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VOL} CLII. No. 24 ‘ 81.00 A Y E A B
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”i" ' Editors and Proprietors ,

ENOE. .
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RATES OF ADVERTISING
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tandard Farm Papers Association and 1

Members Audit Bureau 01 Circulation.

tered as Second Class Matter at the Post 011106 at
Detroit. Michigan. Under the Act 01 Marcus . 187

 

tion was paid a commission on "every
pound of prison twine sold to the farm-
ers of Michigan, whether it was sold
through the Clearing House Associa-
tion or direct by the prison. Publish-
ed versions of the report further
charge that it has not been the policy
of the association to remit collec-
tions on twine as soon as they are
received, but to make deposits in the
banks until several thousand dollars
have accumulated before transferring
to the prison, giving them access to
working capital belonging to the state.

Further charges are made in the re-
port involving a shortage in other ac-
counts, notably live stock, in which
the pri...ln dealt extensively at times.

Fortunately, this report has been

   

submitted at a time when the legisla-_

ture is in special session, so there can
be no excuse for failure to take action
which will result in a thorough legal

‘ inquiry into the conduct of the pris-
A grand jury should be,

on’ 5 business.
called for this purpose at the earliest

. VOLUME CLII

.,— '3‘ ..

.I .
.11
s

l” published version of the auditors’ re~ chandising basis.

‘NUMBER TWENTY FOUR possible date, to the end that the scan-

‘ dal may be quickly sifted and exaot
DETROIT, JUNE 14’ 1919 justice rendered, both to the state and
those involved by the report, until
which time public judgment should be
held in abeyance. And in the meantime
the legislature should at once provide
for a check-on the accounts of the in—
stitution by the state’s accounting de-

 

 

partment.
T the conference
Collectin held at Washing‘
' - g . D. 0., June 2, be-
Prdouction

tween Dr. H. C. Tay-
COSt Data lor, Chief of Farm

Management Depart-
ment, of the United States Department
com- of Agriculture, and secretaries of the

 

CURRENT COMMENT

SPECIAL

Work for mittee was it!" several State Farm Bureaus, it was re-
pointed at the regular solved that the State Farm Bureaus

a Grand seesion 0f the legiSIa' urge upon the United States Depart-
Jury ture 1:0 make a thOI‘" ment to Agriculture, the State Experi-

ough investigation of ment Stations, the County Farm Bu-
the Jackson State Prison and report reaus, and especially upon individual
to the next legislature, With recom- farmers the necessity of the heartiest
mendations as to future policies for cooperation of at once putting forward
that institution. In pursuance of their all speed consistent with accuracy, the
investigation the committee employed collecting of data upon costs of pro-
the Detroit Trust Company 10 make ducing farm products. These figures
an audit of the books of the institu- are of such imperative need in order
tion. This audit revealed startling con— to solve certain agricultural problems
ditions, as indicated by a voluminous that it was further resolved that the
report 0f the auditors t0 the special farmers should give their most hearty
committee, which was filed with them cooperation in this work,
last week. There is a great and increasing need
According to published extracts of for information along the lines of pro-

' this report the prison records are la- duction costs and we believe that our
, mentably incomplete,

and Show evi- readers can best serve their own in-
dences of juggling of funds to bear out terests by cooperating with their coun-
the claim made by its management ty farm bureaus in collecting such fig-
that the institution was self support— ures to the end that agriculture may
ing. They also show, according to the be placed. on a more substantial mer-
The time is past
port, an apparent shortage covering when farmers can go ahead and plan
a period of four and one-half years of any comprehensive program ' of pro-
more than three-quarters of a million duction without some knowledge of
dollars, and an actual shortage of production costs, and probable prices
some $300,000, as near as could be de- for the commodities they have to sell.
termined by the auditors after allow- Few well posted economists believe
ance had been made for inaccuracies that we in America have seen the end
in accounting. of governmental regulation of prices

The report, shows most of this short- of certain staple food products, but
age to be in the sisal binder twine de— whether that is true or not does not
partment of the prison’s operations, it matter. We do know the high cost of
being charged that large quantities of food products is causing industrial un-
material were shipped from this de- rest among the laboring classes and
p'artment for which no items of re- that every effort possible is being
ceipts are shown on the prison rec- made to reduce the cost of.living to
ords. A chapter of the auditors' re- the end that the big industries may
port is devoted to Ex-Warden Nathan avoid raising wages to the level com-
Simpson, under whom the prison’s af- mensurate with the cost of living. In
fairs were administered during the this great triangle of interests the

- greater portion of the period covered farmer must be organized and prepar-

by the report, and his connection with ed with accurate cost of production fig-
the Gleaner Clearing House. Associa- .ures if he is to receivedue recognition
tion, of Detroit, since his resignation from the other big interests. A chain
as warden. In the published version is no stronger than its weakest-link,
01' the report it is charged that while and if our great industries must face
Simpson insisted on direct sales of an era of high prices it is imperative

‘Lfftwine to farmers while he was warden, that they all share proportionately in-
that when he became associated with the returns. or there is sure to be a

the Gleaner Clearing House Associa- crash and a resulting panic.
don. intensive pressure was brought 0n principle and in normal times
{It bear to change this system,,and the mace-fixing is obnoxious and it should“

'IE'V’V-‘V: 1‘ 1.}; ’&.c..i 5.... _!.;1 1;;

      

recognition

the fact" that _ practically speaking.
priCe-fixing during the war not yet ov-
er has justified itSelf by its results,
eyed. though there have. been incidents
connected with it‘not altogether pleas-
ing to all parties concerned. Even in
the fixing of the price of wheat it has
been more in the interest of the public
than it has in the interest of the wheat
grower, and yet there are few farmers
who would wish the Grain Corporation
the fate of the Industrial Board.

According to Dr. Taylorp especial!
emphasis is to be given to studies of
the cost of producing farm products
and it is propdsed to use about $245,000
in developing this important line of
work. The results of these investiga:
tions will make it possible to analyze
the elements of cost and. to. point out
to farmers the best. methods to follow.
This, it is believed, will lead- to the
better organization of farms with a
view to reducing costs and increasing
profits, which in turn will be of benefit
both to producer and consumer.

Work on a. number oflines'is now
actively under way and plans have

been made for taking up new lines of ‘

work as rapidly as possible. .The ob-
ject of the investigations relating to
farm organization is to develop the
economic principles which underlie the
management of a farm with the view
of securing a maximum profit through
a long term of years. The main things
to be‘considered are types of farming,
size of business, layout of buildings
and fields, effective use of labor and
equipment, intensity of production, and
general business management. Special
emphasis will be given to land' values,
credit, insurance, and taxation from
the standpoint of their general influ-
ence upon the activities of the farmer.
Along with the studies in connection
with utilizing farm labor special stud-
ies will be made of such problems as
the trend of “population, supply and
movement of farm labor, as well as
living and housing problems connected
with hired hands. The subjects of
standards of supervision and compen-
sation of farm labor also will be stud-
ied. Demonstration activities in coop-
eration with the different state farm
bureaus and the national farm bureau
are planned to carry to the farmer on
his own. farm the facts developed in
the farm management and farm .eco-
nomics investigations for better farm-
ing, better business and better living.

,0 long as people

fluctuating; must work for a
living the amount or

Value of work they must do to
the Dollar live should bear a fix-
ed ratio to the cost of

living. Calculations as to how much

money should be paid for his work in
order to support his family properly
have proven a rather vague quantity
since the purchasingvpower of the dol-
lar has fluctuated so greatly from
month to month. The proper adjust-
ment of wages would be a compara-
tively easy matter, provided money“
had a fixed and constant value.

At the present time a great econom-
ic truth is slowly taking root in the
minds of American people; the fact
that before wages can be adjusted to
meet the requirements of laborers
some means must be devised to find
out and establish a unit‘of work for
the family’s living. Our big industries
have come to regard the eight- -hour day
as the proper economic unit of labor,
while our farmers are finding that a
man who spends ten hours at physical
toil has, if reasonably efficient, done
enough to provide comfortably“ for an
average family. But the question or
paying him. adequate wages to support
his family is not a simple one.

(It is easy encugh for nutrition ex-
.perts and social. workers to state in
fairly accurate terms the qoantities of
(and 1:16 "‘ 4

:3 YIVI"“" ”Hi?“ _)

recréaw Weducas directly “$59 WI. “9“”:3:

much that the problem

ing. It the measure of the value of
the day’s work gives due consideration
to maintaining the worker in good phy~

sical condition and provides adequate.

1y for the preservation of.» the race the
question of wages must bear a fixed

ratio to the number of pounds or food:

the quantity of clothing, the kind of
housing and recreational and educa-
tional advantages which such wages
will purchase. ' .

In industrial circles the only formu-
la is the dollar. It is the only unit

that may be used to the satisfaction of ‘

both employersand employee in m‘eas.
uring the' value of labor and its prod-
ucts.’ Wages may be " revised from
mouth to month on the basis of prices
for food, clothing, rent and other nec-
essary expenditures, but this merely
launches our whole industrial struc-
ture into a deep sea of socialism with-
out really fixing a definite unit of work
for a family's living in a manner satis-
factory to both parties.

The farmer who employs labor by
the year has a decided advantage over
the big industries, inasmuch, as the
cost of living on the farm fluctuates
less than is the case in industrial cen-
ters where people are affected more
directly by the fluctuating charges of
transportation and distribution. Rent,
fuel, meat, vegetables, milk, butter,
eggs and other farm products alWays
bear a fixed ratio to labor, that is,
when the business is figured on a term
of years cost of production basis.
These things could 'be furnished by
the employer at a certain fixed ratio
per hour's work so that the increasing
cost of living would entail‘less real
hardship on the laborer who had hired
out under such an arrangement. At
the same time the farmer would be
partially insured against paying ahigh
price for labor and being compelled to
market that portion of his products be-
low the fixed ratio of hours of labor
to the value of the products. Such an
arrangement might also be extended
to all staple foods, the farmer assum-
ing more of the risks of‘fluctuating val-
ues and the laborer being protected
against rising prices. This may sound
idealistic to Some of our practical
farmers, but this question of farm la-
bor and its compensation will never be
settled until such compensation is ex-
pressed in terms of pounds of bread,
meat, and other foods, clothing, kind
of housing and other conditions of life
such compensation can be exchanged
for. Men who have done much think-
ing on the problem havelreach‘ed', the
conclusion that we must do something
to stabilize the purchasing pewer of a
unit of labor. . ' _’

The advancing cost of living and the
fluctuating value of the dollar is driv-
ing another valuable lesson home to
the minds of many farmers and "farm
laborers; and that is the importance
of maintaining a better balanced sys-
tem of agriculture and putting our
farms on a more nearly self—supporting
basis. In our efforts to make our
farms pay larger profits in dollars and
cents we have, in many instances,
grasped at the"shadow and lost the
substance of life; We know a number

of pretty good farmers in Michigan

who lather go through a deeply com-
plicated, process to make fifty dollars
than to 'produce one two- hundred- and-
fifty- pound pig or feed a small flock of
hens. Others prefer to buy canned
fruit, vegetables and oleomargarine
instead of putting out a [good garden
and milking a family 'cow. One‘mighty

good way for people in the country to‘

dodge the high cost of living and the

fluctuating value of the dollar is to be.

gin collecting some of their living. from
Mother Earth.
to make a ...g‘ood living. why not we

compensation for labor is vc'rykperpl‘ex-a

If our object in lite in:

          

 

 

 

 

3
‘1

 


 

  
 
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
  

_ BESS dispatches a short time ago
P carried the news important to ev-

ery wheat grower in the United
States that “Take-all” and “Flag Smut"
had been found injuring the wheat
crop around Granite City, Illinois, in
the wheat area which had developed in
the last few years in the bottom land
along the Missouri River near St.
Louis.

This news has caused farmers in
general to look over their wheat fields
to note conditions and this survey has
brought to light many wheat problems.

It is the purpose of this article to V'

describe the wheat diseases found
around St. Louis, and then to discuss
sbme conditions now to be seen in
Michigan fields with the object of mak-
ing farmers on the alert for the new
diseases, if they exist in the state, and
secondly to allay any alarm that may
arise from mistaking other troubles for
Take-all and Flag Smut.

Take- all is a fungous root rot of
wheat, rye, barley and other grasses.
Until its discovery in the United States
scarcely more than three weeks ago,
it was known only from certain parts
of Europe and from Australia. The
bulletins and articles from those coun-
tries differ in the scientific opinions
as to the cause and details of the dis-
ease, but they all agree upon the ex-
tremely serious nature of the trouble.
The name “Take-all” was given it by
the Australian farmers, and well sig-
nifies the dread results which follow
in the wake of the disease.

‘ Attention of American plant pathol-
ogists was first called to the disease
last November by Professor Charles
C. Brittlebank, of Victoria, Australia,
when’in a, letter to the War Emergen-
cy Board of Plant Pathologists he
warned of the danger to America
through this disease and advised a
strict quarantine of Australian wheat
to prevent entry of the trouble. Act-
ing on the recommendation of the Am:
erican Phytopathological Society, the
Federal Horticultural Board issued a
quarantine against Australian wheat,
effective February, 1919.

Then came the discovery that the
disease was already in America and
that the door had been locked too late.
The federal pathologists with the dis-
covery of the disease in southern Illi-
nois acted with great promptness.
Pathologists from the various states
were called to a conference to examine
the diseased fields and secure .first-
hand acquaintance with the new mal-
ady. The writer attended this confer-
ence and came back with a clear pic-
ture in his mind of what Take-all is
and how serious it may become. In
one field in 'Illinois, eighty acres of
what was evidently a perfect stand of
wheat has been completely ruined.
Furthermore it is questionable if the
land will be suitable for grain crops for
a long time to come.
which the disease was not so well es-
tablished showed large patches in
which the wheat had failed. The dam~
age seems similar to that reported for
Australia.

Speaking of Australian Take-all,
Professor Brittlebank writes in the
Journal of Agriculture for Victoria,
March 10,1919:

“Of all the fungus diseases affecting
wheat, Take~all is the most destruc-
tiva, and the actual lees done by it is

16,;- greater than by may other single

e,rust included or perhaps by a

Other fields in '

 

Two Dangerous Wheat Diseases

Farmers Séou/a’ be 072 tee Alert for T ate-
all and Flag Smut

By G. H. Coons, M. A.

C.

 

Take-all as it Shows in a Small Diseased Spot.

when present in epidemic form, causes
more widespread'loss for one season,
but fortunately it appears only once in
a series of years, while Take-all is al-
ways with us, destroying a few plants
here, thousands there, and nearly the
entire crop in other places.”
‘ Again, G.,L. Sutton, in the Agricul-
tural Gazette of New South Wales, dis-
cussing the advance of the disease into
that country in the last ten years:
“The spread of Take-all can only be
regarded as a national disaster and
growers who have it in their paddocks
are deserving of sympathy. The farm-
er in New South Wales has hardly
realized how serious Take-all is. It is
well that he should do so in order that
he may be on the alert to control it. A
farmer instanced a case in which two
hundred and twenty-five out of two
hundred and fifty acres were ruined by
this dreaded pest. In Scuth Australia
its ravages were much more extensive.
At one railway station alone the'wheat
delivered was thirty thousand bags
less than the previous harvest, the de-
ficiency being due solely to Take-all."
The disease as seen in southern Ill-
inois causes marked stunting of the
wheat plants. It occurs in spots or
patches in the fields unless the whole
field is a big diseased area. Commonly
it is found occurring here and there in
a row, the diseased plants remaining

low and taking on deep blue-green col-
or. The diseased plants greatly re-
semble quack-grass as it looks in the
spring. The affected plants seldom
send~up any heads at all, the few that
do come up are weak spindling growths
which bear blasted kernels. The Aus-
tralians call the blasted heads which
appear as a result of this growth,

“White Heads.” With the failure to
produce a head the plant either dies,
due to the complete rotting off of the
roots or else it sends up a series of
wiry, spindling growths which come to
nothing.

The diseased roots and the stems
take on a characteristic rotted appear-
ance. Most decisive for diagnosis prob-
ably is the rich mahogany or chocolate
color which the diseased parts assume.
This is very evident and the color ex-
tends completely through the affected
stalks. The small, rolled-up inner
leaves which have not yet pushed out
are also attacked and become flaccid
and shriveled. The head is nipped in
the bud, so to speak.

,Not much is know about Take-all.
For a long time a definite fungus para-
site, Ophiobolus graminis has been as-
signed as the cause of the trouble. The
story of the parasite is something like
this: 7

Following the death of the diseased

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  

  

  
  

  
  

  

  
 
 

   

 

’ chad'VieW‘gf‘Dwarted Take-all Plants. .' ‘

 

  

 

plants, the fungous parasite which has
completely taken possession of dead

shoots, produces on the stubble spores

which are capable of reproducing the\
disease.

This spore production occurs either
in the fall or spring. It is therefore
evident that failure to rotate crops is
the surest way to increase the disease.
The worst fields seen in Illinois were
those in which field had followed wheat
for three years. The disease is carried
on the seed, on the straw and trash
from a diseased crop. The soil, blown
or otherwise, carried from one place
to another, may carry the parasite.
Once introduced, it seems to persist in
the soil. It is therefore seen that this
disease merits its name and is a. thing
we don’t want to have wide-spread in
the United States.

Flag Smut is a traveling partner of
Take-all. It also is an Australian. dis-
ease and never before seen in America.
It is a leaf and stem smut, rather than
a head or kernel smut like our other
smut diseases. This smut produces
long black streaks on the leaves and
these leaves eventually rift and dis-
charge the brown-black smut powder.
The general effect on the plant is to
stunt it and make it fail to head.

Flag Smut would be readily controll- .
ed by seed treatment, aside from the
fact that it can live over in the soil
for several years. Wheat growers will
admit that in loose smut and stinking
smut we have all the trouble we want
at present.

There is only one thing to be done
about Take-all and Flag Smut, and
that is to find out how prevalent the
diseases really are. Already since the
finding of the disease in Illinois, three
cases of disease have been found in In-
diana, and one case in La Porte coun-
ty which borders on Michigan. It
seems extremely likely that the disease
occurs here and there in other states.
No control measures nor domestic
quarantine action can be taken until
we know very definitely how exten-
sively these troubles have already
crept in. This is a matter of Plant
Disease Survey, and the federal gov-
ernment can do this if sufficient funds
for this particular survey work are ap-
propriated by the next congress. Con-
gress in general is slow to spend mon-
ey on survey work, but this is of such
vital importance that money must be
used to find out where we stand and to
devise proper control measures.

It is exceedingly important that the
Michigan growers report anything sus-
picious in their fields; every standing
of wheat should be carefully noted and
the attention of the county agent call-
ed to it.

It might be well also to point out
that stunting of wheat and Other
grains may arise from a. great variety
of causes. There is, for example, the
well-known stunting which comes from
water-soaked soil. This usually shows
up in the lowest parts of the field but
may be fairly common, in poorly drain-
ed fields. Such plants are stunted and
occasionally root rot follows. Various
soil conditions may lead to stunted“
plants, and the varied composition" of
some of our hilly soils is not realized
until you see such soils turned up by ,
the plow, then its streakings of sand,
clay, gravel and what not, become very
evident. »

The most striking condition found
this year is the wholesale chest 01
frost. The severe freezing which the

(Continued on page 896) ' ' '

 

 

  
  
  
 
 
  
   
    
     


 
  

 

 

News Of the

FOOD FOR GERMANY. fer locomotives and cars in Europe been more destructive than all- other rial recession until inventive. genius
, ‘ .slackened, and the accumulations here bean diseases combined. The experi- succeeds in correspondingly increasing
HE war trade board announces the were at once taken over by the rail- ments described are carried on at Per- ‘labor’s productive capacity by mechan-
. associated governments have all road administration. , ry, in the heart of the bean country. ical means.”

agreed that, for the time being and __.___._____ Trade in beans is light but there is . ———-—-———-——-

‘until further notice, foodstuffs 'within EIGHT YEARS FOR DORSEY a good tone to the market, and buy- , NEW MARKET FOR CHICAGQ.
the limits provided by the Brussels. ers readily pick up anything offered , * , g
agreement may be exported or .re-ex- AMES DORSEY and his friends lost at full prices Peas and mediums are LEADERS in Chicago’s South Wa-
. ported to Germany from the contigu— their fight to save him from prison. quoted at $7.75 per CWt; yellow eyes ter street produce trade, whose
. 0118 neutral countries without, as here- Accompanied by a United States Mar- §7-50 and Red Kidneys $11.50@11.75. $500. 000 000 annual turnover is exceed-
* tofore, obtaining the format consent shal, Dorsey, the “cattle king," left for“ all basis, ' hand-picked, sound, dry ed there only by the $2, 000, 000, 000 year

   

 

  

 
 

 

 

 

t0 the fact that the procedure outlined He was convicted and sentenced for ation of a new great central market
in this ruling permits the shipment 0t selling tubercular cattle. It developed AS a further means of preventing place, as soon as the railroads are re
foodstuffs from the United States to at the trial that Dorsey had fake cer- the spread of tuberculosis among turned to their owners

Germany via the border neutral coun- tiflcates for the cattle which he ship- live stock, inter-state shipments of cat— Options had been procured before

tries. ped from his model place at Gilberts, tie failing to pass the tuberculosis teSt the war on a suitable location, the mil-
“ Ill., to other states. Will be prohibited, beginning July ‘1. lions of dollars neceseary to finance

52.000 U- 3- ARMY MEN WANT It took a long time to catch him, under 3' regulation issued by the De— the project had been promised~ and the
FARMS- but the government finally got him on partment Of Agriculture. architectural plans had been drawn.

 

a charge of using the mails to de- A recent announcement by the de- These options, however, were permit«
O-LDIER experience in France has fraud. Cattlemen in the surrounding partment said it was believed this re- ted to lapse and the project was posts
awakened a keen desire for farm states complained that he sold them striction would make more effective poned indefinitely when America was

life and this sentiment should be en- sick cattle, which he represented to be the work‘of eradication WhiCh is new drawn into the conflict. Now the pro-

couraged. Secretary of the Interior healthy. being systematically carried on in duce commission men are ready to
Lane told the house public lands com- ~ ' forty states. begin anew.
mittee, in ‘urging favorable action on —-—-——-—— _._____.___
. , . ME EE . '
the Mondell sold1ers settlement bill. RENAMING A RICA" 8 DS pmcgs TO REMAIN HIGH. PROTECT THE SHEEP INDUSTRY.

 

“I have received 52,000 requests
from American boys in the army that
they be given an opportunity to get a
farm from the government and we
have not been able to make any kind
of a census," he said.

Representative Snell, of New York,
suggested that there now existed a
shortage of farm labor, and enactment

 

 

OR many years before the war . _ . .
Hamburg was the world’s most im- NDUSTRY must be- reorgamzed to C ONSERVATION 18 all right and 1t

portant distributing point for seeds. meet high prices, is the opinion or iS‘ wise to salvage all refuse and
European seeds coming to America J- Ogden Armour, as expressed in a find a use for it, but the imposition of

and American seeds going to Europe
passed through German hands, so that
Belgium, for example, knows American
seeds not by the names they go by
in the United States but by the names

and recently made public. The letter article wrongs both the producer and
was written in a reply to a request the consumer.

sent by Mr. Wilson asking his views of If oleo was not restricted there
the present and future economics and would be a wholesale slaughter of

of the pending1 legislation might are given them by German see dsmen in industrial outlook. in America. . ' cows. 1f the refuse of feeds was mix-
ceritualte that s 101 tage. . Hamburg. Now a readjustment is tak- Mr. Armour’s VieWS, as stated 1n\h1s ed equal parts with. the flour of the
I t 1nk we ought to g1ve each of letter, follow: whole people there would. be no wheat

these boys a chance for himself," re- ing place in the distribution of the
plied Mr. Lane. “He should not be smallest and perhaps the most import-
kept a farm laborer for hire when he ant article in international trade.

could own a farm and till it for him- In future America will deal directly
self.” with Belgium, France and other coun-

‘ “The greatest danger to our eco— grown except for the farmer’s bread.
nomic structure today arises from The public would then be compelled
the failure of many to recognize a to use substitutes for bread and butter,
new nude-higher level 0f prices, based the same as it now uses substitutes in
tries, but the task will involve consid- imbthe permanently increased cost at the manufacture 0f clothing, and the
erable ingenuity in renaming Ameri— a or and hlgh taxatmn Those who cow shortage' and the “wheat shore
can seeds so that Belgian or French postpone building or buying in the age” would put the price of counter-
_ buyers can purchase without con- hope of materially lower prices are fe1ts out of Sight, just as the “wool
HE army d1rector of sales has un- fusion speculating in the future misfortune shortage” has done with the disrepu-
der consideration the question of ' ' 0f the nation, for falling prices, When table so-called “woolens.”
whether to sell at home or for export _"——‘ reaching the point where profit is
the large surplus stocks of packed DEMAND FOR .SEED BEANS. eliminated, mean panic, depression, un-
meats on hand. These stocks consist employment and other troubles.
of canned roast beef, corned beef, corn< THERE is an exceptionally heavy Labor Seventy-five Per Cent of Cost.
ed beef hash and bacon. demand for seed beans in western “In the final analysis seventy-five
Of the roast beef there are 12,000,000 New York, which. indicates a good per cent or more Of the COSt 01' most
six-pound cans; 17’300,000 two-pound acreage this year despite the fact that commodities consist of labor and re-
cans; 9,000,000 one~pound cans and growers haVe been disgusted with re- ductions in the market price of com-
378,000 twelve-ounce cans. There are turns here for various reasons the last modities are, therefore, inevitably re— devoid of business sense as to push the
5,600,000 sixpound cans, 18,000,000 three or four years. Reasons for the flected in the compensation of labor. sheep industry like our other endeav-
twenty-iourounce cans; 9,00,000 one— prospect 0f increased acreage are not 7‘Nothing in the labor situation war— ors? If we were sausage producers
pound cans, and 4250,000 twelve— far to seek- Continuousrams have Fe‘ rants any one in eXpecting materially how long would we continue if the
ounce cans of corned beef and 20,820,- duced the sow1ng 0f sprmg grain, “nth lower cost 0f commodities in general strong packers mixed their. fertilizer
000 in one and two-pound cans of corn- the result that 1n seeking a substitute and building in particular. Wages Will materials with theirs—and got away
ed beef hash. There are 47,219,620 crop, beans are one Of the favorites- not be less. for several fundamental with it?

GOVERNM ENT MEAT STOCKS.

 

wheat substitutes now for genuine, he
would be arrested; but the sale of
wool substitutes has gulled and cheat-
ed every man, woman and child in the
United States for years. Can you see
why there is a shortage of sheep?
Does any sane man believe we are so

 

pounds of bacon; 8,686,000 of which The State Department Of Agricul- reasons, viz.; We are carrying avfew sheep from
4 is crated and located in Chicago, Bal- ture, cooperating with the New York “1. The practical stoppage of immi- habit and because we like them, hop-
timore and Columbus. ,, State College of Agriculture, is work- gration since 1914, depriving America ing for the time that people will come

These quantities represent the com- ing steadily on the development of of the several million of workers who to their right minds, and we stand
bined output of the packing houses for beans that will resist anthracnose, mo- normally would have -come to out ready to double and quadruple them
five months during the war when the saic and the mysterious root disease. shores. when it pays. If the population of the
plants were kept in operation con- The state has made one appropriation “2. The retention by the nation’s United States can stand to pay out-

subsistence. The representatives of cultural college including W. H. Burk- nearly two million workers, which may we can put up with a few sheep and
the packers urge that all of this stock halter and J. M Hawley have been continue for an indefinite period. utilize our feed for products that pay.

food situation in many of the countries also attempting to breed some resist- such as shipbuilding and manufacture of Agriculture or anybody is bunk un--

now on short rations. ant type. It is now reported that by of chemicals and dyes, requiring hun- less it pays to grow wool, and the peo-
__________ careful selection of seed and by the dreds of thousands of workers. ple of the country can wear and re-
MOVING THE GRAIN CROP. hybridization of several varieties that "4. The urgent demand for building wear their old clothes to their heart's-

 

a pea bean free from mosaic has been and construction of every class, due content. "
HE railroad administration is mak- developed. This has been named the to their having been forcibly held back There is one way, and only one, to

lug comprehensive arrangements “Robust.” Eurther, a white bean has for several years increase wool and clothe the people

to take care of the heavy traffic that is been evolved that is said to be free “5. The shortage of the world's food with respectable garments, bought at
expected to come with the movement from anthracnose. In breeding this, a supply. a fair price, and that is to have the
“of grain to the seaboard for foreign strain of Red Kidneys was used, but “6. The proportionately higher lev- word “shoddy" on every garment or
_ export after harvest. the white type was finally fixed. els of commodity prices existing prac- piece of cloth that carries it. Do you
Early last winter the program of Actual tests of these claims in grow- tically all over Europe. think the manufacturers will put it

purchases of equipment began with the ers’ fields are awaited with interest. “The manufacturer who now quotes there while they can work and rework
letting of contracts for locomotives However, development of a bean that the lowest possible price consistent substitutes, and sell double the num-

 

  

  

eliyeries were made at once out of found which will control it The dis- freely on the same basis, ranks as our of unlimited discussions. We can flood
rolling stock manufactured for ship- ease is comparatively new, but in. the highest type of patriotic citizen. A the country with wool the same an

  

ermi'stice having been signed, the need alent here its ravages have probably ed from which there can be no mate- stituted nor countortofiod.

“Of the interallied trade committees in the federal prison at Leavenworth stock, f- 0- b. loading DOint- , . gross business of the meat slaughter- .
said neutral countrles. Kansas, where he will serve an eight— ———— ing. packing and kindred industries.
The attention of exporters is called year term. . CURB 0N CATTLE PEST. have perfected their plans for the cre-

letter to Secretary of Labor Wilson any refuse on the public as a genuine »

If a man would sell these butter or-

_tinuous1y to meet the demand for army of $10, 000 and experts from the agri- military and naval establishments of rageous prices and Wear substitutes,- i

be disposed of for export to relieve the doing original pathological work and “3. The creation of new industries, All this propaganda by the Department A

and cars under a schedule of deliveries will resist the root disease has failed with the high cost of labor and guar— ber of unserviceahle suits? Until, then”
extended well into the summer. Some thus far, and no remedy has been antees this to be so, doing his buying there will be a wool shortage in spite".

meat abroad for war purposes. The five or six years that it has been prev- new level of prices has been establish other productions which gramme

  
 
     
     
       
    
    
       
     
      
          
      
   
     
   
     
      
     
     
     
       
     
     
 
       
   
    
   
    
       
     
    
  
    
  
 
  
  
 
   
 
 
   
  
   
  
 
    
 
    
  
  
  
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
   
  
   
  
 
 
  
  
   
  
  
  
     
  
   
 
   
   
    
   
  
 
   
   
   
   
  
  
   
 
    
   
   
  
  
  
  
  
  

 

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HE farmers and their eons who
remember the fallingof agricul-

F tum-1 prices after the close of
the Civil War- and the grinding poverw

ty that came therewith, have left in
the minds of succeeding generations a

strong impression that prices, particu- _

larly of farm products, must always
fall after a war. . This vague feeling is
the field that metropolitan papers are
cultivating to accomplish the fall of
what they call the high cost of living
-—-in other words, if the present sshed-
ule of wages and commodity costs
oeuld be maintained and food stuffs be
lowered, it would be at the expense of
the farm and to the benefit of the con-
_ 15an class.

.There is no particular time when the
manufacturing of iron and steel, for
example, may not begin, but the crop
grewing season is the only time that
the real prosperity must be initialed,
and the danger point cf the world
rig-ht now is that the enermous wheat
crop in prospect is held up to view as
maintained and supported by govern-
ment guarantee and that other farm
products without guarantee will slump

in price below the cost of production .

if at all bounteous. There was a report
given currency ,of enormous amounts
of wheat in Australia which,‘when ton-
nage was available, would break the
European market price for wheat. ,The
tonnage _is now available and Europe
is ordered to ration wheat, to allow
bread, until the coming harvest. The
fiction of great food stores to break
prices is and will be as lacking in
,foundation as the creed of the B01-
shevik. In fact, there is little choice
between the logic of the Red in Russia,
who denounces the Bourgeoisie be-
cause the latter has food and. the
means of its reproduction and the low-
ering of food prices in the United
States below the cost of producing.
The result in either, case is sure to be
famine.

The best consensus of economic
Opinion is that there will be no general

HE war-time demand for food
has led many persons with na-
tion-wide reputations for busi-
ness keenness to jump to the conclu-
sion that farming will always be as
profitable and desirable an occupation
as it has been recently. The same set
of circumstances has brought many
more to the belief that all our return-
ing soldiers should go to producing
food, and to propose means for provid-
ing a farm for every fighter. To get a
basis to work from in considering
these proposals scientists of the De-
partment of Agriculture have got to-
gether some figures that may disillu-
sion not a few hopeful ones._
Land Not F it for Cultivation.

,To begin with, more than half the
land in the United States fit for culti-
vation was in crops ten years ago.
This proportion has steadily increased.
Then there must be eliminated the
“corn belt, " where none but a rich

- man may own a farm. This is a wedge-
sham region east of the one hun-

 

 

    
  

.dredth meridian and beunded by a line

:eenthw'estern . Pennsylvania.

 

 

 

 

9-way and Missouri to 011-:

 

 

fall in the price level. That is, while
special conditions may fall, .that others
will rise. so no generaldecline will
follow. This means that a man may
buy a farm and have reasonable as-
surance of the maintenance of the
present general price of products. It
means that a tenant may‘ secure credit
for seed, implements and live stock and
that a decline in prices will not impair
his investment. The ordinary risks of
seasons is net a matter of economics
but one of those inherent risks that
all must assume.

The prevailing prices for 1914 in pre-
war times apparently are gone and
their return is very remote. The aver-
age wholesale price of twenty-five food
products arranged to represent the
food budget of a family in the tables
maintained by the New York Analist
shows that it would require in March,
1919, $2.98 to purchase what would
have cost in March, 1914, only $1.46.
The yearly average for 1918. on the

 

' 11Ces 111 General Will Not Fall

By James 1V. McBride

same basis was $2.87 while that of 1917
was $2.61.

The forgotten analogy of the years
succeeding the Civil War is that the
United States has not departed from a
metal money' basis during the world’s
war, andwe now have three billion of
gold, or one-third of the world’s sup-
ply. . The total money in circulation in
the United States is considerably over
five billion and an increase per capita
from $48.37 a year ago to $57.76 at the
present time. The financial power of
the people is shown in their ability to
absorb over twenty-one billion of war
loans and savings stamps, and while
this is not money in a legal sense it is
a. basis of bank credit under the fed-
eral reserve system that is available
to protect prices. There is loaned to
foreign governments nine billion dol-
lars by the United States, and private
loans to foreigners aggregate over four
billions. At the close of the Civil
War the United States was indebted

 

 

A Clean Field of Beans Greatly Simplifies the Harvesting Problem.

Available for Settlement

lahoma, thence north to North Dakota
and back across Minnesota, Wisconsin
and Michigan to Pennsylvania—in all
about one-fifth of the United States. It
produces four-fifths of the corn, three-
fourths of the wheat and oats, and
three- fifths of the hay crops of the
nation.

This belt, most of which can be
plowed easily and has a fertile soil is
the most productive area in the world
devoted to corn, which is the most pro-
ductive per acre of the food crops.
Acres Available for Crop Production.

The United States has approximate-
ly 850,000,000 acres of land—forty-iive
per cent of'the country’s land area—in
crops or available for crop production.

Of this amount approximately 480,-
000,000 acres were improved land in
1910; the remainder consisting of 200,-
000.000 acres of potentially arable for-
est and cut-over land, 60,000,000 acres
of swamps and other wet lands need-
ing drainage, 30,000,000 acres of poten-
tially irrigable land, and about 80, 000,-
000 acres of unimproved land other
than woodland.

Over ”,1 000, 000. 000 acres of land in

the United States are not adapted to
cultivation, of which at least 360,000,-
000 acres may be used for forests and
about 600,000,000 acres for grazing.
Most of the grazing land is located in
the western states. In addition there
are about 40,000,000 acres of desert
land, and 40,000,000 acres of land in
cities, rural highways and railroad
rights of way, an amount which will
gradually increase with increasing
population.
Use for Unimproved Lands.

Much of the non-arable land within
the domain of Uncle Sam consists of
land once farmed and now abandoned,
as well as areas which no one thought
it worth while trying to make into
farms. Topographic and climatic con-
ditions are of primary importance in
explaining why the United States is
too hilly or rough for the successful
production of crops. This mountainous
or stony land, where rainfall is suffi-
cient, is adapted to forests, and where
the rainfall is light is grazed by rov-
ing flocks of sheep or by cattle. Lack
of sufficient rainfall is responsible for
the absence of crops. in nearly one«

   

 

both public and privately abroad,lso
conditions are reversed at the present
time. That the credit conditions of our
banking system are adjusted to a me-
tallic money is seen when there is
three times as much gold reserve sup-
porting the note issues of the reserve .
banks as there was the national bank
notes in 1914.

The‘ widespread ownership of Lib-
erty Bonds in the first instance was
creditable patriotism, but as a credit
measure it will prove a duplicate bless-
ing in inrreasing deposit banking. The
whole financial resources of the'natipn
were made available by what often
was a, paradox of a heavy bond pur-
chase and increased bank deposits. De
posit banking has increased all over
the world and this is the same as a.
new gold supply. No’ man with any
knowledge of world affairs can expeCt
a return of the prices prevailing in
1914. Pressure has been exerted since
the close of the war'to reduce prices,
but under existing’circumstances it is
impossible.

The actual money condition is only
one side of the case. The physical
fact is that reconstruction is not pro-
ductive of goods for consumption but
of the machinery and appliances to
produce goods. A homely example in
explanation would be a farmer build-
ing both a house and barn in one sea~
son and diverting his labor and re-
sources to that end away from‘ farm
crops. While this problem is acute in
Europe it is a factor in the United
States where the power of a nation
was turned to war work and there is
a shortage of houses and supplies of a
general nature. There is still the enor-
mous shortage of manpower occasion-
ed by the war and this is a factor in '
reconstruction and in production of
goods. And finally there are no cheap
products 'in the world, nor low wages
anywhere. The best opinion of the
world is today that adjustments will
have to be made to the present price
level, rather than price reduction.

third of the United States. During oc-
casional years of heavier rainfall, large
profits may be made in growing crops
in these semi-arid regions, but in the
long run it pays better in most locali-
ties to use such land for grazing, and
grow in swales and seepage basins on-
ly a few acres of crops for 'suppieV
mentary feed.

Another factor restricting the culti-
vated area is the length of the growing
season. Over a large extent of elevat-
ed land in the west, and also in,the
Adirondacks and a part of Maine, the
average growing season is less than
ninety days, while frosts may occur
during the summer. There is also
much land where the soil is too sandy.
or infertile for the profitable produc-
tion of crops. Such soils are better
adapted to forests, and when cleared
for agricultural use are generally soon
allowed to grow up again in brush and
trees.

Cut-over Land.

About one- -fifth of a billion acres of.
the cut-over land and weedland in the
United States might be cleared up and

the stumps removed so that the land

  


 

“o‘um be available for productive-farin-
ring. However, this work would involve
"heavy expenditures and on this ac-
; count clearing is slow, as farmers usu-
ally prefer to locate on land which
, does not involve so much pioneering.
‘ ‘If~al.l this agriculturally suitable forest

and cut-over land could be made into
‘ Ufarms averaging one hundred and sixty
acres, it would provide 1,250,000 farms,
an- increase of about twenty per cent
over the present number. It is believ-
ed unlikely that more than 50,000,000
' acres, or enough for perhaps 300,000
farms, will be cleared by the present
generation unless the government as-
sumes responsibility.

Swamps and Overflow Land.

Another undeveloped agricultural re-

source consists of swamps and over-

"flow lands that may be drained. It is

estimated that there are~some 60,000.-
000 acres of such land suitable for the
production of crops after reclamation,
or enough to make 1, 000, 000 farms of
sixty acres. Most of this land, located
largely in the Mississippi, river bot-
toms and other river bottoms of the
southern coastal plain and in the peat,
bogs and muck lands of the lake states
and northeastern states is potentially
fertile-but as drainage is expensive, it
will probably be at least another half
century before all or even much of this
area is reclaimed;
Western Irrigated Districts;

The irrigated sections of the west-
ern states have approximately 30,000,-
000 acres of land still available for
farming purposes if complete utiliza-

7am is made of the”

potential water
supply This is double the present
area of the irrigated land and would
provide 340, 000 rams averaging eigh-
ty-seven acres, which is the average
farm acreage of irrigated land shown
by the 1910 census. However, con-
struction of irrigation damszand canals
is so expensive that it will be many
years before much of this land is put
in crops.
’Fast Decreasing Homestead Tracts.
‘In the eastern states and in the
great plains region mu'ch waste land
is classified in the census reports as
“unimproved land other .than wood-
land.” It consists of stony upland pas-

tures in hilly regions and other par-
cels of waste land in eastern farms
and of grazing land in western ranch-

:e‘s aggregating h misfits, ,
acres. Some of this land fir” meets:
at one time was cropped and now can-
stitutes in part the so-called abandon-
ed farms. If prices of farm products
continue high and farm labor again be-
comes comparatively cheap, 3. portion ‘
of this land will undoubtedly be re-
claimed for crOp production. The furth-
er development of dry farming may
.also make room for a few more farm-
ers in the west Under the six hun-
dred and forty-acre‘grazing homestead
act passed in 1916, more than 45,000
applications have been made and ap-
proved. In the opinion of department
specialists, however, most of the graz-
ing homesteads offering promise of
supporting a family have been appli-
ed for.

Controlling Potato Diseases

ICHIGAN potato growers sufier
M heavy annual losses, which are

due primarily to causes quite
readily controlled through proper seed
selection, field culture and spraying.
The weather conditions, of course, are
beyond our control, but to some extent
proper methods of cultivation may
help conserve moisture. The most in-
jurious insects may be quite easily
controlled, but our methods may be
improved. Diseases caused by fungi
and bacteria are difficult to control
and are frequent causes of serious
damage. A careful study of the fol-
lowing diseases and methods of con-
trol should prove of value to every
grower who is interested in producing
maximum crops of fine quality po-
tatoes.

Rots.

Seed potatoes are very often affect-
ed with soft rots, which may be due to
any one of several causes. The most
important to the potato growers of
most sections, is due to bacteria which

cause a rapid rotting of the tubers.
The soft, slimy pulp, containing mil-
lions of bacteria, is smeared over the
surface of the sound potatoes in the
handling, and some of it reaches the
freshly cut surfaces by contact with
the potatoes or from the cutting knife.
If the cut potatoes stand for a short
time before planting, black sunken
spots due to the action of the bac-
teria, appear on the cut surfaces. If
the weather is warm the potato
sprouts, and no great loss results from
this rot. But if the weather is cold
and wet, many of the seed pieces rot,
the result being a poor stand or weak
plants. This rot was especially de-
structive in 1913.

Control—Although the weather is
the most important factor in the con-
trol of this trouble, the loss can be
reduced by treatment of the seed with
formaldehyde or corrosive sublimate,
and by dipping the cutting knives in a
twenty-five per cent solution of formal-
dehyde. This may be easily accom-
plished by having two knives for each
cutter and letting one stand in the so«
lution while the other is being used.
This precaution has been adopted by
'many of the northern growers. It is
also advisable to treat the cut seed
with sulphur.

Southern Bacteria Wilt.

This disease, also known as the
“sleeping sickness,” is caused by Ba-
cillus solanacearum, E. F. Smith. It
attacks, potatoes, tomatoes, eggplants,
peppers and tobacco (on which it is
known as the Granville tobacco wilt),
and is one of the most destructive dis-

. ' cases of the southern states. It was
, reported in 1903 as attacking tomatoes

.4 in this state. It is especially severe in
4 dry seasons and on dry soils. It was
very severe on the potatoes in the
southern part of the state in 1913, and
. aside from weather conditions caused
..mter injury to the early Cobblers
: than any‘ other ‘one factor. The dis-

.Z‘

ease was decidedly more severe on pc-
tatoes grown from eastern seed than
on those from New Jersey grown seed,
and there was a. slight amount of evi-
dence tending to show that it was less
severe on seed which had been treated
with formaldehyde than on seed which
had not been treated.

The disease first appears as a wilt-
ing, followed by a revival at night and
a wilting on the second day. Plants
very seldom survive the second day's
wilting unless there should be inter-
vening rains, but become yellow and
blacken, and the tubers rot readily.
The disease is carried by insects and
in the seed, and in the southern
states in the soil. It is probable that
the cold weather of the north checks
it to some extent, but this point has
not been conclusively demonstrated.

Disease and insect Pests Demand

Control.*The tubers from diseased
vines should not be used for seed, and
rotation of crops should be practiced.
Other crops which are attacked by
the disease should not be used in the
rotation.

Black Leg.

This is one of the severe diseases of
the potato which comes to us in seed,
and is the cause of heavy losses
throughout the state every year.

It is a bacterial disease and prob-
ably came to us from Europe. The
affected plants are under-sized and
very erect; the leaves are pale in color
and tend to curl upward. The stems
die from the seed piece upward, turn
black and become dry. The disease is
always much more severe on crops
grown from northern seed than on
crops grown from second crop seed.

The disease also causes a rotting of
the tubers, beginning at the point of
union with the plant and gradually
working inward. Tubers in which the
rot is well: advanced "may be“ mashed
and smeared over 'the’ sound tubers
and thus spread the disease. Very
slightly infected tubers are frequently
overlooked by the cutters.

die before the tubers have reached a.

market size.

Control.——Thr.ow out all seed tubers
that show evidence of the disease.
Treat the seed with formaldehyde or
corrosive sublimate.

Common Scab.

This is one of the most common and
best known of the potato diseases, and
yet one which is very generally neg-
lected by the growers. It varies from
a very slight russeting to pronounced
roughness. In extreme cases the tu-
bers are small and the roughness takes
the form of holes, Which are frequent-
ly one-sixteenth to one-fourth of an
inch deep.

The organism causing this disease
can be carried on the seed, in the dust
on healthy tubers, and in manure from
animals fed on diseased tubers; it will

spots and the reddish powder or spores
within the cankers. It is said to ‘be a.
very serious disease in Europe. It is
now known to exist in Canada, parts
of Maine and New York.

Dry Rot and Wilt.

This is a very Common and widely
distributed fungus disease of the po-
tato, and is frequently referred to as
“Fusarium' wilt” and “stem blight."
It can be recognized in the tuber by
the black discoloration starting at the
stem and just below the peel. This
disease causes a dry rot in the late
summer and fall and in winter stor«
age. In the field the diseased, plants
wilt and die prematurely, the stems
blacken and rot at the surface of the
ground, and are frequently covered
with a delicate white or pink fungus
growth.“ When the diseased stems are
cut across, the fibre-vascular bundles.
are found to be black and dead.
'Control.-—Throw out all seed that
shows black discoloration when out.
‘Use a five-year crop rotation for in-
fected fields.

Early Blight.

This is a very common and widely
distributed fungus which attacks both
potatoes and tomatoes and is frequent-
ly the cause of heavy losses. It ap-
pears as dark, grayish spots on the
leaves, within which delicate, black,
concentric circles are very frequently
formed. These spots increase in size,
and unite, forming irregular blotches

- and frequently destroying the entire

Heavy Toll from the Potato Fields.

also persist in the soil. It is most se-
vere in alkaline soils. and growers
should therefore avoid the use of lime,
wood ashes, soda and stable manure
on potato lands unless applied with
other crops in rotation. The disease
also occurs on beets, turnips and some
other plants.

Control.—(a) Select smooth seed:
(b) disinfect with formaldehyde or
corrosive sublimate; (c) plant in clean
soil following a green crop; (d) avoid
alkaline fertilizer; (e) do not plant on
infected soil for three to five years];
(f) do not use beets or turnips in the
crop‘ rotation; (g) =in severe cases
treat the soil with sulphur.

Powdery Scab.

This disease is quite different from
the common scab, but resembles it
somewhat. It is caused by a slime
mold and was probably introduced
from Europe. The spots are covered
when young, but when mature break
.into broWnish, powdery masses. It is
difficult for the inexperienced person

to distinguish this disease from "the '

common scan ‘ The most pronounced

~what-actors are a more or less regular
Usually-
plants from diseased seed pieces will-

arrangement of thersp‘ots iii-rowers
peeling back of the skin around the

leaf. The older spots become dry and
brittle. Flea beetles and other insects
carry the disease from plant to plant.
This disease is not apt "to be serious
on early planted fields but is usually
more severe on the late crop than on
the early. It is more severe on plants
that have been injured by Paris green
than 011 normal plants. It attacks the
plants that have been injured by tip
burn, and it is frequently difficult to
estimate the losses due to these tWo
causes. It is also more severe on to-
matoes than on potatoes.

Control. —Spray with Bordeaux mix-
ture or other good fungicide.

Late Blight.

This, one of the most destructive
diseases of the potato, is caused by a
fungus. It is common in northern po-
tato-growing districts and in the
mountainous districts of the southern
states. The new spots on the leaves
are large, appear water-soaked from
above and show a whitish sometimes '
pinkish, mildew growth on the lower
side. When mature they become dark
brown, dry and brittle. It is especial-
ly severe in cool, moist weather, fre-
‘quently causing the foliage to t and
blacken in a very few hours. also
causes a soft tuber rot in the fields
and a dry brown rot in storage.

The cut surface of diseased tubers
shows a rot causing a brownish, yel- "
lowish, or marble discoloration ”1.8133131.
amasv- ori'ginate‘ at my shit”
(Continued on page 888)”;8

‘t-

 


I N this connection we wish the'word‘

farmer to stand for the average

, man out on the land. A large class.

of progressive farmers appreciate al-
ready the value of pure- -bred live stock.
They have settled, the question for
themselves in the affirmative. They
would not think of returning to the old
, days in which they kept cattle of no

especial breeding. But the question is,
ShOuld the average man on the farm
get rid of his scrub cattle and put pure-
bred animals in their places?

Were we to consult him about it and
tell him 'of the success of the breeder
of pure- -bred live stock he would re-
spond that this man has plenty of mon-
ey. He is able to purchase cattle for
the foundation of his pure-bred herd.
He has money with which to supply
the necessary equipment and to pro-
vide the proper care and purchase the
necessary labor involved in the man-
agement of apure—bred herd'of a high
order. But, says the average farmer,
"we have no money with which to pur-
chase pure-bred cattle, few of us have
silos, our barns are poor and inade-
quate for the needs of such a herd,
and so, we must just scrub along from
year to yearns we have been doing.
We have gotten a living up to now and

dinary' mother and may develop into a
better cow- herself, or on the Other i

hand, she may be even poorer than the
mother that gave her birth. There is
absolutely no way to tell anything
about it. Hereditary tendencies are
so crossed and twisted in the average
scrub as to destroy each other to an
extent that makes improvement along
these lines even under the best meth-
ods of handling, a very discouraging
task.

If the pure-bred sire of splendid
breeding be introduced into a herd of
scrubs great improvement will result,
in factthis is where the improvement
in most cases should logically begin,
because pure-bred cattle of merit are
scarce and expensive and the average
farmer with a little money must begin
the work of improvement with the
smallest possible outlay of cash. But
every dairyman, every man who wish-
es to develop a herd of beef cattle or
to keep live stock for any purpose
should construct a breeders’ ideal at
the beginning. He may have to begin
with simply the pure-bred sire, but if
possible he should own one or two reg-
istered females, and he should be very
careful indeed about these pure-bred
heifers or cows that he purchases in

 

Ayrshire Cattle Are Popular

1 guess we shall continue to do so if
the prices of farm products continue
where they are.’ ‘
Pure-bred Cattle Best.

, But is this man right? Can the av-
erage farmer afford to retain his ordi-
nary cows when the added advantage
(if a pure-bred herd is considered? Do
the facts of scarcity of money and
poor and limited equipment justify
him in such a course, and once again,
‘ is the average farmer fitted to breed
and manage a pure-bred herd? If not,
may he be taught: to do so success.
fully?

There is no longer any question of
the superiority of pure- -bred cattle over
those of ‘no especial breeding. Ample
data has been secured to preve this
fact beyond any possible doubt and an
ever-increasing number of people out
on the farms are becoming conscious
of it. The time was when we had to
argue this question, the Objector would
say, "‘there are mfily purefbred Cattle
that are net worth keeping " He was
right, and such a statement would be

true even today; But there always

has been, an; there always mil be a
much larger number of scrub cattle
that do not pay for their? (1 endin'care.
The scrub cow alias

cestry nor hope in

in Many Dairying Localities.

the beginning. The danger is that the
man of small means will look for pure-
bred animals purchasable at a price
that he feels he can pay. And the anx-
iety 'to find something cheap will ob-
scure his vision of what a pure-bred
animal really should be if it is to be
made the foundation of a future herd.
. Breed Them Alike.

The importance of standardizing our
live stock is rapidly growing in the
public mind. It can~be accomplished
most easily and in the least possible
time through the farm bureau move-
ment and what we have to say about
it in the remainder of this article will
be said in connection with that agency.
The county agent will appoint a leader
in matters of live stock improvement
in every community in the county
where the interest will justify such ac-
tion. The next move will be to estab-
lish a uniformity of breeds. It is not
necessaryxthat a whole countyvshould
unite, upon (me breed offlc‘attle, but it
is desirable. to do so. always. ifsthe :peo-
ple can bemade-Jto see! alike." 0n the
other. hand, ‘itgis ;entirely impossible
to accomplish large things in breeding
where too many breeds are kept. If
all pure- -bred animals were of equal

_, merit. it would not matter, but this is
far from. being. true
~, .. move after we hays established our

The very next

. breed 13.1.0 besinvthe "weeding out of
‘ the poor annuals and. In; disposer the

..indiyiduals.; 191.. "real merit These two

‘linss of eflortvmnst continue just, as

long as wears 1n- the bmtmoss if we

ytvaregeingtosubeeed inlmtenem

, .. “”1”“... ..

5’ 1 \.
,3 . g .
i

- sibility for feeding the world.

 

 

The Standard
Oil Company

(Indiana)

and the Farmer

HERE is no general class of

men who understand so thor-

oughly, and appreciate so well,
the serv1ce rendered by the Standard
Oil Company (Indiana) as do the
farmers of the Middle West

Wherever he may live the farmer is
as familiar with the dark green tank
wagon as he is with the conveyance
which brings the mail carrier. He
knows that his requirements of petro-
leum products will be provided.

He depends upon the service ren-
dered by the Standard Oil Company
(Indiana), confident that the company
will deliver to him whatever products
he needs, when he needs them, and at.
a price which is fair.

During the past two or three strenuous years
the farmer of America has carried the respon-
Every hour of
every day he was busy, and every minute
was precious.

To multiply the effectiveness of his own and
his employes’ labor, he installed modern
equipment—tractors, trucks, cultivating and
harvesting machinery.

To run these machines gasoline, kerosene,
lubricating oils, and greases were absolutely
necessary. To get them the farmer would
have been forced to take hours of time going
to town were it not for the distributing facili—

. ties of the Standard Oil Company (Indiana).

The Company brought the products he
needed to the farm, even to the tractor in
the field

It is this kind of service which has brought
the farmer and the Company into such clOse
and suCh friendly relations. It is this kind
of service which emphasizes the usefulness
of the Standard Oil Company (Indiana) as a
public servant.

* Standard Oil Company

. (Indiana)
9-1910 S. Michigan Avenue, Chicago m.

1349

 


    

in a community breeds a certain breed
of cattle _he may continue for years
Without the discovery of a single ani-
" mat of unusual merit, but if ten’men
hare united upon a single breed some-
_ one is bound sooner or later to discov-
- or animals of great value. What is of
Still more importance, characteristics
will have been discovered that will as-
‘vsist in classifying families of merit in
the breed and the blood of these good
cattle will in a short time diffiuse itself
throughout the entire community. This
is a most telling, and indeed, an unan-
swerable argument for standardization
and for community breeding.
The County Agent Can Help.

The county agent through his live
stock man can begin this work in
practically every progressive commu-
nity. Such action lies at the begin-
ning. of all true progress in live stock
improvement. With the community or-
ganized to breed a particular breed let
us turn our attention now to these
men of small means and poor equip-
ment. They have read farm papers
for years, they have attended dairy
meetings and farmers’ institutes, and
from these sources they have gotten

    
  
  
 
   
 
  
   
  
 
   
    
    
  
 
   
   
   
   
   
     
   
   
    
   
 
   
   
   
  
    
     
  
 
  
      
  
   
  
   
 
   
  
   
  
   
   
 
  
    
   
     
   
   
 
   
  
   
   
     
   
  
   
 
   
  
 
  
   
  
    
   
  
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
  
  
      
 
 

V» the top shelf in dairy produc-
tion. It is now time to reach down and
help lift the milk can up to her level.”
This was the key note of the thirty-
fourth annual meeting of the Holstein-
Friesian Association of America, held
at Philadelphia, June 2—6. There will

. be no abatement of effort to further
increase the individual milk and but-
ter-fat production of the Holsteins, but
the breeders appreciate that the future
of dairying depends as well on the
greatest profitable consumption of milk
and its products, and the next great
efiort of the association must be in pro-
moting greater production through
measures which will educate the pub-
lic to the food value of dairy products.

There were about one thousand en-
thusiastic breeders in attendance from
all parts of the country. The routine
business was well systematized, and
association reports were adopted and

_ new business transacted in the ses-
sions of a single day. The rest of the
time was fully occupied by the various
entertainment features provided by
the Pennsylvania Holstein Breeders’
Association, and by the International
sale of Holstein cattle.

Reports of Officers.

President D. D. Aikens, of Michigan,
in his annual. address, made an inter
esting review of the history of the
Holstein breed in this country. Penn-
sylvania was one of the first states to
take up the breeding of pure-bred Hol<
steins. The first importation into the
state was in 1868, by the Doylestown
Agricultural & Mechanics’ Institute, in
Bucks county. Among the first pure-
bred herds in the state were those de-
veloped by M. Gihney and William
Steckel, of Bucks county; D. D. Tra-
cey, of Erie county; ‘Edward Huide-
koper, of Crawford county, and Wm.
M. Singerly, of Philadelphia county.
Coming down to the present condition.
‘ of. the association, the president re-

ported that the number of life members
- has been increased by three thousand
this past year; that returns from ad-
,mission of new-members for the year
ambunted to $79,950; that the net sur-
plus for rule year amounts to $116,800.-
091; “fie skewed the increasing cost of
” ation as a society and advocated
NI increase in the transfer fee of twen-
, , *-cents for members and fifty
for nonmembers. He advocated:

   
    
   
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  

 

 
 

  

much good, but up to now they have
lacked the human touch that the farm
bureau movement brings to them. nut
some afternoon during the winter the
county agent meets the live stock man
and his neighbors and heart to heart
they talk matters over. These men
with no siloes find out how they can
obtain them at least cost and resolve
to do so. A breeders’ association is
formed and splendid sires are purchas-
ed under the advice of the county
agent and almost before they know it
these pepole are on the way with rapid
strides toward live stock improvement.
Some good pure-bred" heifers are locat-
ed and purchased by the more prosper.
ous farmer of the community and one
or two men of small means borrow the
money and invest it in pure-bred heif-
ers and thus the community gets a
start. .
Problems of equipment and food
are discussed from time to time and
the community ideal grows always un-
der the watchful care of this, new sup-
erintendent of agriculture, the county
agent. By and by a cow- -testing asso-
ciation is formed, it is then that the
weeding process begins in earnest. No

the Extension Service of the Associa-
tion; advocated a complete census of
Holstein cattle of the country; adver-
tising of the food value of dairy pro-
ducts and careful safeguards for the

one interested in live stock improve?
ment can read the history of these‘as-

sociations without ever-increasing en-’

thusiaSm. I have never known an in-'
stance where a cow-testing association
ran for three consecutive years and
butter-fat production did not increase
by leaps and bounds. Such increase
is simply the logical result of this
movement. The gathering of definite
facts on a particular dairy is certain
to bring about more economical pro-
duction.
Working Up in the Game.

Every farmer who keeps live‘ stock

at all should look forward to the day

in which he shall be the owner of a,

pure-bred herd. In brief, this is the
program—first the county agent, next
the organization of the community to
this end, then the introduction of the
pure-bred sire of the one breed agreed
upon, followed by the purchase of as
many pure-bred heifers as can be pur.
chased under the circumstances. Fre-
quent community meetings in which to
consider local problems unite the
individuals in a common vision and a.

common purpose, then by and by the

cow-testing association accOmplishes

The secretary, F. L. Houghton, re-
ported total registrations for the year
at 90, 887 as compared with 88,279 for
the preceding year. Total certificates
issued for the fiscal year ending 1919

 

 

ANY methods have been

proposed for getting rid of
quack grass. Some farmers are
very sure that the only way to
get rid of it is tcrsell the farm.
That is at least a way to pass it
on. Others who are not willing
to leave the farm believe that
the only thing to do is to dig up
every root and burn it. To do
this they will go to a very heavy
expense for labor. I have heard
a college professor advocate cov-

during the growing season. One
season would be sufficient to
smother the stuff! Yes, we
would’certainly hope so.

Many farmers have demon.
strated the feasibility of summer
fallowing. This is all right, pro-
vided one can spare the ground,
has time to do the necessary
work and, the Season is dry. The
objections to this system are
that, as stated, the use of the
ground is lost, it requires a lot
of work and the weather must
be rather dry. In addition to
these objections it has been
found by soil experts that sum-
mer fallowing is hard on land.
This is due to a condition which
is not yet well understood by .
most farmers. Soil bacteria
which convert plant foods into
available form multiply .most
rapidly and do most work in a
well cultivated soil. To make '
plant food available for the tiny
rootlets to absorb it must be sol- '
ilble in water. ‘

Hence it‘is that if the ground
is kept. bare and well cultivated
that every rain carries off in pur-
face drainage on in Ieachage
quantities of plant food. Some
insist that summer fallowing. is

 

Ir- P'"
l

 

 
 

 

. 1»
a: '1»:

Getting Rid of tie Quack

. is simple» and has all the points

ering the ground with tar paper -

i system of eradication is'that the ‘
‘ very

‘ turned into humus. This alone' '

as hard on land as a crop of
grain.
Smother Method.

A friend of mine told me once
that he would rather have a
piece of heavy quack grass sod
for potaotes than to have a piece
of clean ground. I laughed at
him. But I have since learned
to respect his statement. The
method of handling the ground

which are against summer fal-
lowing in its favor. Here it is.
Before the ground is plowed go
onto it with a sharp disk. Disk
it in five diflerent directions. ,
This will cut the quack roots
into short pieces. Then with a
good jointer on the plow turn
the soil as much as eight inches
deep. You will observe that the
quack grass roots will be plac-
ed in the bottom of the furrow
and covered with three to six
inches of soil. .Harrow lightly
and plant to corn, potatoes or
other hoed crop and cultivate in
the usual manner. If desired a
crop of buckwheat and seeding
of sweet clover will do the trick
about as well as a cultivated
crop.

This system will pesitively put
the quack under control and if
done well will eradicate it com?
pletely, at the same time permit-
ting one to grow a profitable
crop on the ground while. the .
killing is going on. ‘

One of the advantages of this

large: quantity 'of “heavy “
roots is kept inthe ground and

is worth a good many dollars per
acre to the farmer. .
'. I. B Mthm'mr. -. “E

 

 

   

Johns’

the weeding out of undesirable animals ’

and retention of those of real merit.

'Such a course will make practically
every farmer in the community who
keeps cows a breeder of pure-bred
animals. in time. Who can estimate
the value of such a program to a rural
community?

What may it not mean in the pro-
gress of soil improvement, in added

home comforts and conveniences in

rural homes? In better educational

privileges for country boys and girls,
in adequate rural social centers? for

young and old, in the reviving of the
rural church, and in sort, in all lines
of desirable improvement out in the
open country. Again we ask, who can
measure the advantages of such a pro-
gram? These are possible because im-.
proved live stock means largely in-
creased. profits on one hand, and on
the other that marvelous intellectual
and ethical growth which always
comes to individuals singularly or col-
lectively when they catch a new and
splendid vision, form a great purpose
and then devote their muscle, their
minds, and their hearts to its accom»
plishment.

Holstein Breeders at Philadelphia

E have put the Holstein cow on a greater support and development of validity of all the Holstein pedigrees.

amounted to 189,350, as compared with
180,744, for 1918, and 150,456 for 1917.
The total cash receipts for the year
amounted to $320,237.36. The total
cash disbursements for the year were
$189,916.34, leaving an excess for the
year of $130,321.02.
By.Laws Amended.

The by-laws of the association were
amended to establish reciprocal rela-
tions with the Holstein-Friesian Asso-
ciation of Canada. A reciprocal agree-
ment between the two bodies was
adopted makingvit possible to import
cattle from one country to the other
on the registration certificate of the
exporting country. Another amend-
ment makes the transfer fees for mem-
bers fifty cents when bred within six
months of date of sale. and $1 after
the six-months period. For non-mem-
bers the fees are to be $1 and 82 be-
fore and after the six months’ period.
A third amendment adopted increased
the number of directors of the associa—.
tion to sixteen. Still another amend~
ment adopted provides that no cow
shall be eligible to compete for prize
money in the 305—day class unless she
shall produce a calf within fourteen
months after the previous calving.

Food Value of Dairy Products.
Considerable time was given to the
discussion of the food value of dairy
products, and methods of advertising
milk and its products. The leading
contribution to the subject was the
address by Dr. E. V. McCollum, of
Hopkins 'University, .on the

“NeWer Knowledge of Nutrition.”

Election of Officers.

In the election of officers, Hon. D. D.

Aitken, of Michigan, was re-elected as
president.
Senator J. M. Hackney, of St. Paul.
vice- -;presideiit F. L. Houghton, secre-
I‘t‘ary and editor; Wing R. smith, of Sy-
‘racuse, New York,- treasurer.
,loWing new directors were eleceted:
. Four-year
'French, of Iowa, James A. Reynolds,-

. of Ohio, and R. J. Schaefer, of Wiscon-
sin; three- year term, Fred F. Field. of ,
.Massachusetts; John A. Bell, Pennsyb ,
;vania.; F.- L Morris, California; Dr. 8.:
.. B. Davis. Nebraska, and H F. Duncan:
., Delaware. H; W. Norton, of Michigan;

Other oflicers chosen were'

The fol-

term, Colonel G. watson

.-‘

 

8

f
—I'

land C C. Schrobe, of Minnesotaflmw . ‘
elected. for twp-year terms St.- has! ’

    

;
1

'was unanimously chosen as mom-11 f .,
for next year’s meeting, i "

  

 

 

 

 

 

 
 
    
    
     
       
        


   

 

 

 

 

 

 
    

  
  

 

 

 

HE extremely hot weather of
the last few days of May and
the first of June is pushing veg—
station forward at a very rapid rate. I
never remember seeing corn germinate
so quickly and grow so rapidly as it
has in/the last few days. With proper
tillage to conserve moisture this ought
to be a good corn year because corn
will certainly get a good start. This
weather, however, is not particularly
beneficial to some crops. It is forcing
clover meadows along too rapidly;
that is, the clover is maturing and it
is not going to get the growth that it
would have with less heat and a little
more moisture these last few days.
Clover fields are beginning to show
blossoms .where only two weeks ago
they seemingly had just nicely started,
and the hay must be cut at the proper
stage of maturity in order to have it
contain the highest food value. Clo~
ver hay ought to] be out earlier than a
great many people out it, They wait
until it is all blossomed out and many
of the heads brown before they begin
haying, but this is too late to get hay
of the highest quality. Besides that,
if the meadow is not out until that
time the second crop usually is light,
and at the present price of red clover
seed it will pay to take a little extra
pains this year to cut the crop early
so that we can get a good second crop
to be saved for seed.

Many people argue against too early
cutting of clover hay because it takes
too long to cure it. It is a fact that
it does require longer to cure the hay
but if the preper system is used it can
be handled very nicely. This early out
clover hay Should be partially, even
largely, cured in the cock. I don’t be-
lieve it is policy to attempt to cure it
in the windrow and haul it directly
into the barn. Unless we should have
extremely dry. hot weather during that
time'it would be almost impossible to'
reduce the moisture content so that it
would not heat in the mow.

If, however, just as soon as the crop

'is in the best condition to cut it is all

mowed down, raked, up as soon as
nicely wilted,t‘and put in cocks to cure,
it can be successfully cured and I be-
lieve that the labor and expense of
haying will be less than it would if
one attempted to cure it in, the win-
drow. In the first place, when the hay
is ready to be cut it ought to be cut as
quickly as possible. I have noted be--
fore 'now where a man had quite a
large acreage of clover hay to cut that
where he began the haying the second

Lillie Farmstead Notes

house in Columbus. It is already prom-

growth was very line, he had got a
good stand for seed, but it took so
long to do this haying that by the
time the clover was all cut, it was so
late there was scarcely any growth at
all on that portion cut last. Now, if
it had all been cut at once and cocked
up the second crop would all come on
together— and the man would have got
out of this land more than he would
by practicing the other method.

Then, too, one can make more of a
business of haying if he will cut it all
down and put it in cocks than where
you only cut a small amount and try
to cure it in the windrow. There is

so much time lost in changing the men .

from one job to another. If the weath-
er is wet you cannot hay it at all;
they must work forenoons at some-
thing élse and then cut hay just a lit-
tle while in the afternoons, but if it is
all cut at the proper time. and put into
the cock when it is ready to go into
the barn a business can be made of
hauling hay just as you can of hauling
wheat out of the shock and men can
make better time at this work. You
will have secured a better quality of
hay at less expense and you will stand
a much better chance of getting a good
crop.
‘Combination Ensilage.

This year we are going the combina-
tion one better. We are not only mix-
ing soy beans with the corn but also
mixing/sunflower seeds with the corn.
Something must be done to secure a
larger bulk of ensilage because we
didn’t have enough last year to car-
ry us through. Of course, we raise
sweet corn for the canning factory so
the ears are picked OE and hauled to
the factory and this makes quite a lit-
tle difference in the amount of ensil-
age. The soy beans help out some and
now if we can grow sunflowers along
with the corn this should increase the
amount of feed secured. I have never
tried this before but I have read of ex-
periments made by practical farmers
and I shall note the results with very
much interest. C. C. L.

‘ BIG omo WOOL POOLS.

The Ohio Sheep and Wool Growers’
Association, which was recently organ-
ized, has just opened its new ware-

ised a large percentage of Ohio’s wool
crop, for members have pledged two
and a half million pounds. The asso-
ciation handles the wool for a nominal
charge under a somewhat similar ar-
rangement as has been perfected by
growers in Illinois and Iowa.

 

  

 

Buy roofing
by the year-

and this means extra labor and
to the cost of your roof.

Isn’t this the right way to"

Everlastic M ulti—Shingles (4-in-One)
Made of high-grade felt thoroughly water-proof-
ed and surfaced with crushed slate in beauti-
ful natural slate colors. either red or green. Laid
in strips of four shingles in one at far less cost
in labor and time than for wooden shingles. Gives
you a roof of artistic beauty worthy of the
finest buildings. and one that resists fire and
weather. Needs no painting.

Everlastic Tyhke Shingles
Made .of the same durable slate—surfaced (red or
green) material as Everlastic Mum-Shingles but
cut into individual shingles. 81123/4 inches. Laid
like_wooden shingles but cost less per year of
service. Need no painting.

Price per roll is not all of roofingr cost.
generally turn out to be very expensive, for even a small leak
may do many dollars’ worth of damage.

 

 

 
  
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  

“Bargain” roofings

Poor roofings soon wear out and need patching or renewal

expense which must be added

Barrett Everlastic Roofings will last for years, because they
‘ are made of high-grade water—proofing materials that make
them weather-proof and extremely durable.

Figure out your roofing costs on the basis of service instead of the
cost per roll and you will find that a Barrett Everlastic Roof £05”
[£55 per year of service than cheaper roofings that cost less per roll.

buy a roof?

Everlastic “Rubber” Roofing

A recognized standard among "rubber”roofings.
Famous for its durability. Made of high-grade
water-proofing materials. it defies wind and
weather and insures dry. comfortable building:
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Everlastic Slate-Surfaced Roofing

A high-grade roll roofing, surfaced with gen-
uine crushed slate in two natural shades. red
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W rite for free booklet: today

New York Chicago " Philadelphia Boston

St. Louis Cleveland Company Cincinnati Pittsburgh
Detrmt New Orleans . Birmingham Kansas City
Minneapolis Dallas Nashvflle Salt Lake City Seattle Peoria Atlanta

- Duluth Milwaukee Bangor Washington Toledo Johnstown Lebanon
Youngstown Columbus Richmond Latrobe Bethlehem Elizabeth Buffalo Baltimore
THE BARRETT COMPANY, Limited: Montreal Toronto Winnipeg Vancouver
St. John, N. B. Halifax. N. S. Sydney. N. S.

 

 

 

 
 
 
 
 

 

 

 

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Strong and Durable

Five Years’ Successful Service
for Satisfied Owners
Our FREE CATALOG and Suggestions for

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Cincinnati Works: 612 Gwynne
Bldg., Cincinnati, Ohio

 

 

 

 

  

 

Our Service

> Department

 

fl.

 

  

   
 

 
  

' this down in the spring

 

 

SEPARATGR MILK FOR PIGS.»

 

'Is separated milk better for pigs
when fed sweet or when allowed to
- soprl—Subscriber.

There is no difference in the feeding
value. However, if the milk was al-
lowed to become sour, it might cause
bad results in feeding it to the young
pigs, as it might have a tendency to
cause indigestion and scours.

. I would suggest, however, that the
. milk be fed the same all of the time,
xas a change from one to the other is

“likely to cause digestive disprders and

not give as good results as if fed the
same all of the time. If the milk can
.be fed sweet from the separator, I
would by all means advise it be that
:way. W. M. K.

:GLlrlE METHOD OF INOCULATION.

 

Kindly advise me how to use the
glue method of inoculating. Is it meet-
ing with success?

Branch Co. C. D. S.

The glue method of inoculating al-
falfa seed is meeting with considera‘
ble success in many localities. It is
well worth trying, even-though one in-
joculates the soil in the field at the
same time.

The common practice in inoculating
alfalfa soil is to dig up inoculated soil
where thrifty alfalfa or sweet clover
plants with nodules on the roots have

I3

 

 

 

one d. cent h adv-nu

willaon you any size Mn-

lostlc° Cream Separator Provo :5
com parloon with even “about pair:

make: that tltbuno coco-l No-d molt;

no 0.0 D.; no references.

11!.me missile

Ski ms to the last on “"3?

et 99 99- 100 per cent cream. 8
5a: onetime! service. t

:- scone whya youn sh old it
Wondeorful bargain nsI fgrmengge:
equipment all on our famous no-

(it was. mm.

editlflsn.
"‘— “a”

r- '
2.53%.;

'3, ”IE-fl.)-

 

Get These

    

  

Biased
m

Ill mo
m
M Id
“I rials
[ah this

 
    
 
 
 
 
 
     

Walt- at Lem ”whys“- Sandwfc h hole.
2 to tum-n” tone coxtrs labor
° W" E In" ”mm % 'Iditltmu'fi"

no l‘l 0 0 n-
315:3" and" look”. on $0825 :lou'e profit par

     
 
   
 

you 'I
m mm Motor Pam

”or lot
boo-Is tub ~ \ \.
3%, summer: ”amiss?! new.

mum...
nlhlh clot-1:.”
$131; firnpm N BH ok
0! no 0
and full details
SANDWICH
' Wood

Sui-id to enough

T031139" innume-
IRANUl'AcealHNO C0,:

Oll.‘
.“OIL "ENGII‘

 

(

   

 

 

 

been growing. Powder this soil and dry
it out in the basement or some other
"shady place. Two or three quarts of
the finely powdered dirt to each bush-
el of seed is about right.

Make a thin glue solution by dis-
solving one handful of furniture glue
in a gallon of boiling water. After the
solution is cold, sprinkle enoughof it
over the seed to moisten it slightly,
but not enough to wet it. Then sprin‘
kle the inoculated dust over the moist
seed and stir thoroughly, and spread
the seed out to dry. The glue method
of inoculation has proved quite ef-
fective.

Commercial culture for inoculating
alfalfa and other legumes can be pur-
chased at almost any seed store. They
are very effective and quite conven-
ient. However, the cost generally is
several dollars per acre. The most
effective method of all, but the most
bothersome, is to spread four or five
hundred pounds of inoculated dirt over
each acre of land to be put to alfalfa.

SEEDING A MARSH T0 PERMA-
NENT PASTURE.

 

What is the best method of seeding
for a. permanent pasture, a well-drain
ed marsh of five or six acres. It has
had three crops to corn and one to
barley and is clean, smooth and no sod.
Which, if any, nurse crop is needed, as
millett, rye, oats or barley, and if to
be sown at same time with seeding.
The entire marsh will be covered with
barnyard manure and ground-rolled as
soon as seed is sown. I want marsh
for pasture the coming season and to
remain for pasture for cows as long
as it will be profitable.

Hillsdale Co. M. J. D.

It is proper to fit this land as soon
as possible. (Make a firm, fine seed-
bed and seed heavilywith a mixture
of grasses. Really, the more grasses
you- mix together the better perma-
nent pasture you will have, and an-
other very importantpoint is to Seed
very thickly so as to get a heavy sod
as soon as possible. The seeds recom-

' mended for moist land and timothy,

'whlte clover, alsike, common red clo-
ver, sweet clover, June grass, meadow
fleeces. radian and orchard staun-
mm peofio' W “cm pout

 

. quite severely.

.to the, hill?

of seed per acre which would seem an
unusual amount, and yet when we un-
dersta’ndthat what we are after in a
permanent pasture is to get a perma-
nentsod as soon as possible, we want
to-get a thick sod. These seeds can
be mixedvin a greatmany different pro-
portions and it would make but little
difference. The lighter seeds, like or-
chard grass, red-top, can be sown sep-
arately as they would not mix well
with the heavier seeds.

It is not advisable to pasture a new
sod for permanent pasture the first
season. Much of the young grass is
trampled to death before it gets well
established; some of it is actually
pulled up when the stock attempts to
bite it off and the pasture is injured
It would be better to
simply clip this once or perhaps if 1it

developed sufficiently to take off a crop

and use it for hay and not pasture it
to amount to anything until next
spring. Of course, calves or some oth-
er light stock may be turned on the
latter portion of the season but you
will have a, pasture that will be more
profitable if you defer pasturing it the
first season. C. C. L.

MATING BREEDING PENS.

 

How soon should I pen my cocks
with pullets to have the eggs fertile?
How long would you advise me to wait
to save eggs for hatching after you
have them penned?

Branch Co. I. B.

About fifteen days after the birds
are mated the dealer will be very
safe in saving eggs for hatching pnr~
poses. Some experiments have proven
that the first egg laid after a mating
is usually infertile and then, with no
more matings, the eggs will continue
fertile for eight or ten days. If the
males have been mixed in the breed-
ing pens, it is safest to wait two or
three weeks before saving eggs for
hatching or the eggs may show the ef-
fect of the previous matings. There-
fore if the hens have not been with
other males, the eggs will be all right
for use within a few days after the
pens are mated. If they have been
with other males and breeding with a.
certain male is desired, it will pay to
wait the two or three weeks to be sure
that the eggs will be of guaranteed
purity. R. G. K.

B EAN GROW ENG.

 

Would like a. little information on
bean growing, from the preparation of
the soil to the harvesting of the crop.
Also, answers to the following ques-

tions: 1. What quantity of seed to
the acre? 2. Distance apart in rows
and hills? 3. Is hill or drill planting

preferable? 4. If in hills, how many
5. What would be a fair
yield to expect per acre? 6. Will 'the
beans do fairly well on lean ground,
being a sort of sandy’ loam that failed
to catch with clover, having been sown
last spring? 7. What would be the
best substitute for hay on spring—plow-
ed sod of sandy loam nature? W'ould
oats and peas sown together answer
the purpose? 8. Is the navy bean
considered a good yielder? Also, what
is your advice about sowing buckwheat
on loam ground?

Menominee Co. - H. L.

It is a mistaken idea. to think that
you can grow a good crop of beans on
poor land. I am aware that there is
an- old saying that, when. one wants to
designate how poor land. is, to say “it
won’t grow white beans," but this is
misleading. Neither beans nor any
other crop will grow well and produce
a good yidd unions the land infertile
That is the m of all prosperous
taming—fertile lopd. Hunts most
have plenty of not and. besides. the

any kind of soil in the state of Michi-

Soine 0f the best bean growers In
this state prepare for the bean Crop by
covering a clover and during the win-
ter with stable manure and plowing
Here you see
good, fertile land which is indicated by
having a, good clover sod. Now, this
is covered with good stable manure ’
and plowed down. That is one of the
best preparations that one can have '
for beans _or most any crop. Of course,
we don’t always have the clover sod.
We don’t always have the stable ma-
nure and then we must do the best-we
can under our conditions. Fairly good
fertile land under favorable conditions
will produce a good crop 'of beans :but
not a big one. Any good land, if it is
properly prepared, especially if it.~has
a good application of commercial fer-
tilizers, ought to produce a crop of
beans that would be worth while.
Beans are not usually planted until
after corn planting time. They are
very easily injured by frosts the last
of May or the first of June up to the
tenth and even later. We should plant
them, if possible, so as to avoid late
frosts in the Spring and get them in
early enough so they mature before
the early frosts of fall.

The land - can be fall-plowed or
spring-plowed. If it is to be plowed in
the spring the safest way is to plow
it early and then cultivate the land oc-
casionally, destroying the weeds, con-
serving the moisture, until planting
time; but we cannot always do this,
sometimes it is close to planting time
before we get time to plow for beans.
There is more risk in this because if
the weather should turn dry there is
apt not to be moisture enough to get
the beans to start.

Beans are almost invariably grown
in drills. They can be planted With a.
common grain drill, sowing three rows
at a. time. One bushel of good seed
per acre is about the right amount.
Beans should not be covered too deep
ly. There are attachments to be used
on the three teeth of the drill for
planting beans that will govern the
depth fairly well so that the beans are
not planted too deep. After the beans
are planted they should be cultivated
and cared for much like corn.. The
thing to do is not to allow any weeds
to grow and not to allow any crusts to
form which will cause the evaporation
of moisture. Beans grow in midsum-
mer and if the weather is exceedingly
dry many crops are cut short from
this fact, so that anything we can do
to conserve the moisture us'ually pays
well. Of course, in a wet season the
mositure problem does not bother.

The navy field bean is considered
the best bean to grow. The yield of
beans varies with the season and with
the. soil. The extremes are great—
from five to seven bushels per, acre
up to thirty-five bushels per acre, A
sandy loam soil is considered about
the best soil for this crop.

A Substitute for Hay.

I know of no better substitutefor
clover hay than peas and oats sown
together early in the spring and har.
vested befdre they get ripe. The prop-
er time to cut is when the oats are in
the milk and the pods of the peas are
just nicely) formed, before the peas de-
velop. Cure them the same as you
wbuld clover hay.

Buckwheat can be grown upon most

  

   
 

   
  

 
      
 
 
      
  

 
   
    
   
  
  

 

 

 

 

 

 

gan. Like other crops, it does better
on good soil that is rich, but it--.will
grow almost anywhere. C. C. L.

   

 

 

Supplies of hogs in Gemsnyare
less than half of what they were be-
fore the war. A census taken in 'De-
camber, 1913, Showed a total of“;
081,000 hogs, comparing with 25. 692,000
in 1913. Bowlers of cattle were :17,- , ‘
333% “gm“ fiWWM”? ' ‘
cumulus with W a dig: a

     
        
     
       
      
       
      
      
        


  
  

 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 

 

=w~s=gnw ~

 

 
 

 

  
  
 
  

\WW‘M" .. - , _... . -.. 1 .A ,0. . _ 1. .
. '_ g, (5,, W. ..J 1

  

 

what is the real purpose of doing this

work. Two things are in view when.

cultivating. First, to stir the, soil, and,
second, to destroy any. weeds that may
grow in the rows. Neither of these
things can be fully accomplished un-
less the corn is planted in checks, so
that we can cultivate it both ways.

1 The makers of all up—to-date culti-
vators very wisely make them adjust-
able, so that the teeth can be widened
or brought together as the nature of
the case demands. But a great many
men, especially those who do not give

, the matter the attention they should,

rarely move the lever adjusting the
width of the teeth. They set the ma-
chine in one place, usually much too
narrow, and there they leave it. The
result is that while they make a few
scratches down through the middle of
the rows, they do not loosen up the
soil near the‘hills of corn, neither do
they remove the weeds and grass that
grow close up to the hills and so the
work is by no means well done.

Now, the crop we get depends in a
great measure upon the way the culti-
vating is done. A poorly cultivated
field will not, it .cannot, produce as
much corn as one that is taken care of
properly. So this is the thing for us
to do. Every time we go through the
corn, work to get the outside teeth of
the cultivator as close up to the rows
as can be and not root out the plants.
If we do stir up some of the small
fibrous roots farthest from the stalk,
this will notdo any particular damage.
The good done will offset any injury
thus done. And if we go both Ways,
throwing the cultivator over as de-
scribed, and especially if we go back
in the same row in the same way. we
will find but little grass or weeds left

and we will have stirred the earth

thoroughly near the corn plants.
E. L. V.

 

KEEPING GROWS OUT OF CORN

 

GREAT deal of the loss suffered

annually because of destruction of-

newly planted corn by' crows and bur-
rowinganimals can be avoided if prop-
er methods are used, according to
Prof. J. 14‘. Cox, of the farm crops de-
partment at M. A. C. While Professor
Cox believes that the crow comes in
for more than his share of blame for
corn “pulling,” g he recommends treat-
ment of the seed as a protection.
That some crows are worse corn de-
stroyers than others has been proved.

Certain of the birds seem to pull out '

corn for the love of the work, long af-
ter their appetite has been satisfied,
while the majority do really very little
damage.
rauders Professor Cox recommends
the use of a reliable shot gun.
Scarecrows and other devices to

- frighten the birds away are alloeflec-

tive in a measure. Hanging dead crows
around the field is one of the best
methods. Treatment of the seed to

make it unpalatable is' the most effec:

tive measure known, however, the fol-
lowing being recommended as a good
practice:

Put the seed corn in a tight vessel,
moisten it with warm water, and stir
in about two tablespoonsful of coal tar

.to' each bushel of seed. After draining

the tarred corn thoroughly to remove
any water remaining free, add ashes.
land plaster, road dust, or any similar
material to absorb surplus tar and pre-
vent the seed from being sticky; or
better, after draining. spread the corn
on a hard floor or similar surface and

I let it remain two or three days, when

nines;- no dust win he 1111011". The

3101111911191”:

right way and a wrong Way to 0111—
‘ tivate corn. Th’oso who take the wrong

V way damn I am sure, stop to think

 

 

    
 
  
  
   
  

  
   
   
 

   
 

E11513. gHelfi Wand High

Wages or —-

THE old way oil‘cutting corn by handi
was :the 'nightmarergof the farmer It
meant a big force .9f menma big expensel
and gruelling, slow, irksome work. It was
[not always possible t6! get the men need-
led“; But times have changed. \The old
way- has stepped aside for the new, better,
easier way K

cut the/corn smftly and neatly when the
sweet, nutritious juices which make the
fodderW/fl ‘‘‘‘‘
lblades. ,

‘/‘\_

McCormick and ,Déering corn binders are
(lean- built, sturdy. compact and easy running.
They have sufficient traction to operate success-
fully in the loose ground in the cornfield, and

_' :cut readily the toughest- -fibered cornstalk. One
of these machines drawn by a tractor or three
good horses,a tWO-man outfit, will harvest from
five to seven acres a day, cutting and binding
[the whole crop in neat, convenient bundles.

The many unusual features of these machines]
that are responsible for their time and labor-
saving qualities will be shown you by a nearby
International dealer, or you can getw~ full informa~

,tion by writing the address below.

 

  

 

 

 

. Mowers Side Deliver Rakes

  
   
 

The run Line o1 humans '
Harvester‘Quality Machines

,Grain Harvesting Machined ‘ , '7. i

Binders Push Binders ) . 1
Headers \J Rice Binders -
Harvester-Thrashers Reapers ,
Shockers “M Threshers 3

flame—lgplemenu 5 i
. Disk Harrows .
Tractor Harrows\ , 1,

Spring Tooth Barrows: l

" Pe -Tooth Harrows \ /
Orchar Harrows Cultivators

Planting and Seedmg' Machines, _ - -
Corn Planters .. Corn Drills
Grain Drills Broadcast Seeders 1
Alfalfa and Grass Seed Drills '

Fertilizer and Lime Sowers . .

       
 

Hnying Machine. \- J

Comb. Side Rakes & edders
Teddeis Loaders (Allt pes)
Baling Presses akes
Sweep Rakes \ - Stackers
Comb. Sweep Ra'kes & Stackers

Bunchers ‘ "" \

Belt Machine. ‘

Ensilage Cutters Corn Shellers
Huskers and Shredders
Hay Presses Stone Burr Mills

Thrashers -- Feed Grinders i
"'"-\\Cream Separators /’ " ' '
J‘Powei: Machines. ‘,
KerOsene Engines _-- I I
Gasoline Engines l
Kerosene Tractors \ ,
M\ Motor Trucks. " 1
MotorCultivatdrsJ
[Corn Machineol ”
masters ' \Motor Cultivators
Drills fl / Ensilage Cutters

Cultivators Binders Pickers ;
Shellers H usker~Shredders

., Barr; Equipment

Cream Separators (Hand)
Cream Separators (Belted)
Kerosene Engines
MotorTrucks GasolineEnginos

Other F arm Equipment. ‘ l,

1‘ Manure Spreaders
Straw Spreading Attachment
Farm Wagons Stalk Cutters r .
Farm Trucks Knife Grinders ‘ '

 

 

 

 

Tractor Hitches Binder Twine

 

 

 

1
\
\

International Harvester Company] " ' “ A

of America, Inc.

I -.

/

i * @11qu “S- if”

flffl

SK , g z®
w —’“_’/ n _,

. __...__.-.._._-.____.

 

For these occasional man-

_ the expense of an

, N 118111: law. gnu for either 1

(SQHEUNEMW :1: c9-

HAY IT ALONE
ONE
MAN
HAY
RACK

You work no
harder and save

 

 

 

 

 

 

,<;&\i"/?a‘\;

HOW IT WORKS

1 Front 11311 of rack M
over rear half where 133133351132“ locks

2. 'rrippflno a lever at the standard permigg the as it Rafi not tangled.

“"8 man.

 

lOperator remains on load until it is com-
loaded on this rack mows away easily

loaded move forward b ravi
whereitillockodatthefrontoibo’x. g ”

3.1113 operator than loads the roar half.

NOTE THESE FEATURES
Bockmybeusodon any wagon box of

Rock being flat it is suited to every Job that
boy racks are useful for.

One man can put on as large loads as two
men with the old style rack.

The price of the rack and box complete, is
000r rack on Ill-Woo f.o b. New
or 16 foot lengths.

For uranium hustle a’postcard to
New‘ Haven, Mich.

One can use either slings or fork.

 

 

'B'mder'l'wine

Make Money $.23?

A few counties open for resident farmers, as exclu-
sive selling representatives for high- grade line of Star-
0-line Bu ding products. Liberal arrangements {or
men who are well known in their locality and enjoy
the confidence of their neighbors. No capital invest-
ment required Write for full particulars. Addren

lulldlng Supply Department M-IOO
Whlto Star Roflninu Go. D or” II. ”loll.
Ianutacturors Extro- Quality Motor Oil and Star —-0 line Products

“Fodder‘Sweot Corn” $.00}?

01 46 pounds. Ian extra We. Cor-Inflo- 30%
YOUNG-RANDOLPH SEED 00., 0010880, “ICI—

 

 

Binder'l'winesma
Curbed!” “

100 undo,
$2003-?- gtleuplzpound. Order 1101..

ammonia 11111.;oomv.u11m_u'= .

CARPENTER MIMI I30.
31,11; CARI-DADS gong Ydiddl'i‘ngam
BATTLE CREEK. MICHIGAN

‘-

MICHIGAN GROWN SEEDS

foerohlann rowers. Ask forcatal Ha "VI-3.302
cod-man, Ugo-119 E.Ottawa 8t” Longising, Miohiann’

 

 

dinette
with! hula-Mn has

at none-tor.

 

Get our In 1919
“1211.3. DW
THEO. UBT a SONS, elm “b .

 

hater very ' ’

 

      


  

 

  
  

 
 

5...

Don’t be Held Up this Year Waiting for the Silo-Filling Crew.
Have Your Own Machine and do the Job When the
Corn' is “Just Right”.

BE SURE TO GET A ROSS

The ROSSE Ensilage Cutter is the only machine on which the cutting ap-
paratus is equipped with ball- -bearing end thrust and auxiliary knife adjust-
ment. ROSS knives work with a shear motion—they hug the cutting bar and
stay close from the first turn of the Wheel until the last pound of good nutri—
tious feed is packed into your silo. ROSS knives cannot be forced away
from the cutting bar They run against ball bearings which can be adjusted
and held tight even while the machine is running. The ROSS slices the corn
so that each small piece keeps all of its natural juices. As a result, ROSS-
cut silage is uniform in good value from top to bottom. The cattle relish
every morsel and clean up the feeding trough thoroughly. Ordinary silage
is often unpalatable—dried out at the tap of the silo and soggy at the bot-

tom.
We Match Your Power

ROSS machines are made in both cylinder and knife- -on- -flywheel types,
and in a large range of sizes for both styles. There is a small ROSS ma-
chine for use with four to six horse-power engine and there are large ex-
tra-heavy ROSS Cutters of 25- tons per hour capacity that are intended for.
use with steam engines or large tractors.

Send for Free Books

ALL of the ROSS points of superiority and many vital secrets of en-
silage are described in a series of booklets which we have prepared. These
are yours without cost or obligation. Please write for them today.

THE E. W. ROSS COMPANY,
206 Warder St., Springfield, Ohio

 

 

 

 

 

World? Record/.Yklmmlng
on {we’ve Lil/Ion gallons 9“sz

If all of America’ s twelve-billion-
gallon 1918 milk crop had been
run through the world’ 3- -record
skimmer—the United States Cream
Separator—the saving to the dairymen
of the Country would have gone far
toward supplying this year’s butter-fat
shortage in Europe.

   
 
 
 
 
    
    
  
 
 
 
   
 

 

 

   

N t el h-sounding claim, but
baosedmer die the

8world’s record won by
United States 1n Open competition
pick of the world’s cream separators.

The same world’s record skimmi results

are available to you ri i now. it the

local dealer about the nited States Disc
‘ Separator; see how it works.

Vermont Farm Machine Company
DELI-0W8 FALIS, VT.
Chicano Portland. Ore. Salt Lab. C“?
U. 5. Farm Lighting Plants and lulu“

mmlorchi: mwzmemnnm'mmum
Mad We: Jam-m. Agents. and dulen mdhamlocah‘h‘u.‘

IOO

TH!

, NITED

STATE

Disc SBPARATOR

*‘l'wneDr F. W Ew "'5 fires-u it“ '°' MEN WANTED with m: cm

mahepherdfiupplezw gm 3°1°l°1ws h“. “lg-,3 sablndmma saver, aran teedfl’ to save from 25 to t

 

  
   

    

 

   

 

NE of the most notable historical

events, connected with Camp Cus-'
ter at the close of the great war is de
picted in the accompanying picture.
And it is because there are so many
farmer boys therein from various sec-
tions of Michigan, that we wish to call
attention to this scene in the Red
Cross building at the base hospital of
the camp.

Holding up their hands are seventy-
three young soldiers and one woman
who are in the act of taking allegi-
ance to the United States.‘ They were
all foreigners who had just returned
from fighting the Ruhr. in France and
some of them were terribly injured. A
few of them who were able to be mav-
ed and could walk with assistance are
shown seated in the front row, with
the circuit judge and county clerk.

These boys, some from farms in
Michigan, several of them hired men
when called for service, had taken out
their first papers before going into the
service. After they came back to Cus-
ter, among the first of the over-seas
soldiers returned last winter, it was
arranged that the first ceremony of

tubers are more or less common in
northern seed. These diseased tubers
fail to germinate, or produce weak
plants which give a very poor yield
or die very early.

Control—Throw out all the infected
seed, i. e., tubers showing brown dis
colorations when cut. Spray with Bor-
deaux mixture or other fungicide, in
the same manner as for early blight.

Potato Wart.

This is one of the most important
European diseases. It is caused by a
fungus and is extremely difficult to
control. It has been introduced into
Newfoundland. On the severely affect-
ed tubers it causes coral-like, scaly
nodules, which may be so slightly af-
fected that it .is very difficult to de-
tect the disease. These slightly infect-
ed tubers are most dangerous for seed
purposes. The danger of the introduc-
tion of this disease has been greatly
reduced by the quarantine which the
United States Department of Agricul-
ture has placed on all foreign coun-
tries in which it is know to exist, and
it was supposed that we had prevent-
ed its introduction into this country.
Unfortunately it was introduced on ta-‘
his stock previous to this quarantine,
and it has been recently found in the
vicinity of Freeland, Income county.
Pennsylvania, where it is proving very
destructive. Fortunately this infected

narlgstpurpoeessndtbediseueii

 

     

ld
5308:1101; ”Mtg “gsavegta N2 Owens B'ldge'mfil

,_ . nquestione
By]. H. Brown

making full-fledged citizens of their

confined to gardens and small plant-Wren understood.

should be photographed for an. "111113.
trated history of Camp Custer and the
great war.

The picture shows seventy-three of
these noble boys of fourteen national-,
ities, holding up their hands with the.
full realization of what 1t meansin tak-

ing the oath of allegiance to the greab.

est and most glorious country on the
face of the earth. Just a glance into
their faces while we were posing them.
proved they were more than delighted;
to become “Yanks” in all that the term
implies, and for keeps.

The boy at the left in the big mor— .

ris chair has a plaster cast around his
' body and his right arm rigidly support-
ed in a cast, with a. brace underneath
to support his hand and entire arm in
the position shown. For weeks he had
been done up like this, and it would be
weeks more before he would be able
to leave his prison. Both he and the

boy 0n the other end of the front row
had to hold up their left hands. in tak-
ing the oath.

These boys will make fine Yanks all
the rest of their days.

 

Controlling Potato Diseases

(Continued from page 882).

lugs for local consumption. The entire
district has been quarantined, and it
is probable that the disease will be
eradicated. Be careful as to the source
of your seed potatoes.

Scurf or Rhizoctonia.

This widely distributed disease oc-
curs in several different forms and is
known under correspondingly differ-
ent names as “scurf,” "brown stem,”
“Rhizoctonia,” “little potato,” “aerial
potatoes,” “rosette" and “stem rot.“
The disease is caused by the fungus
“Rhizoctonia.” This disease is more
or less abundant every year, but was
especially severe in 1915. It is most
severe on sandy soil. It is probably
the cause of greater losses than are
attributed to it. Some of the Symp«
toms are common to other diseases
and this, no doubt, frequently leads to
some confusion. The diseased tubers
show small black spots which do not
wash off, but which can be readily
scraped off with the finger-nail These

small black spots are the resting stage

of the fungus. It is by means of these

sclerotia that the disease is carried "

over from year to year on the seed
tubers.

The organism may also exist in the

soil, but its presence 11: the sell or on
the potatoes does not necessarily indi-
cate that it will prove a serious die , '
ease in the coming crop. It is un‘dmflt- .
district does not produce potatoes to: m inflamed by 8.011- temPerm

”S

moisture or some other factors

 

      

     
   
     
      
 
     
  
 
   
    
   
  
 
  
 
  
  
   
   
  
 
 
  
    
  
   
   
    
  

 

 

 

 

ALA-ti

 

 

 

 

  
         
       
          
          
         
      
    
    
 

     
  


   

   

 

4r

 

 

 

 

    
   
  
 
   
      
 

‘ have.

’ prices for beef cattle has stepped most

Whats-seed _ would gyou'T'advise and how.‘
iiiuch“‘to the (acre? ' It 'I sow :the ,field
to-«rretand seed it in.thfe spring would
the‘see'din’g thrive with‘Jcow's pasturing
onsi‘t’?.Plhsejadvise me. . * . '
Shiawa‘ssee Co. C.=L. G.
One ought to, have a combination of

grasses fer a'good pasture; ~Some ‘
grasses preduce their best 'during'the‘

early "part-rot: theseason, some during
the middle, and some do not fully de-
velop until the latter part, so if we
haves. combination of grasses we will
have a better pasture and more con-
unuous. The best yarieties . recom-
mended for this kind of land are tim-
othy, white clover, alsike, medium red
clover; mammoth clover, sweet cloVer,
Kentuéky-bluegrass, English rye grass,
meda rescue, sheep rescue, red top,
orchards grass, and tall meadow oat
grass..alsO bromus inermis. It is'not
absolutely necessary that: you get all
of thesegrasses but the more of them
you get' the better pasture you will
‘1 ‘ Some of the grasses are light
and chatty and “will not mix well with
the‘heavier seeds, 30 two' applications
should be made in sowing. ‘

Most people make a mistake in seed-
ing down to permanentpasture in not
using seed enough per acre, The idea
is to get a heavy sod as quickly‘asmosf
sible. The best authorities recommend
\as. high as twenty pounds of this mix-
ture oi: seeds “per acre. To many this
would seem unnecessary, and yet prac-
tical, experience.~ shows that extra mon-
ey invested in grass seed pays in pas-
ture'later on.

*1 believe it would be better'to sow

these grass seeds alone withOut the -

rye. If you are only seeding to clover
you can'get a crop of rye ‘andvprobably
a. good stand of clover but where you
are going to use so many grass seeds
the land will soon be all occupied with-
out any rye. The land should be nicely
prepared, firmed down with a fine sur-
face soil and the seed sowed as soon
as possible. If any weeds come up
they should be clipped Off so as not to
interfere with the growth of the grass:
es. It is not advisable to pasture at all
the first season because. the tramping
of the animals will destroy many of
these plants before they are establish-
ed. If you get growth enough you can
cut it and make it into hay. Then next
spring you will have a pretty well de-
veloped sod that will better stand the
tramping of animals. Of course, later
in the season you can pasture calves
or light animals on it without doing
very much harm.

If .you want pasture for your cows
this. summer a combination of grains
would give you better results than a
combination of grasses because it
takes the grasses so long to get estab-
lished. If. you would mix spring rye
and oats and_peas and dwari essex
rape together and sow them it is about
as good a combination as you can get
for 'a temporary pasture. C. C. L.

CATTLE ARE‘WANTED FOR GRAZ- ’

ING. ~

 

_. HERE is a growing demand in the
Chicago and other markets for
grazing purposes, but the smash-up in

purChases of high-priced feeders, leav-
ing most of the demand for the lower-
priced light weight stockers, lots of

these averaging from 500 to 800 pounds -

selling in Chicago for $10 to 313.7 5.
stock calves are rather scarce at $10
to 312, while there is a very good de-

' mass for. this. cows for cream: .at . 3.
WM tof$10.- As Q'Sfinéfll‘rlflepthe , ‘L
s? 31' who buxghpiCeiteeders at. ‘ 3‘

ms an inmate.” good profits
1!“ the

l we

   

.9:-
,_

‘I-lhaveaneight-agrewfiveldroonsistingt , --
0.1 heavy .firoundgsnd . truck; which ,is 2

I“? fertile. World. 111:9, to'.s<2ed._it...toz » a
ma Qe -‘ goéd«4pasturé; 'ji’dr dairy -. cows. '.

 

 

 

 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
 

How Miller Tire

Outran 21 Prominent Makes

NO more convincing proof of

submitted than this! heroic contest on 17 Packard ’Buses, go-
ing 78,000 miles a month. It was held by the Eldorado Stage

Co., Los Angeles, Cal.—one of the

largest users of tires in the world.

To them it meant a huge sum to establish which tire carries a
heavy load lightly, and runs the farthest.
Twenty-two leading makes were tested on the Eldorado’s seventeen 12-

Passenger Packards.

bincd distance of 936,000 miles a year.

They travel. an average of 153 miles daily—a com-

That’s 37 times around the world.

Parlor Car Comfort

This is the “Service de Luxe” for which the Miller Tires competed and won.
Their victory was based—not on exceptional mileage of a single casing

h-but on long distance uniformity,

Once the burro was the only transportation where today this grand fleet
carries thousands of passengers between Los Angeles, Bakersfield and Taft
trip made m parlor car comfort in an Eldorado stage on

—an enchantin .
buoyant Miller ord Tires.

tire after tire.

Proof of Uniform Mileage

'All Millers are uniform because their workmanship is uniform. The

Eldorado tests have reafirmed it.

You can ”get these championship tires—but only from the authorized

dealer. If you don’t know his name, please write us.

THE MILLER RUBBER co

__-._———— ——‘

T:.:T:-:‘.—'_:;—::f“:;‘:“—- ______._‘

 
 
  

L

GEARED-TO-THE ROAD/If

/
//

MPANY, Dept.F3§z;AKR0N, omo

Makers ofMillor Red and Gray Inner Tube.—

the Team-Mateo of'Uniform Tires

for Homes do Well as Hospitals

a'tire’s supremacy has ever been '

l
4 Alec Miller Surgeons Grade Rubber Gooda-
1.

1- miller

To Dealers: Your territory may be open—write m.

 
     
 

  
 
 
 
   
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
  

 

 

 

 

 

 
 
   

 

  

 

”whats?” schism

 

 

Just stop and estimate for. a moment—water i'or stoclalwater for drinking

and cooking, water for bathing and washing—g

pumped every day. Why not let

The '

ons upon gallons

do the work? Your efforts will. pay you more profit in doing farm work

than in pumping water.

The Leader operates silently, automatically and

provides you With a constant supply of fresh running water.
' Ask for Descriptions

 

 
 
   
  
 
  
  
 

’ . 3 muse.

 

Kerr Machinery Corporation, Kerr Bldg., Detroit, Mich.

 

LEARN AUCTIONEERING

at World's 0 ins! and Greatest School and become

independent V th no capital invested. very branch

of the business “'3'“ Write rods“ for tree oamlo ,
HOOI. OF A

JONES NATL CTIONEIRIN .
28 Nasal-enema . Chicago. Ill. Ono: lJeou. Pro.

 

BARN PAINT :1 PER GALLON
“u.“t’wa'mmr: tiles?” ." mm
iii-9.31m Works, Willa. Ind.

 

Bee Supplies

Bee Hives. Sections Comb Found»
tion. Smokers. etc. Send tor catalog.
Can supply be inner's oumtseither
with or withou bees. Circular on
request. Beeswax wanted.

Berry Baskets

Standard quart, wood berry bas-
kets, and wax-lined paper baskets.
16 nan crates in fiat. 200 wax
[in paper baskets postpaid for
1.70 to points within l50 miles 01

. Send 101' price sheet.

M. H. HUNT & SON
Box 525 - - Lansing, Michigan

 

 

 

Continuous
Heavy galvanizing. Great
strength and resiliency. Write for spe
cial book, sent free. Dealers everywhere.

Made of big. strong wire.
stay wires.

 

“ERICA" STEEL & m WWII" m

 

 

Unusual Opportunities

for Veterinary Surgeons
MICHIGAN AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE

offers complete veterinary course. open to

school graduates in preparation for this work.
For particulars write

R. P. LYMAN, Dean, East Lansing, Initial.

CULL BEANS FOR FEED ‘

 

rhtsrlesaAskf n.‘ '
YOUNG$ANDOBPH snap oo..°5vio§§°o. urea.
anted position as farm man r. A cult I ml-
..W ‘3" arts-.mrmifirfii‘l “9% —~
on on urn . n , an e
ltltut originolnding farm. ’ Haggai“. ailing. v“
When writing to advertisers please mermaid ,
_ The Michigan Farmer.‘ >

 

  
   
 
  
 

   
  
  
 
  

   


 

   

 

Dotted lines show how the

‘ inside of the “cup” of a
Timken Bearing is tapered to
fit over the tapered rollers.

M“

 

./

, Two Ways Out

When heavy trucking churns up the mud and cuts ruts deeper

and deeper—

When mile after mile of sand holds back the wheels——

When rain-cut hilly roadsandtwashed-out culverts call for care--

ful driving—
For such ills as these, there is only
one cure.

That’s the remedy that begins with
plow and scraper and ends with a
hard-surface,- well drained highway.
Therefore, get back of the Geod
Roads movement and push it for all
you are worth.

But there’s a preventive against
bad road DELAY that is written
in the specifications of the trucks,
and reads: “Reliability,” one of
the essentials of which is the selec-
tion of bearings that are capable
of out-lasting the truck on which
they serve.

Many builders have found the rem-

edy in Timken Tapered Bearings, to

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

which there is practically no “wear-
out” except by abuse or accident.
After a Timken Bearing has been
slightly loosened by thousands of
miles of wear, a part turn of the ad-
justing nut or removal of a shim puts
all parts back just as when new.

As for Timken Taper—~it always
stays the same, ready to take end
thrust and downward load—to keep
gears up to their work—~to stand guard
over transmission and difl'erential
gears—ready to resist the constant
heavy push of worm or pinion-ready
to add at every point to truck life as
well as efficiency.

There’s more about these bearings
in the booklet, “How Can I Tell.”
A copy will be sent to you on request.

THE TIMKEN ROLLER BEARING COMPANY
Canton, Ohio

 

  
  
 
   
   
   
   
      
  
  
 
  
  
 
   
  
 
  
 

 

 

 


 

'Arnias H. Sasstamoinen, the first min— Mrs. Edward House, wife or coil Ed Miss Maud Kahn, New York society Madam Jacquenaire, daughter of Pre-
‘ister to the United States from Fln- ward House, who represents the U. girl, who went to Europe at outbreak mier‘Clemenceau, wearing the Croix
land recently arrived'in Washington. S. in Supreme War Council. of war, to assist in hospitals. de Guere, received for war work.

Sergeant Avin C. YOrk, who is acclaimed as Admiral Kolchak, head of the All-Russian Pro- Shell-shocked patient taking the water cure.
visional Government at Dusk, and Commander Warm water surrounds him with an even

the war’s greatest hero. .
in Chief of the Russian Army and Navy. temperature and gives freedom from shocks.

Carrying lunch to Father and the Boys who are working in the hay field just
down around the bend of the ri er.

 

The new and the retiring speaker of the House
_ At the left Ex-Speaker Champ Clark‘and at the
ceau t0 Sign‘the . right Speaker Frederick H. Gillett. ..
Peace'Pact. ,

(tié' Vamps: . ,Boé‘ea ' ".

00mm bx Undocwood l Underwood; New York »

 


  
 

  

      
   
    
     
 

   
    
           
     
    
 

 

 

 

 

COMFORTABLE
HOT WEATHER

Wear a

By Earle

NE of the most conspicuous fea-
tures of the historical exhibits
in the United State!» National
Museum is the flay—collection, which
includes some twenty examples of .the
American flag and shows its develop-
ment in the various historical periods.
Thousands visit this exhibit in our
capital city each month.

While there are no ehrly colonial

Fil‘ICk’S Union combination Sllit flagsjsuchaswereusedhytheseveral

 

 

of what it may be.

 

 

You'll be surprised at the ease, freedom and genuine
comfort you will have through the hot summer days.

When you wear a Finck’ s Union Combination Suit, you
are guaranteed best quality, material, workmanship and
fit. This garment is practical for your work—regardless

If your dealer cannot supply you, send your chest and
leg inseam measurement, togetherwi‘th your dealer’s name,
and a suit will be sent to them for you, returnable if
not satisfactory. We will also mail you a'catalog.

W. M. FlNCK & COMPANY

DETROIT. MICHTGAN

Maker- of the Famous. Mick's “Detroit Special“ Overalls
~—Combination Suite Which Wear Like II Pig‘s Nose

 

 

colonies before the flag of the United
States was established by Congress on
June 14, 1777, at fine example of the
first true' United States ensign is
shown. Representative of the Stars
and Stripes type, is a. flag said to have
flown on the Bohomme Richard, under
command of Admiral John Paul Jones.
The flag measures ten and a. half feet
by six and a half feet. December 13.
1784. it was presented to Lieut. James
Bayard Staflord, U. S. N; by the Mar—
ine Committee of the Continental Con-
gress. as a reward for meritorious ser-
vices during the war of the revolution.
It came into the possession of the
Smithsonian Institute as a gift from
Mrs..Harriet R. Perry Stafford.

Another flag of the very highest his~
toric ”value is the original Star Spang~

 

 

Send to my Dealer

OUR TICKET

Street Address . "c

led Banner of Key's anthem, which
waved over Fort McHenry during the
bombardment of September 13-14. 1814,
and which was presented to the insti-
tution by Eben Appleton. The Fort
McI-Ienry flag . is of the type having

 

fifteen stars and stripes, adopted in
1784, upon the addition of the states

 

of Vermont and Kentucky into the Un-
ion. This type went into effect in

 

 

1785, and continued to be the standard

 

 

the original thirteen stripes and made

 

 

City ...
Chest Measurement Log Inseam
Signed
' ‘ will“ A , 7 p L Address
80ml SmlalNotlubllng fillers Automobile
88828?Si;'::.':.r:::::::::::::’_.___‘:88 Insurance

Regular price, one year. . . . . . . .82. 00
0!]! PlilCli ONLY $1.55

No. 6.

Michigan Farmer . . ...... . . . .311!)
Gentlewoman ..... .............. .20
Home Life ........... ......... .35
People's Popular Monthly........ .25

_———.

Regular Price, one year. . . . . . . .$1.80
BUR PRICE 0N“ $1.55

No. 7.
Michigan Farmer, 1 yr. Ik.. .. . 51.00
Woman's World, mo. . . . . . . ... . . .
Boye’ World or Girlo’ Comp» mo. . .50

...——

Regular price, one year.. ...... $2.00

our PRICE ONLY $1.60

No..8

Michigan Farmer, 1 yr., wk. . . . . .01.
Breeders’ Gazette, wk. . . . . . . . . . . 1.
2.

 

Woman's World, mo.............
American Boy, mo...............

Regular price W. ..35

OUR PRICE 0N“ $3 .90

J

8

 

No. 9.
Michigan Farmer, 1 yr., wk. . . . . 31.00
' Green's Fruit Grower, mo. . . . . . . . .50
_ American Bee Journal. mo. ..:.. . 1.00

 

Regular price, one year. . . . . . . .3350
00! PRICE 0!“ $2.50
No. 10.

Michigan Farmer. 1 yr.. wk...” 31.00
Companion, wk......... .
McCall's Magazine, mo. . . . . . . . . .1.N

‘Poultry Success, mo”........... .80,

Regular price, one year........81.80
Gill PIICE 0N“ $3.70

8228

 

A Necessity

The Citizens’ Mutual Auto.
mobile Company. Howell,
Michigan. settled in the
month of May. 31 claims for
collision. 88 liability claims;
30 theft claims, and three
fire claims, making a total of
96 claims, and paid out $14,-
309.34, adding $5,713.17 to the
surplus. The cornpany also
wrote 2.793 new policies, the
largest number ever written
in a single month by thecom~
pany. ‘

The company also recover-
ed a Buick touring car in

Hammond, Indiana, two Buick '
cars and "a Ford in Toledo.

Ohio; located one Buick in
Rochester. New York.

The company is known by
the police departments of
large cities as the Big Mutual
Automobile Insurance Com-
pany of Michigan. The quan-

' tity production has enabled

thecompany to settle a large
number of claims at a very
small costto each’ member. '

It will our every owner-to
see a representative“ in-
sure his car‘as the cost is
but little.

CITIZENS MUTUAL
AUTO. INS. (10.,
Howell. Mich.

 

 

 

 

provision for the addition of a star for
every new state.
Spangled Banner. which is very large.
measuring twentyeight by thirty<ftwo
feet, has recently been remounted on
linen for preservation and exhibitions!
purposes.

Several flags vividly recall the Mex~
ican war of 184647. Among themis
the flag of thirteen stripes. with an
eagle in the field. carried throughout
the war by the battalion of volunteers
which enlisted from Baltimore and
Washington. and hoisted in Victoria
City. Mexico; also the flag of Mexico
hauled down at that time; The flag of
Company 1. Fourth Regiment of Indi-
ana Volunteers. which was presented
by the commanding officer, Captain
Robert Frayed, and carried in the Hex-
ican war. is also to be Seen in the
unique flag collection.

An incident relating to y our flag in
Mexico was recently brought out on
the occasion of the presentation ofa
replica of the Star Spangled Banner to
the National Society of the Sons of
the‘ American Revolution. General
Simon Bolivar Buckner stated that
shortly after the Mexican war it had
been his privilege to lead a party of
American officers to the summit of
Mount Popocatapetl, where he planted
his country’s flag, in imitation of the
early Spaniards. _ .

Researches on the history of our

was not carried by troops iii battle un.
til the period of the Mexican war of
184647.131: to that time, although it

flag. and down an all war meal:
the national moi. bearing the '
of: mm of the United: States and:
regimental colors were carried '

 

,5

.15; ‘ »,

 

 

 

 

I 3. man this PM W writing '0 w Adm'sors falteinatters little whether a use he

The Story of: our Flag

The original Star.

flag indicate that the Stars and Stripes

wasusedbythearmyasag’arfison,

W. Gage

made of a few inches of silk, a yard at
cotton bunting, or printed on a slip of
paper—so long as it is the emblem. of
one‘s country it appeals to every loyal-
hearted individual. In itself it may be
valuelessfioofied. torn, faded—yet to
the true-hearted beholder it is price-
less, for itropreocots the noble senti-
ments of patriotism. the love of coun-
try. Strangoly enough, America. or
more properly, the United States of

America, one of the youngest of one .

tions, possesses ,the oldest of flags.
The designs of the others have been
changed since its adoration in 1777, yet
it is e‘ssentiaily the same old flag.

The word flag-«of Teutonic origin-—
means to fly. and the insignia has as-
sumed various forms and designs in its
evolution from' the pennon, formerly
used to designate the Knight Bachelors
in the days of chivalry. Its changes
have come very naturally through its
use as the standard of various orders
of knighthood. The long pennon~with
a shallow-tail fly-end, cut to the depth
of one-third its entire length, had to
be changed when the Knight of Bach-
elor became a Knight Banneret; the
swallow-tail end was cut. The highest
form was the square banner which
was the standard used to designate
royalty.

The United States flag is nearly the
form of the banneret. the army flag
being in the proportion of thirty-six
feet “fly" to nineteen feet “hoist," and
the naval flag being twenty-four feet
"fly” to fourteen feet "hoist." The
union in each is always one-third the
entire length, extending to the depth
of seven stripes, and, of course, is al-

lwa s in the u or stafl? corner.
until 1818, when congress returned to: y pp

When the American colony decided
to assert its individuality. one of its
first desires was to hoist a flag of its
own, so in 1775 a committee was ap-
pointed to consider the matter and

suggest a suitable design. It was an ,

important committee, consisting of
Messrs. Franklin, Lynch and Harrison.
appointed by congress to confer with
General Washington at Cambridge,

.Massachusetts. and it was a memora»

hle act; yet there is no authentic rec-
ord of the proceedings of this commit-
tee. or of the adoption of the design,
which is believed to have been submit-
ted bya nameless professor who was
an inhabitant of the house. in which
the meeting was held, and who was in-
vited by General Washington and the
committee to be present with them.

It was a most unusual but very for-
tunate proceeding to place on this com-
inittee a woman, presumably the hosts
ess, who served as secretary and from
whose notes have been gleaned a few
meager items known regarding this
acommittee and its proceedings. She,
too is nameless. 1

The professor—if it were lie—did
not require great genius to offer the
design that was finally accepted, since
it was quite similar to the flag of the
English East India Company. It had
thirteen stripes of alternate red and
white, with a union field of blue in the
upper corner next to the etch on
which were the crosses of St. Andrew
and’ St. George—the same as the orig—
inal Union Flag of Great Britain under
which the Pilgrim Fathers sailed for
America. in 1620. The union field of
the new flag was deeper than the oth-
er, extending to the depth of seven
otrlpea tour red and three white. in-

filmed of five strings, three red; and
two white’lasdntbe East ,India flag; '

 
 
  

 

  

 

_<‘—

“‘9” 7’

 
 

  


 

”“1” '_

y‘ extant Or this flag committees report»
Indeed, all that is. kan ‘ '

to congress.
regarding it is the fact that General
Washington presented the flag Decem-
ber 13, 1775, at Cambridge, Massachu-
setts, as the standard of the American
army and navy.

Soon after the Declaration of Inde-
pendence, a
one that should be like all others and
typical of the new life of the nation.
This standard was urged and procured,
but no one ‘knows ivho designed it;
whether the nameless professor, Mrs.
Betsy Bass, of Arch street, Philadel-
phia, or General Washington. The de-
sign was accepted by congress on June
14, 1777. It showed the thirteen stripes,
in recognition of the Thirteen Colonies,
but instead of the Union of Great Brit-

ain, it had a field of blue containing-

thirteen white stars. This was an or-
iginal design as no other flag possess-
ed ,a constellation of stars. Others

have adopted the design since, but}

none show so large a cluster as that
on the flag of the United States. For
a. time the stars were arranged in var-
ious ways on the field of blue; some-

times as a star of stars, again in a-

circle, and then again as a square.
It was March 25, 1818, that congress
passed a hill to establish the flag of

' the United States, and from the follow-

ing Fourth of July the flag has had
seven red and six white stripes alter-
nating, with a staff field of blue on
which is placed a star foreach state
of the Union.

The honor of unfurling the first, Am-
erican flag belongs to the garrison of
Fort Stanwix, the site of the present
city of Rome, N. Y. The garrison had
no flag and material was needed to
make one. Someone suggested making
a flag of such material as could be
procured at hand. So the wife of one
of the soldiers contributed a red petti-
coat, out of which the red stripes were
made; several of the men contributed
shirts for the white stripes and stars,
and Captain Abraham Swartwant. of
Poughkeepsie, an officer of the garrison
gave his blue cloak to he used for
making the field. This remarkable
flag was completed and raised August
5. 1777.

Thus the first flag was made and un-
furled to the breeze amid the. cheers
of the pioneers, and the first flag of
the present design was made a. century
ago. It was the new country’s emb-
lem of Liberty and Justice, spelled 1n
its three colors: The Red is the color
denoting defiance, war and determina-
tion; White is the color betokening
peace and good Blue is emble-
matic of Justice.

The first actual engagement in which
the new flag was displayed is believed
to have been the battle of Brandy~
wine, September 11, 1777. Ten years
later, 1787‘, the American flag started
on a voyage around the world on the
ship Columbia, under Captain' John
Kendrick. It had already established
itself as one of the naval flags of the
world, receiving its first salute from a.
foreign power, a French vessel, in an-
swer to a salute from Lieut. John Paul
Jones, on February 14, 1778—one hun-
dred and forty-one years ago.

   
 
      

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

new;flag was demanded— .

   
 

 

 
  
  

veniences—

 

 
  

 

 
  
 
   
 
 

 

 

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The Michigan Farmer,

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ylt‘

  


  
   
     
 
  
  
  
 
     
     
    
   
     
     
   
     
     
     
     
     
    
    

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Find

 

  

The low sale price on this Master- -

could come here and o r to _.

out the special

ND, of course, what I buy is my

own,” continued Burleson, pa-

tiently. “No man here will’ques-
tion that, I suppose?”

For a moment there was silence in
the cross-roads store; then a tank.
mud-splashed native arose from behind
the stove, shoving his scarred hands
deep into the ragged pockets of his

- trousers.

“Young man,” he said harshly,
“there’s a few things you can't buy;
you may think you can buy ’em—you
may pay for ’em, too—but they can’t
be bought an’ said. You thought you
bought Grier’s tract; you thought you
bought a lot 0’ deer an’ birds an' fish,
several thousand acres in timber, and
a dozen lakes, An’ you paid for 'em,
too. But, sonny, you was took in; you
paid for 'em, but you didn’t buy ’em,

because Grier couldn’t sell God’s free

critters. He fooled ye that time.”
“Is that the way you regard it, San-
try?” asked Burleson. “Is that the

Away they Went,
Silvery Grasses.

way in which these people regard pri-
vate property?”

“I guess it is,” replied the ragged
man, resuming his seat on the flour-
barrel. “I cal’late the Lord A’mighty
fashioned His wild critters f’r to per-
amble round about, offerin’ a fair mark
an’ no favor to them that’s smart
enough to git ’em with bird-shot, or
bullet. Live wild critters ain’t for sale
an’ they never was made to buy an’
sell. The spryest gits ’em—-—an' that’s
all about it, I guess, Mister Burleson.”

A hard-faced young man learing
against the counter, added significant-
ly: “We talked some to Grier, an’ he
sold out. He come here, too, just like
you.”

The covert'menace set two spots of
color deepening in young Burleson’s
cheeks; but he answered calmly:

“What a'man believes to be his own
he seldom abandons from any fear of
threats. ”

served old man S'antry, chewing vigor-
nusly. ‘

Another man leaned over and whiso
pared to a neighbor, who turned a

. grim eye on Burleson without replying.

As for Burleson and his argument, 9.

- vicious circle was. completed and there.

 

 

“That’s kinder like our case ” ob-.

was little chance of an understanding;
he saw that flatulygbat, loathIto admit m amend.

By Rdérflif. Cbaméer: A.

it, turned towards old man Santryv

once more.

“If what has been common rumor is
true," he said,’ “Mr. Grier, from whom
I bought the Spirit Lake .tract, was
rough in defending what he believed
to be his own. I~ want to be decent;
I desire to preserve the game and the
timber, but not at the expense of hu-
man suflering. You. know better than
I do what has been the history of Fox
Cross-roads. Tweny-five years ago your
village was a large one; you had tan-
neries, lumber-mills“. paper-mills, even
a newspaper. Today the timber is gone
and so has the town except for your
homes—twenty houses, perhaps. Your

soil is sand and slate, at only for a.

new forest; the entire country is use-
less for farming, and it is the natural
home of pine and oak, of the deer and
partridge.”

He took one step nearer the silent
circle around the stove.~ “I have offer-
ed to buy your rights; Grier hemmed

Knee-deep in the

you in on every .side to force you out.
I do not want to force you; I offer to
buy your land at a fair appraisal. And
your answer is to put a prohibitive
prive on the land ”

“Because,” observed old man Santry
“we’ve got you ketched. That’s busi-
ness, I guess.”

Burleson flushed up.
blackmail, Santry.”

Another silence, 'then a man laughI
ed: “Is that what they call it down to
York, Mr. Burleson?”

."I think so. ”

“Not business;

“When a man wants to put up a sky-'

scraper an’ gits all but the key-lot, an’
if the—owner or the key-let holds out
for his price, do they call it black-
mail?” ' ' " ,, .
“No” said Burleson; “I think I spoke
hastily. ” - .
Not a sound broke the stillness in the
store. After a moment old man San-
try opened his clas‘p4knife leaned for-
Ward and shaved off a thin slice from
the cheese on the counter.

all- around him relaxed in their chairs.
spat,
stretching and yawning
consistence had ended

  

‘.‘I had hoped fer-stair ,_

This he
: .ate faded -éyes fixed on space. , Men

recrossed their muddy boots,

He tucked his riding-crop nnderone
arm and stood watching them, button-
ing his tan gloves. Then with the butt
of his crop he rubbed a dry spot of
mud from his leather puttees, freed
the incrusted spurs, and turned to-
wards the door, pausing there to look
back.

“I hate to leave it this way,” he said,
impulsively. “I want to live in peace
with my neighbors. I mean to make
no threats—but neither can I be movI
ed by threats * * * Perhaps time
will aid us to come to a fair under-
standing; perhaps a better knowledge
of one another. Although the shooting
and fishing are restricted, my house is
always open to my neighbors. You
will be welcome when you come—

The silence was profound as he hes‘
itated, standing there before them in
the sunshine of the doorway—a lean,
well-built, faultless figure, an unconI
scious challenge to poverty, a terrible
onence to their every instinct—the 11w
ing embodiment of all that they hated
most in all the world.

And so he went away with a brief
“Good-morning,“ swung astride his
horse, and cantered off, gathering the
bridle as he rode, sweeping at a gal-
lop across the wooden bridge into the
forest world beyond.

The September woods were dry—dry
enough to catch fire. His troubled eyes
swept the secondgrowth as he drew
bridle at a gate set in a fence eight

feet high and entirely constructed of

wire net interwoven with barbed Wire,
and heavily hedged with locust and
buckthorn.

He dismounted, unlocked the iron
gate, led his horse through, refastened
the gate, and walked on, his horse fol-
lowing as a trained dog follows at heel

Through the still September. sun-
shine ripened leaves dr1fted down
through interlaced branches, and the
whispering rustle of their fall filled the
forest silence. The wood road, carpet-
ed with brilliant leaves, wound through
second growth, following the edge of a.
dark, swift stream, then swept west-
fard among the pines, where the cush-
ion of brown needles deadened every
step, and where there was no sound
save the rustle of a flock of rose-tinted
birds half buried in the feathery fronds
of a white pine. Again the road curv-
ed eastward, skirting a cleft of slate-
rocks, through Which the stream rush-
ed with the sound of a wind-stirred
woodland; and by this stream a man
stood, loading a, rusty fowling-piece.

Young Burleson had retained Grier’s
keepers, for obvious reasons; and al—
ready he knew them all by name. But
this an was no keeper of his; and
he walked straight up to him, bidding

‘him a rather sharp good-morning,

which was sullenly returned.

Then Burleson told him as pleasant-
ly as he could that-the land was pre-
served, that' he could not tolerate any

. armed trespassing," and'that' the keep-
' ers were charged to enforCe the laws.

“It is better}? he said, “to"have' a
clear‘understanding- at once“ I think
the law governing private property is
clearly set forth on the signs along my
boundary. This preserve is posted and
patrolled; I have done all I 0011111 to
guarantee public rights; _I have not
made any application to have the pub-
lic road closed, and I am perfectly wil-
ling to keep it open for public conven-
ience. But it is not ~right for ans body

to carry a gun 111.1115” preservgs: and .

if it continues I shat

  

 

 

 

 

  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  

 

  

  

  

  

 
   

 


   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
   
    
    
       
       
        
       
  
  
  
  
     
   
   
  
  
   
 
  
  
 
   
     
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
     
    
     
     
        
      
       
      
 
      
        
       
        
    
      
  
   

 

 

 

 

 

dairy. Burleson’watemdihim "in Silence :7 '.

until..tl_ie fello reached the netth
Wire fence. then he called out.

“There is a turnstile to the left."

But the native deliberately drew a
hatchet from his belt, opened the wire
netting with one heavy
crawled through. Then wheeling in his
tracks outside, he cursed Burleson and
shook his gun at him, and finally
slouched off towards Fox Cross-roads,
leaving the master of the forest a. trifle
white and quivering under the cutting

curb of self-control.

Presently his spasmodic grip on the

riding-crop relaxed; he looked about

him with a long-drawn, quiet breath,
flicked a burr from his riding-breeches,
and walked on, head lowered and jaw

set. His horse followed at his heels»

. A mile beyond he met a keeper de-
molishing a deadfall along the creek,
and be summoned him with a good-hu-
mored greeting.

"Rolfe, we’re headed for trouble, but
it must not come—do you hear? I won't
have it if it can be avoided—and it
must .be avoided. These po’or devils
that Grier hemmed in and warned off
with his shot-gun patrol are looking
fer that same sort of thing from me.
Petty annoyance shall not drive me
into violence; I’ve made it plain to ev-
ery keeper, every forester, every man
Who takes wages from me. If I can
stand insolence from people I am sorry
for, my employee can and must. W'ho
was that man I met below here?”

" “Abe Storm, sir."

“What was he doing—building dead-
falls?” '

_ “Seven, sir. He had three muskrats,
a mink, and a string of steel traps
when I caught him-”

“Rolfe, you go to Abe Storm and
tell him I give him leave to take musk-
rat and mink along Spirit Creek, and
that I’ll allow him a quarter bounty on
every unmarked pelt, and he may keep

' the pelts, too.”

The keeper looked blankly at the
master: “Why—Why, Mr. Burleson he's
the dirtiest, meanest market hunter in
the lot!”

“You do as I say, Rolfe,” said the
master amiably.

“Yes, sir—but—”

. “Did you deliver my note to the fire-
warden?”

“Yes, sir. The old man’s abed with
miseries. He said he’d send his deputy
at noon.”

.» Burleson laid his gloved hand on his
horse’s saddle, looking sharply at the
keeper.

“They tell me that Mr. Elliott has
seen better fortune, Rolfe.”

.“Yes, sir. When the Cross-roads
went to pot, he went too. He owned
a piece 0’ land that was no good only
for the timber. He’s like the rest 0’
them, I guess—only he had more to
lose— an’ be lost it the same as all 0’.
them.”

Burleson drew out his watch, glanc—
ed at it, and then mounted.

~ “Try to make a friend of Abe Storm
if‘you can,” he said; “that is my pol-
icy, and you all know it. Help me to
keep the peace, Rolfe. 1f_l keep it, I
don’t see how they can break it.”

‘fVery well, sir. But it tiles me-J'

' “Nonsense! Now tell me where I’m
to meet the fire-warden’s deputy. Oh-
then I’ll jump him somewhere before
long. And remember, Rolfe, that it’s
no more pleasure for me to keep my
temper than it is for anybody. But
I've got to do it, and so have you. And,
after all, its’ more fun to keep it than
to let it loose.” .

"‘Yes, sir,” said Rolfe, grinning like
a dusty fox in July.

So Burleson rode on at a. cantor,
presently slacking to a walk arguing
with himself in a low calm voice: '

,“Poo'r devilsépoor half-starVed dev-
lilsl " If I could afford to pay their pric-
es Pd, do it. I’ll wink at anything short
of destruction; I can’t let: them cut the

 

slash, .and .

   

Ordinary oil VeedoI
after use after use

Showing sediment formed

after 50 ho'urs of running

 

depend upon getting the gratin
in from the field at a certain
time. That is when your tractor must
give perfect, uninterrupted service.
At this critical period a layup for
repairs might cost you much more than
the value of the tractor itself. Yet 90% -
of tractor engine troubles are prevent-
able. They are due to inferior oil.
There are three important points
about tractor oil. -

1. Sediment ——Ordinary oil breaks
down under the intense heat of the
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causingfriction and wear.

2. Evaporation—Ordinary tractor oil
not only forms large quantities of

a T harvest time a whole crop may

Important pOints
on tractOr lubrication

lubricating oil in engine base. The

pistorl oil seal is destroyed, causing

great damage. The thinned-out oil
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To overcome these faulbsof ordinary
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Vecdol Special Heavy, the universal
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sediment but it: evaporates rapidly.

This causes high consumption and

often breaks the piston oil seal.

Overheating, scored cylinders, rapid

Just as water escapes in the 081' bonintion,‘ etc" f0110WS~

2:171 (i'ftsl'feam, more thtan 3. Contamination—Ordinary tractor
° ° average mo 0' oil permits unburned fuel to drip

of! evaporates through tho . . .
oil tiller and is wasted. past the pistons contaminating the

‘ TIDE WATER OIL COMPANY
Vandal Department .
1560 BOWLING GREEN BUILDING, New York

Branches or distributors in all principal cities
of the United States and Canada

 

Veedol is used.
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Buy Vccdol today

Leading dealers have Vecdol in stock. The
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ning at minimum cost. Send 10 cents for copy.

 
 
    
   

 

 

 

 

 

1 . . .
lunmmvlm\\\\.\\llllWnnnm‘u

Western Canada offers the - atest advantages to home seekers. #
Large profits are assured. on can buy on easy payment terms,

Fertile Land at $15 to $30 per Acre-

land similar to that which throu many years llaataveraged from 20 to 45
bushels of wheat to the acre. ‘l‘lljundreds of cases are on record where in Western
Canada a sin 1e crop has sid_the cost of land and production. The Govern
ments of the ommion and rovmces of Manitoba Saskatchewan and Alberta want
the farmer to prosper, and extend every poui le encouragement and help to v
Gram Growing and Stock Raismg. ,
:l'houghWeeternCanadaofiers land atsuch lowfigures, the high
pnlcss offgrailn, cattle. sheep and hogs will team ‘
~ans or t ,e purchase of stock may be had at low interest; “‘/ I
there are good shipping facilities; best of markets; free schools; ‘/” \
churches; splendid climate; low taxation (none on improvements). / Fa ml Land}
For articulars new location of lands for sale, maps, illustrated literature. ’ u \
coda railway totes. etc., apply to Supt. of Immigration, Ottawa, Cat. or , ‘
N
M. V. McINNES, 172 Jefferson Ave., Detroit. Mich.
Canadian Government Agent-

 

 

  
   

  

 

 

 

l-ll—Io _ =-

Hu ca

*wmco . lo I a ‘ h ‘ ~ m m
Wig): 11-13. '91-"; fimmgfllllt minim "page mufiwumwgugw
we 16o ‘A. G. WOODMAN (30.. Dept M. E. Grand Rapids, Michigan

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

A Special clubbing Bargain
No. 1.

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Cloverland' Magazine ............ 1.00

Power Farming 1200.

Regular price, one year. . . . . . . .$3.00

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No. 2.
Michigan Farmer ................$100
Hoard’s Dairyman 1.00
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Regular price, one year. . . . . . .'.$3.00

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‘ No. 3.

Michigan Farmer ...............$1.00
Swine Breeders' Journal......... .50
TOday’S Housewife .............‘1.0o

——-——_

 

Regular price, one year. . . . . . . 32.50

OUR PRICE 0NLY $1.85

No. 4.

Michigan Farmer OOOIIIOOOCIOCCIS1Qw
People's Home Journal ......... 1.00 .

 

Amenican Boy COCO-OOOOOOOIOOOOO 20m

Regular price, one year. . . .. . . .8400
OUR PRICE GNLY “J5
50nd all Orders to n
The Michigan Farmer, Dots-oi

 

“site"‘Mentimii m Michigan Farmer When Writing 'to‘ Advem»1]

 

 

.‘\

 
 


  
  
       
   
   
   
    
    
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
    
  
  
  
    
        
    

 

'. flaming Email

;hole, thoughtful eyes _',se,archiri'g,a the
’3 road ahead, which new ran out through
long strips of swale bordered by sap"-
”lings. .V 7 p ‘ "
Presently a little breeze stirred the
. foliage of the white bitches to a sea of
tremulous gold; and at the samel'mo-
ment a rider appeared in the marsh

 
  
  
 
 
  

     
  
  
 

  
  

 

, - ’, VVITH JOHNSON’S HASTEE-PATCH themost]
7 . , f '. , ineXperienced motoristh'can'satisfactorily and inexpenw _ ‘ ,
:7, sively repair his own‘tubesl No time, labor or heat required. beyond, galloping through the blanched
The patch can be applied in‘three minutes—at a. cost of 3: - swale-grass, which rose as high as the

cents—and it’s so simple a_child can use it.’ ‘ ' horse’s girth.

,' "" 7' " Young Burleson drew bridle; . the
Ready For Instant Use 2,\

- slim youth who sat his saddle so easily
. . . '2 r... d t fth 'ckfie—
« With Johnsonls Hastee [Patch it takes but two or 7 must be the 9"“ y ° 9 8’ r
9’ three minutes to make the repair and the tube can be pumped ,

, warden; this was the time and place.
. . . - . . As the young rider galloped up, Bur-
up immediately and is ready for instant use at any speed. I

leson leaned forward, ofiering this
hand with an easy, pleasant greeting.
The hand was unnoticed, the greeting
,breathlessly returned; two grave, gray
eyes met his, and Burleson found him-
self looking into the flushed face of a
‘ young girl.

. When he realized this, he took off
‘1 his cap, and she inclined her head,

    

’ he. - as .w o . '
Johnson s Hastee Patch isn t a makeshift—1t per- barely acknowledging his salute,
manently mends tubes and casings. It is much better than, «I am Mr. Elliott's daughter," she
vulcanizing because there is no danger of burning and sporl- ’ said, «you are Mr. Burleson 1,»
Johnson’s Hastee Patch gives equIally good
t is con-

ing the tube: Burleson had the honor of present-
results on a pin hole puncture or a large blowout. ing himself, cap in hand.

. veniently put up in strips so ,the.user-can cut just’the rightJ 3 «I am my father’s deputy,» said the
. size patch for each repaint >_ a, ~ -7_‘ I girl, quietly, gathering her bridle and
aljohnson’s Hastee Patch is Splendid for repairing . wheeling her horse. “I .read your note-
' garden hose—rubber boots, coats and gloves—rubbers—auto Hale 3’0“ reason t0 believe that an at"
. to -—foot balls—hot water bottles—and all rubber articles; ‘ $122???” been made to fire the 0“”

i i; For Sale by all Dealers. Don’t Accept Substitutes. - '

, , ’1 There was a ring of business in her
‘8. C. JOHNSON 8‘ SON. mama?“ Iago Racine. W13- U- S. A‘. voice that struck him as amusingly de-

-- ' lightful—and such a sweet, clear voice,
too,, untinged with the slightest taint
of native accent.

“Yes,” said Burleson, gravely, “I’m
afraid that somebody tried to burn the
vlaie. I think that a change inthe
wind alone saved us from a bad fire."

"Shall we ride over?” inquired the
girl, moving forward with unconscious
grace. - .

Burleson ranged his horse alongside
the girl; she set her mount at a gallop,
and away they went, wheeling into the
swale, knee-deep in dry, silvery grass,
until the deputy fire-warden drew bri-
dle with a side-flung caution: “Musk-
rats! Look ‘out for a cropper!”

Now, at a walk, the horses moved
forward side by side through the pale,
glistening sea of grass stretching out
on every side. ‘

Over a hidden pond a huge heron
stood guard, stiff and shapeless as a
weather-beaten stake. Blackbirds with
. crimson-slashed shoulders rose in
clouds from the reeds, only to settle
again as they passed amid a ceaseless

 
 

      
 
  
  
 
 
   
 
  
  
 
  
   
  
 
   
    
    
     
   
  
  
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
  
   
  
    

 

 

Save Money onl
Newspapers

Many rural readers have bought
their daily and the Michigan Farmer
in combination at a price that saved
them money;

The Michigan Farmer-«One Year
Your Favorite Daily --- One Year

On rural routes only at prices specified
below in “Our Price" column. ‘

have rightfully earned recognition as the

eatest ensilage cutter value in the country.
¥he Gehl is constructed to cut properly. Kmyes
are of special steel. ground on the inside. spiral
in shape and give a downward. shearing cut—-
the only way to produce and contmueto pro-
duoe clean-cut. uniform. perfect silage.

No Man Required at the Feeder
The Gehl is absolutely self-feeding and loves one
man's wage: every day because no man is needed It

 

 

1108013? Our ' ‘hgf;°§:".qmpp.a with one unit. Attochmenb— chorus of harsh protest. Once a pair
Price. Price. ‘“%v".ii‘.f".'.‘.’et‘.‘.‘iil.’; mltfii‘ifiriieigmoimo. an. of summer duck came speeding over-

Free Press, Detro‘t. ....... $5.00 ‘4.50 Oglenggnne‘h:go‘zgzr‘alaeagnoagxée: azglvguzlls‘ehifi head, and Burleson, looking up, BX‘
Journal. Detroit . . . . . . . . . .' 5.00 4.50 :fiaaggfil‘laxuiara lui‘ileieolg;.ofggzzztm¢ 4?" . claimed:
Times, Detroit ..... . ..... 4.00 3.50 curbside. MFG. CO 9‘ “There’s a bird I never shoot at, It's
Herald, Grand Rapids ..... 5.00 4.50 ‘ IT‘S-o. w“ 3"... "$1.5m", ms. 3 too beautiful,"
Press, Grand Rapids . . . . . . 5.00 4.50 “ The girl turned her head, serious
News, Grand Rapids ..... . 5.00 4.50 gray eyes questioning his.

News-Courier, Saginaw . . . 5.00 4.50
News-Statesman, Marshall. 4.00 3.25
Journal, Flint ........... . 6.00 4.50
Gazette, Kalamazoo . . . . 5.00 4.50
News, Cadillac ...... 7 ..... 4.00 3.50
Enquirer, Battle Creek. . . . 5.00 4.50
Evening News, Monroe. . . . 4.00 3.50
Pioneer, Big Rapids . . . . . . 4.00 8.50
Blade, Toledo ..... . . . . . . . 5.00 4.50
News~Bee, Toledo . . . . . . . . 5.00 4.50

The above combinations give you an _ ..
' ' average saving of Fifty Cents.

“Have you ever seen a wood-duck—
a drake, in full plumage ?” he asked.

“Often—before Mr. Grier came."

Burleson .fell silent, restless in his
saddle, then said:

duck now. My boats on Spirit Water
are always at Mr. Elliott’s disposal—
and at yours.”

She made the slightest sign of ac-
knowledgement, but said nothing.
Once or twice she rose upright. stand-

       
     
      
   
     
 
   
   
   
 
 
  
  

 

“8:.“ sit” “"9“” fmflfimm ing straight in her stirrups to scan the
To Save $1.00 . 1"" .. “0%? " distance under a small, inverted hand.

5"“... 'ifim'ex

 

Remit the first column prices and

‘ East and north the pine forest girdled
you will get one year of the daily and

the vlaie; 7 west and south hardWood

 

  

 

        
     

      
 

    
    

   

 

 

 

 

.. 5‘.” ,

 

 

the Michigan Farmer, Detroit ' n“ ”W mil-’4“? ”3‘ MN““’*

 

  

.. 7 .7411‘17771350 .9
.7 . .. a... tram “new
i passing, ‘drew'it through his button»

"I hope you will see many wood--

.two years of the Michigan Farmer— f " - timber laced the skyline“ with branch-
‘6.00 value for $5.00 With $4.00 dailies BOOK 0N ‘_ es partly naked, and the pine’g‘ out.
use-$5.00value for $4.00 with $3.00 dailies DOG DISEASES posts of white birch ”,3me gum.
~‘-»a7,saving 0‘ the price 0‘ one year’s And HOW to Feed," mered like mounds of crumpled-:g‘old‘
subscription to the Michigan Farmer. union ‘rmmgoA-gueddm I» along the edges of the seavofggass. ;

-, - .. ‘l f “There is the stream!” said“Bufle—‘ ‘ ’ _ "

:5‘393533 ALL onoass TO ammmvsnccnnc. sea. “New” .- 7 7. 7

‘ .W 1t" at. the name'.7‘;‘sfioment.

  

He fell wed,
Without _—; ffoiit; 7 ‘ahd

3 ,“Yés,” , she‘i said; "indifierently, _“The

witch is afg'bod' mare? jAt‘t‘er aj silence, ;

my" father desires to«sell her.” x.
'7 “I know a" dozen men who .wOuld

jump at the chance," 'said'the yOung 3‘
"But”——he hesitated—“if is a .

fellow.
shame to sell such‘a mare—”

" The, girl colored. "‘My father. will
never ride again," she 'Qsaid, Iquietly.
“We should be veryglad to“ sell her.”

" “But—the mare 'suits’ you so per- _
“fectiy—J’ ' .' . ~ ' . 7
'. She turned her head'and looked at

him gravely. _"You must be aware, Mr_
Burleson, that it is hot choice with us,”
she said. There washbthing of bitter-

ness in her vOice; she leaned forward, '

patting the mare’s chestnut neck “fer a

moment, then swungback, sitting up7
as straight as a cavalryman in her .
saddle. “Of course,“ she said, smiling;
for the first time, “it willrbreak my;
heart to sellThe Witch, buff—she pat— . .

ted the mare again-+“the mare won’t
grieve; it takes a dog to do that; but
horses—well, I know horses enoughto
know that even The Witch won’t
grieve." ' ’ 7. ,
“That is a radical theory, Miss Elli—
ott,” said Burleson, amused. “What
about the Arab and his loving steed?”
“That is not a legend for people who
know horses," she re‘plied,>still smil-
ing. “The love is all On our side. You
know horses, Mr. Burleson. Is it not
the truth—the naked truth, stripped of
poetry and freed from tradition 2”. § ,
“Why strip poetry from anything?”
he asked, laughing. ' , -
She rode on in silence for a while,
the bright smile fading from her lips
and eyes. (Continued next week).

TWO omeeaous WH'EAT .DIS-
EAsss. .

 

(Continued from page 879).
young wheat experienced during April
severely injured the leaves that were
present at that time. Such leaves have
become variously yellowed and mot-
tled. This condition has,been‘ Confus-
ing to farmers because the mottling

did not take place until some time,.
the cold .

two or three weeks after

weather. Undoubtedly the cold grow-

ing season following the severe freear

ing has had something to do with the
yellowing of the leaves. As one exam-
ines fields, he finds that this yellow
leaf condition is common everywhere,
yellowed spots showing up in the fields
due to the fact that more new growth

has been produced in some parts of
the field than in others. This is large'

1y a matter of fertility and vigorof the
plants. The farmer should eliminate
such types of injury to wheat whiCh
are general in occurrence and quite
agide from the Take-all troubles, but
anything which is at all suspicious
should be called to the attention of the
county agent, who in turn can bring it
to the attention of the federal or state
plant pathologists;
large that a field to field canvass is
out of the question. In protecting the

wheat in Michigan we must depend on"

the general field observations of" our
farmers, as well as the close touch
with the agricultural conditions which
is maintained by our county agents.

The accompanying illustrations, one
showing the disease in southernllli-
nois and the other in Indiana. will give
an idea of the seriousness of this dis-
ease. When it is understood that'th'eso
areas which were, photographed repre-
sent only the smallest patches affect-

ed, for convenience in taking the pics

ture, and :that this condition may pro-

vail over areas from cue-half tit-eighty g, f

’acres'jin extent: then i
that ithsrs is ‘exéélléh '

 
       

mane

 

   
 
 

. .. , _,r.-§..§séfi’hd’s 7.
hesitationventured‘to praise her horse. p‘

The state is so:

    

all.

 

 

 

 

 

my. '.

v.4 3‘"

   
 

   
      
  
    
 


  
    
    
       
    
 
 
  
  
 
 
 

  
  
   

 

 

. \' <1" m.

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

  
   
     
   

Newsoi the? Week

 

'» the em:

“ Wednesday, June 4. . - . .
HE United States Senate adopts
the Susan B. Anthony amendment

to the federal constitution extending

the right or suffrage ,to women—the
' endment to sedate effect when
Elise-fourths ot the states have ratified
it.——The senate gives the state depart-
ment forty-eight hours to make the
peace treaty public following the dis-
covery that private financial concerns
have already obtained copies.--Modifi-
cation of terms of the peace treaty re-
lating to the control of the Saar Valley
and of. Silesia are forecasted.-—The

German minister of finance announces

a system of financing the govern-

ment’s debt by eacting a. law obliging

every worker to labor an extra hour

each day for the government.
Thursday, June 5.

‘ I‘HE Michigan legislature considers
bill providing for the election of a
state road commissioner.-—Canadian

- war veterans are opposed to the- gen-

eral‘strike in Winnipeg—German plot-
ters who have been working to bring
abouts revolution in Switzerland are
now on trial at Zurich—Governor

' Smith, of: New York, announces he

will use the federal plan for action
against the Red terrorists in that
state—Austria is considering peace
treaty submitted to her by the allies:—
The “big four” nations are standing
firm’ against allowing Germany to .1011].
the League of Nations—Farmers of

Leelanau county are considering the ‘

purchase of the old Traverse City,_L_ee-
lanau & Manistique Railway, prov1ding
the legislature will remit unpaid taxes
against the road.

Friday, June 6.

AN order has been issued by Post-
masterGeneral Burleson return.
ing the telephone and telegraph sys-
tems of the country to private owner-
ship.—Accountants discover a discrep-
ancy in the Michigan state prison
funds of $301,600.—President Castro,
of Portugal, tenders his resignation to
the Portugese congress.——-Coal move-
ments for the first five months of the
year show an increase of. over ten per
cent over the corresponding period of

1918.
Saturday, June 7.

HE United States Senate adopts a

resolution asking the American
peace delegates at Paris to secure a
hearing before the peace conference
for the Irish delegates.-——Plans are be-
ing favorably considered for the call-
ing of a grand jury to sift disclosures
recently made regarding affairs at the
state prison at Jackson—A portion of
the Bulgarian army has been mobiliz-
ed and is marching toward the Serb-
ian frontier.——Great Britain is reported
to be. laying plans for fighting Ameri-
can meat packers by contracting for
New Zealand's surplus meat products
at a stipulated price—Soldiers and
cavalry are patrolling Winnipeg to pro-
tect life and property during the gen
eral strike which is still on at that
place—Forest fires are raging near
Kalkaska, Mich.-

« Sunday, June 8.

RESIDENT SEITZ of the Austrian
national assembly declares that the
peace terms presented to Austria are
impossible and mean the death of the
country by starvation—Large quanti-
ties of shells and small arms are de-
stroyed by explosions at Coblenz and
Mulhein, Germany, within the jurisdic-
tion of American troops.——Grocerymen
in session at Cincinnati demand that
the packers’ special privilege in swal-
lowing up the small provision business
and fixing. and maintaining prices
should be eliminated.- ll
Monday, June 9.

ICARAGUA asks United States

to land forces there to cope with
a threatened invasion from Costa Rica.
—-The-annihilation of an entire village
in western Hungary by the Red army
is reported as a consequence of an up-
rising of peasants in that district.—
The United States Shipping Board
asks congress for $600,000,000 to com-
plete the government's ship building
operations—A new world’s record was
established when Lieutenant Casale,a
French aviatorJascended 31,168 feet.—
President Wilson will probably leave
France within ten days. -_

Tuesday, June 10.

'FTER a five-hour fight, the United

States Senate orders a copy of the
peace treaty printed in the public rec-
ord—Former Food Commissioner
Hoover declares that the United States
as a government should not extend any
further credit to Europe—U. S. Mar-
ines have prepared to give “protection

L. mm Runway-The court orders the
, Detroit-United Railmitglto operate cars

, , 88.31111 to put
in instance (if a'receiv-
should fall turesume service. .-l

on ’ hill Filigree

 

 

r .., l“ h- \x
7/: " ---.l.l" , v“
ll ' ' >' '4-

 
 
 
 

  
 
  
 
     
    
 
  
 
  

.; 35%.

J lllllllil'lflljig ..

 

   
   
 
 

dzrihfi J. .g; m i ......

L“

   

our Buildings in Harmony ?

THE appearance of a farm may be improved wonderfully by paint-

ing all the buildings alike or, at least, using

the same colors. It

does not increase the cost of painting a dollar. You can start now on
any building that needs painting and paint the others to correspond from

year to year as they need it.

Most farm buildings are so plain that
they look much better if a different
color is used for the trim than for the
body. ‘A good combination for every
building on a farm is a cream colored
body paint trimmed with are white.
A beautiful cream tint may e produced
by adding French Ochre ground in oil

to Carter White Lead. The more

Ochre the ”deeper the tint.

Slate Gray is a very durable color and
you can. make it as light or dark as
you Wish simply by varying the

that is used

There is no

Lead. And

can buy.

amount of lamp black ground in oil

to produce the slate tint.

With gray also the best trim is pure
white. . If the farm house is plain, then
reverse the colors and paint the body
white with light gray trim. This will
make a small house look larger.

limit to the colors that

can be produced with Carter White

with pure linseed oil

and the necessary tinting colors, you
have the very best paint that money

If you would like to have some further suggestions regarding colors or any information
about the use of pure white lead and linseed oil, write to our Paint .

Information Bureau. It is very much at your

CART'E R

12038 South Peoria Street
CHICAGO. ILL.

: WHJT‘E LEAD :7

 

service.

‘.

CARTER WHITE LEAD C0. , w.

 

    
   
 
   
    
    
  
 

Four Miles or Twenty

Are you ’yvorking your farm at a
twenty mile pace or at four miles?

Detroit Universal Truck Attachments

Convert any passenger car or light commercial
chassis into a dependable

mil Mi, 2 or 3 Ton Truck 3

   
 

Internal Gear Shaft Drive
Rear Axle No Chums
No Sprockets
. Truck
Attachments
MR. FARMER:

Writeus tonight lor our special ofler to farmers and market gardeners. From
factory directto you. We will send catalog and full information promptly, This
will cost you nothing and may save you hundreds of dollars. investigate now.

CARRIER MOTOR TRUCK CO.

1685 Gratiot Ave. . Detroit, Michigan

   

 

 

[flourish Giant. Rabbits. dark stee‘l black. Grays» 2 WANTED to hear from owner of good farm for sale
months old .00 & .00 each. r stock. Statecach rice 1 i 'anicuim. ,
. mvrn sf}. zmfiorri‘s Sn, fills anti. Mich. D. r. Basil: ifinneap'ims. Minn.

 

 

' all ages, good. util atock‘ -’ ~ .3 i re- dFl ish GlntRb-
5.9 Bdmllgngvam m P a: in; 3 ”n ”is? lamb.

eel breeders. oh .- n
n. LEOK . Holmeeville, om. Claude Greenwood, a. r. n. 10.. St. Jenni. Mich.

 
 
 

 
 
 

 

Farms and Farm lands For Sale '

the £0" win I
We Have For Sale stock. Em £3533)? E32

unimproved lands well located, one terms. 150 acres
situated 5 miles from Gladwin, any daily mm route,
close to school, all fenced with woven wire. comm
under fine state of cultivation, 8 acres fruit, 70 ac«
res more of same tract brushed 10 ed and burned:
Sheep much of 310 acres. all fenc . living water, 70
Acres of this ranch cleared, 30 acres of which is under
fine state of cultivation with fruit orchard, House as
x28. Sheep sheds and Barn 64x80. Tool house 16:32.
170 Sheep, 110 this seasons Lambs. We have 3 fine
Stock Ranches, well rassed well fenced. living water.
McClure Stevens and (50., Gladwin, Michigan.

$950 Down Secures
183-Acre Farm, 5 Cows and

Pleasant 7-mom house, modern dairy barn. &c..
convenient to town stores, churches. crouuiory and
advantages. 150 acres level tillage, high cultivation,
good corn, potato, groin land; spring-watered push
lire: estimated 10le cords wood; bearing unincor-
chard. Owner buy on larger farm puts rice down
to only $2301), easy terms. Details page llIl, Catalog
Bargains 19 States. Claw free

STROUT FARM AG ' NCY 814-80 E‘ord Bldg.,Detroit

‘ for good farm worth 312.0(1). Brick
WI" Exchange two story building on 'M ain Street
Kalamazoo. 4 stores, 2?. room hotel well furnished on
second floor. steam heat. running water and Electric
lights in each room. baths and showers. Buyer should
operate hotel.
SANFORD WILTSEY,

 

 

 

Kalamazoo, Michigan.

 

Best Improved Farm For Sale! ffififiisli‘li' 33$
FORD. GOVERNMENT BONDS OR 5500. balance
easyhbuys BO-acre farm, 60 plowing, best soil, Central
Michigan. fair buildings, main road near railroad
town. Owner 203 N. CEDAR s'r., LANSING. MICK.

WANTED 5 to 40 acres of high, well drained,
. .. .. . are 'am- messengers.
,oose s ngpon no more an in
Detroit. “Pill deal with owners only. es from
N. Grant Currie, 153 Harrison Ave.,Detroit. Mich.

 

 

Rainy Lake Settlement. Farm & Ranch Land. 1w
acres up; $10 to $15 per acre. 81 an acre down—bal-
ance long time. 6%. Time payments can be made with
clover seed. John G. Krauth, Millersburg, Mich.

 

‘7 .
C Q ‘ m .
Rich Michigan Farms. sr‘ifih‘izefinnnilntbh'fii »
EBB. 15 Merrill Building. Saginaw, Michigan
T h f
WANTED “aim lilea'l'l’nfltfieiai’g. mm °' ‘
0. K. HAW ’EY. Baldwin. Wisconsin.

 

 

 

When Writing to Advertisers, Please
‘say “I Saw Your Ad. in The Michigan ‘ ‘
,Farmer".‘ ' ‘ - ' ‘ ‘ ‘ -‘

O

 
 

 

       


     

 

  
 
  
  
   

 

 

 

 

   
  

 

 

 

 

 

 

F signs of the time as displayed in
I store windows count for anything,

American women are about to
plunge into an orgy of household ma-
chinery buying. Certainly the signs
are plentiful and portentious in that
direction, for department store win-
dows which once were filled with
smart hats and gowns, or with period
furniture and near-oriental rugs, are
now showing a “full and complete”
line of washing machines, mangles,
ironing machines, gas, electric and oil
stoves, electric irons, gas irons, char-
coal irons, bread-mixers. cake-mixers,
in short, everything so far put on the
market to make woman’s work lighter.
' And best of all signs, the women are
pausing to study these same windows.
Even greater crowds surround the
window where foamy suds splashes
about in an electric washer, than be-
fore the window where Parisian mod-
els of robes no woman could wear are
displayed. Women are beginning to
see that it is more extravagant to
spend $50 for a sleazy silk gown than
it is to spend $100 for a washing ma-
chine and mangle. And when they
once begin to think it is only a step to
putting the thought into deeds. Many
are already buying, and when the knit-
ting club meets now the relative mer-
its of vacuum cleaners or the supe-
riority of cylinder washing machines
over those of the dolly type come up
for discussion before hobble skirts and
capes.

Certainly something must be done
to make woman’s labor lighter if fam-
ilies are to be raised, for no woman

 

The Oil Stove with a High Oven is
Gaining in Popularity.

Helping Daughter D

HEN a new dress is to be made

for daughter it is so much easier
to go ahead and buy the cloth and se—
lect the pattern one’s self than to co-
operate with daughter regarding it,
that more often than not the dress is
made regardless of the wearer’s wishes
in‘ the matter. Many farmgirls become
so used to wearing whatever mother
.makes or buys, relying so absolutely
0n mother’s taste to be correct, that
when” they leave home and are thrown
on their own responsibility, they find
, that they know nothing about cost of
‘, materials, suitability of colors or cor-
rectness of style. Too many times they
spend their money on cheap, gaudy
‘jthings, or else wear dowdy. unbecom-
gm” clothes.
Part of every girl’s training should
consist in learning the lesson of

 

 

WOman’s

 

Interests

 

 

 

Q5 Avoid a Heated Kitchen
in Dog Days

Sheets, Towels,
Can be Done- -up

can take care of a home and a family
of children and do all of her work un-
aided, without killing herself or leav-
ing undone many things which should
be done if health and happiness are to
be maintained. In the city and in
some farm homes electricity solves the
problem, but there are still hundreds
of farm homes where electricity must
continue to be something to be hoped
for in years to come. Many things
may be done, however, to lighten the
burdens of the women in these homes,
and it is up to the woman herself to
see that they are done.

Take the matter of a stove for one

 

Unstarched Kitchen Aprons, and Even Men's Work Shirts
Quite Satisfactoriiy with a Good Mangie.

thing. Wood is becoming almost un-
known as a fuel in the'average farm
home, and the experiences of 1917-18
show us that coal is not always to be
had. Furthermore the price of that
fuel is going up so that it can no long»
er be regarded as cheap. Both wood
and coal make extra dirt, and thus ex-
tra work, while the labor of building a
fire and keeping it going is no small
part of the day’s work. Much of this
unnecessary work could be cut out by
buying a good oil or gasolene stove.
Once filled it is good for at least a
day, and in homes where it is not so
much used a stove often does the cook-

FCSS

By M. A. Bartlett

clothes, and the first steps along that
line should be taken as soon in the
little girl’s life as she can understand
the most simple of instructions.

If you are making school dresses,
get samples of different materials and
ask daughter to choose that which'she
would like. Doubtless she will make a
wrong choice, selecting the most un-
suitable. But don’t laugh at her; don’t;
make her ashamed. Endeavor to show
her her error in a way ‘she can under-
stand. Get her to tell you what qual-
ities, in her opinion, a school 1 dress
should have.
should wear well, wash well and not
shew soil too easily, and not he read-
ily torn;_ but she may never have
thought of those things. Let each m-

 

Of course, you know it

Gent be impressed anon her. dc; not con;

ple, then, be analyzed to, meet those
requirements. ‘ '
When the suitable. material has been

. selected, attention should be turned to

the cloth’s suitability to the child in
question. The color must be one in
which she looks well and the pattern
appropriate for her ago. By sugges-
tion display and study familiarize her
with these requirements, and you will
develop in her a taste for simple, well-
made clothes she would be far less apt
to have were shej continually wearing
dresses with no thought asgto why they
were 0: such a celor or material or out
in such a way.

Though the desirability of simple

found sinipleness with plainne’ss.

 

 

 

 

 

\__l

ing for several days with one filling.
Then how easy to simply turn a burner
and apply a match when you want a
fire. No splitting kindling or sending
the children scurrying for chips when
you suddenly discover you are out of
bread and have biscuits'to make. No
cooling of the oven with a delicate
cake baking, because you forgot to fill
the stove andthe wood has all burned
out.

Best of all, think of the comfort in
summer. The hours of standing over
a scorching stove are eliminated. The
meals may be gotten and fruit canned
in a cool room. And on ironing day
you can have,the stove moved outside
onto a sheltered porch and do the iron-
ing in comparative comfort, if you
have not yet attained the luxury of a
charcoal or gasoline iron.

Get the iron, however. They may be

gotten’for a small sum and the steps ‘
they save you in traveling back and
forth for a hot iron more than pay
back the money you spend. Along with
the irdn get a mangle. You probably
will not want to pay $150 for an iron-
ing machine, but the mangle will do
sheets, towels, unstarched kitchen ap-
rons, and even men’s work shirts quite ‘
satisfactorily.
. With your stove and laundry appli-
ances eliminating unnecessary heat,
you will get through the summer in
much better shape than ever before.

 

This Type has Advantages where
Space is Limited.

Correctly

simply cut dress finished at neck and
sleeves with a bit of lace, or brighten-
ed by contrasting material in banding
or piping, is attractive, but a plain
dress, absolutely devoid of all “finish—
ing touches” is actually homely, and in
all but the poorest‘of families, wholly
unnecessary. Teach thervalue of these
simple means of finishing a dress.
Contrast the severely plain dress with
the slightly trimmed one. Also, when
opportunity presents itself, point out
the mistake of overtrimming. A dress
halt covered with lace and ribbonsand .
ornamental buttons is not only in tho ‘.

taste, but is generally mere cheap disfi i

play .
If daughter lends a hand a ‘
washing and ironipg she will ”

  

 

 

 

 

  
 
  
 
   
     


  
  
 

 
     
 
 
    
 
 

   
  
  

 

dress.

as H was
'" "do“ for «nosed-seen.“

 

l

 

sea

'crepe underwear hi harem-er .m rides.

once to that which requires starching
andi'ironing... ‘ . 3 .' ,

It- takes time, 'or ,jcourse, to teach
these things, and there, are but, few
' farm mothers'flhose time is not lim-
- ite‘d; yet other things can better be

slighted than the opportunity of teach-
ing your daugher all you know and
can; learn about the {why and where-
fore of the clothes she wears. When
she grows up and finds work away
from home, you will forget, the dust
that showed on your chairs, the stove
that needed blacking, and the many
other. duties neglected, to seek her op-
inion and work with her on her
’ clothes, in the satisfaction you have of
seeing her on her home-visits, wisely,’
,becomingly, yet economically dressed.

 

PERMIT FAULTFINDING

‘DO 'NOT
- AT THE TABLE.

 

. BY JULIA. B. DAVIS.
To have a comment made on dishes
" at the table, as too much or too lit-
.tle seasoning, etc., is a habit into

which many families unconsciously ,

fall. It is very trying to the house-
wife, and besides has a tendency to
make the food appear less inviting, and
gives a depressing efiect, as all fault-
finding does.

One mother noticed that this habit
was growing on her children, and de-
termined that some way must be found
to stop it. She called a family meet-
ing and told them that she did her best
to have the food and table just as nice

as she could, and that they should do _

their part and be kind and polite, keep
still about any dish they did not espe-
cially like. She emphasized the fact
that criticism at the table was not
good manners.

She told them that if they had any-
thing special to criticize they could
come to heralone after the meal and

she would be glad to listen to the com- .

plaint. But strange to say, being for-
bidden to criticize at the table, the

' children made very few. private com-I

ments. _ . . .

From that time on the mother was
careful not to criticize any dish her-
self, and did not allow it done by the
others. She was watchful, however,
that everything. was well cooked, and

the habit of fault-finding at the table ‘

in that family has entirely ceased.

 

on. LAMPS.

 

BY: HARRIET m.

Our house is lighted by oil lamps
and the Work I hate most is cleaning
the lamps. l‘ have made it as easy as
possible in the following way:

Turn the wick low before blowing

out the light so it won’t smoke so

much.

Trim wicks and wipe burners every
day, so they won’t smoke and black
the burners. ‘

Set all the lamps ina row, open. be
fore beginning to an. Use a light can
with a. well-placed spout to pour oil
from.

Wipe lamps with paper.

Wet a sheet of newspaper and rap-
idly wash all the chimneys, setting
them on the stove. Take off before too
hot and .wipe with newspaper.

Everything can be done rapidly in
this way and lamps and chimneys will
shine. .

 

_._....l..

"Household Editorz—Pleese tell me
how to remove ink stains from white
linen—Mrs. G. J. l‘. v
,‘;'Soak the spot in milk, either sweet

" 01-hour.
3.3". a day or two, changing the milk if

 

‘ " a1“ .. Wheaten.” tensor soft i.

  

HOME enemas. 5‘ ' ,

It may be necessary to leave ‘

 

 

   
 
  
  
   
  
  
  
    
  
   
 
 

be made.

damaged. .

quality.

" I You Probably Never

_ ‘ I Thought

Every flour is not all flour.

A kernel of wheat is composed of various substances, several of which
are not flour, and it requires very careful milling to separate all of the
inferior material from the 1321. flour.

To begin with we clean the wheat three times, scour it three times and
actually wash it once before it goes onto the Rolls for the first break,
' so that no dirt may get into the flour.

Of course after crushing the kernel the various substances are all mixed
up together; in other words, the bran, middlings, lowgrade, clear and
straight arevmixed up with the high grade flour and a separation must

‘All inferior materials—l) are eliminated from

,   Lily White .?

“Tum” an em cooking."

It is _a_l_l clean, pure, wholesome, healthful flour, every bit of it.

We could sell flour at lower prices if we Were to leave the inferior pori
tions of the Wheat berry in the good flour, but the good flour would be

And we desire LILY WHITE to continue to be the best flour it is
possible to produce; we want it to continue to give the same splendid
satisfaction it always has given.

To give such satisfaction it must ill be pure, choice flour, consequently %
we take out all of the undesirable materials.

YOU are the one who really gains by this, for when you buy LILY
WHITE FLOUR you obtain a_I_l_ Hour, of the very choicest possible

Every flour is not a_ll flour and will not give you as good satisfaction
as LILY WHITE, so when buying flour insist on having the best
and the purest, LILY WHITE, “The flour the best cooks use”, " ,.

VALLEY CITY MILLING "COMPANY , . ' »

GRAND RAPIDS. MICHIGAN

.

  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
   
 
     
    
   
    
        
     
     
     
      
     
     
      
   
       
     
    
    
     
      
  
       

of This

:7. new

i a"

l

;' :3? 3’) e
,-' \

.
7’?” 5.5 ="

. 3‘ .\
\Z. ""5

,1
I?

‘oa-m-OI. (I‘I‘

 

   

55 on a beauti-
ful Kalamazoo Oil Range.
Cook with kerosene fuel. Save work
and oceans of time. Get hot meals in a
iiEy—in a cool kitchen. Wick or wick-
less styles. Big, powerful burners. Hot
blue flame. With or without baking ovens.
Om thermometer. Glass fuel tank. Direct
from our factory. Save 55 in price.
WWW. -

m m.

i

A Kola li‘. also
l)i.l- {i [It \Vatq

     

 

MICHIGAN FARMS}! PATTERNS.

 

Any of me patterns illustrated may

 

'-lfies'<fi$s¥019red;: Some of the"
meals reaches! use‘rgmw

  
 

w

3° 39W by undies artistic Pattern
D ' Wm.mws
{thew set M the
patterns-wan .' .

. i

   

No. 2816——A Pretty Frock. Cut in
four sizes, 14, 16, 18 and 20 years. Size
18 will require 61/, yards of 27-inch ma-
terial. The skirt measures about two
yards at the foot, with plaits drawn
out. Price 10 cents.

¢~(,-'

        

No. 2809—Ladies’ Dress. Cut in sev-

en sizes, 34, 5‘6, 38, 40, 42, 44 and 46'

inches bust measure. Size 38 will re-
quire six yards of 44-inch material.
Width of skirt at lower-edge is about
two yards, with plaits extended. Price
10 cents.

 

No. 2813—Gir1s’ Dress. Cut in five
sizes, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 years. Size six
will require 2% yards of 36-inch mate-
rial. Price 10 cents.

Ne. 2808—Gir1s’ Dress. Cut in four
since, 6, 8, 10 and 12 years. Size eight
requires 3%, yards at 27-inch material
for =the dress, and three~quarters of a

, for the bolero” Price 10. cents. .

4r

 

 

  

2819——Child’s vDress. Cut in
Size four

No.
three sizes. 2, 4 and 6 years.
requires 2% yards of 36-inch material.
Price 10 cents. '

  
   

  
 
   

           
 
 

 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     

 

 

 

  
  

  
 


   
         

\ \ .‘
\‘/(II‘(I()}}1‘/()/'/‘
7W

. No pull, squeeze or strain,an anywhere;
body free and clothing easy. The exclu-
sive President comfort feature, adjusting
‘in unison with ‘he slightest body move—
ment, makes comfort certain. No greater
wearing qualities obtainable. Absolute
satisfaction ALL WAYS or money back .

Buy only suspenders marked ‘Presi-

  
 

    
   
 

 

‘ dent" on the buckle- then you' re safe.

A“ dealers.

('5

Shirley. Mass.

Regular
Length
50c

Extra
Lona
55c

Extra
Heavy
75¢

 

   

 

10,000 Miles
" Guaranteed and
No Punctures

After ten years test by
thousands of our users,

 

punctures. b owouts.
rim out. skidding, oil. 31w
oline. In s on; troub ble
root Written 10. 000mile
porontee. Some so 015 to
.000 miles.
":3? 'EM AT 00R EXPENSE
V
°d" p" °Vi’1'-ltoDo oil-y for
eonvinel

 

 

There's one for every ‘
‘2 home or farm need. .1, -

 
 
 
   
   
  
  
  
 
  
 

Myers Self-Oiling Electric 1 _
House Pump shown here,
andother Myersfiand and Power a, ,-;'= -~1 5:":

Pumps for home water systems. :1

running water in kitchen.
room. laundry. sndi n ham
or s. T1lilyelr‘s ((lfialfirs or-
myw ere. ey an e yers
Hay Tools. Door Hangers and
Hmdsnd PowerSprayOutfi ts ‘ ,
too. Ask yourstoday orwrite 1; '* ‘~ .
{or catalog. it' s FREE.

I". E. MYERS & BRO.

814 Fourth 3!.
You OFBEE

mazlszosle hoioioof nthe famous ‘llne of

; ' g"diamouli'n'm cl showni n
in an? “' wFroe

.~Wo y all be freight
, ~f ' ghoul tfiiwfyow‘nwg.
‘ 300a sl-‘rss rls «M o.
the hie setuolrld

‘3'. again your own town
2'12: ifilmonth. Donotbuyuntllyoo

out new Mat and
wait: -Direet-1§a-'Rider

 

' ragga-mm...
@fifimm' _

 

. M. loos sun 50.. Cor-luau.- 00%

i 1‘ adder Sweet com” ‘3. 00 {E
V‘ com: um cm. Moo, as...

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

UN and get some willow boughs;
R reach them to me to help me

out;” cried Jerry McNichols. to
a scare of boys crowding to the side of
the rustic bridge, gaping horrifiedly at
the place where a little girl comrade,
having tumbled overboard, had disap-
peared under the surface of the stream.
“I’ll jump in and keep Maggie afloat
till you come.”
With these words scarcely uttered,
the boy dove into the wide, deep pool
which the creek formed at this point
where it cut through the roadway lead-
ing to the cluster of half a hundred
houses and a large hotel, comprising
the residential factors of a delightful
mountain resort.
The boys addressed, grasping the
implications of Jerry’s instructions, all
but two, rushed for the clump of wil-
lows a few hundred feet down stream,
compliantly bent upon doing his bid-
ding. One of those who did not head
for that spot, raced at top speed in the

era] hundred yards away. The other
boy not accompanying the party speed-
ing for the willow branches, stood
stock still among the score or so of
girls, waiting and wringing hands, or
standing in statue-like motionlessness
and with faces colorless to the lips.

“That rail,” cried one girl. “It has
been broken and loose a long time. I
knew it would give way some day with
people leaning against it; and that
something dreadful like this would
happen.”

“And just now a dozen or so of us
were leaning against it," wailingly
charged another girl.

And a third sobbed: “Oh! and dear
little Maggie had to be the one to go
over into the water!”

And then, adding a new horror to
the situation, a voice, expressing a be-
lief that had just flashed upon the
owner of the voice: “J erry can’t swim;
he can’t help Maggie. They will both
drown.”

A lamentation greeted this; but im-
mediately, as both Maggie and Jerry
appeared above the surface, the boy
close to the girl, and evidently support-
ing her with one of his arms, the la-
mentation changed to a shout of hope,
a frenzied scream of encouragement.

But this shouting and screaming was
hushed as every eye caught sight of
a glancing figure of a little girl rush-
ing upon Francis Snyder, the one boy
who had remained among the girls.

“Francis Snyder, there’s a chance
for Maggie and Jerry,” cried the girl
in a high falsetto, pointing at the boy's
breast a finger both accusative and im-
perative. “You jump right in that wa-
ter and help.” .

“Yes, that's so," shrieked another
girl, pushing through the crowd to
Francis Snyder. “You’re the best boy
swimmer in the state. And you’re al-
ways bragging about it. Get in and
save them.”

A third, crying out incoherently but
manifestly meaning the thing these
others expressed, forced a passage fur-
iously through the crowd plainly mind-
ed to push the swimmer into the water
to do his duty.

But Francis was too quick for her;
with a yelp of terror he dodged her
and like the wind he flew towards the
open country.

At the moment, this renegade scurry-
ing from one end of the bridge, fled
away, at the other end there dashed
upon the structure and into the dis-
tracted group, a newcomer And he

 

.; ,

direction of a golfing party visible sev- ,

       

* soldiers, it seemed that the burdens!

came upon the scene just as the ear

The Future F ootball“L”1Man

i By- Jorep/z H. Benne’r

clamations of dismay and terror from
the group of girls changed to cries of
astonishment and hope.

The reason for this change of feel-
ing was the fact that Jerry McNichols
was not only handling himself expert-
ly in the water, but that he was bold-
ing above the surface, the flower-like
face of Maggie Spurgeon.

As the wild floundering was succeed-
ed by the steady movement of the bed-
ies in the water, consequent upon Jer-

ry’s mastery of the situation, one little '

girl cried, “Why, Jerry can swim, he’s
helping Maggie.”

The ability to- swim which to the
others, was a newly discovered ability
in Jerry was, to the new arrival not an
hitherto unknown ability; and he at

 

 

once offered assurance and explana-
tions.

“Sure, Jerry can swim,” he exclaim-
ed, the while watching the heroic and
successful efforts of his friend in the
water, as slowly he kicked himself and
his charge towards land.

"Oh, hello, Charlie Meinert,” greet-
ed someone speaking to the newcomer.

“When did Jerry learn swimming?”
inquired another of the company.

“Francis Snyder made sport of him
for just caring about running and
jumping and football,” said Charlie.
"So Jerry went to work to learn to
swim, saying he would shortly beat
Snyder at his own sport. Jerry learn-
ed last winter, in the Lehigh Univer-
sity swimming pool. Jerry’s father,
you know, is a professor in that uni-
v'ersity.’ The physical director giVes
Jerry some privileges round/the gym-
nasium."

- At this moment the sounds of re-
joicing and encouragement changed to
horrified exclamations.

' ing! 1

,"They're going down! Jerry is sink-

Oh!” -

» Out of the general cry of distress
rose one voice, that of Charlie Mein—
ert. “If only Francis Snyder was
here,” he exclaimed. ' “Where is Fran-
cis Snyder? He could help.” And say—
ing this, Charlie, his face drawn with
sudden anxiety, searching for the
champion s'wimmer, scanned the group
of boys, bearing willow branches, and
coming on the run in their return
from the willow trees.

“He was here, but he ran away.”

“Ran away," exclaimed Charlie. And
then, “Oh,’well,” he declared, “Snyder
always was a miserable coward." He’s

best at making sport of other people, '

and knocking things.

The dozen golfers, attracted by the
hullaballoo, and by the calling of the
boy running to summon their aid, and
by whom they had been‘informed of
the identity of the boy and the girl :in
the water, had come in full cry. 1 And
now there daShed onto the bridge, in
the lead of the party, two men,2Mag-
gie’s father and Jerry’s father. With-
out slackening speed and not stopping
to divest themselves of any clothing,
they dove headlong into the stream.

But then again something happened
which was contrary to what was or
pected. There sounded upon the scene
a command for an action at variance
with what appeared so necessary to be
done. And it happened at the instant
the two men were going to lay rescu-

ing hands, each upon his own child;

and the command, given in a. voice
which a gulping and strangling note
seemed trying to smother, was still a
shrilly imperious voice. Moreover it
was J erry’s. ,

“Hands off,” Jerry cried. “Who's do-
ing this anyway? I’m all right. I’ve
got her.”

The men, giving each other quick
inquiring glances, decided to hold off.
to hover about, awaiting developments.
However, Maggie's father never let his
eyes flit for an instant from his little
girl’s face where, within reach of his
arm, it floated like a lily above the sur-
face of the water. _

It was but a period of time required
to take a half dozen kicks, vigorously
given, and then the uncertain up and
down, under water, ab0ve water, bob-
bings of Jerry's head ceased. His feet
were firmly planted upon the bottom.

That evening, sitting together and
talking about the near-tragedy of the
afternoon, Maggie’ s father declared to
Jerry’ s father:

“Well, I'm quite certain that, life
and health remaining to your splendid
boy, Jerry, he cannot be denied having
his wish that some day he will be an
“L" man on the Lehigh University
football team." '

‘ Our Prize Contest

FIRST PRIZE.

 

Why I'Joined Our Girls’ Club.
The club to which I belong was
formed during the most strenuousldays
of the world war. Reports came in
every day of the horrible struggle in
France, and of the part which cur Am-

erican boys were taking in turning the,

tide of battle. As we read of the her-
oism and unceasing devotion of our

 

this war was unequally divided. Many
otourmenwere sacfificfngtheil'llves

. 3‘

on the altar of Liberty, while we were
staying at home, looking 'on and'doing

, nothing to make the burden lighter.

Finally nine of we freshman girls or-
ganized a club to knit, do Belgian re«
lief work, and various other kinds of
labor". We met once a week, during

the seven days we worked an hour a 1 1‘ .~
day on our sewing. As the Red Cross.“ :" ‘
would not allow children to work on "1'..."
their Yarn we earned money, bought r

we turned itover to the Red" m
distribution. ' " ‘1- "

His clothes 1 are water-soakedl’

   
    
    

 


  

 
 
 
 

 

 

     
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     

 

, ed at that I thought I would try poul-

FW”W1L;WL . -

    
  
    
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
    

 

part ’soon left. ' p
7 At Christmas we filled fourteen bo'xé'
es for the Red Cross, and gave six
complete comfort kits to soldiers des-
tined to go overseas.

I have taken great comfort in our lit-
tle club, and have had a small, warm
feeling around my heart When I think
that we have done a little, perhaps, to
help in the overthrow of autocracy.—-
Harriet Garrison, Hartford, Michigan.
Age fourteen years.

 

HONORABLE MENTION.
Why I Joined Our Girls’ Club.

Last year the girls in our district
started a club for girls. I didn’t know
about it at first, so I didn’t join until
last month. I heard one of the girls
talking about it, and saying, “My, but
my mother is glad I joined that club.
because the leader is Miss Smith, and
she teaches us how to sew, how to.
cook, and at the same time to be hon-
est, and mind the instant she speaks
to us.”

Then I asked her the particulars,
and she told me. Then I asked mother
if I might join, too, and mother said.
“of course you may."

The next time they had a meeting I
went, and had a very nice time. And
mother lets me help her bake and sew
now, and it is a great deal of fun, and
mother was telling my aunt that she
was very glad I joined, because I can
help her now, and it is a pleasure. Be-
cause I mind .when she speaks to me.
and tell but: few lies. Then my aunt
asked me if I was glad I joined, and I
said, “you can bet I am, for it teaches
me how to make work easy, and that
you gain many more friends, by tell-
ing the truth, and doing what you are
asked to do, when you are asked to
do it."¥—Cora Elizabeth Wilson, Kala-
mazoo, Michigan. Age fourteen years.

 

HONORABLE MENTION.
Why I‘Joined Our Boys’ and Girls’
Club.
The reason I joined is because I like
the work. It is interesting and is good
outdoor exercise. I tried pou}try rais-

ing. and have just sent for bulletins on " “
_ chicken raising.

Neither my mother
nor father are telling me how to start
in to raise them, or have told me what
they wanted me to try. I used my own
judgment, and took Plymouth Rocks.
The reason I took them was that they
are easy to raise, and are quite good
to eat. They develop quicklyhand are
soon feathered out. In the fall they sell
for a good price at hotels for broilers.

Last year I joined the club and rais-
ed beans because of the large profit
I expected. The weather was not good
and so they were spelled. After I fail-

try—Margaret Lynn.

 

 

Our Prize Context, .

0 the boy or girl writing the-

best letter. of less than 250
words on each of the following
subjects, the Michigan Farmer
will give a. cash prize of $1.00.

Subject of letter to be mailed,
by June 16: ,
“The job I would like."
Subject of letter to be mailed
by June 23: ,
“Out-of-door games I like the
best." '
Subject of letter to be mailed
by June 30: ,
"The birds near my :home."
Write neatly with ink on one
side of the sheet only. Give your
agehfull name and address. ~
. , Address your. -lett'ers .to. The l
: Boys’mnd Glfls‘ Dom. Irishman -

 

 

 

 

 

- ism,» for we served no‘refreshmem‘ , .
and 80' girls who joined for the social a

 
  
  
  
 
  
  

 

  

 

 

. never a let-up for coasting

for many good reasons.

at a greatly accelerated rate.

.piece, leak-proof construction.

  
  
 
 

  

mourns:

SPIREX

RADIATOR S

 
 

retested.

  

   

 

I

It prevents excessive vibration, cuts evenly, steadily,j
rapidly, and IS an excluswe feature found only on

I l “ The World’s

Ensllage Cutters Standard"
BeCause of this center-shear cut and absence of vibration, the
Kalamazoo will do more work, better work and outlast any.
other cutter m the world. .

Never have the farmers of Ameri-
ca soquickly recognized superior cut-
ter merit as in the Kalamazoo. They
are built to give satisfaction—and
they dwbrolutely. Eve farmer
and dairyman who sees t e Kala-
mazoo Ensilage Cutter at work,
'wants one. Now being used on over
60,000 farms.

The forward-lookingfarmer should begin
now tqmvestigate the many advantages
of owning Ins own Kalamazoo Cutter.

KAIAMAZOO TANK AND SILO C0.
M1113 , KALAMAZ

   

It illustrates and fully de-
scribes our cornplete line _
ensilage cutters and contains
£13! the kind of advance information you fore

vesting-your money in any cutter. , 00, HIGH.
ram:

Withstanding the
Roughest Usage

. Rough going-heavy soil—thousands of pounds dead
weight pull on the drawbar—the mighty internal com-
bustion engine working constantly, hour after hour, with.

Under such relentless usage as this.‘ the tractori ,
radiator must perform its part—must not let the engine.
overheat beyond the high point of motor efficiency.

The SPIREX tractor radiatoreasily stands such tests‘

. First, the famous SPIREX Spiral in each cell gives a centrifugal
action to the air as it passes through—cooling the water in the cores

Second, the SPIREX has unusually large water channels—of one-

‘Third. the SPIREX core is of extra heav‘y COpper radiator stock,
adding greatly to its strength and rigidity.

Scientific in principle, correct in design and accurately made
fi'om the finest material obtainable, SPIREX superiority is not a claim,
It IS a demonstrated fact proved by hundreds of busy tractors
and trucks in hard daily use. .

There's a Radiator Booklet in which you'll be in-'

It describes and pictures the features
of the SPIREX spiral.

MODINE MANUFACTURING COMPANY)
Racine, Wisconsin /

 
 
  
      
     
   
     
     
   
   
   
     
   
   
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
    
  
  
 
  
 
     
 
 
      
    
 
 

or stops—

Let us mail it to you. ‘

 

R TIRES ARE
0 - RETREADED

They wear like iron because Quality
as well as Quantity is part of them.
More fabric and as much rubber as a
new tire because they are double trend-
ed—dcuble chain stitched—«cheaper
by half—and not one dissatisfied cus-
tomer in our long business career.

The following are the little prices 0!
teed tlr

our suntan es.
Blue Price Size Price
3013 7.00 34“ 812.00
30in i-2 8.50 34“ 1-2 13.50
32:: 1:2 9.00 35x4 1-2 14.00
33x4 11.50 3024 1-2 14.50

Add $1.00 to the ab on for Non-Skid Tin

2 percent of! for cash with order.
10 percent deposit required with all C.0.D. orders

R. K. Tire Company
837 No. Broad St. Philadelphia, Pa,

Sand for descriptive booklet and price list.
Good Territory Open for Live Agents

 

 

 

W.

 

3" .; . ‘3

in,

  
  
   

Please Mention ' The Michigan Farmer When

 

 

15-30 BATES TRACTOR

and Four Bottom Plow For Sale

cheap. Will consider good car in trade.

J.H.Krause, Box 125, Lansing,Mich

Salesman Wanted

Use your spare time profitably by
representing ‘the Michigan Farmer in
your neighborhood. You can work up
a pleasant and profitable business tak-
ing care of new and renewal subscFlp-
tlons for us. You will be interested In
our special literature and attractive
subscriptlon rates. Address,

 

l‘ The Michigan Fermenbetroit, Mich. .‘

Writing to Advertisers

 


Kills Lice

and Mites in Feathers,

Nests and ‘Coops

Lie co and mites can't live

where Hofstra is sprayed.

yet it is entirely harmless

to hens and baby chicks.

To exterminate the whole

tribe of lice and mites simply spray Hof-
atra. powder in hen house. in coops and in
the feathers of hens and chicks themselves.

KILL

Fleas,

Flies, Ants, Roaches, Gar-
den Bugs and Worms,
Mosquitoes, Bed Bugs, Etc.
Nearly all known insects breathe through
their skin pores. Hofstra exerts a. chemical
action that seals their pores—shuts off their
air—kills 'em dead, quick. NOT a poison;
entirely harmless to humans or animals: safe
to use anywhere: simple. easy to apply and
cheap.

15c Loaded Guns; 25c, 50c and 81.00
Packages at Grocers’ and Druggists’
Get the genuine in yellow metal gun or
square yellow package. It dealer hasn't it
send us his name and 15 cents and we'll mail
you a trial loaded gun, postpaid.

HOFSTRA MFG. CO.
403 N. Cheyenne
_ Tulsa, Okla.

 

POULTRY

 

BHIGKS GHIBKS GHIBKS

350, 000 FOR 1919

T "__"V'—

By Parcel Post Prepaid. Delivered To
You. Guarantee Live Delivery.,

Our chix are from pure
bred tarm stock that are
hatched right. Have utility
and exhibition

ms. Wred

Rooks. Rose a Single Comb
Reds. White Wyandottes.
B. O. noonas Buil' Orping-
tons. 3. 0.
and 01
.113 to $9 p
.nation odor on chix.

hovers and brooder stoves.

Give us your order and we

will do all we can to make
you a satisfied customer, the same as hundreds of
others Before ordering elsewhere at our free
illustrated catalog, get your order in ear y.

1' HUBER’S RELIABLE HATCHERY
EAST HIGH s12. Fosromspmo.

HOMESTEAD FARMS

A Federation of Interests

F 1] Oh' ks for 8 ring Layers-White and Brown
L: horn;c Anoonasp Black Minorcas: Bra rred Rocks;
11..“ Il;eds W Wyandottes. All breeds hatching eggs.

Turkeys, Geese Ducks, Cockerels—for fall delivery.
Robbin-Belgians: New Zeelands.

Bend for explanation of tall chicks and illustrated
catalog.

BLOOMINGDALB FARMS ASSOCIATION,

Bloomingdale. Michigan

Black Minorcas

 

CHICKS AhND PULLETS Ii ‘

Barron strain. Fro h producing bone that are

bred right and handledh ht. All from my own

hens. [fit as have at least whim woe to fill your
e

"a" rPerirsord‘yB‘uni‘aamsm R. 11.1. Holland.|Mich.

100,000 BABY CHICKS

for 1919 sent safely everywhere bdvs' mail or express.
Single bombW Lehg one an Anconas.
Gr nd layi strains. Strong orouos. hatched-
rig is kind. f’fentlhi seagorlii Sat tafa’clti on esmrarrl-zrntroed.
ve cos
2:353:11wa or s annippeledorrlyi. R. 7. Holland. Mich.

Bus arms-n tyne can .2“...
a
0 up we '3 rawlnten and Buf r‘l slaw

Airedale Pups me011 w";-
atchery. Blanchester.0.

 

15 «its r1
per .11“ p6 Smilinoj

andW bite Orp
s c. w. Leg s ”its 0. Br Le
Sunny Side l’ouitry Farmed

Rocks. Selected eggs from vigorous purebred
yng

aan'd stock of good lay abilitys.‘ 82 per 15: 85per

P d h e]
60 ‘10 per 11(1le .lliefBRiBY y Earle last: Lansing. Mich.

Bifled ROClI co test winners. eggs from stran
‘ggl‘i’ rléccgdso‘ to 2910af year. 82.l)0
setting u at
P" p" 1111 18eran amines... Mich.

cm k .1 eggs from healthy heavy
. R093 1. cores “Face need. can
r c surrn

o f
13112:“;
- ' 'anam) Rocks exclusively. Home: baby cinch (or
LT 11th i first. Htac hing anytime.
Poi-igld’er :33 iii-loo: y n. n. Pie‘rco. Je‘rqs no. 11111112

l (illicit: Emu“ t “.‘o “z 1
ll! GoshggstP‘imltry "inking“. go?” a magi.

my Chicks: goamte“ and Brogtngnlh 'te

fimfi “his :9

Buff LogliorM
3‘“ “8%;

'9 Wfitcrflfio more: -
« “lumen: humerus-v

urubnsco.

It 2, :Zeolend.’ Mich.

‘ vigor.

' friends

PROBABLY TUBERCULOSIS.

Can you tell me what to do for my
hens? They get lame and then they
have a greenish diarrhea, the cords of
their legs seem to be stiff, and it seems
to affect the hens more than the roost-
ers, as I have lost about fifteen hens
the last two months.

Mrs. J. E. T.

I would like to know what to do
with hens that are healthy and become
lame and in a week’s time die. E K.

Lameness results when the joints be-
come swollen from the disease. If the
birds have rapidly emaciated or gone
light, it is very apt to be tuberculosis.
Additional proof is found by a. post-
mortem examination. The liver may
be covered with greyish-whlte nodules.
Birds that show this condition of lame-
ness and emaciation should be killed
immediately and burned, as it is con-
tagious. Then use the best possible
sanitary measures with the remainder
of the flock and feed them with bal-
anced rations to keep up their vitality.
This trouble seems to be more preval-
ent in the poultry flocks every year
and precautions should be taken to
“breed from vigorous mature stock and
cull out all birds that are lacking in
Poultry houses should be con-
structed so that plenty of sunlight can
strike the floor and the droppings
boards. The bacillus is soon killed by
the direct rays of the sun even'though
disinfectants may destroy it very slow-
ly. Sunlight, fresh air and good food
are probably the poultryman's best
in fighting tuberculosis and
other diseases that attack the flock.

R. G. K.

FEEDING THE FLOCK.

How much grain should be fed in
litter in morning for a flock of one
hundred hens? How much meat scrap
should be fed every day and in what
way? I can get only dried pork lard
scraps. Is this the right kind of meat?
I soak this and grind it For green
feed I have only cut alfalfa hay. Is
this sufficient? At noon I feed cooked
small potatoes mixed with bran as a
hot mash. Does this take the place of
a dry mash? I also feed corn at night.
They also get table scraps.

Otsego Co. A. J. T.

The appetites of different birds will
vary but about a handful of scratch
grain per bird will be about right. We
try to give the birds enough to keep
them scratching busily in the litter for
several hours. The amount of grain

other feeds that are used and the
”weather. If the birds can use the
range on pleasant days they will not
need quite as much scratch grain as
on a cold wintry day.

The Michigan Agricultural College is
recommending the following mesh con-
taining beef scrap: Three » hundred
pounds of. fine ground oats; 100 pounds
of wheat bran; 100 pounds of gluten
meal; 100 pounds of beef 'scrap. For-
merly most poultrymen did not exceed
ten per cent- of beef scrap in the dry
mash but there seems to be a tendency
to increase the per cent of beéf scrap
and it is meeting With success. The
best way to feed the beef scrap is in
the dry mash." We have used (by pork
lard scraps in the mash muchthesame
as the beef scrap, but 1&6 boot my

.thebeet.

outm‘nsywmmmwnyen

 

necessary will also depend upon the

or might spend $1 500101. a new dairy

barn and the improvement in his "farm

-. might possibly add enough to its sale
‘ value so that he could get his money

Poultry Queries Answered

.of the dry mash in hoppers but the

dry mash is ,a labor; saver and the
birds seem to do very well when fed
in that manner. When feeding corn at
night, give the birds all they will clean
up so they will go to roost with full
crops. If the birds receive a large
amount of table scraps they obtain a
ration that is very nearly balanced
without further trouble. The scraps
from the table will contain some meat
and green food and help very much in
keeping the birds in healthful condi-
tion. If there are many bones in the
table scraps it will pay to buy a small
bone grinder as ground bone is fine
for egg production. We should say
that your flock should be well fed with
the ingredients you mention but possi-
bly the results will be a. little better
and some labor will be saved by using
a dry mesh in hoppers.

POSSIBLY BRONCHITIS.

My ducks are dying with a strange
disease. First they stand with their
heads stretched up and breathe hard
as if they had something in the wind-
pipe. This gradually grows into a
whistling, rasping sound which can be
heard for some distance. They neither
eat nor drink, just stand around in
that condition for maybe two or three
weeks, and when they die they just
seem to drop over- Will you tell me
what ails them, and also the cure?
These are three-year-old ducks.

Mrs .H. W. G.

Fowls may contract bronchitis in
damp cold windy weather or because
of draughts in the roosting house. They
will extend the head and gasp because
mucus gathers in the air passages and
hinders breathing. The bird will lose
its appetite and soon become emaci-
ated and the condition may last sev-
eral weeks and then improve or result
in death. Ten drops of turpentine ad-
ded to a tablespoonful of castor oil
will often help to clear up the condi-
tion of the throat. Place afflicted birds
in a clean sunny house where they are
protected from rain and wind but have

-of, the business.

out of the enterprise at any time. On
the other hand, he might spend the
same amount of money on a long lay-
ing house and it would not add so
much. to the sale value of the place as
it would be more difficult to find a buy-
er who was Specializing in poultry. A
dairy farmer or general live stock
farmer would not be able to use‘the
poultry equipment to the best advan-
tage. ‘If the farm only Contained a
large number of poultry houses and an
insignificant barn it is obvious that it
would not sell at the right price ex-
cept to a poultryman. .
For this reason it is evident that be-

ginners in the poultry business must .

go slow. The best way is to begin on
a small scale and then develop the en-
terprise as the earnings from the bus-
iness warrant the expenditures. If ev-

erything goes along right there willpo-

casionally be available capital for ex-
pansion and then new buildings can be
constructed. When the number of
quality birds on hand becomes large
and the experience has increased be-
yond the amateur stage it is possible
t0«build large houses, feed roOms and-
incubator cellars with a. large margin
of safety, Throughout‘the country are
many large poultry plants which have
been closed down after a wonderful
start with houses and general poultry
equipment. Some of the owners have
been well able to afford any losses that
have occurred and others have been
financially crippled by their venture.
At the same time it is possible to visit
thriving poultry farms which have
been‘ built up slowly from the profits
The owners have de-
pended somewhat upon other sources
of income until their business develop-
ed but at all times they have tried to
be conservative and business-like. They
have neither become discouraged with
the poultry business because others
failed, nor toolishly elated when other
breeders "seemed to make much money.
Their own account book has told them
little stories about the business which
have been true.

When feed comes down, if it ever

does, there will be many farmers who
will wish to develop their poultry bus;
iness on a larger scale. This will be
especially true if eggs keep to a fairly
high level and breeding stock is scarce.
Amateur farmers will find that the

Small HouseslAreiPreferable ‘Unlese One Specializes on Poultry. ;"

plenty of fresh air One-grain doses of;
quinine sulphate given three times per‘

day is also recommended forbirds with
bronchitis. '

BUILDlNG A POULTRY BUSINESS. f
"_ and build carefully as poultry prodaoo
often ind ' '
wonder how much they can safely.
invest in equipment. It is peeps-f

EGINNERS with poultry

poultry business. appeals to them and"?

some will wish to spend more money
in poultry equipment than will be ad-

visable considering their capital and '
experience. ‘ ‘

It is certainly good advice to go slow

eral farmer can '

~and-- -improve it

sarytogointothebuslaesaonalarso'

mummisnootherscuroeotin-

work. A roman

Wand this Mommas invest- 13%;.
sumciont green food. A hot flash fed 1.1193“ 19 buildings Which mm he and $.19 t0 t9 ‘

I}

 


    
  

 
   
 

  
    
  

   

    
  

 
  
  
  
     
  

, “right
business but the beginner Who goes

1ch learns mush by experience and

the expeiien‘co is- bought as cheap as
possible.

. , Ingham Co. . R. G. KraBY.

 

THE SPUR ’01- THE BETTER THING.

 

E have been going along in a

steady, every-day sort of a way,
with very commonplace hens. By feed-
ing them well we make themearn us
some money. The good wife kept the
accounts, and she was a good book-
keeper; but neither of us paid the
slightest attention to the cost of pro-
duction. We fed out of the farm grain
and bought a few things we did not
raise. We did not think it amounted
to much to figure up the cost of a doz-
en eggs.

The day came when a new light
broke in on us. We determined to
know more about cost; and when we
found out, we said: “Now we must
have some better hens. This working
for nothing and boarding ourselves is
done with." And wife and I hitched
up one night after supper and drove
three miles to get a few sittings of
Brown Leghorn eggs. We got them of
a man that was making a success of
his business. and who had choice, well-
bred stock. The looks of his flock of
itself was enough to spur us to better
things. The man whose heart is not
stirred by the appearance of a big
flock of hens. all of uniform color.
shape and general characteristics, had’
better not go into the poultry busi-
ness; he will not make a success of it.
' That was the incentive with us to
get better hens. The chicks we got
from the eggs we set did well. Some
of‘ those hens stayed on the farm till
they were old_and they did well till the
last. I have no idea how old they
were; but I presume they really were
"too old. We loved them so we could
not bear to see them go. It is not a
good thing to have favorites like that
among hens. Keep them untzl they
have done their best, then let them go.
is a better rule.

‘ But since then we have wanted bet-
ter and better hens. I wonder if we
ever get to a place where that is not
true with the ambitious man? Always
better and better poultry, and that is

'what makes the poultry world more

lsuccessful. E. L. V.

"FINISHING THE LATE-HATCHED

ATE hatched chicks may need

some forcing to bring them into
fair condition before the coldest days
‘of winter. Possibly the pullets cannot
be expected to lay' before January 1
and yet the laying will commence
sooner if these birds are given heavy
rations to develop them as large as
possible before they have to be housed
for the winter. Pullets that are late-
hatched and underfed in the fall are
nearly always a loss as they frequent-
ly become stunted and do not lay any
eggs until late in the next spring.
- Boiled oats will be consumed in
large quantities by ' the ' late-hatched
birds. Place a pail of the cats on the
range where they can. have access to
them at all times. A large capacity
crop can be developed in that way.
Boiled pumpkin mixed with bran is an
appetizer of which the birds will eat a.

' great deal and it also expands the crop

and gives the bird the large capacity
which stimulates rapid growth.

3 Send the late-hatched stock to bed
with a full crop. It pays to examine
the crops of the birds after they go to
roost and note the condition of the
crap: If the birds have plenty of food
before them and some individuals go

’ to bed with half-full crops it means

9:31;; those birds are not good feeders
and they should be culled out as soon

L . .3 “‘OI they are large enough to bring at

 

 

   
  

m their cost of production on the

“31‘. 1

13 . . . .. -.
the young birds come in that class.

. Frequently‘they 'are underfed,espec1al-

1:: if the corn crop happens to be less
than usual. It pays to feed them well
or they cannot-pay for the little that
they do’get. R. G. K.

WHY BOOSTING PAYS; .

T- has been commonly supposed that

chicks should not roost until they
are about half-grown or they will have
crooked breasts. We believe that when
a chick is well feathered out that its
wings are strong enough to lift its
body up on the roost and that nature
made those wings strong so that the
chick could get up elf the ground at
night and thus avoid as much danger
as possible.

When the chicks have learned to
roost it is much easier to protect them
from mites. If the perches are painted
with kerosene oil the mites will be
killed and if the birds use protected
roosts they will not be injured by the
mites. Lice are also easier to control
if the birds are on roosts which con-
tain no crevices in which the lice can
hide and the birds do not crowd on the
roosts and become overheated as they
do on the floor and this helps in keep-
ing down colds.

Some breeders do not like to have
the chicks roost at an early age and
they protect they by providing boards
raised a few inches from the floor on
which the birds can spend the night.
We believe that vigorous birds from
mature breeders can roost at an early
age without the danger of deformed
breasts. G. K. R.

PREVENTING SOFT-SH ELLED
EGGS.

HEN a hen lays a soft-shelled

egg, one marketable egg is lost
for the poultryman. The egg may be
eaten by other hens or the hell that
lays it and this often develops the egg-
eating habit. If the egg is dropped
among other eggs in the nest they are
all soiled and have to be 'washed. And
washing eggs is injurious to their
keeping qualities.

An over-fat hen is apt to lay soft-
shelled eggs as the fat hinders the
proper operation of the shell-forming
glands. Such a hen should be isolated
from the flock and fed a ration of bran,
and water and cats can replace most
of the corn in the ration. If the hen
continues to lay soft-shelled eggs she
should be marketed for table use. In
many cases time is saved by market-
ing fat hens as soon as they are found
instead of taking the .trouble to reduce
their weight. Sometimes the accumu-
lation of fat seems to result when a
hen has a lazy disposition and refuses
to scratch and such a bird is not a
profitable producer and should never
be used as a breeder.

Grain and clover contain a certain
amount of lime which is sometimes
sufficient for a hen to make strong
shells on the eggs produced. How-
ever. some hens will not seem to ob-
tain enough shell-making ' materialI
from their regular ration and for this
reason oyster shells must be provided
in hoppers at all times. We have nev-
er found many soft-shelled eggs in
houses where the oyster shell hopper
is always filled. A soft-shelled egg is
a. rare find in such a. house. Even if
the hens make fair quality shells with-
out oyster shells, it is better to supply
them and obtain ’ the stronger and
thicker shells which are better able to
stand jostling during transportation.

 

The feeding problem is greatly sim-
plified if females of about the same
age are kept together. 'What is an
ideal ration for old hens may be en-
tirely wrong for pallets. Separatelélé
them so as to obtain approximate re-
sults While ”feeding.

1»

 

   

lo on‘boued on
duh-«on; hook
{or ll. Remember

    

W or}: Suit
US,T look at this

picture—you can see
comfort and ease in
every line of these
LEE UNION -ALLS.
So practical! ( So con-
venient! So economi-
cal! Don’t wait! You
need LEE UNION-
ALLS now. Ask your
dealer. Write for
descriptive booklet.

Address Department 2236

The ll.ll.l.oe mercantile 00.

Kansas cry,
Kansas“ (lint,
South
Trenton, II. J.

 

   

  

easily caponizo your young

  

C
a?“ "Cnpon Tool a. parcel post prepaid

  

isififpr othes.

G. P.
2249 Arch Street,

FILLING &
Established 1814

 

Simple. convenient and easy to use. Com lete il-

lustrated instructions with most. show L
' rels. giving you

Double Weight and Double Price

per pound, at lower feed cost and with less care.

Turn your cockerels into profit making capons. be r

for payers than the females 111 your flock.

not of reliable, practical Filling “Easy an!” son.

Anyonowith th'n mdour directionscanmakcm \
Whine today for our FREE Capon Book-tells” how

SON CO.
W, Penna.-

    
 
  
 

owto

 

POULTRY ‘

[00K ch‘léfis $12 A 100 UP

B 8 ecial Dellve Parcel P mdlt-
fe’roni? thorob bryeds Utlllm mitiozid grades.
Live delivery guaranteed. .(IX) weekly.
Catalogues. Nabob Hatcheries. Gambler. Ohio.

CHICKS AND EGGS

Rose and Single Comb 3.1. Rods. Barred dPgmouth
Pam redstook. Form towed and
i uh ualxti Write to or catalog.
KES FARM. 30:39. Lawrence. Inch.

ChiCl‘s We ship thousands. orders
9 now for spring delivery. booklet.
FREEPORT EATOHERY. Box 12. Freoport.M.loh.

Blue CUSTOM HATCHING Hens

Fifteen down 6357;]! eggshell and chicks boxed and

mspod 9mm fresh well paokedpre-
pal Order July & August.d cks now. Mon ynrlooes
send for circulars. Orowont Fax Company .A h.

LaybiltS. C. W. Leg hornsm

magmas 131113111119 while. “Ourhgobby: " Strong
Day-Old Chi atoll every week. but please or-
der in advance. tuliiiooo’moh tin-“lot- of ‘43 1311' over. (imam-
anteed silvery ant vo and v y-- me
Salim Ohoicouoh. oooko inertia. of“

3'” & $33k?”
3:33:31. shit-WEE
WW Mud. 1531,52

 

 

 

 

dell

 

 

 

For} Sale. Yead Old Barred Rock Hens. Thoma
Strain. $3 each. Cocks $5. Ferris Strain S C

Leghmn Year Old Hens $2 oath. Cocks $33. Order at

once. Julv delivery.

RUSSEL POULTRY 'RANCH. Petembum. Mich.

 

75. 000 selected utility, exhibition, trap-
chix 150 up nested chicks. always 3W0 n.hand Some
10 days old. several varieties. Hatching egn
Booknan Hatchery. 26 E. Lyon. Grand

BABY CH'CKSuPrices Reduced“ he. '3'...

cular. Bred- to-lay B. O. W. Leghorns. Our stock plo-
duced the winners in the state demonstration farm
Sunnybrook Farm. Hillodalm’uloh.

Catalosua
amid).

 

work last year.

 

or sale “Buy the Best" go for hatching from an
estrain Barred l’l 1:10:51 Rock. 32. (I) per 15.35.“

for H B. CTOB, Grand Haven. Mich.

Hatchin

Sheridan

 

eggs Plymouth Rocks. all variation.
and Anconas.Illet1-ated cotalo 3o.
oultry Yards. Sheridan.

 

omeigh Poultry Farm. White Wyandotte's exclusive!
Ewan; broodln tree ran 1593:1182.

8.
Banks. 8.. Box melanoma, M

PULLETS Star“! as 8
Brown

month- old can chi at once. Price 81. 50.8 orns.

WOLVEnllVE HA OHEBY. 11.206 Zeoland. Mich.

 

 

“chi! 8150mrl5.88por10040l’ekln
duo 50(01- W?
“CLAUDIA n'r-rs 21111951119. Mich.
Whita- tor and no 15
Rhoth Island-.3151; 30..., will... °
J MP .lJnckson. Mich.

 

s. c. Brown Leghorn: Heavy layl strain. Farah
3-1155" $113013. 8. l. ullegxlnaton.

Snowy White Roch gas?!» 4:23..

Mrs Earl Do Venom-cg,

 

“messages... mm

_ Addition-l Poultry Mo. .0- Page .07

 
  
 
   
  
  
   
 
   
   
      
 
     
      
 
       
     
     
     
     
     
     
   
  
   
   
  
 
  
 
  
  
      
      
     
       
     
     
       
     
         
     
           
     
     
     
       
 
      
      
      
       
         
 

   
  
 

      
      
     
     
  
            
 
 
    
     
     
     
  
 

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‘W. E. SCRIPPS. Prop..

. Just two

' good ones.

    

A Lesson
in Dairying
OPHIE’S AGNES J et-
sey cow produced

1,000.07 pounds of butter-
fat in one year.

In that time she con-
sumed 1,825 pounds of Buf-
falo Corn Gluten Feed;
1,460 pounds ground oats,
1,095 pounds wheat bran, .
1,095 pounds corn meal,
and 730 pounds schumacher
feed, a total of 6,205 pounds.

Buffalo Corn Gluten

Feed was nearly V3 of her

’ total grain—and the only

high- -protein concentrate
she received.

Her half-ton of butter-
fat was worth $314 more
than all her grain feed cost.

\ You on M tofesd your cows 81417“qu Com
(03¢ (uteri Feed—and in summer
as well as winter.

CORN PRODUCTS
REFINING COMPANY ,
H. CHRYSTAL. Selling ,
Representative 909‘
Ford Bldg. Detroit

 
  
 
 
 
   
 

           
     
     
     
 
      
     
   
 
      
         
       
     
     
  

  

          
     
     
   
    
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
   

 

BREEDERS’ DIRECTORY

Change of Copy or Cancellations much reach us
Ten Days before date of publication

 

 

bull call, sired by our imported

“EDGAR at 1111111111”

recently sold in Scotland at the Perth
Bull Sale for the record price of 2,100
guineas, or $10,584. 00 in our money.

This goes to show the quality of the

ABERDEEN ANGUS

that Mr. Scrlpps is breeding He enjoys see-
ing good stock on “Wildwood” and believes that
THE 3551‘ 1: NONE 1'00 coon.

"Edgar of Dalmeny” won the Michigan Grand
Championship last Septemeber at the Michigan
State Fair and was a winner in his class at the
Chicago International last December.

We have a‘lew females with calves at foot and
re-bred to‘ Edgar of Dalmen‘ ’that Mr. Scripps
has consentedto sell to re uce the fast grow-
ing herd. Wr e To

WILDWOOD FARMS '

ORION, MICHIGAN
Sidney Smith.Supt.

 

 

 

 

 

Cloudy Aug“; a?“ 00V"). hfllfers and bull

good
GEO. HATHAWAYACPSON Ovid, 8Mich.

WOODCOTE ANGUS

. sit-1.11.1.1 ia mo.
mous—smcas .11 sucxsmns (Ilachcape).

Breeders and feeders of many Intern»
tional winners

Write For ”I9 Bull Sale Catalogue
WOODOOTE STOCK FARM, Innis. Mich.

 

 

 

f R t red Aberd Angus cattle.
Breeders gems-gig ghoice bullgmfior sale.
LANG G.BROS ., Davlson. Mich.

 

REGISTERED

GUERNSEYS

young earling bulls left,
ready for service. orne and look them
over quick, or write. They are the
Priced to sell.

{AYONDA‘LE STOCK FARM.
- Warns. Mica.

30 Grade Guernseys
For Sale

On account of sickness must dispose
of splendid herd of 30 grade Guern-
seys. Average Test for April at
Creamery 5%. Will sell in lots to
suit.

L 1.. Barney, Windermere Farm,
Watervliet, Michigan. ‘

SoMETHING EXTRA IN GUERNSEYB —May
Rose Bull Calf. Sired by St. VAustell Dreadnought

 

34671, by )Don Diavolo of LindaV ista, 23566. an from
Miss Bess of Yellowdale, A. B. 583 lbs. B. ., an
average record for three years of510 lb. B. F.a nd

11
Also several fine A. R. bulls of ser-

viceable age. BALLARD BROS" 3.,4 Niles. Mich.

 

Bred Bull Calves from one to
each“re e.red'
,8) Alfred St. Dctroit,Mich.

Guemsey ““3

two remonth old
WALTER PHIPPS FAR

 

Registered Guernseys

Y lin b “—3150. B ll t]: the- 100;
113311130113 ii... a“... W m m 1
M. WILLIAMS. North Adams, Mich.

GU E RNS EYSEEEE’EE‘tfiB
Ooant lnin blood of world champions.
HICKS'GUBBN BY FARM. Saginaw. V1.5 . Mich

GUERNSEYS ...r............. mm
a few choice females of
Glenwood breeding also bulls. all stock of A. R. breed-
mYHI herd otuberculin tested.

K.8 Battle Creek. Mich.

 

 

 

GuemseysuRegistei-ed Females For Sale
one. N. CRAWFORD, n. 2. Bolton. 1110111311..

 

    

_ ~ Holsteins Yield
#7 ‘ Most Milk Solids

One of the greatest in-

    
    
   
  
   
   

' vestiggtionfs tanner; dag-y
reeds exam 3 o e soon 11
I32 rim wgtméfitigli. Prof. 1".W Woll states

P9

‘ s in cows produced
31,111; rigor-é gillktgolids andp fat thanthe cows
of other breeds (19.5 perd cent more butter-
fat than the Guernseysa 38pm- oent more
than the Jerseys). and they anso Hye in
net returns for feed consumed all £13";
h bgmpetitlon iii? tlllay have p

resen a v .
angretaaternndtpprofltfo rbutter than any other
breed entered. Ifihtcres tedin

HOLSTE l N CATTLE .
booklets-they containinuch

ssnii'a sssomnou or
AMERICA» slo- m, Battle-no. W

V

Bead for ouf‘bool
_ valuable in onluatlo
TEIN

‘1 is impossible

 

 

 

vors in A Milk?

0 summit owners and dairy iii-if
. . experience}
considerable difficulty in tracing the'

spectors frequently

source of an unnatural flavor or odor

' in the milk delivered by a patron. , In
such cases it is firSt necessary to de-‘

termine whether or not the abnormal
flavor or odor is present when the milk
leaves the udder of the cow or devel-
ops later. If any particular cow is giv-
in’g milk which is tainted it is not due
to bacteria, but to’other causes.

If the milk from any number of cows,
shows the taint the feed or something
which the cattle have eaten in the pass
ture‘ is to blame. Carrots, turnips, wild
onions, ragweeds, cabbages, off-flavor-
ed grain feeds and other strongly 'fla-
vored substances will cause tainted
milk. Certain food stuffs for cows not
ordinarily considered likely 'to produce
baddasting milk will at times do 30.
Where the bad flavor seems due to

‘ feed and there is nothing in the ra-

tion subject to suspicion, a change in
feed is yet desirable, as the bad flavor
may disappear as a result.

Some Objectionable Features.

Cows that are kept in the pasture
will keep reasonably clean, however, if
the pasture is so situated that the

cows have access to muddy pools or -

stagnant ponds they will often stand in
the water up to their knees, fighting
flies and plastering themselves with
mud. This mud dries quickly and read-
ily falls into the milk pail. It is one
of the most objectionable forms of dirt
because it very quickly finds its way
through strainers and settles at the
bottom of the cans and bottles. It is
also loaded with dangerous bacterial
life which have a deleterious effect up-
on the milk and its products. Cows
that are plastered with this kind of
mud should be thoroughly cleaned be-
fore they are milked.

One of the most prolific causes of
trouble during the summer months is
that of old, sour strainer cloths which
are rinsed in luke—warm water and
hung up to dry. These cloths should
be put in boiling water and thoroughly
cleansed before being used for another
milking. Ordinary wire strainers are
worse than none at all. They are very
difficult to keep clean and arelalmost
worthless for removing fine dirt and
dust. -

Cleaning Dairy Utensils.

There are certain fundamental prin-
ciples in cleaning dairy utensils that
cannot be ignored. Milk should never
be allowed to dry and become sour. It
to clean the utensils
properly after they have been allowed
to become dry and sour. If it is im-
possible to clean them at once, fill
them with water, and they may be eas-
ily cleaned later. Rinse with luke-
warm water before scalding. Then
wash with hot water with the aid of
some cleaning material, then rinse to
remove all cleaning material, if possi-
ble expose them to steam a few min-
utes and place them in a place where
they are exposed to the light and sun-
shine until the next milking. The best
preparations to use in cleaning dairy
utensils are the alkalies and carbon-
ates, like soda, sal soda and lye, be-
cause they have the power to dis-
solve the Coagulated albumen. Sal soda
“is one of the cheapest and most effec-
tive materials, as it is neither poison-
ous or corrosive.

Impure water used in washing dairy
utensils frequently introduces danger-
ous bacteria that cause ropiness in the
milk. In some instances impure water‘
used in washing the 113.118 and cans has
been traced as the source of disease
epidemics.“ As great care should be
taken in obtaining pure water for
washing the pails and cans as in pro-
viding a, supply of pure water mama
cowstodrink. ;.L.JM,

mama’s
SPECIFIC  

World’s Best Horse Tonic
and Blood Purifier '

Cures scratches, water farcy,
stocked legs, inflamed and swollen
patches on the skin, rou h coats,
etc. For Gargegyan Bloody
Milk' 1n the cow t your dealer
or mailed post paid to any address _
75c per package:

Manufactured by _‘
KEWL-EY 131205.,

Battle Creek, Mich.

stops
ABSORBINE “ME” I

from. :1 Bone Spavin. Ring Bone,
Splint, Curbrsmc Bone, or similar
troubles and gets horse going somd.
It acts mildly but uickly and good re-
sults are lasting. ‘Boes not blister
or remove the hair and horse can
be worked. Page 17 in pamphlet with
each bottle tells how. $2 50 a bottle
delivered. Horse Book 9 R free. .
ABSORBIN E JR... the antiseptic linimeat
for mankind, reduces Painful Swellings, Eno
largcd Glands, Went, Bruises,Varico_se Veins;
heals Sores. Allays Pain. Will tell
more if you write. 31. 25 a bottle at
or delivered. Liberal trial bottle for 10¢ suave.
marouuc.’ II¢.. sssn-msuounnsolala.

HEAVES- “he“

one ' share ark.
do: the 1:1?“ vxumv: 2331:1015 lb filrvfl';
ask or in money. den 11 for
FLIMING’. TONIC HIAVI POWDER.
.oo—war Ill—WM Sella!
Hui Fl disudr‘immsa “Lyon ofififinab
’ " ’°“ «gown Adviser. 1:1 r y
FLEMING BROS. .. Churn-to,
1252 Union Stock Yards, Chicago. Ill.

“Top-Notch”
HOLSTEINS

The young bulls we have for sale are
backed up by many generations 0‘
large producers. Buy one of these
bulls, and give your herda “push”.
Full descriptions, prices,etc. on request.

McPherson Farms Co., Howell, Mich.

The, Traverse Herd

We have what you want in BULL CALVES the
large this growthy type. guaranteed right in
every way. They are from high producingw A3.
0. ancestors. Dam' s records up to 80 lbs.
30’ i1peril-igrees and quotations. stating aboutagc
esir e
TRAVERSE CITY STATE HOSPITAL
Traverse City. Mich.

THE HOLSTEINS

At Male Avenue Stock Farm are under Goverment
super n.'.l‘hc entire herd have just been tube

tested andn not one reactor. A place to buy that
bull you are looking an Ihave two very lino.
richly bred. and splendid individuals ready for any
amount of service. answer any quest“

you may ask about thwm.
.00an Fayette. Ohio

CLUNY STOCK FARM

tom-REGISTERED HOLSTEINs-dm
When you need a herd sire remember that we

 

 

 

 

 

     
   
 
 

 

 

 

der strict sanitary conditions. Every ndivi
overfimos. old regularlytuberculin tested. ,e'
haVe size.“ quality. and production records

edb y the best strains of b.reeding

a. sauce Mei-mm "m' 11.1.41. 111.111

111.111. ., ,
“5 dani'iotlflfiibémnbnno‘dl' 1333 f": "

1111.. s Meniscus-t. .L. miaig’mbsoaiffi "

Nanci-s bull calves tom offer until “peat mfaflu’

is o: rorder for $1111 figs 3"?”

  

 

0 state and

 

 
   
   

 

      

have one of the best herds in Michigan. kept un- ‘

      
   
   
   
  
   
 
 
   
    
  
   

   
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
           
         
       
       
       
         
 
 
 
      
    

 
    


   

 
     
    
           
      
   
      

   
      
    
    
  

 
 
 

PRICES Midge have had some se-
vere declines from the high time
of .,the year. when the top quotation
stood. at $21.55 per 100 pounds. but
they are still far higher than in tor-
met years and are returning extremely
liberal predts to owners. despite the
high price of corn. Recently eastern
shippers have made much larger pur-
chases in the Chicago market than for
a long period, and this has been an ele-
mentfot strength in making prices for
the better class of light and heavy
butcher weights. Patrick Cudahy, the
Milwaukee packer, says that, in his
opinion, hog supplies will be large and
demand for provisions heavy for ship-
ment to foreign countries. If estimat-
ed requirements from Germany are

correct there will be big demand for

provisions to ship there. as hog sup—
plies are small. England is buying
freely. and the domestic demand in
the north is good, but the southern de-
mand is poor. One pound of bacon to
one pound of cotton fails to work out
now as it did years ago. as the south
is raising its own pork. W. W. F.

 

INTERVIEW WITH PACKER WIL-
SON.

 

HOMAS E. WILSON. a Chicago

packer, is back from a visit of six
weeks in Holland, Belgium, France and
England, and reports that Europe is
on the verge of starvation. The only
relief. in sight, he says, is arranging
a credit system adequate to enable the
starving nations to obtain supplies of
fOOdIaIld thereby avert disasters ex-
ceeding those of the war. He is con-
fident that one hundred million pounds
of foodstuffs will bb needed to feed
tarnishing Europe. He adds: “As for
the prices of meat products in the

, United States. they are sure to keep

up so far as pork is concerned, due to
the great needs abroad. If the slack
is taken up in the market by next au-
tumn. the prices when the hogs begin
coming. to market again will be very
high. Beef. however, is certain to- be-
come cheaper soon. We are not ex-
porting much beef now, and the chanc-
es are that we will not, as fats are the
greatest need in Europe.” W. W. F.

 

HIGH PRICES FOR PROVISIONS.

ITHIN a short time pork has

sold on the Chicago Board of
Trade as high as $51.20 a barrel, be-
ingmore than $10 higher than a year
ago. Such sales were for July deliv-
ery- Similar advances have taken
place in ‘lard and short ribs. or
course. the prime bullish factor in the
market is the very large foreign out-
let, which continues to far exceed any-
thing ever known in years before the
war. Exports from the Atlantic sea-
board during a recent week included
26,928,000 pounds of lard, and 64,742.-
000 pounds of hog meats, comparingl
with_14.870.000 pounds of lard and 31.-
593.000 pounds .of hog meats for the
corresponding week last year. W. F.

 

MARKETING SPRING LAMBS.

 

HE crop of southern spring lambs

is a fine large one, and it is esti-
mated-on good authority that it is the
largest in ten years. Shipments to
market thus far have been on a. rather
contracted scale, however. as most of
the southern sheepmen realize the
profits derived from making their
flocks . good . and fat~betore selling.
These lambs are largely‘boru in Ten-
nessee and Kentucky. and recent Chi~‘
cage supplies have been coming from.
Tennessee. Grazing conditions are re-
portod‘as good, and there is no good
reason for marketing the youngsters
puncture” Recent suDDIies on the

  

 

_' I ‘. nectar: flan/.1
lbw-Frieda! Cattle
FLINT MAPLSEIEIIIIREST BOY

Bionic. is “esteem lo nd ke luau-void. Ei-
throe one each DVD: Nlbo. butt. in ‘I
do"; El. andsuud ddomhotlimadeo lbs.

of the yearly: cow we are

butter in one '1'. It“
for

Broth

Dom: :VnoeoorIBolhm so. 5? lbs. “winches-m
11 SI. days and Ill lbs. butter
is 5..2'l This looks about right tothe man whogoes
to the creamer. We have bull calves from 2 weeks
to 12 months 0 d. B.ll’rom A. sins and sired by

t Maples 83?. whichI weI will sell tathadoiz
formers price brIce ug' con-idored. Just
more totresben which means more bull calvoo.
Let us know your wants. We will make terms on

approved notes.
JOHN H. WINN. inc.

MM!“

. Roman Mich.
Reference Rosoommon State Bank.

_-

‘ am "OI. accepteihgilasgmemtxfflnelyl hredreg,

aim the be and at riceo within reach rite.
11AM E.’ gusset. Mich.

EGIBTERED halter and bull calveeil“ of thebect
blreeding n Eolstelns for sale. rice on 2
heifenand ball. 0. E.GIDDINGB. ll 0. Mick.

TOM MAKE ROOM for iii-Metered .wlll cell
14 head good grade Eo:lsteln milch cows. some low
f resben ve soon.

P1113981»
S’COTT'B HOLSTEIN FARM. Ohio.

. Ni e are bred Holstein femaleaSeven
For Sale. in“ Bell all or Jffn' (fries t.
Come and see “18111.30 HE an N.
Pinch ney. Livingston JCounty. Michigan.

and-cine duet
Sylvanie,

 

gra 9 onto store
}IIg White. Sired b
50 lb. cow. Price 3 50.

JERSEY BULLS

Ready for service FOR SALE
WATEBMAN t WATERMAN. Ann Arbor. Mich.

BUTTER BRED "‘3“ awn“

CEIBTAL SPRING STOCK I'A an“
Olly-x Crook. Alleges: County. Michigan.

MIDI Lane R. of M. Jersey herd. Bull and heifer
e calves slged Aby a n how the new

. Sophi
about!“ AF?IINI80 F0X.I Alleganjvsiicl:III

chlx.
ILLIE Farmstead Jerseys. Youn bulls ready for
L red heifers and

service tron: 11.0! M. cows. A few
cows. COLON O.LIILL1E. Ooopersvllle. Mich.

Jerse Bull. Goldiel‘oxhall Lad No.
Forsalel mike? 5111210129549
Dam Goldie Sophia No. 352783. is bull is solid color.
black tongue and switch dropped Mar. h.19]&a
extra line individual, good enough that lell shinp
Inc a few bull calv v.es Address
NIEIWMAN‘S 8 00K FARM. It. 1. Mariette. Mich.

The Wildwood Jersey Farm.

Bulls for sale b Majest' Oxford Box 134214 and Em
[Dent tdLa yl aiest LVIN and outof B. of M. Ma-
jesty dams. A ALDEN. Cacao. Mich.

red Jerse b He road
For sale imice and b l calIvee. II
iBMITE t PARKER. R. 4. Howell. Mich.

HEREFORDS

8 bulls from 7 to 10 months Old,
Prince Donald and Farmer breed-
ing for sale.

ALLEN 31105., Paw Paw, Mich.
Harwood’s White Faces

KEEP ON 508019
A Ton Bull Heads the Hard

The beef cattle of the da
bulls left My 1918 crop bulls ready for sale.
Will spare a few females. You can not make
abetter investment. I wishto
tomers for past favors.

JAY HARWOOD, -: Ionic. Mich.

Herefordsm Polled “Edgar-lied EIIlmled 1:108

a. c or-

tection and Prime Lad :mm 4. Prices reasonable.
COLE dClARD when. Mich.

H “I‘ll! Bob Fairfax M021 at head of oherd.
ere Stock for sale. eithereox
hornedbany "E‘s Priced manomkooalny.

.Aes' n. hBad Ame lob.
BID EU ELL For Beef ind Milk
Register-editions. cows and heiferl. Good Scotch and
Bcotc tcb- To ppedtoreale. In time condition. Modern
sanitary mooniglmont. Eo under state and federal
arm 10 minutes d.opot

augervisi ~21trom .Y. 0.
our from] Toledo. Ohio. Automobile meet all
trains. Writ to

BlDWELL STOCK FARM

Born. Tecumseh. Mich.

Shorlhom Cattle oi both Sex ior Sole

w. w. KNAP'I. Howell. manna.

Richland Stock Farm

SHORTHORNS
HOME or THE MICK. CHAMPIONS
We offer for sale a few good dual ur-
se cows with calves at foot. so
0 three year old bulls suitable for
range £11 es, We invite inspection.
. PRESCOTT & SONS,
Office at Towel City. Mich. Eerde at Prescott. Mich.

“Moratmh 31111800th To ppedoowo andholf-
write w. W001} 11m; 0°” Howell. M1011

3.1,
mm. g Clo bred young b ll:
3 to’li) months old. II
DAVIDSON dEALL. Too much. Mich.

B. B. Reavey. Akron. Mich.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Rooms ryl‘arms. William-ton. Mi i.cl1 bulls
ready for service. Shot-thorns!) bred to or milk
He rdesteb. byProf. 0.3.311”. Mich. Agrl. College I

finals-ens of out Comb-1
For Salem $11, tianrchalItl-
Pith: Oo. M‘Ilnd wag: 2:.”
.7011sz Reed City. Mich.

WAN‘Tfi);M Two White Shorthorn bulls.

 

I' locum" f'm'“ 1T We

. WhlllI: 'thcwould

yr.
a grandson not a brother he the ‘

Only 2 yearling

thank my cus- '

SHORT HORNS .

I NwI sIIIIdeIn as. Do A
new...“ dfimfi.

Shorthorn Breeder ”mm ‘7." ““~
(SEA3.WABNEBI Jr. I lay 1.3M.
The Kentfmslhortdwrn 3m” hmmu malo-

cotor sole. about
L. n.1.lc’bmsD°'sec.. - 0.1qu no...

Sh h B tee breedin and
Milkingo. ort 6m. IIlleulIIIIlo gut unis-19;? I
E. E. KUBTZ. Mason. ch.

For Sale: Registered Shorthom bull calf 8 months old.
well grown 4i: th . 8 re. Sultan: Dam Sansparei l.

 

 

families. John T. heridan. R. l. Jenison. Mich

For Two Slim-thorn Bulls.oe one red and one
roan. Remy for eervi

LDU D. EASTI GB. Napoleon. Michigan.

3 d Scotch~to ed Shorthorn bull calves

SCOtCh 5:0 8 months 3d Deli '1; of Cl esters and

Crimson Flower. ObaaBo Bowditchd Son. Oseeo.Mi ch.
H065

 

Berkshire Boar-s: readdy for service. A few
R to and cows bred for Ma J une furrow. Also
sprint pigs. CHASE STOCK ARM.Ma1-lette. Mich.

Berkshire boars from 8 mo. to 12 mo.
Regimdn old at market rice. No ouows for sale 9.
KRON. MICHIGAN.

llumc Opportunity

earning capacity of 9. Brock-
water Boar be in your hard. Amid-west breeder
states that the Breakwater hour he used add ed
from 875110 $100 to every gilt bred to him.
It payed this man to use one of our boars it will
pay
We have several that we are offering at priceswhich
appeal to the small breeder who must of necessity
be a conservative buyer. We have a few that are
good enough to be used in high class herds at
prices in keeping with their in individuality and
breeding. Money invested in a good herd boar
very speedily increases the value not only of
what you eel but what you keep Send for price
list or better. visit the farm.
BROOKWATER FARM. Ann Arbor. Mich.
HERBERT T.w MUM FORD owner,
J BRUCE HENDERSON. Manager.

OAKWOOD FARM

Nothing for sale at resent booking orders for spring
pigs (Durocll. Tax ayer 811nd Gal Model hreedi
RU B.,ROS Romeo. Mic

 

 

— - t 1 I 1 11
Duroc Jersey 317mg P128 £311.71. 3:“?1r253

Draft Colts to offer. Chas. Bray, Okemos. Mich.

DUROC JERSEYS

Fall pigs either roux also spring pi pairs not akin.
Sized by the Grand JOhnm ion and unit): Champion
boars. F.J DR DT. R.1. Monroe. Mich.

 

EGISTERED DUROC BOARB— We have a choice
lot of spé'ing boars. sired by Michigan Cherr Col.

No.1184'19. 0% KMJ 2629,1111 Col.
Defender 26th, 0.125 . Make yourselectlon at wean-

ing time and rIalse according to your own ideas. Write
for pedigrees. The Jennings Farms. n.1, Bailey. Mich.

SEVERAL GOOD

Duroc sows bred to Orion' 9 Fancy King. Boar pigs
ready for service
NEWTON BARNHART. St. Johns. Mich.

DUROGuJERSEVS

E. D. HEYDENBERK. Wayland. Mich.

DUROC JERSEYS

CABIlICIIYIIhIn‘ED but Mffillfi boar pigs“ for sale. .

DUROC gilts bred for Aliquot and Sestembertarrow.
simdlby Orion Cher Col Write for de-
scription and prices. YOR. Milan. Mich.

 

 

 

Empehires recorded from Jan.l l to A r. l. '19.
8734 Did you get one? aBo‘iir plsgtson Jl p

for sale now.

JOENW .SNYDER. ENS MICE

 

 
    
 
 
 
  
   
 
 
  
     
  
  

Originators o!
the Famous
. 0. I. C.

Breed The Best

THE WORLD NEEDS LARGE
FAT HOGS \9

and feeding scrub 110:5 r

Two of our 0.1.6.311“ ‘

Weighed 28 06 Pounds.

Ind obi pen of pure bred bogs in than world.

codzy for the true story of
3.1“ All foreign

Why lose money weeding
We no the most extensive breeders
U. S. Coronal-end Inspected

We have fired the 0.1m 186:

and have lost 110

or any ut'fi'gnmi'iu ,IIhOIem WRITE
—TODAY—

.. ran r1121: soon
~ The log fro- M‘ to Solo”

THE L. B. SILVER C0.
‘ 196 Heights Temple Bldg.
, CLEVELAND. 0'10

THE WORLD’S CHAMPION
"J” O..I.C’8 Stock of all age-foreclo. Herd
beads by CollowayEdd. the World a Champion 0. I.
0'. boar assisted by 0. 0.815110 aster. Grand Cham-
ion hear of M lchigan.Now York and Tennessee state
airs. Also. 0. 0. Giant Buster. undefeated Senior
boar pig wherever shown and Grand Cham mtpion of Oh-
ahoma stove Isl r. Get our cotaloguoo Czandoll’o
prize hogs. Cass City. Michigan.

Shadowland Farm

I O. I. C.’s
' 29010300111115 prize 1 .
Bred G‘lts hing stock. at; 1.11 ywoal.

lings and 2 yr. old sows. big type. growthy boats
of all ages. smrwnteed as breeders. Everythin

shippr can id and registered in
buyer" I name. J. ”Emu: TT. Mommas.

O. [. C’s. all?» serviceable boars and
tar-row. G. 1’. $133.32 fl‘w

0. in Co For sathgrmmly’s

H.W. MANN.

01.0.0”.

 

 

 

 

 

 

bred for summer furrow an

Mgdmmlp .39.

e

065111118ch-
lasso. Idiot.

 

‘ been breed
For 25 Yea" w- “Poland China

’ Shocker” R. Monroe,

 

boar. and this
01%!an IInreglst tered tree. 54

tine
TO BBCHULZE.° Nashville. Mlch.

:3:

o v1. 1': my?
aliens: ct

‘1JJP

’Raise Chester Whites

[I :2 Like This . ‘
._ ,. doodmiadflz'wedm“

  
   

     

VEmi-ted thousand W on the road to
success. I can help you. I wanton f cc one “hog from

my inevorycommun lliywhoro om
flan rltoformv are ”golfing (ix

I... mean. RED. I10. ”MW

318
of th t 1111th boom-
0 mos a pro cw
“iM ehignn ion Mmighty Blood son of the rest
"Giant Buster” (13.13 loo Queen 2." goal.
breedinil Idtterctln We“1 are wIotferlng
for falliI a.rrow QBUTLER. n“Portland. Mich.

BIG Type Poland Ohluas A litter by Ger-std)“. Jone.
(Carter); one by Gent dale hKin? (Ger-st A B
Bob eowb ed for service to The C ansmanI: Ping”
Mammoth Ben herd boar, 'Wlld Mammoth

at 12 mos. w Not 11g for Sale. Visitor.
welcome. WESLEY EIL B. d. Ionla. Mich.

ARGEBT rice in“ Mich. Notbln
SWINE! siph ip. Have 3:111) but I
ever!: raise I will BerI3 later. Gorge and see two
reuse

 

 

greatest boars Min 1841mm Lord
min-n m le eaten. Perms, Mich.
THE OLD FASHIONED SPOTT CHINA E008
Giltsduo 00me new UNE O JULY—8100 up.

in
89““ ”a ‘25 .1.“v1?.“ivr EmMs. North Adams, Mich.

L SP 0. Bred sows all sold. 2 boars ready forservice
. also 1 fall boar. and fall its to breed for fall far.
row. 11. . SWARTZ.1, Schoolcraft. Mich.

Big Type Poland China: “5.2.. “.a'lié‘: “11.81%:

 

 

 

Ask any questions about my breed .
girl’ll'tunnnna, B. 2. Middleville, fiiéhigan'
Big'l‘y Poland-Chums .slrod by C. A. King Joe

,bfiKifigW Joe 257 IMonsber Big Bob 327623.

lg Buster Half Ton m, by

Great Big Halt Ton 261243. Out of sows whose pedi-

fires.bo .indh lduallty andquallty are of equal merit as my
bo.ars Can fur-11311 pairs and trl on. not skin

0. A. BOONE. Blanchard. HlIich.

 

ICE. Cham ion herd ol'B T e P. O. N thl f
sale but fafll pEgs orders £8001ng for s (1)1133; or
11.1. ONARD. - St. outs. Mich.

 

BIG Type P C. boars all sold. Nothing now until fall.
Ithank my customers for their patronage. Sp

pigs coming line. C.E.Garnant,Eatq1 Rapids, Mich.

 

Large Type P. 0. Nothing tor sale now. Will be in mar-
with better than ever this fall. If herd stuil'
counts. W. J.H A.GELSEAW Augusta. Mich.

Big Type P. C ”some... ”ml wtlir‘lgé‘f‘“ "a

A.A. WOOD & SON - - sline, Mich.

Big}, Type P. 0 Choice bred sows from Iowas greatest
herds. th eJ big bone lific kind ith

quality MATHEWIIOON. surPOakIIziI/II‘c'lf

 

 

 

Big Type Poland' 9 all sold out nothingfor saleat
present. BookLinior-ders for spring Thanking
Chamberlain. Marcellus. Mich.

my customers

Poland Chlnas all sold Ge 1
Mal1‘nuatl‘J Jones No. 317249, son of 661123ng
Jones beads our herd. Clyde Weaver. Oeresco. Mich

BigTypeEC.

 

 

Will have better males than over

 

 

r r 11 t .d . 1 anon.

OENOIIS €111.15}, 9 SchhtgoIlgiI-Iiftt. noon.
HORSES

Pure Bred

- Belgian Draft Horses

We have some extra good Belgian Stallions for
sale. coming three and four years old. They are
heavy. of good comicrmation and sound. You
can see their sires and dams. They are raised 11)
Michigan and acclimated. We have no agents on
the road for which you or we would have to pay.
You cannot buy them any better nor cheaper in
the world. Our studs and mares carry the best
blood Belgium has produced. We prove this by
their pedigrees. We invite you to see our stock
before buying. You can see them any day of the
week Except Sunday. Write for particulars and
catalog to the OWOSSO SUGAR. COMPANY.
Prairie Farm. Alicia. Mich.

 

Pertinent. Holsteinaln us. lhrnmhim. Harm

00“ D. BUBLL. hum. ell III.

Percheron Stallion-ul and mares o1; numb.

eel: Inpootflonihnvited.
11.. use a s01}.m Ch.artlotto Mich.

FOR SALE Onexpalr of 3-yelar old BLACK

lbs. weight. Al o e p lr 1‘ 3III ddgielop ld
s on a co 8. 3

trottln Full brother and sigter. years c

b.rcd
andtilmade. Here slim; a'.ri nighzo
over stocked. must sell. II III p ce is II’

Stan-heather Stock Farm. Northville. Mich.

SHEEP

TO THE KIDS

Ovor 300 have written me about the sheep I am
giving away. I would like to send one to each of
you but two is In Three disinterested in
are pickingtbo If you are not one of
it"s” ““352 "°‘ “m "l" £23“? ”‘2 b” “n“

to u t e
book at. a splendldp ’ "“1““

xorE-kou FARMS.“ W
Goldwater, Michigan in“ Pmpfle‘m

BUYASHEEP

Waltaminute.bu Hun has. Th A

shire Shoo Aesoclatlon ”31.1. to solid Iy'h??3lx§w up

Illa» 001120an “1ng Im' 50'“ E‘wm
A.ve. DotroihMi Secretory. I'

For Shropshire YearlingI ' hm

8 11
ARMSTRONG 31103.. as. Fowlorvillefa 11731..

W teeter... '° sauna

 

 

 

 

0.1. «(a 1.33 (Incite Yearling..." final“

ma“

    
  
 

        
    
    
 
     
    
     
      
     
   
     
   
    
    
   
    
 

 

         
       
   
  
 
   
    
  
   
   
 
  
   
  
 
 
   
     
  
    
   
     
 
 
   
  
  
   
   
  
 
   
  
   
  
  
   
 
 
  
  
  
  
   
    
  
 
  
   
    
  
 
     
    
   

 

         
     
    
 
       
        
       
        
      
     
   
        
 
  


SECOND EDLTION.

.The markets in this edition were re-
vis¢d and corrected on Thursday af-
ternoon. JuneAZ. .

‘ ‘WHEAT.

While the wheat outlook is fully up
to expectations, the situation is not
without its drawbacks. Rust has ap-
peared in several places, particularly
in the heavy producing states, while
the Hessian fly, chinch bug and army
worm are doing damage in the central
and southern winter wheat sections.
Trading has not been quite so active,
as the flour trade rules slow at this
time. Some of the mills have shut
down and will not renew operations
until the new crop is available. Dur-
ing the past week the United States
visible supply shows a decrease of 7,-
876,000 bushels. One year ago No. 2
red wheat was quoted on this market
at $2.17 per bushel. Local prices have
declined as follows:

No.2red oelooeooeeoeeo$2045
No.2mixed 0.0.0.000... 2.43
NOezwhite QODIOOIOIQDI 2.43

CORN.

Although corn in Michigan is pro-
gressing under very favorable condi-
tions, the crop is not doing so well in
the Mississippi states. The army worm
is widening its sphere of activities, and
promises to cut down the yield. Some
sections failed to receive benefit from
the recent rains. Manufacturing in-
dustries continue to purchase the grain
to meet needs until the new crop is
ready. One year ago No. 3 corn was
quoted on the local market at $1.45a
bushel. The U. S. visible supply in-
creases 234.000 bushels during the
past week. Present Detroit quotations
are: 0 .

No. 3 corn .............$1.80
No. 3 yellow............ 1.82
No. 4 yellow............ 1.80
No. 5 yellow ........... . 1.77
No. 3white 1.83

At Chicago the trade is in a some
what unsettled state, with quotations
as follows: Cash nominal; July at
81.68%; September $16015.

OATS.

The northern border states report
an excellent start for the new oat crop.
Indiana. Iowa and Illinois, however,
show a poorer promise with many
fields exhibiting yellow spots. The
acreage has also been decreased in
these latter states. The visible sup-
ply increased 1,095,000 bushels the
past week. One year ago standard
oats were quoted at 79%c.
Detroit prices are:

Standard .......... . ......
No. 3 white ......... ......71%
No.4white ..... 70%

RYE.

This crop is in a very satisfactory
condition, which is partly responsible
at least for the marking down of pric-
es since a week ago. At Detroit cash
No. 2 is now quoted at $1.48 a bushel.

BARLEY.

Fields look promising. The acreage
probably will be somewhat less than
that sown a year ago. At Detroit the
prices remain unchanged at $2.30@
2.40 per cwt. for cash No. 3

BEANS.

While the trade lacks the support of
export business, prices are being held
on a steady basis. In New York the
trade in Michigan pea beans remains
unchanged, with the general market
steady at $8. Dealers in red kidney
grades are strong in their views, but
the demand from domestic sources is
somewhat limited. Sales have been
made up to $13. At Detroit the prices
have declined 100 to $7.65 for Michigan
pea beans,'with the business of a very
meagre volume, A steady market ob-
tains at Chicago with offerings suffi-
cient to meet the fair demand. Pea
beans, hand-picked, choice to fancy,
are quoted there at $8@8.25.

SEEDS.

Very little trading is reported in the
seed division, with prices unchan d
as follows: Prime red clover at -$ 7;
sOctober $21.50; timothy $5.50.

FEEDS.
the cornlgrades are up. Quotationsat

Present ‘

are lower, while some of-

Detroit are: Bran $42; standard mid.
dlings $48.50; fine middlings $536255;
coarse corn meal $66.50@67.50; crack-
ed corn $73; corn and oat chop $65@

57 per ton.
HAY.

Prices are holding firm at advanced,
quotations ' reported last week. Sup-
plies are inadequate. Quotations are:
No. 1 timothy $38.50@39; standard tim-
othy and light mixed $37.50@38; No.
2 timothy $36.50@37; No. 1 mixed $35
@36; No. 1 clover $32@33.

Pittsburgh—Many dealers are com-
pletely out of hay and supplies are far

.too short to meet the demand. Prices

have made further advances as fol-
lows: No. 1 timothy $41.50@42; No.
1 light mixed $39.50@40.50; No. 1 clo-
ver mixed $37.50@38; No. 1 light clo-
ver $35.50@36.

The butter trade. rules from eas
to lower. A decline of one cent is
reported at Detroit with quotations for
fresh creamery at 48%@50c a pound.
Chicago prices are steady at 46@501,éc.
At New York the trade‘is unsettled,
with values ranging from 50@52%c.
In Philadelphia the trade is paying 540
for western extra creameries.

EGGS.

A revival of buying by packers has
kept the prices firm since last week.
Fresh firsts are now quoted in Detroit
at 38c; extra firsts in new cases 39%c;
storage stock packed, at 420. At Chi-
cago firsts bring 38% @391,éc; ordinary

firsts 37 @3717“; packing stOck 401,436)~
42c. The range at New York is from

43@49c for nearby western stock. The f

trade in Philadelphia is paying $13.20,
@1330 per case for western offerings.

POTATOES.

Dorr D. Buell, president of the Mich-
igan Potato Growers’ Exchange eati-
mates that Michigan has probably 500
cars of old potatoes left to market.
‘About 100 cars of these are in the Cad-
illac district. ~ Prices for old stock. are
declining. At‘ Detroit the trade paid
$3 per’150-pound sack for the U. S.
whites No. 1; in Cleveland $3623.40;
in. Pittsburgh $3.25@3.50; in Buffalo
the - same grade is quoted at $2.00
2.35 per cwt; in New York $2@2.50;
in-Cincinpati $2@2.25; in Chicago at

$1.70'@1.9o'. .
,WOOL

With the government auctions -of
wools approaching their end and the
quality of the wools remaining mostly
of inferior grades, the attention of the
dealers and manufacturers is being ab-
sorbed in the new clip. Prices are
running high, in fact a very little be-
low those paid during the war. Fine
Ohio wools have sold to country buy-
ers as high as 70c, while the best Mich-
igan fleeces have gone up to 650, me-
dium clips bring from 55@600. The
strong demand for finer goods is likely
to hold prices firm for some time. This
position is further supported by the
unprecedented conditions reported
from Bradford and London, England,

O

 

 

Live Stock Market Service

 

 

Reports for Thursday, June 12th

BUFFALO.

At the yards here today pigs
brought $19.75@20, and the best hogs
$21.10@21.25; lambs were steady and
calves brought $18.75.

DETROIT

Cattle.
Receipts 1,418. Market strong at
last week’s closing prices.
Best heavy steers . . . .$13.00@13.50
Best handy wt bu steers. . 11.50@12.00
Mixed steers and heifers 11.00@11.50
Handy light butchers. . . .. 10.00@11.00
Light butchers .......... 9.00@ 9.50
Best cows . 9.50@11.00
Butcher cows . . . 8.00@ 9.00
Cutters 7.0
Canners $6.00@ 6.50
Best heavy bulls ........ 9.00@ 9.50
Bologna bulls ........ . . . - 8.00@ 8.50
Stock bulls 7.50@ 8.00
Feeders . . . . . . .. ......... 10.00@11.00
Stockers ........ ‘ . . . . . . . . 8.00@ 9.00
Milkers and springers . .$ 65@ 150
Veal Calves.
Receipts 1,951. Market steady.
..... $17.50@18.50
OOICOOOIOIOI. 9.00@14I00
Sheep and Lambs.
Receipts 833. Market dull.
Best dry-fed lambs ...... $14.50@15.00
Fair lambs ...... . . ...... 12.00@13.00
Light to common ....... 10.00 11.00
Spring lambs . . . . . . . . . . . 17.00 ,17.76
Fair to good sheep ...... 7.00@ 8.00
Culls .. . . .. 5.00@ 6.00

Hogs.
Receipts 6,056. Market is 20@25c
higher. . '

Pigs cacao-eons. cue-s 19.0
Mixed ooJOIOOOOOCIOIeono 20¢60@20075

CHICAGO.

Hogs.

Estimated receipts today are 35,000;
holdover 4,443. Market active from
25@30c higher. Bulk of sales $205061)
20.75; tops $20.85; heavy 250 lbs up,
medium, good and choice at $20.50@
20.75; medium 200 to 250 lbs, medium,
good and choice $20.45@20.80: light
150 to 200 lbs, common, medium, good
and choice $20.10@20.85; light lights
130 to-150 lbs, common, medium, good
and choice $18.50@20.25; heavy, ck-
ing sows 250 lbs up, smooth at 20@
20.40; packing sows 200 lbs up, rags}!
$19.50@20; pigs 130 lbs down, in -
um, good and choice 81150811850. -

' Cattle. . g’ ,

Estimated receipts today are 1&0”.
Few , sales 0!. yearlihxs and. medium
grade steers. steady: . .Others and she
stock slow to 26c‘lower;¢a1ves and

bulls strong: Beef steeramediumand.

heavy weight 1100 lbs up, choice and
prime $15@16.35; do medium and good
$12.25@15.10; do common $7@12.25;
light weight 1100 lbs down, good and
choice $12@14.75; do common and me-
dium $10@12.75; butcher cattle, heif-
ers, common, medium, good and choice
$7.75@13; cows, common, medium,
good and choice $11.50@12.75; canners
and cutters, cows and heifers at $6@
7.50; do canner steers $7.75@10; veal
calves, light and handyweight, medi-
um, good and choice $15.50@17; feed—
er steers, common, medium, good and
choice $9.75@13; stocker steers, com-
mon, medium, good and choice $8.25@
12.25; stacker cows and heifers, com-

0 mon, medium, good and choice $7.55@

9.75; stocker calves, common, medium,
good and choice $8..25@12.
Sheep and Lambs.

Estimated receipts today are 21,000.
Market steady on early sales of lambs,
late trade mostly lower; sheep full
steady. Lambs 84 lbs down, medium,
good, choice and prime $12.50@15.75;
do 85 lbs up, medium, good, choice and
prime $12.25@15.75; do culls and com-
mon $9@12; spring lambs, medium,
good, choice and prime $16@18.75;
yearling wethers, medium, good and
choice $10.25@13; ewes, medium, good
and choice $7.50 9; ewes, dull and
common $3.25@7. 5.

BUFFALO.
Wednesday, June 11, 1919.
Cattle.
Receipts 75 head. Market rules
steady. Prime heavy steers $14@15;
best shipping steers $136214; medium

0 shipping steers $12@13; best yearlings

950 to 1000 lbs $13@13.50; light year-

lings, good quality $12.50@12.75; best.

handy steers $12@13; fair to good
kinds, $11.50@11.75; handy steersand
heifers $11.50@12.25; western heifers
$11.50@12; best fat COWS $11@11.50;
butcher cows $8.50@9.25; cutters $7@
8; canners $4.75@5.50; fancy bulls at
$9.50@10.25; butchering bulls $7.50@
8.25; common $7.50@8; best feeding
steers $10.50@11.25; medium $96210;
stockers $9@10;. light, acommon $7.50
@8; milkers ant; springers ;$7.50@1'5.

» one. ' . .- . -
Receipts 2.400; market 2066M - -
er. Heavy and yorkers. $20.85; a
at $19@19.50; stake 112@15.
, - . ---=»8li¢eP-‘Wzl-3=mh8- -. I.
- Receipts tougheadii'usrlget is-steady.
top lambs .815. ,@15—75;:y0aiffings at
gamma: yet - .
@9-569 r ., 5 ~. 7‘

~ cam .
' "Recs is Mooéfiflgét’ehfitm- ‘

to»: $1 extensors, Wes.

. ‘tendenc for
~u050@11.:m ' y

\ 7 ‘j.
where . sensational prices are being 2.
Dali:d for nearly all grades of wool of-- r r
e “ _ .

' GRAND RAPIDS

Too many potatoes were brought to
the city market the past week to hold
the price at $1.25 per bushel and. it-
sagged to 90¢. The closing for the
week was $1. At outside points the
price range was $1.30@1.50. Sprout-
ing is affecting the quality.

Hay is much lower, closing at the
city market on Saturday at $33@35 a
ton. The cause of the drop from $38
@40 was due to. supply. greatly exceed-
ing the demand. A few farmers refus-
ed to sell at drop prices and drew
their hay home. '

Dealers in beans now offer growers
$6.50 per cwt. for white and $9.50 for.
red kidneys, 50c higher than a week
ago. ,.

Director 0. F. Schneider .01! the local.
weather bureau in his Weekly crop bul-
letin issued on Friday, says: Corn
and sugar beet planting is about done
and in some sections they are out of
the ground and growing very nicely.
Bean planting has begun and will be
general in all sections the latter part
of this week. Early potatoes and gar-
den truck are coming up nicely. Fruit
is setting well; the pollenation condi-
tions have been the best in years. All
crops are in excellent condition but in
some sections show need of rain.

THE NEW YORK PRODUCE MAR-
KET.

Butter.—.-The past week has been
one of depression for most butter re-
ceivers. For several days up until
Thursday of this week, there has been
no active demand for butter. While
there was some local consumption, out—
of-town buyers were absent and there
was no speculative or export demand.
On the other hand receipts were ex-
tremely large and advance noticestin-
dicated that production was still on the
increase. From Monday until Thurs-
day the market was practically demor-
alized but on the latter day speculat—
ors and exporters began purchasing
and local buyers sensing an advance
in price, also began to lay in stocks.
While there had been a constant 'de-
clinelin the price of butter for about
a week, the increased demand caused
an advance of two cents in the price
of practically all grades of butter. Dur-
ing the past ten days stocks have ac-
cumulated in abundance, but with the
increased activity, accumulations have
been greatlyreduced and the market
is at present’ firm, with a tendencyto-
ward a higher price. At the close on»
Friday established quotations were as
follows: Extras 54c; higher score,
than extras 54%@55c; firsts 52@ ~
53%c; seconds 50@51%c.

Cheese—Receipts and advanced no-
tices indicate that the make is in-
creasing rapidly. There is practically
no export demand at present and the
sharp declines in prices of butter and
eggs have made buyers cautious. ‘
There was some speculative demand ’
in Wisconsin early in the week, which
caused an advance of about use at
that time. However, the market is
closing weak and there is a price ten-.
dency downward. Stocks-are accum-
ulating very rapidly in the New York
market. At the close on Friday estab—
lished quotations were as follows: Av-
erage run' 31@311,§c; specials 31%@
32%,c. ' . '

Eggs—Egg receipts during the week
have been very high which, together
with the large accumulations that were
already on hand and the scarcity: of
storage space is making the egg situa-
tion somewhat serious. To add to the .
bad situation, many of the shipments
have arrived in bad order and have
been aflected by the prevailing heat ,.
during the week. The situation has.
fluctuated from- bad to somewhat bet-
ter, but on the~ whole the price .ten-'
dency has been markedly downWaed. ,
At the close on Friday the quotations.
were as fellows: Firsts 40@41c;' fix:
its firsts 42®43c: extras 4535'er .
, VgPeultryp—édReceipts have been been:
during the week. his stock New: ,
readily. While-there has bee ‘
. .. , _ . priciest , .
.psll the-rum autism
entmnthfid W

 


    

 

 
 
  
   
 
 

est’is , es. 3,
‘ cfinnties, .98 in the southern and- cen-
’ thalicounties and 95 in the upper penin- 3

prices for feeders is the cause or many
{Lgfiandy weight lambs are best“ sellers

- "3 vi a
. ' / . ..
_ 3, ,9

 

  
 
  

   

   

e conditio ‘
tats and northern

Sula." The condition‘on May 1 was 98
ln'the;state, loo-in the southern coun-
ties,. 9:63 in the central counties and up-
per peninsula and 94 in the northern
counties}. The condition one year .ago
was 66 in'the state, 52 in the southern
counties, 46 in the central counties, 65
in the northern“ counties and 96 in the
upper peninsula. The total number of
bushels of wheat marketed by farmers
in May was 78,628 bushels. The esti-
mated total number. of bushels of
wheat marketed and consumed by the
growers in the ten months August-
May is 8,500,000. .
Rye.~—The condition of rye 1n the

K

‘ .state, southern and central counties is

96,-in‘ the northern counties 100 and in
the upper peninsula 95. One year ago
.thecondition in the state was 72, in
the southern counties 70, central coun-
ti’es 66, northern counties 77 and the
upper peninsula 92.

Corn—The acreage of corn planted
or to be planted as compared with last
year is 98 in the state and northern
counties, 97 in the southern counties,
101*in the central counties and 96 in
.the. upper peninsula. The condition of
corn as compared with an average is
88 in_the state, 83 in the southern coun-
ties, 92 in the ,central counties, 96 in
the northern counties and 94 in the
upper peninsula.

4 Oats—The condition of oats as com-
ypared with an average is 87 in the
state, 81 in the southern counties, 90
in the central counties, 99 in the north-
ern counties and 95 in the upper pe-
ninsula. The condition one year ago
was 98 in the state, 100 in the south-
ern. counties, 99 in the central coun~
-ties, 96 in the northern counties and 94
in the upper peninsula,

Barley.—~The acreage of barley sown
or that will be sown as compared with
last year is 93 in* the state, central
counties and upper peninsula, 92 in the
southern counties and 96 in the north-
ern counties.

Meadows—The condition of mead-
~ows as compared with an average is
87‘ in the state, 83 in the southern
'counties, 84 in the central counties, 99
in the northern counties and 93 in the
upper peninsula. The condition one
year ago was 91 in the state, southern
’and- northern counties, 89 in the cen-
tral» counties and 99 in the upper pe-
.ninsula.

‘Potatoes.——The acreage of potatoes
planted or to be planted as compared
with last year is 91 in the state and
southern counties, 88 in the central
counties, 96 in the northern counties
and 92 in the upper peninsula; The
condition as compared with an average
: is 88 in the state, 84 in the southern
. counties, 95 in the central counties, 93
~i-n.:the northern counties and 94 in the
upper peninsula.

Cabbage and Celery—The number
of acres of cabbage planted or to be
planted so far as reported is 5,046 in
thestate and the number of acres of
celery 2,800. . '

Sugar Beets—The acreage of sugar
beets planted on to be planted as com-

--pared with last year is 97 in the state,

‘ u an ‘

 

   
  
 

      
 
 

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va “-woni-u

 
  

 
 

they ’re all
, crazy-over it"

It ’8 Bi- Corr? .

 
   
     
 

 
 

 
 
     

   
    
     
  

 

  
    
   
   
   
     
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
 
    

 

,Bi-Cormfrom, Farrowing 32 Marketing

‘1! From weaninggti‘meto
marketing time, Bi—Corn is the log-

    
 

 

ical and most profitable feed for hogs.

1]] Little pigs love it and

will thrive'upon it, attaining growth
and weight in remarkably short time.

in Hogs fed from wean-
ing upon Bl-Corn will, when market-
ed at 8 to 10 months of age, show morelpounds
over the scales than it is possible to get by feeding
any other feeds, grainsor combination of feeds.

(J73 At present prevailing hig' pork
prices every pound counts, and 10 pounds more ‘

weight around upon' a~ earload of hogs means better than $100
added to the bank account. - ‘

 
   
 
   
 
 
  
   
    
       
       

 

>93 in the southern counties and upper
peninsula, 106 in the central counties,
and 96 in the northern counties. !
Colts and Ca1ves.—~The number of
colts as compared with last year is 77
in the state and upper peninsula, 78 in
the‘southern counties, 73 in the central
counties and 79 in the northern coun-
ties. The number of calves as com~1
pared with last year is 95 in the state,
.93 in the southern counties and 96 in
the central and northern counties and
upper peninsula.

Fruit—The following table will show
.the prospect, at the present time, for
a cr0p of the various kinds of fruit in

the state and the different sections:
. Sou. Cen. Nor. Up-
State. Co’s Co’s Co’s Pen.

Apples 68 64 68 82 89
Pears .... .69 66 68 86 84
, Peaches . . 51 48 60 70 . .
Plums ..... . 72 68 74 84 97
Cherries . . . . 76 70 79 94 103

.‘Strawbr’s 88 86 86 95 88

 

-Many stockmen throughout the coun-
try hung on to their cattle holdings
too long, and big losses are the un-
pleasant result. It is getting a prob-
lem with many owners of cattle what .
course to pursue, but the wise course
seems to be to let the matured beeves
go to market and hold thin stock for

summer grazing. Paying too high

 

-mses in the’cattle industry

  
  

they; out a desirable market
bass 13ml: is more cash; handled

 

. e 'hutcfigg-‘thangthe heavier car-

"M. ~13 3. ~.

    
  

Bi—Corn is made-lay the Manufacturers of the famous Unicorn Dairy Ration.) ‘

Chapin & Co, Dept. M, Chicago, Ill. '

 
  
    
  
    
    
   

 

CULOTTA & JULL'

Eastern Market, Detroit, Mich.

Headquarters for fancy fruits and produce. We make
a. specialty of berries, cherries. peaches. pears, aspara-
gus, celery, etc., and need your shipments to supply our
trade. W'e want your shipments of eggs. veal and l
poultry. We handle only on commission and 've you

.Make Your Own
the benefit of our market. large or small a pments

“All BID
have our every care and attention.

Save time, money. labor—and own a better combination wagon body. The clever Allith-Prouty equipment, Reference Peninsular State Bank.
and simple instructions. enables you to make a rack that is unexcelled. a wagon box almost water tight 8.

. stock rack that slips on snug and solid—three bodies in one—hay can be loaded and W~ ' '-
unloldod faster and “slot; grain loaded with loss lifting: stock handled with E G G

HAY BED, GRAlN BED
AND STOCK RACK

     
       

  
  
 
  
   

 

   

greater use and socuflty. ake it yourself—simple as fixing a gate. giggdzeg: 5111.131311]“; 16:5: V311:
. Endorsed by Agricultural Colleges Exclusive Features market. Ship to us.

F°t§£d:%‘:.“s$“'%m3.fl§¢ii 3:33 Paaf‘h'i'liafi'dfipz'fi‘r’lcis‘d {:3 m AMERICAN BUTTER & CHEESE co.
.- ’.m “‘3 m Stu}? fimmW-M‘WW* Detroit. Michigan

nmézfiwfigEWE-wfig ”fiffififfi MICHIGAN enown sums

Door Hansen and 1‘ Garage Door Hardware. Hardware Spehlslties. Spring H 59" ¥l°§;881m§§f-ofiggggggtligsggffigfifi . ;. 3:

['Mr. POULTRY FARMER : - POULTRY ; ~33
We make a. specialty of White Hennery Eggs and S c B. Mlnorcas. Eggs from T‘mm r15, '
h or ated a profitable market for o e gs the ' ' from Ben 232-00 rlfi- Incuggtor ”5,0609"
ygzreargund. We psi; the highest merging lost your hundmd- ‘6 W— MILLS, 3 0., Mich

8" Express shipments fresh 9

 

 

   

 

     

 

 

 
 

 

 
 

 

 

 

  
  

 

 

 

 
 

 

 

  
     
     
  

    

Bi: profits easily made selling tires.

 

    

 
 
 
  

 

 

   

 

' ’ ’Wor ' Hennery Whites— e remit same do shipments . . .
aum§m°p§°§m° °’ {fusfifem' Egg: arrive. Shiv Dim—Shiv 1., mm Pme Crest ““1893“: ch‘é‘h smartfihlfi‘m‘:
toners ”Sand mskelsrgspmnu GEO. R. ELDRIDGE CO. 15. (No tub or “$8” 100). Mrs.

f{or fiwmm have contracts with «Huh Strut. Donut. Mich. L13 30"“ 1"" 0N“- W 0'“- Nigh-
acto ea or L i 3 A‘ n.‘ A. . _ 3
“seconds" and “fig‘gfily‘ggada‘mdllmke w. "u "a "a” Imp-m“ "hm gyandottes Tree range lock 1‘!) Duston's

 

. V ' b.» a" shuthlSWflVJWMu ‘ . hens mated to 7Martinfs Re 3! St
. 3. . 3 _ ,3 -_ A... Holmesfilllwe 60., 445 Rlopelle SL mm“ W ”sausages? magma?
H A Y Ski: if." h" 96"}? ”Mg “0!". Wu 'Wfl‘ mm Fri-Jovislonfifi. 33313:! “1:: llver. Gddont WhitdWysndottos from line quality
. ‘ C3 ‘ 3 ' on" gonna 16mph“. Wayne Conn l Home Bav on stock. [35 by Pflost prepaid 831!) B3, 16. $.00 per
‘ ' . .3 shut. Bids. . PI. , bot-roll. mob. 0.4.2318, - .ssoo per .- o. . Brownian. 33.2. min-names.

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3 wk. ’ 3mm

"r'~"- .....- .-..h—._..

 

  


Next Time You’ re in Town...“

—notice the number of cars you see equipped
with United States Tires.

You’ll find the proportion surprisingly large.

And if you were to look at the cars on Fifth

Avenue, New York, Michigan Boulevard,

1 Chicago, or other fashionable thoroughfares,"
you’d find the same preponderance there.

Everyone—folks in the cities, villages or on

the farms want tires of known value and lasting

2» dependability. War and war work taught them
the thrift of driving on good tires.

It is sheer merit-ebuilt-ingoodness—that has
created the tremendous and” growing popularity
of United States Tires. ' "

Our ideal—to build good tires—the best tires
that can be built—is appealing to rapidly grOw- ’
. ing numbers. ' *

It ought to appeal to yOu.

3