The Only Weekly Agricultural, Horticultural and Live Stock Journ





 





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VOL. CXXXIV. No. 14.

Whole Number 3497-





DETROIT MICH.. SATURDAY, APRIL 2, 19m.





 





FARM NOTES.





 





Starting a Crop Rotation.



'Will you please answer the following

question .thru your valuable paper? In

trying to change the rotationof my farm

I have one field that was in corn last

year, planted on a June grass sod With

manure only on part of it. This held will

go in oats and peas next year, part of

which will be cut for nay. Now to get

my rotation right this field must be

planted to corn again in 1911. What can

I sow, after the oats are cut, for green

manure? Will it pay to get cowpeas

at $2.50 or $3.00 per bu. and sow one-half

to one bu. per acre? I have one bushel

of rape seed on hand. The field is a

light sand and in part a clay subsoil.

Will cowpeas and soy beans grow this

far north?



Osceola. Co. B. L. L.





Under these conditions a mixture of rye

and rape, sewn on this stubble ground

after the oats and peas are harvested,

would serve to appropriate and hold any

available fertility in the soil for the use

of the succeeding corn crop and would,

in addition, make valuable fall pasture

for sheep and hogs. Cowpcas or soy

beans would be much more valuable for

green manure, but it is questionable

whether it would pay to plant them so

late in the season, especially on stubble

ground, where moisture conditions are

uncertain. The earlier varieties of both

are suitable for use in this climate, but

need about all of the growing season to

make a. good crop. Hence it would be

better to use the catch crops suggested

in this case, as they will add some vege-

table matter to the soil in addition to the

advantages above mentioned.



Fertilizer for Beans.





' h is the best fertilizer for beans?

Dylgicey require a complete (Standlarcti

2-8-2) ifertilizer? Some tell .me tda

beans only need phosphoric amd an a

little potash. The 5011 is mostly of clay}-

ish nature with a little gravel intermixe ,





also some sandy spots. H L

Lapeer Co. . .

As the bean is a leguminous plant, hav-



ing the power to gather its nitrogen from



the air when the bacteria peculiar to the

plant is in the soil, it is not generally

considered necessary to use fertilizers

containing nitrogen for beans. In fact,

no better results will gen-

erally be secured where

nitrogen ”is used than

where it is not, except in

cases where the nitrogen

fixing bacteria peculiar

to the plant is not pres-

ent. It is entirely pos-

sible that on soils where

beans have not been

grown recently and which

have been cultivated for

a good many years, it

might pay to use be

pure culture to inoculate

the seed before it is

planted. In some cases

where this has been tried

with ordinary field peas

in Michigan it has been

found to give profitable

results. But on land

where beans have been

grown in the crop rota—

tion or where the soil is

in a first-class condition

mechanically as Well as in

fertility this is not neces-

sary to good results. On

our heavier soils, those



Who have experimented



With fertilizers haVe found



that phosphoric acid in



the form of acid phos-



Dhate is the most profit-



able form in which to use



COmmercial fertilizer for



beans. The method fav—



ored is to use 200 to 300



lbs. per acre, sown broad-



cast or, as prefered by





 





A Plank Frame Barn Ready for Siding.





 





1





Interior View





Raising a Timber Frame Barn





of a Plank Frame, Showing Method of Trussing Roof,





on the





.A ' - fl '7 .



‘ 13$“ .1 8331 if;

geufi :-



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(See page 362).





 





A; “(ma at





 





. .





 





Farm of Samuel Bowman, St. Clair County, Michigan.





75 CENTS A YEAR

“.50 THREE YEARS





 





 





 





some, sowing it through three drill hoes.

the one through which the seed is dropped

and one on each side. On lighter soils

it might pay to use some potash as well,

but this can only be determined accurately

by experimenting in individual cases.

Another reason why fertilizers containing

nitrogen are not advocated by bean grow-

crs, is the fact that the bean crop is

now generally given a better place in the

crop rotation than formerly by those who.

St‘t'lll‘O the best results with it. The ideal

place for beans is on a clover sod, which

contains a quantity of available nitrogen

Slol‘cd up by the clover crop which aids

in giving the bean plants a vigorous Start

until the bacteria peculiar to the plant

gets established in its roots.

Plowing vs. Disking for Oats.





\Ve have ten acres of heavy clay loam

that we intend to sow to oats and seed

down this spring. The piece in question

was in corn last year. Now we have

made a, practice of fall plowing for oats

but neglected to do so last fall on ac~

count of bad weather. \Vould it be ad-

visable to disk this piece and harrow

deeply this spring to obtain the best re-

sults for the oats and seeding as well?



Ottawa Co. R. H. L.





There seems to be very little difference

in the yield secured by these two methods

of preparing soil for sowing oats. The

writer generally prepares the land with

out plowing where'oats are sown after a

cultivated crop, on a sandy loam soil.

On heavy soils there is less difference in

the time required to seed the ground by

these two methods, and plowing is the

more general custom. Unless the seed

bed is especially well prepared, the clover

seeding will ordinarily succed fully as

well, if not better, where the land is not

plowed.



Flax as a Cash Crop.



Will you please have some one write an

article in The Farmer about fiaxseed?

Could it be grown near Detroit on clay

loam soil? How much should be sown

per acre? How much does the seed cost?

How much does it yield per acre?



\Vayne o. SUBSCRIBER.



\Vhile considerable quantities of flax

has been grown for seed and a limited

amount for fiber in this country for many

years, it is not well suit-

for use as a regular cash

(-rop in the older agricul-

tural sections. Formerly

it was deemed that flax

was a. very hard crop 0n

the land because it did

not grow successfully for

successive years on the





same soil. It has been

determined in recent

years, however, that





these soils which were

termed “flax sick,” failed

to grow good crops more

because the yielding qual-

ity of the crop deterior—

ated after four or five

years use, and fresh seed

had to be imported be-

cause no attempt had

been made to keep up the

quality by seed selection.

Then flax is subject to a

number of fungous dis—

eases which makes it im—

practicable to grow it

more frequently than

once in five or six years

on the same soil. Flax

has been largely a by-

product of developing new

countries. It was largely

sown in Minnesota and

the Dakotas on the raw

prairie the first year after

it was broken up, because

it could be grown before

the land was in a suit-

able condition for a wheat

crop after the prairie was
362 (2)





broken, and the same practice is now





being followed in Western Canada. It..





can be grown on any soil suitable for

wheat and is sown, when grown for

seed, at the rate of one-half to three-

fourths bushels per‘ acre, being sown

broadcast or with a drill and the seed

covered frOm one-half to one inch deep.

The yield per acre varies from one-half

to one inch deep. The yield per acre

varies from eight to 15 bushels per acre.

the price generally being from “$1.00 to

$1.50 per bushel, although this year it is

very high. It was formerlygrown to

quite an extent at Huron county, Mich..

but in late years it is not as large a fac-

tor as formerly in the agriculture of that

section. '

Harr0wing Wheat in the Spring.

Please will you advise me in your paper

if it would be profitable’to wait until the





ground gets dry on fall wheat before sow-

ing the clover seed and then go over with





a spike tooth harrow, or will it injure

the wheat?

Macomb Co. SUBSCRIBER.





So much depends upon weather condi~

tions that it is impossible to tell whether

wheat will be injured in a specific case

by harrowing at the time of sowing the

clover seed or not. Provided the wheat

is rolled after it is harrowed, there is

probably no danger of injury in any case.

But where harrowing has been tried in

comparison with rolling, there has been

an advantage as shown by the yield in

favor of rolling, especially in a season

where there is considerable dry weather

in the spring. Provided the wheat is har-

rowed and a good rain follows the rolling

should not be necessary, although a good

deal depends upon the condition and na—

ture of the soil. Where the ground thaws

out so early and settles quickly, as it did

this year, we believe it to be a good plan

to barrow in the clover seed unless it was

sown quite early in April, especially on

the lighter soils. The writer has har-

rowed in clover seed sown on fall seeded

rye during the latter days of March, pre-

tering to put the seed in this way rather

than to trust to its being covered under

the weather and soil conditions which then

prevailed. Seed sown at this time or later

Should certainly be harrowed or drilled in

for best results.



Applying Salt to the Soil.





I would like to know what benefit there

is in sowing salt with oats, what amount

should be sowed per acre on an average

to get the best results, and how do you

prefer sowing it, with a drill or broad~

cast? If sowing it broadcast would you

sow the oats with a drill and then sow

the salt broadcast, leaving it on top of

the surface or would you sow both salt

and oats broadcast and work them in

together? Do you think salt would be

any benefit to grass seeding when seed-

ing it with oats, or would fertilizer be

more benefit to the seeding? If so please

state what fertilizer should be sowed and

what amount t0's0w.



Ottawa Co. SUBSCRIBER.





Salt is not in any sense of the word a

fertilizer and it is of doubtful value when

applied to the soil except for the purpose

of destroying any injurious insects which

may be in the soil, for which purposes it

is believed to be beneficial by a good

many farmers. Others believe that they

get a benefit in the better stand of clover

where salt is sown on oats in which clover

is seeded. This, however, is not estab-

lished as a fact, and for this purpose upon

the average soil we believe that lime

would prove a much more valuable soil

corrective and had far better be applied

than salt, so far as the better preparation

of the land for clover. or even the result

with the oat crop is concerned. But

neither salt nor lime is a direct fertilizer,

and unless the soil needs the latter to

correct an acid condition or to produce

an alkaline reaction favorable to the nitri-

tying bacteria peculiargto the clover plant,

an application of 200 or 300 lbs. per acre

of a standard grain fertilizer would prob-

ably produce better results so far as the

clover is concerned. However, clover does

not thrive on an acid soil and if the soil

is even slightly acid the lime would be

the more beneficial of the two. This can

be ascertained by testing it with litmus

paper, or if sorrel or moss grow readily

on it this is an indication that it may

need such a corrective.



Spurry as a Farm Crop.



I wish you would advise me through

the Michigan Farmer as to the value of

giant spurry for soil building; also feed—

ing value when cured for hay. Does it

kill out in Winter and would it have to

be sown every year? Is it good for this

locality? Please give me your opinion.

I take lots of interest in this department

of your paper. I think it worth the sub-

scriptiOn price alone.



Gladwin 00. J. S.



Spurry' is not considered to have a proper

place in Michgan agriculture, except on

very light, thin soils, too poor to grow

clover. It is an annual, cansequently ma-

tures the first season. ripening in about





eight weeks from time of sowing. It is





 





/'





- ' THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





generally sown at the rate (>1.le or eight

quarts per’aCre.

pasture for stock, especially sheep, al-'

though cattle. do not like it at first, and

have to become accustomed to it before

they will eat it readily. While it may be

profitably used as a catch crop for green

manure on poor soils as above noted, it

is inclined to become a weed on good

land, and where‘leguminous crops can be

grown, they are preferable to it from

every standpoint. .





 





THE ~F’LANK FRAME BARN.





 





Several inquiries have recently come to

hand asking for illustrations and descrip.

tions showing the construction of the

plank frame barn. Others have asked for

a description of the method used in build-

ing a round roofed barn. We have for

this reason published the two cuts which

appear on the first page showing a plank

frame barn ready for the siding and one

showing an interior view of the plank

frame barn illustrating the method of

trussing the roof. The small cuts shown





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





herewith will give a good idea of the

method used in building the truss bents

for a plank frame barn. The one illus~

tration shows the methods of building

these trusses for a double arch or a round

roof barn. The same method is equally

adaptable to the curb roof, as will be

noted from the drawing. Another cut

shows the method of bracing the double

arch roof where a timber frame is used.

while still a third shows the method of

building the truss hents for an ordinary





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





pitch roof where the plank frame is used.

These cuts illustrate the principle of the

plank frame much better than any de-

scription could do and from them the

skillful carpenter will be able to figure out

and plan and bill of material for a. barn

of any required size. An advantage in

the saving of material and added strength

of the barn is claimed for the plank

frame above the timber frame; also an

increased durability of the timber in this





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





‘ .-





type of frame. However, since the ad-

vent of the self—supporting roof of var-

ious types the timber required in the

building of a. barn frame is much less

than formerly, and the type of frame best

to use will depend not a little upon the

size of the barn, the purpose for which it

is to be used and the relative cost. of the

material available for its construction.





OATS -AS A FARM CROP.





 





As a crop which can be grown quickly

and with as little labor as any crop, and

one which can be used to good advantage

either upon the farm or as a cash crop.

oats is well at the head. It is a handy

crop to fill in after any memo. 83

com. beans. or potatoes. It.is;also one

which admits of fall plowing, or of prep-





aration without p10.Wing‘. The crop. is





The plant ‘makes good , quickly put in, quickly grown, and quickly





harvested, and is out of the way in time

for wheat. The grain is a standby asa

feedfor horses. and is a chief ingredient

of feeds for cattle and sheep. The straw

is valuable for feed as well as fertilizer.

We are wintering our horses on it almost

entirely, with the addition of a little

grain. In the process of eating the horses

work out enough to bed themselves.



For the farmer who has much Oland and

little help I believe that oats should be a

main crop, as they can be handled more





cheaply and easily than a corn crop, and





work in well in a three—year 0r four-year

rotation. On low or heavy ground they

are a comparatively safe crop to seed

with. but on high or light soils they are

not as sure as wheat in a dry season.

As for yields and profits, I will give

the cost of growing a ten~acre field of

oats last year, and the yield from same:





One—third of 120 loads manure ap-

plied to previous corn crop, at 500





 





 





 





 





per load .......................... $ 20.00

Disking three times, wth cutaway



harrow ........................... 7.50

Harrowing once ................... 2.50

Eighteen bu. seed oats, at 500 ...... 9 00

Drilling ............................ 2.50

Harrowing with spike tooth to 1005-



en crust ......................... 1.25

Cutting and shocking ............. 7.50

Thirty-four lbs. twine at $8.50 ..... 2.89

Hauling and stacking 16 loads.... 12.00

Labor in threshing ................ 3.00

Threshing 596 bu. at 3c ............. 17.88



Total ............................. $ 86.02

Ten loads oat straw at $2.00 ...... $ 20.00

596 bu. cats, at 400 ............... 238.40



Total ....................... $258.40



Net profit on crop ............... $172.38





The land upon which this crop was

grown was recently bought, and previous

to this time had been run quite badly,

hence the heavy application of manure.

The corn crop was not a heavy one owing

to the drouth of last season. hence con—

siderable of the value of the fertilizer

should have been reaped in the oat crop.

We make a practice of charging the crop

to which the manure is applied with half

of its cost, the next crop with one—third,

and the next with one—sixth. In this case

the crop is charged with one-third of

120 loads of manure at 50 cents, which

allows 25 cents for hauling and 25 cents

for the manure, most of which was hauled

from town near by.



Of course, it is possible to grow crops

upon which more work can be expended

and larger returns received, but for the

general farmer who must economize in

that scarce and high article, farm labor,

a crop that will return a. gross income of

nearly $26.00 per acre at a cost of $8.50,

leaving a net income of over $17.00 per

acre, is not a bad crop to grow.



Calhoun Co. S. B. Hartman.





 





CLEARING STUMP LAND.





In early pioneer days the only thing the





farmer with new land could do was to

wait for the stumps to decay sufficiently

so that they could be pulled out with a

team, or if they were of the kinds that

decay slowly, work around them for an

conditions have

changed to an extent which makes this





indefinite period. But





course unnecessary at the present time.





The value of agricultural products is now





high and the increased amount which can

be grown upon new land with the stumps





removed, will nearly pay for the cost of





removing them in the first one or two

crops. The modern stump pullers will

do this effectually, it requiring less horse

power to pull a small stump than it would

the decayed grub under the old crude

methods. These machines are not costly

and are sold on trial so that every farmer

with Stumpy land should investigate them

and their possibilities this spring in order

to be ready to take up this work at the

first favorable opportunity. There are

also powerful pullers made which will

handle the big stumps of the kinds that

decay slowly or not at all. But for the

small farmer who can not well afford

these high«priced, high-power machines,

the triple-power pullers will prove suffi—

cient and the more obstinate stumps can

belifted by the use of explosives which

are both efiicient and safe if directions

for their use are properly followed»





 





 





 





FREE BOOK ABOUT CANCER.



The Leach Sanatorium, of Indianapolis,

Ind. has published a book on cancer.

which gives interesting facts about the

cause of cancer; tells What to do in case

of pain, bleeding, odor, etc., instructs in

the care of the patient, and is in fact a

valuable guide in the management of any

case. The book is sent, free to thus in—

terested who write for it, mentioning this

paper. ' -





 

 

 





nameand -

address for this

Free Booklet





_ In Colors



. Tells how to get

' even discing for per-

'\-\»- 3 feet seed beds.





The Deere Millie] B

* Patented Spring Pressure

Secures liven Penetration





There are just as many good reasons

for even depth as for even depth

lowing and our ree Booklet shows

ow and why theModel “B” does this

work best.

Ask us to mail you Free Book No. II 5

and we will also send our latest Com

Book and Farmers Pocket Ledger, all with-

out charge.



It; pays to use high-grade tools.



Keep posted on up-to-dato methods.

Other exclusive features of the Model “II"

are extra high arch frame, scrapers wh-

out rivets or set screws, hardwood, oil-

soaked bearings, gang frames.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 





 





 





 





LOUDEN’S Bllll BE

GHAPPLE FORK





The Greatest Hay Fm ever built.





Handles Timothy and other heavy Hay

mite and 15 grand in Clover and Al-



la. ck; up the Hay in out big

bunches, bindsits loads so the av does

no! that. loose and meter about.

When it is tripped it dro every straw

slick and clean and I re: a the hay well

in the mow or on t e stack. "





This fork is built of special steel,

thoroughly braced and stro enough to

lift a on. It is so rfec ybolanced

:t ca: be opened or oeed with a slight

ouc .





Ask your dealer to show you this fork.

Don tlet him sell you something just as

good. to none chol- that will

compare with It.





If your dealer doesn't have this fork

wnte to us. Write now for our complete

catalog on barn, stable and dairy fittings.

Louden Machinery Co.



603 B r o a d w a y , ‘

Fairfield, Iowa. '





 

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 





 





 





—A update forms: I!!!“



Fm Institution in Netting glottal. i

single mu. or one with no children pm

wwtu would work In the he... to: hula.

canted-duress Box 89. Housman. not!!!“
o.“





 





APRIL 2, 1910.

expsalsncs WITH LOCUST TIMBER.





 





In your issue of March 5, some con-

tributor from Tuscola county asks infor-

mation about planting'the “black locust

tree” for timber purposes and the editor

answered in an encouraging way, to STOW

this timber. I am so much interested in

forestry and growing timber in a small

way that I wish to supplement this by

adding that I have had some experience

with the black locust tree for forty years

or more. We have one large locust tree

near our “old homestead” that I planted

just about 50 years ago this spring, when

I was a youth, the trunk being now about

two feet in diameter, and we have had

no trouble to speak of about its spreading

from the roots, but occasionally one

springs up from the seed and if we do

not care for it we cut it off or dig it out.

My first experience with them as fence

posts was about thirty years ago when

my mother wished one of these trees cut

away on account of it being too near the

home, the tree being nearly a foot in

diameter. I used it all for fence posts

and quite to my gratification, I found that

they lasted in the ground quite equal to

cedar, and I do not know but better than

some of the cedar posts. These posts

were sound 12 and 15 years after setting.

About that time I planted a few locusts

on a very steep side hill that I knew

could never be utilized for cultivation, and





 





where there was some other small tim-

ber. They spread some from the roots

along the side hill, and I have now for a

few years cut some of these trees for

posts, some of them a foot in diameter,

so that I could split them into four posts

if I wished, and it is timber that splits

very well. The trees had grown to 40 and

50 feet in height, many of them, and

would make several lengths of posts, and

I use all the large limbs for the small

posts in wire fencing, as I have perhaps

a mile or more to keep up.



Now about their spreading. On one

side of this timber is a field that we cul-

tivate, and the locusts have in all these

years spread out from the roots from one

or two rods, as we have not tried to

keep them back only as we plowed, and

the soil being rather light, did not care.

We have been able to cut some posts

from these sprouts, for they will grow

large enough for a small post in six or

seven years. They spring up from the

seed, as the pads will blow in heavy

winds, some rods, but the spreading from

the roots, need not be considered against

the tree, when planted for timber pur—

poses. I COnsider this hillside of locusts

about the best investment that I have,

except a good apple orchard.



Allegan Co. H. H. GOODRICH.





 





SPRING WHEAT RAISING IN CEN-

TRAL MICHIGAN.





 





I see by The Farmer that a. number

of farmers are interested in raising spring

wheat here so I will tell them my expe-

rience with it.



I secured a good kind and raised it for

several years and then gave it up. I

found that it was not as sure as winter

wheat and not as good a yielder. My

largest yield was 20 bushels per acre and

I thought winter wheat under just as fav-

orable circumstances would have produced

30 bushels per acre. My smallest was

not worth harvesting, then when we are

the busiest is when it must be put in,

while winter wheat is put in in a less

busy time of the year. But after all, it

was the millers that were the chief cause

of its being given up. At first they would

give me the same for it as they would

for winter wheat, either in cash or grist;

but later they would only give about two-

thirds as much for it as for other wheat

hardly as much as it was Worth for feed.

They, the millers, admitted that in the

west spring wheat made more and better

flour than the winter wheat did; but said

that they could not make more than two-

thlrds as much flour from it as they could

from the winter kinds, because it requires

special machinery to grind it that they

did not have. LaterI learned that ex-

perts had found that pone of the hard

wheats raised in the west retained the





\





THE MICHIGAN .FARMER. .





same qualities when raised here as they

have when, grown in their home states,

owing to the difference in soil and our

heavier rain fall, the grain becoming

softer, more porous and having less gluten

in it. From my experience I would

think that it lost vitality here and run

out much quicker here than the winter

kinds do.



The soil I raised it on is a mixture of

sand and clay, and has raised 30 bu. of

winter wheat per acre. The crop I lost

seemed to rot in the ground, or die just

after it started up, on account of a cold

Storm we had at that time, yet oats went

through the storm and made a fair crop

though it hurt them some. Spring wheat

could stand cold alone better than oats

but it could not stand wet nearly as well.

Perhaps this was because it came from

a drier climate than ours.





Isabella Co. F. G. SMITH.





A HANDY CLOTHES LINE POST.





 





Where the ordinary post for clothes

lines are unsightly upon the lawn, a

length of gas pipe may be employed; this

has a notch cut in one end for the line

and the post may be placed in position





 

 

 





and taken down in a few moments’ time.

The base of the post is of concrete,

made by excavating to a depth of 15

inches and then setting the pipe upright

in the center and filling around same with

concrete; as this hardens, turn the pipe

slightly so the bond of concrete and iron

will be broken, which permits the pipe to

be removed from the concrete base. thus

an instant of time on wash day will erect

the posts and when not, in use they can

be stored away and the surface of the

lawn is smooth for the lawn mower.

Wayne Co. A. A. HOUGHTON.





THE DEEP TILLAGE SYSTEM.



This is an age of new systems in agri-

culture. The so—called dry farming sys-

tem by which crops are now raised in the

semi-arid regions on an amount of rain-

fall which under ordinary cultural meth~

ods would give very uncertain results,

has its counterpart in the so-called deep

tillage system of farming by which deep,

heavy, impervious soils are said to be

improved and rejuveniled so that much

better crop yields are secured from them.

Years ago the sub-soil plow had many

advocates and was used to a considerable

extent in various parts of the country.

Its use, however, has become rare, prob.

ably largely on account of the increased

cost of plowing and fitting land where

the sub—soil plow is used. Some of our

leading agriculturists have experimented

in recent years with another system of

plowing which combines the advantages

of the sub-soil plow with other advantages

which they have considered even more

important. This system as originally

tried, had the same objection of increased

expense that the sub-soil plow had. It

consisted of following in the furrow with

a smaller sized plow than the one used

to turn the furrow, thus not only loosen-

ing up the sub-soil to a considerable depth

but bringing up a portion of it and mixing

it with the surface soil as the successive

furrows were plowed. Some of the most

progressive farmers in the country have

claimed great things for this system of

plowing on the deep, heavy soils where it

has been tried. American inventive‘

genius has foreseen a. further develop-

ment of this system in the invention of

a deep tilling machine, or a double disk

plow, one disk of which cuts and mum

a furrow and the other disk follows in

the bottom of the furrow thus made,

loosening up the sub-soil and mixing it

with the surface soil in very much the

same manner as though two plows were

used, except that the soil is more finally

pulverized, with the additional advantage

claimed that no more horse power is re-

quired than for ordinary plowing done

with ordinary plows. This system of

plowing is highly commended by many

farmers Who have experimented along

these lines and its development may well

be watched with interest by those of our

readers who have the kind of soil that

has shown improvement in fertility un-

der this method of deep tillage in other

states. '





Pain or dull ache in the back is evi-

dence of kidney trouble. It is Nature’s

timely warning to show you that the

track of health is not clear.



Danger Signals.



If these danger signals are unneeded

more serious results follow; Bright’s dis-

ease, which is the worst form of kidney

trouble, may steal upon you.



The mild and immediate effect of

Swamp-Root the great kidney, liver and

bladder remedy is soon realized. It

stands the highest for its remarkable

curative effect in the most distressing

cases. If you need a medicine, you

should have the best.



Lame Back.



Lame back is only one of many symp-

toms of kidney trouble. Other symp-

toms showing that you need Swamp-

Root are, being obliged to pass water

often during the day and to set up many

times during the night.



Catarrh of the Bladder.



Inability to hold urine, smarting in

passing, uric acid, headache, dizziness,

indigestion, sleeplessness, nervousness.

sometimes the heart acts badly, rheu-

matism, bloating, lack of ambition, may

be loss of flesh, sallow complexion.



Prevalency of Kidney Disease.



Most people do not realize the alarm-

ing increase and remarkable prevalency

of kidney disease. While kidney dis-

orders are the most common diseases

that prevail, they are almost the last rec-

ognized by patient and physicians, who

usually content themselves with doctoring

the effects, while the original disease con-

stantly undermines the system.



A Trial Will Convince Anyone.



In taking Swamp-Root you afford natu-

ral help to Nature, for Swamp-Root is

a gentle healing vegetable compound—a

physician’s prescription for a specific





 





disease.





SAMPLE BOTTLE FREE.——To prove the wonderful





 





. (a) 363





no YOU an UPWITH A [AME BAcK?





Have You Rheumatism. Kidney, Liver or

Bladder Trouble?





 





Swamp-Root is always kept up to its high standard

of purity and excellence. A sworn certificate

of purity with every bottle.





If you are already convinced that

Swamp-Root is what you need, you can

purchase the regular fifty-cent and one-

dollar size bottles at all the drug stores.

Don’t make any mistake, but remember

the name, Dr. Kilmer’s Swamp-Root, and

the address, Binghamton, N. Y.. which

you will find on every bottle.





merits of Swamp-





Root you may have a. sample bottle and a book of valuable information. both





sent absolutely free by mail.





The book contains





many of the thousands of





letters received from men and women who found Swamp-Root to be just the

remedy they needed. The value and success of Swamp-Root is so well known that





our readers are advised to send for a. sample bottle.





Address Dr. Kilmer 8: Co.,





Binghamton, N. Y., be sure to say you read this generous offer in The Detroit





Michigan Farmer.





The genuineness of this offer is guaranteed.





 





GASOLINE PUMPING ENGINE





d)

U)

o

O.

L.

3

0..

E

U

Q)

a.

U)

('6

L.

o

u.

o

.E

.c

0

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2





mounted o n t h o

Ikidl, with Ill con-

motion. made before

it leave. the factory.





837.50 pumping engine is in“ the thing.





made the stool windmill busineu.





> A Special





‘-





Thls Is the Engine for Pumping Large

for Watorlng Stock, Irrigating, Draining,

Quarries, Excavations or other places where





A complete pumping outfit assem-

bled in one compact machine ready to

receive the well connections and go to

work just. as soon as they can be attached.

Cyhnder. pipe and rod all fitted ready to

screw together, for any lift from 25 feet to

100 feet. furnished for 845.

1'th is an emergency outfit

which can be shipped on an hour'o

notice and can be set up In com-

plete working order within an hour

after it is received. T

This 0 '

designed

can also be med for running a

grinder, fodder cutter, new or

other light machinery; but,

where operating machinery in

the principal work, our 875-00

2.1!. P. genernl purpose engine with fluted cooler in cheaper

and more Iuitable. Larger size: at proportionately low prices.

It you need n Imnll engine to operate "any old hand pump" on





Remember that these engines no manufactured by the company which I} 7





 





uantltieo of Water

umping out Mines,





a compact. powerful and low priced

pumping outfit is wanted.



This Back-Geared Pumping



ngine With Stuffing Box. asshown.



ready to receive pipe connections.



and capable of raising 260



barrels of water per hour



to an elevation of 25 feet.



66 barrels to an elevation



of 100 feet. or proportion.



ate quantities to any



height. F. 0. B. Chicago





Ine was specially

or pumping.





Aauow Sin-l1 2 J0} Jemod i0 101 V





ERMOTOR 60., 2508 12th St., CHICAGO





 





 





 





WRITE U

CATALOG





 





is replacing the old-fashioned water cooled just as

surely as power is replacing manual labor on the farm.

Don't Buy a Water-Cooled Engine .

and have to fill and empty 3 big water tank and

crank half the morning trying to start a well engine.

Ask the man who owns a “NEW WAY"

fie don’tUhaveéhis nonlinear: will give you plenty of ‘

times. so Ju gmen . r0 rexperience of 0th . AN

The only air-cooled engine guaranteed for all wggc. THIS BR 0





8 FOR

C.





‘





 





7 ASH

STREET





*‘Wfi'fl'
/





364 <0 ‘ . THE - MICHIGAN; FARMER. ' ' ‘ Alumna-1m!

THE ECONOMY OF PREPARED ' I ' ' I ‘ L i L I I . . j ’

ROOFING.





 





 





 





'There are a great many people, and es-

pecially farmers who‘ do not realize the

full value and economy Of using prepared

roofing. I find that there are people yet ’

who think that because their father or ' '

grandfather used boards and shingles -

that they must still continue to use them .

regardless of price. Anyone who will take

the trouble to write to the manufacturer, '

can learn that there is a saving in the

first cost in buying prepared roofing, while ' '

any one that has had experience must The Authentlc Amerlcan watCh

admit that there is also a saving in labor

in putting prepared roofing on as com-

pared with putting shingles on. I know

from experience that it will take about

twice as long to put shingles on as it

does to put prepared roofing on.



But from my experience this saving of

cost and labor is not the greatest consid-

eration. I find that prepared rooting is a



'bcttcr protector from weather and fire

than shingles. I want to call the reader's

attention to a few examples that have come

under my observation in the last few

years which will show that it is much

better to use prepared roofing than to use

shingles. I have in mind, as I write, three

men in my neighborhood that only a few

years ago were obliged to roof their farm

houses. I was in conversation with two

of them just before they began to put

their roofs on, and knowing the value of

prepared roofing and knowing that their

buildings had rather flat roofs I suggested

the putting of prepared roofing on their

houses, and one of them decided to try

it and put his roof on as I suggested. but

the other thought that he wanted shingles,

and put shingles on. This has only been

a few years ago, and the roof made of

prepared roofing is just as good as when





 





put on, while the one with shingles owing r ' ' I

.0 U,“ muf being flat. is no“. leaking badly A VValtham T’Vatch should be conSIdered an investment, an ‘ i

and will need a new roof soon. Of course, i

.‘l ' 'l u ( . , , . . . - ' ' ‘ I.



sling. es “lll last btttti on .1 ioof that 15 Investment as sure as a [Inlth States bond. An Investment that





not flat, but that is the beauty of the prc-.

pared roofing. it is good any way. The ' , . -



1mm man I have in mind ma :1 loss from Wlll pay you interest not only quarterly, but every minute, day .

fire, caused by sparks falling on his roof ' I

out of the kitchen flue, where he was ' I

burning wood for fuel. Had he roofed and hour—and for all your hfe'

his house with prepared roofing this loss

would not have occurred. I have seen ' ' '



sparks fall on my roof that no doubt COHSUIt a JCWCICI' 1n bUYIIlg a watch, as you WOUld a banker

would have set dry shingles on fire, but _ . .

they would lay there and go out. I find . in buying a bond. Insist, always on havmg a \Valtham Watch

that prepared rooting acts as an insurance .

policy, and makes a much better roof

than shingles. Those who have never

had any experience with prepared rooting

will learn a surprising lesson if they will

only give it a trial. R. B. BUSHING.





THE EQUIPMENT 0F BARNS FOR WALTHAM WATCH COMPANY! . ~ A





CONVENIENCE AND SANITATION.





 





 





and one adjusted to temperature and position.





 





WALTHAM, MASS.





No other subject receives more atten~

tion at the hands of dairymen than the

equipment and sanitation of their stables.

They have found that a stable equipped

for the comfort of the cows as well as

convenience in their care makes for econ—

omy of production and larger profits in the

business. The first essential is, of course.

that the stable be so constructed as to be e—_-._..g-. ---..._. _.... __ .

easily kept clean and that it shall be well

ventilated and well lighted. It means

also, some device by which the cows may

be watered in the stable, stanchions or

stalls in which they may be comfortably

confined and at the same time kept clean.

mangers which may be easily cleaned and

which will insure that their food can al-

ways be placed before them in an appe~

tizing condition, etc. It also means that

porper provision must be made for clean-

ing the stables and‘ carrying the litter to

the manure shed or spreader, and for

conveying the feed to the mangers quickly

and economically. Many devices have





Send for the “ Perfected American Watch,” our bOOk about watchesfi





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





The Best Roofing Minufacturetl ls





Requires no painting. Economical and easy to put on; no previous experience necessary. Absolutely guaranteed: brand

new. clean stock. Bright a: a dollar. Sheets are full size. Comes in Corrugated. “V" Crimped. Standing Seam or Plain Flat

Sheets. Heavily galvanized on both sides withthe most approved galvanizing material; preparationwill adhere Iotever."Galvanized"

means that the iron has been coated with liquid Zinc. which makes it absolutely rust and weather-proof; not aft-(ted by heat or

cold. Makes buildings warmer in Winter and cooler in Summer. Drains perfectly and does not soak. Does not taint rain

water. Fin and lightning-proof. Makes your insurance cheaper. Sold direct from our own roofing factory—thelargest in the

world. Chicago House Wrecking CO. sells more roofing material than any other concern. We sell thousands of squares of

"Galvanized Rust-Proof Iron" every week. Used in all climates. For every kind of building.





PAINTED STEEL ROOFING IT $l.25 PER HUNDRED SQUARE FEET!





Also in stock. a full line of painted Steel and Iron Roofing. Siding and Ceiling. all styles at 31.1.5 per .100 sq. feet and up.

Fill in the coupon below. We will send you samples free of charge together with a vast amount of rooting information.





 





 





been perfected in recent years which will _ -

prove almost a. necessity in the well ROOfH‘Ig Supplles 0f FREE SAMPLE coupon no, 28

t ‘ - ' Chi H e Wrecking Co.. 35th 85 Iron Sts.. Chica 0.:

tquxpped barn. More farmers are every Eyery Klnd ! Kiniajfstfiltling , .. z ‘

yea-r realizmg the necessrty 0 putting 80nd for our 500 page Catalog No. 23 5] (R f .

their. stables m a sanitary and up-to-date It is full of information for {he smewd. “rem and zeo oo ..................................................

('Ondltloll. AS a first step In thlS dlreC- economical buyer. Listsfithourgndhs upon (IAOUSdandS If you want Siding or Ceiling give diagram and full dimensions....

’ of rare bargains. Priceo ersw ic comman or ets.

tion, no better mme could be made than Millinuo/dollarr worth of merchandise. bouzm‘a‘ ................................ . ......... . ..................

to Write to the manuraCturers 0f ham Sherifis'. Receivers’ and other forced 53155. are plain- When do you expect to order.... .. ...... .... .... .... .... .... ....

and stable equipment advertising in this lydescribedlnthls book. SEND FOR l’I‘. Name

paper, for catalogues and circular matter Chlcago House Wrecking Go. """"""""""" ' '- '

describing their various devices. They 35th 8. Iron 8:... Chicago. 9. O ......................... R. r. o ........... sme





 





 





 





will not only take an active interest in

furnishing each inquirer with descriptions

of equipment which will suit his needs,

and means, but will also be able. to give

practical advice on the building and re-

modeling of barns and stables. With such

materials in hand, any man will be better

able to select stable equipment which will

be satisfactory to himself and his help in

everyday use, and profitable in his

‘3 business. . l





 





PRIVATE WATE R WORKS THELARGESTAND sssnmeor





ECONOMY nor AIR PUMP maturing; WEI-I. DRILIJNG





tom rature and any desired pressure the car around. RUN BY ’ -



"BE, N0 EXPLOSION. N0 BXHA ST N0 TROUBLE. MACHINERY micemmmakwe-

N0 NOISE. A child can run it. We equi your WATER SUP- Ing It for over 20 years. Do not buy until you

PL‘V COMPI. Send





 





ETB with either Hot Air or lectric‘ Pump pneu- see our new Illustrated C

matic or open tank. TEN oAvs TRIAL. ’ toritnow. '1: Is Funnftamg“ N“ 1"





THOMAS & SMITH 118 North 61mm! 3t. Mm. mun "IIIIIIIQIIIrIngGOqIIIIflp
, APRIL 2, 1910..





 





FOR





srnmcmplrrmc





Hand Dressing All Stock.





PUTS AN END T0

LICE. TICKS. MITES.

FLEAS, MANGE. SCAB,

RINGWORM, ALL

SKIN DISEASES.

Don’t waste time and money on interior dips.

—-——USE-—-—-———-—





KRESODIP





NON-CARBOLIC. .TANDARDIZID.





 





Prepared in our own laboratories. Ask your

drugzist for Kreso Dip. Write us for free

booklets telling how to use on all live stock.





PARKE, DAVIS 8!. CO.

nsrnorr, MICHIGAN.





Bnaucnls: New York, Chic ,St. Louis, Boston. Balti.

more, New Orleans, Kansas Ct. liqlndiannpolis,S Minneap-

olis, blesm‘ghiaét London, Eng.; out enl Que. dney,

LPstersburg, Russia; Bombay, India;



Toklo, Japan, Buenos Aires, Argentina.





 





 





DEATH TO HEAVES





Coughs, Distemper. Indigestion

Guaranteed or Money Reiunded





 





/ TheStandardVetlel-inaryRemedy

Hakesthe one Strong and WI II In: to Work.

wCIIIIES IIIEAVES OI CORRECTING TIIE CAUSE



his Indigestion. Send/or Booklet“Horse Trouba

le'sh' cExplains fully about. the Wind, Throat, Stomach

and Blood. Newton‘ s is safe for colt, adult. or mare in foal.

A COMIC CONDITIONER MID WORM EXPEllEII

I (Inn It denier-s or express pr





.1 aid.

1.11111: nnw'rou sensor 00., Toledo, onto ..





Horse Breeders





MARE IMPREGNA Tans





E from 2150 6 mates in

foal gram one service o’f stallioggtr' 'sck. Increase the

profits from your breeding stables y using these Im-

preznshors. No mexperience neegb to use them





aha

“Popular Ears" turntsnamis mourn?” especially

recommended! orimpreznatin so-called n and





mull-lute: " énddfinmouh" which lli‘ulls‘tjam and do.





lcribos vices, Breedi Hobbies.

StallionBrldl Immdgngum rts.3ervice Igeeks. Etc.

0mm ll 00.. Dept. so, Giovanna. Ohio.





 





 





 





 





IncreaseYour Profits '





 





 





lbuy corn and suitable concentratcs





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





 





LIVE STOCK





MALAAAAALAAAAAAAA AAAAAA

. FEEDERS’ PROBLEMS.



A Ration for Young Pigs.

Would ground oats alone be a good feed

for young pigs? Have more oats than

any other gram.



Lapeer Co. A. C.



Oats would not be an economical feed

for pigs when fed alone. They make a

good factor in the ration for young pigs,

provided they are screened so that the

oat hulls are removed, these being ob-

jectionable for the young pigs on account

of the excess of fiber which they contain.

The W'isconsin station made several trials

with oats for pigs, finding that where

oats are fed in combination with corn

meal, the two being ground together,

more economical results were secured

than where oats were fed alone. At the

Massachusetts station, where oats fed

alone were compared with corn. it was

found that about 20 per cent more oats

were required to produce 100 lbs. of gain

than was the case with corn, both feeds

being used in combination with skim-

milk. Hothver, this is not the only rea-

son why oats will not prove an economical

ration when fed alone to pigs. Another

very pertinent reason is that the nutrients

contained in oats are much more expen-

sive, at present market prices, than those

containcd in corn. Where one has more

oats than other grains, it would pay to

sell the oats at present market prices and

high

using





YYYV





 





 





in protein to balance it up properly,





‘somc oats with it by way of introducing





the element of variety in the ration. since

the same results would be secured more

cheaply than would be possible with oats

fed alone.





BREEDING PURE-BRED SWINE.

The Foundation Herd.

The man who goes into the business of

brooding rcgistcrcd swine impulsively or

Without study and a fair understanding





of the breeds and his own conditions is

simply buying trouble and disappoint-

ment. In selecting a breed he should





select the. one that he has reason to be-

lieve the best adapted to his cnviron-

mcnts. Some are bcttcr grazers and rust.





lers than others, some are better adapted

to being handled in small yards than oth-





ers, and certain climates are better suited

to certain colors than others, In the, north

color is of little actual importance, bllt

in the south there. is considerable preju-

dice against a white 110g because their

Skin is more liable to sun- scald. sc"1u\v and

mango. The breed that is best adapted

to his climate, fccds and farm and that

has proven successful in the hands of the

farmers and feeders ncar his farm will

be the safest to invest. in.



Before he sclccts his foundation herd

he should visit some of the leading fairs

and public swine sales and fix thoroughly

in his mind the shape and model of the

animals he wishes to breed. As soon as

he drives home to his inner conscience the

fact that the. demands of the packers are

the reason for Show yard form and high

prices for breeding stock, he will be cap-

able of making more intelligent selection

of his foundation stock. Fashions and

fads come and go, but the man who

breeds along utility lines, studies the de-

mands of the market and takes advantage

of every opportunity to shape his favorite

breed to meet tllese_requircments will





 





When All Others Fail Try

Dr. Fair’s





Cough é lieave





Remedy

SIX DAYS’ TREATMENT FREE to new

customers, if you send 40 to pay postage.

If your druggist can‘t supply you





Send $1 for 30 Days’ Treatment





W. C. FAIR, V. 5.. Prop.

DR. PAIR VETERINARY REMEDY CO.

5112-5114 Carnegie Avenue, Cleveland. Ohio.





 





 





 





 





 





PILLING





P.HILA





Imprognaiors for Mares and cows





From 8‘. Artificial 1m regnstors are

"Easy to Use". vigil rite tor pamphlet.p





330- P- Pill-1N6 a son co. Philadelphia, is.

H EAV E St. comm PERMANENT;





REMEDY 00.. Detroit. Mich.” tel a how AFBEIS





 





 





never fail to secure good prices for his





’ surplus stock and have pleased customers





who will seek his stock.

‘Ve all claim to know a little about the

laws of heredity. We claim to understand





1that like will produce like, and were it





not for this faith none of us would invest

in pure-bred swine. But frequently We





f find that a fine—looking sow will not have

offspring that resemble her, even though

3 she is mated with a good individual boar.





‘ us to study





 





The pigs may resemble some grand-dam

or grand—sire, some great grand-dam or

great grand—sire instead of the parent

pair. This shows how important it is for

the ancestry of all of our

breeding stock for many generations back

and dctermine if they were all good in-

dividuals.



Like, will produce like only after these

qualities have become fixed, or perma-

nent. It is only after these qualities

have become established by a long series

of years and generations of breeding that

they will be certain to develop in the

descendants. After it is settled in his

mind that it is necessary to obtain a good

line of blood and permanently established

characteristics in his foundation herd, the





next step for him to decide will be which

of these characteristics he desires to

maintain

desires to improve upon. It is impossible

for him to develop his herd in an intelli-

gent manner unless he learns a few of

the lessons associated with his stock and

forms a definite idea of the type, of an

animal he desires to work toward. He

should fix some definite ideal and strive

to reach it; have some particular hobbv

and originality that will raise his herd

above the animals of the breed to which





they belong. Every breeder cannot be»

come a Cruickshank, or a Bakcwcll, but





he can find no pleasure, profit or incentive

by following along in the, time-worn ruts

that a majority of the present day breed-

ers are in.



111 getting together a herd of registered

swine, a man with but limited cxpcl-icnce





should work into the busnlcss gradually

and use great caution in selecting his

foundation herd. Four good sows safe





to a good sire will form a good

hegilmll'lg. This will afford an opportu-

nity to study their characteristics before

purchasing a boar and he will gain a bet-

ter knowledge of the type of an animal he

nccds to carry out his ideas of improvc~





with pig





mcnt. It is much better to begin with a

small herd and gradually learn to creep





along before attempting

dark, rough and treach—

sclccting four good sows





and feel his way

to walk upon a

erous road. By





that are with pig to a. goml sire, and dc~

voting close attcntion to thcil‘ individuality

and brooding he will find it quilc easy to

gradually dcvclop a liliOWlMlL‘Jt- of thc

business while his herd is developing and

increasing and he will be more capable

of wrestling with the many intricutc

ploblcms that are ctmstantly prl‘lsnlting

thcmsclves as his held more ilcarly

reaches perfection.



The selection of a suitablc breeding

boar to head the hcrd is one of the most

difficult problcms for him to tli‘t‘lilt‘. ’l‘hc

brccding boar rcprcscnts onc-halt' of the

breeding powcr of the herd for good or

bad. His results should be chmcly noted

and his pedigree given carcful considcra—

tion. If possible. I 'would st-lccl one that:

had been tried and proven a good sirc.

It is safer to sclcct him at, his home, in





his normal condition and with his work--

ing clothes 011. It is much casicr to dc-

tcl'mine the value of a brooding animal

whcn he is in his normal condition than

when his defects are. covered with :1

blanket of fat. Then again, thcre are

many buyers looking for show yard win—

ners and he will often be compcllcd to

pay more money for a show winner. than

an equally good animal would cost him

if purchased in his normal condition.

Show yard honors have value but there

are many winners that ncvcr prove val—

uablc brccdcrs when put to the test in

the herd. It is seldom profitable to invest.

.1 large amount of money in a high priced

breeding boar until he has a lot of choice

sows to mate with him.



The character of the herd will depend

precisely upon the quality of each and

every animal selected for breeding pur-

poses. The boar should be. an cxccllent

individual ideal in form, size, color mark.

lugs and possess finish and quality. He

should have a sprightly, elastic step and

graceful carriage. He should be ablc

to look you square in the eye and have

a kind and intelligent face, eye and head.

He should carry good size and possess

plcnty of vitality and constitutional vigor.





a.





A line, silky coat. smooth sides and be

fI‘H‘ from wrinkles. He should have a

strong, broad and well arched back;





shoulders wide,

com pact.

loins full

roomy;





deep and broad on top,

smooth and well down 011 arm;

and smooth; chest large and

rump long. broad and well round—

cd, and tail well set up, tapering and

curled; ribs well sprung from the back,

and chest roomy and large; hams long,

deep and thick and well rounded from

points down to the hocks; sides long,

straight, deep and free from wrinkles

and flanks well set down; legs short, set

at each corner and standing erect, front

legs should stand straight and be mus

clcd down on arms; hind legs strong and

hooks Well set, and short and firm pas-

tern; feet tough and erect toes. Added to

all of these requirements he should come

from a line of ancestry possessing the

same qualities.

In selecting sows for the foundation

herd it will be best to buy them from one

herd that has been established for many

years until the animals bear a striking

uniformity to each other and the blood

lines have become thoroughly established.

This enables him to take up the work

where the man who bred them left off

and continue the work of improvement,

instead of buying a miscellaneously bred





and perpetuate and which he-





 





 





<5> 365





 





Horse Owners Should Vs.





GOMBAUIJ’S

CAUSTI-C’ BALSAM





The Great French Veterinar%§emedl .

A SAFE, SPEEDY a. POSITI CU





Prepared exclusively

b J. E. Gombault, ex-

ete Surgeon to

ginsd Government





 

   





enc





 





SUPERSEDES All. CAUTERY 0R "RING.





Impossible to produce any scar or blemish.

The safest best Blister ever used. Takes the



lace of all liniments for mild or severe action.

Removes all Bunches or Blemishes from Horses

or Cattle.



As a HUMAN REMEDY for Rheu-





matism. Spralns, Sore Throat, etc, it

is inveluable.A

WE ABANTEE that one table-





spoonful of Caustic Balsam Will produce

more actual results than a whole bottle of any

liniment or s avin cure mixture ever made



Every botte of Caustic Balsam sold is

War-ranted to give satisfaction. Price 81.50

per bottle. Sold by ydrugg gists or sent by ex-

press. charges paid, with all directions for its

use. nd for descriptive circulars, testimo-

nials, etc. Addre





Till LiWRINCI-WILLIAIS COIPINY, Cleveland, Ohio.





 





 





 





 





“Cow Troubles"





Is the title of our Book 6-A that

is sent lflee, telling how to relieve

Cukcd Bug Sore orInJurcd Tents,

Idcr Ill I‘eut, Uowi’ ox, Uddor

sroublcs. and prevent Heifers

from becoming hard milkers with





$1.00 per Box “cows RGIIGI”





Delivered, or at Dealers’

0. H. DIFG. 00., 28 Chapel St" Lyndon, Vt.





 





 





should have the famous





Kendall’s Spavin [into





The great emergency remedy. Gnu.

twin. Bitty/bone, Curb, Spit“ mt,

prains, Lumenesa. All drugglatsleli





, it at $1 a Bottle; 8 for $5.

,‘ Treatise on the Horse, ” {res





’~ DR. But. KENDALL co.-

\ . Enosburn Falls, Vt.





KEKIONGA STOCK FARM





DECATUR, IND.,





Importers and breeders of





Belg‘ianéPercheron





Stallions and Mares.





 





 





 





Our last importation arrived last November. and

are in a very good condition and of the VERY BEST

TY PICAL DRAFT QUALITY. We have over 60

head of Stallions and Mares from two to five years

for sale, and we invite prospsectlve buyers to some

to our barns where he will find THE IDEAL

DRAFT HORSE. of both breeds above mentioned.



Our terms are liberal. and every sale is backed up

with the best of guarantees.



Write. or better—come and see us. Address





FRISINGER 8- SPRUNGER, Decatur. Indiana.





1 0—0 Percheron Stallions 1 0—0





 





 





——-and Mares=

Imported and pure bred regist—ered

Stallions from ........ $400 to $1200.

Mares from ........... . .$250 to $600-





Write for Art Blotter.





BURTON 65 C0.. Kenton,0hio.

Fox SALE reassess.easiest:





Private Sales daily. A number of draft and farm



horses always on hand including some city mares a



little pavement sore suitable for farm work. All



horses sold are as rlefresented or money refunded.

J08 .GERO HORSE MARKET.



475 Grutlot Ave. Detroit. Michican.





PEROHEIIOII STILLIONS. 3.“°s‘l.2‘ll’h3‘.‘£§.lli:flfolil°‘.’i§'





es, reasonable prices. '1‘. hi. Southwortha Son 3.18, Allen, Rich





 





 





 





—Brillisnt bred registered Perch-

FOI’ Sill IIIIOap eron Stallion 5 years old. Solid

black my hands high. Weight 1600 lbs Sound and

sure. Bell phone. J. C. BUTLER Portland.llich.





KENTUCKY MAM-MOTH JIGKS.





Jacks. Jennats and Saddle Horses. 280 head

to select from. Tamworth Swine. all ages.





 





 





C O





Catalogues now ready

& 00.. Lexincton, Ky.
r ”Va-r >~vxuvim~rr





 





 





The Spalding

Deep Tilling

Machine





restores the fertility of a

worn-out farm and in-

creases the yield oi a

good one.





   

   





 

 

 

   

 





BECAUSE it will plow to a

depth of 16 inches, leaving

the seed—bed thoroughly pul-

verized, and the top-soil and

sub-soil properly mixed. As

a result, moisture is preserved,

good drainage is afforded, the

cost of fitting is reduced, all

trash is buried beyond the

reach of the barrow, the

growth of root and stalk is

stimulated, and crops are

usually increased 25% to 50%,

and often more.



It will plow 5 to 8 inches deeper,

and the same or greater width than

a mold-board plow,



‘ and it will cut of? roots and

turn out rocks and stumps. or dodge

them. without injury to the team.





Send for free book. Complete descrip-

tion of machine and what it will do; ad.

vantage of deep-{lulng photographs of

machine in operation.





Address Department “B”

The Spalding Tilling

Machine Company





Superior Ave. & W. 6th St.

Cleveland, Ohio





   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 





 





 





Correct Grinding





of corn on cob is easily

accomplished with the





Fairbanks - Morse

Steel Feed Mill





The high price of feed makes it im~

portant that you do your feeding on

a scientific basis. FAIRBANKS-

MORSE FEED MILLS are best

on account of their light draft, large

capacity, strength and long life.

They are designed for slow speed,

which reduces friction and wear. A

2 H.-P. Jack—of—all-Trades Engine

will run one of these mills, crushing

ear corn and grinding it fine in one

operation. Shelled corn or other

small grains, separate or mixedncan

be ground fine in one operation.

Made in two sizes:.Sacking Ele-

vator can be used with either size.

Moderate price; greatest walue ewer

offered. Send for Fairbanks-Morse

Feed Mill Catalog, No. LD 601

which also shows corn shellers and

Fodder cutter.





Fairbanks Morse Canfield





Chicago Detroit

Headquarters for

Engines, Electric Light Plants. Scales, Windmills.

Pumps, Pump Jocks. Belting, Roofing, swung.

Pulleys, Fittings and Hose.

Fairbanks Scales





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Going Blind. BARRY

00.. Iowa City. Iowa.

Can Cure.





HORSE





 





I THE "MiCH‘iGA-N ‘FKR’MER.’ ._ .—





.'bunoh :‘of sows; that possess‘nofixeditybe: :perabesa' should'bel‘lalidllVEH-lgfl'ai‘ sheep





The sOws had best be selected from some

established herd by visiting the breeder

and selecting them in their n‘ormalrcondl-

tion. They should resemble the boar and

be bred along similar lines. The special

points to be observed in selecting the

sows are size, quality and finish. Good.

strong backs are of supreme importance.

\Veak backs should be shunned. The

sow’s face should be smooth and broad

between} the eyes and gradually taper

toward the end of her nose. She should

have straight side lines, smooth shoul-

dcrs, and possess symmetry and style,

have a kind disposition and be an easy

feeder and prolific. '



It is a mistake to order foundation

stock by mail and order a few sows and

a boar not akin. The chances are that

right at the very beginning you will in-

troduce a. violent outcross and spoil the

results of years of systematic selection

and mating to hold and keep in control

a fixed type and pl'cpoiency. Fixed char-

acteristics cannot be established and per—

petuated by bringing together unrelated

families of the breed.



New York. W. MILTON KELLY.





 





THE KING SYSTEM OF VENTILATION.





 





The principles of the King System of

Ventilation have been so often mentioned

that most of our readers already have

a good conception of same. However,

frequent inquiries indicate that some of

our readers do not fully understand the

principle of this system of ventilation.

Briefly described, the system consists of

a main ventilating shaft which should

preferably be centrally located and extend

a sufficient distance above the roof of the

barn so that the deflected air currents

may not inlerfcrc with the natural draft

of Such a. line. This should open in the

stable to be ventilated, within a foot or

so of the floor, since the impure air is

heavier than the pure air, and will settle

to the floor. The lines for admitting fresh

air should be smullcr and loculed about

the sidcs of the, stable but should have a

vcniihliing arca equal to that of the main

shaft. Thcsc intake fiucs should open

near the ground on the outside of the

stable. and near the ceiling on the inside

although if thcre is a rise of two or three

fcct, it will bc'sufiicient to accomplish

the purpose for which this elevation in the

flue is necessary. This principle is simply

that the warm air in the stable will not

descend through the column of cold air

in the flue, being lighter on account of

the expansion due to'lhe higher tempora-

lui‘e in the stable. Thus, as tho impure

air is drawn from the floor of the stable

by the main ventilating shaft. fresh air

is admitlcd through these intakc flucs

located in the walls of the stable. In

some modern barns, ihcsc ininkc fines are

installed in the window frames and ap-

pear lo give good satisfaction when so

built. It is better to have them provided

with a means of controlling the amount

of air admitted, since the high winds

which sometimes prevail force for) much

cold air into the stable unless such means

of regulation are provided.



So many factors enter into the question

of the size of the main ventilating shaft

to use that it is impossible to rcvicw them

rill in a brief article. In his work on

\"t-nlilnlion. Prof. King stulcs that to se-

rum proper air movcmcnt through a cow

val-Zn containing 20 cows, :1 vmiiilating

div 2):: fem is rcquircd through which

ihu :oir movcs at thc rulr- of 295 feet per

minute. A similar sizwd flue will be re-

quircd for IT bursts, Til pigs, or 77 shccp.

So much dcpcnds upon the hcight of the

fine and the tcmpcraturc at which the

stable is nminlnincd, that it becomes

necessary to figure on ihcsc factors to get

the proper dimensions of vcniilating fines

for a given number of animals. so that

the safest basis upon which to figure this

problem is the area of ventilation required

for one animal, with a fine of a. given

height under average conditions, which

Prof. King states as follows:



“Outtakc and intake flucs for horses

and cows should provide not less than 30

square inches per head when the outtake

has a height of 30 feet. If the outtake

is shorter, the area should be greater. if

higher, it may be less.” As a basis for

figuring this factor, Prof. King states that

an outtake flue. 20 feet high would require

about 36 square inches per head instead

of 30. For the ventilation of hog houses

in which a shorter ventilating flue is gem

orally used, where an outtake flue 20 feet

in height is used a. ventilating area of 22

square inches per head should be allowed

but if the outtakeflue is only 15 feet high





 





then a ventilating area of 26 square inches





with outtake fines 'of the same height, 15-

and 17 square inches per head, respec-.

tfcely, should be allowed. For" poultry“

heuses where the ventilating flue has or

height of 16 feet, the area of outtake and

intake provided for each bird should be

four square inches or at the rate of 200

square inches for each 50 hens kept in

the poultry house. .



A factor which should be borne in mind

in figuring out the area of ventilating

fiucs required in any case is that the'

smaller the flue the greater the friction

encountered by the air in circulating

through them. Consequently the flue

should have a relatively greater area per

individual where ventilation is being sup-

plied to only a small. number of animals

than where the system is being installed

in a large stable. As before noted, there

me a great many other factors mentioned

by Prof. King in his recent work on ven-

tilation, which treats of the ventilation

of houses and public buildings as well as

of stables. The principles here given.

however, will answer a good many of the

questions which have been recently asked

by subscribers regarding this system of

ventilation, without which no barn or

stable can be considered strictly modern.





 





 





 





CARING FOR THE LAMBS.





 





As the time is at hand when the lambs

are arriving a few lines from an old sheep





raiser may do some good. It is not a 0

paying proposition to neglect, and thereby our

lose, VOL' a l.‘ . ‘ ‘ ' "



, n 1 mm, and, in geneial. them is _ _





very little necessity for such loss. I as-

sume that the sheep are in a fairly good

condition and have been fed some suc-





culcnt ration, as roots or silage, with corn~ .





stalks, clover hay and all the good out

or wheat straw they will consume. Such

a variety seems to be just what the sheep

nccd. \Vhen so fed. and having the run

of a good dry shed with plenty of water

they will be in good shape and usually

will go through the lambing period with

very little loss.



I have a flock of about 100 ewes and

have had that number for a good many

years, and seldom lose more than three to

five lambs a year. When lambing begins

the flock requires close attention night

and day.



The ewes that are about to lamb should

be put in a warm, dry, light room, a. few

days before lambing. In such a place the

lambs will not get chilled and will be up

and doing business in a few minutes. It

will sometimes happen that a lamb will

come unexpectedly during a. cold spell,

and become chilled. In such a case, put

it into a. tub of warm water for ten to

twenty minutes, wipe dry, and in nine

cases out of ten it will come out all right.





 





 

 





and disinfectant has become acknowl-

edged by stockmen and farmers the saf-

est, mamas! economical preparation

on the market. its effeclls wonderful.

Kills every disease germ — every in-

sect pest it touches almost instantly.

The best insurance you can get against

contagious disease. A positive

preventive at trifling cost.





   

   

   

   

 





 





 





We have just issued a valuable Stock

book containing many good things on

stock-raising. Send for a copy today

and also a. free sample of Hygeno A



Why take chances of losing valuable

stock when a few cents’ worth of

Hygeno A will avoid all risk? At

dealers—if not at yours, write to us.





The Hygeno Disinfectant Co.

132 Euclid Ave. Cleveland. Ohio





 

   

   

   

 

 





   





Vllth 1

Stewart Horse Clipping Machine





Farm horses need clipping. A heavy. sweaty cogtof



hair saps their energy and strength. Clipped horses



keep in beiler condition. work. sleep and look better

than unchpped horses. andare less liable to take cold.





The World’s Best gene Stewart No. l is the





st machine in the world



and is better suited to your needs than any other. For

it's made simple and works simple. There are no com-

plicated or delicate parts—as in other machines—so

that itwiil last. and give good service. for a lifetime.





Quick, Clean and Safe cupping ..





Anybody can clip horses with 3 Stewart. Can clip

, them better than the expert with '

‘ the old hand clippers. lt’siusta

case oiguiding the knife while the

crankis being turned.

The Stewart No. l is a Ball Bear-

ing machine with all working

partsinclosed. where they run in

an oil bath. Allgears are cut from

the solid steel bar and made file

hard. These four features are es-

sential to correct and easy clip-

ping. Look for these points in

every horse clipper; refuse the

machine that has not got them. '

80nd $2.00 OrdcraStewart No.

1 from yourlocal dealer. The price

complete is $7.50. Or send $2.00

with your order and we ship the

tgoinpleu: osutfié (g. 0. D. for

a once. en or c .

er today. W





W Old

Chicago Flexible Shaft Co.

I 15 La Selle Ave. Chlcuo





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   





’ \





 





lines will sometimes refuse to own their

lambs. This is quite an unusual occur-

rence, but when it happens try putting

n dog in the room with the ewe and lamb.

’l‘hc ewe will fight to defend the lamb,

and then she will “own it.” Sometimes,

where there are twins, the ewe will own

one of them, but not the other. Then

remove the one she will own, so it will be

out of her hearing, and leave her with the

other. She will generally “own" the little

one left with her in the course of a. few

minutes. Should she fail to Show the

maternal instinct, bring in the dog or cat.

put in the pen with her and the chances

are strong that she will own her lamb.

After an hour or so, put the other lamb

back with her, and she probably will own

both. Once in a while a cwc will persist

in disowning her young to such an extent

that it is ncccssury to put her in a crate.

This consists of some narrow boards

nailed together, to form a box large

clwug‘il to hold a. sheep, but not large

enough for her to turn around, leaving a

space for the lambs to suck. I have

never found this to fail, though I have

Solilclimcs had to keep the sheep in the

crate for two weeks.



Keep ticks off your lambs. If the Sheep

have ticks the lambs will get them, and

you can’t get good. thrifty lambs if these

parasites are allowed on them. If, unfor-

tunately, your flock has licks the best

you can do will be to dust your lambs

thoroughly with insect powder, which will

keep the ticks down until the weather

is warm enough to allow you to dip the

sheep and lambs. I dip my sheep, fall

and spring, and have no ticks.



Mecosta Co. A. VAN Ans'rmn.





FREE DEAFNESS TREATMENT.





 





A 1-: _ l





 





 

 

 

 

 

 





Steel Shingles last

a Lifetime-603i Less





An Edwards “Rec" Steel Shingle Roof al-

ways saves from four to five times its cost.

It outwears four wood shingle roofs and

costs less than one. Outwears six com.

position or tar roofs. It’s fireproof and re-

duces insurance rates from 10 to 20 per cent.





 





 





 





 





 





 





'\





Edwards “RED" Steel Shingles





La them yourself. No toning—no soldering.

Nee only hummer and nails. Comes in stamped

sheets of finest Bessemer Stochfi to 10 feet long,

covering width of 24 inches. Ither painted or

galvanized. Factory Prices—Freight Prepaid—

We are largest makers of iron and steel roofing and pay

the freight on all Steel Shingles; Plain, Corrugated.

V—Crimp Roofing: Imitation Brick Siding. etc. Write

for free catalog 350nnd ask about our

010,000 Guarantee Bond Against Lightning.





“THE EDWARDS MANUFACTURING CO. ‘

azo-uo Look smog. cmcmu'rl. omo





 





 

 

 





 





Death in lhe Stomach

, Worms Guaranteed.





We will send you 100 lbs. of DB.

IIOLLAND'S MEDICATKD STOCK

A I SALT On 60 dnys' trisi,freipht

prepaid. If you derive no benz-

tit, it costs you nothing; if you

do it costs you $5.00. Give us

your order at once.





 





 





 





The HOLLAND STOCK REIIDY

. COMPANY, Wellington. Ohio-





 





A successful institution makes this re.

max-kable offer to send free medicines to

prove their ability to cure Deafness, Head

Noises and Catarrh by a new method.

Address DrfBranaman Remedy Co., 1141

Walnut 'St., Kansas City, Mo.





 





.





   

 





AWll reset





Man Styles. Soldontrinlot

who scale prices. can so

an!“





 





‘‘‘‘‘‘ 7.

P33333361 raw

.vyvv'u‘ .‘:;::



li':":”:"¢”:":""l 1'1““? h“: dialogu'emwliimtod-y

:lll‘ll‘ll‘lr‘lntl‘ll‘l’ [y'u'u'o'ol KIT‘EW an“.

—— .--...-Box316 um.“





   

   





\
APRIL 2, 1910.





VYYYYYVYVYYVYYVVYYYVVVV’V





VETERINARY





 





“AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAALA





CONDUCTED BY DR. W. C. FAIR,

CLEVELAND, OHIO.





Advice thru this department is free to

our subscribers. Each communication

should state history and symptoms or the

case in full; also name and address of

writer. Initials only will be published.

Many queries are answered that apply to

the 'same ailments. If this column is

watched carefully you will probably find

the desired information in a reply that

has been .made to some one else.





Tender Neck and Shoulders—XVarts.—-

I have been a subscriber of the Michigan

Farmer for ten years and take a great

interest in the questions and answers in

the veterinary department. They have

been helpful to me and I would like to

ask how to treat horses that are troubled

with tender necks and shoulders, Bunches

appear very much like boils which sup-

purate and discharge. also some of my

colts are troubled with warts. G. M.,

Charlevoix, Mich—Horses that are in-

cli-ned to have tender shoulders should

wear a nice—fitting collar, the mane should

be clipped short where the collar rests

and both the neck and collar should be

kept as clean as possible. The necks and

shoulders should be wet with the following

solution two or three times a day: Dis—

solve 1,; lb. sugar of lead, 1,4 lb. sulphate

zinc and ‘2. ozs. of tannic acid in a gallon

of water and apply to shoulder of well

horses before commencing work, as well

as those that are working. Give 'each

horse that is inclined to have bolls 2

drs. of Donovans’ Solution of Arsenic at

a dose in feed two or three times a day.

They should also be fed some vegetables.

Warts should be cut off or apply acetic

acid once a day.



Eczema.—\Ve have a few sheep that

pull out their wool; they do not seem to

be sick but appear to take hold of some

wool and hang on until they succeed in

pulling it out. These sheep have been

kept in a warm stable all winter, but

have had exercise and fresh air. Our

neighbors’ sheep have been inclined to do

the same thing and for the past three

winters. R. P., New Haven, Micli.——I am

inclined to believe that your sheep have

been kept in too warm a stable and per-

haps fed too much stimulating food. Give

them equal parts bicarbonate soda, flow—

ers of sulphur and powdered charcoal, 1/2

teaspoonful is a full dose for a sheep and

the medicine should be given to them once

a day. Also dissolve 1:, lb. baking soda

in a gallon of water and Wet them. This

is best done by placing the sheep on its

back, pouring the liquid on belly and al-

lowing it to run over the skin. They

should be fed some vegetables and not too

much grain.



Ringworm.—I have a drove of young

cattle that appear to be affected with

ringworm, but I have been told that it

was a winter disease and that they would

get well just as soon as cold weather left.

Others tell me it is a blood trouble. J.

L. N., Casnovia, Mich—Ringworm is an

affection caused by a parasite derived

from the vegetable kingdom. It is called

ringworm on account of the peculiar man—

ner of its arrangement. The parasite is

a species of fungus, of minute size and

the disorder is undoubtedly contagious.

The vitality of the parasite is great for

they have been known to live for more

than six months and these parasites are

communicable, not only from one animal

to another, but from animals to man. The

most effectual remedy is tincture of iodine

or iodine ointment, but before it is ap-

plied the parts should be thoroughly

washed with soap and water and after

handling an animal a person's hands

should be thoroughly washed for fear of

becoming infected. One part sulphur and

four parts lard is a fairly good remedy,

but not nearly so effectual as prepara-

tions of iodine. In thin, run-down live

stock, it is no bad plan to give them a

tonic such as ground gentian, and sul-

phate of iron in their feed two or three

times a day.



Sore Tcats.—Several of my cows have

been troubled with sore teats; the only

part affected is the. end, which is real

sore, and I am obliged to use a milking

tube, which, of course, makes the teat

sore every time she is milked. As several

of my cows seem to be troubled with sore

teats I begin to believe it is a serious

ailment. My cows have good food, are

well bedded and the floor is made of cc-

ineiit. C, L. T., Deckerville, Mich—A sore

in end of teat is never easily healed, be-

cause at each-milking the sore is made

raw, therefore you must not expect too

much of a remedy. Burn sore with nitrate

of silver lightly three times a week and

apply equal parts of powdered alum, ox-

ide of zinc and boric acid twice a day.

When a milking tube is used be sure it is

clean, and when used on more than one

be extremely particular and avoid infect-

ing well cows. The milking tubes should

be either boiled or dipped in carbolic lotion

one to thirty of water.



Lympliangitis.——A mare that I bought

at the stock yards in Chicago stocks badly

in one leg. I gave her sweet spirits of

nitre, which acted on her kidnevs; also

a quart of raw linseed oil that purgeddier

in 30 hours, but her water remains thick

and her legs stocked. I. N., Cliarlevoix,

Mich—Apply iodine ointment to thigh

three times a week. Give one dr. iodide

potassium and one (if. salicylate of soda

at a dose in feed three times a day for a

week or 10 days,



Calf has Scours.—I have found much

helpful advice in the veterinary column

and now come to you for a remedy for

scours in young calves. At first their

bowels are Just right but soon begin to

run off. I also have a mare 14 years old

that 15 “Ct thriving; she had a sick spell

and our local Vet. treated her for colic

She eats fairly well but drinks very little

water- "I‘- H B.. Bad Axe, Micli.—VVlien

calves haVG SCOul‘S. remove the sick from

the well ones and disinfect the ‘pen or

s‘tall where the sick one was kept, then

you will prevent it spreading. Now, re-





Shear Your Sheep this Way





and get at least 20 cents worth more wool from each one. Take the fleece

off in one unbroken blanket and do not. cut or injure your sheep as with the

old hand shears. Do away, too, With tired, swollen wrists. You can do all





of these things and do them easy by using this





Stewart No. 8 Shearing Machine





The price,_all complete, as shown, including four



sets of shearing knives is only . .

This enclosed gear Stewart Shearing $ 9.75

=





Machine has had the largest sale



of any shearing trachine ever made.



The gears are all out (not cast), from



the solid steel bar, all file hard and



run in an oil bath. The shear is the famous Stewart

pattern, as used in all the large sheep countries of

the world.



We guarantee this machine to please you in every

way or it may be returned at our expense. Get

one from your dealer. or send $2. 00 and we will

ship C. O. D. for balance. Write for our 1910

free book on export shearing. Send today.





clllcllco FLEXIBLE SHAFT ca. 115 in salt. An. cllchco





 





 





 





 





Elkhart Buggies





are the best made. best grade and easiest riding

buggies on earth for the money.





. Piucc ‘

' FOR THIRTY-SEVEN YEARS $59_5_0





we have been selling direct and are

The Largest Manufacturers in the World





selling to the consumer exclusively.

We ship for examination and approval. guar-

anteeing safe delivery. and also to save you

money. If you are not satisfied as to style.

quality and price you are nothing out.

May We Send You Our

so Catalogue





Elldilirt Carriage & Harness Mfg. Co.

Elkliart, - - - - Indiana





Twin Auto-

Seot. Auto-

Top and Full

Brou Mounte





 





 





 





5O Imported Stallions 8: Mares





AT SPECIAL PRICES FOR 60 DAYS.





To make room for a new Importation, I will make special prices for those on hand. All young, sound

and highest class SHIRES, flue style and best of breeding. Ages 3 and 4 years. Weight 1775 to 1950.





Also WELSH MOUNTAIN PONIES 01" BEST TYPE. Write for particulars.





GEORGE E. BROWN, Aurora, Illinois.

Thirty-seven miles from Chlcngo by C., B. at Q. and L‘. «S: N. W.: also trolley trains every hour.





 





   





V' r



STOP YOUR LOSSES ' .3,

-



Millions of hogs and sheep die every year from intestinal and stomach

worms—causing the loss of millions of dollars. Your hogs and sheep

are no doubt affected. They will grow thin, sickly, runty, and will die un-

less you destroy the stomach worms. Don’t allow stomach worms and

intestinal parasities to stunt your stock and eat up your profits. Your animals

cannot thrive and fatten when infested with worms.





SAL





DEsma vs 31mm: on Wamws





intestinal worms, and prevents parasitic infection in hogs, sheep, cattle and horses. It aids



(11368??th keeps tltiefdfigestive organs lhealthy and is a. powerful tonic and blood builder.

an e amoun o ee your 3mm 3 eat, but the a '



”Ev: f‘atg-thriftyl aridfi/igorous. h mount they digest that makes them

a _- e not: on y (i s stomac and intestinal worms, but i



Intestines and gives healthy digestion. Animals freed from thceseg12351;;anit):I gaiglflzglinzig:





thrive.

Sal-Vet Is not an expense; every ounce you feed returns a big profit. It is such a powerful





aid to digestion that animals having access to it gain more w '



fang. lb't‘elcaijuse tlégy gait 3311 theedngitrition from their rationselzm' In less time. WM no m".

a - e is us an en ors y many of the lead' ‘ ‘ '



stock growers and breeders. mg experiment stations, prominent





READ WHAT THESE MEN SAY





"I have used "Sal-Vet” ever since its introdu -

thn, and find that it is the most perfect worm exteif- ' 1:000 Simon-4’0! on. 8'9”

' "We usually fi re on a loss clone to





minftfor 3n tshel r‘rria'rket tIo- ay.1d l 6

ea _“ a- e "' ‘as wou 38 is, an not as n th ‘ - '

food and it Will positively do all that you claim for it. befiiepfififfi’fizg 31:12: tigfififfi his; vise

ere lslnothing Within my knowedge 88 good had a sin le sick cheep. although we have

Ind rehab e or as cheap. It does expel all worms . fattened or the market during the winter

on u over a thousand head."





£35 in 'Iconditign to digest food."

. . o

"E- “amngv ”- J. w. F. rnoms & Son. Delphi. ind.





Soc. Amer. Hampshire Swine Record Association





SEND NO MONEY

WE PROVE BEFORE YOU PA v.





We know what "Sal-Vet” will do and in order to convince you of the truth of our claiml.

We Wlll send cnou§h of it to last all your stock 60 days: the coupon explains our offer. We

take all the risk. al—Vet costs one-twelfth of a cent a day to feed each sheep or hog; one-

01 a cent each for horses or cattle.

Prices: 49 lbs. $2.25; 100 lbs. $5.00: 200 lbs. $9.00; 800 lbs. $13.00; 500 lbs. $21.00.

Luger quantities at lower prices.

Begin the fight to save your stock TODAY. Send us the couWPNOW-





THE 8. R- FE’l “0., Dent. M".

OLEVELAND, OHIO





 

 

 

 





 





 

 





 





 





 

   





 





 

 





   

 





 

 

 





 

 

 

   

   

 

 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 





   

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

   

   

   

   

 





m 367 '





Influenza. Pinkeye. Epizootio Ship-





ping Fever and all diseases of head and



throat on horses. sheep and dogs in a lur-



prumgly Iliort time with that old reliable

GUARANTEED REMEDY





Gratis Distemper cure





Its cflcct and results are remarkable. 50 sure—

it is sold on a money back guarantee. We

prove its merit at our expense it it fails.

May be given to brood mares. stallions or

colts. Cures when all else iails. If

your dealer can't supply you don't —

take a substitute. send to us. Send

to: our 3 Free Horse Books.

Wells Medicine 00..

11 Third Street.

Lornyotte. Ind.





 





 





Will reduce inflamed, Iwollen Jointly

Bruisel, Solt Bunches. Cure Boill. Filo-

lull or any unhealthy core quickly:

pleasant to use; does not blister

under bandage or remove the hair,

and you can work the horse. $2 per

bottle at dealers or delivered.

Horse Book 7 D free.

ABSORBINE. JR , for mankind,

$1.00 per bottle. Reduces Varicose

Veins, Varicoccle, Hydrocele.

Goitre. Wens. Strains, Bruises.

.1 :;2;'—.‘.' stops Pain and inflammation.

W. E. YOUNG, P.ll.f.. 268 Temple Si..Sprlnglicld. Ian...





 





. positively cured in less

than 3 weeks with one ap-

plication of—





_ ADAM S

naplu LUMP-JAW curo





Easy method. little expense. no pain

or scars. Written guaranteewith each bottle. l

REMOV-ALL—"Beats ’Em All" for Sprains, .

_Curb, Bog Spavln, all lameness. Sold on ’

money-back guaranty. ,

Free—Treatise on curing animal diseases. -

Write for copy today. i

II. c. ADAMS MFG. co.

Dept. 39 . Algono. low-





 

 

 

 





 

 

   

 

 





 

   





   





 





 

   

 

 

   

   

 

   

   

   

 

 

 

 





S

5‘» 19""

v x‘»

00%

00 6‘9“ .

o ‘2.

\\

00 \49 «\Q‘

‘5.» x '

o (39‘ «396‘ .

' 0° 6“ -'

.9 r9 . .

at“ €' ‘ .

\ «.5 9 ..

¢\ &90. 3. - o

0’ *9 °'

893$. (90:, ' . . '.

a} ' a“

0,9" .9

69°“, . ‘ s“ .-

4"" I SW“. t" ' .-

‘xo 0 “d 9," ‘1“ as} ”w
i



L'

l»

..

{a





m Wr-mhmmfiv «runmq- .. -.‘.





u’vPr—fl’k" .





363, (8)





.garding treatment, give the sick calf a .





dosefof castor'eil; sweetoil or raw linseed-

oil,‘ also give laudanum, chalk or catechu,

or give powdered rhubarb. As the moth-

er's milk is laxative when she first comes

fresh your calves may be taking too much

of it; if ‘so, milkher partly before allow-

ing the calf to suck her and it may pre-

vent sCours in the calf. The bag of cow

should always be washed clean for if it

is- dirty and filthy it may be causing all

the sickness in the calf.



,Hip Lameness——Stifle Injury.——I have a.

three-year~old colt that swings hind leg

when traveling, but it does not appear to

hurt him much. I first noticed this pecti-

li‘arity in gait last fall, and I think per-

‘haps he is a little worse now than he has

ever been. I also have another three-

year—old filly that has a bunch on fore

part of hind leg close to body that has

been lame nearly a year: our local] Vet.

tells me that he has treated a similar case

successfully. However. before employing

him I would like to have your opinion.

H. T. 8., Howard City. Mich—Apply one

part turpentine. one part aqua ammonia

and four parts soap liniment to hip once

a day and apply one part red iodide mer—

cury and eight parts lard to stifle every

five or six days.



Sore Shoulder.—I have a horse that is

troubled with a sore shoulder. Some time

ago it was healed and now it is sore and

the hair is pretty much all shed out. I

have worked him in a collar and sweat

pad. but my harness maker tells me to

buy a. different kind of collar. The kind

he recommends has proven satisfactory

to my neighbors. H. I... Imlay City.

Mich.——I know of no better investment for

a team owner to make than to buy a good

fitting collar for each work horse; also

apply the following lotion: Acetate of

lead 6 ozs.. water 1 gal. These applica-

tions should be made five or six times a

dlay. The sweat pads should be kept

u can.



Hock Lameness.—M_v 7—year-old mare

is lame, the result of a wound on hock

joint caused by a kick. It opens up OC-

easionally and discharges. I have poul—

ticcd with tlaxseed. but this has brought

no relief. Our Vet. thought the joint.

was inflamed. “'ill exercise hurt her?

H. K.. Traverse City, Mich—Apply equal

parts horie acid and tannic acid to open-

in: if it discharges. and if not discharging

apply iodine ointment daily.



\Vliistlr-iz—J have a 5—year-old horse

that has just recently recovered front a.

bad case of distemper. which has left him

a whistler. lie is so bad that you can

hear him '1‘) rods distant. \V'hat do you

(liltiSt'? (‘. .\.. invosso, Michirlf tho

\‘Ht'.’ll cords are removed your horse, Will

perhaps make less noise when he breathes.

Drugs do not. ,2in :ood results in the





treatment oi‘ this ailment.



.. Ezct-ma.»l hate a cow that is rubbing

the hair off lli'l‘ not-it and head: besides.

the hair appears to he rotln-r loose.

have examined lii'l‘ for live. but I fail to

find any. i). L. l‘.. linrrisan. Mich.» Give

1 oz. lllt‘fll'lltillilii" soda and 2 ozs. Glau-

ber‘s salts at :1 dose in food twice a day

for a \‘Vi‘t'k then give the medicine once

a day. Dissolve ii ozs. hak'ng soda in :1





gallon of water and \vet itchy spots twice

:1, day.





 





I‘dminifirntors Sale





27 Percheron

HORSES





T n Go Under the Hammer.





,The entire herd of registered Perch-

eron horses of the late Henry C. Wal-

dron, (Elmwood Stock Farm) North-

field, will be sold at Public Auction,





APRIL 6, 1910, at 10 A. M.





at the E. P. Cook Livery Barn, Ann

Arbor, rain or shine. The offering

comprises the following:

: Tho O-yoar-old imported scallion, “Brilliant

Fourth"( 47531) t6 I 7771 ).

I 4 Brood Mares. from 3 lo 7 years old. in

loci by Brilliant.

' 4 lwo-yonr-old Stallions.

2 two-year-old Fillies.

4 yearling Stallions.

2 yearling Fillies.

Six months time on approved bank-

able paper.

MRS. A. M. WALDRON, Administratrix.

J. W. FlNNELL, Auctioneer.

For SaI6‘3°§831t§,fi‘i‘§.§§‘iil°t§.°.f;'32%:





exchanged. Southwest Michigan Pedigreed Stock

Association. R. E. Jennings. Sec.. Paw Paw. Mich.





BkllllllElS’ llllllC'l‘illI.

CATTLE.





 





 





 





 





 





 





llagisimd Aberdeen Angus Bull 33363332,:

Inquire of F.J.WILBEE. Clio. Mich.. Route 1,





- Berkshire swine. mg for

lyrshm Bil“ Calves. setting. High bred flock.

White & Buff Orpingtons. White & Barred Rocks.

Light Brahmas. White Leghorna and White Wynn-

doneg .1 per 15. Mich. School for the Deaf. Flint.





ABERDEEN-ANGUS.





Herd headed by UNDULATA BLACKBIRD

[TO 83836. one of the beat Soul of PRINCE [TO

50006. and Grand Champion Bull at the Detroit

and Grand Rapids Fair: of 1907. 1908 and 1909. Herd

consists of Eric“, Blackbirda. Pridea. e





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





\9 .1,

. , x2

//’/





. %% 9/34 .1? f , ‘





only interested in results.





results.

made can.





twine. write direct to





.“_ _ ...__§<\





twine question. _

vest will depend on the uninterrupted work of your binder.

cheap grade of binder twine.



It. is our aim to have every fa

without a break in the field. We have muc

and ours are the same. .



We know that the raw materials from which I H C twines are spun have the quantity and quality

of fibre that insure greater strength than is found in any other twine. They are evenly spun—smooth



ox—work well in the knotter, insuring perfect





running—do not tangle in the twine b _ . . _

ble to work your binder through the entire harvest season With





perfect tying. They insure your being a _

greatest speed and economy and are therefore practical profit insurance.



Those who buy cheap twine will certainly have troubl

will mean the loss of valuable time-and every delay at harvest time will cut down your profits.



There is a sure way to avoid this.

The verdict of the majority of the farmers of this country is a

weight with you than the statement of any twine manufacturer. These farmers know. They have the same





problems confronting them that you have. They have no axe to grind. They do not sell twine. They are





high grade Manila bearing the I H C trade-mark”

ard of excellence in binder twine.



But we don‘t ask you to do as we say. “To want you to be the judge. . _

facts—not on the statement of any twine man. And the fact is—that the majority of the farmers of this country use I H C twine.

Sisal or Standard (which is made from pure Sisal) comes 500 feet to the porind: high grade . anila. 600 feet to the pound: Pure

Manila. 650 feet. See your Local I H C dealer at once and let him know how muc





‘





1 ’ APRIL 2. 19:10..





or





     





‘Mniomnmrnnnnnsnr





YOUR GUIDE 1N BUYING





HE time has come to order your binder twine for the 1910 harvest. Twine dealers are placing

orders for their season’s stock. The mills are running. Now is the time for you to decide the



It is something that' requires careful consideration. The success of your har-

for no binder can wbrk well if you use a.





rmer who uses I H C twine go through the 1910 harvest , season

h more at stake than merely selling twine.





Your interests





inding and





e—delays due to tangles, knots and breaks





Let the experience of the past be your guide in purchasing our twine.

safe guide. Their decision shoul have more





I H C Brand of Sisal—Standard Sisal





Manila or Pure Manila





Are the twines used by the majority of the farmers of this country.

Eighty-five to 90 per cent of the farmers use Sisal. _

without kinking or tangling in the twine box—insuring perfect binding and perfect tying. Its only equal ts the

really high grade Manila twines such as bear the I H C trade-mark.



Your interests and ours are identical on this twine proposition. _

We are vitally interested in the successful operation of hundreds of thousands of binders. On their successful

operation depends our success-and we know they





(Incorporated)





r iii





[Gilli FUR Till I. H, 1.“.





cannot operate successfully with poor twine.

For this reason we have given the twme problem careful study. When we say “Stick to Sisal or

——we do so because we know them to be the highest stand-





. ///" ,_______1__





They have been proved to give the best





It is smooth running and works at steady tension





We have more at stake than selling twine.





No binder





But your judgment to be right should be based on





b you will need. If you want more facts on binder





International Harvester Company of America Chicago U S A





H-CHLINE.





Jill”. Will. ll IS I Sill ill [XCitthEl Alill A tillliiililtlfllt I)Uitill





 





 





 





FOR SALE—Registered Guernsey

Bull Calf. six months



old. GEO. D. EGGLESTON. Parmn. Mich.

' Breeders and Importers of high



"in“ MS. Farm class Guernseyn. Write us your

wants. E. a J. T. MILLER. Birmingham. Mich.





 





 





LlLLlE FARMSTEAD JERSEYS





We have some splendid young bulls for sale. Some

of them are old enough for service. They are from

cows with records of 300 to 425 pounds of butter inst

year. Write forldeacriptlon and prices.



COLON C. LILLIE. Cooper-ville. Mlch.





 





' —Bull calves for sale from A.

HOIStelns R. O.dama. at $25 to 350 each.

R. COLLIER. R. F. D. 5. Fowlervllle. Mich.





Register of Merit Jerseys. ”.23. 57“”

'1‘. F. MARSTON. Buy Clty. Michigan.





 





nulnnm stock will. I Holstein cattle.





JACKSON. MI

Has more Imported Holstein-Frie-iun Cow-

than any farm in tho Middle West. Registered

BULL CALV E8 of the moat luhioncble breeding.





FOR SALE—Young herd of Holstein

heifers. 7 yearling bulls, 8



calves—the oldest established herd in Ind.



W. C. JACKSON. 715 Rex St. South Bend. Ind.





TOP NOTCH HOLSTEIN S.





Top Notch registered young Holstein Bulls com-

bining in themselves the blood of cows which now

hold and have in the put held World's Records for

milk and butter-fat at fnir prices.



McPHERSON FARMS 00.. Howell. Mich.





HOLSTEIII FiiIESIAIS”EJ‘.13.°:'Z;“‘C.§:£§

Mercedes Royal King. W. B. J ones. Oak Grove.Mich._





OLSTEIN-FRIESIAN HERD BOOKS Wanted.

particularly Vol. 13. AlsoVols. l, 2 d: 4 of the Blue

Book. What have you to offer? Box 7. Eden. Mich.





HE HOLSTEIN BULL Almeda. Paul De Kol No

44206, is for sale. Hi: sire is a grandson o

Alta Peach 27.2 lbs. butter. and his dam Almeda

Concordia De Kol. 21.091bo. butter in 7 days in grand

dnughkr of Salli-vale Concordia 30.10 “M. butter in 7 dun.

Bull cclvu Iran A. It. 0. damn. L. E. Council, Fnyotto, Ohio.





BULL cum 1

H O LST El N bent ummea '3? Tim:





brood. C. D. WOODBURY. Lansing. Michigan,





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





— th

H EREFORDS: «’33 ..i§."'.i:.‘§.’.i::§!

Chin: hogs. R. E. ALLEN. Pow Pow. Mich.





JERSEY BULL CALF born May 12. '09. Dam

gave 10.9501ba. milk. In.“ your test 51. Site's Dam’a

record 10.060 lbs. In 10% months. will 6.2g. THE

MURRAY-WATEBMAN 00.. B. 6. Ann Arbor. Mich





 





BIDWELL STOCK FARM.





FOR SALE-JO Reg. Shorthorn Bulls.





All good. reds and mans. from 12 to 24 months old.

from the belt of breeding at 075 to 8125 each. Some of

them Scotch and Scotch-topped. of the herd heading

type. Also. young cows and heifers. all ages. Fifty

head in hard. Farm—'I‘wo blocks from Lake Shore

Station. L. I. BIDWELL. Tecumseh. Michigan.





 





D AIR BBEDSHOBTHORNS—No stock

for sale at present. Visitors

welcome. J. B. HUMMEL. Mason. Mich.





 





Cows and Heifers in calf. Also bulls

Shorthorn and bull calves. Milk and butter

strains. Prices low. ROBERT NEVE. Pierson. Mich.





sump.

Oxfo rd - Down 3 h eep “33.1.3293“





cattle for sale. A. D. &J. A. DEGARMO. Muir. Mich





PARSONS OXFORDDOWIS





also registered Hornlesa National Delalnea and Black

top delaines. Romeyn 0. Parsons, Grand Ledge.Mich





OXFORD DOWNS fieiixmfi‘m





sale. H. J. De GABMO. B. No.1. Clyde. Mich.





OCKLAHD FARM DEllAlNES—A few ewes

bred to choice rum for the 1910 trade. Prion

right. D. E. TURNER & SONS. Moshervllle. Mich.





HBOPSHIIIE IIALI. STOCK Flllll





Will import one hundred yearling ewes and 15 rnma

in June for Mlchlgnn and the some for Boise. Idaho.

Branch of this Form. Will make n fair price on

yesrling ewes or “me. also on some aged ewes with

lambs at line. for 60 dayl.



L. S. DURHAM OWNS. Concord. Michigan.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Northern Grown Jane 3.

ROYCROF'I‘ FARM. Sidnnw. Mic .





BUTTER BRED "garage

CRYSTAL SPRING STOCK FARM.

Silver Creek. Allocan County. Mloblann.





rm :1. Lambert 1mm gamma”? “sit;

CLARENCE BRISTOL. Fenton. Mich. R.F.D.No. 5.





Jersey Bulls, (lows and Heifers





Island and St. Lambert breeding. Also some

choice grade heifers.





DUROC JERSEY SOWS





Choice individuals nnd popular blood lines. Inspec-

tion invited. Full information cheerfully furnished.

If you cannot visit our farm at once write





anooann FARM. Ann Arbor. mob."





 





 





 





 





tc.

WOODCOTE STOCK FARM. Ionla. Mich.





A. W. MUMFORD. Humor.





1 30 Reg. Bombolllct lwel for sale. descended

. from the bent flock. and bred to I pure Van

Homeyer and a. run Ind by I Gilbert nm and Im-

ported dam. All in perfect halth. In lots insult buy



ens—none reserved. J. Q. A. Cook. Morrice. Mich.





BERKSHIRES Unexcelled in breeding. Selected

boars. cows and slim. Choice fall

pigs. T. V. HICKS. R. No. 11._Bnttla Creek.',Mlch.



OB SALE—BERKSHIRES—Two choice Sept.





boar pigs. and a few fall gilts. sired by Handsome

Prince. A. A. PATTULLO, Decker-ville. Mich





t

B E R KSH l R ES °...§.‘:§..-:“§f§

typo andstrains. C. S. BARTLETT. Pontiac. Mich.





NORTHERN GROWN BEBKSHIBES.





ROYCRO F'l‘ FARNI. Sldnuw. Nlloh.





Pllll‘lTAll HERD ol CHESTER VlI'IITES





The peer of any in America. Spring pig's (or sale.

WILL W. FISHER. Watorvllet. ichlann.





 





 





 





 





 





—Bred sows all acid. A



Improved ChOSters few young boar. ready

for service. Orders taken for spring furrow.



W. 0. WILSON. Okemos. Mich. (Both Phones).





ADAMS BROS. Improved Cheater Whites. Litch-

iield. Mich. won 125 premiums In '09. Booking

orders for bred aowubonrn ready for service. But! Bock,'W.

OrpingtonJV. Leghorn cock'll. Shorlhom bulls ready for service





——Fa.ll pigs of either sex for sale.

puree Jerseys also Buff Cochin chickens and

eggs. M. A. BRAY. Okemon. (Ingham Co.) Mich.



CAREY U. EDMONDS. Ila-tings. Mich.

DUROC-JERS EYS—ao bred and open sows. plenly





of growth and quality. Bonn ready for service.

Prices;right. Write J. C. Barney. Goldwater. Mich.





MULE F OOTED HOG57..‘.“:§£7





Largest hard in the'U. S. Five big herd Boats.

JOHN H. DUNLAP. Williamaport. Ohio





0. l. C. bred soivs all sold. fi‘g‘fiu‘tfin"

hind. GEORGE. P. ANDREWS. Danavllle. Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





O I c REGISTERED PIGS. 10 to 12

0 0 . ' weeks from World’s Fair winnerl.

Glenwood Stock Farm. Zeeiand, Mich. Phone 94.





 





o l C -A low bred sows. Orders booked for

- 0. ' spring pin from very choice stock. pairs

not skin. 8. J. COWAN. Rockford, Mlchlgnn





—Orders booked for aprin i

0° '0 CO from State Fair winners. g pgs





C. J. THOMPSON. Rockford. Mich.





 





 





 





HOG





[ARGE ENGLISH llEHKSHIBES.





Hove a (inc lot of spring pigs. both sexes. The type

for produble pork production. Vigorous and strong

and of best blood linel. Sltiulnction gununteed.





1-". A. nrwnm. Memphis. lich.

HUPP FARM BERKSHIRES!





WON 189 PRIZES IN 1909.



Stock of both sexes and all ages for sale. Breeders

of Guernsey Cattle. M. B. Turk. . Barred Rock

Chlckens.Pekln Ducks. GEO. . EUPP. Mgm

ancrA Birmingham Michigan.





 





 





 





30 P 0 Fl. Pl s—by two champion boon. Book-

. o 8 ’ng orders for weaned pigs by

10 different boars. WM. WAFFLE. Coldwnter. Mich.





. . - POLAND CHINAB. J

Prize Wmmng Pekin Ducks. Embasxlpageegg

and Butt Turkeys. Zach Klnne. Three Oaka. Mich.

' —Booking order: for a 11

PGLANll-CIIINAS p... 1...... P “8





else to f! .

WOOD dz SONS. Sn 0. Might"





WEE Ill'llillEll TOflSHIBElfwfimrmg‘;





 





tho most economical feeders 0 hi

sows to n Yorkshire boar. elf-nflé’rm ’53:;

to be the macawpulai breed of the future.





 





N C. ILLIE. Cooper-wine. Inch.





aex.ench. Satisfaction gununteod. I! you mut-
APR-IL 2, 1910.





, THE DAIRY





AAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAIAA





CONDUCTED BY COLON C. LILLIE.





 





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‘1





p

p

y

y





 





 





 





THE BALANCED RATION.





 





It is difficult for some people, it seems,

to understand the philosophy of the bal-

anced ration, yet it would seem to be

a very simple problem. For instance,

corn silage and clover hay make an ex-

cellent food foundation for the dairy cow.

We want to grow clover on our farms

because clover in a rotation of crops im-

proves the mechanical condition of the

soil. Clover also gets some free nitrogen

from the atmosphere with bacteria in the

soil on its roots. And clover is a splendid

cow feed if it is cut early and well cured.

It is very palatable and cows like it. Be-

sides, it conforms to the theory of the

balanced ration. That is, that a cow

should have the protein, or muscle form-

ing elements and the carbohydrates, or

heat and energy forming elements. of the

food in a certain proportion, about one

pound of protein to six and a half or

seven pounds of carbohydrates.



We want corn silage. \Ve can grow

more tons of feed to the acre with the

Indian corn plant than any other knoWn

plant in this climate. .Then we want it

in the form of corn silage because we

want a succulent food in ration. All

practical feeders know from experience

that you can get better results out of

feeding if you have a succulent food in

the ration than you can if the ration is

all dry food. .The succulency seems to

have a beneficial effect upon the digestive

apparatus causing a greater secretion of





THE MICHIGA





help balance this food. Now, this is the





theory Of a balanced ration. It means an

economical ration. It dOesn't mean that

the cows won’t give a good flow of milk,

if you don't balance the ration, but it

means that the dairyman cannot afford to

feed an unbalanced ration from the stand-

point of economy. ‘



One man will say that he feeds corn

meal with the corn silage and clover hay

and his covvs do well, give a good flow of

milk. “'9 will admit this. The animal

economy has the power of consuming

more carbohydrates than they need with-

out apparcnt injury to the animal. If you

feed corn meal with corn silage and

clover hay, the. animal eats sufficient of

the ration to get enough protein to pro—

duce a given amount of milk. But now,

in doing that, she eats carbohydrates to

excess, which, if they do not need, cer-

tainly are a waste. because you get no

good from them. But by feeding pea

meal or oil meal in the place of corn meal

you don‘t have to have as much clover

hay, nor as much corn silage, nor as

much oil meal to get the same results,

because the ration is consumed with less

waste. In eating a sufficient amount of

this ration to get the desired amount of

protein. only just the right amount of

corbohydrates is consumed. Consequently

you have economical digestion and assimi-

lation. That is, the ration is consumed

without any loss.



Take a herd of cows and feed them a

well-balanced ration, that is, one contain-

ing the protein and the carbohydrates in

the ration in about the right proportion,

and then attempt to run hogs after these

cows. You will find out that the hogs

will starve to death, because there is very

little matter passes through the cow that





 





A 14-year-old Oceana 00w that





the digestive fluids in the alimentary

canal, consequently a more perfect di-

gestion and assimilation of the dry mat-

ter in the food. There are other reasons

why we should have corn silage which it

is not necessary to mention.



But corn silage is not well balanced so

far as the food nutrients are concerned.

It contains one pound of protein to about

twelve pounds of carbohydrates. In other

words, it is too wide. If clover hay was

not so bulky, it would be a model ration

for the dairy cow, containing the digestive

nutrients in just about the right propor-





tions, but it is so bulky that a cow can!





not consume enough food nutrients to do

‘her best. But corn silage would not be

a good food fed alone because it is un-





balanced, or has too wide a nutritive

ratio, that is, there is too much carbo—

hydrates in proportion to the protein.





Besides, this food is also too bulky. A

cow does not have capacity to consume

enough of it to get food sufficient to do

her best.



Now the theory of a balanced ration is

that we must have a concentrated food

here because these two foods are too

bulky, and since clover 'hay contains just

about the right proportions of the food

nutrients, and corn silage is too wide a.

ration, then the concentrated foods should

be one enough richer in protein than

clover hay to balance the corn silage.

Now, we cannot balance this ration of

corn silage and clover hay with corn meal,

or ground oats, or ground rye, because

they are no richer in protein nor as rich

as the clover hay. To get a well-balanced

ration, one that is practically all con-

sumed without waste, we must put in

some food like oil meal, or wheat bran,

or gluten feed, that is richer in protein

than clover hay. Or, if we :wish to grow

this upon our own farms, we can use pea

meal, or oats and peas grown together,

which contains a good per cent of peas

because the peas are rich in protein and





Produc





ed Butter at 11.80 per lb.





is not digested and assimilated. On the

other hand. if you feed cows timothy hay

and corn Silage and corn meal for a ra-

tion you will find that hogs can live well,

a goodly number of them can follow the

cows, because the cows have to eat so

much of the timothy hay and corn silage

and corn meal to get what protein they

need that a large amount of the carbohy-

drates are consumed in excess and are

undigested and pass through the animal

as undigested matter. Now, these carbo-

hydrates that are unassimilated by the

cows contain a large amount of starch

and sugar. carbohydrates, which is good

food for the hogs, and if a man feeds an

unbalanced ration and persists in doing





this. then he certainly ought to have hogs;

or "





follow his cows or fattening steers,

whatever stock he is feeding. On the

other hand, if he will use his lead pencil

and figure out the ration, getting some





where near a balanced one. there will be‘





very little of the food that passes through

the animal that is undigested and unas‘

similated, consequently hogs can receive

little or no benefit by following them.

Hence, when a man tells you that he

gets good results from his cows by feed-

ing an unbalanced ration, and says there-

fore that hc doesn’t believe in this theory,

it simply shows that his cows have the

constitution to consume enough of this

unbalanced ration to get the desired

amount of protein, or the desired amount

of carbohydrates, because a ration might

be too rich in protein, but it does not

prove that this ration is economical and

he is making money by feeding an ex-

travagant raton. Now the work of the

Co-operatve Cow Testing Associations

show a man just exactly what he is do-

ing. When you feed cows a certain amount

of food and you get certain results, you

begin to figure. If you are feeding an

extravagant ration it figures unprofitably.

Then you will begin to figure on a bal-

anced ration, to cut out some of the car-





 





N PARMER. m 369





' REASONS FOR BUYING A





DE LAVAL





CREAM





SEPARATUR





 





Every owner of a milcli cow and every user of other than

an lmproved De Laval Cream Separator is interested in the

reasons why all the big and long experienced users of sepa-

rators and all thc Experiment Station and other competent

authorities endorse Dc Laval separators and the great

majority of all buyers purchase them.



Dc Laval separators save enough over any gravity cream-

ing of milk, in butter—fat, quality of cream, sweet skimmilk,

labor, time and trouble to pay for themselves every six

months. -



De Laval separators save enough over other separators, in

closer separation, running: heavier and smoother cream, skim-

ming cool milk, greater capacity, casicr cleaning, easier run-

ning and less repairs, to pay for themselves every year.



Improved De Laval separators save enough over De Laval

machines of five, ten, fifteen and twenty years ago, in more

absolutely thorough separation under all conditions. greater

capacity, easier running, and all around betterment to pay

for themselves every two years.



De Laval separators are made in cvcry size. for from one

cow to one thousand, at proportionate prices. Made to run by

hand, steam turbine or any other kind of power. Made with

the world’s best knowlcde'c of cream separator construction,

with thirty-two years of experience in the building of more

than a million machines, and under the protection of important

patents preventing use by others.



De Laval separators are not only superior to all others in

every way but actually cheapest in proportion to actual capac—

ity, and they last for twcnty years, while the average life

of inferior machines is from six months to five years, accord—

ing to the grade. They are sold for cash or on such liberal

terms as to actually pay for themselves.





These are all facts, capable of proof and demonstration to

anyone, who needs but to seek the nearest De Laval agent or

communicate with the Company directly, and is urgently

invited to do so.





 





 





 





 





THE DE LAVAL SEPARATOR 00.





165-167 BROADWAY 42 E. MADISON STREET DRI'MM & SACRAMENTO s'rs





 





_ NEW YORK CHICAGO SAN FRANCISCO

178.177 WILLIAM STREET 14 «it 16 PRINCESS STREET 1018 WESTERN Avmvmm

MONTREAL WINNIPEG 111:





 





‘. st -‘ »
h

l

l





 





   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   





he?“ ' «





NEVER

m RO OF] NO

Congo n Amour Fertilizer Works.

Buses Vista. Va.



ACE roll of Congo not only

carries along necessary

galvanized caps, cement, etc.,



to lay it properly, but also a gen-

uine Guarantee Bond. This Bond

guarantees 2 or 3—ply Congo ab-

solutely for 10 years”. It is clear.

cut and comprehensive. It amply



rotects the user, and were not



ongo the most thoroughly 00d

and reliable ready-roofing 0 its

class, always dependable, always

pliable—no matter where used,—

we couldn’t afford to do this.



It is a. distinct step forward in

the roofing business. We not

only tell you Con 0 will last ten

years, but we bac it up with a

Surety Bond.



WhenbuyingRoofing,get Con o,

and you will not make a mista e,

or have any regrets—you are

buying certain protection.



_ Samples and copy of the Bond

for the asking.





UNITED ROWING & MFG. C0.





535 West End Trust Bldg. Philadelphia, Pa.

Chicago. San Francisco.





 

 





 





"SAVE-THEHORSESDAV m Cum.





   





Don’t forget, Mr. Man, no matter whit axis-lease is.

on investment in “ Save- The Jim-so” means:





 





You simply cannot lose if you go at it right.

OUR CONTRACT PROTECTS YOU.

Smon& Son. Tailors. Richmond. “1.. Nov. 20. 1909.

T30! Cnsuxcu. Co., Bingliamimi, N. Y. : l used “Save-The~

Horse" as you directed on the place where the horse was

kicked and he recovered entirely from lameness. A week after-

ward he went lame in hind leg. and he was very lame. I had a

doctor examine him and he said he had a blind jack. As I had

some "Save-Tho-Hm-se " left he advised me to use it, which I

did, and he is perfectly sound. This jack came on the leg that

was sound. for. if you remember. he had a bone spavin on the

other leg some time ago. I have had tough luck with this horse,

but your remedy has always given him a cure. I thank you for

your kindness. always willing to give advice. and I shall always

recommend "Save-The-Horse ” highly. NATHAN SIMON.

. Norwny, Me., Oct. 19. 1909.

, TROY Carmen. Co., Bingbamton, N. Y. : I have a horse. etc.

I have faith that " Save~'l‘ho-liorso " will do as you say. because

I have seen four curbs, one bog s arin, and one enlarged ten-

don cured by it for other people. lease let me hear from you

regarding my horse. Very resp.. A. fl. STAPLES. D. D 5..

s 00 a bottle. with signed guarantee or contract. Send for

. copy. booklet and letters from business men and

trainers on every kind of case. Permanently cures Spsvin,

’I‘horonghpln, Ill-shone (except low). Curl). Splint, Capped

liosk.Windpuii, Shoe Boll, Injured ’I‘endons & sll Lameness. N0

scar or loss of hair. Horse works as usual. [)20/(VJ‘ or I:‘.r;).pm‘d.

TROY CHEMICAL CO. 20, Commercial Ave" Binghsmton. NJ‘





 





mm - Mrymen,‘i‘sks shook at

u. the Strife Governor Pulley

It's the original and ”only

thing" for driving cream

separators with gasoline

engines. Once tried always

, used. TRY ONE. Ask

, yo u 1- dealer fora "STRITE"

or write us direct. Don't

take an imitation.

Btrite Governor

. _Pnfley to.

m. 30.! 80. Third St.

T31- " Minneapolis. Minn.





u' n 1

Winning“





E L E 0 TR 1 0

Steel Wheels





for our wagon. Use your ski run-

ning’ gears—our steel wheels Will fit

them and make 'our wagon good as

7 i new. Send for rec once 0‘ of solid

. metal wheels (sizes to in all axles)

that cannot swell. dry span or rot.

Makes new wagon out ofyour old

one. Write for the book now to





meme wuss; co. was. one". lu-





IIAKE MONEY

for FARMERS





It is easy to make lumber for

yourself and nci hbors With an

AMERICAN mi 1. All 51285.

Work rapidly with Iightpower.

No experience needed. Get

Free Catalogue and Low Prices.

Amorlcsn Saw lilll Mach'y Co.

I 28 lope St..llmstsiow NJ.

1569.1‘erminal Bldgs., New ork





 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





For Salo-llahulli Machinery





20 h. Pitts traction engine; 18 h. Huber: 18 h. Peer

less: 18 1:. Westinghouse: 16 1). Robinson: 16 h:

Huber: is b.1flchola & Shepard: 1: h. Huber: '10 h.

Nichols a Shepard: 33x50 Peerless throsber; 28x48.

Belle City: 14x18 Geo. Ertei horse power hay press.

17:22 Ann ArborIBte‘lt passer-Hand many others.

Write us for donor on an ce.

THE BAl‘rTING MXCHINB 60..





114418 Superior B.t. Toledo. Ohio.





MLVES:AISE WMWI'EOUT MILK

ATE or our he returned





J. I- Mha 00.. Inches. II."



Five practical. useful booklets concernin the ob-



taining, financingand selling of patents. sni Fm.

Wziic Index. “mums-ha. Dam. is.





 





 





". sums “6801.1;





 





THE MICHIGAN: PARMBR.





, ,bohydrates by. cutting out some of the

‘ corn meal, or ground cats, or ground rye





out of the ration and substituting in its

place a food rich in protein; The conse-

quence is that a. cow will not eat so much

of the entire ration and you will get‘just

the same results, simply because you feed

a ration that can be digested and assimi-

lated more completely by the animals you

are feeding.





 





 





PROGRESS IN OCEANA COUNTY.





 





Oceana county used to stand upon a.

tripod of peaches, plums and potatoes.

The big freeze of ’99 and a scourge of

yellows destroyed many an orchard. The

price of plums fell below the cost of pro-

duction and a lot of trees were taken out,



The planting of large areas of potatoes

year after year with too little apprecia-

tion of the value of organic matter in the

soil led to lighter yields, and finally to

less acreage. But in our extremity came

the inevitable “promoter" with his cream-

ery proposition. The creamery cost too

much, of Course, but it has been a great

educator and it is here to stay. There

are three creameries and a skimming sta-

tion now in the southwestern part of this

county and all are liberally patronized.



W'ith the advent of the old cow, better

days are coming to us.



We have one of the host locations for

fruit in the United States. Orchards are





 





the.old cow.



6, and is a very promising little animal.

The testing of these cows has created



considerable interest in this section along





the line of good dairy performance and a:





cow testing association may be organized

in the near future, ‘

Oceana CO.





THE MODEL COW STALL.





W. F. TAYLOR.





 





 





The illustration herewith. is from a cut

issued by the Wisconsin Experiment Sta-

tion in which state the “Model Cow

Stall,” so popular in Michigan, originated.

The dairyman contemplating a new stable

will readily understand the principle of

the stall from the out. It is so construct-

ed as to force the cow to stand with her

hind feet between a movable cross-bar

and the guttcr, so that the stall is not

fouled. The bar and the chain fastening

compel her to step forward when she

wants to lie down, so that she is kept

clean. The position in which the hay

rack is hung, too, makes it necessary

for the cow to stand back While eating.

Hay is put into the rack from the front,

and the door through which grain and

water are given opens upward. A fea-

ture of the stall which is well worth the

cost of construction is the erection of the

partitions in a manner that makes it

practically impossible for a cow to step

upon the udder or teat of the one lying





The Model Cow Stall as Recommended by the Wisconsin Experiment Station.





very generally being replanted. A large

acreage of small fruits will be planted in

the spring, two canning factories will be





crcctcd and while we may never again

plum so larsrc an acreage of potatoes,

thanks to the increasing number of dair-

ies the yield per acre bids fair to be

much greater than in former years.

(‘ompurath'cly little interest has bccn

shown thus far in piii'c—llrm] ruffle. But

a few years ago Mr. (‘. A. Pratt camc to

this country from \K'isconSin, inoculated

Wllll the bacterial so common in that

great dairy stoic. Lust week lWU of his

cows were icsied for advance-(l registmv

tion—one 14 years of age and the other





her calf, a little more than two years old.



The old cow made 14 lbs, 6 uzs. of bui-

ter—fat in chcn days. and llli‘ licifcr made

9 lbs. 7 029. The old row made 560 lbs.

of butter last year. The heifer vealed

her calf and produced $41 worth of but—

ter—fat before she was two years old.



She has now hccn giving milk a little

more than five months. The butter made

by her during the test cost a trifle over

13c per lb. That made by the old cow

cost 11.80 per lb. These figures have been

beaten many times but the feed has been

less expensive and the ages of the cows

more favorable to good dairy performance.

The 14 year old cow or the 2 year old

heifer that will take feed at the present

high prices and convert it into butter at

from 12 to 14 cents per lb. is a good dairy

machine and the fact that we have a. few

such cows in our midst should encourage

us all to more care and eflort in the build-

ing up of our herds.





 





1

PM swims! mm. Mischa. If. J ‘~





The calf, standing-bribe heifer. is from





next her. The wooden mat over the con-

crete floor is removable, for cleansing

purposes. Vl'here it seems desirable, the





manger may be of concrete like the floor,

and where new stalls are under construc—

tion the mangers and floor should be

made at the same time, as they will thus

be more durable than when made sep—

arately. Any man who is handy with the

ordinary carpenter tools can go ahead

and construct these stalls. The increased

comfort, cleanliness, convenience, cheap—

ness and security gained through the use

of a good stall will soon justify the ex~

pcnse in the improved product from the

animals.





 





PRECAUTIONS ABOUT HANDLING

MILK.





 





A dairymzm having an abundance of ice

to keep his milk and cream at a low tem-

perature, can get along with less care

and attention to eliminating bacteria and

dirt from the milk than can he who is not

supplied with a filled ice house. But the

dairyman who puts up ice usually is care-

ful about how he takes the milk from the

cows and stores it.

themselves exclusively

a problem when they

some object, and here where the object is

to have the sweet milk and sweet cream

keep as long as possible, the man who





to one phase of





will go to the expense and trouble of put?





ting up ice will usually devote the um.

necessary to keep his stables and cows

clean and his milk reasonably pure from

barn dust and filth.





.That other dairyman, whose name is.





 





arm-z. 1a9.~._'





 





She was dropped January '





mismm





If any maker of oni-oi-daie cream

separators tries to trap you by claiming

that disks or other contraptions are

needed in modern machines, catch him

in his own trap. ~

1.3.3.3 22.“:- man came



an

Sharpie! Ilalry 1' Mitch have





More,

neither disks nor conir ons.

fl lead apt] produce





 





 

 

 

 

   

   

 





He dare not 0.

for Tubulars is—

prove his claims.

Yet. by re-

iusmg to go.

he admits

his claims

are around-

less. He is

hopelessly

caught in,

h l s o w n .

trap.



Tubulars Sharpie- lhiry m.

are The World's Best. Probably replace more

common separators than any one maker of such

machines sells. Sales. exceed most. if not all.

. others’combined. World's biggest separator fac-

tory. Branch iaciones in Canada and Germany.





TIE SHAIPLES SEPARATOR 00..

WEST CHESTER, PA. (I

Chicago. Ill. 8.- Fundsoo, 0d. Per-find.“

Toronto. Can. Winnipeg. 0on-





 





 





$2729" to 3423'3‘;I





muss-sulfides- Eves-W‘s:





 





We do‘ not advertise or sell small capacity

kitchen separators made to set on a table.

Some dealers are representing such toys

as practical dairy machines. Our Econ-

omy Chief Separators are all b , strong.

sol d, substantial machines, bu it for the

business of dairying, guaranteed to do.

the work and roduce t e profits. Every

one is mounts on its own solid base and

is of the finest and most substantial con-

structlon. Even the smallest Economy

Chief, at $27.90 complete, has a skimming

capacity of 300 pounds, or 145 quarts per

hour. It will skim any quantity from 1

gallon up: Slxt duys’ trial to every

uyer. ill out t' is coupon for our free

Dairy Guide. the book that tells you all

about the Economy Chief Separator.





-----—u—-——_--_---—___.._-___--—-————





Sears, Roebuck and Co., Chicago, Ill.

Please send me your free Dairy Guide.





 





 





 





Home



Postoffice



R.F.D. No. State



1’. 0. Box No. Street and No.





 





 





0. & Nicki. Farmer





 





 





 





Few men will devote.





are striving for '





 





SEARS, Kill-BUCK AND (10.. CIHVCAGO‘





 





(Bold with or without cleats?

cause ear corn (with or w

chucks) and (mum all kinds gun-small





grain. Ilse conical Shops 0

mm hm all others.





' LIGHTEST





I

(On! Ohmic! Tells Why.) _

lila- 0605'! I — .

2 to 291:. he aisle :0! 23:»

wheel use. -

o is! W

“femur-dwelt Plain.“

ILI. P. Bmher 60.

Bond, Ind. '





 





 





 





 





unsure SALE OF MY.





The Granary completely a and son '

osndifiem located at Bangla'gtstion. Drench“

00%.“. vim-.9 ion =~





the prenlisel on “DAY 14. 13”»

at o‘clock r. n. Dire " it: ‘ "

uuvu MFAM'O%.:ng:tavlsngm-v





 





1.:





cm: with





‘h‘q





v“..- v“





 





 





if

‘4

i

's





:2» .W





MK”. .- . . W71“...
cm" W .





u... 4.. :4

m _





 





. deg—lumen





-2 ”a :3. ,





"-1.1!” m,» _ ..- , W»





a“ sewn—9W“-





.1115 .——~ — ..





 





 





     





APRIL 2, 1910. ‘





legend; fails to putlup ice and also lacks

in care about his stables. He it is who

gets‘in trouble with his patrons. There

may be an element of' ignorance which

enters into the cause of this carelessness.

but there is in many instances a spirit of

indifference that provokes beyond meas-

ure those who through public spirit or

authority would correct the fault. The

coming of the day when milk and cream

will be graded promises to overcome the

indifference as the dairyman will then be

given a premium for high grade cream

and be penalized when a product of low

quality is offered. The following “Do

Nots” may lead the earnest dairyman to

discover how to get a cleaner product.

They are compiled by W. B. Wright, a

Michigan b0y now employed by the dairy

department of the Oklahoma Agricultural

College. His points are:



1. Do not feed dry hay or fodder at

milking time, and to prevent dust from

rising from the floor use the sprinkling

can, for dust means bacteria.



2. Do not brush the cow just before

or at the time of milking, for the dead





lar need of, which would consequently be

waste. Therefore, I am of the opinion

that it would be better to use oil meal,

or cottonseed meal, or gluten feed, or

dried brewers’ grain in place of the oats.

All of these by-products are richer in

protein and would better balance the food

in the ration to give a right proportion of

the food nutrients. A balanced ration is

supposed to be the most economical

ration. '





SILAGE AND HAY ENOUGH.





 





The indications are that I will have to

buy little, if any, hay to get my stock

through the winter. Last winter I pur-

chased over $400 worth of hay; but the





-two silos, together with the beet top silo,





and also a good crop of hay has furnished

me forage enough and I will have consid-

erable corn silage to feed during the dry

weather of summer. At this date I have

a silo 15 feet in diameter and 30 feet deep

of ensilage. This is the new silo which

is’50 feet in height, consequently the last

30 feet of ensilage is well packed. We





 





 





Two-year-old Jersey Heifer that Produced Milk at 13¢ per lb.





skin and hairs, carrying thousands of

bacteria, will be loosened ready to drop

into the pail.



3. Do not permit the cow to switch

her tail over the milk pail, for she is cer—

tain to throw hundreds of bacteria into

the milk at every flip.



4. Do not soak the teats or udder with

milk or water so that drops fall into the

pail, but moisten with a cloth for a moist

surface does not readily permit bacteria

to leave it.



5. Do not regard milking as a dirty

task and wear old and filthy clothes, for

the handling of food for human beings

should be made a cleanly task.



6. Do not wash pails and cans with

cold water, but scald with boiling water

and steam; and by all means, avoid rins—

ing with cold water just before milking,

for a few drops of water usually contain

several thousand bacteria,



7. Do not wait to finish milking before

beginning the cooling of the milk, but set

the can in a tub of cold water so that

each cow’s milk will be cooled immedi-

ately after milking; for a high tempera-

ture causes bacteria to multiply very

rapidly. .



8. Do not fail to thoroughly clean arid

scald the parts of the separator each

time it is used, for bacteria thrive in the

separator slime.





BARLEY MEAL FOR COWS.





 





 





I am feeding my cows barley meal, per-

haps one-quarter oats for grain, corn

stover and clover hay for roughage all

winter. Three cows were fresh in the fall

that have averaged 40 lbs. 3. day. I do not

remember seeing in The Farmer any-

thing about barley meal for cows. I

would like to hear from someone in re~





gard to it.

Ingham CO. V. E. C.





Barley meal is considered a good grain

ration for cows, and certainly when mixed

with one-fourth oats would be all the

better. A liberal ration of this grain food

in connection with corn stover and clover

hay for roughage would undoubtedly

make the cows yield a liberal flow of

milk. I am inclined 'to think, however,

that while this is a good producing ration

for the cows, that it is a little extrava-

gant. That is, It contains carbohydrates

in excess. The cows, in order to get

enough pretein to manufacture 40 lbs. of

milk daily would have to consume more

carbohydrates than there is any particu»





 





(See page 369).





have fed the horses a feed of oat straw

once a. day, and also the young cattle.

The cows have had a feed of oat and pea

straw once a. day for a portion of the

time. A fairly large acreage of oats and

peas last year have also cut down on the

grain bill this winter and we have had

sufficient ground oats and pens to feed

once a day all winter and still have a

sufficient amount to last probably until

pasture comes. Once a day we have fed

gluten feed, or oil meal, or cottonseed

meal. Taking it all in all, our feed bills

this year are lighter than they have been

in years.





 





THE WATER DILUTION SYSTEM.





 





One of the enemies of good butter is the

water dilution system. “'hen cold water

is poured into fresh milk

whole body and of course the globules of

butter—fat have a better chance to rise.

The skim-milk being diluted has a blue

color and this gives rise to the belief that

all of the cream has been secured.

Friends of the dilution creamers or sepa-

rators claim that one gets just as much

cream by their use as by the hand sepa-

rator. If one will make a careful test of

the two methods, he will find that the

above claim is not true.





THE MICHIGAN





 





 





 





it dilutes the,





If one has the facilities he can easily;





and quickly decide the matter for

self. Separate one-half of the milk by

means of the hand separator

other half by means of the dilution sys~

tem. After six hours test the skim-milk

for lost butter fat. The result will be a

surprising victory for the hand separator.



Almost every farmer desires to feed the

skim-milk to his calves and hogs. The

diluted milk is not fit to feed because

a calf or pig must drink too large a quan-

tity to get the proper amount of nour-

ishment.



The one great aim should be to get

good butter, and the cream gathered by

the dilution system will not make good

butter. The water from almost every

well contains bacteria. These will multi-

ply very rapidly in the milk and impart

a, bad flavor to the butter made from the

cream. Every farm should strive to pro-

duce butter of the very first grade and

that end may be gained only by using the

best system, and investigation will show

that the dilution system is not the best.



Ohio. S. C.





him- j





and the j





 





(11)





FARMER. 371





0 THIS IS NOT JUST

' i TALK—IT IS A FACT:





If you can find any other

separator that under the





same Conditions will skim



, ' . to its rated capacity. as

closely us the double

cored IOWA we will

make you a present of one





of our machines.



" An ofier like that is more positive proof

of genuine merit than any quality claim we



could make. If we said





,_ The Iowa Dairy

- Separator





is the best on earth, you would Say, maybe it is and maybe it isn’t.

You would be generous enough to say that itwaa our baby and that

We doubtless thought it the finest, but that didn’t prove it.



But See if you can get any other separator manufacturer to. make you

this same proposition. If you can you will either get his machine or ours

free of all cost. If you can’t, you will know what machine is conceded

to be the best by all manufacturers

— men who ought to know.



The Iowa actually does skim

closer than any other. It skims cold

milk to a trace. It is easiest to clean be-

cause the milk drains out of the bow] at

the end of the run and water run through

cleans it so that a piece of clean linen

rubbed over the bowl any place will not

show the slightest soil. It is easiest to at

turn and it is the most durable.



It is made by the largest factory in the





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





world, and by the only factory that

makes every part that goes with the

machine.





If your dealer does not handle the Iowa

write us and we will see that you are

supplied.



Write to-day for our book giving surpris-

ing inside information about separators.





Iowa Dairy Separator (lo.

108 Bridge 81., Waterloo, Iowa.





 





 





 





 





WhichOneWillYou ‘ ' , """" only

Test on Your Farm ‘





for Ninety Days ? .x'”

Freight Prepaid





Which will you try, 30 Daya’ Free or 90 Days' Ap-

proval Test? '



—'Any capacity from 200 to 950 pounds per hour,

according to your needs. and I’ll save you from $25.00

to $50.00 on the price.



-—Thc only Separator whose gearing runs in a "Bath





of Oil” like a 59.000 automobilefii’caturc wonh $50.00 alone. You

-Automatically oils itself—Pour oil at the top.once a month $25

from your oil jug or can—No danger of running dry, or mining to





it like others— No oil cups to remember to fill or turn up twice a day.

-Dust-prooi — Dangcr-prooi—All gears enclosed—simple but

standard built and absolutely dependable.





GALLO WA Y’s 552:". n. on»





HIGH GRADE STANDARD DREAM SEP‘RA TOR-9





—Has the only revolving supply tank—worth $15.00 alone. --I-ct me send you my Big New Sep-

-—Easicst to clean and the few parts come out easy and arator llook-rpost paid—Free. so you and your wife and

can‘t get back out of place. the boys and girls can talk it over and then try one of

-—Easicst to run—high crank—low tank. \Vith no high my separators under my easy plan for you Do do it.

lifting and no “hack-breaking" cranking. You‘ll call it the best it you test it alongside any of the

—Gcis the finest quality cream and all of it—no lumps highest priced $85.00 and $110.00 separators sold by

or churning, as Nature‘s true principle is followed without anvbody today—makers—catalog houses~dealers—jobbexs

forcing either the milk or cream the wrong way up or down. or anybody else. \Vrite me today.





wilfh’fié“io§l°5fiit an. 352312.? °' “5°“ "° ““m" wuwz'ifl’é'flfi’éb’fifim

843 Galloway Sta" Waterloo, Ia.





—ls as handsome a machine. compact and substantial,

as you ever saw or could find. Beautiful finish.

THE “W AMERICAN

D O W N





EXCEIS ANY SEPARATOR IN THE WORLD





OUR LIBERAL TRIAL ENABLES YOU TO

DEMONSTRATE THIS. While our prices for all

capacities are astonishingly low. the quality is high.

Our machines are up to date. well built and hand-

sonicly finished. Run easier, skim closer, have a.

simpler bowl with fewer parts than any other cream

separator. Thousands of machines in use giving '

splendid satisfaction. Write for ourl9l0 catalog.

We will send it free, postpaid. It Is richly illus-

tratcd, shows the machine in detail and tells

all about the American Separator. Our

surprisingly liberal long time irIaI proposi-

tion, generous terms of purchase and the low

prices quoted will astonish you. We are the

oldest exclusive manufacturers of hand separa-

tors in America and the first to sell direct to the

user. We cannot afford to sell an article that

Is not absolutely first class. You save agent's,

dealer's and even catalog house’s profits by deal-

ing with us and at the same time obtain the

finest and highest quality machine on the mar-

ket. Our own (manufacturer's) guarantee pro-

tects you on every American Separator. We ship





 

 

 





 

 

   

   

   

   

 

   





   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





AND UPWARD





—..____._____.

THIS OFFER IS NO CATCH.

It. is a solid. fair and square

proposition to furnish a brand new,

well made and well finished cream

separator complete. subject to a.

long trial and fully guaranteed. for .

$15.95. It is different from any- .

thing that has over before been

ofijered. Sklms I quart of milk a

minute, hot or cold. makes thick or

thin cream and does it just as well

as any higher priced machine. Any

boy or girl can run it sitting down.

The crank ls only 5 inches long.

Just think of that! The bowl is a.

sanitary marvel ; easily cleaned and

embodies all our latest improve-

ments. Gears run in anti-fric-

tion bearings and thoroughly





rotected. Befor ou decide



2n a cream sepafai’or of any - immedilattely.wviltestorn orgerstfillad "0th??-



capacit whatever. obtain - _ V/ am W n l- 1‘ 0 us an Be our grea. .0 er

3' v and handsome free catalog. ADDRESS.





our $15. 95 proposition.





AMERICAN SEPARATOR CO., Box1061, BAIN?RIDGE,N.Y.





 





 





Enables youto





N'CORN— DAIRY RATION makeGIbe. of food"





do the work of 8 or 10 lbs. of any other ration. Send us copy of ration;

you are now feeding and let us tell you how to save money on you,

feed bills. CHAPIN & CO. Inc., Milwaukee, Wis. .





When writing to Advrtisers mention the Michigan Farmer.
372 (it): ‘

The Michigan Farmer

ESTABLISHED 1843.





THE LAWRENCE PUBLISHING C0.,

EDITORS ans rsorsunoas.





39 to “Courses Street West, Detroit. Michigan.

TELEPHONE MAIN 4525.

NEW Yonx Osman—41 Park Row.

CHICAGO OFFICE—1736 First Nat’l Bank Building.

CLEVELAND Osman—10114015 Oregon Ave., N. E.





M. J. LAWRENCE . ................................. President.

M. L. LAWRENCE. ....................Vice-Presideut.

E. H. HOUGHTON _...........................Sec.-’l‘reas.





 





 





 





 





i. n. WATERBURY “meme

0. lil. YOUNG Editors.

BURT WEBMUTH . ......... .



E. H. HOUGHTON .................... Business Manager.





 





TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION:





Five Years 260 “was...” $2.00





Three Years, in Copies, Postpaid, . . . . . . $1.50

One Year, 52 Copies. postpald .................. 15 cu.

Six Months, 26 coplosmostpeld,

Canadian subscription 50 cents a year extra ior posters





 





Always send money by drait, postoiiice money

order, registered letter. or by express. We will not

be responsible for money sent In letters. Address

all communications to. and make all drafts. checks.

and postoihce orders payable to. the Lawren.e

Publishing Co.





RATES OF ADVERTISING:



40 cents per line agate measurement. or 5.60

per Inch. each insertion. with a reasonable d scount

on orders amounting to 020 or over. No adv’t in-

serted for less than 01.20 per insertion.



No lottery. quack doctor or swindlinu adver-

t semente inserted at any pr ce.



Entered as second class matter at the Detroit.



Michigan. postomce.





COPYRIGHT l9l0

by the Lawrence Pub. Co. All persons are warned

against reprinting any portion of the contents

of this issue without our written permission.





 





 





 





 





WE GUARANTEE to stop THE

MICHIGAN FARMER Immediately

upon expiration of time subscribed

for, and we will pay all expenses for

defending any suit, brot against

any subscriber to The Michigan

Farmer by the publisher of any farm

paper, which has been sent after the

time ordered has expired, prOVIding

due notice is sent tons, before suit

is started.





 





Avoid further trouble, by refusing

to subscribe for any farm paper

which does not print, In each issue,





 





a definite guarantee to stop on expir-

ation of subscription.

The Lawrence Pub. Co.. .

Detroit, Mich.





 





 





 





DETROIT, APRIL 2, I910.





 





LEADING ARTICLES OF THE WEEK.





 





The Plank ‘ Frame Barn.——Illustrated

description of trusses for ............ 36

Experience with L0cust Timber.-—Prof—

liable for planting on rough ground. .363

Breeding Pure-Bred Swine.—Some es-

sciitials in the foundation herd......365

The King System of Ventilation.—A

few pointers on size of ventilating

shafts needed ....................... 366

The Balanced Ration.——Distinctly what

is meant thereby is herein expiained.369

The Oldest Ship Afloat—A historical

sketch of the U. S. Gunboat \Volver-

inc. formerly called the Michigan....373

The Dunce’s Return.-——A short story

for boys which points a good moral. .376





[:9





The Popular Irish Crochet—Sugges-

tions for those interested in fancy

work ................................. 378





Keeping Fowls on Limited Range.——

Timely hints on providing shade and

green food for t‘ovwls that are not

givcn the rangc of the entire farm..386



Making Concentrated Lime-Sulphur at





Home-«A general discussion of

methods for the home manufacture

Of this more and more popular

spray ................................ 388





CURRENT COMMENT.





 





Published reports of

Wool Prices and the convention of Mich—

Prospects. igan wool buyers held





at Lansing last week





state that owing to the dull eastern demand,





Michigan wool buyers have determined to





go slowly in the purchase of the new

clip, starting the market at 18@25c for





such wool as is offered at this time. In

some of these published reports it is also

stated that 75 per cent of the wool col-

lected last season is now on hand with

no offers being made for it. Too much

dependence should not be placed upon

such reports published in daily papers.

It is quite likely that the latter statement

was gathered by some reporter from an

interview with an individual buyer who

held his last year's purchases for spccu-

lative purposes. Certainly no such figures

would be intelligently applicd to the wool

situation as a whole by anyone pretending

to be Well informed on-the subject, It is

well known that last year, before the new

c'iip was marketed the market was prac-

tically bare of wool of the better market

grades, and that notWithstandmg the ef-





   





2'





THE “MICHIGAN FARMER 4-





downby a ’hand-to-mo‘uth‘ policy in buy-

ing, prices steadily advanced as the

season progreSsed. At this date last year

the Boston quotation on Michigan half-

blood fleeces was 29@30c. There were

slight advances continuing until about the

middle of May, when the market took a

marked upward turn, the same quality

of fleeces selling in B-ostOn at 33@35c.

This is explained by the fact that manu—

facturers had refused to buy except for

immediate needs before the opening of

the May auction in London, where prices

were advanced to a point which forced

fleeces up as above noted. Further ad-

vances occurred later, Michigan half-blood

fleeces being quoted at 35@36c in Boston

by the middle of June, with the market

continuing firm and unchanged at the

same figure a month later.

Unquestionably this rising market af~

forded wool buyers ample opportunity to

Close out their holdings at a profit. unless

they bought in anticipation of a further

rise or chose to hold their purchases for

a further advance, and undoubtedly most

of them availed themselves of the oppor-

tunity.

So much for last year.

present. Our Boston rcport published in

the last issue quoted Michigan half—blood

fleeces at 33617340. Shearing is reported

to have begun in the west, but growers

are holding their wool firmly, believing

that conditions warrant an advance in

prices over previous years. With prices

higher than they have been for some

years manufacturers naturally feel that

there is nothing to be lost by the playing

of a waiting game, and local buyers ap-

parently do not care to buy heavily until

the market gets well established, pre-

ferring to take what comes to them at

their offers than to force prices to a.

level warranted by present quotations

by competitive buying. “'hile this condi-

tion of affairs may continue. for some

weeks, it is probable that movements of

domestic wools will be free after the

Opening of the London salcs in May, as

the quantity of wool sold at those sales

is sufficiently largo to make a basis for

private trading of considerable volume.

Under existing circumstances conditions

would seem to warrant a good wool mar-

ket this year. The statistics compiled by

the Bureau of Statistics of the Depart-

mcnt of Agriculture show an increase of

the number of sheep in the country over

the number on January 1, 1909, of about

two per cent. Thus it will be seen that

the domestic wool clip will be little larger

than that of last year, and as there can

be no large surplus of wool on hand. since

conditions have favored a normal con-

sumption, there would seem to be no dan-

ger of a serious slump in the market.

In any event it is certain that unless

more than 18@250 is offered for the clip,

there can be no danger in holding it.

since the margin between these figures

and current Boston quotations is alto--

gcthcr too widc,.and growers should be

firm holders at these prices.





On April 15 of

The Coming Census. the present year

the taking of the

United States census will begin. This





ccnsus is taken regularly every 10 years.

Some time ago there was published in

these columns a full statcment of the

questions which will bc asked by census

cnumcrators, in order that thc rcadcr

might be prepared with the data so that

he will be subjected to no embarrassment

when the cnumcrator calls upon him dur-

ing the latter part of April. There arc.

always sonic who do not fully understand

the purposc of a census, and object to

answering many of the questions which

are asked. To reassure any reader who

may not have fully investigated the pur-

port of the census, if is only ncccssary

to say\that the information gathered is

used solely and only for gcncral statisti-

cal purposes. It is not published nor used

in any way to disclose facts regarding

any individual or enterprise so that the

giving of full information as required can

in no way injure the person giving it.

Briefly reviewed the questions which will

be asked with reference to population are

as follows:



“The name, relationship to head of fam-

ily, color, sex, age, conjugal condition,

place .of birth, place of birth of parents.

number of years in the United States, cit~

izenship, occupation, whether or not em:

ployer or employee, and, if employee,

whether or not employed at the date of

enumeration (April 15, 1910), and the

number of months unemployed during the

preceding calendar year (1909), whether

or not engaged in agriculture, school at-

tendance, literacy, and tenure of home...

and whether or not a. survivor of the





--Union or Confederate Army or Navy; and-





 





 





forts. of manufacturers to keep prices-





Now for the ,





   





K

v





the name: and address «of eichw-bllnd- or

deaf and dumb person..'_'. 7. _. v. .

W'ith regard to agriculture, the ques-

tions will embrace the following subjects:

“The name, color, and country of birth

of occupant of each farm, tenure, acreage

of farm, acreage of woodland and char—

acter of timber thereon, value'rof‘ farm,"

and improvements, value of farm imple-

ments, number and value of live stock on

farms and ranges, number and value of

the domestic animals not on.the farms

and ranges, and the acreage of the

crops planted and to be planted during

the year of enumeration (1910), and the

acreage of crops and the quantity

and value of crops and other farm pro-

ducts for the year ending December 31,

(1909), next preceding the enumeration.”

This brief summary is published at this

time in order that every reader may

summarize the necessary data with regard

to his farming operations so as to be able

to answer the questions quickly and in—

telligcntly when the enumerator calls

upon him.

As before noted in

Some Things we these columns the agi—

Shouid’Know. tation which has been

brought about by the

increased cost of living has led to the

more or less general opinion that the

farmers of the country are making ab-

normal profits upon their products. That

this is an erroneous opinion every farmer

of course, knows; but probably not one

farmer in ten is prepared to prove it is

an error with authentic figures which

represent the profit and loss account of

his own farming operations. As noted in

another column an inventory of the farm





property should be at hand when the

census enumerator calls , on or before

April 15. It is important that this inven-





tory should be an accurate one upon each

farm. Fortunately, the date of the census

figures is One which is well adapted to

become the opening date of the fiscal

year in farming operationspsince at this

season of the year the personal property

upon the farm is at its lowest point, thus

making it easier to take an accurate in-

ventory» of such property than at any

other season of the year. Consequently

when this inventory is taken it should be

made to serve the double purposes of sup-

plying information necessary to the

proper answering of questions which wil:

be put by the census enumerator, and at

the same time furnish a basis for a sim-

ple but accurate system of farm account-

ing, which will enable every farmer to

determine for himself in such a manner

that he can prove to others if desired

just how much he has made or lost

through the conduct of his farm for the

current year. '



This system of farm accounting should

also go further, enabling the farmer to

tell which department of his products

have been profitable and which have not.

This may not. mean much to him for a.

single year, since a crop which does not

pay well this year may be the most profit-

able next, but after such a system of ac~

counting has been continued for a num-

ber of years, it will give him valuable

information, since the crops which pay

well for a series of years of the depart—

ment of live stock production which gives

the largest net returns for a series of

years, are those in which production

should be gradually enlarged while thal

dcpartmcnt which does not give adequate

profits for a series of years should grad—

ually be diminished.



Enough has been said and written upon

this subject to convince any reader of the

importance of such a system of account—

ing were that necessary, but the average

farmer, while ready to concede the ad-

vantages 01' such a system, neglects it

from your to year, because he thinks it

too much trouble or because he thinks he

does not have time to attend to it. How-

ever, this inventory which will be neces—

sary for the purpose of securing figures

for the census will give him a good start-

ing point and the man who follows this

up for a single year, as above suggested,

will undoubtedly continue the system in

the future. The little time required could

not be expended in any manner which

would yield so great a profit or give so

much satisfaction from any standpoint.





 





OUR PONY CONTEST.



Perhaps some farm boys and girls of

the Michigan Farmer family failed to see

the announcement of our pony contest as

published in previous issues of the Mich-

igan Farmer. However, there is plenty

of time yet towin this prize if they will

actat once; a whole month in which to

demonstrate what they can do if they

will but try. On pages 390 and 391 of this





     





"APRIL 2‘. team;



issue will be found information: "which

will interest them.‘ None should» .fall to

enter this contest~because they fear they

could not win the pony. A great deal

can be done in a month’s time. It is

more than likely that the winner of the

contest is yet to be, heard from. But

there are many other prizes aside from

the pony which will be attractive to the

farm boys and girls, and all will receive

a reward in proportion with the results

which they get. Write the Pony Contest

Editor of the Michigan Farmer at once

for detailed information regarding this

contest. Don't delay longer, but enter

the contest at the earliest possible date.





 





AGENTS, ATTENTION!





 





The annual spring election will be held

on Monday next, April 4. This will be

an excellent opportunity for all agents

to secure the required number of sub-

scriptions to entitle them to the rebate,

if they have not the 10 or more to their

credit already. At the polling places you

see people you would have to go miles to

see. Be there early and late and see

them all. It will probably be your last

chance before rebate time is up, May 1,

to work where there will be such a large

crowd. Use your own copy of the Mich-

igan Farmer as a sample. Pony contest-

ers should take advantage of this also.





HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.





 





Foreign. '



Mount Etna, the famous volcano of the

Island of Sicily. has formed a number of

new craters and has been throwing im-.

mense volumes of lava and smoke for

the past several days. The new openings

have diverted the lava flow down differ-

ent gorges than in former, eruptions, en-

dangering towus that have heretofore

been considered immune from the activity

of volcanoes, whereas some of the towns

formerly destroyed or partially so by the

eruptions, are not suffering damage from

the present flow.



The explosion of a gun on the cruiser

Charleston, while at target practice in

Olongapo Bay, Philippine Islands, is re-

ported to have killed eight men.



Among the interesting features of Pres-

ident Roosevelt's stay at Cairo, Egypt.

was his interview with newspaper men

of_ that country. The press has been

criticising the Colonel’s speeches, con-

tending that they were objectionable from

a political standpoint. Many of the most

radical editors were present at the inter-

view and appeared to be impressed with

the former American executive’s broad-

mindedness.



It is reported that agents of Ex-Prcsi-

dent Castro of Venezuela, are operating

in the southern states for the purpose of

securing aid to the former executive to

regain his power at home.



Two battalions of Chinese infantry have

mutined at Tsingkiang Pu. Other troops

nave been sent to quiet the mutiny.



The government of Russia is submitting

a program to the .duma calling for the

expenditure of $375,000,000 for the cou-

structlon of a new navy in the next de-

cade. .The first installment calls for the

expenditure of one-tenth of this entire

amount. -



A monument was unveiled in Paris on

Marclr 27 to the memory of Horace Wells.

who discovered the use of nitrous oxygen

gas. 111 dental work.



Sir Ernest Shackleton, the Englishman

who recently succeeded in making ex—

plorations nearer the south pole than any

other person, is now preparing another

exploration party for the purpose of

reaching the coveted point.



It has been officially announced that an

agreement has been reached between

France and the United States upon the

tariff question and the United States

griiatc and the clfianiiici‘ of deputies of



rancc are now as ed to ra ' i‘ "

agreed upon. tify the ttlmb



Between 300 and 400 persons are report-

ed tohave burned to death in a barn in

the Village of Ockoerita, Hungary, where

a public ball was in progress. Extensive

decorations had been provided and it was

in these and that the fire started because

of improper exits and the dryness of the

material the pleasure seekers could not

ggt away from the fire and were burned.



National.



'Justice David J, Brewer of the United

States Supreme Court. died Monday ni ht

at his residence in “'ashington, of a o—

plexy. He had been but slightlv indis—

posed. Justice Brewer was born at

Smyrna, Asta Minor. in 1837, his father

and mother being missionaries to that

land. He graduated from Yale College in

1856, later from the the Albany law school

removed to Kansas and was judge of the

supreme court of that state, when in 1884

he was appomtcd United States circuit

Judge. Prcsidcnt Harrison appointed him

assomate Justice in 1889. He also served

on a number of special commissions, the

most noted of which was the commission

which considered the Venezuelian boun-

da’ry disputes.



l‘wo thousand watches valued at $20.—

000 were stolen from the pier at Boston

where they had been delivered for ship-

ment to London.



The latest reports from the conference

of the united mine workers and operators

of coal mines at Cincinnati, suggest that

a strike will be called April 1. The min-

ers absolutely refuse to consider the prop—

osition presented by the operators, while





the latter maintain that they have of~





feted all they are in a position to.

_Women’s auxiliaries consisting of the

Wives and daughters of the street our

men in Philadelphia are being’organ‘ized

to continue the contest between the men

and the rapid transit company. .

Continued on page 383). , v
LITERATURE

POETRY

HISTORY an?

IN FORMATION





 





 





 





 





 





 





‘17": FARM BOY

an? GIRL

SCIENTIFIC an?

MECHANICAL





 





 





 





 





 





 





This Magazine Section forms a part of our paper twice a month. Every article is written especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere





 





 





THE OLDEST





SHIP AFLOAT





 





Historic United States G'unboat Wolverine.

BY JAMES COOKE MILLS.





In the naval register of the United

States, from the early times even to the

present, there appear the names of many

vessels—the converted yacht to the in-

domitable battleship—qv'hose fame will 31.

ways shed lustre upon the achievements

of the navy. Some have been fought to

victory in conflict with the world powers

on the high seas; others have been lost

in no less glorious defeat. Some have

won renown in the time of peace, While

still others, by their very presence at

opportune times, have preserved the

peace of nations.



Among those which have been engaged





ant service along the Canadian border

during the Civil War, there has been wit-

nessed a remarkable development in ma-

rine architecture. The wooden sailing

vessels of stout oak frames and thick

plank sheathing gave way to steamers of

iron, and later that type in turn has given

place to the modern steel leviathans of

today.



The plans and specifications for the old

gunboat were prepared and the templates

made for the government in 1842. Her

keel, ribs and plates were rolled the fol—

lowing year in Pittsburg and, with the

other metal parts and the machinery in





O





 





 





is 164 feet in length, 27 feet beam. and

her draught is nine to eleven feet. The

hull is of rigid strength and toughness

not excelled by the later-day St‘l'cllt'c of

shipbuilding, and the rolled plates of her

sides are of a quality of iron unknown

today. They are exceedingly tough. yet

so pliant that when the '\'I'>‘.<el strikes a

rocky bottom, as sometimes happens on

survey duty, the metal simply gives

without splitting. They are easily ham-

mered out straight again when the vessel

is in drydock. The structural stoutncss

of the old gunboat has been severely tested

in her 64 years of continuous service; and,





 





’ 4‘





47.7w!” in! g





4





 





 





 





 





Hoisting Target Over Side for Gun Practice.





in maintaining a strict neutrality is one

little steamer with a history, a record for

long and continuous service that has no

counterpart in the annals of any navy. The

name Michigan, belonging to a gunboat

and registering fourth class among the

warships of the nation, has been carried

on the active list for more than sixty

years. Since 1905 the name has been

borne by a great modern battleship of the

first class. The gunboat, however, is still

in commission, bearing the name \Volver-

ine, and is doing patrol duty along the

chain of Great Lakes.



The earliest records of the use of iron

in shipbuilding, either for the frame or

sheathing, show that, in 1816, Thomas

Wilson, a Scottish boat‘ouilder at Faskine,

Lanarkshire, began the construction of an

iron vessel. For attempting such an in-

novation in the well—established practice

of centuries, he was jeercd at continually

by the simple and ignorant folk of the

countryside. who would not believe that

iron, being heavier than water, would

float upon it when moulded into the form

of a water-tight vessel. The first iron

vessel, the Vulcan, however, maintained

a passenger service on the Monkland

Canal for more than half a century, and

was the pioneer of the iron and steel

merchant marine.



The United States steamer Michigan

was not only the first iron vessel launched

in the fresh waters of the inland seas,

but is also the oldest iron-hulled ship

afloat in the world. In her eventful ca»

reer, far antedating any Warship in com-

mission today, and which included import-





; .





sections, were hauled over the rough post-

ioad through the almost unbroken wilder-

ness to Erie, then a small settlement on

the southern shore of Lake Erie. During





that winter the vessel was put together,

the engine and boilers installed, and the

upper works and rigging put in, so that

in the spring of 1844 the first iron vessel

upon the Great Lakes was launched into

the fresh waters.



The Michigan, or, rather the Wolverine.





Sub-caliber Gun Practice—Placing the Shell.





the storms and gales of

period, she is





after huffeting

the lakes during that long

Still good for many cruises,



The Michigan always carried three

masts, schooner rigged, although origin-

ally the foremast was ship rigged and

continued so until after the Civil War.

The yards were removed and the top-

masts shortened a number of years ago,

and no dependence is now placed in sails

as a, means of propulsion. The steam





applied by side paddle-wheels

between which rises

Forward of the





power is

placed amidships,

the rakish smoke—stack.





stack is the wheelhouse, which originally

was a little box-like affair, but through





successive rebuilding and enlargement has

now almost reachtd the proportions of an

upper deck cabin. The bulwarks are high

like the warships of the Civil \Var period,

and through the open ports. during those

«\‘t-iting times. there grinned as wicked

looking smooth—bores of the muzzle-load-

ing type as ever were tired in deadly con-





iijk‘t. In after years the old antiquated

Parrots were converted into breech—load—

ers, but they have long since been rele—

gated to the museum of curiosities. She

was also armed with musket}: and cut-

lasses, in the days of hand to hand tight-

ing over the sides, but even they have

been replaced by modern firearms. The

present. armament, if such it can be





called. consists of six Driggs-Fhrocder six-

poundcr rapid-tire guns, and two Notch-

kiss one-pount'lcrs, and, although email,

are more effective than the old heavy

smooth-bores ever were.



The original engine, which still propels

the old gunboat at a spied of ten to

twelve miles an hour, is of the inclined

cylinder, low-pressure type, with the pis-

ton rods connected direet to the main

wheel-shaft, and devel eops about 000 horse-

power. It is slow acting and a rather

cumbersome design, occupying space to

the exclusion of a. proper boiler capacity.

Several sets of steam boilers have seen

service and been worn out, the early ones

being equipped with grates for burning

wood, of which there was a great abund—

ance along the chain of lakes. Of late

years two Scotch boilers of greater steam-

ing radius and provided with forced draft

have been installed. In the early days the

steamer carried a complete wrecking out—

iit, and many are the ships she has saved

from total loss by timely aid. For many

years she was the only vessel so equipped

on the marine highway of the Great

Lakes.





In steaming from the harbor of Erie

On her maiden voyage, the Michigan was

piloted by Alexander St. Bernard, whose

reputation as a skilled navigator was well

established throughout the lake region.

For more than a quarter of a century he





 





 





Close- Vlew of the Bow and Stern





 





 





of the Historic Old Gunboat Michigan, Now the Wolverlne.
< "4.... . am.- a), .___ .





 





 





 





«r





”2‘1-—i+,< ,





.—.~._: “Max‘s“;





_ ring": 4.." 7 ';..;





374 (14)

navigated the “iron steamer," as she was

then known, through the uncharted chan-

nels and along the dangerous shores of

the lakes; and the black-hulled, three-

masted gunboat was everywhere looked

upon as the vigilant watchdog of the

Canadian frontier, When coursing through

the St. Clair River, the pilot, tall and

straight in blue service uniform with the

regulation brass buttons, was in his own

countryf His home was on the bank of

the river just above the village of St.

Clair, and adjoining it was a saw mill

with its boom filled with pine logs rafted

down the stream. Near by was a dock

piled ‘high with COl‘dWOOd which the set—

tlers cut in clearing their lands and hauled

to market at the steamboat landing.



There was no steam whistle in those

days to announce the coming of the “iron

steamer," but the noise of the paddle-

wheels churning the water in their frantic

struggle with the swift current served

the purpose. Almost the entire popula-

tion of the settlement turned out to greet

the pilot and stare at the black bull-dog

of the lakes. The sight of the jaunty

marines, the loosely—uniformed sailors, the

big threatening guns, the polished brass

work, at close range, was attractive.

VVhlle the vessel was fueling the officers

strolled.through the apple orchard to the

farm, house on'the hill, where they were

regaled with the best the farm afforded.



Not long after the Michigan was com-

missioned in active service. as years are

numbered, she figured prominently in the

rise and fall of a kingdom, and the assas-

sination of the king within the boundaries

of the state whose name she bears. The

episode of King Strong and his followers

fills a page of unusual interest in the an-

nals of the Great Lakes country. The

home of this large Colony of Mormonswas

on Beaver Island, the largest of a group

west of Mackinac in the northern part of

Lake Michigan. In 1848 there were about

a thousand Mormons in the colony. and

several hundred fishermen and wood

choppers, who were called Gentiles, made

their home on the island. The colonists

lived in warm and comfortable cabins

built of hewn logs. and they worshiped

in a large temple of the same rough ma-

terial. Polygamy was universally prac-

ticed, but the code of strict laws gov-

erning temperance in all things was

rigidly enforced. Every Mormon was re-

quired to contribute one—tenth of his in-

come for the support of the schools and

the church. A weekly newspaper, the

Northern Islander, was published, and for

a time the colony was in a flourishing

condition.



In July, 1850, Jesse James Strang. who

had been recognized as the spiritual lead—

or of the colony, was crowned King of the

Mormons, thus becoming the temporal

ruler of the Kingdom of Beaver Island.

The temple was then known as King

Strong’s Castle, and the town in which it

was located was named St. James, in his

honor. The island at this time was one

of the best wooding stations upon the

upper lakes and was a regular stopping

place of the gunboat to take on fuel. On

one of her visits to the island. the fisher—

men and wood choppers gave the officers

strange accounts of the outrages inflicted

on them by the king and his followers.

Like the Mormons themSelves, they were

forced to give up one-tenth of their earn-

ings to the treasury of the kingdom, and

those who refuscd to comply with the

'enactment were waylaid, bound hand and

foot, and beaten with whips until they

yielded. The king's lieutenants commit-

ted“ other serious misdeeds; they rubbed

the mails, they forced the treasurer of

Manitou county, who lived on the island,

to turn over the public funds; and still

not content with these infringements on

government protection, the king con-

ducted a private mint. There he made

and caused to be put in circulation coun-

terfeit paper money and bogus coin.



With the evidence of such a condition



of affairs existing within the bounds of a

peaceful state. King Strang and his

twelve apostles were arrested and taken

to Detroit for trial. Although opposed

by the best legal talent of the time, the

'king pleaded his case so ably that, in

spite of the handfuls of counterfeit money

from his mint that accused him, he and

the apostles were released, and they re-

turned to their northern home.



Soon after conditions became worse

than ever and the king hesitated at noth-

ing to further his ends. \Vhen matters

became no longer bearable, the steamer

Michigan was dispatched to the island for

the express purpose of arresting King

Strang and the ringleaders. Arriving at

the island at night the gunboat entered

the harbor and dropped anchor without





being discovered. The. officers and a. de-

tachment of twenty marines and twelve

deputy sheriffs made a. landing just be~

fore daybreak. They were all heavily

armed as they expected a. desperate re.

sistance. .



After a long and careful search of the

island, which occupied nearly the entire

day, the king was discovered in hiding

and, while the little armed force was

beating through the bush to apprehend

the other leaders, the pilot conducted the

prisoner to the ship. As they‘ entered

a long dark lane between high piles of

wood, some of the king’s enemies sprang

out from cover and fired their guns point

blank at the prisoner. He fell to the

ground mortally wounded and died soon

after. The assassins fled to the ship for

protection from the fury of the Mormon

mob, and were taken to Mackinac and

imprisoned, but were never brought to

trial. The Mormon temple, like the faith

itself on the island, has long since fallen

in decay, and only charred logs and a

few stone chimneys remain to mark the

ruined habitations of a once prosperous

community. _



During the Civil War the old Michigan

was the only gunboat or armed vessel on

the Great Lakes, and she was kept busy

cruising along the shores of Lake Erie

and through the connecting rivers to Lake

Huron. In those troublous times there

was constant danger of invasion and raids

from across the border, and more than

once the presence of the gunboat at a

critical time prevented serious complica-

tions. In 1864 the rebel refugees in Can-

ada organized to invade the United States

at some convenient point along the bor-

der. They plotted to take possession of a

number of steamers plying on Lake Erie,

and then to seize the Michigan. Without

fear of attack on the water they would

then fall upon the garrison of Johnson’s

Island, in Sandusky Bay, and free the

rebel prisoners confined there. With these

recruits to man the captured vessels they

were to make an attack on Buffalo and

other lake cities.



It was a very clever plot and

execution of it the conspirators started

well. On September 19, 1864, they seized

the steamer Philo Parsons, while on her

regular trip from Detroit to Sandusky,

and at Amherstburg, on the Canadian

side, they were joined by

other rebels who brought on board a

quantity of arms and ammunition. At

Middle Bass Island they captured another

though smaller steamer, the Island Queen,

together with twenty-five Union soldiers

who were surprised aboard her. Mean-

while the government, having been in-

formed of the detail of the movement. had

arrested the rebels who had stationed

themselves at Sandusky to aid the insur-

rection. and the gunboat Michigan's decks

were cleared for action.



The steamer Philo Parsons, with the

rebel leaders in command, entered the bay

very cautiously and advanced slowly until

within a mile of the Union gunboat. They

had expected signals, but seeing none

such as had been agreed upon, they be-

came suspicious and turned back. Put-

ting on all steam and driving the engine

to its full speed they dashed for the open

hike. “’ith shell and canister from the

gunbout slashing the water about her, and

with a few falling on her decks, the, little

passenger steamer gradually pulled away

from the warship and escaped around

l‘trlec. They pushed on to Sandwich, a

(‘niiadian town on the Detroit river. There

steamer was abandoned and, under

of night, the conspirators sought

rci‘ugc in the iillcriorof Canada. [Thus

the raid ended. rather ingloriously, but

without the shedding of blood; and the

peace of the bordering states from out—

side forces was not further threatened

during the war. The Michigan main-

tained a constant patrol of the lake and

river, and in a measure allayed the fears

of the inhabitants of cities and towns

thereon of invasion and violence.



After the Civil War ended the Fenian

invasion of Canada, in 1866, brought the

old gunboat into further prominence. She

captured the invaders redhanded,_ the

account of which, given in the Army and

Navy Journal in an issue of the time,

faithfully narrates the skirmishes of the

invasion and the capture of the Fenians:





“On Thursday, May 31, a considerable

number of Fenians had quietly gathered

in Buffalo, calling themselves laborers

bound for California. At about half past

two the next morning they had collected

at Black Rock, some three miles north

of Buffalo, and here they at once crossed

the Niagara river by the aid of two tugs

and four canal boats. They landed safely

under the green flag and at once took

possession of the ruins of Fort Erie, just

at the place where the lake narrows to

the river. Their number was somewhere





in the





tile





( ”\Tfi‘





about thirty





 





from one thousand to‘v‘flfteen hundred.

Their, military organization consisted of

four regiments, the Thirteenth, or Ten:

nessee, the Seventeenth, or Kentucky,

the Eighteenth, or Ohio, and the Seventh,

of Buffalo. All these had colonels, and

the whole' was under the command of

Col. O’Neill, formerly known as having

enlisted a regiment for the rebels of such

of our soldiers in the horrible den at

Andersonville al preferred dishonor to

death.



“This crossing had been successfully

concealed from the United States author-

ities. At embarking in the Fenian fleet

the men received arms and ammunition,

but no commissariat seems to have been

organized. They at once cut the telegraph

wires leading into Canada, tore up the

track of the railway near them, and ad-

vanced westward along the lake shore

toward Port Colborne, at the mouth of

the W'elland Canal.



“The first Canadian force to come into

actual conflict with the Fort Erie Fenians

was a body of about fourteen hundred

volunteers, under Colonel Booker, or Bu-

chanan, which had hastened to Port Col—

borne, while another force, under Colonel

Peacock, was advancing on the Fenian

rear, up the Niagara river, by way of

Chippewa. Booker’s troops met O'Neill

and his Fenians about eight o’clock on

the morning of Saturday, June 2. O’Neill

was advancing westward and now took

post at Limestone Ridge, somewhat less

than half way from Fort Erie to Port

Colborne.

which—though there are various reports

——the Canadians seemed to have despised

their adversaries, and to have advanced

in pursuit of them as if already victor-

ious. when the Fenian line was merely

falling back to rectify an error. Many of

the Fenians were veterans of the Rebel-

lion, and not to be discouraged in a

charge; so they charged bayonets in their

turn upon the confident Canadians, and

very easily dispersed them. But the losses

reported were only six killed and fifteen

wounded on the Fenian side, and twenty-

three killed and wounded on the Cana-

dian side.



“After pursuing the beaten Canadians

for some distance, the Fenians fell back

toward Fort Erie. They had impressed

some provisions at that place, but their

supplies quickly fell short, notwithstand-

ing what they could find in the vicinity.

More Canadian troops were coming up to

Fort Colborne; Peacock’s force was ap-

proaching from Chippewa; the Michigan

and one or two tugs had effectually closed

the Niagara river to reinforcements.’ As

the Fenians approached Fort Erie again

they had a brush with a small Canadian

force, but easily dispersed it; and at

night, worn out with fatigue and hunger,

the Fenians attempted to escape back into

the United States. Their main body was

promptly captured, with the tugs convey-

ing them on scows, by the Michigan; the

stragglers and pickets were left on the

Canadian side and were taken by Colonel

Peacock‘s force, which went into camp at





There was a sort of battle, in





 

 





     





area. 2. 191p»

Fort Erie; and the 'leftgflanks-movement. ;

of the Fenian invasion was over and a

failure, and its troops were prisoners to

United States District Attorney Dart.

though in immediate charge of Captain

Bryson, of the Michigan.”





or late years the old gunboat has be-

come an object of curiosity wherever she

cruises, but the old mariners of the lakes

look with a kindly regard, bordering on

reverence, upon the trim pioneer of vast

fleets of iron and steel merchant marine.

Withal her old-fashioned rig, the pro«

jecting wheel—boxes, and the small guns

bristling from her ports, she presents a

rather pleasing picture, a reminder of the

departed glories of the old navy. All the

upper works of wood in the old steamer

have been renewed from time to time so

that she is still in good cruising trim,



Until a very recent date all the work

about deck was done entirely by force of

human strength. The crew manned the

capstan whenever the anchor was

weighed, or, less frequently, when the

ship was warped about or along her dock:

they laid hold of the fish-fall and catted

the anchor; they grappled the boat hoists

in swinging the yawls and cutters in

the davits; they operated the ash hoist

and they coaled the ship. With modern

equipment all this is changed. A steam

capstan and winches relieve the crew of

the bulk of the heavy manual labor, and

speedy steam cutters transport officers

and men to and from the vessel and the

shore, as well as the supplies to the ship.



But still there is plenty of work for

the sailorman. He must holystone the

decks, polish all the bright work, scrape

the masts and spars and keep the hull in

a .state of glistening whiteness. Besides

there are always special duties and as-

signments, signaling messages to the

shore, and watch shifts to fill. After all

the “jackie” is a buSy man on duty.



During the greater part of the naviga- -

tion season the Wolverine is on special

survey work from Buffalo to Chicago,

recharting the channels and dangerous

reefs and shoals. T’Vhen the winter‘s ice

and snow checks navigation the old

steamer finds a safe berth in Erie harbor

and, alongside the dock where she has

tied up for so many years, she waits the

coming of another spring. The officers

and crew remain on board and, with

light duties and no cares, idle the four

months or more away.





 





WRITING FEATURE ARTICLES FOR

MAGAZINES.





 





BY I. z. Y.



While much has been written in the

way of good advice to the amateur writer,

little has been said upon writing feature

articles for the press and magazines. For

this reason, and no other, the writer

offers these few suggestions.



As a general rule, illustrated matter

sells best, photographs especially recom-

mending an article; and, since they are

cheaper for the writer than pen and ink

sketches, even the he may be able to

make his own, the product of the camera

is recommended.



Sometimes it is an advantage to make

a model of the’article to be written up.

and then photograph the model, which

shows for itself that the thing is feasible

and not something in the experimental

stage only.



A long narrow book, with ruled lines,

should be procured and used for making

notes and rough sketches, as thots come

to mind, or information is gathered in

various ways. A page or two should be

given to each topic intended to be written

upon some day, and when enough mate-

rial has been gathered to make an at-

tractive article it should be drafted out





roughly, crossing off the notes and

sketches as they are used.

Since illustrated articles should be





mailed fiat, without folding, it is well to

purchase envelopes and paper of different

sizes. Having the smaller, or return en-

velope, a little larger than the manuscript

paper, and a little smaller than the other

envelope. each will slip inside the other

without folding.



Another book, similar in shape to the

first, but ruled like a single entry ledger,

should be used as a record for the arti-

cles. One page should be given to each,

and no other entered upon that page until

the first has been disposed of, or de-

stroyed. Enter the name of the manu-

script on the top line and, immediately

underneath, a list of desirable magazines,

or newspapers. to which the article can

be sent. The first name can be in ink,

but the rest may be in pencil, in the order

of merit. In this manner a ready market

is at hand, in case the matter is returned.

In the vertical columns, on either side of

the page, can be written the dates when





any of the manuscript, or letters, pertain-

ing to it are mailed or answered. A true

record should be kept of the time and

place also, so that in case of loss in the

mails the postal authorities can be given

full information.



A manuscript ought to be written sev-

eral times if necessary, as a soiled apg

pearance will count against its accept;

ance. If not creased too much,,the pages.

can be ironed out, under a slightly damp

cloth.



The choice of a subject upon which to

write is hardly in the scope of this arti—

cle, and. in any case, there are so many

from which to choose that it would be

out of the question to deal with them all.



There are few magazines which will not

buy a good feature article. and the tech—

nical press offers a big inducement to

writers of matter in line with their var-

ious publicatiOns. It is the writer’s opin-

ion that more recompense, and certainly

more satisfaction, can be derived from

writing upon a positive subject than a

fictional one. altho it is necessary to admit

the sad fact that, if we go into the public

reading rooms, we shall see ten persons

of all ages standing at the fiction shelves

where we find one delving into science

and art, or useful books of information.



But this, to my mind, is where the

feature article writer has the advantage.

He is writing something that will not just

give a passing and exciting pleasure, but

something which will last, and, in all

probability, be referred to or quoted from

by others.





TOWARD SPRING.





 





BY ELIZABETH M. REEFERN.





We have reached the turn of the road.

We have conquered its roughness and

O gloom;

ur





faces are

land,

That is hidden in tender bloom.

Our feet are sore with the toil,

Our steps drag feeble and slow,

But our hearts are alight, when we see





set toward. the glowing





, afar

The valley where roses blow,





Our eyes glow glad with the sight.

Our souls feel stirrings of power;

The road winds smoother each step Of'

A dthe 2mg. bl

n yes er ay ossomed a !



To the Land of Heart’s Desirgower

From the darkness of winter’s abode,'

The pathway is wearisone, dull. and bare.

But Spring lies at the end of the road.





 





 





 





. - ‘4‘.,«-«~. ,.





4 .._.__ ._,__.~_
- “3.,“ ., .





ba- -..c_._....___—un-— am fl.





1‘“ .____g _,._,_..-





 





 





 





 

 





APRIL 2, 1910.





WHEN BUCKEYE BLOSSOMS BUST.





 





BY HOOSIER.





[’ve laid aside my flannel shirt,

And donned my old strawhat;



I’m out a-digging in the dirt,

And doing this and that.



Perhaps I hitch up to the plow

And go a round, and then



As like as anything allow

’Tis time to set a hen;



I’m kind 0’ notionfied and, like

As maybe not, you will





‘ See me a-sailin on my bike





And smiling fit to kill.



I feel religious in the spring,

And joyful; for the wust



Of pesky troubles all take wing

When buckeye blossoms bust!





I rig my fishing tackle up

And for the river pull;

It seems to me my earthly cup,

With joy is brimming full!

I throw a kiss to Lizy Ann,

And God be glorified,

And then it’s catch me if you can,

As for the creek I slide.

When I come back, my wife she scolds

Like anything possessed,

“But not a wave of trouble rolls

Across my peaceful breast.”

I kiss her on the dimpled chin,

And tell her we have fussed

Our last. I love through thick and thin

When buckeye blossoms bust!





The dust off of my Bible knocked,

I read. I love to keep



The story fresh how David rocked

Goliath once to sleep.



Not much for Scripture argument,

I think I understand



The heavenly message that is sent

'To cheer us through the land;



The resurrection now I see

In countless rising things—



The butterfly, the buzzing bee,

The bird on glancing wings.



I holler hallelujah! hear,

And hang me. if you must,



Along about the time 0’ year .

When buckeye blossoms bust!





FLOWERS IN VERSE AND HISTORY.





 





BY ALONZO RICE.





"Spake dfull well. in language quaint and

en,



One who dwelleth by the castled Rhine,



When he called the flowers, so blue and

golden,



Stars.i that-in earth‘s firmament do

3 he.”





So sang our own Longfellow. Flowers

have always been a favorite subject with

all writers of verse; nor has there ever

been a poet, simple or sublime, who has

not adorned his verse with these speci-

mens of nature‘s cunning workmanship.



Cicero says that “in the triumphal pro—

cession of Rome, the streets were strewn

with flowers.” And in the battle of Regil-

lus we are informed that the victors

walked the flower-decked streets.



The amaranth and the laurel were con-

secrated -by the ancients to immortality

and glory. The ancients covered the

brows of their gods with amaranth. The

laurel was the highest prize of the ancient

games. PoetS, philosophers, warriors and

statesmen were crowned with it. Plu-

tarch was offered the laurel wreath at

Rome and Paris. and he accepted it, the

senator who placed it on his head saying,

“This is the meed of virtue.” ‘



The Greeks and Romans cultivated flow-

ers to a great extent. All of their feasts

were attended with floral ceremonies. A

festival of gameswas instituted about 500

years after the founding of Rome, called





 

 





'_ THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





One of the duties of Aurora" was to scat-

ter dew upon the flowers.



A deity of the Germans, supposed to be

identical with Saturn, is represented as

carrying flowers in his hands. Crishna,

one of the Hindoo gods, flings about syl-

van flowers.



Among the eastern nations, flowers and

perfumes were formerly considered ‘ex-

elusive luxuries for the higher classes, and

the Persians almost worshiped them. Per-

cival says,





“In Eastern lands, they talk in flowers

And they tell in a garland their loves

and cares;

Each blossom that blooms in their garden

bowers,

On its leaves a mystic language bears.”





The custom of crowning a bride with

flowers is of ancient origin The Egyp.

tians performed this ceremony, as well

as the Romans. The following is a de—

scription of a bride of the people: “The

bride was dressed in a long, white robe

with a purple fringe; her face was cov-

ered with a red veil, and her head was

crowned with flowers. On arriving at the

house of her husband, she found woolen

fillets round the door posts, which were

adorned with flowers and also annointed

with the fat of wolves to avert enchant-

ment.”



In Wales, it is customary to strew flow-

ers in the path of the bride when she goes

to church. Of a nuptial ceremony in the

East, a writer says,



“—And fair bands





Of younger girls, strewed with lavish

hands



Violets o’er the mosaic floor,



And sang while scattering the sweet





store.”



The Swedes also decorate their brides

with flowers. The Persians and Asiatic-s

bind pomegranate blossoms on the brows

of their females, when newly married, and

in this country orange flowers are the

usual tokens of a bride.



The violet is a modest flower, but the

poets have sung enthusiastically of it.

\Yhile it pleases by its retiring beauty. it

possesses the additional charm of the

most exquisite of all perfumes, which, in-

haled with the pure and invigorating

breezes of spring, always brings back in

remembrance a lively conception of that

delightful season.



The jessamine, also, with its dark-green

leaves and little silver stars, saluting us

with its delicious scent through the open

casement, has been Sting and celebrated

by so many poets that our associations are

with their numbers, rather than with any

intrinsic quality in the flower itself.





The daisy, next to the rose, appears to

have received the most attention from the

poets. Formerly it was termed the “e 'e

of daie,” and under that name Chaucer

speaks of it. According to classic ac-

count this little flOWer owed its origin

to Belides, one of the dryads, the nymphs

who presided over woodlands. It is fabled

that whilst this damsel was dancing with

her favored suitor, Ephigenus, she at-

tracted the attention of Vertumnus, the

guardian deity of orchards, and it was to

shelter her from his pursuit that she was

transformed into the daisy.



The rose has been acknowledged by all

antiquity to be the queen of flowers. It





 





 





and frequently represented Cupid offer-

ing one to Harpocrates, the god of silence.



From the sunflower to the pimpernel

there is scarcely a flower which may not

be considered highly poetical.





THE TULIP TREE.





 





BY MRS. M. E. S. CHARLES.





On the rich bottom lands of Ohio and

Indiana, as well as in some parts of

Michigan, grow the most gigantic tulip

trees in the country. With their crowns

lifted 150 feet into the air, their trunks

straight as shafts, throwing out strong,

far-reaching limbs, and the whole grand

frame-work clothed with lustrous foliage

and flowers, the trees look more like

strays from the tropics than natives of

the soil.



The tulip tree (Liriodendron tulipifera)

has a wide range and has impressed itself

upon public attention in various ways.

Consequently it has many names. In the

Atlantic states it is called "yellow poplar,"

and further west, “poplar.” The color

of the wood has also gained it the name





 





(16) 375

the terminal bud, and its contents show

all parts of a flower—or, if the tree be

too young to bloom, the little leaves are

revealed, packed away to wait the coming:

of spring. During their infancy these

oddslooking leaves are shielded with pe-

culiar care. At the base of each one are

two large stipules. When the tiny leaf

slept in the bud, it was folded lengthwise

down the middle, and then bent over on

its stalk, till its green blade was com-

pletely upside down. These stipules then

covered and protected it from the cold.

But everything must be paid for in some

way, and the tulip tree's leaves have sac-

rificed their tips, it seems, to secure an

extra warm covering, for botanists at~

tribute the peculiar form of the leaf to-

the arrangement of the bud.



The flowers are clear green with dashes

of orange, and their form is like that of

the garden tulip. They are held erect on

the stout limbs, like candles on a Christ-

mas tree. In-May and June they are at

their best, furnishing nectar for countless

bees and other insects. The flowers are

followed by curious, tone-like seed pods:





 





The Peculiar Leaf and Blossom of the Tulip Tree.





of “whitewood.” Because the Indians

made their dug-out canoes of its trunk,

the early settlers of the middle west

called it “canoe—wood." But from the

shape of the flowers the name “tulip

tree" seems most appropriate.



This tree is indicative of rich soil. In

the early history of the country it was

one of the largest and most numerous of

our forest trees. From an economic

standpoint it is of great value, and this

high value has led to its practical ex—

tinction. But the freedom with which it

groxvs indicates that it would repay cul-

tivation. _



A grove of young tulip trees is beautiful

in the dead of winter. It is not hard to

find the old seed tree, whose offspring,

of various ages and sizes, stand in close





ranks. A young tree standing in the

open, is singularly straight and sym-

metrical. The shaft is tall and gray and





 





 





a





..Q





 





Labor and Recreation on Board a Fighting Ship—Scrubbing Decks and Enjoying the “Smoking Camp.”





Floralia, in honor of Flora, the goddess

of flowers, whom the Greeks worshiped

under the name of Chloris. Flora was

married to Zephyr, who granted her the

gift of perpetual youth, and constituted

her the goddess of the floral realm.

Bacchus was emblemed by the vine,

Venus by the myrtle and the rose, and

the goddess Ceres by poppies and corn.





 





is mentioned by the earliest writers of

antiquity. Herodotus speaks of the double

rose; in the song of Solomon the rose of

Sharon is mentoned; and allusion is also

made to the plantation of roses at Jericho.

Isaiah uses the blossoming of the rose as

a perfect emblem of joy and felicity.

The ancients regarded the"rose as the em-

blem of silence, as well as of love and joy,





smooth, crowned with an oval head of

ascending branches, clean and handsome





throughout. The winter twigs, with their

oblong, terminal buds, are well worth

looking at. The leaf scars, left by the





fallen leaves, are prominent, and a nar-

row ridge encircles the twig at each scar.

Spring tells the meaning of these lines

when the leafy shoots unfold. Cut across





made up of many scales. As these dry

in the autumn winds and frosts, they

draw apart and the cone becomes a lily-

like cup—the ghost of a flower. Under

some of the cone—scales, but not under

every one, there is a seed. These are

scattered by the winds and in protected

places often the seedlings appear in great

numbers.





 





THE INDIAN LEGEND OF THE

SPRING BEAUTY.





 





BY HOPE DARING.





All nature lovers are familiar with the

spring beauty‘s (Claytonia Virginica)

loose clusters of pale pink blooms. Some

of the flowers are white with pink veins,

and the I‘OSE-COIOl‘ed ones are veined with

a deeper shade. The Indians call this

flower Miskodeed, and give the following

account of its origin:



Pcboan the winter, sat in his lodge,

alone. Before him burned a small fire.

Without, the earth was vovered with snow

and the wind howled and shrieked, tossing

about the icuilcss branches of the trees.





The old man slwpi. He was awakened

by the pushing aside of the deer-skin that

hung in the doorway of his Wigwam. Ho

Straightt-in-d his Iltlli form, suddenly

aware that his tlrc had burned low, yet





the air that smote his l‘IIt'('I{ was mild and

warm. In the doorway stood a young

warrior, his fat-e uslow with gladness.

“Enter, my ’ I’o-Imzln cxufaimed.

“You are welcome. From whence did you





son.’





com c ‘3‘ ’

“From the far sonihlund. There the.

fields are green, the streams sing and





dance along in their pt-hhly bod, ‘dlld the





flowers gem the forest paths.”

The old man shook his hoary head. “I

love this land lu-IIM'. Here I have





strength and power like unto that of the

good manitos. “high I lift my voice in

command, the streams stop in , their

courses and grow hard, the blossoms die,





and all nature trcmbles.“

The stranger laughed, and the sound

was sweetest music. “My way is best.





\""on I call, the plants come forth from

their hiding place, the wild birds wing

their way to the land where I rule, and

the meadows wave with blossoms. My

way is best.”



Peboan shrank back.

0 stranger?” he asked.



“Wait a. little, and you will know, 0

winter,” the young stranger said in a

grave tone.





“Who are thou,
376 (16)





Silence fell between them. The night

had passed, and outside the sunlight t‘ell

athwart the land in a flood of gold. A,

robin perched upon the lodge and. at‘ the

sound of his chirruping notes, Peboan

shivered and groaned. His voice was

stilled; his body shrank, growing smalle.‘

and smaller. From his long white hair

water dripped.



Suddenly the stranger arose. On his

lips was a smile, and his eyes shone like

stars. He lifted up his voice and cried,

“I am Segwun, the spring and l have

come into my own."



He spoke but to the empty air. Pehoan

had vanished. 0n the tloor of the earth

Where he had crouched grew :1 cluster of

the pink-blossomed Miskodeed. the flower

of Segwun. Then had come



“The Spring with all its splendor.



All its birds and all its blossoms,



All its flowers and leaves and grasses."



THE DUNCE'S RETURN.

RY MARY ROLOF‘SON.



“John made the worst blunder today.

Everybody laughed."



“I didn‘t." muttered John sulkily.



“VVell, it was one of the worst. anyway.

One of your worst; and you are worse

than any of us."



“Well, well," said Mr, Clark, “that don't

sound just right. What's the matter

with you, John?"



“Nothin’.” _



“I want you to brace up and make me

“proud of you. . I'm getting tired of your

lagging behind the rest of your class."



“I’m going to some. day," said John with

considerable spirit. “You just wait. I‘ll

Show you, and I'll show them giggling

girls, and them bragging, big-headed boys,

that I'm as good as they are."



“Don't put it off too long," said his

brother; “they won‘t all be here to enjoy

the show if you wait till you are one-

twenty."



“That reminds me of a story," said Mr.

Clark. “it's got a moral to it. and I

reckon, boys you'll see plainly enough

what the moral is.



“\thn I was young I know a fellow

who was ctmsidert‘d dull and stupid. lie

was not Very good at learning his books,

though he was fairly quit-k at learning

how to do any kind of work that ho took

an interest in. The tat-t was. he nevt-r

I‘Gitlly [l'lt‘tl‘ lo R'Pl his lessons; llt- did

not care lllllt'll whether he had them or

not. The boys and girls usI-d to laugh at

him, just as your st-hoolmzttt-s do at you,

John. Sometimes he was angry at them,

and sometimes he was doggedly deter—

mined not to care. And lllt‘i't‘ were times

when he was stung into a resolve to heat

Hunt at their own name. to outstrip them

ill lllt‘ l‘ut‘t'. Bur it is hard to l‘lSt‘. :Ilmvt‘

people's t‘\]|l‘('litll(ll1 of you. oh. .lohn'.’

They had labeled him tlllllt't‘. and ht- would

not choose but to act the part. The bonds

of habit were strong upon him, too, and

he drifted along from term to term after

the some oid fashion. '



“ ‘lf 1 could only get away from lit-re.’

he said to himself one day, when his old

resolve was throbbingr in his breast: ‘if I

Could only get into a new place, among

new faces and new surroundings, I could

begin all over again and lH‘L’jll right. if

I \\.t.\‘ W‘llt'l‘t‘ I would Ilt‘\'t‘l' in: thought of

US the South School l)llllt:t‘. .‘llltl nwvvr he

reminded ot‘ my old failures, 1 would 4))

sonwthing in the world and he s'tlné‘li-rlifl'



"The opportunity to L14) away did i. .'

come for some little time, but awi A

few years th’s young follow i'ountl inns

in a WUSlt'l'n town \vht-re not a soul ll\- i





who had (Aver heard of his boyho .: dais.

Not one of them knew whether he had

l)(“t‘ll a dillN‘t‘ or not. llt‘ was giro-ted





with a hearty ‘good morning, Mr. lilank.’

when he started out to his work in the

morning, and nobody laughed at him nor

prophesied that he would come to naught.

And this kind of treatment. together with

his old resolve, made a man of him. lie

prospered in his business and he made

hosts of l‘rit-ntls. He married a lovely

girl, took her to as pretty and as comfort-

able a, home as tho llt‘St of them lived in,

and it grew merry with the laughter of

happy boys and girls.



“(mt-e in a while_ and oftoncr as the

years went by, the man thought of his old

home in the far distant east. IIe remem-

‘bercd Ned lillll £111 and Andrew and all

the fellows whom he had been to school

with. llc llushcd with shame at the

thought of some of his failures; he grittcd

his teeth as he thought of thc taunts he

had heard cast after him: and he laughed

and tossed his head proudly as he thought

'how he would like to show them that he

had done as well as they. He did not

know how well they had done. He had

heard nothing from most of them for





years. But he did not need to know. He





THE MICHIGAN FARMERJ A





felt sure that he could ‘hold his own. in

comparison with the best of them. 'He

wished some of them would happen to

come to his town and see for themselves

how he had succeeded. But none of them

Came.



"As his hair began to whiten he longed

more and more to go back home. He





wanted to see the boys again, and he”





wanted to show them that he was not a.

dunce, afer all. So one day he took his

stately wife, and his beautiful daughters,

and his tail, fine—looking sons, and a

Wealth of elegant clothes, and pictures of

his homc, his office and his farm, with

pictures of the church he had helped to

build. the schoolhouse he had donated

liberally to and the library that was

named after him, and he went back to

the home of his youth.



“il'ould Ned laugh at him now? Would

Bill? “'ould Sally and ’Mandy Jones?

No, they never would. Alas! They would

never laugh at anybody any more; nor

would Dan, or Lizzie, or Fret or others

of that long list of schoolmates and com-

panions. \Vhile he had been striving and

achieving. death had Mahmud them. Oth-

ers on that list, like himself, had gone to

towns and cities far away. Some he

could not trace. But in the town that he

had come back to visit with so much pomp

and pride not one was left. His triumph

choked him. A sob filled his throat. To





them, his old—time comrades—ms many as '





were left of them——he was still, and al.

ways would be, what he had been—the

dunce. They would never know that he

had struggled onward and upward until

he had reached the heights.



“Sadly he took his family and his closely

packed trunks and turned his face toward

the west again. He did not care for the

people who were left in the old town.

They were nothing to him and he was

nothing to them. His success or failure

would make no especial impression on

them. To them he was merely a white-

haircd old man and there were plenty of

them in the world. To be sure, every old

man had a past. but what sort of a past

his might have been tl‘d not concern

them."



Mr. (‘lark paused and a sigh escaped

his lips. llt‘ looked at his boys.



"That‘s the story," he said; “now the

moral."



“’l‘lutt‘s easy. said Frank.



"You see it. don‘t you John?"

Clark, ignoringr Frank's words.



“0 yes; it's plain enough. You are

preaching at me. I suppose I deserve it,

though."



"\Yt‘ll, this is the lesson I learned from

the Story. 11‘ you want to have the re-

spt-t-t of your fellow—men you must do the

best you can, and do it all the time. 19-

nhout tomorrow, or next year.

won‘t do any good, {or nobody knows

what will happen to you or to them before

that time comes. lit-gin now to do what

you ought to do, and to be what you

ought to he, and then keep on in the same

way. You didn‘t hall” try. John, did you,

now? I leave it to you."



"No, I didn't. it didn't seem worth

while. But I guess it is. I‘m going to

do my best from now on, father.“





H





asked Mr.





Suites





 





Tan KS.





 





Spell the names of seven well-known

birds with the letters in the notice in the

above picture, using no letter more than

once. There will be one name with three

letters, one with four, one with five, two

with six, one with nine, and one with

eleven letters. ’



Kink ll.—Double Acrostic.



The first and last letters of the five

words defined below name a character—

istic and annoying feature of last month’s

weather.



A fungus or plant disease.



An eminent Italian painter.



Stem of a certain kind of palm.



Fair. sincere, honest.



To worry. provoke or distress.



Kink lll.-—-—Reversions. ,



]. Reverse a kind of fish, and get a

boy’s name.



2. Reverse a word meaning “to dam-

age,” and get a domestic animal.



3. Reverse something ladies use in



(Continued on page 377).





 

 





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Estab. 1855--55 years of success--22 big stores-

over 700,000 customers throughout the U. S.





 





 





 

 





 





 

 

 

 





HARTSHORN

SHADE ROLLERS





Bear the script name of

Stewart liartshorn on label.

Get “ Improved," no tacks required.





Wood Rollers ’l‘ln Rollers

ASENTS—S333O A WEEK





 





W vnot'make it?



Q] , _, 319110 HWOOd‘t did

n mic-mm i e wri es-—-



“M“ b .. Hurry u 100





lot in a days—

best sellerIever

saw " Hun





 





 





'5 ‘ :g , oi agents colnln

if a _ nun.- ~ Munoz—$5.6

worth 0 tools for





the price of one. \Wonderful invention—drop forged

from finest steel. Nickel Plated all over. Astonishing

low price to agents—1,200 ordered by one man. Get our

rid confidential proposition quick. Sample free—-

on t delay—experience not needed—write at once.

THOMAS MFG. 60., 2245 Wayne 53., DAVTON.0|HO





 





Grow Mushrooms

For Big and Quick Pnflts.



I can give practical instructions

worth many dollars to you. No matter

what your occupation is or where

located, get a thorough knowledge

of this paying business. Particulars

free. JACKSON 110811800! A38.

5575 N. Western Ave, Chicago, Ill.





 





Let Me Siari You in Business i

I will furnish the advertising.mstter and the plans.

I want one sincere. earnest man in every town and

township. Farmers. Mechanics. Builders, Small

business man. anyone anxious to improve his (on.

ditiou. Address Commercial Democracy. Dept. D 30, Elm-in, Ohio.





‘ F' hB' Wm

wolves,any



. IS lte um... i. 0,.



use MAGIC FISH LURE. Best fish all;

ever discovered. Write to-day and get a





box to help introduce it. Agents wanted.

J. F. Gregory, Dept. 563 Bt.Louis. Mo





PATENTS wonn FORTUNES





inventors: Bend 6 ate. for our Valuable Potent Books

ll. S. a A. B. LAC“, Dept. 89, WASHINGTON, D. 0. Est 1869





‘ Hen Wanted—To we foruext B'lway Hall.



Internal Revenue, Customs it Postofiice exnm'

motions. to .125 monthly. Common education

sufficient. nfluence unnecessary. Preparation free.

Write immediately for dates and places of 00mins

exam's. Franklin Inst, Dept. S’. 48, Rochester. N.Y





 





 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

   

   

   

   





   

   

   

 





Iii Nature’s realm they lived and toiled.





And built their homes with hope and 503-“.





Where they their happy moments knew





Far from the city’s busy throng





And never lifeless forms of clay





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER. ‘ (m. 377





 





 





 





OUR YOUNG MEN’S COLUMN. 3

M “A“





SPRING WEAVES' AND STYLES.





 





Styles in spring clothes show an even

more decided tendency to stripes than has

been the case in previous seasons. The

colors are also in even greater variety,

thus affording the widest range for the

individual fancy in selecting clothing for

spring wcui‘. The business suits are cut

with coats of medium length, the tlircc-

button suck still being the prevailing style

of cut with rather long lapcls with a soft

fold, and with the square or box effect

prevailing.



In most of the materials the stripes are

rather wider than last season are made

up in either plain or fancy designs to suit

the tastes of the individual wearer, the

plainer styles as usual predominating.

The lighter materials for summer wear

show greater eccentricities in designs.

The light storm coats are cut in ulster

style and permit buitoning up to the col-

lar, leaving the latter in its natural posi-

tion thus making the best possible pro:

tection from dust and storm. The mate—

rials for these coats also have the usual

stripe although not so pronounced as in

the suitings for spring wear.



The better makes of made-up spring

goods show a. liberality in the use of ma-

terial which makes for comfort and good

appearance in the garment, both in suits

and storm coats as well as in the shorter

overcoats for spring wear. In fact, the

better makes of ready-made clothing have

a greater degree of the style which form-

erly was the distinguishing feature of the

tailor-made garment, so that today even

the most fastidious, young man can sat-

isfy his ambition for good clothing as

well by patronizing the up-to-datc clothier

as by Visiting the exclusive tailor.



The soft felt hat has retained its popu-

larity for spring wear although caps will

be worn to a greater extent than ever.

doubtless on account of the increased use

of the automobile and their greater utility

for such wear.





 





 





(Continued from page 376).

making their toilets, and got a word,

meaning “to clip.” 3



4. Revci'sc a word meaning “to sends

forth," and got one meaning “season." ‘



5. Reverse the home of certain kinds

of animals and get a boy's name.



6. Reverse uu org-nu of the body and

get a girl's name.



. Reverse one who violates truth, and

get “to abuse.”



8. Rcvci'sc a dog's name and get a

domestic animal.



9. Reverse a. will] plant and get a part

of a ship.



10. Rcvcrsc a measure of distance and

get a place, when: the Children of Israel

camped.



Prizes for Straightening Kinks.—To

the sender of each of the ion neatest

correct answers to ull of the above Kinks,

we Will givc clinic.» of a package of 50 post—

cards of general interest, an Atlas of the

World, or a book. “A Trip to the North

Pole.” “'hcro contestant or some member

of his family is not a regular subscriber u

year’s subscription (750) must accompany

answers. Answers must not reach us

later than April 29. as correct solutinlis

will be published in issuc of May 7.

Address auswci‘s to Puzzle Dept, Mich-

igan Farmer. 1



Answers to March 5 Kinks.



Kink 1.—-What Am l?r-'l‘lic letter “S."



Kink ll.—Transposition.-—Thc word is“

“stop;" thc transpositions (1) tops, (2).

pots, (3) spot. (4) post.



Kink lli.—Men.——Manage; mandate;

mangle; manifest; manaclc; manufacture.

March 5 Prize Winners.



Prizes for correct solutions are awarded

to the following: Ira M. Courson, Alvah

B. Churchill, Rhoda Parkinson, C. H.

Randall, Ben Gillett, Frank Sperry, Ed-

ward Mahoney. Olive E. Davis, Arlene



M. Putnam and Mrs. J. L. Thompson.





 





 





FASHION’S DEGREE.





 





BY HATTIE WASHBURN.





Ay, wear them there where all may see,

Above the brow of pride;



Our feathered friends who but for Show.

Have sutfered, bled and died.





They were the guardians of our fields,

Companions of our toll,



“"110 at Dame Fashion’s stern decree,

Became the hunter‘s spoil.





0, better that their bleeding forms

Had sank upon the ground.



And left the task to time alone,

To form the solemn mound.





They made our woods with music ring.

They caroled on the plain; ,

By lake and stream, on mountain's crest.“

We heard their sweet refrain.





 





Arose on gladsome wing,





Within the tide of spring.





Ah. there should be their rest,





And ladies richly dressed.





Upon sweet Nature’s breast. to lie

Where winds are slghing low,





 





Are made an idle show.





 





- , 7%};

%£2 / ‘l'Hs‘sn,

" “/55.“- J W: .

If, “ll/”l" L9 «i as:

\\





 

 





- .- \\ Tam



. i w 31,11, .

will . > ~ '

\_\‘i





luv ,, LEADING LADY SHOES





There are no other shoes at pepular prices

that in any way compare with these classy,

fashionable, good-fitting shoes. They are made

on lasts that insure the utmost comfort, yet

give your feet that trim and stylish look.





 

 

 

 





 





shoes combine style and wearing qualities to a degree that '

easily makes them the most popular, dressy and serviceable

ladies' fine shoes obtainable, at a cost no greater than ordin.

my shoes. Your dealer will supply you; if not, write to us.





To he sure you get the LEADING LADY,

look for the Mayer Trade Mark on the soles.





FREE— if you will send us the name of a dealer who does

not handle Leading Lady Shoes, we will send you frec,post-

paid, a beautiful picture of Martha Washington, size 15 x 20.





We also make Honorbilt Shoes for men, Martha Wash-

ington Comfort Shoes, Yerma Cushion Shoes, Special

Merit School Shoes and Work Shoes.





F. Mayer Boot & Shoe Co.





Milwaukee, Wis.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

   

 





 





 





 





THE JomNSTo “CNfNEA’dBNTxL’INDER





[is perfect work in all kinds of grain, and under all conditions, in all grain-growing coun-

tries oi the world, and its ability to produce results, has made its reputation world-wide. It

is strongly constructed. light. accessible, easily operated, clean-cut, cosy running, perfect work-

ing grain binder, reduced to the simplest and most dependable form. meets every requirement.

Four sizes-5 ft., 6 (L. "L. and 8 ft.. with or without tongue truck. Every binder fully guaranteed.



We are the original independent

firm, have no connection with soy

trust or combine.



Send today for our FREE

1910 Catalogue and Book- _’ _ 3.. 3 jj‘



let. Drops postal today. ”q/ .

. JOHNSTON



HARVESTER C0.

Box 105-3 Bsisvis, N. Y





 

 

   

   

 

   

   

   

 

   

 

 

 





 

 

       

   





 





 





 

 





   





‘WHEAT‘ GROWING

OUT IN THE UNION PACIFIC COUNTRY

BEATS EASTERN TRUCK FARMING.





Two hundred acres of blue-stem wheat out in the Union Pacific

Countryw Oregon and Washington~will make a man rich in five

years’ time. Farming is a business out here, and the farmer does

things in a big way. He uses an eight-horse gang plow that

turns over a four-foot strip. Harvesting is done in the same

big way, and the crop is worth from 75c to a dollar a bushel

right where it is grown. Blue-stem wheat is essential to

perfect flour blending, and as no other part of the country

can raise such quality, it is a specialty in this region and

brings from five to ten cents per bushel more than any

other wheat.



Blue-stem wheat, raised in the Klamath Falls (Ore.)

District, took two first premiums in the “World's Class” at

\the National Corn Exposition, Omaha, December, 1909.





Some Eastern truck farmers get bigger returns per acre, but even the

best of them are dwarfed by comparison with the far West wheat growcr's

retums—handling things as he does in a wholesale way.



It is worth your while to study this‘rblue-stem wheat country for yourself.

Take a trip‘out into the Union Pacific Country'Oregon and Washington.





Travel Via

- Union Pacific

“The Safe Road to Travel”





Electric Block Signals. Dining car meals and service "Best in the World.”

Low Colonist fares will be in effect March 1 to April 15, inclusive. 1910.





 

   

   

   

 





 





 

   

   

   

   

 





 





   

   

   

   

   





For literature and other information, address





E. L. LOMAX. General Passenger Agent

Union Pacific R. R., Omaha, Neb.





   





 





 





 





 





33.1.3733... FISH Brig; ngfimwm sail"?





 





Am Hookah“ ch... Peon-7 sad Bio-s M-

mmmmu_ Waders My“ GEAR“. “~wm

s... ucethem.Wri0e





ENTION THE MICHIGAN FARM!!! when





”M5Mhdmhintmd

JAPANESE NOVEL" 00.. Bani. 39 Clinton; ion. “rm". to “woman.
378 (18)





WOMAN AND a.

as HER NEEDS





 





 





 





WANTS TO HEAR FROM READERS





One Women Doesn’t Want the Editor to Do all the Writing.





 





Dear Editorz—Many years ago, we had many correspondents for our House-

hold and many different subjects were discussed, with much profit and pleasure,

but of late, there seems to be only one or two articles in tltis department, most of

them by the editor herself. I wish we might again hear frotn the old familiar

friends and that some of the newer ones would give us ideas of their own, in

regard to household duties. I was unfortunate enough some weeks ago to 'get

mud stains on a panama suit and. although I have tried several ways of removing

them, I have not been successful. \Vill some one. kindly suggest a. remedy? I

also want to ask the women if they ever drive into town since the advent of

automobiles? I used to enjoy this pleasure so much, but lately I have either had

to stay at home or walk, unless the men folks had leisure to take me. I am sure

I do not know how we farmers’ wives are going to relieve the situation, but if we

talk enough we might make the owners of autos at least willing to keep out of

our way. Not a minute's pleasure do I have while riding, for my eyes are con-

tinually looking behind, or glued to the road ahead, expecting to hear the unwel-

come honk, honk, of the autoist‘s machine.



Homer, Michigan. MRS, B,



I am giving this letter prominence because it voices my sentiments. too. “'11)?

not write to The Farmer occasionally and give us the benefit of your thoughts and

experiences? “'0 want to give you \\‘ll;\i you want. but if you never express your-

self in any way. we can not tell whether we are filling your requirements. If you

are pleased with an article, why not drop us a line and say so. If you want

articles on certain subjects. write and ask for them. If you want the opinions of

our readers on any question that is puzzling you, ask your sister readers for ad—

vice. \Ve want this department to be just what its heading signifies, a place for

women to air their needs and have them satisfied.~lild.





THE POPULAR IRISH CROCHET. ~—





 





 





 





Formerly Worn by Exclusives—It Is Now In Reach of





Everyone.





The revival of crochet lace in the past called sprigs, which are in many shapes,

few months has been heartily welcomed shamrocks, of course, roses, stars, but-

by many a woman who loves to devote tcrllies, leaves of all sorts, medallions,

her time to that. to some. absorbing fans, anything the worker can construct.

work. Crechet needles which had become The sprigs are “11 made separately, then

rusted thru disuse have been brot out, basted carefully on strong white paper or

and everybody has gone to work to pick a glazed calico or cambric. They must be

up forgnthfl “ppm-g, very carefully busted, and then joined



New designs have shown themselves, together by a filling of simple crochet





and of these the most beautiful is Irish bars. Under no circumstances must a.

crochet. For years we have been forced sprig be unsewed from the cambric until





10 pay big prices for this most beautiful the filling is completed.

of hand—made laces. but now, thanks to a= a: t:

Yankee ingenuity, the secret of making it You have noticed in Irish crochet that

has been learned by a few enterprising the sprigs are heavy and thicker than

Americans. They, for filthy lucre. have the filling. This effect is secured by using

passed on the art to lnany more, and two cottons, a. heavy cord and a fine

these in turn to still others, so that to- crochet cotton. The stitches are taken

day, Irish crochet lace is within the reach around the heavy foundation cord, thus

of any clever woman, instead of being a padding the sprigs,

thing of beauty to be worn by the fctv For instance, in making the. simple rings

and coveted by the many, you see in so many Irish crochet patterns,

\Vhile Irish crochet looks difficult, it is this foundation cord IS wound around the

really very easy for the woman or the finger and double crochet stitches done

girl who knows the ordinary crochet over it very closely, the last stitch being

stitches, and is quick at picking up new joined to the tirst. A line steed crochet

ideas. Our old friends, the plain chain hook is used in doing the work.

stitch or single stitch, double stitch, and * * *

treble stitch occur. Then there is the The iirst illustration shows some of the

double treble, which is made by taking sprigs which are used in building up the

the thread twice over the needle and lace. No, 1 in this illustration is the

dropping the stitches two by two. Picot simple ring, the manner of making which

is made by taking four double stitches, has already been described. No. 2 is the

then five single stitches and joining the simple ring with picots; wind the founda—

last stitch to the first. tion cord around the linger, work four

The lace itself consists of pretty designs double over it, then make a picot, which





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.»





is done by taking five single stitches and

Joining the last to the first, and proceed

until the foundation cord is covered. Join

the ends as in the simple ring.



The filling which connects the sprigs is

ilmstrated by No. 3. It consists of chain

stitches and pieots. A shamrock leaf is

the fourth figure. This is started at the

center; work 18 double over the founda-

tion cord and join the last to the first;

then work three times alternately, one

double and thirteen treble, joining to

every sixth double of the center ring.

Finally, for the stalk, work 18 double

stitches over the cord, turn and work

back 18 double on the first row.



I t t



In Fig. 5 we have a rose. \Vind the



cord twice around a. mesh and work 18





 





APRIL 2, 1910.





.





on the first ones) Then work 20 double





over the cord and join to the fifth stitch ‘





on the ring. Turn, over the cord work

one double, 23 treble, one double, join to-

the first stitch of the last curve. Turn,

work three times alternately, six double,

one picot, then six double. For the small

curve, work 20 double over the cord and‘

join to the fifth following stitch of the!

center ring. Repeat from *



A pretty round sprig is shown in Fig.

7. For the center, make the rose already

described. First row, two single, one-

picot, one single, one pieot, two single,

one. double on the middle treble. Repeat

for second row, join between the tWO'

double of first row. Third row, six single.

one double on the single between the-

pieots. Turn, three single. On the six.





A Handsome Collar Made of Irish Crochet.





double over it to form a ring. For the

first row, work six times alternately,

three single and one treble on the third

double of the ring. For the second row,

six times alternately on the three single,

one double, four treble, one double. For

the third row, work six times alternately,

four single. one treble on the side stitch

of the treble of the‘first row. Fourth

row, work six times alternately on the

four single, one double, seven treble, one

double. Fifth row, six times alternately,

five single, one treble on the side stitch

of the third row. Sixth row, six times

alternately on the five single stitches, one

double, ten treble, one double. Seventh

row, six times alternately, six single,

one treble on the side stitch of the treble

of the fifth row. Eighth row, six times

alternately on the six stitches, one dou—

ble, thirteen treble, one double.

Medallions are shown in Fig. 6. To

make them, work 20 double over the cord

to form a ring and then work 20 double





 





single work five treble. Turn, three single.

live treble on the preceding, one single,.

one picot, one single, one double into the

double of the preceding row in which 1

double has already been worked, then two

single, one picot, one single, one picot,

two single, one double between the two,

picots ot‘ the preceding row. Fourth row,

alternately, two single, one picot, one.

single, one picot, two single. Join to the-

first and to the last treble of the last

row or on the chain stitch between the

pieots.



An eaSy lace is illustrated in Fig. 8.

“'ind the cord round a mesh twice and

crochet four times, seven treble, one

picot and join to form the center ring.

For each sprig, work over the cord three

times, 28 double, join to the fourth cen-

ter treble. Turn, three times alternately,

28 double on the last ones. Turn, three

doubles on the last ones. one picot. Re-

peat five times. For the edging, alter-

nately, one double (in the picot, five

single. \York a second row, one treble,

one single.



A handsome collar is shown in the sec-

ond illustration. To make a collar, first

work your sprigs in any design you

choose. Then outline the collar on strong

white paper or glazed r‘tlllt‘O or cambric,

arrange the sprigs on this foundation and

join together with a filling of chain

stitches and pieots.



XVhen your lace needs washing it may

be done at home. if a little care is exer-

cised. First mark the design carefully

on a piece of white muslin, then soak

the lace in thick soap suds until the dirt

is loosened. squer-ze thru a soap lather

several times and rinse in clear water.

Do not rub or pu.i it. “hen the soap

is all removed, fasten it to dry on the

outline you have prepared so as to keep

it in shape. Then put to dry between

muslin. Before ironing. pull out all the

edges and pit-ms with a pin, dip a small

sponge in a solution of white gum arabic

and rub the lace lightly, lay over it a

bit of muslin and iron with any good

smooth iron.





THE HELPER.





 





BY EUGENE c. POISON.

Faith’s guidance is not all; the chiefest

part, '

That helps allay the great world’s pite-

ous needs,

Gushes from one sole fount——the human





ear ,

That speaks alone in deeds





 





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0,”, / «-
....,,a, . flaws... Q._..





... a... W





. ewe.-- .





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APRIL 2, 19110} ‘-





THE POTATO’I’S VALUE AS A FOOD

. AND MEDICINE.





 





BY mas. ALTA L. LITTELL.

EXT to wheat, the great American



N vegetable food is the potato. For-



tunately for us we are not entirely

dependent upon it,,like the poor Irish

peasants who, we are told, have little else

to eat and must consume about ten

pounds of potatoes daily in order to get

sufficient nourishment. For, while the

potato is a good food, it is not rich in

nourishment as it contains about 75 per

cent water. Of the remaining 25 per cent

18 or 20 per cent is starch, about two per

cent protein and the remainder salts and

woody fibres.



The preponderance of starch in potatoes

makes it a fine food to combine with pro-

tein, and that is why we always serve

potatoes with meat. The salts in the po-

tatoes are of value in warding off scurvy,

so much so that potatoes are called the

“anti-scorbutic” vegetable, or the vege—

table which does most to keep the blood

free from a tendency to scurvy. It is

claimed that in Norway where the people

Were once greatly afflicted with scurvy,

they are comparatively free since the in-

troduction of potatoes. So this vegetable

has a medicinal as well as a nutritive

value.



As the salts found in potatoes are of

so great value, the question arises as to

the best method of cooking to retain these

salts. Baked potatoes, where the skin is

not removed or broken would of course

retain most, so baking is considered a

good way of cooking. Of course, in stews

where the water in which potatoes are

cooked is eaten, one gets all the salts, but

one can not be always eating stews or

baked potatoes. The question then arises,

should they not be boiled in the jackets

and the jackets removed after cooking?

This is answered in the affirmative by

many. authorities, especially as the nitro-

geneous matter, or protein, is found just

beneath the skin and is frequently re-

moved with the thick parings so many

cooks take. Others ‘get around the mat-

ter by advising cooks not to pare the po-

tato, but to wash well and scrub off the

outer skin, after which the potato may

be boiled. Potatoes ‘should always be

boiled rapidly in salted water, if this way

of cooking is decided upon.



Comparing their nutritive value with

bread, potatoes are found wanting, one

pound of bread containing more than

three times as much nourishment as one

pound of potatoes. The potato is not to

be classed as an unimportant food on this

account, as nature requires variety and it

would be foolish to try to eat only those

foods which contain most nourishment.



Potatoes should not be fed to children

under one year of age as potato starch

is more difficult of digestion than either

wheat or rice starch. When baby is old

enough to have a starch, wheat in the

form of toast and crackers, rice or barley

are preferable to the potato so many

mothers give the child. pAfter one year

potatoes may be given, but in summer

when old potatoes are poor and the new

ones not ripe it is often necessary to omit

them from baby’s bill of fare as they fre-





quently cause indigestion and bowel

trouble.

(Mrs. Littell will galdly answer any





questions pertaining to foods and dieting.

——Eds.)





 





 





SHORT . CUTS TO HOUSEKEEPING.





This department is opened as a

means of exchange of new and suc—

cessful ideas in homemaking. If you

have learned something in cooking,

Sewing, child raising, fancy work,

economy, anything which is helpful,

and new, send it in. Twenty—live

cents will be paid for every article

used, but none will be returned. Keep

your suggestions short.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Dear Editor2—Here are a few Short cuts

which I have found helpful. If you can

not have the latest up—to—date rack to

hang beside the kitchen stove for your

kettle covers, take a wire toaster and

fasten so it will not fall too far apart and

you will have a fair substitute. .



Have two or more pieces of sewmg on

hand at the same time. You can gossip

and baste together and be ready for the

machine work when alone.



A dainty pin cushion hanging to the arm

of the sewing machine saves needles and

time.



Fasten a scrap bag under the sewing

machine and there will be no need of

picking up bastings and clippings from

the floors—E. L., Vernon. ~





THE MICHi-G

When you want mush and milk for sup-

per start it after breakfast in a basin in

the usual way. Let boil about five or 10

minutes, stirring constantly. Then set

basin in a kettle of hot water and cover

tightly. Leave on stove till supper time

when it will‘ be found to be thoroughly

cooked with but very little labor. A sort

of hard skin will have formed over the top

which must be pulled off before sending

to table. '





When making curtains to be hung on

small brass rods, make the casing large

enough to slip a thimble through. Then

slip thimble over end of rod and it will

not tear curtain. When doing up panels

used on glass doors, wash in usual way

then slip on rods and hang in place

after washing window and they will be

stretched evenly.—A Reader.



(Will “Reader” please send name and

address?—Ed.)





When all out of ink and no one going





. to town very soon, use blueing, as I did.





———Mrs. J. F.





The old-fashioned way to hull corn is

by the use of wood ashes. Use one cup

of ashes to three quarts of shelled corn,

and water to cover. Tie the ashes in a

clean cloth and boil until the hulls come

off. Then rinse corn through several waté

ers and cook in boiling water until ten-

der. Yellow corn is liked best by most

people.





HUME QUERIES EXBHANGE.





Dear Editorz—In reply to Mikado's

query how to rid a house of bed-bugs,

will give my experience. I have cleared

two houses within the last five years. It

will 'be much harder in such a. house as

she describes than in one which is plas-

tered, but I think that with persistent

efiort she will eventually win out. The

bed bug is a wood tick; in many parts

of the country living in the bark of

trees. It draws its sustenance from the

wood when it cannot get the blood of peo-

ple or birds, therefore the only effective

remedy is something that will poison the

wood. Kerosene, gasoline, etc., only kills

those it touches. Sulphur will only

stupefy them and they will be as lively

'as ever as soon as the fresh air touches

them. Dissolve five cents worth of c0r~

rosive sublimate in a quart or more of

turpentine and apply to all the cracks,

with a feather, at least once a week.

Keep this solution out of the reach of

children as it is deadly poison. For

mattresses or bedding use formaldehyde,

and cover tightly. I use this with a

feather also but with at least one window

open. It affects some more quickly than

it does others. Oil of cedar will keep

them out of boxes and trunks and does

not evaporate as quickly as formalde-

hyde. Bcdbugs are the worst pest a

housekeeper has to deal with and it is

only persistent effort that will rid a house

of them.—K. E. I... Honor.





‘Dear Edit01‘:7—As I had the experience

with bedbugs I am willing to tell others

how to get rid of the posts. Take cor-

rosive sublimate, 3 oz., and wood alcohol,

1 pt. apply with a feather. If the wall

is papcred remove it; close the room

tightly for 24 hours; air well before sleep~

ing or using the rooms, and repeat every

two weeks. Turpentine is also a sure

cure if applied On them directly—Mrs.

D. H., \Vhite Cloud.



Ella E. Rockwood:~I make all my soap

hard and soft and like it better than fac-

tory-made. It goes much farther. It is

cheaper to make it and besides that, I

like to make it. VVOtlld hand you a piece

if I could. Beside that, I would teach

you how to make it.—Mrs. D. H.





 





 





Hm“

DENATURED FRUIT,





BY GER'I‘R,UDE MC KENZIE,





Speaking of the promise of the Depart-

ment of Agri'cultureto produce puckerless

persimmons, the Philadelphia Inquirer de-

mands the evolution of a peach that will

not give a person the idea he is eating'a‘

flannel shirt when he takes the first bite.

—News Item.





Oh! the puckerless persimmon may please

A dcilltainlrmlrl and women.

n .ie pusuess )each i . ' -

Th delphia folk: I p ease Phlla

ey may sigh for somethin 0' ‘

but isn’t there a danger g strangel.

That we'll push experiments beyond a

Joke?

Peaches may no more be luscious when

they haven’t as much plush as ‘

They now possess, to rub against our

tooth, ,

And persimmons without. pucker may be‘

better for a sucker; .

But denatured fruit may prove a snare-

forsooth! ’





I





AN 'FARMER.‘ . as» 379





Haste and Waste ,





Stop and think for a moment the

next time you are about to buy soda,

crackers.





6/ Instead of hastily buying soda

crackers that go to waste because

broken, soiled or soggy, buy





J Uneeda

"y Biscuit





J in separate five-cent packages. Soda





 





crackers in large packages soon be-

come broken, stale and unpalatable.

On the other hand, Uneeda Biscuit



. in handy, moisture proof packages





\.__.._/





are always fresh, clean, crisp and





(\ whole—not one wasted.





\_‘__—-—f-/





\





(Never Sold in Bulk)





NATIONAL BISCUIT COM PANY





 

 

 





 





 





Q3





:6





 





READ THESE





ROOFING

BARGAINS





.. _. and Remember That We Sell

153;; 1 *‘ f l . ’ 5? , A ‘- _ Only the Most Dependable

»" fig}! ‘1 ’7’, ‘ 1;,”572 Grades of ROOFING





 





,1

and.





 





Dealers' Our

Prices Prices





$|.00 Rolls of Two-Ply Tarred Felt Roofing. containing 108 square feet ' $0.54

L50 Rolls of Asphalt Felt Composition Sandcd or Rubber Roofing - - .39





2.00' Rolls of the highest grade of wool felt asphalt Best-ov-al Rubber

Roofing - - - - - - - - - - - 1.25





2.75 Rolls of the highest grade of wool felt asphalt Best-ov-al Rubber





 





Roofing - - - - - 1.50

3.50 Rolls of the highest grade of wool felt asphalt Best-ov-al Rubber 2

Roofing - - - - - - - - - - - - .80





 





 





 





Send for These Free Samples and

This Free Roofing Catalog





It quotes the very lowest prices on every kind .of

roofing, showing also a full line of steel roofing.

painted or galvanized finish, at prices 25 per ccnt

below market quotations. Every rooting sample is

marked with the number and price, making it easy

f01‘ You to compare values with what you can obtain

locally. Our Roofing Catalog tells exactly why we

give you better roofing for your money than you can

obtain elsewhere.



Writeyourname and address plainlyinthccoupon

below and as soon as we receive it we will send you

by return mail our free Rooting Catalog and our

complete line of roofing samples.





 





ill—Woo





LT ' "1|“!li LOH ‘\

’ “Dimes "





 





 





Sears, Roebuck and Co.





 





 





 





 





 





 





P. 0. Box No. 7 Street and No.





Sears, Roebuck and Co.,_—Ghicago.





 





 





Roofins— 0. a Mich. Farmer Chicago, I”. g'

. 21‘

Name a ‘

I

at

Postofficn 5 g

3

In

R. F. D. No. State E

5

e

5 .

9





Please mention the, Michigan - Farmer, when you

are writing to advertisers and you will do us a favor.
WASHBURN-CROSB Y C0.

Minneapolis, Minn.





Gentlemen:—





Kindly send me

as a reminder of Gold Medal Flour. I will ask for your brand next time





I order flour.





 





 





I buy my flour from





 





Town

MFAPRI 0.





 





Yours truly,





 





State





 





 





Town

Th]. coupon void after Oct. 1. 1910.





 





W O M E N

We believe the use of GOLD MEDAL FLOUR would prove a satisfaction

and saving to every reader of this paper.





Therefore, we ask you to note carefully the above advertisement,

study the wording of the brand, and when you next buy flour insist

that your dealer give you Washburn-Crosby’s GOLD MEDAL FLOUR.





In order that you may become thoroughly familiar with our brand,

we will be glad to send to the women reading this advertisement

one of our GOLD MEDAL FLOUR Tape Measures, enclosed in handsome

case, which will prove not only a reminder of GOLD MEDAL FLOUR

but a very useful article forthe work-basket or sewing kit.





Fill out the coupon at the end of this page and mail to—

Washburn—Crosby 00., Minneapolis, Minn. , ’ _
APRIL 2, 1910.77 _

CONThlBUTED RECIPES.





* Merliig‘ues. ,



Whisk the whites oftfour eggs to a high

froth and stir in a half pound of pow—

dered sugar, ’fiavored with vanilla or

lemon. Whisk again and then with a

tablespoon lay the meringues on letter

paper, about half an inch apart. Place

the paper containing. the meringues on a.

piece of hardwood and put them in a quick

oven, but do not close the oven door.

When they become .yellow take them out.

Remove paper carefully from wood and

let them cool for two or three minutes.

Slip-a thin knife under one meringue, turn

it into your left hand, take another from

the paper in the same way and join to—

gether the two sides which were next the

paper. The soft inside may be taken out

with the handle of a small spoon and the

shells filled with jam or jelly, then joined

together as above, cementing them with

some of the mixture.



' Apple Meringue.



Spice and sweeten apple sauce. Beat

in two or three eggs. Pour into pudding

dish and bake quickly. When well crusted

cover with meringue made by whipping

the Whites of three eggs with a little

sugar. Shut oven door and brown them

slightly.





 





Chocolate Custard.



Pour, two tablespoonfuls of boiling wat-

er over two ounces of grated chocolate.

Let it stand near the fire till perfectly dis-

solved. Put into a pint of milk mixed

with a pint of cream, a pinch of salt and

three ounces of sugar. Let it simmer 15

minutes. Add by degrees yolks of four

well-beaten eggs and stir to a froth while

it thickens, then pour out to cool.



Old-Fashioned Dishes.





Jenny Lind Cake.



Cream two cups of sugar and half a

cup of ‘butter. Add a cup of sweet milk

and two eggs. Sift in three cups of flour

and two teaspoonfuls of baking powder.



White Sponge Cake.



Beat the whites of eight eggs to a stiff

feathery froth. Sift a little baking powder

with one and a half cups of sugar and

one cup of flour which has been previously

sifted four or six times. Add a pinch of

salt and bitter almonds flavoring. Bake

slowly.



Dutchess County Cup Cake.



Cream one and a half cups of sugar

with a half cup of butter. Add two yolks

of eggs and nearly a cup of milk. Sift in

two cups of flour and two teaspoonfuls of

baking powder. Add the beaten whites

of two eggs and bake in cups or muffin

tins. ; These little cakes are exceedingly

delicate.



Celery Soup.



This is a delicious soup that is easily

prepared and cheap. Take half a bunch

lofmcelery, using root and outer stalks.

which are the strongest in flavor. Boil

these about three—quarters of an hour

with a little chopped onion. “'hen soft.

press it through a sieve and add a pint

of milk. When about to boil add a table-

spoonful of flour and cook till it thickens,

stirring all the time, and at the last add

a tablespoonful of butter. Serve with

croutons of bread or oyster crackers.



Milk Soup.



This is especially nice for children's

lunch. Take a cupful of mashed potatoes

and add pepper and salt. Take the yolks

of two hard-boiled eggs and rub them to-

gether with half a cup of butter. One

quart of milk, scolded, but not boiled,

into which a tablespoonful of flour has

been stirred, is added to the potatoes.

eggs and butter, and well heated and

stirred. A bit of chopped parsley and





strips of toast about the length and width





of your finger make an agreeable addi-

tion. It is pretty sometimes, just before

you serve it, to grate on the surface the

yolk of a hard-boiled egg.



Dutch Doughnuts.



Beat to a cream one scant cup of butter

and two cups of sugar. Add two well

beaten eggs, then stir in two cups of milk

that have been scalded and cooled to

lukewarm. Mix with flour to a moderately

stiff batter. beat well and add one cup

of good home-made or brewers‘ yeast, or

one compressed yeast cake dissolved in a

little tepid water. Beat thoroughly, ad—

ding, if necesary, a little more flour. Rub

the surface with a little melted lard.

cover closely and put to rise over night

in a warm place. In the morning the

mass should be double its bulk. Turn

out on to a well floured board. roll out





about an inch in thickness, then with a





round cutter stamp out in small cakes.

With a sharp knife cut a slit in the side

of each cake. and insert a raisin or bit

of any sweetmeat. Dip the fingers in

water and press the dough together over





the" fruit. Roll lightly in flour again, let

the balls rise a few moments longer, then

fry in a kettle of deep fat. Let the cakes

c‘ook about ten ’minutes, turning with a

wire's‘poon. Drain on brown paper, then

roll in powdered sugar, and when cold

pack away in a stone .crock.





CONCERNING WINDOW SHADES.





 





BY E. E. R.



.Not the least important among house

furnishings in both the exterior and inte-

rior effect are the window shades. if

these are of good style and quality, well

hung and provided with fixtures which

operate easily and smoothly it adds to

the comfort and convenience of the in-

mates, while not a little insight into the

character of the home may be gained by

the casual observer from the. outside.



In selecting the material, preference

should be given to a standard color, such

as dark green or brown, both popular at

the present time. Occasionally a cream

tint may be chosen, but unless for their

lightening effect upon the interior, a

darker color is best. '



For those who wish a light color on the





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





 





 





interior the duplex shades are a blessing.:

These Show a dark color on the outside:

and light inside. They cost a littleg

more than the one color curtains but theyi

add so much to the appearance of the

room. one feels repaid for the extra,

money. 1



Much of the wearing qualities of a win~f

dow shade depends upon the firmness of‘

its texture. In this it is true economy to

get the best, since an inferior article will

'soon crack and look shabby. The most

prolific cause of cracked shades. by the

way, is the careless manner in which they

are sometimes treated. It is entirely pos-

sible to so misuse them in the matter of

rolling up as to break the glaze with which

they are coated, causing a crack which

soon means a hole, even in the better and

most expensive grades. “'atch the man-

ner in which some people approach a

blind to raise it, and note the quick up.

ward jerk, supposedly intended to assist

the spring, but which, in reality, does

nothing of the sort but, rather. hinders its





 





action. This motion will sooner or later

cause a break in any shade, and nothing

is more unsightly than a window cover—

ing which is crossed and re-crossed with

cracks which show so plainly against the

light. 'To raise a shade having the usual

spring rollers. it should be given a slight1

downward pull just sufficient to release

the catch, when it will roll itself up to the

desired height. Anything more than this

is unnecessary and actually injurious to

both shade and fixture. ,



When a good shade fixture can be,

bought for ten cents it seems foolish to.

be bothered with those which do not work.

I believe there are many homes where a

complete set of new fixtures would mean

a great saving in time and temper to

those who operate them. Acting on this

suggestion a sensation of relief and sat-

isfaction is sure to result, for what is

more exasperating or more trying to one‘s

nerves than a window shade that refuses

to move when expected to do so?



Sometimes a little tinkering is all that

is required to change a refractory spring

into one that works smoothly. Roll the

shade up and remove it from the brack—

ets. Examine the ends of the roller. See

that the ratchet is in working order.

Sometimes the tiny catches get out of

place and do not hold as they should.

Read the instructions pasted on the roller

describing how to control it. I remember

once putting up a fixture With the brack-

cts reversed, the left one on the right side

and wondering why it did not work.

After fussing with it for some time I had

decided to put up a new one when my

eye caught the slip pasted on the roller

telling how to hang it. ‘



Old shades may be given a new lease

of life after they begin to look shabby,

by turning them end for end. Remove

from the roller and make a hem for the

stick in the end where the tacks were.

Rip or cut the old hem and tack it to the

roller. Always use the same tiny tacks

or similar ones, at the end-where the





 





 





 





KODAK





means lasting fun for the boy on the farm—itoften

means profit to the farmer in the photographing of

crops and stock—it always means pleasure for

the Whole family.





Every step in picture making is simple by the Kodak system. No dark-room.





EASTMAN KODAK CO..





L IN' 1’1’4.’ . I

can!” f “H” 389 State sc, ROCHESTER. N.Y.





dealer: or by mail.





   





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





   





." l'ln in? t' ' - .

l ' rim-nun. _.

ll ‘ ..





’r"





 





 

 





__ 2t





. z

..__.—...-;I i

. - t .

' I; I’.’ /’m,, 2.

\





/ Plenty of Water Anywhere





at small expense if you have a good pump about the

house and barn. '



Goulds Pumps are unequalled for ease of operation

and capacity. They outwear and outwork other pumps

because made of better materials and by workmen who

have made pump-making a life study.



We make hundreds of different styles—a pump for every

kind of service and the name “Goulds” is cast on every one.

Don‘t waste time and money on a cheap pump.



Our Free Book. beautifully illustrated “ Water

Supply for the Home " tell! about {Jumps and

pumping. Semifor 2t and we flow it lzzts your case



The GOULDS MFG. CO.

86 West Fan St" Seneca Falls, N. Y.





   

   

   

   

   

 

   

 

 

   

   

     





 





 





spring is located. for longer ones would

interfere with its action. This makes

practically a new shade. The tacks must;

be so placed as to hold the curtain per-,i

fectly true else it will not roll evenly. If,





it runs off at one side remove the tacks, Don't Throw itAw

i





and try it again.



Shades may be painted, if not a desir-l

able color originally. Spread them flat;

on the floor or table and apply paint the

same as for wood work. Allow one side!

to dry then go over the opposite side.

When re-‘hung they will have the Zip

pearance of new.





 





 

 

 





“ENTERPRISE”





“48,6303er CHOPPER ,





making. It acmally cuts anything that. goes through it—

meat. fish. vegetables. fruit. etc. Strong and simple. Made ,-

ln 45 sizes for hand. steam. and electric power. N o. 5. small

family size. 81.75. N o. 10. large family size. $22.50.



Also makers of “ ENTERPRISE ” Bone. Shell and Corn

Mills, Sausage Staffers and Lard Presses. Coffee Mills. Raisin

Seeders. Fruit. Wine and Jelly Presses. Cherry Stoners,

Cold Handle Sad Irons, etc.



The “ ENTERPRISiNG HOUSEKEEPER " contains

over 200 recipes. Sent anywhere for 4 cents in stamps. .

The Enterprise Mtg. Co. 01 Pan. Dept. 42 Philadelphia, Pa., I





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Look for name

“mmmsr on

machine you buy.





 





 





 

 

 





EVERYTHING for the AMATEUR





Photographer is listed in our 128- age illustrated

catalogue. Free on request. All c latest Kodak





The! mend all leaks in all utensils—tin 1 800d"





brass copper.graniteware.hotwoterbaga '. Sweet Wallach 8: Co. 4 W

etc. lilo solder. cement. or rivet. Ani one LarIgest Retailers 0; plmgogsed 32:33:. "I.





_ can use them: iii: any surface: two mi lion

in 1:88. Semi for sample kg.10c “ ' ‘ -

"H W ALWAYS mention the MICHIGAN FARMS!

when vou are ruling to advertisers.





/ Docs Your Granite Dish

/_//' or Hot W'ate' Bag Leak 7





 





 





@

é





 





.u , t. . on'h ‘ .

Collette mg. 00..Box ".173 “:3.
Ii





 





 





 





'GRANGE ,





Our Motto—“The Farmer. is of more

consequence than the farm, and should be

first improved.”





 





'A'Ac A





 





 





TH E APRIL PROGRAMS.





 





State Lecturer’s Suggestions for First

, Meetln .



Select reading, “A Little Child Shall

Lead Them.”



Farm arithmetic problems.



In the Home—I. Common molds.



Why is it worth while: 1. To test seed--

corn? 2. To treat potatoes for scab? 3.

To spray for fruit? _



Roll call, responded to by each member

giving suggestion on vegetable or flower

garden making.



Music and recitation in charge of the

chaplain.





Suggestions for Second Meeting.





“There is a perfection of the hedgerow

and cottage, as well as of the forest and

pala.ce."-—Ruskin.



Farm Business—V. The coming census:

1. Why a farm census is good business

policy. 2. What questions will the gov-

ernment ask?



Select reading, “A Tree."



What kind of trees, shrubs and vines

shall we plant on Arbor Day, and where

can they be obtained?



Roll callz—How make our home and

school grOunds more attractive or health-

ful this spring. ~ ,



Question Box, conducted by the women.





 





IT’S PLANTING TIME AGAIN.





 





The program outlines for the present

month point as unerringly to the recur—

rence of the annual planting season as

does the return of the bluebird or the ap--

pearance of “spring fever” symptoms.

It's seeding time once more and the boun~

ties of autumn rest, in large measure,

upon the thought and energy displayed

now. Likewise the pleasure and comfort

of our children and our children’s chil-

dren depend, to a greater extent than is

generally appreciated, upon how well the

duties of this month are performed, \Vhile

the more pressing work must receive at-

tention first, it would sct‘m that no one

can afford to let this momh slip by with-

out doing something to make the home

and its surroundings more attractive and

satisfying. Neglect in doing this little

becomes all the more inexcusable when

we consider the wealth of material at

hand in this state, as brought out in the

article on Michigan Flora, which appeared

in this department last week. The enu-

meration of our native trees, shrubs and

flowers is especially timely just now, since

the extinction of some of our rarest trees

and plants may be prevented through their

use in beautifying and improving the

farm home, in making the school premises

more habitable and in adorning the

grounds about the Grange home. Surely

with nearly 90 different varieties of trees

indigenous to Michigan, and with wild

shrubs, vines and flowers without number,

no one should want for opportunity to

exemplify the Arbor Day spirit.





MICHIGAN FLORA.





 





(Concluded from last week).



Owing to the uniformity of surface in

the lower peninsula of Michigan the flora,

is much the same throughout, probably

about three-fourths of the plant life being

common to all sections. True. the differ-

ent species are more abundant in f0.'!l‘1

localities than in others. but this Ci. ..

ence is due to soil rather than if. afi-

matic differences.



Many native plants are rapidly chang-

ing from one place to another. Also

weeds and other plants in large numbers

have been introduced frOm other states

and countries. .



Our trees are not noted for their size

as in California, but in Oakland county

a tulip tree is reputed to have furnished

5,060 ft. of lumber, while on the Muske-

gon a white pine scaled 9,000 ft.



Many different kinds of fruit trees and

shrubs are raised in Michigan. Huckle-

berries grow on uplands or in swamps.

Blackberries and raspberries are raised

in many portions north of the central

part of the state. The former used to be

found in abundance in the old pine slash-

ings, the variety apparently being ex-

cellent, they were so large and juicy.



The peninsula may be divided into the

hard and soft wood sections, one repre-

senting the Appalachian fiora, the other

the Canadian. The former, or hardwood,

section lies south of latitude 43 degs. and

consists of very fertile sand, clay or loam

soil mostly cleared of the original forests

and nearly all cultivated. Our best wheat

farms are usually found on uplands near





 





streams where the oak timber gradually a





fades into beech and maple.

The pine country proper covers about





 





I





15,000 sq. m., being made up mostly ‘of

hills and plains either clothed with a

scanty amount of vegetation or thickly





,covered with forests of pine. The com»





mon timber of the barrens is jack pine.

This is straight and symmetrical, the

trees often rising 60 ft. in the air and

they are often found In groves made up

of this species alone. On these jack pine

plains, and on many portions of the sandy

stump lands of the northern counties, are

two species of sedge found on dry land

and called, by the residents of those dis-

tricts, grasses. Statements have been

made to the effect that such sedges are

very nutritious and that cattle get fat

on them early in the spring. But accord-

ing to an article in “Beal on Michigan

Flora” cattle prefer leaving sedges to

grow all summer. They will remain green

under the snow and in the following

spring the cattle devour the year-old

sedges and do well on them.



The shade of the deep pine woods al-

lows but little undergrowth, consequently

only such plants as love thick shade, as

the club mosses, round-leaved orchids and

a few ferrs thrive there. In more open

places and on ridges we find the winter—

green and trailing arbutus.



Michigan has a large number of plants

that produce honey of good quality. In

the fall asters and goldenrod are good

bee-plants, because some of the species

of one or the other are found in nearly

every locality, but the same varieties do

not everywhere throughout the state fur-

nish a great amount of honey. As a

usual thing the showy flowers with an

odor are honey producing and will be vis-

ited by bees unless the flowers are of

such shape that the bees cannot reach

the food. Our open low lands furnish a

large amount: of bee pasture and some of

the field, garden and orchard crops a

fair amount.



Emerson had a notion “that a weed was

a. plant whose virtue had not yet been

discovered." But, as a rule, farmers

are of a different opinion. A new country

is quite free from weeds, but the older

the country the more bothersome are the

weeds. XVeeds usually are distributed

through grasses, grains, and clovers

which are drilled or sown broadcast. They

are also introduced through the packing

around fruit trees, crockery, castings, etc.

Such packing material should therefore

be burned promptly,



Under the head of native poisonous

plants. we have poison sumach, poison

dogwood, poison ivy (which, by the way,

has three leaflets instead of five), or

poison oak. Besides these there are two

species of nettles, although they are not

poison to all persons.



The ivy is perhaps the most trouble-

some as it is often found on dry land in~

stead of in swamps. The roots, leaves,

and flowers of medicinal plants are fre-

quently poisonous if eaten in great quan-

tities, but fortunately such plants are of

such an unpleasant taste or smell that

the danger is not so great.



The most promising field for the botan-

ist evidently lies in the Houghton Lake

region and northward, and in the upper

peninsula, many parts of the interior of

which are botanically unknown.



The native plants are fast disappearing

as the country becomes more settled.

The wild flowers grow less numerous as

the plow and harrow find their way from

field to field. The woodman’s ax and the

forest fires are doing their part rapidly

in laying waste the once magnificent for-

es's. and it seems as though the time is

at hand when the people of Michigan

should wake up and take more interest

in forestry problems and in the preserva—

tion of many deserving species of trees.

shrubs and flowers which threaten soon

to become extinct.





 





Huron Grange, of Wayne Co.. initiated

16 at its last meeting. A well drilled de-

gree team from Belleville Grange con-

ferred the degrees.





Ionia Pomona met with Berlin Center

Grange on March 17 with an attendance

of about 250 representing the various

Granges of the county. Despite the fact

that the state speaker engaged was not

able to be present, it was the best

Grange meeting ever held at Berlin Cen-

ter and served to greatly revive the in—

terest in the organization. Both after-

noon and evening sessions were open to

the public, a feature of the latter being

a college play given by the Grange young

people which was thoroughly enjoyed by

the visiting Patrons.





COMING EVENTS.





District Lecturers' Conferences.

10April 2, Bay City, Y. M. C. A. Building,





a. m.

April 5, Pt. Huron, Union Hotel, 10

. In.



April 6, Flint, Court House, 10 a In.





May 12, Kalamazoo, Western Normal

School, 1 p. In.





 





 





THE MICHIGAN “Fatigues-R.





 





:jFARMERS’ CLUBS-





OFFICERS .OF THE STATE ASSOCIA-

TION OF FARMERS' CLUBS.’





President—B. A. Holden, Wixom.



'Vice-president—Mrs. C. A. Mathews,

St. Johns.



Secretary—Mrs. C. B. Johnson, Meta-

mora.



Treasurer—Henry T. Ross, Brighton.



Corresponding Secretary—Clayton Cook,

Owosso.



Directors—T. B. Halladay, Norvell; E.

C. Hallock, Almont; A. R. Palmer, Jack-

son; Wm. H. Marks, Fair Haven; C. L.

Wright, Caro; E. . Woodruff, Blan-

chard. —



Address all communications relative to

the organization of new clubs to Mrs. C.

P. Johnson, Metamora, Mich.





 





 





 





Associational Motto.—



The skillful hand, with cultured mind,

is the farmer’s most valuable asset.

Associaticnal Sentiment.—



The farmer, he garners from the soil

the primal wealth of nations.





INTEREST THE YOUNG PEOPLE IN

CLUB WORK.





 





At the March meeting of the Columbia

Farmers’ Club, of Jackson Co., steps were

taken to get; the young people of the

neighborhood actively interested in Club

work. Under ”Unfinished Business” the

report of the committee appointed to plan

some system of premiums for displays at

the club fair by the juniors, which report,

at the last meeting was laid on the table

for one month, was taken up for further

consideration. The report was as fol-

lows: -



The committee recommend Departmen

A, that first and second premiums be

given to boys under eighteen years of age

for the best display of vegetables, also

for the best display of corn.



Department B, first and second pre-

miums shall be given to girls under eight-

een years of .age for the best display of

plain sewing and fancy work, also for

the best loaf of bread and other baked

goods.



Department C, to any boy or girl under

eighteen years of age, first and second

premiums for best miscellaneous display,

including cut flowers, poultry, burnt

wood, photography, etc.



It is recommended by the committee

that first premiums be $1.00 and the sec-

ond premiums 50 cents. Children of club

members, under eighteen years of age,

shall be eligible to compete for premiums.

The report was accepted and adopted.—

Cor. Sec.



(This is in line with the plan mentioned

in this department in the last issue. In

this case it was adopted on the initiative

of this local club, the members of which

have seen and appreciated the benefits

to be derived from interesting the young

people in the club work in a special way

and at the same time interesting them in

the farm and its possibilities. The ex-

ample of this club is worthy of emulation

by other club organizations. There is

yet time to inaugurate such a plan in

every club in the state and the benefits

to be derived are more than sufficient to

inspire club members all over the state

to prompt action—Ed.)





CLUB DISCUSSIONS.



Home vs. School Training for the Girls.

—The Hadley and Elba Farmers’ Club

met in March at Pierson Stock Farm,

with Mr. and Mrs. Dewey C. Pierson.

The meeting was called to order by the

president. Mrs. Maude Pierson gave a

fine instrumental solo. Dr. Stewart gave

a splendid talk on “First Aid to .the In-

jured,” which was very instructive. He

spoke of remedies for wounds, burns,

drowning, etc, and answered hosts of

questions. Mrs. Kate Potter and‘Mrs.

Grant Stimson had excellent papers on

“Which is the most important, a girl’s

training at home or in school.” This

topic caused much discussion, and it was

generally conceded that while one sup—

plements the other, the home training

should be first. C, P. Johnson gave a

recitation and Miss Sadie McLeod favored

the club with a. vocal solo. The club now

has a membership of 60 families and

there was an attendance of 80 at the

March meeting. The next meeting will

be with Mr. and Mrs. Horace Kelch,

April 7.—Mrs. C. P. Johnson, Sec.



Concrete on the Farm was the subject

discussed by W. C. Weeks at the March

meeting of the Columbia Club, of Jackson

Co., who said: “It has come to be so

universally used on the average farm In

these days, that it is hardly a matter for

discussion. It is better for foundation

walls than stone. We use it for floors in

our barns, and are now making anchor

fence posts.” George Conover found

many uses for it but would not use it for

floor in the sleeping part of hog. pens as

it is too cold. Mr. Weeks was asked





what proportion of sand ‘and cement he

used for posts. His reply was, 7 to 1

below the top of the ground, and 3 to 1

above. Mr. Reading uses it to set anchor

posts of wood. George Friedrich said he





 





 





APRIL 2, 19-10.





had tried that, and it had=proved a, fail-





 





subject of “Water Supply in the Farm

House," which~he was to have discussed

at a former meeting, but was not able .to

-be there. He invited all those present

who were interested to investigate the

system employed in their house, and after

adjournment many availed themselves of





the offer. It was clearly demonstrated





that the farm home as well as the city

home can have a c0mplete system of

water supply with all its attendant con-

veniences.



The Rose Garden.—“The Care, Cultiva-

tion and Selection of Roses,” was ably

handled by M-rs.'0. A. Griffis, who said:

“The first requisite to success with roses

is thorough preparation of the ground.

In the selection choose only three-year-

oid field grown bushes. For insect pests,

she depends chiefly on pewdered hellibore

dusted on with small bellows, vigorous

pruning, cutting away at least a. third of

the last year’s growth and protecting for

winter by tying up with straw was about

the whole of her secret of success with

rosesf’



Government Guarantee of Bank Depos-

its’.—At the postponed February meeting

of the Maple River Farmers’ Club, held

with Mr. and Mrs. Floyd Reynolds, Hon.

A. B. Cook gave a talk on “Government

Guarantee of State and Savings Banks."





“Mr.” Cook thinks that the government





guarantee would be a great protection to

not only depositors but to banking inter-

ests in general. Others spoke on the

question. some believing that the postal

savings bank is preferable.



Wintering Farm Horses.——Frank Moore

spoke on "What is the Best and Cheapest

Way of Wintering Farm Horses.” Mr.

Moore gave a very helpful talk, advising

care in the selection of feeds to compound

a properly balanced ration. The cheapest

feed is not always the best. Mr. Moore

believes that the time is soon coming

when corn and alfalfa hay will be the

cheapest feed for wintering nearly all

kinds of farm live stock. ‘



Children’s Manners—"Do Children Re—

flect Manners of Elders?” was presented

by Mrs. Julia Moore in a thoughtfully

written paper expressing her belief that

children very strongly reflected the man-

ner of parents. The best school of the

child is the home and its parents are its

teacher. Mrs. Moore believes that par-

ents can not be too careful in training

their children as they will sometime reap

as they sow.



Feeding Horses for Spring Work.—At

the March meeting of the Burton Farm-

ters’ Club, with Mr. and Mrs. M. L. Peter-

son, W. J, Brookins told how he feeds his

horses for spring work. He believes the

horse should be fed on cornstalks (shred-

ded are better), with some corn and oc-

casionally a feed of bran all winter till

about the first of March when they may

be given hay and grain. beginning with

small portions and gradually increasing

as the work is increased. Horses should

be worked moderately the first of the sea-

son as they are more apt to be injured in

the spring. To harden the shoulders he

uses an ounce each of sugar of lead,

alum and sulphate of zinc. This amount

will make two quarts of the wash.



The Unwisdom of Worry.—Mrs. Fauth

read a thoughtfully prepared paper on

this subject. In part she said: “Worry

is the prevalent modern disease. Our

lives are composed of nine parts of happi-

ness and only one of sorrow. Work keeps

us alive, worry kills. When we mingle

with neighbors and friends we find we

have very little to grieve us compared

with what some others have. Variety is

the spice of life, in fact it is the salt of

life. A chance to see the world is better

than a sanitorium. A live, interesting,

active, vigorous life with plenty of the

gospel of play makes life worth living.



Club Buys Own Silverware.—The River-

side Farmers’ Club held its March meet-

ing with Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Wallace.

The club voted to buy six dozen silver

knives, forks, and spoons. They were

presented at this meeting and found to be

a great improvement over the old way,

each member taking their own silverware

before the purchase of‘new. A motion

was made, and accepted, to have a lim-

ited variety of food to be served at each

club, consisting of ten articles. besides

the drink, and anyone over—reaching this

agreement will be fined $1.00. The pro-

gram consisted of many good articles, and

splendid music. The secretary was re.

quested to read resolutions adopted by

the Gleaners, at their county meeting in

Corunna. Riverside Club adopted three

of the resolutions, which are as follows:



Resolved, That we declare ourselves in

favor of the local option movement in

Shiawassee county and pledge our best

efforts in its behalf. ,



Resolved, That we believe that the af-

fairs of our state have been administered

under false economy and we declare our-

selves for an honest administration of

public affairs by~which the people may

know the exact financial condition of our

state.



Resolved, That we believe many of the

legislative junkets to be entirely unneces-

sary. and an injustice to the tax-paying

public and ask that unnecessary expense

of that kind be eliminated.



The club meets in April with Mr. and

Mrs. Wright.——Rec. Sec.





BOOK NOTICES.



German Prose Composition. By Carl

W. F. Osihaus, A. M., Junior Professor of

German, Indiana University, and Ernest

H. Biermann, Instructor in German, Indi-

ana University. A graded text-book of

German writing, for high school and col-

lege use, based on' consecutive prose and

Intended to develop rapidly the student’s

sense of independence. Cloth, 12mo. 191

pp., with notes and vocabularies. Price

65c. American Book Company, Chicago.





Easy German Stories. Edited by Er—'





nest H. Biermann, Instructor of German,





Indiana University. This book contains-

eight short fanciful tales of great charmfl;





and freshness, which have not heretofore





been edited for American schools. Cloth, .4

16mo, 183 pages. Price, 36c. »_ American‘





Book Company, Chicago.





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THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





(Continued from page 372).



The interstate commerce commission

has decided in favor of the northwestern

millers in a. suit touching upon the rates

for flour from Minneapolis to New York,

_the rate being reduced from 23c per hun-

dred to 211,60, beginning May 10. .



The United States supreme court is now

considerin a claim of the state of Vir-

ginia agai st the state of West Virginia

in which the former asks that the latter

stand her portion of Virginia’s indebted-

ness previous to the organization of West

Virginia during the Civil War times. The

case is a very difficult one in as much as

a basis for calculating the proportion of

the indebtedness is difiicult to establish

Virginia is asking West Virginia to pay

about $11.000,000.



Forest fires have been raging in west-

crn Pennsylvania. A large army of vol-

unteers are fighting the flames which are

now partly under control.



A fire in a furniture establishment in

Chicago last Friday resulted in the death

of 15 persons. .



Business property valued at $200,000

was destroyed at Morganfield, Ky., on

Monday.



A resolution is being considered by the

United States senate providing for the

appropriation of $15,000 for a monument

to be erected to the memory of the late

Senator McMillan of Michigan.



One hundred and fifty persons were

rendered homeless and $200,000 worth of

property destroyed by a fire in the north

shore districts of Boston.





CROP AND MARKET NOTES.





Seuth Western St. Joseph Co., March

28,—W'heat very badly killed and the

very dry weather is bad for what the

winter failed to kill. Stock, where win-

tered on dry feed. is generally poor. It

looks as though the hog crop would be

light this fall as so far there has been so

many litters of pigs lost. Hay very

scarce: a great deal of corn fodder was

shredded and spoiled in mow and is of

little value. The silo fever is high and

there will will be a good many built this

year. Butter—fat, 30c, a good stimulant

Farmers are plowing and there will be a

good many oats sown this week if this

nice weather prevails. Potatoes very

cheap and hardly worth the handling.



Kent Co., March 24.—Thc driest March

on record, the lowest lands are (ll‘y enough

to plow and sow. Dry though it be, the

crops are already starting. A good rain

is needed. If present weather conditions

hold for the coming week many oats will

be sown in March. Fall plowed land.

corn stubble if clean from weeds, and





 





disk, which is coming in use more and

more every season. Farm sales are

plenty. Stock. grain and hay sell quick

and high; one litter of spring pigs to date*

sold at $5 a head.



lsabella Co., March 22,—At this writing

the snow has disappeared. with the ex-

ception of a few places where it was

drifted. Growing grain and meadows

have been damaged some by the freezing

nights and thawing days. They need rain





potato lands are in fine condition for the'





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at present as we have had but very little

rainfall for four months. All the milk

produced on surrounding farms for a num-

ber of miles back goes to the condensed

milk factory and they are doing a good

business. A chickory factory will be built

here at Mt. Pleasant this spring. Cows

and horses are very high. The outlook

for the farmer is good, with all farm

produce bringing a good price with the

exception of potatoes.



Gratiot Co., March ‘26.—What has been

with-out doubt the most remarkable March

in the history of the county will soon

close. The heavy snow that held on until

late February all disappeared before the

sun, and the roads instead of their usual

deep mud. dried off and the dust has

been flying for many days. Auto agents,

of course, are busy working the farmers.

Already many hundreds of acres of oats

are sown and should March close with

this fine weather, April will see but few

oats to sow. Grass is slow in starting

since there has been no rain. Wheat is

looking Well but a few good showers would

work a great improvement.





 





MICHIGAN CORN IMPROVEMENT.



An important line of work which will

be taken up by the newly organized Farm

Crops Department of the Agricultural

College at East Lansing. Mich., is the

improvement of varieties of corn which

are adapted to the different conditions in

the various parts of the state. Plans are

being worked out which should improve

the yield and quality of our best varieties

by careful breeding, but these plans will

not be put into execution until it is

known with more certainty as to which

varieties are most promising. and most

worthy of effort to improve them. It is

believed that there are many varieties





 





of strains of corn in the state which have

‘heen carefully selected for many years





which are well adapted to local condi-

tions, which have inherent tendencies to-

ward high yields and which would prove

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Tne Nerf/tern Pacific Xi?



extend: mta on tfirougr’z wat

Minnesota, Wisconsin, and

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Idaho, Was/tingle”, Orc— and

gun. Nrw, ric/z territory

being opened lip. 5y extm— you

mm now buz/dmg. T/ze





 





side the farm or ne‘ghborhood in which

they have been developed.



It is the desire of the Farm Crop De—

partment to bring out some of the best

of these native coms by comparative

tests conducted at the Agricultural Col-:

lege and several other points in the state,

and every farmer who has a corn which

is capable of making a. high yield of

shelled corn per acre. and which he

think is worthy of a wider distribution,

is urged to send a. Sample of two dozen

cars (by express) to the Farm Crops De—

partment of the Agricultural College, East

Lansing, Mich. This should be done as

early as convenient so that arrangements

may be completed for conducting these

tests in the various parts of the state.

Results of the tests will be available to

farmers of the state, and the best varie-

ties will be given a wider distribution un-

der conditions to which theyare adapted.

and they will also be used as, foundation

stocks in the‘corn breeding work of the

experiment station.





 





 





Homtseeétr’: C/zam‘e.’





 





 





 





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km





’3 . "‘





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farms scientifically, economically

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The irrigated lands in Montana, Idaho,

Washington and Oregon are cheap when





figure their productive capacity.





Farm units under U. S. Government

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The climate in the Northwest is a great inducement.





People are constantly buying

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The Scenic Highway Through the





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DETROIT WHOLESALE MARKETS.





March 30, 1910.

Gralns and Seeds.

Wheat—Every day of dry weather in

the wheat belt becomes a bullish feature

in the wheat trade. Conditions have

reached that stage where the plant will





 





 





be permanently injured and the coming





crop shortened by continued adverse

weather conditions. It was upon this

basis that the strength of wheat the past

week was maintained. On Tuesday, how-

ever, in certain sections of the southwest

wheat region the crop was favored with

rain and as a consequence prices weak-

ened somewhat. Nevertheless values the

past week were on practically the same

average basis as for the previous week

both as to cash grain and futures; the

rain, however, having a slightly greater

influence upon the latter. Farmers con—

t‘inue to market their holdings and during

the past week the visible supply increased

nearly a. quarter of a million bushels. No

interest is being taken just now in the

foreign trade. One year ago the price

for No. 2 red wheat was $1.27 per bu.

Quotations for the past week are:



No. 2 o. 1



Red. White. May. July.

Thursday ....1.18%, 1.18%, 1.1954 1.10%,

Friday





Saturday ....1.1 1.153 1.1.?) 1.00%

lionday ......1J8 118 119 1Joig

truesday ..... 1.1714 1.1714 1.18 1.0914





Wednesday ”1.17% 1.17% 1.18% 1.09%





Corn.—Corn values have changed with

the changes in the wheat market; there,

however, being a tendency to advance

more easily in this trade than in the

other. Prices will average a little better

than a week ago. The visible supply

shows a decrease of over a quarter of a

million bushels. With an increased amount

of moisture the consumption of corn will

be somewhat mitigated by-early pastures

which, of course, will make a bearish

feature of the trade. One year ago the

price for No. 3 corn was 671/20 per bu.

Quotations for the past week are:





No.3

u No. 3 Yellow.

Thursday 61

Friday .......... ..... .. ..

Saturday 61% 621,;:

Monday ............ ...... 62 63..

Tuesday ........... 611/2 621,;

Wednesday 62 631/2





Oats—«The conditions of this trade are

indicated by the quotations which show

a steady market throughout the week.

The weather has been favorable for an

early sowing of the new crop which ordi—

narily is counted upon as being an agree-

able condition for a good crop of heavy

oats. The demand is good. Supply is

limited. One year ago we were paying

570 for No. 3 white oats. Quotations for

the week are:





Standard.

Thursday ........... 47%,»

Friday .......... ..... .

Saturday 471/2

Monday ...... 471/2

Tuesday ......... ................. 471/;

W'ednesday . ..... . ...... 47%





Beans—There has been a further de-

cline in the nominal quotations for beans

here without bringing about actual tran-

sactions. Buyers put in no appearance.

Quotations for the week are:



Cash. April.

$2.10





Thursday . . . . .............. $2.08



Friday ..............

Saturday ..... . . . . . . . ....... 2.08 2.10

Monday .................... 2.08 2.10

Tuesday ................... 2.08 2.10

Wednesday ................ 2.08 2.10





Cloverseed.—There have been wide

fluctuations in the cloverseed market dur-

ing the week, prices advancing to over

$8.00 for cash seed and then dropping

back 50c or more. The market is very

active and there is a general demand from

farming sections for seeding purposes.

Quotations for the week are as follows:



Prime Spot. April. Alsike.

....... $8. $7.5





Thursday . . 10 $8.10



Friday ................. ...;

Saturday ......... 8.00 8.00 7.25

Monday .......... 7.75 7.75 7.25

Tuesday . . . . ...... 7.50 7.50 7.00

\Vednesday . . . . . . . 7.10 7.10 T 00





Rye.#Market dull and steady. No. 1

is quoted at 80c per bu., which is last

week’s quotation.



Visible Supply of Grain.

This week. Last week.

Wheat ...............27,620,000 26,798,000





Corn ........ 14,176,000 14,456,000

Oats 9,662,000 9.372.000

Rye . ........ 685,000 703,000

Barley ............... 2,734,000 2,815,000





Flour, Feed, Provisions, Etc.

Flour.—Flour market is steady with the

values given a week ago. Quotations as

follows:





 





Clear 390

Straight ......... .. . .................. 5.80

Patent Michigan ..................... 6.15

Ordinary Patent ..................... 5.95



Hay and Straw. Last week’s prices

prevail: Quotations are: No. 1 tim-





othy, new, $19; No. 2 timothy, $17; clover,

mixed, $17; rye straw, $8.50; wheat and

oat straW, $7 per ton.



Feed—Prices are steady on last week’s

basis. Carlot prices on track: Bran,

$27 per ton; coarse middlings, $27; fine

middlings, $30: cracked corn, $27; coarse

corn meal, $27; corn and oat chop, $25

per ton.



PotatOes.——This deal is just as dull as

ever. Good demands met by an ample

supply. Michigan grown are selling in

car lots at 25®30c per bu.



Provisions—Family pork, $296330; mess

pork, $28.50; medium clear, $28.30; pure

lard. 16c; bacon. 2010220: shoulders, 15c;

smoked hams, 181/2@19c; picnic hams, 14c.



Hldes.——No. 1 cured. 1014c; No. 2 cured.

911,0; No. 1 green bulls, 7%0; No. 1 green

calf, 140; No. 2 green calf, 13c; No. 1

No. 1 horsehides, $3.50; No. 2 horsehides,





cured calf. 1455c; No. 2 cured calf 18550;

$2.50; sheepskins" as to wool, mob”.

Dairy and Poultry Producto. ‘



Button—There has been a general feel-

ing in the trade that h her prices would

prevail this week but t 9, large markets

are quoted on the same basis as prevailed

a week ago with the exception of a, few

eastern markets where higher values are

given. Extra creamery butter is quoted

at 320; do. first. 31c; dairy, 22c; packing

stock, 20c per lb.



Eggs—This market has been quite flrm

throughout the past week in spite of the

heavy receipts. The demand is urgent,

due largely to the high prices asked for

other food stuffs. Fresh receipts, cases

included, are quoted at 210 per dozen.



Poultry.—-—The offerings of poultry are

increasing and in some grades the market

is quoted a little lower. Quotations are

as follows. Live—Spring checkens, 16%

(och; hens, 16%(0170: old roosters and

stags, 12(2213C; ducks, 16@170; geese, 13@

14c; turkeys, 17@18c. Dressed—Chick—

ens, 17fir18c; hens, 17@18c; ducks, 19@

20c; geese, 15c; turkeys, 20@24c.



Cheese.—Michigan, late made, 15@151/zc;

Michigan, fall made, 161/2@17c; York state,

1835c; limburger, Wisconsin, 18c, New

York, 19c; bricks, 181/4@19c; Swiss, do-

mestic block, 200; Swiss loaf, 22@23c,



Calves.—-—Lower. Choice to fancy, 121,5

@13c; ordinary, 11@120.



Fruits and Vegetables.



Apples.~—Market on last week’s basis.

Spy, $4154.50; Baldwin, $3.50@4; Steel red,

$5; Greening, $4@4.50 per bbl.



Cranberries.—Cape Cod berries selling

at $3 per bu.



Onions.-—Domestic, 80@85¢ per bu;

Spanish, $1.90 per crate.



Cabbage.———$1.T5@2 per bbl.



Vegetables.-—Beets, 60c per bu; brussels

sprouts, 25c per qt: carrots, 50c per bu;

cauliflower, $2.25@2.50 per bu; celery, 45

@50c per doz; eggplant, $2@2.50 doz;

green onions, 150 per doz; lettuce, hot-

house $1.50@1.75 doz; mint, 25@30c.pcr

doz; parsley, 25@30 per doz; radishes,

25@300 doz; spinach, 90c per bu; turnips,

500 per bu; watercress, 40c per doz; wax

beans, $4.50 per bu; pieplant, 45c per doz.





OTHER MARKET—s.





Grand Rapids.





Potatoes are bringing 10c at loading

stations, with movement slow. Dealers

are predicting 8c potatoes in a few days.

They say that all outside markets are

plugged full of stock and there appears

to be no ray of hope for any rally in the

market this spring. Within 45 days new

potatoes will be in from the south. The

egg market is firmer, local jobbers paying

the country trade 19@191/2c for small and

choice lots, while 18%0 is the ruling

price paid by the carload dealers for eggs

delivered here. Dairy butter is up 1c,

being quoted now at 24@250. Creamery

is steady at 31c. Dressed hogs are off

a fraction, prices ranging from 12@121/zc.

Carlot dealers in live poultry quote as

follows for stock delivered here: Fowls

and chickens, 14c; old cocks, 10c; ducks,

14c; turkeys, 16c; geese, 8c. Nice stock

in small lots will bring the following

prices: Turkeys, 18@2OC; chickens, 16@

17c; hens, 15@16c; ducks, 16@17c; broil-

ers, 1%@2 lbs., each 30@32c. No change

is noted in grain quotations.





New York.



Butter.—Creamery goods are irregular.

W’estern factory firsts, 22@231,§c; cream~

ery specials, 331/2c.



Eggs—Market is steady around last

week’s basis of prices. Western prime

quoted at 22%@23c per doz; do. firsts,

21%@22c.



Poultry—Dressed, quiet, with prices on

a par with tihose of a week ago. Western

chickens, broilers, 16@170; fowls, 15@

18c; turkeys, 20@23c.





Chicago.



Wheat—No. 2 red, $1.17@1.20; May,

31.13%; July, $1.07%.



Corn.——N0. 3, 60@60%c; May, 6314c;

July, 651/80.



Oats—No. 3 white, 42@45c; May, 440;

July, 42%0.



Butter.—Creameries are unchanged and

firm. Dairies steady. They are: Cream-

eries, 26@321/zc; dairies, 22@27c.



Eggs—Prices are improved a fraction

with demand excellent. Prime firsts,

211/20: firsts, 201/2c; at mark, cases in-

cluded, 171/20 per doz.



Hay and Straw—Timothy prices are a

little lower except for choice. Quota.





Elgln.



Butter—Market firm at 32¢ per 1b.,

which is the quotation of a week ago.

The sales for the week amounted to

456.200 lbs., compared with 434,900 for the

previous week.





 





 





 





 





Boston.





WOOL—The looal wool trade has prac-

tically ceased to be of any interest to

dealers because of the lack of stocks,

and further on account of interest in the

new cl‘ip which is now being taken from

the sheeps’ back quite generally in the

southwest and west. It is common

knowledge that holdings from last year are

well cleaned up the country over. The

attempt on the part of dealers in the

wool producing sections is t0'play a

“waiting game" by only giving what they

wish for early deliveries of wool. It does

not appear from the conditions which

apparently exist to be the part of wisdom

for farmers to sell their fleeces until

prices have reached a level in keeping

with the present supply and demand. It

will be remembered that a. year ago there

was a rapid advance in prices following

the early sales and those who held their

clip were far from being disappointed.

Conditions this year seem even more

favorable for such a rise than they did in

909 and well—informed farmers will prob-

ably not dispose of their wool at frOm 18@

25c per lb. The following are the leading

domestic quotations on the Boston mar-

ket: Ohio and Pennsylvania fleeces—No.

I washed, 40@41c; delaine washed, 37@

380; XX, 36@37c; 1,é,,—b100d combing, 35c;



-blood combing, 35c; 1A-blood combing,

3 l;é@340; delaine unwashed, 29c; fine un-





THE-eMicHiGA‘N FARMER. -





wash ”@260. Mi _ Wisconsin,

New on: fleecet—Fine; unwashed,- 24@

25c; delaine. unwashed,

washed, 83@34c. Kentucky, ndiana and

filagofiuri—iis-biood, 35@360; -





THI Liv: crock Macks".





, Buflalo.

. March 28,- 1910.

(Special report by Dunning & Stevens,

New York Central Stock Yards.

. East Buffalo, N, Y.)

Receipts of sale stock here today as

follows: '





Receipts of cattle on our market today

were 135 cars. The oo-called good to

prime sold steady with last week, in fact,

quality considered, we would say strong

It is a singular fact that we have to re

port again that there was not a prime

load of cattle on this market today. Had

there been, they would have sold

readily at 8%c per lb. The top was 81,420

for one load of fat 1,290-lb. steers, and

81m: for half a load of 1,175—lb. steers.

While there were only 22.000 in Chicago

today, the market was dull. and the cattle

sold mostly 10@15c lower than last week's

prices.



\Ve quote: Good to prime 1.300 to 1.400

lb. steers, $8.25@8.50; best 1.200 to 1.300

lb. shipping steers, $7.75@8.15; best 1.100

to 1,200-1b. do., $7.75@8.25; medium 1,050

to 1,100—lb. butcher steers, $6@6.50; light

butcher steers, 35.50606; best fat cows,

$5.50@6; fair to good do., $4.50@5; trim—

mers, $3@3.50; best fat heifers, $6.25@

6.75; fair to good, $5.25@5.75; common

do., $4.50@5; best feeding steers, 950 to

1,100 lbs., $5.50@6.25; best feeding steers,

800 to 900 lbs., $5.50@6; dehorned stock-

ers, 700 to 750 lbs., $4.50@5.50; do., 600 to

650 lbs., $4@4.50; little common stockcrs,

$3.50@4.50; best bulls. $6606.25; bologna

bulls, $4.75@5; stock bulls, $461450; best

milkers and springers, $5501.65; fair to

good. do., $45@50; common do., $250040.



With 55 cars of hogs on sale today,

our market opened this morning steady to

strong at Saturday’s prices, and gradu-

ally strengthened as the day advanced.

and closmg 5@100 higher on the best hogs

than the opening.



_e quote prices as follows: Mixed,

goediium ailid haul/(y, 3311356171135; light to



0 won; it yor ers, .11.20@11.30; is,

§§%%0@)11; roughs, $10.35@10.50; sgags,





There were three or four very choice

IllinOis decks sold on the late market as

high as $11.45, but were very fancy. All

selling; market closing up in good shape;

prospects look fair for the near future.



The lamb market opened up slow, with

most of the best lambs selling at $10.55.

The market closed dull, and if receipts

are not too heavy, we look for steady

prices the balance of the week.



_We quote: Best lambs, $10.35@10.40;

fair to good, $10@10.25; heavy lambs,

$10.15@10.25; culls, $9.25@9.75; skin culls,

$7@7.75; yearlings $9.50@9.75; wethers,

$3.650@8.75; ewes, $7.50@8; cull sheep, $4

! .





Heavy lambs were very slow sale; about

ten loads holding over.



Best calves, $10@10.50; fair to good,

$9.50@10; cull to common, $7.50@9.





 





Chicago.

March 28, 1910.



. Cattle. Hogs. Sheep

Received today ......21,000 24,000 15,000

Same day last year..23,649 38,613 20,079

Received last week..46,632 77,281 49,127

Same week last year.41,705 135,093 60,722

The live stock markets changed about

today, the week beginning with an unus»

ually poor demand for about everything,

much of the dullness being credited to the

universal consumption of Easter eggs.

The egg trade is always very large at this

time, but jUSt now it is especially so on

account of the unusual dearness of all

kinds of meats. Cattle were slew of sale.

w1th bad reports from the east regarding

the. beef, pork and mutton trade, and

prites were irregularly lower, averaging

around 25c below recent figures. A few

prime beeves sold at $8.75, a reduction

of only 10c, but such a transaction was

exceptional, and cows and feeders shared

in the break, a consignment of over 1,100

feeders arriving from Minnesota. At the

opening hogs were 10@150 higher, and a.

speculator paid $11.20 for some prime

heavy hogs weighing around 300 lbs., but

after a small shipping business was tran-

sacted the advance was pretty much lost.

packers holding back, and hogs went at

$10.7o@11.10. Pigs sold at $9.75@10.85.

Sheep and lambs were slow and fO@15c





lower, with large receipts at eastern and .





most western markets. Clipped lambs

were dull at $8.85@9.60, wooled at $7.50@

10.25, wooled wethers at $8.35@9.15, wooled

ewes at $4@8.25.



Cattle are bringing the highest prices

Seen in many years, it being a season of

great scarcity and strong general demand.

Every week sees higher values, last week

being no exception, and a set-back Wed-

nesday was followed Thursday by a re~

covery. Beef steers have been selling

largely at $7@8.35, the commoner light-

weight killers going at $5.75@6.85, while

the better class of beeves of good weight

sold for eastern shipment at $8.25@8.85.

Cattle that sold around $7 were ordinary,

and those _ selling at $7.50@7.85 were

merely medium in quality. So rapid has

been the boom in prices that it is almost

impossible for stockmen not shipping cat-

tle to market to realize the changed con-

ditions. The advance has extended to

cattle of every kind, with cows and heif-

ers selling at 34.30608, and canners and

cutters are going at $2.75@4.25, while

bulls sell at_$4.25@6.50, car lots of well

fattened distillery-fed bulls bringing $6@

6.35. The supply of stockers and feeders

is getting scarcer all the time, causing a

constant upward movement of prices, and

recent sales were reported of stockers

at $4@6.25 and of feeders at $6@6.75.



Hogs have beenscarcer than ever at all

of the western markets for a week past.

and the most that buyers could do was

to keep prices from soaring to new

high points, being helped in this by much

smaller purchases by the eastern ship-

pfrs. The highest price or the season is





28c; -blood un- .

M-blood‘, ,





Cattle, 135 cars; hogs, 8.800;-

sheep and lambs, 13,600; calves, 1,800.





 





 

   

 

 

 





 





4 _

Accurate. thorough cultivation with the

Kraus Pivot-Axle Sulky Cultivator ison‘iiy a

matter of steering; not of work. Instea of

pulling-and pushing the entire ang of shovels

rom Side to side as with the or inary cultiva-

tor, the Kraus is siren-d by the slightest touch

of the foot, wheels and shovels moving side-





wise simultaneously PIVOT n “XI-E

SULKY

‘ CULTIVITDR





Perfect for hillsides or

k d ro





Hammock Bout.



It (flour dealer doesn’t

e the Krona, don't



accept a substitutemtito





us. Catalogue free.

AKRON CULTIVATOII 00.

Dept. 12 AKRON. OHIO





AUTOMATIC





 





 





Com letely takes the place of all other wrenches put

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0 Automatic is the strongest. handieet. and most.

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has use for one. You will marvel at it and wonder

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Your money back it you we not. satisfied after using

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6 in., opens tok in..75c. 9 in., opens to 1!; in.. 81.00



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Send stamps. coin or money order.



. D den and onto: We make this wrench

grill/fame. Write agony for very profitable otter.

SUPERIOR WRENCH COMPANY



Monhulltown. low-





 





 





 





Tho only thorough}, :onuhcturod

Silo on the market. 1111 length ”no.

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hoop- ot b





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The E. W0 30.. 00. EatJSBO)

. Box 14 ”m OHIO





 





 





 





One Bchunz Hay Derrick win at All of your born. and

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Write for catalog and price today. Good lively

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/ xx HE.§!.'.!!.‘3:.""i‘l"l-.





 





Mu lol

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lillIEli AGENTS 376332





mono oxhibitiu and sellln 0 hi i

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Do Not WON. write today for our medal of".

tuna GYGLB 60., Don. In CHICAGO





 

 

 





 





This truss has Cured

thousands. W b y

not you? Sold un—

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llllEYllll cup-runs:





 





 





 





 





 





 





EXOE”. $7221. $7373

, ,- ' - blue! To You from our own factory

. . . ; lcgdWozai: gan-

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' Put on the kind of tool that wears.

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'F‘M' - _ aw‘f‘vm ‘. sew-M ‘A"~“"W a, {Wt‘rff
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31.x .' ‘





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“4"“... .I 4 ~”gnaamrjn. M». “ La:





 





 





 





 





APRIL 2, n16:

. ri-us is THE LAST semen.





In 3 first, edition the Detroit Live

Stockflilnarketa are reports of last week,

all other markets are right up to date.

Thursday's Detroit Live-s Stock markets

are given in the last edition. The first

edition is mailed Thursday, the last edi.

tion Friday morning. The first edition is

mailed to those who care more to get the

paper early than they do for Thursdays

Detroit Live Stock market report. 10o

may have any edition dcs1red: Subscrib-

ers may change from one edition to an-

other by dropping us a card to that effect.





.___.____——————-I

DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





 





hursda ’8 Market.



T y March 31, 1910.

' Cattle. r



Receipts, 1,511. Best grades 10@1.)c;

butchers 25@40c; bulls and common, cow

stuff 50@75c lower than last week;



'We- quote: Extra dry-fed steers and

heifers, $6.50@7; steers and heifers, 1.000

to 1,200, $6696.50; steers and heifers, 800

to 1,000, $5.75@6.25; steers and 'lieifers

that are fat, 500 to 700, $4.50@5; chOice

fut cows, $5; good fat cows, $4@4.25,

common. cows, $3@3.25; canners, $2@2.75,

choice heavy bulls, $5@5.25; fair to gopd

bolognas, bulls, $4.50@4.75; stock buls,

$4@4.25; choice stockers, 500 to 700, $4.159

«34.75; fair stockers, 500 to 700. $4@4.50,

milkers, large, young, medium age, $40@

55; common milkers, $25@35.



Roe Com. Co, sold Breitenback Bros.

20 steers av 895 at $6; to Mich. B. Co. 2

bulls av 1,100 at $5, 20 steers av 8:... at

$5.75; to Newton B. Co. '3 cows av 1.0.13

at $4.50, 2 butchers av 570 at $3.50; to

Rattkowsky S cows av 1,065 at $4.35; to

Kamman B. Co. 25 steers av 884 at $6.25,

to Cooke 21 steers av 940 at $6.35; to

Thompson 1 bull weighing 1,180 at _$4.50,

2 COWS av 895 at $3, 1 do weighing .10 at

$3, 1 do weighing 1,120 at $3.50.



Bishop, B. & . sold Newton B. _Co.

17 steers av 1,080 at $6.75, 4 do av 945 at

$5.75, 1 bull weighing 1,480 at $5, 2 cows

av 1,000 at $3, 3 steers av 1.000 at $6. 1

do weighing 860 at $5.50, 8 do av 925 at

$5.75, 12 do av 792 at $5.50, 4 do av 660

at $4.50, 3 cows av 1,000 at $3.45, 1 bull

weighing 1,800 at $5.50; to Mich. B. Co.

12 butchers av 770 at $5.50; to Rehfuss

6 do av 355 at $4, 2 cows av 1,090 at $4.23;

to Goose 2 do av 800 at $3'75; 2 do av 915

at $3.75, 2 bulls weighing 1,560_ at $5; to

Zoehner Bros. 12 steers av 1,056 at $7, 1

do weighing 810 at $6, 4 do av 1,047 at $7,

1 doweigliing 870 at $6, 16 do av 1,033 at

$7; to Kamman B. Co. 2 do av 1,050 at

$6, 2 cows av 940 at $3.25, 2 bulls av 1,093

at $5; to Rattkowsky 4 butchers av_ 58.)

at $4.75; to Thompson 2 cows av 815 at

$3.10; to Bresnahan 12 heifers av 621 at

$4.75, 5 do av 622 at $5; to Hammond, .5.

& Co. 6 cows av 973 at $4, 5 do av 836 at

$3.75, 3 steers av $8.60 at $5.50; to Sulli-

van P. CO. 3 do av 1.083 at $5.50; to Regan

8 butchers av 507 at $4.25; to Thompson

3 cows av 773 at $2.85, 1 bull weighing 620

at'$8.50; to Hammond, S. & C0; 10 steers

av 910 at $6; to Newton B. Co. 4 cows a_v

1,217 at $4.90, 5 butchers av 788 at $5.25,

2 steers av 1,140 at $6.50, 22 do av 920 at

$6, 1 do weighing 1,320 at $7, 2 cows av

885 at $4; to Zeeh-ner Bros. 10 steers av

1,083 at $6.25, 1 cow weighing 1.100 at

$5; to Sullivan P. Co. 2 steers av 1,040

at $7, 11 do av 80.0 at $5.65, 6 cows av

1.086 at $4.50, 5 do av 794 at $2.75; to

Bronson-3 do av 760 at $3.25.



Spicer & R. sold Newton B. Co. 23

steers av 1,135 at $7, 6-do av 990 at $6.25,

4.5do av 1,045 at $5.25, 19 do av 950 at

$6.25; to Bresnahan 1 heifer weighing 480

:it $4.25., 3 do av 433 at $4.50; to Mic-h. B.

CO, 2 bulls av 1,250 at $5.15; to Schlisclier

7 Steers av 861 at $6.15, 2 do av 690 at

$5.50; to Mich. B. Co. 5 do av 85-1 at

$5.50, 9 do av 803 at $5.75, 5 butchers a_v

774 at $4.75, 1 bull weighing 1,190 at $5,

1 do weighing 1,110 at $4.75; to Ratt-

kowsky 1 cow weighing 750 at $3.50, 1 do

weighing 1,110 at $4, 2 do av 925 at $3.75,

2 do av 935 at $3.25; to Rehfuss 3 cows av

1,150 at $4.50; to Sullivan P. Co. 2, steers

av 640 at $5.50, 1 COW weighing 670 at

$2.50; to Bresnahan 17 steers av 1,117 at

$6.75, 2 bulls av 1,600 at $5.25, 2 heifers

av 825 at $6; to Thompson 6 cows av 845

at $3; to Breitenback Bros. 1 steer weigh-

ing 950 at $5.50.



Haley & M. sold Zoehner Bros. 5 steers

nv 892 at $6, 1 heifer weighing 770 at

$5.75; to Mich. B. Co. 7 butchers av 576

at $4.75,, 1 steer weighing 800 at $5; to

Graves 1 cow weighing 1,300 at $5.75; to

Starr's 1 bull weighing 860 at $5.25, 1

steer weighing 1,450 at $5.25; tO‘Kammaii

B. CO. 1 cow weighing 870 at $4.25, 1 do

weighing 830 at $4.75; to Rehfuss 1 do

weighing 1,170 at $4.15. 7 butchers av 550

at $4.35, 1 steer weighing 700 at $4.75; to

Kamman B. Co. 1 do weighing 940 at

$5.50, 13 steers av 1.010 at $6.60; to Fronn

4 cow's av 830 at $3.80; to Schlischer 12

steers av 808 at $5.30; to Newton B. Co.

2 do- av 1,500 at $8.25; to Graves 1 do

weighing 1,180 at $7. 1 do weighing 1,260

at $6.85.



Sharp & W. sold Rattkowsky 2 cows av

975 at $3.50.



Same sold Rehfuss 3 cows av 1,033

at $4.60.



Eddy sold same 1 bull weighing 1,160

at $5.10.



Lowenstein sold Mich. B. Co. 3 cows

av 873 at $4, 5 do av 990 at $4.50.



Eddy sold Kamman 12 steers av 773 at

$5. 10 do av 877 at $5.60, 4 cows av





942 at $4.

Veal Calves.



Receipts, 1,020. Market $1@1.25 lower

than last week. Best, $8.50@9; others,

$4@8; milch cows and springers, steady

but scarce. . .



Bisho , B. & H. sold Goose 1_wei_g,hmg

250 at 5, 27 av 140 at $7.50; to Newton

B. Co. 18 av 135 at $9.50, 7 av 130 at $9.50.

2 av 130 at $7; to Parker, W. &.Co. 28

av 125 at $9.25, '5'av 125 at $9150. 10 av

134 at $9: to Mich. B. Co. 10 av 137 at $9.

11 av 135 at $9: to Nagle P. Co: 32 av

130 at $8.75; to Strauss & A. '10 av 120 at

$8, 7 av 125 at $8, 4 av 140 at $9. 6.3V 150

at .89.. 6 av 125 at $8.50, 6 av "145 at $9.

1 weighing 130 at $9, 5 av 125 at $9. 13 .av

125 at. $9. 7



Stephens sold Sullivan P. Co. 5 av

120 at $8. ‘





Cheney & H. sold Blurnstine 5 av 106 at

$7 10 av 145 at $9. .



Lewis sold Newton E. Co. 4 av 150

at‘$8.50. .



Spicer & R. sold Mich. B. Co. 1 weigh-

ing 100 at $7.50, 6 av 155 at $9.50, 2 av

140 at‘$9, 3 av 105 at $9,.2 av 130 at $9;

to Rattkowsky 5 av 110 at $8; to Street

10 av 136 at $9.25; to Brown 67 av 130 at

$8, 5~av 165 at $6, 15 av 135 at $8.50, 12 av

130 at $8.50; to Sullivan P. Co. 5 av 100

at $6.50; to Barlage 4-av 130 at $6, 20 av

115 at $8.25; to Burnstine 3 av 135 at

$8.50, 7 av 90 at $600, 15 av 130 at $9.



Haley & M. sold Street 7 av 135 at $63

20 av 130 at $9, 5 av 125 at $8.25, 6 av 125

at $9, 11 av 130 at $9, 4 av 95 at $6, 11 av

125 at $8.50, 10 av 123' at $8; to Breiten—

back Bros. 4 av 155 at $5. 28 av 130 at $8.



Roe Corn. Co. sold Eschrich 5 av 125

2 av 90 at $5; to Street 30 av

125 at $9. _

Bohm sold Nagle P. Co. 6 av 155 at

. 5.





$9 2

Sheep and Lambs.

Receipts, 4,294. Wool lambs, 50c; clips,

75c@$1 lower than last week and dull.





Best wool lambs, $9.50@9.75; fair to

good lam‘bs, $9@9.25; light to common





lambs, $8@8.40; clip lambs, $8528.60; fair

to good sheep, $6@7.25; culls and com-

mon, $4.75@5.25.



Spicer & R. sold Sullivan P. Co. 31

wool lambs av 60 at $9.25; to Mich. B. Co.

110 do av 75 at $9.75, 22 sheep av 105 at

$7, 23 lambs av 85 at $9.50; to Breitenback

Bros. 17 do av 67 at $7, 9 sheep av 140

at $6.50. .



Bishop, B. & H. sold Youngs 18 clip

sheep av 110 at $7.25, 14 clip lambs av 55

at $7; to Nagle P. Co. 204 wool lambs av

80 at $9.75, 322 clip lambs av 70 at $9.35,

104 do. av 71 at $8, 13 sheep av 100 at $6;

to Sullivan P. Co, 17 wool lambs av 90

at $9.40; to Parker, W. & Co. 12:; do av

75 at $9.75; to Eschrich 13 sheep av 73

at $7; to Young 20 clip lambs av 70 at

$8; to Eschrich 40 do av 60 at $8, 21 do

av 62 at $8; to Mich. B. Co. 30 do av 63

at $8.60, 18 d0 av 60 at $8.60, 21 wool

lambs av 52 at $8, 16 do av 55 at $8; to

Fitzpatrick Bros. 9 wool lambs av 75 at

$9.75, 22 clip sheep av 85 at $6. 15 clip

lambs av 58 at $8; to Young 50 do av

75 at $8.25.



Lewis sold Newton B. Co, 35 clip lambs

av 85 at $8.25, 2 sheep av 105 at $4



W'aterman sold Hammond, S. & Co. 14

sheep av 75 at $5.75, 9 lam‘bs av 77 at $9.

8 do av 50 at $8.



Haley & M. sold Mich. B. Co. 31 sheep

av 100 at $6.25; to Breitenback Bros. 11

do av 120 at $6.50, 9 lambs av 70 at $9.



Bohm sold Nngle P, Co. 10 clip sheep

av 83 at $6, 33 lambs av 70 at $8.50.



Hogs.



Receipts, 3,772. Market dull and 5c

lO\\’t‘l' than last Thursday.



. Range of prices: Light to good butch-

ers, $10.75; pigs, $10.20(u:10.40; light york—

ers, $10.70; Stags, 1A; off.



Spicer & R. sold Parker, W. & Co. 117

av 200 at $10.85, 238 av 195 at $10.80, 265

av 175 at $10.75, 164 av 170 at $10.70, 78

av 150 at $10.65.



Haley & M, sold same 110 av 190 at

$10.85, 90 av 180 at $10.80, 245 av 175 at

$10.75, 67 av 160 at $10.70.



Roe Com. Co. sold Sullivan P. Co, 113

av 190 at $10.80, 211 av 180 at $10.75.





THE" MICHIGAN FARMER.





roii‘ow'this advice.





uaker Oats is the best of all foods;

it is also the cheapest. When such

men as Prof. Fisher of Yale University

and Sir James Crichton Browne,

LL.D.-F.R.S. of London spend the

best parts of their lives in stud ing

the great question of the nouris ing

and strengthening qualities of different

foods, it is certain that their advice is

absolutely safe to follow.





Professor Fisher found in his ex-

periments for testing the strength and

endurance of athletes that the meat

eaters were exhausted long before the

men who were fed on such food as

Quaker Oats. The powers of endur-

ance of the non-meat eaters were

about eight times those of the meat

eaters.



Sir James Crichton Browne says—-

eat more oatmeal, eat plenty of it and

eat it frequently. 59



Buy it in the regular 10c package, or

the large size family package at 25c.





(25') I385





FARMS AND FlHM‘llll‘llS

FUR SALE OR EXGHANEE‘





FRUIT GRAIN AND STOCK FARM FOR

SALE ln Oceans County. Write

C. W. MORGAN, Shelby. Michigan, for lists.





 





 





 





 





 





GREAT opportunities In Washington and Oregon

Farm Lands. Write today for tree lists. Bob-

lnson Land 00.. 3-1261 Empire Bldg.. Seattle. Wash.





—Frult and Stock Farms.

weSt MiCh' For a reliable lint, write

Van Ness Bros.& 00.. Fremont. Newaygo 00., Mlch.





 





 





on SA LE—Cholce unlmproved lands in Ogemew

00., Mich. for wide awake famllles who wish to

help build upa good neighborhood. Price 010 per

acre. HARRY 0. SHELDON, Alger, Michigan.





I SELL FARMS IN OCEANA. The best county

In the United States; fruit, grain and stock

Write for list. J. D. S. HAleON, Hart, Mich





—-Look to the potato belt

For a Farm of Michigan. First write

or see. HARRY STARR, Greenvllle, Michigan.





 





 





 





—-100 Cheap Good Improved

For Sale farms—Nice Buildings. adapted to

fruit. stock and grain. For descrlptlons, prices soar.





 





$160 Acre Profit

in the Panhandle





Broom corn is only one crop in

northern Texas, northwestern

Oklahoma, northeastern New

Mexico and southwestern Kansas,

and broom corn pays .8160 to $200

a ton.



All that it needs is plenty of sun

and enough rain to give it a start.

It gets both in the Panhandle.



I know of unimproved Panhandle

farm lands that can be bought just

now all the way from $10 to $20 an

acre—high lands near big markets

—thcrcfore low freight rates.



Corn, sorghum, beans, wheat,

oats, rye, barley and potatoes, as

well as melons, pumpkins and all





sorts of fruits and vegetables,thrivc.

No pests in orchard or field. No dis-

cases among hogs, cattle, sheep or poultry.





Valuable Facts Free





If you are looking for greater returns

for your labor, if you want more success,

send me your address and let me tell you





 





Bishop, B. & H. sold Hammond, S. &

Co. 90 21v 140 at $10.60. 1.159 av 190 at

$10.80, 622 av 175 at $10.75, 267 av 200 at

$10.85, 203 av 160 at $10.65.



Good hogs closed 5@10e higher; pigs

steady with last week.





Frlday’s Market.





surprising facts; let me point the way to

opportunities along the Rock Island Lines,

for all kinds of succcsm‘ul farming under

conditions of climate and surroundings

that are ideal.



Write today. Spe-

cizil Homcscckers’ Ex-





 





 





March 25, 1910.

Cattle.





The market opened at the Detroit stock

yards Friday morning with a light run in

all departments. In the cattle division

the trade was active at Thursday‘s prices

on all grades. Good grades of inilch COWS

were strong, and common dull.





Sheep and Lambs.





The sheep .and lamb trade was full

steady with Thursday, but the quality

was not so good. ‘



Hogs.



The hog trade was strong 5c thher

than on Thursday, nearly everything on

sale bringing $10.85.





 





 





 

   





l

Sand for Sample of . 1

PAGE WOVEN WIRE FENCE ; "





We offer to send. free of ch , an ac-

tual sample of Page Woven ire Fence.

Just as it comes from the bi looms. Each

one is “a sermon in steel.’ The tremen-

dous success of Page Fence which is now on

its Quarter Centennial Year. is due to the

fact that its makers have always iven full

measure 0 honest. value. It is 0 old re-

liable time-tried wire fence that outlaote

them all. Admitted to be the strongest

wire fence in existence»



Send today!“ See the reel Pa Wire! Get

next to the Page Knot!" t the I8

gunner Centennial Edition of the 86



ence Catalog‘ and learn 0 (inference

betweenP e ence and theordinarykinds.

Find what age Fence means in economy.

varsiéel‘fitnggc‘e an":l bgtiihéiia’lfree sample of



n c

promptly. Address 8 08 '1“ be sent





Page Woven erc FAencc Co. j





 





 





 





 





 





Box 254K , drlnu. melt. -





 





 





 





cursions first and





i

third Tuesdays of each ISIand





mouth. Address _, /"\/fl .3





L M. ALLEN, Passenger Traffic Manager

231 La Salle Station. Chicago





 





JROCK





     





W. E. Bowen & Son, Mlddlevllle, Barry Co., Mich.





~80v40-20 acrel: 3000 llDd.

Three Cheap Farms Ialr houses. good locality.

easy terms, [Address I. BENTLEY. Bentley, Mich





—F B l l W

5,000 FAR M s CaggdafFfiirgartlghtlzlr‘sl





address. W. E. Stevenson, Calgary, Alta. Canada.





438% acres. clay loam

Farm For SAIe 5011, one mile from B. 3.

station, big barn, good house. good well, big sheep

shed 2 corn cribs, lieu house. plenty of timber, place

has not been let or run. Will be sold at a bargain.

{OBERT SHIELDS, Jr.. Holly, Oak,Co., Mich.





READ THIS II you wish to buy Farm



Property. it will pay you

to wxite me to: my 1910 land catalog, sent flee

to any address. C. A, HAMER, Marlon, Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





- ' —14‘rult, Grain and Stock Form: In

MlGlllgan Falms Barry. Eaton an 1 Kent Co‘s. Big

bargains; low taxes. good schools, churches and

roads. splendii water and climate. Write (or lilt

No. 8. BUCKLES dz MATTHEWS. Hastings, Mlch.





Farm For Sale. Best Bargain in Mich.



278 acres in Mecoata 00.. right at station on G. B.

&I. R. it. About 220 acres free from stumps, 20

acres timber, good bulldlngs.good soll, raise any.

thing that can be grown in Mich. or, In a good stock

farm. Time can be had on part or purchase

price. erte [or full description.



J. A. COLLINS. Howard City. lVIIoh.





FOR SALE—High Irade Farm Lands





in Osceola county near Tustln, Michigan. These are

cut over hardwood lands, without pine stumps. The

loll In gravelly or rich clay. Well settled country

with schools and good roads. Write for litera.

ture. H. W. MARSH, Manlstee, Mich.





F0 R SALE—A :Leelanau County



> Frult Farm of 98 acres.

Forty Acres young Apple Orchard and other fruit.

Forty acres Timber Lind—House, Barn and other

buildings. Flue Spring near buildings. Located near

Glen Lake on high ground. the outlook Is the finest.

For terms address, Mark Randall, Glen Arbor. Mich.





I I

Rich Saginaw Valley Farms

THE VALLE Y ol‘FERTlLl’I‘Y and PLENTY

in the heart of Michigan. Great place to live and

prosper. 40 acres or more Improved, low as $50

per acre. Unlm proved 5110. Write today.

UNITED REALTY 00.. Look Box 348. Saginaw. Mich.





when you can buy

the Best Land In

Michigan at from

$6 to $10 an acre

nearSaglnaw and Bay \ lty. Write for map and par-

ticuiars. (‘lear tltlu and easy teims. Stali‘eld Broa.





(owners) 15 Mcrilll bldg., Saginaw, W. 5.. Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





WESTERN BANADA





Senator Dolliver, of Iowa says 1' "1

“The stream of emiizmnts from the buited States

0 Canada Wi 1 continue."

enator Dolliver recently paid a visit to

Western Canada. and says: “There

is a land hunger in the hearts of

English speaking people; this will

account for the removal of so many

Iowa farmers to Canada, Our peo—

ple are pleased with its govern-

ment and the excellent adminis-

tration of law, and they are com.

ing to you in tens of thousands.

Billd they are altiil coming."

——. owl contri uted lnr el

0.0 American farmers 15hr!) 21531,:

* Canada their]: line during 1909. Field

» cro returns alone during year gilded

to e weal of the country close to





e 170,000,000.00



Grain ruling, mixed farmIn cattle

growin and nix-yin are 81f, profit-

able. rec Homestea a of 160 acres

are to be had In the very best districts;

4:, :0}. 160 acres pro-eruption at 88.00 per

a ‘ acre wIthIn certain arena. Schools and

. (31$ churches In everyI settlement, climate

4.5? unexcelled, no“ t e rIcheet, wood,

,1 g4- water any! building lumber plentiful.

- ~ For particular. as to location. low settlers’



railway rates and descriptive illustrated

gaziphletmlgtsBesttmest, " and other infor-



ion,w up' lmml rati



Cum. or to Canadian Gov‘t A25. 011.0337?

NE. V. Mrl'nnes. 178 Jefferson Ave..





 

 

 

 

   

   

 





 

 

 

 





CASH FOB iflUH BUSlNESS 0!! REM. ESTATE.





No matter where located I bring buyers and sellers

together. Write me today It you want to buy, sell

or exchange any kind of property or business, any-

where at any price. Advice and consultation free.

Terms reasouatle. Established 1881. Address

FRANK P. CLEVELAND, Real Estate Expert,

948 Adams Expre;s Building, Chicago, Ill,





BUTTER FAT 41 GENTS AT KERMAN'.





Fresno County, Calliorula, and a new $25.0.0 cream-

ery demanding greater pioductlon. A Kermau

alfalfa dairy ranch better than bank stock. Aver-

age protit $100 per year per cow keeping a cow to

every acre. We need dairy farmers. High prices

paid for products; low cost help and food. Kerman

alfalfa lands offer enormous sure profits. Ask us

for information.



CARNINE d’z STORGAAFD, Rev E, Kerman, Cam.





Fertile—Farms in" re‘iiii‘és‘Eéi

,._..$5 to $10 per acre——





Fortunes are being made on fertile Tennes-

see farms. They raise big crops of Canta~

loupes, Cabbage, Tomatoes, String Beans, ,

Green Corn etc, also Horses, Cnttle.She%p. Swine.

Poultry and Eggs. Write me at once or Free

Literature. I'll tell you how to set. one of these

splendid forms for $5 to $10 per acre. Act quickly!

H, F, Smith. ’i‘nf. high. N.C.& St. LRy.,DeptP.Nuhvllk-, Tenn.





WHY YAKIT AT.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





De roit Mich; C. A. Luurier. Man





 





 





 





 





.FENGE $53.31





 





 





Meeting. Carbon Double at h

Coiled Wire. Heavily Gelvanlzc to





 





pro‘vent rust. Have no agents. Bell at





 





 





 





 





.mw, price. on so 0m trial.

ngy cl 1 frclght. 87 heights of farm

poui ry fence. Gaul Fr... -





 





CON-ED OMIIG FENCE 0°.

“0' 21 Winchester. lull-um





 





 





 





 





i

i

l





 





unette. at.

Don’t Rust Farm Fence





Extra heavily galvan-

ized. Sold dirrct to

farmers ntumnufnctur-

ers' prices. 30 days’ free

trial. Freightprcpald.

Also Poultry and Orna-

mental Wire and Iron

Fences. Catalogue free.

Write for special ofier.

The Ward Fun. (315.,

1301336, Decatur-Jud.





 





 





 





 





For its-In. Hos Fence - Is 840 for

« 25-inch; is 3-4.: tor 51-inch-





 





 





 





Farm Fence. Winch Poultry





 





 





as.

. rm- tit—Inch; tie to: a 41-hour

‘Fenoe 884:. m I





 





 





 





 





30 c

‘ . 80 1 (1

wt: 3’.“ as...” a...‘ ”be H





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





a: no. 7. uuuem,





 





- KITSELIAI BROhmi ‘





14% Gentsa‘flod W A NT E D!

BAY OF ALL GRADES.





It“. Iorquollllonr. 0m profit. from Irolucur locommm'





l20 Liberty St., New York.





l Because you can get LOTS for @30—





Located In the heart of over 500,000 acres of

the finest fruit and wheat landln this country.

Irrigation will soon be started and Yakitnt

will come Into Its own.





Realty vatlues {Increased 120095 In eight years In

a wee an own that dld not have I

chances as Yakitnt. ' soon





In the famous Yakima Valley; on the Yakima

River: on the main Line of the Northern

Pacific Ry.; the North ("cost £521th a half

mile to the North.——ln fact Ynkltat him too much

that makes a town to be anythIng else but

a large town.





We believe It—others do, too—at least we have

had demands for lots In sufficient quantity

to Indicate this.





Sand for Luci-inure. You may pay 05 down and

balance monthly payments.





 





F. D. HEWITT,





I. B. Butler, 1172 Am. Bank Bldg"

Seattle. Wash.
.. Maw. — . ‘Y‘umL! wam<





 





 





 





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,a. vaN-uf M‘- .





-‘ -.nwa...w« -_ ,.





386 , (26>





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AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA‘AAM





 





noup RESULTS FROM N'EGLECTE

- coups. ' .





 





At this season light colds are rather

common among poultry and unless the

danger lurking‘in neglect is fully under-

stood roup is almost sure to develop. In

its earlier stages this disease is curable,

but when it becomes diphtheretic, doctor-

ing is waste of time and money, not be-

cause a. cure is impossible but because

such fowls can never be used for breed-

ers. It is not safe to so use them as

their chickens will have a predisposition

to roup. Catarrhal roup is merely a cold

and is nearly always caused by bad ven-

tilation. It is very contagious, consev

quently as soon as a fowl is detected

sneezing and running at the nostrils it

should be removed from the flock and put

in quarantine. Treatment may best con-

sist in feeding on soft food, given hot,

squeezing out the matter from the nos—

trils twice a day, then touching the af-

fected parts with a feather dipped in vin-

egar, and giving some roup pills. If the

discharge becomes cheesy and matter

forms inside the throat the trouble has

reached the diphtheretic stage, but so

long as the discharge is merely evil

smelling, the face swollen, and the fowl

obviously feverish, it remains a simple

case of roup and is curable. Do not re-

turn to the flock a fowl apparently cured

for two weeks or more after all discharge

has ceased. New fowls should always be

put in quarantine before being turned

with the rest of the flock. Frequently

fowls. catch a roupy cold on the journey,

and will thus start the trouble in the

flock, with disastrous results.



Canada. W. R. GILBERT.



(The number of queries and reports

coming to hand indicating roupy fioeks

or conditions which are likely to lead to

roup, suggests the advisability of giving

space to the above. \Vhile much has

been published in these columns concern-

ing the nature of this disease and the

extreme difficulty which attends its eradi-

cation when once fully developed in a

flock, many poultry owners still appear

unable to identify the disease when it

appears among their fowls. Still more

to be deplored is the failure to ferret out

the cause of light colds which are likely

to be contracted at this season if condi-

tions in the poultry house are not just

right. The appearance of colds should

be regarded the danger signal and efforts

should at once be made to ascertain the

cause, and then to remove it as promptly

as possible. If the floor or walls of the

poultry house hold dampness the colds

which the fowls have contracted can

hardly be expected to vanish while they

are kept under those conditions. , If the

ventilation is at fault try to remedy the

defect at once. In short, try to make the

conditions such as to remove every chance

of developing roup, for remember that

this dread disease is a. germ disease and,

when once developed, it spreads very

rapidly-*EdS-l





 





KEEPING FOWLS ON LIMITED

RANGE.





 





On farms where it is the practice to

confine the poultry to a certain part of

the premises or to a so-called park. it is

time to plan for the green stuff which

they are sure to need before the summer

is over. For it must be admitted that

l'owls confined in a park, or limited to the

use of the orchard, are somewhat depend-

ent upon their owner for what they get.

011 the whole it is probably more satisfae-

tnrv to so limit their range, and there IS

l sight than a nice orchard or

park containing a. flock that has been

properly cared for, nor is there a more

pitiful sight than a neglected flock in

confinement.



There comes to my mind an instance

in which the fowls were said to be in a

but it might better have been called





no prettier





park, .

a pen, so limited was the area given

them. Not a particle of shade had been





provided, not a weed nor a spear of grass

appeared. \Vith nothing to do they ac-

quired the detestable habit of feather

pulling. The appearance of the flock 'late

in the season can be better imagined

than described.



In our park we have several plum trees,

two cherry trees and an apple tree, so

that cool, refreshing shade ls abundant,

Their drinking vessels are filled With fresh

water three times a day in warm weather.

We use troughs and earthen Jars. Tin

pans should be avoided as the water





warms so quickly in them and cannot be

very refreshing on a hot day.



Of green things we raise quite a. variety,

among which are cabbage, lettuce, peas,

endive and Swiss chard, each in its turn

being relished by the fowls. 0f the Swiss

chard I cannot speak too highly, though

I see it in but few gardens. It is excellent

for table use as well as for poultry. It

can be used for greens, or cooked as you

would asparagus. It grows luxuriantly,

its tender curly leaves much resembling

lettuce, only much larger. It grows rap-

idly and the plants that are stripped of

their leaves will, in a short time, give a

fresh supply. I give alternate feeds of

chard, peas (on the vines) and endive.

This last is dark green, much darker than

the chard, and grows much like head let-

tuce but is close to the ground and not

as large and upright as the chard. ‘Vith

both of these plants I commence by pick-

ing the lower leaves only, leaving the

tender center leaves which in their turn

are soon ready for use.



The grain ration should not be short-

ened when this treat of green feed is

ready. “7e feed largely of wheat, also

buckwheat, cracked corn and oats. These

are needed by the growing stock as well

as by the hens that are laying. ll’ith

eggs at present remunerative prices it

does not pay to pinch the hens on their

allowance. They will not be in debt for

their board if given proper care, even if

their range is reduced, and those who

confine them and then neglect them are

among those who so loudly assert that

poultry keeping does not pay.



Oceana Co. JENNIE M. WILLSON.





COMBATTING LICE IN CHICKS.





 





 





If fowls are healthy, the premises kept

clean. and a dust bath or ashes provid-

ed, lice rarely get the upper hand, it

being through the brood hens transmit-

ting them to the chickens that most

harm ensues. A hen with many or few

lice on her when sitting transmits them

to the chicks immediately they are

hatched. The pests are found station-

ary on the Chick’s head, above the beak

and eyes, and in a few days, when they

become more plentiful, are to be found

behind and on top of head and throat.

A simple and effective treatment recom-

mended is to place a small quantity of

olive oil in a saucer, and, the day after

hatching. dip the finger in the oil and

thoroughly rub it into the fluff of the

Chick’s head and under the throat. This

will kill the lice if present, and if repeat-

ed the second or third day there will be

little fear of any escaping. When a week

or ten days’ old the chicks should be ex-

amined again and if any of the vermin

are found at this age a little kerosene

can be added to the olive oil. It is best

to annoint all chicks with the olive oil

immediately after they are hatched.



OUTLOOK FOR HONEY CROP IN



NORTHERN MICHIGAN.





 





It is impossible to accurately judge the

prospect for a honey crop as there are

many conditions which have to be taken

into c0nsideration that we can not con-

trol. Still there are some conditiOns which

must exist previous to the flow that gov-

ern, to a large extent, the amount of

honey we will get.



In the first place, I have every reason

to think that the bees in the northern

part of the state have wintered well. The

temperature has been very even, no ex-

treme cold for any length of time and no

real warm weather. This is well for bees

wintered in cellars. The bees wintered

out of doors have had the added advan-

tage of deep snows to protect them, so it

looks as though they will come out strong.



The condition of the flora that we get

our honey from probably interests more

apiarists than any other thing. The fire

of the fall of 1908 burned over a great

portion of the eastern, middle and north-

ern counties of the state. In a great

many places it burned the ground so badly

that the raspberry was killed. In places

where this was the main dependence for

a honey crop the prospects of course will

not be so bright unless the willow herb

comes on in such abundance that it will

not affect the results, and this very thing

occurred last season, to a great extent.

Now, if the willow herb blooms this year,

and I believe it will, with the aid of the

raspberry that came up last season, which

will bloom this year, there is a good pros-

pect ahead.



I looked over the ground pretty thor-

oughly last year ’where the fire had gone

over. Where the fire was not such as to

burn the ground too badly, I found the





' THE MICHIGAN FARM-ER.





 





 

   





Implements





ULL information regarding the best paint for use on farm buildings,

implements and wagons is contained in this 116 page free book

which every farmer should have.

good paints and varnishes frequently and gives information regarding the

painting of everything about the farm and the special paint for the purpose.





It explains the economy of using





SHER wm- WILL/4M3





PAINTS AND VARNISHES FOR FARM USE





There is a Sherwin—Williams’ Paint for every purpose about the farm, and

you are always sure of the right paint, no matter what your requirement.

want to paint your barn, you have Sherwin-Williams’ Commonwealth Barn Red;

for your floors, Sherwin-Williams’ Floorlac or Inside Floor Paint; for your wagons,

implements and machinery, Sherwin-Williams’ Wagon and Implement Paint, and

every other conceivable kind of paint for every poss1ble purpose.





If you





This book givesfa lot ofhpaigtrilgg‘t’einggxa

3.2%.?3‘:EJSSeynféfi'fiéfgfoh pat... save. SHE}? WIN- ML L MMS

good money on the farm. Every farmer

should have itn— zinlfifwe’ilt send it free to PAINTS 6' VARNISHES

fiv’la‘liieo“Senliltingn-Vllillisiziirs1 dealer in your Address 6%inquiries to The Sherwin-Williams Co..





town can furnish you with the Sherwin-

Williams’ Paint for any purpose.





Canal Road. Cleveland. Ohio.

’ In Canada. to 639 Center Street. Montreal.





 





ET MY PIIIII





Buy direct from the biggest

spreader factory in the world.

-1ny price has made it. No such

price as I make on this high

grade spreader has ever been

made before in all manure

spreader history. I save you

1550. Here’s the secret and reason:

You pay me only for the actual '~

material and labor at cost and one

small profit based on my enormous

factory capacity of 30,000 Spreaders a .

year. And I pay the freight right through

to your station. Any farmer can afford

to have a. spreader when he can get in on

a wholesale deal like this on a





proof. Lowest price ever made on a

first-class spreader. My agreement

to pay you back your money after a.

12 months’ trial if it’s not a. paying

investment. How’s that to





to ro-

sitionl You know if I didn’t have the best spreader, I wouldn’t dare to make such an offer. idiom

$2111.15??? 0191:1333“ have stalifipefii their 0. K. (gait. i'I‘heyutall ‘tlrled it thlaty days free just like I ask you



your penc . rop me a. pos say ng a own can our new ro sitlon and



spreader book free." Ask about the now, complete stedl gear 70 bilibel spyreader. p p0 big

\; H. Guthbcrson, Gladbrook, Iowa. "Worksfinc. Spreads T. F. Stice. Oswega. Kans. "Often pull It with my

all kinds of manure better than any spreader I ever saw. small buggy team. Docs good work. Have always used

So smiple, nothing to get out of repair as compared with the

other Spreaders."





 





The Lowest

Ever Made





Only Queen-fol Wagon Box

_ Spreader Ivor Built .





   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Get my brand new proposition with





 





before. Galloway much the best. If going to

buy a dozen more they would all be Galloways."





Wllllam Galloway company. 849 Galloway Statlon, Waterloo, Iowa





   





 





 

 

 





 

 





GET A BROWN RUST PROOF FENC

Don't buy wire fencing with thin, cheap galvanizing. Brown

Fences With all No. 9 Coiled Spring Double Galvanized Wires

stands and wears like a stone wall. Easy to put up—Requires

fewer posts—Won't sag or bag down. 160 Styles.



15 1'0 356 PER ROD DELIVERED—WE PAY THE FREIGHT.



Fences for Hogs, Sheep, Horses, Cattle, Lawns, etc.

Special Poultry, Garden and Rabbit proof fences

with extra close 1 inch spaein s at the bottom.

You save money and get a etter fence.

Send for Free. Sam lo and test. It with

acid, or file it an see how thick

the galvanizing then compare it



with any wire f,





enee in your

neighborhood. Catalog free -

TIIBBROWN FENCE & WIRE (:0. F E

A" PLE DEPT. 49 Cleveland, Ohio.





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





'. rusaed thimble skein or American Tubular Steel nxols.





style: and capacities, also price: that will surprise you.

IT NOW. You" for superior quality.





 





 

 

 

 





 





l

Why pa. more than our price!!! ordered together we send



1 _ both niachlhes for 10.00, — trelgh t; d east of Rockiea



. a‘ Hot water, double we. 15, dead-air space be ween double glass doors,



.. ' links and boilers, self-regulating. Nursery un emeath the egg-tray.

Incubator and Brooder shipped complete, with thermometers, lamps,



heaters—all readhto use when you receive them. All machines guaran



.ncubotors are shedln. natural colors showing the high do lumber





I25 Egg Incubator and Broader 93,!" 3'0





 

 

 





 





or. Don’t bu until on do this—you’ll save mone . It.

min" before you buy. Send for the nice ca 03 ' y pays to

WISCONQIN INCUEATOR 00-. 80x 11 1 Jackie, Wis.





1





 





 





When Writin¢ to advertisers mention the Michigan Former





 





 





 





 





is





Eleven .

Dlntlnct'

Potent.-





 





 





 

   





 





   

 

   

   

   

 

 





 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

   

 





 

 

   





Buy Form Truckl and Wagons Direct from Factory at Mann

facturorl 003$ with but ONE small per cent profit added.

Don't fall to lecuro our pricel. We defy competition either in

price or quality and guarantee tosave you from $5 to $15 on

every gear. Strictly high grade in every particular. Double





-peer of all wIieelI—lfi spokes instead 0! I2 and 1.4 and every

spoke taken A bolt. A cud will bring catalog showmg different





IIIllSIIAlE IIIIICK ls WAGON 80.. 00M. F. IIIIIsdaII. Mich





 





t cover inferior mm]. nyou will compare our machines wit others oflered at anywhere V

near our price, we will feel sure of your in-

litigate the “Wicca y, or send in your order and save time.
APRIL 2, 191203 a





burned over berry -bushes- coming on. In

ood she. e. , '



8‘ 0f comic, such plants as the dandelion

and milkweed will evér be present. The

clovers have never. promised better, as

they made a'greatvgrowth last fall and

were well protected during the winter

by heavy Snows. the ground being warm

and soft when the snow first fell. As

fruit growing'has attracted the attention

of the farmers in this section of the state

the past few years and is the main issue

with them today, this will eventually help.

Even now it is helping the apiarlst and

the fruit grower who are fortunate enough

to be close together.



The linden or basswood trees are being

cut away very rapidly, so we get very

little nectar from that source here. The

water maple is quite plentiful and yields

a good crop some years. This is a maple

growing on low wet ground. It yields

honey of a light amber color and of very

fair quality. It blooms usually in May,

but some seasons in June, as it did the

past year.





Charlevoix Co. IRA D. BARTLETT.





 





IN ANSWER TO INQUIRIES.





\





Turkeys and Hens Have Canker.



My turkeys and hens have been having

a peculiar disease. They have cankers

and vellow matter in their mouths. Their

heads Swell some and they get blind.



Ionia. Co. Mrs. R.



The sores and yellow patches in mouth

are the result of long neglected colds or

that catarrhal condition which gradually

develops into roup. Had the discharges

from nostrils and eyes been given atten-

tion early the trouble would no doubt

have been remedied before it reached the

canker stage. First, it is necessary to

clean the sores and remove accumula-

tions of the discharge. This may be done

by washing the parts thoroughly with

peroxide of hydrogen diluted one-half, or

with a 1 per cent solution of creolin or





carbolic acid, and injecting the prepara-g





tion into nostrils and mouth with a sy-

ringe. Perhaps a better way is to plunge

the fowl’s head into the solution several

times. ,Then blow powdered borax or

chlorate of potash upon the raw patches

through a. glass tube or a straw. Quaran-

tine the affected fowls and clean up the

old quarters, remembering that the dis—

charges and the droppings from the af-

fected f'owls are full of germs. Then

watch the remainder of the flock carefully

for symptoms of the trouble. Give each

fowl suffering from canker a bread pellet

containing 1 gr. of calcium sulphidethree





times daily and feed nourishing soft food, .





such as bread soaked in milk or beef tea.

. Treatment for Colds.



Mrs. A. S., Gratiot Co.:—-Although you

do not say anything about discharges

from the eyes and nostrils of your fowls,

it; would appear that they suffer from

colds. If neglected, the trouble is‘likely

to become serious. If there are dis-

charges, the head should be thoroughly

cleansed with some mild disinfectant such

as recommended in another part of this

column for treatment of canker. Add six

drops tincture of aconite to each pint of

the drinking water, feed warm, stimu-

lating food and protect the fowls from

dampness and draughts.



Mrs. N. H. S., Eaton Co.:—Make a care-

ful examination for symptoms of cold or

catarrh, such as discharges of water or

matter from nostrils and eyes, and swell-

ings about the head. The tendency to-

ward blindness 'which you mention would

indicate trouble of that sort. The droop—

iness and bovvel trouble probably come

from a generally run-down or weakened

condition incident to a long winter's work

and comparative inactivity. Make sure

that the conditions under which they are

kept are not conducive to colds and the

ills which follow in their wake, and that

their food is clean and wholesome. .If

colds prevail, treat as directed in another

part of this column. Also give a light

purge of castor oil or epsom salts, and

follow up by substituting sculded milk. or

water in which rice has been boiled. for

their regular drinking water.





 





'The prudent bee—keeper will look over

see that all





all his colonies and are

abundantly supplied until the flowers

bloom. Should they be short of stores,





the very best method of feeding is by

setting in combs of sealed honey, as this

keeps the bees in their natural condition

and does not disturb them every little

while, as most other methods of feeding

do. If no combsof honey can be had, the

next best way is to fill combs with good

thick sugar syrup. Then they can be used

thesame as the combs of sealed honey.

In either case, such combs should be

warmed for six hours or more before be-

ing placed in the hives.





 

 





 





   

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 





\





 





     





' ‘ ' ' ‘ . ‘6 9’ ‘3 "'

The Four and a Half Milhon _ Bell g .3 :1

Telephones m This Country Are. an 2

a - . - - 2

Q

_ kaiflmm Telephones g

if... "ll—WWW The telephones that carry messages from New York g

. gig, to Chicago, from Boston to Washington—that transact f

.......n|lllm.~.,1.‘6 the business of the large cities—all are Western-Electric g

' ‘ Hill; telephones. Knowing this fact, would you, or anyone, g

QC buy any other instruments than . .8

. , a» 1 Ir Rural g

V” «13': if c =

- f 9177 f I . Telephones g ,

especially when they cost no more than inferior makes. 2

In all respects they are the same as the “Bell” Telephones. E

o . N :

Reliable instruments that you can depend upon are a

even more important for rural service than City E

serv1cc_-. You know the reliability of Western §

Electric Telephones—the world's standard g

telephones. What do you actually know about others? Don’t let g

yours be the instrument to fall at some critical time in your local servrce. .5

All you need do is to fill out the attached coupon and mail it to our {3

nearest house listed below and we will mail you free this book ‘C g

It explains how you and your neighbors can get 5

'W‘ "““Tz! m" all material and build your lines in a few days Ea

- TM ND 2

3.4,.“ '~ "9". I WESTERN ELECTRIC COMPANY § 8'

I In I I " 7. N°.w York, Chicago. Saint Louis. San Francisco, I; 8

‘ gggltzcrl‘elphm- Indianapolis, Write our 16:33:: City. Los Angeles, a 3

Pittsblirg, Cincinnati. Nearest House Dallas: SeatP‘e- g g <

.- _ ‘ Atlanta. Minneapolis. Omaha. Salt Lake City. h

‘m OUR m“ Montreal Winnipeg Vancouver Antwerp London Berlin Paris 3 z

>‘





   

 





 





 





 

 





 





 





 





 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 





ment trusts, I will send a scale

approval With full information

and no obligation to keep if not

exactly as represen .

The first man gets the introduc-

tory price.





1-

This 5 con scale has new compound beam and beam _box, free. To

who will help me continue my 45 years fight against all scale





in writing. \





‘- .' _,

"JONESHe Pays The Freight”

221 Lee SL, B‘inghamton, N. Y





I WANT A MAN - ARI-E’Yofi'mv Iii‘AN?





I WANT A MAN who knows the profit in buying, selling and

weight, who will be the first one to get the benetit of the intro-

ice on my Steel Frame Pitless Farm Scale. which I have Just





   

 





 

 

   

 





 

 





 





   

 





   

 

 





 





 





BARREN MARE

IMPREGNATOR





Eight out of ten barren mares impreg-

nated first servrce. Price $5. Guar-

anteed. Breedin Outfits Service ,

Books, VigorTab ets for slow Jacks, -’





 

 





 





FREE 30 DAY TRIAL





etc. Write for lb—page Stallion and Jack Journal-free.





   

 

   

 





 





 

 

   





DR. CHAS. L. REA

Dept. N, Kansas City, Mo.





 





 





 





ASTHM.A





CATAR RH

cURED





50c Package

F R E E





 

   

 





.. s

Write

me today





If you suffer with catarrh or asthma. I want

you to try. at my expense. my “Home Treatment."

which In making so many wonderful cures of

chronic and acute cases. I know what It will do

and am therefore willing to stand the expense of

proving my claims. I could not aflord this If my

remedy did not cure.



No matter what you have tried. don’t despair, but

send me your name at once.



My remedy wlll cleanse your system of all Im-

purities and stop that dripping In throat. hawking

and spitting. heal the scabs In none. prevent gasp-

ing for breath and sleepless nights. The deadly

germs of consumption breed nowhere so easily as

In the foul slime of catarrn and asthma.



Send your name and address and I willlmall you

FREE 3 500 package in plain wrapper. and book.





1'. GORHAM,

704 Gorham Bldg.. Battle Creek, Mich.

POST HOLE and





IWA WELL AUG-ER





Buys Itself In Two Days

Does a a '9 work in two hours. Digscfi-fooc hole

fln any kind 0 soil, wet or dry, in three minutes. Bites its way

‘through solid clay, bud-pan. land. gnvul. I! It IIn't the boat

‘ I: over I“. got your money back on toque-t from dealer.

lch our Ilmplo. chappipo ext-anions it's any to dig 40 to au-

bot wolil. Thousands in not. declare evorywhan have It.



Remember the name, IWAN Made by Inn Ilrou.

Boo nun-denier or write us todly. mentioning his name. Mk“

book “ 3y Digging." lull of tip-on digging methods. Dept. U





(9) IWAN BROS.. South Bend. Ind.





BEE KEEPERS’ SUPPLIES.





Fives. Sections. Foundation. etc. Everything for

the bees. Beeswax wanted. Semi for catalog.





BERRY BASKETS.





Order your bee supplies and berry baskets at same

time and savellrelght expenseJPricea given In catalog





 





 





 





M. II. IIUN'I' & SON. I I0 (10th St. Lansing. Mich.





 

 

 





$ .55 Buy: Best

7 BIO-Egg





Incubator

Double case all over; best copper

, lunk,nursery self-regulator. Best

140~ehlck brooder. $4.50. Both or-

(ieredNtogethhcir $11.50. Frelgllt Pre-

.' . omac nesa an rice are

Katharcifiy gear. Write for book today {rpaand price

and save waiting. Samfactiun guaranteed.





BELLE CITY INCUBA'I‘OR (20.. Box 14 Racine. Wls





Send Us 3. Postal for a P





Just your name and address on a postal

brings speciallow prices on all sizes oi





R ACIN Incubators





and Brooders I

~guaranteed to hatch highest percent-

ageofeggs. LiberalTrial Plan. Best ,

Incubator Proposition on the market.

Postal brings all printed matter and v"

Special prices at once. Address





RACINE ggTCHER COMPANY .





 





 





   

 

 





rice





 





 





 

 

 





a;

Q





 

 

 

 





l





 

 

 

   

 

 





 

 

 





   

 

 





Asbestos Ind V

Metal -

Covered





   





My 8. 0. Brown loghorn: lay Eggs.





fi— feeding by ‘

I ‘ ~ d u c t. o r y

i % patented .

_ ‘ such aman

_ fit“ and imple-

_ inX-lll entirely on





' WHIIE lEBHUlIlI COOKERELS





Eggs for

sett I n 3

$1.25 per 15. WM. J. COOPER. Mt. Pleasant. Mlch.





AMMOTH BRONZE TURKEYB and prize-

winnlng BROWN LEGHORN COCKERELS.

MRS. THOS. WYCKOFF. Orchard Lake. Mich.





R. or S. 0:11. C.

White Leghorn eggs

51.50 to $2.50 setting. A. R. GRAHAM, Fllnt. Mlch.



Good size, color,benlthy.





BUII ROGR COCRBrels farm raised. Price from

31.50 up. WILLIS S.MEADE Holly Mlch.B.No 3.





WHITE WYANDOTTES—The unsurpassed

business hen. Eggs $1.50 per 16 or $2.50



per 30. A. FRANKLIN SMITH. Ann Arbor. Mich

eggs for hatchlng from





"IIIIO Wyandolle select breeding pens: 81.00

for 15, $1.50 for 26, $2.50 for 50 and $4.50 per 100.

COLON C. LILLIE. Coopersville. lulchlgan.

R. C. Brown Leghorns, gymnasts;

$5 per 100. C. W. WAITE. Goblevllle. R. 1. Mich.

KEITH makes a apeclalty of S. C. Brown Leghornu,



Barred Plymouth Rocks and PIt Games.

Eggs 01.50 pen-:15. Albert Keith, Wyendotte. Mich.





R. C. and S. G.





$5.00 per 100.



u H Bari-ed Rocks. The Famous Winning Strain.

"INGLET Eggs M .50 per 15 from Select listings. Stock for



sale. Plainview Stock Form, J. W. Salisrd, Prop. Romeo, Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Rhode Island Red Eggs

$1.00 per 15. 82.75 per 50.

BUELL 8303.. Ann Arbor. Mich.





 





 





R 0. R51. Reds—Stock selected from the beat levers

. _ . for years. Great egg record. Farm range. Eggs

lo 01:100 85. F. M. Knapp. Berlin Heights, R. 1. O





0. BROWN LEGHORNS—Egcs for hatching.

k . Write for particulars. LEWIS T. OPPEN.

LANDER. successor to Fred Mott,LansIng. Mich





Don’t Wait to Order 8583mm” W“





_ hem. Order early

and avond the April and May rush. A card will

bring our mating list. I am booklng orders n0w

to be delivered later H. H. KING. Willis. Mlcb

40 $2, 15, $1—Smith select eggs, good measure from world a



I | best Itrulna, Iid.. Wh. & Bf. Bax, R. &S. C. Reds S.(‘.

W,, R. k S C. Br. Legh’u; I’k. Ilka; bred to win lay 8: pay, S'trong





baby chix 15c each. Years of experience. Poultry my busines: Al

study. Circ. W. J. CRAWFORD, R, R. 4, Frazeylburg, Ohio.

m





 





 





 





 





Box Raclno Wis.

BEEKEEPIHG its pleasure and profits. Is the

theme of that excellent and‘hand-

somely Illustrated magazlne. GLEANINGS [N BEE

CULTURE. We send it for six months on trial for

twenty-live cents, and also send free a ell—page book

on bees and our bee supply catalog to all who name

this paper. THE A. I. ROOT Co..Box 54, Medina. 0.





EGGS—EGGS [from my prizawinnlng Single comb Brown

Legllornslnt easy prices. Cockorele, hens and cock

birds for sale. CHAS. W. RUFF, St. Clair, Michigan. Dept. III. F





 





S C. .Bqu OrpIngtons—the great winter layers.

. Finest stock. Solld huff pullets welgh 7%t0101bs.

Eggs $2 per 15. M rs. G. A. Stone, Petersburg. Mich.





 





—SEND FOR OUR

Lay 0" BUSI POULTRY ALMANAC.

Tells how to make your hens “Lly 01" Bust.” also

abouti our wonderful "Lullaby" Brooders. costing

only $1.50 delivered to you. This book In worth one

dollar. and costs you nothing but a. postal card. The

Park & Pollard 00.. 46 B. Canal BL. Boston. Mass.





“ MONEY IN EGGS ”





S. C. Brown Leghorns—My method and farm range

has developed layers with vigor. My eggs produce

layers, one-third Inucler's price and better layers.

$1.50 per 30; 33 per (it): $4 per 100: $6 per 200. Prompt





 





 





I. Reds & White P. Rocks—Cockerels and hens

. for sale bred from prlze-wlnnlng stock. Salis-

factlon guaranteed. Howard Colby. Dentona. Mich.





SINGLE 00MB WHITE LEGHOIIIIS.

EGGS 81 per 15. $5. per 100. Semi for circular.

“World’s Greatest Egg Machines.” SNOWFLAKE

POULTRY FARM. Route 1. Grand Rapids. Mich.

SINGLE 00MB WHITE lEGHOIllI §E§:.,{,‘;5.nhg“§,°.§‘.§§g





I5 for $1.00, 26 for $1.50. 50 for $2 60, 100 for 04.50.

COLON C. LILLIE, Coopersvllle. Michigan.





8 c R l R Eggs for sale—$1.50 per 15: $5 per

' ' ° . - 100. Bred to lay strain. MRS. L. D.

ARMSTRONG. Sunny Spring Farm, Stanton. Mich.





 





 





 





 





(368 FOR HATCHING—Light Brahma. White

Wynndotte and B. P. Rock. .1 a settlng: $1 50 for

2 settings. E. D. BIshop.Route 38. Lake Odessa.Mlch.

from p rl z e-





BUFF ROCK EGGS winning stock.





.1 per setting. FRED DEBBAGE. Clarion. Mich.





STANDARD am a. l. urns-smith





$1.50 per-15: R. C. pens. selected winter layers. 1 pen





 





 





. Shenrmnns 240 egg strain. 8. 0. Beds 02 per 15: R. C.





 





cockerels 02. W. T. FRENCH. Ludlngton. Mich





shipment. J. E. McAR’l‘HY. Enfleld. Illinois.

eggs for hatching from





B‘IIIIED PLYMOUTH IIIIIIK selected breeding pens;





 





 





15 for 01.00, 26 for $1.50. 50 for $250,100 for $4.50

COLON C. LILLIE. Coopersvllle. Michigan.

Barred





Eggs From Haskins’ BUSIHOSS Rocks.





“’hlte. Golden. Silver Wyandottes. Rhode Island

Reds. Fl. 0. and R. C‘. Bull“, White and Brown

Leghorna. Silver Spangled and Penciled Hamburgs.

Eggs $1.50 per 16. Pure bred. free range flocks

$5 per 100. All varietles Duck and Geese Egg,

Turkey Eggs. E. J. IIASKINS. Plttci’ord, Mich, '





S 0. BLACK MINORCAB—Some cholce cock.

. erels and a few yearling hens to spare. Eggs

$2 per setting of 15. R. W. MILLS. Saline. Mich.





—S. C. W.

Y... Bo BRAND Bred to layPegilPrgeai

15. $5 per 100. C. W. YEITER. Alto. Mlchlgan.





 





 





 





 





 





 





DOGS.





RAINED FOX BOUND and H

T for hunting fox and coonsgAlso Coll‘l’eledIIrcIIfi:

z-cent stamp. W. E. LECKY. Holmesvllle. OhIo.





Collie Puppies





to-day for prices.





sable with whlte marklnga thirty

on h- no, more comlng. Writs

W. I. 3085. Rochester. Mlch.
w.r WW. m...“ .





-¢~vfig~wfl€3 .





«auras 4c:- r »





 





 





 





 





.a..._w-.._ .__





388. <28) ”it





harem“?





WINTER-KILLING OFITWREI'E‘S‘.





 





 





 





 





The great plague of the fruit grower is

the ravages of Jack Frost. Other agencies:

have worked much damage and caused

owners of fruit trees to become very

anxious but the possibility of a whole 01‘-

chard and the orchard of a whole. fruit

belt or section being swept out by a few

days and nights of extreme temperature

is a. liability that every





Tl’lB'MICHlC-AN FARMER. , ‘ ‘ ..





up but, if this__cannot be done, cover the.

material with a mineral oil that will ex-

clude the air and thus prevent'the sulphur

in the solution from crystalizing.



There are a few annoying difficulties

to making and using this solution.



First, if the lime used contains much

magnesium (more than 5 per cent), it

does not combine well with the sulphur

and leaves a large amount of sediment

and, too, the lime should contain not

less than 90 per cent of calcium carbonate.

Lime varys considerably in these chemi-

cals and so the best way to find out if

the lime you can get for this purpose is





 





grower must expect to

occasionally c o m e.

The past winter has

not been severe in this

regard. There are a

few, howevcr, who

will have young trees

affected by the cold.

The illustration here-

with is of a tree that,

a year ago. was pro

nounced killed—killed

by the extreme cold of

1908-9. The owner,

who is pictured. did

not wish to destrOy a

possible hope. so he,

instead of uprooting

the tree as most men

would have done, cut

off the top about two

feet from the ground

and waited results.

Developments proved

his wisdom for the top

shown in the cut was

the product of the first

season. By doing as

he did the energies of

the plant were all

forced into the stub and quickly renewed

the partially impairml crowing

thus protcctiug 1h.- wood lblltnth l‘r'tun





tissue,





delay and madw :t nl-w circulatory sys-

10111 for carrying moisturc and mincral

elements from thc soil to aid in building

a new top. Had the tree lwt'll a blaring

one the cutting of the top back hcavily

would have served still another purpose

in helping the tree to recover. It would

have destroyed all possibility of the pro—

duction of a crop of fruit that season

which would greatly add to the tax upon

the weakened powers of the unfortunate

plant.





 





MAKING CONCENTRATED LIME-SUL-

PHUR AT HOME.





 





Everything indicates that more spraying

will be done by Michigan fruit growers

and farmers this spring. than ever bcfore.



It will soon be time to spray orchards

affected with San Jose scale and many

of them are affected. Every man who must

make this spray. is now planning on just

how he will proceed with this necessary

work. The lime-sulphur wash is stiil the

standard material to use, as is attested

by countless tests at the experiment sta-

tions and the good results of practical

fruit growers in Michigan and other

states.



During the last year, a new method of

preparing this wash at home has d'wl-

oped and is attracting much attention.

The advantage of having a solution with-

out a sediment of coarse Iral‘llrlvs that

will bother in the pump and packing 1s

plain to every man who has sprayed vrry

much with lime sulphur. 'l‘he experimlnt

stations of Now York, (Gent-val, and

Pennsylvania have been busy upon this

matter and now a way has been found to

make, at home. the concentrated solution

of lime—sulphur that will do away with

the heavy sediment, that can be cooked

for spraying, can be diluted with clear

water and used in much the same way as

the commercial solutions can be handled.



The formula for this concentrated wash

is as follows:





Lump limo, lbs ......................... 60

Sulphur, gallons ....................... 125

VValt-r. gallons .................... :30



The work of another season may change





this formula somewhat.



'l‘hc lime is slaked to a thin paste and

if the sulphur is added by sifting, it will

help a good deal in breaking up the lumps.

Use enough water so that after one hour’s

hard boiling. 50 gallons of solution will

be left. \Vith a kettle and fire there will

be more evaporation than'where barrels

or tank and steam are used. \Vith a tank

or barrel holding 50 gallons it will not be

handy to make up more than one—half of

the above formula.



After the boiling mixture can be

strained into a. barrel and if it is to be

kept for some time, it should be corked





 





Where Jack Frost was Foiled.





 





a 'l





all right to use is to try a small batch

of it.



Second, it has seemcd impossible to cook

up differcnt lots of this solution and have

them of a uniform strength so it will be

impossible to lt'll just how much each lot

is to lw dilutl-d but by using a hydrometer





 





7 APRIL, ‘ 2, 19m.





 





Pass Along:

The Good 'Wdrd





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Discovery is to-day and has, for over

40 years, been the standard Blood-puri-

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good that the best physicans prescribe

it knowing that its ingredients, which

are printed on its outside wrappers and

attested under oath, are the best known '

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which it is advised.



The great success of Dr. Pierce’s

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If your dealer ofl'ers something “just as good,” it is prob-

ably better FOR HIM—it pays better. But you are thinking





of the cure not his greater profit, so there’s nothing “just

as good ” for you. Say so.





Dr. Pierce’s Common Sense Medical Adviser, In Plain English; or, Medicine

Simplified, 1008 pages, over 700 illustrations, newly revised up—to-date Edition,

paper-bound, sent for 21 one-cent stamps, to cover cost of mailing only. Cloth-

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Freight Prepaid NOW

ong“BBE60” BOOfiflg





Old reliable guaranteed “Breco” Rubber Roofing this year

is better than ever: and, therefore. we make you the most

liberal special-price proposition ever made on Guaranteed

first-quality rubber roofing. Look at the prices quoted on

our three weights of Old Reliable Rubber Roofing, and.re-





 





 





 

 





 

 

 





Lowest

Factory Price

-Fre!ghl Prepaid

Freight Prepaid on 100

lbs. or more.





35-15. R "—108

squint, 31:56

45.11». R “-108

Sq. rt.°—2.ny 1-8—6





   

   

   

   

   





 





the strwngth of tach lot can be determined

ch's should always be done and the

szrrnpth marked on the barrcl or tank or

whatever it is stored in.



_\ Baumc hydromctt-r is a glass instru.

mcnt about a foot long with a weighted

bulb at the bottom and graduated scale

at the top. \R'hen placed in the liquid,

it will displace its own weight, and the

reading on the graduated Scale will indi-

cate the weight and density of the liquid.



The following table for the diluting of

the concentrated lime-sulphur solution

and the amount that should be, diluted

has been determined by careful experi-

ments made by Mr. P, J. I’arrott, the

entomologist of the New York (Geneva)

Experiment station.



Number of gallons

Reading on of water to one gal-

Baume Ion of lime-sulphur





l-Iydromcter. solution for San

Jose scale.





33 .................... l to 9

34 .................... 1t081/2

33 .................... 1 to 8

32 ..................... 1 to 7%

:l .................... 1 to 7%

“:0 ..................... 1 to 7

.‘fl .................... 110 63.;

:48 .................... 110 61/42

.‘7 .................. .. 1 to l}

,g .................... 1 to :33;

-i ..................... 110 51,12

’.4 .................... l I!) 51.1

.21 .................... l to 43;

.L.’ .................... 110 41/2

.'l .................... 1 lo 41,;

2" .................... 1 to 4

19 .................... 1103213

18 .................... l to 31,3

)7 .................... 1103

1') .................... 1 l0 .3 l-S

l") .................... lit) "1’;





For «:xan'iple, if you find upon putting

the liytlromctr-r into the boiled liquid that

the reading on the graduated scale of the

instrument is 26 then you would add to

every gallon of the mixture five and

threw—fourths gallons of water.



These hydrometers can be secured of

dealers in druggists' supplies. An outfit

consisting of one hydrometer graduated to

test the concentrated solutions, one to

test the diluted solutions. and a glass

cylinder to hold the solution being tested,

will cost about $1.23.



This solution, diluted. as directed, is for

spraying dormant trees only. Some tests

have been made in using much greater

solutions as a summer spray but more

tests and trials are needed.



Possibly not many Michigan fruit grow-

ers will care to make their lime—sulphur

wash in this way—there are some annoy—

ing drawbacks to it—but it may be sug-

gested for trial where growers have good

facilities for cooking and for storing the

solution.





Agril. 001., Mich, H. J. EUSTACE. i





55-15. R “—108



Sq. Ft.o-3-l’ly _ 22—6

Orderlodny, or wrllo [or

Free Samples and

Free Book.





member,these remarkably low prices include freight costs.

You cannot buy anything but cheap. low-grade roofing



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“BRECO” Rubber Roofing is made in our own factory, by a



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Absolutely guaranteed to be waterproof, fire-resisting and duraé“

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Write to Us for Three Free Samples to Test—and F roe Book



Get these samples of l-ply, 2-ply and 3-ply roofing. Put them to every test you can think of. and prove to your own

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You run no risk by ordering now direct from this

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“BRECO”. Rubber Roofing does not prove to Nails enclosed in each roll.

be all we claim for it. send it back and we will return





your money.





We Give the Longest Guarantee





   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

   

 





   





 





 





liVPll E38





and our guarantee is absolute. \Ve are ready to make

good on every claim. We pay the freight to allpoints

east of the western boundary line of Minnesota. Iowa

and Missouriantl north oithe south line of Tennessee.

Order at once—now—today and get the benefit of

this remarkable ofier. We may not be able to make

such a liberal ofier again. Write today for Free

samples and book. Delay may cost you money.





THE BREESE BROS. 00-

Roollng Dept. 14 CINCINNATI. OHIO





H on Free Trial l.°.'l‘.°ll.°.l.

PAY AFTER IT HAS PAID FOR ITSELF





No-bank-deposit, no-strings-to-our—“free-trial.” Spray

first. then illyou buy—pay us out oi the “extra profit.” These

sprayers SP AY ANYTHING, potatoes and truck, 4 to 6 rows

at a time. Also first-class orchard and vineyard Sprayers.

“Man-Power" and “Horse-Power." Iligll pressure and

perfect agitation. Vapor Spray prevents blight, scab, rot,

and insects from injuring your crop. Strong and durable.

Brass ball—valves, plunger, cylinder, strainer, etc.

Guaranteed 5 Years.





g Ship ed direct to you at

, ‘ dealer 5 Wholesale rlces.

' We puy freight. ell us

. which sprayer you are inter-

‘ ~ ested in and you’ll at our

valuableSpraying-Gu dc and

Catalog of ‘ all kinds " of

:Jprayers, and our special





 

   

   

   

   

   

 

 

 





   





 





   

   

 





 

 





 





Figure What You lose





The New York Experi-

ment Station,Gcncva,N.Y.,

reports that in an exhaus-

tive experiment, which cov-

ered ten years, the average

“gain duo ton ruyln po-

tutoel ” was 33 bus ole

pcracre. How much would

that amount to on your

cropi—You can increase your

crop just as much, and the

Increase of “ one acre ” will

more than pay {or our

best upnycr. Don’t let your

toe sprayer offer to flu! crop be cut in halt. by

7 in your locality this season. blight, bugs, rot, etc.





1!. L. Hurst Manufacturing Co., 247 North Street. Canton, Ohio





§EEll conulsa BilAcllE





mond Joe's Bic Whlte—A Itrlctly new vul- . None like it. It In the Earliest and Best ms

White Corn In the World—Because" was bred for tgloat Big Runnels. not fancy snow points: because

grown from thoroughbred Inherited stock: every stalk been one or more good can, becuuse scientifically

handled, thoroughly dried Ind properly cured and bud the most risld examination. Blg Seed Catalog

FREE. It tells about Ill best farm, gnu. garden and flower seeds grown. Write for it today. Address





lRATEKIN’S SEED HOUSE, Shenandoah, Iowa.

TREES





, For Beauty

Free booklet tells all about them.





   

   

   

 

   





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





, ‘ V,t\—".‘J:-"u“ {





FOR HORSE POWER





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





GATALPA 25.5.53





".13. ROGERS, zllfilloollanloshllrglo.
‘1.

\





 





 





 





 





l

l





" - ' - , 12 d . A le.Pear.

PeaCh Treesilc Cherry can up pp





1‘





APRIL 2, .1919.





I "is the trade-

mark which is





found on every

bottle of the

genuine





Emulsion





Scott’s





the standard Cod Liver Oil

preparation of the world.

Nothing equals it to build up

the weak and wasted bodies





of young and old. All pianists





 





Band 100., name of paper and this ad. for our

beautiful Savings Bank and Child’s Sketch-

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SCOTT 6': BOWNE. 409 Pearl St" N. Y.





 





 





 





NiiralETfCoda,





The Modern ngh-Grade

m?





Cheapest, Cleanest

Odorless

Can he used anywhere on any crop

Convenient for use

Increases your farm values





$3.00 worth of Nitrate alone on

an acre of Grass has given an in-

creased crop of 1000 lbs. of barn-

cured Hay.





Prime hay has sold for $25 per

ton in New York this season.





Books on the crops which

interest you will be sent free.





Send name and address on Postal Card





 





DR. w. s. MYERS

lilirats Propaganda

7| Nassau Street. New York





 





 





 





EMPIRE STATE





P more a sun: 8

Hand and Power,



, - _ Illustrated and described in our

ea slog—isjne best money can buy. They are Big





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mirage G. J. EMENY .. Fulton. N. Y.





SPRAY 1552;”9'5én‘313

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rapid way. Satisfaction guaranteed if you use

BROWN'S , .





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 





No. 1, shown here, is fitted with Auto-Pop Noulo—



does work 01’ ii ordinary sprayars. Endorsed by Ex. ‘



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sizes and prices in our IRE! BOOK —also valuable



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' V TH: E. a. snow" (manner

32 Jay at, Rochester, N. Y.





   





 





FOR. ALL KINDS OF

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ALSO A FULL LINE OF

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Write this old Reliable House.

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ERNST NURSERIES. Moscow. Ohio.





ALFALFA SEED 30'.§3°gg°:€l3le€:

Wyo. Bank ref, given. TOM ROGERS, Pearl. Mont.

SENSATWN 0A“‘£2§“aa°hb‘ii3§h:'3i’r “Joe;

in 1909. 91 per bushel. Send for sample.



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SEE” confl—Send to Headquarters and the

old original firm for PURE



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- . Swedish Select

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Carefully crown. Legging Sorts. Send for 1910

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Grown in





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Rich!!!“ on new laud tradition: obnoxious weeds.

Ciaanand-good quality. 0. A. one. Hillman. Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





GRAFTING AND G_RA’FTING WAX.





 





How and when 'do you graft? How

can one make grafting wax‘.’ We have a.

few trees on which we would like to

graft. .



Leelanau Co. FARMER'S DAUGHTER.





The best time to graft is just as the

sap begins to move in the spring, as

then the cutting back of the large limbs

is less of a shock to the tree than later,

and the scions “take” better when the

sap is moving than when the tree is dor—

mant. But good results are obtained

from grafting several weeks before and a

month after this time, providing the scions

are dormant when inserted.



To make the graft cut limb off square

with fine well-sharpened saw and split

with grafting knife; Prepare the scion

by cutting lower end wedge shaped with

one side of wedge thicker than other.

Insert into the split while same is being

held open with wedge on end of grafting

knife. Place the growing tissue of the

scion so it will come in contact with the

growing tissue of the stub. This will

necessitate placing scion at side of split.

Put the thick side of scion outward, which

will better insure a close union bclwccn

the stock and scion. Unless the stock is

very small place two scions in the split.

The poorest can afterwards he removed.

\Vhen grafts are placed carefully Wax.

See that all the exposed wood at the end

of scion and stock is covered and the

cracks down the sidcs of the stock caused

from making the split is protected from

the elements. The union of the two

growing surfaces and the waxing arc. the

essential things in successful grafting.



A good grafting wax for warm \vcnilicr

is made by melting togclhcr gradually

four pounds of resin, one pound of bccs.

wax and between half a pint and a pint

of raw linseed oil. (Use linseed oil frcr;

from cottonseed oil). When melted turn

into cold water and pull.





 





SOME SPRAYING QUERIES.





 





I have an orchard that is in grass. [

wiSh to spray this orchard; also wish to

turn hogs and sheep in to eat the grass;

will the poisonous spray mixtures that

fall on the grass while spraying hurt the

hogs or sheep if there does not come rain





soon after to wash off poison into the

ground? When is the proper time to

spray? How many times should I spray?





\Vill you give proportions to mix spraying

mailerial for apples, for scab and codling

mot l ?





Manistce Co. \V. E. ROGERS.



The small amount of poisons deposited

upon the grass by spraying operations will

not endanger the health of stock pastur-

ing in the orchard.



The proper time to spray depends a

great deal upon the season but gcncrally

speaking, for scab, spray bushes before

blossoms open, immediately following,

about two weeks later and again the last

of July or first of Apgust. For codling

moth, use poison with the spray for the

scab, after the blossoms fall, two weeks

later and again during the fore part of

August. Bordeaux mixture is used for

the scab. Use about four pounds of un-

slaked lime, four pounds of dbppcr sul-

phatc to iifty gallons of water. You can

use either paris green or arsenate of lead

for controlling the codling moth. Use

about one pound of puris green to 150

gallons of water or two pounds of ar-

senatc of lead to 50 gallons of water.

When used in combination with the Bor-

deaux mixture, count the Bordeaux as so

many gallons of water, and add the poison

accordingly.





 





 





THE STEEL RED APPLE.





 





No other one variety of apple has

brought to the eastern part of the state

of Michigan as many dollars or given as

much satisfaction to the copsumcrs as

has the Steel Red. It has become widely

known and appreciated, and yet its real

history has never been told through the

medium of the agricultural press. The

true history of this excellent apple was

told to your correspondent by Mr. A. J.

Walsh, now an aged resident of Vl'ayne

county, Mich.



In 1824 Mr. John G. Welsh, father of

the above, came to Michigan to seek a

home in the then almost unbroken wilder-

ness, in the western part of Wayne

county. He took up a farm in the north-

western corner of Livonia township, and

spent a. considerable time in cutting an

opening for some farm buildings and

clearing some land to till, from which he

could support his family.



Through the eagerness of Mr. Walsh

to get as much land cleared as possible

that fall, he did not start on his return

journey to his ‘heme in Niagara county.

N. Y., until after the boatsin Lake Erie





THE MICHIGAN FARMER. ' ‘





 





had been laid ,up for \the . winter. On

with a widow woman, 'at whose home

there happened to be an old-fs‘shioned

paring bee that eveningfirBefore leaving

on his tramp on foot across Canada in

the morning, he asked for and was given

a considerable quantity of apple seeds

from the apple cores that were about to

be thrown away. The seeds were dried

and put away subject to his call the fol-

lowing spring.



The next spring Mr. Welsh moved his

family across Canada with an ox team,

callcd for his apple seeds, and went to

work to mukc. a home for himself and

then small family. One of the first things

he did whcn spring opened was-to spade

up some ground. made what was then

called ll. large bed. and planted, in regular

manner, those apple seeds.



By the time the applc trccs were three

years old ho had clcm‘ml i). considerable

opcning on tho wcsl side of the farm.

He sct ion acrcs to those young apple

trees, thus making a good start toward

furnishing fruit for the family, even if

it was natural fruit.



A fcw ycai‘s lzilcr some professional

engraftcrs came from Ohio. bringing with

thcm lurgc bundlcs of scions of scvcra'l of

the popular improved variclics of apples.

Mr. “'clsli cugugcd illcm i0 cngraft his

orchard. ordcring thcm to set all of One

side to Grccnings.



Ycais passcil by. the trecs were pruned

and cared for and all bore fruit true to

mime exccpt a, part of the outer row on

tho Grooming SliiC of tho orchard. On that

row, insicarl of grcon “DDiOS there were

some handsome rcd ilDDii‘S' shaped con-





 

 





(29)





3.89

TWO things are





made for farmers





' ‘3.





and fruit-growers that

are the beét of their

kind. .



C. T. Reynolds. Paris

Green and Devoe Arsenatc

of Lead. The former to

be used on potato vines or

anywhere else Where dry.

powder parasite poison is

needed. The latter for

spraying trees or other

growing things; comes in

paste form, to dissolve in





water. ’





When you are ready to buy

either or both of these, be

sure you get the real thing. 2





Devoc & Raynolds Co.





 





sidcrobly like the Grccuiugs, with little

specks on the surface. a icmlcr skin, and

hard cuough to kccp through the winter.

Vi’hcn those applcs mcllowcd zit midwintcr

they were found to bc supcrior, as an

eating applc, to anything cvcr soon be-

forc. Thc fume of thoxc apples spread

rapidly, but tlic name by which they were

to be known was scttlcd upon after a

considerable discussion, and Steel Rod

was the name given, and is the name by

which they have been known.



As to where the stock come from that

produced the Steel Red, is a matter of

mere conjecture, as there is nothing like

them anywhere else in this or any other

country. It has been belicvcd by the men

who were familiar with the circumstances

that those engrafters run short of Green.

ing Scions and cut some from a tree in

that young orchard, which produced those

red apples.



Mr. Vl'elsh was so well pleased with

those Steel Red apples that he continued

to enlarge his orchard, engrafting to

them, until he had forty acres bearing

trees, all of this one variety. They'proved

to be a veritable mine of wealth to him

as the demand for them always cxcccded

the supply. The regular price for them

was one dollar pcr bushel either in Dc.

troit or among the farmers along any of

the main traveled roads. Before the M.

C. R. R. was built he hauled them by the

wagon road as far west as Marshall and

Battle Creek. After the advent of the

railroads. they were shipped in car lots

to Chicago, Mr. Welsh naming the price.



The original Steel Red orchard on the

old Welsh farm is a thing of the post,

but the scions have been used liberally

in the orchards on the eastern side of the

state, and buyers, in any part of the

country, when in quest of the best and

most satisfactory apple, both to look at

and to eat, know where to go in order to

secure what they want in any quantity.

The majority of the fruit is generally con—

tractcd for on the trees, long before pick-

ing time.



Wayne Co.





CATALOGUE NOTICES.





N. A. CLAPP.





 





. Hill's.1910 Catalogue and Planting Guide

is published by D. Hill, of Dundee. Ill..

specuilist in evergreens and the largcst

grower of same in America. It illustrates

not only the practical use of evergreens

in ornamental planting. but lists his line

of other plants and shrubs and small

fruits. ’



Crawford's catalogue of strawberry

plants and other small fruits is sent by

M. Crawford Co., of Cuyahoga Falls,

Ohio. giving complete information about

their 1910 sclection of these fruits.



Indiana Silo (.70., of Anderson, Ind,

send a. ESQ-page catalogue profusely illus~

trated, showing superior features of their

stave silos and illustrating numbers of

them in actual use upon dairy farms, and

containing much valuable information re-

garding the use of silage.





 





One aper- Worth the Price.

I can't say, like some of your sub-

scribers, that I have taken your paper





for years, but instead have taken The

flange-rt for two weeks and one article in



e rs copy was worth the '

price to me. whole year s





R MAROIN.





New York Chicago Kansas City





Makers of pure paints—no other kind





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





mat trial collection of

farm eds. composed of 1 e (32.

the cereal and hay wonder. 1 deer

Kina Barley. cafturing the world grim

with ilahus. er . 1 ReuBonanza ate,

_ [bur fine farms for big est

elds. 1 ‘11 ton Dollar Graes.the Ten on

rass Wonder. {Salzer’s hardy luxuri-

ant Alfalfa. endorsed (>11 Gov. Hoard as

the best on earth and 1Frve other packages.

All for 100 in stamps or send 14c and we add

a sample package of Nameless Corn. Try to name

our new corn, whether or not. you buy a sample

packet. Bend in a name. Entrance is free. If

mother sends same (acceptable) name as you, the

_ prize will be equally divided. We ofl‘er





$500.00 IN GOLD





._ \ for a name. Write to-dsy. We are the

' largest growers of form and vegetable seeds.

> , Catalog Free. Name Contest ends May 10th.

' JOHN A. SALZIR IIID co. ‘

9-8,. Oil! 80. La crease. Wis.





 





 





Does perfect work. Fully

guaranteed. _Write for illustrated

catalogue of Diggers, Pickers and Sorters.

THE HOOVER MFG. 00.. Box No. 46. Avery. Ohio.

Transfer points—Buffalo, N. Y.; Detroit, Mich; St. Paul,

Minn.; Marshulitown, 111.; Idaho Falls, Iil.; Portland,

Ore.; Spokane, Wash.; Winnipeg, Mum; Hamilton,

0nt.; Fond du Lac, Wis.





EVERGREENS





38 Hardy Tested Varieties





Nursery grown, suitable for all pur.

poses. 85.00 and up per thousand. We

have 50 millions. Our low prices will .

astonlsh you. Also Hardy Forest trees, _ .

Shade, rnnmcntal and Fruit trccs,



Shrubs, Vines,etc. Our beautiful Catalog is crowded l





 





 





 





 





 





with valuable information. This and 50 Urea-t Bar-

gain sheet are free.

D. HILL, Evergreen Specialist, Bot 230., Dundee, Ill-





VICK





 





 





Where Quality Counts





 





 





Guns .

Covert, Mich., March 14, 1910.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





You may be able to save a

few cents by buying ordinary

sccd instead ofVlck Quality Seed.

but you will count your loss in dol-

lars when you come to gather your

crop. “'49 have been proving this to

thousands of gardeners (luring the past

sixty years. “'0 huvejust issued

Vick's Garden and Floral Guide ior 1910—

tho 61st edition—bigger, better and. more

helpful than over. Free.



Write ior your copy (0-day.





JAMES VICK'S SONS 438 Mm Siam. Rncursrrn l. V.

m





PURE BRED SEED BURN.





Johnson County (Indiana) white and yellow Dent

Seed Corn; Winners Grand Sweep Stakes and 810.000

prizes at Chicago and Omaha National Corn Exposi-

tions. Plant the Best. Shipped from Indianapolis

or direct from Johnson Count . We ship shelled

only. Price 82. PER BUSHEL. sacks included.

Mail your order promptly.





J. G. HERMANN s (10., lndianapolis, lndisna

[ATE rerosxsr SEED POTATCES





The coming main-crop potato.

Pleases grower and enter.





CARPENTER BROS» I. l. Williamsltllrg. Mich.





Quality

Seed





 





\
THEMICHIGAN FABMEH P0





begun on March 12, and ends April 30,)





 





 





.f ..l.,.>.





l





390 (3°? . THE MICHIGAN, FARMER. ,





 





APRIL 2,, 1910. '





And Description of Premiums Given Away.





To the boy or girl who secures the greatest number of points during this Contest (which





we are going 'to ship, all charges paid by us,





 





“Beauty,”

Cart,





Harness,





Saddle,





 





 





 





etc., etc.





A Safe Mount for Boy or Girl.





if you do not win the Pony and Outfit you may take your choice of any of

the premiums shown here, according to the number of points secured. Or, if you

would prefer to he paid in cash for your work we will arrange to pay you hand-

somely, and will promise that our terms will be entirely satisfactory to you.





pttt forth.





Now, girls and boys. just a word about the premiums listed here. \Ve wish to

say that in selecting them We have done our best to secure the premiums that we.

know you will like best. and another thing, they are not cheap, shoddy goods. but

are of the very best quality, as the different firms from whom we have pur-

chased them are the leaders of the, country in their lines. The name of the man- on eat-h one.

ufacturcr of each article is proof of their A 1 quality and we can without. any

hesitation recommend and guarantee them to give absolute satisfactzon. so do not





 





 





 





 





Any Child Can Ride or Drive Beauty.





spare any effort in working for Beauty and the Outfit, for if you do not come first

in the Contest you are sure to get a premium that is worthy 0f the effort you





We have put a cash price on every premium so that you can buy any of them

if you wish. In connection with this we' will state confidentially that the price

placed upon each article is much lower than you can get the same quality for at

retail and when purchasing from us you save all transportation charges as we pay

them ourselves, so in buying these, articles all it costs you is the price marked





it you are not in the Pony Contest send us your name and address today. For

particulars address Pony Contest Editor, Michigan Farmer, Detroit, Mich.





 





EAGLE

RU SSET





Assortment





twill A select and high-grade as-





”ttlmmle‘MJ sortment. The contents are all





REG. U.S. PAT.OFFICE





liltilliiliiillltl . 71'9““ it





Ill .





titty.





LIN-[fl “WIW ' . in Russet color. The box itself

«REYtAllLEPENL‘ILt'UNEl‘l/Yfll-YK is very handsome, being unique

in shape and style. with hinged

cover and decorated with rich

paper, in choice colors and fancy

designs.



CONTENTS.





One Rex Fountain Pen with 14»

karat Gold pen, guaranteed.

One filler for same.

One Spear Pencil with extra box

of leads.

, One Magic Knife.

, One Combination Pen and Pen.

. cil Holder.

One metal box containing 1 doz.

Assorted Steel Pens.

Price $1.00, or 15 Points.





 





 





lZ-Gauge, Take-Down “Marlin” Pump Gun.





Special Rolled Steel barrel; uses 2% 0r r;{;-inch shells; black and smokeless powders; fully proved with excessive loads.

Full choke barrels guaranteed to pattern more than 325 pellets of No. 8 chilled shot in a. 30-inch Circle at 40 yards, Butt

stocks are black walnut; hard rubber buttplates. The take—down feature in this gun is the simplest ever dthsed. Cash





price $23.25, or 38OWS.





 

 





.22 CALIBER RIM-FIRE.





It handles the .22 short cart-





. -. . ' ' e d in accuracy and reliabilitY-

This is a thorough repeating rifle in every Way, guarant 9 It handles also the





ridges, black and smokeless, regular and mushroom, for all small game and target work up to 50 yards. Thi mmunitlon



.22 C. B. caps, black and smokeless, of all makeS, excellent for small game and short range.tt.£ll‘g€t work. S a



is the cheapest made; you quickly save the price of your rifle in the reduced cost of ammnm ion. . . ‘

Rifle holds 15 .22 short cartridges or 18 .22 C. B. caps at one loading. Regular .22 caliber front and rear lflights;a fig???



of best quality gun-frame steel; blued finish. Black walnut stock; steel buttplate. blued finish. Remova 2e s1 21:000.



Rifle takes down without tools, 'by removing the tang thumb-screw. Rifle wlth 23-inch round barrel, 4 lbs. 028. - .





or 160 polnts.





No. l A PREMO JUNIOR-





 





This is a camera of the box type with

universal focus lens, the simplest instru-

ment for picture-making that can be de-

vised; and it produces excellent results

in the hands of the children or the grown-

up amateur.



'l‘his model loads'in daylight with the

Premo Film Pack. ,Open lj-ack. drop in

film pack, and all is ready. To make ex-

posure, point camera at any object, locate

same in tinder, press button, and it’s pho-

tographed.



Two finders and two tripod sockets for

horizontal or Vertical pictures are sup-

plied and the shutter is absolutely auto~

matlc working for time or instantaneous

exposures without previous setting.



This model makes gléX‘ilflg-jnk'h pictures

and permits the. removal of one or more

films at any time for development in tray

or tank.



Simple instructions necessary are in~

eluded with each camera.



Cash price, $2.85, or 46 points.





350-SHOT





 





 





Automatic Repeater with break—down

action. Magazine holds 350 air rifle shot.

Mechanism extremely simple. By remov:

ing one screw all parts can be removed

for inspection or replacement, something

never before accomplished in an air rifle.

The gun you have been looking for. Beau-

tiful walnut stock,,nickle~steel barrel and

peep sights. Length, 30 inches; weight,





 





1 lb. 14 oz. Cash price $1.25, or 25 points.





UNTEST
‘5





   





 





APRIL 2, 1910.





KDOGRA PH. f

A JPerfectMOVing’ Picture Machine





 





 





 





 





For home entertainment. As far ahead of the magic lantern as the electric light

is ahead of the candle. Any boy or girl can operate it. Is constructed as scientifi-

cally as the larger moving picture machines seen in theaters, etc. Equipped with

5-cell battery and a 5% candle power light. Shows a large and distinct picture.

Size 3x5 feet. The dry battery and small candle power light does away with all

danger of burning of films so that it is absolutely safe for any child to handle. In-

structions with each machine. Cash price $4.25, or 68 points.





 





Closed.





 





Open.





This table is one of the most convenient pieces of furniture a home can have.

It can be folded up and Carried to any room in the house, or taken on a picnic.

For a. table on which to play games or for a study table it is just the thing. It is

perfectly strong, durable, and firm. We furnish them in light or dark oak, 30x30,

Or 36x36, round or-square, felt top or plain wood, at the following prices: 30x30,

$3.75, or 60 points; 36x36, $4.25, or 70 points. Sent by freight prepaid.





 





High Grade Pocket “Knife





. EASY OPENER.





 





 





Will give the user entire satisfaction. Brass lined; blades are made of the best

English cast steel, hardened and tempered by experienced workmen and are sent

out ready for use with instructions how to keep them in condition. Can send Stag

Horn handle knife if preferred. It is without the eaSy opener feature but other:-

wise is of same material. These knives retail at all dealers for 75c and up. Our

price 45c; or'8 points.





 





 

 





HandsomeWildwood





BERRY

SPOON





. Reliance plate is made by the Oneida Community and is guaranteed for 10

years’ wear.‘ For sale “by all leading IeWelers and in offering it we can guarantee

its quality. 'Made on‘ an 18'per cent Nickle Silver Base, 5 oz. Silver Plate, 25 per





 





Length sg; Bowl may; i...





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





.t e—T-<.__s_ —._...‘sam- as»! .





No. 1 Mirchara‘





     





This board has been wonderfully improved this year by adding to it patent

felt cushions and ring pocketing device. This makes it: everything that the heart

can desire. The crokinole panel is fine imitation Mahogany and the balance of

the board white maple, selected stock, natural wood finish. It is 28 inches square

with round corners. It has deep reversible net pockets. The centers are ‘3—ply

veneer, light yet very strong. The entire board is left with an elegant rub finish

which makes the finest shooting surface possible. Sixty-two pieces of equipment

go with this board. Fifty—eight delightful games can be played upon it.



We have made arrangements whereby we can furnish these-boards for only

$3.00 each, which is much less than regular price, or sent free for 50 points.





HANDSOME MISSION





WAll BLOCK





A very beautiful clock that will orna-

ment any home and be an article of

permanent usefulness. Finished in

dark, Mission oak; face 13x13 inches,

entire length 25 inches. Gilt cast figures,

brass hands and 4%-inch brass face

weight on pendulum. Fitted with

best grade





Gilbert EightaDay

Strike Movement





making it a first-class, serviceable

time - keeper.

The same clock can not be bought at





retail for less than $6 to $8.

Price $3 or 50 points.





 





 





 





 





WALL HA'T RACK.





The frame is made of pressed steel.

Ormola gold finish baked on. French

chip edge, mirror in center, and six re-

movable hooks. Two hangers. This is

so well made that there is practically

no wear—out to it under any ordinary

usage. Weight boxed about 41/; pounds.

Just the thing for your room. Cash

price $1.50, or 25 points.





Album Base Ball Suit





Holds three COMPLETE





hundred cards.

Has hanesome With Cap and Belt.

black alligator

grained paper Padded Trousers,

cover; title 15 (Double padding)

embossed in . _

gold; has rein- Plain Gray Wlth

forced binding, , ' _

stitched and stuffed to prevent bulging. leg 01‘ blue trlm

Leaves are of heavy black crash paper, lIllIlgS, as preferred.

machine perforated, holding three cards SlZGS 6 to 15.



to a. page, two horizontal and one vertical. .



Any card can be removed without dis- 08.811 price $1.75

turbing the others. Size. nine inches wide 01' 30 pOIDtS.

by 11 inches long. ThlS IS a very superior , ~—

album and will certainly please every post .



card collector. Cash price 50 cents, or 10 GOO Rea lng





points.





PEN KfiIFET





 

 





 





 





 





 





 





Boys' Books

By J. Fenniinore Cooper

1 Deerslayer. \\

2. Last of the Moliicans.

3. Pathfinder.

4

5





 





The Spy.



Prairie.

The author's name is sufficient guaraih

tee for the merit of this set of books.

Two razor steel blades; brass lined. Regular price 50c each. Our price for

Handle is three inches long, flat and very whole set, $1.80, or 29 points.

thin. Length, with blades open, 61/1, in. Girls’ Books

Mention knife No, 109. Retails at 50c. By Rosa N. Carey,





 





 





Our price, 35c, or 5 points. 1. Merle’s Crusade.

2. Nellie’l Memories.

' 3. Our Bessie.

Fancy Gilt Clock. 4. A... m...

5. Esther.





Beautiful Gold Plated

frame. lacquered so it

will not tarnish, 3—inch

ivory finish dial, gilt cen-

ter, beveled plate glass.

Reliable one-day move-

ment with alarm attach-

ment. Stands 10% inches





Not cheap fiction but good, sound, sen-

sible reading for girls. Something that

will elevate. Regular price 50¢ each. Our

price for the whole set, $1.80, or 29 points.





 





If you are not in the Pony Contest and

us your name and address today for par-

ticulars.





 





 





cent heavier than Standard A 1. Cash price 70c, or 11 points.





high. Cash price, $1.70, or 27 points.





 





lPony Contest Edltvor, Michigan Farmer,

Detroit, Michigan.
{’In 021va Well ear. wepublwli

Lacts» «some Automobde Advertisingte

31'1wa braggadocw .





 





”l5; '





 





@9613





 

 





II'INUH'

lellt‘





 

 





 

 





1P l





v.‘





*1





ll\-





 

 





“j





 





U

I





 

 

 





[$3 .. "6-3 A _ W:35" L





“ It Only” Costs 29 Cents a Day to Run This

Maxwell Runabout 100 Miles a Week”





Our recent advertisement showing in actual figures the l_ov_v_' cost of maintaining our big Maxwell touring car aroused

greater public interest than we predicted. The results proved that we were right in believing that most people

want to know just how much a car costs to run—before they buy it. We wait with interest to see if other makers

dare follow our lead and tell how much their cars cost to run. Among thousands of letters received, hundreds have

been from farmers who have no need for a big five-passenger touring car. These ask for similar figures On our famous

Maxwell runabout. Here they are! We gladly show h0w little it costs to operate this Maxwell. lts remarkable

econom and great u_t____ility—for pleasure and business—appeal to thoUsands of people who have considered even a

horse and buggy beyond their means.





 





 





 





 





Here This high-class Maxwell runabout can "I have had one Of your runabout: for a year. amt Cheaper to With (Shis . runalbout

r ra “13 13 ‘1“ 1m-



'0() il 1‘ have kept an accurate record of all my expenses. I am .you .

be run m es a Wee at a l—Otal surprised to find that it only cost 29 cents a day to run this Leer) than a ited—you can drive





are the co__s_t of $2. 05 (or 5, 000 miles a year

F rgures for _$l06.40). This includes total

cost of gasoline, oil and grease neces-

sary; the total tire expense, including the cost of the

average number of punctures and one extra casing

and three extra innertubes (more than usuallyrequired).

These figures, established by Maxwell owners,

represent an average total cost. Here's a fair sample

of the letters we receive from owners of Maxwell

runabouts.





Any hill that any car will climb this car will climb. The name





Maxwell [00 miles a week. My total expense for 5, 000

miles was $106. 40—itemizerl as follows:





"Gasoline, 2 l 7 gallons, $43. 40; oil, 20 gallons, 3 l 0;

one pail grease, $1.60; 3 spark plugs, $3.00; one new

spring, $3.50,- small repairs, $2.60; five punctures vulcan-

ized, $2.50; one extra casing and tlzree extra inner tubes,

$39. 80. I have never been laid up on the road for repairs

and my car is going better than ever. "





GEO. B. RICHARDSON.

Facqimr‘le of complete letter sent on request





“ runabout " does not





do it justice—it is a 2 passenger touring car with aspeed of 35 miles per hour. Of





 





 





course we can not guarantee that everyone will run this Maxwell at the exact cost above





stated—it is an average.





Many Maxwell owners do better.





There are few who cannot





afford to keep this runabout and we want you to knOw what a convenience it-is.





MAXWELL-BRISCOE MOTOR co.





MAXWELL SALES TO DATE

SOLD TO FEBRUARY 28, ’10 . 23229





SOLD DURING MARCH, . 1’723

MAXWELLs 1N USE 'it‘ODAY, 243952





WATCH 11-11:: FIGURES GROW





FIG STREET, TARRYTOWN, N. Y.





Newcastle, Ind" Pawtuelret, R. 1.,

Licensed under Seldm Patent—Member: A LA «4!,





Providence, R. 1., Kingsluul Point, ".7.





Horse and Buggy T1710 miles a day





-—or more. When

not in use all expense stops—a horse 1s a constant





care and expense. ' Three horses will not do the work

of this runabout—yet one horse costs more to keep.





Consider the saving in «time; l5 minutes each day





’ is all that Is required to fill it with oil, gasoline, etc.





Compare this with the time taken to feed, groom and

harness a horse. Anyone can drive the Maxwell

With half an hour s practice.





Send for Send for the "Economy Run- / H

—These about Booklet." Also copies / l

of our magazine The ' I

Books Co-Operator" a n d /.

“How to Judge an I

Automobile" —a practicaltreatiSe /

on motor cars, together witl_ , ' ,' ,' |

our latest catalog. You ‘ - .' .' .‘ 0.. I

will find them mighty . ' .' . ' q.“

. . . . . «o «-

1nterest1ng. _ - _ - .- o . I

P1 1111 t / ' ' ' at: *°

else on coupon ‘ i . ' 0

with your name and / . - - fléfiéifooé‘éfi '

address, or if name . - 99% . ' g9,s ~§ I? I

convenient, sen Q, g. G o ‘Q‘fi.

a postal—iust / é”- Q Q ":9

say “Mail / é" 29 $59" °° l

Book..flv L—————.—-__—.l