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558 (2)





FARM NOTES.





 





A Substitute for Hay.



Would you please tell me through the

Michigan Farmer what would be a good

crop to raise to take the place of hay,

as my meadows are so light it will not

pay to leave them? I have raised millet

but do not like it for horses. Do you

know of anything else?



Wayne Co.



None of our common forage plants

which can be sown or planted at this

season of the year make a very good sub—

stitute for a hay crop. On soil suited to

them, oats and peas make a. fairly good

substitute for clover or mixed hay. but

they should be gotten in early for good

results. Soy beans can still be success—

fully grown for hay, but where one is not

familiar with a crop it should be tried

experimentally before being used as a

dependance for forage to maintain the

farm live stock. \Vhere no earlier pro-

vision has been made for a surplus of for-

age, there is nothing better to do at this

season of the year than to increase the

area planted to corn. Corn is the king of

forage crops for this climate and more

feed per acre can be produced from it

than from any other crop which might be

grown. Increasing the area of corn will

break up the regular crop rotation in an

undesirable way and make necessary some

definite plan for the future handling of

the fields so used. However, this is an

after consideration not involved in this

inquiry, so we will not attempt to discuss

it in this reply.



Eradicating Milkweeds.



. I have a 15—ac1’e field of sandy soil that

‘is OVer-run with milkwced. “'hat would

you ”commend as .1 remedy? I have

,bt en thinking of sowing it to sweet elm er

111d letting it 19- seed itself for several

years. Do you think it would smother

them out?



Kent Co. R. B.



Milkweeds are rather difficult to kill,

owing to the fact that they spread from

root stocks which lie at a considerable

depth in the soil. They can, however, be



successfully killed by a single season of



thorough cultivation, not allowing them

to appear above the surface, as no plant

can survive for long without developing

leaves Another verv good method is to

lullstllle the held with sheep since sheep

like a variety of feed and will trim the

stalks of theii leaves quite effectually.



The ‘writer once eradicated a rank growth



of milkweeds in the edge of a swamp ad-

joining a pasture field in this way, It is

improbable that sweet clover used in the

way suggested, would smother them out.



Many farmers object to sweet clover as a

wood, but, in the writer‘s opinion, it is

worth experimenting with as a forage

plant and if sown should be cut for hay

before it reaches a fibrous stage of growth.

It would be better to try it on a small

scale and sow the balance of the field to

alfalfa, if the soil is sufficiently fertile,

although alfalfa can not be considered a

sure crop in most sections of our state.

All things considered, probably summer

fallowing this field, or planting it to a.

cultivated crop from which the weeds are

kept thoroughly in subjection would be

the best way of handling it.



Seeding Worn Land to Clover.

Will you kindly give me a little help on



solving a problem on a certain field I

have been trying for two years to get a

crop of clover on? This field is a gravel

soil (not sand) but has been cropped for

many years without putting any manure

on to assist it, until it is considerably run

down. If I could get a good catch of

clover would turn it under and bring it

up from that. Last fall I sowed to rye

and seeded. The rye has come on good

and bids fair to be a good crop but the

c'~lo\e1 is a failure. Vi ould it be a good

plan to wait until about June 1 to 15 and

then plow the rye unde1, then keep it

worked well until late enough to i‘e—Seed

to rye, then seed it again with a nuxture

of seeds. or would it work to sow w1nter

vctch about August and pasture that for





SUBSCRIBER.





a few years, then come back to the

clover? 1 care nothing for the crop of

rye now growing, and have plenty of





stock to pasture it for say two years.

(lne party recommends plowing in the

fall and at the same time seeding to

clover, (that is, to sow the clover and

plow under). Kindly give me some light





on the subject.

Ogemaw Co. W, H, S.





The uncertainty regarding the weather

lwhich may prevail during the season

-1nakes it ditlicult to advise intelligently

regarding the best method of handling a,

field of this kind in order to get it seedcd

to clover. If it were plowed soon, a good

seed bed prepared and the moisture con-

served by working it after each rain, it

might be seeded with success by sowing

to clover and timothy early in August,

either with or without a cover crop, as

might be desired. The rye that is plowed

down would furnish some vegetable mat-

ter and the continued working would

make such plant food as is in the soil

available for the young plants as soon

as the seed was sown. Then this thor-





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





the whole mass is evenly wetr you can

thus regulate it so that it is not slushy

at one point and dry in another, but

thoroughly wet and in the same degree





ough preparation of the seed bed would





. kill the weeds which would spring up near





the surface, giving the grass the best of

opportunities to get established. The only

question about the success of this plan

is having the clever get large enough

to withstand the winter .successfully. We

know of one farmer who has uniformly

secured good results from this plan. This

man sows about one peek of rye per acre

at the time of seeding to afford some

cover for the grass and states that he

has secured very good crops of rye from

this thin seeding and has never lost a

clover seeding when he has followed this

plan. All things considered, we believe

this would be the best method of treating

this field to be sure of getting it seeded

so as to afford pasture next year. Vetch

is a valuable soil builder and is consid-

ered a good crop to grow, by SOIne farm-

ers who have tried it. although others are

not nearly as enthusiastic regarding it on

account of its tendency to degenerate into

a Weed and also 011 account of the high

cost of the seed. By seeding as above

advised, or by using a mixture containing

more grasses,-you could be practically

sure of getting a stand of grass that

would make good pasture and, under any-

thing like favorable weather conditions,

a good clover seeding might be secured.

The rye might be clipped back in the

spring if desired, or some cover crop

might be substituted for it, such as buck-

wheat or oats, which would not live over

winter.





MAKING GOOD CONCRETE.





 





PrOper Mixing of Materials.





Much faulty concrete work is the direct

result of mixing, as I have found hun-

dreds who condemned concrete when they

did not give it a chance, and considered

that if the material was placed together

in a haphazard fashion it was enough.



If the materials are not evenly mixed

while dry, and so preServed during the

wetting process, the result is that your

concrete work will not be satisfactory,

for the cement and aggregates will each

be bunched together, one portion of your

mix will have the largest proportion of

cement and too little gravel, with the

oposite result in the other portion.

This leaves weak spots in your concrete

which will crumble, as you have not





given proper attention to the mixing. If'





your concrete, when dry, is not of the

same degree of hardness throughout, if

you can, with a hammer, easily crumble

spots of the wall while others are hard

and firm you can rest assured that the

materials have not had a proper chance.



I have used 1:8 concrete which, at the

age of three months, I could not batter

with a hammer to cause it to crumble, in

fact have struck it an ordinary blow with

a heavy hammer and without causing any

marked effect.



To secure an even mix, place oneshalf

your sand and gravel upon the mixing

board, spread this out as thin as the

board will allow; now place your cement

upon this and the balance of the aggre-

gate and mix by turning with a shovel.

In this operation, do not simply take up

a shovelful and dump it down again, as

that only increases your labor. Lift the

shovel from two to two and one-half feet

above the mixing board and tip to one

side, the result is the sand, gravel and

cement pours down in a stream, mixing

together as it falls to the board. This is

no mole work as, with a little practice,

you can do it as rapidly as you can in

any other way and with one—half the

labor of mixing.



The mass should be a uniform color

when mixed and before the water is sup-

plied. If you can find spots in same of

clear sand you can rest. assured that those

spots will be weak in your work and if

you do not mix until the whole mass is

uniform, of one color and density, the

fault is yours.



The number of times that the mass is

mixed dry must depend upon the condi-

tion of the sand; when this is dry the

mass requires less turning and will be of

uniform color with but three turnings or

mixings; if the sand is damp or wet it

will not mix evenly and Will require from

six to seven turnings to bring it to the

uniform color and even proportion of ma-

terials.



In adding the water do not dash it upon

the mass with a pail but use a hose with

a sprinkler nozzle or an ordinary sprink-

ling can. The reason is simple, when a

heavy stream of water is used it washes

the fine particles of cement and sand

away from the coarse gravel and undoes

the work you have done in mixing. When

the water is applied in a number of fine

streams you cover a greater space and





over the entire mass. It may seem wrong

to state that you can wet. a batch of con-

crete quicker with a sprinkling can than

with a pail, 'but a trial will prove to you

that this is a fact; you can place the

water faster with a-pail but it does not

reach a large part of the mass, while

other parts are too wet and in attempting

to remedy this you require more labor

than to employ the sprinkling can, which

insures you an absolutely even wetting.



Again, some imagine that a box is the

proper thing to use in mixing concrete

and while it does well, yet to employ the

hoe you must wet the mass so that it is

slushy and the result is that your heavier

particles, the pebbles, are in the bottom

of the mass and the finer material upon

the top, the consequence is that you are

not securing the uniform and even pro—

portion you have been endeavoring to

accomplish.



I have found that a flat mixing board.

for ordinary work, boards nailed together

to make a platform about 7x12 feet, was

the best. This allowed the mass to be

spread out upon the same thinly and then

turned over without bunching together

too much. It has also the advantage of

being much quicker and if the above in-

structions as to mixing are carried out

the mass will be of the same proportion

and density throughout.



Wayne Co. A. A. HOUGHTON.





> THE TENANT FARMER.





 





In reply to some of Edward Hutchins‘

questions in a recent issue of the Mich-

igan Farmer, will say that I think he is

putting it pretty strong when he says

that the average farmer who owns his

farm unincumbered is just about making

both ends meet. If there ever was a

chance to make money at farming it

seems to me that at the present prices

of all kinds of farm produce the oppor-

tunity is before 11s now. Admitting the

high price paid for labor, the large i11—

vcstment required for the necessary

horses, and tools to work it with, and

still allowing for some ill luck. I cannot

see why, if there is any money made in

hiring a man to work on a farm why

there is not money for this day laborer

to farm it on shares for himself.



I farm 160 acres on shares. “'e work

it on the one-half plan, not so good a

chance as the two—thirds plan stated in

Mr. llutchins' example, and can truthfully

say we are making a good living and

some money besides, but the point I wish

to bring out is this: W'e will say, for

instance, that if I can work 80 acres

alone and realize any profit at all, then

why could I not realize the same profit

by hiring a man to work the other 80

acres, thus doubling my income or a little

more than that, for the expense of living

would not be any more to work the 160

acres than it would be to work the 80

acres except the board of the hired help.



As to your last question, I will say that

the farmer who owns his farm, and just

barely makes a living must be in hard

luck, or a poor farmer, or located on a

very poor farm. But if a man worked

this same farm on shares he would in all

probability make some kind of a living

from it, for the wear and tear on the

buildings and fences, and the taxes would

have to come out of the owner‘s one-

third. 01‘, I may as well say that in my

opinion a man renting 011 the two-thirds

plan can make nearly, if not quite, as

as much as the man who owns his farm.



The majority of married men working

today for someone else on the farm just

make a living and that is all. Not many

of them find it possible to lay up any-

thing. If they can't make more than a

living now, what will they do when they

get old? My advice is to any married

man who works on the farm, and can

scrape up enough money to get him an

ordinary outfit to farm with, to quit

working for some one else and rent a

farm on shares in preference. .I can

safely say that in Ionia county the ma-

jority of farmers are making money at

the present time.



Ionia C0. FARMER.





IMPROVED PEA BEAN.





 





You can grow more beans of better

quality if you plant our improved type.

They are more uniform in size and ripen

earlier. The extra cost for seed is made

good ten times over. $3.00 per bushel,

freight paid on two bushels or more.

Order now of the Alfred J. Brown Seed





‘00., Grand Rapids, Mich.





 





 





 





 





» MAY 28,4 1910.





SHARPEN

E Ll’





 

 





.o...





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   





HIS hoe ‘

sharp, razor-like edge of ;

liarcl tool-steel. It never grows ”

dull. Every stroke cuts clean





and every stroke helps sharpen

the hoe.





The cut at the left "

shows the unique

construction that:

makes this possible.





 





The True Temper Special

has a thin plate of hard tool-steel

welded firmly to the mild steel 1

blade. As the mild steel wears

away gradually in use, the sharp

edge of tool-steel is left exposed.

Sold by hardware dealer: everywhere. If _'





your dealer does not handle, write us and.

we [I see that you are supplied.





American Fork & Hoe Co.





Lnrzeot Manufacturer. of Farm and

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Huron timer on will ne; inc

Shepard: 18h. Peerless, 18h Buffalo?16h.Huber, IS

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a Shepard, 12 h. Huber: 10 h. Nichols szhepard;

36 inch Frlck thresner: 33 Inch Peerless thresher: 30

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00.. li4-ll8 Suverlor St., Toledo, Ohio.





TAKE NOTICE





Alfalfa Soil for sale from a nine year old Alfalfa

Field. SANFORD GABSER, Sherman, Michigan.





 





 





When writing to adver-

tisers please mention the

Michigan Farmer.





 





 





 





Ln
A_-L





 





 





 





MAY'28, 1910.

ALFALFA IN MASON COUNTY.





 





In traveling over the greater portion of

Mason county during the past two weeks,

I was forcibly impressed with the number

of alfalfa fields. The townships of River—

ton and Eden just south of Scottville

seem to be the alfalfa center of. the coun-

ty. Here the soil is a sandy loam, rich

when kept up, but easily run. Some por-

tions are very light, and on some of the

lightest soil I saw fine alfalfa growing.

Two farmers had 25 acres and over, and

many had from two to ten acres each.

We saw many new seedings, and heard of

many who were preparing to sow this

year.



Seventeen years ago, S. W. Harley, four

miles south of Scottville, began growing

alfalfa. I spent two most interesting

hours with him‘ in his alfalfa fields, ex-

amining plants and roots, measuring with

rule, and getting his experience. He is a

“skeptic,” an “unbeliever” in the genera-

ally accepted doctrine of inoculation and

liming of soils for alfalfa- He never

inoculated or limed his land, and yet this

last year he cut and sold 125 tons from

twenty-five acres besides saving some to

feed. He believes that if the soil is rich,

is thoroughly prepared, is free from weed

seed, and the seed sown early, success is

assured. Without it failure seems cer-

tain, and he had his failures in his early

experience. Given this thorough prepara-

tion, he asserts that whatever there is in

inoculation and liming he does not need

them on his farm, or at least that they

take care of themselves, and his success

seems to bear him out in his theories.

Yet he has never tried either, and does

not know whether he would be benefited

by them or not. We examined roots in

rboth his old and new seedings, and fOllllTl

the nodules, numerous on some plants and

only a few on others. While he had

early failures in seeding, he seldom has

a failure now, and attributes those early

failures to lack of richness of soil, [weeds

and poor preparation of the seed bed.



We examined a field seeded last year

that had never been sown to alfalfa be-

fore, and found the nitrogen gathering

bacteria present. This field had been en—

riched with barnyard manure made from

alfalfa fed hay, and it may have been in

this "Way the field had been inoculated. It

stoq‘m,‘§tnd ten inches high (April 20),

was of a dark green color, indicating

plenty of nitrogen. It is also a nice even

stand, and gives every indication of a.

good crop.



From Harley’s we tramped back across

the section to the farm of Marvin Young.

Last year he enriched a field, and kept

the weeds down until the last of May

when he seeded with 20 lbs. of alfalfa

Without a cover crop. He got soil from

an inoculated field, and sowed on his field

prior to seeding. He clipped twice last

year, was not bothered with weeds, and

secured a fine stand. He sowed no lime.

This field seems thoroughly inoculated. is

of a dark green color, stands ten inches

high, and looks fine. He also seeded by

mistake, thinking he had red clover seed,

a half acre hog-run in the orchard that

had no special preparation for alfalfa.

\Ve could pick out quite successfully

plants that were inoculated and those

that were not simply by the difference in

their color and size. Many of the plants

there were inoculated, however, but by

far the greater number were not, leading

me to believe that the bacteria is not

native to the soil. We could find occa-

sionally a thrifty dark green plant that

had no nodules upon it, but none of the

=ickly yellow plants had nodules upon

them.



Mr. Young has three acres more tint

.vere enriched with manure last year,

alanted to beans, and kept clean of weeds,

which he will sow to alfalfa this year.

with a cover crop of barley. He, will cut

the barley for hay, believing in this way

he will secure just as good a stand of

llfnifa, and not lose the use of his land

:his year. He is also going to try liming

i strip across the field in order to note

‘.he effects of the lime. He will inoculate

as before. This liming will give lllnlSt‘lf

and neighbors a good chance to see if

their soil needs lime.



Most of the men who are seeding to

alfalfa are now inoculating, but none that

we heard of are liming their soil. The

success of Harley with his 25 acres and

that of Harry Wilson with his 30 acres in

Edne township that yielded him four tons

per acre in three cuttings last year. has

gradually forced the merits of alfalfa up-

on their neighbors, and given them confi-

dence in getting a stand.



To return to Harley’s methods of man-

agement, I learned that he cuts his al-

falfa earlier than is generally recom-





mended. ,His test is to look for woody

fiber in the stems, and to cut upon its

first appearance, which is generally just

on the appearance of the first blossoms.

He cuts one afternoon, and lets it lay

until the next or until wilted, depending

on the weather. He then cocks it, and

allows it to stand until it cur-es by sweat-

ing out, which takes from four days to a

week. He uniformly has three cuttings

per year, the first being much the heav-

iest, and the last the lightest. His aver-

age yield runs from four to five tons per

acre. One year when a heavy late frost

froze it, he clipped and only got two cut-

tings that year.



One of his fields that has been into

alfalfa fourteen years is so badly run out

with June grass that he will plow it up

this year. He said that he cut this field

two years in succession for seed, and that

the stand has never been good since. He

attributes the dying out of the plants to

the ripening of the seed. This is his sec—

ond experience in losing a stand in this

way. I noticed several fields on other

farms run in the same way, and I have

wondered if this is the usual result of

allowing alfalfa to go to seed.



Farmers with whom I have talked say

the success which has been attained with

alfalfa has aroused a wide-spread inter-

est in its growth and predicted it the

coming hay for that section.



H. B. FULLER.



(We would be glad to receive reports

of success with alfalfa in other sections,

together with a description of the cul-

tural methods employed to get the crop

established.-—Eds.)





 





LEAVING THE FARM.





 





, A number of farmers in this section in

the last year, have become dissatisfied,

for various reasons, and have disposed of

their farms. Some have exchanged for

city property, and are going there to live,

while others are moving to some village.

And what is true of this section is no

doubt true of many others. Many of

these farmers who have sold or traded

their farms, and have moved to the city

or village, have done so with the expecta-

tion of bettering their condition. \Vhile a

few realize their expectations the ma~

jority meet with disappointment. At

least such are the actual facts that have

come under the observation of the writer.

Of course, if a farmer is in debt it is

sometimes very discouraging, because

some years crops will fail, live stock will

die, and there will be more or less sick-





ficss in the family with doctor‘s bills tol





pay. And notwithstanding all this, inter-

est on the debt will be accumulating both

night and day. Having passed through

just such experiences, the writer knows

something about how discouraging it is

for a farmer under such conditions._ And

when he gets the “blues," as he is very

apt to do, he will envy some city ac-

quaintance who is getting a salary of say

$100 a month. He does not realize how

much of a struggle it has cost the city

man to get a situation that commands

such a salary. Neither does he realize

how seen such a man may be thrown out

of his job, and perhaps never be able to

obtain a like situation, and be obliged to

go to work at anything,r he can find to do

to support himself and family, if he has

one. I have personal knowledge of just

such cases. A $2.00 a day job in the, City

looks like big pay to many who live in

the country, especially a young; man.

liut there are. only a very few young men

working in the city for $2.00 a day. that

our get a cent of money ahead. and if a

man has a fam‘iy he has a hard struggle

to live. Some of my relatives and friends

who live in different cities; are getting

$4.00 and upward per day. And they tell

me they cannot save a cent, because they

have more or less sickness, and for on:

reason and another thcl‘e are many days

when they are, out of work, and before

they know it their grocery bill has run

so large, that it takes many days’ work

to pay it, so that most of the time their

bills are long overdue before they can

pay them. As one of these relatives ex-

pressed it, “Bills, bills, all the time; I get

sick at the sight of them.” This is a fair

sample of what thousands have to endure

who live in the city. If farmers who are

getting discouraged for one reason and

another. and think they are having a

hard time of it on the farm, would go

into the cities and find out what a strug—

gle it: is for thousands who l‘ive there to

earn enough to obtain the simplest neces-

sities of life, I do not believe they would

be in any great haste to leave the farm,

even if they are not prospering as well

as they think they ought to.





(3) 559 \-





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER. -





 

 

 





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I

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Big Seed Catalog





FREE. It tells about all best farm, grass. garden and flower seeds grown. Write for it today. Address





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HAIL

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With it you can stretch wire, raise a

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420 Main Monticello

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From Shafts





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Femald Quick-Shift





THE LARGEST AND BEST LINE OF





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Austin Manufacturing 00., chlcago





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With Low Steel Wheels



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560 (4)





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MYSTERIOUS “WHITE DIARRHOEA.”





 





 





 





 





Please tell me what is the matter with

my chicks. They seem to be all right

until about a week old, then commence

to die. Some appear to have bowel trou—

ble while others simply act slccpy and

dump around, sometimes picking at the

food but refusing to eat. The crops of

some bloat up but are soft, in others they

are empty. The diarrhoea is of a whit-





ish color and sticks to them. They are

incubator chicks. I have been careful

about feed. They have had plenty of





grit and charcoal and are kept warm and

dry; have fed mostly oat meal and bread

crumbs. with fine chick feed in clover

chaff. I had the same trouble last year

and put them with hens. The first ones

hatched in the spring seem to do best;

the later ones nearly all die. I have tried

poultry foods and different things in the

drinking water, but nothing seems to do

any good. A strange thing is that only

a fcw are sick at a time; when they die

others take their places. I have another

lot of chicks to come off in about a week.

Shiawassce Co. Mrs, M. C.





It is vcry probable that your chicks

have white diarrhoea, so called. a disease

which is puzzling poultrymen everywhere

For several years it has been causing ser-

ious losses in large poultry plants and,

despite every effort to combat it, the dis—

ease appears to be gaining ground. At one

time it was believed to be a simple bowel

trouble resulting from chicks getting

chillcd in the incubator just after hatch-

ing or soon after reaching the brooder.

I‘oultry investigators, however, traced the

disease to a ccrtain kind of bacteria, but

as to the source of this germ they are

still Di‘t-ll)’ much at sea. The bacteria

have bccn found in litter upon the brooder

floor and in the ncsts of sitting liens,

while at the Connecticut station they

were traced to the ovaries of hens and

found in the yolks of eggs, thus indicat-

insr that where the germs have existed

in a ilock for several years mature fowls

may bccome infected and so pass the dis-

casc on to their “'iih this in

some poultrymcn are now taking

the precaution to disinfect eggs before

placing in the incubators. Others claim

to have checked it by cleaning and disin-

fecting incubators and brooders.



So far as is now known there is little

that can be done for your chicks beyond

disinfecting their quarters thoroughly

with a weak solution of carbolic acid, first

removing all that show any symptoms of

the trouble. Then watch closely and

piomptly remove others when they show

the first symptoms. By thus kecping the

well ones clean and free from the drop-

pings of the sick you may save a part

of the flock. \thn the new hatch comes

on carefully disinfcct the brooder or pen

which they are to 001111): If they de-

velop the trouble it will mean that the

source of infection is probably farther

back. If you are starting another hatch.

dip the egg: in a solution composed of

one gill of creolin and 8%; quarts of water

before putting them into incubator. Also

disinfect incubator with carbolic acid so-

lution, putting the heat on several days

before filling in order to dry it properly.



INBREEDING VS. NEW BLOOD, OR



FANCY VS. UTILITY.



A. correspondent of the Michigan Farm-

cr recently asked for a discussion of the

advisability of inbreeding. I loaned the

paper to a friend who wished to look it

over with a view to subscribing, so I have

forgotten the name of the corrcspmtdent.



For eight or ten years I have been en-

deavoring to combine utility and fancy in

my flock, and have, to a considerable ex-

tent, practiced line breeding as well as

inbreeding, but have introduccd new blood

So far as I can see the only

advantage of inbreeding is to

maintain as nearly as possiblc. an un—

la'okcn linc of blood, or a strain of fowl

that will bc more likely to produce fine

spccimcns for the show room than would

be the cast: if new blood were introduced.



I prcsame I may have advocated,

through the h'lit-liigan Farmer, the feasi-

bility of combining utility and fancy. but

the more experience 1 have with poultry

the more I am inclined to ask myself the

question, is it worth while to strive for

both in the same ilock? I have about de-

cided to answer this question in the nega-

tive, so far as my future poultry opera-

tions are concerned. It seems like striv-

ing for the dual-purpose cow. They get

some very good ones, but they get a good

many more that are pretty poor.



My experience teaches that in order to

get heavy egg production as nearly the

year through as possible, we need to put

into our hens every ‘bit of vitality we can,

especially where five or six months must





progcn y.





mind





 





occasionally.

possible





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





be the housing season because of snow.l



I have about decided that there is more

money in the utility flock, run strictly as

such, than there is in the combination of

the two. If one is leaning towards the

fancy he has not the courage to discard

a fowl that is inferior from a strictly

utility standpoint for a big, healthy, rug-

ged fowl of the strictly poultry-andLegg

type but which lacks color or fine mark-

ings. Here is where the mischief creeps

in and it is a pity the American Poultry

Association, which governs all the larger

shows, should 'not pay more attention to

utility qualities than it has yet done.



I think there are few fanciers, who have

reached a leading position in selling stock

at long prices, who work the utility end

of the business for all there is in it. They

cannot force their pullets for heavy fall

and winter gg production and have their

customers get satisfactory results in

hatching the eggs in the spring, conse-

quently they sell rggs at long prices as

long as they can, then hatch their own

stock so as to get it ready for the fall

and winter shows and get them to laying

again in time for the hatching season. In

flocks run on these lines no doubt in-

breeding is practiced to the greatest ex-

tent, for it is not noticeable in the con—

stitutions of the flock. as the short term

of laying does not make the drain on hens

that a whole season's laying docs.



’i‘hcreare a few poultiynlen who have

worked to build up heavy laying utility

flocks, and their stock has a wide repu-

tation. This is just the kind of flocks we

should pick from to rcnew our own flock,

for they have been working for the same

object for which we are striving, viz.,

eggs and poultry.



Most of us keep poultry for the net in-

come. What pays best is for our advan—

tage. In order to get hcns with strong

constitutions we want broad, long, full-

breasted specimens, and we need to use

the male to head the pens which most

nearly approachcs our ideal. whether or

not the color is lighter or darker than the

standard calls for.



It costs at least $3 for a male, or $5 a

sitting for gas in order to have suitable





Who Won the





Corn Trophy?





The Kellogg $1,000 Corn Trophy was won by the man who pro-

duced the best car of com exhibited at the Omaha Expositibn.





Kai/Ma -

TOASTED CORN FLAKES





won its favor through keeping to the high-





est standard. Selected white corn alone is used.

If we can get better, we will. The distinctive fla-

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—are found only in the genuine Toasted Corn





Flakes — Kellogg's.





Look for This Signature





7%7f/W





Kellogg Toasted em Fish 00.. Battle limit. Mich.





/





Canadian Trade Supplied by tho Battle Crock Tout-d Cora Fluke Company. Ltd" London.





 





 





 





Along Che-npeake 65 Ohio R.

re. Sand for illustrated booklet.





. I 10.00 or

aCadiuiiiv'i"ii’vs LIFE ”in





ac

VIRGINIA,” it describes the mild climate, nil-year farming. dairy-





ing, poultry and stock raising. nearby Eastern markets. Ichools, etc”





and why land is now so ch’onfis'll‘n





G. B. WALL. REAL

Boxl) Richmond. V...





w twice-a~month excursion rates.





ATE AGT» Co 5.1 O. RY"





 





Farm and Lumber





 





males to head pens where fancy points

are to be kept in mind, while for utility

stock only, a good deal of the expense is

out out and eggs can be sold for $1 a.

sitting at

If one wishes to try his hand in growing

fancy stock. he had much better run his

main flock for utility and have a small

pen to breed for points.



I would kccp pure-bred poultry, but I

am going to try strictly utility lines. I

believe new blood every year, of the right

kind, will result in the loss of fewer ma-

ture fowls, increase egg production, give

superior quick-growing chicks and better

poultry for the table, consequently greater

profits. D. J. RYTHEn.

FOUNDATION AND lTS EFFECT ON



THE HONEY CROP.





Bees are inclined, when left to them-

selves, to rear a superfluous number of

queens, it being no uncommon thing to

find 15 or 20 queen cells in a colony and I

have seen them St‘ll‘l 40 or 50 cells. This

same prodigaliiy prevails in all their op-

erations, so it is nothing to be surprised

at that, whcn allowcd to build their own

comb from the start, we find drones al-

together too numerous for the financial

welfare of the apiarist.



Drone cclls average about four to the

inch, and cclls five to the inch.

Drone cclls quite a lot, however,

bcing all the way from slightly larger

than the worker cclls to cells running

only slightly more than three to the inch.

\‘(orkcr cells, if only slightly enlarged,

are usually uscd for drone cells, but are

sometimes found quite a lot smaller than

the standard siZc. cspccialiy in.naiural

comb, causcd by crooked combs, one side

being convex and the othcr concave, the

small bees coming from the concave side.



These small bees make an amusing

spectacle as they sport about at the en—

trance, but for practical service the

larger bee seems to be the better. as it

can reach the honey in blossoms which

the smaller bee, with correspondingly

shorter tongue, would not be able to se-

cure. Working on these principles the

manufacturers of comb foundation have

built it with cells exactly five to the inch

each way, or 25 to the square inch of

comb surface each side. The bee-keeper

using full sheets of foundation, therefore,

secures a hive full of workers instead of

rearing a lot of useless drones.



Don't fear about having enough drones

to mate your queens. If you take every

precaution to limit their production there

will still be plenty of them.



Mecosta Co. L. C. WHEELER.





worker

vary





a fair profit for the trouble.’ ‘





Save lobbers. Wholesalers 8:. Dealers Profits





Wagons. LowDown

Trucks and the

best all. round Com-

bination box on the

. imnrket dierct from

m . factory

_ manufacturers cost

. .. , with but our one

' . ‘ small percent profit

added, We guarantee to save you money, We guar-

antee satisfaction. A broad guarantee given with

every wagon sold. Write for catalog and prices.



Ilillsdalc. Truck & Wagon (10.. Dept. ll, lllllsdale. Itch.





BEE KEEPERS’ SUPPLIES.





Hives. Sections. Foundation. etc. Everything for

the bees. Beeswax wanted. Send for catalog;





BERRY BASKETS.





Order your bee supplies and berry baskets at same

time and saveiireignt ex penile.l Prices given In catalog





M. ii. HUNT & SON, 110 Condit St, Lansing, Mich.





BEEKEEPINE its pleasure and profits. is the

theme of that excellent and hand-

somely illustrated magazine. GLEAHINGS IN BEE

CULTURE. We send it for six months on trial for

twenty-rive cents, and also send free a 64-page book

on been and our bee supply catalog to all who name

this paper. THE A. I. ROOT 00.. Box 54. Medlna,0.





EGGS from pure Toulouse Geese 10 for $1.75.

Pekln Duck lines 11 for $1.25.

Mrs. Amy Soutbwortb. R. D. No. 13. Alien. Mich.





 

 

     





‘4 " ship;-





 





 





 





/





KEITH makes a specialty of S. C. Brown Legb orna.

Barred Plymouth Rocks and Pit Games.

Eggs $1.00 per 15. Albert Keith. Wyandotte, Mich.





 





THE beat in 8. C. White Leghorna. White dz Bufl'

Rocks and Columblan Wyandottea. Eggs 81.25 per

15: $5 per 100. C. W. Hurd & Sons. Davison. Mich.





 





C. WHITE LEGEORN .‘EGGI. (ram hens

. bred to lay. 81 per 15: 05 per 100. Also

Collie pups. A. R. GRAHAM. Flint. Michigan.





Rhode Island Bed Essa



R' c- and 5' c' $1.00 per 15. $2.75 per 50,

$5.00 per 100. BUELL 83.03.. Ann Arbor. Mich.

—botn combs.





STANDARD BRED R. 1. RED Egg. 3. 9..

5





16. from selected winter layers: $8 per 50. or a

per 100. Satisfaction. and safe arrival guaranteed.

W. '1‘. FRENCH. Ludlncton. llllchisan.





 





 





 





' C. R. I. Reds—Stock selected from the beat layers

. for years. Great egg record, Farm range. Eggs

15 01; 100 85. F. M. Knapp, Berlin Heights. R. 1. 0.





HRH‘GLE H Barred Rocks. The Famous Winning Strain.

Eggs $1.50 per 15 from Select Matings. Stock for

sale. Pininvlow Stock Farm, J. W. satin-d, Prop. Romeo, lich.





 





 





4n .2; 15, $l—Smiih select eggs, good measure from world'-

I but strains, Bd., W11. & BLROX. R.& 8. 0.301“, S. C_

White, B. t 5.0. Br. Legh'a; Pk. Dim; bredtowin lny&pny.

Strong bnby chlx 15c ouch. Yuma! experience”. Poultry my busi-

nesn & study. Circ. W. J. CRAWFORD, R. 4, Frucysburg, 0hio_





 





HUPP FARM EGGS.





Barred Rocks. Pekiu Ducks. $1.50 per setting, select

strains. Drawer A. Birmingham. Michigan,





 





"068 FOR HATCHING—Light Brahma. White

.1 Wyandotte and B. P. Rock. 31 asetting; $1 50 for

2 settings. E. D. Blsbop.Boute 38. Lake 0deasa.Mich.





 





Gas—Barred Plymouth Books from champion

Blue Bell and Chimes [strains of Iowa City Intro-

duction price 83 a setting. Limited number of baby

chicks for sale. Lukerldge Farm. Levering. Mich.





EGG





after June 1.





 





FROM ANY OF OUR PENS $1 per 15

or $4 per 100 on orders to be delivered

H. [1. KING, Willis. Mich.





ARBED PLYMOUTH ROCKS—Bred to lay

more [nauzoo eggs per year. Eggs $1.50 per 15.

W. C. COFFMAN Benton Harbor. Michigan.





WEED PLYMOUTH ROCK Sittt‘éif 3353:9338 {.2223

15 for 01.00, 26 for $1.50. 50 for $250,100 for $4.50

COLON C. LILLIE. Coopersville, llllchiaun.





S C. W. LEGHORNB—Eggs 15. $1; 100. 04.50.

. Buy of the man that perfects one breed only,

GILMAN A. GREEN. Clarkaton, Michigan.





My 8. c. Brown Leghorn: Lay Eggslgfi‘ifirpfifiii

dred. WM. .1. COOPER, Mt. Pleasant, Michigan.

C. BROWN LEGHOBN EGGS $1 per 15; $5 r





. 100. Order from this "ad.” LEWIS T. OPP N-

LANDER. successor to Fred Mott, Lansing, Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





w H ITE WYANDOTTES—Tbe unsurpassed

business neu. Eggs $1.50 per 15 or 82.50

per 30. A. FRANKLIN SMITH. Ann Arbor. Mich.





SIIELE 00MB WilliE LEGHOHN Effgu§¥.nhg‘;fi’§§5

15 for 81.00. 26 for 1.50.50 for $2.50. 100 for $4.50.

COLON C. LILLI . Coopersvllle. Michigan.





 





 





“ MONEY IN EGGS”





S. C. Brown Leghorns—My method and farm range

has developed layers with vigor. My eggs produce

layers, one-third fancier-’5 price and better layers.

$1.50 per 30; $3 per 60; $4 per 100-, .6 per 200. Prompt

shipment. J. E. McARTHY. Enfleld. Illinois.





 





O , 0



Eggs From Haskms Busmoss 332?:

Vante. Golden, Silver Wyandottes. Rhode Island

Reds. S. C. and R. C. Buff. Willie and Brown

Leghorns. Sliver Spangled and Penclled Hamburgs.

Eggs $1.50 per 15. Pure bred. free range flocks

$5 per 100. All varieties Duck and Geese Eggs,

Turkey Eggs. E. J. HABKINS, Pituford. Mlcn.





 





C. BLACK MINORCAB—Some choice cock-

. erels and a few yearling hens to spare. Eggs

$2 per setting of 15. R. W. MILLS. Saline. Mich.





I eggs for hatchin from

White "yandoiie select breeding pegs; 31,00

for 15. $1.50 for 26. $2.50 for 50 and 04.50 per 100.

COLON C. LILLIE. Coopersville. Mlchilnn.





Y. B. BRAND?...°¢.W..P“%£°’“‘





er

15; .5 per 100. C. W. YEITEB. Alto. Mlclllggn.





 





 





 





 





DOGS.





TRAINED FOX HOUNDSlnnd Hound Pups

for hunting fox and coona. Also Collies. Incloae

W. E. LEOKY. Holmeavllle. Oblo





JUST SA “58W your Ad. in the





Michigan Farmer”

when writing to our Advertisers.





 





2-cent stamp.





 





 





 





 





 





 





LE.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Egg 0





 





 





 





 





 





 





Sections, Foundation, Boo Veils, Smokers, a. com lete line of supplies for has keepers, ready

(I





for immediate shipment. 40433.39 analog, free.





 





A. G. WOODMAN 00., Dept. M.F., Grand Rapids, Mich.,





eel Wax Wante .





 





 





. 4—-.. .4.“ .





‘ -.....,....





. “aw "' ”mgr."- 4‘~__- ..





. ”—9.... +._
‘ -‘.-,....





 





MAY 28, 1910.





VVYYYYVYVVYYV\VYYYVVYV—Y





LIVE STOCK





y

E



L“ M ' -

SELECTING BREEDING SOWS.





 





 





 





I have read with considerable interest

the series of articles that have been pub—

lished in the Michigan Farmer during the

spring months, written .by W‘. Milton

Kelly, of New York. Those articles have

contained a good deal of good, practical

advice for the general farmer, and if fol—

lowed by many the general conditions

that would follow should be an improve—

ment over what we too often find. There

seems to be, on the part of many, a lack

of appreciation of 1what the hogs are

capable of doing in adding to the general

income on the average farm. At present

the hogs are the best paying stock we

have, and yet at the present time, there

are farms where there is a good deal of

feed being wasted because there is not a.





, hog kept on the place to eat it and con—





vert it into pork meats that are selling at

extremely high prices.



But when Mr. Kelly gets into advising

breeders of pure—brtd swine in regard to

selecting and developing breeding stock

he falls into some grave errors, some of

which I would like to notice. On page

5 of April 30 issue, he says in the third

paragraph of the first column toward the

bottom of the page: “Young sows that

are to be grown and developed for breed-

ing stock should be selected at weaning

time.”



It is a fact that should be known by all

careful and painstaking breeders, that at

weaning time, if the sow is a good milk-





er, and the pigs are in the pink of condi-,





tion, which they generally are at that

time, they are in the most alluring and

deceptive condition to sort out the best

for fancy or practical purposes, that is

experienced during the whole life of the

pigs. During the time that the pigs are

running with the sow they are depending

very largely, if not entirely, on the sow

for their food. Some will get an advan-

tage and get fatter than the others. and

fat, at that time, is a dcceiver, for it will

cover up a multitude of faults. A trained

judge of what a pig ought to be. can get

a. more accurate knowledge of the struc—

ture and general build of the pigs at the

time‘the'y are-farrowcd.. It is very often

the case that fat, and fine appearance,

is what will take the eye of some expe-

rienced and fairly good breeders of swine.

It is a fact that the pigs that get the





_ most milk and get very fat while running





with the sow, are the ones that are in-

jured in the long run, and are likely to

fall behind when compelled to subsist on

such feed as they generally get after they

have been weaned. They have been load-

ed with adipoise membrane, the vital or—

gans have not been well developed, their

vital energies have been reduced, and

their constitutional vigor will not be equal

to that of some of the others of the same

litters.



I believe that the most of the expo-i—

enced breeders will callwto mind very many

instances when their best sows, bred and

raised on their farms, have developed and

shown their best qualities as prospective

as well as actual breeders later in life

than weaning time; yes, and after the

first six months. There are important

changes taking place with the pigs, and

some of those that did not do as well as

others, gradually “shape up” and become

the most desirable ones in the litter.



With the breeder of pure—bred pigs

there are fine shadings in make-up that





'he looks for, and desires, that the untu-





tored individual may not appreciate, and

yet he wants them in order to keep up to,

or surpass, his competitors. It is often

the case that the breeders themselves are

unable to decide which of the pigs will

make the best sows until they have nearly

or quite, reached their mature form. The

changes have taken place along, a little

at a time, until the sow has become fixed

in her characteristics and is doing busi-

ness as a breeder. No breeder who ex-

pects to remain in the business, who has

his best interests in mind, will part with

the best from his herd, unless it is for

a long price and can not efford to take

the chances of letting them go ‘by select-

ing in a wholesale manner at weaning

time.



In the same paragraph Mr. Kelly says:

“Much, in fact, all, of the sow‘s future

usefulness as a breeder depends upon how

she is fed and developed until she has

reached the age and size that it is dc~

sired to breed her for her first litter.”

Well, that is putting it pretty strong on

the side of feed. It is casting aside the

inherent traits and depending on feed to





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





make the desirablebr'eedlng sows. There

are inherent ,charalcte'z‘i'stics that remain

even beyond the gap of good or poor

feeding for‘the first six or eight months

of a pig's life. Fecundity or prolificacy

runs in families and the-feeding of a sow

that is of a family that only [arrow from

four to six pigs at a litter will not change

her to one that will increase in a. ten or

twelve fold ratio. Some of these things

are well worth considering and a fair

discussion of them will be likely to fix

some of the facts of the matter in the

mind of the practical breeder;

Wayne Co. N. A. CLAPP.





 





WARDING OFF SleEP AILMENTS.





Successful sheep husbandry depends

utute as much upon warding off ailments

to which sheep are susrept ible as admin-

istering proper treatment 11fte1 disease

has once gotten a foothold. The average

flock owner pays little or no attention to

attacks of disease among his sheep until

conditions deveIOp that compel some

method of treatment. As a general rule

sheep are difficult animals to administer

medical treatment to and in a majority

of instances succumb to attacks of dis-

ease before aid can be given. Some of

the most common ailments of sheep run

their course very rapidly and unless

proper treatment is given immediately

fatal results follow.



Few flock owners thoroughly under-

stand the administration of medical treat-

ment of diseased animals. The calling

of a V'1ete inarv at frequent intervals is

not only expensive but impractical be-

cause of the fact that many common dis-





stagnant pools and become infested with

the deadly stomach worm. Sheep should

always be pastured on upland free from

small depressions where water can ac-

cumulate and beeomdstagnant. It is a

great deal easier to ward off an attack

of internal diseases than administer :1

treatment.



Keeping the ewes in good flesh condi-

tion during the suckling period is one of

the best means of preventing attacks of

disease. Germ diseases always infest ani-

mals of low vitality and unable to res ist

attack. A great many times an animal

will ward off a disease because of strong

constitution that would otherwise fall

a victim and succumb. When animals

have a heavy drain on their system, as

ewes suckling their young they are very

apt to become reduced in flesh. Deep

milking ewes are the most profitable ones

in the flock and ought to be well cared

for during the suckling period. When an

animal becomes run down in flesh it is

more susceptible to disease and less apt

to ward off attack.



No flock owner should overlook the

vital importance of providing the flock

with plenty of shade during the hot Stun-

mcr months. Sheep can not endure i11-

tensc heat and when exposed to it gen-

erally suffer later from digestive ailments.

When the flock is turned upon pasture

that possesses no natural shade of any

kind, artificial protection should be pro-

vided. Shade during the heat of the day

keeps the tmnpcrature of the, system

down to normal and conserves the vitality

of the ewes. Many intestinal diseases of

sheep find their source in the overheated

condition of the system caused from un—





 





 





 





Thirty-two Hogs, Seven Months Old, Weighing 6,920 Lbs.





Fed by C. N. Vanhouten





and Sold to Shipper for $709.30.





eases run their course quickly and others

are incurable. There are, however, few

diseases of sheep that can not be wardcd

off if proper precaution is exercised in

due time. The great hindrance to keep-

ing sheep in a healthy condition is that

flock owners are. slow to eliminate 1111—

favorable conditions which bring on at-

tacks of-diseases that ultimately claim

their victim.



Perhaps during the summer months,

while the sheep are on pasture the stem—

ach worm is the. greatest enemy the flock

owner has to contend with. few flocks

in this country are entirely free from the

parasite and under present methods of

management are constantly subject to

loss. Rigid medical treatment, combined

with strict precautionary measures, is the

only method of Ltamping out this infec-

tions ailment of sheep. However. if prop-

er precautions are taken in due time

much can be done to ward off severe at-

tacks and to a large, measure hold the

disease in check. It is inadvisable to

allow shccp infested with stomach worms

to pasture on old meadow lands later than

the first of June. If possible, a fiequcnt

change of pastuic is prudent. If two

fields are convenient it is a good prac-

tice to alternate the flock weekly to insure

gainst parasitic infestation.



Few flock ownc1s realize the danger in-

volved in permitting sheep to pasture

where thcy can drink out of stagnant

pools. No pther one place about the av-

erage farm is more filthy with deadly

germ diseases than small depressions con—

taining water which has no inlet or out-

let. During a wet season there is in-

creased danger, especially if the land is

somewhat rolling. It is a common prac-

tice among flock owners to allow their

sheep to pasture on low, wet land where

the water level is very near the surface.

While sheep are very particular relative

to the kind of food they consume they

will readily drink, when thirsty, from





due exposure during the hot summer

months.



The lack of sufficient salt during the

summer season reduces the action of the

digestive system and makes it sust-petible

to disease. Sheep? like all domestic ani-

mals, must also be well supplied with es~

sential food to not only sustain the. body,





(5) 561





Pa triat-

ism





 





The stomach is a larger factor in “life,

liberty and the pursuit of happiness” than

most people are aware. Patriotism can

withsumd hunger but not dyspepsia. The

continued dyspeptic “is fit for treason.

stratogcms and spoils." The man who

goes to the front for his country with a

weak stomach will be a weak soldier and

a fault tinder.





 





A sound stomach makes for good citi-

7111sl11p as well as for health and happi-

lltss



Disttlscs of the stomach and other or-

gans of digestion and nutrition are

promptly and permanently cured by the

use of





DR. PIERCE’S GOLDEN MEDICAL

DISCOVERY. It builds up the body

with sound flesh and solid muscle.





The dealer who offers a substitute for

the ”DlSt'HOVC’l) is only seeking to make

the little more profit realized on the sale

(11 less me1itorious preparations.



Dr. l’iercc‘s Common Sense Medical

Adviser 1s sent free on receipt of stamps

to pay expense of mailing only. Send 21

one-cent stamps for the paper covered

book, or 31 stamps for the cloth bound.

Address \Vorld's Dispensary Medical As—

sociatio11,R V Pierce, lVI. D, Presithnt,

Buff:,1lo N, Y





N EWTON’S H EAVE

°Efl§ '1'1'. Bléléhfii.“ C U R E

_ . The Standard VeterinarsaRemedy. .





Oyearssale. Sen or

boo e .





 





 

 





   

 

 





 





 

 





(1,7,,

.1 14.11. 1‘ .

, / ‘3‘!

- 1/22/11 §





 





SAFE TO USE

HENOLHGNO‘D 1.339





Makes the horse sound, stay sound





DEATH TO HEAVES





The first or second $1. 00 can cures. The third can

is guaranteed to cure or money refunded.

$1. 00 per can at dealers. or express prepaid.





THE NEWTON REMEDY CO.. Toledo. Ohio





H-E-C

Medicated-Tonic STUCK SALT





The Great Worm Exterminator tor Worms





 





 





but to restore broken down tissues as

well.





Shiawassce Co. L130 C. REYNOLDS.





FLIES ABOUT THE STOCK BARN,





 





This topic is suggested by the contrast

in the number of flies about two barns

with which we are familiar.

are devoted to the housing of show cattle,

One is warm, filthy, uncomfortable, and





swarming with files. The other is cool,

comfortable and free from files,

\Vhat makes the difference? The one





in which files are bad in summer is sur-

rounded by yards where thc "attle from

the barn are. turned frequently. Other

cattle run in them from time to time also.

These yards are never thoroughly cleaned

up. Manure lies in the corners and

around the outside feed lots from one sea-

son to another. The barn has never been

known to be thoroughly cleaned out.

True (nough the cattle stalls are cleaned

out setcr 11 11mm a du and f: esh bedding

tht in but in some stalls that .11e unused

manure from the previous winter has been

seen in August. There is an inside tank

at one end of the barn. \'l1en the cattle

go to this tank to drink. of course there

is more or loss manure dropped. This is

stltlom gathered up and taken out.



.li‘lles are fond of manure and filth

These make ideal places for the deposit—

ing of eggs by the flies. Nowhere will the

larvae of flies develop fastcr than in such

plates. As a result this barn is a perfect

haven from the flies’ point of view~plenty

of feed, a splendid place for young to





Both barns





in. Horses, Sheep, Hogs and Battle.





Regulates the Stomach, Kidney. Liver and Bowels.

Put up 5 lbs 2m; 10 lbs 50c; 201ba. $1: 50 lbs. 62. 50.

Ask your dealexs everywhere.





Jackson Grocery 00.,Jackson, Mich.





(STATE fAGENTS.)





HEAVE EASE





will hold the worst case of Henves in check so you

can work the horse in all kinds of weather. Send

P 0. Money Order for One Dollar for one month

treatment. Express prepaid





H. E. COBB 00., Brooklyn, Michigan.





 





 





 





 





develop, and animals for them to annoy.





When All Others Fail Try





Dr. Fair’s





Cough 6 lleave





Remedy

SIX DAYS’ TREATMENT FREE to new

customers if you send 4c to pay postage.



If your drugglst can t supply you





Send $1 for 30 Days’ Treatment





W. C. FAIR. V. 8.. Prop.

DR. FAIR VETERINARY REHEDY CO.

5712-5114 Carntglo Avenuu. Cleveland. Ohio.





HARVEY BOLSTER SPRINGS





- Soon save their cost. Make eve

rywagon alprlnl A

, wagon, therefore in1it,ve e :1

bring more money, g t blcs. eggs etc.

fllrvey Spring 00.,





 





 





 





 





   

 





 





   

 





Ask for special ., }

152, 1m. 15:. ., “1&3”?ng





 





\f





 





 





 





 





 





ALWAYS mention the MICHIGAN FARMEI





, when vou are 1111'. 'thg to advertisers.
562 * (6)





But the other 'barn is always as free

from flies as any barn that can be found.

Flips are fought in a rational, systematic

ina‘iiner. All refuse and all rubbish about“

tug barn and lots that might possibly at-

tract flies is kept scrupulously cleaned

up: The entire barn was not being used

(hiring the past summer. It is a large

bajirn and a row of box stalls on either

site held all the animals kept in the barn

tow: the most part. The unused portion

had a cement floor. This was frequently

washed and no manure was allowed to

accumulate upon it from-the animals that

passed over it in going to the outside

yards daily. The box stalls were cleaned

out regularly and thoroughly.

week the floor and walls were sprayed

with a weak disinfectant.



fThe nurse cows and milch cows were

brought into the yard adjacent to the

burn every evening. Of course, more or

less manrue was dropped from them

while they were in the yard. Dung heaps

from these cows were either taken up

with a shovel and loaded upon the ma-

nure wagon or were broken up and scat—

tered.



The first barn has trash. refuse, and

manure about the lots and in the barn.

This barn has flies by the million. The

other is kept scrupulously clean and flies

are so few that they cause little annoy-

ance to the stock.





Iowa. H. E. MCCARTNEY.





 





THE WELSH MOUNTAIN PONY.

His Many Good Qualities Have Made Him

Popular in America.



A new branch in animal industry in

America is now established and is des-

tined to become one of considerable im-

portancc-that of \‘Vclsh pony breeding.

A sot'lt‘ly for registry has been formed

under the name of The. VYelsh Pony and

(‘ob Society of America. It is in the

hands of experienced and reliable brccd-

crs. The rules governing membership and

registration are strict and will be adhered

to. A candidate for membership must

have the unanimous vote of all the direc—

tors. hence no one with a cloudy reputa-

tion need apply. Every pony offered for

registry must be inspected and produce

a veterinarian‘s certificate of soundness.

the purpose being to promote a high stan-

dard of breeding and avoid the scandals

that have thrown suspicion on other

lilorse registers.



"Thc popularity of Welsh ponies in Am-

erica has not grown up suddenly, but re-

sulted from practical experience of the

past twenty—five years. My attention was

first called to them while making my an-

nual trip to England for Shires. 1 saw

them put to all sorts of uses, from chil-

dren's pets to huckstcr's carts. I was

particularly attracted by their great

strength. intelligence and patient endur-

:tncc. (me fine morning in June. 1884. I

was driving near Peterboro, England, and

met a band of gypsies with a drove just

from the, “'eish mountains. They were

a lot of beauties, but wild as dccr. I

looked them over and bought twenty,

thinking they would be a curiosity in Illi—

nois. After arriving at my home in Au-

rora I gave them little attention until one

day I found my superintendent's children

had caught two, hadc rope harnesses for

them, and were cutting the lawn and

having lots of fun. I picked out two for

general use about my place and the re-

~ soon bought by furthers

who came for Shires. and in that way

they were scattered from Michigan to

Nebraska and Minnesota.



To that little lot belongs the credit of

starting the popularity of \Vclsh ponies

in the middle west. A few importations

have been made since this. but no move





mainder were





made to form a society for registering.

till liloT. which was incorporated under

the laws of Illinois and in conformity





with the rct'mirements of the l'. S. treas-

ury department.



.\ trip through “'alcs is to me one of

the most enjoyable in Europe. The scen-

ery is beautiful and the mountain air so

braving that one seldom feels tired after

a day‘s jaunt. It is usually necessary for

one to walk fully half the distance after

hiring a rig for the day, because the hills

are so long and steep it is quite enough

for an ordinary horse to haul the heavy

vehicles empty. The ponies are often

compelled to zig-zag their way up the

hills. It is an amusing sight to watch the

little things race over the mountain pus—

tures_ jumping ravines like rabbits.



With immense strength and remarkable

endurance, Welsh ponies are noted for

their pleasant tempers and intelligence.

Those which appear wild when first taken

in hand soon become, with gentle treat—

ment, perfectly tame and as safe for chil-





Once a





 





THE . MICHIGAN : FARMER.





dren as collie dogs. They take naturally

and kindly to children in preference to

grown people. An instance of this was

shown when the two wild ponies su'bmit-'

ted to my superintendent’s children, but

resented his rough treatment; later. In

taming a wild pony the first step is to

gain its confidence by gentle treatment,

and then the war is over. I never allow

one of my ponies to be struck with a

whip under any circumstances. Among

my home-bred ponies I entirely avoid

having wild ones by handling them almost

from,birth. In fact, that is my way of

handling all foals to insure perfectly safe

and kind grown horses.



Welsh ponies can be had ranging from

44 inches to 54 inches in height, but the

majority range between 46 and 50 inches.

Above :34 inches they are rated as cobs.



Illinois. G. E. BROWN.





FIRST AID TO SICK ANIMALS.



The" average farmer is a very helpless

indivit‘lualvwhcn any of his stock are

stricken with illness. and though I have

no great belief in the amateur veteri-

ntry, still it is well for the farmer to

know as much as possible in regard to

simple remedies useful on the farm.



The quack veterinary surgeon is an

abomination, and I thouroghly believe

that more stock is killed by the use of

powerful drugs in the hands of unskilled

men than would have died in the ordinary

way. Evezy man who treats stock, should

have a work of reference at hand. as it is

dangerous to trust to memory; when mak-

ing up a dreneh, or any dose of medicine.

A veterinary thermometer is a necessary

instrument on the farm, as by it a man

is able to find out whether a beast has

fever or not. The farmer should also

carefully note first symptoms in the case

of a cow or horse falling sick. so as to be

in a position to give the Vet. reliable in-

formation when he arrives. If this is not

done. the Vet, has to work in the dark,

and if this practice were always adopted

the life of many a valuable beast would

be saved.



Much injury is often done to horses by

holding their heads too high when giving

them a drench, as the medicine is there-

by forced on to the lungs instead of going

into the stomach. In giving a drench the

horse‘s head should not be held too high,

and the liquid should be poured into the

mouth slowly, no attempt being made to

force it down the throat of the anima!.

(me of the best drenches for a horse that

can be safely administered by the layman,

is a pound of epsom salts, an ounce of

ginger and a tablespoon of salt. but this

is not often used~<it is too simple, and too

cheap! \Vhen treating sick or injured

animals it is necessary to use, antiseptics

A115 is the case of human beings—such

as carbolit' acid, for it is noticeable how

average farmer -is in the





 





careless the





matter of washing hands, ropes, instru-

ments, etc.

As has been pointed out numberless





times, scour in calves is due. to a germ.

and not to the use of separator milk, as

was thought for a long time. Cleanliness

is the best preventive.



It is to be hoped that it will not be long

before a serum is found that will build up

the system and render cattle immune

tuberculosis. in the hands of a

toinpctcnt man. the tuberculin test is

practically infallible, and although the

tuberculin will not give a healthy animal

the disease, it would cause the disease in

a beast to show more readily than if it

had not betn subjected to the test. In

treating stock. it is better not to use

l'fl.tllt“ll nature should be as—

sisted to effect a cure.



Canada. IV. R. GILBERT.





from





llll‘tlHUl't“Si





THE chtA‘éMAN JERSEY SALE.





II, S. Chapman. ot’ Cassopolis, Mich.,

proprietor of the Linden Lea herd of regis-

tered .lcrso-y cattle is sending out a cata~





 





 





 





loguo describing 28 lots which will be

sold on June It, to close out the herd.



(‘harlcs .I, chler, of Illinois, a well

known stock feeder, showed up at the





(‘hicago stock yards recently with a car

load of steers averaging in weight 1,074

lbs, that brought $7.30 per 100 lbs. They

came to over $78 per head and made the

owner plenty of money" having cost him

but $28 last fall. Mr. chlcr said cattle

in his part of the country had been nearly

all marketed, and none were going on

feed, owing to the high prices of feeders

everywhere. He reported a good spring

pig “crop." .



Thus far shcepmcn have sold very httle

of their spring clips of wool. prices of-

fered having been unsatisfactory. con—

trasting unfavorably with the higher

prices recorded in London. Some medium

wool has been sold in Ohio at 16@19c,

while some of the choicer Utah clips

brought 17@l8c. Sheepmen are prepared

to store their wool in the enormous ware.

houses in Chicago and Omaha if they can-

not get satisfactory prices.





DECATUR, IND.,





Importers and breeders of





BelgianGPerclteron





Stallions and Mares.





 





Our last Importation arrived last November. and

are in a very good condition and of the VERY BEST

TYPICAL DRAFT QUALITY. We have over 60

head of Stallions and Mares from two to live years

for nie. and we invite proapsectlve buyers to come

to our burns where he will find THE IDEAL

DRAFT HORSE. of both breeds above mentioned.



Our terms are liberal. and every sale is backed up

with the beat of guarantees.



Write. or better—come and see us. Address





 





 





 





FRISINGER 8- SPRUNGER. Decatur. Indlana.





FOR SALE HORSE —Auctlon Sale of Horses



every Friday at 10 A. M.

Private Sales daily. A number of draft and farm

horses always on hand including some city mares a

little pavement sore suitable for farm work. All

horses sold are as represented or money refunded.



JOS. GEROU HORSE MARKET.



475 Grntlot Ave. Detroit. Mlchlcan.





EGISTEBED PERCHERONS For Sale—1 mare

2-yr-old a 1 Stallion l-yr—old. greys. Stubblefleld

Register. M. A. Bray. Okemos, Inghnm 00.. Mich.





—Honea. Cattle Sheep Hogn. Dogs

For sale or Poultry. nedrly all breeds. Slrca

exchAnged. Southwest Michigan Pedigree-d Stock

Association, R. E. Jennings. Sec.. Paw Paw. Mich.





lllllilillERS’ DIRECTORY.

CATTLE.





ABERDEEN-ANGUS.





Herd headed by UNDULA'I‘A BLACKBIBD

l’l‘O S3836. one of the beat sons of PRINCE [TO

50006. and Grand Champion Bull at the Detroit

and Grand Rapids Fain of 1m. 1908 and 1909. Herd

consists of Eric“. Blackbirdn. Prices. etc.

WOODCOTE STOCK FARM. Ionln. Mloh.





berdeen-Ancna—Mnles—Femnlea. Potted Dur-

hnms both sexu. Devons. mule dz female. Buy

quick I. the Clover Blossom hm, Port Austin, Michigan.





- Berklhlre swine. a for

‘lnhm Ill" cllns- setting. High bre'tisfitock.

White 4'; Buff Orpingtona, White ¢k Barred Rocks,

Light Brahman. White Leghorn: and White Wynn-

dottec 81 per 15. Mich. School for the Deaf. Flint.





GUERNSEYS‘BULL “ms

fromluberculin teat-

ed cows. ALLAN KELSEY.Lnkovlow. Mich.

FOR SALE—Registered Guernsey

, Bull three years old.

GEO. W. REEVES. R.R. No. 2, Grand Rapids. Mich.

' Breeders and Importers of high

Maple "Idle Farm clues Guernseys. Write us your

wants. E. a J. T. MILLER. Birmingham. Mich.

FOR SALE—Young herd of Holstein

heifers. 7 yearling bulls, 8



calves-the oldest established herd in Ind.

W. C. JACKSON, 715 Rex St. South Bend, Ind.





TOP NOTCH HOLSTEINS.





Top Notch registered young Holstein Bulls com-

bining in themselves the blood of cows which now

hold and have in the past held World’s Records for

milk and butter-fat at fair prices.



McPHERSON FARMS 00.. Howell. Mich.





HOLSTElll FllIESIAllS‘f.“§i.°§1§§s'c.§§§§





Mercedes Royal King. W. B. Jones. Oak Grove.Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





-Eight choice registered Holstein

For sa le Sires, ready for service. The bunch





ate bargain. William B. Hatch. Ypsilanti. Mich.





5 Holstein Service Bulls For Sale.

Any one of which have breeding and individuality

that qualifies them to head any herd. Bull calves

and a few good cows.



1.. E. CONNELL. Fayette. Ohio.





BULL CALF f '

H O LST El N best families rgxfn tt‘l‘ig





breed. 0. D. WOODBURY. Lansing. Michigan.





H E R E FO R D 5:“23‘352’93650" 331233?





China hogs. R. E. ALLEN. Paw Paw. Mich.





LlLLlE FARMSTEAD JERSEY S





We have some splendid young bulls for sale. Some

of them are old enough for service. They are from

cows with records of 300 to 425 pounds of butter last

year. Write for description and prices.



OLON C. LILLIE. Coopersvllle. Mlch.





ERSEY BULL CALF born October 4th ’09. Dam

gave 9.3861ba. milk in one year. test 5 to 555%. Site’s

dam’a record 10.060 lbs. milk in 10% months tests 2-10

per cent. The Murray-Waterman 00., R. D. 6, Ann Arbor, Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





FOR SALE—l2 rogiltered Jerloy Cows of St. Lambert and

Inland blood, from 2 to 10 yearn. all fresh or nearly l0. Price

$100 each if taken at once. C. A. Brsitol, R. F. D. 5.Fonton, Mich.





AUCTION—Cloning out Linden Lea Jersey

Herd, JUNE 14th. Catalog

free. H. S, CHAPMAN, CaBSOpolis. Michigan.





 





 





——J B ll 0 l f 8 to9 mos. old.

F0" S‘lE Flggsftl’irftly feilovvgg afiinfmm extra good





cows. A. Newman. Mariette, Mich. R. F. D. No. 1.





BUTTER BRED wagging“

CRYSTAL SPRING STOCK FARM.

Silver Creek. Allecnn County. Mlohlcnn.





Register of Merit Jerseys. ”£32.53”

'1‘- F. WESTON. Buy CI”. M’!°hl‘ano





 





KEKIflNtiA STUCK FARM.





 





 





 





MAX 28... 1910.





Manual antiwwasasl





- WE'BIG MILK REWRDS.

TUBECULIH “sun BY'MATE YnmmxmAN.

ROYCROF'I' FARM. Sldnqw._llllcll.





BIDWELL STOCK FARM.

FOR SALE-40 Reg. Shorthorn Bulls.





All good. reds and mans. from 12 to 24 months old.

from the best of breeding at .75 to .125 each. Some of

them Scotch and Scotch-topped. of the herd heading

type. Also, young cows and heifers. all ages. Fifty

head in herd. Farm—'l‘wo blocks from Lake Shore

Station. L. I. BIDWELL, Tecumseh. Michigan.





D Al RY BRED SHORTHORNS—No stock

for sale at present. Visitors

welcome. J. B. HUMMEL. Mason. Mich.





SH EEP.





Oxfo rd- Down 8 been “33.15.23“

cattle for sale. A. D. & J. A. DEGARMO. Muir. Mich





OXFORD DOWNS entrant:





sale. H. J. De GARMO. R. No. 1. Clyde, Mich.





PARSONS OXFORD RAMS ,





also registered Hornless Detainee grade X .15; XX

820; XXX '25. Bomeyn 0. Parsons. Grand Ledge.

Mich. Michigan’aglnrgest breeder of good sheep.





SllllOPSlllllE lIALL STOGK Hill





Will import one hundred yearling ewes and 15 runs

in June for Michigan and the same for Boise. Idaho. 1

Branch of this Farm. Will make a fair price on 2

yearling ewes or rams. also on some aged ewes with l

lambs at side. for 80 days. ‘

L. S. DUNHAM dc SONS. Concord. Michigan.





|

l

130 Reg. Bamboillet Ewes for sale. descended I

l





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





-





 





 





 





from the beat flocks and bred to a pure Van

Homeyer and a ram sired by n Gilbert ram and lm-.

ported dam. Allin perfect health. In lots to suit buy- .

ere—none reserved. J. Q. A. Cook. Morrlce. Mich. .





[1065.





LARGE ENGLISH BEHKSHIHES.





Have fine lot {of spring plgslof both sexes. Few

young cows for fall furrow. Vigorous and strong.

the type for profitable pork production. Satisfac- .

flon guunnteed. F. A. BYWATEB, Memphis, Mich.





HUPP FARM BERKSHIRES!

WON 189 PRIZES IN 1909.



Stock of both sexes and all age: for sale. Breeders



of Guernsey Cattle. M. B. Turke a. Barred Rock ‘



Chickens, Pekln Ducks. GEO. (g HUPP, Man. .



Drawer-A Blrminzhnm Mlcnlznn.





U II (M b l . '

BERKSHIRES hoiiif’fioi... .“..'§fit’.3’gcn%ié‘i°i§fi





 





 





 





 





 





 





pigs. T. v. HICKS, a. No.11. BattleCtook.¥lch. ,

"Hill cuss “REE ”BUSH BEBKSHIR £53.? 1





sex. W. J. ROSS. Rochester, Michigan.





BERKSHIRES °.§..:3:-,.;-t,°.-g

typo andstrelns. C. S. BARTLETT. Ponunwwh.

. ' .’ . . ,p’

it ill '

"“..lli5.....°§i’li'i 5".

DAMS 330s. thcnnem. Mlch.. breeders of Im-

proved Chester White and Tamworth swine.





Pigs, either brood, by llf prilo Slate Pair winner-I. Bnfl Rock,

8113 Wynndotte eggs $1 per 15; W. Orpingtonss pu- l5.





 





 





   





 





 





Berkshire—A few choice fall Gflta bred for early fare

_ rowing and a choice lot of Spring Pigs with prices

right and the right breed. A. A. Puttullo, Docket-ville, Mich.





-—Sowa bred for Aug. and t.



Improved Chestnut“... 0...... Mach... 3..

fan-ow. either sex also W. Wyandotfe Eggs .1 for 15.

W. 0. WILSON. Okemoa, Mich. (Both Phones).





PliillTAll Hgng otcuasm wanes





The peer 0 any n mericn. Spring pigs for sale'

WILL W. FISHER. Watervllet. Mlohlcnn.





DU ROG JERSEYS. ggfiggng;





Hustlnss. Mich. Nothing for sale at present.



Sb 1) d D . .

mmoc JERSEY SWINE. Reg. .3 1:,

for 15. J. H. BANGHART, Lansing. Mich.

WALNUT HILL FARM Herd of Durocl. Bred cows all sold.





35 fine tall sows, 16 fine fall boon ready for Icrvico. 100

Write J. 0. Barney, Goldwater, Itch.





H I

0. I. C. bred sows all sold. b05335" ‘3)":

hand. GEORGE P. ANDREWS. Dansville. Mich.

0. I. C.-A ““7 bred Bows. Orders booked for





spring pigs from very choice stock. pairs

not akin. S. J. COWAN. Rockford, Michigan





 





 





 





 





spring pigs to date.





 





 





 





O I c REGISTERED PIGS. 10 to 12

o 0 - weeks from World’s Fair winners.

Glenwood Stock Farm. Zeeland. Mich. Phone 94.





—0rders booked for a tin Ia

0- lo CO from State Fair winnexi's. g pg





C. J. THOMPSON. Rockford. Mich.





0 l C Spring Pigs For Sale. 14 choice boar pigs

- 0 ' and 17 choice sow pigs. Satisfaction

Guaranteed. Fred Nickel, Monroe. Mich.. R. No. 1.





30 P 6 Fall Pl s—by two champion boars. Book-

- . g 'ng orders for weaned pigs by

10 dlfl’erent boars. WM. WAFFLE. Goldwater. Mich.





MULE FO0TEI) llOGS‘fifegfigggsf'lt-"ty of





Au

for sale from 5 big boars. Send stamp for infer-2g?

tion. J. H. DUNLAP, Williamsport. Ohio.





 





 





 





 





 





 





IiEAVY BONED POLAND-CHINA PIGS at

reasonable prices. Eggs from big. business Bar-

red Rocks 31 per 15. ROBERT NEVE. Pierson. Mich.





 





ICIIIGAN'S GREATEST HERD of big Polnnd-Chlnn H .

M Big Boned. Long Bodied, Big Litters. The fnrmern' huge};

bugger, better and more prolific Poland-Chin; Writ. for

what you want. Bell phone. J. C. BUTLER, Portlmd, Itch. .





 





OR SALE—4 P. 0. hours ready for service. Eggs

for hatching & prize winning Regal White d2 Col-

umbian Wynndottes, Zach Kinne, Three 0nka.Mich.





I ——Bonrs. G'lt d

POIand Chlnas of qualitylnli glile right):

price. B. M. WING & SON. Sherdlnn. Michigan.

~Booking o d f

POLAND-CHINAS pigs. Notliilféselagrtggggg

WOOD d: SONS. Saline. Mleh.





Largo improved English Yorkshires.





The hogs that make good. September gilt: bred to

furrow next August or September. Spring pigs of

either sex. Pair: not akin. Satisfaction guaranteed.



. COLON C. LILLIE. Coopenvllle. Mlch. ‘





 





 





 





Y





.4 g .1 __.. ._...
MAY 28, 1910; , ,





. Keep Hogs





W4 Healthy





 





*§}\ will" ....’"'~





' fAMDIfieING TANK on A HOG WALLOW





KR 556'"pr N9.I





WILL Do THE WORK .





‘ {THERE IS NO EXCUSE FOR LOUSY MANGY

'UNTHRIFTY PIGS. IF YOU HAVE SOME

OF THIS KIND YOU WILL FIND IT WORTH

‘ WHILE TO GET OUR CIRCULAR ON



TANKS AND WALLOWS. IT TELLS

, HOW TO MAKE THEM OF CEMENT





KRESO DIP NQI





IS A REAL NECESSITY

ABOUT ALL LIVE STOCK

FOR KILLING LICE.TICKS.MITES, FLEAS.

FOR TREATING SCAB,MANGE,RINGWORM.

AND OTHER SKIN DISEASES:

TO DISINFECTDEODORIZE,‘

CLEANSE. a: PURIFY.





ALL OF THESE USES FULLY DESCRIBED

IN OUR BOOKLETS. WRITE FOR COPIES

ASK YOUR DRUGGIST FOR KRESO DIP NO]





PARKEJDAVIS 8‘ CO..





DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY.





 





 





 





KendalUS





Spavin Cure





HE cure that saves

o r s e m e n and

farmers millions of

dollars every ear.

Nothing equals t 101-

Spavin, Curb, Sp 1 in t,

Ringbone,Bminrowths

or any Lameness. This

man says:





“Used 25 Years;





Great Success”





“Please send me copy of

your “Treatise on the

Horse.” Ihave been using

your Spavln Cure for the

past 25 years, with the

greatest success.”

Yours Respectfully

G. H. Oberho

Fort Worth, 'I‘ex.

Keep your horses at top

coudit on all the time.

Don’t worry about that

- spavin or other rowth, cut.

swell! oriameness,butuse Ken all’sSpavln ,

Cure. eep a bottle for emergency use. It

has proven itself to be the world’s greatest

liniment for man and beast. Sold by all

droughts $1 a bottle: 6 for $5. Get the

boo , “Treatise on the Horse,” free, of

druggists, or write to





DR. B. J. KENDALL C0.

Enosbura Falls,

Vt.





   

 

   

 

 





 





 

   

 





 





   

 





 





 

   

   

 





THE MICHIGAN, FARM-«ER.





PASTURING PEAS AND RAPE.





 





I have some peas which I have sowed

for hog pasture which are snow about one

and a half inches high. I also have a

piece of rape sowed for the same purpose,

which is just out of the ground. How far

should these crops be advanced before I

should be justified in pasturinlg them?

Lenalwee Co. B. W. A.



The greatest profit is derived from Can-

ada peas for hog pasture if the hogs are

turned in about. the time the peas become

well developed and long enough before

they ripen so that th'c whole crop may be

secured by the hogs before the rainy sea»

son of the fall. If turned in before the

proper stage, the grain secured will not

be large and the foragc socurcd Iwill not

be enough more valuable to offset this

loss. Rape should not be pastured until

it attains a fair growth. say eight inches

to a foot in height according to the area

to be pasturcd and the nm'nlwr of hogs

to be run upon it. "l‘his growth will, un-

der favorable conditions, be attained six

or eight weeks from the date of sowing.





 





LIVE STOCK NOTES.



The recent annouucmncnt that Germany

had to rclax in its rigid inspection of

American pork turns out to be untrue,

and pork shipped from this country will

continue to be subjccicd, along with other

foreign pork, to rigid examination by Ger-

man sanitary authorities. Of course, the

German practical prohibition of American

pork does not cut much figure at the pres-

ent time, owing to the fact that our hog

products are much too high in price to

admit of free exportation, and domestic

consumption is sufficient to absorb the

production, most of the present limited

hog marketings being needed for the fresh

meat trade.



Rough pasture land in New York val—

ued at $150020 an acre is to be stocked

this summer with sheep, and western

sheep are to be used. Not only in Yates

and Ontario counties in New York, but

also in many parts of New England, there

is a marked revival of the sheep indus-

try, the high prices having started farm-

ers to thinking and rcminding them that

thcir rough pastures might return them

plcnty of money' providing dogs were

kept at a distance. Population is in-





creasing throughout the cast. and thcre

is a great lack of home-grown mutton.





The prevailing opinion is that shccp are

not. likely to become cheap again, as with

the rapid narrowing of the ranges of the

country, it. will be no casy matter to ma-

terially increase the mutton and wool

supply. Buyers of yearling breeding ewes

left New York some timc ago and have

been traveling through the western coun—

try in search of well-bred stock.



It is time. for stockmen to get their fat

cattle to market, for past experience has





 





   





   

 

   

   

   

   

   

 

   

   





 





Try My Stanchions

StallsJ-‘eed and

litter Carriers

at My Risk





, P“ r SANITARY BAilb

”flog/”77% LOUIPHL’NT MAN





I guarantee satisfaction with every part of my

equipment. whether you buy one stall or a.

complete barn equipment. '

JAMES SANITARY STALLS, ALIGIIIIIG STANCHIDIIS,

FEED AIIII LITTER CARRIERS and other conveniences -

are endorsed by the best business dairy-

men for convenience, sanitation and

economy. New Improvements place

JAMES goods more than ever beyond

com parison with others. Write for

prices and full particulars.

W. D. James, M315, KENT MFG. 00.,

I IlCane 80,. Ft. Atkinson, Wis.





 





55! V9

.Your She ep





Don’t let them die from Distemper. Snufllcs, Eta—get

CBAFT’S DISTEMPER REMEDY. .

No risk. 50 sure it is sold on a money back '

sEndfrsft’d by (largest brcgders. gt

DD V sen to us an t

5 oils ding





stat-arena; lads. Qt“.





 





shown that when the vegetable and fruit

season arrives the consumption of beef

falls off suddenly and materially. It has

been a rarely equalled year thus far in

the cattle trade, extraordimirily high

prices having been paid for cattle of ev-

ery description, from the choiccst down

to the commonest. They are still very

high in price, despite sharp reductions in

recent weeks, and owners should take a

good price when it is obtainable, Receipts

of cattle at Chicago and Missouri river

markets have kcpt, up much hotter than

was expected, most reports having repre—

sented fccding opcrations as on a much

reduced sca‘lc, and many corn-fcd cattle

remain to be niarkcicd, while Kentucky

has the largest number of distillcry-fcd

cattle for marketing cvcr known. It is

always cxircmcly difficult to rcccive rcally

accurate information rcgardmg the coun-

try‘s cattle supplies, for there is a ten-

denCy on the part of stockmen to under-

state the numbers of cattle in thcir re—

spective sections. W'hcre siockmen have

cattle that are thin it is best to put them

on grass, and that is what many farmers

are doing at this time. Furthermore,

corn is cheap enough to feed to stock,

but the prevailing lcndency is to graze

cattle instead of placing ihcm in feed

lots. Before long southwcslcrn grass cat-

tle will show up in the markcts of the

country in good— numbers, and that means

usually a slump in cattle prices. Under

prcscnt conditions it is out of the question

to expect any forcign demand worth men—

tioning, priccs bcing much too high. The

American stocknien must depend on the

home demand in the future, Argentina

having capturcd the English trade by fur-

nishing cheap bccf..



Dali Campbell, one of the most exten-

sive stock reedcrs of Custer county, Ne-

braska, topped the Chicago market not

long ago with a car ldad of fancy cross-

brcd Hereford Shorihorns that averaged

1,483 lbs. at $8.35 per 100 lbs. He stated

that cattle in that rcgion were roughed

through IlIc “'llllll' successfully, notwith~

standing the severe wcaiher, and during

the last fcw weeks stock has gone on

grass, pastures bcing in fine shape. In

the comparatively small area of western

Nebraska, where irrigation is practicable,

arming operations are starting up, but

cattle raising promises to be the great

industry in other places. Mr. Campbell

said that settlers ~have crowded out ranch-

men in lleam and Laup counties. but it

seems doubtful whether attempts to make

farming pay will be a success. Winter—





fcd cattle have been largely marketed.

and farmers are not disposed to grain

feed cattle in the summer period. About





half of the old alfalfa fields were winter

killed, and new fields will be devoted to

that crop, it being the best paying cror)

and the acreage increasing yearly. Mr.

Campbell has been feeding 200 hogs. .T.

B, Turner, the leading (luster countv

stock feeder, fed last winter 700 cattle





 





 





 





HORSES sensagmgm





Can ure. ,





 





and 900 hogs. Stockmcn rely largely on

alfalfa. which furnishes three or four

cuttings every year and averages in a





season about five tons to the acre.





 





VYYV‘VVVYV—VYYYVYVVYVYYVYV





i VETERINARY





AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAALAA—A





CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR, V, S.





Advice through this department is free

to our subscribers. Each communication

should state history and symptoms of the

case in full; also name and address of

writer. Initials only will be published.

Many queries are answered that apply to

the same ailments. If this column is

watched carefully you will probably find

the desired information in a reply that

has been made to some one else. When

rcply by mail is requested, it becomes

private, practice, and a fee of $1.00 must

accompany the letter.





 





 





 





 





Looscncss of Bowels.—Our cattle have

been feeding on low land and the grass

appears to cause great. looseness of bow-

(ls. \Vhat had I better do for them? J.

l’. M., Yale, Mich—Mix together equal

parts by weight_ powdered sulphate iron,

powdered catechu and ginger and give a

dcsscrlspoonl‘ul i0 cacll of them in some

iced once or twice a day. The low land

grass is no doubt causing their trouble

and if you can conveniently change to

upland pasture until the weather grows

warmer, do so.



Diseased Tooth—Caiarrh.——For the past

thrcc months one of my horses has been

discharging from one nostril and about a





week ago another horse began to dis-

charge in much the same manner. What





ails them and what had better be done?

G. E. N., Canton, Mich.——’l"he horse that

discharges from one nostril only has pcrw

haps a diseased molar tooth and as soon





as the tooth is cxtractcd the discharge

from nose will cease. The other horse

has caught cold and now suffcrs from





nasal catarrh. Give 1 dr. powdcrcd sul-

phatc iron. 4 drs. gcnliam. 2 drs. nitrate

potash and 1/2 oz. ginger at a dose in fccd

three times a. day.



Cow Fails to Come in Heat—I have a

cow that calvcd last November, which has

not come in heat since. I gave her gin-

gcr. capsicum and rosin. but it has not

produced any results. My druggist tells

me that capsicum and red pcppcr are the

same, but I had a doubt. F, T., Yale,

MiclI.——-Your cow may ncver come in hcat

again. However, you may try giving 20

grains powdered cautharidcs at a dose in

iced twice a day, also dilate opcning into

womb and this will perhaps inducc her to

comic in hczIt and breed. Your druggist is

right.



llingbonc.—I have a very nice yearling

heifer that has every appearance of hav-

ing a ringbonc. She begins to show a

little lamcncss and I would like to know

what can be donc for hcr. A. .l. M.,

Croi‘lon, Mich. lingbonc lamencss should

be regarded as a serious ailment, there-

fore, you should commcncc treatment

right away and keep it up until the filly





 





gcts wcll. Apply one part rod iodide

mercury and cight parts lard to bunch





once a week.



Grub in the Head—I have lost several

shccp, caused by grub in the head, and

as scvcral more of my flock are running

down I would like to know how to treat

them. H. I’., \l'csi Branch, Micli.—~Dy

blowing some Scotch snuff up the nose it

will bring on sneezing spells and it is

possible for the shcep to expel Ihu grubs

that. are hosted high up in tho nasal pas-

sage. ln bad cuscs l trcphinc through

bone of face and wash out grub with

tcpid water. In some cases steaming has

a good effect.



{arren (‘lI‘Vfi-‘ml have a cow that has

had two calves. Since thcn she has failed

to get with calf although served by two

difl‘crcnt bulls. (l, 0., Allegan, Mich.—

Dissolve .‘l ozs. bicarbonatc soda in a gal-

lon of water and inject cow oncc a day,

using plenty of this lotion each time she

is treated. If she fails to got with calf

and has much discharge dissolve 1 oz

alum in 1/3 gal. of water and inject her

twice a day fer a few days Ihcn once

daily with bo often enough.



Hard "Milkcrfsl have a cow that is an

cxcccdingly hard milkcr and havc bccn

told that it can be remedied by dilating

the duct through the leaf. 1 have, also

heard that plugs for the teats liclp to

overcome this trouble and if so vwhcrc can

I purchase them? 0. \V. \V., Butternut,

Mich—Polished mcial sounds of different

sizes should be used in dilating tho chan—

nel through teats or teat plugs can be

used; howcvcr, l prcfcr tho stccl sounds.

Thc Lawrcnce Publishing Company can

supply you with {cat plugs.



Sore Shoulders and Neck.»l have a 10-

,vcar old horsc that is troublcd with sore

shouldcrs and neck: bcsidcs, whcrcvcr

tho harncss rubs the skin scems to get

sorc. \Yhat shall I apply to heal and

toughcu the Icndcr skin? N. ’l‘., Lowis-

ion, l\,liclI.—T)is5olvc 1,4 lb. acctaic lead.

3 ozs. sulphate zinc and 1 oz. tannic acid

in one gallon cold water and apply to sore

parts ihrcc timcs a day. live I; drs. lion-

ovan's Solution at a dosc in fecd two or

three Iimcs a day.



Nodular Disease—rhropsy of Throat.—

I have a flm-k of 50 ewes that havc not

done nearly as well this year as they did

last and their wool yield fell short 100

pounds I noIico some of them have a

swelling undor the throat which cxtcnds

up on each side but produces no pain.

0. F. M., Calcsburg. Mich—The swelling

in throat is a result, not an ailmcni,

caused, perhaps. for want of feeding the

owes a balanced ration of sufficicntly nu—

tritious food, or it may be lhc result of

indigestion brought on from bowel para-

sites. Give each owe a 1/: toaspoonful of

the following compound powder: Pow-

dered sulphate iron, ginger, quassia, cin-

chona, gentian and bicrabnoatc soda,

equal parts by weight. mixed thououghly

in feed twice daily. Paint the swelling in

throat with tincture of iodine twice a

week. The sheep should be well fed.



Cows Do Not Come in Heat—l have a.

seven—year—old cow that tame fresh last

fall and two hei-fers 18 months old that





KAAAA





 





 

 





Clean Up and Disinfect -





everything about the barn, hog

pen, cow stable, chicken yard,

sinks, drains, cellar, cess-pools,

etc., with a solution of





Ir. Hess flip





and Disinfeclanl





   

   





 





 





   





One gallon Dip makes 70 to 100

gallons of solution. The greatest

preventive of disease known.

Kills lice, mites, sheep ticks,

fleas. Cures sheep scab, mnage,

eczema and other parasitic skin

diseases of horses, cattle, sheep,

hogs,dogs and poultry. Alsoheals

cuts, burns and infectious sores.



If your dealer cannot supply

you, we will. Write for circular.





DR. HESS & CLARK

Ashland. Ohio.





 

   

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   





 





 





 





WILL NOT SCAR OR BLEMISH.





oomsAun’s

CAUSTIC BALSAM





is the safest and most effective lotion or

blister for ailments of





HORSES and CATTLE





and supersedes all cautery or firing.



It is prepared exclusively by j. E. Gom-

bault, tax-Veterinary Surgeon to the French

Government Stud.





As a HUMAN REMEDY for Rheu-

matl-m, Sprulnl. Sore Throat, etc., It I

As invaluable.



Every bottle of Caustic Balsam sold is

Warranted to give satisfaction. Price 81.50

per bottle. Sold by drufiglsts or sent by ex-

press, charges paid, with ull directions for Its

use. Send for descriptive circulars, testimo-

nials, etc. Address





THE LAWRENCE-WILLIAMS COMPANY. Cleveland. Ohio_





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





(Continued on page 571).





 

 





it strikes when our gravity

- Spraycrisuscd. Kecpsln-

sect pcets off animals

in pasture longer than any

‘ . . \ imitation. Used since 1885.

f‘. % Thousands ofdairynlen dupli-



\





   





   

   

 

 

 





   

 

 

 





cam: 10 to 50 gallons annually

‘ after testing imitations. Abso-

lutely harmless ;cures allsores.





cents worth saves $10



worth of milk and flesh on each cow during fly season.

N0 Lice In Poultry House or any place it is sprayed.

If dealer offers substitute. send us his name and $1 for

3-tube gravity Sprayer and enoufh SIIOO-FLY to protect 200

cows Nzunc express office. 8 returned if animals

not protected. Free booklet. Special terms to agents.

Shoo-Fly Mfg. Co, 1333 N. 10th St... Phlla.. Pg.



Editor knows from experience that SheavFly is O. K.





Shoe Bails, Capped

flock, Bursitis

are hard to cure. yet





ABSORBINE.





will remove them and leave no I -

311).. .Dogs not blister or rg’mifi "

e __a1r. ‘ures any pufl.‘ or swellln . Horse

be worked. 82.00 per bottle.dellvered.1§ook 60 119::

ABSQRBINE. JR». (mankind, $1.00 bottle.)

FonBOIIs. Bruises. Old Sores. Swellings. Gain-6‘

Varicose Veins, Varicositics. Alleys Pain. .





W. F. VIIIIIIB. P.II.F.; 268 Temple St” Sprlnlfleld. In”.
«2.3a :

564 (8) 9’





.... THE DAIRY ..





CONDUCTED BY COLON'C. LILLIE.





 





YYYV





 





 





 





DEFENDS THE 'DAIRY FARMER BE-

FORE THE COMMITTEE ON AG-

RICULTURE AT WASHINGTON.





Statement by Mr. Colon C. Lillie before

the Committee on Agriculture of the

House of Representatives at the final

hearing on the Burleson Oleomargarine

Bill:



Mr. Chairman,

Committee:



I am opposed to the sale of oleomar—

garine as butter. I am convinced that it

is practically impossible to prevent the

sale of oleomargarinc, colored in imitation

of butter, as butter. Therefore, 1 am op-

posed to the selling, or offering for sale.

of oleomargarinc that looks like butter.

If it requires the taxing power of our

gOVernment to prevent the manufacture

and sale of oleomargarine in imitation of

‘butter, then I am not only opposed to the

removal of the present tax of 10¢ per

pound, but I am in favor of increasing

the tax to such an amount that the man-

ufacture and sale of it will be. absolutely

prohibited. If you can do this without

resorting to the taxing power of the gov-

ernment, then remove the tax.



“'hen a customer asks for butter and is

sold oleomargarine instead, a gross fraud

is perpetrated and it is an Imposition as

well. The oleo may answer the purpose

of butter, but it is not butter and it lacks

that fine aroma and expuisite flavor that

good buttcr possesses. The chemist may

tell you tllat olco is just as nutritious and

just as digestible, and therefore, just as

good as butter. But the same Chemist

will tell you that dried grass, or hay, is

just as digestible and just as nutritious as

green growing grass; but the cow that

eats it knows bctlcr. She likes the grass

better and does better when allowcd to

eat the This leads sonic of us

(including the cow), to believe that a

chemist cannot tell, for instance, the cf-

fect palatability has upon digestion and

assimilation.



The olt-omargarine people may

from now until tho co‘ming of the mil-

]enium, they may swear expert chemists,

and the like, to prove that oleo is just a;

good as butter. They may cause some

people to bellt‘Vt‘ that thcy think a is

just as good, but they never will make

the. great mass of the consuming public

bclicve that hog lard and beef tallow is

as good as butter-fat. The people know

bcttcr.



Again, when olcomargarine is sold as

butter, a gross injustice is done to dairy

farming, one of the greatest industries of

this country; an industry that produces

annually nearly or (mite $800,000,000 of

wealth; an industry that is doing more,

today for the permanrmt prosperity of

this country than any other industry we

have; an industry that always follows in

the wake of the soil robber~—the wheat

grower, the corn grower, and the cotton

and tobacco grower, and builds up the

soil that they have exhausted. This in-

dustry is restoring the producing power

of the Worn out wheat fields of the north

wcst, it is making two bushels of corn

grow where but one grew before in the

corn belt; it would, if it \vcrc given the

opportunity, make two balcs of cotton

grow where now only one grows, in the

cotton states. Encourage this industry

and you lay the foundation for future

plosperity of this nation. because you

lay the foundation for successful agricul-

ture. Every pound of oleo that is <old

for butter strikes at the very foundation

of this great industry.



You ask what effect the unrestricted

sale of oleo would have on the dairy in—

dustry. I answer, how long could any

industry endure if its products could be,

substituted by the products of another

industry in which the cost of production

was less than one-half? It is perfectly

logical to conclude that unless adultero-

tion and fraud were rcsortcd to, that the

industry in which the cost of production

was greatest would be soon exterminatcd.



\‘l'hile the. sale of olco as butter does an

injustice to the industry of dairying.

compelling its sale by law for what it

is, does no injustice to the cotton. the,

cattle or the hog industries. \I’e are

asked to believe that the use of cotton-

seed oil would be curtailed if the color

was legislated out of oleo; but as I under-~

stand it, cottonseed oil is not used for the

purpose of coloring oleo, but for soften-

ing the hard brittle tallow and other in-

gredients to give the proper butter body

to the product. Hence there would be





and Gentlemen of the





grass.





argue





T‘i’iE‘ "fiféhib





as large a per cent of cottonseed oil used

in the manufacture of un-colored oleomar-

garine as in colored. ' So the cotton grow-

er’s market would not be restricted and

no injustice done to his industry.



I am informed that the fat from winter-

fed, or stall-fed cattle makes a higher

grade product than that from summer-

fed or grass-fed cattle, although the fat

from the latter is more highly colored.

Consequently, in legislating color out of

oleo, no injustice is done the great cattle

industry of the country.



We are confronted with the fact that

dairy products are higher than usual.

But are they higher in proportion than

corn or oats or hay which the farmer

must use? I think not. If you will inves-

tigate this subject, I think you will as-

certain that butter has fluctuated in price





very closely with these food stuffs. Com-

parativcly speaking. butter and other





dairy products are not excessively high

in price at the present time. It has been

stated that if for any reason the sale

of oleo should be restricted, or curtailed.

that butter would advance enormously In

price. I do not believe this. It would only

be temporarily, at least, because the ad-

vanced price would stimulate the in-

creased production of butter. If you will

settle this oleo question and settle it

right, the investments in dairying will be

largely increased in the future. People

are afraid to invest their money in dairy

farming because they are afraid that oleo

may, through fraud. destroy their market.

It is on the same principle that people are

afraid to invest in certain kinds of manu-

facturing when there is a constant agita-

tion of the tariff.



My experience in attempting to enforce

pure food laws warrants me in saying

that it is practically impossible to pre—

vent the sale of colored oleo as butter.

An inspector would have to be stationed

continually in every shop where it is sold,

which, in my judgment, would be imprac-

ticable.



()lvomargarine can probably be sold for

what it is at a grcater profit than is

realized by the producer in the manufac—

ture and sale of dairy butter. There is

a natural and legitimate demand for oleo,

as such, at proper olco prices. In my own

home town mic dealer sells oleo in its

natural color and docsdiot sell butter.

People buy it for what it is and seem to

to be satisfied. Its price has not exceed-

ed .180 per lb. during the past winter

Thcrc is no attempt at deception. Other

dealers sell butter only. People buy this

for what it is and at butter prices, and

are satisfied. In both instances people, get

what they desire and nobody is deceived

or defrauded. I make no war on oleo—

ma ‘garine when honestly sold. It has a

field and a market of its own, but as a

brother it has no right to wear Jacob's

coat, and as a wolf, it has no right to

grandmothcr‘s cloak.



In my estimation the oleomargarine

manufacturer made a mistake in a com-

mercial way when he first attempted to

deceive people by selling oleo as butter.

He would have had a better market: today

than he has and the. whole business would

be loode upon with greater favor by the.

public.



Give us a law that will enable all to

readily distinguish betWeen oleo and but-

tcr; give oleo a tinge of yellow if you

wish, so that pcoplo with false pride will

not blush when they spread it upon their

bread; but make the distinction clearly,

so that you, and I, and everybody, can

readily scc that this is oleoniargarine, and

that is buttcr. Give us this kind of a

law and both the dairy industry and thc

olco industry will be justly treated. All

will have a fair chance and a square

deal.



Do this and you will see development

in the -J;-iry industry that will tend to

reduce priccs, and this development will

add to the matcrial prosperity of our

country, agricultural production will in-

crease all along the. line. The railroads

will groan under thc amount of frcight to

be carricd, our factories will not want for

raw material and our farmers will do

their best to produce good food in abund-

ance at a moderate price.





THE HEARING ON THE OLEO BILL.





The hearing on the oleomargarine bill

was adjourned to the 12th and 16th of

May. The 0100 people were given the

12tb—tbe 13m and 14th were devoted to

the dairy interests—and then on Monday

the forcnoon Was also given to 2the dairy

interests and the afternoon to the oleo-

margarine people. The delegates present

representing the dairy industry were sat-

isfied that they made quite an impression

on the house committee on agriculture,

with reference to their cause. In fact.





6*. “'i “3—!" "Nil ”fl-"if?

AN FARMER.

at the close of the hearing, the chairman

of the committee, Mr, Scott, of Kansas.

intimated that we had made a splendid

showing, upon which he congratulated us.

The principal points which the oleo-

margarine people emphasized before this

committee was, that as long as dairymen

colored butter that they had a right to

color oloemargarine. That oleomargarine

ought not to be taxed because the tax

increased its price and thus made it a

burden upon the poor man, and third.

they attempted to prove that oleomar-

garine was as wholesome, or even more

so, than butter. They did not succeed in

convincing the representatives of the

dairy industry upon any of these points.

Perhaps, however, we were not qualified

to sit upon a jury of this sort because we

had made up our minds before and might

’have been prejudiced. However, when we

take everybody’s interest in this question

into consideration, it does seem that their

contentions are not well founded. As a

matter of fact, there is no argument in

any of their views that were presented

before the committee. In the first place

dairymen do color butter a portion of the

year. but it is not done to deceive the

consumer, while oleomargarine is colored

solely for the purpose of deceiving the

consumer and making him believe that he

is getting butter when he is really getting

oleomargarine. The natural color of but-

for when cows are upon grass pasture is

yellow. That is the trade mark of butter.

The dairymen could not deprive butter of

this color if they tried. Their only ex-

cuse for coloring butter is to have the

butter produced upon dry feed, uniform

in color with that produced during the

summer months. They do not try to sell

the product which they color for anything

only just exactly what it is. Therefore,

the dairyman has a right to color butter

and the oleomargarine people do not have

the right to color oleo in semblance of

butter, because it is done to deceive.





On the question of tax enhancing the

value of oleomargarine and thus making

it a burden upon the laboring man,. es-

pecially, it was proved before tlte com-

mittee that 97 per cent of the oleomar-

garine sold last year was sold without

paying the ten cent tax, only paying a

quarter of a cent a pound, which proves

conclusively that the ten cent tax is not

a burden upon the consumer. Much of

this oleo sold without paying the ten cent

tax was fraudulently sold. “'hen the

Grout bill was enacted in 1902, at the last

moment the wording of the bill was

changed from a prohibition of coloring

oleomargarine any shade of yellow butter,

to oleomargarine artificially colored. This

idea was not approved by the dairymen

at that time because it was believed that

the oleomargarine manufacturer would

find some way of coloring olcomargarine

other than coloring it artificially. That

is, they would get ingredients together

which would produce a yellow color. But

at that time there was no known way of

coloring oleomargarinc only by artificial

coloring, and consequently rather than

have all their work fall flat, this com-

promise was tolerated. The fears of some

of the leading men. like Mr. Flanders and

Governor Hoard, have proven true. The

oleomargarine people have found a way

of coloring oleo by using colored ingredi-

cnts rather than artificial coloring, con-'

sequently the colored oleomargarine that

is sold largely escapes the ten cent tax.

Therefore this tax is not a burden upon

the consumer. If olta'imargarine was sold

for just exactly what it is, and no at-

tempt made to dcceive or defraud, there

would be no burdcn upon the consumer

bccausc thcre would only be a mere nom—

inal tax of a quarter of a cent a pound.

Consequently, there is no force in this

argument.



The oleo people, of course, have always.

from the very beginning, had the burden

thrust upon their shoulders to show that

oleomargarine was wholesome and nutri-





(C‘ontinucd on page 567).





 





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MAY 23, 1910.





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MAY 28, 1910.





PER CENT OF CREAM DETERMINED

FROM YIELD OF BUTTER.





 





About what per cent of butter-fat would

cream test that churns 45 per cent of

butter, after being salted and worked over

ready for use? About how much cream

will the average cream separator take

out of 100 lbs, of milk after having 50 lbs.

of water added and standing 12 hours and

then remove what cream there is in it?



Hillsdale Co. J. A. P.





As I understand the problem, a given

amount of cream, say 100 lbs., turns out

45 lbs. of butter. Now what is wanted

is to know the per cent of butter—fat in

the cream. This cannot be told absolutely

without knowing the over—run in the but-

ter, but we will suppose that the over-

run is about normal, or 16 per cent, con-

sequently the 45 lbs. of butter is the

amount, and 16 is the rate per cent and

what we want to find is the base, or the

butter—fat. Given the amount and rate

per cent, to find the base we divide the

amount by one, plus the rate per cent.

Dividing 45 lbs. by 1.16 gives us 38.8 per

cent butter-fat in the cream.



If I remember correctly, careful experi-

ments at our experiment station deter-

mined that the water separator, that is

diluted with half its volume of water, did

not skim closer than one per cent and in

many instances it was even more than

this. Now a good centrifugal separator

will separate as close as one or one and

a half of one—tenth per cent. Conse-

quently, if the milk was not diluted with

water we could expect to get eight or

nine-tenths of one per cent of fat from

it by running it through a centrifugal

separator.





CARING FOR MILK PROPERLY.





 





 





There certainly would be a great im-

provement over present conditions of car-

ing for milk if dairymen generally could

realize the importance of this matter,

that certain precautions are necessary in

handling milk unless one goes into the

matter and studies out how the milk be-

comes contaminated.



Impure milk will be the result if the

utmost precautions are not taken in

handling it and impure milk necessarily

means that its products will also be im-

pure and have very poor keeping qualities.



It should be remembered that all con-

tamination depends upon some form of

badmiazawmfii are present everywhere

and which multiply very readily under

certain conditions and temperatures. '



Taking this to be true, that contamina—

tion depends upon some form of bacterial

infection it is at once apparent that the

precautions necessary are to prevent, as

much as possible, the bacteria coming in

contact with the milk and to make the

conditions for their growth and multipli-

cation as unfavorable as possible.



The stable in which the cow lives, and

particularly that in which the milking is

done, should be kept in as clean a condi-

tion as possible. The habit of removing

the cows to a separate milking room is

one which is undoubtedly very useful in

reducing the chance of bacterial contami-

nation.



It is desirable that the place where all

manure and barnyard refuse is placed

should be removed as far as can be from

the milking stall and no stagnant water

should be allowed near the barn.



Manure is not only a source of bacteria,

but is a great breeding place for flies,

'which are also a great nuisance; one fly

falling into the milk pail has been shown

to be capable of introducing 250,000 bac-

teria in milk.



Especial care should be taken in regard

to the condition of those who do the

milking or have anything to do with

handling the milk. Special clothing is

advised to be worn during the milking.

That the worker should carefully wash

his hands before entering upon the duty

of milking is taken as a matter of course.



The milk vessels should be thoroughly

scrubbed with hot water containing soda

and should then be scalded in boiling

water and without rinsing in cold water

should be turned upside down and allowed

to stand in the air until needed for use

and in no case should they be wiped with

a rag after scalding.



As bacterial growth and multiplication

depends largely upon temperature it is

necessary that this temperature be avoid-

ed as much as possible. The temperature

at which the maximum growth occurs

seems to be near 70 degrees Fahrenheit,

and many grow best even at 95 degrees.



It is quite evident that these tempera-

tures should not be retained in the milk

after the milking is done, but it should

be reduced immediately to a temperature

which will not favor this growth.





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





Many dairymen think it necessary to

aerate the milk to get rid of the so-called

animal odors. The milk has a certain

odor which is removed by the aeration,

but if contaminations are reduced to the

minimum there will be less necessity for

aeration and animal odors would be very

slight if at all appreciable. But under

any circumstances, whether the milk is

aerated or not. immediate cooling is an

important factor in the keeping of the

milk.



Illinois. W. H. UNDERWOOD.

DISPROVES THEORY THAT FEED



DOES NOT AFFECT QUALITY

OF MILK.





 





In The Farmer of April 30 (we read a

scrap of the old, old theory. “Can I feed

up or down the per cent of butter-fat.”

This per cent business in the cream pot

partakes strongly of the old “wheat and

chess” theory. Feeders, breeders of finely

improved dairy stock, and men of scien-

tific study, tell us common folk, “No, you

can’t,” and we common folk are rather

inclined to side with the cow. The cow

says: “Fiddlesticksl give me a ration

balanced tip right and I’ll show you a





some instances milk cans were permitted

to air and dry on back porches where

poultry, dogs, cats and house pets en-

joyed perfect freedom in their move-

ments. The presence of sediment in‘lthe

milk containers was a common- occur-

rence.



Few, if any, facilities were found for

boiling the water to cleanse the utensils

used in the handling and transportation

of milk, the hands of the milkers, or the

udders of the cows. Polluted water read-

ily contaminates milk. The knowledge

which is rapidly being accumulated as to

chronic carrier; of the typhoid bacillus

and the common custom which prevails

in rural communities of depositing human

excreta upon the ground, frequently in

close proximity to residences, barns and

water supplies, demand that the water

supply on dairy farms should be fre-

quently examined and carefully guarded

against contamination.



The above facts go to show the neces—

sity for a general awakening among milk

producers of the necessity for more care

in the production and handling of milk.

Regulation by local authorities will not

accomplish reform. Education must go

first and police authority should be used





 





Pedro’s Brown Bessie 2d, 213309, A. J. C. C., the first cow tested officially for over

300 days for a high record, and milked during test by milking machine.





thing or two." That article in The Farm-

er kicked up quite a storm in and about

here. The cream hereabouts is gathered





[into a factory nearby and the woman folk





oversee the 'whole business. W'e asked a

lady who sells a considerable amount of

cream what she thought of the article

and she elevated her nose to 45 degrees

and stated, “I know better, our cows dis-

approve of the old scientific regime every

day in the year. W'hen we turned our

cows onto green rye and dropped 50 per

cent on grain, the per cent of butter-fat

fell off nearly one-half. Again, when we

removed the cows from creek flats to good

June grass pasture the same thing hap-

pened. Again, when we cut wheat

straw from our ration and add good clo-

ver hay the same things happens. Men

may write and science recite, while old

bossy holds the fort.”

Kent Co.

PLENTY OF ROOM FOR IMPROVE-

MENT.





T. L.





 





 





 





There has been great improvement

within the last few years in the direction

of obtaining more wholesome and sanitary

milk, but much remains to be donefor the

protection of the health of consumers. It

is important that there should be not

only legislation and competent official

supervision, but a better understanding

by the producers and the public of the

dangers from contaminated dairy pro—

ducts and how these dangers can be

avoided and overcome.



Inspection by officials of the Depart-

ment of Agriculture has revealed many

unfavorable conditions both at the farm

and at the city depot. Unsanitary

houses, milk houses and barns were com-

mon. The attendants upon the cattle

were careless of their personal habits and

frequently were suffering from disease,

sometimes of a contagious character.

Cattle were frequently found covered

aboutt their flanks, legs, udder, and tall

with manure and other dirt, which read-

ily dropped into the pails while milking

was done. Cattle were many times found

suffering from constitutional diseases as

well as local affections of the udder. Flies

swarmed about the premises. Frequently

on the surface of the milk in the pails

floated dead and dying flies. With the

knowledge now available of the habits of

the fly, this condition alone is a most

dangerous source of milk infection. In





 





only in cases where the dairyman presists

in wilfully disregarding sanitation when

he knows better. Little improvement will

come through regulations requiring clean

cows, clean milkers and clean methods of

milking and handling the milk unless the

dairyman understands the object of such

regulations and the effect they will have

on his work.





MILK DELIVERED IN BOTTLES.





 





Although the number of private dairymen

who make their deliveries to customers

in cans are growing fewer each year

through competition and demand for su-

perior milk, it is still to be lamented that

so many intelligent farmers continue the

practice. The exposure milk is subject to

when in a can that is opened dozens of

times on dusty streets precludes all pos-

sibility of its being reasonably pure. The

milk bottle or glass jar in which the milk

of a customer is placed and sealed at the

dairy-house is far more cleanly. Odors

and contamination of the city air, of dust

and dirt, of drip from the moistened reins

and hands of the delivery man are ex-

cluded. A full sealed bottle will not allow

churning of the milk like its conveyance

in a large can that is handled as much as

it is necessary to a can from which sup-

plies are being constantly taken. This

churning, too, makes It more diflicult to

retain a low temperature, while the glass

of itself is more capable of remaining

cool than tin. The customer secs the

amount of cream on his bottle at a

glance, which, if you are doing a square

thing by furnishing a high grade product,

is good advertising. Finally, the “metal-

lic" flavor that cans impart to the milk

is not present. Consumers are fast being

educated to the virtue of pure milk and

though their nature impels them to en-

deavor to secure the product as cheaply

as it can be had, yet they concede to pay-

ing high prices (which are necessary

where more work is put upon the produc-

tion of the article), much quicker than

they do to drinking sour or impure milk

with a disitnctly “COWy odor.” For the

sake of humanity we would write that

the thousands of our towns and cities

may enjoy the merits of better milk, but

the hundreds of proofs that could be had

of where men have favored their own in-

come by greater care impels us to urge

the universal use of the bottle for deliv-

ering milk.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





   

 





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TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION:





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order. mustered letter, or by express. We will not

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DETROIT. MAY 28. 1910.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





TO THE OLD SOLDIERS.





 





May 30, 1910,



That gentle spirit whose earnest words

gathered about him the fishermen of Gal-

lilcc, we hail as the Prince of Peace, yet.

the 'beneficent influence of Christianity

which came from His life and is flowing

over the world, hath many times seemed

to good men, to devout men, to require

the defense of the sword. In the word

“peace” we typify the broadest christian-

ity, yct peace is but slavcry except it

include the means of justice and security

for the rights of individuals, and nations

and when all other means fail, there fol-

lows war, with its swift machinery of

destruction, to which this world of strange

paradoxes seems at times compelled to

make final appeal in behalf of peace.

When, after all other means have been

sincerely, earnestly appealed to in vain,

the defense of a righteous cause compels

an appeal to the final arbitrament of war;

that war becomes a righteous war and

all its heroism remains a most precious

memory to be cherished in gratitude and

sacrcdly preserved as an inspiration to

the noblest human endcavor,



And therefore on this Memorial Day the

nation pauses to honor its heroes. This

day we give our thoughts and seek again

to realize our indebtedness to the heroic

virtues that have sustained the nation in

its hours of trial and peril.



We look back with exultation and grat-

itude to hero forefathers who gave us

independence and jealously nurtured and

guarded the infant republic to the sta—

bility of its honored "place among the

nations.



We look back within the memory of the

older of the generations still living and

rejoice that hero fathers and brothers

saved the nation from disruption and

cleansed it of the blot of slay-'cry~with

gratitude unmeasured, limitless, but an

cxultatzon even yet tinged with the sad-

ness of the countless sorrows of war.

\Ve look back but a few years to that

short, decisive conflict in behalf of hu~

manity, in which America, as the swift

nemesis of fate, drove the Spaniard back

to Spain as the only way of stamping out

the cruel war torch of brutality and spoil-

ation which had been kept aglow in the

new world for four hundred years by that

old world nation that buried Columbus in

his chains.



This day we would recall very briefly

but a single thought—a picture of Faith

sketched broadly and simply, not alone a

faith in the future of individuals, but that

comprehensive. intelligent faith in the fu—

ture of the nation which is the basis of

the highest patriotism—the “Rock of

Ages” of national progress.



After successful revolution in mainte-

nance of the Declaration of Independence.

our fathers in the same exalted spirit de-

vised and inaugurated a system of self—

government, purposing the largest free-

dom to the natural energies of a people,

a perfect equality before the law and en-

vironment with the means of universal

enlightenment. A national growth with





\





 





agricultural and industrial development,

splendid, incomparable in all previous his-

tory, has resulted. Under our Constitu-

tion—an example of constructive states-

manship which our late cousin; the re-

nowned Gladstone, pronounced “the most

wonderful work ever struck off at a given

time by the brain and purpose of man"—~

the arts and sciences and everything con—

tributing to the material comfort and

well-being of mankind have made won-

derful progress.



There has developed a system of com-

mon schools supplemented with special

schools and higher institutions of learn-

ing for literary, scientific and professional

training, providing us means of education.

with doors opening wide with welcome to

every child in the land.



Practically all questions effecting the

public weal are determined before the

firesides of the nation and thence by rep-

rcsentative action, molded into public

law.



In the main. we have been true to the

purpose and spirit of our origin—true to

ourselves. Once only has division of sent-

iment reached the clash of arms in civil

strife and then the right prevailed glor-

iously, and today witnesses the profound

spectacle of victors and vanquished per-

fectly reunited in eager, devoted service

to one country and one flag.



And yet all this does not imply that the

millenium has arrived or that the reform-

er’s occupation and opportunities are

gone: on the contrary, herculean labors,

many and diverse, await the reformer’s

skill.



Let us endeavor that all people may

be animated with the exalted spirit of the

genuine reformer, intelligent, far-seeing,

broad, disinterested, patriotic. Let all

questions be patiently worked out in the

faith that “nothing is ever finally settled

until it is settled right."



i it it

Are these not pictures of a splendid





faith that has raised up so many homes





who have braved privation and suffering,

and faced death itself that the nation

might live?



All the world witnessed and marveled

when V‘Vashington spurred his horse mid-

way between the lines at Princeton, and

aftcr the volley from the enemy, led his

soldiers in a successful charge.



V‘t'hen Perry stepped from his sinking

flag ship and in an open yawl in the midst

of shot and shell carried his colors to an-

other ship, reformed his lines and won

the day.



Vt'hcn Stedman at Chickamauga leading

the awful charge that saved Thomas’

corps from destruction, grasped the col—

ors of a rcgiment that rccoiled at first

from the shock and called them from a

threatened relrcat by holding the flag

above his hcad, and in a voice that rang

the length of the line shouting, “Go back

boys, if you will, but the colors will not

go with you.”



“'hen the little crew of the Merrimac.

defying many thousands of the enemy in

the face of awful peril sank their ship in

the throat of the harbor of Santiago.



Myriad the numbr of heroic deeds on

land and sea by soldier and sailor at the

battle front; myriad the instances of sac-

rifice at home hardly less heroic, by wife

and mother and daughter.



\Ve love to picture, as in a vision, the

constantly lengthening, silent precession

of the Grand Army of the Republic, that

to us is so silently waiting, “Just over in

the morning land."



At the head of that line we love to place

Washington upon that splendid white

charger that helped him save the day at

Print-Mon, that hurried him to Yorktown

and then in triumph carried the “Father

of his Country" over the flower-strewn

path from Mt. Vernon to the first inaugu-

ration of a President of the United States.



\Ve see Sam Adams, the Father of the

Revolution, and Jefferson, the author of

the Declaration, on one side and on the

other, Franklin the wise counsellor and

Robt. Morris the self-sacrificing financier.



Then follow the long lines: Vl'arrcn,

Putnam, Green, Lincoln, Knox, John Paul

Jones, the “Old Continentals in their

ragged regimentals."



Time does not permit the calling of

many names as the long procession passes

silently by—the soldiers and statesmen,

nor should we forget the heroic women

of the Revolution. who. in some way dur—

ing that long struggle made the little

farms produce food and clothing for the

family at home, and for fathers, brothers,

husbands and sons away fighting for free-

dom. On and on that silent procession

of self—sacrificing men and women. The

war of 1812, with Perry and Jackson. of

1847 with Taylor and Scott, to the great

conflict which gave us Grant, the com-

prehensive, Sherman, the invincible, Sher~





idan, the whirlwind, «and Farragut, the

thunderbolt. ~ . .



God only can call all the names en-

shrined in the American heart, of the

men and women who have helped to

make and preserve the great republic.



One more we must call—the great, Wise

leader, the war president who guided the

nation mid awful peril to peace and the

certain promise of tranquility, and then

yielded up his life while his people were

rejoicing in victory. So long as letters

and books shall exist, the name of Abra-

ham Lincoln will continue a sacred treas-

ure in all honest hearts, the noblest token

of human sympathy—a. very watchword

of humanity.



Said John W'esley, standing by his

father’s grave in Epworth Churchyard,

“God buries His workmen but His work

goes on.”



Let their glorified faith be ours none

the less in time of peace for “peace hath

her victories no less renowned than war.”

For no small portion of the glory of our

progress are we indebted to the arts of

peace, to the system of education, to the

faithful army of teachers, to the school

houses, the libraries, the ministry and

the press, potent influences that have

made us an intelligent people.



This day let us pledge ourselves anew

in loyalty to the forces for good that have

helped us to our present attainment and





let us look upward and onward in faith.





that the progress of the nation is to

reach ever higher ideals in the century to

come.



“With firmness in the right, as God

shall give us to know the right, let us

strive on."



Do this in honor, the most worthy honor

of the heroes of the past.



Do this in honor, the most loving honor

of the heroes dead.-



Do this in honor, the most appreciative

honor of the heroes living.



Do this in honor, the highest honor of

America’s future; for therein continues

the certainty that the nation‘s every need

of hero services shall never lack response.



Oh, that this century might be glorified

by the uplifting of humanity, the broad-

ening of the spirit of fraternity, in a

deeper, stronger, more quickcning sense

of the love and brotherhood of man—of

the fatherhood of God!



Let us labor in the faith that inspired

Tennyson’s call:



“Ring out the." 01d'*riné’; in the new.”





“Ring out the false, ring in the true.”





* 0: *

“Ring out old shapes of foul disease

Ring out the narrowing lust of gold.

Ring out the thousand wars of war,

Ring in the thousand years of peace.”





“Ring in the valiant man and free

Tile larger heart, the kindlier hand,



Ring out the darkness of the land.

Ring in the Christ that is to be.”





 





CURRENT COMMENT.





 





There are a great

Exhibiting at State many advantages to

and Local Fairs. be derived from

making exhibits at

state and local fairs, not alone by the

breeders of choice live stock, but as well

by the growers of fruits. grains, vege-

tables or farm products of any kind. It

is not alone in the premiums which may

be secured that these advantages lie. In

fact, while the premiums won often rep--

resent a considerable source of income and

are almost certain to more than pay the

expense of preparing and making the ex-

hibit, yet the greatest benefit to be de-

rivcd is of an educational nature. The

opportunity afforded to compare the best

products of our farms with those shown

by other exhibitors can not but prove

beneficial to every exhibitor in every dc-

partment of such a show. The opportu-

nity to talk with other exhibitors regard-

ing the good points of their exhibits and

the methods employed in their production

will broaden the exhibitor's knowledge in

no small degree, while the experience

gained will help to make any farmer a

better business man and bctter citizen.

But perhaps the greatest benefit de-

rived from the making of such exhibits

comes from the early determination to

make them. The farmer who resolves at

this season of the year to make an ex-

hibit of some one or more of the products

of his farm at this year's fair, will give

his crops, his live stock, his poultry, or

whatever he may aim to exhibit, better

care during the intervening period when

there is much to do upon the farm than

will the man who has no such object in

view. And this will be reflected in the

better results that will be obtained from

his season's campaign upon the farm, so

that in a great majority of cases the man

who begins at this season of the year to

make plans for exhibiting some of his





   





Mir? 28, flit

proddcts at the fairs this fall will be paid

for all the time and trouble involved be-

fore the fair season arrives. It is ‘not

too early to make definite plans for the

exhibiting of this season's products at

this year's fairs. Our agricultural fairs

are undoubtedly of great benefit to the

agricultural industry, but nothing like

the benefit that they might be made if

more farmers exhibited their products

each year. These fairs belong primarily

to the farmers of the state, who should

take steps to get the greatest possible

amount of benefit from them, and the

greatest possible benefit can be derived

from them only by being identified with

them through well prepared and well

placed exhibits, instead of by an inter-

mittent patronage which is the extent of

the average farmer’s connection with

them.



The recent distri-





The Primary School button of primary





Money. school money by

the auditor general

affords some interesting comparisons





when reviewed in detail. A statement

recently issued by Auditor General Fuller

showed that the total tax levy of 1909, for

state purposes, was $5,929,719.74, while

the primary fund distributed this spring

reached a total of $4,902,551.20. Of this

sum, distributed to the 83 counties com-

prising the state, 50 counties received

more at this apportionment of primary

school money than they paid in state

taxes. These 50 counties were the poorer

counties of northern Michigan and by

this means the children residing in that

section of the state will be guaranteed

better School advantages than would oth-

erwise be possible. Of our northern

Michigan counties, only the five counties

of the upper peninsula which have large

mining industries paid more in state taxes

than they received at this apportionment

of primary school money. As the reader

knows, this primary school money is de-

rivcd from the taxation of railroads, tele-

phone, telegraph and other public service

corporations and the large distribution of

primary school money is made possible

by ,the increased taxation of this-crass of

property under the advalorem tax laws

which provide for its assessment, and tax-

ation in the same manner» ._ "Gm

same rate as all other property





 

 





 





 

 

 





Itisnotal

All for Better in conductirf, ,,

Agriculture. tural paper -

_ every special i933“ y in

the territory covered, the space which its

importance merits at all seasgnféi‘gf the

year. This is especially true‘ in dig-state

like Michigan which has such a wide

diversity of agricultural interests and in

which so many special lines of production

may be successfully followed. However,

by having the matter contained in the

various departments of such a publication

timely and to the point, covering as

nearly as possible the entire range of

agricultural development, the greatest

good can be done to the greatest number.

This has ever been the publisher’s plan

in conducting the Michigan Farmer, yet

we have ever tried to keep pace with

those special industries which have grown

in importance from year to year, by giv-

ing them an increased amount of atten-

tion and space, notwithstanding that this

has made it necessary to publish a larger

paper at greatly increased expense. That

our efforts in this line are appreciated is

proven by the frequent receipt of letters

similar in tone to the following, which

was just received from the pen of at Ma-

son county fruit grower:



. I am much pleased to learn of your

intention to pay more attentionto the

fruit growers of western Michigan. While

those of us who practiced general farm-

ing in connection with fruit growing found

The Farmer to be invaluable, vet it did

not cover the ground satisfactbrilv, anv

more than do the leading" fruit papers,





one in the east and the other in the

southwest.





This is a rapidly growing section and

land values are going up by leaps and

bounds. There are no better opportuni—

ties offered to a beginner in fruit culture.

anywhere in the United States than here

on the east shore of Lake Michigan.

What is needed is the help of just such a

paper as yours. to develop this great boon

to our state, Viz., fruit growing. If I can

be of any service to you in this line of

work please feel free to ask.



. Yours for a richer and a better Mich~

igan. ~



Unquestionably the fruit belt of western

Michigan is peculiarly adapted to the pro-

duction of a wide variety of high grade

fruits to an extent which is not enjoyed

by any other section of similar area in

our country. The fruit product of Mich—

igan is many times greater than that of

the special districts of the west, which,

though very limited in area, have been

boomed to a degree that has impressed

the average mind with their importance.

while the favorable conditions for growing
fair 28.1910. - “





all kinds of fruit right in our own state

have been too largely overlooked. The

fruit lands of these limited areas in the

west sell for exorbitant prices, owing to

the fact that they are limited in extent.

But the wide area in our own state which

is adapted to fruit culture offers so many

opportunities to purchase cheap lands

that the real value of these lands for fruit

producing purposes has not been generally

appreciated, even by the residents of that

district. There is abundant evidence,

however, of a general awakening among

the residents of the Michigan fruit belt,

particularly its northern portion, and in

response to that effort to improve this

industry and this section of our state, the

publishers of the Michigan Farmer have

taken steps to strengthen the depart-

ments of the paper which will be particu-

larly beneficial to the farmers of the fruit

belt and have established a branch office

at Grand Rapids, as noted in previous

issues. to keep more closely in touch with

their interests and needs. Such evidences

of appreciation and offers of co-operation

from farmers of the fruit belt are grati-

fying. We desire the active co-operation

of each and every farmer interested in

this great industry and in building up this

section of Michigan to the limit of its

almost boundless possible prosperity, and

in return will strive to aid them in such

manner as to prove that their confidence

has not been misplaced.





 





DR. BEAL TO LEAVE M. A. C.





 





Dr. W’illiam James Beal, head of the

Botanical Department of the Michigan

Agricultural College, has announced his

intention to resign from his present posi-

tion at M, A. C. about the first of Sep—

tember next. This announcement will be

received with regret, not alone by the





 





William James Beal, Ph. D., S. C.





governing board, faculty, students and

alumni of the college, but by a host of

friends throughout the state, including

very many readers of the Michigan Farm-

er who have profited not a little by his

writings which have from time to time

appeared in our columns. Dr. Beal’s

career as an educator has indeed been a

remarkable one. For more than 40 years

Dr. Beal has been actively connected with

the Michigan Agricultural College. He

has seen the seedlings which he planted

about the grounds grow into sturdy trees.

Much of the experimental work which he

has carried on has been greatly augment-

ed in value owing to the fact that it has

extended over a long series or years. The

results of his work are so well known

that it is unnecessary to recount them

here. Suffice it ‘to say that in ad-

dition to his educational and research

work at the college, he has found time

to associate himself with scientific bodies

in his line of work, becoming recognized

as one of the most eminent botanical au-

thorities in the world, and to write a

number of books as well as many articles

for the public press. Among the most

notable of his works is that on the

“Grasses of North America,” which is not

only the most complete, but the only com-

plete work of its kind in existence. ‘

While still hale and hearty, although in

his seventy-eighth year, and while he

feels it. is time to give up his active work

in the routine of the college class, yet

his plans do not include an idle old age,

since he contemplates the writing of a

history of the Michigan Agricultural Col-

lege at his new home in Amherst, Mass.

The fact that he has been for so long

connected ‘with the institution, makes him

peculiarly well fitted for this undertaking,





Which will be a crowning achievement in

a life which has been devoted almost

wholly to the interests of Michigan agri-

culture. Someone will have to be secured

to carry on his work, [but none can fill

his place, either as an educator or in the

hearts of the people of Michigan, who bid

him God speed in his new undertaking

and wish him many years of health and

strength in which to round out an un-

usually useful life.





HEARING ON THE OLEO BILL.





(Continued from page 564).

tious, and it was expected that much





stress would be put upon this point, but

to have them attempt to prove that oleo—

margarine was more wholesome and just

as nutritious as butter, was not looked

for. Dr, Wylie was put upon the stand

and he stated that oleomargarine as man-

ufactured today was a wholesome and

nutritious product. This the dairymen

do not deny. They do, however, deny

that it; is as nutritious and digestible as

butter. The oleo people, however, went

just a little bit too far with Dr. Wylie

and at last asked if he could tell the dif-

ference between oleomargarine and but—

ter. He said he thought he could and

stated that he liked butter, but that he

did not like oleomargarine. The attorney

undoubtedly regretted that he asked this

last question of the doctor. An attempt

was made to hsow that there was danger

from tuberculosis from butter. If butter

was made from milk that contained the

germ of tuberculosis, this would be in—

corporated with the butter and when peo-

ple consumed the butter, they would be

inoculated with the tubercular bacilla.

There isn’t any doubt but what milk from

which cream is extracted and butter made

is inoculated with the tubercular bacilla

that they are liable to be incorporated.

and probably when people consume the

butter, there would be a very remote

probability of their being affected with

this disease. However, as yet there has

been no case of tuberculosis that has been

traceable to butter. People have con-

sumed butter since time immemorial and

until a case is cited where, in all proba-

bility the inoculation came from this

source, people have not much to fear

from this disease from eating butter, but

it was shown in this case that oleoinar-

garine in its manufacture is churned in

milk or cream, or butter is added to give

it a resemblance to butter. “'hat they

try to do is to get a product that smells

like, looks like and tastes like, butter.

Oleomargarine would be no freer from

these germs than butter itself and their

argument here fell flat again.



The probability is that no bill will be

reported out from this committee during

this term of congress, but probably will

be next December or January. The object

of this hearing was for the committee to

get ideas from all interested parties.





HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.





 





Foreign.





At a cabinet meeting at Copenhagen

held May 23, thegministers authorized

Premier Zahle to hand the king their

collective resignations upon his return

from London whither he has gone to at-

tend the funeral of King Edward. A

failure to obtain general support in the

recent elections is the occasion for the

dissolution of the cabinet.



The circulated reports, that Queen Alex-

andra, wife of Edward VII, of England.

was about to make her future home in

Denmark is denied by her.



The different European powers interest-

ed in the recent action of the parliament

of Crete which voted allegiance to the.

King of Greece and tlicreby ren-ouncd

affiliation with the Sultan of Turkey, have

remonstrated in a note prepared by Eng-

land and France and submitted to Russia

and Italy for their approval—the note

warning the Cretans not to join Greece

but to pay allegiance to the. Sultan of

Turkey and obey his commands. The

protection afforded by the powers will be

withdrawn should the government of the

island persist in its desire to become

politically united with Greece.



National.



The closing arguments in the Ballinger-

Pinchot inquiry will be made on Friday

and Saturday of this week if the schedule

is carried out. Following these argu—

ments 15 days will be given the attorneys

to submit their briefs when the committee

will go into executive session to weigh

the evidence. The inquiry has been in

progresg four months.



It is stated that fully 10,000 persons

were in attendance at the World's Sunday

School Convention at Washington. Prac—

tically every country in the world and

every state of the Union were represented.



Recent reports of the fruit situation in

western Michigan, especially in the

Grand Traverse section, are to the effect

that the first news of damage was greatly

exaggerated. v,



The last Michigan legislature passed a

law exempting old soldiers of the civil

war from taxation upon their homes,

where the valuation does not exceed

$1,200. It did not occur to the law makers

that there were Mexican war veterans

still living, until after the measure was





.w ~ . . I . . .



m MEWGAM FARMER.

made effective, when many inquiries be-

gan coming to the attorney general's

office inquiring about the matter.



Last week a resolution was introduced

into congress authorizing an investigation

into the business methods and practices





of the express companies. The demand

for lower express rates and the uncertain

opposition that is being waged against

the parcels post measures were largely

responsible for the motion.



There appears to be an unusual con-

sumption of strawberries this year_ pro-

ducers being unable to satisfy the public

with the ordinary quantities sent out.



The Michigan railroad commission has

received numerous complaints of exces—

sive charges for. baggage on three-cent

lines. To secure an understanding in the





matter a hearing was given to both the





carriers and the public. It is anticipated

that these roads will be compelled to make

the same regulations and charges as are

in force on the other roads.



The annual meeting of the ladies of

the Maccabees of the Vi’orld will be held

at Cadillac in June.



The average wage for employes of

Michigan for the year is $1.90 per day

aceording to the recent report of the de-

partment of labor.



At Ida, Texas, wind, hail and rain did

much damage to property. li‘ruit trees

31nd cotton were practically ruined by the

mi].



The United States senate passed a bill

this week authorizing the construction of

two new dreadnaught battleships and

other lighters for the navy, estimated to

cost in all about $34,000,000.



Giving the government valuable testi—

mony in the prosecution of the sugar

fraud cases, was a means whereby Oliver

Spitzer, who was serving a sentence in

the federal pentitentiai'y at Atlanta. Ga..

gained his freedom, President Taft grant-

ing him a pardon. Through the evidence

supplied by Spitzer the government he-

lieves it will be ableto successfully pros-

ecute the persons “higher up" who are.

responsible for the wholesale frauds

against the government through a manip-

ulation of the Scales used in weighing

sugar importations.



It is asserted that the prosecutor of

Hudson county, N. .l., will apply for an

order to dissolve the National Packing

(Jo._ otherwise known as the beef trust,

since he has been refused extradition

papers by the executive of his state for

compelling the officers of the company to

appear before the circuit court of that

county.



Seven boilers forming a battery for

generating steam at a tin plate plant at

Canton, Ohio, exploded last \vcck, killing

13 men instantly and injuring 30 others.

The reason for the explosion is unknown.



Two fires in one night last Week de-

stroyed considerable properly in the city

of Kalkuska. A few weeks ago a $50,000

loss was suffered from a similar cause.



The Michigan supreme court recently

dccided that a hotel man could not serve

persons liquor in the rooms of his hotel

under the ruling that a man could serve

it in his own home. Only his own room

can be considered his lioni-.~_



The state railroad commissioner is in-

vestigating the pracaiicvs of unscrupulous

shippers who pay straw rates for cars and

then ship more valuable commodities.

Through this fraud the carriers lose much

during the course of tlze year.





CROP AND MARKET NOTES.





Kent 00., May 20.—~’l‘he late, frosts did

much damage, but did not kill all the

fruit. Apples, cherries, plums, currants.

goosebcrries and strawberries have been

greatly thinned, but not entirely dsctroyd.

Strawberries, as luck would have it. were

not far enough advanced to be frozen.

However, it is yet a little early to cor-

rectly estimate the fruit crop. Consider-

ing the early spring the corn crop is

rather belated. Little. if any, going in

before the 25th. “'ith good growing

weather from now one, hayiig and bar-

vest will be here unusually early. The

acreage in clover is fully 50 per cent

greater than usual. Old meadows oc-

cupy little space, owing to their intimate

relations to the potato crop, the old sod

receiving the full and winter manure is

invariably turned for potatoes. Old po-

tatoes are moving rapidly at a few cents

advance; 206i23c is now paid at home

stations. The pig crop proved equal to

the demand and the phenomenally high

prices at which this little porker sold

early in the season are falling as demand

sluckens.



Steuben Co., lnd., May lit—“'e had a

very nice, warm March and the pig and

lamb crops are unusually good. So fill‘

May has been cold and dry. \Vheat, oats

and grass doing well, but clover has been

injured by the cold. Good horses and

cows are very scarce and bring almost

any price asked. There are more young

colts this spring than ever before. \V'ool

is selling very slowly at around 250; hogs.

9c; eggs, 18c; butter, 18c; corn, 50c; shecp

and cattle all sold.



Jefferson Co., Ohio, May lit—Farmers

nearly done planting corn. Hay not do-

ing well, looks as' if it will be a short

crop. Oats all sowed but not growing

much on account of a few heavy frosts

which we had lately. The frost injured

the orchards. \Vc will have very little

fruit this year. Wheat is looking pretty

fair. Last fall potatoes sold at 600 per

bushel but farmers thought they would

get more for them in the spring so they

kept them over winter and had to sell

them this spring for 300 a bu. Butter 250

per lb; eggs, 18c doz: chickenS, 13c ll):

bacon, 15c. Live stock looking good but

very scarce. Produce of all kinds selling

high except potatoes. W'heat $1 a bushel;

oats, 55€1>60c; corn, 750.



Montgomery Co., Ohio, May 21.—We

have been having lots of wet and cool

weather this month. Corn all planted and

is coming up yellow. Oats looking fine.

Wheat is looking good. The grass has

not been doing yell until lately. It is

now growiog fine. Good prospects for

hay. Too wet to work the ground at





(Continued on page 571).





 





(11). 507

SELF-LOADING lTIM MG“





01! MAN does it all-

‘- NO ONE owning a

lioaaer con lflbl‘d to be



without one. Works ion

ANY WAGoN high or

low. Send for circular

describing this and my

STEEL BEAM LAST

F0 R E V E R H A Y

RACK. Lighter, strong-

er, Cheaper and Longer-

leed than the ordinary





 





hay rack.

Barbed Wire Rosier d:

Unroelor Attaches to





any ordinary farm wagon.

Winds a symmetrical spool

as fast as team can walk.

Roller Harrow. Great-

est Machine 1n the‘

W o r l d f o r destroying

clods and making ideal

seedbed at one operation.





JAS. G, BAILEY, DELAVANJLLINOIS





FREE! WE WILL GIVE FREE





FOR 20 NAMES





A Set oi 50 Cards Illustrating

“The Discoveries of the North Pole”





All Postage Pald.

The only conditions are that the names must be

of a. Michigan farmer not now a. subscriber to

the Michigan Farmer and name of only one of

a household.



Write names plainly with postoffice and if

on a rural route the number of same. Give your

own name and postoflice as sender. Address



THE MICHIGAN FARMER, DETROIT.





FARMS Alli] FARM Linus

ma SALE on EXGHAIIGE





MICHIGAN FARMS—3:33.":‘ii “$3.533:

splendid climate. water. roads and schools. Write

for list No. 3. C. B. BISHOP dz 00., Hastings. Mich.





FOII SALE—High Grade Farm Lands





in Osceola county near Tustin, Michigan. These are

cut over hardwood lands. without pine stumps. The

soil is gravelly or rich clay. Well settled country

with schools and good roads. Write for litera-

ture. H. W. MARSH. Manlstee. Mich.





Farms and Fruit Lands '3,l§°g‘:’§,§§f°$§g.§;

Uuimproved land from 010.00 to $15.00 per acre.

Improved land from $20.00 tovflisflo per acre.

Well located near uood marketl. rite for booklets.

BAMMEL. KANN & 00.. Monistee. Michigan.





when you can buy

the Best Land In

Michlxnn at from

$8 to 810 an acre





near Saginaw and Bay City. Write for map and par-

ticulars. Clear title and easy terms. Btuii‘eld Broa.

(owners) 16 Merrill bidg.. Saginaw. W. 8.. Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





in the fertile Saginaw

Valley of Mich. Pay for

It quick raising sugar

beets. Farmer-sate mak.





ing money here. We’ve a good list. Write today,

Room 1.





UNITED REALTY 00.. c... an... Saginaw. Mich.





LAN” OPENING—233,295 acres of ceded Chip-



puwa Indian Lands In

MINNESOTA will be thrown open for Home-

stead entry at 9:00 o’clock. A. 11]., JUNE 20th,

1910. For lists and further information address

Elinnesota State Board of lmmlaratlon.

Room 2b9. StatLCnpltoI. St. Paul. Mlnn.





“The uyianasifiamniu”





OREGON FRI'IT LANDS in large and small

tracts. N0 blizzards or crop-killing storms in

the late spring. Ten acre apple tracts in the famous

Willamette Valley at $100 to $150 per acre. Climatic.

soil. air and water drainage, unsurpassed. 50 miles

from Portland on the Sautiiern Pacific also on

electric line survey. See Union Pacific for special

June rates to Oregon. Write me today.





0. T. PBALL. 925 Board of Trade Bldg.. Portland. Ore.





Fertile Farms in Tennessee

$5 to $10 per acre—l





Fortunes are being made on fertile Tennes-

see farms. They raise his;, crops of Canta-

loupes. Cabbage, Tomatoes, String Beans,

Green Corn etc., also Horses, Cattle. Sheep. Swine.

Poultry and Eggs. Write me at. once for Free

Literature. 1' ll tell you how to get one of these

splendid farms for $5 to $10 per new. Act. quickly!

H. F. Smith, 'i‘nf. Mgr, NC. a St. L. Ry..Dept.P , Nashville, Tenn.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Fancy Farm For Sale.

Cost $18,000. Price $6,000





Improved by wealthy New Yorker. now dead.

sacrificed for Immediate sale: 60 acres tillage: one

40 acre field is the show field of that section: 10

acres in wood, 50 acres pasture: large orchard: 3;

mile to depot village; two large barns, box stalls.





 





 





20-Cow basement tie-up: poultry house; splendid

neighborhood; high elevation, grand view; 12large

maple and elms on brood lawn. For picture of this

splendid i4-room residence and details of bargains

in Eastern farms from $800 up see “Strout's Big

Farm Catalogue No. 30.” Copy free.



E. A. STROUT. Station 10l. Unlon Bank

Building, Pittsburg. l’enim.





emeioViRGiNIA





Cheap lands, mild climate, short winters.

and good mils. Stock raising. dairying. truck-

ing, poultry raising, fruit growing and general

farming. No droughts, no blizzards. Write for

valuable Handbook and full information to





GEORGE KOIN ER,





3. Commissioner of Agriculture.

RICHMOND, VA.
568 (12)





 





YVVVYYYYVYYYVYTVV‘VVYV





tHORTICULTUREI





 





 





“AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAM





 





AN EXAMPLE OF ‘NEED OF NURSERY

INSPECTION,





 





Tlle secretary of agriculture has cited

to the house committee on agriculture, an

instance where federal inspection of all

plants and nursery stock from foreign

countries would have saved the depart-

ment much trouble and worry.



A lot of seedlings receIVed from Angers,

France, got past the custom house in New

York. The state inspector in New York

notified the department of agriculture in

Washington that there had been nests

of the brown-tailed moth found in some

of the sleek. The department at once

notified the treasury department. The

destinations of all suspected shipments

were traced. About 800 notices were sent

out, covering 35 states. All the shipments

were examined by competent state inspes—

tors. Nests of moths were found in ship

ments sent to fifteen states.



The brown-tailed moth is a companion

of the gipsy moth that has been doing so

much damage in Massachusetts. There

over $2,000,000 has been spent in combat-

ing the post, to say nothing of the damage

that the moth itself has done.



The ofi‘icials of the department of agri-

culture believe that the danger of an out-

break has been avoided, but there is con-

tinual danger that there will be some im-

portation of noxiOus insects into the Uni-

ted States, owing to the absence of a fed-

eral inspection law.



YOUNG TREES ATTACKED BY CUT-

WORMS.





 





I have set out a peach orchard and the

cutworms come out at night and eat the

buds. What would be good for them?

\Vould a ring of salt around the tree, or

would lime sprinkled around the tree,





help?



()ceana Co. G. H. L.



Much damage is sometimes done young

fruit trees by cutwonns. The pests work

during the night. They climb the. trunks

and eat off the buds and tender growths.

This habit sugests an effective remedy

which is generally used where the worms

trouble. A piece of cotton is wrapped

about the trunk of the tree and tied at

the lower edge, whence the upper part is

pulled down over the string, making an

obstruction that the worms cannot get

over. Where the worms are real numer-

ous good results follow the application of

poisoned bait about the plants. Dip newly

cut clever or pigWeed in water poisoned

with arsenate of lead, or Paris green, and

scatter this about the plants; or if these

materials are not to be had, bran poisoned

with the same chemicals and scattered

over the ground will prove effectual.

These poisoned baits are valuable, not

only in combatting the worms in the

young orchard, but also in the garden and

corn field. Where it is anticipated that

plants are to be troubled by the pests, as

one can usually foretell where sod ground

is planted, it is well to put the bait on

before the plants are up for then the

cutworms are hungry and will devour the

bait with more relish and consequently

with greater benefit to the grower. Still

another manner of getting rid of cut-

worms is to go over the orchard or gar-

den in the night with a lantern and

gather the enemies. They are out crawl-

ing about and because of their color can

be readily seen. When hunting for them

in the orchard give each tree a jar to

dislodge any among the branches as they

easily release their hold when disturbed.





 





STARTING RHUBARB.





 





Will you please tell me what to do for

pieplant which does not grow well? When

and how do you transplant? How long

does it take to produce plants from seed?



Calhoun C0. J M. P.



The probable reason for the pieplant 0r

rhubarb not doing well ls~the lack of food

elements in the soil. This plant is a very

vigorous feeder and if a good supply of

the elements of growth are not at hand

for the use of the plant it will suffer. It

is a good practice to cover the plants

each fall with barnyard manure and then

carefully spade it in the soil in the spring.

Watering the plant with barnyard water

that is enriched by liquid from the ma—

nure pile is excellent to apply during the

growing season. Nitrogeneous commer-

cial fertilizers are also excellent to re-

store run-down plants. If located upon

high ground and there has ‘been a. lack of

rain, plants may suffer from insufficient

moisture for when the large leaves are

developing much water is-required. Rhu-





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





barb Is transplanted by using divisions

of the fleshy roots. Unless the soil is

unusually rich, dig a hole two and one-

half or three feet deep, fill the bottom

with well-rotted manure, pack firmly and

cover the top with the earth taken from

the surface. Plant the root division about

four inches deep in this soil and firm well

so that no large air spaces remain. Do

this in spring. No stalks should be out

until the second year. To grow firm seed,

it is necessary to begin in March or April

by planting seed in cold frames; when

danger of frost is by, transplant to open

field, putting the sets about a feet apart

each way. Cultivate thoroughly that sea—

son and the following year they are placed

in the permanent plot with plants from

four to five feet apart each way. If the

soil is not in good fertile condition it

should be given the same preparation as

for the root divisions. Stalks should not

be gathered till the second season after

the last transplanting, since all the leaves

are neded to get the roots well estab-

lished the first season.





RASPBERRY CAN E-BORER.





 





I would like to ask' about the worms

that are in the raspberry bushes. “'hat

can we do for them? .-\ tlorist here says

there is only one way and that is to cut

below the last spot, as they destroy the

heart of the stalk.



Gratiot Co. S. M. S.





The raspberry bushes- of our Gratiot

county subscriber are attacked with cane-

borers. The mature bectlc lays her eggs

near the tip of the cane. and during this

process she girdles the cane just above

the place where the eggs are deposited,

presumably for the end of causing an

abnormal amount of plant food to collect

to feed the young grub when it hatches.

The tip soon wilts after the girdling is

done. The grower should be watchful of

his canes and whenever wilt shows cut off

the affected canes below the girdle and

(lestroy. preferably by burning. This will

prevent the grub from hatching, save

the cane from being channelled by the

grub and if the work on the part of the

gardener is done diligently will ultimately

reduce the posts and the damage done

by them.





ANOTHER METHOD OF PLOWING

ABOUT FRUIT TREES.





 





In a recent issue we published the meth-

od used by Mr. Horn, of plowing his or-

chard. He used a long evener With horses

attached at one end and a stone boat at

the other to balance the plow. We have

just received a card from S, K. Marsh.

of Montcalm county, who employs another

method of doing this rather objectionable

duty. He uses a chain some eight or ten

feet long between the plow and the team.

Two men are required—one to drive and

the other to hold the plow. By reason of

the long hitch it is perfectly easy for the

man holding the plow to guide it about

the trees while the horses are kept far

enough away so the whi'fiietrees and har-

ness do not harm the trunks or limbs.

Granted that the work is done as well,

this manner of doing it would have the

advantage of requiring less energy on the

part of the team, than the way Mr. Horn

uses, although with the latter’s way the

second man is not necessarily required.

Take your choice, or if you do it.diffcr-

cntly let us hear from you. Even with

these precautions it is wise to harness

the horses with the short hamcs and

cover the ends of the exposed whiffictrees

with padding to make them less severe

in case of accidental contact with the

tree trunks.





CULTIVATION OF STRAWBERRIES.





 





To gr0w strawberries to perfection, they

require a good deep loam resting on a

clayed sub—soil, as the roots delight in a

cool moist bottom, and Iwhen this can be

secured for them, no amount of sunshine

will hurt them, but on the contrary they

will be all the better for exposure as re-

gards the quality and flavor of the fruit.

‘When huddled together with a mass of

foliage overlapping, or grown under the

shade of bushes, as is frequently the case,

they never attain that degree of perfec-

tion which they do on a nice sunny bor-

der, or in an open position. Shade is

fatal to flavor, and the other good quali—

ties for which the strawberry is prized,

for without moderate sunlight the crude

juices are not converted into saccharine

matter, without which they are little bet-

ter than so much insipid and fiavorless

matter.



In order to obtain good strong plants

for planting out in August or September

the runners should be taken off the plants





in July and planted into nursery beds,

where they should remain until they are

strong and well rooted, when they can

be transplanted into their permanent

quarters. Many growers depend upon

chance runners, that is, such as root nat-

urally in the ground, but it is rarely these

can be obtained as good as those treated

as directed.



The site for the beds having been de-

cided upon preparations for the plants

must be made by trenching and manuring

the ground. The amount, kind, and qual-

ity of the manure to be used must depend

entirely on the richness or otherwise, of

the soil to be treated, and its adaptability

for the purpose required. If light and

poor, the strongest and coolest manure-s,

such as those from the cow yard, should

be liberally employed. keeping it well

down beneath the surface of the soil. As

to the depth the trenching can be carried.

the subsoil and other circumstances will

have to be taken into account, but when

it can be done, it ought in no case to be

less than 18 inches. It does not neces—

sarily follow that the subsoil should be

brought to the top, as this, in most cases,

would have an injurious effect on the

plants, from their roots coming into im-

mediate contact with the dead inert stuff

that has never been aerated or contains

the least particle of vegetable matter, and

in which, therefore, they would make but

little progress. Should the natural soil

be Sandy or loose a good dressing of clay

worked in, will have a most beneficial

effect by giving compactness and enabling

it to retain the moisture for the plants to

feed on during dry weather. Having

made the necessary preparations by

trenching and manuring the ground the

next thing is to knead it as firm as pos-

sible before putting in the plants, other-

wise they go too mucll to leaf and do not

produce fruit so freely as when the ground

is thoroughly consolidated.





In planting, the rows should be placed

at a distance of two feet apart, and the

plants 18 inches from each other in the,

row, and press the soil firmly around the

ball to insure having it properly filled in,

and that no cavities occur. Afterwards

keep the plants well watered till they get

a strong hold of the ground. As soon as

that takes place runners will begin to

show themselves and these should at once

be taken off so as to concentrate the

whole energies of the plant in developing

fine crowns. This done, there should be

an abundant crop next year, unless the

blossoms are destroyed by frost.



Digging or breaking up the soil amongst

them is most injurious and should never

be resorted to on account of the way it

breaks up the roots, which. in the case

of strawberries, are very near the sur~

face. The only stirring they should have

should be with the hoe, fer the purpose

of cleaning and this should be followed

by a top dressing of half decomposed ma-

nure which will act as a mulch, protect-

ing them from the severity of the

weather.





Canada. W. R. GILBERT.





MAKING THE GARDEN PAY.





 





Little labor is required in growing cab-

bages after the plants are set out. As

early cabbages are always in demand,

there is no diflieulty in disposing of them

at a good price. Some plant early Jersey

Wakefield seed in cold frames in October.

They are transplanted about three inches

apart, and kept under the glass during

the winter. In spring, the stout, hardy

plants can be set out earlier than it

would be possible to set out tender green-

house plants.



The ground has been previously we‘l

fertilized. The soil thus enriched, ena-

bles the young plants to begin growing

immediately. Cabbages set out in this

way are usually immune from worms

Frequently large fields, planted a little

later, have been ruined by worms.



The ground is heavily manured in the

fall, and after a good rain, the field is

plowed and stands until spring; 600 lbs.

of potash is SOer to the acre and worked

into the soil. Then 400 more pounds to

the acre is used and the ground is planted

in rows of two by two feet each way. In

ten days a bit of nitrate of soda is

worked into the plants and the cultivator

is kept going until harvest time.





Another source of income is the tomato.

Select an early strain of Earliana. Trans-

plant them from the cold frames after

danger of being cut down by the frost.

Soak the bed in water, and with a square

shovel cut in blocks, and lift out the

plants in large flats with all the soil. In

this 'way the roots are not disturbed.



Oakland Co. Z. I. DAVIS.





MAY 28, 1910.





OU’D better be



particular What:

you get when you buy

stufl~ to destroy para-

SltCS on yourgrowmg

things.



C. T. Raynolds Paris

.Green is What you want for

the potatoes; pure, unadul-

terated, dark, granular; a

sure thing, and goes farther

than the poor stuff.



Devoe Arsenate of Lead in

paste form,to dissolve in water,

is the best spray for fruit trees.





Does no harm to anything but:

the parasites.





Be sure your dealer gives

you the right stuff. 6





Devoe 8c Reynolds Co.





New York Kansas City





Devoc pure paints mean economy





Chicago





 





 





 





Nitrate of Soda





The Modern High-Grade





Fertilizer





Cheapest, Cleanest

Odorless

Can be used anywhere on any crop

Convenient. for use

Increases your farm value:





$3.00 worth of Nitrate alone on

an acre of Grass has given an in-

creased crop of 1000 lbs. of burn-

cured Hay.





Prime hay has sold for $25 per

ton in New York this season.





Books on the crops which

interest you will be sent free.





Send name and address on Postal Card





DR. W. 8. MYERS

IIIIran Propaganda

7| Nassau Street. New York





 





 





SPRAY FRUITS AND



FIELD CROPS

and do whltowuhlng In mo“ cfiootuol, economical,

npld ny. Botlofoodon panned If you no.

BROWN‘S





"33.." ..°" Auto-Sprays





No.0 1, shown hero. ll fitted with Auto-Pop Noulo—



dooo work of 3 ordinury Ipnyou. Endorsed by Ex-



rlment Station: and 300,000 others. 40 nylon,



lino Ind prlcu In our FREE BOOK— ullo VII “Dbl.



.pnylnx guide. Write pooul now.



' ‘m: E. o. nnowu COMPANY

32-! I, 8:. “action", N. Y.





CIDER PRESSES





THE ORIGINAL MT. GILEAD IIY.

ULIO PRESS produces more cider .

from less apoples than any other and' 18 a '

BIGM NEY MAKER

Sizes 10 to mbarrels dailly. hand

or power. Presses for all pur-

poses. also cider evaporatoro.

apple-butter cookers. vine-

afieneramn, etc. Onto.

ree We are manufac-



turers. not. jobbers.

HYDRAULIC PRESS KPG. 00.,

(Olden and largest. manufacturer! of older



pm [on In the world.)



131 Lincoln Avenue.





EMPIRE STATE





P CIDER & VllllE 3

Hand and Power.



‘ Illustrated and described In our



catalog—Is the best money can buy. They are Bl:





Money Makerns. Catalog free. Manufactured by

'I‘ e G. J.E ENY (30.. Fulton. N. Y.





 

   

 

 

 





"c' ‘ ‘-

I





 

 

 

 

 





 





Mount Gllud. 0H0





 





 





 





Beats Paris Green.





Our Gormlclde destroys bugs and Insects. Makes

trees and plants healthy. Easy to mlx. Costa 250.

barrel. Formula and full dlrectlono {or 01.00.

AMERICAN GERMICIDE COMPA NY.

221 Front Ave.. Rochester. New Yor





 





ILVER KING and EARLY YELLOW DENT





SEED CORN. 2 cents lb. In our; :2 bu. shelled.

cleaned and graded. Corn and P

mlllzer and Corn and Potato Planters. EH.

HUTCHINS, Box 108 Clayton. Lenowoe 00.. Mich.





 





 





 





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"—-





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.523“ ’





«a... , .





mar w- VAN,

MAY 28, 1910. —





 





VYVYY,YVVYVVVVYV¥YVVYVYV





GRANGE :





 





 





' Then, if ever, come perfect days.”





Our Motto—"The Farmer is of more

consequence than the farm, and should be

first improved."





 





THE JUNE PROGRAMS.

State Lecturer’s Suggestions for First

- Meeting.

“And what is so rare as a day in June?





Lowell.

Opening song.

In the home—IV. Practical talks about

disease germs.

Recitation.

One magazine that

why; ten-minute talk.

Reading, “Disease Danger in Dirt.”

General discussion on above topics, led

by the Master.



One book that I enjoy, and why; fifteen-

minute talk.



Instrumental music. '



One poem that many people like, and

brief sketch of the author.





interests me and





THE GRANGE AND BETTER ROADS.



The Grange in Michigan has steadily

favored the extension of the policy of

state aid for highway improvement, and

has watched with interest the various

efforts made at Washington to secure

federal aid, without committing itself to

any particular method or attempting to

work out the details of such legislation.

It recognizes that bad or impassable roads

have contributed their full share in rais-

ing the question now agitating the public

mind—the high cost of food products—and

the Grange therefore stands irrevocably

committed to the general proposition of

road improvement.



In his annual address at Traverse City,

State Master Hull declared that poor

roads are expensive—much more so than

the farmers of Michigan can afford. The

question was recommended to the Grange

as one of the most important and far

reaching that it had to consider, and the

State Grange executive committee has

given it a prominent place among the

few measures which are receiving special

attention from the committee this year.

A; a. result the committee has just sent

out to 'tlle'Grangcs of the state'copies of

a, proposed amendment to the highway

law of Michigan “which has beenhdrafted

b the Director of Public Roads, of the



’. S. DEpartfrrent or Agriculture. 'In ask-

ing that’ each Grange in the state care—

fully study and discuss this proposed law

tire State Master expressly states that it

has not as 'yet received the endorsement

of the Executive Committee;' that it is

submitted for the purpose of bringing out,

in a rather definite form, the views of

Patrons as to what changes in the pres-

ent highway law are desirable. In other

words, the committee wants the consensus

of opinion, as to the working details of

the proposed law, of the members in each

and every Michigan Grange. If one-half

or two—thirds 'of the Granges fail to re—

spond the replies received will mean little.

Therefore, each subordinate master

should at once assume the responsibility

of securing an expression of the views

of his membership and of having it for-

warded to the Executive Committee.



Some Features of the Proposed Act.



The .proposed act provides for the es-

tablishment of a state highway commis-

sion which shall consist of a Professor of

Civil Engineering in the University of

Michigan, to be selected by the Board of

Trustees of said university, a Professor

of Civil Engineering in the Michigan Ag—

ricultural and Mechanical College, to be

selected by the Board of Trustees of said

college, and one civilian, to be appointed

by the governor, who shall hold office

unless removed for cause and who shall

be ’chairman of the commission. Vacan-

ciesin the membership of the commission

shall be filled in the same manner as is

prescribed for the original appointments.

The members of this commission shall

serve without pay, but each member shall

be allowed his actual and necessary trav-

eling and other expenses incurred under

the provisions of the act. This commis-

sion shall appoint a state highway engi-

neer, who shall be a competent civil en-

gineer and experienced and skilled in

highway construction and maintenance,

and who shall receive a salary not to ex-

ceed $4,000 per annum in the discretion of

the commission and shall be allowed his

actual traveling and other expenses in-

curred under the provisions of this not.

He shall hold office until removed for

cause by the commission,



The state highWay engineer shall file a

bond‘l’ip‘f notlleSS than $5,000. conditioned





upon the-faithful performance of his du-inesdav, June 29.





ties, this’”bond to be approved by the





\





- ‘ . w 3.: 3.7. a" 4 K ,1 ~





‘ er! “I 11;. :1: :w‘ q u ,

THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





highway commission, and. then filed with ‘





the Secretary of State. He may appoint

in his discretion such assistant engineers,

clerks and other assistants as may be

necessary to the proper conduct of the

work of the commission by and with its

advice and consent.



The state highway commission and state

highway engineer shall constitute the

state highway department, which shall be

provided with suitable rooms in the state

buildings at the Capital, which office shall

be under the charge of the state highway

engineer and shall be kept open at such

times as the business of the department

and the convenience or interest of the

public shall require. The state highway

commission shall held meetings at such

times and for such periods as they may

deem essential. and consider at their

meetings all questions relating to the

general policy of. the state highway de-

partment, and the conduct of the work in

general.



The Financial Side.



For raising thencecseary funds the act

provides for the levy, in addition to the

levy for general state purposes, of an an-

nual tax of one-fourth mill on every dol-

lar of taxable property in the state, to be

collected as other state taxes are collect-

ed, and paid into the state treasury and

there held as a “State Highway Fund,”

for the exclusive uses and purposes of

this act. Also, all moneys accruing from

the licensing or registration of automo-

biles within the state, over and above the

necessary expenses incident to such li-

censing or registration, shall be paid into

the state treasury and be applied to the

“State Highway Fund.” Any portion of

the “State Highway Fund" uncxpended

at the expiration of any fiscal year, shall

remain available for apportionment and

expenditure during succeeding years.



This state highway fund shall be ap-

portioned among the various counties of

the state in proportion to the ratio that

the taxable property in each such county

bears to the total taxable property of the

state; and not more of this fund than the

amount so apportioned to any such conn-

ty shall be expended therein in any one

year. The total cost of all highway and

bridge construction or improvement shall

be paid by the state treasurer, upon the

warrant of the state highway engineer,

. ut‘of this state highway fund, the coun-

.- y in which the work has been performed

to refund to the state one-half of such

total cost when the taxable valuation of

such county is $10,000,000 or less, and

two—thirds when said taxable valuation is

more than $10,000,000. Provided, that in

the case of any necessary bridge, includ-

ing its piers, abutments, wing walls, and

foundations for same, so constructed on

any such highway, under the provisions

of this act, the cost of which shall not

exceed $1,000, the state shall pay :30 per

centum thereof, and where such cost

shall exceed $1,000, the state shall pay

50 per centum of the first $1.000, thereof,

and 10 per centum of each additional dol—

lar of such cost over and above $1,000;

provided, further, that the state shall in

no instance contribute more than $5,000

to the construction of any such bridge in

any one county in any one year; and

provided, further, that not more than one-

!!tthird of the proportion of the state high-

way fund allottcd to any one county in

any one year shall be used for bridges

during such year.



Another feature is a provision for uti-

lizing convict and prison labor in the

preparation of road materials and in the

manufacture of road tools and implements

required by the state highway department.



Close to 200 Mark.—Harmony Grange,

of \Vaync Co., received a half dozen ap-

plications at its first May meeting. It

will initiate at one of the June meetings

and as it now has 187 members in good

standing a strong effort is being made to

secure a class sufficiently large to bring

the membership up to 200.





 





 





 





 





Pruning and Cultivation as Important

as Spraying.——~At the last meeting of VVil~

son Grangc_ No, 710. held May 14, the

topic. “W'hat other things are as import~

ant as spraying in the growing of fruit?"

It was decided that pruning and cultiva-

tion are fully as important. Wilson is

one of Charlevoix’s good Granges and

meets the second and fourth Saturday

evenings of each month with a good at-

tendance.





COMING EVENTS.



Pomona Meetings.

Benzie Co., with Thompsonville Grange,

Tuesday and Wednesday, May 31 and

June ]





 





Western (Ottawa 00.), with Conklin

Grange, Saturday, June 11.

Lenawee Co., with Hudson Center





Grange. Thursday. June 2.



Osceola Co.. with Sears Grange, Thurs—

dav, June 23.



Kent (70., with Cascade Grange, Wed—

Dr. C. E. Marshall and

Bro. C. S. Bartlett, speakers.





 





YV





E mum owns]





 





L1





 





OFFICERS OF THE STATE ASSOCIA-

TION OF FARMERS' CLUBS.

President—B. A. Holden, VVixom.





Vice-president—Mrs. C, A. Mathews,

St. Johns.



Secretary—Mrs. C. B. Johnson, Meta-

mora.





.

Treasurer——Heury T. Ross, Brighton.

Corresponding Secretary—N. A. Clapp,



Northville.



Directors—T. B. Halladay, Norvell; E.

C, Hallock, Almont; A. R Palmer, Jack-

son; Wm. H. Marks, Fair Haven; C. L.

Wright, Caro; E. W. VVoodruff. Blan-

chard. -



Address all communications relative to

the organization of new clubs to Mrs. C.

P. Johnson, Metamora, Mich.





 





Associational Motto.—



The skillful hand, with cultured mind,

is the farmer's most valuable asset.

Associaticnal Sentiment.—



The farmer, he garners from the soil

the primal wealth of nations.





 





 





THE YOUNG PEOPLE AND THE

CLUB.





 





One of the features which most im-

pressed the thoughtful listener at the

conference of local clubs, which is held





each year during the associational meet-

ing, is the fact that so many delegates

in speaking of their club work say that

they find difficulty in interesting the

young people. This is not at all as it

should be. Thcrcjs no good reason why

the Farmers" Club should not be made a

social center in every community where

one exists. If it is made such, there will

be little difficulty in interesting the young

people and keeping them interested in the

club work, or at least the secial features

of it.



There are many ways in which this can

be done. The special feature work of the

club can be made to servo this end. Plan

on some phase of the program in which

the young people will be interested. Get

them to arrange for athletic sports at the

midsummer picnic. Have some feature

of the club fair in which they may be par-

ticularly interested. Interest them in the

giving of an evening entertainment dur-

ing the winter season for the benefit of

the club treasury. Arrange to have them

serve the meal at some special feature

meeting where a more elaborate spread is

scrved than at the ordinary club meeting.

Get them to stage. entertainment features

for the club meetings where these are

held in halls which make such entertain-

ment possible. Arrange to bring the

young people of different communities to-

gether for some one of these purposes

when a union meeting affords the occa-





sion. Anything which will bring the

young people togcthcr for wholesome in-

tercourse and association will not only

interest tht-m in tho Furmors' Club. but





will tend to gradually interest them in its

routine work as well, so that its member-

ship will be replenished from their mun-

bcrs and its permanence be thus insured

as an institution in the community. This

will likewise be good for the young people

who naturally crave the society of others

of their own age and are bound to have

it, if not in the Farmers’ Club, thcn else-

whcre. “'hy not bring them together un-

der the wholesome influences of the club,

to the benefit and advantage of both, in-

stead of leaving them at homo and at

work while the older members of the

household attend the meeting?





 





ALFALFA VS. RED CLOVER.

Synopsis of paper read before the Col-

umbia Farmers’ Club by \Vultcr Bedding.

“\thn I hold an auction in Illinois just

before coming to Michigan the neighbors

there paid $8 per ion for my red clover

and $11 per ton for alfalfa. I had cut

two crops of red clover and three of ul—

falfa. Red clover is too dusty to food to

horses. but not so with alfalfa, and I

have seen horses leave their oats to out

it. A man that workcd my team on the

highway got so he would take no other

bay to feed the team. I have set-n a dif—

fcrence of 100 lbs. of milk a day in 20

cows fed alfalfa hay twice a day instead

of timothy. I had five acres of alfalfa





 





 





that, we cut for five years. Then the

ice smothered it, and I raised two good

crops of corn. Since then they have





raised 40 bushels of barley to the acre

and got a fine catch of alfalfa again, and

this piece never received any manure.

But the land must be rich in the first

place in order to get a catch.



“The first year it was a failure with

me here. Last year I got about half a stand





(13) 569 "1‘“





by using nitro-culture. This springzk,

sowed more seed and also tried anothe ,

piece. f



“In the U. S. Bulletin 339 the followin,’

estimate is put on the feeding value 03..

good alfalfa hay as compared with the.

other feeds named: '



“Alfalfa hay per ton, $20.16; clover hay,

per ton, $14.12; timothy hay, per ton,

$9.80; wheat bran, per ton, $22.80; shelled

corn, per ton, $20.16. ;



“Please consider what this estimate

means. Every farmer is willing to per-

severe year aftcr year growing corn. If.

he fails on one crop or three crops in.

succession it makes no difference. At

it he goes again next spring. And yet, a.

ton and a half of shelled co-rn per acre is

more than the great majority of farmers

will get. And that, too, means a lot of,

work before the crop is shelled. It is a“

rather poor crop of alfalfa that will not

yield three tons per acre, really three

times as much feeding and market value

as corn will give. And yet, in View of all

these striking considerations staring the

farmer in the face, but few will really set

themselves to work in a determined way

to master the trick of growing alfalfa."





'.





 





CLUB DISCUSSIONS.





Women’s Day.—The May meeting of the

Ray Farmers’ Club was held with Mr.

and Mrs. R. W. Coykendall, on Thursday,

May 12. A fine dinner was servcd by the

farmers’ wives, for which plates were laid

for 60. After dinner was servod the meet—

ing was called to order by the president

and the program carried out. “What are

some of the greatest needs of i'urmers'

wives?" Wcrc told in response to roll call.

The graphophono furnished some very

nice music. Mrs. C S. Priest then read

a paper on “li‘hiwersfl‘ after which the

topic, "Influence of flowers in the home,"

furnishcd inalcriul for a livcly discussion.

Eight new mcmbors were enrolled. The

club then adjourned to meet again next

month and observe, Children's Day, with

Mr. and Mrs. J. A. Priest—Hazel M.

Grccn, Cor. Soc.



Discuss the Dairy.—The Laketon Farm—

ers' Club held a pleasant meeting on

Thursday evening. May 1:, at the home

of Mr. and Mrs. John Fcnuer. A program

of rccxlations and music was given, which

was followed by a discussion on the sub-

ject, "The cure of the dairy cow," led by

Mr. Black. The next meeting will be ‘heltl

at the home of Mr. and Mrs. John Baars

on May 20.—Mrs. Mattie Gilbert, Cor.’

Sec.



Discuss the Garden and Poultry Yard.—

The May meeting of the Washington

Center Farmcrs’ Club was at \\'iliowdalc,

the home of Mr. and Mrs. lt‘rank Brattin.

This was the first half—day meeting of

this year, and was called 10 order by the

vice—presidcnt, Mrs. Frank Brattin, Music,

miscellaneous business and reading of the

minutes followed. “The Farm Garden"

was a timely topic. Gardenng is both

pleasant and profitable. ’l‘ry new vari—g

ctics of vegetables and don't neglect the

old ones. Test your seeds, and avoid fail—

ure. A hand cultivator makes gardening"

a pleasure. chp the garden free of

weeds. Happy is the man who grows

vegetables, where life is worth liviing,

“Out on a farm.” “Profit in the poultry

yard“ was next taken up. Every well

conducted farm has its poultry yard.

There is good money in chickens and

eggs. Keep good stock and don‘t neglect

them in warm weathcr. liceitations, '

readings and music liuishod the program.

Roll call was responded to by “Eminent

Men of Michigan." Next meeting at

East View. Juno fl.



Alfalfa vs. Red Clover.—’l‘he May mcet- I

log of tho (‘olumbiu ll‘aruu-rs' (‘lub was

held with Mr. and Mrs. Sumner Ladd

with a good uttcluluin-o, considering lhut

it was just corn planting timc. ltoll call

was responded to with numcs of our

favorite heroes, ouch om- having a favor—

ite. Miss Agatha Cash favored the club

with a piano solo and kindly responded to

an encore. The subject for discussion.

“Alfalfa vs. Clover," Mr. Reading taking

the side of alfalfa wits a comprehensive

paper, a synopsis of which appears on

this page. The side of clover was

tukcn by Mr. Dunn, who is very much in

favor of red clovcr as u standby for kecp-

ing up the fertility of the soil. There

was quite a livcly discussion of tho mer-

its of each. Angelo l’uhner was present

and guvc a brief roport of thc moi-ling

of the State Association of l"armcrs’ Clubs

held at Lansing, he bcing a delegate from

Columbia club. This concludcd the pro—

gram for tho (lay and adjournment was

taken to purlako of a bountiful supper,

and a short social hour. The next meet—

ing will be. hold with Mlssvs Agnes and

Jennie Nccly, assisted by Mrs, Mattie

Blowers.



Success in Poultry Rasiing.—At the May

meeting Of the lllg‘llzllll County annurs'

Club with Mr. and Mrs. \V. A. Diamond,

Mrs. Shafcr gave a paper, “Success in

Poultry Raising." treating it in

common sense way. She had about one—

lialf an acre of ground set out

trees to give shade. and fcuccd with poul-

try wire fem-v. Shc kcpt old hens, some





 





l





l





1





it

6:





l





I





. l





a plain, -'





to fruit 1,:





us old as Iivo years. for mothers, as they ,,





become broody earlier in the

lake tho place of the incubator. She told



how to prepare the nests, use plenty of‘-

insect powdcr, and remove them from the

poultry house, and invariably had good



hatches. Mrs. l-lorton led in the discus- '

sion, telling how one could engage in the

poultry business without any capital, and

was followed by Mrs. Haskell, Messrs.

Cheney, Jenkins, Bullcn, President Ives.

and others. Mrs, Diamond‘s modesty





prevented her from saying anything, but , .





a glance-at her clean houses and healthy '

fowls said.more than words could say.

That she is interested in poultry goes





season and "





o





I





- l





‘,i





':l





u

5





without saying, for she did not forget to .7





feed the little peeps. even on so momen- '

tous an occasion as club day.





highways. urging the present congress to

pass an appropriation of $500,000 for lm-.

proving the roads.





" . . w. H. '3’

laylor read a petition about our public If





I

l





".l





The next meeting"”





will be held at Ridgevale with Mr. and If)





Mrs. J. B. Thorburn, on June 11.
Wag," r‘;::—,a~m’ t»; 4......





570 ‘ (m





"V W





l MARKETS





“WWW

DETROIT WHOLESALE MARKETS.





May 25, 1910.

Grains and Seeds.



Wheat.—The market was in the hands

of the bears this past week. The quota-

tions below show a steady decline. .Crop

conditions did not apear to be the influ-

ential factor it has been other weeks for

the reports of Hessian fly damage are on

the increase; but the spring wheat pros-

pects are improving smce the recent

rains soaked the soil in sections suffering

for lack of moisture. The call from for-

eign countries is weakening and prices

there are declining fully as much as here

so that no greater margin exists than be-

fore the change to a lower bas1s. The

main point to the argument of the bears

is the heavy receipts. From every. quar-

ter they come in quantities that. inspire

buyers with confidnce that quotations Will





 





 





 





 





0 own. A r'ear ago the price for No. 2

itjgddwheat wals $1.55 per bu. Quotations

for the past week are:

No. 2 ‘No. 1

Red. \Vhite. Jug; 1882p;

Th r da ....1.111/2 1111/; 1. . ,4

Fri‘dasy Y......1.11'1/2 1.111/2 1.04 1.02%

Saturday ..... 1.10 1.10 1.021/2 1.011/2

Monday ......1.09 1.09 1.0114 1.001/2

Tuesday ...... 1081/2 1081/; 1.00 991/2

Wednesday ..1.09 1.09 1.001/2 99%

Corn.—To keep company with the





wheat deal, corn values declined. The

market was influenced by warmer days,

but exceSSive rains was a stay to the

Chicago market since it is known that in

important corn districts planting has been

delayed thereby to the probable detri-

ment of the crop; but these rams were

not general in their effect. The local

market is weak. One year ago the price





for No. 3 corn was 761/2c per bu. Quota-

tions for the past week are:

No. 3

No. 3 Yellow.

Thursday ............. 65 69

Friday . . . . . . .............. 64 6.)

Saturday . ................ 63%, 6316;

Monday . . . . . . . . ........... 621/2 31,2

Tuesday .................. 62 6..

Wednesday ............... 611/2 63

Oats.—Values rule lower. The crcp has

been benefited by recent rains. There





was some apprehension for the crop in

many sections owing to lack of moisture,

but the fear was almost, if not altogether.

relieved by the rains. The demand is

not as heavy as it was. One year ago

the price paid for No. 2 oats was 641/20





‘ . notations for the week are:

Del bu Q Standard.

Thursday ......................... 451,4;

Friday ..... . .................... . 491A;

Saturday .......................... 401,4:

Monday .......................... 441/2

Tuesday .......................... 44%

Wednesday ...................... 43%





Beans.—There is no dealing on the lo-

cal market. Nominal quotations are lower

than a week ago. They are:



Cash. Oct.





- Thursday $225 $2.07

Friday .. .................... 2.20 2.05

Saturday 220 2.05

Monday .................... 2.20 2.05

Tuesday ................... 2.20 2.05

Wednesday ................. 2.20 2.0;)





Cloverseed.——‘This trade is quiet, With

the little activity confined to the October

option. The quotation for the past week

for that future was:



Prime Oct.





Thursday ........................ $6.50

Friday ... ........................ 6.50

Saturday ......................... 650

Monday .......................... 6.50

Tuesday .......................... 6.4;!

Wednesday ...................... 6.421/2





Rye.—Market is dull and firm. No. 1

is quoted at 821/2c per bu., which is an

advance of 1/_.e over last week’s quota-

tion.



Visible Supply of Grain.

This week. Last week.





Wheat ...............22,030,000 22,872.00!)

Corn . . ............... 6,541,000 7,780,000

Oats ................. 7,416,000 7.270.050

RVO .................. 573,000 559.000

Barlev ............... 2,152,001) 2,035,000





Flour, Feed, Provisions. Etc.

Flour.—Market is improving under the

range of prices established a week ago.

Quotations as follows:





Clear ................................. $5.15

Straight ........................ .. 5.29

Patent Michigan .................... 5.5.)

Ordinary Patent ..................... 5.35





 





Hay and Straw. Both kinds of hay and

rye straw are lower. Quotations: No. 1

timothy, new, $1761‘17.50; No. 2 timothy,

$15.5(l6r16: clover, mixed, 5515506016; rye

straw, $7607.50: wheat and oat straw,

$650617 per ton.



Feed.~»Pi-ices are steady. Carlot prices

on track: Bran, $25 per ton; coarse mid-

dlings, $26; fine middlings, $28; cracked

corn, $27; coarse corn meal, $27; corn and

oat chop, $24 per ton.



Potatoes.~—For the first time in many

moons buyers are stating that the local

market is firm. Prices rule a little better

than a week ago. In car lots, Michigan

potatoes are quoted at 236025c per bu.



Provisions—Family pork, $286029; mess

pork, $26.50; medium clear, $26602650;

pure lard, 141/40; bacon, 2060210; shoul-

ders, 141/2c; smoked hams, 1860181/20; pic-

nic hams. 13c per lb.



Hides—No. 1 cured, 101/3c; No. 2 cured,

91/20.; No. 1 green bulls, 81/2c; No. 1 green

calf, 15c; No. 2 green calf. 14c: No. 1

cured calf, 16c; No. 2 cured calf, 150;

No. 1 horsehides, $3.50: No. 2 horse‘hides,

$2.50; sheepskins, as to wool, 5OC@$1.50.





Dairy and Poultry Products.





Butter.—A very firm tone crept into the

butter deal the past week and encour—

aged an advance of 1c fer creamery





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.’





tions are: Extra creamery, 28c-per lb;

firsts, do., 27c; dairy, Zlc; packing stock,

200 per lb. ‘



Eggs.——The active buying continues.

Receipts are liberal but could not prevent

an advance. Last year’s price was a cent

higher for fresh receipts. Fresh eggs;

cases included, are exchanged at 201/40

per dozen. _



POultry.—-Market is steady with a week

ago. Offerings are scarce. Live—Broil-

ers, 25@260; spring chickens, 18c; hens,

1860181/20; old roosters and stags, 12@13c;

ducks, 15@16c; geese, lzc; turkeys, 18

@190 per lb.



Cheese.—Michigan, late made, 15@15%c;

Michigan, fall made, 186018360; York

state, 1960200; limburger, Wisconsin, 17

@18c; New York, 18@19c; bricks, 1660

161/2c; Swiss, domestic block, 210; Swiss

loaf, 28c.



Calves.-—Steady. Choice to fancy, 111,9

120; ordinary, 10@1lc.





Fruits and Vegetables.



Apples.—Steady and in good demand.

Spy, $4604.50; Baldwin, $4605; Steel red,

$650607.



Cabbage.—Selling at $3603.25 per crate

for new. '



Strawberries.~—Trade brisk. Per 24-qt.

crate, $3.50.



Vegetables.—Beets, 60c per bu; brussels

sprouts, 25c per qt; carrots, 75c per bu;

cauliflower, $2.25@2.50 per bu; celery, 45

6050c per doz; eggplant, $1.50601.75 doz;

green onions, 10@120 per doz; head

lettuce, $250603 per hamper; mint, 25c per

doz; parsley, 256030 per doz; radishes,

156025c doz; spinach, 90c hamper; turnips,

50c per bu; watercress, '206025c per doz;

wax beans, $2.50602.75 per bu; pieplant,

25c per doz; asparagus, $1601.25 per doz.





OTHER MARKETS.





Grand Rapids.



The business done on the city market

is steadily increasing as the season ad-

vances. Outdoor lettuce has arrived and

is bringing 850 per bu. Pieplant is worth

7561180c. Old hay is scarce, the few loads

ozfi'cred bringing $156117. Not much

change is noted in the egg market since

last, week, though the tendenCy is down—

ward. The bulk of the eggs delivered

here are bringing 1864c. Dairy butter is

a little firmer, jobbers paying the country

merchants 22c. Creamery is 1c higher,

with quotations at 28c even. The market

on live poultry, delivered, is 1c off, fowls,

ducks and turkeys 140; old roosters 9c.

(irain prices are steady at the following

quotations: \that, $1.06; corn, 66c; rye,

72c; oats 46c; buckwheat, 55c; white pea

beans, $1.85; red kidneys, $2.50602.75.

Dressed hogs were bringing Ill/zc Tues—

day morning, with the market tendency

downward. Fruit prospects are looking

somewhat better and while the frost dam-

age has been great, Michigan will still

have a lot of fruit to sell. Reports from

northern Michigan on fruit crop prospects

are especially encouraging.



Chicago.



“‘hcat, N0. 2 red, $1.09%@1.10; July,



98?“: September, 7914c.





Corn.—No. 2, 591/260600; July, 59%0

September. 5934c per bu.

Oats. No. 3 white, 37@40%c; July,





 





3814c; September, 373,43c.



Butter.—The butter receipts are liberal

but the market is far from congested for

the surplus is being stored and prices are

looking upward. Quotations are: Cream-

crics, 2260271/2c; dairies, 236026c.



Eggs—Market is steady at last week’s

values. Receipts liberal. Demand large.

Prime firsts, 20c; firsts, 19c; at mark,

cases included, 1660180 per doz.



Hay and Straw.—Market lower. Quo-

tations are: Choice timothy, $155060

16.50; No. 1 timothy, 1350601450; No. 2 do

and N0. 1 mixed, $126013; No. 3 do and

No. 2 mixed. $86011; rye straw, $9609.50;

oat straw, $7607.50; wheat straw, $6606.50,



Ir’otatoes.—Prices are better than a week

ago and the market is steady at the ad-

vance. New potatoes are coming in slow.

Fancy and choice stocks are selling at

316133c per bushel, while fair to good

grades are quotable at 286030c per bushel.



Beans.~Prices are improved. Choice

hand—picked are quoted at $2.32 (112.35;

fair to good, 5322777230; red kidneys, $360

3.25 per bushel.



\i‘ool.—The trade this past week has

been steady and firm at the values quoted

a Week ago. For tine unwashed delaine,

236l25c is being paid.





 





New York.





Button—The butter market is higher.

Receipts are large but the arrivals are

met by heavy buying. Creamery specials

are quoted at 29c; process butter, 2.2.6125c

per lb.



liIggs.~—»I\'Iarl<ct is weaker. Demand is

good with receipts large. Nearby eggs

are quoted at 2~i6126e; regular packed ex-

tra iirsls, 2161211/2c pcr doz.



Poultry.——'i‘rade quiet and easy. “'esi-

ern fowls, 156:]9c; frozen chickens, 1660

28c; turkeys, 166118c per lb. V





 





Boston.





VVooL—Thcre is a general improvement

in the trade here. Manufacturers are

after raw material. Values are being

well maintained. Brokers are conceding,

in some instances, to the relentless de-

mands of producers and farmers are more

hopeful of getting their share of the price

finally paid by the consumer. The leading

domestic quotations are: Ohio and Penn—

sylvania fleeces—No. I washed, 3660370:

delaine washed, 3561\36e; XX, 336034c; 1/2-

blood clothing, 3160320: 343-blood clothing,





3160320; 1/,.-blood combing, 29c; delaine

unwashed, 2660270; fine unwashed, 2360





40. Michigan, Wisconsin and New York

fleeces—Fine unwashed, 22.6023c; delaine

unwashed. 236025c; J/2-biood unwashed,

286029c. Kentucky, Indiana and Missouri

—%—blood, 306031c; 1A—blood, 28@290.





 





' Elgin.



Butter.—-Market is firm at 28¢ per lb.,

which is 1e above the quotation of a week

ago. The sales for the week amounted





grades. The price is 3c above the 1909 to 687,400 lbs. com are wit 5 2 f

figures. Dairy goods are steady. Quota- the week previous.p d h 9 ’400 or





THE LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





Buffalo.

May 23, 1910.

(Special report by Dunning & Stevens,

New York Central Stock Yards,

East Buffalo. N. Y.)



Receipts of stock here today as fol-

lows: Cattle, 145 cars; hogs, 10,400;

sheep and lambs, 13,400; calves, 2,300.



Had145 cars of cattle on our market

here today and 21,000 head reported in

Chicago. While all the dry-fed butcher

grades sold steady to strong with last

week, the market was very dull and slow.

The prime heavy—weight cattle, quality

considered, were all of 10c per hundred

weight lower than last week. The quality

of the heavy dry-fed cattle was as good

as anything seen here this year. There

was one extra prime load of yearlings

sold here at $8.60. We wish our patrons

to bear in mind that in buying cattle that

have been to grass, they must buy them

from 500 to $1 per hundred weight lower

than the dry-fed cattle of same grade.



We quote: Best 1,300 to 1,450-lb. steers

$8608.30; good 1,200 to 1,350-lb. shipping

steers, $7.25607.75; best 1.100 to 1,200—lb.

shipping steers, $6.50@7.25; medium

butcher steers, 1,000 to 1.100 lbs., $6606.40;

light butcher steers, $52560575; best fat

cows, $6.50606.75; fair to good cows, $560

550; common to medium do., $350604; best

fat heifers, $7607.50; good fat heifers,

$5.75606.25; fair to good do., $550606; best

feeding steers, $550606; medium to good

do., $4.25604.50; stockers, all grades, $3.75

604; best bulls, $6606.50; bologna bulls, $5

605.75; thin light bulls, $3.75@4.50; best

milkers and springers, $556065; common

to good do., $256045.



Milkers and springers sold a dollar or

two per head lower.



Receipts of hogs on our market today,

65 cars. Market opened strong at Satur-

day’s prices, and closed strong, every-

thing selling. We quote prices as follows:



Mixed. medium and heavy, $9.956010;

light yorkers and pigs, mixed, $101060





10.20; good weight yorkers. $9.956010’;

roughs, $590609; stags, $8609.25. Pros-





pects look fair for the near future.



The lamb market opened active today,

with most of the best lambs selling from

$8.85@S.90; few fancy at 9c. Markets

closed steady, all best handy weight

lambs selling; few coarse and heavy

lambs unsold. Look for little better

prices balance of the week. Sheep were

very dull and 90c per hundred weight

lower than last week. Most of the best

wethcrs selling 3155060575. Don’t look

for much improvement in the sheep trade.



“'0 quote: Handy lambs, $8.85608.90;

heavy lambs, $8@8.25; wcthers, $55060

5.75; ewes, $5605 25; yearlings, $650607;

cull sherp, $2.50603.50; skip lambs, $4.50@

5.25; barks, $3604.50; veals, choice to ex-

tra, $8.50@8.75; fair to good do., $7.506!)

8.25; cull to common, $6607; light thin

calves, $5606.





 





Chicago.

May 23, 1910.

Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.

Received today ...... 22,000 32,000 18,500





Same day last year..19,100 44,285 9,780

Receivrd last week ..45,727 122,680 59,170

Same week last year.46,302 121,785 55,304



A new week opens today with good live

stock supplies, and cattle are mostly un-

changed, with an active general demand

for good lots at firm prices, but grassy

cattle are slow and inclined to go lower.

Hogs were expected to go lower when the

large receipts were posted on the bulletin

boards, but there was such an active de—

mand from all classes of buyers that

prices were 50 higher. One sale was

made at $9.771/2, and numerous lots of

prime hogs brought $9.75. Sales were

made all the way down to $9.40 for com-

mon hogs, with stags at $96010, subject to

80 lbs dockage per head, while boars sold

slowly at $1605. Pigs brought $9.15609.65,

and hogs weighing 185 to 195 lbs. sold as

high as $9.75. Hogs are now being mar~

kcted freely. and last week’s receipts

were the largest in three months. They

averaged in weight 241 lbs., compared

with 237 lbs. a week earlier, 215 lbs. one

and two years ago and 234 lbs. three

years ago. Sheep and lambs were largely

250 lower today, following a break of 70

6085c in sheep and 4061‘750 in lambs last

vcck. \Vethers are going at $5605.75;

ths at $3615.50; yearlings at 3157560675;

lambs at 5845060860 and spring lambs

at $7619.25.



Cattle showed more activity on the

whole last week, with dullness and weak-

ness at times, however, especially on

Monday, when the receipts were dispro-

portionately large, as usual. By the ex-

tremely unequal distribution of the re-

ccipts buyers are given an unfair advan-

tage, which they are not slow to make

the most of. Monday’s decline was re-

gained later in the week, except for thin,

light—weight cattle. which became slow

and still lower, while butcher stock, after

activity and great firmness, became weak,

the nearness of the season for marketing

Texas grass cattle having a disturbing

influence on all except choice cows and

heifers. Beef steers sold chiefly at $760

8.10 during the week, with the commoner

light killers selling at 356560675 and the

choicer heavy shipping beeves at $8608.70.

Good steers sold at $7.60 and upward and

medium lots at $7 and over, and there

was a larger showing of the choicer class

of shipping cattle and a better demand

from shippers. Cows and heifers were

not offered in particularly large numbers

and sold freely, as a rule, at $4.30607.30,

while canners and cutters sold freely at

$2.50@4.25, and bulls at $4606.60. Poor

old shelly cows were the only kind hard

to sell, packers fighting shy of them.

Calves were active and higher, selling at

$3.7560785, and there was a moderate de-

mand from the east for milkers and

springers at $306060 per head. There has

been a falling off in the demand for

stockers and feeders since corn planting

was started, and lower average prices

prevail, stockers selling at $4.25605.85 and

feeders at $585606.60. with comparatively

few trades near the highest quotation. A

great many steers lacking good beef-mak—

ing condition have within the last few

weeks been turned out of feed lots into

pastures for the purpose of running for





MAY 28, 1910.





a few tweeks on grass. Matured cattle

should be marketed without delay, .but

where immature cattle are owned own-

ers should pasture them.



Hogs came to market more freely last

week, with 38.536 head arriving on Mon-

day, and this unusually liberal supply re-

sulted in a big break in prices, but there

were recoveries later in the week under

much smaller “runs.” There has been a.

strong general demand, packers needing

the hogs for their fresh meat trade, and

eastern shippers were fair buyers of the

choicer grades. Hogs have been selling as

much as 75c higher than the “low day,”

April 19, but much lower than “high day,”

March 28, when the average price was

$11.03. The bottom has dropped out of

the stag market, however, and upward of

1.200 head were carried over unsold the

other night, speculators and commission

firms refusing to accept the decline of

around $1 per 100 lbs. from recent stag

prices. Pigs continued to come forward

sparingly and sold fully as high as choice

matured barrows, it being impossible to

fill buying orders for choice pigs. Hogs

were mostly fat and of unusually even

good quality, and the spread in prices was

very narrow, the great bulk of the hogs

selling within a 10c range. All indica-

tions point to a good summer market

for hogs.



Sheep and lambs have undergone plenty

of sensational declines in prices of late,

and the general market has been placed

on a very much lower level than that of

only a few weeks ago, larger marketings

and the almost total disappearance of the

eastern shipping demand enabling local

killers to pretty nearly dictate terms to

sellers. As is the case with cattle and

hogs, Monday is the great day of the

week, and the big supplies of that day are

followed by very much smaller offerings

on other days. Prime fed lambs are

slower about weakening than other grades

of lambs, and buyers discriminate strong-

ly in favor of light lambs, the demand be-

ing best for lots weighing around 75 lbs,

and lambs weighing 80 lbs. and over are

slow of sale, the same being true of year-

lings. Sheep have declined the fastest

and have sold at the lowest prices record-

ed in months. Even spring lambs have

had a big break from their recent best

time, with increasing supplies, although

no large numbers arrived, the season be-

ing much later than a year ago.



Horses are not required in as large

numbers as several weeks ago, when the

spring trade in farm mares, small south—

ern chunks and the cheaper kinds of

horses was lively, and recent sales have

been made of plain and medium grades of

work horses at $1256jil75 per head, or $5

6i‘15 lower than at their best time. Even

the general run of medium and ordinary

drafters have suffered a similar reduction,

but choice horses of all classes are as

high as ever, with no large offerings.

Drafters that grade well are purchased at

$175@275, with an occasional trade at a

fancy figure, and poor to medium kinds

quotable at $11560170. Expressers and

wagon horses are selling mostly at $ 6560

210, and feeders are salable at $170 225,

while drivers sell anywhere from $15060

300. The most serious drawback of the

horse market is the tendency to ship in

too many common and medium horses,

enabling -traders to depress prices ma.-

terially. F.





LIVE STOCK NOTES.





 





The Chicago packers made a reduction

of half a cent per pound a few days ago

in the price of the choicer grades of

dressed beef cuts, while the cheaper

grades were not changed. This reduction

brought No, 1 ribs at wholesale down to

141ch per 1b., and No. 1 loins down to 180

per 1b., as compared with 1715c and 220

in January. The packers state that since

the public has awakened to the fact that

beef plates, chucks and rounds are as

nutritious as beef loins and ribs, even

though their cost is much lower, the de-

mand for the cheaper cuts has doubled.

Consequently, they say, they were com-

pellcd to reduce the cost of ribs and loins

in order to equalize the demand for the

cheaper parts. Unfortunately, the retail

markets are slow to follow up reductions

in prices made by the packers, and hence

the consumption of beef is greatly les-

sened.



Reports from the distiller-ics,_s,liow that

they are well supplied with "cattle that

are feeding on slops, and owners expect to

obtain good prices during the next month

or so.



Illinois country shippers of horses state

that it has been difficult to buy draft

horses from farmers recently, as they

were busy making preparations for corn

planting, or plowing, and refused to stop

work to show or Sell horses.



Lamhing has kept Montana sheepmen

bUSy recently, and with ideal weather it

has not been necessary to give any es-

pecial care to the lambs. Unless the

weather changes materially, it is thought

the per cent of increase this year will be

close to 100.



It is reported that corn with fair feed-

ing properties can be purchased in north-

ern Iowa for 25c per bushel, and it would

seem that farmers could not do better

than to feed it to stock. Prime feeding

cattle are dear, but good stockers can be

had at reasonable prices, and pasturage

everywhere is unusually tine. Corn

acreage this year throughout the country

is reported to be considerably larger than

a year ago, and unless farmers feed lots

of cattle, hogs and sheep, there will be

cheap corn by next fall, provided the crop

turns out well. Good profits have been

made this year by many farmers in fat—

tening cattle, and old-timers are buying

cattle to graze or to feed corn on grass.



William M. Jones, of Indiana, before

the Indiana Cattle Feeders’ Association.

discussed cattle feeding work that has

been conducted on his farm in eo—opera—

tion with the Indiana Experiment Station,

pointing out the desirability of feeding

corn silage to beef cattle. He claimed

that in winter feeding, other things being

equal, the smaller the feed lot the better.

Experiments also show that the addition

of cottonseed meal to the ration increases

the profit of feeding.





 





 





 





£a—u' —~ ...“...1
V.





 





 





 





 





MAY 28, 1910.

THIS :3 THE LAST EDITION.‘





 





In the first edition the Detroit Live

Stock markets are reports of last week;

all other markets are right up to date.





Thursday’s Detroit Live Stock markets





are given in the last edition. The first

edition is mailed Thursday, the last edis

iion Friday morning. The first edition is

mailed to those who care more to get.th,e

paper early than they do for 'lhursdarys

lictroit Live Stook market report. ion

may have any edition deSiredZ Subscrib-

ers may change from one edition to an-

other by dropping us a. card to that effect.

______—————-——-





DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





Thursda ’5 Market.

y May 26, 1910.

Cattle.





Receipts, 765. Market 20@25c lower

than last week on cattle, competingwith

westerns averaging 900 to 1,000; other





ad 8 dull.

grwg quote: Extra dry-fed steers and

heifers, $7607.25; steers and heifers, 1,000

to 1,200. $6@6.25; steers and heifers. 800

to 1,000, $5.50@6; grass steers and heifers

that are fat, 800 to 1,000, $5@5.50; grass

steers and heifers that are fat, 500 ago

700, $4@4.75; choice fat cows, $5@o.. ,

good fat cows, $4.50@4.75; common cows,

$3.50@3.75; canners, $2.50@3; ChOICe heavy

bulls, $5@5.50; fair to good bolognas,

bulls, $4@4.75; stock bulls, $350624;r chOice

feeding steers, 800 to 1.000, $5@5..i0, faér

feeding steers, 800 to 1,000, $45062...

choice stockers, 500 to 700, $450615, fair

stockers, 500 to 700, $4@4.50; stock heif—

ers, $3.50@4; milkers, large, young, medzig

um age, $40@55; common milkers, $

@3256. Com, Co. sold Newton Beef Co._10

butchers av 945 at $5, 1 bull weighing

1.120 at $5; to Schlischer 27 butchers av

750 at $5.50, 4 do av 755 at $4.50; to Mich.

B. Co. 1 steer weighing 1,040 at $6, [8 do

av 997 at. $6.50, 6 do av 870 at $5.15, to

Sullivan P. Co. 10 butchers av 790 at $5.

to Sutton 2 stockers av 565 at $4.50. 1 do

weighing 460 at $4.50, 7 doflav 600r at

$4.50; to Fry 25 butchers av (02 at $5, 2

Steers av 695 at $5.25; to Newton R. Co.

11 do av 1,143 at $7.25; to Mich. B. Co. 10

do av 918 at $6; to Sullivan P. Co. 7 cows

' 1.021 at $4.75.

aVSpicer & R. sold Newton B. Co. 10

steers av 780 at $6, 1 do weighing .050 at

$5.50, 5 do av 844 at $6, 2 oxen av .1‘490

‘ 1 heifer weighing 870 at $1; $9

Breitenbaek Bros. 5 do av 740 at $5, -5

butchers av 738 at $5.50; to Sullivan VP;

CO. 12 do av 553 at $4.50, 4 bulls av 512

at $4, 1 cow weighing 630 at $3.50. 1.do

weighing 1,150 at $5.50, 1 heifer weighing

710 at $6, 1 cow weighing 1.060 at $5.»),

1 do weighing 780 at $3, 3 do av 9.6 at

$4.25.. 2 do av 800 at $3.75, 2nbulls av 1,175

at $ .35.,1 do weighing 1,140 at $5, 1 d0

weig ing 1,150 at $5.35, 2 cows av 960 at

$4.25, 13 butchers av 765 at $5.40; to Regan

6 do av 530 at $4.75; to Bresnahan 2 do av

7W.gt,$ 125, 2 do av 660 at $4.75; to Sulli-

vanpgh yo; 1 bullfweighing 1,250 at $5.55.

1' cow weighing 820 at 33:75, 12 butchers

av 736 at; $5. 1 bull weighing 680 at $4.50.

5 steers av 820 at $6; to Thompson 1 bull

weighing 1,200 at $5.35; to Lachalt 4

butchers av 875 at $5.10. 2

Bishop. B. & H. sold Newton B. Co. 7

steers av 922 at $6, 6 do av 708 at $5.50,

2 heifers av 435 at $3.50: to Marx 3 butch-

ers av 826 at $4.10, 8 do av 750 at $5.10.

1 cow weighing 900 at $2.75; to Sullivan

P. Co. 7 steers av 864 at $6.50. 1 bull

weighing 830 at $4.25; to Hammond, S.

(‘0. 2 cows av 1.050 at $3.75, 3 heifers Fav

780 at $5.75; to Wilson 6 stockers av :28

at $5.25; to Bresnahan 10 heifers av no.)

4. 0.

atH$algv & M. sold Sutton 3 stockers av

530 memo; to Mich. R. Co. 34 butchers

av 733 at $5.25, 28 do av 870 at $620.30

butchers av 798 at $5.75, 1 heifer weighing

500 at $4.25; to Kamman 5 butchers av

730' at $5. 2 do av 750 at $4.50; to Regan

4 do av 520 at $4.60; to Lachalt 2 steers

av 710 at $5.25, 1 cow weighing 1.090 at

$4.75; to Cooke 22 steers av 960 at $6.55.

Sharp sold Mich. B. Co. 9 steers av 776

at $6.10, 4 cows av 1,112 at $4.35.

Lowenstein sold same 26 steers av 960

at $6.25, 18 do av 854 at $6.25, r

Stephens sold same 3 cows av 993 at 8».

Johnson sold Cohen & Co.'5 .butchers

av 1,014 at $5.10, 1 cow weighing 1,000

at $5.40. .

Merritt sold Sullivan P. .00. 4 cows av

1.050 at $4.50, 1 bull weighing 1,450 at $6,

1 cow weighing 1,210 at $5.50, 2 heifers av





875 at $6.





 





Veal Calves.





Rcei ts, 1,127. Market strong at last

weeks grices. Best, $8698.50; others, $4417

7‘ milch cows and springers steady.



'Bishop, B. & H. sold Sullivan P. Go. 1

weighing 120 at $6. 10 av 157 at $8.1

weighing 100 at $6, 6 av 145 at $8., to

Newton B. Co. 10 av 140 at $8: to Paiker.

1V. & Co. 9 av 135 at $8.25. 15 av 130 at

$8.25. 7 av 115 at $7.50: to Brant 3 av 13:

of $8; t0.Hammond, S. & Co. 19 av 1...»

of. $8.25, 40 av 150 at $8.25, 5 av 140 at

88' to Sullivan P. Co. 15 av 130 at $8.25,

to'Ne-wton E. Co. 21 av 135 at $8.25, 5 av

' - 8.20.



”(Spider$ & R. sold Newton B. Co. 17 av

1.30 at $8.15: to Mich. B. Co. 3 av ‘14.» at

$8.25; to Kohn 12 av 160_ at $71.5. to

Markowitz 10 av 125 at $7.75; to Mich. B?

Co 31 av 130 at $7.85; to Goose 31 av 13.:

:It.$7.50; to Breitenback Bros. 12 av 12::

:it $7; to Mich. B. Co. 12 av 130 at $7.85,

to Prag 2 av 135 at $8.25, 7 av 130 at

87.60; to McGuire 15 av 140 at $8.27.), to

Mich. B. Co. 11 av 150 at $8.25; to Viilson

2 av 220 at $6.65, 10 av 123 at $6.65.



Halev & M. sold Parker, W. & Co. 34

51v 135‘at $8.10; to Sullivan P. Co. 24 av

120 at $8; to Hammond, S. & Co. 15 av

8.

ml1;?toat'atfsfom. Co. sold Thompson Bros. 11

av 160 at $8.25; to Mich. B. Co. 56 av. 135

at $8.10: to Kohn 2 av 260 at $4.25. to

Goose 15 av 120 at $7; to Thompson Bros;

1 weighing 140 at $6. 18 av 135 at $8.25,

to Breitenback Bros. 23 av 130 at $8.



Duelle sold Bumstine 22 av 125 at $8.



Jedelesold, same 3 av 155 at $8.50, 1





260 at $7. ‘

W‘Ijggégvgell sold same 11 av 150 at $8.25..





THE MICHIGAN FARMERJ





Bennett & S. sold Sullivan P. Co. 3 av

155 at $8.25.



Grot’f sold Schuman 16 av 130 at $8.25.



Mertz sold Parker, IV. & Co. 33 av 125

at $8.15.



Wickman sold Brant 15 av 125 at $7.80.



Same sold Newton B. Co. 27 av 140

at $8.40.



Stephens sold same 10 av 133 at $8.25.



Johnson sold Thompson Bros. 10 av

134 at $7.75.



Sandell & T. sold Streete 8 av 130 at $5,

20 av 145 at $8.



Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts, 2,518. Market steady on good

lambs. Grass sheep and lambs 50c lower

and hard to sell at the decline.



Best lambs, $8.50; fair to good lambs,

$7627.50; light to common lambs, $5@6;

spring lambs, $8@10; fair to good sheep,

$4.50@4.75; culls and common, $2.50@3.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Sullivan P. Co.

25 lambs av 50 at $6, 15 do av 75 at $6.50,

77 do av 73 at $8.50; to Parker, W. 82 Co.

46 lambs av 65 at $6.50, 15 sheep av 90

at $4.50; to Newton B. Co, 82 lambs av

68 at $8.25; to Mich. B. Co. 124 do av 7.3

at $8.50; to Hammond, S. & Co. 101 lam'bs

av 73 at $8.60, 125 do av 75 at $8.50; to

Lowrie 7 sheep av 150 at $4.50; to Thomp-

son Bros. 36 lambs av 70 at $6.50; to

Sullivan P. Co, 24 sheep av 65 at $4.50;

to Eschrich 11 spring lambs av 45 at $8;

to Newton 13. Co. 25 lambs av 70 at $8:

38 do av 65 at $7.75; to Lewis 36 sheep av

110 at $4.25; to Fitzpatrick Bros. 90 lambs

av 67 at $8; to Lowrie 16 sheep av 120 at

$4.50; to Fitzpatrick Bros. 16 lambs av 70

at $8; to Mich. B. Co. 9 do av 72 at $8,

11 do av 68 at $7.60; to Parker, W. & C0.

132 do av 57 at $7.50. ,



Stephens sold Thompson Bros. 15 sheep

av 85 at $5.



Kendall sold same 29 do av 80 at $5.



Merritt sold Harland 10 spring lambs

av 55 at $10.



Bennett & S. sold Sullivan P. Co. 20

lambs av 70 at $8.25.



Roe Com. Co. sold Mich. B. Co, 24 sheep

av 110 at $4.75, 17 do nv 90 at $4.75, 2'1.

do av 125 at $4.75; to Burlage 16 spring

lambs av 55 at $l0.



Spiccr S: R. sold Lowric 19 sheep av

85 at $4.75.





Hogs.



Receipts, 3,756. Market 1561‘200 lower

than last Thursday,



Range of prices: Light to good butch—

ers, $9.40@9.50; pigs. 8940617950; light

yorkers, $9.406‘i9.50; sings. one-third off.



Sundry shippers sold Hammond, S.

Co. 675 av 185 at $9.50.



Spicer & R. sold Parker, 11'. & Co. 409

av 200 at $9.50.



Roe Com. Co. sold same 138 av 210 at

$9.50.



Haley 8: M. sold same 227 av 195 at



.50.





Sundry shippers sold same 310 av 185

at $9.50.



Bishop, I}, S: H. Sold Swift & C0. 904

av 190 at $9.50.



Same sold Sullivan P. Co. 1,320 av 195

at $9.50.





 





Friday's Market.

‘ May 20, 1910.

Cattle.





Receipts this week, 1.473, against 635

last week; market steady at Thursday's

prices: run very light.



we quote: Best steers and heifers, $7;

steers and heifers, 1,000 to 1,200 lbs, $6.25

@675, steers and heifers, 800 to 1,000 lbs.

$6@6.25; grass steers and heifers that are

fat, 500 to 700 lbs, $4.75fr85.50; choice fat

cows, $5495.50; god fat cows, 8450617475;

common cows, $3.50@4; canners, $2.50@3;

choice heavy bulls, 3552561550; fair to

good bologna bulls, $4.50@5; stock bulls.

$447450; choice feeding steers, 800 to

1.000 lbs, $5.25ai5.75; fair feeding steers,

800 to 1.00 lbs, $450685: choice stockers,

500 to 700 lbs, 84.7567‘525; fair stockers,

500 to 700vlbs, $4.50; stock heifers, 34.2560

4.50; milkers. large. young, medium age,

$40@50; common milkcrs, $25@35.



Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts this week, 2.696, against 2.963

last week; market dull at Thursday's

prices; quality not so good; best lambs,

$8.50; fair to good lambs, $8658.25: light

to common lambs. $5606; spring lambs.

$9@11; fair to good sheep, $5; culls and

common, $3.50@4.50.



Hogs.



Receipts this week, 6.154, against 7,098

last week; market steady at Thursday’s

prices. Range of prices: Light to good

butchers, $9.70; pigs, $9.70; light yorkers,

$9.70; stage one-third off.





CROP AND MARKET NOTES.





(Continued from page 567).





present. Live stock selling high; spring

pigs, $5 each; wheat, $1; corn, 57c; oats,

40c; rye, 70c: clover seed. $4.50; butter,

20c 1b; eggs. 20c loz: potatoes, 25c bu;

hogs, 9c; veal calves, 70; Sheep; 4685c.

Mecosta Co.———In this county there does

not appear to be general damage to fruit

from the continued cold nights. While

some localities have been almost scourged,

others have escaped, with comparatively

slight loss. Apples in the fruit belt seem-

ingly have not: suffered as much as at

first reported. In the peach belt reports

are conflicting. Well founded statements

have it that perhaps not more than half

the buds have been killed off. and the

trees will be better for the freezing. Clover

has been cut in many places. Inquiries

nearer home give assurances that the

loss is not total and far from it. Accord-





ing to locality has fruit suffered or

escaped. Strawberries were cut down in

many places. anli fruits suffered more

or less. Tree fruits—cherries, pears and





apples here were materially injured, and

vet inspection here and there shows buds.

in large quantities, unharmed. Up to the.

last frost, peaches had escaped material

damage. Those most familiar with fruits

declare that while the frosts were heavy,

the prevailing cold winds and lack of sun-

shine gave the swelling buds time to re-

cover from the. blight. In this part of

Michigan the fruit crop up to now has

not suffered to an extent that would class

the crop as absolutely gone.





.however, you had





VETERINARY.





(Continued from page 563).





do not come in heat. B. V. A., Adrian,

Mich.—~Giving drugs to stimulate the gen-

erative organs of a cow into activity is

not by any means always satisfactory;

better try giving 25

grs. powdered canthzirides at a dose to

each cow in feed twice or three times

daily. It is considered good practice to

open the neck of womb, if it is closed,

and by doing so produce some excitement

to the genital tract which induces heat.

A forced service also has much the same

effect.





 





Brood Sow Has a Cough—I have a

registered sow, (with a litter of pigs),





that is trohbled with a bad cough. She

cats well and seems to be in good health.

runs in pasture. is fed plenty of grain and

milk. She is also supplied with wood

ashes, charcoal, salt and sulphur in a

separate box where she can help herself.

R. C. B., Enu (.‘laire, Mich—Give her :i

teaspoonful powdered licorice at a dose

in feed two or three times a day.



Bronchoecele—I have a six-year-old

Jersey cow that has a loose bunch on

each side of the throat which appears to

cause the cow some difficulty in breath-

ing; otherwise she seems to be in good

health and gives a moderate amount of

milk. \1’, S. 11., Inkstcr, MiclLAApply

one part red iodide mercury and eight

parts lard to bunches every two or three

days and give 2 drs. iodide potassium at

a dose in feed or water three times a day

until the enlarged gland reduces.



Actinymieosls—~—(Lump Jaw).—I have a

cow that has a large bunch on the upper

jaw which breaks and discharges CCUHS‘

ionally. Our Vet. looked at her and he

says it is a case of lump jnw. She has

been wrong for the past 12 months and

I would like to know what to do for her.

A, 0., Grant, li'licli.——~A. cow suffering from

suppurative lump jnw is an undesirable

animal for you to keep, especially if she

is allowed to associate with your other

cattle, for this is on infectious ailment;

therefore if she is a cow of little value

she might as Well be destroyed, but if you

think much of her apply tincture iodine

to wound once or twice a day for a few

days, then apply one part tincture iodine

and four parts wntcr. Also give her 2

drs. iodide potassium at a dose in feed or

water twice a day.



Chronic Cough—«lime a valuable seven-

ycur-ohf horse thnt bus :1 dry hacking

cough which came on him some two

weeks ago and i thought perhaps he was

going to have hooves. 'l‘his horse shows

no other symptoms of sickness. l hove

been a reader of the Michigan Former.

since 1873. '1‘. 13., Pontiac, l\licli.#l :llll

inclined to believe that your horse suffers

from iaryngitis. Apply equal parts lur-

pentine, aqua ammonia, spirits of cum-

phor and sweet oil to throat once a day

for a few days, then every other day or

as often as you believe it is required and

give 1,4; dr. powdered opium, 1 dr. pow-

dered lobelin and 1 oz. licorice at a dose

in damp feed three times a day.



Cows do not Come in Heat—117i“ you

please inform me as to what to feed my



C.





cows to bring them in heat? C. C. .

Jasper, Mich—Give your cow 20 grains





powdered catharides and 1%: oz. powdered

capisicuni at a dose in feed twice a day.

Acidity of Stomacn.—I would like to

know what to give my cows to prevent

them eating wood and rotten rubbish. I

fully believe they would eat my barn if I

would let them. Their food consists of

ensilage twice a day and all the good

mixed clover they will eat; they are also

fed barley, rye and oat chop. I am well

pleased with the Michigan Farmer. A.

S., Mindcn City, Mich—Give each cow

1 oz. bicarbonate soda, 17‘; oz. gentian. 1/2

oz_ ginger and 2 025. powdered wood char-

coal at a dose in feed twice a day.

Stocking—My eight—year-old horse

stocks badly when allowed to stand in

the barn, but after a drive the swelling

goes down. I am afraid if this trouble

is not looked after he will have big legs.

R. \\'. D., Honor, lVIich.——B:1ndngc legs in

cotton for two or three hours zifler he is

driven. Give a teaspoonful powdered sul-

phate iron, n dcsscrtspoonful of powdered

nitrate potash and a tablespoonful ground

gentinn at a dose in feed two or three

limes u do

Blocked

cow four

all right





it



'l‘eats—lndigcstion.—l have a

years old that seemed to be

when she calvcd but now her

two back tents are apparently plugged

with the filling close to udder. llavc

been able, to milk her through a straw,

but she is not getting well. i would like

to have you tell me, what to do for her.

I have a colt that has not been thriving,





I imagine he has some worms. G, G.,

Marine City, Mich—Apply iodine oint-





ment to upper parts of teats once a dny

and give 1 dr. iodide pi'itnssium at a dose

three times a day. You should milk her

through a milking tube and as you do not

own one you had better measure the tent

and order one from The Lawrence Pub-

lishing Company. A 31/5 inch tubc costs

35c, delivered; a 3 inch, 30c.



aned lag—I have :1 Holstein heifer

and a good one that was dchoi'ned some

time ago and one of the wounds did not

henl for some time: however. this tron-

ble seemed to get all right and she came

fresh a few days ago. Her bug is verv

hard and inflamed. She has been milkcvl.

but considerable blood has come from the





udder. “’1th milk comes from her has

a bad odor. The udder has softened

some, but she is in bad shape. I have

tried several remedies. but they fail to





have much effect. I have always kept a

large herd of cows. but never bad a case.

of this kind. .I. R, S, (lwosso, Michfa

Your cow’s udder has become infected

through her food supplv or germs may

have gained entrance through the teat.

F'oment udder with hot water two or

three times a day and apply one part fluid

extract pokeroot and two parts vaseline

to inflamed udder once a day for two or

three days. Give her 1 oz, hypo-sulphite

soda at a dose two or three times a day.



Lymphangitis.—I have a horse that had

a bad attack of lymphangitis some time

ago which he seemed to get over, but





(is) 517





when allowed to stand in the barn his-i...





legs stock. He is not in a thrifty condi-

tion for his old coat sheds off very slowly.

I also' have another horse that remains

thin in spite of good care and good feed-

ing. This horse has good life and does

not appear sick. G, IL, l<‘:iii'gro\'c, Mich.

—Your horse should be exercised daily,

the leg bandaged in cotton after a drive

and the bandage left on for two or three

hours. Also give a tablespoonful of the

following compound bowdcr (it a dose in

feed two or three times it day: Powdered

sulphate iron. gentlun, ginger and rosin,

equal parts by weight. Your other horse's

teeth should be looked after, for 1 am

inclined to believe if they are put in

proper condition for him to masticate

food well, he will soon show improvement.

:1 well horse should in-i'ci- be drugged;





therefore, i do not believe that he needs





any medicine.





Stringy Millage-l have two cows that

have been giving stringy milk for the





past ten days. limb of them appeared to

be all right when turned out to grass.



Y. C. K., Grand Rapids, Mich—Cows

that give stringy milk should never be

allowed to drink water from stagnant

l)(:’015 or filthy ponds because such water

contains many small germs that are apt

to cause this ailment. Change the cow's

water supply and give them a tenspoonful

of bisulphide of SOda at a dose in feed

twice daily; also give two tablespoonfuls

of cooking soda in feed once a day. in

swine cases it is necessary to inject the

udder with an antiseptic solution, but to

do this you will require a suitable in-

strumcnt.



t‘ows Give Bloody l\Iilk.—~Our cows are

inclined to give bloody milk: we have fed

them some oil meal, also given them salt

and ashes twice a day. They have also

hnd Ll fcw doses of poke root. They have

been troubled more or less with looscncss

of the bowels. 'l‘his was brought on by

outing frozen grass. Mrs. D, (1., Dublin,

Mia-lth cow that injures her udder is

very apt to give bloody milk from one or

more quarters: therefore 1 suggest that

you make an effort to ascertain the cause

of their trouble. (‘oivs that step over

logs, fences, ovcl‘ d'ior sills and out of

ditches or lie down on any hard, uneven

substance may bruise their bug. Dissolve

L, lb, sugar of loud in a gallon of water

and odd one pint tincture urnica and ap—

ply to udder twice a day.



Young Colt \\'nlks on Fetiocks—W’eak-

ncss.~t)nc of my mares had n colt a few

days ago which serum to be all right. but

wnlks with one fore i'cllock on the ground

:iiul sccins unable to bend the joint back

into place. However, I am able to do so

by hand. E, (1.. New Boston, Mich.——By

applying,r a cheese cloth bandage over a.

piccc of perforated felt to support the

\chk ligaments of joint it will help the

colt to straighten up; however. the most.

important part is to feed the mare well

so that she may give a good milk supply:

this will strengthen the colt. but avoid

the use of liniment, especially those that

irritate.



licucorrhea.—I have a young bull that

has a diseharge from sheath; besides.

there is considerable inflammation and

swelling of the scrotum, mucus seems to

drip from him and I am unable to tell

what caused it. I). T. K., Bellaire, Mich.

—II is possible that your bull has been

mated with a diseased cow, one that may

have suffered from infectious abortion,

Or did not clean properly. Dissolve 3 drs.

sulphate of zinc and 1 oz. sugar of lead

in a gallon of water and apply to sheath

twice a day. Give him two ounces

bicarbonate soda at a dose in feed three

times a day. After using the above lo-

tion for one week dissolve 3 drs. perman—

ganate potash in a gallon of water and

use this solution twice a day for a week

or ten days. then use the first mentioned.



Catarrhal Influenza—l wish you would

tell me what ails my cow, and prescribe

for her. She was taken suddenly sick,

showing a high fever which was soon

followed by a discharge from the nose

and eyes. Her fever has left her, but her

eyes have sort of turned blue and I am

inclined to believe she can see but little

out of them. Are my other cows in any

danger? W. I”. l{., l’oitcrville, Mich——

Your cow suffered from an attack of

cuturrhul influenza. if she still has fever

give her 20 drops of tincture aconilc at

a dose live or six times a day; also give

her a tablespoonful of powdered saltpctcr

at a dose three times n day, Apply borac

acid 10 eyes once a dny and colonic] once

a day. She should be given good care

and fed whatevm kind of food she craves.



BOOK NOTICE.



The process of making ornamental con-

crete, without molds hns long been held.

as a secret. it is now given to the pub—

lic for Ho tlrst lime in n practical ti'on~

Ilse, ciitillt-J, "()i‘nummunl (‘onrrotc with-

out lolds," by A. A. llougliton. This is





the only \vork issued which explains a

simple, practical in lilllti whereby the

coin-role worker is enabled. by employing

wood and Inwlnl tcmplutcs of different

ttt‘SlLill>, to mold or model in concrete any

t'Ol‘lllt't’, urchivoli, column, pedestal. bziso,





cop, urn or pier in a monolithic form-

right upon tln- job. These may be mod-

clcd in units or blot-ks and then built up

to suit the specifications demanded. Full

directions nre given for making the tem-

plntcs, at a very slight cost of time and

labor. In fnct everything that a concrete.

worker needs to know to perfect the manv

styles of ornamental concrete work with"—

out the purchase of expensive molds, is

fully explained and illustrated. including

the proper methods of preparing, hand-

ling and re-inforcing concrete in molding

ornamental work. Complete details are.

given of a simple machine, that anyone.

can easily build, to mold ornamental Icon-

easily than it is possible with the usual

old style molds in use for this work to-

day. Ornamental hitching posts plant

urns, garden chairs and benches. etc” are

among the. articles which this book tells

“how to make. Published by the Norman

W. Henley Publishing Co., New York.

128 pages, 12-mo. In cloth binding. $2.00

if ordered through the Michigan Farmer.





Le.





1‘:
- 572





(16): '





' THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





WOMAN AND et— 1 i

so HER NEEDS





 





of When Did You Write to Your Mother?





Young Men Are Too Remiss in This Important Duty.





~t .





kilmonths.





man will read these words who has

mother in six

others





{QSOMEWHERE in Michigan a young





not written to his

Perhaps there will be





"who have not written home in a year, in





gweek, perhaps every

: sweetheart could ever love you as your

, mother does.





two years, in ten years.



Why? Can you give me, or yourself, a.

legitimate reason for not writing to your

mother every week? If you had a sweet-

heart you would write to her twice a

day. And yet no





No young woman, no mat-

ter how she loves you, could ever feel the

solicitude for your welfare, the anguish

in your sorrow, the joy in your success

that your mother feels. No one, no mat—

ter who she is, could ever wait so aux-

iously for news of you as: does your

mother.



It is a source of wonderuto me how

young men, men of any age, can become

so absolutely indifferent to their own

mother. Girls never do, or at least the

cases are so rare as to excite comment,

while with boys We are actually surprised

when they keep their mother in mind.

The mother love is the same for all her

children; often it seems greater for the

son than for the daughter, yet a young

man will leave home with a light heart,

his Whole soul wrapped up in his own

future, and never give a passing thought

to the lonely mother he has left behind.

The letters, notes I might better say,





iniquity where temptations of every sort

lurked for him. And he was as far be-

yond her reach as though he had gone to

the farthest corner of Australia, for mon-

ey was not hers to command and no

matter how much she might want. to go

to him, there was no way for her to go.



At first letters came once a month. Not

long, nowsy, loving letters such

daughter would write, but at least letters.

Then the intervals lengthened and the

letters shortened, until there came a pe-

riod of 18 months without a line. The

mother was frantic, what mother would

not be? Her son might be dead for all

she knew, for letter after letter from her

to the far west remained unanswered.

Finally came a letter from the farmer’s

wife for whom the boy worked. She was

a mother herself, and taking an interest

in the lad she finally learned of the mother

at home and the length of time which had

elapsed since the boy wrote. Later came

a letter from the son. He had had poor

luck and would not write until he had

good news to tell.



Of all the inane reasons for not writ-

ing home, it always seemed to me that

this caps the climax. One does not need

to write about the bad luck. You can ig-

nore it altogether, and if the folks at

home ask too many leading questions it

is easy to forget to answer them when

you write back. You can always let them

know you are alive, and if they know





as a





 





..‘ W'





 





 





Front View of Miss Chittenden’s Home, with Violet Houses Showing at Left.





which he occasionally sends home, never

contain anything vital about himself,

nothing the mother wants to know; there

is never an anxious thought expressed for

her welfare, or a desire to see her soon,

nothing but perfunctory comments on

health and the weather and the affix,

“Your aff. son.” He is 100 busy even to

write the word affectionate.



It 1‘ It _ n



Twenty years ago a bOy “went west



to 50th his fortune. Even so short a time

ago, "going west" was a great undertak—

ing and the Dakotas, where this boy

went, were on the confines of civilization,

to the mind of the good folks of Michigan.

To the mind of this lad’s mother he had

realm filled with vice and





gone into a





that. their imagination can fill in the

blanks and picture you well and happy.

Every mother is entitled to this much

from her son, to know that he is still on

earth and that he still thinks of her, and

the son who will let his mother go for

months without knowledge of him is an

inmate of the deepest dye.



So, young man who reads this, if you

did not write to your mother yesterday,

write to her today. It will be the best

expenditure of time and postage you can

make. Make it the rule of your life to

write to her at least every month. YOL

ought to write every week, but I realize

it is expecting a great deal of masculinity

to ask that degree of devotion.



DEBORAH.





 





 





 





MICHIGAN COUNTRY WOMEN AS

MONEY MAKERS.





BY ELLA E. ROCKVVOOD.





Growing Violets for Commercial Purposes

Brings One Woman a Fine income.

No. 5.

Growing violets under

unique occupation of one Michigan wo-

man, Miss Ida L. Chittenden, and the

business which started in a very small

way 15 years ago has grown until now

the sales run up into,the thousands of

dollars annually. “'hcn her father bought

a. house and ten acres of land just outside

the city limits of Lansing, a friend sug-

gested to Miss Chittenden that the place

furnished a splendid location for growing

violets to sell. The thought was dropped





glass is the





in fruitful soil and proved to be the be-

ginning out of which has developed a

wonderfully successful business.



lut when the daughter sought to inter-

est her father in the scheme he failed to

see for the proposed venture the favorable

outlook which she entertained. She de—

termined to try it in a small way by her—

self to see what could be done.



Knowing nothing of the care and cul-

tivation required, and possessing no par-

ticular love of flowers she. started in. She

studied and read what literature she could

find on the, subject, then in the autumn

bought 100 plants and set them in Shallow

boxes in an unused room of their home.

Not a single bloom rewarded her efforts

until spring, when violets were not

wanted.



Needless to say this was scarcely the





measure of success which had been hoped

for. Yet, all undismayed, she determined

to try again. This time she'made a trip

to the Agricultural College only a few

miles away and laid her plans before

Prof. Thomas Gunson, in charge of the

greenhouses there. This gentleman, after

.listening to her ambitions, explained that





MAY 28, 1910.





plants which have been brought in from

their out-door beds where they have

been growing and making a strong root

growth since spring. New plants are set

each year,



The construction of the greenhouses at

Maplewood Farm, as the place is called.

although everybody in Lansing speaks of





 





 





A General View of the Violet Houses.





violets were rather hard to grow and

pointed out several difficulties she would

probably lI¢VG to contend with if she took

up the business in a commercial way.

Finding her determination unaltered be

rendered her every assistance possible,

giving her the benefit of his wide expe-

rience as a florist, and helping her to get

started right.



For the first year things looked pretty

dubious at times, especially when out of





1,000 plants pur‘hascd as a beginning,

nearly one—third were lost by disease,





coupled with a poorly prepared spraying

mixture applied to check it.





The first greenhouse, 14x40 feet, was

built that fall, mostly from second—hand

material, at a cost of about $140. The

surviving plants of the thousand pur»





chased the spring before were transplant-

ed into the building and a second season

of waiting commenced. This time the

blossoms did not fail. In September pick-

ing began, and hope began to enlarge, The

plants blossomed, and at the proper time.

Success had arrived although as yet not

on a very extensive scale. A winter of ex—

periencts followed, to use Miss Chittcu-

dcn‘s own words. for all was new, and

numberltss things connected with pick—

ing, packing and shipping had to be

learned, a market having been found for

the product a few hours distant by ex-

press. Although the returns were not

large it was found at the close of the

season that expenses had been made, in-

cluding cost of the greenhouse, and a

trifle over.



After the first year it was not so hard

and the outlook brightened considerably.

icst of all, her father. seeing her deter-

mination and becoming himself interested,

gave his hearty co-operation to her lab-

ors. Almost every year since that tinue

has seen another house erected, until to-

day these number nearly a dozen all filled

to capacity each autumn with blossoming





 





it simply as the Violet Farm, is up-to-

date in every respect. The ‘walks inside

are excavated to a depth of three feet

and the top benches are level with the

ground outside. The center beds are six

feet in width, those at the sides three

feet. Hot water is employed for heating,

and the pipes are laid over the benches.

At night the temperature during the

blooming period is kept not far above the

freezing point, as violets thrive best under

such conditions.



By care and cultivation the plants are

kept healthy, and consequently thrifty.

Spraying is employed to keep diseases,

such as the violet spot, at bay, and other

methods are used for insect pests which

might give trouble. 'The plants are in full

bloom by the last of November and, con-

tinue to blossom until April.



In preparing them for market every

effort is made to present an attractive

appearance, as that goes far in selling

anything. In bunches of 25 or of 50

blooms, each surounded by the glossy

green of the leaves, they are securely

packed for shipment to Chicago and other

centers of distribution. For the retail

trade they are made especially attractive

with the aid of violet-colored boxes, rib-

bon, paper and cord.



“'hen the season closes in ’April the

plants which have blossomed all winter

are thrown out and cuttings are set in the

open ground to grow and make ready to

take their places on the benches a few

months later. In order to utilize the

space in the greenhouses during the spring

and early summer, cucumbers are grown.

These, started in pots, are ready to be

transplanted as soon as the violets are

removed. being trained next the glass.

They are ready for picking in May, and

prove a source of profit until the outdoor

product comes on the market.



Miss Chittenden does not state the exact

sum realized year by year from her busi-





 





Where the Violets are Growing.





 





 





~_‘»-\A ‘





u- «ado-5r . .





. .1» ._ ..





0,"..1431'.’ es
“Mr.





,_f'T§a«Z>=‘-w “'3 ; 'rwa ..





~

\

.

.'





 

 

 

 

 





MAY 28, 1910.





ness, but she does-say that it exceeds by

considerable the amount she could earn

by teaching or office work, even though

she were to receive more than any of her

friends are paid in following these occu—

pations. It is known that the Violet

Farm pays good dividends. It is work,

and hard work at that, with a full share

of responsibility attached to it, yet there

is an immense satisfaction in operating

an undertaking successfully; in the

triumph over discouragements, and seeing

a flourishing trade grow out of so small

and semewhat discouraging a beginning.



Maplewood Violet Farm is one of the

show places of Lansing and sure to prove

a delight to one who pays it a visit





 





‘ SHORT CUTS TO HOUSEKEEPING.





 





Before inserting your new lamp wick

into burner, press it with a hot iron and

it will not catch nor run crooked—T.





‘F. C.





If the dresser drawers in an unused

room smell musty and stick in summer,

place a bowl of quicklime on floor under

the dresser, to absorb the dampness.—«.

T. F, C.



A quick way of mending is to carefully

pin patch in place on the wrong side then

stitch it on the machine. If the holes

are small and do not require having the

edges turned in as in knit underwear, put

it under the machine, with one hand, raise

the presser foot a trifle and with the

other move work back and forth, sewing

all the while, thus darning it down. If

edges need to be turned under, pin them

in place, then stitch around the hole.

Sometimes there is a straight hole cut or

torn in a garment. Pin a piece of paper





. under then darn it down on the machine





as I just described, when the paper can

be torn oft—Mrs. R. H. S.





._

SHALL WE DRINK TEA AND

COFFEE7—No. 16.





 





BY MRS. ALTA L. LITTELL,



In touching the subject of tea, coffee

and cocoa, I am well aware that I am

treading on volcanic ground. The discus-

sion over the harmful effects of the first

two ‘mentioned has been going on for

years, and still we have gone on drinking

our favorite beverages, and are likely to

do so to the end. There is no doubt that





' coffee is injurious to Some, tea to others,





and both to yet many more. It is also

settled beyond a doubt that neither drink

should be given to growing children as

both seriously effect the nervous system.

After hearing many arguments pro and

con, and reading in many books the ef-

fects of each drink I have come to the

conclusion that those writers who suffer

ill effects from either drink condemn that

one and land the other. Observation of

the ways of making both drinks has led

me further to believe that the trouble in

most cases is that the tea and coffee is

improperly made. Before entering into

the right way of making these drinks, I

am going to give extracts from different

authorities and let each reader settle for

herself what she shall do with the drinks.



The composition of tea, coffee and cocoa

is similar. Tea contains the aromatic es-

sence which gives it its flavor; a nerve

stimulant called thcin, and tannin which

is an astringent, or in other words, has

a binding effect. Coffee contains an aro-

matic essence; a nerve stimulant called

caffein, which is similar to thein; fats

and other extractives, and a little tannin.

Cocoa contains a nerve stimulant‘similar

to that of tea and coffee which is called

theobromine but which is less stimulating

than the tea and coffee.



Now as to the physiological effects.



W. M. \Villiams, in “The Chemistry of

Cookery,” declares, “The refreshment

fa‘lt after ‘the cup that cheers' is cer-

tainly not due to nubrition, not to the re-

building of any worn-out or exhausted

organic tissue, but is simply and purely

that of a stimulating drug, acting directly

and abnormally on the nervous system."



In “Domestic Economy.” by F. T. Paul,

we read: “It” (tea) “stimulates the ner—

vous system—refreshing us when we are

fatigued and rousing both mind and body

to increased exertion. The extractives

are neither useful nor harmful except

tannin, and that, unfortunately, is the

latter. Tannin is a powerful astringent

and has a tendency to cause indigestion,

especially as regards meat. Tea is equally

suitable for both hot and cold weather.

Taken in’moderation, it is refreshing: and

wholesome; but when freely indulged in

it‘ causes indigestion and exhaustion of

the nervous system. Coffee contains a

small proportion of fat, which, together

with the extractives, renders it a more

heating beverage than tea. Comparing





‘ the two, we should say that tea is purely





a. beverage; it is devoid of nourishing and





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER. _ an: 573





heating qualities (except the heat of the

water), and possesses an invigorating and

refreshing action on body and mind. It

is especially suited to the after part of

the day when work is well advanced, and

the time for sleep not too near ‘to be

effected, Coffee is richer, more heating

and sustaining, and free from astringency.

It is a suitable beverage for early morn—

ing, for cold weather and especially for

long journeys."



Cutter says: “Tea seems to 'enable

peeple to do work on a smaller diet than

would otherwise be required. It has the

power of putting-away sleep, and it: en-

ables a person to draw on the stored—up

resources of the body for an increased

exertion. The hot infusion is potent

against heat and cold and is useful under

great fatigue in hot countries. The ex—

cessive use of strong tea leads to ner-

vousness, neuralgia and indigestion. Cof-

fee removes the sense of fatigue during

exercise.- It is very serviceable against

cold. It has been found well adapted to

keep up the men in a campaign under'a

tropic sun, in that it affords an invigorat-

ing nervous stimulant and increases the

action of the skin. Coffee does not give

rise to the nervous symptoms which fol-

low the excessive use of tea.”



Fannie Merritt Farmer, in her Boston

Cooking—School Cook Book, says: “It is

certain that less food is required where

much tea is taken. for by its use there

is less wear of the tissues, consequently

less need of repair. \i'hen taken in ex-

cess, it so acts on the nervous system as

to produce sleeplessness or insomnia, and

finally makes a complete wreck of the

victim. Taken in moderation it acts as

a mild stimulant and ingests a consider-

able amount of watcr into the system; it

heats the body in winter and cools it in

summer. Children should never be al-

lowed to drink tea, and it had better be

avoided by the young, while it may be in-

dulged in by the aged as it proves a val-

uable stimulant as the functional activi-

ties of the stomach become weakened.

Coffee is more stimulating than ten—

takcn in moderation it quickcns the ac-

tion of the heart, acts directly upon the

nervous system and assists gastric diges-

tion. Fatigue of body and mind are much

lessened by moderate use of coffee; severe

exposure to cold can better be endured

by the coffee drinker. In times of war,

coffee has proved more valuable than al—

coholic stimulants to keep up the endur-

ing power of soldiers. Coffee must be

taken in moderation; its excessive use

means palpitation of the heart, tremor,

insomnia and nervous prostration.”



In “Practical Cooking and Serving,”

Janet McKenzie Hill has little to say on

the subject. but that little is to the point.

“Tea is for those who have passed the

boundary line of youth; stimulants are

not needed by the young, and are posi-

tively harmful to them. Rightfully pre-

pared aml used, both tea and coffee, on

account of the sense of comfort and the

mildly exhilirnting influence which they

impart, may be considered beneficial to

the race. Improperly made and drank to

excess, they are one of the chief sources

of many of the minor and chronic ills of

mankind."



So the whole question of harm or good

rcsolvcs itself into whether the beverage

is properly made and drank in modera-

tion. If you find either injurious, of

course common sense will tell you to leave

it alone.



Cocoa, while it contains a nerve stim-

ulant similar to that of tea and coffee,

contains, also, a large amount of nutri-

mcnt. It contains a large proportion of

fat. and as it is always made with milk,

it forms a valuable food. Children under

three years of age are better without it,

however. The right way of making these

beverages will be taken up later.





HOME QUERIES EXCHANGE.





Dear Editor:*Plcase publish receipt

for dandelion wine—A. R., Saline.



Marion Harland gives the following rc-

cipe for dandelion wine: Steep dandelion

flowers in boiling water for ten minutes

and strain off the liquid, pressing hard

through a cheese cloth bag. Sweeten to

taste and add brandy in the proportion

of a pint to every four gallons of liquid.

Put into uncorked bottles and keep in a

cool place, covering the mouths of the

bottles with mosquito netting to exclude

insects and dust. When fermentation

ceases, draw off, strain and bottle.-



A letter has come for Mrs. V., Covert.

who asked for advice regarding her baby.

If she will kindly send her address the

letter will be forwarded—Ed.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





From Oven Door

to Farm House Door





That sums up the whole story

when you buy soda crackers by





name—





Uneeda

Biscuit





As soon as . they are baked they are

placed in moisture-prool packages. In

this way they are kept free from dust,

damp and other harmful conditions.

This means that you are always

assured of fresh, clean, crisp, unbroken

soda crackers no matter w/zere you

buy them or when you eat them.

They come in live cent packages.





 





 





(Never sold in bulk)





NATIONAL BISCU FT COM PANY





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Let us save you $15.99 on a Sewing Machine





OUR WINNER, $22.29 w





Guaranteed for Gen Years. !

Shipped to your home 0 o D A 1

any place In the state “ ay pprova





l Full set of steel attachments free. I Freight prepaid any place in the state. I





 

 

 





 





Antonia":

LI/i.

Drop

"and.





 





DESCRIPTION. Runs as casxly. lusts as long and looks as good as any

$48 00 sewmg machine on the markcr, The head is extra large and finished

in lhrcc coats of enamel. handsomely decorated. The case is sohd oak With

a l’lCIl Golden Oak finish. ll is equipped with all the latest labor and time-

savmg devuzcs known to the highest priced Sewing machines.



A WRITTEN GUARANTEE FOR TEN YEARS is furnished with it

and we accept your order with the distinct understanding that if it does not

come up to your highest expectations in every way, after you have used it

for tcn days you can return it to us at our expense and we will refund your

first payment. Mail your order today.





Young (5' Cbaffee Furniture Co.





‘94 - 100 Ottawa Jtreet : GRAND RAPIDS. MICH.





MAP of MICHIGAN an? the WORLD





On one Hanger for only 30 cents or FREE with one year’s subscription

to the Michigan Farmer at 75 cents.





Size of Map 28x20 inches. Delivery charges paid.

MlCfllGAN MAP One of the most complete ever issued.showing in colors all counties,

U railroads, interurban lines, congressional districts, etc. Complete

index, embracing every town in Michigan, with population. ‘

WORLD MAP shows the international date line, greatest length of nightand day in different

latitudes,steamshi routes, difference in time, and many other features of

daily consultation. Get your order n while we are able to fill it.

THE MICHIGAN FARMER, Detroit, Michigan.





YOUR CHOICE FOR ONLY $1.25





"3





Homes Completely Furnished.

Cash or tasy Payments.





 





Write In complete list ol outfits and term.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





We are taking an equal number of our cent razors and $1.50 razors and

$2.00 razors. mixing them up in a. bug and will pick them out unseen, just as

they come and make the price $1.25 for :1 pick. Those who call .th our Omce for





one may do their own picking. Orders received by mail will be picked as the





 





order reaches us.



'You may get one of our $2.00 razors, which sell fm. $3.00 in any store “Bo-

T'he $1.50

razor is one Of Honk‘m's he“ an“ bal‘hers Dily $3.50 for them. The 75 cents razor

is cheap at $1.25 to $1.50 in stores. “'0 import them.





ker’s Red Injun," the best they or anyone else makes or can make





You can have your pick for a while for only $1.25. We send them postage

paid. If you want them registered, send 10 cents additional. The first one may

get one of the highest-priced ones—so may the last.





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER, Detroit, Mich.
574 as).





 





 





 





AAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA





MEMORIAL DAY.





 





BY LALIA MITCHELL.





Memorial Day! ’Tis ours .

To gather flowers,

For hidden grass-grown graves,

Where staunchly waves

The red and white and blue, beneath

whose folds,

In days gone by,

The sleepers fought and bled and victory

won,

Or dared to die.





Memorial Day, we bring

Fair flowers of spring,

A tribute strewn to prove

Our grateful love.

Sweet be their sleep, ‘neath towering

birch and pine

That bending spread

A canopy of fair unfailing green

O'er heroes dead.





BEAT THE DRUMS SOFTLY,





BY IPAIA B. MATTHE‘VS.





Beat the drums softly. no noise or blare

Of trumpets today must we have in the





air.



Though gladly, yet sadly, we march down

the street,



Sound the roll of the drum but softly the

beat.





Beat the drums softly, the hero won’t

hear;



Through the long dreamlcss sleep ’twill

not fall on his car.



Our hearts are a tremble and eyes fill

with tears.



But beat the drums softly, the hero won’t

tear.





Beat the drums softly, the warfare is o‘er,



The soldier will march to the battle no

more.



Sound taps, lights are out, ’tis the sol—

diers‘ last sleep;



While we guard them with love let the

drums softly beat.





Beat the drums softly, this is their day,

\Vith its flags and its flowers, this fair

day of May.

“’0 bring laurcls and garlands for each

lowly sod bed:

Beat the drums softly for our brave sol—

dier dead. ‘





THE UNVEILING.





 





BY EDC- AIR. VVIIITE.





Colonel George St, Clair was mad. He

had been insulted, slapped in the face,

and walked on—figuratively, you under-

stand. The man didn't live who dared

to attempt it actually. Or if he did he

wouldn’t live long afterwards. For the

Colonel wasn’t a lamb. Even his sweet-

faced wife, who had more control over

him than anybody else in the world. some-

times found it difficult to make him real-

ize the war was over. His sore point was

that event. Down in his heart he was

certain if the south had had a little time

to rest up it could have bayoneted the

Yankees out of the country.



The cause of the Colonel's rage this

time was news just received'conccrning

an enterprise of Major Jim Starbuckle‘s.

The Major had lined up among “the 0p-

pressors of the south," and it had cost

him an arm. He was the superintendent

of Mt. Olivet cemetery, where many sol-

diers of both armies awaited the final

reveille.



The Colonel and the Major were warm

personal friends until they would gct to

discussing the war. Then they \vould fall

out over who won the victory at Gettys-

burg. When the Major would remind the

soldier of the sotith that he or his com—

rades had stopped Pickett's charge, the

Colonel would say:



“Stopped nothing! \".'lio lest the most

men. 011' \Yhy didn‘t you follow us if

you licked? I‘m waiting your reply, sir!”



The particular reason for the (‘olonei‘s

ire this morning was the news that Major

Starbucklc had. at his ”own exp: use, con-

tracted for and erected a military monu-

ment in the center of the cemetery, not

far from the place where lay the southern

dead. The design of the monument, the

Colonel was informed, was a l'nion sol—

dier, holding aloft the stars and stripes

in one hand. his other grasping an un

sheathtd sword, the boot planted upon

his prostrate foe. The inscription was,

the informant said. “The l'uion Fm-cvcr!”



“It’s a blamed outrage." said the Col-

one], “and by gad! I won‘t stand for it—

we’ll move our dead! 1 had thought bet-

ter of Major Starbucklc than that, al-

though hc's a relentless Yankee. I don't

object to the monument if he'd put it

over lwhere his people arc, but to plant it

by our boys is an insult! They prate

about the war being over. and folding up

the bloody shirt and all that hypocritical

gush, but whenever it comes to a show-

down they’re as poisonous as ever!”



He was talking to some battered vet-





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





erans of the gray, and while they were

not as demonstrative; they thought a good





> 1

i 1

>HOME AND Y O” I H. _deal like he did about the matter. Some-

i . t one suggested that a counter-irritant be





put up, a southern soldier triumphing

over a Yankee, but the Colonel said he

had in mind a better scheme than that.

\Vhen the crowd assembled at the unveil-

ing he wvould fo'rce his way on the plat-

form and let loose “the old Rebel yell

that uscd to- frighten the Yankees out of

their boots,” he said, “and if any gentle-

man prescnt has objections to offer I’ll

show him my guns, sir!”



When Major Starbuckle and Colonel St.

Clair would meet on the streets of Has-

brook, the Colonel would straighten up,

how stifliy and pass on. Major Star-

buckle never sought an explanation. If

the (‘olonel had any grievance it was his

duty to make it known. Major Star-

buckle was not the kind of a man to apol-

ogize unless certain he was in the wrong.



As the day appointed for the un-

veiling drew near there was a great deal

of discussion as to how these who had

sympathized or fought for the Lost Cause

would take it. It was felt certain that

Colonel St. Clair. at least. would make a

scene, and he would be backed by a

strong company of old “rebels," for they

were more numerous in Hasbrook than

the Union soldiers.



The program as prepared by Major

Staibuckle was simple. Thus it was:



March to the cemetery.



Band music.



Song by ladies’ choir.



Unveiling.



Speaking.



“I suppose he's imported some Massa-

chusetts bluebclly to oratc.’ said the Col-

onel, "but we'll say our little piece before

he gets much headway.”



By order of the mayor, all business in

IIasbrook was suspended on the day of

the unveiling. If his honor anticipated

any trouble at the cemetery he was

strangely remiss in providing for it. Not

a. policeman was in sight as the great

crowd formed around the circular grass

plot, in the center of which stood the

veiled monument. To the north. in line,

were the men of the G. A. 1., their col—

ors at half mast. Edged in at the front

of the crowd was Colonel George St. Clair.

his white hair, mustaches and imperial,

and tall, errct form making him a con-

spicuous figure. Around his waist stwung

a couple of Colt's revolvers and a belt of

cartridgts, These, however, were hidden

by his long, dark outer coat. The Colonel

wore a regulation cavalry hat, soft gray,

with the initials, C. S. A., in the front.



The war was still on.



Major Starbuckle was a smaller and

less imposing man. He used a cane and



'alkcd with a slight limp. Generally he.

was mild and courteous, but there were

times when the dark eyes flashed and the

storm clouds gathered; few men cared to

provoke him. He was one of the small

handful of intrepid fighters who had

charged into Fort \Vagncr that terrible

evening of July 18, 1863, leaving behind

two thousand men, dead on the field of

honor.



It isn't safe to try to intimidate that

sort of a man.



The Major sat back on the platform, a.

small shriveled figure beside some local

celebrities of generous physique. There

were the congressman of the district, the

mayor of llasbrook, several numbers of

tln- board of aldcrmen, quite a number

of ladics. pretty in their white dresses.

and some stranger who might have been

the "blue—belliul Yankee" who was to

orate. lie was a gaunt. grizzled “brother,"

with an uucolmnonly bushy head of hair.

and heavily fringed eyes. Colonel St.

(‘lair measured him as the antagonist he

would have to meet. As he eyed the

gaunt stranger, the (“oloncl involuntarily

fondled the handles of his revolvers, with-

in easy reach. lehind him were his men

in gray, sworn to follow, even as they did

in darker days.



The band played the national anthem,

and the sweet-faced young ladies of the

glce club sang their song. Thcn Major

Starbucklc arose and grasped the arm of

the grizzled stranger, leading him to the

front.



“Comrades, Ladies and Gentlemen,"

said Major Starbuckle, “I haVe the pleas-

ure of introducing to you thc artist who

designed and executed the beautiful mon-

ument we are about to unveil. lie, and

I have long been in consultation concern-

ing the matter. Finally he presented to

me a design which I thought appropriate,

and I had him make it as my gift to the

cemetery association. Friends, this is

John Carter, the well-known artist of

Boston. He is not a speaker, only a

worker.”





Mr. Carter bowed in acknowledgement

of the applause and resumed his seat.



"I knew he come from Massachusetts,”

growled Colonel St. Clair, as he drew one

of his revolvers half way out of its scab-

bard, and took a step toward the plat-

form.



Major Starbuckle touched a cord and

the drapery fell from the monument. The

crowd surged toward it, exclaiming its

surprise at the beautiful figures. There

were two soldiers, one of the blue and one

of the gray, warmly clasping hands, look~

ing squarely into each other’s eyes. At

their feet were a sabre and musket, dis-

carded. In the background was an angel,

wings outstretched, a smile upon her lips

and a. friendly hand laid on the shoulder

of each soldier. The inscription on the

base was the simple word, “Brothers.”



‘Vhile the people were buzzing with

suppressed excitement over the wondrous

beauty of the figures, and the symbol, the

young ladies of the glee club arose and

softly sung:





“Under the sod and dew,

Waiting the judgment day;



Love and tears for the Blue,

Tears and love for the Gray.”





In the solemn hush that followed the

song, Major Starbuekle got up and limped

slowly to the front of the platform.



"Comrades, and friends,“ he said, “I

can see by your moist eyes and your

eager interest the appreciation you have

for the beautiful 'work Mr. Carter has

done for us. Here lies your dead and

mine; the friends we loved, the soldiers

we revcrenced. This is a soldier's monu-

ment, a tribute to something greater than

his prowess, a tribute to his nobility 01’

soul, to his forgiveness and reconciliation.

I can see by your kindly faces that the

idea appeals to you, and now as a. se-

quence to our meeting this evening I am

going to ask to address you a man who

was once my enemy, but who I feel as-

sured is now one of my warmest friends,

Colonel George St. Clair, late of the army

of Bob Lee.”





 





REAL VALOR.





BY RENIt E RADCLIFF‘E.





u





Cross your 1’s and dot your i’s, John-

nie," said the teacher stcrnly as she

gave his composition paper back to hint.



“Yes, ma'am." answered Johnnie,

meekly, as he took his seat.



lie placed the paper upon his desk and

turned his attention again to two boys

who sat in the middle row. just across

from him. He had been watching them

at intervals ever since he had come in

after the noon recess, and his composi-

tion had suffered in consequence.



The boys had a cigar box upon the seat

between them, and although their books

lay open upon their desk before them,

they bestowed nearly all of their time

upon the care of the box. They cut tiny

holes in each end and would lift the lid

and peep inside in the most curiosity-

provoking manner to Johnnie.



He wlote upon a piece of paper in large

letters: “\Vhat You Got,” and held it in

a position that they could see it.



"‘he answer came by the same means.

A single word—“Mouse.”



Johnnie hunched up his shoulders, and

his “Oh!" could be heard all over the

room.



“Johnnie,” said the teacher, “attend to

your work.”



"Yes, ma‘am."



He bent over his paper, and as his i’s

and 1‘s were nearly of the same size, he

crossed most of the 1's and promptly dot-

tcd his 1‘s. and fell to watching the boys

again.



“Johnnie." said the teacher with deter-

mination. “at whom are you looking?"



"At Ned and Charlie,” was the answer.



“What have they to attract your atten-

tion to the olilll't‘ neglect of your work?”



“A—a cigar box.” ‘



" said the teacher, addressing the

two boys in tile middle row, “have you

a cigar box upon the scat?”



“Yes, ma'am.” was the frightened an-

swer. holding the box up in sight.



“lloes the box belong to either of you?"



"No, ma'am.”



“\Vhosc box is it?" she asked.



“It‘s mine," piped a shrill voic'e from a

back seat, and a little boy stood up. "I

lcut it to Ned and Charlie at noon.”



“Go and gct the box,” was the next

command, “and place it upon my desk.”



The cigar box was yielded with many

misgivings, and the sturdy little fellow

marched up and placed the box and con-

tents upon Miss May’s desk.



“Children," began the teacher. “I trust

that you will behave nicely this after-

noon, and not disgrace yourselves. As I

told you before, the School Board is to

meet here, and Judge Brown is to make





“ toys,





MAY 28, 1910.





Fresh 'at- Night

if one Uses the Right Kind of Food.





If by proper Selection of food one can

feel strong and fresh at the end of a.

day's work, it is worth while to know the

kind of food that will produce this result.



A school teacher out in Kans. says

in this connection:



“I commenced the use of Grape-Nuts

food five months ago. At that time my

health was so poor that I thought I would

have to give up my work altogether. I

was rapidly losing in weight, had little

appetite, was nervous and sleepless, and

experienced, almost. constantly, a. feeling

of exhaustion.



“I tried various remedies without good

results; then I determined to give par-

ticular attention to my food, and have

learned something of the properties of

Grape-Nuts for rebuilding the brain and

nerves.



“1 commenced using Grape—Nuts and

have since made a constant and rapid

improvement in health, in spite of the

fact that all this time _I have been en-

gaged in the most strenuous and exacting

work.



“I have gained twelve pounds in weight

and have a good appetite, my nerves are

steady and I sleep sound. I have such

strength and reserve force that I feel

almost as strong and fresh at the close

of a day’s work as at the beginning.



“Before using Grape-Nuts I was. trou-

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and economical as Grape-Nuts.”



Read the little book, “The Road to

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Ever read the above letter? A

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time. They are genuine, true.

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Is an all steel fact





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t has over a dozen exclusive patented

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Ir... with information how to

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linkers of the first

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MEAD CYCLE 00.. Dept-”M77. Chicago.





 

   

 

 





 





 





 

 

 





HARTSHORN

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Bear the script name of

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keep. t

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HE J EWE OAR RIAG E00.

CINCINNATI. OHIO





 





F‘n" Ens—Ir you have wool for ante or to make

tum any action tion of pure fleece

wool goods. write WM. LAMB RT. Woolen Mills.





 





Reed City, Michigan. for samples and particulate.





 





”’99.; .--r- «WW





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JW‘a AK- ,.‘





«<A‘

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qua.» .m<:‘ a.» ..





.uy





0w -

use <





2*;
I

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-WQ»WL4~, I





k.fi.i_

‘6',” , air





5.





rt





 





 





MAY 28, 1910.





an address, as well. as some of the others. chubby hand shot out from a frayed coat





sleeve, the fingers closed over» the little

rodent, and the next moment the dis-

turber was shoved through a hole in the

pocket of Johnnie’s coat, inside the lin-

ing, where he was snug and safe for the

Everyone seemed to settle down quietly present. ‘

as if to compete for that prize, and Miss The judge noticed that Johnnie wrapped

May was beginning to feel that all would a bit of "paper around his finger where

be well, but upon glancing at Charlie she the ungrateful little animal had set his





and I hope that all will give them proper

attention. The judge is going to present

a prize to the one who conducts himself

or herself in the best manner according

to his own judgment."





found him making questioning signs teeth. The great man took his seat with

across to Ned and Charlie. a thoughtful look upon his countenance.

“Johnnie!” she called sharply, “come Somehow the fact never appeared with





such force to his mind before.





and sit upon the platform.”

The little boy at his feet, with his shab-





“Yes, ma'am,” he answered, as he

obeyed her. by coat, buttonless and out at the el-

A seat upon the floor of the platform bows, had dared to do a thing that he,





in all his greatness, would not have at-

tempted.



The program was being carried on. The

other three gentlemen each made an ad-

dress in his own way not like the judge’s

speech by any means——just useful ideas

clothed in simple language

smallest child





was not exactly a seat of honor, but

Johnnie had sat there before and was

perfectly at his ease.



There was a knock at the door and

Miss May went forward, a little ner-

vously, to admit her guests.



Judge Brown, followed by three other and theories,

prominent men of the neighborhod, filed and understood by the

in. They seemed to fill the narrow aisle present,

as they walked in a dignified procession There was no hitch or interruption, and

to the platform and seated themselves in Miss May was delighted to hear her

the four chairs that had been previously methods commended.

borrowed for the occasion. At the close, the prize was to be award-



Miss May occupied her own chair in ed. As the judge came forward, and





 





I

I





front of her desk and kept her watchful Johnnie moved aside, he stooped and

eye upon such pupils as were apt to bring

discredit to her discipline. She glanced

at Johnnie, who sat almost at her feet,

and decided it was safer to let him

remain.



The judge rose to make the first talk.

He was a large man, and confident of his

fine appearance as he towered head and

shoulders above the other three men. He

smiled in his condescending way at his

might and power of knowledge among

that little band. His presence inspired

silence and his commanding tones thun-

dered throughout the space of the little

schoolroom in masterful force.



He chose lofty words in his discourse,





and everyone seemed to listen with rapt

who had





moved to one side to allow him room to





attention save the little boy





stand quite at the edge of the platform.





Johnnie never took his eyes off the cigar

”01:4 upon the teacher's desk, well know-

He was busy

spe ulating just what would happen if





ing what it contained.





mouseshould escape.





 





ing’r that he was making quite





speech.





gesliiculated. He would rest his hand

upon .the teacher‘s desk, and, as many

orators are in the habit of moving arti-

cles about, such as a book or a glass, the

judge pushed the cigar box back and

forth as he spoke, in quite an unmindful

fashion. After awhile he paused to watch

the impression of a. certain Strong argu-

ment he had made, and in a careless way

he set the cigar box upon end.



Johnnie, who had been watching every

move he made, gave a start as the lid

of the box opened a trifle. The judge

leaned his arm upon the place where the

box had rested, and Johnnie almost

jumped to his feet as he saw a tiny head

push out of the opening. The next mo-

ment the inch of space between the box

and the speaker‘s coat sleeve had been

covered and the little prisoner lrad trans-

ferred himself from his former quarters

to the rather uncertain refuge of the

iudge’s sleeve.



The speaker finished with a grand flour-

lsh and, with a beaming smile, turned to

resume his seat, which was a little in

lhe rear of the chair which Miss May

occupied.



He lowered his hand as if to adjust his

chair and a tiny object fell from his

sleeve upon the teacher's skirt that

spread out upon the floor beside her chair.



A mouse——a little half-grown mouse.



The great man stopped short with a

look of consternation upon his features.



Miss May, unconscious of its presence,

was engaged in explaining some matters

to one of the members of the school

board.



The judge was quite certain that she

would hold to her feminine tradition and

Scream if she saw it. It had fallen from

his own sleeve, which he would be obliged

:0 admit if the matter was found out, yet

ior the life of him he could not account

for its presence; still, he was quite sure

:hat he should be blamed in some way.

i‘here would be confusion and a scene,

ind the meeting would be brought to a.

roost undignified close.



Johnnie met his questioning look, and

there was a. mute appeal to the boy to

come to the rescue. It was just one swift

glance that flashed between the two pairs

of eyes, but it was understood.



The boy moved along the platform; a_





. e judgefwaifi‘iéd-tolhis Subject, know--

a. fine

’He would step to the edge of

the platform and then back again, as he





whispered a question to the boy, and the





answer came: “Johnnie Smithers.”





The judge held the prize up for all to

see—an elegant volume of poems bound

in green and gold, a most desirable pos—

session for many who looked with longing

The judge was smiling, but

was

a Of hunger and of pain, we're told;





eyes upon it.

somehow the pompous,

gone, and his words rang out



more kindly meaning than before.





superior air

with





“In awarding this volume." he began,

“I am not prompted by any outward dis-

infiuenced by

most

In my ohser- Yet the acquircd taste for gand 1.“) roast,





I am not

concerning the





play of merit.

anyone‘s advice

worthy one to receive it.





vation of human natures I have gained 1‘

an insight to human hearts through little





THE ‘MICHIGAN PARMER.





time the two wrestled, the seventh day of

Manabozo's fast, he was able to over-

come the other. Mondamin lay on the

sward, dead. .



The dead youth had given instructions

for his own burial, should he be over—

powered. Mana-bozo obefli the directions

given him. He stripped Mondamin's gar-

ments from him, laid the body in the

earth, which he made loose and light

above the dead youth.



Then Manabozo went to his home, for

the seventh day had completed his fast.

He did not forget the grave of the one

who had claimed he came from the Great

Spirit. Often the young Indian went

hither, uprooting the weeds and driving

away any intruding animal,



One day he found a green sprout issu-

ing from the grave. As Whittier said:





“All through the long. bright days of

June

Its leaves grew green and fair,

And waved in hot midsummcr's noon

Its soft and yellow hair.”





It was not until the grain had grown

tall that Manabozo told his friends.





”And still later, when the Autumn

Changed the long green leaves to yellow,

And the soft and juicy kernels ‘

Grew-like wampum hard and yellow,

Then the ripened ears he gathered,

Stripped the withered husks from off

them,

And made known unto the people

This new gift of the Great Spirit.”





 





GOD PITY THE RICH,





BY P. J. F.

God pity the rich, the poor can beg—

A truer thing was never said.

Only thlc poor man knovvs the stress of

co (1, .





\Vhat's that compared to the rich man‘s

need,

To the mental pain of gain and greed?





The rich man, true, is college bred,



And the poor man envies the life he has

cd,



‘or porterhouse Steak and quail on toast,



Blue points and mushrooms and lobster

rod





acts as well as the more conspicuous Will hardly stand him in very good stead





ones, and thus with the greatest pleasure,





n





I present this volume of poems——





expectant faces before him, and





In the race for a bank account or a home

of his own.





. he \Vhich the poor man acquires by buying

paused, and his eye rovcd over the eager,

then Round steak, and weenies, and potatoes





soupbone,





galore,





back to the ““10 boy at his feet, “to And purchasing drygoods at the Ten-cent





Johnnie Smithers.”





There was a moment of silence; Miss His wife wears gingham at a shilling a

May looked disappointed; the school com—

mittee smiled feebly and the older girls





frowned.





Someone in the middle row began clap-





ping. It was Ned and Charlie.





orite after all, despite his

ways. The little school rang





gift.





INDIAN LEGEND OF THE GIFT OF If he doesn’t take them out, at IcaSt once





CORN.





 





BY HOPE DARING.





The success or failure of their corn

crop meant much to some Indian tribes.

Their mode of cultivation was primitive,

but the fertility of the virgin soil usually And charity ”“151 “9""? be OV'OI‘IOOked.

The Ojibways

looked upon corn as a gift of the Great

Spirit and used to tell, around their camp The high cost of living never bothers the

the following legend concerning its





gave them a fair crop.





fires,

coming to their tribe.





It was the great Manahozo who. when IS the {F'Uth 0f the saying in this World





a youth, had, in accordance with the cus-

tom of his tribe, retired to the forest,

there to spend a time in fasting and

prayer. This solitary vigil was to pre-

pare the young Indian to take his place

as a warrior, onc having a voice in the

direction of his tribe‘s affairs.



For three days Manabozo had fasted.

On the fourth, weak and faint, he lay

upon a bed of leaves within the rude

lodge he had constructed. Hearing a

noise he opened his eyes, and in the door—

way stood a young warrior. The stranger

was arrayed in garments of green and





ycllow. In his golden hair he. wore a long

green plume. In a soft, sweet voice he

said:





“Manabozo, your prayers are heard by

the Great Spirit. He has sent me—Mon—

damin—to instruct you how you can Win

for yourself and your tribe the things

for which you have asked. You are to

rise and wrestle with me.”



The protracted fasting of Manabozo had

made him weak, but he was at once up-

on his feet, ready to obey the command

given him. The two youths sought the

open air. It was sunset, and they wrest—

led until darkness fell, neither one win—

ning a victory over the other. Mondamin

withdrew, promising to return on the

marrow, that the trial of strength might

be continued.





This was twice repeated. The third





Store.

- . yard,

“bile Madame La Riche must invest in

foulai'd.





The college friends of the rich man, too,

Come dropping in—not only a few—





Others But scads upon scads stop to say. Hello!

took it up, for Johnnie was rather a fav-

mis‘chievous

with ap-

plause for a. time, but none clapped quite No time to visit have the poor man‘s kin.

so loud as the man who had bestowed the





The rich man must smile—he



'cm to go.



The poor man's friends don't Come

ling in,





can't tell





but-





Thcy force him not to commit the sin



()f charging things for lack of tin.



llim haunts not the ghost of what folks

will say





a dd),

To the Lyric1 or the \Vonderland,

Or to the Coliseum to hear the band.





The rich man needs must entertain,

Cordiality assume and pleasure feign

Toward those who bore him—yea, repel!

For social position his place will he sell.





01' else for Oblivion he'll surely be booked.

Those things aforen'ientioned the rich

must endure;





poor.

And 1, therefore, repeat as paramount in

life





of strife»—

I say it in earneslvl'm not a wag~

God pity the rich, the poor can beg!





THE LIGHTING OF THE LAMPS.





BY (TORA A. MATSON DOLSON.

Two thousand lumps, Roy said, were lit

To light the great hall where he went;

A lot of money, too, was it

To decorate that hall they spent.





 





We didn‘t go, but Bess and I



Went to a grander hall that night;

Above our yard we saw the sky



With all its million lamps alight.

“We watched the darkness these



lamps—



The first great white one in the west,

The little ones, like roving tramps,



The milky way, and all the rest.





light





And not a single dime it cost;

And Boss and I we laughed and sang,

While far—off where the wood boughs

tossed,

The echoes of our music rang.





And when we heard our mamma call,

“’Tis bed—time now,” we thought of

this:

No one in God's wide world at all

The great lamp-lighting needs to miss.





 





 





 





THE UNFORESEEN.





BY EUGENE c. DOLSON.‘





The doubts and cares that weigh hearts

down today. ‘

May be the heralds of a future gain;

As tremulous flowers, bent low by wind





‘0





(19)





575





 





A Breakfast

' Joy—





vaeet, Crisp,

Golden-Brown





Post

Toasties





Ready to serve from the

package with cream—no

cooking necessary.





“The Memory Lingers”

Pkgs. 106 and 15c.





POSTUM CEREAL COMPANY, Ltd.,

Battle Creek, Mich.





 





 





 





 





 

 





 





,‘ y/ ,

‘F «1' J It's a need-

' " 3,34,. less waste

of time and





strength. Don't.



you know that it

would be money in your

pocket to have a pump

bring the water from the

old well just where you

need it—in kitchen. yard

or barn? We make pumps





”0111 $3 to $300.





l 'er I I All you have to do is to

I I. H -

rm. '

_ ‘ Ill .

\





ME‘ RELIABLE FARM .





.WliERE rou . '

PUMPwm

WATER





Sand for our free book~

"WATER SUPPLY FOR THE HOME}:

It tells how best; and most economi-

cally to solve. the water problem in the

country. Get. it and stsigdy $11; flag?

No. . a. .

"IO Gould: Ill. 60., Seneca Polls. KY.





 

 





 





 

 

 

 





 





 





Turnilure anq Piannsl





AT WHOLESALE.





Cut this out and mention the article

you are in need of, and mail it to-day.

and we will explain how you can Save

the Retailer’s Profit oi 33$ %. This prop-

osition is certainly worth your con-

sideration as our goods are the most

Reliable kind on the market to-day.





MILLER 81. HARRIS FURNITURE 00.,





8789 So. Division Street,





 





 





GRAND RAPIDS. MICHIGANJ





AGENTS‘IWO mu





 





 





   





   

 

 

 





Patented — ""‘. '“Wlilmlw



Safety Hold-Back ~. . wmo

New Agents' Proposition. For Fm

Everyowncrofnvehicle buys. ‘ Sample





Save: time in hitchiugaud un- '



hitching. lnsures safety in accidents—runaways—colli-

aions. Just out. Thousands being sold. \Ve absolutely con-

trol the sale of this wonderful seller. 83.50“)” aday profit.

L. THOMAS MFG. 00.. 4245 Wayne Sh, Dayton. Ohio





LEARN AUCTION EERING





AND BE INDEPENDENT.



Summer term JONES NAT’L. SCHOOL Opens

July 25th. (Five weeks) No age limited, Catalog

will interest you. Address CAREY M. JONES

Pres. 2866 Washington Boulevard. Chicago, Ill:





Let Me Start You In Business!





I will furnish the advertising,matter and the plans.

I want one sincere. earnest man In every town and

township. Farmers, Mechanics, Bullders, Small

business man. anyone anxious to Improve hls con-

dition. Address Commercial Democracy. Dept. D 30, Elyris, Ohio.





 





 





 





gated—Agents to sell Farmers’ Account I!

Qul 3k sellers. blir lnducements. e' elusive £35:

tory. Address L. L. SYPHERS. Ft. Wayne. Ind.





Men Wanted—To try coming Railwa Hall .

4: ternai Revenue, and Postoflice examinatlolig.





 





$50 to $125 monthly. Common education ouflicient.





Political influence unneces’y. Candidates r

free. ,erte Immed'ly for dates of exam: flaws)?-

nelgh d. Franklin InsL, Dept. '1‘ 46, Rochester. N Y





PATENTS MED! FORTUNES





Inventors: Bend 6 cm. for our Valuabl P Boo

I. S. lfA. B. LABEL Dept. 89. WASHMONe, Dflfntlst. 18kt}:





 





 





and rain.

Rise fairer still when storm-clouds melt

away.





I wnhlg' ° to durum





Alva: mention the Michigan Far-er '1'“...
576' (20) .





YE OLDEN TIMES.





o.





 





BY CHAS. E. JENNEY.





Along the grass-rimmed village street -

The first short dandelion gleams,

And now the elms, young Spring to greet.

Are feathering their long triremes.

The earth with subtle incense steams

That Memory awakes to meet;

And through the fairy land of dreams

Our Fancy goes with tripping feet.





The shadows flickering on the street

At hide-and-seek with stray sunbeams,

In old familiar forms repeat

The games that boyhood most esteems.

The breathless listener almost seems

To hear again the laughter sweet

Of maiden voices as it streams,

Where slow they wend from Learning’s

seat. .





With jolly shout comes down the street

A school—boy group that surely deems



The shinny—block Life’s prize complete,

So eager in its chase 1t streams.

Again, I see the slow ox-teams



Come lumbering with their loads of



wheat;



Beneath the lilac’s gay racemes



The village gossip grows replete.





Nor doth the heart less warmly beat

\Vhen Frost employs its harsh extremes.

And \Vinter with its snow and sleet

The village landscape softly creams.

\Vith happy shouts and merry screams,

Snow-plough and shovel break the

street—

Blood—warming toil the way redeems,

And sleigh—bells jingle its defeat.





ENVOI.





Ye Olden Times! How like to dreams

Thy scenes pass in procession fleet;

Each friendly face a vision seems

As we pass down the village street.





 





OLE BULL AND THE INVENTOR.





 





A story is told of Ole Bull, the wizard

of the violin, and Stephenson, the inven—

tor ol‘ the locomotive. Ole Bull admired

the inventor greatly but Stephenson‘s dis—

like for music was pronounced.



A call of some nature took Stephenson

to the home of Ole Bull. After finishing

his business the cold, taciturn man arose

to go. Ole Bull pressed him to stay and

hear a famous old violin that had recently

come into his possession, but the inventor

declined, declaring he had no time for

such nonsense.



Ole Bull, however, began to explain the

marvelous construction of the violin, the

perfect exactness required in each minu-

test part. The inventor became interest-

ed in the subject. Finally Ole Bull ex-

plained how the sound waves were pro-

duced and the relation of the different

parts to their production. Then—still ex-

plaining—he drew his magic bow across

the strings in a burst of exquisite music.



Stephenson lingered, spellbound, Ole

Bull played on. “hen the music finally

died away, Stephenson burst into tears

and sobbcd, “There has been something

in my life that was lacking and at last

I’ve found out what it is.”



How many seemingly happy men and

women are there, out on the l'arms, whose

souls are unconsciously yearning for the

touch of responsive music. For some it is

simple, long forgotten melody, for another

the inspiring music of the bands and to

others, perhaps, the rollicking airs and

merry tunes would act as a tonic.



Fortunately there is no need for this

yearning to go unsatisfied for the wonder-

ful phonograph brings the world’s best

music, sung by the most famous singers

and played by the most celebrated bands

and instrumentalists, right into the farm-

er’s home.



The modern phonograph is truly 21 won-

deri‘ul inStrument for it actually repro'

duces the warm, living voice of the singer

as truthfully as the human throat. The

light, brceZy airs and delicious wit of the

world's famous merrymakers come from

its horn as bright and sparkling as they

flow from the lips of the singer, tripping

before the footlights.



The music of the world famous bands

comes as responsive from the phonograph

as when from under the baton of Pryor

and Sousa it floats over a. vast theatre.

And listening to the sacred hymns and

arias on this marvelous machine is just

like sitting in the church and hearing the

swelling notes of the overhead organ and

concealed choir. The organist and the

singers are not seen but the rich sublime

music is real.



There are many bright and intelligent

men and women who don’t realize What

a perfect musical instrument the modern

phonograph is. But if they would only

listen just once to a good one, they would,

like Stephenson, discover a source of new-

found and lasting delight.





Better Than They Expected.





“’9 received the knife all right, and

are very much pleased with it. It is bet—

lt‘ekr tthhan we expected. Thank you. We

1 e e paper also—Mrs. T. S. ‘

Gobleville, Mich. Chapp ell,



(This knife is given with a,subseri tion

to the Michigan Farmer to Novembgr 1,

1911. (18 months), for $1.00).





 





 





 





 





   

 





Painting

the Wagon





HE average life of a wagon is six years. It should be twenty years.



Think of adding fourteen years to the life of your wagons by the



use ofa little inexpensive wagon paint? But the wagon paint

you use must be paint for wagons—not any old paint.



Our big-,1free book tells you what point to gel: and how to apply it. This

book is a book for farmers. It tells all about farm painting; how to paint the

house, barns, implements, wire and iron fences, house floors and woodwork, screens,

and in fact, everything about a farm that needs paint to protect it and make it

attractive. The information is correct, exact and told in full. You can depend

upon it and you can save money by having it on hand as a guide.





SHE/r WIN- WILLIAMS





PAINTS AND VARNISHES FOR ’FAZ’M USE





together with this book, which we send free, will enable you to make your paint-

mg count. You will learn how to use the right paint for each purpose—the paint

intended for that purpose exclusively, and this is most important.

Send for this book to-day. Then go to any Sherwin-Williams dealer and get



the right paint for your purpose.



'4)



-’ . Address all inquiries to



A The Sherwin-Williams Company,





66.0 Canal Road. N. W.. Cleveland. Ohio.

In Canada. to 639 Centre Street. Montreal





Sum WIN-WILLIAMS .

mm: 5 VA RNISHES





[narrator from llonmmo

is what this TRADE MARK represents





In the last sixtyyears, more property—live stock, grain

and buildings—and more human lives have been saved

by COLE BROS. FRANKLIN LIGHTNING ROD than by any

other Rod ever made. That is because it is a perfect

and scientific Lightning Rod, and the only Rodwhosc

efficiency has never been sacrificed or cheapcned.





COLE BROS. FRANKLIN LIGHTNING R00





is the world standard of protection; not the cheapest but the best.

Its patent couplings, bronze and platinum points and ground

connections form a continuous channel, by which electricity passes

05 to the earth as harmlessly as water from your roof. Every

foot guaranteed. '





BEWARE of cheap imitation: and flimsy rwz're substitutes offered by the

unscrupulous. Look for the initials CBFR on every section and

for the full trade mark as above on allpackager. Don’t take anyone’s word for

c B F R it, see that they are there for yourself. These. letters are c B F R

YOUR Protection as well as OURS. When it comes to

protecting life and property remember that Cole Bros. Franklin Lightning

Rod has nerucrfailed in sixty years.





COLE BROS. LIGHTNING ROD COMPANY





310 to 320 South Seventh St., St. Louis, Mo.





OLDEST LARGEST B F. S T





   





 





   

 

 





 

 

   

 

 





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The most deadly lnsecttclde~yet harmless to plants. Contains no

Paris Green or Arsenic—does not burn. prevents blight. Hus saved

millions of dollars for farmers in the past 15 years. Equally errectlvo

on Potatoes, Squash, Cucumbers, Melons, Vines and Shrubbery.





Prevents Blight on All crops





Don't experiment—buy rl hi: this time— at “Bu Death.” Easily

applied as dry powder wit our “Dicke aster" price 250—0: for

spraying mixture. Also effective on elm. e and fruit trees.





Sold By Dealer- Everywhere or Dlroct from us in 1, 3, Band 12

pound packages. AISO 1001b kegs. Interesting booklet Free on requ





DANFORTH OHEMIOAL COMPANY

2 Wlllard Street ‘ Leominster. Mass.





 

 

 





 

 

 

 





 





 

 





ll Great

Invention

Mode for 2. 3





"cider ..

Eveners serene





   

 

   

 





works four hone!





 

 

 

   





oulky or disc plow.

one horse in furrow. three on land.



I Work. free. no olde draft, all horse;

pull equal. We make devices to attach



our Evenero to all plows. HEIDER 3-

bone Wagon Evener for wagon, ml-

nure spreader. grain drill or any other

implement with pole. co To YOUR



DEALER.“ he can t supply you don’t ac-



cept uny other. rite no for catalog and



we WI" tell on where to get them. We

also make ugon Doubletrees, Single.

trees. Neck Yokes. etc. lnoilt on getting

HEIDEII's If you wont the but In IVE!!!“





 

   

   





 

   

   





HE'DER MFG. CO. ’.

be £27





9 \ '-'_.: \o.’

cannon... - IOWA 1’ . DEALER





Mishawaka Side Jumper





Iron Standard, Solid Steel, Double

Edged Reversible Coultor.





Made right hand as well as left.

Patented December 3. 1889.





   





 





 

 

 

   





.01.: is «non... ,





This Cut 1 W?” ,

Represents

Our -- \ ..





Improved Steel New Ground Plow.

Address for descriptive circular





MISIIAWAKA PLOW OOMHIII, Mishawaka. Indiana.





' ' Guaranteed BL] A



‘ ‘ Ensilage Cutter _



‘_ 3, Sold on merit backed by 38 years' success.



1 3 Proved strongest. most durable, smoothest



‘ running. Cuts green or dry food and ele-



‘ voter any height. Knives adjustable at



any time. Perfected construction through-

. out. Mounted or unmounted. Ask



, or free book, “Why Silage Pay’o "





 





 





 

   

   

   

 





Jot. Dick Mfg. Co.

1439 W.Tumnwu 3!.





Canton.





:Ponrsh"





HAY C .





m Has ‘wlde open mouth



. swinging fork pulley. Fills

hay mow full to the root. In

without exception beat hay carrier

in the U. S. Send for illustrated

booklet of PORTER’B up-to-dote

hay tools.



.I. ll. PORTER (10.. Ottawa. Illinois.





POTATO BIGGER

The .55.}, "‘7'?!





 





   

 

 





 

 

 





 





 





 





Does erfect work. Fully



guaranteed. rite for illustrated



catalogue of Diggers, Pickers and Sorters.



THE HOOVER MPG. 00.. Box No. 45. Avery, ohlo.



Transfer points—Buffalo, N. Y.; Detroit, Mich.; St. Paul,

Ilium; Mnrsballtown, 13.; Idaho Falls, Id.; Portland,

Ore.; Spokane, Wnsh.; Winnipeg, Mum; Hamilton,

Ont. ; Fond du Lac, Wis.





B ROW N For Rabbits.





Chickens. Hogs. Sheep,

'Horses, Cattle. 160 styles. Big-

heavy No. 9 galvanized Coiled

Spring rust proof= wires. Will defy

stock, wind and weather. Free sample





-_ 82 cat'g- 15 to 35c per rod. We pay freight

:; SE The Brown Fence & Wire Co..

DEPT. 49 Cleveland, 0.





LAWN FENOE





1" ““““ ‘ - - - - - - Man Styles. Sold on trial at

~ ”0‘33““! " 7’ij whoTesale prices. mauve t2:

" V V V V v V V '— V“ V V.



I':"¢”¢"¢":"."¢" Thrill”: 53.30312 iféiai'mii'eshfiay.

, ll:":‘.’:‘,':‘,’:t'é’:1!;,lifllitil'l KITSELMAN anus.

' ‘ . .. Box 316 Munolo, Indiana.





 





 





 





 





   

   

 





 

 

 





 





 





   

 

   





 





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ll.'n‘h‘h‘k'!lt"lt"n"lP'AB'At‘VAB'A‘VA‘VAt‘Gt‘W'ANA‘M‘M":Ii

Ornamental Fence Sillifbfiui‘étg‘lfl42

clerics Public Grounds. Also Wrought Iron Fence. Catalog“

tree. Write for Special Olfer.





 





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THE WARD FENCE 00.. Box 441 Doc-tun Ind.





 





Don’ t Buy Gasoline Engine;





Until you investigate





a two-cylinder gasoline, kerosene or alcohol engine; superior to any. on’eicylin-

der engine; revolutionizing power. Its weight and' bulk are half that 'of‘ single





“THE MASTER WORKMAN ” altar; 1W. continentalsoftness. ”guarantors.





any wagon. It is a combination portable, stationary Or traction engine. 1 and





3H.-P. Air Cooled Pumpn





En Ines-





I 9

Centrifugal and Power Pumps. THE TEMPLE PUMP 00., Mfrs., Meagher and 15th Sts., Chlcago. THIS IS OUR 56th EAR.





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