" " txxx [Lilo-l.

, ‘ c Number 3433-





 





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.. 17'7P-n-qu-4 ...





ifThe -‘ Only Weekly Agricultural, Hurticultural find Li





 





 

   





_tock Journal in the State. L





 





 





‘2; r ' ' FARM'NOTES. .

. ’ .

Floats as a Stable Absorbent.





{In a paper which I read at a Farmers’

I ‘stitute' on the subject of feeding cows

1 r milk, I made the assertion that ground

gosphate rock or floats was valuable to





 





'e in the stable as an absorbent as it

5 es the ammonia in the rock so it could



'Tt~escape.' I had used it and was posi-

tive there was a difference in the clover

, ere I used the rock as an absorbent.



£3251 have been taught thru the col-

umnsvof the Farmer that it was a paying

investment to so use phosphate rock

biit“the"state speaker said it was all a

“f ,,”.,t,ha‘t you could not trap nitrogen.

NOWEphos’phate rock costs good money,

aii'fl‘iif Pam on the wrong track, please

soft-mearigh’t thru the paper.



ngrrien" Co. GEO. H. OLns.





Without any question, floats or ground

phosphate rock is a valuable absorbent

foruse in the cow stable. Not only is

this a. matter of personal opinion among

those who have experimented in a private

way. but it is well established from au-

thentic experiments conducted at several

stations. For instance, the Ohio Station

found that the use of floats as an ab—

sorbent increased the net per acre yield

of crops fur'a. series of years by $445

per acre where stall manure and floats

were applied, as against $3.09 where stall

manure untreated was applied, the cost

cf the floats being'dcducted in the first

instance. At the Ohio station it was

found that acid phosphate gave better re-

sults yet, giving a net value increase of

$4.66 per acre for the treated stall manure

as against $3.09 for the untreated. In

some experiments which have been con-

ducted in our own state under the super-

vision of the experiment station, it has

been found, however, that floats gave

better results, possibly owing to the dif-

ferent conditions under which the trials

Were made.



So far as trapping the nitrogen con-

tained in manure is concerned, it is a

rwiell established fact that if the liquid

im'anure can be soaked up by means of

some absorbent which is drawn direct

{oil~ the field that little nitrogen will be

lost either by the loss of the liquid ma—

nure itself or its escape in the form of

afihmonla. Of course, any dry substance

which does not contain lime, such as

dried muck, will serve an excellent pur-

pése for such use, but the benefit to be

gained by the use of floats for this pur-

poSe is two-fold. First, it is a good ab-

sdrbent, and second, it furnishes consid-

erable phosphorus for the benefit of fu-

ture crops, altho it becomes available

slowly by natural chemical action in the

still as compared with an acid phosphate

which has been treated to make the

phosphorus available. This is probably

one reason Wily better results were se-

cured from the acid phosphate in the

Ohio experiments.



The theory that nitrogen cannot be suc-

cessfully trapped is not a tennblc one

from any standpoint. By far the larger

proportion of nitrogen contained in stable

manure is contained in the liquid portion

of- such manure, and by holding it thru

the use of absorbents, it is retained in

sufficient degree so that stable manure is

cemparatively rich ill nitrogen. Nitrogen

is also trapped by means of the nitrogen—

fixillg bacteria whose home is in the

roots of our leguminous crops; in fact,

practically all of the nitrogen contained

in‘our soil is by some means fixed and

held by‘other agencies such as those con-

tafiled in stable manure, or such as the

roots cf legumes‘or any vegetable mold,

and is held in the soil by means of the

humus which it .contains.‘ It is Well

k'nbwn that it may be lost from either

stable manureior from the soil itself by

injpdicious handling, and many believe

that it .may be trapped by the soil direct

f. . .. . _





 

 





.filhoszlhate testable manure helps





t 11‘ by means of very thoro cuif“ .

‘ The addition of either float A





. DETROIT. Mica. SATURDAY, JANUAR?s1909.





7s com-s AW in

$1.50 THREE YEARS





 





A FEW LEADING ARTICLES OF THE WEEK.





Some Farm ideals—A practical discussion of some popular theories, and

of conditionswhich oftengovern them ..... 2

Keeping Clover Seed for Futune Use.—Advice on how to handle the seed





at





oo-o.-o.-o.... n o





in order to keep it several years without deterioration ....... 3

Wintering Brood Mares and Colts.—-Plenty of exercise and proper feeding



necessary to prevent indigestion and consequent trouble 5

Dampness In the Poultry House.+Suggestions for avoiding this condition



generally induced by poor ventilation, overcrowding, etc. ............... 7





Relation of Dairying to Soil Fertility.—The dairyman is able to return to his

soil practically all plant food removed by crops grown for feed ........... 20

Will it Pay to Buy Feed for Cows7—A practical answer to a question which

many farmers ask themselves when feedstuffs are scarce and high ..... 21

Soil Dyspepsia, Its Causes and Remedies—A rotation introducing a radical

change of crops suggested as a remedy for “manure sickness.” ........ 22

Magazine Section.——One Rural School. A Study in Cardboard. Thawed Out.

Gerald Clay’s Vocation. Miscellaneous





 





still larger quantity of commercial fer-

tilizer is used, often as much as a ton

per-acre of high grade goods with a

formula of about 2:8:10. The writer is

using a formula containing this much

potash and has used it with as low as

4 per cent of potash, depending upon his

judgment touching the nature and needs

of the soil on which the potatoes are

planted. The Maine growers apparently



have more faith in the fertilizer or in

the potato crop than we Michigan grow-



ers have attained as yet. At a number



of experiment stations it has been found _

that the application of about 1,500 lbs.





than either more or less, but of course

the soil and season has much to do with

the results which are obtained. For in-





 





 





 





to balance it much the same as the addi-

ion of concentrates rich in protein helps

to balance up a ration, which accounts

for the apparent benefit to succeeding

crops, as shown by the experiments re-

ferred to which will soon be found tabu-

lated on page 339 of the issue, of the

Michigan Farmer for October gist, 1908.

Fertilizer for Potatoes.





What is the right fertilizer to apply

for potatoeson sandy land. and how is it

best to apply ii. in hills or broadcast.



Berrien Co. » BERT Ri’rcnlh.



Potatoes require a fertilizer which is





relativelyrich in potash and this element





should be in the form‘ of the sulfate

rather than the; muriate of potash, the

latter being injurious to the tubers. As

potatoes are what maybe termed a gross

feeding crop, and as the .roots will oc-

cupy all the soil during the growing sea-

son,'Tt has been found most profitable

to apply fertilizer in comparatively large

quantities, sowing it broadcast and work-

ing it into the soil. For the past two

yea" the writer has used from 800 to

1.0!»: lbs. per acre of a high grade for-

tilizer.

has reached its highest development, a





 





 





Modern Farm Home of Chas. A. VanDeventer, Gratiot County.





Built in 1907.





 





 





 





 





Farm Home of H. W. Randall, New'York, a type of Modern Architecture.’

, " 1

‘NJ





' l





In Maine, where potato growing





stance, this year the writer used 1,000

lbs. per acre, but the season was so ex-

ceedingly dry that the maximum of benc-

fit was not secured from this heavy ap-

plication, there not being sufficient moist-

ure to make it available for the crop.



The better way to determine just what

formula and what quantity is best under

any given conditions, is to put the ques-

tion'to the soil itself. In fact, this is the

only way that a farmer can get a correct

answer to a question of this kind. as dif—

f not soils will respond in different de~

grves to its use. So the better way would

be to select a fertilizer with a suitable

formula, containing from 4 to 10 per cent

of potash, and then apply it in different

quantities in different portions of tllo

field, and determine by actual results in

the crop itself as to what quantity is

most profitable to use under your soil

conditions.



Seeding Clover on Sandy Soil.

I have eleven acres of rye on Michigan





pine land soil; sown Sept. 20, which has

made but slight growth. on account of

lack of ram. This land has been run





some, this being the third crop of rye in

successmn. The yield has averaged 8 bu.

per acre past two seasons. I want to

seed to mammoth clover in spring, and‘

have succeeded best by waiting until

ground has settled and harrowing seed

in with weedcr. Can you give me form-

ula of fertilizer to sow on top of this rye

this sprlng, which would be likely to

benefit the rye especially the growth of

the, young clover. There is still plenty or

growth In the straw. but the heads are

short and small. “’llCll should the fer-

tilizer you recommend be applied and in

what amount?



“’ayne Co. P. M.



\Vithout any doubt it is better to wait

until the ground is settled and harrow

in the clover seed on sandy land. Such

land is usually deficient in humus and

does not get that desirable honey-combed

condition from the action of spring frccz- '

iug and thmving which is necessary to

sa-urc a good covering of the seed by

sowing it on broadcast without stirring

the ground. If you desire to sow a fer-

tilizer on this rye, it would be best to

sow a small quantity, say about 200 lbs.

per acre, of a standard fertilizer with an

analysis of say 1:8:2. Sandy land is apt





to be quite deficient in potash as well

as phosphoric iii-id, and if you can ob—

tain it readily, it might be better to use





a brand with a little more potash, say

4 per cent. You will not get a great deal

of benefit in the rye crop from the appli—

cation of the fertilizer. To be of very

great value in helping the rye crop, it

would be much better to sow in the, full

at the time of seeding the rye, but you

should furnish some plant food right

where it will do the clover plants good

in getting an early and vigorous start.’

The better way would be to sow it on the.

land just before the seed is sown and

then harrow the seed in with a spike:

tooth harrow instead of weeder, as this





would insure a better mixing of the fer-'





tilizer with the soil. If this work is'

done before a good rain the bent-fits will

be more noticeable, as the fertilizer will

then be rendered soluble and better mixed





 





per acre produced more profitable results ' '
, <.

2 m r





with the soil than otherwise. If you have

a fertilizer drill, you might use it to dis-

tribute the fertilizer, sowing the clover

seed at the same time with the grass

seeder’ attachment, going crosswise of the

drill marks. Then you could harrow or

go over the field with a weeder and get

the fertilizer fairly well mixed with the

soil and the clover seed Well covered.





. Destroying Moles.





I would be glad for information, thru

your valuable paper, for the extermina-

tion of moles. I have tried traps, but

do not succeed in catching them. They

are ruining the lawn.



Indiana. SUBSC-BJBER.





It is a somewhat difficult matter to

exterminate moles, but it can be suc-

cessfully done on a small area, as a lawn,

which is practically the only place where

they will do any considerable damage.

Moles are almost exclusively insectiverous

in their feeding habits and burrow thru

the ground in search of insects. They

are most active in the evening which is

consequently the best time to catch

,them. If you can not succeed in this by

the use of traps, they may often be

caught by the use of a spade which may

be pushed down thru their burrows back

of where they are Working, when the little

animals can be destroyed. If this is too

slow a method, or if you do not succeed

in exterminating them in this way, the

only other efficient method is carbon

bisulflde which may be poured into the

holes or burrows, the same being immed-

iately closed. This is a very volatile

liquid and is quickly converted into a

heavy gas which is destructive to animal

life.





 





SOME FARM IDEAS.





 





The Conservation of Manure.



The merits of the manure spreader are

so well established that no argument is

necessary on their behalf. The manure

carrier where adapted to buildings is an

acessory of nearly equal importance and,

considering the comparative small cost,

desirable and necessary. Hauling man-

ure every day is a theory, but rarely a

condition that can be complied with. The

removal of the manure from the imrned-

iate vicinity of the doors or from under

the eaves is an economic measure, as

well as a sanitary one. It‘ conditions per-

mit, the extension of the gutter by an

open concrete Channel leading to a con-

crete basin for the manure, dump, com-

pletes the plan. During cold weather the

channel of concrete is not effective. This

condition provides for the maximum sav—

ing of manure with the minimum of ex-

pense. The manure from the horse

stable and from cattle going into the

same pile is advantageous in preventing

excessive heating, and also prevents

freezing, except very slightly. There is

no great expense about any of these

plans, and a great saving. Any man rea-

sonably ingenious can make the concrete

channel and manure basin and erect the

manure carrier in really less time. than

he can carry the manure by the forkful

or wheel it out in a wheelbarrow. The

cable for manure carrier and car are,

of course, purchased, and not made at

home.



Farm Engineering and Crop Data.



Every bright boy or girl at l2 years

or so is an enthusiastic map maker. The

grand divisions of the world, the, United

States and the various states are favorite

subjects of transfer to be Seen on manilla

paper. County fairs used to have, sec.

tions of school exhibits Where creditable

crayon work abounded. It is this bent of.

childhood that is to be enlisted in farm

engineering," provided that too much

stress is not laid on the, term “engineer-

ing." Provide a portfolio of manilla pa-

per about 10x12 inches, a four—rod tape





line and a note book. Have the ambi-

,



tious boy or girl engineer make meas-



urements of. the fields and reduce to





acres and decimals thereof, together with

a legal subdivision of farm, with refer-

ence to section, town, meridian and base.

line. On each sheet plat the fields, and

perhaps maintain, on an annexed while

sheet, crop history of each field, date of

planting, seed, cultivation, yield, and

market value. If further interested, make

a soil survey with a spade, and classify

as sandy, clay, loam, or such combina—

tions as the facts demonstrate. It will

do no harm to use the larger Words as

silicious, argillaceous, morain, etc., if one

will carefully study the dictionary as to

their proper uses. Farmers are entitled

to the technicalities of their environment

and profession and may, with perfect

propriety, use fhese terms. Already “pro-

tein” and “carbohydrates" are well es-

tablished words, simply by using. The





electrical engineer often speaks of volt-

ii





_ ' ~ *mgi





”$0.3





"alia— n3 ’ m K





THE, .MICHIGAN . FARMER'





age, watts, amperes, etc. So should ‘the

farmer use correct farm technical words

to express his ideas. The wo'odlot fur-

nishes still further opportunity to map

the timber, noting the principal varie~

ties, together with the circumference,

measurements and lumber estimates. It

is not expected that every child will be-

come interested: it will be the few who

are really delighted and who are analy-

tically inclined.

The Tool Shed.





A farmers’ bulletin from the depart—

ment of agriculture placed farm tools at

10 per cent of the value of the farm,

which seems approximately correct. The

preservation of tools and machinery is

such an important matter that adequate

storage is a necessity. Where is cheap

shed is desirable, a southern or bastern

front is to be desired, with the roof slop-

ing in the opposite direction. Eight—foot

posts in front, with six-foot posts in

the rear, set on concrete bases and bolted

to inserted irons, arranged in sections 14

feet wide and 16 feet deep, makes a cheap

and effectiVe shed when covered with pro-

prietary roofing. A location remote from

the hen house is desirable, as tools seem

to have an attraction as roosting places

for farm fowls. A shed of this sort rep—

resents about 5 per cent of the cost of

machinery that can be stored, while de-

preciation of farm tools left out in the

weather approximates one—eighth, or 12%;

per cent annually. There are few farm

tools that can be left out in the weather

even intermittently, and last eight years.

A dealer in second hand mining machinery

said that the paint put on machinery brot

him more money according to the invest-

ment than anything else he sold. This

is true of the small amount of paint that

can be applied to farm tools as a pre-

servativc against decay. If farm labor

is unemployed during the winter and a

varin shop is provided, painting and re-

pair work can be done advantageously.

Farming is becoming more and more a

matter of machinery and dismantling and

assembling implements is of assistance

in understanding their operation and re-

pair. A farm laborer of the advanced

type said that before seeking farm em-

ployment, he always wanted to see the

farm teams and tools, for if these were

good the prospects were for accomplish—.

ing work satisfactorily and without fric-

tion. The Egyptian task-masters de-

manded of the Israelites that they make

bricks without straw, and sacred history

records the first organized labor move—

ment, but, like most similar movements

since that time, it was a long journey to

the promised land. 1



ShiaWassee Co. J. N. MCBRIDE.





 





BEST GRASS FOR PERMANENT

PASTURE.





 





I have 40 acres of mixed clay and sand. .

What would be the best grass seed tol

sow for permanent pasture? Would blue,

grass be adapted to this soil, or would‘

June grass be best? I want to seed with





oats. Would it be better to seed with

wheat? 1

Wayne Co. DANIEL FAY.





I would not recommend that you SOW‘

June grass or blue grass, which are one

and the same grass, because this grass:

will come into the permanent pasture,

soon of its own accord in this sectionfi

The better way is to sow some of the

better tame grasses in the permanent





pasture and then the June grass will

gradually run them out and you have 1

a June grass or blue grass pasture. It





would recommend that you lit the, ground

early in the spring and sow the grass

seed without any oats or if you want to

Sow a light seeding of oats, you can do

So;

for hay.

manent pasture you want to seed very}





thickly, so as to get a thick stand and it? ,

would be better if you didn’t pasture this; ‘





at all the first season. It would be bet-

ter to mow it than to pasture it until,

the grass gets well established. I would3

recommend that you sow timothy, red

clover, alsike clover, orchard grass, and

red top, on this land. You should sow

iivo pounds of timothy, three pounds of

orchard grass, two pounds of red clover

and one pound of alsike clover per acre.

Harrow it in lightly and roll the land

after harrowing. If the weeds come up

at first it will choke the grass if allowed

to grow. As soon as they get four or

five inches high, run the mowing machine

over and clip them off. This will give

the grass a. good chance to get started.

Course. LILLIE.





 





I received my machine in .good condi-

tion and must say that I am well pleased

with it.—Mrs. Arthur Fleming, Lansing,





«itate to ask for any information you





but it would be better to cut them"

Where you seed down to a per-





PLEABE MENTION THE MICHIGAN EARLIER

when you are writing to advertisers. ‘





 





THE DIEFERENT‘SEEDS THAT A

GRAIN DRILL SHOULD SOW.





 





Diversified farming has been and

Is urged upon the attention of our

farmers. There are good and sufficient

reasons why this is an excellent'plan

and we. believe that our readers are

pretty well posted-on the subject. Per-

haps some farmers think that all a.

grain drill should be expected to sow

is wheat, oats, rye, barley and various

grass seeds. The fact of the matter

is that a grain drill should be able to

successfully sow and kind of seed that





man is likely to plant with a. grain

drill, from the small grassas to large

bush Lima beans, without injury to





the seed, and in such quantities as are

known to be proper. The Empire Grain

Drill—which is made in a large num-

ber of styles and sizes, both plain grain

and combined grain and fertilizer——

will successfully sow any and every

kind of seed, and there are none too

large or small. With it a. man can

plant all his small grains and grasses

and in addition, he can sow peas,

beans, beets, corn, flax, etc.

ning factories are being constantly

started. These factories furnish a good

and ready market for peas, beans,

sweet corn, beets, etc. These are pay-.

ing crops, too, especially when they:

can be put in so quickly and cheaply

as they can with an Empire Grain

Drill, which is manufactured by The

American Seeding-Machine C0,, Incor-

porated, Richmond, Indiana. Send to

the manufacturers today for a copy of

their Empire catalog, and do not hes-





may want, as they are most willing to

supply our readers with same. Go to

your implement dealer and insist on

seeing the Empire before you buy any

oher make. This drill is sold under

such a. liberal guarantee that no per

son runs the slightest risk in purchas-

ing.





FAqM FENCE





 





cts. a rod iii ,1-

For a. 86-inch high 11

A gag-tight Foucauéfade of .l- Lil



envy w re verys stron ll '

. _m and durable; requires few? :-.-.&.I

-. 7“ posts. Sold direct to tho --.1’,.





 

 

 





 





New can- -





 





‘ JAN. 2, .1909.





A “Tested ”Out”





Threshing Machine!





The ”New Huber" Thresher is built on

correct mechanical principles. Every part

is accurately adjusted to every other art.

It Is a substantial machine. The cy nder

has great capacity and is placed in ’a most

rigid frame. The concavesand the cylinder

teeth are hard enough and tough enough to

stand any strain. Ail internal moving parts

are built and mounted to give the longest

possible service. The ‘ New Huber”

threshes easily. It's a hurry-up worker.

It has no equal in separating the grain

from the straw. It save: every kernel. No

kernels are ground or broken either—every





one whole. The boaters. chatter, riddles.

fans and all other arts are adjusted for the

thorough and care 1 separation ofthe grain

from the chaff and straw, as well as for the

greatest economy of labor and power.



Let us send you the “New Huber” cata-

logue. It illustrates details of our Thresh-

ing Machinery and Traction Engines—tells

how they save money. and why. It is

FREE. If you are interested in this class

of machinery our catalogue will be valuable

to you. Send for it today. '





The Huber Mfg. 60.. Dept. I. Marion. 0.





CUT ICE





With the Dorsch Double Row

Ice Plow We guorufitoo it will

cut more than 20 man lowing by

band. Calms are cutnnflorm,

of any size and thickneu. One

man and a bone will cut more ice in

a day than the ordinary former and dolry

men can nu. Yo on cut for other: Ind

make the prileo of ouzpilotwrgg ht") day:‘ use.

Ask for cut: one an n no ory pr col.

JOIIII DOBSCII I. 80“ 230 WELLS 81.. MILWAUKEE. m8





DeLOACH ‘

3% to 200 IIJ'.





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





STEM! (Hamlin: nun wan: oowtn

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A v ' 30 DAY R l

‘ ‘ A him" “‘08.haloguesfree.BB --- 371;



'. lursntocxmn Fence 00. j; g _ _

‘ ’ A Box 30 MORTON,ILLINOI3._ "_"





   

 





 

 





see our new Illustrated Catalogue No. 14. Send

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Muslin Manufacturing 00., Chicago





 





 

 

   





Tied with the





 

 

   

   

   





 





fence to be had. The

“Boot Fence on Earth.” Get a





with the same ease, and the stays are

slope or hillside.





The Anthony F once





A fence built for fence buyers who want the best





clusions—be your own judge. The knot itsclf is com act sm th

No kink in the line wires inside the knot. p ' 00 and strong.





 

 





Anthony Knot





Anthony fence is the

sample knot and make your own cou-





Can be strung up hill or on level

always parallel with the posts on any





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Woven from Hard SteeI Sp

We buy the best wire we can get.





and WE DO KNOW HOW.





anteed of equal length.





FREEz-Anthon knot, full lengt

mailed free. The end is an exact





 





 





We build the best fence we know how—

_ u . Not a light cheap fence—not an old style

Wire. netting.” In poultry fence stays are 9 inches apart or 22 per rod

and 1n standard fence 12 in. apart or 16 stays per rod, and always fastened

with the Anthony knot. All lateral wires guar-





the fence. See the knot yourself and t.

the family. Write for it now—today?e a





The Anthony Fence 00., 19 Michigan St, Tecumseh, Mich. 0.84.





ring Wire—ANTHONY QuaIity





   

   

   

 





 

 

   

   





h souvenir hat in and booklet

Anthon knotgas’ it appears ii

at. pin for a member of





 





 

 

 

 

 





Here is an article that will pay

for itself three times over. even

though you found use for it only

3 days in the 365.



But you’ll use it many times.

With it you can lift and move

hundreds of pounds yourselfwith-



out help. Our smallest ( $0le.

:1 capacity) costs but 70c. Our



largest (5.000 lbs. capacity)

sells for $4.25. ,

’ It is the one Rope Tackle





 





exit





   

 





 





c for the Greatest Valued Ever

Offered—The Burr Automatic

, Safety Tackle Block for Farm Use, 70¢;





Block that does a chain block's work—the

that has no teeth wedges and eccentrics to gilt]:

tear and wear rope. Yet it locks unfailingly

and holds rigidly on greasy and wet rope.

Larisrtls ilgetime.



in 0w convenient in chan in w

boxes. moving sick or injured animgalsgmoavgig;

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You need one. am Its uses and enormous

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BURR MPG. 60., I33 Viaduct, Cleveland. 0.





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e. (I :1

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P

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JAN 2, 1969.





GETTING Us THEVSUMMER’S wool:





. LY. . .

if) supp .





At this season ‘of the year farmers, as





 





apt to take it easy, much to the detri-

ment of their next summer’s wood supply.



It is none too early to be getting up

the wood for next summer’s use, before

the snow gets so deep in the woodlot that

it not only becomes difficult to get around

but if we wait until the'snow becomes

deep it is then impossible to pick updthe

small trees that have blown down dur-

ing the summer and we are obliged to

get our summer’s wood from standing

trees, which will lessen our future sup-

ply when, if the woodlot was kept clean

many cords of wood might be saved which

would otherwise be wasted. It is high

time that the farmers of Michigan began

to take “steps to‘ conserve the limited tim-

ber supply to be found on the majority

of farmes thruout the state.



At the present rate of the cutting of

timber it will be a matter of only a

few years when the majority of farmers

in the state will. be at the mercy of the

trusts and combines for their supply of

lumber and fuel.



In getting up our wood everything that

has been blown down in the woodlot

should be sawed up first and if this does

notmake enough to meet the require-

ments, all dead and dying trees should

be out before any green timber is

touched. If our wood supply for next

summer’s use is out early it gives us a

chance'to get it drawn to the wood-

house early and then we can get it split

during stormy weather and save many

valuable days in the spring that ought to

be devoted to getting the spring’s work

well under way.



Many farmer’s leave this important

work until spring when the time might

better be devoted to some more import-

ant work or in some cases in the rush

of spring work the wood pile is often

neglected entirly and the good wife has

to get her summer’s wood as best she

can.



But, we are glad to say, that this class

of farmers are in the minority and it is

afact that the size of a man’s wood pile

is a pretty good indication of his thrift

along other branches of farm work. If

a little thot and care is used in getting

up our summer’s wood supply in mak—

ing use of what now goes to waste we

can add many years’ supply of wood to

our own use or to the use of future gen-

erations.



Livingston CO. C. C. O.



KEEPING CLOVER SEED FOR

FUTURE USE.



This year many farmers in the state

were fortunate in securing a good crop

of clover seed. A number of inquiries

have been received as to the possibility

of keeping seed for use in future years.

If the seed is in good condition, I think

it safe to hold it for three or four years

with little or no loss of vitality. Keep

it in large paper sacks or in a tight cask

or bin. It may now be nearly free from





 





 





Concrete barns and out houses built with





ATLAS Cement.





 





 





 





How to Make and Use CON CRET’





a rule, or not very busy, and they are‘





To make good concrete you

must use the best cement.

You can’t afford to experiment.





ATLAS is the highest grade





of Portland cement manufac—

tured. There is but one qual-

ity,vthe same for everybody.





ATLAS is always uniform,





which means that it is alike at Tm. trade mark—~ATLAS—

all times in composition, color, ”it the he“ °f a barrel 0"



side of a bag guarantees

the cement.





Ask your dealer for AT LAS—you will know it by the trade mark

Daily productive capacity over 40,000 barrels.





SEND FOR OUR FREE BOOK





“ Concrete Construction about the Home and on the Farm.” It contains directions for making

and handling concrete, also many specifications, sectional drawings, and photographs of the smaller construe!

trons that can be built by the layman without skilled labor.





fineness and strength.





Address





k' THEATLAS PORTLAND CEMENT BOMPAEY DEPT.I2, 30 BRUAD‘S'ITNEWNURK





@TLAS :THEfiEHflLQRniREQEUHE U-S-VGDVEWFNTED'RJln_,PANAMA [MAD





NONE JUSTAB-Gllllll





 





 





mi! 3.





 





Every farmer should know how to make and use concrete. All the agricultural colleges am.



devoting special attention to this most important subject. Many farmers have ninety per cent'. .



of the material necessary for a moderate concrete building on their own farms. We manufac-

i ture the other ten per cent, a perfectly pure Portland cement, guar-

anteed absolutely uniform and free from adulterations.





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 





to give back every





 





small insects, but there may be a few

not seen. At any time soon apply bi-sul-

phide of carbon" at the rate of one pint

to 1,000 cubic feet of space. This does

not injure the seed.



I shall be disappointed if farmers do

not send me at least a thousand samples

of seeds of red or mammoth clover to be

examined for seeds of Weeds; to each

farmer a reply will be sent giving re.

sults. This ought to be worth while for

the farmers, also.



Home-grown seed is preferred, but

send some anyway, 3. tablespoonful of

each lot. In each case a card should be

sent stating the source of the seed and

what numbers are on the packages that

they may not be mixed with others.



Agricultural College. W. J. BEAL.





AN INCREASE IN FARM PRODUC-

TlON.



The Conservation Commission recently

held some sessions at Washington. An

encouraging'feature of the meeting was

the report that the fertility of the coun-

try as a whole was on the increase rather

than otherwise. This was not in accord-

ance with popular belief. .It was shown

that while some‘sections of the country,

notably the less progressive portions of

the south, were retrograding in this re-

gard, the general average was advanc-

ing. This was true even in New Eng-

land, lately the land of abandoned farms.

The improvement, it was stated, was due '

largely to the researches of the Depart-

ment of Agriculture, better cultivation,





 

 





receives.





 

 

 

 





fence material on earth.





conditions, is a triumph of the wiremaker’s art.

These are combined in theAmerican and Ellwood

fences—the product of the greatest mines, steel

producing plants and wire mills in the world.

And with these good facilities and the old

and skilled employes back of them, we

maintain the highest standard of ex-

cellence possible for human skill





Made of wire that is

all life and strength—wire

that stretches true and tight

and yields just enough under impact





Made of materials selected and tested

in all the stages from our own mines,

through our own blast furnaces and rolling

and wire mills, to the finished product. Our

employment of specially adapted metals is

of great importance in fence wire; a wire

that must be hard yet not brittle; stiff and springy yet

flexible enough for splicing-best and most durable





To obtain these and in addition apply a quality of gal-

vanizing that will effectually protect against weather





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 





 





 

 





The heaviest strongest,

best galvan zed fence

made. A more substan-

tial, stock - resisting,

time-defying fence was

1 never stapled to posts.

Free samples with cats-

log showing :50 styles

at prices from 15¢ per rod

up and full particulars

—free on request.



WE PA Y FREIGHT

We will send you s. sample of our

all No. Dwire fence. You on test

it any way you like.File itand see

how thick the gslvsnizin . The

“BROWN"wlllcommcnd itselfto

you. It is the best. Free Catalog.

The BMW" fence &. Wire Co.

Dept. 49 Cleveland. Ohio.





 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

 

   





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

   

 

 





jolt and jam it





   

   





4. single strand barb wire ever made.





M. M. S. Poultry Fence Saves 50%

We make the most complete line of Field, Hog.

Poultry and Lawn Fencing in the country. Write

for our new catalogue.



DoKALB FENCE 00.. - DOKALB. ILL.



Southwestern Ofl‘lce end Warehouse, Kansas City, Mo.





 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





The only abso- ,

lutely successful





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 





 





FENGE $5333.?





Made of High carbon Double Strength

Coiled Wire. Heavily Galvanized to

prevent rust. Have no agents. Bell et

factory prices on so doys' Ireo trlsl.

We pay a" height. 31 heights at farm

and poultry fence. Cot-log Free.

OOH-ED SPRING FENCE 00.

Box 21 Winchester. Indians.





 





 





 

   

 

 





v





A

.u ,,





 

 





.'_ rfl‘LGEAGX- i ._ t

- ‘m

a" 93333:»:an

0:1" llziizllzillilil’l‘li‘l ‘Il'fl'llifl'; free. Spool-l Prices to .





Irv





 

   





‘uwn FEllGE





g ---_:- Man designs. Chee as

may wood. 82 page Catalggue

"1 Churches and Cemeteries.





 

     





1 i ' V V - V V ‘ V I O

03" l’:‘f:i"’:":‘j:l':i!. Jvln‘u‘o‘ulc Coded flmrence Co.

_,- A Box l ester. Ind-





 





rucrlac Up Per Rd.





   





 





and ingenuity to produce.





Dealers everywhere, carry-

ing styles adapted to every

purpose. See them.





American Steel

8: Wire Co.

Chicado



New York

Denver

San

Francisco





 

 

 

 

 





 





 





better seed selection and more rational

crop rotation.





 





 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





   

 

 

 

 

 

 





Get our 1909prices on any style fence. We

sell direct,you get all dealers' nndjobbers’

profit when you buy direct from our

factory. Write at once. Anchor Fence

& Mtg. 60.. Dept. L. Cleveland. 0.





WARD FENCE RT“???





Old fashioned galvanized. Elas-

tic spring steel. Bold direct to

for m e r s a t manufacturers

prices. Write for particulars.





Ward Pence 00.. Box 544 Decatur. Ind.





 





 





 





 





 





15 Cents a Rod .





For a 22-inch Hora; Fence; 16s for





 





 





26-inch; 19s for l-inch; 22 l-ile

for 85-inch; 27s for a 17-inch





 





 





Farm Fence. 60-inch Poultry





 





 





Fence 87s. Lowest prices over





 





 





 





made. Sold on 30 do 3 trial.





 





 





Catalog tree. Write for t. today.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





KITSELMAN BROS..





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





' lo: 218. .UNOIE. IND.
', '4 .w‘





 





7





Horse OWners





Look to your interests and use

the safest, speediest and most

positive cure for ailments of

your horses, for which an ex-

ternal remedy can be used, viz:





GOMBAULT’S

CAUSTIC BALSAM





Prepared exclusively

b J. E. Gombault, ex-

VYaterinar Surgeon to

the Frenc Government

Stud.





 

   

 





Mascots ALI. cwrrnv on name.





Impossible to produce mw scar or blemish.

The safest best Blister ever used. Takes the



lace of all liniments for mild or severe action.

achieves all Bunches or Blemishes from Horses

or Cattle.



Every bottle of Caustic Balsam sold is

Warranted to give satisfaction. Price $1.50

per bottle. Sold by druggists or sent by ex-

press, charges paid, with uli directions for its

use. Send for descriptive circulars. testimo-

nials, etc. Address





all LAWRIIOI-WILLIAIS OOIPANY, Cleveland, Ohio





 





 





 





 





a Blind One

“lllSlil”





Wonderful

Discovery





,. DISEASES of the EYE

M / successfullytreatedwith

ll 4.: . thlsNEW REMEDY.





AN ABSOLUTE cues:





for Moon Blindness. (Ophthalmiu). Con-

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all sniffer from diseased eyes. A trial will

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length of time the animal has been afflicted. No

matter how many doctors have tricd and failed, use

“V1810,” use it under our GUARANTEE; your

money refunded if under directiohs it.

does not effect a cure. “YOU PAY FOR.

RESULTS ONLY.” $2.00 per bottle,

postpaid on receipt of price.





Vislo Remedy Ass’n {iron-1:639” ‘é’:l’:.‘.’:.‘, it: ,





Don't Have





 





 





 





 





Try Dr. Fair’s New

Worm. Remedy





FREE!





I want every reader of the Michigan Farmer who



has never used my New Worm Remedy for



horses to send for a 25c box on approval. Each



box contains 12 doses in coin envelopes.



Remember this medicine is lunranteed to



kill bots and worms. If satisfactory send

me.





w. c. FAIR, v. 5., Prop'rw

DR. FAIR VETERINARY REMEDY 00.,

571 2-1 4 Carnegie Ava.. Cleveland. 0.





 





 





 





 





 





MINERAL

. ‘HEAVE

REMEDY





 

   

   

   

   





NEGLECT

Nill iluin

Your Horse .

set“ to 31” s3 PACKAGE

or on y

PIRIANIN'I' will cure any case or

money refunded.

BURE 8| PACKAGE

cures oédmary glint;E

l’ stpai on receip

5"! . piElCC. Agents Wanted.

OIRTAINI Writahducriptivsbwklot. Ls





 





ABSORBINE





’ Cures Strained Puiiy Anklcs,l.ymphanziiil.



, Poll Evil, Fistula. Sores. Wire Cuts. Bruis-



es *‘and Swellings. Lsmencsa, and Allan



Pain Quickly without llisiering, removing



the hair, or laying the horse up. Pleasant



to use. $2.00 per bottle at dealers or de-

livered. Horse Book 5 D free.



ABSORBINE, JR., (inankiiid.$l.00 hot-



. ,.~ tle.)For Strains,Gout,VaricoseVeins,Vnr-



// icocele,Hydrocele, Prostatltis, kills pain.





W. F. lililliii. 5.0.5.. 63 ilonmooih St. Springfield. tins.





MONEY SAVED





ING—





nov sziiE"§riiicnioiis.





Thousands in use. Mags to titraiiy staggering;

able convenient and c sup. a spa or

too 'much to tell you more. Write for booklet

and price. Manufactured by





ROY BROTHERS. East Bar-net. Vermont





NEWTON’S Hammond“:-

temper and Indigestion Cure.

5 ' A veterinary Remedy for wind,

-' ‘ throat and stomach troubles.

9‘ '0 (fl 5" recommends. $.00 per

«‘ oan,o dealers,orexp. prepaid.

The Newton Remedy 00.

Toledo, 0M0.





 





 

 





 





LIVE STOCK '





PROBLEMS. "





   





FEEDERS’





The Grain Ration for the Breeding Flock.



I am wintering a bunch of ewes. I

haVe cornstalks pea straw and clover

chaff for coarse feed. How much grain

should they require and what would be

the cheapest. Peas at $1 per bu., cull

"beans at $1 per bu., or corn at 650 per

bu? Is it best to feed it whole or ground?

If ground which and'how much would

you mix?



Ogcmaw Co. W. H. S.



The inquirer has not furnished suffi-

cient data, to make it possible to advise

intelligently with regard to the proper

grain ration for his breeding ewes. In

the first place, if the ewes go into

winter quarters in good canditian, as

they preferably should, they will not need

as heavy a grain ration as would be the

case otherwise. Then again, the indi-

vidual weight of the sheep is not given;

which is a considerable factor in deter-

mining the individual ration. ‘



As a general proposition, the writer is

favorable to the liberal feeding of the

breeding flock. A good many farmers

and a good many writers upon this sub-

ject do not believe in feeding much grain

to the breeding flock, preferring to Win-

ter them thru mostly on roughage and

supply a more liberal ration after the

nmbs are dropped. From his personal

experience, however, the writer believes

it best to feed a well balanced ration and

keep the cwcs in a thrifty condition right

along. Corn is not generally recom-

mended as a groin for the breeding flock,

but our personal experience has been

{that where it is combined with other

fccds to make a well-balanced ration and

fed in proper quantities it produces no

harmful cffccts whatever, and since it

is thc chcupcst of all grain foods as the

basis ‘of a ration, we always feed our

brooding owes some corn. With the

feeds given and at the priccs givcn, peas

would bc a much bcttcr soui‘cc of protein

than thc cull beans, and by combining a

ration composed of three parts corn, one

port cull bcons and a small and gradually

increasing quantity of pcn—sizc oil—meol,

together with the roughage mentioned,

a first rate ration for the breeding GWeS

iwould result. As to the quantity which

ishould be givcn, one-half pound per day

‘should be considered as a maximum feed

for :1 large cwc. If the ewes are of a.

smaller brccd, a less quantity should be

given so that about the same amount

will be fed per 1,000 lbs. of live weight,

”say about 3 lbs. per 1,000 lbs of live

2 \Vi"l£’,‘lli'. Thcn with plcntv of roughage Of

1 the kinds notcd, thc cwcs should keep in

good condition until the lambing season

,arrivcs when the grain ration should be

‘incrcuscd. if some roots are available,

‘thcy will add voi'iciv and succulcnce t0

the ration and kccp the flock in a much

thrifticr condition. Plenty of exercise

is desirable for breeding ewes at all times.

and a large yard should be provided in

which it is advisable to feed a portion

of the roughrigc on plcuszmt (luvs. Plenty

of flesh is not objcctionublc in :1 brccd-

ing cwe but it should bc put on in the

' fall when ihc ewes are on pasture, and it

is not advisable to fccd suflicicnt grain

to im-rcasc thcir weight vcry materially

during the wintcr. Howcvcr. if not in

good condition when ihcy do go into

Winter quarters, a small increase in

Wcight which will dcnotc thrift will not

provc objcciionzible.



It will not pay to grind (my grain for

shccp. Thcv will musiicntc the whole

Igroin so ilmrolv that ihcrc will bc proc-

tiv-ully no w:i:~<tv and it is more palatable

ltr) ll’li'll’l than ground food.





 





._.





 





 





1Cow Peas as Green Forage for Hogs.



r‘nn hogs lw grown on cow pczis, ihe

snow as :ilfnli'u r‘luvwl‘ whi-n fcd in llio

grccu stoic; or would it lw bcsi to wait





.until the sccd lllulUl'l'S bo-foi‘c turning the

hogs on thcm.



Illinois. A. A. C.



While somc growcrs (-onicnd that COW

pods can bc usml as 2i grown forage crop

for hogs, tho wriii-r is in doubt as to

their value for this purpose. Ccrtninly

1 they will not Clinll'Hll‘i) with cithcr alfalfa

‘or clovcr for tho purposc, us hogs do not

sccm to relish thorn as wcll. We have

tricd feeding cow peas in the hog lot

as a soiling crop while in the green state,

but the pigs do not seem to take to them

kindly. Perhaps their appetites might

have been educated to do so by persist-

cnt effort. However, there is no doubt

fubout the value of this crop for hogs if

’ they are turned in just before they reach

a stage of maturity, and there is also

no question but that this would be a more

economical way to use them as the value

of the gains made on the grain would





 





 





greatly exceed any gains which might be

gotten by using the crop as a green

forage. \ ’ ‘.





 





ECONOMY IN SHEEP FEEDING.





 





In this time of high priced grains and

low priced stock the feeder must use es-

pecial care to economize labor and make

large gains without waste of feed. This

principle is fully carried out on the farms

of the Marble Brothers, of Calhoun Co.

Sheep feeding is the leading line on these

farms, and the prorpietors are thoroly

conversant with the work from the breed-

ing of the lambs or their purchase in the

stock yards to the marketing of the fin-

ished product on the Chicago market.

We shall briefly describe the sheep barn

and method of feeding on the farm of

Herman Marble, which is typical of the

equipment and methods on each of the

three farms.



The main sheep barn in which the

lambs are being fed is ninety feet long

by thirty wide. A wide door at each

end allows of driving thru the whole

length of the barn with the spreader,

and the racks are so arranged that they

need not be moved in this operation.

Along the sides are an abundance of win-

dows hingcd to admit of good ventilation.



The racks are combination grain and

hay racks, running lengthwise of the barn,

there being two of them, one sctting on

each side about midway from the side

to the center. leaving two narrow pens

along each side and a wide one in the

middle'thru which to drive in cleaning

the barns. The mungci's have drop

sides to shut the lambs from the man-

gcrs while fccding and allow thcm to all

begin eating at once. These sides are

worked by a lever from the end, the

entire 90 feet being raised or dropped in

a moment. Water is supplied to each

pen from tanks of tile set in cement and

connected to a float tank, which is con-

nected with the supply tank near the

windmill.



In this born thrcc hundrcd lambs are

now being fed, about two—thirds being

western lambs. These seem to be more

vigorous and better feeders as a whole

than the native lambs. I incidentally

took note of the time required for Mr.

Marble to feed the three hundred lambs,

the operation being as follows:





The mangcrs were first swept out, there.





being perhaps an urmful of refuse hay

lcft from the lust feeding.





the chute and scattcrcd along the man-

gers, this being done by starting at the

furthcr cud “(1 walking backward, scat-

tering the grain on the way. Mr. Marble

has bccomc so proficient in this thru

practice that the grain is spread very

cvcnly and made to come out just right.

This grain ration is at present composed

of mic-sixth cottonseed mcul, pea. size,

and fivc-sixths corn and oats, half and

half.



When the groin was all scattered the

sides of the mnngci's wcrc raised by

means of the levers and the lambs all

went to eating at once, the double row

of licuds down each irof making a pretty

Sight. “'hilc the slump wcrc caing Mr.

Mul'lilc fillcd ihc chutc with hay. By this

timc tcn minuics hud been consumed.

After waiting two miuutcs for the lambs

to finish thcir grain the sliding sides

wore again raised and tho lambs were

cuiing again. The cutii‘c timc consumed

in fccding thc thrcc hundred lambs was

sivtccn minutcs.



During the cutirc proccss of feeding

the fccdcr need not stop in the pens,

simply walk along the mangers. The

feet are thus kept clean and the mangers

not contaminated.



A Convenient Hog Barn.



A convcnint hog burn for the general

farmer is hourly completed on the farm

of Frank Murhlc, of Calhoun county,

Mich. The barn is not A large one, there

being room for six pens and a cooker

and fccd room. Thcrc are cement floors

over the cuiirc bzxscmcnt, but a raised

floor of plank is to be put in each pen

for a sleeping npartmcnt. An alleyway

cxtends thru thc ccuicr, the pcns being

on each side. Along the allcyway par-

titions are cement irofs ovcr which is a

swing partition arrangcd so the hogs can

be shut from the trof whilc filling. Doors

which slide upward lead to the yards

outside and are worked by a rope and

pullcys from the center aisle.



A litter carrier is to be put over the

center aisle so the manure that is often





wasted by being trumped into the yards:





outside will be sccurefl and taken to the



yard where it can be mixed with coarser



manures.

Calhoun CO.





 





 





 





Three bushel; I.

baskets of grain wcrc then drawn from‘





 





 





 





S. B. H. I





"June, 1909..





Fortune





Telling +-





Does not take Into

consideration the one

essential to woman’s

happiness —— womanly

health.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





The woman who

neglects her health Is

neglecting the very

foundation of all ‘good

fortune. For without

health love loses its

lustre and gold is but

dross.





Womanly health

when lost or impaired

may generally be re-

gained by the use of

Dr. Pierce’s Favorite

Prescription.





This Prescription has, for over

40 years, been curing delicate,

weak, pain-racked women, by

the hundreds of thousands and

this too in the privacy of their

homes without their having to

submit to lndelicate question-

lnga and offensively repugnant

examinations.





Sick women are invited to consult Dr.

Pierce by letter FREE. All correspond-

ence held as sacredly confidential. Ad-

dress World’s Dispensary Medical Asso-

ciation, R. V. PIERCE, M. D., President,





" Buffalo, N. Y.





DR. PIERCE’S GREAT FAMILY DOC-

TOR BOOK, The People’s Common Sense

Medical Adviser, newly revised up-to-

date edition—1,000 pages, answers IN

PLAIN ENGLISH hosts of delicate ques-

tions which every woman, Single or mar-

ried, ought to know about. Sent FREE, In

plain wrapper to any address on receipt

of 21 one-cent stamps to cover mailing

only, or in cloth binding for 31 stamps.





”SAVE-THE-HORSE"SPAVINCURE.





REC; TRADE _ MAR“.





 





   





UNITED STATES POSTOFTICE.

Fredericktown, 0., Sept. 22, 1908. I have been using your

splendid preparation and with the best of results. I have

used 9 bottles all told on different horses and found it splen-

did. [have a four-year»old that I have taken wind pufls efl‘

of and have driven her hundreds of miles on my tr ps; have

been oflsrsd $250 for her, as she is a well-bred one. i pur-

chased “Seve-the-Horle" of druggisthli‘. F. Hosack.



P W. PLUIMEN.

General Teaming, 18'? North Third Street, Phila-

delphia, Pa,~—I can give it the belt recommendation, used it

on thoroughpln and bone spuvin with great success. Both

horses are used every day at the hardest kind of work, which

is a great thing among horsemen. As the saying goes, "8on

ing is believing." HARRY iii. BOBB.





s m a bottleuvltb legal written guarantee or contract. Semi



for copy, booklet and letters from business men and



trainers on every kind of case. Permanently eons Spull

'l'horonghgin, ll n on (except low), Curb. Splint, Cap



flock, Windy-1 , hoe Inland Taadona and all Masts. No



scarorloss of hair. Horse works as usual. ‘Denler: or Express





lad. Eloy Chg-loll C... 80 Commercial am. Bloch-Ion. K. I.





Make Big Money

Training Horses!





Prof. Beery,Kin2 of Horse Tamers and Trainers.

has retired from the Arena and will teach his

wonderful system to a limited number. by mail.





$1200 to $3000 a Year

At Home or Traveling





Prof. Jesse Beery is no-

knowledfied to be the world'a

master oreemen. His ex—

hibitions of taming man-

killing horses. and conquer-

inghorsesof all dispositions





 





 

 





have thrilled vast audiences

everywhere.



He is now teaching his

marvelously su c c e e s f ul

methods to others. His sys-

tem of orse Training and

Colt Breaking opens up a

most attractive money-making field to the men who

meters its aim le prmcxples.



nipetent orse Trainers are in demand every-

where. Pcosle glad?! puy $16 to $25 a head to have

horses tame , trnine cured of habits—to have colts

broken to harness. A good trainer can always keep

his stable full of horses.



f you love trnvcl. here is a chance to soothe

world. iving exhibitions and making large profits.

You wifi be surprised to learn how little it costs to

get into the Horse-Training profession.



Write and Prof. Beery vnll send you full partiou.

late and handsome book about horses—FREE. Addreu





Prof. Jesse Beery. Box 43 Pleasant Hill. Clio





 





 

   

 





   





(Sold with or without Elevator.) ,1 , ,

CRUSH ear com—with or without y ' t '

simcks—and cnmn all kinds of .w’flull‘

smallgmins. Uaa Conical snap. \ 'n, ' ,x

Grinders. Diflzrentfrom allatlurJ‘. ' 'r,





LIGHTEST RUNNING ' ,





Handy to operate. 7 lines Etc

25 h. p. One size {or windwhec use. i .

Also make Sweep Grinder-.coarod an- ' aln





DJIJ’ BOWSifl-ZR (30.. Bonus Bend. ind.





 





 





 





 





   

   





 





Always mention the Michigan Farmer

when writing to advertisers.





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. JAN. 2, 1909.

WINTERING snoop MARES AND

- com-s. , '

fl





At this time of the year more than any

other, farmers who have more brood





.mares than they can give proper exercise





in harness or who have several weanlings

or yearlings are annoyed with troubles

which, if allowed to go unchecked, are

liekly to result in troubles of more serious

import. . 13



Perhaps one of the troubles most

common during the winter is indigestion

which, if not attended to atuonce is likely

to be followed by colic and perhaps death.

This trouble, as a rule, is caused by lack

of proper exercise and improper or care-

less feeding.



Too much hay is a prolific cause of in-

digestion, the hard woody fibre giving

the organs a task too difficult for them

to accomplish. Too much grain, or grain

so mixed as to make an unbalanced ra-

tion will also bring on indigestion, while

an entirely proper amount of the

right kind of feed will not insure against

such attacks if a proper amount of ex-

ercise is not provided.



Indigestion makes its presence known

by symptoms too plain to be mistaken.

The horse or colt will, if in a box stall,

be found standing in one corner or

backed up against the wall. Occasionally

it will paw and at times appear to be

suffering slightly from colic pains.



If the subject is a mature horse about

the best treatment that can be given is

a dose of raw linseed oil, say about 12

ounces. Follow this up by giving after

each meal for four or five days a mixture

compounded as follows: Fluid extract

nux vomica, fluid extract _colocynthis,

Fowler’s solution of arsenic, one ounce

each. For a dose give 10 to 15 drops in

a little hot water, at the same time cor-

recting the conditions which were re-

sponsible for the trouble and which, as

before stated, will be found to be im-

proper feeding or feed and lack of ex-

ercise.



If it is a weanling or yearling colt that

needs attention castor oil will be found

to be full better than linseed oil to give,

and six to 10 ounces will be enough for

a dose, according to age and size of colt.

The medicine to follow after meals, too,

should be graduated to suit the condi-

tions.



Castor oil has, it should be remem-

bered, two effects; the first is in a lax-

ative direction; the second is constipa-

tory. It is well, therefore, when castor

oil is used to follow it up by a dose of

pure sweet or olive oil, say from four to

six ounces every other day for four or

five days. Even when linseed oil is used

it will be found to be not at all a bad

thing to do to follow it up with sweet Oil

as mentioned. '



Common sense is worth a lot more

than medicine in the case of mares and

colts provided it is put into use before

medicine becomes a necessity. In almost

every neighborhood one will be able to

see the difference betwen common—sense

care and careless neglect. On one farm

the horses and colts will look rugged and

healthy, the colts maintaining a satis-

factory growth thruout the winter while

the mares will finish the winter in the

thrifty condition that almost insures the

production of a fine foal.



On another farm, perhaps an adjoining

one, with everything on hand to enable

the owner to winter the mares and colts

as they should be wintered, will be seen

a lot of thin, unthrifty, undergrown colts

and the mares will look so poor and weak

as to make the production of strong, vig-

orous foals extremely problematical.





The difference, in such cases, is all in

the treatment given. In one case atten-

tion is given to the feeding and the

amount of feed given as well as to the

regularity with which it is given. The

value of exercise is not lost sight of, nor

is growing an unknown factor in the

treatment which the horses receive. Care

is taken to keep vermin from getting a

foothold and grooming is a preventive of

such a visitation.



On the other farm the conditions are

so nearly opposite to these referred to

that it is but natural to see opposite

results. On one farm horse breeding is

a money losing business; on the other it

is one of the money making branches.

And the thing that impressesone most

when contrasting the two methods is

that the money making way entails no

extra expense; merely the attention to

detail that should be given any business

in which one has money invested and

without which no business can be pro-

ductive of the best results.



New York. H. L. ALLEN.





   





 





 





THE icMIC-HI’G‘





CRUELTY TO ANIMALS.





 





The executive board of the Michigan

State Humane Society, at a recent meet-

ing, among other good moves appointed

a committee to investigatethe shipping

of live calves. A complaint was brot forth

against the railroad companies for not

providing the “necessary milk and mash

foods.” , '



If the board were farmers they would

readily understand that neither milk nor

rmash could be gotten down a poor home-

sick, frightened calf; one taken from its

mother and having always been used to

none but nature’s way or consuming its

food,.would simply bellow its unhappy

life away in starvation, with the cold

milk and mash untouched which the rail-

road company might have set before it.



We are happy to know a few humane

farmers who, rather than sell to the

heartless shipper, stand willing to receive

less per pound for their veal, insisting

the' animal be slaughtered at home or

directly at the place of taking, and we

pray the time to hasten when this feel- '

ing of abhorrence of heartlessness be

general amongst the farmers. It is sad

enough fact that the selfish appetite of

the human family require the slaying of

the innocent when the work is done as

painlessly as possible, to say nothing

about the dark days of cruel, unnecessary

torture that the human (I hesitate at

the word “‘human”), family bring upon

these poor helpless creatures.



We need look for no reformation by

way of the railroad companies or the

stock buyers. Those who can deliber—

ately and in cold blood place young

calves in cars with older cattle to be

jostled about in their long ride to Buf-

falo, which is done in our town, necessi-

tating absence of food for days, and listen

heartlessly to their pitcous moans, surely

are past redemption, and there are not

words in 'any language strong enough to

express the abhorrence the honest,

straightforward farmer should feel at

such behavior.





Washtenaw Co. A FARMER’S WIFE.





 





 





MEAT CONSUMPTION IN THE U. S.





 





That meat consumption per capita has;

declined in this country since 1840 is;

plainly indicated. There is some ground,

for believing that at that time meat con-

stituted about one-half of the national

dietary in terms of total nutritive units

consumed, whereas now it constitutes

about one-third.



The average private family of 1900

contained 4.6 persons, and this family:

consumed on the average of 855 pounds

of dressed weight of meat, or 680 pounds

of edible meat in the dressed weight.

Upon adding to the 680 pounds the weight

of the edible parts not included in dressed

weight, the average family consumption

of edible meat was 840 pounds.



In terms of meat and its products sub-

stantially as purchased by the consumer,

that is, the sum of the dressed weight and

of the weight of the edible parts not in-

cluded in dressed weight, the private

family in 1900 bot on the average 1,014

pounds of meat, or over half a ton. This

makes an average of 2.78 pounds per day.





 





Horses are once more being marketed

freely, and there is a normal demand for

most kinds at unchanged prices, with

heavy drafters leading in activity and

selling mainly at $170m>215 per head, while

a few extra heavy drafters of superior

quality have brot $22560250. Once in a

while an exceptional sale is reported.

such as that the other day of a pair of

fancy drafters to a Boston dealer at $770.

Feeders are taking some horses at $165

@210, and loggers for the Michigan camps

have been sold at $225@265. Drivers are

selling fairly at $1506j1350, and a few little

southern chunks are selling at $60@210.





.



Prime feeder lambs at $6.20 and $6.35

per 100 lbs. must appear high to sheep—

men who remlembcr how cheap such

flocks were a few months ago, but sup-

plies are no longer plentiful, and sellers

hold the reins now. A new feature is

the marketing of Idaho range lambs that

have been fed on alfalfa, several big

bunches of these having been purchased

in the Chicago market recently at the!

prices above mentioned. There is a lack.

of fat lambs among the daily receipts}

and it happens frequently that killers are

competitors against sheep and lamb feed-1‘

ers for lambs, thus causing prices to rule:

above the views of many intending buy-‘

ers from feeding districts. Iowa feeding.

sections have been marketing many

thin flocks that must have made slender

returns to their owners, and many of

these flocks have been purchastd by other

feeders and returned to the country. A.

consignment of western lambs that had l.

been running in an Iowa corn field}

showed scab on their arrival in the Chi-

cago stockyards a few days ago and had

to be quarantined. Yearlings are better

sellers than sheep because they can be

substituted in the retail markets for

lambs, something that is done constantly. ‘





 





Get My





 

 

 





 





v

1 ..





AN FARM-ER:





 





 

 





Nitrate of Soda applied as a top dressing, pro-

duces not only more tons to the acre, but cleaner

and higher grade





TIMOTHY





Test It for Yourself Entirely Free





Let us send sufficient Nitrate of Soda for you to try, asking

only that you use according to our directions, and let us know

the result. To the twenty-five farmers who get the best re-

Iults, we offer, as a prize, Prof. Voorhees' most valuable book

on fertilizers, their composition and how to use for different

crops. Handsomely bound, 327 pages.



Apply at once for Nitrate of Soda by post card, as this offer

Is necessarily limited. Grass Growmg for Profit,” another

book of useful information, will be _sent free to farmers while

the present edjnon lasts, if paper IS mentioned in which this



vertisement is seen.





S and name and complete address on put card

III. S. MYERS. Dlmiov, John Simi and 11 Nassau. In York





WDRMS





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can.“ .;\ , \

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~\\ s. .. 'uv"4 “

m Jaw ”I: A‘

‘3“ .117





   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





THAT’S the cause of your hog losses—NOT cholera.

WORMS—VVORMS—lVORMS—hundreds of them,

thousands of them, radually, surely killing your

hogs; _k1l1mg their power 0% digestion, killing their power

of ass1milation—STARVING them so they CAN’T'make

weight—so they’re a prey to all kinds of‘disease.





If you could SEE the intestines of most of your hogs—THEN you'd

understand why you lose them. It's been PROVEN that 90 per cent of

38540353; are due k; WOIigfi'tfind YOUR hogs fwill not escape if you



0 preven or e worms ri ht rom the start. SAVE

YOUR HOG PROFITS. g





Iowa Worm Powder





will positively kill the worms with one to three feeds, and IOWA STOCK

FOOD Will keep your hogs in a prime. healthy condition until marketed.





THIS man knows:

Warsaw, Minn., Aug. 3, 1908.

Iowa. Stock F0 )(1 00..

Jefierson, Iowa.





Gentlemen:—I received sample of your

worm powder—got it into action and GOT

RESULTS. I am now prepared to believe

anything you say about worms.





F. ‘V. HUBBARD.





FREE—If you‘ve never used Iowa Worm

Powder you can secure a $1 package of it

Fltlili by sending us 25c for postage and

packing. Take advantage of this offer NOW

and insure your hog profits.





Iowa Stock Food Co.

. Dept.M-. Jefferson. la. '





Does the Cows

grill, ap of Good





 





 





 





 

 





Cow comfort and cow sanitation result in more

cow profits, and that alone should induce any

farmer or dairyman to seek in ese conditions.

London Sanitary Steel Stalls and Stanch-

ions double the light and air in a barn and insure

erfect ventilation, perfect sanitation—a result;

Impossible with any wooden equipment. Yet





LOUDEN STALLS AND STANGHIUNS





are actually cheaper. Louden stalls of heavy

tubular steel. with malleable fittings. have no

flat surfaces for dust to accumulate—easy to keep

clean and almost indestructible,



Louden stanchions give cows more comfort

than other makes. yet keep them perfectly lined

up. Throat chains prevent cows from lying

down when milking. Simple and very durable.

Latch easily opened or closed with gloved hand,

but can’t be opened by animal. Send today

for free catalogue of sanitary, money-saving

barn equipment.





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Price The Lowest





Ever Made





an a First-Glass Manure Spreader

Yours to Try Free My NEW Roller-"Feed Spreader.

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Let me tell you something - I'm mak-

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on Box Spreader so low that farmers all "

over the country are taking notice-—

and sending in their orders w ile they can

get them at this figure. The name—-





GA LLO WA Y





is a guarantee of ,manure spreader excel-

lencefa.” agar til: United States—and every

one o my res ers is backed b in



Gold Bond. p y 1 ”5,000



Here are lour things to remember in connection



with the OllIoWay: I. W: the only successful

wagon box Spreader in the U.S. 2. It has 7 distinct,

separate, original patents. Nothin else like it—or

on good. They alone make it wort 825 to 830 more

than any other. a. My own Factory turns ’em out—

upacity, Seventy Complete Spreaders a. day. 4. I

make you a. price that ulls them. That price is the

lowoot ever made on o flnt-cl-u Manure Spreader.

_ But before you risk one cent on my Spreader I

send it to you to try 30 days tree.

.The Galloway Wagon Box Spreader fits any truck





‘ Tho Wm. Galloway 00.,





   

 

 

   

 

   

 

   

   

   

 

   

   





 





   

 





     

 





 

   

 





 





’ GallflwaYUo

, 7 1“”: ,





 

   

 

 





 

 





 

 





 

 





 





 

 





 

 





   





$28,000 Guarantee

or high~wheei wagon and is made in 4 sizes, up to

70 bushels. My big, f‘ree Spreader Catalo and my

Special Red Hot Proposition are waiting or you—

Spend a cent for a. postal fade. and get your name

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profits. Write me anon-ll -—TODAY.

m. allow-.y, resident





649 Jefferson so, Waterloo, la.





   

   

   

   

   

   

     





‘ivim'hrmmwe‘mmu. ASKAI‘I‘oOnUIm-‘xub . 4... » .
V--.a.‘_‘:. ,.,





 





'6 "(‘6)"





 





YYYYYYVYYVVYYVVYYYYVVV.YV





i VETERINARY





 





 





MAAAAAAAAMAAAAAALAAA





' CONDUCTED BY DR. W. C. FAIR.

CLEVELAND, OHIO.





Advice thru this department is free to

our subscribers. Each communication

should state history and symptoms of the

case in full; also name and address of

wrater. Initials only will be published. In

acute cases, Where we believe that im-

mediate treatment will be necessary. re-

ply will be made by return mail, free.





 





 





Fibrous Bunch on Fetlock.—I have a

3-year—old ox which has a bunch about

the size of a hcn's egg on outside of fet-

lock. It appeared about two months’

ago, but did not produce lameness until

a week ago. J. D. 0., Lupton, Mich.-—

Apply iodine ointment night and morning.



Loss of Appettite.—-I have a hog nine

months old that appears to have lost his

appetite. What had I better give him?

A. B., Cedar, Mich.—Give 5 grs. quinine

three times a day.



Indigestion—Torpid Kidneys.*My 9-

year—old mare has been troubled oc-

casionally with colic and a stoppage of

the water. A. S.. New Baltimore, Mich.

——Give 1/2 oz. ground ginger, 17¢; oz. ground

gentian, 1 oz. powdered charcoal ,at a

dose in feed twice a day. Also give 1A2

oz. powdered rosin at a dose in feed once

a day.



Bruised Heel.——I' have a young mare

much valued for her road qualities which

bruised her heel badly several weeks ago.

Her heel is feverish and tender, causing

lameness. C. R., Stockbridge, Mich.—

Apply antiphlogistine twice a day; this

will take out inflammation. If her heels

are high lower them and if she is inclined

to over reach and bruise them, protect

the parts with a felt quarter boot.



Rheumatism.—My 6—year—old horse is





troubled with a general so‘i‘encss and

stiffness affecting all four quarters of

body. His appetite is all right. J. H. C.,





Fountain, Mich—Give 1/2 oz. citrate pot-

ash at a dose in feed two or three times

a day. Feed him enough well salted bran

mash or vegetables to kccp his bowels

open. Also keep him warm and comfort-

able.



Acidity of Stomach—My cows are in-

clined to chew boards and bones. also eat

what they should lcavo alone, instcad of

eating wholesome food. \‘\'hat .can 1

give them to change their taste? G. B.,

Coopersville, Mich.~—Your cows suffer

from acidity of stomach. Give each cow

2 Ozs. bicarbonate soda, 1 oz. ginger, 1A,

oz. gentian, and 1 oz. powdcrcd charcoal

at a dose in feed twice a. day; also feed

some vegetables. ~



Leucorrhoea.——My 15—year-old mare has

failed to get Willi foal during the past

two years. She comes in heat regularly,

seems to be healthy, but has a discharge.

Have given her lots of slippcry elm. l5.

1). C., Cassopolis, Mich.~Give 1,; oz.

powdered sulfate iron, 1 oz. bicarbonate

soda at a dose in feed night and morn-

ing. Also drop 1 oz. sulfate zinc, 1 oz.

acetate lcad in 3 (its. tepid water and

wash out vagina once a day. This is bcst

done thrn a small rubber tube with funnel

on one end.



Ring “'orm.—“'c have been troubled

with a disease affecting our cattle for

some time and I would like to have you

prescribc a remedy for it. Sorc patchcs

came around the eyes and soon spread

to diffcrcnt parts of thc.body, thc sores

are round and soon become bald. F. \V.

WK, Farwell, MiCh.—Apply iodine oint-

ment once a day. Your druggist can

supply you. Cover more area than is

diseased.



Mare in Heat Regularly but Pregnant.

———Have a mare 13 ycars old, scrved lattcr

part of July and bclicve her to he in foal,

altho she sliows a sort of semi-heat every

three weeks. 15 this an indication of

weakness, and if so what can I do? She

acted thc same way last ycar and hcr

colt liycd only 21 hours. \V. 13. IL. Tad-

man, h/Iltfll.~—'l‘ll(‘l‘t’ must be some uterine

irritation, perhaps caused by germs or a

subacutc inflammation of a low type that

causcs her to show the symptoms you

mention. She should have good care,

regular daily exercisc and be fed plenty

nutritious food. Drugs will not help

her much.



Shoulder Sweeny.il have a mare eight

ycul‘s old that is swccnicd in both should-

ers. Last March shc was driven too far

when in a soft, flabby condition, since

then she has ncvcr been right. At first

she was stiff but got bcttcr gradually and

then her shoulder lntlsclws bcgan to

shrink. \Vlien starting she goes a mite

sore but soon warms out of it; can she

be patched up? \V. It]. (3., Honor, Mich.

~—Your lnarc may have ln-cn foundcred

and ncver fully recovered from it; the

wasting of shoulder muscles are perhaps

the result of fOot soreness. Apply equal

parts aqua ammonia, turpentine, 1r. can-

tharidcs and swch oil to atrophiod mus—

cles twice a \\'(’(‘I\' or you can sai'cly use

any of the blisters advertised in this

paper.



Chronic Stockings—For some time my

grade percheron mare has been troubled

with stocking of hind leg. it causes no

lameness and is not sore. Our local Vet.

tells me that her blood is out of condi-

tion. C. W. W., Springport. Mich—No

well horse should stock; hOchcr, stock-

ing is always a result of some other ail—

ment. What is generally needed is tonics

and gland stimulants. Give 2 drs. Fowl—

er's solution and a tenspooni'ul syrup

iodide iron at a dose in feed three times

a day.

bOWels open and exercise her daily.



Mange—Periodic Ophthalmia.—For the

past two years my horse has been

troubled with a breaking out much like

mange. During the hot weather he

seems to be in perfect misery. Our local





Vet. falls to help him. I also havean-

other horse that has been troubled with

a sore eye for the .past three years. Our

Vet. has treated him since the 25th of

last June and now gives no encourage-

ment. G. W., Hudson, Mich.—Give

your horse 1 dr. Fowler’s solution and

1,5 oz. sarsaparilla at a dose in feed night

and morning. Keep up this treatment

for five or .six weeks and apply 1 part

coalvtar disinfectant and 15 parts water

to sore parts of skin once a day. Now

regarding your other horse I am inclined

to think that your Vet. has perhaps done

all that can be done for him; however,

you may try giving him 2 drs. syrup

iodide iron twice a day, this may possibly

absorb the unnatural tissue or effusion

in eye.



Indigestion -— Stocking — Distemper.—1

have five brood mares one of which seems

to stock in hind legs quite badly. I am

quite certain she is in real. I also have

a 3-year—old filly that had distemper last

spring still has some discharge from nose.

Also is there a remedy for “whites” in

brood mares? R. P. R., Caro, Mich.—

Have your druggist mix equal parts

powdered sulfate iron, gentian, ginger,

cinchona and rosin and give a dessert

spoonful to each breed mare that is out

of condition night and morning for ten

days, then once a day. Give the filly

that had distemper, 1 dr. powdered sul-

fate copper. 15 oz. ,ground gentian at a

dose, in feed three times a day. Chronic

leucorrhoea, “whites,” is not easily cured.

Drop a dram permanganate potash in ya

gal. tepid water and wash out vagina

once a day until the discharge ceases.

There are many other astringents that

are equally as good. Oil sandalwood is

a good internal remedy. However, it is





(Continued on page 19).





 





 





216K LAWH FARM

entitle:imi-





Three large importations for 1908, greatly

exceeding in numbers those of any other im-

porter and including the tops of all the great

breeding establishments of France. Many

noted prize winners. Safest gfiarantee.

Most reasonable prices. Remember, that

whether you want mares are stallions, colts

or matured animals, Oaklawn is today and

always has been headquarters for the best

Next large importation to arrive Dec. let.





PEHGH‘EHOHS and

FHEHGH GOAGHEHS





W. S., J. B. 8 B. DUNIIAM,

Wayne, Du Page County. Ills.





 





 





 





 





S. C. BLACK MINORCA Cockerels and 1 cock

bird, also 6 pullets. It to $1.50 each. Nice large

birds. D. C. HUGGE’I‘T. Grand Ledso. Mich.





Owl Brand Pure notion Seed Neal

49 Percent Proioin and Fa . HHS/$312 soi°§dooxfii

No. 11 and prices. I". W. 330]”! b 00.. Memphis. Tenn.





 





2mm





'wSHORTHORN‘B'ULLS





Of the Very Finest Quality.

Prices Right.





Meadow Brook Stock Farm, Rochester, iilcii.

' EnnENusm FARM ’





 





EDWIN 8. GEORGE, Owner.

Rams and Ewes for Sale.

WRITE FOR PRICES T0





ROBERT GROVES. Shepherd.





R. F. D. No. 3. Pontiac. Mich.





XFORD Rams from and ewes bred to Grand

Champion Imported obbs ram. Hsmptonlsn

24, for sale. B. F. M LLEB, Flint, Michigan.





 





 





AMBOUILLET-Flock founded 1892 with 40 ewes

selected from one hundred registered ewes of tho

but breeding possible. J. O. A. COOK,Morrlce,Micn.





SHHOPSHIHE HALL SIOGK FAHM.





Choice yearling rams. and ram lambs, also year-

ling ewes. and ewe lambs, type and quality our aim.

nothing finer this sids of the water. Also choicely

bred Berkshires. \



L. S. DUNHAM d: SON. Concord. Michiunn.





HBOP. BREEDING Ewes bred to high class rams

very cheap now. Also Beef-Milk Sher-thorns.

and P. C. Swine. M. B. Turkeys. Write today for

price list F. Maplswood Stock Farm, Alleged. Mich.





 





 





 





 





‘ Raise Them Without Milk.

GAL Es Booklet Free.

«I. E. BARTLETT 00., Jackson. moi:





 





 





Genasco

. Ready Roofing





is made of Trinidad Lake

Asphalt.



The ancient Egyptians knew

the waterproofing value of nat-

ural asphalt, and used it in stone-

work construction.



Modern Egyptians use Gen—

asco Ready Roofing bec ause

they know its value. They know

that Trinidad Lake Asphalt

makes Genasco absolutely water-

proof and wonderfully enduring.

A written guarantee backed by

a thirty-two-million—dollar com-

pany is in every roll



Mineral or smooth surface.





Ask your dealer for Genasco, and don’t take

_a substitute. Be sure the Genasco trade-mark

is on every roll. “'ritc for Book (10‘ and

samples.





THE BARBER ASPHALT

PAVING COMPANY





Largest producers of asphalt. and largest

manufacturers of ready roofing in the world.





PHILADELPHIA





 





Bandage leg in cotton—keep hcr,





 





 





New York San Francisco Chicago





 





 





 





CAN YOU SELL

A 6000 TOOL T0 mun NEIGHBORS?





“ Wire fence stretcher, cutter and splicer,

press, liftingjack, post. and stump pull—

er, and a number of other tools all in

one, which are needed the year around.

No experiment. Thousands now in use.

Write for special proposition given agents.





 





 

   





 

 





l “v

72149





 





 





 





1 HEGISIEHED IMPORTED LAHBE Si‘iHISH JACK





FOR. SALE REASONABLE 8 YEARS OLD.

I. M. STARKWEATHER.» Nonhvflln. Michigan.

pERCHERONS—s weanling stallions:

one 3-year-old and 2



yearling mares. B. OVERHOLT, Dutton, Mich.

TOBACCO sittings and stems. Used by

loading sheep rsisers for



stomach:wcrms. By greenhouse men for smudgesvto kill



plant lice. Swisher Bros..0i¢ar Mfrs..NewaI-k.0.





BREWER? DIREC'NIIY.

cams.

Ayrshire Calves for Sale. m%2.’%.‘35.°1





few yearling bulls. bred with greatest care. Berkshire

Pigs—stock from Lovsjoy a Son and C. 8. Bartlett.

Write for prices. Inspection solicited. MICHI-

GAN SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF, Flint. Mich.





HICKORY GROVE STOCK





HolstoIn-anm- mm. o... T....p...........

B. 1, Oak Grove. Leiv. 00., Michigan. Bell phons





HOLSTEIN FRIESIAN iii."c”§.?.‘i§bfi‘lr§§l§§§





Royal King. W. B. JONES,Oak Grove,R. No.3.Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





H068.





LARGE English Berkshire Bears ready for service.

also choice Gilts at farmers' prices. Levi J.

Winn. Eaton Rapids. Mich., 3.11.3. Bell phone 268 GR-





-—A few good boars by King

Berkshires Premier 12th. Extra fine

individuals. A. A. PATTULLO. Deckerville; Mich





BERKSHIRE SOWS £5. .33. o}





MASTERPIECE for spring fax-row Also a few

extra choice young boars of equally rich breedinz.

C. D. WOODBURY. Lansing. Mich.





BERKsmnEs—Sows bred to Loncfollow’s Duke.

and our new herd boar Prime Bacon

9861 1. a great son of the noted Lord Bacon. and

of intense Masterpiece breeding. Guernsoys.

M. B. Turkeys. B. Ply. Rocks. Pekin Ducks.

Bupp Farms, Birmingham, Mich. G. C. Hupp. Mgr.





LAHGE ENGLISH BEHKSHIHES





Have fine lot of spring pigs. Most of them sired by

Premier Victor 95290. grandson of Lord Premier

50001. tho breeding so much sought after. Pigs not

overfed.iust the‘kind to do the farmer most good.





r. A. BYWATER. Memphis. Mich.

HOIHEI‘IEHH GHOWH IEHKSHIHES.





CROFT FAR. M. Sidnaw. Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





l [lope To Sell Before Christmas,





25 Registered Holstein Cows, 2 to 8 years old. due to

freshen soon, 9 Bulls from A. R. 0. dams. Ready for

service. Don’t wait, but write or come quick.



L. E. CORNELL. Fayette. Ohio.





TOP NOTO H HOLSTEINS





We have llTop Notch” young Holstein Bulls that

combine in themselves the blood of cows that now

hold. and in the past have held, world’s records for

milk and butter fat.



One of them could impart the rare qualities of

these great ancestors to all their oflbpring in your

herd. Cost nominal considering benefit secured.

Why not "build up"? “The Best" is cheapest. .



McPHERSON FARMS 00.. Howell. Mich.





HOLSTEIN-FBIESIAN BULLS (registered) of





the best breeding. Both calves and yesrlings.

I. M. SHORMAN, R. D. 6: Phone. Fowlerville. Mich.





H ER EFORD$=‘R‘:‘€J§."ii.‘i.°;H:::E

China hogs. R. E. ALLEN. Paw Paw. Mich.

man PilLLEl) nuns. t::r.iz‘:;§$3“.iit.‘lii

sows. John Berner dz Son, Grand Ledge, Michigan.



OLLED DUBHAMS & SHORTHORNS for sale.





Good milkink strains. Will please our customers

in prices and quality. J. 8. Flint, Cement City, Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





ERSEY BULL CALF, born March 10.'08. Dsm’s

average yearly milk record 5 years 8526 lbs.: test



5 4-10 i. Sirs’s Dams rec. 10082 lbs. as 2-year-old test 5

2—101. Murray-Waterman 00., Ann Arbor. Mich. n.6,





JERSEY BULL CALVES ;;?.:‘:.“:,.1;;°,:'g:,':

have a few choice bull calves from producing dams,





good ones. Price 335 to .50 each. I will guarantee

to please you. Colon C. Lillie. Coopersviile, Mich.





 





 





 





 





THE LEADER JACK COMPANY, Bloomfield, Ind.





'chxs AND MULESIP





Raise mules and get rich.

265 fine large jacks,jsnnets .

and mules 14 to 17 hands

high, weigh from 700 to

1.500 lbs . good ones. Cheap

now. Will pay a part of

buyer’s R. R. fare and ship-

ping. Stock guaranteed.

Write for prices today.



KBEKLER’S JACK FARM



West Elkton. Ohio.





 





 





Hovoy’s Cough and Heave Powders

are quickly and thoroughly ab-

sorbed by the secreting glands of

the lungs. You will notice the

wonderful exhilarating and cura-

tive qualities after the first few

doses. You will never regret a

trial. Send me one dollar and

.-' receive in return the treatment,

' l and if, after giving it a fair trial

you are not satisfied with the re-

sults, your money will be cheer-

W. M. HOVEY. Marshall, Mich.





 





fully refunded.





 





Gyphers lnsurable

incubaiors Fire-Prooied





Are not only guaranteed to Hatch mats and stronger

chinks than any other, but they minsursblo. Now

that the Firs Insunnss Companies have laid down

Rules you are not safe in buyiny any incubator that

does not bam- tha Insurance Label. Our I‘rss 21%

Page Book "plains. Address nun-at ofiiu.





 

 





 





 





OYPHERS INGUBATOR 00., Buffalo. N. V.

Boston. MIDI-3 New York City: chlesno. Ill.

Ksnsss cm. ”0.; Oakland. Gal.





 

 





Northern Grown Jorso s.

ROYCROFI‘ FARM. Sidnaw. Mic .





MARSTON FARM—JERSEY CATTLE.

'1‘. F. MARSTON. Bay City. Miohi‘un.

camels JERSEYS. H:‘.‘i:§t.fii§."§.’§“'n§%li§





CLARENCE BRISTOL. B. No. 2. Fulton. Mich.





 





 





 





ONTEREY STOCK FARM. Rod Polled Cattle.

Bulls at Heifers 10 to 14 months. Cows all ages.

prices low. E. BRACKE'I‘T. Allegan, Michigan.





Francisco Farm Shorihorns



Three choice, dark red, richly bred. young bulls,



from 8 to 16 mos. old. They are good enough to head



pure bred herds and are priced worth the money.

P. P. POPE. Mt. Piensnnt. Miohicnn.





. B. CROUSE STOCK FARM,

ARTLAND. MICH.. breeder of SHORT-

HORN CATTLE. Have all ages, both sexes.

Color—reds and mean Quality and prices right.





 





 





' I have 4 boars farrowed in Fsby.

Chad" WIHIBS. long bodied, growthy fellows. Am;

March and April far-row, either sex. Also a choice

yearling boar. W. 0. WILSON, Okemos. Mich. .





 





ADAMS BROS. ilPROVI’D CHESTER WRITE—Won more

premiums in '08 than any other herd in Michigan. lo

choice boars ready for service. Gilts open or red to Junior

Champion boar of lichlgan. ADAMS BROS, Liiehfisld. Mich.





IMPROVED CHESTER WHITES.





Bears ready for December service, price 015 each.

Gills bred for April farrow, price .20 each. Satiso

faction guaranteed or money back.



' COLON C. LILLIE. Coopersville, Mich.





 





 





0 I C from premium stock all sold except a few

- - 0 October pigs. Hood's Stone House Stock

Farm. H. N. Hood. C. Phone 761-812. Adrian. Mich.





 





0 I c " PEEIIUM STOCK." Choice bosn ready for



. o . service. K 08 next 30 days. Glsnwood Stock



Fam—OPEOLT BROS" Zooland, Michigan, 3. 6. Phone 04



0 l Spring hours all sold have a few choice gilt. left to

o n o be bred for spring furrow. Satisfaction guaranteed



or your money back. A. NEWMAN, B. No. l, Mal-latte, Mich.





PAY THE EXPRESS on Duroc Jersey Hogs and

Shepherd Dogs. Satisfaction guaranteed or mon-

ey back. J. H. Banghart, Lansing, Mich. Phone 105-2.





 





 





 





UROC JERSEY BOABS reg. from one to thrss

years old. Also pigs either sex. All ages. Sat-

isfaction Guaranteed. . B. COOK. Paris. Mich.





 





DUROC Jersey of size and quality. 40 Boats ready

for service. 50 sows at Farmers Prices. Satis-

faction Guaranteed. J. C. Barney. Goldwater. Mich,





UROC J EBSEYS—Bosrs ready for service. Bows

open or bred. Pigs at weaning shipped C. O. D.

L. R. KUNEY. Bell Phone 131. Adrian, Mich.





BARGAINS IH PilLAHll-GHIHAS





either sex, big bone. lots of size. with best of breeding,

one male pig by Spellbinder a prospECt. Buff Bock

poultry, everything priced to sell.



WM. WAFFLE. J If... Goldwater. Mich.





—Bi b d lfi ;

POLANll CHINAS mi. .335.) ‘33.}. °lm.‘.’.f’.‘.’i’.

ately. A. R. GRAHAM. Flint, Mich.





MICHIGAN HEADQUARTERS £851.13.





Two herd boars bred by Peter Mouro. for sale. Bred

sows, pigs not akin. J. C. BUTLER, Portland, Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





Francmco Farm Poland-Chinas

Now offering 20 grand young sows to be bred for Apl

and May furrow. P. P. POPE, Mt. Pleasant. Mich.





P. c. BOARS and sows :33; 13:.

quality. woon a; sous, Saline. Mich.

PECIAL SALE of large. good style, prolific. young





and mature Poland China Bows bred to extra

heavy boned boars. Robert Neve. Pierson, Mich





 





 





 





Reg. Shorthorn Bull Calves for“ sale.





WILLARD HALL. B. F. D. No. 1. Martin, Mich.





POLAND-CHINA Gilts, bred. Light Brahma. B.

P. Rock and White Wyandotte cockerels for

sale. E. D. BISHOP, Route 38. Lake Odessa, Mich.





 





 





SH EEP.





 





. ' both sexes)

Reglsiorod meolns g... 0......

Whites for sale. 11. A. DANIELLS,Clio, Mich.





Lincoln Shoep--0hoster Swine. Egg?”





 





Writs or phone; A. H. WARREN. Ovid, Mich.





LARGE ENGLISH YORKSHIRES.





Very prolific, large boned. vigorous April boar pigs

ready for fall service 815 each. April Gilts bred to far.

row next spring 020 each. Your money back if you am

not satisfied. Gown 0. LILLIE. Coopersville. Mich.





 





 





"Saw your ad. in the Mrcnxea

JUSI Say Funun" when writing advertiser};





I





SHROPSHIRES'





 





 





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M





- imize the daily output.





7v





 





 





IN THE POULTRY

HOUSE.





DAMPNEss





 





Dampness in the poultry house during

the winter months curtails egg produc-

tion and impairs the health of the flock.

No matter how painstaking one may be

in feeding and caring for the fowls ex-

cessive dampness in the house will min-

In regions where

the weather is more or less variable

during the winter months, and where it

is necessary to keep the poultry closely

confined, excessive dampness is apt to

collect on the siding. Its most noticeable

effect is its-influence on the temperature.

The more dampness in the atmosphere

the heavier the air and the greater its

influence on the temperature of animal

life. In the northern part of this state

the temperature frequently falls to —30

degs. Fahr. but does not seem as cold

as a temperature of 10 degs. b'elow- zero

in the central or southern counties. This

noticeable variation is accounted for by

the amountof humidity in the atmos-

phere. The same law applies to the

temperature in the poultry house. If

the atmosphere is more or less saturated

the temperature seems a great deal more

severe to fowls and animals than if the

air is light and dry.



There are numerous means of detect-

ing dampness in the poultry house. An

experienced poultryman will notice its

presence immediately on entering the

house, because of his keen sense of feel-

ing. The inexperienced poultryman, per-

haps, must rely more upon other indi-

cations. The first sign of dampness is

the appearance of frost upon the siding

in the morning and again in the evening.

If the dampness is excessive the litter

will also give evidence of it. The win-

dows will be more or less frosty. But

perhaps the most striking evidence is

seen in the sluggish condition of the

fowls.



There are several reasons why damp-

ness may accumulate in the poultry

house in 'winter. Poor ventilation is one

of the common causes. Ground floors are

very productive of dampness, as they

are constantly sweating. Crowding too

many fowls into limited quarters is also

a common cause and one which perhaps

produces more of this trouble than any

other. Poor leaky roofs is another of

the frequent causes. It is an impos-

sibility to keep the poultry house dry and

comfortable when water from melting

snow, or from rain, drips down thru the

roof.



If the direct cause of dampness is im-

proper ventilation, some means should

be provided whereby the impure air can

be properly removed and a fresh supply

furnished without incurring drafts. For

a small poultry, house I know of no better

or more eflicient means of supplying ven-

tilation than by the use of muslin. The

muslin can be tacked over the spaces

occupied by the window sash. In case

the building is well constructed good ven—

tilation will thus be secured without

drafts.



Where too many fowls have been

crowded together they should be divided

into smaller flocks and given 'more room

for exercising. An earth floor in the

poultry house answers very well if the

building is so located as to give good

drainage. It is an excellent plan where

a ground floor is depended upon to fill

in until it is 8 or 10 inches above the

level outside, thus lessening the danger

of dampness accumulating from this

source.



Where it is the intention to handle

poultry for winter egg production it is

advisable to double wall the poultry house

thruout, leaving a dead air space between

the outer and the inner wall. This air

space materially assists in checking frost

from coming thru and accumulating on

the inside of the poultry house. One of

my poultry houses is double walled and

I have never observed any indications of

frost on the inside of this building, even

in the coldest weather. I have another

house with only one course of siding

but lined with tarred paper. While this

answers the purpose very well, I secure

my best results from the double-walled

house. It is a great deal easier to con-

trol dampness in a double—walled poultry

house than in any other kind. .



There is indeed very little use in trying

to secure winter eggs from poultry kept

in a damp house. If the building is im-

properly constructed it should be re-





K ‘ in some way.

to great advantage in. any poultry house hasten the solidifying of honey.

I have used and cold also haVe the undesired effect‘ of





during the winter months.





air-slacked lime and find it an excellent aiding in this.

At the‘present time I am tions for preserving honey are found in

using rock phosphate and secure from a place that is warm, dry and dark, sim-

Any absorbent llar to the inside of a beehive.





absorbent.





it about the same results.

that will take up dampness will answer

the purpose.

be practiced and especially during var-

iable weather.





Shiawassee Co. L. C. REYNOLDS.





 





KEEPING LICE IN CHECK.





 





Much of the matter appearing in poul-





try and farm journals deals with the home of the bee-keeper, in certain medi-

methods and practices of raisers of large cines,





flocks, generally telling of successes at-

tended by few failures. This, of course,





is all right, but as" we all must reach well known that this food, without rend-





Success thru experience, we must all





meet with more or less discouragement gestive work on the part of the stomach,

Even excites

with those who think they have learned force and tone to the vital functions, and





before, we can attain this point.





it all there are chances for what is com-





monly known as “bad luck" occasionally. habits or those doing much headwork.

By all poultry raisers, whether on a large All





or small scale, the motto, "Ever vigilant”

should be strictly adhered to.





The worst thing the writer has had to use it daily.

New Jersey.





deal with in her experience with poultry

is lice. This pest, in my opinion, causes

more less, in one way or another, to the

farm flock, than any other. More dis-

eases spring from filth and its attendant

———lice—than people who do not study the

matter would believe. Mites seem to be

the commonest sort, and they are also

the easiest to get rid of, altho many

poultrymen say they can not get rid of

them. Where this is the case it is simply

because they do not try, or, if they do

try, it is in a half—hearted. slip-shod way,

and the effort usually ends with one ap-

plication of whatever remedy is relied

upon. If they will take a solution of one

pint of crude carbolic acid to a gallon

of kerosene, and spray the hen house

and any other place infested with the

lice, using it every week for several

weeks, and then once a month, it is pos-

sible to free any place of this pest. Just

before the chickens go to roost is the

best time to spray the henhouse. Be

sure to lift up the perches and spray well

around where they rest. Never use this

around nests where hens are sitting or

the eggs will not hatch. For treating

nests during the hatching season use

some good louse powder, of which there

are several in the market.

READER.





 





MICHIGAN POULTRY SHOWS.‘



From announcements at hand we make

the following list of poultry‘ shows yet

to be held in this state, location and dates

being given in each instance:



Lansing—Jan. 2 to 7.



Traverse City—Jan. 4 to 9.



Goldwater—Jan. 5 to 8.



Allegan—Jan. 6 to 9.



Croswell—Jan. 6 to 9.



Benton Harbor—Jan. 7 to 11.



Detroit, State Poultry Ass’n—Jan. 9-14.



Kalamazowaan. 11 to 14. V



FarWell—Jan. 12 to 15.



Saginaw—Jan. 13 to 17.



Port Huron—Jan. 20 to 23.



Houghton—Jan. 26 to 28.



Grand Rapids, West Michigan State

Poultry Association—Jan. 29 to Feb. 3.





 





HINTS 0N KEEPING EXTRACTED

HONEY.





 





When thoroly ripened honey has been

extracted it should be at once put into

bottles, cans or barrels. These must be

scaled up tight, and then put in a dry

place. It will, of course, soon candy,‘

or crystallize, but the flavor Will be re—

tained indefinitely, and the honey can bel

liquefied whenever it is needed for use.

Care must be exercised in melting the

honey as the flavor may be injured by

the application of too great heat. Of

course it will not be burned if it is not

heated hotter than boiling water, but the

application of so great a heat as this

rapidly drives off the flavor. Keeping

the package closed and applying a very

gentle heat—never above 150 degrees—is

the better way. Putting up the honey

in such packages as can easily be put

into warm water makes the liquefying

more convenient.



When reliquei’ying granulated honey,

place the receptacle containing the honey

into a vessel of water. Put a few thin

strips of wood between the bottoms of





the two vessels. The honey should be

kept heated for at least three or four





WHE MICHIGAN FARMER





modeled or carefully gone over with a hours (according to size of receptacle),

View to removing the source of trouble to insure perfect liquefying.

Absorbents can be used ules which are not thoroly dissolved will





Frequent cleaning should concentrated, easily assimilated food, of—





 

 





Any gran-





YOu’ll hit the bull’s eye

every time, after a little

practice, with a ‘ '





Light





Probably the best condi— STEVEN-y

You’ll find it always true to your

aim. And it shoots far and hits

hard. A Stevens is a rifle to .be

proud of—all





the other boys

1,, , ‘ willenvy you.

a 3 Send for the

’f Stevens Catalog

-— all about Stevens

Rifles, Shotguns, Pis-

tols. It tells you how

to choose and care for a

gun. Send so for postage.

And you’ll like Dan

Beard’s book “Guns and

Gunning”—all about the

Woods and the camp

about small game and

hunting an shooting.

,2oc paper





Honey in most any form is a healthful,





fered to man by nature, all prepared, ex-

tracted drop by drop from myriads of

flowers. Our ancestors made it their

favorite food. They knew no other sweet.

The introduction of beet sugar has les-

sened the use of honey, so the latter

is hardly ever found now except in the





and upon the tables of the few

who know and appreciate its virtues.

We should go back to honey, for it is





ering necessary any insalivation or di-





nervous energy, gives mental





cover, 01'





is very beneficial to persons of sedentary --stampe





’t.

supply you direct. on receipt of

catalog price.

J. Stevens Arms & Tool Co.

185 Grove Street

Chicopec Fells. Men.





who suffer from disorders of the

stomach,'who have difficult or bad diges-

tion or are subject to constipation, should





F. G. HERMAN.





 





 





 





 





Hatch Ililh the Least s'

Best For Chick ‘





That is Whathfi we guarantee you





I can do with t

Invincible Hatchol‘





Elli-{it and if it don’t produce more strong, healthy



hcks than anyotherincubator, regardless of pri ce,



send it back. 50-55; Size Only $4. 00. Same low



I. wices on larger Hatchers, Breeders and Supplies.

rite for 176- -page FREE catalogue.



The Unlt'ed Foctorloo 00.. DopI.X22 Cleveland. 0.





, SPECIAL 1011 ms WEEK. 09.2: ii‘ati':





Golden Wyandottes .15 00. Rose Comb White or

Brown Leghorns, 1000!: 10 hens $12. 00. Buff. Brown,

White Leghorn Okla. 01 to 01.50 each. Fine White

Wyandottes and Barred Rocks Ckls. large vigorous

fellows $1. 50 to 02.00 each. Also Turkeys. Geese

and Ducks. E. J. HflKINB. PIttsford. Mich.





RS. FLORENCE HOWARD. Petonburg, Mich.

Splendid White Rocks and Rose Comb White

Leghorns for 3:10.331 up. Eggs In season. Write wants.





 

 

   





 

 





is our new 3'

book in the

use of poultry rals--

ers. Keep account of

your eggs, chicks and

p1ofits. 0111 D iary 1

shows how and also tells about our new

Incubators. It tells w 11y our p1 ices are

so low. The Diary is free. Better write for

it today. Tell us if you are thinking of buy-

ing an Incubator and what size you want.

We pay freight. Geo. Ertel Co.. Quincy. ll].





‘ ’ 24° E“ $1 0

,. Incubator



.‘ Other sizes Incubators



and Brooders too low to





price here. Write .‘or our free

catalog and learn why we can





 





 

 

 





 





   

   

 





 

   





 





   

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





sell at such low prices. Why pay G

. . olden and Whlte Wyendottes. A nice

332?. Efiédpi;°i§.§”fin'fi‘f 31133; SILVER, lot of good cockerels still left. Satisfac-





tion Guaranteed. C. RI. Browning, Portland. Mich.





“AVE BRED Barred Rocks for 10 years. Have

few extra fine cockerols will sell

$1.25 each. Coop tree. Darrow Broa. Algonac, Mich.





FOR SAL -Pure Bred Form Raised B. 0.





Rhode Island Reds. Choice

Cockerels for sale. Eggs In season. Write your wants.

n. SHANKLAND, Ann Arbor,Mlch.. R. F. D.N





Our book will give you full particu-

lars and tell you how to raise poultry.





Reliance Incubator Co., Box 563. Freeport, ll].





and Save Money!





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

   





 





Concise, practical. How





. _ ’

Grenders



to make money with poul-



Book tryfduilnformation as to





bui t grad treat,-

men 0 iseases,

On Poultry etc. Fifteen at-

ctlve clil':omos “J



sixty prominentvarieties. 10c posipaid. I;

Fine. pure-bred stock and e gs at low ..

prices. GREII)ER’ S GER lCll)E——n

sure preventive and an en el lent disin-

fectant. B. H. GREIDER. Rhoomu. PI.





Hatch Chickens by





Btahl “Wood-



team on Han" and



" Excolnlor"



Incubators assure big hatches.

Well- built, reliable practical—-

thousandsin 11119.0 Cetaloguefree.





EEO. II. SIMIl, 30150 3 011mm,".





 





Single Comb Black Minorca Cocknrels gangs“:

pullets .150. R. W. MILLS. Saline, Mich.





   





 





 

 





Breeder: Block Minor-ca, Buff Orpington. R. I.

' Bed 01 62.2 while they last. Red cockerels

and pullets. Edwin E. Cornish. Edwnrdsburg. Mich





   

 

 

 

 





 





 





—the laying kind. 200 Cock-

s' 0' Brown l'Ehom: erels. 100 Pullets. 20 Hens. u





to 32 each. Best flock in Michigan. Send lo-dny.

FRED MO'I‘T. Lansing. Mich.





BARRED ROCKS—olec’iilfl‘mfii'eo'fifi

Great Layingr Strnln. Prices renuonoble. Order now.

CAVANAGH a KIT'I‘LE, R. 4, Lnnllngn MIch.





 





 





 





 





DOGS.





FOX AND WOLF HOUNDS





, of the best English strains In Ameri—

ca: 40 years experience In breedlng

these fine hounds for my own snort.

I nows offer them for sale.





 





 





and Almonds for 1909 contains 220 pages, with

. - many fine colored plates of fowls true to life.





 





 

 





It tells all about chickens, their care, diseases

and remedies. All about Incubators and howtc

operate them. All about poultry houses and

how to build them. It's rally on encyclopmdia

of chickendoni. You need it. Price only 15m.

0. c. SHOEMAKER, Box 594 .FBEEPOBT, ILL.





edn stamp for Catalogue.

T. B. IIIIIISPE‘III, Slbluy. Jackson 80., Mo.





COLLIES—Bren bitches and puppies



for sale. Stud dogs for ser-



vice. W. J. ROSS. Rochester. Mich.

FERRBTS.





5 000 Ferrel: Always buyMlchlgan In

1 rate, they are stronger and

live longer. Price list and circular free.

DeKleIne Bros. Box 41.Jamestown,MIch.





THE EXTRA EGGS





will soon pay for one of those

Automatic Self-Heating

Poultry Fountains. Keeps



water at the right tempera-

ture day and night in the

coldest weather and requires

less than a quart of oila

. week. Made of galvanized steel.

Absolutely safe. A long— —felt want

supplied. Every hen house needs one.





Price of one Heater complete, as illus'

tratcd, with two gallon tank $1.75





Agents and dealers wanted. Write at

once for C1rcul11r B, and testimonials.





0. A. S. forge Works, Saranac, Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





I Describes. Illustrates and Prices

"admin 8 catalog 50 vnrleties of Poultry. Tells how

to Breed. Feed and raise Poultry for profltxlves plans

for Houses. Diseases and thelr cures. and amass

of other useful Information, you need this book for

success. sent for 5cents. Glenwood Poultry Farm,

GEO.F .HARTMAN, Prop.. Box 46. Freeport, Ill.





 





 





 





 





   

   

 

   

 

   

   





 

   





   

 

   

 





   

 





 





 





r QUEEN INCUBATORS and BROODERS





hatch and raise chickens, better than other kinds. Nearly 90, 000 of

our Machines are proving this right along. They will do the same

for you. Write me for proof. With the Queen it. is easy to have

early “triers"and “broilers” when prices are the highest. Five

sizes, from 80 to 360 eggs. 88. 00 to $18 50 and I pay the freight.

Binding 5- Year Guaranty and 90 days Free Trial. Send today for

my free catalog.





Wickstrum. Box 22. Queen Incubator Co.. Lincoln. Nebr.





 





 





 





 





 





\
3%“ ~





s'.

. i'

f

5

i





 





'~ The '0 Michigan Farmer





 





 





ESTABLISHED 1843.





Till-2 LAWRENCE PUBLISHING co",

m AND PIOPRIETOIS.‘

so u 45Conne- Street nu", Ddreit. mu.

Trimaran!!! Must 4525." ,





Ni"! You: OFFICE—725 Temple Court Building.

Omcaeo Drums—1786 l‘irst Net'l Bank Building.

Ouvmuxn Osman—10114016 Oregon Ave. N. .





M. J. LAWRENCE . .............................. ...Preeident.

M. W. LAWRENCE .............. . Vice-President.

ill. L. LAWRENCE. ...Becretsry.

P. T. LAWRENCE ., .........Treeeurer.





I. n. warnnnorw gfi'swm'





 

 





 

 





 





0.1a. YOUNG ..............

nun'r wnnmu'rn "°"‘





I. K. fiOUGHTON ................... .13an mull".

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Two Years 104 Copies, petunia...“ $1.20





on mm ..... . ..................

Dustin summons 50 cents e you entreier posters.





 





Always send money by draft. postotlice money

order. registered letter. or by express. We will not

bereeponeible for money sent in letters. Address

all communications to. and make all drafts. checks.

and poetomce orders payable to. the Lawrence

Publishing Co.





RATES OF ADVERTISING:



to oentsper line agate measurement. or 5.60

per inch, each insertion. with a reasonable a count

on orders amounting to m or over. No adv't in-

serted for less than 01.20 per insertion.



W No lottery. quack doctor or swindling adver-

tisements inserted at any price.



Entered “1000!“! close matter at the Detroit.

Michigan. postoloe.





COPYRIGHT I908.

by the Lawrence Pub. Co. All persons erewerned

e elnst reprinting any portion of the contents

0 this lune without our written permission.





 





 





 





 





WE GUARANTEE to stop THE

MICHIGAN FARMER - Immediately

upon expiration of time subscribed

for, and we will pay all expenses for

defending any suit, brct against

any subscriber to The Michigan

Farmer by the publisher of any farm

paper, which has been sent after the

tme ordered has expired, providing



no notice is sent to us, before suit

is started.



Avoid further trouble, by refusing

to subscribe for any farm paper

which does not print,‘ in each issue,

a definite guarantee to stop on expir-

ation of subscription.



The Lawrence Pub. 00.,



Detroit, Mich.





 





 





 





DETROIT, JANUARY 2. 1909.

CURRENT COMMENT.





 





 





While there is al-

The Work of the ways a great deal of

Legislature. general interest in

every legislative ses«

sion, the work before the incoming leg-

islature which Will convene at high noon

on Wednesday next, is even more im-

portant than that which confronts the

average legislative body. Not only will

the regular work which is necessary to

every body of the kind engage their

attention, but a mass of new statutes

will be required to place our laws in con—

formity with the new constitution. A

great many people are prone to look upon

the changes made in our fundamental law

by the constituionai convention, as final,

but in many cases they are but the

groundwork, or basis for legislative ac-

tion, and the statutes under which they

will become effective have still to be

framed and passed by the incoming leg—

islature. This work, added to the ever-

increasing demand for legislation of all

kinds by the people and for the institu-

tions of a constantly growing state. will

make the deliberations of the legislature

of 1900 of more than usual importance

and COHSt-‘(ilit'ntly of more than usual

general interest to the whole people of

the state.



The strength of the farmer contingent

in the legislature has always Lccn a

patent and wholesome factor in previous

legislative scssions, and thcrv is cycry

reason to believe that it will be such in

the coming session. lint the rcprcscnt-

atives of the agricultural districts of the

state should huVo tho counsel as well as

the confidence of their constituents in

order to do the best possible work for

them. To that end all Farmer rcaders

in the state should recognize their obliga-

tion to follow the deliberations of the

legislative body closely and be prepared

to make their desires known to their rep-

resentatives in that body with regard to all

pending legislation in which they have

either a special interest from their loca-

tion or occupation or a general interest

as citizens of our great commonwealth.



We shall aim to keep in close touch

with affairs at the capitol during the

entire session, and make them a frequent

subject of comment, keeping our readers

advised with regard to pending legisla-

tion at all times to the best of our ability.

By devoting a little personal attention to





 





 





these . public 'rnatters iii- their own homes

and.,by diswssing them in theirvfarmers'

gaherings during "the, coming winter and

spring, the progressive members .of the

Michigan Farmer family will not only be

doing their duty as citizens, but discharg-





. ing as well a responsibiliy which they





owe to the men whom they have chosen

to represnt them at the coming legisla-

tive session.

The quarantine order in

AModified force against Michigan due

Quarantine. to the outbreak of foot and

mouth disease has been con-

ditionally modified by the officials of the

U. S. Department of Agriculure so as to

afford a measure of relief to the farmers

and shippers of the state. The new

order, which went into effect on‘Monday

of this week, prmits the interstate ship-

men of live stock for immediate slaughter

to pointsoutside of Michigan, except

from the counties of Wayne, Monroe,

Washtenaw, Oakland“‘and Macomb, and

the shipment into the state of feeding

stock from territory not under quarantine

restrictions, except into the county of

Wayne. It also permits the shipment

of hay, straw, and other fodders out of

the state, except from the five counties

above enumerated, and the shipment of

hides and pelts under prescribed regu-

lations.



The conditions under which this order

was issued are that the‘state authorities

effect and maintain a rigid quarantine

of the five counties named, so as to,

prevent any possible spread of the infec-

tion from the territory under suspicion

until it is. certain that all danger is past.

To this end, the State Live Stock Sani-

tary Commission will undertake to patrol

the boundary line of the restricted dis-

trict by driving over 'the highways ad-

jacent to such boundary, and enlisting

the co—operation of the residents in main-

taining a patrol, as a means of hastening

the day when the embargo may be lifted

entirely. Blanks will be provided on

which those appealed to will be asked

to report any infraction of the quaran-

tine order. A reward of $25 will be of-

fered for information which leads to a

conviction for such violation, and all

violations of the order will be vigorously

prosecuted by the commission. All oili-

cers with police power are required 'by

law to assist in maintaining the quaran-

tine. In the’meantime live stock for im-

mediate slaughtcr may be shipped to the

Detroit yards, as before.



V‘l'hile this order may seem severe to

farmers and business men in the re-

stricted territory. yet all should co-op-

crate in its observance and enforcement,

as upon it is conditioned the measure of

rllef granted by the federal authorities

and by it the desired day of final and

complete relief will be hastened





A query re-

cently received

from a subscriber

which is in line

with questions that have been fre-

quently asked of us during the past sum-

mer, asks a most pertinent question with

regard to the new highway law. This

question is, how to proceed to secure, to

his own benefit, a proper proportion of

the highway tax, which involves a review

of the general highway law as it is now

written upon our statute books. The

double tax plan is well explained in the

first section of the law which reads as

follows:



Scction 1. The highways in every or-

ganized township in this state shall be

laid out, improved and maintained by two

moncy taxes; one tax shall be known as

the road repair tax. and shall be assessed

on all propcrty in the township outside Oi

the limits of incorporated villages, which

tax shall not cxcccd fifty cents on each

one hundrcd dollars valuation according

to the asst-ssincnt roll of the last preced—

ing year. and the other tax shall be known

as the highway improvcnn-nt tax and and

shall be assessed on all taxable property

in the township, including that Within

the limits of incorporated villages, which

tax shall not excecd fifty ccnts on each

one hundred dollars valuation, according

to the assessment roll for the last pre-

ceding year, All highway moneys belong-

ing to the township or to any subdivision

thereof at the time of the passage of

this act, shall be added to the road repair

fund or to the highway improvement fund

as the township board may direct, except

such moneys as have been appropriated

or set aside for a special purpose, which

shall be used for the purposes for which

they were appropriated or set aside.





Sections 2 and 3 of the law refer to

the duty of the highway commissioner in

submitting to the township board, at its

annual meeting, statistics with regard to





Features of

the Highway Law.





work heretofore done upon highways, an],





an estimate of the money which he deems

necessary to be raised during the en-

suing year. The board is required by

law to present its statement at the an-





nual ,‘towxis'h’ip meeting-er which time.

the electors residing outside of an incor-

porated 'village determine the amount of

road repair' tax to be assessed, which





shall not be to exceed 50 cents on each





$100 of valuation. At the same meeting,

the electors, by majority of all present

and voting, including residents of in-

corporated villages who are required to

pay their proportionate share of the

highway improvement tax, determine the

amount of said highway improvement

tax to be raised for the ensuing year,

which is also limited to an amount not

exceding 50 cents on $100 valuation. The

law also provides that if the electors

present at any township meeting shall

neglect or refuse to vote any road repair

tax or highway improvement tax, the

township board and township highway

commissioner, acting jointly, shall order

such sum or sums levied for either or

both funds, as may appear to them neces-

sary and advisable, not exceeding the

amounts heretofore named.



Other sections of the law provide the

manner in which the tax is to be levied

and collected also provide that when

the amount of such tax has been deter-

mined at the township meeting, the town-

ship board shall have the power and op-

portunity to borrow an amount not to

exceed three-fourths of the tax deter-

mined upon for the ensuing year for the

purpose of paying for labor and other

expenses in connection with building or

repairing the highways or bridges of the

township. The section which deals par-

ticularly with the method which should

be pursued by any individual voter to

secure his equitable and just right under

the law, is Section 9,-which we give by

text as follows:





Section 9. The road repair tax shall be

expended for labor, material and other

necessary expenses. under the super-

vision and by the direction of the town-

ship highway commissioner, on the high-

ways and bridges which will directly ben-

efit the property taxed, not exceeding one

hundred dollars on any one mile of high—

way, unless otherwise directed by the

township board. Should the highway or

highways or bridges directly adjacent to

any property taxed, be in good condition

so that no repairs are necessary thereon,

then the tax raised on such property may

be expended by the highway commis-

sioner on other highways or bridges in

the township where it may be needed:

Provided, If there be a surplus after the

highway or highways or bridges directly

adjacent to the property taxed have been

repaired and put in good condition, such

surplus may be expended by the highway

commissioner on other highways and

bridges in the township wherever any

improvement may be needed: Provided

further, That upon complaint in writing

to the township board by any ten or

more resident taxpayers that the road

repair fund is being unequally and un-

justly applied, or work improperly per-

formed, the township board may direct

the expenditure of such road repair fund

or the manner of performing such work:

Provided further, That not to exceed

tWenty—five dollars shall be expended by

the highway commissioner in any one

year for tools or machinery, without the

consent of the township board.





Further sections of the law provide the

manner in which the highway improve-

ment fund shall be expended by the high-

way commissioner under the direction of

the township board. The duties of the

highway commissioner are prescribed and

the number of road districts in any town-

ship is limited to one for each surveyed

township, for which one overseer of high-

ways shall be elected 'whose duties in

connection with repair work are also

mentioned. The compensation of officers

and method of paying are also presoribcd

as are also the methods to be employed

in the permanent improvement of the

highways.



This is a brief outline of the general

highway law of the state now in force.

\Vliiie it is possible that the law may be

amcndcd in some particulars at the com~

ing session of the legislature, yet such

‘hniendmcnts will not take effect in time

to apply to next year‘s work so that this

is subsantially the law as it will stand

next season, regardless of any changes

which may be made in it at the coming

legislative session.





 





HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.





 





Foreign.





A severe snow storm has been raging

over the British Isles.



\Vm. “fright, the American acroplanlst,

will make a trip to Italy for the purpose

of giving instructions in the working of

his aeroplane and also to take part in

an international contest.



The southern extremity of Italy and

the Island of Sicily have been devastated

by an earthquake. The reports indicate

that it is the greatest disaster of mod-

ern times. It is estimated that thousands

of lives were lost and a large number

of small towns are reported as totally

wrecked. Mt. Aetna on the Island of

Sicily seems to have been the center of

the disturbance, and that portion of the





 





. ,- 3.1“. 2, 1909,”,-





Island, within. a" radius .on 40 uni-adios. ,





the-1mountain .‘seems to ha’Ve been com-

pletly‘ laid inwast’e. The shock began

at litre o'clock last Monday morning and

continued‘for about 32seconds. Follow~

mg the earthquake, came, a. tidal wave

which did much damage to shipping about

the Island of Sicily. _



In order to protect their persous from

the rebels, friends of President Gastro,

of Venezuela, have left the country and

moved into the capitol city.

these is the president’s brother who is

in command of a body of troops. The

American battleship Des Moines has ar-

rived at the Island of Curacao, and the

North Carolina is also about the harbor.



Because the Russian Duma has been

unable to agree on a budget for the year,

1909, the minister of finance h arranged

a program for the first four onths of

the year, which, according to his esti-4

Eggtggé will make ad saving of about $8.-



, as compare with the fi

months of 1908. rst four



Because a number of opium planters





refused to acquiesce in orders that they





should refrain from planting poppies near

Amoy, China, a riot ensued, in which

eleven persons were killed. 500 troops

were ordered to quiet the disturbance.

The authorities announce their determi-

nation to enforce the anti~opium edict.



Statisics just complete show that the

French people have a right to the title

of the “Bankers of the World,” as her

wealth is sufficientl large to give 'each

man, woman and child $1,100.



After an interval of eight months, the

United States has resumed friendly re-

lations with Venezuela. A special com-

missmner is now en roue to that country

to look over the situation and make a.

report; ' ‘



National.



_An earthquake shock was felt at Vir-

ginia City, Mont, last Sunday evening.

The electric light plant and telephonic

communications were interrupted. Dur-

mg last week the city experienced more

than thirty earthquakes. '





To aid in ~the financial legislation of





the present ‘session of congress, a na-

tional monetary commission was ap-

pointed. A special session of this com-

mittee will meet in New York this week

to receive suggestions for legislation

from financial authorities.



The American troops located in Cuba

will begin leaving that Island on January

lst. The evacuation will not be com—

pleted until the first of April.



The quarantine placed upon states

where Cattle and other animals had been

found suffering from the foot and mouth

disease, has been modified during the

past week. Stock for immediate butch—

ering may now be sent outside of these

states. Ten cases of what is suspected

to be the foot and mouth disease has

developed in children at Clarkston, Mon—

roe county, N. Y. The cases are being

investigated.



The state militia of Kentucky are

guarding the mines at Stearns, where

considerable disturabance has recently

been caused by striking miners.



Representatives from the United States



received special attention at the Pan

American Congress in session at San-

tiago, the past week.

. Congress has appropriated $1,000 for

interring the body of Pierre Charles

LEnfant, the Frenchman who planned

the city of Washington under the direc—

lton of our first President. He was an

engineer of remarkable ability and served

m the country during and after the revo-

lutionary war.



A conference is being arranged between

the .United States, Canada and Mexico

looking toward the conservation of the

national resources of the three countries.

Gifford Plnchot, Chief Forester of the

United States, is responsible for the

movement and will plan for the confer-

ence to be held in the near future.



The fishing boat, Rhine, was lost while

trying to make the Frankfort, Michigan,

harbor, December 27th, and four persons

were drowned.



The caving of a trench at Birmingham,

Ala, caused the death of ten workmen.

Several others were injured.



The supreme court of Missouri handed

down a decision last week ousting the

Standard Oil Co. and the Republic Oil

(to. from that state, and forbidding them

ever again to do business within its

borders. In addition, each of the com—

panics is fined $50,000. The court found

that they had conspired to regulate and

fix prices to retail dealers, to control and

limit. the trade in petroleum and to limit

compctition in the buying and selling of

petroleum products.



In the supreme court of the District

of Columbia, Samuel Gompers, John

Mitchell and Frank Morrison, president.

former vice—president and secretary of

the Americal federation of labor, were

last week sentenced to jail for contempt

of court. According to the court, they

had defied an injunction against a boy‘-

t-ott. This is one of he hadcst blows

directed against the labor unions and

considerable comment has been raised be-

cause of it.



A .grand jury has been organized to in—

vestlgate the beef trust in connection

with alleged rebating. The jury is sitting

in Chicago.



The city of Pittsburgh is much excited

oven the alleged grafting that has been

carried on by a number of her officials.

The street railways of this city and San

Franc1sco are owned by the same par—

ties. In San Francisco action has been

brot_against the company for bribery,

and investigation has led to the uncover-

1gn of Similar conditions in Pittsburgh.



Advance reports show that the total

foreign commerce of the port of New

York decreased only $79,118.00 during the

fiscal year ending June 30th, 1908.



The relief corporation which had charge

of the funds donated to San Francisco

after the fire of 1905, have a balance on:

hand of nearly $400,000, which will be

ti'iStribUted among charitable organiza-

ions. '





Among
9





\V‘





i





» r





 





 





 





 





 





 

   





 





LITERATURE

POETRY

HISTORY an?

INFORMATION





 





 





 





 





‘ LII/ali/fiéiiggk '





 





 





 





‘l‘





puaLlSHE





 





 





 





 





‘17re FARM BOY

an? GIRL

SCIENTIFIC an?

MECHANICAL





 





 





 





   





 





 





This Magazine Section forms a part of our paper twice a month. Every article is written especially for it,”and does not appear elsewhere





 





ONE RURAsteHOOL.





BY AN OLD PUPIL.



Good communities, like good fruits, come not by

chance, as both must, of necessity, come thru the

channels of good culture either in soil or soul. Prime

fruits, like prime manhood, are travelers over the

great highway, that leads to something both beautiful

and tangible. We love the perfect apple, both for its

beauty and utility, and we love that man or woman

who is willing, always, to share their life endeavors

for the uplift of the community about them, as in

such a rural district life is truly worth the living,

and of such a district will this article treat.



Who is that man or woman whose childhood was

passed in the country who does not feel at times the

touch of pathos at the slightest mention of “the little

red schoolhouse?” Aye, even as I write this the

tears fill my eyes and I see thru their mist an endless

array of mind pictures that stand out boldly for a

recount; and as I, in imagination, shake hands again

with the past——spurning all its failures and welcom-

ing its successes—yes, even I am forced to pause in

sacred reverence before each of these idols of memory;

and as I wander on, back over the accumulated years,





 





and once again stand among my playmates and in'





the presence of “the little red schoolhouse,” I take

off my hat and exclaim, “Blest be the tie that binds!”



Now that we have reached the schoolhouse door

I crave your attention until you have heard the true

story of at least one country district in this, “Mich-

igan, My Michigan.”



In Van Buren county, in the southwestern corner

of the state, and near South Haven, “the‘beautlful

city by the sea,” is a district whose early history is

not much different than is that of thousands of other

districts thruout the state. However, it happened to

contain amOng its pioneers a few public-spirited men

and women who were not satisfied with the simple

establishment of a school in the woods, so putting

their wise heads together they met in council at one

of the cabin homes and devised to hold weekly ly-

ceums, these to convene in the “little red schoolhouse”

that nestled close up under the spreading arms of the

natural surrounding forest. That this venture proved

not to be a “still birth" is shown by its history. The

lyceum started its infant career in the winter of

1865-6, and its winter sessions have been held, with

slight intermission, right along down to the writing or

this article. Think of it, readers, a rural society

linked arm in arm with a rural school, and traveling

down thru forty-three years, and with no visible signs

of divorce as yet.



Do you ask as to the relationship existing between

the lyceum and the school? Here it is. The school

is a vital adjunct to the lyceum inasmuch as no

program is ever made out wherein the children do not

play an important part. These programs embrace

every phase or rural life, both socially and mentally.

Music, both vocal and instrumental, are given liberal

space, while in the role of declaiming the field is open

to the old and bald, down to the little lisping tot Who

must stand in a chair in order to be seen.



Now let us see what all this has meant in the devel-

opment of the community and the people therein; and

to prove that the writer knows what he is writing

about, let it be remembered that he, as a boy, was

a pupil in this self-same school, and that the thirty-

four years since we left its marked and whittled

benches has been lived within close proximity to

this, to me, almost sacred spot; and let it further

be remembered that we are not in ignorance as to

rural conditions thruout the state, as journeys up and

down have opened doors for us into many, many

homes, halls and schoolhouscs, and that no place has

ever been visited that has not left an impression

either good or bad. For instance, if school grounds

are found treeless and bare of other attractions, I

need no further clue as to the general brain power

that is extant in that particular neighborhood.



Proceeding with the work in hand, I will state that

quite early in the history of the district it was given

the very pleasing name of Maple Grove, due to the

nature of the surrounding forests. At about this time

a few spiritually minded people felt the need of a

Sunday school. With this established, they of course

wanted an instrument to aid in the music, and by

general collection an organ was procured; thus, three

associations, the Sabbath school, the day school and

the lyceum were provided for. From this on progress

was rapid and substantial. The school and attendant

societies proved as magnets to prospective purchasers

of land; thus a rapid influx of very desirable people

came to dWell among us, adding their numbers to our

schools and lyceum, and right here let it be said

to the credit of all, that tho nearly every religious

sect is represented here, yet no one would ever guess





a
' ram!





 





‘.

{'2 “5......" .,..





 





10- . (10)

from attending the union Sunday school

but that all believed alike.



Times demanded that the schoolhouse

be enlarged in order to .meet the increase

of population, as more farms were being

bot, more acres cleared and more homes

built. As South Haven is situated in





'the very midst of the far—famed fruit





belt of western Michigan, the land, about

as fast as it could be cleared and sub-

dued, was set to fruit; so as fast as the

monarchs of the forest bowed their exit

to the woodman’s axe the artificial fruit

forests took their places. About this time

the spirit of roadside tree planting took

possession of the Maple Grove society

and to that end, in the year 1876, cen-

tennial year, an arbor day picnic was

proposed. Every man attending was to

bring a suitable tree, said tree to be

planted in the school yard on that day.

Suffice it to say that over 150 trees were

set; also that a great feast was held and

that all the school children and their

parents were made glad thru a great duty

well done. Now we will let the trees

grow unil later in our story.



The moral influence of the Maple Grove

schools and society has long been noted

by the outside world. We say outside

world because South Haven has devel-

oped into a great summer resort, and

the thousands upon thousands of tourists

from the great cities, being in search

of beauty and comfort, naturally “hike"

for the country where there is an abund-

ance of fruit, shade and freedom; thus

do hundreds each season find beautiful

Maple Grove; and that summer day is

rare when the camera lover does not

bear away a picture of schoolhouse and

grounds. It is both comforting and amus-

ing to hear and answer many of the

questions as put to us by the ordinary

city dWeller who has ignorantly lived

with the thot and belief that chin whisk-

ers, carpet bags and stoga boots were the

trade marks of ruralism. They come to

us annually in search of the “hayseed,”

but find him not. Instead they find in

Maple Grove, not a peasantry, but rather

a people who can readily converse with

them on all topics, and a people who are

yet clinging to that blessed boon and

heritage, namely, hospitality. They also

find our school children to be thoroly con-

versant with nature. naming readily all

the native trees, bush fruits, plants and

flowers with the readiness of a college

professor. And why is this so? For an-

swer let us turn back to those saplings

that were set out away back in 1876.

Their own story is told in the resultant

beautiful grove. that I bring to the read-

ers of the Michigan Farmer thru the

medium of an accompanying picture.



This grove embraces nearly all of the

native woods, and as they are strewn all

around and about the very doors of the

schoolhouse, the children naturally be—

come acquainted with the trees as much

as with themselves; indeed, these trees

are a part of their very lives, as huh.

dreds of us descendants from this par-

ticular school can testify. Then will you

doubt our claim of morality for this

school and the precinct that surrounds

it? If you deny that trees are both mor-

alizers and civilizers, then I must tell

you that you have not as yet emerged

from the brute stage and that you are

five hundred years behind the times; for

when your child or mine is keeping com-

pany with a flower, :1 plant or tree, it is

in God's company and cannot do wrong.





Listen to the goldcn words which Dr.

L. H. Zailcy spokc to me not long ago





when on a visit to his boyhood home,

which is at this place. TVhile walking

among the trees he said, “My friend,

these trees, every one of them, arc-sacred

to me as they were my playmatr-s in





youth and always an inspiration for

good.” Here is the touching part of it





all. Dr. Bailey, as a boy wilh inc. tool:

active part in the very lyceums and in

the same little red school of which I a m

telling you about, and from those same

small beginnings he has wandered out

and up until today he stands without a.

peer in the world of horticulture and

agriculture; aye, he has been honored

by the president of these. United States

by naming him, Prof. Bailey, as chair-

man of the Country Life Commission

that is now at work trying to solve some

of the questions concerning country con-

ditions, trying thereby to install a sys-

tem of real rural uplift: and to that

end this same Dr. Bailey, a man well

known thruout the world, has remem-

bered, thru all his great career, that





there is 3. Maple Grove, that his first ven-

‘tures at public speaking were in this little

red schoolhouse, and today he returns

to us in person and asks that a suitable

writeup of Maple Grove, its schools and





 





v .—





sopieties be furnished to the-commission,

promising“ to give the matter his per-

sonal attention when it appears before





that body.





Now let ‘me call your attention to the

group of children as shown in one of the

pictures.

for the occasion asthey'knew nothing

of the presence of the photographer until

he swooped down upon them and merely

asked that they look pleasant for just

one moment, with the result as you find

it. There are fifty—two faces shown here,

including that of the teacher whose

pleasant, happy face can be seen in the

left background, the location being shown

by a cross above. Miss Cora Doolittle al-

lows her name to be used as teacher

of this school and I take pleasure in

crediting her with the successful guid-

ance of the many young souls that sur-

round her. It was she who introduced

the teaching of agriculture in our school.





Now as a summary I ask all to observe

the following closely: First, note the

well clothed condition of every pupil

in the picture. For an everyday garb,

is this not pleasing? Our record on

morals is also one to be proud of. Since

this school’s inception, forty-three years

ago, we have furnished but: one boy to

the industrial school at Lansing, and this

boy, being the progeny of irresponsible

parents, should not be charged against

the school and neighborhood. As to pro-

fanity, We do not claim perfection, but

as to our school and community at large

one will travel long and far before find-

ing a country community so free from

profanity and blasphemy as is ours. So

far as the liquor habit is concerned we

are almost entirely free from its influ-

ence, which is proven In the fact that

we haven’t a pauper in the district and

but one habitual toper; this one is a

recent arrival and must not be charged

to us. W’ithin 11,4 miles of our school we

find, by actual count, Seventy-five homes

which average 11/; child to the home,

giving to us an enrollment of children

of sehool age of Something over one

hundred. (if all these homes not one

is without paint, and most of them are

structures of modesty but substantial

and homelike. \Ve have users of tobacco,

of course, but they are very far in the

minority; in fact, the number of habitues

are so rare as to warrant one in walking

the streets and entering meetings in

safety against filthy floors and polluted

air, and the children of the school, both

from their teachings and home training,

look with both pity and abhorrenee upon

the liquor and tobacco user and his hab-

its. Thus, under such training our

school and attendant societies are yearly

giving to the world a grade of humanity

which adds new stars to our crown and

new zest to the great business world in

which they enter.



I A business man in South Haven re-

cently remarked to me that Maple Grove

was unusually prolific in the production

of bright desirable young folks, and that

it is conceded by all careful observers

that our district has given to South

Haven high schools and to the city’s

business ranks the longest and best list

of people of any of the surrounding dis-

tricts. So much from a member of the

city school board. All hail to the little

red schoolhouscl It is a well-seasoned

hickory spoke drchn well into the hub

of the world‘s wheel of fame and for-

tune. Drape it in God's choicest weave,

namely, trccs. Don’t blame the boys and

girls for leaving the farm if you have

neglected to make the sehool and its

grounds the one sacred and happy spot

in their lives. Drive gloom from the

farm and joy (ternal will take its place.



Happiness in rural life is what we

want. but, lllialk you, the lieelcss road—

sldc, the barren, chcwness school grounds,

the unattractive home, filthy habits and

sunlid dispositions, all these will rapidly

brtok the strands in the strongest rope

owl away goes the tie that binds. Don’t

llil‘lk life's profits by the dollars it will

produce but rather by the sunshine and

happiness that we can crowd into our

rural lives, for in this is a profit that

beats gold every time. Gold is a‘poor

feeder of the soul and is costly to ac-

quire; but true happiness is free to all

as it springs from seed. Plant a smile

about the mouth and someone takes it up

and it spreads into a grin, then into

laughter, and finally all present are

happy. Plant a dim, lusterless seed and

the first thing we know God has coaxed

it into a beautiful living green, and, if

given a little care on our part, it will

spread its tender fingers up and out and

before we know it we are warding off

the blistering summer sun by resting

’ncath its cooling shade. Thus, a kind





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





These pupils were not dressed





word.’ or beaming“ smile‘ spent on our

rural teachers is never lost. It is Seed

planted ,that is bound to radiate thruout

the day’s work and into *every corner

of the schoolroom, and, at night when

school is dismissed every child will un—

consciously lug home to his parents an

echo of happiness from the little seed

planted in the morning. _



Dear reader, my simple story is told.

Take it and fit it into your own condi-

tions. If the district In which I live

secms ideal to you, you are at liberty to

take patterns from it: and if yours in

any way appears superior to ours, the

columns of the Michigan Farmer will

undoubtedly be given to the revelation

and its readers be thankful for the ideas

advanced. However, this much I kindly

ask: that whenever you pass that school—

house in which your little ones are as—

sembled, just pause long enough to study

its needs. Know that the teacher is a

moral person; also, that his example is

for the betterment of those whom you

have brot into life. You planted the

seed, now look to its nourishment.





 





ADAM’S his.





 





BY CARRIE SCHUMANN.





Had Adam known that his rib was to

be taken and made into a woman would

he have consented? The woman of today

is bound to pry into things and turn

loose upon the world a lot of trouble.

That stolen rib of Adam’s is supposed to

be a closed incident. The borrowed

member was long since restored to man.

For countless generations he has had

the rib as well as the woman. The man

of today isn’t worrying over the affair

at all. He would never think of it if

the preacher didn’t mention it once in

a while. But woman, womanlike, must

ask him whether or not he is sorry she

is in existence. To be sure, she expects

a compliment. The modern Eve would

have the modern Adam lie if necessary to

gratify her vanity, which fact goes to

show that woman hasn't changed much.



Adam has left no evidence of his feel-

ings on the subject and 'we can only guess

at this late day whether he would wil-

lingly have exchanged a good sound rib

for a woman or not. "art this much we

do know, that he would have been trad-

ing in thedarlc. It Would have been im-

possible for him to comprehend what a

woman would be like, and to this day

man can’t make her out. He doesn't

know to this day whether or not she is

necessary to his happiness. So Adam

might very reasonably have balked when

asked to give up one of his good ribs for

something that might prove an intoler-

able nuisance to him.



From the beginning it was decided by

the highest authority that it was not

good for man to be alone. For of all

creatures living, man is the most help-

less when left without companionship.

Another reason why man should be glad

of the exchange that Adam made is that

man can now, as Adam did, lay the blame

of all the wrong doing upon the woman.

Down thru all the years has this been

done and so will be until time has ended

and even at the bar of judgment he will

cry, “twas the woman, ’twas the

woman!”



But, after all, the most important ques-

tion at this late. day, is not what Adam,

in his ignorance, might have done had he

been allowed to choose, but what he is

willing to do to gain and keep the love

of a geod true woman. She. is more ex-

acting than she was in those old days.

She requires the right to stand shoulder

to shoulder and heart to heart with the

all-powerful man in all the great enter-

prises of our land. it is her influence

that moulds the character of the coming

(generation. “'hcn man comes to realize

more fully Woman’s mission on earth and

her power, social and otherwise, I don't

think he will have any cause to regret

that Adam was called upon to exchange

a rib for a Woman.



FREE DEAFNESS CURE.



A remarkable offer by one of the lead-

ing ear specialists in this country, who will

send two months' medicine free to prove

his ability to cure. Deafness, Head Noises

and Catarrh. Address Dr. G. M. Brana-

man, 1540 \Valnut St., Kansas City, MO.





A Mineral Spring at Your Door.



You can drink three times every day

from a healing mineral spring that cures

sick people, that makes the weak strong,

and need not go outside your door to do

it. Vitae-Ore, advertised on the last

page, is a healing mineral spring, con—

densed and concentrated.



The sewing machine we received some

time ago is first class in every way. It

is fine—Mrs. G. W. Havens, Shultz, Mich.





 





 





A Farmer’s Problem and

its Solution.





How can I keep my children on the





farm? How can I make them content

with farm life? How can I prevent them

from forming a desire to live in the city?



These are questions which are per-

plexing the farmers all over the country.

The progressive farmer of today realizes

that he cannot change the nature of his

children to fit the farm so he proeeeds

to make over his farm to fit the nature

of his children. He purchases labor-sav-

ing farm machinery and rebuilds his

house in accordance with modern ideas.

Steam heat, open plumbing and electric

lighting, all help to make the home com—

fortable. In spite of these improvements,





\however, farm life is not everything that





can be desired. Neighbors are few and

life is too quiet for sociably inclined young

people. They like to mingle with their

friends and to have frequent social gath-

erings, but distances are often so great

that such gatherings are dificult to ar-

range, especially during the long winter.



It may be claimed that this is an in-

evitable condition of farm life and can

never be changed. It is true that dis-

tances must always be great but that

isolation is not a necessary feature of

farm life is well illustrated by the follow-

ing story: ,



Jones (as we will call him for conven—

ience) was a prosperous ranch owner of

Northwestern Texas. He and his wife

had every reason to be satisfied with

their lot. A snug bank account, a large

and well managed ranch, an ambitious

son just graduated from the state college,

and a bright daughter of eighteen, all

contributed to their happiness. Jones,

like most fathers, had his ambitions in

regard to the future of his children. He

wished his son to learn ranching thoroly

and eventually to succeed in the manage-

ment of the, ranch. He .wanted his

daughter also to remain at home until

she should marry and in that event he

hoped her choice of a husband would be

some neighboring young ranchman.



Both children had always appeared to

be perfectly happy at home, but as time

went on they showed symptoms of lone-

liness. Fearing that this might in time

lead to a desire for a more exciting life

and that the old ranch Would become a

hardship rather than a pleasure, Jones

and his wife put their heads together in

the hopes of finding a means of giving

their children more social life. It seemed

rather ‘a hopeless proposition but one day

an advertisement in a farm magazine

attracted Jones’ attention. It stated that

the lVestern Electric Company was sell-

ing standard telephone apparatus to the

general public and that a book would be

sent free upon request describing a tele~

phone system suitable to rural communi-

ties, instructions for installing and main-

taining such a system and a constitution

and by—lawg for the purpose, of organiza-

tion. He showed this advertisement to

his wife and both decided that it fur-

nished just the needed idea.



Jones immediately wrote for this book,

entitled “Rural Telephone Equipments,”

and upon its receipt began putting his

plans into operation. First, he visited a

number of ranch owners with whom he

was acquainted and secured their co—Op-

cration. A meeting was held and a. cor-

poration formed. Other farmers and

ranchmen became interested and in due

course of time a rural telephone system

was a realty. This system was connected

with the nearest town which had long

distance connection.



The system was a success from the

start. Jones’ children had many young

friends in that part of the state and the.

telephone service brot them in touch

with one another so the. sense of isola—

tion and loneliness disappeared. When

Mary wished to give a little party she

had only to call her intcndcd guests over

the wire and invite them. No more tir—

ing journeys from ranch to ranch in

order to collect her friends. John, too,

was able in the same way to keep in-

touch with his friends. Many social chats

could be had over the telephone when

the. weather was bad and the evenings

lonely.



But the benefits derived from this tel-

ephone system was not in the. way of

pleasure alone. NeWs could now be ob—

tained at any time from the town and

outside World. Crop and weather reports,

market conditions and priccs all were

received regularly.



Jones and the other subscribers soon

found that this telephone. service was

actually a source. of income, to them which

soon paid for the cost of the apparatus

and its installation, and, thanks to the

fact that the apparatus was the best

made, was more than enough to pay the

cost of maintenance. Many times it

proved its worth in cases of sickness and

accident when the prompt attendance of

a physician was necessary.



But most important of all, at least in

the opinion of Jones and his wife, was

the fact that their children could have

the social life which they had so much

desired and which had been the only

thing lacking to make their lives perfectly

happy in every way.





 





It is by far the best agricultural paper.

we know of after trying several. The'

magazine section is a great improvement.

We enjoy it very much.—Wm. Teneyck,

Middleville, Mich.





 





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THE MICHIGAN 5 FARMER.‘





 





A .stUDY 1N._CARDBoARD-.





BY ARMIN BOEHNLEIN.





An interesting and profitable, pastime

for old or young people during the long

Winter evenings is the cutting out of

cardboard into useful and decorative ob-

.jects. The articles necessary to the ac-

cotfiplishment of this purpose are a sharp

knife (pocket-knife, or even a paring

knife), some cardboard, gray preferred,

_of light weight, which can be obtained

at any stationer’s, and some home-made

paste or mucilage. Herewith are given

a few of the articles which may be made.



Lantern.



Fig. 1 shows a. lantern complete, which

may be hung up in a cosy corneror other

desirable place. Fig. 2 shows diagram

-'of lantern, giving all necessary dimen—

sions. After marking and cutting out





 





Fig. l.





Completed Lantern.





cardboard as per diagram, the four sides

or panels should be ornamented with a.

design, such as given in Fig. 3, or per-

haps you may be able to design something

better. Then out out design, using a very

sharp- knife for the purpose, so as not

to leave rough edges. Then draw knife

lightly over all dotted lines in diagram

being careful not to out too deep; then

crease and fold to form the lantern, and

paste. The piece in diagram marked A

should be cut off and pasted on last and

forms top over door C. B forms bottom

of lantern. The chain on which lantern

hangs suspended ismade of links of card-

board strips. The panels should be back-

ed with some colored tissue paper, red

being harmonious with gray.

Lamp Shade.



A very pretty lamp or candelabra

shade, Fig. 4, can be made by copying

the diagram as shown in Fig. 5, and then

cutting out on dark lines. The circle is

14 inches thru center and panels should

be 7 inches at bottom and taper to 21/2

inches at top. If a smaller shade is de-

sired for candle holder a large dinner

plate can be used fer making it. The

.other dimensions would be reduced ac-





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Fig. 3.

cordingly. Crease dotted lines. Fig. 6

shows a design for a panel and this can

be copied or some other design used. The

larger the design, the more effective it





will make the shade when illuminated.

The panels should be backed'with colored

tissue, red or yellow being best colors.

A very pretty effect is given by inking or

blacking the cardboard. '



[The author of this article and de-

signer of the panels, etc., is a boy thir-

teen years old.——Eds.]





 





THAWED OUT.





 





BY E. RUSSELL.



Dan Crosby was a retired farmer living

in a little village ten miles from the

railroad. He had made his money dealing

in cattle and was known far and wide in

the township as one who could drive a

hard bargain.





“Two children!” said Dan Crosby,

“coming here! I won’t have ’em—and

there’s the end of it!”



Dan Cresby stood on the red-brick





hearth in front of his big wood fire in an

attitude of the deepest animosity, an

open letter in his hand, a frown darken-

ing his rugged face.



Mrs. Crosby paused in. her occupation

of stocking mending, a pained expression

passing over her toil-worn lineaments.



“But they’re your own son’s children,

Dan,” she pleaded. “And their grandma.





on their mother's Side is dead, and there \





ain’t no one to care for ’em at Hill’s

Hollow.”



“Well, I can’t help that,” retorted the

old man, setting his yellow teeth together.

“Do the Hill’s Hollow folks think I keep

a free tavern? I don‘t like children. I

never did. When John James married

and had a family he didn’t consult me—

and I ain’t goin’ to support ’em. I want

that clearly understood. At my age I

can’t have children racketing about the

house. I brot up John James and Esther

Anne—and that’s all can be expected of

me.”



Mrs. Crosby’s countenance fell. In her

secret mind she had all the morning

been planning what room John James’ or—

phans should have, how she would unpack

sundry broken toys that she kept in a

chest in the garret—sole relics of the

only child she ever had had—for their be~

hoof, and what a gleam of sunshine their

presence would bring into the silent,

dreary house. They were no kith or kin

of her, being the grandchildren of Deci-





Lantern vim--





.......-o...





   





w- .





 

   

 





.--.....4.s...‘....--.uuuc.





B





 





mus’ first wife, yet her heart warmed to

them with longing tenderness.



“It seems ’most a pity,” said she,

to—-—”



“Vi'c won’t argy the question no fur-

der,” said Dan, sharply, “I ain’t goin' to

hev 'em here, and that’s the long and the

short of it.”



“But, father, they’re on the way here

already!”



“Then they’ll hev to be on the way

back, that’s all, afore they’re twenty-four

hours older.”



And Dan Crosby went out to do his

chores. Five minutes later the ring of

his ax at the woodpile, sharp and sud-

den, gaye the keynote to his mood of

stem resolve.



“Is this the house, Kitty?” said little

Johnny Crosby, as the stage, driver helped

him out of the creaking old vehicle; “does

grandpa live here? Oh, dear, I do hope

there’s a good fire, because I’m so frozen

cold!”



The elder sister, a mite. of ten, stood

on tiptoe to sound the knocker, while

little Johnny clung to her, with one hand

on the tattered carpet—sack that con-

tained their earthly stores.



“Ain’t there no one there?”





“not





faltered





he.



"I don’t know,” said Kitty. “I”Il knock

again.”



Still no answer came. Mrs. Crosby





was out feeding her chickens in the barn-

yard, and old Dan was performing his

nightly task of milking, in the safe shel-

ter of the cow stable. As it happened,





. for one night at least.





he was the first tore-enter the house-and

confront the little creatures, who were

still patiently waiting on the doorstep.



“Eh!” said lie. “Who be ye?”



“We're John and Catherine,” said the

girl. “We couldn’t make anyone hear.

Please, are you our Grandpa Crosby?”



The old man peered up the road.



“Stage gone?” said he. '





“Yes, sir!" answered Kitty, shivering.

Fig. 5.

“VVal, it stops at the tavern an hour





to change hosses and give the passen-

gers their supper. You go arter it—it’s

only half a mile—and tell the driver to

take you back on the night trip to where

you came from!”





“Ain’t we to stay here?” hesitated

Kitty.

“No,” said Dan, “you ain’t. We don’t





want no children here. Come, start on-—.

it‘ll be dark pretty soon!”



And by way of terminating matters

he shut the door in their faces and went

back into the house With a grim chuckle.



“It’s a good thing Betsy wasn’t here,”

said he to himself. “She’d a-bcen sure

to hev made a fuss. Women hain’t no

judgment nor discretion.”



Half a dozen rods down the road Re-

gina theply, the village school mistress,

came upon two forms crouching among

the dead leaves in the angle of the old

stone wall.



“Mercy upon us!” said she, with a lit.

tle start. “\Vho is this?”



And with tears and tribulation the chil-

dren told their story.



Regina was a tall, straight girl, with

eyes as black as coal, a rosy color and a

true womanly heart.



“It’s a shame,” said she. “Two little

helpless creatures like you! But everyone

knows that when Dan Crosby makes up

his mind there‘s no way of softening

him. Hush, there he goes now.”



She drew the children back into the

shadow as the old man trudged past,

the visor of his fur cap pulled over his

eyes, his hands thrust deep down into

his pockets. All three drew a long breath

of relief when he was gone.



“Look here,” said kind Regina, “I’d

take you in myself if I had a home; but

I have none. I’m only a country school

teacher, boarding around. One thing is

very certain, tho; you can’t go any far-

ther tonight. I’m boarding my week with

your Grandma Crosby now. I know she'll

let me take you into my room there, and

we can fix up seine sort of a bed there,

Your Grandma

Crosby, she’s a human Christian, and

not a heathen Sphinx!” setting her lips

close together. “Come, don’t cry any

more, little boy. I’ll take care of you.”



Mrs. Crosby’s amazement at the sight

of Miss ‘Vheply leading a child by either

hand on her kitchen threshold may be





(115.211





any heart! As for getting to the tavern

before the stage starts again, they’re not

able to do it. And, after all, what would

become of them at. the other end of the

route? No, Mrs. Crosby, we’ll give them

a .good supper of warm bread and milk,

and fix ’em a good bed in my room for

tonight. And if your husband finds it

out and scolds you, Why, you may just

tell him it was my fault. I’m not afraid

of him if you are. And tomorrow we’ll

consider what is best to do next.”



Thus relieved, to a certain extent, of

the responsibility, old Mrs. Crosby set to

work with a glad and pitying heart to

warm and feed the two poor little chil—

dren, and did not rest until she had seen

them snugly asleep on a floor-bed in the

corner of Regina’s small apartment.



“It don't seem as if I could ever let

’em go again, Mis’ Wheply,” said the

old woman, wiping her spectacles. “But

you don’t know what it is to be mar-

ried.”



“No, I don’t,” said Regina, laughing.

“But, never mind, Mrs. Crosby, two

sweet children like this will be sure to

find a home somewhere.”



Old Dan came home at the usual time

from the village store.



“It’s a-snowin,” said he,

hard.”



“Is it, father?”



“Yes; where’s the lantern?"



“What do you want the lantern for?"



Dan Crosby writhed uneasily.



“I stopped in at the tavern on my way

back,” said he, “an’ they told me the

stage went back empty.”



“Did it, father?” (in a low voice).



“An’ I feel sorter oneasy to think what

can have become 0’ them children,” un-

willingly ad-mitted the old man. "I dare

say for’t, I can’t get the look 0’ that boy

outen my head. It’s jest the way John

Crosby used- to look at me. John Crosby





Q

and





Fig. 6.





had dreadful pleasant eyes. Help me to

s’arch for the lantern, mother. I must.

go out and hunt the children up. I wish

to goodness I’d never sent them away.”



At that moment the door at the foot of

the stairs opened. Regina Wheply stood

there, with flushed cheeks and shining

eyes. .

“If you really ‘mean that, Mr. Crosby,”

said she, “Providence has been kinder

to you than you had any right to expect.

Light the lamp, Mrs. Crosby. Show him

where the poor creatures are. I found

them cowering under a stone fence, Mr.

Crosby, and I brot them here on my own

responsibility. Look!”



She held the lamp high above her head.

Old Dan leaned forward and for the first

time in her life Mrs. Crosby saw a big

tear splash down from his dim eyes on

the blue plaid coverlet.



“I’m glad on’t,” said he, “I‘m glad on’t!

It's a bitter March night, and the snow

is falling as I never knowed it to full

afore in March, an’ if them little ones

had pcrished~” .



His voice broke down;

face away.



“Father,” pleaded the old woman, com-





“snowin'





 





he turned his





 





Fig. 4.

At the piteous tale she





easily imagined.

burst into tears.



“Oh, Miss Regina,” said she, “what am

I to do? He says—”



“Never mind what he says,” curtly in-

terrupted the girl. “We can’t let these

two poor little children perish of cold

this bitter March night because he hasn’t





-





Lamp Shade Completed.





ered hand appealinglv on his arm, “they

may stay here, mayn't they?”



“Yes,” he answered, in a husky voice,

“they may stay here.”



So the little wanderers found a home,

after all, and to judge by popular report,

not an unpleasant one.



“For, I do declare," said Miss Wheply,
-.:...,.. ”.4.





‘ ,,, . .2.

t. .w ~Tz'n‘»;

, A





 





. -yu.+».......





 





.12 (-12) .

“those children' rule the house. Only

think of ‘old Dan Crosby; who used to

think that children had no business to

'exist, building a play-room for therfi in

the barn, and buying a little pony, for

them to ride, and taking them with him

Wherever he goes. His heart had been

frozen up tight these many years, but it

has thawed out at last.



So it had, in the sunshine of children’s

smiles, the magic influence of which the

Great Teacher, spoke, when he said: "And

a little child shall lead them.”





PUTTING UP A STOVE PIPE.





 





BY I. Z. Y.





Putting up a stove is not so dif-

ficult in itself; it is the pipe which raises

four-fifths of the mischief, and all the

dust. You may take down a stove with

all the care in the world. and have your

Wife put the pipe away in a secure place,

and yet that pipe won’t come together

again as it was before.



You find this out when you are stand-

ing on the top of a chair, with your arms

full of pipe, and your mouth full of soot.

Your wife is standing on the floor, in a

position which enables her to see you,

the pipe, and the chair; and here she

gives utterance to those remarks which

are calculated to hasten a man into the

extremes of insanity. Her dress is

pinned over her waist and her hands

rest upon her hips. She has one of your

hats on her head, your linen coat on her

back, and a pair of rubbers on her feet.

There is about five cents worth of pot-

‘black on her nose, and a lot of flour on

her chin: altogether she cuts a figure

which would inspire a man with dis-

trust.



And while you are up there, trying to

circumvent the awful contrariness of the





the pipe and saying that you know

some fool has been mixing it, she stands

safely on the floor and bombards you

with some such domestic mottoes as,

“VVhat’s the use of swearing so; you

know no one has touched your pipe;

you ain’t got no more patience than a





child; do be careful of that chair.” And

then she goes off and appears with an-

other armful of pipe, so hcrribly mixed

up that it does seem as if no two pieces

are alike. ,You join the ends, and work

them to and fro, and to and fro again,

and then you take them apart and look

at them. Then you spread them apart

once more and jump them together again.

But it is no go. You begin to think the





pieces are inspired with life, and you

ache to kick them thru the window.

But she doesn’t lose her patience. She





goes about with that awful exasperating

rigging on, with a length of pipe under

each





arm and a long-handled broom in

her hand; she says she doesn‘t under-





stand how it is that some people have

no trouble in putting up a store.





Then you miss the hammer. You don't

see it anywhere. You stare, into the

pipe, along the mantel, and onto the

floor. Your wife watches you and at last

is thotful enough to ask you what you

are looking for. ()n learning, she pulls





the article from her pocket. Then you

feel as if you could go outside. and swear





a hole twelve feet square, thru a brick

wall. But she only observes, “\Yhy on

earth don't you speak when you want

anything, and not stare around like a.

dummy.” .



“‘heirthe part of thr- pipe which goes

into the wall is up, she holds it there

with the. end of the broom handle while





you make the connection, and she stares

at it with an intensity which is altogether





uncalled for, your position in the incan-

time becoming all the more interesting.

The pipes don't go together, of course,





the soot shakes down into your eyes and

mouth, the sweat runs down your face

and tickles your chin as it drops off,

and it seems as tho your arms are slowly

but surely drawing out of their sockets.



Herc your wife comes to the rescue by

enquiring if you are. going to be all day

doing nothing, and if you think her arms

are made of cast iron. And then the

broom slipe off the pipe. In her endeav-

or to secure its hold she jabs you under

the chin with the handle, and the pipe

comes down on your head with its load

of fried soot. The chair tilts forward





enough to discharge your feet, and you

come down on the wrong end of that





chair with a force that would bankrupt

a pile driver. You don‘t touch that chair

again. You leave your wife examining

the chair and bemoaning its injuries, and

go into the kitchen to wash your skinned

and bleeding hands with yellow soap.

Then you go down the street after a

man to do the business, and your wife

goes over to the neighbors, with the





scriber a year's subscription

accompany





rect solutions will

of Feb. 6.

Dept.,





chair, and tells ab’Out its injuries,.an‘d





drains the neighborhood dry "or its sym':

pathies, long before you get home again.





 





A CHAFING DISH swipes.





BY RUTH RAYMOND





He took her to party and concert,





To dinners and banquets a few;





To operas grand or amusing,





Yet ne’er for her hand did he sue;

She waited as maidens must ever,



Then thot of a feasible plan—

She would serve him a chafing-dish sup-





per,

And please this adorable man.





She sat by his side while concocting

The viands most tempting and rare;

“She‘s a queen among cooks, ’ he decided,

Then asked her his mansion to- share:

She served while he joined in her laugh-

~ en,

The chafing dish still heldits place;

And happy were they ever after;

Adoring her sweet wifely grace.





GERALD CLAY’S VOCATION.





BY HOPE DARING.





Synopsis of Preceding Chapters.—Ger-

aid, a nephew of Thomas Clay, Was a

senior at the University of Kentucky,

where he was considered one of the best

students in his class. William Brooks,

an attorney, practicing in the university

town of Lexington, had telephoned Ger-

ald to call at the attorney's office. On

his way he called upon Miss Pauline

Hunter, a tall, slender brunette who had

been a student at Hamilton College and

left a book in which both were inter-

ested. At the lawyer's office Gerald was

asked to enter into a partnership with

the lawyer as soon as he had graduated.

This offer was declined, as Gerald had

already arranged to enter Johns Hopkins

University. It appeared before he left

the office that Brooks desired to form this

partnership to secure the use of money

Gerald's uncle had invested in govern-

ment bonds, as the nephew was to be the

sole heir of Thomas Clay's large fortune.



Altho the Clays had been slave owners





 





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMERQ ~





taken a long ride.





they remained loyal and Thomas Clay

had fought for ‘the Union. He was a

graduate of the school at Lexington in

1855, was now a trustee of the institution,

and had come to attend the commence-

ment exercises. Gerald‘reported thecon-

versation with Brooks and the elder Clay

approved of his action in refusing to

enter the, partnership. .After commence-

ment Mr. Clay went home to the farm

at Elm Hill while Gerald accepted an

invitation to spend a few days at the

home of his classmate, Blair Arnold. The

outing was cut short by a message telling

of his uncle’s sudden illness, caused by

the failure of an investment thru \Villiam

Brooks, of money received from the sale

of the government bonds. The uncle’s

recovery was slow and when Gerald

learned that the failure of the investment

thru Brooks was a serious matter to his

uncle, and that Brooks had disappeared,

he decided to abandon his plans for fur-

ther schooling and take charge of Elm

Hill farm. Shortly after he learned that

his college friend, Pauline Hunter, was

teaching the village school. Wishing to

have her meet his uncle, Gerald drove

to her home for her. On the return they

stopped at the village store. With Pau-

line alone in the carriage the horses

broke away and ran for home, Gerald

following on horseback. Pauline escaped

without injury and she was afterward

a frequent guest at Elm Hill. One day

the following spring she and Gerald had

As they were watering

their horses at the creek, Wm. Brooks.

crossed the bridge above them.





 





Chapter Vll.—The Mutterlng of the

Storm.



Pauline saw a‘look of rage distort her

companion’s face._ Once she thot that

he was about to pursue William Brooks,

but a moment later he turned to her,

saying in a quiet voice: “Shall we ride

on?”



She nodded, then asked, “Was that

not your cousin, Mr. Brooks?”



“Yes, I am glad to know that he is

back in Lexington. I shall never feel



(Continued on page 13).





 





 





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0





satisfied until I stand in William Brookle’

presence and tell him of his villainy and

double— dealing.”



Pauline looked at him wistfully. That

was. a phase of his character which was

new to her.



“I supposed you were friends," she

said.’ Then she started. “Ah, did not





' Doctor Kennedy tell me that he was con-





nected with your uncle’s troubles?”



“He was the cause of it, Pauline. And

it was thru my uncle’s love for me that

William Brooks struck him. May I tell

you the whole story? I do not want you

to think me unjustly bitter and reVenge—

ful.” '



“Yes, tell

frank reply.



As the horses walked along the shady

country road, Gerald Clay told the story

of his uncle‘s unfortunate investment and

of what had followed it. Again the youngr

man’s face grew threatening, and his

eyes gleamed with a flame-like light.



“There are two things that I cannot

overlook," he said in conclusion. “One

is that it was'Uncle Thomas‘s love for

me, his desire for my advancement, that

Brooks appealed to. The other is my uncle’s

broken health. It was the mental shock

that brot 'on his illness. When I look

upon his bent form and aged face I find

myself longing to punish 'William Brooks

as he deserves."



“That feeling is natural." Pauline said

softly. “What a fearful thing is avarice!

It was the love of money that caused

Mr. Brooks to lie and steal."



“I am sure that the money is still in

his possession, for I do not believe his

story of the investment. It] could wrest

it frOm him! It is not that I care so

much for the money myself, but to lose

his ill-gotten gains would be the sorest

punishment that could be inflicted upon

Brooks. I shall go to Lexington tomor-

row and have an interview with him."



, “Will that do any good?” she asked,

with woman's ever—ready fear of personal

danger. “I hope you will run no risks."



Gerald smiled grimly. “Brooks would

.run before he would light. If I can only

find that miSsing note!"



Early the, next morning Gerald started

for Lexington. He rode to a station live

miles distant where he could take a train

for the city. There he left Bonny Bess,

as he intended returning that evening.



It was ten o’clock when he arrived in





me all about it,” was her





Lexington. Instead offizoing to the office

of Mr. Brooks he went at once. to the





lawyer’s home. That was a fine new

house situated in an excellent part. of the

city. Gerald's ring was anchred by a.

pleasant-faced maid.



“Tell Mr. Brooks that a gentleman

wishes to see him at once."



”Mr. Brooks does not receive business

callers here,” the girl said hesitatingly.

“He told me to say that he would be at

his—”



Just then the curtains that closed a

doorway opening from the hall were

pushed aside, to allow Mr. Brooks to

pass. 'He did not notice that anyone was

at the door. Gerald stepped by the girl,

saying: “I want a talk with you, Mr.

Brooks. No, I will not take any denial.”



The lawyer made a movem_ent as if to

Withdraw into the room that he had just

quitted. His face grew strangely pale.

It was evident; that he was making a

great -effort to retain his self—control.

For a. moment he stood still, breathing

heavily. Then he stepped aside and mo-

tioned Gerald to precede him into the

parlor.



“I am glad to see you, Gerald, but your

abruptncss startled me, as I am not Well.





Sit down and tell me how it is with

you.”



He walked forward, holding out his

hand. Gerald drew back.



“I cannot take your hand: it struck





down my uncle. No, I will not sit down."



“Can it be possible that you blame me

for your uncle's loss? I. have grieved

over it; it was most unfortunate that I

accepted his money for investment just

at that time. He was not the only loser,

Gerald, for I lost my all."



“I wish you would drop that mask of

hypocrisy,” Ierald said in a high, hard

voice. “Neither my uncle nor myself

believe that you lost in that transaction.

You urged the investment upon Uncle

Thomas, telling him that the stock would

double in value in a year. Because you

claimed to be interested in me, the old

man trusted you. \Villiam Brooks, you

are a villain. You dealt that trusting,

honored man a blow from which he will

never recover. And I am sure that you

lied about the stock. I do not believe

that one ’dollar of my uncle’s money was

ever invested in the North Lode Mining

Company.”



The lawyer's eyes could not meet Ger-





ald’s haWk- like gaze.





He turned away

his face, and a shudder passed over his

form.» "



“You are unjust to me, Gerald. No one

will credit such a hot- headed, foolish

statement.”



“We will see as to that. You never

forwarded the certificates of stock to my

uncle. Where are they?”



“Why 1-——if I did not send them they

must be in my safe at the office.”



“I will go with you to get them now."



“I<—-I will look them up and send them

to——VVhy, they are Captain Clay’s. You

have no right to demand them."



“Have I not? Well, to—morrow you





shall receive an order for them, from

my uncle.”

“See here, Gerald. This is all non—





sense. I am sure that I sent the certi-

ficates to the captain.”



“When?”



“The very day »I made the purchase.

I remember all about it now.”



”You do not lie skillfully, Mr. Brooks;

you are putting yourself in a tight place.

I have a letter that you wrote my uncle

making a formal statement of the pur—

chase and saying that you would send the

certificates in a few days."



“What is the use of talking about

them? It is not surprising that I for-

got, after all of the trouble that I have





had. Even if the certificates were at

hand, you must know that they are not

Worth the paper upon which they are





printed. ”

".l‘hat may be so, but until I see them





 





THE MICI‘IIGAN FARMER





 





in your home is a terrible thing to

contemplate.



Stop and think.



Did you ever hear the cry of

“Fire!” ring out through the air,

without having a thrill something

akin to horror pass up and down

your spine?



And then think of the danger it

necessarily brings with it, not only

to the home itself, but to other

things.



Forinstance where are your valu-

able papers, such as deeds, mort-

gages, bonds, or your will, etc.?



Are they safe?



If not, look into our idea for Safe

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and know that they were really purchased

in my uncle's name I shall hold the note:

that you gave him for sixty thousand5

dollars as binding upon you and what-

ever property you possess.”



William Brooks’ under jaw dropped;

for a moment a look of hopeless conster-

nation swept over his face. Then he,

threw back his head, the light of battle

in his eyes.



“W'hat note?’ I did give one to your

uncle, but this transaction in stocks can-

celed it. You cannot produce such a

note, I know that."



Gerald felt as if a hand had clutched

his throat. He had not

Brooks knew of the loss of the note.





“Why do you think we cannot produce

it?" he asked defiantly. “You will find

out. one thing, and that is that this is a

fight to the death. If I cannot win back'

111_\ uncles money. I will b1and you as a.

thief in Lexington.



“As if I caitd for the opinion of Lex—i

ington! I shall not live here, not if It

can gather enough out of the wreck of

my fortune to live elsewhere. I under—

stand that you hate to see your uncle's

thousands slip thru your fingers: it: is of

yourself, not of the captain, that you

are thinking. There is no use of our

talking further of the matter.”



Gerald had already Started to leave the

room. 011 the threshold he halted to say,

“You will see me. again. If there is any

such thing as justice in the world, either

’l‘homas Clay’s money shall be returned

to him or_ the thief shall be punished.”





 





0n leaxing the house Gerald made his]

w: 1y at once to the office of lluf‘us Ken-1

ton, one of Lexingtons leading lawyers.

Mr. Kenton had long been a friend of

(‘aptain (‘lay‘s, and Gerald had before

talked over the loss of the money with

him. Now he asked the lawyer to take

the matter up and see if some definite

charges could not be preferred against:

\Villiam llrooks.



They talked for a long time, going into

the details of the. affair. l\lr. Kenton said:

“I have been looking 11p Brooks' financial

status, for another client, and find that

he has no property that the law can





touch. Ile owes considerable, and I am

sure that he has not a real friend in

Lexington. I doubt if Captain Clay's





money ever went out of the hands of

Brooks, but it will trouble us to prove

that. Did you notice howt badly he

looks? The man is going to pieces.”



“Have, we anything of a case against

him?” Gerald asked. “Even if the money

cannot be returned, I would like to Show

him up in court as a thief.”



“Three months ago I should have. said

that he knew the law too well to incrim-

inate himself, but he seems to be losing

his grasp upon things. I will bring pro-

(-eedings to force. him to produce the

certificates of stock. If we only had the

lost notcl”



“Rut Brooks does not deny

had the money.”



“He claims that the note was canceled

by the transaction in stocks. If we can-

not produce it, that will go to substan-

tiate his claim. Brooks must have heard

that the note is lost. You see, Gerald,

the affair has been widely discussed, and





 





that he





 





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dreamed “that





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Michigan 'Farmar’slllub List,





For the benefit and convenience of our sub-

scribers we have arranged tne following list of

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outage. Write for rates unless postage 13 known,

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lgnn Farmer alone to Canada In 1 cent per week.

Seen: lana-

NAME OF PUBLICATION. tion a ove.

Dull v.(6nWeok.) O O 0

Journal. Detroit. Mich ...... .. ............. 6 00 8 35 2 so

Free Press. Detroit ...................... 00 a 85 2 60

News. Detroit ........... 00 8 35 2 80

Times. Detroit .............................. 00 2 60 2 00

News Grand Rapids. 151011.. 2 50 1 76

Courier-Herald. Saginaw. Mlch.. "(Ina



Sunday) on R. B. ............................ 2 50 2 30 1 60

News. Cleveland, Ohio... .. 50 2 85 2 10

Tribune. Bay City. Mich . 00 2 35 1 05



Trl-Woekly. (8 a Week.)



World, New York, (3 a week) ............. l 00 1 40 90



Semi-Weekly. (2 a Week.)



Journal, Detroit, Mich.. ................... 1 00 1 35 76

Woolly Newman: and Current Omani.



Blade, Toledo. OhioJ ............ 1 00 1 85

Commoner, Wm .Bryn



Lincoln. Neb .................. 00 1 85 75

Harper’s Weekly. N. Y ........................ 4 00 4 00 a 80

Cattle, Sheep Swine. Poultry.eto.



Amerlc' n Poultry Journal, Chicagoan) 50 l 05 35

American Poultry Advocate, Syracuse.



N. Y. m) ........................................ 60 l 16 35

American Sheep Breeder. Chicago (m) l 00 l 50 80

American Swineberd. Chicago. (111).. 50 1 06 86

Breeders’ Gazette. Chicago. Ill. (w).. 2 00 1 66 1 10

Farm Poultry Boston, Mass. (11- m-) ...... 50 1 05 85

Gleanlngs in Bee Culture, Medina, 0.



1 40 15

(W )

Horse World Buffalo, N.





Horseman Chicago, (In)...

Jersey Bulletin, Indianspol





 





 





 





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Desirable Farms can be secured for

SIO PER ACRE AND UP

alongfhe N. 8; W. Ry. Full information

and valuable booklet upon request

F H. LaBAUME

Agriculfuial and Industrial Agent





Nerf folk & Western Railway, '

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Klrribsll’?) Dairy Farmer, Waterloo. 1 00 1 0011 00

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Poultry Keeper. Quincy, Ill. (m) ........ 50



Poultry Success. Springfield, 0. (m)... . 50



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Amerlcsl Magazine (m) ......... 75

Cosmopolitan, N. Y. m) l 00

Century Magazine, N. Y. (m) 3 76

Harper’ 5 Magazine. N. Y. (mu 3 35

Hurpers Bazar, N. Y. (m l 00

m) 2 50

Metropolitan Mag. N. Y. (m .. 1 50

Pearson’s Magazine. New York m l 60

Review of Reviews, )

McClures, N. Y. 4 00

World To-dny, Chicago, Ill m)..1 50

Ladies’ or Household.

Housewife, N. Y. (m) ........................... 36 1 06 30

Housekeeper. Mlnneapolis. Minn. (m) l 00 1 46 60

Home Magazine. Atlanta. Go. (In) 1 00 1 40 80

Ladies' World, Y. (m) ..................... 501 10 40

McCall’ a Magazine. N. Y. (m ).. .. 50 1 10 40

Mother’ 3 Mag” Elgln, Ill. (m).. .. 50 1 10 50

Vick’ 5 Family Mag. (m) ...................... 50. 96 85

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’14 .i _ my,"





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awakening° a low; 'melodious rustling,

cool his brow. ‘ ¥ - , .

‘fI am coming to look at matters from





more I will search the library.” Gerald .your,standpoint 'mysélf.” he said- “It





said, 'as he arose to go.



Two days later Gerald received a let—

ter from Mr. Kenton who had had an

interview with Brooks. (Mr. Kenton had

been received in the same spirit as had

marked the beginning of the interview

with Gerald. Brooks deplored the pur-

chase of the mining stock and told a

pitiful story of his young kinsman’s un-

just accusation against him. He admitted

giving' Captain Clay the note, but said

the purchase of the mining stock had

done away with the obligation. He was

not sure whether the captain had re-

turned the note to him or not. Indeed,

he had given the matter little thot, as he

had trusted Thomas Clay implicitly. As

to the certificates of stock, he had sup-

posed that they had been sent to the

captain. If not, they must be among his

own papers, or they might have been

destroyed as worthless. It was really

of no matter, for the stock possessed

no value.



Mr. Kenton stated that, in his judg-

ment, the whole strength of the case lay

in the production of the note. While

the letter containing the statement of the

purchase of stock proved that the note

had not then been given up, there was

no proof, save Thomas Clay’s word

against that of Brooks, that it had not

been handed over at the time of the

meeting at Elm Hill. The captain’s ill-

ness would make it difiicult to give his

account of that interview weight. Mr.

Kenton promised to push the case against

Brooks, but repeated the statement that,

even if the lawyer could be proved guilty,

he had no property to replace what he

had taken.



Gerald was not disheartened. The

meeting with William Brooks had stirred

the depths of the young man’s nature.

It was not so much the money or re-

venge that he was seeking as it was the

proving to the world that Captain Clay

had been stricken down by the hand of

Brooks.





Chapter Vill.—-The Old Story Told.





Spring merged into summer. Gerald

Clay filled many of his waking hours

with earnest work. His farming opera-

tions were prospering. The number of

cows kept at the farm had doubled, and

the sale of the cream was proving profit-

able. Gerald had put out more tobacco

than was usual at Elm Hill, and the crop

promised ample returns for the time and

labor bestowed upon it.



At the close of the school year Pauline

went away from Clayton. She had agreed

to come back for another your in the

school. Her vacation was to be spent

with a girl friend who lived near Cleve-

land. It was not to be a season entirely

given over to pleasure, for Pauline hoped

to do some good work with her camera.

Encouraged and aided by Gerald she had

prepared some descriptive articles for the

press, illustrating her own work. The

articles had been well received, and the

two friends had planned to continue the

work when Pauline was again at Clayton.



Gerald had let her go away without

telling her of his love. She met all of

his advances in such a frank spirit of

good-fellowship that he feared he was

only a friend. He hoped that the time

they were to spend apart would help his

cause, so he resolved to wait until she

returned to speak. Pauline promised to

write to him. She bade him hood—bye in

much the same manner that she did Cap-

tain Clay.



During the summer Arnold Blair spent

a week at Elm Hill. It was Blair's first

visit to Kenucky since his going to New

York. While he liked his work in the

bank, he was most enthusiastic over

Gerald’s position.



“It‘s the real thing, this life of yours,”

he said one morning when the two young

men were tramping over the farm. “I

have always felt that the farmer was

close to nature, but you—you are in touch

with men and things. You have read

twice as much as I have since we left

college. You are in correspondence with

the agricultural department at VVashing-

ton regarding some rare wild flowers

that you have found, you are preparing

a paper for the farmers’ club, and Doc-

tor Kennedy tells me that you are com-

ing to be one of the leading men in local

political circles. And to think that you

narrowly escaped being a city lawyer!”



Gerald laughed good naturedly. They

had paused beneath a large honey locust

that stood in the lane. The young farm-

er lifted his hat, letting the slight

breeze that swept across a field of corn,





one or two matters in which-I am inter-

ested shape themselves as I, desire, I

shall say that the failure of the North

Lode Mining Company was not so much

of a disaster as it at first looked to be.”



"Was it the North Lode Company that

swept away the, Clay fortune?” Blair

asked. “It seems a. little strange that I

should have anything to do with it."



“You! What can you have to do with

a. company that failed while you were a

college student?”



“It’s the bank” Instead of modestly





saying we, the young New Yorker says I.





You know that the North Lode was a. big

swindle. It went into the bank's hands.

My chief, Mr. Barnes, told me that as

soon as I was back, he and I were to go

over the North Lode’s books and see if

there was enough in the affair to pay the

bank for its trouble. There will not be

two cents on a dollar left for the poor

fellows who were gulled into buying the

stock.”



Gerald brot his hand down with a. re-

sounding blow upon his friend’s shoulder.

“Blair I believe you are the very man

I want the one to help me to hit that

villain, Brooks.” ,



“I’m willing to hit him as hard as you

hit me,” Blair replied with a. grimace.

“Just tell me in what direction to strike."



“It is just this way, Blair. I do not

believe that William Brooks ever bot a.

dollar’s worth of North Lode stock, either

for himself or my uncle. Will it be pos-

sible for you to find out if any stock was

ever sold to either one of those men?”



“Easiest thing in the world. We are

to go over the books. In a fortnight after

I return to New York I can tell you what

you want to know.”



As they walked on to the house they

thoroly discussed the transaction between

Captain Clay and William Brooks. Ger-

ald had seen Mr. Kenton a few days be-

fore and learned from him that Brooks

had again left Lexington. Mrs. Brooks

was in poor health, and the doctors had

ordered them north during the heated

season. Brooks had asked to have the

case against him put over until the au-

tumn term of'court, and his request could

not be refused.



“Kenton says that he is confident Brooks

will try to prevent the case ever coming

to trial,” Gerald said in conclusion. “He

does not understand how bitterly I resent

his treatment of my uncle. I will carry

on the case—forever, if necessary.



Blair’s visit was a great pleasure, not

only to Gerald but also to the old captain.

The young men rode, drove, fished, and

spent two days in Lexington. W'hen they

were at the farmhouse both of them

made an effort to include the captain in

their plans. He. went with them for

drives, and, when they walked about the

grounds, they suited their steps to his

tottering ones.



“Do you think that it was so very sel-

fish in me to let Gerald stay here, Blair?"

Captain Clay asked one morning when

he and young Arnold sat upon the ver-

anda.



“Selfish in you? Now see here, Cap-

tain Clay. If any other man had called

it that to me I should have knocked him

down, providing he was not a bigger fel-

low than I am. It will be the making-of

Gerald. You and I thot that he was a.

pretty fine fellow before this happened,

but here he has come into his own, and

he will make a man who will be a worthy

successor of yourself.”



The old man smiled. "He has more

force and push than I had. Sometimes,

Blair, I am afraid. But for me, he might

have made a name for himself."



“But for you, he would not have had

an education. You mean that he shall

be your heir, and such a farm as this

does not come to be every young man’s

portion. Gerald is putting up no kick:

he is happy here, and you will live to

see him in Congress.” ,



“I hope that I shall live to see his

children playing round my chair. That

is all I ask. Gerald is the last Clay, and

I pray that he may escape the loneliness

that has been my portion.”



It was the last of August before Blair

returned to New York. He promised that





Gerald should hear from him regarding_





the North Lode stock as soon as the

work upon the books was done."



Gerald was looking forward to the re-

turn of Pauline. Her letters had been

bright and friendly, but of so impersonal

a nature that he could give them to Cap-

tain Clay to read. In his replies the

young man ventured to infuse a note of

tenderness, but Pauline did not seem to

notice it.





The girl reached Clayton on the Friday

before" her school was to commence on

Monday. She found in her room a note

from Gerald, asking her to go with him

for a ride the next afternoon. He seemed

sure of her acceptance of the invitation

for the note closed with he statement

that he would call for her,,bringing Belle

with him, at three o’clock.



The next day was bright and warm.

Gerald tied the horses at the gate and

went up the walk, between ~beds of

blooming flowers. Pauline came down

stairs in her dark green riding habit, and

the color in her cheeks rose to a soft

crimson as Gerald bent over her hand.





“Both Uncle Thomas and Cousin Lizy

declared that we must be at Elm Hill

for the six-o’clock supper. I may keep

her, may I not, Mrs. Kennedy, and bring

her home by moonlight?"



“I cannot say no to that, not when I

remember how glad the captain will be

to see her,” was Mrs. Kennedy’s smiling

response. "We are so glad to get her

back, the doctor and I.”



Soon they were off. Pauline smiled

contentedly as they trotted thru the vil-

lage.



”I have not been on a horse since I

left here. And there never was a. horse

quite like you, Belle. .How beautiful the

fields are! It is as if all nature smiled

a welcome upon my return."



For two hours they rode along the

pleasant country highway. Suddenly Ger-

ald said: “A half mile from here there

is a gate which opens into one of the

Elm Hill fields. Let us cross the field

and ride thru the woods. We can go to

the house by way of the lane. I know‘

that the woodland is a favorite spot of

yours." i



Pauline nodded gayly. “All roads leadE

to Paradise on a day like this." “



‘We shall ride on, we two,



With life forever old yet new,’ "

Gerald quoted. “I could ask no better

fate, Pauline." ‘ !



Her color rose, but she made no re-;

sponse. They rode on in silence. Twice:

Gerald dismounted to open and close al

gate. It was not until they had passed:

into the cool quiet depths of the woods.

that he said:



"I am going to ask you to dismountE

and sit with me on that log where we?

sat the first time we‘met here, nearly a5

year ago. Pauline, there is something}

that I want to tell you.” ,



She hesitated. Her trust in him was.I

perfect, yet her woman’s intution enabled

her to discern his meaning. She was

not displeased, but for him to speak

would be to brush the bloom from the

peach.



Gerald lifted her to the ground and

tied the horses. - She stooped to gather a.

spray of lavender, yellow-centered wild

asters, then walked on and sat down

upon the log that he had designated be-

fore he could join her.



Ere he took his place at her side Ger-

ald stood for a moment, looking down

upon her. She had removed her hat, and

a sunbeam that wandered down thru

the swaying green leaves fell across her

black hair, making it gleam like jet.





“Pauline, I love you. At first when I

knew that love had awakened in my

heart, I said to myself that I must hold

my peace, because I could not ask you to

be a farmer’s wife. I love the lite, Paul-

ine. For myself, I am not sure that I

would change, but, if' you will be my

wife, when my duty to Uncle Thomas is

done, our life shall be what you say.

Dear, have I hoped in vain?"



It was an hour later when they arose.

Gerald’s face was radiant, while that of

Pauline was aglow with blushes and

tender smiles.



“Cousin Lizy will be fretting because

the supper is cold.” said Gerald. “Come

sweetheart. I long to share my Joy with

Uncle Thomas."



Again they rode in silence, passing

along the lane and into the back yard.

Pete came forward to take the horses,

and Gerald led Pauline roun the house,

for he was confident that he would find

his uncle on the veranda.



The captain was there. At the sound

of footsteps he looked up from the book

in his hands. He laid down the volume

and rose to his feet.



“Miss Pauline! I am so glad, so very

glad, to see you!”



“You must give her a daughter's wel-

come, I‘ncle Thomas. Pauline has prom-

ised to be my wife.”



“Thank God that my dream has come

true! Dear boy, it was what I hoped for.

Pauline, my boy is as worthy of you as

a man can be of a, woman. My little

girl, you are very welcome to Elm Hill.”



(To be continued).





 





 





 





 





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The Model 16, lG-gauge M1 is the

only light weight repeating shotgun made.

It weighs but 6% pounds, handles fast and

shoots close and hard. It is unequalled for



quail shooting, for

squirrels, rabbits and

all small game.





Before buying a gun,

just get our lad-page

catalog. Bent free -

by return mail—for 3

stumps postage.





”Iowa/item)»: G.





127 Willow Street. NEW HAVEN. CONN.





 





. ‘ 3n wagrsoss MFTAL SHINGLES.

J H" l ‘ Can’t ;nlt,.gan.':'::‘r°o'<:k.I'gxli'f'o:innt:.p.gaui:iv

"' . IOITIOIS METAL SIIIIBLE 60.. HIDE]. I. 1.





WANTED AGENTS to sell the Farmers Account

Book. Exclusive Territory, Quick Seller, Big

Indus-manta. L. 1.. BYPKEBB. Fort Wayne. Ind.





WANTED-For U. 5. Army. able-bodied unm-r.

tied men between use of u and 35. citizen: of

United States, of good character and tempera.

habits. who can speak, read and write English. rot

information app to neomlting onion, 60 Lafayette

Ava. Detrolt ' uvenrlon Block. Begin-w. and

Pout one. Building. Flint. men.





   





 





 





 





JAN 2.1909. L





 





 

 





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. JAN. 2. 1909.





OF INTEREST e—

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HOME CHATS WITH FARMERS’

WIVES.





BY ELLA E. Rocxwoon.

The Old and the New in Housekeeping.





Sometimes we need the contrast be-

tween the new and the old in order to

fully comprehend the improvements

which are from time to time being brot

into general use. We have been told that

the olden days, with their primitive

simplicity of living. were far superior to

the present, and now in one locality at

least, the truth of this statement is to

be demonstrated or the idea exploded.



The department of social science at

the University of Illinois is to furnish

up two apartments where the, women of

the college will have an opportunity to

study the relative advantages of house-

keeping under such conditions as were

to be found in our grandmothers' days

and compare them with the most up-to-

date of modern methods.



For this purpose one of the rooms will

be equipped with every modern improve-

ment for doing kitchen and laundry work

While the other will contain only such

fittings as prevailed during the period

before such improvements were known.

In this demonstration coal and wood are

to be used as fuel, oil lamps or candles

will furnish light, the water for domestic

purposes will be drawn by means of an

old fashioned pump, and, rag carpets will

he tacked over the soft pine floor, or

else the latter will be left bare to be

cleaned, by old-time soap and sand, we

suppose.



The classes in domestic science will

have charge of the two apartments and

careful account is to be kept of the

comparative expense in operating, as well

as the difference in time and labor con-

sumed, the relative convenience, and so

on. The outcome of such a comparison

can scarcely fail to prove the superiority

of twentieth century ideas, and it is a

foregone conclusion that not. one of the

women engaged in the experiment would

be willing to go back to keeping house

as her grandmother did, after the dem-

onstration is over.



Yet is it not a good idea for women to

recall occasionally the circumstances un-

der which their fore—mothers labored?

How else can they rain any adequate

conception of the vast difference between

those days and these?



Let us see what the conditions were

in the home two generations ago. In the

first place, there were. very few cook

stoves at that time in use. All the cook-

ing was done over a fire of coals in the





fireplace. Great iron kcttlcs which

women now-a—days could hardly lift

were swung on heavy cranes OVcr the





fire where the contents bubbled merrily

until cooking was complctcd.



There Were two kinds of ovens, one

of brick, built into one side of the fire—

place, which was hcalcd by building a

fire inside of it. \thn it had bccomc

sufficiently heated the coals \vcre rakcd

out, the ashes swept away and the arti-

cles to be baked placcd inside. Here

there were baked those famous loavcs of

rye and Indian, also the wholcsomc

whcaten loavcs long before the process

(if the rollcr mill was thot of. ls it: any

wonder that grandmother baked an

ovenful at a time? When we. considcr

what it meant to get that brick oven

at the right temperature we can under-

stand that it was good judgment to uti—

lize it to the fullest capacity.



The other kind of OVr‘n referred to was

made of tin, a later invention, and was

open (11 one side. This was placed be—

fore the fireplace, the, heat of the coals

doing the work of baking such articles

as cake, cookies. biscuit 0r potatoes. This

did not necessitate so much labor as

did baking in the big oven. It could be

placed quite near the fire 01' drawn back

farther as the state of the baking pro—

g'cssed.



Grandmother had a rain barrel to hold

the soft water so much desired for laun-

dry work. Later, when she had a cistern

the water was drawn up in pails by the

tedious process of hand over hand. As

houses were small the amount of water

obtained from the roof of each was small

in proportion and lye from wood ashes

was called into requisition to “cleanse”

theihard water from the well or spring

when the supply ran short, which it fre-

quently did.



Few girls of the present time ever saw

a spinning wheel, yet in the good old





days every household spun its own wool

into yarn, not alone for stockings and

socks but also for clothing. The boys

and men must have the “full cloth" for

their suits and the girls and women the

woolen or flannel for petticoats and

gowns. The wool was usually made into

rolls, spun and dyed at home, altho the

weaving might be done outside the home

by a. professional weaver. It must then

be cut and made, all by hand, for there

were then no sewing machines invented.

The dye-tub was a regurar part of the

household equipment, and not only the

beautiful indigo but the equally attractive

reds and browns in numerous shades

were products to be proud of. Indeed,

dyeing and weaving as then practiced

have now become lost arts.



The women of the household in those

days were required to do all the knitting

for the family. The endless click of the

needles during every spare moment was

the music to which conversation was at-

tuned. Setting the heel, casting on or

off, widening and narrowing, were famil-

iar terms to every girl. To have. pieced

a quilt and knit a pair of hose before

she. was ten years old was nothing un-

common, indeed, it was rulable for moth-

ers to see that their daughters did this.



Another knitting stunt performed by

the women of fifty years ago was making

the double yarn mittens, indispensable

as hand coverings for those engaged in

out-of—door occupations during cold

weather. These were often real works of

art, with their stripes of blue or red and

wliite,_tapcring so cvcnly at finger and

thumb that one could scarce see where

the stripes vanished when they went to

nothing, one after another dropping out

as the narrowing process approached a

finish. The ornamented wrists of looped

fringe, often blocked off in the two colors,

Completed these very serviceable hand

coverings. “'hcre is there a Woman who

could make such a pair today. unless

it should be some white—haired grand-

mother, the last of a fast—passing gen-

c ra t ion ?



\thn we contrast the home of that: day

with our own we find that we have much

the best of it. \Ve may not all have

every labor—saving device upon the mar-





ket, but there are few who do not have

many more than grandmother had. She

had no clothes wringcr, no carpet





sweeper, nor did she have many carpets

to sweep. Ilpon the occasional instance

when the laitcr was found in the, average

home it was made, of woolcn yarn; rag

carpets, as we know thcm, were an after

thoi‘, more modcrn than llmsn made of

yarn. She had no friction matches: those

convenient articlcs which we use so lav-

ishly and which reprcscnt to us so little





cost, were then unknown. Il‘ire was

started by means of a flint, and once

mung was kcpt up continually. At bed





time it was carefully (-ovcrcd with ashes

to prcvcnt its dying out.

on uvi'akcning in the morning the house—

holder would find that the fire had gone

out during the. night and some member

of the family would bc dcspatchcd in

haste to the. ncarcst nc'ghbors to get

some coals with which to start it again.



(loing thru the, list of articles consid-

crcd indispensable in the homes of the

moderately well—to-do, we find few with

which the housekeeper of that day had

any acquaintance. Even the kerosene

lamp had not made its appearance; the

illumination of the. home, such as it





Occasionally





was, was restrictcd to the use of tallow

dips. The candle mold, long since rcle-





gatcd to the attic or to the pioneer col—

lection, is of munparativcly recent date

compared to the dip. Before, the day of

the dip there was the rag burning in a

dish of grease, called a “slut.” This was

made. by tying a button in a rag and

setting it in a saucer filled with lard or

other fat, allowing one. end of the rag

to protrude far enough to be lighted.

Think of this, yo housewives of the year

1909. and cast no longing glance into the

past. with a wish for the “good old days

of yore.”



It is not necessary to take up the other

side, for all are familiar with what the

inventions of science have made possible

to us of the present day and generation.

Yet there should be no halt in the for-

ward march. Much remains to be done.

We are going to witness wonderful pro-

gress in the next few years along the

line of development with the aid of elec-

tricity. Not only will this agent be doing

our lighting and heating but it will do





THE MICHIGAN FARMERT





our cooking and many of”the hard and

disagreeable tasks about the house. We

will have thoroly equipped laundries run

by it entirely. It will run all kinds of

machines and we will have all kinds of

machines‘for it to operate. It will do

our cleaning and sweeping, wash our win-



dows and our floors. In short, it Will ’ Write usaoostalor letter to-l

Work greater wonders than we have w%l}q%lovfiffiuUla9g

witnessed in the past, and rid housework WASHER means to You in the





« . , . - . saving of health-strength-time-

ohevery thing .but the part that we all money-clothes andsoap. Think of

enJoy. A friction match Will be as much





it! A tubful of clothes thoroughlfi

of a curiosity to the dwellers of this earth washed clean With very little wor

another century hence as is the flint as





in very little time. The

a means of striking fire at present day.





But without anticipating what the one Mlnute waSher





. - . , runs easierandwashesfaster-clean-

future has in store, what would our er-and betterthan anyotherwasher

grandmothers say of our modern home made. The high-speed fly-wheel.

equipment could the dear old ladies be





given an opportunity to inspect it? It

is a far Call from the rain barrel to the





Wash Clothes [leaner

Easier—faster





runs so easy that it hardly takes an





effort to start it-yet it makes the

ouble motion agitator lnSlde the

tub go tWice as fast as any other.

and washes clothes cleaner—With





nickle plated faucet, from the shabby out wear or tear.

out-house, With its attendant inconven- Tub is made of Southern Cypress

iences to the model bath room. The —the bes t water resxstm wood





grown. Bottom and Si as are

corrugated—thousands of knuckles

rub your clothes-while bailing

suds are forced through .at the

same time. Double motion ag-

itator means clean clothes in

one-half the time it takes





fireplace is not in it with the commod-

ious range, nor the tallow dip with its

feeble light, with gas or electricity. The

telephone is fairly magical, and the rural



delivery far beyond the Wildest dream g‘tfféfigwizsrheésémog

of not so very long ago. .. No.28 today.



So it is dead certain that those college ' 0n Mlnutu lull-r 60..

women will decide unanimously in favor kahuna”.

of the twentieth century housekeeping,

and it is not less a finality that a cen—

tury hence our own achievements will be

as irrevocably turned down by develop-

ments as yet unknown.



SIMPLE EMBROIDERIES FOR WAISTS.

BY MAE Y. MAHAFFY.



The so-callcd tailored waists need but

little embellishment, yet receive a looki

of greater elegance and individuality if





a few rows of embroidery are placed be-i

tween the tucks at either side of thel

front. The same pattern may be carriedl

out on a stock or collar, too, and a bowl more Big Crops In 1908

similarly decorated Will give a daintyg 60.000 gem“. from the United

finish at the throat, and carry 0 t a har- ’ Emmi“ 1908- NeWDm’iC‘FWWM

_ ' _ u i for settlement. 320 acres of land

nionious schcmc of ornamcntat’ion. i g; EACH SEJTLER—IGO free

7 . . . ' 0 B ' l ‘

\\ lute or colors are pcrnussable in 89315;??? pg;t‘ilc;g.0,acres

such embroidcrics; the pastel. shades,‘, AWN-“eh ““1“” “dam”

. . . . tented. prosperous people.” Ex-

(lclft blues, and tho like being given pref- tract from correspondence of a

K Ed't . h "t t

crcncc over the dark colors when used} wzzxfi'mgfi,’ £2”:gu£f'ms‘f

on a white, background. 1 was ““msl’m‘mn'

(inc waist which the. writer has ini

mind has the little vinc at No. 1 worked

at either side of the bosom plait for the





Many have paid the entire cost

entire length of the front, with Shorter





of their farms and had a balance of from $10

$20 per acre as a result of one crop.

lengt hs between three or four half—inch,

l

tucks at the shoulders.





Spring and Winter Wheat. Oats.

The Work was i

quickly outlining





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 





clpal crops. while the wild grasses bring

to perfection the best cattle that have ever

been sold on the Chicago market.



Splendid Climate. Schools and

Churches in all localities. Railways

touch most of the settled districts.

and prices for produce are always

good. Lands may also be purchased from

Railway and Land Companies.



For pamphlets. maps and information re-

garding low Railway Rates, 3. ply to Sup’t

of Immigration, Ottawa. gun” or to the

authorized Canadian Government Agent.





M. V. McInnes,6Avo.Theatr Bi 1:,

Detroit, Mich.; O. A. Laurie: fir-

quette. Mich.





Barley. Flax and Pens are the prin-

scrving for the





done,





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You get the highest prices and the

quickest returns when you ship your

furs to Funsten. We receive and sell

more furs direct from trapping sec-

tions than any house in the world. The

biggest American and foreign buyers

are represented at our daily sales. The

ficrco competition among buyers en-

ables us to get higher prices than any-

.- one else. That's why we can send you

‘ _ _tho most. money for your furs. and send

_ I it, quicker. Trappers outfits furnished at cost.





Big Money in Trapping

Whilo work is slack, do some trappin . If: two li

)rofits. We send our Trap er’s Guiti'e. FurpMiirlge‘tgz

i (-ports and Shipping Tags REE. Write today for

Catalog B and New Trapper‘s (w‘uirle, full of success

and money-mu king secrets—A LL SENT FREE.

Funslon Bros. & Co., 32l Elm Sl.,Sl. Louis, Mo.





O





00





(>0





O

O





and over—and—over stitch for the



A few stitchcs taken lengthwise

of each leaf for padding adds greatly

to the appearance, espccially whcn the

Work is ironed over a thick pad from the

wrong side.



Another waist has the quartets of dia—

monds in No. 2 uscd in similar fashion,

and is neat and effective“

Padding was uscd in this case also.



Any littlc scroll design may be utilized

after the manner of No. 3, and No. 4 is

easily markcd out around a thimble.

Larger rings may be substituted by fol-i

outline of a spool or other

circular form. These may simply be out-

lined if prefcrrcd, but a heavier, richer F,B,Myorg&Bron260rangeSt,,Ashlnmi.0,

appcarancc is obtained by solid embroid-





‘ THE

cry. When outlining designs like No. UMPS





. » PUMP

4 a pretty effect is secured by filling the ~





THAT

centers of the rings with tiny knots or caSh Paid for

Muskrats,0pposums,





reed stitches. R F

oxes, Badgers, WolvesI





Any of these designs will answer nicely»

for underwear, aprons, or children’s

‘ Beavers, Otter, and all fur bearin '

g . > g animals. We pay

exiiress charges. it?” Write for price list. GINSEHG





stems,





 





 





 

 





leaves.





   





,7 ' Does Your Granite Dlsh

"/ or Hot Water Bag Leak ?





ENDE 7'5





4 um" um”





   





'lhey mend all leaks in all utensils—tin



, Q) bruss,copper,granitoware.hotwutorhaga

Q etc. No solder: cement. or rivet. Any one

_cun use them: ht; any surface; two million



in use. Semi for sample pkg. 10c. Complete



pkg. assorted sizes, 25c pomp-id. Agents wonted.

Collette Mtg. 00., Box 1745 Amsterdam. N. Y.





RS





tTtl‘ie only Glut?) Y’alve Il’ump—nevet

Blc s—never ms—awu's r d.

. Also HAY TOOLS. Bai-n Elixir

Hangers. Ha Rack Clamps.

Write today for irculars and Prices.





   

 





cxcmalingly





 





 

 





lowing the





 





As New York is the bet:t

fur market in America.

we can and do pay high‘

estcash prices for hides of



kunks, Minks, ’Coons.





clothing, and for numerous bits of fancy

e also pay best prices for





work where a small repeating pattern is

desirable, and will doubtless remind the

readers of others which they can carry BELT' BUTLER 60- ‘44 Greene St. New York

out with equal ease, and with the added writin



. g to advertisers net as “s

delight originality brings. ‘ WHEN your ad. in the Michigan Fnrxiierflew
«Tc-b” ' .





.- -...:a-szf;,........ .





 





 





 





 





. 16 um.)

OUR PATTERNS-





Price, 10 cents each. Waist and skirt

patterns are . usually separate, therefore

be sure .to send 20 cents for a two-piece

suit pattern which has two numbers, 6.

e.,- a. waist number and a skirt number;

if such a pattern has but one number,

send only 10 cents. Order by number and

title of pattern. If for children, give age;

for adults, give bust measure for waists,

and waist measure for skirts. Be sure to

give size when you order. Address orders

to Pattern Department, The Michigan

Farmer, Detroit, Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





Names of Patterns Illustrated Above.





(Be Sure and Give Size when Ordering).



No. 8326. Attractive and Becoming

House Dress. Sizes for 32, 34, 36, 38,

40, 42 and 44 in. bust measure.



No. 8345. A popular Button Skirt Model.

Sizes for 22, 24, 2 , 2S alld 30 in. waist

measure.



No. 8336. A neat Shirt Waist with or

without yoke facing. Sizes for 32, 34,

36, 38 and 40 in. bust measure.





No. 8334. Girl’s Dress with Panel Front

and Shield. Sizes for 8, 10, 12 and 14

years.



No. 8315. An excellent Work Apron.

Patterns for small, medium and large

size.



No. 8281. Ladies’ Corset Cover. Sizes

from 32 to 42 in. bust measure.



No. 8302. Ladies’ Dressing Sack. Sizes

from 32 to 42 in. bust measure.



No. 8330. Girls' Empire Dress. Sizes 6,





8, 10, 12 and 14 years.





Will someone kindly give instructions

for making a silk quilt or slumber robe!

-—Inva.lid, Inkster, Mich.





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMEK





HYGIENE IN RURAL SCHOOLS. l||.,





 





BY CHARLOTTE A. AIKENS.



A lady remarked not lOng ago that her

little seven-year-old girl knew facts

about the human body that her grand~

mother died without knowing. She was

rejoicing in the teaching of physiology

in the schools. And it is something to

rejoice in—if it is taught properly, and

the lessons are applied to daily life. Phy-

siology teaches of the functions of the

different parts of the body in health. Hy-

giene teaches how the health of these

organs may be preserved and the two

studies naturally fit into each other. An

editorial in a school magazine calls at-

tention to the neglect to make this study

practical. The editor says: “The safe-

guarding of the health of the school child

can be accomplished only when there is

intelligent co-operation of children, par-

ents, and the school authorities. * ” “

Unfortunately it is not a very interesting

study to most children, or at least it is

not made interesting. So much time and

space have to be given to the evil effects

of alcohol and tobacco that the child

wonders what it is all about, and at the

end has little more than a confused idea

that physiology, alcohol and tobacco are

in some way closely allied. Yet physiol-

ogy can be made interesting as well as

valuable to the child.



“A class of forty boys averaging ten

years of age was having a recitation on

the physiology of digestion. The use of

the teeth, mouth, saliva and stomach

juices were considered, and the answers

given showed the results of good teach-

ing, but when the exercise was over there

was left the feeling of incompleteness.

What had the boys gained that was use-

ful? Some knowledge of the processes

of digestion. But how were they to make

use of this knowledge? So far, it was a

general knowledge only. Could any part

of it be made personal? Why, yes, the

part the teeth play in the process of di-

gestion might be made personal. Ques-

tions were then asked concerning the

value of the teeth. What would happen

if there were too few teeth or none at

all? \thlt caused a loss of teeth? What

wer‘e the evil results of rotten teeth?

The boys were eager to answer these

questions, edged out of seats, waved

hands frantically, scowled at wrong an-

swers, and when called upon to answer,

stood erect by the desk and proudly gave

what they considered correct answers.

To the final question, 'How many of you

boys have cleaned your teeth this morn:-

ing’? there was but one response. One-

boy in a class of forty had cleaned his

teeth that morning. The other boys sat

dcjectedly in their seats. Further ques-

tioning showed that more than onc~llalf

of these boys made no use of the tooth

brush at all, the others only occasionally.



“If the study of physiology were made

more perSonal in its application, if less

attention were given to the evils of alco-

hol and tobacco, which children use not

at all, and the time thus spent were given

to the study of personal hygiene made

simple and attractive, an interest in

physical development and the care of

the body for the joys it would bring,

would take the place of the present

apathy.”



Suppose the tooth brush test were made

in your school, how many children could

respond that they were required to clean

their teeth daily? Without question many

of the older readers of this paper will

scoff at the idea of school children being

asked such questions, or of children being

made to clean their teeth. It may be that

some of the most indignant scoffers are

themselves wearing a set of “store teeth”

which they secured after much pain and

an expenditure of from fifteen to twenty-

five dollars. It may be that their breath

is foul and offensive frmn rotten teeth,

yet they will scoff at the idea of a boy

or girl being taught to try to preserve

the teeth. Tooth brushes can be hot at





the five and ten cent store for a nickel

or a dime. “Store teeth” are rather ex-





pensive necessities. lVouldn’t it seem

sensible to teach the coming generation if

possible how to avoid having to depend on

“store teeth” by caring properly for the

set of teeth the Creator has provided?

And why should it seem more absurd to

clean the teeth than to clean the head

or the face? Or it may be the man will

say: “I have a good set of teeth and I

never used a tooth brush in my life,"

which may be true but is no guarantee

that his child will have an unusually

sound set of teeth, no argument that his

child’s teeth need no care.



“If I were asked,” says Professor Osler,

“to say whether more physical deterior-

ation was produced by alcohol or by de-

fective teeth, I should unhesitatingly say





 





 





defective teeth." This is a. strong state-

ment but .it is based on long years of

study of physical defects and disease.

Consider the numbers of men and women

who never touch alcohol yet who suffer

from digestive troubles due in large meas-

ure ,to defects of the. teeth or neglect

to chew the food sufficiently. '



A good old farmer is bewailing the

fact that the Board of Education. of a

certain state is requiring that physical

culture be taught even in rural schools. It

has lOng been a requirement in city

schools. The teacher of the school in

the district where our old friend lives,

a young man, very sensibly took the

children in good weather, out into the

school grounds and gave them some

marching exercises, arm and deep breath-

ing exercises, etc. “They're ruining the

children with these new fangled notions,”

the good old man bewailed. “They have

them marching like soldiers, and are put-

ting war notions in their head.” In most

ways this old gentleman is quite pro-

gressive but he could see no need for phy-

sical culture exercises, and no. good that

could result from them. Right in his

own home lives a little granddaughter

eleven years old, already so round-should-

ered that it is distressing to think of it.

She is thin, nervous and hollow chested.

Her mother and her maternal grand-

father went to early graves from tuber-

culosis. 'She needs all the training in

physical development she will get at the

rural school and a good deal more, if she

is to develop into a healthy woman, yet

her grandfather thinks that even a few

half—hours a week spent in teaching the

children to stand erect, throw the should-

crs back, expand the chest, and so on

is wasted. He thinks the whole time

should be spent in developing the mind,

and that the body will take care of itself.

There are thousands like him. This same

man has a grandson of seventeen almost

as round-shouldered as his grandfather

of seventy-fivc—a condition for which

the school and the bicycle are partly

responsible. Somehow the body doesn’t

take, care of itself, and even in the coun-

try districts, young men and women die

from one cause or another.



It would certainly be a good thing if

every rural school teacher as well as

every city teacher, were required to be

able to teach physical exercise, if the

children were required to sit and stand

erect and keep the shoulders thrown back

and give the lungs a full chance to

expand.



“We cannot leave our children an in-

heritance of money,” said a very sensible

mother the other day, “but we can leave

them the inheritance of a sound body,

and I am determined to do all I can to

equip them for life in that way.” The

child of the farm has a much better

chance to develop a sound robust body

than the city child, but he needs all the

help that the rural school can give him





 





in that direction. While the rural schools,

are being reformed and the teaching is‘

being better adapted to rural life the

authorities might as well take one more’

advance step and require that teachers

be able to conduct physical development

classes.



IDEAS





PUTTING ADVANCED INTO





PRACTICE.





 





BY M. v. B.



We hear a great deal about ways and

means of keeping the boys and girls at

home when they are thru with their

college course, but very seldom do we

hear of any successful solution of the

problem, especially if the young man

and young woman are ambitious and

want to work out some of their ideas

where' they will count for experience in

any particuler line.



Word comes to me from a friend in

Massachusetts whose only child, a daugh-

ter of twenty, a graduate of an excel.

lent woman’s college, is really being given

an opportunity right at home to put into

practice some of her hard won knowl-

edge of house management. She has

complete financial management of the

household. The money is turned over to

her, and she looks after the buying, etc.,

paying for everything by check. She

gives her father and mother a certain

allowance, and has full charge of the

balance, dividing and spending it accord-

ing to her theoretical knowledge. The

mother writes me that the plan is work-

ing well, and that the girl is very happy,

and very busy. Who can estimate the

value of such an opportunity to the right

kind of a girl—as this one is?



I would like to hear of some farmer

giving his college—educated boy such a.

chance. on the home farm. .





 





inex . .





 





This Recipe for Home-

made Cough Cure is

Worth Saving.





Most of the suffering and most

of the serious diseases that result

from colds and coughs could be





)

remedy you will always have it

E handy. A teaspoonful dose, taken





will ward off a vast amount of

suffering and possible danger. This

is the recipe:



Granulated Sugar Syrup. .13% oz.

P ................... 2% oz.





entilely prevented if the proper

medicine were on hand and could

be taken conveniently when the

first signs of trouble appeared.

By saving the recipe given below

you will always have an excellent





.prescription for colds and h

i 1' better coug s





when the first symptoms arise,





Put the Pinex (50 cents’ worth)

in a pint bottle and fill up the bot-

tle with

Syrup, made as follows:

pint of Granulated Sugar, add one-

half cup of water, stir and let boil

just a moment. If kept well corked

it will never spoil so that this pint

of cough medicine will last a fam-





about 54 cents and is very pleasant

to take. Dose: A teaspoonful every

one, two or three hours as required.



Simple as it is,

way superior to the ready- made

syrups that cost five or six times

as much. Obstinate deep- seated

coughs usually yield to it inside

of twenty- four hours. It is also an





cough pains in the chest, bron-

chial troubles, hoarseness, etc.



In using this recipe get the real

Pinex, which is the most valuable

concentrated compound of Norway

White Pine Extract and is vastly

superior to the weaker pine oil or

pine tar preparations.

gist has it or will gladly get it for

you if you ask him.





5 ily a long time.

five minutes at a total co'st of

excellent





 





yet, by making up the





the Granulated Sugar

Take a





It can be made in





it is in every





remedy for whooping





Your drug—





 





LET US TAN 9:

YOUR HIDE,





Whether Cow. Steer, Bull, or Horse





Hide, Calf Dog,D





hide or skin, soft. light. odorless and

moth proof for robe rug coat. or gloves,

and make them up when so ordered.



But first get. our illustrated catalog,

with prices, shipping tags and instruc-

We are the largest custom fur

banners of large wild and domestic

animal skins in the world.



Distance makes no difference what- '

ever. Ship three or more cow or horse

hides together from anywhere, and

Crosby pays the freight both ways. We '

sell fur coats and gloves, do taxidermy

Imd head mounting.





l'be Crosby Frisian Fur Company.

Rochester, N. Y.





tions.





eer, or any kind of





 





 





 





 





HIDES TANNEI)





For Robes and Coats.





Send us your Cattle and Horse

Hides. or any skins you have,

and we will make you a Fine



Coot. Robe or n Floor-Rug It.

reasonable price.



We have one of the largest

Fur Cost and Bob. Fortories

in the country, and tan and

dress, in our own plant. all the

hides and skins we use. We

can therefore handle your

custom work in the very belt

manner. All hides are soft

and pliable when finished.

We guarantee our work. Send

for our circular. Write Now.





HUGH WALLACE C0.

custom Dept. DETROIT MICE.





 





 





 





 





 





‘\___/

Used by Three Generations

For Sale by All Hardware Dealer;

R. E. DIETZ COMPANY. NEW YORK





 





 





 





Three Daily Papers





For those





 





who would like to have





three daily papers 3. week, we have ar-





ranged with





the New York Thrice- -a-





Week World so that we can offer it with

the Michigan Farmer a year for only

$1.40; that is, both papers a year each





for that price.





Send orders to us or





thru our agents.

THE MICHIGAN FARMER,





Detroit, Mich.





 





gmumnl:





ENZNWII‘MI numb for "rupture gnu-II



“He-l youm "Trial ample FREE. AI.



booklet"m “How Ru ”00:” Cured" tree. We

“handguns-q. B. MIME-Aw





   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





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LOOKING FOR .yiojfrms.





 





For the last month, I have been re:

ceiving from two to six letters a day,

asking me to invest, in all sorts of get

rich quick schemes; such as oil wells,

gold, silver' and copper mines, rubber

plantations, nurseries, patent rights of

all descriptions, city lots, and various

other kinds of real estate, and scores 01

other things too numerous to mention.

All of these promoters promise me from

10 to 200 per cent profit if I would only

buy a few hundred dollars’ worth of

stock. And most of them not only prom—

ise an increase of dividends, but that

my stock would also keep on increasing

in value, so that by the investment of

a few hundred dollars, I could in a few

years become a comparatively rich man.

These letters come from many different

states, which goes to prove that in nearly

every city there is a certain class of

men who are studying up all sorts of

)schemes to get money from the unwary.

And they certainly must succeed in find-

ing some victims or they would not be

sending out such letters, when by chance

they can get hold of a person's name and

postoffice address. It hardly seems pos-

sible that if any one had a little spare

money to invest, he would take the word

'of an entire stranger, and buy stock in

some wildcat scheme that he knew noth~

ing about. But the writer has personal

knowledge of several such cases. W'ith





, most of us farmers, if we have any spare





cash we can invest it in new machinery,

or make some improvements on our

farms where it will be safe, and certainly

much more profitable than to invest in

any “get-rich-quick” scheme.



Ottawa Co. JOHN JACKSON.





 





IN OUR PRICES WITH

SOME DAILIES.





CHANGE





 





0n and after this date the combination

price of the Michigan Farmer and the

Daily Journal, the Daily Free Press and





the Daily News will be $3.35. The Mich-

igan Farmer and Daily Herald, of

Grand Rapids, will be $2.85. Agents





allowed the regular commissions as usual.





 





CROP AND MARKET NOTES.





 





Southern Clare and Northern Isabella

Counties, Dec. 17.——Very mild winter

weather, with about nine inches of snow,

very little marketing being done. Cattle

and hogs dull sale, and but little wheat

and oats going to market. Auction sales

seem to be mostly OVer; quite a lot of

lumbering and wood cutting being done

owing to the fires of the past summer.



Emmet Co., Dec. 22.—Havo had fair to

good sleighing all the month, tho recent

high winds have filled the roads full in

plaCes, interfering with traffic yesterday.

One sees the need of shelter belts at such

times. About 18 inches of snow has

fallen but the ground is to be seen in

many fields. It is a Wonderinent where

the snow all goes to. A local option cam-

paign is on in this county and the peo-

ple are wakening up to the fact that we

stand a pretty good chance of getting

rid of the saloon. Considerable wood

moving, $1.65 to $2 for green, $2 to $2.25





for dry. Lumbering is nearly done in

this county. A great shortage in feed

stuffs. Hay, $12 to $13. Pork, dressed,





7c to 8c. Fowls, 12c.



Eaton Co., Dec. 21.—Thc ground is cov-

ered with a thin coating of snow, and the

work for the year is about complete, but

still some husking to be done. Farmers

are holding hay for the lifting of the

quarantine, and also for better prices.

Wheat, 98c; beans have dropped to $1.85;

oats, 480: rye, 7c; potatoes, 50c to 60c;

cloverseed, $4.50 to $5; butter lower, 18c

to 22c; eggs, the stores are offering 250

to 300, but one of the local buyers is

paying 340 for large sized, and strictly

fresh eggs, and 320 for small ones; hogs,

$4.50 to $5; calves, 3c to Sc; sheep, 30

to 4%,c; lambs 40 to Sc; chickens, 9c



Shlawassee Co., Dec. Zl.—\Veather

steady, with prevailing west winds.

Plenty of Snow in the air. Good sleigh-

ing. Farmers taking advantage, of the

light fall of snow to handle feed and mar-

ket the hay crop. Wheat went into the

winter in excellent condition, the. ground

having been well saturated with moisture

a few days previous to the final freeze

up. Some corn in shocks in the field. but

the crop in general has been well so-

cured. Many farmcrs have. been holding

onto their bean crop, feeling that the

price was too low to warrant selling.

Farmers who have a large amount of bay

to dispose of are slow about selling. hop-

ing that a long steady winter will stimu—

late a higher price. Taxes are much

lower this season than in former years

and farmers in general are much pleased

over the.Sltuation. What few apples

were put into the cellar are keeping well.

Potatoes are beingr hauled to market that

were piled in shallow pits. The quaran-

tine placed on Michigan live stock has

hit a large number of farmers pretty

hard and especially those who are de‘-

pending on their hogs to pay taxes. The

securing of the best acreage is being

pushed and considerable competition is

in evidence on account of the dissatis-

faction between farmers and the local

factory. Lambs that are on feed are

doing well. A few cars of cattle are





being 'fed.





F.

UL. huts. ’MIUH.





?~ISTITUTES FO

J NUARY. '





During the first half of January the

following list of Farmers’ Institutes will

be held in Michigan: ‘



County Institutes: Presque Isle Co.,

Millersburg, Jan. 5-6; Alpena Co., Long

Rapids, Jan. 7—8; Iosco Co., Whittimore,

Jan. 8—9; Arenac Co., Standish, Jan._9;

Gladwin Co., Gladwin, Jan. 11—12; Clin-

ton Co., Ovid,, Jan. 15-16; St. Clair Co.,

Emmett, Jan. 8-9.



One-day Institutes will be held at the

following places during the above period:

Presque Isle Co., Posen, Jan. 4. A. .

Hopkins, Bear Lake, State fieaker.



Montcalm Co., Greenwood, Ddc. 29;

Greenville, Dec. 31; Trufant, Jan. 1: Mc-

Bride’s, Jan. 2; Butternut, Jan. 4., E. K.

Smith, Hart, State Speaker.



Kalamazoo Co., Augusta, Dec. 28;

Richland, Dec. 29; Cooper Center, Dec.

30; Oshtemo, Dec. 31; Texas Corners,

Jan. 1; Portage Center, Jan. 2; School—

craft, Jan. 4; Scott’s, Jan. 5; Climax,

Jan. 6, N P. Hull, Dimondale, State

Speaker; Pavilion, Jan. 7; Alamo, Jan. 8;

N 1. Moore, Hanover, State Speaker.



Saginaw Co., Frost. Jan. 4; Kochville,

Jan. 5; Frankenmutli, Jan. 6; Bridge-

port, Jan. 7; Merrill, Jan. 8; Chesaning,

Jan. 9, L. W. Oviatt, West Bay City,

State Speaker. .



St. Clair Co., Avoca, Jan. 4; China

Twp., Jan. 5; Smith's Creek, Jan. 6;

}oodells, Jan. 7; Capac, Jan. 11; Wesley

Schlichter, Brown City, State Speaker.



Sanilac Co., Mariette, Jan. 4; Elmer,

Jan. 5; Shabbona, Jan. 6: Argyle, Jan. 7;

Minden City, Jan. 8; Deckerviile, Jan. 9:

Carsonville, Jan. .11; CrOSWell, Jan. 12;

Peck, Jan. 13; Melvin, Jan. 14; Lexing-

ton, Jan. 15, N. A. Clapp, Northville,

State Speaker.



Arenac Co., Oiner, Jan. 4; Delano, Jan.

5; Turner, Jan. 6; Melita. Jan. 7; Moore’s

Junction, Jan. 8; Standish, Jan. 9, C. S.

Bartlett, Pontiac, State Speaker.



Barry Co., Middleville, Jan. 4; Glass

Creek, Jan. 5; Prairievillc, Jan. 6; Hick-

ory Corners, Jan. 7; Johnstown Grange

Hall, Jan. 8; Assyria, Jan. 9; W. F.

Raven, Brooklyn, State Speaker.



Newaygo Co., Sitka, Jan. 5; Ashland,

Jan. 6; Enslcy, Jan. 7; White Cloud, Jan.

8; Big Prairie, Jan. 9; Lincoln Center,

Jan. ll, J. F. Edinonds, Hastings, State

Speaker.



Graiiot Co., Pompeii, Jan. 5; Sickels,





 





ma. 19°?- N (995m 45;. THE .MIcHiGAN »_FA.RMER.





Jan. 6; Breckenridge, Jan. 7; Elm Hall,‘

Jan. 8, E. K. Smith, Hart, State Speakerp





Kent Co., Sand Lake, Jan. 5:

. an. 6; Caledonia, Jan. 7;

Alto, Jan. 9; Paris, Jan. 11; Grattan, Jan.

12: Courtland, Jan. 13; Lowell, Jan. 14,

XV. F. Taylor, Shelby, State Speaker.



Lenawee Co., Macon, Jan. 9; Tipton,

Jan. 1]., Adrian Twp., Jan. 12: Madison,

Jan. 13; Fruit Ridge, Jan. 14; Rome, Jan.

15; Onsted, Jan. 16; Addison, Jan. 18;

Hudson Center, Jan. 19: Medina, Jan. 20,

N. I. Moore, State Speaker.



Lapeer Co., Burnside, Jan. 11—12; Im-

lay City, Jan. 13; Dryden, Jan. 14; Al-

iiiont, Jan. 15—16; Hadley, Jan. 18-19;

Lapecr, Jan. 20, L. W. Oviatt, West Bay

City, State Speaker.



Cass Co., LaGrangc, Jan. 7; Jones, Jan.





8—9. N. P. Hull, Dimondale, State



Speaker. L. TAFT, Supt.



PURCHASERS’ CONTEST DISCON:

TINUED.





 





On account of the lack of interest

taken in the contest in which we offered

prizes for those who patronized our ad-

vertisers most liberally prior to May 1st,

1009, we have concluded to discontinue

the contest and withdraw the offer. The

number calling for blanks was too small

to justify the cli’ort involved.





Hereafter the price on the Free Press

and Michigan Farmer will be $3.35.





Carlisle, 3

Kinney, Jan. 8;?





 





 





Cheap ?





to the dealer and get your money

you. If he is slow about it, write us.





Was a Poor Tool Ever





No farmer ever saved anything by buying poor im-

plements and wasting his time trying to make them work.

A saw that gets stuck in the wood. that makes the work twice

as hard and has to be filed often. is not cheap at any price.





ATKINS C58?-s SAWS





Hold their edge longer, out faster and run twice as easy as any

other. The blade is “segment-ground,” tapering from tooth

edge to the center of back. and from the ends to the middle.

Hence it makes room for itself and does not stick nor bind in

the wood. Try one. Be sure it bears our name on the blade. If it doesn’t save

your time and make the work easier than you ever thought it could be. take it back

back. Your dealer has them or can get them for





A one-cent postal brings a live-cent book. “The Care of Sam,” and a silverlnetle nln tree.





E. C. Atkins & Co. Inc., Indianapolis, Ind.





Largest Exclusive Jaw Manufacturers in the World.





With branches carrying complete stocks at New York, Chicago, Minneapolis. Portland.

Orc., Seattle. San Francisco. New Orleans. Memphis. Atlanta and Hamilton. Ont.





 





 





‘ I (17)“, '17!





 





 





'This‘ Shows : 1'





Cost of an Atkins

Saw..............$2to‘$3





Savingzs per cent. ,

in time and labor

at $2 per dash... 50¢

per day

Saves in four to six





 

   





 

 





 

   

   

   

 





Pays For Itself





   





 





 





 





   

   

   

   

   

   

 





 





as well.





 

 





 

 





\\ . .

.\.. \\\\\‘. \‘N





 





\shm\\





 





 





 





make to order any kind of fur goods.

Write today for Catalog and Prices. -





THE NATIONAL FUR & TANNING COMPANY





214 Hooker Ave.. Three Rivers. Mich.





WE’LL TAN YOUR. HIDE





and make warm. comfortable coats With high collars. or into robes. mit-

tens. Jackets. ladies' furs. etc. and save you a lot of money

, We tan by nature’s method only and use no

chemicals or dyes which cause the hairs to shed. Color

makes no difference. Almost any hide looks well when

made up into a fine comfortable robe or_coa.t. Will reSist

cold. wind. rain'or snow. are soft and pliable as cloth and

very little heaVier. Instead of selling your hides tothe

butcher. let us make them into usefu

wear for years and enable on to enjoy the coldest weather.



If on send in your hi es now, we will pay the height

on 31 hides sent _to be made into coats and robes and

give you FREE—With each cow or horse coat or robe a

pair of tur-knit-iined mittens With horse-hide palms. It

you have no hides to send us. we can





Sell You Furs and Save You Dollars





We not only tan the hides yousend us. but we have in

stock hides and skins from.which we manufacture_ to

measure coats. robes. neckpieces. ladies' Jackets. child-

ren’s coats and fur goods of every description. We





   

   

   

 

   

 

   





garm cuts that will





   

   

   

 

 





   

   

   





 





days..............$2to$3 ,





 





 





 





 





   





JUST SE





edge razor for 30 days.





you ever used.





U. S. CUTLERY COMPANY





   

 





On 30 Days

Trial This

Fine Razor





 





, " " 'I .:

so that we can send you postpnid n Vulcan Razor. Use this fine English crucible steel, oven tempered and bevel

. If at the end of that time you can't any it’s the finest. razor you ever used, send it bark

and there Will be no charge of any kind. If it's satisfactory send us $1.75 and you’ll own the easiest shaving razor

No matter how good your present razors are you'll find the Vulcan gives the smoothest, easiest

shave of filly: Remember, it won’t cost you one cent to try the Vulcan for 30 days. State. whether you want round

or square paint. whether your board is stiff, medium or soft and how often you shave. erlo lo-dly.





Department X, St. Louis, Mo.





 





 





Concrete Construction About the Home

and Farm.





The above is the title of a 130 page

pamphlet published by the Atlas Port-

land Cement Co., 30 Broad Street, New

York, for free distribution among Mich-

igan Farmer readers who will mention

seeing the advertisement in this paper.

The advertisement will be found on an—

other page of this issue. This book con-

tains minute instructions with regard to

the making of cement mortar and con-

crete Work of all kinds from the descrip-

tion of the materials to the mixing,

using, re-ini‘orcing and the finishing of

same for the very many purposes to

which this material is adapted about the

farm home. These purposes as ex—

plained in this book, include sidewalks,

gutters, floors, cellars, foundations, barn

and stable construction and (winipniciit,_

making steps and stairs. piers, ,chiinnev

caps, cisterns, water trofs. tanks, well

curbs, horse bier-ks, posts, hog pens and

troi‘s, chicken houses, ice houses, green





 





 





 





houses, silos. culverts, cemcut plaster or

stucco work, etc. It also gives a descrip-

tion of the different kinds of tools needed

in the carrying on of this work and is

profusely illustrated showing the finished

Work and all the details of its construc-

tion, being :1 most valuable addition to

any farmer's library and a helpful guide

in the making of all kinds of concrete

work. It will be sent to any reader men-

tioning the Michigan Farmer. “'rite. to—

day to the above address for a free copy

of this valuable book on concrete con—

struction.





sizes.





 





your income.





GET TO KNOW





THE “ALAMO”





The Gasoline Engine that combines QUALITY,

DURABILITY and ECONOMY. A perfect farm

power. It will lessen your work and

It will pump water, grind feed,»

churn,run a. separator, saw wood, bale hay, shell

corn and is adaptable to many other purposes.



In Stationary from 3 to 50 H. P., Portables, all





increase





Send for our Picture Book Catalog—Free.





THE‘ALAMO MFG. (30.,

HILLSDALE, MICHIGAN.





 





l j I I

Wisconsm Farmers Inshiuie Bullsim No. 22.

in now ready for distribution. A 320-page hand-

book for the farmer and stockman. Treats of the

dairy. sheep and swine husbandry. horse breeding,

poultry, fruits. etc., etc.



To Wisconsin farmers—25 cents for cloth bound

and 10 cents for paper covered copies. Outside of

Wisconsin—40 cents for cloth bound and 25 cents

for paper covered copies. Address



E0. MCKERROW, Supt., Madison, Wis.





_ ICE PLOWS





 





4 AND ICE TOOLS

Double row plows. Equals 20

llan with laws. Catalog free.

WM. H. PRAY. Clove. N. V.





 





 





i...‘

N airy/KN





TRIAL





 





 





 





CHERRY TREES. 2 years old.



4 cents each. Boxing Free.



I Catalog free to Everybody.

Sheerin’s Wholesale Nurseries. Dansville. N. Y.





 





________._._. ALEXANDER 6t DOWELL. At

Cut Out All the Drudgery of Washdaym PA ENTS {3333? {igéfafis'yglspibcitiévicfil





If you really want to cut out all the:





ants and Trade Marks: Render Expert Openionl





drudgery of washday—Wl‘ite a postal to i on Pntentability of Inventions;Vuldlty and Infringe-





the One. Minute Washer Co., Sandusky,

Ohio, for their Free Book which tells

how you can wash clohes absolutely—

spotlessly clean in less time—with less

work—than you can in any other Way.

Their advertisement appears on page 15

in this issue and it will pay you to read

it. Save your health, strength. clothes,

and money by washing the One—Minute

Way. Be sure and read their advertise—

ment—then see your dealer or write for

their Free Book.





ment of Patents: Practice In all Federal Courts.

Will send book 0 of Information on request.



PATENT Attorney. Washington. D. 0. Ad—



vice free. Terms low. Highest ref.



g —New Grange song book. En.



Patrons PI'IIIO doma by 0. s. e. sumng



songs. Only 200. Geo. W. Armltrong. Lisbon. Ohio.





MENTION THE MICHIGAN FARMER when

writing to advertisers.





 





Watson E. Coleman. Patent





 





 





Test My Sccd (om





This year I grew 10,000 bushels of corn.

For ears I have been selecting for a more

Eroliiic crop—jfor full sized. perfect ears. I



opt. at it. until I succeeded. That’s whyI

grew this year‘s big crop. It is the

I





   





 

   

 





nest type of corn I ever saw and



have selected the best of it for

seed. I guarantee it. I will re-

fund your money if you do not. find

it. satisfactory. Send us your or-

ders now—be ore it is all sold. An

order means a full corn crib for

you next. fall.





My new oats and seed potatoes





   

   





 





 





   

 





are the same hi rh grade. Cata-

, logue free. I you are inter-

;, ested in fruit, I will send you a

nice plant—free.





W. N. SCARFF,

Dept. N . New Carlisle, Ohio.





DO NOT FA".





to subscribe for the MicHiGAN

FARMER this year. There will

be one article that alone will be

worth the subscription price: to

every man, woman or young

person above 12 years Of age.

It will appear during the next

few weeks.





 

   

     





£3 _':.,
F”, I‘MARKET‘SM





DETROIT WHOLESALE MARKETS.





 





 





'Dec. 30, 1908.

, Grains and Seeds.

Wheat.—Aitho the market has been

slow, prices ruled higher last week than

for the previous period. However, re-

ports indicate a general improvement in

the crop conditions over the country, but

the world's visible supply showed only.

a small increase and the amount in sight

in' Europe has decreased during the week.

The Liverpool market is easy and har-

vesting and threshing are progressing in

Argentine without serious interruption.

It is believed that the higher prices pre-

vailing this year have called out much

wheat that would under ordinary circum-

stances be held by the farmers, and for

this reason, traders prophecy that the

receipts will fall off heavily during the

latter part of January and strengthen

the market. One year ago the price for

No. 2 red wheat was $1.02%. Quota-

tions for the week are as follows:

N0. 2 No. 1 No. 3

Red. White. Red. May. July.

Thurs. ...1.04% 1.03% 1.01% 1.08% 1.01

Sat. .. .......

Mon. ......1.04% 1.03% 1.01% 1.08% 1.01

Tues. ....1.05 1.04 1.02 1.09 1.01%

Wed. .....1.05% 1.04% 1.02% 1.09%, 1.02%,





Corn.—The local corn 'market is quiet

with prices advanced a shade over the

closing figures of a week ago. The wheat

market has influenced this trade to some

extent. The strength, however, comes

largely from the expectations 'that de-

liveries will soon be falling off and the

market will not have this bullish feature

to hold prices down. One year ago No.

3 corn was quoted at 58c per bu.

Prices for the past week are:





No. 3

No. 3. Yellow.

Thursday 60 61

Friday .. ..

Saturday .. ....... .. ..

Monday ...... . 60 61

Tuesday ....... . . . ..... . . . 60 61

Wednesday .............. . 60% 61%

Oats.—This market is steady and quiet

with prices advanced over the closing

figures of a week ago. The volume of

trade has been extremely small. The





discrimination against Michigan oats is

still being felt. The present price of

oats is 6 cents below what it was a year





ago. Quotations for the past week are:

No. 3 \Vhite.

Thursday ....... . ...... . ...... . . . . 51

Friday ..

Saturday ......... . .......... . . . . . .

Monday ....... 52

Tuesday .......... 52

Wednesday ....... . ...... . ........ 52%





Beans—The quotations given for cash

beans is the same as last week, while

the May option is off 5 cents. Sellers are

on hand but no one appears to want to

buy at present prices. Quotations are as





follows:



Cash. May.

Thursday . ................... $2.15 $2.25

Friday .. .................. . .....

Saturday ........................ .. . . .

Monday . ............ . ...... . . 2.15 2.20

Tuesday ..................... 2.15 2.20

\Vednesday .................. 2.15 2.20





Clover Seed.—The market is active and

firm. Offerings are fairly liberal and

prices hold around last week’s figures.

Farmers are apparently disposing of their





surplus holdings. The following quota-

tions ruled during the past week:



Prime Spot. Mar. Alsike.

Thursday . . . . . . . . .$5.45 $5.55 $7.75

Friday ............... . . . . . . .

Saturday ......

Monday .......... 5.50 5.60 7.75

Tuesday .......... 5.50 5.60 7.75

XVedncsday . . . . 5.55 5.65 7.75





Rye._Market continues dull and inac-

tive with the price fixed at last week's





value. Quotation for cash No. 2 is 77%0.

Visible Supply of Grain.



This week. Last week.

Wheat ........ . . . .51,676,000 52,061,000

Corn ........... .. .. 6,994,000 5,570,000

()ats .............. .. 10,245,000 9,554,000

Bye .................. 1,080,000 1,073,000

Barley .......... 5,396,000 5,509,000





Flour, Feed, Provisions, Etc.

Flour.-—l'nclsanged. Demand is actiVe.

Receipts of flour on Tuesday were 400





bbls., and shipments 200 bbls. Quotations

are as follows: '

(‘lear ................................ $5.00

Straight 51}

Patent Nllt'hlgnn ..................... 5,12

Ordinary Patent '12)

Hay and Straw.APrir-cs unchanged.





Carlot prices on track are: No. 1 timothy,

new, $10.50mll; No. 2 timothy, $9.5(Wllt);

clover, mixed, $94110; rye. straw, $7.50;

wheat and oat straw, $6.30 per ton.





Feed.——No change in prices. iran, $24

per ton; coarse middlings, $25; fine midd—

lings, $28; corn' and oat chop, $25.50;





cracked corn and coarse cornmeal, $28.50.



Potatoes.—Gcneral condition of the

trade is bearish. Prices in Detroit are

about the same as last week but else-

where dcclines are recorded. The holi-

day trading has had its influence no

doubt and Atlantic ports expect to get

supplies from Germany where the crop

was good. The local trade is steady With

good stock selling at 70c per bu.



OIls.—Linseed in barrels, 48c, pcr gal;

boiled, 500; lard oil, extra winter strain-

ed, 80c; extra No. 1, 66c; No. l, 50c: No.

2, 45c; stove gasoline, 13c; headlight kero—

sene, 9%c; perfection. 10c; turpentine by

the bbl., 43%0 per gal.





Provisions.—-Family pork, 53105061117;

mess pork, $16; light short clear, $18;





heavy short clear. $18.50; mix-o lard in

tierces, 1014c; kettle rendered lard, 11%c;

bacon, 111/20; shoulders, 731w; smoked

hams, 101/30; picnic hams, 7%c.

HIdes.—No. 1 green, 9%0; No. 2 green,





1‘





‘8%c;' No. 1 -Cured,“‘11%e;“'No. “feared,





10%c; No. 1 green kip, 11c; No. 2 green

cured calf, 13%c; No. 1 horsehides, $3.25;





'Vkip, 9%c; No. 1 cured calf, 150; No. 2





No. 2, $2.25;

lambs, 500@$1.





Dairy and Food Products.





Button—A good general demand and a

Small supply has strengthened prices in

all large markets. In Detroit the ad-

vance for creamery grades was 1 cent.

Trade is being restricted by the high

figures but still the demand is sufficient

for the supply. ' Quotations: Exitra.

creamery, 32c; firsts, 300; packing stock,

190; dairy, 22c.



Eggs.—Altho other markets show lower

values the local trade is holding to last

week’s prices. Fresh stock is quoted at.

290 per dozen; refrigerator ex'tra, 25c.



Poultry.——Contrary to the usual expe-

rience after-Christmas prices are fully as

strong as those during the rush of the

holiday trade. Advances are to be noted

in nearly all kinds for both dressed and

live birds, since a week ago. The supply

is short. Quotationsz—Dressed chick-

ens, 13@14c; fowls, 12@13c; ducks, 14@

15c; geese, 12@13c; turkeys, 19@210 per

lb. Live—Spring chickens, 12@13c;

fowls, 11@120; ducks, 1.20; geese, 10@1lc;

turkeys, 17@18c per lb.





Fruits and Vegetables.





Apples—There are .very few apples in

the smaller towns of the state. Best

grades are quoted at $3.25@4.50 per bbl.

Western apples in bushel boxes, $2.75@3.

'Grapes.—Market is small. Catawba,

20c per pony basket.



Onlons.—Spanish, $1.65 per bu; home-

grown at 60@65c per bu.



Cabbage.—Home-grown selling at $6@7

per 100 heads.



Vegetables.—Green onions, 15¢ per doz;

radishes, 30c per doz; cucumbers, $1.90

6112 per bu; lettuce, 13c per lb; head let-

tuce, $1.20 per doz; beets,, 40c; turnips,

40c: carrots, 40c; watercress, 400 per doz;





sheepskins,- as to wool,





celery, 20@35c; spinach, $1 per bu; pars-





nips, 600 per bu.





 





0TH ER MARKETS.





 





Grand Rapids.



A feature of the market this week is

the stiffening of meat priCes. Turkeys

are up 20 and all other poultry 1c.

Dressed hogs are also up a full cent, being

worth 701,771,420, as against 5%0 a few days

ago. No change in eggs, tho the market

is weak and with continued mild weather

fresh stock will begin to come in. Dairy

and creamery butter are up %c. Green—

house men report a strong demand for

lettuce at 120 retail, radishes 20c, cu-

cumbers $1.50. The growers are raising

a greater variety of stuff this winter.





\that is worth 99c, other grains un-

changed. Hay is bringing $10@11 per

ton.



Quotations follow:



Grains.-Wheat, 99c: corn, 60c; oats,





510; buckwheat, 80c per bu; rye, ,70c.

Beans—Handpicked, $1.90 per bu.

Butter.——Buying prices: Dairy, No. 1,



24c; No. 2, 17c; creamery in tubs, 31%c.

Cheese—Michigan full cream is selling





at 13@14c per lb; brick, 15c; Swiss,

160; limburger, 15c.

Eggs—Case count, 27@28c; candied,





30fl3lc.



Apples.—75c@$1.25.



Potatoes—600 per bu.



Cattle—Cows, $2.50@3 per cwt; steers

and heifers, best quality, $3@4; dressed

mutton 60; dressed veal, 6%@7%c; dressed

bccf. cows, 4%@5%c; steers and heifers,

5%677c.



llogs.——~Dressed, 761‘71/20.





Live P0ultry.—Fowls, 9@10c; spring

chickens, 10@11c; roosters, 7@8c; tur-

keys, 16@18c; young ducks, 10@11c;





geese, 9@ 100.





 





Chicago.





“meat—No. 2 red, $1.04%@1.05%; May,

$1.077/g; July, 99%.

Corn.—No. 2, 58@5814c; No. 2 yellow,

58%(17581/2; May, 61%0: July, 6154c.

Oats—No. 3 White, 48%@51c;

517/30; July, 46%C.

Barley—Good feeding,

to choice mal'ting, 61@64c.

Button—Steady; creameries,

dairies, 21%fi125c.

Eggs—Steady. At mark, cases includ-

ed, 26(rT290; firsts, 30c; prime firsts, 31c.

Potatoes—Car lots in bulk. Fancy, 74

(07% per bu; ordinary, to good, 62@700.





May,

59@59%c; fair

22@32c;





 





Pittsburg.

Rutter.-—Crcamerics, 33((323%c per lb;

firsts, 31fi‘32c; prints, 3-tfii‘34lflgc.

Eggs—Lower. Fresh candied, 33@350;

current receipts, 307132c.

Potatocs.—l"riccs lower.

@800 per bu.

ApplesmKing, $4.50 per bbl; spy, $3.75





Michigan, 75





 





€14: Spitzenburg, $3.75W-t.

Poiiltry.—-—l>rcssed. Turkeys, 2660300;

spring chickens, 15(i‘17c; licns, 141.1156';

ducks, 157:1. 16c.

New York.





Grain—“meat, N0. 2 red, $1.086P1.09%;

corn No. 2, 661/2c; oats. mixed, 54(0541/gc.



Ijggsx—Stcady. ‘Vcstcrn firsts, 320;

seconds, 2061.310.



ilittcr.~Firm. Creamery specials, 3360

33%c; western factory firsts, 211/2611220.



Potatoes—«\Vesiawn, in ~.'i‘.k per 180

lbs., $2.255 2.37; per bu, 7841800..



Pmiltry.—i)rcsscd, firm; western spring

chickens, 12l/qfulch; spring turkeys, 16@

24c; fowls,. 12%;01141/20.



Hath—Choice, timothy, $177118; No. 1,

$17.50; No. 2, $166017; No. 3, $146215;

shipping, $13; little clover, mixed, $15@

16; No. 1 clover, $14; No. 2, $12; No. 1

rye straw, $18.50@19: No. 2 do, $17: No.





1 tangled rye, $12; oat straw, $8@9;

wheat, $9.



Boston.

VVooL—The market continues quiet.





Prices are firmer than they were a few

days ago. Individual buying is becoming

a feature of the market and quotations

will not mean as much from now on





~ THE MICHiG





since buyers will 'come‘ to the market and

get all the wool they can for the price

agreed upon between themselves and the

seller. Annactive demand is expected fn

the very near future and this is sure to

advance priced The difference between

prices here and abroad is so wide that

either declines will be necessary there

or an advance here, and since the market

on the other side has continued to show

firmness, there is little likelihood of a

decline under the present active demandj

All kinds of wool are being inquired after,

and more or less trading is being done

with the different grades. The London

auctions show considerable strength and

American buyers have been active there.

Good wools are scarce and they are be-

ing picked up wherever found. Ohio

fleeces are practically cleaned up. Mich-

igan quarter bloods are more plentiful





and sales are being made at 26 to 27c





per lb.





Cincinnati.





Potatoes—Market lower.

track, 73@78c per bu.



Butter.——Creamery prints, 33%c per lb;

ex'tra, 33c; firsts, 29%@30c.



Eggs—Extra, 30c per doz; firsts, 290.



Apples—King, $4.50 per bbl; snow,

$3.50; Baldwins, $3.75; Spy, $3.75; Green-

ings, $3.50@3.75.



Poultry;—Live—springers, 110 per lb;

hens, 9c; cocks, 6%0; ducks, 10@110; tur-

keys, 9@16c. V





Bulk on





 





Elgln.



Butter.—-—Market firm at 32c, which is

an advance of 1c over last week’s quota-

tion. Sales for last week amounted «to

611,200 lbs., compared with 619,400 lbs.

for the previous week.





THE; LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





 





Chicago.

Dec 28, 1908.

. Receipts.



. Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.

Received today.......19,000 30,000, 22,000

Same day last year . .21,936 36,654 11,313

Received last week . .53,850 125,530 47,068

Same week last year.46,061 134,883 83,304





Cattle are always poor sellers during

the Christmas holidays, and, country

shippers, being aware of~tliis fact, sent

in extremely small supplies last week.

Despite this precaution, weak and lower

markets were experienced, and there

was a lower closing, altho a rally took

place on Thursday. A good share of

the beef steers found buyers at $4.75@

6.75, there being a great scarcity of the

better class of corn-fed beeves that were

taken at $6.80@7.75. The cheaper class

of light-weight steers sold at $3.50@4.75,

with a medium grade of steers selling at

$5.50@6.20 and good cattle going at $6.25

@675. A return to normal activity and

steadiness is expected after New Year’s,

as that is supposed to end the season of

especial animation of the poultry trade.

Cows and heifers have been selling at

$2.80@5.50, a very few fancy heifers sell-

ing at $6617. Canners and cutters had

a limited sale at $1.50@2.75, with bulls

selling at $2@4.35. Calves were the high-

est of th year under small offerings and

a good demand, buyers paying $3.50@9

per 100 lbs. Milkers and springers were

in moderate supply and demand at $25@

50 per head. The demand for stockcrs

and feeders was in excess of the mod-

erate offerings, and prices averaged

higher at $2.60@5, many heavy steers of

the feeder class falling into the hands of





killers, who outbid intending country

buyers. Reports from the interior indi-

cate enough ordinary to pretty good





feeder cattle in feeding sections to meet

the requirements of the trade, and the

demand promises to show animation for

some time, many farmers wanting to do

some feeding.



Cattle were unexpectedly scarce today,

and this caused such good buying that:

prices rallied and recovered all they lost

last week. No prime beeves were

offered.



Hogs are not generally expected to sell

much better during the month of January,

but by February and March higher prices

appear probable. The packers are very

bearish at the present time and they

are ready to put prices lower whenever

the eastern shipping demand drops off.

“'eakness is naturally shown most in the

light weights which are still comprising

a large proportion of the receipts, the re-

cent average weight liaving been but 205

lbs. compared with 217 lbs. a year ago

and 225 lbs. two years ago. Christmas

week saw much smaller receipts of hogs

than other recent weeks, and this tended

to check declines in prices. The demand

for fresh pork was moderate, and so were

cash sales of provisions, but this condi—

tion of things was regarded as merely

temporary. Farmers are still to a great

extent believers in sacrificing their hogs

in order to save their corn, but heavy

hogs are good money—makers.



The market advanced 10017150 today

under unusually small Monday receipts,

with an~active demand at $5406.15.



Sheep and lambs were marketed very

springly during Christmas week, as is

usual, and the grcat scarcity of fat flocks

caused big advances, but half-fat stock

was neglected and was .slow to sell any

higher. In the absence of prime muttons,

however, buycrs were often obliged to

fall back on the next best grade as sub—

stitutes, and some lambs of the feeder

class were taken for converting into mut-

ton. Existing conditions were regarded

as only temporary, and a speedy return

to normal receipts and prices was pre-

dicted. Feeders had little chance to stock

up, but several sales were reported of

feeder lambs at $5.25@6.25, prices ruling

firm. Lambs went at an extreme range

of $4427.75, while ewes sold at $2.256D

4.65, wethers at $4.25@5.25, yearlings at

$4.50@6.50 and rams a-t $2.25fl‘3.50. Live

stock commission firms are sending out

letters to their country patrons, advising

them to finish off carefully their flocks.

Today's market was active and firm.



Horses, have shown moderate activity





   





the market for the holiday

trade, ,andit was not (always possible to

maintain former prices for animals that.

lacked quality. As usual. the best de-

mand was'for heavy drafters at $165@

215 per head, with an occasional sale of

something extra at $225 to‘ $250 or. higher.

The demand for light drivers at $150@350

was of fair proportions, and farm mares

had a fair sale at $110@160. There was

a slow trade in southern chunks, and

feeders were slower at $165@215. After]





New Years normal animation in the gene. _.





eral horse trade may be expected, and

prices will probably rule firm if too many

horses are not shipped in.



F.





 





LIVE STOCK NOTES.





 





A great deal of maney has been made

in sheep this season, but it was made by

experienced sheepmen who thoroly under-

stand the business and the farmers who

take up the business when the outlook

looks good to them and stay out most.

of the time are generally falling to share

to any great extent in the profits. The

average feeder fails to grasp the import-;

ant fact that in order to fetch high prices

the flocks must be made thoroly fat and

not half or three—fourths fat, and it is

due to the great predominance of poorly

fattened flocks in the markets of the

country that the fat mutton flocks com-

mand such good prices. And not only

is this true, but the careful manager

sees that his flock is selected well at the

start and also arranges it so that they

can be marketed at the right time. The

recent. demand for Christmas holiday

mutton was extremely large, or it ap-

peared to be so to the live stock com--

mission firms in Chicago and other mar-

kets when contrasted with the meager

showing of prime stock. Under such cir-

cumstances it was no trick at all for

sellers to mark up prices anywhere from.

25 to 50 cents per 100 pounds. Of course,

such opportunities do not happen often,

and any such booms are certain to be fol—

lowed by corresponding reactions as soon.

as normal receipts are restored and the

demand returns to merely ordinary pro-

portions. Nine times out of ten at least,

lambs make the most money for feeders,

always provided that they are well se-

lected and fed carefully. They need

shelter in northern climates, as well as

sliecp, and make good returns for their

care. Iowa farmers have in many in--

stances taken up sheep and lamb fatten-

ing of late, and some of them are thoroly

successful, but many flocks of range

lambs, after being fed in that state for a.

few months, are returned to market.

much too poor in fiesh to suit a high-

class mutton trade and are apt to be

resold to go back to the country to be

finished off properly. It is a great pity

that at such a favorable time as the

present winter so many farmers should

thru sheer neglect, let good money slip

from their fingers.



Ever since the time when fall pastur-

age was no longer available for owners

of hogs farmers have been marketing an

improved class of swine, but that is no

great compliment, as the autumn grass-

fed droves were about as inferior in their

average grading as any ever seen. Of'

course, hogs that had been fed no corn

as was the case with many shipments in

the fall, were inferior in every way, and

it was remarkable what large numbers

were rushed to market regardless of the

extremely low prices that prevailed at

that time. Ever since then there has

been gradual improvement in the average

marketings, but hogs are still greatly de-

ficient in weight and finish, and it is

plainly evident that farmers generally

are not of the opinion 'that high—priced

corn should be fed to stock. In a recent

week the hogs marketed in the Chicago

Stockyards averaged only 210 pounds,

which is certainly a remarkably poor

showing as compared with former years.

The December marketings of hogs have

shown a deficiency in pounds of product

as compared with former normal years,

and the recent average weight has been

the lightest since 1901, when there was a.

failure of the corn crop and the average

weight of the hogs received in Chicago-

fcll to 202 pounds. No intelligent person

doubts the actual scarcity of heavy hogs.

and the packers are evidently anxious,

regarding the future supply of big lard

hogs. Even shipments from hog raising

regions beyond the Mississippi River are

scant in weight, and few big barrows

are being marketed, while inferior light

weights are numerous. The lighter»

weights of butcher hogs are offered freely

in the Chicago market at the presen‘

time, there being a good showing of bar-

rows weighing from 200 to 225 pounds

and the hog growers are evidently in :i

hurry to sell their holdings as soon as,

they can get any decent size. Naturally

the recent decline in prices for corn

resulting from increased marketings by

farm renters in various western states.

has a tendency to make farmers do more

fattening, but a greater decline is re-

qiured to stimulate general feeding. Corn

must break in price to a point that will

bring about cattle feeding on a large

scale in order to encourage owners of‘

hogs. It has been remarked in former-

years that when farmers do not need

swine to follow cattle in the feed lots

the hogs are always sold when of medium

or light weight. Recently eastern buy—

ers in the Chicago market have pur-

chased fewer hogs than usual, the con-

sumption of fresh pork being much smal-

ler than usual, as it always is during'

the Christmas holidays. and this was a

weakening factor in the market. The-

best authorities do not hesitate to de-

clare that there is going to be a nice-

profit in feeding corn this winter to

healthy growing pigs. Even at the pres-

ent time plenty of farmers are making

it pay well, but it is doubtful whether

as much can be said of the men» who-

send in many lots of thin, light hogs.





 





m. 2,: {1,999. ‘i , ‘1





for a week past, with, mere than enough i I

offered on





 





 





 





 





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JAN. 2. 1506'. "

rule ls THE LAST EDITION.-





 





Ixi' the first edition the Detroit Live

* Stock markets are reports of last week;

all other markets are right 11 to date.

Thursday's Detroizt Live Stoc markets

are given in the last edition. The first

edition is mailed Thursday, the last edi-

tion Friday morning. The first edition is

mailed to those who care more to get the

paper early than :they do for Thursdays

Detroit Live. Stock market report. You

may have any edition desired. Subscrib-

ers may change from one edition to am-

other by dropping us a card to that effect.





DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





 





Thursday’s Market.

Dec. 31, 1908.

Cattle.





Receipts, 478. Market strong at Wed-

nesday's prices, 100 higher than last Fri-

day.



We quote: Extra dry-fed steers and

heifers, $5@5.50; steers and heifers, 1,000

to 1,200, $4.50@5; steers and heifers, 800

to 1,000, $4@4.50; steers and heifers that

are fat, 500 to 700, $3506.04; choice fat

cows $3.50@4; good fat cows, $3@3.50;

common cows, $2@2.50; canners, $1@1.50;

choice heavy bulls, $3.50@4-: fair to good

‘bolognas, bulls, $3@3.50; light bulls, $2.75



3.25.



@Spicer, M. & B. sold Knauff 1 cow

weighing 1,100 at $3, 1 do weighing 950

at $3.75, 2 bulls av 985 at $3.40, 5 butch~

ers av 962 at $3.40, 2 steers av 675 at

$3.75, 2 do av 1,180 at $5, 7 butchers av

850 at $4.15; to Mich. B. CO. 4 cows

av 1,075 at $3.25, 4 do av 1,112 at $3.25,

1 do weighing 1,200 at $2.50.



Roe Com. Co. sold Newton B. Co. 2

butchers av 820 at $3, 3 do av 1,033 at $4

8 do av 948 at $3, 7 do av 800 at s4, 6

do av .860 at $3, 1.2 do av 631 at $3.65, 5

do av 640 at $3.50, 2 do av 740 at $4, 5

do av 720 at $4; to Kamman 2 do av

1,000 at $3.50, 1 cow weighing 920 at $2.50,

4 butchers av 1,037 at $3.50, 4 do 1,107 at

$3.50; to Bresnahan 4 do av 506 at $3.40.

to Sullivan P. Co. 6 steers av 826 at $4.25,

9 butchers av 1,096 at $3, 3 bulls av 1,306

at $3.50, 2 cows av 810 at $1.75; to New-

ton B. Co. 13 steers av 1.200 at $5.40, 1

do weighing 1,060 at $4.50; to Goose 2

cows av 815 at $3.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Jones 1 cow weigh-

ing 1,210 at $3.50, 1 do weighing 830 at

$2.50, 3 heifers av 1,076 at $4.75, 4 butch-

ers av 962 at $3.20, 1 cow weighing 950

at $3.75, 2 canners av 750 at $1.50: to

Kamman 3 cows av 966 at $3, 1 heifer

weighing 600 at $3.75, 2 cows 21v 830 at

$1.75; to Sullivan B. Co. 1 bull weighing

1,550 at $3.50, 2 do av 1,585 at $3.75. 2

cows av 1,085 at $2.75. 4 bulls av 1,210

at $3.75, 13 butchers av 700 at $3.75, 1

cow weighing 690 at $1.50, 1 do weighing

770 at $2, 1 bull weighing 590 at $2.50; to

Kamman 3 butchers av 983 at $3.60, 4

do av 760 at $3.75; to Newton B. Co. 1

cow weighing 1,390 at $3.60, 1 steer

weighing 900 at $4.60; to Kaumman 7

butchers av 936 at $3.40; to Schuman 6

bulls av 926 at $3.25; to Thompson Bros.

2 cows av 815 at $3, 1 do weighing 1,070

at $2, 16 butchers av 625 at $3.60; to

Markowitz 1 bull weighing 1.520 at $3.75;

to Newton B. Co. 2 cows av 975 at $2.75,

1 steer weighing 1,580 at $4.50, 2 do av

650 at $4, 1 cow weighing 700 at $2, 2 do

av 1,105 at $3, 3 steers av 916 at $4. 2

cows av 825 at $2, 8 butchers av 1.000

at $3.25, 1 cow weighing 800 at $2, 9 steers

av 888 at $4.50, 3 do av 1.177 at $3.50.



Haley sold to Braumm 5 cows av 926

at $2.90; to Bresnahan 7 heifers av 583

at $3.55; to Sullivan P. Co. 1 bull weigh-

ing 1,330 at $3.25; to Newton B. Co. 13

butchers av 665 5633.50; to Ratltkowsky

1 bull weighing 1,000 at $2.75.



Johnson sold Newton B. Co. 2 steers

av 865 at $4.25, 3 do 21v 693 at $3.50.



Sharp sold Mich. B. Co. 12 butchers av

836 at $4, 2 cows av 1.025 at $3.50.



Adams sold same 2 cows av 1,135 at

“3.75.



‘7 Waterman sold Sullivan P. (‘0. 2 cows

av 865 at $4.50, 1 bull weighing 800 at

$4.00.



' Wilson sold same 4 steers av 1,290 at

$4.40, 4 cows av 937 at $3.50.



Groff sold Applebaum 3 cows av 1,033

at $3.50, 2 do av 810 at $3.



Veal Calves.



Receipts, 260. Market strong and 250

higher than on Monday. Best $5.50@6;

others, 4((25.



Spiccr$ & B. sold Sullivan P. Co. 3

:1V 150 at $5.50.



Roe Com. CO.

at $5.00.



Cheney & H.

145 at 6.



(‘aserrient sold same 2 av 125 at $5.



Lewis sold Markowitz 1 weighing 150





sold Barlage 7 av 150





sold Fitzpatrick 8 av





at 6.



Adams sold Burnstine 4 av 150 at $5.50.

Dwelle Sold same 7 av 140 at $5.50.

Lovewell sold same 5 av 145 at $5.

Johnson sold same 6 av 115 at $5.

Bishop, B. & H. sold Parker, W. & Co.

2 av 120 at $5, 4 av 135 at $5.50, 3 av 170

at $5.50, 2 av 155 at $5.50, 12 av 140 at $5,

3 av 120 at $5.50, 4 av 125 at $5.50; to

Sullivan P. (‘0. 4 av 135 at $5.50, 6 av

155 at $5.50; to Mich. B. Co. 17 av 150





at $5.75.

Sheep and Lambs.

Receipts, 2,735. Market 50c lower than





on Wednesday.

Best lambs, $5.75; fair to good lambs,





34.75625; light to common lambs, $3.75

094.25; fair to good butcher sheep. $3@





3.25; culls and common. $150602.



Downey sold Mich. B. (‘0. 107 mixed

av 70 at $4.



Stephens sold same 10 lambs av 99 at

$6, 2 sheep av 120 at $3.

Adams sold same 9



$4.75.



Spicer, M. & B. sold Mich. B. Co. 31

lambs av 70 at $5.85; to liaise 10 sheep

'av 65 at $3.50; to Sullivan P. Co. 43

lambs av 75 at $5.25: to Parker, W. &.

Co. 93 lambs av 72 at $5.50; to Barlage

10 lambs av 49 at $4; to Robison B. Co.

18 sheep av 85 at $3.25; to Barlage 24

lambs av 65 at $4.25.



,Roe Com. C0. sold Sullivan P. Co. 2

sheep av 140 at $3; to Barlage 37 do av

85 at $3.35, 12 do av 75 at $3.35.



Cheney & H. sold Young 3 sheep av





lambs av 70 at





 





120 at $3, 38 lambs av 80 at $5.50. _

Bishop, B. & H. 'sold Robison B. Co,

18 sheep av 110 at $3. 84 lambs av 55

at $4.75, 27 do av 70 at $5, 1 sheep weigh-

ing 170 at $3.50; to Newton B. Co. 71

lambs av 75 at $6; to Haise 23 lambs av

67 at $5.60, 2 sheep av 13 at $3; to Ham-

mond, Standish & Co. {ysheep av 110 at

$3, 16 lambs av 80 ' '6, 90 do av 85 at

$6.25, 36 do av 80 at‘i$6.25, 6 sheep av 110

at $4, 2 do av 11.5 at $3, 17 lambs av 85

at $6 11 do av 100 at $6, 2 sheep av 130

at $3; to Fitzpatrick Bros. 14 sheep av

100 at $3, 1 buck weighing 150 at $2. 9

sheep av 80 at $2.75, 38 lambs av 85 at

$5.60, 49 do av 60 at $4.75, 15 sheep av

90 at $3, 23 do av 95 at $3.30; to Mich.

B. Co. 39 lambs av 85 at $5.75, 16 do

av 77 at $5.75, 17 do av 80 at $5.75, 3

sheep av 82 at $2, 30 do av 110 at $2.75.





Hogs.



Receipts, 14,013. Market 20@25c lower

than on Wednesday.



Range of prices: Light to good butch-

ers, $5.25fl‘5.30; pigs, $3.75fig.¥4.25; lighlt

yorkers, $5; stage, 1,3 off.



Wednesday’s Hog Sales.



Sundry shippers sold Parker, \V. & CO.

154 av 170 at $5.45, 382 av 190 at $5.30,

193 av 143 at $5.40.



Spicer, M. & B. sold same 271 av 174

at $5.45, 646 av 192 at $5.50, 69 av 154 at

$5.40.



Sundry shippers sold Hammond, S. &

C0. 463 av 192' at $5.50, 193 av 160 at $5.40.



Bishop, B. & H. sold same 1,775 av 180

at $5.50, 109 av 160 at $5.30, 462 av 175

at $5.40, 184 at 195 at $5.45.



Sundry shippers sold Sullivan P. Co.

96 av 177 at $5.45.



Roe Com. Co. sold same 227 av 184 at

$5.50.



Roe Com. Co. sold Newton B. Co. 25

av 248 at $5.50, 41 av 200 at $5.20, 26





,pigs av 120 at $4.50.





PROGRESS IN ERADICATTNG FOOT-

AND MOUTH DISEASE.





 





Good headway has been made by the

Bureau of Animal Industry and State

authorities in eradicating foot-and—mouth

disease. No outbreaks in new territory

have been discovered in the past two

weeks altho the disease has been found

on a. few additional farms adjacent to

those where it already existed. So far

152 herds or farms have been found af-

fected as follows: In Michigan 8, in New

York 44, in Penssylvania 98, and in Mary-





land 2. All of the diseased and exposed

animals in Michigan, New York, and

Maryland so far as known have been





slaughtered. and the work of slaughtering

and disinfection in Pennsylvania, where

the disease has been most extensive, is

well advanced and is being pushed as

rapidly as possible. If no new infection

is discovered, it is believed that the dis-

ease will be entirely eradicated within

a Very short time. As an extra precau—

tion. however, a careful canvass of the

infected territory will be. made, inspect-

ing the animals from farm to farm to

make sure that no cases have been over-

looked.



It is very important for the prompt

suppression of this outbreak that all

cases should be reported without delay.

There is nothing to be gained by a stock

owner concealing the presence of the

disease among his animals. The hearty

co-operation of all farmers in reporting

all suspected cases will facilitate the

work of eradication and hasten the time

when the quarantine can be raised and

normal conditions restored.



OUR SUGAR SUPPLY AND ITS

CONSUMPTION.





 





The average citizen of the l'nitcd

States consumes half his own weight in

sugar every year, and the sugar bill of

the country aggregates a million dollars

for every day of the year.



These assertions are. justified by a sta-

tistical statement just prepared by the

Bureau of Statistics of the Department

of Commerce and Labor, which shows

the quantity of sugar produced in the.

United States, the quantity brot from our

own islands, the quantity imported from

foreign countries, and the quantity ex—

ported, showing a total consumption of

from 6 to 7 billion pounds a year, the

total for the latest year, 1907. being

7,089,667,975 pounds. Calculating this

enormous total at the average retail price

of 514 cents per pound, we get a total

of 372 million dollars as its cost to the

consumer, or more than a million dollars

for each of the 365 days of the year.

Dividing this total of 7,089,667,975 pounds

by the 1907 figures of population, we, get

an average consumption for 1907 of

82 3—5 pounds per capita, which is more

than one-half of the average per capita

weight of the people .of the country, in-





cluding men, women, and children in

this calculation.

One—fifth of this enormous total of 7





billion pounds. speaking now in very gen-

eral terms, is produced at home, one—

lifth is brot from our own islands. and

the remaining three-fifths from foreign

countries. Speaking more. accurately. the

Bureau of Statistics’ statement shows

that 21.3 per cent of the sugar consump—

tion of the country in 1907 was of home

production, 17.7 per cent from our own

islands, and the remaining 61 per cent

come from foreign countries. The home

product amounted to 1,511 million pounds,

that brot from the islands, 1.254 million

pounds, and that from foreign countries,

4,367 million pounds. 0f the 1.511 million

pounds produced at home, 544 millions

was produced from cane and 967 millions

from beets. Of the 1.254 million pounds

brot from our own islands, 408 millions

was from Porto Rico. 821 millions from

Hawaii, and 25 millions from the Philip-

pines. Of the 4.367 million pounds brot

from foregn countries, 3.236 millions was

cane sugar from Cuba, 732 millions from

other cane-sugar countries, and 398 mil-

lions beet sugar produced in Europe.

Meantime, 43 million pounds were ex-

ported, leaving the total consumption at

home, as above indicated, over 7 billion

pounds.



_The sugar record of the United States





in 1907 was unique in several particulars.

The quantity of sugar imported from

foreign countries was larger than ever

before, the quantity brot from our own

islands was larger than in any former

year, the quantity produced at home ex-

ceeded that of any other year, the quan-

tity exported was larger than in any year

of the past decade, and the per capita

consumption was the largest ever record-

ed, an average of 82.6 pounds for each

man, woman, and child of continental

United States. An equally interesting

feature of this record year of 1907 was

the fact that the production of beet sugar,

for the first time exceeded the production

of cane sugar: the product of the yeai

being, cane sugar. 544 million pounds;

beet sugar, 967 million pounds.



The increase in the production of beet

sugar in the United States has been very

rapid in recent years. A decade ago, in

1897, the production of beet sugar was

about 84 million pounds, against 644 mil-

lion pounds of cane sugar. Five years

later, in 1902, the. beet—sugar production

was 369 million pounds, against 729 mil-

lion pounds of cane sugar; in 1907, beet-

sugar production was 967 million pound





against 544 million pounds of cane sugar;





the beet-sugar production of 1907 being

greater than that of cane sugar in any

year in the history of the. country.





 





CONSUMER’S MEAT COST.





 





Investigations of meat prices by the

national Bureau of Labor indicate that

the average price of meat per pound paid

by consumers in 1900 was 1234 cents; 13

cents in, 1901; 131;. cents in 1905, and 13%

or possibly 14 cents in 1906. It follows

that the retail meat bill of this country

was $2,052,279,000 in 1900, and about $2,-

304,000.000 or more in 1906. Every in-

crease of a cent per pound in the national

average retail price of meat raises the

total yearly expense to consumers by

$168,000,000.





RELATIVE DECLINE OF' STOCK OF

MEAT ANIMALS.





 





While the national stock of meat ani-

mals has absolutely increased Since the

first livestock census in 1840, it has

steadily decreased relative to population,

with the exception that a Contrary tend-

ency was indicated for 1390 on account

of the large .number of range .cattle at

that time.



.me—eighth of the national production

of meat and its products in 1900 was

exported, so that seven—eighths of the

producion constitutes the national con-

sumption. Having in View solely the

stock of meat animals that sustains the

national consumption of meat, 3. ratio

between the number of these animals

and the population may be computed for

each census year as for back as 13-10,

and, if this ratio of animals to popula-

tion be representh by .100 for 1840, the

corresponding stock for 1900 is only 59.

The decline. from 1300 to 1900 is one-

fourth. Otherwise statcd. if the per cap-

ita stock of meat animals in 1890 from

which the domestic consumption was de-

rived be represented by 100, the similar





,-





stock in 1900 was 75,





We have given the machine a good trial

and are well pleased with the results. It

runs easier and does as good work as a

$40 machine we had here on trial before

purchasing your machine. I see no rea-

son why your machine should not last as

long as the higher priced one.——\Vm. E.

Hill, Davison, Mich.





VETERINARY.





 





(Continued from page 6).

too expensive for veterinary use. Give

1 oz. bicarbonate soda at a dose in feed

twice a day.

Chronic Cough—Ophthalmia.—I have a

cow that has been troubled with a cough

and looseness of the bowels for several





months. I consulted our local Vet. He

lhot she had indigestion. I also have.

some sheep that are. troubled with sore





eyes. This ailment; is inclined to produce

partial blindness. 0. VV., Saginaw,

Mich—It is possible. that your cow has





tuberculosis; if she is loosing flesh and

growing Worse you had better have her

tested with iuberculinc. This will de—

termine Whether she has consumption or

not. Give 1,.{3 oz. ground gentian, 1,1. oz.

powdered sulfate iron, 1 oz. ground gin-

ger and 1 oz. powdered charcoal at a

dose in feed twice a day. Give your

sheep 5 ms. iodide potasseum at a (lime-

once. a day and blow a little calomcl into

eye once daily.



Periodic Ophthalmia. I have a 6-year—

old horse that i fear is going blind. lie

has had several attacksmthe (‘yo becom-

ing a litlc more dull after each one. Now

there seems to be a white substance

forming in eye. \K'. \V., Copcmish, Mil-h.

——I am inclined to believe that a cataract

is forming in eve and if so medication

will not give you satisfactory results;

however, it will do not harm to give a

dessert spoonful syrup iodide iron once a

day in feed. Leave the eye alone.



Foot and Mouth Disease—I'would like

to know if horses are in danger of coin

tracting foot and mouth disease; also

are they liable to have anthrax? H. M.,

Marion, Mich.—No.



Contagious Abortion—Ts there any

way in which I can prevent my bull from

contracting contagious abortion? And

prevent him infecting other cows he is

mated with? And what can I give a cow

to prevent her giving thick milk? S. C.

C. Hillsdale Mieh.—VVhen a bull is mated

to cows that suffer from contagious abor-

tion it is likely to infect the bull and he

may infect well cows. If you have no

cases of infectious abortion in your herd

and your bull has not been mated with

any infected cows in your locality you

had better be careful. You have doubt-

less read my prescription for treating





 





 

 





 





(19) 19

such cases. Give cow 1 ‘oz. bicarbonate

soda twice daily- , . ;



Opacity of Cornea.——I have an 8-year—

old race- mare that I keep for breeding

purposes, which has a thick white film

covering her right eye. Can she be

cured? J. J. S.,,,Plymouth, Mich.—,It is

very doubtful whether you will succeed

in absorbing the growth on eye or not.

Blow a little calOmel into eye once a

day, drop 2 grs. nitrate silver in 1 oz.

rain water and apply a little once a. day.

Give 1 dr. iodide potasseum daily.





W A N T E D '!

HAY 0F ALI. GRADES.





Vlrllo IorquoIaIlons. 0n. nrolll. mm nroducor to consumer.





F. D. HEWITT,

120 Liberty St., New York.





HAY & GRAIN





We want to hear from shippers of Bay and Grain—Our

direct service to large consumers In this district enable-

us to get top prices for good shipments. Liberal od-

voncel to oonlignorl.





Daniel McCaIirey's Sons (10., Pillsbury Pa.

IloI.—-Vlaslllnglon III'I Bank. lluqunne Inl‘l Bull.

-





“’° 43"" TOP PRIOES FOR EOIS





We want nothing but fresh select flock. Must be direct from



first hands. Huek-teu' and collectors' shipments not solictcd.



We supply chipping cases and pay express charges.



Prices sent on application.



The W. H. THOIAB 00., 421 Woodland Ave.. CLEVELAND. 0

Share Tenant, HBO-acre farm,





WAN TE all available. ready now; cows,





swine and machinery now on farm. Address by

Mail, STANLEY WILCOX. Jackson, Mich.





I WANT TO RENT a..160-aere potato farm. half

mile from Lowell, to some up to date reader of .

the Mich. Farmer who Is a success as a potato grower

and who wants to give his time to this crop. He to

furnish and have 35 share. I might be willing to

back the right man a little on tools, seed, fertilizer,

etc.. if necessary. Write JOHN B. MARTIN. 98

Monroe 81., Grand Rapids. Mich.





FARMS IlIIl FIRM [Mills

on SALE on ExcHAlaE





MICHIGAN FARMS fifi'fis





Bourne do Fisk. 501 Chamber of Commerce. Detroit.





 





 





 





   





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





0R SALE—Number of fine farms and business

chances. fine locations. good country, for porti-

culars write R. W. HICKMAN, Chesanlng, Mich.





 





 





SELL FARMS IN OCEANA.-The banner coun'

ty of Michigan; fruit, grain and stock farms-

erte for my list. J. D. S. HANSON, Hart, Mich.





MICHIGAN FARMS sag,





Southern (It Central Counties. Write for list, 8.

HAYES, Ashton Building, Grand Rapids, Mich.





[\NOTHER 100 ACRE SNAP~Close to Ypsl‘



4 lantl. $35 acre. Easy terms. Buildings good



soil good, running stream. A grwat bargain.

BOURNE 65 FISK. Detroit.





GOOD FARM FOR SALE 81:52.1? 01m:





W. P. CROTSER. Traverse City. Mich.





FOR SALE on RENT—My 175—acre FARM in s. W.



Michigan. Good soil, run-



ning water, well fenced, large basement barn, silo.

etc. Description and terms sent by return mail.



H. 0. CROSBY, Three Oaks, Berrien Co.. Mich.





LEGANT FAR‘Vl—loo acres. Near Ypsilantl‘

Flue 12 room house, basement born. sheep barn.

all outbuildings. Rich soil. No waste. New fences.

orchard and fruits. Everything choicest. See It,

68.75 acre. Easy terms. Bourne a Flsk.Detroit.3





CASH FOR YOUR FARM





If you want to sell,



send description to

FRANK P. C LEVELAND.

943 Adagilixpreu Building. Chicago, ill

Mlohlcan at from





WHY PAY BEN ,, ,0 ..





near Saginaw and Bay City. Write for map and par

llculars. Clear title and easy terms. STAFFELD 11308..

(owners) 15 Merrill bldg.. Saginaw. W. 8.. Mich.





CAN’T BEAT THIS FARM BARGAIN—0n

electric line, close to Ypsilanti. 250 acre farm.

Complete and good. 950 acre. Worth twice as much.

Let us prove it. BOURNE & FISK, Detroit.





Cheap Tennessee Farms

I'_ Making Men Rich!—





Fortunes are being made on fertile Tennes-

see farms. They raise big crops of Canta-

loupes, Cabbage, Tomatoes, String Beans,

Green Corn. etc. , also Horses. Outtle.Shee¥.Swine,

Poultry and Eggs. VVrlte me at. once or Free

Literature. I‘ll tell you how to get one of these

Bpit‘lldlli forms for $5 to $20 per new. Act. quickly!

ILF. Smilh,TraI.Mgr.N. (‘.& St. [is Ily. IMpt.l’,NusthlIe ,Tenl.





WEALTH III sounllsnn mus





Southern farms keep the bank account

healthy. Crop after crop in a single season

the rule. For real profit buy a farm in Tide-

water. Virginia. or Carolina. Climate just

right. Early markets. Best prices. Good rail-

road facilities. Finest trucking lands in the

world. No irrigating or fertilizing. Living

cheap. Lands on easy terms. Write





F. LIIEIIIIITT, Land and Induol’l lat. Norfolk lIlII Stallion

Ilallvm. 20 GIIIzons link Bulldlng, lorIolll. In.





For Information as to lands In





The IIATIOII’S OAROEII SPOT





I along the





ATLAIITIO COAST LIIIE RAILROAD





In Virginia, North and South Carolina, Georgia.

Alabama and Florida. wrlte to

WILBUR MCCOY,



Agrl. and lmmI. Agent,





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





.-





\





 





v ,





when you can buy

the Best Land In





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Atlantic Coast Line. - Jacksonville. Fla.
. ........ ,,.-..;,.....w.4..s.;-e..:u.w





 





20 .. (20)





L THEDAIRY





LILLIE





 





 





   





 





CONDUCT-ED BY COLON C.





 





RELATION OF DAIRYING TO SOIL

FERTILITY.





 





Plant food is stored up in the air and

in the soil. We do not have to bother

ourselves about the plant food stored in

the air, the plants have a way of getting

that food, the carbon and oxygen of the

air, so the farmer does not have to worry

about it. Many of the plant foods in the

soil are very abundant so the farmer

does not have to bother with them. We

do not talk about iron as a plant food

yet plants cannot live without iron but

all soils contain sufficient iron to grow

maximum crops for an indefinite period

of time. There are other elements of

plant food which are not sufficiently

abundant in all soils to maintain profit-

able agriculture for any considerable

length of time. The three most import-

ant of those, the three essential elements

of plant growth, are nitrogen, phosphoric

acid and potash, and so when we talk

about fertilizers we always confine our-

.selves to the three essential elements of

plant growth, nitrogen, phosphoric acid

and potash and the plant gets all of

these from the soil.



When you grow crops upon the soil,

those crops take out of the soil these

elements. If we sell these crops from

the farm to get our income, we simply

sell the nitrogen, phosphoric acid and

potash from the soil. If we raise hay,

and wheat, and oats, and corn, and po-

tatoes, and ship them out to feed the

people of the world, we are simply min-

ing the nitrogen, phosphoric acid and pot-

ash which kind nature has deposited in

the soil; we are taking it out of the soil

and shipping it away to feed the millions

of the world.



On the other hand, if, instead of taking

those crops which are produced here and

selling them off the farm, we first feed

those crops to an animal, what is the

result? On careful investigation we find

that ;the animal does not utilize, does not

need, all of the nitrogen, phosphoric acid

and potash which the‘ crop took out of

the soil for its growth and sustenance.

The balance is a Waste product and can

be returned to the soil in the form of

nature. The percentage of the plant

food which can be returned depends

somewhat upon the age and nature of

the animal to which we feed the crops.

For instance, young growing animals,

where they are developing bone and mus-

eular tissue, take more nitrogen and

phosphoric acid from the soil because

they have to develop bone and tissue,

which are composed largely of these ele-

ments. When we grow those animals

and fatten them on the farm and sell

the carcass off the farm to get our profit,

we sell that much more plant food than

when we feed those crops to the dairy

cow and manufacture the animal pro-

duct—milk’into butter, .because in that

case, practically all of the plant food

the crops took out of the soil, which

furnished sustenance for the dairy cow,

is returned to the soil because butter-fat

is not a plant food. As somebody has

aptly said, “butter and sugar are noth-

ing more nor less than crystalized sun-

shine.” It is carbon. If we grow up the

dairy cow on the farm, keep her there

and make her product into butter, sell

nothing but butter from the farm, and

when the cow passes her period of use-

fulness We compost her and put her

bones and flesh back into the soil, we

have not removed anything in the way of

plant food from the soil.



But, besides that, the physical. condi-

tion of the soil has much to do with its

crop-producing power. Many soils in this

state that will not produce profitable

crops today are in that condition, not

from the fact that they do not contain

enough nitrogen, phosphoric acid and

potash, but from the fact that a poor

system of farming has depleted the soil

of vegetable matter—humus—and the

soil has gotten into poor physical condi-

tion. In order to have a productive soil

we must have vegetable or organic mat-

ter in it as well as soluble plant food.

\Yhen we grow crops and sell them from

the farm we are removing all the vege-

table matter from the soil and in a short

time we will get that soil in such con—

dition that we cannot grow profitable

crops because of the fact that its physical

condition does not make it a congenial

home for plants to grow in, but when we

feed those crops to animals and put the

manure back in the soil we have prac-

tically saved all the organic matter. None





 

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





THE " MICHIGAN FARMER.





goes off the farm; it is put back into the

soil and maintains its physical 'condi~

tion.



Now if people will become interested in

dairying there is no reason why the soil

cannot be maintained at its present 'de-

gree of fertility and more, it can be im-

proved; and what is the use of waiting

until we‘ cannot grow good crops on our

farms before we commencegthis better

system of agriculture:





FIGURES ON COST OF A DAIRY

RATION.





 





I have before me a monthly journal in

which a Mr. N. A. C. writes on cheap

feeds for dairy cows. He uses silage

as the principal feed and places a value

on it of $2.50 per ton, the cost of pro—

duction.



Now is the value of corn silage just the

cost of growing and putting the corn into

the silo? I have noticed other writers

placing it as low as $2. I have a silo

and would not part with it at any reason-

able price, but cannot place the value of

silage as low this year as above. I have

put corn into the silo this year that cut

15 tons of green forage and would husk

at least 100 bu. of cars, or 60 bu. of

shelled corn per acre. We husked an

acre to learn the above facts. It will be

seen that we have put into the silo with

every ton four bu. of shelled corn. Had

this corn been husked and cured it would

have sold this fall for 80c per bu. Ac-

cording to this we have, in each ton of

silage, $3.20 worth of corn. Three tons

of silage would make about a ton of dry

stalks, which usually sell for $3 to $4.

Each ton should therefore contain at

least $1 worth of stalks, making the value

of the silage $4.20 per ton.



Now some will argue that the... extra

cost of husking and curing the corn will

offset the difference in value. With the

improved large huskers corn can be

cribbed,’ re-loaded and shoveled into the

hopper at the elevator as cheaply as it

can be put into the silo, the tons of water

considered in putting in green corn. I

know that corn can be raised and put

into silo for less than $2.50 per ton, but

every crop raised on the farm should

have a market value, which should be

above cost of production. We have raised

beans this year that cost not to exceed

500 per bu. We know that beans are

an excellent sheep feed, but how would

our lamb feeding account look to charge

them 500 per bu. for beans when the

market pays $2.



Here is Mr. N. A. C.'s ration for a cow

per day: 40 lbs. silage at $2.50 per ton,

5c; 10 lbs. clover hay, 2%0; 4 lbs. cotton-

seed meal, 60; total, 13%c.



Now the difference in 40 lbs. of silage

at $2.50 and $4.20 per ton is 3.4c per 1b.,

making cost of ration about 170 per day,

which is still a very cheap ration for a

cow.



Lapeer Co. G. H. Fortes.





VALUE OF THE CREAM SEPARATOR.





 





It has been but a comparatively short

time since cream separators were avail-

able to the farmer. Our more progres-

sive farmers were not slow in grasping

the first opportunity to purchase a ma-

chine at what would seem now an exor-

bitant price yet they are unanimous to

a man that the investment paid and paid

them well. ‘



So many farmers today are timid, or

cautious, lest the venture will not pay

for itself the first year or that the good

wife will not be able to turn the machine

after milking the cows. Yet these same

farmers would not hesitate to buy a corn

or grain binder which, with the best of

care, will not much more than pay the

interest on its cost.



Questions are often asked as to the

number of cows a farmer should keep

in order to make a separator pay. Now,

at present prices, a man with two cows

cannot afford to be without a separator.



I will give a little personal experience

to illustrate. One of my neighbors per-

suaded me to try a machine. To please

my wife, rather more than my neighbor,

I allowed one to be put in. It was in the

month of June. We were milking two

COWS and using the so-called water sep-

arator, in which the water is mixed with

the milk. We had been making the but-

ter used in a family of five and were

selling 5 lbs. a week at the grocery.

After we began using the hand separator

we sold 10 lbs. a week, a gain of 5 lbs. in

favor of the separator. This gain, at 200

per 1b., would, in one year, about pay

for a machine, as a standard machine

can be hot for $50.



Before cream came to be a commercial





\





 





article, as it is today, the care of the.





product of the cow was a difficult prob-





lem. With the cream separator a 'man '





can keep as many c'ows as his farm will

carry, and his wife will have no 'more

work to care, for a. separator for five,

ten or more cows than for two, while the

extra gain in cream will be clear profit.

Eaton Co. H. W.





 





THE DEVELOPMENT AND. PERFEC-

TION OF THE le0.





 





The silo has doubtless become the

greatest of modern institutions in con-

nection with dairying. It is simply a

modification and elaboration of the old

potato or cabbage pit, and in fact the first

silos were pits. What has probably de-

terred the modern silo from coming into

universal use is the rather prevalent idea

among farmers that it requires a great

amount of skill and experience to en-

sure success, and that the silo of today

is much further removed from the old pit

than is the reality. ,Experience, how-

ever, point’s to the fact that so long as

the crop is cut at the right stage and put

together with ordinary care, be it in

stack, pit, or overground silo—chaffed or

unchaffed—success must' result, the

amount of waste being inversely pro-

portionate to the amount of care ex-

ercised.



It is quite natural that, being a new

thing to most, and having heard reports

of failures, farmers have in the past hes-

itated in risking their crops by attempt-

ing to ensilage them, but now with silos

scattered all over the country, in every

district, it is easy for them to see for

themselves. As to the merits of any par-

ticular method, or any particular struc-

ture of silo, opinions are varied. Each,

doubtless, has something to recommend

it, and only a man’s particular conditions

and requirements can determine for him

the most suitable plan.



G. E. M.





 





KIND OF SILO TO BUILD.





 





I would like to build a silo about 14x,





30 ft. Do you consider it would be

cheaper to buy a stave silo in the knock

down than to get the material f10m my

timber. I have plenty of good oak that

I think would be all right for studding.

Would you cut the studding say 16 ft.

long? That would leave two feet for

splicing, or would you cut them different

lengths so as to break joints? What

kind of timber would you prefer to sheet

it up with for plastering. I have elm,

black ash, oak and cottonwood. About

how much studding and sheathing do

you think it would require. I can blly

a stave silo, delivered at the station, for

about $165. \Vould also like to know

which would be most durable.



Gratiot Co. J. H. SOMERS.



I think you can build a lath and plaster

silo out of your own lumber that will be

entirely satisfactory, as I have explained

many times in The Farmer. How much

you make by doing this will depend

largely upon how much time you have to

give to it. If you have plenty to do, you

must understand that it will cost you

something to go into the woods and get

out the timber, get it to a mill and have

it sawed, and that sort of thing. On the

other hand, if you buy a stave silo it is

all ready to put up and it takes but little

time. But if you haven’t much to do and

can spare the time, you can certainly

get a good silo and not have it cost any-

where near as much in cash as a stave

silo would cost you.



The oak timber would be entirely satis-

factory for the studding, and 2x4's would

be strong enough. Set them about 16

in. apart and lath it up on the inside

with almost any kind of lumber; it doesn’t

matter very much what the lumber is for

the lath because it will not be exposed to

the weather at all and will keep an in-

definite length of time. On the outside,

you can clapboard it with common pine

clapboards, or you could saw them out

of cottonwood if you wish, which would

do just as well. If you lath and plaster

on the studding on the inside, mix the

cement in the proportion of two parts

sand to one part cement and you will

have a good durable silo. About every

third year it ought to be whitewashed

with a pure cement whitewash. The

plaster, under such care, will probably

last ten to fifteen years. Mine lasted

fifteen years. Then if it begins to get

soft from the action of the ensilage you

can plaster it again, right over the first

coat of plaster, and it will last just as

long again and will be entirely satis-

factory.





 





Do not feed cold milk to the calves





 





 





   





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1/, ”3.60" 9041/} l





MOD SAWS





AW your own



wood

and save

time, coal and

money; or saw

your neighbors

wood and





   

 

 

 





 

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   





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We make the celebrated Hero Friction Feed Draz

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Will crush and grind corn

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‘ Made In four sizes for 1

to 10 B Free catalog





TIIOS. ROBERTS. inilngllold. 0





DAIRY FEEDS for Immediate





pmont.

Choice Cotton Seed Meal @~- $30.00 Per ton.

(Mutual Brand 41 i protein.)



Genuine Old Process OII Meal )@ 33. 00 “

(Ground or pen size 1’. o. b. Toledo





 





 





Best Quality Beet PnI Ip @ ............ 23.00 "



Schnmncker Feed @ ....................... 31.00 "



an-All Corn Flakes @ ............... 26. 00 “

(A Splendid Hog Feed)



Gluten Feed @ ................................ 32. 00 "





Flour-Mill Feeds— Poultry Supplies—Incubator;

Special Price on 5 to 20 tons of FEED delivered.

MUTUAL SUPPLY 00.. Jackson, Mich.





 





these cold mornings. They will not grow

as fast. Have the milk as near the

temperature of maternal milk as possible. 1

-—M. A. P.





 





I!“NJF1IHE'"3§§§E¥BJE§$:

”to: Iron a. Steel Rooting Go. ”3:32: 33:.





 





 





.\‘





 





 





 





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e





 





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"may“ . -' ’

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:I—‘sn ., ,





 





JAN. 2, 1909. ' ' ‘

"'ibAIRv FEEDING PROBLEMS.





Will It Pay to Buy Feed for Cows?



What feed would you adVIse _where ‘a

man has no silo? Will a man. get his

money back if he has to buy all his feed

for "dairy cows, and how much would you

advise a man to feed?



Ottawa Co. H. K.



I wouldn't recommend that a man keep

coivs unless he raised some of his feed.

Tliat is, I wouldn’t buy an of the hay

and straw and cornstalks, and the grain





that cows eat, and keep cows. If I

didn't raise some of this'on my own

farm, then I wouldn’t keep cows, and





yet, good cows, well taken care of, will

give a man a. profit and buy all of the

feed which they consume. \Ve, however,

keep cows on a farm so that we can sell

some of the roughage of the farm to

them and make something from it. If

we didn’t have live stock of some sort

to consume this roughage we would get

very ittle out of it. For instance, clover

hay s ould be raised on every farm be-

cause clover benefits the la'nd and im-

proves its mechanical condition. It

pumps up the phosphoric acid and the

potash from the subsoil, and also gathers

the nitrogen from the atmosphere, and

leaves the land in much better condition

to raise cereal crops than before we

raised the clover. But clover hay is not

a very salable product. Timothy hay

sells much better, and yet, as I say, we

want to raise the clover.



Now after we get the clover we can

sell it to cows to good advantage. So,

too, when we raise corn. We want the

grain for feeding hogs, or horses, or

something of that sort. We have the

cornstalks as a by-product, and we

want to feed these to the cows and get

something from them. I suppose that

H. K. wants to know if it will pay to

buy the grain which the cows consume,

and I surely think it will. He doesn't

say anything about what kind of rough-

age he has to feed them and so I can

only in a general way give a ration. I

will simply suppose that he has mixed

hay and cornstalks. In that case I would

feed some corn meal, wheat bran and oil



~meal in connection with this ordinary

roughage raised on the farm. If you

have good cows, you can rest assured

that it will pay to do so.



Peas and Cats with Corn Silage.





How would peas and o,ts be for a.

balanced ration to be fed wit 1 silage? Can

speltz be fed to advantage with silage?

\Vould it be necessary to mix other gram

with speliz?



Grand Traverse Co. D. N.



As I~ have stated many times thru the

columns of The Farmer, I do not think

there is any better grain ration for dairy

cows than peas and oats. IVhen they

are sown in equal quantities by weight

and threshed, and the grain ground, they

make a most excellent grain ration for

cows and you need not feed anything

else with this grain to balance up clover





hay and corn silage as the roughage

food. If you will follow either of the

rules that are many times given, viz.,





to feed a pound of grain a day for every

pound of butter—fat produced in a week,

or feed a pound of grain for every three

or four pounds of milk produced by the

cow, you will have no trouble in getting





satisfactory results.

place of





Speltz would not take the

peas and oats. It is not so rich in pro-

tein, consequently, if you feed ground





speltz as a grain food you ought to buy

oil meal, or cottonseed meal, to mix with

it. I would mix in the proportion of

equal parts by weight, either oil meal or

cottonseed meal. Cottonseed meal would

probably be a little the cheapest as It

can be fed with perfect safety as long

as you have corn silage for roughage.

Then the same rule would apply as to

the amount of grain to be fed each day.





Grain to Feed with Clover Hay and Corn

Fodder.





What is the cheapest grain to feed to

cows giving milk, in connection with

clover hay and corn fodder, all grain to

be hot at present prices?



G. W. VVAITE.





Van Buren C0.

Taking everything into consideration,





for the good of the cows and the cheap-

ness of the ration, I would recommend

that you feed wheat bran, corn meal and

oil meal in equal proportions by weight.

Corn meal is pretty high and so is wheat





bran, but they are excellent foods. I

don‘t think there is any grain, or any





food, better for any kind of stock, than

a certain amount of the entire corn plant.

You are feeding the corn fodder as

roughage. Now I would put in enough

corn meal so that I would have about

the corn that Would naturally grow on

the corn fodder that you feed. Feed this

grain ration night and morning. You

can feed a pound of the grain ration

per day for every pound of butter-fat





 





A





your cows give in a week, or you can

feed a pound of grain ration for every

three or four pounds of milk which the

cows give. Either one of these rules

is, in a general way, a guide to proper

feeding, but of course a feeder must

always use his own judgment, taking

into consideration the individual capacity

of each cow.

ls Oil Meal. Necessary wit-h Peas and

' Oats? .





I am an old reader of your paper and

like it very well. I think it quite a favor

that we farmers ask questions and talk

with each other thru its columns. Please

advise me in regard to feeding milch

cows. For roughage I have corn fodder,





clover and timothy haY. and straw. For

grain, I have oats and peas, also corn.





What concentrated foods shall I buy to

make as cheap a ratiOn as possible?

I thot of feeding drilled corn fodder, ears

and all, at‘night: oats and pea meal, cot-

tonseed meal, and probably dried beet

pulp, for grain, and husked corn fodder

in the morning; also hay and straw dur-

ing the day. Must I feed any oil meal

if I feed pea meal?



Do you think dried beet pulp better to

feed than bran at present prices and

without a silo? How much grain should

I feed in the morning?





Ottawa Co. BENJ. Voss, JR.





For a grain ration with corn fodder,§





clover and timothy hay, and straw, I

would feed corn meal and peas and oats

in the proportion of 1 lb. of corn meal

to 2 lbs. of peas and oats. If you have





plenty of the peas and oats you do not‘





concentrated

ration





any other

as you will get no better

this. If, however, you haven't

enough of the peas and oats, I would

recommend, where you have no corn

silage, that you buy oil meal instead of

cottonseed meal. If, however, you use

dried beet pulp you can with perfect

safety use cottonseed meal in connection

with it. When feeding the drilled corn

fodder, ears and all, if there are quite II

lot of cars, I would not use any corn

meal in the ration, because the ears on





need to buy

feed,





than





the stalks will be all the corn they will:





need. So while feeding the drilled corn

fodder you can simply leave the corn

meal out of the ration and feed only





peas and oats.

It will not

meal, unless,

run short and not have

pea meal to last you thru.





be necessary to feed oil

as I say, you are going to

enough of the

If this is the





case, then it might be policy to feed a

little oil meal with the peas and outs

to make them last longer. Otherwise,





when you have fed up all your peas and

outs you must depend entirely upon some

other kind of grain for your cows.

“’ilh dried bcct pulp and wheat bran

at about the same price, I should prefer

the wheat bran. I would feed about the

same amount of grain in the morning

that I did at night. With good dairy

cows you will find it profitable to feed

from 5 to 8 lbs. of grain per day, perhaps

more to some of your best cows. You

will have to study the individuality Of

each cow and feed her accordingly. One

ought to know his cows Well enough to

know just about how much grain they

will consume and‘yct make him a profit

and then not feed in excess of the proiit.

On the other hand, he. must feed up to

the capz'lcity of the cow in order to get

the greatest profit. Nothing but careful

attention to details will determine this.

A Grain Ration with Clover Hay and

Cornstalks.





I am retailing milk and have no silo.

BTy rough feed is clover hay and corn-

stnlks. \Vill you give it ration of grain

to go with this?



\Vhat is your opinion of beet pulp in

connection with cottonseed Inenl. oil meal

or brain, and what proportion of each





should I use?



Berrien Co. R. P. SHERMAN.



I don‘t think you can get a better ra-

tion to go with clover hay and cornstalks

than corn meal, wheat bran and oil meal

mixed equal parts by Weight. I would

iced the clover hay and Cornstalks liber-

ally—wall they will eat up clean. So far

as I know the company you name is per-

fI-ctly reliable and I do not know of a

better place to purchase your supply of

grain, unless it should be of your local

dealer.



If you do not have corn silage and wish

to feed cottonseed meal, then I. would

recommend that you feed beet pulp in

connection with it. Moisten the beet

pulp several hours before. you feed it;

then put it in the manger first and put

the cottonseed meal on top of it. That

is the best way I know of feeding cot-

tonsccd meal unless you have corn silage

to feed. I would feed the dried beet pulp

and cottonSecd meal in the proportion

of 2 lbs. of pulp to 1 lb. of meal. But

do not mix them; moisten the beet pulp





as I say, then feed the. cottonseed meal





clear, on top of it. The. meal will stick

to it and the cows will do better than

when it is fed separately in the manger.





 





* " THE IMICHIG‘AN ‘ FARMER. ~‘





I , . l





, (21)





21,





 





)5





AWAY IN THE. LEAD

' FOR 1909. -





DE LAVAL

CREAM SEPARATDBS





The year that is past was one of unusual interest and import-

ance in a Cream Separator way. Twelve months ago we an-

nounced to cow owners the introduction of a. complete new line of

DE LAVAL farm and d‘Iiry sizes of machines, marking another

great move forward in the development of the Cream Separator.

’ers everywhere exceeded even our great expectations and nearly

The enthusiastic welcome given these improved machines by buy-

carried us off our feet. Orders came so thick and fast that stock

was soon exhausted and the DE LAVAL factory was forced to

run day andnight from March to July and continued with in-

creased force on full time throughout the entire year. Notwith-

standing the universal business depression DE LAVAL sales for

1908 were over 50% greater than in 1907. The new machines

simply swept the field of all separator honors and made the year

a notable one. in separator history. Practical experience in the

actual sale and use of 100,000 of the new machines has but





)1.





 





 





 





 





 





served to suggest still greater refinement of perfection and to

enable us to offer in the DP} LAVAL for 1909 a machine that

those who know say 18 MILES ANI) YEARS IN THE LEAD

OF EVERYTHING ELSE IN A SEPARATOR W'AY. If you have

not seen and used an IMPROVED DE LAVAL you really cannot

know what :1 Cream Separator is today. It's surely in your own

interest to do so before thinking of buying any other. Why not

write at once for a catalogue and full information, to be. had for

the asking.





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173-177 WILLIAM STREET

General Offices: nouns“.





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NEW YORK. 1m Fmsr Sums-r

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T0 EVERY FARMER IN MIGHIGAN

KEEPING cows





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first thing to do Is to subscribe for Hoard’s Dnlrymnn. Take advantage of our clubbing offer and secure the





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7 ASH STREET.





 





 





 





 





 





When Writing to advertisers mention the Michigan Farmer
a“, .1. “‘5’ “vim—an?





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:HORTICULTURE





MAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA—A





SOIL DYSPEPSlA—ITS CAUSES AND

REMEDIES.





 





 





 





 





 





To the general or ordinary farmer the

above caption may sound ridiculous, and

the writer thereof may perchance be ac-

cused of talking, or writing, in riddles.

Be this as it may, the fact remains that

land sometimes gets balky, and in spite

of all “whipping”——or encouragement—it

may receive by way of high manuring

and intensive culture it refuses to work

satisfactorily or yield proper returns.



The. writer has had some opportunity

of studying conditions where intensive

work both as to fertilizing, cropping and

culture were conducted on the high

pressure system, and we do not hesitate

to say that we have often found these

balky or dyspeptic conditions very

strongly in evidence. I have‘ talked these

matters over with truckers who have

been failing in the fertilizer and apply-

ing the muscle and elbow grease for

years and yet with all their efforts their

land would not grow the crops of former

years. They could easily see that with

widely increased demand and far and





‘away better market facilities they ought





to be making more money. The exact

opposite was really true, and while the

evidences were plainly visible, the reasons

were not so clear to many of them at

least. So the groping continued, with the

reasons in full sight. It is nature’s plan

to keep the soil busy; and true to her

instincts she would see to it that it is

kept busy; and if not in producing the

good and the useful, then the thorns

and the weeds and the thistles will grow.

But “all work and no play makes Jack

a dull boy,” holds good with the soil just

as well as with “Jack” or any other

boy. Again, change is rest, and that is

as good as play. So if we fail to give the

needed change, but continue to prod the

soil on to grow the same class of crops

from year to year, the end of successful

cropping is easily in sight. It by no

means follows that the soil should be left

in idleness, or to produce worthless trash.

But change is what is needful and that

should be as radical as possible. One

man who had been highly successful in

paying for his land, erecting good build-

ings and surrounding himself with home

comforts, was complaining that his place

was growing less productive from year

to year. The failure was plainly visible;

but the remedy was not so clear.

Some of the Remedies.



I pointed out that the reasons were not

far to seek; and also, that the remedies

were in sight. My advice was to divide

up the ground and with a portion of it

begin a rotation that would introduce a

radical change of crops. Only a portion

of the ground need thus be taken in any

one or two years; but with that portion

abandon the vegetable crops entirely for

a time, using only the cereal and legume

crops. Later on another portion could

be thus used and so continue until the

whole had undergone an entire changt.



While admitting it to be sound legit, the

truck crops made his cash income and

there Was the difficulty. He could see in

a way, the wisdom of the course, but the

cash income was his idol and he was

closely joined to it and preferred to be

let alone.



Well, immediate cash returns m

and doubtless would have been pcrcep ibl,»

less, until these radical changes were at

least, well under way. But the final

outcome would have been radical benefit,

and likewise increased gain.



Rest, in the sense of lying idle or worse,

is not what is required in restoring the

worn out truck lands. Simply a move

backward toward the original would only

increase the diiliculty; but a radical

change in the nature of the crops, and the

consequent changes in cultural methods

are the necessary requirements. Much

of the depletion of the garden soils, as

We firmly believe, comes about by what is

sometimes called “manure sickness.” So

much has been poured into the soil that

it actually becomes dyspeptic and fails to

properly assimilate the constant onpour-

ing of manure. It is simply soil dyspep-

sia and what is needed is radical change

in the crops and the diet as well. Sub-

stitute the cereals and legumes for a time.

and while the immediate cash returns

may, for a time, be less the ultimate

gains will be far greater.





Wayne Co. J. E. MORSE.





 





Club root of cabbage is one of the most

annoying yet easily controlled diseases.

To be on the safe side cabbage plants





 





 





should be started in soil which has not





been previously used for cabbage culture. .





A field in which the disease is found

should for several years be kept free of

cabbage, turnip, kale, wild mustard, etc.,

since the fungus winters over in the soil

and thrives on any plants of the brassica

family.





 





TO MAKE AND PRESERVE A LAWN.





Among the improvements for the farm-

er’s home on its outside surroundings,

a handsome lawn is beginning to have

due consideration. It is often as orna-

mental as the flower garden, and na-

turally has its place in connection with

ornamental trees and shrubs. No village

or city home is considered quite complete

without its fine lawn, tho it be ever so

small. _



A good lawn may either be made by

laying sod or by sowing seed. If turf is

used, the lawn is sometimes ready for

use in less time than when seed is used,

but, practically the difference is very‘

slight. Fewer lawns are made from turfl

every year. The turf or soil is nearly

always obtained from some nearby field,

and as a rule abounds in coarse grasses

and pernicious weeds. The former may

be got rid of after considerable trouble,

but the latter rarely ever. Sod laid

lawns are nearly always uneven, seamy

and varied in color and texture.





 





the lawn down.





 





l THE MICHIGAN '





Their Bhlpkygurh are direct to {he Wo'rld'n largsg‘t I?"

‘ . mar e w ere pr on area wnyah ghost. to or

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A lawn produced from a mixture of MYERS-BOYD COMMISSION C0” St- Louis! “0'





 





 





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we w sen on a ‘ etc



Atlas of the World" :: mp: :: and};



SCOTT & BOWNE. 409 Pearl St. N. Y.





 





 





 





Trap ers—Fur Traders





 





good, new, recleaned seeds of the finer

grasses and clover, is superior in quality

and texture to the best sod obtainable.

To obtain the best results from sowing,

the ground should be carefully dug over

—not too deep, six or eight inches will be

enough-~and nicely levelled off; then sow

on broadcast a good fertilizer, 600 pounds

to the acre, or about 10 lbs. to every

15x15 feet; rake this in, and roll Well;

then sow 70 pounds of good lawn seed

to the acre, or one pound to every 15x15

feet. Sow half of this quantity walking

one way, and half walking at right angles





 





HIDES and F088





Make money by shipping your Rides and Furs to

no. Smallshipments our specialty. We give each

shipment our personal nttention,and make cash re-

turns same day shipmentis received. Established

in 1865. The stead growth of our business for 18

years is accounte for by our thousands of perma-

nent satisfied shippers. Write for our latest price

list and shipping tags.





Doorley Bron, 226 Kinzie St., Chicago. Ill.

OLDEST AND LARGEST

House, in THE WEST





   

 





 





 





 





 





 





to it, so as to get even distribution. Do

not sow in windy weather, and be sure to

rake the seed in, and after sowing roll

it well. '



Those seeds that are deeply buried will

not germinate and those that are exposed

will be scorched by the sun, blown or

washed away or taken by the birds.



The best time for sowing is from the

middle of March to the middle of May,

the earlier—within reason—the better.

Whenever necessary to sow in summer

it is better to mix with rye or oats to

protect the tender shoots from the hot

sun.



Lawns need to be carefully looked

after. They will not always run them-

selves after having been once started.

If low lying land, it should be drained.

Annual weeds will appear. Most of these

can be checked by the regular mowing

of the grass, but some, like dandelions,

plantains and thistles, must be taken up,

each one singly, about an inch below the

surface. Another way is to dip a wooden

skewer into a bottle of sulfuric acid, and

run this into the heart of the weed.

Care should be taken in handling the

acid, as it burns holes in the clothes if

it gets on them. The weeds should in

all cases be attacked systematically.

Mark off a strip about six or eight feet

wide with a garden line, and weed this

thoroly; then change the line, and weed

the next strip.



Water should he sprinkled and not

poured upon the lawn.



Old lawns become thin in places. Use

the rake vigorously on these. It will‘

look bad for a time but the grass will

soon spring up again, and be the better

for it. Over the loose surface sprinkle

some finely ground fertilizer, and rake it

evenly in. After a few days add some

good lawn grass seed; rake this in and

roll it. For moss and chickwecd on lawns

rake or liarrow them out, and treat as

above. ,



Next in importance to cutting comes the

use of the roller to keep the. lawns per-

fectly smooth and help the roots. Lawns

are voracious feeders. and seine fertilizer

should be thrown broadcast over them‘

two or three times a season. Dry manurei

scattered over the surface in hot weather‘

will certainly scorch the grass. i



Do not let a poor, thin lawn run tc1

seed. It never improves it, but weakens

it more. Rake or harrow it well over,

and treat as above for old lawns.



Canada. W. R. GILBERT.





 





 





 





The Best Paper.

Inclosed find money for two subscrip-

tions for one year, one new and one re-

newal. Will say it is the best paper I-





have ever taken.

Bellevue, Mich. MRS. H. BARLEY.





 





Catalogue Ready January lst.

One customer writes:—





“For 32 Years Your Seeds

Have Been Unlailingly Good.”





Send for our 108th successive annual

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Catalogue contains invaluable cul-

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IFTHEYSUITOTHERS

WHY NOT YOU? '





Catalogue Mailed Free.





J. M.THORBURN 6: CO.

. .- - Dept. M.

33, Barclay St, thro’ to 38 Park Place, ~

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THE DEMING COMPANY,

705Depot St., Salem, Ohio





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SHERMAN & EBERLE,AIbany, H.Y.





 





 





 





 





 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





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Doll-ell, Mich.





 





 

   

   

   

   

 

   

 





 





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4

‘
GRANGE





LAAAAAAAAALAAAAAAAAAAA’A‘A’





7 0n:- Motto—“The, Farmer is of more

conseiiuence than the farm, andshould be

fifethimprov ."





C'THE JANUARY MEETINGS.





arm: A





 





fitat‘e Lecturer submits ‘the following

program outlines for meetings to be held

during the present month:



: Suggestions for First Meeting.



Installation of officers.



Reports of delegates to State Grange.



Five-minute addresses by new officers:

Master, "Our Grange Field;” Overseer,

“Our Duties as Officer‘sf’ Lecturer, “Our

Grange Plans.”



General discussion, “Good of the Order

in this community in 1909.” ~



Well known Grange songs should, open

and close this program, with instrumental

music to accompany the installation.



Suggestions for Second Meeting.



Song by the Grange, “America.”



Ron call, a fact from Michigan history.



Types and Breeds of the horse.



Select reading, “Black Beauty,” chap

ter 12.



Home economics: (a) Some essentials

of the home; (b) The water supply; (0)

Furnishing of the home.



'Song, No. ~84, in Grange Melodies.



Discussion: “Direct Nominations.”



Closing song, “Michigan, my Michigan."





A “CHRISTMAS” GRANGE.





While the members of Chesterfield

Grange, of Macomb county, are not ser-

iously considering the matter of changing





the name of their organization, it is a

fact that they have been called the

“Chrisimas” Grange. This distinction





has come to the Grange thru the fact

that its members make much of their

annual Christmas meeting. Chesterfield

Patrons are fortunate in numbering

among their most interested and faithful

members, Mr. and Mrs. J. M. Hall, of

Detroit, and this year’s Christmas meet-

ing occurred at the palatial home of Bro.

and Sister Hall, on Wednesday, Dec. 16.

The. large "limited” car, which had been

chartered for the occasion, was loaded

to the doors with happy Patrons and

their well-filled baskets. The excellent

dinner proved to be only one of the

splendid features which made up the

day’s program for, after all had feasted,

Bro. Hall conducted his guests to a large

upper room where all were seated around

a well-loaded Christmas tree. The host

,then assumed the role of Santa Claus

and genuine Christmas cheer and merri-

menut reigned until the tree had been

stripped of its gifts and every member

of the Grange had been remembered.

Then the tree was pushed aside to

make way for the speakers, for this





 





Miss Jennie Bueii.





Popular Grange Worker and Present»

Lecturer of Michigan State Grange.





Grange does not believe in giving all its

time to merrymaking, even at the Christ—

m-as season. Miss Jennie Buell, State

Lecturer, brot out many good thots in the

course of her talk on “The Farm Home,

Within and \Vithout.” She reminded

the members that when we study farm

homes we must take into consideration

much more than the buildings and their

environment. The real true home spirit

must be there. Miss Buell presented a.

number of photographs of farm homes,

calling attention to many little features

which, while apparently insignificant in

themselves, point unmistakably to the





 





presence or the lack of the true home





spirit.

‘ Live topics seem the order with this

Grange, and Dr. Dunphy, former State

Veterinarian, was next introduced to talk

on “Cattle Foot and Mouth Trouble."

A better understanding of the nature of

this disease resulted from this talk. The

fact that the actual mortality is low he

held to be largely responsible for the fact

that the seriousness of the trouble is not

better appreciated. The fact that one

attack does not render an animal im-

mune from future ones, also that few ani-

mals ever completely recover from its

effects, and the further fact that the de-

tection of the germ is practically impos-

sible, it being known as an ultra—micro-

scopic organism, were cited as reasons

justifying the heroic measures adopted

by the government in stamping it out.



A number of entertainment features

followed, consisting of comic songs, clever





 





Chas. A. Van Deventer.





Elected Overseer of Michigan State

Grange after more than 10 years of tell-

ing service in the Strong Grange County

of Gratiot.

impersonations, crayon talks, etc, fur-

nished by local artists. That there was

something doing every minute of the

afternoon is evident from the fact that

this Well varied program was completed

by 5 o'clock. The rousing vote of thanks

given their host closed the most enjoyable

meeting ever held by Chesterfield Grange.





POMONA MEETINGS.





 





Lapeer- County.



Despite the cold and wind. 60 Lapeer

county Patrons were present at the regu-

lar Pomona meeting which convened Dec.

3, in Oregon Grange hall. The hostess,

Grange, built this hall some six years ago

and has since taken satisfaction in its

varied uses for the social life of the

community. On this occasion the mem—

bers had decorated the main hall heavily

and tastefully with festoons of cedar,

over which hung the permanent mottoes

of the Grange, navmely. “\N'clcome,” and

"Unity, Peace and Brotherly Love."

The cordial opening addI'E‘Ss of the Ore--

gon Master, Bro. E. F. Reamer, voiced

the same spirit of pleasure at having

Pomona as guests. “The benefits," said

he, “of Pomona’s visit to a subordinate

Grange are always noticeable in good

effects afterward.”



The election of officers resulted in

choosing L. F. Chandler, master; M. V.

Judd, lecturer, and A. M. Bullock, secre-

tary.



The subject of local

sented by Phineas Arms who, in con-

clusion, raised the query, “Cannot the

Grange have an actual and helpful part

in the coming campaign for local option?”

“What may we expect of the Grange to-

day?” was the topic assigned Miss Jen-

nie Buell, of Ann Arbor, who made it the

basis of an outline of present live topics

that might well receive studious attention

from Granges everywhere, 1. e.. our

country’s natural resources, legislative

matters affecting the farmer, and Coun-

try Life Commission questions, com—

bining these with the new reading course

work.



In the evening the state speaker’s topic

was, “New Outlook for Farmers.” An

animated discussion occurred in the

afternoon over the question, “Is the silo

practical for the average farmer?” and

again in the evening on “Resolved, that

dairying is more remunerative than beef

production.” The dairymen in both

instances outnumbered their opponents

and were enthusiastic. both for cows and

the silo. The advocates of feeding for

beef contended that their business was

less confining and arduous but,brought

as large returns.





COMING EVENTS.





option was pre-





 





Pomona Meetings.



Muskegon Co.. with Silica

Thursday and Friday, Jan. 7-8,

Helme. State Speaker. Western Pomona,

With Ottawa Grange, Friday and Satur-

day, Jan. 8-9, Miss Jennie Buell, State

Speaker.



Berrien Co., at Berrien Center, Tues-

day. Jan. 12.



Clinton 00.. a Pomona rally at Olive

Grange hall,, Wednesday, Jan. 20.





Grange,

W.





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





t S"?





 





E FARMERS’ all}; .1





Address all correspondence relative to

the organization of new Clubs to Mrs. W.

L. Cheney, Mason, Mich.





 





Associationai Motto.—

The skillful hand, with cultured mind,

is the farmer’s most valuable asset.





 





Associationai Sentiment.—

The farmer; he garners from the soil

the primal wealth of nations.





THE ASSOCIATIONAL SECRETARY’S

REPORT.





 





Space did not permit the publication

of the Associational Secr ary’s report

in the issues which were devoted to a

general report of the recent annual meet-

ing of the State Association of Farmers‘

Clubs, but it will be presented in this

issue as the first feature of the meeting

to be given special notice, as follows:





As We meet here for our sixteenth an-

nual meeting, we see many familiar faces





. and hope those who meet with us for the





first time will feel at home and will think

“it is good to be here.”



If the Farmers‘ Clubs of the state of

Michigan have a home, it is here in the

senate chamber where the State Asso-

ciation was organized in February, 1894,

with 31 delegates from 22 clubs. A little

different today—the attendance shows

growth and proves the old adage, “Tall

oaks from little acorns grow.”



“'e believe more active work has been

done by the local clubs than the previous

year, judging from the messages received

at the secretary’s desk and from the

accounts published on the club page of

the Michigan Farmer each week. There

has certainly been more work done .by

the secretary this year for the Assoc1a-

tion having a tent at the state fair was

an innovation this year and caused a

great deal of extra correspondence,

responsibility, etc.



The members of the executive board

have worked well together, and since our

last annual meeting, there have been held

in Lansing, two conferences of president

and secretary, two executive meetings,

and one executive meeting was held in

Detroit.



Here followed a detailed account of the

work done, at these several meetings, in-

cluding the drafting of lcttcrs to mem—

bers of congress and of the constitutional

convention to accompany the, copies of

resolutions on national and state. affairs,

the formulation of plans for club exten-

sion, and the scheme of having a tent,

or headquarters, at the State Fair, and

many other important matters were dis-

cussed, the arrangement and carrying

out of sumo falling in large measure on

the Associational Secretary. A rcvicw of

the apparent results from the csizlblishing

of headquarters at the Stuic Fair was

also given, showing that 51 clubs were

represented by the 13 mcmbcrs of the

organization who rcgistcrcd at tho tent.

A report of the executiVe meeting held

in the tent on the fair grounds, at which

the plans for the annual meeting were

laid, and the execution of which also de-

volved on the secretary to a great ex-

tent, was also given. In continuation,

the report was as followg:



As stated before. we enrolled 130 clubs

.Ian. 1, 1908. During the. year five clubs

have reported disbanded, five others have

said no meetings in 1908, and two others,

“Ayr,” Emmet county, and “\‘Vidc

Awake,” Shiawassee county, have not

been heard from in two years. This

makes 124 clubs and one new club,

“Hickory,” Tuscola county, makcs a total

of 1'15 active clubs in :11. counties. On

Nov. 2, a program. a report blank and

two crcdcniial blanks were sent. to the

secretary of each club. The. following

day programs were sent to 97 presidents.

()f the balance. 28 presidents, we have

not the address. Programs have also

been sent to officers, cx-oflicm's and many

interested persons.



During the year the secretary has re-

ccivcd four inquiries about club organi—

zation, one inquiry for secretary of

Jackson county, onc inquiry for entire. list

of clubs, three inquiries for Roport of

1907. one inquiry for song book, two

inquirics for local constitution and by-

laws, one inquiry for rcporls of com-

mittee on State and National Affairs.



An inquiry from Libcriy ll'. iuilcy, of

Cornell, for the, Corrcct name of this

organization when organich. and secre-

tary's address, the same to be published

in the fourth volume of Cyclopedia of

American Agriculture. A brief report

of the associational work for the year

ending June 30, 1908, was writtcn for the

Report of the State Board of Agriculture

as was done one year ago.



There have been four inquiries for

speakers. One at the institute at Al-

mont. Col. L. H. Ivcs, was secured. One

for the Club Fair at Rives Junction by

the Rives and East Tompkins Club. Ex-

President C. B. Cook attended. One to

talk on the revised constitution at the

October meeting of the Perry-Benning-

ton Club. President A. L. Chandler did

the deed, and a, speaker was asked for

Club Day at Calhoun County Fair, but

the day never materialiZed.



The statistical part of this report

seems very incomplete for only a few

over half of the clubs have reported and

Why? The question is unsolved. About





(23) 23





1





two weeks ago.50 extra blanks were sent

to as many clubs but only a few of them

have been reurned. Seventy-eight blanks

have been returned and statistics com-

piled are as follows: Membership, 1907,

5,650. Membership, 1908, 6,127. 784

meetings held, with an average attend-

ance of 50; 15 clubs have yearly pro-

grams; 34 clubs have an annual picnic:

15 clubs heldfairs; 20 clubs held a. temp—

erance'meeting; 52 deaths have occurred;

63 secretaries take the Michigan Farmer.

This last question the secretary took the

liberty of adding to find out just how

many local secretaries she was reaching

thru The Farmer when she sent any

requests.



Here the report mentions the successful

work done by the secretary in securing

quarters for delegates in Lansing homes,

this bcing the first time that adequate

accommodations have been thus provided

for the delegates in advance of the meet-

ing. The closing paragraphs of the report

follow:





For the first time in our remembrance

has an officer been detained from the

annual meeting by sickness, but our

treasurer, Mr. A. C. Patterson, suffered

a sevore fall on Sept. 28, and is still in

a critical condition, but he sends as his

deputy, a member of the same club,

Mr. E. Z. Nichols, of Hillsdale.



At the meeting of 1896 there was passed

this resolution. “Resolved, That the

Michigan Farmer be selected as the offi-

cial organ of the Michigan State Asso—

ciation of Farmers’ Clubs, and the sec-

retaries of local clubs instructed to keep

such publication by monthly communi—

cations posted in regard to the senti-

ments of the members of the clubs on

the various subjects of general interest.”



There have 41 different clubs reported

the past year, ranging from one to ten

times. Ellington and Alrner and Salem

Clubs take the lead. Ingham and Look-

ing Glass Valley follow with seven re-

ports. Odessa and Sherman with six.



The editor of the Michigan Farmer,

Hon. I. R. Waterbury, is an ex-president

of this association and is much inter-

ested in club work, and to him the asso-

ciational sccrctury owes many thanks for

assistance and suggestions received.

Also the secretary wishes to thank the

officers and directors and officers of local

clubs for the courtesies and help extended

to ier.





CLUB DISCUSSIONS.





 





 





Discuss Education.—The Wise Farm—

ers' (‘lub met with Mr. and Mrs. G. H.

Hersey in Clare Dec. 10, with fair attcnd—

ance, and everyone in good humor. Club

called to order by its new president, P.

M. Loomis. After opening exercises and

dinner, Louisa Vankcr gave a line reci—

tation, L M. Converse sang a song, Mrs.

L. M. Converse, select reading, Mrs. J.

H. Wilson, recitation. Then the discus-

sion, “Resolved, That education has done

more for the world than religion,” was

opened by P. A. Bennett, editor of thc'





Sentinel. Rev. “'alker spoke. on the

ncguive side and both talks were very

inicrcsting. Mrs. J. E. McDonald fol-





also Mrs.

a song by





lowed with a fine recitation,

G. H. Hersey. Closed with

Club—J. H. Seelcy, Reporter.



Hold Annual Meeting.—-'l‘hc December

mceiing of the Ingham County Curmers’

Club was held Saturday, Dec. 12, with

Mr. and Mrs. H. \Vilson. A good report

was given of the State Association and

as 20 or more mcmbcrs Wcrc prcscnt the

discussion was quite general. The fol-

lowing officers were elected: President,

Col. L. H. Ives: vicc-presidnt, Mrs. \V.

H. Taylor; rccording secretary, Mrs. W.

H. Haskell; corresponding secretary.

Mrs. J. E. Tunswell; treasurer, E. C.

Russell; directors, two years. J. H.

Shafer, Mrs. ll). 1’. Rowe: director-S, two





yca rs. W. H. ’I‘u ylor, Mrs. H. \Vil son;

directors, one ycar. N. A. Crittendcn,

Il’Irs, \V. S_ lloot. This board of direct—





ors forms tho program committee and

locating committee. The treasurer re—

portcd all bills paid and over $8.00 in the

treasury. The next meeting will be the

sccond Saturday of January, at Maple

Ridge Farm, with Mr. and Mrs. J. E.

Tallchll. Prof. .1. Fred Baker. of the

M. A. C., will give a talk upon Forestry.

—Mrs. ’l‘answcll, (‘ro. Soc.





The Annual Meeting of the Salem

Farrncrs’ Club was h cld Dec. 2, at the

plcasunt home of H. W. Smith. Nearly





one hundred friends and mcmors of the

club ilSS(‘lllI)Il‘(I. The program consisted

of music, by Miss Mabcl Nuylor and Mr.

and Mrs. Will Stanto. An essay on

“Thanksgiving,” by Mrs. D. Thompson,

sclcct readings, etc. The following offi—

cers were clccted for the coming year:

Prosidcni, Churics Ross: first vice—presi—





dcnt, \Vill \V. I'lamilton; second vice—

president, Bert Wilson: recording scorc-

tary, Mrs. Mar. Aichlnson; treasurer,

\V'ill Naylor; cor. secretary, Mrs. H. C.

Thompson. Club adjourned, with music

by Miss M. Naylor.—H. C. T., Reporter.





Hold Annual Meeting.‘The November

mecilng of the Napolcon Farmers' Club.

of Jackson county, was largely attended

and after the transaction of business and

choosmg delegates to the State Associa—

tion of Farmers’ Clubs, dinner was

served. As this meeting was the annual

meeting the afternoon was devoted to the

election of officers, which was made in-

teresting by interspersing a short pro-

gram consisting of readings, recitations,

and music. The following officers were

elected for the ensuing year: Pres., F.

M. Andrews; 1st vice-pres, Mrs. B. R.

Tracy“ 2nd vice—pres, N. J. Nichols:

recording sec, M. E. Russell: cor. sec, R.



. Bronk: treas, Mrs. Eugene Bromlev:

chaplain, E. A. Galusha. The December

meeting will be held at the home of Mr.

and Mrs. Dan Watson—Mrs. Grace E.

Merriman, Reporter.



. -. .



The watch I purchased from on kee 5

good time, that is nearly two years agap—

John Burt, Ortonville, Mich.
a





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Gured Four Years Ago. Read This KIDNEY 3"“ BUWEL "'SURDERS





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INDIANAPOLIS. IND.-I was afflicted with Rheumatism for If You Are Sick a full-sized $I.oo wereoutoforderand my? Smnliltfgg 3:311 sugzgdcongfiiogvt‘heelz ~-

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I could not sleep nights on account of the pain which centered in treatment, by mail, postpaid. and we want to send it killing me. I also had Rheumatism and had »



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THEO. NOEL co".,' M. CHICAGO, ILL.





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IF YOU SUF F ER F R D" Female Ailments, Functional fleart'Trouble, Catarrh of Any Part, Nervous Prosiration, - §

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