fThe Only Weekly Agricultural, Horticultural and Live Stock Journal in the State.





 





 





VOL. CXXXV. No. 3.

Whole Number 3514.





FARM NOTES.

Proper Care at Meadows and New

Seeding.



In a season like the present when an

unusual period of dry weather has pre-

vailed before the haying and harvesting

season, the after care of the meadows

and new seeding is of more than ordinary

importance to every farmer. This is the

more true because of the drying up 01

pastures, which makes feed short upon

the average farm and makes the utiliza-

tion of the little fresh pasture that springs

up on the meadows af-





DETROlT. MICH” SATURDAY..JULY 16, 1910.





many times that he has no remaining

doubt of the fact that it does not pay,

and although it is sometimes almost nec-

essary to turn a few head of stock in for

a time when several divisions must be

made and there are not enough available

fields to accommodate all the different

lots without turning into a seeding, it is

far better to avoid it if possible, since

even if but lightly pastured, the stock

will eat the grass closer in spots than in

other portions of the field and the results

are not nearly as satisfactory as clipping,

even when there is an abundant growth





balance of the season after the grain is

removed.

Analyzing Solls.—lee for Acld Solis.





Where can I get a sample of soil an-

alyzed? What is the constituent part of

lime needed for correcting an acid condi-»

tion of the soil? Is there enough of it in

marl to make it profitable to draw the

marl about three miles? The reason that

I ask these questions is because some

firms offering agricultural lime [or sale

claim their product to be 98 per cent pure

carbonate and I desire to get a clearer

understanding of the proposition.



Berrien C0. SUBSCRIBER.





While it would be possible to get sam-





75 CENTS A YEAR

52.00 FIVE YEARS





pounds, not anywhere near all of which

are available for_the use of growing

plants. For this reason a chemical an-

alysis of soils is not considered to be a

very valuable guide as to their fertility

and not in any sense a valuable guide to

follow in their intelligent fertilization. A

physical analysis of a soil which will de—

termine the size and nature of its soil

grains and its content of humus or veg-

etable matter gives a much better knowl-

edge of its crop producing power, but this

is a question which the soil will answer

for itself, and it Will answm‘ the question



of what elements of fer-





 





ter haying appear as the

only feasible means of

carrying the farm stock

over the dry season. So

in far too many cases

the stock is turned into

the meadows at once

and are allowed to

graze them closely. This

is not a profitable pro-

cedure upon any farm,

particularly in a season

like the present when

the catch of clover in

spring sown grain par-

ticularly is,a. doubtful

preposition. The close

grazing of the meadows

at this time is certain

to Shorten next year’s

hay crop if they are to

'be retained another year

and in any event it is

poor policy to remove

all of the covering of

grass from the soil for

the balance of the sea-

son and leave it prac-

tically bare over win-

ter. The old meadows

should be pastured

sparingly, if at all, and there is no doubt

in the writer’s mind that it would pay

far better to feed the stock in the barn

or yard if necessary, and not pasture

them at all. In fact, the pasturing of

tilled fields used for the growing of crops

in the regular crop rotation is expensive,

both from the standpoint of the income

thus derived from them and the effect

of the tramping and close grazing on the

soil, and we believe the time will come

when this method will be much less

common on our higher priced lands than

it is at the present time.





 





Cutting Alfalfa on the Starkweather Farm.





of the young clover. But this year the

clover will be small in most fields at har-

vest time‘ on account of the dry weather

which has prevailed, since the ripening

grain has taken so much moisture from

the soil in the unequal battle for this

necessity of plant life that the. smaller

and weaker plants have not had the op—

portunity to make a vigorous growth that

they would have had under more favor-

able conditions, and it is more than ordi-

narily important that the clover seeding

be given the. best possible chance for the





(See “Alfalfa In Wayne County,” page 38).





ples of soil analyzed at almost any well

equipped laboratory, such an analysis

would give you very little valuable infor-

mation. This is true because of the fact

that while the chemist can tell you what

the soil contains in the way of plant food

elements, he can not distinguish between

the available and unavailable compounds

of those elements. Practically all soils

contain an abundance of the elements of

plant food to provide for the needs of

growing crops for many years, but these

elements exist in many different com-





tility are lacking in an

available form for the

growing of crops much

better than the chemist

can answer it. If one

suspects an acid condi—

tion of the soil the

simple test made by the

use of blue litmus pa-

per is a valuable guide,

but here again the

character of the veg-

etation growing on the

soil will prove an indi-

cation in this regard

and indicate when such

a test should be made.

So the average farmer

will do far better to use

his own observation and

reasoning power in this

regard than to consult

a chemist when he

thinks his soil needs

doctoring, since he is

apt to get better results

by this method than by

folowing the Chemist’s

advice.



A competent chemist,

however, would be far

better able to give a correct technical

answer to the questions asked with re-

gard to lime than a farmer, yet a simple

explanation will serve to give the reader

a sufficient knowledge of the question to

answer all practical purposes. The in-

gredient which gives lime its character

and value for different purposes is cal-

cium, an elemental substanCe or metal

which, however, is never found alone in.

nature but always in combination with

other common elements. In limestone it

occurs in the form of carbonate of lime

or a salt of carbonic acid





 





But if the close pas-

turing of the old mea—

dows is a poor policy,

the same treatment of

the new seeding is much

worse. By all means

keep the stock out of

the new seeding where

a' fairly good stand of

clover is secured and if

the clover gets a large

growth or if the weeds

should encroach upon it,

run over it with the

mower later in the sea-

son and leave the clip-

pings on the ground as

a mulch for the young

clover plants. This will

prove a valuable pro-

tection over winter and

the yield of hay next

year will surely be

enough larger than if

the‘seeding is pastured

to more than makeup

for the value of the

feed which might be se-

cured from it this sea-

sOn. The 'writer has

made this common mis-

take of pasturing‘new

seedings of clover so





 





Hustllng in the Clover Hay on





which gives it its name.

This combination. how-

ever, is never entirely

free from other sub-

stances, of which there

are generally several

present in small

amounts. Of these,

magnesia is the ‘most

common and generally

prescnt in the largest

quantities. Marl also

has as its principal con-

stituent, the carbonate

of lime derived from

shells, and the percent-

age of carbonate of

lime in either limestone

or marl is given to in-

dicate its purity or free-

dom from other harm-

ful or useless sub-

stances for the purpose-

to which it is to be put.

Burned limestone, or-

“iime,” as we usually

designate this product,

is the oxide of lime or

calcium oxide, the car-

bonic acid gas being-

driven off in the burn-

ipg and replaced by

oxygen to form the new
38 (2). . ~





combination. This new combination is,

however, less. stable than the one found

‘in nature and under the influence of at~

mospheric conditions will gradually revert

to the old combination, the oxygen being

displaced by carbon dioxide, again con-

verting the substance into a carbonate

which we commonly know as air-slaked

lime. In this process lime loses its caus-

tic properties, which, however, may be

retained by slaking the quicklime with

“water, after which it is known as hy-

drated lime. Lime, or calcium, also occurs

in‘ several other common forms or combi-

nations which are foreign to this question

and consequently will not be here re-

ferred to.



Now the action of lime in its various

forms in correcting soil acidity is not

quite so easily explained, yet ‘a full un-

derstanding of this action is not essential

to a practical working knowledge of the

proposition. Lime has been used for this

purpose in old-world agriculture for many

centuries, and until recently wherever

used was applied in the form of quicklime

or hydrated lime, the lime generally be-

ing slaked in the fields where applied.

This practice is still followed to a very

considerable extent, the lime being ap-

plied in the form of crushed or ground

quicklime or hydrated lime, which is 'now

available as a prepared commercial pro-

duct. In these forms a minimum quantity

of lime is required to correct soil acidity

fer the apparent reason that it has a

greater affinity for the acids of the soil,

causing the latter to be more quickly con—

verted or neutralized. In recent years,

however. the fact that limestone soils do

not become acid, are generally fertile and

adapted to the growing of the clovers

and particularly alfalfa, has been ob-

served by those who have sought for

more light upon this proposition and car-

bonate of lime in the form of ,ground

limestone has been applied to the soil in

preparing it for the growing of alfalfa

where this plant did not thrive readily,

and surprising results are claimed for the

practice. This benefit is thought to be

due to both the correction of soil acidity

and a replenishing of the available lime

content of the soil, since the alfalfa plant

is a relatively large consumer of lime as

an actual plant food. Much larger quan-

tities of lime are used, however, where

it is applied in the form of calcium car-

bonate, as high as eight tons per acre

being used by some of the pioneer investi—

gators who are enthusiastic in their be-

lief regarding the benefit to be derived

from its use for the alfalfa crop. As

marl affords'practically the same sub-

stance where it occurs in a fairly pure

state. it should be equally beneficial. The

economy in its use would resolve itself

into a question of labor versus freight

charges and purchase price in securing

and applying the two forms of the same

substance if it is deemed desirable to

use it.



Touching the relative merits of the dif-

ferent forms of lime for application to the

soil, and the profit to be. derived from

each or any of them, much might be said,

but unfortunately at the present time

most of it would be speculation or theory

rather than fact, since experimental data

with regard to the benefits to be noted

upon different types of Michigan soil is

sadly lacking. This, like the fertilzer

question, must be settled by individual

experiments if absolute knowledge is de-

sired. The most we can say is that lime

will correct soil acidity, and that in some

other sections of the country it has provon

a most valuable agent in the preparation

of the soil for the alfalfa crop, particu-

larly the carbonate of lime when applied

in liberal quantities. Whether it will do

the same for us on our Michigan soils re-

mains to be determined.





HOW ABOUT CLOVER SEED?





 





 





As our June clover is being cut the

question arises as to whether we will

pasture the second crop or leave it for

seed. Much will depend upon whether

'we get rains after haying to start the

growth. If so and we do not need the

pasture badly I believe it will pay to

leave it for seed, It is hard to buy clean

seed now, and if we grow it we are sure

that we will not introduce any new

weeds. I can not remember when we

have had to buy our clover seed, but we

usually have some to sell. If the season

is a fair one we should get at least a

bushel to the acre, if very good we may

get two, and it will have to be quite poor

if we do not get a half bushel. The labor

will not be great. If a buncher is used

all that is needed is to turn the bunches

once or twice before hulling. ,It is much

easier and cleaner to hull from the field

than to haul to the barn. S. B. H.





THE 'MICHIGAN FARMER.





ALFALFA AT BUCKELL’ HILL FARM.





 





-Buckell Hill Farm consists of 92-‘acres



of rolling. variable soil, cut through with

a deep ravine which makes a large portion

of it untillable. Fifty-one acres are used

for general farming and about three acres

is orchard and garden. The remaining 33

acres are wood lot and permanent pas-

ture. For the past six years we have

been running a small dairy and have

found the feed question a. hard problem

to solve. We have grown a great deal of

corn for a small farm and paid out money

enough for concentrates to have paid for

another small farm. We have grown mil-

let, and oats and peas when the hay crop

has been short, and often found them

very acceptable,_ especially the oats and

peas, as they make very good cow hay.

But there is the everlasting plowing and

seeding for each cutting and the seed is

always expensive. My nine acres cost me

$25 to seed to oats and peas and $27 to

seed to alfalfa. W'e cut about 20 tons of

oat and pea hay and about the same of

alfalfa, as reported in the Michigan Farm-

er last year.



This year we have had no plowing nor

seeding, and have harvested about 27 tons

of choice hay, and expect to get as much

more at the next two cuttings. Last year

we began cutting the 18th of June and

finished the 24th. This year we began

cutting June 3 and finished the 21st. We

began the 3rd, not because it was really

ready to cut, but because we were out of

hay. At that time we out about an acre,

perhaps a little more. On the 13th we

began again as the second crop had began

to come. Plants on that portion of the

field out June 3 now stand from 24 to 30

inches high and will be ready to out early

in July. That cut the 13th is from 12 to

18 inches high and is coming fine in spite

of the dry weather. We have had no

rain for the past two weeks. That out

the 21st is just beginning to look green

above the stubble.



We have sown three acres more With a

few oats and expect when the oats head

out to cut the whole for hay, and it looks

very promising, although we sowed but

36 pounds of seed on the whole piece. This

is the plot which I intended to seed to

alfalfa. last season but did not get to it

when the weather was suitable, so let it

run over until this season. It was corn-

stubble, well manured. We plowed it the

7th and 8th of April, worked it well and

s'owed theseed the 21st of May, also sow-

ing five bushels . of soil from the old

alfalfa sod. I thoroughly believe in in-

oculation and would not dare to neglect

it where I was desirous of getting a good

stand. I may report later the result of

this seeding. Many people laugh at the

inoculation theory, but I believe it is a

commonsense and practical thing to do.

I have had alfalfa fail on rich, yet unin-

oculated soil.



I see no reason why Michigan farmers

should not raise alfalfa. Once established,

it is the greatest of all forage crops, corn

not excepted. The leading dairy paper of

America recently contained a timely and

suggestive article on “Emergency Forage

Crops for Drought Affected Districts,” but

the man who has a good field of alfalfa

will have no occasion fer emergency for-

age crops. It can be cut, if necessary,

the first week in June and at least twice

more during the season and no other one

feed is its equal. Stock will leave their

grain to eat this palatable and nourishing

feed, either green or made into hay; and

in connection with corn it forms almost

a perfectly balanced ration. I believe it

will pay every live stock farmer in Mich-

igan to make :1 special effort to secure a





seeding of this most excellent forage

plant.

Many object to alfalfa because they





have been taught that they, cannot use it

in their regular rotation of crops, but I

cannot see. it in that light. Most farmers

have their meadows at least two years.

My alfalfa has paid me better than any

other clover or grass could have done,

and I do not see why I could not plow it

up next season and go on with regular

rotation, with even better results than

with clover and timothy.





Oakland Co. C. R. 0001:.





MID-SUMMER CARE OF THE CORN

CROP.





 





 





Now is the time when many farmers

begin to neglect the corn crop, as they

are so busy with the hay, wheat and oats.

Of course, we must sometimes neglect

something for a time, but we should have

in mind to get at it as soon as possible,

and if there is a will a way will work

out sooner or later. One farmer made

the remark that it was not necessary to

get up very early during haying. for they





. ,)>





could not work at the hay when the dew

was on. Then why not work ,at. the corn':

We usually put .in at least half of the

forenoons during haying in working our

cultivated crops. If the hay is bunched

up we can get at it by the middle of the

forenoon and sometimes in the morning

it there is little dew. If there is much

dew all hands go at something else, and

considerable can be accomplished in a.

few golden morning hours, besides the

change of work will make it easier for

the men. I have known men to hire for

haying and let the help lie idle forenoons,

or when it was too wet to haul hay, al—

though there was plenty of other work

that needed doing. Why not hire the

men steadily at such times and let them

work at something else, for instance cul-

tivating or hoeing when the hay is not

ready to go in, even if haying wages have

to be paid? Most men, if engaged early

enough, will work for ordinary wages

at these times to get steady work and

charge haying or harvest wages only

when working at haying or harvest.



But to come back to the corn field

this is just the time that it needs the

best of care. The drouths are likely to

come at any time, and the fields should

never be left long with a hard crust to

evaporate tons of moisture daily: It is

also the time when the corn is geting

high enough so we can take off the

shields and cover or root out most of the

weeds, and it is the best time to use the

hoe to get out the rest.



IfJune grass or any of the weed pests

are abundant it will pay to get thistle

shovels, or sweeps, which run just be~

neath the ground and out everything in

their path. Ordinary shovels often slide

by these weeds when they get large, and

it takes considerable work to control June

grass unless it is quite dry.



We have gone over our com fields four

times (July 5) and will go over them at

least four times more. This amount of

cultivating will,

tions, keep a fair dust mulch on the

ground at all times, and control the weeds

and grass. As the corn gets larger we

shall cultivate more shallow and not cut

as close to the hill so as not to injure

the roots which are forming there.



Of course, some farmers grow a good

crop of corn by “laying it by" in July,

but I believe it is safer to cultivate later

as an insurance against drouth injury as

well as against the weeds which sap the

vitality which should go to the corn at

this time. The amount of work necessary

to do on the corn field will, of course,

very with the season and the soil, some

seasons and some soils requiring more

work than others. We can tell something

about the soil but we can not predict the

season, so it seems to me that the safest

policy is to keep a dust mulch on the

field at all times as a partial preparation

for and insurance against drouth.



Calhoun Co. S. B. H.





 





WEIGHTS F'OR HAY CAPS—WHEN TO

CUT PEAS AND OATS FOR HAY.





 





I would like to know what Mr. Lillie

uses for weights on his hay caps? Also

at what stage of growth to cut and cure

oats and peas for hay?



Saginaw Co. D. O. B.





Fdr weights on my caps I use 5/3 blank

iron burrs. You can buy these blank

burrs by the keg, 100 lbs, in a keg. At

first I used iii-inch burrs but these were

not heavy enough. The wind would blow

the caps and I had to use two of them at

each corner of the cap. Afterward when

I purchased the second batch I got %

burrs which answered the purpose very

well.



Vi'hen I make some more, as I intend to

soon, however, I shall not use these iron

burrs for weights. They are too expen-

sive. Somebody writing in The Farmer

about a year ago had the right idea of

this. He said he used cement Weights. I

had thought of using cement weights but

the thing of it was to get molds that

would be practical. I thought of boring

holes in a two-inch plank and then filling

these with cement, and almost every other

conceivable way, but finally I discarded

all of them as impracticable. It would

cost too much to make the molds. This

man, however, hit upon the idea of using

commdn pasteboard egg fillers. filling

them with cement and then taking wire

staples and sticking these down into the

cement before it set. A cement weight

of these dimensions weighs about a. quar-

ter of a pound, which is a better weight

for a hay cap than a % burr and will not

cost anywhere near as‘ much. You can

get fillers for a thirty~dozen egg crate for

about a shilling or 15 cents, consequently

the cost of the molds would only be a

mere trifle and the labor in making these

would be slight. All one would have to





under ordinary condlL





.1er 16, 1919. ' 3





do‘ would be to mix the cement rather

thin, pour it into the 'egg- fillers, put in the

wire stance and leave it until set... The.





egg fillers would be so tender from the ~





moisture which they absorb from the

cement that they could be easily taken

off without any trouble.



When to Cut Pea- and Cats for Hay.



This crop, when intended for hay, should

be cut when the cats are in the milk,

before any berry is formed and the peas

should be so small, or so immature that

when the cock dried the peas will not

shell.

be cut before the peas are really formed

in the pod, or when they are just com-

mencing to form, because if you leave it

any later the pods will dry and become

hard and will not make good hay. If you

can out it when the peas and oats are

both in :‘blossom this would be the ideal

time for cutting it and curing it, just as

you would clover hay,



COL0_N C. LILLm.





ALFALFA IN WAYNE COUNTY.





 





I have noticed that you have been pub-

lishing articles on “Alfalfa in Michigan.

The picture from which the first page

out was made was taken while they were

cutting the crop of alfalfa on the E. M.

Starkweather farm in 1909. The seed was

sown four years ago on an uneven grav-

elly field of ten acres. Some culture was

used. It is claimed that there is a good

deal of lime in the soil, The crops of

hay have been abundant and the alfalfa

is still growing vigorously.





Wayne Co. N. A. CLAPP.





 





SOWING CLOVER SEED IN AUGUST.





 





A reliable Allegan county farmer gave

me this method of sowing clover in Au-

gust: “Prepare the ground thoroughly in

July. Don't sow in a drouth, but if the

ground is not moist enough wait for the

first rain in August. Then sow the seed

with the addition 'of one bushel of clean

cats to the acre, cover witha light spike—

tooth barrow. The oats will protect the

clover through the winter and will be out

of the way in the spring. I:'haye'had

such perfect success with this plan “that





As a matter of fact, they ought to .





I would unhesitatingly recommend it‘ to‘ l '





J. F. G. to try with his alfalfa. _ 14:7- .

Van Buren Co. .§',,H,.'K.





 





g. --:...;-s





NAME THE r-‘IELosif . r;





 





:v





Farmers generally have names ‘ftir their





horses and sometimes for the cattle, but

they are few and far between that have

the fields of their farm named by ap-

propriate caliings that will specify one

field from another. It is an excellent

idea to plan it out while doing the farm

work, and give each field some appropri-

ate name. -



A name will suggest itself for each

field, and it is well to let some particular

characteristic of the field suggest its

name. This will help one to remember

the names and avoid any confusion as to

which field is meant when spoken of by

its name. For example, if one field is

at the extreme south end of the farm, a

suitable name would be “Southfield;"

again, if one sloped in any direction it

might be called “North Slope;" if a tree

was in the field, it might be called “Oak

Lot,” or whatever the tree chanced to be.

There are dozens and dozens of names.

and one will have no difficulty in getting

appropriate and distinguishing names for

all the fields. These suggested are some

the writer has used for the fields of his

farm.



Another excellent practice after the

fields are named, is to carry a small note

or 'memorandum book and pencil in the

pocket. Place the name of each field on

as many different pages in the book, al-

lowing each field a page, and place‘the

name of the field on the top line and num-

ber of acres right after the name. When-

ever any work is done on the farm make

a note of it in the book, charging it to

the field on which the work is done. Con-

tinue this throughout the year and debit

the work done on the field, in preparing

the soil, planting, cultivating and bar-

vesting the crop, at the rate of at least

30 cents per hour for man and team.

This will give one an idea of the value

of the time spent on the field and be val-

uable for reference. Each field should

also be charged with the value of the

seed planted, fertilizer used and whatever

other expense is necessary. At the end

of the year it will be a simple matter to

figure up just what each .crop has cost-

to produce. If the sale of it, or its mar-

ket value exceeds the total charges. it

has been grown at a profit, and if,_less.

at a loss. ' '



Pennsylvania.





L. ".1. Hands.





vtuou-umzu .. -
’JULY 16. 1910.





PLEASE MEN TION- THE MICHIGAN FARMER

when you are writing to advertisers.





 





DRILLING GRANULAR LIME WITH A

GRAIN DRILL.



If any of our readers have a Superior

”Grain and Fertilizer Drill, they can pro-

cure Superior Hen Manure Cones at a

very nominal figure. Now to the farmer

who intends to purchase a grain drill, we

would strongly urge that be send for a

Superior catalogue to The American

Seeding—Machine Co., Inc., Springfield,

Ohio, also explain to them just what he

wants to do. They will be glad to give

you all the information they can. By

purchasing one of these combined drills,

the farmer can sow his grain and fertilizer

at the same time and also use the ma-

chine for sowing granular lime. The Su-

perior drill is an old favorite machine

with thousands of our best farmers. It

is no experiment. It is sold under such a.

broad and liberal guarantee that it means

much to the purchaser. Go to your local

dealer and insist on seeing the Superior

Drill before you purchase any other make.

Remember, this drill will sow all kinds

of seed from. the largest to the smallest.





“MINERAL

" » H EAVE.

REMEDY





 





 

 

 

 





 

 

   

   

   





Your limo , . . _



5'7“" i” \ $3 PACKAGE

or on y



"RM‘NENT will cure any case or



money refunded.

u E 8| PACKAGE

if"? aiifiialiceigiefii

as p



SAFE price. Agents Wanted





   





- .l

CERTAIN. ' Write for descriptive booklet. t? .

Mineral Item llemody Co.. 463 fourth It... I’lltoburg. PI.





 





 





 





, Dr. Fair's

Colic

' Remedy





Should be kept in every stable

Colic needs prompt. energetic treatment.

therefore It is important to have a reliable

remedy‘ alwnys on hand.





Bottle 8 Doses WIN-d M "I" St .00





or send 100. to help pay cost of trial bottle (one



dose.) Seldom necessary to give a second dose.

W. o. FAIR. V. 5.. Prop.,



DR. FAIR VETERINARY REMEDY co..



5712-14 Carnegie Ave.. Cleveland. 0.





H -E-C

Medicated-Tonic STUCK SALT





The Great Worm Exterminator for Worms

In Horses, Sheep, Hogs and Battle.





Regulates the Stomach. Kidney. liver and Bowels.





Put up 5 lbs. 250: 10 lbs. 50c: 20 lbs. 31:501‘os. $2.60.

Ask your dealers everywhere.





I

Jackson Grocery 00.. Jackson, Mich.

(STATE AGENTS.)



Do you know that your animals are taking up

from the pasture the germ or egg of the worms that

will breed and develop during the winter months.

Kill the germ in the stomach this can be done by

feeding H-E—C Medicated onio Stock Salt In

the pasture. Fbr sale by allGrocero and Druggists





H. E. COBB 00., Brooklyn, Michigan.





You Can’t Cut Out





A BOG SPAVIN, PUFF or

THOROUGHPIN, but





ABSORBINE





will clean them ofl permanent] ,and

you work the horse same time. Boos

not; blister or remove the hair. Will

tell you more if you write. $2.00 per

bottle at d’lers or deliv'd.Book 4Dfroe.



ABSORBINB, “2.. for mankind.

. 31 bottle. Reduces Varicose Velns.Var-

Ioocelo. Hydrocele. Ruptured Muscles or Liga-

ments. Enlarged Glands. Alloys pain quickly.

VI. F. YOUNG. r.n.r.. 268 Temple St.. Springfield. lass.





* err-A F13

Cures Coughs





when all others fail. No remedy so sure in Distemper.

Coughs. Colds. Pinkeye. Influenza, Epizootic, Etc.. in

113:3,3éep air‘d dogs. cSolld on a money halo

c. not at ca ers send to u d

gee Thaizsaifialhle Horse Books resin“.

DIOINE COMPANY

{inns-d St.. Lafayette. Indiana'.





 





 





 





 





 





     

   





 





 

 

 





 

 

 

   





   

 





 

 

 

 

 





 





=.' ,’ ~ ’Daaih iotho Stomach

.. v -Wormsliuarantood.





q We will send you 100 lbs. of DB.



‘ lIOIJAAND'S IEDICATED STOCK



: SALT On 60 do‘ys' triai,frel§l|t



prepaid. If you derive no hope



. fit, it costs you nothing; if you



, ‘ ‘ do it costs 'you $6.00. Give us

your order at once.



The HOLLAND STOCK BBIEDY



courm. Wellington. Ohio.





:40" ' .-





 





 





 





 





\





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





 





Luna STOCK]





 





.ing a fair price for





 





 





SELECTING THE RAM.



So much has been said and written on

this subject that it is practically worn

threadbare, and no more ought to be

necessary. But unfortunately the good

advice which has been given from year

to year has not been so generally heeded

as to make it unnecessary to comment

further upon this important subject be—

cause of its correct solution by the aver-

age sheep owner or at least by the ma-

jority of such owners. Far too many

sheep owuers still follow the practice of

securing a ram of fair appearance but

with little pretentious to good breeding

because such a ram can always be picked

up cheaply in almost any community. It

is the purpose of this article to show that

this is always a mistake and the poorest

kind of policy for even the small flock

owner. Far too many farmers still rea-

son that because their ewes are only

grades it will not pay them to invest in

a pure-bred ram for use on them. They

do not stop to think of the undoubted fact

that the pure—bred sire is certain to give

better results as a breeder for use on

grade flocks than the grade sire of equal

or even superior individual merit, since

he is certain to have a greater prepotency

and will for this reason get lambs of

more uniform type and better average

quality. As the sire is half the flock in

the sense of his influence upon the lamb

crop the few extra dollars required to

purchase a pure-bred animal of the breed

which may be favored by any shccp own-

er is a small consideration as compared

to even a slight improvement in the lamb

crop. Nor is the added investment an

item which can properly be charged en-

tirely to the lamb crops which the pure—

bred sire may produce, since, when

through with him he will surely bring a

better price than will the grade. On this

point some readers will probably disagree

with the writer, since many farmers feel

that they can get no more for a pure-bred

sire than for a grade, not having the

reputation which is enjoyed by the breeder

of pure-bred sheep to aid them in secur-

such an animal.

Granted that there is some truth in this

contention, still there is no question but

that any farmer can secure a better price

for a pure-brcd ram that has proven his

value as a sire in his flock than he could





for a grade ram of even equal individual

merit. The power of example is recog—

nized as one of the best educators along





any line, and one‘s neighbors are not gen-

erally slow in recognizing the fact when

an improvement is to be noted in the

character of the lambs produced on

our farms any more than in the

character of the crops we grow. lut even

if those who are in the habit of using

grade sires do not recognize the superior

merit of a pure—bred animal to an extent

which will induce them to pay a fair price

for one that has proven its worth in our

flocks, we can always find someone who

does recognize such superiority and who

uses pure-bred rams with whom we can

make an exchange and thus,prolong the

productive period of the original invest-

ment in the benefit on our own flocks.

Of course, such results will not usually

come about without a little attention on

our part, but they can practically always

be brought about by the use of a little

business intelligence and foresight. In—

deed, plans may be laid from the start

to this end, if two or more neighboring

sheep owners purchase pure—bred rams

for use in their flocks at the same time

with the intention of changing them when

the limit of their usefulness to the origi—

nal purchasers has bcen reached. In this

event the character of the ewes in the

two flocks should be similar and the rams

purchased should be of similar type and

individual merit, as it is nearly as great

a, mistake to use a pure-bred ram not

suited in type to the ewes on which he

will be used as to use a grade ram, al-

though even under these conditions the

pure-bred ram would be preferable.

Points to Consider in Selecting the Ram.

This brings us to the point of the selec-

tion of the ram. Of course, the type or

breed of ram which is selected should de-

pend to no small degree on the disposi—

tion which is to be made of the lamb

crop. Where the lambs are to be used as

feeders and none of them retained in the





breeding flock,a more violent cross is,





permissible and in line with good practice

than where the opposite is true. For in-

stance, in the beginning of the lamb

feeding industry of this state‘there were





many flocks of grade Merino ewes on the

farms of the state. These were crossed

with rams of the middlewool and mutton

breeds with the very best results. The

lambs produced in this way made very

profitable feeders, and so long as the ewe

flocks lasted this method of breeding pro-

duced very profitable results. But when

the'ewe flocks needed to be replenished,

those who did not use a Merino ram to

produce lambs for this purpose soon rea-

lized their mistake, through the lack of

uniformity and generally poor shearing

qualities of the produce of the cross—bred

ewes, even when bred to pure-bred rams,

to say nothing of the results where grade

rams were used upon these cross—bred

ewcs. Western range lambs have re-

tained their popularity as feeders largely

because of their cross—bred character, but

western ranchmen have, as a class, more

generally recognized and followed correct

principles of breeding than have the farm-

ers of the middle states who keep sheep

and have continued to produce what the

market would take at the best price,

sparing neither trouble or expense in se-

curing purc-brcd rams suited to their

purpose in this regard. The west is

recognized as the best market for pure-

bred rams of nearly all breeds and breed-

ers have been able to sell to western

range owners in quantities at as good or

better prices than they h 1‘ve been able to





get from Michigan breeders for single

animals, with the result that the cream

of Michigan bred rams have quite gen—





erally found a markct in the west, while





Michigan sheep brecdcl's have contented

themselves with a cheaper and poorer

grade of rams. This is not as it should

be, and it is high time that Michigan

sheep brccdci's. and even the smaller

brecdcrs of sheep for market purposes

awoke to the fact that the best in the





way of rams is none too good for them

and that it will pay them in dollars and

ccnts to have the bcst.



Desirable Characteristics in the Ram.



In this connection, let us consider for

a moment what characteristics a ram

should have to be suitable for use on the

flock of good grade eWcs, where the ewe

lambs are to be retained in the flock for

breeders. In the first place, he should

be of similar type to the cwcs. That is,

if the ewes are of the middle wool class,

the ram should be of the same class. If

the ewes are of the coarse wool type, a

rain should be selected from one of the

coarse wool breeds, and if the ewes are

of the fine wool type a ram should be

selected which will not be a violent cross.

'\\'ithiu these limitations, the sheep owner

may profitably exercise his preference and

taste in the selcction of a mm, but what-

ever breed is chosen to represent the type

to which the shecp owner desires to work

should be adhered to. It is uchr profit-

able to keep changing from rams of one

brccd to those of another" as such meth-

ods of breeding will never lcad to improve-

ment of the flock, btit rather to the re—

verse of this desirable end. In the selec-

tion of the individual, the owncr of a

grade fleck does not need to pay as close

atention to the fine points of breed type

as does the breeder of pure-bred sheep,

but in all other respects the ram select-

cd should be an outstanding individual.

He should be essentially masculine with-

out being coarsc. He should have a broad

and well—muscled back, large heart girth

to give an abundance of room to the vital

organs. He should stand squarely on his

feet, with front legs well apart and with

a well developed “ham.” He should be

well covered with a good fleece of at least





fair weight and a uniform quality and

length of fiber, and he should possess a





ccrtain style of carriage and prompt, free

action when moving which impresses (me

with his vigor and stamina. Given these

qualities, with good length and depth and

that even covering of flesh which makes

for symmetry of form and quality of car-

cass. with plenty of bone to carry it. we

may be satisfied that if the ram has the

average pi'cpotency of the pure-bred, the

rcsults secured from mating him with

ewes having these same desn'ablc charac-

teristics in some degree at least will





be satisfactory and in the line of improve- ‘





ment. Too many farmers sacrifice qual-

ity for more size in the selection of a

ram. While good size is a desirable at-

triubte, it should never be given prefer-

ence to good quality, where both can not

be had in the same animal.



Another word as to type. Too many

sheep breeders seem to have the idea that

all that is necessary is to select a breed

and that the animals of that breed will

be of sufficiently uniform type to make

further care in their selection unneces-

sary. Nothing can be further from the

truth. While the improved breeds are





1(3)“. 39 ,





   





' W 61%

V 271 WiINSTt 0F,

TMMDMW ,





   





Meow





 





 





 





 





 





your roofing t r o u bl e s. It



means that after it is once laid

on your roof it will need absolutely

no painting or attention.



Its real mineral surface does away

with this botherandexpenseentirely.



And the beauty of it is that Ama-

tite doesn’t cost any more than other

ready roofings; in fact, less than

many.



Amatite comes in convenient rolls

ready to be laid on the roof. Any-

one can do the job. Liquid cement

for the laps and large headed nails

are supplied free in the center of

each roll.



If' you want to know something

about the best roofing made and one

that needs absolutely no painting,

send for a sample and booklet re-

garding Amatite. Address nearest;





USING Amatite means ending





 





office.

BARRETT MANUFACTURING Co.

New York Chicago

Philadelphia Boston

Cincinnati Minneapolis

Cleveland Pittsburg

New Orleans Kansas City

St. Louis





 





 





 





 





 





WILL NOT SCAR OR BLEMISH.





cousAuu’s

CAUSTIC BALSAM





Is the safest and most effective lotion or

blister for ailments of





HORSES and CATTLE





and supersedes all cautery or firing.



It is prepared exclusively by J. E. Gom-

bault. ex-Veterinary Surgeon to the French }

Government Stud.





As a HUMAN REMEDY for Rheu-

matism, Sprulne, Sore Throat, etc. it

is invaluable.



Every bottle of Cnnetlc Balsam sold is

Warranted to give satisfaction. Price 81.50

per bottle. Sold by drugglsts or sent by ex-

press, charges paid. with full directions for its

use. Send for descriptive circulars. testimo-

nials,etc. Address





THE LAWRENCE-WILLIAIS COMPANY. Cleveland. Ohio,





NE WTON’S H EAVE

°f£3io Bléi'é'i‘fi‘ C U R E

The gtandard Veterinary"i Re‘medy. ‘





0years sale. Sen fo

bookie .





 





 





 





 





   

 





SAFE TO USE

HSNOIMGNO‘D 1.538





Makes the horse sound. stay sound





DEATH 'ro HEAVES





The first or second $1.00 can cures. The third can

is guaranteed to cure or money refunded.

$1.00 not can at dealers. or express prepaid.





THE NEWTON REMEDY C0.. Toledo. Ohio





Chic'd‘é’o SEEIEMCO.
’(l)





infinitely more uniform in type than ani-

mals of mixed breeding, yet differentfam-

ilies and flocks show different character-

istics which are largely the reflection' of'

the ideals of their breeders, and the dif-

ferent classes as noted above Show still

further variations. For instance. the dif-

ferent families of the class designated as

fine wools show a variety in fleece and

form which is very wide in its range. and

the same is true in a somewhat lesser

degree of the other breeds and classes

mentioned. But the essential thing is for

the sheep owner to determine in his own

mind what type he wishes to work for and

then make his selections of rams per-

sistently and consistently along that line.

The time is right at hand when the sheep

feeders of this section of the country will

have to produce a far greater proportion

of their own feeding lambs, and the soon-

er they commence to do this along‘well

thought out lines and in a systematic

'manner the sooner they will place this

important industry on a more satisfac-

tory and permanently profitable basis.





40‘ I ,-





THE CALF’S FIRST YEAR.





 





The first year of the caif’s life is the

period upon which depends the question

of whether he is to be a source of profit

to his breeder and'owner or not. If he

is kept growing continuously and vigor-

ously from the start the first recurrence

of his birthday will find him well on the

road toward a marketable age and con-

dition. As managed on the average farm,

however, this is not generally the case.

This is- largely because the average farm-

er does not make a specialty of beef

production. The raising of calves and

their development to a marketable age is

a side issue to him, and too little atten-

tion is paid to this branch of the business

to make it a source of profit upon the

average farm. Then, too, the average

farmer is not in sufficiently close touch

with his branch of production to realize

the great change which has come about

in recent years. He does not appreciate

the fact that it is the young, quickly

grown and early matured animal that is

most sought in the market, and that fur—

nishes the greatest proportion of ”market

toppers” in all but a few special seasons

in the year when there is a special de-

mand for the heavy cuts of beef that for-

merly sold at a premium at all times.

However, it is a fact that this is the age

of baby beef, when the properly matured

yearling is a. close competitor with his

older contemporary for market honors,

and sadly distances him from the stand—

point of profit to the producer. But this

class of beef can be produced only by the





use of proper methods of feeding and

care frOm the start, and such methods

are just as easy and generally more ef-





fcctivc on the small farm where but a.

few calves are produced as upon a larger

Scale.



Granted that the calf has been well

started and has had an abundance of

good pasture with his regular allowance

of skim—milk during that portion of the

season which has already passed, the

most critical period of its development is

now just at hand. If the calf has been

properly fed up to the present time he

has, of course, had some supplementary

grain iced with his milk to replace the

fat taken from the milk in the form of

cream. but if that is not the case this

deficiency should be no longer neglected.

The best source of this necessary fat is

fiaxseed meal made into a jelly and fed

with the milk when the calf is young, as

has been often described in the Michigan

Farmer. But if the calf has reached sev—

eral weeks or months in age and has not

had the advantage of this early feeding,

that is no reason why the deficiency

should not be supplied from this time on.

In that case, some corn meal fed in con-

nection with or separately from the milk

will answer every purpose, as the two

make a well balanced feed, and the addi-

tion of a little sifted oat meal or even

the use of corn and oats ground together

will make the feed mOre palatable and

better relished by the calf and will con-

sequcntly produce better results, as the

element of paiatability is a greater factor

in the cfficiency of a ration than is gen-

erally recognized. Begin this ration in a

small way. of course, at first. and increase

it gradually, but don't be afraid of over-

feeding the calf whore the ration is grad-

ually increased in this way, as it will be

profitable to feed all that he can digest

and assimilate.



But this part of the calf‘s ration is not

the only thing which needs attention at

this time. It is just as important that





a good quality of roughage should be

supplied, and where the pastures are poor

this may be best supplied in the form of





 





good, bright. early-cut clover hay in the

stable,

some green soiling crop in the shady

pasture. But plenty of pure fresh

water should be provided in any event,

as with the additional feed which the

calf will eat when he gets a little age

will render the small amount of liquid

provided in the form of skim-milk inade-

quate for his needs.



Once the calf is well started toward an

early and profitable marketable maturity

by this liberal method of feeding and

good care at this season of the year, there,

is little need of advising with regard to

his future feeding and care, as the own-

er’s good sense will tell him that it will

pay to continue to feed and care for him

well. It will, however, be a. matter of

surprise on the part of the farmer who

has never given special attention to the

growing calves to note the difference in

their growth and development which a

little extra. care and feed will produce in

them as compared with the calf that is

obliged to shift for itself with the excep-

tion of the small feed of milk which it

gets. The difference is simply the cost

of keeping the calf an extra year where

the careless or indifferent method is used,

and a further difference in the price per

pound which may be secured for him

when finally marketed, a difference which

is all in favor of the calf that is suffi-

ciently well fed and well cared for from

the start to be properly classed as “baby

beef” in its matured yearling form.





MATURING THE HOG CROP.





In studying the market reports which

appear in the Michigan Farmer from

week to week, the thoughtful observer

cannot but be impressed with the differ-

ence in the average ‘weight of hogs re-

ceived at the Chicago and Detroit mar-

kets. In the Chicago market report ap-

pearing in the last issue the statement

is made that the average weight of recent

receipts had been 242 lbs., in comparison

with 222 lbs. a year ago, 216 lbs. two years

ago and 235 lbs. three years ago. The

sales reported in the Detroit market in

the same issue show but one lot weighing

as much as 200 lbs., while the average

weight of the offerings would fall consid-

erably below that mark. A review of the

files of The Farmer for recent years

shows much the same discrepancy in the

market weight of the hogs sold in Detroit

as compared with those marketed in'Chi-

cago, which reflects the conditions which

obtain at the other big markets of the

country.



The writer has thought perhaps that

some benefit might be derived from a





careful study and comparison of these

figures, for which reason he has called

attention to them at this time. It is true





that the light hogs are just the kind that

are in demand at this season of the year,

as they are suitable for use in the fresh

meat trade, and packers do not care to

lay in a heavy stock of the thick kind at

this season of the year. and the light av-

erage weight of the hogs marketed in the

Detroit market has served to prevent the

Wide spread in prices which obtain at

the larger markets. Yet the question still

remains whether the Michigan hog feeder

could not profitably feed his hogs to a

better avcruge weight under present con-

ditions than the weights reported for

Detroit indicate him to be doing. There

would seem to be no danger of any

marked decline in the price of pork for

some weeks to come, and in fact not until

the spring pig crop begins to come in,

which it will hardly do to any cnsiderable

extcnt until the corn crop matures. In

this case it would seem to be an evidence

of good judgment on the part of the Mich-

igan hog feeder to market his available

hog supply at a little better weight than

has been the case in recent weeks. The

cost of gains up to 200 lbs. in weight at

least are certainly well under the market

price at present, even where the grain

must be purchased, and hogs of that

weight will not be discriminated against in

price to any extent in a season of short

receipts such as exists at present and is

likely to prevail for the next two months

at least. At the same time the spring

pig crop should be kept growing rapidly,

so that these pigs may be brought to

about the same weight before sold, as

there will undoubtedly be free marketing

of light hogs later in the season which

will cause a spread in prices the other

way and place these better weights at a

premium. All things considered, it would

certainly appear to the writer to be the





part of wisdom for the average Michigan .





farmer to keep the pigs growing as rapidly

as possible, until they approximate the

200 lb. mark before sendinghthem to

market. A. R. FARMER.





 





THE MICHIGAN PARMER.





 





or better yet by the feeding of'





Desserts





and many other pleasing

dishes can be made with





Post

Toasties





A crisp, wholesome food—

always ready to serve.





With fruits or berries it is

delicious.





“The Memory Lingers”





.A little book—"Good Things

Mode with Toasties”-—-in packages.

tells how.





Sold by Gum's—pkg; no and lie.





POSTUM CEREAL CO. LTD..

Battle Creek. Mich.





 





of your lambs. erode}! Clalxx.





 





 





 





RETIRED PERCHEBONB For Bole-d more

2-yr-old a l Stallion 1-yr-old. groyl. Stubblefleld

Register. M. A. Bray. Okemos Ingham 00., Mich.





—B.oneo. Cattle. Sheep Embogo

For sa'e or Poultry, nearly all breeds. FSircl

exchanged. Southwest Michigan Pedigreed Stock

Association. B. E. Jennings, Sec" Pow Pow. Mich.





BlllllbllllS’ DIRECTORY.

camp.





, ABERDEEN-ANGUS.





Herd needed by UNDULATA BLACKBIRD

ITO 83838. one of the best sons of PRINCE ITO

50.06. and Grnnd Champion Bull at the Detroit

and Grand Rapids Fain of 1907, 1908 and 1909. Bord

consists of Erica. Blockblrds, Prices. etc.

WOODCOTE STOCK 1" RM. Ionic. Mich.





Berkshire swine. Eggs for

_ setting. High bred stock.

Whlte & Buff 0r Ingtons. White & Barred Rocks.

Light Brahman. bite Leghorn: and WbltoW on-

dottelSl pet-15. Mlon. School for the Door. flint t.





 





 





 





 





 





 





lyrshiru Bull Calm.





 





 





—-Polled Durnnmn. Ham hire

”nus nuns Cotswold. ,nnd South Downlglnmd

on sale at Clover Bloomm Form. Port Austin. Mich.





GUERNSEYSE‘ZHHt salts





tested. ALLAN “LSEY. Lnkovfow. Mich.





NR SALE-GUERNSEY BULL CAM/ES.





All right in every way. Price- reasonable.

J. L. SNYDER. Ens: Lao-ha. Mfchlcnn.





- Breeders and Im arter- ofh n

“'23: NS. Farm close Gnernoeyo. pVVrfto no yd?”

wn .





E. aJ. T. MILLER, Birmingham. Mich.





SHOIOELY BHEII HOLSlElll-FfllE-Sllll 232335.73





prices. Cole Bros. Ypsiland Farms.Ypallnntl. Mich





notsmu FBIESIAI 4“" a... a...





headed by Canary

Mercedes Royal King. W. B. Jones. Oak Grove.Mlcb.





5 Holstein Service Bulls For Sale.





Any one of which have breeding and individuality

that qualitleo them to bend my herd. Bull calves

and a few good cows.



L. E. CONNELL. Fayette. Ohio.





TOP NOTCH HOLSTEIN S.





Top Notch registered young Holstein Bulls com.

blnlng in themselves the blood of cows which now

hold and have in the post held World’s Records for

milk and butter-fat at fair prices.



illcPHERSON FARMS 00.. Howell. Mich.





BULL CALF r

H 0 LST El Nb“ be“ “mm... '3?” t3}:





breed. C. D. WOODBUBY. Lansing. Michigan.





—B th

H E REFOR 05: to?» nieexeiiigdfiéiffifif





Chino bogs. R. E. ALLEN. Paw Paw. Mlcll.

LILLIE FARMSTEAD JERSEYS





We have some splendid young built: for sole. Some

of them are old enough for service. They are from

cows with record: of 300 to 425 pounds of butter last

year. Write for description and prices



COLON C. LILLIE. Cooporovlllo. Mich.





JERSEY BULL CALF born. October 4th ’09. Dan

gave 9, 386 lbs. milk in one year, test 5 to 554$. Sire's

dam’ a record 10. 060 lbs. milk in 10}; months testfi 2-10

pox cent. The Murray-Waterman 00., 11. D. 6, Ann Arbor. Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





FOB. BALI—I2 reel-fowl Janey Cowl of St. Lambert and

Inland blood, from 2 to 10 yearn, all fruh or nearly I0. Price

$100 oachlf token of once C. A. Braltol, 11.. P. D. 5.Ponton,lich.





Fol “ll—Jersey Bull Calves from 3 to 9 mos. old.

Fine thirfty fellows and from extra good

cows. A. Newmnn, Mariette. Mich. R. F. D. No. 1.





BUTTER BRED JERSEY Bolling





CRYSTAL SPRING STOCK PA

Silver Creek. Allocan County. MPehinn.





Register of Mgfit Jerseys Ofllolur yearly

T. F. HARMON. Bay CIIY. Michigan.





NORTHERN GRUWN JERSEYS





WITH DIG MILK RECOR

TUBECULIN TESTED BY STATE VETERINABIAN.

YCEOFT FARM. Sidnnw. Mic-i.

DAIRY BRED SHORTHORNS. Con hoporen few

dnotol good

Telephone. J. B. HUMMEL. Manon. Michigan.





HOBTBORN come of both on at umnsblc

S “can. I broodfor bothxnnkm boot. Como:





 





 





 





 





9

mm. ‘1‘. I. somw ”13,3 .No. 18. 90813.11!!!





 





an:

ROMEYN o. masons. Gm nd Loin. M'foi‘q





Oxford-Down Sheep “33.13%“

cattle for sale. A. D. &J. A. DEGARMO. Muir. Mich ‘





OXFORD DOWNS “ "w ‘°°‘





field rams for

sole. H. J. Do GABMO. B. 180.1. Clyqu





WSIHIOPSIIIIIE HALL “STD“ Fill





limportx| one hundred yenrl ng ewesm and 15 tom:

lvvn June for Michigan and the some fol-Boise

Branch of this Form. Will make n full price on

yearling owes or rams. also on some aged ewes with

lambs at side. for 00 days.

L. S. DUNEAM ‘zSONS. Concord. Mlohllll.

130 Reg. Bunbolllet Ewen for sale. descended

from the best flocks and bred to a pure Von

Homcyer and n run sired by 3 Gilbert ram nod lm.

ported dun. All in pollen health. In Iota tosult buy-

era—none reserved. J. Q. A. Cook. Morrioe, Mich.

H068.





LARGE ENGLISH BEHKSHIHES.





Have fine lot of spring pigs of both sexes. Few

young cows for full furrow. Vigorous and strong.

tho type for profitable pork production. sum-c.

tlon guaranteed. F. A. BYWATEI. Memphln, Mich.





HUPP FARM BERKSHIRES !





W0 ON 189 PRIZ

Stock of both sexes one all page for sole.9 Breeders

of Guernsey Cattle. M. I. Barred Bock

Chickens, Pekln Ducks. eno. EUPP. Main.

DrnwotA Bfmlnmm Mlchfnn.





“MES Unexcollod In brooding. Selected

bout. sows and m. Chalet ml

pin. '1‘. v. HICKS. n. No. 11. Bum. mulch.





HIGH SUSS MICE EMS! Mifi’ffl

arena-n.





our. W. J. BOSS. Roof-clear.





BERKSHIRES “lanai:

ch.





”'1'an C. 8. BARTLETT. routine.”





IEII SIMS“... ‘ “w E...“ mwmmrm

inn-edit“ Inlo. I‘M long“! 03.3mm, um, Stduw, Ilcb.





Berkshire—A low choice fall Gfltobnd for only for-

rowing and o choicelot of Spring Pigs with prices

right and the Hun brood. A. Lhttuno. Deokmflh, Ila.





ADAMS BROS utcnfldd. Mien. breeders of 1m.

proved Chm: Whlte and worth “swine.

Pip, either hand, by lot pri- 8... hit ulnnm. Bullock.

13-le nus :1 p..- 15- mom-stun” not 15-





—Bowo bred for Aug.

improved that": m...“ 0...... 3...... ”.523;

furrow, either sex also W. Wynndotte Eggs .1 for 15.

W.0 .WILSON. 0komoo. Mich. (Both Phones).





CHESTER WHITESIfi‘x’Si’figfi





for fall fan-owing. Also Guernsey Cattle. Catalog

free. WILLW “FISHER Wetervffot. Michigan.





“I'll W8 —mne of the choices: Cheater White



__bom.:hmwod May mama. finality

“Chief’s Commander". Grand Champion at tho last

International. Demo, "Ln Rank. hoe lot." and

“Lady Kanknkee and.” also Grand Champion win-

norlotlootlnt olnn nomothanm. For

prion address, Bonnie Bmlnnn. Alanna. Mlcn.





DUROC J ERS‘E‘YS. .





CAREY U. BDMOKDS. Hula-Cl. ”Roldan;





DUROO JERSEY HOOS ago.





for sale. Pigs in pairs not akin. ready to uni

Meadowhrook Seed Farms. Williamson". 8.





nunoc JERSEY SWINE. “that?” it

for 15. .I. II. BANGHABT. Lansing. loll.

ALNUT BILL FAB] Hard of Dams. and IOWI all sold.





35 fine foil IOWI, 15 fine roll boon may for union. 100

spring pig. to do... Write J. 0. Barney, Coldwotor, Mloh.





0. l. 6. bred sows all sold. gggg;

hand. GEORGE P. ANDREWS. Dulvllle. Mich.





O l C REGISTERED PIGS. 10 to 12

0 o 0 weeks from World’s Fair winners.

Glenwood Stock Form. Zeoinnd. Mich. Phone 94.





o I C REGISTERED PIGS March and



April littorl. Pairs not dim.

HENRY RIGTERINK. III-nun. Mich.

-BPB.ING PIGS and n “we" BB]



0- I. C. SOWS at reasonable D

C. J. THOMPSON. Rookf‘ordfiu Mich.



Sow plan all sold, but 0 oxtn fine



0. In cl bonr pig; for sale. Sotlofnction guar-



anteed. FRED NICKEL, Monroe, Mich” R. No. l.





[G WESTERN TYPE POLAND-CHINA PIGS, by three bf.



Venom Bonn and from Big Sowu. Pro-pect- foritloo to

lOOtLlh bogo.1‘hoy only and growth-0.2911 blgtoc

nearly?!) years. Bell 1) on. J. C. BUTLER Portland, ulch.





FOBSALE—4 P. C. boars ready for oervioe. Eggs

for hatching & prize winning Regal White A: Col-

umblan Wynndottes. Zach Kinne. Three Oaks. Mich.





L‘BGE TYPE POLANDCHINAS~Lugeat In

Mich. Booking orders for pigs to



be shipped at 4 to 5 mos. of age. Write for weights



and measurements. W..E Livingston. ParmmMLcu.





P. 6. 88000 SW SALE





AUGUST 3rd.





45 SOWS bred to Next in Line, Modifier and

Orient—three of Michfgnn' s greatest

boars. Write for catalog and arrange to come.





WM. WAFFLE, Goldwater, Michigan.

PO LAN D-CHINAS-fi‘k‘.‘ 5:.‘322;

to ship. WOOD In SONS. Sail-o. mun.

P. 0. FIGS ashram... per'ki's.

'R. W. MILLS. Saline. Michigan.

Poland China:;?°‘"...a.¥”3.‘§. mfg...

price. B. M. WING a EON. Bherdlon. Michigan.

Poland-fibu‘m” “m m” ”mm "a





older sown bud. Also Shorthorn

calves. Prices right. Robert Neve. Pierson, Mich.





For Sale-500 ..'.“° Yorkshire





Red Pine each 85-0

3.11ng PIG FARM. Grand BupIdD. Mich





Lam ”rowed English Yorkshlns.





The non mat good. September gilt: bred to

furrow next Augusto: September. Spring of

when“. Pnlnnotnkln. Sewn



N a. nun. econ-ovum. man. J





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





m. .1» ‘

snoop. ' '

Parsons Poll Dololno Rams‘





toth‘o oonultutlo'n “‘XX. nu





 





 





hw;-r_s+ . a «K a... -MXM~«+ ”WM. .
“we. '-r-.-. f ,. - .A a... ems.” c.-A__"- ”W4 ”my...





 





 





 





 

 





JULY'16, 1910.

LIVE STOCK NOTES.





 





It is stated on good authority that the

marketing of Oklahoma and Kansas grass

cattle will be from 10 to 15 per cent

heavier than that of a year ago.



Texas two-year-old cattle are being

shipped to northwestern Canada. In a

recent week 27 car loads were shipped.

Cattle are selling at high prices over in

Canada, as well as in this country. _

improvement is hardly expected 'untll

along in October or November, when the

autumn activity starts up. Neither is

there much doing in leather, and tanners

are well supplied with hides.



The Chicago hog trade is a marvel. One

day the packers stand off and refuse to

buy, while the following day they buy

with great freedom. They have been

anxious to place the market on a lower

level, but as a rule breaks in prices have

been followed by small receipts.



Opening sales of California range feed-

ing lambs at Chicago were at $6.75 per

100 lbs., an unusually high price for June.

They averaged (33 lbs. Opening sales of

the best California mutton lambs were

at $7.25@7.85, their weights running from

67 to 69 lbs. Last year the first range

feeding lambs were from Idaho and

showed up in July. They averaged 58 lbs.

and sold at $6.40.



“We are afraid to put heavy hog pro-

ducts away in our cellars at these prices,”

says a Chicago packer. “Light. stuff goes

into bacon that finds a less speculative

and less mercurial market, and a larger

percentage of a light hog can be put into

fresh meat channels. The part that must

be cured is susceptible of a short process,

while the heavy cuts consume more time

in preparation for trade channels. By the

time the product of these big hogs has

been cured the market may be a dollar

lower, and it is a big chance to take.”



Pork has been wholesaling at Chicago

about $3.70 per barrel higher than a year

ago, with lard, bacon, hams, etc., showm;

similar advances, yet the consmption of

cured hog products continues very large

throughout the country. There is. also

a good demand for fresh pork, wlnch is

cheaper than it was several weeks ago,

and it is cheaper than other meats.



The reccnt reduction in prices for the

cheaper cuts of-becf announced by the

packers was found necessary to stimulate

consumption of the common to medium

carcasses, the choicer lines of beef bclng

advanced at the same time. As is gen—

erally known, there has been a. great in-

crease in the marketing of grass-fed cat—

tle and a corresponding decrease in sup-

plies of fat, long—fed cattle.



The collapse in prices in Chicago and

other western markets in recent wccks

enabled buyers of stocker and feeder cat-

tle to pick up some rare bargains, but

burned-up pastures caused by the dry

weather forced many farmers to stay out

of the market. Careful feeders of cattle

are likely to come out well ahead, provid—

ed they buy at the right time and do not

purchase inferior cattle. Many stockmen

have assumed great risks this year by

paying extremely high‘prices.1 It is safer

to wait fo’r'v’thc breaks in prices and to

iave buying orders placed with first-class

live stock commissions, with instructions

to buy when values reach a certain level.



Oklahoma and Texas cattle shippers

have been reporting very dry grass, and

this explains in great part the recent free

marketing of grass cattle from the south-

western pastures, taxing railroad carry—

ing facilities in some instances. Similar

conditions have been reported in parts

of Iowa, Wisconsin, Minnesota and South

Dakotapand ranchmen 'in Montana and

South Dakota have been showing anx-

iety, fearing that the drought would com-

pel them to ship their cattle and sheep

prematurely.



Consignments of wool are still being

made to the Chicago market,- with a poor

outlook for a break in the dullness that

has kept business practically at a stand-

still for several weeks. Tub—washed wools

are wholesaling at 20 to 35 cents per

pound and unwashed lots at 14 to 23

cents. Boston advices state that buyers

continue to make prices in that market.

although there is a slightly better demand

for some grades. In all parts of the west

there is a slow movement of the new clip.



The sheep and yearlings that have

been marketed at Chicago recently from

Oregon and other ranges were only fair

in flesh and sold at rather low prices, the

poorer ones being attractive to feeders

at the low figures that were asked. This

branch of the sheep market has been

rather slack in recent weeks, however,

and a. good many buying orders for feed—

ers have been cancelled on account of

the dry weather, pasturage in many

places having been greatly injured. For

farmers with plenty of grass this is a

favorable time to buy feeders, both sheep

and lambs. .



While wool is selling in the United

States from five to six cents a pound

lower than a year ago, prices are two to

three cents higher in London than then.



There is a fair demand for breeding

ewes in the Chicago market, and it is a

first-rate time to buy when good .Voung

ewes can be had for $4.50@5 per 100 lbs.



A purchase was made in the Chicago

market a short time ago of a consign-

ment of horses to export to South Am-

erica, and if the venture turns out sat-

isfactorily, other exports will follow. The

horses were serviceable medium weight

chunks suitable for farm and general-

purpose service, and they cost from $150

@200.



Corn in farming sections is abundant,

while hogs are scarce, and owners have

a powerful incentive to make aheir hogs

fat and heavy. Corn is made to realize

fully $1.25 per bushel when marketed

as pork, and it is easy to see why the

summer marketings are carrying more

weight than they ever did before. The

result is that the big hog markets of the

country are affording little material for

the high-price trade, such as light break—

fast bacon, while there is an abundance

01’ heavy meats such as the south uses

and such as satisfies the cheap northern

trade. Farmers are holding on to their

pigs as they never were known to do in

the past, and extremely few are seen in





 





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THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





mWQCT‘uT‘s "

‘: .‘,-.- . ‘1',”~,"T\ \Q’ .. \

ht -~~—.e.s....~s:\\sc ~





   





, 6

Tl'he‘Crea’t Economy Car”





Tonneaulncludidx$s1575

« _ 3/”- .3?“

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[have been told that this advertisement is too long—that folks won’t read

it, but if you are thinking about getting an automobile, you will read with

interest every word—it may save you hundreds of dollars of unnecessary





expense.

5 CAR BUILT FOR YOU





The sales of Maxwell 5-Passenger, 30 H. P. Touring

Cars and Maxwell l2 H. P. Runabouts have been enor-

mous, yet a number of farmers write me that they want a car

with detachable Tonneau. As a result of these many re-

quests, I have built a car especially to fill your needs—

(shown above with tonneau detached). It is a big, hand-

‘some, 30 H. P., 2-Passenger Roadster that can be changed

in three minutes into a smart, stylish 4-Passenger Touring

Car. With Tonneau off, there is ample carrying space on

the rear platform. When the wife or family want an out-

ing, on the Tonneau goes in a jiffy. If you could have a

car built specially for you, wouldn't it be just such a one?





5 STYLISH CAR





The picture of the car speaks for it. Here is an

automobile that the wealthiest man is proud to own. Note

the long Wheel-base (l l0 inches) and big wheels and tires

(34 x 4 inches). Men who have formerly owned only the

highest priced cars, costing $3,000 or $4,000, find in this

MAXWELL at $l,5 75 the same power, reliability and

style at less than half the cost of up—keep. I want to em-

phasize particularly the matter of style, because many cars

made with detachable tonneau have such a cheap, dinky

look, that their owners feel like apologizing. You must see





this car to appreciate it—you must ride in it to realize its





strength, power, ease of control and extreme simplicity.





SALE OF MAXWELLS TO DATE

Sold to May31, ’10 - - 29,545





Sold during June, ’10 - - 2,243

Maxwells in use today - - 31,788





WATCH THE FIGURES GROW





 





dealers.





We operate 4 great factories, l6 branch houses and have 800

We will give you the name of the nearest dealer.





Maxwell-Briscoe Motor Co.

Fig Stu, Tarrytown, No Yo





Licensed under Szldcn Patent—Members A. L. A. M.





LOW COST 25 UP-KEEP



MAXWELL CARS cost their owners less to main— .

tain than any other car in the world, regardless of price. We

were the first manufacturers to come out and give you the

actual figures showing the exact cost of maintenance. Last

year we said of our big 5-Passenger Taming Car—“ This

big car can be run 5,000 miles a year at an average total

cost of $3.98 a week." Understand, these figures include

gasoline, oil, grease, repairs and tire cost. This model costs

even less to run, because it is lighter than our Touring Car,

and light weight, coupled with great strength, is what makes

an automobile economical to use.





.1535 FOR THE FIGURES





If you did not see our recent announcement showing in exact figures

-—iust how little it costs to run the MAXWELL 5-Passcnger Touring

Car 5.000 miles a year. write me and I will send you a poster in natural

colors, giving these figures in itemized form. The shrewd farmer who

wants to know what his car is going to cost him to run after he buys it,

should have this information. Remember, We are the only makers who





come out and give you the AVERAGE TOTAL COST.

THESE BOOKS FREE





 





 





 





I want to send, without cost to you, a lot of valuable in. /

formation about automobiles. I want you to have our / .

latest catalogue—full illustrated. Also copies of “How / .°°

to Judge an Automobile" and the "Co-Operator," a 3'





newsy magazine, together with “ The World;

Record Booklet." Now, while it is fresh in your

mind, mail this coupon or drop me a postal. / . .'





Simply say “MAIL BOOKS."





W Preoident.





// «as; \V 4 (#00

.° 5‘50 V

/’/e§ 9.3? i if





F. P.





 





You Can Make Big Profits YOU NEED IT w:





ditching for your neighbors with a.

BUCKEYE. Thousands of acres

will be drained this fall by hand

whereas tens of thousands should

and could be drained with





BUCKEYE

TRACTION DITCHERS.





. Place your order NOW, then con-

tract for your neighbors’ work





 





With Low Steel. Wheels

THE wagon for a thousand farm jobs. Low, handy and

strong. Saves high lifting. saves strength, saves horses.

Broad tires, no ruts. Get it now tor summer and tall

hauling. We are ready to ship, 20 styles. Free book





" and you W111 take the firSt Step tells all. Also separate Electric Steel Wheels for old





this season.





toward earning a large income running gears, guaranteed to fit. Don’t wait;the busy

Remember the first

, man in your vicinity to buy a

. BUCKEYE will be the one who

, gets the biggest profits.



Farmers and threshermen, this

should appeal to you.

“F" tells HOW- Address double rupture. No truss could hold. Doctors said



SALES DEPARTMENT





- - the cure free by mail it you write f it.

The Mimi) 3390b r[higher 00.. cm. w. A. m... n... 5... was... 11.7.





hauling season is on. Send for the book.





ELECTRIC WHEEL C0., 30x35. Quincy, III.





 





 





 





 





BUPTURE GURED





Catalog I was helpless and bed-ridden for years from a.





I would die it not operated on. I fooled them all

and cured myself by a. simple discovery. I will send
42 t6) . ._

The Michigan Farmer

ESTABusnED 1843. ' -

nus LAWRENCE PUBLISHING co.,

FDITORS AND I’ROPRIETOB}. .

”todsm Shul'ul. Detroit.“





Tnmwnonn Mun 4525.





vav You: Dunes—41 Park Row.



CHICAGO OFFICE—173' First Nat’l Bank Building.

CLEVELAND Curran—10114015 Oregon Ave, N.

Gimp Ramps OFFICE—5 & 6 New Hawkins Bldg.





 





M. J. LAWRENCE ................................. President.

M. L. LAWRENCE....\....................VIce-President.

E. H. HOUGHTON .............Sec.-'l‘reas.





.t. n. WATIRBUBY

0 ........................... Associate

Editors.





ALTA LAWSON m'rr'riiLLi'f.‘ '..'.;’.".......

1.11. nocon'ron ................... .Bullneu Manager.

TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION:



$2.00





Five Years 2 “’31....“

Time Years, 156 Copies, Postpaid... . . .. 1351::





 





 





 





d.

o-odiuuucriwon 5! min a you exit-tor palm





Always and money by draft. postoffice money

order. regiotered letter. or by express. We will not

borespondbie for money sent in letters. Address

all communications to. and nuke all drafts. checks.

and pesto-ea orders payable to. the Lawrence

Publishing Co.





RATES OF ADVERTISING:



10 cents per line agate measurement, or 5.60

per Inch, each Insertion, with a reasonable a noun-

on orders amounting to 0200: over. No adv’t ltn

sorted for less than 01.20 per insertion.



No lottery. quack doctor or swindling any”.

t sementl inserted at any price.



Entered as second class matter at the Detroit.



Michigan. poetoiilce.





COPYRIGHT l9l0

by the Lawrence Pub. Co. All persons are warned

alnat reprinting any portion of the contents

”this Issue without our written permission.





 





 





 





WE GUARANTEE to stop THE

MICHIGAN FARMER Immediately

upon expiration of time subscribed

for, and we will pay all expenses for

defending any suit, brot against

any subscriber to The Michigan

Farmer by the publisher of any farm

paper, which has been sent after the

time ordered has expired, providing

due notice In sent to us, before suit

is started.



Avoid further trouble,

to subscribe for any farm paper

which does not print, in each issue,

a definite guarantee to stop on expir-

ation 0L subscriptgmé C



Th awrence u . 0.,



e Detroit, M‘cho





 





by refusing





 





 





 





 





DETROIT. JULY 16. I910.





 





 





 





25 CENTS TO NEW SUBSCRIBERS.





 





We will send the Michigan Farmer to

new subscribers to November 1, 1910. in-

,cluding one of our farmers‘ pocket account

books of 72 pages, all properly ruled un-

der headings, such as daily egg record,

hired help, individual account, cash paid

out, cash received, etc., also instructions

how to keep accounts, also other general

information, and 1910 calendar. The

Michigan Farmer to Nov. 1, 1910, and ac-

count book sent postage paid for only 25c,

or the Michigan Farmer to November 1.

1911, and a two—bladed, razor steel, brass—

lined knife, worth 75 cents, postage paid,

for only $1.00. Order through agents or

send direct to this office.





 





CURRENT COMMENT.





 





Several inquiries

havc recently been

received touching the

law requiring the cut—

ting of noxious weeds and brush and its

cnforcemcnt. This law was changed and

strcngthencd at the last scssion of the

legislature when the highway laws of the

state were revised and re-cnactcd. The

law as it at present stands makcs it oh—

ligatory on the part of commissioners and

oversecrs of highways to enforce its pro-

'visions so far as the cutting of weeds and

brush is concerned, and provides a pen-

alty for them for its non—enforcement.

So far as the cutting of brush in the high-

way is concerned, the law clearly makes

it the duty of the commissioner and over-

seers of highways to cut or cause to be

out, prior to the first day of July in any

year, all brush within the limits of the

highways under their jurisdiction, with

the proviso that the law‘shall in no way

apply to young trees which have been set

out or preserved by abutting property

owners for shade or other purposes.

While there is reference in other sections

of the law to the refusal of property own<

ers to cut the brush along the highways

through or adjacent to their property,

yet there would seem to be some question

as to the authority of the commissioner

to compel the property owner to out these

brush without compensation, although

this is a point that will have to be de—

termined by future interpretations of the

- law.



There is, however, no ambiguity in the

sections referring to and making it the





The Noxious Weed

Law





'\





 





duty of land owners to cut and destroy

the noxious weeds, mot only in the high-

Way, but in! the fields as well. This they

are required by the law to do on or before

the first day of July, and again on or be-

fore the first day of September in each

year, and, failing in this duty, it is made

the duty of the highway officers to cut

them or cause them to be cut; and the

law further provides that the cost of

such work, together with 10 per cent ad-

ditional, shall become a charge against

the property to be levied-and collected.

as all other taxes are levied and collected

for the reimbursement of the township.



This law is being enforced in many sec-

tions of the state, and should be enforced

everywhere. Undoubtedly it will be so

enforced as soon as the careful farmers

who are trying to keep the Weed pests in

subjection become sufficiently familiar

with it to realize its benefits, since they

can easily make trouble and expense for

highway officers who do not enforce it.

This law especially provides for such cut-

ting of “all Canada thistles, milkweed,

wild carrots, oxeye daisies. or other nox-

ious weeds," and applies to “every own-

er, possesor or occupier of land or any

person or persons, firm or corporation

having charge of any lands in this state.”

and provides a penalty of $10 and costs in

addition to paying the cost of cutting

the weeds, with 10 per cent added there—

to as above noted. The penalty which

applies to highway officers f0r non—enforce-

ment of the law is a fine of not less than

$10 and not more than $25, together with

the costs of prosecution, or by imprison—

ment in the county jail for a period not

exceeding 30 days, or by both such fine

imprisonment in the discretion of the

court. These penalties will, without doubt,

scrve to bring about the enforcement of

this law in a fairly efficient" manner with

the undoubted effect that the eradication

of such weed pests by the careful farmer

will become a much more simple matter

than it was under the old conditions,

when it was impossible to prevent a care-

less neighbor from permitting them to

seed just over the fence or to the wind-

ward, which made efforts toward their

eradication of little avail. For obvious

reasons this law should be willingly ob-

served by every farmer, since its general

enforcement will simplify the solution of

one of the serious problems affecting the

future of our agriculture.





 





 





THE "BETTER FARMiN‘G" SPECIAL

TRAIN.





 





The Better Farming Special Train which

was run from Bay City to Cheboygan,

returned over another road and then

made a side trip west as far as Clare,

from June 27 to July 2, inclusive, which

was briefly described in the last issue,

made a most successful trip.



The train itself consisted of three bag-

gage cars containing exhibits. One bag-

gage car made a specialty of dairy uten-

sils, separators, butter workers, cow

stanchions, and everything of that sort.

Another car made a specialty of farm

crops, especially of the ciovers which are





best adapted to that portion of the state“





The other car was a live stock special,

containing species of the different breeds

of sheep and poultry. All along the route





the people showcd great interest in the

exhibits. The train arrived at a station

and remained for one hour. About 40





minutes of this hour was devoted to short

talks on variops farm topics by different

members of the party. The balance of

the hour was taken up in discussing the

exhibits. There were so many different

subjects to be discussed that very little

time could ho given to any one particular

feature and this, in a way was a handicap,

because a man cannot say very much on

any subject in four or five minutes. Yet;

it was wonderful the amount of good,

practical advice that was given in these

talks in that length of time. Prof. Taft,

of M. A. C., discusscd spraying. As this

country at the present time is taking

much interest in fruit growing, this was

a vcry timely topic and no one knows

bcticr how to discuss this subject in all

of its different phases than Prof. Taft.

Prof. Brown gave a talk on feeding sheep.

He spoke of the necessity of sheep in a

new country in clearing the land, and

then their benefit to the soil. Not only

this but there are acres of pasture going

to waste in this section of the state that

could be utilized by sheep. Prof, Liver-

ance is instructor of dairying at M. A. C.,

and, of course, confined his talk to this

phase of farming. He advised better

cows and' more of them. He advised

weighing the milk of each cow and testing

it occasionally so that one knows the

quality of the cow that is being kept.

He said much money was lost by dairy





'TH‘EgiviicHIGANFARMER. § 1





 





farmers because they did not select out

the unprofitable cowr Prof. Kempster

talked on poultry, he being instructor in

poultry and having charge‘ of the poultry

branch of M. A. C. His advice was prac-

tical. There isn't any question but what

“the farmers not only in that section of

the state, but in every other section of

the state, do not give this phase of agri-

culture as much attention as they ought

to. It was stated that the profits in

poultry, taking into consideration the in-

vestment, were probably larger than any

other phase of farming, and that one red-

son why people did not appreciate farm

poultry was because they did not keep

track of the receipts from their flock, and

did not estimate the cost of maintaining

it. In other words, they knew nothing

about it.



Erof. Shoesmith talked on alfalfa and

said that all of that section ought to grow

alfalfa and if people would take a little

pains in making preparation for this crop,

it could be grown. He put great'strcss

on the inoculation of the soil and the ap-

plication of lime.



Profs. Smith and McDonald, represent-

ing the Department of Agriculture of the

United States, have devoted much time

for the past two years in this section of

the state examining the soil, the crops

and different methods of farming. Both

of them gave very interesting and prac-

tical talks. Prof. McDonald said that

they found on cavreful investigation that

this section of the state contained some

of the very best soil, not only in this

state. but in any state. It contained

other soils that were fairly good, and he

was sorry~to say that it contained some

soils that were none too good. The best

soils would grow alfalfa at once. The

next best soil would grow clover and then

after a crop of clover one could get a

crop of alfalfa. The poorest soil must be

seeded first to sand vetch. This plant

would grow on the lightest soils in that

country and after sand vetch has been

raised and a crop or two plowed under,

the land then was in condition so that

clover could be grown and after clover

alfalfa could be grown. Then profitable

crops could be raised that were adapted

to that soil and climate. He put great

stress upon raising leguminous crops and

keeping that sandy soil filled full of

humus. Organic matter in the soil en-

abled~ the soil to retain more moisture

and carry it through dry spells. Prof.

Smith not only talked on leguminous

plants. especially putting stress on sand

lucerne for the very poorest land, but he

also gave a very interesting and instruc-

tive talk on potato growing. He said one

reason why Michigan did not have a

larger average yield of potatoes was be-

cause no rotation of crops was used in

connection with the potato crop. Pota-

toes are grown on a piece of land con-

tinually until it would grow potatoes no

longer. The state of Maine, however, had

a rotation of crops, consisting of clover.

potatoes and cats. The clover is used to

furnish humus or vegetable matter to the





soil. Oats were used as a seeding crop

for the clover, and then for extra plant

food, heavy applications of commercial





fertilizer were used. He did not partic-

ularly recommend commercial fertilizers

because he’said he did not know as peo-

ple were ready for their use and he ad-

vised the keeping of live stock to supply

plant food as much as possible. ’



Governor \Varncr, who was with the

train for four days, confined his talk al-

most entirely to dairying. The governor

is an enthusiastic dairyman, as everyone

knows, and loves to talk to farmers on

this subject and from all appearances the

farmers like to hear him. The governor

apparently enjoyed this trip hugely.



‘Dairy and Food Commisioner Lillie,

who was with the train for two days,

talked on dairying. He confined himself

almost exclusivcly to dairying as a busi-

ness for that part of the state. His idea

was that farmers there ought to keep

cows enough so that the income from the

cows would pay the entire running ex-

pcnses of the farm. Then, if thcy wished

to grow potatoes and fruit, well and good,

but dairying could be depended upon. It

is reliable and a cash business, conse-

quently would make the farmers more

thrifty and more independent. He be-

lieved, in going into the business before

the soil had been depleted of its virgin

fertility, also that in going into dairying

special purpose dairy breeds should be

used. His idea was to purchase dairy

sires and raise heifer calves from them-

tive cows for the future dairy cow of that

vicinity.



This “Better Farming" special was well

patronized by the farmers along the en-

tire route. The smallest meeting crowd—

ed' one of the large coaches.





At several _





 

   





 





 

 





Places it took three coachie ‘tdfhoia'. 53:116.."

MuCh interest wasr'manl‘fést on;5





people.

every hand. . '





 





 





HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.





 





National.





Millers in the southwest who have been

bleaching flour by the use of nitrogen

peroxide were held to be adulterating the

product, according to the findings" of the

federal court after five weeks of taking

testimony and submitting arguments at





Kansas City. The adulteration is not per- .





mitted underthe pure food and drug law

and, if the findings are sustained by the

higher courts, the practice will have to

be discontinued.



An application has been made to the

secretary of the state of Missouri for per-

mission to engage in the business of

patenting, manufacturing and operating

airships for passengers and freight. The

incorporated company is capitalized at

$5,000,000.



The Mississippi river is said to be the

lowest it has been in years and traffic

over a portion of its course is suspended

until rains come, and mills depending

upon water power have had to shut down

for lack of water.



The dry weather is greatly injuring the

wheat crop of the west and should hot

days continue the {shortage over last

year will be greatly increased.



Mexico and the United States have

been consulting with regard to some

means whereby the revolution in Nicara-

gua can belquieted and peace effected. It

is the opinion of the Washington officials

that the anti-American feeling in the

Central American countries is not as

strong as it has been described. The

calls upon bankers of this country for

money loans would indicate a. friendly

feeling. '



A year ago the first of July the govern—

ment entered upon its fiscal year with a.

deficit of nearly $60,000,000. On July 1,

1910, there was a surplus in the treasury

of nearly $10,000,000. There is a' decrease

in the postal deficienc of nearly $11,000,-

000 and an increase of 8,000,000 in the ex-

penditures for the navy.



The street railway differences in the

city of Chicago have been put in the hands

of umpires. The purpose is to merger all

the lines of the Illinois metropolis. Judge

Grosscup, of the United States court,

George G, Moore, of Michigan, and Calvin

Goodrich, of Minnesota, will appraise the

lines and decide questions that cannot be

settled between the companies. themselves.



Governor Hughes and Colonel Roosevelt

were together talking over New York

state politics on Tuesday. The act of the

New York assembly in turning down the

bill providing for direct nominations has

aroused Mr. Roosevelt into unusual in-

terest in the question.



Glenn Curtiss, the aviator, on Monday





of this week covered 50 miles at the rate. ,





of forty miles per hour in his aeroplane

over the ocean at Atlantic City: Counter





winds prevented a greater speed, (which





it is declared ‘could have befinqattained .~





without the disadvantage.





Direct exchange of postal money orders





will be possible between this countryand

Uruguay after October. Arrangements

have just been made to ,that effect.

Amounts in both directions are to be ex-r

pressed in United States curency.



The state tax commission has increased

the valuation of Traverse City 66 per cent

over the former valuation.



Mayor Athertcn, of Newark, Ohio_ was

suspended for 30 days by Governor Har-

mon, pending an investigation of the city

ofiiciais’ action during the rioting there

last Friday which resulted in the lynch-

ing of Carl Etherington, a detective. A

grand jury has been ordered.



- The meeting of the benevolent and pro-



tective order of Elks from all sections of



the country in Detroit this week is prov-



ing to be one of the greatest gatherings



in the history of Michigan's metropolis.

Foreign.





Riots are the order of the day at Lai-

chow in the province of Shantung, China,

where a scarcity of rice has brought the

displeasure of the poorer classes upon the

wealthy, who are charged with having

secured a corner on the crop and are now

charging starvation prices.



The French chamber of deputies has

ordered the appointment of an investigat—

ing committee to review the incidents

connected with the closing of the banks

of Henri Rochette, who it is now decIared,

was the victim of the governmentt offi—

cials, they having used their authority,

it is believed, to close the institutions to

aid speculators.



The towu of Campbellton, New Bruns-

wick, was swept by fire Monday. Wire

communication is destroyed. The popu-

lation in 1901 was 2,602 persons.



The city of Puebla, Mexico, has been

under martial rule since last week. Poli-

tical rioting was the cause for the dis-

continuance of civil authority.





MICHIGAN CROP REPORT.





 





“’heat.~—Reports from crop correspond-

ents in the different sections of the state





indicate a good yield and excellent

quality.

The average estimated yield in the





state and northern counties is 1'7, in the

southern counties 16, in the central coun—

ties l9 and in the upper peninsula 18

bushels per- acre. The total number of

bushels of wheat marketed by farmers

in June at 100 mills is 81,899 and at 70

elevators and to grain dealers 54,558, or

a total of 136,457bushels. Of this amount

108,364 bushels were marketed in the

southern four tiers of counties, 24.358 in

the central counties and 3,735 in the

northern counties and upper peninsula.

The estimated total number of bushels of

wheat marketed in eleven months, Au~

gust-June is, 11,750,000. The amount of

wheat yet remaining in possession of

growers is estimated at 250,000 bushels.

One hundred "and fourteen mills, elevators

and grain dealers report no wheat mar-

keted in June.



Continued on page 49).





n





~v—w‘
«- '4‘ 4





 





 





 





 





 





 

 





 





 





land modern ideals; and





’/





 





 





LITERATURE

POETRY

HISTORY an?

IN FORMATION





 





 





 

   





g





 





' .





>5. - . m





H50 W





[more





EEKLY.





 





 





‘Ihe FARM BOY

an? GIRL

SCIENTIFIC an?

MECHANICAL





 





 





 





 





 





This Magazine Section forms a part of our paper twice a month. Every article is written especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere





 





 





MICHIGAN’S FIRST CONSOLIDATED SCHOOL.





city of Kalamazoo, bordering



either bank of the river by the

same name, is a busy industrial and resi-

dential community. In the center of this

area lies the village of Comstock, hous-

ing three or four hundred people. Beside

the men who work in a couple of good

factories and some general stores, the

population has been, until recently, al-

most entirely rural, the occupation being

gardening and celery raising.



Recently, on account of the beauty of

the place and the school

privileges, at number of

professional and busi—

ness men from the

neighboring towns have

purchased homes ano

moved their families

here. On either side oi

the river are fertile cel-

ery fields, gardens, and

residences. Rising ab-

ruptly above these are

hills which are being

covered with fruit trees,

While beyond lie some of





EAST of the beautiful and cultured





the famous farms 01

Michigan, owned by

men of culture and good

business ability, and

equipped with labor-

saving machinery and

splendid farm homes.





Included in this terri-

tory is an addition to

the city of Kalamazoo,

known as Recreation

Park—a pleasure center

and residence district,

inhabited by men who

labor in the great in-

dustries of Kalamazoo.

Overtopping all this

scene is the hill on

which stands a modern

school building where,

at present, are enrolled

two hundred and fifty

pupils of all ages, from

the kindergarten to the.

high school—an ideal

situation, indeed, for the





BY A. M.





environment has

failure





who can doubt that

much to do with the success or

of a school proposition.



For years it had been the idea of the

representative citizens that a great need

of the times was a better rural social

condition; that to accomplish this, more

of the young must be given better prep.,

aration for life's duties, and that they

should be given an education better in-

tended to make them happy; that a po-





N UTTEN.





tent force in the downfall of many of our

young people is the early age at which

so many of them leave the care of par-

ents to get their education among strang-

ers in the city, where temptation is some-

times more than they can bear.

Accordingly, at this opportune time,

members of the board of education,

backed by many loyal citizens of the en-

tire community, began a canvass of the

territory for the consolidation of several





districts. In a surprisingly short time,

and in the face of very little opposition

in the territory consolidated, a new dis—

trict was born, containing about eighteen

square miles of land, extending from the

limits of the city of Kalamazoo on the

west, to nearly the center of the town-

ship on the east, and from the town line

on the south to the town line on the

north.



The new district replaced four old dis-

tricts, abandoned three old schoolhouses

which, with the exception of one, were

sold to the highest bid-





 





PlaygrOund and Building of Comstock Union School as Impmved Since Consolidation.

Schoolhouse which Accommodated the Consolidated School for One Year and was then Enlarged and Improved.





 





 





home of an educational

institution. Spreading

out before our south

windows are fine celery

fields and gardens, be-

yond which rise gradu~

ally the fine farms al--

ready spoken of, while

in the opposite direction

an equally fine view,

dotted by lakes and

beautiful orchards, may

be seen.



To the west, in run

View, is the city of Kal-

amazoo, while on our

east are three small

lakes; almost within a

stone‘s throw, lie the

beautiful Comstock

Creek. and the snug

dwellings of the villa-

gers, surrounded by

many groves of natural

and planted trees.



Making lively all of

this scene are the tracks

of the Michigan Central





 





railroad and the inter»

urban division of the

Michigan United rail—

way, also the Kalama-

zoo river.



Briefly told, such is

the environment of





Comstock’s consolidated

schools, Michigan’s first

experiment in consolida-

tion, which embodied a

:full high school course,

with modern methods





 





Below is the Old Village





ders; so that now there

is one school building

located almost in the

geographic center of the

new district. The dis

trict was organized at

a special meeting called

for that purpose. This

meeting set in motion

the wheels which have

turned about a strong

sentiment on the part of

our citizens for a better

community, for better

schools. and of course,'

better men and women.





Of the gentlemen who

were elected to the

Board of Education,

three were farmers, one

a mechanic, and one an

Optician. Others who

have served on the

board are an attorney,

and a farmer. I men-

tion these facts because

I consider it fortunate

that a diversity of pro»

fessions have been rep-

resented on the board,

and I desire that all

who read this article

shall have a correct

idea of the controlling

forces which have made

for good in the initial

years of the School.



In the autumn of 1906,

school opened with a.





 





“is a .





principal and three as—

sistants in the little





school building formerly

occupied by the village

district. This building

consisted of two assem-

bly rooms, a huge hall

and a small library

which was used for recl—

tations. Hats and cloaks

were hungr in cold, ex-

posed rooms. lunches

were kept in the base-

ment. In these small

and uncomfortable sur-

ruundings Were housed

ill) children for the most





part of the first year.

During the summer of

191W. substantial repairs

were made on the build—

ing, and the capacity

more than doubled, so

that now we have a

large, well ventilated

and well lighted house.

In the fall of 1909, SIM

teat-hers were employed

and the enrollment

reached 189, with an-

other grade added and





comphicd, A class of

eight was graduated.

The third year opened

auspiciously’ and some

new territory was added

to the original consoli-

dation. During the year,

206 pupils were enrolled,





the average attendance

being 189, or about 92

per cent. During this





(Continued on page 45).
- were:





44‘ (8) ;





ROMANTIC LIFE of HERBERT F’URLONG. ‘





 





”ms MICHIGANFARMER





Thrilling Experiences of a Soldier of Fortune, Ranchman





and Federal Detective.





 





BY J. W. GRAN‘D.





Some two months after the occurrence which lay the broad plain of Sophia, clad

related in my last story both my wife and in snow, but dotted here and there with

daughter were carried off with a fever the numerous dark clusters of huts and

then raging in the district. The loss of curling smoke of the village, I declined

those I loved so unsettled me for business an invitation to pass the night on the





that I decided to resign. As soon as re-





mountain and determined to push forward





lieved, having had a military education to a regiment which held the outposts in

in England and wanting some excitement the valley below. Several hours after,

to forget my troubles, I journeyed to St. when I was beginning to fear I had wholly

Petersburg. Being a strong, strapping lost my road and was wandering into the

fellow of six feet and a good horseman, Turkish lines, I stumbled upon the village

I had no trouble in securing a commis- where the Russians were bivouacked.





sion as orderly and courier, a perilous





While the troops were slowly dragging





position in those days for the war between themselves and their guns over the moun—

Russia and Turkey was at its height. I tain range, I took advantage of the delay

journeyed to Plevna and reached there to pass a day or two with the brigade of





two days after the departure of the 9th

Corps.





Caucasian Cossacks that was employed in

scouting and skirmishing with the Turks





With the fall of Plevna and the capture in the valley of Sophia. These men are

of Osman's army, it was thought that the of an entirely different type from the





backbone of the Turkish resistance was Russians proper.





broken, but it was only a few days before mountains and valleys of the Caucasus,





everyone knew that there was to be no not very far from that portion of the

rest in the campaign. Orders were im- earth which is spoken of as the cradle

mediately issued sending the tl‘OODS that of the human race, and they are of a.

had blockaded Plevna to one or the other remarkably pure

of the advanced guards in the Balkans. complexions,





and at the end of a week they were all black beards, and compact, well-knit





in motion. I intended to overtake these frameS;





troops on the road and follow the cam-





paign with General Gourko's army. At one or two long tunics,

the close of a long days ride the storm heels, the inner one of red or black silk

increased in severity, and I was preparing and the outer of brown woolen cloth, a

to leave the road and seek shelter for the pair of trousers, and low boots outside of

night in a village bivouac whose smokeI them.

could see not far off, when a weird pieture waist by a very narrow belt of leather,

attracted my attention. Alone in the ornamented with silver worked in enamel;

the scimeter-like sword is hung by a.

Stood a company wagon heavily loaded similar piece of leather passing over one

with the men's rations; the ground Was shoulder, and over the other hangs the

frozen hard beneath it and covered with carbine, in a sheath of Sheep—skin; on

snow on all sides; the snow was driving each breast are half a dozen cases to;-

furiously through the air, and the eye cartridges. Their horses are the counter-

could penetrate its mass but a short dlS- part of themselves—shorty thickset'

tance; against this white background tremely hardy, and very intelligent.

stood the black silhouette of the middle men are wonderfully bold riders, though

horse of the "troika;” the other two lay their seat and appearance—with short

stiff and dead atfhis feet on either side. stirrups and high saddles—thaNe little in

- and he alone was still standing. gaunt common with what we are accustomed to





road, without a human being in sight,





their wild picturesque costume

consists of a black, wooly, sheep-skin hat,

coming to their





The tunic is gathered in at the





and feeble, swaying backward and for- call good h0rsemanship.





.‘Award in sad and terrible silence before





insensible, his turn to fall.





I found refuge for the night with a cap- af'ter Christmas.

tain of a "park" of reserve artillery am- in snow and showed no sign whatever of

munition which was bivouacked in the vil- the thousand men who were hidden in it,

lagc. He occupied one Mom of a little except that a good many horses were in

but, the other being filled with a family the yards of the huts.

of some ten or twelve Bulgarians, of both the commandant, who was jugt rolling out

sexes and var10us ages. St. Petersburs of his blankets, and refreshed myself with

cigarettes were forced upon me; and a few glasses of the customary hot tea.

when it was time to go to bed he insisted Half an hour afterward we were in m0-

lnng and urgently. though I would not tion, moving out through the deep snow

yield, that I ShOUld Sh‘CD on his camp toward the town of Sophia to rec0nnoiter

the strength of the Turks at that place.



As we approached one village we were

n’iorning and, making my way through received with a few shots coming from

the storm, arrived two days afterward at behind the hedges. The column was halt-

General Gourko's headquarters on the ed and some skirmishcrs thrown out, who

northern slope of the Balkans, near Ork— reported a body of Turkish infantry in

hanie. The troops destined to reinforce the village, engaged in crossing a deep

his army arrived the same day. and On little stream which

the next the orders Were issued for the thin coating of ice not strong enough to

Those of the Turks who

morning, in intense cold, and in the midst had already passed were drawn up in

of a dense impenetrable fog of parthh‘s line on the opposite bank, and as the (loss

of ice, we set out to cross the Balkans. sucks

The troops found almost insuperable ob- through a narrow street they were at a

staclcs in dragging their guns up the considerable





bed while he took the mud floor.

1 left my generous host early the next





advance. The following day, Christmas





bear our horses.





The brigade was bivouacked in one of

the blasts of the storm, and waiting. half the little'Villages of the Sophia plain when I

joined it just at daylight a day or two

The village was wrapped





only approach the ford





disadvantage,





steep. icy Slope of the narrow road which that their object was merely a reconnai-





had been made over the mountain to en- s





ance, and nothing was to be gained by





able them to turn the position of the losing forty or fifty men. So they only

Turks in their front, The guns had to skirmished with the Turks for half an





be taken apart and dragged piecemeal by hour.

ropes up the mountain and late that eve- the stream,





all the latter being across





they broke into a double-quick





ning, at the time when it was intended on the road to Sophia. The Cossacks put

that more than half of the troops should after them, but the ford was very nar-





have





mountain passes, not a gun had reached were over.

good half—mile, and as soon as the Cos-





the summit.





been at the southern outlets of the row, and it was some time before they





The Turks got a start of a





The position was a precarious one. The sacks came near them they stopped long

troops were spread over an immense enough to give them a warm fire and then





length and there was the greatest danger 1-3





that the movement would be revealed to





Then the Cossacks tried to go around





the Turks and might be wholly aborteo and get ahead of them, but the deep soft





by flank attacks as the isolated detach-





the fields made their progress





merits should reach the southern valleys. slower than that of the Turks. So they





At nightfall General Gourko reached the merely kep

summit and lay down in the snow for a four miles,





t up the chase for three or

until they came to the main





little rest, thoroughly harrassed by the high road at a point where it crossed a

anxieties of the moment. It was one of considerable stream about three miles in

those critical periods when success or front of Sophia. The Turks got safely

failure hang in the balance, and the gen- across the bridge and then we were salut-

éral’s impatience knew no bounds as suc- ed by a fine rattling fusillade extending

cessive reports came to him of the dim- over a length of about a quarter of a mile

culties and delays which the different col- of the opposite bank of the stream. and

umns met with. After admiringthe mag- we saw a regiment or more‘Of Tcherkessel

nificent view which was disclosed from deploy on the opposite bank. Here we

the top of the mountain, at the base or were in full sight of the town, and the





They come from the





Caucasian type—ruddy

dark hair and eyes, short





ex-

The





I’found the but of





was covered with a





considering





   





officers had: a good opportunity to sketch'

the, position; of? the fortifications. The

Cossacks fell back to about 1,200 yards.

and sat there exchanging shots for nearly

an hour. While with our glasses we could

plainly see many a Turk knocked out of

his saddle by our Berdans, not a man on

the Russian side was hit, and not a bullet

was heard to whistle.



A week later another skirmish took

place in the same locality. This time it

was the main body of Gourko’s troops

forcing their way to Sophia; they met

with resistance at this same bridge, and a.

smart skirmish took place, lasting about

an hour, costing the Russians fifty or

sixty men. On this occasion I was with

General Gourko's staff, and we stood

watching the fight on a tumulus about

three hundred yards in rear of the place

where I had been before; this time the

bullets flew fast and thick, and a few

horses in our troop were wounded; but

now it was Turkish infantry opposed to

us armed with rifles which carried with

deadly effect to 2,000 yards.



As the sun began to go down the Cos-

sacks gradually withdrew, having gained

as much information as was possible with

their force. Along the road were the evi-

dences of an affair in which these same

troops had been engaged a few days be-

fore, and which were more to their taste

than today's gentle skirmishing. Pieces

of broken wagons. dead horses, immense

stains of blood in the snow, men with

their heads split open, these were the

marks of an attack on a transport train

guarded by a company of infantry, evary

man of which had been cut down. And

yet so strange are the anomalies of semi-

civilized nature that at the end of that

affair an infant, not over six months old,

which was found deserted among the

debris, ‘was picked up, wrapped in a big

cloak, tenderly cared for during the night.

and the next day carried back on horse.

thirty miles over the mountains to

the nearest hospital, and there delivered

to the Sisters of Charity of the Red Cross,

by whom it was taken in charge and sent

to Russia for adoption. The picture of the

rough Cossack carrying this child, laugh-

ing in his face, on the pommel of his sad-

dle through the snow was a most at-

tractive one; and yet the same man,

without a moment's hesitation, would pull

out his sword and hack off the head of

the child's wounded father, lying on the

ground and begging for mercy; and, while

enjoying the zest of it at the moment,

would forget all about it the next day.



While this reconnaissance had been go-

ing on, the main body of_ the troops were

still tugging painfully at their guns on

the mountain range. It was six days be-

fore they had pulled them up on one side,

slid them dowu the other, put them to-

gether, mounted them on their wheels'and

turned them over to the horses for

draught. Finally all the troops were as-

sembled in the valleys on the southern

side and an attack was made on Taskos-

senon, the last day of the year, the posi-

tion which the Turks had taken up by

throwing back their left flank to oppose

the Russian advance against their rear.

The troops made a short but good defense,

keeping it up until a dense fog settled

just before sunset and prevented Gour-

ko's getting in the rear of the main Turk-

ish army and bagging it entire. It was a.

pretty fight to look at. The Turks had a.

good position along a pass in the spur of

the mountain through which the road

ran. They were on high ground, and the

Russians had to advance through an open

valley. In frOnt of them, directly opposite

to the Turkish position and about two

miles from it, was a high spur 'on which

we were situated and from which every

movement of the battle could be seen

with perfect clearness.



It was a very hazy morning when the

great mass of Turkish horse, foot and

field guns swooped down on our position;

8,000 of their cavalry seized the heights

north of the wide, long valley in front of

the Rusgians, while another division came

driving along the heights to the south of

the valley and playing the very mischief

until they ran foul of two divisions of

Cossacks. By six o'clock the high crest

behind the Cossack cavalry was covered

with Russian officers and generals who had

heard the sound of battle over in the val-

ley and had mounted in hot haste to see

what was going on. Presently General

Gourko himself appeared and gave a Cos-

sack ofi‘lcer orders to move to the support

of the advanced division of the Cossack

cavalry. Away they went. They opened

out to pass a little vineyard and then

heading for the valley‘rode out on the

rolling, open prairie, and were soon well

over in what was called the south valley,

with a low ridge separating them from

the north valley where, at this very mo-





. Z? JW 13. mt ‘





meat, their comrades @631 tin. smut





brigade we‘re placed,~ in: pod“ it “the

western enigma in run view ot'mt they

could not eeeat all—a dense mass of Tut‘-

kiSh cavalry, eight' or. ten thousand of

them at least, in their peculiar caps and

heavy gray coats. ,



A Russian light battery had trotted out

and unlimbered. The moment it caught

sight of those gray masses a few shells

were sent right over the heads of the

Cossacks. No sooner had the Turkish

leader found himself under the fire of the

guns than he swung the whole mass di-

rectly in front of the brigade of Cossacks

which did not number more than three

hundred. The Turkish cavalry moved

steadily up the valley slope beyond which

the Cossacks were starting downward,

and the next thing the Cossacks knew the

whole ridge to the left was alive with the

banners of the Turkish cavalry; and then,

in magnificent order, solid, massive, six-

teen deep, those great battallions of

Turkish horse came surging over the crest

and dowu the gentle slope directly at the

slender column of Cossacks.



If the Turks had suddenly sounded the

gallop and charged they w0uld have come

thundering down that broad, open track,

an avalanche of resistless force, and by

sheer weight, and without striking a blow,

could have swept the brave little Cossacks

from the field. They were just about.

twenty to one, and how many more there

might be behind the low ridge 3. quarter

of a mile away the leader of the Cossacks

never stopped to ask. Seeing the pre—

ponderance against them, Cossacks would

have been justified in wheeling to the

right and scampering under the shelter

of the guns, where at this moment Gourko

and all his officers sat, mad with anxiety

as to the probable fate of the little brigade

of Cossacks. Everybody expected to see

them scurry off to the right but like a

bulldog they whirled to the left and flew

straight at the throat of the foe. The

instant the Turkish leader saw it he

proved his incompetence by' sounding

“Halt!" and then, as though utterly

aghast at the nerve and pluck of those

little Cossacks, he sat in the saddle, ir-

resolute, wondering what to do next. The

Turkish horse batteries, with more caval-

ry, were popping up on that crest, but if

there had been a million inside of 'a min—

ute it wouldn’t have checked the Cossacks

now. Upon the heights mcnnheld their

breath and watched in amaa‘éiment, yet

thrilled with admiration and .‘delight. In

front of them sat the Turks, stolid, al-

most _stupefied, as with a savage yell the

Cossacks went dashing up the slope.



No time to think now! A splendid look—

ing officer—the colonel, probably—sat in

front of the Turkish center. ' His last act

in life was a furious cut at the Cossack

leader, which did no harm, for the Cos-

sack’s lance transfixed him and whirled

him dead under the horses’ hoofs. The

next instant the Cossacks had shot deep

into the Turkish mass, and now, wedged

in solidly on every side. were battling for

their lives. And then there arose a din

over which no orders could be heard—the

clang of steel, the rattle of fierce blows,

the wild shouts of the combatants, the

neigh and scream of terrified horses. Doz-

ens of the Turk riders, terrified at the

vim and fury of the Cossacks, slipped

from their saddles and took refuge under

the horses. Others fought and prodded

the best they knew how. Three or four

hundred Cossacks, charging seven or eight

thousand uphill, was something never be-

fore heard of. The foremost horses of the

Turks backed against those in the rear.

The Cossacks were by this time so far in

the heaving mass as to be beyond help of

any kind, and there was no telling how

things might have ended, when, with re-





sounding cheers, the second squadron of





Cossacks went dashing in on the Turkish

right. Then_ to the enthusiastic delight

of the spectators on the heights, after ten

minutes of the most exhausting fighting.

the whole Turkish mass began heaving

backward uphill, and then dribbled, frit—

tered and clattered away in squads and

bevies whither their'handful of conquer-

ors were too breathless and exhausted to

pursue.



The supposed impassable Balkan line

had been passed in the depth of winter

and the Turks were in full retreat. Short

dispatches were at once written and sent

with utmost speed to be delivered into

the emperor’s own hands at St. Peters«

burg. . .



Pursuit was impossible and the‘ scat-

tered Turks went their way unmolested

until ~they reached the shores of the sea

where they were picked up by the ships

of the Turkish navy and transported to

Constantinople. On the slst of January

the armistice was signed which put-an

end to active operations. 5





 

 

 

 





 





rug ___._-A_a - ..





“5" m. “—fi‘d— .
z

t





 





*er 16, 1910.1 _

' HAYlhlesTlME.





 





. BY ONEY FRED SWEET.

They’re all out there in the big west field;

Pa. and the boys and the hired man,

And the summer sun is a-shining down



With another tinge for their burn and





, tan. '

Machine’s a-hum with the cricket’s chirp,





 





While the green sea falls into heaps of

gray;



Oh, it’s good and hot, but it’s good to be—



Out on the farm where they‘re making

hay.





In youthful days I carried the jug

Of water, cool, to the field below.



The berries grew in the meadow grass

Close by the trail that they used to





mow.

And sw'eet the song that the Skylark

sang;

And the clover blooms—oh how fra-

grant they;

Say, my heart’s out. there if I cannot





 





MICHIGAN’S FIRST CONSOLIDATED

SCHOOL,

(Continued from page 43).

year several forms of manual training

and music were introduced, which proved

popular from the start.



At present there are employed seven

regular and two special teachers, and 252

pupils are enrolled. The course of study

has been a growth, intended to meet the

needs of the community, and stands in

close relation to the heme.



Course of Study.



The following is a brief outline of the

course of study which will go into effect

at the beginning of next year:





Required. Electives.



, , 4 Eighth Grade.

English. German.

Arithmetic. Manual training.

Algebra, one-half Machine sewing.





year.



U. S. History and

Michigan Civics,

one-half year.



Ninth Grade.





 





wa sultry,





'Out on the farm where they’re making

ay.





/





Once I remember a storm came up—





A big black cloud in the distant west.

hushed, and how thrilling





’twas _

When we all plunged in Just to do our





bes

And make the hay ere the raindrops fell!





THE > MicHiGAN FARMER;





be—





Now wouldn’t mind, could I get away,

To walk barefoot in the stub-ble’s pain——

Outhon the farm where they’re making



. ay.





Yes, hot the town when it‘s mid-July,

The slaves of office, and shop, and mart.

Now gaslp and sigh for the fresh and

coo

That the city walls have so set apart.

But I know a place where the prairie air

Blows ’cross the clever from far away.





\thre it's good and hot, but it's good

to be—

Out on the farm where they’re making





hay.





 





is so organized as to form a foundation

for the high school course. ‘Whittling,

stenciling, weaving, basketry, free hand

and mechanical drawing, and the various

forms of nature study are given the at

tention their‘importance deserves.





Play for a purpose is encouraged, and

stimulating games prove helpful in arous-

ing interest and securing good fellowship

among the pupils.



It will be noticed that elementary agri—

culture is made a branch of study in the

curriculum. The subject of agriculture

has come to be rated with other sciences

as a teachable subject, and the import-

ance of agricultural education in the

rural schools has come to be acknowledged

by all classes of school men and citizens

who have made the matter a study.



Transportation is accomplished by

means of three covered wagons and the

interurban railroad. No inconvenience

greater than the ordinary has been met

with. The writer well remembers the





English. German. daily trip through the cold and storm

Algebra. _ Agriculture and three-quarters of a mile to School, and

AnCIent hlsmry' Dolfietgtrig‘ training feels quite confident that the hardships

(girls), making: endured by the pupils getting to and from

dressmaking. our school in covered wagons is not to bo

. Tenth Grade. compared with the trials of those olden

£33322: one-halt giggillture, horti- times. I' remember distinctly the frozen

year. culture, crops. ears and numb feet, and clothes often

Med. and modern Domestic training. saturated with rain; then, too, I have

Pllfybsiglggy one- often wondered if parents knew of one—

half year. half the immoral conduct on the road to

Eleventh Grade. and from school. I have always been

gflgnsh ty kziiigulture glad that the old road cannot tell of the

ane geome 1‘ - ' _ happenings.

Physms. Domestic tralnmg. I am permitted, through the courtesy of

English. , Twelfth (figfigf' Prof. Ernest Burnham, to copy from his

sand geometry, Chemistry, very valuable pamphlet, “Rural School

one-half year. Agriculture. ' Efficiency," the following which gives an

Arfitrlltfn‘ft‘acv one- Domestic training. idea. of the comparative cost of education

Hisétlor;e 231d gov- under the two systems:

ernment. The most elaborate consolidation which





In addition to the above, instruction is

and was made in 1906 in Comstoek township,





given in music, art, rhetoricals





ethics.





The course of study in the grades





has thus far taken place in Michigan,





where four whole districts and parts of





two others were united. The Comstoek

consolidated school is one of the best of

the graded schools of the county. Twelve.

grades of work are done and instruction

is given in domestic art, manual training,

drawing and music. Library, laboratory

and class room facilities are being ac»

cumulated and the service rendered by the

school is constantly improving. Trans-

portation of pupils is by three large car-

ryalls and no serious obstacles haVe been

found to the orderly administration of the





school.





Facts in detail about consolidation of





schools in the county since 1900 may be

found in the appended tabular statement:





 





 

 





(9*) ' 45



this computation were taken from the

inspector’s report on file in the office of

the county clerk. The reports were the

oflicial ones for the year 1908 and 1909,

and are as follows: ,





Comstoek, per capita . . . .. . . .. .. $24.20

Riehland, per capita ........... . .. 54.50

Galesburg, per capita ....... .. ..... 24.03

Alamo, per capita ...... . ....... ..._.. 39.00

Schoolcraft, per capita ........ 30.60

Vicksburg, per capita .............. 27.03

Augusta, per capita ................ 33.70





It will be noticed that these schools are

all in this county, are considered among

the best schools of the state, and all man-

aged by good school men. If I am rightly

informed only one of these schools offers





 





‘5 8' ' «3 .

«v o c: I” 8 ‘5

'. E ,1 5—. _ a.

_, a) ... bog _; a.) m 9-: +4 :3: ‘

DISTRICT. 3 3’, 3 $3 a . 8 g g}, Q 8 >4

,2: : ’~ 58 3 ”is 63 a 5 5 d

o J) C V H 2 0 O z, 0 "3 B

(LU ill 4:4 All) EV 0:21 a

No. 1 fr. Comstoek (1906) 129 76 55 9 $315-300 $946

NO. 5 Comstoek ................... 25 23 18 8 "24 264

No. 9 Comstoek .................. 18 9 8 9 258 316 ‘

N0. 15 fr. Comstoek ............... 44 19 14 9 270 -322 l

No. 2 Comstoek (1/3) .............. 13 4 3 8 112 163

NO. 6 Comstoek (1—5) ............. 4 2 2 7 35 43

Total ........................... 233 132 110 Av. 8%; $1,514 $2,054 Av. .0024

Consolidated District (1907) .. . . . . .264 197 141 9 $1,907 $3.689 .0032

Consolidated Disti‘iCt (1008) . . . . . . .296 206 189 9 2.425 $4,361 .0041

N0. 2 Cooper (1901) ................ 35 30 27 9 $315 $407

No. 3 Cooper ...................... 20 15 11 8 148 171

Total ........................... 55 4;" 38 Av. 81/2 $463 $578 Av. .0013

Consolidated District (1907) ...... 59 55 51 9 $405 $578 .001





 





 





An analysis of the above figures reveals

several interesting facts: First. it shows

that but 56. per cent of the children on

the census list attended school before

consolidation and 70 per cent after the

consolidation, a gain of 13.4 per cent.

Secondly, the average attendance before

consolidation was 83.3, while after the

consolidation, it was 91.7 per cent, a sub-

stantial gain.



In dollars and cents, the facts should not

be overlooked. It will be noticed that the

school year in the first case was only

eight and one-third months; the cost





courses in domestic science or domestic

art; one offers courses in music; one in

manual training, and one in agriculture,

which will be taught next year.



Some of the Results.



1 think our cxpcricnce .warrants me in

giving, as some of the advantages of con-

solidation, the following:



Raising the average attendance and the

ag at which children leave school, mak-

ing more years of home life, larger classes

and better teachers and, as a result, bet-

ter school spirit, better sanitary condi-

tions, less exposure to bad weather, good





 





 





 





 





.» ~ IN ,.





Teaching the C





per capita for this





$20.15 for a nine-month year. The





was $19.00, and for the second year $23.07.





Now what have We to show for these

For $20.15 each, our

pupils have had the advantage of the

corner of the

road, with little or no apparatus, no in-

or any

the $23.07





respective amounts?

little schoolhouse in the





struction in music, art, sewing,

high school branches, while

paid for a full high school, with music

sewing, art, good

and janitor,

$6,000 debt.





In regard to the cost per capita, the

items for





following is suggestive. The





time was $18.67, or

cost

for the first year of consolidated schools





laboratory equipment

together with interest on a





olt a New Trick.





library and laboratory facilities, a better

social condition, making it possible to

teach agriculture and home making.



It brings about a better social condi-

tion. Pupils meet together in a large

group, and the half gulf between the city

boy and the country boy is eliminated.

Loitering by the wayside and listening to

bad language is avoided. Teaching cul-

tural subjects is made possible, thereby

securing a happier and better rural home,

with happier and better citizens in it.





 





 





indebted to indus-

the gods set up

and industry is





Mankind are more

try than to ingenuity;

their favors at a price,

the purchaser.-Addison,





 





 





 





Three of the Five Rural





 





 





School Houses in Kalamazoo C0unty which were Abandoned in





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





the Interests of Consolidation.
, 1 zen ,

You. -

Think





Of the pain which many women experi-

ence with every month it makes the gen-

tleness and kindness always associated

with womanhood seem to be almost a

miracle. While in general no wbman

rebels against what she regards as a

natural necessity there is no woman who

would not gladly be free from this recur-

ring perlod of pain.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Dr. Pierce’e Favofi

ite Pre scription

makes weaker/omen

strong and s to k

are men we", and

gives them freedom

from pain. It estab-

lishes regularity,

oubdues Inflamma-





tion, heats ulcere- .-

tion and cures fe-





male weakness. f





Sick women are invited to consult Dr.

Pierce by letter, FREE. All correspond-

ence strictly private and sacredly confi-

dential. Write without fear and without

fee to World's Dispensary Medical Asso-

ciation, R. V. Pierce, M. 0., President.

Buffalo, N. Y.





if you want a book that tells all about

woman’s diseases, and how to cure them

at home, send 21 one-cent stamps to Dr.

Pierce to pay cost of mailing ONLY,

and he will send you A FREE copy of

his great thousand-page illustrated Com-'

mon Sense Medical Adviser—revised, up-

to-date edition, in paper covers. In hand-

some cloth binding, 31 stamps.





 





 





 





 





 





 





My Auto-Seat

Buggy Saves $26.50





SEND me your name on a postal

and I'll pay the postage to you.

to prove how to save $26.50 and up

on any Split Hickory Vehicle of over





125 Styles Shown In My

FREE BOOK





All my vehicles made-to-order—

sold direct. on 30 Days’ Road Test.

’ 2 Y e a r s ' "

Guarantee. Book shows

astonishingly low prices.

Also photos in colors.

Also Harness. Write



II. c. Phelps. Free.

The Ohio carriage lug. co.

Sta. 32, Columbus. 0.





 





 

 

 

 





 

   

 





; ,fzeagég -;;_:n

49,; r l\ 4

«added





   

 

 





   





 





DAY FLY KILLER 333...“: mint?





Neat. clean. ornamen.





 

   

   





 





 

 

 

 





‘1‘“; :he“ ;.-".: tal. convenient, cheap,



". 3‘1 $02; ‘w'fl'; Lasts all season.



, ’ “ ‘.g¢=‘\‘\ [I - Made of metal. cannot



.. _\\lI’/’ I“\\:@“‘ spillortip over,will not



’ . 5 ‘3“ 34/14‘\\ :9” or iniuge anything.



‘ 49 "' ~_ .uarantee e ccl've.



‘1 \“W/ [”6“ IiF/fi: "-‘,"= R or all dealers or sent

,'; z = H’J"\\f ?" - prepaid for 20 cents.



£,.7/;‘.’\\‘;.~__7/”'\$, ~ , >1“ 1 HAROLD some)“

7713' _. . us. .i w 2 150 DsKalb Ave.

’ ’ ‘ “ mint.





 





Every Farmer Needs One

NEEDS WHAT?





A Combination Tool of course.





We have a few on hand. and while

they last we are going to sell them for

60¢ EACH ”:53?



It contains 10 finely tempered steel

tools which are invaluable for every

day use: Screw Driver, Chisel, Gouge,

Bit, Tack Puller and 5 other tools.

This practical combination tool sent

you postage paid for only 600. Send

all orders to

THE MICHIGAN FARMER. Detroit.





   





aoasvvs KITTENS.





Br nos 0. .ss'rns warm.

‘Grsndma, see my kitties!"

The little fellow said.

”I just gave them some nice, new milk,

And now they're going to bed."





I looked and saw two fluffy balls

As near alike as pins,



“Dear Robby boy,” I asked him then,

“Do tell me, are theytwins?"





 





He laid them both into my lap .

With many hugs and pats,



And said, in a slightly pitying tone,

“Why, Grandma, they’re just cats!"





A BIRD HUNT.





 





BY 2. I. DAVIS.



“Miss Blakely, I hope that you will

give the Crampton bOys a good talk on

showing kindness to birds and animals.

They do not seem to have any feeling or

mercy toward the lower creatures. and

are as cruel as they can be to only living





thing that falls into their hands," said

Joseph De Forest to his teacher.

“I am very sorry.‘ she replied. “for





they always sccm so quiet and studious.

But I must have positive proof, you know,





. before I can say much to them. We are





“The body ism yet," . replied.

quickly cutting the cord that bound its

feet to the bush, “See! it. is alive, but.





faint and week from its struggles to '





freedom." she added. ‘



Opening the lunch bag, Nellie drew out

a flask of milk and gently poured some

down the bird’s throat. Slowly it opened

its eyes and then eagerly drank some milk

from the spoon that its kind friends held

near it. In a little while it was able to

hop- about. As soon as _it could find a

fat worm it flew up to its hungry bird-

lings with it.



“What is under that box. with a stone

on it?" aSked Nellie pointing to the

ground beneath the thorn bush.



”That is the first that I haNe noticed

it." Mattie replied, as she drew the box

from beneath the stone. Overturning I.

there crouched papa robin. almost suffo-

cated for want of air. “If the sides of

the box had not been bulged he would

not have been alive," said Mattie, as she

treated him to milk. She soon had the

joy of seeing him fly up in the tree to

the nest.



“Let us have our lunch," said Nellie as





to have an essay on birds next week, and ethey sat down on a hickory log and placed





that may awaken their interest in friends

and feathers."



“Come on with me to hunt birds' eggs,”

called Mattie Gray to her schoolmate,

Nellie 'Win, one bright morning in May.



“My mamma told me not to rob birds’

nests,” replied Nellie gravely.



“As if I would do such a thing as

that." exclaimed Mattie in a reproachful

tone. “See my new camera?" she con-

tinued, as she proudly exhibited the high-

ly polished instrument. “It is my birth-

day present," she added. “and that is the

only gun I am going to shoot the birds

with.” '



“Wait a minute," said Nellie. “and I

will see if mamma will let me go with





you.” In a few minutes she returned,

carrying a paper bag. “I can go,” she

said, “and here is lunch for us both."





Then the two girls began to talk of their

lessons as thcy started toward the green

woods that flanked the town.



“Next Wednesday." Mattie began, “we

are to have our essays. My subject is

birds, and I thought it would be nice to

secure my information at first hand."



“That reminds me," said Nellie, “that

I am to write about wild flowers. This

will be a good time to gather the ma-

terial.”



As they cntercd the woods each onc

began to look about for whatever would

add interest to her subject. -



“Just look what I have found,” cried

Nellie in an excited voice. “Here is the

most beautiful bunch of lady slippers that

I ever saw. See what a rich satin hue

their creamy petals are. I must have

them all, root and branch.”



“Do come quick.” called Mattie. “Here

is the queercst looking bird’s egg that

you ever saw. It is very large and light

gray, motllt-d with brown spots. I won—

der what kind of a bird laid that egg?

It is here on the ground surrounded by a

few picccs of sticks. How do you sup-

pose it came to be here?"



"That is a whip-poor—will‘s nest," ex—

plained Nelle, coming to examine the egg

more closely when shc had marked the

bunch of lady slippers. After making a

note of the name, the girls proceeded to

new conquests.



“I have found a humming bird‘s nest

at last." exclaimed Mattie in a tone of

cxultation.



“Is it not :1 dear." laughed the girls,

looking at the tiny birdlings' cradle where

it was securely fostcncd to the swaying

maple bough. Thc discovcrcr jottcd down

her observations on the cunning Skill with

which the bits of moss and straw were

woven together. The inside was lined

with the softest down from the mother

bird’s breast. A wce form that seemed

to have nothing but mouth and eyes rc-

Warded thcir scorch by opening its bill

as widely as possiblc at their approach.

An egg, the sizc of a pca was beside the





baby humming bird. It was not easy to

photograph thc ncst and its interesting

occupants, but Mattie finally succeeded





with Nellic‘s help.



The next nest that they found was that

of a. robin. Thcrc were three lusty fledg-

lings crying loudly for something to eat.

One bright, shiny egg remained in the

nest to be hatched. “The mother bird

must be somewhere near." said Mattie

eagerly looking up in the overhanging

branches.



“0 how could anyone be so cruel?" ex-

claimed Nellie as she bent over ‘some un-

derbrush. “Here is its poor, limp body

hanging by its feet from this thorn bush,"

and the hot tears chased themselves down





 





the girl‘s flushed checks.





a spread between them. The chicken

sandwiches and jelly rolls were just nicely

placed in order when the Crampton boys

came along.



“Did you catch these robins?" asked

the girls in a breath. .



The boys nodded. “Who did you think

would feed the little ones? We need ev-

ery robin for they destroy harmful ln-

sects. There is a. fine for killing song

birds and we will report you to the game

warden if you torture any more," said

Mattie.



After a delightful time in the woods

gathering trophies, the girls returned

home. They found their teacher and re-

ported the Crampton boys. After that

the boys never harmed any more birds.





KINKS:





Kink l.-—-Botanical What-ls-lt?





g.





:—-_i/ ‘\‘Z





 





 





 





 





The plant

is one commonly found in moist ground





represented by this picture





in May and June. It grows 4 to 12 inches

tall. and has very small yellow blossoms.

Give its common name, its specific and

generic names, and the family to which

it belongs.



Kink lI.—Enigma.



My first (1. 2, 3) is something which one

does 0\ cry day if he is my second (i, 5, 6,

7). which is an adjective. My second fur-

nishes the ability or means to perform

my first, but my whole (1, 2. 3, 4, 5, 6. 7)

is a uccessary condition. My 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

is the pmper place to perform my first.



Prizes for Straightening Klnks.—To the

sender of each of the tcn ncatest correct

answers to all of the above Kinks, we will

give choice of a package or 50 postcards

of general interest. a nice leather purse,

or a copy of the Everyday Memorandum

cook book. Where contestant or some

member of his family is not a regular

subscriber a year's subscription (750)

must accompany answers. Answers must

not reach us later than Aug. 13, as cor-

rect solutions will be published in issue

of Aug. 20. Address answers to the puzzle

Department, Michigan Farmer.



Answers to June 18 Kinks.



Kink l.——Some Horses.—1. Horsepower.

2. Horse sense. 3. Horse—play.

Horseradish. 5. Horse-nettle. 6. Saw-

horse or horse-pistol. 7. Horse jockey,





horse men or race horse. 8. Clothes-

horse. 9. Horse-chestnut. 10. Horse-

fly. 11. Horsewhip. 12. Nightmare. 13.





Iron horse. l4. High-horse.



Kink ll.——Drove of Oxen.—l. Oxford.

2. Oxygen. 3. Orthodox. 4. Fox. 5.

Equinox. 6. Oxalic. 7. Paradox. 8.

Box. 9. Oxbane. 10. Coxcomb.



Kink lll.—-Word Square.



F M





No Prizes Awarded.

None of the sets of solutions to Kinks

of June 18 proving entirely correct no

awards are made.





 





In an instant Mattie was by her side.





 





_ TURN OVER rm ‘





When 14...... um About the Food.





 





. Whm there's no relish to any food and

all that one eats doesn’t seem to do any

good therr is the time to make a turn

over in the diet, fox-"that’s Nature's way

of dropping a hint that the food isn’t the

kind required. c

“Fcr a number of years I followed

railroad work, much of, it being office

work of a trying nature. Meal times were

our busiest and eating too much and too

quickly of food such as is commonly

served in hotels and restaurants, these

together with the sedentary habits were

not long in giving me dyspepsia and

stomach trouble which reduced my weight '

from 205 to 160 pounds.

"There was little relish in any food and

none of it seemed to do me any good. It

seemed the more I ate the poorer I got

and was always hungry before another

meal, no matter how much I had eaten.

“Then I commenced a fair trial of

Grape-Nuts food, and was surprised how

a small saucer of it would carry me

along, strong and with satisfied appetite.

until the next meal, with no sensations of

hunger, weakness or distress as before.

“I have been following this diet now

for several months and my improvement

has been so great all the others in my

family have taken up the use of Grape-

Nuts with complete satisfaction and much

improvement in health and brain power.

“American people undoubtedly eat hur-

riedly, have lots of worry, thus hindering

digestion and therefore need a food that

is predlgested and concentrated in nour-

ishment."



Read “The Road to Wellville." in pkgs.

“There’s a Reason."





Ever read the shove letter? A

new one appears from time to

time. They are genuine. true.

and full of human interest.





 





means skin beauty.



Blotches, roughness,



itching humors and



unsightly eruptions are



mortifyin -—-and needless.



Heiske l’s Medicinal



Soap keeps the pore: of the



skin 0pm and clean. This allows natural



secretions to pass off instead of forming



black heads, pimples and roughness, as



is the case if the pores are clogged. The

"'3, use of Heiskell’s Medicinal Soap





 





gives a velvety skin and the glow

of health. Remember this and ask

your druggist for





HEISKELL’S





Medicinal Toilet Soap





Heiskell's Ointment Cures skin ailments

of long standing—eczema, tetter rash,

milk crust and similar troubles. Helskell's

blood and liver pills give action to a torpid

liver.



JOHNSTON. HOLLOWAY & CO.

531 Commerce so. Philadelphia. Pa.





 





 





 





 





 





Genasco





Ready Roofing

Made of Trinidad Lake asphalt—the

greatest weather-resister knovm.

Write for the Good Roof Guide Book. and

samples. Ask any live dealer for Genasco.

Ask also for the Kant-leak Kleet-the securest

fastening to apply it with.

E BARBER ASPHALT

PAVING COMPANY I





Largest producers of asphalt. and largest

manufacturers of ready roofing in the world.





PHILADELPHIA ‘

New York San Francisco Chicago

Cress-section, Genssco Smooth-surface Roofing





Trinidad Lake Asphalt

E: Asphalt-saturated Wool Felt

Trinidad Lake Asphalt





YOUNG MEN Wamb— To learn the

Veterinary Profession. Catalogue sent

free. Address VETERINARY COLLEGE, '





   

 





n

II

III





 





 





 





 





 





LEARN AUCTIONEERING .





AND BE INDEPENDENT.

Summer term JONES NAT’L. SCHOOL opens

July 25th. (Five weeks) No age limited. Catalog

will interest you. Address CAREY M. JONES

Pres. 2856 Washington Boulevard. Chicago. Ill ;





Lei its Start You in Business!





I will furnish the advertising,matter and the plans.

I want one sincere. earnest man in every town and

township. Farmers. Mechanics, Builders, Small

business man. anyone anxious to lm rove his con-

dition. Address Commercial Democracy, Dept. 30, lyrla, Ohio.





Wanted—Agents to sell Farmers' Account Book.

Qul 3k sellers. biz inducements. e'cluslve terri-

. tory. Address L. L. SYPHERS. Ft. Wayne. Ind.





 





 





 





Grand harmonica. 42 LOUIS STREET. A.“





 

   





 





 





n.





v
th‘k' _





“





 





 





4‘





137:!





V





 





 

 





.49 ,HER’lVEEDS, ,





 





 





Do YOU WANT TO DO SOME GOOD?





Here’s An





Easy Way.~





 





city ever stand this weather?”



How many times the country

woman thinks this as she looks at her

own healthy brood. “I wish I could do

something for them. If I only knew how

to go about it I’d have one or two of

them out here for a breathing spell.”



It is women with these kindly thoughts

for the city poor that the Michigan Fresh

Air society wants to find. If you want to

help a poor child to a. bit of summer va-

cation write the secretary of the society,

Mr. James B. Williams, at 69 Lafayette

Boulevard, Detroit, and tell him so. He

will do the rest.



In writing, send some reference as to

your own character and responsibility,

the name of the minister, or school teach-

er or banker in your' community who

knows you and can vouch for you. In re-

turn they agree to send you a child who

is clean, properly fed, and free from con-r

tagious diseases. They pay railroad fare,

and only ask you to see that the child

gets plenty of plain food, fresh air and

pure water while he or she is with you.



If you have children of your own, say

so. if not, tell them that. In this way

they can use greater care in sending the

child out, and take pains not to send one

whose influence they know will.be bad

over your child. Of course, even with

this precaution they can not guarantee to

send a child who has no bad habits, but

you are expected to see that the child

behaves while in your charge, and to take

sane measures to make him do so.



The Michigan Fresh Air Society has

been working since 1894. It was re-in-

corporated in 1902 and since then has

scuf‘ 4,000 children to the country. Last

year 350 were cared for; this year they

want to double the number. The society

iskhacked by 30 or 40 charitable people,

RAND” EMBROIDERY on BRAIDING

dRNAMEN'r' some SMART BELTS.

'4)’ 0‘4; ~





HOW do these poor children in the





 





‘3? man Y. MAHAFFY.



. To select a belt this season is, indeed,

quite a problem, for the shops are sup-

plied generously with a vast range of

styles and colors. If one wishes a belt

to go with any particular suit it is usu-

ally best to make it of the same material,

but this is not always possible, and es-

pecially is it out of the question for those

who depend upon the ready-to-wcar gar-

ments, since very few of these have belts

in separate form.



For the linen or other wash fabrics, if

the same material is unobtainable the

regulation cotton belting is good, and can

be secured in white and decorated in the

same or a color to suit one’s fancy. For

the woolen suits it is generally possible

to secure silk b‘elting of the desired shade;

if not, a wide braid can often be made

to answer. Any of these may be orna-

mented in embroidery or braid or cord.

Open forms of embroidery are not satis-

factory, but any of the solid styles are

permissible. Some of the wash fabrics

are readily worked in eyelets or cut work,

however, even though the belting is not,

so that there is always a large selection.



In the illustrations, simple effects are

chosen, since these are more readily fol—

lowed by the average worker without a

pattern. The first shows a braiding de-

sign, which may be carried out in the

soutache, a cord, or in outline stitch in

heavy floss. The second design is of both

braid and embroidery, the outline portions

being in the braid or cord, and the ovals

in solid satin stitch,



Number three has rings, interlocked,

enclosing half moon shapes, from which

straight lines run to other half moons.

The rings and lines should be worked

over and over, and the half moons solid.

If colors are desired for this design use

three of any one color; such as, delft blue,

olive green, old rose, etc. The darkest

shade should be used in the two central

rings; the next lighter in the remaining

rings and lines, and the lightest of all

in the half moons. If each figure is then

outlined in black it will bring out the

colors and give a rich, handsome effect.

Several different colors may also be uti-

lized, as brown, green, red, yellow or

orange, with the black outlines. This is

also true of number four, which should





mostly Detroiters, though some contribu-

tors are outside of the city. 01? these

the member who contributes most is

Siron Kellogg, of Plymouth. George N.

Brady is president of the society, and J.

L. Hudson, treasurer. Members of the

executive committee are Miss Emma

Parker, Mrs. T, S. McGraw, Mrs. Helen

M. Moore, Miss Fay Henry, Miss Bessie

Bennett, Mrs. E. S. Barbour, M. J. Mur-

phy, James B. Williams, secretary, and

Miss M, A. Dupont, assistant secretary.



If you wish to take a child or two, write

directly to the society at the address

given above. Any letter sent to the Mich-

igan Farmer will be turned over to the

society,



“I'd be glad to take one of those chil-

dren, if I only knew they were ail right,”

I hear some say. “But suppose I got

some bad boy or girl out here and had a

lot of trouble with them. If I thought

the society would send me one that was

all right, I would take one for all sum-

mer."



Well, let me ask' you, how good do you

think you would be if you lived under the

same conditions these children exist in?

Do you think dirt, heat, poor food. or

none at all, and evil companionship go to

make model boys and girls? Of course,

some of the children are ‘bad, they don't

know any better, but that is all the more

reason for giving them a chance. Some-

one centuries ago said, ”I come to seek

and to save that which was lost.” And

it is these poor, neglected, perhaps even

wicked boys and girls who most need the

fresh air and wholesome suroundings of

the farm home. Perhaps all they need is

pure air, three square meals a day and

a bath to regenerate them. I’m sure it is

a whole lot easier to be good on a full

stomach, than it is on an empty one.



DEBORAH.





be worked solid, and may or may not be

outlined in black.



The lazy-daisy stitch is easily followed

for number five, or the solid work may be

used. The lazy-daisy stitch is made by

working from the center outward to the

tip of each petal, which is then caught

down by a short stitch right over the tip,

the needle then being brought up at cen-

ter again for the next petal. If this dc-





 

 





 





sign 35 followed an suitable material it

may be wrought in eyelets and out ovals,

or the ovals maybe worked solid with

eyelets in the center of each flower.



Number six is desirable for eyelets

and solid work, 'the petals being solid and

the circles open work. If on material un-

fited for eyelets, the circles may be

Worked solid also.





 





 





A NOVEL VACATION—HOW ONE

MOTHER GOT A REST.





 





BY E. E. J.‘





 





You often hear farmer‘s wives say there

is no rest the whole year round, always

something to do, butter to make, chickens

to feed, and the family to care for, so at

the close of the year there is little to look

back upon but work.



Certainly every one should have a pleas-

ure time during each year when there is

no worry about work and when one can

do as one pleases. It rests and cheers

the blue and disheartened person and

makes her see the bright side of things

again.



Traveling, visiting friends and relatives.

is enjoyment to many but it is» seldom

a great rest, although change of scene

and seeing how other folks live often does

much good towards making the “thank-

ful spot” in our hearts grow. Many of us

cannot travel for crops may be poor and

money scarce but we can all enjoy this

novel vacation I am to tell of. All one

needs is plenty of shade, a good ham-

mock, several sofa cushions, some good

books and a horse and buggy. With these

you can have a truly helpful vacation and

will realize as never before What a com-

fort a farm is.



'Last summer money was very “rare"

in our family and the trip down east and

all the good times we had planned had to

go in another way. At first we all sat

down and scolded, as is the way of most

women, and then we put our heads to-

gether and began to plan how, with a tiny

bit of money, we could have mother take

a good rest. Mother was to have the

vacation for we girls had been teaching

all the year, and doing housework seemed

a desirable change after weeks of school

room confinement. '



One Saturday in July we arranged the

guest room and Saturday night we took

mother and father up there away from

all the noise of the lower floor. Sunday,

mother slept until she was rested, came

down when breakfast was ready and as

soon as the meal was finished went out

to her hammock and read and loungcd.

For two weeks she did this same thing,

keeping away from the kitchen so her

always busy fingers might not find work

to do. Such books as she expressed a





 





 





 





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do a \h fl 9 p a a p

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Belts are Easily Embroidered.





The Above Designs are Consecutively Numbered





from One to Six.





Wish for were brought from the . city

library. ‘ ‘ "



Whenever she felt like driving we

brought the horse to the door. She made

many pleasant calls and took her. old

friends for long drives. One day she

went for a picnic and several days she

and father spent driving through the

country and visiting tl-d iriends whom

they did not often see and talk with.



Mother said at the end of her vacation

that she felt like a. new person. If she-‘

had not had a long trip she had“ at least

had time to do many things one often

leaves for odd moments that never seem

to come. She had forgotten her house-

hold cares for a little, was really and

truly rested and ready for work again

with a lighter heart and less careworn

look.



\Ve all pronounced mother's vacation a

great success and hereafter it is to be an

annual affair in our family.



I hope all the girls when they come to

their homes from college, office or school

teaching and find their mothers tired and

growing old will try this ”Mother's Vaca-

tion" plan and see what changes are

wrought. At the end of two weeks you

will feel paid for getting up at four

o‘clock and having to plan everything,

and you'll also find yourself feeling more

capable than ever before. Try it this

summer and see!





RUNNINa—‘V—VATER lN—Tl’uHE HOME.





“'oman's work in the farm home would

be much easier if there were at all times

a good supply of water at hand. Carrying

pails full of water is hard work for a

woman, and with a water plant a few

minutes” pumping each day would keep

an abundance of water right on hand. I

will mention some of the uses I would

put such a plant to. In tlle first place, I

would have a sink put in my kitchen.

have the wash basin there with a pipe to

carry away the dirty water instead of

having to carry it out in a pail. Half the

work of dish washing would be done away

with, too, for when the meal was over I

would pack the dishes in a pan in the

sink and turn the hot water faucet until-

they were covered, let them stand while

I brushed up the crumbs. then wash them

at the sink, turn the water down the es-

cape pipc, brush and rinse out my sink





and the “awful job" is done. No heavy

pans full of water to lift. .

With running water in the home, I





would turn a bed room into a bathroom,

have a stationary tub and lavitory put

in, and instead of, looking forward to a

lot of work whenever a person wanted to

take a bath, it would be a delight with

everything so convenient, just a couple

of faucets to turn for hot and cold water

and a pipe to carry the water away

afterward.



One of the things I would not have, is

a bad cold after every weekly washday

in winter, for there would be no opening

of doors and running out for water, no

need of going out until the clothes are

all ready for the line. '



If I had running water in my home I

would have a hose attachment and my

flowers would not suffer during a dry

spell, for instead of tiring ourselves out

carrying watcl, it would be a pleasure to

water them with the hose.



Then, mo, in case of fire the hose would

be a blessing indeed. I will tell of an





experience I had with fire that we will

not soon forgot.



One morning during last summer's

drouth, I cariml the ashes from the

kitchen stove and emptied them in the

fruit gardcn, cast of the house. Looking





out some time afterward I was horrified

to see that the tall grass was fiercely

blazing, and the fire spreading in all di-

rections. I was zlloun ill the time and my

heart lcllpcd into my throat. I knew that

unless the lll‘C‘ was put out before it got

into the timber there was no telling what

damage it would do others as well as

ourselves. Thorn is standing timber on all

sides of us and I could _uot expect the

neighbors 10 sec tho trouble until it had

got a big start, so I knew it: Was “up to

me." as the boys say. to put that fire

out. 111 loss than a minute after I saw

the blaze I was runningr to the well with

two pails, but it seemed as if the pump

never worked so slow, and I would spill

part of the water before getting to the

fire. I put out the flames as fast as I

could, but everything was dry as powder

and while I ran back for more water the

fire would get another start. I was nearly

frantic, and it was not until one of the

boys, returning home, hurried to help me

that we got it put out. I myself was

soaked with water and so exhausted I

could hardly stand.



If there had been running water it
\





would have been easy to put the fire out

at the start with the hose, and have

saved the fruit trees, grape vines, bushes,

etc., that were killed by the fire. Their

value would go a long way toward paying

for a water plant.



These are a few of the uses to which I

would put running water in the home and I

think the time will come when an “up-

to-date” farmer will no more think of

having water carried into his home by

;the pail full than he would think of car-

.» rying it to his stock that way.

iWHAT THE‘ COOK SHOULD KNOW



ABOUT BEER—No. 22.





 





BY MRS. ALTA L. LITTELL.



VERYONE needs meat, because

E everyone needs protein and this is



obtained most readily and in its

most digestible form in flesh. And if

everyone needs this sort of food, he

cook who would do her whole duty needs

to know all she can learn about it. First,

in its favor, let her learn that it is more

easily digested than vegetable foods, and

while a pound of bread contains more

nutriment than a pound of beefsteak it

does not do the ordinary man as much

good as the meat, for the latter is more

easily digested and there is less waste

in the body. Of a pound of meat taken

into the human system, 96.7 per cent is

assimilated under ordinary conditions,

while only 94.4 per cent of white bread is

retained and but 88.5 per cent of brown

bread.



Meat is composed of fibrin. albumen,

gelatin, fat, mineral matters and water.

Albumen dissolves in cold water and is

coagulated by hot, so this is why we put

a piece of soup meat into cold water, but

put meat in hot water if we wish to re—

tain the juices in the meat itself. The

albumen becomes solid at 160 degrees;

therefore meat should be cooked at a low

temperature in hot water, and not boiled

madly. Because cold water dissolves the

gelatine, i, 0., takes out the juices, it

should never be left in cold water, nor

washed with a quantity of cold water.

\Vhen it comes from the butcher‘s, rc-

move it from the paper at once, wring a

cloth out of cold watt-r, wipe it clean and

put it away in a cold place until ready

to cook.



The principal meats used are beef, pork,

veal and mutton. Of these beef is the

most nutritious and the greatest favorite

with most people. It is obtained from

steers, oxen and cows, the best being

steer beef. It should be bright red in

color, and the suet should be dry and

crumbly. In purchasing beef it is ab—

solutely essential that the cook should

understand the names of the different

cuts and from what part of the animal

they come, as Well as their comparative

nutritive value. The cuts vary in differ-

ent markets, but the principal divisions

are the same everywhere. “The animal

is first divided by splitting the back bone,

giving rise to the term, a side of beef,

and each side is divided into the flank, or

abdomen, the rump, round, hind—shin,

Which is fine for soup bones and stock,

and the loin and tenderloin, from which

are cut the expensive steaks, sirloin and

porter-house. The forequarter includes

the ribs, neck, rattle rand, brisket and

fore—shin.



Perhaps no cut is a greater favorite

than the porterhouse steak, though if

cooking were a better understood art

this might not be so as this prized piece

of meat contains less nutrition than the

neck and forequarter. But it is tender

and contains a good bit of the tenderloin,

which lies along the back bone, is easily

and quickly cooked and brings a high

price, which has, no doubt, much to do

with its popularity. -It is more tender

than the round because it lies in a part

of the animal where the museles are little

used and consequently are not hardened

and coarsened. But this same disuse

keeps from it nourishing qualities be-

cause the muscles which are most used

contain the greatest amount of nourishing

juices. The tougher 'cuts of meat, if

cooked long and slowly, are more nourish-

ing, though perhaps not so tempting to

the appetite.



For broiling, a porterhouse or sirloin

Steak should always be chosen. The

round is best braised, made into a canne-

lon or into hamburg steak, or used in

stews and beef tea. The flank is corned

or boiled. the rump cut into roasts of

varying degrees of goodness, the. ribs cut

into roasts small steaks and stews, the

neck used in hamburg steal: and the rat-

tlerand and brisket used for corning, The

shins are used in soup. but a good beef

loaf may be made from them by cooking

slowly until tender, then putting the meat



3





:. wflww‘hwdw ...»svmrs'u . aivm‘vguafs“ .





through the food . chopper and forming

into a mold with the juice in which the

meat was boiled. .The gelatine from the

shin will harden and form the loaf. Re-

member in boiling that if gelatin is boiled

too long it will lose its power to solidify

when it is cooled.





 





 





 





SHORT CUTS TO HOUSEKEEPING.





 





This department is opened as a

means of exchange of new and suc-

cessful ideas in homemaking. If you

have learned something in cooking,

sewing, child raising, fancy work,

economy, anything which is helpful,

and now, send it in. Twenty-five

cents will be paid for every article

used, but none will be returned. Keep

your suggestions short.





 





 





 





 





 





 





1 find the sweet skim-milk from the

separator excellent for starchingr turkey

red garments. In cold weather it does

not show on dark colored articles like

frozen starch.——\\'. K. L.



If you are not able to sprinkle the

clothes evenly try punching holes in a

lllaltctl milk or baby food bottle; fill with

warm water and sprinkle. The clothes





me Mme... FARMER ' “ a " ..





 





will be evenly dampened—IE, C. H.



If the salt is mixed with the flour bc-~

fore the milk or water is added, in mak-

ing the, thickening for gravies, etc., it is

easier to prevent lumpiness.~E. L. R, I



Buy several packages of currants at a’

time, and wash altogether, using a colan-

der and as many waters as necessary to

thoroughly cleanse them. Rub in a dry

towel and pick over for grit too large to

go through the colander. Then dry and

put away in fruit jars, or tin coffee cans.

it is very convenient to have them ready

when llCOtlHl, and saves time—J. C. T.



Keep a nail brush, small vegetable

brush, or even a clean old tooth-brushl

near the sink to clean the nails and hands

after mixing bread, cookies or p’e crust.é

—l\I_ M..N.





STYLES FOR EVERYBODY.



This is a season when the styles suit

cvti'ylmdy. If you have a pretty throat

and arms, low neck waists with Dutch

collars and three-quarter length sleeves

are the, thing for you to wear. If your

neck and arms are thin and scrawny,

a high neck waist with full length sleevest

are in exactly as good style.





 





THE MIDDY BLOUSE.





 





For girls of from 12 to 14 years of age

a new style of dress is rather becoming.

The skirt is pleated, and the blouse is as

near like a sweater in style as it can well

be, even to the roll on the bottom. It

hangs from the shoulders to below the

hips, straight and loose, without the sign

of a gather at the waist. A pretty white

suit made in this style had a low neck

with a sailor collar banded in blue, and

the fold about the bottom of the sweater

blouse was of blue. Blue buttons trimmed

skirt and blouse. These suits are be-

coming to growing girls whose lankiness

of form needs concealment, or to younger

children. On the miss, though, they look

decidedly untidy.





A MODISH GINGHAM FROCK.



Seems as though the ginghams were

never so pretty as this summer. Large

plaids, are in high favor, especally in

black and white, though there is such a

diversity of colors anyone can be satisfied.

Little white yokes. and sometimes white

cuffs with frills of lace or pleated muslin

at throat and wrist add to the daintiness

of these drtsscs. A becoming dress,

planned by the proud owner, had a pleat-

ed skirt. The blouse had the inevitable

white yoke, of embroidered muslin, and

cuffs of the same. Three backward turn-

ing pleats at the shoulder in front, and

three forward turning plaits coresponding

with them in the back gave the desired

fullness. The yoke was finished by three

pipings 0f different color, old rose, blue

and white and the same pipings finished

the top of the collar and the belt. The

dress buttoned down the back from the

top of the collar to the bottom of the

placket, with small pearl buttons.





 

 





 





 





 





HUME QUERIES EXCHANGE.





Dear Editorz—Can any of the house-

keepers give a remedy for Buffalo bugs

or carpet bugs? Please answer through

the columns of the paper.~—J. H.



Dear Editorz—Will someone please tell

me a recipe for canning green peas?—

Mrs. R. 1)., Pittsford.





 





 

 





JUL"? 16.1910.





nEsnno'cEnvoEEEn EVER PUBLISHED





 





' I m lvm won: or nus woumrm. am I





Chicago House Wrecking Confliany saves you 20 to 60 per cent on new. clean merchandise of every kind.

are is one sample of our money saving offers: ’





$ 15'23 Worth of Fine Grocerles fori $1 0-3.2





 





 





 





 





 





 

 





   

       





ordcr by Lot No. as A. n. 3000 Regular $232,] Regular 1&3}:



25 pound sack. finest. Eastern Cane auger... ..... $1.30 1. 4 on Can Ground Cloves......................... .18

4 pounds gpecinl J. a M. codes. to . 350 rude 1.40 l. 4 oz. Bottle Pure Vanilla Extract“ .50



2 pounds igh Grade Tea. regular qua ity.. 1.00 1. 4 oz. Bottle Pure emon Extract" . .48



1 pound can Pure Bakin Powder ............ .2 8, 50 Packages Yeast oam Dry east .18



5 pound package Extra ancy J a an Rice ..... .. .40 3 Tall Cans Fancy Red Balm ......... 0



10 pound packs a Strictly Fresh oiled Oats.... .50 3 Regular cans Sardines in Olive Oil. .00

10 pound pckg. ancy Snow White Navy Beans. .00 3 Cans Extra Quality Fancy Ripe Tomatoes.... .80

1 pound packs 9 remium Baker's Chocolate... .40 3 Guns Extra Quality E. J. Pan-...... ...... ...... 0



3. 1 pound pac ages Pure akin a ......... . .25 2. 10¢. Packages Corn Starch .................... .20



und ooden Box.Laundry loss Starch... .80 5 pound pac age Large size California Prunes" -00



10 are Extra. Large Size Laundry Soap.. .80 3 pound packagel seeded raisins ..... ......... .80

l. 4 pound packagfi Washing Powder... .20 2 pound packages Cleaned Currants....... .. .24



3 large Size cans ye ....................... .25 1 gallon can Fancy Table Syrup ............ .15



l. 8 oz. Can Fresh Ground Black Pepper .25 1 gallon can High Grade Cooking Molasse .15



l. 8 oz. Can Fresh Ground Dry Mustard. . .28 10 pound box Fancy Soda Crackers......... ....1.00

l, 4 oz. Can Ground Cinnamon ........... ........ .10 Total Regular Retail Price........... _______ ‘75.";





ALL THE ARTICLES IN nus LIST FURNISHED ran. . . . . . . $10.00





W Fill In thin Coupon lor our Grocery List. “ ”

em" "on” "M," c," out. 29. en...“ Send For Grocery Price Wrecker

is issued every 60 days. Contains a complete up-to-





 





Send me your grocery list regularly every 50 days. date line of excellent uahty groceries. Prices save



) end coupon for our grocery



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m -. nnocoooooootlonoaOOOoIIon.out.Icon-Ioooovooooioolooo our stock includes everythlng under the sun.





Town CHICAGO HOUSE WRECKING 00.

35th and Iron Sts., Chlcago





you 20 to 60 per cent.





State.................... R. F. D.................





 





 





 

 

 





LIGHT-RUNNING





:: TRADE MARK;





REGISTERED.





 





 

 





No other

like it.



No other

as good.





Warranled for All Tillie





The NEW norm is the cheapest to buy, because of its Su-

perior wearing qualities. All parts are interchangeable, can be.

renewed at. any time. Ball bearings ofsuperior quality.





Before you purchase write us for information and Catalog N o. 4

THE NEW HOME SEWING MACHINE CO” Orange, Mass.





 

   

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 





Not sold

under any

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ELKHART BUGGIES‘





The Largest Manufacturers in the World

Selling to the Consumer Exclusively

We ship for examination and approval. guaranteeing safe de-

livery and also to save you money.

May We Send You Our Large Catalogue?

Elkhart Carriage & Harness Mfg. Co., Elkhart, Indiana.





 





 





 





An Every Day Cook Book





For the Farmer’s Family.





This work presents several new ideas

in cook books. The size is extremely

convenient. It will lie open without tak-

ing too much room. The blank pages

permit one to copy in or paste into its

appropriate place the recipe for each par-

ticular kind of dish. This is a valuable

innovation, as many housekeepers will

be pleased to have a convenient place for

preserving recipes that are obtained from

friends and other sources.



Every recipe herein has been repeatedly

tested in the experience of its originator.

They have also been fully tested by var-

ious committees.



These recipes represent the everyday

routine of cookery, by many of the best

cooks and housekeepers, both at home

and abroad.



One of these practical COOK BOOKS

will be sent FREE with a one year sub-

scription to the MICHIGAN FARMER

at 75 cents, or two years at $1.20, or three

years at $1.50, or five years at $2.00.



Cook Book alone sells in stores for

$1.00; our price without paper only 50

cents. In every case book is sent by

mail postage paid.



Send order through agent or direct to



THE MICHIGAN FARMER,

Detrolt, Mlch.





A

320

PAGE

COOK

BOOK





“FREE”.





 





 





 





ygpmpouiprnon





cent deposit. prep-y the freight





nnEvou nun-runs:





and allow 10 nave ran rant... This truss has Cured

IT ONLY 0001. one cent t learn our

unheard affin‘ar and mart/(81¢: qfl‘cn thousands' Wh y





not you? Bold un-

der an Ironclad Guar-

i'i‘tiss Titii'i‘i‘“

' an ALL

_ KY Pgntlit‘s oiflERllillA; for



a u . out and

infant. Lady attendant in office): Consul-

tation and examination free. Our form for

self measurement has reduced ordering by

mail to an exact science. Call or write for

complete information. APPLEY TRUSS

60., 48 MONROE ST-, GRAND RAPIDS, MICH.





on highest grade 1910 model bicycles.

FACTORY PRICES ”””°”"’



I bicycle or

a pair of tires from anyone at any price

. . until you write for our large Art Catalog

and learn our wonderfulprapan‘uou on lint

. sample bicycle going to your town.





RIDER AGENT 3:1???"31?





.' mane exhibiting and selling our bicycles.

. W0 Oll cheaper than any other factory.

Till. Connor-Ink. unrwhooln.

lamps u and all sundries at half um! prku.

Do Not Walt; write today for our yard qr». '

MEAD OVOLI 00., 0090. p77 CHICAGO -





 





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____‘_ .md' ....





‘i".

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i





 





Vw'
,



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warms v?

JULY 16, 1910.





(Continued from page 42),

Rye—The average estimated yield of

rye in the state and central counties is

15, in'the southern. counties 14, in the

northern counties 16 and in, the upper

peninsula 22 bushels per acre.



Corn.-——The condition of corn in the

state is 79, in the southern counties 78,

in the central and northern counties 81

and in the upper peninsula 87.



Buckwheat—The acreage of buckwheat

sown or to be sowu, compared with an

average for the past five years in the

state and southern counties is 81, in the

central counties 79, 19in the northern coun-

ties 82 and in the upper peninsula 102.



Beans.—~The acreage of beans planted

or to be planted, as compared with an

average for the past five years in the

state is 96, in the southern counties 94,

in the central counties 99, in the northern

counties 97 and in the upper peninsula

100. The condition of beans, compared

with an average in the state and south-

ern counties is 92, in the central counties

93, in the northern counties 90 and m the

u er eninsula 86.

pIxz’)otailjoes.——The condition of potatoes in

the state and northern counties is 88, in

the southern counties and upper penin-

sula 87 and in the central counties 90.



Sugar Beets—The condition ‘of sugar

beets in the state is 89, in the southern

counties 88, in the central counties 93, in

the northern counties 86 and in the upper

peninsula 79.



Clown—The condition of clover sown

this year, as compared with an average

in the state is 87, in the southern counties

88, in the central counties 92, in the

northern counties 80 and in the upper



ninsula 85.

1leie acreage of clover that will be har-

vested, compared with an average for the

past five years, in the state is 91, in the

southern counties 93, in the central coun-

ties 94, in the northern counties 81 and

in the upper peninsula 86. .



Timothy—The acreage of timothy that

will be harvested, compared with an av-

erage for the past five years in the state

and southern counties is 87, in the central

counties, 91, in the northern counties 86,

and in the upper peninsula 82.



Peas—The acreage of peas sown or to

be sown, as compared with an average for

the past five years in the state is 89, in

the southern counties 87, in the central

counties 84, in the northern counties 90

and in the upper peninsula 111. .



Fruit—The prospect for the fruit crop

is not very encouraging, owing to severe

trusts and other unfavorable conditions

in the early part of the season.



' The prospect for a crop of peaches in

the counties included in the Michigan

fruit belt is as follows:





‘Allegan .‘ ............................... 30

Berrien ................................ L13

Ionia .................................. 0:5.

[Kent .................................. 4';

Ottawa ................................ 39

"Van Buren .. . .......................... 28

.MUSkegon ,..‘,.......---.. ............. 88

Newaygo . . . ._. . . . .t ., ................... 25

{Means ....... ........ . .............. 39

Bepzle .......'. ......... . ...... . .......... 08

Loelanau .............................. 50

Mam'stee ............................... 56

‘ ‘ LOU _1' ................................ ‘51

f, y‘cr'age for Michigan fruit belt ....... 39





‘fA‘verage for Michigan fruit belt, 1909.. 77



The following table of percentage gives

the prospective averages in regard to

fruit in the state and the difficrent sec-

'tions:





c . . F- . “-



la n ._. ”1 ‘5 ”1 El



0.2 «3.22 0&2 In



05 5E s g :3 E as



l? =5 z i: :3 S s a;



+4 O o ‘1) o t o ,9 1’



m (I) o O o A o I—JQ-I



Apples ......... 42 41 45 39 57



Peaches ..... I. .49 49 42 54 90



Pears .......... 41 40 38 46 85



Plums ......... 41 41 37 43 60



Orchards, per



cent that are



cultivated . . .41 34 41 61 63

Trees, condition

of last spring’s



setting ....... 79 78 75 84 77



Grapes ......... 52 46 65 61 100



Black Raspb’s. 72 71 73 I.) 95





NATIONAL chop RETDoRT.





 





The Crop Reporting Board of the Bu-

reau of Statistics of the United States

Department of Agriculture estimates,

from the reports of the correspondents

and agents of the Bureau, as follows:



The preliminary-estimate of the area of

corn planted is 114,083,000 acres, an in-

crease of 5,312,000 acres (4.9 per cent) as

compared with the final estimate of last

year’s acreage,



The average condition of the corn crop

on July 1 was 85.4, as compared with 89.3

On July 1, 1909, 82.8 on July 1, 1008, and

85.1 the ten—year average on July 1.



The amount of wheat remaining on

farms is estimated at 5.3 per cont of last

year’s crop, or about 38,739,000 bushels,

as compared with 15,062,000 on July 1,

1909, and 38,708,000 the average amount

on farms on July 1 for the past ten years.



The average condition of winter whcut

on July 1, or when harvested, was 81.5

as compared with 80.0 last month, 82.4

at harvest, 1909, 80.6 in 1908, and 81.3 the

average at time of harvest for the past

ten years.



The average condition of spring wheat

on July 1 was 61.6. as compared with 93.8

last month, 92.7 on July 1. 1909, 89.4 on

July 1, 1908, and 87.1 the ten-year average

On July 1.



The average condition on July 1 of

spring and winter wheat combined was

73.5, against 85.2 last month, 86.5 on July

1, 1900, 83.9 July 1, 1908, and 84.0 the ten-

year average on July 1.



‘The' average condition of the out crop

on July 1 was 82.2, as compared with 91.0

last month, 88.3 July 1, 1909, 85.7 July 1,

1908, and 86.6 the ten—year average on

July 1.



rThe average condition of barley on July

1‘ was 73.7, as compared with 89.6 last

month, 90.2 on July 1, 1909, 86.2 on July 1,

1908, and,88.1 the ten—year average on

July 1.





\.





“were 1' '5' vv, J, 1‘





cf! ‘T~~""""i"" - .- .





, THE . MICHIGAN FARMBR.





The average condition of rye on July 1

was 87.5, as , compared with 90.6 last

month, 91.4 on July 1, 1909, 91.2 on July

1, 1908, and 90.4 the ten-year average

on July 1. '



The acreage of white potatoes is esti-

mated at 3,521,000 acres, or 4.000 acres

(0.1 per cent) less than last year. The

condition of the crop on July 1 was 86.3

as compared with 93.0 on July 1, 1909, 89.6

on July 1, 1908, and 90.9 the ten-year av-

erage on July 1.



The acreage of tobacco is estimated at

1,216,000 acres, or 35,700 acres (30 per

cent) more than last year. The condi-

tion of the crop on July 1, was 85.3, as

compared with 89.8 on July 1, 1909, 86.6

on July 1, 1908. and 86.3 the ten—year av-

erage on July 1.



The acreage of flax is estimated at 3,-

103.000 acres, or 361,000 acres (13.2 per

cent) more than last year. The condition

of the crop on July 1 was 65.0,, as com-

pared wilh 95.1 on July 1, 1909, 92.5 on

July 1. 1908, 91.2 on July 1, 1907, and 91.1

the average on July 1 for seven years.



The averoge condition of the hay crop

on July 1 was 80.2, as compared with 86.1

last month, 87.8 on July 1, 1909, and 92.6

On July 1, I908. The condition of timothy

on July 1 was 79.2, as compared with 87.1

on July 1, 1909, 90.2 on July 1, 1908, and

85.4 the ten—year average on July 1. The

condition of clover on July 1 was 82.8, as

compared with 83.8 on July 1, 1909, 95.5

on July 1, 1908, and 84.6 the ten-year av-

erage on July 1.





CROP AND MARKET NOTES.





Emmet 00., July 1.—-Only one light

shower since June 1. Pasture getting

short and-crops not cultivated beginning

to show lack of moisture. The straw-

berry harvest in full tide. Prices are

ruling low in spite of the fact that the

crop is cut short by the drouth. There

is an occasional good field of hay to be

seen, but the crop will be generally short;

corn and potatoes doing well.



Mecosta- (10., July 8.—Have not had any

rain for about six weeks, worth mention—

ing, and the oat crop especially is showing

it badly. Hay was damaged by the

drought but is all cut and in at this

writing. Was a short crop. Potatoes and

corn look well. “’heat is the best it has

been for years, due to the wet weather

in May. It will be ready to cut in about

a week. Rye looks well. Pasture is get-

ting poor for the want of rain.



tawa Co., July 9.-—Severe drouth

still continues. Corn, potatoes and pas-

tures are suffering for the want of rain.

Corn on clay or light sand is past redemp-

tion. Many farmers are obliged to feed

their stock on account of shortage of pas-

tures. This is something uncommon so

early in the season. The dry weather is

making farmers hustle. with corn culti—

vating, haying and wheat harvest all

coming on in a hunch. Some meadows

are very good, while others are very light.

\Vheat will be a fairly good crop, and oats

promise better than they did earlier in

the season. For some reason apples are

dropping badly, so the crop will be a very

light one all through this section. 'All

small fruits are drying up on the bushes,

and grapes will be a» minus quantity.

Farm help is rather scarce, so that most

of the farmers have to put in long days.

There is one advantage in the dry

weather, as hay so far has been secured

in fine condition.



Kent 60., July 7.—The rain yesterday





 





,wus worth thousands of dollars to this





county. Much good hay gotten in during

the excellent haying weather which has

prevailed during the last two weeks. Some

wet by the recent rain but not greatly

damaged. Early whcat is yellow and

nearly ready for the hindcr. The out

crop headed nearly two weeks ahead of

its season, and the crop will he considcr-

ably shortened, especiolly on light soils.

by the drought. Early potatoes have also

suffered but the damage to the crop can

not yet be judged. Polaln bugs are ,nu—

merous but the insect which destroyed

many of them last year has been reported

in various sections and hopcs are entcr—

taint-d of its ultimate success in destroy-

ing this year's bug crop,



Hardin Co., Ohio, July 5.—July starts

in hot and dry; cool wave the 4th. Form-

ers husy plowing the late corn and mak-

ing hay. N0 wheat or rye cut yet. The

hay is short generally. Outs are fair.

The late corn is doing well considering

the dry weather. Posture is getting short

for this time of the year.



Carroll Co., Ohio, July 7.—4Farmcrs are

busy harvesting clover and wheat. Both

will muke a fair crop. Timothy is a poor

crop this year. Some farmers are trying

to grow alfalfa this year. Potatoes are

looking good but there are lots of potato

bugs this ycar. Butter, 20c; cggs, 20c;

young chickens. 20c lb; old chickens, 12c

lb. We had a nice shower today.



Milwaukee 00., Wis., July 7.—Weaiher

conditions for the past three or four

weeks have been very pcculiar. The

month of June has been abnormally hot

and dry, only about 0.3 to half an inch

of rain within four or five weeks time and

a terrific heat existing for '10 to 14 davs.

Strawberry crop proved to be only about

2;) to 30 per cent of a crop, due. to the

dorughty conditions prevailing; not a drop

of ram for nearly three weeks. Apple

crop looks now to be only a 20 per cent

crop, due to abnormally dry weather.

The June drop proved unusually heavy.

The fruit crop is. practically speaking,

a flat failure this year. Late planted po-

tatoes look quite well in spite of drv

weather, whereas early planted show

some wilt, especially on heavy soils and

high ground. Haying commenced and will

prove a short crop except new seeding,

where it is heavy. Grain crops will be

light unless we have soaking rains soon.

(,orn, on the whole. looks well, where it

has been well tilled. otherwise poor’and

stunted and thin stand. No currants,

gooseberries nor cherries here this year.

Even the Black Caps are drying up on

the bushes. Everybody is waiting for

delivery of these conditions. No late

cabbage planted here yet. to speak of.

Some are‘planting with water, which is

getting short in some places.





 





 





 





 





 





 





—__—-





 





Building Plans FREE!





1—Concrete Sidewalks

2—Concrete Troughs

3-Concrete Porches and Steps





We have gotten up for farmers,





free plans, instructions and speci-





fications for building a concrete sidewalk, a concrete watering trough and

a concrete porch and steps. You and your hired man can make these

things yourselves at slight expense, and make them with concrete which

is everlasting, fireproof, sanitary and economical. Sidewalks are no





longer solely for the city people.





Progressive farmers all over the





country are surrounding their houses with concrete sidewalks and are

putting concrete floors into their barns, cribs, granaries and other farm

buildings. Anything constructed of concrete is a permanent improve-

ment on the farm, adds permanent value to the farm, and it is at the

same time cheaper in the long run than wood.



We are ready to furnish you now with plans for:





l—A Concrete Sidewalk.





Z—A Concrete Watering Trough.





3—A Concrete Porch and Steps.

Write today, telling us which plan you want.





UNIVERSAL PORTLAND CEMENT C9;





 





CHICAGO





Northwestern Office: Minneapolis





PITTSBURG (2),





 





 





 





   

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

   

   

 

   

   

   

   

 





   





0N INLAND SEAS YOURVACATIONTRIP





The ten. large steamers of the fleet are of mod-

em steel construction, propelled 'by powariul

engines, and have all the qualities of speed,

safety and comfort. The United Wireless

Telegraph Service used aboard.



The D. Cd C. Lake Lines 0 crate daily lei-vice

between Detroit and Bufialo. etroit and Cleve-

land. four trips per week between Toledo. Detroit.

Mackinac Island and way ports. and two trips per

week between Detroit. Bay City. Saginaw and

way ports. About June 23. a. special steamer will K





leave Cleveland twice a week direct for Mackinac.

THE COAST ll N E stopping only at Detroit every trip and Godcrich.

, Ont.. every other trip. Send two-cent stamp for

illustrated pamphlet and Great Lake! may. ,





Rail tickets available on steamers. /

Address





MAC iii NAC





LL the important ports on the Great

Lakes reached regularly by the excel-

lent scrvice oi the D. 8: C. Lake Una.





l. G. LEWIS, G. P. L. Detroit, mch.‘

A. A. Schantz, (miller.





 





 





 

 





 





a

V





and why land is now so





 

 





BoxD Richmond, Va.





 





clics .» Low t.

G. n. WALL. REAL iisTA'rn AGT.. 0. do 0. RY"





OIIOIGE VIRGINIA FARMS





Along Chesapeake d5 Ohio fly. as low as 8 10.00 per



ere. Sand for illustrated booklet,

IKGINIA.” it describes the mild clIuInto, nil-year farming, dairy-

inIr. poultry and stock raising. nearby Eastern mukuis. schools, etc.,





   

 

   

 

 





‘COUNTRY LIFE IN





wicc-n-Iuonth excursion rates.





 





£128.; Winter Wheat





Salzer’s new winter wheat puts remarkable yield-

ing possibilities Into old soils and makes the worn-

out fields produce yields as in the good old days.



Send Go for free samples of Wluter Wheat, Winter

Bye, Winter Barley (it other grasses dz clovers, etc.. to

be sown in the fall of the year,“ also our free catalog.





JOHN A. SALZER SEE]! CO.





135 50. 8th. 5t., La Crosse, Wis.





SEED WHEAT





GYPSY WHEAT. Splendid standard variety

proven by Ohio Experiment Station. test running

20 years, to be the highest yielder of any variety in

the state. We can please you if you are looking for

good seed. Write today. Our catalog No. 43. “How

to Grow Alfalfa.” will be mailed free.



WING SEED 00., Box 543, Mechanicsburg. Ohio





u‘unnfl‘ “oath—Biggest weekly in the West.



Featuring cheap lands. Regu-

“if price 81. Special July offer 50 cents for one year.

OKLAHOMA WORLD. Dept. 117. Tulsa. Okla.





 





 





 





GOOD grist mill, good hotel, good manufacturing 3

business, good general store. Two groceries,

Stock of hardware. Good pool room. 127 acres in ‘

Butler County, well improved. a. W. CUPP

—-the Real Estate Man whoean sell your property

no matter when located—Mansfield. Ohio.





FARMS ANO FARM lANOS

FOR SALE OR EXOHANOE





OWN A HOMEvrrdi'n‘:





great inducements for the homeseeker. Write to-





 





 





 





Uit CO-OPERATIVE LIST quotes owner's price

for select farms all over Southern Michigan.

The Ypsilanti Agency 00., Inc., Ypsilanti, Mich,





 





' on farm lands. bust.

Oklahoma lnlormalmn Free m, momma, m,

reliable Investments. Address Information Bureau,

Oklahoma World, Dept. 117. Tulsa. Oklahoma.~





MICHIGAN FARMS}‘$E§£2¥§%.§£§§%§8§

and Eaton counties, $25 to $75 per acre: splendid





water, schools and roads. Low taxes. Write for List

No. 4. BUCKLES & MATTHEWS, Hastings, Mich.





 





 





 





when you can buy

the Best Land in

Mlchlcan at from



.6 to 810 on core



nearSaglnew and Bay City. Write for map and por-

tlculars. Clear title and easy terms. Stafleld Bros.'.

(owners) 15 Mei-rill bldg.. Saginaw. W. 8.. Mich.





FREE ZOO PAGE BOOK

ABOUT MINNESOTA ,





OMPILEP by the state. describing industries.



crops, live stock, property values, schools,

on urches and towns of each county, and Minnesota?

splendid opportunities for any man. Sent free by '





 





 





STATE BOARD OF IMMIGRANT“...

Paul. Minnesota.





Room 269, State Capitol. St.





DELAWARE





Is the State for





HAPPY HOMES





comfortable living, enjoyment and genial climate.

Famous for fruit and quite as good for general”

farming. Land values are advancing, but former

are cheaper than elsewhere with equal advantage

——lf such a place exists. For information addresé"





STATE BOARD OF lGlilOllllllllE, Dom, llolawmgi

ALWAYS mention Ihe MICIiIeAN‘ MIME!





 





 





day. UNITED REALTY 00.. Sezimw, Michigan, when we are wri'ing to advertisers.
MARKETS





MMMuAAJ“

DETROIT WHOLESALE MARKETS.





July 13, 1910.

Grains and Seeds.



Wheat—A stronger tone has pervaded

the wheat trade this week. There is an

improved demand for cash wheat, which

seems to be a harder thing to get than

one would expect. In the northwest there

were rains on Monday and Tuesday, and

the market was influenced a little thereby,

but the damage from the drought is so

large that moisture cannot fully amend

at this date. The farmers of the south-

west are marketing their wheat quite. lib-

erally and are likely preventing larger

advances by doing so. While the supply

and demand generally rule, the attitude of

the farmers of the country toward the

deal will have considerable to do with the

price-making this season. Liverpool is

strong. Canadian outlook is not as prom-

ising as a few weeks ago. Visible supply

shows a small decrease. One year ago

the price for No. 2 red wheat was $1.38

per bu. Quotations for the week are:



No. 2 N0. 1

Red. White. Sept. Dec.





Thursday ....1.031,§ 1.03% 1.03% 105%,

Friday ....... 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.059;,

Saturday ..... 1.06 1.06 1.061,; 1.08



Monday _....1.051/, 1051/2 1041/2 1.06%,

Tuesday ...... 1.06 1.06 1.05 106%;





Wednesday ..1.05 1.05 1.0414 1.06





Corn—Better prices ruled this past

week than for the previous period, and

the reason is that dry Weather was be-

ginning to have an effect upon the grow-

ing crop in spite of the unusual amount

of cultivating that the farmers are doing

to bring the crop through. The advance

of wheat was also a factor in advancing

the values. The local market is quiet and

but little grain is changng hands just

now. The visible supply is smaller. One

year ago the price for No. 3 corn was 750

per bu. Quotations for the week are as





follows: .

No. 2 N0. 3

, Mixed. Yellow.

Thursday ................. 031/2 5

Friday .................... 031/2 65

Saturday ................. 631/2 6:)

IVlOnday ................... 63 64%

Tuesday .................. G3 641/2

Wednesday ............... 631,; 60

Oats—This grain has improved with

corn and wheat. The weather has been





trying on the developing plant and there

was much comment about damage to it.

The rains will improve the outlook but no

doubt permanent damage is already done

that cannot be ti.‘t.'l‘t'tiltit'. Trading here

is light. Demand is fair. The visible

supply is a few thousand bushels short of

the amount given out last week. A year

ago the price for No. 3 oats was 540 per

bu. Quotations for the week are:





Standard. Sept.

40





Thursday ................. 411,;



Friday . . . . ................ 42 40

Saturday‘ . . ............... 43 401,5,

Monday .................. 3 39-34,,

Tuesday .................. 43 39%

Wednesday ............... 431/2 3 9 3/4





Beans.—This deal bears its usual un-

changed features and the nominal quota-

tions of the board are the same for cash

with an advance of three cents for Oc-

tober options. Aceording to the state—

ments of the state crop reports the

amount of beans planted this season com-

pares with the average for previous years

and the condition of the crop is well tip

to those of former seasons. The following

are the nominal quotations, for the past





week:



Cash. Oct;

Thursday $22.} $2.09

Friday ..................... 2.22 2.05

Saturday ................... 2.22 2 05

Monday .................... 2.22 2.0.)

Tuesday ................... 2.22 2.0.3

Wednesday ................. 2.2;: 2.00





Governed—Farmers have been more

hopeful of a large crop of seed titan they

are at the present time, although the

fields may yet give a good account of

themselves. The recent rains will be

helpful in bringing on clover-fields that

are to be left for a crop of st-t-tt this tall.

There is nothing doing in cash seed and

futures are not exciting Very much inter-

est just at this tithe. Quotations for the

week are as follows:





Prime Spot. {EC—ff)



hu sda .................. $7.00 ..t.t_

Tir‘ridlay y .................... 7.00 6.39

Saturday ................... 7.00 6.5.)

:Monday .................... 4.00 6.30

Tuesday ................... 7.00 6.3;»



, Wednesday ................. 7.00 6.6.)





Rye.—There is nothing doing in rye.

The nominal quotation is 78c per bu.,

which is the price of a week ago,



Visible Supply of Grain.

This week. Last week





. ............... 11,613,000 12,034.000

'g/Olf‘i’lt. ................ 4,743,000 5,224,000

Oats ................. 4,007,000 4,245,000

Rve .................. 301,000 378,000

Bailey ............... 1,444,000 1,443,000





Flour, Feed, Provisions. Etc. .

FIour.-—The flour trade is down, prices

having been marked off from 406060c per

'bbl. Quotations are:





Clear ................................. $4.60

Straight ............................. 1%)

Patent Michigan in



Ordinary Patent ..................... 4.. 0





Hay and Straw.——$ll grades steady at

last week's figures. Quotations on baled

hav in car lots f. o. b. Detroit, are: No.

1 timothy, 5.1150018; No, 2 timothy, $15.50

@16; clover, mixed, $15.50@16; rye straw,

$7607.50; wheat and out straw, $6.50@7

per ton. .



Feed.——Bran is off1 $2 and coarset mild-



i s 1 er ton. Oi ier grades are s eat y.

glarrllgot sgprl‘ccs on track: Bran. 523. per

ton; coarse middlings. $24; fine middlings,

$27; cracked corn. $27: coarse corn meal,

$27: corn and out chop, $24 .per ton._

APotatOes.—Thc old crop is practically

out of the market and no quotations are



ven. New potatoes are arrivmg in lib~

oral quantities and selling well. They are

quoted at $150602 per bbl.





“THE "MlCHlG’AN FARMER.





Provisions.-—Mess pork, ,325; family

pork, $26; medium' clear, $25@26; smoked

hams, 1995c; dry salted briskets, 14%0;

shoulders, 15c; picnic hams, 14c; bacon,

13c; lard in ti'erces, 12%0; kettle rendered,

14540 per lb.



Hides.——Steady. No. 1 cured, 9c; No.

1 green, 7%c; No. 2 cured bulls, 8c; No. 2

green bulls, 61/2c; No. 1 cured veal kip,

100; No. 1 green veal kip, 8c; No. 1 cured

calf, 14c; No. 2 kip and calf, 12%c; No. 1

horsehides, $3.50; No. 2 horsehides, $2.50;

sheepskins, as to amount of wool. 2062600.





Dairy and Poultry Products.



Button—The drying up of the pastures

has been a bullish factor in the butter

trade, and the amount of butter manu—

factured is short of what was made ear-

lier in the season. This has made a.

stronger market and creamery goods have

advanced a half a cent for the week.

Dairy goods are marked down a cent. The

following are the local quotations: Extra

creamery, 28c; firsts, do., 27c; dairy, 22c;

packing stock, 21c per lb.



Eggs—There has been a good active

demand for eggs this past week and the

price is where it was seven days ago with

a rather strong undertone. Offerings are

not large. Fresh eggs, case count, cases

included, are quoted at 171/,»c per dozen.



Poultry.——Broilers are not selling so high

and hens are a half cent more than last

week. The market is active. Quotations

are: Broilers, 2260240; hens, 16c; old

roosters and stags, 12c; ducks, 15c; geese,

116113c; turkeys, 1661;161ch per lb.



Cheese.—-—Miehigan, late made, 15c;

Michigan, fall made, 171/é@18c; York state,

1861:181/éc; limburger, old, 17@18c; Swiss,

domestic block, 23@24c; cream brick,

1660163420



Calves.—Steady. Choice to fancy, 11@

Ill/éc; ordinary, 1095c.



Fruits and Vegetables.



Apples—The only old apples left are

a few Steel Reds. New offerings are

selling at $1.50@1.75 per hamper. Steel

Reds are quoted at $650607 per bbl.



Cabbage.—Steady. Selling at $1.25@

1.75 per crate for new.



Currants.—Reds selling here at $3633.50

per bu.



Raspberries.—Offerings are increasing.

Crop is not large. Reds are quoted at

$2.25 per 24-pt. case; blacks, $2602.25.



Blackberries.—Market lower. Offerings

few. Selling at $3.50 per 24-qt. case.



Huckleberries.—Selling at $4.25 per 24-

qt. case.



Gooseberries.——Quoted at $275633 per

bushel.



Cherries.—Scarcer than a week ago.

Now selling at $3653.25 per bu. for sour.

Sweet, $4604.50 per bu.



Vegetables—Beets, 35c per doz; car-

rots, 25¢ per doz; cucumbers, 60@75c

per doz; ‘eggplant, $1.25@1.50 per doz;

green onions 10@12c per doz; head let-

tuce, 756v90c per bu; mint, 25c. per doz;

parsley, 206D25c per doz; radishes, 150

per doz; spinach, 65c per bu; turnips, 40c

per doz; watercress, 20@25c per doz; wax

beans, $2 per bu; pieplant, 200 per doz;

asparagus, $1601.25 per doz.





OTHER MARKETS.





Grand Rapids.



Offerings of fruit and vegetables were

large on the city market Tuesday morn-

ing. Cherries were high, starting at $3

per bu. and going from this up to $3.45.

Black raspberries readily brought $1.75,

while red raspberries ranged from $21060

2.75 per 16-qt. crate. Gooseberries sold

at $1.25 for 12 (its. First harvest apples

appeared, bringing 50c per bu. No hotne-

grown potatoes are' reported yet, but they

are almost due. New hay is coming, and

ranges from $126,115. Eggs are of poor

quality, owing to hot weather and late-

ness of season. The price to the country

trade is off to 171/2c. Good dairy butter

is a little higher, bringing 22c, while pack-

ing stock is worth 20c. Creamery butter

is up half a cent, this week‘s quotation

being 26c. Veal is worth 6@10c; dressed

hogs, llaiilll/zc. Wheat is up 1c, the mills

paying $1.01, with other grains practically

unchanged.





 





Chicago.

“Meat—No. 2 red, $1.04%@1.05§;; July,





$1.03; September, $1,031,;



Cour—2V0. 2 mixed,

58114; September, 595/80.



Oats,»~i\'o. 3 white, 411/26543c; July,

40-"-,’.c; September, 381/19}.



itttter.——l’»est creamery butter advanced

1,4,c on Tuesday on the strength of a sim-

ilar advance at lilgin. Quotations are:

Cit-'SllllEl‘lt‘S, 241/26‘128c; dairies, 2360260



Eggs—”Pliers are off a full cent on best

stock, and more on lower grades; business

rather .<'.ow in spite of the decline in val-

ues I’rimc firsts. 17c: firsts, 15c; at

mark, cases included, 1061140 per dozen.



Hay and Straw.wThe market has been

materially strengthened by the continued

dry weather. All gradrs of both hay and

straw are anywhere from $1 to $2 higher

Quotations are: (‘hoir-n timothy, 52060

20.50; No. 1 lirnotlty_ 31550611950; No, 2

(10, and No. l niixwl. $174119; No. 3 do.

and No. 2 mixed, 3131.50611650; rye straw,

$961110; oat straw, $7615; wheat straw,

$050617.



Potatoes—litvmanrl growing better as

the quality of rcH-ths improves, and

prices are slightly higher than last Wonk,

Choice to fancy new, 706175c per bu; fair

to good, 6061650



Beans—Trade quiet with prices un-

changed. (‘hoice hand-picked are quoted

at $2.33@2.33; fair to good, 62.235228; red

kidneys, $27503 per bu.



VVOOL—Market quiet with prices show-

ing no change. Fine dclainc. unwashed,

2067.220; fine medium, 2263240; medium,

236025c.





591/; @60c; July,





 





Boston.



“fool—Quotations are s'e idy. The. par-

ties to the market are in the same atti-

tude as they have been for some time

past and there is nothing to indicate that

a change will occur soon. Farmers wl.l

not sell and buyers will not buy at the

prices asked and offered. In London the

July auctions have been progressing with

a strong demand for the offerings; some

of the poorer grades are lower but the

majority of the tbales are going at steadv

prices. Quotations here for the leading





domestic kinds are“ as ,follows: Ohio

fleeces—Quarter bloods. 27c; three-eighths

280; half blood, 28c; fine unwashed, 21c;

unwashed delaine, 26c; other grades nom-

inal. ‘ Michigan fleeces—Prices nominal

at 19@20c for fine unwashed, 23@24c for

EIRWSSth delaine, and 25@26c for quarter

00 .





 





New York.





Batten—Market steady under fraction-

ally higher values on creamery grades.

Creamery specials quoted at 29l4@291,4_c;

process butter, 22@25%c per lb.



Eggs—Market has recovered from last

week's sharp decline in values and is

firm. Nearby eggs are quoted at 24@28c;

fresh gathered extras, 2160220; firsts, 191,5

@201,§c per dozen.



Poultry—Market generally steady;

broilers 2c lower, Live quoted as follows:

Western fowls, 17@17%c; western broil-

ers, 23@24c; turkeys, 10@14c per 1b.





 





Elgin.





Button—Market is firm at 28c per lb.,

which is an advance of 15c over last

week. The sales for the week amounted

to 1,076,334 lbs., compared with 1,098,500

lbs. for the week previous.





THE LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





Buffalo.

July 11, 1910.

(Special report by Dunning & Stevens,

New York Central Stock Yards,

East Buffalo, N. Y.)



Receipts of stock here today as follows:

Cattle, 165 cars; hogs, 8,800; sheep and

lambs, 5,400; calves, 1,800.



One hundred and sixty~five cars of cat-

tle on sale here today, and Chicago re-

ports 22.000 and lower. Our market for

all the best grades of cattle was barely

steady and in many instances 10c per

hundred weight lower, and cows, slippery

steers, light heif\rs and bulls sold full

steady to 10c higher. Light butcher cat-

tle 15@25c higher. All the cattle of the

class of 60 a pound and upward all sold

from barely steady to 100 per hundred

weight lower than last week. The top on

cattle today was the same as last week,

but the quality was much better.



We quote: Best 1,350 to 1,500-lb. steers

$775638; good prime 1,200 to 1,350-lb. 60.,

$725,607.60; best 1,100 to 1,200-lb. shipping

steers, $6.506D7.25; medium butcher steers,

1,000 to 1,100 lbs., $550606; light butcher

steers, $5605.40; best fat cows, 352560575;

fair to good cows, 342560475; common to

medium do._ $3603.75; best fat heifers, $660

6.75; good fat heifers, $561550; fair to

good do., $425635; stock heifers, 33.5060

3.75; best feeding steers, 545062475; medi—

um to good do.. $4604.25; stockers, all

grades, $3.50603.75; best bulls, $5.25@5.50;

bologna bulls, $4604.50; light thin bulls,

$350604; best milkers and springers, $4561)

55; common to good do., $2560.35.



A few pr'me bulls would have brought

$5.75. A few extra ood cows sold for

$60. A good many C icago cows on our

market today, milkers and springers, and

cows were from $3@5 lower than last

Week.



Hog market opened about steady at

Saturday's best early market, and closed

steady on light hogs, and dull and draggy

on heavy and mixed, and bidding 560100

lower than morning prices.



We quote morning price as follows:

Mixed hogs from 170 to 200 lbs. aV., $9.60;

hogs‘ weighing 225 to 250 lbs, $9.40@9.50;

yorkers, 159750085; pigs and lights, $9.80

@10; roughs, $8608.10; stags, $650607.



The lamb market opened slow and 500

lower today, with most of the best spring

lambs selling from $8608.50; yearling

lambs, $6606.50. Few going over unsold;

look for steady market balance of week.

Sheep market was steady today; look for

steady prices balance of week on sheep.



‘We quote: Spring lambs, $8608.50;

wethers, $5605.60; cull sheep, $2.5060350;

yearlings, $6636.50; ewes, $4.25604.50;

bucks, $250603; veals. choice to extra,

392560950; fair to good do., $8609; heavy

calves, $5606.





 





Chicago. ' .



Jul 11, 1910.

Cattle. ’ogs. Sheep



Received today ...... 24,000 35,000 35,000



Same day last year..23,621 32,758 18,162

Received last week...39,927 62,132 90,359

Same week last year.44,022 118,711 55,435



A new week opened today with too gen-

erous supplies of all kinds of live stock

and sharp breaks in prices all along the

lines. Following last week’s break of

156i'25c in steers, there was a further de-

cline of 1061tl5c, and even greater reduc-

tions were made in some cases, the best

selling at $8.50. Female cattle, which ad-

vanced 156D25c for good lots last weck,

did not weaken as much as steers, being

in better request. Hogs, which closed

last week 10@25c lower than a week ear-

lier, took an additional fall of 1560.25c;

Selling at $8,106,092.55 the high prices being

paid at the start for prime light hogs and

pigs. Packers filled their orders much

under $9, and the market was dull and

weak at the decline, the opinion being ex-

pressed that stor-kmcn were marketing

supplies in fear of further bad breaks in

prices. llogs marketed last week aver—

aged in wcight 244 lbs.. compared with 242

lbs, a week earlier, 225 lbs. a year ago,

222 lbs. two years ago and 232 lbs three

years ago. Sheep and lambs were de—

moralized, the market being glutted with

stock from lilaho ranges, and further de—

clines of 25c took place. Lambs sold at

$4617.25, wethers at $4614.50, ewes at $260

4.25, and yearlings at 34.356175. Breeding

ewes went freely at $4605.75. Continued

heavy receipts and lower prices are ex-

pccted.



Cattle, as well as other kinds of live

stock, Were affected last week by the

break in business resulting from the

Fourth of July holiday on Monday. Re-

ceipts of cattle during the week were

very moderate in volume, and the early

market developed great strength under

the influence of an active general demand.

The greatest strength by far was shown

in fat female stock. prices moving up 10

@25c, with heifers 2560400 higher and can—

ners steady. Buyers soon got their most

pressing orders filled, however. and _de-

spite the week’s light supplies. prices

declined sharply all alongthe line, except





 





JULY 13', mo.





for prime steers and heifers. A large

share of the week’s soles of beef steers

took place at '36.25@8.15, with the com-

moner class of light-weight grass-fed na—

tives going at $5@6 and the better class

of strong weight shipping beeves finding

buyers at $8608.60. A good grade of steers

sold at $7.50 and upward and medium lots

at $7 and over, while fair, rather light

killers sold between $6 and $7. A good

many distillery cattle sold at $7.20@8.55,

while Texas cattle had a large sale at:

$4.50@7, and sixteen cars of ‘Wyoming

range grass cattle arrived Wednesday,

being the second large shipment of, the

season. These cattle were poor in qual-

ity, showing evidence of the dry state of

the range, and the cows sold at $3.40@

4.25, while a load of feeders brought $5.10

and steers went to killers at $6.20. Na-

tive cows and heifers sold during the

week at $3.90606.65, with canners and cut-

ters selling at $2.50@3.85 and bulls at $3@

5.75. Calves were much scarcer and de-

cidedly higher under an active demand,

Selling at $350609, but milch cows were

slow at $256060 per head, the heat being

unfavorable for a normal movement.

Stockers and feeders were active and

higher early and slower and lower later.

Stockers went at $3.10@5.15 and feeders

at $4.50@5.70.



Hogs sold last week at much the widest

spread in prices witnessed this season,

with buyers discriminating more ~than

ever against the heavier hogs, especially

lots of coarse heavy. sows that have

weaned their spring pigs. Early meager

receipts brought about some pretty stiff

advances in prices, prime light hogs sell-

ing up to $9.60 on Wednesday, but sub-

sequently large breaks took place in spite

of the continued light receipts. As a rule.

the best hogs were taken first at rela-

tively firm prices, shippers taking their

pick, and after outside orders were filled

the local packers would enter the market

and buy up the commoner offerings at re-

duced figures, even Tuesday and VVed-

nesday seeing lower closings. There was

an especially good demand for good lots

of light hogs, which sold at a nice premi—

um, with medium butcher weights rank-

ing next, but strong weight pigs, which

were scarce and in urgent request, went

highest of all. The explanation of this

is the urgent need of hogs for the fresh

meat trade and for conversion into bacon.

The packers kept a close watch on the

provision market at all times, and they

were uneasy lest the lower hog values

would further lessen the receipts. East-

ern shippers were much smaller buyers

than in former years, and this exerted a

bearish influence.



Sheep and lambs started off last week

with such a small Tuesday run that buy-

ers were compelled to pay stiff advances,

especially for the best lots, and prime

native lambs brought $8.60. On VVednes-

day the market was literally glutted, the

receipts running up to 29,265 head, follow-

ing 13,699 on ’l‘uesday,.and prices had bad

breaks, followed by further reductions

later in the week. Oregon, Washington,





Idaho and other ranges have been rush-I





ing sheep, yearlings and lambs to mar-





ket, while the Chicago packers continued:‘





to receive liberal supplies of southern

spring lambs consigned direct to them

from Louisville getting as many as 9.000

head in a single day, and these consign-

ments could not but exert a strong bear-

ish influence upon the lamb market. Range

offerings were largely made up of sheep

and lambs hardly fat enough to satisfy

the mutton trade, and many lots went to

feeders and some to breeders.



Horses have been selling as freely as

is usual at the mid—usmmer period, with

ample offerings and sales at the lowest

prices recorded this year. Expressers and

wagon horses sold mostly at 3316060210 per

head, while bigr draft chunks of good to

choice quality found purchasers at $225@

250 and upward. Feeders were in fair

demand at 617060225 for Shipment to Ohio,

and drivers sold moderately on the basis

of $1506v300. The recent market was

given spice by the sale of a consignment

of high—class carriage horses to export to

Mexico, and a little later sales were made

of 14 prime carriage horses and drafters

for export to Guatemala, the carriage

horses bringing $800@1,400 per head. .





ll7 .





LIVE STOCK NOTES.





 





The big ranches in Texas are disap-

pearing before the inroad of new settlers,

and small farms are being cut out of the

old—time vast ranches that covered the

greater part of the state. The Swensons

have cut their famous Spur ranch into

farms, after selling their enormous hold-

ings of cattle, the tract covering about 650

square miles. A large part of the Pan-

handle has been plowed up and devoted

to grain and other crops, and there is a.

gradual movement in the direction of rais-

ing cattle for the market, but it is prob—

able that a long time will take place be-

fore Texas increases its cattle herds to

former proportions. The same movement

goes on all the time in the northwest, the

conversion of former ranges into farms

going forward faster than ever, and the

immediate effect in both regions is to ma-

terially decrease the cattle supply, Ranch-

men find that settling tip the country re-

stricts the grazing area so much and cuts

off so much of the water supply that rais-

ing cattle becomes extremely difficult.

_The Texas agricultural experiment sta-

tion has made some extensive experiments

in feeding cottonseed to hogs, and en-

couraging results were obtained with fer-

mented metal. A comparison of the re—

sults of experiments in which cottonseed

meal was fed in the ordinary way indi-

cates that cottonseed meal may be used

1n larger quantities and for longer periods

when fermented and fed in slop. The

hogs fed cottonseed meal showed less fat

and more lean meat th ‘n others, and the

carcasses were firmer 1nd better than

thosepf hogs fed exclusively on corn. The

experiments were made by feeding a mix-

ture_of cottonseed meal and corn.



With average rains, there is promise of

an immense crop of corn in Nebraska.

Hay is a short crop, the first cutting of

alfalfa being particularly poor. Nearly

all the Nebraska fat cattle have been





marketed, but there, are lots of spring





pigs.





 





 





t

l

l

4.,

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.1qu; 16; 1510-.

THIS Is THE LAST EDITION.





In the first edition the Detroit Live

880k markets are reports or last week;

other'markets are right up to date.



'1' 'rsday’s Detroit Live Stock markets

are given in the last edition. The first

edition is mailed Thursday, the last edi-

tion Friday morning. The first edition is

mailed to those who care more to get the

per early than they do for Thursday’s

troit Live Stock market report. You

may have any edition desired. Subscrib-

ers may change from one edition to an-

other by dropping us a card to that effect.





1





 





DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





 





Thursday’s Market. ’

July 14, 1910.

Cattle. '



Receipts, 1.260. Market

Saturday; 75c lower than last

Ruu heavy. -



We quote: Extra dry-fed steers. and

heifers. $6696.10; steers and heifers.

1,000 to 1,200, $4.75@5.50; steers and

heifers, 800 to 1,000. $4.50@4.75; grass

steers and heifers that are fat, 800 _to

1,000, $4.50@4.75; grass steers and he1f-

ers that are fat. 500 to 700. $4.25@4.50;

choice fat cows, $4.25@4.50: good fat

cows, $4; common cows, $3@3.25; can-

$2.50@2.75; choice heavy bulls,



4@4.25; fair to good bolognas, bulls,



4; stock bulls, $3.50; choice feeding

steers, 800 to 1,000, $4.50; fair feeding

steers, 800 to 1,000, $4.25; choice stock-

ers, 500 to 700. $4; fair stockers, 500 to

700, $3~.50@3.75; stock heifers, $3.50;

milkers. large, young, medium age, $40

@50; common milkers. $25@35.



Roe Com. Co. sold Fronn 10 butchers

av 657 at $4.15; to Cohen 3 do av 950 at

$4; to Goose 5 do av 606 at $4, 1 cow

weighing 1,130 at $3.40; to Mich. B. Co.

17 steers av 863 at $5.50, 25 butchers av

782 at $4.90; to Sullivan P. Co. 18 do av

:35 at $4.15; to Fry 24 do av 700 at



4 5





. 0.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Hammond, S. &

C0. 29 steers av 1,050 at $6, 2 do av

1.135 at $5; to Cooke 26 do av 947 at

$5.50, 1 bull weighing 1,250 at $4.50: to

Rattkowsky 3 butchers av 483 at $3.50,

4 do av 770 at $4.10, 4 do av 865 at

$4.35; to Marx 5 do av 674 at $4.50; to

Goose 3 cows av 820 at $3; to Thompson

Bros. 4 do av 710 at $3.40; to Sullivan

P. Co. 8 butchers av 562 at $3.40; to

Newton B. Co. 2 do av 860 at $3.25, 6

do av 1,000 at $5.40, 3 do av 616 at

$4.25. 3 steers av 1,073 at $6.25; to

Townsend 24 feeders av 750 at $4.15;

to Mich. B. Co. 14 steers av 957 at $5.65,

11 cows av 1,123 at $5; to Newton B. Co.

4 butchers av 947 at $4. 6 do av 840 at

$4.75. 8 do av 1.084 at $5.75. 4 do av

925 at $4.50, 23 do av 765 at $4.60, 11

do av 715 at $3.65.



Haley & M. sold Goose 4 cows av

1,210 at $4.40; to Mich. B. Co. 19 butch-

ers av 976 at $4.50, 5 do av 8l4 at $4.75,

10 steers av 845 at $5.30, 1 bull weigh-

ing“75‘0‘at $4; to Sullivan P. Co. 2 can-

ners’av 690 at $2.50, 13 steers av 921

at“$’5.50; to ,Bresnahan 35 stockers av

592,; 4:33.95; toPragg 2 butchers av 460

at' ,"z to Applebaum 7 do av 860 at

$4.4C, 5 do av 674 at $4.35; to Sullivan

P.“_o. steer weighing 850 at $4.75;

to Lachalt 6 butchers av 805 at $4.65.

3 do av 770 at $4.10; to Thompson Bros.

15 do av 720 at $3.90.



Spicer & R. sold Bresnahan 4 heifers

av 650 at $4.35; 2 cows av 1.000 at $3.65.

2 do av 835 at $2.75. 3 do av 933 at

$2.75. 6 do av 1,033 at $4; to Mich. B.

Co. 30 steers av 746 at $5.50. 30 do av

823 at $5. 21 butchers av 771 at $4.50:

to Goose 6 COWS av 861 at $3.60, 4 heif-

ers av 762 at $4.50, 4 cows av 1.007 at

$4.15. 2 do av 810 at $3.25, 4 heifers av

345 at $4. 8 cows av 856 at $5; to Sul-

livan P. 00. 7 butchers av 850 at $4.40;

to Townsend 4 stockers av 587 at $4.40;

to Goose 2 cows av 1.025 at $3.25: to

Mich. B. Co. 2 bulls av 1.350 at $4.50, 1,

do weighing 990 at $4. 16 butchers av

881 at $5.30; to Kamman B. Co. 31 do

av 800 at $5, 10 do av 765 at $4.65; to

Rattkowsky 15 do av 736 at $4.65; to

Bresnahan 2 bulls av 960 at $4. 23

steers av 961 at $5.50. 1 cow weighing

870 at $2.75; to Rattkowsky 3 do av 857

at $4; to Regan 4 butchers av 670 at

$4.25, 7 do av. 590 at $4.10; to Breifen-

back Bros. 2 cows av 950 at $4; to Gol-

den 5 butchers av 748 at $4.40: to La-

chalt 3 bulls av 1.143 at $4.40: to Sulli-

van P. (‘o. 17 steers av 987 at $5.75. 5

cows av 1,034 at $5, 1 bull weighing

1.080 at $4, 8 heifers av 647 at $4.25.



Johnson sold Marx 10 butchers av

825 at $4.50.



Wickmann sold same 6 do av 908 at

$5.25, 2 cows av 1,175 at $3.75.



Weeks sold Mich. B. CO. 22 steers av





902 at $5.15.

Veal Calves.



Receipts, 1,025. Market 25@50c high-

er than last Thursday. Best. $9609.25;

others, 346118.50; milch cows and spring-

ers steady.



Bishop, B, & H. sold Hammond. S. &

Co. 3 av 170 at $9.25. 3 av 170 at $9.75,

3 av 105 at $8, 5 av 125 at $7, 17 av 160

at $9.25, 2 av 130 at $7. 8'av 160 at

$9.25; to Burnstine 26 av 170 at $9. 6 av

150 at $8.50; to Newton B. Co. 14 av

135 at $9; to Sullivan P. Co. 10 av 175

at $7, 18 av 165 at $9.25. 16 av 170 at





very dull

week





$9.50.



Haley & M. sold Gordon & B. 5 av

250 at $6.50, 12 av 140 at $54; to Ham-

mond, S. & Co. 1 weighing 190 at $9.25.





5 av 180 at $9; to Thompson Bros. 29

av 150 at $8.50. 8 av 150 at $8.50; to

Gordon & B. 2 av 250 at $6. 26 av 170

at $9; to Mich. B. Co. 21 av 160 at $9.50.



Roe Com. Co. sold Hammond, S.

Co. 2 av 100 at $7.50, 21. av 170 at $9.25:

to Parker. W. & Co. 23 av 165 at $9; .to

Htaggmond, S. & Co. 1 weighing 170

a .



Spicer, & R. sold Hammond, S. & Co.

2 av 150 at $8.50. 5 av 165 at $8.75, 4

.av 145 at $8.25, 10 av 150 at $8.25; to

Mich. B. Co. 4 av 150 at $7, 11 av 165

at $9.25: to Goose 10 av 262 at $4.65: to

Brant 3 av 200 at $5. 10 av 131 at $8. 9

av 145 at $8.75: to McGuire 10 av 157

at $9.25; to Breitenback Bros. 21 av 170

at $7.65; to Parker. W. 8; Co. 26 av 160

at $8.50, 3 av 210 at $5, 25 av 160 at

$8.75. 6 av 225 at $6. 9 av 200 at $5,.33

av 150 at $8.75. 4 av 155 at $9.75, 2,av





1105 at $7; to Sullivan P. Co. 5 av 160





 





 





Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts, 850. Lambs 75c@$1 lower;

sheep steady.



Best lambs. $7.50: fair to good lambs,

$6.25@7; light to.common lambs, $5@

5.75; fair to good sheep, $4@4.50; culls

and common, $3@4.75. .



Bishop, Bullen & H. sold to hewton

Beef Co. 12 lambs av 70 at $8; to N.

Haise 10 do av 45 at $6, 37 do av 75 at

$8; to Fitzpatrick Bros. 31 do av 67 at

$8, 7 sheep av 90 at $3.50; to Sullivan

Pkg. Co. 4 do av 155 at $3, 16 do av 130

at $4, 5 lambs av 60 at $6, 42 do av

72 at $8; to Michigan Beef Co. 60 do

av 67 at $8: to Thompson Bros. 18





' sheep av 110 at $4.25.





Spicer & R. sold Mich. B. Co. 9 sheep

av 100 at $4, 17 lambs av 75 at $1.85. 14

sheep av 90 at $4; to Eschrich 10 lambs

av 65 at $7.75: to Sullivan P. Co. 34

do av 70 at $7.75. 10 sheep av 94 at $4;

to Stocker 7 do av 80 at $5, 4 lambs av

55 at $7.50; to Mich. B. Co. 18 sheep av

100 at $3.50; to Gordon & B. 7 do av 90

at $4, 29 lambs av 65 at $7.50. 13 do av

80 at $6; to Newton B. Co. 38 do av 80

at $8; to Parker, W. & Co. 12 do av 65

at $8, 7 do av 55 at $7.



Haley & M. sold Thompson Bros. 44

lambs av 60 at $7; to Mich. R. Co. 252

do av 68 at $8.25. 10 sheep av 105 at

$4; to Breitenback Bros. 10 lambs av

55 at $7. 87 do av 75 at $8; to Gordon &



. 29 do av 80 at $8; to Mich. E. Co.

17 do av 80 at $6, 29 sheep av 100 at

$4.50. , .



Roe Com. Co. sold Eschrlch 8 lambs

av 80 at $8.25, 17 do av 60 at $5.



Hogs.



Receipts. 2,210. No market on hogs



up to noon.





 





Friday's Market.

July 8, 1910.

Cattle.





Receipts this week, 923, against 638 last

week; market steady at Thursday’s ad«

vance on all grades; run light.



We quote: , Best dry-fed ‘steers and

heifers, $6.50; steers and heifers. 1,000 to

1,200 lbs., $5.50@6; steers and. heifers, 800

to 1,000 lbs., $5@5.50: grass steers and

heifers that are fat, 800 to 1.000 lbs., $5@

5.50; do., 500 to 700 lbs., $4.25@4.75; choice

fat cows, $5@5.25; good fat cows, $4@4.50:

common cows, $3@3.50; canners, $2.50@3;

choice heavy bulls, $4@4.25; fair to good

bologna bulls, $3.75@4; stock bulls, $3.50

@375; choice feeding steers, 800 to 1.000

lbs., $4.50@4.75; fair feeding steers,

800 to 1.000 lbs., $4.25@4.50; choice stoek-

ers, 500 to 700 lbs., $4.25; fair stockers, 500

to 700 lbs., $3.50@3.75; stock heifers, $3.25

@375: milkers, large, young, medium age,

$40@50; common milkers. $25@35.



Veal Calves.



Receipts this week. 907, compared with

1,006 last week; market active and strong.

25c higher than on Thursday. Best, $9.

9.25; others, $5@8.50. Milch cows and

springers steady.



Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts this week. 1,384. against 1,080

last week; market steady at Thursday’s

prices. Best lambs $8.25; fair lambs,

87.75608; light to common lambs. $6.50fn‘7:

fair to good sheep. $4@4.75; culls and

common, $3@3.50.



Hogs.



Receipts this week. 2.985, against 3.574

last week; market steady for pigs. other

grades 10c lower.



Range of prices: Light to good butch—

ers. $9.30; pigs, $9.50; light yorkcrs, $9.30;

heavy, $9.15@9.25; stags, one—third off.





ITIVE STOCK NOTES.





 





The country has suffered greatly for

want of rains. and pastures in many soc-

tions have become burned up. while hay

will be a very short crop. This tends to

make corn and oats more valuable to

farmers, and in many quarters old corn

is being marketed less freely, talk of a

reduced hay crop amounting to ten mil-

lion tons causing a feeling that corn is

worth holding on to, particularly as it

will be many weeks before the growing

crop is safe.



The drought makes it important that

farmers should give their cattle especial

care during the hot weather. Professor

G. C, Humphrey of the College of Agri—

culture of the University of Wisconsin,

says the importance of shade cannot he

over-estimated. Stock may be housed

during the day, if necessary. in darkened

stables through which the air may pass.

where the animals will be less a ..0yed by

flies. Plenty of pure water is important,

and so is green food. although hay may

be used without serious results. By pro-

viding some soiling crops later in the

year. the supply of roughage may he

maintained without drawing upon the

main forage crop.



Hogs of a marketable age are very

scarce in most parts of the corn belt

states. but there is a good “crop” of

spring pigs, many of which are expected

to come to market fully a month earlier

than usual. for they have been growing

rapidly and had a good start. favored by

the early appearance of warm weather.



The drought in the northwest has been

a source of great trouble to sheepmen,

who have been hurrying to the mountains

of southern W‘voming and northern (‘ol-

grade with their flocks as soon as showr-

Ing was over, the range being the drvest

seen in years. Owing to such conditions.

permission was granted as carlv as .Func

15 to flockmasters of Utah and Nevada

to move their flocks to certain portions of

the different forest reserves. the regular

presr-ribed time for opening any portion

of the reserves to sheep owners being

July 1.,



All kinds of swine are coming to mar-

ket except light weights and pigs. Re—

cent receipts at Chicago have embraced

at least 15 per cent more rough packers

than two or three weeks ago, suggesting

that the best hogs have been marketed.



The long continued marketing of every-

thing under the head of cattle from the

farms of the country is bearing fruit. and

a decreasing marketing of choice, long-

fed cattle has put the price for such

beeves in the Chicago market up to the





§ .i‘ig'rH'E” MICHIGAN; FARMER.





at. $9.25; to Marx ‘3’av 250 at $5, 7 av

160 at 7





highest figures seen yet. By marketing

cows. heifers and calves with unprece—

dented freedom farmers have been draw-

ing heavily on the country’s future beef

supply, and owners of fat beeves are

reaping big profits. Because of the in—

creased supplies of cattle at leading Am-

erican markets for several months in suc-

cession as compared with a year ago.

many people thought the cattle shortage

had been much exaggerated and that

there would be enough after all. but they

now see their mistake. A \vritcr on this

subject says: “The shambles have been

the ultima thule of great numbers of

potential mothers. Calf receipts at Chi—

cago last month broke all records~—not

because there were more calves produced,

no. not by a great deal, but because val-

ues are too attractive to permit owners

to risk keeping them. There has been a

ridiculously high butcher stock market,

really out of all proportion to steer val-

ues. The incentive was the cry “cheaper

beef." We got cheaper beef, but it soon

became “dearer" beef, and is so today.

There is no such thing as cheap beef in

this country. nor is there much prospect

of there being anything of the sort for

some time to come."





mvwwwi

LVETERINARY 1





MW“

CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR, V, S.





Advice through this department is free

to our subscribers. Each communication

should state history and symptoms of the

case in full; also name and address of

writer. Initials only will be published.

Many queries are answered that apply to

the same ailments. If this column is

watched carefully you will probably find

the desired information in a reply that

has been made to some one else. When

reply by mail is requested. it becomes

private practice, and a fee of $1.00 must

accompany the letter.





 





 





 





Cow Holds up Milk—My cow does not

give down her milk as freely as she

should; besides, she has a lump in the

teat. G. B. S., Osseo, Mich—\thn cows

are not excited and when they are eating

they give down milk best. Apply iodine

ointment to teat directly over the bunch

once a day.



Enlarged Glands.———I bought two small

pigs last spring: soon after I brought them

home I noticed a small bunch in one of

their throats which seemed to cause him

to cough and interfere with his swallow-

ing food. but he remained healthy. This

pig has not grown as rapidly as his mate,

but strange to say. the other pig has

swollen throat glands. J. Q. J., Richmond,

Mich—It is possible that both pigs have

tuberculosis. affecting the glands of the

throat, as hogs frequently suffer from

that ailment and when they do the throat

glands are usually diseased. Apply tinc-

ture iodine to enlarged glands once a day.

Give each pig 15 drops creosote at a dose

in feed twice daily.



Horses Pant when “'orking.——I have

two horses that do not perspire nearly

as freely as they should and I should like

to know what to do for them. C. 8.,

Lansing, MicliI—T’Vash your horses with

warm water twice a day and give each

one. one-ounce doses of tincture arnica

in feed three times a day. After the dc-

sircd effect is produced give smaller

doses. but keep up the treatment for two

weeks.



Diarrhoea—We have six pigs that are

now about three months old that are

troubled with a diarrhoea. They were in

line condition at weaning time and were

tukcn away from the mother about four

wreks ago. These pigs are kept in a.

sheep shed where l wintercd my sheep.

I havc several other pigs the same age

that are running out on pasture that are

all doing Wcll. Do you believe that my

young pigs have cholera? C. ‘1'. I1, Kol-

amuzoo, Mich—Tho pigs should be kept

out in a lot away from your sheep shed,

because it is perhaps none too free from

infection. Give each sick pig two drops

of becchwood creosote or 1 gr. of 5:1ch

at a dose three times a day. A small

dose of castor oil given early in such

cases is generally good practice.



“fire Cut—“'e have a yearling colt that

cut his fore leg on a barb wire some two

months ago, the wound is above the

knee. I have succcded in partly healing

the wound but I am afraid the lillC‘L.‘ is

going to be enlarged. What can be done

to reduce the swelling? A, L. 1%., Marion,

Mich—Apply equal parts powdered alum,

oxide zinc and iodoform to wound twice

a day. The swelling can be much more

easily reduced next winter than now.



Bog Spayin—Thoroughpin.—I have a

yearling colt that has large puffs in both

hocks which causes no lameness; my

neighbor tells me these bunches nrc thor-

oughpin. This is a horse colt and has not

yet been castrated; should he be cured

before I have him altered? A. 13., “'ayuc

(Io—You had bcllcr have the colt cas-

trated and leave his puffy hocks alone un-

til next winter. for they will be trcutc-l

more successfully then than now.



Collar Calls—l have a horse that is

troubled with sore shoulders and his skin

seems to be quite tender, so much so

that he chat‘cs whenever worked hard.

I“. M, IL. Milan. Mich—To toughen and

heal his shoulders dissolve 1,; lb. acetate

lead. 11 lb. sulphate zinc and 2 ozs. tannic

acid in a gallon of cold water and apply

to shoulders three or four times a day

after bathing them with salt and water.



Partial Parnlysis-Indigestion—Ono of

my cows has lost the use of her tail and

when walking wabhles behind; she also

stands with nose poked out and has not

shed off yet. G. E. Bad Axe, Mich—Give

her a teaspoonful of ground nux vomicn.

two tablespoonfuls ground gentian and

four tablespoonfuls Glauber's salts at a

dose twice a day. Apply equal parts

aqua'ammonia. turpentine and sweet oil

to back once a day.



Obstructed Teat.—I have a cow that has

an obstructed teat; the hunch is in the

upper part of teat next to udder; I use a





(151 51





milking tube but it troubles me to draw

milk through that. J. C. S., Lansing.

Mich—Apply equal parts tincture iodine

and spirits camphor to bunch once a day.

Perhaps you are not particular in boiling

the milking tube or dipping it in curbolic

lotion, a strength of one part acid to 30





of water. If proper cleanliness is not tot-

lowed when using a milking tube the

udder is generally infected and made

worse.





Green Fctid Diarrhoea in Calves—I

would like to know how to cure the green

fetid diarrhoea in calves; this ailment has

killed many of my young calves. A. G.. ‘

Santiago, Cubu.—\Vhen treating looscness

ot‘ the bowels it is well to considcr the

cause and if brought on from either food

or water supply being infected which is

very often the case. a change should be

made. Bowel troubles are controlled and

relieved by giving opiates in either acute

or (lll‘inlll’ bowel ailments. It is good

practice to give one or two ounces of

caslor oil to clear the bowels. The next:

trculmcnt should be opiates to check the

excessive purging: give not less than a.

teaspoont‘ul of tincture opium at a dose

every five or six hours until the ext-re-

ment hardens. Follow up this with lime

water and cooking soda. a teaspoonful of

soda and two or thrcc ounces of lime

water. The lime water is made by drop-

ping a handful of lime in a bucket of

clean water; let it stand at few hours then

pour off the first water. refill and it will





be ready for use; the first water is usu- ' ‘





ally a little sharp and bitter. Copperas,

salol, beechwood creosote, also bichloride

mercury can be given separately in small

doses with good results. I try different

ones of these remedies on different cases

and one gives me about as good results

as the other. You are living in a. hot

climate hence the great necessity to study

how to raise calves by hand. The feeding

utensils should be given much attention'

and kept clean; besides, the milk should

also be kcpt cool.



Exostosis.—My fourayear—old colt had

a hard bunch appear on shin just below

hock which caused slight lameness. I ap-

plied a good blistcr to shin and later blis-

tcred hock; some time later applied hot

salt to reduce the swelling in leg, but the

lamcuess sccms to have entirely disapc

pear-ed. \Vhat had I better apply? A.

K., Fennville, Mich—«It





limbs during hot weather;





until fall, for fear of the treatment caus-

ing lameness.



Knuckling—Fractured Hip — Leaking

“'ater from Navel.——I have a filly two

weeks old that, when she walks. both

hind fetlock joints seem to tilt forward as

though thcy wcrc weak. She does not

appear to be sick, but does not travel

right. Will these joints ever strengthen?

I also have onother l‘our-weeks-old colt

that fell down when two or three days

old, knocking the point of hip down and

in. This injury causes some lameness.

\Vhat had better be done for him?

tice in the veterinary column that a num-

ber of your readers are having trouble

with their colts leaking at the na‘veLH’T





had the same trouble with one and cured",.





mine by injecting the navel with a. weak

solution of carbolic acid and water. then

applied Monsell‘s solution of iron by sat-

urating a. piece of absorbent cotton and

bandaged it on. I made a thick syrup

of granulated sugar which assisted great-

ly in fastening the bandage to lower part

of belly. J. W. Alanson, Mich.—See

that your mare is well fed and not over-

worked, so that she will give plenty of

rich milk and her colt will get all right.

Nothing can be done for such a fracture

as your colt met with. but with the ex—

ception of

prominent than the opposite one the colt""

will be all right.





treatment of the case was proper. I

thank you for writing the results of your

treatment.



Brittle Hoots—I have a five—year-old

mare that it is almost impossible to keep

shoes on her front feet. Her hoofs are

so brittle that they break out at nail

holes and I would like to know if any-

thing can be applied that will have a

tendency to toughen her fore hoofs‘?

“’ould oiling them with linseed oil do

much good? J. \i'. K., Six Lakes. Mich.

—First of all it is important that your





mare should be kept in a perfectly heal-"j:

thy condition, for both man and beast,"'





when suffering from digestive or blood

troubles, have brittle nails and brittle

hoofs; therefore, I suggest that you feed

your more mltritimxs, easily digested food,





or picnty of grain and grass. Stand her

in wet clay lhrcc hours 21 day. and apply

lanolin (wool fat) to hoof twice a day.

l'lllsll-l'iug lh.- r‘vu‘c coroncts with ccrate





of cautlnlridcs cvcry ten days will stimu-

late a healthy growth of horn. Applica~

tions of oil and ointments that exclude

luuh air and moisturc are harmful.



Chronic (‘ough—l have a cow that has

been troublml with a cough for several

months; this coughing came on following

an attack of lung fever which she had

last winter and it has ncvcr left her.

Some of my cows. also other cows in the

neighborhood, arc troubled with bloat.

especially those that are pasturcd on

clover; it has caused the death of sev-

eral very nice cows. C. A., Cedar Springs,

Mich.~Givc her 1 oz. powdered opium

and 1 oz. powdered licorit‘c at a. dose in

fced night and morning. Whenever cows

overeat on wet clover they are apt to be

troubled more or loss with bloating.

Knowing that wet clover is the cause.

you should limit their supply and unless

tliis is done, drugs will not help you out

much. To relieve bloat it is very often

necessary to puncture. into paunch and

allow the gas to escape through a canula.

or tube. You should have a trocar and

canula on hand; they go together but

when necessary you may use a knife to

do the cutting and a large goose quill to

prevent the wound in skin and muscles

and paunch from closing until the bloat

goes down. Also give 2 oz. doses aromatic

spirits of ammonia in a pint of cold water,

as a drench every 30 minutes. ~





is generally all'l“

mistake to try to reduce a bunch on thezi’Fi

therefore, 19:48

would advise you to leave your colt alone if:





I 110°} .-





thc point of hip being less...‘





Mouscll's solution of}.

iron is one of the proper remedies for 3.1,...

leaking navel in young animals and your ,’





 

   

 





l.

)
Look Him

Right In The Eye





Two sorts of agents claim that

disk—tilled or other complicated.

hard-to—wash. out-oi-date cream

separators are modern and easy to

clean. One sort knows better. but

hopes you don't, because he wants

to sell you that kind of machine.

Look that fellow right in the eye—-

tell him you do know better and

that he can't tool you. The other

sort of agent IS Simply mistaken—

he does not know the facts. Tell

him to look at a





Sharples Dairy

Tubular

Cream Separator





Tell him ithas neither

disks nor other contrap-

tions.yet producestwrce



the skimming force.

" skims faster. skims





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





 





L THE DAIRM_ a





 





 





CONDUCTED BY COLON C. LILLIE.





 





CARING FOR COWS AT CALVING

TIME.





 





A trouble more or less found in all dairy

herds is the retention of the afterbirth,

or the failure of cows to clean off prop-

erly after calving. I wish to give here

my own experience with this trouble,

which will deal chiefly with the removal

of the afterbirth.



It may not be amiss, however, to give

at the outstart a few preventive meas«

ures and these are very simple. The





laxative feeds, such as linseed meal, and

warm water shortly before and after

calving. If the bowels are not perfectly

loose at calving time the cow should be

given one to two pints of raw linseed oil





 





twice as clean and washes

several times easrer than

Common separators. Wears

a lifetime.

The World's Best.

World's biggest separator

works. Branch factories in

Canada and Germany.

‘Sales easily exceed

most if not all. others

combined. I’robably replace

more common separators

than any one maker of_such

machtn e s

sells.





I V Cutlrilte for

.. . -. a a ogue

.yr8 No. 152





THE SHARPLES SEPARATOR C0..

“'EST CHESTER, PA.

Chic 0. III. San Francine-.0. Cal. Portland, Ore.

Heron-onto, Can. Winnipeg, Can.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





or about one pound of either Epsom or

Glauber salts.



I Many farmers pay no attention what-

'ever to cows that do not clean off. They

allow the afterbirth to decompose in the

cow and gradually slough off. This causes

a foul discharge from the vagina and

usually impairs the health of the animal;

death may actually result. There is also





main thing to do is to provide cows with





ally not matured sufficiently inside to de-

tach it from the womb.



I have very successfully practiced both

of the foregoing methods. That is. tying

a weight to the afterbirth or cutting

same off close to the vagina with a. sterile

knife, and can recommend them with

confidence to dairymen.



Wisconsin. JOHN MICHELs.





THINNER CREAM IN SUMMER.





 





I would be greatly pleased if you would '





tell me whether or not the early grass

has a tendency to make the milk thin-

ner. I cannot get as thick a cream now

as I did last winter with the same amount

of milk. I use a separator. Don’t the

winter feed make more body to milk?

Cheboygan Co. A. E. B.





I am of the opinion that the tempera-

ture of the milk when it is run through

the separator has more to do with the

thinness or thickness. or the consistency

of the cream than the feed which is fed

the cows. In fact, I do not believe that

feed could have very much to do with the

per cent of butter-fat in the cream.

“‘hen the milk is warm, you have a thin-

ner cream than when the milk is cold,

consequently this would be one reason

why you would be getting thinner cream

now than you get in the winter time. In

the winter time, even if the cows are

kept in a warm stable, the milk is much

cooler than it is in hot weather. It is





 





 





 





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;_ costs you nothing extra.

Take





90 Days’

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Why pay $85 to $110 to dealers or agents



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o





' it strikes when our gravity

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in pasture longer than any

‘ - imitation. Used since 1885.

; Thousands oi tlairynicn dupli-

: l cate 10 to 50 gallons annually



' ‘;\ after testing imitations. Abso~





   

 

   

 





 

   

 





 

 





 

   





' lutelyharmless ;cures allsorcs.





30 cents worth saves $ 1 0

worth of milk and flesh on each cow during fly season.

N0 Lice In Poultry Iiunfie or any place it is sprayed.

ll dealer offers substitute. send us his name and $1 for

3-tuhe gravity Sprayer and enough Slith )-l<l .Y to protect 200

cows Name express otficc. I returned if uniumls

not protected. Free booklet. Special terms to agents.

Shoo-Fl Mfg Co . 1332 N. 10th St..I’I}IIa..P&.



Editor {news from experience that Shoo-Fly is O.





 





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Skidded engines. here illustrated. are furnished !

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LALAIO MFG. C0.. 102 South SI., IIilIsdaIc. Ilich. ‘.





For facts about Prize and



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. E -—Marrled man to take charge of a dairy

Aolg'IhelIJornwell Farm. Clare County. Give ref.

trance: and address W. C. Cornwell. Saginaw. Mich-





 





 





 





 





Nurturing the First Great Factor in Successful Dalryfng—Fondness for the Good

Cow Herself. '





as may be expected from any animal not

in good health. Obviously, paying no at-

tention to the aftcrbirth is too expensive

a matter to be tolerated.



In other cases the farmer is overzealous

in the matter and calls in a veterinarian,

who usually proceeds at once to remove

the aftcrbirth by disinfecting the hand

and arm and exterior of the vagina and

inserting the hand into the womb to loos-





 





womb by button—like projections.





poisoning are too great with this method.



A method that has proven very satis—

factory in removing the afterbirth is to

tie a weight of about one pound to the

protruding portion and confine the cow

to her stall. The gradual pull of the

weight causes no injury, provided the

cow is confined so that the Weight can

not get entangled. A veterinarian may

call this rather crude, but I am convinced

from my own experience and observation

that this method is safer, simpler, cheaper

and more successful than the one com-

monly used by veterinarians. In fact,

there are veterinarians of the highest

repute who do not believe in putting the

hand into the womb to remove the after—

birth. A simple, and as I found it, suc-

cessful method employed by one of these

veterinarians consists in cutting the after-

birth off as close to the vagina as pos—

sible with a sterile knife. By keeping





 





lthe afterbirth cut off closely in this way





there is no chance for infection and hence

it is cast off without putrefying, even

should four or five days elapse before it

is finally expelled. The method has this

in its favor: it allows nature to loosen





the afterbirth in a normal way, which is

as it should be.

retained after calving matters have usu-





When the afterbirth is





a considerable falling off in the milk yield





en the afterbirth which is fastened to the

This is

the method in vogue by the medical pro-

fession and when followed out with the

greatest care is successful. I have known

many cows to die from such an operation,

however. even when performed by veteri-

narians, and have discarded the method

as unsatisfactory. It is expensive from-

the standpoint of veterinary fees and

often requires prolonged disinfection of

the womb after the operation, which is

time-consuming and therefore expensive

also. The chances of infection and blood





usually taken to an outside building to

be run through the separator where the

temperature in very cold weather is quite

low, which cools the milk rapidly, while

in the summer time when the thermom»

eter stands as it; has the past few weeks,

the milk is kept warm; consequently you

get thinner cream than you do in the

winter time. The amount of butter-fat.

in the cream is also affected by the speed

of the separator.





 





COWS CHEWING BONES.





 





My cows are in the habit of chewing

bones, wood, old rags, etc. hey even

chew on the side of the barn sometimes.

They have plenty of salt, so that is not

the trouble. My cows are doing well and

are looking good.



Charlcvoix Co. H. E. C.



I am quite positive that the reason your

cows chew bones, boards, etc, is because

there is a lack of phosphorus in their

diet, and this can be remedied satisfac-

torily by mixing bone meal with their salt,

half and half, and feeding it. After they

eat some of this bone meal and salt. I

think you will find they have no desire

to chew bones, boards, etc. A short time

ago I visited the Experiment Station of

Minnesota, at St. Paul. Prof, Heacker

pointed out that in his experiment stable

where he was experimenting along the

line of digestion with a bunch of steers,

that the front of the mangers had been

chewed by the steers. When he noticed

it he asked the attendant if bone meal

had been mixed with the salt. The at-

tendant said that this had becn neglected

and on supplying the bone meal with the

salt, this desire to chew the manger was

entirely done away with. In place of

bone meal, ground phosphate rock could

be used and would be practically as sat-

isfactory. Probably, however, you can

secure the bone meal easier than you

could ground phosphate rock, or floats.





 





 





The man who milks his cows and keeps





no record of the results is working in the

dark.





For the average dairyman it is cheaper





to raise his own cows than to buy them.

Besides, if he has good cows to begin with

he can more wisely select the calves

because of an intimate knowledge of the

work of the mothers.





Now The Time

To Buy A





E [AVAI-





CREAM

'SEPABATOR





The hot weather “dog days”

are at hand when you need 9. DE

LAVAL Cream Separator most,

with its great timedabor and qual-

ity savings over any gravity sys- _

tem or any other so-called sep—

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Considering the season a nd

high butter prices there never was

a better time to make this most

neeeessary and profitable of all

dairy investments, with one cow

or a thousand, than right: NOW.





Don’t foolishly put ofl'this Wise

purchase that will half save its

cost; by autumn and fully so by‘

another spring, in addition to the ‘

oceans ofcomf‘ort and satisfaction '

its use brings to the whole family.





The Delaval Separator (lo.





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i'FiRMERS’fLUBg





Address all communications relative to

tIhe organization of new clubs to Mrs. C.

. Johnson, Metamora, Mich.





 





 





   





 





Associatlonal Motto.—

fThe skillful hand, with cultured mind,

is' the farmer’s most valuable asset.





 





Asooclatlonal Sentlrnent—

The farmer, he garners from the soil

the primal'wealth of nations.





THE SIMPLE LlE—E.





 





Paper read at the June meeting of the

Indianfields Farmers Club, by Ellen C.

Purdy.



_Of late years we have been reading a





great deal about the ‘simple life: the get—

ting back to first principles; to primitive

man; to nature and her vast stores of

beauty. But the pendulum swings slowly,

and but a little way in that direction.

What is the simple life? It seems to be

the elimination of an unnecessary frills

and foibles both in dress and surround-

ings, business and pleasure, mind and

heart. .



From the crowded highways of life,

with their hurry and bustle, rush and

roar, to the 'unfrequented by-ways wind-

ing along by green pastures and hedges,

waving trees and silver streamlets. Too

many of us think that the more dust we

kick the m'Ore we are enjoying ourselves

and fulfilling life's mission.



Emulation is the greatest enemy of the

simple life. To excel our neighbors in

domicile, furnishings, fashion, equippage

and fortune seems the aim of the masses.

If our neighbor gets a cut-glass salad

dish, we speedily aspire to a punchbowl;

if he sports in an auto of the latest make,

we begin to inquire the price of aero-

planes. “Keep up with the procession,"

and get a little ahead of it if possible.

in no one thing is this antagonism to a

simple life shown more than in this blind

following of fashion.



' Good, expensive and really artistic gar-

Gfients are hung aside for the moths, or



logged off to the rummage sale, because

‘Yorsooth Dame Fashion pronounces them

“as “out." 'The idea that we are ruled in



action, and beggared in purse by a set‘ of

=: rgflsmakers employed by the dry goods

5 ea to stimulate trade.



There are some foreign nations whose

prevailing style of dress has not changed

fin a‘century. With us most things are

y'out' before they are fairly in or we have

become accustomed to their ugliness and

,ofttlmes ludicrous appearance. It is an

Lold proverb that “fools build houses, and

wise men live in them.” I sometimes

think when gazing at some of the latest

“swell” styles, that lunatics make the

fashions and idiots wear them.



The really necessary things of life are

few; a roof to shelter, a fire to warm;

a bed to sleep in; plain nutritious food

and comfortable clothes with no fripperies

or flounces; the rest, is froth, foam, vanity

and vexation of spirit. It is the reaction

from a race that is unsatisfying, that is

taking many back to simple ways and

living. The millionaire has his great

country estate in the Adirondacks or

Masaschusetts Hills, with sometimes a

mansion, but often an unpretentious log

house. Here he gets near to nature, the

Great Mother of us all, and whose won-

derful kaleidoscope effects outrival all our

pigmy efforts at imitation.



John Kendrick Bangs says:



“The soft sweet notes of woodland birds,



The crowing of the lowing herds,



The rustling zephyrs as they pass



Across the tree tops and lush grass,



The humming of the bees, the throng



Of insects with their evensong.



The chirp of cricket, and the note



Of treetoads on the air afloat.



The monotones of waters free,



The murmurs of the forest tree,



The rich crescendos of the gale,



Staccato of the rain and hail— .



These are the songs our fathers stirred;



These are the songs that Adam heard;



These are the anthems that will be

nchanged through all eternity;



he Symphony Divine that rolls

From Heaven forth to human souls.



To cheer the heart and ease earth‘s strife

With promise of immortal life."_



In our grandfather’s days people were

content to work a lifetimeand thought

themselves lucky to acquire a competence

or small fortune in middle life. The gen-

eration of today looks for wealth in the

early thirties and expects to begin where

its parents left off.



Some of you may remember the anec-

dote told at a- prohibition meeting at the

Caro opera house. of the three men con-

demned to be hung; the judge gave them

their choicefof a tree for the execution.

The Englishman chose an oak, the Scotch-

man chose an elm, but the Irishman de-

clared his preference for a gooseberry





 





.w.





bush- "But man,” said the judge, “a

gooseberry bush is not big enough to hang

you on.”



“Ah,”_ replied the Irishman, “then I'll

wait till it grofivs."



We are not willing to wait for growth;

we want things now, full grown, full-

fledged, and we crucify health, conscience

and friends to obtain that which is but

naught and soon passes away.



This nervous rush for place or power

for gold or fame is what makes our peo-

ple gray and aged at the very time when

they should be in the very prime of life.

And what will these perishable possessions

amount to in the end? A chiseled stone

and a half-dozen lines in the obituary

column after all toiling is over and “life’s

fitful fever" ended, make us ask, is it

worth while?



Rather let us take time to be glad, to

rest and reflect. We pass this way but

once, let us enjoy the road even if we

are not whirled along at auto speed. Re-

member that “life is short and we shall

be a long time dead.”



Fill life, then, with essentials and com-

fort. The beyond is with the Omnipotent.

There’s a song I have heard of two chil-



dren who came



On the very same day to a town,



But one in a house on a terrace was

born,



And one in a street further down:



One came to a life of plenty and ease,



And one to want and to woe,



While one was arrayed in garments fine,



The other rags was to know.





Each lived their life of sorrow or joy,

Filled their niche as each of us may.

And as they were born so both of them



died,

In that town on the selfsame day.

But the angels who joyfully welcomed

them in

To the City of Gold did not know

Which one came from the terrace house

And which from the street below.





Here’s a thought for us all, which we

well may heed,

Whether we feast or fast,

’Tis what we do not what we wear

That will count in the end at last;

If we only pass through the “gates of

pearl,"

It will not matter not to know,

If on earth we dwelt on a terrace grand,

Or lived in the street below.





CLUB PICNICS.





 





The fourth annual picnic of the Thorn-

apple Farmers’ Club was held in Aaron

Adams’ grove in West Thornapple on July

4. The day ~was an ideal one for a picnic

and about 300 people gathered to enjoy

the day, as an excellent program had been

prepared. The Caledonia uniformed band

furnished excellent music throughout the

day. John C, Ketcham, postmaster of

Hastings, and former county school com~

misisoner, gave an address in the fore-

noon on “The Farmer of Tomorrow." This

talk contained many splendid thoughts

and was much enjoyed by all and should

spur his hearers on to better agricultural

efforts during the coming years. Mrs.

Robert N. Burch, of Hastings, sang a

solo, after which a social hour and basket

picnic dinner was enjoyed by all. The

afternoon program was commenced at l

o’cloek with music by the band, after

which Rev. C. Mallcy gave the invocation

and Miss Annis Bush sang “My Own Uni—

ted States” very prcttily. Ely McNaugh-

ton recited “Spartacus’ Address Before

the Gladiators,” and several numbers were

rendered. The speaker of the afternoon,

Hon. Clement Smith, circuit judge of

Barry and EatOn counties, was introduced

by W. R. Harper, president of the Club,

and spoke at length on “The Farmers'

Best Asset." This address was forceful

and scholarly and paid tribute to the

farmer and the working man as the na-

tion‘s real source of strength. The judge

ranked the honest toiler above the idle

rich in good citizenship and this talk was

followed by hearty applause, which

showed how well it was appreciated.

The sports of the day included a good ball

game which was played by the boys and

young men. About six o'clock the crowd

dispersed, all agreeing that they had spent

a pleasant day, and the fourth annual

Fourth of July picnic of th. Thornapple

Farmers’ Club had passed into history to

be ranked with other pleasant memories

of the past.





CLUB DISCUSSIONS.





 





Marketing Milk—The June meeting of

the Conway and Handy Union Farmers’

Club, of Livingston county, was held on

the 23rd, at the home of Edward Lasher..

After the opening exercises the first topic

discussed was the most profitable market

for milk, the cheese factory or the con-

densary. _ Mr. O. E. Carr, who opened the

topic. claimed the cheese factory the most

profitable place to market the milk, since

while the price was lower at some seasons

of the year it was higher at other seasons

and the average was favorable to the pro-

ducer, while the value of the by-product

secured from the cheese factory was an

Important consideration. John Snyder,

the next speaker, favored the condensary,

since he believes the price to average

higher and the price is made six months

In advance so that the seller knows just

what he is going to get. James Rambo





favored the cheese factory for the market-





ing of milk, while the creameries came in

for commendation in the discussion, the

prevailing opinion being that the produc-

ers received better treatment on account

of the competition between these different

users of milk. The question box contained

several interesting topics for discussion.

After the completion of a good program

the Club adjourned to meet with Mr. and

Mrs. Fred Rathburn on July 29.





 





 





THE MICHIGAN - FARMER;





 





A‘AAA





 





fifiANGE ,





Our Motto—“The Farmer is of more

consequence than the farm, and should be

first improved."





 





 





THE JULY PROGRAMS.





 





Suggestions for Second Meeting.





“It is one thing to indulge in playful

rest, and another to be devoted to the

pursuit of pleasure."—-Ruskin.



Roll call, responded to by each naming

the grandest sight he ever saw.



Humorous recitation.-



Select reading, “In the fields with God."



“Summer plans for recreation,” general

discussion led by the Lecturer.



Select reading, “The Hope Farm man

on playing ball."



“Picnic Lunches," a short paper or

talk.



Surprise feature, music throughout the

program furnished by “The Zobo Band."





REASON FOR FAITH WITHIN US.—II.





 





As I was saying in a recent issue of

The Farmer, a woman lately took the

Grange to task for not making its real

work and purposes better known beyond

its borders. I have no defense to make.

In fact, I should far rather that such a

charge be made than that the organiza-

tion be charged with bombast and over-

lauding of itself. But is there not a hap-

py middle way? I think there is and that

it consists in a thorough understanding

of Grange principles and accomplishments

that adds strength to the character of the

Order and the individual. Such a convic-

tion and understanding cannot be hidden,

cannot be kept silent, though they muni-

fest nothing of the spectacular,



To illustrate how a principle may dom-

inate a person's thought and life when

once it takes deep root, let me cite an-

other woman friend, one who is subordi-

nating all self aims and possessions for

the promotion of a cause in which she

believes with her undivided heart. The

thing that has impressed me most in her

devotion and singleness of purpose Is the

thorough mastery which she possesses of

every aspect of her subject. She has

studied it from every practical vantage

point. One cannot approach her with any

query or talk with her upon any topic

but that her mind traces its relation to

this, to her, most vital matter. She has

in actuality “learned to put down self

and work for a cause," through her grasp

on its largeness. Her Cause absorbs her,

she acknowledges it to be so much great-

er than herself, so much more worth sac-

rificing for, so real and so big that she

loses her own littleness in its greatness—

and her life is full of power and sweetness

thereby.



Just so, in its realm. may the Grange

possess and impress its stamp upon in-

dividuals and they in turn stand like living

iingerposts pointing their fellow country-

men and women to its aims and work.

Just so, in fact, does the Grange now pos-

sess many of its members. They are not

noisy exponents of it but they are stanch

in their belief in it and can give a rea-

son for the faith that is within them.

Such understanding of the Grange makes

one conscious at all times and under all

circumstances of its fitness to meet the

needs of rural people. Such a person

knows that “what has been, can be." No

amount of pessimism on the part of du-

bious doubters can shake his confidence

in its ability to lead a community into a

happier, more helpful manner of living.

He cannot help radiating information re-

garding his cause. Discouragements at

hand do not daunt his confidence in its

possible ultimate outcome. He sees

things in a large way and no carping and

narrowness, brought about by local short-

rangcd views, dims his sight of its final

results. May his number increase!



It is an end to be desired and worth

the effort to attain—this understanding

of what the Grange principles are and the





(17) 53~





turer, Mrs. Jene Chanter; steward, S. L-



Houseman; ass’t steward, Lee Beebe:



lady ass’t steward, Flossie Fair-child:



chaplain, Mary A. Murry; treasurer, Fred



Beebe; secretary. Jesse Chanter; gate



keeper, Asa Wheeler; Ceres, Mrs. 110,

Beebe; Pomona, Barbara Perkins; Flora,



Amanda Reul.



Leelanau’s New Granges.-—In Leelanau

Co., which was one of the last counties

of the lower peninsula to enter the

Grange fold, has added two subordinates

to its list in the past two months. Late

in May, Deputy Fred C. W'arner installed

the officers and gave the usual instruction

to the new Grange which had been organ-

ized at Empire. A few weeks later he

performed the same service for the new

Grange at Kason town hall. The princi-

pal oflicers of Empire Grange are the

following: Master. C. J. Smith; overseer,

Albert Taylor; lecturer, Mrs. Minnie Tay-

lor; steward, D. C. King: assistant stew-

ard, Erastus Birdsey: chaplain, Mrs.



J. Smith; treasurer. Herman Rohr; sec-

retary, Mrs. D. C. King.



lngham Co. Pomona held an enthusias-

tic mecting with one of her latest acqui-

sitions on June 25. Although Vant0wn

Grange is only one year old, it is one of

the most active and prosperous Granges'

in the county. There are no pessimists

among its members and the officers are

real live optimists who waited not for

state organizers or county deputies to aid ,

them in building up the order in that sec-

tion of the county. but went to work, im-

mediately after receiving their charter. to

establish a flourishing order and have

succeeded admirably. They are con-

stantly on the lookout for new and desir-

able members and after a class is admit-

ted to membership an effort is made to

Interest each individual member in

Grange work. This is done largely

through the lecturer's work, as good pr0<

grams are presented at every meeting and

the ritualistic work is carefully observed.

Great interest was taken in the topics

under discussion at this meeting and they

covered a large field, as “How the Grange

plans to help the farmer,” “The benefits

of local option." “Eradicating weeds on

farms and highways," “Value of silo on

the farm,” “Suggestions for lightening

labor on the farm and in the kitchen.

during the hot weather," “The benefits

and the evils of trusts.” The discussions

and talks were interspersed with read—

ings, Grange songs and instrumental

music. With good cheer dispensed at

noon and at close of meeting, all who

were there felt that that “rare day" in

June had been pleasantly and profitably

spent.-——Mrs. 16, J. Creyts, Lect.





MICHIGAN ADDS THIRTY'GRANGES

IN THREE MONTHS.





 





The number of Granges organized and

reorganized in the various states from

April 1, 1910, to June 30, 1910, both in-

clusive, is reported by National Secretary

Freeman as follows:





Organlzed.



Colorado 1, Minnesota. .......,1

California ........ 21 New York. . . . ..' 4

Connecticut ..... 1i Oregon . . (a. . . ,I. ., 8

Idaho ............ 3 OlIlo‘.......‘"......'9

Kansas .......... 3 Pennsylvania . . . . 7

Maine, ........... 2 Rhode Island . . . . 1

Maryla nd ....... 1 South Dakota . . 1'

Massachusetts .. 1 Vl’ashington . . . . .17

Michigan ........ 30 ~—



Total ..........92



Re-Organized.



Kentucky ....... 1 Pennsylvania . . . . 2

Massachusetts 1 “'ushinglon . 1

Michigan ........ 1 \Vcst Virginia .. 1

Ohio ............. 1 ~—



Total ......... . 8





THE GRANGE IN OTHEQSTATES.‘





 





The Pomona. Grange, of Center Co., Pa...

probably holds the record for a long ser-

ies of annual events partaking of the na-

ture of a county fair and encampment.

It started as a one-day Grange picnic in

1874 and was converted into a three davs'

encampment in 1887; in 1890 the county

Grange bought 28 acres of land and con-

verted it into a park, known as Grange

park, paying $115 an acre, the title and

ownership being absolutely in the county

Grange, It being an incorporated bodv.

Since the purchase of the ground there

has becn addcd to the encampment a.

Grange fair which has been enlarged from

year to year. The whole ground is thor- '

oughly equipped with suitable exhibition

buildings. The county Grange also owns

a large number of mus and full camp

equipment which are rented to families

at $3 per tent. Several hundred farmers

and their families camp every year, the

attendance aggregating from ten to fif-

iccn thousand. The thirty-sixth of these

annual cncampmcnts was held last Sep-

tember. The general exhibition building

el'i’t‘lt‘d three years ago has proved a great

attraction and has bccn crowded with

exhibits. The museum of relics is a very

interesting feature and attracts many

people.



The Grange in Massachusetts is leading

the fight of the milk producers of that





state, holding meetings all over the state,

sendmg out letters and circulars, inter-

cstmg the producers out of the Order as





part'their development has played in the Well as “those inside and sending special



making of present-day country life con- commumcallons to sections where there



ditlons. To attain it is to master no in- lintthesitligisg “Edwin?“ 0th waverling. The



d . , 1 .. l- s or Iriccs lat wil give the



IonSIderable poIlIon of the history of 3“an producer a fairer proportion of the



recent rural progress and cfiiCIency. lll‘OfltS accrumg from the sale of this

JENNIE BUELL. necessary commodity.





COMING EVENTS.





 





 





AMONG THE LIVE GRANGES.

——-—— Grange Rallies an P' .

Harmony Grange, of “'nyne Co., had Ocean-o. Co., at Pcntxgatef‘mcssaturday

an attendance of 175 at its last meeting Jully 23. ’ ’

in June. On this occasion the ,third and .cnawee Co. Pomona, ' ‘ ~

fourth degrees were conferred upon a Grange, Thursday, Aug fifth Fruit Ridge

good sized class and the hall had been Pokagon Grange, Cass Co‘ at Wiest‘s

tastily decorated with flags, flowers and Landing, Indian Lake, Thursday Au 4

foliage plants. A two—course luncheon Northern Lenawee Co Gran g. d

was served and a short literary and musi- Farmers’ Clubs, at Sand Lake Painag

cal program enjoyed. Landing, Saturday, Aug. 13 . 3

Blackman. Grange—Deputy John F. Kent Co. Pomona, at Silver Lake Ca

Wilde organized a Grange of 44 members non township Kent Co “red - d n-

at the Blackngian thn fhe?“ Monday eVe- Aug, ' " "95 aY.

ning, June 1. T e 01 owing are the Pomona Me t

temporary officers: Master, Mrs. M. B. Charlevoix Co., with efigfgbw Gran e

Raymond; overseer, P. F, O’Leary; 160- Thursday, Aug. 18.‘ g'
54 (18>: '





v-v-r





‘HORA'l‘lCULTURl-Ii





MONEY IN THE EARLY PEA CROP.





 





 





 





 





With anything like fair conditions there

is good money in early peas. The crop

can be turned quickly and the ground

thus occupied is in excellent shape for late

cabbage, celery or turnips. Another ad-

vantage is that they leave the soil in ideal

shape for a second crop. Ninety days is

a short time in which to plant and mar-

ket a crop and clear the ground for a.

second crop. Yet with the right varieties

of peas this can be done with certainty

and ease.



We were not dependent this year upon

the city for a market but found quick sale

in our home village for all we had and

could not begin to supply the home de-

mand. \Ve catered entirely to private

trade and did not supply the stores at

all. This, of course, takes time and makes

more work. “'e set our own prices and

pay no attention to what the grocers sell

at, provided they have any to sell. There

is much in picking them at just the right

stage and delivering them fresh from the

vines. Our customers in general soon

discover the difference between the fresh

article and those that are picked hap-

hazard and lie around in the stores from

one, to three or four days. Customers,

it is true, sometimes demur and tell us

they can buy at the stores for less mon-

ey. Very well, so they can, sometimes;

and often they go and try it for once;

but usually with the result that they are

after us next day and are entirely satis-

fied to let well enough alone and buy an

article they can eat and not have to

throw it away. “'e find that one satisfied

customer brings us others, and usually

all the orders we could handle were in a

day in advance of delivery so that we

knew where we were at all the time; but

just deliver one order of worthless trash

and there is no necessity for making a

second trip. It goes without saying that

it requires time and pains to pick and

market in this way, and it takes many

times going over the vines, and judgment

and care in picking just at the right

stage of maturity but the results justify

the’exttja labor. I



At the yield and prices of this year,

which are in no way out of the ordinary,

our crop showed a rating of $200 per acre.

This, we should say, is entirely conser—

tive and not a bad showing for a crop

so easily and quickly grown, and one

that so readily gives place to a second

crop.





Wayne Co. J. E. MORSE.





 





AN EXPERIMENT WITH FERTI-

LIZERS.





 





The photos reproduced on this page are

of an experiment showing the effects of

fertilizers on clover. This is one of a

series of tests that are being made to

work out the effects of fertilizers under

different combinations on fruit trees. The

one in the pictures was not made for the

purpose of testing the effects on clover,

but rather the results on the pear trees.

But the effects are so marked that the

pictures have been taken.





The ground on which the experiment





shown in the pictures is being made was

formerly an old peach orchard. The

method of handling this ground was pub—

lished in the Michigan Farmer about two

years ago. thile the peach trees were

growing the ground was handled after the

usual custom of those days—~continuous

cultivation with little in the way of fer-

tilizing. The result was that when the

trees were removed the soil was so de—

void of humus that no paying crop could

be grown on it. The aim has since been

to grow the pear trees and at the same

time improve the soil. When the peach

trees were taken out the pear trees were

set and llllllt‘llt‘tl with stable manure in

a fresh condition, and the ground sown

to oats and Canada field peas. The grain

only grew about six or eight inches high

and when ripe was plowed down and al-

lowed to grow up a second crop. Since

then the ground has been seeded to clover,

with oats as a nurse crop, and the next

year the clover plowed down. The medi-

um red clover has been used. The third

crop of clover is now growing, and of

course, is only raised as a humus crop.

The soil is a rather heavy clay loam with

clay sub—soil.



This experiment covers three plats

of about one-eighth of an acre each, or

three rows of pear trees with 14 trees in

a row. The trees are planted 20x20 feet.

and the fertilizer was broadcasted and

extended not quite to the center of the





THE "MIQHIG’A’N ’ FARME‘R‘.





three rows on either side. Plat No. 1 Was

left untreated as a check. On the other

two the fertilizer was applied on a basis

of 1,000 lbs._ per acre of a 2:7:10 mixture.

On plat 2, 107 lbs. of a mixture composed

of 20 lbs. of dried blood, 62 lbs. of acid

phosphate and 25 lbs. of sulphate of pots

ash was applied. Plat 3 received the

same quantity of blood and acid phos—

phate as No. 2, but the potash was omit-

ted. The applications were made about

the middle of May, 1909, the oats and

clover seed being put in at the same time,

and the ground worked with a disc har—

row. It had previously been plowed and





a good crop without rain. We are consid-

ering the proposition of getting hose

enough to connect to the village water-

works hydrant about 20 rods away and

try irrigating on a. small scale. Water

would cost about one-third of a cent per

barrel. In fact, we have been considering

for some time the‘feasibility of putting

our small fruits in a field bordering on a

street where a water main runs and pip-

ing so as to irrigate during dry spells

at fruiting time as at present, and should

like to know what Michigan Farmer read-

ers think of the plan.



The strawberry season is nearly over





 





 





To the Left is Plot No. 1, or Check Plot, while at the Right is Plot No. 2, where

Potash was Used with Dried Bone and Phosphate.





the cats and grass seed put in, but as it

was advisable to work the fertilizer into

the soil, that under treatment was again

sowed with cats and clover. There is

a very perceptible difference between the

clover now standing on the plat treated

with the complete fertilizer and that with

the potash left out, but this does not

show so clearly in the photos. But the

difference between the fertilized and un-

treated plats is very marked, as will be

noted by the growth about the feet of

the men standing in the clover.

Allegan Co. EDWARD HUTCHINS.





FRUIT NOTES.





 





Although 1910 will not go down as a

banner fruit year, yet the prospects are

not altogether dark. As the apples grow

the few show up more and some trees

that showed few earlier now appear to

have a respectable half crop. To offset

this, however, there is a heavy drop com-

pared with the amount of fruit on the

trees, probably due to a weakening by the

frost and unfavorable weather earlier and

to the present drouth which is becoming

quite serious. Where early varieties are

loaded it is time to begin thinning, and

this operation should not be neglected

for good fruit will be likely to be a good

price, and we can not produce the best

fruit when the trees are overloaded.



We have our peach trees nearly thinned

and find that the crop will be heavier

than expected, though by no means a full





and we find that we have picked about a

half crop. It was cut off at the beginning

by frost and is being cut off at the end

by drouth, and the crop shortened

throughout by the dry weather. We have

had but one shower since we began pick-

ing and had none for a week or more be-

fore, so the moisture in the soil is pretty

well exhausted. It is interesting to note

the behavior of different varieties under

drouth conditions. In general, tliOse va-

rieties that have a. dense green foliage

stand the drouth best, and those whose

foliage is scant or curls upward, do not

stand it as well. Of the last named class

the VVarfield is notable. The leaves roll

upward and the berries being so exposed

to the sun dry badly, together with the

stalks. This berry has been a very pop-

ular one, but it has not proved a satis-

factory commercial berry with us as it

produces too many and too small berries,

and does not stand drouth well. It is also

too prolific of plants. \Ve have not set

any except for plants for two years, and

this season will close out our VVarflelds.

Dunlap will more than take its place.



The Clyde is another berry that does

not stand either drouth or excessive wet,

as the foliage is scant and the fruit lies

on the ground. On some seasons it has

done exceedingly well, the best of any

variety we had, but in general these faults

render it rather undependable, and we are

not setting Clyde any more.



Our best late berry is still Aroma. It

has held the banner for the past three





 





 





 





Plot No. 2 at the Left with Plot No. 3 at the Right, where Dried Bone and Phos-





phate were Used





one. \Ve are trying to profit by last sea-

son‘s experience and get them thinned

more and so are now going over the trees

a second time. “’here the trees are well

loaded we thin to about six inches; where

the fruit is scattering and only a few

branches are full we try to thin these to

about four inches.



The raspberries are beginning to ripen,

but unless we get rain soon they will be

a light crop. We have kept a dust mulch

in the patch all along so the canes have

kept quite green but when fruiting time

comes they will not hold out and produce





withOut Potash.





seasons. I can not say that it has out-

yieldcd all others. but for producing a

moderate quantity of very firm, pretty,

medium to large, even—sized berries and

no small ones until the very last, it has

not been equaled by any other. Brandy-

wine does very well, but does not hold its

size as long as Aroma: Gandy did better

this year than last. and is quite similar

to Aroma in many respects, but does not

seem to quite equal it with us. Sample

also did well.



Hummer has proved to be a berry which

produces abundantly of sweet, large ber-





 





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Time and labor is saved in

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The perfect shape and hang

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" rial, but may at: too suit for shipping.

' Dornan is it little smaller but too suit for





a. commercial berry except to a home

trade.



semeeother varieties which we have had

on trial one and two years are Marshall,

Cardinal, Parker Earle, New York, Tex-

as, Climax, Wm. Belt, Klondike, Stevens.

The season is so abnormal that an intel-

ligent report can hardly be made. None

of them did well this season, and I can

neither endorse nor condemn on one or

even two seasons’ trial. We have not

been able to get a paying crop from Mar-

shall for the past two years, as it seems

to be such a scant bearer, and the foliage

is subject to fungous diseases. The qual-

ity of the berry isthe best. Parker Earle

yields many berries but of medium to

small size. Cardinal has not made a good

showing as yet, but we grew some veg—





letables between the plants while they





were young and injured them, so they did

not have a. good show. We have learned

that strawberry plants do not care to

divide the ground with anything else.

New York did neither very good nor very

bad. Texas came in a little ahead of

Dunlap and Warfield and produced quite a

unruber of medium sized round berries.

We will. try it another season. Climax

proved to be later than expected and

showed no particular merits. Wm. Belt

and Klondike gave a fair yield, but pro-

duced no conclusive argument for their

general setting.



Our aim is to try out the leading vari-

eties for three years or more and then

either adopt or discard them.



Calhoun Co. S. B. RAB-rims.





 





FIGHTING CUCUMBER BEETLES.





 





Our acre of cucumber plants are look-

ing very well. A week ago the beetles

began to get thick and we tried the rem-

edy advised by the factory manager, tur-

pentine and ashes. A quart of turpentine

to a bushel .0! ashes were used, the ashes

being sifted, the turpentine mixed thor-

oughly‘with it and dusted on the vines

with a pail having a perforated bottom,

the work being done in the morning while

the dew was on. It took about three-

four hs. of a bushel of ashes and 25 cents

wor ofstxgpentine and three hours labor

to go over an acre of the vines. Although

ther§: .e some of, the beetles present new

the " ‘ few hills that have been in-

jur .f‘



At; the time of applving the turpentine

and fishes’arsenate of lead was put on a

small plot. These have not been molest-

ed more than where the turpentine and

ashes were used. A few hills were left

as a; check, nothing being applied to them.

These are injured more but only one of

them is destroyed as yet.



We have just finished going over the

patch again, using arsenate of lead on

most of the vines and turpentine and

ashes on the balance, leaving the original

check plot with nothing. applied, and will

report results later.



The cucumbers were planted three feet

by seven and a row of beans set between

each two rows of cucumbers. These are

also doing well, and it would seem that

they will not interfere with the cucum-

bers, but we have not grown the two

together before and'may be mistaken. If

they are not out of the way in time we

can pull them for feed. S. B. H.





 





._.





APPLE CROP IS SHORT.



A survey of the Michigan apple crop for

1910 is not encouraging to the consumer,

and the grower will have to give the re-

maining specimens on the trees unusual

care to get from them the price of the

cultivation, spraying, pruning and other

expenses he may have been to to produce

the crop. It is certain, however, that the

loss will be greater where these cares

have been neglected. For in instances

where the orchards haVe been overlooked

in the business of the year, or have been

neglected outright, the amount of fruit is

less in quantity and inferior in quality

than bordering orchards that fared better

at the hands of its owner or renter. The

crop reporters of the state tell us that the

yield for the year according to the ap-

pearance of the trees at the first of the

month, will not be over 45 per cent of an

average crop. Consumers for the past

few years have been educated to pay a

high price for their apples and it would

seem, if thd crop outside the state is any-

thing like it ,is here. and reports would

indicate that none of the popular apple

growing sections would have a bumper

crop. they will be called upon to do so

another year, for which the growers will

in part be repaid for the failure of the

trees to carry a. heavy load.





 





‘





THE MlcmoA’N FARMER.‘





 





YVYVYV’VYYVYYYVVYVYYVVVYY





POULTRYm BEES .w





LAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAALAA





 





 





 





PREPARING FOR THE MOULTING

SEASON.





 





It is well to consider what is the best

treatment of fowls while they are passing

through the moult. Though it is a. natural

and an annual process, and not, therefore,

necessarily a dangerous one, yet, as a

matter of fact, it is a trying ordeal with

many fowls and occasionally proves fat-.11.

Besides this, while the birds may pass

through it with very little trouble, yet the

length of time it takes, and the state it

leaves them in, has much to do with the

way they start to lay again, and if, there-

fore, we can help nature in any way it is

advisable to do so.



Fowls always seem to moult earlier and

quicker when they are warm and in

places where they are exposed to the sun.

If the weather is very hot, the moulting

starts sooner, and when the weather con-

tinues warm while they are moulting

they seem to lose the feathers much

quicker and regain them quicker. Birds

that are very fat moult badly, so that it

is always advisable'to reduce the feed as

the moulting time approaches, though at

the same time the strength should be

maintained by sufi‘icient food of nourish-

ing character.



When moulting actually commences, it

is best to feed liberally on rations which

are easy of digestion and rich in protein.

The vitality must be maintained during

this critical period and the system helped

to furnish the material for the growth of

new feathers. Fowls at liberty are best

able to get through this process, for in

the food nature provides there is the very

best material for sustaining the strength

and growing the new coat. Green food

is absolutely necessary, and there is

nothing better than clover, in which the

fields are rich at this time of the year,

cspecially in the after-grmvth of mea-

dows. There is also an abundance of in-

sect life and various substances in the soil

which provide both animal and mineral

food.



W'hile we may desire to do the best

thing, it is not always easy to do it. and

as moulting fowls require different treat-

ment from thOSe not moulting, the best

plan is to separate them as they com-

mence. But how few of us can manage

this. It necessitates having a separate

house, or houses. and pens in which to

place the moulting fowls, and it: requires

that the flocks be examined each day for

the fowls that have commenced to shed

their feathers. Of course, it is easy with

those who keep a. small number to single

out those needed, but it is a difficult job

to look over hundreds of fowls for those

that are moulting. It is often not easy

to detect them, as many fowls moult

very gradually and at first it is almost

imperceptible. However, it is certainly

the correct thing to do, and any who can

manage it should do this.



Cocks should not be allowed to run with

the hens during moulting, so that. as the

number of hens not moulting decreases

they should be confined with the cocks.

Or if the cocks would not fight they might

be placed in a. pen by themselves. Indeed,

in any case, it is better to have all cocks

separate from the hens from now until

they are required for breeding in the

spring. As there is considerable variation

in the time of beginning to moult between

different individuals, and between flocks

of different ages, and also a wide variation

in the length of time it requires individu-

als to complete the moult. it is often a.

difficult matter to keep all separate and

treat them accordingly. but as far as pos—

sible this should be done.



Canada. W. R. GILBERT.





 





KEEPING FOWLS ON A SMALL

RANGE.



Most people think that in order to have

fowls profitable they must have a wide

range. Indeed, I can remember when I

thought the same thing, and ofttimes the

residents of little towns scattered through

the country do not have fowls that might

help so much toward the table supply of

good things because they think there is

not room enough on a lot to raise

chickens.



I am of the opinion that all fowls would

be more profitable if they were confined

in yards, for the simple reason that when

allowed to run they are expected to do too

much for themselves. In other words.

they are expected to hunt too much of

their food supply. Then. too, many chick-

ens that‘are lost to hawks, rains, etc.,





 





might be saved if they were in confine-

ment.



This was not what I started out to tell,

however, but how much may be done with

chickens in small space. Out here, where

land often sells for $1,000 an acre and

more and where half an acre is a

“ranch," they do things in small space

that are almost enough to take away

one‘s breath.



When I first came I began investigating

the poultry situation. Some claim there

is no money in it whatever, while others

say they have made a fortune out of

poultry alone. So I saw that I must have

personal experience to know, or must meet

someone I could believe would give me

the exact figures.



I met a gentleman who told me he had

90 hens on a city lot. That looked like

a good many to me and I asked him if

he thought they paid. “Well," he an—

swered, “to be exact, they average me

about $20 a month clear of expenses.”

Certainly it seems to me that is rather

good pay. Think what a help that would

be to many a family struggling along on

what the head of the family can make at

wages, with living expenses as they are

at the present time! '



But I was not satisfied. The next in-

terview I had was with a lady and she

had 400 fine White Leghorns on a city lot.

It hardly seems possible, but seeing is

believing, and I saw them. A finer lot of





 





<19) 55





BIG MONEY;





To Be





Made' Ill Land

Without Tilling the Soil.





Beautiful Flint Park Allotment

in Flint, Michigan, offers this

chance. Land values rising with

the growth of the town. It is one

of the fastest growing cities in

Michigan. Population has doubled

in a few years. A solid industrial

center. The home of the world

famed Buick Automobile. 15, 000

men employed in the automobile

industry alone, many more coming.

Buildings cover miles of ground,





others being erected.



Flint Park Allotment is ideally situ-

ated. Bound to become the future resi-

dence district. Is in the city limits. 12

minutes walk from famous factory dis-

trict. 110 houses already contracted for.



The finest laid out sub-division in





 





 





birds I never saw together, either. I

asked her if they paid and, while she did

not give me any actual figures, she

laughed and said they certainly did or she

would not be keeping them.



I have found that most of those who

claim they do not pay are about such

people as you will find everywhere—those

who do not give their fowls the care they

should have and who never keep an ac-

count of what is bought and sold. Of

course this system or lack of system, in

poultry raising never pays anywhere.



Still another lady who has only a lot at

her disposal has at present about 550





 





young chicks and 50 IlCllS. She sells some

of the young for fries and disposes of all

but about 50 by the beginning of the win-

ter, keeping the finest pullcts for Winter

layers. This is not her first year, so of

course, it pays.



Among them they convinced me of the

practicability of the plan and so I am

trying chickens on a. city lot at present.

“'hat my success will be remains to be

seen. I am writing this, however, to show

what others have done and to help. if

possible, those who have but little space

at their command, and those who,

although on a. farm, cannot allow their

chickens to run for One reason or an-

other.



Of course, where chickens cannot run

at large they must have green feed pro-

vided for them, and where this may not

be obtained in any other way it may be

done by sprouting oats or, what is more

10mmonly used here, barley. Here they

simply lay the seed on the ground, cover

with gunny sacks and keep them wet by

sprinkling every day until the sprouts are

well started. If you never tried this, try

it Once and the behavior of your chickens

will convince you this is what they like.



California. IRMA B. MATTHEWS.





HAVING $2.000, IN WHICH SHALL I

INVEST, A FARM OR BEES?





 





 





Of course, we might say at the start

that this depends largely upon the man,

for if a man were naturally adapted to

bee-keeping and not to farming it would

be a foregone conclusion that he would

succeed best with bees, and vice versa.

But this article supposes the man to be

equally well adapted for farming or bee-

keeping.



First, we will get as near as possible

to the average income from a farm that

can be bought and equipped with $2,000.

As we are not going to allow either man

to go in debt, the whole $2,000 can not be

applied on the purchase price of the farm.

At least $600 must be reserved for stock,

tools, etc., leaving a purchase price of

$1,400 for the farm. This will perhaps

buy a fair forty—acre farm, but not allow

for any very expensive buildings.



We will figure this farm as having

every acre tillable. Now what is the av-

erage value per acre of the crops secured

from the farm? We can only make an

estimate of this, but will try to put the

figures high enough to be on a safe basis.

The average corn crop I do not believe

will exceed 50 baskets, worth 300 a bas-

ket, and 150 bundles of stalks worth 30

each. Total income, $19.50. The average





Michigan. A beautiful boulevard

through the center. Runs back to

Flint Park on border of Flint Park

Lake. Recreation and Profit go hand-

in- hand. A sound, profitable investment.

yielding big returns. Lots sold on easy

terms. For further particulars address





Dept. B. W., Flint Park Allotment & Construction

Company, Scholield Bldg” Cleveland, Ohio.





POTATO MACHINERY





The 0 K Champion ’I‘wo1

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dig your crop and do it well

If you are in need of a digger

you can do no better

. than to secure one

. our machines. if

, you will send us

your address we will

be pleased to send you our large illustrated

catalogue and price. Our motto:





RELIABLE MACHINES AT THE IIIBIIT PIIIIIE.





CHAMPION POTATO HEOHINERV 00.

I 45 Chicago Av... Hammond, Ind. '





 





 

 

 

 





 





 





 





v‘A





ALBSMBN WANTED—To sell FRUIT TREES

d1 PLANTS. Free outfit. Commission paid week-

ly. Write for terms. Mitchell’ a Nursery. Beverly. 0.





CEDAR FENCE POSTS.





C. A. CAIN. Hillmnn. Michigan.





Three Daily Papers





For those who would like to have

three daily papers at week, we have ar~

ranged with the New York Thrice-a-

Week World so that we can offer it with

the Michigan Farmer 21 year for only

$1.40; that is, both papers a year each

for that price. Send orders to us 0!





THE MICHIGAN FARMER, Detroit.





 





 





 





 





 





INELY “REED R. C. a S. C. Rhode Island Bed

Hens to $2 each. to reduce stock. Eggs $1

per20 110nm. BROS.. Ann Arbor. Michigan.





[Coopers S. C. Brown Leghorns are "Egg

Llyers”] Hatching eggs 980 per 15; $1.40 per 30: I4

per 100. WM. J. COOPER. Mt. Pleasant. Mich.





GGS FOR HATCHING— Light Brahms, White

Wysndotte and B. P. Rock. 31 a setting: 31. 50 for

Zsetilngs. E. D. Bishop, Route 38. Lake Odessa. Mich.





BIIIIIEII PLYMOUTH ROCK 35.25;,” £353,111: gggg

15 for 11. 00 26 for $1. 50. 50 for 32. 50. 100 for 34, 50

COLON C. LILLIE. Coopersvllle. Mlchl‘nn.





WHITE WYANDOTTES—The unsurpassed

business hen. Eggs 01.50 per )5 or 02.50

per 30. A. FRANKLIN SMITH. Ann Arbor. Mich.





SINGLE BOMBIIIITE IEIiIIIIIIII Effguf,‘?,5.n’}'f,°,{‘§§.§





15 for $1. 00. 28 for $1. 60. 50 for $2.50, 100 for .4 50

COLON C. LILLIE. Cooper-swine. Michigan.





HE best in s. C. White Leghorns. Whitea Bufl

Rocks and Columbia!) Wyandottel. Eggs .1, 25 pct

15:35 per 100. C. W. Hurd .1 Sons. Davilon. Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





C. WHITE LEGHOBN EGGS, from hens

. bred to lay. 01 per 15: .5 per 100. Also

Collie pups. A. R. GRAHAM. Flint. Michigan.





HATCH yours. 0. Brown Leghorn! now. Eggs

.1 50 per30 or $4er 100. Lewis'r. Op plunder.

.110. 4. Lunch 115. Mich.





 





successor to Fred





eggs for hatchi from

Whllo "yandOTTew select breeding pangs: 01.00

for 15.01.50 for 26. .é2.50 for 50 and $4.50 er 100.

CGLON C. LILLI Coopersville. Mic has.





I"! H KING Breedernnd Exhibitorof Buflt

9 White Orpingtons. Barred Rocks.

8. C. Blk. and B. C. white Minorcu. Houdanl, W.C

B. Polish, 8. C. White LeghornmJ-p. Bantams.“

Buff 'Ducks. Blue $1.50 per 15. Willis, Michigan.





When writing to adver-





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





potato crop will not exceed 75 bushels per

acre, with an average selling price of 35c





per bu. in the fall, which will bring $26.25.





tisers please mention the

Michigan Farmer.
56 (20)





Wheat, 10 bu. per acre, value $1.00 per

bu., income, $10. Oats, 25 bu. per-acre,





Value 40¢ per bu., income $10. Rye, 10 .





bu. per acre, value 70c per bu., income

$2, Hay, 1 ton per acre, value $8 per ton,

income, $8. Beans, 8 bu. per acre, value

$1.50 per bu., income, $12, and so on

lthrough the list, these seven being the

staple crops grown on the average farm.

Averaging these crop values we find it

gives about $13.25 income per acre, Of

course we must have pasture land, garden

spot, barnyard, etc., but we will figure

that these bring in, for the purpose used,

as good an average as the rest of the

land. Thus we have 40 acres at $13.25

or a total income of $530 from the farm.

Bees Will Yield Better Returns.



Now we will suppose we had invested

this $2,000 in bees and bee supplies. We

could buy 200 colonies of bees at say, $4

each, a total of $800; 600 extracting stip-

ers, complete with foundation, $750; power

extractor and engine, $100; tanks, capping

melter, wax press, honey hoards and bee

escapes, and the various small tools need—

ed in the apiary, $150; horse and wagon,

$200, a total of $2,000.



The average yield per colony run for

extracted honey will be about 75 lbs.,

which will bring Sc. pcr 1b., making the

income per colony $6; total for 200 col-

onics, $1,200, with perhaps 200 lbs, of wax

at 300 per 11)., or $60: entire income $1,260.

To make the comparison fair we shall

have to deduct from this about $200 for

‘rent which the bee-ketpcr will have to

pay, not having a house of his own as

has the farmcr.



So far wc have said nothing about the

cost of living, which will be not far from

the same for the bee—kecptr or the farm-

er, for although it is a fact that the

farmer raiscs his own living on the farm,

it has all llt‘t‘ll figured as income and

will, in the end, have to be deducted from

the net proccctls. The avcrage man with

a small family will find he must live

fairly clOse if he gets along on $500 a

year, but to be as fair as possible we will

figure it at $100. (living the bee-keeper

the same amount to live, on. we have for

net profits, $l:’.0 for the farmer and $600

for thc lu-c—kecpcr.



But, you will say, some bee-keepers

'Will not be able in p1‘odtlce this amount

of honey pcr colony. I say no—but the

average one will, and thcre are more

farmers who will fail to produce the

amount stated on a SHAH!) farm than there

are who will come up to that. You may

say thcrc arc men who will producc many

times that amount from a forty—acre

farm. Very truc, but those men are the

exception and it is not gcncrally on $1,400

forty—acre farms whcrc those men are

found. I may also state that I know of

at least one bce-kccpor who produced

$2,500 worth of product last year from

135 colonies; also out- other who, without

any capital whatcvcr, bought 200 colonies

of bees two wars ago, going in debt for

everything, and from the proceeds has





paid for everything and increased to 350‘





colonies, thus nearly doubling his capital-

ization and paying for it complete, with

the exception of $250 which he still owes.

This gentleman has a fair share of the

comforts of life, including an automobile,

coming from his income from bees. The

first season's crop from his 200 colonies

brought him $2,000. Of course this man

understood the business before he went

in debt for the bees.





Mecosta Co. L. C. WHEELER.





New Poultry Books.





“Poultry Breeding" is the title of the

latest addition to our poultry library. . Its

author is Mr. Miller Purvis, a recognized

authority on poultry matters whose prac-

tical experience in, and study of, the m—

dustrv began nearly thirty years ago.

In this volume of over 300 pages he has

placed in easily available form the latest

and best information obtainable upon all

phases of his subject. The book is in-

tended to provc a handy reference vol—

ume. for the busy poultryman. the topics

treated being arranged alphabetically. It

is well illustrated, the cxccllent photo—

graphic reproductions of all varieties of

poultry. including turkcys. ducks, geese

and guineas, proving valuable supple—

ments to the text. Mechanically, the

book is also very satisfactory, bcing print-

ed in large type. on first-class paper, and

substantially bound. it is from the press

of the Sanders Publishing Co., Chicago,

and may be ordered through this office at

$1.50 per copy.



A book which will prove of special in-

terest t0 poultrymen who depend mainly

upon egg production for their returns is

“How to Keep licns for Profit.” by C. S.

Valentine. This is a well—bound book of

nearly 300 pages, published by the Mac-

millan Company, of New York, devoted

largely to the profitable handling of lay-

ing hens of the breeds comprising the so—

called American class. It contains the

latest ideas on the building up of ZOO-egg

flocks of layers, the most modern methods

of feeding, housing, etc. The price of

the book is $1.50 per copy and it may

be obtained through the Michigan Farmer.





 





‘ t

~ I!





THE . MICHIGAN FARMER.





l





Driving along it will be observed that some fields of





wheat





are much better than others, although the soil ‘may be the same and

the farmers had an equal chance to obtain the same results. The

good field would probably thresh 35 bushels of wheat to the acre,

while the other farmer will get about 20 bushels from the poor field.

He will be lucky to get that much.





Now the question is, in normal seasons who is to blame for

the short crop? No one but the farmer himself. He pockets the

loss and struggles along away behind his wide-awake competitor,

constantly complaining about short crops and hard times, because

he cannot compete with those farmers who produce their crop at less

cost. Therefore, it should be the aim of every farmer to get out of

the soil all that it can bear. Every bushel raised in excess of normal _

production means a pure gain and gives him an advantage over his

competitors, and this can be accomplished only by the liberal ap-

plication of our ,





fertilizers





Some Fertilizers are better than others. Yes, very much better.

There are inferior goods on the market. Competition from that

source makes our position stronger in the Fertilizer business. It

takes one season for the farmer to find out the difference. A wise

farmer will not run the risk of getting short crops by experimenting

with an unknown brand of Fertilizer of uncertain quality, but will

buy the well known goods that have stood the test, the kind that he

knows to give satisfaction.





We stand by everything we claim for our Fertilizers.

Our guarantee means that our Fertilizers are the

best that skill, experience and capital can produce.





\‘Ve want live agents for unoccuppied territory. Write us at

once for particulars. This may mean a good business for you.





The American Agricultural Chemical Co.

Largest manufacturers of high grade Fertilizers in the world.





Detroit Sales Department, DETROIT, MlCl'l.





 





 





 





FILLING





ROSS SIL “cm“...





Guaranteed Free From Defects





It is so strong, durable, compact and simple that anyone at all

familiar with machiner can see its superiority. Professional

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We have been making ensilage cutting and silo filling machinery almost

sixty years. We are the pioneers of the business, and it is our extra long

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that is practical is added by us so that we can retain the reputation and

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No one has ever effectually disputed our price. It can’t be

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No Money Required With Order.

WANTED —Uurs of





Ron Machinery lo

Represent U0.





 





 

 

 

 

 





 





Silo First--

Pay Afterwards





We would sooner convince the buyer

that his money is Well invested before

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this is to use our machine and compare it with

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It matters not what your needs. we have the machine you

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and we feel perfectly safe in asking

you to Try a. ROSS before you

buy it.



Our free Catalog tells an inter-

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that every man should know before buy-

ing. Write for it.





THE E. w. R033 co.





BOX 14 SPRINGFIELD, OHIO.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

   

 

 





 

 

 





 

 





Machinery





,uiillll





 





 





 

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

   

 

   

   

 

 





 





MID-SEASON SPECIAL!

film new 191 1 Model Bquy





Right in mid-seasonuright hen you want it

most--saving you twice the dealer’s profit, we offer

this advance 1911 model.





Murray pays the freight //\l:ll\___——/-i‘.‘

This is a genuine opportunity for quick buyers. «' \\ / j. '5')“; b

~ ifzuoaruvmjtai‘





 

 

   





Murray sells on four Weeks road trial.

Insurcs sa fe delivery Gives twoyear’szmzram‘ec.





 

     





 





Arran es constructio.. to your order. . A l ' ' '1; Ti- "' ' l



f 'IIihsstisla 5%ecialofier— l:itfi our catalog: {To get ‘ / 074 $0»; ’2] / 1:}; 0’?!" '1

u ears, e sure to as or ours ecta -4. ‘ / ,

Mid-Summer circular. Send postal ibr it today. l‘h‘hA “)é// .





 

 





The Wilbur ll. Murray Mfg. Co., 332_333 E. 5th St, 0. “\_.¢¢'





 





~islease mention the Michigan Farmer when you

,are writing to advertisers and you will do us a favor.





 





 





 





   





 





“IT IS BETTER TO BUY AN

APPLETON s l L O FILLER

THAN T0 WISH YOU HAD"

'1‘ is built; for service. It; is exactly

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gble work in ensllage cutting and silo

filling. If you have ever used an Appleton

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APPLETON QUALITY

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tion about; this splendid machine,our

honest guarantee. and our li_v_e_ and

let live prices. WRITE TODAY-NOW

APPLETON MFG. (30..

20 Fm. SI..Blh'll.mu





 





 





 





Write For Our rm Silo Book!

Let Ils Tell You Ilow

to Double the Return:

iromYourGorn crop





You can double your profits too. ‘





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

   





7000 users know from experience

' i W ‘l‘ , » BEST AND cflEAPEST

l l l Our Patented

is an airtight joint that.

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INDIANA SILO CO.

392 Union Bldfi. Auden-Ion. 111‘!“-

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,- lf You'll Let Me

This is lust a little ad—but a postal will bring my I}.

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Proposition. You can save as much answering this little ad-

more? 40. 00 lnrmon have

my "wonder and money .. _*’,_





   

 

 

 

 

 

 





unvlng prloo. My Special

Proposition will interest you.

Just a postal addressed to Gal-

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bring you everything postpaid.

WIll You Pay I Penny For

The Poul-l and save 080.00?

Address Wm. Galloway. Pros.

WM. GALLOWAV 0°.

04. Gillan-y Sta. Waterloo. In.





 





Combination Safety Hoist

and Wire Stretcher (union's Mini)





With it you can stretch wire, raise a

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hundred other such tasks quicker and



easier than in any other.



No matter how worn or wet the rope.

the Adjustable Block can be made to fit.

The harder the pull the better

the grip. Hall Hoists are made

in all sizes, 400le. to 10,000 lbs.

capacity.



Ask your hardware dealer or

wrllo for prlcoo and free trial on".





Hall Mfg. Co.

420 Main Monticello





 





 





 





   





 





BALE I8l‘l’iAY





Our “Cyclone" three stroke self teed hay press

is the latest. most powerful and ,m efficient.

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