The Only Weekly Agricultural, Horticultural andlee Stock Journal in the State.





 





 





 





VOL. CXXXV. No. 8.

Whole Number 3519.





FARM NOTES.





Menace of the Dodder Pest.



The increasing prevalence of the ap-

pearance of dodder on Michigan farms

makes a repetition of the warning re-

cently published in this department seem

expedient. The accompanying cut was

made from two specimens of dodder re-

ceived from a Lake county subscriber,

who found them growing in his clover

field about one rod apart. The cut was

made to include both samples for the rea-

son that they are of different species of

the plant. The one on the left, which is

commonly called alfalfa dodder, has rath-

er coarse orange colored tendrils and is

covered with buds some Of which are just

beginning to show the white petals of the

flower. The other species shown is com-

monly designated as clover dodder, the

tendrils being liner and of pinkish brown

and the blossoms, which are well opened,

being of a pinkish white. This tangled

mass of vines so completely entwine and

surround the small stems





DETROIT. MICH.. SATURDAY, AUGUST 20. 1910.





this old, yet to us new, enemy of the le-

gumes that are almost the foundation of

profitable agriculture.





White Cl0ver—Spraylng Potatoes.





Does white clover fertilize the soil the

same as June clover, and w0uld it be a

good plan to sow some with the June and

alsike clover and timothy? If so, 'how

much of each should be sown per acre

on low ground? I would also like to know

how blight starts on potatoes, or how the

potatoes look when first attacked. My

ptatoes 100k a. little yellow with black

tips on the leaves, but I think it comes

from the dry weather. Would it be a

good plan to spray them anyway? If so

kindly advise as to the proper formula

to use in making the Bordeaux mixture.



Ottawa Co. SUBSCRIBER.





XVhile white clover is a legume and

harbors bacteria which help to enrich the

soil, it is not nearly as valuable as the

June root clover for this purpose for the

reason that it sends down no deep roots,

and does not add as much vegetable mat—

ter to the soil nor bring up as much avail-

able mineral fertility from the lower

strata of soil. Then it does notlhave as





wilt andnot with blight. Early blight

produces some such effect on the vines,

but late =blight, which is by far the more

destructive, has an altogether different

effect on the vines. This disease pro-

gresses very rapidly under favorable

weather conditions, and often a field will

be practically killed within a week after

the attack is first noticed. Black or dark

colored and sunken spots will be noticed

on the leaves and the foul odor of the

decaying tissues will be plainly apparent

as the disease spreads. Its prevalence and

progress depends not a little upon favor-

able weather conditions for the germina-

tion of the blight spores. Muggy weather,

when the temperature remains rather

constant both day and night at around 70

dogs. favors rapid development. In bright

weather, when the temperature runs up

to 80 degrees or higher, or down to 50 or

below at night, there is comparatively lit-

tle danger of the late blight developing to

a harmful degree. But when the atmosA

phore is humid with cloudy days and





75 CENTS A YEAR

32.00 FIVE YEARS





undoubtedly pay to spray the late crop

as a. protection from loss by blight. But

unfortunately we can not tell when the

blight will be troublesome, and if we wait

for it to put in an appearance it will be

too late to spray the crop for protection.

Bordeaux mixture is not a cure for the

disease, but simply a. protection. It pro-"

vides a defence against the blight spores

entering the plants through the leaves,

or weakens their vitality to a marked de—

gree, and if it will pay to spray at all it will

pay to spray before the blight appears

and at least as soon as favorable weather

for the development of the blight fungus

occurs. This has. been the writer’s prac-

tice for several years, and he will spray-

again this year, although there has been

no evidence of blight in his neighborhood

in recent seasons. lut it would appear

that this is one of the years when pota—

toes will bring a fair price. At least the

present condition of the crop is not placed

very high by the August crop report, and

the stand is not generally very good.

Then the weather has





 





of clover as to make them

almost indistinguishable

in the illustration, which

shows f.Jiow little chance

the ghost plant has for

growth or even life when

once” thhsez. “bloodsuckers”

get hold of it. The

abundance of the buds

and bloom on 'the fine

vines well illustrates the

fact that the plant pro—

duces seed in abundance

for its own perpetuation.

The fact that these two

species of the pest were

found growing in the

same field shows that nei-

ther is particular as to

the nature of the clover

which is its host plant,

and these frequent dis-

coveries by the Michigan

Farmer readers that they

have the pest growing on

their farms makes ap-

parent the necessity of

care in the selection of

clover and alfalfa seed if

we are to keep our farms

free from this worst cn-

emy of clover and alfalfa,

\Vherever this weed ap-

pears in the clover or al-

falfa fields of the state it

should be at once eradi-

cated by prompt and en-

ergetic treatmcnt. It

Should be dcstroyed right

where it is by burning be-

fore seed is ripened, and

in cases where it is gen-

erally scattered through





 





 





not been favorable for the

early crop over a wide

section of the country,

and while the crop may

develOp later and be bet-

ter than is expccted, yet

it seems wise to avail

ourselves of every means

at hand to promote a.

good yield.



In I'n‘ci'nlring the mix-

ture for spraying pota-

toes it, is much more con-

venient to have the cop-

per sulphate dissolved

ready for use. About

three pounds of the crip-

per sulphate can be dis-

solved in one gallon of

water, and the solution

should be made in a.

\voodcn lmrrvl as it will

Corrodo metal. The Writ-

or has always use two

gallons of this stock solu—

tion to 50 gallons of wat-

cr, making six pounds of

the copper sulphate. Re-

ccnt cxpcrimcnts seem to

demonstrate that four

pounds is sufficient, but

our sprayer is of an old

type and does not apply

it as heavily as some of

the more modern ma-

chincs, for which reason

we have continued to

use, the stronger solue

tion. In mixing the solu-

tion it. is best to add the

dcsirr-d amount of this

dissolved copper sulphate

to about :25 gallons of





 





 





fields it should be plowed

down before it has

ripened seed, since if seed is matured and

scattered over the ground it will be nec-

essary to resort to thorough cultivation to

secure its germination and to kill the re-

culting 'plants before the field can be

safely r'eseeded. The seed is somewhat

smaller-than clover or alfalfa seed and

can be removedby a careful sifting in a

sievé having 20 meshes to the inch. But

it is far better to make sure that the seed





purchased is free from the seeds of this.





pest, which is occasionally putting in its

appearance in widely scattered localities

in Michigan, and 'which can be prevented

from becoming. troublesome only by that

vigilant care which is “the price of

liberty." But it is much easier and

cheaper to keep our farms free from this

and other weed pests than it is to eradi-

cate them after we onqe‘get them, hence

the repeated words of caution regarding





\





good a mechanical effect on hard soils and

is nowhere near as abundant a producer.

For these reasons it would not pay to sow

the seed with the other clovers in seeding

down the land. Where it has grown on





fairly fertile soils it will often run in if





the sod is left for two or more years,

especially on pasture land, occupying va-

cant places in the turf and adding to the

variety and yield of feed. But on low

land the alsike clover will prover the best

producer. and the most enduring, and

should be made a larger factor in the

mixture of grasses sown than June clover.

Redtop is also a good grass to sow on low

lands either for hay or pasture, especially

where the sod is to be left f0r some time,

and should always be included with the

clovers and timothy in seeding such lands.



Probably the potatoes described in this

inquiry are affected with sun scald or





Two. Species of Dodder Found Growing in the Same Field by a Lake County Farmer.





warm nights, the conditions are favorable

for the rapid development of the disease.



\Vhether it pays to spray for the dis—

ease each year, whether the blight seems

likely to be prevalent or not, is a difficult

question to answer. The experiment con-

ducted at a. number of experiment sta-

tions to determine this point seem to in-

dicate that it does, as the yield is in-

creased considerably even when the late

blight is not present. Of course, when

potatoes are cheap as they were last year

this is not much of an object and would

not repay the cost of spraying. But one

can never tell when potatoes will be plen-

tiful and cheap or when they will be

scarce and high very far in advance of

the season for harvesting the crop. The

latter condition is sure to prevail when the

blight and other similar causes shorten

the crop, so that in such seasons it would





water in the spray bar-



rels. 'l‘hcn dilute .the

lime in a Similar amount of water, strain-

ing same to remove any lumps and mix

together in the spray barrel. Heretofore

we have always slakcd the stone lime and

kept it on hand in a paste form, but this

year we have some hydrated lime which

will be used for the purpose. Various

quantities of lime are used, varying from

four to six pounds to 50 gallons of the

mixture, but enough should always be

used to neutralize the vitriol and prevent

the burning of the vines. It is much

more safe and convenient to have at hand

some test by which we can tell when

enough lime has been added to make the

solution safe. Several such tests are

available, but we have found the follow-

ing to be satisfactory in use. Get ten

cents worth of ferro-cyanide of potas-

sium (yelloivtr prussiate of potash) and dis-

solve in a. little water. When the lime~
126 ll) ‘





has been added dip out a little of the

solution and add a. few drops of, this test

solution. If no discoloration of the mix-

ture occurs, sufiiclent lime is present to

prevent burning of the vines. If the mix-

ture is discolored by the addition of the

test solution, more lime should be added

and .the test repeated. Additional lime

does no harm so long as the mixture 'is

ekept at a proper consistency to work well

in the sprayer.



Just when the spraying should be com-

menced and how often it should be done

is a matter for individual judgment. But

the vines must be kept well covered with

the mixture to insure a profitable degree

of immunity. This may be accomplished

by three or four applications in the aver-

age season, and it may take five or six

applications to accomplish the same re-

-sults when heavy rains Occur frequently

to wash the solution off the vines. But

if it pays to spray at all it pays to do the

job thoroughly, which means to begin

before there is any appearnce of blight

and keep the vines covered with the so—

lution until the crop is nearly matured.

In a. normal season spraying should be

begun when the plants are six to eight

inches high. This year early spraying

rhas not seemed necessary, 'but it should

not now be delayed longer if it is to be

‘done at all.





 





DRY WEATHER FARMING.



We have all read of the dry farming

conducted in certain parts of Texas and

the west where no moisture falls from

scedtime to harvest, yet it is claimed that

fairly good crops are grown by means_of

almost continuous cultivation. There be-

ing no 'showers there is nothing to pack

the ground and make it crusty and a dust

mulch is quite easily kept.



We might reason from this that we can

apply the dry farming principle to our

own farming during dry seasons, and per-

haps we can. The disadvantage is that

we do not know soon enough when it is

going to be dry or how long it will last

any more than we know when our barn

will burn or whether it will ever burn.

We keep an insurance, however, to guard

against the possibility of total loss from

such a catastrophe. and just so it seems

neceslsary to continue cultivation and stir

the soil‘after each rain as we do not

know wheiiher a drought will follow or

not, and it’ is too late to cultivate to the

best advantage after we find out.



“'9 are trying the dry farming idea in

our corn fields, potatoes, and strawber—

I‘lOS, yet I am not sure whether it will

pay. However. it looks reasonable that

a field kept free from weeds and covered

with a dust mulch will have more water

to evaporate through the foliage rather

than from the surface of the ground, and

hence the growing crop will receive more

benefit from it. Since harvest we have

been over the cornfields every week, go-

ing shallower each time and not getting

too near the hill. Many cornfields have

not been cultivated since 'the harvest sea-

son, yet we can hardly make a compari-

son betwecn them and say the difference,

if any, is due to the cultivating for we

do not know just what initial difference

there is in the propensity of the soils for

holding moisture. or the difference in fer-

tility and humus content, which makes a

great difference in moisture conditions.

This fact is clearly demonstrated in two

corn fields of our this season. One is on

land that has been given a good rotation,

with plenty of stable manure plowed un-

der, the other is on a. field recently bought

which has been handled very differently

for many years back. The latter soil is

hard and seems (lead and dry in spite of

plenty of cultivation and a good coat of

manure in the spring. while the former is

loose and appears to hold moisture better

—not too loose, of course, but having

enough humus so it does not bake and

pack.



Perhaps the trouble with us farmers is

that we do many things without being

thoroughly, satisfied that the operation is

a paying one or we neglect to do things

because we do not know whether it will

pay or not. If we knew we were to get

double wages for every day put on the

corn field at after-harvest cultivation,

many of us would cultivate more than we

do while if we knew we would not get

paid for the labor few of us would do it.

After all, most of- our operations must be

measured by dollars and cents. One rea-

son why we do not know more about the

value of these operations is because it

requires extra labor to experiment and

find out to our own satisfaction. We can

to a certain extent, depend upon the ex-

periment stations to do this work for us,

but there are some things that We must





'work. out on our own farms to be fully

satisfied with results. For instance, in

cultivating if we will leave m rows un-

pultlmted in the some field where condi-

tions are similar and then measure or

weigh the corn from an equal number of

rows having the different treatments we

will have a fair test, and a succeSsion of

these tests on different seasons will es—

tablish a. fairly reliable rule.



The Department of Agriculture is now

working along the line of determining

whether as good a crop of corn can be

grown by simply scufllng off the weeds,

keeping the field clean without cultivat-

ing, as can be grown by ordinary culti-

vaiton. Preliminary experiments seemed

to show that by keeping corn clean a good

crop could be grown without cultivation,

but they are not making any statements

until trying it out further in different

parts of the country, which is being done

this season. Possibly we will have to

change our ideas of cultivation but we

will wait and see if it is not some theory

that, like the soil culture, instead of ma-

nure proved to be rather a theory than a

safe practice.



Calhoun Co. S. B. H.

SELECT HEALTHY SEED BEANS



FROM THE FIELD.





 





Relating to anthracnose in beans, 3

paragraph in the Experiment Station

Record says:



“The collection of clean seed by hand

picking, while in some instances resulting

in a diminished amount of disease, in

general has proved of no value ill eradi-

cating Or even partially controlling the

spot. The removal of diseased seedlings,

which is impracticable except in short

garden rows, it is believed may be disre-

garded as a factor in controlling the dis-

ease. Spraying with Bordeaux mixture,

if exceedingly thoroughly done, is effec-

tive in controlling the disease, but under

field conditions with the present machin-

ery it is not believed sufficiently advan-

tageous to warrant the expense and trou-

ble. The cultivation or working of beans

when the plants are wet should be avoid—

ed as much as possible. On this point

the author says there should be no dis-

pute. The spores are held together in

mass by a sort of mucilage which is dis-

solved during the time the plants are wet,

and at this time _‘any disturbance of the

plants scatters the spores to other plants

that may not be affected.”



In considering methods of control of the

disease, the author places most reliance

0n clean seed. This can be obtained by

securing seed from non-infested regions

or it may be careful selection of the

beans in the field, seeing that no spots

are found on any of the pods. If on

careful inspection the pods appear sound,

the seed will not be diseased Within. These

apply equally to bacteriosis, another com-

mon disease among beans.



W. J. BEAL.





 





Ll LLI E FARMSTEAD NOTES.





 





It is pretty dry to plow for fall wheat,

but it is the time of year where if you

practice sowing wheat after oats the

plowing must be done, or there is no

chance to get any wheat in this fall. We

have one 20 acre field, plowed August 8.

I don’t think there was a particle of moist

dirt turned up with the plow on the

entire field. This field was into corn and



' potatoes last year and into peas and oats

this year. It plowed up much better and

much easier than one would imagine,-the

ground being so dry. We immediately

followed the plow with a roller and

then a spike tooth harrow, and if we

should get a good rain, the balance of

the fitting will be easy. The ground is

not in bad condition.



When the ground is so dry it takes a

lot of plow points. My men used on the

average four points each per day, one

point lasting only a quarter of a day. Of

course we did not use all new points,

but the points are sharpened. I have a

good emery wheel that we can run with

the gasoline engine and it is a short job

to sharpen these points. I know of no

piece of machinery on the farm that gives

better satisfaction than this emery wheel,

when you want to plow real dry land.

It takes some little skill to sharpen a

plow point on an emery wheel. Some

people don’t understand it at all. The

lower edge of the shear and the point

wants to be straight and sharp. Some

attempt to grind the point on both sides.

This is wrong. You want a straight edge

like a plane orabroad axe, and the grind-

ing must‘ all be done from one side. On

the bottom side it is a good plan to grind

out a little bit to make it just a little bit





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





 





hollowlng back of the edge, on the same

principle as a hollow ground razor, then

the point will tend to wear sharp instead

of wearing dull. Just as soon as the lower

part of the point is Worn. then the ten-

dency is to run ontyof the ground instead

of staying in the ground. .



The feed in our cow posture is practi—

cally all gone. The cows have eaten the

coarse wild grass that grows in the low

places, and we have to depend almost en-

tirely on the feed we give them in the

barn for their ration. The cows are be—

ing fed now two feeds of clever hay a

day, and two feeds of grain, night and

morning, just about the same as we

would feed them in the winter time. Of

course, it seems expensive to feed cows

in August a ration that is necessary to

feed them in the winter time, but it must

be done. I intended to have sufficient

ensilage to last through the entire year,

but we fed our last feed'the first of Au-

gust. As a. matter of fact, I intended to

stop feeding when the pastures were good.

but the cows ate a feed of ensilage every

morning, even when the pasture was at

its flush. I really didn’t expect that they

would do this, I thought we would have

to stop feeding it for a spell until the

pasture was gone. But it made no differ-

ence how good the pasture was, they ate

their feed of ensilage all up clean, so we

let them have it. What I want is silo

capacity suflicient so that they will have

all they will eat up clean every day in the

year, summer or winter. It will make a

large hole in the ‘hay mow to feed the

cows two feeds of clover hay from now

until the corn is ready to go into the silo,

but we will have to do it, and then scrimp

them on hay after we get the corn silage.

I think we have sufficient ensilage corn

this year so that we will have enough to

last the entire year, providing I put an

extra story onto my beet top silo so that

I can have more capacity there, and if

experience proves that I am still shy,

I shall build the old silo up ten feet high-

er the same as the new. It is only forty

feet now. That, I believe, will be the

cheapest way to get extra storage capa-

city for the silo, rather than building

another new one. .





ALFALFA.AT BUCK‘EL’L HILL FARM.‘





 





Second Cutting,





We finished drawing our}, second crop of,





alfalfa on August 1, and are well pleased

with the result as we drew in 16 tons

(estimated) of well cured hay. This makes

43 tons from the nine acres so far this

season. The most of it was cut 31 days

after the first cutting. It was cured in

the cock under hay caps, although as far

as rain was concerned it would have been

as well without the caps. Still, there is

some advantage in using hay caps even in

a dry season, when the sun is scalding

hot, and especially if the wind is blowing

hard when the hay is being bunched, for

the cap with its weights will hold the hay

and keep it from rblowing over. And right

here let me say if you are thinking of

making hay caps see that the weights

weigh at least half a pound, as anything

lighter than that will not give satisfac-

tion. The concrete weights made in egg

fillers weigh that much and are as near

right as anything I know of. Most of

our showers are ushered in with consid-

erable wind and if your weights are too

light, away goes the cap and the hay is

exposed to the storm. This has not been

a very good season to advocate hay caps

but there is a good deal of satisfaction in

going to bed with the thought that if it

rains before morning it will not make

much difference in the quality of your

hay.



We have had it very dry in this part

of the world. and this second crop of al-

falfa grew, practically speaking. without

rain. We have since had a few light

showers but we are still very much in

need of rain. The third cutting is com-

ing on somewhat slower than the second

and if we do not get rain very soon it

will be much lighter.



We cut the new seeding that was sown

with a. few oats the 21st of May, and

secured one and a half loads, mostly oats.

The alfalfavis thick enough at this writ-

ing but very small. What will be the

outcome I dare not predict at this time.



Oakland Co. C. R. COOK.





BEST PAINT FOR INSIDE OF SILO.





 





What is the best preparation with which

to paint the inside of my tamarack silo?

Is it best to salt the corn when filling

the silo?



Benzie Co. B. B. R.





Probably the best paint that can be

used on the inside of a silo is simply coal

tar thinned with gasoline. enough gaso-





 





AUG. 20, 1910.





line to, thin the coal tar so that it will





spread easily with the brush, mixing.





it on as you would point. Use I. large

brush. a . whitewash brush, for, putting

this on. It is not necessary to put it on

with a. paint brush, and it can be done

much easier and faster with the large

brush. I might add that few people think

it necessary to paint the inside of a. silo

now.’ This used to be a common

practice years ago, but it has been given

up by most people. The silo will last

just about as long, some people think/just

as long without painting and the ensilage

will keep just as well.

COLON C. LILLIE.





 





ALFALFA IN EASTERN OCEANA co.





 





Last fall after I harvested my rye I

plowed and fitted three acres for alfalfa,

sowing the same about September 1. Un-

fortunately my man only sowed 10 lbs.

to the acre, making a. thin stand. This

spring I sowed 5 lbs. more and harrowed

'it in with a spike tooth barrow. Need-

less to say, the rye came up and I thought

it would surely kill the alfalfa out en-

tirely and so let the rye grow and har—

vested a fair crop this year. Since har-

vest, although it has been extremely hot

and dry, my alfalfa has grown rapidly,

is now nearly knee high and bids fair to

be ready to mow a crop of hay this fall.

Another piece of ground I mowed for hay

last year and tllen plowed up’and sowed

to alfalfa in August. That field has al-

ready cut two crops of alfalfa this year

and is.now nearly ready to mow again,

notwithstanding the fact that we have

had very little rain. The soil on which

this was sown is quite light and descends

sharply to the south. A. C. GOWDY.





KIND OF FERTILIZER FOR WHEAT.





 





I have 16 acres of oat ground that I

Wish to plow for wheat as soon as oats





are off. It .is fine sandy loam with a stiff

clay subsod, the clay cropping out in

places. It is a comparatively new field





having been plowed but six times. Also

have 18 acres of timothy sod, well ma.-

nured, which is at present growing a good

healthy crop of beans. Expect to sow

this to wheat also. \Vhat analysis of

fertilizer and how much per acre would

you advise? W'ould you use same on the

oat ground as well as on the bean ground?

The soil of the bean ground has about

same composition as that of the —oat





ground. .

Oakland C0. J‘LwBJiS. -

On this upland clay soil I would‘vusev a



fertilizer that is copmaratively rich in



phosphoric acid. For my 'own wheat, I



use one containing one per cent ammonia



10 per cent phosphoric acid and one per



cent potash. If the ground was sandier, I



would use a little larger per cent of pot—



ash. This soil ought to be pretty well



filled with available nitrogen so that I



would not use one especially rich in nitro-



gen, because nitrogen is the most expen-

sive part of the fertilizer. However, it

will do no harm to uSe a larger per cent

of nitrogen. It is possible that on this

land you would get splendid results by

simply using phosphoric acid. I believe

that all of our land needs phosphoric acid,

much more in proportion than of the

other elements of plant food.



COLON C. LILLIE.





 





 





HOW MUCH AND VVHAT KIND OF

FERTILIZER AND SEED TO USE.





 





How much fertilizer should I use on a.

sandy field which I wish to sow to outs

in spring, and which kind? What is the

best seed to use to seed it down?



Tuscola Co. H. E. H.





The common practice is to use about

200 lbs. of fertilizer per acre on oats,

wheat, or, in fact, on any of the cereals.

If the land is pretty well run it pays to

use a larger amount. I should say 250 to

300 lbs. per acre would be about the right

amount to sow on this sandy land and I

would have the fertilizer comparatively

rich in potash.‘ W'hat I mean by this is

tq have a fertilizer contain about four or

five times the amount of potash that it

does ammonia. A 1:925 would be a

splendid formula for seeding sandy land.



Now as to the kind of seed to use to

seed this down, I should say without

any question, use clover, or alfalfa. There

is no kind of land that clover does better

on than a sandy land, if you only supply

the right kind of plant food and in suffi-

cient quantities. That is all that is nec-

essary. And there is no land that needs

clover any Worse than sandy land. There-

fore I should say by all means use clover,

either alfalfa, or common red clover.



COLON C. LILLIE.





ANY PICNICS? ,

We wlll be glad to publish the dates

and place to be held of any picnic: or

farmer-3’ gatherings of any kind, If those

Interested will let' u! know.





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'a field to alfalfa with





 





s





AUG. 20, 1910.





TIME TO sow ALFALFA—SOIL

' INOCULATION.





 





I would like to ask a few questions

albout‘alfalfa. culture, as I want to sow

a. piece this year and have a small piece

all ready. Would like to know when you

consider a suitable time to sow. My farm

is in Wexford county, where the snow lies

on all winter, so that there is little danger

of winter-killing. I have some alfalfa

that was sown two years ago which has

made a good growth this year. Now I

desire to use soil from this piece for the

purpose of inoculating the new piece, and

what I want to know more particularly

is where the nodules are to be found.

In other words, how deep in the ground

will they be found and how should I work

it to dig the soil and remove it to the

other piece. I judge the top of the soil

should be skinned off a certain'depth be-

fore the soil for inoculation should be

taken off, but I do not know how deep.

Also, what kind of ’alfalfa you consider

best for that climate, as I understand

there are several different varieties of it.

I understand about 20 lbs. of seed to the

acre is about the right amount to sow.



Wexford Co. J. C.



I am not sure that there is any time

that is exactly right for sowing alfalfa

under all conditions. In fact, I am of the

opinion that there 'are several things that

must be taken into consideration to make

any time the right time. I presume J. R.

C. wants to know‘whether it is best to

sow in the spring, in the heat of summer

or in the fall, and I am inclined to be-

lieve from my experience, and also from

my observation, that if weather conditions

are right, it will do well sown at any of

these times. I believe the majority of

people will agree that just before mid-

summer is probably the best time on the

average. Others have had splendid suc-

cess sowing in August. Still others have

had splendid success in sowing early in

the spring. If weather conditions, espec—

ially moisture, are favorable, a good catch

can be secured if sown at any of these





times. On the other hand, if weather

conditions are not favorable, then it is

difficult to get a catch at any time. A





year ago I sowed my first alfalfa. I had

intended to sow it in June but I was not

ready and weather conditions were not

favorable in July. The first rain that

came in August we sowed the alfalfa, we

got a fine stand. It came up thick and

even and as I have before stated, stood

the winter well. lut it was injured this

spring by the frost or unfavorable weath-

er cendltlons and has not amounted to

much this: summer. Last spring I seeded

oats, sowing the

very first of April, seeding alfalfa at the

rate of 20 lbs, per acre. I have a splen—

did catch. It stands thick and even over

the entire‘ field. This dry weather is hard

on seeding of any kind and I do not know

whether the alfalfa will weather through

or not. I shall seed another field next

spring with cats. I also, as I have stated

before, mixed alfalfa with the clover seed

and sowed it on the wheat in March, and

I have evidence that alfalfa. will grow

sown under these conditions. Next spring

I intend to mix a larger per cent of al—

falfa seed with the clover. My experi-

ence, therefore, would lead me to btlieve

that alfalfa would grow if sown at almost

any time of the year, if sown under fav-

orable conditions. Like any other plant,

it will not do well at any time of the year

if the conditions are not favorable. I

would, therefore, recommend to J. R, C.

to sow this alfalfa just as soon as mois-

ture conditions are right. If the ground

is moist now, I would sow it immediately.

If the ground is too dry to get proper

germination, then I would wait as late as

the first of September to sow it. There

is a little risk, however, in sowing it then

because of the Weather from then on is

not growing weather, it will not get very

much of a start before winter. Of course,

as he says, if it is covered all winter with

snow, it will not winter—kill, but it will

be pretty tender and not have a very good

root to stand the thawing out in the

spring, and if I could not sow it until

after the last of August, I would defer

sowing until early spring.



Now, with regard to inoculation of the

soil by using the soil from an old alfalfa

field. I know nothing about this from

personal experience, but my understand-

ing is that this is the best possible way

of inoculation, and J. R. C. can do this

with confidence. The top soil is what you

want. That portion of the soils which is

turned over with the plow. You get it

by plowing the field and taking the fur-

row. Or you can get it by going into the

field anywhere where the alfalfa grows

thick and rank and has evidence of being

healthy and simply spading up the ground,

taking this soil and screening it to get out

the vegetable matter, the roots and the

stones, etc., so that it can be sown with

a drill upon the land. If your alfalfa field

is two years eld, it undoubtedly has bac-

teria nodules on the roots. You can very





readily see these by carefully taking up

the plant and looking at the roots. There

will be little nodules, or bunches on the

roots, and any of this soil will contain

sufficient bacteria to inoculate the new

seeding. After the soil is screened, you

can sow it with a fertilizer drill just the

same as you sow fertilizer, or it can be

sown on by hand as you would land plas-

ter, or ashes, and it ought to be harrowed

into the ground as soon as possible, be-

cause if it is left on top of the ground and

the weather is bright and sunshiny, many

of the bacteria will be killed by coming

in Contact with the direct rays of the sun.

Therefore, harrow after sowing just as

soon as possible. I believe that 15 to 20

lbs, of seed is about the right amount to

be sown. .

COLON C. LILLIE.





EARLY PLOWING.





 





Perhaps it is usnecessary to urge upon





Farmer readers the importance of plow--





ing the fields intended for the wheat seed—

ing early and to keep them worked down

well until time for sowing the crop. Just

now while the ground is so hard from the

drouth the manure which remains in the

yards, if any, can be hauled to good ad-

vantage and spread on this ground, then

when the rains come We are ready to turn

the soil as rapidly as possible, and to

harrow it down after the rains so as to

conserve what moisture we have. This

answers for a partial summer fallow.

VVJheat seems to enjOy a well-firmed seed

bed, and the early plowing and harrowing





THE MICHIGAN. FARMER.





Luvfiféci





 





 





SOILING THE STOCK FROM THE

CORN FIELD.





 





With the shortage of pasture which has





resulted from the unusually severe

drought, many farmers are confronted

with the problem of supplying supple-

mentary feed of some kind or allowing the

stock to shrink in flesh and get out of

condition. Far too many farmers seem





to think it will not pay to use the. imma-

ture corn for soiling purposes, even

the cows which are kept for the family

supply of milk and butter. Most com-

mercial dairymen haVc long since learned

that it does not pay to let their

shrink in their milk flow at





by many farmers who keep only enough

cows to supply the home demand for dairy

products, much IOSs that it is just as

necessary to the profitable maintenance

of any kind of live stock on the farm to





provide them with a ration which will

keep them thriving and gaining in flesh,





even during the season of short pastur—

age. But nothing is more certain than

the fact that if it pays to keep stock at

all it pays to feed them well, and it cer-

tainly does not pay to starve them in the

summer season, when they should be

making the cheapest gains in weight, for

the sake of providing them with winter

feed which, in this event. will go largely





 





 





 





 





Mules Are Increasingly Popular in Michigan—Team of Benj.





will firm the ground as well as conserve

moisture.



Oat ground that was plowed in the

spring will be more loose and can be

plowed without difficulty even if quite

dry. Any ground that is plowed dry ap-

pears to be better pulverized than when

plowed wet_ that is, it becomes pulverized

after the lumps are dissolved by rains,

and in seine soils there are few lumps to

dissolve even when plowed in dry weath-

er. If there is plenty of power available

a drought need not stop the plowing but

if we wish to economize horse labor we

should try to get our wheat ground plowed

as soon after heavy rains as possible.



Calhoun Co. S. B. H.





NEW SEEDING KILLED.





For the first time within my memory

I fear we will have to accept a failure

of new seeding with wheat. There was

a fine catch in May and early June, but

now clover shows only in patches and I

fear there will not be enough to pay to

save. This will necessitate a change in

the rotation, as we shall probably have

to leave the clover sod intended for corn

for another hay crop. There is still a

good stand of clover here and I think

much of it will make a live 'of it. and

with the timothy that comes in will make

a good cutting of hay next year. One

piece of new seeding that we were quite

anxious about getting a catch on we will

plow up and either reseed with a nurse

CI‘Op, or will sow wheat rather thinly.

The other field which is quite rich in

humus I think we shall leave for corn,

putting on a dressing of manure in the

spring or winter. The cat field which we

will put into wheat this fall is on rather

low ground. and parts of it are seeded

naturally with a good catch of clever.

Had we sowed seed on this field we

would have had a catch over most of it.

A failure of the seeding makes us think

of alfalfa.





Calhoun Co. S. B. H.





 





Archer, Jackson 00.

toward recovering the ground lost during

the starving period entailed by short pas-

tures unless supplementary feeds are

used. Of course, if some other sourCc of

supplementary feed is available it will not

pay to cut the immature corn for this

purpose, but if such is not the case the

corn so used will be more profitably used

than would be the case if the stock that

needs it now is simply kept alive on the

short pasture for the sake of allowing the

corn to mature to feed them later on.





\Vhere but a few head of stock are

kept, the needed green feed for soiling

purposes may be secured by going through

the corn and cutting out the barren

stalks or thinning out the hills that are

too thick for the best development of the

ears. But where much forage of this

kind is needed the labor involved in this

work would be too great to be profitable

and the corn had better be cut clean as





far as required.

In such supplementary feeding of live

stock the hogs are apt to be neglected





since they can be

But it

profitable to provide the





by the average man,

lcht on an exclusive grain ration.

is undoubtedly





hogs, and especially the growing pigs,

with some kind of green. succulent feed

in addition to their grain ration. The

average hog lot is now devoid of such

feed, and a few hills of corn each day

would do the pigs more good and prove





more profitable feed right now than would

the grain that those hills would produce

later on. This green forage is needed to

stimulate the processes of digestion and

assimilation, and the pigs will make bet-

ter use of their grain ration if they are

given some green forage to supplement it,

and on most farms there is no source from

which to provide it at this time other

than the corn field. '





What is true of the hogs in this respect

is still more true in the case of the





 





for '.





cows .



|

any cost of;

feed, but this lesson has not been learned‘





 





 





127





(3)





 





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THE LLWRENGE-WILLIAIS GOIPANY, Cleveland, Ohio.





 





 





 





 





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calves, which must be kept growing con-

tinually if they are to prove a source 01"

profit, and it will not make a very serious

inroad on the corn crop to provide theml





 





Chic'a'fi'o SfiiilremCo.
128 (or

with a little succulent feed each day.



The lambs can be turned right in the

corn field for a time at this season of the

year without damage to the crop and with

benefit to the lambs if there is no other

good feed for them. Most of us do not

give our com fields such good culture

that there are no weeds growing in and

about the hills, and there is always some

good feed along the fences which would

be eagerly appropriated by the lambs.

They will also trim out a good deal of the

grass and weeds in the hills of corn and

'will do little if any damage to the stand-

ing corn until the ears begin to ripen and

hang down.



Of course, the writer would not reCom—

mend the wasteful use of the growing

corn for soiling purposes, but to the ex-

tent which it is really needed for the

maintenance of proper growth and condi-

tion of the live stock maintained on the

farm it will pay to use it, and sometimes

the only other alternative is to get rid of

the stock. But when these conditions

prevail it is always an unfavorable time

for marketing the stock, and the advance

in "prices which can be secured by tiding

even the store stock over such seasons of

short pasturage by resorting to the corn

for soiling purposes will represent a

greater saving than is generally appre—

ciated.





LATE SUMMER CATTLE FEEDING.





The extremely dry weather which has

prevailed in most sections of Michigan

has also been a feature of the season in

much of the range country, and thrmigh-

out the north central and northwestern

states. This general condition has re-

sulted in a general shortening of pastures,

which has had the effect of sending rela-

tively large numbers of stockers and feed-

ers from the drought stricken territory

mentioned, for the reason that good pas-

ture is not available for carrying these

cattle along to the winter feeding sea-

son. This condition has had the effect of

making stockers and feeders much cheap-

er in price at the present time than they

would have been under normal weather

and market conditions, a fact which may

well be noted by the Michigan man who

has been in the habit .of feeding a few

cattle each year. \Vhile the pasture is

not available for carrying these cattle un-

_- til the winter feeding season, there is a

' possibility that they might be profitably

fed from the corn field from this time on,

instead of waiting for the crop to mature

and be fed from the silo or the shock.

Where ensilage corn is available to start

them on. they will make a very good

growth on this feed if soiled in the dry

lot or pasture. and the corn crop when

matured will make cheaper gains if fed in

the same way than it will if fed during

the cold weather of winter. This being

true there is a prospect that cattle bought

on the present market and fed for the

early winter market as above described.

may make a better profit for the feeder

than would ordinary fe1-dcrs fed in the

manner usually followed on Michigan

farms. Of course, market toppers could

not be produced by this method of short

feeding cattle. but the cost would be com-

paratively cheap, and if the cattle are

purchased on a favorable market for this

kind of feeding the spread in price be-

tween purchase and sale may be larger

than usual, and this is a. large factor in

the making of a profit in cattle feeding

under our conditions. At least this pos-

sible method now open to the Michigan

feeder is well worthy of careful consider-

ation on his part.





MARKETING THE SURPLUS HORSES.





 





With the revival of horse breeding in

Michigan the problem of the successful

marketing of the surplus animals is one

which may well engage the careful

thought and attention of the average

farmer at the present time. First the

qucstion naturally arises, where a good

team has been bred and raised on the

farm, whether they should be retained on

the farm and some of the older and poorer

horses sold, or whether the young horses,

which will bring the better price, should

be sold from the farm. Now this is, of

course. a question for solution in each

individual case, according to the circum-

stances which surround thc owner of the

horses. If the extra revenue which may

be derived from the young horses is not

particularly needed it will undoubtedly

be a good plan to keep the best on the

farm, selling the older and less valuable

animals. This is the more true with re-

gard to the good young mares, which may

have a value for brood mares above their

actual value in the way of providing mo-





' THE- MICHIGAN FARMER.





tive power on the farm, and this should.





of course. be taken into consideration. ~In

fact. in the selection of horses to keep

on the farm it is always the part of wis—

dom to keep mares, since they are as val—

uable for work, are cleaner to care for in

the stable and are available for breeding

purposes at any time in their period of

usefulness when it may seem desirable to

increase the horse stock kept on the farm.

Even when the horse market is not such

as to make it seem a source of profit to

breed horses for sale. it is much more

satisfactory and profitable to raise those

needed to replace the older animls kept

on the farm than it is to be compelled to

step out and buy the h0rses which may

be needed.



But apart from the considerations above

noted, the question should be decided on

business principles rather than sentiment.

Horses at the present time are bringing

better prices than for many years, if not

better prices than ever before in the

memory of the present generation of

farmers. Just how long this condition

may obtain none can predict with cer-

tainty. That there will continue to be the

usual ups and downs in the horse market

in future years as there have been in the

past is a reasonble assumption. This be-

ing true it is a good time to take the

profits when they are going, and the

farmer who has a good young team to

sell which can be spared from the farm

will be making no mistake in turning

them into cash at the present attractive

prices. If they are well grown-and are

placed on the market during the winter

or spring in good condition and well brok—

e11, they will add a nice sum to his bank

account. Under these conditions it is un-

doubtedly good business sense to take the

big figure when it can be obtained and

provide for the home needs in the more

or less uncertain future of the horse

breeding business.





 





AMERICAN BLACK TOP MERINO

SHEEP BREEDERS' ASSOCIATION.





 





Report of 24th Annual Meeting.



Mr. and Mrs. C. E. Kleckler, of Oak

Grove, Mich., entertained the 24th annual

meeting of the improved Black Top Mert-

no Sheep Breeders' Association on Aug.

10, with about 100 guests present. Among

the out of town guests were Mr. and Mrs.

O. M, Robertson, of Eaton Rapids, Mr.

and Airs. Fred. Howe. of Eagle, Mr. and

Mrs. L. L. Harsh, of Union City, Mr.

Beach. 111‘, and Mrs. O. Luick, of Chel-

sea, Mr. Backus,‘ of Potterville, Mr. Col-

ister, of Lansing, Mr. Gibbons and daugh-

ter of Detroit, Mr. Burkhart, of Chelsea,

Mr. and Mrs. Marshall, of Stockbridge,

Mr. and Mrs. C. Moeckel, of Muniih, Mr.

and Mrs. Crafts and Mrs. Turbush, of Fen-

ton. A fine program was rendered during

which Mr. Gibbons gave the breeders

many good thoughts concerning the

breeding and care of sheep. Mr. Hopkins,

of Oak Grove, gave the guests a fine wel—

come and Mr. Burkhart responded. Offi—

cers were elected and the breeders all did

their part to make the business a suc-

cess. Dinner and supper were served

and the people were taken to their trains

in autos and carriages, all feeling they

had enjoyed themselves once more.





Julius Thorman. of Elgin, Neb., carried

off the honors in the Chicago market last

week by selling four car loads of prime

horned Shorthorn steers of his own rais—

ing that .1\ c11eed 1.536 to 1,555 pounds

at $8. 45 and $8 51) per 100 lbs.



I\ hen the hog market rallies the lighter

and medium weights are neaily always

the kinds that advance pcrceptibly. and it

is almost impossible to start an upward

movement in heavy lots. Buyers show

a marked preference for good bacon pigs.

Declines have taken place in prices, but

good hogs are still making money for

their owners. Looking backward. it is

seen that at this time in 1896 hogs were

selling in the, Chicago market at $2. 65 to

$’. 40, while as near as this time in 1905

sales time made at $5. 25636.



The czitlle now airiving at the Chicago

stock yards a1e made up to a laige e\tent

of grass- fed stock, f1om farm as well as

from ianee, and the elfects of the drouth

are 111.11111ysecn.“"lhe .11rivals me run-

ning hugely to 1.50 0 to 1.200— lb steels,

with a Hither large showing of thin cows

While the ranges a1e sending in much

larger supplies of cattle than is usual at

this time of the veal. Scattered rains

ov e1 Iowa and Missouri have partly re.-

vived the pasturage here and there. but

huge numbers of thin cattle are being

shipped out of both states, as well as

from Nebraska, while Minnesota and

South Dakota are contributing large num-

bers of grassers which, under ordinary

circumstances, would not come to mar-

ket until a month or two later. All these

liberal offerings burden the cattle market

and wmk seriously against the interests

of sellers, giving the packers control of

the market At such a time it is sheer





 





follv for farmers who are well provided

with pasturage and corn to send in their

cattle before reaching maturity and most

of them are holding their stock.





FiHYOurSfloFirst

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Our large In. cot-log shows our complete line.

Write for it.





E. W. ROSS GO.Box 14 Sprlngflold. Ohio

We also manual". the Rou Silo





 





 





want. a position as manager or

EXWICMSII Farm" foreman on farm. neral or spe-

cial farming. E. F. Cutler. ”Candler. Deetmit, Mich.





 





on shares. a. lilo-acre farm, art. mar-

To Rent ket garden. Married man. rgferenoes

required. Address B0160 . B. No.1. Grouse Ile. Mich.





WANT ED—A good man to take care of

Cattle and assist, in in 11k



ing. W. F. STEWART. FLINT. MICHIGAN.

EGISTERED PERCHERONS FOR SALE—1 mare





2-\ r- old and lstuliion l-\r-old a)s.StuI1blefield

Register. M. A. EBAY. Okemos. ngham Co. ., Mich.





—Horses Cattle, Shee Dogs,

For sa|e or PouItn nearly 111 breed: Sires

exchanged. Southwest Michigan Pedi reed Stock

Association, B. E. Jennings. 890.. Paw aw. Mich.





 





 





 





‘ A110. 20.” 1915.





Oxford-Down she as.“





cattle for sale. A. D. ik'J. A DIME" .Muirr Mich.





OXFORD DOWNS... “.31.“ or 31°13





H. J. DE GARMO. R. No. 1. Ohio. ”Michigan.





anleOe OBI!!! Hips bouillahdesoondod

46 am from the w WEACO m mrfeot health.

in lots to suit. buy era. J Q.A





rnoe. Mich.

FOR SALE—70 Good Registered Shrop Ewes. a) kyoab

ling rams. ram lambs. one 2-,". old ram

bred by Wardwell. E. E. Lelnndfi Son RNo. 9. Ann Arbor. Iich.





APLE RIDGE SHROPSHIRES—Closlnf out. sale

choice iearlin rams Enos all ageaw ll be sold

without reserve A.RT Lennon. Michigan.





§HROPSHIRE yearling and ram lambs. the best:

wool and mutton t3pe from registered stock.

.ANDREWS. Dansville. Inghom 00.. Mich.





241 PURE BRED SHROPSHIRE RAMS (01'8an

12 lambs and 12 \earlin Extra fine stock

from Imported rams. TheS Sout donu blocky kind.

well wooled. Must be sold bv Be bomber ht. Add

LR. SLOTO. Consalntlne. Michigan.





WSIIIIIIPSIIIIIE HALL 8100K FIIII





limport. oneh hdundre marlin; ewes nndl5 rams



in June for iohignn and the same for Boise. Idaho.

Branch of this farm. Will make a fair price on year-

lin ewes or rams. also on some aged ewes with lambs

at aide, for 60d dm

L. s. UNHAM .1; sons, Concord. Michigan.





H005.





LARGE ENGLISH BEHKSHIHES‘





Have fine lot. of spring i311 of both sexes. Few )oung





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





sons for fall furrow. igorous and strong, the type

for profitable rk prodmtion. Satisfaction ran-

te ed. F. A. YWATER. anphls. M13311.





 





HUPP FARM BERKISOHIRES!

WON 189 PRIZES



Stock of both sexes and all ages for sale. 9Breeders of



Guernsey Cattle M. B. T1R1rkeys. Barred Rock kChiok-



ens, ekin Ducks. ERO O. HUPP, Manager.



DrawerA. Birmingham, Michigan.





ORTHERN GROWN BERKSHIRES for sale cheap-Yearling

now with litter about ready to wean; three boars ready for

service, at. about pork prices: boar pigs, for winter service.

Need more room for fall litters. For catalog and price:

address ROYCROFT FARM. Sidnaw. Michigan.





BERKSHIRESd I. nexcelled in breeding. Select-

ed boars, sons and gilts. Choice

fall pigs. T. V. HICKSJL .No, 11, Battle Creek, Mich.





'BERKSHIRES ei’n‘i’iinnigii





tvpe and strains. 0. S. BARTLETT, Pontiac, Mich.





 





 





 





FIIII' sale—One 12- horse Power Traction En ne.

Taken on a chattle mart-git e. Wil sell

cheap. Address EB .Thompson. Nort ville. Mich.





Berkshire—A few choice fall Gilts bred for early far-

row 1113 and a choice lot of Spring Pigs \1 1th rices

right and. the right breed. A. A. Pattullo. Deckerville, Mic Ignn.





 





 





BREWERS’ DIRECTGRY.

CATTLE.





ABERDEEN-AN GUS.





Herd headed by UNDULATA BLACKB [RD

ITO 83836. one of the best sons of PRINCE ITO

50006. and Grand Cham ion Bull at the Detroit

and Grand Rapids Fairs o W . and 1&9 Herd

consists of Ericsa, Blackbirds, Prides. etc.



WOODCOTE STOCKI ABM. Ionla. mob.





 





 





Berkshi swin .333 f 1‘

White 1!; Butt Or fiihnlgtons. White a Btu-red Rocks,

Light Brahmas. horns and White W1 1m-

dottes $1 per 15. Michigan LeSgchool for the Deaf, Flint.





GUERNSEY ‘3325 33.33.3133





tested. ALLEN EELSEY, Moviow, Michigan.





 





ANGUS and Polled Durham Bulls. Hampshire down. South-

_down. Cotswold sheep. Buy them at Kalamazoo. Grand

Rapids, 1!: Detrmt State Fair. JAS. H. HALL, Port Austin. Mich.





 





Maple Ridge Farm, fiiifiddfei.?$§?p‘{t§i{2 3251351}



\\1111ts.E.&J.'1‘. MILLER, Birmingham. Mich.



BHOIGEIY BREII HOLSIEIH-FHIESIIH {332632333



prices. Cole Bros, Ypsiland Farms. Ypsilanti. Mich.

—B



HOLS'I'EIII- FIIIESIAI 11:25.0“1‘3'5 11.3.33}





Meicedes Roy :11 King.“ Jones,O.1k Grov e, Mich.





TOP NOTCH HOLSTEINS





Top Notch registered \oung Holstein Bulls com-

bining in themsehes the blood VICE cons which now

dand have in the past heldVI "orld 3 Records for

milk and butter fat at. fair rices.

McPHERSON PAR S (30.. Howell. I'llch.





15 Holstein flows, 6 Holstein Yearling Halters,

10 Holstein Bull Balm iromHI. 0.11am.

5%?” "‘°“°‘L‘.‘“1‘i.‘i‘:’3’1$§‘ifxfx‘f?‘f if... e. "811%?“



BE ‘

H 0 L ST El bed‘ern‘fiiifr‘é‘i‘ ‘1‘112





breed. C. D. VIOODBURY, Lansinglllithigan.





H EREFORD "Efithmii‘ém 2133. 1113537





China hogs. R. E. ALLEN. Paw Paw. Mich.





LILLIE FARMSTEAD JERSEYS,





W e have some splendid )oung bulls for sale. Some

of them are old enou for sen ice. ‘he: are from

cows with records of to 425 ounds of butter last

year. W rite for descir )tion 1mg prices.



COLON C. L1 LIE, Coopersm'lle, Michigan.





 





 





 





 





 





DAMS BROS. Litchfield, Mich. breeders of im-

prm ed Chester white and Tamworth swine. Pigs,

either breed I): let prize State Fair 11 inners. Bull“ Rock

Buff W y andotte eggs $1 per 15; W. Orpington a per 15.





DUROC JERSEYS.

CAREY U. EDMONDS, Hastings. Michigan.

1111101: JHISEISHifiiiifiin'llfli.‘Ifiiflcmfifiefil‘iflfii

sows. Write for particulars. J. C. BARNEY. C(ildwbtor, lich.





DURIIC JERSEY SWINE. smlfi‘f’d. 32:1”





per 15. .H. BANGHART. Lansing.





 





 





 





 





Chester Whites an... itinerant“:





ohangciv of buianess and 8\ en thing for sale re Sept.

231'. I]. WILL W. FISHER. Watervllet. 101118811.





IMPROVED CHESTERS





Choice Pi? of March and A ril furrow either sex,

W. 0. WI SON. Okemos. lch. (Both Phones.)





ages. Saws bred.

00 I. C. Ho lealesweighinglfl'flbs.

and more. H. H. JUlI ,Munlth. Michigan.





I c. —-For Sale a few choice pl of March and

April farm“ in pairs not uk 11. Satisfaction

guaranteed. A.Neuman, Marlette, Mich” 11.1“. D. L





O I C REGISTERED PIGS mm 12 weeks

from Wdorl ’3 Fair winners. Glen~

wood Stock Farm. Zeeland, Michigan. Phone 94.





O l C REGISTERED PIGS March and

0 mil litters. Pairs not akin.

HENRY RIGTERI '.K Hamilton. Michigan.





0 l c -——SPBING PIGS and a few BRED

o - SOVI’S at. reasonable prices

C. J. THOMPSON . Rockford. Michigan.





RECORDED MULE FOOTED HOGS





are said to be immune from hog cholera. Stock 0031 1111

ages for sale. John H. Dunlap, Williamsport, hi0.





150 POLAND- IIIIINA





SPRING PIGS





either sex. with size. bone and quality. Bargains

on early fall weaned pigs. I ship 0. o. d. and.

furnish pedigree promptly. Write for prices.





WM. WAFFLE, Goldwater, Michigan.





FOR SALE—4 P. C. boars read\ for een 0e. gs £01

hatching & prize winning Ilegnl White 51 E30 lum-

bian W _\ andottes, Zach Kinne. Three Oaks. Michigan.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





ER RSEY BULL CALF born Oct. 4th. '09. Dam gave

9 314611111. milk in one year. test5t055-196. Sireudam‘ 1;

record 10. 0601111}. milk in 10% mos. test" .1 2 10 per cent.

The Murray- Waterman 00., ll. D. 6 Ann Arbor, Mich.





5





0R SALF .—12 registered Jersey Cows of St.Lanibe1I. and

Island blood from 2 to 10 years, all fresh 1]»):- nenrly so. Price

$100 each iLtakcu at once. C.A .Bristol, R. l" 5.,Fcnion Mich





BUI I'ER BRED JERSEY SBUITELS





CRYSTAL SPRING STOCK FA RML

Silver Creek. Allegan County. Michigan.





Register of Merit Jerseys. 011.11....





I\ re 0rd

T. F. MARS STON Bay City. Michigan: 5





HIIIITHEIIH IiIIIIWH JERSEYS





anagram Mes “more

STED y TATE F’I‘ERI'NAR

R0 CROFT FARM. Sldnaw. Dflchlg‘au.IAN





DAIRY BRED SHORTHORNS. Can spare 11 few

females Also bull 12 months ol.d Citizens

Telephone. J. B. HUM MEL. Mason. Michigan.





HORTHORN cattle of both sexes at reasonable

1.. _ prices. I breed for both milk and beef. Come or

write. '1'. M. SOUTHWORTH. R. No. 13 Box 78 Allen. Mich,





SHEEP.

Parsons Oxford Rams“T $312.3





 





 





his. dark faced rams will produce bi get on better

lambs GraOde X :20 XXX $25.“).

ROMEYNC . PARSONS. Grand Ledge. Michigan.





 





*Largest in Mich. Pigs

Large Type POIaIXI‘cIIIIIaS no“ X‘Blld\ toship. weigh

from 150 to 160 lbs. at 4% months old. Will deliver

whatIadvertise. VI'.E Livingston. Puma, Michigan.





EPLAND CHINAS‘EEaengxtass

“WOOD A: SONS. Saline. Michigan





POLAND CHINASEI". 3.33%.... ifsai‘éf





 





 





E. D. BISHOP. Route 38. Lake Odessa, Mlchigai.





OLAND- CHINAS—Sous bred for Sept. fan-ow;

Bears read‘. for eeriice:1~pring pigs. either sex.

WriteL.W. Burnerutson, Biron. ShiauasseeCo.. Mich.





S l in not akin.

P. c. PIGS “111"3‘2‘1.§fa‘“e N 3150 r 15'.

MILLS. Sn no. Mic an.



—Bours. Gilts and Pi

POIand'Chinasof unlity at the rig t

price. B. M. WING 1k SON. Seridan, Michigan.

' ——Lar e stiled. early 5 ring igs, and

POIaIIII'eIm‘” oldegr sows bred. A so orthom

calves. Prices right. Robert Neve, Pierson. Mich.





For Sale-500 022;: Yorkshire





nedPl each 5.00.

BROWN'S PIG aFARM, 35mm Euplds. Michigan.





h Large Improved English Yorkshires.





033 that make 0good optomber slits bred to



{Imw "an P A1 “151180 s tibgotingréuumm pi °f

n a s



e the: ”GOLOIIWIC'ILILL LIE. Coopersville. Michigan.





 





 





 





.-.N~..___‘_‘,~, L._





.4“ \ fi..-""._'a“‘"





', ‘5’. r"





u”. ”an? 1.....- wire
LNWK‘».-L._





2’7...) 7





.44- mfg---





'X'Ou‘“





.._,....._.1..__._._.__.... #6.,





 





 





 





 





s





“ AUG. 20, 1910.

THE snort-mes m LIVE STOCK.





 





Trade In Live Stock and Meat Products

Durlng the First Six, Months of 1910.





Commercial movements of live stock

and meat products for the first half of

1910, as‘reported to the Bureau of Sta-

tistics of the Department of Commerce

and Labor, to some extent reflect the

shortage of the animal food supply in the

country. While the June movements were

in most cases heavier than for the earlier

months, the record for the first half of the

year, both in the domestic and foreign

commerce, indicates a considerable

shrinkage in the commercial supply of

some of the prime necessaries of life.



Live stock receipts during June at sev-

en primary markets, 3,039,780 head, for

the first time since January showed a

gain and exceeded even the June, 1909,

receipts of 2,052,824 head. Of the total

651,679 head were cattle; 101,400 head,

calves; 1,582,692 head, hogs; 683,688 head,

sheep; and 20,321 head, horses and mules.

The June receipts of hogs, while decidedly

higher than in either of the three pre-

ceding months, still continue much below

the average for- like periods in earlier

years, while the cattle figures exceed the

corresponding 1909 and 1908 totals. The

shortage in the commercial supply of live

stock is best seen from a comparison of

the half-yearly figures, which totaled 16,-

463,756 head in 1910, compared with 19,-

081,725 head in 1909 and 20,820,393 head in

1908. The loss of over 2%; million head,

as compared with 1909, is due almost en-

tirely to the smaller number' of hogs

brought to market. Assuming that the

average six-months’ receipts for the last

five years at the seven primary markets

represent the normal commercial supply,

the shortage in hog receipts thus far in

1910 is almost 25 per cent. However, the

larger‘ average weight of the animals

reported for the present year offsets, to

some extent, the loss in numbers. The

distribuation of this loss in hog receipts

is far from uniform. Chicago shows a.

loss of 31 per cent, as compared with the

above average; Kansas City, a loss of 26

per cent; Omaha, a loss of 20 per cent,

and St. Louis a loss of only 5 per cent.

The curtailment in the commercial sup-

ply of__catt1e is less pronounced, the six

mo‘nthg‘wreceipts for the present year be-





ingr‘about 6 per cent below the average

. halfriié'arl’y receipts for the preceding five-





year period. It should be stated, however,

that the cattle figures for Omaha and St.

Louis include the receipts of calves. In-

asmuch as the six months’ receipts ‘of

calves for the present year at the five

markets which report them separately

were over 22 per cent larger than the av-

crage six months’ receipts for the preced-

ing five-year period, it follows that the

receipts of cattle at the seven leading

markets were really lower than stated

above, and the losses, as compared with

earlier years, correspondingly larger. As

compared with the above average, the re-

ceipts of sheep at the seven leading mar-

kets, 3,820,256 head, show a loss of over

11 per cent. It is noteworthy that the de-

cline in the supply of sheep began after

1906, that of cattle after 1907, and that of

hogs after 1908.



Live-stock receipts for June at the four

principal Atlantic seacoast cities, 819,754

head, were larger than for any other

month of the year, though falling short

of the June, 1909 and 1908, totals of 865,-

570 and 920,236 head, respectively. The

aggregate live-stock receipts at these four

cities for the first half of the year, 3,865,-

200 head, like-wise show a decided decline

from the corresponding 1909 and 1908 fig-

ures of 4,457,080 and 4,805,695 head. Here

also the largest loss is shown in receipts

of hogs, while the number of calves mar—

keted shows a substantial increase over

the figures of earlier years. The six

months' supply of hogs at the four sea-

board markets, 1,693,304 head, fell about

20 per cent below the average six months’

figures for the preceding five years. The

largest receipts of hogs, as in the case of

the principal interior marketS, are shown

for the first six months in 1908. The

number of sheep handled at these four

markets during the first half of the year

1.284.245 head, likewise indicate a con-

tinuous decline since 1906.



The shipments during June of packing-

house products from Chicago. 176,820,550

lbs., show the largest monthly total for

the year, though falling below the June,

1909 and 1908, shipments of 185,665.090 and

204,823,305 lbs. The six months’ figures

for 1910, 993,953,975 lbs., for the first time

during the more recent period fell below

one billion lbs., and were almost 20 per





'cent ‘below six months’ average for the





preceding five years. The largest item of

shipment for the six months, fresh beef,





,





416,288,600 lbs., showed a. gain of over 50

million lbs. over the 1909 figures. As

compared, however, with the average six

months’ shipments of this article during

the preceding five years, a loss of over

13 per cent is shown. The shipments dur—

ing the same period of cured meats, 294,-

423,400 lbs., show a. loss of 20 per cent

when compared with the average for the

above period. The shipments of canned

meats, 29,387,625 lbs. in the six months of

1910, have not yet regained the ground

lost since 1906. The six months’ ship-

ments of lard, 125,739,800 lbs., show a loss

of over 30 per cent when compared with

the average for the six months' period of

the five preceding years.



A decline of over 25 per cent is shown

in the eastward movement from Chicago

of provisions, which are stated as 446,-

493 tons for the first six months of 1910,

as compared with an average of over 600,-

000 tons for the corresponding months of

the preceding five years.



The export trade in live animals and

meat products reflects the same down~

ward tendency. Thus the foreign ship-

ments of cattle, which as late as the

fiscal year 1908 comprised 349,210 head,

fell during the fiscal year just ended to

139.430 head. The quantity of fresh beef

cxported fell from 201,154,105 lbs. in 1908

to 75,729,666 lbs.‘ in the fiscal year just

(nded. The quantities of hog products

exported show even heavier decreases.

Thus foreign shipments of bacon which

comprised 241,189,929 lbs. in 1908 went

down to 152,163,107 lbs. in 1910; barns and

shoulders, 221,769,634 lbs. in 1908 to 146,-

885,385 lbs. ‘in 1910; fresh, canned and

pickled pork from 170,837,427 lbs. in 1908

to 45,113,899 lbs. in 1910, and lard from

603.413.770 lbs. in 1908 to 362,927,671 lbs.

in 1910.



The stocks of meat at the end of June

held in five principal stockyard centers,

197,870,860 lbs., show some increase since

January of the present year, though com-

pared with the five—year average for the

same date, a decrease of over 36 per cent

is shown.





MANAGEMENT OF FALL PIGS.





 





Many of the most successful breeders

and feeders of swine are inclined to

discourage the practice of breeding their

sows to farrow two litters a year. In

fact, some writers upon swine subjects

assert that a man would be money ahead

if he would kill every litter of pigs far-

rowed later than the forepart of Sep-

tembcr.



Both observation and experience have

convinced me that the real profit from the

fall litters depends fully as much upon

the care and management of the young

pigs as it does upon the time they are

farrowed. Unless a man has comfortable

houses and abundance of room to provide

exercise for the fall pigs, he should not

attempt to grow them. Personally, I feel

sure that I can make as large profits

from a limited number of fall pigs as I

can from the litters farrowed in the

spring, but I find that it seldom pays to

winter more fall pigs than I have suffi-

cient room to house and accommodate

conveniently.



The fall pig crop is easier to handle

and the pigs possess more vitality and

strength than the litters that are far-

rowed in the spring when the sows have

been without exorcise during the time

they were pregnant. Then again, the

sow's ration of pasture and forage crops

during the summer is better adapted to

the development of the unborn pigs than

the winter rations that are fed by the

average swine breeder and feeder.



The sow that has been allowed the run

of a good pasture during the summer is

usually in ideal condition to produce good,

vigorous pigs in the fall. The succulent

feed and outdoor exercise have put her

system in excellent condition for the far~

rowing period and suckling her pigs,



The class of feeds for the sow and her

pigs is better adapted to their needs than

the feeds that are available during the

early spring. The second growth of

clover, the soft corn. the waste vegetables

and fruit can all be utilized at a profit

and will be relished by the sow and her

litter and give the young pigs an excellent

start in life before the cold weather

arrives.



If winter dairying is being practiced the

skim-milk may be profitably utilized by

the young pigs and it will give them a

start in life that cannot be equaled with

any other variety of food afforded by the

farm. Fall pigs that are given an abund-

ance of palatable food and sum-cient ex-

ercise during the winter will be in ex-

cellent condition to make the most profit-

able use of pasture and forage crops the





\





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





next summer and can be made to attain

heavy weights the following fall. I know

that many successful hog feeders will

claim that this line of feeding is not

profitable, but when we plan our man-

agement so that much of the growth is

produced by the waste, forage and odds



l (:uls of farm feeds I am sure that

the pigs that are marketed during the fall

at a weight of from 300 to 400 pounds can

be made fully as profitable as the spring

pigs that are marketed at the same time

weighing from 175 to 225 pounds. It is

no uncommon occurrence for a car load

of heavy weight hogs to top the market,

even though the tendency of the market

is toward the lighter hog.



Pigs should have good dry sleeping

places and plenty of clean straw or litter.

A covering over the nests will prevent

the cold air from above coming down on

them and causing them to shiver and pile

up. I prefer to have the cover about

four feet from the floor over the pigs

during the winter. Too much straw and

litter is not always best as the pigs will

come out steaming and catch cold. The

nests should be on an elevated place

where there will be no accumulation of

dampness, for pigs that are compelled to

sleep in damp nests seldom make good

gains.



In feeding during the winter, care must

be exercised to feed only such a quantity

of food as will be readily eaten. Avoid

allowing old feed to accumulate in the

troughs and freeze, for that will be sure

to put the pigs off their feed. Feed only

palatable foods, and when possible pro-

vide some kind of vegetables or roots for

: .zcculence.



Sows that are allowed to raise two lit-

ters a year are easier to handle and are

more certain to continue regular and re-

liable breeders. I have found it very dif-

ficult to get my sows with pig when they

were bred for but one litter a year.



New York. W, MILTON KELLY.





 





LIVE STOCK NOTES.





 





The Minnesota Experiment Station ad-

vises farmers to make conditions sanitary

about the premises where hogs are kept,

which will aid in preventing outbreaks of

hog cholera. If possible, prevent sickness

from attacking them. giving the hogs

plenty of clean pasture. where disease

has not infected the soil, and provide

clean, wholesome food. Scald, disinfect

and clean the troughs and swill barrels

frequently, and never compel hogs to lie

in their own filth. Clean quarters, clean

food, clean water and clean air are the

best preventives against cholera.



Kansas, Nebraska, Montana, Wyoming,

North Dakota, South Dakota and Colo-

rado are all short on feed, with hay crops

nearly 50 per cent below normal, and

great numbers of cattle must be thrown

on the market for lack of feed and water.

This being the case, eastern feeders are

expected to take the surplus off the mar-

ket. Should they neglect this opportunity,

the packers would buy up these cattle for

the next month or longer. using them for

canning purposes largely and thereby

bringing about a shortage in the supply

of desirable feeding stock for another

year or more.





Eastern stockmen to an increased ex-

tent, have been interesting themselves in

the great bargains offered in the line of

stock steers at the Chicago stock yards,

and there has been quite a lively traffic

recently in such, some buyers purchasing

western range thin cattle, while more

took to thin natives. The spread in prices

for stockers and feeders is very wide, and

the relative cheapness of stockers tends

to make them especially popular. They

have been selling anywhere from $3@4.75

per .100 lbs., with attractive steers weigh-

ing 500 to 650 lbs. going at $3.40@4.





T- J. Spencer and W. B. Ownbv, suc-

cessful farmers and stock feeders of Piko

countv. Illinois. who were contributors to

the Chicago cattle supply recently. report

that pastures are very lightlw stocked

with cattle in that section and the sup-

ply of fed cattle is almost exhausted.

Thev know of one load of dry-fed cattle

in their locality. with a small scattering

of hogs. the hog supplv being consider-

ahlv below normal. The pig “crop" is

short. manv pigs having died during the

spring. From eight sows Mr. Spencer

had but fortv pigs and he beliovcs that

is as large an average as other farmers

around there had. We. savs that about

two years ago he began to realize that

he had been farming his land to death.

and at once began to busy himself in an

effort to restore to the land some of the

fertility that had been gradually sapped

from it through vcars of exclusive grain

farming. Since. then he has never been





without a. bunch of cattle or hogs longer.





than a few months at a time, and he has

found that it pays well to devote to pas,

ture a large share of the farm. The land

has become much richer by means of the

rest cure and the droppings of the cattle.





and by feeding his grain and buying the:-

needed additional supply with which to:





fatten ‘his stock, he has increased the

size of his bank account much more rap—

idly than by his former method of selling

grain at its market value. Mr. Spencer

says other farmers in his section have

within the last few years taken up cattle





feeding. and that part of the country is,

full of beginners in stock feeding, all hav-‘





ing profited materially.





 

 

 





 





(6) 129

Remedies





Are Needed





 





Were we perfect, which we are not, med-

icines would not often be needed. But

since our systems have become weakened,

impaired and broken down thru lndlscre-

tlons whlch have gone on from the early

ages, thru countless generations, reme-

dies ARE needed to aid Nature in cor-

recting our inherited and otherwise ac-

quired weaknesses. To reach the seat of

stomach weakness and consequent diges-

tive troubles, there Is nothing so good as

Dr. Pierce’s Golden Medical Discovery, at

glyceric compound, extracted from native

medlclnal roots—sold for over forty years

with great satisfaction to‘all users. For

Weak Stomachs, Biliousness, Liver Com-

plalnt, Pain In the Stomach after eating,

Heartburn, Bad Breath, Belchlng of food,

Chronic Diarrhoea and other Intestinal

Derangements, the “Discovery” Is a time-

proven and most efficient remedy.





The genuine has on its

outSIde wrapper the

Signature





     





- o I



You can't afford to accept a secret nos-

trum as a substitute for this non-alcohol-

ic, medicine OF KNOWN COMPOSITION,

not even tho the urgent dealer may there-

by make a little bigger profit. ‘



Dr. Pierce’s Pleasant Pellets regulate

and «lnvigorate stomach, liver and bow-

els. Sugar-coated, tiny granules, easy to

take as candy.





 





 





 





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20 Page St.,anvia,llI..





 





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" ' MICHIGAN





THE





 

 

 

   





 





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Write for big book showing interiors of mod-

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a





130 (6) V. ..

The 'Michigan Farmer





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Detroit, Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





DETROIT. AUGUST 20. I910.





 





 





CURRENT COMM ENT.





 





In a recent com-

Life insurance for munication a Michi-

the Farmer. gan Farmer reader

asks for an explana-

tion of the difference between old line

life insurance and fraternal life insurance.

He has noticed that the busineSS men all

carry old line policies and that the farm-

ers take the fraternal insurance. He also

comments on farmers being generally con-

sidered to be poor business men, wonders

if they are making a mistake in this most

important investment and asks what we

would consider an ideal policy for a. farm-

er to carry.



These questions open up for considera-

tion the Whole ,life insurance problem,

which is a subject well worthy of the

careful consideration of every Michigan

Farmer reader. Life insurance is a

growth of our modern civilization and

good business men are almost a unit in

the opinion that it is not onlygood busi-

ness sense, but really an obligation and

duty to their families to protect them

from possible future hardships by carry-

ing life insurance policies proportionate

to their style or scale of living and the

business loss which would result to their

cstates from their sudden or unexpected

demise. Still others with ready money

for which they have no special use buy

life insurance as an investment, but this

may be considered apart from the primary

consideration which is raised by the above

communication, since the protective fea-

ture of life insurance is the one which

will appeal most strongly to the average

man.



The essential difference between frater-

nal insurance and old line insurance, so

called, is that the former is a mutual or-

ganization for tllr- payment of death ben-

efits to its members, the members being

assessed for this purpose as often as the

mortality among the membership makes

such assessments necessary, the amount

of the individual assessments being fixed

according to the age of the member When

he joins. In those organizations the a}

penses of administration are ordinaril

provided for by a special tax on the mem«

hers, while the local organization through

which the assessments are made is main-

tained in a similar .manner. Thus it will

be seen that the cost of fraternal insur-

ance is a. varying and uncertain factor.





.If the membershipfl averages young in

years the rate of mortality will, under

normal conditions, be low, and the cost of

protection correspondingly cheap to the

members. During their periods of great-

est development the membership of fra-

ternal organizations of this kind is apt

to average very low in years, since they

are popular among the younger people

and they can join them at a. compara-

tively small expense on account of the

cheap rate to which their years entitle

them. But unless the average age of the

membership can be kept down. as it oh-

viously cannot, the yearly cost of frater-

nal insurance is bound to increase with

the age of the organization, since the as-

sessments will become more numerous as

the years go by. Unless such an organiza-

tion can keep on taking in young mem-

bers indefinitely, the cost will, in time,

become ruinously high and the organiza-

tion will be superseded in the popular fa-

vor of the younger generation by the

younger orders of the kind which have

the immense advantage of a. younger av-

erage membership.



On the‘other hand the old line policies,

so called, are based on a scientific study

and compilation of statistics relating to the

average life of healthy men of any given

age, the rates charged being based on

these experience tables, so called, with

such additional fees as experience in the

conduct of this kind of business on a large

scale has shown are necessary for the ad—

ministration of the business. Thus it will

‘be seen that while the yearly cost of such

a policy is higher at the beginning than

that of a policy of similar amount in a

fraternal insurance organization having a

comparatively low average age of mem—

bership. yet it is based on actual experi—

ence regarding the hazard of the risk and

the rate is constant to the 'end, whenever

that end may come. Since the hazard is

less with the young man than with the

same man at a. more advanced age, this

difference in risk has been computed to a

nicely from the experience tables above

referred to and as the years go by a pol-

ity of this kind has an annually increas-

ing cash value for which it may be turned

in to the insuring company in considera-

tion of its cancellation and the consequent

termination of the risk. It also has a.

definite loan value. to which amount it

will be accepted as collateral by the in-

suring company. Thus in taking out a.

straight life policy in an old line company

the purchaser knows just what he is get-

ting, just what it is going to cost him for

the protection for life or for any given

period. In other words, it is a. stable in-

vestment, with no fluctuation in the mar-

ket. On the other hand. the fraternal ln-

surance policy, while it affords cheap

temporary protection, which makes it

sr-em attractive to the class of people who

take it, lacks that element of stability

and permanen-Cy which appeals to the

business man and which is undoubtedly

the reason that most “business men take

old line insurance.



The question regarding the ideal insur-

ance policy for the farmer to carry is one

not so easily answered. Naturally, a.

great variety of policies are offered to

meet the requirements of men differently

situated and with different ideas regard-

ing the use of insurance policies as a

means of investment. It is probable, how-

ever, that more good business men buy

straight life policies than any of the other

numerous kinds offered. But the circum-

stances in which the purchaser of a pol-

icy finds himself, and his own good judg-

ment, should decide him in this regard,

rather than the advice of any person not

conversant with those circumstances and

conditions, or the solicitation of the skill-

ful agent. The same should hold true

with regard to the size of the policies

taken. But it is unfortunately true that

the average man does not give the con—

sideration which he ought to this matter

until it is brought to his attention, and if

he will not emulate his business contem-

poraries by providing a reasonable pro-

icction to his family, as may be needed.

it is well that his attention be attracted

to the importance of this step by the

zealous solicior.





To the great mass of



The Problem of American farmers, who

Distribution. have been busily en-

gaged in producing the



foodstuffs to feed the people of the coun-

try, and a goodly amount for export, have

given little thought to the problems of

distribution. But the distribution of food-

stuffs is an important economic problem,

and the time is at hand when our farmers

must make its solution their business if

the economic balance of the country is to

be maintained and the American farmer

is to enjoy a just compensation as a re-





. Tris MicHIGAN’





 

     





FARMER.

ward for, his labor. Already the public

rebels against the high cost-of living,.and

the farmers 01' the country are envied the

measure of prosperity“ which they have

attained, but which is still too meager to

put their business on a. par with other in-

dustries in the making of a. fair profit

on the capital invested. In an article re-

cently published in the Saturday Evening

Post, Mr. B. F. Yoakum, a prominent offi-

cial of one ‘of the great railroad systems

of the country, emphasized this point by

giving figures to show that the average

per capita income of the farm population

of the United States is approximately

$314. From this sum, which represented

the average gross income for each mem-

ber of a farm family last year, there must

be figured the proportionate contribution

of each for taxes, labor, repairs and other

incidental expenses in. the upkeep of a.

farm, thus reducing materially the aver-

age net income or the amount available

for clothing, feeding, educating and other-

wise providing for each member of the

average farm family. The presentation

of this information in such a. manner

should go far toward disabusing the mind

of the average consumer that the farmer

is getting more than his share. He is not

getting more than his share. He is not

getting his full share. Too large a pro—

portion of the price paid by the consumer

is absorbed in the avenue of distribution.

In the article above referred to Mr. Yoak-

um presented figures which were compiled

after a careful investigation to show that

in the handling of eight commodities rep-

resenting approximately five-eighths of

the annual food bill of the city of New

York, the expenses and profits of the mid-

dlemen, exclusive of freight paid on the

commodities, amounted to over 60 per

cent of the sum received for the same

commodities by the producers. Naturally

a large part of this expense was incurred

in the expensive methods of distribution.

and Mr, Yoakum pointed out that if these

products amounting to 600 car loads per

day could be economically distributed to

a large number of public markets dis-

tributed throughout the city, allowing 20

per cent for handling, the people of New





'York might be saved the sum of $150,000,-





000 annually, or $410,000 per day. , . _



.These figures, relating to this problem

from a railroad man's point of view, are

here presented by way of illustrating the

great gap in dollars and cents which lies

between the producer auditing», consumer.





The producer and consumer can not be





brought closer together in this respect

without both benefiting thereby. Natu-

rally the producer would get more for his

products under such an ideal arrangement

and the consumer would get these neces-

sities at a lower cost. But the transition

from present day conditions to ideal con-

ditions of this kind can not be accomp-

lished by a. single step. The‘ farmers of

the country can not eliminate the leaks

in distribution altogether or at once by

any method open to them, any more than

the consumers can all secure their sup-

plies direct from the farm under present

conditions. But this change can be ac-

complished gradually and in a natural

way by the co-operative organization of

farmers all over the country along lines

of community production for the packing.

shipping and marketing of their special

cash crops. The experience of the farm-

ers of some of the old-world countries

proves this. The experience of the fruit

farmers of the west proves the same

thing, and the experience of the farmers

of the central and middle west wherever

organized along similar lines points in

the same direction. The fruit farmers of

the pacific coast who are thoroughly 0r-

ganized in a co-operative way are already

selling their product through their own

official representatives at many of the

large market centers of the country. The

grain growers of the middle west who sell

their product through co—operative ele-

vators are already agitating the question

of constructing elevators at terminal

points. These changes in methods of dis-

tribution are slow, but they are being

gradually accomplished by the natural

growth and extension of the co—operative

principle by the producers of the country.

Slowly but surely the time is approaching

when the farmers of the country will

have added the business of distribution

to the industry of production. In this

development they must take the initia-

tive. The government could be of no

small help to them in various ways, but

the government, like providence, helps

those who help themselves. Hence the

necessity of doing what “lies nearest to

our hand" to hasten the day when this

more ideal condition will be realized. That

this is not something distant 0r foreign

to us and our community, but can be





v





 





tion along community lines as above





notedis’the first important; lessen for “8, W





to learn.





n





HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.





 





 





' Foreign.



Fire started in the Belgian exhibit at

the Brussels exposition Sunday evening

and rapidly spread to other displays un-

til a large part of the fair was wiped out.

There were.a hundred thousand people

On the grounds at the time, but troops

handled the crowd so well that but two

were killed and not many. hurt in the

stampede which followed the fire. Forty

adjoining houses were burned. The acci-

dent is believed to have been caused by

fireworks. It is probable that the expo-

sltion will not be reopened. Many art

treasures that cannot be replaced were

lost in the fire.



What amounts to a real conquest of

Palestine is being carefully conducted

from Germany by colonization. Over a.

half century ago families from the father-

land began going to the ”Holy land" and

buying locations upon which they built

homes. Others followed, until now there

are thousands of Germans among the pop-

ulation. It is now understood that the

Kaiser is concerned in syndicates for pro-

moting German trade and’ interests there.



A pirate ship has been preylng upon

traffic along the northern coast of Mex—

ico. Several small craft have fallen into

the hands of the outlaws. The Mexican

government has sent a. warship to the

scene with orders to capture the boat and

crew.



A new record for short distance in

starting an aeroplane was established in

England when C. Graham-White succeed-

ed in raising his machine in going 25 feet

nine inches. The former record was held

by Foulois who started in going 60 feet.



It is announced that Maybelle Gilman

Corey, wife of the president of the steel

trust will again go on the stage. She

will appear in London next year in “The

Taming of the Shrew.”



Thirty-seven dead and fourteen wound-

ed have been taken from the wreck of

the Bordeaux excursion train which

crashed into a freight train at Saujon.

France. Six cars of the excursiOn train

were telescoped. The accident was caused

by a misplaced switch.



President Taft hopes to visit the Philip-

pine lsiands during his present admin-

istration.



The Bonilla revolution in Honduras has

proved a failure, the leader and his few

followers escaping across the line into

Guatemala to avoid being captured. by

the Hondurain troops.



For the first time in the history of the

little republic of Switzerland, a foreign

chief visited the capital city on official

business Monday when the president of

France, with members of the ministry,

made a call upon President Comtess .





The American squa‘dron; Iincludfiig‘i'thcw‘"

battleships Charleston and New.70rlqans,.





is now at Yokohama, Japan. Theecruis-

ers have visited Korea where many of the

officers have been entertained by’ the

consulate.



United States Senator Elihu Root is in

Paris. He has been at the Hague adjust-

ing matters concerning the Newfoundland

fishery disputes. .



The number of casualties by the flood

at Tokio last week is now placed at 1,112

dead and missing. There were 3,953

houses destroyed. Many people are home-

less and are dependent upon the public

for food and shelter.



National.



Troops have been ordered to Washing-

ton state to assist in fighting the fires

which have been devastating large sec-

tions of the state. Scattering fires in

Yellowstone Park (were also reported but

they have been gotten well under control.



A congress of representatives of na-

tional fraternity organizations is in ses-

sion in Detroit this week endeavoring to

formulate a scheme of fraternal insurance

that will obviate the faults of present day

insurance policies of the many orders

offering them.



Earthquake disturbances were noted by

the sesmlgraph at Nova Scotia on Mon-

day, but no damage was done.



Five prisoners sawed their way from

the jail at Henderson, Ky., last Sunday

night and escaped.



Telegraph companies have sent out no-

tices canceling their franks, beginning

with August 17. The move was neces-

sary on account of a ruling of the inter-

state commerce commission.



Announcement is made that the let

reunion of confederate soldiers will be

held at Little Rock, Ark., May 16-17—18,

of next year.



Eleven persons were injured in a head-

on colision on the Gorge route at Niagara

Falls Monday. The accident happened

just above the Whirlpool Rapids.



At the opening of the fall term of the

United.States supreme court the Indian

cases will first be taken up. The issues

bear upon the relation of the United

States to its wards and the right of the

country to control individual lands of the

natives.



On Tuesday of next week a spirited

campaign for nominations will close with

the primaries in Nebraska. In both par-

ties there is a division over the liquor

question. i



It may become necessary for troops to

again be called out to restore order in

Columbus, Ohio. Blotlng has been re-

sumed by the strikers and the strike

breakers.



Last Tuesday while on board an At-

lantic steamer, Mayor Gaynor of New

York city, was shot by a former city em-

ploye who had been discharged. The

shots were not fatal and the mayor stands

a good chance to recover. The assailant

was captured.



Detroit has .been selected as the place

for building the trolleyless cars for elec‘

tric lines, the invention of Mr. Edison. 'Iii

is believed that the new car will revelu~

tionize troll-3y traffic.





' Miami}, ‘tsrof

, found right at home in twat: mm. ,





 





 

   





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NW, -__._.. w»- Wat..-“ y.»-





 





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i
q





 





W——“~t~—v«“whmfl4A





l





 





 





 





/





LITERATURE

POETRY

HISTORY an?

INFORMATION





 





 





 





 





Magaz





 

 





   

 

 





ine Section





 





77w FARM BOY

an? GIRL



SCIENTIFIC an?



MECHANICAL





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





'll‘hfis Magazine Section forms a part of our paper twice a month. Every article is written especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere





 





Tabogganing Down the Andes=II-—By Wm. v. Alford.





UR first night was spent at Casa-

O palca, down from the summit only



twenty—five kilometers. As a cold,

drizzling rain set in only the bare outline

of the bare, adobe buildings could be seen

as cloud chased cloud up the canyon.

The next morning we were held until nine

o’clock awaiting orders and as the sun

was shining brightly my opportunity for

photos was good and was well improved.

Just before noon we reached Rio Blanco,

a mining town. As all the employes are

Americans we were royally entertained at

lunch. A large copper smelter is being

built here.



After lunch, as we could hear two

freight trains puffing up the canyon be—

low, I left our little Pullman to follow, and

taking the camera we walked down the

track for six kilometers. In less than

five minutes I crossed a long steel bridge

spanning a stream that was as white as

snow with foam. From the bridge the

track follows the bank close under a wall

of vertical rock, then swings around a

rocky point onto a, trestle six or seven

hundred feet in length that spans another

canyon. The bridge heads straight for

another vertical wall fully 500 feet high.

There is but one escape, simply to bore

a hole for a thousand feet into the gran-

ite. Passing through this hole into the

light on the other side I found another

vertical "wall of granite on one side and a

sheerrdropr of four or five hundred feet on

the vother-l‘side and, not a stone’s throw

ahead; the black mouth of another tun-

nel. Walking on through this tunnel

I came out onto another steel bridge with

the last tie on the bridge meeting the first

tie in the mouth of another tunnel. Here

I stopped and, looking up against 2,000

feet of solid granite and down into the

roaring torrent below_ admired both na-

ture and the American engineers whose

skill and daring planned and executed

this work. Surely he was the offspring

of a race that knows no master but the

Infinite.



This spot is given on maps of the Pe-

ruvian Central as “Infirnillo,” which ex—

presses in the Spanish tongue, “Little

Hell,” and the expression is not far

wrong. » There is such a sameness to the

canyon, bare of every vestige of vegeta—

tion, that we will let the car spin down

the 41/2 per cent grade to





[._____.___- _._.__.___._.._...__





 





coo-ohbaaoooioo-ounooooob!





fancies





 





..M.*\p_«~\





The Magnificent Altar in the Cathedral at Lima, Peru.





all over the body. The victim is more

loathsome than a leper. The best doctors

from Europe and America have visited

the spot but have gone home no wiser

than they came. There is a cure for it,

it is said, but it grows on the Atlantic

side nearly 100 miles from the place

where it is needed. The herb is known

as quishua. A ten made from the leaves,

it’ (hank copiously when the first Symp-

toms appear, will generally give relief.

’l‘his plague, as it may be called, caused

the death of one person for every $500

spent on the construction of the road

across this strip of tainted territory, and

at the bridge over 300 workmen died.

It was the Monkey Hill of the Peruvian

Ventral Railroad, but unlike the real

Monkey Hill of the Isthmus its history is

almost forgotten as there are no ill effects

in passing over this strip of bare rocks

and red clay unless the ground is stirred

up, liberating the poison.



Leaving the Verrugas bridge there is

little of interest except the fact that a

lower elevation is noticeable on every

hand. Great giant cacti are trying to

cover the ugly face of some old stone,

or. if in blossom, give the traveler a pure

white flower to look upon. At four in the

evening we reached Matanaca and after

a bath and an early dinner we started

out to view the town. "li’was the same

old picture that we have seen a thousand

times from the Amazon to the Rio

(lrandc. namely, a plaza with an old and

dilapidated excuse of a fountain in the

center, a church on one side and on the

other side dingy shops.



As we near the Pacific the grade be-

comes less and our car runs more slowly.

It offers an opportunity to review briefly

the history of the railroad, an enterprise

that cost the Peruvian government forty

""Hions of dollars, gold. Many of the

older readers of The Farmer will remem-

ber that in the early seventies Peru was

shipping to the States and Europe thou-

sands of tons of Peruvian guano for for-

tilizer. The revenue was a. princely sum

and, as she thought the beds of a rich

fertilizer inexhaustible, money for home

improvements was offered in a golden

stream. At this time Mcggs, an American

citizen of Irish-Catholic parentage, en-

dowed with all the insinuating power of a.

born diplomat and of the





 





the Verrugas bridge. The

deep gorge is now span-

ned by a new steel struc-

ture. A portion of the

wreckage of the old

bridge is in the bottom of

the river below, but the

interest that centers in

this spot is not in either

the old or the new bridge

rout in the number of lives

lost in their construction.

Here nature came near

upsetting the plans of

man 'by erecting an in-

visible wall more formid-

able than the granite of

the Andean range. There

is a strip of land nearly

500 miles long and about

30 miles wide parallelling

the Pacific coast and ap-

proximately 40 miles in-

land that contains a se-

cret poison. When the

earth is stirred up this

oison escapes and both

the native and “gring ”

are its victims. The poi-

son produces what is

known locally as “fiebre

de Verrugas.” The first

symptoms are chills, pains

in the back and a high

fever. This is followed

by sores like great

bloody boils breaking out





 





 





'3

i





 





 





 





 





the Exposltlon





Grounds at the Peruvian Capital.





same faith as the govern-

ment of Peru, had no

trouble in projecting rail-

roads that were to cover

the rcniotest parts of the

country. However, only

the Peruvian Central was

built. \Ve are told by

old—timers who came

down with Meg's, and

are still in the employ of

the road, that the wanton

waste of money exceeded

that of the French at

I’anumzi when DeLcsseps

was at his zenith. It is

said that friendly tips of

twenty—five to fifty thou-

sand dollars lo personal

friends, and nightly or-

gies, used more money

than the building of the

road. As the government

and church were his per-

Sull‘di friends there was

no halt in the golden

stream that flowed into

his pockets. This friend—

ship is attested by one

single fact. At his fu-

neral a thousand priests

followed him to the grave.

It tells on a gigantic scale

the story that is as old as

man. A debt was saddled

on Peru that will not be

liquidated for many long
v~..-..~mx.w~m.m.“iv-1.49.5”..ammvxi.“ ... .u . ,





,0??? ‘~ ‘.

132, (a)





years, and as the Anglo-Saxon holds the unable to see what they contained. We



notes and stocks of the Peruvian Central understand, however, that it is a local



the accruing interest and dividends “look eithibit for the benefit of Lima merchants,



good to him," and as ‘he is in. charge of similar to the Pittsburg Exposition or the



the road no haste is being manifested_in Fall Festival at Cincinnati. Could any



closing up the account. one of our northern cities have a plot of

Whatever may be said of Meggs and ground with the same natural facilities



his company the real work of locating the it would be one of the beauty spots of



road and its construction is, as far as earth, Ibeside which Eden would be a rub-



we can learn, free from any taint of dis- bish heap.



'3’. honesty. In itself it was a stupendous The cemeteries of Latin America. are,



i piece of work. There were no precedents in our judgment, nearer the ideal than



- to follow for the avoidance of mistakes. the cemeteries of the States. The ceme-



ii First, the engineer crossed a desert waste, tery of Lima is a beautiful spot. As old

i



l



1



l



i





 





then he was confronted by a granite wall as the city, it has grown day by day, and



that reached into the clouds far above at the present time covers fully 50 acres.



the snow line. It must be remembered Its great size can hardly be realized be-



that when this work was started modern cause the view is shut off by short walls

, machinery was in its cradle. The work radiating from the center or parelling

’v was done with wheelbarrow and hand- each other for 100 feet or more. Winding

I. drill. in and out among these walls are gravel

‘ The location follows up a tortuous can- paths, flanked by beautiful vaults belong-

0 you whose ascent exceeds the maximum ing to the rich and well—to-do. Almost

‘ grade allowed. To overcome this the Every variety of flower and shrub lends

‘ projected line turned up lateral canyons, natural beauty to the marble tombs. The

: i switchbacked out, bored 'holes through walls that are the receptacle for the dead

granite wallS, followed vertical walls un— of the common people are about twelve

til the grade line ran into the ground, feet high and fourteen feet thick. These





‘ F then doubled on itself, creeping along the walls are divided into two parts by a

1 side of the mountain until another switcli- vertical partition wall running through

’ back turned it around and up it started the center lengthwise. Each half is a





' 1 again with tunnels where it was impos- series of pigeon holes, one above another.

' sible to round the projecting walls that just large enough to admit a coffin. There

dropped vertically to the seething waters are usually nine opening vertically. A

below. On the original location there marble slab is placed over the opening

were 63 tunnels in that many miles. Six and sealed. On this slab the name and

have been cut out, leaving 57 as monu- date and possibly a beautiful design are

ments to the skill and perseverance of carved—a tombstone for the dead in a

the American engineer. The road was grave dry and warm, free from water and

finally completed to Aroya in 1893 after insects. Surely, it is»more human than

20 years of digging, hammering and blast- a grave in the cold. wet ground.

ing of solid rock. It stands today without Returning to the city we visit the

l a rival in the world for pure determina— Cathedral which faces the Plaza. It is

\l' tion in overcoming the obstacles that 11.1. of the same general architecture as all

ture put in its path, and in its scenic Spanish churches in Central or South

beauty. As the traveler looks out of the America. The interior is beautiful and,

window of the coach onto the precipitous in its semi-darkness, solemn. The cen-

stceps 0f the sierra, with its splintered iral aisle is fully 60 feet wide and 300

sides of porphyry and granite. its peaks feet long, fronted by a magnificent altar.

far above the Matterhorn of the AIDS, Golden columns six and ten inches in

then down into the darkness of fathomless diameter and fifteen feet high support

canyons, his admiration is unbounded. the top, Around the outer edge of this

But in all probability he becomes drowsy. canopy are solid silver cherubs, life-size.

affected by sorroche, a disease caused by Saints almost without number and name,

the rarefaction of the air at great alti— in silver and gold, ornament the altar.

tildes, and all interest in his Surroundings There is a king's ransom in gold and 511-

'” is lost. ver on the altar and pulpit. On either

In the shade 0f the afternoon, Lima, S‘FX side of the altar there are two rows of

miles from the Pacific, was reached. We beautifully carved chairs in solid maho-

I? are soon well housed at the hotel, and gany for the priest during the service

: going into the large and spacious dining- tonducted by the bishop The candle-

;oom, flanked on all sides with great sticks higher than a mans head are of

French—plate mirrors reaching from floor gold. Marble steps lead up to the altar

to ceiling, ‘we are seated at a small table and the flool. is covered with rugs from

banked with roses and ferns. A French the Orient. On each side of the central

waiter in immaculate dress serves us aisle there is another aisle fully 40 feet

with the delicacies of the tropics. What wide. On the huge columns separating

a change from our camp fare and the ice the ,central portion of the church from

and snow on top of the Andes! Today the outside aisles are fine old paintings

Lima is a city of 140,000, and one of the from the brush of masters. Several Of

finest of South American capitals. It was the paintings hanging on the wall are

founded by Pizarro in January, 1535, just twenty feet long by twelve feet wide,

375 yenrs ago. The Lima of today with hung in deep gold-leaf frames. The

its history is a volume in itself. “'0 shall paintings of the twelve apostles are works

only skim the surface, spending a pleasant of art costing each a thousand dollars.

hour in the Exposition Grounds, crossing Alorig the outer 'walls of the Church are

over to the cemetery and looking at the deep recesses separated from the body of

acres where the dead are buried, then the church by latticed doors. There are

1 visiting the Cathedral. six or eight of these rooms on each side

2 A car takes us to the upper end 0f the and in each one there is an altar or image

‘ Pasco Colon, the main entrance of the of some saint. In one room near the

Exposition. Passing in and following the front of the church the bones of Pizarro

broad gravel walk, flanked on one side by rest in a marble coffin with glass sides.

the white walls of the main building, and It was my wish of long standing to get a

on the other by flowers and ferns and a photograph of the little that remains of

row of stately 1‘03'31 palms, we 300“ reach the old rascal, even though he has been

the central DOYU‘)“ 0f “‘0 grounds. This dead 360 years, and in this I succeeded.

spot is like a magnificent cluster of dia-

monds set in a golden band. A circle

some Illm feet in diameter is theh ub.

Around the outside of this hub is a row of

the most beautiful we have

seen in any city, or capital across the

torrid belt, from Mexico south. From the “Surely ‘We are, repaid fOI‘ the little

gravel walk, radiating like the spokes of trouble we have had,” said MI‘S- Gil-U311.

a wheel, are broad paths leading to the Wleg 1101‘ streaming eyes. as her nuS-

Exposition buildings, or losing themselves, band carried in the thin form of little

as it were. in a jungle of tropical flora, Mrs. Parks and laid it on the bed in her

Beautiful tree ferns ten and twelve feet mother’s room. It was impossible for

high. begonias with leaves so thin that them "Gt “0 Witness the meeting, fOI' they

one can read a newspaper through them, had 10 11811) get the poor woman settled

and the coloring as delicate as a sunset comfortably. as well as assist the invalid

in the tropics, roses and lilies of the val- mother to her side.

ley growing beneath palms whose long “Repaid? I ShOUId think 503" sobbed

slender leaves shimmer in the rays of the Hannah. “Did you ever see anything so

afternoon sun, are all there in abundance. touching?"



We walk along one side of the grounds “Mamma, I’m going to get well now,”

and are soon entertained by a cage of Said the sick woman. “I knew all the

monkeys. a real Bengal tiger, a lion, 3. time I would get well if I could only get

black bear, and a half dozen wild hogs. back to your bed. These dear friends

Farther on we step before a cage of con- have been so kind to me.”

dors, and last but not least, a cage of Mrs. Gatch and Hannah slipped Ollt t0

snakes, not the little striped ones that the kitchen, where the dOCtO!‘ was heating

are found in the fields of Michigan, but some milk for the patient, and together

snakes, big ones that can swallod a doe they had a rejoicing that the trip had

and for dessert make way with a whole ended so successfully. “I tell you I was

litter of pigs. Unfortunately, the Expo- pretty blue last night.” admitted Hannah,

sition buildings were closed and we were "‘and pretty angry at those mean folks,





GETTING MRS. PARKS HOME.





 





l 1 BY IIILDA RICHMOND.

roya pa ms,

(Concluded from last week).





~ ."ea.-- .





   





as as... sinner?





 





but it turned out all right. I never slept

better in my life than on that hay we

last night, and weren t those people nice

to us? I’ll not go ”back on the country

yet.” ‘



“Neither will I, though I wouldn’t have

said that at seven o'clock last night. "I

think I’ll stop and give that woman at

the farm house a piece of my mind tumor.

row for turning away a sick woman with

that storm coming on". Such people need

a lesson,” said the doctor.



“You folks did a lot for my Mamie, and

I'll never forget you,” said Mrs. Parks'

father coming into the kitchen. “We‘re

poor, but we love our daughter, and it

nearly broke ma’s heart and mine that

we couldn’t go to see her. I thank you

all ever and ever so much for bringing





her here. and I only wish I could do

something for you all."

Dr. Gatch hurried in with the stimulat-





ing milk and had the satisfaction of see-

ing Mrs. Parks drink it eagerly. “You

are all right now, aren’t you?” he said

soothingly. “You are going to get well

very soon.”



Mrs. Parks looked at her smiling moth-

er, at her three little ones perched on the

foot of the bed blissfully eating some of

Mrs. Roswell’s good cookies, and then at

her father hovering anxiously near. “I

would be if I just 'had Jim,", she sighed.

“I wish Jim had come along!"





Dr, Gatch retreated to the’kitchen with

such a look of dismay on his face that

both ladies exclaimed sharply, ‘fWhat in

the world is the matter?"



“She wants Jim,” he said weakly, sink-

ing into a chair. “We’ll have to go ‘back

after him.”



In spite of the tragedy in his tones they

laughed till the tears ran down their sun-

burned cheeks. Of course they made no

noise with their mirth, but the situation

was so comical that they could not hold

in. No thought of such an outcome to

their trip had ever entered their heads.

and they treated his declaration that they

would have to make another trip across

the country with Mr. Parks as a sort of

joke.



“Xi'e can't stay here all night,” said

Mrs. Gatch. “Mrs. Parks’ aunt will be

here right after dinner to look after the

children and everything, so let's start

home. Maybe we can get back to those

people in the barn without over



he horses. I'm anxious to ge

home.” ,



“I9 want Jim! 'Why did I ever leave

him?" walled the voice in the next room.



“I want papa! I want papa!" howled

the infants in sympathy, and though Dr.

Catch and the ladies hurried in to quiet8

the wailing they could do nothing.



“Mamie, do use a little judgment,”

pleaded her father. “Don’t you see you

are getting you ma all excited and ner-





back





vous. Children! Hush! You must be

quiet!”

“Mrs. Parks, if you’ll promise to keep





perfectly quiet, I'll go and get your hus-

band,” said Dr. Gatch, breaking into the

tumult. “And if there is anything or

anybody else you want, please tell me be-

fore I get started.” The sarcasm in his

voice was lost on the weeping woman,

who had retired into her handkerchief ap—

parently to Stay. Hannah was handing

her bright silver pieces and unlimited

cookies in the hope of restoring order

among the infants. and Mrs. Gatcli was

fanning the old lady, who was indeed all

\vrmight up by her daughter's distress,

when in walked Jim Parks, dusty, for~

lorn, footsore and weary, but wearing a

smile that fairly transfigured his dirty

featun-s.

“Bless your heart, Mamie! Did you

think I could get along without you,

”honey! I was awful disappointed when

I saw there wasn't room in the wagon

for me, but I just hoofed it after you as

fast as I could. Don't cry!” He fell on

his knees beside the bed as he talked, and

drew Mrs. Parks’ thin face to his shoul«

der. “Don't cry, dearie! You're all right





now!"

The trip home was begun at once.

“Let’s hurry for fear Mrs. Parks will





think of something else,” said the doctor

nervously. “There is no telling what may

happen if we stay."



“If anyone had told me we could have

so many adventures in going forty miles

over a lonely road, I wouldn’t have be-

lieved a word of it.” said Hannah, shak-

ing the cooky crumbs off her dress. “But

now it is all over and we will soon be

home. We can get to our friendly people

in the barn by night. and early tomorrow

morning we’ll start for home. The horses

will be all right, now that the rain has

cooled the air and settled the dust."



“I won't say our adventures are over

until we get home," said the doctor dark-





ving~





1





AuG 20. 1910.





ly. “I feel it in my bones that something

will happen. ”



The family in the newrbarn, weléomed

them at dusk, and a most delightful eve-

ning was spent with them before the hay

beds were made up. It seemed rather odd

to have a piano in front of the cow stalls,

and a kitchen off safe from the hay in the

tool department, but with songs and stor-

ies and merry Conversation the evening

was spent very pleasantly. Only 'a few

things had been saved from the recent

fire, but the whole family regarded living

in the barn as a sort of lark, and were in

no hurry to get into a civilized home, as

they expressed it.



“Hey! Neighbors! Hey! Hello! Hel-

lo!” In the faint gray dawn the family

and their guests were aroused by a fear-

ful pounding on the barn doors, and when

they stumbled sleepily out, they found an

excited man there who showed signs of a

hasty toilet. “I'm sorry to disturb you,"

he said hastily, “but wife’s sister who is

visiting us took sick very suddenly an

hour ago and we want some of you folks

to go for a doctor. That storm last night

played the” mischief with the telephones

and we can‘t get central. Tell him to

come as quick as he can, Howard!" he

said, turning to the young man of the

family who was already grabbing a saddle

from a peg in the harness room. “She's

awful bad!"



”I'll go," said Dr. Gatch, feeling in the

dark wagon for his medicine case. “I’m

a doctor, and maybe I can do something."



“Sure enough!” said the host, remem-

bering his guest’s errand and the sick

woman they had sheltered. “Howard!

Howard! You don’t need to go!” But

the young man had strapped on the sad-

dle and was hurrying down the road as

fast as the horse could go.



“’ithout waiting for a lantern they

hurried down the road as fast as they

could, arriving at the farm house out of

breath and muddy from splashing into the

little pools along the road in the dark.

Dr. Gatch caught a glimpse of himself

in the dresser mirror, as he entered the

sick room, and he wondered even in that

excited moment what his patient would

think. His hair was uncombed, his coat

sleeve was torn almost the entire length

from contact with a nail in the barn, his

collar had been left behind andwa four

days' growth of beard did not add to his,

beauty He did not hesitateg liowwerfi

but diligently applied‘ himself to fielievei

the Sufferings of the groaning woman on

the bed.



“An attack of acute indigestion,” ‘he

said quietly.



eating something that disagreed with you

in this hot weather.’



After some houis of hard and faithful

work the patient was relieved, and the

family rejoiced to know their relative was

out of danger. When the family physician

arrived Dr. Gatch quietly told him what

he had done, and prepared to go back

to the barn for breakfast though the

lady of the house insisted he must stay

with them.



“Young man, you got here just at the

right time and did the right thing," said

the old doctor, following Dr. Gatch out

of the sick room. “The patient is all

right now, but you saved her life by

your prompt action. I shall tell her so

when she is better."



“Doctor, I'm still worried about Marie,"

said the mistress of the farm house liur~

rying into the sitting room from the sick

chamber. “Her mind seems to wander.

She insists that she has seen this new

doctor somewhere. and acts so strange.”



“That is odd." said the old doctor in a

puzzled way. “I never knew indigestion

to affect one’s mind. Did you give her

any quieiing drug?”



“Nothing of that sort." said Dr. Gatcli.

“She has seen me before. She passed us

on the road a day or two ago in an auto-

mobile.”



“She certainly wouldn't recognize you

from a passing glance like that. Come

into her room and tell her, so she will

quiet down and get to sleep, won’t you?"



“Doctor, your face looks so familiar,

and I can't get you out of my mind," said

the sick woman. “W'here have I met

you?"



"Do you remember the long black wagon

which you and a party of your friends

got out of your machine to inspect on

Tuesday about noon?" said Dr. Gatch.

“\Vell, I’m the man with the vicious look."

He turned to the bewildered relatives of

the patient with a queer look in his eyes

to explain. “My wife and a young lady

and myself were taking a sick woman to

Oak Grove to her mother; there is no rail-

road to the place, you know, and this lady

and a party of friends passed us in an



(Continued on page 134).





“You probably have ‘been'





 

 





 





 





_.._.’ an...
_._.._..I-._





 





 





 





 





 





' Auou





 





‘l





20. ‘1910.





PORTULACA.





\





   





 





BY mas. M.'B. RANDOLPH.





Portulaca, cheap and cheery,



How dull my door—yard and how dreary

Without your bright insistent gaze;



If withdrawn, your gay, beguiling,



Ever constant, Winsome smiling,



Dark would be the summer days.





Cheap, said I? Forgive me, darling,

Sure I spoke like witless starling,

Using words that have no worth;



I was careless when I said it,



Yet I give you highest credit,

Classing you with best of earth.





Choicest blessings cost no money;

Cheap are they as John‘s Wild honey,

Israel‘s bread, Elijah’s food;



Water, air, and light and shadow,

Song of bird and bloom of meadow,

All are cheap and all are good.





But you’ve a sweet way of forgetting

Slight or insult, never fretting,

Though your soil be mean and poor;

Never minding where I set you,



Or that never do I pet you



'When you come about my door.





Portulaca, you run riot,



Regardless all of rule or flat,



Nor sensitive nor shy you be;

Lawless quite of floral orders,

You skip o’er my garden borders

With a gay audacity,





Southern saw-grass couldn’t choke you

Little Arab! There! I joke you,



Yet smiling still you onward g0;

August suns and arid weather



Seem to suit you altogether,



Bringing out your broadest blow.





Oh, I own that you're bewitchin’,

Peeping in my summer kitchen,

Flinging brightness ’bout the door;

And although I seem to scorn you,

Portulaca, I would mourn you

Should you come no more.





FAMILIARITY AMONG ANIMALS.

BY B. U. U.



Why is it that our attention is so

quickly attracted to animals of different

kinds when they become familiar with

each other? It is the rule that each

species wars against all others; the dog

chases the cat, the horse runs the cows,

the king bird attacks the crow, and the

red squirrel is not friendly to his near

cousins, the gray and black squirrels.

We do not know the reason for this unless

it is that each of the different kinds of

animals and birds and fish are selfish,





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





The Bones of Pizarro, Conqueror of Peru, in the Cathedral at Lima.





far in the great battle bet-ween the dif-

ferent species man has outwitted all oth-

er kinds and has put “all things under his

feet.”



With this instinct implanted in our

minds, and it is t‘w-u whether we are

conscious of it or not, it is little wonder

that we are attracted when animals show

such friendliness as is displayed between

the dog and the colt illustrated upon this

page. That common law of the species

which works favors for your own at the

disadvantage of others, is broken.



Many a farm hows has been the scene

of a dog caring for a nest of young

chickens, or some kittens, and he will

defend them against danger. The play-

fulness of the young is usually the most

fertile time for starting friendships, for

it is. almost universally true that the

friendships that occur between different





Familiar Farm Friends.





trying to make more room for themselves

in the little world in which they live.



If we look upon man as an animal, we

find that he, too, partakes of this nature

and, speaking generally, is opposed to all

other animals, getting them out of the

road that he might have more room and

security for himself. W'ithin a few hun-

dred years the forests of America have

been depopulated of the wild creatures

that once roamed among the trees, and

only those beasts that serve to insure

man’s supremacy are allowed to remain.

He is carrying it even to the insects and

fungous diseases today, and we see him

spraying his trees, covering ponds with

oil, screening his house, smudging, gener-

ating gasses, treating woods and mate—

rials, and a hundred other things for the

simple purpose of ridding his surroundings

of the insects that trouble him and limit

‘his victory and kingship.



There is the same. spirit among nations.

Men belonging to different tribes do not

clearly understand each other. Their hab-

its of living, of social intercourse, of

thinking, are different and they measure

things by unequal Standards. Because of

these, misunderstandings arise easily and

trouble usually follows.



Thinking over these matters caused the

scientist to manufacture the phrase, “The

survival of the fittest,” and by it he meant

that the animal best prepared to meet

opponents was the one that survived. So





 





kinds, are formed when one or both of the

animals or parties to the fellowship are

young.



There is often shown in these relations

the protective instinct of the older ani-

mals. They recognize the innocence of

the infant, or young, and when they see

danger at hand, stand ready to protect.

This is illustrated often in the house dog,

who might be indifferent to one of the

older members of the home and yet would

immediately imperil his life for the sake

of a. child. But a fortnight ago the writer

was threatened by a dog out walking with

a little child, and the dog is usually very

kind.



In speaking of these things we are not

ignorant of the affinity that exists among

some forms of life, like the attitude of

ants toward some of the aphidcs. But

usually, as in this case, the friendship or

relation is the result of mutual benefit

or at least benefit to one of the parties.

“'ith the ants. they are benefited by the

milk which they secure from the aphides,

and to secure this they take their “cow,”

as it were, where she can enjoy good

pasture. Man’s interest in domestic ani-

mals is based upon the advantages he

secures from the relation. Likewise is

his efforts to protect game, toads, lady-

bugs and birds—in some manner he hopes

to benefit by favoring them. But once

allow one of these favored kinds to get a

good foothold and see what will happen.





 





In England the English sparrow was

known as a bird that destroyed chiefly

harmful insects. When it was brought

to this country for the purpose of bone-

fiting agriculture and failed, it was not

long before the forces at man's hands

were brought to destroy, if possible, the

imported bird.



In the light of these considerations we

are impressed with the selfishness of the

different species of animals and of the

tendency to work for the perpetuity of

the kind. Hence, familiarity between

different animals is interesting and in-

deed pleasant to look upon beuausc it dis~

regards the selfish law of battling to live.





 





 





LITTLE ESSAYS OF FACT AND

FANCY.





They Worried About It.





BY CARL s. LOWDEN.



Sam Walter Foss once wrote some

verses about a man that worried it great

deal, and these are the fears that worried

him: “The sun's heat will give out in ten

million years more: some day the earth

will fall into the sun; the earth will be-

come much too small for the race; the

Gulf Stream will curve and New I‘lngland

grow torrider; in loss than ten thousand

years our supply of lumber and coal will

give out.”



So he worried, but his wife took in

washing and he didn’t worry about that,

and his daughter sewed shirts and he

didn’t worry about that; he sat by the

stove and let his wife rub, and he didn’t

Worry.



It is a clever poem.

of no worry by showing how really ab—

surd some worrying are. How much

mental energy is lost by worry? It must

be tremendous. And, after all, worry

never helped anybody to live better.

\Vorry is utterly useless and should not

be given a place in the tangled skein of

existence.



Here is a bit of verse that is the exact





It teaches a lesson





 

 

 





   

 

   





(9) 133





embodiment of the spirit of no-worry. It

is the attitude that wins in life:



“Let the 'howlers howl, and growlers

growl, and the prowlers prowl, and the

gee-gaws go it; behind the night there

is plenty of light, and things are all

right, and—~I know it.”





The worry of women is usually ex-





treme. The bridges women build in their

imagination, and the bridges they cross





are many. Women worry more over

things that have not happened than they

do of actual occurrences.



The absolute uselessness of worry ought

to be enough to keep people from worry-

ing. But it seems to be a natural trait.

No one is exempt from it. Mothers will

worry about their children, foolish wor-

ries! But of course a worry of this kind

shows a warm heart and a loyal nature,

and yet it docs not do any good.



The civil war period was a time of na-

tional worry. Everybody worried and

wondered. The War was fought just the

same, and the result was just the same,

regardless of the amount of nerve energy

consumed in the fires of worry. It is

sure that the men on the battlefield wor-

ried less than the women at home.



Some high-minded fellow penned the

following lines and called it a. “Song of

\i'orry2"



“XVhat‘s the use to sit and worry if

you lose, who thought to win? Kick the

worry out the window—let the living sun-

shine in. ‘Vhat’s the use to work for

worry? Ain’t there any hope in sight?

Kick the worry out the window in the

blizzard and the night. \Vhat’s the use?

Tin-re ain’t a reason nor a shadow of a

rhyme, whcn the world rolls on in music,

and the stars are keeping time. Time

ain’t crying, he's a flying, and you’re on

the wings of Time."





 





 





 





“Necessity is the mother of invention."

Not finding feed to his liking on the

ground the pet lamb has taken recourse

to the unusual method of standing upon

his hind legs and browsing the leaves and

tender twigs from the lower branches of

the apple tree. It is peculiar that pet

animals, as a rule, are more apt to per—

form freakish tricks than animals under

ordinary conditions. Is it because of their

asoeiation with man?





 





Among Our Youthful Mechanics.





 





 





 





Grain Thresher Made by 17-Year-Old Boy.



I have been greatly interested in your

pictures both because of the views and

because I have a. kodak. I send you a

photo of a separator made by my friend,

Clayton C, Browne. He made it in 1908,





when he was 17 years old. He made ev-

erything but the boxings in which the

For this he made a pattern





cylinder sets.





of wood and had the blacksmith make the

iron. The machine includes a cylinder

and concaves, shakers and sieves, a fan

fer cleaning the grain and a blower. It

is 30 inches from feeder to blower, stands

12 inches high, and is five inches Wide.

It will thresh oats out of the head, and

separate the grain from the chaff.-——Geo-

L. Thornton.
,(Continued from page 132).

automobile. They were attracted by our

appearance and got out to look us over.

That is the reason my patient remembers

me. She also kept us out of a night's

lodging here, I imagine. I hardly think

I looked quite as disreputable as I do this

minute, but after they had liberally Cov-

ered us with road dust we were far from

beautiful to behold.”



“I know you can never forgive us,” said

the sick woman penitently, “and I don’t

blame you. Please bring the ladies in

to see me that I may apologize to them,

won’t you?”



It was late in the evening of the fourth



day from starting that the black wagon

reached the Roswell home and the tired

members of the party climbed down to

refresh themselves with clean garments,

a good supper and a long night's rest.

' “Well, we're back safe and sound!”

called Hannah as the family streamed

out to welcome the wanderers. “We

have been mistaken for tramps and gyp-

sies, lodged in a barn two nights, Dr.

Gatch saved a woman’s life, and we have

had so many adventures that it will take

a month to tell them all, but we got Mrs.

Parks to her mother and she’s going to

get well.”



“Things have been happening while you

were away,” said Mr. Roswell, quietly.

“Judge Hastings heard of your trip, and

he made you physician to the Children's

Home, Dr. Gatch. Dr. Clark had almost

landed the appointment, but when the

Judge heard Clark had refused to go to

see Mrs. Parks unless Jim could pay in

adVance, he gave the place to you. It

only pays five hundred a year, but it

doesn’t occupy half a man's time, be-

sides getting him in with the best people

of the county who are lback of the Home.

I congratulate you!”



“Hannah, dear, it doesn’t seem quite

fair that you are left out in this manner,"

said Mrs. Gatch, putting her arm about

the girl who had become very dear to

her during the past week. “You ought to

have the largest share of the reward, as

you planned the undertaking and did most

of the work.”



“I do share the reward,” said Hannah,

stooping to kiss the eager little woman.

“My plans turned out all right, and one

of these days when Dr. Gatch is rich and

famous I will apply for the place as am-

bulance driver, and bring patients to him

in the black wagon.”



“I’ll never be rich and famous,” said

the doctor quickly, “but I appoint you

my ambulance driver right now. I am

sure no hospital ever had a. more capable,

cheerful or trustworthy one. I owe all

this happiness to you and my wife, for I

never would have gone into the under-

taking if you had not argued me into it.

And if Mrs. Parks wants to come home

tomorrow I’m ready to make the trip

again.”



“So are we!” cried Hannah and Mrs.

Gatch. but when the Parks family re-

turned some months later, well and hap-

py, the black wagon was not called into

service, for Jim Parks had acquired an

old horse and wagon and the family felt

sure prosperity had dawned for them,





THE WOMAN IN THE CASE.





 





BY EDGAR, “'IIITE.





It was during a court vacation and the

lawyers were resting their brains in camp

on the Charlton river. Around the cot-

tonwood fire were M. D. Campbell, a tall

slender young man whose cold blue eyes

became soft and childlike when on an ex-

pedition of this sort: Alex. Doneghy, who

as a child had known Quantrill, Bill An-

derson and the bloody rough riders’of the

l‘order between Kansas and Missouri;

Major Ben Dysart, a good old “rebel” of

the 60's :the circuit judge, N. M. Shelton,

and several smaller fry. Although duck

were plentiful among the bottom lakes,

these nimrods with tender feet did more

slaughter in a reminiscent way than‘with

their guns. As story tellers every man

was an artist, and the nights were all too

short for the adventure tales by field and

flood, and in the wild charge with flash—

ing sabres, because more than the Rebel

Major had been shot at in time of war.



Among the rich history made under the

red glow of the log fire was this by Don-

eghy, the "acquaintance” of Quantrill:



“I was journeying out to Denver with a

sample case, before I became a lawyer,

and fell in with an old-time friend, George

Fleming by name, an undertaker by ap-

pearance. Fleming traveled out of Bos-

ton. He was a grave. low—talking man.

weighing every word he said as though

it might affect the nation’s weal if in-

correctly used.



“Fleming never by any chance became





. excited and if he ever smiled it was in- there are two, teams with but 12 men on

He lacked 6,000 .miles of being acach side now. descriptions of games





wardly.

fool, however, and with all 'his dignity and

reserve was a thoroughbred humorist.

Guess you’ve' noticed that the real funny

man never laughs.



“In a gently-modulated voice Fleming

was telling me about people and things

in his boyhood home, which was Williams-

burg, Virginia, formerly in the district of

Jamestown. Seated directly behind us

was a great 'big fellow, his face covered

with whiskers like a Boer, and paws the

size of hams. By a side glance I could

see him opening -. ‘ shutting his mouth,

as though he were dying to say some-

thing. Then he fidgeted about, laying his

paw on the back of the seat ahead of him

and again placing it on the window cas-

ing. Fleming, looking straight ahead as

though he saw nothing, kept on with his

talk about Willianisburg and Jamestown.

Finally it became too much fer the whis-





kered gentleman, and pushing his big

head in between us he blurted out to

Fleming:





“ ‘Be you from Williamsburg, mister?’



”My companion turned as if in surprise.

stared at the man behind us and then

admitted the accusation.



“ ‘Williamsburg, Virginny?’



“ ‘Williamsburg, Virginny,‘

Fleming.



“ ‘Say, pardner.“ said Whiskers, hitch-

ing himself up closer, ‘that's whar I‘m

from! Borned thar; left the ole place

nigh on thirty years ago.’



“’Well, I declare,’ replied Fleming.

“Maybe I know some peoplé you do there.’



“ ‘Of course you do if you ever lived

there,’ remarked the Virginny gentleman,

in a shrill voice. ‘There was Smith, some-

times called ’Possum Smith.’



“ ‘Smith? Let me see,’ thoughtfully

replied my friend. ‘Name does sound

familiar. W'onder where I heard it? No

.——it couldn’t be—was it John Smith?’



. “ ‘Yes, sir-e-e! Ye struck bullseye first

pop. Ole John Smith, ’Possum Smith,

they called him. And you knowed him?’



“His big head was right in between us

now, he having unceremoniously shoved

me to one side.



“ ‘Yes, I knew him,’ said

slowly, as if trying to recall forgotten

scenes. ‘But it was mostly ‘by reputa-

tion. He was something of a hunter?’



“ ‘Right you are, pard! The dog-gon-

dest hunter you ever see, Smith was. He

hunted so much he didn’t have time to

get him some new clothes when his ole

ones was in rags. You never seed such

a blamed hunter as that feller Smith.’





replied





Fleming,





“ ‘Rather on the—er—~roving order,

wasn‘t he?’ suggested Fleming. ‘Inde-

pendent cuss, didn't care what you

thought about him.’



“‘That’s him for all the world!’ cried

“'hiskers, admiringly. ‘W’hat he didn't





know he didn't want nobody to tell him.

And you knowed ole Jolm Smith—ole

’Possum Smith, I mean?’



“ ‘Just by the current talk in the neigh-

borhood. He was a rather gay sort, and

of course people talked about the way he

went on. Got mixed up with a woman,

didn’t he?’ asked Fleming, meditatively.



“ ’lVouldn't be at all surprised; it would

be just like him. Ever hear the woman’s

name?’



“ ‘l was tying to think,’ said Fleming,

taking off his hat and scratching his

head. ‘I did hear her name, but it seems

to have slipped me. Let me think a





little.’



“ ’Shore. Maybe it was _ Betsy MC-

Govern. She and John used to be pretty

thick.’





“ “No, it was some funny name. Strange

I can’t recall it.‘



“ ‘Maybe it was the widow McPherson.

They said once that shew'



"‘Ah! I have it now,' a sweet smile

spreading over his round face. ‘Her name

was Pocohontas.’



“Vi'hiskers looked reproachfully into

the innocent eyes ,beside him_ and fell

back into his seat with a weary sigh.

When the train stopped he shouldered

his carpet bag and things and went into

the smoker. That was the last we saw

of him.”





THE GAME LACROSSE.





BY F. z. 1.



Our American boys are familiar with

base ball, which may well be called Our

national game because of its popularity.

and with foot ball and basket ball. Put

the game lacrosse is only known on this

side of the boundary line by reputation,

except in a very few instances. It is,

however, the national game of Canada.



The Indians originated the game. Their

rules were much different than those

which control the game today. While





 





%





played by red men State that fully at thou-

sand persons were engaged. ' ‘|



The grounds remind one of a foot ball

field. Goals are situated at each end and

are not less than 126 yards apart. Each

goal is marked by two flag poles six feet

high and placed six feet apart.



The players of the opposing teams play

in pairs as in basket ball, each trying to

cover the other and prevent him getting

to the ball and forwarding it to his own

goal. One club guards one goal and tries

to get the ball over the other.



The positions are center, half-way be-

tween the goals, goal—keeper in front of

the goal of the side, point in front of the

goal-keeper and a little to the right, cover

point a few paces in front of the point

and to the left, while in front of the op-

ponents' goal is home and between home

and cover-point the fielders positions are

located. These latter positions are not

fixed at all rigidly, the players being giv-

en much liberty.



The opposing side has its men reversed

—the home man being near the goal-

keeper of the opposite side, etc.



To play, the centers lay their sticks

side by side at the center of the field.

The referee places the ball between the

sticks and when all is ready shouts

“Play." Each center scrambles for. his

stick and fiercely proceeds to get the ball

away from the other and toward his goal.

The ball is caught up on a. stick and

skillfully thrown to other players of the

same side who pass it on. The opposing

men attempt to get the ball from the

player who has it or while it is in the air

or on the ground, and work it toward the

opposite goal.



mm the time the ball leaves the cen-

ter, there is not a moment's pause in the





playing till the ball has successfully

passed one of the goal-keepers, when

“Game" is called by the referee. The





players then take their positions on the

field again and the ball is once more

started from the center.



From the standpoint of the spectator

the game is exceedingly interesting, for

every man is in the game from the start

and there is no let up as in foot ball

when the ball is “down." It is not prob-

able that the game will displace base ball

but it is being introduced in places in the

states and will likely become more popu-

lar among the Americans than it is a

present.





 





 





KINKS .

Kink 1. ’





.7/Ie :Doinz‘ of View





% bar min/fly

uni lined . .





 





 

 





 

 





‘ cg; juppfiu t/Ieb/an/u





Pool Peter Pumpkin, cooking —- Poor Jimmie lonewcnt llorlhlor-—,

And talking to his lour pet —, To string on poles some lel’gnph -—

Said, “Nothing the would be so ~ He said, 'lny (and I'm no -)



As living in 3 (aka of ——." There's naught on will so good a: -."





Kink ll.—Some Plgs.

Name the pig that is selfish as selfish

can 'be (1).

And the one that reminds you of money





(2);

Then the third one you see in many a

shop (3),

And the next one is little and funny (4):

The piggie that dives in a dwelling abroad





3 .

And the pig that all art stores do sell (6),

The pig who worshiped the statute he





made (7),

And lastly the one that hangs up by the

well (8).

Answers to July 1.6 Kinks.



Kink I. BOtanlcal What-ls-lt.——Small

flowered or kidney-leaves crowfoot; Ra-

nunculus aubortlvus; Ranunculaceae or

Crowfoot family.



Kink ll. Enlgma.—-Eatable.





Wlnner of July 16 Prize.



Fern G. Hacker.



Prlzes for Stralghtenlng Klnks.—To the

sender of each of the ten neatest correct

answers to all of the above Kinks. we will

give choice of a package or 50 postcards

of general interest. a nice leather purse,

or a copv of the Everyday Memorandum

cook book. Where contestant or some

member of his family is not a regular

subscriber a year’s subscription (75c)

must accompany answers. Answers must

not reach us later than Sent. 10, as cor-

rect solutions will be published in issue

of Sept. 17. Address answers to the puzzle

Department. Michigan Farmer.





 





 





 





 





 





     





* we

MOTHER’S “MOTIONS”





Good for Young Poopio'to follow.





 





I‘My little-grandson often, comes up to

show me how large the muscles of his

arms are.



“He was, a delicate child, but has de-

veloped into a strong, healthy boy and

Postum has been the principal factor.



“I was induced to give him the Postum

because of my owu experiencewith it.



“I am sixty years old, and have been .

a victim of nervous dyspepsia for many





years. Have tried all sorts of medi-

cines and. had treatment from many

physicians, but no permanent relief





came. I believe nervous dyspeptics suffer

more than other sick people, as they are

affected mentally as well as physically.



“I used to read the Postum advertise-

ments in our paper. At first I gave but

little attention to them, thinking it was

a. fraud like so many I had tried, but





finally something in one of the advertise-





ments made me conclude to try it.



“I was very particular to have it pre-

pared strictly according to directions.

and used good, rich cream. It was very

nice indeed, and about bedtime I said to

the members of the family that I be-

lieved I felt better. One of them laughed

and said, ‘That’s another of mother's

notions,’ but the notion has not left me

yet.



“I continued to improve right along

after leaving off coffee and taking Post-

um, and now after three years' use I

feel so well that I am almost young

again. I know Postum was the cause of

the change in my health and I cannot

say too much in its favor. I wish I could

persuade all nervous people to use it.”



Read “The Road to VVellville," found.

in pkgs.- “There’s a Reason."





Ever read the above letter? A

new one appears from time to

time. They are genuine. true.

and full of human interest.





 





,1/





FIRE LOSSES;





t 3/4 by Lightning





“ 11’4 Other Causes .2





,\ .fl 3' , 4/;

/





\ , 7—" _ ,,





\‘ng, ‘ ”~W‘





V»

i \

\\N





- _ 2,:





 





In it any wonder that fire nominee com-

panies are grantin low - rates 0 induce

people to protect the 1' buildings romlight-

uing by the D & S system of lightning rods?





over 2000 insurance

Companies Endorse

the System oi light-

ning Protection?“—

[acted by Professor

West Md. ’





' You can have botlrprotection from ii ht-

ning and fire insurance for the cost 0 fire

insurance alone. The reduced rate of fire

insurance will pay for your lightning rods.

Not a single building protected by D 8:8

lightning rods was ever destroyed.





Think of Your Family





Fire insurance does not repay you for the loss

of your loved Ones. But D k S lightning rods pro-

tect them. Can you afford to go on taking the

chances?



Write and let us tell you all about D I: S light-

ning rods. the nation-wide insurance company

endorsement and our guarantee to you. Book on

Law: and Nature of Lightning Free.





DOD!) & STRUTHERS

429 Sixth Ave.I Des Monies. Iowa.





l.





 





,/





 





 





W...

E. 7"... ”5%





 





 





Telegraph Op erators

You can earn ngood salary as a tele- '



graph operator. Now is the time to Are In



study it. Young men and women wanted



to fill railroad and government positions. Demand



Expenses for course of 24 weeks tuition. board, room, including



typewriting. $80. Positions secured graduates. Write for com.





MARION TELEOMPHIB School, Box 15, Marlon,lndlana.





WANTE lowing: Lahe, Planet and Floor





hands. Ideal home conditions. steady employment.

and good wages remium for extra groduotion.





1

Address ERIE ‘ci’ii? IRON woaxs. RIE. PA.

12 YOUR NAME IN GOLD 10°





or town erecting! on Gold Embouod Pout (”ard-

ALESMEN WANTED—To sell FRUIT TREES





 





—We are. increasing our production.

and mute a plicutions from the fol-





 





GOSS 00., 2147 Arthur Ave” New York.

dz PLANTS. Free outfit. Commission paid week.

Iy. Write for terms. Mitchell's Nursery. Beverly, 0,





Let Me Siari You In Business l

I will furnish the advertising,matter and the plans.

I want one sincere. earnest man in every town and

township. Farmers. Mechanics, Builders. Small

business man. anyone anxious to Improve his con-

dition. Addreu Commercial Democracy, Dept. D 80, Elyril, Ohio.





PATENTS BOUGHT





Manv deals closed by our clients—one“ recently

for $680,000.00—our 00/" of Patents that PROTECT.





Send 8c postage or our 3 books for Inventors.

R. S. 6: LB. My, woman-1mm D. 0. Blob. 1869.





 





 





.Wv
.w‘?





 





«threw .





 





 





 





 





 





 





ARE YOU TOO TIRED TO’EAT? ‘

MANY MOTHERS OFTEN ARE.





 





ing of a. woman who died from an



ailment which puzzled her family.

Firmly the family physician bluntly, told

them the woman had died of starvation.

Her husband was horrified. He had al-

ways prided himself upon being a. “good

provided.” His table was bountifully

spread with the best of everything, and

himself and five children were robust and

strong, living witnesses to the fact that

his family was well fed. He indignantly

declared that the doctor was crazy, but

the doctor, who knew the way of the

household, stuck to his diagnosis.





SOMETIME ago I remember of read-





“Your wife did hei1 own work for your

large family," said he. “She prepared all

the meals, and by the time each meal was

ready she was always tired. Then the

children never came when they were

called, she had to bring them in one at a

time and get them to the table. You were

always too hurried to help serve, and she

had to wait on five hungry, impatient

children before she started her own meal.

By the time she could think of eating her

own dinner everything was cold and

tasteless. She was too exhausted to warm

things up, and besides her appetite was

gone. She thought she was not hungry,

Lind so did not eat. Of course, she never

View. entirely without food, but she did

not get enough nor of the right sort to



" ‘ '_-operly nourish her, and as a result she



gjsrdead from starvation.”



"\“Of course, thisis an extreme case. Per-

.vaa;-.m¢it is not even true, but is just a

"".‘T" T‘heWspaper story," as we say. But there



is enough in it to make many women



‘ stop and think of their own case. Isn’t



“ it true, tired mother, that by the time



~ you have the meal all ready and the fam—



ily started, you find you don’t relish your

meal and often rise from the table un-

satisfied?





5,





Women, mothErs rather: are too prone

to think of everybody but themselves.

Father and the children must be looked

after, “He” expects it and the children

need it. The choicest bits go to the father

and the brood, and mother takes what is

left. Then there is the constant getting

up and down to wait upon the table,

which seems to be inevitable in some

homes. Many women never look the

table over to see that everything is in

place, and are compelled to get up and

down a dozen times during a meal for

some forgotten article. Others are care-

ful to see that everything is on that is

needed, but John or the boys ask for

something not on the table and mother

jumps up and runs down cellar after the

dainty. Then the bread plate will need

replenishing, the milk pitcher is emptied,

the butter dish is cleaned up, or some

other dish must be filled. Mother gets up

for everything, and the result is that she

never knows when she is through eating.

She either eats more than she should, or

less, and in either case indigestion and its

kindred ills is the result.



To me, looking after the table is the

hardest part of the whole day’s work.

Perhaps years of boarding, with a. maid

to bring everything has spoilcd me, pcr-

haps I'm constitutionally lazy. Be that

as it may, a. meal is spoiled if I have to

leave the table two or three times. But

just how the woman who does her own

work is going to arrange so she need

never leave the table is a problem I have

not solved. Of course, one can see that

everything necessary is on before being

seated. Sugar; cream. salt and pepper,

sufi‘lcient spoons, glasses, cups, saucers,

side dishes and knives and forks can al-

waysbe provided when the cloth is laid.

Bread and butter, relishes, and things of

that sort, with the meat and vegetables

can be in place at first. Sometimes the

dessert may be on a small table at the

hostess’ right, so she can serve the des-





sert and put the soiled plates on the

table. But personally, the sight of that

table of soiled dishes, goes against me.

I would rather carry them to the kitchen

than endure them in the dining room.

And again, suppose the dessert is ice

cream, or a pudding which must be kept

hot. You can’t have that on your side

table. Or suppose you have soup and

want to keep your meat and vegetables

warm on the stove. You must get up

then. Besides, there is that bread plate.

You don't want to bring the loaf to the





At Home and 13156ij ere





a





(I %€





table, nor leave it to dry out on your side‘-





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





L





 





table.



For one, I have not solved the problem

of how to serve a. meal without getting

up, and an attack of indigestion has been

the result. In families where there are

growing girls, the question might be

solved by having them take turns with

the mother in waiting upon the table.

Then no one would suffer and the daugh-

ters would be learning valuable lessons.

But in families where the children are

small, the mother seems to suffer. I wish

some of my readers who have struggled

with the same question would write and

tell me how they are doing. I, for one.

don't want to starve to death after cook—

ing three square meals a day for my hun-

gry brood. DEBORAH.





 





 





Country Women As Money Earners—No. 11.





A Successful Venture In Squab Raising.

By Frank H. Sweet.





poses has long been considered a



hazardous venture, for many who

have tried it have met with but indiffer-

cnt success. Lack of knowledge has in a

great measure been responsible for this

fact, no doubt, but it has been left for

a. woman to show what might be ac-

complished with care and thorough un—

derstanding of the subject.



Two years ago Mrs. Clara Mossler, who

lives on a farm almost under the shadow

of the Blue Ridge Mountains, cast about

her for a profitable occupation which

might be undertaken at home. The farm

she lived on consisted of about 100 acres,

and the task was not an easy one. After

considering many projects and abandoning

each one, she had her attention called to

squab-raising. Careful study convinced

'her that in spite of the many failures

made along this line, it could and should

be made profitable. So she began the

venture which has indeed proved a big

success.



During leisure hours Mr. Messier cut the

timber for building the squab-houses, and

placed it behind the big barn to dry.





SQUAB-RAISING for market pur-





 





 





and she soon found that the frequent vis-

its which she paid them did more harm

than good, ‘as the birds acted frightened

and nervous. Now she visits their houses

only about twice a. week, that is to enter

the pens, the other visits being made just

to the flying cages outside, to give the

birds food and water. A bath, too, is a.

luxury enjoyed by the pigeons, and care

is takcn by Mrs. Mosslcr to keep it clean

and thoroughly sterilized in order that no

germs may breed there.



The runs, or flying cages, are found to

be great helps in the keeping of pigeons,

as birds allowed their freedom do not

prove nearly as profitable as those which

are kept in cages where all needed exer-

cise may be had. The flying cages at the

Mossler Squabbcry are about 20 feet long

and ten feet wide, covered with wire. and

with porches run through them, as well as

the long sunning board underneath the

eaves, but enclosed with wires. The runs

were prepared with great care. After

digging up and removing four feet of the

old soil, Mr. Mossler filled in with a foot

of coarse rock, another of loam, a third

of sand and a fourth with good gravel.





 





Squabs on the Farm of F. 3. Sterling, of Monroe County.





Afterward it was hauled to the village

mill, where it was sawed and planed.

When this was done the site for building

was chosen. A slope of the hill proved

most promising, and the houses were

erected facing the valley, insuring their

protection from the severest weather, as

well as plenty of sunshine. The work of

building the houses and making the runs

was all done by Mr. Mossler, who esti-

mated the cost of $25 for each house.

Since the first building there have been

several additions made to hold the rapidly

increasing flock.



When the houses were ready for the

reception of their little imnntes,_l\[rs.

Messier purchased 19 pairs of mated Ply-

mouth Rocks and placed them in their

new home. .



The pigeons were very timid at first,





This allowed perfect drainage, and gave

the birds scratching facilities. That

they thoroughly enjoy it may be seen by

the number of birds always scratching and

stretching in the runs.



Inside the pens a covered walk leads

from one apartment to another, and along

it are placed tin-lined boxes containing





the feed. Along the sides of the pcn

proper are shelves or boards, on which

the nests are placed. These nests or





bowls are so placed that as each nest is

used and vacated by the parcnt birds. it

can be taken out, cleansed and returned

to its place. where the birds may again

use it after filling it with fresh straw. In

the pens are placed boxes of straw and

tobacco stems. The latter are liked by

the birds, and also afford an excellent

germicide.





. motel





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





When the Best istompletedfthe female

lays two eggs, and the work of hatching

begins in all seriousness. Should the

mother become lax in her duty, the father

bird urges her on, and often compels heir

to stay on the nest. He is by no means

a sluggard. though, and takes his turn

in keeping the eggs warm until hatched.

When the squabs appear. the hardest

work of the parents begins. They are

voracious little creatures, and it keeps

both birds busy in feeding the hungry

babies. Here, be it said, that the squabs

cost really nothing to raise, as the parents

feed them with a milky secretion from





their crops until they are nearly full

grown. As the babies grow older, the

milk thickens. and in two weeks the





squabs are taking whole grain from the

crops of their parcnts.



Then the father is left to tend them

himself while the mother makes a new

nest and commences the work all over

again. Some pairs have been known to

raise 13 pairs of squabs in a year. When

the first pair have reached the age of four

weeks, they are removed from the nest

and prepared for market, this being the

proper time for killing.



Thcre arc several diseases peculiar to

pigeons. but the most common of these

are canker and ‘going light.” In the lat-

ter case the bird refuses to eat and lit-

erally stni‘vcs to death. The most mer—

ciful cure is death, or giving the bird its

liberty, when it will perhaps find for itself

a remedy at the hands of Mother Nature.

In any case. the affected bird should be

isolated, as both the diseases mentioned

are contagious. Treatments for them

vary. and arc successful or not as the

development of the disease or the methods

used provc favorable or the contrary, The

Mosslcr farm has been wonderfully free

from discasc. and Mrs. Mossler attributes

this to the fact that absolute cleanliness

has from the first been observed. 'Each

wcek the apartments have received it

thorough cleaning, and the yards have

been kept free from litter and feathers.



In the raising of these little birds many

strange traits and characteristics will be

observed. And the work is interesting as

well as profitable. Mrs. Mossler has ob-

served that they will never become tame-

enough to allow her to pet them and

handle them, as is erroncously thought to

be ihc case; on the contrary, they are

exceedingly shy and reticent birds, flying

from the alliii‘ndt'il of a stranger. Another

trait obsci'vcd is the ultwr indifference of

the parents to It little one which' has fal-

len from the ncst. It is “fallen from

grace" indccd, and no amount of putting

it back will ever induce the parents to

i‘eclnim it.



The feeding of the pigeons does not re-





quii'c much cnrc, as they eat nearly all

the thing; which hcns do. Mrs. Mossler

fccds whral, i'fll‘ll, barley, mixed grain,





split pens and oihcr thing's of like nature,

inking care to give them plenty of char—

coal anti grit, which is another great pre-

vcniivc of illness.



In spcnking of the, venture, Mrs. Moss-

thul slm hos now .700 pairs of

birds, which she is ambitious of

mnkinc; I‘M"). ’l‘hcy increase rapidly, and

with tho additions to the flock new houses

have appcni‘wL until now [hero is quite

a colony on the sunny slope. The flying.

cages arc lillcd with bright—eyed pigeons,

whose glossy plumngc nml nlcrt move~

incnts, togw-ther with their plump little

bodics, bespcak the success of her work.



From carefully kept accounts, Mrs.

Mosslcr can tell exactly whether the birds

are profitable or not, and each pair which

does not prove so is removed, giving room

for another pair. The work of each pair

is known, and the actual cost of feeding

each bird has been deduced. The young‘

are fed by the parent bird, so that need

not be taken into account. The squabs

can easily be sold in the markets, or to

private customers, for $3.00 a dozen.



Mrs. Mossler's squabs have become so

well known among the summer residents

of the neighborhood, that the demand far

exceeds the supply during the summer

months, and in winter there is little de~





101‘ says
crease, ’a's most of the customers continue

to send their-orders from the city and

many cases are shipped away each week.

And though one 'had not the advantage of

a neighboring summer resort for market,

there is practically an unlimited demand

in all cities, as successes in this venture

are few, and the birds are by no means

plentiful.



The question of possible success is

solved on the Mossler farm, and it is not

impossible for anyone who, like Mrs.

Messier, wishes to turn some of her time

into the coin of the realm, to undertake

the project with as much success. One

must, of course, give the matter thorough

and careful study, and enter it from a

practical business standpoint, otherwise

the labor is wasted. Once tried, it will

prove a. pleasant and novel occupation.

There is doubtless a time coming,r when

this, as well as the other fields of labor,

will be overcrowded, but it will be long

before that time arrives, and at present

there is plenty of scope for the beginner

who would enter a work where there is

little competition.





 





 





GRAPE 'JUICE—ITS MANUFACTURE

AND USES.

BY H. F. GRINSTEAD.



There are several ways of preventing

fermentation in grape juice and cider. all

of which consist in destroying the germs

which cause this change in all fruit and

juices therefrom. The means employed

differ, there being chemicals used for that

purpose, such as benzoic and salicylic

acid, though these are not to be recom—

mended, being considered injurious to

health. The juice may be boiled and

skimmed then canned as other fruit. Tnis

will destroy the germs but will also im-

pair the flavor. By far the best method

is by sterilizing at'a temperature a little

below 200 degrees.



in: the first place, only sound and not

overripc fruit should be used. If there is

no cider press at hand to extract the

juiCe it may be done by putting the grapes

into a bag and squeezing by twisting till

all the juice is pressed out that can be

done in this crude way. Since the proccss

of fermentation begins as soon as the

fruit is mashed the liquid must be heated

at once. The best way to do this is to

put it into a double boiler or an earthen

or enamel vessel which is placed in a ves-

sel of water to prevent the juice from

coming in contact with the tire. and grad—

ually heating to a temperature of 180 to

200 degrees but no hotter. if a ther—

mometer is not at hand the proper tem-

perature has been reached when the juice

begins to steam, but it should not be al-

lowed to boil. It may be bottled or can—

ned at once but a better way is to put the

juice in an enameled vessel and allow it

to settle over night, as this gives a clear-

er juice. Do not let it stand longcr than

24 hours before bottling. Strain the juice

through several thicknesses. of flannel or

run it through a filter made of thick felt,

then fill into clt-an bottles which have

been sterilizcd in boiling water. Set these

bottles on a thin board which has been

placed in the bottom of a wash boiler,

then fill up around them nearly to the top

with water and gradually heat till the

water begins to simmer. or about the

same temperature as the first heating.

then seal with corks, or if mason jars

are used, screw on the lid. \thre corks

are uscd, melted paraffin or scaling way





should be poured over the works ;::"-’-r to:

are in place. Juice prcsr-zvmi it. ‘I'.i'-' We:

'will keep indefinitely and rrvtair. :2‘ .—





i'al flavor.

I'nfermented grape juice .‘r ..'.





many ways, both for the invaiii «17’: " "~‘

in good health; in cookint: and .‘ r :: r:--

freshing summer beverage. Mar/f was:





to use it will be suggested, but l.‘-T€ are a

few good recipes.



For grape nectar take two lcmons and

one orange, a pint of grape juice. half a

cupful of sugar and a pint of water. Serve

ice cold.



For those who desire a nourishing as

well as stimulating drink there is nothing

better than a beaten egg to which is ad-

ded two tablespoonfuls of grape juice and

a little crushed ice. For those who love

the flavor of lemons half a lemon will add

to the taste as well as to the medicinal

value of this preparation.



Grape punch is made by boiling to-

gether a pound of sugar and half a pint

of water till it is thick syrup; take from





‘ the fire and when cool add the juice of





half a dozen lemons and a quart of grape

juice. This makes a fruit syrup similar

to that used by soda fountains but much

better, and it may be served either with

Water or soda water. ,



A quart of grape juice added to a quart

of cream when freezing ice cream makes





the dish more palatable and beneficial.

These recipes will. suggest others. A.

safe rule to follow is to use it where you





would any other fruit juice, cider or lemon ‘





juice. For those who cannot eat solid

food or are suffering from indigestion,

a beaten egg and grape juice is at once

medicine and food. It is useful in baking,

to use in pudding, junket, fruit jelly, etc.





 





Flies are a. nuisance in early summer

and a pest later, but it is during the

season when fruits, corn, pumpkins, etc.,



are being dried that they

A Way to Kill become a positive menace

Files. to health. All fruit dried

in the sun should be

covered with white mosquito bar, care

being taken to so place the covering that

it; will not rest upon the fruit. In order

to rid a room of flies first see that the

room is thoroughly clean. No dishes of

ripe or rotting t'ruit, no papers in which

candy has been purchased left on shelves

or table, no crumbs. Lavender, mignon—'

ette and bergamont are odors especially

distasteful to the house fly and a bouquet

of any of these is not only pleasing to

the eye but healthful in a room.



When September days come and the

flies have gotten into the house in

swarms, don‘t think that the frosts will

kill them in a little while any way. Then

is the time for vigilance and the house~

wife who shuts her cycs to the danger

that lies in these scavengers is making a





grievous mistake.



There are several ways of ridding one’s

rooms of flies. The old—fashioned whip

made by cutting flour sacks in long strips

and fastening them to a broom handle is

good. Another method is to use the fly

killers now sold at nearly every store.

The leaving of poison about in open

dishes is not advisable. There is too

much danger that children or domestic

animals may drink of it with fatal results.



According to bulletins sent out by the

Fly-Fighting Committee of the Ameri-

can Civic Association of “'ashington,

a better plan is to close all dOors and

windows, “heat a coal shovel, stand it in

a hod near the door and after covering the

month with a handkerchief pour 'a tea-

spoonful of carbolic acid on the hot shov-

cl. Leave the room quickly and allow

the fumes to fill every nook and crevice.

“hen the doors are. opened it will be

found that all the flies in the room are

dcad and can be swept up and burned.

Pyrethcum powder may be burned in the

same way and is fatal to flies.



L. M. THORNTON.





SHORT CUTS FOR HOUSEKEEPERS.





I save all the odd lots of fruit and juice

whcn canning and then put all together

with plenty of sugar, boil slowly and can.

This makes a delicious “tutti—t'rutti."a_

M. E. H. C.



In making shells for lemon pies turn

your pic tin bortom side up and press

crust over the outside. Then bake and

you will be surprised to see how nice

thcy are.-~E, G.



In these days of picnics and outings

children are always coming in- contact

with a. wasp or bee. Procure a small bot-

tle of chloroform before starting out and

a few drops on place where stung will

entirely kill the poison and give instant





 





 





relief. M. E. H. C.

HOME QUERIES.



:T'. Farmrz' for July 16, J. H. wishes

.52‘15; ri-rrawl‘: for carpet or Buffalo

' .L" f.’ fr. :rzgr rfest-ts. saturate an old

.. . fr..'rr.a;lrli.'.-rie and hang in

*: fir=i strapping up all cracks,

jean".- ‘ .i: i4 Z'.'~':r.'~:. f in carpets or





rue. '35:: fiat-m up. give a good beating

have floor washed in turpentine water.

\‘i'i‘wn drv sprinkle hemlock or cedar oil

around the basic boards before laying the

carpet. Smoking a room with sulphur

will kill them. Be careful and put the

dish of burning sulphur on bricks that

the floor may not catch fire. If in furs

hang out in sun. give a good beating,

then take a clean. coarse comb and comb

thoroughly. This will remove all eggs,

etc” then put cedar oil on cloth and put

in the box with your furs. If one desires

to learn whether there are carpet hugs

just take a piece of red flannel and lay

on floor or shelves of suspected place.

Next day, if any, you will find them on

the flannel and easily destroyed. They

are very partial to red flannel. Eternal

vigilance is the housewife’s only motto.





Dear Editor:——I am very anxious to get

hold of some old—fashioned coloring reci-

pes, black. blue. brown, yellow and

orange. There used to be a list printed

on cardboard. If I could get this I would

gladly pay for same—K. B., Howell.





 





VAUG. '2o,"1910.





\





How to Buy.

’ ~ Soda emote...

in" the Country J





 





& Next time you go to the store (3)

J buy enough Uneeda Biscuit to last





till next market day. “But,” you .

say, “will they keep that long?”





(3) Yes-



Uneeda

' I I



; Biscufl: "J

i .



[ are the soda crackers that come to J

\ you protected in sealed packages, /‘





y so that you always have fresh soda J

crackers no matter how many you J





 





 





 





 





buy or how long you keep them.





</‘>





(Never Sold in Bulk)





NATIONAL BISCUIT COM PANY





 





 





 





 





The flange WithA

' ' Reputation





A Perfect Baker

Economical In Fuel '





That’s what every housewife seeks

in a range—one that is absolutely dependable.

every day, year in, year out.

Built on honor, of the best materials, the

Great Majestic outwean three ordfnary ranzec. It 1': the only range

made entirely of charcoal and malleable iron. Malleablc irdn can't

break—charcoal iron won 't rust like Steel.

The seams of the Majestic are riveted (not. put; together with bolts

and stove putty)-—they always remain air tight. neither heat, not cold

affects them. The All doors drop to





 





 





Majestic is lined ' ' form rinid shelves

throughout with pure .“7 G d G N ‘2 '

asbestos, % inch thick, 2 reat- an rand o springs. Md-

slide out. automat-

iron grating—you can STIC fcally,holdingwhat-

safaris—ands: s lazy: ever they contain.

w y .

tight 10111le and pure ,fi/Ieab/e and Ola/'CGZI he” pghgoggegwggdwfih

sure an even. (16- ' ' .

pendable baking :regrtilisaste‘filggrplftrpggl

heat, saving one- catching fire—ash

The reservoir is all copper and heats like a tea kettle, througha copper

pocket, stamped from one piece of copper, setting against. left hand

lining of fire box. It. boils 15 gallons of water in a very few minutes

fire. This feature is patented and is used only in the Majestic.

It is the best. range at any price—a. range with a. reputation

and it should be in your kitchen. It is for sale

49 states. If you don’t know who sells ,_

them in your vicinity, write us and we "3‘*r“_‘.7"T-u" .

. willsend you our book, “Range Com- g E35}? if

a range should first. read this booklet.

Majestic Manufacturing Co.

. Dept. 21 St. Louis. Mo.





held in place by an leableironovenrach

asbestos lining as- RAN shoveling as he s—

G E.

half the fuel. cup catches ashes.

and by turning a. lever the frame and reservoir moves away from the

by the best dealers in nearly every county in

" Everyone thinking of buying





 





 





 





We want an agent to attend every picnic, fair or

i farmer gathering of any'kmd. We pay liberally to

. good, hard workers. Write for terms and state when

I. I you can work and time you can give. Address





THE MICHIGAN PARMER Detroit.





   





‘3'.

l

l

l‘ I.





 





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my ,{A
film: a: m: 1

AUG. '29, 1910.





,, " '/

AGRICWLTUREHN (THE: HIGH ' '





SCHOOLS OF MICHIGAN.





l





The-i subject of industrial education ,is

one '01 rapidly growing interest to all

classes of people. The impression is gain-

ing ground that the work of the public

schools can be broadened without mate-

rially interfering with the so—called reg-

ular academic work, and by doing this

the public school will more nearly meet

the expectations of the people because it

will more closely touch the activities of

human life.



Intellectual training has been the domi-

nant feature of all educational work and

it must continue to be such. At the same

time we must recognize that education

should produce efficiency. This means

that we must add to our school work more

thorough physical training, together with

what may be called industrial training or

training along the line of vocations.



it is not possible to teach all the voca-

tions known to mankind in the public

schools, therefore we must select certain

ones which are fundamental. At the pres-

ent time the work in domestic science and

domestic art, music, drawing, and manual

training are preparatory for vocational

work and to this list we must add agn-

cuiture, which is the fundamental voca-

tion of mankind. During the past ten

years the demand for vocational training

has become more and more insistent and

the experiments which have been tried

show clearly that this work can be done

and that its effect is to improve the qual-

ity of regular school work rather than to

hinder it.



Agriculture for the rural schools has

been discussed under the head of nature

study, elementary agriculture, and indus-

trial education, and the interest is be-

coming wide—spread. Since 1897, during

which year the first work in agriculture

for secondary schools was done in this

country, the movement has become quite

general. At the present time over 15

high schools of the Minnesota type, 16

colleges, 115 state and county normals are

presenting courses in agri‘culture and over

SOO'Rpt‘lblic and private high schools in-

cluding in their course of study some in-

stijn‘c'tion in agricultural subjects.



Tulle teaching of agriculture is required

by "it‘atute in.thirteen states. At present

than,“ 3&3th of 'work being present-

ed .in secondary agriculture. . One is in

special secondary schools such as are

found in Wisconsin, Alabama, Georgia,

Uklaiiomaf The second line is the intro-

duction of courses in agriculture in the

public high schools. It. is not necessary

here to enter into a discussion as to the

merits of these two lines of work. Each

l'ue is demonstrating its value and time

alone can determine which is the more

effective and valuable for the people at

large.



In Micl'zigan we have one special school

of agriculture which has been doing most

excellent work during the past three

years. One year ago we began the sub-

ject of agriculture in the public schools

by introducing a course into one high

school. Out of 46 boys attending the high

school, 44 elected the agricultural work.

The work was undertaken purely from an

experimental standpoint but it has proved

an eminent success. During the past

year five additional high schools have of-

f‘u‘ed courses in agriculture and 225 young

men have been studying in the six high

schools. Six additional schools will offer

the course during the coming year and

thus in the school year of 1910—11 we shall

have twelve high schools in Michigan pre-

scuting agricultural subjects.



The plan of introducing the work is as

follows: \Ve make the subject elective

in each grade of the high school. For

the first year we make botany a part of

the agricultural course and add to the

regular work what we term agricultural

botany, which is a special study from the

botanical standpoint of weeds, grasses,

seeds and grains. For the second year we

give half a year of farm crops and half

for horticulture. During the third year

we offer half a year of live stock and

half a year of soils. For the fourth year

we present the subject of live stock breed-

ing and feeding and in the second half

of the year farm management, farm

machinery and mechanics. This plan

offers one credit in each of the grades

that is agricultural and the effect is to

hold students in school during the high

school course. It also affords an oppor-

tunity for young men to enter the high

school and select the agricultural course

and take the entire work in one year.



The WOI‘k is presented largely from the

scientific standpoint in order that there

may be an opportunity for the practical





 





2-,.- Ms: A's All





application . of the other-cadences. taught

in the high school. We endeavor to show

the students that agriculture is a science

and that the operations of farming are

based upon scientific principles and gové

erned «by natural law. Some time is given

to agriculture from the art side. This is

done by actual demonstration work upon

plots of ground side by side set apart for

“high school use, as well as actual demon-

stration on the home farms. Students are

required to observe the various lines of

farming operations as pursued on nearby

farms and to study means and methods

for improving present conditions.



An attempt is made to set up ideals of

the different phases of agricultural work.

For instance, the student is taught how to

produce a perfect crop and to know when

he has a perfect product. In other words,

he gets the true type in his mind. The

same plan is pursued with other subjects,

especially in the work in live stock.



In every case a special teacher is em-

ployed who is a graduate of the agricul-

tural college and is therefore competent

to present both the science and the art

of agriculture. These young men have

sufficient of agricultural pedagogy so that

the teaching is based upon correct peda-

gOgical principles. The following facts

have already been demonstrated: First,

that there is need for agriculture; second,





that agriculture can be profitably taught,





in the public high schools; third, that ex-

penses for materials, laboratories, etc.,

are comparatively small; fourth, that the

'work steadies the work of the entire

school and produces most valuable results

from a. purely educational standpoint;

fifth. that the results are practical so far

as actual farm operations are concerned;

sixth, that through the introduction of

the special lectures for the farmers of the

community, the interest of the farmer is

amused and the influence is wide-spread;

seventh, that the presentation of the sub-

ject in the high school at once raises the

subject of agriculture as a subject of

study to the same place asgthe other sub-

jects in the high school currimulum;

eighth, that the influence upon the indi—

vidual student is very marked as already

we have seen young men change their

course of life and enter upon agricultural

work with greater zest and zeal, and

these same young men actually demon-

strate on the farm~ that the theories they

have learned in school can be applied in

everyday life. and as a result there is

greater enJOyment in the work and-greater

profits on the farm.



These results have been clearly secured

and have demonstrated the feasibility and

the practicability of introducing voca-

tional courses in our public schools. We

believe that such a course, judiciously

managed, will enable the school to meas-

ure up more fully to the definition of a

real public school, that is, that it is the

interest which enables the students to

enter at once intelligently into the activi-

ties of everyday life and the school itself

becomes a means of increasing the effi—

('lellcy of the people because it touches

in a vital way the activities of human

life.





Agl. College. W. H. FRENCH.





 





CROP AND MARKET NOTES.





Ottawa 00., Aug. 13.~The severe drouth

still continues. There has been only a

few light showers in two months. Pas-

tures have become so dry that most

stock have to be fed the same as in win-

ter. Corn is very spotted, and is drying

up, especially on clay. The prospect now

is that potatoes will be the shortest and

poorest crop for many years. They are

small and but few in a hill. The ground

is so dry and hard that farmers are un-

able to plow for wheat, which is some-

thing unusual. Threshin-g is in progress,

and wheat and cats are turning out fairly

well. Hay is bringing good prices, but

there is not much being drawn to mar-

ket. The price of butter is advancing

some and will probably go much higher

lf thedrouth continues.



Gratlot 00., Aug. l‘Z.——At this time the

county is In great need of rain. Though

a large part of Gratiot had heavy rain

July 24, and local showers Aug. 3, which

gave great relief to corn and beans, the

ground 1s again very drv, the weather

hot. Corn has made rapid growth and is

in_full tassel and silk. some early planted

bemglarge enough for table use. Oats

are practically all secured except some

few that are waiting for the threshing

machine. Reports from some show a good

.Vield ranging from 35 to 63 bu. per acre,

40 to 50 bu. being a conservative estimate.

Wheat yield is good quality generally,



(Continued on page 139).





ANY PICNICS?

We will be glad to publish the dates

and place to be held of any plcnlcs or





THE ;MICHIGAN FARMER. .. - a»





l.





 

 





 





Ag}?! tiff: _





worse. 510m ‘





SAVE BOTH MONEYAND FUEL. - ’

Will You Spend 1c to Save $500 to $2000





If you will spend one cent for a postal card or two cents for a letter

and write us at either Kansas City or Chicago, the city nearest you, we

will send you a free copy of our new stove catalogue just from the _

printers which will show you how you can save from $ 5.00 to $20.00 on . :3

a high grade heater, range or cook stove. Our stoves and ranges %@a , .

are of the very highest grade, they are not cheap stoves sold at ' ’7

a low price, but the best stow: sold at lower prices than





dealers anywhere ask for stoves of equal quality.

have bought and used our stoves and





Thfillsallds 0‘ cus'omers ranges and they are unanimous in

sayi that they saved a great. deal of money when they purchased from us

andgfiut the have been unable to find their. equal. either in the stores at

home or in t 3 homes :1 their friends and neighbors. at, anywhere near our

price. Windsor Stoves and Run es are made for us exclusively, they are

manufactured by experts. Base urners come from a foundry which makes

a specialty of base burners, our steel ranges from a found~ which mnkps

steel ranges. our cast stoves and ranges from. foundries Wth 8960181le in

stoves of thatcharacter, and as they are built according to the specifica-

tions of our stove expert. a man who has spent alifetime in this busmess.

we are sure that. they are of the very highest quality.

of the foundries and sell direct to you with

we Take ‘he “Input just our one small profit added to the

foundry cost. This saves middlemen’s profits and expenses and explains

why we under-sell the local stove dealers on stoves of equal grade. The snv- -

ins: in fuel when you use 3 Windsor stove or range increases the economy “

ofgurchasing from us because every Windsor stove is well built, it is close-

!y tied, it has many exclusive features of draft and damper control which

insure economy of fuel consumption and at; the some time gives you the

highest possible heatin . cooking and baking qualities. Therefore. you

save from 85.00 to $20.50 on the first. coat, of the stove or range._when you

buy from us. and you continue to save money so long as you use the stove or

muse, because of its economy in the use of fue ‘

we T n Y all about these stoves in our free stove catalogue

e on now ready: 8 big book showing the most complete

line of new up—to-date styles carried by any mercantile house in this

country. ‘You can find a. stove adapted to the use of every fuel.

united to every climate and to every purpose. Our heaters range from

the lowest; priced air tight wood burning stove to the finest double

lheater base burner for her coal- from a low priced cook stove to

the finest malleable iron and steel range and on every one of them

we quote prices that. will save you money.





You Waste Money it You Pay a

, — Penny More Than Our Price





Don't think of buying a stove of any kind until you have

written us a letter ora postal and asked for a copy of our stove

catalogue now ready for mailing. No one can give you a better



stove than we give you and if you pay a penny more than our



price you cannot possibly get. any greater stove vulnefihan we

give you. Please remember that. and we Will provegt to you

If you will write for this catalogue and look through its inges.

Our stoves are guaranteed an as we have a wellestub ished , .

reputation for reliability. you do not. take any chance when i





you order

Stoves Ready to Ship lrom Warehouse Nearest You





We have worked out. a plan to save time in the delivery

of our stoves and ran on and we are now carrying in a.

number of warehouses t roughout the country. a big stock

of our best. stoves and ranges so that. we can make quick

shipment and save time in delivering. We worked out this

plan last year and it was so successful that. we have in-

creased our warehouses _nnd enlar 'ed our stocks and you

will be sur rised how quickly any 0 our better stoves and

ranges wil be delivered to you at your nearest. railway

station. All the details of this plan which saves time for

you are fully expllnined in our free stove catalogue. .Please

rememucr. furt ermore, that. we guarantee safe delivery to

your station: we assume all the responsibility of breakage or

damage in transit but such instances are exceedingly rare.

Our stoves are well crntod. blackened and polished. You

will be pleased with our prompt service, With the high unl-

ity of the stove or range we send you on your order an the

savin we make for you will range all the way from $5.

to $1. .00. Write us today sendinfilyour letter or postal card

to the store nearest you and we wi forward a catalo 6 free

and postpaid by return mail. Addresa us at 19th an (jump-

bell Streets. Kansas City, or Chicago Avenue Bridge. Chicago.





* ontgomery Ward 67 Co. ;

Chicago'and KaanssClty loo





:9. n it Hr): M '~ 1 is r





 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





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~\





”mum \

3m





 

 

 





“‘0‘.

“ma. 4‘-

Cit-3'6!





 





David Bradley

. Direct to Yilixls-inch





$1352





This famous

press now

costs you for

less than or-





 





Dealers





Hay Press,





 





 

   

   

   





tlinary makeS- . ' ‘~ ~A . hall”

Other styles. “2.- “ ’ 1"(7,_lllll‘.llyllllljt

one-horse and V WWW

engine power. 5 '- . _ \'r‘ '. 1'. 1-



$42-50 up. magi; L"...





W 1‘ i t e f o r

special Bay Press Circular 65042 completely deacribing them.





Sears, Roebuck and Co., tChicago





FARMS AND FARM lAAns MINNESOTA

Fllll SALE on EXGHANBE





 





 





 





Spleudld chances here. For reliable information

write STATE BOARD OF IMMIGRATION, Room

269. State Capltol. St. Paul. Minnesota.





i FOR SALE—~BIG BARGAIN





Stock Farm in Northern Michigan.





200nt:l‘l‘n'lllt1‘d\\'00(l land. :All under cultivation. Bu ild-





 





 





OR SALE cheap by owner fully e uipietl dairy





 





 





farm one half mile from creamer): Gem fin-films. inns. burns, silos. etc., all new and modern. Complete

tratedpartlculars, Wm. B.HATUH. Ypsilmiti,l\licli. €(1lllplllullt form machinery. btoek includes small

llcl‘ll ol pure l)r(5&l}{cl}il\7{(15; a {amigo llllllglwll' of grades.

,- , : . - . v - . 21 work teams. ctc. ' lesiret. all! u jut-cut can )6

80 A. i3fi$ug 3:511:33 afifig‘gfi‘g’{ffififfi‘ffif‘15”,‘51 secured at u nmulnullprice making this especially de-

Sha at farm W LeVallev owner s.,';51.1'u“. ‘Mich‘ , sirublojl’or silieep rzilfilng. “All sell for less thunhnlf

' ' ' ' ‘ ' ‘ ' ‘ ' ‘ ‘ I inventor} vu uezuu on veryeusy terms. . u unusua



‘ , . , l opport unityg Write to owner for full particulars an

W thIA‘Achfthe hinge-1t coniplotlrlmt offing “11"“ inventory. LOL’lS M. SANDS, Manistee, Michigan.



‘0 arms (I mrgnln ‘TIUOH. rl l‘ 01'





 





booklet.





Fine level land. two sch-A film

'00 Acres buildings. ()uh' RIM). 150

Farms. MORGAN & SMITH, Endicott. N. Y.





Valle ' Farm Arencv, we ’0. New York. -

’ " ‘ " 93-Acre Lake View Farm

Stock and Tools Included.

Beautiful country lakeside homo and money-mak-

ing farm; superb location, splendid buildings. ricli .

fields, sweet-grass pasture, lots of wood: 1’00 sugar

BUYA FARM I" CENTRAL MICH'G‘N Whore "Pay. maples. ’75 apple trees. other fruits; 2-story, Iii-room.

to Form. All dwelling. piazza. pure watcr; basement. barn. silo,

crops Fruit. Stock. Dairying. ata profit. Best of Mar- spring water: other outbuildings. all in good repair;

rets, Schools. Churches, “’ator. Our big new list Free aged owner includes 3 rows. horse. hogs. hens. wagons.

for the asking. DroxLa card today. Blichlgan Fm-In machinery, tools: everything only $3.3”; $1.400 08,511,.





Home 00.. 110 So. afayette St.” Greenvllle. Mich. balance easy terms. Complete detailsutnd traveling

directions to see this and other splendid farm homes





near lakes and rivers, in the mountains and at the





OWN A HOMEvrfliag'fizv: seashore, many with livestock, machinery and row ': ,_





gm: manoemem homemaker. wme ll“our:zsgaviiiAA‘iaii.for“Eighteen? .. .l





 





 





 





day. UNITED REALTY 00.. Saginaw Mlcnlgnn. Ufuon Bank Building, Pittsburg, Pa.





Mlclllelll FAB!S:L“32§%¥§%..SZ§SAElli? We Pay Your Fare Boll Way: In flail;





_ q

and Eaton counties.st to 875 per acre: splendid n b C} I" . . g- A

water. schools and roads. Low taxes. Write for List mugs? {ouryo 11.03, ‘53:“ $1,321" 603mm in, w

No. 4. BUCKLES& MATTHEWS. Hastlnzs. Mich. action of Florida. a. place when one

city] will pay for the land and. put lion ,in; L





when you can buy and m. c pm‘ ~mfifi , " * » .1 a ‘



the Belt Land in when $351.." fwaimugdg'm etc. M ‘ ,



Mlchlxnl at from We wmt 1000 tannin-h “out mm ' outpatient»

mime.» winning shun. Don's in aluminum " fir Sr.





:6 to '10 an. acre





 





 

 

 





 

 





 

 





1.





 





 





farmers’ gatherings of any kind, lf those,

Interested will let us know.





near Saginaw and Bay City. Write for man and par-

ticulars. Clear title cud ensv terms. Ptnffeld Bram.

(owners) 16 Merrill blag" Saginaw. W. 8.. Mich. “5 Atlantic Notional ‘Bnnk “Bldg.





DO ‘1' HOW? .

FLORIDA HOIIL‘NB mnAfl _ _ ‘ f

hot-anvil“, florldo.~ L“ "
'- 138 (If)





 





 





 





MM





E MARKET





DETROIT WHOLESALE MARKETS.





August 17, 1910.

Grains and Seeds.



Wheat—The present strength of the

wheat deal comes from Europe where it

is reported that Russia and France have

a short crop. To confirm these reports

foreigners have been buying quite liber-

ally on American markets—several car-

goes having been taken on Tuesday for

French consumption. Here all the factors

that go to influence the trade appear to

be bearish, for the time being—the short-

age in spring wheat being overlooked on

the boards of trade. And the cause of the

bearishness among brokers is the contin-

ued heavy selling by farmers. Quite dif-

ferent is the situation from a year ago

when a conservative feeling seemed to

hold farmers from dumping their wheat;

but it appears from the lightening up of

receipts at elevators in the more southern

sections that selling was largely by those

who needed the money and took advan-

tage of the rather satisfactory prices to

get it. The heavy selling at present is

farther to the north where threshing is

under full swing. There the wagons are

coming to the elevators in such numbers

that the falling off to the south has not

pulled receipts below what they have been

for past weeks. Millers are just ordinarily

busy this week and are not demanding

wheat urgently. The visibly supply in-

creased nearly 4.000.000 bushels. A year

ago the price for No. 2 red wheat was

$10794. Quotations for the past week





 





are:

No. 2 No. 1

Red. White. Sept. Dec,

Thursday . . . .1.031/_,> 1.02%) 1.041/2 1.07%

Friday '1 04 1.03 1.041%; 1.0814





Saturday ..... 1.0414 1.03%, 1.0417; 108%

Monday ......1.02% 1.01% 1.03%, 1.071/2

Tuesday .....1.02% 1.01% 1.031,; 1.0714

Wednesday “1.0214 1.0114 1.021}; 1.06%,



Corn.—Figured closely the average price

for corn is improved a fraction since last

issue. Selling is not so liberal as a year

ago when farmers were unloading their

surplus on the markets. They either

have no corn to sell now, or they believe

the present level of prices are not attrac—

tive enough, when the possibility of get-

ting feeders at prevailing values is con-

sidered. The growing crop conditions are

bearish, bountiful rains have fallen over

large sections of the corn belt and the

promising yield is improved by the mois-

ture. A year ago the price for No. 3 corn

was 71%c per bu. Quotations for the past

week are:





NO. ‘2 NO. '2



Mixed. Yellow.

Thursday ................. 67 60

Friday .‘ ................... 671,5 691/2

Saturday .................. :7 69

IVIonday ................... 6634. 081,15

Tuesday .................. 661,5, SKI/2

TVednesday ............... 6614 6814,





Oats—The supply of oats is liberal at

present. Offerings are large. The yield

is excellent in iSolatcd places. but more

reports indicate lighter than ordinary re-

turn from the acreage. There is a liberal

increase in the visible supply. One year

ago the price for standard OrltS was 401,4,3c

per hit. Quotations for the week are:



Standard. S-pt.





(

Thursday ................. 3l1/é 371/;

Friday .................... 38 38

Saturday ................. 3. 38

Bionday .................... 371/; 371/2

Tuesday .................. ‘l 37

“'edncsda y ............... 37 37





Beans.—~Michigan beans are suffering

for moisture. Many fields are dryingr up

while others are not filling well for want

of water. The market keeps strong. The

local trade is doing but little business.

Quotations are as follows:



Cash. Oct.

Thursday ................... $2.37 $2.10





)

Friday ...................... 2.35 2.10

Saturday 2'1") 2.10

Monday 23') 2.11)

Tuesday .................... 2.35 2.10

Wednesday ................. 2.35 2.10





Cloverseed.—The quotations have held

firm at the advance made last week and

crop conditions seem to support the strong

tone of the deal. Dry weather is the chief

factor in the crop calculations. Quotations

for the week are:





Prime Spot. r'c‘.

Thursday .................. $.50 3« F10

Friday ..................... R 3.0 8.1“»)

Saturday ................... $.51 am

:Monday .................... 8.10 5.30

Tuesday .................... 8,50 54.60

Wednesday ................. 8.60 8.70





Rye.——The market is steady. The nom-

inal quotation is 740 per bu., which is the

price of a week ago.



Visible Supply of Grains.

This week. Last week,





Wheat ............... 18.592000 14.798,000

Corn ................. 3,017,000 2,398,000

Oats ................. 4,429,000 2.045.000

Rve .................. 221.000 231.000

Barley ............... 9.94.000 741,000





Flour, Feed, Provisions, Etc.

Flour. The flour trade is steady at last

week‘s figures. Millers are moderately

busy. Quotations are:





 





Clear ................................. $4.60

Straight ........... . ................. 4.80

Patent Michigan .................... 5.10

Ordinary Patent ..................... 4.90





Hay and Straw.—The markets are not

responding to the firm feeling in the rural

districts on the hay situation. Trade is.

however, called firm at good figures. Quo-

tations on baled hay in car lots f. o. b.

Detroit are: No. 1 timothy, $16@16.50;

No, 2 timothy, $15@15.50; clover, mixed,

$15@15.50; rye straw, $76,137.50; wheat and

oat straw, $6.50@7 per ton.



Feed.——All grades steady with last. week.

Carlot prices on track: Bran, $23 per

ton; coarse middlings. $24: fine middlings,





Q





 





THE MICHIGANv FARMER.

$27; cracked corn, $27; coarse» corn meal, market has an easy undertone, although

$27; corn and oat chop, $24 per ton. values are higher than a, week ago. Quo-

Potatoes.—The yield promises to belim— tations are: Choice to fancy new, 88@90c

ited and already there is complaint of per bu; fair to good, 85@87c.

shortage in supply. New potatoes are WOOL—Trade is fairly active and prices

quoted at $2.75 per bbl. are 'held firm. .Unwashed fleeces from all

HIdes.-—Steady. No. 1 cured, 10c; No. bright wool sections are quoted as fol-

1 green, 8c; No. 1 cured bulls, 90; No. 1 lows: Fine heavy, 13@15c; fine delaine,

green bulls, 7c; No. 1 cured veal kip, 20@220; fine medium, 22@24c; medium,

101,20; No. 1 green veal kip, 90; No. 1 23@25c.

cured calf, I‘ll/fie; N0. 2 kip and calf, 13c; -

No. 1 horeshides, $3.50; No. 2 horesides, Baston,

$?-§Q;_ Sheepskins. as to amount 0f W001, Wool.-—-—The fact that less trading oc-

Zomwoc. _ _ il curred last week is not indicative of the

va'fiio'gs-TMQSS pork, $23, fam 6% true condition of the trade, for all dealers

pork. 3&3-"0-(“2W medlum clear, $22-09» recognize that a stronger market is now

50-”0; Sl‘mkcd hams, 16C' 51”. salted buts- prevailing. An active demand is reaching

kets, 140.; shoulders, 14c;‘p1cn1c hams, 15c, out for nearly all grades and prices are

bacon 1‘@19Ci 13’“ In “ewes: 12%Cr ket' stable, with dealers firmly believing that

tle rendered, 13740 per lb‘ 1: better values are to come shortly. The

Dairy and Poultry Produc 3' quotation for the leading domestic

Butter.-—lhe August pastures are not grades are' Ohio and Pennsylvania.

producing a large fiow 0f mllk and the fleeces—Delaine washed 34C‘XX 50c’ fin‘e

decrease in the butter output has held unmerchantable 2400250? 1/7-blocid comb-

the market firm at the increased values ing 28@29C' ef-blood comlbing 1280029c‘

put upon butter last week. Dairy olfer- Vt-blood cor’nbihg 27@280' delaineu un:





ings are marked down a cent, presumably washed, 26@271/2c; fine unwashed, 20@21c.





more because of inferior quality. The . .1 , . _

quotations are: Extra creamery, 29c; M1ch1gan,Wiscons1n and New York fleeces





, _ ,. , , . —Fine unwashed, 1960200; delaine un-

giétsp’efoiig 280’ dairy, 220' packing stock, washead, 26@27c;1/2--blood unwashed, 2WD

Eggs—Hens are not laying so liberally 3321.,i1333...““§’3§“e€;.53332,29_%-bl‘..‘2“.‘

because of the arrival of moulting season, 28@29c' 1/-blood 2760280 '3 ’w

and egg quotations are increased from ’ 4 ' ~ '

week ago. The demand keeps up well. Toledo



Fresh eggs, case count, cases included, '



are quoted at 181,420 per doz. Clover Seed—Clover seed_closed strong



Poultry.-—~No changes have occurred in and 200 higher Tuesday, Whlle alsike held

the quotations for poultry but dealers are steady. Closing quotations were: Cash,

looking forward to heavier receipts which 38-80; October, $830; aISlke 03811, $850;

they believe will not be met by a corres- August, 38-50-

ponding improvement in demand and con-

sequently predict lower values. The high Elgin.

prices asked for other meats will no doubt Butter.—T‘he butter trade is firm at 29c,

check any large decline. Broilers are WhiCh is the quotation for last week. 9

steady at 17@18c; hens unchanged at. 15% OUtDI-It for the ‘W<§6k amounted to 878,300

@160; roosters and stags still 10c; ducks lbs.,.c0mpared Wlth 918,000 lbs. for the

continue at 14@15c; also geese at 11@12c prev10us week.

and turkeys at 18c per lb.



Cheese.-—Michigan, late made, 15c; THE LIVE STOCK MARKETS.

Michigan. fall made, 171,§@18c; York state,

lix’QltSl/gc; limburger old, 17@18c; Swiss, Buffalo.

domestic block, 23@24c; cream brick, August 15, 1910,

166016350 (Special report by Dunning & Stevens,



New York Central Stock Yards,



Apples.—~T‘here is a fairly good supply East Buffalo. N. Y.)

of early fall apples. Duchess‘ are quoted Receiptns 0f StOCk here today as fOUOWS!

at $3613.50 per bbl., and common stock Cattle, 1‘5 cars; T1035. 12,480; Sheep and

Martin or“? Le?- ..



ba e.— t ad . Sellinrr t 1.75 er ’1 0a 5 0 ca e on 0111' mar 'e



”Sta: {0? neg? y ° a $ p here today, and with 30,000 reported in



Blackberries.—Market dull and steady. Chlcago. all grades ofgcattle sold from 15

Selling at $3.50@4 per bu. @250 per hundred weight lower. Market



Huckleberries.—~Higher and scarce. was active at the_decline, and at the

Quoted at $4694.25 per bu. close about everything was sold.



Peaches..._07f fair qtl-Lllity_ One-fifth VYe quote: Best 1,300 to 1.500—1b.steers,

bushel basket quoted at 25C. $7.20607.60; good prime 1,200 to 1,300'1b.



Vegetab|esl_Beets, 750 per bu; car- steers, $6.75@7.15; best 1,100 10 1.20114”).

rots, 50c per bu.; cucumbers, 25@350; Shipping steers, $6~25@6-75; medium

1,”. doz; eggplant, $1.25@1.50 per doz; butcher steers, 1,000 to 1,100 lbs, $02560

green beans, 75c hamper; green peas, 75c 5.75; light butcher steers, $4.75@o.10; best

1,1,1; green onions, 106F121: (102; head let- fat cows, $4.75@5.10; falr to good cows,

111113. 7560900 per bu; mint, 250 per doz; $3-75@4-403 common to medlum do., $2375

parsley, 20@25c per doz; radishes, 150 @350; trimmerS, $2.25@2.75; best fat heif-

p~r doz; spinach, 65c per bu; turnips, 400 91‘s. $5-50@6: 3006 60.. $4-25@5-25; fair to

per doz; watercress, 20@250 per doz; wax good do., $4@4.40; stock heifers, $3.75@4;

titans, 75c bu; pieplant, 20¢ per dozen. best feeding steers, $4.75@5; medium to

good do., $4@4.25; stockers, all grades,

$3.50@4; best bulls, $5.25@5.50; bologna

bulls, $3.75@4.25; light thin bulls,$$3.5%@

, 3. 5; best milkers and springers, 55@ 5;



Grand Rapids. common to good, $25@35.



Fruit sold as follows on the city mar- With 78 loads of hogs on our market,

kct Tuesday morning: Peaches, $150@ and 30,000 reported in Chicago, and lower

1.77.; apples, $1fi>1.25; plums, $180622; prices, weather very warm here, made the

blackberries, $2.25; pears, $1@1.25. Early packers very independent, as they were

potatoes are bringing 900@1. If the north- well stocked with hogs from purchases of

em Michigan potato sections get rain the last of last week, and eastern orders

within the next two weeks a big yield of were quite limited. Market opened 106;)

late potatoes is predicted. The crop is 150 lower on mixed, mediums and heavies,

looking fine. Vegetables range as follows and from 20@40c on yorkers, lights and

on the city market: Butter beans, 65c pigs. Closing steady at the opening, with

bu; stringbeans, 60c; green corn, 15@18c a good clearance for all that was yarded

doz; celery, 15c; cucumbers, 35@40c; in time for the market.



Squash, $1.50 bu; cabbage, 75fi185c; toma- We quote: Mixed and heavies, and



toes. $2@2.50; head lettuce, $1; cauliflow- heavy mixed, $890609; lighter mediums



er, $1.75; beets, 10c~doz; silver skin on- and yorkcrs, $9@9.25; good 200 to 225-lb.

ions, 15c; osage melons, $2.25 bu. Some average. $9.05; pigs. $9.20@9.25; roughS.

sales of dressed hogs at 121/2c are report- $7-30@7.40: Stags. $6436.50.



9L1 this week. Spring chickens are up The lamb market opened slow and about



l/Jc, prices on live poultry delivered being half a dollar lower than last Monday;



as follows: Spring chickens, 14c; fowl, mf‘St 0f the best lambs 56“ng at $6.756?

12c; duckS, 12c; turkeys. 13c; geese, 70. 6-35. Yearling lambs, $5-50@5-75- LOOK



.ldggs are steady at 17@171,éc, Dairy but- for about steady prices balance of week.



ter is unchanged at 23c; creamery at 29c. Sheep were steady today, and the pros-



The wheat market is 20 higher, the mills peers are for about steady prices balance



paying 960 for No. 2 red and 940 for No. of week. _



1 white. We quote: Spring lambs, $6.65@6.85;

wethers, $4.75@5.25; cull sheep, $2.50@

3.50; bucks, $2.50@3.25; yearlings, $5.50@



ith 5.75; heavy ewes, $3.90@4; handy ewes,



$4.25@4.50; veals, choice to extra, $960



9.25; fair to good do., $7.50@8.50; heavy



calves, $6@7.





 





 





 





 





 





Fruits and Vegetables.





 





OTHER MARKETS.





 





 





New York.

Patten—Prices fractionally higher w

market firm at the advance. Creamery

specials quoted at 30c; extras, 29c; thirds

to firsts, 24fi28c.

Eggs—Market firm. Nearby eggs are





 





f,”lfl[“(] at 254128c; fresh gathered extras, Chicago.



212.271- firsts, 20o 21c per d'oz. August 15. 1910.

P«’lultr§.‘.——l\larket irregular and uncer- Cattle. Hogs. Sheep



rain. Live quoted as follows: Western Received today ...... 30.000 32.000 30,000





broilers, 16%?418%c; fowls, 14@171/2c 1b. Same day last year..20,586 25,662 24.166

————- Received last week...68,070 85,519 131,235

Chicago. Same week last year.53,832 102,448 86,469



\Vheat.—No. 2 red, 51010010214; Sep- Demand for good to choice native steers

temper, 351026310214; December, $10553 continued strong at the start this week

@1J'JS-‘iic bu. _ in spite of general receipts of 30,000 on

(Torn—No. 2 mixed. 6414c; September, Monday, which was largest one day’s

6330c; December. 61%@61%c. arrivals thus far this season. Quota of

Oats—No. 3 white. 351460353940; Septem- finished classes was short, however, big-

hcr, 3013c; December, 381/8@381/;c. gest share of the run being medium to

Rotten—Demand less urgent, but sup- pretty good. along with grass—fed, plain

plies are small and prices hold steady. quality classes. The latter sold at 10@15c

Quotations are: Creameries, 25@29c; decline from last week‘s finish, competi-

dairies, 23fir26c. tion from a run of 6.500 western range

Eggs—Supplies continue inadequate for cattle being a bearish factOr in the market

requirements and storage stock has to be for natives of value below $7. Prime

drawn upon. Prices are strongly held. steers sold up to $8.25, averaging 1.555

Onotations are: Prime, firsts, 20c; firsts, lbs, while other 1,550-lb. beeves made

180: at mark. cases included, 10@14c doz. $8 but there was a slim supply good

Hav and Straw.—Market steady with enough to land above $7.75 and biggest

an advance of $1 per ton on choice grades. quota of good 1.200 to 1.350-lb. steers

Quotations are: Choice timothy, $2260 brought $6.85@7.50 with the medium to

22.50; No. 1 timothy. $20.50@21; No. 2 do. good killers at $6.10@6.75, while grass-

and No. 1 mixed. $196020; No. 3 do. and fed contingent averaging 900 to 1.200 lbs.

No. 2 mixed, $15.50@18; rye straw, $9@ sold at $5656. Feeding cattle, in big sup-

1050; oat straw, $7.50@8; Wheat straw, ply, Went at 10@20c decline from last

W50@7.50. week, selling largely at $4604.85 with com—

Beans—Values are well maintained and mon stockers down to $3623.35. Western

quotations "have not changed from last range steers were steady to firm sale at





week. Choice hand-picked are quoted at $5606.50 fer plain to choice while range





$2.48@2.52; fair to good, $2.45@2.47; red feeders made $4605.20. Native cows and

kidneys, $3.75@4.25 per bu, heifers sold at 10@15c decline and bulls

Potatoes—The demand is slow and the were 10@20c lower while the calf deal





1





'AUG. 20, 1910.





was weak to 25c off from last week's

closing. . ,



In the' hog trade there was a liberal

supply of 3,200 and the market was 5@10c

lower than last week’s closing, prime

lights topping at $8.95, choice heavy at

$8.50 and choice light butchers at $8.90.

Mixed packing grades made $7.75@8.10, and

poor to good heavy packing, $7.50@8, with

fair to good medium weight butcher hogs

at $8.20@8.40, and plain to good hogs at

$8.50@9.



The same old keen country demand ex—

isted for feeding sheep and lambs and

despite big receipts of 30,000 market for

feeders and fat stock held at strong

rates. Prime native lambs topped at

$6.75 and rangers sold up to $6.90, with

best feeding lambs at $6.60@6.65 and a.

big crop around $6.50. Wethers went at

$4614.40 and ewes up to $4.25 while decent

breeding ewes sold at $4.25@4.75 and fat

Idaho yearlings up to $5.50.



As a result of sensational price ad~

vances in the previous week. market last

week was badly overcrowded with native

cattle, and a slump of 25@35c was forced

before the close. In some instances medi-

um to good steers showed a 40@50c de-

cline from the high point the week be—

fore. "he increase in receipts totaled

18,000, and was made up entirely of na—

tive stock, range supplies being only of

the volume which arrived the week be-

fore. Iowa and South Dakota feeders

continued to ship freely of plain and

medium grass-fed steers, the short pas-





tures there making the feed question a.





serious one. Few are in a position to

adopt winter feeding methods and shovel

out corn freely. The principal reason is

that old corn is scarce and there is not

much of a disposition to go into the mar—

ket and buy it at prevailing rates. The

decline even extended to prime steers,

these closing on a basis of $8@8.25, while

early in the week, and also the week

previous tops landed up to $8.50. Steers

hardest hit were those selling in the $6.75

@7.25 notch, which came in competition

with the good range beeves that killers

bought relatively much cheaper. Beef

steers sold chiefly at $6.50@7.40 for medl-

um to good, and bulk of good to choice

made $7.40@7.85, while the- grassers of

fair to good grade went at $5.85@6.35 and

common light kinds down to $5. Butcher

cattle declined 15@25c. Prime heifers

reached $7 but it was largely a $3.50@4.50

market for grass-fed cows and heifers

which formed the biggest share of sup-

plies. Canners and cutters went at $2@

3.25. Bulls sold 25@35c lower at $3@5.

Calves had a good demand and prices

held firm at $7.50@8.50 for fair to choice.

Western range steers of choice grade sold

up to $7.25. Next best price was $6.70,

while a few lots made $6@6.60, but the

biggest share of rangers brought $5@5.50.

Stockers and feeder trade was largest of

the year. Enormous supplies are coming

from the burned-up western pastures and

last week the market broke another -15@

25c for all excepting best grades. Over





800 car loads of feeder and stock steers,

went to the country last. 'WEek, of Which

600 loads were bought by feeders east of- ‘





Chicago. It was a $4@5.75 market for

common to good 700 to 1,000—1b. feeders;





while the poor to good stock steers went-





at $3@4.15.



After selling wide apart for weeks past

common to good heavy hogs now bring a

price basis nearer to that current for

light and butcher weights. Market is

drawing out a better demand from the

big local packers while there is also

broader inquiry on shipping account.

Heavy packing classes scored 25c advance

in the past week while the light and

butcher grades sold only 10c higher. Re-

ceipts continue light in volume but there

is a much heavier class of hogs coming

now than in nearly three years past and

what the receipts lack in numbers they

make up in pounds of pork. Average

weight now is around 255 lbs., a gain of

6 lbs. over the previous week, while 30

lbs. heavier than a year ago. This is

good evidence that feeders are converting

corn into pork, and even though the prices

are many points under best range this

seaStm, there is still a much better profit

in hog feeding than in recent years. A

good crop of spring pigs is maturing and

the trade expects some considerable in-

crease in receipts during the fall months

but until then indications point to con-

tinued light runs. Market closed Satur-

day Wlth prime light weights at $8.90@9,

choice light butchers at $8.75@8.90 and

fair to good medium weights at. $8.15@

8.40. Heavy shipping went at $8.45@8.65

while heaVy packing grades sold at $7.55

@8.10, and pigs at 38.40.7119.



Enormous marketings of sheep are com-

ing from western ranges, where feed is

very short and as a result a big percent-

age of the supply comprises stuff which

goes out to eastern farmers to be fat-

tened. Last week Chicago received 130,-

000 head and nearly 45,000 of these were

feeding sheep and lambs. Thus far in

the season there have, been 75,000 more

feeders sent to Michigan, Indiana and

Ohio farmers than last year. Under

pressure of the big receipts prices are

naturally showing further weakneSS and

in the past week lambs declined 10@25c

while mutton values were off 10@150.

Prime range lambs f0r slaughter sold up

to $6.90, and best natives at $6.75 while

most of the fat range and native lambs

made $6.50@6.75 with a fair class for

slaughter at $6606.25 and the culls down

to $4.50. Feeders’ keen demands for choice

thin range lambs caused them to pay

$6.60 for 60-lvb. Idahos while few feeding

lambs were bought below $6.25. Feeding

yearlings cost $4.75@5.55, and breeding

ewes $4@5.75 while poor to good feeding

wethers made $3.75@4.10. Fat wethers

sold at $4@4.35, 'best yearlings at $5.65,

poor to good ewes at $3.60@4.25 and culls

down to $2.25.





 





Wisconsin pastures are so dry that it is

a .hard matter to provide feed for dairy

stock alone and as a result there are

heavy shipments of cows, heifers and

bulls which are not steady revenue pro-

ducers on the farm.





«,1





 





. 1.-.
4’.”





 





«(A





 





 





   

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

   

   

   





AUGQZO, 1919.-

\ TH‘rs‘ terns Lyn-si- anmou.





In the first.-edltion the Detroit Live

Stock'. markets are reports of last week;

all other markets are right up to date.

Thursday’s Detroit Live Stock markets

are given in the last edition. The first

edition is mailed Thursday the last edi—

tion Friday morning. The first edition is

mailed to those who care more to get the

paper early than they do for Thursday's

Detroit Live Stock market report. You

may have any edition desired. Subscrib-

ers may change from one edition to an-





 





‘ other by dropping us a card to that effect.





~





 





DETROIT leé STOCK MARKETS.





 





Thursday's Market.

August 18, 1910.

‘ Cattle.



Receipts, 905. All grades 10@15c lower

than last Thursday.



We qtiote: Steers and heifers, 1,000 to

1,200, $5; steers and heifers, 800 to 1,000.

$4@4.50; grass steers and heifers that

are fat, 800 to 1,000, $4@4.50; grass steers

and heifers that are fat, 500 to 700, $4;

choice fat cows, $4.50; good fat cows, $4;

common cows, $3@3.50; canners, $2@2.50;

choice heaVy bulls, $3.75@4; fair to good

bolognas, bulls, $3.50@3.75; stock bulls,

$3@3.50; choice feeding steers, 800 to

1.000, $4@4.25; fair feeding steers, 800 to

1,000, $3.50@4; choice stockers, 500 to 700:

$3.50@3.75; fair stockers. 500 to 700, $3.25

@350; stock heifers, $3.25@3.50; milkers.

large, young, medium age, $45@60; com-

mon milkers, $25@35.



Haley & M. sold Regan 8 butchers av

552 at $3.75, 1 bull weighing 400 at $3.25;

to Mich. B. Co. 2 do av 1.300 at $4.15, 1

do weighing 1,040 at $3.85; to Kamman B.

Co. 1 cow weighing 1.110 at $3.75, 5 steers

av 980 at $5, 4 do av 705 at $4, 2 cows av

1.140 at $3.75; to Parker, W. & Co. 6

steers av 933 at $5; to Starrs 1 do weigh-

ing 950 at $4.50, 1 do weighing 550 at

$3.75, 1 cow weighing 690 at $3.85: to

Schuman 3 steers av 650 at $4. 3 do av

600 at $4.10. 1 bull weighing 670 at $3.50.

1 do weighing 1,050 at $3.90; to Sullivan

P. Co. 20 butchers av 830 at $4.25; to

Bresnahan 13 do av 601 at $3.75; to Kam—

man 2 cows av 1,050 at $3.75, 4 do av 960

at $3.85, 1 do weighing 1,200 at $3.75: to

LaDelt 1 bull weighing 850 at $4; to Re-

gan 9 heifers av 555 at $3.60.



Spicer 8: R. sold Mich. B. Co. 30 butch-

ers av 782 at $4.25, 32 do av 785 at $4.25.

1 bull weighing 1,130 at $4, 1 heifer weigh-

ing 770 at $4.25; to Breitenback Bros. 30

butchers av 831 at $4.40; to Goodwin 8 do

av 760 at $4.25; to Fry 20 do av 720 at

$4.25; to Lachalt 10 do av 887 at $4.40:

to Sullivan P. Co. 1 cow weighing 850 at

$3.50; to La‘boe 12 heifers av 723 at $4.25;

to Heinrich-5 butchers av 884 at $4.50, 8

do av 650 at $4.60, 10 steers av 908 at

$5;.-.to Breitenback Bros. 2 bulls av 875

at $3150., 1 do weighing 990 at $3.75; to.

Bresnahan 8 heifers av 521 at $3.60; to

Sullivan P. Co. 7 cows av 909 at $3.75, 2

(102339 925. rat-$2.75, 3 heifers av 783 at

$3.5.u1vbuil weighing 1,300 at $4; to Laboe

16 ’cbutehers avr 860 at $4.15; to Schrader

9 dolav 802 at $4.40. .



Bishop, B. & H. sold Mich. B. Co. 7

heifers av 611 at $3.75. 11 cows av 990 at

$3.50, 1 do weighing 860 at $3, 10 butch-

ers av 728 at $4.25, 2 do av 735 at $4: to

Breitenback Bros. 4 cows av 767 at $3, 3

do‘av' 1,123 at $4; to Regan 12 butchers av

626at $3.65; to Bresnahan 4 cows av 975

atr$2.50, 1 canner weighing 830 at $2, 2

do av 530 at $2; to E. Johnson 16 stock—

ers av 481 at $3.40; to Peabody 10 feeders

av-830 at $4.25; to Sullivan P. Co. 1 cow

weighing 900 at $2.50, 3 do av 1.043 at $3.

8 butchers av 1,100 at $4.25, 2 cows av 735

at $2.50, 1 do weighing 1.100 at $3. 2 do

av 400 at $3, 2 do av 1.115 at $4, 3 bulls

av 1,200 at $3.85. 7 butchers av 871 at

$4.50, 1 bull weighing 1,210 at $4, 3 bulls

av 883 at $3.10; to White 8 feeders av 840

at $4, 3 do av 733 at $4. 3 do av 716 at

$3.85, 1 do weighing 800 at $4.50; to Kam-

man 2 cows av 1,025 at $3, 4 do av 955 at

$3.60. 13 steers av 950 at $4.40, 3 cows av

873 at $3.60; to Bresnahan 9 cows av 833

at $2.50; to Goose 5 butchers av 546 at $3.



Roe Com. Co. sold Fry 1 heifer weigh-

ing 730 at $4.25; to Mich. B. Co. 1 cow

weighing 1,050 at $3.50. 26 steers av 862

at $4.50; to Hammond. S. & Co. 26 butch-

crs av 793 at $4, 2 do av 865 at $4, 5 steers

av 964 at $5, 9 butchers av 735 at $4.25.

2 cows av 675 at $2.50, 2 do av 940 at $3,

2 do av 1,050 at $4, 1 bull weighing 1.350

at $3.75; to Regan 3 butchers av 533 at

$3.50, 1 heifer weighing 470 at $3.50; to

Marx 3 do av .943 at $4.60.



H. N. Johnson sold Friendly 4 stockers

av 537 at $4.



Wagner sold Newton B. Co. 3 heifers

av 770 at $4.50, 2 cow and steers uv 1.025

at 4.



Hs. N. Johnson sold Regan 3 heifers av

577 at $3.90.



McLachlin sold Haley 3 stockers av 593





at $3.75.

Veal Calves.



Receipts, 618.



Best grades 75c@$1. heavies $150632

lower than last Thursday.



Best. $8.50@9: others, $3607; milch cows

and springers steady.



Haley 8: M. sold Newton B. Co. 5 av

155 at $8.50: to Parker, W. & Co. 6 av

230 at $5; to Brant 9 av 140 at $7, 5 av

145 at $8.25.



Wagner sold Newton B. Co. 6 av 165

at $8.50.



H. N. Johnson sold Parker. W. & Co.

7 av 150 at $8.50.



Spicer 8: R, sold Mich. B. Co. I weigh-

ing 190 at $6, 11 av 170 at $8.50; to Park-

on W. & Co. 10 av 164 at $6.



Roe Com. Co. sold Goose 10 av 178 at

$5.50; to Hammond, S. & Co. 19 av 170

at $8.25. 1 weighing 140 at $6.50.



Bishop. B. & H. sold Mich. 13. Co. 5

av 140 at $8.75. 2 av 220 at $6.50. 11 av

155 at $8.75. 5 av 160 at $8.25; to Parker,

W. a: Go. 10 av 135 at $8 25; to McGuire

2 av 145 at $8.75, 1 weighing 200 at $5;

to Burnstine 7 av 155 at $9. 2 av 130 at

$7. 5 av 155 at $8.50: to McGuire 14 av

150 at $8.75. 1 weighing 180 at $7.50. 3 av

145 at $8.75; to Parker, W. 8: Co. 6 av

130 at $8.50.





 





. THE" MICHIGAN FARMER.





She: and Lambs. .



Receipts, 3,50. Market 50@750 lower

than last week at opening. ,



Best lambs, $6; fair to good lambs, $5@

5.75; light to common lambs, ‘$4.50@5,

fair to good sheep, $3.50@4; culls and

common, $2.50@3.



Roe Com. Co. sold Hammond, S. & Co.

8 sheep av 105 at $3.75, 45 lambs av 67

at $5.75; to Barlage 41 do av 65 at $5.50;

to Newton B. Co. 33 do av 70 at $5.50; to

Young 34 do av 60 at $5.50; to Harland

44 do av 75 at $6.



H. N, Johnson sold Mich. B. Co. 25

lambs av 60 at $6.



Ardner sold same 17 do av 75 at $6.



H. N. Johnson sold same 10 do av 68 at

$5.75, 20 sheep av 110 at $3.50.



Spicer & R. sold Parker, W. & Co. 19

sheep av 115 at $3.50; to Stocker 30 lambs

av 60 at $5.60; to Hammond. S. & Co. 36

do av 75 at $5.80; to Pakes 23 do av 70

at $6, 15 do av 80 at $6, 8 sheep av 110

at $4.25, 4 do av 100 at $4, 52 lambs av

82 at $6; to Mich. B. Co. 53 do av 60

at $5.65, 9 sheep av 120 at $3.50.



Haley & M. sold Sullivan P. Co. 28

sheep av 140 at $3.75; to Mich. B. Co. 60

lambs av 65 at $6; to Sullivan P. Co. 43

do av 55 at' $5.25.



Wagner sold Newton B. Co. 4 sheep

av 110 at $4, 58 lambs av 80 at $6.25,



Lovewell sold same 36 do av 67 at $5.50,

9 sheep av 85 at $3.



H. N. Johnson sold Hammond, S. & Co.

62 lambs av 80 at $5.75.



Belheimer sold same 15 do av 65 at

$5.50, 2 sheep av 115 at $3.75,



Groff sold Thompson 10 lambs av 64

at $5.70.



Robb sold Young 25 lambs av 77 at 85.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Sullivan P. Co.

44 lambs av 80 at $5.85. 58 do av 75 at

$6.25, 10 do av 58 at $5, 19 do av 73 at

$5.75; to Mich. B. Co. 46 sheep av 100 at

$4, 18 do av 63 at $3.75; to Hammond, S.

& Co. 27 do av 115 at $4, 20 lambs av

70 at $5.85; to Pakes 47 do av 73 at $5.75,

47 do av 70 at $5.75; to Fitzpatrick Bros.

44 sheep av 75 at $2.80. 3 do av 100 at

$4, 8 do av 130 at $3.50, 71 do av 100 at

$3.75, 66 lambs av 80 at $6.20; to Mich, B.

Co. 84 do av 67 at $5.70; to Smith 18

feeders av 70 at $6, 59 do av 70 at $6, 43

do av 65 at $5.75, 63 d0 av 63 at $5.75: to

Fitzpatrick Bros. 54 lambs av 77 at $5.60,

3 sheep av 95 at $4..





Hogs.



Receipts, 1.980. Market steady at last

Thursday's prices.



Range of prices: Light to good butch-

ers, $8.90; pigs, $8.90@9: light yorkers,

$8.75@8.85; heavy. $8.50; stags, 1,6; off.



Bishop, . & H. sold Hammond, S. &

Co. 545 av 180 at $8.90, 344 av 165 at $9.

162 av 200 at $8.75, 132 av 215 at $8.85.

40 av 275 at $8.50, 61 av 250 at $8.60, 61

av 220 at $8.65.



Roe Com. Co. sold Parker, W. & Co.

144 av 190 at $9.



Spicer & R, sold same 82 av 190 at $9,

54 av 200 at $8.90.



Haley & M. sold same 125 av 175 at $9.





Friday's Market.

August 12, 1910.

Cattle.



Receipts this week. 797; last week, 595:

market dull at Thursday's prices. Best

steers and heifers, $5.50@6; steers and

heifers, 1.000 to 1,200 lbs.. $5@5.25; steers

and heifers. "800 to 1.000 lbs., $4.50@5;

grass steers and heifers that are fat, 800

to 1,000 lbs., $4.50@5; do., 500 to 700 lbs.,

$3.50@4.50; choice fat cows, $4.50@4.75;

good fat cows. $3.75@4.25: common cows,

$3.25@3.50; canners, $2.25@2.75; choice

heavy bulls, $4.25@4.50; fair to good bo-

logna bulls. $3.50@4; stock bulls, $3@3.50;

choice feeding steers, 800 to 1,000 lbs.,

$4.25@4.85; fair feeding steers, $4@4.25;

choice stockers, 500 to 700 lbs., $4694.25;

fair stockers, 500 to 700 lbs., $350624;

stock heifers, $3@3.50; milkers, large.

young, medium age, $45@65; common

milkers, $25@35.



Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts this week. 3,262; last week.

1.678. Market 25@50c lower than the

opening Thursday. Best lambs, $6.25; fair

lambs. $5.50@6; light to common lambs,

$5655.50: fair to good sheep, $4@4.25; culls

and common, $3.50@4.





Hogs.



Receipts this week, 3,281; last week,

1,774. Market 250 lower for heavy; other

grades steady. Light to good butchers,

$8.80@9; pigs. $9; light yorkers, $8.80@8.85;

heavy, $8@8.50; stags one-third off.





cnopbAiT) MARYET NOTES.





 





(Continued from page 137).





some getting as high as 45 bu. per acre

and 30 to 35 bu. for the most part. Ap-

ples and fruit of all kinds are scarce.

Some have begun plowing for wheat but

find it very hard and lumpy. Hogs are

scarce, some went to market at So this

week. New meadows came up very

quickly after mowing, but old pastures

are sere. Beans have a good growth of

straw and the late rain in July has caused

a good setting of pods, but it seems prob-

able that they will not develop well un-

less relief comes soon.



Hardin Co., Ohio, Aug. 8.~Continued

dry weather with us. Farmers are busy

threshing grain. Oats a. fair crop, mak-

ing from 20 to 50 bu. per acre: some wheat

as high as 32 bu. per acre. 'Corn is short

on the high land but the black ground

corn is doing well considering the dry

weather. Grasshoppers the worst in

years, eating up corn; some, cinch bugs.

Many are feeding their cattle. Pasture

all gone and the hay crop just medium.

Oats selling at 320 per bu: rye, 65c: hay.

$10: wheat, 90 m$1 per bu.



Mllwaukee Co., Wls., Aug. 7.-—We had

a good soaking rain of almost an inch.

which the soil took up like a dry sponge.

Just three weeks later on Aug. 3, we had

another nice shower of about a quarter of

an inch. The weather has been fair' and

reasonably warm with cool nights. Crops

where well tilled have stood the drought

quite well up to now. Hay all harvested

in line shape. one-half to two-thirds of

a. crop. Wheat. rye and oats harvested.

Threshing well under way. Oats yield





35 to'lio bu. per acre. Wheat 20 to 30 bu.

Rye almost the same. Late potatoes look-

ing quite well where well cultivated and

free from weeds and promise fair yield

if :we get good rains soon. Cabbage

about 60 per cent of a crop. Grasshoppers

are quite a plague in the southern and

eastern part of the state and very de-

structive to tomatoes, cabbage and beets;

in fact all tender green foliage is their

goal. New seeding almost dried up, but

i‘reshened up with late shower. Milk

getting very scarce, stock having been

fed in barn for the last three weeks. Pas-

tures bare. Select new timothy hay, $22,

and old $25 per ton; wheat, $1.12 in local

markets. Corn laid by and with timely

rians will yield a fair crop; setting ears

now.



Eastern Oceana Co., Aug. 9.——\’Veather

hot and dry. Corn and potatoes suffering

for rain; pastures badly dried up; apples

dropping badly and only a very light crop

at that. Oat harvest completed but many

farmers have not draWn their oats to

the barn or stack as yet. Fat hogs and

cattle very scarce, hardly enough to sup-

ply the local markets. Cattie. 3%@4c;

hogs, 8c; butter, 200; eggs, 17c; green

corn, 15¢ per doz: no potatoes in market.



Lucas Co., Ohio, Aug. 11.—Tl1e drought

continues in this section and is having a.

telling effcct on corn. Some fields are

nearly ruined at this writing. The out;

crop is all secured and some fields are

threshed, yielding from 30 to 72 bu. per

acre; wheat about 27 bu. Blackberries

are drying up on the bushes and are sell—

ing at $3@4 per bu; huckieberries, $3.50

@4; potatoes. 50@750 per bu; butter,

dairy, 240; eggs, 18c; tomatoes, $1 per

bu; cabbage. $1.50 per bbl. The hog mar-

ket is a little stronger, the price ranging

from $8.30@9.40; cattle, $4.50@5; sheep,

341114.50; spring lambs. $6.50@7.



Jefferson Co., Ohio, Aug. 8.——We have

had no rain since July 28 and then not

much rain fell, but the wind storm put

lots of corn down. We have had dry and

windy weather which made everything

dry. Today we had a little shower. Ev-

erything is needing a good rain. Corn is

just started to ear. Farmers have all

their oats hauled and are starting to

thresh. Corn looks good in some places

and some just the reverse. Corn, 800;

oats, 500; butter, 30c.



Clinton Co., lnd., Aug. 3,—The month

of July opened with showers and contin-

ued to rain as often as needed till after

the 15th. Since then we have had dry

weather. with the days hot and nights

unusually cool for this time of year. First

wheat was cut July fifth, and weather

has been favorable for threshing. July

rains helped out oats, and a line yield

of first-class oats is the result. Threshing

is well in hand with oats yielding on an

average of 50 to 65 bu. per acre. Wheat

running from 12 to 18 bushels. Quality

fair. July rains were too late to help

early potatoes, which are almost a failure

here. Poor prospects for late potatoes.

Corn crop very uneven and spotted. Out—

look, as compared with other years, is for

about two—thirds of a crop. with a. very

large acreage. Gardens very poor on ac-

count of drought. Prospects for clover

seed have never been better and the

acreage is large. Some early throshed

grains are marketed but not as freely as

other years. Elevators paying 970 for

new wheat and 36c for new oats. Pas—

tures are drying up and short for this

time of year.





LHERINARY





MAM

CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR, V. S.





Advice through this department is free

to our subscribers. Each communication

should state history and symptoms of the

case in full; also name and address of

writer. Initials only will be published.

Many queries are answered that apply to

the same ailments. If this column is

watched carefully you will probably find

the desired information in a reply that

has been made to some one else. When

reply by mail is requested. it becomes

private practice, and a fee of $1.00 must

accompany the letter.





Nasal Catarrh—Sitfast.—We have a

horse seven years old that worked until

haying was over. being thin in flesh all

the time, but hearty. He has done little

or nothing since; has had a fair grain ra-

tion and is now quite plump. A few days

ago he began to cough and later dis-

charged from the nose. He eats very

little grain, but plenty of hay. I also

have a young colt that has a. hard bunch

in lower part of ncck. that is movable

and about the size of a walnut. Vtht

had better be done for it? R. C., Ithaca,

Mich—Your horse suffers from nasal ca-

tarrh and having some fever will not eat

much grain until his temperature lewers

to about the normal point. Give, 1 dr.

acetanilid, 2 drs. chloratc of potash and 1

dr. powreded opium at a doso in feed or

as a drcnch three times a day. Open the

skin and rcmove the little bunch~~no dan—

gcr in operating. and I forgot to say that

nasal catarrh is not usually infections.



Indigestion—My l2—year-old mare blonis

after each meal and especially after ent-

ing a belly full of grass. She breathes

with some difficulty when the stomach is

gorged. What sort of condition powder

had I better use? . 13.. Pine Grove.

Mich—Mix one part salicylic acid, four

parts ginger and four parts charcoal and

give a tablespoonful or two at a dose

three times a day. He is perhaps ovorfed,



Swollen Glands—Chronic Cough—Have

a seven-year—old horse that caught a bad

cold early last spring. His throat glands

are swollen. “he has coughed ever since

and I am afraid he is taking heaves. H.

C. B., Rovston. Mich—Apply equal parts

tincture iodine and camphoratcd oil to

throat glands every day or two. Also

give 1 dr. iodide potassium. 1 dr. pow-

dered lobelia and 2 drs. muriate ammonia

at a dose in feed three times a day. He

should befcd no clover, nor musty fodder

and very little bulky food.





   





 





 





 





do 139





Injured Thigh.-About six‘ weeks ago ~





two of my horses were running in pas~

ture, the following morning one of them

had an injured leg. at small wound on

thigh midway between stifle and hock on

outside of leg.

posed kicked the other, wore mud calks

and the wound diacharges a thin watery

fluid. I have applied carbolic acid and

rain water. but the leg remains inflamed

and the lameness increases and the dis-

charge thickens. Our local Vet. has been

treating him and he states that some sort

of infection has made its way into the

wound. I also called a second Vet, and

he. thought it a case of open joint and

thought the horse might as well be de-

stroyed, but suggested that we apply air

slaked lime which produced no good re-

sults. He is now being treated by a non-

professionul Vet. but shows very little

improvement. The horse eats well, is in





good spirits but is growing thin and weak. ‘





Before the straps were put on him there

was no tenderness in the leg low down.

E. E. T., Flint, Mich—First of all I might

say that I do not believe it a case of open

joint. on account of the location of the





wound, but the bone has perhaps been-V





injured, possibly fractured, and there may

be a. small splinter of bone that should be

removed and the rough surface of bone

made smooth. If much pus is coming

from wound apply peroxide hydrogen

twice daily; ten minutes after each ap-

plication inject with one part carbolic

acid and 20 parts water. Also dust on

equal parts boric acid, powdered alum

and iodoform three times a day. He

should be kept quiet. but I fail to under-

stand how any mechanical appliance

placed on the. lug would be of much ben-

efit to him.





Core in \l'ound.—I have two horses that '





have a hard dry scab on neck. Our local

Vct. cut one out and left medicine to burn

the others off. but it has failed. Now

would you advise me to apply blue vitriol

water made by dissolving a teaspoonful

in a pint‘.’ This is a valuable pair of

horses and as sexcral horses have died

in this locality with similar trouble, I

hesitate to experiment on them. J. S..

()onodaga, Mich.~~1n my practice I

much px'cfer to cut out all such bunches

with a sharp knife and before doing so

very often use a six per cent solution of





cocaine which makcs the operation pain- .;;

less and if not cut burn it with nitrate of





silver once a day; to heal such wounds

apply equal parts powdered alum and

bone acid.



Breeding Two-Year-Old Fllies.—I have

a wcll dcvclopcd two-year-old filly that,

weighs 1,230 lbs., which I am anxious to

develop into a brood mare of the best

type. “'ould you advise me to breed her

now and if so had I better mate her with

a two—year-old or an older horse? R. A.

\V.. Kingsley, Mich.——I have never ap-

proved of brceding two-year—old fillies,

for I bclievc it interferes somewhat with

them maturing early and reaching a point

of. development which they would have





otherwise reached. had they not been used 1'

From, a;

financial stundpm'nt it will perhaps prove ..:





for brecding purposes so early.





a profitable investment to breed her. but

I doubt whether she will grow and de-

velop as well and as quickly if she is not

brcd until early next spring.

Indigestion-J have a three-year-old

heifer that came fresh August 1, but had

made very little bag and gives but a small

quantity of milk. She is in good condi-

tion and gave some milk up to the time

of calving. W. S. F., Battle Creek, Mich.

—As your cow did well last year and

shows no sickness now, I am inclined to

bclicve that her digestion must not be





good; therefore I suggcst that you give ,,

her 1 oz. ground gcntian. 1 oz. ginger, 1w'





dr. ground nux vomica and 1 oz. bicar-





bonate soda at a dose in feed two or





three times :1 day.



Heifer Gives Bloody Milk.——I have a

thrcc—yeur-old hcifer that gives bloody

milk from one quarter of udder. She

came fresh in April for the first time and

all 1 have done for hcr is giving her tur-

pentine in her feed. but this has produced.

no good results. W. A. 1)., Sharon, Mich.

—~Your heifer has perhaps bruised her

udder. Dissolve 1,; lb. of acetate of lead

in a gallon of water, adding one pint

tincture urnica and apply to uddcr two

Or three times a (lay. Avoid injuring‘tho

Udtif‘l" whcn you milk her.



Lcucorrhca.—-A neighbor of ours bought

a cow several weeks ago. The seller told

him she had been dried On account of

scarcity of feed. Later he changcd his

mind and commenced milking her again:

that, he claimed, was done bccause he

could not sell her for ilf‘f'f, Since our

Yl“'.‘;'.1lmr got, her she has had gomi feed.

and good care. but shc has a vaginal dis-

charge and strains a great dcal which

leads us to suppose that shc 111111 lost her

calf and failed to clean properly. She is

now giving six or seven quarts of milk

twice a day. Is milk from this cow fit to

usc‘.’ Silo is :1 fine looking cow and I

\vou'd likc t) know if I had better fatter

hor for bccl‘. Mrs. W. S. L.. Richmond,

Mich.~First of all your cow should be

cured before. you atimcpt to fatten her.

Dissolve 1 dr. pcrmanganatc potash in

three quarts of water and wash out va-

gina. using this quantity at a time, after

flushing hcr with a gallon or two of tepid

water. These applications are most eas—

ily made through a small rubber tube and

funnel. (live her 1 dr. of Beechwood

crkosoie in a crart of water as a drench

once, a day. After toe vaginal discharge

ceiscs her milk (‘81 be used with safety

and l‘cr flow should immense.



Impure Blood-J am writing you con-

cerning a yearling colt that has a great

many small bunches in skin situated on

differcnt parts of body. I was under the

impression that grass would have a good

effect in purifying her blood. but it fails

to make her well. W. J P., Benzonia,

Mich.——Give her 1 dr. Donovan’s solu-

tion of arsenic at a dose in feed or water

three times a day. The largest bunches

should be painted with tincture iodine

two or three times a week or else give

the colt 1 dr. iodide of potassium daily for

20 days.





AA-<.t¢ & ..A_J. a"





The horse that we sup»
140 (16)





THE DAIR





 





 





 





 





p

E

.‘O _ ’

CONDUCTED BY COLON C. LILLIE.





 





 





SOILING AND SILAGE FOR DRY

SUMMERS.



The unusually dry summer has brought

to the attention of dairymen the question

of how best to meet the feed situation

when there is a lack of moisture. Prof.

G. C. Humphrey, a graduate of our Mich-

igan agricultural college, and F. W. Woll,

both of the University of Wisconsin, have

made a study of the question with all the

resources of that institution at hand, and

have concluded that silage and soiling

are the two methods best adapted to the

northern states, for bridging the droughts.

Following is what they have to say upon

the matter:



The widespread drought during the past

season has brought home to the farmers

in all parts of the state the necessity of

providing summer feed for their live

stock, especially in case the available

pastures are limited and dry up quickly

during periods of drought. It has been

demonstrated in dairy sections where

silos have been put up and silage is avail-

able for summer feed that comparatively

little difficulty is experienced in maintain-

ing the milk flow or keeping the stock in

a healthy and productive condition when

silage is fed to supplement what little

feed the dry pastures may furnish, and

the past season which has proved such a.

hardship in many sections will doubtless

cause a large number of silos to be built

where the farmers have heretofore de-

pended only on their pastures for summer

feeding.



The system of feeding soiling crops to

farm live stook affords another means of

overcoming drought conditions and is to

be recommended where there is no silo on

the farm and it is not feasible to build

one. An experiment is now being con-

ducted at the experiment station at Madi-

son, for the purpose of determining the

relative value of corn silage and soiling

crops for dairy cows. Corn silage put up

last September is being fed to one lot of

12 cows and to a similar lot of cows a.

succession of green crops is being fed,

viz., green clover, peas and oats, oats, and

a mixture of cats, pcas and corn (succo-

tash). Later on sweet corn, green sor-

ghum and field corn will be fed as avail-

able, so that the cows will have some

kind of green feed throughout the sum-

mer and will be independent of the pas-

tures which furnish practically no feed

in this section at the present time. So

far as the experiment has progressed

there has been little difference in the

amount of the production of the cows, the

silage having proved of slightly greater

value in maintaining the production of the

cows up to this time. The results ob-

tained show. however. that the farmer

who has either kind at his disposal may

encounter a drought season without fear

of its effect on his stock or on the pro-

duction of his herd.



The feeding of either of these kinds of

succulent feeds necessitates forthought

and careful planning ahead and it is the

special purpose of this article to call the

attention of our farmers to this fact, so

that another dry season may find them

prepared ’by having a sufficient supply of

green feed or silage on hand to feed their

stock. If the farmer has a silo or can

build one in time for this year’s corn crop

he should, if possible, arrange to leave a

portion of the silage for summer feeding,

but if no silo is available he should plan

to grow soiling crops next season that

will enable him to carry his stock over in

excellent condition through the trying

summer months.



The crops mentioned above are well

adapted for soiling in this state and will

also give good yields in dry seasons when

grown on well prepared rich land, even

with only fair growing conditions during

the early summer months. If the labor

required in raising and feeding soiling

crops, the palatability of the different

crops, and other factors entering into the

successful production of a variety of green

crops are considered, it is very likely that

this system will prove less economical

than making and feeding silage crops,

and it is well, therefore, to look into the

matter of building a silo, especially for

dairy farmers, and to plan to feed silage

during coming summer seasons if they





 





‘ have not already done so. Silos are now





found scattered in nearly every county of

the state and a farmer will not have to

travel far in order to see one and get

personal advice as to the building of silos





and the feeding of silage. Unless Re al-

ready has a silo or sufllcient acreage of

corn this season and can build a silo in

the near future, he will, however, have

'to depend on soiling crops for next sum-

mer for the feeding of his stock in case

the seasons shall turn out similar to that

which we are now passing through.





THE LABORING MAN’S INTEREST IN

OLEOMARGARINE LEGISLATION.





 





During the last ‘few weeks of the ses-

sion of congress just closed, a determined

effort was made to interest the different

labor organizations in the attempt to se-

cure the repeal of the Grout law which

imposes a revenue tax of ten cents per

pound on artificially colored oleomargar-

ine. The parties behind the movement,

some of whom are members of congress,

either ignorantly or wilfully misrepre-

sented the requirements of the present

law and the result its enforcement has

upon the present price of butter.



Believing that your readers are inter-

ested in learning the truth regarding this

matter, the writer requests this space for

the purpose of '--iefiy stating the facts.



The Grout law imposes a tax of ten

cents per pound on artificially colored

oleomargarine and one-fourth cent per

pound on uncolored oleomargarine. Less

than three per cent of the oleomargarine

produced in the country last year was tax

paid at ten cents per pound! The other

ninety-seven per cent was tax paid at

one—fourth cents per pound. ‘This is

sufficient evidence that the ten cents tax

has nothing to do with the price of

butter.



The ingenuity of the oleomargarine

manufacturers has enabled them to pro-

duce yellow oleomargarine without the

use of artificial coloring matter. The re-

sult is that a large percentage of the

oleomargarihe sold is yellow but is taxed

only at the rate of one-fourth of a. cent

per pound.



Oleomargarine manufacturers refer to

their product as the “poor man’s butter"

and seek to influence the laboring man

with that argument. The laboring man

is just as much interested in knowing

that he is purchasing butter when he calls

for butter, as any other man on earth,

and this attempt to arouse his antagonism

to protective legislation is nothing less

than an insinuation of ignorance on his

part.



The man who chooses to purchase a.

cheap substitute for butter is entitled

to that privilege but he should be able

to purchase it at a butter substitute

price. He should remember that yellow

oleomargarine is always sold at a price

nearly equal to butter, while natural col-

ored oleomargarine is sold at a much less

price. He should also remember that

only three per cent of the oleomargarine

manufactured last year was taxed at ten

cents per pound and that the repeal of the

present law cannot possibly resultin low-

ering either the price of oleomargarine or

butter. It can result only in the decrease

in the manufacture of natural colored

oleomargarine, which is the only kind

that is sold at oleomargarine prices, and

which by any course of reasoning can be

termed the “poor man’s butter."



The writer is of the opinion that the

laboring people of this country are not

so ignorant as to be misled by such mis-

representations as havc been made by

those who are interested in perpetuating

a fraud upon the consumers of the coun-

try, and that when they are familiar with

the facts they will resent the imputation

which is contained in such an attempt to

gain their influence.



The consumer of oleomargarine and the

consumer of butter are both entitled to

protection, both in the choice and in the

price of the article they choose to pur-

chase. EDWARD K. SLATER.



Sec, Nat’l Dairy Union.





SECOND CUTTING OF CLOVER.—A

FOUNDATION FOR SILO.





 





I have some fodder corn planted. I ex-

pect some second cutting of clover and

timothy, balance I want to make up of

corn, well cared. How would you put this

into the silo? One kind at a time or mix

it as put in? How can the. foundation of

a silo be made round and sufficiently true

where it is intended for silage, to be two

feet down from top of foundation?



Midland Co. H. B.





If I intended putting the second cutting

of clover and timothy into the silo, and

it rwas ready about the same time as fod—

der com, I think it would be better to

mix it somewhat. Throw in a load or

two of clover and then several loads of

corn, and then when you come to feed

out the ensilage it would get thoroughly

mixed. There is a. question in my min-d





THE MICHIGAN FARME‘R.





however, if it would not pay you best to

make this cutting of clover into hay,

rather than put it into the silo. I would

think this would be advisable if. the

weather was at all favorable for making

the hay because you will want some d-ry

feed to feed with your corn silage. Then

I would put my corn crop into the silo

rather than put the second cutting of

timothy and clover.



The way to get your foundation even

and true is to excavate down the two

feet that you want the silo to go into the

ground, and then for your circular foun-

dation put up a. form by springing thin

boards around to stakes driven into the

ground just where ydu want them. Have

this form come up above the ground just

as high as you want the foundation. That

will make the foundation continuous on

the inside. Now fill this with concrete

and put your stave silo, or whatever

structure you have in mind on top of

this foundation. If you build a. lath and

plastered silo, have the lath on the inside

set back from the edge of the foundation

sufficiently for the coat of plaster. Then

when I plastered it I would begin at the

bottom and plaster the foundation as well

as the lath and plastered part above. This

will give you a smooth surface for your

silo. If you put a stave silo on top of

your wall then it would be better to

plaster your foundation with a good coat

of mortar, because the concrete will be

so porous as to seep water through if the

ground is any way moist at any time of

the year. Not only that but it will ab-

sorb the moisture from the ensilage and

cause a. loss unless it is plastered.





 





THE OOW—MAN’S BEST FRIEND.





 





The dairy cow, if able to express her-

self in a way which the human family

would comprehend, might well lay claim

to being man’s best friend. She might

establish such a claim by calling atten-

tion to the fact that from her product

and from her carcass man manufactures

more of the necessities of life than from

any other similar source. She furnishes

these necessities to him from infancy un-

til such a time as temporal things are

no longer associated with his existence,

and she does it ungrudgingly and con-

stantly.



In addition to contributing to man’s

necessity and his pleasure, the prosperity

of an agricultural community is more

closely identified with her than with any

other of the domestic animals. The horse

is quite essential in tilling the soil, but

where necessity requires it the sturdy

son of the cow can take his place, as

he has done in every agricultural sec-

tion on earth. The horse can only fur-

nish labor and can only return a profit

to his owner when conditions are right

for returning satisfactory grain crops.

It is a Well-known fact that the dairy cow

is the salvation of the farmer in times

of poor crops, as she is able to convert

the rough crops which are never a total

failure, into dairy products which always

have a cash value.



In addition to this, she furnishes skim

milk and buttermilk for the calves, pigs

and poultry, and fertility for the soil,

without which a. farm becomes less val-

uable each year and the whole country

less prosperous.



The elimniation of the dairy cow would

necessitate an almost revolutionary re-

adjustment of man’s tastes and require-

ments. It would mean untold suffering

and hardship. Of course she will not be

dispensed with, but her value can per-

haps best be appreciated by contemplating

such a loss.



She will continue to be man’s best friend

as long as the human family exists, and

will keep on supplying him with his

greatest needs just as she has done

through all the ages.





Minnesota. E. K. SLATER.





 





A SUCCESSFUL SMALL DAIRY.





 





In La Crosse county, Wisconsin, H. D.

Griswold is conducting a successful dairy

on a 60-acre farm. He keeps from 20 to

25 cows on this land, besides young stock,

hogs, sheep and horses to make the stock

the farm supports equal to about 50 head

of cows. The average returns from the

farm are $4,500 per year. He keeps one

man most of the season, one boy all the

time and another who attends school and

helps with the milking night and morn-

ing. He has two silos that hold about





200 tons of silage. He keeps pure-blood

stock and gets a good price for the calves

not kept for his own purposes. He de-

votes about a third of the farm to grow-

ing corn, ten acres to hay, and about the

same to oats, while the rest is in pas-

ture, garden and occupied by the build-

ings. He feeds ensllage in summer to

supplement pasture.





 





 





AUG. go, 1910.





Hold Him

To Facts ‘ '





Common cream separators contain 40 to 60

disks or other oontraptions simply because they

cannot. produce enough skimming force to do the

work without. them. The business of a. cream

separator is to produce skimming force. Lack of

skimming force is sufficient proof of improper

and out—of-date construction. Hold any agent. or

maker of common cream separators tothe above

facts if he claims that disk-filled or otherwise

complicated machines are modern. “Modern"

means greatest skimming force, fewest parts.

easiest to clean, greatest durability. Only





Sharples Dairy Tubular

Cream Separators





are m o d e r n .

Only Dairy Tub-

ulars c o n ta 1 n

neither d i ska

nor other con-

traptions. They

produce twice

t h e skimming

force. skim tast-

er. skim twice

as clean. wash

many times eas-

ier and w e a 1'

several t i m e s

l o n g e r t h a n

c o m m o n ma-

c h in e s. The

World’s B e st .-

World’s biggest

separator works.



Branch factories in

Canada 8: Germany.

Sales easily exceed

most, if not all. others

combined. Probably replace

more common separators than

any one maker of such ma-

chines sells.





 





 





 





 

 





PIBO ant-coca





L





Simple Dairy Tubu-

lar bowl comp-rod

to con-on bowls. ,





 





   

 

 





 

 





P' . . 8 0 Write for

,'$~' , ' Catalogue

‘ [”8 No. 152





THE SHARPLES SEPARATOR C0.

WEST CHESTER, PA.

Chicago 11]., San anolsoo, Cal., Portland. Ore.

orouto, Cam. Wlnnlpeg, 0.!!-





 





 





 





_

“THE WORLD’S STANDARD”





 





THE DE [AVAL SEPARAIORgCQ





l65-l81 BROADWAY. 42 I. MADISO 81'

NEW YORK. CHICAGO-





1





 





 





 





   

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 





Write for





FREE BOOK

. On Silage

Cutters





Send postal now for the states: book ever written

on the world-famous "Ohio" line of Blower Emma

Cutters. We want to show you the easiest way to

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There's a size and style “Ohio" to meet

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Silver Mfg. Co. » 72". f:

5‘1“" ' .m‘" 4 fijfifl.





* i OHIBNOW i ’ D





 





 





GET THESE BOOKS

It you also stock for‘



‘Ktofit. you ought to read

e latest edition of “Wh





pr

In silage feed ng. tells how

and when to cut. ives en-

dorsements of well now I:





we gumbo. With this bel in]

book we include our 1910 can oz.

ng and showing various

size- of our machines. Both books





 





 

 





not free on nest. Get them now.

'1'!!! 308. [OK IN. 00., .

Tummfit. Col“- 0-





 





Please mention the Michigan Il-‘omer who





 





 





you are writing to adv .





,_
2

.





g





 





 





 





«





 





Abe. 10,3910. ' "'





Please mention the ma Far-er who

you angrhito advertisers. ' ‘

“THE NAME TELLS A TRUE STORY."



Superior Grain Drills are used with suc-

cess, satisfaction and profit by the most

successful farmers in all parts of the

world where grain is grown. It matters

not where you live, what your seeding

00nditions are, what seeds you wish to

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Write today for a Superior catalogue to

The American Seeding—Machine Co., In-

corporated, Springfield, Ohio. Then go to

your retail implement dealer and insist

on- seeing the. Superior Drill. Take no

substitute.





Cut Down the Cost





of cultivating your land with an





 





 





° double



Impenal d... Harrow



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F" POULTRY ‘ %





LAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA





A PECULIAR AILMENT. ’





 





 





Can you tell me what is the trouble

with my chickens? The first to be noticed

is a very small milky spore on one eye

and this gradually grows until the eye

becomes inflamed and begins to swell

until it is very much enlarged and finally

breaks and becomes a running sore. The

first time we were troubled with this dis-

ease was tw-o years ago in. the fall when

we had one hen that we did not notice

until it was very bad. Thinking she had

perhaps injured her eye we kept her and

she recovered except that the eye was

entirely destroyed. Later the same broke

out in two or three young, almost full

grown, chickens; one we kept away from

the other chickens and it died and one did

not develop farther than the white spot,

and another which got worse we killed

and buried as we decided it was conta-

gious. This spring we had one or two

more affected and we killed them. This

one had got so it was a running sore be-

fore noticed. Now it is beginning to af-

fect my young poultry and if you can as-

sist me in any way in stamping out the

disease I will be very thankful. The

young chickens are in good health and

growing fine. The ones affected are about

two lbs. in weight. They do not droop

and there is no discharge from nostrils

and they eat well and their feathers are

smooth. When the spot first appears it

will close that eye a part of the time.

Only one eye is ever affected.



Wayne Co. SUBSCRIBER.



In reply to the enclosure relative to the

trouble with which Mrs. Corkins' chick-

ens are a‘fiiicted will say that I have no-

ticed similar complaints upon 'birds dur-

ing the fall and also early spring. The

trouble in the fall is very similar to what

she describes, and I believe that it is

caused largely by the fact that the birds

are in the moulting season at that time

and are apt to contract colds. This is

first manifested by the eyes watering.

The cause of the colds is due to the fact

that the birds are being more closely

housed than during the summer and have

not a. sufficient amount of ventilation. I

find that we are troubled in this manner

when we bring the pullcts from the range

into the houses, and it might also be

caused by the fact that the birds are

going through the moulting and are not

covered by a sufficient amount of





plumage.



For the eye trouble, I would recommend

the use of hydrogen peroxide in the eyes,

or a little less severe treatment is the use

of the following solution: Boracic acid.

4 per cent, water 36 per cent, glycerine 10

per cent, alcohol 50 per cent. If the bird

is treated with either of these remedies,

I do not think that she will be further

troubled.



Mich. Agl. £01.

A COMPARISON OF POULTRY WITH



HAY RAISING.





H. L. KEMPSTER.





 





 





During the past winter I was much

interested in listening to conversation be-

tween two men and a woman who came

into a grocery store where I was doing

a. little trading. One of the men and his

wife came in with an egg case containing

30 dozen eggs. The other man had come

to town with a load of hay to sell to the

same merchant who was buying the eggs.

They came into the store about the same

time and the merchant began to count up

what their produce amounted to. Eggs

were worth that day 330 per dozen. Thus.

the case of eggs sold for $9.90. These

were just the eggs this man and woman

had gotten in six days. This was an

average of five dozen a day. They said

they had been getting this amount for

several weeks, and they had more hens

that were just beginning to lay.



The man with the load of hay 'heard the

merchant and this other man talking

about the amount that the eggs came to.

He remarked that they brought more

money than his load of hay, which he

had pulled his team very hard to bring

there. The road was somewhat muddy

and he could pull only 15-bales. His balcs

averaged 100 lbs., and he was getting $10

per ton for the hay. Thus his load of hay

brought him $7.50. He seemed to be

greatly interested in the eggs, but brought

none with him to market.



I asked him about what amount of land

it took to produce this $7.50 worth of hay.

He said that his entire crop averaged

just about 15 bales to the acre: 15 bales

to the acre. or $7.50 per acre, the total

returns from his hay crop. What do you

suppose a man has left ,after he pays all

expenses of baling, etc., from raising 15

bales of hay to the acre. The hay must

be mowed, raked, hauled, stacked, and

baled, and then again hauled to the mar-

ket, if sold. Well, there is actually so





 





TllE’ 'MlBHIEllll FABMER, Detroit,





little left that I hate to figure it out. I





- THE ~MICI‘IIGAN FA’RMER.





‘with the hay.





then turned to the man and woman who

had the eggs and asked them 'how much

they thought was ‘clear profit. Well, they





‘ said they hardly knew how to figure it, as





they had not as yet fed their hens any-

thing but sorghum cane heads and some

wheat screenings. They said their hens

:had the use of about two acres of rye, and

they seemed to make good use of it. They

had about 100 hens in all; about 25 of

them, however, were just now beginning

to lay a little. I found that these 100

hens were being kept and fed at practi-

cally no cost. The cane heads Were pick-

ed up from their field of molasses cane.

and they thought the molasses paid them

well for the ground. They said they had

only about 1175 acres of cane and had

saved the heads from that. They bought

a few bushels of wheat screenings from

the miller, at a very low price, and were

using it in connection with the cane

heads.



I said I was much interested in hearing

these people talk, for I knew the man with

the load of hay had let nearly two acres

of this cane seed lay in the field, which

was now almost ruined. He said he had‘

a few hens but they did not lay to amount

to anything—about one or two each day.



There was quite a difference in the

opinions of the two men. The one with

the hay said he could not afford to feed

his hens anything that cost money, as

they did not lay at all, and it was just

a waste. The man and woman said they

would feed their hens all they «would eat

if they ‘had to buy it 'all and pay $2 per

bushel for it. There was the difference

in the judgment and management of the

two men, and when it came to paying for

their loads of produce it was easily seen

that there was Just as much difference in

the condition of the two men. The one

with the eggs carried off a. check for

$9.90, while the man with the load of hay

got “credit on his account” for it and

went in debt for more supplies. It ac-

tually made me feel sorry for the man

He had no doubt worked

harder for his ‘hay than the other had

for his eggs, and the one who got credit

on his account, while the other got a

check to put in the bank.



The merchant told me that the man

who brought the eggs never had to go in

debt for anything, but instead always took

some money back from him, while the

other was constantly in debt to him. He





 





worked hard and seemed to try to pay,

but never could get out. The other man

has only a small farm—I believe about 15

acres—raising his produce for family use

and some little fruit to sell, and has a

nice bank account, while the hay grower

has over 100 acres of land that ought to

be producing good crops but is not. It

is scarcely making a support for a small

family.



Now to the point I wish to impress up-

on the reader. 1 do not mean to say that

this is an average case, but this is a true

cusc and shows that there are yet men

Working and dl‘udging. trying to makc

cvcn a living on more acres than they can

handle, and letting their land become dc-

chted of its fertility, while there are men

and women working on from five to 20 and

30 acres, making a good living out of

poultry and fruits, and making it much

easier than the other man who is working

so hard for his 15 bales of hay to the

acrn.



Illinois. R. B. RUSHING.

ODD PARAGRAPHS.



I have hcns, hatched the last of August

last year, that were laying before Feb, 1,

but they had a yard of their own all

through the fall months, and when winter"

came thcy were given a section in the

cow stable where it was warm. 'l‘llcy

laid as wcll during the latter part of the

winter as did thc early pullcls, and I ex.

pect them to lay Six weeks later than the

others before moulting. The early pul-

lcts moult carly,



Be surc the hens have plenty of fresh

water. A good drinking fountain is casily

made by taking a tin can (thc quart size

is host), Inciting off one end so the edge

will be even, then filing three or four

notches about a half to three—quarters of

an inch deep. Fill this can with water,

cover it: with a small pic tin, invert

quickly and you have a perfect automatic

water fountain at no cost whatever, un-

less you count the tin. which would be

about five cents. For feeding floor I

prefer several smooth boards as they-are

so easily cleaned.





ANY PICNICS?

We will be glad to publish the dates

and place to be held of any picnlcs or





 





farmers' gather-Inge of any klnd, If those

Interested wlll let us know.





 

   





km 141





 





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WEST MICHIGAN





STATE FAIR





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Grand Rapids, Mich.





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II. II. KING. Ill‘l‘t‘dl‘l‘ & I‘lellhltur. \VIIIIH. DIIch.





 





WINICIJ' BRET) R. (‘. & S. ('. Rhode Island Red

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[(‘.OOI’ICRS 5‘. (‘. BROV‘VN leCGIIORNS “EGG-





LAY Elia“? get in your ordcr l'or curly (‘oclmrels $1.50

up. \‘V M. J. COOPER. Mt. Pleasant. Michigan.





I. h; M '

elensn PLYMOUTH nocl tails; bellies: 55:12?

15 for $1.00, 26 for $1.50, 50 for $2.50, 100 for $4.50.

(70].0N (‘. LILIJIC. Coopersvillc. Michigan,





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SllllilE 00MB WHITE LEGllOllll .3“§1l£‘25nii?i°£i‘§é‘fi

15 for $1.00. 26 for $1.50, 50 for $2.50, 100 for $4.50.

COLON C. LILLIE, Coopersvllle. Michigan.





BROWN LEGHORNS~Tlmnks to my pntrons for past

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eggs for hatching from

w IIO “yaHdOIIe select breeding pens: $1.00

for 15. $1.50 for ‘26. $2.50 for 50 an $4.- per 1(1).

COLON C. LILLIE. Coopersvllle. Michigan.





 





 





DOGS.





YOU WRITE W. J. ROSS. Rochester. _Michiga.n.

for those beautiful sable and white Collie Puppies.

of the finest breeding. and from stock workers.





 





ALWAYS mention the MICHIGAN FARM!!!

when you are writing to advertisers.
' 142 (18).





HcfiTICULTUREi





TO BOOST MICHIGAN.





 





 





 





Level-headed men have li‘.tle the for

persons who are blind to the interests of

others, and especially for him who de-

clares his to be the only genuine. Such

declarations bear their absurdity on their

face. On the other hand, good men have

pity for the individual who is not_ aware

of the value of his goods. His ignorance

makes possible a harvest for unprincipled

persons who do not hesitate to take ad-

vantage of honest men. Both these ex-

tremes should be avoided. We do not

Wish to exaggerate, to tell more than we

can show; nor do we care to be robbed

of attention because of modesty, or lack

of knowledge of the advantages and con-

ditions in which we have been placed.



A move is on to lay the products of

Michigan’s orchards beside those from

other states so that men can compare

and understand, not from the printed

page, or from the words of men but from

the fruit itself just what our state can

grow. That is fair to ourselves and it is

fair to other states. The experience at

the apple show in Chicago last year was

fair. Many of the western states that

have been in the habit of getting all the

praise of the big shows did not appear to

like it as well as they might, but when

the goods are shown side by side and

Michigan gets the plum, it is no fraud-a

she gets it because her goods merit the

attention.



The eastern states are the great source

of immigrants who are filling the west.

Men “down east" are studying the map to

know where to go. Many of these men

wish to grow fruit. If Michigan can give

them as good and possibly better loca-

tions than can be furnished in the far

west for less money, we neglect our duty

toward our state by not telling thcse peo-

ple of Michigan‘s advantages. The move

above referred to seeks to do this. Fruit

from Michigan will be put upon exhibition

at the eastern state fairs during the fair

season this fall. Some of our readers

will be called upon to furnish exhibits

for this "display. For the Chicago fair last

year the call was responded to nobly, ac-

cording to information given the writer.

The growers and the buyers had the right

spirit. They wanted to show Michigan

“up” as she is; and the exhibitors were

surprised themselves at the splendid

showing which the state made; and the

western men were taken off their feet

when they saw beside their artificially

grown high-priced fruit produced upon

$500 and more per acre lands the crop

of Michigan’s orchards—high colored,

large, crisp specimens whose flavor was

the feature by which the judges told

whether they had grown in Michigan or

the valleys of the west. And the Mich-

igan crop of last year was picked up in

a few days. It. was such apples as her

growers are placing upon the market,

while. in the west professional men, who

are out to influence men to buy land

there, were using every artifice of the

husbandman and of science to get the

very best specimens to show the people.

The reason for their astonishment is,

therefore, the greater. Hence, we wish

to urge upon Michigan growers who are

hoping to provide fruit for the displays

at eastern fairs, to show their best, that

they might be compared with the best

from other points. That is fair to them

and it is fair to us. Second grade fruit

would be unfair to both. Do what you

can to aid nature in perfecting her pro-

ducts. Do what you can to boost Mich-

igan. Do what you can to help the hard-

working, honest man from the east to get

a good home for himself and family.





 





SOME GARDEN NOTES.





 





After six weeks or more of almost in—

tolerable heat and scorching sunshine,

the drouth seems to have broken. Plentio

ful rains have fallen on every side. and

it has kept us guessing as to what sort

of people we are, belonging seemingly

neither to the just or unjust. Well, the

showers are coming now and while not

excessive they are a thousand times wel—

come. This will not lighten the cultural

work, for, while it was our salvation

during the dry weather we sorely need

every drop that falls as yet, and con—

tinued 'hoeing and cultivating are the

only means of saving it. .



The stink bugs are still in evidence

upon the pumpkin vines, and as yet I

have not found the ashes and turpentine

of much value. While their usual habit





   





u





Is to work near the bill, if they find

that part doped they go out still further

and ‘puréue their nefarious calling just

th_e same. So I keep hunting and killing

and am as yet' saving most of my vines.

But they have to be closely watched, for

the bugs will soon but even a large,

thrifty vine out of commission, and after

being stung they seem to never fully

rally from it. .



For a wonder I have not as yet seen

a trace of the striped beetles, and my

cucumber vines are doing finely. How

long this blessed experience will last is,

of course, preblematical, but one thing

is certain, no cards of invitation have

been sent out and my earnest wish is

that they will slight me altogether.



Wayne Co. J. E. MORSE.





 





CROWDING THE CABBAGE CROP.





 





Cabbage is counted as one of the hard-

ier garden crops. It requires a cool moist

soil generally, yet it is so general in its

wants that the plants are almost univer-

sally grown. But no plant responds more

noblyv to good cultivation. When we‘ll

tilled it will pass through the hardest

droughts and produce large, solid heads;

and it will also decline at the least care-

lessness of the gardener.



To secure the best grade of cabbage it

requires to be kept growing steadily and





 





Thorough Culture for Cabbage.





rapidly from the time of transplanting.

Any check due to a lack of plant food

or a shortage in the supply of water, or

unfavorable weather, affects the quality.

It destroys that delicate crispness of the

leaves, giving a leathery texture instead.

And where we are producing for our own

table quality should be sought.



The prime essential in the steady de-

velopment of the plant is constant cul-

tivation. At this season when the late

cabbages are putting in their best time

growing, the farmer is easily tempted to

neglect the garden, for much of the area

is about to be or has been harvested.

'l‘he cabbages are allowed to do for them-

selves, taking matters as they come and

the regular program is that matters do

not come good, But cultivation will over—

come the evil effects of the drought; it

will supply plant food and give the nec-

cssary vigor to amend the attacks of in-

sects and other pests that prey upon the

plants. Thorough culture is the hope of

the person who wants his sauerkraut bar-

rel filled with the best, and it is the ‘hope

of him who desires the greatest returns

from the market.





 





FRUIT NOTES.





 





The web worm has been more bother-

some than usual this season. Usually we

do not need to bother with them much

until the August sprayingmwhen we go

over the young trees also to keep the

summer and autumn worms in check.

This year we have had to go over the

young trees a couple of times in July and

strip off the worms. About the easiest

way to get them is to strip off the leaves

upon which the worms are feeding, car-

rying them in a basket until ready to

burn. Burning them on the tree with a

torch may do more damage than the

worms would and would require more

time and not be as effective. Spraying

will largely prevent them if done shortly

before the worms hatch, but it is hard to

get at the foliage the worms are eating

on account of the 'web if the spraying is

not done until the web is formed. As yet





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





 





 





I have not noticed the Tussock moth or

the Red Humped apple worm which usu-

ally work on the small trees in August.

Last year the grasshoppers did consid-

erable damage to young trees in sod by

eating the foliage. As yet they have not

bothered us this year, but there is ample

time yet.



The blackberry crop is proving as much

of a. failure as the other small fruit this

season. This is the first year that I can

remember on which the strawberry, rasp-

berry, and blackberry crops were all cut

short by a drouth. But, after all, a few

failures are needed to make us appreciate

successes. We can console ourselves with

the thought that the harvest expenses of

the crops are light, and the crop will not

draw heavily on the fertility of the land.

It is said that every cloud has a silver

lining, and we should try to see it even

if the view is a little far fetched.



Our strawberries are nearly layered.

This is slow, dusty work, crawling along

the ground which has been so dry, to

lay the runners in place, then, too, the

soil being so dry and light does not hold

the runner as moist soil would and it

takes more time to do the 'work under

these conditions. We are anxious to get

through before a. rain, however, for the

rain will wash the fine soil abOut the

roots which are forming on the runner

plants and they will get quite a start

over those which are not put down until

after a. rain. The plants are having a

hard time getting started this seaSOn

anyway, and we wish to help them.



Now is the time to secure the marsh

hay for the strawberry beds. We hope to

get ours cut as soon as the August spray-

ing is completed. It makes little differ-

ence if it does get a little “over ripe" as

we are not looking for the nutriment in it

or the water, but want all the bulk we

can get for the mulch and not have it too

heavy to handle.





Calhoun Co. S. B. HARTMAN.





THE APPLE CROP.





 





 





In looking over our orchards the past

week, we find the outlook for a. partial

crop of apples mere favorable than ap-

pearance would indicate earlier. While

there is by no means a full crop, there

are some trees with dense foliage where

the fruit is showing up better where

scarcely none could be seen earlier in

the season; for instance, the Red Astrack-

lhan showed no signs of fruit to one

glancing at the tree at the time of the

last spraying, yet it bears a. good half

crop. Spy trees are showing up better

than their early appearance would indi-

cate, which is usually the case, as this

variety bears much of its fruit well scat-

tered through the tree, and so much of it

is hidden by the foliage. I think the Spy

trees on the whole will average a half

crop. Among the varieties which are

bearing full are Tallman Sweet, Wealthy,

\Vagner, Transparent, Duchess, fall and

winter Pippin. Ben Davis has a fair

crop, Snow, Stark and Maiden’s Blush

light crops. Baldwin and Greening are

variable, some trees being barren, some

partially so, and some having a third to

a half crop. Russett and Winter Rambo

are almost a failure.



As much variation is found between

orchards as between varieties in the same

orchard. One orchard has practically a

full crop, with the exception of a very

few varieties, while another orchard a

little over a mile from it, which has re-

ceived the same or even better treatment,

has about a. third of a crop, while another

orchard eight miles distant has almost

nothing. This is true of the same varie-

tics.



We have been interested in noting the

appearance of the fruit sprayed with lime

sulphur as a summer spray. While scab

seems to be pretty well controlled, there

is some russeting and injury due to the

spray on most of the varieties suscep-

tible to Bordeaux injury. The Depart-

ment of Agriculture has led us to believe

that lime—sulphur as a summer spray

will not cause this injury, and we ‘have

presumed that their experiments had

gone far enough to make sure of this

statement. However, we have found that

a strength slightly weaker than they rec-

ommend has russeted certain varieties,

though on the whole this injury is not

serious.



If the crop reports can be relied upon

there will ‘be a lighter crop of apples

than on last year throughout the country,

so the price should be satisfactory for

good fruit. If we give our fruit the Au-

gust spray and thin it well, we should be

able to do considerable dictating to the

buyers, or to handle our fruit direct on

commission at satisfactory prices.



S. B. H.





 

 





ET your potatoes from.

the hill, and transfer

them to the barrel, wagon

or bin with the '





TRUE TEMPER

VEGETABLE

S COO P-FO RK





Don't bruise and cut them

with the ordinary sharp-

tinecl fork or hoe.





 

 





The Most Useful

ForkYou CanOwn





There is always some new use

for the Vegetable Scoop F ork

on every farm. Beets, com, -

tatocs, ap lo; and many other

fruits an vegetables can be

handled in bulk with speed and





economy.





The blunt, flattened-ends of

the tines revent injury; perfect

shape an hang enable you to

carry a large load with an easy

swmg.



Sold by all hardware dealers





American Fork & Hoe Co.

'l'illlllllllpi’tlltfiri-





"W mm"

l





 

   





 

   

   

 

   





 

   

 





         

 





Cleveland





 





it





 





"II"





in





llllllllllllllllll





   





 





EMPIRE STATE





P CIDER &.VIIIIE 8

Hand and Power,



' Illustrated and described In our



catalog—Is the beat money can buy. They are Big





Money Makers. Catalog free. Manufactured by

The G. J. EMENY CO... Fulton. N. Y.





 





 





HARVESTER wIth Binder Attachment

can" cutl and thrown In plies on harvester or



wlnrow. Man and horse cuts and evual

equal with a corn binder. Sold In every state. Price

$20 with Binder Attachment. B. C. Montgomery, of

Texnllne' 'l‘ex.. Wl'Ites:——“ The hex-vector has provon

all you claim for It. With the gallstone. of one man out and

bound over 100 com 0! Corn, Kafflr Coin and Maize lut your."

Testimonial: and catalog free. showing picture of

harvester. New Proceso Mfu. Co.. Sallnu. Kan.





“$3"'WinterWheat





Acro



The New Mnlnkofl; The Great Russlnn Winter



heat. Improved and Introduced by us six years

ago: has made the most remarkable record for large

yields. certain crop and quallty in the annals of

Amer-Icon wheat growing. We also grow the Kar-

kol’, Turkish Bed and Fultz varieties; Mammoth

Whlto B c. all Strictly Northern Grown. Samples

of Any wo varieties with Catalog’ Free. For od-

dltionol samples of Wheat, Rye. Alfalfa, Clovers.

Greases or other seeds enclose lc. In stamps for

each to pay postage.





 





 





RATEKIN’S SEED HOUSE. Shenandoah. Ia.



FULTZ—best millln



variety. hardiest an

surest cropper, (i Y P S Y

~highest average yield

for 12 years It Ohio'

Experimental F n r III.

also Poole Mammoth

WHITE RYE, New Crop





TIMOTHY seed. All these seeds absolutely

true to name, pure, clean, graded and in per-

fect condition for sowing. Booklet, prices.



0.0. SHEPARD 00., Box, 70, Modlnn, Ohlo.





RED WAVE





THE GREATEST WINTER WHEAT.





Buy seed direct. and be sure of choice, clean, pure seed.

true to name, free from foul seeds. horoughly re-

cleaned and graded. Satisfaction guaranteed or money

back. All leading sorts. rite today for price list

No. 18. Maplewood Seed Wheat. Farms, Allegan, Mich‘





SEED WHEAT.





MEALY. a bald red variety, atifi straw, s lendid for

rich land. GOEN. a bearded red variety. only. good

yielder, well adapted to a variety of soils. Price

$1.25 per bu.. sacks included.



COLON C. LILLIE. Cooperaville. Michigan.’





 





 





 





ONES LONGBERRY WH EAT—Pure. clean seed

$1.% per bushel. Stark A be. to hold 2% bush-

els 250. J. W. OHAPIN. Eden. Tngham 00.. Mich.





Peach & Car-





Aprle 8: Cherry Trees flap”... 5.. a. up.





 





 





. got. free. ERNST NURBER





or Fruit. Trees and Berry lantfiat lowegt Ill-£00.22

3&3, oscow. ., x





 

 

 

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   





 





J+ ’ +4' J

... turd-Jae."
+4 r





_+~ -

«. Y‘a’w—éwm’ .





 





 





 





a





._‘_





AUG. 20, 1910. _ ’





 





 





VVYY‘;YVY;VT‘iwr'VYmY-Yfivv

i , . - ‘ ‘





 





 





'A‘AAAHAAAAAA'AAAAAAAA AAA‘M’





Address all. communications relative to





the organization of new clubs to Mrs. C.





P. Johnson, Metamora, Mich.





Anoclatlonal Motto.—

The skillful hand, with cultured mind,

is the farmer's most valuable asset.





 





 





ANNUAL PICNICS.





 





The annual basket picnic of the Green

Oak and Brighton Farmers’ Clubs will be

held at Island Lake on Saturday, Aug.

20. A good program has been arranged.

Mr. Beal, of Ann Arbor, is expected to

make an address.





THE VIEWING COMMITTEE IN CLUB

WORK.





 





 





One feature of Club work which is neg-

lected in the average Club is the appoint—

ment of a viewing committee to look

over the farm of the host and make a

report at the meeting. As has been noted

in a previous issue this may be due to

the natural hesitancy on the part of such

a committee to criticize where criticism

is needed. This phase of the work was

previously touched upon, so this comment

will be limited to the consideration of the

work which such a committee can ac~





complish outsde of the factor of criticism.-





Unquestionably there are features about

the management of the average farm

which differ from the methods in common

use in any community which could be

brought to the attention of any Club

membership to the mutual advantage of

all present at any meeting. In the sum.

mer season these might relate to the

methods employed in the culture of any

crop grown as a specialty on the farm of

the host. Where a man makes a spec-

ialty of the production of any crop he is

apt to put a little more gray matter into

the proposition than where this crop is

not made a large factor in the scheme of

farming carried“ out. In this case there

will always be points which have made

for Q better yield or helped to cheapen

the st of production which it would be

to th advantage of the membership in

genera 0 know, ,‘eVen though the crop in

question is not made a specialty by them.

Then there ‘is the method of handling the

farm live stock and the revenue which is

der‘l‘Ved from this department of the

farm, which are important factors in the

successfmrpianagement of any farmand

which can be made the subject of inquiry

by such a committee with profit to all

concerned. The rations fed and the meth-

of compounding and feeding them will be

helpful subjects of inquiry during the

winter season, when all are interested in

this phase of agriculture. Likewise the

equipment used about the barns and sta-

bles and the methods and means taken

for reducing the labor involvedin the

care of the stock to a minimum can be

taken up. In fact, there is plenty of scope

for the profitable work of a committee of

this kind in any Club. The functions of

the Farmers' Club are many, but the

dissemination of practical knowledge along

the line of business in which the members

are all engaged is one of its important

functions, and it is only by living up to

their opportunities in this direction that

the membership can get the greatest good

fnom the organization. The social side

should not, of course, ‘be neglected, but

no more should the practical side of Club

work, and the viewing committee is an

important means to the end of getting

the greatest possible amount of practical

benefit from the local organization.





EXPERIMENTAL WORK FOR THE

FARMERS’ CLUB.





 





In these days, when science is being

applied to agriculture as never before,

much experimenting is necessary in order

to keep up with “the procession” in the

application of new theories and the adap-

tation of new crops to our local condi-

tions. True, we have experimental sta-

tions, which are doing a great work in

this direction, and disseminating a. vast

amount of general information to the

farmers of the state and nation. But our

soils have an “individuality” all their

owu, and what may be true as a principle

may fall in application in individual cases,

hence the only way to be sure with regard

to a given crop or fertilizer or method is

to put the problem right up to the soil

itself and ‘get the reply from it first hand.

But this is an expensive procedure for

the individual, and‘ the fact that conditions

are likely to be fairly similar in any com-





 





   





munity makes the Fameu'- club a good

unit for co-opera‘tive experimentation

by its members. But, one may ask, what

could be accomplished in this direction?

The members of the Club know what oth—

ers are doing, and "how much of a success

they have had with new theories. Per-

haps this is true to a certain extent, but

there are a great many things which the

members of any Farmers’ Club ought to

know more definitely than they do at

present and which they could find out far

more cheaply if they went at it syste-

matically and in co-operation with each

other than they can learn them for them-

selves individually. Take, for example,

the growing of alfalfa. 'All who have

given the subject any attention are ready

to admit that alfalfa is a very valuable

forage crop, and that it would add many

dollars to the per acre valuation of the

average Michigan farm if it could be suc-

cessfully included in the variety of crops

grown on those farms. We know that it

is 'being successfully grown on a variety

of soils and in widely separated localities

in the state. We know that in other 10-

calities and on other soils efforts to grow

it have not been crowned with success.

We also know some of the factors which

make for success or failure in its culture.

'But we have much to learn about the





 





iii-TE MICHIGAN ., FARMER





 





 





 





nggANGE





.-'-..,





 





Our Motto—“The Farmer is of more

consequence than the farm, and should be

first improved."





THE SEPTEMBER PROGRAMS.





Suggestions for First Meeting.

“Give me the making of a nation’s

songs and I care not who makes its laws."

Roll call, responded to by each member

telling an anecdote about his birthplace.





Book review of “A Man Without a

Country."



Dr. W. J Beal and his work at M. A.

C.——a paper.



Select reading, “Who Cries Hard

Times?"



Cement farm improvements, paper or

talk.





Recitation (pathetic or humorous).

Drawing contest, as a surprise feature.

Singing “America" by audience.

'Dialect songs throughout this program.





 





GRANGE Flex—Ft—T'ICIPATIBN IN LOCAL

AND COUNTY FAms.





The manner in which the Granges of

Lenawee county and _the county fair as-

sociation have co—operated in providing

for the fair ,3. most attractive feature——

the Grange building and its contents—

has previously been commented on in





 





 





 





Ogden Grange Exhibit which Won Second Price at Lenawee County Fair of 1909.





successful culture of alfalfa on our Mich-

igan farms. What better opportunity

could we have for its study in a co—op-

erative way than through the medium of

the Farmers' Club. By making this one

of the local questions for discussion dur-

ing the Winter, and by making it a mat-

ter for general experiment among the

members during the season following.

very much can be learned about the prop-

er methods of culture which will be of

benefit to all who desire to try this crop

on a' larger scale, as every farmer could

do with profit to himself just as soon as

the factors necessary to its successful

culture in his locality and under his con-

ditions are determined. What is true of

this crop is also true with other crops and

varieties of crops. It is also true with

regard to the profitable use of artificial

fertilizers, of which we know too little

except in a general way. In fact, there

are dozens of directions in which such

experimentation and discussions could be

profitably directed to the mutual advan-

tage of the membership if a little work

of this kind were attempted in the local

Farmers‘ Club. Try it out during the

coming year, for your own benefit and for

the benefit of the other Clubs in the state.

They will not be slow to profit by ex-

amples of this kind. The power of ex-

ample is great, but someone has to take

the initiative in work of this kind or there

are no examples for others to follow.





this department. The fair association has

provided a commodious structure in a

prominent location and the Pomona.

Grange assumes the responsibility of hav-

ing each of the seven spacious booths

occupied by an attractive exhibit, the lib-

eral cash prizes offered being so distrib-

uted that no Grange will fail to secure a

premium. This year the highest prize is

$50 and the lowest $35. The building is

an octagon and the eighth booth is fitted

up by the Pomona for use as Grange

headquarters during the fair. The Po-

mona has asked the following subordinate

Granges to occuply the booth at this sea-

son’s fair: North Rome, Tecumseh, Raisin

Valley, Palmyra, Cadmus, Raisin and

Ousted. The whole plan is one which

should commend itself to Patrons in other

counties and to wide-awake fair associa-

tions over the state.





 





OCEANA CENTER GRANGE DEDI-

CATES HALL.





 





Friday, July 22, was a great day in the

history of Oceana Center Grange, their

splendid two-story hall having been com-

pleted and paid for, Patrons and friends

repaired thither and proceeded to dedicate

it in accordance with the custom of the

order.



Several of the Gran-ges of the county

were represented at t‘he meeting. The

Blooming Valley Grange choir furnished





(19) 143





the music, State Master N, P. Hull was

there and performed his part in the cere~

mony in a very impressive manner. Af-

ter the dedication Bro. Hull delivered a

strong Grange address. The Grange leg-

islative program is his throughout. He

neither dodges nor shrinks at any point.

He stands for the tonnage tax, for good

roads, for postal savings banks, the par-

cels post and that sort of dairy legislation

that will secure to the public a clean.

wholesome product rightly named and

honestly sold. He says he does not know

whether the specific rate of tax proposed

by the State Grange upon iron and cop-

per ores is right or not. What he does

believe is, that the mines of the Upper

Peninsula, should bear their just share of

the public burden. This he is sure they

are not doing at present and when public

sentiment shall have reached a point

where a specific tax is strongly demand-

ed and reasonably certain to become a.

fact, the experts will come forward and

help frame a law that will be fair to all

COIlCet‘llS.



Blooming Valley Grange has a hall in

process of building and some time in the

not distant future we hope for a like

meeting with them.



The best of feeling prevailed throughout"

the day.



W. F. TAYLOR.





GRANGE LIFE SHOWS

COUNTY.



A little while ago we visited the Otsego

County Pomona Grange and while there

arranged for a series of meetings with

the subordinate Granges. We planned our

meetings for the last week in July, think-

ing that haying and harvest would be

over by that time, and people would be

able to give their attctnion to these spec-

ial efforts. that part of the state had been

suffering from tIl‘OlllIl through the month

of June, but timely rains in July greatly

helped the corn and potatoes, protracted

the haying and harvest and partly saved

the out crop, so when we arrived at El-'

mira, on Tuesday, July 26, we found cv-

crybody busy. The people turned out

well, however, and we had a splendid

meeting in the evening.



At Hayes Grange we were warmly wel-

comed on the 27th, and held one of the

plcasantcst meetings of the series. A

good local program had been prepared

and all the numbers were u'cll remlercd.

Five Lakes Grange convencd at Gaylord

on the evening of the 28th, and we had

an enjoyable time.



Bro. Hudson, the county deputy, is a

membcr of this Grange.



Fairvicw Grange is lovnted a few miles

east of Gaylord and meets in a school-

house. Our mcctiug thcrc on Friday eve—

ning, July 29, we shall not soon forget. A.

good local program, plenty of inspiring

music, with gcncral good will, and ice

cream that has never been excelled in

quality and seldom in quantity.



The trip to Johannesburg on Saturday

we enjoyed thoroughly. Here is some of

thc bcst soil in the state. This section

has for the most part escaped the drouth

and all crops are abundant.



North and wcst of Johanncsburg we

rode through a tract of timber, miles in

extent. It is one of the finest forests in

lower Michigan. On Monday, August 1.

we visited Vanderbilt Grange and on

Tuesday we met the Pomona in a special

meeting with Lake View Grange four

miles northwest of Gaylord. This meet-

ing was a round-up of the week’s work

in the county.



It was a Very busy time and those who

attended found it difficult to leave home,

but they came gladly and did their best

to make the mccting a success. Seldom

in all our experience in this line of work

attended a more profitable





IN OTSEGO





 





have we

meeting. _



There are splendid opportunities in

store for the Granges of Otsego county.

The personnel of the membership is

very good. Grange fire insurance is popu-

lar in this county and there is consider-

able of cyclone insurance also. Co-oper-

ative buying is limited, at present, mainly

to binding twine and Paris green. The

latter is in great demand, as potatoes are

the principal money crop. The last three

seasons have been unusually dry. Many

have gotten discouraged and a few have

abandoned their farms and gone to the

Canadian Northwest. But there is a

future in store for Otsego county.



The school, the Grange and the church

are all planted here to stay and most of

the privileges of the present day, includ-

ing the rural telephone, and free rural

mail delivery, are enjoyed already by the

residents of the county.



W. F. TAYLOR.
t’

‘I





Ir





 





Will You Sow Clover iii

Your Wheat Next Spring?





If so, prepare for it now. If there is not

enough available plant food for both, the wheat

gets the best of it and the starved cloverdies





times as much Potash as wheat. Hence a

fertilizer for wlzeal, rye or wing/er oafs, to be

followed by clover, must. be high in Potash

as well as phosphate. If your brand does not

_ ~ ‘ - ‘ carry 8 per cent. of Potash, buy some muriate

’ AW“; 7§\_‘{?‘»\\:~ ' 0f potash and bring it up.





 





, .i,u!z“,. J. -

’ . ' f i . l‘“'.‘- I

l "C*‘;”(‘i/I‘,'I/i'gi/;lll‘ ‘3"l&x\‘,;i\ . You or your dealer can buy it

I‘L///;;/~'v"i%”/>Z/‘/z ,9 Filipino from us in cal-load or ton lots

, ,. , «,4 <- -’\"J°.





‘ Write for prices, and also for our new free pamphlet

on Fall Fertilizers, which will show you how to make

. over the old brand or to mix a better one at home for

(V‘s: 1 less money.





GERMAN KALI WORKS, Continental Bldg.,Baltimore.Md.





/.i-:v/‘/////[” "I!



z '- .3\ “<3: ,/ i ‘ ’ 



. ‘ii/afl/Wlillw’i’éa



i SSSi‘iw/lgLflé/besqe 3?.



w7§fiu 7' /

I.’//—é_ ~./





I in»





 





/





 





~





‘ THE AMERICAN





BEAN AND PEA innEsnEn





 





Threshes Peas and Beans

just as they are taken from

the field, and separates the

grain perfectly without

splitting a kernel. Shreds

the vines and does a clean—

er job than can be done by

hand. \Vill pay for itself

in a short time in the

labor and crop it saves.

Capacity, 15 bushels per hour.





Satisfaction or Money Back





Send for full description ofinachine and what it is guaranteed to do,

and we will tell you about our liberal 30—day free trial proposition.





AMERICAN GRAIN SEPARATOR 00.,

Huron and Erie Streets, 5. E. Minneapolis, Minn.





   





 





i-iét iiiiéfiiGAN FARMER.





OTASH





during the summer. Clover requires three ’1





 

 

 





   





D . cu CARRYwat 'r. Pu“

amethe old; e.IIi-__. ,o





5* B if





 





 





 





 





 





are best for every purpose, and of the scores of difl'erent styles made, there’s one

that will deliver the water from the well to any convenient place in house, ‘

farm yard or stable at a great saving of your time and strength. ‘





Goulds Pumps are simple and practical in construction and most durable. They "

c'ost_no more than others and save you money in the long run. because one will last a

lifetime With small expense for upkeep. »





Send for our illustrated book. “WATFJt SUPPLY FOR THE HOME.”

It covers the whole subject. .lt'e free. Get it now and study your cue. 4

Beware of cheap imitations. Get a reliable Goulds Pump, the best made. $3 to $300.





THE GOULDS MANUFACTURING C0., No. 86 West Fall Street, Seneca Falls, N. Y.





 





 





$10 a Day-' ;

~V » Get the .

‘ “TONS TELL” "





   





Two-Horse ’-

Full-Circle





Press I! | I





Our new book, “TONS TELL." is not only a complete catalog of Sandwich Hay

Presses. but an eye-opener as to the Profits to be made in running a Hay Baler.





You can run a Hay Press profitably Fall and Winter. There’s always work for a

Baler and big money every day you run it. '





Great Capacity of SANDWICH Presses





Sandwich Presses bale 2 to 4 more tons perday than others—with no more help and

power. In capacity. economy in operation. perfect bales. convenience. simplicity and.

durability, they are absolutely unrivaled. See "TONS TELL” Book for proofs.





Write for Great Free‘Book, “TQNS’JELI.”





Everythingtnllv enfilfiined"fff‘tliio-

book. All about the design. construction

operation of Sandwich Horse Power and Belt

Power Presses—“Wood and Steel 'Constggetion

—all sizes. Capacity of each press gu . teed.



It you own a gasoline engine—6 H. . or lar-

ger—a Belt Power Press Will prove a bonanza.



The information contained in this book may

be worth hundreds of dollars to you. 9'



We sell Presses on Partial Payments. Send

today. ~ 3





SANDWICH MFG. CdMPANY

V Sondfilgh. III.





   

   

 





 

   

   





 

 





 





 

   

   

   





 





‘xz. .,

i ‘ -‘§/ ‘ ‘.





Belt Power Frees

Capacity. 2% to 5 tons per hour. It you own

a gasoline engine. this is theprese for you. 2 7 3 MIIII Street





   





   





   

 





 





 





 





SAVE YOUR CLOVER SEED.





You can make Irorn $2 to $3 more off of every acre of seed clover or alfalfa by using a





SIDE DELIVERY GLUVEH BUNGHEH and HAY WINDROWEH.





Attach one of these machines to your mowing illachine and lump]. (,1.

windrow your hay just as you cut it, no need of dragging it over the

ground with a rake thus threshing out the seed and knocking olf the

leaves. In some cases where the clover is over ripe as high as 50% of





the seed is lost in raking and handling.

REMEMBER THIS





The Side Delivery Buncher is guar-

anteed to save its cost every day it

i4 used either in cutting clove‘ and

alfalfa for seed or for hay, or for har—

vesting peas, veteh, flax, etc. These

machines have been on the inarketfor

8 years and 52,086 have been sold.

Write us for our free book and see what farmers all over the country have to say about them.





3:.“:.’.:::.““" THE THORIIBURGII MFG. 00., Bowling Green.0hio.





 





Keep It; Off The Cows

Put It On The Fields





 

 

 





No matter how hard you try you can't make an old stable with dirt floor-

nnd wood partitions sanitary—you can't keep it clean and sweet. Wood parti-

tions gather dust and disease germs. Dirt floors with their trumped-in filth

should never come within it stone's throw of your milk pail, When a cow gets at?

her food and her milk yield falls below normal. look to your stable. It may be

as clean as you can make it; but that may not be clean enough. Equip your stable!





The London“.y





then profits will not fall off. The cow that is best treated gives the most

milk—the best milk-the richest milk. She has a heap of cow sense. She

appreciates light and air. and she will see that you got your money back

for making her home modern. It you will put a Loudon thter

carrlor to work behind her. your boys or your man will clean the

burns 'in less time and with lesl labor. We have been fitting up barns

for 5’10 years. We will be glad to give you the benefit of this experience by

IllL’zesting what you need for yours. without. any expense to you. Send for

catalog, tell number of cows you have and submit rough sketch 0f stable.





LOUDEN MACHINERY COMPANY. 603 Broadway, Pair-field, Iowa.





 





 





I





ROLLER-BEARIN G ~

LIGHT DRAFT





SUCCESS SPREADER





The only spreader with a 32—year record of good work. Simplicity, Durability

and Light Draft always foremost. Direct Chain Drive. No Cog Gears. The

choice of men who investigate thoroughly._ Wood or metal wheels. ‘A generation

of experience back of every Success. The leader from the first. Exclusive features

all patented. Catalog of facts Free. .‘Write us promptly.





Kemp & Burpee Mfg. Co. “in???“





 





‘f MID-SEASON SPECIAL!

W new 1911 Model Buggy





Right in mid-seasonuright when you want it

most—saving you twice the dealer’s profit, we offer

, this advance 1911 model.





Murray pays the! freight





This is a genuine o portunity for quick buyers.

Murray sells on our weeks road trial.

. Insures safe delivery. Gives twayzar’sg’uarantoe.





 

 

 

 





, LL"; '; ", "In"





 

 





 

 





   

 





Arranges construction to your order. iy :1 i in" ‘

, This is a s ecial offer—not in our catalog: To get “ ‘4» fl pi»? '0



full details, e sure to ask for our 5 email . ‘k 4 t“ - ’ .



Mid-Summer circular. Send postal or it today. ”‘ . ‘~ ‘





‘ no Willie ll. iinmy mi, (20.. 332-333 E. sui St, Cincinnati, 0.





 





 





   

 

 

 

 





Simple. strong. always in order. Worksfinzall

soils. all depths, hillside and level. No cutting

and none missed. Potatoes always clean. lying-

on tOp of ground. ' Works well in heavy tops.

DOWDEN MFG. COMPANY . _

I073 Elm Street. Pralrle Blty,‘ Ia.‘. II. 8.!-





...





El. E0 Tn ' 0 THE LARGEST AND-BEST LINE F I

5.... m... WELL DRILL! '6.



for your wagon. Use your old film ~



new. Send for onto o of solid



that cannot swell. far apart or rot. see our new Illustrat otalogu





Hoke In new wagon out ofyour old

one. Write for the book now to for 1 t now. It is FR E.





 





“if; P°*“*?..2'.?.i.°" Dowden





ulna gears—our steel wh'eels will fit ~ ' ’efléa; .We.

a... and m... m .. ...... MACH I N ERY- 2.11.9.9...“ m...

A metal wheels (sizes to at axles) ing it for over 20 years. Do. 1193 hub? until you



' d e-Norltw Send.





uremic mm. co. was. Omenlu. Austin HIIIIIIOOIIII'III‘ 00-; chloago: