M \ ..\ /\ AIUmmmfirm”H'HlIHHHHII'HHIHIHIHHEIH!IIIHIll”INHTHHHIll"IIIINImllllIUHIIIIQIHHHHIll!ilHHIUHH‘IEIIII!HHillI“HIllllmmmllllllIlHlHUUH“!!!lH'llIfllHIlllmlIHIHIHIIIHIIHIIIHN mmmummnumlHummus"nnmmmummmmmu“I lHIIIIHIHHIHIIMIIIINN/[71"!- / W. ‘ _ All|lHIIMEIIHHINEMHHH NHIHI’MIHIHIIllIl311h!It'll“llllIIHHIIIHIHI“3l’l9|Hfill”ill”IHIHIIHHHHHIIIIllli0lIH1iIIHIlI!”“HUIllllllliliIIIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIIINHIIIHIIIIIIHIIIIHHHIHIIIHIH IIHHIII!HIHMHHIIWH\\\\\ wgncnxmig . DETROIT, MICH SATURDAY, NOVEMBER‘3 1923 . Eryfigmfis 3:83 TIGHT: . . ' "' "mumnififimfinmwnumImmmmimenmum'm—mmnIInuxumIfiuTuTiImummxmmum"munmnummmmmmnmnnuIuuIHnHumIIIuNIImnunInInmmmImmmmnmmmumuu umunmmmm, ( fl-Hflifl __ A~»__.I|H’IIH'IIHIHHHH qumImammnmumu. llljllllflflIlllllHllHlllllllilllllmlllll] |HIIIIIIINIIIIIIKHIIH 03202013103333 Buick Double Service Sedati— $1695 HE new Buick Double Service Sedan brings to traditiOnal Buick sturdiness, power and dependability, an entirely new ’ standard of closed car utility. It is designed to meet hard daily service—yet its a'ppear-. poms ance and well appointed interior make it the; ,Five Passenger Touring - - - S 965 ~332§23i§2§§£§é§f§m ' ‘ ‘ ' 133?. ideal family car. A 70 h. p. six-cylinder Buick " ‘ Four Passenger Coupe ----- 1395 sums ’_ valve-in-head .engineprovides this Sedan Five Passenger Touring - — - - $1295 3:: 53:32:: 3.231.“, ‘ ' ’ ‘ :33? g with more than ample power for all kinds weapxiffiiirbr":ffif°7mf Sim 1333 ' 3:: 15mm sedan ..... ms . of roads and grades. Proved Buick four-wheel assenger Sport Roadster - - 1675 Four Passenger Sport Touring - - 1125 mouabamswan 1 ms I . brakes assure complete driving safety at all: ,Fom' Passenger Coupe ----- 1995 ’tziitziizie-zriéfirisafli ' times and under all conditions. , 'W‘HEN'BETTER A_U”TOMOBILES'_ARE‘BUI‘LT’. BUICK vaLLjBUILn‘rTI-IEM BUICK MOTOR COMPANY, FLINT MICHIGAN Divieion of General uotorl Corporation ~ -. .-,,, p. ”we" V L . ' Pioneer Builders.“ Valve- in- die“ Motor Cori ‘ . f'" , Enoch?“ A“.yflnflpfl.Cnll’flfge'l-f”.-1?-“",f'-'"i":_'.‘9~.‘.':9 \ - «a. A. votnmnCLxx' ‘ 1. MICHIGAN A Practical Journal for the Rural Family $BCTION THE CAPPER FARM PRESS RELIABILITY SERVICE NUMBER EIGHTEEN lemgd‘ircctlon to Community Work Hart/and Sonoo/ Fair Score: Again -—I/a Leonard COMMUNITY organization can be made a 'valuable asset. In a majority of cases such an organ- ization will not pei colate rapidly through a rural community' without the aid of some educating, guiding force or agency which can make an appeal that commands the respect and the support of all the people. The consolidated school, through its clientele of teache1s, pupils and pat- rons, furnishes an excellent basis up- on which many rural communities can completely organize community inter- ests. Ove1 in the northeast corner of Livingston county, there is to be found an illustrious example of the organi- zation and initial develOpment of com- munity spirit, guided by that educat- ing force, the rural agricultural high school The Hartland Consolidated Rm‘al Agricultural High School with but two candles on its anniversary cake, held its second annual school fair on Octo- ber 18 and 19. Despite the busy season and in- 1, clement weather, a large majority of the farmers found time to cooperate in the exhibits and enjoy at least one, if not all, of the sessions of the pro- gram. A fine community spirit was shown by the farmers of the surround- ing districts, who, although they did not send children to this school tack . the time and interest to, prepare an exhibit, the only premium being the honor of the competition. The exhibits were all of a high standard and representative of the school and'community. These splen- did crop displays showed the result of 'an active interest in the merits of certified seed. Much had been done . in the way of increasing the shelling percentage of corn, producing clean clover seed, alfalfa, andJmproving the production of wheat, oats and rye. The agricultural instructor, Mr. Monroe, is retained during the sum- mer months to carry on the project work begun by the boys during the school year. These projects consist-of various en- deavors With crops and live stock. The boys and girls study their partic- ular projects during the school year; then they put them into practice in the spring and summer or winter, too, if the project may be extended. Un- Co-ops arc Getting After der the instruction and guidance of the agricultural professor, these pro- jects are carried to completion with definite reports made on each step. These reports then tell the story of which way the dollars are rolling. By transforming into personal expe- riences the ideas gained through the School year, a permanent interest in the farm, an interest which is both profitable and educational, is develop- ed in the younger generation. (Who can saythat this will not aid in pro- ducing tenants for many farms now vacant?) _ , Some. splendid poultry exhibits were entered at the show by local farmers, and a i’ew of the best egg- These Boys Made the Cabinets During laying strains of White Leghorns in the state cackled an accompaniment to the discussion of the various mer- its of the exhibits. The spuds displayed by the high school boys might have been the envy of any experienced farmer. One hill of Tawas Mediums weighed nine and one-half pounds with every potato of good size and conformation. In the manual training shop, as well as the other departments, the work accomplished by the boys was of a very practical nature. The boys had made wagon jacks, eveners, folding ironing boards, hall trees, porch box- es, cabinets, repaired broken parts of home and farm furnishings. ' When this new school building was completed, some two and a half. years ago, there was a gleat need for cab- inets. and class-room tables. Of course, these could be purchased, but that meant another bill to be added to the already high cost. It was decided that the boys of the manual training class should make them. So, with practically no preliminary training, the boys pictured herewith made the cabinets against which they are lean- ing, and numerous small'ones through— out the building, along with the class- room tables. At this school the domestic science course is made a part of every girl’s curriculum and some very fine work was displayed. Their accomplish- their First Year of Manual Training. ments in canning, cooking and sewing were such as to be of a lasting ben- efit to each girl. Of course, a fair isn't. a fair Without the usual “hot dogs and pop—corn.” So these were furnished by the “D. S.” girls who used the proceeds to more fully equip their laboratory. The ex- hibits of the primary grades of the school were very commendable. The first grade took the largest number of first premiums in, proportion, the fourth and fifth grades following a close second. Superintendent W. D. White, a teacher of long experience, and a qualified community leader, had ar- ranged an interesting program for the afternoon and evening of both days. C. W Holman Give-5 Interesting Snrvey at Daily NLY three years ago our net ex- ports of combined dairy. prod- ucts was 2, 600, 000; 000 pounds. In 1922 our combined expmts were less than 100, 000, 000 pounds. It is clear that the domestic market is to be our great market of the future, and Amer- ican cooperatives should shape their programs to meet this condition. As coOperative marketing becames mere thoroughly organized, and if the Canipalgn of education as to the value. of milk products goes with the same pace that it has for the past three e American public will forge“ til greatests are " 0d ucts. The economics effected in dis- tribution will lay those preducts down to the consumer’s door at the least possible co'St commensurate with a living wage for. the milk man, a living profit for the pr,oducer and a living margin for the economical d' stributOr. According to official figlg‘es based ' upon veluntary reports, there are to- day in, the United States at least forty- * one cities" where farmers are deliver- ing milk. to, the, houseWIVes doors from modern milk plants warned by _»their associations. Thirtywnine of these associations sell milk for 11 2,81 farm- flirty-six Of these associations i annual business amounting to $12,393,954.' Twenty-seven sell an av- erage of 59,820 gallons daily, used by 81,139 customers. / ‘ Advises Caution. There are communities where ef- forts of this kind have a chance to succeed. There are other Communi- ties where such efforts would be deemed to failure; and producers should consider very carefully the real 'measure of gain which they can make before undertaking such attempts. The modern milk business is today so complicated that it reduires large out- lays of capital and the meet highly ”trained technical staffs and the most [competent executive 1111111th 011 Thursday afternoon, Mr. W. Mc- Vittie lectured on the accomplish- ments of the farm bureau, and in the evening E. E. Gallupp, Smith Hughes administrator, discussed the need and ways and means 01' cooperation with the benefits to be received thereby. Some profitable points in poultry culling and breeding for better egg production was discussed Friday af- ternoon by E. C. Foreman, M. A. C. poultry expert. In the evening F. A. Butterworth, 01? Chicago, assistant ~ freight agent 01' the Pere Marquette Railroad, discussed the freight rates relatively to the farmers. An interesting and unusual feature of this rural agricultural school is its night classes. During the winter months, when the farmer and his Wife have spare time, they may attend these evening classes twice each week. These classes have always been well attended, and much enthu- siasm in farming and community inter— ests has been displayed. Some of the studies taken up last year Were math- ematics, economics, and soil chemis- try. At the Friday evening session, it was announced that these classes would be continued this year with the addition 01‘ some branch of home eco- nomics for the women.’ Awake to every opportunity. of serv- ing, this school has organized an Ex- change. Through this medium, any- thing for sale or wanted may be ad- vertised on a bulletin board in the school building, the students actingas personal advertising agents, The com- modity is published throughout the community. This Exchange has been responsible for the sale of a large amount of certified seed, and other farm produce, including three horses. The Exchange also works in Coopera- tiOn with the State Farm Bureau. Up- on getting an order from the Ex- change, the farmer may purchase his certified seed at a great saving. There has been much propaganda. concerning the high cost of consoli. dated schools. The general concensus of opinion throughout this district, or rather the ten school districts consol- idated into one, is that the taxes are. high but when weighed in the scales with the benefits received from such an institution in the community, and the individual homes, the taxpayers are getting a bargain. Milk Congreu Thirty-one wholesale milk market— ing associations have reported a mem bership of 101, 620 milk producersg. Twenty- five of these associations in 1922 reported a combined turnover of ’ $103,023,715. In addition the depart- ment of agriculture has had reports . from twenty collective bargaining as- sociations with a combined member- ship of 80, 325 farmers. It is impossi- ble to estimate accurately, or even vaguely, the value and volume of milk ” and cream sold by the collective bar-' In addition to. the price received by the members», the non-members everywhere get this“; gaining associations. (Continued on page 462) “MN. 0.— . 2;;1'“ «a "t ‘,. E ;; ”L. aid -. ' Published Weekly “clinched 1843 Copmt 19“ The Lawrence Publishing Co. Editors and Proprietors [832 Lafayette Boulevard Detroit. Him ‘ Mentions Cherry 8384 NEW YORK OFFICE 120 W 42nd St. CHICAGO OFFICE 608 So. Deal-born St. CLJEVF LAND OFFICE 1011- 1013 Oregon Ave, NE PHILADELPHIA OFFICE 261-263 South Third St. . the types and sizes of: units now employed, and the number of operations still being done by hand. From this survey and others, it will become quite possible to learn to what extent .electricity has been adapted to farm activities and what 'obstacles stand in the way of extending this power to other farm needs. There is a general opinion that great possibili- upon them by Cuban sugar combina- ‘ tions in Which domestic manipulators have been no small factor. Statesmen in the administration and in congress should be giving con- sideration to these facts and formu- lating a government program to en- courage domestic sugar production by every means possible, to the end that all the people of the country may be benefited thereby. Politicians should THUR ....................... r aid in _ €313.20 £31553; ....... . .......... Vice-Pnréadzn; be balked in any effort to 3550013“ ties are offered through electrical FELL ”W33?.:.'.'.'.'.':::::::1::«::?’.“.“.’.§2§ié‘2§".§ these entirely separate problems in power in improving living conditions rs: it any legislative program. Farmers and on the farm, lightening work about iiui‘nwvi‘wniig‘q’ii .223222212222222222. Amen... domestic sugar manufacturers should the home. and in cutting production FRANK A WILKEN ----------------- Ed‘m” get together in a constructive attempt costs ILA A. LEONARD .................... , . - P. p. POPE ........................... Field Editor to promote the growth of the domes- In addition to the hundreds of thou- ‘ n WATERBUR‘L'L; 3.13.3995” “m“? tic sugar industry 01.1 a fair baSiS' sands of isolated electric plants now TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION The sugar tariff schedule should be successfully operating on American One reg, 53 issséieu ........................... 3.3g considered from that angle only. Tar- farms, electric light 'and power coml ifffwefff'm 13:33:“.::::::::::::::::::::::;3:oo m? schedules have too long been the Dames also extended their lines to subject of political manipulation. The sugar tariff is a business proposition and should be so used as a factor in building an adequate domestic sugar All Sent Postpaid Canadian subscription 50¢ a year extra for postage RATES OF ADVERTISING 55 cents per line agate type measurement. or $1.70 per inch (14 agate lines per inch) per insertion. l\o adver- nearly a half million more farmers. How rapidly this development will continue in the future remains to be seen. However, the present farm 1a- tisement inserted for less if"; “£59118“? inseréigle- No industry. bfigggntglesgmdydugmnfiumf It of. 339’; omen}: b0? situation and the effort to cut . Detroit. Michigan. Under the Act of March 3.1843. N a majority of the production costs suggest that the day Member Audit Bureau of Circulation , __ ‘ . I,states of the Union for the general adaptation of electric- voLUME can NUMBER EIGHTEEN Testing cow-testing associa— 1ty to the farm may not be as far - Draft tions have become away as we think. The active inter- DETROIT, NOVEMBER 3,1923 Horses common. In Michi- est of both farm groups and those in- terested in electrical development, at . r- gan, particularly du least, gives encouragement to the sit- CURRENT COMMENT ing the past eighteen months, these uation D ocracy loses much through its organizations have developed wonder- ’ em fully in popularity. They have become _ apathy toward experts. papu‘lar because through them owners 1:1 chililhogtd we find \Iliatever progress is made in our could know, in definite figures, the For the f oveThué ciilgullfvfe rural program will come largely as production of each cow in their herds. Little iorm‘ t beset b as- the result of education and organiza- Now comes a mammoth “Babcock Ones . £01111: nor soilzdpby tester” for testing the production val- ue of a draft. horse. From time 1111-. memorial speed horses have been tested, but men have not had the proper equipment for learning just how much a draft horse can move. , Now, we have the dynamometer which . . promises to do for the draft horse the world these things, it should in what the Babcock tester and the return receive every help which might lion. worldly contact; Its innocence and purity invades the hearts of even the most caloused and brings to them the finer influences of life. The great problem is to learn how to gain wealth honestly and efficiently and to distribute it justly while, at the same time, we continue to live togeth- er as neighbors. ECEN T press dis- Th patches emanat- scales have done for the dairy cow. assist in the development Of these 3 ing from Washington finer qualities. ‘ Sugar indicate that in. the Through the use of the dynamomet- _ ‘Tariff d‘ . ' f th _ er it was learned at the Iowa State Too much attention cannot bi? 31‘“ 1scuss1on 0 e vex ‘ en to the children, for. they are in our Fair this year that fair patrons had as much interest in seeing how much a horse could pull as they did tin watching how fast they could trot or pace. lVith it firms in Chicago are also testing out their teams to see What is a reasonable load for them. It seems safe to predict that the dynamometer is going to be a factor in the future development of the draft horse. It will make it possible for breeding animals, both mares and stallions, to be rated for their pulling ability. -- Farmers, particularly, will have a keen interest in the extended use of this machine. This not only because they use by far the largest amount of . ed problem of a sol- diers’ bonus the expedient of provid- ing funds for bonus legislation by a sales tax on sugar in lieu of the pres- ent sugar tariff is being considered by advocates of bonus legislation. In a recent interview F. C. Price, of Saginaw, president of the Michigan Sugar Beet Growers’ Association, very clearly indicated that Michigan sugar beet growers would oppose such a program. Mr. Price is to be compli- ' mented on his prompt reaction to this proposal; In his comments he very properly discussed the phase of the proposal which will rally general farmer sup- port to active opposition of the plan, hands to mould to a worthy purpose. In urging parents to give to their children a due. share of time and con- sideration, we may perhaps be accus- ed of neglect, since the Michigan Farmer has not in the past given space to anything of especial interest to those in the early childhood age. Realizing this lack, we recently in- troduced a “Little Folks” department. In doing this, we believe that we have supplied the missing essential in mak- ingxthe Michigan Farmer a journal in which every member of the farmer’s family will find something of interest. -INCE the first of October of this viz., the introduction of the sales tax horse power in COIIdUCtiHS their bus- Grade , as the means of providing funds for iness, but, also, because it is upon the Your ,~ year ”19 Mich1gan a purpose having more 01' less general farms that the horses used in the Potatoes ,Standar d Potato . . ‘ , . a , Grades have been es- no ular support Cities ale 18180.1] and de\ eloped. . D . - _ t ‘ td _ thi tablished. With some A11 farmers are in 9195.9 m S exceptions, the enforcement of the URING the past few weeks there come from sev-_ eral quarters evi- dence of an awaken- ing as to the possibil- ities of a more general use of elec- tricity as a servant to the American phase of the proposition, while the farmers of only a. few states are di- rectly interested in the sugar beet industry. But the farmers of every state are vitally, if indirectly, inter- ested in the sugar beet industry, hence a discussion of the sugar tariff in its ielation to that industry is both timely and important. “'hile the farmers of this country are producing a surplus of foodstuffs which must be sold on a foreign mar- ket at world prices, we are importing a large percentage of the sugar con- sumed by our people Yet we can pro- duce cane sugar in the south and beet sugar in the north and west, both effi- ciently and economically. If more of law is being received with favor by Electrifying has both growers and shippers. the I? Here is how it is working out. Last arm week a car of potatoes was shipped from up state to the Detroit market. This car was marked Michigan No. 1 stock. The law for this grade allows farmer. a tolerance of six per cent for varia- Only a few days back a conference tions incident to proper grading and was held in Chicago at WhiCh a com- handling. The inspectors found, how- mittee, consisting of representatives ever, that the sacks in this car con; ‘of agriculture and of the electrical in- tained an average of eighteen per cent dustry, was chosen to study the mob of No. 2’s, and thirteen per cent of lems involved and to formulate some culls. Evidently no sorting had been feasible plan for bringingelectric ser— done, and the man who shipped the, Vice t0 the farmers generally. potatoes was attempting to sell “field Last week at the annual meeting of run” for Michigan NO- 1 StOCk- our'farm lands were devoted to this the Michigan State Grange the same Now, the taking' of this car and industry, up to the point which would subject was under discussion, while every other car which does not come satisfy the needs of domestic con- just a short time ago, at the 1923 ses- up to the requirements of the grade sumption, . and surplus production sion of the Michigan Electric Associa- indicated (and the law now makes it along other lines centralized accord- tion, special emphasis was given to obligatory to mark the grade of the ~ 'ingly, both producers and consumers the farm field as the most promising potatoes), off the market as such is, 7 would be benefited. territory for. extending their line of in a very short time, going to give farmers of the country as a business. buyers confidence in the Michigan po- ewould receive an added income The Federal Department of Agricul- tato. Buyers know, also, that it per- A I §§ , l As the child unconsciously gives to , tate to bid on Michigan potatoess During the transition stage when, for the first time, the law is being en- forced, there is bound to be some grief. However, we are convinced that the inspectors are trying hard to be fair and for that reason they de- serve a respectable hearing and the full cooperation of producers Producers, without doubt, will profit more than any other class through the promulgation of these-standard grades. With the law fully enforced, Michigan potatoes will have a very definite val- ue This naturally will discourage speculation, since speculators invari- ably deal in things of uncertain value and the grading will, therefore, go a long way in putting the, marketing of the crop upon asound basis. And that, for years, has been the very thing for which growers have been striving. Grangein ’ WENT a Grangein’ the other day at Muskegon and it was a regular two-ringed circuss. For inst, the eatin' at the bankwet was in two places. The only thing I‘didn’t like about it was they didn’t let me eat at both places. I never like ta show eatin’ places what you call parshallity. In this circuss, Dora Stockman was property man and Burt Cook cracked the whip. And I kin tell you some of the cracks what was made was heard all the way to Lansing. And I kin tell you I kin reccommend Dora fer hand- lin’ shows. She put on a stupend- ous productshun. Well, Seein’ as I run fer consta- bull oncet, but only oncet, the newspaper boys was just hangin’ ’round me all the time, ’cause they knew I was a politishun. For inst, they ast me what I thought about immigrashun. Well, I say,s I think this should be accordin’ to supply and demand and as now there is too many what is sayin’, “Yes, I have no bananoes today,” and not enough what is sellin’ cheese what you pay so much a pound fei the smell, so I think we gotta make some changes. , Then they ast me about the truth- 'in-fabrick business. And I's'ays, it’s hard fer me to answer, ’cause there’s some folks what wouldn’t be in their nacherul surroundin’s if they was to dress in a truth-in~fabrick suit. And I told them newspaper fellows that I didn't like this price fixin’ atall, ’cause the whole trouble with the farmin’ business is that there’s too many folks now what is fixin’ farm- ers’ prices instead of the farmer doin’ it hisself. , ‘ And the gas tax, I just pounded the desk when I told them boys that I was fer it. There’s what you call a steWpendo‘us amount 0’ gas what ain’t bein’ used economical but is bein’ ex- pended in jaw parties that ought to be taxed. With taxes so high that’s one luxury what ought to be taxed. Seein’ as I belong to that class 0’ people what have ta work fer their livin’, instead of havin’ 3. income, I’m strong fer the income tax. Some of these folks what has income has eve- rything comin’ in and nothin’ goin’ out, and that ain’t a healthy condi-" shun. A taxwill help to relieve their finanshull congestion. Now, seein’ as I give them news- boys good advice, I wanta give you some When you are feelin’ disgusted g about minim. etc... just go assistance " a while ‘Fer :1th 7~to accept it... ; 'i‘h result is math/the .~ . . future buyers generally will not hesl- L LACKHEAD or, as it is better termed, infectiousj enterohepati-' , » us, is a contagious‘disease affect- ing turkeys and chickens. This dis— ease is now quite prevalent in many sections of Michigan and several tur- key raisers have abandoned turkey raising, thinking that it is unprofit- able or even impossible, due to some disease which they do not under- stand." The fact is that there is only one great obstacle to the raising of 'turkeys and that is blackhead. Recent =Fig. |.—Turkey Showing Symptoms of Backhead. research work done at Harvard Uni- versity has revealed much regarding the source and nature of this disease and has demonstrated that turkeys can -be suCCessfully raised if use is made of the present available knowl- edge regarding the cause and dissem- ination of this malady. " The Cause and Mode of Spread. Blackhead is caused by a micropar- "asite, the Histomonas melea‘gridis, which is often ha1b019d in the eggs "of the common cecum worm of poul- try, the Hiterakis papillosa. The eggs of this worm and the Histomonas meleagridis are discharged from the intestines 0f infected birds with the droppings and may thus be picked up by healthy birds from Contaminated premises with feed or water. Symptd’ins and Lesions. The symptoms of this disease are not diagnOstic. A dark discoloration of the skin of the head, ruffled feath- ers, listlessness, weakness, yellowish or greenish yellow droppings, and a tendency to lag behind the rest of the flock are some of the outward signs of this disease, but "all these symptoms ByHH] How You Cd” Detect, Prevent and Even Ema’imz‘e this Dzsease Stafse th Dept. of Badertology, M. A. C. may occur in other diseases. Fig. 1 shows a turkey manifesting symptoms which would suggest the presence of blackhead. .On post mortem examina- tion of turkeys affected with black- head some very characteristic chang- es may be found in the liver and ceca (blind pouches). The liver is often marked by circular, many colored, de- pressed areas (Fig. 2), while the ceca, may be distended with a yellowish gray necrotic mass (Fig. 3). Prevention and Treatment. If the presence of this disease is suspected, no time should be lost in securing a reliable diagnosis and sug- gestions regarding treatment and pre- vention. Too much space would be required for a detailed discussion on the subject of proper preventive meas- ures. The Veterinary Division of the Michigan Agricultural College has lit- erature on this subject which will be supplied to anyone who might be in- terested. The following, general we cautions may be of much value in pre- venting the introduction and spread of blackhead. Do not purchase birds from diseas— ed flocks. A'llow no stagnant pools of water to remain in the yards 01' runs. ’ Provide clean drinking water and protect it against contamination in a manner similar to that shown in Fig. 4. If blackhead is present the birds ' filmmm ..., .-. . ..... Fig. iV.-—This Simpl‘ova Arrangement ter Provided Fig. ll.—Liver of Turkey,'3howing Lesions of Blackhead. must be confined and yards provided which will permit moving the birds from one yard to another at regular intervals. Young stock should always be rais- ed on clean premises apart from adult stock to eliminate the chances of in- fectionuas poults are more suscepti- ble to this disease than adult birds. No breed or‘strain 02 turkeys is im- mune to this disease. and one should therefore not be led to rely on this factor for preventing blackhead. It is quite customary to send dead turkeys or tissues to some laboratory for diagnosis This would be satisfac~ tory were it not for the rapid decom— position that takes'place in dead tis- sues which makes it ianSsihle to de- cide definitely what the nature of the disease is. Prevents Contamination of Drinking for the Fowl s. Seeking information through letters or newspapers 01 farm journals is also of questionable value for three rea- sons: First, too much time is wasted in waiting for a reply; second, the symptoms usually described in such inquiries are of no value to the diag- nostician; and third, those who make a practice of answering questions on disease through the columns of news- papers and various journals are, as a rule, not qualified to deal with these _ problems. It should therefore be evident that the logical place to go for a diagnosis HI.—-B|ind Pouches of Turkey Affected with Blackhead. who, in can make the diagnosis Fig. is to the local vel'ciinarian, most cases, within a few hours after the disease is discovered. He has fresh material available 011 which to base his decis- ion and has the oppoitunity of exam- ining the sanitaxy conditions which exist on the premises. This enables him to make proper recommendations regarding various sanitary measures, which if employed, would tend to eliminate recurrence of the disease. If medicinal treatment is needed he can usually supply the. proper drugs without delay. In many sections of the country poultrymen are beginning to see the usefulness. of dealing with poultry diseases in this manner and are now employing veterinarians as advisers in matters appertaining to sanitation, hygiem and treatment. of diseases. It is no: a rare occurrence to find people who make a practice of dealing with poultry diseases showing a complete ignorance of anatomy, physiology, bacteriology, therapeutics, pathology and parasitology. Without a fair knowledge 01‘ 1118136 sciences no one can give intelligent adviCe regard- ing proper preventive or therapeutic measures. Heating the Whole Outdoors T flat I: What Many Shivering Families. F the millions of tons of coal we 0* shovel into our furnaces this 1 winter at least one-fourth'will be wasted. It Will pour out through the cracks around our doms and win- dov'vs to heat the back yard and front lawn. vWe would not be foolish enough to try to store water in a tank that ' was full of holes—~We would patch; the holes. Yet many of us, year after year, try to keep our houses warm ' when they are leaking heat in a score of places. .. The best method of stopping leak- age: around the doors and windows is ‘ the installing of metal sashes and frames; but this is considerable of an undertaking and rather expensive. .1" ~ However "this should be done ~with-j ‘ ' q” 'stio "—iu‘every new house when tween the window and door frames and the wall line with strip felt. Stop ‘ upthe cracks betweenthe frames and [the ”brick of the house with oakum or some other compoundlhat expands and contracts with the crevice in which it is placed. Cement mortar or other solid material does not have this quality to a sufficient extent. For this reason some material that changes with the size of crevice is needed. Wood and felt stripping is easily applied and very effective. It should be put ‘on the outside at the opening between the window sash- and frame for the upper sash; and usually to a “better advantage on the inside for the lower sash. This stripping should, of course, be placed on the outside for doors opening inWard, and the inside for doors opening outward; The felt "should fit so snugly that extra effort his required to move the Sashes of the (lows and an extra hardrpushznec- gees. y t lock the door 5 strip tack», f m» to Do Every ”’1 nter——G. 0.041%: ed along the jams of interior doors will reduce undesirable drafts and make your fl001s more comfortable f01 you and less of a menace to small- er children St1ip felting may place of. wood-and-felt stripping but not so effectively] However, if the wall line adjoining the door and win- dow frames is irregular the c1ack can be neatly and effectix ely closed with strip felt. There is an old saying that “one blanket under you is worth two over you.” A thin leaky floor makes a cold house just as a. thin mattress makes a cold bed. Cellars are thenbeSI guar- antees, of warm floors. . It“ the house has no cellar, place heavy insulating paper on the under side of the floor, sealing the joints with lathing. or strips of wall beard. If the rounds? tion is poor, bank it with straw, leaves be used in the (and earth, or, better still, mend it. Storm sash are very' desinabl’e for they provide an ai1 space between two layers of glass. This air space acts as an insulator. keepingtheiheat'in and the cold out. A fixedsash-is not as desirable as one that: can be, opened at will for ventilating—.mu‘poses. Storm. . ~ sash last for many yearsand pay for themselves over and over again in- then saving on coal bills. The material 1'01 converting a cold, d1aughty house into. a....comfortable. healthful one, costs very-little. Meas- ure your doors and windows, stop at your with a hammer and sawxaud- av-few' spare moments can cut their'fuel'bill materially, ' expensive trips to the furnace, and enjoy a warm _ comfortable house. When fuel is so expensive and scarce it is not only good business but. a patriotic duty to waste as sible. dealers and bring-stile .material. home with you today. Most anybody save themselves“ a. lot 013‘ little as pos- This is a l31;ge universe we : live in—don’t try. to heat’it all! '11 f, not goingwto r be Tl’nndamental conceptions are going to L .t' - .L ‘ ‘ _ "w '71- . ...L.".* _-~_. '1... . I . -. » .n.~".1-z.a 1- . . ~;e . , g,“ . 4. . . .' . ~ ,~ ., ,- . . 5,...” . .. -.' _ (- . . _ 1} ,n t" 3.} ‘2 «.1 13:... _ c _. . _ - ‘ . ‘y, ‘ . . ' '- x. GOVERNORS MEET THE PRESL DENT. HE "coming of the governors of ~thirty—seven states to Washington to confer with President Coolidge on the problems of law e11forcement,'has greatly strengthened the ‘eighteenth amendment.- It has focused public sentiment and official respOnsibility upon the one amendment to the con—- sti‘tution which is being most vigor- oust-y assailed by law~b1eake1s of eve- 1y sort. _ The President in his address to the » governors referring to the prohibition law, emphasized these facts: In all of the states there had long been law's regulating the sale of in— toxicating liquors and in many of the states prohibition had already been adopted. Neither the amendment nor the prohibition jact undertakes to re- lieve the states 0f their responsibility relativeto intoxicating liquors. When laws have been made there can be no question about the duty of executives to enforce them with such instruments as the law provides for securing enforcement. They have no alter-native. “The American people have enacted their laws,” says the President. “They are not a nation of inebriates; they are not a people who can be charged with being hypocrites. They have no patience with anarchy. They are a sober, frank and candid people. They have respect and reverence for duly constituted authority. To them the law is a rule of action. Those funda~ mental national characteristics are ' changed. Those remain permanent. The great body of the people are thoroughly law-abid- ing. This great law~abiding element of the nation is entitled to support and protection to the limit, provided by the constitution and the law of the land, against every lawless element. ’l‘he‘executivesare required to enforce the law. "Enforcement of law and obedience to law, »by the very nature of our in- stitutions, are. ‘not matters of choice in this republic, but the expression of a moral requirement 01' living in ac— cordance with the truth." The governors adopted a program which calls for coordination of all fed- eral, state and municipal forces; ask- ing the press to support the prohibi- tion law; adoption of practicable methods of compelling aliens and law- less citizens to obey and respect the law, and education 01‘ the children as to the dangers in intoxicating liquors. The citizens’ conference and the meeting of the governors with the President has already been effective in a more vigorous attempt on the part of the authorities to enforce the law. The treasury department is call- ing for more speedies‘ and better _ equipped vessels to aid in putting the rum fleet out of business along the Atlantic coast, and sufficient men in the service to guard against fraudu- lent releases of liquors in storage. PROGRESSIVE ELEMENT THREAT- ENS. HE largely increased influence of the progressive element in con-‘ gress is ‘giving the conservatives much concern. The progressive bloc will hold the balance of power that will enable the members to make their action strongly felt in shaping legis- lation. They will undoubtedly be able to control the. reorganization of the senate and possibly the house. Senator Cummins, of Iowa, is now , _'_acting as firesiding officei of the sons - ‘; ate and is also chairman of the Inter- ; ; Estate Commerce Committee. " dicted that the progressive bloc will ‘ It is pre- demand that he.“ resign the latter posi- tion if he continues to hold the chair- manship of the senate. .111 this case Senator La Follette, leader of the pro- gressives, wgnld, be chairman of the interstate commerce committee, giv- ing the progressives a powerful influ- ence in shaping railway legislation re- vision. The conservatives will also have diflicultyin contiolling, tax revision if the pregressives assert their power. Senator Smoot who is somewhat con- servative, holds ‘ the opinion that 'the ‘fmdicals’v? Will undertake to restore the excess profits tax,‘ and 'will also demand an increase in the surtaxes from- i'orty‘to fifty per cent. THE TAX QUESTION LOOMS. . ._.___ AX revision is pushing to the front "as; one of the big questions before congress the coming winter. The farm bloc andthe progressive bloc will de- mand revision that will relieve the man of small income. A few of the more radical ,will advocate an increase in the surtaxes, while Secretary of the Treasury Mellon is insisting that taxes 011 large incomes should be re- duced as a means of stimulatingin- vestments in business enterprises. GET FOREIGN RECOGNITION. HE fruit grOWers' organization at ' lnwood, ,West Virginia, has receiv- ed the English certificate of registra- tion for its trade—mark “Johnny Apple— seed,” which is used on all of the ap- ples it ships from its large cooperative packing plant. The Inwood organization plans to ship applesto England. It is rapidly building up a big business in the sale of apples in various kinds of pack- ages, including cartons containing twelve to twenty-four apples. These cartons are shipped by parcels post to the consumers at stated intervals throughout the year. . The lnwoodj growers are not willing to build up a- valuable trade-mark, and then have filmed by some other grow- " cite, ers’ o'r’ Shippers’ organization. They have safeguarded it by the only pracP tical means. The English certificate of 1egistia- tion was obtained through the Amel- ican Farm Bu1 eau Federation’s tiade- mark and patent service. COAL DEALERS REAP LARGE PROFITS. EPORTS of the g0vernment fact~ finding agencies investigating the coal. trade, bring to light information that is not creditable to the trade- They reveal practices bordering on profiteering by wholesalers and job- bers. ' The United States Coal Commission reports that the'profits of wholesalers of coal since the war have been more than 200 per cent above pro-war mar- gins; that there are too many whole- salers. selling coal speculatively to raise theprice, and that threatening. strikes give Wholesalers an opportua nity to boost prices unnecessarily. Using 1913 as a base, the commis- sion found that’the average wh01esal- er who distributed coal without phy- ‘sically handling the shipments made a profit of 3.6 cents per ton handled, and made an annual return on total capital invested in his business of nineteen per cent. In 1920 the more than 300 wholesalers in the United States whose books the commission examined, took a profit of fifteen cents per ton, and made 55.2 per cent on the capital invested in their business. The undue price increase, accord- ing to the commission, resulted from the handling about of coal shipments during shortages, from one wholesal- er to another, with two, three and sometimes four wholesale profits be— ing taken on route. The Federal Trade Commission, at the request of President Coolidge, is conducting an investigation to ascer- tain whether the passing of anthra- especially, through numerous hands before it reaches the consumer is really a' device by which the price _,is unduly raised, and, perhaps, consti— Drifizkzg ’s 4% 'Harrison, miss an unfair trade smut... This practice of wholesalers to buy and sell speculatively among themseIVes, each taking a margin which is added to the p1ice finally paid by the retailer and the consumer, is called scalping by the Federal Trade Commission. WANT LOWER TARIFF RATES ON F E E DERS "' SOME time ago the Illinois. and Pennsylvania Farm Bureaus in co- operation with the American Farm Bureau Federation requested «the Fed- eral Taiiff Commission to make an in- vestigatiOn of cost factors in stacker and feeder cattle production in Can- ada and the United States, with the object in view of securing a lower tariff iate on these cattle shipped in from Canada. The American Farm Bureau Federation Washington office has 1eceived information that no in- vestigation in this matter- has been Uldeled by the commission,.,but the experts. are preparing a survey on the cattle industry, with special regard to the trade in feeder cattle. ' WOULD PROMOTE USE OF ELEC- 'TRICITY ON FARMS. » ' XPERIMENTS are to be promoted by the commerce and interior de- partments with a view, to increased use of electricity on farms. ‘At a re- cent luncheon of the American Farm Bureau Federation’s committee on the relation of electricity to agricul- ture, Secretary of Commerce Hoover said proposed super-power systems would bring about greatly increased - use of electricity on American farms. He assured the committee that the would use the machinery of thecom- .merce department to take a survey of the use of electricity by farmers in foreign countries and also to ascertain what experimental w01k had been done in electrical farm maChinery. Secxetary of the Interior Work also piomised the aid of his department in extending the facilities ..for greater use of electric power on the farms. MICHIGAN POTATOES CAPTURE SWEEPSTAKES. A T the International Potato Show held at Duluth on October 16 18, Michigan potatoes again came into the limelight as they did at the two previous sessions of this potato dis- play. In the first place L. E. Sneathen, of Charlevoix county, was awarded. the grand prize for the best peck of pota- toes exhibited. His exhibit showed Wonderful uniformity in both size and shape and displayed that beautiful gol— den colon so typical of the Russet po- tato when developed under ideal con- ' ditions. Mr. Sneathen also captured first place in the peck exhibits of the Rural Russet class with4 the second position'going to George Elmore, of Wexford county. In the U. S. No. 1 Fancy table stock, first prize was awarded to George . of Wexford county, on his bushel of White Rurals, who also took third prize inthe _U. S. No.. 1 Standard .Fancy Table stock class on a bushel of excellent Cobblers. Mr. Elmore was awarded second prize in the U. S. No. 1 Fancy Class on a bush- el of Russets. ~ Eighth place was awarded to John DeLongchamp, of Marquette county,, on his display of Green Mountains in the U. S. No. 1 Extra Fancy Class. ' _ In all of the classes. the competition ., , p; :- was 01? the keenest kind, and natural-j .13.; the Michigan men are ‘19 “ . sratulated for theirJ‘Wé a". IX Fur Trimmed Thibet Coal for Women $5.98 Another sensational value in a Warm winter coat. This becoming model is of splendid Thibet cloth in choice of rich brown“ or navy blue.‘ The ample col- lar is of genuine brown Coney fur. Cost is finished with all—around self material belt and two patch pockets trimmed with pretty hutmns. Imitation (\ifl is also button trimmed. Coat meas- urea about 48 inches long, and comes in sizes 34 to 46 bust. Order brown by No- l8E7094. Navy by Na- i8E7096. S e n d M m o n e y. Pay $5.98 and postage on ar- rival for either color. State size wanted. 0r- der similar style Black with Plush Collar. by No. I8E7097. Price $3.98. " Richly Embroidered All-Wool Serge $5213 For worn on and misses, of refined taste. this charming . dress strong appeal. The material is an unus- ually fine quality all wool storm serge. Model has neck and sleeves bound with red silk braid. hand embroidered in beau- tiful contrasting col- ors of pure silk floss around net-Jr. down front and on sle \ietal girdle with celluloid and metal ornaments en- «ircling waist. Deep hem and all seams reinforced and i ‘NR-Ni-‘S-‘waz-b‘fi .vw“ .. .. -x\~.~..\~\\~..~.‘\\ serged. Women’s sizes 34 to 4-! bust; misses. ‘ to 38 bust. . State bust measure and skirt Vlen'gthm when or dering. o.nly Order by No. l8E-7550. Send - Mst money. - P 85.98 and , no stgae on a v'sl. Money- baok “it not satisfied. ' \ ‘3'?"st ,N v .w '. 'o /’ Dressy Kid ' Finish. Walk- .j ing W 1.. hi I‘ll ind loeather walking boot in hi cut lace, style. Fancy perforated stitched tip with medalist]! on toe; neat perforations it .men' and row. Medium extension oak sole with m1: heel rubber tipped. A* distinct 8118,qu suitable for dress or street Issuer. .80‘ ”i? More arerdr eagrdandacom~ wn rder srder Black Kid You can order as *many of the amazing. money- saving bargains pictured on this page . as you wish without sending us a. cent in advance. Everything is shipped on approval. xYou are the Judge. If you are not Contineed that Sharood has sent you the best value you_ ever received return the merchandise and your money will be gladly refunded. Take ad- vantage of these low prices and order today tor the whole family. Send in your order at once—Now! __~'Dont send one cent. Just a letter or postcard brings you any of these smashed price bargains. Merely give Name and Number of Each Article You Want. Also State Size and Write Your Name and Address Plainly to Avoid Delay. Pay nothing till goods arrive—then only the amazing bargain price and postage. If you are not delighted with your bargain for any reason at all simply return the goods and your money will be cheerfully refunded. ORDER NOW. If you buy NOW. you'll BUY RIGHT! [Pay Only When Gaods Arrivell $2. 69 Sporty Style Silk Seal Plush Coat for Women and Misses $ 98 Where else can you buy . a. genuine silk seal plush coat of this jaunty style and splendid .quallty for such a low price? Beauti- fully modeled of soft. warm lustrous. deep pile silk‘ plush with full lining of beautiful flowered sateen. Newest loose back flared style with belt. Wide 10- inch shawl collar, two pookets and roomy bell sleeves. Length. about 34 inches. Women’s sizes 34 to 44; misses. 32 to 38 bust pleasure. State size. Order No. i8E7000. Send no money. Pay $9.98 and postage on arrival. Money back if not satisfied. Fur Trimmed Polo Coat $418 Girl's stylish coat of polo that insures real service. Has warm Con- ey Fur Collar. Two novelty pockets. All around belt. Novelty buttons trim poekcts and belt. A durable coat at an amazingly low price. Sizes 7 to 14 yrs. State size wanted. Order Navy by No. 80E7308. Brown. No. 80573“). Send no money. Pay $4.48 and postage on arrival. Same style for children aged 2 to 6 yrs. Navy. No. 80E7458. Brown. No. 809463. Send no money. Pay $3.48 and postage on arrival. ,State size. xfords $1 98 UP Classy stitch-down Oxford for women. Wonderfully comfort— able and stylish Up- pers of brown calf finish or patent . S m o o t h leather insoles. Flex- ible stitched down oak outsoles. Low rubber heels. Sizes 2% 'to 8. Wide widths. . . Order brown by No. 088 3. Se had no on arrival. only $2.48 "BA. money. Pay. onl I.9 Order patent ”leathzr in! 3s. and postage on arrival. and no a 1882M. is“ way of . year. Snarood' 5 good guaranteed the lowest. i,” Popular One Strap One-Buckle Pump,Black Patent or Brown Calf Finish gg Always Mention Size A leading style in all the big cities for fall wear. Ono-strap. onn hut-Lido pump of rich black patent or Brown Cali thmlwl leather. Is well made with perforated sowed tip and medallion toe. Fancy perforation on vamp strap and quarter. Ono-piece medium extension oak sole: low flapper walking heel~with rubbrr ton lift. Sizes 2% to 8: wide widths. Black patent No. I8820. Brown Calf finish No. IBSZI. Send no money. Pay “.98 and postage on arrival for either leather. State size. Women’s Patent Leather, Gun Metal or Brown Calf Finished Oxfords $l9_8 Made with imitation shield tip and medallion perforated vamp. perfor- ated lace stay a n d circular foxing. H a. 9 medium rubber heel and med— i u n1 ‘ toe. Sizes 2% to 8. wide .a’sm Order gunmetai by No. I88 I 22. 1 Choice of brown call by No. l8$l23. Three so as yn dP no Leathers IY Sml. c,Sltlo yand posl- Be sure to age on arrival. State Size Hi-Cut Lace Dress Shoe ' for Children and Mises $113,119 State size. Extremely dressy boot or serviceable brown calf finished black leather. l’retty wing tip with ion on full rounded toe. perforated vamp, 4‘21 arter and eyelet rows. One-piece extension oak soc low heel with rubber top lift Wide widths. aChild's sizes. 8% to H. No. I88439. Price 3!. 79. Miner sizes ill/3 to 2. No. "38440. Price SL913. Growing Girls' sizes_2'/g to 8. No. l8844l. Price $2.48. Send no money. Pay bargain price and postage on arrival. RCAIN CATALOG Your order from this ad brings you our beautifully i‘ilus-. irated 160- page cataio ‘everything to wear. every six weelr s. supplied with fresh up ”to date merchandise at. the lowest. prices in America—a method vastly of more than‘ 4 000 firgflns in SCfit- a now llar‘ga '» Catalog This is SalOOd'H way of keeping you superhi- .to the old sending out a big catalog only once or twice a s are always the ”newest—muons Women’s Wave Top Wallzing Women's all solid leather ware top walking hoot, comes in brown or black calf finish leather built on sensible rounded dross toe last: one- Diece solid leather inner sole -with steel shank, solid leather counter. outing sole and heel with rubber tip. Sizes 2% to 8. “Me widths. ‘ Order Black Call by No. ”38203. Order brown Call by No. “38204. Send no money. Pay $2.69 and postage on arrival. Men’s Work Shoe 98 Size State Brown or black work 3110:: of durable leather. Solid leather inner 3010‘s. llvmy double soles. Green chrome uutsole. Lcatiur hrs-l. sizes 6 to 12 W‘do: widths only. Order Brown by No. I837 758. 0rd Black by No. 48A760. Sure no money. Pay 3L9. and postage on arrival. Men’s F our- Buckle All Rubber Arctics $273 State Size. Unler (wick. Guaranteed best quality all rub- . bcr 4—bui-klc hi- soles and cut artiu for men. Marlo “3th uOuUJc upon reinforced seams. Show r'xdudiug tongue. Furnished in men's