m’,-A-+rr:;qv .f.—-....—— &. I. “A .—





 





129" "‘4





‘are misc: Canada thistles in it.





@7701”; “ff/WI





 





The Only Weekly -Agricultural, HOrticultural and Live Stock Journal in the State.





VOL. cxxxn.‘ No. 9.}

Whole :N‘ohbor we.





.L' FARM NOTES.





 





.\ ‘





' i_ Bldgithand of Canada Thlstles.





LI hays affleld of clay loam that has'

' and theer





been . in flats .for four years,

I DO you

think that summer fallowing would kill

the thistles. ‘so that I could sow it to

Wheat and seed to clover? Give me your





idea of getting. rid of'thistles. This is

on a farm I bot last fall. . .

Macomb Co. P. V,





Without question the best way to rid

this land of Canada thistles would be to

summer fallow it‘as proposed

inquiry. It should be plowed as soon as

the thistles have gotten a geod start in

the spring and then cultivated at least

once a week thruout the summer, using





thistle 'sweeps in the place of shovels.





on the cultivator so as to be certain of

destroying every new shoot as soon as it

reaches the surfaceuof. the ground. By

plowing eanly enough moisture will be

retained thruout the season to encourage

the rapid growth of these sprouts, which

is essential to the thoro eradication of

the thistles. No plant can survive a

single season if it is not allowed to pro-

duce leaves, ‘which are as essential to

its life "as are the roots from which they

spring. Where the land is very dry from

the effect of drought,‘the plants may

remainC practically dormant for a consid-

erable time without any leaf development,

and yet make a vigorous growth when con-

ditions again becomefavo‘rable, but this

is impossible when conditions favor the

continued growth of sprouts "from the

roots, as would be the case in the sum-

mer fallow. Of course, there .may be

seeds in the ground and probably are,

that are buried so deeply that they Will

riot germinate, and these will remain to

be reckoned with in future years. This

is an added reason for allowing the

thistleszto get well started before plowing

the summer fallow, as many of the seeds

n'ear the'surface will then germinate be-

fore the field is plowed. ' In this way a

pretty thoro job of eradicating the pest





may be done, so there will be little can;





ger of having thistles in the succeeding

hay crop or any considerable number of

plants left to contend with in future

crops grown upon this field. Thoro work

is, however, necessary to success with

this plan, as with any other method by

which 't'h-istles may be eradicated.



While this would undoubtedly be the

best plan of eradicating thistles in this

case, where the land has been so contin—

uously cropped with oats, it is not at all

certain that it would be the most eco—

no-micalplan in every case. This land will

be improved in its available plant food

content by the summer fallowing process,

and the succeeding crop of wheat and

stand of clever will show the effect of the

thoro tillage of the summer fallow. But

in case -it is necessary to break up the





crop rotation in order to follow this plan





it is doubtful whether that course would

be advisable. Thistles can be eradicated

in any cultivated crop' provided it is fre-

quently gone over with a hoe to cut the

plants out of the hills as they start,

altho this method will be most success-

ful as well as more economical With root

crops that require hand hoeing, as the

chances are far better that thoro hand

work will be done in such crops and less

extra labor will be required in their

eradication. ‘



But even in the oat crop or the hay

crop the fight against this pest and oth-

ers of a similar nature, including mus-

tard, should not be abandoned. Modern

methods of spraying with sulfate of cop—

per, and in recent years with sulfate of





iron, at just the right time in the growth‘





of these weeds, has given excellent re-

sults, where the spraying has been done

on oat or clover fields. By this method





in this





DETROIT, Mica. SATURDAY. FEBRUARY 27. 1909.





 





branch of general farming

Renovation of Fruit Trees.

many from. which the American





.......





 





 





iA‘FEw LEADINGARTIQLES on THE WEEK.





“Some Thots On Alfalfa.—The friends 'of. this forage crop who have succeeded





with it in» Michigan are annually growing in'number .; ............ .. ..... 214

Managing a Small Farm.—The details of management by which a small .

farmer'gets a satisfactory income with‘a'_mini-mum of labor ..... ..215





Some Potato Questions.—Details of Fertilizatibnjand cultivation that are ~

important in securing the best returns from this important cash ‘crop.—. .216





Feeders’ Problems—Needed preparation ‘for‘ the lambing season' which -

should not be neglected by the flock master or shepherd ............. 217



Artichokes as a Hog Ration—This generally' neglected root crop may be

profitably utilized as an aid tojprofitable pork production ............... 219



25th Annual Meeting Michigan Dairyman’s' Association—Report of the meet-

ing held at Grand Rapids, February 17-19 inclusive ................... 222





The Fertility of the Dairy Farm.—With up-to-date methods employed, dairy

farming will build up the fertility of the soil faster than any other





A description of

grower may profit





.. ......... .. ................... 225





methods employed in Ger-





 





 





 





the weeds are destroyed or greatly re-

tarded without noticeable injury to the

crop. The tendency to let these WBBdS

spread unchecked in many neighborhoods

is to be deplored. It «is much easier to

keep them off our farms than it is to

eradicate them after they are once es-

tablished, but this inquirer is to be com-

mended for rtaking'up the fight on this

recently purchased farm. Perseverance

will bring success, but the hardest part

of the.fight will be to prevent other

farmers in the neighborhood from ailow-





 





rate of about four pounds per acre, seed-

ing to clover at once and covering seed

with a light harrow or weeder. The rape

makes excellent sheep pasture during

midsummer, when the grass pastures are

usually bare. It also makes a good hog

pasture and does very well for young'

cattle, provided some cats are] sown

with it, and provided sufficient care is

taken in getting them accustomed to this

succulent feed, as it is liable to cause

hoven or bloat. Our experience with this

forage plant has led us to believe that it





I





 





Selected Heads of Barley.——A Good Start Toward impr0vement by Selection.





ing the thistles to seed and thus make

the fight a continuous one. At least this

is often the case in many neighborhoods.





Seeding Corn Stubble with Pasture Crop.





I wish to seed 20 acres of clean corn

stubble in the spring without plowing it.

How would you prepare the ground and

what would you sow with the clover for

pasture? Would you advise sowing clover

in the wheat this spring? Also. as the

drought of last fall killed most of my

clover, what would you advise sowing

as a substitute for hay, excluding millet,

on sandy loam soil.



Cass Cox J. H. GEORGE.

.The writer has seeded both corn

stubble and potato ground successfully

with dwarf Essex rape, used as a forage

crop, many times in recent years. His

method is to cultivate and harrow the

ground thoroly, to prepare a good seed

bed, and sow the rape broadcast at the





as a catch crop to be sown





is too much neglected by Michigan farm-

ers, especially those who maintain shccp

upon their farms. The seed is inexpen-

sive and the forage is very valuable for

sheep. It can also be successfully used

in the corn

at the last cultivation, with oats to make

pasture after the grain crop is harvested

and to utilize land that cannot be de-

voted to the purpose intended for any

reason. In fact, we know of no other

forage crop which compares with it where

it is desired to seed the land to clover

and at the'same time get a maximum of

pasture from it the same season.



The sowing of clover in wheat this

spring, or in fact any spring, is hardly

a debatable question. Certainly we

would advise it. This is one of the great-

est advantages of using wheat in the





75 CENTS A YEAR

“.50 THREE YEARS





crop rotation. No opportunity.‘ to seed

the land to clover without loss‘bg‘; time

or additional expense, as it may be done

in the wheat crop, should be neglected,

no matter how high.in price the seed '

may be, and in a season of cheap seed

like the present this too common excuse-

for neglecting to ‘get clover in the crop 5

rotation as often’ as possible cannot be

’made. This is a case where failures

should never be allowed to lead to dis-

couragement. We must grow clover if

we would maintain the fertility of our

soils and assure a future profit in their

cultivation. If our soils are already so

far depicted that we cannot get a seed-

ing of clover with grain crops we must

sow it alone, without a nurse crop on a

well prepared seed bed. Clover we must

have at any cost, and no favorable oppor-

tunity to get it should be neglected.



Peas and oats are the best substitutes

for clover Where the latter is not avail-

able for hay, on soils that are adapted

to peas. This crop should be sown as

early in the spring as possible and if‘

out at the right time will make an excel—

lent substitute for clover hay. A larger

area may be planted to corn, and with

proper cultural methods millet may be

utilized to add to the available forage

supply for the coming winter. But these

substitutes should be used only as neces-

sary in the event of failure with the

clover seeding, as they will not replace

the latter crop as a soil renovator and

improver,’ nor displace it with profit as

a forage crop.





Sugar Beets in the Crop Rotation.



I have a six—acre field of clay loam

that was in sugar beets, last year. I had

thot of putting it into beans this year as

there is quite a lot of quack grass in it

but some have told me that beans will

not do well after sugar beets. What would

you adwse, beans or corn as I want to

keep after the quack grass?



Lapecr Co. A. H. M.



'Probably the cheapest way to clear this

field of quack grass would be to summer

fallow it and sow it to wheat next fall.

Those who have tried growing corn after

sugar beets practically agree that it is

not a judicious rotation since the corn

does not seem to do particularly well no

matter if the soil is in a high state of fer-

tility. This is explained by scientists on

the theory that sugar beets in common

with other roots have a toxic effect on

the soil which is unfavorable to the

growth of some plants. Beans being a.

legulminous crop would doubtless be the

better crop to use in the rotation after

sugar beets but the labor of killing the

quack grass in any cultivated crops would

be as great as it would have been to have

dcsiroycd it in the sugar beets and the

probability is that the job would not be

done thoroly enough so that you would

become entirely rid of it. Then the labor

of destroying it by summer fallowing

would be so much less than a cultivated

crop, where hociug would be necessary,

that this mcihod would probably be the

more economical when the increased yield

of wheat which could be depended upon

by this method is taken into considera-

tion.



Seeding Alfalfa with Wheat.



Would it be advisable to seed alfalfa

with wheat as a nurse crop? At what

time should the seed be sown? Would it

insure a better stand of alfalfa to run

over the ground with a harrow after seed-

ing, or would this injure the wheat plant?

W'ould the roots of alfalfa fill the tile

drains? Would any particular effects fol-

low the feeding of alfalfa to horses?



Monroe Co. B. G. V.





As has often been noted in these col-

umns it does not seem practicable to seed

alfalfa with a nurse crop of any kind

in Michigan altho instances are quite

plentiful where good seedings have been

gotten in oats or in standing corn. It

would be wholly impracticable, bewever,

to sow alfalfa in wheat under average
214 (2)'





conditions. Of, course, , in an especially

favorable season a good stand might be

secured. It is a good plan, however, and

one which is being followed by many

farmers who are looking forward to the

time when alfalfa may be made a per-

manent forage crop upon their farms to

sow a few pounds of alfalfa with the

clover for the purpose of getting the soil

inoculated with the nitrifying bacteria.

peculiar to the alfalfa plant in a natural

way. The alfalfa will succeed with the

nitrogen stored up by the bacteria in the

clover plant, and as some bacteria will

be present on the seed or lithe soil, it

will gradually become dist ted over

the field. We have known of several in-

stances where alfalfa has been sown

upon land previously treated in this way,

where good stands have been secured

without trouble or without artificial in-

oculation of any kind. By sowing, say

two pounds per acre with the clover seed

in the wheat, this desirable result might

easily be secured, otherwise it seems

necessary in most localities to inoculate

the soil or seed with the proper bacteria

to insure its success in alfalfa. colture.

The best method of growing the plant is

to sow on a well prepared seed bed where

weather conditions favor a quick germi-

nation and rapid growth seeding at the

rate of 15 pounds per acre without a

nurse crop.



Alfalfa can be used as a horse feed

without ill effects, provided judgment is

used in feeding it.



Seeding Clover In Rape.





I have 20 acres of sandy land that I

would like to seed to clover with rape.

The land was in corn last year. Would

it be better to plow the ground or culti—

vate it? Would it hurt the clover to

pasture the rape with cattle? Can flax

be successfully grown in Michigan and

what is a fair yield per acre? What kind

of soil is best adapted to flax and how

much seed is required per acre?



Montcalm CO. SUBSCRIBER.





If the corn ground is clean and fairly

free from weeds, it would be just as well

to cultivate and harrow it thoroly to make

a good seed bed and sow the rape and

clover without plowing. It will not in-

jure your chances of getting a seeding

materially to pasture the rape with cattle

but where it is used for that purpose,

care should be exercised not to turn the

cattle in when there is a heavy dew or,

in fact, make an abrupt change of feed

to rape from other pasture, as it is likely

to Cause hoven, or bloat, in cattle. In

fact, cattle should not be confined upon

rape pasture but should have access to

other feeds which should preferably be

sown with it unless grass pasture will be

available in connection with it. Oats and

a little millet may be profitably used in

this connection. Rape is pre-eminently

a sheep pasture and is very good forage

for hogs and may be utilized for young

cattle as above described.



Flax Culture in Michigan.



There is considerable flax grown in

Michigan, mostly for the fibre. A moist,

deep, strong, loam soil well drained is the

best, both for fibre and seed production.

Good corn land will be satisfactory land

for flax. The soil should be especially

well prepared for this crop as it requires

plant food in a readily available form to

make a profitable crop. Flax seed is

sown in the spring as soon as the weather

settles and the ground begins to warm

up. When grown for seed, from a half

bushel to three peeks are sown per acre.

“’here fibre is the crop desired, from

one and one-half to two bushels are sown

per acre. This thicker sowing prevents

.‘l branching of the. stems and produces a

better quality of the fibre. Where grown

for seed the yield will vary from eight to

fifteen bushels per acre. Where grown

for fibre, of course, the variation in yield

will be considerable depending upon the

season and soil.





DISK H'ARRow FOR NEW LAND.





 





Vl'e are thinking of purchasing a disk

lun‘row and wish the experience of one

who has used both long and short tongue.

\l'c have about two acres of new land

to clear and fit for a crop, land rather

stony. and roots not well rotted. Was

thinking some of potatoes, but all con-

sidered, would it not be the cheapest and

better plan to clean off the brush and

hricrs nicely and disk in oats. Oats, we

know. are adapted to new land and

would cost much less in labor, and at

the same time would leave the land in

better condition to seed to clover. Our

idea being to get this land into meadow

with the least possible cost in labor.

Now what do you say in regard to the

matter as outlined here.



Kent C0. T. LAMBERTSON.





For our land which is practically free

from stones and roots, we prefer the

tongueless disk harrow to one with the

tongue, and we have tried both. It does

just as good work and it is easier on the





5 THE MICHIGANFA’RMER‘V, ,





horses because it does not jerk. them as

much as the tongue. How a tongueless

harrow would work in rather stony, rooty

ground, I cannot answer, but I believe

if your land is pretty stony and the roots

are near the surface, it will be a difficult

job to properly fit with a disk barrow,

because a disk barrow will bound out of

the ground when it strikes a stone that

is somewhat solid. If.there are many

roots in this new land I believe it would

be better to-flt it with a jumping shovel

plow if it is too much work to break it

with a. common breaking plow. I am

inclined to think it will be a difficult job

to get it in condition for oats if there are

lots of stones and roots unless you do

fit it in this way. If there are not too

many roots, I should certainly say, break

it with a. breaking plow, then you will

get some soil turned up so that you can

prepare a good seed bed either for pota-

toes or oats. Of-course, if you raise pota-

toes on this soil you won’t get it seeded

to clover as quickly as if you put on oats,

because you can seed the clover with the

oats. COLON C. LILLm.





 





SOME THOTS ON ALFALFA.





 





It is certainly interesting to hear what

men from different parts of the state and

of different experiences have to say

about the growing Of alfalfa. While at

the county farmers institute in Wexford

county I met a man who.was so san-

guinary regarding alfalfa that he could

not say too much for it and of the pros,-

pects for growing it in this state. He

was talking from experience, having

grown it continuously for nearly ten

years. Quite a quantity of seed was cut

Off his place the past year and you could

not make that man believe that alfalfa

was not to be the great forage crop for

Michigan in the near future. I have

a sample of the seed grown on his place

and it is of fair quality and seemingly

of splendid vitality. I also have a sample

of seed grown by another man in that

county and this is as fine as any I ever

saw. It certainly looks as the there is

not much question regarding growing it

in that region of the state at least. While

at Lansing recently another man was

very positive that it was not'going to

be possible to raise it except to a lim-

ited extent and under special conditions

and on special soils. We have ’a great

many Of these doubting Thomases in the

state, but nevertheless I am fully-satis-

. fied that the time is not far distant when

we will be growing alfalfa practically all

over the state. It is but a question of

time only when we will have the innocu-

lation for alfalfa so spread over the state

that it will not be any longer difficult to

get a stand that will be able to survive

the first winter after seeding, and if it

once does that it will stand the winters

thereafter under practically all conditions

save that of a heavy blanket. To this

end we should sow at least two pounds

of the seed to the acre whenever we are

seding to clover. I find that by so doing

that a large percent of the seed so sown

succeeds in surviving the first winter and

then the plants finally get the bacteria

developing on them and in that way in-

oculating the soil of the field. I am

satisfied that when so sown the clover

acts as a nurse for the alfalfa, feeding

it with its surplus nitrates the same as

it does with timothy when sown with it.

“'e. are told that we can grow more

timothy on a given area, when we have

clover grown with it, than we can if

there is no clover in it. for the reason

that the extra nitrogen furnished the soil

by the clover plant is so much extra

plant food that the timothy gets when

the clover is present. The same process

ought to obtain when alfalfa is grown

with clover and I am satisfied it does by

what little observation I have been able

to make along this line.



XVe know that a few years ago it was

impossible to get a stand of clover in

much Of the northern part of the state.

But now the crops they are growing on

even their lightest jack-pine lands are

way beyond anything we can produce in

the southern part of the state. We are

satisfied that the reason for this is that

the land has finally become innoculated

with the clover bacteria, so that now it

is practically a sure crop. This is the

way it is going to be wit‘ alfalfa thru-

out the state. We already know that it

will grow on practically any kind of soil

and that the Principal difficulty in, grow-

ing it is to keep it from getting wet

feet too- near the surface. We know by

experience during. the past season that

it will. grow in dry weather when prac-

tically everything else is standing still.





Last summer when the drought was, so.





severe, our alfalfa was growing right

along when all the other clovers and

grasses were’drying up and dying down.

leaving the fields almost pastureless. I

had the pleasure of cutting three crops

off a One-year-old seeding before Sep—

tember 1, when I could cut but one

crop off the clover. \



We have numerous farmers in different

parts of the state who are laying down

large parts of their farms to alfalfa, and

they find. that it is not a more difficult

proposition than getting a. clover seeding.

In view of these facts we should pay

no attention to the fellows that say we

cannot grow it successfully, for even now

while they are saying so there are others

who are doing it on practically every

kind of soil and in nearly, if not quite,

every county in the state. Remember,

that if at first you do not succeed try,

try again, and in the end you are sure

to come out on top. Get the soil in~

oculated as fast as possible and then

the story will be told.





Oakland Co. E. M. MOORE.





The soil of the experimental farm of

the Department Of Agriculture at Wash-

ington is an ordinary, not lover-produc-

tive bottom land. To determine the in--

fluence of one season’s treatment with

cowpeas on one area cowpeas were

turned under and another similar area

of like character was summer fallowed.





.In the autumn of 1906 rye was sown





upon these areas and at harvest time

one-half' acre was accurately measured

and harvested from each Of the plats.

The plat upon which cowpeas were grown

_the previous year gave a yield of rye at

the rate of 44 bushels to the acre, while

the area which was summer fallowed

yielded only'30 bushels. The cowpeas

increased the yield nearly 50 per cent.





FREE DEAFNESS CURE.



A remarkable Offer by one of the lead-

ing ear specialists in this country, who will

send two months’ medicine free to prove

his ability to cure Deafness, Head Noises

and Catarrh. Address Dr. G. M. ,Brana-

man, 102 East 12th St., Kansas City, Mo.





They Take All the Risk.



The Theo. Noel Company, of Chicago.

who offer to send a dollar package of

Vitae-Ore on 30 days trial to every reader

of this paper who is in ill health, make

an offer which should strike every think—

ing person as the right thing. They want

no pay unless Vitae-Ore really benefits

the health, which is different from doc-

tors, who must be paid even tho their

medicines do no good. Read the Vitae-

1Ore advertisement on last page of this

ssue.





The Largest Business In the World Calls

for Young Men.



The largest business in the world is

that of transportation—the carrying of

the earth’s inhabitants from one section

to another and the moving of freight and

supplies for its millions Of people from

the point of production to that of con-

sumptin. Any young man desiring to

associate himself with this great and

prosperous work can find no better time

to do it than the present and no more

certain .or rapid method of securing the

position than thru the National Railway

Training Association of Kansas City.

Missouri, which institution we heartily

recommend.





A 10 Year Roofing Guarant; Backed by

a Surety Co. Bond.





In the advertising columns of this pa-

per the United Roofing and Manufactur-

ing Co. are Offering to every purchaser

of 3-ply Congo Roofing a National Surety

Co. guarantee bond, which covers a pe-

riod of 10 years. This Company is one

of the largest Surety Companies in the

world, (capital and assets of about $2,-

000,000), and when they back a proposi-

tion there must be a great deal in it or

they would not have risked their reputa-

tion on something about which there

could be any question. The Congo people

are desirous of making this roofing the

most used in the world, and with their

usual foresight hit upon this excellent

plan of giving the buyer satisfaction as

well as increasing their sales. The bond

is a plain statement of what they can

and will do, and Offers such protection

that no prospective buyer can afford to

overlook. This bond means protection to

you. It isn’t necessary to buy the roof-

ing to learn the contents of this bond—-

which is another pleasant feature. By

writing to the United Roofing & Manu-

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be, glad to send you information regard-

ing same and sample free.





 





 





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There are many other advantages to

this new device. and the manufacturers

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details of this new device or any of their





FEB. 2.7. no???





 





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.41 ’A
FEB. ' 27, 1909.





MANAGING A‘SMALL FARM.





 





In a former article, I briefly gave some

of the methods which I employ in the

management of my farm, which is not





a very large one. Perhaps a more min-‘





ute description may be of some interest

to readers who have such farms. In the

first place I do not say, or even believe,

that my method is the best that can be

adopted, by any means. But taking ev-

erything into consideration, as regards

labor expended, as I stated in a former

article, my income is a very satisfactory

one. My farm is all fenced off into fields,

the largest of which contain nine acres

each. The soil is clay loam, and most

of the. fields are just rolling enough so

they are easily surface drained without

washing. My general rotation is about

as follows: First, I take a field that has

been pastured one season and cover this

with manure during the winter and early

spring. As soon as the grass starts in

the spring the sheep are turned into the

field where they remain until it is nearly

all plowed. After this field is plowed it

is fitted and planted to corn. In plowing

and doing most of my farm work I use

three medium sized horses. I go over all

the ground that is plowed each day with

a planker, which has a seat to ride on.

By using a planker in this way, the

moisture is retained and the soil is par-

tially pulverized, making it much easier

to fit afterward. For this reason I have

found a planker superior to a roller, and

much easier handled. In fitting a field

for corn I use tools on which I can ride,

and also use a marker on which I can

ride, so the job of fitting and marking

is a comparatively easy one. As I only

plant an average of eight acres of corn,

1 use a hand planter. As soon as the

corn is planted, the field is dragged with

a line-tooth steel, lever barrow, on which

I also have a seat fitted so as to ride,

making the job an easy ohe. Just as the

('Ol‘n is beginning “to come up it is har-

rowed again. The after-cultivation is

nearly all done with a two-horse riding

cultivator. When the corn is ready to

harvest, I hire a man to help, and cut

and shock it by hand which, on this small

area, is less expensive than to use a ma-

chine. After the corn has stood in the

shock about 10 days, I commence husky

rag, doing much of this work myself. By

i-ommencing thus early to husk, I am

able to get the stalks into the barn before

they are much weather-beaten, so they

make very palatable feed for the cows,

and they eat them up so clean there is

no waste to speak of. When the field is

«hured of corn in the fall, it is plowed

to a good depth, and the dead furrows

are opened up at each end, so the water

can run off freely. In the spring this field

is fitted early and sown to oats. As soon

as the oats are harvested, the field is

again plowed, and frequently harrowed,

especially as soon after every rain as

possible. By this method a fine seed bed

is formed for sowing the field to wheat,

which I usually do the first or second

week in September, depending on the

state of the weather. A small quantity

of timothy seed is sown with the wheat

in the fall, and in the spring about eight

pounds of clover seed to the acre. This

generally gives a good crop of hay the

next season, which is usually about three-

i'ourths clover. Son‘ietinies I mow the

same field twice but it is generally pas-

tured the second year, after which it is

manured and planted to corn. I have

found this rotation to work well on my

farm, and one that does not require as

much expenditure of labor as some rota-

lions that are practiced by my neighbors.





“’henever I wish to [ind out the cost

of any crop, I keep a, debit and credit

account with the field in which the crop

is grown. If the farmer has any boys,

it is a good idea to get them interested

in this work. It pays to have definite

plans laid out for doing the various kinds

of farm work. This saves much time

and often many steps. And by such

planning the small farmer can keep ahead

and do more of the farm work himself,

and with greater ease, so as not to make

a drudge of himself. The small farmer

cannot depend too much on hired help, if

he wishes to come out ahead at the end

of the year.





Ottawa Co. JOHN JACKSON.





 





MAKING MAPLE SUGAR AND

SYRUP.





 





At this season a good many farmers

are giving more or less attention to the

production of maple syrup and sugar.

Coming at a period when but little farm

work can be done it is looked upon as 3.





THE MICHIGANFARMER. ' o) 215





remunerative adjunct to other farming

industries. The process of manufacture

was first practiced by the Indians in Ver-

mont and learned from them by the

early settlers, and it was due to the agri-

cultural authoritics of that state, that

between the years 1896 and 1904 a re-

search on maple sugar was conducted

that was the most complete study of the

subject yet made.



Tapping is done from the middle of

February to late in March when the nights

are frosty and the days warm and sunny,

the season lasting well into April. This

operation is best performed with a %

to 5/g—inch bit and care should be taken

to free the hole from shavings and bor-

ings. The larger the hole the more sap

there will be for a time, at least, but

usually it is desirable not to wound the

tree more than is absolutely necessary.

Those under 25 years old are seldom

tapped as the yield is too small to pay;

but once a tree is tapped the process may

be continued annually for 40 years with-

out any harm to the tree, provided, of

course, the foregoing‘method is followed.



Generally there are 10 or 15 good runs

of sap during a season. The duration of

the flow depends on weather conditions,

warm days and frosty nights being the

idea]. A pound of sugar from each pail

of sap is the usual amount, and is aimply

maintained in practice. The total sugar

content of a tree carrying 135 gallons

of 3 per cent sugar is approximately 35

pounds. _



On account of its purity and freedom

from extraneous matter the process of

obtaining sugar from maple sap is ex-

tremely osimp'le. As the buckets arei

filled the contents are emptied into a

tank from which the sap is led to the

evaporator. There is a large iron pan

from 10 to 18 feet long, 4 to 5 feet wide,

and 6 to 8 inches .lcep, divided by par-

titions so that the sap admitted by a tap

regulated by a float, takes a devious

course before it reaches the far end. As

it boils the surface is skirmmed from time

to time by means of shallow tin skim—

ers. The incoming sap makes a continuous

current thruout the evaporator, and by

the time it reaches the outlet is a more

or less thick syrup, which, While hot is

passed thru a felt strainer. If required

in this form it should be poured at once

into perfectly clean tins and sealed in

order to keep out the air. By evaporating

to a density of 1.325, or 11 pounds of

sugar to the gallon,-about the right

strength will be secured and it will not

granulate under ordinary conditions. The

strength to boil can be gauged by a ther-

mometer. When the thin sap begins to

boil its temperature is about 213 degs.

F., and as it boils down and becomes

thicker the temperature at which it boils

rises gradually until it reaches from 235

degs. F. 90 per cent polariscope, and

230 F. would test 80 per cent, and at 253

degs. F. 90 per cent polariscope, and

each degree over this temperature ap-

proximately one per cent of sugar.



If sugar is desired, a pan smaller than

the evaporator is used in which to boil

the syrup to a concentration that will

crystalize into sugar on cooling. Various

methods are adopted to determine when

the sugaring point has been reached.

The usual test, however, is to pour a.

little of the syrup on to snow when the

finished product should give a stringy or

'hairy appearance. The pan is then re-

movcd from the fire, the mass stirred oi

dipped until graining begins and trans-

ferred to tubs or other receptacles to

harden:





Ontario, Can. J. H. McKENNY.





 





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celebrated American Manure Spreaders.

This company has been Illlflnufélf‘tlll‘ing

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They have :made. a study of and have

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Company does business direct with the

pe0ple who use their Spreaders. Buying

direct from the factory, you are enabled

to explain your needs much more clearly

and get them supplied much more satis-

factorily than it would be possible for

you to do by buying thru a dealer. We

can assure every one of our subscribers,





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tr01t, Michigan.





 





 





 





Farmer J Ones Talks

On Wire Fence

Buying





   





 

 

 





 

 





 





No. 2---Economy in

Fence Buying





HETHER a fence is economi-



\X/ cal or not depends on its



lasting qualities.

It is well known that I am in

favor of all big wires. I have

the best of reasons for it.



But the kind of wire (I

mean the way it is made) is

a. great deal more important

than most people think.



The only kind of wire I

would have in a fence is the

kind that is drawn from Open

Hearth Steel.



That IS wire that is solid



and tough.

It doesn’t have the pores and it

doesn’t have anything like the sulphur

and impurities in it that ordinary

wires have.



Right here is the point. Porous

wires are quickest to rust. And rust

is the great thing you have to fight

against in wire fence.



Wire made from steel with sul-

phur and impurities left in it in the

manufacture do notmake good fence for the very same reason. Sulphur

and other impurities invite rust. And they enable the rust to eat up the

wire a good deal more quickly when it has got started.



What I want and what every fence buyer ought to demand is a wire

that has some chance for its life against the elements.



It seems like a foolish thing to say, but I want to suggest to fence

buyers that they can’t take their fences in out of the weather.



Wire that is pure steel, without pores to fill with impurities and be-

come moist within, is tough and strong and it is long-lived.



You can see, if you are posted on fence, why I am such a strong

advocate of the Empire All No. 9 Wire Fence.



First, it is a ready made fence of all big wires. Stretches up straight

and plumb. No weaving or making over in the field.



" Second, the wires are drawn from Open Hearth Steel. That means

that they are tough and solid and are pure steel. Rust—the deadliest

enemy of wire fence—has the least possible chance to work on them.



These things taken with two other points—the heavy galvanizing

and the way it is woven together so it can’t give or slip—make this

_Empire All N o. 9 Fence, in my judgment, the best wire fence in the world.



I look at it this way:



It costs me no more for labor to put up a good. 'fence than a poor

one. It costs the same for posts, for post~hole digging and post setting.

It really costs less because fewer posts are required. It costs the same

for stretching and nailing up the fence.



Since it costs as much or more to put up the poor

fence as the good one and—



Since by spending just a few cents more per rod

I can lengthen out the life of my fence so many years,

I figure I am using good judgment and really

putting money by when I buy the good fence in-

stead of the poor one.



And this helps some: I buy Empire All No. 9

Wire Fence direct from the factory at factory



prices.



You can do the same. Send your

order to the makers, the Bond Steel Post



Company, 18 Maumee St., Adrian, Mich.





   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

   





Farmer Jones





 

 





 





 

   





.' It is hard to appreciate the strength and





   





solidity of



v THE FROST WIRE FENCE

unless you have seen a string of it. already erected.

- The Frost is the original Coiled Spring Wire Fence, made

- from Heavy High Carbon Steel Wire and warranted to =





 

   

   

   





last; a lifetime. The only fence that provides for a uni-



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only fence which successfully resists the action of heat;

and cold. Factory woven and Field erected. Best and



cheapest fence made. Free catalog describing

Fences and Gates sent; on request.





THE FROST WIRE FENCE co.

DEPT. c, CLEVELAND.0HIO





   

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





   





GET OUR FREE SAMPLE which we send for inspection. Test it for

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5 A M PL E F' I? E E





   

   

 





 





' ’4 ULL moor

AEQPIGJ'IGI'IT





 





. mt"?
216 (4)





SOME POTATO QUESTIONS.





 





1st. In putting fertilizer on potato

land which is best where heavy clover is

to be plowed under; to sow fertilizer

broadcast and barrow it in, or sow it

in the drills with the potatoes? 2—l'._)o

you use an automatic power planter m

planting your potatoes? 3—Do you think

the seed potato cutter is a practical ma-

chine? 4—Would you consider it safe to

plant seed potatoes that were somewhat

scabby if they were treated for scab be-

fore planting? 5—470 you think the aver-

age commercial fertilizer contains enough

potash for sandy soils? 6—The soil here

is quite sandy and has not had best of

treatment for many years past; would

you consider the following rotation-of

crops on such a farm a good rotation

where one does not care to raise oats,

only the crops named being desired? The

first year, hay; second year, cover with

manure and plant to corn, rye to be

sowed in corn for harvesting; third year,

rye being seeded to clover and this clover

being plowed under for potatoes the

fourth year: potato ground to be sowed

to rye for harvesting the fifth year, said

rye to be seeded to clover for hay the

following year which is the first year of

the rotation. I have five fields of nearly

the same size and I have thot the above

would be a good rotation for them'as it

Tontains two Clover seedings in a five

year rotation. May possibly use some fer-

tilizer for the potatoes as I believe the

soil is deficient in potash. ‘The balance

of farm is devoted to hog raising and

pasture fields. Would you consider it

folly to sow clover seed that contained

some sorrel seed, said clover seeding to

be plowed up for potatoes in June the

next year? ,



Hillsdale Co.__ L. W.





Both from actual experience and obser-

vation I would recommend the nee of

fertilizer for potatoes, and that the fer-

tilizer be applied broadcast and thoroly

cultivated into the soil before the pota-

toes are planted. I am not an advocate

of putting the fertilizer in the row with

the potato seed. Fertilizer should be

evenly and thoroly distributed thru the

soil where the roots of the plant will get

it as they grow. The proper distribution

of fertilizer thru the soil is a very im-

portant factor in getting results. Then

again, unless one uses quite heavy appli—

cations of fertilizer for potatoes, I do not

believe he will get the results he expects.

Two hundred to 300 lbs. of commercial

fertilizer will give good results on cereals,

like wheat and cats, but my experience

and observation is that this amount of

commercial fertilizer on potatoes does not

amount to much. The potato plant is one

that requires an abundance 01 available

plant food. It seems to be a sort of a

lazy plant. It will appropriate plant food

and get fat if there is plenty of plant

food available and close at hand, but it

will not make much of an effort to get

plant food. Rye, for instance, is a plant

that will hustle after the plant food in

the soil. You don’t have to be so par—

ticular about: having a large quantity of

available plant food. There are many

other plants the same way, but the po—

fato plant is different. It must have

plenty of available plant food at hand.

In other words, a farmer must apply

more plant food to get a good crop of

potatoes than the plant will use. He

must figure on having enough plant food

so that the plant will not have to con-

sume all of it. or anywhere near all of

it, and then he will plan on the next

crop in the rotation taking up more of

this food. Unless he follows the potato

plant with sugar beets, I should figure

that he had used sufficient fertilizer on

the potato so that the next crop following

in the rotation would need no commercial

fertilizers at all. If oats, or rye, or

wheat, follow the potatoes, I would put

sufficient fertilizer on potatoes so that

there would have to be none added for

the following crops. Some of the best

potato growers in the state of Maine use

as much as 1,500 to 1,800 lbs. of good

commercial fertilizer per acre, on their

potatoes. They seed their potato land

the next year to cats which is seeded to

clover and they get a heavy yield of oats,

and a magnificent growth of clover, and

this helps to keep the land in proper

condition. The New Jersey and Long

Island of Jersey potato grower uses more

tilizer for potatoes than this, and the

Island of Jersey potatoe grower uses more

yet and all of them get profitable crops,

much more so than we do in Michigan.

The average yield of potatoes in Michigan

is gradually growing less. It has got

down now to something like 75 bushels

per acre of potatoes. And it largely

comes from the fact that the pots‘ ‘s

have been depleted of their natural fer-

tility and we do not supply sufficient

plant food to get maximum yields.



2. I do not use a horse planter for

potatoes and probably never shall grow

a large enough acreage of potatoes to

warrant purchasing such a tool. '



3. I would prefer cutting the potatoes

by hand because I like to know just about





-tainly would be better tohave them ab-





»four to ten per cent potash would be





THE ‘MICHIGAN FARM





the number of ’eyes on the seed.

4. While We do sometimes plant seed

potatoes that show a. little scab, it cer-





solutely free from scab, and then they

should also be treated for this disease.

.We cannot take too much pains in trying

to overcome this fungous growth.



5. I do not know Just what L. W.

'means 'by the average commercial fer-

tilizer. For instance, it might be stated

that there are two different kinds of

formula of commercial fertilizer for dif-

ferent crops. First there is a formula

for cereals and grass. This would not

contain as much potash as one for pota-

toes and root crops. Now, my opinion

is that the average fertilizer fer potatoes

and root crops contains sufficient potash.

As a matter of fact, my own personal

opinion is, and this comes largely from

my own experience on my own farm, that

the average potato fertilizer contains

more potash than is needed. If I had

a lighter soil, I might change my mind

in this respect. but I should consider that

a potato fertilizer that contains from





sufficient for any kind of soil, using the

4 per cent potash on the clay loams, and

the 10 per cent potash on the lighter





ER. '





,; Made of wire that is '



all life and strength —— wire

that stretches true and tight

and yields just enough under impact

to give back every jolt and jam it

receives. \





Made of materials selected and tested

in all the Stages from our own mines,





 

   

   

   





 





 





 





 





sands. For potatoes I would recommend

using at least 1,000 pounds per acre,

thoroly cultivated into the soil and I be-

lieve you would get more profit out of

the use of fertilizer to use this amount,

than you would to use 150 to 200 lbs.,





because that amount on a potato crop 1:





consider practically thrown away. Of

course, you will get the benefit of it in

the next crop, but you will get very little

benefit in the potato crop.



6. Taking into consideration that L.

W. has five fields of nearly equal area

with about the same character of soil,

I am inclined to think that he has stud‘





and yet he hasnt given potatoes, which

I take is to be his leading cash crop,

such a very good place in the rotation.‘

It is too far from the manure. He ma-

nures clover sod for corn which is an

ideal condition for the corn, but the corn

is followed by rye which makes a splendid

place for the rye. This is seeded to June

clover and then the following June the

clover is plowed down for potatoes. Now

it is a little risky to plow down clover

in the month of June for potatoes. If

the season happens to be dry, there will

not be sufficient moisture to get a good

crop 0f potatoes. To be sure, one ought

to plow the potato ground early and cui-

tivate until time to plant. In this way

the moisture is preserved and you can

depend upon a, good crop even tho the

latter part of the season is dry. But

where the clover is allowed to pump all

of the moisture out of the soil until June,

and then it is plowed down, should there

be a dry summer, there will not be suffi-

cient moisture and it will be risky. And

since the potato crop is to be the cash

crop in the rotation, if this is not a good

crop, it would be rather critical. We

want the cash crop a good crop every

year, and we want to work to give that

the very best place. This young clover,

too, will not furnish so very much plant

food. It 'hasn't lived long enough to be

lllllt‘il of a nitrogen gathcrcr. Its roots

have not gone deeply into the subsoil as

they will where it stands longer and one

(-rop of hay taken. If you Could manure

this young clover during the winter, the

same as you did the clover stubble for

corn, it would be much better for the

potatoes. However, if you will plow the

young clover early in the spring, and

then make a heavy application of com-

corcial fertilizer, I think that you can

depend upon a good crop of potatoes

practically every year. If I could cover

clover to be plowed down for potatoes

with stable manure during the winter,

and then use fertilizer, I would like it

better. This would give the potatoes a

better chance. There is very little danger

in getting the land too rich, either in

humus or plant food, for a maximum

yield of potatoes. If the manure is spread

during the winter on the young clover,

I do not believe there will be any danger

of increasing the growth of scab on the

potatoes from using the manure. As a

matter of fact, it remains to be proven

that the use of stable manure in any

way produces scab. We must have the

disease in the ground, or else have the

manure itself inoeulated with the scab,

to have the manure in any way con-

tribute to its development.



7. Of course, I would rather have the

clover free from sorrel seed but if I could

not remove it, I would sow it. You can

easily get rid of the sorrel.



COLON C. LILLIE.





ied out a fairly good rotation of crops: and Skilled employes baCk 0‘ them, we





through our own blast furnaces and rolling

and wire mills, to the finished product. 'Our

employment of specially adapted metals is

of great importance in fence wire; a wire

that must be hard yet not brittle; stiff and springy yet

flexible enough for splicing-best and mest durable

fence material on earth. -





To obtain these and in addition apply a quality of gal-

vanizing that will effectually protect against weather

conditions, is a. triumph of the wiremaker’s art.



These are combined in the American and Ellwood

fences—the product of the greatest mines, steel

producing plants and wire mills in the world.

And with these good facilities and the old





   

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





i

1





maintain the highest standard of ex-

cellence possible for human skill '

and ingenuity to produce.





Dealers everywhere, carry-

ing styles adapted to every

purpose. See them.





American Steel

. a Wire (30.

Chionfio

New York

Denver



Sun





‘ Frnnoim





 





       





life‘s of.





fence has been sold» .





l‘ \b ‘-

.Q/

to and erected b





e IKE)

Mr. H. G. E-chenc

of Del hi, lndiana.

Mr. Sc suck is one

of a num her. It

‘ would be hard to dis-





‘ ~— —. . , «

pute Anthony Pence sn-





5 periority when one

man in one community can erect one make of fence which if strung

E in anti-night. line would practically cover the distance from the An- /

{ thong factory no 111:. Be enck’n Anthony Agency. ‘

T 0 best material that; can be bong t enters into the con-

! “motion of Anthony Fence and letters from a cute show

‘ that. dozens 0 them are selling more Anthony ence than

any other fence. In some cases selling more Anthony

Fence t all other fences and in other cases selling

‘ Anthony Fence to the exclusion of all other fences.

1 It doesn't. take an agent long to learn that Anthony

5 Fence is easy to oel , and that ceilings 00d fence

doesn’t drive his customers to com eti ors.

t We have printed matter that. tel all about ‘

i Anthony Fence, about the Anthtfl Knot with

which i is tied. about the mater _ that goes

. into it and about the careful way in which

it is manufactured. Allthis is free and

we want you to have it. Improved

mechanism handles Anthony wire





 





 





52?





Read What

Mr. Schenck says





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





. Del hi, Ind., Dec. 1908

The Anthony Fence 0., Tecumseh, ich.

Gentlemen:—

I am acontractor and builder of fencing



with several years’ experience. My territory

in Carroll Count on the Wabash River is more

flf lens brgken atnh hilly,ltl)ut tge Antigony Fences



’ur a; the “vanizj w go w ere o era a am. can 0 erec

:éiillc%uthixil€hriiiy Fenceg is more?" \ straight and perfectl over any hill or down steep

nearly rustleus than any other \ \ inclines. The stiff upr ght stays old the fence to the

fence. Don’t neglect to write DJOperl‘ wing and Igleglfiteml witxipes are t;of efvenl ilength

tail. \ In 0 us one on ma n one 0 mos per eo ences



no for partlcnlata in do \ or uneg'en land that I know of. or have ever built.



\ urlng the not. three years I have sold and erected

more than thirty t ousand rods of Anthony Fence, and to my

knowled e, I have not; one dissatisfied customer in my territory.



As long as can get the Anthony Fence I will use no other as

meets w th all the requirements of my business. For myself, I can-

not speak too hi lily of the Anthony Fence Company’s method of

doing business w th the local dealers, nor of the hlilgh-class product

they manufacture. Yours very truly. . G. Schenck



Let us know on a postal card who and where you are, and we '

will mail FREE, 9. same [sample of Anthony Fence which shows the

Ant‘lininfl Knot. as it is. The sooner you write, tne sooner you get it— i

sen o ay.





THE ANTHONY .FENCE (30..





19 Michigan St" Tecumseh. Michigan. D. 8. A. _~ I ,





 





 





 

 

   





 





 

 





 





, ' /

- 16m- - [AWN FENCE

_ m . ..... m designs. Chen M

." p'a' It}?! ’31.): {005‘ 3: page Caulgguo

.,;..' swan '|»ju1~j~1~l graham: sang:

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The only abso-

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M. M. S. Poultry Fence Save: 50%

We make the most complete line of Field, Hog.

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for our new catalogue.



DOKALB FENCE co., - DOKALB, ILL.



Southwestern Office and Warehouse. Khulna City, Mo.





 





 





48 ll”??? 29c





Boot high carbon coiled steel

wire. ltlmy to stretch over

hill» and hollows. FREE

Cillflll wit-nous, tools. Buy

from iwwry at wholesale

prices. Write today to Box 68

new. File! 00., MUSEUM.“





 





 





 





 





 





   





,

g

'l
haw?“ ,~





 





.THE MICHIGAN FARMER.‘





FEB. 27, 1909.





 





during the “titer seagon it'will be found

easy to save at least one lamb for prac- .

tically'every ewe in the flock. Substitu- Any farmer who desires to supply

, tions may sometimes be made but only himself and family with a regular supply

at the expense of a. good deal of labor of fresh meat during the summer season,

and effort, much more than would have should join with his neighbors in organ-

been required to have. saved the lamb in izing a beef ring. To those who may not

Care of Ewes and Lambs. the first place. . be familiar with this practice, a brief

As lambing time approaches, every One thing which should not be neg- explanation of the modus operandi may

careful flock master ShOUld make every lected is a temporary supply of food for be of interest.

provision for care for the ewes and the young lambs dropped by ewes which The first step is to get sixteen persons

young. lambs during this critical period. are not good milkers. A fresh cow should sufficiently interested that they will be

The first essential is that the sheep shed be obtained for this purpose, if possible, willing to enter into the necessary con-

sllall be thoroly clean 01’ the accumulated but if this is not practicable a plentiful tract. This number is advisable, be-

manure and well-bedded With dry straw. supply 01’ milk should at least be at hand. cause the carcass can be more satisfac-

Presumably the ewes have had the free- It may be found necessary to modify torily divided into that many shares than

dom of the yard during the early months this milk somewhat, either by mixing it any other, altho no cast—iron rule need

of the winter and the necessary confine- with milk drawn from a good milking be made in that respect. In order that

ment to the shed or stable Will be sufl‘i-. ewe, by reducing it With water 01‘ by this form of co—operatlon should work

c‘iently hard on them if every precaution adding some laxitive and possibly a little harmoniously a. constitution and by-laws

is taken tonmake them as comfortable sugar. Plenty Of gOOd rubber nipples should be drawn up and the necessary

as possible. A quantity 01’ fermented should be at 'hand, with two or three ofi'icers appointed. The methods adopted

manure in the Shed Will give Off some bottles to which they are fitted in chance in managing these concerns are almost

poisonous gases Wthh will~make it dith‘ of need. In this connectionaword of cau~ as many as there are rings and are

cult or quite impossible to ventilate the tion may well be sounded, in that it is largely controlled by local conditions.

stable in a. manner Wthh Will be helpful absolutely necessary that the bottles and The system with which I aim best 'ac-

01' comfortable to the ewe during the nipples be kept clean and wholesome. quainted’ is about as follows; .

close confinement which will be found If the lambs are not to suffer from poiS- A butcher is appointed, who provide

necessary during the lambing season. onous infection due to the growth Of a suitable place for the killing, furnished

The best plan is to clean the shed Ollt unwholesome bacteria. in these utensils with a hook for each member, on which

thoroly. drawing the manure directly to they should be scalded thoroly at least each man’s share is to be hung, The

the field and Spreading it on sod ground once a day. which will obviate such animal is killed in the evening, and cut

intended for corn. Then by frequent trouble. up in the morning, each share being

bedding, the stable Will be dry, sweet and Another essential in the preparation weighed and ’hung upon its respective

clean at this all important time, thus for the bombing season which will pay hook before six o’clock. The hide, head,

lessening the danger from losses 0‘ very big interest on the investment is, heart and fat is returned to the owner

young lambs due to infection thru the to provide in one corner of the stable or of the animal who pays the butcher for

navel COl‘d during the fiI‘St days Of their shed, a lamb creep which will give the his services. Division is so made that

life. Also, preparations should be made young lambs access to a Section Of the each member receives a. boiling piece, a

to have the stable as warm as possible, stable into which the ewes cannot get. roast, and a piece of steak each week.

that is, free from draught If there are Then by providing a trof and first put- Every week the animal slaughtered is

openings thru into the hay mow, they ting some bran in it, the lambs will learn weighed and an accurate account kept

should be provided with doors of some to eat this very early in life. A little of the quality each man receives and

kind. In the writer’s stable we use later some ground oats from which the in case an inferior animal is furnished

some 01d binder canvasses tacked 0" hullshave been sifted Will add t0 the the owner has to accept a reduced val-

“ght frames WhiCh slide back and forth palatability‘ and nourishing quality of this nation according to a scale of prices de~

Flt the ceiling over'the end 0f the hay- ration. It will be a surprise to the {lock cided upon.

Chutes- If the King system 0f ventilation owner who has never tried this plan how In this connection it is the duty of the

is installed in the barn, perfect ventila- much of this grain will be consumed by secretary to act as valuator when the

“on Will be insured but if net, the Shel” the young lambs and how they Will grow butcher pronounces an animal to be below

herd Will have to “erase a gOOd deal 0‘ if given this supplementary feed in addi- the standard. He also furnishes to the

care in order to have. the air pure and tion to the milk they get from their dams members, tickets with numbers on, with

freSh hilt net toe 001d in the Sheep and the leaves of clover hay which they which they draw lots to decide the order

stable. This can be accomplished by Will pick With the ewes. in which they are to supply the animals.

opening a door or window on the wind- If the lamb is started right he will When the season is closed, he takes





ON ORGANIZING BEEFifilNGS.





YVVY‘YYVfYYV YVYYYVYYV

A . .





LIVE STOCK





AAAAAAMLAAAHAAAA AAA





FEEDERS’ EROBLg-MS.





 





YVVV





 





 





 

 





 

 





(ET-217





Send Us $ 1 8.50





, forthe ‘ ,



Martin Wizard . _;

Sheep S‘hgargng ;

Machine it our om s r





and Cutters



The MARTIN WIZARD is guaranteed

to shear any kind of fleece, of! ‘51}nyng

of sheep, under any and all conditions.

You are losing wool,-losing time and

losing money if you shear by hand or

with any other shearing machine than

HMARTIN WIZARD





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 





 





During the

p as t f e w





the lo 3 din S

'- 'Btste Pairs

a 11 over the

country. w e

s h o w e d the

sheepmen how

to et all the

woo from all

the sheep; how

to get the long-

est wool; how

to get the clean

lon fleece that





Send us

’l8‘o





WI RD h

Sheep Shem-in Machine with

Four Combs angd Cutters {51186: Igegétsgigig





condition after shearing; how to save time,

labor and money. We showed them that

the machine which docs all this under an

and all conditions, the machine that wxl

do it for on, is the Martin Wizard Sheep

Shearing achine.





Send us $18.50 today or ask for our

Sheep Shearing Circular No. 2429.





SEARSROEBUCKtne





 





 





 





Wa "a tried

to give satisfaction





   





 





word side of the stable which Will Permit generally grow right. The critical period from the butcher’s account the quality

a circulation of air in the stable without of his life is the early part of it and received by each, and presents to every

making a draught thru lt- Gates or every means WhiCh Will tend to make member a statement of this and the

temporary partitiOn should also be Dro- him more vigorous and thrifty should be weight of the animal furnished, together

vided, With which to make individual pens used at this time. The gains which will with the price per pound of all. If A’s

for the ewes and young lambs during be made by'young lambs with proper ani-mal weighs 400 pounds and die, during

the first days of their life. If a lamb is feed and care will be a surprise to the the season, received 425 pounds, he must

once well started he can take care or feeder who has never tried pusmng them pay for the extra 25 pounds at a certain

himself very successfully under almost from the start. The writer has weighed price agreed' upon, if all the beef has

every condition hilt at the start he needs many lambs that gained 5 and 6 pounds been up to the standard. If B furnishes

a better chance than is possible when a a week for weeks in succession. both an animal that is decided to be worth

dam is running loose in a large flock. before and after they and their dams five cents per pound, and that of all

If another stable is available into which were turned to grass. Two years ago the others is valued at six cents

the ewe can be put after the lambs are he had one lamb which showed evidence per pound, he is charged the latter

a few days old, it will provide needed of particular thrift right from the start. price for all moat received, except

room; at least, provision should be made which weighed 150 lbs. at five months of the cuts off his own animal which will





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





GOMBAULT’S

CAUSTIC BALSAM





A safe, speedy and

positive cure for





Curb, Splint, Sweeny, Ca d Hock,

Strained Tendons, Founder, ind Puffs,

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diseases or Parasites, Thrush, Diphtheria.

gemoves all Bunches from Horses-For

attle.





 





for temporary Dons as above noted- Pro- age. This. of course, is an extreme case be charged to him at five cents, and all

\‘iding there is more than one drinking but it is entirely possible to have good the other members will be charged at

fountain in the stable, SUCh pens should lambs of the mutton breeds weigh around the rate of five cents for B’s beef. If a

be constructed where access may be had 100 lbs. when they are taken up in the member receives less than the weight of

to the water at all times, otherwise, a fall. They require little feeding on grain the animal furnished he shall be paid

pail Of Wiltel‘ SllOIlld be kept in every to fit them for the market. for the amount he is deficient at the

such pen. Plenty of good feed should, While it is true that at this time lambs rate at which his animal was valued.

also, be pl'ovidod including little oilvmcal, will not bring quite the price that corn Canada. J. HUGH MCKENNEY,

preferably the pea size cake. a good sup- fed lambs will, yet for farmers outside ————s~———_.. 1

ply of bran, so-ulc roots to provide suc- the corn belt we believe this to be by far A RATION FOR HOGS.

culellcy in the ration, if possible, and the most profitable method. The only

some ground outs for use as noted later. way to make this early profit certain is I am fatteing some hogs _ eighteen

One lineof pl'cllurl'uliou for the lllmlling to give both ewes and lambs the best Elogishsgoogg' aS‘VI?;‘I-li(g,(leargt?§;11OEVIégrrfvitrfg

season which is too ollcll neglected by possible feed and care during and after bran, corn and roots, or corn and milk. l

flock owners is the careful lugging of the the lalmbing season. Muskegon Co. GEO- CONLEY- l

owes. This is host done by the owner or As above noted, the ewes should pre- Corn, skim milk and wheat middlings;

shepherd, if he is expert with the shears, ferably have some roots to provide suc- are as good feed for hogs as one can find:

but in any event should be done under culency in the ration. A few small po— anywhere. In fact, there iS nothing bet~§

his careful supervision. the safest way tatoes will answer this purpose admirably tor. lVltll these three feeds it is hot noc-

being to throw the ewe gently on her and can generally be obtained if they cssary to hll." tllnkagc, neither is it nec—

side, shear the locks of wool from the are not a. by-product of the farm. Care essary Ol‘ “(lVlS‘lhle to use cottonseed

leg and udder, then let her get up and should be taken not to feed the ewe too -mcal. Cottonseed meal is net COhSldel‘ed

throw her gently on the other side, re- liberal after the lambs are first dropped it good feed for hogs anyway. It has a

Ill‘iltll’lg the process. Careless handling and before they can assimilate a. large bad effect after they are fed for a C0n-,

of the ewe at his work is inexcusable quantity of milk but their feed should siderable length 0f time. Skim mlilk

and is likely to produce disastrous results be gradually increased and the ration is very l‘iCh in protein and When one has

ill some cases. All these preparations should be so made up as to be well llzll— tllilt it is not necessary to buy tankage’

being made, the Shepherd should be re- anced and contain plenty of milk producing to help balance up the ration. A very

licved of other doties to as great an ex- foods. Little corn, oats, bran and oil- gOOd ration can bex’made from skim milk

tent as possible during the lumping sea- meal will make an admirable ration when and COFn, feeding one Pound 0f 00m to

son because his time will be fully occu— fed in connection with roots and clover three pounds 0f Skim milk makes a good

pied even tho the flock be not a large hay and other bright feeds for roughage, balanced ration; but as long as Mr. Tilt

one. The farmer who has never given his has to buy the corn he might as well

If the ‘lambs are expected during the sheep any extra care should make an buy some middlings and then make a

cold weather of late February or March, experiment this year in this direction. slop out- of the 'mlddllllg‘s and skim milk.

the shepherd should plan to visit the If he will do this it is certain that the Pigs like it better than Skim—milk alone

stable late in the evening and early in benefits will be noted and that in future and it is better to feed. For the younger;

the morning, and during extremely cold years his ewes and lambs will receive pigs a feeding of slop and middlingsl

weather, at least once during the night. better care and better feed because the about what they Will eat UD clean With 21

This is not perhaps a desirable job, but better profit to be derived by this method little corn, Will make 8» Splendid growing

it will be found to pay large returns on will appeal to every sheep owner. And ration. Then for the larger hogs, if youi

the time and effort required. The ewe it is not at all improbable that a success- haven’t milk enough mix in a little watel-l

that looses her lamb and goes dry during ful test with the sheep upon the farm with the milk and the middlings and:

the summer must necessarily be an un- 'may result in starting similar work with make a good slop and feed what they Will

profitable member of the flock but if the other stock, thereby increasing eat up clean of this, ring also feed what

proper care. has been given the flock present profits materially. corn they Will eat up can. H083 thatl





 





l or hogs; three for horses and cattle.





Wm. Cooper & Nephews. 1 77 Illinois St.. Chicago





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





As A HUMAN REMEDY. for Rheu-

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is invaluable. . .



Every bottle of Caultlc Balsam sold is

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“I LLWRINCI-WILLIAIS COXPAN‘Y, Glenllnd, Ohio.





 





 





 





"Harw- ..





Patent applied for





prevents galls and sore .'

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Gooper’sWormTableis





A Oure Remedy for





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In Horses. Sheep, Cattle. Hogs

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The Newton Remedy 00.

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.- DEATH T0 tIIEdAVES





Gulrun so





 

 

 





 





   

   





l
I

.i

I





218 (61





are seven months old, ought to be fat-





tened and gotten into market and"‘the

sooner the better. I do not believe that

it will pay to grind the corn or even

shell it or cook it. Simply feed the corn

in the ear if "you have it. Feed this in

a good, clean, dry place and the pigs will

Lake care of the grinding and also the

cooking. Sometimes with‘old corn where

it gets exceedingly hard, if it’s very close

upon the cob, young pigs will have sore

teeth from eating it. but this year's corn

will have no such effect and the pigs cer—

tainly do like it from the cob better than

in any other way.’





THE IMPORTANCE OF SIZE IN DRAFT

HORSES.





 





In my previous articles on draft horses

and drafthorse raising which have ap-

peared in the Michigan Farmer, I have

always emphasized size. At times I have

thot that I said too much about this

phase of the matter. almost to the ex-

clusion of the matter of style and com

formation. I have said that 100 lbs. will

often make a difference of $25 in the sell-

ing price of an animal. I was not es-

pecially sure of it then, but now I

know it.



A short time ago I was in a section of

the state where the farmers make it

their business to put this extra one or

two hundred pounds on animals. They

do it with profit, with big profit. Just

today I visited a stable where there was

a. earload of drafters ready to be shipped

to New York. I never saw a finer lot

of horses. Every one of them was in per-

fect condition. Hardly a one weighed

less than 1,800 lbs. Many of them were

matched teams. They are so valuable

that they will be shipped t‘hru by ex-

Vpress. Nearly every horse in the load

will sell for around $300.



Every one of these horses have been

finished off by farmers. Carload upon

carload of thin western horses are gotten

in every fall by farmers. Nearly all of

these are of the very best quality and of

the best breeds. Grays and blacks seem

to predominate. Often one farmer will

put in thirty or more of the animals.

The favorite age seems to be four and

five years. Most of the animals weigh

1,500, 1,600 and even 1.700 lbs. in their

thin condition. They have to' pay for

them. They usually go at about $250,

tho I know of thin horses that have gone

out at $300 and $350. This locality has

fitted prize winners for many a great

Show. An idea of the magnitude of the

operations may be gotten from the state-

ment that over five thousand horses are

fattened in \Vayne county alone.



There is an increase in value of from

$00 to $100 on every horse that is so fat-

tcned. Counting $70 as such an average

the industry brings “'ayne county about

$350,000 a year. Not all this is clear

profit, yet it affords excellent returns

for all feed, with a great deal of actual

profit.



In speaking of a matter of this sort the

question of soil fertility must not be

passed over. Five thousand horses return

a great deal of manure. It is to this

industry that hundreds of the excellent

farms in \Vhyne county now owe their

fertility. Surely all the feed that goes

into these animals. returned to the farm

in the shape of manure. is bound to pro-

duce much better results all around,

than by disposing of the same at the

elevator.



(‘lover hay, oats and corn make up the

rations. A great deal of cheap molasses

is fed in conjunction with these rations.

The horses are stablcd and kept in dur-

ing the entire feeding period. They are

fed very heavily. This method of feeding

combined with enforced idleness. produces

great gains, these being nearly always

above a pound a day. This iIlL‘t'llOd of

feeding may well be followed by any

farmer fitting horses for market.



Most of the animals are hot in the

Chicago market or in the west. One large

dealer has one or two regular buyers in

the west during the entire winter. In

the feeding seasons an auction sale of

feeders occurs in “'ooster nearly every

Saturday. Many of the fattened animals

are shipped out by dealers, the a few oi

the more extensive feeders ship their

own. The better grade of horses go to

New York, while the chunks and rougher

grades are sent to Boston.



But it is not the profits of the transac-

tions so much as the lesson for the aver-

age farmer which I desire to impress

upon *the minds of the readers of this

paper. The high prices which are re-

ceived for this sort of animals cannot but

prove the practicability and profits of

keeping large high-grade brood mares





l. '«t'u.





)3“. )- 9”: ,- I. .:J . ‘4 , . ,. ,

,dfim ,J’Rn .121 3.5. N. Ir. .. , ,.2;iq.g‘gq 1,4 ,'I.; .i





.THE . MICHIGAN -. FARMER.





upon, the farm. 01’ course. the invest-

ment is large but the profits are in pro-

portion to the- investment.‘ The class of

horses that arefed 'show their breeding.





Nearly every one of them shows the value .





of a pure-bred sire. The sire is half the

colt. But most of all this feeding ‘indus—





try has impressed upon me the necessity I





of having an animal ready for market

before you sell him. It doesn't seem

right for a man to bring a colt to matur-

ity, and then to allow someone else to





make from $60 to $100 by getting himv





ready for market. You can do it as well

as anyone else. It is simply a matter of

plain, everyday feeding, and you can do

it as well as anyone else. Don’t sell a.

draft home until he is fat, and don’t be

afraid of an excess of avoirdupois,

Ohio. CLYDE A. WAUGH.





THE FARMER’S DOG.



I have noticed now and then different

opinions in print on the farmer's dog. and

as he is a valuable help to me I wish to

speak a good word for him. I do not

know of any animal that has more

friends or comes in for more cursing than

the dog; but for all \this there are farms

ers' dogs that are a. source of profit to

their owners. Most of my life I have

spent on the farm and have had several

dogs, most of them good ones. too. 1

always like to get a. puppy as soon as

he is old enough to wean, and do the

rest of his bringing up and raising my—

self. At the present time we have a.

Scotch Collie male dog that saves us

many steps every day; he will go to the

field and fetch cows, horses, or sheep,

whichever he is sent after, while I am

doing my evening chores. This is much.

easier, especially during the summer

months, than to go yourself, or send the

tired boy or hired man.



Vi'hen it comes chore time the dog is

always on hand. If you wish to leave a

door open a few minutes and it is where

stock can get in, just tell the dog to

watch it, and there will be no trouble.

“hen the cattle and horses break out

into the road the dog proves of great

assistance. I do not think I ever appre-

ciated my dog, until the one I owned

before the present one, died, and we had

to get along two weeks until we could

find a puppy. “When we went after the

cows, they would scatter out and we had

to drive them one at a time to get them

home. We finally went on horseback,

but it was not much better then. Vi'e

lost enough time in those two weeks we

were out of a dog to pay the dog tax for

a dozen years. There has been twice,

when my dog saved me a horse by giving

the alarm at night when the ‘horse was

fast under the manger. Chicken thieves

are generally a little shy when they know

you kccp a good dog.



It is with dogs as with other things;

tin-re are good, bad and indifferent indi-

viduals.’ The homeless street dog has

different habits than the faithful farm

dog, because he has different breeding

and bringing up. The collies are not only

valuable for driving stock, and as watch

dogs, but are invaluable in ridding the

premises of rats and other rodents that

so dearly love your spring chickens.



if you have children, what a companion

and care-taker the dog is for them,

and how easy it is to «put tliills in the

cart or sled and have the dog draw the

children, afi'ording them hours of inno-

cent, healthy, outdoor exercise.



I have farmer; say that

they never have good luck in gelling a

good farm dog. it its not lock. it IS

having a little patience in gstting the

dog to understand what you desire of

him. Dogs. as a general thing, are not

deaf, but you would think they were to

hear some men talk to their dogs.



It takes some time. to get a puppy

broken so he will go for stock and drive

them slowly, keeping at the heels, but

with a little patience, a long rope and a

lot of common sense, he will soon learn

to know what you want of him and will

be eager to serve you.



There are many sheep killed every

year by dogs, but this is not done by

the farmer‘s stock dog. It is the half

starved tramp and hunting dogs that do

the damage. The farmer’s stock and

watch dog is a different proposition than

the hunter's dog that wanders the coun-

try oyer day and night. Each is bred

and kept for a different purpose and

belongs to distinct classes.



There are many dogs that are not

worth their keep, while on the other

hand there are many farmers’ dogs that

money will not buy, they are so valuable

to them that price is no object. I think

the owner is larfily responsible for the





,m In an, 11'.





hand soim:





its 313, Mi.





,1 d3 2:. A's-‘4". I. 2r we





conduct of his‘dogL.‘If a. little kindness

is— shown him and'a :litug patience 'used'

intrainin'g him that dog will’be one of

the farmer’s valuable farm animals.

Kalamazoo Co. W. R. FARMER. .





, GOOD. QUARTERS- FOR YOUNG";

7 LAMBS. . '





 





'I have found from years of experience

in the sheep business that it always pays

to provide good quarters for the ewes

when the lambs are young, and cannot

take care -’of themselves. I want to call

the reader’s attention to an incident that

'came under'my observation only a. few

days ago when I was visiting a farmer

only a few miles away from me, and was

looking at his flock of sheep. I saw

that he (had sheep of good blood, and they

seemed to be in very good condition, and

I was talking with him and asked him

if he was making good money out of

them. He said that half or more

of his lambs would alWays die.



- I thot that there Was some cause for

his sheep dying, so I asked the cause'a‘h’d

he said he could not tell why, but his

lambs were very hard to raise, that he

did not have many old sheep to die, but

his lambs were giving him trouble. So

I thot‘ I would see if I could find the

reason for'vhis lambs dying. I asked

him where he kept his ewes when the

lambs were'young, and he took me to

an old house that had been a dwelling

house, and he was using it for a house’ to

keep his ewes and young lambs in.



On- entering the house I was surprised

to find things arranged as they were. 1

found loose planks of all kinds lying all

over the floor, and boxes of all sizes, and

pieces of boxes, also loose wire, barrels,

jugs, and I am not sure what else, as I

could hardly tell what was not there.



This man just put his ewes and young

lambs in that old house and thot they

ought to live anyway. The house was a.

large, square house and. had it been

cleaned out so they could have 'had room

to move around they might have-done

very well, as the roof was very good.



I thot a few words of advice might be

good for him, 501 advised him to clean

out that house and he would not lose

so many of his lambs. _



Of course all, and probably not many,

men, do in this way, but there may

be others that could benefit bythis. 1

have learned that the young lambs can-

not be too well cared for if you are rais-

ing them for profit.





Illinois. R. B. BUSHING.





 





LIQUID SMOKE DISCOVERED.



Mr. E. H. Wright, of 633 Broadway,

Kansas City, Mo., has discovered a proc-

ess by which he is able to t'horoly smoke

meat with condensed smoke. The meat

will keep sound and sweet indefinitely,

and will always be free from insects. He

will send a sample bottle free to any one

who will send him their name and ad-





dress with the names of five others who.

Mr. Wright requests that'





smoke meat.

100 be enclosed to help pay for postage

and packing.





 





LIVE STOCK NOTES.





 





There has been a great narrowing in'





hog prices of late, the. spread between

the best and the commonest consign-

ments being far less than it was not

many weeks ago. “'ith the remarkable

falling off in the receipts at Chicago and

other western markets, buyers cannot be

as fastidious in making their selections





as they were heretofore, and after the

best conSIgn'ments are purchased at a





good premium, the less desirable offer-

ings are disposed of at relatively better

prices than those. paid formerly. The

inevitable result of marekting hogs pre-

maturely is now being experienced, and

matured hogs are so Scarce that there is

no telling how high they will sell before

the, top is finally reached, Unquestion-

ably, the only drawback to further ad-

yam-es will be the limit of people’s pock-

etbooks in paying high prices for hog

products. Both fresh pork and cured

meats are now selling unusually high,

and it is evident that consumption has

been materially checked for this reason.

This will account for the larger stocks

of provisions held in western warehouses

than a year ago. It is likely, however,

that provision stocks will undergo large





non'iiiavia‘pinuig;

1~~-  insui





lilondérful -

" Discevery





DISEASES .of um um

I,” successf‘i’ivllfi treated with

thll NE EMEDY





AN ABSOLUTE CURE

for Moon Blindness, (Ophthalmlu). Con-

Junctivitia and Cataract. Shylug horses

all suffer from diseased 0 be. A_ trial, will

fffeli"8?im‘“’a§:%;'& 33.2: "‘“I "" "mu” 1“”

. . 0 0 ITO. V



length ot'tim'e the animal has. beenprdiicteeg. “g:

.. mutter-how my octon have edand tulqduiao

.“VIBIO,” use it nder our G ARANTEE: yo r

swarm“ *1 “eateries;



o e a cure.

RESULTS ONLY." 2.00 '

postpald on receipt 0 price. per bottle,





Vislo RemediAss’fi ”m h "22 l',:r,“,.’;“', II. ;





CflpYuurHurses





 

 

   

 

 





   





   

   

 

 





 





 





 





Every horse should be clipped in the

~ spring. ~They look better. feel bet-

: ter. do better work and bring more

‘3 if ofiered for sale. Clip. '



: Willi Ill. Stuart Ball liming Iachm ,

' File hard out steel gears. all enclosed

_‘ and running In oil. Guaranteed for 25

= years. 0111373150 at your dealers or

sand 32 and we will ship 0.0. D. for

9 balance. Order one today. Don’t

' buy a cheaply made contraption that

will run only a season or two. when

you can get this splendid ma-

chine for so little. Write for

big. new. free catalogue. ,



.. chlcln Hulhlu Shit lie-pm

limbo. Selle Ave. . o - Chicago. Ill.





MINERAL;

; , , mHEAVI-z.

/ , I REMEDY





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

   

   





 





 





NBGLBCT " '1!in

mu 'IIuin HEAVES )





Your Ilum , I V.





   

 





5°!“ m i” o PACKAGE

or on y ‘ ,,

[WANT V . wjficufg any case 01’ > ' ‘

money refunded. .

8| PACKAGE ‘

cures ordinary cases.





Postpaid on receipt of





 

   

   

   

 

   





. 3”! . . ' . A eats Wanted.

GEiTAIN. will»: Lupe" booklet. a? "





Miami Hun lcmody c... 408 mm: Iv... ”minim. h





 





for Itself over and over. Worth

a dozen ordinary combs.





We Will Mall You A Comb

postpaid for 35¢ (Stamps 0: silver) and

full address of your dealer. This offer

is good only till dealer can supply

them. Ask him and send at once.





 

 





 

 





Ask CLEAN 00MB MFG. CO.

for the « Dept. 14. Racine. Wis.

"Clean”





 





 





 





Death lo the Stomach

> Worms Guaranieod.





We will lend you 100 lhl. of DB.

HOLLAND’S IIDICATID 81'0“

SALT on 60 dnyI' trial freight

, prepaid. lfyou derive no benc-

I fit, it eon- you nothing; “you

do it com you $5.00. Give us

your order It once.



The HOLLAND STOCK Bill“)!

00.1““. Wellington. Ohio.





99 9Z00 % , Pure—





American Ingot Iron Roofing





Guaranteed For 30 Years





Without Palntlng

The Only Guaranteed Metal Roofing ever pm on the

market. Samples free. Write {or afree book showing

remarkable tests. A way out of your roof troubles.





THE AIEIICAI IRON IIDOFIIO 60.. Deal. I.ELYIII. “I.





' , DeLOACH

3% to 200 ||.P.





mm.





s‘rnm cAsOLmE AND WATER m

"Anvil/81*. spixgc%§igi§uls a. GORN'gILLS

END FOR CA TALgbllg'Fi-r.





s .

DeLoach Mill Mtg. (30., Box 357, Bridgeport, Ala.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





decreases in the. future, owing to the

great falling off in the marketing of hogsl

everywhere and their extraordinary de-

ficiency in weight. The receipts of hogs

at western markets for the month of

January fell half a million head short

of those of the same month last'year,

while their average weight was pheno-

menally light. Hogs are mighty good





 

 





MAC’S JACK





Most useful tool for farm or shop—lifting

chk. puller, vice. drill, wire stretcher and

20 others. Thousands used: last lifetime.

gel! (ugellghborsri for 100 1 profit. For



p cc and how to at one

FREE—write TODAY. 8

ACME JACK 00.

Box 20. Bloomfield.‘lndluua.





 





property these times. and farmers‘are

making big profits in maturing them,

even at ruling high prices of corn every-i

where. There was a time some months

ago when the policy of sacrificing im'ma-:

ture hogs for the purpose of saving feed'

bills could be defended. but farmers who

do so now are making a serious mistake

and are depriving themselves of large

profits.





3.31% ti.





10 PER DAY 0051'.





To feed your stock and horses per head with our

Buckeye Molasses Results have been gratifying.

Bunnies and full particulars. Address



W. H. EDGAR dz SON. Detroit. Mich.





 





Always mention the Michigan Farmer





when writing to advertuen' .





Ma; Hones. .A IH'N
FEB. 27, 1909.





ARTICHOKES AS A HOG RATlON.





 





I believe that there has been more

money made by the farmers of Michigan

in the last 10 years in raising hogs than

any other live stock crop that is produced

on the farm; in‘ fact, most farmers look

upon hogs as the home builders. I be-

lieve that if the truth were known, it

would be found out that more farms were

paid for from this one source than from

any other. In other words, the hog |has

been “dubbed’ the mortgage lifter, and

since the science of feeding is being so

closely studied as it is at the present

time, it would seem as the hog raising in

the future would be more profitable than

it has in the past. The whole question

of raising hogs hinges on the one word—

feed.



How Shall we feed our hogs in order to

'make the greatest gains for the least

outlay of money? This brings us back

again to the start, and the first. question

is, when shall we have our SOWS farrow?

Most farmers say in the spring, say about

the first of March, and then crowd them





to the fullest extent for the next six or?

eight .months. One objection to this is:

t'hat‘the ihog does not get his grewthg





before he is sold, and they are more

liable to disease during this crowding

period. ~



If we can solve the problem of winter-

ing them cheaply, most farmers will

agree with'me that there is the most

money in fall pigs. If they can be'brot





,thru the winter in a thrifty condition





they can be made ready for the early

market when hogs usually bring the high-

est price, but to accomplish this end,

we must feed something of less value

than corn.



Several winters ago I carried over 40

shoats and when spring came they were

in fine condition, and this was the way

I managed it:



I had one—half acre of artichokes close

to their winter quarters, and When snow

came I turned them in and then business

commenced. I pulled up a few hills so

they could see what was under the snow,

and the way those shoats dug that ground

over was “a caution.” In addition to the

artichokes, I gave them all the clover

hay they would eat, and at night I gave

them a small ration of com. I never

saw shoats grow faster.



Now, a. word about artichokes. They

are something of the nature of potatoes,

only they are not of as firm a texture.

The stalks grow about five feet in height,

and when in blossom they are a hand-

some sight, as they are a solid mass of

yellow bloom. They should -be planted

as early in spring as the ground will

work and given good cultivation. The

ground should be made as rich as pos-

sible, and at the time of blosSoming, cul-

tivation must cease. At this time they

should be mulched. Straw is preferable.

Let the team go astride the rows and

mulch heavily and then the work is

done.



Now about the yield. It will be any-

where from 500 to 800 bushels per acre.

The ground will be filled with one solid

mass of artichokes. All kinds of stock

eat them greedily, and horses are par:

ticularly fond of them.



After they are once established, it is

but very little trouble to care for them.

Shut the hogs off in the spring, 'plow the

ground and harrow it level, (there will

be plenty left in the ground’fo'r‘seed),

and give it a good mulch, and that is all

the care it will need. They thrive best

on a rich, sandy loam,_ but will make a

good crop on most any soil.



I would also strongly advocate a liberal

planting of some good variety of sweet

corn that will be in roasting cars by the

first of August, and thus the artichokes,

a good clover pasture, supplemented with

a little old' corn and then finished up with





the ‘sweet'c'orn,’ will give a’c‘heap lot of'





hogs. ’ fl . . .

The [sv‘Veet corn should be fed while in





a green state, commencing as soon as

corn is ingood roastingears. The hogs i“





will chew up the stalks-after‘eatinig the

corn and receive, a good 'deal of benefit

from them, and b‘y‘the first of September,

your hogs are ready for market and you

have kept the cost down to the lowest

point and will have the satisfaction of





knowing that you have raised those hogs:





at a profit.





Van Buren Co. J. S. DRAPER.





MORE PIG RECORDS.





 





One year ago 1 sold 10 pigs, 7 months: in town. Free bus to the trains. Byron is located on the Toledo & Ann Arbor





old, that dressed 235 lbs. each. A few'

weeks ago I sold 5 that weighed 363 lbsl Trunk R. R. These stallions are blacks, bays and chestnuts from 3 to 6 years old.





each live weight, at 9 months and 5 days!





i





old. Each litter ~was fed corn and but-

ter—milk. A. HOUGHTON.





erE ‘MICHIGAN 'FARMER.





Big Money-$-

iNM anu re





Not Manured

a‘ . ' If you and every farmer would figure up how loony dollar: you waste every year on

' I ' 1‘ your places by not spreading your manure properly. you (1 get Spreaders quickly.

,1 ’ You’d no more leave those piles of manure standing back of your barns than

you’d throw your crops in the road to rot.

High authorities state that enough mfanure gogsg? waste annually to more than

at ort a e and ever armer s e s.

paygggr‘hsnrgnl Bixillllerlsln NE). €92 says the ¥nrmers lose over ”84,000,000 in manure ooch year

because it’s not handled right. You yourself, can easily make your form pay you a. quorter to a

third more in crops by getting a Galloway Spreader jus the some as these men below say they are

doing and I’ve at thousands of formers’ letters as good so these or better. J not read my catalog

ond see a. lot 0 them.





1’“ Give You 12 Months to Prove the Big Money for You With a

Galloway WEE? Manure Spreader





' h 1.300 F T 'leZ M lhs Test or Money Book if not o Paying lnyeohnon!

5:: first; you 534535.030. MyYozll": Output. on which my dired-lo-yon prico u hosed.





/ l



’ v ' h t I’ll- rn thotifitis noto



. ores m ro oolllon. Heros w a do. agree

3‘13: . go in lgvgsrt.£ellzwot'thg end of 12 months you give me hock my spreader and I'll

‘ V 1' re un our money. Yes sir! You send us your name for my Special Proposition

't y . and my ig Free Spreader Catalog. You try n Galloway. It would pay you 100 per

cent dividends ontthc price to even borrow the money—do o little finnnceering to



llowo l necessnr .

ge‘fsgto youyfrom 025.00 t?) 050.00 or more on price and positively give you n

chatter spreader. And my new, exclusive. Bull Molol Molloohlo Rollor Food is

worth at least 82' extra but costs you nothing. Seven distinct patents on my

spreader and repairs seldom necessary. Not one-tenth of one percent 051 in every

1,000 need repairs, is our record, and 20,000 Farina? have stomped their 0. K. on

h ilowa . Ma. ie in 6slzesincludlng comp 0 es ee



tvgigkegpreadgrs. Write me today personnllykfor my “3' noxi'o. Lehman“:

Special Proposition and Big Free Spreader Boo . Galloway a“_5h. “m





7 WM. GALLOWAY. Prooldonl hondlo ll ..."'.

Wm. Gollowny Company,





 





 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





lv'





   

 





 

 

 





649 Galloway Station





, A

. y/q ‘ . WaterlooJo.





 

   

 

 

 

 





 

 





a Pay?

0 W. II. Cross,Spaulding, *3,

Iowa. says—"Best in-

vestment in farm machinery I ever .

de ”





 

 

   





ma .



M. B. Sparlin, Seneca. Mo., says—~“Would



0 not sell it for :3 times what it cost—if I

couldn't at ano er”



00 J.A.Hush§McCune, Rims” says—~“Hnuicd 100

loads last winter. My hay made double."



, J. W. Carter, Amite, Lo", says—“0n my 140 loads saved mo



7 & in labor and increased value over hand spreading.”



-’ 00 S. J. Woodring, Chester, Okla. says—“Have 01,000 worth of



machinery. Your spreader is has tool on place.”





' 933° 1 Am Telli a Million Farmers About This has”;





day for my New ropositlon and my Big Free Spreader Book—Sure.





 





 

 

 





 

 

 

   





 

   

 

 





 





Don’t Keep On Fooling With

‘ . ._ a Poor Saw!





You threw’your money away when you bought it. but don’t waste

your life trying to make it work. A new one won’t cost much. And if

you buy the right kind. it will make wood cutting easier than you ever

thought it could be.





Atkins Wood Saws





Go through the wood in a iiffy, with little effort. The blade is tapered

and does not stick or "buckle” in the wood. Made of high-grade steel,

and holds its keen cutting edge longer than any other. Costs no more

than a poor saw. Try an Atkins—be sure our name is on the blade. If

it disappoints you, take it right back to the dealer.

. Your dealer has them or will get them for you. If he is slow about

it, write us. - '

A one=cenl postal brings a live-cent book, “Tho Core of Sowo.” one! o

sllverine lie pin free.





E. C. Atkins & Co. Inc., Indianapolis, Ind.





Largest Exclusive Jaw Manufacturers in tho World





With branches carrying complete stocks at New York. Chicago. Minneapolis. Portland.

Ore.. Seattle, San Francisco. New Orleans. Memphis. Atlanta and Hamilton, Ont.





 





 





"GET TO KNOW





THE “ALAMO”





The Gasoline Engine that combines QUALITY,

DURABILITY and ECONOMY. A perfect farm

power. It will lessen your work and increase

your income. It will pump water, grind feed,

churn,run a separator, saw wood, bale hay, shell

corn andis adaptable to many otherpurposes.





 





In Stationary from 3 to 50 H. P., Portables, all

sizes. Send for our Picture Book Catalog—Fr".





THE ALAMO MFG. 00.,

HILLSDALE. MICHIGAN.





 





 





 





 





New ImpoIaIion Just ArriVed





‘ Percherons,Clydesdales,





 





 





 





 





a.) 219





Galloway Addresses the

. commercial club j.





Mr. Galloway said: l



“Gentlemen—I was raised on an Iowa farm.

Twelve years ago I was milking cows and teach-

ing calves to drink skim milk. I know farming—

and the conditions that exist on the average

farm throughout the United States. I’ve been

there and know the business.



“From a. very modest beginning our business

of manufacturing special farm implements and

selling them direct to farmers has grown until

we now operate the three largest factories in the

world. manufacturing Manure Spreaders, Gaso-

line Engines and Cream Separators.



“My boyhood friends seem'to marvel at the

success we have had in' our business in such a

short time, and I have been asked innumerable

times as to just what I attributed this success.‘

Boil the whole proposition down—run it through

the simplification table, and. as they say. “get

down to brass tacks”—and I’ll tell you just what

I think has made our wonderful growth and

success possible. It’s this:



“In every transaction that’s carried on boo

tween us and our customers. we actually make

the farmer, inhis own home, on his own farm.

a. wholesale factory buyer of every machine we

manufacture and sell. He’s actually “inon the .

ground floor"-and in on the ground floor on

prices made possible only by the immense vol-

ume of business we do in each of our separate





lines. ..



“I feel that I know the farmer. I know him to,

be a careful, thinking business man.‘ He’s a

shrewd buyer and knows a bargain when he

sees it, When he understands that he can sit

down and write to our factory and get whole-

sale factory prices on one single machine that

are really lower than a. big wholesaler can buy

them for from any other factory in carload lots

—he immediately sees the advantages in buying

from us on our plan.



“Our business. in a sense. is a big cooperative

proposition. We don’t make much on any one

implement or any one machine. It’s the volume

idea that makes our business a. success. An-

other thing that I have found to contribute

largely to our success is the fact that we know

the farmer to be a square business man and.

that if he is treated square he will treat us

square in return. For that reason we’ve always.

been perfectly willing to ship our implements

or machines anywhere on a. liberal free trial

plan. We’ve said. ‘Here you are. Mr. Farmer.

Take any one of our machines on your farm—

use it as your own—in your own way, and try it

out thoroughly. If you are not satisfied in every‘

particular return it to us—we’ll pay the freight

both ways. and the test you’ve made hasn’t cost.

you a penny.’



"We go still further than that. as, for instance.

on our Manure Spreader. We say to the farmer

——‘Take one of our machines and use it for a

full year—and then—if you are not satisfied that

it is a money-making proposition for you to

keep on using, you can still send it back to us.

and we’ll refund every dollar you’ve paid us.



"We have no secrets in our business. We’d.

just as soon that every customer of ours would

get up a big excursion and come out to our fac-

tories and go through and see just how our

machines are manufactured—what the actual

first cost is to us—just how our little profits are

added—so that they may KNOW just exactly-

how they become a wholesale buyer in dealing

with us. Our books are open at all times to

every one.of our customers—and our factories

are open to'their inspection. . ,



"Everybody knows the low’prlce we make

on our factories’ output. but'let me explain just

why some of theselow prices are made possible.



“Take, for instance, our manure spreader.

We. just the same as all other factories, have to-

figure a certain overhead charge on the volume

of our business. If we only manufacture 10,000

machines, in order to continue our business we

would have to have a certain overhead charge

which would make it impossible for us to sell

our machines for less than ten dollars apiece

more than we now sell them for, on account of

the volume of 25.000 machines which is our out-

put this year.



“This same argument holds with our gasoline

engines and cream separators.



Waterloo is a. good place to conduct a

business such as ours. It’s really the center of

the United States. We not only do business in

Iowa, Illinois and the surrounding states. but

we have an immense business in Maine,vFlorida,

Oregon and outlying territory. The highest

class labor is comparably cheap in Waterloo.

This permits us to manufacture at the minimum

of cost. We are never troubled with ”strikes,"

never have difficulty in procuring raw material,

and, all in all. the conditions for manufacturing

oéu particular line in our present location are

1 ea .’



Mr. Galloway is an enthusiastic.keen, active

business man. He knows that his method of

doing busmess is correct. He knows the people

to whom he sells his goods—and his motto is—

THE HIGHEST QUALITY IN EVERY

MACHINE AT THE LOWEST PRICE AND

A PRICE THAT UNDERSELLS ALL COM-

PETITORS. _



Mr. Galloway further said that the man who

strove to give the biggest value for a dollar in

any line was bound to succeed. His entire

address was followed with keen interest and at

the close he was applauded to the echo.





 





Raise mules and get rich. ‘

220 fine large jacksJonnets

and mules 14 to 17 hands

high. weigh from 700 to

1.500 lbs , good ones. Cheap

now. Will pay a part of

buyer’s R. R. foro Ind ship.

ping. Stock guaranteed.

Write for prices todoy. 0

KREKLER'S J AOKFARH





JAGKS AND MULES.





 





West Elkton, Ohio.





 





Jack and Jennetls For Sale.





If you want a first closs Jock

or Jennett ot the very lowest

prices. visit our barns. for they

are full of high class stock. and

consoil them to you right. and

save you the mlddlemsn'l prof-

it. All stock guoronteod. Bond

for my 25 reasons why it poyo

to raise mules. Address





BAKER’S JACK FARM. Lawrence; Ind.





 





 





 





 





These horses are picked from the choicest breeds in Europe.





and EngliSh HaCKneYS. FOR SALE WOTAN—Stnllion6yrs..17honds.1500





lbs.. No.40877. sire Veto A 18259: Dam





Darkness. sister to Nightingale 230%; Second Dom

Stables right Mabel. mother Cresoeus 2:02%.





0L. NEWTON 2 yrs. 15 hands, 1020 “33.. Site





J Wotan No. 40877: Dnm Vanity K by Pilot Modi-





R., 44 miles north of Ann Arbor and 7 miles south of Durand on the Grand “‘1‘ 159”- A150 A-J-C-C-JemeYI—cownnd haters.





Also farms to rent twelve miles from Toledo.





B. E. BULLOCK. Samaria. Mich.





 





ALL AT LOW PRICES.





 





CALKINS & AUGSBURY, Proprietors, Byron, Michigan,





ONE IMPORTED BELGIAN BAY STALLION,





weight 1,600 to 1. 700 lbs; 1 Registered MORGAN





Stallion, chestnut. weight 1,200 lbs. Sell or exchange

for other property. H. H. JUMP. Munlth. Mich.
220 (8)





_VETERlNARY:





“LAM





CONDUCTED BY DR. W. C. FAIR,

CLEVELAND, OHIO.





Advice thru this department is free to

our subscribers. Each communication

should state history and symptoms of the

case in full; also name and address of

writer. Initials only will be published. In

acute cases, where we believe that im-

mediate treatment will be necessary, re-

ply will be made by return mail, free.





   





 





 





Acidity of Stomach in Cows—Please

tell me what to give cows that will pre-

vent them chewing wood. M. 8., Ida,

Michs—Give 1 oz. bicarbonate soda, 1 oz.

powdered charcoal and 1 oz. ground gin-

ger at a dose in feed two or three times

a day for 20 days.



Functional Spinal Disease—I have a

horse that does not have the proper con-

trol of his hind quaai‘ters, when traveling

in mud or snow his iind parts will swing

out of line. I do not believe he is weak

in back for he appears to be strong,

looks healthy and eats all I give him.



R., Parma, Mich.—Your horse suf-

fers from functional disease of the spinal

cord and will perhaps recover slowly.

Give 1,9 dr. ground nux vomica, 2 drs.

powdered rosin and 2 drs. powdered fenn-

greek at a dose in feed two or three

times a day. In working him avoid over-

loading, turn him slowly and not too

short.



Tape—W'orm.—“'e have a buck lamb

eight months old that is very thin—his

appetite is not very good. J. P.,_ Cadillac,

Mich—Give him 20 grs. powdered kamala

in a teaspoonful castor oil at a dose once

a day for two days: ten days later if he

is no better give the same amount but

only once. Also give a teaspoonful tr.

gentian at a dose in a little water three

times a day until he recovers.





Fractured shoulder.—I have a yearling

filly that fell and broke her shoulder five

weeks ago. Had her in sling all this

time, since taking her out of the sling

she favors the shoulder and I have been

obliged to help her up. J. C., Yale,

Mich—I am inclined to believe that you

have not succeeded in getting a bony

union; the broken bones have slipped

past each other and a fibrous union has

taken place, which means an imperfect

recovery. If this be the case she will

never get well—had a bony reunion taken

place the shoulder should soon be fully

as strong as ever and the lameness dis—

appear.



Splint—Floor for Cow Stable.—~My horse

'has a splint that I should like to have

removed. I would also like to know how

to arrange a cement floor for my cow

stable, and if i use a gutter how wide

and deep it should be. II. M. F., Hart,

Mich.-After a horse arrives at eight

years of age, splints usually reduce in

size, therefore I suggest that you leave

the splint alone if it is causing no lame-

ness, for they are difl‘icult to remove

and not make a scar and hurt the horse.

If it causes lameness apply 1 part red

iodide mercury, and 8 parts lard once a

week. or you *an safely use any of the

spavin cures that are advertised regu-

larly in this paper. Cement floors are

'the‘proper thing for a cow stable. A

gutter should not be less than twelve

inches wide and eight inches deep: fur~

thermorc. in arranging your gutter it

should not be too far back, besides it

Should drain.



Eversion of Vagina Garget.—I am a

new subsciibcr and would like to know

what to do for a cow that has a pro-

truding Womb. This cow came fresh

about two weeks ago and seems to be all

right as long as ropes were on her. Since

taking them off the parts protrude. I

also have a cow that has a sore udde

one quarter being partially blocked. L. 8.,

Jcnison, Michipizlce your cow in a stall

win-re her hind quarters will be six

inches highvr than fore, keep her in this

position while in stable. The parts will

then drop into thcir normal position and

she will get well. It may be Ill‘(,'“S“Zil'y

to apply a surcingle around flank; no

drugs rcquirmi. Sometimes it is net-M;—

sarv to apply a sound. Apply iodine

Ointment to blocked udder once a day.



Periodic Ophthalmiuvay 5-year-old

horSo has been troubled for about l8

months with periodical eye trouble. The

eves do not get sore at some time, but

change periodically. This same horse is

out of condition and his eyes perhaps

need it little attention. If}. I). N , Gzilien,

Mich. First of all. the sharp points of

outside of upper grinder teeth should be

flit‘tl off and the inside of lower. If any

of his teeth are diseased have I‘m c):—



l





 





 





tracted. Give 1 dr. Fowlers soil in and

1/2 dr. iodide potassium at a dose n fool]

night and morning for 20 days. Feed

him some well suited brzm mush or veg—

etables to keep the bowels open. Pre—

vent him facing :1 bright light as .much

as possible. llo will perhaps go blind.



Lympliangitis.—-l have. a 10—year—old

horse that had u had attack of indigestion

last fall. Our local Vet. brot Ihim thru

all right, with the exception of his hav—

ing a swelled leg. This same horse has

a few cracks under fctlock and his skin

is chapped on the fore part of one hock.

E. A. H., Armada. Mich.#(“.ive your horse

2 drs. Fowler‘s solution and 1 oz. hypo-

Sulfite soda {it :1 dose in feed twice a (My

for twenty dill'S. Almly 1 port oxide zinc

and 2 parts vascline to sores on leg once

or twice a day.



Rickets.#l have two pigs four months

old that appeared to be all right until two

weeks after they were custrzitcd; now

they are unable to stand on hind legs and

do not seem to be improving. S. J. '

Owosso, Mich.——Fecd Very little corn, 3.

little oats and oil meal. also some Veg..-

tables. Give each pig a teaspoonful alr-

slacked lime at a dose in feed twice. a

dav until they recover. Also apply equal

parts aqua ammonia. turpentine and

sweet oil to back once a day. If their

bowels do not act fairly free give 1 oz.





 





THE ‘MICHiGAN “FARME'R‘; '





' sulfate magnesia-at a . dose daily until ,‘





x





their bowels'move freely. . »



Conjunctivitis—We have received so

many helps from your answers to others.

Therefore, would like to;ask what We

can do for our Collie deg, who has sore

eyes and his ears seem to be inflamed,

This causes him to shake his head and

his eyes discharge mucus. R. . 8.,

Quincy, Mich—Drop 1 part peroxide-hy—

drogen and 5 parts water into ears twice

a day, using a small quantity at a time.

Also drop a little calomel into eyes once

a day. -Also apply a saturated solution

of boric acid to eyes once daily. Give

him 3 drops oil sandalwood at a. dose

twice a day for 15 days.





Dog Has Abscess Between Toes—I

have a dog Six years old, that is troubled

with bunches between toes which appear

to swell up thenxbreak and discharge pus

that has an offensive odor. Are my

children in any danger of being infected

from this ailment? E. H. S., Brant,

Mich—No, your children. are running no

risk of infection. Open up abscess with

a sharp knife, apply crude carbolic acid

to center of sack once only, then apply

peroxide-hydrogen twice a day until it

teals. '





Vaginal Polypus.—Being an interested

reader of the veterinary column of M. F.,

I would appreciate your advice on the

ailment of my cow. I have only owned

her for a ,short time and I noticed that

she has a discharge from vagina, seems

to be a slime with some blood. but it

only comes from 'her occasionally. Is

this a serious trouble or not? F. A. S.,

Whitehall, Mich—Put 2 drs. permanga-

nate potash in 3 qts. tepid water and

flush out vagina three times a Week.

Also give her 15 oz. powdered sulfate iron

at a dose in feed twice a day for 20 days.

I know of no reason why she should not

make a satisfactory recovery.





Indigestion—Inactive B0wels.—’My horse

took sick about the middle of December.

He was treated by two different Vets.

They claim that the nerves of his bowels

had stopped working. For nearly nine

days he refused food, finally commenced

to eat a little. Soon after that he took

distemper and has been quite sick. He

has a rattling in head, and is not t'hriv-

ing. H. W'., Harbor Beach, Mich.—Give

your horse 1/2 oz. tr. gentlan, $42 oz. tr.

cinchona and 1 dr. tr. nux vomica at a

dose in feed or as a drench three times a

day until he recovers.



Stomach Worms-Cough.——Can you tell

me what is the matter with my hogs?

They have good care and are about five

months old; sometime ago they began to

cough and get out of condition. ’l‘heir

appetite is irregular; Ifed them consider-

able soft coal and charcoal. Have also fed

stock food and worm medicine. I do not

see as they have improved much. all of

which discourages me. They are fed

ground oats, barley and corn with some

middlings. C. A. R., Jasper, Mich—Mix

equal parts by weight, powdered sulfate

iron, gentian, ginger, bicarbonate soda

and charcoal. Givei 1,4 teaspoonful to each

hog twice a day. also suggest that you

feed them some raw carrots.



Indigestion—Blood Poison—I have a

cow nine years old that was a very heavv

milkcr, but for the past two years she

has been falling. Three weeks ago she

commenced showing symptoms of sore

mouth. She came fresh Dec. 26th last,

and I thot cleaned ali right, but Swine

time later commenced to discharge.

“’hzit shall I do for her" M. C. I...

Fruitport, Miclt.~—Put 1 oz» sulfate zinc

in four quarts tepid water and Wash out

vagina every day, using not less than 1/2

gal, at a time. Also give 1 oz. tr. gen-

tian. 1/; oz. tr. cinchona and 1 oz. hypo-

sultlte soda, either in fe~d or as a

drcmh twice a day for 15 days, tlrn

'give the medicine once a day for 15

more.





 





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On the outside all rubber boots look very much alike—the

difference is inside. Go'zto anydealer and put your feet inside

a pair of Buffalo Brand boots and you will immediately notice

the difierence—the snug comfort, easy fitting. Why all this

unusual satisfaction? There is not one ounce of shoddy and no re-

melted “old junk rubber" in the Buffalo Brand. New, lively,

pure Para rubber only is used. Para rubber is tough—it stretches.

Its elasticity gives the ease. Its long life makes it outwear other boots.

Buffalo Brand boots don’t flop about, because they are made over

aluminum lasts which hold and keep a perfect shape during vulcan-

izingwthe intense heat of which warps. shrinks and twist: the

commonly. used wooden lasts. Thrifty careful buyers insist upon

getting the Buffalo Brand. Every boot has our Supreme

Quality Trade Mark at the top. It’s a yellow rubber label.

Insist on your dealer telling you all he knows about

these boots-INSIST.





WM. 11. WALKER & as.

77-83 So.





I t., . ' ' '

Pear S x263 ,7

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w. E. PRITCHARD 8: SONg





OTTAWA. ILLINOIS.





American Bred Percheron & Shire Horses





| lWo are oiferln n high-class bunch or sound young stallions



of the real draft y 9, with big bone, size and quality. We can



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ranch of Burlington Railways.





F III. IIIIG' II II

F F rtlll l

WE WANT AN AGENT .2I.i’.‘.‘.:..:...~f:hll.l;:l.’f

We Will ship to responsible parties on a consignment contract; that is, the

agent only pays for what he sells. We will take farmers’ notes for pay.





Our prices are right, our goods are extra. Write for prices and terms.





THE CINCINNATI PHOSPHATE 60., Station P, Cincinnati, Ohio.





 





 





   





 





REAT Vl'cstcm Dealers are in nearly every locality.





I

I

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I. You probably know one.





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last a lifetime.





 





 





. W'" Ilium.



(, “*me Hill if. I

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‘ .

win.

I





Remember—‘





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Ifl- ‘





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IGet the True Answers and You’ll Refuse Any Substitute





knife and test the "oak"? or "pine"? pans—take your ruler and measure the sills

and frame and spokes. rims and tires. tongue. etc. Take a hammer and test the 5th

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Satisfy yourself that you should have a Great Western for the reasons below

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you lusts: on seeing and getting a





“The Great Oak”





Great .WeStem Manure Spreader





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: ‘. SMITH MANUFACTURING C0., 154-168 E. Harrison St, Chicago, Ill.

inky. i. Omaha, Neb. Km» City. Mo. Minneapolis. Minn. Columbus. 0. lndimpoliand.





   





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FEB. 27, 1909..





__-





Conjunctivitis—When I drive my more

her eyes discharge a. lot of water. She

is not sick. L. F., St. Louis, Mich.—The

eyes of some ani-ma‘ls'are extremely sen-

sitive to cold air and dust. Your mare

may be one of that kind. Put 3 grs. sul-

fate zinc in 1' oz. water and apply to eyes

twice daily. '



Indigestion.—-My 4-year-old brood mare

is not thriving. She has some bowel pain

occasionally. W. 'S-, Ubly, Mich.-——Change

her feed and give her 2 tablespoonfuls

ginger and same, quantity of baking. soda

at a dose in feed twice a day, until Slli‘



ets well. -



g Sterile Bean—I have a boar born March

25th, 1908, that is a nice thrifty pig,

well developed and seems to serve sows

as well as any boar but only one in

twenty get with pig. He is not too fat,

has plenty of exercise and is fed on

corn and milk. What ails him? R. L. F.,

Scotts, Mich.—Feed him less corn, more

oats, oil meal and some vegetables. It

is perhaps a mistake to continue using

him for breeding purposes, for young

animals should be more sure than older

ones. Drugs are not much help in such

cases.



Periodic Ophthalmia.—I have a horse

that is troubled with sore'eyes; the eye

seems to cloud over after each attack;

this trouble seems to yield to treatment

but the disease soon returns as bad as

before. E. P., Richmond, Mich.—You will

find little satisfaction from treatment in

such cases, the results are generally the

same. However, no one can tell when

less of vision will take place. A bright

light always irritates such cases. The

bowels should‘be opened and the diet

must be of a cooling and laxative nature.

Apply a saturated solution of boric acid

twice daily, also give 15 grs. calomel and

1,5 oz. nitrate potash daily for five days

when these inflammatory attacks come.



Navicular Disease—I have a mare that

went lame two years ago in forefoot.

Have applied blisters and liniments with-

out good results. Now I am at a loss to

know what to do. I have thot it might

be in fetlock joint for the leg is swollen

on both sides of joint. Some folks tell

me she may have been foundered. J. T.,

Nessen City, Mich—I am most inclined

to believe that the lameness is in coffin

joint and not in fetlock. However, you

had better apply equal parts tr. canthar-

ides, turpentine, aqua ammonia and sweet

oil to coronet and fetlock twice a week.



Contraction.——My 8-year-old horse went

lame last winter. Has remained lame

ever since; just as bad on soft ground as

hard. I might say we think it. caused

from contraction. H. M., Pigeon, Micli.——-

Your horse suffers from chronic navicular

disease and contraction as a result of this

ailment. Benefit will come from blister-

ing coronet. Apply cerate of cantharides

or any one of the blisters that are adver-

tised regularly in this paper, but do not

look for too much immediate change, as

recovery in such cases will be slow. It

the fore feet are warmer than hind apply

wet swabs to hoofs in front.



Indigestion and Weakness—I have a

yearling bull that became very lazy last

winter. He had lice and I succeeded in

killing them, but he was very thin before

I found them. Since then he has not

done well and is in poor condition now;

his appetite is poor. E. B., Picnkney,

Mich—Change his feed and give a tea—

spoonful tr. nux vomica, a iablespoonful

gentian and the same quantity of ginger

at a dose in feed three times a day.



Nodular Disease—I have a last spring

lamb that is sick. He seems to have

some pain and draws up as if it was in

the bowels. I am feeding bean fodder,

clover hay and bright oat straw. They

are in good condition and I would like

to know what ails them? B. T. G., Chil-

son, Mich.——If you lose another cut it

open and examine liver, lungs, kidneys

and bowels. If so you will perhaps find

many small nodules on outside of intes-

tines that contain a greenish cheese~like

substance. These are parasites that

cause the death of many sheep in this

country. Mix equal parts powdered sul-

fate iron, gentian, ginger, cinchona and

salt. A teaspoonful is enough for four

shelep and it should be given in feed twice

dai y. ~



Chronic Cracked Heels—One year ago

my horse took scratches. I applied sul-

phur and lard; this cured him. Last

summer he itched and had sores come on

neck which caused him great uneasiness;

some time later his sores broke open and

are yet sore. Subscriber.—You should

have given your address and signed your

name to your letter. Apply equal parts

oxide zinc and vaseline to sore heels

twice a day and give him 3 drs. Fowler’s

solution at doses-(in feed three times a.

day for three weeks. If you have some

carrots give him a few every evening.



_V\'ounded by a Boar—Securs in Calves.

—I have a colt that was wounded by a

boar's tusk; the leg was cut above knee

some, six inches long. This wound does

not heal as rapidly as it should. My

neighbor feeds his calves separator milk

and every one of his calves scour. J. B.,

l‘laion, Micli.*ApD1y peroxide hydrogen

to sore twice a day; ten minutes later

dust on equal parts calomcl, iodoform

and boric acid. Your neighbor had better

gIVe his calves equal parts tr. of rhubarb,

(‘nmphor and Opiate, a teaspoonful at a,

dose in a tea cup of hot water every two

or three hours until improvement is no—

ticed, then give less medicine and not so

frequent. Do they keep their calves in

basement stable and is it damp? Do the

calves ever get any sunlight and good

fresh air? T’heir feeding utensils should

be scalded and aired daily.



Coffin Joint Lameness.—My 11_Vpar-0]d

mare has been lame in coffin joint ever

Since she was four years old. I have

been told she should be nerved. If so tell

me how long it will lay her up, and other

particulars that will enlighten me. W.

.. F., Delton, Mich—Removing about an

inch of the nerve either above or below

fetlock joint on both sides of leg is the

only remedy that will [make your old

cripple comfortable and if it is done she

Will cease to suffer pain from foot. It

should have been done long ago, 1 op-

erate on a great many and it is never

necessary to cast the horse to do





EHE MICHIGAN FARMER.‘





it. The high operation should be done

in your case. A 6 per cent solution of

cocaine should be injected into leg be-

tween skin and nerve; ten minutes later

cut skin open and remove not less than

an inch of the nerve, sew up wound,

do the same to other side and dress

wound, all is over. I usually put twitch

on nose of horse when operating.‘ The

jab from needle of syringe when injecting

the cocaine into leg is all the pain the

horse usually suffers during the operation

for it only requires a few minutes to do

it; however, it should be done by a suro

geon. The wound will heal in a week in

cold weather but takes ten or twelve days

in hot.



Indigestion.——My cows runs out in a

woodlot for three hours a day when

weather is fine, and is stabled when

stormy. The other day she came home

bloated. I.gave her ginger and whiskey,

also gave some salts and molasses. This

relieved her bloat. Since then she has

not shown much disposition to eat and

is growing thin. She will come fresh

the middle of April. J. H., Barryton,

Mich—Give" 1 oz. ground gentian, 1 oz.

ginger and 1 oz. powdered charcoal at a

dose in feed (or as a drench with water),

three times a day.





Scours—Indigestion.——I have a 6-year-old





horse that horsemen tell me has indi-

gestion. His bowels are far too loose. I

feed him mixed hay and cornstalks for

dinner, corn in the ear for grain. M.

F., Ferry, Mich.—~The corn fodder may

be affecting her bowels, therefore I sug-

gest a change of feed. Oats and bran

fed dry, also well cured ti-mothy hay will

perhaps check her excessive bowel move-

ments. Give her a tablespoonful ginger,





a teaspoonful powdered catechu and two





tablespoonfuls of charcoal at a dose in

feed three times a day.

Periodic Ophthalmia.——I have been in-





. When

' WillYour





Live Stock '”

Die 2





sound insurance with





 





terested in your answers to others and Handy

would like your advice in regard to a - Book and mules you own.

15-year old mare that went blind last FREE





summer but seemingly recovered. Her





eyes are again covered with a film. We

that she had influenza last summer but

is well now. J. W. B., Canton,'Mich.——

Your mare has ophthalmia. Blow some

calomel into eyes twice a day and give

1 dr. iodide potassium at a dose in feed

three times a day until the eyes clear.

Good results follow using an eye wash

composed of nitrate silver 1 gr., sulfate

atropia 1 gr., water 1 02.; this may be

applied twice a day; both have given me

good results at my hospital.



Acidity of Stomach—Cow Does Not

Come in Heat—My cow has an appetite

for old bones and pieces of leather; my

other cow has not been in heat since

cold Weather set in. What is wrong?

F. C., Sandusky, Mich—Give 1 oz. bicar-

bonate soda, 1 oz. ginger and 1 oz. char-

coal at a dose in feed two or three times

a day. It is not unusual for cows not to

come in heat during cold weather and

be all right and breed soon as hot weather

comes.



Cough.—~Have a cow that seems to be

healthy, but she occasionally coughs;

first noticed it six weeks ago; her appe—

tite has improved lately. W. B. R., Tall-

man, Mich.—-—Give 1 dr. powdered opium,

2 drs. chlorate potash and 2 drs. muriate

ammonia at a dose in feed twice a day.



Scratclies—Stocking.-—My mare has had

scratches for the past six weeks and her

legs stock. Subscriber.~—Givc a dessert

spoonful powdered nitrate potash and a

tablespoonful powdered rosin at a dose

in feed twice a day for a week, then give

the medicine once daily for ten days.

Apply 1 part coal tar disinfectant and 4

parts vaseline twice a day.



Blocked Quarter—Abnormal Heat—I

have a Jersey cow 9 years old that came.

fresh last September. She has been al-

most constantly in heat for the past six

weeks; been bred several times but failed

to get with calf; this same cow has om-

diseased quarter which does not milk

easily and not more than one-half as

much milk comes from it. F. B. R.,

Litchfield, Mich—Feed her less stimulat-

ing food, more vegetables; also give 1/2

oz. nitrate potash at a dose in feed three

times daily until she cools off. It may bc

necessary to spay her. Apply belladonna

ointment to diseased quarter twice a day.



Weak Back—I have a young mare that

has been worked hard for some time that

stretches when standing still, and uri—

nates often when idle but not often when

worked. R. C. T., Shepardsvilic, Mich.~

Your mare’s back is a little weak and it

rests her to stretch. Apply alcohol and

water equal parts to back twice a day

and give 2 drs. acetate potash at a dose

in feed twice a day.



Paralysis—Cow is unable to get up

without help and wabbles when walking,

due to calve in ten days. F. A., Mayvillc,

Mich—Give her good care, a teaspoonful

tr. nux vomica, three times a day and

keep her bowels open, also apply alcohol

to back twice a. day.





 





J. I“. Couch, of centnal

marketed 84:") head of fat Utah range

lambs in Chicago recently at $7 per 100

pounds, making a liberal profit on the

flock, which he purchased last autumn





and fed during the winter. They cost}

him at Earlham, in the fall, $4.25 per 100: _7

pounds, when they averaged 48 poundsfl'

their average weight when sold in the:





Chicago market having been around 87

pounds.





ranges were fed around Earlham this

winter, and about three—fourths of them

have been marketed, their owners mak-

ing substantial profits as a rule. To be-

gin with, prices Were low when the lambs

were purchased as feeders, and in the

next place they were fed carefully, and

had good shelter. They had plenty of

ear corn and clover hay.





 





Cured Spavin and Old Sprain on Arm.



use'd Gombault’s Caustic Balsam for

a spavm, curing it entirely and leaving

no 'marks. I also used it on my arm

for an old sprain. It took some months

to effect a cure, but it is now cured. It

is the best remedy I have ever used.

It is hard to get people not to waste it





by usin too much—J. -

mir' ,Mfc’h. D. Rodger, El





Iowa,-‘





About 15,000 sheep and lambs1

grown on the Utah and other western'





 





 





 





 





 





Address DEPT.





 

 

 





Compan y.





 





 





 





 





 





 





“A sam le of this ng'oduct has been submitted

to the U11 ted States epartment or grlculture

for examination. We guarantee the contents of



' this package to be of the same composition as the

sample su mitted to the Department. and that

when diluted according to the directions printed

thereon for the treatment of sheep scab it will

give a dipping fluid of the composition re uired



l of a cresol dip by the regulations of the core-

tary of Agricu ture governing sheep scab."





. , ,7

2’4?”





9,.

/"a-'





' _ .... . M ., é“

“1. Always

to ‘.,.Eors...q/n¢xp¢chd





 





The horse ”you bought yesterday for $150 may die tomorrow through

disease or accident. Big breeders do not take such risks of total loss.

Why do you? Protect your investment.





Investigate Live Stock Insurance





This Company, the pioneer in its line, (23 years old), insures horses,

mules and-cattle against death from any cause. Patronizcd by allthe

best known importers and stockmen in, America. _All poliCyholders pro-

tected by $100,000.00 deposit with Indiana Auditor of State.

“co-operative” insurance societies, this old conservative company pays

all losses promptly, takes only lreasonable risks, and hence prowdcs





Unlike





Low Rates, and NOEAssessments





In one policy, it insures a mare during the dangerous foaling period at

the rate of $4 per $100 of insurance. Many other excellent forms of pol-

icy. What are your needs? Write for information and cost.





A handsome vest-pocket book sent free, if you write us

about this insurance, and tell us how many horses, cows





Mention pedigrees if any. Book is





leather-bound, with maps, calendars, tables and much use-

ful information. 'Write today.





Indiana 89’ Ohio Live Stock Insurance Company (Estiggghed)





CRAWFORDSVILLE. 1 ND.





The Assets of this Company are $254,000.00

over and above all liabilitieSnMore than twice

the Assets of any ofher Live Stock Insurance





Michigan Insurance Agency,

Ford Building, Detroit, Mich. = =





State Agent. .





teaming Losses Pa'd» I90 8





.. .___.“ -._—..





ntuiy Cresol Dip





BEST Mill CHEAPEST SHEEP DIP IN THE WORLD





Permitted by the Government in all Official Dippings for Sheep Scab--

- Figure it out for yourself. One gallon of Century Cresol Dip makes

102 gallons of dipping fluid, ofl‘iCial strength for sheep scab. One_ barrel makes 5,100 gallons.

The actual dipping fluid costs less than 1 cent per gallon, and it is the price of the dipping

fluid that interests you. Century Cresol Dip is a. highly. concentrated, beautiful, clear, amber

colored fluid. sparkling and brilliant. Mixes instantly With water, filling your vat with a. soapy

fluid that quickly penetrates the fleece, softening the skin and any scabs that may be. Con-

tains no rosin, no coal tar, no caustic soda; just pure linseed Oil and cresol saponified with





THISfiUABANTEE IS ON EVERY PACKAGE





our own process.



. The saying in cost of dipping in Century offi-

CIal fluid is tremendous. Remember, it is highly

concentrated. Don’t pay freight on gas house

tar, water and other useless ingredients. ASK

FOR No. 133D and enclose $50.00 for a, 50-

gallon barrel, $6.25 for a 5-gallon can. or

$1.50 for a single gallon.



Address all orders to





, SEARSROEBUCKaaa





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 





You can’t afford to over-

_ ook the _LOUDEN Hay Car-

.rierz—thatus if you want a. car- '

net that Will never break down;

that you do not lend away for repairs

every now and then. Years of hard

usage by thousands of farmers have

proven this to such an extent 4‘s

that they Will not buy any

hay tools, forks, slings. ,

tracks without the ‘/

name LOUDEN on ’ 1’

them. Never' r’

any bind‘





 

 

 

 

 

 





 





We will give $100.00 for.





the 5 best ears of seed corn -

L sent us before Nov. lst, 1909 by users of 1%





' . THE APPLETON “:9 .\

‘ MANURE SPREADER





bought In 1909. Write today for full partic-

ulars, and ask for our FREE S

BOOK, which proves that the Appleton Manure

,, , Spreader is as strong as steel and oak can make

‘ ‘\ it; so simple that any boy who can drive a team

. can run it, as well as any man: and so effective

in operation that it never bunches the manure.

but pulverizes thoroughly and distributes evenly

from the beginning to the end of the load.





20 Fargo St.





on d an [gaffe/15,1356!





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





ing on the track; the sim-

plest lock that works per-

fectly every time; patented

swivel takes kinks out of rope.

Why not buy a. _LOUDEN carrier that

will be good for life. We are hay tool spec-

ialists—Free calalo ue of LOUDEN Lit-

— ter carriers. lexible Barn Door

. Hangers and other labor sav-

ing hardware specialties

Will show you why.

\ F r e e B o o l e t .

\ “ Fitting up



. Buns.”





   





 





 

 





 

   





PREADER





   

 





 





   

   

 

 

   

 





APPLETON MF’G. C0.

Botavia. “L. U. S. A.





   

   





. .4
v





. _.. m..,-.s-s_ .





 





222 (101’





 





 





, 1111-: DAIRY "3





 





“AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA ALLA“-





 





CONDUCTED BY COLON C. LILLIE.





 





25th ANNUAL MEETING MICHIGAN

. DAI‘RYMEN'S ASSOCIATION.





 





This meeting, held at Grand Rapids,

February 17-19, was all that was expect-

ed by its officers, and more. There was

the largest attendance and the greatest

display of dairy machinery and supplies

of any meeting in the history of the asso-

ciation. Many persons outside of the

state were there and all pronounced it a.

great success. Many remarked that the

exhibits were second only to the exhibit

at the National Dairy Show at Chicago.



The opening session at Press Hall was

well attended for the first meeting.

Misses Wilson and Magill gave an instru-

mental duct, and Mr. Wort, instructor in

physical culture of the Y. M. C. A.,

offered prayer.



Mr. E. A. Stowe, ex-president of the

Grand Rapids Board of Trade, read a

very interesting paper welcoming the as—

sociation to Grand Rapids for its 25th

annual convention. Mr.‘ Stowe was the

first secretary of the association and

served for seven years. He told about

the organization'of the association and

of its early struggles. We said even he

did not dream that the association or-

ganized 24 years ago, would develop into

the great and influential association that

we have to day. Mr. Stowe said the asso~

elation was more than welcome to Grand

Rapids, and he hoped it would come

again. I



Hon. T. F. Marston, of Bay City, re-

sponded to the address of welcome with

a few well chosen words, thanking the

people of Grand Rapids, and also Mr.

Stowe, for'the kind welcome.



President Lillie then read his annual

address, which was well received. In full

it was as followzs

Members of Michigan Daiiymen's Asso—



ciation, Ladies and Gentlemen:—



I take great pleasure in greeting you

here today for the occasion of the 25th

annual convention of our association.



The" past year has been withal a.

a fairly prosperous one for the industry

we represent. Altho not as prosperous

as the price of butter and cheese would

seem to indicate, because the cost of pro-

duction—the price of feed, labor, and of

living for the dairy farmer—has increased

quite in proportion to the price of dairy

products. Many think the cost of pro-

duction has increased more in propor-

tion than the price of dairy products. In

this respect the Producer of butter and

cheese has fared better than the producer

of market milk. For some reason not

readily given, the price of market milk

has not advanced in proportion to other

dairy products, and in a majority of in—

stances the ‘mllkman is receiving the

same old price for his product that he

did when feed, labor and the cost of liv—

ing were less.



In our business, like all other kinds of

business, some are making a good profit

and some are making scarcely no profit

at all. It is estimated that the total

value of all dairy products in the United

States for the past year is over $800,000,-

hill), and it is safe to say that the cost

of producing this vast amount of dairy

products was entirely too much. On the

average the dairyman does’nt get the

profit he should. And it is the object of

this association to discuss ways and

means or bringing about greater pros-

perity for the dairy farmer.



The dairy industry may be divided into

three great divisions:



1st. The production of the raw mate-

rial—Imilk—or dairy farming.



2nd. Manufacturing this raw material

into the finished product—butter or

('IIOOSO—Or preparing it for direct con-

sumption.



run. The selling of the various pro-

ducts.



Our greatest opportunity lies with the

producer. Here is where our help is

most needed; and by helping the pro-

ducer we help the manufacturer and the

commission men. I assume that both the

manufacturer and the C(lll’lllllSSlOll man

are making a fair profit now, and in fact,

practically all the profit they can make;

unless they can assist in helping the pro-

ducer to make greater profit, thereby

stimulating him to increased production.

The fundamental principle of our asso-

ciation is that no division of the dairy

industry can prosper permanently unless

all divisions do. Some states have sep-

arate associations for members of the

different divisions and seem to think that





THE." MICHIGAN FARMER r





their interests are separate, .but we be-

lieve thanthe interacts of all divisions

are mutual and can best be subserved

by working hand in hand for the develop-

ment of the entire industry. This is

why we have congregated here this week.





Dairy farmers, buttermakers and cheese,





makers and manufacturers, and commis-



sion men, our interests are common, and



we want the most cordial relations to



exist between the members representing



the different phases of the industry.

Dairy Farming.



Dairy farming is a. broad, complicated

and interesting subject. I can only touch

upon it in a general way.



By a. better understanding of soils,

fertility, rotation of crops and farm

management the average dairy farmer

can produce crops for one—third less

money than he now does.



By proper combination of these foods

and more careful and liberal feeding and

proper care,- the average dairy farmer

can produce milk or butter-fat for one

quarter less money than he does today.



By proper selection and intelligent

breeding, the average dairy farmer can

double the annual production of his cows.

The average annual production for the

cows of the state is said to be around

140 pounds of butter fat, while there are

many herds producing 300 to 500 pounds

and more.



00- ~0peratlvo Cow-Testing Associations.



Co-operative cow—testing associations

are proving to the dairy farmers that

it pays them better to feed the crops

which they grow on their farms to their

cows than it does to sell these crops off

of the farm. The records of some 1,200

cows in four different communities show

on the average the farmers received

$1.85 for every $1.00 worth of feed at

market-prices fed their cows. This will

surely stimulate farmers to do better

work, for only men who do well strive to

do better. The‘cow-testing associations

put dairying on a business basis and

cannot help but create interest and en-

thusiasm in the business.



Auxiliary Dairy Meetings.



The auxiliary dairy meetings of this

society carry dairy enthusiasm into the

very midst of our dairy farmers and are

more helpful in improving production, or

dairy farming, than our annual meetings.

Hence I want to see these meetings kept

up and their influence extended.





improving the Quality of Dairy Products.



Improved quality of dairy products

means much to every phase of the in-

dustry. We are all, as well as the con-

sumer, much interested in clean, whole-

some milk, butter and cheese. For qual-

ity the dairy farmer is almost entirely

responsible. The farmer is blamed for

much he ought not to be and I would

like to find some one else to lay this

question of quality to; but I am unable

to do so. It rests upon the farmer's

shoulders almost entirely. The founda-

tion for quality is clean milk, and the

farmer is alone responsible. If be pro-

duces unclean milk, it means poor but-

ter, unwholesome cheese, and sick

babies. The farmer is to blame for it

and must pay for it because it means

lessened consumption and reduced prices,

while the cost of manufacturing and sell-

ing is not reduced, but rather aug-

mented. If all the milk produced today

was clean milk, there would not be

enough of it to meet the demand—people

would consume so much more milk, but-

ter and cheese.



When farmers come to realize the im-

portance of clean 'milk it is a simple

matter to produce it. It simply means

clean barns, clean cows, clean milkers,

clean dairy utensilsmthat’s all. Don’t

let the dirt and filth get into milk, and

it is clean, and it means much more to

the, farmer than he seems to realize.

Every member of this convention should

consider himself, or herself, a committee

of one to preach the gospel of clean milk.



Manufacturing of Dairy Products.



The manufacture of dairy products is

.in a high state of perfection. Science

and invention have done much in this

department of the dairy industrv. The

crmmcries and cheese factories of Mich—

igan are doing, on the average, good

work. The butter and cheese exhibited

at the educational scoring tests shows

very conclusively that there is a marked

improvement in workmanship. The but-

termakers and the cheesemakers are

making good. They cannot make a good

article from a poor product, the many

of them are manifestly sufficiently skilled

to make the finished product an improve-

ment on the quality of the raw material.

I do not wish to say that we'have no

poor buttermakers, or poor cheesemakers.

We have too many of them. Some





.put of a factory is too small to warrant





'I)airy and Food Commissioner, or some





still make by “the rule of the thumb,”

but many are earnest. conscientious, up-‘

to-date; studying conditions with an idea

to overcome them as far as'possible.

Most of our factories are in good shape,

fairly well managed. . Some are not

equipped with improved machinery and

appliances as well as they should be for

best results, but there has been great

improvement in this direction of late.



The greatest need of our factories to

improve the quality of the output is an

improved quality of the milk and cream

received. The attention of the factory

should be directed to this question, and

a campaign begun to improve the qual-

ity. The greatest good can be accomp-

lished in the shortest time by grading

the cream as it is received "and paying

for the saline according to quality. It

takes some moral courage to do this,

but it should be done.



Business organization is necessary for

this. One factory can accomplish but

little alone. But with a good factory

organization in a given seetion, the work

can be accomplished not only to the

benefit of the manufacturer, but to the

great benefit of the producer. Organ-

ization is necessary for the benefit of

both manufacturer and producers in an-

other direction. Factories are put to

great and unnecessary expense in deliv-

ering cream because they persist in going

into each other’s territory. Territory

Should be divided and increased business

secured by the encouragement of more

intensive dairying. Farmers should be

interested in this question because in-

creased cost of delivering is paid for by

the farmer in the final analysis. This

question should be discussed with patrons





 





and arrangements made that will be sat-l

isfactory to all.

The Selling of Dairy Products.



In selling the dairy products, the idea

should be to get as close to the consumer

as possible. Large factories can dis-

tribute to retailers direct and save thel

wholesale commission. VV‘here the out-





this extra expense, the factories of a

given section could co-operate for this

purpOse, making goods of a uniform qual-

ity and distributing thru one sales agent.

In this way the factories could receive

more for their product. An organization

of factories could hold goods in cold stor-

age just as well as a commission house,

and hold their customers the year thru.

Certified Milk.



Certified milk should be controlled by‘

law in this state. At the present time

anyone can sell common, ordinary, market

milk for certified milk and there is no

one authorized to interfere. We should

have a law defining certified milk and

placing the sale under the control of the





other responsible authority, whose duty

it shall be to see to it that the consumer

is getting what he pays for.



Ice Cream.



Ice cream should also have a standard

fixed by law. Much of the product sold

under the name of ice cream contains

but a small per cent of cream. The na-

tional food and drug act fixes the stand-

ard at 14 per cent butter—fat. Many ice-

cream manufacturers contend that this

is too high. Be that as it may, the con-

sumer and the dairymen should have





 





protection in this product. Frozen skim-

milk and gelatine. corn starch and eggs?

does not make ice cream and ought not,

to be allowed to be sold for that product.’

Vl'e have no particular objection topeo-

pie buying such a. product if they know

what it is. But we, as dairymen, are1

interested in not allowing the public taste‘

to be educated to believe that our delic-

ious cream When frozen makes that sort

of a product.

- Olcomargarine.



Oleomargarino is out for another fight!

and the dairymen of this land and the:

consumersshould join hands in this fight?

and see that it results in another defeat,

for the oleo combination. There ha as.

latelv been introduced into the National

Congress a bill which has for its pur-;

pose to destroy the effect of the Grout

law. The oleo interests, of course, are

back of it and they hope to win by

creating a sentiment among business men

and consumers favorable to their inter-

ests. They call the Grout law the “farm-

ers law” and claim that it was passed

solely for the benefit of farmers and

dairymen. This is a misrepresentation.





It was passed more for the benefit of

the consumers than for the farmers.

Farmers are benefited only indirectly.

The object of most food laws is to pre-

vent deception, to protect the consumer

against fraudulent articles of food, and

the so-called oleo law is no exception.





 





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has been creatingd a sensation at

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w HIGH small profit added. .Wo save

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Ton are aimp throwing monfi'd away if you pay 3

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manufacturing cost with one .





 





 





Albaugh- Dover Co., ”BTW Blvd. CHICAGO





 





 





Let the Saginaw Silo '





DOUBLE Your Profits





on are losing money every you-

' 011' no without a 8 inaw

Silo. No Silo

compare with it. Gownca exit

its silage ravenously. crowd-

“ka i emsolveo to t thetull out

1111 -a vingfca 1 y. '

-. min-omit: all“:

can almost" see them grow.

, W or corn. clover and

alfalfam grow. the Saginaw

Silo is makl farmers rich.

Thisfiilo outs own feed bills

If and doubles your profits.

- F rims] or “dour rout.

- roe 03110 3 age

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Ind om rm

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Box 64 Saginaw. Hich.

Del Helms. In. Minneapolis





cow-«sue Rt;

FEED MILL





(Sold with at without Elevator. )

CRUSH cu coup—with or without

shocks—4nd GRIND all kinds . '

small grains. Us. Conic-I SM”

Milo". Diln'cutframaa other;





LlBIITEST IIIIIIIIIIG ,





Handy” 0'0"... '37 olzoo Bto ‘. -

36h. p. One-size for windwhee use.

Also make Swap Grinders .Gomd





   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 





 





 





 

 

   

 





 

 

 

 





l can afford to be without

I Suite Governor

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27’ Wrifio the lauufuturou.





'/ Strife Governor Pulley 1:...





e‘ ..

” ’Irllfltfi‘Ir ”Md”. I .





ZIMMERMANN STEEL CO..-





Lonc Tree, Iowa *
, FEB; 27, 1909.





What right have people to 00101‘ tallow

to resemble butter? Why do they want

it to look like butter? Simply to deceive

and deftéud the purchaser, the consumer.

If oleo is as good as butter, why not

sell it as it is and take the market away

from tho dairymen? People say oleo is

better than poor butter. I will agree to

that, but it does not compare with good

butter, and never can, and the oleo peo-

ple realize it. Oleo can be produced

cheaper than butter. It is not as good as

butter and it should be sold for less

money to the consumer than butter; and

besides, people are willing to pay more

for buter than they are for oleo. The

only way that oleo can be sold for butter

prices is to deceive the people and make

them believe they are buying butter.

Hence, the law is primarily to protect

the consumer.





But oleo interests claim that if the





dairyman is allowed to color butter, the

oleo manufacturer has a right to color

tallow. That is not reasonable. The

dairyman does not color butter to de-

ceive the consumer. He does not claim

that it is something else after it is col-

cred. In fact, he does not color butter

produced under natural conditions in the

summer when the cows have green grass

for a food. That butter is colored na-

turally. The dairyman colors butter made

when the cow is fed dry food, simply so

all butter will be uniform in color. If

the oleo manufacturer wants his product

to have a color other than 'its natural

one, why dont he color it green or pink.

'No, he must take the trade' mark of

butter, solely for the purpose of deceiv-

ing and defrauding his customers. Peo-

ple are coming to understand these mat-

ters better than they used to and, in my

opinion, the campaign of the oleo man-

ufacturers will not accomplish its pur-

pose. People will not now be deceived

by paid “ads” in the cosmopolitan press

and trade papers misrepresenting this

question. They begin to realize that

this ,law is primarily for the protection

of the public 'and they will not allow

Congress to repeal it, for if it is done,

a body blow will be struck at all pure

iood legislation. I don’t believe person-

ally in taxing colored oleo 100 a pound.

I would prohibit absolutely 'the coloring

of oleo in imitation of yellow butter.

That settles the whole question, protects

the consumer, and does justice to the

dairy industry.

Recommendations.



An association matter of considerable

importance should be decided once for all

at this meeting. For a number of years

many of the members of this association

have felt that the secretary is not entitled

to a salary from the association and also

the money received from advertising in

the annual program book. As an asso-

ciation, we have not sufficient revenue

to do the work that we wish to do and

should do. Yet the secretary, in addition

to a fair and reasonable salary for the

work he does, receives annually several

hundred dollars additional from the sale

of advertising space in the year book.

Yet if it was not for his position as see-

retary of this association, he could not

get one dollar of it.



Two years ago, at the annual meeting

at Saginaw, the committee on resolutions

offered a resolution granting an increase

of salary to the secretary and requesting

him to turn the money received from ad-

vertising over to the association as part

of its funds. This resolution was passed

unanimously. Yet the secretary has

never complied with that portion of the

resolution pertaining to money receiVed

from advertising, altho he accepted the

increased salary. Now, in my judgment,

it should be thoroly understood by the

incoming secretary, whoever he may be,

that this money received for advertising

belongs to the association and not to the

secretary personally, or this resolution

should be repealed forthwith.



Our fiscal year ends .lune 30th of each

year. Our financial statement must be

for the year beginning .luly 1st, and end-

ing June 30th. It would be better in





many ways to have the term of office

of the various officers begin and end

with the fiscal year. This would give





the old secretary the opportunity of com-

plcting the, records and editing the annual

report. “'9, are also in the, habit of'hold-

ivng one or more auxiliary meetings in

the spring after the annual election of

Officers, which meetings many times have

been arranged for by the old officers.

It would allow all officers to complete

their work before they went out of office.

I would therefore recommend that the

by—laws specify that the terms of the

officers elected at this and future annual

meetings shall begin on July 1st following





, THE MICHIGAN , FARMER.





such election, and expire on June 30th of

the next succeeding year. .



In conclusion I wish to eipress my

thanks and appreciation for having been

your president for four successive years.

I have enjoyed the work very much and

I have tried always to work for the best

interests of the association. The time

has now come, however, when I feel that

it would be well to pass this office to some

one of the many able and Worthy mem-

bers of our association who will give of

his time and energy sufficiently to carry

on the good work and make our associa-

tion a still greater factor in the further

development of our great industry. It

takes considerable time, and energy to

do the work as it ought to be done, and

I feel that I have done my duty in this

respect and that I have sufficient work in

other directions to take all my time.

Pass the honors and the work along.



While I no longer desire to be your

presiding officer, I do desire to continue

to be one of the working members of the

society, always willing to do all that I

can for the best interests of the asso-

ciation.



Secretary—Treasurer Wilson read his

annual statement of the condition of the

finances of the association. His report

was referred to the board of directors.





The Cheesemakers’ Session.



The Wednesday afternoon session was

given over to the discussion of topics of

particular interest to commercial cheese-

makers. The session was pleasantly

opened with music by Misses Wilson and

Magill.



“Side Lights on Cheese Making," was

the first topic on this program, this being

the subject of an address by U. S. Baer,

secretary of the WiSConsin Cheesemakers’

Association. As an essential to successful

cheese making Mr. Baer urged the use

of commercial starters and close atten-

tion to all the details of the process.

He is of the opinion that quality in the

product depends more upon close attention

to details of the work than any other

one thing. He believes the curing of





>5 4-





(11)





223





 





 





WHAT THE





WORLD’S BIGGEST USERS

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GREAM SEPARATORS





 





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sible, the sale of the so-calied





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At the present time We are not .

separator, but for the future good of our own busmess as well as

the dairy industry, we are naturally anxious to see every dalry-

man who buys' a hand separator buy the machine that will prove

long run,

taught us that when it comes to efficiency,

knocks the De Laval Hand Cream Separator easily stands in a



BEAT'RJcE CREAMERY Co..

A. E.





LINCOLN, NEBRASKA. November 11, 1908.





When we first began in. theclreamery business we. operated sev-

the various makes of potations and had in use a large number of

superiority of the De Lawer separators. .

eral hundred skimming sval Separators we found_1t necessary to

replace all other makes with the De. Laval and thls proved one of

investments that we ever made. _



During the years 1901 and 1902 the hand separators came into

very general use and our thousands of patrons naturally looked to

us for advice as to the most efficient and most durable separator

Realizing the necessity of preventing,

“just as good”

arators we secured the agency of the De Laval.

derful record back of the De Laval machine, .

positive proof we could show by actual demonstration, we were

able in a few years to sell from twenty—five to thirty thousand of

the De Laval Hand Cream Separators, and we are pleased.to say

that they have given universal satisfaction and are still in use,

while most of the so-called “cheap" separators that a few of our

patrons were foolish enough to buy have found their final resting





Owing to the all-around





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With the won-

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and wide experience has

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WILKINSON, General Manager.





 





 





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cheese in cold storage to be essential to

the development of a proper flavor in the

product, and asserted that the best flavor

could not be scucred in any other way.

“The Necessity of Using Commercial

Starters in Cheese Making,” was the next

topic and the subject of an excellent talk

by E. A. Haven, State Dairy Inspector,

of Bloomingdale. Mr. Haven strongly

advocated the use of commercial starters

in cheesemaking as the only successful

means of securing uniformity in the

product. In fact, he declared this to be

the principal object in using commercial

starters. A uniform quality of cheese

can be made in no other way, in Mr.

Haven’s opinion, nor can the best flavor

be secured without the use of starters.

Under ordinary factory conditions, where:

a commercial starter is not used there:

may be a great difference in the quality‘

of the cheese made on successive days;

and a, corresponding difference in the:

flavor and texture of the product. The

use of commercial starters is a means

to the desired end of overcoming this

tendency to variation in the product and





 





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“Making Soft Michigan (“home With a[

Curd Mill,” was the subject of an ad-1

dress by L. R. Sigufoose, of Montgomery.

This speaker is strongly in favor of the

use of the curd mill in the making of,

soft Michigan cheese as a means of con—

trolling the quality and uniformity of the

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An animated discussion followed the

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gram, which discussion fully substantiated





the modern methods of manufacture

which they advocated gave the, best re—

sults in the uniformity and desirability Of‘

the product.

City Milk Supply Session.



Considerable time was taken up at this

session by the, reports of committees and

resulting action in the ‘

by—laws by the association.





the contention of all the speakers that, THE 8088

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siderable discussion the new by—laws re-

ported by thc committee having this mat— ,

tcr under consideration were adopted by'

the convention. These included several

changes, notable among which were those.

recommended by the president in his an-

nual address, making the term of

the officers, like the fiscal year of

providing for the publication of the an—

nual program under the direction of the

board of directors, the receipts from the

sale of advortising space in same to go'

into the funds of the association, instead

of to the secretary. A provision was also;





 

 





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THE MICHIGAN FARMER,

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Collecting Subscriptions

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added to the effect that nominations as

well as elections of officers of the associa-

tion should be by ballot, the three c‘andi-





dates receiving the highest number of





votes on the nominating ballot to become.

candidates for election.





“Past, Present and Future of the City

Milk Supply," was the first number on

the program proper for the afternoon, a

transposition of the numbers as printed

in the program having been made to

permit the use of the stereopticon with-

the last number instead of the first. Mr.

Probert presented a vivid word picture

of the milkman of the old days, who

drove up to the door in his old rig, rang

his bell at the gate and waited for the

busy housewife to come out and wait on

him, when he dipped ‘her daily milk sup-

ply out of the can he carried and which

often contained a product that was far

from wholesome, except the portion which

it was sometimes charged, he produced

by the aid of the pump. Today the city

milk supply as described by Mr. Probert,

is of an entirely different character and

delivered in an entirely different way.

It is hedged about by many safeguards.

The milk peddler is licensed by the city

and by the state, and his product is sub-

ject to frequent inspection by municipal

and state authorities. and not only his

product but the premises upon which it

is produced as well. And yet, with all

the improvement which has been marked

in this industry in recent years, the

speakerpointed out that only a beginning

has been made in the progress which is

needed and which is surely coming along

this line. While the city milk of today is

delivered at the door or into the ice box

in the city home, put up in glass bottles

and is a 'much better product than was

available a few years ago, yet there is

much to be desired in the way of im-

provement, and sufficient milk of the

best quality cannot be secured to satisfy

the demand in our cities. He pointed out

that the cow is rapidly becoming the

foster mother of the children of our coun~

try, and that man can engage in no more

noble occupation than the furnishing of

the most wholesome and healthful milk

for the nourishing of their bodies and

the development of their. intellect, nor in

a more reprehensible business than the

furnishing of an unwholesome or unclean

milk product for a similar purpose.

ll'hile Mr. Probert declared that the

dairyman who is in the business of sup-

plying milk to the city trade has hard

pegging, yet by furnishing a good product

at a fair price he can both help himself

in a business way and prove a public

benefactor.





“Certified Milk,” was the subject of an

exceptionally able paper by Mr. Lewis B.

Hall, of Grand Rapids. Mr. Hall defined

certified milk as milk, the purity of which

was certified by medical associations, and

that while a good many people look on it

as a fad, it means something. He gave

:1 brief history of the progress of the

certified milk business from a small be-

ginning at Newark, N. J., some years ago,

until today certified milk is obtainable

in all of our larger cities, and stated that

while there are plenty of people to be

found who are constantly discrediting a

good product, yet they are generally peo-

ple that don‘t know anything about the

proposition which they are “knocking.”

The physicians who pass upon the quality

of the certified milk product have no

financial or other interest in the propo-

sition, except as they have a natural

interest in the fighting of disease and its

sources, but Mr. Hall provoked consider-

able laughter by saying that he could

not deny that the physicians did get a.

rebate on the milk they use, adding that

they get milk for ten cents a quart that

is well worth 12 or 14 cents, the same as

everyone else that buys certified milk

does. Mr. Hall explained that under nor-

mal conditions the milk used in the coun-

try family is consumed before it is 12

hours old, while of necessity the milk

which is consumed in the city is from

24 to 36 hours old, unless the “true kings

nod queens of the world, the farmers and

their wives,” arise at an unseemly hour

in order that the city people might have

:i fresher product. He urged, rather, the

production of a better and cleaner product

that would keep until used under present

conditons, adding that while cleanliness

is: generally accepted to be next to God-

liness, in the case of milk production

rleanliness is Godliness. In the dairy

business almost right is altogether wrong,

and he advised the man who would go

into the production of certified milk to

make his friends at a distance a last

farewell visit, for while he remained in

the business he would never have another

opportunity to visit them, provided he





I





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





gave that' close attention to the details

of the business which would insure a.

good, wholesome product. In closing,

Mr. Hall assured the dairymen- present

that they would be welcomed at Hall

Bros.’ farm to look over their plant at

any time during visiting hours.





“Improving the Market Milk Supply,"

was the topic of a very interesting illus-

trated lecture by Mr. Iven C. Weld, as-

sistant in market milk investigations,

Washington, D. C. Mr. Weld started

out with the assertion that he had found

in the course of his investigations that

fully 28 per cent of people in the large

cities of the country were not now using

milk as a beverage or food that would

use it as such in case they were satis-

fied that the available product was clean.

A chart was shown comparing the death

rate of infants reared on cow's milk with

that among infants that are 'nursed in

the natural way, showing a wide differ-

ence, especially in the summer months.

when in the heat of the season the

mortality among the bottle-fed infants

reaches the appalling proportions of one

in four. The responsibility of sum con-

ditions must be fixed largely on the pro-

ducer, a fact which the speaker proceed-

ed to illustrate in a clear and compre-

hensive manner. He illustrated by means

of lantern slides the many various ways

in which contamination of the milk sup-

ply will occur as ordinarily handled on

the average farm. The rapidity with

which colonies of bacteria are produced

by small causes, such as the presence of

a 'hair in the milk, as shown by the views

presented with this lecture, is most sur-

prising, while the views presented of con-

ditions about barns and stables where

contamination was shown to occur were

such as can be duplicated in thousands

of neighborhoods in Michigan as well as

elsewhere. In comparison with these

scenes, others were shown where desir-





able conditions prevail for the making.-





of a clean product, which had been se-





lected with a. view of demonstrating that .





an expensive outfit is not necessary to

the production of a good article. A case

in point which was of particular interest

was noted in the illustration of the build- ;

ings of a Kentucky farmer who is en-

gaged in the production of certified milk

in a plant of very ordinary appearance

on the exterior, but which is a model of

cleanliness on the interior, the interest-

ing feature of his case being. that he lost

two children bhru his careless methods

of producing milk before he cleaned up

and went into the certified milk business,

the incentive which moved him to take

the step being that he might save others

from the loss which he had suffered as





a result of his own carelessness. é ’





Mr. “'eld closed with an appeal to his‘

hearers to produce a better product, as-

suring them,that it would sell for a bet-

ter price. But he also deprecated the

excuse which is so often made for not

producing a better product, the old ex-

cuse that, “if we only got a little better

price we could afford to clean up and

produce better milk.” He stated that he

had heard this excuse among the farmers

of Pennsylvania, where they are getting

but a little above two cents per quart

for the milk sold for the Pittsburg mar-

ket. He had heard it again in Massa-

chusetts, where the farmers adjacent to

Boston are getting around four cents

per quart for the milk which supplies the

Boston market. And he had heard it

again in Virginia, where the farmers

who supply the milk for the Richmond

'market at practically six cents per quart

still said, “if we could only get a. little

better price we could afford to clean up,

and produce a better quality of milk.”



Altogether, this was a most interesting

and entertaining lecture, as indeed was

the whole session, and while it was de-

signed primarily for a discussion of prob-‘

lems which are of particular interest to

the lmilkman who is selling market milk,

yet the subjects were of engrossing inter-

est to every dairyman present, since no

matter What disposition they make of

their product the same rules must be

observed in its production if the article

produced is to be one “hell will command

:1 high price on the market or which can

enter into the manufacture of an article





 





meeting of the Michigan IDairymen's As-





regular feature. The large building de-

voted to this exhibit was taxed to its

capacity, the booths in which the ex-

hibits were made being tastily decorated.

while souvenir badges and mementoes

were much in evidence. Aside from giv-

ing an- opportunity to those present to





of the morning to this purpose gave those

present an opportunity to renew their

acquaintance one with another, and thus

to make stronger the feeling of good fel-

lowship and mutual interest which should

characterize an organization of this kind.

(Continued in next issue).





.333 4





 





 





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that will fill a similar demand as to;

quality. 5

Exhibitors' Session. i



Not the least interesting forenoon of the;

meeting was devoted to an examination,

of the exhibits in the annex provided for‘

the exhibit put up by the supply men

and for the monthly scoring contestI

conducted by the State Dairy and Food

Department. This exhibit was generally

conceded to be. the best one of the kind

ever made in connection with the annual,





 





are posted and who demand the best.

And by intensifying the circuitous and tortu-

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the separator bowl, we have been able to





Greatly Reduce the Diameter

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Notwithstanding m 0 st manufacturers

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We have distributing warehouses in every dairy section in the United States and Canada.





VERMONT HRH IAGIIIIIE. 00.; Bellows Falls, Vi.





S
FEB. 27, 1909.





'THE FERTILITY OF THE DAIRY

FARM.





 





Dairy farming properly conducted will

build up the fertility of the farm faster

than any other branch of general farm-

ing; but the up-to-date dairy farmer

m'ust abandon old and unprofitable prac-

tices and introduce new and improved

methods of handling his soils. We dairy

farmers have been victims of the ignor-

ant belief that the fertility of our farms

is dependent upon the number of cows

that we are feeding and the amount of

grain foods and commercial by-products

that we have been buying and feeding to

our cattle, regardless of the uses we

have been making of the manure result-

ing from their feeding and the methods

of cultivation, renovation, rotation and

fertilization that we have been prac-

ticing for years. '



To make a fetich of the manure heap

and feed thirty-doilar-a—ton grain foods

and commercial by-products to unprofit-

able dairy cows cannot work out as a.

safe principle in farm management, for

we cannot make good the loss of either

at the pail or in the manure.



It is easy for a man to write an article

telling of the increased fertility that is

brot onto the farm thru the feeding of

dairy cows and to prove to us by actual

figures that a ton of butter will remove

practically no fertility from our farms,

but it is quite another thing for this

same man to manage a herd of dairy

cows so that they will gradually bring

about the improvement of the fertility of

his farm.





 





In all of our older dairying sections we





are compelled to recognize a situation»

that certainly ought not to exist. The:





land has been gradually depreciating in

value until many of the largest (lair)-

.fanms can be purchased today for less

money than the original cost of building

the houses and outbuildings. This con-

dition is not the fault of any weakness In

the dairy business but has been brot

about by dairymen themselves neglecting

every modern method of soil handling

until their lands have become in such

poor physical condition‘ that they no

longer produce profitable crops. As long

as they were making large amounts of

manure they thot they were safe and

depended upon their cows to maintain

the fertility of their farms while they

were fighting nature at every turn and

violating every established rule of soil

improvement.



In order to make my points plain and

not confuse my readers I am going to

discuss briefly the methods of cultiva-

tion, renovation, crop rotation and fer-

tilization that are being practiced by the





 





successful dairy farmers in some of the

most prosperous dairying sections of the

country.

Cultivation.



' In order to improve the physical con-

dition of our soils and derive the full

benefit from 'manures and organic mat-

ter that is plowed under we must prac-

tice more intense cultivation. One les-

son that dairy farmcrs need to learn is

that a small amount of stable manure

will go a long way toward maintaining

soil fertility when proper cultivation is

practiced. We must give these old soils

water and air drainage so that we may

plow deeper and decompose larger

amounts of organic matter, increase the

root growth of our crops and grow crops

that Will increase the amount of available

nitrogen in the soil, for much of the best





 





land in dairying sections is unproductive

on account of being water-logged during

the larger portion of the year.





Renovation. :



The average farmer has a. better under- .

standing of soil-improving crops than of;

renovating crops. Clover is an excellent

renovating crop. It puts the soil in a

loose and friable condition and prepares

it for more perfect pulverization by the

implements used in cultivating and fit-

ting. The clover plants act as a leaven,

making the soil porous and distributing

certain gases which disintegrate the soil

particles, allowing a free circulation of

the air among the roots and increasing

the water—holding capacity of the soil.

This action of the air and water around

the roots of the plants enables them to

do better work at nitrogen fixation, as

well as renovating the soil for the suc.





 





ceeding crops.



The long root systems of the clover}

plants penetrate the depths of the sub-i

soil and silently search for mineral plant}

food which they bring up from below and

leave within easy reach of the roots 01

plants that succeed in the rotation. They

make the soil more porous and it is more.

easily penetrated by the roots of .the





THE MICHIGAN FARMER; (m 225

Concrete Construction on the Farm





ECONOMICAL¥DU RABLE—SIGHTLY—SANITARY—ADAPTABLE





If you contemplate building anything of wood, brick, metal or stone, consider

first that economy in building and construction on the farm depends on

the lasting'qualitics of the materials used.





Wood is short lived at best, requires paint and repairs and

is steadily advancing in price.

Brick and cut stone are too expensive for practical farm pur-

poses, and in many cases are not readily available.

CONCRETE is being adopted by farmers and stock men in all

parts of the country, because—

It will outlast wood, it is cheaper than brick or

. stone and is more adaptable.

_ Its first cost is the only cest.

Repairs and painting are avoided.

Cleanliness and sanitary conditions are secured.

Every man can be his own builder.





"ATLAS” Portland Cement is in greater demand than any _ .

other cement, because of its well-known standard quality, unfailing uniformity and the :l

reputation that backs the trade-mark.





When you build use-F'ATLAS.” Insist on getting it. There is only

one quality manulaclurod—the same for everybody. You wlll know It by

the trade-mark.





   





TRADE-MARK





 





NONE JUST AS GOOD





Daily productive Capacity over 40,000 barrels.

OUR BOOK‘ SENT FREE .

' "Concrete Construction about the Home and on the Farm " contains





dozens of pictures, together with full specifications and directions for all sorts

of buildings, devices and farm appliances. It’s free on request.





 





 





 





 





 

 

 





 





. ‘ , iii-3?";

THE ATLAS puanAND 'BEMENT chple'nEpr; :2 so again) '51: NEW YORK at





(ATLAS -THE CEMENT ORDERED BYTHE useuvmuuzur ran THE PANAMA [ANAL





 





 





 





THERE’S A

REASON.





Carefully read every

word we say here.





In 1908, we sold more

New Iowas than any of

our competitors believed

we would ever sell. The

fact is, we are cutting

such a wide swath in the

cream separator field

that other Companies

are trying to combine

their efforts to stop the rapid prestige and large sales of

the New Iowa. Do you suppose they can do it? No, never.

It is because we have the most scientifically and strong-

est built, easiest turning, easiest cleaning and handiest Faclory Law”. In m. worm,

cream separator in the world today. The New Iowa is

built in the largest and best equipped cream separator fac-





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





tory in the world. We can’t tell you all about it here but IOWA DAIRY SEPARATOR CO.

if you will give us your name and addres on the blanks, 108 Bridge St. Waterloo, Iowa.

cut out same and send to us, we wilI send you our large I - . .



. . . . . . . t t d - '

catalog which is printed in beautiful colors, givmg a great quote :rgui'nilfwecfsfprilgcsa. cream separator Mall me “talc!" and

many shop views and explaining how a cream separator

must be built to be durable and give you complete satisfac- Name ..

tion. We will show you right on your own farm that the

NOW 'OWG is the machine for you to purchase. 1’. O......... .. ..

'08 Bridge Street, WATERLOO, IOWA. State



ERIZE VINN ERS g , .

And How to Raise Them “ 41m“ “‘Mx

Did you ever ask the man who raises prize winning ~ i "' Al“ “





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





farm stock how he does it? He will tell you that his success

is largely due to the care he gives his animals. No matter how high grade the

breed may be if you don’t give it; the right care you won’t get prizes nor profits.

You don‘t find prize—Winners pestered with lice, mites, ticks, scab, mange, eczema,

worms, etc. No. sir! Their owners see to it that barns, stalls, feed boxes, troughs,

etc., are thoroughly disinfected. They dip their animals with , en '1





M to rid them of all pests and you must do the same if you expect to raise



the standard of your stock. Even if you don’t expect. to raise prize-winners you do expect to raise stock that. brings



you profit. Thousands of the leading stockmen of this country depend absolutely on Hygeno—the surest, safest, most sat;-



lstactory dip and disinfectant known. Let; us send you our valuable Stock Book and sample—Free. Hygeno is sold by dealers.

Do not accept





it yours can‘t supply THE HYGENO [flSlflFEGTANT 60., BIQ‘Euclid Ave., Cleveland, Ohlo. any subsmute.





you send to us.





Don’t Buy Gasoline Engines





Until you investigate 3 two-cylinder gasoline, kerosene or alcohol Engine. superior t0 any one-cylin-



er engine; revolutionizing power. Its wcig t and bulk are half that of single



N THE MASTER WOBKMA" 9’ cylinder engines, with greater durability. Costs Less to Buy —— Less to Run.

. Quickly, easily started. Vibration practically OVGI‘CilmP- Cheaply mounted on



any wagon. It is a combination portable, stationary or traction engine. 1 and 3 H.-P. Air Cooled Pumping Engines—

Centrifugal and Power Pumps. THE TEMPLE PUMP co., Mfrs., Meagher and 15th Stsu Chicago. THIS IS OUR 56th YEAR.
1909 TUBULAR “A”





Common “disc" or "bucket

bowl” separators require more

careful leveling than Tubulars.

Yet. to level these common separa-





tors. you must place a spirit level

on their frames. if their frames

are a little out of true. as they usu-

ally are. the leveling of the common

“disc" or "bucket bowl” separator

is largely guesswork.





 





Here I Am





The plumb bob is one of the handy improvements on the 1909

Sharples Tubular “A” Cream separator. It adds miles to the great

lead Tubulars have always had over all other separators.



This “plumb bob" enables you to set the 1909 Tubular “A”

perfectly level in a minute—quicker than you could find the spirit

level needed to set any other separator. You can always tell, by a

glance at the plumb bob, whether Tubular “A” separators are level, ‘

thus always keeping the Tubular up to its very best work. Just

another example (if the “up to the minute” and “away ahead of the

rest” character of Tubulars.





Tubulars Are Different From All Other Separators





' Tubulars are built on absolutely correct principles—that is, Tubulars have a bottom fed bowl:

hanging below a simple, frictionless ball bearing. The one piece frame and the permanent, compact.

strong construction of Tubulars enables us to add to Tubulars some very handy devices which it is. im-

possible for other manufacturersvto use on their constantlychanging common “bucket bowl”machines.



The incorrect principles of common “bucket bowl” machines—that is, a top fed bowl set up on

top of a spindle—make all such machines unsatisfactory and necessitate constant changes that are

merely makeshifts and not improvements. .



Tubulars are built in the world’s greatest, best equipped

cream separator works. We have additional Tubular factories in

Canada and Germany. Tubular sales for 1908 were way ahead of

1907—way out of sight of any competitor, if not all competitors

combined.





Our 1909 Tubular “A” is better than any previous Tubu-

lar and is guaranteed forever in every part.





Write for Catalog N o. 152.,





The Sharples Separator Co.





WEST CHESTER. PA. Portland. Ore.

San Francisco. Ca].





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





it is the easiest thing in the

world to level the Tubular “A”

cream separator shown here.

Simply Wedge up under the cor-

ners of machine until the point

of the plumb bob bangs directly

over the point of the plumb bob

center. or plug. set into the base of

the frame. Done in a minute and

always right. Observe the low sup- .

ply can on the Tubular—you need





‘I‘ t . c .

not move it to take out the bowl. "on o a"





 





Winnipeg. Can.





ChicadOp Illa





 





 





 





 





 





 





Horses Sore Shoulders





Any wounds or skin trouble of your stock

we can cure; also scalp and skin diseases

and any wounds in your family. We ask

for no money. but send our remedy by re:

turn mall at our expense; you are under no

obligation. Write today.





ELKllURST, Box 24, Tyrone, Pa,





ABERDEEN ANGUS gfitgsgvgr'hggfrgr-gigm Northern Grown Jerse s.

Bargains. freight expenses to buyers of five head. ROYCROFT FARM. Sldflfl-W. Mic -





CLOVER BLOSSOM FARM. Port Austin. Mich.

JERSEY BULL CALF. born March 10.’08. Dam’s





A (gnome lot of average yearly milk record 5 years 85261bs.: test

Aymhlre Calves for Sale. fall calves and . 5 4-10 i- Sire's Dams rec. 10062ubs. as 2-year-old test 5





 





 





B E R K S H I R E Sfiflffififlvlg





Duke. and our new herd boar Prime Bacon

98611. a great son of the noted Lord Bacon. and

of intense Masterpiece breeding. Guernsey's.

M. B. Tnkeys. B. Ply. Rocks. Pekin Ducks.

Hupp Farms. Birmingham. Mich. G. C. Hupp. Mgr.





few yearling bulls. bred with greatest care. Berkshire

Pigs—stock from Lovejoy & Son and C. 3. Bartlett.

Write for rices. Inspection solicited. MICHI-

GAN SCHOOL FOB THE DEAF. Flint. Mich.





W A NT E D Registered Guernsey Cows

and Heifers. also A. No. l

bull. Give description and price.

J. C. BUTLER. Portland. Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





1:.You Can’t Cut Out





A BOG SPAVIN, PUFF 03'

THOROUGHPIN. but





Aasoasme





will clean them of! permanentl . and

you work the horse‘ same time. {)083 i

not blister or remove the hair. Will .

tell you more if you write. $2.00 per

bottle at d’lers or deliv’d.Book 4Dfree.

ABSORBINE. JR.. for mankind.

- 81 bottle. Reduces Varicose Veins.Var-

icocele. Hydrocele. Ruptured Muscles or Lipa-

ments. Enlarged Glands. Allays pain quickly.

I. F. YOUNG. P.il.F.. 63 Monmouth St. Springfield. Mass.





   





   





rill"





 





Wino “5‘ tutu“;





I

ll





‘ :."l





   

 





 





 





Try Dr. Fair’s New

Worm Remedy





-LFREE!





If new customers will send dc to ay postage.

we will send a 25c box (12 doses) 0 Dr. Fair’s

New Worm Remedy, and write you a letter

telling about worms and how to kill them with-

out hurting the horse. We deliver 60 separate

doses (5 times the quantity) by mall for 01.00





DR. FAIR VETERINARY REMEDY 00..

W. o. FAIR, V. 5.. Prop’r,

6712-14 Carnegie Ave.. Cleveland. 0.





 





 





 





 





 





Owl Brand Pure cotton Seed Meal

49 Percent Protein and Fa . 22°31“: filis'fzomou‘f.‘

No. ll and prices. F. W. 8801)]! a 00.. Memphis. Tons.





WANT to buy 6 A No. l Mllkers for Cheese Fac

tory. Holstein co we or grades. Black Face type

good size. J. C. GETTEL. Sebewaing. Mich. R. l-





rnrmrss' nmrcronr.

CATTLE.





ABERDEEN-ANGUS.





Herd headed by UNDULA'I‘A BLACKBIRD

[TO 83836. one of the best sons of PRINCE ITO

50006. and Grand Champion Bull at the Detroit

and Grand Rapids Fairs of 1907 and 1908. Herd con.

sists oi Ericas. Blackbirds. Prides. etc.

WOODCOTE STOCK FARM. Ionla. Mich.





:‘x'l'iV .g LCW ,' ..;i ". Q »;\ is". a ';





 





 





' ' ' HICKORY GROVE STOCK

Hakim-Fm“:- mm.o... mamas...

B. 1. Oak Grove. Leiv. 00.. Michigan. Bell phone





llOLSTElN FRIESIANSZI‘L'E'InTi; 323.2333:





Royal King. W. B. JONES.Oak Grove.B. No.3.Mich.





Holstein-Friesian

BULL





A grand individualfrom a noted A. R.

0. show cow, and the best bred bull in

the west. Also a low iemaics.





REED 8: KNOWLES,

HOWELL, - MICHIGAN.





HOLSTEINS.





A few young cows soon to freshen. 3 now fresh.

3 bulls and 3 bull calves. Write {or what you want,

L. E. CONNELL. Fayette. Ohio.





EXTRA rmmhhtn’iflidatrm





hull of

the breed—dam gave over 60 lbs. of milk a day only a





 





 





 





 





little past 2 yrs. old. Big growthy calf. beautifully l





marked. C. D. WOODBURY. East Lansing. Mich.





TOP NOTC l'l HOLSTEINS





We have "Top Notch" young Holstein Bulls that

combine in themselves the blood of cows that now

hold. and in the past have held, world’s records for

milk and butter fat.



One of them could lmpart the rare qualities of

these great ancestors to all their offspring in your

herd. Cost nominal considering benefit secured.

Why not “build up"? "The Best” ls cheapest. ’



McPHERSON FARMS 00.. Howell. Mich.





— b 11 . H i

HOLSTElllS 3523i??? .55? 2.18322”. “$1521?

I. M. SHORMAN. Fowlerville. Mich.. R. D. d; Phone

H E R E FOR ”ramparts:





China hogs. R. E. ALLEN. Paw Paw. Mich.





ran POLLED BULLS. t:::°&3%§§$3“£:t%°g





 





 





 





 





sows. John Berner a Son. Grand Ledge. Michigan. '





JERSEY BULLS READY FOR SERVICE.





Three young bulls ready for spring service..out of

good cows with records oi 400 to 600 poundsof butter

in a year with only ordinary care. Also a fine lot of

young calves. Write for description and rices.

COLON C. LILLII. Coopersville. _ ich.





H ,1 ..._ m... :._ in... ui'v .





 





 

 

 

 

 





2.1M. Murray-Waterman 00.. Ann Arbor. Mich. R5. 5





3 3Delaine Ewes. 3 to 6 years old. All safe in lamb.

(April 15.)Big boned. big ewes. heavy shearers.





NORTHERN BROWN BEBKSHIIIIIES.





Price $6.00 each. L. R. KUNEY. Adrain. Mich. ROYCROF'I‘ FARM. Sidnaw. 1m. .

‘ DAMS BROS. lMPROVED CHESTER WHITES,I.itchfieid,Mich.,





MARSTON FARM—JERSEY CATTLE. won more premiums in '08 than any otherherd in Michigan.





Stock all ages for sale. Prize winning W. ‘Orplngton, W. Leg.

1" F‘ MARSTON‘ Buy CI". Mlomnn' horn and Buff Rock eggs, $1 per 15. Shorthorn bulls & heifers,





 





 





 





 





050105 JERSEYS- i133??? '.iiifiib.'.'§"n§‘i‘iiei CHESTER warms—Five sows bred for April





CLARENCE mus'ron. R. No. a. Fenton. mos. furrow. Fallplga ofsupenor





individuality. Write for description and price.

MONTEREY STOCK FARM. Red Pollsd Cattle COLON C. LILLIE. Coopersville. Mich.

Bulls a Heifers 10 to 14 months. Cows all ages.





prices low. E. BRACKETT. Aileiran. Mlchl‘fln. _A few choice youngsowa



. _ CHESTER WHITES bred for April tarrow.



FOR SALE—6 rem-gar? sffoflhghn bulls old shouts}: forv Also fall pigs either sex. Orders booked for June

service, y or iern amplon,a no mp.



Myatchampion. JOHN scnuwr, a. 4, Reed City, Mich. deliver” W. 0' WILSON' ammo" Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





I FOR S ALE—Shannon cows and heifers. i 0. l. C. SOWS gigging-21:??? '12,? 353' “333:2.“





hm... “necessitated .E- E- men .. son. 3...... 1......





 





0. I. C. “_PREMIUM STOCK.’ Choice Aug. boar. and



i; giganogggg'ggglgfgfiig: m...ems‘sastsslslr.r:lfi.:zratam: it?“



HORN CATTLE. Have a“ “896: both sexes- 0 l C’s—ALL AGES. Thirty sows bred

O O





 





 





on approval.





 





 





 





 





 





Color—reds and roans. Quality and prices right. : for spring furrow. Shipped

. H. H. JUMP. Munith. Mich.

[ F rancrsco Farm Shorthorna s i b n m r M u m

a: Three choice. dark red. richly bred. young bulls. 0. I. C. .3315.23:33.3...0'3i’s331‘iéfilfi‘nfiafi

from 8 to 16 mo" Old‘ They “re 300d enough to bend or your money back. A. NEWMAN, B.No. l, Mariette, Mich.

. pure bred herds and are priced worth the money.

P. P. POPE. M‘- PIOIIII'. Mlom‘lls 0 l c swine very prolific. My herd [I

s 0 0 headed with a grand son of Jackson

SHEEP. Chief. the world's Champion and Grand Champion.

the greatest 0. I. C. bear in the world. also a Grand

ERDENHE'M FA RM son of Tutesy second. the world champion sow.

Place your order now for spring pigs.

" P A. J. GORDEN. R. No. 2. Don. Mich.

S no SHIRES Dunno JERSEYS—Ante: brrifdfsows tofr March

_ an p arrow. or sale.

EDW'N 3- 950395, ”WM,"- CAREY U. nnmosns. Hastings. Mich.

.’ Rams and E N es fOI‘ sale. DUROC Jersey of size and quality. 40 Bears ready

WRITE FOR PRICES T0 for service. 60 sows at Farmers Prices. Satis.

: ROBERT GROVES. Shepherd. . faction Guaranteed. J. .Barney. Goldwater. Mich

. R. F. D. No. a. Pontiac. Mich. SPECIAL BALE: of largelgood style.:roiiflc,young

l and mature oland n no. Bows red to extra

i §VHROESHIQEI "II”; 3:59ch F‘BM. heavy boned boars. Robert Neva. Pierson. Mich

ill ma a spec a pr ass or t r y eye. on ewes

‘ from 1 to3 years old. all bred to Imported Cooper. P. C, SOWSlnitgzrfg‘vgmeiN bred 10'

. and Mansell rams to lamb in March and April. also tine on us WOODp&.BONS Sail ° ‘fi‘rnn'

i on very choice ewe lambs. this is to make room for an - . De. ch.

importation that is going to arrive this spring.





POUND CHINA GIUStféffié‘éfttd’iéirt‘mgiflfi

pigs. E. D. BISHOP. Route 38. Lake Odessa. Mich.





 





 





L. S. DUNHAM do SONS. Concord. Michigan.





SHROP. BREEDING A‘iilwestretd 1:101 llikigg glass rams ;



very cheap new. ice ee - o horns. : _ . .

and P. C. Swine. M. B. Turkeys. Write today for Franc‘sco Farm Poland-Chmas

price list F. Maplewood Stock Farm. Allegan. Mich. Now offering 20 grand young sows to be bred for AM

and May farrow. P. P. POPE. Mt. Pleasant. Mlih





“f of 5 ring farrow. weight

d they are



Buy of Michigan’s Largest Breeder of good sheep_ are the kind that makes buyers money. an

all br (1 to the two best bears in Michigan. RUFF

Romeyn C. Parsons, Grand Ledge, Mich. ROOM COCKERELSI.érOEI ”fliwflmnfi birdg,

,AMBOUILLET—Flock founded 1892 with ”ewes priced to move them qu c . s o s ppe c.o. .

selected from one hundred registered ewes of the WM. WAFFLE. J 3.. Goldwater. Mich. Both Phones.

best breeding possible. J. Q. A. COOK.Morrice.Mich





 





 





 





 





' —Six s lendid oung sows bred for April

Yorkshire: fancy: A fin: lot of fall pigs. Write for





 





 





ing and prices right. Also a few aged sows bred





for spring (arrow. A. A. Pattulio. Deckerviile. Mich_ when you are writing to advertisers.





l Lama; \





"065' what you want. Colon C. Lillie. Coopersville. Mich. 4 ‘

' CHOICE FALL GIL“ "d ”m “8'- 1“” ”‘94- PLEASE MENTION THE MICHIGAN manna





JUJHQ' ." .1 Tad-1:; r11...» |:,ll -| ..>.:- .‘J . Jlri iii ”Lilli
Fan. 27, 1909.





FERTILITY OF THE DAIRY FARM.





(Continued from page 225).



plants grown in the succeeding crops.

It is also a great weed exterminator and

when rightly managed .it enables us to

clean up and renovate a field cheaper

and faster than any other method. The

roots reach every part of the soil and

disintegrate it. By their natural decay

they deposit vegetable matter and food

brot from the sub-soil and atmosphere

and leave it in a form available for other

crops that succeed in the rotation.



. Rotation.



- Rotation is nature’s method of building

up the soil and we are not far from right

when we practice some of nature‘s meth-

ods in the management of our soils. The

value of short rotation farming is'just

coming to be appreciated by the best

dairy farmers. By practicing it they find

that they may add one cash or market

crop to their rotations and sell this one

highly organized crop for sufficient cash

to pay for all of the feed that is pur-

chased for the dairy. The intense sys-

tem of cultivation given to this one

highly organized market crop produces

marked results onall of the other crops

that are grown in the rotation, and on

many farms the growing of some'crop

that requires high cultivation would do

more good to bring about increased crop

production than the addition of large

amounts of manure to the soil.



The results that many farmers are’ ob-

taining by growing clover, small 'grain

and potatoes by the use of mineral fer—

tilizers is very conclusive evidence that

it would pay the dairyman to incorporate

some of'the methods of soil management

practiced by the crop grower into the

management of his dairy farm.



. Fertilization.



The common mistake made by most

dairy farmers is that of hauling all of their

manure upon a few acres and neglect-

ing to properly fertilize the larger; por-

tionbf their work land. The application

of eight or ten loads of manure to a

clover sod will afford an abundance of

nitrogen to the growing crop of corn.

The bacteria in the manure will assist in

the work of decomposing the stubble and

roots of the clover sod and hasten it

into a form available for the growing

crop at a time when it is most needed

by the plants. It is folly for us to

apply an excess of nitrogen to our soils

in order that we may provide sufficient

potash and phosphoric acid to obtain a

maximum yield, and for that reason it

is judicious practice for dairy farmers

to use a fertilizer carrying potash and

phosphoric acid in connection with their

stable manure. There is a crying need

for phosphoric acid and potash on many

of the best dairy farms at the present

time, for the rotations practiced by the

dairyman are very exhaustive of these

mineral elements. even tho they maintain

an adequate supply of nitrogen for max—

imum crop production. We dairymen

must learn more about the proper man-

agement of our soils before we can bring

our farms up to their maximum produc-

tivity.





New York. W. MILTON KELnY.





 





THE VALUE OF SWEET SKlM-MILK.





 





Results of Tests by 14 Experiment

Stations.



The writer of this article [recently

stated at a farmers‘ institute that every

wide-awake practical farmer in the Uni-

ted States should be‘a subscriber to at

least six prominent agricultural papers.

He made the statement at this place

that at the, time he was onhthe farm he

was taking 16 to 18 agricultural papers.

He also said that his neighbor who came

in and saw them hanging on a line

around the room asked the‘ question,

“How in thunder 'do'you read them all?"

I replied in_ anyemphatic way that I did

not read all the papers but that there

was not a paper which came’to my desk

at any time but what was' carefully

looked over. ,If I_,find there are any arti—

cles that are of’interest in my werk, I

read them caréfuny. ”I'said to this

farmer, who.was a more capable _man in‘

that direction, that he should expect a

paper 'might come to his desk 15 or 20

times before he found anything valuable

in his line of work. This statement in

this institute was well endorsed by a

great majority of the farmers.



If we are succeSSfui in getting five

farmers who are subscribers to this pa-

per to read the summaries of the experi-

ment stations in the United States as to

the feeding value of sweet skim-milk, we

have done as much as Prof. Holden, who

has converted three or four men in every

county in the state of Iowa on the meth-





THE MICHIGAN HFARMER.‘





ods of increasing the-yield of corn. Wis-

cOnsin, Vermont, Utah, Montana, New

York, Canada, Missouri, Kansas, Iowa,

and West Virginia have all made experi-

ments to determine the very high feeding

value of sweet, hand separator skim-milk

when fed to poultry, calves, and pigs.

For example, in the state of Wisconsin

they tested the value of sweet Skim-

milk for feeding 12 sows and 86 pigs

for a given length of time. If we make

an allowance of 1c per lb. for the grain

consumed in these experiments we find

that the value of sweet skim-milk was

just 570 for 100 lbs., provided pork was

worth $6.10.



In the state of Vermont they made an

experiment on three hogs for 186'days,

and in this case the average value of the

skim-milk was 59c. In Michigan two

experiments were made and in both cases

the ski-m-vmilk netted 50c per cwt. In

the state of Iowa an eXperient was made

with calves to determine the value of

sweet skim-milk. Now, if these were

high-class calves that sold on the Chi-

cago market for $6 per cwt., the skim-

milk would have netted 53c per 100 lbs.

Let me give you the figures—you may

have forgotten them. These calves ate

601 lbs. of grain, 1,484 lbs. of hay, and

3.759 lbs of skim-‘milk. They gained

509 lbs. Make an allowance of 1c per 1b.

for the grain and 300 per cwt. for the

hay and you will find that you have an

actual value of 530 for the skim-milk.

New Hampshire 'made experiments on

pigs and found a value of 700. West

Virginia experimented with 22 chickens

to determine the value of 100 lbs. of sweet

skim-‘milk and, when. allowing 250 a

dozen for the eggs, the skim-milk brot

70 to .940 per cwt.





no YOU GET up WITH A lAMEmliABK?‘





Have You Rheumatism, Kidney, Liver or

Bladder Trouble?





Pain or dull ache in the back is evi-

dence of kidney trouble. It is Nature’s

timely warning to show you that the

track of health is not clear.





Danger Signals.



If these danger signals are unheeded

more serious results follow; Bright’s dis-

ease, which is the worst form of kidney

trouble, may steal upon you.



The mild and immediate effect of

Swamp-Root the great kidney, liver and

bladder remedy is soon realized. It

stands the highest for its remarkable

health restoring properties in the most

distressing cases. If you need a medi-

cine, you should have the best.





Lame Back.



Lame “back is only one of many symp-

toms of kidney trouble. Other symp-

toms showing that you need Swamp-

Root are, being obliged to pass water

often during the day and to get up many

times during the night.





Catarrh of the Bladder.

Inability to hold urine, smarting in





passing, uric acid, headache, dizziness,

indigestion, sleeplessness, nervousness,

sometimes the heart acts badly, rheu-





matism, bloating, lack of ambition, may

be loss of flesh, sallow complexion.





 





In conclusion, I say emphatically that

it is of much interest to the dairy

farmer to take the greatest care of the

skim-milk so that he can obtain its full

feeding value. It is just as important

to prevent waste in this direction as it

is to plant good tested corn and endeavor

to get three kernels in a hill.



THE CREAM SEPARATOR ON THE

FARM.





 





I don't think there is a machine used

on the farm that will bring in more

money for the amount invested than the

cream separator. It makes it possible

to have fresh, warm milk to feed to

calves and pigs, and it does away with

a lot of hard work for the housewife.

With a separator she has no more added

to her household duties for three cows

than she has for 10. \Vhile deep setting

and the water processes save a great

deal of hard work, they are “nowhere"

with a cream separator.



If you are feeding calves in winter it

makes lots of work to warm the milk to





feed them, while, on the other hand, with‘

a hand machine you can have the fresh,.

Those who have no,

machine will be surprised to find how:





warm milk to feed.





convenient this one feature is. I have

used a separator for some time and

would not be without one.

VVhereafarmer has four or more cows,

yes, three or more, he is losing money

by not having a hand separator. It will

get a great deal more cream than he can

by any other method, as it forces the

cream from the. milk,

others you let nature take its course.

Hillsdale Co. C. C. D.





 





Which Manure Spreader?





. “’hich spreader shall you buy? Most

spreaders‘are alike in many particulars.

But there is this great essential differ-

ence bethen the old line Success

Spreader, made at Syracuse, N. Y., which

has taken the lead_all the way, and other

Spreaders. Spreading manure ‘by ma-

chinery is dreadfully heavy work. The

less strain, the.lcss breakage. That is

easy to understand. If the operating

parts of the 'machine turn ‘hard, the

wheels which dri've‘them must turn hard.

VVit-h roller bearings in 'ytlle' Success op-

crating parts to make smooth, easy run-

ningjand“~ roller bearings in all the wheels

for ‘the "same purpose; its is‘eas’y'to see

how most Spreaders ' are handicapped.

The above is just one of the goodpoints

of the old original Success Spreader.

We know of no point'whiéh ”the Success

Spreaderdags behind in others in *what

makes .for right “operating and proper





spreading of man ure.





 





 





Getting Better Each Year.



Premiums given for subscription to the

Michigan Farmer just received and they

are fine. Thanks for them and also for

sending me last Saturday’s issue of The

Farmer. Altho three papers arrive on

Saturday, The Farmer is most eagerly

looked for and read first. I think it is

getting better each year. There are arti-

cles of deep interest to the farmer in

each issue and the household department

is always carefully re/ad by farmers’

wives. The Magazine section is a grand

addition and one which must be greatly





 





while with the





 





Prevaiency or Kidney Disease.

Most people do not realize the alarm-

ing increase and remarkable prevalency

of kidney disease. While kidney dis-

orders are the most common diseases

that prevail, they are almost the last rec-

ognized by patient and physicians, who

content themselves with doctorlng the

effects, while the original disease under-

mines the SYStem' Swamp-Root is what you need, you can

ATrial Will Convince Anyone. purchase the regular fifty-cent and one-

In taking Swamp-Root you afford natu- dollar size bottles at all the drug stores.

ral help to Nature, for Swamp-Root is Don't make any mistake, bUt remember

a gentle healing vegetable compound—a the name, Dr. Kilmer‘s Swamp-Root, and.

physician's prescription for a specific the addness, Binghamton, N- Y.» WmCh

disease. you will find on every bottle.





 





Swamp-Root is always kept up to its high standard

of purity and excellence. A sworn certificate





of purity with every bottle.





If you are already convinced that:





 





SAMPLE BOTTLE FREE—To prove the wonderful merits of Swamp-

Root you may have a. sample bottle and a book of valuable information, both

sent absolutely free: by mail. The book contains many of the thousands of

letters received from men and women who found Swamp-Root to be just the

remedy they needed. The value and success of Swamp-Root is so well known that

our readers are advised -to send for a sample bottle. Address Dr. Kilmer & Co..

Binghamton, N. Y., be sure to say you read this generous offer in The Detroit

Michigan Farmer. The genuineness of this offer is guaranteed.





s 9 29

CREAM SEPARATDR





A SEPARATOB THAT EXCELS ANY SEPARATDH IN THE WORLD





DON'T HESITATE BECAUSE OUR PRICE [5 LOW. The uallty is high:

we guarantee it. It is up to date. well built and well finished. 1; runs easier.

sklms closer and has a simpler bowl with lower parts than an other cream

separator. Dont accept our word for it. Judge for yourse f. Our offer

W...“ enables you to do this at our expense. Write us a ostal card or a letter



and receive by mail, postpaid, our 1909 catalogue. t is handsomely illus-



trated, showing the machine in detail. and fully explains all about the



Low Down AMERICA It also describes the surprisingly liberal LONG



TIME TRIAL proposition we can make you. Competition is defied by

the quality and price we make. Our generous terms of purchase will

asmnish you. Remember, we are the oldest exclusive manufacturers of

hand separators in America, and the first. to sell direct to the user. You

are not deahnngnth any agent. middleman or catalogue house when deal-

ing with us. 0t one Single profit is gald anyone between ourselves and

our customer. You save all-a ents’. calers’. even catalo ue house profits

and act a su erior machine y dealing with us. Our ilew Low Down

AME iCAN aist High Separator is the finest and highest quality machine

on the market and our own (the manufacturer‘s) guarantee protects ou

on every AMERICAN Separator. We can ship immediately. estern or on

filled from Western paints. Write us and et our rent offer and hand-





 





 

 

   

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

   

 

 

 

 





some iree catalogue on our New Low Down A ERICA Separator. Address





SEPABITOB 00., Box l06l, BliilBliliiGE, ll. Y.





 





 

 

 

 

 





I’ll Girre You Plenty of Time to Prove that

“the, CHATHAM Fanning! Mill is the Best Seed

Grader and Cleaner ade . . 30 Days.





Clean your ruin—before you soil "-0: before you now it.

1 Free Trial





 

 

   

 

 





 

 

 





01,000,000 05! by' Farmers in every state each season by selling

dirty .nlnisalow estimate. You are“docked" on the price be-

cause of dirt in every bushel. Pay me on time for a CHATHAM

Fannlng Hill. Clo-n3 wheat for market. Takes oats, "'

cockie, garlic, mustard and chess out of wheat.

Cleans red clover—takes out buckhorn plantain. Cleans alsike’

clover and alfalfa. Cleans beans, oats. barley. Grades corn.

Cleans timothy seed. OHATHAM FREE BOOK tells 100 ways

you'ilproflt by having a Chatham. Illustrated—gives terms

and low factory prices—full particulars. 30 Days' Trial without

Inoy advance payment. to proveit will do what we say it will.

86 ,OOOSold already in U S. and Canada. Experiment Sta-

tions lndorsc them and Agricultural Papers recommend them.

Writ. noun-out oflloo for New Catalog.

. MANSON CAMPBELL COMPANY.

IQWesson Ave. Detroit, Mich.



’ 318 Well 10!!! St. Kansas Cit . Mo.



8 East 3rd SI- SI. Paul. M an.

Dept. 1. Portland. Oregon



Weluve '4 Branch Warehouses, and make prompt shipmenn.





 

 





 





   

 

 

 





 

 

 





 

   

 

 





 

 





 

 

   





 





 





appreciated by all your readers—Edward

Curran, Redford, Mich.





N ICO R N DAI RY RATIO N e~:.“ei'.f.i°‘l~.“;n‘f°?€.’.





every Farmer and Stock Raiser, should know all about. Robert M. Tnylor,Towson, Md.,

says his milk output increased 25 gallons daily after feeding Unicorn. You can increase

yours. Send for book, prices, etc. Write, cHAPlN a. 00., Inc.I Milwaukee. Wis.
v. i 4...; :3;;..‘.;.;_-..-:«. - _...





:.:. r"





228 7 (1t) ' .

The Michigan ' Partner





' ESTABLISHED 18“.





THE LAWRENCE PUBLISHING (20..

EDITORS AND PROPRIETORS.

30 to “Ce-eru- Sreel West. Detroit. Idling

TELEPHONE MAIN 4616.

NEW Yonx OFFICE—725 Temple Court Building.





CHICAGO OFFICE—1730 First Net’l Bonk Build! .

CLEVELAND Orricm—101l-1016 Oregon Avs.. 11.1.





M. J. LAWRENCE .................................. President.

M. W. LAWRENCE ................. ....Vice-Preeldent.

M. L. LAWRENCE. ............................8ecretsry.

P. '1‘. LAWRENCE ,............Treneurer.





 





 





 





I. n. WATERBUBY I t

0.11:. room .. ............. may

BURT mum .., .



II. E. BOUGHTON .................. "um Manager.





 





TERMS or SUBSCRIPTION:





Three Years 156 “Dim...” $1.50

Two Years 104 Copies. pestpeid,. . . . . . . . I£1.20





Six Months. u copies. meld. ...... ............ to cts

Osnsdiu subscription a sell. e you emier restate





Always send money by draft. postoitloe money

order. registered letter. or by sxpreu. We will not

be responsible for money in letters. Address

all oomunicetlons to. enamels ell drone. checks.





and roles orders lo. the Lewren s

Publi ing 00.





RATES Ol' ADVBIWO:





so cents line ante morons". or 5.60

per inch. 3:. Insertion, with e Webb unt

on orders amounting to “nor over. No uv't in-

serted (or less than one per m



P‘ No loittery. $1th dogs: or manic adver-

teements neerte s nnyp .



Entered as second oin- mtter It the Detroit.



Michigan. poetonoe.





COPYRIGHT l908.

by the Lawrence Pub. Co. All persons on warned

eseinst reprinting any portion of the contents

of this line without our written permission.





 





 





 





 





WE GUARANTEE to stop THE

MICHIGAN FARMER Immediately

upon explratlon of time subscribed

for, end we will pay all expenses for

defending any suit. brot against

any subscriber to The Michigan

Farmer by the publisher of any farm

paper, whlch has been sent after the

tlme ordered has expired, providing

due notice In sent to us, before suit

In started.



Avoid further trouble. by refusing

to subscribe for any farm paper

which does not print, In each Issue.

s definite guarantee to stop on expir-

ation of subscriptlon. .



The Lawrence Pub. 00.,



Detroit. Mich.





 





 





 





 





DETROIT. FEBRUARY 27. 1909.





 





CURRENT COMMENT.





 





In our last issue we

presented a summary

of the report made by

the Country Life Com-

mission to the Presi-

dent and by him transmitted to Congress.

In another column of this issue we pre-

sent the full text of the special message

with which the President transmitted the

full report of the Commission to Con--

gress, in order that our readers lnay the

better appreciate his object and aim in

the appointment of this commission and

his views as to what is needed to insure

the raising of country life to a higher

plane. From a reading of this message

it will be conceded, even by those who

have contended that there was little need

of, and little to be gained by, this in-

quiry, that our chief executive has a

very clear conception of country life con-

ditions and a very practical idea of the

means which would be most effective in

the betterment of those conditions. To

the end that each member of the Mich-

igan Farmer family may determine for

himself whether these views are in ac—





The President's

Country Life

Message.





cord with his own uncxpressed ideas

upon the subject let us for a moment

consider the three great general needs





of country life which President Roosevelt

deems most pressing:



“First, effective (-o-operation among

farmers, to put them on a level with

the organized interests with which they

do business.“ As will be noted by a

careful reading of the message, the Pres-

ident notes that the farmers of progres-

sive European countries have found in

the co-operative system exactly the form

of business combination they need. Dur-

ing the past year we have published in

the Michigan Farmer a. series of articles

describing the progress made along this

line by Danish farmers. As our readers

will remember the Danish author of these

articles graphically described the almost

hopeless condition of Danish farmers

before the introduction of co-operative

business enterprises by them, and their

condition and the condition of the coun-

try as well, has been changed to one of

prosperity and plenty in comparison by

the introduction and extension of the co-

operative principle. As the careful

reader will remember, the co-operative

principle 'has been applied in Denmark

almost wholly along lines of special pro-





THE MICHIGAN' FARMER





The Danish farmers have their





duction.

co-operative creamerles, their compara-

tive cow-testing associations, breeders’

associations, egg associations, bacon fac-

tories, etc., all organized along lines of

special production in the several com-

munities Where these industries flour-

ish. Something of the extent to which

co-operation has been developed in that

little country which is only about one-

four’ah the size of Michigan, containing

only about 15,000 square miles, will be

comprehended when it is known that

within its borders are 1,078 co-operative

creameries owned and operated. by the

farmers who patronize t-hem; 1,130 bull

associations, organized for the purpose

of breeding up the quality of the dairy

cows of the country owned by 'those

farmers: 522 cow-testing associations

maintained for the purpose of accurately

determining the quality and value of the

cows maintained in those dairies; some

thing over 500 egg associations, the pro-

duct from which is marketed co-operat-

iv'ely and whose members are governed

by rigid rules as to the quality and fresh-

ness of the product sold, and 34 bacon

factories with~ slaughtering and packing

plants attached for slaughtering and

marketing this product in a. co-operative

way. This is the kind of co—operation

which the Michigan Farmer has long

advocated for the farmers of our state.

Thru the interest awakened and the

efforts of our state departments several

co-operative cow—testing associations

and a number of breeders, or bull asso-

ciations, have been organized in our

state during the past year, and we have

a number of successful co-operatlve

creameries. But the field is almost lim-

itless. We need more of these associa-

tions and we need co-operative fruit

grower's associations, potato producer’s

associations, bean grower’s associations,

etc. including the co-operative elevators

which have proven'such a success in

some sections of the corn belt. This

kind of co—operation is simple and easily

understood by the producer. Perhaps it

may lead to a broader plan in the future,

but we 'lmlieve it is the right way to

begin and the most certain road to suC<

cess along this line, and that it may best

be promoted thru influences within,

rather than without, the state, with such

statistical aid as the national govern-

ment may be able to give.



“Second, a new kind of schools in the

country, which shall teach the children

as much outdoors as indoors and per-

haps more, so that they will prepare for

country life, and not as at present, mainly

for life in town.” This is in line with

the advanced thot of educators and

thinking farmers who have given this

subject a great deal of consideration.

Our own state is already doing something

along this line in the extension work car-

ricd on under the auspices of the state

board of agriculture, by which agricul-

tural courses are being introduced into

the high schools of the state wherever

there is a demand for such work, with

a View to preparing teachers for the giv-

ing of primary agricultural instruction in

the rural schools. The broader plan of

government aid in this direction which

was outlined in these columns a few

weeks ago in commenting on the Davis

bill, if adopted by the federal govern-

ment, will be another welcome step in the

practical and experimental work which

must be done in working out the correct

solution of this great problem. But what-

ever form such instruction may finally

take, the best thinkers of the country are

of one opinion as to its importance and

necessity.



“Third, better means of communica-

tion, including good roads and a parcels

post, which the country people are every-





where, and rightly, unanimous in de—

manding.” So far as good roads are

concerned, the need has been recog-





nized in Michigan and our people have

signified their willingness to gun-operate

in the betterment of the highways of

the state by the adoption of the state

reward road law and the cash tax law.

under the provisions of which the people

of the state at large, and not merely the

farmers, contribute to permanent road

improvement. This movement is as yet

in its infancy, but a general betterment

may be expected in the not distant fu-

ture. So far as the parcels post is con-

cerned the farmers of the country are

of one accord and but await the favor-

able action of Congress.



But there is another point in this mes-

sage which our readers who are in accord

with the above noted ideas, as we believe

the great majority of them are, should

not overlook, and that is the importance

attached to the personal equation in





working out those ideas in a practical

manner. That, after'all, is the supreme

test, and if this inquiry but awakens a-

general public interest in the betterment

of country life conditions along these and

other lines, the President and Country

Life Commission will have, in that awak-

ening, accomplished their most important

and far reaching work in the future bet-

terment of country life.





Often the young man

who is interested in

agriculture and who

has determined to make

it his life profession finds it profitable to

look about him and take an inventory

of the possible advantages of engaging in

the business in his own community, or

in some more or less distant locality in

his own or some other state. The fact

that in taking such an inventory of ad-

vantages many young men are apt to

value too cheaply the natural advant-

ages to which they are accustomed and

which they know all about and place a.

high value upon supposed advantages

with which they are not familiar from

personal knowledge or experience, has

induced us to comment at this time upon

the advantages of Michigan from an

agricultural standpoint, but without in

and way depreciating the advantages of

other localities in this greatest of agri-

cultural countries.



Probably the first point that will be

considered by the average young man

who is a resident of our north central

states and who is looking for the best

opening to begin the farming business

for himself, is the necessary investment

in a. fawn. .Strange as it may appear,

while Michigan received the attention of

the pioneer farmer earlier than many

if not most of her contiguous sister

states, yet partly because she is a little

at one side of the trend of western emi-

gration, and partly because of the greater

ease with which the land of the prairie

states could be improved, land values

in Michigan have remained rellatively

lower than in the best agricultural states

immediately to the south and west of us.

It will require no great amount of inves-

tigation on the part of the inquiring

young man to satisfy him on this point.

Even in our lower and more thickly

settled agricultural counties, the best

farming land, which compares favorably

in quality with that of the other Iocall<

ties mentioned, can be purchased very

much more cheaply, while large areas

of excellent farming land in our central

and northern counties can be bot at a

fraction of the price which it would take

to buy similar lands almost anywhere

else in the northern portion of the central

west.



But in considering this advantage the

inquiring young man will naturally seek

to learn if there are not some special

handicaps in the way of limitation of

production, market facilities, social ad-

vantages, etc., in which our Michigan

communities are lacking. Here, again,

he can satisfy himself that our agricul-

ture is more diversified than that of

almost any other state, and that we are

well up toward the top in production of

many of the principal staples and cash

crops. Michigan holds first place in the

production of beans, second in the pro-

duction of sugar beets, is close, to the

top of the list in the production of pota<

toes and fruit, an easy leader in the pro-

duction of peppermint, celery and some

other special crops, while the variety of

agricultural production surpasses that of

most, if not any, other states, and our

live stoek and dairy interests are grow-

ing apace.



In addition to this the other great pro-

ducing industries in which Michigan is

a leader, such as the production of salt,

the mining of copper and iron, the man-

ufacture of cement, and in manufactures

and commerce such as our great ship build-

ing and shipping enterprises, car shops,

furniture and automobile factories in

which we lead the world, and the almost





Some Michigan

Advantages.





countless other industrial enterprises

which keep our urban population away

ahead of our agricultural population,





makes a large home market not only an

established fact, but assures a healthy

and regular increase in the home outlet,

wlillc our transportation facilities, par—

ticularly by water, are superior to those

enjoyed by most other sections of Our

great country. Then, too, our farmers

are,better organized in a social way

than those of any other state. We are

well to the front in agricultural educa-

tion, and in the dissemination of the

most up~to-date ideas and methods of

modern agriculture. Altogether our

state has a long list of natural and ac-





.quired advantages which should be well





ms. 27, '1909.





considered by the young man. either within

or without the state, who is looking for

a location in which to start‘into the

business of farming with a. prospect of

ultimate success and the accumulation

of a comfortable competence. .

———-—-——-—-—-—a

HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.

- Foreign. ‘ '



Seven men were killed by a. premature

explosion of dynamite near Nipigon on

the Grand Trunk Pacific line, Sunday.



Special attention is being given the

delegation of ,A-merican exporters by

French officials regarding the increase of

tariffs on goods from the United States.

Already the recently high duties sug-

gested were under advisement for modi-

fication.



It is stated that 2,000 miles of railroad

in southwestern Russia is blocked with

snow from recent blizzards. Many lives

have been lost in the storms. _



The tariff reform bill fathered by Jos-

eph Chamberlain, former prime minister

of England, was defeated last week by

a heavy vote in the English parliament.

The fight over the measure was along

the old lines, the opposition to the bill

faVoring the produets from colonies.



The central committee of the Russian

revolutionary party was quickly dis-

solved last Week because one of the mem—

bers of the committee was discovm‘ed to

be a spy of the government. It is ex-

pected that the dissolution will greatly

aid the government in restoring order

where there has been trouble. .



A mysterious automobile was recently

seized by the police of Riga, Russia, in

which was afterwards found a complete

printing outfit that had been used by

revolutionists. . ,.



An imperial edict was issued last week

authorizing the establishment of a navy

for China. The same instrument names

the men who are to have charge of the

department.



The powers of Europe have received

notification from Bulgaria asking that she

be recognized as an independent nation.

The communication refers to the dignity

which the country has maintained dur-

ing the recent troubles and cites the fact

that unless she be recognized at this time

the consequent results from the unsettled

situation of affairs in Turkey, is likely

to result disastrously to peace and order

in the Balkans.

~ The German scientist, Hecker, who has

been laboring for the past six years on

the problem of the tides of the earth‘s

surface which correspond with the tides

of the ocean, announces that he has de—

termined the rise and fall to be about

four to five inches at London, England.

During these years the scientist has car—

ried on his experiments in 3. Well some

80 feet deep.



A large number of trains are reported

to have been snowed in by the blizzards

raging in Russia. To date 500 persons

are said to have perished.



The Servian government is.now manu-

facturing bombs to be used by its armies

in close fighting. Five types are being

put out.



National.





W'hile investigating the sanitary con—

ditions of the Missouri penitentary at

Jefferson City it was learned that 75 per

cent of the deaths occurring in the build-

ing resulted from consumption.



The most famous grove of trees in the

world has been saved to the country for

all time by the signing of a bill last week

by President Roosevelt.- The Calaveras

Grove, of California, was made a na-

tional forest reserve thereby.



The veto of Gov. Patterson, of Ten—

nessee, was overridden three times by

the legislature of that state last Friday

when the bills providing for a legalized

primary and for state and county elec-

tion boards, in which the executive will

have no appointive power, were passed

over his head.



Favorable replies have come to Presi—

dent Roscvelt’s inquiries of the advis—

ability of holding a conference of all

civilized nations regarding the conserva-

tion of the natural resources of the world.

The plan is to have representatives from

the different countries meet next autumn

at the Hague.



After finishing the most venturesome

trip ever attempted by a fleet of battle~

ships, the American fleet of armored

vessels steamed by Old Point Comfort

last Monday morning, thus finishing a

journey of over 40,000 miles including its

trip around the world. Altho the weather

was anything but pleasant every point

of vantage was occupied by persons eager

to catch a glimpse of the vessels as they

passed in review before President Roose-

velt and party who were stationed in the.

Mayflower just inside the point. The

reception of the officers on board of the

Mayflower was full of congratulation for

the men who had won such honor for the

country by completing so successfully

the responsibility placed upon them of

taking the great fleet on its long journey.



The Niagara river has become so gorged

with ice above the falls that it is possible

to pass over the American falls afoot.

This condition has prevailed only twice

during the past century.



Five thousand persons witnessed the

formal opening of the Fayette-Boise pro-

ject in Idaho, the largest reclamation

work undertaken by the government.

there being about 200,000 acres benefited

by the project.



On different days of this week 11 coun-

ties of Indiana will vote on the local

option question.



The murder of a policeman by a GYBER

laboring man in South Omaha last Fri—

day aroused the citizens against the

Greeks and a mob of 5,000 persons at-

tacked the quarters generally occupied

by the foreigners. Fully 50 Greeks were

beaten and 30 of their buildings wrecked

while a few were set on fire by the an—

gered crowd. An appeal was made to

the ambassadOr at Washington and to

King George of_,Greoae. . . -





 





..._.’~





_.. .,... .. _,-,._...





i
.__ 3,, ,an-iul’a7 . , ,





'FEB. 27, 1909.





THE “COUNTRY LlFE" MESSAGE.

‘ '—."

Special Message Transmitting Report of

the Commission to Congress.





 





To the Senate and House _of Represent-



atives: .



I transmit herewith the report of the

Commission on Country Life. At the

outset I desire to point out that not a

dollar of the public money has been'paid

to any commissioner for his work on the

commission.



The report shows the general condition

of farming life in the open country, and

points out its larger problems; it indicates

ways in which the Government, National

and State, may show the people how to

solve some of these problems; and it

suggests a continuance of the work

which the commission began.



Judging by thirty public hearings, to

which farmers and farmers’ wives from

forty States and Territories came, and

from 120,000 answers to printed questiOns

sent out by the Department of Agricul-

ture, the commission finds that the gen-

eral level of country life is high compared

with any preceding time or with any

other land. If it has in recent years

slipped down in some places, it has risen

in more places. Its progress has been

general, if not uniform.



Yet farming does not yield either the

profit or the satisfaction that it ought

to yield and may be made to yield. There

is discontent in the country, and in

places discouragement. Farmers as a

class do not magnify their calling, and

the movement to the‘towns, tho, I am

happy to say, less than formerly, is still

strong. .



Under our system, it is helpful to pro—

mote discussion of ways in which the

people can help themselves. There are

three main directions in which the farm—

ers can help themselves; namely, better

farming, better business, and better liv-

ing on the farm. The National Depart-

ment of Agriculture, which has rendered

services equaled by no other similar de-

partment in any other time or place: the

state departments of agriculture; the

state colleges of agriculture and the me-

chanic arts, especially thru their exten-

sion work; the state agricultural, ex-

periment stations; the Farmers' Union;

the Grange; the agricultural press; and

other similar agencies, have all combined

to place within the reach of the American

farmer an amount and quality of agri-

cultural information which, if applied,

would enable him, over large areas, to

double the production of the farm.



The object of the Commission on Coun-

try Life therefore is not to help the

farmer raise better crops, but to call his

attention to the opportunities for better

business and better living on the farm.

If country life is to become what it

should be, and what I believe it ulti-

mately will beh—one of the most dignified,

desirable, and sought-after ways of earn-

ing a living—~the farmer must take ad-

vantage not only of the agricultural

knowledge which is at his disposal, but

of the methods which have raised and

continue to raise the standards of living

and of intelligence in, other callings.



Those engaged in all other industrial

and commercial callings have found it

necessary, under modern economic con-

ditions, to organize themselves for mutual

advantage and for the protection of their

own particular interests in relation to

other interests. The farmers of every

progressive European country have rea-

lized this essential fact and have found

in the co—operative system exactly the

form of business combination they need.



Now whatever the State may do toward

improving the practice of agriculture, it

is not within the sphere of any govern-

ment to reorganize the farmers’ business

or reconstruct the social life of farming

communities. It is, however, quite within

its power to use itsdnfluence and the

machinery of publicity which it can con—

trol for calling public attention to the

needs and the facts. For example, it is

the obvious duty of the Government to

call the attention of farmers to the

growing monopolization of water power.

The farmers above all should have that

power, on reasonable terms, for cheap

transportation, for lighting their homes,

and for innumerable uses in the daily

tasks on the farm.



It would be idle to assert that life on

the farm occupies as good a position in

dignity, desirability, and busineSS results

as the farmers might easily give it if

they Chose. One of the chief difficulties

is the failure of country life, as it exists

at present. to satisfy the higher social

and intellectual aspirations of country

people. Whether the constant draining

away of so much of the best elements in

the rural pop lation into the towns is

due chiefly to his cause or to the supe—

rior business opportunities of city life

may be open to question. But no one at

all familiar with farm life thruout the

United States can fail to recognize the

necessity for building up the life of the

farm upon its social as well as upon its

productive side.



It is true that country life has im-

proved greatly in attractiveness, health,

and comfort, and that the farmer's earn-

ings are higher than they were. But

city life is advancing even more rapidly,

because of the greater attention which is

being given by the citizens of the towns

to their own betterment. For just this

reason the introduction of effective agri-

cultural co-opcration’ thruout the United

States is of the first importance. Where

farmers are organizcd co-operatively they

not only avail themselves much more

readily of business opportunities and im-

proved methods, but it is found that the

organizations which bring them together

in the work of their lives are used also

for social and intellectual advancement.



The co-operative plan is the best plan

of organization wherever men have the

right spirit to carry it out. Under this

plan any business undertaking is man-

aged by a, committee: every man has one

vote and only one vote; and everyone





' THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





gets profits according to what he sells

or buys or supplies. It develops indi-

vidual responsibility and has a moral as

well as a financial value over any other





~ plan.





I desire only to take counsel with the

farmers as fellowcitizens. It is not the

problem of the farmers alone that I am

discussing with them, but a problem

which affects every city as well as every

farm in the country. It is a problem

which the working farmers will have to

solve for themselves; but it is a problem

which also affects in only less degree all

the rest of us, and therefore if we can

render any help toward its solution, it

is not only our duty but our interest

to do so.



The foregoing will, I hope, make it

clear why I appointed a commission to

consider problems of farm life which have

hitherto had far too little attention, and

the neglect of which has not only held

baCk life in the country, but also lowered

the efficiency of the whole nation. The

welfare of the farmer is of vital c'onse-

quence to the welfare of the whole com-

munity. The strengthening of country

life, therefore, is the strengthening of the

whole nation. .



' The commission has tried to help the

farmers to see clearly their own,prob-

lem and to see it as a whole; to dis~

tinguish clearly between what the Gov-

ernent can do and what the farmers must

do for themselves; and it wishes to bring

not only the farmers but the Nation as

a whole to realize that the growing of

crops, tho an essential part, is only a.

part of country life. Crop growing is the

essential foundation; but it is no less

essential that the farmer shall get an.

adequate return for what he grows; and

it is no less essential—indeed it is lit-

erally vital—that he and his wife and his

children shall lead the right kind of life.



For this reason, it is of the first im-

portance that the United States Depart-

ment of Agriculture, thru which as prime

agent the ideas the commission stands

for must reach the people, should become

’without delay in fact a Department of

Country Life, fitted to deal not only with

crops, but also with all the larger aspects

of life in the open country.



From all that has been done and learned

three great general and immediate needs

of country life stand out:



First, effective co-operation among

farmers, to put them on a level with the

organized interests with which they do

business.



Second, a new kind of schools in the

country, which shall teach the children

as much outdoors as indoors and per-

haps more, so that they will prepare for

country life, and not as at present,

mainly for life in town.



Third, better means of communication,

including good roads and a parcels post,

which the country people are everywhere

and rightly, unanimous in demanding.



To these may well be added better sun-

itation, for easily preventable diseases

hold several million country people in the

slavery of continuous ill health.



The commission points out, and I con-

cur in the conclusion, that the most iin«

portant help that the Government,

whether National or State, can give is

to Show the people how to go about these

tasks of organization, education, and

communication with the best and quick-

est results. This can be done by the col.

lection and spread of information. One

community can thus be informed of what

other communities have done, and one

country of what other countries have

done. Such help by the people’s govern-

ment would lead to a comprehensive plan

of organization, education, and communi-

cation, and make the farming country

better to live in, for intellectual and

social reasons as well as for purely agri-

cultural reasons.



The Govvrnment thru the Department

of Agriculture does not cultivate any

man’s farm for him. But it does put at

his service uscful knowledge that he

would not 'otherwise get. In the same

way the National and State Govern-

ments might put into the people’s hands

the new and right knowledge of school

work. The task of maintaining and de-

veloping the schools would remain, as

now, with the people themselves.



The only recommendation I submit is

that an appropriation of $25,000 be pro-

vided, to enable the commission to digest

the material it has collected, and to col-

lect and to digest much more that is

within its reach, and thus complete its

work. This would enable the commisv

sion to gather in the harvest of sug-

gestion which is resulting from the dis-

cussion it has stirredup. The commis-

sioners have served without compensa-

tion, and I do not recommend anyap-

propriation for their services, but only

for the expenses that will be required

to finish the task that they have begun.



To improve our system of agriculture

seems to me the most urgent of the tasks

which lie before us. But it can not, in

my judgment, be effected by measures

which touch only the material and tech-

nical side of the subject; the whole busi-

ness and life of the farmer must also

be taken into account. Such considera-

tions led me to appoint the Commission

on Country Life. Our object should be

to help develop in the country community

the great ideals of community life as

well as of personal character. One of

the most important adjuncts to this

end must be the country church, and I

invite your attention to what the com-

mission says of the country church and

of the need of an extension of such work

as that of the Young Men’s Christian

Association in country communities. Let

me lay special emphasis upon what the

Commission says at the very end of its

report on personal ideals and local lead-

ership. Everything resolves itself in the

end into the question of personality.

Neither society nor government can do

much for country life unless there is vol-

untary response in the personal ideals

of the men and women who live in the

country. In the development of char-

acter, the home should be more import-





ant than the school, or than society at

large. When once the basic material needs

have been met, high ideals may be quite

independent of income; but they can not

be realized without sufficient income to

provide adequate foundation and where

the community at large is not financially

prosperous it is impossible to develop a

high average personal and community

ideal. In short, the fundamental facts

of human nature apply to men and

women who live in the country just

as they apply to men and women

who live in the towns. Given a

sufi‘lcient foundation of material well

being, the influence of the farmers and

farmers’ wives on their children becomes

the factor of first importance in deter-

mining the attitude of the next genera-

tion toward farm life. The farmer should

realize that the person who most needs

consideration on the farm is his wife.

I do not in the least mean that she should

purchase case at the expense of duty.

Neither man nor woman is really happy

or really useful save on condition of doing

his or her duty. If the woman shirks

her duty as housewife, as home keeper,

as the mother whose prime function it is

to bear and rear a sufficient number of

healthy children, then she is not entitled

to our regard. But if she does her duty

she is more entitled to our regard even

than the man who does his duty and the

man should show special consideration

for her needs.



I warm my countrymen that the great

recent progress made in city life is not a

full measure of our civilization; for our

civilization rests at bottom on the whole-

someness, the attractiveness, and the

completeness, as well as the prosperity,

of life in the country. The men and

women on the farms stand for what is

fundamentally best and most needed in

our American life. Upon the develop-

mcnt of country life rests ultimately our

ability, by methods of farming requiring

the 'highest intelligence, to continue to

feed and clothe the hungry nations; to

supply the city with fresh blood, clean bod-

ies, and clear brains than can endure the

terrific strain of modern life; we need

the development of men in the open

country, who will be in the future, as in

the past, the stay and strength of the

nation in time of war, and its guiding

and controlling spirit in time of peace.





Spray Your Fruit Trees and Vines.



Now is the

time for every

fruit grower to

study up the

question, and

be prepared to

spray trees and

vines at the.

proper time and

to know the

best solutions

to use.



The William

, Stalil Sprayer

' ‘ 00., Box 108 A.

0., Quincy, Illinois, has gotten out a

book which is of great interest to fruit

growers. While this company is inter-

ested in the sale of Sprayers and germi-

cidcs, the book is published with the idca

of its being a great help to farmers and

fruit growors, helping them to grow more

and better fruit. It tells you all about

spraying—how, when, where and What to

use. A copy will be sent to any address

upon request.





 





How to Curry a Horse.



Every farmer has a daily experience in

cleaning horses. Some farmers know

how to do this work well with an ordi—

nary curry comb. Others seem not to

understand how to clean a horse with

any kind of cleaning utensils. The work

is important, to the horse at least, be—

cause if properly groomed he is liable to

be kept healthy and vigorous. The best

curry comb that we have ever seen is

manufactured by the Clean Comb Com-

pany, Racine, Wis. It is a comb that is

self—cleaning. You do not need to pound

the stalls into splinters knocking the hair

and dandruff from the comb. It is an—

tomatic and makes the cleaning quicker

and more thoro saves about half the

time, and labor, and docs away with the

usual annoyance and difficulty. It is

made of cold—rolled stcel thruout, is

strong and simple. It will pay you to get

it (‘lcnn Comb of your dcu'ler at once.

Read the offer of the Clean Comb Co,

in this issue.



R





m»-~

improvements in Amatite Ready Roofing.





Amutitc Roofing, which has for several

years been growing rapidly in popuuarity

among our readers on account of its no-

paint mineral surface, is now being made

with several little improvements designed

to make it easier to lay.





roll, about three inches wide, where thc

mineral surface is omitted. This smooth

lap makes a closer and tighter joint pos-

s1ble. The adhesive cement which is

supplied with each roll now comes in

liquid form and does not require heating

before use. Instead of supplying nails

and caps, the nails themselves have extra

large heads, thus saving considerable,

bother in putting down the roofing.

Readers who are unfamiliar with Amatite

Roofing should send for a sample to near—

est office of the Barrett Manufacturing

Company, New York, Chicago, Cleveland,

Boston, Pittsburg, Kansas City, St. Louis,

Minneapolis, Philadelphia, New Orleans

and Cincinnati.





 





Three years ago the Hercules Mfg. (30.,

Dept. P, Centerville, Iowa, placed on the

market the first stump puller made of

solid steel, reducing the weight 50 per

cent and increasing the pulling capacity

400 per cent. Thus at one stroke they

overcame the great objection of heavi—

ness and unwicldincss, constantly urged

against iron machines. Applications for

patents are now pending. The new pull-

ers are already being placed on the

market. \





One of those isj

the. smooth lap, left. along the edge. of the





229 '





$50 T0 $300 SAVED





We are manufacturers. not merchants. Save dealers.

50er and catalog home profit. I‘ll save you from

$50 to $300 on my High Grade Standard Gasoline

Engines from 2 to 22-H.-P.—Price direct to you

lower than denier: or jobben have to pay for '

similar engines in carload lots for spot cash.





GALLO WA Y





Price and quality speak for themselves

and you are to bethe sole judge.

Sell your poorest horse and buy a





5-”.4’. onlyfl19.50 /





{(17)





 

 

 

 

 

 

   





From





Trill. Satisfac-

§ tion or money

0 back.Write forspec-

ial proposition. All

,« you pay me is for raw

W material. labor and

' one small profit. Send to:

my big BOOK FREE.





Wm. Galloway. Pres.

Will. Galloway Co.





615 Galloway Statio-

Wntorioo. Iowa





   

 

 

   





 





17 Years

on the





No Farmer who miles an acre of potatoes nyear can

nfl’ord to be without tnlslmncnine. Write today for

circular and prices. Satisfaction guaranteed.





SGHOHELD 0 00., FREEPORT. ILL.





 





MORE CORN PER ACRE





By Using the





Century “insulin 00m Plantar Gangs





Pays for itself on every Two Acres ofcom

planted. Will clamp on any planter runner

made. Plants all corn at auniform depth.

Farmers are requested to write usforfurther

particulars. Agents and salesmen wanted.

Price $5.00Xer set f. 0.. b. La. Crosse.





CENTURY G UGE (10.. La Crosse. Wis.. Dept.“





 





The Western Plow Attachment





Ti? SULKY PLOW





V of any walking plow.

See-dies the plow; save- the hone.

Does away with hard work.

Right or left Ago-to



and—wood

or steel beam.

Absolute control of

shear however hard

the ground. Address





WESTERN IMPLEI El” 00.

906 Park St. , Pu Washington, Win.





 





 





 





 





ass-i- .11" If? REE

:2'" “"'“ 6 Iaohlnos In One





A great labor savor. Handles!

tool on the form. as 5 Car-

bomndum (Diamond) grinding

wheels. Takes rust of! tools and

sharpens them 25 times faster than

land—stone. btlmes as efficient“

emery. Does not draw temper.

High speed and‘ easy running.

Write for free trial.





LUTHER altos co.

maamossueet MILWAUKEE





ISBELL’S SEEDS





Twenty Years’ Experience has

taught us just how to please you.

If you are interested in Growing





Vegetables, Corn, Oats, Barley,

Grass, etc., you will be the loser





if you do not see [Shell’s Seed

Annual. It is FREE.





8. M. ISBELL & 00., Seedsmen

Box 108, Jackson, Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

   

 

 

 





 





 





 





FARM SEEDS





We are Recleaners and dealers in Red, Alnlke,

Alfalfa, Crimson and White Clovers; also Tim-

othy. Barley. Seed Oats and Corn and a full line

of Farm and Garden Seeds. Write for price list

and Catalogue Implied free.



The Henry Philipps Seed and Implement (30..

us-u7 St. Clair St" Toledo, Ohio.





0R SAL —2nd-hand machinery; 82

F b. Jones Stationary gas

or gasoline engine; 16 h. Huber traction; 16



h. Pt. Huron; la n. Russell Compound: 16 h.

Gear—Scott: 15 h. J. 1. Case; 50 h. Fire box boiler;

40 h. Tubular boiler; 32x54 Niagara 2nd thresher:

32x48 Advance: Pitts rebuilt banner; Gnu-Scott saw

mill and Russell saw mill. Write us for descrip-

tion and price. The BANTINO MACHINE C0..

114-118 Superior Street. Toledo. Ohio.

PATENT Attorney, Washington, D. C. Ad-

vice free. Terms low. Highest rel.





' A C i

For Sale at a Bargain. matacfg’agfifi’m

200 trees. Arch-chimney and guns in good order

oesdy for use. 0. HAMILTO .Bronaon. Mich.





 





 





 





Watson E. Coleman. Patent





 





s
' “We" 5“” 'f:f‘*”"’fsfir.é‘-“





230 ? us>





 





YVYVYVVVYYVYVYVYV‘YVYYV





EHORTICULTURES





 





 





“AAAAAAALAAAAAAAMAAA





 





STRAWBERRY PLANTS FOR 1909.





 





bu .





6





Those who are planning on getting

strawberry plants for spring setting and

have not ordered yet should attend to

it at once, as the probabilities point to

a shortage of well rooted plants for 1909

trade, and possibly to a further rise in

prices. Most of the nurseries have an-

nounced a substantial rise in prices on

account of the dry season preventing the

setting of a.large number of plants;

and when the plants are dug the supply

may prove to be still smaller than antici-

pated, so those ordering late may not

be able to get their plants, and they

will at least be likely to get smaller

plants, or have to take substituted varie-

ties, and possibly pay higher prices.



The experience of last season confirms

the belief we have had for some time

that it is best to save the early runners

and get them layered as soon as possible,

rather than cut the earliest ones because

they are said to be weaker and to weaken

the parent plant as claimed by some. It

will be remembered that we "had a dry

spell the last of July, followed by as hard

rain in early August, then another

drought which lasted thruout the auw

tumn. We were'fortunate in getting our

runners layered, both for fruiting and

for plants the last of July and first of

August, so the rain which followed set-

tied the dry soil around them and gave

the roots a start so that these plants

withstood the drouth and made a good

growth, but few plants started and ob-

tained a good root system that were not

in place before this rain. Now, if we

had cut the most of these runners which

first formed in July instead of layering

them we would have had poorly filled

rows and fewer and smaller plants. It

might work all right on a wet season

like 1907, but I prefer to take chances

with the early runners every year.



Calhoun Co. S. B. HARTMAN.





 





CABBAGE, EARLY AND LATE.





 





The first requisite in successful cab-

bage growing is good seed, as no amount

of fertility or culture can compensate

for an inferior or unfertile quality. No

less important, perhaps, are soil and cul-

tural conditions. A cool, rich, moist soil

is best adapted to cabbage culture, but

lacking these, heavy fertilizing and in-

tensive culture Imust, insofar as possible,

compensate for the deficiencies. The

cabbage crop, both early and late, is sub-

ject to serious onslaughts from enemies

both insect and fungus, and some sug-

gestions as to the most successful meth-

ods of combatting these will, we believe,

be timely. The early sorts will not suffer

from the attacks of the cabbage worm to

any appreciable extent, as it is usually

safely out of the way before .the appear-

ance of-that much despised pest. Its

chief enemy is the cabbage maggot, much

to be dreaded and hard to control, as it

works underground and is thus difficult

of approach. High fertility and intensive

culture are, in their way, good prevent—

ivcs and should be followed to the limit;

but often they will prove inadequate.



The trouble is caused by a fly, (seem-

ingly well adapted to its nefarious pur-

pose), depositing eggs upon the stem of

the plants just above the ground surface.

As the maggots hatch they descend into

the ground where their work goes on

uninterruptcdly.



For this form of the attack it has been

recommended to make. protectors of heavy

pasteboard or tarrcd paper. These may

be cut square or round, four to six inches

in diameter, with‘ an incision running from

the outer edge to the. center where a

round hole is cut to accommodate or

receive the stem of the plant. These are

said to be effectual for the reason that

the maggot, when hatched, cannot get

below the paper and so will not work

damage to the. root. Making the pro-

tectors by hand is somewhat slow and

tedious, or would be where large numbers

are required, but in some instances they

have been cut by a die, which can be

done rapidly. Doubtlcss the most effect-

ual remedy now in use is kerosene emul-

sion after the following formula: To

two quarts of boiling soap thinned to the

consistency of cream, add one quart of

kerosene oil. Thoroly mix by s" "g

or churning until a creanm-like substance

is fonmed and dilute with five times the

amount of water. Remove the earth from

around the stem and apply the-emulsion

once a week.





THE MICHIGAN ‘FARMER.





Club'root, a fungus disease, is liable

to attack eithen the late or early Crop,

and wherever there is reason to suspect

its presence, air-slacked lime, at the rate

of 2,000 to 3,000 pounds per acre should

be applied to the surface before planting

out. If it is known that the ground‘is

infested, the lime should by all means be

applied; but the land should be devoted

to other crops for two or three years.

And this should apply to all cruciferous

(bearing seed in pods) crops.



As stated above, the late crop will be

safe from the maggot nuisance, but in-

stead Imust run .its chances with the cab-

bage worm. Fortunately, this damage is

not so noticeable in large fields or areas

as in the home gardens or small patches.

Many remedies are in use for this trouble,

but in my own experience I have found

nothing more effectual than equal parts

of salt and wood ashes liberally dusted

on when the plants are damp with dew

or rain. There need be no fear of injur-

ing the plants with the salt, as they

like it and will stand plenty of it. Pyre-

thrum is also much used and is a fairly

effective remedy, but I prefer the former.

Paris green and slug shot are used by

many and these poisons are not danger-

ous until the heads are half or two-thirds

grown after which they should be dis-

continued. '



Time of Planting.





No hard and fast rules can be fol—

lowed as to season of transplanting to





the open ground. One thing is certain,





however, for the first early crop the

plants must be permanently in the

ground just as early as soil and weather

will admit. They will stand pretty cold

weather and if well hardened consider-

able frost also, so that above the 40th

parallel from February 15 to the middle

of March, owing to its locality, is none too

early to start the seeds in the hotbed.

Then under good conditions of growth,

transplanting in the hotbeds and careful

hardening off they should be ready for

the open ground as soon as soil and

weather will admit. Generally speaking,

in the latitude of Detroit, early April

will be as early as the plants can safely

go into the open ground; and even this

will be largely determined by particular

location and soil. In nearly all locations

the late plants can be grown in the open

ground and late May with some varia—





tions as to locality will be early enough,





to sow the seed.





Extra Early Sorts.



It must be remembered that there are

far more names attached tO‘the cabbage

family than distinct sorts, and this

comes thru different scedsmen rechristen—

ing the old and standard varieties. So

that a list of names as long as the moral

law is required even to get all that is

best out of the entire round-up.



The Early Jersey Wakefield is, without

doubt, the earliest known variety, and is

the main dependence of the garden craft

for a first early. It is almost oak-hardy,

thus enabling it to thrive under adverse

weather conditions that will prove de-

structive to most first early sorts. It is

excelled by none and equalled, if at all,

by very few. Large Wakefield is some-

what later, but larger and less conical

than the former. Its extreme hardiness

for early planting out makes it a good

succession for the earlier sort and grow-

ers who plant largely of it will not go

amiss.



Early Spring is the earliest flat-headed

variety under cultivation, being just a

little later than the Larger Wakefield.

It is exceedingly popular as a market

sort, growing nearly as large as many

of the later varieties, and its very com—

pact form, with few outer or coarse

leaves, allows of closer setting than 311

most any other variety, so. there is no

question as to yield.



Of the mmlium early sorts there are

some deserving of especial mention.





Early Flat Dutch is one of the most '





popular sorts under cultivation. Its com-

pact form admits of close setting and

its sure heading quality are points not





to be overlooked, ._ especially in a market

Brunswick Short Stein is ex-"





variety.





 





 





,





_ FEB. 27, 1909.





 





Cheap materials and flims con-

struction can't make a satis actory

implement. They cost a lot of time

and temper and the saving in price

is but trifling.





WALTER A. woon IMPLEMENTS





are made of the highest grade materials and are carefully put together

by competent workmen. A fifty-seven year experience is behindjthem.

These are the implements it pays to buy, you getsatiSfaction in, every

respect. Take for example our Spring and Spike Tooth Harrows.





They do ood work under all conditions and endure severest strain. The Izbeam steel"

composing t eir frames has no e ual for strength in proportion to its bulk, while nothing

makes as good a tooth bar as the -bar steel we use, as it is the only material that ields

properly to the strain of the teeth. The relief springs on the adjusting bars _(exc uswe

Wood feature) allow the levers to yield to unusual strain on teeth, savmg the entire harrow

from injury and great] prolonging its life. The triangular tooth on the spike barrow

cuts the soil easier and, stirs more of it than any other; has three sharp edges to be used

in succession and is held more firmly against the tooth barf than any other kind.

The steel runners on the spring tooth barrow have renewableshoes, allow adjust-

ment 'of height of hai-row frame savmg

it wear, preventing“‘gathering of trash.

Have our dealer‘show. you these barrows.

If ou don't know his address, ask us.



t illustrated forty-page catalogue. .





Walter A. Wood Mowing and

Reaping Machine to.





Box 204 Hoosick Falls. N. Y.

Leading Independent Harvesting Machine Concern





lion’t~ Waste ‘ Money





WALTER A. WOOD SHKE TOOTH NARROW





 





 





 





 





 





WALTER A. WOOD SPRING‘TOOTH MARROW





 





 





 





 





l . , ,



I: armer on Strawberry

i . '

complete, practical treatise on f ‘



Strawberries and other Small . ... _,.. s... '

Fruits. Written by L. J. Far. ’ ‘ - -



mer who has spent 25 years _

among plants and berries. '

Price 250., but. “worth

its weight in gold” (nota.

catalog.) Your money

back if not satisfied. -

We are introducers

of Norwood Strawberry,



i’our berries filled a



guart (see illustration).



lso R0 al Purple,



Idaho an Plum Farm-



er Raspberries, etc.



Our catalog des-

cribes hundreds of

varieties of Fruit,



Plants, Asparagus,



Roses, etc.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Sent Free





Send 100 for 6

lants“Champion”

trawberry for



trial. They will

be sent. free if

you mention

this paper and

send 25c., or

“Farmer on

the Straw-

berry."





Address

l. J. Farmer





Box 960

Pulaski, N. Y.





MORWDODS

FILL A QUART





 





 





 





 





'—' '(THATfiSJSTTLES rr)





 





A Sticky Preparation Applied

Directly to the Bark oi Trees.





Will not injure trees. Remains sticky three

months fully exposed to weather. Easily

applied with asmall paddle. A pound makes

a band 7 to 8 feet long. Once applied needs

only occasional inspection to remove leaves,

etc. Une ualed to protect trees from Spring

and Fall Canker orm, Tussock,Gypsy, and Brown-

Tail Moths, Fall Web'Woi-m, Bag Worm, Climbing

Cut Worm, or any climbing or creeping pests.





   

 

 

 





 





 





",4 a. “a





ceedmgly popular "1 the eaSt’ and no Should be used before the pinsects begin to ascend the trees. Put up In I. 3. lo and 20-pound





, deovn; . ,. ...





 





 





 

 

 





the medium as to season it is a good- _

A—l

Winnigstadt is one of the most popular

theless equally good for winter, and own

( ' le to ' sect attacks, the plain truth about the Best Seedsthat can be ' '

the lent susceptlb m ‘ Grown. Do you want a. copy? If so address BU RPE E, Philadelphla





doubt is equally as good for the western cans. Price 24c. 10300. por pound. WREND FOR BOOKLET.

winter keeper and, all in all, is one of

URPEE’S Seeds GPOW!“

. . . ' the

of all varieties, very hardy and a sure 7

mg to its conical upright "habit 0f growth" and THE SILENT SALESMAN of the World's‘Lnrgest Mail-order Seed Trade,——if you ask. or it,

of any variety grown. Of the late sorts





grower. It is of the flathead type and E o. (I, w. THUM COMPANY, Grand Rapids,vMich.

the Vmost popular sorts grown. Earlyj

header. Medium as to season it is never- Bur cc BuSine G o S! .

vv We shallbe

p SS 1. pleased to

and peculiar leaf teXtUI‘e it is COHSideI‘ed‘ with the statement that you value QUALITY IN SEle. An elegant book of174 pages.i tells

rthe Premium Flat Dutch is doubtless
any“: ~ v -'





so; -





FEB. 27, 1909.





better known and most popular of all;

Under good conditions 95 per cent of the

plants will head and it holds remarkably

true to type. The Premium Late Drum-

head is also a valuable market sort, in

rich soils having‘a very large, deep head.

It also has the valuable. quality of being

the best yielder in poor' soil of any sort

at present known. Mammoth Dru‘mhead

is the largest known Evariety’ and also

good as to quality. Entire fields have

been grown with an average of 30 pounds

per head and this, we believe, could not

be duplicated with any other known sort.

The Danish" Ball Head’ is a deservedly

popular sort, excellent in quality, very

solid as to. texture, and doubtless un-

equalled as a» keeper or shipper.





As to the red sorts so much sought





after for pickling purposes, I believe we

shall find the sum of all excellence veri-

fied in one single variety, Mammoth

Rock Red. Its large size and 'sure head-

ing quality, fine flavorLand rich red color,

make it the choice of all the red sorts,

both for home 01 market purposes. In

the above list we have aimed to offer

only the "‘winnowed wheat. ” Many other

varieties are good, but Considered from

many viewpoints as, home use, market

demands, soil and climatic conditions,

etc., we believe the above selections are

safe and conservative. ’





Wayne Co. J. E. MORSE.





 





PURCHASING SPRAY MATERIALS.





 





The time is at hand for the purchase of

spray materials. The indications are that

there will be an unprecedented demand

for spraying chemicals this season and

this may cause a shortage that will make

orders slow in being filled or a rise in

prices, or both. When one knows he will

need a certain amount of these materials

it may save much anxiety and perhaps

prevent the first'sprayir‘g being neglected

if the materials are ordered on‘time. It





will also be a little easier to get at the,





spraying on time if the "materials are

purchased, since the farmer will then

reason that he must certainly attend to

the spraying because he has some money

already invested in the materials.



If there is scale in the orchard the first

thing to be considered is a spray material

suitable to combat this pest, since this

must be applied before the leaves are

out. The sprays used for this purpose

are chiefly the home- made lime-sulfur

mixture, the commercial lime-sulfur

preparations and the soluble oil sprays.

In general I believe we should confine our

choice to the first tvl’o as our experiment

station does not recommend the oil sprays

and they are of little value as fungicides,

while the lime-sulfur washes are good

fungicides and take ,the place of the "first

application of copper sulfate if applied

at the right time, in addition to being

the best known remedy for the scale.



As to whether we are to use the home-

made'or the commercial lime—sulfur will

depend much upon conditions. It is

probable that the large grower can pre-

pare his own materials more cheaply than

he can purchase them already prepared,

yet many are now using the cmnmercial

preparations, believing that the increased

cost of labor in preparing and applying

the home—made wash will offset the extra

cost of the commercial preparation. If

the farmer who uses a barrel or less can

secure the commercial mixture at a rea-

sonable cost, say 20 cents per gallon or

less, I believe it will prove-cheaper and

more satisfactory than to make that

amount 11t‘homc. Many farmers with

small orchards will need only a half bar—

rel, (about four gallons will make :30 gal—

lons of spray material), and if he can

purchase this in a half barrel cask he

can spray at any time by simply diluting

with cold water. This will offer a better

inducement for the farmer to take up the

work than will the impression that he

must prepare his spray by boiling for an

hour and applying hot, which is not a

very agreeable job.



As for comparative efficiency nothing

has been found better than properly

cooked home—made wash, but Proffessor

Taft states that the best brands of the

commercial mixture are nearly as good

as the best home-made wash, and it

is probable that they are better than the

home—made material as many make it.

Sulfur will cost the average farmer about

three or three and one—half cents per





pound, and the 15 pounds of sulfur and'





25 pounds of lime to make a barrel of

mixture would cost about 60 cents. The

prepared 'mixture at 20 cents per gallon

would cost about 80 cents. per spray bar-

rel, leaving 20 cents to pay for the labor

of preparing a barrel of the wash

Copper sulfate will also be needed early,





.-.—-





THE MICHIGAN FARMER-





whether the treesJiave scale or not.- It

will take three to four pounds for a bar-

relof spray, and it will probably cost the

average farmer six to seven‘ cents per

pound in quantities of 100 pounds or

more. Prices on this are very variable,»

rising and falling with the copper market.

This is the leading fungicide, and com—

bined with lime makes Bordeaux mixture,

the principal remedy for the scab.



Arsenate of lead and paris green are

the principal arsenates for the apple

“worm,” and other eating insects. Paris

green is much cheaper, but one cannot

apply as much arsenic in this form as in

arsenate of lead' and it is more easily

washed off by rains. For these reasons

most of the larger growers are using ar—

senate of lead either alone or.in’ combi-

nation with other arsenicals such as ar—

senite of lime. Paris green will cost the

average farmer from 25 to 40 cents per

pound, depending up0n the grade and

quantity purchased, and from one—fourth

to one-third pound will be needed for a

barrel of the spray. Arsenate of lead

will cost in the neighborhood of 12 cents

per pound and from two to three pounds

are required to the barrel.



The above statistics and prices are given

hoping they may aidthe many who have

not yet sprayed, to estimate the amount

and cost of‘materials needed, and to pur-

chase them in time; Large grewers can

purchase somewhat cheaper than the

prices given, and small amounts for a.

few trees will cost more, but the prices

are a fair average for the general farmer

out of fruit sections.



Calhoun Co. S. B. HARTMAN.





PROVIDE A GOOD LAWN.





 





‘I believe that a properly cared for

lavVn adds to the value of a farm. It

looks at least to the passerby, that the

people who live there are comfortable

and happy; The average front yard is a

.pretty bad. proposition to tackle, but

much can be done if the spirit is willing

and'» the flesh not too weak. The average

farmer becomes very weak when the con-

dition of the yard is mentioned, or very

busy, and the job usually falls to his

wife. Country yards would be much

pleasanter if the yards were properly

cared for, shade trees set, and also flow-

ering shrubs and plants. The catalogs

and the tree agents have so many things

to offer in trees, shrubs, and plants that

there is almost no limit of choice. It

doesn’t really take much time to do

these things, nor much money.



Sometimes the back yard and barn-

yard are filled with a collection of vener-

able vehicles and dilapidated farm ma-

chinery long past their days of useful-

ness. On our farm these articles, when

no longer useful, are drawn into a field

and burned. The bolts are sorted out

and saved and the old iron sold at the

junk shop. “The boy” has the money

from the sale of the old iron, so he keeps

it gathered up and piled out of sight

from the house. The little girl has the

money from the old rubbers so these are

kept gathered up also.



In the two years we have lived in our

present home there have been several

wagon loads of old rails and boards drawn

from the backyard and barnyard to the

'woodpile. The fem es have been rebuilt

around the y'aId and Several wagon loads

of sand put in to fill up sags where

water stood. but this is only a beginning,

for both the front and back yard are

full of little humps and hollows which

must be done away with before a lawn

mower can be used.



City folks would soon stop looking

down on the farmer if he would make

himself and his farm worth looking 11p to.



Then there is another side, to the ques-

tion: Vl‘ould the young folks be so anx-

ious to leave the farm if it was a pleas-

ant home instead of just a place to

work?



Barry Co. K. T.





 





The, annual bearing tree, instead of

lifting its limbs high in the air will droop

them from the iniluence of the weight of

the fruit. “'hen they only bear occas-

ionally they have opportunity to straighten

before they are again weighted. This

feature makes a fairly accurate guide

when purchasing an orchard or gather—

ing scions for grafting.





 





Delays Are Dangerous.



If you need medical help, don’t put it

off from day to day. Some day it may

be. too late, for delays are dangerous.

Vitae—Ore has cured thousands of sick

and ailing people of troubles in all parts

of the body. Read the Vitae—Ore adver-

tisement on last page and send for a dolr

lar package on thirty days trial without

delay. 319d .Sngi'mlit $311.0“). $.01" 3’92-





We also sell NITRATE 0F SODA.





PILES





If You Have Piles Send Us the

Coupon and You’ll Get Dr. Van

Vleck’s 3-Fold Absorption





$1 Cure to Try Free





We have found a remedy that is cur-

ing thousands in every stage of this

cruel disease—curing even cases of 30

and 40 years’ suffering after doctors and

everything else had failed. IVe want

every sufferer to try our remedy. Just

fill out and mail the coupon—return post

will bring the

treatment (in plain

wrapper). Then if

you are satisfied

with the. benefit





 





and comfort re-

ceived, send us ‘

$1.00. If not tell,

us so and you owe

us nothing. We

accept your deris—

ion. This treat-

ment is curing

many of the worst

cases on record,

after a, lifetime of

suffering, and we

have many letter

to prove our broa

claims. Will you try it without cost?

Then write your name and address plainly





 





 





on this coupon and mail it to us. Send

no money—just the coupon. Send it

today.





— FREEE $1, COUPON





Good for a 01 Package of Dr. Van Vleck's

Complete 3-F Treatment to be sent Free

on Approval. 11 explained above. to





Name ...................................... V .........................





Address





 





........................................................... dongle-us...-





Mnll this coupon today to Dr. Van Vleck Co.,





219) ‘ 23,1





./ nor-Bros

AND cow FRAMES





’ The double layer of glass does it ,





 





Lets 1n the light always. .



Never has to be covered or' uncovered? no

boards or mats needed.



Retains the heat. excludes the cold\ |



Save: three-fourths of the labor and expense '



f and makes stronger_a_nd,earlicr plantsjhan

single-glass sash. '\ X _ _



Ask for catalogl .K_ It tells all about iL‘





Address.





Sunlight Double-Glass Sash Co. 1

soar-1mm: LOUISVILLE, KY. i





Niiraie of 30d?





Nitrate Sold in Original Bags

NITRATE AGENCIES CO.





64 Stone Street. New York

Keyaer Building. Baltimore, Md. \

36 Bay Street, East. Savannah. Ga.

305 Baronne Street. New Orleans, La.

I40 Dcarborn Street. Chicago, Ill.

Holcombe & Co., 24 California Street

San Francisco, Cal.

603-4 Oriental Block, Seattle. Wash.





Addron Office Nearest You





 





 





 





Orders for All Quantities Promptly

Filled—Write for Quotations





 





 





 





 





F K 9 Majestic Bldg. Jackson. Mich. Re-

turn post will bring tne $1 Package on Trial.





 





 





in America, on iamouo Columbus Bu;-

Il‘l—BI prices that save you big money.



Lowest [notary prices offered by anyone.

shipped on one month' 5 approval. 2



yean' guarantee. Get new free catalog. \\“"1'

(‘olumhuo Carriage I: Home" Go-

Station Colpmbus. 0.





2591.13:





WRITE FOR BEST BIIEEY 0H2“





 

 

 

 

   





 





 

 

 





* This In to



introduce our new

method of selling Nor.

sery stock by "In" direct

to user at prices that cannot be

equaled. Send us your name and ad-

dress for free catalog and full particulars

how to get 25 grape vines FREE, No catch

scheme, simply a fair 11nd square offer. Address





Iowa Nursery Co., Dept. 87, Des Moines. Iowa.





CLOVER SEED





Genuine Northern Grown

MAMMOTH,





Prime, $5.40 per Bu. Bags 23 cents each.

EDW. E. EVANS, West Branch, Mich.





WHERE THE GOOD TREES

COME FROM.

Chestnut Grove Nurseries.

The hardiest, healthiest and best rooted trees,



shrubs and roses to be found in America.

Catalogue free.

13.. S. MAYO G 90., ROCHESTER. N. Y.

Since 0





   





 

 

 

   

 

 





 

 

 





 





 





 





SEED OATs—Great Russian variety. Silver

. Plume, no smut or rust, out yields



other kinds 10 to 20 hu. per acre. $1.00 per bu.. bags



free. J. C. BUTLER, Portland, Mich.





FIELD PEAS for sale. CansdlnnJWhite variety.

Large and heavy yieldern. Also

Warehouse No. 2 Fanning Mill, hand or belt power.





 





 





 





EARLY SPECIAL TOMATO





The Earliest in the World.



The Best for Market and Home Use.



Matures a. week to ten days ahead of any other

known variety. Fruits of good size. Smooth.

Solid. Bright Red Color. and finest Flavor. the

only kind that will Mature Perfect fruit In North-

ern Michigan. I had a nice crop of these tomatoes

last season and I consider them first of all for Earli-

nesa. Hardiness, Size and Uniform shape.



I have only a. limited amount of this seed and

while It lasts will send large Package post Paid for

only 10c in Silver. Address





[1.28. ELLIOTT. lowering. Emmet Co., Mich.





Wholesale Prices.





Strawberry, Raspberry, Blackberry, Grape and

Current Plants. Extra heavy rooted high crude

stock. 17 annual wholesale and retail catalogues

free. A. B.WESTON&CO.. n.1, Bridgman. Mich





EACH TREES— Orchard size, 4 and 5 cm. each.

Elbertn, etc. Write for free catalog. Woodbine

Nurseries. W. A. ALLEN dz SON, Geneva. Ohio.





PLANTS. VINES. ROSES. ETC.

The oldest, largest and most complete nursery in

Michigan. Send for catalog. Prices reasonable.

Agents wanted. I. E. ILGENFBITZ SONS CO.

The MONROE NURSERY, Monroe. Michigan.





MICHIGAN GROWN



are best for M10111.



GAN P L A N 'I‘ EBB



Healthy finely rooted.



Direct to you at great money-saving prices. Catn-

log and Price List FREE. Write 10-day.





CELERY crrv uunsznlzs. KALAMAzoo. MIOH.

PEACH] TRCEES. 3c; Apple, 5c; Cherry.





All kinds of fruit trees and

plantsflet cats. lEZRNS’I" S NURSERIES, Moacow,0.





STRAWBERRY P 11m. eggggglggtgégggnggg;

g3.10 per M. Many other standard sorts. Write

me yourwants. GEO. E. STARR Royal Oak Mich.





ODERBRUCKER Barley,‘ Swedish Outs. Win.

:No. 7 & White Flint (.‘oru, all genuine 100% pure

.0 MYRICK, Bristol Win.





LOVER SEED— We have the largest crop of





Clover Seed In 20 years. Write us for rices.

S. BASH&CU.. Ft. Wayne, Indiana?





GRILL’S DAKOTA snsn can 13:21:73?





Corn Book mulled FREE. Write now.





SEED OATS .liillfi"..l".§i..lfiilil"%;..





L. N. GRILL SEED 00.. ELK POINT. SOUTH DAKOTA





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





No noxious seeds.





 





 





 





Nearly new. Wm. D. Donahue. Emmett, Mlch.,R. l.

1908 crop, truly de-





ONION SEED. pendsble seed; own





growing. Yellow, red and white Globe. Write for

prices LAUGHLIN SEED 00., Kenton, Ohio,





 





Spec. & B1. Locust. healthy 1 yr. trees

true calalpa $4 {:0 per 1,000. All kinds forest (It ever-

green trees cheap. '1‘. G. BROSIUS. TIiiin, Ohio.





Whon in lined oi FERTILIZE fiifi‘flfif’fifflnw

The JAMES BOLAND FERTILIZER 00., Jackson,

Mien. Oflice 105 E. Pearl St. Both Phones No. 69.





 





 





 





CLOVER SEED Klimt:

Michigan. Direct from grower to raiser. Clean,

bestqualityJG. 25 bu. C.A .CAIN, Hillman, Mich





Sensation: Great yielder. (Weigh 40

CA I llll. per bushel). Alan Seed CornI Pota-



tool, Alfalfa and Clover Seed. Sample:

and catalog free. THEO. BURT 62 SONS, Melrose, Ohio.





msutnmn swsmsu SELECT 11113. 33.3,





from Garton Seed Company last year. Write for sum.

pie and price. Colon C. Lillie, Coopersvllle, Mich.





 





 





 





HARDY FRUIT 81. URNAMENTAI TREES, 3"”





Grand lot of PEACH and other FRUIT TREES. We aim to give sntlstaction. Send for catalog

Address T. B. WEST, Maple Bend Nursery, Lock Box 286, PERRY, OHIO.





 





ACID PHOSPHATE.





 





AGENTS WAN TE





'We offer the best goods for the lowest prices and most reasonable terms





SULPHATE and MURIATE of POTASI‘I.

AGRICULTURAL LIME.





11 r 111‘ “T—

Fertlhzers





W Write for Prices and Terms. “’83





THE BUFFALO manna-21100., Ste. A, BUFFALO, 11.11.
7“” 23‘s" " :11





. .3





'r





 





\





232 ' (20)





PLANNING FOR NEXT YEAR.





 





The main work of the gardener now .is

to plan the garden for next year. You

know by this time what has paid and

what has not. You know what your soil

is fitted for and what your market wants.

You can form a pretty good idea. of

whether you want to grow crops on the.

intensive or extensive plan. In other

words you can figure out whether it pays

you best to put lots of work on a small

amount of ground, or as little labor as

possible on a considerable acreage.





Here in New Jersey where land is high

priced, $125 per acre, or $6.00 per acre

rent, I prefer to use fewer acres and

mczc labor, but in places where land is

cheaper and labor scarce and high I

know it pays better to put in lots of land

and get along with as little labor as pos—

sible. It is for every man ‘to choose

which suits him better. Either one can

be made a success. I have always gar-

dened on the intensive plan, having in

perhaps 20 acres of small stuff, and hir-

ing lots of help. My main competitor in

the garden business was a man who

rented 10 acres of rather thin land, that

he got for $4.00 per acre. He hired much

less labor and while he got smaller yields

he made nearly as much profit as I did,

and now owns a farm of his OWn.



Onions can be made to pay if a man

wishes to put a good bit of labor on a

small piece of land. I have always made

a ,profit on them and often a good big

profit. They will do well on almost any

land but of course will do best on good

rich land. A yield of 300 bushels per

acre is about an average, but I have had

them up to 600 bushels per acre and have

known of cases of even larger yields.

Price onions in the stores now and they

will ask you fully one dollar a bushel.

You can figure out for yourself what

there is in it. Small onions for sets are

also a very good paying crop. I had

some this year that made 200 bushels

per acre and they are now worth $2 per

bushel. Some years I have known them

to sell down to a dollar, but never less

than that. The worst drawback with

them is that it takes 50 pounds of seed

to the acre and it costs from 50 to 7.3

cents per pound. The profits are, how—

ever, proportionately large. The seed

is sown in rows a foot or 14 inches apart

the same as the big onions, but about

ten times as thick in the row, and later in

the season. We sow in May.



Probably more money to the acre can

be made from celery than from any other





garden crop. Try a block of it next‘





year. It can be grown on any rich, moist

soil that would grow good, late cabbage.

Mine is in rows 4 feet apart and the

plants about 4 inches in the rows.



If you have a market for early radishes





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





celebrated medicines.





into his full confidence. Thus too he has





remedies 0F KNOWN COMPOSITION.

Pierce has shown that his formulas





Not only does the wrapper of every bottle of Dr.

Pierce’s Golden Medical Discovery, the {mucus

medicine for weak stomach, torpid liver or bilious-

ness and all catarrhal diseases wherever located,

have printed upon it in plain English, a full and

complete list of all the ingredients composing it,

but a small book has been compiled from numer-

ous standard medical works, of all the different

schools of practice, containing very numerous ex—

tracts from the writings of leading practitioners of

medicine, endorsing in the strongest possible terms,

each and every ingredient contained in Dr. Pierce’s

medicines. One of these little books will be mailed

free to any one sending address on postal card or

by letter, to Dr. R. V. Pierce, Buflalo, N. Y., and





requesting the same.





' worked,





Weed.”





 





BOLD STEP





To overcome the well-grounded and reasonable objections of'

the more intelligent to the use of secret, medicinal compounds,

Dr. R. V. Pierce, of Bufialo, N. Y., sometime ago, decided to

make a bold departure from the usual course pursued by the

makers of put- up medicines for domestic use, and so has

lished broad- cast and openly to the whole world, a full pand

complete list of all the ingredients entering into the composition of his widely





As made up by improved and exact processes, the “Favorite Prescription”

most efficient remedy for regulating all the womanly functions, correcting displacements,

as prolapsus,-anteversion and retroversion, overcoming painful periods, toning up the

nerves and bringing about a perfect state of health. Sold by all dealers in med1c1nes





FEB. 27, 1909.





pub-





Thus Dr. Pierce has taken his numerous patrons and patients





removed his med-V





icines from among secret nostrums of doubtful merits and

placed them in a class all by themselves by making them

By this bold. step Dr.

are» of such , excellence

that he is not afraid to subiect them to the fullest 'Scrutiny.





From this little book it will be learned that Dr.

Pierce 3 medicines

ics, mineral agents or other poisonous or injurious

agents and that they are made from native, medi-

cinal roots. of great value; also that some of the

most valuable ingredients contained in Dr. Pierce’s

' Favorite Prescription for weak, nervous, over-

”run-down,”

en, were employed, long .years ago, by the Indians

for similar ailments affecting their squaws.

one of the most valuable medicinal plants entering

into the composition of Dr. Pierce’ 5 Favorite Pre-

scription was known to the Indians as

Our knowledge of the uses of not a

few of our most valuable native, medicinal plants

was gained from the Indians.





centain no alcohol, narcot-





nervous and debilitated wom-





In. fact,





Squaw-





isa





 





 





 





you can make big money out of them and 3





make it quicker than with any

crop. I have often sold $100 worth in 3

weeks from an acre sown broadcast with

a grass seeder, and after they were off





other 1





in May I had the ground for late cab~,





bages. You are out practically nothing

but about five pounds of seed to the

acre and perhaps an hour‘s time sowing

them and harrowing them in. If you





find a market for them, all right, and if‘





not, you are not out much. I would ad-

vise you to sow a pound each of live dif-

ferent varieties and then you stand a

better chance of pleasing every one of

the patrons.



For the gardener who wants something

he can tend with a ridingr cultivator. I

would recommend early peas.





to sow very thickly and can be tended

with a common cultivator. They do not

require much work, but the picking, and





we hire that done at 18 cents per busheLl





TREE





A good yield is 100 bushels per acre ofl





green peas in the pod, and I have often

had 150. The first will bring $1.25 to

$1.50 per bushel and later when they get

plentiful will sell for just about one-half.

The great secret is to get them in very

early. I have often put them in on fall

plowing, when the drill Would grate on

frozen ground every little ways. or

course, you cannot plant wrinkled peas

early that way.



If you have a good market, early sweet

corn is a paying crop. It can be planted

thickly and an enonmous number of we

grown to the acre. I have had as high

as 700 dozen ears to the acre and it gen-

erally sells at 10 to 15 cents per dozen.

While the later sorts are much bigger

and sweeter cars they do not, as a rule,

pay as well as the earlies. Plant Cory,





They can‘

be planted with a bean or corn drill sot,





 





White Mexican and other early kinds. They

will be off the ground by the latter part

of July and you can get another crop in

after it.





.New Jersey.. " C. A. Uiuosnnm. ‘





you can pay us out of the “extra profit.”





111131 srn1111130~ 11111 111111





NO-MONEY-iN-ADV‘ANCE.

PAY AFTER IT HAS mm

FOR ITSELF.





LET US SEND YOU ANY OF THESE ISPRAYERS,—to try for 10 days, then

if you buy, you can pay us cash or we’ll wait till you sell your crop, then





 





 





 





We pay freight. Wholesale dealers’ prices.





 





 





 





Man- Power Potato & Orchard Sprayer.





Sprays “anything”—potatoes or truck, 4 rows at a

time. Also first-class tree sprayer. Vapor spray

prevents blight, bugs, scab and rot from cutting

your crop in half High pressure from big wheel.

Pushes easy. Spray arms adjust to any width or

height of row. Chea an in price, light strong and dur-

able. GUARANTEED FOR 6 FULL YE

Needn’t- send- ”a -cent to get it “on trial. ” You can get

one free if you are first inyour locality. Write now.





Write today.

are satisfied that it is just as we recommend it, send us a. list of

the names of your Neighbors and we will write them and quote

theménice and have t



for every Fitz ALL prayer we sell from your list we will credit you with $2. 00



or send you check it you have paid ca a.sh



For every Man- Power Potato at Orchard Sprayer we sell we will credit you

with $3. 50 or send check.



For ev ery Horse- -Power Potato & Orchard Sprayer we sell will credit

you $8. 50 or send 0 h.eck



We do all corresponding and selling. All you need do is show the sprayer, Many

have paid jar their sprayers in this way. This odor is good for only the first

order in each locality Don’t delay. Send the coupon or post card N0





II. L. “0381' MFG. 00.. 174 North 81. Canton. Ohlo





FREE —Get a sprayer FREE.—Alter you have tried the sprayer and





em call and see your machine work, and





 





 





Horse-Power Potato & Orchard Sprayer.

For big growers. Most powerful machine made.

soto 100 gallon tank for one or two horses. Steel axle.

One-piece-heavy-angle-iron frame. cypress wood

tank with adjustable round iron hoops. Metal

wheels. “Adjustable” spray arms and nozzles. Brass

ABS ball-valves, plunger, strainer, etc. Big pump gives

vapor spray. Warranted for 5 years. Try thie

machine at our expense with “your money in your pocket."

- S e e tre 0 offer below.





Nauu.





Fitz-All Barrel Sprayer.

Fits any barrel or tank. High pres-

sure, perfect agitation, easy to

operate. Brass ball-valves, plung-

er, strainer, etc. A u t o m atio

strainer. Ito “cup leathers or rub-

ber” about any of our sprayers.



‘ Furnished plain, mounted on bar-

rel, or on wheels as shown. 6 year

guarantee. It don’ t cost you “a cent”

to try it in your orchard. Get one

free. See below. Write today. ,





4





AA





0 0 I] P0 "—11" out and send today. Th“ 00mm will





E. L. BURST MFG. 00.,1'M North St., Canton

Send me your Catalog Spra Guide, and “special Oder"

on the sprayer marked wi lath

1111- -Power Potato & Orchard S rnyer.

Horse-Power Potato at Orchard prayer.

Fitz-All Barrel Sprayer.





again.





beOW.





............. .-u....-n-o-uuc-c---u.-----.---...-nuuooooooooooo





ADDRESS.... ............................................ ........





 





 





Samples of

Green’s Prices:





25 CENT OFFER One Crawford Peach tree, 1 best New Diploma Currant,

I lNiag '1ra \V hite Grape. 1 I ive I'oreyer hardy Rose

bush, all delivered at your home, by mail, for 25 cents.





, I‘ourteen trees for $1.00, as follows:

GREEN S ”OI-LA“ (”Fall 8 I’lum trees, 2 Burbank, 2 Lombard,

2 Thanksgiving and 2 Abundance; 1 Bartlett Pear, 2 14 lbert: 1 Fe: 1ch, 1 Rich-

mond and 1 biontmorency hardy Cherry trees, 2 Live 1< orever Rosebushes.





Express Collect. All for $1.00. Trees about 4 to 5 feet high, 2 years old.





9 Fifty Plum trees your choice, about 4 to 5

GREEN 8 BIG OFFER! feet high, 2 years old, for 0353.00. 50 Cherry

trees, your choice, about 4 to 5 feet high, 2 years old, $5. 0. Cash with order.



Send to- day for our 72- page FRUIT CATALOG, 137 fruit pictures,

etc. ., '111d a copy of BIG FRUI'I‘0 IVIAGAZINE, all .1 gift to you. list 1b-

lished 30 ye:.1rs Capital, $100,0



BOOK \VOR'III A DOLLAR It OR 10 CENTS. Send 10 cents for

postage and mailing Green’s Book on Fruit Growing.





GREEN'S NURSERY CO. Box 63 Rochester. N. Y.





SEED CORN 153 BU. ABRE





Diamond Joe' 3 Bl: White —A strictly new variety. None llke It. It In the Earliest and Best Big White

Corn In the World Because it was bred for most Big Bushels. not fancy show polnts: because grown

from thoroughbred Inherited stock; every stalk beers one or more good earn. because scientifically

handled, thoroughly dried and properly cured. and had the moat rlgld examination. Big Seed Catalog





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





1 FREE. It tells about all best larm. groan, garden and flower seed: grown. Write for It today.





At dress RATEKIN' S SEED HOUSE. Shenandoah. Ibwii‘





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





shall you buy? Buy the

Spray Pum that fully meets the

demands 0 the Government Agri-

cultural Scientists and all practi-

cal Fruit Growers. These pumps are

widely known as





DEMING SPRAYERS





and are made in 23 styles for use in

small gardens or immense orchards.

Write for our 1909 catalog with

Sprayin Chart. Add 4 cents oost-

age an receive “Spraying '

Profit. ”a. useful guide book.





The Domlng company

705 Depot 8t.. Salem. hio





 

 

 





 





PRAY Your Fruits. Crops.

Poultry Houses. and



do whitewashing with The



AU 10-SPRAY. Factory ’16!

and guaranteed to satisfy. Fltt With

Auto- -l’op Nozzle does the work of three

ordinary sprayers. Used by Experiment ‘

Stations and 300, 000 others. We make .

many leg and sizes. Spraying Guide

Free? rite for book, prices and Agency ‘





0“"- The n. c. Brown Co 0. -

32 Jay Street. Rochester. N. Y.





lo a sure cure for smut ln onto and

rSPBBIBIDE scab on potatoes. Write for cits-

log or terms. Agents wanted." '





iSpoflcldo ChImIonl Coq‘htlnfitn. Néer





 





.





 





‘1





 





Awammwwék, .





-. ;,‘~ so“





.M:
‘\





 





wi~nfisz<¢fi <





: '- are N-





.5.





g -<~.





or B. 27, 1909.





NOl i

. -lNlllE





DISK THUST

,. HARROW

Solid or‘CutOut Disk’





With this disk harrow the farmer

can do the work of a plow. and

finish Work a plow cannot do. .

Made in eight Widths from 4 ft. 4 in.

to 13 ft. an every sxze tills the entire

width of cut, cutting and pulverizing

thoroughly all 5011.





gVoirks up the soil into a perfect seed





 

 

 

 





 

 





   

     





   





Cutting angle always under driver’s

control.

Special convex center bumpers take

- care_of enddpressure. and make this

the lightest_ raft disk harrow manu-

factured. ‘DlSkS are hard to n1ck.be1n

made of highest quality of toughstee .

Write today for our 1909 Library des-

cribing all the Johnston farm tools.





The Johnston Harvester Co.,

Box 1 lacuna. N. Y.





(ffi \ 1c





 





 

 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





.07in l- . ' . um

..,.:',.¢U‘gfiiyllvli‘.i§ i'





oonsl-iEns





.Esrnlrnrwonw

PRICES BELOW ALI. OTHERS





I give a lot of new sorts for

rial with every order I fill.





’ '1 Grand Big Catalog F

'.;'Illustrated With over _BEE

. - 700 engravings of vegeta es

and flowers. Send yours and





:j I -VI your neighbors' addresses. _

R. H. SHUMWAY. Rockford. llhnoas





Fruit and Ornamental Trees





Hundreds of cox-loads. Catalog No. 1

112 pages. FREE to purchasers 0

such. No. 2, 168 pages, to buy-

ers of Seeds noses. Bulbs.

Vines.-Shrui>s. Geraniume

and eenhouee plants in

general. ail size ostpaid. Safe

arrival and satietact on guaranteed.

rge stock of SUPERB CAN-

NA . the queen of beddinélplants.

Bend for cats]? wanted today. It tells e rest.

Direct deal wrl insure you the best and save you

money. ”years. 44 greenhouses. acres.





THE. STORRS a HARRISON CO.

308 174. Painoevillo. Ohio





POTATOES PAY





Make them pay by using the machines that

really do the work—





our, PLANT.

SPRAY,



me and

5081'





There’s nothing in ‘

potato machinery

up to -





ASPINWALL snowman-r





Write for copy of our free book telling how

to make money. growmg potatoes.





ASPINWALI. mm. (:0.

439 Sebln St., Jackson, flloh.,ll.8.l.

Pioneer Makers of Potato Machinery





uw SEED mus





Big Money in flats





I! you raise the right kind. here's your chance

to get them. Imported Canadian seed oats tor

. Extra line. Send for free sample; it

will speak ior itseli. We make a specialty of

growing extra line seed oats on our big Cana-

dian farm: new clean land, no weeds.

Have best known varieties Regenerated

Swedish Select. went 109 bu. to acre. New

market (extra early) biiuyielder also 2 row



En lish barley went 6! . toacre.



Believe twouldmyoutoptoshsnge closed and

try an of shoes oats. Average oats inbred and run

, l out. Canadian Govt. Grain Inspector Graded this min

o. 1 White. lies ed! stew. white berry, thin husk,

we ylsldors. It is as easy to M in and harvest a



stop as a smallons. Bend pos for free sample. a

Advise on to write quick. Stool will not last long.



BOOK A TRIS—Taken ban a photograph. Two stalks



horn Galloway Bros. field. Over 200 kernel) to the stalk.





MLLOWAY IIOS. 35 Jolloreon 5... Waterloo. in.





\





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 





 





 





 





 





868d Com—Northern Grown





We raise very fine seed corn here on our farm

within a few miles of Lake Ontario. It is early

and will mature anywhere in this country.

We have some New Varieties that are far

superior to ordinarykinds. Also corn for tod~

der and ensilage. ercentage of germination

marked on the tags—an advantage you don’t

get elsewhere. Ask for catalogue and wholesale

price list of seeds. ,





JOSEPH HARRIS C0.. Goldwater. N. Y.





“KANT-KLOG”, ‘

SPRAYERS..;;- '





Somethmg New

Gets twice the results

with some labor and fluid.

Flat or round, fine or coarse sprays _

from same nozzle. Ten s lee. For .

trees, potatoes, gardens, w lteyashing,

etc. Agents Wanted. Booklet 1* rec.





Rochester Spray Rump Co. 9 Int Au.





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Rochester N. Y





   





‘ THE“ ”MICHIGAN FARMER.





‘ RENOVATION. OF FRUIT TREES.





 





Method Employed In Germany.



'When I hearand s’ee so much about

“spraying of fruit trees,” Which is reCom-

mended as the best and safest means

for destroying the animal and vegetable

parasites, I recollect the experiences of

my younger days.

The general complaint about the dete-

rioration of fruit on trees raised in Mich-

igan since a. number of years, has

troubled the farmers of my home coun-

try, (the southern part of Germany),

about 60 years ago. The trees were cov-

ered with parasites and, altho blossoming

profusely as a. rule, in spring, the fruits

became scarce and unmarketable. Many

old trees were cut down, being more

damaging on account of the shadow upon

the land, than useful, means were de~

vised to suppress the evil and the learned

professors of the agricultural college

were at work in their laboratories and

made practical tests at the experimental

stations endeavoring to find a safe rem-

edy against the parasites.



The trees would be painted with lime,

cbvered with cow manure and rings of

tar or rosin, also spraying with chemical

solutions and mixtures, altho not in the





country.



In the decade 1840 to 1850, there was a

young school teacher living and teaching

the children in a village school about four

miles from my home town. The man

had a garden with a few'fruit trees and,

having a natural inclination for horti-

culture, he spent all his leisure time with

garden work, thereby keeping an open

eye and making observations about the

result of his and his neighbor's work in

planting, manuring, cultivating, pruning,

the influence of climatic conditions, etc.



Our man was very successful in raising

garden truck, but his trees were not

better than those of his neighbors, they

did not yield in harvest time what they

'had promised in spring, the fruits were

not fully developed, and many were at-

tacked by worms and parasites. This

occurred especially in the old trees, while

his young trees gave better results. Be-

ing a close observer of nature and from

his studies in botany. he came to the

conclusion that the failure of the old

trees must be mainly ascribed to the

prevailing custom of cutting away too

many of the fruit bearing twigs along

the main branches and thus spreading

the trecs to an unnatural width or height.

This custom arose from the supposition

that the fruits need plenty of air and

sunshine and will ripen earlier in such

exposed condition than in more bushy

trees. But the teacher's observations

would show that better fruits—altho re-

tarded somewhat in ripening—arc grown

on the twigs near the stem, where they

ShOW more vitality than at the exposed

ends. He found that the sun's rays,

reflecting from well developed leaves, do





‘more good than the rays falling directly





on the fruits; in fact, that the direct rays

are damaging to the fruit, as is expe—

rienced with grapes when the loaves full

prematurely. He explained the reason

for the-growth of the outer twigs from

the fact that the sap has to travel too

long a distance from the roots to the

twigs and vice versa. The work of the

sap in the cells of the stem and main

branches is also encumbered. These

cells will not develop fully and thus favor

the growth and inhabitation of parasites

on the surface, which becomes chinky

and scaly, the proper condition for the

attack of parasites.



Other distadvantages of too much

spreading of the main branches are, that

they will break down under the load of

the fruits in favorable seasons or by the

force of the wind or the load of snow

and that the trees will suffer more by

extreme heat 01‘ cold.



The teacher was convinced that he had

found the source of the evil complaint

and he went to work to remedy the same,

using the means of a, clever surgeon. He

cut back the outer twigs of his trees

and submitted the stem and the main

trees to a thorn—not light—scraping 0f

the bark, with a tool of his own idea.

This tool consisted of a Sharp edged tri-

angular platc of steel bolted. at its cen-

ter, flat to a wooden handle, the some-

what rounded. but also sharpened, c0r~

ners of the plate being especially useful

in cleaning tho angles between the

branches and the stem. The wounds

caused by scraping and cutting were

carefully covered with a warm mixture

of tar and pitch, or resin, or tree-wax.

as used in grafting. No painting or

coating of any kind was used upon the





 





 





[scraped bark, because he had found that





extensive manner recommended in this;





the growth of a new bark would be hind-

ered thereby. -



By this method .he succeeded in secur-

ing a grOwth of new bearing twigs on

the depleted portions of the main branches

thereby restoring the natural shape 01‘

the trees as much as possible. In some

cases, where the stem or main branches

had not become chinky, but when it was

apparent that the bark enclosed the stem

or branch so tightly that the cells could

not develop and the sap was hindered in

its circulation, he made a cut lengthwise

thru the bark, thus giving the branches

an opportunity to expand.



The result of this treatment was, that

fully developed, sound fruits would grow

and ripen and the crop increased.



He had easy work to keep his trees

almost free from parasites by using his

scraping tool and pruning knife judi-

ciously and being assisted by the insect

devouring birds, for'which he provided

breeding nests in the trees and at the

house, as well as by planting hedges.





The work of the teacher was done in

a quiet, unobtrusive way, altho his neigh-

bors shook their heads when they saw

the hacked trees. They prophesied that

the trees must die, either by the cold in

Winter or by the heat in summer, and

they called the man “treescavengcr.” ,

But nothing of the kind happened, while

the efforts of the teacher attracted the

attention of the inspector of the royal

castle, situated at the limits of the vil-

lage, and noticing the good results of the

teacher’s work, he gave permission to

treat the trees of the royal orchard, (in

which many old trees were condemned

to be cut down), according to the method

of the teacher, thereby giving him ample

opportunity to continue his experiments

on a large scale and to gain experience

about the best treatment of a variety of

fruit trees.



The work had been carried on duringi

more than a decade when the fruits of',

the royal and the teacher’s gardensfi

shown at an exhibition of farm produce}:

attracted the attention of fruit growers,

and experts in horticulture and pomology.‘

The fruits compared very favorably with

other exhibits and won easily first

prizes, While our simple teacher, the

man who had accomplished so much, was:

recognized as an expert in pmnology,l

and besides receiving the title of “pro-

fessor,” he was also tendered the posi-,

tion of “State Pomolcgist," a new office,

(-rcnted for tho purpose of promulgating

tho new method by lectures and demon-

strations thruout the state.



Attending one of the lectures dclivcrcdl

in my home town, I was persuaded of the

correctness of the professor‘s ideas and

during scvcral weeks I accompanied him

on his trips, acting as 'his assistant in

the practical d(.‘lll(lllstl‘.‘1thDS. Returning

home I went at once to work in treating

the trees in my father's garden and field,

having secured a duplicate of the pro-

fessor’s scraping tool. My father was;

somewhat skeptical about; the work of 3.!

more boy, but he had never to repent

that he had permitted me to scavenge]

his trees, a work which I undertook with

the zeal of the youth, cutting and scrap-

ing from daybreak to late evening, not~

thinking about: the time for the meals

until my mother would call me in.



I submit my cxpcricncc to the farmers of

Michigan in the cxpcctation that they

may profit by using the method as out-j

lincd above, with their old trees, of which

many have suffered from too much cut-

ting out, as have those in my own or-“

chard, whore I find main branches Six1

to eight feet long without any fruit bear-

inf.r twig. 5



I concede that judicious spraying will

be useful against parasitcs which have,

invaded the country in masses, like the





 





 





 





 





 





Sun -.losc sculc, but my cry is: cho-I

valiun of trees and proper care for the

insect dcstroying birds, which will do





I

much of the work better than can be}





accomplished by the most careful spray-i

ing. Thcsc birds Ought to be rccognizcd}

and treated us our best and most sucy

ccssful helpers in the battle, ziltlio they

will ask rccompcnsation for their help

by eating some of the fruit which they

have protected.



Van Buren ‘Co. A. H. HETTICH.



W'o often note grape vines ovcrfcdt

with nitrogen. Too much of that food

clement givcs largo growth. long inter—i

nodes and scarcely any fruit while the

plant is demanding not only all of the

space allotted to it but much of that be-

longing to its neighbor. Potash and

phosphoric acid should be added when

growth is too rampant and in extreme

cases some cereal grown that will take

from the soil some of the nitrogen.





 





"(m 233





Silence





The Instinct of mod-

esty natural to every

woman is often a

great hindrance to the

cure of worrianly dis-

eases. Women shrink

from the personal

questions of the local

physician which seem

lndelicate. The

thought of examina-

tion is abhorrent to

them, and so they

endure in silence a

condition of disease

which surely progres-

ses from bad to

vyoree.

It has been Dr.

Pierco'e privilege

to cure a great

many women who

have learns! 1: ref- ,

age for modesty In

his offer of FREE

coneultaflonby

letter. All corro- l

snondonco ls hold .‘

as sacredly oonfi- .

dential. Adds-one

Dr. R. V. Pierce,

Buffalo, N. V.





 





 





Dr. Plerce's Favorite Prescription restores

and regulates the womanly functions,

abolishes pain and builds up and puts the

finishing touch of health on every weak

woman who gives it a fair trial.





It makes

Weak Women

Strong, *

Sick Women

well.





You can’t afford to accept a SECRET.

nostrum as a substitute for this non-

alcoholic medlcine OF KNOWN COMPO-





Tcst My Seed Corn





This year I grew 10,000 bushels of corn.

For years I have been selecting for a more

Erollflc crop-tor iuil sized perfect ears. I





 





   





   

 





 

 





ept at it until I succeode . That’s Why I

grew this year’s biglorop. It is the

nest type of corn





   

 





ever saw and





 

 





I have selected the best of it for

seed. I guarantee it. I Will re-

fund your money it you do not find

it sat sfactor . Send us your or-

ders now—be ore it is all sold. An

order means a full corn crib (or

. you next fall.



My new oats and seed potatoes

are the same hi h grade. Catn-

logue free. I you are inter-

ested in fruit, I will send you a

w nice plant-tree.



W. N. SCARFF.

Dept. N . New Carlisle, Ohio.





   

   

   

   

   

 

 





 

 

   

   

 





 





See Selzer's catalog page 129.



Largest growers of seed oats. wheat. barley.

speltz. corn. potatoes. grasses and clover: and

farm seeds in the world. Big catalog free: or.

send 10° in stamps and receive sample of

Billion Dollar Grass. yielding 10 tons of bay

garners, oaLs, speltz. barley. etc... easily worth



10.00 of any man's money to get a start. and





catalog free. Or, send 14c and we add a sam-

ple farm seed novelty never seen before by yo

rue sALZIR seen 60.. LeOmoo, Winn





 





 





   

 

 





 

 

 

 





f you W0

get the largest

our ground Will ve,plant

regory’sb‘eeds. Alwayssold

under three warrants. Here's one

of the specials we offer this year :

EARLY MORN PEA 4

the earliest largest

poddcd pen own.

Quality of the best.

I SEED BOOK FREE





anyone. Write to-day.

J. J. ii. Garcon a Son.





 

   

   

   

 





   

 





 

 





 





There is

scarcely any limit to the

possible improvement in seeds,

but it takes time and money. We have

been improving flower and vegetable

Seeds for over 50 years. More than 2000

people are working to make Perry's

Seeds suit you. Buy the best—Ferry's.

For sale everywhere. ,

FERRY'S 1909 SEED ANNUAL 5

FREE ON REQUEST.

D. M. FERRY G 00., Detroit, Mbh.





SEEDS





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Q

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I

I

i

.i

’,





234’ m: ‘ '





VVVVVVYYWWVYYYYVVVVVYVV





EPOULTRYMBEES?





MAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAALA





 





 





 





 





GETTING TOP PRICES FOR EGGS.





 





I want to say a few words concerning

the marketing of those brown and White

eggs referred to by Mr. Gilbert some

time ago. There are few flocks that will

not produce eggs of both colors—brown

and white. My flock consists of pure-bred

Barred PlymOuth Rocks, and yet the eggs

are not all brown.



We use a small crate for local market-

ing which will hold twelve dozen. The

eggs are sorted, the brOWn and the white

being separated, and in packing we do

not put them into the fillers hap-hazard.

If the brown eggs predominate, we fill

the center with them, making a border

with the White, or vice versa. At other

times, we fill the fillers by alternating

the rows of white and brown. We have

many times been complimented on the

pretty effect of our packing and have

neVer had any trouble in getting just as

much for the white as for the brown. No

distinction has ever been made.



But, to secure top prices, one thing

is essential: No matter what the color,

the eggs must be clean. Soiled and filthy

eggs do not look very tempting to a pur-

chaser. We have speculated a little at

times in buying both butter and eggs,

and sometimes the condition of things

was not such as to tempt one‘s appetite.



No matter what we put on the market

——be it eggs, butter or other food products

—-it must be neat and attractive to secure

the top price.



Oceana Co.



-——§§————_

EXPERIENCE WITH DUCKS—COSTLY

AND OTHERWISE.





J ENNIE M. WILLSON.





 





Some years ago I made a start in the

duck business with a sitting of eggs

placed under an ordinary hen, every one

of which was fertile. “'hen the first one.

pipped the shell she became so excited

that she crushed him to death. The

others hatched. I fed them the same as

I did my chickens, a mixture of corn

meal and middlings. In a day or two

I let the hen out with them. Near the

house was the outlet of the surplus water

from the house. They went into this

literally like ducks. I enjoyed seeing

them play and they paddled as long as

they wanted to. “’hen they catne out

their down was soaked. As soon as the

air struck them they began to shiver.

In a few moments they tumbled over

backward and two of them died before I

could gather them up to warm them.



Here I learned my first lesson —never

to let young ducks have unlimited access

to water until they have developed some

feathers that will turn water. A very

warm day and very warm water might

prove an exception, but I would not risk

them even then.



I built a pen of 12—inch boards and put

lien and ducks into this. One disappeared

the first day. No trace could be found.

The second day the old cat went with me

to feed them. She was very mcek but I

turned around just in time, to see her

reach one dainty white paw over the

board and ‘hook up a duckling so quickly

and quietly that the hen never noticed

it. I remembered then that the cat had

sniffed the air vcry earnestly when I had

the wet ducklings in the kip-hon, She

never meddlcd with chickens or turkeys.

Here was where I Icarncd to beware of

cats. They are as fond of young ducks

as of mice.



A little later one disappeared at night.

I laid it to the cat and shut them in a

box closed too tight for a cat to get in.

One disappcarcd just the same. Then I

I knew that I must look out for rats.



I had four left and tin-y grew to be as

large as doves and were becoming fledged

when they began to have tits after cat—

ing. I lost another one licfm'c I learned

that I was feeding too concentrated food

and not enough gravel. i made the feed

half vegetables or clover and kept gravel

in the water pans and this enabled me

to raise the last three.



Better Success the Next Season.





The next season I raised SO—nearly all

I hatched. I hatched thcm with hens,

took them away as soon as dry, yarded

them in pens built of 12—foot boards, 12

inches wide, making the pens 12 feet

square. Two pens held them while small.

Later I had four pens. These were on

grass and were moved as often as grass

became foul. They had water to drink

in pans with gravel in the bottom, and

were fed at first three times a day later





 





. THE ‘MICHIGAN fiA‘RME‘R. -





twice a day—on a mash of 2 parts bran,

1 part corn meal and 2 parts potatoes,

clover or'turnip tops, with a teaspoonful

of salt for the whole quantity. Nights I

put them in baskets and set them in a

cat and rat proof place. When half

grown I allowed them to go to the brook

for a swim in the afternoon on sunny

days. They grew well, were healthy and

gave very little trouble. The land on

which I penned them cut grass as high

as a man’s waist for several years after.

The corn ration was increased toward

killing tme and they were killed as soon

as their feathers were ripe, when they

dressed off smooth and fine. If kept

longer they soon become pin-feathery

and lose weight. ‘

Vermont. H. L. HUNT.





 





WHY LEGHORNS ARE POPULAR.





 





Time is too valuable to waste on scrub

poultry when‘good thorobred stock can

be obtained as cheaply. Eggs from some

reliable poultry raiser will furnish a start

for a good flock. Poultry is bound to

pay on the farm anyway, but why not

make it pay better?



There is no question bu the Brown

Leghorn is one of the best laying breeds.

Thats their business. No one would evei





 





Buff LeghormHen—A State Fair Winner.





think of calling the-m good sitters as a

class, but the up—to-date poultry raiser

doesn’t expect to have his hens take two

months right out of their busy season

for the purpose of bringing a few chicks

just to the stage Where they make‘good

hawk din'ners. An incubator properly

managed will hatch enough chickens for

the hawks and still have plenty left.



Leghorns do not succumb to lice so

quickly because of their more active

habits. They will not readily take on

too much fat, as do some of the larger

breeds. That is one great trouble with

any large breed of poultry on a farm.

Nearly every farmer is feeding corn to

hogs most of the time and the hens are

always there. As a natural result “they

get too fat to lay. The Lcu'horn may

have access to corn at all times but fowls

of this breed take sufiicient exercise to

keep in good condition. By this I do not

mean that they should be fed corn en-

tirely because they do much better when

fed part wheat. 0f the rose and single

comb varieties I prefer the rose, as the

combs will not frost so easily.



Since I have had an incubator I have

had one hatch, about April 1 each year,

of Leghorns. These early puilets begin

laying about September 1 and lay all

winter. The cockcrils are crated and

shipped, in July, to a reliable commission

merchant and bring what they happen to

be worth at the time, possibly 15c per lb.

If you dont want to try an incubator,

keep a dozen good old mothers of some

other breed.





Barry Co. K. T.





 





POSSIBILITIES IN SQUAB RAISING.





 





In many parts of the east the raising

of squabs for market is quite a profitable

industry. The idea does not appeal

strongly to the lover of animals, for the

domestic little creatures make such at-

tractive pets and the taking of their

young in this wholesale manner seems

a slaughter of the innocents, but from

a commercial point of view it is quite

alluring. After the expenditure of $2

or $3 for a pair of well-bred birds, the

arrangement of a suitable shelter for

them, and the precaution taken of pro-

viding a well screened yard, within a

year the parent birds. provided they had

attained the, mature age 'of eight months

when obtained, will have welcomed

within their nest from 16 to 20 young, in

broods of two at a time, and before the

second year has gone they will have

become great grand—parents to the third

and fourth generations. Considering





I





that the breeding period goes on for

ten years, it is not hard to reckon that

an investment of less than $5, plus an

expenditure for wheat, corn and oyster

shells, it is possible to ship to the market

annually 200 squabs commanding a.

wholesale price somewhere in the neigh-

borhood of 500 per pair.



The cost of feeding a squab is very

small, for besides being the most'proliflc

breeders known~ to natural scientists. the

mother pigeon is so intensely maternal

that she nourishes her young herself, in-

jecting by means of her bill, a fluid into

the bill of the young birds. This peculiar

process of feeding continues until the

baby bird is between three and four

weeks old, and when it ceases the young

one has been pushed from the nest by its

parents, who think it high time the fledg-

ling was taking care of itself. .Then

the squab age has passed and the life

of the young pigeon has begun.



One law of nature which pigeons share

in common with other winged creatures

is that the eggs laid by one bird cannot

be placed under another mother for

hatching and have success attend the

issue, for by a strange provision of na-

ture the mother bird is ready to feed her

baby only after a certain length of time

from the date of laying her eggs, and, ii-

eggs are placed under a bird whose own

eggs were laid earlier or later than the

adopted eggs, the food will not be right

and the hatched birds will starve to

death.



New Jersey. C. A. UMOSELLE.

TREATING QUEENLESS AND WEAK

COLONIES—OTHER TiMELY

QUESTIONS.





 





I have closely followed your bee depart-

ment and have received much benefit

from it. Am making bees a side line and

have succeeded fairly well with my little

apiary of seven swarms which I have

caught and hot in the last two years.



\Vhat should I do in case I find a colony

Without a queen in the spring? Can I

supply brood from another colony and

thus put them in condition to grow a

queen? I am inclined to believe my

queens are quite old, some must be three

years old, and maybe more, and are liable

to come up missing.



'How can I increase the size of my col-

onies, they being only about two—thirds

as large as an expert bee man's? I be—

lieve the largest swarm I had last year

was about the size of a half bushel. Can

I, after hiving the first swarm of the

season, put the second swarm with the

first by smoking them quite hard, and

return the queen to the hive from which

it came?



All hives I have have bottom boards

fastened to them. Is this best or merely

a notion, and is it better to set the feeder

over the hive or under?



Can I, after the honey flow of the sea-

son is about over, (that is, after White

Clover honey is about in), give the bees

a new super containing boxes filled with

foundation and by feeding them have the

bees draw the comb and partly fill it:

then let them take the honey and feed

from the cap to the brood chamber for

winter; then remove super and store

carefully until needed in spring when, as





first honey flow starts, let them fill and.

cap, thus saving the bees time and honev.





in time of a rush, or is such a project

nonsense?





Hillsdale Co. SUBSCRIBER.





A queenless colony, in the spring, if

looked at from a financial standpoint for

the coming honey crop, should be pro-

vided With another queen in the quickest





 





S. C. White Leghorn Cock.





possible way by sending to some reliable

southern queen breeder. For 75 cents or

one dollar, a good, young, untested queen

can be bot, which should come to you

by return mail. This queen can

then be introduced into the queenless

colony and in a short time will begin

laying, thus supplying drone bees to

carry on the work of the colony before

all the old ones on hand have died off.

A queenless colony can be successfully

requeened by being given a frame of





u





Pimpl‘os

Gannoi Live





:When The Blood is Purified With

Stuart’s Calcium Wafers.





 





 





Trial Package Sent Free.



Pimples, blotches, eruptions, etc.,

simply disappear like magic when you

shut off the supply of impurities which

cause them.



Stuart’s Calcium Wafers go into the

blood thru the same channel as food.

They stimulate and nourish it. They

destroy foreign and unnatural bodies

found there and remove all impurities

very quickly.



In many cases pimples and eruptions

disappear from the skin in five days.



These little wafers are so strong that

inmmediately after they go into the

blood their beneficial effects make

themselves known. The blood is

cleansed rapidly and thoroly, the im-

pure is separated from the‘pure blood

and the waste matter and poisons are

carried from the system.



The person who suffers the humilia-

tion of pimples, blotches and eruptions

should know and feel that the blood is

in bad condition and delay is quite

dangerous, and is liable to affect many

organs quite seriously.



Purify your blood and you give na-

ture the means to successfully fight all

manner of disease. Calcium Sulphide is

one of the ingredients from which

Stuart’s Calcium Wafers are made, and

it is the strongest and most powerful

blood invigorator known to science.

This wonderful purifier is endorsed by

the entire medical profession and is

generally used in all doctor’s prescrip-

tions for the blood and skin. '



Stuart’s Calcium Wafers peculiarly

preserve the strength of Calcium Sul-

phide better, than other methods—thus

giving the most rapid cures owing to

the purity .of the ingredients and their

freedom from decay, evaporation and

chemical weakness caused by many lat—

ter day modes of preparation. Stuart's

Calcium V'afers are sold by every

druggist. Price 50c, or send us your

name and address and we will send

you a trial package by mail free. Ad-

dress F. . Stuart, 175 Stuart Bldg,

Marshall, Mich.





 





 





 

 





I

is our new





 

 

 





 

 





 

 





 





 





book for the 5“”; ‘



use of poultry rais- ,Tylm'fi:



' ' “ “‘3 Inn “'1'

ers. Keep account of M:

“‘5





 





 

 





 





 





your eggs, chicks and f

profits. 011 r D iary ).

shows how and also tells about our new .

Incubators. It tells why our prices are

so low. The Diary is free. Better write for

it today. Tell us if you are thinking of buy-

ing an Incubator and what. size you want.

We pay freight. Geo. Ertel Co.. Quincy, Ill.





.55 Buy,

the Best





14o-Egg'





Incubator ovor Made

Freight Prepaid

Double cases all over- best

copper tank: nurse ,self—regu‘

iating. Best liO—chlc hot-water

Broader, $4.50. Ordered together 011.60. Sou-lootin-

uoromood. No machines at any price are better.

rite for book today or send price and save waiting.

loll. OM Incubator co. Box 14 R-olno WI .





» f





   

 

 

 

 





 





   





 

   

   

 





 

 





 

 





 





   





Here’s a Low Price!





We sell our MO-Egg Incu-

bator forlees than $1 . Write

and see how much Jess.

Other sizes Incubators and

Breeders just: as low in price.

Why pay double our prices

for machines not. so 00d?

Get. our Free Book— earn

how to rnisev‘poultry and run

Incubators. rite today—now.





125 Egg incubator

and Broader 1“"





 

 





for our





Free Book





on INGUBATORS





 

 





 





 





   





It ordered together w

send both for 010 o ‘

mad 11mg paiy freight. Well

c, to we er c k

double walls, doubleogfigs tiaé'érg.’

Free catalog describes them.

Wisconsin Incubator 00..

Box 89. Racine. Win.





   





 





 

 





l

r ,





 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





’_—__—.~





;CHICK SAVING COOP





,‘ 3 \w‘“ "a h'ck warm and dr and

, Khsaficteii’efnlirosm Run Vlo-zolo

A WA i, Lloo and Milo. in the all metal

Soulful-y Brood Goo . Exclu-

sivc pattern, made on]! by us.

,i Adds 100% to profits. nocks off

A, o from cost of poultry raisin .

, Easily taken apart and‘ storcg.

Send for Free Circular and prices.





 





 





partly uncapped brood, but it takes time pawl-emu: a... 255m": St..DcsMoinu,Iown





i.





 





‘Y





 





atmm-‘ ~ .





sesame ._ ;
‘Y





 





'. starts—M ..





 





 





-. FEB. '27,. 1909.





F lily cents a Mlllllh





A small bottle of Scott’s

Emulsion costing fifty cents will

last a baby a month—a few drops

in its bottle each time it is fed.

. That’s a small outlay for so large

a return. of health and comfort.





Babies that are given





Sooll’s Emulsion





quickly respond to its helpful

action. It seems to contain Just

the elements of nourishment a

baby needs most. ‘

Ordinary food frequent] lacks

this nourishment; . cott s

Emulsion always supplies it.



eth with ’ r

mmmwwo. mums.

cents to cover postage. and we will send you a

“Complete Handy Atlas of the World" :: ::

SCOTT 6‘: BOWNE. 409 Pearl Street. New York





 





 

 





 

 





7/, (”fit

{7 " H‘

r ,‘ a r .77





s





 





Sure service-alwaya'rcady—never fail-mover get tired

--cott no more than a good horse and buggy-cont far

less to keep—sure-zoern over





.Any Kind of Roads





Speed up to I!) miles an hour. Simple. durable, guaran-

teed mechanical construction. Solid tires—no tire troubles

or repair expense. A woman or child can drive them.

Farmers of high standing may secure appointment as

agents. Twenty models to choose from. Complete line.

Write for free catalog No. 78. illustrated and descriptive.

VI. H. McINTYRE COIPANY. Auburn. Indiana

:56 Broadway. New York. 1730 Grand Arm. Kansas- City.





$33 4....





Pacific Coast





Are you going to the Pacific Coast 2



Do you want to save money ‘1



Do you want to be extra comfortable on

the trip at noextra cost?



Would you like to have a first-rate, good

natured conductor look after thing‘s for

you—free 2



Just write today and let us hell you about

our special parties to California. Washing-

ton and Oregon. which the best people

have patronized for the past 80 years.



A postal card will do.





Judson (20., 443 Marquette slog. Chicago

Send Us a Postal for a Pm





Just your name and address on 1‘ ‘ “““"" -1

a postal brings prices on all sizes .- _

oI celebrated »

Racine Incubators

and Broader- -~ guaranteed to

hatch highest percentage of eggs

{41):};an Free Trial Plan. Best

nc tor Proposition on the mar-

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matterand prices at once. Address “y 0' Racnne





Racine Hotelier Company. Box 54, Raeiuo.Wia.





   

   

   

   





 





 





 





e





 

 





rum ck '

fro-gt.“





 

 





 





cost For chick





That is what we guarantee on

can do with the ' y





. Invmclblo Hatcher-



~ it And it it don’t produce more strong, healthy



ch eksthnn unyoth er in enhator, regardless of price ,



send it hock. 50-!33 Size Only 34.00. Same low



Ween on larger Butchers, B era and Supplies.

rite for mil-page FREE catalogue.



The Unltod Footer-ice c... copuxzz. Cleveland. 0.





 





THE MICHIGAN FAIRMER.





for the bees 'to go on, draw out queen

cells and hatch them.‘ And then, worst

of all, real early in the spring there are

very few drones in the apiary and the

successful mating of these early queens

is a game of chance. You may not get

a laying queen after all your time and

trouble. If you do get one she is apt to

have so few bees left alive in the hive

to attend her that it is very seldom a

colony so treated ever build up strong

enough to make any surplus honey, at

least not before the fall flow of dark

honey arrives. Thus we have lost all the

clover and basswood which we might

have had if we had provided them with

a laying queen just as soon as we found

they were queenless. Excepting where

it is desired to keep‘a, queen for a breeder

of more queens, do not let her get over

two years old, and some of the most suc—

cessful bee-keepers I know requcen every

one Of their colonies in July or August

of each year.



Increasing the Strength of Colonies.



You can increase the size of your col-

onies in many different ways. First, be

sure that your hives are no smaller than

an eight—frame Langstroth, and see that

you have very little drone comb in the

six inside frames. Be sure to introduce

new blood into your apiary each year,

that is, buy a few queens of a good re-

liable queen breeder. Be sure each colony

has a prolific queen. There is just as

much difference in different colonies of

bees producing honey as there is in cows

producing milk. Then last, but not least,

feed early in the spring——not too much

but constantly until the flowers come,

and thereby breed them up so as to have

lots of bees in the hive. See that there

are no cracks in the hive where the cold

can get in and the heat get out. Hatch-

ing bees is similar to hatching chickens.

A uniform heat must be maintained or

the end of the period will bring disap-

pointment.



Yes, you can put four swarms together

if you want to, but if two or three days

elapse between the time you hive your

first swarm and when you wish to put

your second swarm with them, you are

very apt to see a good lively scrap if you

simply catch the queen and shake the

swarm in front of N0. 1, with the result

that part of the bees in both swarms will

be killed and nearly all of swarm N0. 2

will return to the parent colony. It is

much better to place a thickness of news-

papers over the frames of N0. 1 and set

on a hive body containing two or three

brood frames on one side. Then shake

swarm No. 2 into this upper hive body

and put on the cover quickly. By the

time they gnaw thru the paper between

the two swarms they will smell too nearly

alike to quarrel much, and if there is a

good honey flow on, both queens may go

on and lay for some time. However, the

fittest of the two will survive eventually

and the other will come up missing.

Then you may go back to the parent

colony and cut out all queen cells but one,

which should be left to provide them

with a queen and, to make sure that

they get one, look in the hive at the end

of a week’s time after you have removed

the queen cells, and see if there is any

uncapped worker brood. If there is not

you have another case of queenless col-

ony to attend to.



Detachable Bottom-Boards Considered



Preferable.



Hives with bottoms nailed on are very

unhandy. I would not advise anyone

to use them. I always remove such bot-





 





 





Get An Insurablef‘





Incubator or None .





Now that the Fire Insurance Com-

panies have laid down Rules you are

not safe in bu ing any incubator

that does not ear the Insurance

label. Our Free 212-Pnge Book

m‘ams' “'°.'.'.'¥"..'°a'o‘2l'.1§°.zv surruo u v



YP-HERS "000 0 . . .

0 Mesa; New York Cit ; Chicago, 111.; 'Kanaaa



City.Mo.; Oak and, Col.





 





 





....,.,,,,,.. mount:





and Alum for 1900 contains 220 pages, with

many fine colored plates of fowl: true to life.

It tells all about chickens, their care, diseases

and remedies. All about Incubators and how to





 





 





 

 

 

 





 





     





 





 





operate them. All about poultry houses and

autonomous, 30’) 5941151003131“

«Ho-Wand ./I““'



/

mun-tore some big ‘ 1 '

Well -built, reliable, practical—

noorme "W W- "a"



mu m CA moon

#





howto build them. It's really an encyclopaedia

I

Hatch Chlckens by

“ Excelsior“ :

thousands in use. Catalogue tree.

"to: Iron a Steel Roofing (:0. “m“ "





of chickondom. You need it. Price only “ct;

Stea 5““ '”"°°“'

hatches.

\

Gilli. flllll. Bursa II lluuerJu. ,

“LII. coco.





: hive.

‘bv the use of two small blocks, one at

cnch end, which may be shoved up so as





toms with a sharp, thin cold chisel, cut-

ting the nails which hold the bottom

‘ ward to the hive body. Then, after get-

”we" the” bottom loose, I tack a 73—inch

frame cm it just the right size for two

sides and one end of the hive body to

1w“ upon, leaving an entrance 74-inch

wide clear across the other end of the

This entrance may be' contracted





to make the entrance the size best suited

to the needs of the colony or the weather,

The smaller the colony and the colder the

weather the smaller should be the en-

trance, and vice versa.



I prcfci' feeding from below at night,

with warm sugar and water, equal parts.

Thir lots the heat and smell of the syrup

go up to the bees above and causes them

to take it up more readily; but be sure

not to rig up something that will drown

half of the colony, as I did once to my

sorrow. I should not try feeding to make

the bees draw out combs. It costs too

much and is unpractical. Feed in the

spring to raise more bees and in the fall

let what you feed go direct into brood

frames for winter stores. ‘



Jackson Co. L. D. HUFFMAN.





IN ANSWER TO INQUIRIES.





 





I would like a little advice about mov—

ing bees. I have 10 colonies to move a

distance of five miles. They are packed

in chaff‘ in a large box made of inch

lumber. Would it do to load the box on

a sleigh and thus move them in cold

weather, or would it be better to unpack

the hives and move them on a wagon in

warm weather.



Grand Traverse C0. K. S.





Since the colonies are packed as they

are it will be far less trouble to move

them now rather than wait for warm

weather. It will also be entirely safe, as

the absence of protracted cold spells this

winter has made it possible for bees to

take frequent cleansing flights. They

should therefore be in condition to move

at almost any time, altho the trip should

not be begun in the middle of a mild day

unless the precaution of closing the hive

entrance with netting, or a loose fitting

block, was taken the previous evening.

The best time would probably be shortly

after a day on which they have enjoyed

a good flight. If the colony is populous

the combs will be sufficiently warmed

by the bees to be safe from breaking

with ordinary careful handling on a cold

day. On such a day the entrances may

be almost entirely closed.



Some consider it quite advisable to

move bees, where moving is necessary

during cold weather, and so it is if the

conditions are good. However, in a long

protracted Winter, when the bees have

no occasion for flight during a number of

weeks, their intestines may become load-

ed with excrement which they must dis-

charge in the open air. If a long dis-

turbance is caused, many of them will

find thcmselves compelled to unload their

bowels within the hive, and the result

will be disastrous. Yet, if the food has

been good well-ripened clover honey

or some equivalent, there may be no

such danger, as good food will not over~

load their intestines to a damaging ex-

tent, unless several months of extreme

cold weather have passed without a

flight.





THE BLACK JAVAS.





 





 





I would like to know how the Black

Java fowls compare with other brccds

as a general purpose fowl and for wintci‘

laying? Vthrc can a cockcrel of this

breed be procured at a reasonable price?



Antrim CO. W. II. VVELCH.





While not raised extensively at present.

the newer breeds having apparently sup-

planted it in popularity, this breed of

One time ranked high among the practical

profit-making breeds or varieties of

poultry. It is the oldest of the brccds

includcd in the so-culled American class

and the fact that it is SO Classified means

that it is considered a gencral purpose

breed. In size the Black Java corres-

ponds closcl)’ to the Plymouth Rock,

altho diffcring from it somcwhat in gen-

eral symmetry 21nd appearance. In fact,

the blood of thc Java was used quite

frccly in dcvcloping the breed now known

as the Plymouth Rock. The Juvas are

considered good winter layers, while as

producers of market poultry they arc

also very satisfactory. The standard

wcig'ht ful‘ tlw cock is 91/: lbs. and for





 





(23) 235 '





PBDTEGTIDN *





is something we all need at one time

or another.



There was a time when, in order, to

secure protection properly, it became

necessary for someone to be on guard

all of the time.



In a. certain sense this day has

passed; it. is true that valuables are

not really safe when left lying around

the house, not so much for fear of

some robber band raiding the neigh-

borhood, but on acoount of fire,

sneak-thieves, and other forms of

loss.



Then again, we have the conven—

ience of Safety Deposit Vaults, which

guard and protect your papers in the

safest place obtainable.



The Simon J. Murphy Company,

owning and operating the Penobscot

Vaults, are the originators of the

system of Safe Deposit by Mail, and

the success they have met with is

proof beyond question of the reliabil-

ity of the methods used by them.



Drop US a line for free booklet and

full particulars.





PENOBSOOT SAFE DEPO‘IT VAULTS.





‘ 5. J. Murphy 00.. Detroit. Mich-





I106 POULTRY ’_ sum mom





 





 

 





   





'3 50, $ .25. 2. 5. t0-



"Mad. of Hoary Boiler Itool 1-0 In. Thick"

80 strong no beast or animal can break or injure.sub—

smntlslly riveted, clean and sanitary. Guaranteed

to last a. lifetime. No expense for repairs.

Poujtry and pig trough—$1 .50 each or 5 for

$7.00, we pug the freight.- 1101I aud sheep

tron H2. and $2.75 eae , we pay

frelg t on 3 or more. You can not. afford tomiss

this great bu. sin. erte for free descriptive

clrculur. . 0N SUPPLY COMPANY



—n. i. .583 Fulton Street. Chicago. Illinois.





RED BABIE 4...... “W M-



15c. '15 per 100' Prize

winners Chicago. Cleveland, Indianapolis, Detroit.

Barred Rock. Black Mlnorcn. Leghorn chicks me,





310 er 100. Prompt, safe delivery.

ED [N R. CORNISH. Edwardsburc. Mich.





Michigan lost \Ihilt and Golden Wyandofltt.

Barred Rocks, Rhode Island Reds, Bose and Single

Comb White,Brown, BuflLeghorns, B. B..Humbum.

Bronze. White end But! Turkey Toms. ".00 etch.

Toulouse. Embden, Gray African. Brown And

White China Geese. All varieties of ducks.



1!. J. HASKINS. Pin-ford. Mich.





~Eggs for batch-





Barred Pl mouth Iloclts l... m... 1. for

81:26 for 81 60; for 82.50: .4 per hundred. Satisfac-





 





 





 





 





 





the hen 71,4. lbs.



As to whom brooding stock of this

variety can I)». sccm-cd we have no iii-l

formation further than that furnished by;

our advertising columns. ‘





 





l

l





A PAYING FLOCK.





 





I am scnding a report of my poultry

operations for 1908. The average number

of hcns kcpt during the year was 124,

and the numbcr of cggs sccurcd, 0.878.





Average pt'iCc t'cccivcd for eggs was

17% c pcr (107:. Number of cgggs uscd for

sitting, 101; numbci' of (‘lllClx’UllS lintcliwL,

154; numbct' of chickens I'uiscd, 1271.?

Amount l‘eulizcd from sales of chickens,





young and Old, $39.83; from sales of cggs,’

$140.21, a total of $180.04. I also kept.

12 old turkeys from which I secured 190:

eggs for hatching. From these there!

Wcrc hatched 150 young,r turkeys, 106 of,i

which wcre miscd and sold, the amount;

realized bcing $218.88, thus making the;

gross returns from the poultry yard for

the year aggregate $398.92. I. E. W.





FREE TO FARMERS.





 





lion guaranteed. Colon C. Lillie, Coopersvllle. Mich.

ABBED PLYMOUTH ROCK 6t White Wynn





dotte Cockerels for sale at reasonable prices.

E. D. BISHOP, Route 38. Lake Odessa. Mich.





E G G S—M. B. Turkey, Pekln Duck. Bar.

Rock. Also M. B. Turkey Toms.



HUPP FARM. Birminaham. Mich.



' f A. i l in stock

Whit Mandolin Bockorols 03?. tewuleftg. mm

each. A. Frsnklin Smith, Ann Arbor. Mich” H.133.

' —Eggs for batch.

White Wyandottes mg, PM. ,5 .0.

.1; 26 for $1.50: 50 for 82.50: 04 per hundred. Satisfac-

tion guaranteed. Colon C. Lillie, Coopersville. Mich.





UFF ROCK OOCKERELS—Healthy, handsome:

Farm raised. Good size and color. Price 31 up,

WILLIS S. MEADE. R. No. 3. Holly. Mich.





—E l h t -

SINGLE 00MB IlllllE tElillOllNS ing?‘§.l%2.1%i§.

01: 26 for .150: 50 for 02.60; 04 per hundred. Satisfac-

tion guaranteed. Colon C. Llltle. Coopersville, Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





SILVER Golden end White Wyendottes. A nice

9 lot of good cockerels still left. Satisfac-

tlon Guaranteed. C. W. Browning, Portland. Mich.





Single Gosh Black linoroa Cultural: {2;",§;-o,;

pullets also. R. W. MILLS. Selina, Mich.

URI White Holland Turkeys—healthy farm





mood. Kind that stay at home. Prices right.

In. Mu Whitbeck. “Two Pines," Montague. Mich.





 





 





DOGS.





 





By special arrangcmcnt Ratekin’s big.





1909 seed catalog, with a sample of “Din-y Fox AND WOLF HOUNDS





mond Joe’s Big White" seed corn that

made 153 bushels per acre, will be mailed

free to all readers of this paper who are

interested in the crops they grow. This





of the best English strains in Amen.

ca; 40 years experience in breeding

these fine bounds for my own sport.

I nowsrgfir them :01- sale.



damp or We.

1'. I. IIIIIIPE‘I’II, Sibley. “the. 30.. lo.





 





big book tells how to make the farm and|

garden pay.





plant or sow. Write for it and mentionl vice.





It’s worth dollars to all whol COLLIE57£TH,P“333 g; "Mae:





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this paper. The address is Ratekin's Seed ml: the ‘dvuuger. when writing a.“ you





House, Shenandoah, Ia.

i





now their all. in the Iiehinu Former.
.,;...a._. 1. ans... w...





scum-rm‘MEW—3adSu-L—q .,......‘.,. . . ._:





 





236 . (:4)





WWW





 





QMWi -





'DETROIT WHOLESALE MARKETS.

— February 24, 1909.

Grain and Seeds.





Wheat.—The wheat market is active

and higher. The home situation is fav-_

orable to higher values, .but the chief

strength that gave the bulls courage to

lift prices. was from Europe where, in

spite of the heavy shipments, prices are

advancing. The crop of India promises

to be_ almost a failure and the exports

from' Argentine are about to the end of

the heavy deliveries which causes the

exporters to take, everything they can

get hold of. The political disturbance

in Europe is, also, credited With adding

firmness to the market. All the leading

markets of the northwest show bullish

tendencies. One year ago the price paid

for No. 2 red wheat was 99c. Quota-

tions for the past week are:



No. 2 No.1 No.3 ,



Red. White. Red. May. July.

Thur. ....1.18% 1.18. 1.15% 1.17 1.03%



Fri. ......1.18% 1.18 1.15% 1.17% 1.0..

Sat. ......1.22 1.22 1.19 1.19% 1.04%

1143;. '.'....1.2 1.22 1.19 1.19% 1.041;2



Wed. .....1.22% 1.22% 1.19% 1.21 1.06

o .—The corn market has followed

thfaz {trend of the wheat trade and prices

are advanced with firmness prevailing

at the improved figures. _The weather

has been largely responSible- for the

strength since the roads in the corn belt

are poor, thus preventing the farmers

from getting their corn to the local ele—

vators. The improved condition of the

wheat deal, also, lent much support to

this part of the grain busmess. ‘ The de-

mand continues good but limited over

former years because of the high prices.

The selling prICe for No. 3 corn a year

ago was 58%c. Quotations are:





No. 3



No. 3 Yellow.

Thursday . . . . ............ 65% 66%

Friday ............. 65% 66:54,

Saturday . . ............... 66% 67 A,



onda . . ................ . . . .



1’il‘lluesdasy ................. . 661/4, 671.1%

Wednesday ............... 66% 611,4,





Oats—Market is firm with prices on

about last week's level. The advance in

wheat and corn did not improve prices

for oats. The news of the week gives

the trade a firmer tone. Stores are

shorter by considerable than usual at

this season and holdings by farmers are

far less than in the average year—the

Illinois crop report giving the amount in

farmer’s hands as 15 per cent less than

what they held at this time a year ago.

At this date in 1908 No. 3 white oats

were selling at 541/20. Quotations for

the past week are:





No. 3 White.



..... 55%

Thursday ...................

Friday ............... . . . . . . ...... 55gl/z

Saturday .........................

Monday . . ..... . .................. . .

Tuesday . . . ....................... 35):?

Wednesday ....................... ,2





eans.——The same situation faces the

hugers of beans as prevailed last week,

After advancing bids they are unable to

make contracts. The price has gone up

about 5c during the week but the sales

are small and few at the better figures.

Holders appear to be confident that the

supply is short. Quotations for the week





are: Cash. " 151340

Th r.l ......... ..........$2.35 2.



Frilcllaq; ay ................... . . 2.40 2.45

Saturday ............. . . . . . .. 2.40 2.45

Monday ...................

Tuesday . . . ............... 2.40 2.45

\Vednesday ................. 2.40 2.40





Cloverseed.—The farmers who are com-

pelled to buy seed for seeding purposes

are delighted to see prices keep down.

During the past week trading was done

at quotations 15 cents below those quoted

the week before. The trade is quieter.

. ' re the ruling prices:

Followmg 8. Prime Spot. Mar. Alsike.





Th rsda .. ....... $5.40 $5.40 $7.50

Frilcllay .y. .......... 5.40 5.40 7.50

Saturday ....... . . . 5.35 5.35 7.75

Monday ..............

Tuesday .......... 5.35 5.35 7.75

\Vcdnesday . . . . . .. 5.3a 5.3:) 7.75





Rye.—In good demand at 3, 1c advance.

Quotation for cash No. 2 is 810.

Visible Supply of Grain.



This week. Last week.





’h ...... ‘ . . . 39,968,000 41,472,000

Eoriat . . . . ............. 6,464,000 6,565,000

Oats .. ............... 9,361.000 9,507,000

Rye . . . ............... 675,000 _ 786,000

Barley 3,503,000 3,911,000





Flour, Feed, Provisions, Etc.

Flown—Prices advanced for all grades.

Quotations a‘he as follows:





Straight ............................. 5.65

Patent Michigan .......... 6.10

Ordinary Patent ..................... 5.75





Hay and Straw.-Prices unchanged.

Carlot prices on track are: No. 1 timothy,

new, $10.50@11; No. 2 timothy, 39.506010;

clover, mixed, $9@10; rye straw, $7607.50;

wheat and oat straw, $6@6.50 per ton.



Feed—Prices are higher for most feeds.

Bran, $28 per ton; coarse middlings, $29;

fine middlings,, $31: cracked corn and

coarse corn meal, $27@28; corn and oat

chop, $25.



Potatoes.—-While there was an easier

feeling in the potato market early this

week the general attitude of the trade is

firmness! Good stock is quoted at 85@900

per bu.



Oils.—Linseed in barrels, 56c per gal;

boiled, 57c; lard oil, extra winter strain-

ed, 83c; extra No. 1, 60c; No. 1, 56c; No.

2, 54c; headlight kerosene, 9c; turpen-

tine by the bbl., 461/20 per gal.



Provisions.—Family pork, $17.25@17.75;

mess pork, $16.50: light short clear, $18.25:

heavy short clear, $18.25; pure lard in





, ~ "Kl”WL-m-‘anwa—g—Wu-mxw.u~~..nua.._¢. .m...4.. . .





i





THE MICHIGAN .FARMER.





tierces, 1094c; kettle rendered'lard, 11610;

bacon, 130; shoulders, 8%0; smoked hams,

11@11%c;'picnic hams, 8c. , '

'Hides.—‘No. 1 green, ~90; No. 2 green,

8c: No. '1 cured, 110; No, 2 cured.

10c; N0. 1 green kip," 11c; ‘No. 2 «green

kip, 9%0; No. 1 cured calf, 16c;- No. 2

cured calf, 14%c; No. 1 horsehides, $3.25;

No. 2, $2.25; sheepskins, as 'to wool,

lambs, 50c@$1.50. ' *-

Dalry and Food Products.





Butter.—There has been no changes in





the butter situation and valuesare about

as they Were a week ago. Quotations:

Extra creamery, 30c; firsts, 280; packing

stock, 18c;"dair’y 200.



E gs.'—The egg trade has been on the

decl he the past week, the price being 70

lower than it was as many days ago.

Receipts from the southwest and from

Michigan have increased heavily. Fresh

stock is quoted at '22%c per dozen.



Poultry.—Receipts were more liberal

the past few days and values are lower.

Dealers are expecting that supplies will

keep on increasing. Quotations: Dressed

chickens, ]5@15%c; fowls, 146314550:

ducks, 13@16c; geese, 13@13%c; turkeys,

2061322c. Live—Spring chickens, 14c;

fowls, 13@13%c; ducks, 14@14%c; geese.

11@12c; turkeys, 19@20c per lb.



Cheese.—Miohig‘an, old, 15c; do. new,

15%@16%c; brick cream, 16%@17c;

schweitzer, 18c; limburger, 160 per lb.



- Fruits and Vegetables.



Apples.—Market firm. Best grades are

quoted at $4.75@6 per bbl. Western

apples in bushel boxes, $2.25@3.25,



Onlons.—Spanish, $1.90 per bu; “home-

grown at 800 per bu. .



Cabbage.—Home-grouin selling at 3o

per lb. \



Vegetables.—Green onions, 15c per doz;

radishes, 30c per doz; cucumbers, $2.25@

2.50 per bu; lettuce, 160 per lb; head let-

tuce, $3 per hamper; beets, 45c;,ftur-

nips, 40c; carrots, 50c; watercress, 40c;

per doz; celery, 3560400; spinach, $1 per

bu; parsnips, 600 per bu.





OTHER MARKETS.





Grand Rapids.





No special change is noted in the potato

situation, tho as the spring draws near

there is talk to the effect that the storage

stock is pretty well exhausted. ,It is

hard to get at the true situation in this

matter. Prices up state range from 6560

75c, and it is still believed by many that

the supply held in storage is large. Mich-

igan apples are practically exhausted and

dealers are quoting York State stock at

$5606 per bbl. Wheat continues to soar

and most other grains are higher this

week. Eggs haVe slumped and are sure

to go lower unless the weather turns

extremely cold. Dressed hogs are of!

%c. Cabbage is high, being sold whole-

sale at 3c per head. Glass farmers are

doing well with lettuce and radishes this

winter.



Quotations follow:



Grains—\Vheat, $1.17; corn, 680; oats,

55c; buckwheat, 75c per bu; rye, 75c.



Beans—Handpicked, $2.10 per bu.



Butter.—Buying prices, Dairy, No. 1.

220; No. 2, 17c; creamery in tubs, 300;

prints, 301/20.



Cheese—Michigan full cream is selling

at 1560160 per lb; brick, 17c; Swiss, 17c;

limburger, 17c. ,



Eggs—Case count, 22c; candied, 24

@25c.



Apples—New York, $5626 per bbl.



Potatoes—7061 75c per bu.



Cattle—Cows, $2.50fi3.50 per cwt;

steers and heifers, best quality, $3605:

dressed mutton, 761' 80; dressed veal, 7@

9c: dressed beef, cows, 56i6%c; steers and

heifers, 66181/2c.



Hogs—Dressed, 814@8%c.



Live Poultiy—Fowls, 12%@13%c; young

chickens, 1361‘14c; roosters, 9@10c; tur—

keys, 18@19c; young ducks, 13@14c;

geese, 9@10c; capons, 19@20c.





 





 





Chicago.



Wheat—N0. 2 red, $1.20@1.23; May,

$11594; July, 1.01%.



Corn.——No. 3, 63143606334c; May, 65140;

July, 645/80.



Oats—No. 3 white, 533311054340; May,

537,4,c; July, 48%(2



Butter.—Stcad,v. Creamerics, 2261285530;

dairies. 21617250.



Eggs—Weak an-l much lower. At

mark, cases included, 20612l%c; firsts,

22c; prime firsts, 23c.



Potatoes—Higher. Car lots in bulk.

Fancy, 85@87c per bu; ordinary to goo-i,

80@83c.





 





Pittsburg.



Potatoes—Michigan, 836185c; in small

lots, 85c.



Apples—Higher. King, $0 50 pm» bbl;

Spy, $5@5.50; Spitzenburs. $5@5.50.



l’oultoys—Steady. Lch. 'iurkcys, 200;

spring chickens, 15c; hens, 15c; ducks,

100.





 





New York.



Grain—Wheat, No. 2 red, 31.21%; corn,

No. 2, .740; oats, mixed, 561/260571/2.



Eggs.——Market firm. Western firsts,

34c; seconds, 3261331/2c.



Butter.—Steady and higher. Creamery

specials, 316L311/2c; western factory firsts,

2161211/20.



Potatoes—YVestern, in bulk, per 180

lbs., 32.25.602.37.



Hay—Timothy, prime, $17.50; do. other

grades, $13.50@16.50; shipping, 126012.50;

clover and clover mixed, $11@15; rye

straw, $21@22.50; do. short and tangled,

$136014 per ton.



P0ultry.—Dressed, quiet; western spring





 





chickens, 14%6016c; turkeys, 16@23c;

fowls, 14%@16c.

Boston.





WOOL—The stock of old wool is being

reduced to a minimum. This makes so

little trading possible that the dealers

are turning their attention to the new

clip and to foreign consignments. The

prices are very firm: Quotations for

the leading domestic grades are: Ohio

and Pennsylvania fleeces—XX, 346035C;

X, 32@33c; No. 1 washed, 38@39c; No. 2

washed. 38@39c; fine unwashed, 23@24c;





s.

7’; .





half-blood combing, 30@31c; fig-blood

combing, ,30c; iii-blood combing, 29@30c;

delaine washedp 38@40c; delaine un-

was‘hed,-.30c. Michigan, Wisconsin and

New York fleeces—eFine unwashed, 22.61)

23c; 'delaine._unwashed, 27@28c; %-blood

unwashed, 28@29c; %-blood unwashed,

28@29c; 1/4-b100d, 28@29c.





, _. Elgin.

Butter.——Market is firm at 30c per lb.





 





Other Potato Markets. ,

’Cleveland.—-Whlte stock, 80@85c per bu.

St. Louis.—Average offerings higher,

90@$1 per bu.

' Philadelphia.-—For good offerings, 80

@82c. '





THE LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





Buffalo.



(Special report by Dunning & Stevens,

New York Central Stock Yards,

East Buffalo, N. Y.)



' , February 22, 1909.



Receipts of sale-stock here today as

follows: ~Cattle, 100 loads; hogs, 18,000

11%253; sheep and lambs, 22,000; calves,

1, ‘



A few of theearly sales on the light

butcher stuff were about steady with last

week but later in the day the market

became dull and draggy and prices

dropped off from 10@1‘5c per hundred.

The good heavy cattle are meeting with

very poor demand at the present time.

A few very good loads on the market

today sold from $6606.25. Shippers gen-

erally don’t understand that there is no

outlet here for export cattle. No cattle

can be shipped from here at» the present

time for export. No doubt this is one of

the causes for the dull demand for heavy

weight cattle but the demand seems to

be bad on all markets west of us. Heavy

cattle are neglected.



\Ve quote: Best steers, $6606.40: best

1,200 to 1,300 lb. shipping steers, $5.50@

6.10; best 1,000 to 1,100 lb. shipping steers,

$5.40@5.85; best fat cows, $4604.75; fair

to good, $375604; trimmers, $2.25@2.75;

best fat heifers, $5,.25@5.75; butcher

heifers, 800 to 900 lbs., $4.256D4.75; light

fat heifers, $325604; best bulls, $4.50@5;

bologna bulls, $4604.50.



With warm weather here and (heavy

receipts in the west there was a lower

feeling and at the close there are a few

loads going over unsold.



We quote: Best mixed, medium and

heavy, $6.60@6.75; best yorkers, $65064)





 





6.65; light yorkers, $6.35@6.50; pigs, $6.25,





606.30; roughs, $5.70@5.75; stags, $4.25

@475.



The lamb market today was about the

same as Saturday- The handy weight

lambs are all cleaned up but the heavy

ones are in poor demand and there are a

few unsold tonight. There. is no export

demand for them at all. We look for a.

little better price the balance of the

week on the handy kinds.



Top lambs, $7.756D7.85; fair to good

lambs, $7.406D7.70; cull lambs, $6.256P7.25;

skin culls, $5.506]>6.25; yearlings, $650617

7; wethers, $575606; ewes, $5@5.50; cull

sheep, $3.506n4.50; best veals, $060101,“

medium to good, $7.50@9.75; heavy, $4@5.





 





Chicago.

February 22, 1909.

Cattle.



Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.

Received today ...... 19,000 47,000 18,000

Same day last year ..25,685 57,256 22,534

Received last week ..57,168 192,424 64,040

Same week last year.70,951 195,765 65,412

Cattle were marketed last week with

altogether too much freedom for a time.

when the consumption of beef is so ser-

iously curtailed by its dearncss, and trade.

was almost uniformly dull, with prices

constantly weakening except an occas-

ionaal steadiness and an early small ad-

vance. Prices averaged 2561‘40c per lb.

lower than at the close of the previous

week, and steers went chiefly at $5@6.30,

sales of the best class of heavy shipping

steers at $650607 cutting but a small

figure. The poorer class of light-weight

killers sold at $425605, and short-fed

stccrs that could be hot between $5 and

$6 \vcre the favorites with most buyers.

Good cattle sold below $6, and long-fed,

high-priced cattle were slower than the

chcupcr short—fed consignments. Butcher

stock was apt to sell relatively bettcr

than steer cattle, but even these de-

clined sharply before the close, selling

at $3.15615.65 for cows and hcifcrs. ("un—

ncrs and cutters had a fair sale at $1.75

612.10, while bulls sold at $290615. (‘z'ilvcs

were scarce and higher, with sales as

high as $9 per 100 lbs. for prime. light

lots, while coarse heavy ones sold around

$3.506r4.50. The stOckcr and feeder trade

has shown animation at times and com-

parative slowness at others, sales rang-

ing at $3615.60. Evidently, the bad mar-

ket for fat finished cattle had a bad effect

on the demand for cattle to send to feed-

ing districts part of the time. at least.

Milkcrs and springers were in fairly good

request at $206160 per head, the btst iii-



quiry coming from Ohio and New York.

The cattle receipts today were unus-

ually small for a Monday, and sales \vcre

largely 1061‘15c higher, but the. demand

for steers was not very large. At a late

hour no sales had been made above $6.55.

Hogs were marketed last week in such

largely increased volume that it was fre-

qucnily impossible for scllcrs to keep

prices from declining, and the packers

were in a position to fill a good many of

their orders on a much‘ reduced basis.

Hogs were largely good in quality, while

still greatly deficient in weight, the re-

cent receipts having averaged but 205

lbs., compared with 212 lbs. a year ago,

222 lbs. two years ago and 214 lbs. three

years ago. Weight continued to com-

mand a premium, altho the spread in

prices was much narrower than it was

several weeks ago. Eastern shippers

were the best support the market had,

and after their early daily purchases of

the better class of hogs the Chicago

packers entered the market late and pur-

chased the less attractive droves on a

lower basis. So far as can be seen, there





FEB. 20, 1909.





is a good prospect that hogs will sell at

good prices in the near future, and small

receipts would be likely to result in $7

for prime; heavy hogsx Healthy pigs

should be kept at, home. ,Hogs sold

today at $5.95@»6.45,_ with, an early sale

at $6.50. A week- ago sales were made at

$6.10@6.65.



Sheep and lambs were marketed with

more freedom during most of last week

than usual, and it was not always pos-

sible for live stock commission firms to

make as good bargains in selling consign-

ments as country s‘hippers had expected.

There was so poor 8. showing of prime

grades, however, that these were apt to

sell well, and this was particularly the

case as regards fat lambs and prinie.

light-weight "yearling wethers on the

lamb order. Feeders were also good sell-

ers, with sales, of,feeding lambs at $6.25

@720, feeding w‘ethers at $4.85@5.10, and

feeding yearlings at’ $5@5.85. There was

a steady market today, lambs selling at

$5@7.75, ewes at $2.50@5.40, wetlhers at





,$5@5.75, yearlings at $5.50@7, and rams





at $3@4.50

- Horses are being. marketed this month

in larger numbers than a yaear ago, and

there is 'a growing tendency upon the

part of numerous country shippers to

furnish an unduly large percentage of

common animals. This results in lower

prices for such animals at a time when

good horses are selling quite satisfac-

torily. Farm mares and chunks are the

most active class, selling at $130@175 per

head, and there is also afreer demand

than usual for mules at 37562200. Eastern

buyers are taking heavy draft horses at

$170l60t225, gndlgclcasionally a higher figure

lSO ane. rvers ar fa l

$150@350' e wiry active at

______._______

LIVE STOCK NOTES.





 





Buying cattle for the‘feed lot is be-

coming more of a science than ever be-

fore, and there is much less of the hap-

hazard buying than there used to be, as

up-to-date stockmen realize that cattle

feeding has ceased to be an easy matter.

Of course, all kinds of farmers ire 1n

the business, and there are failures and





winners, but more caution is exercised,





in making selections by the average buyer

than formerly. Cattle in the stocker and





feeder classes are offered at all kinds of





prices, ranging in the Chicago market

from around $3 per 100 lbs. up to $5.60

for the best. The bottom figure is paid

for very inferior little stockers and the

highest price for heavy feeders that are

well-bred and require but a short feed

to bring them up to the top-notch of fin-

ished heavy beeves. When a buyer pays

$5 and upward he is competing with kill-

ers for cattle thét are already pretty fair

killers, and not many feeders are selling

around top figures. The conservative

stockman is apt to steer clear of ex-

tremes in prices and to buy medium-

priced cattle that can be matured as

good fat cattle in a reasonably short

period. .Long feeding no longer pays,

and paying fancy prices for feeders is

dangerous at a period when hardly any

buyers want high-priced beeves. In bus"-

ing cattle to feed it is highly important

that steers should be selected that are

fitted by breeding or conformation to be

made into prime beef at the age of fif-

teen to eighteen months, for the popular

demand these times is for baby beef.

The buyer should be a good judge of cat-

tie, and it is a good plan_when the feed-

ers are purchased in the open market

to get a first-class livestock cemmission

firm .to buy-them and pay the usual com-

miSSion for the service. The dearness of

feed at‘this time renders extra precau-

tions in buying doubly necessary.



The demand in.the Chicago and other

western markets for feeder lambs is verv

strong, and extremely high prices are

paid for the choicer offerings, which are

very scarce. There is also a strong

demand for feeding wet-hers, and these

too, command high prices. Every vear

there are many belated Sheepmen "who

are not smart enough to fill their feed

lots at the proper time when prices are

hanging around their lowest figures and

after waiting to see. how things are going,

many of them enter the market and pay

absurdly high prices for feeder stock.

Sometimes such men happen to strike it

right :1 nd to make good profits in the end

but the, business is too risky to prove

attractive to careful stockmen, and fail-

urcs to win are many every year. The.

present season holds out better prospects

to shccpinen who buy now than most

seasons do. as there is known to be. a

large shortage in feeding operations? in

(olorado and the corn states, but there

must be a limit to advances in prices for

linlllS—ilx‘d mutton flocks, and those. who pov

$1.25 per 100 lbs. for feeding lambs and

$5@5.80 .for feeding yearlings are taking

big chances, Last summer and fall there.

were brilliant opportunities for feeders

that no wise shecpmen neglected, and

they have. made, big profits on the low-

priced flocks they purchased,



As has been their practice for many

years, the big Chicago packers paid high

priccs last.fall in numerous instances

for cattle, in order to encourage thou-

sands of farmers to buy cattle to send

to feed lots. At that time feed was dear

and the high price of corn was causing

many former cattle feeders to show re-

luctance in refilling their feed lots but

many of them bot feeder cattle, being

encouraged to do so.by the higher prices

offered for fat beeves. Now these same

packers are using all of their combined

efforts to hammer prices, and the cattle

feeders who have produced fat beeves

are obtaining scant profits. For many

weeks sellers of heavy long-fed cattle

have found such stock discriminated

against by buyers, and this is more the

case now than ever. Killers almost to

a man want cheap cattle with a fair

amount of fat, and mighty few heavy

steers suffice to meet the limited eastern

shipping demand. When advances in

cattle have taken place it has been a].

most invariably in the ordinary or med-

ium to pretty good cattle, and thebest

steers are very much cheaper than ear-

lier in the season.





 





 





 





 





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FEB. 27, 1909.

THIS IS THE LAST EDITION.





 





In the first edition the Detroit Live

Stock markets are reports of last week;

all other markets are right up to"date.

Thursday’s Detroit Live Stock markets

are given in the last edition. The first

edition is mailed Thursday, the last edi-

tion Friday morning. The first edition is

mailed to those who care more to get the

paper early than they do for Thursdays

Detroit Live Stock market report. You

may have any edition desired. Subscrib-

ers may change from one edition to an-

other by dropping us a card to that effect.





 





I DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





Thursday's Market.

Cattle.

February 25, 1909.



Receipts, 1,034. Market 25c lower than

last week on all grades.



We quote: Extra dry-fed steers and

heifers, $5.50@5.60; steers and heifers,

1,000 to 1,200, $5695.25; steers and heifers,

800'to 1,000, $4.75@5.; steers and heifers

that are fat. 500 to 700, $4@4-25; choice

fat cows, $3.75@4.25; good fat cows, $3.50



3.75; common cows, $3; canners, $1.50



2; choice heavy bulls, $4.25; fair to good

bolognas, bulls, $3.50@3.75; light bulls,

$3@3.25; milkers, large, young, medium

338. $40®50; common milkers,, $206330.



Roe Com. Co. sold Bresmhan 4 cows

av 1.005 at $3.75; to Cook 13 stores av 750

at $4.75; to Rattkowsky 1 bull weighing

1,200 at $4.25; to Goose 2' cows av 83-5

at $3.75.; to Caplis 2 do av 835 at $3.50, 3

butchers av 666 at $2.75.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Sullivan P. Co.

2 steers av 785 at $4.50, 14 do av 860 at

$5.25, 1 bull weighing 1,390 at $4. 3 cowe

av 1.086 at $4, 9 steers av 980 at 85, 3

1.060 at $3.50; to Mich. B. Co. 24 steers

av 990 at $5.25, 8 butchers av 835 at

$3.75, 5 steers av 834 at $5, 1 bull weigh-

ing 1.430 at $4.50, 2 do av 1,346 at $4.50,

1 steer weighing 1,000 at $5.50, 2 do av

875 at $4.25, 5 heifers av 778 at $4.50, 3

steers av 960 at $5.50; to Kali 7' do av

1,100 at $5.60, 13 do av 760 at $4.70, 1 cow

weighing 930 at $4.25; to Caplfs 5 butch-

ers av 956 at $3.25, 3 do av' 906 at $4, I

bull weighing 95.0 at $4, 3 cows av 970

at $3.; to Hammond, S. & Co. 4 bulls

av 1.296 at $4.25, 1 do weighing 1,340 at

$3.50, 2 do av 1,450 at $4.25.



Spicer, M. & R. sold Mich. B. Co. I

steer weighing 1,050 at $5.25, 9 butchers

av 570 at $3.50, 2 bull and steer av 1,085

at $4.25, 1 bull weighing 1,630 at $4.50,

1 do weighing 9-40- at $4.25, 2 steers av

846 at $5, 2' do av 1,090 at $5.50, 2 bulls

av 1.090 at $4.15; to Brcsnahan 2 cows

av 1,050at $4, 1 do weighing Wat $4.1do

weighing 820’ at $3.75, 3 do av 883 at

$3.75, 2 do av 1,000 at $3.75; to Regan

7 butchers av 523 at 84.15, 3 do av 610

at $4.15, 8 do av 615 at $4 to Kamman

R Co. 25 steers av 944 at $5.05; to Goose

3 rows av 886 at $2.50, 2 do av 1,060 at

$2.50; Hammond, S. & Co. 3 do av 1,050

at $3.65, 3 steers av 1,026 at 85'. to Cap-

lis 3 cows av 806 at $3.75, 2 bulls av 960

at $3.75. 3 cows av 816 at $2.25, 7 do av

823 ‘at $3, 5 butchers av 708 at $4.25, 10

do av 635 at $4.



Lowenstein sold Kamman B. Co. 18

steers av 842 at $5.



Same sold Sullivan B. CO. S cows av

1,133 at $4.10, 1 do weighing 900 at $3.



Sharp sold same 4 butchers av 882 at

$4. 11,do av 835 at $4.60.



Haley sold same 2 butchers av 1,140 at

$1.25, 18 steers av 1,132 at $5.50.



Johnson sold Mich. B. Co. 1 cow weigh—

ing 1,080 at $3.50, 2 bulls av 900 at $3.75.



lleeney sold same 2 cows av 1,000 at

$3.50.



Johnson sold Regan 6 heifers av 606

at $3.30.



Haley sold same 2 do av 625 at $4.35.



Haley sold Rattkowsky 3 cows av 913

at $3, 4 do av 970 at $3.65.



Veal Calves.



Receipts, 440. Market 25(0500 higher

than last week. Best, $8@9; others,

$4607.50; milch cows and springers, good,

steady: common, dull.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Nagle 6 av 155

at $8, 3 av 165 at $6, 2 av 140 at $6, 11 av

145 at $8.50: to Cannon 4 av 155 at $8;

to Nagle 6 av 130 at $4.25; to Mich. B,

Co. 16 av 155 at $7.60; to cannon I weigh-

ing 210 at $7.75, 2 av 125 at $8, 1 weigh-

180 at $9; to Nagle 5 av 155 at $8.50, 3

av 140 at $6.50; to Newton B. Co. 12 av

130 at $8, 28 av 140 at $8.75.



Spicer, M. & R. sold Cannon 6 av 155

:11 $3.25, 4 av 135 at $8.25, 10 av 146 at

$8.25: to Eschrich 1 weighing 170 at $4.75:

to Ruttkowsky 2 av 335 at $4.25; to Mich.

B. On. 4 av 155 at $7.25; to Nagle 9 av

140 at $7.40; to Mich. B. Co. 4 av 150 at

$7.25; to Nagle 9 av 135 at $7.40; to New-

ton B. Co. 7 av 140 at $8.25, 11 av 130

at $7, 8 av 155 at $5.75; to Cannon 9

av 150 at $8.25.



Sharp sold Sullivan P. Co_ 10 av 134

at $7.75, 1 weighing 90 at $5.



'l‘ubbs & Son sold same 4 av 125 at

$5.50, 18 av 150 at $8.



Bennett sold Mich. B. (‘0. 4 av 150

at $8.



Johnson sold Nagle 1 weighing 150 at

$5, 5 av 145 at $8



H. N. Johnson sold same 3 av 90 at $5,

8 av 130 at $7.75.



llccney sold same 6,av 130 at $8.



Cam‘mon sold Roe Com. Co. 25 av 135

at $8.25, 7 av 135 at $6.50.



Cheney sold Burnstine 8 av 145 at $8.



Downing sold same 1 weighing 140 at $8.



Robinson sold Sullivan P. Co. 9 av

145 at $8.



Kelsey sold Newton B. Co.

at $7.75, 1 weighing 350 at $5.



Weeks sold same 9 av 135 at $7,



Graff sold same 14 av 140 at $8.25.



Dennis sold same 11 av 150 at $7.50.



.Tedile sold same 2 av 170 at $8.50.



Henderson sold same 4 av 145 at $8.25.



Sharp sold Hullivan P. Co. 10 av 134

at $7.75, 1 weighing 90 at $5.



Tubbs & Son sold same 4 av 125 at

$5.50, 18 av 150 at $8.



Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts, 4.848. Markct 250 lower than

last week. Best lambs, $7.25; fair to

good lambs, $6.50@7; light to common





 





8 av 135





THE ‘M'ICHI'GA‘N. FARMER.





lambs, $5@6; yearlings, $5.75@6.10;2 fair

to good butcher sheep, ”@450; culls and

common, $3.50@4. , .



Bishop, B. & H. sold Nagle 46 lambs

av 80 at $7.25, 5 do av 100 at $6, 8 do av

50 at $5.50, 15 do av 90 at $7, 19 do av

70 at $7, 11 sheep av 75 at $4, 3 do av 70

at $3; to Brookins 182 yearlings av 93

at $6; to Cannon 174 do av 94 at $6; to

,Nagle 181 do av 95 at $6, 66 lambs av

85 at $7.23; to Fitzpatrick Bros. 16 do.

av 55 at $5.50, 22 do av 40 at $5, 26 sheep

av 95 at $4.50; to Hammond, S. & Co. 89

lambs av 75 at $7.25, 8 do av 55 at $6, 85

do av 75 at $7.25, 184 do av 80 at $7.25,

4 sheep av 120 at $4.50, 87 lambs av 85

at $7.25.



Heeney sold Mich. B. Co. 10 lambs

av 47 at $5.50, 10 sheep av 101 at $4, 8 do

av 80 at $4.50, 23 lambs av 75 at $7.



Shepard sold same 70 lambs av 77 at

$7.15.



Bennett sold same 33 do av 73 at $7.25.



Robinson sold Sullivan P. Co. 1 back:

weighing 170 at $3.50, 3 yearlings av 80

at $5.50.



Downing sold Bumstine 7

65 at $6.60.



Spicer, M. & B. sold Eschrich 1 buck

weighing 150 at $3, 21 lambS‘av 50 at

$5.50, 3 sheep av 110 at $4.



Roe Com. Co. sold Eschrich-a sheep av

90 at $3, 20 lambs av 60 at $6.25; to.

Newton B. Co.. 111 :mixed av 65 at $6.75.



Sharp sold Sullivan P. Co. 11 sheep

av 100 at $4.25, 23 lambs av 60 at $6.



Vgickman sold same 53 lambs av 75

at 7.



J. W. Johnson sold same 16 do av 65

at $6.50, 7 sheep av 65 at $4.25.



Wiclcrnan sold same 33 lambs av 80





lambs av





at 87.

Allen sold Nagle 15 lambs av 90 at

25





H. N. Johnson sold same 28 lambs av

75 at $6.75,, 3 sheep av 150 at $4.



G.$ J. Smith. sold same 14 lambs av 90

at 7. ‘

Lewis sold Thompson Bros. 4 sheep av

115 at $4. 3 do av 105 at $5. 20 lambs

av 85 at $660.



Weeks‘ sold Newton B. Co. 5 sheep av

125 at $3, 23 lambs av 75 at $6.60.



Dennis sold same 41 do av 77 at $6.50.



Graft sold same 4 yearlings av 95 at

$5.50.



Cheney sold Fitzpatrick Bros. 16 year-

ling-s av 80 at S



Rice sold Young 15 yearlings av 100





- Hogs.



Receipts, 5,342. Market I5@'20c higher

for good, and steady for pigs,



Range of prices: Light to good butch-

ers, $6.50; pigs, $5.75; light yorkers, $6.25;

stags, 1%., off.



Parker, M. 8: R. sold Hammond. S.

8: Co. 1.17 av 195 at $6.50, 85 av 175 at

$6.40, 130 av 160 at $6.35», 73 av 170 at

$6 25





Sundry shippers sold same 75 av 190

at $6.50, 26 av 178 at $6.25.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Parker, W. &

Co. 273 av 200 at $6.50, 179 av 180 at

$6.40. 68 av $1.50 at $6.25,

at $6.35.



Sundry shippers sold same 82 av 18?.

at $6.50, 73 av 177 at $6.40, 67 av 161

at $6.30.



Roe Com. Co. sold Sullivan P. Co. 55

av 170 at $6.25, 19 av 228 at $6.50.



Spicer, M. & R. sold same 128 av 165

at $6.35, 63 pigs av 110 at $6.



Bishop, B. & H.

at $6.25, 26 av 115 at $6. 18 av 100 at $5.50.



Sundry shippers sold same 61 av 183

at $6.50.



Dennis sold Newton B. Co. 46 av 180

at $6.40.





 





Friday‘s Market.

February 19, 1909.

Cattle.





Receipts, 65. Market 15c lower than

at the opening Thursday.

We quote: Extra steers, $5.50@5.75;





steers and heifers, 1,000 to 1,200, $5@5.25;

steers and heifers. 800 to 1,000, $4.75@

5; steers and heifers that are fat, 500 to

700, $4634.50; c’holce fat cows, $3.75@4.25;

good fat cows, 83.50614: common cows,

$3613.25; canners, $150602; choice heavy

bulls, $4.50; fair to good bolognas, bulls,

$3.75@4; light bulls, $3@3.50; milkers,

large, young, medium age, $40@55; com-

mon milkers, $20©30.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Hammond, Stand-

ish & Co., 5 steers av 1,314 at $5.75, 4

do av 1.047 at $4.50, 4 do av 937 at $5, 1

cow weighing 690 at $3. 2 do av 865 at

$2.50, 1 bull weighing 1,200 at $4.50, 2 do

av 1,005 at $4, 1 heifer weighing 770 at

$3.90, 3 bulls av 1,450 at $4.25.



Weeks sold same 13 butchers av 542 at

$4, 1 heifer weighing 560 at $3, 24 steers

av 860 at $4.75.



Roc Com. Co. sold same 1 bull weighing

1.320 at $4, 1 do weighing 1,550 at $4.50.

2 steers av 950 at $5, 3 cows av 1,073 at

$4, 2 steers av 950 at $5.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Sullivan P. CO.

7 steers av 730 at $4.85, 1 cow weighing

1.030 at $3.85. ‘

t“$Wl03 sold Schlischer 7 heifers av 503

21 3.5 .



Sheep and Lambs.

Receipts, 430. Market steady at Thurs-





day's prices. Best lambs, $7.25@7.50;

fair to good lambs, $7: light to common

lambs, $6616.50; fair to good butcher





sheep, $4615; culls and common, $36114.



Bishop, 8. 8: ll. sold Hammond, S. &

Co. 38 sheep av 85 at $5.25, 2 lambs av

105 at $7.50. 60 do av 70 at $7.40, 47 do

av 90 at $7.50, 39 do av 80 at $7.50, 159

do av 90 at $7.50, 17 do av 88 at $7.15. 19

do av 70 at $7. 20 sheep av 90 at $5.50,

4 do av_ 95 at $4.50, 7 do av 80 at $5. 6 do

av 110 at $5.75, 10 do av 112 at $4.75.



Roe Com. C0. sold Barlage 3O sheep

av 75 at $4.25.



Same sold Robinson 73

at $6.60.



Bennett & S. sold Nagle 188 lambs av

85 at $7.25, 2 sheep av 140 at $3.25, 4 do

av 80 at $2.





lambs av 61 ;





Hogs. J



Receipts, 380. Market steady at Thurs-,

day’s prices. Range of priccs: Light to1

good butchers, 662066635; pigs, $5 50606;:

light yorkers, $6@6.10; stage, 1/3 off.





Lucke sold Parker, W. & Co. 766 av

164 at $6.30.



Roe Com. Co. sold Sullivan P. Co. 99

av 137 at $6.10, 18 pigs av 86 at $6.



Bishop, B. 8: H. sold same 20 pigs av

120 at $6, 45 hogs av 175 at $6.25.





 





 





 





   





   





=_' . (53'3", 4 u. ‘ . > ’ [1.7 .445 .;.,: f: _ .

new ‘ A}; '— .4"? "". _ .45

WW... ,a-v an” ‘,





 





V 0

,Do you want a fine

0



farm for little money

ea. farm that isbigger than M can afford to

awn where you live now?

-‘—a. farm that. will grow bigger crops than you

nan grow on your present farm?

--a farm that will make you a good living and

leave you some profit besides?





—a farm that will grow more valuable each m!

You can get such a farm , "





in the Southwest





liong the Cotton Belt . Route in Southeast

Missouri, Arkansas, Louismna and Texas.



Some of ‘ the finest land is the Southwest lies

along this line. It can be bought. on easy terms

for $5 to $25 an acre.



The low rates adored by the Cotton Bolt. each

month would make a trip of investigation very

cheap and“ profitable.



Do you want to know more

about this land?- Write no for

free co ten 01 beautifully um-

tratcd ooks about this great





country. It will pa you to

modthun. Write ny.





E. W. LaBEAUME,





 





 





36 av 170





sold same 60 av 125





iASL





Gen. Pun. ml Tub! Agent,

15“ Pine 3H5. St. huh. "I.





 





I .





6 %Timberland Bands





5700 000 issue secured by first mortgage

on timber tract valued,at current market

prices, at 52., 147,180.



This well-situated timber—32.0002icres of

hardwood and $250,000 improvements, in-

cluding I’d-mile logging railroad and two

completely equipped sawmills—is owned

by a lumber manufacturing company of 20

years’ experience,large established busi-



; ness and. capital and surplus of $1,526,628.95.



‘ Price of bonds—100 and interest. To yield

6% interest to investor. Write for descrip-

tive and explanatory circular.





A. B. Leach 8: no.

140 Bourbon: Sir Ch





”6%





 

 





New York Philadelphia Boston





 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





cLlP TIIIS NT and mail it to

REILLY ATKINSON, Soc.-

‘I‘reas. LEAGUE or SO.IDAHO

Com. was, Borsm, IDAHO,

for free illustrated literature

telling of wonders, opportun.

ltios. glorious sunshine. Ion:





°'*““°“°"~wriin‘s

n" l L” SUMMERS





Your money will earn large

dividends by investing in

the new Stock Yards at

Buffalo, N. Y. Write for

particulars, to





Farmers and Drovers

Stock Yard Co.





BUFFALO. N. Y-





 





 





 





 





 





 





5 acres. Just In prime, 5

Apple ambard To R'M- toanundred bu. annually.

Will rent for long term;7 miles north and 1 mile west

0! Agrl. Conece. A. J. BATH, Bath, Mltn.





 





4

l





I" HAY &. GRAIN,"





We went to 11-! from shippers of Hay and Groin—Our

direct service to large consumers in this district 01:.qu

us to get top prices for good Ihlpnonu. Libero] od-

venue to nonunion.





Daniel lcCsflrcy’s Sons (10., Pillsbury Pa.

Int—lashluiu Ial'l 'IIN. lnqunn III'l But.





irlnms lun FARM uuns

on SALE an Example





BEAUTIFUL 400 ACRE FARM, must be sold

at once. One mile from R. B. village. Bert

cash. J. W. SLATER. Traverse City. Mich.





ARM for Bale—40 or 75 acres; join limits of Ypsi-





lanti. Good buildings: silo; stock and tools, cheap.

Easy terms. No agents. W. Worden, Ypsuanti, Mich





1QIIRIIIGAN FARMS”§'&3‘§§T€T"££&°?J§§§£ ‘

0. 5.





C. B. BENHAM, Hastings, Mich.





 

   

   





 





,





l

I

|





 





 





 





 





for sale '





Fruit,r Grain and Stock Farms mom...

Co. WI ‘





to L. W. Morgan. Shelby, Mich. for lists.‘





 





l



at all Prices—Now is 3 00d time t

FARMS look at them. Write forg new list (3

BOOTH dz GRACY. Greenville. Michigan.





HO' FOR MICHIGAN. Choice forms for sa'e

, . ln Lenswec and Hillsdnle Co's. Write for

l BWANDER a SWANDER, Hudson, Mich. l





 





1 above taro the year around.

‘ perfectly drained. pure water. half hour from city





‘ 948 153. LISA". Street.





_ (25> 2,37

MICHIGAN FARMS sfi‘fi‘s





Southern a Central Counties. Write for list, 8. B.

HAYIS, Ashton Building, Grand Rapids, Mich.





011 SALE—Seventy-flve acre farm one m’le

from Charlotte. Mich. Good buildings; of all

kinds Ind wind mill. No waste land and In high

state of cultivation. L. H. Shepherd. Charlotte,Mlcn.





l,000-AGRE FARM BARGAIN 3312733?





150 acres cleared; buildings; line running water-:01:

railroad; all woven wire fenced: $12,000. easy terms,

Also 208 acres adjoining; 55 acres cleared; $1,800, easy

terms. Write owner.



HAS. M. LANNING; Portland, Oregon,





Virginia Farms and Homes.





FREE CATALOGUE 0F BPLEND] D BARGAINS.

R. B. GRAPH" G (20.. Inc., Richmond. Va.





FARM—Beautifully situated adjoining Ox-

ford. Mien. on south. Excellent

soil, two miles new wire fence, splendid water, 200

hard ma. Ie trees on road. Would sell 80, 160, or m

acres. ay terms, fine farm buildings. Addrell

E. W. HOLCOMB, 290 Herrick Ave, Detroit, Micir





mourn my '1 m cm mm“



! balance purchase 90 cents

math per say, clog San Francisco; no taxes: no In-

terest: 54ers tracts; level. rich, clear: ready to plow;

irrigated: perpetual water rights; Immediate posses-

sion; vacuum, mp3. Photographs free. STEV-

INBO COLONY; 14.14 Market St. San Francisco.





Color-do Farms—160 and 80 3., 40 mi. north Denver



on U. P. R. R. Irrigated. No better for B. beets,



potatoes. alfalfa and grain. Good water, good health.

nu hr prim





 





 





 





 





 





 





W . .

- Ion

m" um

I m .10 on can

army! and. Du! CI”. Write h map and pr-





thahlg. mm my terms. Drum» Bro...

(CM) 15 Harm this" Elli-ow. w. 8.. Etch.





A FERTILE COUNTRY

Tidewater Virginia and Carolina. Fluent

firmlnnds. Long growingmon. Three and

m ‘ m“ 63......“ "“5“” N"



more. an int



long before the northern inn-u sees t e h:

and. snow . ppm. Convenient markets.

Best prices. rumors are making and saving



money Write





 





 





F. l. mu. Mud Indutf'l kl“ mu: and mum

Mlmkflm Mb.





”IO-1.388“ M—$:3.& per-etc. 8 l.-



h:— m. Riel Id. Lorne has: and tom.



Ivory-thinned. lubesold betm‘prfl. '



“Am—2 mm: from Ypsilanti. Cb: Ion- Isl.



mum‘s-3y. tuner-acre.



3.11.15. ifi‘crli‘e—tl‘? mm- tron: Daron. In beet

eg oroo. ereandbhl lmr .



Nothing better- 814,010. g y p oved



BOURKE dz FISK.

501-2 Chamber ofComI-orco. Detroit. Mich.





FOR SALE 4244mm! Farm}; two ml5les from

own, urge ouse, 1 room .



Barnlio by 64, with two sham. summer hitches.



All cleared, no stumps. Fruit of all kinds. One



mile and half to Holland Church, Holland settle-



ment. Four tons of hny.two pigs. two cows.



$5,500, $1,500 cash. balance to suit. 6 per cent in-



terest. Am too old to farm.



WALTER. SNOW. Bolton. Mich“ R. 1.





 





 





 





 





For information as to lands in





The NATION’S GARDEN SPOT





Along the





ATLANTIC GGAST LINE RAILROAD





In Virginia, North and South Carolina. Georgia

Iabama and Florida. write to

WILBUR McCOY,

Agrl. and lmml. Azent.

Atlantic Coast Line. - Jacksonville. Fla.





FARMS.



86 mares—12 acres second growth timber: loo

apple trees, 100 peach trees; 800d house. outbunu.

in s. One-third down .......... . .................. $2500.



15 acres—2M miles from town on electric line;

110 acres improved; good fences. 9-mom house in

good condition: 3 large barns In excehent condition;

all necessary outbuildings. $1500 down ............ $6800.



160 acres—d“ acres improved: 15 some tim-

ber; 9-room house. 30140 and mum (cement floors);

good {encamwlndmnnwuer at house and burns.

Prlitie $50 If? new!



nve arms n every county in Micki a.

ranch: in price from an acre up.“ n.

l fluid for Catalan of 1000 forms.



"FARM HEAD%UAR'I‘ERS”

CHAS. D. ISKE,

713—l4~15 Chamber of Commerce, Detroit, Mich.





Money Making Farms





Oranges. figs. pecans vegetables and staple cm a

pay $100 to $600 on our... Our land is located whege

the temperature roam between 66 and 80 degrees

This land In high,





 





 





 





 





(79.000) and um to gulf.





Ideal lace f r

health. prom. p 0 home,





Low price, my terms, attracting





; desirable class of settlers. Free booklet





IRVINGTON LAND C0. .





CH ICACIO.

FARM OPPORTUNITIES NE





34 LEM, 03530”





"THE CRIB-BY CITY"

on the beautiful Willamette River. H . 1

fruit farms 1.2381101» per acre not; 32133333127)“

; improv far-us to $200 room; unimprov

1:0825. Excursion rates to £611: in March on

fiprll. For information and hard hots address





. F. H t r. S

noma‘ifiaasm SALEM, OREGON





 





 





 

 





Will-01111.10 Grand. Vel-

. log irrigated Plantation,

3a





 

 





010 or divided, improv-

Ind now producln ;





   





Duly term-.3. W. .

LEWIS, 4230 VVthi-gton

Avenue, St. Louis, Mo.





   

 





 





Cheap Tennessee Farms

Making Men Ri.chl—-‘





 





 





Fortunes are being made on fertile Tonnes-

see farms. They raise big crops of Canta-

loupes. Cabbage Tomatoes, String Beans,

(zrecn Corn. etc. , u so Horses. Cuttle.Sheep.Swine.

Poultry and E ygs. Write me at once for Free

Literature. 1'! tell you how to get. one of these

splendid farms for $5 to $20 per acre. Act quickly!

ILF. Smilh,’l‘raf.lgr..\‘.€.& St. |.. RyJIepLPJInIthlIe ,Tell.
238 ' ' no:





HQMEANDYOUTH?





EARLY AMERICAN AUTHORS.





   





 





 





 





BY CARL S. LOWDEN.





Oliver Wendell Holmes.



This renowned poet, essayist, and nov-

elist was born August 29, 1809, at Cam-

bridge, Mass. He was the son of good

parents, and his ancestors were promi-

nent in the history of their time. Mr.

Holmes graduated from Harvard in 1829,

after which he studied law, then medi-

cine. He spent three years in Europe,

and in 1839 became a professor in Dart-

mouth College. One year later he mar-

ried, resigned his position, practiced

medicine in Boston; then he took a pro-

fessorship in his alma.mater, Harvard.

In 1857 his first ambitious effort, "The

Autocrat of the Breakfast Table,” ap-

peared in the “Atlantic Monthly.” It was

a chatty serial with a charm such as is

found in the writings of Charles Lamb.





 





 





Two years later, “Elsie Venner” was

published. Holmes remained with the

“Atlantic Monthly,” contributing diverse

material, for a long time; but at last his

strong constitution failed him, and he

died at Boston, October 7, 1894.



Holmes wrote a great many poems of

more than ordinary excellence, among

them being: “Old Ironsides,” ”Deacon‘s

One-Hoss Shay,” “Chambered Nautilus,”

“The Constitution,” “The Comet,” and

“The Last Leaf.” He wrote several arti-

cles that admit of no very definite classi-

fication, and in addition the “Breakfast

Table” series, including “The Autocrat,"

“The Poet,” and “The Professor." Two

biographies came‘from his versatile pen‘,

“Motley,” and “Emerson.”



The writings of Holmes are not such

as make his name very endurabie. Ho

always wrote well, but he scarcely man-

ages to clear the nauseating common-

place. There is brilliancy, wit, epigram-

matic touches in abundance, but there

are frequent sentences whose glaze is

barely sufficient to escape the quality

of the amateur. He is good—humored,

acute, sincere, broad but not deep, and

through every line there runs a quiet





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





As he totters o’er the ground

With his cane.





They say that in his prime,



Ere the pruning-knife of time

Cut him down,



Not a better man was found



By the erier on his round

Through the town.





But now he walks the streets

And he looks at all he meets

. Sad and wan, '

And he shakes his feeble head,

That it seems as if he said,

“They are gone.”





The mossy marbles rest

On the lips that he has prest

In their bloom,

And the names he loved to hear

Have been carved for many a year

On the tomb.





My grandma-mma has said——



Poor old lady, she is dead

Long ago~



That he had a Roman nose,



And his cheek was like a rose

In the show.





But now his nose is thin,



And it rests upon his chin

Like a staff,



And a crook is in his back,



And a melancholy crack

In his laugh.





I know it is a sin

For me to sit and grin

At him here;

But the old three-cornered hat,

And the breeches, and all that,

Are so queer!





And if I should live to be

The last leaf upon the tree

In the spring—

Let them smile, as I do now,

At the old forsaken bough

Where I‘ cling.





 





THE HIBERNATION OF BEARS.





BY ISAAC MOTES.



One of the interesting features of ani-

mal life is the means employed for subsist-

ence in winter. Many animals, including

wolves, foxes, coons and opossums, for-

age for their food all winter, while others

store up nuts, acorns, corn and the like

in dens where they hibernate for four or

five months during the coldest weather,

but come out occasionally on warm,

sunny days. Still others lay up food in

the shape of fat in the body in the au-

tumn, then when the weather begins to

get cold they den up in caverns and

caves and never come out until next

spring, doing without food the whole win-

ter thru, their lives being sustained by

the slow combustion of fat already stored

up in the body. Snakes, frogs, ground-

hogs and bears are among the class of

animals that hibernate without food.

They practically sleep during the entire

winter, or remain in a kind of stupor.



The largest of the animals which hiber-

nate without food is the bear. As the

weather grows cold in the late autumn

a bear will lie down among the fallen

leaves in some dry canyon or under a.

sheltering rock or tangle of underbrush,

and go to sleep for about two weeks

without stirring. This is to prepare for

the long winter retirement. This prelim-

inary sleep occurs some distance from

the den previously selected for his winter

quarters. After two weeks of this prep-

oration the, bear gets up and goes straight

for his den, enters it and is seen no more

until the weather gets warm again in





 





 





Birthplace of Oliver Wendell Holmes, in Cambridge, Mass—This House Was Gen.





Washington’s Headquarters





vein of wholesome sentiment. His writ-

ings are always pleasurable and enter-

taining, and that is certainly ample cause

for the reading of them.



The Last Leaf.





I saw him once before,



As he passed by the dcor,

And again



The pavement stones resound,





During Siege of Boston.





the spring. He goes in very fat and

comes out gaunt and hungry. And unless

he gets fat in the fall he must forage

for his food all winter.



It is doubtless with bears as with men.

A fat man can fast longer than one who

starts in lean and emaciated. People

who have been forced for any reason





to do without food for a long time say

that during the first two or three days

after their rations are shut off the gnaw-

ings of hunger are very painful, but after

this the pain is not’so acute, as the sys-

tem turns from its crying after new nour-

ishment and begins to burn up or con-

sume the fat stored in the body in the

effort to sustain life and furnish neces-

sary energy, and during this stage of the

fast the only feeling is one of slow,

gradual emaciation and lessening of

strength. And naturally if a man were

lying down all the time he was fasting,

rather than walking about expending en-





,ergy, he could sustain life for a longe1





period. So it is not marvelous after all

that a fat bear lying in a deep, warm

cave in the ground can live three or four

months without eating.



Some old hunters and trappers say that





 





no matter how large a cave may be,§

only two bears hibernate there; that if:

another pair venture to intrude there is;

serious trouble in store for the last com—i

ers. Others tell us that if the den is1





large another pair may take up their

abode in another part of it, as the first

comers are in a state of stupor or torpor,

and not disposed to be quarrelsome, or

to take much notice of the late comers.



During the latter part of the hibernat-

ing period, very early in the spring,

the young cubs are born, and it is the

coming of the cubs which forces the old

bear out after food and water in order

to nourish her young. It is said that she

never leaves the den until after the cubs

are born, but very soon thereafter she

comes forth ravenously hungry, and it is

at this time that a bear is quarrelsome

and ill—humored, and when she plays su'ch

havoc with the farmers’ pigs, poultry,

lambs and young calves.



Old mountaineers, trappers and hunt-

ers who trap wild animals for shows, park

boards and the like take advantage of

these ear-1y trips of the mother bear to

capture the little cubs in the den. These

hunters will have an order from some

showman for a pair of young bears at a

good price, and being familiar with the

mountains and rocky bluffs along rivers

and other wild, broken country, they

know the location of every den large

enough to hold a pair of bears, and in

the spring as warm weather approaches

they keep a sharp watch for the old

mother bear to emerge from her long

winter home, for mother instinct drives

her forth before the male Comes out.



As soon as the hunters see fresh tracks

in the snow, sand or soft earth leading

away from the cave they know the old

bear has fared forth after food. They

then set a large steel trap in the trail,

to catch her on the return trip. And as

there is generally a more or less Well

defined path leading to the cave they are

pretty sure to catch her, as she will come

back along the same path.



After she is caught she is not molested,

but allowed to remain quietly in the

trap. The hunters now secrete them-

selves near by and watch day and night

for the appearance of the cubs. After a

time they get very hungry, and nose

about in the cave for their mother, and

failing to find her they keep exploring

until they come to the mouth of the

cave and see her in the trap, when hun-

ger leads them to go out to her, when

the hunters make a break for the mouth

of the cave to intercept and catch them

before they get inside again. In this

v.4. they not only catch the little cubs

2357b, but possibly the old bear also.





’i'hirs is the surest way to capture the

v 1r.:~:, for it would be useless to attempt

‘r. dig them out, as the cave might ox-

“.hri Lurk for" or iiily fret into the side

1.! lht- hi2}, mountain or rocky bluff. The

11:11 '31—- 3.1.1 nt-nr enough to the mouth of

11.1. cave so that the rubs may see their





mother when tlwy get to the opening,

and yet far enough away to prevent

their reaching the den again before the

hunters intercept them, as they might

try to do if several weeks old. Sometimes





the whole family may be broken up in this .





way, the he bear being shot or roped when

he ventures out.



This applies more to black or brown

cinnamon bears than to the grizzly or

silver tip. It’s a serious proposition to

catch one of these larger bears in a steel

trap that will hold her, or to rope and

capture the male, but the cubs can some.

times be, 1... in this way by two or three

experienced hunters, provided the mother

is caught near the cave in a trap strong

enough to hold her. Most of the bears





you see in shows are secured in this man- ,





ner, as bears never breed in captivity,

and never breed if for any reason they

were too poor to hibernate, but had to

forage thruout the winter for food.





FEB. 27, 1909.





This Recipe fer Home-

made Cough Cure is

Worth Saving.



Most of the suffering and most

of the serious diseases that result

from colds and coughs could be





 





enti1ely prevented if the proper

medicine were on hand and could

be taken conveniently when the

first signs of trouble appeared.



By saving the recipe given below

you will always have an excellent

prescription for colds and coughs.

Or better yet, by making up the

remedy you will always have it

handy. A teaspoonful dose, taken

when the first symptoms arise,

will ward off a vast amount of

suffering and possible danger. This

is the recipe:





Granulated Sugar Syrup. .132% oz.

Pinex .............. 2.5502





Put the Pinex (50 cents’ worth)

in a pint bottle and fill up the bot-

tle with the Granulated Sugar

Syrup, made as follows: Take a

pint of Granulated Sugar, add one-

half cup of water,- Stir and let boil

just a moment. If kept well corked

it will never spoil so that this pint

of cough medicine will last a fam-

ily a long time. It can be made in

five minutes at a total cost of

about 54 cents and is very pleasant

to take. Dose: A teaspoonful every

one, two or three hours as required.



Simple as it is, it is in every

way superior to the ready— made

syrups that cost five or six times

as much. Obstinate deep- seated

coughs usually yield to it inside

of twenty- four hours. It is also an

excellent remedy for whooping

cough pains in the chest, bron-

chial troubles, hoarseness, etc.



In using this recipe get the real

Pinex, which is the most valuaole

concentrated compound of Norway

White Pine Extract and is vastly

superior to the weaker pine oil or

pine tar preparations. Your drug-

gist has it or will gladly get it for

you if you ask him.





 





 





 





 





 





 





lllDES TANNED





For Robes and Coats.





Send us your Cottlo and Home

Hides, or any skins you havo.

and we will make you a Fine

, Cont. Robe or n Floor-Bug at.

reasonable price.



We have one of the largest

Fur Coat and Bob. Factories

in the country, and tan and

dress. in our own plant, all the

hides and skins we use. We

can therefore handle your

custom work in the vary but

mnnner. All hides are soft

and pliable when finished.

We guarantee our work. Bend

for our circular. Write Now.





HUGH WALLACE C0.

Custom Debt. DETROIT M1011.





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

   





There' s inst one way to

be sure of getting good

value in tinware—buy by

the name





Armor Brand

meare





-_-—the only tinwure made that

is sold under a trade- mark

label Armor Bnnd flavor. is _

coated with an extra. heav coat



of pure tin. That' 11 why it. wears and wears. Be

sure the label is on every piece you buy and you 'll

be ( ertain of longest service. If your dealer hasn't

it. send us his name and we '11 see that. you get. it.





THE REPUBLIC METALWAEE 00.





Chicago 2 Republic 8t, 1111mm. NJ. New York





 





 





 





 





 

 

 





We Supply the U. 8.

Government.





. 'PricesCuiinHalf





. this season. Our large.

newliltppage Band in-

strument catalog Sent

FREE. Write to—day.





mt mm wumnzm co.

. "37' EA": st. Cincinnntlmr.

If? Wabuh Alto. ChlonIoJII.





 





 





DR. WHITEHALL’S





RHEUMATIG GURE





FOR ALL FORMS OF





Rheumatism and Gout





Write for a. liberal FREE Trial Box.

Sold by Druggists. Price 500 per box.

The Dr. Whitehall Megrimine Co.

136 Main St., South Bend, Ind. '

— 55113. was. —





R8





The only Glass Valve Pump—never

sticks — never fails — always ready.

Also HAY T0 8. am Door

Hang ers. Ha Back Clamps.

Write‘ today for irculars and Prices.

F. l.lyon a Bron 280111150 8L, Ashlnd, 0.





this PUMPS





 

 





 





 





-bs- “we“: '
.V+





 





 





i

f.

’t

9

i

I

3.

:i

3.





 

 

 

 

 





FEB, 27, 1909. _,





The Hop Picker ’iFrom Port Simpson





(continued from last week). other provisions at the loggers’ camps





'Dan knew not how, but he caught Alice or at the ranches on their way. The ex- _





with one arm and with the other clung pedition was almost without fOOd-





to the canim. It lasted but a moment. It was‘ several days later that Dan,

The next wave tore this refuge from with others, had gone to a camp on one

him and he found‘himself without any of these errands. There had not been

support in the water. Instinctively he fiSh enough to pay. for all they received

fought his way toward the shore. When and Dan had surprised the cook by pay-

the next wave struckhim he floated f0r_ ing the balance in money. Usually the

Ward, but his strength was almost ex— Siwash begs for 511011 favors, 13“ Dan

hausted. He felt that he could no longer would listen to no such plan. “I pay) for

struggle against the water. Suddenly what I eat,” he ins1sted, “Ct without

his foot struck sand. Exerting his splen- pride. .

did physique, he made a powerful effort Alice, who had qulte recovered from

and the next wave found him far enough the effects of the storm, stood by Dan’s,

so that he could resist its outgoing power. canim WhiCh was 501“? distance from

Tightly clutching his burden, for he the others. “Say, theres a good looking

had not once thot of releasing his hold klOOCh'” she heard someone 5&3"

on Alice, he struggled to a place of safety Turning slightly, she saw four or five

and sank exhausted upon rthe ground. loggers on their way to the camp. She

Only a moment did he remain inactive. tried to appear as if she had not seen

Looking about him 'he saw where he was. them. -

Lifting the unconsciOus girl in his arms “She’s good lookin’ enough to kiss,”

he started for the village of Tyee George. continued the same voice, “and I’m goin‘

In his haste to get help for his charge, to do it, too.”

he did not notice, until he had entered The girl paid no attention to the re-

a large tent built of green boughs and mark or to the passers, thinking that

decorated with flowers, that anything they would not molest her if she re-

unusual was taking place. The crowd of mained quiet, but before she was aware

Siwashes, the long table laden With food, the great broad-shouldered fellow stood

told ’him that Tyee George was celebrat- at her side.

ing a Potlatch, the festival of giving. The black eyes gazed at him in sudden

Some of the guests noticed him and fear. Surely a white man would take no

soon all stared at the intruders. Tyee such liberties, she thot, but'even while

George himself came forward and gazed the thot still hovered in her mind the

keenly at the young man’s face. “Kla- coarse face was lowered to hers, the big

owya Skookum Dan," he called. “And hand was placed under her chin. The

the 'maiden?” he inquired. next instant a stinging blow fell on the

Dan briefly stated how his companion man’s face from her Open hand and he

had been injured. His fear for her was straightened Up With a jerk.

ex'ident, . “Now come along, Mike," called one

.Tyee George called two of the women 0f the other men. ”YOU got what you

who .took the girl away where she might deserve."

receive the necessary care. Dan was But Mike had no intention 0f “coming

led to the fire and a third klooch soon along.” The opposition only strength—

brot him a steaming broth. The guests ened his desire. “Oh, ps‘haw!” he1

and other members of George's house- wheeled. grinning. “I’m goin’ to have

hold returned to their feasting at the that kiSS, SO stOD the fightin'.” He seized

tables loaded with game, fish, beef and her about the waist and then she heard

biscuits of every description. something come down on the big bully’s

_ After a time lthe host himself joined head and felt his arms release her.

the young man, who then gave a, more Dan, with flashing eyes, stood facing

complete account of his adventure. the white scoundrel who made a spring

“Youth should listen to the advice of at him, but one blow from the young

old heads,” declared the chief, “but it halfbreed's fist sent Mike sprawling across

ended well;" a shrewd smile passed over the boat into the water.

the aged face. “The blood of 'the'father Dan turned to .where he had left his

probably acted in the son. Once, too, provisions and began loading them into

Long Macdonald ventured out in just the cani'm. Alice'hastencd to help him.

such a storm~and if he had not I would By the time that the big Irishman had

not be here tonight to welcome his son. pawed his way from the water they were

So we must not scold.” ready to leave, but Dan did not hurry.

One of 'the Women who had taken Mike gave the two a sheepish glance and

charge of Alice entered and made her sneaked after his companions

way to them. “The klooch has recov- Alice's eyes rested in shy admiration

ered,” she announced. “She seems all on the broad shoulders of her companion

well except the hurt on the-“head, and as they 'glided down the strait. The





 

 





THE.» MICHIGAN FARMER. , 1.... 239





51?.” All groceries now

,zfon u _PACKA.GE”





(VII r T

:Z-s _-_





 

 





/"





 





 





 





       





 





 





”“ch (/1 "h ‘ I



= l"! I l l ‘ ' I ' -



; ,1 I 5. n ' j MU“! {701/0719 lentil/ea,



ll ., Old Style Grocery Bins-é}



. ‘_,‘i;l"':w.-.a.w.,.....a.. lo Clo-am, page,

.l'msfigrocmes





goodsi

us, which insures cleanliness and correct





I

. .





5 | , “H uproot ocqy,l

w -1 s... --%~~::.ss-Wmiiw>





We buy our coffees, rice, beans, sugar,





and other groceries in original cases, sacks

and barrels, as they come from the \im-

porters, the refiners and the growers.



Then by the use of the newest devices in

Electric Automatic Weighing and Pack-

ing Machines, in our own great grocery

division, we put up these fresh groceries

into pails, boxes, cartons and packages of

various weights, from 1 pound to 25

pounds, fresh daily, ready to send out to

our customers all around the world.



No Human Hands Touch the Groceries

You Buy of Us at any time the groceries

are in our possession.



We Have Discarded Both -Bins and

Scoops. Machinery now does all the work

of weighing and repacking from original

cases into the packages you receive from





Every 60 days in the year we issue a.

complete and illustrated price list of gro-

ceries and bargains in various lines, at

lowest known. prices. It will save you

money on the very things you must buy

somewhere. You buy groceries often. Get

our newest Grocery List, look it over,

make out an order for groceries for your

present needs and for a. month or two

ahead and let us send it to you by freight.

If you do not find the groceries perfectly





 





satisfactory, better than you expected as

well as low in price, saving you 10 per





weight.



Our Groceries are Fresh, Pure and De-

licious. . .



They conform to the National Pure Food

Law. We are enabled to sell them to our

customers at wholesale prices because our

large contracts with the growers and im-

porters entitle us to wholesalers’ cost.





We Also Pack Our Own Fish.





We have . a large and completely

equipped fish cellar and employ expert

packers who put up in 15-lb. and larger

pails, the choicest mackerel, herring, white

fish and all the usual salt fish of the World's

markets. Our weights of groceries and fish

are not. “’e do not charge you for the

weight of pail, brine or package.





Send for Our Grocery List No. 604





of them as you have not used and we will

refund all the money you sent us, your

freight also, and will pay the charges back.



We Mean to Save You Some Money.



We will ‘do so if you will write new for

Grocery List No. 604 and send us an or-

der selected from it. Just write on a.

postal and say: "Please send me Grocery

List No. 604," and sign your name and

postofiice address. The Grocery List will

be sent free and postpaid. No. 604 :la a.

special bargain number. Be sure and. get ‘

it.’ AddieSs us'at nearest city, either Ka-n- '_





 





cent to 50 per cent, you may return such

Branch House





guitarist“ Montgomery





sas City or Chicago.





' -, Michigan Ave., Madison ~

ward & 0 and Washington Sts.

' culcnco .





 





 





that's not bad. She Wished to hear how eternal woman admires nothing more in



you are.” the man of her choice than a strong,

His anxiety relieved, Dan began to splendid body.



show the effects of his recentexertions Nor was Dan unaware of her glances.



and soon fell asleep rolled in a blanket Once he met her eyes and his own drop-





which Tyee George gave him as his gift pcd almost as quickly as hers. They





 





from the Potlatch. were both happy.

The next morning the entire company Two days later the party reached Van-

resumcd its feasting and good will pre— couver where they decided to stay a day,

vailed. or two and then take the steamer to

Dan wandered anxiously along the Tacoma.

shore and toward noon he found his It was Alice’s first visit to the white

canim where it had been tossed up by the man's city and it affected her intensely.

waves. Farther on he discovered his She did not care for the business part

tent and the most of his outfit. He of the town, but with Dan as guide she

examined the boat and was relieved to \Wllkml slowly down Westminster avenue.

see that two or three hours' work would I’ivr big dark eyes noted, with a strange

make it as good as ever. llcrco longing, the family groups gath—

It was long past noon when Alice aD- (‘l‘i‘d 0" (he Dnrches. A restless discon-

iwared. Her entire bearing indicated {out which was painful in its intensitv

that the adventure had tried her strong “wk INN-session 0f hm‘. These .





. womch

frame. Dan found an opportunity to (115- these girls had everything Clean homes l

r o o o ‘ V L,



('uss plans for Joining their party With checriul surroundings. 'l‘hev appeared





hol‘. “You must first rest well," he almost ilil‘fori‘lll beings than she and:

advised. the women of her world. Yet there was‘

“I think they’ll come here for us," she that within her (but Whisporcd that she,‘

ventured. too, had :1 right to Dussoss those things,l

“They may,” Dan assented. “They She. looked up at the man walking byI

should be here by this time, if they are her side. (‘oum he. could they two, make}





, ment ureau with Olllces in live cities is constantly





 

 

 





 

 





Most rubber footwear offered to the public today is trust

made. and the quality is taken out of it to pay dividends on

watered stock. The method is to take out a certain proportion

of puretubber and use "shoddy"(reclaimed rubber) in place of it.





CENTURY BOOTS





are made of fine Para rubber—the bestorubber produced in the world. But

quality of material is not all. Unless this material is rightly used you still

got; u oornrticlo._ It's the knowing how that counts. We use the bust

material and put, it together on a plan which experience has demonstrated

to be a success. In the Century Boot the duck vunips are made by

forcin high-grade Pam rubber into tho best, quality of cnnvns duck by power-

ful by rau ic pressure. We reinforce and strengthen this boot. in every way.

As a precaution against cracking at. tho ankle, we use an extra ankle rein-

forcement. of pure gum, while most others use n strip of cloth. Cloth is

cheaper. Century Soles are made from the toughest compound known.

and will outweur the soles of the average rubber boot. two to one. Hero we

reinforce again by running a strip of pure gum oil the way around the

edge of the sole, making a connection so firm and lasting that the solo

cannot become loose. The knit; wool lining in tho leg of the Century

Boot is softer more pliable, more durable than the ordinary friction

lined boot. ’I‘ho Century is the cheapest rubber boot. you cnn buy,

because it. is the best. Ask for tho Century, and insist on getting it.

All Beacon Falls Rubber Footwear is high-grude—tho best 101‘

the money ever time. If your dealer cannot

supply Beacon nlls goods, send us his name

on a postal cord and we will see that you

are promptly'fitted out. at. the‘lowest

pessible price, quulity consxdered.





The Beacon Falls Rubber Shoe Co. I

236-238 Monroe St. Chicago, Ill.

- Not. in a Trust





 

   

 

 

 





 

   

   

   

   

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

 





 

   

 

   

 

 

 





 





f

gusts" WANTED t3:gasses-.311???:3. Rider Agents Wanted

countr for'tralned Salesmen. Our Free EmDIOY= - in each town to ride and exhibit sam le

‘ 1909 model. ”"7123er Special Ufir.





Finest Guarmltot‘d’ a to $27





In touch with thousands of the best firms In the coun-

try. Let us prepare you by mail In eight Weeks for

one of these high grade positions. We have placed

hundreds of our graduates who had no former experience as ,

Salesman in good positions whore they now cum from $100 Ito

as high as $500 a month and expenses. It you want to enter

thin great field, write our nearest oflice today for our free Book,

“A Kuirht of tthrip.” Address Dept. 211), National Sales-

man's Training Association, Chicago, New York, Kaunas City‘

Minneapolis, San Francisco.





Best Rural Mail Box Made





1909 Models





$3311 Coasicr-Iirakcs and Puncture-Proof tires.

& 908 Models

all of best makes $7 {0 $12

., _ £15100 éSecgntfi-llland Wheel.

1 1 ma er an ma e x,

I . gum! ax new ............ $3 to $8

- Great Factor Clearin Sale.





We Ship 0n pprova without a

‘ rent defiant. pay the fright and allow





TEN DAYS' FREE TIP/Al...



. Tires. coaster-brakes, )artS. re-

_ pairs and sundries, hali‘usual prices 0 not

buy till you get our catalogs and oil'er. . er’tc now.





' MEAD CYCLE 00.. Dept. A7? Chicago





ABAHGAIN OFFER!





,,,;,g;n;; THE MICHIGAN FARMER





every town.





 





 





   





 





‘The Hessler \ ‘

Mail Box

Strong and storm-

proof. Made of

Steel. 18 inches

long, 6% inches '_

diameter. Cover ’

self-closing and self-

latching. Signal and brass lock

and key. Send for circular.

H. E. HESSLER 60..

506 ll. Sum 81., mucosa l. I.





 

 

 

 





 

 





 





 





 





AND THE





 





 





 





coming.”



“Maybe they found firewatcr again."



Dan’s eyes rested qucstlonlngly on her

face. He, too, began to remember some,

suspicious circumstances of the previous

day. For some time he was busy ar-

ranging his thots. “I guess you are

right,” he admitted slowly. “If they have,

it will be a day or two before they come.

We will wait.” Dan’s eyes told his ad-

miration for her shrewdness.



Her surmise proved correct, ‘_ for late

the next afternoon the little fleet .reached

.1he'island. Early the following day the

party resumed its journey, for they must

hurry and must ‘catch fish to trade for





‘4- . .—





a homo something like this? .



Poor Dan read some of the discontent:

in her face, for had he not lhot the same

ihois? Had he not resolved long ago

that he would never be content with the

simple hand-Io-mouth existence of the

Siwash. To be sure, his dreams had not

led him to build his castle in Westminster,

avenue. i



That evening he took Alice for a walk'

down Cordova street. This was possible,<

this had appealed to him, the clean walk,;’

the small porch, the white curtains at}

the windows, the neatly carpeted sitting-

room of which they caught an occasional

glimpse. This, by hard work, he could





I





 





DETROITSemi-WeeklyJOURNAL





 

 

 

 





 





3 ,

VT"; °L° REL'ABLE" ‘ BUT T0 JANUARY 1, 1910,$1

, F o R o N L v

Send all orders to

The MICHIGAN FARMER

“ DETROIT; MICH.

STANDARD SINCE 1840 i





g When writing to adver-

For-1.19:1: 2; illzfiufsgzrgtlszzlerc tisers please mention the





 





 





 





R. E. DIETZ COMPANY. NEW YORK lMichigan Farmer.
,_.¢u‘ -.._, - < < .





240 (so





accomplish. And with Alice there, wait-





ing as these women were waiting for

their men, he could work. His strength

Would do all.



They spoke but little. When they had

returned to the outskirts where the party

was camping, the girl raised her dark

eyes to his. “I want to live like that,”

she said vehemently. “I want white cur-

tains, a stove to cook on and a little

chair that rocks."



He met her gaze with equal earnest-

ness. 1. don't want the camp or the

rancherie either,” he answered. "We'll

work hard this season, pick the hops,

save our money, come back here and I’ll

get work and we’ll get a home, too.”



Alice had lost part of ‘her clothes in

the storm and the next afternoon Dan

took her to an unpretentious drygoods

store where he told her to buy what she

needed.



“But I have no chickaimin,” she ob-

jected.



He smiled. “I have some,” he assured

her.



The woman who came to wait ‘on them

was a kindly dispositioned person who

took an interest in the tall klooch. She

led the girl to the shirtwaist and skirt

department where she helped her select

a cheap but neat serviceable brown skirt

and several waists. Then she had Alice

try them on while she went to another

department for a belt and some collars.





When they returned to Dan his heart

gave a joyous bound at sight of the girl.

He was glad of her white blood for no

full-blooded klooch could look like that.



The saleslady smiled kindly. This

broad-shouldered, dusky giant and finely

formed girl attracted her and she was

pleased at the satisfaction in his face.



“Now we must have a hat," he said,

after he had paid the bill.



"Wait just a moment,” requested the

saleslady. “I’ll give you a note to the

lady who sells hats in the next place, and

she‘ll find you something nice.” She

could not allow her work to be ruined

by the addition of some parti-colored

monstrosity.



Both Dan and Alice had noticed the

dress of the people in that part of the

town which they had visited the previous

day and neither cared for the highly col-

ored head covering affected by the other

women of their party. The plain brown

straw with its brown silk bow, which the

saleslady in the millinery establishment

showed them, met their approval.



The other women had learned to leave

Alice alone, but that hat was too much

for their fortitude. They called it a

cultus (poor) affair, and the dress was

too plain for a young klooch. Neverthe-

1055, there was that ”limit the entire

costume that even to them gave to the

girl a peculiarly distinguished air. And

the next morning when they boarded the

boat more than one white passenger no-

ticed the trim figure.



She and Dan sat apart during the voy-

age, watching the scenery or talking in

low tones of the little home which was

to be established after the hop-picking.



One little serpent entered Alice’s mind.

She noticed that Dan would take a drink

of whiskey with the others. He had

never been intoxicated in her presence,

but he showed the influence of the liquor

and a love for it that worried her. She

had gently remonstrated with him and

he had been careful until they reached

Tacoma where, in some way, the men

again procured the stuff and he had

not been strong enough to resist.



Poor Alice! All the pleasure that she

had expected to take in looking about

the city was gone. ”When Dan, the next

morning, offered to take her for a walk

she almost refused. llis pleading eyes

prevailed, but she was listless and much

of her former interest was gone. They

walked on and on and she took no notice

of the homes they passed. At last they

faced the waters of the sound and they

sat down to rest.



Something about the place reminded

her of her old home. She had lost some

of the dislike for it. Perhaps after all it

was to be her lot. If this man willed

to go back she should go with him, for

he was more than the little home they

had planned.



She moaned in the intensity of her mis-

ery, and Dan, knowing well the cause,

resolved that she should never suffer so

again, but he could not tell her of the





resolution. Gradually she grew more

cheerful.



“Which way is Puyallup?” she inquired.

“Toward the noond'ay sun,” he an-





swered, at the same time pointing toward

the south. .



“And we'll be there today?”



“Yes, this afternoon, and tomorrow





THE MICHIGAN .FARM—ER





we'll begin working for that home," he

added. So the planning was resumed.

“And you think we‘ \may have a chair

that rocks?” she inquired.

That question occurred at least once

in every one of their talks, for had she





not seen the white mother rocking her,





babe to sleep in that enchanting piece of

furniture? , ~



“The chair that rocks sure?" he en-

couraged. “They don’t cost so much.

I asked; nice ones for three or four dol-

lars.



“I’ll work hard to earn that much

more,” she promised.



He smiled dOWn at her. “We must go

back," he warned presently. “It will

soon be time to go."



The next morning they were on their

way from Puyallup to the hop fields of

Hiram Smith who had hired the entire

party.



The work was new to Alice, but she

soon developed a proficiency that aroused

the envy of the other klooches. She and

Dan worked side by side and to labor

was no hardship. Then there was the

constant opportunity to observe the ways

of her father’s people. At the house

where they procured much of their pro-

visions was a girl of her age, Grace

Smith, who, to the Siwash maid, ap-

peared to embody all that she would like

to be.



Was it because of this admiration that

Grace in her turn was attracted? Or

was it because the white girl noticed

the romance of the two hop pickers, for

she, too, was living in the r y atmos-

phere of planning a new 'hom At any

rate she always smiled kindly at the

couple when they came to the house and,

if they were alone, she very often invited

them to the clean, roomy kitchen. She

soon learned that they spoke English.





One Sunday afternoon she led them to

the sitting-room where they met a young

man from town, and Alice understood,

but even more than seeing this other ro-

Imance did the clean, orderly, neatly fur-

nished room appeal to her. It was as if

that New England grandmother, who

would have been sorely hurt to acknowl-

edge the relationship, lived again in her

dusky granddaughter. The longing to

call such a room her own hurt in its

intensity. Then she caught a glimpse of

the white bedroom beyond.

only observe each article of furniture and

wonder if she, too, might at some time

own such things. The spotless purity,

the cleanliness of it all, fascinated her.

Surely it must have been the blood of

the grandmother asserting itself. -



For several days Alice had not kept up

her reputation at the picking. Each eve-

ning saw a decrease in her earnings.

Each morning she determined to do bet-

ter, but when evening came it was worse

than on‘the previous day. Dan tried to

help, but it was of no avail. She could

not understand herself. She tried hard,

for there were so many more things that

she wanted for that new home, but she

failed. She wondered at it all in a vague

manner. Her head felt strange and her

limbs were so tired. At times every-

thing looked hazy.



One evening she dragged her tired body

to the tents with the other pickers and

sank wearily upon her blankets. Dan

watched her anxiously. He had been

worried at her manner the past few days.

He fried some eggs and brot them to her,

but she only gazed at him with eyes that

saw nothing. Some of the other kloochcs

came to his aid but the girl turned

wearily.



Leaving her in charge of the others,

Dan made his way to the house to get

some milk for her.



mWhere is Alice?" inquired Grace.



"She’s sick, I think,” he answered.



“\Vhat’s the mattcr?”





"Don't know,” came the short replyfl

Then followed an account of the girl'sI





condition.



“Too bad,” sympathized Grace. “May-

be she’ll be all right in the morning.”

She went for the milk and did not forget

to add an orange.



It was a fine evening, and when the

young man from the city puffed up in

his automobile, Grace, in spotless white.

met him at the door.



Later the two strolled to the gate where

Grace, remembering the sick hop picker,

suddenly asked, “Have you your medicine

case with you, Robert?”



“W’hy yes.” His eyes rested searchingly

on her face. “Anything the matter?”

There was a tinge of anxiety in his tone

for there was much fever in the locality.



“Not with me; but you remember that

nice Siwash couple that was here last

Sunday? Dan came to the house about





WHEREVER THERE'S. PAIN APPLY AN ’





~~ LCO—





It I i .

Pain; in the Side

Allcockk Plaster: relieve promptly

and at the some time

strengthen side~ and restore energy.





 





 





Pains in the Back

Allcock': Plaster: have no equal.

Strengthen _Wenk Bucks

as nothing else can. '





Rheumatism in Shoulder .

relieved by using Allcock’s Plaster:

' Athletes use them for

Stiffness or Soreness of muscle;





Coughs, Colds, Weak Lungs

Allcock’s Plaster: act as a preventive

as well as a curative.



Prevent colds becoming deep-seated.





atestExf -

«arms are em“ Rem ~

"She ‘ Has relieved and cured thousands erP

Send postal with name and address to 274 Canal St. , N. Y., for book of testimonials.





 





 





She could ~





 





 





l,l=E_l__n_i_an.nililll§Qfl1£_gi;





At this price our “Gem" brand ready roofing. 108 sq. ft. to the square.

The best bargain ever offered. Only 3,000 squares for sale. No supplies

included at this price. We do not recommend the purchase of this grade;

read our wonderful ofler on the best roofing in the world.





Rubberized Galvo Roofing}





The highest grade Roofing covering manufactured. Guaranteed abso-

lutely equal or superior to any other kind manufactured. Positively

covered by a. binding guarantee that protects you in every way. You

make no mistake and are not gambling when you buy this grade. We

afilrn’ that no other concern anywhere can make you a lower price on

read) roonngs than we can. We have for sale a. large quantity of roof-

ing urchased by us direct from the manufacturers. It is the regular

gra. es made by them. It is not in continuous lengths to each roll. A roll

'of roofing usually comes in one continuous piece, but the roofing we

are offering is put up two to five pieces to oroll. That,of course, does

not affect the quality at all. In fact, some people prefer it, as it is easier

to handle. We furnish plenty of material ”so that. all laps can be properly

taken care of. We are not allowed to tel you the name of the manufac-

turers for confidential reasons. We are utting it out under our own

brand and name and are backing it wit this guarantee, viz: That' it

. will positivel lve as good service and last as long as any ready roofing

manufacturetl. gt there is any roofing better than this, we haven’t heard

of it. Our price 50% below what is usually asked for roofing of similar

quality. One ply, per square. $1.25; two ply, per square, $1.40; three

ply, per square,- $1.76. Our thirty—day offer at these prices means,





rREIGHT PREPAID IN FULLe-BY US,





rovided our home is within 400 miles of Chicago or East. of the Mlsgissippi and North of the Ohio Rivers.

'l’tates to oyther points on application. This freight-prepaid ropooltlon refers only to the Rubberized

Galvo Roofing in this advertisement, and does not include t e 60c per square roofing offered above.

Here is a roofing that is slate color, tough leather-like material. It. is made of a. combination of wool felt

and highest grade of natural asphalt. It is water—proof, lightning-proof and fire-proof. Water runs off it

as it does of! a. duck’s back. It will not taint rain water. It makes buildings warmer in winter and cooler

in summer. It is not affected by acids, alkali or gases. It has arubbery surface and on this account we

call if H RUBBEIHZEI) GALVO RO0FING.” It does not contain coal tar, resldlum, nor anything

that will deteriorate in the weather. The best grade of natural asphalt. known is used in its manufacture.

It will wear as long as the building stands, provided you give it ordinary care. It does not require a

coating after it is on the roof. It toughens and burdens with age. We furnish with each order sufficient

cement to make the laps, besides nails and caps to put it on. Anyone with an ordinary hammer can

lay this roofing. You can put it on over shingles without removing same. It is scientifically manufactured

to take care of the laws of contraction and expansion. It requires but little time to up It on your

roof, Two men can lay twenty squares a day. If. is appropriate for any klnd of a. uildlng, either

factory, dwelling, barn, store, church, etc. It is also used as siding or lining, especially the lighter

grades. It. is put. up 108 square feet to the square.





WRITE. FOR FREE SAMPLES .'





m les or send us our order direct. We will ship 0. O. D. to any point where a.

xggfléogliyzfif'grlgega‘li‘h :ccoinpanles the)V order. Balance to be paid when material reaches destination.

We have other grades ofrooflng, OM can supply your every want. Ask for our mammoth Illust-

rated free Catalog No. 9. . 9; 500 pages of bargains. Everything used on the farm. in the

office, the factory or in the home. Write for it today. Get our special prices on wire and fencing.





CHICAGO HOUSE WRECKING 00., CHICAGO, ILL. _





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Why Drive to Market Yourself





when you can’t afford to leave your work on the farm? With a rural

telephone you can talk to town at any time, making it possible for

a boy to go and attend to the details, leaving your time free for

other work.



The telephone also enables you to take advantage of fluctuations in .

the market and sell your products at best prices. But good telephone 5“ '-

servrce depends firstupon the quality of the apparatus installed and

Without good transmisswn qualities a telephone system is worthless.





plihSSFn'i’é RURAL TELEPHONES





have. highest efficiency and reliability with lowest maintenance cost. Our apparatus has high transmission

qualities over long as well as short lines and 15 used by the leading telephone companies of this country.

We have brought the rural telephone within the reach of every farmer, and with our Free

Bulletins before him a. boy can install and operate the system. Our telephones are guaranteed.

Cut outthis advertisement, write your name and address on the margin and mail it io-day so that the

Free Bulletins, which describe the entire plan in detail, may be sent you immediately.





\WESTIEEgRL ELECTRIC





   





 





Eastern Central Western , Pacific '

New York Chicago Saint, L0 is San Francisco

gggiggelphio Indianapolis $3353; 0 W Los Angeles

Pittsburg Cincinnati Dallas Seattle





Atlanta Minneapolis Omaha Salt. Lake City

76 Northern Electric and Mfg. 00.. Ltd., Montreal and Winnipeg

Address flur- Nearent House





 





 





 





an “hour ago and said that Alice is sick.





 





 





va





 





 





 





 





- N‘MUV. _.





‘1‘ “12%“





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FEB. 27, 1909.

.5-

I remembered it. Maybe you can do some-

thing for her. If you don't mind," she

added hesitatingly. ’



The doctor smiled down at her. He

knew her unfailing interest in all human

beings. That was What had first at-

tracted him in the rather shy, thotful

girl. “Will she let me?" ‘he inquired,

still smiling.



He took his case from the car and they

walked toward the tents. Probably a

little tired,” he remarked. “She did not

complain Sunday. She appeared to me

to be a remarkably ambitious person for

a Siwash, or even for a breed. It’s been

quite warm for the past three or four

days.”



But when he saw the girl tossing on-

the blankets his face grew grave. He

sent all from the tent except Dan and

an elderly klooch. Grace pouted slightly

when he ordered her out with the others.

Quietly, skillfully he conducted his ex-

amination. When he looked at his ther-

mometer, anxiousfurrows showed on his

forehead. He: prepared the medicine and

then he asked Dan if he had a watch.



(Concluded .,.next week).





MR. WARD’S ADVICE.





 





BY MARGARET WHITNEY.



“Maud, I wish you would not undertake

so much work by yourself,” said Mr.

Ward, one morning when he‘was finish-

ing breakfast. “I must ’get the oats

ground ready to plant just as soon as I

can, and after that I’ll take a few days

and help you finish the cleaning myself.’

“If Mrs. Hunt had done as she agreed

to, I’d be done before this,” said Mrs.

Ward. “She promised to help me till 1

got thru and when her neighbor, Mrs.

Lewis, asked her to help with some sew-

ing she forgot all about 'her promise to





me. I am going to finish the two front





rooms today and then I will be more than

half done."



"Can I do anything for you before I

start to work?". said Mr. Ward as he

left the table.



“Yes,” said his wife. “I have the tacks

taken out of the two carpets and would

like some help to get them into the yard.

We will move the furniture into the hall

first."



“If you would listen to me you would





'get some rugs to take the place of those





heavy carpets,” said Mr. Ward as they

were dragging them into the yard. “I’d

be glad to get them for you and dispose

of these heavy things.”



“Why, Thomas Ward, do you suppose

we are going to sell these good carpets

and buy rugs?” said his wife. “They

are nearly new and will last for years.

if we sold them to the secondhand store

man it would be almost the same as giv-

ing them away."



When thelofiending carpets were dis-

posed of on the line, Mr. Ward started

for the field and his wife proceeded to

get the children ready for school. After

they had gone she went to work on the

two rooms. By dinner time she had one

room ready for the carpet and 'her hus-

band aSSisted in bringing it in and put-

ting it in place. The furniture was to be

moved in at night when the other carpet

was to be brot in.



“'hen Mrs. Ward had tacked this car-

pet down and finished cleaning the second

room, she thot she would turn the one

in the yard and beat it on the wrong

side. It was a heavy Brussels and in

lifting it she hurt ‘her back so badly

that she was forced to lie down on the

carpet. While she was lying there the

telephone rang several times but she

c0uld not go into the house to find out

what was wanted. V’Vheu she was able

to rise later On and walk slowly into the

house the operator could not tell her who

had called her up.



All she could do was to lie down and

let everything wait until Mr. Ward should

come to the house at supper time. About

an hour after the telephone rang she

heard a buggy stop in front of the house

and almost immediately the door bell

rang. The door was open and when she

managed to get close enough to see who

was there she recognized the daughter of

a cousin who lived in the city and with

whom she had visited several times.



“\Vhy Aunt Maud,” said the girl, whose

name. was Jessie Hardy. “What is the

matter? Are you sick? Didn’t you get

my letter?”



“No, I am not sick but I hurt my back

a while ago. Sit down and tell me about

the letter I did not get." said Mrs. Ward.

“:1 forgot to go to the mail box,” she con-

tinued, “and Very likely the letter is

there now. The carrier gets here about

one o’clock.”



Jessie‘ran to the mail box and came





QHE MICHIGAN "'FARME' " . R.‘





back with the letter that she had mailed

three days ago and which was stamped

“missent.” It had been sent to a town

bearing the same name in another state

and had just been returned. Jessie then

went on to explain that _when she" got

off the train and found no one there to

meet her that she had telephoned to ask

them to come for her. When she'got

no reply she hired a man from a livery

barn to take ‘her to her aunt's home.



“Father had to go south and wanted

mother and I both to go along,” contin-

ued Jessie, “but I had planned for a long

time to come out here for a vacation and

this was a good chance. I have had some

experience in cooking since I finished

school and if you will give me a wash

dress of some kind I will get the supper

and we can talk as I work.”



It was no use for Mrs. Ward to protest

for every move she tried to make was

painful, so she told Jessie where to find

a dress and what to ’get for supper,

which was ready by the time the. chil-

dren, Robert.and Lucile, came from

school and Mr.’ Ward from the field.

After it was eaten Mr. Ward put the

furniture in place in the cleaned room.



The next morning Mr. Ward started to

town to find someone to finish the clean-

ing and took the heavy carpet along.

When he 'came back he was alone, but

in place of the carpet had several rugs

and he said to his wife, “Now, Maud,

you may put these down where you

please. and when you are able to go along

we will get a rug to take the place of

that other heavy carpet you have been

struggling with for years. I will not be

sorry when you get over this hurt and I

believe this one experience will be enough

for you.”



“Well, the next time I clean house,”

said Mrs. Ward, “I will wait till I have

help, if I wait all summer, and if we can

not get rugs for all the floors we will

have them just painted. It is a lucky

thing that Jessie is here and that she

can cook for we would have very little

to eat if I had to prepare the food. I

see now that my accident might have

been prevented if I had been willing to

get rugs several years ago when you first

began to talk about doing so. But it is

better late than never and this one ex-

perience will be all I need.”





 





 





GRANDMOTHER’S BEEFSTEAK PIEW

!

BY MARY FOSTER SNIDEB, i

Cut about two pounds of steak into‘

pieces an inch square, and dust them with

salt, pepper and a little flour. Put them

into a shallow pie dish, heaping them in

rather high, that they may hold the crust

up then half fill the dish with water and

add a teaspoonful of minced onion. Put

a border of paste around the edge, brush

it over with water, and put on the cover

of paste, which should not be rolled very

thin. Brush over the pie with beaten

egg, prick it symetrieally with a fork

and cut a hole in the top of the crust.

Bake it in a hot oven for about an hour.

For special occasions cut leaves, etc,

out of the fragments of paste left over

and ornament the top with them. This

should be eaten jhot.





 





THE DIGNITY OF LABOR.





 





Many people are rich and their work

is done for them. The majority of us

work with our hands. The day will come

when the man or woman who works with

his brains alone will be considered onlyI

half educated. Many rich people workl

harder than many of the poor. Life is‘

like one great carpet, some of us weave,

the dark body threads and others put ini

the gay ones. The carpet must have the

body threads asthe world must have

Workers. They are the backbone of our

nation.



The washwoman does honorable work,

when she does the work thoroly. If you

do your work well, it shows the kind of

a workman you are. Some women think

they are paid to do work. They only do

what they are paid for. The woman who

gets ahead is not the woman who stops

because the clock strikes six. And yet

the highest efilcicncy usually follows reg-

ular habits of work. A. new program each

day wears out the body and overcomes

the spirit.



Our life and our character are affected

by the way we do our work. If we know

how to do our work well and do it in a

careless and slighting manner, that habit

grows quickly, and in time we lose the

capacity to do our work in the best way.l

You can dignify your work. If you are

ashamed of it, the work will not be done

right. We must do our work well, then

we can make our work and our life whati

we will.





 





 





 

 

 





 





 

 





The





The Queen of Fruits,





are the source of

the chief ingredient of





 





only Baking Powder





made from





 

 





 





A baking powder -man is giving a

globe with two gold fishes as a bait to

sell a box of baking powder. In a West

Virginia town they have been trying

to purify their drinking water with

alum. But the alulm killed the fish in

the ponds and the trouble was worse

than ever. Unless the housewife who

buys the combination of gold fish and

alum baking powder is careful to keep

them apart, she will probably, like the

\Vest Virginia people, soon find herself

with a stock of dead fish on hand. But‘

can she afford to use in making her

cake and biscuit a baking powder so

unhealthful that it will kill fish?





$2.50 a Month I





Buy: a Genuine





Kimball





At Fno'





Organs-g;





F Music lessons by

Tee our DIAGRAM srs- .

—-—’I‘EM. Plano Stool if

you write us at once.

You can now buy the -

famous Kimball Organs

direct from the makers at

factory prices. We will ~

send them to reliable people anywhere to be

paid for on our extremely easy payment plan

—82-50 lllonthl!’ and upwards ”desired.

Operating “19 llf'ilelt 0P8“! ftctory in the world, employv

ing the largest capital, buying raw material in the greatest

quantity for cub—tho Kimball Iyltem of manufacturing

and distributing positively saves you $20 to $50 on

strictly first-class organs.





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





If you want an organ at nil, you want a good one, a more

pretty can with no music in it will not do. Secure at once

the old reliable Kimball Organ at Factory Prices and

pay on convenient terml, and get Free our new Diagram

System 0! Selt-lnflruction in niulic, with which anyone can

Inn: to pin. In short time.



Send oday For Fioney=Savinz Plan and



Days’ Free Trial Offer.



Under no circumstances can you afford to huyfor consider

any other organ until you have our monoy-uvingproposition.



Our half I. century's nmnufncturing experience; our

financially strong guarantee means much to you.



The most inexperienced buyer, a thousand or more miles

nwny, can deal With us no wisely a: the uhrewdelt trader, or

no though you were here in per-on, for your organ will he

"looted by an expert. A fine stool and music book free with

each organ. erio D Y lor Free on. o no





TO A l g .

W. W. KIMBALL 60. 197 Kimball Hall, Chicago, Ill.





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





Safety Razors 3

FREE





:* To quickly introduce the celebrated Ideal

s Shaving and Complexion Soap which beauti-

, s' fies, removes pimplol. blotchee and all facial

.~ eruptions, leaving akin suit a clear& to prove

what we claim is true, we will send a box

01 5039 together with the latest new improved

Safety Razor outfit in a fine handsome





case all complete for shaving. ABSO-

@ LUI‘ELY FREE to any one answering





 

 





 





this advertisement at onre & enclose

i lOets. silver or stomps to help pay box-

ing. packing, mailing. etc. Address.

The American Soap Worko. 95 Chamberu 80., N. Y. City.





[Ml-l. STONE "an” “IVER DISEASE





Write me ALL about it}

Address EDW. C. COVEY. B. 5. Lansing, Mich.





 





Will tell of a. cure FREE.





WESTERN OAIIAIIA





More Big Crops in 1908





60.000 settlers from the United

Stem in 1908. New Districtoopened

for settlement. 320 acres at land

to EACH SETTLER—IGO free

homestead and 160 acres

at only $8 per acre.



“A vast. rich country and n eon-

tcnted. prosperous people." Er

tract from correspondence of 5

Kansas Editor. whose visit to

Western Canada in August. 1908.

was an inspiration.



Many have paid the entire cost

of their farms and had a balance of from $10

to 820 per acre no a result of one crop.



Spring and Winter Wheat. Oats.

Barley. Flax and Pens are the prin-

cipal crops. while the wild grasses bring

to perfection the best cattle that have ever

been sold on the Chicago market.



Splendid Climate. Schools and

Churches in all localities. Railways

touch most of the settled districts.

onyx-ices for produce are always

80 . Lands my also be purchased from

Railway and Land Companies.



For pamphlets. maps and information re<

gar-ding low Rnilwa Rates, 3 ply to Sup’t

of Immigration. ttnwn. mm. or to the

authorized Canadian Government Agent.





M. V. McInnes. 6 Ave. Theatre Block.

Detroit. Mich.: 0 Laurier. Mar-

quette. Mich.





 





 





 





K 7' "IE LARGEST AND BEST LINE OF 7 ‘





WELL DRILLING





MACH I N ER Y 1. Am...... W°



have been mak-

ing It for over 20 years. Do not buy until you

see our new Illustrated Catalogue No. 14. Send

for it now. It is FREE.





Iusiln Manufacturing 00., Chicago





A $400 Piano at Your Price





New plan—sold 53 pianos recently. To advertise my

piano business further, I will POSITIVELY deliver.

prepaid. with stool and cover. the above piano to R.

R. station of person sending me the highest offer

before March 31. Refer you to any Bank in Bloom-

field. l’lan. photos, etc.. by mail. WRITE TODAY.





;0. E. McCRACKEN,





Bloomfield. lndlnnn.





 





Box 20.





WA NTE DwGood trusty Farmer can find

steady work b addressing

A. BLAESS. Saline. iohignn.





WANTED—AGENTS to sell Farmer's Account

Book. Quick seller. exclusive territory. big

inducements. Simple. easy. accurate. Saves time.

rouble dz worry. Adar. L. L. Syphers.Ft.Wnyne.lnd.





ALEXANDER a DOWELL. At



iorneys at Law, 918 F. BL. Wash



ington. (Est. 1857.) Procure Pat-

ents and Trade Marks: Render Expert Opinions

on Patentnbility of Inventionsfifnlldity and Infringe-

ment of Patents: Practice In all Federal Courts.

Will send book 0 of Information on request.





1 ' —New Grange song book. En-

Palrons Prlde donned by O. S. G. Stirring

songs. Only 200. Geo. W. Armstrong. Lisbon. Ohio





 





 





 





 





 





Please mention the Michigan Farmer when

you are writing to advertisers.





 





 





a reliable firm.





 





BE A' SALESMAN





We will teach you to be an Expert Salesman in eight

weeks by mail, and assist you to secure a position with

Through our





Free Employment Bureau





the largest of its kind in the _world, yve have placed hundreds

of our Graduates in good paying positions. and always have

scores of good openings. Traveling Saiesmen earn from

31.000 to 310.0008 year and expenses. If you want to make

big money, fill out and mail the attached cOupon today for





   

 

 





our free book "A Knight of the Grip." Address our

3 nearest office. -' ‘9'

‘ Dept.2m_ National Salesman’s Training Association . ' a?

i I. New York Chicago San Francisco We . O“. '. 3,1,9

Kansas City Minneapolis Y - 90’ "
WEQNJ. an“... .. . . ...





u





,....; ..., 8,... L2,...





1: .. _. . ‘f'w- .





242 (so)

pares meals, washes dishes three times

a day, and makes clothing‘for her child-

ren is entitled to all honor. Half the

battle in any field} is to love the work

at hand and to have enthusiasm for it.

Do what you have to do today, and do

it well. Do not envy other people, but

be satisfied with what you have.



Every daughter should be inspired with

the art of housekeeping and feel that

when necessity arises she can do her

own work without feeling that she is

lowering her dignity.



Col. Agril. Col. MARY F. RAUSCH.





l





UNAPPRECIATED BLESSINGS.





 





In thinking of the attitude of some of

those who live on a farm, it seems to

me that the majority of us do not count

our blessings. I was not thinking of the

“money question.” We already give al—

most our entire attention to that, but to

those things which should add much to

the enjoyment of our lives—the little

things which are not appreciated. The

women on the farm look with envy on

the city housewife: never thinking of the

things which they enjoy that She does

not. Seeing the other day a line full of

newly washed linen hanging to dry in the

dust and grime of the city, caused me

to appreciate one of the commonest

things of our daily life, that of hanging

my freshly laundered household linen out

in the pure air and sunshine. I love

the smell of.clean, fresh linen. There

is beauty and health in every tuck and

fold. As they sway gent-1y back and forth

in the breeze, sunlight and air penetrat-

ing every fiber, “bacteria" dies a natural

death. Then think of our springtime

joys. In a few days you will be sowing

a small bed of lettuce. Don’t be afraid

to get down on your knees, put the earth

gently with your hands, pressing the

soil firmly about the seeds, for there is

an exhiliarating influence in the contact

of Mother Earth. A red bird alights on

the fence, watching you work, putting

his head on one side in his pert, brisk

fashion, criticising your work severely.

In your mind’s eye you behold great

bunches of tender lettuce, sweet and

crisp to the core, which pleases palate as

well as eye. Your seed safely planted

you indulge in a short walk in the mild

sunshine, and spy the swelling buds on

your favorite rose. Ah! it is like greet-

ing an old friend, and if your ear be

finely attuned to the voice of Nature you

will catch faint whisperings from those

swelling buds, telling of the coming

beauty which will be yours in the future.

YOJJ walk on, noting the lovely green tint

spreading over the land, and you draw

long breaths of the pure air, so full of

revivifying power. Yonder are some

lovely fern fronds. You take them home

to decorate your supper table. The

brook, with all'its witchery, is calling

you. Pay it a visit, forget the pile of

mending awaiting you, and listen to its

pleading. One such spot on a farm will

add numberless moments of pure happi-

ness to your life if you will but pause a

moment to take in its beauty. Sisters,

our lives on the farm must needs be

busy, and disappointments will come, but

“Loss and anguish are only the beat



or Wild March rains that bring the



sheaves,

And a wind of Heaven will woo our feet





 





 





To vales of peace in the harvest eves.”



We can do so much if we will to ele-

vate the tone of farm life. Let us learn

to love our work. These humble country

homes can be made as full of refinement,

its inmates be as appreciative of Na—

ture’s loveliness as those who live in

grander homes. “'e who live in dear

country homestcads possess precious

memories, do we not? \Ve must attend

to the useful, the ncedful, yet let us

not “Grudge." Let us not be blind to

bursting bud. unfolding. leaf. (lease en-





vying the city housewife, and let the1





loveliness of the land, the bounty of this





great world, pervade your spirit till

your work ceases to he :1 tiresome bur—

den, and you look on it as a privilege.

Nature in all her exquisite color and

form will lead your aspirations towardfi

peace and beauty. l know there are

.moments of great stress and anxiety on

a farm, but let us not ignore the charm

of “God‘s great out—ot—doors.” Our jour-

ney toward the “sunset land," must needs

be at times up hill, over stony places,

yet the blue sky is above you, pure air

about you, and green grass and wayside

flowers will greet you. In the words of,

another, let us “be brave in peril, con-‘

stant in tribulation, temperate in wrathfll

and in all changes of fortune, and down'

to the gates of death, loyal and loving,

one to another.” l



Antrim Co. Mus. C. E. JACKSON. 1





 





 





THE "MICHIGAN FARMER. I , ,FEarmr-m





The Telephone, the Trolley and'

the' Rural Mail Delivery bring you

everything yOu need from the city . ,. ,

except ‘ ~ §lfi





entertainment





By entertainment we do not mean that'which you obtain from books, magazines or » i

pictures. We mean the kind offered by the theatre, the concert or the opera. ‘



You get such entertainment occasionally, but you go a. long way for it, you. pay a.

good price for it, and you often find that it is not'worth the time, the price or the effort



You work in 'the country and it is usually long hours. The time you have for enter—



. tainment is short, or-at least made up of short intervals. ,



At night, for instance, there is an hour or two between supper and bedtime. You can

go out; you can go to a. neighbor’s or you can go to town. 2



But you generally go to bed; not that you need this extra hour or two of sleep, but - ‘

because there is nothing entertaining, diverting or informing that you can enjoy without f

more effort. than you care to exert. ‘



If at such times you could put on your slippers, light. your pipe, lean back in your

chair and listen to good music, a good song or an amusing story, wouldn’t it. be worth

while P



That is the idea back of the Edison Phonograph. It collects the songs of the best

singers and the music of the best bands and orchestras and spreads them broadcast through-

out the homes of the country.





- e EDIS ON

PHONOGRAPH





is a wonderful thing. It seems commonplace because it is no longer new, but it does wha.

no other instrument does. It carries the talent of the world’s greatest artists into the home

and places it at the disposal of whoever cares to listen.





1:”

i.

l.

3

‘,

‘





 

 





‘3‘.’ .





 





 





 





The Edison Phonograph is Mr. Thomas A. Edi- The dealer in the city where you trade will

son's development of the sound-reproducing idea gladly demonstrate the Edison Phonograph if

which he invented. It is made under his personal you will call, or send you a catalogue giving

supervision and has the benefit of all of his im- styles and prices if you write.





Provement§- . ' We will send you this book free

Among its excluswe advantages are its inde- on request





structible reproducing point which never needs . . . . . ‘

to be changed; its long—running, silent steel A home is a home whether 1t 15 in the Clty or .

' the country. We have prepared a handsomely ,3





sprin motor most essential to brilliant work' , .

its segnsitivé cylinder Records, famous for’ illustrated booklet called ‘ The Edison Phono— -





their sweetness and richness of tone and for graph and th? Home.” It tells what the

their faithful reproduction of a singing voice or Phonograph brings into a home—y our home

the notes of instruments; its large, spe— We Want Good Live Dealers to ' 3‘

cially made horn, which brings out every sell Edison Phonographs in every 7 !

note 01' “(301.3; With gratbforcl End 01:11" town where we are not now well repre- ‘ 3

"935; an 1 S new m 6T0 8001' S: sented. Dealers havin established



playing twice as long 35 the regular stores should write at onci to



Edison Records and offering selections i

heretofore impossible because of their

length.





 





National Phono‘graph Company

157 Lakeside Ave., Orange, N. J.





 





 





 





IACGEST VEHICLE FACTORY IN THE WORLD





Tan s-runznAKnn PLANT covnns 101 acnns





and that’s what the prudent man wants when he buys a vehicle or a set of harness of any kind—something



that will last and give absolute satisfaction in every day‘ of its life. You can’t afford to run risks. You can’t



afford the false economy of “cheap” wagons or “cheap” buggies or “cheap” harness. If the Studebaker in bet-



ter you want it—-and you can see that it’s better if you will only examine it. Superior materials and superior

workmanship makes superior quality.



Examine for ourself the materials used in the Studebaker.

see the Studebaker Dealer See how well zhe Studebaker is made—note the light draft

of the Studebaker—and you’ll not wonder that more Studebaker: are sold than of any other make. See for yourself.

If you don’t know a Studebaker dealer we’ll be glad to send you his name. Mention this aper, send us two cents

in postage and we will mail you free Studebaker’s 1909 F armer’s Almanac, containing, “In klahoma,” Cyrus Town-



. . i. " send Brady’s inspiring story

of pioneer days.





Studebaker Bros.

Mfg. Co.





South Bend, Indiana.’





.4).

Mr? ~-

39 “”9443:

I ' ‘2"





A

_v





 





 





When writing to advertisers don’t fail to mention that yqu saw their ad. in the Michigan Farrmer





i" ' .. )7 » . — <-



. g! . i s .~ - ._ . _ , . :~.-.- , .

' . .‘ i. . '. ' .V r f ‘ I . h l

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) .





 





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"'L‘w mfg-03:». :





 





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’ ‘ FEB. 27, 1909.





‘ GRANGE i





' Our Motto—“The Farmer is of more

consequence than the farm, and should be

first improved."





 





 





 





WHAT HATH FARM ORGANIZATIONS

WROUGHT?





 





What a. furore the fact of a Country

Life Commission created! But surely its

appointment and work resulted in an

awakened rural consciousness. People

had plodded along as if we had no such

great thing as rural life when, presto,

everybody began talking about' it!



The fact that you can cut a bias two

ways of the cloth has been clearly de-

monstrated, too, in all the discussions

pro and con. Extremes have met. The

seamy side and the bright side of farm

life have both been held up as if each

was the only side. And yet the two

make a whole in nearly every neighbor-

hood. The half only is told where alone

the privations, the inconveniences, the

mental barrenness of the sixteen-hour-a-

day life is depicted. Only the other half

is seen when rural homes are pictured

as being redolent of ease in luxurious,

steam-heated, electric-equipped, palatial

residences. It requires both to strike the

character of the more numerous medium

farm homes.



Perhaps no one article on the farm

life question was read by more people

than the page editorial in a prominent

woman's magazine for February; 1,100

farmers' wives and daughters in one

county, it alleges, were asked to give a

frank opinion of farm life; 956 answers

were received, it is said, and the major

part of them breathed with scorn of their

country living. The man of the house

was charged with being the chiefest sin-

ner and the cause of most of the hard

conditions. He was accused of utter

indifference, in. the majority of cases, to

the comfort and convenience of women

in his home. If true, it is a terrible

arraignment of rural mankind. True, it

may be in isolated cases, but that such

is a fair view of average farm home rela-

tions it is hard to believe. Would 956

farm women, out of 1,100 in any Michigan

county, for instance, denounce their home

life because they toiled as slaves and

could not get Ordinary con‘veniences to

lighten their daily tasks? Rather, have

not men and women in our rural social





associations, by precept, example and

observation, come to learn a “better

way?”





Beginning outside, changes have also

invaded the home. A town woman, in

an institute this winter, asked a farm

woman if she covered milk to keep it

properly. “I do not keep milk,” was the

serene reply; “it is separated at the

barn and the cream sent‘ to the cream-

cry.” The fact in this statement is but

one in a train of changes that have been

coming rapidly into even the humblest

farm homes. The cream separator, wash-

ing machine, carpet sweeper, gasoline

stove, hot and cold water systems, bath-

room and lawn mower have followed hard

upon the heels of the binder, mower,

‘tedder and power engine. These are not

luxuries but necessities, that go with

working and living in the ideal of the

common farmer who belongs to farm or‘

gunizations or lives in communities where

they exist.



It is safe to assume that the magazine

above referred to did not secure its data

from Michigan farm counties.



*JENNIE BUELL.





OUR GRANGE FIELD.





 





. Our Grange, being founded on brother-

hood, has a field as wide as the world.

Every flower and every grain field are

for others as well as ourselves. We en-

joy sharing them. But 'men must be ed-

ucated to know their rights and brave

enough to defend them, or they still have

none. We pity before we defend. We

are slow to espouse another’s cause,

where intellect and courage are both

lacking. It took years of agitation be—

fore we liberated our slaves. We did it

then for humanity’s sake. Have we any

white slaves to liberate? Look at the

slums in our towns and cities.



So you see our thot for others’ uplift

gives us a wide field. Yes, it is the

same field our best motives occupy. And

I’m not afraid of politics in the sense or

intelligent discussion of measures. Let

us work in a non-partisan way for a

good cause. I’ve no sympathy with the

Prohibitionlst who found fault with the

local option movement, the other day,





 

 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.’





and said, “My party will never get into

power." ,. Put good things to the front

and never mind party. I care not so

much for my party if its principles are

made into law. .A Chicago banker said

at a recent banquet in Detroit, “The

United States has the largest gold re-

serve ($900,000,000) of any nation in the

world and the least effective.” He ad-

vocated a measure in the interest of all

the people, viz.: a. central bank of issue

only, with directors representing all parts

of the country. That’s along the line of

brotherly love. He cannot too closely

study primary principles. . .



And so We multiply instances of field

work in our Grange. A higher and more

hopeful ideal of life would encourage

many disconsolate ones. Patrons, we

have not made our field. We have just

dropped into one already made by our

Creator. A well—read library of high-

class books would help us to be the real

heroes of life stories-we lead. They ought

to strengthen our good resolutions to

make the best of our situation. Our field

is, the world. Ella Wheeler Wilcox has

said: “To sin by silence, when we should

protest, «makes cowards out of men. The

world has climbed by protest. Had no

voice been raised against injustice, ig-

norance or crime, the inquisition yet

would serve the law and guillotines de-

cide our least disputes. The few who

dare must speak and speak again to

right the wrongs of many."





POMONA MEETINGS.





 





Charlevolx County.





Charlevoix Pomona Grange met with

VViison Grange Feb. 11. In spite of the

cold weather and long distances. which

some were forced to travel, over 100 were

present, nearly all of when; were Pomona

members. As Charlevolx Pomona has

declared its intention of sending 500

Patrons to Traverse City next December,

the program was largely taken up by the

ofiicdrs outlining't'heir plans for the

year. Worthy Master Ward explained

that while he wished a constant effort

to be made to gain new members, special

effort would be asked in work .for the

re-instatement of former members. The

officers of Pomona will make visits to the





different Granges thruout the year.

Special attention will be asked of sec-

retaries in the collection of dues. The





lecturer asked the full co-operation of

all members in his line of work.



The Grange pledged itself to use its

best efforts to secure local option in the

county this spring, advocated the teach-

ing of manual training in the public

schools, also the elements of agriculture,

pledged itself to work with the Pomona





.offlcers in securing 500 to go to Traverse





City next December. Thruout the pro-

gram, music and recitations were fur-

nished by Wilson Grange; this Grange

also supplied a genuine Grange dinner

and supper. After initiating 13 in the

fifth degree the Grange closed to meet

with South Arm Grange in April.——Glenn

M: Dubois.

Lapeer County.





Lapeer Co. Pomona met with Almont

Grange on Feb. 3 for the first meeting of

the year. After a short business session

at which a resolution was presented and

concurred in asking for a joint meeting

of the County Teachers’ Institute and

Pomona Grange in the near future, dinner

was served. Immediately after the fifth

degree was conferred on four candidates.

Bro. E. A. Holden, of Capital Grange,

gave a talk on co-operation which was

well received. The Almont team then

gave the first degree, in rhyme, in a very

impressive manner, after which the new

officers were installed by Pomona Dele-

gate M. W. Judd. This was a pleasing

feature of the afternoon and showed

much thot and study in the preparation.



The evening session was open to the

public, and the fact that the opera house

was filled shows that the public knew of

the treat in store. The principal address

was given by E. A. Holden on “The

Grange as an Educator.” “The County

Road System” was discussed by C. B.

Scully, of Almont, who declared it to be

a sound business proposition. The pro-

gram was pleasantly interspersed with

recitations and vocal and instrumental

music.





 





Helena Grange, No. 676, located at

Alden, Antrim Co., closed a very Suc—

cessful years’ work with the last quarter

of 1908. Ten new candidates were in-

structed in the four degrees, making now

about 80 members in good standing. A

very nice installation ceremony was per-

formed Jan. 27, in which the following

officers were installed: Master, Wm.

Chapman; overseer, T. H. Paige: secre-

tary, J. L. Maxon; treasurer, John Rus-





sell; lecturer, Mrs. . L. Maxon; chap-

lain, Mrs. Wheeler; steward, Geo.

Baundy; ass’t steward. Roy Armstrong;





lady ass’t steward, Marjorie McFarren;

gatekeeper, Seymour Evans; Pomona,

Maggie Baundy: Flora, Myrtle Kitchen;





Ceres, Ruth Armstrong. Bro. Henry

Lasher and wife. of Mancelona Grange,

were the installing ritual. No ritual





was used during the entire ceremony, all



being given from memory, after which



a very nice report of the State Grange



was given by Bro. and Sister Lasher.—

. Paige. -





 





COMING EVENTS.





Pomona Meetlngs.

Kent 00., with South Lowell Grange,

at Alto, Wednesday and Thursday, March

3 and 4.





 





F FARMERS’ cums}





 





 





E

. L“





 





Address all correspondence relative to

the organization of new Clubs to Mrs. W.

L. Cheney, Mason, Mich.





 





WHAT MIGHT BE EXPECTED OF THE

YOUNG MAN OF TODAY.





 





Paper read at the Associational Meet-

ing by B. Scully, of the Berlin and





.Almont Farmers’ Club, of Lapeer Co.





In appearing before you on this occa-

sion, the Sixteenth Annual Meeting of

the Michigan State Association of Farm-

ers’ Clubs, I wish to express myself as

considering this one of the many pleas-

ures of my life, i. e., the meeting and

mingling together of the sturdy tillers

of the soil for exchange of intercourse

for better knowledge and moral uplift-

ing of the conditions of the farmers of

this great state, MiChigan, my Michigan.

You undoubtedly are wondering what

stress I am going to put upon the young

man of today. I wish to state frankly

and candidly that I do not intend to

shoulder all the responsibilities and bur-

dens of this great commonwealth of ours

upon his untiring, mental and physical

anatomy, then let the older generation

go scot free. No, not I. I am not a

believer in Dr. Oslers’ theory, that the

human being naturally becomes demented

and practically useless at the age of 60

years, and ought to be chloroformed.

Many of our greatest statesmen, scien-

tists, philosophers, college professors,

etc., never received any particular no-

toriety until they had reached about the

above stated age. Therefore, it is good

judgment on the part of the young and

middle-aged class to secure as much of

the knowledge of our fathers and grand-

fathers as we are able to put into prac-

tical use in these modern times. It may

be truthfully said of those Who are so

bigoted or conceited, that in this golden

age of American progress, amid the great

strife of competition in all classes of

business, he that can learn nothing from

his fellowman's experience will soon, if

he has not already, become a back num-

ber in the annals of life. I think this is

more forcibly brot to our notice in the

agricultural districts among our brother

farmers, than any other occupation.



How often we find in our older settled

districts, where the people are compara-

tively well-to-do, there being no excuse

on their part for lack of finance, but still

that lack of energy in tidiness and ap‘

pearance is manifested on all quarters,

such as stagnant water holes in yard

or near dwellings, stones and rubbish

scattered about yards and down lanes,

fences lined with stone piles and scragly

growingr bushes. usually some dilapidated

out-buildings, house and burns in a grim

rustic nature, prone to decay for lack of

a few dollars’ worth of paint and a little

time to apply it; and, perhaps, last but

not least, the, what should be called

lawn, has not been mown, and may be

entirely absent of those beautifying fea-

tures such as a few shrubs and orna—

mental bushcs which would add so much

to appearances. I am proud to say that

from my observations in the more newly

settled districts these conditions seldom

Occur, and that public buildings, high-

roads, etc., are built and maintained with

as much or more pride and zeal in many

of our northern counties. with an approx—

imate vnlun'tion from five to eight mil-

lions of dollars, in comparison with our

central and southern counties, worth up-

proximatcly from 16 to 40 millions of

dollars. This is absolutely true in regard

to good road building. With the excep-

tion of \Vayne and Kent counties, the far

greater mileage of good roads that has

been built since the establishment of the

State Highway Department, (and by the

way, I believe this department to be

doing fully as much for the improve-

ment of country conditions as any state

department since its establishment), has

been built in the north central and north-

ern counties. What is the cause of this

state of affairs? I believe the age ratio

per capita to be less in these districts

than in the older, more thickly populated





and much wealthier counties of the

south. If this be true, it at least par-

tially explains the situation. For the





young man of today with the many ad-

vantages over the older generations, such

as advanced knowledge in all classes or

business, but particularly of agriculture,

with access to, and the free distribution

of literature in bulletin form, from our

Agricultural College, also the U. S. De-

partment of Agriculture, by which, from

careful thot and study we are able to





(31) 243

procure much useful knowledge from ex-

periments, and thru the carefully kept

records of the numerous exp‘riments

conducted under the supervision of our

professors and scientists, of the various

branches of agriculture, and animal in-

dustry, of these noble institutions of which

we are and ought to feel so justly proud.

It can plainly be seen that at present

perhaps more than in the past, the

younger generation, with a firm and

steady stride, will shoulder more and

more of the responsibilities of running

the great wheels of this vast universe,

and they are amply prepared for manag-

ing the questions of the day, from the

plowman to the statesman, in a much

more able manner than in the days of

Thomas Jefferson or Abraham Lincoln.

We no longer live the life of our fathers,

but on the other hand, they are en—

dcavoring to 'live many. of the examples

set by us. The updo-date farmer of

today is no longer termed as lhayseed,

numbskull, whatnot, etc., but on the

contrary, is looked up to and considered

as good an advisor as a man of any

avocation in life.

(Continued in next issue).

-"_——--— I" ‘

CLUB DISCUSSIONS.





 





Hold Memorial Meeting.—The February

meeting of Ingham Co. Farmers’ Club

was held with Mr. and Mrs. Taylor at

“Lone Oak Farm,” and was observed as

a Lincoln Memorial. President Ives

gave some personal reminiscences, Mrs.

W. H. Horton gave a paper on the “Home

Life of Lincoln,” Miss Winfield read

“Why Should the Spirit of Mortal be

Proud,” and Miss Elsie Taylor gave a.

recitation. This, with suitable music.

made an enjoyable program. We also

had Judge Ostrander, of Lansing, with

us, who talked upon “Legislative Power

as Regards Corporations.” A resolution

was passed endorsing the Work of War—

den Otis Fuller, of the Michigan Refor-

matory, who used to be an active mem-

ber and is now an honorary member of

this club. The committee appointed to

see about stationery in view of club pub~

licity have done their work and had the

paper ready for sale. It consists of com;

mon square paper with the regular club

heading and list of officers on the front

page and on the back a directory of club

members, giving the name, postofllce ad-

dress, farm name, telephone number and

any special line of work. This is put in

pads at 250 each and is a great conven-

ience to say the least, as it has been

hard work sometimes to know just who

the members were. Also, we have yearly

programs. The March meeting will be

held with Mrs. Haskell and the township

unit school system will be thoroly dis-

cussed. The lndies' subject will be “Rest

and recreation on the farm,” led by Mrs.

MarshalL-Mrs. J. E. Tanswell, Cor. Sec.



Another Lincoln Meeting—The Berlin

and Almont Farmers' Club met at Fair-

view, the spacious home of Mr. and Mrs.

E. C. Hallock, for its regular meeting

on Feb. 10. Seventy—four were present

to partake of the usual good dinner. In

taking up the regular order of business

the club opened' by singing America,

after which Rev. R. H. Monroe led in

prayer. The roll call was answered by

quotations from place cards on which

were sayings of Lincoln, or what others

of note had said of him. .



Appoint Legislative Committee.—Under

the head of new business the president

appointed a legislative committee whose

duty it is to keep in touch with the State

Legislative Committee relative to pro-

ceedings in the legislature, either bene-

ficial or detrimental to the farmers of

Michigan. The committee are: James

R. Hamilton, L. F. Chandler, and George

NIcsscr.



Resolutions.—Alnasmuch as such bills

have been introduced in the legislature,

Therefore be it resolved that we, the

Berlin and Almont Farmers Club endorse

a bill relative to subjecting all cattle in

the state to the bovine tuberculosis test,

placing ‘Jhe same under the control of

the State Sanitary Commission. Pro-

vided, that since it is for the public

benefit, we demand that the entire cost

of the test should be defrayed by the

state and condemned animals unfit for

meat or milk production shall be paid

for by the state. according to appraisal

rendered on a basis for beef and dairy

purpclses.



Be it further resolved, that we express





our attitude toward the bill introduced

by Rep. VVhelman, of Shiawassee Co.,

relative to dispensing with the State





Highway Department. Thus, that we be-

lieve said bill to be a scandalous dc-

nunciation toward our efficient State High-

way Department, and fully realizing the

benefits that may be derived from such

a State Department we would urge our

senator and representative from this dis—

trict to exert all honorable efforts against

the above mentioned bill and toward the

continuance and maintenance of the

State Highway Department.



Be it furt'her resolved. that we endorse

the bill providing for an annual license

of not less than ten dollars ($10) on all

automobiles owned or run in Michigan.

The amount received from such license

to go for the benefit of good roads con—

struction. The above resolutions were

unanimously adopted. Then came the

program, which consisted of songs,

poems, readings and sketches paying

highest 'tribute to our honored and roar-

tyred president, Abraham Lincoln, on

this hundredth anniversary.



The club gave Mr. and Mrs. Hallock

a vote of thanks for entertaining the club

and adjourned to meet with Mr. and Mrs.

L. F. Chandler the second Wednesday in

March—Mrs. C. B. Scully, Cor. Sec.
, our our ' rule cou‘no‘N

mo. liliEI. smug; cuisine.





Gentleman-r have clipped a coupon iron:





TH: ”ICHIGAN fARM‘R

and want you to send no a full-sized One Dollar .

pooh-fie oi Vitae-Ore for me to try. I will not

pay you one sinnle penny if it does'not ‘

benefit nae. I am to be the indie. The

followin‘ is my address. to which trial

package is to be sent, by mail. postpalds





   

   

   





 

   

 

   

   

 





   





 





 





 





 





 

 





 





   





We Do the Rest. Not New, ButTrue





Get your scissors or knife and cut out the coupon. DANIEL WEBSTER once said about a certain

Write your name and address iainly on same and political idea, “There are lots ofnew thin about it '

mail it to us. We do the rest. his is all we ask. all and lots of true things-the trouble is the N W things noohf a” H. Had Kld “g! and [Ivor Troubl.

welneem‘u {gri'gve ustfivant to tho-ow thlart you nee‘dtit a‘rl‘le not THE?!) and thebTBtgfithgigs are plot Nfiwg‘; , '

an w us w on comes you. you wan o ere sno ngnewa on re. rec-you ave ea

write a letter. telling us something about your case, of it before-you couldn’t help hearing ofit. Its name “hull and Bronohlns! Bl" n” "0' “a" “uni

we will be glad to receive it and read it carefully, has appeared in this paper, year after year. You APALONA, {Nu—1 feel 11-, m dut to tell what Vita-

but on don’t need to unless ou want to, for the may not have read our otter, nor answered it, but you Ore has accom lished for me hot t 8 last twenty years‘

COUTON TELLS IT ALL. on don’t need to send ought to have done so. Our ofl'er in this advertise- I have taken a lkinds of medicine but at no time received

any monel don’t need to send any stam s, for the meat. the claims we make for Vitae-Ore, the argu- more than 8. slight tem rm, relief. Tum ears 0 I

trial in d' ova EXPENSEuNOT YO as. We ments we give, are not new, but IT 18 ALL TRUE. wok t t e t f 9°f “3' be I 88

believe in Vita-Ore and are willingtoback our belief You have but to write, to send for it, to direct that d m m]? rolm 01118 d? e H "

with OUB MONEY and don’t ask you to believe until it be sent to you-and it is sent to you. NO QUES- 0cm“ at ‘30 0 d. n 3-09- e

on have seen, until on have felt, UNTIL YOU TIONS, NO ournnmno, NO noun. u on examined mean gaveashis Opinion

NOW. That’s the {ind of remedy Vitae-Ore is— want to ay {or it, all right. If you don’t, 0U thatlhadLiverandKldne! Troubl

that's the kind of people we are. If you want to try DON’T V1! TO. Enough are SATISFIED, Oatarrh and Bronchitis. l was a

such a remedy, if you want to deal with people who enough want to pay, ENOUGH DO PAY to make that time taken with a severe pain

don’t want your money unless you are benefited, if Vita-Ore’s tame grow flom'i‘eartoyear like agreeu- in my back which be diagnosed as

ou want to get cured without waste of mono? and bay tree, and it is because I IS ALL TRUE. Your Rheumatic Lumb 0. I doctored _





 





   

 





 





   

   

     

   

 

 





   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 





n the shortest possible time, USE THE 00 PON fellow readers who have lent for a pack and with him continua ly and persist» .’ \

TODAY and start the treatment which your neigh- tested it have proven this. ITS HISTORY 8 AN ently for five months‘ time gettin

hers and thbusands otothers have followed tosuccess. OPEN BOOK and all will iind it ALL TRUE. relief for only a very short time, 3115





 

   





 





gave up hope of ever getting well

, ‘ again. Vita-Ore was recommended

no matter what the trouble may be. if you need to me by a friend who had used it,



help. if you want help. HERE IS A CHANCE ands he of it very highly. Ji pro-



, FOR YOU. How can you. in Justice to yourself cure a, full treatment, and began .



and your family. your friends and those about you. refuse to accept? How can you refuse to be helped lmmedlately to use it, accord us to .

to the help you want? WE TAKE ALL THE RISK! Read our trial otter. and mail the coupon today! directions. As a, result, my suii‘ering is now a, thing of the ,

East. and ma cure is a permanent one. as this occured

fteen mont 3 ago. during which time I have felt as well





I I as I ever did in In life and continue to feel so. I an

s u ffe r e d - 1 o 000 forty-four years 01 . My wife also has reason to praise it

’ I s I s u r as strongly as I haveishe having been cured by its use of





a Stomach Trouble. conscientiously believe that Vite-





 





   





 





   

 





 





 

   





 





   





 





 





D eat h S a ' '- 01'9““ ”Vlad my life. Josnrn L. lineman.

s - , . .

moiorad 15 Years will: ll Doctor: for Sionaoh, V , . _ _ p ., I An A 'd 1'0 Nature

ANT ' . “do... ‘ iron ‘17 '. drfulth th eco’ r ture.th

"ea", Kidney and Female Troubles. “gs-Wore. enzggfilloNpagodla;stuclili:t'inuous t313$$¥gflg natural fgfc (3:13:51? :83: on the [33:157. 3” {11:31:35, thinning? o:





   





 





- . . Sleeping. to recuperate from exhaustion. to eliminate ~what has

DAWSON. Texas-I bless the day that I sent for a gggiwfifi":ggg‘fi'gfifiggdfig gm: ".2 if dfifi‘Ig‘g'mY: , served its bur-pom. to supplant decayed tissues with healthy





- ,_ material. to supply new strength and energy for that which has

trial treatment 0' Vim Ore. for my health is better word “0m you asking (0" It. and 'Wfll be 8 d to send It to been expended. Ittis the same vital force that is at work in all‘





 

   

   

   

   

   

   





30" than 1‘ has been 101‘ years. I have sufl'ered ‘30 on. We take absolutely all the risk—We take all chances. f 1- m l th h 1 -



l . . bot tabl im 1. (I

long and so much for fifteen years. at times almost cu don't risk a pennyl- All we ask Is that you use v.-o. for ‘ $13.33...- tegmnca: 1:3 $313133??? thanqxhgeeeconggfyagf ngtula'lg"

death. I had consulted and doctored Wi‘h no less 0 days and ay us $I.oo if It has helped you, If on are sstis— for it is truly "management without loss or waste." Audit is an ,-

than eleven doctors during that. time. the best that led that it has done you more thsn Shoo wo h of positive. economy which is not parsimony. for nature gives nerously for





   





001110 be had in this “6131”. bill; I islble m Otherwise ‘ on . nothin we ask all the normal'dnties of life. when her generosity s not abused.

they couldn't help me at 8-11- Each 13%;; we wag"; nothing. Can )yoa [atygpgre 1:0. minutes But it is an economy. which like all other economies. must

one treated me for a. difl'erent 311- during the next 3° days to try It? on you not give 5 minutes ‘ have all its workings in perfect harmony. and is of little value

ment and none seemed to make to write “I. It. 3 minutes to properly prepare It upon its when there isaLEAK somewhere. when there is a DRAIN which -





out just what m trouble really arrival 1303 minutes each day for so days to use It. That unnaturally_depletes the resources. Its usefulness is impaired

was. Some 53" “i was Female Is all it, takes. . Csnnot you give me minutes time If ltmeans, ggeinnx%$§;§:§ gzfifgmt‘gg’gffi“; fifeigggtgifihfnggg s1:





Trouble and I was therefore 0 I" new health new strength ' new blood new force new energy -

i h b t l .

ated on for same. but 80'5 no ’9 ief- vigor. life ahd happiness? ' You are to be the judge. We arc “h twhfifihgbcoelti1350cgold{goggl-Ltsliagtggtgéifgfid Sgggby some

I then doctored for Stomach, satisfied with your decision. sre perfectl willing to trust to abnormal manifestation. is proclaiming her need of assistance

Rheumatism and Heart Trouble our honor. to your udgment, as to whe or or not V.-0. has Vitae-Ore steps into the breach as an eflcctive aid to nature. to

with the same disappointing re- neilted you. Res whet Viteoore Is, and write for It today. assist her in her Work of recuperation. to help whip rocroant

Bults. I suffered ten thousand . - ' - . forces and organs into line. to provide nature with materials she

deaittish Mthldneysldwel-to: ixfjt an _ demgnfis aug 'toolsushe li‘lieeds in her reconstructive work. As all

aw u x; t ey wou no 0 en. : ‘ - no . we rulse e s n on any partof the body. nature imme-

A o s lately starts hcr healing roces s. b t if th b1



sediment and blooclzutlJ :8:le giavxetsigigngghcelfisvgfig W H AT v I T ,E -. R E I ' 1 ‘.vitality low. if the proper grateriifls to: naturg’s xggkiiliéogzgrll:

my Heart would palgitate so terribly that‘I thought Vita-Ore is a. mineral remedy, a combination of substances the body. the wound heals slowly and complications may ensue—-





   

   

   

   

   

   

 





 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   





 





     

   

   

   

   





e. errible ain would start in m from which man . world's noted ours We springs derive help nature. and the work is speedily accomplished. Nature isa

l3 tth'ilpealhaddgglgown Itny left e and I would trot. medicinal power ind healing virtue. hese properties of, Effiggigfiggggifvaedoaimoit Wgndeflulartisan. me like of which

at the mouth like one in a. fit. I would vomit every the springs come from the natural deposits of mineral in ‘01,me but like 311°}; 63112:”? “feel; granule ”0 successluny 00“

day for weeks at a time and often could not retain . the earth through which water-forces itsflway. Gill!!! V91” work or‘ she cannot perform it. e 3 ”on": materials for he!

even water on my stomach. Two packages of.Vitaa- small proportion of the medicinal Substances in thesemin- : AS an aid to nature. Vitae-Ore is an ideal creation. It con-





   

 





Ore did more for me than 100.00 worth of the other eral deposits being thus taken-Iii) by the‘liquid. Vite-10m _. _ to s substances which.when the bod is in ill health. re



medicine I had taken. I fesei better than I have for consists of compounds Of Iron. Sulphur and Magnesium. byhllature for her work of recuperation. and in suppiyln§°§§3§

fifteen years, sleep like a. child, can eat. well and have elements which are among the chief curative agents in materials it promotes health in those organs upon which health in

gained in weight. now wei hing 147 pounds. I am nearly every healing mineral sprin and are nfioess {y f the entire bodylsdopendent. Wheneverthere existsanabnormal

mm; -three years old. periods are no longer the Creation and retention of'healt Chem :t. 7 symptom. Vitae-Ore assists nature to remedy the disturbance

pain ul although formerly t ey caused mesuch pain mineral. subatance. mixed with water, equa - c _ which causes it. Itis a vitalizing. tonic. healing. corrective and

that I vkm“; have to lie in bed; my kidneys now feel strength and curative, 11931113: Value mang gallons of the strengthenmg force that arouses nature to correct action in vital





. ~ functions. It acts always in a natural way. by assisting nature to

sound. I am forever trying to induce suflerers to world 5 powerful mineral waters drunk fres 8-15 the slim pmperw‘pefiom functions which are always rope,” rformed





Vita-0 a dthusre some of the debt of . '- 3 * ’ ' - ~ g ' , ' » .

332...... 133.2... ”a m m Roam _ For Boih Internal and External Ilse. , smash: sailistziiizilsmsfimJensenmph..





 

   





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8-89 .0

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' Rheumatism, or any Kidney, Bladder or Liver Disease, Dropsy, s Stomach Disorder,

IF YOU SUP F ER FROM Female Ailments, Functional iiesri Trouble, Colorrh of Any Peri, Nervous Proslrsiion,

Anaemia, Sores and Ulcers, Constipation, Piles or Other Dowel Trouble, impure Blood, or are not Run-Down or Worn-Out, send [or a

30-day trial treatment oi Vitae-Ore right away and see who! this remedy will do tor you. ADD [355 US AS FOLLOWS:





THEO. NOEL co., visors... CHIGAGO, ILL.