umumnntiimunmunslm A .y gIIIHJIIH - _.__———-—~——~—‘- i ‘ "Wm.”y}xflwywtmgmnuuununumnmmnmnml@L__|_m_u'ififiis_nifim:unmmm:gyunmaxnu:mnum:mmunun!umnumumurinmmmmnnu. — _EMF”:mnmmmmmuItuummummunummmmuIIImmmmmlmnummlmmmunnummummuImummmflfa rV_|_IlLlflfllilwfl-INHIHIILHHHHHHIHHHHHMIHIHHUHIIHW}IHHHIIll_lLlIlIIIllllllIIIIHHIIIHIIIIHHH:IIIIHHIIHHIIIIIHIIIHI|mullIIIHHIINHHNIIIllHHHHHIHHIHIHHIIHIIIHHIIHIIIHHHHHIIIIIIHHIMHHIlIIn!”HIMllNInfill"HIHII|llllllllNIH”NH“IIllIIIHHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIlllllllmlmllll"|lIIHIIIIHIIIHHHHIHllillllflmllu“ msz‘figfzbgg DETROIT, MICH, SATURDAY, APRIL 18, 1925 mo FIVE YEARS 83.00 mmIIn:Immn:ummmuifirfifi— 1 Wnuummumnmm.mun‘fifinleslvnllxllleifimiliinun—munmmmmmuunmmmmmMumImmmmummmmuuuunmanlnu1JmumnnmmlmnmImmIlmmmnnmunmmmmImmlmm fl,_.__.___A___ _ 18’0" ( _ _____ _..__.__._—._—_.._.__. __.____ ' 6&1 IIIIHIIIHILHLI {HUI}“LIIE'JLILHLHHIHHHVU“”HIHNWHHH‘I'IINH'NHHHHUHHIHIII“FI‘[IIIHIHHHHIIHHHHHIH1IIHHHIIHIIM_L IHHIHHHHHlllmmllIIHlllHIIHHHIIHIIIIIIIHIIIIllll[HIHIHIHIIHIIHHIIIHIHHHIHHHII d __.____________ my lllllIIIHIHIIHIIIIIHI I! IIIIIIIEHJIHIHII:ummll: IIHIIIIUIIHI'HNHll1IIIIHIHIIIIIIIIHHIIHIIIII ' unmuIIIIIIMfIIWTWIItIImIlnnfinfimfifififimlfiifim‘fid |IHHHIIIHIHHHIIII! Animal; are sac/z agreeafle fiz’ena’s—tfiey (1512 720 questions. 772631194” 720 crzfi’czkmsr—George E/z'oz‘. n1Immmnml‘uifinfif“:fih'unIhfilfifiimifiu‘xififfiififimfimfifiifillnllIntfiflfimifil”mumumfimiTliHTmmummfiififinmunmunnu’l‘mflfimm“ImmnummmnfimmmuuIumummuumunnmmnmmmmunmnmmImmunmlmmnmqlf7-1 . . 1 Hm: I umuumn 1 nuumnmnumuummmmmn llwxmmuunmmmunI:mumun.munmumnugnhnmmmummx‘J . i-. anything you have ever used. \ - GET ACQUAINTED with Koverflor 'If your dealer hasn’t it in stock, send us 33 1.40 for a quart or 75c for a pint can. Sent postpaid. State color desired: Cream, Spruce, Tile Red, Dutch Blue, Dust, Linoleum Brown, Ma— hogany, Green, Gray, Russet. A practical booklet on Kover— flor, which explains what this remarkable product is and does, Will be sent FREE on request. Amount Fnrlnsed Color Check here for booklet ........................... .__ Your dealer’s _ name YOUR NAME (7&1 ed about evcwwhcrc A A Unlike anyt you’ve ever used. The liquid floor covering applied with a brwh — Rain: hardest wear; Waterproof forany, WOOD on CEMENT floor ' INSIDE OR OUTSIDE KOVERFLOR is entirely difierent_fromv It beautifies and protects all floors, creating a fresh, wholesome surface—tilevlike in appear- ance—which is easily cleaned With a mop. it resists the most rugged wear and tear and is impervious to water, weather, 0i] and grease. ‘ t the elements of decay from at— uiltl’dglvh: flooring material. If your cement floors dust. Koverflor will stop it. It W1" also enhance their beauty and add to their value. STANDARD VARNISH WORKS \ San Francisco, Grand Rapids, London, Eng.” mud STANDARD VARNISH Co. of Illinois—2600 Federal St.. Chicago mm... Manufacturer MF-Ii .91. hing Koverflor is supplied in solid colors for any floor—wood or cement—inside or outside, Ideal for the porch. Also for cellars, garages. factories, stores, industrial and commercial buiklings, steamships, yachts, boats, etc. Par- ticularly effective for old floors. - i Economical. Easily applied with a brush- just like paint. Hardware and paint dealers sell it. If unable to obtain it conveniently, we ill su ly it direct. :For :factical booklet on Keyerflor, clip the coup on. 443 Fourth‘Avenue, New York \ Standard Varnish Works Products Mm are recognized as the world-accepted standards, the result-of more than 50 years of consistent quality maintenance. We want you to know more about them. If your dealer hasn't them, check below products you want. Enclose amount specified for small can. Indicate color where necessary. Send coupon to Standard Varnish Works, 443 Fourth Ave., New York. I] ELASTICA SPAR VARNISH The waterproof varnish supreme. Gives a lasting finish heretofore unattainable With a varnish for such general use. Small can . . . . . . . 50c D LACQUERETTE —Varnishes and stains in one operation. Light Oak, Dark Oak, Mahogany, Walnut, Moss Green. Small can . . . . . . 30c Color desired ...._.._...,_............._.._......_. E] KWICKWORK AUTO ENAMEL Apply today—drive tomorrow. Standard Green, Brewster Green, Standard Yellow. Cream Yellow, Gray. Tan. Small can, 65c Black . . . . . . . 55c Color desired ‘— ADDRESS 4 i RY a Michigan Farmer Classified Liner—4They cost little and bring big results. See rates on page 557.} SPECIAL SALE. Standard Bee Hives. One S 1‘0 A. G. WOODMAN C0., - . Q.” l] V tors. per pack of five hives. 8 frame. wood covers $9.60: frame, wood covers $10.35; 10 frame. metal covers $12.75. Send for special price listotsnbeesunplieg. DEPTLM. F. GRAND RAPIDS, MlCH. 'World A COMMISSION of international jur- ists are in session at Geneva, Switzerland, arranging a. digest of international law, which will later be used as a basis of a code which all nations will be asked ”to subscribe to. A famine among the Esquimaux in the northern districts of the continent has forced cannibalism. Relief is be- ing planned, Earthquake shocks have caused much suffering in the state of. Duran- go, Mexico. Old German marks will be worthless after July 5, according to a decree of the German government. The British government has estab- lished a. trade branch of its Depart- ment of Commerce in New York City. Because of terms asked by Ameri- can financiers on French loans, the French press declares that our bank- ers are “harsher” to them than to Berlin. President Coolidge notifies the Per- uvian government that his award as arbitrator in the dispute between Peru and Chile is final and Without appeal. The dwindling majority of the Her— riot government in France, has sud- denly regained its leadership through . its financial and tax program. - A riot of considerable proportions was occasioned by the presence of Lord Balfour of England at Damascus, Syria. Forty persons are known to have been killed in a typhoon which struck the Hachigo Islands off the southeast coast of Japan. Field Marshal Von Hindenburg re- fuses for the .second time to become the candidate of the Nationalists for the presidency of Germany. General Ludendorl' has also refused to allow his name to be used in this election. The world’s first aerial moving pic- ture Show was given in London this past week. German dentists have added enam- eled steel teeth as one of their ac- complishments. Na tio na/ OMMERCIAL aviation which has already attained prominence in . Europe, made its advent in this country last week when the first plane of air express landed in Chicago with two thousand pounds of freight from Dertoit. ”Postal receipts in fifty selected cities throughout the United States ShOW an increase of nearly six per cent over a. year ago. An earthquake shock was felt at Syracuse, New York, last week. Secretary of Agriculture, Jardine, listens to pleas for dissolution of the packer merger in Chicago. Senator \l'adsworth of New York re- fuses to act as the successor to Sec- tary of War W’eeks. President Coolidge declares that an understanding between the nations and industry is essential to the pros- perity of our great textile business. . Collective bargaining, public opinion, and legislation are responsible for the ishorter work day in the, United States, iaccording to the International Labor lofl’lce at \V'ashington.- 1.0eb and Leopold have been such lmodel prisoners that they have ad- ’Vanced to Grade B, and are allowed to converse with each other at certain times. Both Tyrus Cobb and Babe Ruth, the two great stars of base ball, are ill with the flu. Dorothy Ellingson, the San Francis- co jazz girl, has been declared insane, and will be confined in an asylum. State ONLY one home was spared in the recent disastrous fire at Chatham. Nobody was killed, but quite a few were seriously injured in their en- deavors to stop the fire. The $85,000,000 issue of Dodge Brothers, Inc., stock which was offered to the public was over—subscribed in less than an hour. The retailers of Grand Rapids are opposing the enlargement of the Leon- ard Street retail market, where farm- ers sell their produce. Brush fires are raging near Grand Haven and the resort section. Detroit is planning many super-high- ways to help relieve auto congestion. The Detroit United Railway is open- ing passenger terminals in the out- spirts of Detroit so that its cars will not have to travel to the center of the city. Rober Clagge, noted authority on flowers, died recently at his home in A Mt. Clemens. Twenty-seven Lansing retailers were arrested for selling meats and grocer- ies on Sunday. :1 ~ ‘ liead mShouBers ‘Abovegaltachers 7' W Pills? $39323: Post outsells all other makes so overwhelmingly -- . -' ‘ ,g‘ there must be a reason. There is. Not one, but g'gg many. I." The Red Top Studded Tee is an extra strong rein- ; forced post, very durable l and of finer appearance. It is easy and cheap to set and fasten fencmg to, there- fore making even 1ts origi- nal cost in the fence line very reasonable. With the One-Man Driver one man Gin drive 200. to 300 Red Tops in a day. Once in the ground Red Topsstay putz keeping stock, ours and your neighbors , where it belongs. Red Tops do away with frequent post replacements and fence repairs. They are cheaper installed and outlast at least two wood posts. -.v.-.-.-..- ...,...,..._ , — 1 .- mm:.mr.mmmam H'- .— a a d - ‘Mmifflwcttm am. I _,— ‘ ,.é,,-'-,,,'.J..-... . You Get These ’ . 4 Big Features in "' Red Tops Studded Reinforcing Rib \ Full Length of Post \ There is not a single hole ‘ l in this super steel post. Improvements don’t stop i there. A steel reinforcing rib runs the full length of this post, making it much stronger by ac- tual test than other types. Anchor Plate Attached With- out Rivets or Holes in Post A t needs to be espe- 2 ciallcysstrong at this place because here’s where the strain comes. T he_Red Top. is not weakened at this Vital pomt by punching holes in the post. The sturdy anchor plate is per- " manently united to the post by spreading the heads of two of the studs. Handy Fasteners With the Long Leg Here's a fastener that 3 never loosens up or lets ‘ go. The long log on the I. patented RedTop fastener wraps all the way around the stem of i the post and permanently holds the wire in place. One man With- out a helper attaches fencing to posts with this fastener. Pure Aluminum Metallic F inish—Baked-on This double duty finish 4 adds extra years to the life of the post by protecting the steel much longer thanthe ' paints commonly used in finish— mg steel posts. Red To With the Aluminum finish in esuch neat, attractive fences, givmg that thrifty, well-kept look to a farm and thus adding to its value. Red Top Steel Post Company 38-]. South Dearborn Street, Chicago » Red Top GUARANTEED Double Strength Studded Tee Steel Fence Posts MICHIGAN FARMER Classified Liners bring results. They cast little. ‘ _ ' ‘i‘Wv c ”an”... 4.. ..,_.._.....-w- M, m six". 3,: l, E. it l -..-a' r , h , hr .fi i..‘.‘:b'+'r;"< N; .k‘vfl- "f—‘s‘v'w A» ,._.A. ~~-—. - l V W i I 9 ‘»~ . ’ - Wv ... ,1..,_.,..~......,_, , .. W MICHIGAN , ===a===fl vow'ua cum PUELISflE MICHIGAN gfimg-K L". p WEEKLY . LAM [84-3. “ deR, £57145“ A Practical Journal for the Rural Family SECTION THE CAPPER FARM PRESS ' QUALITY RELIABILITY SERVICE NUMBER SIXTEEN orage Crops ReducePork Exercise, ”lamina and Inexpensive Food Lurk in lee HE use of forage crops for grow- ‘ » ing spring pigs is one of the chief factors in the development , of strong, thrifty, well-grown hogs and assists materially in lowering the cost of pork production. Young growing pigs need consider- able exercise in order that they grow strong stretchy frames with robust constitutions. They are then in a po- sition to make rapid gains until fin- ished with less danger of going off feed. Nursing pigs getting limited ex- ercise are very apt to get too fat, de- velop digestive disturbances and thumps, which usually prove a ser- ious check on their growth and thrift- iness. Pasture provides the exercise needed. Sanitation is another factor which cannot be overlooked if satisfactory results are to be obtained. Clean quar- ters, which are more easily obtained on pasture than in the barn or dry lot, play a very important part in the prevention and control of parasites and disease. Much has been written during recent years about vitamines. While the knowledge COncerning these vital con- stituents is still quite limited, it is known that all common forage crops are rich— in vitamines and it is thought by many that this is one of the chief reasons why all classes of animals us- ally grow and thrive so well on pas- ture. It is now thought that pigs need the addition of minerals to their ration to a greater extent than any other class of farm animals. The chief reason for this is that swine consume compara- tively little roughage. While it is ad- visable to let the pigs have access to a mineral mixture on pasture, this is not so necessary as when fed in dry lot as pastures are richer in minerals By W. E. J. Edwards Animal Hwbandry Dept, M. A. C. than are concentrates. There are many good mineral mixtures. One that is easily obtained, is inexpensive and gives good results is made as follows: Thirty pounds each of acid phosphate, finely ground limestone and salt, with five pounds of sulphur. A good grade of bone meal or bone flour may be used instead of the acid phosphate, in which case somewhat less limestone would be required. Pasture is a great protein saver. Green forage crops are comparatively rich in protein. Pigs on pasture there- fore need the addition of less of this important constituent to their ration than Where pasture is not available. This is important in reducing the cost of gains as protein feeds are, during most years, considerably higher in price than other concentrates. Labor is a big item on the farm dur- ing the growing and harvesting sea- sons. In many cases it is the de- termining factor. Feeding pigs on pas- ture reduces the amount of work to a minimum, especially if a self-feeder is used. There is then little work in feeding; the cot seldom needs clean- ing during the summer, and the ma- nure is distributed without any labor. The real importance of the above points is that they contribute toward and make possible the two big factors in pork production, rapidity of gains, and lower cost of production. Pigs will gain faster on pasture than they will any other place. This hastens them to an early market. Statistics covering a recent twenty-one-year pe- riod of the Chicago market show that the average price of hogs during Sep- Alfalfa Pasture Provides Ideal Condltions For, Rapid Gains and Low Cost of Production. Costs Pasture Lot tember was sixty-one cents higher than the average during October; $1.13 higher than that during Novem— ber; $1.36 above the December “aver- age, and $1.19 higher than the average during January. These figures show very clearly that factors, such as the use of pastures, which speed up the gains and make early marketing pos- sible, may easily make the difference between a profit or a loss. Figures on the cost of production will be given later in this article. It must be kept in mind that pigs will not do Well on pasture alone. Their digestive system is 'small coma pared with that of cattle, sheep and horses, and they should get at least one-half as much grain as they would eat in a dry lot. Full feeding is usu- ally recommended. Self-feeders can be used to advantage as feed used this way produce as much gain as if trough-fed. Blue grass supplies good spring and. fall pasture, but usually dries up badly in the summer, so should not be de- pended upon for the whole season. Alfalfa is unexcclled as a forage crop for hogs. The pigs should be turned in when the alfalfa is eight to ten inches high. This crop should not be pastured closely or the stand will be injured. To prevent loss of feed, cut the residue for hay. This may be done two or three times during the season. Trials conducted at the Michigan Experiment Station during the season of 1924, covering a period of 120 days, show that fifteen spring pigs averag- ing thirty-four pounds at the start on an acre of alfalfa, with shelled corn, _ tankage and minerals in a self—feeder, and water in an automatic waterer, made an average daily gain of 1131 (Continued on page 554). Getting Our Spuds 1n Elite Society Many Factor: A’fiet Me Qua/11y of Michigan Potatoey GREAT deal has been, and is being said at present, about the presence of immature stock and "Hollow Heart in Michigan potatoes. The investigations on our larger mar- kets in 1923 and 1925 brought out the fact that Michigan potatoes are more generally dark in appearance and pre- sent more hollow heart than the New York and Pennsylvania potatoes. Michigan potatoes this year, (1924- 1925 crop), are the best they have been in twenty-five years. Many buy- ers in Pittsburgh made the statement that the Michigan potatoes this year were brighter, especially the Russet Rurals, than the New York or Penn- sylvania Russet Rurals, but due to her past reputation, the Michigan potato has not won back her full confidence of the trade. There isn’t a. question in my mind, but what 1924 was one of the most exceptionally favorable growing sea- sons of the past ten years for potatoes, and the quality generally was much better than the average. In addition to this, the potato grading inspection work as promulgated by the L. Whit- ney Watkins, commissioner of agricul- By J. W. Weston Potato Special/in ture, in 1922, has been responsible in a large way for the more uniform pack going on the market. Appearance is one of thevmost im- portant factors in the movement of potatoes on the market. Jobbers and brokers say it ”makes ninety per cent of the sale.” It is a comparative term, varying with the season and with the price and demand of potatoes. Espe- cially when the market is draggy and slow, the bright, clean, uniform pota- toes, free from blemish, are first to move. From this we would understand that appearance depends on the maturity,” uniformity and freedom from defects. That is, the market wants mature po- tatoes that are free from excess dirt, bright, firm and whole skinned. -- Again, they want potatoes that are uniform in size. The size wanted for retail grocery trade generally ran from four to eight ounces, with a pref- erence for four to six-ounce sizes. Po- tatoes may grade U. S. No. 1 and still be very uneven in size, as often a sack will have potatoes that will vary from two ounces to sixteen ounces in weight per tuber. Many handlers of potatoes suggested that these over-sized pota- toes be graded out and put into sep- arate bags, ten to fifteen bags in the car, and then sold for what they would bring—usually ten to fifteen per cent less than the medium-sized potatoes— to restaurants, hotels, or for potato chips. The markets also want potatoes free from defects. Much of our grading work in the past consisted of running the potatoes as rapidly as we could over a sizing machine, several layers deep, so as to get in that full five per cent tolerance below grade for under— sized. More attention to grading was given when the fruit and vegetable inspection service of the State Depart- ment of Agriculture started their ed- ucational program in 1922 and the work has been going forward ever smce. Grading now includes both sizing and taking out the defects, such as, sunburned, forked, hooked, or digger- sliced potatoes, soft rot, dry rot, over- sized, hollow heart, (as far as possi- ble), prongy and extensively withered or immature potatoes. These seriously affected with scab, insects, injury and irregular shape. The fork prick, hooked and bruised potatoes constitute a large share of the blemishes, and come from the northern part of the state. More care in digging and handling will eliminate a great deal of this trouble. Over- sized potatoes can be materially re- duced by closer planting. This con- dition is found a great deal in pota- toes f1 0m central Michigan. Maturity can be InCI eased by earlier planting. Hollow Heart is a question still un- solved, but it seems to be more prev- alent in late planted potatoes and more serious on heavier or clay loam soils than on the lighter sandy soils. Earlier and closer planting is thought to favor the production of sound pota- toes, especially of the Rural type. A discussion of the best time for plant- ing will appear in an early issue. rmishoa Weekly Established 1813 Copyrisht ms The Lawrence Publishing Co. Editors and from" .163! Lafayette Boulevard Detroit. Mich“ ’ Telephone Cherry 8384 ‘ > Eiw roux OFFICE. 120 w. 42nd St. CHICAGO OFFICE nos So. Dearborn St. CLEVELAND OFFICE 1011-1013 Oregon Ave” N. E. PHILADELPHIA OFFICE 261-263 South Third St. ARTHUR carrnn . .‘ ........ . . . ........... President MARCO MORBOW ............ . ....... Vice-mt PAUL LAWRENCE . . . . . . . . . . . ...... Nice—President F. H. NANCE .......... _........ ........... Secretary I. R. WATERBURY............... ....... . ' BURT \VI'JRMUTH ........ . . . . . Assocmbo FRANK A. \VI LKEN ....... . . . . ......... ' Editors ILA A. LEONARD-oo-oololtiocoIIo-oo’no'vT I’M. CI! wrrigo ...... ........... ...... ohn . .............. . . . . . . ........ Dr. w. 0. Fair ...... ........... ‘g‘g” Frank A. Meckel ........................ . ‘ Gilbert Gusler . . . ........... . . ........... I. R. WATERBURY ................ Business Maxim TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION One Year, 52 issues ......................... . . .81500 Three Years, 166 issues .................. . ..... $8.00 Fin Yes rs. 260 issues .......................... $3.00 All Sent Postpaid. Canadian subscription 50c a your extra for postage. RATES OF ADVERTISING 65 cents per line agate type measurement. or $7.70 per inch (14 agate lines per inch) per insertion. No adv-'- tisement inserted for less than $1.65 each insertion. No objectionable advertisements inserted at any time. Entered as Second Class Matter at the Post Office at Detroit. Michigan. Under the Act of March 3. 1879. Member Audit Bureau of Circulation. VOLUME CLXIV ' NUMBER SIXTEEN DETROIT, APRIL 18, 1925 CURRENT COMMENT T has become some- thing of a habit A Week F with us in America to or give emphasis to cer- Forestry tain matters by do voting days or weeks to the thing we would promote. Thus we have apple day, flower day, moth- ers' day, clean-up week, etc., etc. By our devoting time to these matters we virtually acknowledge they deserve more attention than they are getting. So Forestry \Veek has been added to the list. No less a personage than the good President of these United States has added this week. The subject of this new enterprise is truly worthy of the attention of Mr. Coolidge. It goes to the very foundation of our civilization. Unless we do some real constructive work along the line indicated, future generations are going to have a hard time of if. President Coolidge realizes this. He knows the part this matter plays in making people happy and contented with their lot; and he knows also how handicapped and unprotected they are likely to be without: this natural re- source. So a proclamation has been issued from the \Vhite House. It calls the American people’s attention to f0r~ ostry work by setting aside April 27 to May 3 as Forestry Week. in some sections forestry protection week has been observed, but. we have not observed forestry building week. The first is vitally important, but the second step not only comprehends pro- tection to the remnant we have, but creates in us the hope for something greater in the future. The President says, “We must learn to tend our woodlots as carefully as we tend our farms.” This is a matter in which Michigan farmers in particular should apply themselves with boundless energy and skill. In every community there ought to be selected a sort of vigilance com« mittee to urge “public officials, public and business associations, industrial leaders, forestry owners, schools, edu- cators, editors, farmers and all other patriotic citizens to unite in the com- mon task of forestry conservation and renewal.” We covet for Michigan a generation hence, leadership in forest production. It can be done. No other step could more fully insure her industrial su— premacy and her agricultural security. We can take a long stride toward the i adminsfie - ; germ afilfiw .3. N the olden days industry was much decentralized. Most of the things were done in the home. Each « reof was its own clothing factory; each its own bakery, and so forth. Then came the age of machinery and people became special- ists. What had been done in the homes was taken over by factories. The next step was the consolidation of those various activities. Steel was made in Pittsburgh; live stock was butchered in Chicago; fur- niture was made in Grand Rapids, au- tomobiles in Detroit, fruit was grown in the west, and potatoes in Michigan. This centralization of activities was valuable in that it helped in making methods more efficient. But even cen- tralization has its handicaps. A prom- inent one is the freight barrier. Freight has kept the western apple grower from becoming rich; it is giving the Michigan potato grower something to think about. When potatoes are selling for twen- ty-five cents in northern Michigan and eighty—five cents in Indiana, does it not seem that one would be much more fortunate if he were a grower of good potatoes in Indiana than in northern Handicaps Of Central- ization Michigan ? ,, Diversification is the opposite of centralization. Industry is learning that efficient methods can be main« tained under decentralization or diver- sification, and that there is economy in it. The southern farmers are learn- ing that growing something besides cotton is a wise policy. And, we be- lieve, the Michigan potato grower is beginning to think that it will profit him better if he will grow more for home consumption than so much for uncertain outside markets. Diversification has made Michigan am a} better than mother stated". Likewise it will help the individual farmer in the state who is a cine-crop man to stabilize big farming operations and his income as well. HE farm is al- 5 fl. WRYS an interest- Bp' "g ing place in the early rings spring. No matter ””3 how serious the drouth in summer, how disappointing the harvests in the fall, or how discouraging the outlook through the bleak days of winter, when spring comes with its warm rains and the warmth from the sun daily increasing, there is renewed hope. All nature has lain dormant for weeks-and weeks. The world, in the country has seemed to be at a stand- still. The farmer has been well-nigh in hibernation, he has stuck close to the sheltering roof and the fireside. Then comes along April, and, in re- sponse to her shoWers and sunshine, all things in sight seem to come to life—the sap begins to rise, the grass springs green, the farmer gets out and sees his shadow and finds the air and sunshine good and delicious to stay out in. _ Just a few of these warm days and we see teams of horses tramping too and fro in all the fields about us, and hear the familiar hum of tractors as they pull the tillage tools or plows across the fields. Another season of work and hope is here. T the Agricultural The College about .1 fifty white rats are Whlte un d e r the manage- ~ Rats ment of one of the feminine sex who is giving them her tenderest care instead of jumping on a chair and lifting her skirts at the sight of them. - complish more. iii kind of diet was lively, and ‘giood’io " look at. Others had rickets, paralysis, eye trouble and other infirmities. “Well, what has that got to do with the metal? living,” you may ask. In reply I will say that it shows what a great influence food has on happiness and success. You will probably .an- swer, “Oh, rats! What has feeding got to do with us?” And I will~an- .swer that what can be done with feed- ing ratsican also be done with humans. Millions of us are, depriving our— selves of a full enjoyment of life by not knowing how to eat. We pay more, perhaps, for unsuitable food than that which we should eat, and pay doctor bills besides. At the same time we hinder ourselves in life’s en- joyment by the resulting nutritional disturbances. It is fortunate, however, that we now have research by investigators in food and nutrition, and this, with all .the educational work that is being given the young in proper eating, assures us . that the coming generation will be bet- ter fed than we are, and therefore will be in fit shape to enjoy more and ac- In the meantime, it behooves us to learn all we can about proper eating so that we can make more valuable and enjoyable our de- clining years. 'Annozmcemzmt: ELL, what you call Lent is over... i and the preachers is just got through workin’ hard tryin’ ta save folkses. They done pretty good but I come across some folkses what they ain’t saved yet. So, I’m goin’ ta work on what’s been left over by givin’ seV< en Syckle Sermons on the conduct 0' life. I know I’m undertakin’ a. tuff job, ’cause what is left must be tuff ta stand what the preachers said with- out winkin’ 3. eye. But if I save you, I would like ta have you write me at the Michigun Farmer offuce and tell BEAN HEARING NEXT WEEKhnesoIkinmakeyouaregularmem‘ N Friday, April 24, at 10:00 A. M., at the Kerns Hotel, Lansing, will occur the hearing on federal grades and inspection of beans. This is one of a series of hearings being held by rcp- resentatives of the Bureau of Agricul- tural Economics, of the United States Department of Agriculture, prelimi- nary to the announcement of federal grades for this crop. Michigan is a leading bean state. The production and handling of this crop are of considerable financial im— portance to her farmers and elevator people. For a third of a century, the grades and inspection work of the Michigan Bean Jobbcrs' Association have been a factor in the development of the Michigan bean industry. The grades and grading rules as worked FOR. That pro p o s e (1 federal grades combine the best ideas of those in the bean industry and include the best features of all existing grades. That uniform grades and uniform application of grades mean economy of op eration for all handlers of beans, therefore a narrow- ing of the margin between producer and consumer which would result in larger returns to the producer. That federal grades uni. formly applied will react to the benefit of every agency concerned in the production and marketing of beans. That proposed fed eral grades are practical and simple of application. It is important that representative, bean growers attend this hearing in numbers. Through two so-called Mich- igan bean growers’ associations, neith- er of which may be said to fully rep- resent the sentiment of a majority of Michigan bean growers, two factions out by this association are the product of long experience, and naturally can- not be lightly passed over in making the proposed change. In the April 4 issue of this journal the tentative grades and requirements as proposed by the Federal Bureau of Economics, were published. In respect to the beans grown in Michigan, these tentative grades differ only in a few, but perhaps important, particulars from the grades of the jobbers’ asso- ciation. Many arguments have been advanc- ed for and against these proposed fed— eral grad‘cs. In order that our readers may have a general understanding of the issue, we here set down the most tenable of these arguments as fol— lows: AGAINST. That the proposed grades are impractical of applica- tion to the economic hand- ling of the Michigan crop. That loading point inspec- tion by special inspectors experienced in the grading of beans is essential. That the Michigan crop has been well standardized to the best advantage of both growers and consumers by the grades and methods of inspection established by the Michigan Bean Jobbers’ Association, economy of handling considered. That proposed f ed eral grades will increase hand- ling and marketing costs to the disadvantage of the pro- ducer. of growers have been aligned on op- posite sides of this question. A good attendance of growers at this meeting is essential to clarify this situation and crystallize grower sentiment and influence in this controversy for the benefit of the industry. ber o’ my congregashun. Here’s my announcemunts: Happinussz—The only way ta get it is ta give it. Compensashunsz—Life always pays you for what you do. Thinkin’ : —The only thing what kin hurt me is myself; the only thing what kin help me is right thinkin’. Religunz— The religun What does most good is What I use in my every« day life. The Poisons o’ Life:—Hate, fear, anger, jealously, vanity, and etc., never done nobody no good at no time. Othersz—I should never care what others do ta me, but I ought ta be careful what I do ta them. Love:——It ain’t what most people think it is. Now, them ain’t the sermuns; they’d just the announcemunts. I’m goin’ ta. give one sermon each week and I ad- vise you ta read them just before goin’ ta. bed, ’cause you’ll be abul ta go ta ‘ sleep easy after readin’ ’em. I suppose they’s lots 0’ you folkses what will be pretty busy durin’ the next seven weeks and won’t be abul ta read these sermuns. But that won’t be my fault. These sermuns is just like medicine; they won’t do you no good unless you take ’em, and it makes lots 0’ differunce how you take ’em. Now, the only collectshun I’m goin’ ta take is the letters I get from you. And I ain’t goin’ ta ask you ta go ta. sleep settin’ up on hard benches, with other folkses lookin’ at you. ‘You .kin read these in bed, so you kin stay ta sleep and be comfortabul. HY SYCKLE. 12*.» ._. ., m _ “4-). _.._..- .1. =5: ‘|w_"‘hlm 9.5 ~ 4” «"MMM‘JY. , _._,,..,_,v___ A... -u «am—way-.. ' . .a’ ‘ . ~‘lw’-U _ war-v ..<- - ~w-v .M...» ”v. .. an 2.”... W... A...“ S F. O. B. Detroit Fenders 535 Extra Ready for Spring Rai'ms Crops, safely planted and in a good seed bed when the first spring rains come, are worth more money to you at harvest time. , k‘w .._ «c AW. :‘I'S‘v Well cultivated and cared for during the spring growing season, their worth increases rapidly. . $ 1 A m ‘3» A9213 Any Ford dealer will show you how the Even depth furrows , meanabettereeedbed Fordson S ready, dependable power can crowd into a few days the work which formerly has taken weeks. " v" » »-v~»m’d——-..~,—~—<‘; Q (2‘an 0W6 Detroit. Michlgen z _ hrdson power make. it easy or (15 on t, , I 1 W \'» . 3 j . . 4 — 1/ \fi“ __ “\Ygé/ I ' .4 v _ i V \ . ‘ my I; ‘ Sprinkling lime with Fordson and lime sower A‘uthorized Ford Dealer The profit Sta / WINNING sportsmen always keep in mind the old proverb, A good start is half the victory.’ ’And wise farmers do likewise— To start well-to show an increase in your income this season—you must be sure that you are using a fertilizer that will bring best results. Other farmers’ experiences will help you in deciding. Read the following, for example"— In Lapeer County, Michigan, Mr. T. G. Graham grew sugar beets on adjoining plots of muck soil. At a flat rate of $7. 00 per ton his yields showed that 500 lbs. of a com- plete fertilizer containing 18% potash produced $76. 90 more income over and above the cost of the potash than when the same fertilizer minus potash was used. In addition-— Mr. Graham’s experiment with sugar beets on muck soil showed that the use of 18% potash increased the sugar content from 11.2% to 16.20%-—a net increase of 5% sugar content. The Michigan High Analysis fertilizer recommendations for sugar beets on muck soils are 0-8- 24 and 0-0-50. Be sure that this 24% or 50% potash is derived from Genuine German Potash. See that your dealer supplies you with a fertilizer con- taining plenty of potash. Potash Pays! POTASH IMPORTING CORPORATION OF AMERICA Baltimore 81 Fulton Street, Dept.H-4, New York, N.Y. San Francisco Sales Agents: H. J. Baker 81. Bro., 81 Fulton St.. NewYor-k I Ve tch gSeparator Will separate vetch from wheat, rye or oats The Sinclair- Scott Co., Baltimore, Md. M ENT ION The Michi- gan Farmer when writ- ing to advertisers. " The white patch that never fails. Sticks instantly without fire. Becomes self-vulcanized (fused) by tire heat from driving. BEST FOR BAL‘ LOON TUBES, truck and all tubes, because e-lastic. Stretches with tire, can't tear out. 50c—Worth it. Lawsuit Co., Hamilton. Ohb HE story has often been told of the young man from the back woods“, who, in the early history- of our country, decided that he would like to go to co.11ege On his journeying hither he is re- ported to have enquired of the college president as to how long it would take to complete a college coursevof study. “Four years,” replied the professor. “Why,” said the young man, “I thought one could get through in' six months.” “It all depends on what you want to make of yourself,” said the profes- sor. “When the Lord undertakes to grow an oak tree He takes one hun- dred years or more. but He can grow a squash in less than six months.” This narrative has been used with telling effect by educators in inducing young people to gain a thorough edu- cation, and much to the detriment of the squash. We fully believe that a complete ed- ucation is of great value, but we wish in this article to rise in defense of the humble squash. It is true that the squash does not have the tough enduring fiber of the oak (we couldn’t eat if it did), but like the oak tree, the squash continues with us, and it fills a very useful place in our dietary. , Winter squash such as the Hubbard and the Delicious, when baked until they turn in color to a rich gold and brown, with patches of syrup forming on them here and there, and eaten with cream, is a food that is truly de« licious, and makes a dish fit for a king. Some prefer them steamed, and they are fine cooked that way. Squash piesare not to be despised, and are fully as good as pumpkin pies. Noting in the Michgan Farmer sev- eral inquiries about raising and selling Hubbard squash will give a few sug— gestions that may be helpful to new beginners. In our family when I was a boy we made a specialty of raising Hubbard squash, and the writer is still raising them successfully. When the country was new and we cleared land each year, we found that squash was easier to raise on a new field full of stumps than potatoes, and they usually paid us better. Although the past summer. was un- usually cold here in Northern Michi- gan, as it was elsewhere, I succeeded in raising a fine crop of Hubbard squash, and they sold readily, even to farmers, as they were very scarce in this region last fall. Had a good num- ber weighing from fifteen to twenty pounds, that were suitable for saving seed from. Merchants and restaurant keepers were glad to buy the seed squash in halves, and I kept the seed. In raising squash I try to select a rich loamy field, preferably one that slopes to the south. They should be planted just as soon as all danger of frost is past, in hills eight feet apart each way. Dig a hole large enough to hold two or three shovels of fine rich barnyard or chick- en manure. The fertilizer should have a little of the soil worked into it, then cover it lightly and firmly with more of the soil. Sow plenty of seed Within a radius of about fifteen inches, cov- ering to a depth of about one—half inch. The seed should be soaked in warm water before planting, but be careful not to leave them long enough to sour. Twelve to fifteen seed are none too many in a hill. Just as soon as they come up they should be thoroughly cultivated both ways, and when about all the young plants show well above the ground they should be heed and thinned. Leave but three or four plants to a hill, selecting the most hardy and vigorous ones. Within a short time cultivate and hoe again, and keep them growing fast. The Humble S-qua It’ 1‘: Pouibz'lztie: on Me Farm ' By M. C. Guild ' ‘8 1 ‘ In harvesting them it is essential' that they be carefully handled, as a. slight b1 uise’ or scratch is apt to cause them to decay. The stem should not be broken . The sale for choice winter squash is usually good in most any of our Mich- eigan towns or cities, and the price is generally satisfactory. When the market is overesupplied, or the price is low, they make fine feed for cattle, andhaterlally increase the production of cream. In some parts of Michigan they are grown in ten. and as high as twenty acre fields, purposely for feeding to cattle and hogs, and are considered one of the most profitable crops grown on the farm. Squash should be stored in a cool dry place. They will not stand freez‘ ing, and moiéture soon causes them to decay. I have raised them in the southern part of the state, but those that are grown in the northern part of the Lowe1 Peninsula are much richer and fine1 giained than when grown further south. GRAPE JUICE INTERESTS WIN CASE. HE grape juice interests of the Lake Erie district won their case against the practice of labeling syn- thetic juices in Such a manner as to lead thepurchaser to believe that he is getting pure fruit juice. According to the terms of an order issued by the Federal Trade Commission, the manu- facturers of a certain synthetic drink, when using the word “Nugrape” in connection with the sale of its prod« uct must accompany such word with an additional designation clearly indi- cating that the product does not con- tain genuine grape juice. The respondents in the case are also ordered to cease using in connec- tion with the sale of their product any pictorial representation of grapes or grape vinyards, or any words. pictures or symbols stating or suggesting the Nugrape is made from grapes or grape Juice. It is believed that this action on the part of the Federal Trade Commis- sion will have the effect of putting a. stop to the labeling of other synthetic drinks so as to give the impression that they are composed of pure fruit juice. FANCY APPLES. ACKING apples in unusual pack«' ages is attended with some risk to the shipper. Recently a carload of Delicious apples, packed in egg crates, was shipped from Columbia county. New York, to the New York market. The apples were A-grade, strictly fancy and high color, and the sizes were 2%, 23/; and three-inch. The 2%< inch stroke was packed nicely in the crates and presented a. fine appear ance when the packages were opened. The 2% and three-inch stock was pain titioned in layers, and the individual apples were protected on all sides, similar in manner to which eggs are shipped. The shipment was taken by the jobbing trade at comparatively high prices, 2$é-inch stock bringing $4, 2%‘inCh $5.25, and the three-inch stock $5.00. In reporting this sale to the depart ment of agriculture, the market spe- cialist in New York said that while these apples sold quickly at the prices indicated, it is.not believed that sunh a type of package would be desirable for regular run of shipments, because it is a slow educational process to in- they are not duce jobbers to take packages to which ‘ ,5 I. m ‘ ti:.;»a.;.:,,;v.'-—. \H 'V'-’ , {fish-‘43.” «Iv-kW—‘F. w ‘v-v- ’: . w. ‘ , cremagimg": iw-’ i la v‘ . g and a M ‘2'er Up. Prod/em 3 .r dBtg PI! . ' By J. T " NE of the most baffling ,ques? thus of our‘modern economic Many society is that of price. people come to wrong conclusions about markets, prices, or the Integrity of those dealing in products because they do not understand the fundament- al factors which cause—value. I do not propose to write a thesis on value or price; but rather explain ‘just how\the price of milk in the De- troit market is determined. It will be impossible for me to go into all the details of 'the'market or justify the prevailing practices. Those who have given much study Every Last Child Should Have Its Bottle of Milk. to the problem of marketing milk do not hold to all the theories put forth by many who come to their conclu- sions without facts on conditions of the city end of the milk market. ' Prices in a market cannot be set at any level which seems desirable. _ There are certain factors which must be considered when a price policy is determined. In a later aticle I shall discuss what the price determining factors are in the milk market. Most of the milk which comes into the Detroit market goes from the farm to the local milk receiving station. These statiOns are, in almost every in- stance, owned and operated by a city distributor. Here the milk is weighed, sampled for testing, cooled, and then loaded either into tank trucks or plac- ed into cans for transportation to the city. The costs of operating these country stations are paid by the dis- tributor. This is not the case in all parts of the country. For instance, in the Philadelphia market the farmer is charged half a cent a quart for this service. The transportation service to the Detroit market is provided for and paid for by the city distributor; but this cost is charged back to the farm- er. The cost depends upon the dis- tance. . The price to the farmer is quoted f. o. b. Detroit; that is, if the price is $3.00 per cwt., for fluid milk, the trans- portation cost is deducted when the distributor remits. There is, also, a deduction of two cents per cwt. for the Milk Producers’ Association dues. There is no deduction for country re—‘ ceiving station charges, as there is in the Philadelphia market; if the milk does not test 3.5, a deduction of five cents a point (at March market prices) for each point below. An addition of five cents is made for each point above 8.5. This point will be dealt with Mlater. In ordinary seasons the lowest pro- duction of milk is in the months of July, August, September and "October. These are, also, usually the months of highest consumption. Often distribu- tors have been unable to get sufficient milk from their regular patrons within the area to meet the market demands. When such conditions prevailed it was necessary for the distributors to go outside of the area for a part of their supply. At times of extreme shortage it is very difficult to get milk. To ' overcome this difficulty distributors at- tempt to. take on ‘ sufficient producers 7120 assuse them an ample supply dur- Iv. , our . Hornet ing the shortage period. This neces- sarily brings in more milk. than is needed during the flush period. Farmers "cannot expect to get the best results from a market unless they produce in accordance with demand. A production in excess of demand at one time of the year has a tendency to force prices down. An insufficient production at another period tends to widen the market area and bring in more producers. ' To equalize production and make it conform more nearly to market de- mands throughout the year is a diffi- cult task. What has been called the “Base Plan” was adopted in order to assist in this. Briefly, this plan is for the purpose of encouraging production during the shortage period. Under it each farmer establishes a base during the months of July, August, September and October. The average daily pro- duction for these months is base for the balance of the year. The farmer who produces during this period is a better producer than the one who does not. This is a diffi- cult period for milk production and the man who keeps his production high at this time should be rewarded. Under the plan he is rewarded by be- ing permitted to sell more of his milk at fluid prices during the flush period than is the man who has a low produc— tion when the supply is short. This plan is merely for the purpose of rewarding the man who produces during the shortage period; and of en- couraging production at that time. It is to make an adjustment between the producers. Contrary to the belief of some, under this plan, a man does not get fluid milk prices for a quantity equal to his base during the balance of the year. Because of difficulty in the produc- tion of milk for city consumption the price of fluid milk must be higher than that for milk used for manufactured products. More care must be practic- ed in producing and handling market milk. This higher price results in a premium for fluid milk. The distributor can pay more for ’ the milk he sells as fluid milk than for that he manufactures. No distributor “We’ll Soon Be Ready to Help.” should be permitted to buy the milk which he sells as fluid milk at manu- factured prices. 0n the other hand, she should not be compelled to pay fluid prices for milk which he must put into butter, cottage cheese, or con- densed. If he were forced to do this he would have to bear the risks of the market and would consequently cover this risk by forcing the price down and allowing himself a wider margin. The variations in production and consumption cause risks to arise. The farmer, as all other producers, must finally bear this risk. In the Detroit market it was thought best for the farmer to bear this risk at first hand and not have it passed back to him by the distributor. Therefore, the present plan of selling milk was adopted. This plan is briefly as follows: The distributor pays the fluid milk price for all milk sold as whole milk and manufactured prices for the bal. “\ \\\\\\\\QQ\ \\\v Q) \\\\\‘\,\$ kinds. that many farm— ‘1 ' ers use hit-or— Fwd-“1,1,, ize that if salt is strong and bitter the stock simply For Cheese- Making will noteatenoug/z , . . For Canning of It. Ordmary «ables a Fruits salt, it has been found, contains certain impuri- ties that make it bitter and dis- miss” methods in fiiwhm and . . ousehold saltlng their Use stock. They feed their animals ForCuring u n Meats any old salt; . - F Butt they do not real 01:4 an"? Salt Guide Diamond Crystal Shakes Salt (free flowing, in handy pourin cartons) or Diamon Crystal Table Salt (in boxes or sanitary muslin bags). Diamond Crystal Coarse Salt (in 35-lb. and 70- lb. bags). Diamond Crystal Flake or Fine Flake Sale (in 280-lb. paper—lined The danger of “hit—or—miss” methods in salting stock- Do your livestock get as much salt yet it costs no more than ordinary as they need? Investigations prove that the stock on thousands of Use the salt guide farms do not eat enough salt to There is a Diamond Crystal Salt keep in top-notch condition. for every farm need. Diamond Experts have Crystal Salt for found the reason , table or cooking forthisin the fact The D lamond CTyStal use, for curing meat, etc., is fur— ther refined by a special patented process which no other manufac- turer can use. It is the only salt which govern- ment tests show Pmel‘ 3“ i“ hm" to be always over Diamond Crystal Cheese $31! (in 280-lb. paper- 99% pure. The ed barrels . Diamond Crystal Flake Salt, Diamond Crystal Fine Flake (Table Salt) or Diamond Crystal Fine Salt (in 280—1b. barrels or bags). same process makes it into quick-dissolving flakes instead of Diamond Crystal No. 1 hard,grittycubes fifmgfiff‘i‘égflfl like ordinary salt. in 50-lb. blocks). agreeable. One taste reveals them instantly. An easy way to make sure Common Salt. (Continued on- page 552) . There is an easy way to make sure . your animals get their full salt re- quirements—by giving them free access to salt that is mild and pleas- ant. Such a salt is Diamond Crystal Diamond Crystal is made from a brine that is pumped from salt beds 2,000 feet deep in the earth. It is ex ceptionallycleanand pure. Because it is so free from the impurities that make some salt strong and bitter, Diamond Crystal Common Salt is ideal for conditioning livestock. And.‘ Thus, . Diamond Crystal brings out finer flavors in food; cures meat evenly and thoroughly, preventing spoflage. The salt guide shows you how to get the greatest value for your money when you buy salt. Take it with you when you order your next supply. If you do not know where to get Diamond Crystal, just write us. farm need. The Diamond Crystal Salt Com- pany, since 1887 makers of Dia— mond Crystal, “The Salt that’s all Salt”, St. Clair, Mich. FREE—Many women Izave been much interested in our éooklet “101 Use: for Salt”. We will be glad to mail itfree upon request. Diamond Crystal ‘ Salt There 1': a Diamond Crystal Salt for each No. I Common, for stock feeding, come: in 280- lé. barrel: and in 56-» bloc I in 6a: #_4 Automobile Insurance Company I . Makes Good Recurd Now Has Assets Over $565,225.96 ilncreasedfby years as follows; .- The Policies You; Claims Paid in Force Assets 1915 11 s 564.18 1,738 .............................. $4,083 1916 176 25,260.42 15,337 ................................ 7,740 1917 474 58,938.91 27,431 ...... . .................... 40,446 1918 721 95,120.35 32,908 ..... .. ............... 69,424 1919 1,387 182,492.27 39,742 ------------------- 7 1 :20 1 1920 2,232 280,901.29 45,067 ......85,96 1 1921 2,646 323,273.36 40,268 3 7,3 92 1922 3,326 295,147.21 38,263 2 2 6 , 4 9 9 1923 5,493 402,422.11 46,050 3 7 5 , 9 4 5 16 adjusted before trial 7 verdict against policy holder If you are not carrying automobile insurance, it would pay you to see the local agent, or write Citizens Mutual Automobile Insurance Company of Howell, Michigan [Wet Weatfierfqys l nsn nsucuis WW5 4 Deg ' \J - mtfloold/Peltablo . eflex Sllckeljs SEED CORN Will yours grow and mature? If not. I have a good supply that was carefully gathered and lined last (all. This spring it tested 20% string germination. I may be able to supply you if you don‘t put it of! too 1011;. Ralph Arbogast, Union, City, Nisan. 1 9 2 4 9,001 Claims Paid, $539,106.38 Total Claims Paid to date, 25,463 Total Amount of Claims Paid, $2,203,226.48 Assets $565,225.96 ’ The Company settled 9,001 claims in 1924,0nly 37 cases were disposed of in the Court, as follows; 7 verdict for policy holder 7 dismissed FOR EVERY . _ . . ‘KIND of SPRAYING ‘ Fruit trees. shrubbery, vegan tables, dens, vines flowers ~for w ‘tewashing cold-water ainting spraying. disinfecting, or washing automobiles, Win- dows, etc., the SMITH BANNER ' commas“ ’Ain summit. will do the job easil , efi'ec— tively and economically. he finest of compressed air up are. Tgk holds labout four gal ons. w strokes of heavy brass pump com- presses air to discharge contents. Automatic, non-clog brass noz- zle adjustable from coarse spray to finest mist. Sold!»v hardware. seed and ' nt stores. If your dealer cannot supply you, write us for price and U. D. B. SMITH & 00.. Inc. 40 Main St.. Utica, N9Y'. SNOWBALLS HAVE LICE. My snowballs are infested with lice. What can I do to control them?— Mrs. O. C. N. The lice on the snowballs can best be controlled by a spray of forty per cent nicotine-sulphate, put on just as ‘ the leaves are pushing out and before they begin to curl. Black leaf forty, or forty“ per cent nicotine-sulphate is usually satisfactory for this purpose. Use one ounce in six gallons of strong soapsuds and apply very thor- oughtly. RIDDING A HOUSE OF MICE. Kindly tell me how to get rid of mice. We have tried traps and don’t seem to be able to catch them. It is also a new house. They seem to be in the draws where the clothes are kept—E. R. C. The best way is to catch them. The next best way it to poison them. Poisoning is the quickest way, but the dead mice are left in the partitions and under the floors, etc, and the re- sultant odor is quite offensive. The mice can be caught, every one of them in the house at the time, if you are a good trapper. The little snapper trap that can be bought for a. song is about the best. Bait it with an appetizing bait, cheese or bacon rind or ham rind is good. Set the trap in any out of the way place, be- hind the bureau, back of the couch or near the garbage pail. Every time you catch one use fresh bait for the next. Be a little persistent and you will get every one. Of course, they will come again after a time, they always will as long as you live, and you have to keep catching them, but they can be kept down So they do lit- tle or no damage. If you want to poison them get some arsenic, mix with molasses or grease and spread on tough bread or cheese, cut into small pieces and scatter around where they are liable to go. But this poison is dangerous. If you have children or cats or poodle dogs don’t use it. Use the trap. There is some sport to that. ANSWERING CENSUS QUESTIONS. What is penalty if questions asked by the United States census taker, are not answered correctly, or doesn’t it matter ?——Reader. The. statute providing for the taking of census authorizes the census taker to ask the various questions required by the census bureau, and if answer is contumaciously refused, the census taker may report it to the United States District Court and have the ofiender arrested and prosecuted.— Rood. PART OF PROPERTY. When a person sells a farm, can he take the telephone from the wall, or a. wire clothesline that is on posts, or anything that is fastened? If so, how about window shades?——G. H. Articles like those mentioned are generally regarded as realty when af- fixed by the owner of the soil. The general rule is that such things as would be more valuable to the owner as permanent fixtures than as chattels will be presumed to have been attach- ed with the intention of making the annexation permanent—Rood. HUBAM CLOVER. Which is the best way to sow Hubam clover for seed—~broadcast or drill? Some say drill eighteen inches apart and cultivate. When should it beWsowfn Iand how much to the acre? In handling Hubam clover for seed, the best results have been secured by planting in rows tWenty-eight or thirty , y». — » . "‘;‘—*_?;~ ‘ ' 7m 5 .1 m.” ‘W-Tz-‘vxd‘solmd 2'0”"mn.to {05:51-04 It: Yqzultlos on Mum pit-n inches apart, using two pounds of seed per acre' and giving clean ,culivation. The crop should be planted during A'p— ril or early May, though plantings made in late May will have good op- portunity for ripening seed in the av- erage season. The seed should 'be planted on a well prepared, firmly roll— ed seed—bed. ' 0n soils needing lime, two tons of finely ground limestone or several cu- bic yards of marl should be applied per acre. An application of two‘or three hundred pounds of acid phos- phate will increase seed production and hasten maturity. Yields of from four to ten bushels of seed were 5% cured by the majority of growers last yearn—J. F. Cox. KEEPING FENCE IN REPAIR.’ My neighbor owns a woodlot next to my farm. He lets a man pasture mules on it, but he will not fix the fence. I have notified him, but he did not pay any attention. The fence is barbwire and is down in several places and my cattle are getting hurt—S. K. If the lands are enclosed, and a. fence built which is out of repair, and the party who should repair does not do so on request, the statute provides that the fence viewers of the tOWn may be summoned to look over the fence, and if found in need of repairs, they may order such repairs made, and if they are not made in a reason— able time by the party ordered to do so, the opposite party may build it, and have the cost assessed by the sup- ervisor of the town as a tax to be col— lected by the town treasurer with the other taxes on the land.——Rood. SOY-BEANS FOR GREEN MANURE. 1 have a field of good sandy loam, from which I cut wheat last year but lost all of the clover. I am thinking of plowing and, after thorough cultiva- tion, of sowing soy-beans about the first of June, then plowing them down whenever they are at their rankest growth, and then of sowing the field to wheat next fall. Can secure soy- beans grOWn here for$3.00 per bushel. Any suggestions you may offer will be appreciated—E. P. W. Your plan of increasing the organic matter in your land by turning under a soy-bean crop where clover has fail- ed, is excellent. Would suggest broadcasting one bushel per acre of Manchu or [to San soybeans, planting on a thoroughly disced seed-bed after the middle or? May or during early June. The crop should be turned under from the first to the middle of August in order to give a period of a month or so for the organic matter turned under to be- come thoroughly incorporated with the soil. The soy-beans may be pastureri to a, considerable extent before turning under if desired. Plowing should be to medium depth and should be fol- ' lowed by a roller or cultipacker, well weighted, so as to compact firmly. Soy-bean seed, grown in your neigh~ borhood, should be very well adapted to your conditions. The Farm Bureau Seed Department, of Lansing, Mich., handles the varieties named—J. F. Cox. ' WKAR has succeeded in putting the Michigan farmers and the “oldest ag- ricultural college in the world” on the map in other ways as well, for since the official opening of the station in January of .this year, more than 4,000 diiferent communications have been received by the operators representing forty-six states of the Union, practi- cally every province in Canada, Cuba, Porto Rico, and Central America. Dur~ ing April the power of the station is to be almost tripled and a proportion- ate inci‘easefl in range is expected.“ ' \ Cook. , u». «soap- ’ L ‘. L'N“ ‘rma ., ,1. - at» m MJJ: , ,p. ...- .\ MA, '4 I11 'T‘g’ . . x , up - .. \ —\MM we», G4- r..." ~L. ,. ,1? -m, ' _ ~“ ‘\ ya: ., ‘. L'AN‘ .,.. W‘. A». -v: . . ‘rv'pw v ._ ..\_\A’-M ' club's andr'show potatoes at the show. u...) E are-ind‘e building up worn-out sour soil. One of these pictures-shows the engine and hoist used to lift the marl from the hole and pile it for weathering. The other shows a. hole from which marl has been taken. This, we are told by' this wide—awake country girl, makes a good swimming hole during the sum- mer time, when filled with water. .TO PREVENT WEAR ON ROPES. FARMERS who unload hay through a door in the gable should make a ,wooden roller, three and ahalf or four feet long, and two and a. half or three inches in diameter. A canvas roller from an old binder will do. Erect the roller on the door sill so "that it will be flush with the weatherboarding and in the center of the doorway. Make two triangular blocks as supports for the roller and bore small holes in the tops of the blocks so you can oil the axles of the roller. Be sure the roller is higher than the blocks. This will protect the trip rope from wearing out by drawing it over the timber and it will be much easier to pull the fork back—Warner E. Farver. PLAN FOR 1925 POTATO SHOW. THE present ofiicers of the Top 0’ - Michigan Potato Show Associa- tion received such a hearty endorse- ment at the annual meeting of that association at Gaylord last week, that they were unanimously re-elected for another year and directed to “carry on.” Plans for increasing the scope of the show were developed and ap- proved. The dates for the 1925 show awere set for November 4-6. The report of the treasurer showed a. nice sur- plus, thus insuring funds with which to start the work ofl.’ for another year. It was decided to include an apple show with the “Spud” show for 1925. Mr. T. F. Marston, one of the officers, said, “There is no reason why we can not do the same thing for apples that we are doing for potatoes. We need to grade our apples better, spray and take care of them better, and stand- ardize on a few adapted varieties. The Show is the best medium through which to attain these ends and make people acknowledge the superiority of northern Michigan’s product. The show has produced the “King Spud” for the potato growers. Why not let it develop the “King Pomme” for the apple producers. Over 200 carloads of apples are shipped out of Cheboygan but very few people realize it. Only standard varieties will be list- ed in the premium-list for apples and, they will be shown in commercial con- tainers. ‘ Another phase of work which is go- ing to be emphasized this year is the Boys’ and Girls’ Club work. Special premiums will be oil'ered for the young farmers and farmerettes who join the , Btedfthmarion-‘ifiaynes ~- ‘ ' of Mason, i'o'r‘ithesie ”pictures of the marl bed located on her father’s farm. She ‘ states“ that her <- father thinks there is nothing like” marl for run safely In the strongest winds. In any condition of wind or weather you may be sure that the Auto-Oiled Act-motor will give you the best of service. It is made at factory HOLDING G OF GENERAL A Car You Must Drive Yourself to Appreciate You must see and drive the new Oakland Coach yourself to appreciate it. Considering both car and price you will agree that here is unmatched value 4- just the value you have been looking for. a: 4:: Five-passenger Fisher Body, wide doors, one-piece V.V. windshield, Duco finish, powerful, , economical, six-cylinder engine, four-wheel brakes, balloon tires—in fact everything you want. p H See your Oakland dealer today. Let him also show you how the General Motors Time Payment Plan will save you money. OAKLAND MOTOR CAR COMPANY, PONTIAC, MICHIGAN Coach-—--$ 1 2 l 5 big Agricultural Lime £51.53 Cigsiumgyggtgg PULVERIZED LIMESTONE n... my... 1...... 1.. wood... o......b....1... Finely Pulverized High Calcium Limestone, either in sacks. Price mailed on request. NORTHERN LIME bulk or bus. Highest grade sold in Michigan. 8:. 8TONE 00.. Petotkey. Mich. Campbell Stone Co» Indian River, Midi Mention The Michigan Farmer When Writing Advertisers Prime Tested Windmill The Auto-Oiled. Aer-motor has behind it a record of 10 years of successful operation: In all climatesand under the severestcon- , , ditions it has proven itself to be a real self-011mg Windmlll and a most reliable pumping machine. An Auto-Oiled Aermotor, when once properly erected, needs no further attention except the annual oiling. There are no bolts or nuts to Work loose and no delicate parts to get out of order. There are no untried features in the Auto-Oiled Aermotor. The gears run in oil in the oil-tight,storm- - proof gear case just astheydid 10 years ago. Some refine- mentshavebeenmade,asexperiencehasshownthepossibil- ity of improvement, but the original simplicity of design has been retained while greater perfection of Operation has been achieved. The Act-motor is wonderfully efficient in the light winds, which are the prevailing ones. The self-oiled motor works With practically no friction, and the wind-wheel of the Aermotor is made to run in the lightestbreeze. It is also amply strang to y e company which established the steel windmill business 38 years ago. dungeon, than“ Dee Home. AN”! get off the track. "no at? onu-allnaye. This and patent a - {timetable feature angers absolutely superior. bearings permit easy “push and pull". THE F. EAHVERS ‘ ago. co; .~:. 3:: lurch um- R‘HANGERS make Myers Door Roller Twelve styles. to fit every need. Myers dealers also handle the world-famous Myers line 0! Fauna and Hay Tools. See your dealer or write on. Anni-nos.” (is) 1'. (i///\ igr‘ ‘9 li\\ 3 // ’ J; Li 3%; i ..... _ {\st . -.~a-- ,. , ,, Albionnedmd oodlnilb " ‘~ endpowexful. One-rhirdthefifr an"; parts of any other mill. PUT rHis NEW: MILL ON YOUR ,r ‘ OLD 4, m Planet: 1) sub um. m o oillmm as; .: vii-table. Coven" bf! w 1 without ‘ u 4. imbue. Wmthodeu 701,11 chore” new with a good Wldml‘ ! m to ya" chance—Pkg. B. on. on it round. I“ Met. at wile W to Union Stool Products lit. lid? Int. 44. Albion. Michigan. IMJ. : ~ ' , W..Q—..J.......-.m_v.fiw-._n_r-u . _-_,_, Twill/[l : .7?“ , can” t / -7. . Makes a Clean Sweep Shovels of the John Deere “KC” Cultivator penetrate level and work uniformly at depth set. They always point straight to the front—~a1ways cut out full width—no skips and jumps—all the soil is worked uniformly. You can make every ad- justment from the seat, with handy levers. Easy guide for crooked rows-— light pressure on foot levers guides wheels and shifts rigs. See the “KC" at your John Deere dealer’s. Write for free folder. Address John Deere, Molina, Illinois; ask for folder J OHN‘T‘I tiliT'DEERE TN! TRADE MARK 0' QUALITY MADE FAM 5 BY GOOD IMFLEME IneeXV an agent to sell my Candy Chewing Gum anal» ii.nts Every body will buy from \ou. Ex- perience unnecessary. Samples tree. Write today. Mllton Gordon. mlackson 5L, Clnclnnntl, 0. Our Lansing Correrpondent ROSPECTS seem very favorable for a considerable amount of dis- agreement ,and perhaps a rather far reaching deadlock betv’veen the house and -Senate before final adjourn- ment is reached, Thus far the two branches have apparently been unable to agree as to the terms of most of the more important appropriation bills. - Then, too, the house has passed a. bill to allow $350,000 for construc- tion and maintenance of a fifth state normal school. The senate does not appear to be taking kindly to this idea and as the normal school bill was the particular favorite of a large group of house members, no little hard feeling on this score is predicted. The senate, on the other hand, is cOnsidering a bill to make the lieutenant—governor a member of the‘state administrative board at a salary of $4,000. Now the house wastes no love on the lieuten- ant-governor and undoubtedly would make great sport of any such pro- posal. Reapportionment is another issue upon which there is a most disagree able division of opinion. As the house had passed a motion to postpone in— definitely further consideration of the whole matter of reapportioning the representative districts, they thought the thing was settled for good as far as the present session was concerned. Then Senator Elijah B. Howarth, Jr., of Royal Oak, revived the ghosts of this haunting issue and introduced in the senate a new proposal to give Wayne twenty-one house members, in- stead of the fourteen which they now have. If this friction continues it is hard to prophesy when the law—makers can complete their labors or what the ROUGE REX The 1.000 Mile Shoe Double —Tanned — Double \\ enr Grain Cufl 470—l)oublc Sole Tan 446—Single Sole Tan Split Cuff Single Solo 458—Chocolatc 455 ———Smoke 452—“1 an 1,000 Miles of Wear Always dries out soft Here’s a double-tanned horse— hidc work shoe that will never get still~ or hard. This horse— hide, double—tanned by our own private process in our own tan— nerics, dries out as soft as vel— vet. You can soak these shoes in mud, water and slush. They will always dry out soft and pliable. You’ll also be surprised by their long wear. They usually wear at least 1,000 miles. But customers tellustheywear3,000 and 4,000 or more. We are fre— quently told they outwear three ordinary pairs. For every job there’s a spe- cial Rouge ch shoe model that fits your need exactly. If your dealer cannot supply you with Rouge Rex, we’ll see that you are supplied from our nearest deal— er. Write for catalog 413. HIRTH-KRAUSE COMPANY/ Shoe Manufacturers and Tanners Grand Rapids, Mich. net results cf the session will be. N the midst of this tumult and con- fusion, farm legislation is making steady, if not totally satisfactory, pro- gress. Probably the most important . event in the past week from the farm- er’s point of vieW‘was the final pas- sage through the house of senator Leland’s bill to make the federal po- tato grades compulsory in Miéhigan, except in case of direct sales from the producers to consumers or grocers. With the exception of these direct sales, no potatoes could be sold except on the basis of the official grades, un- less the potatoes were marked “culls.” In considering this bill in committee of the whole, an innocent appearing amendment was slipped in, changing the word “culls" t0 “ungraded.” In the opinion of leading potato growers and their marketing organizations, this amendment would practically have defeated the purpose of the bill in that undoubtedly a large proportion of the MiChigan potato crop would have gone to market under the un- graded class, and hence the reputation of Michigan potatoes would not have been improved either on the home or the out-state market. When the bill came up for the third reading and final passage, Represents: tive Orvy Hulett, of Armada, spon- sored an amendment to take out --the term “ungraded” and restore the word “culls.” This proposal aroused an in- teresting debate, but finally Repre- sentative Hulett’s amendment prevail- ed by a vote of sixty-eight to seven- teen and the bill passed seventy-eight to thirteen. In its final form it ap- pears to have real teeth and its pas— sage is hailed with tremendous satis- faction by the commercial potato growers, the Michigan Potato Grow- ers’ Exchange, the Michigan State Farm Bureau and other influential in- terested organizations. , 3k * =14 VVO other bills regarding the stan- dardization of Michigan farm products have also been passed by the house during the last few days. These are Senator Leland’s new apple grad- ing bill, which reduces the number of grades from seven to four, and Rep— resentative Eugene Kirby’s bill, which makes several amendments to the present g ape standards law. -‘l< * =6: . HE house has finally passed Rep- resentative Joseph VVarner’s bill to allow $12,000 of state money for a, campaign to control and Suppress the European corn borer which is already infesting the corn fields of ten south- eastern counties of Michigan and be« cause of its rapid spread is a most serious menace to the corn crop of the entire state. As originally introduced this bill would have provided a state appropriation of $25,000 which the federal government would have sup- plemented to an extent of $35,000 or $50,000. The cut in state funds will, of course, mean a corresponding de- crease in federal aid. It is rumored~ that southeastern Michigan farmers and influential stale-wide i'armers’ or- ganizations will make a strong fight to have this appropriation restored to its original amount when it comes up for consideration in the senate. * >'< “' EPRESENTATIVE BRAKE’S bill to make an appropriation of $5,000 to the State Department of Agricul- ture to be used for research and field work in the eradication of diseases has been reported favorably by the senate committee on agriculture. As bee raising and honey production is a very, important project in many parts of the state, it is evident that this bill is a very wise investment if foul-brood and other bee diseases can be con- trolled and eradicated for this amount. en nine in. Themas’ nations dealing in farm products from the provisions of the state anti-trust law, by inserting the following signifi- cant amendment to the Michigan anti- trust statute: “Provided, However, that nothing contained in the provis- . ions‘ of this act shall be construed to forbid producers of farm or dairy pro- ducts from cooperating or organizing corporations or associations not pri- marily for profit, for the purpose of insuring and providing a reasonably certain and stable market for, and dis- tribution of, such products upon terms fair and reasonable to. the public and to themselves, and bargaining with distributors of such products singly or collectiVely in relation thereto, nor shall such cooperative undertaking, corporations, associations or members thereof be held or construed to be il- legal combinations or conspiracies in restrain of trade.” “all“ :1: :1: NE would naturally suppose that in a selfish world there would be few people found who would refuse an opportunity to increase their own pay. However, for several sessions propos— als have appeared to increase the pay of the legislators from the admittedly insufficient present amount of $800 for the two-year term to some figure which would more nearly compensate the members for the expenses of a pri- mary and regular election campaign and pay them for their time and living expenses during the four months which they are compelled to remain in Lansing during the regular biennial session, and the strange part of it is that each time any such bill appears it is defeated. This year Representative Milton Palmer of Detroit, sponsored a resolu- tion for submission to the voters of a constitutional amendment which, if passed, would have increased the pay of our law-makers from $800 to $1,800 for the two-year term. After full de- bate this resolution received fifty-sev— en affirmative and thirty-four negative votes. HoweVer, as this proposal was in the form of a constitutional amend- ment it required two-thirds of the house members, or sixty-seven yeas. Hence it once more went down to de- feat. However, it has been reconsid- ered and placed on the table and it may be revived later in the session. BUY FARM LAND NOW. EAN R. S. SHAW, of the Agricul- tural College, firmly believes that farm land is lower in price now than it ever will be again and he is urging all those who need farm land to pur- chase now. He says that war and its after effects put farming entirely out of balance and as the result of the depression, farm lands have Unduly depreciated in price. GRANGE TOUR IN AUGUST. HE Michigan State Grange is plan< T ning a summer tour of about eight hundred miles. The tentative plans call for starting at the Agricultural College and making drives of about one hundred miles each day. Mr. W. H. Lovejoy will manage the camps and itinerary, Mrs. Dora Stockman the evening programs, and Mr. A. B. Cook the commissary. WOMAN WINS. RS. ELSIE M. PULASKA, Wav- erly, Illinoisfwas awarded the thousand dollar prize for producing a. champion ear of corn. The ear was declared 100 per cent perfect by the judges at the national seed corn show in Chicago.— Mrs. Pulaska’s car was selected in competition with 30,000 entries from fortysix states. ‘ epre -. . bill whiCh exempfis. cooperative organ- ’ -'\..— a-\ < ~...