Whole N0. 4774 1927 HUI \ J ‘ .;, SATURDAY, AUGUST 20 t of the Opé; Road , I Spfri DETROIT, AMICH The‘ THE PERFECT MOTOR OIL - (Special Heavy) Is the Fordson’s Faithful Friend care of Polarine. For Polarine is a faithful friend —— never varies from one year’s end to another. Whenever— wherever you buy it you know what you’re getting. Polarine E 7 CU can trust your tractor to the never disa points you. It’s one of the few sure gs. ‘ A lubricating oil has a big responsi- bility. Maybe you’ve never thought of“ it that way before, but consider for a minute the work it must do. Every moving part of the ‘ .. » e of your Fordson must be covergfi' by a film of oil and kept covered. If the inside of the engine is not rotectecl in this way, trouble starts. eat and grinding grit are two destroyers. that are always ready to eat away unprotected parts. It’s up to Polarine—Special Heavy—to protect the engine of your Ford’sonby Standard 0111 Emmy (Indiana), . other makes of tractors. spreading its tough film over every vital part. ' Thousands of Fordsons throughout the ten states of the Middle West are pulling awa faithfully, domg all kinds of work an doing it well because they * are perfectly lubricated—With Polanne ——Special Heavy. _ Polarine—S ‘ 'al Hea fie the. right oil for your - ordson. Po ‘anne—Specral Heavy—was made for it. The lubricate ing engineers of the Standard Q11 Compan (Indiana) made a specral my 0? the F ord‘son tractor and its wenients in order to develop a In- bricating oil would beexa-ctly fight. There are other grades of Polarine for If you want to get maximum. work out of your train“ --—- at a mmum cost —- use ',910_South Mic .' an Avenue ~ 13 RICA G0,) I. LU! 0'! S‘ z. 41"! IIIKII IU f1 W‘NIII‘ .. t is mingle instalh _ , misinaidesimishstteramsmarwy ‘ A’quchihh‘s voLUMs cixrx f' YOUNG man who returned to the A farm found himself unable to do , heavy work. Looking about for something to do which required little physical exertion, he selected from a wheat field enough heads to make a “quart of wheat,. after it had been pounded out and hand-picked. At the "Michigan State Fair that fall he won ga‘iifty-dollar prize ‘on his quart sample. ‘ Most farmers look upon this kind of l‘work as a difficult task. Contrary to M the general belief, it is not so. In fact, any farmer with the right ideas of the standards to select to in prepafing ex- hibits can use his time" at this work to geod financial advantage. A great many farmers have hidden away in their fields some products that are ex- cellent in quality, and that would eas- ily take a prize at any fair. The fol- lowing account of preparing exhibits is based upon the actual experience of the writer: When entering a field of grain to cut samples, one should look thoroughly through the field and find out where the best samples can be obtained. The heads should be well filled and the‘ . straw of good length and of bright _ appearance. Enough should be taken for a bundle three inches in diameter under the head, after it has cured, preferably in shade, to hold the color. The best place to hang them up is in a corn crib, or in some other building where they are protected from the hot ' sun and rodents. The, next Work is to tie them up :in neat bundlesvand place on each a ' well written label of the variety, There are many methods in preparing these '-—generally a neater bundle is made when each individual straw is picked up and the heads placed togethern In labeling it is advisable to use a No. 4 _ white tag, with the name plainly type- All bundles in containers for written in the center. should be placed ‘ shipment as soon as they are fixed up and labeled. In preparing vegetables for exhibi- tion only the best should be taken from the garden. Everything should be washed and packed in barrels or . baskets so that it will not bruise or Spoil during shipment. ’ Thus grown, selected and prepared, . the exhibits should be shipped to the fair grounds several days before the fair opens. This, of course, will de- pend on the distance, sufficient time . being given in all cases. Generally, at a county fair farmers bring their exhibits with them on the opening day of the fair. If a man has a large amount of products for exhibition, he should go to the fair grounds himself, about two days before the fair opens,‘ so that he can install his own exhibit. . Usually the fair association will ‘un- _ pack and place small displays free or , charge. ’ After the fair stuff reaches the fair grounds the work is only half done. , The exhibitor must make his exhibits » " - look better than those of his competi- tors In order to do this he must do 'some studying beforehand, exhib ts._;ig An MOI/WM”. was“ ’5’”? [843. v A Punches! Jour'nal for the Rural Family r " f. MICHIGAN SECTION THE, CAPPER FARM PRESS By Arthur W. Jewett, Jr. for farmers, not only to show their own, products, but also to study the products grown by others. It also of- fers an opportunity for the producer and conSumer to meet and discuss prices of farm produce. A fair, no matter how large or small, brings out the fact that the people in that com- munity are progressive and that they are interested in better agriculture, not only for themselves but for the whole country in general. Farmers who prepare exhibits of this nature are helping materially to ad- vance the interests of the farming in- dustry. Whom; the Strongest Team .9 'A’ Good Team of Draft Horses Owned by the Michigan State Fair. IME was when the best pulling team was a matter of opinion which was open to argument. Now the question is settled by a pre- cision instrument as accurately" and easily as is the weight of a load. Michigan farmers will have the op- portunity to test their judgment against such an instrument at the State Fair this year at the draft horses pulling contest which will take place September 6-7. $500 is offered in prizes, and teams are to be divided in two classes, one weighing 3,000 pounds and under, and one weighing over 3,000 pounds. The prizes will consist of $100 to first; $60 to sec- ond; $40 to third; $30 to fourth, and $20 to the fifth best pulling teams. The latest approved dynamometer, which is the property of the Michigan State College, is to be used to meas- ure the strength of the animals. In all instances where this contest has been staged it has proven a great at- traction, and it is hoped that the Mich- igan State Fair will receive a liberal entry and that records will be broken.1 There are still many valuable draft teams in and about Detroit that will doubtless vie with each other in these trials of strength and gameness. Walter Palmer, director of Live Stock and Exhibitions, will be glad to fur- nish any information regarding this contest. Public Uses Faith in Buying For t/zat Reason Honenfy 2': Necessary N every line of the fruit, poultry, and produce business, it pays to use packages that are well filled and of uniform quality. A peach grow- er, who places the best peaches on top and culls in the bottom of the basket, does not fool the public, but injures himself and all growers of peaches. The growers that do grade and pack their fruit carefully, make friends ,why quality goods in honest pack” ,, ”should be emphasized. .. , . QUALITY" . * RELIABILITY ‘ ISERVICE NUMBER VIII . ll‘Cparlng Farm Exhibits for the Fan‘s, Some Suggertz'om 53/ an Experienced Exéiéitor among every class of dealers as well i as the ultimate consumers. Several years ago the Writer worked on the farm of a peach grower who received , a consignment of baskets holding one- sixth bushel. They were shipped by mistake. He had been using onefifth bushel baskets. This grower needed baskets but he. sent back the one-sixth bushels at once. He did not attempt to fool any, ' buyers and had sense enough to know , that it couldn’t be done. He started from the first to sell packages thatW were right, and undoubtedly it has paid. Buyers of apples appreciate barrels 7 of fruit that are graded and even from top to bottom. A barrel looks nice with the top and bottom faced with ' two or three layers of fine appearing fruit, but if the middle is not of the same quality, the grower is practicing a form of deception that reacts against the apple business. Consumers who eat good apples from the top of their barrel, and then find poor quality fruit,“ consider themselves cheated, even if they have made no more than the Value of the fruit. Today most buyers of food seem to regard quality more than price. With all the kicking on the cost of living that appears in the papers, it is true that people often worry more about what they can buy, than what they have to pay for it. It is a common occurrence for a housewife to say, “If I_can get fruit that is good, I am wil- ling to pay a good price for it, but I hate to trade good money for cull stock.” ply to all buyers, but it does apply generally to the class of city buyers who invest in first-class fruit of all kinds. Eggs are other articles produced onl the farm that should be just as good inside as out, The buyer does not always know their quality from apr pearances, but must buy on faith. Eggs from hidden nests should never be mixed with fresh stock. When eggs' are sold as fresh stock, they must be fresh, and no guess-work allowed. The farmer cannot quiet his conscience by saying, “They looked fresh and I don’t believe they had been in that nest very long.” It doesn’t take long for a setting hen to spoil a large num- ber of eggs in a hidden nest. Farmers need to receive good prices— for all they produce in order to pay the cost of production and have the comforts of life Cooperative associa- tions can obtain better prices for qual- ity fruit, but good quality must be the foundation on which they build a bus- iness. Farmers may not make as much money as some business men for the effort expended, but in a. way, farming is just like any other busi-' ness. The buyers in our cities do not invest in automobile tires, socks, _ shoes, melons, suspenders, theater tickets, eggs, witch hazel, raspberries, grapes, oranges, or apples, except as -_ they buy them on faith, and they do not want any more of the same kind 0‘ unless their faith is justified by the quality of the goods they buy. A31 remember, it is the man who sells goods that makes the money. The. Of course, that does not ap- .. -‘. 11 has ' , . ture for, the building of. . Published Weekly Established 1343 Copyright 1927' The Lawrence PublishingCo. Editors and Proprietors 1632 Lafayette Boulevard Detroit. Michigan Telephone Randolph 1530. YORK OFFICE. 420 Imington Ave. ‘ CHICAGO OFFICE. 608 South Dearborn St. LEVELANDO OF.FICE 1011-1013 Oregon Ave” N. E. PHILADELPHIA OFFICE. 201- 263 South Third St”. UABTHUR CAPPER MARCO MORROW gt? LAWRENCE I. B. WATERBURY .................... . BURT WERMUTH ..................... } Associate FRANK A. WILKEN ................... Editors. ILA A. LEONARD ..... ' ................ Dr. C H. Imigo ...................... ‘ R00 d Advisory Stair Frank H. Meckel ........................ I. R WATERBURY ......... 1. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION :——One Year. 52 issues. 50c. sent postnaid. Canadian subscription 500 a year extra. for postage. DDRESS —-—It is absolutely necessary 1115th flag? the name of your Old Post Office. as well as your New Post Office. in asking for a change of address. RATES OF ADVERTISING. 55 cents per line. agate type measurement. or $7. 70 per inch (14 agate lines per inch) per insertion. No ul- .vertisement inserted for less than $1. 65 each insertion. No objectionable advertisements inserted at any price. Entered as Second. Class Matter at the Poat Office at Detroit, Michigan. Under the Act of March 3.1879. Member Audit Bureau of Circulations. Free Service to Subscribers GENERAL. —Aid in the adjustment of unsat- isfactory busineSs transactions. VETERINARY :——-Prompt advice from expert veterinarian. LEGAL :-—Opinions on all points. prominent lawyer. HEALTH z—Prantical personal advice from an experienced doctor. FARM —:Answers to all kinds of farm ques- tions. by competent specialists. HOME :——Aid in the solution of all kinds of home problems. from a VOLUM E CLXlX DETROIT, AUGUST 20, 1927 CURRENT COMMENT E have recently found that it costs $3.35 per year C0“ of to deliver mail to the R.F.D. farmer. The United States post office 'has reported that about 31, 000, 000 were be- ing served on rural 10utes,at an an- nual cost of $104, 650, 000, or about $3.35 per farmer. We doubt if there is another govern ment service which does as much good for as little money, as this. If it were not for the rural routes, thousands of people would have infrequent contact with the outer world. Aside f1 om be- ing a. convenience to the farmer, the R F. D. has been a great factor in rural education.‘ The low cost bespeaks of the effi- cient way in which the R. F. D. is handled, but regardless of what the cost might be, free delivery should be for those who choose to live on broad acres, contributing their share to the world in food products, even before others who may sit in city offices and endeavor to get rich by their wits mther than by work. NUMBER lilGli'l‘ The T the recent Farm- ers’ Day, .0. W. Pugsley, president of South Dakota Agricul- tural College, ended his speech by quoting and commenting on what former Sec- retary of Agriculture Henry Wallace said shortly before his death, as fol- lows: " ‘During the next twenty years, either consciously or unconsciously, .the United States will adopt fairly defi- _ nite policies as to industry and agri- . culture. We are approaching that pe- . riod which comes in the life of every , ., nation when we must determine whether We shall strive for a well- 1;. rounded self-sustaining national life .111 Which there shall be a fair balance ,fbetWeen industry and agriculture, or ‘ hetber, as have so many nations in This is the Time NANCE ............................. Secretary , . .Business Manager ‘ 1.“.Iudg'ing from the’ agitation .whieh We hear on all sides, we are in the midst of determining just what our nationfs decision shall be, and the fu- ture of agriculture .will- depend upon the answers to the questionsbeing asked today.” Everybody, in business and industry, as well as agriculture, knows that we .are at a. crucial period in American, agriculture. We feel sure that all want agricultural life to be a happy and prosperous one, because. of the general realization that the lasting well-being of one business is depend- ent upon the well-being of all. The means of bringing about agri- culglral prosperity and stability is the mooted question. Mistakes will prob- ably be made, but in due time the right means will be brought about. This country is unhampered by class prejudices and such shackles as bind the older countries, so there is little fear that agriculture will decline to a. peasantry basis instead of taking its rightful place among life’s activities. ARM property is moving! The de- mand for farms is al- ready gaining mo- mentum.” That quo- tation comes from the report made of farm conditions, issued by the Federal Land Bank of St. Paul, which includes Michigan in its district. This report indicates, further, that the trend in land values is decidedly upWard, and, although the past has been hard and discouraging to many, the future is rich in a stronger inter- est in land and improved farming, and a. general better farming outlook. Here is more from the same source that may be of interest: “The farmer who gives up now thmfligh neglect of his obligations is showing the white flag just when he is getting himself in a position to reap the reward of What has been a long, courageous fight.” With special reference to Michigan, the report states that some belieye there will be a fifty per cent increase in farm sales by 1929. Many people are exchanging city holdings for farms, and quite a. few boys are going back to the farm, convinced that it has op- portunities at least equal to those of the city. We really have no comment to make on this report, except to say that our knowledge of the sitaution prompts us to share the optimism dis: played in it. Time to Hang On HE rapidity with which modern in- vention has been mak- ing strides during the past generation, makes it easy to re- call the first time we spoke through a telephone, our first ride in an auto- mobile, the first time we received a. telegram, and undoubtedly many have not yet recovered from the thrill and awe experienced when they first lis- tened to a radio. Our close contacts with these modern inventions have been thrilling adventures. But after all, these adventures are only temporary. They impress us greatly at the time, but in the rapid stride of_events, are forgotten, to be recalled only when the next big ad- venture is experienced. But the other. day, in meeting a group of active farm women we were impressed by a. new kind of adventure, 3 sort of permanent adventure, that these women were experiencing. One woman had, through her own ingenuity, .dQVeloped a’ home-made candy business conducted entirely by direct mail, that was supporting a tam. ily of five. Another, by the scientific care and management or her flock of hens, had been able to install a run- ning water system in her home, and1 give it a new coat of paint. Still ah- other had, through her own manage- ment of craps and live stock, paid of: The Thrill of Doing Fortune are doing much to bring farm ~ women out of the daily rut 01-th ing dishes and making beds. They are putting to economic use their: time which has been liberated by modern borne conveniences, and are getting real thrills out of their adventures. IGH'I‘Y-FIVE per cent of the Miche igan apple crop . is scabby this year, ac- cording to reports. The Cost of Careless- ness Such a condition is. unfortunate, as the apple crop is light this year and good fruit will bring a good price. Conditions Were favorable for the development of scab, and it developed as there was nothing to stop it. Spray methods are scab preventives when properly and thoroughly used, as scab cannot develop on fruit surfaces cov- ered with a thin coating of lime sul- phun Careless spray methods ‘may suffice ., in years when conditions are unfavor- able to scab development, but in a. year like this comes the real test of the efficiency of one’s methods. > hAn inspection of the apple orchards reveals that those who sprayed prop- erly have clean fruit, while the others will undoubtedly have to seek cider mill markets for their products. Is the eighty-five per cent of scabby fruit the price that fruit growers have to pay for carelessness? College au- thorities, and others capable of judg- ing, believe it is. Not only in fruit growing, but in all lines of farming one could figure as- tounding losses due to careless meth- ods. Carelessness in seed selection, carelessness in seed treatment, care. lessness in soil care and management —«why name more ?—are great factors that keep the largest figures in some farm accounts on the debit side. UR memory needs not to go back very far to when light- ning rods were thought to be the tools of schemers. They were looked upon with suspicion and those who had them installed were apparently advertising to the public that they had been duped. Cold facts, however, have proven that lightning rods serve the purpose for which they are intended. The National Fire Protection Asso- ciation’s committee, which contains three members from the federal de- partment of agriculture, have estimat- ed that the country’s loss from light- ning is around $20,000,000. The num- ber of farm persons killed each year by lightning is nearly 500. V This loss to property and life, the committee re- ports, could be greatly prevented by proper lightning protection. The history of the lightning rod in- dicates that time and experience will prove all things. One of the greatest needs of agriculture is to have proven many of the things over which there is still uncertainty. Industry has made wonderful advancement through he Lightning Results the results of research Farming also, will make more rapid advancement when agricultural research is made m-ore intense. There are still many things regarding farming that are on~ the old-time lightning rod basis. F, potato tours are . any indication, we feel assured that Mich- igan will become na- tionally known as a. potato state, Three tours occur in the month of August, one in the northwestern part of the state, another in the Northern Penin- 311111, and the third in the south cen- tral section of the Stamp . ‘ ‘ Aside from the resume which grow- The Potato Tours ers. in Ohio, Pennsylvania, and many: " ”x z, 1 * ’ .- ‘ a g'é . . .- . seed in other parts of the country at-gs tend these tours, see how our potae" toes are grown, and make it personal r" 1‘ ' , acquaintance with the growers. _ Not only do these tours add to the conviction of outsiders that Michigan. potatoes are all right, but they dem- ' castrate to other Michigan farmers . i" that real potatoes can be grown it grown in the right way. The results of potato work in this state, as revealed in an article, on anr other page/ of this issue, have been very gratifying. The state is not only becoming known as a. seed potato oen- ‘ ter, but the modern methods used have resulted in higher production at less .‘cost. To many farmers intelligent'po- tato growing has brought about the solution of their farm economic prob- lems. " C/zoose ' BEING as the President made a. statement, I’m going to. do like- wise. So here it is; “I dhn’t choose to run fer president enter anything else.” I say that because it will take lots more than that to make.me run. All, those who know me know (I ain't foolin’, ’cause -I’m a. man of his word. But, of course, I kin change my mind. This choosing business is quite a. thing in life. I choose to be rich, and Sofie chooses to have a. fur coat, but I: know positively What a fellow chooses, he don’t always get, and what he don’t choose he sometimes gets. Now, I choose a. calm and peace- ful life. I don’t believe in hurry- ing through life. because I like to enjoy the scenery while I am going. .I’m‘ sure I won’t come back this way again. Even if my personality, or What you call it. will'be in a pig or, something, like the Chinese think, I don’t think I’d be ableto see the scenery in the same way through pig eyes. Well, come to think of it, I didn’t even choose to live. Itreally didn’t have much to do about it, or even at what time I was to liVe. This is a. pretty good world now, but I’d like to live about a. hundred years from now. Then I think I could get some enjoy- munt out of farming, ’cause all you’ll have to do is/to push a button and your taming will be done for you. Of course, if you don’t know how to push the button you kin get s0mebody to do it for you. . If I was living in 2020, the Hy Syckle Farm Corporation would have experi- enced machinists and electricians, as well as soil and plant experts,’and~1, as president, would be busy knocking golf balls around the greens. '\ ,Play is easier than” work, even if it is harder to do. In work you got to have some useful object, while in play it’s got to be a useless object. It’s lots more interesting to have a-useless object. It’s lots more fun playing cro- quet than hoeing the garden, so I choose croquet. If"this world-"was made right, hoeing would be as inter- esting as croQuet. But I donft choose to change the world. That would be a. too useful object to Work on. ' I choose to quit writing right'now, ”(for this time), and that’s one thing ' I choose to do, I kin do. It’s lots ease ier to stop than it is tgl start, espe- cially when it”s work. Y SYCKLE. Country seed dealers who once sold only half a. dozen kinds or garden seed now carry twenty or more kindsi «that contain the Valuable vitamins. A- Kansas City doctor declares that an esperienoed' phySICian can tell“ the volume of blood in amindivid‘dal’ \ql,‘ * truck farming, - commercial fertilizers. "farming”; as ‘ T TRICT .adherehce to theibest san- ciples of successful, merchandis- ing of farm products has resulted " -in making the Ira, W. Martin farm on, the Cassopolis road, just below the state line, a highly successful and model truck farm and roadside mar- ketplace. ’ ' Production of a quality product is the fundamental principle in the suc- cessful conduct of any business, wheth- er it be automobile manufacturing or in the estimation of Mr. Lash,-active manager of the farm. His products are all sorts of vege- tables, such small fruits as strawber- ries and raspberries, melons, sweet corn, tomatoes and peaches. When the Martin farm first started its» activities, it consisted of a small, and not particularly attractive house, ' set in a corn field, a barn that was in a. not too good state of repair, a light sandy soil that required an abund- ance ‘of moisture and hadn’t got it, and ' a soil that had been largely depleted of its humus by the cultivation of al- ‘- most identical crops over a long pe- riod of years. > Said Mr. Lash, “A man must put something in his stomach if he expects ’ to keep going, and it is the same thing 'with soils. Our soil here is light and requires humus, and I use plenty of I have used limestone and alfalfa to some extent, but I have used. other fertilizers still more generally. The fertilizer builds up_ the humus and the shifting of crops from one part of the fields to another helps to retain it. One never kno‘Ws ' where my tomatoes are going to be planted from one year to the next. When my raspberries fail to come up to the proper standard of production, I plow them under and buy new plants. Anything else is poor economy.” Vegetables need a sufficiency of Electricity Will IhflUcncc Farming By R. L. Aldrich , - moisture, and to assure his crops of a reliable supply, Mr. Lash drove a well _ twenty feet deep, hooked it up with a ga'solinefiriven pumping plant with a capacity of 3,000 gallons per hour, con- structed a system of irrigation pipes about 1,200 feet in length, and ranging in diameter from one and one-half to two and one-half inches. Thus his crops are assured a regular supply of water throughout the season. “Any farmer who'figures that his ir- rigation system will pay for itself in the first year, is going to be badly fooled, ” Mr. Lash pointed out. “But he can bank on it that it will pay hand- somely over a period of years.” Keeping good vegetables in good shape is the next problem, and Mr. Lash solves this by the construction .of a vegetable house which has sup- planted the bam. A cement—lined root cellar provides ample storage space for potatoes and other roots, the first floor is used as a storage place for more periShable products. his tomatoes green, and ripens them in the vegetable house, holding that permitting them to ripen on the vine invariably results in unnecessary loss- es. Similarly he finds it good econ- omy to construct his hot-beds and cold frames with concrete to eliminate fre- quent replacements and unnecessary expense. 4 ' Having provided a quality product, the next problem is to attract“ cus- tomers. ' Mr. Lash does all his advertising on the farm. His front yard is the most attractive along the road, luxuriant with .peonies, curran't bushes, and many-colored flowers of all sorts. He has constructed a highly artistic road- side market, as displayed in the illus- tration, neat, tidy, and attractive. A sign above it gives the name of the farm and the general class of mer- The Roadside Stand on the Martin Farm is the Market Place for Many of its Products. \ Lite/y to Bring 82g Cflanges 1'72 Metfloa’s ROWING of food products 'for the nation in the future will prob- ably be conducted on very large farms, where quantity production- » methods “will prevail, and where cost- accounting will be carried on as care- fully as in any factory. This “factory-farming” idea is em- bodied in a report received at Ann Arbor by the public utility information bfireau from Professor E. A. Stewart, of the division of agricultural engin- eering, Univeifly of Minnesota. Pro- fessor Stewart has been engaged for , several years in studying the field of usefulness of electricity in lowering production costs and increasing yields . on farms. “Electricity on the farm will change the farm practices and will change the type of farming in just the same way that it changed city factory meth- eds, city industries, and even oflice routine,” his report declared. “The farmer who will not be changed is ' likely to bedisappointed in’farming. “May we predict that, as this intri- cate .web of rural lines extends out , over the, farming districts of the mid- dle states, large factory type farms specializing in one line will spring up, new, types of machinery and equip“, ment will be put to use, and the small : farmer in isolated districts will find farming less profitable than ever. It ture, mainly because of the advent of electrical power. May electricity do for agriculture what it has done for urban industries.” In all kinds of farm work investi- gated'by Professor Stewart, large sav- ings, both in labor and in money, were found to result with the introduction of electricity into the operations. The cash cost of grinding fifty bushels of feed "with a gas motor was' found to be $2.58 on. one farm; while with an electric motor, the same quantity could “ be ground in less time for fifty-three cents, he reported. Similar savings wlere reported for milking, water pump- ing, hoisting hay, refrigeration, hatch- ing chicks, and egg production. “The amount of savings and the amount of additional income indicate that electricity can be used so as to earn its cost, and even more. It can bring in additional income above its cost.j i. wilLbe themerlnd/ofeentralization of tion of inane; ‘ :‘gmm u..-_.. 1-...‘4‘. l l l l The “Ga Engine and the Traehord-lave Done Much to Take the Drudgory out .1“ Farming Electricity Premises Even Further to Substitute for Hand Lab. armmg’ How 0726 Man D061 [2‘ Profitaé/y He picks pat-cv- This year" individual signs consisting of thin boards about two and one-half feet long and two inches wide, mounted onf, slender uprights, have been construct- ed by Mr. Lash, each sign bearing the ‘ name of one commodity that is} for. chandise to be sold there.w sale there. They are neatly painted, , in fact, Mr Lash says that unless a, farmer is adept with the brush he might better have the signs made by a regular sign painter, because a. slop- py, unattractive sign will react to the discredit of the entire establishment. “You only get out of something what you put into it,” Mr. Lash sums up."‘If you are going to depend on the same. methods that were used by your an- cestors, you aren’t going to do anyN’ better than they would do in the mod- ern market. It may be all right to produce a 1908 model automobile ill 1927, but selling it will be something:3 ‘ else again. ” In other words, opines Mr. Lash, the fundamental principles of agriculture have not changed, will never change, _ but progress has brought to the farmer I new and simpler methods of providing E the essentials for carrying out those- principles. Concrete is more durable; than wood, gasoline is more advan-E tageous than hand-power or horse! power. Government subsidies for ag-l ricultural research have given the? farmer a source of information in re» gard to their profession that they nev— er had before, and it is purely up to the individual farmer whether he wants to take full advantage of it Mr. Lash does, and the Martin farm draws customers from all over the country. A short mile away are two old-fashioned farms where old methods are used, and the customers are few and far between and the proceeds are small. or not. “In order, however, to take full ad— vantage of electric service, many farm- steads will need to be reorganized, new buildings put up, made especially for electric operations. Buildings may be scattered at present for added fire pro- tection, but electric lighting makes concentration of buildings possible by reducing fire hazard. Scattered build- ings increase wiring costs, and in- volve the waste of much time in do- ing chores.” With electricity available, wells do‘ not have to be located where the wind blows, he said; the electric refriger- ator will not be placed where the ice refrigerator is; the milking machine and cream separator do not need to be put in the pump house, and the washing machine does not have to be used in a back shanty. ‘ MILK CONSUMPTION INCREASES. ACCORDING to a statement issued by Professor H. H. Ross, of the Farm Management Department of Cor- nell University, the consumption of milk in New York has increased ' eighty-five per cent over that of 1912. The estimates of the U. S. Depart- ment of Agriculture show that the pro- duction of milk last year increased four million pounds over 1925. Most'7 . of this increase was consumed as fluid“, I milk in households, and used in the manufacture of butter and ice c It is estimated. that over two :bi pounds more milk was used-fin“ News and Vlews ”if From INGLESIDE FARM—By Stanley Powell . HAVE promised to have a further word” to say regarding the care of farm horses. A book might be written on such a broad subject, so anything that might appear in this col- umn would of necessity have to be brief and sketchy, and of a rather gen- eral nature. Care of the Farm Horses. The conditions under which horses work in this state are many and var- ied. A good many horses are kept at heavy work nearly every day, while with others the work is seasonal, and there are long periods of light work or comparative idleness. Some horses are kept in the barn the year around, while others are turned out on pasture nearly all of the time that they are not working. Some horses eat a half bushel of oats a day, and have plenty of hay, while others receive slim ra- tions of'hay, and little or no grain. Regularity Important. No matter what the plan or program of caring for the horses on your farm may be, it is safe to say that consist- ency and regularity are of no little im- pmtance. Horses, as well as all other farm animals, are creatures of habit. They get hungry and thirsty the same time on Sunday that they do on any other day of the week. I like to feed our horse here at Ingleside at just the same time each day, and even on Sun- day I try not to be more than an hour off schedule for any ,meal. Perhaps just as important as the matter of feed, is water. A horse gets thirsty, no matter whether he is being used or not. I believe that all horses kept in the barn should be watered at least three times a day, and that in hot weather horses at hard work should drink more frequently. One of the best teamsters that we ever had at Ingleside used to water the horses the first thing in the morning and the 1 last thing before going to bed, and the usual number of times during the day. Besides the times that we lead them to water, our horses always have an opportunity to drink as they go to work and as they come in at noon and night. When our horses have had a hard day, and the weather has been hot, I lead out each horses after supper, give him a chance to drink, tie him out- doors and clean him off. Even a horse that is wringing wet may be scraped off with the right kind of a curry-comb so that he will rest more comfortably, and the task of cleaning him in the morning will be far pleasanter and easier Of course, the matter of feed de- pends on the supply of grain and roughage at hand, and the work to be done. We depend on oats almost en- tirely for grain for our horses here at Ingleside. Each work horse is fed four quarts of cats three times a day, unless idle, and then the allowance is ' cut down to about three quarts. The college has experienced gOOd i results with a ration consisting of a1- fal'fa hay and corn. There may be plenty of alfalfa this year, but we’ll venture the guess that few Michigan horses will munch much corn during the next twelve months. __ ‘M-m" How Are Their Grinders? With prevailing prices of feeds, it would be good business to make sure that your horses are properly equipped to extract the nutriment from the feed that you give them. If a horse has ,' some long teeth in the back part of .9» his mouth that prevent the rest of his teeth from coming together, he could hardly be expected to thrive. '_ has a crooked tooth sticking out To the cheek and making it raw, his 'v_"te is equally unhappy. ' Just because you don’t often see Or if» Jn the back part 'of a horse a 1 mouth, it isn’t safe to conclude that everything is all right. Better have a veterinarian float down the teeth and put them in proper' chewing order. It’s a strange thing that many farm- ers who wouldn’t think of trying to get along with a dull mower sickle, or worn out cutting bar on their binder, will allow their horses to struggle along with teeth that keep them in misery, and prevent them from making efficient use of their feed. With good teeth and proper feeding and regular, intelligent care, the horse should be in condition for work. But a bare horse can’t do much. .He must be harnessed to deliver'his power to the whiffletree and the neckyoke. A {the collar.- or an object a}! pride and pleasure, de- ' ' pending on the attitude and inclina- tion of the teamster. But anyway, the most essential arti- cle of . apparel for the work horse is The hames may be rusty and the lines twisted and the breech- ing patched with baling wire, withOut serious injury to the horse if the col-v lar ,fits and is kept clean, and the height of the draft is properly ad- j.usted In buying a collar there is more to keep in mind than themere matter of length. Probably no’ two horses ever had shoulders exactly alike. Dora‘the Second, last mate of the late lament- ed Daisy, had sore shoulders most of last summer in spite of all the salves and dopes and pads we could use. Her neck was full in the middle, so that an ordinary collar would rock back and forth. A half-sweeny collar, purchased last fall, brought prompt and lasting relief. SOllTHWESTERN MICHIGAN POTA- T0 TOUR. ' S OUTHWESTERN Michigan will have a potato tour which will‘ be held during the week of August 29. The tentative itinerary is as follows: Jackson county, August 29; Branch county, August 30; St. Joseph county, August 31; Cass county, September 1; Berrien county, September 2. This tour is a part of the potato pro- gram begun last March, when the New York Central Lines and the Michigan State College cooperated in the oper- ating of the Seed Potato Train. At that time 3,000 bushels of cetrified seed potatoes were distributed to 600 farmers. These potatoes were used in demonstrations under the supervision of the Michigan State College to show the value of certified seed as compared to ordinary seed in the same field. The results apparently are very out- standing, and any farmer who grows potatoes, whether for market or his own use, cannot afford to miss seeing these demonstrations, which prove con- clusiVely the merits of certified seed. Picnic dinners will be held in each county where conditions are favorable and time permits. Bring your dinner along and do not leave the wives or children at home. They will be inter- ested, too. WASHTENAW 4—H GIRLS ENJOY WEEK IN CAMP. FROM the time of the ceremony of “Burning Old Man Grouch,” on Monday evening, August 1, until the Indian good bye on Saturday, August 6, the program of the Wash’tenaw County.4-H club girls who attended Camp Birkett, was chuck full of edu~ cation and pleasure. ‘ \ Miss Green, assistant state club leader, Michigan State College, spent the week at the camp giving the girls lessons in toy making, supervising the swimming, teaching table etiquette, and table service, and conducting dem- onstrations, etc” Miss Ives and Mr. Stewart, garden supervisors of the recreational depart- ment of Detroit, and Maurice Huber- man and Burton Zellic, 4-H club mem- bers, and bird club members of De- troit, spent Tuesday evening at the camp, when each one of the four gave a short talk on birds. Maurice and Burton entertained the girls" with a - the old world by plane. ‘ing their fl ht rail: . m ‘3' ‘Wsdnesflay morning. A total of tWen- tty-seven attempt birds were identified by the bird club members for the girls. Miss Buchanan, of the Victor Talk- ing Machine-Company, spent Friday. at the camp, teaching the girls how to appreciate good music, how to lead singing, and several new 4-H club songs. Miss Cora Hass, county school com- missioner, also gave the,girls some training in ’music on Thursday after- noon. Her class was concluded with a music memory contest in which the girls in the Chippewa tribe won first place. About twenty visitors attended the Council Fire of Service, and the cam dle-lighting‘ ceremony, Thurs ay evens ing. Each evening program was 0011» ducted according to Indian fashion, and each bunch of girls was organ- ized as an Indian tribe. ’ News of the WeelE—I Johnny Weissmuller, of Chicago,, swam 200 yards in two minutes and one and one-fifth seconds, thus break- ing a record of thirteen years stand- ng Henry Ford was the first passenger Colonel Charles Lindbergh ever took up in his trans-Atlantic plane the “Spirit of St. Louis.” It occurred dur- ing Lindbergh’s recent visit at Detroit . It was also Ford’s first airplane ride. The Alpine passes between France and Italy have been closed by the Italian government, much to the in- convenience of all tourists. Based on the study of 450 students at the Chicago University, Dr. William Sheldon, university psychologist, says that fat men are dumber than thin ones. It is announced that the Postal Tel- egraph Company will establish radio service between the United States and the Philippines. A new cable will also be laid from the Philippines to China. New floods threaten 'sections of southeastern Arkansas. Heavy rains in the Arkansas river watershed will raise the river to its highest point since spring. A mem01ial was recently unveiled. at Fletcher, N. C., in honor of Stephan C. Foster, writer of “Swanee River,” and other southern melodies. ' James Oliver Curwood, nationally known author who lives at Owosso, is seriously ill from an infection. Trotzky, one of the original leaders of the Soviet movement, and Zinovietf, have been expelled from the central committee of the Russian communist party, thus being stripped of all powér. Applications of 14, 780 teachers are on file with the Det10it Board of Ed- ucation for positions as teachers, about double the number now employed. Edward Schlee, a Detroit business man, and his pilot, William Brock, will start a flying trip around the. world, planning to do it in twenty- days, thus endeavoring to beat the. record of twenty-eight days established by Ev- ans and Wells. Van Lear Black, p isher of a Bal- timore newspaper, a, his daughter, charteredea plane in Europe and saw They flew 18, 000 miles. Major-General Wood, governor-gen: eral of the Philippines, died at Boston after an operation, at the age of sixty- six years. He was prominent as a, statesman and ofiicer. His burial was .at Arlington Cemetery, among his fel- - low soldiers. The subWay in New York was wreck< . ed at Broadway and Twenty- eighth street, by a bomb, said to have been placed by Vansetti and Sacco sympa- thizers. Blots by sympathizers have occur1 ed in several other large cities. Colonel Charles Lindbergh was the guest of the city of Detroit on August 10-11. A bronze tablet was unveiled at that time at his birthplace on For- est avenue. He was the guest of Grand Rapids on August 12. The executive committee of the. "Finna. Fail, the Irish republican party, ,headed by Eamonn do Valera, unanti- 'mousl-y decided that they take alle- n . m lance to‘the British crown, .t . .* I 111311 ‘ \ ,r DEPT. STORES FROM COAST TO COASI MICHIGAN Adrian ’ .Albion Allegan Alma Alpena [Battle Creek Benton Harbor Big Rapids Calumet Caro Cheboygan Coldwater Escanaba Hillsdale . Holland -Houghton Ionia Iron Mountain Iron River Ironwood Ishpeming Kalamazoo Lapeer Ludington Marquette Manistee Manistique Monroe Muskegon Niles Owosso Petoskey Port Huron <4, . SHOOL-TIME “\ «q l C’, \“ \ . Through This Nation - Wide Personal 5hoppmq SCI/DICE?- CHOOL TIME! New clothes time! Money-spending time! Every mother buying resources than in all our past twen- ty-five years. The result is greater savings knows how this can use up the family on all of our purchases—and, as always, budget if she doesn’t shop with care and discretion. This year why not fol- low the example of the millions of mothers who have found how to effect large savings On their family require- ments? Go to your nearest J. C. PEN- NEY COMPANY DEPARTMENT STORE and shop be- fore you buy! You will find greater values than ever be- fore at our nearest 0 HELPING THE BOYS AND GIRLS RETURNING TO SCHOOL Boys’ Four-Piece Suits in medium grey and tan fancy weave eassirnere; single-breasted model with 1 longie.$7 90 l knicker and vest. Sizes 6 to 16 years. ’ Boys’ 805 Ecru Ribbed Union Suits Fleeced; good weight: long sleeves and ankle length’or short sleeves and knee length. 49c Sizes 2 to 12 years Boys’ 8 12 Woolvmixed Grey Ribbed Union Suits—Long sleeves andankle length. $ 1 49 Sizes 2 to 16 years ......... ° Boys’ 202 Heavy-weight Ribbed Hose In black and cordovan; made of combed 2 5 C yarn. Pair Girls’ Dresses Of ginghams, chambray and small all-over printed effects; plain colors; embroidery. 9 8 pleats. Generous pockets. Sizes 7 to 14. C Girls’ 300 Fine Gauge Full Mercerized Hose in both regular and popular 25c English rib; black and colors. . . Pair School Shoes For boys and girls, excelling in leathers and workmanship~the kind giving sturdy wear and style pleasure at price-savings. these important savings are passed on to our customers. A few dollars saved on Shoes and a few dol- lars saved on needed Stockings, Underwear and Clothing soon mount up to a tidy sum. You will make those savings at our stores. In addition, you will have the ad- vantages of seeing ex- actly What you buy BEFORE you buy it! Here you can examine quality, color and fit and know that you are Store, for the J. :C. r— Supplies for the schoolrooni—pencils, pads, etc. Saginaw St. Johns Sault Ste. Marie Sturgis’ Traverse City ‘ PENNEY COM- " getting the fullest PANY now has more Celebrating our 15th Anniversary VALUE f or every Stores and larger cash With N“‘,i°"""d° Values! dollar you spend. .‘ A NA TION- WIDE . aperienoed Young INSTITUTION‘ . Write today for our , esmen wanted to . - _ illustrated “ Store , train for our, store ‘- , News Fall Cataa . Dani's“! - ’ _ 1’ logue.” ‘ the clay, ”1 ME“: . MN ‘BCRAP THAT IS SOMETIMES USE- FUL. NE day last summer (it was an overcast day after haying had been completed), Lstopped at a farm to call upon an old friend I had not seen for several years. “You will find him out back of the barn,” said Mrs. W——-, in “answer to my inquiry. I went out ”back and found Bill hard at work upon an old mower. This is what he was 'doing: I thought it good enough to write down for the benefit of the read- ers of this magazine. He was scrap- ping the machine, which had passed its day of usefulness, and saving all parts that might come in handy at some future time. Finally, he took me to a near-by shed and showed _me his useful 'scrap heap. It seems that any machine that had been worn out on the farm was im- mediately dismantled, and everything that might be useful was saved. There were mower parts, horse rake teeth, parts of wagons, and even a good many parts of an old Ford car. All the parts were neatly piled, sorted as to size, and the bolts, rivets and screws placed in boxes. Even some of the Wood parts of the wagons had been saved. He confessed that he often vis- ited auctions and purchased old ma- chines, just for the chance of dismant- ling them. Old harnesses were there, also, the strap and parts carefully sep‘ arated, oiled and hung up. “What use do you find for all of this junk?” I asked. “Well, there is scarcely a day but I find something useful, and the neighbors come to me, too,” he replied. “I often sell a part for what it cost me to buy the whole machine at auction. All the scrap iron is sold to the junk man, anyway.” Here is an idea that many farmers could follow with profit. Too often the old machine is allowed to sit out under a tree until it is completely ruined. It is true that many parts are worth saving—C. H. C. BUILDING COSTS. I should like to know the relative costs of material for building a house of cement blocks, cobblestone or stuc- co, as compared to an ordinary frame house.——S. F. M. The relative costs of material for building a house of different kinds of material would be about as follows: Frame house with siding, 100 per cent; frame house with stucco, 110 per cent; brick veneer house, 150 per cent; a cement block house without strips, 120 per cent; a’ cement block house with strips for lath and plaster, 140 per cent; cobblestone house 140 per cent. These figures must, of necessity, be approximate and will vary greatly with the costs of material in various com- munities, and with the cost of labor, and the efficiency with which the work was carried on.—F.\\E Fogle. ‘ a. HOME-MADE CEM ENT. Can you tell me what proportions of wood ashes, clay, salt and water to use to make What I have been told is a lasting cement? In this case, to be -_ used to chink a log cabin. ———B. L. P. The exact proportion of these in- gredients is not so very important. I do not think sufficient accurate ex- periments have ever been made to de- termine what would be the best pro- .« portion. , Usually, some ashes are mixed with and then salt added, and probably no two would have exactly the same mixture. If you had, say,a bushel of clay. use a peck of ashes and a. quart of salt, mix it thoroughly, using plenty of water so that you will puddle the clay good. If you get it i 4‘ a. ,, as THE "H“ We ‘ ANS CORNER—1-