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gThe Only Weekly Agricultural, Horticultural and Live Stock Journal in the State.





VOL. CXXXVI. No. 7. g

Whole Number 3535.





FARM NOTES





Farm Buildings and Equipment.

Any discussion of this subject, if it is

to be of the greatest value to the average

reader, must take into account the couch--

tions which are apt to prevail upon the

average farm. Most Michigan farmers





are not starting the farm plant new, but '





on the contrary, have more or less per-

manent buildings on their farms, as well

as such equipment as is absolutely nec-





essary for the growing of the ordinary:





farm crops. For this reason the prob~

lem, particularly as it relates to farm

buildings, must be studied by the average

reader with a view to the improvement

of the present plant, rather than to the

ideal which would he followed if an en-

tire new plant were to be built. In this

study of what must be an individual prob-

lem in each separate case, the first es-

sential is adaptability of the buildings and

equipment to the particular line of farm-

ing to be followed, while convenience and

economy in the doing of necessary work

, is a. close second as a factor which makes

for good management in the arrangement

or improvement of the farm plant and in

the providing of proper equipment for the

operation of the farm.



But this does not simplify the problem

for the average farmer. In fact, it makes

it more difficult. It is not nearly so. great

a task to plan a. new building that would

approximate the ideal as it is to remodel

iold buildings to . approach.‘ the $63.11 in





 





I‘l'a‘ses',‘ be done at far leSS expense than

would be reduired to build new from the

ground up, and the time and thought ex-

pended oh the problem will be well invest-

ed. The writer wrestled with this prob-

lem. of rearranging his farm barns long

and unsuccessfully before he hit upon a

plan which was satisfactory, but the

result finally a‘ttained fully compensated

for the effort expended in the added de-

gree of efficiency and economy secured,

and the changes made have paid a divi-

dend in this way which has not only ex~

ceeded the interest on the investment re-

quired, but has as well easily wiped out

the investment itself





DETROIT, Mica, SATURDAY, FEB. 18. 19".





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





An Economical Method of Erecting a Stave Silo.





 





(See description on page 170).





 





during the first ten

years after the remodel-

ing was done.



But it would not avail

to recount the problems

met with nor the meth--

ods followed in their so-

lution, since they would

not be the same as the

problems which would

confront the average

reader in the making of

needed alterations or

improvements in his

farm buildings. There

are, however, some es~

sential poinv which

m a y be mentioned

which will apply to a

sufficient proportion of





 





these cases to prove

helpful to the average

reader.





One of the most im—

portant of these essen-

tials is the making of

such alterations in ex-

isting barns as will per—

mit of the use of mod-

ern equipment for the

handling of hay and

grain from’the wagon

to the mow. In case

the buildings need a.

,general remodeling. it

#yvould be well to plan on

making such needed

changes at the same





Filling the Silo on the farm of Jake Lefingey, of Macomb Co.





 





(See “EconOmy in Filling the Silo,” page 170).





Shoo A YEAR.

$2.75 FIVE YEARS





time, but in case such a general improve-

ment is to be delayed for any length of

time, it will pay to make any needed al-

terations for the installation of some labor

saving device for this purpose at once.

The old-fashioned timber frame barn with

its purline beams right in the way has

deterred many farmers from installing a

device for this purpose. int this should

not be allowed to stand in the way of such

an improvement. ’l‘hcse purline beams

can be safely cut out after propcrly brac—

ing the frames in some other manner, and

the comparatively small investment re-

quired in making the change and in in-

stalling some one of the many modern

devices for the unloading of hay and

grain will save much expensive hand

lalmr, and make it possible to rush the

work of getting in the crops. with a pos—

sible large saving in their quality in many

cases.



Then there is Ihc question of water for

the stock, which is a most important and

frequently neglected improvement which

nccd not require a large cxpcnditurc. In

his younger days the writer passed

through the experiencc of drawing water

from an open well. with two buckets at-

tached to a chain which ran over a pulley

'hung above the wcll. A good hand-pump

seemed like a great improvement after

handling that wr-t chain in the frosty

wintcr days. but the labor of pumping

water for stock by hand is no small item

and in inOst cases the stock will often

suffer for the lack of water when itis

supplied them in this manner. Later a

windmill was erected and water was more

easily supplied in a large tank at which

the stock was watered or from which it

was carried in pails to stables and pens

in which stock were kept that did not

have access to the tank. This was a, much

pleasantcr task, lillt was still hard on tht

which did not gct its supply of

\vatcr automatically. To overcome this

dilliculty, pipes were laid from the main

supply tank and drinking fountains were

placed in all stables and yards where

stock was kept. The expense was not

large, as the labor was done with the reg-

ular farm help, but the results were most

satisfactory. This is an

improvement which is

needed on a majority of

farms. and which should

be one of the first

things to be done in the

bettering of the. farm





Sitit'k





plant. It is not an ex—

pensive improvement,

and by making the





drinking basins of con-

crete the work will be

pcrmanent. and the in—

vcstment will pay a.

very large dividend in

the benefit to the live

stock maintained on the

farm.



Another improvement:

which is badly nt-ulcvl

in most farm barns and

more win-

dows. It is not at all

ditlicult to find stables

in which stock is kept

throughout the winter

without a single win-

dow in them and in far

the larger proportion of

the stables to he found

in the older barns tlure

is nothing like adequate





slul'lcs is





lighting. Sunlight is

the first essential of

stable sanitation. and





pure air is the second.

If no better means are

provided for the venti-

lation of the stables it
.170 , (2)





can be accomplished through the medium

of the windows, but this is neither a sat-

isfactory nor an economical method. and

while the new windows are being in-

stalled where needed it will pay to pro--

cide for ventilation at the same time. In

many of the more modern barns which

are now being built the fresh air intakes

for the King system of ventilation are

the opening on the outside of the stable

made right in the window frames, with

at the bottom of the frame and that on

the inside at the top of the frame. Then,

by providing a main ventilating shaft for

the removal of the bald air in the stable,

adequate ventilatiOn will be provided for

at small expense. But if the King system

is not installed, the windows may be hung

to swing in from the top or out from the

bottom and provide for a degree of ven-

tilation that will be beneficial to the stock

confined in the stables, although such

ventilation will be secured at the expense

of a lowering of the temperature of the

stable to a greater degree than by the

King system.



There are many other needed improve-

ments about the barns and stables that

can be made quite cheaply with the home

labor, such as the laying of concrete

floors in the stables. the building of con—

crete water tanks, etc. Another improve-

ment in connection with the barns and

stables which is sorely needed on the av-

erage farm is a more convenient arrange—

ment of yards and small lots about the

barns and stables. The sheep yards, par-

ticularly, should be large enough to pr0<

vide for an adequate amount of exercise

for the breeding flock, and there should



. be paddocks into which the horses can be

turned and small barn lots for conven—

ience in handling the calves, the brood

sows and other farm stock. In fact,

there are so many ways in which the

average farm plant could be improved at

small expense, that it is ditlicult to deter-

mine why the average man puts off the

making of many improvements until such

time as he can see his way clear to re—

model the farm plant, entirely, au'l it has

been with the hope that the direction of

Michigan Farmer readers' attention to a

very few of the many essential things

which make for utility, convenience El'l'l

economy in the portion of the farm plant

mentioned might lessen this general ten-

(lcncy that the above has been written.



Preparing for Alfalfa.



I am a steady reader of the Michigan

Farmer and expect to be as long as I can

read, for it is the most loyal paper I ever

saw to the ambitious farmer. I have two

acres on which I want to try alfalfa, This

plot was cleared about 1:1 years ago, and

is a clay loam with heavy clay bottom

and with average care has growu over

not) bu. of potatoes per acre. I plowed

down a good sod, part clover. The next

spring worked it well and planted to corn.

keeping it clean. Last spring 1 plowed

and made a good seed bed for potatoes

and kept it clean again. Before plowing

the last time I applied a good covering of

_n\anure. Next spring I want to plow the

manure up. work it up fine. and try zil—

fal-fa. Should I sow a light seeding of

spring wheat as nurse crop. or is oats

better? Or do you advise sowing alone.

I never have lost a catch of clover on

this land. Do you think it best to inocu-

late this plot with pure culture, or try it

as it is. If so. please advise me where to

get the pure culture. “There can I get

good hardy seed close at home? I am

after alfalfa and I am going to get it be-

fore I quit.



(‘lseeola CO. L. V.



From the description it would appear

that this land should be in fine shape for

alfalfa. The plan which it is proposed to

follow in fitting it for the alfalfa crop is

a good one, providing the soil is well

firmed after plowing so as to provide a.

grim] good bed for the alfalfa. In case a.

nurse crop is to be used it is perhaps as

good a plill‘l as could be followed, but if

the case were the writer’s he wouid disk

or cultivate this potato ground instead of

plowing it, for the reason that the culti-

vation of the potato crop has killed the

Weeds in the surface soil pretty thorough-

ly, and the young plants will be crowded

by weed pests less than would be the

case if a fresh supply of wood seed were

turned to the. surface where they could

germinate and grow, on an even basis

with the alfalfa. plants. However, if the





land is plowed early and worked for a few»





weeks to secure a good seed bed many of

the weed seeds that would be turned up

will have germinated and the young

plants destroyed before the alfalfa is

sown.



While it is possible that inoculation

will not be needed on this land there is

no certainty of it, and it would be the

safer plan to inoculate either the soil or

seed with the bacteria peculiar to the

alfalfa plant. If there is a field of alfalfa

successfully established within reach of

you the best method of inoculation would

be to get about 300 lbs. per acre of the





THE. MICHIGAN. ,.EARMER-= ‘





soil from such a. field and sow, it on this

land when it is being fitted, This Soil

should be sown on a cloudy day and im-

mediately harrowed into the surface for

best results. If this is not practicable.

however, it will pay to inoculate with the

pure culture. This is provided at a nom~

inal cost by the bacteriological depart-

ment of the Agricultural College for ex-

perimental purposes, and 1s a liquid which

is applied to the seed.



Regarding the nurse crop, opinions vary

as to the better plan to follow. If it is

desired to sow the alfalfa seed compar-

atively early in the spring the best au-

thorities recommend the sowing of a light

nurse crop, which is cut for hay before

maturity. Bcardless barley is generally

recommended for this purpose because it

does not grow a heavy straw and does

not draw heavily on the soil moisture.

Spring wheat might be just as good. In

favorable seasons many Michigan growers

have allowed the grain sown for a nurse

crop to mature and harvested it without

apparent injury to the alfalfa, which

seems to be able to withstand a summer

drought where sown early even better

than clover. But we have many things

to learn about alfalfa in most Michigan

localities, and it is better to cut the nurse

crop for hay, if one is used at all, than

to take chances on any injury to the

alfalfa. _



Alfalfa seed is being grown to a lim-

ited extent in Michigan, but is not yet

available. in quantities outside the neigh—

borhoods where it is grown. The best

one can do at present is to buy of re-

spmlsible dealers who sell northern grown

seed, several of whom advertise in the

Michigan Farmer.



AmOunt of Alslke to Sow.





Please advise me through the columns

of our paper as to the proper amount of

alsike clover seed to sow on a black clay

loam to insure a good catch. I have nev-

cr raised any alsike and would like to

seed 20 acres after oats this spring.



l,.t.~no.Wee t‘o. SUBSCRIBER.



This is a question upon which farmers

disagree as widely as they do upon the

rate of seeding for best results with other

Crops. Alsike seed is about one-half the

size of clover seed. In the writer's opin-

ion four quarts per acre is sufficient for

this kind of soil. although some seed

more heavily than this where alsike is

sown alone. The heavier the seeding the

finer the hay.



Sowing Alsike on Dry Soils.



I would like information on sowing al—

sike clover on high sand and gravel soil

and the time and way of putting it on the

ground.



Barry Co. A SUBSCRIBER.



While alsike clover can be profitably

made a factor in the mixture of grasses to

be sown on high, open soils, it is not well

adapted to growing alone on such soils.

It needs a. rather moist soil for its best

development, and While it is hardy on

high and open soils, it will not grow large

enough to make a heavy crop. It may be

more profitably used in a mixture with

June clover. using about one-third or one-

half as much alsike as clover seed. Used

in this way it will help the quality and

yield of hay or pasture. Grass seed should

be borrowed or drilled into the soil on

this kind of land fer best results.





 





 





 





AN ECONOMICAL METHOD OF

ERECTING A STAVE SILO.





 





During the past year a large number of

silos have been erected in Michigan and

in all probability a good many more W’lll

be put up this year. In view of this I

thought an illustration of how we erected

a stave silo might be interesting and in-

structive to your readers. The picture

was taken on the farm of C. K. Farley, of

Lapeer Co., last September. while the

silo was in process of construction. All

the other new silos I saw last fall were

incased in a scaffold put up at consider-

able expense and labor. We found that

the scaffold was quite unnecessary.



The door frame was first fastened to-

gether, raised into place and securely

fastened. Then we started on either side

of the door frame putting the staves in

place. There were five men working, one

carrying staves and two on ladders at the

top of the staves to fasten them in place

as the other two placed them. The staves

were fastened together by means of barrel

staves nailed on the inside and were

braced on the outside with boards every

four or five feet. The two sections met

on the opposite side and we had only the

ordinary amount of trouble getting them

in place and the first hoop on. Five hoops

were put in place. the top ones being left

rather loose. We then started on the top

half. working only one way. The staves

being all in two lengths, 14 and 16 ft.,

made the work easy. The man at the





top had the easy job. having‘to'drive ev-





ery other stave into place and fasten them .

all together, as” on the lower half.





The work was started at seven o'clock

in the morning and the photograph was

taken at noon. At 10 minutes to six the

staves and hoops were all in place and as

tight as we could get them. The top was

not put on until after the silo was filled.



This seemed to us to be an easy, cheap

way and we know a quick way of putting

up a silo. Two of the men had had ex-

perience in putting up a neighbor's silo

a few days before but experience is not

necessary. Nearly any one could do it,

and‘we think it is away ahead of the

other method. We tried that on the oth-

er silo shown in the picture.



This method of putting a silo into place

will save a lot of work this coming year

if used throughout the state, and we all

know that the farmer can stand that.

The scaffold cannot be used in painting

the silo but that can be done nearly as

quickly from a. ISO-ft. ladder.



Lupeer Co. F. A. FARLEY.





 





ECONOMY IN FILLING THE SILO.





 





The silo shown in the out (see first

page) is 14x26 ft. in size, and holds 74

tons. I have an eight-horse gasoline en-

gine and a half interest in a large ensilage

cutter. Two men cut the corn, drew it

and run it through the cutter into this

silo in 4% days, with a third helping the

last half day. Six acres of corn filled the

silo. We cut it with a. corn binder, cut—

ting twice each day, morning and noon.

The corn was hoed by hand, so there is

not a weed in the ensliage.



The total cost of filling this silo, aside

from the labor above mentioned, was as

follows: Gasoline $2.50; 30 lbs, twine at

Sc, $2.40. This made the total expense

of filling the silo $4.90. aside from a total

of about 10 days' labor and 41/; days for

one team. which might be charged up at

current local prices, although the ‘help

was that regularly used on the farm. We

have used this outfit and filled our silo

by this method for three years, with the

same economy and good results.



Macomb Co. JAKE LEFINGEY.





THE SUGAR HOUSE AND ITS EQUIP-

MENT.





 





In reply to inquirer from Tuscola 00.,

“Problems in Maple Sugar Making,” I

would say that if soft coal is used for fuel

grates would be necessary. Several man-

ufactured evaporator arches would handle

soft coal or wood, or both together, and

my impression is that coal and wood

mixed would make a dandy heat for evap-

orating. If you are using a home-made

arch, see that the ash pit is good and

deep. say 18 or 20 inches below the grates,





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





\Nochfl1

Fire PET

WINDOW < R;

s 7 “i a

t 3 4 S"

a: o t

“— 7

‘5?

1 Pam

Pan

Pan 54

Syn; 2

Par? §,

g.)

Stash

W\\ MitNDOrI





 





 





 





Relative Position of Arch“

and Ventclntor‘





and full size of grate surface, built up of

brick, stone or cement. Have good

damper to ash pit and good, tight fire

doors.



It depends some on the size of the

evaporator as to the correct size of sugar

house. A 3x12-ft. arch would work nicely

in a 12-18-ft. building. with 6-ft. sides

and half-pitch roof. Set arch about 24

inches from one side. so as to have the

working side of pans near center of floor.

Put ventilator in the peak, say 20 inches

wide and two-thirds the length of arch.

in line with firing end of same, as 70 per

cent of‘ the evaporating is accomplished

on the front half of arch. The object of

placing arch between wall and ventilator

is so the drip from condensed steam will

not fall in pans.





Montcalm Co. M. J. Nuwsoun.





‘FEB. 18, 1911. _. ,





ANOTHER VIEW or “uNNoricsc

‘AND NEGLECTED THINGS."





 





The article in the Michigan Farmer 01

Feb. 4. by L. J. Bradley. was to the mind

of the writer, well worthy of careful con—

sideration. The purpose of this article is

not to combat Mr. Bradley, but to “Sec-

ond his motion,” with additions. How~

ever, I must, in part, disagree with him

in advocating the common use of the

pocket memorandum on the farm. It is

surely better to keep track of needed

odd jobs by the use of the pencil, and at-

tend to them than to forget and neglect

them, but I must strenuously object to

the idea of depending largely on the

memo. For young men especially the cul-

tivating of memory is quite as important,

to my mind, as the cultivation of grow-

ing crops. 'The memorandum may well

be used, like quinine pills, as a necessary

evil, to be resorted to in an emergency,

but for every-day use I would much soon—

er, as a principle, counsel the improve-

ment of memory by using the memory.



I fully agree with Mr. Bradley, that the

average farmer works too many hours,

and if this is true of the farmer is it n0t

fully as true of the average farmer's wife?

But perhaps it is not so much that either

work too many hours‘in a day, as too

meny days in. a year. I am not offering

this as a suggestion to the farmer to at-

tend every auction within ten miles or

every circus that comes to town, even

though he takes his family with him.

There is reason in all things—a good.

healthy, medium ground on which it is

well for all to stand. The farmer and his

wife, (especially the wife, for her duties

are more monotonous than his), need to

get away sometimes—out of sight of the

daily sound of home duties and, if pos—

sible, forget for a few hours, a day, or a

week, that there is such a thing as work.

I am not overlooking the fact that with

the difficulty of obtaining reliable help,

(perhaps that word reliable is nearly su-

perfluous), it is in many cases difficult

——-not to say impossible—to take these lit-

tle vacations, especially for the wife and

mother, without serious neglect of home

affairs. But how shall this difiiculty be

overcome?



We can have good tools and imple—

ments; we can keep our eyes open to see

that our wives are properly provided with

labor-saving devices which, if they only

save a little time each day, will mean a

great deal in ten years to an overworked

woman, But it is not my purpose to en-

courage reckless investments in all the

new-fangled fixings that are offered on

the market as wonderful labor~savers. It

requires good, level headed judgment to

properly discriminate between articles

that are of practical utility and those

that, like the peddler's razors, “Were not

made to shave but to sell."



We. and our wives as well, can carefully

plan our work—try to make every step

count—try to see where lies “The golden

mien," and ask (and if necessary, de-

mand), of our children—the girls as well

as the boys—such assistance as it is

proper for them to render, and no more.

\Ve should aim to do our work well, with-

out being “fussy” and if. after all. work

still piles up faster than we can take care

of it—why, let's just do the best we can.



Is it not a fact that many of our farm-

ers are making a mistake in overloading

themselves, (and their wives as well),

with work and care in an undue effort to

add to their possessions, property that

they or their families do not really need?

However, I am not advocating that any

farmer, if such he may be called, should

settle down in perfect contentment on a

few acres of land, or a larger acreage of

poor land, and eke out a bare existence

for his family, While the busy, hustling

world goes hurrying by, leaving him and

his family farther and farther in the rear.



“All should seek the golden mien

And live contentedly between

The little and the great.”



Among the “Unnoticed and neglected

things on the farm.” too much can hardly

be urged concerning the care of farm

implements. But it may seem like sing—

ing a worn-out song to mention the many

farms on which implements, all the way

from a corn marker to a binder, may be

seen at all seasons standing exposed to

the elements, and who among is fully

prepared to answer “not guilty?”



Another among the neglected things on

too many farms, is some systematic plan

of book-keeping. Brother Farmer, was

your education along this line so entirely

neglected that you feel that you are hard—

=ly prepared to properly perform this work?

If so it is the best reason in the world

why you should see that your son's edu«

cation is not similarly neglected. Then,



Kalamdzoo 00.. L. H. STODMRD-





 





 





 





 





. m .- ,r.’ ~"—.»‘ W— . .. 4.

+" W'Nwle-mW—v “out” "
2.2





V





FEB. 18.1911.





HOW POTATOES ARE GROWN IN ST.

JOSEPH COUNTY. '



I have been much interested in the dis-

cussion in the Michigan Farmer, of the

method of raising potatoes which Mr. C.

C. Lillie writes about and Mr. Jason

Woodman talks about at the farmers’ in-

stitutes. Mr. \‘Voodman was over toour

town last week and explained his methods

and I have decided to write this article

because our way of growing potatoes is

so different. Now, over here at Burr Oak

we have grown some potatoes for the last

30 or 40 years and have experimented in

many ways, and while we have not al-

ways succeeded in raising so large crops

as Mr. Woodman and his neighbors, we

have succeeded in gaining a. reputation

for quality which has caused Burr Oak

potatoes to sell for higher prices than

those from other places.



‘Ve raise potatoes for the early market

While Mr. ‘Voodman and Mr. Lill‘e raise

them for the late market or store them

in pits or cellars. Our crop is nearly all

drawn directly from the field to the car

and goes to market the last of .August

or first of September, or as soon as they

are ripe enough to ‘handlc without peeling.

In nine seasons out of ten the prices are

better for early potatoes and we save the

cost of storage and loss by shrinkage.

freezing and rotting and we have found

that a. good crop of wheat can be grown

after potatoes dug with a digger with but

little labor as the ground only needs liar—

rowing once or twice. and drilling] Mr.

\Voodman and his neighbors raise Rural

New Yorkers, or some varity of that kind,

while we raise Green Mountains or Dela-

ware's. Vt'e found that the Rurals were a

later potato, that the skin was too thin

on them to handle well if not thoroughly

ripe, and that they were not mealy when

cooked, if they were the least bit green,

and also that they did not sell as well as

some other varieties.



Our method of preparing the ground for

potatoes has been to cover the clover sod

with manure from the stables during the

fall and winter and plow the ground early

in the spring, but I think Mr. \Voodman’s

method of covering the ground with ma-

nure the year before it is plowed is a bet—

ter one. Mr. \Voodman told us that they

do not plant the same field to potatoes

oftener than once in seven or eight years.

while we often plant the same ground to

potatoes every four or five years, and I

think we would get better yields if we did

as he does on this point.



There are many different kinds of soil

in the vicinity of Burr Oak, from the low,

heavy beech and maple timber land to

the higher, lighter soil that was covered

with scrub oak, and we who live on the

higher. sandier soil have to use care in

selecting seed potatoes. We usually try

to get seed from the lower. heavier land

and prefer new ground and late planted

potatoes. We do not Select by picking out

single potatoes of a certain size or by tak-

ing hills that have a certain number of

good-sized potatoes in them, but we select

whole fields, that is, we get seed potatoes

from those fields which yield the largest

number of good-sized and good—shaped

potatoes and if any of the potatoes show

a. tendency to be run out or grow long

they are sorted out and not planted.





 





“'e cut our seed potatoes with one or

two eyes in a piece and try to get a good

sized piece of potato with the eye as near

the middle as possible, while Messrs.

\Voodman. Lillie and others plant whole

potatoes about the size of a hcn’s cug and

weighing about three ounces. As we get

large potatoes for seed it often happens

that the pieces with one eye, on are larger

than the whole potatos that they plant.



We plant our potatoes in hills two feet

nine inches apart each way, and use six

or seven bushels of seed per acre, while

they plant theirs one foot apart in rows

three feet four inches apart, which takes

about 2'5 or 30 bushels of seed per acre,

which would be quite an item of expense

if seed potatoes were a dollar a bushel,

as they often are here. \‘Ve have found

that whole potatoes planted the last week

in April or the first week in May, (the

usual time of planting here). would start

a sprout from nearly every eye and the

result would be a large growth of vines

and if the season was dry a crop of un-

dersized potatoes, but Mr. Woodman told

us that whole potatoes planted in Jtme

would start a sprout from only two or

three eyes next to the seed and we have

noticed that the eyes near the stem do

not grow as quickly as those near the

seed end. We have also found out that

the amount of moisture in the ground at

the time the potatoes are setting has a.

good deal to do about the number in a. hill





THE MICHIGAN FARMER. <3) 171





and. in ordinary'seasons one or two eyes

in a hill will start as many potatoes as

our soil will bring to marketable size.



I will conclude by giving the story of

a crop of potatoes grown last year on a

small lot back of my cousin’s blacksmith

shop in the village of Burr Oak. These

Green Mountain potatoes were planted

abOut the middle of May, one or two eyes

in a hill, two feet nine inches apart each

way and were cultivated only twice. The

vines grew to three or four feet in length

and covered the ground and the root

stocks with the potatoes on grew each

way until they met in the space between

the rows and further cultivation was out_

of the question. On several occasions in

the fall we dug and weighed several av-

erage hills that yielded from six to 10

good-sized potatoes and figuring 36 hills

to the square rod they yielded over 300

bushels per acre. Now, the most remark:

able thing about this crop of potatoes was;

that this was the 14th year this lot had

been planted to potatoes, and was the:

'best crop of the 14. The secret of this,

large yield was that the ground was lowf

enough to be moist all the time and that

it was near a stable from which the ma-

nure was scattered over it during the

fall and winter.



This proves conclusively to my mind ,

that the fertility of the soil and right

amount of moisture have more to do about

growing large crops of potatoes than the

size of the potatoes that are planted,

whether cut or whole, and so I say to

Mr. Lillie, if you want to raise 200 or

more bushels of potatoes per acre. get

your land fertile enough and keep it moist

enough and plant whole potatoes if you

want to, or one or two eyes in a hill and

you will succeed just the same. For my

part I cannot see the benefit in raising

more potatoes when the price is so low,

now. lt‘ we raised fewer the price wouldl

to higher and we would get the same‘

amount of money and not have so many

potatoes to handle.



St. Joseph C0.





 





 





R. BORDNER.





MY WAY VS. THE WAY.



The controversy now on regarding se-,

lcction of seed potatoes grew out of the

state sending out a man to instruct in'

tarniers' institutes who, instead of in-:

structing along the broader line of well

established principles, and well tested

methods. contented himself with giving,

"my wagi“ It seems to me that we have?

reached the time where “my way” should-

give place to “the way” as established by

unquestioned tests and evidence. The.

items that enter into potato culture: e.g.,l

selecting seed, cutting seed, planting, row- :

ing, hilling. cultivating, spraying, treat-

ing, have all been tested out at our ex-

periment stations, not only hundreds, but.

thousands of times. Now, should not the

average results obtained by these numer—

ous tests as touching any one item of po-

tato culture, be given more weight than

the “my way” of any man, where his way

differs from such results? \Ve must ad-

mit that there is a “the way" as regards

(,‘zlt'll item in the culture of any plant. It

is at this “the way” that the work of

these stations is'aimed, and after 50

years of continuous effort they should be

able to speak with very much authority

on any of these cultural items. If the

preponderance of evidence furnished by

these institutions is to have no more

weight than the “my way” of this or that

man then they are surely not worth the

price we are paying for them and the

sooner they are sold to the junk man the

better.



“'hat I mean by “average results" and=

preponderance of evidence is 'well illus-l

tratcd by a bulletin I have just read in

which results of 6.394 tests of fertilizers

on corn plats have been collected and the

average results given. Now, is not the

average results of so large a number of

tests of great weight and importance than,

the few tests that can be made by any.j

one man?



To show the wide difference in doctrine

of the “my way” talkers I wish to give

some of Mr. Tyler‘s of five years ago and

Mr. \Voodman’s of last year.





 





 





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THE JOHNSTON HARVESTER CO.

noxw-M BATAVIA,

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fiat Half the





 





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The BUCHER & GIBBS PLOW CO.

806 E. Seventh St, Canton, Ohio





 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





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The Surest and Cheapest





 





1. Tyler said, select your seed from

best seed hills at digging time. He. told

of the increase of good seed hills from





Way to Increase Crops





 





14 per cent to 71 per cent in five years

on his own farm, with substantial increase

in yield per acre.



IVoodman said hill selection of seed

had been tried out and there was nothing

in it. Said plant small potatoes.



2. Tyler said, out seed to two eyes and

plant one piece in a hill. Woodman said

plant small potatoes Whole.





Limestone: is_almost nothing. 'It is the

cheapest tcrtilixcr known. No farmer





Your soil must contain a. certain amount

of lime to produce the best crops. Lime,

you know. is a mineral food. can raise the best crops without its help.

Agricultural Ground Limestone is the How to Test Soil.



surest method of increasing the quality Write Itodav for prices and our free

of yoursoil—increasing crops. It neutral- Booklet. It. tells hmv .003, 0.,” know

was poisonous acid and makes it harin- whether your soil needs liming.‘



less. Agricultural Ground Limestone Write. nova—this very minute—before

becomes a. pint of the sml itself. Thus it you forget. Just address.





sweclens it, and puts new life into over- .

NOBLE & COMPANY,





worked soil.

Yet the cost. of Agricultural 'Ground 2 Flrst Street. Detroit, Mich.





 





3. Tyler said, treat seed for scab by

soaking one to one and a half hours.





 





When writing to Advrflsers mention the Michigan Farmer.





.c. .._...~..'.-_
172 (4)





Woodman said. soak 40 minutes. M.

A. C. circular says 2V; hours.



4. Tyler suici. plant in squares 32 inches

apart each way.



Woodman said. plant in rows three feet

apart and 12 to it inthes in the row.



5. Tyler said spray the upper side of

leaves for blight.



Woodman Says, you must spray the un-

der side to do any gmitl



6. Tyler said he iaised 300 hushe‘ 3 per

acre.



\Voodman said he raised 300 bushels per

acre.



7. They agreed, however, that the

ground should be plowed.



The Montcalm Farmers“ Institute is i1

he held during February and the potzitn

growers are lying.r awake nights for the

advent. of the third wise man from the

southwest and wt'mdering whether he will

tell us to phint baked smzill potatoes or

large ones boiled with the jackets on.



I hold that both Tyler and “'oodmrin

did more damage than good When they

gave specific titles or suggestions for row—

ing; :1iid hitting pointoes. i followed Tyler

:iiid on very strong soil raised stock too

eonrz~e for market. My iaeithirn' lzist year

followed VVoodtnnn on rather weak Soil

:Intl raised plenty of “small potatoes,"

(for seed). \Vllt‘ll‘it"!' 1 am it. pl.int 5,000,

7,00”, or 13,000 hills per :1 Te (lepcnrls en-

tirely on the strength or my will, the gen.

eral character of the stock i wish to pit)-

(lUt‘O. and my (‘llllllr’ll methods. There

sun he no specific rule to govorn this item.

The grower must know his soil and row

and hill to fit its strength.



The selection of M301] :iiid spraying; fir

blight are items ot" a different character.

It is self—evident llii'll one of these ill-fl: is

in error with respect to the liDDllC'flllWll of

sprtiy {or ‘l)ll,’.1lll. They cannot both he

right. The same is line of the st‘lt-l'iltiil

of seed. One must he the better of the

two ways :ultoertted by these men. Pos—

silily there is a way better than either.



Montcalm Co. C‘. ‘1’. C‘nUM.



SOFT COAL IN SUGAR MAKING.



In answer to the inquiry in tl:- issue

of Feb. 4 on problems in 111111111. fillgi'll'

11'1al1'mg 1 will give. my e\:pe1 eiicc.



We use soft 1111 time; with \\i)0ll in

our arch. We have a lirephtt'e :ihnit t:

it. Lint,r 11nd ll‘t’t' it, wile, 111:1:lt- of lir:.l~:

\\lt‘11 a. hi1,r tliiiiiney at the mar en t. For





the ll'tllll 0nd of this 111-111 we tool; sonny





grilles out of u stmn: tltglllt‘, lilll old

pit-«cs of gas pipe will (it). (Mr grates





are about six feet long. The l‘t‘nl of the;

\t':iy linek l.) the (-hinitiey is Solid liricltt





wmk, the sides being tile-iii? 1112 it. higher





than the grates. ‘heii our supply li.li:’t,‘l:

sets on the right hand side with .i pipe

running from the bottom (11‘ 1‘11- hnn'et





down level with the gi'ntm. 1111111 l‘ftl l; tvi-l

wards the rear end til" itii- :i».-l.. tht-n into1





the arch through the .thn and to lllt‘ linint





0nd :iiid out int.» ttie pin. This gives thc‘

sap time to 11.11111 up in-l‘nn- 11 goes into?





the pan.





1





For the slinnty thii‘d :1 house about iflxi

20 it, or larger it “hinted. instead 01"





joining the rafters at the top le.1\'e a

spur-i: about 11,13 or 2 ft, wide for steam

to 1:»: '.‘LD(3. iltive JOHL (it shanty steam-

titght.



Tuscola Co. C. VAN PETTEN.





FERTILIZER FOR BEANS.





'l have. seven ricres of sandy llllll th-il

reeds fertiliz'iiizx. l sou/ed chive." list

spring but dry weather made it a failure.

.1 wziiit to plant beans. followed by wheat.

:iiiil Would like to know what kind of fer—

titlzer i shall need.



Missatikec (‘11. ll. .7. F



1\ Slalltlllltl main l‘l li/ri (u'iiitriiniti':

11 little nitrogen and potash and an

{tilllllllilllt‘f‘ of phosphoric avid would he

mil-st suitable {or bonus on this kind (it

s‘i‘ound, using from 200 to 41111 lbs. Df‘l‘

new The results .sw-a-tii'i-d from it would.

however, depend stiiiiewhat upon the

Weather, as it is probable that this field

is tlvllt'iC‘llt in huniiis, an] in order for the

plzint food in the fl’lllll’iit'l' to l)!' :iyziilxilile

tor the growing heiiis it tniist he held ill

solution by the suit y‘t.1tel" where the roots

can absorb it. (in a liltl“C soil which has

been allowed to lit-come low in its content

of \‘egettrhle matter. the first drought is

likely to affect the growing emp, and

where fertilizer has been used it is some—

times condemned, what the fault is wholly

dim to the poor mechanical condition of

the, soil. For this reason it l:-: ahypyk. a

better plan to adopt some plan v in: l1

provides for the early seeding: of fields

Which are deficient in humus, even if the

clover has to he sown alone without a

nurse, crop to insure a stand, instead of

further cropping them and thus further

reducing their content of humus.





 





 





l

l

l

t

l





 





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER. ‘ 1111.11. 1.11.. ‘





fertility the corner stone





“l



OF AGRICULTURE. The modern idea of plant feeding applies to everything

the soil produces. Take, for instance, our fruit growers in this section. How

many of them are using commercial fertilizers on their orchards? Only the

large and prosperous growers make it a practice to properly fertilize, and they

profit by it. The climatic and other conditions in Michigan and Indiana are

ideal for fruit culture ; still the quality of fruit is greatly deteriorating because

the soil lacks the required supply of plant food to grow abundant crops of the

highest quality. In New York and other Eastern States the fruit growers fer—

tilize heavily. Every farmer will be found to have a stock of good Commercial

Fertilizer stored in his burn and will use it Whenever he thinks it necessary.

He no longer looks at the cost, because 11c has learned from experience that





fertilizer is a good investment.





Why is it that heavy shipments of fine fruit were made from New York State

to Michigan last Fall? Because here was a good market and local supply was

lacking. One of the largest and most successful fruit growers in Northern

Michigan wrote undcr date of November lst, 1910, as follows I had the

fertilizer drilled 1n the orchard when the peaches were about half grown and it

was very beneficial to the development of the fruit.”





We shall be pleased to hear from every farmer who may be interested in Fertilizer for

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maximum crops. Our experts have given special attention to the crop—ninking qualities of

our Fertilizers because we realize that the farmer judges the Fertilizer by its productiveness.

One of the best authorities on agriculture and fertilization says: i



“ Commercial valuation bears no relation to the agricultural value of a Fertilizer.

That is measured by the increased yield of crop due to its use.”





If we have no agent near you, we want one. This may 11111111 11 good





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SEEIlCfllllll53 BUAcllE





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garden and flow" was ”0:118:11... BATE m's s'mw HOUSE. Shenandoah, tom
l





 





 





FEB. 18, 1911.





THE NATIONAL CORN EXPOSITION.





 





(Coninued from last week).



In that portion} of the report of this

event referring to the experiment station

exhibits from the different states, which

was published in the last issue, the sta-

tion exhibits from localities most nearly

corresponding to Michigan in agricultural

conditions were mentioned. There was,

however, much of interest to the average

reader in the exhibits of the stations from

more distant states, for which reason we

are giving in this issue a brief descrip—

tion of the more important of them,

touching mainly upon points which would

the of interest to Michigan readers.



Colorado—The main purpose of the en-

tire Colorado exhibit was to show the al-

falfa work in that state. There. the main

aim of the station seems to be to produce

a strain of this legume that is especially

adapted to the conditions in that section.

In Colorado some four legumes can be

grown at different altitudes, but alfalfa

is the only one in the entire list of these

crops that can be grown at all altitudes

and for this reason alone the plant is es-

pecially valuable. Therefore they are

working to get a strain that is not only

a disease resister but one that is adapted

to the different variations of altitude. is

a good seed producer, and one that will

produce a maximum amount of forage.

They now have this \ariety where they

are no longer judging it from the stand-

point of individual plants but from the

standpoint of acre production. Lately the

state obtained 100 bushels of the Grimm

alfalfa and they are distrilmting it in I-lb.

samples among farmers at different alti-

tudes who will co-operatc with the state.

Along with the alfalfa. work the state had

an exhibition of 90 different native

grasses. all of which are valuable as for-

age plants. Their exhibition of Canada

field peas included a vine 8 ft. in length.

They showed a great number of samples

of timothy, oats. wheat and grasses. In

this connection. it ‘might be stated that

the champion timothy came from this

state and that it was raised by two short

course students who lately left college to

farm. These same two boys recently won

the prize at the Colorado show for the

best farm exhibit.



Virginia—The exhibit of the Virginia

Experiment Station was one of the most

attractive in the show. Foxes of Alber—

marle Pippins. \Vinesaps and.t.he famous

Black Twig apples were artistically ar-

rangcd and did not fail to draw the atten-

tion of visitors. Incidentally the. apples

were selected from the crop of 1.010 grown

on the so—called cheap hill lands of Vir-

ginia. Samples are. shown which were

grown on land that sold for as low as

$9 per acre less than ten years ago. “Vit'h

this display of perfect fruit the exhibit of

samples not sprayed or improperly spray—

ed forms a striking contrast. Samples

were shown of apples sprayed with Bor-

deaux mixture with arsenatc of lead and

with the lime-sulphur mixture; the latter

showing much the best results. The to-

bacco interests otf'the state were repre-

sented by a display of the leading varie-

ties. There are ”hands” of light wrapper

which sell at $25 to $55 per cwt.. dark

wrapper at $17@26 and dark Burley at

$7fl10. Virginia corn interests were rep-

resented by a surprisingly good exhibit

of corn, mainly of the Boone County

\Vhite variety. The. corn of the state has

been greatly improved in late years

through the efforts of the Farm Demon—

stration work conducted by the station.

The state captured the championship in

10 cars best white for the southern zone.



North Carolina—The North Carolina

Agricultural School at Raleigh had an ex-

hibit that was new and novel—a cotton

gin and a loom. The gin was running and

was doing the actual work. There'were

samples of all the other stages of the

work that intervene between these proc—

csses, so it was easy for the visitor to

imagine the whole operation with the raw

cotton just as it is picked going in at one

end, and 'with the finished cloth coming

out at the other. The exhibit showed all

the different kinds of work that is being

done by the textile department along the

line of weaving, designing, carding and

spinning. After the cotton goes into the

gin it: is separated from the seed. from

whence it goes into a lappcr from which

it emerges as a lap 4-t inches wide. Then

it goes to the card which delivers it as a

skein. These skeins are drawn out six

times, then 'wound on a bobbin and this

is the first time that it is twisted at all.

There is a long process for drawing it

out and reducing it in size. After' this

process is finally finished, the cotton is

ready for spinning. Two strands are run

together and it is delivered as yarn.

From this point on, the whole treatment





varies according to the finished product.





THE MICHIGAN FARMER. m 179





Maryland—The Maryland exhibit dealt

principally with the problems of poultry

farming. Models of poultry equipment

were shown, including trap nests, mash

hoppers, open-front laying houses, out-

door feed troughs and colony broodcrs.

The feature of the exhibit was a group

of four hens that have been tested for

production records in the last three years.

and have records from 111 to 221 eggs per

year. Collections of- feeds and feed mix-

tures were shown, together with charts

of feed analysis, and directions for bal-

ancing feed rations for chickens of var-

ious ages and purposes. The very valu-

able work which this station has done in

the sutdy of poultry diseases was por—

trayed in the exhibit of diseased organs

of chicks affected with the common pool.

try ailments. Charts also showed met.h-.

ods of treatment and means of adminis-,

tering treatments.



Massachusetts.—~The people from this

state showed a large variety of samples

of their work. One thing shown impres—

sively was the air pressure method of

selecting small Seeds. The results of the

germination test of seeds select in this

way was shown and they had germinated

far better than the others that were se-

lected by other methods. Samples of good

and bad pruning were shown by parts of

the trees so treated. being mounted on

boards. The trees that were pruned in

the right manner (lid not seem to be show-

ing any signs of decay while the ones

that were not treated properly were so

badly decayed that there» was a. good‘

chance of permanently injuring the trunk,

Methods of grafting were also shown in

the same graphic manner. Some charts

showing the results of orchard fcrtiliba—

tion were, displayed. Barnyard manure

gave. the best results in a plot of 12 trees

that were set out in 1890. Out of these

five plots, 12 trees treated with 10 tons

of barnyard manure gave a yield of 175

bbl.. another treated with bone meal and

sulphate ol' potash yielded 156 bbl.. and

another plot with no treatment at all

yicldcd 2S bl~l. They also showcd a large ‘

number of photographs of scenes in and‘

about the college. one series on the pro—

duction of certified milk being especially

good. \



DelawarereThc Dela ware people showed

the importance of the ltgumcs in that

state. The two big legumes that they

are working with are soy beans andl

crimson clover. There were over (in dEf-l

fcrcnt varieties of the soys on exhibition:

that are being tested out by this station.

‘hcy are working out rotations in which

these two crops figure very conspicutmsly.

One is a corn crop followed with crimson

clover. and this in turn followed by Soys

and rye. All this is for a two—year reta-

iion. ()ne general practice is to grow

Soys and clover, corn and clover. potatocs

and clover and finally wheat and clover.

Continuous cropping of corn, when this

crop is followed by the crimson clover in

the fall. has not proved detrimental to

the soil. In such cases the clover is either

cut or plowed under in time to grow the

corn. They showed the advantages of soy

bean culture, displaying several charts

showing the relative content of this plant

compared with linseed and cotton seed.

“"hen the oil is extracted there is a

larger percentage of protein in soy bean

meal than there is in either of the other

two. The oil will soon find extensive use

as a constituent of paints. Yields of 30

bushels per acre are not uncommon and

the hay after being stripped of the beans

has a feeding value. The, variety tests

are for the purpose of getting the best

variety for seed as well as hay.



Kentucky.—~The exhibit of the Kentucky

Experiment Station centered around the

three great crops of that state—tobacco.

hemp and bluegrass. Samples of hemp

was shown in the various stages of growth

and of preparation from the bushy seed‘

hemp to the finished fiber and baled tow.‘

The hemp brake and hemp tackle. the

two primitive but efficient devices with

which the field hemp is converted into the

commercial fiber. were shown. The to-

bacco exhibit included representative

types of burley and dark tobacco whichg

are being grown in the state and compur-l

isons were shown with samples of the

same varieties grown at the experiment,

station in co-operation with the U. S.

Department of Agriculture. Many varica,

tics of the famous Kentucky grasses iwcrel

shown. including bluegrass, orchard grass'

and red top. Some very superior samples

of cow peas and Soy beans completed the

forage exhibit. In connection with the

tobacco exhibit a model of the tobaceo

seed blower was shown, with Which the

station is accomplishing great improve—

ment in tobacco culture through the 'use

of good seed.





 





 





 





v





entity"





 





ConcreteManure Pit

Big Saver on the Farm





The common method of throwing manure in-

to an unsheltered pen on a rickety board floor

or on the ground is wasteful, the seepage

means a loss which can be estimated in dollars

and cents. A concrete pit prevents this loss.





It is inexpensive and can be built with aid of regu-

lar farm help. It is an improvement and conven-

ience which will pay for itself in a very short time.





Write us for information on any kind of concrete

work. We will ’write you individually, giving full

instructions for getting best results. This service

is FREE. The only expense to you ‘will be the

postage used in writing us; address the nearest

office of the Company.





UNIVERSAL ’Sgfi'efi’l" COMPANY





CH ICAGO — PITTSBURG

Northwestern Office: Mlnneapolis





 

 





You’re Robbing

the Soil





of part of its most valuable and fertile prop-

erties—ammonia, potash and phosphorus——



/ every trme you grow a corn crop.

l These must be replaced regularly or in a few

\ years all the fertility of the soil will be exhausted.





Jarecki Brand Fertilizers





contains all the foods necessary to the perfect

. ‘ . development and maturity of corn.

\5 . ’. Drill Jarecki Fertilizer, 200 to 400 lbs. to the acre,

.‘t'a and you will get 80 to 100 bushels of better, more

fully developed com per acre.





   





 





«\.



nu ‘ .



UNFER .ZED Write for free memorandum book. Contains the

A, B, C, of fertilization. Free to all growers.





ya, THE JARECKI CHEMICAL Co.

gasp

03%???“ Sandusky and Cincmnati, Ohio. ~ :

9'“ Agents wanted in every vicinity. y”?





 





FERTILIZ





 





No Money Down

No Note

No Contract





 

 





Yours FREE 30 Days





I’ll Pay Freight Anywhere

Just let me send my Chntham Fanning Mill to your

R. R. Station on a month‘s trial. No money, no

contract and I pay the freight. Return at my ex-

pe se or keep it. and take a your to pay me. Just; left

mgfirove the money you can make with a.





F ANNING MILL





CHATHA m. s... an...





Cleans and grades all kinds of seeds, grasses and grains. Don't

grow weeds or thin stands. Landand taxes are too high. Double

the crops, get bettercrops and have high-priced seed to sell. Send



postal now for my factory price, liberal terms, and get FREE



00K No. 167. Tells how thousands are making big,

extra profits with a Chatham. Send your name by next mail.

Address Manson Campbell, Pres...

MANSON CAMPBELL 00.. Dotrolt. Mlch.

Kan-as Clty. Mo.; 8!. Paul. "Inna Seattle. Wash.





 

 

 

 

 

 





1.

i l-





 





. -_ . _ ., l'

17 Screen: and Rlddlos

Enough for Every Purpm





 





 

 





.‘ n -4.» -....— M
lllinois.—The Illinois exhibit was strict-

ly confined to the work that this station

is doing on crops and soils. The com—

ponent parts of a bushel of corn were

shown in jars—first the grain itself, then

the water, the protein, the oil, the fiber,

the ash and the carbohydrates, giving a

first—class idea of the materials that corn

contains. A sample of corn-oil rubber

was shown. This is used for insulation,

etc. Representative plants were shown

typifying the work that has been done in





 

       

 





 

   





'. “\tz/d

\ 5‘ WWW]: _ breeding, or selecting for high and low

__,:_ £1$Mf ..... " ' , ‘ «3 cars. After eight years‘ breeding the av-





 





[“93 erage height of the high ears was 69

inches, while the low ears were but 27

inches from the ground. The results of

selecting for erect and declining ears, af-

ter six years‘ work, showed an average

declination of 31 degrees from a perpen—

dicular for the erect ears, and 111 degrees

for the declining ones. This work is to

secure the ear that will turn down and

shed the water from fall rains. After

using seed from one-cared stalks for six

years the proportion of two-cared stalks

was seven per cent; with seed from two-





GUARANTEED FOR 12 YEARS _

. eared stalks it was 4:» per cent. The work

we can Save You $50.00 l that has been going on for 13 generations





on the Average Size Rooflto increase the protein content of corn





was shown by the extracted protein in

jars for comparison. This woi k has been

. ,done by selection on the basis of chemical

1“ Our Latest Roofing Catalogs lanalysis. The protein was increased to

Tarred Felt Roofing. BCSt quahtY- 15.05:, one season for the high—content

1085quarefcet. So-Centvalue. 50c‘class, while the lowest was 7.43. The

Per roll. - ' - - ' ---- ‘ ' ' ' ' ' ‘ ' ' high-protein seed showed a consistent

Rubber Asphalt Roofing. The ordinary gain, your by year, while the low-protein





 

 





 





—J





 





A Few Quotations From the Bargains





kind. 10.5 square-feet; $13-35 79c send showed a corersponding decrease.

value. Vi t..,o4 lbs. 19" roll. The same kind of an experiment was





Flint Coated Rubber Roofing. 108 shown for high-oil seed showing a con-

square feet $153 “11110. 9 r-islcnt gain while the low—oil seed dc-

“Ymght 501b5' Per 1'0”” -- c clincd year by year. There was an in—



Cérrugated Steel Roofing. ifs-gauge. tcrrhing exhibit showing the possibility

HCaVy, painted (Gil. 100 $1 85 of l'l"‘l:tlllllll’§,‘ an unproductive soil. The

square feet. $150VQ1116~ ° rotation practiced was corn. cow peas.



Best-of-all Roofing. {Ni-ply. 108 whcai and v-lovcr. with an application of

square feet. $3.50 value. 1 80 eight tons of manure, two ions of lime-

Weight. 60 lbs. Per Toll.. $ 0 st-int- and one ton of rock phosphate per



:1 Tc. onw- in {our years. “The work was



Every Price in This Catalog is 25 to 50 lugun in 10”.”). in lfllo the first cutting of



Per Cent Below Regular Retail Prices. run-m “u ,r. ton on the untreated plots



‘— lfyrmwant against :Ji‘: ion» on the tl‘eat‘li-d: Wheat



any kind of



roofing. it is .



to your lil- 3.21 bushels.



,1,.",.",‘}i."§0,‘§{ Indiana—This exhibit consisted of two



copy of this principal i‘eaturcs—dhe soil and crop de-



{3280:131th,“U'WWY” of the experiment station and



n n d 0 u 1- ‘ thc agricultural extension department of



"U’ml'li‘tl‘ Purdue l’nivcrsity. Photographs, sam—



Iayout ot’ _ _



8‘1“”,ng be— 2 pics and charts showed the results of 20



fur“ lJliH‘ng .1 years‘ experience with cropping, the total



NW” order. ‘ morn-y for each system being as follows:





Wc Aquotci _ _

1911 reduced priccs which in many inn-s are 1st .> yrs. Last u yrs.





 





 





yicld was sen-u bushels as compared with





cvcu lower than our priccs for 1910. Simply . ("outinuons corn ....... ”$911.62 $473.“)

write and say: “Send me your free Roofing (‘ontfnnous wheat ........ tit-:33: 71.19

Catalog No. 65051 and complete set of silm- (‘orn oats. wheat ......... Site: 733::

pies" and they will be mailed at oncc tree Corn, (”H wheat, clover.. 69.33 93.16





and POStpald' Soy bean data was presented as folows:

ANDm Cost of production, $12; common yield,

CHICAGO 1?? ML; value, with ofic corn, {:1 cord In"





SEARS. ROEBUC

hogs, $47.; profit, $33. The crop l‘ll'."~ 1 ac





plam of clover; adds nitrogen t1) the soil

and i1 is a good catch crop. Haiiiplcs of

varietics of corn adapted to lndiana were

shown. A number“ of traveling cases used





 





by the department of agricultural exten- ,





Iowa Banner Whiter Grew.“ "cold “Pd sion were shown. These contained pho-

largcst yields in annals of corn growing. Aicragc yield in _ | ' .X ‘ ,,

Hcvcnsmtcs 178 btialir‘ls pt‘r acre. Monarch of logy-aphs, samples of the “ink don» i,

Iowa, first Yellow Dcnr corn known or grown; Biggest slippints. 5031 samples. etc” ude as olet'Ct

yields rlcrywhcrc. Wcalsu grow allotln'rlcadinghesr vari- NU .. . , .A .- , ,4, Q :._

Cites. as wellas Seed tints, lizlrlcy, Spcltz: Grass, Clorcrs, 1‘ ”Mm" 1” ”1‘“ OXU'HHOU Vim ALO D”

Alfalfa undall other harm and garden seeds. Our tux-cs ot‘ brced types, good and bad. and 11

b‘g‘m""”5”?“‘1S""‘“.C“‘““’“”c ‘Sf'ee,t.° you. A t':l:§<- of anatomical specimcns showing

postal card wrll bl’lllL’ it. to your door. VVl’llC for it today. . ‘

Address. tissui- (lfi‘cclcd by the most common d'in—

The Shenandoah Pure Seed Go scrolls (“eraser-



303 LowellAve.,shenanuoah, Iowa New York—The exhibit of he State

(‘ollctzo of Agriculture was confined chiefly

2 to the rcsnlts of their work in plant





I ' ,

leestnne Insures Alfalfa lactating. This work has lxcen done with

potatoes, corn, grains, peppers and lim—

|t Destrovs SORREL and M055 lothv. The most has been done in tini—





And insuresa heavy yield of Alfalfa and Clover. othy. Professor Gilbert, who is connected

with this work, said that uric—third of





' "".' St 1‘ l2 s \"". Ii 7 , , . . '



LIMESTONE “Hm” “1.th .‘ “I I, chw \ork state is in grass. 'lhns am

crcnsc.‘ tlic ylcld ol all crops ; . _ . r _



it. supplies tllOllcc-‘ssfll‘i' carbonate toliuht sandy I mllll'HH‘Illellt that timid be obtained .rmn

soils. 'l‘o inalu- heavy clay land more porous brccdflts‘ tor type would be or Lt'l't‘tll. r-vo-

and easily Wiii‘lx'i‘Il iric the great looseiier,1win§c importance. In lfHJf‘. thcy began :1.





' .lsti“ " '. ‘ ' as, 'l‘l ',..'I '4 -

LIMESTON - vvtzgzafgsgfigzfla l lll_\ m ll'll(|lll_\ lipt its \ s t Ill





tlnucd unlil l‘HIT when thcv licc'tn l. c

' ' " . I" l



‘2' - 1» 'u-l (r worl’. lll(‘ rcnuws sho'v

NORTHERN LIME 00., Grand Rapids, MlCh.< w H! w (m . . « »

, mnrkcd improvcmcnt over the gn-ncr'il run

. - lot‘ timothy. The increase pcr acre of the

Regenerated Sweedish Select oats. WM me W, “K, W, W, mm.

The only puro‘hrcd. pedigreed oats. This variety ; b ‘ ‘ “ " ‘ ‘ ‘ 2 " ‘ "

is in a class by ltsclt‘. lhc lwst yicldcr. the stillth ; from (inc—lulli to one ion. '1 he export-



straw. the freest from rust.~ ot any out today. I have ', l 1‘

some choice need. all curctl nndt-r hay (fans, not, a l mentcrs are working on nice separate

drop at moisture cm! touched those oats after they l g‘l’ollDH. for hay, pasture and sew]. In





were cut. Evcl‘y lw-rnl-l has vitality. .

COLON 0- LILHL- Conncrulllc. Mlchlgfln- pasture timothy they want a big-luladcd

type that will revive quickly after being





That “PM. Our Sensation (”Ila breaks ‘ .~ 3 , - . ' . . - -

8 all mom. Mon”! 1”“. i. M.” , blow sod off. 'I he seed varieties are not

heed t'orn. For samples and «'alnlinflll" ' (if VPI‘y great economic importance. In





write. Theo. llurt &Sons. Mclrnsc, Ohio. . '

the hay types they are VVOle’lllg on early,





SIBERIAN SEED “ATS—(filighestrot all a; medium and late. producing ones. In corn

Station. Kure choice recleaned.Y sail?“ frosztildgmflr breeding they are trying to get a short-

bu. H. . DeLAMATRE. M()i\li()luVlLLE. 0H 0. Season dPllt variety for the northern sec_





‘n' —Anu was“; man “Hake charm tion of the state. The work done in po-



ANTED 0‘“ f0 TY “fires? filmii- "Fur (.ifimdd tatoes is hill selection. The varieties

' . .‘ an oft-‘0 I‘ e .



t‘diifficfifi‘ikmfianfifiewflm Mltlzllillgiin.3 most successfully grown are Sir Walter





 





 





 





 





THE. MICHIGAN FARMER.





Raliegh and the Green Mountain. Hybrid.

work has been done in peppers, tomatoes

and crossing popcorn.



Maine.——Maine is not working on any

one especial line of farm product, but do—

ing general work to improve all lines of

farming. They are doing a. little more

work, however, in reducing the size of

potatoes to marketable size and increas-

ing the egg production of chickens. The

potatoes are too large, especially for hotel

use. The average yield of potatoes is 225

bushels per acre. The work in breeding

to increase yearly egg yield has not been

carried on far enough to prove any theory

conclusively. They found that the daugh—

ters of ZOO—egg hens, taken as a mass, do

not produce any better than ordinary

chickens. They have found that, as a

rule. the quality of high production is not

transmitted from mother to daughter.

\Vhether this is due to the fact that the

high production weakens them as breeders

is not known. They then began to use

pedigreed stock and from this by careful

selection of both male and female the re—

sults are a little more favorable. They

are trying to introduce dent corn because

of its increase in silage over flint, their;

standard corn. Oats is the principal grain

crop, though barley and rye are grown a

great deal also. \Vheat does not crop suc-

cessfully. They are distributing improved

seed by means of the Maine Improved‘

Seed Association. This is composed of

about 150 farmers and seed producers

who will further carry on the work and

try and adapt the seed to their own par-

ticular localities.



Rhode Island—The Rhode Island ex-

hibit emphasized especially the results of

the correction of acidity in the soil by

lime, and breeding for a corn that will’

do for both grinding and stock feeding

purposes. They also showed the results‘





 





 





.

l

l

l

l

l





ot‘ their crop rotation work. Especially;

in the grains the addition of lime has

raised the production per acre enor-

mously. This work is very important as

much of the soil in that state is strongly

acid. (‘orn is used in Rhode island largely"

for meal purposes. In the past the meal

corn has not bccn suitable for stock feed-

ing. The stock feeding" corn has not

served for grinding purposes. The ex—

pcrimcntrws have tried to produce a corn

that will have these qualities combined.

They have succeedcd. In rotation work

they have found that one of winter rye,

clover and grass, grass. Indian corn and

potatoes is the Innst successful combina—

tion. These rotations have been running

for 17 years. They put liillC ahead of the





. Machine Co.,

:(lhio.





 





grass in pitch rotation. In comparing sta-





ble manure plus lime and clicniical fcr—'





tilizcr plus lime the chemical fertilizer has





a shade the advantage. An cxpcrimcnt‘





that is peculiar to Rhode Island is the





pasting-- or” the lI'I-ilv Och'l of a crop upon‘





tho so; The}; planted two years of a

trop lilt‘ll (me yulr of‘ onions. Tin-y found

roar ('llltlliF (lit? licttcr

clove," than any (I'llct‘ crop.





Nebraska.~~lirccdihg work with corn is:

life big rain; that the Nebraska stationj





r-howcl l'p :llmi'c the booth was placed

a placard on whiwh is some Nebraska

philosophy that read thus: “Fine feath-

crs (1.! not make tine birds. Fancy CllIiI'-,

auicrlstics do not niwalie cars of corn thatl

yield. The egg itwrird spots the loading.

l.(‘lll tnc t’illl‘-I')i\’ lest the poor—yielding

" liclow this placard wcrc a large

lllll:ll:"fi-‘ ot' hoxcr. caclt of which rcpl‘c-

scntwi the product of ion stalks of corn.





p.





1,1l‘i, hon-s showed the produce of ten





“4“.





show cars that, wcz‘c sclc'ictl with refer-t

I‘lll'v to iffy)”, and live boxes reprcscnted

It... pr W or ltr’i‘a number of cars that

wcrc .‘N'lt’ll‘tl With no rcl’crcnco to that‘

lllillll'.. 'l‘m; yichls snowed no difference"

in far 7.‘ of the )it'lZ"-i8l<illg parents. VVhatT

is urn“, i'ic ear»; that yielded the highestl

wunId nit score at all and from this we'

may make thc logical dcduction that we.

can loot toil the value of an car by its

looks. in this iii-bot»: lot there was a wide

\':lr‘i;lll«,un as to shrinkage and quality of

thc cars. Sonn- time ago seven Nebraska

.sccd corn men sent what they considered

loci!" best ears down to the station. At.

the suite time they sent what they con-'

sidercd the most scrubby and poor earsl

they could find_ to be tested alongside off

their best. The corn that was selected;

for type yielded no better than the nth?

or, and more. the early varieties yieldedl

even less. These men had been working}

for years on the wrong basis, 1.





Five years ago the station planted a lotl

of common- corn seed. Part was planted»

one in a hill, some three and others fourl

kernels. The resulting corn was planted

the same way, the corn from the five.-

plant hill being planted five to the hill.



(Continued on page 195).





following red .





FEB. is, 1911.





Please mention themchiun Farmer when

with! to advertisers.





MERIT IS BOUND TO WIN.

Some one has truly said that if a man

builded a. better article than anyone else,

that though it be builded in a wilderness

people would wear a path through the for—

est to purchase. Merit is bound to win.

You can “fool part of the people all the

time and all the people part of the time,

but you can't fool all the people all the

time." The thousands ’upon thousands of

progressive farmers in North America,

Australia, South America, Russia, Ger-

many, in fact in every part of the grain

growing world, would not use Superior

Grain Drills unless they were right. Why

are they right? Because you can sow any

seed from the finest grass seeds to bush

Lima beans, you can sow any commercial

fertilizer or granular lime and it will sow

it right and in quantities desired. You

can reseed worn out and run down pas-

tures and meadows. The Superior puts

the grass seed under the sod without

turning it. It is strong, light draft, ac—

curate and will do your work right. It

sows evenly—every feed exactly the same

lmount. No skipping. no bunching or

choking. The Superior Disc Drill will run

and do good work wherever a disc barrow

will run. Stalks, mud, pea. vines, crab

grass and any other trash has no terrors

for the Supm'for. “The name tells a true





 





‘Sll‘Uy.” Drilled oats and small grains will





withstand the drouth much better than

when broadcasted. You can get a good





, stand of clover if you sow it in the spring





at the same time you do your oats or

wheat, because the young clover plants

get a good stalky growth at a very critical

time when they need sun and air. The





 





.h‘uperior Drill is manufactured in many





stvlcs and sizes by The American Seeding—

Incorporated, Springfield,

“’rite them for a Superior cata-

logue, rcad it cirefully. Go to your near—

rst implement dealer, and ask him to show

you a Supcrior Drill.





 





That was the condi-

tion of the cornfielde in our

last great drought season in the central

Itates, excepting in those field: when

the farmers and





Marinas





The reason is simple. Filler is the main

bulk and weight of all fertilizers. In

other brands this filler is practically

worthless. In Bashumus Fertilizers the

filler is all Human. which furnishes plant

food, loosens the soil, and retains the

moisture, thus neu- ‘

tralizinz drought con-



ditions. Don’t buy



waste—buy Human.



Ask your dealer for Bah



humus Fertilizers. If



he doesn‘t carry them,



write us. We will send.



you free a valuable



booklet, Richer Soil



for Richer Profits,”



will see that you are



supplied with Bashu-



mus Fertilizers. Writc



ul 3. card now.





“SH FERTILIZER 00.

Dept. B Ft. Wayne. Ind.





 





 





 





5ULKYCULTIVAT0R





No pushing or pulling the shovels fro



one side to the other. Just a touch of ti]:



foot and the wheels and shovels move 6 ‘slly



mggglggltgkly tolrltghthor loft. No stopping the

regu a at 8 width bow



or the depth of the shovels. eon gangs





Uneven Land. Crooked Rows and H lllsldes

as EasilyCultivaled as Level Ground.

Made in. high and low wheel and

“MUS pivot, Brig. Built. entirely

fret-tee] an .lulialloglile iron.

of y 0981 i e a 'ustment.

I‘llght Bruit. Perfect balance.

L-hotce .of M diflerent; equip-

ments in ves you just: the one you

need for your work. Also the

(dapper Hum-oak Seat and the

(hypo Walker. Don't ace-e t a sub-

stitute. If yourdenler 093 not

handle the [nuns write us for

full descriptive catalogue.





AKRON CULTIVATOR CD.

can. ,2 “non. omo





SEED OATS—Gegler‘s Canadian oats.

_ Strong still straw, early

heavy yielder. 750 a. bushel cleaned in new ha .

Also have a. good seed _..irle.v. Order early. or

samples. write. W. E. UEGLER. St. Johns. Mich.





L
at»





 





 





FEB. 18, 1911.





'v

THE CONCRETE SILO A SUCCESS.





 





Much has been said against cement

silos, and when we contemplated building





one about two years ago we were advised

by many, (who did not know from expe-'





rience). that they were not practi a1,





would crack and crumble and would not‘





keep silage.



Finally we concluded to visit farmers

who had cement silos. This we did, and

in each case the owners very highly rec-

ommended them, saying that they were

practical, did not crack and crumble and

did keep silage just as good as any other





kind of a silo. All of this we could also





see for ourselves.





Then, we took into consideration the





fact that once built a. cement silo would

last indefinitely, and that the cost would

be no more than a good wooden silo of

the same dimensions.



We let the job to a contractor to build

a cement silo 36x14 feet with 5-inch walls.

re-inforced with woven wire fence placed

right in the silo, fitted with continuous

doors, roof and chute. The silo was built

late in the fall of 1909 at a total cost of

about $250.



Now it is done and we don't have to

worry about it blowing over. nor go to the

expense of painting it inside and outside.

It is there and nothing short of a cyclone

can destrOy it. The silage is keeping in

good condition, freezes but little near the

walls and our cows eat every morsel.



Taking these facts into consideration.

how can anyone offer a logical argument

against a cement silo?



\Vayne Co. H. E. MELDRUM.





THE OTHER SIDE OF THE AUTO

QUESTION.





Always an ardent admirer of horses and

enthusiastically fond of driving, I looked

upon the automobile as a menace to safe—

ty. comfort and peace of mind. I found

that I could no longer drive along the

country roads without a fear that a car

might crash into the rear of the carriage

or run into a wheel with disastrous re—

sults. After dark my fears were treblt-d,

indeed, in time I came to think myself

perfectly safe between sunrise and sun—

set, but after the shadows began to fall

I remained indoors and blamed the auto-

ists for all my self-imposed imprisonment.



Finally a friend who owned a car took

me for a long ride and I changed my

niind about some things. First, I decided

that autos may have some rights which I

had been overlooking. From the car I

saw that the road looked, like a public

highway, and although we did cover a few

pedestrians and riders in horse-drawn ve-

hicles with a cloud of dust. we did it be-





cause the dust was there and would rise





and not because we liked it, either for

ourselves or them. Then, when night

came I made the discovery that the car-

riage made us quite as much trouble as





the auto had been making me in days"

past. Through the gathering gloom the





driver of the car strained his eyes to see

the dust cloud that indicated something in

the road in front of us. At every turn

and wherever an especially deep shadow

was cast by the overhanging boughs of

trees he crept along with his eyes fixed

on the roadway in front. Once a dust—





covered carriage top almost escaped his





(yes and he saw it only when some ten or

twelve feet distant. The auto had red

lights at front and rear but these would





avail nothing, if the driver of any vehicle:

failed to turn out on the right side of the,





load as we drew near. An hour's ride

through the darkness led to a firm eon-





viction that instead of talking about au-V





tos doing more to safeguard the people it

would be a. very excellent idea if the driv-





ers of horses would hang a lantern with a'





red light on the hack of their vehicles

when going out after dark.



Half the accidents to auto drivers are

caused by running too close to an em-

bankment or into a ditch in order to

avoid striking some horse-drawn vehicle.

and nine—tenths of the accidents in which





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





(o 175





 





 





 





 





 





to overloading.

be rim-cut—called Goodyear





we are making that tire 10





 





 





cut tire bills in two.





 





 





I

lly‘ill‘l',





The 126 Braided

The No-Rim-Cut Tire





This picture shows a Goodyear





 





 





When you use this tire the re-

movable rim flanges are set to curve

outward——as shown in the picture.



The tire COlllCS against the





We have already sold half a mil-

lion Goodyear No-Rim-Cut tires.

We have run them deflated in a

hundred tests—as far as '20 miles.





ever with No-Rim-Cut tires.





Cut tires the clincher tire





ln motor cars, one-fourth the tire

cost is due to rim-cutting—one-fourth





We have perfected a tire which can’t

Cut tire. And, to prevent overloading,





over the rated size. The use of this

tire, with the average car, means to





lie Rim-Cutting

1:12 Overloaded Tires





These patented tires, until lately,

cost one-fifth more than other standard

tires. Yet last year our tire sales tre-

bled—jumped to $8,500,000—because

No-Rim- these tires save money.



Now they cost the same as standard

per cent clincher tires. And 64 leading motor

car makers have contracted for Good-

year No-Rim-Cut tires for their 1911





 





models.





Note how those thin flanges dig

into the tire. That is what causes

rim—cutting.





 





 





 





”Ml: ,

No—Rim-Cut tire as it fits any stand- The Cause of Rim-Cutting

ard rim made for quick-detachable In event of a puncture the tire

tires_ may be ruined beyond repair in a





moment. Fully 25 per cent of all

tire cost has been due to the ruin

of rim—cutting.





How We Avoid It





rounded edge, and rim-cutting is We have invented a tire with an

made impossible. unstretchable base. We vulcanize





into the base 126 braided piano

wires. Nothing can possibly force

this tire over the rim flange. But,

when you unlock and remove the

. . riin flange, the tire slips off in an

In all this experience there has instant.

never been a single instance of rim— When the tire is inflated the

cutting. braided wires contract. The tire is

All the worry of rim-cutting—all then held to the rim by a pressure





this ruin of tires—is avoided for- Of 134 pounds to the inCh-

That is why the hooks are not

_ . - . needed. Not even tire bolts are

Ordinary ClinCher Tire needed. The tire base is unstretch-

Before the invention of No-Rim- able—it can’t come off.





W





 





This feature we control by patent.

It is the only way known to make a.

practical tire with an unstretchable

base. It gives us the only safe hook-

less tire—the tire’ that can’t be rim-

cut.





 





Tires 1 0%





Oversize





 





 





 





Look a . ain at the pictures. Note

how the No-Ritn—Cut tire begins to

flare right from the base of the rim.

It isn’t contracted farther up as is

the clincher tire.



That fact enables us to make No-

Rim-Cut tires 10 per cent Wider than

rated size and still have. them fit the

rim. And we do that. We give you

this 10 per cent extra tire without any

extra cost. i‘hat gives you 10 per

cent more carrying capacity. It adds

25 per cent to the tire mileage.



That extra size takes care of the ex-

tra weight—the top, glass front. gas

tank, extra tire, etc.——which most own-

ers add to their cars. It is this over~

loading which causes blow-outs, and

this extra size avoids them.





When you get a Goodyear No-Rim-

Cut tire you get rid of rim-cutting en-

tirely. You get a tire 10 per cent over-



size. And all without extra





 





was almost universal.



With clincher tires, the

removable rim flanges must

be set to curve inward—as

shown in the picture—to

grasp hold of the hook in

the tire. That is how the





 





 





No-Rim-Cut Tires





Cost. These two features to-

gether, with the average car.

save half on one‘s tire bills.

This is the reason why the

tire demand is turning so

strongly to Goodyear No-Rim~

Cut tires.



Our new Tire Book tells a.

hundred things you will be

glad to know. Ask us to send





 





 





tire is held on.





 





[117)





 





THE GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY,





Branches and Agencies in All the Principal Cities





We Make All Kinds of Rubber Tires hi





it to you.





47th Street, AKRON, OHIO





 





 





 





 





 

 





T isn’t theputlay of money alone that you should

conSIdcr in buying your manure spreader. There

are things far more important. Your prime con-

sideration should be: “Is it strong enough to stand





' the strain.” And you can’t decide that on the spur





of the moment. You must look carefully into the

construction-into the material—and into the record

of the Spreaders in the hands of present owners.

It may take you a little longer to decide—but you‘ll





, get the right spreader—which is just as important as





a horse and auto figure to the sorrow oi“





the horse are caused by the fact that





the driver of the car failed to see the.





vehicle. ‘

New York, L. M. THORNTON.





CATALOGUE NOTICES.





 





Shumway’s 1011 catalogue of garden

and flower seeds and gardener’s acces-

sories is a large sized, profusely illustrat-

ed book of 56 pages. the cover of which

bears the motto. “Good Seeds. Cheap."

Address R. H. Shumway, Rockford, 11h,

for a copy.



The Storrs & Harrison (‘10., proprietors

of Painesville Nurseries. Painesville. 0.,

are sending out their 1911 spring catalog,

illustrating and describing a full line of





having a. spreader at all.



Out of the hundreds of manure spreaders now in

use. and now being made-the bulk are not strong

enough and cannot possibly stand the terrific strain

to which all Spreaders must be put. So to safeguard

you against disappointment—we say





Take Time to Consider





why many spreader makers don’t tell what ma eriall

they use for the different parts. Consider whethe r you

want a spreader you know is made tight—~or whether

you want one that you don’t know about.



We’re. proud to tell you there’s more oak. hiskory,

steelnmalleable and wrought iron in the Great Western

than in any other spreader. VVe’re proud to tell you

that every Great Western has an all oak rrame,

double oak bolsters, oak pole, oak axle caps. oak

beater. oak bed stakes, oak rake head. oak cross

pieces, hickory single trees, hickory double trees—

hlckory neck yoke—malleable fifth wheel. malleable

apron links. malleable gear covers. and cold rolled

steel axles. apron and beater shafts.





garden and flower seeds, plants and trees . ‘





for spring planting.





 





Don’t Buy Your Spreader

On Snpa Jdugent.





 

 





We're proud to tell you the Great

Western is not only of the endless

apron type. but its endless apron is

so far ahead of any other that there‘s

hardly a comparison. It runs on 3 sets

of largo rollers. It is drawn equally

from both sides, so there‘s no friction

-—no binding, no matter how unevenly

you load it.



We're proud to tell you of the big

16-inch, Gil-pound unbreakable Great

Western malleable fifth wheel attached





The Great I





 





Western MN





to two big, solid oak bolsters by malleable braces. We're

sure you‘ll appreciate the impossibility of pulling out the

trout end—even with the heaviest loa .



We’re proud to tell you that the Great Western pole is

made of solid oak—not pine or any inferior wood. We’re

proud to tell you that the front wheels of the Great Western

track with the rear wheels, because it; means only two

wagon tracks on meadow or in new plowed ground, instead

of four, and because it means 25% less draft on your horses.

It means that you can top dress your crops without running

or tramping the rows.





We’re proud to tell you what every part of the Great

Western is made of. 100,000 farmers as well as many U. 8.

Government and State Experiment Stations have endorsed

Great; Western materials and construction.



Don’t buy any spreader on snap judgment. See the

spreader itself before you pay for it so you can prove to

yourself that it can stand the strain. Got your knife, ruler

and hammer out and tent. You don‘t want a pine, cast

iron, light weight, heavy draft spreader. You do want a

substantial machine and we want. to prove that the Great

Western is the one that will pay you the biggest profits

every year—for more years than any other spreader bull.



No matter what style or size you want—wood or steel

wheels—:55 bushels to 100 bushels capacity—you’ll find

a spreader to suit you in the Great Western line. Our

big book shows all the styles and describes every part

of them. You know just what you‘re getting—you see



just what you're getting before you pay a penny. Now



send your name for our Catalog No.5731 Mdrou





Smith Manufacturing Co.



158 East Harrison Street

Chicago. Illinois

7; >\ 2,; Eff.- ::’“ ": ”Ir‘m
H w .





12176 is)





; LIVE srocK ,





AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA LAA‘AA





FEEDERS’ PROBLEMS.





 





 





A Ration for the Fattening Steers.





I am feeding 16 steers that do not take

on fat as they should. 1 am feeding en-

silage and cottonseed meal. I feed about

45 lbs. of ensilage and 2 lbs. 0f cottonseed

meal to each steer per day. For roughage

I feed shredded cornstalks. They get no

grain except what corn is in the silage.

VJhat can I add to their ration to take

on fat. Steers weigh 800 to 850 lbs.



Kent Co. E. A.



The best feeding tables tell us that the

ration for the fattening steer should ap-

proximate a. nutritive ratio of 126, a.





little narrower at the commencement and





finish of the feeding period and a little

wider at about the time the animals are

gotten on full feed. The experiments con—

ducted with a View of determining the

amount of dry matter required for one

pound of gain in fattening steers, when

the ration is properly balanced, indicate

that about 12 to 13 lbs. of dry matter

are required to produce one pound of gain.

With these premises given as a basis for

our iigures it is not difficult to tigure out

a theoretical ration for steers from the

feeds used. V



From tables showing the digestible

nutrients contained in the feeds used in

making up the ration. we find that the

4?: lbs. of silage and two lbs. of cotton-

seed meal, together with about 10 lbs. of

shredded corn stover, which would be

required to make up the dry matter

which would be, eaten by the steers, we

have a total of 1.32 lbs. of protein, 8.6 lbs.

of carbohydrates and G: lbs. of tat. Then

by reducing the fit if: its equivalent in

starches and making tic iita‘essirgv' di‘.’i~

sion, we find the rating ,..1 lv'tl in these

steers has a nutritixc rain .r l T .7. which

is theoretically too nil“ in: ‘~:";1'e‘sultl<

As a means of corrom t,- 11m» -.‘:"i‘lilt.

the amount of cottonseed nae-f night: he

gradually increased until it is -- :rl,‘ or

quite doubled, depending upon !;i\\' ll

the corn silage is in grain. If it contains

plenty of grain. four pounds of l‘tlliilll‘t" .l

meal would no more than balance it up,

and if of average consistency in this re‘

gard the doubling of the present allow-

ance of cottonseed meal would give the

ration a nutritive, ratio of 1:5.3, while

the feeding of three pounds of cottonseed

meal would provide a nutritive ratio of

1:6.2, which would not be far from correct

theoretically.



Of course, in practical feeding, theory

cannot be follower] too closely with profit

in any case. There is, for ins‘ance. a

wide difference of opinion among rattle

feeders as to how extensively slim-2,0 can

be used as a feed for fattening slurs with

profit. However, as pixngtical t‘é‘twlors grow

in experience with the use of silage as a.

feed for fattening stems. and as experi-





 





l

‘ l





mental evidence as 2.. its efficiency ac—

cumulates, it has greatly increased in

popularity for this purpose, and there no

longer remains any ilonbt' in the mind. of

most feeders that silage is one of the





most economic feeds that can be used in

the ration for twitching steers. But there

still remains some dift’ercnww of opinion

as to the amount that should be fed, some

contending that it should be used liberal‘y

all through the feeding period, while oth-

ers believe its use should be decreased as

the fedng period advances. But the best,

authorities favor the feeding of front 40

to flu lbs. per day during the early por—

tion of the feeding,r purl-id, gradually re—

din-ins,r the amount used to 25 or 310 lbs.

per (lily at the finish of the feeding period.



But. after all is sad, the steers them-

selves will answer the question of how

inuvh ensilage to feel in each individual

case, better than tae most eminent au-

thority Likewise. the steers should be

consulted in reuard to the other feed giv-

en. That is, it shs'nili have sufficient vari—

ety to stimulate the appetite and make

the ration more palatable. and to this end

the roughage portion of the ration should

be varied as math as possible. However,

the increasing of tin protein content of

the grain ration by the addition of more

(ottonseed meal or some other concen-

trate will properly balance it for these

steers, and by gauging the amount fed to

their needs good results should be se—

cured from it, with economy in the. cost

of grains secrued.





A BUILT-OVER BARN.





 





My barn is not one of the modern kind

but one that has been-built over or added

onto, as showu by the rough sketch.

The dotted lines show the main building,





,'3 “L'Q’” ‘ .. ,. ‘





In tar-2mm .a r-e -~ gap“





. . , THE ‘MivcfiioAN FARMER.





on which additions have been built on an

four; sides. These additions were built on

at different times, and 'by taking off the

boards from the sides and ends of the

main barn for the additions, it was ‘not

necessary to purchase much new lumber.

As I did all the carpenter work myself,

the expense of 'these additions was com-

paratively small, and I now have a barn

that is very convenient, and one large

enough to hold about all the hay, grain,

corn fodder and straw that I can raise.

.-\s the barn is painted red, it compares

favorably in appearance with most barns

around the country. A portion of the

barn was painted where the lumber was

not planed.



By putting on two good coats, there is

but little difference in the looks of this

or the part where the lumber was planed.

There are many old barns around the

country, that could be enlarged by similar

additions, and painted without planing

the lumber, which could be thus improved

at small expense. Such a barn can be

nearly as conveniently arranged, and by

painting be made to look nearly as well

as a modern structure, which would cost

more than many farmers could afford.





In my barn the lofts above the horse

and sheep stable, are used for hay, which

is carried to these lofts by a carrier run-

ning the whole length of the ban. The

lofts above the cow and lambing stable

are used for storing corn fodder in win—

tor. The horse stable, exclusive of the

box stall, will accommodate five horses.

In the cow stable there is room for seven

cows, and a few calves on one end. Each

row has a separate stall, and instead of

living tied around the neck, a small chain

which is snapped into a staple at the rear

of the stall. keeps each cow in place, and





ventilation, there is no objection to hav';

ing the lambs come early, provided silage

or roots are available as a succulent feed

for the ewes, but this necessitates very

early shearing, or waiting until after the

ewes have lambed before they are shorn.



After trying both plans, the writer fav-

ors shearing after the lambs have been

dropped, which is generally during the

last days of March or the first days of

April. If the ewes are given a reason-

able degree of attention during the lamb-

ing‘ season, there is no necessity of keep-

ing the flock so closely housed as tomake

them uncomfortable in their fleeces dur-

ing ordinary March weather. The plan

which the writer usually practices is to

remove the ewes and lambs from the sta-

ble as soon as they are dropped and place

them in a separate stable from which all

droughts of cold air are excluded, for

three or four days or perhaps a week

after the lambs are dropped. In case





the weather is mild this is not always .





done, as the ewes can then be penned off

in the stable with hurdles made to fit

‘between a. rack and one side of the stable,

and the lambs will not suffer from the

cold. In fact, a good healthy-lamb will

endure a good deal of cold weather with-

out apparent suffering after they are

once dried off and filled up with warm

milk. Our stable door is always.kept op-

en on warm days when the sun shines

in", and the lambs will frisk and play in





'the sunshine and fresh air, even on a





chilly morning, with apparent delight.

Thus, if the ewes are given a reasonable

degree of attention at lambing time, there

is no necessity of housing them as close-

ly as some flock owners do, and conse-

quently no necessity of shearing before

they lamb on this account. In fact, 'We





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Doors Qoor Door

2?, g D ' -

3 o 3 Lamb‘mg

3 Cow Stable 1 '

l i l l l l Stable

Alla. . . Alley e " e

i _ .0 "D

g- _ L '3 0° i 6 O

Q ‘U C i *“

{V 43.) Z —— 3—1 0 : x

a O E

Q g L *-‘ E = Q. 3'

U) .2 i *° M E o —

a K5 C u it) e o

9 s L vh— E L

a _ . 6 [Lo “7

e ‘9 to i

Soor ‘lllllllllllllll'lllllllllll””Tlllllll ”Ulllllllllllllltllll‘ 'I'llllllllllll l'l ‘nlIlu-nllnxfl

U? ..

Q 0 St raw, Straw

O 2 X

8 " Door

.,





 





 





 





 





 





Doors





Lengh‘l of Born 88 Ft. Width 55 Ffi. and HoF’O. High





:‘ives her perfect freedom to lie down or

link herself, and my cows are always

clean. These stalls are so arranged that

the cow cannot turn around," and the

millcer has plenty of room without being

irowded. As my lambs are dropped in

l~‘rbruary and March it is nmressary to

have a separate stable for this purpose.

In this stable are several small pens in

which the ewes are confined until the

lambs get strung. Most of my barn floor

is covered with plank. which are getting

out of shape. Early in the springr l in-

tend to tear out these plank, level oft" the

ground, and put in a solid cement floor.

l have the gravel already drawn for this

purpose.



Ottawa Co. JOHN JACKSON.

EARLY VS. LATE SHEARING OF THE



BREEDING EWES.



There is not a little difference of opin-

ion among the. flock-owners of Michigan

as to the best time to shear the breeding

ewes. jrut by far the larger majority of

the breeders of pure-bred flocks, who have

perhaps made a more careful study of this

problem, prefer early to late shearing.

There is, however, quite a difference of

opinion among this class of sheep owners

as to whether the. ewes should be shorn





before or after the lambing period, and .





this is a fruitful subject for discussion

among many of them at this season of the

year. A large proportion of the sheep

breeders prefer to have their lambs drop-

ped in March, as proper care can be giv—

en them at this time with less loss of

time needed in the doing of other farm

work than when the are dropped later in

the season. If the stables are reasonably

warm and provision is made for proper





believe it better for both ewes and lambs

if they are not sheared so early as to

make very close housing necessary during

the month or more covered by the lamb-

ing season.



But if they are sheared at about the

close, of the lambing period, they will suf-

fer less from the exposure than would be

the case. if not sheared until turned to

pasture as was formerly the common

intivtiCO. Then the cold storms are often

the cause, of serious loss, while the hot

sun burns their unprotected backs, but if

sheared at the time above mentioned, the

wool will get well started before the pas-

turiug season arrives, and will protect

them from both wind and sun, while the

growth will not get so heavy as to be

burdensome during the hot weather, as

is the case where excessively early shear-

ing is practiced.



'With feeding or fattening lambs, or

with show sheep the case is an entirely

different one, and different factors must

be considered. But with the breeding

ewes, it is the writer‘s firm belief, after

a careful study of the problem for a pe-

riod of many years, that both economic

and humanitarian considerations are bet-

ter met. by shearing around the first of

April than at any other season of the

year.





Oakland Co. A. R. FARME'H,





O. J. Hess, widely known as a general

Tarmer and stockman of Kansas, is win-

:cring 200 head of good steers on rough

teed. Usually, the farmers of that region

are extensive cattle feeders, but this win-

ter very little feeding is being carried on,

as feeders are regarded as too high. The

country thereabouts has a great abund-

once of rough feed, however, and some

farmers are using it for roughing the cat-

tle through the winter. '





 





 





DO





GEARS AND BHAINS





When you buy a hay loader don’t buy

gears and chains but get. an easy running

GEARLESS.



It does all that any cylinder or geared

loader will do and has none of their trouble-

some parts.



Gears, sprockets and chains 'on- a. hay load‘

er are a. constant: source of annoyance and

frequently cause serious delays right. in the

heart. of the haying season.



The GEARLESS HA Y LOADER has no gears.

no sprockets, no chains nor any of the trouble-

some parts or other loaders.





its very simple mechanical construction

makes it. lighter draft. than others and it

.will outlive two to three other leaders.

BOOKLET FREE—We want every farmer

to have our Free Hay Loader Booklet. It is

full of hay loader facts and illustrations.

Write a postal for it. today.





LACROSSE HAY TOOL 00..





32nd Street. Chicano Heights. llllnoll





Use KEROSENE

Engine FREE 1,,





Amazing “DETROIT" Kero-

sene Engine shipped on 15 days'



REE Trial proves kerosene

cheapest. safest. most powerful

fuel. I! satisfied. ,v lowest

price ever given on re iuble farm

engine: if not. pay nothing.





Gasoline Going llp!





Automobile owners are burn.

ing up so much gasoline that the

world‘ a supply is running short.

Gasoline is 9c to 15¢ highertlmn

coal oil. Still going up. Two

pints coal oil do Work of three

pints gnsoline. No Waste. no '

evaporation, no explosion from

coal oil.





 





 





 





 





   

 

 





 





 





_ coal oil successfullymses al-

cohol. gasoline and benzlne,

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Sent any place on 15 days' Free Trial. Don'S buy an one-inc

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Only $45 0 the only engine that handles





 





   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





The Lankford Cotton

Collar has all the sci-

ence of collar service

perfected. It is built for

both the buyer and the

; horse. Cotton is the

' cheapest and most effect—

ive padding known. It is

so soft and absorbent that

it produces a pad and col-

lar combined, which pre-

vents rubbiuz-sores and

sweat-galling. Being open

at the bottom.itgives back

and forth, and cannot

tighten or choke even

with extreme shoul.

dcr movement in

hardest hauling.

Ask to see the Lank-

ford Collar at your dealer's. If not on hand,

send us his name and we will enable him to

show them at once. Write immediately 10





COUCH BROS. MFG. CO.





B -3 CINCINNATI OHIO





fonbookllet on humane collars.

entitled Horse Sense." No. 125.





 





 





The farm labor saver that lasts a lifetime. Broad tired





steel wheels carry any load. No wear-out to them.

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Amazing “llEllfl'”





 

   





 





 





+_,_..





\ -





‘m





-4.
Fan. 18, 1911.





MANAGEMENT OF THE SPRING PIG

cnop.





 





The saying that a pig well born is half

raised is eminently true, and no pig can

be well born from a. mother that is under-

fed or improperly nourished while she is

carrying her litter. My experience in

handling breeding swine has convinced me

that it is much easier, and far more sat—

isfaetory, to begin by feeding the brood

sows a proper diet a few weeks or months

before farrowing time, than it is to have

a bunch of cross, feverish sows to handle

when the farrowing period arrives.





Here is another consideration. When

we lose the early litters we lose the pro—

duct of the season. we cannot replace

them the same season. so we want to

take every precaution to raise those lit-

ters. If we have comfortable fan-owing

houses and, give proper attention to the

management of the sows during this crit-

ical period, it is possible to save a very

high percentage of these early pigs. \Vhen

we have plenty of skim—milk to supple—

ment their grain food and mill feed it is

comparatively easy to make up a ration

that will maintain their flesh condition

and carry them safely over the weaning

period and have them well started. by the.

time pasture and forage crops are avail—

able.



Breed from Mature Stock.



Breeding from immature stock is the

cause of many disappointments in the size

and quality of the pig crop and I cannot

too highly caution men to give up this

practice. I know from experience that it

has been very profitable for me to retain

mature brood sows. 1 regard the brood

sow and her ability as a producer in the

same light as l do the dairy cow and it

ought. to be the aim of every hog grower

to see how'much he can gain by retaining

his best dams. We should keep in mind

that a good brood sow. a good feeder and

a good milker will give in comparison as

much milk as one of our best cows. In

premature breeding. the young gilt is of-

ten subjected to severe trials of maternity

and cannot raise and properly nourish

her young. because she must raise her

own self, therefore it is best to retain

the older sows that possess good. vigorous

constitutions and that have a reserve

force in the shape of flesh and energy that

goes a long ways toward getting the

young pigs started on the right road to

profitable porkers.



Too many hog growers are breeding

their pigs on but one principle. and that

is luck. When they save a fair propor-

tion of their early litters, that is good

luck. When they lose a large proportion

through exposure and bad managcmcnt.

that is bad luck. We must get away from

the common belief that there is any prin-

ciple of luck associated with the manage—

ment of the spring pig crop and learn

that the only sure road to success is a

knowledge and understanding of the fun-

damental principles of the business and

carrying them out in detail,





The Winter Ration.



In making up the winter rations for the

brood sows I have found that n-utriment,

succulence and bulk form the trinity of

successful feeding. Liberal feeding every

day with those foods best adapted to the

condition of the sow. must be the. infal—

lible rule. Good, wholesome blood. bone

and iniiScle-forming foods. such as midm

dlings. ground oats. oil meal and barley,

with roots for succulcnce and clover to

add bulk to the ration. will make ideal

food for sows that are. carrying litters of

pigs. In feeding these foods I prefer to

mix the roots and cut clover with the

.‘Jrain foods and feed the whole mixture in

the form of a warm slop. The man who

feeds his sows a ration of good. nourishing

foods and gives them good, dry sleeping

placcs is invariably sure of having a good

crop of healthy and vigorous spring pigs.



Sows that are fed on corn and other

concentrated. heat-producing foods dur-

ing pregnancy are quite sure to cxpcri-

ence more or less difficulty at farrowinf-l‘

time and we need not blame the sow or

wonder if she is cross and feverish and

runs and chases the pigs up in one corner

of the pen. or even turns upon them and

devours them.



I find that the time spent. in cultivating

the acquaintance of the brood sows and

studying their individuality and disposi-

tion pays me large returns. By placing

them in thc farrowing houses two or

three weeks before farrowing time they

have an opportunity to become acquaint-

ed with their new surroundings and ac-

customed to being handled by the herds-

man.



Care at Farrowlng Time.



The most severe losses can be avoided



if good judgment is exercised in caring





THE MICHIGAN FARMER;





for them during the time they are far-

rowing. Many pigs are lost through be-

coming chilled and era’wling under the

sow and when it is possible it is an excel-

lent plan to take the pigs and place them

in a. basket as fast as they come and keep

them there until the sow has completed

the farrowing act, and then place them

with her and see that each pig finds his

place at the dinner table and gets a good

start in life before leaving. Many hog

growers and feeders claim that, it is a

piece of over—refinement to care for the

brood sows in thismanner, but let me say

right here that the only money I have

ever found in the business of growing

market hogs has bccn made by attending

to what some growers term detail work.



\thn we find a man who has made a

success with some particular branch of

stock raising and feeding we invariably

find that he is a. careful feeder and makes

a constant study of the individual needs

of each animal that is under his care. All





this does not mean that we should pumps





t‘l' and ovcrfced our hogs. but simply give





them the kind of food and care that their:





artificial environment demands.

Feed and Care After Farrowlng.





For the. first :24 hours after fart-owing:





thc sow should be fed very sparingly. A

little warm water and wheat bran will be

adequatc. The. second day middlings may





be substituted and the. ration graduallyi

increased until the pigs are capable of:





taking all of the milk she is capable of

producing. Make some. kind of a creep

so that the little pigs can come out of the

t':ii'rov.'ing pen and eat out of a small

trough by themselves. Encourage them

to eat and exercise and thcre will be lit-

tle danger from thumps and by the time

they are ready to be wcnned they will be

capable of eating sutl’lcient food from

the trough so that they will not fall away

in flesh and condition when they are

taken away from the sow.



in some instances when the sows are

rather along in years it will bo .indicions

to take the young pigs and remove their





tasks as soon as they come. The pigs





from older sows are more apt to have‘





sharp tusks than those from youngcr





sows. ’l‘he tusks are. very sharp and pain:





t’ul to the sow, and in many instanccs

cause her to jump and become excitcd

whcn the pigs are sucking, >



One of the most difficult problems that





confront hog growers is to find a remedy?

to prevent scours and indigestion. I bc—i





licve that this complaint comcs largely

from unsanitary conditions of the pen and

ncsts, and for that. reason it will be. an





excellent procaution to sprinkle the ncstSf

with lime and spray the inside of the pens‘





with a good disinfectant.



"i'heat middlings are a very desirable

grain food for sows that are suckling a

litter and mixed with other milk-produc-

ing foods such as ground oats, corn in

limited quantities, tankage and oil meal

to give variety to the ration, make excel—

l‘cnt rations for the Sows. 'l‘ne feedcr

must use his own judgnunt as to the

amount and regulate it by the condition

of the. sow and hcr litter. No man can

tell just how much food and attention a

sow will require during the farrowing pe-

r'od and the. time she is nursing her lit—

ter. Constant attention alone will decide

the question.



Good care and rational fccding of the

sow and her pigs during this critical per

i'iod of their lives has a marked influence

that can be noted until they are full

grown. Start the pigs right and keep

them gaining every day from birth to ma-

tniity. Feed them a ration adapted to





their needs up to the time they are fivej





months of age and thcn finish them with

a short fattening period and you will be.

reasonably sure of making a fair profit

from the business.



New York. W'_ MILTON KELLY.





 





A supcrabnndance of cheap corn every-

whcre is causing farmers to put plentv of

flesh on their live stock. and this applics

to sheep and lambs. as well as to cattle

and hogs. Now heavy mutton on the hoof

is a bad seller except at such times as

exporters are good buyers, and these

times are apt to be rather wide apart.

although the foreign outlet has improved

considerably in recent weeks. If there is

a general movement on the part of sheep—

mcn to hold their flocks until they become

heavy. the later market will be glutted

and much lower. Sheepmen should bear

this in mind.



It is estimated that about 000000 sheep

and lambs are on feed in Colorado. Over

half of these are in the Arkansas Valley.

and the San Luis Valley has the smallest

number of any section. 'Around 40.000

cattle are on feed at the different sugar

beet factories in Colorado, or less than

half the number fed a year ago.



The. number of sheep in Texas has de-

creased approximately 3.000.000 head dur-

ing the last ten years. Destruction by

wolves and other wild animals has been





Absolutely FREE





You can Train Your coll in 8 Hours or

Break Your Horses at Any Bad Habits

by Prof. Beery’s Simple Methods





Prof. Jesse Beery. king of horse tamcrs and trainers.

has retired from his marvelous career in the arena and

is now teaching his wonderful system by mail to thou-

sands of interested horse owners.



Prof. Beery is acknowledged to be the world‘s master

horseman. His wonderful exhibition of taming fierce.

man-killing horses and conquering horses of all disposi-

tions have thrilled vast audiences all over the world.

He can teach you the same simple. yet marvelous.

principles which have brought him such remarkable

success. so that you can take the most vicious horse

and subdue him in a few minutes. He can teach you to

train a green colt. break any horse of bad habits. teach

a horse to drive without reins. tell the disposition of

any horse at a single glance. train him to do difficult

t tricks and. in fact, gain complete mastery over any

horse. young or old.



You can take a useless and dangerous animal and

double his value in a short time by these easy. simple

methods. And these horses will be cured of shying.

kicking. balking, biting. fear of automobiles and all

other bad traits forever.



Prof. Beery's lessons are simple. thorough and

practical.





$1,200 to $3,000 a Year





At Home or Traveling!





Competent Horse Trainers are in demand every‘

where. People gladly pay 5515 to fiZS-a head to have

horses tamed. trained. cured of bad habits. to have

colts broken to harness. A good trainer can always

keep his stable full of horses.





What Prof. Beery"s Students Are Doing





Breaking horses of every conceivable habit. no mat-

ter how long standing it is. Training colts to be ab-

solutely trustworthy and useful in 8 hours. Riding

with perfectease and control. Training horses to go

all the saddle gaiis and do fancy steps. Training

horses to do the most difficult and interesting tricks.

Telling any horse’s disposition at sight—nudging a

horse right the first time. There is no limit to what a

horse can be taught when you know how.



We receive hundreds of letters like the following:



J. 0. Brown. (.‘aincron. lllo.. R. R. 4.. writes. “Last month

I made $90.00 training colts. besides inv rcuulnr farm Work."



A. ' Bower. Timon. Ind.. writes. “You have made. inc :1

practical colt trainer. have all the work 1 can do and make

more money than ever before."



1 S. M. Ryder. Mcrccrsburg. Pa..writcs. ' I am making moncv

buying 3-year-old kickers cheap. handling them a few days and

selling them. perfectly broken. at alareo profit."



Levi Smith. A d in i re. .

Kllni'i.. R. R. 2. writcs. "

have uscd your methods- on

some very mean and vicious.

horses and had good suc-

cess; broke e. five-yenr-old

from kicking in two hours.

'1 he owner ofiered to sell it

for $75.00. but. after

trained her he refused

$75.00.”





PROF. JESSE BEERY

42 Academy St. Pleasant Hill, Ohio





 





 





 





(9) 177





Attention. Horse OWners!





Send for Handsome Boot





   

 

 





 





The Only lnstructlon

of Its Kind in the World





Never before in the history of the

world has there been offered such a

vonderful opportunity as this —n.

chance to learn a money-making,

fascinating profession right at home,

under the instruction of the acknowl-

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If you love to travel. to give exhibi-

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some. free prospectus. also big FREE

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7,000 Satisfied Graduates





There are now more than 7.000 satisfied

and successful BOOT)! raduates in all

parts of the world. T or are ten ing

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Prof. Beorv‘s wonderful course. They

comprise Farmers. Professional Horse

Trainers. Horse Breeders. Billing Mas-

ters. Teamsters. etc. They are able to

pick 'un plenty of money on the side

practicing what Prof. Beery taught. them.

Hi)“ not become one of them?





‘3





   

 

 

 

   

 

   





ESSIL‘ BERRY.

PROF, J AlZAcuo'rm/I Sh. .

Pleasant 11113. 01110





n - “luulllilnllllu-n[luv-av





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__ 4,],—

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t

t





   





uhll||nllll|l|





 





Gui Gut This Coupon _.

and Mail It Today! ‘ ‘ (15)





 





 

 





i

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W





 





 

 





 





 

 





 

 





 

 





 





 





 





 





 

 





   





:\ l,orsc it

less. Fl

used he stopped and is now perfectly melt."





t con-,3





   





Large size three. times small size.

iiig horsemen.





11 Third Street

LaFayeite, Ind.





OUR LAST IMPORTATION





Percheron 8 allinns and Mares





\Ve cordially invite everybody to come and visit our

\Vo can >cll

you a first-class stallion or mare for less money than any





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importer in America. Terms to suit purchasers.





 





" tell you what to do and when to

do it.

’ the causes, symptoms and how to treat

Distemper. liitlucnza. l‘IpizooLic. Shipping



Fever, Coughs and Colds. lite. “

nary Pointers” is full of valuable hints.

"The IIorse, His Diseases and Treatment"

starts with Bots and ends with Shoeing—a book

you’ll always preserve.





cnnr‘rs

DISTEM PER SURE





is saving thousands of dollars for farmers. .

, safest. quickest cure for Distemper. Coughs, ( olds..lic\crs. I‘.t,c.. on

the markct. We‘ll prove it for you. at our expense it it. fails. (-ct a

bottle. and try it on our money back guarantee.

(l. A. Sumner. Montague. Illicit” writes: “i ind

'l for two years. 1 tr} l m crvtlii:



‘v I inzzrtl of (Walls. llciurt- l ..c~' ..'





If your dealer can't supply you send to EH.

‘ l‘lndorscd by lead—

Writc for 3 free books today.





VVELLS MiEDICINE CO.





Prairie Stock Farm





Niles is ninety miles from (*‘liicago on the Michigan Central.





E. METZ HUHSE IMPUBTING 00., Niles, Mich.





IIIScIId YOU Three

.30





ligpéflé





W5





They tell how to cure.

all the. common diseases of

horses. shccp and dogs. They





   

   

 

   

 

 

   

 

   

   

 

 

   

   

   

   

 

   

   

 

 





 





"Dr. Crafts Advice" tells ' ’





eteri-





They also tell how





Contain proof that. it is the





Just read this letter.





 

 





r \\'llll"lil:-11L-

L 1 mile was





 

 





Stlc and $1.00.





 





 

 





 





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large.





When Writing to advertisers mention the Michigan Far-er
178 <10)





TREATING AILING SH EEP.





 





 





 





“'hile it is the consensus of opinion

that preventive is better than a. cure, few'

flock owners are that fortunate in theirl

management that they do not occisionaflly

have to administer medical treatmentto

some ailing sheep. There is a great deal,

in knowing how to prevent attacks of'

diseases. but lespite thoughtful care,

symptoms of physical disorder will be—

come manifest and unless immediate at—

tention is directed to relief the trouble

becomes more serious and frequently fatal,

results follow. Very frequently, if atten—§

tion is immediately given slight ailments,

the progress of the disorder can be per-1

mancntly checked and serious, if not,

fatal. results a\ oided. A great drawback

to administering treatment to ailing sheep

among t‘lock owners, is delay in not till{-‘

in}; heed of trouble when symptoms first

appear. Any person who has ever had

any experience with diseases of any na-

ture knows that a stitch in time saves

nine. if an ailment is immediately taken

in hand in the early stage it can invar—

iably lie checked and avoid an immeas—

ureali‘te amount of worry and trouble.





 

 

 

 





 





 

 

   

   





f S—lienigth

o erv ce

COST Go.nSidered





Twenty years of usefulness means much We want you to know our

in a wagon, yet thousands of Studebakers dealer in your neighborhood. Drop

have reached that age, yes, and we know of us a line so we can send you his name

hundreds that have been in use for twenty-five and address. Then let him show you

.or thirty years, and of a number that are near- why a Studebaker costs less than any other

mg the half century mark. wagon, length of service considered.

Consider this when you buy a wagon. If it’s - v -

a. Studebaker it’s a lifetime investment. Repair our Ygghklgtedifgfrsafgfisg“$1,232 ,sencllt £21115

bills are practically unknown. It’s built right in you why our slope shoulder spo'kes’ m ake

the beginning. strongest wheels; why our wheels give uniform

. Another thing. You can buy a Studebaker satisfaction; how we construct our gears; why our

right a}: home—you can satisfy yourself as to its skeins are practically indestructible.

:dsnigtve’stt: Siihamnmg quality, Its beauty, before It tells you how we treat our timber; where

_ , we get it and the kind we use; how we test our

We have thousands of dealers in this country paints and oils

who will gladly point out to you in person its '





 

 

   





 

 





   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 





 





'l‘li-,- thoughtful, painstaking flock owner

always has his mind on his sheep. lie is





 





 

 

 

 

   





 





ever watchful of approaching foes and superior merits—Who It gives facts about “Studebaker Quality”

daily notes the disposition of every indi- . will guarantee and and “Studebaker Methods” and carries you

vidual in the flock. Sheep fed on a wide Largest Vehicle Manu- be responsible for step by step through the making of a Stude-





rnuge of diet, given plenty of exercise facturer in the world. your purchase. baker wagon-

and properly protected from adverse Pl

ant covers 101 acres.





\\'t-ather conditions, are less apt to mani-





172st symptoms of disorder than animals Over 100,000 complete StUdebaker Bros. Mfg. C0.





 





 





 





poorly l‘cd, ii'r-gz‘ularly cared for and in— h. l d .

:tdctpiately sheltered. lrrcgularity of haii- V6 1c es ma 8 every year' AdV.N0.1429 south Bend, Indiana

its is one of the first indications that g





notities the tlock owner that some mem—

her of his tlock is ailing. \thn :1 sheep

stands hack from the feed rack with its AMERICAN





head down there is evidence that soino—‘Steel Fence Post





thing is wrong which demands immediate

Cheaper Than Wood

and More Durable





 





attention.



in treating.r ailing Sheep the first step is

to remove the. animal to a warm. quiet

and Well-lighted place. where convenient

to care for. Never attempt to administer

treatment: to an ailing animal \Vllllt' with

the flock. as it frightens the rest of the





Many years of experiment—





ing with lllt‘ttll fence posts Jumbo Combination

llll-VO (lt‘.V(‘l<l])t.‘d this post. Wire stretcher and Hoist





 





 





slit-U1) .tlltl provokes irritation. lf:\'t’:'\' tlock - -

' ‘ ' ‘()ll‘7 - -

on oer should have in readiness some 1th .1119“ “I”! bhly. practi Tw° Perfect T°°h ‘“ One

I‘ j V ' 7 ' I I) . , ' .

More about the barn where sick animals: ('4' ’11 lmgu 0'3 “(Hun/11101“? n Iginiilciiegfvéii 011133? wifgstrzggelrl

. . . ' . e -



can he contined, as it is impossihle to tell ‘ onthe film“: 1” tlmto“ni for ever made. Light and easy to handle.



\'.'llt‘ll it will he needed. If there is an)" railroads and wherever Forhmstxne bOXG-S- barrels, madunem Madefmm "10'0““-



. ..- . . baled liay,lifttng wagon box on or ott gear, 1y Galvanized 0 en

«MI-slim 21$ 10 the nature of the ailment, fL‘llCG pOStS ztl‘C llSCd. for butchering, etc.. it’s theverytoolevery g;ga:figlzgg;va‘;;

precautionary measures should be exer- \l‘ 1 f 1 1 1 1 7'] farmer needs. styles and geights of

t iseil to avoid infection. ' A . .tt 0 O toug l Stt (’ l “85.1 y The Heavier the Load, “ Ig‘gfi‘ée’fififi‘gd poultry



r 1 . ‘ n r I .

Indigestinn is a very common ailment Ante co .Lte d. I/uitthlllty L k the Tlf-htflr till: 1(Ed-villa d H 1 31

. , _ . m c . 3 03 s — .

among sheep during the Winter months, ])lOVCn by its—ften years’ at :gyspzliin: {altrapgtentolock shoeaafid' 4 Centsa Rad up

and attacks are frequent, especially while actual use 5.3110“qu good as dog makes slipping Impossible. Works Soidonsodaysrreotrtul. Itnotsatlsfied re-

the ”U .1» i' confined t ) dr _ f ‘01 The .1“ . perfectly regardless of condition of rope. turn it at our expense and we will refund

.t x s . , L . y t t . . . — llU\V. 3188.118 {L lug r0duc- Good for years and years of hard wear. yourmoney. 80-rod spool of Idulgalvmdzed



ment may be characterized as a failure, (If tion in fence 0th and Fullyguaranteed. Price.52.00£1§dealer5.0r BARBED WIRE $1.45

tne natural changes which food undergoes . V ’ L ~ “a,“ “51 “praise pfigzg‘ wm‘e cod” t" large Free camlogue'

. . _ . . e aso ma . - -

lll the alimentary canal. Sheep confined maintenance. . :" 400 lbs. to5tons capacity: KITSELMANBROS.Boxz78Muncle,lndinna.

to a dry, narrow ration without any form 40—page_catalog sent; tree, fully Write at once for our . ’ samenesssuaaam.

ot‘ succulent food, are more apt to suffer at- I‘llllsll‘i‘ttlng 3' ll d deserlbmg. . Free Trial Offer

tacks ot’ indigestion than when on pasture. bend 1‘” It“ HALL MFG. CO.





Get the genuine EMPIRE big

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Big Factory, Big

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l



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L t . expense, pirlces low. Every-

1



t



t





Ordinarily the ailment is not serious, but

it permitted to run its course takes a more

acute stage and freqticntly results fatal-

ly. Indigestion is also a common ailment

among highly fed animals. especially those:





Sold ’by dealers everywhere. ‘ , 420 M“. 9,

Ask dealer to show samples and .

quote prices, or write us direct),





American Steel 8: Wire Co.





 





 





 





 





. , ‘ l thin grantee . Free 83m lesb

Leing latted or prepared for show pur- Chime: New York: meagtl’gttlgégoifleadinggty‘lesfflgélltm‘g



, ., ._ , . , ‘ pa on p0 nts nort o the loans!

poses A. ( oinmon sy mptom, and one most . 115 Adam Street 30 Church Street . “at of the Mlaslsslpptmver:—





 





likely to llt't‘tllllt‘ tlrst apparent in attacks:

«It indigestion. is the animal standing hacki

from thi- t‘eed trough with head down-l

hard. A purg'utive should be first adniin—'

tutored. (“aster oil, 3 ozs., glauber saltsl

7» to G ozs.. or raw linseed oil one—hnlt‘j

pint are oxm-llcnt laxatives and can be:

given without endangering the Working of t

the digestive system. I ’



t‘:tt:I.rrh is another very prevalent dis—





39 23¢ per rod 370 per rod



£7 26c per rod 410 per rod



55 820 per rod 49c per rod

Special rates beyond this territory.





BOND STEEL POST C0" 16 E. Manes 5L. Adrian. Mich.





Denver: San Francisco: . o i o 1 Vim luahoshtgh Medlum Weight Extra. boavy(nllNo.9)

First Nat. Bank Bldg. 16th and Folsom St. A 7 M11110 Rod P 69 lg

— n n 13

. -. .7 v . 'Our new prices are based on this enormJ

. , ous output. Prices the lowest ever made

' for a. high grade fence. ,We can

. , Save You 5 to 15 Cents a Rod





and you’ll say _ .. .

it is the best. ;‘ , . _ . 1 \

fence you'ever . , ' ' “ . -l



' ‘ .- ' . . -’ Cheaper and

used' J‘JaSIeSt ‘ ' ' far better than wood for Lawns,





 





 





,,n“l2iiIt' l

Heaviest Fence Made ‘

Heavtest Galvaniztng \/





We make 160 styles. Horse





 





 

 





1.2;!)

' v





 





 





   





 





 





     





 





 





 





 





‘ . _ . . , ~‘ y,\ Cattle. 5119‘?)- llUK- and bull 4" 'V , ,'. g .1 HI U D, lasts ' ‘, Churches, Cemeteries. Also Poul-

(nse among sheep during the fall, Winter _ [Koolflicnteslmadeo‘fNo.9 . ' ' Pongest and is . ; ,,- "v ,md “Huh“... FmCamog.

. . u e vs I. ' ires I....,. . ‘ ‘ ‘ ,' .- . ‘ '~ ‘ .

:Ilnl spring months. In :1 climate such asj aontl‘ahstlut‘o‘llyiflrst Elmo: \‘L‘iy ' . the strange“ . , ‘_ W'm mgpwmmm‘r'

' fence made. Sell to user at - '





es.





rl’ Bargnln l'riros: I r .73. ..

lit-en) per Bod Up‘fizl”

'1 Pom”)! and Rabbit Proof W4

' Femes, Lawn Fences and ' “ ‘

Gates. Send for Catalog W x, . .wh





rillt'lll,.‘,tlll has. where the \Vt'tilht‘l‘ changes'

frequently. there is greater danger of at-

t:tcks of t'i'tllll‘l'h than where the climate





 





 





 





   





Dealers Prices FreightPrepaid





Don't buy fence AT ANY PRICE before get-





To Buyers of Woven

Wire Fencing.





 





 





 





 





 





   





 





 





 





 





 





. ‘ X . . i ‘ . H: J . and Free sample {or test. 1,, i in I, . tin our iriees. The will surprise 011. . .



is molt lllOdt i ate and lt ss changeable. w _;,,, . I), 37' 3 '13:. nruwurelucc flvgeJr$v 2,, W Weggivc clustomers 36,1)3 8 Free Ty-al Notice this. knot wilth It‘lurde' fDid



(tnlarrh is 1.11.2.0“, (luv [0 (*X lost I‘. t am . ., ‘1‘," 7,." , . opt. 49 C on n ' . ' ’ . . ll you ever seett's aqua ‘f ‘a e roxn

r . . I ll 9 0 d I” ._ I .. . A, ‘ . ‘ that they may Db y the best galvanized wire. Agents





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





sure they are

satisfied. Full

line of Farm





wanted in open territory. ' -

lute protection guaranteed to all

agents. “'rite for prices, models.

catalogues. etc., to





 





Weather after hemp; sulect-t to high tem—

perature in the harn. Sheep that are al-





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





lowed to run in open sheds with good pro— and Poultry



tcction from storms are less likely to fig’ce‘flcysefll Thelmbler Fonce&Mig.Co.,

attacks of catairh than those, closely BAR ED — IRE ' l Alexandria, Ind.

housed. The most effective treatment and 0‘"?- Write ‘0? Free Catalogue.





Wire Fences





consists of removing the cause. if the

flock generally is attacked than attention





   

 





comm SPRING FENCE COMPANY, , 1

Keep hogs from going under 303 21 WINCHESTER, INDIANA.





 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





   





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





   

 





 





 





should be directed to some modification in ,' wire fence. Hold fence down A

the management. \Vln-rc animals are .: in crossing depressions. Protecé FENCE cflEAPER

m... mm stintsmattresses. - . 48 Ill. . .0. 25¢ u woon

given good nursing for several days ho- their use you can set your Best 1112}? carltion tcoileg steel otallklngalgnnlzllng, k Formosbores and Arches

fore returning to the ll ) -k. A 1: xat‘ , < wire. easy 0 5 re C over _ 8. uper or war mans p. 3. Moss sentfroe

' ‘ . é a, . If ‘ ‘ , ‘ 11‘“ 1 Posts 35-40 F t. Apart hills and hollows. FREE WireFenceCo.,2129wiuluAve.,Anderson,Ind,

first should be much. {I theic 1s fever I Simple,cheap. easy to use. No dig- -1,, Catalog—~fciices,tools. Buy

have given the foilowmg with excellent ging necessary. Special driving tool “0.111 fgft‘Ptryt at whglesgge

. . . . .. . . , , - free with orders of 100 or over. Prices- '1'! e 0 3y 0 ox Llwn FEIcE

icsults. Epson salts, half otnn (. salt- your deuleror writeto KASON FENCE 00.. LEEsmma,o.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





; ----_- Many designs. Cheap as

~ v.2?“ wood. 82 page Catalogue

- C : t i 3 free. Special Prices to

J’A’NM"! Churches and Cemeteries.

{lit )1. i} )1": 0 oiled Spring Fence Co.

, : ' Box 1 Winchester. 1nd.





 





   





 





petre, one. dram, and ground ginger one J. M. PEEL&BRO.,B¢IIIZ Marysville.0hio

dram. This dose may he given in an Oil L i





—F‘armers having

1 . s I u M P stumps and stones to

meal s‘ruel or mixed with molasses, ALWAYS mention [he MICIIGAN FARM“ 1’1“.“ Should wr'te 101'





prices on dynamite.

Shin wassee Co. LEO C. REYNOLDS. when WI are "BEL-g to advertisers. caps and fuse. MEREDI‘I’H POWER co.. Richmond. Ind
FEB. 18, 1911.





A GRAIN RATION FOR THE HORSES.





I would like to ask through your paper

what would be the most profitable ration

for feeding horses? I haven’t very much

oats. What would be best, ‘to feed corn

to the horses, or buy oats and feed the

corn to the cattle? Also, what is the 'best

feed for dairy cows, wheat bran or ground

oats? S.



Where one is short of oats for the

‘horses and has plenty of corn, a very good

grain ration can be made up by mixing

about 600 lbs. of corn and 200 lbs. of oil

meal with some oats mixed in to lighten

the ration. Or, in case it is desired to get

along without the oats a mixture of 600

lbs. of corn, 200 lbs. of bran and 100 lbs.

of oil meal will make an economical and

well balanced ration which will be found

as efficient and rather cheaper than oats

at present prices for these grains, as a

smaller feed of this mixture will contain

the same animal nutrients as a, normal

feed of oats. ,



The best grain for cows depends not a.

little on the roughage they are getting. In

case clover hay is fed, a mixture of corn,

oats and wheat bran is a good feed. but

some oil meal, cottonseed meal or 'both can

be substituted for the wheat bran with

economy, as they are cheaper sources of

needed protein to balance up the ration

than is bran at present prices for these

concentrates.





GRAIN RATION FOR THE BROOD

SOWS.





 





After reading an article in the Michigan

Farmer I am stimulated with the desire

to know just where I am at with a bunch

of brood sows. At present I have seven

brood sows which I am feeding as fol—

lows: Twenty-one lbs. of ground feed. 1A;

bu. corn on car and .11/3 bu. carrots and

potatoes per day In two feeds. The

ground feed is composed of 600 lbs. of

corn meal, 300 lbs. of middlings, 200 lbs.

of buckwheat bran and 100 lbs. cotton-

seed meal. Roots are cooked and fed

mixed with the grain feed and fed warm.

Cornstalks are fed to the sows: as many

as they will eat. Would you advise me to

feed any more of the feed or change the

ration in any way? -



Leelanau Co. J. L. Ix.



The ration given is not badly balanced

in its content of nutrients, and the roots

give it a desirable degree of bulk for the

brood sows. The worst fault that can be

found with it is the use of cottonseed

meal as a concentrate to provide the

needed protein to balance up the corn in

the ration. CottOnseed meal seems to

contain some property which is dclctcrious

to pigs, and if fed to them frr a r-(llltill-

uous period often causes serious trouble

and sometimes even death. Of course,

where. fed in relatively small quantities

such as are given in this ration, there

is comparatively little danger where the

feed is not used for too long a period, but

there are too many concentrates available

which will answer the same purpose to

make it wise to take any chances on this

proposition. Oil meal or gluten feed. or

even tankage in small quantities could be

substituted for the cottonseed meal in

this ration with advantage.



Buckwheat bran varies greatly in feed-

ing value, depending on the percentage of

shorts present in it. The ‘hulls probably

have a smaller feeding value for hogs than

for cows, on account of (he excess of fiber

which they contain, but this would not be

as objectionable for the brood sows as for

young or growing pigs. and there is prob-

ably no occasion for eliminating this feed

from the ration. The amount of corn

used might perhaps be decreased with ad-

vantage, although if the sons are given

plenty of exercise there will be little dan—

ger of complications from its use in the

proportions named. especially With the

succulent feed and coarse materials mixed

with it. If clover hay is available it

might be substituted for the corn fodder,

as it will add some protein to the ration.

This, however, would be a\smal1 factor.

and a variety of forage which the sows

will relish would serve the best purpose.



UNTHRIFTY FALL PIGS.





I have some small fail pigs that do not

thrivc. Am feeding some corn with

skim-milk heated and mixed with white

iniddlings. Do you think if I had some

tankage that they would do better?



St. Joseph Co. S, I). R.





Since you have skim-milk to feed the

pigs. the tankage would not be’ necessary.

1 would certainly advise tankage if you

had no skim-milk, because growing young

pigs need a good per cent of protein in

their food. for the development of the

vital organs of their bodies. and the mus-

cular tissues, but skim-milk. warmed. and

mixed with wheat middlings with a prop-

er amount of corn in connection with this,

would be as good feed as you can find

for young, growing pigs. As a matter of

fact, this is just what I am feeding my





THE MICHIGAN FARMER. an m





pigs, and just what I would recommend ' *'

everybody to feed to young growing pigs. .

Who Said





I don’t see' how you could get a. better ra-

tion for them. If there is one, I do not

Don’t forget that every cow needs

Pratts Animal Regulator this time





 





know of it. ~



And yet you say the pigs are not thrif—

ty. Now, this unt'hriftiness may not come

from the feed. There are a great many

other things that might cause the pigs to

be unthrifty, besides the feed. In the

first place. are you feeding them all they

will eat up clean every day? Your grow-





ing pigs want a good liberal ration it you i ii ; V . Of yea!"

' V ' Winter confinement on dry fodder

with no exercise means inactive bowels.

The whole system clogs up; the blood is poor;

coat rough and loss of flesh invariably results.





want them to do well. They must have it.

You can‘t expect pigs to grow and develop

on a maintenance ration. They want all

they will eat up clean. If you will make

a good thick slop out of wheat middlings

and skim—milk, and feed them all they

will eat up clean three times a day, or

twice a day even, then give them all the

corn they will eat up clean once a day.

then if your pigs aren't thrifty and don't

do well, it is not on account of the food,‘





P19”;

Animal Regulator





bUt SOmGthing else. ; keeps bowels active and regular; purities the blood; aids digestion and

If you-r quarters where they sleep are; insures to your stock all the nutriment in the feed. .

clean, warm and dry and they get thisE It cures and prevents disease and insures perfect health. Cows ‘w111

good feed, it may be that they have; give more and richer milk when Pratts Animal Regulator IS used. Peed

Stomach or intestinal worms, It inav be! it to all your cattle, horses and hogs. It is the greatest known help to

I ‘ successful stock raising. Pratts Animal Regulator is . '





that they have been overfed, and have;



indigestion. and there might be. a nun'merl Guaranteed or Money BaCk



(.‘t causes thh would produce unthrift: You risk nothing. If the results are unsatisfactory, you can get your



incss. p0 you give. them salt regular”? money without question from your dealer. We have sold our goods on



I‘JVGI‘N tlme )‘011 mix up middlings and quality and results since 1872. Our success has been entirely dependent

upon this high standard.





milk. you ought to put in a certain amount

Asl‘ yMIr (fan/«7‘ a/‘mu‘ m: Give Prim: A m'ma/ Regain/0r n fth/. 25 M.





 





of salt, enough so that each pig wouldt

have. a level tcaspoonful every day. I-Iogsl pm? 55,50. 1‘.va In.“ ,3,5,,141],,‘,,,1M.flges amiloo 1!). bags. [it all dealers.

ought to have salt as well as sheep ori

tattle oi horses. You can‘t keep theirl

digcstive organs in geod condition, unless

there is a certain amount: of salt in the,

fwd- .. PRATT FOOD co.,



Young pigs are, liable to contract indi—

gestion, where they have but little exer—

cise and no access to the ground. Once

in a while a little lime water is a good

thing to put into the feed. This helps to

correct acidity. or indigestion, and it is

a most excellent plan to have some char-

coal. As a matter of fact, it is annost

necessaigv. if you want to keep pigs in

good condition. so far as digestion is con—

cerned. to have some charcoal for them

to eat once in a while. You can burn

(obs. in a closed receptacle away from





, l Ask your dealer tor the table.

the air and gct‘ charcoal in this way. or ' Vl' ,

you can burn pine wood, .or any kind of Made and arranled b)





wood and make your own charcoal. And“

it ought to be fed liberally. Keep it:

where they can get. some of it every day,





and you will be surprised to see ‘how much :

WHOLESALE ONLE- DETROIT. ESTABLISHED 1880.





of it pigs will eat. But if you can't get; ‘__w

charcoal conveniently, then give them

wood ashes.





(mr pigs on the farm are kept in pcns' .

with ]o or 1‘: pigs in a pen, in the winter 1" a owa y





season. Every time I go to the farm I

carry out a good big hail of ashes. and Mm SPREADER





dump into the pen. One would think that: Thcrcalthing. A successfulm bushel Spreader with

it was 1'. better food than their corn. Now- more-than fouryearsof success behind it, only $39.50.

there is a certain amount of charcoal in 3:111]:136686362113821g?alik‘ltul'fgllii‘p’gt{Sigma 2322'?

wood ashcs which assists in keeping the! {(261261};lax-c£¥(t\izlllii'\\'aiv Eli(l{:;ll)gsslit,S'llliiii'ésotfhglyglggfi

stomach in good conditron, and then. of capacitypfitlmomamne.sprezulcrs. ltis you that gets

course, there is carbonate of lime. This iii?-E§il€lll.‘;-‘oili‘$353351?lilaiil‘s‘é’i‘iii‘v-‘iiié'hies‘ii‘iéiéi’.$3.3?

latter corrects acidity. and it is a splendid you. Eve’ypagedmybigfme bookfairly bristleswithProof

thing for young pigs. In fact, I think: i I'

once a week. young pigs ought to have1

wood ashes, even if they have pure char—

coal. The lime in the ashes touches a

Spot that nothing else which I know of,

will touch. It is a good plan in the win-

ter season to go out into the pasture oc—

casionally and get. some old sod for the

pigs. Dray up quite a lot of it. and throw

some of this dirt and sod over into the

pen quite frequently. It helps to keep

pigs in good condition.

COLON C, LILLIE.





I Pratts Bag Ointment cures sore teats and called bag. I





Let us send you our free booklet, THINGS YOU OUGHT TO KNOW

about Hones. Cows and Hogs.

Philadelphia, Pa.





NHAESS





HORSE'





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





GET THIS BIG BOOK let me quote you prices on a Galloway Spreader

- to suit the size of your farm. I’ve got the one for you. I‘ll

trust you to try it. I‘ll put it all up to you, and it you say it‘s not what you

want, I‘ll take it back and you don‘t lose one dollar by the deal. See It

work, then you know what it is. Here‘s what you will find out '

lt°s the simplest and handlest—two horses can handle

lt~spreads any kind of stuff—no breakade bills—loud

life—satisfaction all the way—it’s a money-maker

every day—it pays you bid profit on every crap

you use it. Now prove this out. Find out that you can

make this saving. i know something about the spreader bus-

iness you ought to know; let me tell you. Write me and

don't put it off till tomorrow. —W M. GALLOWAY





WM. GALLOWAY (10., 649 Galloway Sim, Waterloo, Iowa

- let Me Tell You How I Divide the Melon with You





 

 

 

 

 

 





a





 





 





Some of the farmers who? bought old

ewcsmin the past autumn for $2.50 to $31 . o l

per 0 lbs. have returned them to mar-TA n l h l (

kct after waffltl‘ing‘ them in corn fields. sma’ ’ lg t, nonse ess’ Ell-gm

andlgot 31.11;»61‘4. Other stockmen are k .t o t d

rougiing 1e old ewes through the win- m l ) bl

lcr. (Expecting a lamb from eahch ewe dur— a e l nOlse ess s tong, ura 6’

mg tie coming spring. A short time ago ‘ ‘

some fat little GT—lb. lambs were returned gaSOllne englneo

to market from a Wisconsin farm and

sold for $6..»0 per 100 lbs.. having nearly,

doubled their weight and brought $1.50 — “-— ‘—

per 100 lbs, above first cost as feeders. " "

About the same time lambs that cost at

the start $6.50 or more in the Chicago

market as feeders were returned to mar— I





 





 





. o ANK/

no WAN

no FREEZING





 

 

 





 





For Pumping Water

hot ‘and sold at the same or lower figures.

having been fattened none too well. Feed—

ing wethers that cost $4.25 in Chicago





Absolutely self-contained—you see it

have been returned to that market fat- I





a! E. picture -- can detach it from

pumping jack in five minutes to do

your other power work on farm.

Easy to start—Easy to operate

Easy to understand

\ Free Novo Engine Book upon request

Four Sizes: Novo In; 2%. 3% and 5 H. P.





HILDRETH MFG. CO.





C. E. BEMENT. Sec’y and Gen. Mgr.





toned and sold for around first cost. The

sheer) feeding industry is an extremely

imcertain one and calls for a lot of think—

lng. Feeders cost too much money last.

fall. and overproduction of mutton has?





made low prices in the markets of the'

country. |

l

l





 





Mllkers and springers have sold irregu-

larly of late in the Chicago stock yards“

_much of the time the eastern demand bc- ,

mg very poor. Lower prices for dairv i

preducts have checked the general deh— ‘

mand from dalrymen, and the eastern de-

mand has fallen off materially. Backward

springers were sold to killers, ’canner I

prices prevailing for the poorer cows 0f-





fcrcd on the market.





 





—. _ —-\ 120 Willow St. LANSING. MICH.
1180





Atrophy of Foot.——I have a young horse

that showed foot lameness some eight

weeks ago and now the hoof seems to be

caving in just below corona-1t on both sides

an.) I would like to know what had bet-

101' be done 1‘01- him. V. S., Butman,

Mich—Clip hair on? Coronet 11nd apply

cerate of cuntharides once :1 week. This

ointment will slightly blister kind will

doubtless stimulate a healthy action. If

the foot is feverish :‘ipply lanolin to wall

and Sole daily.





(12)





Chronic Founder—Spliiit.-—I have a

horse that is sore in both front feet.

caused. I imagine. by being thundered.

I also have another horse that has a

Splint on each hind shin. One of them

causes a little soreness. but the other is





all right. J. H... Sund Lake. Micli.-—-Ap-

ply one part i'cd iodide mercury and 10

ports t-erute of cunthnrides to coronet

once a week. Also apply one part red

iodide mercury 11nd ciu'hi parts hard to

splint once a week. The horse should be

given rest.



Distemper—Chronir' ("ought—I have a

young horse that had distemper seven

months :igo 11nd ever since he has been

troubled with it hacking cough. F. P.,

Milford, l\iich.—lt‘ his throat is swollen

apply equal parts spirits caniphor and

tincture iodiiic twice :1 Week. Also give

a table-spoonful tincture opium. tea—

spoonful tincture belladonna and. a tea—





spoonful of tinttuie mix thlnltfl. at a dose

in feed three times a (lay





Rickets.—[ have sir. pigs six months

old that seemed to be thriving iiiceltr un-

til a few days 11:11: now they seem to be

losing control of their legs. .I. T., Nessen

City, Mich—Keep your pigs in a dry,

warm. comfortable plaice :1111] instead of





feeding them corn, let-vi oats and oil iiieal;

also feed theiii some roots and give some

air slaked time with euch iced, 1/: a ten-

spooniul :1t :1 dose is about. right for each.

six-n11.1i'1ths-oad pig. 1



Corn llouiiti —l Would like to know .VV'llal.

can be done 1211' lily laying hens that seem

to overeat 1.11::il their crops become





 





gorged. causing the llell> great uneasiness

and diiliculti 1:1 l11't‘>;1".::2~;, 1 feed them

corn and 011.4 31 11.11 1.1 111 :1 hot V111:1.in

1110111111 's and 11'111‘11» :1 31::1101 are

also fed some opp-C r1 ial1l1age and1

they exercise s‘1t111 l tr; '1'. 1'1 say that

I Occasionally feed 1:1:2 4111.1? 11:1'1lced po-

tatoes and Other i'o‘r-s l .1a\'e given the

sick fowls caste" oi. 1111*. 111ml. -:1-.‘ but they

seem to die. W'h:1t do 1 -'1.i.'~.1 1111" to

1102’ G. 3.. “Vision; 1:. ii. T.—~V‘-Yilen-

ever I am called to tiea'. r.. '. :1 .1.»;- as

you refer to I iminediai -. ,.' ': :hel

feathers, apply a tlisiiii1~ ' '.~1'i’l-:

tic, solution to skin, 111; 11‘1'.» 1:111. .111:





remove its contents





whim-VnwiWu-m an”- .1 ..





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





 

 

 





Always same pressure whether

man or boy harnesses up. One

hand on lever tightens homes

No wear on collar.



Strong. No horse can break it. ’





instantly.

111.111 hotness.





At in union

. 2 5C or out ponipnld





   

 





'1 7' unann-

Juur 7. 1916





Wrii'e for

Circular





 





Lasts longet





Only 25c. \mir “money back if you are not satia- '





lied. Look for





3 our denier can‘ t supply you send his name and

25c for fastener postptiiti and guaranteed. i

The National Safety Snap Co. (lnc.l ’

Dept. 88





Klimz





stamped on lever If





Wllmlndion. Olllo





 





SPECIAL PRICES T0 INTRODUCE in





new neighborhoods.





dcaler’ s profits.





guaranty.

less money.

lof‘G and

MG





Save

Strong





Buy direct.

30 days’ trial.





Get Better Implements ton

‘Vrlte today for free cata-

barxain offer. D. RANKIN





0., Box 241 Turkic. Mo.





 





 





NEWTON’S HEAVE





COUCH DISTEMPER

mo u'voicrsrion CURE

The Standard Veterinary Remedy.

80 years sale. Sendf or





 





SAFE TO USE





‘ulclfl‘w





 

 





 





booklet





 





HSNOIIIGNOO 1839





 

   





Makes the horse Sound. stay sound





.11... .11.. .. .11....‘.‘.’.‘.i";.;{.‘1‘.i“.5617;115;} DEATH TO HE AVES





hydrogen tw11'e 21 div :111.l 5:. .- 1.1;:-





11ci1'l a few minutes after e;i,.'.1 :11111?: 411111..

:1, few days Inter remove the st‘. ‘11s and

the tr1wl is all right. This l advise you





to do without licsitniiiig a moment. as it

is not 11 ditiicult operition.





Obstructed 'l‘~':1t.—l have a c.1w th'it‘

just recently come fresh. whi ‘ll 1111s :1;

growth on end of one tent. iiiztkiner it

dill‘it-iilt to ii:ill-: her; one of the Olllt‘.‘

tents St'l‘dllS to be sore and l 21:11 piizzlei-

to know how it happen-ml. W'. .l. l{., liiii—t

land. Mich—You should use :1 milking-





tube when milking her, it suoultl be hoiledl

for ten minutes before it i4 use-l. 111' .lip-

ped in :1 lotion composed of one 11.1i't t‘:ll'-

‘btlllC acid and lit) of water; 1.1:..- i;-’ 11111111 to‘





prevent infecting udder. Cut off growth

:md apply boric acid to wound. :wi1e

daily.



Sluggisli Kidney Actflii—I-loi'ses ("oua'lr





——I have a brood more that does not ap—

pear to be sick. which has: plenty of ex-

ercise and is well fed. but she perspire:

some when 1'11 stnhle lilltl I would lite. to

know what to give her. Some of 1111 (‘illl—

er horses are troubled with (push. I". l1}.._

Howard City. Mi-‘li.—-Give your mate :1;

dessertspoonful of powdered iiitrute of1

potash at a dose in feed twice daily until

her kidneys act freely. 111111 (is often :1s1

You think necessary after that. Are you;

letting in sulilr-ienr t-esh air to stable?‘

Give each horse 1 d1: potvtlereti opium and





1 oz. ground lit-drive at :1 dose in feed-

three times a 11:15..

Htringlmlt—l'].\ost11si:-.~1\bout a month





ngo my threc-year-ohl filly 1'1.11111111.~11cod to

jerk up both hind legs: she shoWs it most

when first starting. 'l‘his iiiliy was thin;

most of lost veir but is now in good t'On—

ditiou She 11l<o has a hand hunch on

lower jaw and i applied tint lure of ioline





wliitli reduced it some. F_ S IIOWLIIC.

tity, l\li1l1.~tii\1 111111 till; 1 d1". eioulid1





nux vomicn at a dose lll i'eerl tiree times

a day. The jerkingr of legs could be cor—

rected perhaps by it Sill‘g‘lr"ll operuiion on





eat-i1 hind leg. but your Vet. would have

to do this work. Apply one part red

iodide of mercury 1111:] eight parts lord





two or three times a week. to buiic'ti on

jthV.



Mare Had Twins—My

tlint \v:is bred the, lilh of June. 1910. had

twin colts a fen d 11's 215411, both (lend. 11nd

I would like to know what caused her to





17—year—old. marei





have a 111iscai'iiag‘1i». She has been fed:

enough grain and fairlv good folder to;





keep her lll condition and when she lost'

her colts it scrim-.1 111 14111.41? her no pain}

\V. D. L.. South Logan. Mich '11111' innre‘

may have met with an ilt'.‘ltlt'llil however.

I am more inclined to believe that Silt’fi





   





suffers from contagious :thoz'tion 11nd

should he kert awm f1 om your other

pregnant live Ho ‘1: 1‘11 at le'ist three





W'liievvosh shill where she stood.





with one 11 1H





Weeks.

"wit ilooi

r'0 parts watti





liisleve 1 di'. permuiiza—l

note of potash :iurl {1111‘ or five parts of

clean tepid writer and wash out vagina

through 11 small rut-her tube with tin fun-





iii this paper.





nel once a day. using not less than two

quarts at :1 time. Give, her 20 drops of





carbolic acid dissolved in a pint of water

and mixed with feed once a day for 15

days. You ask if I think it advisable for

you to breed her again? If you are thor—

ough with the treatment I have suggested

and she has no vaginal discharge you

may do so.





 





The first or second 51. 00 can cures.





The third on





is guaranteed to cure or money refunded.

$1. 00 per can It dealers. or express prepaid.





THE NEWTON REMEDY CO.. Toledo.





Ohio





 





 





 





There are many superior

features in the





NAPPANEE





151113





Let us tell you about

hem.





nun“ AGENTS WANTED.

TH E N APPAN EE

LBR. 6: MFG. CO.



Nappanee, - Indiana.





 





 





FOR SALE





A CHOICE REGISTERED





“Percheron Stallion





Coming 3 years old.

Perfectly kind and sound.





Has been driven single and double.

the t‘hoicest Strains.





Bred from

Why pay $2000, for an im-





ported stallion when you our: get one 1!!“ as

well bred for one-third of the money.

(Tome and see his Sire and Dam and others bred





i11tl1e:~':11111elinc.





PARSONS 8i. BALDWIN, Walervliel, Mich.





 





collected.

first—class tit: tlllt





 





DUNHAMS’

PERGHERONS





Fourth ii1ii111r.ti.tion for 19111 arrived AiimlSl

ltli. Our pl csent lot. \ve believe. equals

or surpasses any we have heretofore

\ioi'e horses of bone. size and





.\





Dtll‘lilllt prize winners

W. 3.. J. B. (3 B. DUNHAM

Wayne, Illinois





than ever. Numerous i111-

Write for catalogue.





 





 





 





:11 rs. old last June.





like both sire and dam. in coal black pith star.





'1 _. ' . - cai‘I'olic mi] and

.1 ' .. ' 1‘ or use (my of the coal tar

disinfectants that :1:'(- it-giilarly urivt-rtised. ‘





HIGH GRADE

PEBCHEBON STALLIDN





Sired by the imported stallion

( hanc e' our and is 11. complete picture. of his sire and.





Will





sell cheap it take n in March





L ‘11 POINT"! No. mil-filling”





Be





For Sale





R. D. BIRD. R No.3





hat]

ll Phonet'





Adrian. Michigan.





—On1e reg. Black Percheron

Stalllon. coming 2 wars old.

..St Johns. Mlthigan.





block





—Two Percheron Stallions

For sale star. thirtv three monthl old. weight

NM. will make ton horses Registered inthe Percheron





80c ioty of America





J.





‘ 11" 11129.4. .1.





‘ descriptions.





I tuning in thempehes the blood of





 





0. Tedrow. Form Hill. Mich





Percheron, Belgian, 31111. and

Hackney Stallions and Mares





A: fine lot as there is in America. 3 to 4 your: old.

“ith lots of $6181”), nmjlbs good individuals. weighing





or maturing



rioes on Imported Stall! ions. $1. 000 to $1. 200.

American Bred Stalll 0113. $600 “18900. Impor-

tations to arrive Feb 18 and March lat.

LEW W. COCHRAN. Crawfordsville. Ind.





Office 109% South Washington St.

If you are want-





BELGMAN HORSE 0 ing to buy Draft.





Horses write H. H. JUMP. Munlth. Michigan.





 





 





1 Registered Kentucky Mammoth JACKS,





JENNE'I'S and SADDLE HORSES





We are the largest breeders of Mammoth lacks in

America. R tutored Tamworth and Hampshire hogs

.COOK & Co.. Lexington. Ky.





FEB. 18, 1911.





Will sell my entire flock

of registered Hampshires





nimiismii SAL





MIPSlllllESIIEEP 1:11'.:r1.:..1."11w.:g





yearling rams. Write for what you want.

0.0 . WOODBURY. Lansing. Michigan.





’ ~I have me ewes. anion them

Rel. Rambomdeu all of my youngest an best.

also 86 awe and ram lambs. Live 2% miles east of

Mon-ice on G. ’1‘. Road. AddressJ. Q. A. COOK.





maiEsqu stimulus-ms 31.11.51.121. 1.3;;





.E. Powell Robt. vaefi. Shepherd. onto. Mich.





SHRUPSHIBE HALL STDGK FARM





Him for sale, twenty- five choice bred yearling ewes.

at. :1. low price. also a few good three and four year-

old bred ewes.





l.. 8. WWW &. Sons. Concord, Michigan.





 





 





 





JACKS and MULES





Raise Mules and get. rich 13

J .11 k and Wide FIII'IDB under

one management where can

be kneen 540 head fine large

ilu‘kfi jeiinets and mules.



to 17 hands high. Good



guaranteed.

prices today.





ones. Stork

Write for

Address

Krekler‘a Jnck Farm.

WEST IiLK'I‘ON. OHIO.

Brunch Bonus, Clinton. Ind.





‘EE'TS WIMITED to sell a full line of DR.

CAMPBELL’S VETERI-



REMED We have 21 outs that. are



making $10 to $15 In Eddy. The Camp ell Cliff Vet.-

erinary Remedy 00.236 W. Pearl St... Jackson. Mich.





BREEDERS’ lllREC'I'llRY.

CATTLE.





ABERDEEN-ANGUS.





Herd (anointing of Trojan Eric Blunkbirda and

Prides. only. is headed by E erton . a. Trojan Erica.

by Block Woodluwn, sire of t. 6 Grand Cham ion steer

and bull at. the International in Chitiigo. ec. . 10.

He is anointed bx Undulntzi Blackbird Ito.



W00 DCOTE S'IOCK I ARM. lonia. Mich.





Av RSH I R Es—High ty [)9 of Unity animal.

Young bulls and bull calves

for R..le Pric cos-1 low. Inquiries solicited.

BI§RKHIIIRE SWINE.

F [Nb POULTRY-White and Barred Rocks.

White & Biitf Orpingtons Whitn W yandottes and





Leigh ()0 ach

MICHIGAN SEHOOL FORT HFDEAF Flint Mith.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





HE double standard I’ollod Durham. Wild eyed About! burn.

Milk strain. Grand ('hainpioii silver; cup winner at. l9i0

Micliignn State Fair JAE H. HALL. Port Austin. Michigan





Fok SALE—Registered Guernsey Bull two vears

old. Tuberculin tested Hired by (iden-



wood ofW11iddiugton.J. '1‘. Weeks. Napoleon Mich.

-—Bull 9 months old. some





HOLSTEIN younger. Bust; blood of the

breed. HOBART W. FAY. Eden. Inghamlkx. Mich.

FOR SAL —One of the best. bred. register-



ed Holstein bulls in Michigan.

with six ne: 1r dams with .1 record of over twenty-nix

pounds of butter per iieek. (71111 be purchased at a.





right prite. llldl‘vldllilllty 111-1 tln ne .111 pedigree About;

fourteen months old Wiite It. It McF:1ll.Adri:in \Iich.





 





 





—Young bulls of high quality and low

“olSleinS rice considering breeding. Get. our

EONG BEACH FARM. Augusta. Mich





TOP N OTCI‘I HOLSTEINS





Top Notth registered young Holstein Bulls com-

c'rms which now

hold .md have in the past. held World :1 Records for

milk and butter fat at fair prices



MCPI‘IERSON FARMS 00.. Howell, l'llch.





 





 





' —10 (road nun: ('ows. bred to

25 "OISle'n cows For sale :1 son of I‘vietertje llengei'vtilds

(foiiiit De K11. due in freshen in Fehy. 1&1 Mar in others broil

to equally as good bulls. in bull ( 1ilve.s mostly ll‘tilli A It. i).

DAMS l yearling hull sited. Admiral I’iilli W :1lker, Dani. n

daughter of Manor De Kol. 'l‘lii4 is good stuff if you wuiitsuiiie

of it. write iiiejust what. you want I. E (hunt-ll. F:1_\ette.t)l1i11





 





-Choicely bred registered Holstein Bulls

For sale ready for service also \oiinger ones.

Form neiir Willis Mich out. of Detroit; on Wabash.

Write WILLIAMB B.HAI‘ t7Il. Seuhroeze. Floridu.





E KOL Korndi'ko Bull Calf—Choicest A. R. O

breeding len did individual. mostly uhite.$7f'1.

COLEBROI HF’lISn Ypsilanti Farms Ypsilanti. Mich.





 





Holstein Friesian Cattle fi'mgfiowsx‘afiffi .





(lockerels. W. B. JONES. Oak Grove. Michigan.





 





OR SALE—Holstein Bull 2 years old $12!». Bull

Calves 6 months to 1 rear $50 to 100. Bred heifers

$150 to $200 “Oldest herd in Ind Send for Photos and





Pedigrees.W'J11c kson. 71.5 Rex St. South Bend. Ind.

—Both sexes and all ages





HEREFORD for sole. Also Poland-





(‘hina hogs. ALLEN BROS. Paw Paw. Mich





Register of Merit Jerseys. 2.3333. telli-





 





 





Iot1 nt1oungbull4 from damn with oflicinl records 1





of 483 pounds 11nd upwards of butter

’1. I. MA RSTON. Bay City. Michigan.





LILLIE FARMSTEAD JERSEYS.

“ER“ ”UllsgV'lilns Signal St. L. No. 58l97.

Jubileeu Foxhull. N0. 8“299.

Bull calves sired by these real: bulls. and out of

splendid dairy cows. many of t em in tent: for register

of merit. Also :1 few heifers and heifer calves for

sile W rite for (low ription 111111 prices. butlsfaction

1 urunteed or money refunded

COLON C.LII1I II'J. (oopersvllle. Michigan.





 





 





for-sale large rich milk produ 1311!.

Jersey cows also 4 heifers and 2 enrling l)(llllS.

egistered stock. ..J BltOW Nh. ll ulliken. Mich .





For Salo~flc§isiered Jersey Cattle, “.33???"





also lteg. 0.1.0. hogs. . A. BRISTOL. Fenton. Mich.





Jersey Bu" cal oiii Registry of Merit this

\e:ir.11ve Whit-1.1111" k as 2-)rold ires Dani's



record 0060 lbs ‘milk_ in 10% months I‘HF‘ Mill “RAY.

WA'IERMAN (7.0.. R. 6. Ann Arbor Mich Bell Phone.





Dairy Bred Slim‘tliornsT-o‘r .511?" 5‘233111’5333

good 111-1 cash .I. B HUMMEL. Mason. ch





Stillllllltllllls 111111011111 nunuiii .1....





-F()liSALE.

.D. DeGARMO Highland Michigan.





—3 young Bulls and 11 few

SCOtClI Sllorllml'ns cows and heifers for sale

JOHN LESBITER‘S SONS. R. No. 1. Clarketon. Mich.





born April 10. 1910 Dam will





 





1F0R SALE— Fall Piq‘s





H008.





—Growt1hy S tin Boats & Gilta

lllli'ocs ‘I Vichri‘s of choicest breeding from Prize

Winners. M. T STORY 8.. 248. Lowell. Michigan.





HUPP FARM BERKSHIRES!

WON 189 PRIZES IN 1909.



Stock of both sexes and all ages for sale. Breeders of



Guernsey Catt. lo M. B. Turkeys. Barred Rock Chick-



ens Pekin Ducks. GEORGE C. H UPP Manager.



Drawer A. Birmingham. Michigan





' —Two yonrlin ROWE bred f

BerkSllll'eS fin-Row in fife wchoioe fill :péllllg

& boar pigs for 11111115111111... Deckerville. Mich.

BERKSHIRES Unexceiled in breeding. Select.-



. ed boars. sows and tits. Choice

fall [1133. T. V. HICKS. R. No.11 Battle reek. Michx





 





 





 





 





DAMS BROS. Litclifield. Mich. breeders of Imp Chester

white Ind ‘l‘nmworth swine. service boars. sows tired or

open. of eithei bleed Sllortliorn Cattle Buff Rock Buff Wynn-

dottc. W. Orpingtnn, Ckls. all breeding stock leading winners.





1)UIiOC-JERSE(: SWINE and HOLSTEIN FRIES-

IAN CA ‘LF‘R Ono! mat and one sow vet for

Sillt‘. E. R. E.LL Howell. Michigan.





 





 





Ulit )(l BlthD G [UPS for sale. extra good ones also

one lie . Holstein Cow 4 yrs. old and 1 heifer calf

4 mos. old. . A. BRAY. Okemoa. (Ingham Co.) Mich.





DUROC-JERSEYS‘EYWERE l3?-

aale. CAREY U. EDMONDS. Hastings. Michigan.

DUROCJERSFY S ll h d

calliml Harm One last Spring 11131213113213 39:1.

1910 (nits forsalo J. H. Banghurt. it?) .Lnnsing.Mich.





DURocs—Z‘l Bred Sows. of hi h utility. 10



Excellent Bears reu y 601' service.

75 Full Pigs both sex. Write or corn and see

J. 0. BA RNEY. COLDWATER. MICHIGAN





MPROVED CHESTERS—Young boars ready for

service. orders taken for sows bred for spring far-

row. Also Holstein Bull Calves of the best. of breed

tug. W' 0. WILSON. Okemoa. Mith. Both Phones.





0 I C! —Hogs all ages for sale. sows bred



S or open. hours an or size.

Shipped on approval. HARRY ’1‘.yCfiANDELL

Roi ing View Stock Farm. CASS CI 1 Y. MICHIGAN.





O l CH Ho Sal! nqes Sows bred.

S'Unles wei hing1961bs.

and more .JUll .‘lluntth Mic igztn.

' ——Spring. Summer l' fall farrowed

0. I C. Swme both sexes breeding and ty 9

right Geo. P. Andrews. Dansvilie Iiigiium 00.. Mic

9 —An extra good lot of last.

0. l C S FOR SAL spring pigs. either sex.

ueighing from 151.) to 300lbs. 1 \e1irlin boar and

fall pigs. OTTO B. SCHULZE. Naehvil e. Mich.





0. I. C. Early Fall Pigs E?.l”1‘;li‘駔:.9§.lle4





C. J. THOMPSON Rockford.Mlcl1igan.





——I“or a no w



0. I. C. SWIN E fall Pia’legot,’ by



Grand Son of Jackson Chief the W’orld’ s umpion



and Grand Champion 0. 1. Boar. Write for live

let. live prices on airs not: akin.



A. J. CORD 3N. R. No. 2.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Don. Michigan.





and Bred Gills





. Sheridan. Michigan.





GREAT POLAND-CHINA HOG SALE.

JANUARY 20111.





60 mils bred for spring furrow. If you want the bent.

attend my sale 1111 I have the best. in the state.





WM. WAFFLE, Goldwater, Michigan.





 





..M WING tic Si





 





 





9 —the Billr Poliind- Chinzis

Butler s Famous Wonders .1.... 1......- 3...... '11...

grow big. because they have been bred big for



y.ears Some great Aug.. Sept: Ott plg‘3. good

enough for any breeder. cheap enough ioi min f.- irmer.

J. (. BU'ILER. Portland. Mith. Bell Phone.





RECORDED MULE FOOTED HOGS





are said to be immune from ho cholera Stock of all

ages for sale. John H. Dunlap ox M.Wlllinn1.4port1.().





0 I C SWINE-Bonn all 311111.20 )oung nous

bred for spring furrow. for Halo.

.E. BEACH & SON R. No It Brighton. Michigan.





 





0. l. c -—(‘-hoice Brod Sous Bonrs I'(‘.’l(‘l\ for nerviie

u and f1ill pigs. From World' H Fair Winners.

Glenn nod Shot k Farm, Zoelzind. M lt’lllgdll. Phone 94.





Bred sows nil sold 1 June hour left.

0- II c- A few full Ag'Jgsleither 4ex. Hutisliictio-ii

guaranteed. A NEWM lMarlette. Michigan.





 





 





retidv for serv l( e sired hi .1 Son of th

12 P10. Boats W'orld a Champion Meddler: dam. on?





defeated Lad.) Louise Z. Kiuue. 'lhree Oaks. Mie.h





 





ULAND- CHINAS— Large styled Gilts and older

sows bred. Bonrs ready or use.:1|-.o i'itll Pigs.





Prioes low. ROBERT NEVE. Pierson. Michigan.





POLAND-CHINAS 53:31. ”43?: 1‘1'.i”‘1".'.'..'i‘f.§i





W Barnes & Sou. Biron. bllltlllllsfl'fi Co.





 





\ (lllIIg

W iito

\lich





bred to Expansion.





P. C. SOWS Bigtiliies Sand for





price list. WOOD & SONS. Saline. Michigan.





 





O‘LAND CHIIXAtN-rSolws' of l‘1ig t1pe.Glltls bred

or during ew 1 mice mars and fal l

E. 1). RI HOP. Route 3.1K Lake (Mensa. Mlchigng;





lARGE TYPE P. C. ‘i‘:‘§§“‘i?§.l“:“l§§‘lf“fis 183135



lbs —the herd without. an e91 111 . combinin size



and qualih. W. E. LIVINGbTON. Purina. ich.

—Sl d i th l.



PI cl sow eve: in):thi:pa‘:tggftl\lllghf





igan. Bred to a son of a Wa/nrld' 5 Fair Cham ion.

Satisfaction guaranteed. RW .Milla. Saline. mMich.





 





 





 





SHEEP.





 





Oxford-Down Shoo “LESS“

cattle fornale. A. D &J A D! GAR O. Muir. Mich.





 





Oxford Down Slit-cg 139:3..K1°253;§:13l°‘..£





forsnle. I. R. WATERB RY Highland Michigan.





 





[ILLIE FARMS'I'EAB YORKSIIIES.





The great: medium bacon type. The hog that. wins

on sheet merit. Large. vigorous. rollfic Giltsbred

for arch or ApIrll furrow. pigs. either sex.

Pairs not akin. Igmmnte . e'satisfaction. or money

refunded COLON LILLIE. Coopersville. Mich.





PLEASE MENTION THE MICHIGAN FARMEB

when you are writing to advertisers.
11.."





 





 





FEB. 18, 1911.





Wbaf is

iourBesr/iorse *

Wort/7 r0 You?





Yetyout best horse is just as liable

to develop a. Spavin, Ringbone. Splint,

Curb or Lameness as your poorest.

These ailments cannot be prevented

but they can be quickly and entirely

cured it you always have on hand

a bottle of the old reliable





Kendall’s





. Spavin Cure





For over 40 years this wonderful remedy

has been constantly proving its efflcienc

and value to horse owners everywhere. t

has saved millions of dollars in horseflesh

and untold time, work and worry.



The experience of Mr. H. R. Davis, of.

Madras, Oregon is merely typical of thou~

sands. He says—





“I have used your Spavin Cure for over

fourteen years and could not get along





without it. I have cured Spavins, Splints,

Curb, etc. I always keep it on hand.”



And Mr. Oscar Masters of Peppers, N. O

writes—



"I have been using your Spavin Cure for

several years and it certainly is the world’s

greatest liniment."



Don’t take chances with your horses.

Have a bottle or two of Kendall‘s Spavln

Cure always on hand—it is a sure cure.

Price 81.00 per bottle or 6 bottles for 85.00.

Get our valuable Book “Treatise on the

Borse”—Free at your druggist or write

direct to us.





Dr. B. J. Kendall 00.,





Encobm'x Falls. Vermont. U. 8. A.





 





 





   

 

 





. 0 IllEBESTlN‘lHEWORLp;

Prussran .y ._

lStock Tonic





A Perfect (‘onditionen

\ssuros llellltlly hor-

wslmcnttle :lud hogs

stimulates "digestion ' and

nutrition. giving the animal

all the value from teed con-

sumed; prevents disease;

‘ saves teed. time and money. '



PRUSSIAN STOCK TONIC

has more medicinal value than any other Stock Tonic

made. Atrial will prove it.- RESULTS and all PRUS-

SIQN REMEDIES GUARANTEED. At dealers or

wrl e us,





 





   

 

   

 

   

 





 

   

 





 

   

   

 

   

 





ST. P . .

ff Anew, beautifully illustrated book upon cattle, hogs,

poultry; other valuable information. free upon request.





Lump-JA





   

 





 

 





 





 





 





positively cured in less than

three weeks with one

applicalon ot—





ADAMS





Rapld LUMP-JAW Gure

Easy method, little expense no pain or

scars. Written guaran toe wit 1 each bottle.

REMOV—ALL—“Beats’Em All"f0r Sprains,

Curb, Bog Spavin, ail lameness. Sold on

money-back guaranty. Free—Treatiseon

curing animal diseases. Write for copy

today. H. c. ADAMS MFG. CO.

Dept. 39 . Algona. Iowa.





Chic'K‘fi’o Ssc°iilFé°°Co.





   

 





 

 

   

 

   

   

   

   

   





 





 





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





Partial Loss of Power.-—Five-monihs-

old pig, raised mostly on sweet milk, has

lost the use of hind legs. E. B. ’1‘., Belle-

ville, Mil:li.--1“00d him oats, oil meal.

skim-milk, and add some air sluked lime

to each feed. See treatment for similar

ailment in this column.



Feeding Too Much Corn—A few of my

five-months—old pigs seem to be losing the

use of their hind legs; they are fed plenty

of corn and have a good dry pen to sleep

in. G. M., lulpcel', Mich—Feed no more

corn but give them plenty of oats, some

oil meal and roots; also give each one a

half tellspOonful of air sluked lime in feed

twice a day. Apply one part aqua 21m-

monia, one part turpentine and four parts

raw linseed oil to back daily.



Spasm of Larynx~1ntlig‘cslion—Mange.

—I bought a number of pigs lately that

seemed to be in a stunted condition. when

commencing to eat they often choke and

cough as though in great distress, and

some of my other hogs are troubled with

pin worms. I also hzlve a heifer whose

huir seems to be dropping off in patches,

but, she has no lice. A. 1)., Elsworth,

Mich—Feed your hogs wurm food and

give them some powdcrcd ('(llll'lt'l‘us and

salt in their food, 10 grs, oi‘ coppcrzls and

20 grs. of salt is perhaps the right

amount for each pig at u dose. and this

medicine should be given twice 21 day.

Apply iodine ointment to lliil'C patches on

heifer three times a week.



Nervousnoss. I have u l‘.’-yc:1r~old

more that continually shifts from one

hind leg; to the other; also shows :1 little

lumencss ill one fore log. 1 have thought

she was louder in back. Our local Vet.





 





 





prcscribod kidney nlodicincs for her, but

she seems to be growingr worse. \V. M.,

\\'ayland, Mich. Hive llcr 2 drs. citrate

potash and :1 dr. ground nu}: \'lllTll(‘Ll at

a dose two or three times :1 day. Apply

equzll ports spirits czlnlphor and alcohol





to buck and lore shouldcrs once a day.

Chronic Cough—“I llnvc up, «fight-your-





old horse ill 1'2lirly Solid condilion, eats

well and SL'OhlS to fccl wlsll, lull every

n’lorning he has :1 coughing spelt which

lusts for some limo. 1111 shows no symp—

toms: of hooves. W. l". .13.. Ann Arbor,

l\li1-h.—l am inclined to bl-lievc that your

horse has solnc irrilulion of llll‘tml, calls-





ing him to cough. Apply onc purl lurpcn-

11110. one port llquzl ammonia and Six

parts olive oil to throat, once a. duy and

givc CL dcsscrlspoonful tincture of opl—

um. 21 lcaspooul'm ot‘ Iluid extract of

bcllndunnu 21nd one. ouum: of powdered

licmicc :11 £1 dose in i‘ccd two or three

thncs a. day.

lnlllllnlnulory





lellmalisul.-«1 have a.





hog [11:11 is fat enough in :scli to butcher

liult Sé'lllllS to be hilllo :Ind Flilil‘l‘s some.





ruin. and for the past few days it ul’l‘cl-t-

1d his llppclilc. 'l‘lo you consider him fit

for i‘ood',’ J. V. 11.. 1\l:1nlll;l. 1\lich.~YOur

hog suffers from rheumatism 11nd I know

of no rcason wily his call-cuss would not

llc lit for food, and. 1111 thing’s considered.

it would pcrhups be best to slaughter

him; however, if you want to ll'('lll him

give 13 gr, doses of salcyiulc of soda.

lhrco or four times u day. Also give 15





gr. doses of powdered nitrate of potash

night and morning.





lilczonulw—l’arti211 Loss of Power of Hind

t3uarlcrs.»—I have a two—ycur—old coll that

sull‘crs from .‘lll itchy, Scurvy condition of

skin: he is losing considerable hair und

inclined to rub his tail. 1' also hnvc :1

hot: that I am fatteninfr. which appears

to he losing control of his hind quarters.





J. B. .11., \Vl’lile Cloud. Mich—Your colt

should be groomed well twice :1 day and

apply one port bichloride mercury and





1.000 ports tepid walcr lo itchy ports ai—

lcr grooming him. Also apply some vasc-

linc Occasionally. Now, l‘c:.;';1rdinsr your

hog, if he is fleshy enough to butcher I

advise you to market him. Feed him 21

teaspoonful of air slukcd lime :1t ll dose

in feed three times a day and discon—

tinue feeding corn. and in its pluce feed

oats and oil meal. Kindly understand

starchy, fat-producing food is the wrong

kind to food a hog suffering from loss of

power. Your hog should be kept dry and

warm.



Indigestion—My six-ycnr-old more is

out of condition; she, is driven daily,

traveling 15 or 20 miles 11 day. is inclined

to bite herself, but has no sores on body.

“T. J. 8.. Deurhorn, Mich—First of all,

give your mare 6 drs. ofillocs. 1A. dr. cul—

omel. 1/2 dr. ground nux vomica and ‘3 drs.

of ground ginger made into a bolus and

5.le0)) {it one dose. This will pllrg'c hcr.

Also give 2 tzlblespoonfuls of the following





compound powder at a dose in feed three

times a day:

chona, quassia, fenugreck. bicarbonate, of

soda. and charcoal; equal parts by weight



and mix thoroughly.

Indigestion—lVor-ms.—My eirrht-monlhs—

old colt is not thriving and lo passes :1

few worms. I also have two yearling

sheep that are not growing and are (lililc

thin. F. 111.. Hemlock, Mil-ir—lllcrcasn'

your colt's g‘rllin ration, groom him \vcll‘

twicc a. day and give him a tablespoonful

of ground gcniizln. a inhiespooni‘ul of

ginger and 21 dessertspoonful of salt Ht :1

dose in food two or lhrce times a div.

Give your lambs each 21 leaspoonful of the

following compound powder: Powdered

red cinchonu. gcnlian. ginucr. bicarbonate

soda charcoal and salt, mixed thorough—

1.\'. clluul parts by wciuhl. :

llurd, Contracted Hooi‘s.~~Two months

ago I bought 21 horse that seems to have

hard contracted hoofs and he travels as}

it’ it little sore. J. \V. 13., l-leulzlh, Mil:h.-—i

Stand your horse with i'orc fccl ill lcpid

water one hour a day and apply lanolinl

(wool fat) to hoofs twice at day. ‘

l'ill'lllll Pul‘ulysis.«~1 have {1 horse lhatl

scclns to be partially paralyzed, nllhoug‘h

he is some beltcr he does not: lravcl right

and has rllther poor usc 01" his hind quar-

lcrs. \V. N_ 1)., 1\'Iorgan. 1\lich.-ll‘irst of

fill, your horse should be fwd plenty of

Mull mashcs or roots to kecp his bowelsf1

(-lli'll; besides. give. him 1._. oz. dost-1s (if!

lluid cxlruct of bllchll once or lwicc u}

duy lo kccp lhc liltlllcyH :1clivc. Air-'1) give:

1 dr. ground nux vomica at :1, dose in fccd;

lllroo or four times at day. This lr-i glycol

lo slimuialc lhc spinal cord. [

l





(‘ow Leaks Milk.w(.‘un you give me a

rcmcdy for a cow lh:11 lord-:3 lnilk‘.‘ This:

1-(:\\' lo:<cs about onc-hull‘ ol‘ lhc milk silo





pl'oduccs. A. S. Luwrcnce, Ailt'lix—l‘lliil-

or milk her lhrcc llmcs a day or clse use:

lull piuus‘. 'l‘he i.:l\\’i'('ll(‘c Publishing (‘1).

can supply you from this ollicc, l



1.1.11511111‘SS (11‘ lill\\'l,'l.\'.~—1\ cow recently"

caloc ’l'rcsh that kccps zillouclhcl' ill'l loose

in lhe bowels. A. G. 11.. .ltcuding, Mich——

(livc her two Itll'JlCSplNllll'lllS of the fol-~

lowing compound powdcl‘ :1'1 11 d usc in

i'ccd lhrcc limos ll doy: Powdcrcd sul-

phaic iron, powdcrl-d crllcchu, prcpdretl

chalk and ground ulnu‘cl' ctlual purls by

\vciulll dud mix thoroughly.



Alidily ol' Slolnzlchsnlly cows seem to

bc l'ond of chcu‘ing wood and rubbish. al—

lhllilé—tll lhcy zlrc wcll i’cd. 1']. P. .~\.. Hud—





 





sonvillc. Mich. Hull your 1‘11\'.':< well and

civc liun. cut-h lwo lublcspoonfuls of hi-





c:1l'bon:1lc 81-1121 and four labicspooni‘ulu of

powda-rwd wood clnlrcolll a1 .1 dose ill l'l-‘cd

two or lhl'cc limos 11 day.



lnllul'nluulion ol' '|‘hl'c:ll.——-l have :1 two—

ycur—old hcil'cr lhut hue u lurgc swcllinc;

undcl- hor ,illws lhzli; seems to conic :1nd

lluvc uppiicd while lllllll’li'ill. whiclr

l lwlicu- hclps lo rcducc the sv.’cl.in;::. but .

111d l'olllltvl- ll. U, l“. 11..

Micll.—~—~.\pply cduzll ports tincture iodine

mud spirits of cumphor once or twice :1





L:llf





till' 5‘





day and give 2 drs. iodide polllssium at

:1 dow ill i'ccd two or tlll‘cc times :1 duy.‘

it is possible lhdt the bunch contains a





walcry iluid or pus. and it" so ll should be

opcncd.



llllllg‘I‘SllOIl.—~IiNYE" at young cow that is

with calf, that cllme fresh 111st August,

but has a poor appetite and is giving: only

two quarts of llzllk a day. She is also

stiff :lnd very much out 111‘ cl'lndillou. .l.





11., Saginaw. Mich—1lisconlinuc milkingr

llcl‘ and give her 2 lzllnllsp‘mlll'llls (if

mound genlizln, u tellstpooul'ul ol ground

nux vomit-a. a tl'lblcspoonl'ul o.“ bicur-

‘llonzll‘c soda 21nd .‘l lzllalc.~'poollt'1lls ol‘ pow-

(ll'l‘i'll chart-on] :11 Li lll'lfit‘ in loud or us :1





dl'cnch in a quart of lcpid wzllcl' lllrce

llllll‘h’ :1 day.

\Ylll‘l (In 'l‘l'fll. «l

llcii‘cr lllul will Hilllw

hats :1. large hurd. St'ill‘l—lilil- substance on

lczll. which 1 would like lo huvc rcnlovcd.





A. ll. Grand Rapids. Mich, I :llll incllucd





ll{l\l' u two-your-old

flush in ,‘\pri.'. that





to believe tho! it is :1 sort ol‘ wort grow—

1117»? on 111111 11nd you had lu-llm- :lpply

vinegar once :1 day.



I’cl'iodic (lllllllifllllilflu 'l‘wo rocks zlgo

onc 111‘ my shoep with blind 11nd some

lilnc lulcr three more losl the sight of

(Inc cyc cuch llnd l would likc to know





how to trcfll tllcln. .I. [1). S. liowcll. Mich.

Your sl'lccp slli'l'cr from inl‘cclious ophthal—

llllil 11nd you will olduiu ll’lll'ly good re—

sults by blowingr 11 Fillilll ulnlnlily of col—





 





omcl into (‘fVl‘S lhol zll'c discuscd, oncc a

(12l_\'. They should llc fwd roots. and

Clover hay. but not much u‘lzlin while the

(')'l‘.\‘ al'c sol-c; lu-sidcs‘. lhcf‘.‘ “llolllvl 1w

kept in :1 dork plucc. us u 1.112111 light

:Ilwuys il‘l'llillt‘S 11 sore, lnlilllmd cyo. ;.





Ground gentian. ginger. cin-.





Allcu'un, "





 





 





(13)





81





a \\\\ -

/‘\\‘5\\\\“‘:\





\6‘§‘





 





\

\ .

a‘ a)

.0

l‘\‘\“lll‘\‘ f

1 l 1

'l





A Good

Healthy

00w





Is worth more—you lmow it—than any other



kind of cow. The cow that Kow—Kure will

not help had better be sold to the butcher.

Thatis a strongstalement, but it is backed by

the endorsements of tens of thousands of

Kow-Kure customers—men who have been



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makes money for them by keeping their

cows in top-notch condition every month

in the year.





send for FREE “Cow

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\Ve never issued a more complete

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from cows can be increased by curing

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If you cannot buy Kow-Kure from your

dealer. send direct. > Kow-Kure is en-

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—men you know. Write for the



Booklet now.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





HAIRY 111 f MI “.92,” .‘

f Assucliuloll 1:11., l'fll fws‘ . l;

‘ MFRS., . 1.!" "a! KUR 'fl

ltllnouwur. ll 1' m. l

VERMDNI. ill ‘* E

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if less.



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As a HUMAN RELIEDY for Rheu-

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Every bottle of (‘uustlc Balsam sold is

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THE LAWRENCE-WILLIAMS COMPANY, Cleveland, Ohio.





 





 





 





 





Much Less Than You Thou





F or- Your Next Wagon





The amount of money you will save depends on the size and style of th





and sell more farm wagons than any one else, have the largest factor hold the hiohest re )-

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To farmers and users of"()ld Hickory” and "Tenucsse " ' ‘

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We will seuua signed legail bimil' , ~ . -~

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glrl
1.82 (14)

The Michigan Farmer





BSTABLIS ED 1 843.





THE LAWRENCE UBLISIIING’ (20.,

EDITORS AND PROPRIB‘I‘ORS.

39 to 45 Canal-m Street West. Detroit. Item





TELEPHONE MAIN $25.





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M J.LAWRENCE..................... . ...President.





 





 





 

 





 





MI L. LAWRENCE.... .....I'vicerrestdent

E. II. HOUGH'I‘UN ........................... Sec—Trees.

1.1L WATERBURY ............ .



o. 1:. mono. ............. . Amine

BURT WEItMU’l‘H ......... . . Editors.



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DETROIT, FEB. l8. [9”2





ll:





 





 





 





 





 





 





CURRENT COMMENT.





 





, At this writing the bill



Reciprocity and drawn for the purpose

the Farmer. of pulling into effcct the

Canadian reciprocity a-



greement has been favorably reported to

the [louse by the committee 0:. Ways and

Means, and is being considered ‘by the

House acting as a. committee of tho whulo,

In the meantime the administration is

conducting an active caiilpuigzi for the

creation of public sentiment i‘uvoruliic to

the measure. Prcsidcut Tull npcucd this





campaign in person 1:1“: vrcr-k in :i speech

at the National (,‘Jl'll l‘iXI’lllxlilili in (:‘ol-

umbux, followcd by a talk to tho llliuois

Legislature in si-ssiui fit Spriugtlchl,





whilc various memhcrs of his cabinet are

Scheduled for spaceihes in (lii'l‘crcut sec.—

tious of the country this week in which

the administration's reasons for putting

the agrcemcnt with ("anudzi into effect

will be advuuccd.



In his address at Columbus, President

Taft sought to quiet the opposition of the

farmers of the country by advancing the

argument that they would not be in-

jured, but mthcr heuciilcd by this; ugrcc-

ment. In part he said:



“\’\'c havc with lliillllfl‘l' cnergv pushwl

on to the Pacific and trilccn up all 'tho

good land. We are now spending millions

to rccluim the arid and semi-arid lands of

the great wcstcru dcsci‘l. Should wc not

by taking down a useless and unnecessary

tariff wall, bring within our agricultural

resources ihc great plains of the north-

west when they can bring to us what we

need and that without hurting any of our

own people?"



Speaking of the policy of protection

which is involvedin this consideration he

said:



“For a long time the policy had little

or no limitation. It was thought that

tariffs on proicctcd products could not be

too high, that if ull foreign products were

excluded, competition would stimulate

production and rcduce its cost, and its

price. The temptation to dcslroy compo—

tition by combinations bccuxnc so grout,

howcvor, that the party in its platform

modified its policy and lmposcddlic lum-

tatiou that. thc tariff should bc liinitcd for

purposes of protr-ctiou to the (hffcrenee

between the cost of production In this

country and the cost of production nhroaul

with an allowance for a reasonable profit

for the American producer.



“The principle of protection thus stated

takes away the justification for any tar—

iff whatever. by way of protection on

articles imported from a country where

the conditions as to labor and other cxr—

cumstances are the same as in ours and

thus makes the cost of production sub-

stantially the same.



“Canada. is our neighbor on the north





THE .MlCHléAN .FARMER.





for.3,000 miles; Her population is Eng-

lish, Scotch ‘and French. Her soil is like

ours. Her traditions are the same as’

ours. Her language is ours. Her climate

is temperate like ours, except that her

growing seasons are shorter and she can-

not raise corn in any great quantities.

She has a. free popular government with

a wage-earning class as intelligent and

as well paid as ours. It is difficult to see

in what respect that her farmers have

any advantage over our own except _a

virgin soil in the far northwest.”





Freely admitting that the farmers of

the country constitute the greatest

wealth—producing class of the country and

that it is of the greatest importance to

conservc their welfare, and that, there-

fore “anyone Who would initiate a. policy

to injure the farmer has much to answer

for at the bar of public opinion," Presi—

dent Taft continued:



“The greatest reason for adopting this

agreement is the fact that it is going to

unite two countries with kindred people

and lying together across a wide conti-

nent, in a commerciazl and social union to

the great advantage of both.



"The total production of corn in the

United States in 1910 was 3,125,713,000

bushels, of which we exported 44,072,209

and used the rest in domestic consump—

tion, chiefly in raising cattle and hogs,

of which in live cattle and packing house.

products we exported in value $135,985.—

212. The Canadian product of corn was

18.726,000 bushels, or six—tenths of 1_per

cent of the total production of the United

States. “'e exported 6,000,000 bushels to

(Janadav-the American former is corn

king Rcciprocity will greatly help him

by increasing his supply of young and

thin cuttle, now very scarce, for feeding

with his corn and making good beef.



”But it. is said that the farm land of

Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Iowa. Wisconsin

and other states is much more valuable

than the land in Manitoba, Saskatche-

wun, Assinlboia and Alberta, .the four

grcat northwestern provinces of Canada,

and that to give Canadian farmers free

cutry of products raised on cheaper lands

will he rcrtnin to lower farm lands in

\‘iiluc in this country. Nothing could be

further from the facts.



“The (‘anudiau lands are farther re-

ninvea front file Minneapolis and Chicago

markets than the lands of Minnesota,

\\"i:4L-onsiu. Iowa or Illinois. Then, too,

the nutuml change in farming in this

country i.» from the raising of gram .tor

l-xport lo llii,‘ raising of grain for farming

consumption and development of the sec-

ondary products in the form of cattle and

lugs. Tho live cattle are bought and fat-

lt-ned, 'i‘he hogs are raised and fed. It

in farming of this kind that explains the

high vuiue of farm lunds in Illinois and

lawn. _



“if the argument as to the disastrous

effort of admitting the crops of the Can-

adian northwest to our markets on the

values of our farm land is correct, then

the opening of hands in Kansas, Nebraska

and the two Iimkotus in the. two decades

from 18.00 to 1910 should have had a Sim-

ilur effect on the land of the older states.

Now. what was the fact? The land in the

older states bccume more devoted to corn

and cattle and hogs, while the wheat and

other ccrcals were left to the new lands.

‘l‘he cfi‘cct was that the values of the

land of the older farming states were 1n

most cases more than doubled. '



“’l‘hc difference in the value of the

acre lwtwccn Manitoba and. Minnesota. is

but little more than $8. while the. differ-

i'urc lictwccu lVlinneSOta and VVisl‘Ongin

is $6; between Wisconsin and Illmoxs $12;

bctwecn Wisconsin and dowu 340; be—

tween Michigan and Indiana. $31. 'lhe

figures Slit‘HV incontestably that the fear

of a reduction in farm land values of this

t'uiillll‘y by lotting in Canadas products

is wholly unfounded."



'It is impossible to doubt Presxdent

'I‘ul‘i‘s sinccrity in negotiating this agree-

ment or in urging its adoption. Undoubt-

uiiy he believes it to be for the best in-

terests of the country at large, and is

just as sincere in the opinion that it

would not prove detrimental to the inter-

ests of the farmers of the country, the

i-oxiscrvution of which he admits to be of

gloat importance. But is it not posmble

that, notwitluxtauding his broad public ex—

pvrioucc and undoubted ability as a

i'izllt‘Hllliln, he may have overlooked some

phzuws of this problem insofar as it con-

coriis the farmer, or made erroneous de~

auctions from statistics upon which he

has based his conclusions and arguments?

Such a result would surely not be impos-

sible, and possibly not unnatural in one

who has not iwon in close touch with this

iiupm'lhut imlustry, nor viewed its lH‘Ob‘

lums from the personal standpoint of those

cugugcd in it, and this possibility appears

sufficient to warrant an analysis of this

Proposition in which there is such a Wide

divcrgeuco of honest opinion, as illumi-

nated by President Taft’s statements.



In this speech President Taft touched

briefly upon some points which we believe

have a. most important bearing on the

relation of this government to the welfare

of the farmer. He stated that the ship-

ment of Canadian wheat to the mills and

elevators of the United States would not

materially effect the price of American

wheat, which is fixed by the world price

which is made in Liverpool, on our ex-

portable surplus. It is true that, except

for a brief period in the spring of 1909,

the price of our wheat has been fixed. by

the world price. At that time it will be





remembered, that we had} no expel-table

surplus, and our home demand forced the.

domestic price up to a. point which was

higher rthan the world price, an economic

effect which was by many wholly ascribed

to the operations of far-sighted specu-

lators. In fact, until very recently, the

price received by our farmers for prac-

tically all of their staple products has

been the world price, less the cost of

transportation 'to market centers, where

the world price is fixed, since we have

had an exportable Surplus or nearly every

product which they have grown, and not-

withstanding the theoretical protection

which they have been granted in our tar-

iff schedules, it has only been in very

recent years that this protection has in

fact benefited them to any considerable

extent. It is true that some of our most

important products, such as corn which

was mentioned as an example by Presi-

dent Taft in his Columbus speech, would

not be affected by this agreement, as we

will continue to have a. large exportable

surplus, tariff or no tariff. But one after

another of our agricultural products have

failed to Show an export-able surplus in

recent years and the. natural consequence

has been an increase in the domestic

price for them above the world price

level, amounting to all or part of the

tariff premium. This has, upon various

occasions, occurred with beans, potatoes,

beef, mutton. dairy products and poultry

and poultry products, all of which are

staple Michigan products, and with oth-

ers in only lesser degree, such as buy,

barley, etc. The one productupon Which

a degree of protection has been enjoyed





by our farmers for a continued period.





has been wool, and even this protection

hus been minimized by the skirting clause

in the wool schedule which is a. distinct

concession to the manufacturer at the

expense of the producer. But now it ap-

pcars that we have reached a stage in

our er-onomic development, when many of

the products of our farms ,will command

a. price which will include a portion of

the tariff premium addcd to the world

pricc, if the established policy of general

proter'tion is continued. As a. consequence

an insistent demand for a lowcring of the

cost of living has been heard in the land,

a cry which has been heeded by the

President, with the pending agreement as

the result.





Let us, then, first attempt to analyze

the past and possible futm‘e result of this

policy upon our agriculture. The protec-

tion which has only begun to benefit our

farmers has been enjoyed by other classes

of produccrs for many years, with the

result that the labor employed in other

walks of life has been better paid and the

capital invested in other lines of produc-

tion has yielded a. larger net return than

that invested in farm land and equip—

mcnt. The natural and inevitable result

has bccu the cityward trond of our popu-

lation which has alarmed our statesmen

and gave birth to the “back to the land"

movcmeut, by which it has been attempt-





cd to keep more people on the farms by,





moral suasion, when economic conditions

were pulling them the other way. Need-

less to say. this movement has not been

productive of rcsults (IS Shown by the

census figures recently made public, nor

will it be successful until reinforced by

the operation of well defined economic

law.



7 Prcsidcnt Taft implied in the spcech

flabovc quoted that owing to the growth of

trusts and combinations, competition 1had

failed to keep prices down to :1 lovcl

which reprosents only the difforcncc of

cost of production plus a reasonnhlo profit

to the manufacturer, which is: give-n as a.

reason for a. limitation of the policy of

protection. He might well have gone

further and told us why the moat produc-

ing animals should be placed in the un—

protccted list, and fresh and canncd

meats, which are the finished products of

the beef trust, which the government is

fighting, should still be protcctcd; w‘hy

wheat should be admitted free and a duty

be retained on flour; why rough lumber

should be furnished our muuufm-turcrs

free, and a tariff premium levied on the

purchaser of the manufactured product.

As a. matter of fact. agriculture is the

one industry in which there is and must

remain absolutely unrestricted competi~

tion. In agricultural commodities com-

petition will llmiit the price to the cost of

production plus a very reasonable profit

to the producer. for many. many years

to come in this country. which has not

yet appreciated its agricultural possibil-

ities, to say nothing of reaching their

limit.



Regarding land values,'vthere is room

for warranted difference of opinion with





President Taft as lathe cause of the ap-

parent gront'variation. Nature has been

prodigalzin‘ her gifts of alfnost inexhaust—

ible soil fertility to favored sections of

our country, such as the prairie lands of

Illinois, Iowa and other sections men,-

tioned by President Taft, and it is an ap-

preciation of that fact by our farmers,

rather than their proximity to our mar-

ket centers, which has raised their value

above the values which prevail in those

sections where nature was more provi-

dent of her virgin resources. She has as

well been prodigal of her gifts of soil ter-

tility in the provinces of the great north-

west, and President Taft has well ex-

cepted the fertility of a virgin soil in his

comparison of the advantages enjoyed

by Canadian and American farmers in





the production of commodities in which





they would compete On an even basis in our

markets if this argument were adopted.

But perhaps the greatest consideration

of all has not been touched upon. The

farmers of the country easily represent

half of the purchasing power of the coun-

try, a power which has increased to the

great benefit of our manufacturers in re-

cent years, owing to the decline in our

exportable surplus of foodstuffs. If, by

the addition of the agricultural resources

of Canada to our own, .these conditions

are changed; if, as suggested by President

Taft, our farmers are compelled by com-4

petition to limit their production to sec-

ondary products, thus breaking up eco-

nomic crop rotations which make for soil

conservation, and as a consequence find

themselves working harder and remaining

poorer than other classes of producers

with a similar investment of capital and

labor, their purchasing power will be im—

paired and the consequent damage to

other industries will be greater than the

advantages gained by the slight reduc-

tions mode in the Canadian tariff sched-

ules under the terms of this agreement.

Nor should those who are favoring it de-

lude themselves by believing that the

adoption of this agreement will end the

matter, for. if our premises are correct,

just as insistent demands will be heard

for the removal of the tariff on other pro-

ducts. In reali-t'y, we believe the issue to

be decided by congress is not limited to

the pending agreement, but rather the

question of continuing the established

policy of protection all along the line 01‘

the adoption of practical free trade in all

products in the comparatively near future.

If these deductions are fair, these con—

clusions correct, and there are many out—

side the industry of agriculture who sub-

stantially agree with them, is there a.

valid reason for, or a substantial benefit

to be derived from the putting of this





agreement: in force at this time? We leave'





it to the reader to determine and bring

his influence to bear accordingly.



What is done to influence the result

must be done quickly. Undoubtedly early

action will be taken by the House, and

prescnt indications are that the agree—

ment will be approved by a small ma—

jority In that body. It will come to a

vote in the senate before the final ad-

journment of congress on March 4, but

the approval of that body is far less cer-

tain. Every reader should carefully study

the problem in all its phases, and by per—

sonal communication or petition at once

makc his views known to both United

States senators from Michigan and the

representative from his district in con-

gress, Since, if the agreement is ratified

by the senate, it may be amended so as

to roquire further action by the House.

Trotters addressed to these gcntlcmen at

\Vashiugton, l). C, will roach them, and

the reader who believes this agreement

to be detrimental to his interests and does

not thus protcst, should forever after hold

his pcuce.





 





OUR LANSING LETTER.



Lansing, Mlt'il., Feb. 14.—An0thcr fca~

lure of Senator Leidlcin's highway bill

IS‘ attracting attention beside the huge

million. and a half appropriation feature.

'lhere is little, if any, favorable sentiment

for the proposed appropriation, but there

is some interest in the proposal to place

state .highway matters in charge of a

commisszon of three members rather than

one. Under the present law when the

term of the present commissioner ex-

pires. his successor will be elected by the

people but if the Leidlein bill should go

through then the governor would be giv-

cn authority to appoint three commis—

sioners. In View of this fact there is

some speculation as to who is backing the

bill and what moves are to be made to

alttfinpt to secure favorable consideration

0 .





The state highway department is only.





hsking for $500,000 for the two years and

denies emphatically all responsibility for

the Leidlein bill. It is urged by the de—

partment that $500,000 Will take care 0!

(Continued on page 195).





mp, 18, 1911., ,
f)‘





 





 





.,





 





POETRY





LITERATURE 1

HISTORY ane Ii





IN FORMATION





 





"7(0le





WEEKLY.





 





0»





Magazine Sectio





 





‘17re FARM BOY

an? GIRL

SCIENTIFIC an?

MECHANICAL





 





 





 





 





This Magazine Section forms a part of our paper twice a month. Every 3





rticle is written especially for itrtand does not/appeagsewheif





 





WASHINGTON AND LINCOLN==FARMERS.





Washington’s Interest in, and Appreciation of, Farm Life is Best Expressed in his Familiar Declaration that “Agriculture is the Most Healthful, the Most Use»





ful and the Most Noble Employment of Man.”

Retained this Love for the Farm to the End of Life.





Poverty and Pioneer Life Impose.





From the Brief Account of his Last Days upon his Mt. Vernon Estate, presented below, it

Lincoln was Born to the Soil but, unlike the Father of his Country, Experienced the Hardships which Dire

His thorough Understanding and Appreciation of Agriculture as a Calling—in his Opinion, the most Worthy Calling—are well





is Apparent that he





brought out in the able Address, published below, which he Delivered at the Annual Fair of the Wisconsin Agricultural Society, in September, 1859, in which he





Maintained that Thorough cultivation of the Soil





Exerts a Most Beneficial





THE LATER FARMlNG DAYS OF WASHINGTON.





O the patriotic citizen who makes

a pilgrimage to Mount Vcrnon come

visions, not of the strenuous life



which \Vashington lived in the field and



among the wild tribes and dense woods

of the. Ohio, but rather of the peaceful

pursuits of an agriculturist during the

last years of his life. He longed to get

back to Mount Vernon. Its assodations

twined about his heart as the tender ivy

twincs about the 10rdly oak. Ile dreamed

of many years of a farmer's life on his

beautiful estate, but these. alas. he was



(ltlllC'd. He retired with intense joy to



the peaceful pursuits of tillage. hoping" to



round out his life to a good old age among;

the scenes of his young manhood.



Ono sees today evidences of the farmer

\Vashington in one‘s rambles through the

grounds. lie was nothing if not

methodical. Up with thc lark. he went

at once to work, riding over the planta—

tion, looking after the smallest details.

planting. pruning. reaping. buildingr up

and cutting,“ down. He called his daily

trips to different parts of the estate “vis-

iting the outposts.” which was his du‘ly

duty during the war. After finishing his





sa cred





long term of official life he dropptd

naturally and gladly, as we may Judst

from his own words, into the routine of





farm duties. Like the progressive farmer

of today he began to repair the rents ab-

sence and forced neglect had made.



“In a word," he writes of himself. “I

am already surrounded by joiners. ma-

sons, painters, and such is my anxiety to

be out of their hands that I have scarcely

a room to put a friend in or to sit in my-





self without the music of hammers and

the odoriferous scent of paint." And

\Vashington had many visitors. He was





the newest and brightest star in the gal-

axy of fame. and distinguished foreigners

who sought our shores always visited

“Farmer 'Washington."



I-lis amiable spouse. celebrated at one

time as “the \Vidow Custis." aided him

with her counsels and superintended the

women‘s work on the farm. \Vashington

himself greatly loved the rural beauty of

Mount Vernon and was often found upon

the knoll which fronts the mansion, gaz—

ing through the deer park upon the broad-

ening‘ Potomac that glintcd with its my-

riad ripples in the sun. He kept a diary

in which he carefully noted the doings of

the day, the state of the weather. the

daily expenses of the estate and sales of

flour and grain. In a letter to his old

friend and companion. Oliver VVolcott,

then Secretary of the Treasury, he writes

that he had “turned aside from the broad

walks of political into the narrow paths

of private life. To make and sell a little

flour annually. to repair houses coinsr fast

to ruin. to amuse myself in agriculture

and rural pursuits will constitute employ-

ment for the f‘w years I have to remain

on this terrestrial globe.” Patriotic as

ever. and with the good of th‘ young: re—

public at: heart. the President had devel-

oped into the. contented agriculturist. The

output of \Vashing‘ton‘s grist-mill was

eagerly sought by all and the Mount Ver-

non brand of flour was called perfection

by discerning,r housewives.



Farmer XVashington was a very busy

man. The temper which he displayed at

Monmouth when he. reproved the laggard

Lee rarely burst forth at Mount Vernon.

New and then little trials came to vex

him in the shape of indolenec of some

farm hand or the tattle of a servant, and

on such occasions he was not slow to re-

DI‘OVe. But on the whole he “kept his

head," as the saying goes, and was a





master respected and beloved by his

“hirclings.” Nor did he St'Ol‘ll manual 1a—

bor. Blessed with a powerful frame. he

lifted the. heaviest stones upon the wagon.

planted trees in whose shade the tourist

can still repose at Mount Vernon and,

when occasion required, delved like the

common laborer.



After the agricultural pursuits of the

day he often listened to pretty Nelly (“us-

tis. his wife's graml-daug‘hter. at: the





Influence upon the Farmer Himself.





HOW THE FARM MAKES A MAN OF THE FARMER.





CRICI'L'I‘I'RAI. fairs are becomingr

an institution of the country. They

are useful in more ways than one.



They bring us together. and thereby make



us better acquainted and better friends



than we otherwise would l-c. From the

appcaranec of man upon the. earth

down to very recent times. the words



“strans'ct” and “enemy” were quite or



almost synonymous. The man of the



lfiehest cultivation. in spite of all





tirsl





moral





 





 





 





 





The Crude Kentucky Farm Cabin in which Lincoln was Born.





which is

where





harpischord. an old instrument

yet to be seen in the little room

hcr dainty fingers swept the keys. Nellie

Custis was a. great favorite with \Vash—

ington, who was fond of children, espec—

ially girls. “I can govern men,” he once





said. “but I can not govern boys."

It was destined that Mount Vernon





should not long enjoy the benetleent pres-





which abstract principle can do, likes

him whom he docs know much better

than him whom he tltlt :4 not know. To





great and small, which

of synn‘utthy and from

positive enmity na-

tions or as indi\ iduals. is one of the. high—

est functions of civilization. To this end

fairs contribute in no





correct the cvils.

spring; from want





.‘lllltlllt: Sll illlfit‘l‘h‘. as





our agricultural





 





 





 





Beautlful Boxwood Borders in Washington’s Garden at Mt. Vernon.





ence of its farmer lord. \Vashington, to

the last day of his life loved the pursuits

of agriculture. A lover of flowers. his

flower garden was the largest and most

beautiful in all that region. His famous

boxwood is still green; a rose bush plant-

(Continued on page 184).





small degree, They render more pleasant.

and more strone. and more durable the

bond of social and political union among

us. . gain. if. as Pope declares. “happi—

ness is our being's end and aim.” our

fairs contribute much to that end and

aim, as occasions of recreation, as holi—





days. t‘onstituted as man is. he has posi-

,tive need of occasional iccreation, and

whatever can give him this. associated





with virtue and advantage. and free from

vh e and (‘lisadvantas‘u is a positive good.





But the chief use of agricultural fairs

is to aid in improving the great calling

of agriculture in all its departments. and

minute divisions; to make mutual ex-

change of agricultural discovery, infor-





knowledge.



to bring together and to

which has accidentally

and invcntcd upon ordinary

but by cvcitins‘ emulation for

premiums. and for thc plillc and honor of

sort—to

invention





mag ion and

And not



impart all



discovered





only

ht (-ll





llltlilljw.





m.- is» inf triumph, in some





stlnluiatc that discovciy and





into o:~.tl:tor<lénary activity.

l prcsuinc i am not Walvcl ted to cm-

ploy the timc assisncd lll“ ill the more





class. My

proportion to

better nor

pcoplc. la the nature





21:1 tracts as 4‘.





that in.





llattcry of tla»

tlIllllltlll Hf tllt-lxl is



numbers, tln y art-

worse than ollwi





it: ill {.1‘





of things tiny :zrc morc numerous than

any other (lass. llut l'alsncrs being the

most numcrt 1;.» illlss it h-liows that their

intmcst is tin brow-st intezcst. It also





follows that that llll('l'tSl' is most worthy

of all to be \hcrishcd and cultivated.



My zit-st sngsewticn is an inquiry as to

the effect of gurwatcr lhorczashncss in all

the doparlnnms of agriculture than now

prevails. To spcak cuthcly within bounds,

It is known that fifty bushels of wheat,

or one hundrcd bushels of Indian corn can

be produccd i‘rtm an amt. Less thin a

year ago I saw it stated that a man. by





extraordimtry care and ‘a’tmr. had pro-

duced of wheat what was. equal to two

hundred bushcls from an acre. But take





and one hundred of corn,

and compare it with

the actual crops of the country. Many

years agoit was stated in a, patent office

report: that eighteen bushels was the av—

erage crop throughout the l'nited States.

and this ycar an intelligent farmer of

Illinois assured me that he did not be—

lieve the land harvestcd in that state this

season had yielded more than an average

of (“chi bushcls to thc acre. The soil has





fifty of wheat.

to be the possilllity.





never been pushed up to one-half of its

capacity.

\Vhat would be the (l‘t'tct upon the





soil up to

Unqu es--





farming; interest to push the



something ncar its full capacity.

tionably it take more labor to pro—

duce titty from an acre than it

will to producc tcn bushels fiom the Same





will

bushcls





acre; but will it take more labor to pro-

duce titty lzushtls from one acre than

from five'.’ l'nviucstioimiily thorous‘h cul—





tivation will more labor to the

acre: but will it require more to the bush-

el? if it require just as much to

the bushel. there. are some probable, and

sevcral ccrtain. advantages in favor of the

thorough practice. It is probable it would

develop those unknown causes which of

late years have tlll down our crops below

their former attrasre. It is almost cer-

tain. l :h‘nk. that, by deeper plowing, an«

the soils. experiments with ma—

observance





rctguirc





should





alysis of

nures and varieties of

of seasons. and the like. these. causes

would be discovered and remedied. It is

certain that thorough cultivation would

spare half. or more than half. the cost of

land. simply because the same produce

would he got from half. or from less than

half. the quantity of land.



It also would spare the making and

maintaining of inc-losures for the same,

whether these inc-insures should be

hedges, ditches. or fences. This again





scods,
'3.‘





184 (16)





is a heavy item—heavy at first, and

heavy in its continual demand’ for repairs.

I remember once being greatly astonished

by an apparently authentic exhibition of

the proportion the cost of an inclosure

bears to all the other expenses of the

farmer.



Again a great amount of locomotion is

spared by thorough cultivation. Take

fifty bushels of wheat ready {or harvcst.

standing upon a single acre, and it can be

harvested in any of the known wtys with

less than half the labor which would be

required if it were spread over five acres.



The. man who Drodtltcs a good full crop

will scarcely ever let any part of it go to

waste; he will keep up the enclosure about

it. and allow neither man nor beast to

trespass upon it: hc will gather it in due

season, and store it in perfect security.

Thus he labors with satisfaction, and

saves himself the wlilxle fruit of his labor.

The other, starting vith no purpose for

a full crop, labors trusts. and with less sat-

isfaction, allows his fv-ntcs to fall, and

cattle to trespass, {authors not in due

season. or not at all. Thus the labor he

has performed is \X'Il‘4t=.‘ll atvav. little by

little, till in the end no derives scarcely

anything from it.



The effect of lhui'""

the farmer's own

through his mind bl

is perhaps qultc equal to ally other of its

effects. Every min i< proud of what he

does well. and no min is proud of that he

does not we'l. \K'ith tl;c former his heart

is in his work. and i will do twiwc as

murh of it with loss ia'i-Iuc; the latter he

performs a litiic inninfectfy. looks {it it

in disgust. turns f"vlti it. and imagines

ttrcdu tho litllc ltf,‘





rr-uitivaliun upon

anl in rcaction

upon his business.





   





 

 





hims-lt‘ cxccudlncly





has done counts in lo till! for want of

finishing.

Combining Learn"; with Labor.



The world is calm-i 'vat labu' is the

source from which liili'lltl warns are

mainly supplicd.



Men, with their f-..i'ic->—ci'-_-:~. sow;

and daughtc'sflwm-‘i “r they wives on





their farms. in ll‘."‘ll‘ hwllszw. ant Ill theiz

slums. taking the wh‘xh- Il.»|l‘l -' l» l‘ on:-

seiv'cs. and asking: n; favors of mi: ii an

the one hand, nm- of liircllius on He

othcr. It is not forgotlcn that a

erablc numbcr of persons minclc lht‘ll'

own labor with ("abilal—«thut is, liltin-

with thcir own hands. and also hire men

to labor for tilcln,



Thu Dl‘lldt‘l«l, pcnni‘css lvcsinncr in the

world labors for wig-c»: u whilu, loves .‘t

surplus with which i: buy tools or land

for himself. thwn l’lhlrs on his own ac-

count another \vhiic. and at length hires

another ncw booinncr to hclp him, This,





Wis?”-





 





say its advowitcs. is face lzllmr'rr‘illo just,

and generous. and pm'spvlmns

which opens thr» \\'?l_\' .5»:- all, civczs hope

to all. and cnmg'y iti‘tl priqruws, an! im—.

provcmcnt of mindi'r-m tn a‘i, lf any

continue through lif‘c ll. i'uc condition of

the hired luhruct' it E» 't’ll tltc filllll of tho

system, but hccuusc h" citiicr a dcpon'lcnt

nature which prn‘Vr'w i:, or improvidcnce.

folly. or singular ini~'“u'tunc. llut pow,





SVHlt‘ll'





cspccially in those fl'cc stall-s, ncarlv all

are educated——quifc t'nl ncarly all to lclvo.

the labor of tho uimluwltcd ill any wise

adequate to tho suboart of the whole.

It follows from line that henceforth edu-





cated pcoplc l:lll‘=‘l i.l-‘i)l. (ltllct‘u‘irzc, cdu—

Cation itsclf wouid ll“~‘l'l'.ll-I’l a positive and

intolcrublc cvi. Nu {'llllilll'V will sustain





In idlcncss more lllflil a small pcrccntngc

of its numbcrs. The profit majority must

labor :It From

these prcmisw ill“ pro'llcnl springs. “lloxv

can labor and t'-l'lvilll l'l lug lllt‘ most sat-

isfactorily Inn l lli’l’.”



This leads to thc rctlcction that no other

hum-in occupation upcz's so wide a ficltl

for tho profitabh- and :lgrc'ulblo combina-





s mint him: lu'wluctivc.





lion of labor with culiivalwl thought, as

agriculture I know Nothing so pleasant

to thc mind as tho <ll<t“"t'\'t’l',\' of anything;

that i; at once how and valuable —--nothin:

that so lig‘lltchs and swcctr-ns toil as the





'hopcful pursuit of silt-71 dim-.umrv. And

how vast and how vrl"i«-d a field is attri-

cullurc for such dis wvcryl The mind.

already trains-d to ill mold in the country

school, or hiuilcr stitmwi. cannot fail to

find there an c\.llot;>'t'r- :: swarm of enjoy—

ment. lib-cry blavln o' grass is a study;





and to producc two whom there was but

one is both a protil all.l a plcasurc. And

not grass alonc. lull soils. ditches, and

fenccsrredraininu‘. droughts, and irrigation

—plowing, llflr’lllg". and harrowingarcan-

ing‘. mowing. and thrcshinev saving crops.

pests of crops, disozlscs oF crop-l, and What.

will prevcnt nr curc thomrw-implmncnts.

utcnsils, and machincs. thcir rclaltivc mm:

its. and how improvc them-"hoes, horses.

and cattle. sheep, goats, and poultry——

trees. shrubs, fruits. plants, and flowers-—

the thousand things of which these are





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.‘





specimens—each a world of study within

itself. '



In all this~book learning is available.

A capacity and taste for reading gives

access to whatever has already been dis—

covered by others. It is the key, or one

of the keys, to the already solved prob-

lcms. And not only so. it gives a relish

and facility for successfully pursuing

the unsolved ones. The rudiments of

Scicnt‘e are available and highly available.

Some knowledge of botany assists in dcaL

in: with the vegetable wm~ld-——with all

growim: crops. t‘itcmistry :nsists in the

analysis of soils, selection and application

of manures. and in numerous other ways.

The mechanical branchcs of natural phil-

osophy are ready help in almost every-

thing, but especially in rcfcrcncc to imple-

ments and machinery. The thought re—

curs that educatitm—rmltivuted thought—

can best be combined with agricultural

labor, or any labor, on the principle of

thorough work; that careless, half-per-

formed, slovenly work makes no place for

such combin:.ition; and thorough work,

again, renders sufficient the smallest

quantity of ground to each man; and this.

again, collt'm‘ms to what must occur in a

world less inclined to wars and more de-

votcd to the arts of peace than heretofore.

Population must increase rapidly, more

rapidly than in former times, and ere long

the most valuable of all arts will be the

art of. deriving'a comfortable subsistence

from the smallest area of soil. No com—

munity whose every membcl- possesses

this art can ever be the victim of oppres-

sion in any of its forms. Such commu-

nity will be alike independent of crowned

kings. money kings, and land king‘s.



llct llr‘ hope. iathcr, that by the best

cultivation of the physical world beneath

and around us. and the intellectual and

nmra‘: wmld within us, we shall secure an

individual, Haiti and political prosperity

.ll‘tl hamliuczss. whose course shall be on-





ward and upward. and which. while the

earth endures, shall not pass away.





FARMING DAYS OF WASHINGTON.

(Continued from page 183).





ed by his own hand has survived the

storms of a century and the trees he tend—

ed with loving care are stately‘monarchs

of the groves. At one end of the garden

at Mount Vernon is a queer-looking oc-

tagonal structure in which \Vashington

preserved his seeds, and not far away Is

the quaint little ice-house which furnished

coolness for good Martha's cream and

fruits. These structures roared by Wash—

ington. with the old spinning house and

the kitchen, have changed but little.



Farmer Washington riding to church

at Pohick or Alexandria, in his cream—

colored coach was a sight for the country

folk. His four horses, whose color matched

that Of the cumbersome vehicle, were

kings of their species. and seemed proud

to draw the goodly pair of Mount Vernon.

Then indeed was the first farmer of the

land the “observed of all observers." and

black and white alike waved a. salute to

the lord of the manor.



Jefferson now and then came to see

the great man of Mount Vernon and

\Vashington took pride in showing him

over the estate, now and then stopping

to give directions to his laborers. And

when the days of seed time and harvest

were over for the farmer of Virginia,

whcn the last long night drew near, he

whispered to faithful Tobias Lcar: “It is

well,” and thcy laid him where he re-

poses today beside his gentle wife in the

heart of his farm on the little knoll that

overlooks the glimmering Potomac. There

in the modest tomb. which is a Mecca for

thousands, under the trees he planted and

tended “and within a stone's throw of the

iields where he dclvcd, sleeps the “first

farmer of Virginia." the tender and im-

mortal VVashin-gton.





 





 





 





THE GATES OF BAKAPPLEIN





it

I B ELIZABETH JEWETT nnowu

, y «a SUSAN JEWETT HOWE.





 





 





 





Chapter X|.-—-The “Therrerbred.”



Ned‘s intr-rview with his sister was not

Vcl'y satisfactory to her. He was vexed

and impaticnt that she should follow him

and beg, him to return to the man that;

he felt had outrageously insulted him;

but her gcnuine grief at his departure

tlnally softened him and he kissed her an

affectionate gooddrve. while trying to

cheer her with his great idols which he

really believed would come true. He was

so sure that he would he able to go into

business directly for himself, and conse—

quuntly make money, that she began to

bclicvc him, and shc gave him her prom—

isc that if he nccdcd her to keep house

slzc would come if he should send for her.



"No you won‘t," he teased. “You will

:40 to Manning Ilcvcrly. He will nccd you

tlllll't‘ than I do. You nccd not tell me

that you are not already thinking of

that."



She blushed, though her eyes were full

(11' mars. “lt will be a long time before

that 11:1ppcns,” she answered. “And I

promise you faithfully, Ned, that I shall

not worry him as long as there is the

slightest chance that you will need me.

Uh. how I wish you would not go away."



“I can't do anything here any longer,”

llt‘ answcrcd decidedly. “The city is the

place for opportunities. I have a little

money saved up which I shall double at

lll\' first chance. \Vhy, in five years I

will make more money with my brains

than Searls has made in twenty. I‘ve

bccn to a good school lately and I know

how to manufacture the ducats. Don‘t

worry about inc. I will write as soon as

l strike something I like. Look after

llruiscr. lie is a true friend and I’d like

to take him with me if I could. Now

both of ym run back to the house and

act out of this ruin. Say good-bye to

the Beverly‘s for me in case I should not

soc them, though I shall stop there a

minute. I'll have to 'hustle if I catch that

train. Once more. good-bye. and when

ncxt you see your brother you will be

proud of him." He patted the dog, gave

hcr a bear hug. and without daring to

look back, for his own eyes were a trifle

moist at the parting. he strode away.

while Mcl'lc \valkcd slowly lump-wards,

calling the reluctant dog with her.



Ned ran in for a moment at the Beverly

homestead for a final word with Grand—

i‘atln-r "leverly and Manning. He found

the old man reading" the daily paper, with

lllc baby near ban a high chair demand-

ing a good dcal of his attention. Nod

tossed the child in his arms with a jok-





ing remark that he expected he would be

her uncle before long; a parting hand-

shake and good wishes from the grand—

father. a word with Manning at the barn

who tried to dissuade him from leaving.

then he was away again and hurrying

along the lonely road to the station four

miles away.



When nearly there he met Joe Green

driving slowly along. The fat old horse

was taking his time as his driver sat de-

jectedly on the seat, the reins hanging

limp in his blue-mittened hands. He

pullcd up suddenly at the sight. of Nod,

and the horse began to nip at the frosty

lil'llllti'l'lt‘S of the trees along the road.



“(loin‘ away?" he asked; “tryin' to

kf‘lt‘ll the train, ch, coz of you be you've

got plcnty nv time as it is late, so I

hccrd at the station. It won‘t be along

l‘cr some time; the express will go through

inst." '



Ned stopped for a little chat. “\V‘nat

have you boon to the train for. After

young Joe? I saw him in \l'inthrop this

morning. He said he was coming home

on the train"



“That‘s why I wont to moot him," an<

swr-rcd his flithcr. “I hadn't nothin’

much to do and as he wuz goin‘ to bring

lzolnr- some clocs and things, I hitched

up. I wonder what‘s ke-lpin’ him." he

qucstioned anxiously. “Yew didn’t hap—

pin‘ tow see him drinkin’, did yo?"



“\Vcll, he was following Jimmy Malley

around pretty close," Ned answered. “He

was considerably happy the last I saw of

him.”



.100 straightoncd up suddenly. “Wall,

of he had got in with that teller he

wouldn't let go on him until he wuz

drunk as a bilvd owl ’l‘har‘s no knowin’

what ’1)” happin tew him nor when he‘ll

git hum, so I‘m goin‘ ter look alter him.”

He turned his horse around. “Get in,"

he said cordially, “cf yew air goin’ to

Winthrop yew might as well ride with

me, fer that’s whar I’m goin'. Ei’ the

train is as late as they said it would lac

yew will git thar as quick with me as of

ycw waited fer it."



ch was glad of the ride and of the old

man‘s (-on'ipanionship. The horse jogged

along willingly over the icy road. and

1m- (‘tlld l-afn falling from the sullen clouds

lllilrlu the day a picture of gray. gloomy

(icsnluiir'ni, The Wily 10d il’ll‘tlllgll rather

a thinly settlcl stretch of country and

Hit: icw pcople they saw seemed anxious

to escape from tln- chill of the short af-

ternoon to the warmth of their firesides.

()ld Joe asked no questions about Ned's

departure until the boy began to talk





- mp. 18, 1911.





about King; then he asked abruptly what,

the man had done to him. ‘ ,



That was a. new way of talking and it

pleased the boy. Searls had demanded

the knowledge of What he had done to

King, but the man’s shrewd way of plac-

ing the blame elsewhere, thereby exoner-

ating him, caused Ned to open his heart

freely to the one person to whom he felt

that he could confide the whole subject

without fear of blame for what he had

done, His own conscience troubled him

enough without anyone else condemning

him, and feeling sure of Joe's sympathy

from the start to the finish, he told all,

and when he had concluded there was no

dirty trick of King’s which Joe did not

know.



“Wall,” he said reflectively, “I ain’t

a’going ter say that what yew done was





jest right and proper; but again I ain’t





goin’ tcr say that it wuz wrong. I‘m glad

yew got the better uv the skunk, but I

wish thar hadn‘t been lct‘t a loophole

whar-by he could git the better uv yew.”



“I'd like to see him try it," blustered

Ned. “I guess if it came to‘ a court 01

law I‘d stand as good a chance as he

would." '



“I dunno about that!" Old Joe shook

his ‘head. “I‘ve lived a long time and I've

seen a hull. lot uv lawsuits in my day and

I never yit saw one that the man with

money didn‘t git the best end uv it ef he

cared to fight it long ernut‘r. It's best for

your to keep still about this King racket

fer a spell. Yew jcst leave it ter me.

Bimcby he will git rope ernntf to mighty

nigh hung him, and then I'll be on hand

and help ter slip the noose. Thur ain’t

no scch thing as law and jestice fer the

poor man that hes stole a lcetle. If a man

wants ter stcal he‘s got tcr go in hull-

sale; rob a hull town. or steal a railroad,

or bust a bank, or suthin' big; he mustn‘t

stop with a few dollars; of he does he’ll

be pinched: but jest let him dew like

le’ing', and folks will be at'ccrd to tackle

him. Old Man Beverly who knows a lot

about scch things told me that thar wuz

a man wunst in Crease (fancy callin’ a

town (Th-case) but he scz thar wuz sech a

place; and_this man, Solon, said that laws

wuz like cobwebs; the poor got ketched

in 'cm and couldn't git out: but the rich,

ctr-n of they aid git ketchcd. they could

break loose; so I‘ve 'ben thinkln’ that per-

haps that wuz why they called that place

("trolls-c; it wuz greased for the rich so

that they could slide erlong easy.”



Ned laughed. "Llrandfather Beverly is

the youngest old man I ever knew. I've

hoard him make a good many compari—

sons bctween the customs of today and of

ancient Greece."



“Yes." assented the other rcilectively,

“he alters hit his stories down pat. He





told me anutlier wunst in speakin’ about





lClll;;‘. He said thar wuz a rich king, or

a man suthin’ like a king" in them days

that said he Wasn't happy, fer no matter

what he had thar wuz a big sword a

hangin' by a hair over his head the hull

limo. Ile called thc—--th:>——wall, I Ion't

exzakly rcckomcmbcr, but it wuz a dam——

dam—wall, some kind of a dam sword

cnnyhow, whitch this king wuz constantly

:ifcard wuz goin' ter fall and chop his

mean 010 head oil'. llc said that the sword

wuz hangfn' ovcr King's head and that it

would fall some day and fall lltll'(.”



”The Swm'd of llumacles,” explained

ch. soberly.



“That's it,” continncd Joe, “an‘ I’ve

a but notion that I'll be thar when that

sword draps on King's skinny ole neck.

And I've bcn thinkin' that thar's a sword

hangin‘ ovcr cv‘ry one uv us all the time.

And that sword is the mean things we've

done all our livcs. An' that's what I

mean, Ned, by szlyin‘ that while I'm glad

that King got it in the neck fer wunst.

yct I'm sorry that you’ve done annything

that wan't jcst. square and honest, fer

I‘m al'card that it will be hangin‘ over

your hock all the-rcat uv your life. Now

all the drinkin‘ and mean things I ever did

air all put togcthcr in one sword a hang~

in‘ over inc in the shape uv my boy Joe.

I don't know what'ud become on him.

and that's the reason I’m goin’ to W'in—

throp to look utter him. I begin tcr think

that I'm gittin’ all that's comin’ to me,

1111’ sittin’ it. pcrty hard."



Ned did not answer. The old man

pulled away at his pipe for awhile, then

he changcd the subject and began asking

the boy about his future plans. “You‘ll

grit alwlnl,” ho complimented; “thar never

yet wuz at Jackson that couldn't make a

dollar."



Such praise was not wasted and he drew

a roscate picture of what he intended to

do, enlarging on the fact that once“’start~

cd he would not be long in piling up the

money, boasting that when he returned





(Continued on page 187).





 





 





*V-.. a: ‘ -. «w wiry-.31
. »..-.—..... - -





Tug.—





 





FEB. 18, 1911.





BEST OF ALL.





~—





BY MILDRED M. NORTH.





A cherry tree in a garden grew

As fine as fine could be;



A little lad had a hatchet new—

A happy boy was he.



He tried its edge on the kindling wood,

’Twas quickly cut in two;



Then on the tree that near him stood——

The chips they gaily flew.





Whack! Whack! \Vhack!

chop

And see the splinters go!

\Vhat fun to hear the tree go flop

And see it lying low!





\Vhat fun to





Then when the sun was in the West

His father, walking by,



Behold the tree he liked the best

Cut down. And with a Sigh





He saw the hatchet by the tree. .

He called young George and said,



“My son, ’tis very plain to me

You‘ve been to mischief led.”





“I did it,” George then made reply;

"I'm sorry as can be. .



But, father, dear, I will notflhe

For just one cherry tree.





“My boy,” the father said with joy,

“Your actions greatly please;



I’d rather have a truthful boy

Than many cherry trees.





“THAT NO ’COUNT DAN COLBY."





 





 





BY EvA MILLS ANDERSON.



Often as Mrs. Cashman had heard of

Dan Colby since she came to live at “The

Clearing," she had not yet seen him.

“He ain‘t nobody’s fool, Dan ain‘t," said

Mrs. Thompson, the boardh g house cook,

“but he's just daffy "bout toads an‘ hop-

pers an’ sech like.”



Dan’s mother was also confidential re-

garding her son to the young bride of the

mill owner. “There liain‘t nothin’ bad

’bout Dan,” she said. “but he won‘t do

nothin’. \Ve tried sendin’ him to school

.but he played hookcy hat“ the 1inn-. The

teacher said he got his lessons like a

house afire when he was thar, but the

trouble was to keep him thar. “'e

couldn’t do it, neither could the teacher.

Then we reckoned we‘d set him to work.

The company ’d pay him a dollar an‘ a

haf a, day fer deckln’ logs but. land. Mis'

Cashman, he‘d work till he caught sight

of a. new bug or hearn a bird‘s song he

didn’t ’zactly know, an' then he‘d drop

everythin’ an’ light out for that critter.

The company didn't pay him no dollar

an’ a. haf a day fer that kind 0' business

very long, I tell you. Seuce then we‘ve

let him run wild like. Seemed as if there

wa’an’t no use tryin’ to make him do any-

thin’. Still Dan isn't bad. There hain’t

no better hearted boy in The Clearin’,

only he’s just no 'count.“



Mrs. Colby wiped her eyes as she con-

cluded, a look of perplexity on her honest.

motherly face as she mentally tried to

solve the problem how she and her hard-

working husband came to be the parents

of such an idle. irresponsible lad as Dan.





'l‘hc first time Mrs. Cashman saw





 





 





 





Faithful Guardians of the Granary.





young Colby he was bending over a. pool,

which was fenced off from the main cur-

rent of the river by a palisade of boards.

She \knew him instantly from his occu-

pation and the photograph she had seen

adorning the center table. in his mother‘s

parlor. A long, lanky figure, a mop of

auburn curls crownii g a wt'll—sllapcd head,

and a certain noticeable alertness in (-v.

ery motion. She stepped to his side. Dan

had recognized her as soon as she came

in sight but he made no other acknmvl—

edgement of her presence than a glance

from his smiling g‘uy eyes.

“IVhat are you watcl'iing, Dan

“Nothin’,” without raising his head.

“What are. those long—legged things

sprawling around there?”

“Why, don't you know them? Them’re

tadpoles. I’m tryin’ to see them make

theirselves into frogs. They do make





on





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





frogs,” he added positively, as if he ex-





pected her to contradict him, “I’ve

watched ’em do it.”

”Of coul‘se they do,” she responded





“I've never seen them do it but

I’d like to





v





heartily.

I‘ve read about it in books.

watch with you if you‘ll allow me.‘





llan was gratified. Here was an ally

where he had expected a critic. He

shoved a board toward her for a seat.





“Books? Do they put the like of that in

books?" .



“Certainly they do. I have some at

home now. Come and look at them if





you would like to do so, \Vhat‘s in



these bottles, Dan?”

“’l‘hem‘s hoisehairs, Mis’ Cashman. Did



you know if you kep‘ horsehairs in a be"-





tle long enough they‘ll turn to snakes?”





“It would have to be a long tim‘e. I

gucss," said she laughingly; thcn scri—





Dan, but scien-

Have you ever





ously, “I‘ve heard that,

tists say it isn‘t true.

seen them do it?"



“No, I hain‘t, but Pete Gallagher says

he has many a time."



“Do you believe him?”



“I dunno. I‘m tryin' the thing to find

out."



“\‘Vell, that‘s right. That’s what I call

the true scientific spirit.”



Dan blushed a little and his heart

warmed toward his companion at the

compliment. As he ‘aiscd his head to give

her an appreciative glance he at once

fixed his attention upon a near—by tree

trunk. Mrs. C‘ashman followed his gaze

with wondering eyes.



“You see them things, Mis' Cashman?"



”XVhat things. Dan?"



"’l‘hem walking sticks."



“I don’t see any walking

ieplied.



Dan stepped to a tree and pulled off

what she had taken to be a dry twig but

which proved to be a long. thin. grayish

brown insect: with abnormally long legs.

llc laid it on her hand.



“I'gh!” sllc cXclaimed. shaking it Off.

“Is that what you call a walking stick?

l thought you meant a cane.”



“It‘s a walking stick." he asserted.

“Did you think it would hurt you? See

me.“ He picked it up. smoothed it gent—

ly. laid it tenderly gainst his cheek and

finally put it on his trouser leg. watching

its upward progress with satisfaction.



“It's brown now because the trees are

gettin’ brown an‘ gray. but in the spring

when the trees are green it's green, too.

That's its way of hidin‘ itself. .\n' if it

breaks off one of its legs a new one will

grow. I've watched 'cni do it.“



“That‘s very interesting. Let us take

it to my house and try to find its descrip—

tion in my insect book,” she invited.



Dan was ready to go at once but she

delayed for a further investigation of his

treasures.



“What are you

for?" she askcd.



“.lust to find out some things about 'em

I don‘t know. Some of 'cm is fly ketch—

crs. Mis‘ Cashman.“ Dan pulled a pitcher

plant from the bunch. "Look down in

thar. See the drownded flies an‘ bugs?

They go in few :1 drink. I s’pose. an’ then

~~~sce them stiff hairs all ‘loiig the inside.

pointin’ down; them keeps the critters

from crawlin' out agin. Now what docs

the plant want 0' them bugs? Must be

it needs ”em or it wouldn‘t grow hails a

purpose to keep the things down thar.“





sticks." she





keeping those weeds





“’l‘hat‘s a problem, Dan. which puzzlcs

a great many people. 1 wish I kin w why

such plants catch and keep flies and bug‘-a

but I don't. And I've read cnough about

it to make me sure that men and women

who spend their lives studying such

things are no more certain what use the

plant makes of those insects than we

are.”





“ loci ‘





I wish I could find out fcr 'em.‘

exclaimed the young enthusiast. “It‘s

beautiful, ain't it?" he held the stalk off

admiringly. “Ilain’t it ‘wondcrful the

leaves grow the. way they do? I can

make a pretty good cup out of a basswood

loaf. but only natur can make. a pitcher

like that.” He replaced it almost rever-

cutly and pulled out a reed. “Do you see

the eggs fastened to them leaves. Mis’

Cashman?" I-Ie handed her a small

microscope. “Queer lookin‘ egg. hain't

they? ‘Pcar like a lot 0’ baby pipe stems

throwed together. An’ you know. thev

hatch out them worms you see over there

all gummcd up in leaves—”



“Those are chrysalids, Dan. and the

worms are called larvae,” interrupted

Mrs. Chishman.



“Yes’m. An’ sometimes them worms

gum theirselves up in sticks, an’ a hunter

l’eller ’at 'was up here, the one ’at giv me

the magnifying g ass, said sometimes they

gum houses in shells. Looks like they

wasn’t mighty perticuler what kind 0’

places they live in. W'hat I’m trying to





find out. now is what them worms turn

into an’ how they do it. I‘m afraid,

though, the summer won't be long enough,

an‘ I‘ve got to let ’em all go this winter.”

His bright face clouded with a look of

sorrow.



“\\‘hy

Dan?"



“Be 'ause, Mis’ Cashman, I‘ll be sixteen

my next birthday, an’ when a feller gets

as old as that he‘s got to git to work

doin‘ somethin’ to make a hvin‘.”



“lion‘t you knew, Dan, you could make.

a living studying these things you are so





do you have to let them go,





much interested in if you would only

learn enough to get at it in the right

way?”



"No, I don't know it. I s‘pose you‘re





coddin‘ me, Mis' Cashman."



“I'm not telling you what isn't true, Dan,

if that's what you mean.“



“I can see lots of fun in studyin‘ sech

things but I can‘t see no livin' in it."



"Nevertheless there are hundreds of

men and womcp doing it.“



“An’ makin' their livin' at it?"



“Certainly.”



Dan stared at her, mouth and eyes wide





 





 





The Aristoeratic Household Favorite.





 





an





opcn. "ls that real sure. honor bright



“It undoubtedly is, Dan. I wouldn’t

about a thing like that, or

she added part’uithctically.





ticccivc you

till).'llliiig‘ chi-C,"

“\Yhat would I have to do to get so I

could keep on stutlyin' natur’ an‘ make

my livin‘ at the same time?“

"I can‘t tell you cxactly, but in a gen-

eral way you would have to get an edit-





cationfiugo to some college, I mean—and

learn all you could there and elsewhere.





It would be a long, hard pull for you and

would take ytars of time. Maybe you

wouldn't think it worth while. for

you can learn cnough to make your liv-

ing. if that’s all you want. as a mill hand

in six montlis~pi'ob::bly you know enough

now."



Dan stood up. )lrs. t‘asliman was sur—

prised to sec how tall hc She had

been thinking of him as a boy. but at once,

man. t'aslnnan.‘ he

with u dignity and

=scIl her as some-





,V‘llll‘





\YllS.





he scented a “Ans. ’

began earnestly and





determination that impr:





 





thing now. an t'llti(l‘-.\'lll(lll he had that

moment rcccivcd. “If that thing can be

done I‘m goin' to do it. I don't carc how

hard I have to work or how long it takes

me. You don't know lzow I love these

bugs un‘ ilou‘crs an‘ lcavcs an stoncs. l'vo

bccn just abou miscrublc all summcr

‘cuusc l rcckonctl this fall i'tl have to





‘cm un' go to work. It wafan‘l

madc inc unhappy, it was the

Dan had picked up a blade of





unit lovin‘

the work

quiltin‘.”





_ ‘ass and was folding it around his finger

while spcuking. "lsn't it lugautiful‘f"

holding it out to his companion. "hook

at it through thc nluzznilicr 2111' see how

pretty it is. II n likc sccli things, don’t

you?"



"lntli-ctl i do. liut let us f-‘u to the

houst- now. l l-uvc a much better “glass





lh'ing along any of your things





than this.

you want



liclightctlly '.\'Irs.

(‘uslunan to llcr llonic. whcic his pleasure

wonders rcvcalctl

were beyond

himself to it,





it) ltltlli (ll.

Iran accompanictl

and umazcmcnl at the

micrt’lscopt

glut-d





by her line

l‘onntls. llc fairly

induce him to





insect





leave the glass

lJtuik. ”0





She could

only by cxhibiting the

gloatcd ovt-r its pagcs.



“\\'ritiug such books as that is one of

Ihp ways to make a living by sttulying

hatme. l'lan.



"ch'm. How long do you suppose the

studitd bcfore he writ this?" he

inquired. eagerly turning the leaves, ut-

tering cx.-lamations of joy at almost ev-

cry illustration and lamcly readingr here,

and there bits of description.



“Here‘s the walkin’ stick." he almost

shouted as he came to the picture. “Its

real name is mantis and that means a

prophet. Gee! don’t this book tell a lot?

An’ here," he exclaimed, after turning ov-





l‘t'lif‘l'





(17) 185



er some more pages, “is them eggs in the

gummed up leaves. They looked just like

this picture when I put them under your





gass. An‘ they hatch out into caddis

flies. Here's their photographs. I know





that fly but I didn't know its name, or

that it came from them worms. An’ they

don‘t know all about it yet, Mis’ Cash-

man; the. book says they don‘t. ‘My, if I

could only find out some of them things

fer ’em.”



“Maybe

studying.”



Dan went from glass to book and from

book to glass until the mill whistle blew

for supper time. That suddenly made him

conscious that, he had quite exceeded the

limits of a call. He reluctantly closed the.

\olumc and returned the microsmpe to

its case.



“(ionic and use those lungs whenever





you can, Dan, if you keep





you want to. I‘ll be real glad to have

you do so.” invitcd Mrs. Cashman.

“Thank you, ma'am, but I’m goin’ to





work to-morrer. I‘m goin' to have a glass

an’ a book like them fer myself. How

much do they cost, Mrs. Cashman?”



“oh, I don‘t know exactly. You could

probably duplicate them for about a hun-

dred dollars."



Dan's face clouded, then it brightened

as be reflected that he must not weaken

at the first sign of a struggle. “I’ll get

‘em if they cost a. thousand,” he said

bravely. He left Mrs. Caslmiun‘s home

a few moments later, feeling as if life‘s

problem had bccn satisfactorily solved

for him. He called at the house of the

superintendent on his way home and then

surprised his family by announcing that

he had arranged to go to work the fol»

lowing day. "in-y approved of that, but

when he divulged his plan to save his

earnings and use them in the future in

sending himself to college they scornfully

opposed any such prod‘gal wastet‘ulness of

money and time. .



"llc's fullcr of tool notions than a. trout

is of eggs.“ sniffed his father. “The only

good thing about it is that before he gits

the money earned he'll have time to git

over 'em.“



Hut Dan didn't “git

the time that Mrs,

that possible futurc in

combine devotion to his





ovcr ‘em." From

t‘aslnnan unfolded

he could

study





which

favorite





'with earning his living, he never swerved





[ruin his ultimate purpose.



Mrs. (faslunan helped him remove the

objections his family felt toward his pro—

,icctcd career, and before Dan had the

money earned for his college course his

father offered to lend him the amount.

iut Dan resolutely refused.



"I set out to earn it for myself and I

want to stick to it.“ he rcplicd, “so, thank

you, fathcr, but plcusc let me work it out





my own way." And his father wisely

said no more.

Three, years after that first meeting.





Han again walked up to Mrs. Cashman‘s

house. Ilc had a paper in his hand.



“3 believe." the young man said to his

l'rit-nd. “I've been able to make some ob—

servations on the moults of the caddis

fly that have escaped other students. I‘ve

written them out with the idca of send-

ing them to the Entomological Journal, if





 





 





 





“How’s this as a Healthy Start for my

1911 Crop?”





 





you do not consider it presumptious to do

so. May I trouble you to listen to my

papcr‘?"



Of course Mrs. (‘ashman gave the antic—

and she listened with





ipa’tctl Dt‘l'lniSSlUn





great interest. “That‘s splendid, Dan.”

she approved when he finished. “You've

made. every point perfectly clear. Send it





at once. But I can’t see

the time to do all that.”

Dan smiled. “\Ycll, when the other

boys were off ‘having a good time,’ I was

having one of my own in my study."

That paper was published by the jour‘





how you got
186 (13)





 

 





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do him, paid

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THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





me] to which it was sent. Ii: attracted the

notice of other students in the same field

and made it possible for Dan to pay his

college fecs‘by acting 'as laboratory as-

sistant. lie was already known as a.

promising young scientist when he was





:graduaied with honors a few years later.

;.-\5 the government was just then seeking

iun entomologist he was at once employed

lzlllfl Sent on an expedition to the South





where. he soon made a distin-

guished reputation.



No one at "he Clearin’ now wants to

admit that he ever spoke of Dan Colby

us “no 'cnunt." Everybody there prefers

lo have it believed that he predicted Dan

Would be a great man some day. All are

proud of the, name he has won for him-

self. and every house has the portrait of

“Daniel Colby, The Distinguished Scien-

tist." cut from a popular magazine, as the

chief ornament of the “front room."





Pacific,





EXPECTING THE BEST OF OTHERS.





 





 





B Y CHARLOTTE BIRD.





“Every man has his price," crooked

the pcSSimist dogmatically and in a voice

so overbearing as to drown out every re-

ply. “Every man stands ready to eat up

his neighbor. The world is growing worse

all the time. People are getting to be so

mean that you can't trust anybody.”





The words kept ringing in my cars all

the way down to the station and even

after I had boarded the train, for the

worldly wise man was one Whose opinions

on the whole, I respected. It was a damp.

muggy morning—just the kind when the

mind is naturally inclined to dwell on the

less cheerful and beautiful side of human

nature.



Pretty soon my attention was arrested

by a woman trying painfully to open a

window to let fresh air into the unventi-

13th car. A man, noticing her fruitless

efforts. sprang across the passage to her

rclicf llllll wus soon successful. In this

man, l'clurning quickly to his seat, I rec-

ognized one of the very few exceptions to

the worldly wise. man‘s rule. one of the

exceptions which prove the rule.



At the next station a tired-looking

woman entered the car in chargeof six





children, ranging in age from one to ten

years. She could not even pretend to





control them and they swarmed at will all

over the cur without heeding her ineffec-

tive warnings. By and by. when the

fruit vendor came through. a dignified,

middle—aged man unobtrusively beckoned

him some money and in a.

some dirvctions. A

cuch litllc traveler

acquisition of an un-

looked fur banana. While their modest

benefactor. with the air of knowing; noth-

ingaboul it. sat gazing out of the window.



I had reached my destination and was

walking up the street toward home. It

was then that I noticed an old man driv-

ing along the street in a. buggy. drawn by

a. restless colt. 'When he reached the

street car truck, he stopped. for in front

of him, just between the rails. he had

spied a fine cabbage head. dropped from

some passing grocer‘s or market garden—

er‘s wagon. A car was approaching and

clearly the old man‘s desire to possess the

cabbage head was stringizliimr hard with

his prudence, which urged him to rcmuin

iu the buggy wlicre he could control his

horse's fr'iskiness in the. face of the ap-

I was beginning seriously

to consider lending :1 hand by braving the

deep, thin mud and securing the prize for

the old man. when the car came up and

stoppcd just short of it.



The smiling moiorman had quickly tak~

on in the situation and kindly asked, as a

preliminary. “Would you like to have

that (-ublmgc head?" Then. almost before

there was time for an answer he. sprang

from the cur. stepped gingerly through

the surrounding mud. picked up the trophy

and with :1 happy face carried it triumph-

unlly lo the eagerly waiting hands.



I hud hardly reached home before I

heard of unolhcr act of kindness. A wom—

an, going out of :1. concert hall. hurl found

three tickets for the season's concert

course. worth altogether. nine dollars. The





gave. him

moment afterwards

was rejoicing in the





F owner's name “US on the tickets. She

quickly sought the proper channel for

their immediate return to their owner.





She did it at the cost of considerable. per-

sonal inconvenience for she is a very busy

Woman. In a few hours. almost before

there lllld been lime to miss them. though

they had passed through several pairs of

disinterested bonds. the tickets were de-

livered safe with the owner‘s mail. Now

this not had nothingr in it exceptionally

honest or distinguishingly commendable.





 





All this while not one unkind, disagree:





' been to





able act had fallen under my notice. I

had no reason to believe that any of these

people had ever met before or that any of

them had any personal reason in showing

kindness to an utter stranger. The heroes

were evidently just plain, ordinary people,

such as we meet everywhere and every

day, who had not the remotest idea that

they were doing anything line or unusual.

Neither did they attract the attention of

the unusual from the onlookers.



As I reflected, I began to doubt that the

worldly wise man's wisdom was to be

unreservedly accepted. I came to see

that? such little acts of kindness and

courtesy are too frequent in our general

life to excite general notice. We see them,

are pleased. and then the matter passes

from our minds, but the unpleasant acts,

fastened in memory by our smarts as

sufferers, make the deeper impression.





I wondered whether it were not better

sometimes to suffer wrong from others

than warp our own souls by going through

life in an attitude of suspicion towards

others. To us our fellow men are what

we see in them; it is our privilege to live

in a world of traitors or pickpockets. or

a world of gods, or one of plain, every-

day, good-natured men and women.





The man who faces the world with hos-

tile sentiments toward the race, never can

find humanity‘s best side;-his very atti-

tude challenges the response of other

people‘s less lovable qualities. On the

contrary. the one expecting the best and

finest of each one, is met by a correspond-

ing treatment. Native depravity is no

more :1 race inheritance than real good-

ness of heart. Deep down in the heart of

every normal human being is a genuine

conscious or unconscious need to be good

and kind to other people. even at the cost

of some sacrifice to himself.





 





SMILE PROVOKERS.





 





“That man is a walking encyclopedia.”

“Quite so. Full of information of no

particular interest or value to anyone.”





 





Irritated Citizen—Aren't you ashamed

of yourself going about with that street

organ and leading,r such a. lazy life?





 





Street Organist—Lazy life? Why, sir,

life with me is one long daily grind.



Clancy—Oi‘m after a ticket for Chi-

cugo.



Ticket Agent—~‘l7o you want on excur-

sion ticket? One that will take you there

and buck.



Clzincyr—Phat's the sinsp of me payin’

tor go there an' back whin Oi'm here





alriddy?





 





“People who lie are always punished in;

one way or another." l



“That's right.”



“You know or incidents which bear out

my slntcment?”



“One. I used to exaggerate the size of

my fortune when talking to a girl I used

to call on before I was married.”



“And she dismvcred that you were ly-

ing and despised you ever afterward?"



“No. she married me."





 





“Lone introductions when a man has a

speech to make are u bore.” says former

Senator John C‘. Spomier. “I have had

all kinds. but the most satisfactory one in

lily career was that of a. German mayor

of a mnnil town in my state. Wisconsin.



"I was to make a political address. and

the opera house was crowded. \Vhen it

came time to begin, the mayor got up.



“ ‘Miue friends. he said. ‘I huf asked

introduce Senator Spanner. who

is to make a speech. yes. Vol], I haf dit

so, uud he vill now do ”





KINKS.





Kink l.——Three \Nord Squares.





so.’





(First Square). 1. A staff. 2. Old. 3.

\l'ant. 4. A swirl. (Second Square). 1.

Something fine. 2. A land measure. 3.

A metal. 4. To tear. (Third Square).





l. Flesh. 2.

Assistance. <1.





A Pennsylvania city. 3.





A trial.





Kink ll.—Letter Conundrums.

1. “mm letter will change a ship into

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2. \Vhat letter will change a valuable





fluid into a. sweet-smelling flower?

Prizes for Straightenlng Kinks.—To the

sender of each of the ten nearest correct

answers to all of the above Kinks we Will

give choice of a package of 50 postcards

of general interest. an imported dresser

scarf. or a. lady‘s hand bag. W‘here con-

testant or some member of ”his family is





not; a regular subscriber a year’s sub-

scription must accompany answers. An-

swers must not reach us later than





March 11 as correct solutions will be pub-

lished in issue of March 18. Address an-





 





swers to the puzzle Department, Michigan

Farmer.





 





 





FEB. 18, 1911.





Flaiuleney or Wind -

0n Stomach





As ills. Commonly Named, Means That

Decaying Food is Making Gas.





This most serious condition is very

prevalent and results most distressingly

and fatally oftentimes. The stomach in

cases of fiatulency is unable to digest

the food properly. Decay sets in, gases

form. extend the stomach, force their way

downward into the bowels, and if not

relieved it extends upward pressing

against the lungs. liver and heart, caus-i

ing shortness of breath, belching, foul

odors and many times sudden death.



Foods which are filled with gases. when

taken into a deranged 'stomach cause

flatulency rapidly, vegetables being ea-

pecially given to this quality. Against

such a. condition the stomach can do but

little, because these foul and poisonous

gases affect its glands, muscles and tis-

sues to such a degree as to incapacitate

it almost at once.



These gases distend the stomach in all

directions. preventing the contracting .

muscles from doing their regular duties.

or if they do force the gas from the stom-

ach it goes elsewhere in the system with

even more harassing results, and then the

decaying mass still remains to generate

more gases.



The most effective methods for alloying

flatulency is to'remove the cause of gas

making. An emetic will do this but ‘the

stomach will have the same trouble the

moment new food enters it.



Stuart’s Dyspepsia Tablets get at gas

food at once, digest it. prevent decay,

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where these little tablets are used. They

build up the stomach fluids so that it

matters not how many vegetables you eat

or food containing quantities of gas, the

stomach does its work Well and quickly.



Stuart's Dyspepsia Tablets are sold

everywhere and used we whole world

over by sick stomachs and stomachs that

want to eat heartily and yet not get sick.



Every druggist carries Stuart’s Dyspep-

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demand for these little digesters is con-

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and p“escribe them. Send us your name

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Stuart 00., 272 Stuart Bldg, Marshall,

Mich.





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FEB. 18, 191].

THE GATES OF BAKAPPLEIN.





(Continued from page 184).





Searls would be willing to let him come

in and help manage his affairs.



“I dunno about that,” said his com-

panion, doubtfully; “that ain’t like the

.‘Iacksons. But I ain’t afeard but that

you’ll win. The Jacksons air therrer-

tbreds, all on ’em. I didn’t yoost ter be-

lieve that thar wuz enny diff‘runce be—

tween scrubs and therrerbreds, but I

know now thar is. A therrerbred cow is

as much better‘n a scrub cow as a thern

rerbred hen is better than a scrub one.

So ‘tis with folks. Ef they ain't better,

they ort to be, and so live up ter their

breed. That’s what I‘m thinkin’ about.

yew. Yew air a, therrcrbred and some

day yew will prove yourself one. "l‘aint

havin’ money; ’taint havin’ tine cloes; it's

suthfn’ diffrunt; suthin’ in the blood, sech

as havin‘ the right kind uv a grandfather

much as cunything. Enn}.bod,\"d know

you. wuz a gentleman horned by your

appearance and sech things. so now it is

up ter yew to act like one. I ain't

preachin‘, Ned, but I want yew tcr prove

to Searls that yew air one when yew git

back. ch’vc got, ter act like a thcrrer—

bred or folks won’t believe yew air one.”



Ned laughed. “Never fear. .loe, but

that I'll prove my mettle all right. The

world is mine, now that I am my own

master,” he boasted.



The dull, dark day was settl'ng down

into an early night as they neared Vi'in-

throp. The road ran parallel to the track,

which was several feet above it on a high

bank. the opposite side of which shelved

abruptly down to a deep pond. l’assing

under a culvert the road skirted the pond

tor several rods. then bore away to the

town. the lights of which were twinkling

merrily through the mist. 'l‘hcy wct'e re-

marking that it was nearly time for the

express to come when Ned's kccn eycs

caught sight of a dark tigure lying on the

tracks. Even as his startled exclamation

rang out, old .loc saw the same object,

and with a cry of mortal terror that it

was his son, .Ioe. he leaped from the

wagon and started to his rescue.



But Ned was quicker than he.

one bound he reached the rail

sprang over it and began clamhcrinz;~ the

slippery, steep bank with his utmost

speed, though it constantly crumbled be—

neath his feet. In the distance he, heard

the shriek of the oncoming exptcss. Young

.Ioe lay directly across the track. chd-

ing every energy to the desperate climb

Ned at length reached the rails and, grab—

bing the recumbent form. tiled to pull it

into safety. Far down the wet rails

gleamed the. headlight of the fiycr. The

warning shrieks of the engine rang in his

ears; every second counted as he tugged

and tugged away with every ounce of his

strength, feeling not the slightest fear

for himself as he wrenchcd and dragged

the heavy body across the track by main

force. succeeding at last in the. final des-

perate effort with scarcely a. second to

spare as the train rushed by with every

brake set. Then, blinded by the glare of

the headlight and deafened by the rush

and roar of the engine. he staggered over

the bank with his sudden burden. and to—

gether he and young Joe crashed down

the bank to the frozen surface of the

pond.



A growth of bushes and a few stones

broke ““‘ll‘ fall, Ned saved himself from

striking the ice, but .Ioc. broke through on

the edge. The sudden splash of the cold

water ln'ought him to his senses some—

what, and as Ned pulled him back to

safety the second time he looked up dully

as his father, puffing and panting. scram—

bled down the slippery incline. “\‘Vliatsh

11D?" said yt’tung .Ioe t'hickiy_



The old man grasDed Ned‘s hand in

both of his. “Thank God,” he ejaculated.

“I could never have got thar in time. Yew

air a thcrrerbred, Ned Jackson, a thcrrcr—

bred to the backbone. and the man that

”Z 0’10 WOI‘d asin .ve in West Winthrop

will hev to answer tcw me."





“'il h





fence,





 





Chapter Xll.—Grace Amldon.



Presently, after young Joe had sobcrcd

up enough to realize his narrow escape

from a horrible death. they made their

way from the pond around to the road

and thence back to the fat old horse that

was still standing where they had left it.

Did Joe was too broken and shaky to

talk, and Ned. now that the excitement

was all ever, felt the reaction. He, too,

had been nearer death than he had ever

dreamed of being. but for all that he was

disposed to make light of his heroism.

But after they had departed homeward

he began to realize that he was sore and

bruised from his rough tumble down the

bank, and when he reached Winthrop he





THE MICHIGAN FARMER;





decided to stay there over night, delay-

ing his departure for New York until he

was himself again.



He had a little money in the bank. It

was not enough to go very far, and before

he reached the city he had begun to

wish that he had not played "smart” un-

til he had had more capital to use, for he

knew that he had but a pitiful amount

with which to embark in business.



He was suffering from an exaggerated

ego; while he was scarcely five feet eight,

and of slender build. his ego was fully six

feet and developed accordingly. He did

not doubt but that he would meet success

in his first venture. and after arriving in

the city, where he had sense enough to

secure modest lodgings, he started on a,

round of the brokcrs‘ oilicos. thinking that

such work would soon give him an insight

into the stock market. whcrc'he Conti—

(lcntly expcc‘tcd to make his fortune.



He spent two weeks in the vain quest.

No one wantcd an otlicc boy. he was laid

ctu'tly by the important individuals wit-

had charge of the. private. otliccs of v.1;

great. But he was not seeking such a

position, for he was no longer a boi';

what he wanted was to get in on two.

ground floor somewhere. but after a few

days he. began to realize the utter futile—

ncss of such an undertaking. lie bad no

backing, and he found that. his swell ap-

pearance did not go very far in securing

employmcnt. .



Then he turned his attention to sales-

manship, answering the various advertise—

ments in the daily papers; but every—

where. he went he was asked for recom—

mcnds and. not being able to produce any,

he was promptly turned down. Then he

lc-gan to gzow disheartened and cursed

his own foolishness for getting into trou—

llt- with King and with Scarls. it he had

t2-l" had enough to have. staid

where he was. but the if was in the way

and he could not hclp the past.



Living in New York was diminishing his

capital alarmingly, so :tt'tcr a month of





St‘llgt‘





 





dislicartcni:i;; search hc decitlcd to invcs—

tigaio one, of the many gttu'ich-quick

schemes with which the papers were

tilled. Iilost of them callt-d for more cap—

ital than he could invcst. but Iinally he

found a man who proved to him con~

tlusivcly that if he would go in with him

on a certain scheme. which he was about

to spring on the unsuspecting public, he

would receive a hundred pcr cent on his

investment in thrce months. For a fcw

days Ned held off, but the bait was SO

alluring that he iinally parted with his

For a few days he sat in a down—

mailing: on—





money.

town oiiice addressing and

vciopcs to people in remote towns, send-

ing out circulars relating to the wonder-

i'nl development of tllc Fortunate Star

Gold Mine, which needed but a paltry

stun to produce fabulous richcs; the poor

prople wcre to be the stockholders of this

benevolent scheme, the circulars rcad~

for at three ccnts a share they could buy

all the stock they desired.



The fraud was so apparent to Ned that

at first he could not believe anyone would

bite. but his partnerwthe promotcrwva

man who. with his slick, smooth ways,

constantly reminded Ned of a purring Cat,

assured him that they would respond. and

sptwdily at that. And he was right, for

in a short time the money began to come

into the ofiicc, small stuns illc most of

them. and as the promoter read the let-t

tcrs he chuckled over the game he was

working.



“It won't be long. boy," he said, slap--

ping Ned on his shoulder, “but that you

and I will both get our money back from





these suckers. I've worked this game

before, and I know when it is time to

quit.”





Ned laughed. ,llc felt that he was in

the way then of making money and mak—

ing it easily; but as his present iinances

were getting low, he intimated that he

would like to see a little back on his in—

vestment before long.



“Tomorrow.” said the promoter. “you

shall have it all back at a hundred per

cent profit. Then we will start some.

other scheme as soon as interest slacks

up in the Fortunate Star. It is nothing

to be squeamish about." as Ned remarked

about the delibcrate lfes with which they

were flooding the mails. “The public like

to be fooled. If we don’t do it, somebody

else will. It takes brains to make money

and those poor devils are happy thinking

they are going to get rich, so nobody is

hurt and we are on top.”



Ned wrote a. glowing letter to Merle

that night, explaining that at last he was

doing 'well. He did not go into details,

but assured her that he had found a way

to double his money by simply using his

wits. He had landed on Easy Street and

intended to stay there. '





He found it was Uneasy Street the next

morning, when on going to the office he

found it closed. A, fraud order had been

issued against the promoter, who had

unceremoniously fled, and so had Ned's

capital and all the money which the For-

tunate Star had brought in; and then,

realizing that while lending himself to a

Scheme for the robbing of others, he had





been outrageously tieeccd himself, he

thought best to keep his own counsel

about the matter «and returned to his





lodging house so crestfallen and humiliat-

ed that for awhile he was too dumfound-

cd to think clearly. Finally, when he

icalizcd that he, who had prided himself

upon his own shrewdness, had walked in-

to the trap with open eyes, his disgust

and anger at himself were measured only

by his imbecile cupidity in being trapped.



“It serves me right, serves me exactly

t'iLht.” lio (let-lured after a sleepless night.

“Hearis was tight. I am a thick—headed.

. in 4 iiml fool who thought he knew twice



A r. rm didn't know once. Now that I'm

.r; 22:31.”, avi'h less than a dollar in

in at the bottom and

. to do to earn a dollar.

‘1"“1 lx..".' warm-l in to skin others and

so! si<i;’..',-’-’.‘ r:.~..:<’. And now I reckon

coming to me. sure





l





5..., A__- 0;,

.,i





 





l'm ir. for 7;. "paw

f'iiougl".."

He felt strcr'raieizrgs smaller than usual

when he starred rt 2‘ look for work, for

he had come- tt- the pass when work he

must have i: as.

night of nicn‘al .11’!L"tf.~lt had robbed him

of the snobbisinw‘s which had dominated





his lift in fore: 1"t-1Ftll'—Itti]t‘t‘ll with which





he. had r» 21.2.!th himself as better and





more rhvi'em tIrtn the ordinary herd had

gone. for had taken severe stock of

himself ; ,d .ui come to the conclusion





that he ditl ito' know how to do one thing.

that was rm? Iabor, and do it well. and

by thc lllltc the long day of fruitless

scart-h was (n-lttl ho was bitterly rcg‘rct—





tin:~ that he was untrained and unskilled

and thnt ht had wasted every opportunity

he had ever had to learn to Work with





his hands.





He sold a few articles of jcwth'y, a

ring. a t‘ob, and scarf pin. to tide him

Day after day

l:c searched, but cvcrywhere he nr-t with

'l‘raincd workers in cvcl‘y line

wcrc needed. but there was no chance for

the novice and finally he decided to pawn

his watch. It had been his t'athcr‘s. and

it cost him a tichiciidous ct‘t'ort to part

with it, but it would furnish him means

to get away from the city. So, with the





ti\'t‘l‘ until he found work.





rcpulsc.





money he bought a ticket for a town in





the Northwest which he had read was;

. . . l

but nnng and. trusting to luck. turned his:





steps that vay.





lie was fortunate in securing work in,

lie who had scorned day labot

cl \\'w:'l\',' anything that.





a factory.

was now glad to g

was work. cvcn at a dollar a day, was

prct’crable to facing starvation and idle-

ness, for the discipline of the stress of

circumstances which he had brought upon

himself was whim‘t'ng the best part of his

nature into life.



His lcttcrs home were infrequent. He

wrote iVlcrlt; bzicilv that llc had decided

to make a change. thinking there was

better chance for a young man there

than in the city. He liojntl that she

would not mistrust that he had met with

misfortune and disappointmcnt. but she

betwccn the hints than he

wrote, ncvcr mentioned her

suspicions in ht-r letters.



After a {cw \vcoks he was suddenly dis—

chargcd from his work. \‘x'hcn he asked

for an t-\:]tl;tttzllion tlnrc was none com-

ing. He wondered tonsitlcrably over it,

«spccialiv as iic “its not able to secure

more work in that town. l’Jisturbed but

not dislicut'tcncd, ln- hit for a ncarby

place where. at‘ttrr a fcw days’ search. he

tonnd (-mpioynnnt in a machine shop.

lie liked the work and was thinking of

staying there and working his way up.

when again he was told that his services

were no longer incdcd. This time be.

pressed lllc boss for an explanation and

was told that they never employed men

who had hit shady rccortls behind them.

and then Ned kncw that the long arm of

John King had found him there. and that

wherever he went he would blacken his

character, for, as postmaster of West

\Yinthrop, he had the means of knowing

Ned's location.



This was the hardest blow that had

fallen upon the boy. He was then hon-

estly trying to learn to work. trying to

become trained in some, honest employ-

ment, so that, in time. he would be able

to rise to the top in that line at least.

He had been working in the same class

of manufacturing in which his father had

made a success—the same kind of work

hat Mr. Amidon had offered him'the





rt -ad more





though she





“-f\'.o'll to live. Ills one,





(19) 187





 





 





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e to

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188





chance to learn, which, if he had had,

sense enough to have proved himself

worthy of acceptance, would have placed

him then in the “hoof ready advance-

ment, for he knew enough about business

to know that a ”friend higher up’.’ is of

untold value to the apprentice if he is

deserving of promotion. He had lost all

desire to live by his wits; he did not plan

now to get the better of his fellows in

sharp deals; all he wanted was the chance

to become trained and earn an honest

living. so that when he had saved up

enough money he could go back to Mr.

Amidon and sk him for the position that

once might have been his.



He had left Bakapplein in the early

winter, confidently assured of immediate

prosperity by his own efforts. The spring

had found him well—nigh penniless and

anxious to leave the city; now the fall

found him discharged from honest labor

and, what was worse, the Sword of Damo-

cles was hanging over his head, suspend-

ed by the rcmorselcss force of the hatred

of John King.



The discovery that he had been fleeccd

by the very means that he was using to

fleece others, had been the making of

him. Before that he had been a conceited

boy; his adversity had also helped to de-

velop what good there was in him, and

this last crushing ‘blow had stirred the

very depths of his being. In his bitter

humiliation his thoughts turned to the

life he had formerly known; of the dream

that he had cherished of some time win-

ning Grace Amidon; and now that it

seemed an inseparable barrier had been

raised betwocn them, his longing for her

was stronger than it had been in years.

Disheartened at his prospects, he was

about to leave that town to try his luck

. in another when he was startled by hear-

ing his name called.



He looked up. A carriage had stopped

at the curbstone—a swell can‘iage from

the hotel—and in it were the objects of

his thoughts, Grace Amidon and her

father.



The blood rushed to his face. He

thought of his blackened hands, though

they were hidden in well worn gloves; he

thought of his well nigh empty pocket-

book, and he wished that he might van-

ish from their sight. Even while he hcsi-

1;ated about speaking. they were talking

to him eagerly, explaining that Merle had

written that hc was in the town and

that they had ‘l;cen looking for him. And,

before he really reulizcd what had hap-

pened. he was in the carriage with thcm

and driving to the hotel for dinner, for

they would accept no excuses.



IIis embarrassment and self-conscious-

ncss began to wcar off by the time they

had dined, and he was once more his

pleasant, cheerful self. Mr. Amidon‘s

kindly interest in his welfare, his ap—

proval of his beginning at the bottom to

learn the trade, all helped to restore ch‘s

equanimity. A self-made man himself,

Mr. Amidon had no use for young men

who did not begin at the foot themselves,

and his respect and liking for

Jackson had increased a hundredper cent,

since he had learned that he was shifting

for lliu'isclt‘. llis keen eyes had told him

that the young fellow was having dis—

couragemenis. and that the battle of life

was proving strenuous, but he liked him

all llm boltcr for the touch of adversity

ho was havingvnol that Ned spoke of it,

but the business man could rcnd belwccn

the lines-:and he knew that if there was

any good in him. any real metal. this se-

vere drubbing would bring it to life; if

tlu~rc wasn‘t. prosq'wril) would not come

to him honorably; cousl-llucnlly Mr. Ami-





(20)





young





don hoped the test would be crucial

enough to prove whellwr Ned Jackson

was a true son of his father, or not,





“i was in bones you would become a





farmer, Ned," lie said kindly. “Unless

Swirls should have a son, the form will





cx'outually fall to you as he Would not

wish it to pass out of the Jackson name,

and as you are the last of the Jacksons

it would naturally be yours. Why, that

is one of the fincst farms in New England.

and I do not sec how you could leave it.”



“I don't like farming," he answered

shortly. “In fact, there is nothing about

it I like. It is all work, drudgcry, and

hard labor. I prefer any other work than

that!" He hoped they Would not insist

on knowing why he left, but presently

Grace asked him, pointedly, why he was

not there.



““‘hy did you leave?” she persisted. as

he hesitated. “I do not even except our

own country home when I say that I

think Bakapplein is the most beautiful

place on earth. I can see it now: see all

the beautiful sweep of wooded hills, with

the valleys on every side dotted with





'lhe nclwork of telephone wires down to





THE .NnCHmAN “FARMBR;





white farm houses .‘which gleam with

lights at night, and peep from behind

groups of trees by day. With father I

have been over a good share of this coun-

try and I have never seen anything love-

lier than Bakapplein and its setting. I

could live there always!"



Ned did not ansWer. He was struggling

with the emotions her words conjured

from the depths of his being. To be with

Grace, to hear her voice, to be treated as

her equal the same as he had always

been in the old days before he had known

adversity, was kindling anew in his heart

the fires of love he had always enter-

tained for her. His face flushed and he

turned partly away. He had been a fool

to leave Bakapplein. Perhaps, if he had

stayed——



She interrupted his thoughts gently.

“You are homesick, Ned. I can see it in

your face. There is something troubling





you. Is it the ‘Heimweh?"’ she asked,

sympathetically.

”It is,“ he cried impulsively. “I have





been homesick——homesiek as a dog; but

that does not do me any good. I can't

go back.”



“Why not?" she urged, her voice and

face full of sympathy. “I wish you would

tell me, Ned. I know there is trouble.

Merle wrote me just. a little. She does

not really know, and she feels so dread-

fully ovcr your being away. Confession

is good for the soul, you know, and I

think it would do you good to tell someone

your troubles. You wish, I know, that

you had been a good boy while there

and that you had not been ashamed of

scrubbing,r the pigs’ pens." She laughed but

there was an undercurrent of earnestness

in her tones.



They were practically alone in one cor-

ner of the long parlor, for her father was

so cngrossed in his paper, at the farther

cud of the room, as to be oblivious of

their presence. Her voice was so tender

and pleading, and her pretty face so full

of genuine affection, that Ned forgot ev—

erything but the great. joy of once more

being with someone for whom he cared

and who r-arcd for him. He did not in—

tend to lcll her of his hard luck and dis-

appointments, but little by little, led on

by her adroit mu-stions, he told the whole





story, beginning with his Sharp dealings

with King. \Vbcn he had finished she





knew all, even his gelsrich-quick scheme,

and up to his discharge that morning from

the shop. llc even told her, sluiunc—i'uccd—

ly, of his spree on the ice. and the lorriblc

shock he had rcccivwl when be dragged

Joe Green from death, which had cured

him forever of any desire for drink. XVliy

be told lu-r all this he did not. know. But

thorn was something about her, something

about her girlish purity which stirred ev-

ery better impulse of his nature and as

the penilent goes to the

feeling as if he will thus purge his soul





from sin by confessiirT his misdecds, so .

, . ,, . a . . .l the close-fitting collar and lapcls; the shapely shoulders; the smooth, full coat-front; the trousers

l\cd felt that in a measure he was Wiping —





from .





his past transgressions and errors

his conscience by confessing them, un—

clpiivocally, lo Grace Amidon.



When he ll'dil finished

cycs and looked her full in the face with

a mw feeling of relief. “That is all,” he

said simply.





“I know that you are glad you have

told me,“ she answered slowly, “but there





is one thing more you must do, for you

will new-r be happy until that is done.”



“What is ii—rdie and forget it all?" he

llillcrly.



”You must pay that money back to

King,” she said, firmly.



He starcll at her in amazement. “Pay

it bat-k!" be repeated. aghast. The

thought had never occurred to him be-

fore. “Why should I pay it back?" he

demanded hotly. “King obtained it dis-

honestly. He stole one bushel in every

iwclve from the farmers. He had no

more right to it than I. I did not steal it.

You can’t steal from a thief!"





a s k ml.





“But you will become a rogue yourself

easier than you will become an

man if you do not,” she returncd, point—

edly. "ch, you must. You will never

be happy nor successful until you gel this

burden off your conscience, and until you

do this you will never be beyond the

rcach of his ‘long arm.‘ ”



He rose abruptly and, going to the win-

dow, gazed with unsccing cycs. through





the busy street. but he saw neither the

dingy, crowded trolley cars scudding

through the cold rain, nor the crowds of

hurrying pcoplc: instead he saw the white

walls of Rakapplein standing in the midst

of the well—trimmed lawn, with its pro—





tecting old trees stretching their leafy

boughs to heaven. The electric lights





were beginning to flash in the stores and





honest '





Confessional,





l





 





he raised his





FEB. 18, 1911. -





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THE JOSEPH & FEISS COMPANY





Founded 1850—0Ident American

Manufacturers of Men's Clothes





623 St. Clair Avenue, N. W. Cleveland





 





 





 





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w. .w
Figs. 18, 1911.





glimmrr in the trolley cars, for the drear,

dark titer-noon wasgiving place to an

early evening, 'but he “did not see them.

Instead he saw the lights twinkling in

the many windows of home. He saw little

Yvonne hugging Bruiser, with the faithful

Barb'ra perched in the big squirrel cage

he had rigged up for her ‘bedroom’ to

please the child. He also saw Searls and

Nell, but before them all fiitted the sweet

face of Merle, looking at him with the

same sad, anxious eyes as she did the day

he saw her last. Then the scene faded

and nothing but the clanglng cues and

wet streets were before him. He turncd

away with a shudder and met the plead-

ing, pitying eyes of the girl who was so

dear to him. “I'll do it,” he said, reso-

lutely. “just as 50011 as I can. 1 will pay

every cent back if I can ever earn it."

“Don‘t say ‘if.’ ” she cried, impulsively.

"Of course you can earn it. What is fifty





dollars? It is nothing at all. Why, you

ought to save that in a month.”

He smiled ironically. l-low little she





knew the difficulty of earning money with

unskilled hands; and how little she rccked

the chance of his being able to find em-

ployment soon. He would not trouble her

with such forebodings, as he felt sure of

himself again now that he had seen her

once more, had talked with her and had

been cheered'and encouraged by her sym-

pathy. They talked of hopeful. pleasant

things for awhile,

him to believe that once he was free from

the burden of sin which was hanging

over him like a cloud, that le would at-

tain to any li'eights he» wished. “You

know that you are 3. Jackson." she said,

appreciatively, “and you must not disap-

point your father's friends. we all look

to you to be the same kind of a man that

he was, and you will bc—just as soon as

you step back into being the straight boy

you once was. Father says temptation

comes to every one. but. after all, the

firms which endure are those that act on

the square. and what is true of firms is

true of individuals. And he also says

that it is the ‘breed which counts more

than the pasture,’ to use an agricultural

tcrm; so you must remember your breed,

cvcn if you are in pretty poor pasture

now.” she jested.



Ned's heart beat wildly.

his side he could accomplish everything.

For a moment the wild words lrcmblcd

on his lips, for he felt as if he could not

let her go out of his life without at least

one word of encouragement, but as he

tried to speak she checked him abruptly,

knew intuitively what he desired





“'ith her by





for she

to say.

“You must not





she said decisively,





think of such things,”

with a ring: of ear-

nestness in her tones; which made him

ashamed of himself. “You must put all

such thoughts away until you have made

something of yourself and won back your

past respectability. You have changed

in many w:q-s~l can soc than—there is

something munlicr about yotr than there

used to lie—more self—reliance and less—-

less i‘oppishness and evidence of the big

head—" she continued playfully yet mean-

ingly. “But there is still room for great

improvement. You like to appear a

‘swell.’ which is ridiculous in a hOy that

has to work for his living. No wonder





you do not make any friends. Why, I

would not care for a girl who. by her

dress. tricd to appear what she was not.





You must make a man of yourself and not

a dude. Throw away your cigarettes. You

are ruining your health-v) our hand trem-

blcs now—no wonder have not suc-

ceeded better, wi' ncrvcs. ruincd

by sclf-indulgcncc,” shc scvcrcly.

“Throw them away, Nt-d, part your

hair on the side: don't (-vcr purt it in the

middle again. I do not like it in anyonc.

and especially in you. And you

have done those two things you will h7l\'(‘

taken a long step ahead in being: the kind

of man that pupa. will admire."





you

such

addutl



and





w h c it





He received hcr words with good grace,

and when he parted with He Amidons

that night he was lllll‘il with new deter—

mination and hope. Acting on Mr. Ami—

don‘s advice he had dccidcd to nutkc his

way cast again, so he changed his mind

about the train on which he had planned





that morning and, instead, went on the

evening train to another place some

twenty miles eastward, where he hoped





to find employment.



A mighty resolve had shaken the very

depths of his being. He would be the

kind of a. man that Grace Amidon wished

and believed that he would be, whether he

ever won her or not. They were both

young—not a word of love had passed

between them—yet both knew each oth-

er’s feelings. He was as sure of her af-

fection for him, provided he proved him-





 





and she encouraged,





' THE M'iCI‘ilGAN FARMER.





self worthy, as he was of his love for her

«the strongest force of his being.



He put up at a hotel that night, asking

for the cheapest room, for he knew that

he must harbor every cent wisely; but

instead of feeling humiliated by sodoing

he was proud that he had at last set his

foot in the right direction. “'lth Grace's

encouragement and the inborn surety of

her love, he felt that he could do any-

thing and be anything. The mettle was

in him and he would prove his worth.





He threw his cignrvttws :way gladly,

promising himscll’ that 2-.“ would break

entirely away from lUbL:~;;-.J. Then, re—





membering her words about his hair he

changed the parting, sniil'ng to himself





He fancied he already looked more like

a man. Then, very hopeful of the fu-

ture, he went to bed to (beam of Merle

and of Grace, and both were at Bakap-

plein, awaiting his return.



(To be continued).





LITTLE ESSAYS OF FACT AND FANCY.





BY CARL S. LOVt'DEN.





 





 





Present Joys.

“If a. man knows he will sooner or later

be robbed upon a. journey, he will have a





bottle of the best in every inn, and look}

upon his extravagance as so much gained,

And, above all, wherel





upon the thieves.

instead of simply spending,

profitable investment for





he makes a

some of his





So every bit of brisk living,





when it is healthful. is just so much





gained upon the wholesale filcher, death.‘





'We shall have the less in our pockets, the

more in our stomachs, when he cries,

’Stand and deliver.’ ”



The above is an extract from a. book.

“An Inland Voyage,” the author of which

is Robert Louis Stevenson, who was an

invalid but who lived life courageously.

He did not know at what hour he would

be taken by death, and so while he had

life he made the most of it.



There is an old philosophy, “.:]at, drink,

and be merry, for tomorrow you may

die.” The ancients were too extreme.

They lived riotiously, and by their cx-

travagances shortened that which they

meant to enjoy to its fullest—lite.



A sixtecnth century poet, Rolwrt Hor-

I‘lt‘k, 'wrote a bit of poetic fancy Hat. (:on—

tains so much truth it will never die. It

is just this: “lather yo rosebuds while

ye may, for old timc is still a—fiyini;." And

speaking of rosebuds reminds of flowers

and the silly custom of flower tributes

for the dead. It is a poor kind of respect,

it seems to. me, that will only show itself

when the person for which it is meant is

dead and cannot sce or hear.



Says some writcr about one type of

present joys: “An aspiration is tt joy for—

ever, 21 possession as solid as a Iandcd

cstate, a fortune which we can never ex-

haust and which gives us, your by year,

a revenue of pleasant activity. To have

many of those is to be spiritually rich."



About present joys or being happy 2.

prose writer (loci-arcs: “A happy man or

woman is a better thing to find than a

five—pound note. He or she is it radiating

focus of good will, and their entrance in-

to a room is as if another candle ha‘d

bccn lighted. We

11195’ could prove the forty~sevcnth propri—

sitiou they do a better thing than that,

for they practically demonstrate the great

thcorem of the Livoablcncss of Life."



The same author says further: “His

was, indccd, a good influence in life whilc





he was still among us; he had 21. fresh

laugh; it did you good to see him; and





however sad he may have been at heart,

he always bore a bold and cheerful

cotmlnance."





1 don't know who the person referred to

by the author is. but evidently while he1

was among,r his friends he cnjoycd life in,





tho present, and caused others to have

prcscnt. HOW noble it must be to

radiate happiness!





joys.





RETURN, OH GOLDEN DAYS.





BY RUTH RAYMOND.





'lli‘lurn, Oh golden days, return,



\thn lifc was full of youth’s delight,

“’hcn flowcrs wcrc blooming,r bv the way

‘ And overhead the skics \vcrc'bright;

\N'hcn welcome was the curly dawn,



So full of joy, so free from care.

in the door home whore fricnds were true



And mother with her smile was there.





lcturn, 0h golden days, return!

lring buck the peace naught could de-

slroy.

'l‘hc earnest effort for the good

“'ith simple longings of the boy.

The hope that as a guiding star

Still beckoned to the mountains fair.

While greed and hate were all unknown

And mother with her love was there.





 





. the average sale, but theiegulanpiano

. , dealer has a lot of money tied up in his

at the change it made in his appearance,‘





. community.





_, want men and women

money when it will be out of risk of loss. '





especially j





' devote all your time to the business.





(21)





189





I’ll Make $72,000 This Year

on Pianos. 1 don’t make much

on Each Piano, but I Sell a Lot of Them,

or, rather, My Agents Sell Them for Me





with delicate touch and most responsive

action—a piano that delights everyone

who plays it or hears it. Everé modern

improvement is found in the banning

and it is guaranteed absolutely by my

iron-clad, binding 10~year guarantee.

Ever since pianos have been made they

have been sold on the installment plan at

outrageous prices—and that’s the way

most pianos are sold now. The mail—order,

“easy payment” piano houses let you pay

. _ _ _, a: you go along but they hep

‘4' " ' , you going on'untll you have

‘ paid for piano thce over,

and helped make up their

losses on other people be-

sides. That's all that

“easy payments” mean.

You can buy almost any

make of piano. zxrtpt the

Charming, on any terms of

long payment you want.

but you Will pay two or

three times honest value

of the instrument. and not

get the real piano value

then that you get when

you buy a Charming.





30 Days’

Free Trial





No one can buyr a Chan-



. ning on long time, but

' ~ any responSible person

CHANNING 2 can have it for $0Odays'

l'anoe made in Genuine ' '-‘ tree trial. Put lt_l‘lght in

Mahogany, Oak & Walnut Cam your home. play it every

. day. have your mustcian



friends play it. put It to every good piano test.

If you don’t want to keep it you can send it

back at my expense, oryou can keep it. pro-

tected by my ten year guarantee. for onl $185.





N agent makes more money on Chan-

A ning Pianos than I do—I only make

afewdollarsandm agentsmake$35.



M] profit is a ”null pro t for a manufac-

turer. My ngents’ profit is a. fair, honest

profit for a selling agent. The retail

piano :tar: makes about $150 or $200 on





business and has to pay store rent, clerk

hire, and “carry” accounts besides. My

agents invest not/ling,

and have no expenses,

and their profits come

easily because Chan-

ning Pianos sell easily.



My agents make a

lot of money. All of

them average one piano

3. week. Some sell one

every day; but one a

week makes $35 per

weekfor you and that’s

a pretty good salary.





And I Want

More Agents





I want one in every

I simply





 





of good standing

among their neighbors

and acquaintances, and to such men and

women I will make an offer that will

bring them hundreds of dollars a year,





' perhaps thousands of dollars. You do terlrfitigl; “iii”;fgfigvgvoagtirét.rgémfgggg2",:

' 7 ' ' v . . S

“Ot h‘l‘e to be a mustClan. You do not discount of $35 on the first instrument you





order. and same discount on all future orders.

Write me for trial order blanks and detail de-

scription of the Charming Piano. at once, so

your territory can be assigned near your home,

Farmers. their sons and daughters, school

teachers. ministers and others make big money

selling Charming Pianos. Get thczigency in

your community and you can do the some.

PIANO PROFIT COUPON

Harold E. Watson, Dept. K

39 Jackson Blvd. Chicago |

Send mo at once your trial I'll‘llt‘l' blanks and .

all information about (banning l’luuo Agonts’ l’lun .





need experience. You do not need to



Because of our vast Output and because

I sell practically at cash (on 30 days trial),

with no expense of carrying a credit de-

partment and handling installment pay—

ments, I am able to sell to the Customer

direct, through my agents, a





Beautiful Ghanning Piano

For $185





 





 





 





lhe Cliannlng is worth every cent of Name :



. . . .



$400, if sold in the usual way. It is a fine ; .

full-toned instrument—rich, pure tone— LAddress :





 





De arlment K .

39 Jan: son Blvd.. Chicago





HAROLD E. WATSON, Mfr.





 





 





 





 





do not care whclhcr





 





no mun noun—no nnosn—uo onuunous





 

 





30 DAYS FREE TRIAL





Take this machine into your home: use it as your own: try all its attachments an

all we claim for it in every respect: it it is not; handsomcr, better made, more. mg;laitrlglnogrfgair‘ftli};

does not do better work than any machine three times its price, we will take it. back and you will not.

be put; to any expense whatever. 111 it. a. month absolutely free; then. if satisfied, pay us only





2 no A MONT Think 0‘ in Less than other hiifl’l'

. “dc machines rent for.





Formerly sold through dealers and agents for $45150 $5. Now offered

direct from our factory to you on easy payments at, about one-third Its old

price. We have cut on our wholesalers. Jobbers. dealers; and agents. giving

you their profit ‘ ,_ —:





snvaeztmormsaoo





by buyln from the only manufacturers in

the Wot] who sell high-grade sewing ma-

chines direct from factory to family. Itcosts

you less to buy the king than to rcnt any

other high-grade machine from a duller or -

agent. The King u on the gold medal, first. _

rize, hlqhest award at the Alaska—Yukon _

‘xposition. Thejudccsotllciallydcclarcd it,

to be "Tthorld‘s Best. Sewm Machine."





OUR 20-YEAR G ARAM





EE meonsifthe machine proves defecb- _ .

ive in material or workmanshl dur- .

log 20 yearsoi service we will replaccl with

another machine or refund your money.





THIS PERFECT MACHIN E



is strictly ball-bearing: has the newest drop head

automaticlift:iscasyrunningand sewsapcrfcctlock

stitch. Among the operations it performs are 1101080-

able hemmlng. hemmlng and sewing on lace, the

French scam. frillinrz. tucking. binding. the French

fold. braiding, rim-nine. quilting. ruffling, planing.

rutfilnz between two bands, edge stitching and piping

and shitting. We pogltlvcly guaranteethat this mar<

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duplicated by the attachments of any other family

sewing. machine in the world. The machine is com-

plete and includes all the attachments. Write for illustrated catalogue giving complete descriptions;





KING SEWING MACHINE 00.. 702 RANO ST... BUFFALO, NEW YORK





   

 

 





 

 





I

I





   

   

 

 

 





 

 

 

 





   

 

   

 





 





 





Shaving a Pleasure With This Razor





 





They are made especially for Michigan

Furnn-r, of the; finest Steel that can be

put in a razor. 'l‘hcy roach you all rcady

to begin action. Some dealers would

charge you $2.50 for a razor no better.

_ Each razor fully guaranteed. 'l‘hcrc can be

m a razor, regardless of price. Oncc over will make your face

We are enthusiastic about thcm bccnusc we use one and



Order one at Once, 750 postage paid; 100 cirtra if regis-





Don’t let the low price scare you.





nothing better

as smooth as a baby's.

know whereof we speak.





tured. Mentifin Premium No.174. With The Farmer one year, $1.50; .‘l years,

$150; 5 years. $3.25. Address all orders to THE MICHIGAN FARMER, Detrolt.
190 (22) ’ ~





 





 





 





 





 





 





Woman





 





‘734‘4





 





 





fr fig V3





/





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





FEB. 18, 1914.





 





 





 





 





£1113 Her Need





At Home £1110 Elts'ewf] ere





 





 





 





 





 





 





A LESSON‘IN HAND-MADE RUGS.





By GILBERTA HOLT





0 be really up—to-date. now a days,,





a home must boast of sonic article



of handcraft. Just at present the

hand-woven rag rug, or silk hand—wot'en

portiere seems to be most popular. Very

recently these rugs have been developed

by additions of fancy borders until their

manufacture in the home would at first

glance seem out of the question. On

closer study, however, it is easy to follow

themunner in which these new ideas

'were introduced. . _



But why confine onc's attention to only

the rag rugs? Once the principles of

weaving are understood, possibilities open

out in long vistas. so far reaching as to

go back to even the orinctal rugs. which

in the far cast are mare on primitive

hand looms.



I began my rug making with what is

known as tlte New l‘lngland hook rug.

This rug is simple in construction. but

can be made into a thing of great beauty.

The foundation is of burlap, the common

coarser 'aricty such as is (titt'll used for

potato sacks or in packing I'tuniturc.



My fiist hook rug was made two by

three feet. I made a wooden frame, three

by six feet. An old window frame could

be used for small rugs. Over the frame

I tacked my burlap securely. when the

burlap was taut. l outlined my pattern

upon it in India ink with a small sized

paint brush. This was my first attempt

at rug making and at that time I kntw

very little of the art side of rug making

and so made my design very simple. The

background was red, with a border design

in black. I decided upon a ltonian key,

possibly because that was the only

straight line design which came into my

head. It wasn‘t long, however, before my

interest in the work led me to study into

design and the arpropriatcncss of the one

chosen, soon came to be of grave consid—

eration.



This pattern was measured with a rul-

cr, which, of course, is not artistic from

a. certain standpoint: but it made a pretty

rug. I first drew the pattern on paper,

then when the measurements were cor-

rect, I transferred it to the burlap with

the ink, as already explained. Then I

put. in the black yarn, following the de—

sign. To do this, hold the yarn on the

under side of the burlap in the frame,

then with a good sized bone or wooden

crochet needle, hook the yarn up through

the coarse meshes of the burlap; pull it





up so it stands up above the surface of

the. right side about half an inch. “flien

the pattern (whether it be border or cen-

ter figure), is finished, hook the back-

und through in the same manner.



“hen the hooking through is completed,

the really hard part or this type of rug

making begins. ., It must be sheared or

shaved down. A pair of small sheep

shears or large tailors‘ shears can be used

for this. The long looped ends must be

tut down until the surface is smooth and

soft; then take ottt the tacks which hold

t':ie rug in the frame and finish the ends.

This may be done either by binding the

tnds with wide tape, or by sewing over

and over with heavy yarn. Hf course

this way of making a rug can not, strictly

speakin", bet-allcd weaving, but it is a

much more rapid process and the result

is most attractive.



The Navajo blankets or rugs can be

woven the same way as the rag rugs, but

they take a little longer and call for some

knowledge of design. As a. beginning in

weaving, after making the hook rug. I

trit-d the blue and white rag rugs.



Itly liz'st loom was a very primitive af—

iair, bttt this (lid not discourage me for

s'o were all early looms. In fact, those of

the Navajo lndians of the present day

are only tree limbs nailed or bound to—

gether with thongs of leather. I made my

first loom myself, on practically the same

lines as the frame for the hook rug, only

larger. Then 1 bored two rows of holes

across the top and the bottom to hold the.

warp thread, the two rows of holes alter—

nating, as in the illustration. Then 1

strung the loom with good. strong, blue

linen weaving twine. I made this warp

just as firm and taut as I could, then I

began weaving with blue and white car—

pet rags which 1 had alreadysewed.



Just one word about sewing carpet rags.

It is a common belief that if the rags are

cut of nearly the same width and sewed

any way. just so they will stay together.

that is all that is necessary. To really

make a good looking rug; or carpet, the

strips of cloth should be exactly the same

width. the ends evenly joined. then sewed

over and over firmly. The difference in

the appearance in the finished article will

amply repay for the extra time and care

put into the preliminaries.



After my rags were sewed, I wound

them on a shuttle. My first shuttle was

a bit of thin board upon which a fish line





 





 





 





 





 





Navajo Blanket or Rug.





had come from the store. One could

readily be made from a thin piece of

board with a sharp jack knife. The weav-

ing was the simplest form of straight:

ahead weaving. over one warp thread and

under the next. But one must remember

to push each succeeding row of woven

rags up firmly against the one preceding it,



Later, to expedite the weaving and also

as an aid in pushing the rows of rags





ms of which they were composed. is an

essential in weaving the different types of

carpet rugs and blankets. In this study

I discovered that the genuine Navajo.

those made by the Indians. do not contain

either blue or green in them. The only

r-oiors found in the old genuine hand-

made Navajos are red. black. white. grey

and orange. And the designs found in

them invariobly partake or geometric fit,—





 





A New England Hook Rug.





close together, I made a heddle of bass

wood. lts length was determined by the

width of my loom: it was about 10 or 12

inches high by about an eighth of an inch

in thickness, with heirs and slits alter-

nating. The warp cord or twine must





 





 





Shuttle.



pass through this heddle. To string tip a

loom. fasten the warp cord at one end of

the loom, pass it through the first hole in

the upper row of holes, then through the

first hole in the hcddle down to the lower

row at opposite end of loom, then into the

tirst hole in upper row at that end, then

into first hole of lower row back through

the first slit in the. heddlc to the end of

loom at which tl e threading began. Coti—

tinue in this manner until the loom is

cornplt-tt’ly strung. with the heddle be-

tween thc two ends of loom.



This heddle simplifies the weaving of

the slow process of “over one. under one.”

With it~ it is only necessary to raise the

heddlt- with one hand while with the other

the shuttle is easily passed through the

warp thrtads which. by the raising and

lowering of the heddle are pushed to dif—

ferent levels.



\\‘hcn this rug was finished, I took it out

of the loom, tied the ends of the warp.

bound them down by sewing over and

over. For this sewing I used a narrow

strip of the carpet rags as thread. TO

complete the rt g, 1 made a fringe at each

end of blue and white weaving twine.



Later I made a Navajo blanket on a

similar loom only of larger size. It was

an exact copy of a blanket made by a

Navajo squaw at the “Torld’s Fair. I

used white cotton weaving twine for the

warp. The rug or blanket was woven of

heavy grey knitting jarn, goat's wool

yarn, when it can be procured, is best.

The pattern in this blanket was quite

correct, for by the time I started to weave

it, 1 had become so interested in the work

that I had studied the meaning of design

and the particular colors employed in the

construction of different ones.



An understanding of design and the col-





ures only. No curves or flowing figures

should be employed in building up a de-

sign for a Navajo blanket. The art of de-

sign and the fundamental ideas from

which patterns grow is quite a study, but

many hints are to be found in any of the

d’stinctly women's or household maga-

zines.



in this instance I decided upon a design

which would be both simple and yet ap—

propriate; then I drewit on checked pa-

per, which can be procured of any kin—

tlcrgarten supply house. The squares of

the paper help to keep the pattern in

tounds. \I’licn my pattern was complet-

ed, 1 lightly drew straight lilies over it to

indicate the warp threads; tints by count—

ing threads in the pattern. then those on

the loom, i could tell exactly where a

certain color was to be introduced. I

would knot the required color to my main

weft thread and weave over or under as

many threads of the warp as my pattern





’t r





 





 





 





i





ll It ,.





Heddle.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





indicated, then break off the weft thread,

retie the background thread and continue

as design required.



The patterns of houses trees. children.

sitc., which are being woven into the rag

rugs just now can be done in the same

manner as that indicated for making the

design in the Navajo blanket. It requires

an infinite amount of patience, a great

deal of time and sure and nimble fingers

in sewing the right color in at the right

thread and wher. it is accomplished the

result hardly repays for the extra time

and pains necessary to produce it.



All these home-made rugs are attrac-

tive, comparatively inexpensive and fas—

cinating to make. but they require time

and patience. None, however, calls for

so much of either as the Oriental rug, and

these rugs are not really woven but tied.

Each individual thread is tied or knotted.

several thousand knots to a square incl.





 

 





 





 





 





H

m

tl’i
{‘





we.» r x”.





 





 





 





FEB. 18, 1911. ,

or warp. Think of the, thae'and‘ persever—

ance to ‘mufactun a rug of any size!



Before attempting an. oriental mg. a

thorough understanding 'of' design is ab-

solutely essential. " The“ patterns are, to

the western mind. so intricate and the

color schemes so bewilderingly beautiful

that one would hesitate before attempting

so colossal an undertaking. Yet it could

be accomplished for the actual process is

really quite simple.



The warp threads are strung into the

loom the same as for any other rug. Some

of the handsomest Persian rugs are wov-

en on cotton warp. When the loom is

ready and the pattern decided upon. the





 





 





 





 





 





O . o o o C





 





 





 





L00m Showing Holes Through which to

Lace the Warp Cords.





knotting begins. The short length of the

weft material, it may be either wool or

silk, is doubled, passed under the first

warp cord, the looped end passed up be-

tween the two wurp threads, then the two

open ends are passed over the warp

thread through the looped end then drown

tight, knotted thus about the warp

thread. The two loose ends are left up—

standing until the innumerable knots are

all tied and then the whole rug is sheared

down to a smooth surface in the some

manner as that employed for the hook

rug.

IS YOUR FOOD OVER-DONE?

No. 36.





BY NIRS. ALTA L. LITTELL.





1





“Done just to a turn.‘ Plow many times

we have come across the phrase in a story

book and given little thought to the mean-

ing from a culinary standpoint. But

when we eat the underdone or overdone

food of a careless we wonder if

“half-cooked” or “Cooked to a crisp” is

not more often description of the average

cooking.



We are apt to think. if we think about

it at all, that it is impossible to err on

the side of too much cooking. or at least,

that if food is cooked a little too long it

will not be lndigestible. But many foods

are rendered as difficult of digestion by

too much cooking as they would be if

they were served uncooked. A time table

giving the length of time for cooking most

vegetables and meats is of great value

to the cook.



Young cabbage should take but 25 or

30 minutes; old cabbage three‘quarters of

an hour. Cauliflower 20 or 25 minutes.

Brussels sprouts, 20 minutes. Spinach, 15

or 20 minutes Fresh asparagus should

cook in 15 minutes if tender. If not, a

half hour should cook it. Green peas

should be cooked until tender but as the

age of the vegetable varies so no definite

time can be stated. However, the green

color should remain when they are

through cooking. If it is destroyed the

pens are overdone. Green beans take 40

or 4-5 minutes. They should always have

the first water drained off and fresh put

on after boiling 15 or 20 minutes. Young

turnips take 30 minutes; V'intcr ones

from three—quarters of an hour to an hour.

Young carrots take 30 minutes, old ones

45. Young parsnips 35 minutes: old ones

45. Salsify, or vegetable oysters. should

boil 35 minutes. Young beets should cook

in an hour Old ones take much longer,

sometimes four hours being required to

make them tender. Kohl-rnbi takes from

a half hour to 50 minutes. Onions require

about 50 minutes. Tomatoes require about

a half hour. Squash requires about an

hour of steaming or baking. Green corn

requires from 10 to 15 minutes. Rice is

best cooked slowly for an hour and 20

minutes.



In cooking meats the length of time de-

pends upon the size of the cut of meat,

the rule being to allow a certain number

'of minutes to the pound. A rib roast of





('Onk





THE MiCHIGAN' FA,RMER.





beef fakes from 12 to 15 minutes if liked





rare and about 20 minutes if desired well

done. .Rare leg of mutton takes ten min-

utes; well-done, 14 minutes. Lamb. which

should always be well-done, takes 18 or

20 minutes and veal the same length of

time. Pork requires 20 minutes; chicken

takes 15 minutes if tender, and longer if‘

an older bird. Turkey requires from 15

to 20 minutes to the pound and goose a

little less. Steak should be ‘brolled or

fried about 10 minutes. Mutton chops





should 'be broiled or fried about eight

minutes.’ Veal cutlets require ten min-

utes. Pork chop should be cooked slowly





until thoroughly done, about 45 minutes.

Sausage should also be cooked slowly for

about an equal length of time. Boson

should be cooked only until it begins 'to

look clear. Ham should be cooked for five

hours or more, whether baked or boiled.

Ducks should be cooked an hour or more,

depending upon the size.





DANGEROUS ECONOMY.





 





BY HILDA RICHMOND.



Almost every housekeeper has her pet

economy and nothing short of a household

disaster keeps her from holding to it

firmly. With some ladies the economy

takes the form of intelligent saving that

does not injure the health, ‘nor take up

too much time, while others recklessly

“save,” as they term it. without regard

to anything but the putting away of a.

little more money. There are sensible

economies and foolish ones, and there are

also methods of saving that are positively

dangerous. It should not be hard to con-

Vince any housekeeper of a practice that

emlangers her own health and the well-

bcing of her family, but just try it some





day with one of these “joined to their

idols“ beings and see what you get.





* * 11



One housekeeper who prided herself up-

on her schemes for saving was in the

habit of drawing a clean cloth through

holes in her milk polls and other kitchen

utensils, and then neatly trimming the

goods off inside and out. For the nrst

time everything went well, but after that

the stalt- milk and the water in which the

vessels \vcrc washed formed a sort. of curd

on the rag that grew more. and more un-

clean each time it was washed. Yet that

wmnan prided herself on her ncatncss,

and no one could convince, her that; milk

from such pails was bound to 1w. impure.

Anyone can imagine what a combination

soapsuds and milk will make in hot

weather. but she used her pails wcck in

and week out only renewing the cloths

when one dropped out accidentally.



II! II 1!



Another saving housekeeper kr-pt every

granite pan, no matter how chipped and

spoiled they were, and cooked in them un-

til the family physician traced a case of





poisoning to her habit of economy. She

had heard that tomatoes Or other acid

things should never be cooked in defec-





tive granitewarc, but had set it down as

a scheme on the part of the manufactur-

ers to sell more goods. The money it:

took to restore the invalid to health would

have completely stocked several kitchens

with first-class cooking utensils. It is

positively dangerous to use. kettles and

pans with the granite or enamel chipped

off, for cooking, unless it be for such

things as boiling potatoes in their skins.

Cooking utensils are so cheap nowadays.

that surely any woman can afford a sup-

ply of new ones when the old ones wear

out.



The habit of holding,r on to broken glass





onus is another thing that is extremely

dangerous. A very badly cracked jar or





pitcher is used for holding some dry food,





and the housewife congratulates herself





on her economical ways. But accident

after accident has happened in such in-

stances t‘rom lgllt'li‘llllCO in handling the





frail things. A child picks up the broken

can and does not handle it carefully

enough, so the result is a pair of wouruled

hands from broken glass. Perhaps the

man of the house must, in an emergency.

Use. the broken jar. and being stronger

than his wife he screws on the top with

unnecessary force. The can goes to pieces

in his hands and a physician must pick

out the splintered glass. Even the ladies

are not immune from these awidenls. one

busy Wife and mother was laid up in har—

vest with hands badly laceratcd from us-

ing a badly cracked can. The best place

for broken glass is in a trench several

feet under ground where it will never dis-

turb anybody.



One very often overlooked fact about

using broken utensils and clumsy. old-

fashioned things from a mistaken notion

of economy is the fact that it discourages

the girls of the family from learning to





cook and keep house. Give a girl a five-

cent measuring cup, 8. good mixing bowl,

shining tins and plenty of spoons and

utensils and she will delight; to cook, but

put her off with a lard pail with a cloth

drawn in a hole in it for 'a mixing bowl,

8. black iron spoon, a broken cup and pie

pans to bake her cake in, and she will

balk at the task every time. Many ladies

empty the dishpan in order to mix the

bread, when 25 cents will prOVide a bowl

or pun that will last for years for bread

alone, and in every branch of kitchen

work there are doubtful economies pram

tit-ed all over the land. To be a g00d

housekeeper a woman must have g00d

utensils. and while she may use poor ones

in the interest of the savings' account,

the. average mother will discover that her

daughter hates kitchen work under such

circumstances.

it: :I a



It takes real heroism for some ladies to

throw away the broken cups, the leaking

wash tubs. the wornout pans and kettles

and the cracked fruit jars, 'but for the

sake of health and happiness it should be

done. One accident Or one case Of poison-

ing, while perhaps not fatal, would cost

enough to buy every needed utensil, so do

not wait until your yet economy becomes

a menace. to the health, but dispose of it

at once. Better do with fewer clothes or

fewer pleasures, if necessary, than to en-

danger life and health. There are few.

very few. households in the country that

can not afford plenty of good things for

the kftclu-n in the shape of conveniences

and necessities, and usually where the

defective articles are used it is from a

mistaken notion of economy. '





BLESSlNGS ON'THE PAPER

PATTERN.





 





What a blessing the little tissue paper

pattern has been to girlhood and woman-

hood, only she. who remembers the suffer-





ings over the dresses of her cliildhood’cani





appreciate. One pattern usually sufllccd

a neighborhood. being loaned from house

to house, and every girl, fat or thin. tall

or short, had to fit herself to it. individ-

uality in dress was a thing not to be

thought of unless one’s mother was a

genius, and few mothers who had all the

cooking and sewing to do for the good

old-fashioned families had

geniuses. \l'hut panes of humbled pride

were. suffered by our mothers in their

girlhood, we of the present day can never

guess, for the advent of cheap





suit her own style lllltl iznlividuality. that!

is, if she is clover enough to do her own?

sewing.



Allt], really, it I:ll{".“ \‘-|:‘\.’ little Clever-

ness with the modern p.tttcl'n. YOU buy

a pullcrn which tits and it'll instructions

come with it as to how to lay it on the

goods to cut out the garment and how to;

put it togollu-z' zlt'wa' it is wilt our. ,



I’roba'blv uomen whoiy

really never cullll lelru to sew, but the

average woman can lcurn enough to make

most of her gul'lttt‘lllh' if silo has the will.



Then there is; the possibility of having

high-primal garniwuls at a little expendi-

ture, if you lit) the work yourself. Just

its an illuslrn inn 1 saw a nmclc—up “lud—

ics’ combination,” like the ll'lichigan

Farmer lltllll‘l'l‘. published recently, for

\Vllit‘h $11) luslt-arl (if being

made. ol‘ (tinlu'uidr-rv it was made of mus—

lin and val lawn Th" muslin could have

been bought for 1': conts a yard and the

love. for u nirklc a ,\.'.:i':l, so that the actual

Misti of thu :znl‘llicul must have been

nun/h loss than Still. \l'ilh (t l: cont pat-

tern, the oxpml nowllcwonmn might have

had tho :wIIlllw curmwul for about $2.50,





thorn :ll'l‘





.‘wuxllt'





i





was :lx‘lunl.





 





lgiOW TO REMlT FOR PUBLIC DOCU-‘

MENTS.



All public :lowumouts are sold either at

1':le vents ul' l mult:plc of that sum. Per-

Nor is it

a money





sonal z-hcuks are not :wcoptcd.

purchase.





always convenient to

nhzle thcrw is a risk in scruliug

('ush remittanr-l-H. To meet these drawn

bucks in pun-busing }_‘,'t')\'Cl'lll’llF.‘llt publica-

thins, it has been decided to furnish cou-

pons, in M‘ls of twenty. for one dollar a

set, which are cowl until used. Buyers

of 1)11l)|i{‘ dm-uinnuts will find the use of!

these, coupons the most convenient and

tho safest way of remitting the amount

of their purchases. Address all orders for

coupons to the Superintendent of Docu-

ments. Government Printing Office. Re-

mittances can alSO be made by postal

money order, express money order, or

New York draft: currency at sender‘s

risk. Checks must be certified. Postage

stamps, foreign money, or worn coin will





mulel‘.





time to be;





patterns.

has made it possible for every Woman to;





(23)





191





WWW

Try This H ome-Made

Caugh Remedy





 





'Costs Little, But Does the Work

Quickly, or Money Refunded..





WWWWW





-Mix one pint of granulated sugar with

1/2 pint of warm water. and stir for 2

minutes. Put 21/5 ounces of Pinex (fifty

cents’ worth) in a. pint bottle; then add

the Sugar Syrup. Take a teaspoonful

every one, two or three hours.



You will find that this simple remedy

takes hold of a cough more quickly than

anything else you ever used. USually

ends a deep-seated cough ins'de of 24

hours. Splendid, too, for whooping cough,

chest pains, bronchitis and other throat

troubles. It stimulates the appetite and

is slightly laxative, which helps end a

cough.



This recipe makes more and better

cough syrup than you could buy readv-

made for $2.50. It keeps perfectly and

tastes pleasant.



Pinex is the most valuable concentratu

cd compound of Norway white pine ex-

tract, and is rich in guiaicol and all the

natural pine elements which are so heat—

ing to the’membranes. Other prepara-

tions will not work in this formula.



This plan of making cough syrup with

Pinex and Sugar Syrup (or strained hon-

ey) has proven so popular throughout the

United States and Canada, that it is often

imitated. But the old, successful formula

has never been cqualled.‘



A guarantee of absolute satisfaction, or

money promptly refunded, gow; with this

recipe. Your clruggist has Pinex or will

get it for you. If not, send to The Pine}:

Co, 232 Main St., Ft. VVnyne, Ind.





This Free Book

Will Save You

$20.00 a Year





I want to tell you all about

my Celebrated Steel Shoes—why

one pair will outwear six pairs of :

leather shoes-how a pair will

give you more foot-comfort than you ever

had in your life. How they will keep your feet

powder-dry all the time. How light and com-

fortable they are the your around.



I have told halt a million othcr.-.



these tacts. They have bought



steel shoes of me and saved

million 4 of dollars among them.



More than thaw—they can be on



their ice: all (lukut any work,

without tmt fatigue. And they

have gained health protection.





 





 

 

 





 





l

l

i

i .





     





N.M‘.RUT.HST‘EIIN p ‘evcnt rheumatism, sciatica.

Tl” “WNW ‘1” lutnbago, lame. back and other





l tr ntbles caused by wet feet. I

’ want to show you the way to avoid these

‘ dangers and at. such troubles as tender feet,





corns. bunions, ( hilblains, and at the same

time show you a saving of $20 a year in

actual money on account of the extra

wear you get from my shoes.

Will you write me a postal to—

day and get full particulars?

Let me send you this free book

of mine by return mail.

Address





Ruthstein

The Steel Shoe Man

1 05 Seventh St.





1





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





DON'T PAY TWO PRICES

_ . FOR STOVES 8: RANGES.

You Save $18.00 to $22.00 on '





Hoosier

Ranges

Héaters.





Why not buy the best when

you can buy them at such low.

unheard-of Factory Prices. -

Hoosier Stoves and Ranges are

delivered for you to use in your

own home 30 days free before

F2“ buy. A written guarantee with each swve





 

   





.. p...





 





   

 

 

 





—-'j-__.»





t r . ,

,4 w .431

‘v





   





 





cked by a. Million Dollars. Our new 1911 improve-



ments on stoves absolutely surpass anything ever

produced. Send postal today to: free catalog.

.' BOOSIER STOVE FACTORY ,



I 30‘ State Street. Manon. Indian.





BUILDING

MATERIAL





for houses, barn!

and farm build-

ings of every de-

scription. Stands

greater \veight,and

is cheaper than

brick, stone or ce-

“ ment. Send for

estimates. Snub

plea sent free,

freight prepaid.



Sold only in

. car loads. Write





' ll.B.lIamnCo.





Fulton Bldg"

Pittsbutg. Penna





 





 





 





 





No. 2 Multiple

Conduit





 

 

 





 





 





   





HARTSHORN

SHADE ROLLERS





Bear the script name of

Stewart liartshorn on label.

Get " Improved," no tacks required.





Wood Rollers ’l‘ in Rollers

ALWAYS mention the MICHIGAN FARMER





 





 





not be accepted.





when vou are writhig to advertisers.
(24)





192





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





“WHAT IS T311133 [up FORME?”





‘c‘rI-IAT has became of the free.—

hearted. openhanded American



whowas the typical hero a. couple

of decades ago?" Time was, when to be a

hero of any pretensions at all a man must

be generous to a fault, hospitable to the

extent of keepEng open house day and

night for everyone who chanced along,

hearty jovial, a good spender and a bone.

factor to the needy. \Vere any in need

of help. financially or otherwise, all that

was necessary was to let his wants be

known and our hero sprang forward to

help him. This was the hero of polite

fiction. and he must have been the hero

of real life since our novelists are fond





of telling us they draw their pictures

from nature.

Ilut the present day hero has changed





housing the

without





no longer

to the needy





somewhat. He is

traveler nor giving

an investigation. Instead of taking ev-

eryone at their own valuation he is a

keen, shrewd business man who looks ev-

eryone ovcr carefully before making a.

single move to get acquainted. The trav-

eler. who doesn‘t look as if he could pay

his bills. is sent to the iolite station 01

a ten cent mission for a lodging. and the

is recommended to the poor com-

Salvation Army. Our

hero's eye has changed from the open,

frank, merry one of our father‘s day, to

the “hard, cold. gray. pcnetrating eye" of

present day “masters of finance."

“K it: a





],(.gn'-31

mission or the





same subtle change has takrn place

“'0. are no longer ready and

another. Instead of

do for my fellow—

calmly and ask.

“\\'l1at is there in it for me?” If there

doesn't seem to be anything in it in dol-

lars and cents we remark. "\Vcll. they've

got their nerve. Expect me to help them

for nothing." And a fine scorn iills us as

we marvel over the audacity of one hu—

man being who expects help from another

vithout showing that he can do something

in return.



‘Vc have all become sordfl. Greed for

the Almighty American dollar has filled

our souls to the cxclusimro the spirit of

charity and helpfulness. M'e may have





The

in everyone.

eager to help

asking. ”What

man?" we sit





one

can I

back





shown, but we have

it on unless we

the children are





had many a ~kindness

no intention of passing

get paid for it. Even

tainted. When I was a child I was ex-

pected to run errands for any neighbor

who might ask me, without hope of pay.

Had I even hinted at expecting a cent for

an errand I would have been lectured on

the sin of avarice for an hour and then

compelled to learn the beatitudes and

write the golden rule one hundred times.

Now I darcn‘t ask a neighbor‘s child to

bring me a clothcspin without having ten

cents ready to pay him for his trouble.





But, then, the children only copy their

elders. In those good old days everybody

turned in and helped everybody else,





with no thought of pay. Now if you get

in a tight place no neighbor offers to lend

a hand, even though all she has to do at

the moment is to sit on the front porch

and read and rock. If you should even

dare to ask her to watch your baby a.

minute while you run on an errand she

would talk about you for a week. If she

didn't ask you why you didn't keep a





nursemaid you could think yourself luckyp





A magazine opens a department. for the

exchange of useful ideas and doesn‘t say

anything about pay. Every woman is en-

titled to ask for any advice she wants,





free. of charge and, of course. it is ex—

pected she will be willing to help any

other woman who writes asking for help.

There may he floods of questions, but

there will be m‘ghty few answers. But





let a note be printed in the column that

a dollar will be given for every idea sent

in and the editor has to have help open-

ing his mail.



As the topical song puts it. “There ain‘t

nobody doing nothing for nobody for noth-





ing.” \Ye are all looking for pay. “’e

have lost sight entirely of the fact that

the consciousness of a good deed done is





in itself pay far surpassing gold. \\'e are

more prosperous, it is true. than were our

fathers and mothers. but are, we any hap-

pier? T)id not they. with their old ideas

of helpfulness and good will and innocent

trust in one another. know a happiness

wh’ch has been dcnied their shrewder,

more cynical descendants?

DEBORAH.





 





THE LETTER IOX.



The Working Girl

To the Editor of the

Housewives and Mrs.

taken upon thyself the

trying to answer some of

published in this paper of

gard to the domestic service



First, you ask, “\Vhy do they uoik



Ever since the ~fal1 of man. whcn God

in his anger suddenly deprived his crring

children of thc accessitics of life. and the

suddt-n knowlcdgc of a good and evil

forced them to supply themselves with

clothing to cover their nakedness. it has

been necessary for them to exert their

strength in order to obtain the articles

of food and clothing they most desired.

To this exertion has bccn given the name,

“work" and to the people making this

exertion. "working people."



Time has little change, for

only reason for working is to

necessities of life and to provide an—

step in the great stair of regenera-

that our postcrity may climb a little

nearer the grcttt moch of perfection giv-

(ll us in the bcginning. for, “As it is in

the bcginning, so shall it be the end—





1 1





 





Prc item Again.



Mhthigan Farmer,

Ii. M. F.——I have

responsibility of

your ntcstions

Jan. 7 in 1c-





0





tltlt'SlitIll.

0”





today

supply





math-

our

the

ot hcr

lion





in

ing.

As to the “working girl.“ she is but one





of lhc factors that go to make up the vast





army of “vorking—pcople.“ ncithcr great-

er nor smaller in importance than the

othcrs. For each of us must do our part

in the great plan, that we may gain for

ourselves redemption.



it 111attc1's but little our present condi-





so long as it is for the

As to why they fail

are several casons.

important. is the en—

birth, and breeding.

company good,

over those

But to our—

grcatcr part





scrvitudc.

good of humanity.

or succeed. there

The first, and most

vironments of their

If the conditions and

they have a great advanztge

in reversed circumstances.



selves we may attribute the

of their success or failure. for we. as a

people of civilization. do our duty to God

and our fellow people. there will be little

need of the life of our working boys and

girls being a failure. No girl ever went

astray without having first come in con-

tact with some evil influence. and no son

ever went to the bad. but that had one

day slept an innocent babe upon his

mothers’ breast. And had he not become





tions of





lll‘f‘





asociatcd with some he

would have died holy.



In ourselves. speaking clean.

ing words. and doing kind and noble

deeds, lies the success or failure of the,

servants who come under our supervision.

Let the people who hire and the hired,

broaden their minds beyond the realms

of the glitter of the mighty dollar. and

live to make their lives clean and useful

to those around them. No matter what

the, conditions or how humble the position.





unclean DQI‘SOD,





encourag-





look not down upon those whose toil is

harder than your own, but stoop down

and lighten their burden, that their hearts

at least. may be as light as your own.

Look not up to gold. for it is far too heavy





soul ship over the river of

to youi





to pass in the

death. Do your dutyto your God,

country. and your countrymen, whether

your term of service be for a day or

eternity. And then don’t worry about

the servants. or your children's live being

a failures-“Mrs, J. J. II.

On Child Management.



Editor IIouschold Department—Debor—

ah‘s pathetic appeal for advice brought a

smilc and a vision of a two-year-old boy

an alarm clock. and a dress stay. Deter—

mination to find out what was in the

clock was writton large on every feature,

and as there was no opening but the regu—

slit, the dress stay was being ram—

med most energetically into that. 1 can

still see the look of eager absorption on

the baby face. Needless to say. the regu—

lator refused to work forever after. This

small boy’s grandmother pronounced bin.

the most destructive child she ever knew.

but then. she had had twenty years in

which to forget.



Still, the charge was not without foun-

dation and I gave it careful thought. How

should a destructive tendency be changed

into a constructive one?



I noticed that usually the

brought about by a desire to

was inside: but sometimes playthings

wcre destroyed simply because he had

tired of them for the time being and

thought he would never want them again.

I began quietly putting away a toy after

it had been used a few days. substitut-

ing others. which were in turn retired

before the novelty wore off. Mechanical

toys, which are so soon tired of anyway,

were placed under a ban. Their mechan-

ism is a continual temptation to destruc-





lat or





wreck was

know what





tion. I also tried to avoid the cheap and

flimsy, both in books and toys. I once

heard my sister protesting most emphati-

cally against the men of her family

bringing cheap dolls to her little girls.

She said they came to pieces so easily

that it .was teaching the children to be

destructive, and they thought it wasn’t

necessary to be careful because “daddy

would get some more."



There is food for reflection in this.



I early tried to teach a wholesome re-

gard for property rights by making a rule

that one child should not use another’s

possessions without permission. \Vith

three boys “all in a bunch" there would

otherwise have been endless friction.



Occasional infringements of the rule

only served to emphasize the need for it.

It has worked well. The older boy is not

yet ten, and instead of being destructive

his great ambition is to “make things.”



Careless handling of books was hard to

overcome, but though improvement was

and 1 am not discour-





slow, it: was sure.

aged. One difficulty in child-training is





that we are in too great haste for results,

and wish to accomplish in a few months

what we should be content to do in as

many years. '



One thing which I am firmly resolved

I will not do, is to worry about my chil-





dren's faults. They are many and var-

ions. Some are on the surface and will

easily rub off. Others are deep—seated





and will take years of patient effort to

overcome. Care and thought and time,

I am willing to give. in fullest measure,





but no worrying. Let us be patient, and

wait—Lillian.

(Thank you for your kind words re-





garding this dcpartmcnt.——Ed.)

College Girls Would Be Miserable on

Farms.





Editor Michigan Farmer—Commenting

on the article, "The College Girl as a

Farmer's \Vifc,“ of the Jan. 14 issue of

The Farmer, it may be very flattering in—

dccd, for a farmer to read that he may

now lift his eyes toward a college girl,

but what about that same girl when she

has accepted his lot, and taken her place

as a. farmer's wife? She will quickly

realize that the “freedom and pleasure of

a country life" are not 'for her. Every

minute is occupied, if attention is given

to the duties which come to every farm-

er‘s wife.

farm is by far the exception and not the

rule. "\Voman is naturally a sociable

creature and where is there a more

latcd life than on a farm for a college

girl? She may be satisfied with

yes, but she will soon learn. if

spare the time to read she will have to

be satisfied with a cheap magazine or a

newspaper, and be thankful at that.

be sure she has learned good taste

dress, as an educated person,

find the limit of a farmer's purse,

as far as dress is concerned. is calico

or perhaps a gingham gown. “'hat girl

with the advantage which college life

gives in dress. as well as other things,

can be satisfied with that?



There is one sentence I entirely agree

with in the article. which reads: “The

farms 1nd the farmers both need the col-

lege girl.” hit is that a reason why she

should sacrifice herself? That is what it

would amount to for she could

happy—Mrs. W. V. A.





Slitlll





ROMPERS FOR LITTLE DAUGHTER.’





BY LILLlAN 'rno'rT.



mothers. overalls or "romp-

aic so distasteful that

the generation

labor to keep

sake of





To





many

on little girls

frills and ribbons of

with their :tttcndant

are maintained

and

the following





(-l‘S.

lllt‘

gullc.

in order.

keeping Dorothy

For such mothers

yested:



Make the bloomers at home, as they

rrquirc vcry little skill in way of cut,

being gathered very full at knee and belt,

and buttoned to a square—cut waist of

same material. A band at kncc. either

buttoned, or large enough to

through (prcfcrably the latter), proves

more durable than elastic. Over this is

worn a slip of same fabric, fashioned ex-

actly like a man’t outside shirt. a square

block. with neck hollowed to fit. opening

half way down the back and finished

with turn»ovcr collar. 'l‘hc sleeves, too,

have no cut. Double the cloth. so there

need be no stitching at wrist. and sew in

plain at shoulder. This has the effect of

a long-sleeved apron, or the “tier" of our

own childhood, but requires no pattern,

and, over the full little trousers, covers

the tiny limbs with feminine outlines,

lending a. grace the ugly overalls never

had. If non—irona'ble material be used,





for the





is sub-





I

A woman who has help on 3,

iso- '

books, I





she can .





To .

in E:

but she will





never be‘





b-atrice feminine. '2





slip footg . /





FEB. 18,. 1911.





 





\/////////////.t \\;“ I:\\\\\\\\\\‘llllllllllllll:\\\\\





NO matter What

kind of a build-





ing you want to put up

and have good and warm,

you can use COMPO-BOARD

for wall lining and have it as

warm as a plaster wall a





foot thick.





it is successfully used in all

climates,—-it can be put on in

any season of the year in less

time than it takes to lath the

same wall.





   





 





 





It is moisture proof, germ

proof, fire resisting. It will stay

up and look right as long as the

building lasts. It is a practical

wall lining for any building and

can be artistically used for any

room in the house. it takes

paper, paint or kalsomine per-

fectly. It can be paneled with

beautiful effects.





You can get it in strips

4 feet wide and 8 to 18

feet 10 n g from some

dealer in your town.





 





 





Write for Sample and

l Illustrated Book





Showing its many uses and ad-

vantages and we will tell you

where you can get it.





 





 





 





l

i NORTHWESTERN

i COMPO-BOARD CO.

I 4205 Lyndale Ave. No





: MINNEAPOLIS. MINNESOTA





 





 





The Farmer’s Son’s

Great Opportunity





Why wait for the old farm to become your in-

heritance? Begin now to prepare tor

your future prosperity and inde-

pendence. A great opportunity

await.- you in Manitoba, Saskatch-

ewan or Alberta, where you can no-

cure a Free Homestead or buy land

u reasonable pricel.





Now’s the 'l'lme





—not a your from now. when land

The profit: secured

from the abundant crops of

Wheat. Oats and Barley. an

. we‘ll“ cattle raising. are causing: steady ad-

vance in price. Government returns show

that the number of settlers in West-

ern Canada from the U. S. was 60

per cent larger in 1910 than the

previous year.

. ., Many farmers have paid forthelr

land out of the proceeds of one crop.

Free Homesteads of 160 acres and

pre- -emptlons of l 60 acres at $3. 00

an acre. Splendid climate. 00d

schools. excellentrallw ay facll ties.

low freight rates: wood. water and

,-: lumber easily obtain

‘ For pamphlet ”Last Best West, " particular!

‘ an tolocntions and low settlers‘ rate. apply to

‘ Sup'tlmn1ig..0ttuwu. 0311.. or to Can. Gov. Agt.

l\.‘[ V. McInnes

176 Jefferson Ave.. Detroit. Mich.

.A. Laurler. Marquette. Mich.





(5511





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





l

I

Send Your





Old Garnet





W. W!” Malta





New Rugs





Beautiful designs to sour taste — Plain,

Fancy , Orl enca for any parlor.

Guaranteed to weir ten years.





,500 and (In

Ours is the largest factory of its kind

in America. Esta. ished 37 years.

Originators of 0| SON FLUFF RUG.

(Grand Prizes at 3 World’s Fans. )





We Pay Freight

Old carpets are

worth money ,

don’t. throw your:

away.

Write today

if FREE for book of

designs in colors, prices

and full information.





Olson Rug 00.,





14 1 Lnllln Stu-l, Chicago, Ill.





 





 





i,

f
FEB. 18, 1911.





like seersucker, or stout‘ denim, the moth-

er’s work will be minimized.



In winter, heavy flannel drawers may

be worn under the bloomers and a petti-

coat like them sewed to waiSt and but-

toned at back, may be worn, if mother

thinks neceSSary. But if bloomers for

winter are of heavier cloth. and under-

drawers are woolen, no extra skirt will

be necessary. unless the child is delicate.

When outdoors, all little children should

wear long coats, full length, or a little

below the knee. The stocking problem,

too. cannot be tOO widely agitated. Cus-

tomartly. we see children. both girls and

boys, heavily coated and mittened, with

wraps reaching only to the knee, wearing

cotton stockings, or “fleece-lined," in zero

weather. The extremities need protec-

tion, as well as the rest of the body.

Worsted stockings. either hand-knit or

of stockinettc with feet knit in. should

be worn except by those whose skin it

irritates, and in those instances silk

should be worn under the fleece—lined. In

any case, long leggings should be con-

sidered a necessity. 'I‘hus dressed, with

arctics buckled around the ankles in

place of ordinary rubbers, daugnrcr or

son is somewhat shielded against the

weather.





A WHO’S WHO PARTY.





 





BY GENEVA M. SEWELL.



Get some of the tags like merchants

stick through samples and fasten one to

each different piece of cloth you have de—

cided to use, write a number and in most

cases the name of the goods on the tag:

then, as fast as the guests arrive. let them

draw one of the pieces from a box and

fasten it to their clothing. For your pieces

you will want everything that, by a play

upon words, can be made to represent a

person's occupation.



'When-the guests are all assembled pass

pencils and paper with numbers from one

up to the number of guests. written on,

and say that each person represents some

one else and in order to 1ind out who is

'who they are. to write opposite the cor-

respouding number the name of the cloth

and the name of the occupation repre-

sented by the cloth. thus:



A piece of duck cloth would naturally

represent a (Hunter).



A piece of net (lv‘isht-‘rmum.



A piece of gauze (Doctor).



Cashmere (Bunker).



Broadcloth (Minister).





Cheesecloth (imiryman).

Prints, calico, (Printer),

NIOIiair (Ilahl In «it‘d lllnll).





Oilcloth (Painter).



Striped cloth tlJiisoner‘).



Flowered cloth (Florist).



(‘I‘epe (Undertaker).



C‘Ioth with roots or



Lawn (Gardener).



Canvas (Politician).



Sack cloth (Miller).



Henrietta (Poultryman).



Corduroy (Woodman).



Pongee (Pawnbroker).



Organdie (Musician).



Panama (Cook).



Crash (Boilermaker).



I—Iuck (Huckster).



Butcher linen (Butcher).



l’runolla (Fruitmun).



Ponyskin (Former).



Bearskin (li‘urrier).



Shadow stripe (Drtcctivc).



\Vhen the guessing is completed. road

the correct list and see how mciily h-Ivc

guessed correctly. If you wish to give

prizes, any dainty lilili' gift made from

cloth may do for lirst prize and for the

“booby” prize give an emery paper pencil

sharpener or a chamois shin l'acc (-lalh

juSt to have them “rub up" a little.



Serve ice cream and cake or cocoa

and cake for iw-frrshincnls. and let each

guest keep the piece of cloth as a solvsih

Iiir. This sort of a Dirty is elastic, as

you can regulate the number of pieces to

the number of guests.





(Ircles (Jeweler).





HOME QUERIES.





 





Housewife—Tl is almost ilnpossflflo 1p.

make syrup that will not crust over if

you keep it for any length of time. One

pound of sugar and one quart of water

boiled rapidly 20 minutes gives the best

results. There should bi- 21,1. cups of sy-

rup when the boiling} is finished. Do not

stir after the sugar is melted,



That Crooheted Cap.



Mrs. W. C. M.—I think the trouble with

your toque is that the yarn used was too

fine. The yarn in these caps is extreme-

ly coarse almost rope-like, and the work

loosely done. Use a coarse bone crochet

hook. ‘





THE; MICHIGAN FARMER.





THE LUNCH BOX.



The mother’s perplexing problem now

days is what to fill the school lunch pail

with. Butter is 'too high to buy. Take

out a pound or two of bread sponge when

baking bread and mix into it sugar, as

much as you like according t taste; but

do not make too sweet as it will not be

so light. Add some shortening. cinna—

mon, cloves and nutmeg and a few rais-

ins, one or two eggs. (it is nice without

any when they are 30 and 35 cents per





 





dozen), add flour enough to form into

loaves, let raise. bake in a moderate

oven. This makes a nice addition to the





lunch. It is good with sauce and without

butter. Another nice lunch can be made

with thin slices of bread spread with

nicely seasoned boiled beans. sandwich

style. Beans ought to occupy a very





prominent place on our tables these days

of high-priced mefis, as‘they contain a.

large per cent 0 protein—A Farmer’s

“'ife.





 





 





 





ACTION OF' ACIDS AND SODA ON

ALUMINUM.





l

l

l

l

l

l





 





I discominucd the use of aluminum for

cooking rhubarb-tho past summer when I

noticed that it roughened the part of the

kettle with which it came in contact much

more than any other acid fruit did. This

was especially noticeable when I cooked

the rhubarb in the tireless cooker, in

which case it remained in the aluminum

kettle Several hours. After i discovered

this, I put the rhubarb in an earthenware

bowl, and set it in water in the aluminum

kettle, when I wished to cook it in the

tireless cookcrover night.



Aluminum is susceptible to common

baking soda. in strong: solution. Therefore.

if you use aluminum kettles, it Would be

well not to put soda into peas or beans.

:as some cooks do, to preserve the color

and 'll-‘lSlF‘ll the softening: also if you wish

to cook or d fruits therein, to use an in-

ner container of earthenware. I have

lll’li the rhubarb rough-

itncd the white ”1:?th ware as it did the

aluminum, so probably thls is also a safe

«ooh n}: medium for sin-h foods.



Citric acid (in lemons and oranges).

and lllilllt' acid (in apples, pears, peaches).

does not sci-m to eat the aluminum so

readily as oxalic, tartaric and acetic

acids—Harriet Mason.





never observed





PATTERNS.





 





These patterns may be secured by writ,-





ing the Michignn l’armr-r ottice. In order-





 

   

   

   

   

 

 

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 





(25) 193





 





 





 





 

 





Look [or this

Trade Mark.





Shoes are the dressiest and most up-to-date

fine shoes you could ever hope to wear—shoes

that are not only modern and stylish, but for

wearin qualities they are far better than

shoes that sell at the same price.





MAYER HONORBILT SHOES FOR MEN ///





1/ 1

are made to give lasting service. They hold their shape W

and style because they are made right. The finest up— ,/

pen, the toughest soles. the most skilled labor, go into

Mayer Honorbilt Shoes. They are built on honor—that’s

how they get the name. To get the biggest shoe value

ask for Mayer Honorbilt Shoes.





Be sure and look [or the Mayor Trade

Mark on the solo. II your dealer doo-



uol supply you. write to us.



FREE—If you will send us the name of a. dealer who does

not handle Mayer Honorbilt Shoes, we will send you

free. post. 1d, a. handsome picture, size 16x20, 02

George asulngton.



We also make Leading Lady Shoes. Martha Wash-

ington Comfort Shoes. Yermn Cushion Show

SpecialMerit School Shoes

and Mayer Work Shoes.





F. Mayer Boot & SIIOB Co.

Milwaukn. Wis.





 





 

 





 





 





ulllllnl'll





 





 





 





ing always give size and number.

3519—Ladies’ Dressing Sack. ~Fr-vcn

sizes, 33 to «11 inches bust measure. For

:26 bust it requires 3% yards, 37 inches

wide. Price 15 cents. '

BOSS—Ladles’ Yoke Waist—Cut in sit

sizes, 32 to 42 bust measure. Size 36 rc«





 





 





 





 





quires four yards of 24—inch goods. with.

,l





half a yard of 18—inch all—over. Pris-c 13‘

cents. .



4183—-Chiidren’s Dress—Three sizcs. 1.!

3 and five. years. For 2 years it requires





174- s'ards 26 inches widc. 31/, yards of in-

sertion. 21/3 yards edging. Price '10 cents.



5029—Ladies’ Corset Coven—Cut in six

sizes, 32 to 42 bust measure. Size 36 re-

quires 1% yards of lull-inch flouncing.

with 3‘34; yards of 27-inch goods for DED-





lum: % of a. yard of insertion. Price 10

cents.

5040—Ladles’ Six-gored Skirt—Cut in





tire sizes, 22 to 30 waist measure. Size 25

requires six yards of 36-inch material.

Price 15 cents.





 





 

 

 

 





 

   





 

 

 





Every Farm Home

Should Have This Book





\‘

CONTAINS the greatest Harness and Vehicle offers ever

_ made; 178 pages of wonderful interest to Farmers; 23‘.

illustrations. many in colors; 138 styles of Carriages. 74 styles

Harness. See our Wagon Leader of special construction, page lot.

and special Harness Bargain, page 14.3. We sell direct from our lac.

tcry. giving you genuine. absolutely guaranteed





Bargains in Vehicles and Harness





   

 





 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Doesn‘t it stand to reason that you can buy Vehicles, Harness, and Sad-

dles to better advantage from the makers than from seminl and third parties?

Dealers, Agents and Mail Order Houses have to get their profits and selling

expenses that come out of your pocket. No sense in vourlnaying outthis extra

money, when an old. reliable Manufacturing Concern like ' i’urrcy” of Cincin-

nati stands ready to ship direct from our factory. I/

u n - v ' '

“/5. ” Highest Award Buggies Direct From lbs 2/

, I

'M Factory—Four Weeks Road Trial—Sale .,

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e Ivery nsure - wo ears uaran ee ,/

N0 buyingig a ”cat; in a be?" from "Murray." You select. any :-

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you bako it; out. and give it; a practical tostonthe road amund . .

your placo for 30 days. If you nro not. satisfied, We simply Won't.

trade. that's all. No obligations on your part, no hard feel-

ing‘on ours. ”you decide to buy. wostand right. behind you

With the Wet known “Murray" Guarantee 0! Quality.

\ We Want Our 1911 Catalog in [he

' Home of Every Farmer in America.

The Wilber 8.. Murray M’f’g Co.,

Dept.354 Cincinnati. 0.





 

 

   





An unusual Buggy Bargain. Seat- and

general arrangement; arou‘xclusivc. ~6

save you about $30 by selling direct from factory.





 





A





Rheumatism in Shoulder

Relieved by using Al/(‘om’c’s Plaster:

Athletes use them for

Stiffness or Soreness of muscles.





A/ZL‘ock‘s I’Zzzslm’s act as a preventive

as well as a curative.





Coughs, Colds, Weak Lungs ,

Prevent colds becoming deep-seated.





Allcock’s is the original and genuine porous plaster.

It isa standard remedy, sold by druggists in every part

of the civilized world. Apply wherever there is Pain.





When yuo need a Pill

TAKE A Brandreth‘s Pill (Est 1752-)





For CONSTIPATION. lBILIOUSNEss, HEADACHE, DIZZINESS,

'NDIGEST'ON’ Etc. Purely Vegetable.
194 - (26)

‘ WINDOW PLANTS.





BY BESSIE L. PUTNAM.





Plants grown in the living-room usually

suffer much from a dry atmosphere,

though perhaps not more 'than do the

human habitants. Frequent spraying. a

dish of water kept upon the back part of

the heater. and thorough ventilation of

the room are amOng the remedies.



If a bent-neck syringe, the best for

reaching the under side of the leaves. is

not at hand, a whisk broom may serve

the purpose. Dip it in water, shake off

most of the adhering moisture, and then

brush the hand over the end, sending a

line spray into the air.



The red spider, 'a minute. almost mi-

croscopic insect, propagates rapidly in a

dry atmosphere, but can be easily exter-

minated 'by cold water.



Dust is another common enemy, closing

the breathing pores of the plant and thus

reducing; its vitality. The spray avoids

this. One woman who is especially suc-

cessful with house plants finds no better

way to keep them healthy and free from

insects than to give them a bath weekly

in the suds left from washing. Of course,

it must not be strong, and should be thor-

oughly rinsed off. This may seem like a

great deal of work, but it is better to have

a few thrifty plants than a whole win-

dowful of dilapidated ones. Keep only as

many as you can give individual atten-

tion, but let them be choice and adapted

to your conditions.



if the window is sunny, geraniums and

coleus will do nicely. The more sunshine

they can receive, the brighter will be the

colors and markings in the foliage.



Plant food in some form must be given

at least once a month: once a wet-k is

prcfcrz'tble. if liquid manure. the very

best food, is not available, there are a.

number of good cmnmercial foods upon

the market. A teaspoonful of ammonia to

a quart of water applied (ill('t‘ a wet it will

soon reward the grower with a more vig-

orous plant. llut never try to force a.

plant when at rest or before the young

touts are thoroughly established. The

tondcnscd food is only for the strong,

growing plant.



If you have a shady, north window. in

which flowering plants refuse to thrive,

it will prove an ideal place for a fern,

tarl‘uuium. or rubber tree. The lflllt'l' de-

lights in a rich. iibrous soil. and the leaves

should be spongcd frequently to remove

all dust. It gives the rit-h. tropical (ffect

of the palm. yet is much more easily and

quickly grown. Avoid injury to the ter-

minal bud. This induces branchinc. and

the idr-al rubber plant is one straie'ht

stem clothed with its large, dark green

leaves.



“'hcn it is desired to start a new rub—

bcr plant, an incision is made in a branch

of an old one and a plot-c of damp moss

tied over the wound. In time roots form

in the moss. when the branch can be de-

tached and potted.



\Vhilt- some object to the stiff, ungainly

forms of many cacti. all familiar with it

like the "Humming—bird" or “Christmas

Pacttis,” as it is often in bloom by Thanks-

giving: a mass of rich rose carmintv shad-

ing to white, and of a grace in form well

entitling: it to the pet name. The plant

is leafy, and is ornamental during the

entire year. it is readily started from

tuttincs, and comes to bloomingr size

much more quickly than most of the

cacti.



To coax the calla buds. give warm wat-

er. rich liquid food. and keep the roots

warm. A couple of bricks. the one being

heated while the other is in use assist in

lutrrying,r it into blossom.



Keep the hyaacinths. and other llolland

bulbs forced in the window. in a cool

place if you would have the blossoms live

their natural life. in nature they appear

when the weatht-r is cool. and cannot long

endure the hot sun.





CARELESSNESS CAUSES LAMP EX-

PLOSIONS.





 





nv w. .l. (l-ilANT‘.

All explosions of coal-oil lamps are

(aused by the vapor. or gas. that collects

in the space above the oil. “'hen full of

oil. of course a lamp contains no gas: but

immediately on lighting; the lamps. con-

sumption of oil begins. soon leaving a

space for Gas. which commences to form

as the lamp warms up. and. after burning

a short time, sufficient gas will accumu-

late to cause an explosion. The gas in

a lamp will explode only when ignited.

In this respect it is like gunpowder.

Cheap or inferior oil is the most dan-

gerous.



The flame is communicated to the gas

in the following manner: The wick tube





the wick which is to pass through it.





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





in all gas~burners is made larger than





It would not do to have ttc wick work

tightly in the‘ burner; on the contrary, it

is essential that it move up and down

with perfect ease. In this way it is un-

avoidable that. space in the tube is left

along the sides of the wick sufficient for

the flames of the burner to pass down

into the lamp and explode the gas.



Many things may occur to cause the

flame to pass down the wick and explode

the lamp.



A lamp may be standing on a table or

mantel, and a slight puff of air from the

open window, or the sudden opening of a.

door, cause an explosion.



.-\. lamp may be taken quickly from a





 





table or mantel and instantly explode.



A lamp is taken into an entry where1

there is a draught, or out of doors, and;

an explosion ensues. i



A, lighted lamp is taken up a flight ofE

stairs. or is raised quickly to place it oni

the mantel, resulting in an explosion. In}

all these cases the mischief is done by

the. air movement~either by suddenly

(necking: the draught, or forcing air down_

the chimney against the flame. l



Blowing down the chimney to extin—

guish the light is a frequent cause of;

explosion.



Lamp explosions have been caused by

using; a chimney broken off at the top,

or one that has a piece taken out, where-

by the draught is variable and the flame

unsteady.



Sometimes a thoughtless person puts

small—sized wick in a. large burner, thus

't‘tlYlllg‘ considerable space along the

ttlt't's of the WiCli.





HOW TO CARE FOR YOUR PIANO.





BY J“. T. MORRIS.





t‘areful treatment of your piano will

lI‘SllIl, in long,r life to its musical qualities.

it will also double the pleasure and re-

move the wear on one‘s nerves. A piano

is almost as sensitive to heat and cold

as an invalid. It should not be placed

too near a tirel as the heat draws the

wood. Neither should it ‘be near an open

window, as on a wet day the damp is apt

to rust the keys and wires and take the

polish off the case.



The keys should be dusted frequently

with an old silk handkerchief. and rubbed

ot-(asionally with a cloth moistened with

methylated spirits. If they get very yel-

low. rub with a little lemon juice and

whiting, and remove it with a damp cloth.

But be very cart-fut that none of the





 





dust falls between the keys.



'\‘\'hcn the piano gets clouded and dull‘

looking; give it a good polish with a very,

little furniture cream and rub well with;

a chamois leather. If it gets smoky. wipe}

with a cloth wrung out of vinegar and‘

water, then polish.



Do not put: your piano close to the. wall.

as it dcadcns the tone. To keep it in

perfect order, it should be tuned twice a

year.



A piano is never heard to the best ad—

vantage in a room that is overcrowded

with furniture and hung; with much

drapery.





THE DRIFT OF THE SPRING FASHION

WINDS.



l“'ne sore-cs. satin cas‘hmetics. homespun.

chiffon cashmere. twecds. prunclla cloth

t-itcviot. broadcloth and heavy linen, both‘

white and colorcd, promise to be much

used for the spring and early summer

suits.



The waistline of the newest suits is

iaiscd an lllt'll or so above ‘the normal

position.



ltumors regarding: the new coats proph~

fly a rontinuation of the short model.

.‘tnything' from 5:2 inches to 27 inches

seems to be correct.





 





SPECTACLE AND KERCHIEF‘ CASE.





 





Seeing“ a notice asking: for a spectacle

holder i will send description of a spec—1

tacle and handkerchief holder my mother

used to have. Take half a yard of rib-

lion 2% inches wide, fringe one end 115;;

inches deep. measure from plain end 10‘

inches. fold and sew edges together five

inches. fold down remaining ribbon with.

fringe. This is for spectacles. For the

'liandkerchief take half a yard of ribbon.

31/2 inches wide. fringe one end 11/; inches

deep, measure from plain end 11 inches.

fold and sew edges together 3% inches.

fold down remaining ribbon with fringe.

Fasten both together at top with narrow

ribbon bow in front and safety pin at

back. This makes a very pretty and

handy set of pockets—V. J. S.





 





FEB. 18, 1911.





\





 





This $1500 Farmers Motor Car

In Many Respects Equals $4000 Cars





ARMERS are delighted to find in this great motor car many of the feat-

ures of motor cars that cost up to $4000. \Ve have spent years in de-

vcloping theAbbott-lk‘troit until now it is the one perfectly standardized



motor or in the world selling at $1500. By this we mean to emphasize that

every part, every detail has. been scrutinized and brought to a stage of perfec-

tion where we find it impossible to improve. For these reasons you get in the

Abbott-Detroit a country service automobile far exceeding your expectations





“The Car,With A Pedigree”





3121221? Dell'sil'





Looks Just Like Highest Priced Cars





The painting and trimming specifications of





, the Abbott-Detroit parallel those of $4000 cars.





The lines. the convenience, the luxury of the

Abbott-Detroit make a great many people think

it costs three times as much as it does.



Over the roughest country roads the Abbbtt-

Detroit clearly demonstrates its free easy riding.

its power, its noiselessness. its ability to assim-

iiate ruts, crossings, hard grades and deep mud.

You are as comfortable as you can be because of

the big. strong, perfectly built springs which

level bumps and make all roads seem like

boulevards.



There are many cars listed at $1500 but by

the time you have paid for all the extras you

have expended up to $2000. The Abbott-Detroit:

It $1500 includes everything but top and wind-





 





shield. It includes a complete electric light

equipment of two electric headlights and combi‘

nation electric and oil side and rear lamps and

Bosch High Tension or Splitdorf dual ignition

system.





Write to-day for the Book of the Abbott-De-

troit which gives all the vital information about

this wonderful car and when we send it to you

we will include a letter of introduction to our

local dealer who can show you the car itself.





Our guarantee is more than the ordinary

guarantee. When you become an Abbott-Detroit

owner you make a permanent connection with

our organization. We keep in touch with you

and protect you continually. Just drop us a

postal right now and let us tell you all about it.





Abbott Motor Co.,





133 Waterloo St.,





Detroit, Mich.





ISTRIBUTERS -





D .

(‘RAIG AUTO (1)., Detroit. l‘llchlg‘an.

(‘I‘IN'l‘AI'R IMOTOR C().. (‘hlcng0, Illinois.





 





HHEUMATISM





is most painful





WHAT’S GOOD 1





SI. JACOBS 0“





It gives INSTANT relief when nothing else





will remove the twinges.





It finds and





rests each sensitive spot in a wonderful





manner.

you, let alone overcomes you.





ALWAYS KEEP ST. JACOBS 01L IN THE

HOUSE READY FOR ANY EMERGENCY





 





Don’t wait till pain overtakes





St. Jacobs



Oll.Ltd..



Baltlmore.

Md





 





 





 





 





about the home.





Dept. of Agriculture.





booklet to-tlay.





 





 





(L Formaldehyde





This wonderful germ killer has a thousand uses on the farm and

. )lost effective treatment for seed, grain and potatoes

cvcr tlisctlvcred—positively destroys the spores



rust and fungus growth, permitting a full yield.

Indispensable for tltmtloi'iy.iil;_r and cleansing all

mouldy or disease—laden rooms and corners.





PERTHIAMBIIY CHEMIGAI. GOMPAIIY





00 WILLIAM STREET, NEW YORK





The Famed Disinlectant—

Inexpensive, Harmless 8-

Readily Applied 1E? 12? R3





of all forms of smut,

Endorsed by l'. S.





\Yritc for instructive free





 





 





 





 





 





 

 





 





Gives 500 candle power. Casts no shadow.

Costs 2 cents per week. Makes and burns

its own gas. Over 200 styles. Every lamp

warranted. No dirt. No odor. No grease.

Agents wanted. Write for catalog, now.





THE BEST “6"" CO.

280 E. 5th St., Canton, 0





WE PAY FREIGHT





on all Horse and Cow Hides

To be tanned and manufactured

into coats.robes, gloves and mit-

tens. We are dyers and dressers

of all kinds of furs. We com

.: plete all work within 15 to 20

g" days after we receive the hides.

' ' ' Write for free catalogue and

samples telling all about. our work.

TH YLVANIA TANNING CO.

Sylvnnla, Ohlo.





I’m-p 11mm.

. , ‘





 





 





 





 





a: flew/w; .t ~





, sextant «24%; M H... .





‘ {W «m'LM—cfiixéfivw





vi-
J

I'





 





 





r umfiupww :- 1%}.





.15 ‘





d ‘





.m-“flwr .-<.





. on an exhibit of white dent corn.





FEB. 18, 1911.

THE NATIONAL CORN EXPOSITION.





 





(Continued from page 174).



This year all of this resulting seed was

planted at the normal rate, and the seed

from the five-plant hills outyielded the

one—plant hill seed by six bushels per

acre. This shows the value of competitive

selection and that the ear that seems

large because it has had the advantage

is not the one that will return the most

corn under ordinary field conditions.



Another test was along the line of ac~

climating corn. Varieties were secured

from Ohio, Indiana. Illinois, and other

states. Ordinary Nebraska corn grown at

the station wasshown with it. The yield

of the Nebraska corn was 43.7 bu.. the

other 34.8. and corn that was secured 60

miles from the station yielded 40.6; all

this showing .the importance of getting-

home-grown seed that is acclimated. In.





bred corn was shown. This yielded 36.4

bu. A result of careful cross-l.)reeding





was shown by a yield of over ‘2 bu. Corn

from each of these tests was shown. In

every case except when noted it was the

result of so hills of two stalks each that

was shown in the boxes. They had a

graphical representation of the different

soil areas.



A chart showed the result of growing

alfalfa and other legumes in their rota-

tion. As an average of 31 farmers, those

that used clover or alfalfa reported an in-

creased yield of 100 per cent as result in

the case of corn. They also showed the

yields of early and late varieties of oats.

The product of the two treatments was





» shown on a scale and the early varieties





in a Six-year test showed an increased

yield of 14 bu. per acre. The effect of

rolling wheat was shown by photographs

as well as by the grain. The rolling in

the spring compacts the soil and restores

capilarity. In a four—year average it rc-

sulted in an increase of 4 bu. per acre.

W'ork with wheat strains, grain types

and lodging was shown. Smooth vs. rough

type of Corn was shown as to yield. A

five—year average shows 5 bu. in favor of

the smooth type. This is a bit similar to

the Delaware work with the two types

in reference to protein content.



Okiahoma.——The experiment station had

no regular exhibit though the state had

a competitive exhibit that quite overflowed

the booth and which was highly interesting

from every viewpoint. Two very pleasant

southerners were there to answer any

questions you might ask of them. Okla-

homa won her full share of the prizes.



Awards in the Competitive Classes.



Space will not permit the giving of

complete awards. except in the Michigan

classes. The Grand Champion Sweep-

stakes for the best ten ears of corn, again

went to Indiana, the coveted prize being

won by Roy D. Clorc, of Franklin, Ind.,

while

the grand champion sweepstakes premium

for the best car of corn in the show was

awarded to R, A. 'James. of Charleston,

111., who showed yellow dent. Michigan's

only winning in the World classes was

made by Geo. J. Friedrich, of Brooklyn,

who won second prize on a peek of Oder-

bruckcr barley. W'innings in the Michi-

gan classes were as follows:



Ten Ears YeIIOw Dent Corn.



Levi J. Miller. Caledonia. lst prize. $5;

L. J. Bradley, Augusta. 2nd prize. certi~

flcate; A. A. “food & Sons. Saline. 3rd

prize, certificate; Earl Pickett. CeladOnia,

4th prize, certificate: Jesse W. Pickett,

Caledonia. 5th prize, certificate.



Ten Ears White Dent Corn.



R. I. Vandercook, Linden, lst prize. $5;

R. D. Simmons. Hanover, 2nd prize. certi—

ficate; Lester Benson, Whitehall, 3rd

prize, certificate.



Ten Ears Corn Other than Yellow or



White,



I). E. Turner. Hanover. 1st prize, $5:

William Folks, Hanover, 2nd prize, certi-

ficate; Florine Folks. Hanover, .‘lrd prize.

certificate; E. M. Moore, Vi’ixom, 4th

prize. certificate; L. S. Turner, Hanover,

5th prize. certificate.



Ten Ears Flint Corn.



George J. Friedrich, Brooklyn, lst prize.

$5: A. R. Vincent. Croswell, 2nd prize,

certificate; Wm. Hayward, Bay City, 3rd

prize. certificate; Chester Helfrench, Port

Austin, 4th Prize, certificate.



Peck Soft Wheat.

W. Jewett, Mason. lst prize, $5; J.





W. Chapin. Eden, 2nd prize, certificate. ~





» Peck Hard Wheat.



John Brunner. Howard City. 1st prize,

$5; A. W. Jewctt, Mason. 2nd prize, certi—

ficate; George J. Friedrich, Brooklyn, 3rd

prize, certificate.



Peck White Oats.



L, L. Lawrence, Decatur, 1st prize, $5;

George Shoesmith, Leslie. 2nd Prize, cer—

tificate; A. W. .Iewett. Mason, 3rd prize.

certificate; George J. Friedrich. Brooklyn,

4th prize, certificate; Jacob De Gms, Ah-

cia, 5th prize. certificate.



Peck Black Cats.

A. W. Jewett. Mason, lst prize. 35.

Peck Six-Rowed Barley.

A. W. Jewett. Mason, 1st prize, $5.

Peck Two-Flawed Barley.

'A'. W. Jewett. Mason, lst prize, :5.





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





. OUR LANSING LETTER.





(Continued from page 182).

the road building planned for this year

and the next and enable the state to keep

this ~reat internal improvement work

moving along as rapidly as is possible

with good results.



Taxation matters are gradually moving

to the center of the stage. The tonnage

tax bill is up for special consideration

next Thursday and the proposal to place

a tax of one-quarter cent per pound on

copper ‘and ten cents per ton on iron ore

has some strong advocates among mem—

bers of both houses. There will probably

be a move to substitute a mining royalty

bill for the tonnage tax proposal. It is

Well known that men and interests in

possession of huge mining reservations in

the upper peninsula are practically escap-

ing taxation and Governor Osborn has

urged that an investigation be made of

this matter. There is a. bill before the

house committee on taxation which an—

thorizes the appointment by Governor

Osborn of a commission of inquiry to

look into the taxation situation in this

state. If the committee will report the

'bill out promptly there is time for the

Commission to .look into the situation as

regards the tax on mines and mining

properties before the present legislature

adjourns and furnish the lawmakers with

some statistics on which to act. Even

the big delegation of mining men down

here from the upper peninsula. to oppose

the tonnage tax proposition, failed to

point out, that the iron mines of the up-

per country are paying their fair share

of taxes. The copper men were able to

show that they are. on the tax rolls for a

big assessment, which they claim equals

the actual value of the property. but the

iron mines could not make a. similar

showing. and there is a. strong inclination

here to prod the iron mine owners se-

verelv and bring them into the taxation

camp for a reasonable amount of taxes.

In view of the situation, unless some

good reason is shown. it is likely there

will be an effort made to lay aside final

action relative to taxation matters until

a commission can be appointed and re‘

port. Action on the tonnage tax bill may

ultimately be delayed pending that report.



Governor Osborn‘skeen attack on the

railroads. and particularly the Grand

Trunk. last Thursday. has attracted much

attention among the. railroads as well as

the legislators. There will undoubtedly

be a [bill offered to force the 1)., G. &

M., which is owned by the Grand Trunk,

to pay a fair share of the taxes. It is

considered by the. legislators that Gover-

nor Osborn Ilid the right thing when he

flung down the gage to the railroads and

demanded that. if they wish to play

fair, as they allege. that the special charter

of the. I).. G. Ii, & M. be given back to

the state. Under its provisions the rail-

road is paying about $100,000 loss in taxes

than are assessed proportionately against

other railroads and both Governor Osborn





and Attorney General Kuhn have an-

nounced their driermination to use every

possible means to force that railroad to





come out from behind its special charter

and pay taxes.



What the total tax levy as the result of

legislative work, will the is still a ques-

tion. But few appropriation bills are in

before the finance committee as yet, but

there is being an effort made to get them

in and have every amount ready for con-

sideration by the first of March. There

will not be any undue generosity it is

announced. but the plan calls for a suffi—

cient appropriation to prevent a deficit at

the end of the year. and provide, for non--

essary expenses. Beyond that it is doubt—

ful if the. legislature will go in view of

Governor Osborn‘s announcement that he

will vote any except absolutely necessary

appropriations for state institutions.



General legislative matters of the ses-

sion have not received much attention

as yet.





HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.

National.

That the American rc-pubiic is more

and more appreciative of the Work of





Abraham Lincoln is evidenced by the

large number of gatherings called to





commemorate his birth. Not alone from

the large cities where organized clubs of

a. political character held large banquets





in honor of the day, but even to the small

town and the rural places come Icporls

of feasts and spcechmaking that unfolds





the spirit of the people toward the great

cmancipator.



The trade of- the United States, with its

non—contiguous territory, for the your of

inn), nmnuntod to over $200,000,000. In

1903, the first year when complete statis-

tics were gathered. the total was about

half the figures for the past 13 months.



A test vote taken in the house of rcp-

resentatives Monday of this week indi-

cated that the reciprocity agreement with

Canada will, in all probability, pass that

body when it comes Iip for final decision.



Seven members of the crew of the Osh-

kosh. a gasoline schooner, were, lost at

the mouth of the Coliiinbian river when

the craft turned turtle. Only the captain

was saved.



The allied interests of the North Ameri-

can grain exchanges have started a

nucleus for an appropriation for educating

farmers to produce better crops and in-

structing them in the use of more scien-

tific methods in performing their work.



Col. Roosevelt. received a general ova-

tion along the line of his trip from New

York to Grand Rapids. Mich. where he

spoke at the Lincoln Club banquet last

Saturday night, and return.



A $151000 fire occurred at Memphis.

Mich last Sunday morning. Several men

were injured by a gasoline explosion.



Last week the house of representatives

passed the Cullom bill which provides $2.—

000,000 for the erection of a memorial to

Abraham Lincoln in Washington.



Farmers, by subscriptions, paid off the

indebtedness of the Atlantic, Northern &

Southern railroad and thereby saved it

from going into the hands of receivers.





The farmers own property along the road.



The United States senate voted to allow

the confederate veterans the use of tents

at their reunion at Little Rock, Ark., next

May. ,



A street car running wild into an open

switch dashed down the bank of the She~

boygan river at Sheboygan, VVis., and car-

ried five persons to death. last Thursday.



Alleging that employes of the New York





central_lines have been diseharged con-

trary to agreement, representatives of





several .trainmcn's organizations, have

called for a conference with the ofiicials

of those lines, and it refused, will call a

strike on all lines west of Buffalo.



Sentttt'n‘ial contests are on in New York,

Iowa and Colorado.



Danville, lll.. is now in the limelight

owing to the indictments being returned





1’3" the grand jury investigating into the

traffic in votes. The indictments number





into the hundreds.



EvidenCo supporting the theory of the

spiral nebula hypothesis is in the posses-

sion of professors at the Mount Wilson

observatory. California, where they have

sutweedcd in photographing a swirling

mass of gasos estimated to be six trillion

miles from the earth.



The New York state assembly is con-

sidering a. bill making it a misdemeanor

for any person or corporation to hold

products in cold storage for more than a.

year.



The vote in

of the pl'tumsod





Arizona on the ratification

.onstitution of the new





(27) l 195

[if





USEKEROSENE

ENGINE .

For Farm. 8 - op and Home

Runs perfectly on kerosene, gasoline.

distillate. any fuel oil. Hundred less

, parts. Patent throttle gives three en-

gines for price of one. Single spark

ignition saves 75 70 battery cost. Force

feed lubricator—perfect oiling. Double

duty tank revo- WePa theFrciuht





lutionizes cooling sys-

tems. Automobile muffler .





     





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Ball bearing governor.

Starts instantly, no

roe-heating, no crank. ‘ ‘





Experience unneces

nary. Women can op.

crate. Mounted on

skids or trucks. Vib-

ntion eliminated.

Comes complete. test.-

ad. I' e a d y to run

Twice as good at halt

the price.

Fre e Tr! al

No obligation till satin-

fled. lfl-nlr uulrntu.

“1an Facts" free: a

unite for is N 0 W. '1 5|

ELLIS ENGINEC :- . .12 P:

— 4. Hallo“ 8L. Dun-I. Mub- ____._ .





Michigan Farmar’s Cllll) LlSl.





 





 





 





 





state is l'(‘1i~il'lt‘ll to be strongly in favor

of the instrument. 1



Fourteen men are reported to have beenl

entombed in a nine, at Trinidad, COL, lasti

Week. by an explosion. l



Last ‘J‘lIIIrs'la-y the house of representa—li

tives passed a measure which provides for?

increasing the number of representatchs.

in that body .fl‘tllll Gill to 433. This.

the two new nn-n from AriZona and NOW‘

Mexico will make l:; 1. The new districts.





will be apportioned according to the 1910| unordered.





census.

Foreign.



The past went: has not been encourag-

ing to the t'udorais of Mexico who have

met stubborn rcslstam‘e from the rebels.

Juarez was the pivot of interest for the

week and it is anticipated that an engage-

mcnt may be fought at any hour to deter-

mine the occupancy of the town. Small

conflicts between rebels and federals have

been 1e1lori...-d favorable to the former.

The government is sending more rein<





l‘mwomcnts l‘rnn Mexico City to Uhihuzi»





and Zacalc-JriS.

England. is already preparing





llusl

London,





in the coronation of George V, which

will 1.1km place on June 22. it is antivi—

1I.I:ml 137.1 globulin people will visit, the





Inetrormlis of the world on the



(‘criain sections of China fat-e .t l'rilnino.

It is predicted by Consul Gl'acey at Jun-

bins; that, without I'clict‘ lroln outside.

fully 11 million will perish before crops L'ZUl

be gathered again.





fatalities are large.

A gale caught an ice fine with :1 village

of fishermen Llit‘l'-‘t)ll off the ~'tl.lSL of kill.





land and out o." 25:} man it is l'.'})'»l‘lt‘»l

only 101’) were saved before the line. was

broken in pieces.



Rebels burned the Nation town of,

Ouunaininth. The political situation a"





the island is mu-‘h disturbed. .



A large amount of munitions of Wir‘

were thHti'()_\‘t_3t] by the blowing up of the;

barracks at Managua, .‘Jii'aiaigtrt. l



The first usn of ill” lt‘i'-Ill;tllit‘ in :Ictnall

military opt-rations -.v.n.< wnmuinnlaled last:

week when l-{nl't'v liartnwss, amateur ”1%;

ei'ator, flew from Fort [Lisa-runs. l\"l\?f\’l.‘l,‘

to the L’nilcil Status tramps minpml on thc‘

American side of 121..» b utter. with a n cs-

srigc to the t-omnininlcr. l



it is asst-rival that nothing will be known





 





occasion. I





The plague is spreads

in}; to new districts and the percentage of,





 





For the benefit and convenience or our sub

scribern we have arranged tne following list of

Elmer: on which we can save them money.



asides the money. they. save the trouble and

expense of uenum each order separately.



EXPLANATIO —'I‘ne first column lathe reg~

uln subscription price of the other papers. The





with ‘ second column given our price for a year's sub-





scription to both the other paper and Michigan

Farmer. The third column gives the price at which

the other piper mly be added when three or more

Example: We will send the Michigan

Farmer and Detroit SemLWeekly Journal for $1.60.

It. fox-Instance. McCall’s Magazine also is wanted

odd It at 400 making total 32.00. Any number or

papers may be added at third column price it they

are for a aublcrlber to the Miami‘s-n Farmer.



If you want the MICHIGAN ABMEB THREE

YEARS and the other papers one Your odd to) to

the second column price. For the Michigan Farmer

5 years add $1.75. We do not send samples 0:“ other

papers. Address the publishers direct.



Send all orders to the Michigan Farmer or

through our agents.



We willtake your order for any publication you

want whether l! sled or not. Write for rates.



HOTEL—So long a.- a subscriber is on our list for

: One or more years he may order at any time any

! publication at third column price. Sothat a three or



five-y ear subscriber does not lose the advantage of

, the reduced price If he wants any other paper next

. year or the you after.



Subscription: ordered to Cunnda require

postage. Write for rates unless postage is known.

in that case Include with order. Postage on Mich.

lgan Farmer alone to Canada ls 1 cent per week.





 





 





See ex plans.-





NAME OF PUBLICATION. 110:1 above.





 





 





 





 





 





Daily. (6 a Week.) 3 3

Journal. Detroit. Mich on rural route 2 50 3 50 2 55

“ " ofl’ "‘ “ 6 00 5 25 4 75

Times. Detroit ....................................... 2 00 2 75 l 75

News Grand Rapids. Mlch...... ......... 2 00 2 25 l 50

Courier-Herald. Sn lnnw. Mich., (inc.

Sunday) on It. .............. . ............. 2 50 2 55 l 60

News. Cleveland. Ohio ........ 2 00 2 85 l 85

. 'l‘ribune. Bay City. Mich., .. 2 00 2 75 l 8.")

3 News-Bee. Toledo. Ohio ........................ '2. 00 2 60 1 65

'I‘rl-Weeklm (3 ll \Veok.)

World. New York. (8 a week)............. 1 00170 '75

Semi-Weekly. (2 a Whack.)

Journal, Detroit. Mlcn....,....... .. 1 00160 75

Weekly Newspapers And Current commant

Blade. Toledo, Ohio ........................... 1 on 1 30 3,5

Commoner. Wm J. Bryan. Editor, 1

Lincoln, Neb ................................. 1 00:1 50: 35

Inter Ocean. Chicago (w) ..................... 1 0i) i 351 7.5





Cnttle.Sheep Swine. Poultry.etc.





American Poultry Journal,Cnlcngo(m) 5011 30 35





 





 





 





about lllt‘ probable 1%in .If the sinking American Poultry Advocatefiyracuu.

of tho. vli.iixl,-.slii11 Maine in Havana harbor-I, A N.l Y. (3;) ...... B... d ..... C ill ......... (.) 50130 35

.‘ "a .‘ ... llll l'i' til the last of A )l'll.i Iner 08“ 98? rec er. ' 0330 m 1 00175 80

}},.,?§,.le: “1,31” 11,1.1‘,,grl,l,1,),11,. 0., [1:8 dealing, American Swineherd. Chicago, (m).... 50 i so as

, . ’3 :1 1‘ . '1 ll ‘ ‘ , Breedem' Gazette. Chicago. (w) ........... 1 751 90100

"“1” ‘31 l” ‘U ‘ ' Farm Poultry Boston. Mnaa.(a-m)...... 501 30 35



”"“——"‘"”""_‘ 1 (Meaning! In Bee Culture. Medlna,0,

“ R p REP RT. (s-m) ................................................ 100170 75



MICHIUAN C O O l Hoardi'n Dnirymau Fort Atkinson,

. , , _. ,1, 1 ‘ fl, - .. , ,1 s. W)........ .1 00 1 70100



\\ lic-It ~ln Iwim t.» tic ".'.’ 511011.. ll/l‘w‘ Horse World. Buifalo, N. Y. (w) _2 00 2 25150

“'hl‘ill illll'llle'? l‘lll'lill'.“ *"lllw'l‘tl llllill‘i'. Horseman. Chicago, (:11) ...................... 2 00 2 5 1 60

from any ragga?" 1m; correspondents in Jersey Bulletin. Indianapolis. Ind. (W) 1 00 1 35 1 00

the Mother n counties HliHVJt‘l' ”yes" and hluihali’a 1))airy banner. Waterloo. 40 a a

t I. ,1. - J 1.1., “I; '4. 3, _: 3. 8-111 ......................................... 10 5

1.07 no. {Hill lllt'Ht i‘litl it _ Ionics ill (1“ Poultry Keeper. Quincy, iii. (In) ........ 50180 35

swcr _ to: and . .. I“).- lll 11; ‘ll‘Hanl' _ Poultry success. Springfield. 0. (my... 50 l 30 40

counties l :illS‘A'l'i' Mn: and Ho n I and . Reliable Poultry Journal.Qulncy.Ill.(m 50130 35

in tho upp-Ir peninsula :1 answer “no.“ 1swine Breedrea' Journal.lndisuapolia,



$1111“ ])l‘1llt’ilt‘4l Wilt“ ii iii lllt) Siltllllt-‘l'll; IUd- (s-m; ‘‘‘‘ ' """"""""""""""" 50180 35

I'Olllllliv‘y '3 in W ‘i‘lin‘; lll lllt‘ ('i'lill'ill l'i)1!l-'l-T Popular “[agazing'.

lies 1%“. in tiw northern counties 15.91: in American Magazine, (In)... ................ 1001 95 95

(In. ”mun.- lwllills’lllll ii i, and in the state . Etude. Philadelphia. Pa. (m).. . 1 50 1 95 1 00

2.71; Weeks. ; Hampton's Magazine. N. Y. (m).. . .. . I 50 2 00 l 10



The 'l\l'l"l“'t3 ili‘W‘ll of snow m the 1111‘ ‘ Metropolitan Mugazlne. N. Y. (my..- 1 50 z 00 I 00

. ' , ‘, ' '7 f , ,- ,‘., 1, n -.. . ,, ..-J1Mechfinm“Dlgefltammi Bupldstm) 50 i 15 25

l” ”‘9 ”MU"? ” "”1." 1": 1‘. ‘3'? """ 1‘“ l j" i Mct'lures. Magazine. I. Y. (m) ........... 1502051150

in the t-r-Iili'ai :- ninlnw‘ a. .4. 111 the“ llrll‘lll- ; Musician. Boston, Mass. (In). 1502 05 l 10

orn counties. 13; in the upper peninsula . Outing Magazine. N. Y. (m) ................ 3 00 3 4o 3 00

134.76 and in the slate 7.23 llli‘lles', lPeople‘s Home Journal, N. Y.(m) ...... 50 12.5 30



(hr the Illsi the L1\ cl'au’c depth in 1imj1’earson’a Magazine. New York (111).. .. l 501 75 1 60

. , l x .. . ».- ., :4 ’v, H ,, 4.1. in th , “UHF,“ ‘, Red Book Magazlne. Chicago. Ill. (m) 1 502 30125

"”H E I “ 6m)“ 2‘ ' m"m( '1', in the Lin “1 "n Success. N. Y. (m) .............................. 100 1 75 so

('Ollll lt‘S .. 'n' E ' . '1' it" 1 ’

counties 8.7%: in lh!’ lllllN‘I‘ peninsula 161.12, . Ladies or Household.



.H ,1 >1 the stile f: 1; 1111.119; .Designer, N. Y. (m) .............................. 75155 no

‘ I. H' " L ’ 1' . ~ '. . . , ,,‘Evcryday Housekeeping. Salem,



’lbe total lllllllin‘l oi bushels of \vlwv. Mass. (ml ...................................... 50140 85

marketed by fail Incrs in January at 130 Harper's Baiar.N. Y. (m).. 1c“ 1 75100

flouring mills was 2013.464 and at 107 elm l Housewitfii N. 3;. (III;I ..Y.... 351 g 30

valors tlltl to Train dealers 166.174- 01' a McCall’s 8.882 ne. - .(m)... . 60 1 35 40

11,111 alto?” TRSEbuslIt-ls or this ummml l Mother's Mas. Elem. III. (In) .............. 50135 50

., .,.' r i E ".‘1 ,1. . _ . , 'nm ,1, 1. n V . ti (1 , Modern Prescull. Boston. Mus (m) ...... 75 1 55 so

""""’1" 1“.“ H ”. w H "l K“ (1 gm .‘ :Plctorial Review N. Y. (m) ................. 100175 30

southern tour tiers of ('x’lllllllir‘F-j 9...-i80 in E Woman's Home Companion,N, Y.... I 50 2 05 1 25

“till“;llfill‘l1.3.3113. 1;: lie: n

“0" Iern coun ( V' " a - American Bo Detroit. Mich. m 75

sula. The estimated ”total number oft Little Folks. SJém‘ Mus. (m)...(.....).::: {33192. no

bushels of wheat mailmtcd_ In the NIY‘Sumiay school Times. Philadelphia,

months, _.‘\ue-nst—J:Innarv. is G,751l.tlil(l.l Pa. (w ............................................. 00 l 80 85

Fifty—live mills, elevators and grain ileal- Young People’s WBEKIY- E181“. Ill-(W) 761 45 l





ers report no wheat marketed during Jan-

nary. The average condition of live stock

in the state is reported as follows, com—

parison being with stock in good. healthy

and thrifty condition: Horses and cattle,

96, sheep and swine 97.





 





The 1911 catalogue of the Robert Essex

Incubator (70.. of Buffalo, N. Y., is a. 64-

page book illustrating and describing the

line of incubators, brooders and poultry

supplies manufactured by this firm. It

lists “Everything for Poultry Keepers.”





 





(iv—weekly; III—monthly: a-m—aemI-montnly.)





FREE PREMIUMS.



Those subscribing for the Michigan

Farmer in combination with other papers

are allowed premiums Just the same as

if the order was for the Michigan Farmer

alone. One premium only for every

Michigan Farmer order. Orders for other

papers alone will receive no premium

under any circumstances.
N196 (28>





 





I





 





E: THE DAIRY





WWW—AA

CONDUCTED BY COL()N.C. LlLl-AID.





 





 





 





HOW TO MAKE SOFT CHEESE.



There is a rapidly growing demand ev-

erywhere for the soft varieties of cheese

such as cottage. Neufchatel and cream,

and the manufacture of this class of

cheese is becoming a very remunerative

branch of dairying. The soft varieties of

cheese are deservedly becoming popular

because of their wholesomeness and pal-

atability.



Cottage cheese, which is made from

skim—milk, may be manufactured in eith-

er of two ways, namely, with and without

rennet extract. The cheese resulting from

the use of rennet extract is finer grained

though somewhat more acid than that

obtained without rennet.





 





“"hen rennet extract is used the night’s

separator skim-milk is held at a tempera-

tttre of about (:5 degrees F until the fol-

lowing motnin 3 when it should show about

0.2 ptt (Gilt atid. ’lhe temperature is

then raised to 7.71 degrees F... and rennet

extract added to the skim—milk at the

‘tate of one—twentieth of an ounce (about

one—half teaspoonful) per hundred pounds

of milk. To insure an even distribution

of the rennet, it should be diluted with a.

cup of water before mixing it with the

milk. As soon as the rennet has been

thoroughly mixed with the milk. the lat-

ter shottld be allowed to stand quietly at

a temperature of abottt 70 to 73 degrees

1“. for 24 hours. when a firm card will

have fort‘ned. The curd is now carcfttllv

dumped into a cotton bag or strainer and

allowed to drain utttil all free moisture

has escaped. Salt is next added at the

rate of one and onerhalf ounces per ten

pounds of cheese. The palatabtlity of the

cheese is much imtn'ovct'l by adding a.

small amount of rich ercato to the cheese.



\‘1'l1cu no rennet is used the following

method will produce a \'<':;' satisfactory

cheese: Allow the skim-milk to sour at

a temperature of from {W to let'- (ll-grees

l“. and when thoroughly curdltd. thc cttrd

should be broken up with any convenient

stirring implement or, better. cut up tine

with special cheese knives and the tem—

perature raised to 1011 deg rees F. The

heating should be done by placing the.

vessel containing the cheese into a water

teservoir of some kind. care being taken

that the temperature of the water never

(cheds lit) degrees 1”. During the heat—

ing process the curd shottld be constantly

stirred to prevent its forming into lumps.

\\'hen the curd has. reached a tctnptraturc

of 104 degrees F‘. the temperature of the,

vatcr surrounding it should be reduced to

about ltlt‘. degrees I“., and the stirring

continttcd for about forty minutes when

the whey may be drained off. The draiu~

ing is best accomplished in a tin strainer

covered with a piece of cheesecloth. 'l‘hc

curd must be hand—stirred as soon as it

has been dumped ittto the strainer. but

the stirring should be done very gently at

the start to prevent loss by washing the

curd particles. (‘ontinue the stirring 'uu—

til the cttrtl is tirtu enough to prevent the

particles sticking together, which usually

requires about tlvc minutes. As soon as

the cttrd has been stirred dry enough it

is wrapped iii the cloth strainer and

squeezed with the hands until most of the

free whey has been removed. that is. un—

til it is dry though to permit granttlating‘

it to line particles by rubbing with the

hands.



“hen the curd has been squeezed (by

(enough and thoroughly granulated by rub—

bing and stirring with the hands, it

should be salted at tltc rate of about one

and one—half ounces of salt per ten lbs.

of curd. After salting the cttrd is soaked

with sweet milk ttntil it assumes a moist

condition. The amount of milk required

for this purpose varies from one and one-

half to two quarts for every ten gallons

of skim—milk used. About two~thirds of

the tuilk is added immediately after salt—

ing, after whit'h tltc curd is set aside for

about ten minutes when the soaking may

be, completed by adding the remaining

third of the milk.



The amount of milk used for soaking

varies somewhat from day to day depend—





ing upon the amount of moisture left in‘





it at the time of salting. 'l‘he rttle to fol—

low is to leave the curd fairly 1..oist but

not so moist as to have the milk drip

from it.



Cheese made by this method is milder

and has better keeping quality than that

made by the method requiring the use of

rennet extract. However, if a more acid

cheese is desired the soaking may be

done with sour instead of sweet milk.





/





‘tIJIlllel‘ prints.





-





THE MICHIGAN FARMER:





The same packages will answer for

cheese made by either of the two meth-

ods. For simplicity and cheapness there

is no better method of packing than the

following: \Vith an ordinary butter print-

er, print t'he cheese in one—pound blocks

and then cut the blocks in two. This will

make packages weighing one—half pound

each. The half—pound blocks are wrapped

in thin parchment or oiled paper in a

manner similar to wrappitlg one—pound

The sheets of parchment

or oiled paper for this purpose should be

six inches wide by tett and one—half

inches long. Any dealer in dairy supplies

can furnish this paper at a very small

cost. If the cheese is to be sold in one-

pouud packages the wrapping paper

should be eight and one-half inches wide

by ten and one—half inches long. Cottage

cheese may also be packed in water-

proof packages sttch as are used for car-

rying ice cream, oysters. etc. The

fiber butter boxes, made of pasteboard

and lined with parchment paper, will also

be fottnd satisfactory for this purpose.

lloth of the above styles of package should

be lined 'with parchment paper before

putting the cheese into tltcm.



The yield of cottage cheese. when made

according to the methods herein described

will approximate 15 lbs. of cheese per

1th lbs of skim—milk. The average retail

price of the cheese is ten cents per pound.



XVhen much cheese is made. it shottld

be. matkcted at fancy grocery stores and

meat markets. If made on farms that

operate daily milk routes iii the city. much

cheese can be sold on these routes to con-

sumers direct, tlttts saving the middle—

man's profits.



\\'here only 20 lbs. or less of cottage

cheese are made at a time the skim-milk

is best handled in “shot—gun" catts, which

have a capacity of about :45 lbs. "\‘heu

more than 20 lbs. of cheese are made at

a. time. small cheese or cream vats will

be found most satisfactory for handling~

the skint—milk.



The method of manufactttring Heufchatel

and cream cheese will be dcseril.)cd in an—

other article.



\Visconsin, JottN Ntcums.





THE BEST COW STALL.





\X'ill you please send me an outline of

your cow mangers and stalls?



Kent. Co. C. F. T.



If C. l“. T. has been a subscriber to

the Michigan Farmer for any considerable

length of time he must ltavc seen the

description of the model cow stall and can

get this by referring to the files of his.

paper. Twice. to my certain knowledge.

a sketch of this stall has been published.

tt’tgether with a word picture of it. How-

ever. I suppose that C. I“. '1‘. may be a.

new subscriber or it may be that when

these articles were, published he was not

interested in cow stalls, or he may be one

of the readers of the Michigan Farlllct‘

who do not keep the Farmers on tile. l.

of course. atn perfectly willing to reprint

the description of a model cow stall if it

does not become a bore in the majority

of the readers of the. dairy department.



The model stall is a good stall. there

is no (tttestion about that. It has stood

the test. It is practical and convenient

and keeps the cows clean. 1 do not say

that there are no other good stalls. and

there may be some stalls that are better

in some respects. perhaps in all respects,

'but this last statement, I dottbl.



Now. the philosophy of the model stall

is this. You bttild a cement manger the

entire length of the stable. this is only

four inches high. and above this cement

manger 2.9 inthes you begin the bottom of

the hay manger—this is narrow at the

bottom. not over four or six inches wide.

On the feeding alley side .vott board this

up so that your manger will be four feet

high. Below the bottom of the hay man—

ger you leave an opening through which

ensilage and grain can be put. Some have

a door on hinges that lifts up, which is

very well indeed. but a wide board on the

bottom and thcn a space not large enough

for the cows to get through with their

head. and the balance boarded up. an—

swers every purpose and does away with

the door. Now. on the side of the manger

towards the cow you nail slats to this

2x4 or 2x6. which is the bottom of the hay

manger. and. have them slant 11p and

back towards the cow at an angle of 45

degrees and long enough so that the top

of the slats will be lever with the front of

the hay manger or alley side of it.



Then .vou add a partition between each

cow. Now you can tie the cow with a

chain around her neck. with a halter. or

almost any way that you choose. You

can fasten the chain to a staple driven

into the bottom of the hay manger or

into the side of the stall.





The really important thing about the

consruction of this stall is that, when the

cow is eating out of the lower manger

notice where site stands with her hind

feet and then ‘put a 2x4 up edgewise

across the stall just in front of her hind

feet. Now the space between this ~2x4

and the manger gradually fills up with

bedding so that the cow has a straw bed

four inches deep to lie upon. “Then she

gets through eating her grain. in order

to raise up her head She must back up

because these slats compel her to, conse—

quently she does not get onto her bed

with her dirty feet and when she lies

down she must step up and lie on this

bed or lie just over the edge of the 2x4.

She soon finds that this is not restful and

soon learns to lie where she belongs. In

this way she is kept clean and comfort—

able.



A TALK ON FEEDS.



'l‘he senses of smell and taste. unless

depraved and dulled by excesses. are safe

guides as to foods that may enter the

stomach of the animals. The processes

of digestion is completed only when the

food admitted to the stomach is palatable

and has been eaten with a rclish. Be—

cause dairy cows are kept confined in a

stable where they cannot use their in—

stinctive preference in the choice of feeds,

hunger leads them to eat many things

which are by no means suitable to their





needs and which they cannot completely,





digest and assimilate.





The chemist may analyze musty grain.l

t





and report as high an amount of protein

as found in sound. dry grain. but this

does not signify that it is as valuable a

food fer his cattle. The manufacturers

of many mixed feeds recognize the high

value of palatability and can make the





screenings of the mills and low grade‘





cert-als pleasant: to the smell and taste

by smothering the musty odors with con—

diments and appetizers, bttt none of these

iltasant smelling drugs brings back the

natural sweetness which the Creator

alorc has made a feature of sound grains,

the ideal of the best cattle feeders. Some

of the molasses feeds that are now on

the market are good examples of how un-

palatable feeding stuffs may be utilized

by the addition of a few gallons of sweet.-

t-niug. Such sweetening does not restore

the natural sweetness that makes sound

grains so valuable and hta lthful for 0111

animals.



Among the old standard by—products,





cottonseed meal is one of the most ch-.





nomical sources of protein. bttt during

the past few years prices have increased

so that it is possible to sell inferior goods.

.-\ t‘cw years ago it was possible to buy

plenty of this feed that would analyze

above. 40 per cent protein bttt since pro-

tein feeds have been increasing in value

cottonseed meal is now sold at a guaran-

ll e of about: {l7 per cent protein. In var-

ious digestion experiments it has been

t'cuud that when this fccdstttff falls be—

low 2:3 per cent protein. its digestibility

dctctiorates very rapidly. Protein is the

direct measure of the feeding value of

cottonstcd meal and never allow the deal-

(r to delttde you into the thought that be—

cause his goods are low in protein that

they are cttrresptmdingly rich in some

other valuable constituents. Cottonseed

incal sltottld be fed with caution and it is

safcst and most valuable when mixed

with other bulky and succultut feeds. I

have found it a very desirable feed. \thn

not used in too large quantities it is both

a milk and butter maker. bttt to cows

that weigh less than .l.tttttl pounds it is not

best to fccd more than two to two and

wnc~half pounds a day. Fed in this quan-

tity. it has a very beneficial effect on the

butter. ‘liardening it and making it churn

more easily. If you feed too much it has

an injurious effect upon the cows, and

also upon the duality of the butter.

' Linseed oil meal is a medicine as well

as a valuable food for dairy cattle. Use

the “old process" linsccd oil meal in

preference to the “new process” as it

contains more oil than the latter and is

considered more digestible. If fed within

reason it is a valuable dairy food. It is

beneficial to the bowels and. less heating

than the cottonseed meal. If too much is

fed, it has a tendency to soften the but—

ter and causes the cattle to scour. Two

or three pounds a day is enough to feed a

cow that is in fttll flow of milk. It has

an anal1s1s of about 29 to" “8’ per cent pro—

tein and about seven per cent fat.



Gluten meal, when it is the pure gluten





‘meal and not doctored, is a rich and val-





uable protein, a safe food when fed in

moderation. It is to be regretted that its

popularity has caused it to be mixed and

adulterated with various other feeds and

sold as gluten feed. The pure gluten meal





 





 





 





FEB. 18,1911





get all

the ’

dope





Ifyou’re only film

about a cream separa-

tor don’t‘ fail to do a

thorough job so that

when yOu .buy you’ll

buy £i_g_h_t_._ Look up

the merits and faults

of all the various

kinds; ask everybody

you see using a sepa-

rator how he feels

about it; get all the

catalogs, and don’t

overlook the Economy

Chief Dairy Guide for

I9l I. It’s worth a lot

of money to dairy

farmers in every state.

Ask for a free copy

today.





Sears, Roebuck and Co.





Chicago, Illinois





 





 





The lHinman





Milking Machine





The Hinmnn is the logical machine for

you to buy, because it is the logical

method of Increasing your profits and

reducing expensive labor.





 





 





 





 





 





Farmers and dairymen all over America

are finding the llitunan all that we claim it

to be. ’l‘heir opinions and orders show you

that the llinman makes agood because it is the

only machine that is absolutely right in

principle and execution





Write today for free

descriptive matter.





HINMAN MILKING MACHINE CO.





 





 





 





 





 





L39 Seneca St., Oneida, N. Y.





 





 





Dairymen 12.22::





DRIED BEET PULP





thtsyear. You can not lose but you 11 ill rofit b1 doing

so. Used b.1 many of the. best; feeders oFthe state. \\Il()

find it a 1aluable feed selling below it.’ a true feeding

v ahte as tonipared to the other feeds and grain.



( heaper r. and gives better results than bran for

11hic h it. is substituted by the best; datr1mcn



Forms a. valuable addition to any ration being 1et_c-



table. the mechanical efl'e(t is good which causes a

better assimilation of the other feeds.



lspeciallv good with cotton seed meal as it: countet

at ts the objectionnl features of this feed.



Dried Beet Pulp will cheapen any ration. Substitute

it. for a portion of the ration 1ou use and .1011 will

secure better results in both production and improv e-

ment in the health of .1011: animals.



Call on your dealer if he cannot supply you write





T. F. MARSTON

Center St., Bay City, Mich.

Michigan Broker [or the ganulacturcrs.





 





 





GALVE RAISE TflgongrlII'aOUT MILK.

J. E. BARTLETT. 00.. Jackuon. Mlch.
’ \1 fig. ~





 





 





 





I

‘ .’§‘~aan~





. 2.1.2.. “





‘alysis when you ar





_ («5A. ‘





FEB. 18, 1911.





usually carries about 26 to 28 per cent





, of protein and from 36 to 40 per cent of





carbohydrates and .12 per cent of fat.

Chicago gluten has an analysis of 32 per

cent protein, 214 per cent carbohydrates

and only five per cent of fat. This makes

a very highly concentrated protein food to

feed alone unmixed. and it should- always

be fed in connection with the more bulky

foods or sickness is likely to follow its

feeding. Always study its chemical an-

e buying this feed and

if it is too low you will know that it has

been adulterated and unsafe to feed at

all. .

Brewers’ and distillers‘ dried grams are

the residues resulting from the operations

of malting and brewing. In matting bar-

ley, they allow the grain to sprout, and

before the malted grains are crushed for

brewing purposes these sprouts are re-

moved, which, in their air dry form are

known to the trade as malt sprouts. They

are poorer in starch and richer in protein

than the entire barley grain and are

properly regaded as a nitrogeneous feed-

ing stuff.





New York. W, MILTON KELLY.





THE DAIRY cow. ,





 





The dairy cow does more than bring





financial success to the dairy farmer. She

makes him a better citizen than he would

otherwise be. Her influence upon home

conditions is a most pleasing contribution

to those factors which are responsible for

the changed conditions which prevail in

the farm homes of today. Thousands 0t

these homes are now characterized by

comfort and happiness where formerly

they were blighted by drudgery and un-

happiness.



Better financial conditions

tributed to this change. and the dairy cow

has been in no small measure responsible.

She has contributed in still another way.

The dairy cow teaches kindness. Her

owner soon learns that only by treating

her kindly can he secure the highest pos-

sible returns from her, and she responds

quickly to kind words and proper care.

Her disposition is one that the human

family might well emulate. She is patient

and long-suffering, acquicsl-lug mutely in

the arrangements made by her owner for

carrying on the dairy business, striving

at all times to repay him for every cdort

made for her care and comfort.



The members of the family, as they

come in contact with hcr and her kindly

disposition. are influenced for good. As

they appreciate the financial benefit to

come from caring for her well they take

a deeper interest in her. In doing so they

unconsciously cultivate those qualities

which make them better citizens.



The dairy cow—the prototype of man‘s

best friend—is wielding a greater influ-

ence than she is generally credited with.

She has always been found in the front

ranks in the march of civilization and no

agricultural country can long prosper

without her. She is a potent factor in the

upbuildlng of such a country, financially,

and socially and a wise people will appre-

ciate her and encourage the industry of

which she is the foundation.



Minn.





have con-





S. W. S.





ON THE HERD.





Again and again. at the close of a

farmers’ institute some half discouraged

man has approauhcd inc and said. “Our

cows are good for nothing; there is no use

in trying to feed them; they are not worth

it; the venture will not pay out; we lrlve

got to send outs'de and buy some pure—

bred cows. \thre can we get them?"

And when I tell them to build on whit

they have. these men turn away from me,

dissatisfied. because they lack the faith

that every man should have to make the

best of his own environments.



The beginncr in duirying should have

an ideal in his mind in relation to the

herd and he should have a strong purpose

to realize it. Only yesterday I saw a man

with one of the best dairies in this sec-

tion. “When I began,” he said. “it was

my ideal to have a herd of cows that:

would average 300 lbs. of butter per year.

I worked toward that ideal all the time

and last year my average was :ms lbs.

which gave me a net profit of more than

$50 per cow.” Now, the beginner in

dairying should not be content wrth a

lower ideal than this; but to realize it

the herd must be right and the question

is, how is he to begin to build up his

herd? But before he can even begin he

must have faith enough in the business

to enable him to hold on, though diffi—

culties confront him. He must have cor-

rect ideas regarding the value of the

pure—bred sire, and an appreciation of the





THE MICHIGAN FARMER- , V (29»





worth of the Superior cow, as the mother

of his future herd. He must discard the





Scrub sire and resort at once to means-





for ascertaining the individual worth of

every cow in his possession.



To weigh and test the milk requires but

little time, and the results will repay

him many fold. We do not need to weigh

each mess of milk for, by weighing it one

day in each month and testing smilplcs‘

ot‘ the milk weighed, we are able to esti-

mate very accurately ,the amount of but-

ter~fat produced in a year by the indi-

vidual cow. The difference in the pro-

ducing power of the animals in the herd

is so marked that it is necessary to know

each cow individually. If we desire to

improve the herd we must save the heif-

ers from the best cows. It will surprise

us when we know what the individuals

of our herd are doing. We shall then learn

the difference between the truth in this

matter and mere guess work and shall

find that some of the cows that we have

hitherto judged unworthy a place in the

stable are among the best in our herd.



The heifer calves must receive the best

of care from the start. We can now of-

ford this for we hope to make of them

better cows than those we now have.

They should be kept growing every day.

\Ve need not feed them whole milk for

more than a. few days, but the skim‘milk

should be gradually introduced and the

ration balanced by a very little grain

which can be increased slowly as the

animals require. Ground fiaxseed fed in

small quantities is very good. I was for—

tunate recently in obtaining some of this

from a farmer in the northern part of the

state. If we can find someone who is

growing flax and buy the seed directly of[

him, we can have flaxsced meal at a price

that is very reasonable. We should teach

the calves to eat their grain dry as soon





 





 





as possible. Calves will eat a quantity

of whole corn, chewing it well and thrlv-l

ing on it, as the cu1"holiydrutus in tho!

corn are balanced by the protein which"

1:; found in cxl-css in the skim—milk. Two.

or three months before thcsr: helium?

freshen we should begin to feed thci'n‘

grain in small quantities at first. increas—‘l

ing the ration as the days go by. 'i‘hclri

udders will develop under this treatment]l

they will be strong and vigorous :md will

pass ‘through the ordeal of frcsiiehiug,

and be in fine condition for work.

Desiring to build up the herd as rapidly,

as possible, we must take good care ofl

these young cows. We need to Weigh and

test their milk often that we may know

just how wezl they are doing and we necd

to feed them liberally but carefully. his

ways mindful of their health and laccping’

their appetites keen all the time. \Ve can

afford to spend much time in invmxlignt-

ing the daughters of the sire we have

chosen. The sire we want is the one

who gets the largest number of good pm-

dncing animals and we should lose no

time and spare no pains in the effort to

ascertain not only the worth of tho heif-

ers we have grown ourselves but of those

which our neighbors have secured from

the same source. All the heifers will not

be noted producers but we wont to use.

the sire that numbers among his get the

most profitable producing animals. As

we progress in this work our knowledge

Will increase with exporicmc and it will

be easier for us to find out the things we

should know. It is the work of but a

.i'ew NPBJ'S to build a herd of cows that are

]'~i'u<-ticully as good as pure-bred animals.

if we will but stick to our ideal. But he

who doubts and \vavcrs must fall out of

the procession. liaving once chosen our

breed of cows We should stick to it. noth-

ing but harm can result from mixed

lit-ceding. especially where the breeds

differ widely in general characteristics.

The Jersey, the Guernsey, and the HoL

stcin are good dairy animals and he who

chooses either of these breeds will make

no mistake. If he will keep his ideal in

mind. cull out the unworthy specimens

that are bound to appear from time to

time, and pcrscverc he will win out in iltoI

(-nd. Thcre is not a man who reads ill-N"

little article who cannot build up his hcrd‘

and make it produce profitfi‘ibly, if he will'

but follow these simple suggestions (with

not be turned aside by small abstat-log,

We should make larger investments in?

dairying. the time is ripe for this, priccsi

are right for all dairy products and no

business possible on the form will pay us

better. ‘

Oceana Co. W_ F. TAYLOR.

W I

The dairy barn should always be neatl

and clean. Occasionally it is necessary tol

do a little extra—wash the winclOws,“

sweep down cobwebs, and pick up mate—4

rials that have reached out-of—the-wayI

places. Now is the right time for this.





 





 





~





197





DE LAVAL

2—3 OT HER





DREAM SEPARATDRS





Every separator manufacturer and dealer attempting

to compete with the DE LAVAL today claims his

machine to be “like the DE LAV AL,” “as good as

the DE LAVAL,” or “about the same as the DE LAVA L.”

Some even go so far as to

falsely assert that it is licensed





under DE LAVAL patents.





 





Their claims are true

only to the extent that

every one of them IS





making a machine after some

DE LAVAL type of ten

to twenty years ago, on

which the DE LAVAL

patents have expired. But

these copied old DE

LAVAL types were either

never good enough for the

De La *al Company to actu-

ally manufacture itself or

have been (llSCilI‘llt’tl by it

zit least ten years ago in its

constant development and

improvement of the cream

separator.



a single one of these





 





 





 





 





-





would-be imitating





Not

competing machines is in any way like the improved





DE LAVAL separator of TODAY. None of them is

capable of doing as good work, or being run, cleaned

and handled as easily. None of them is nearly as well

built or will last half as long.



There is not a prospective buyer of a. separator

anywhere who cannot SEE and PROVE the important

difference FUR Hli‘lb‘ELF it' he will only go to the

trouble of looking up the nearest DE LAVAL agent or

writing the Company if he can’t find one.



It is well worth while for every intending buyer to

do this. It means a saving in quantity and quality of

cream and butter, time and trouble, twice a day, or

every time he puts milk through the separator. It





means a machine that will last twenty years instead

of a few months or perhaps as long as live years at





the outside.



It’s the pleasure as well as the business of every

DE LAVAL agent to explain and demonstrate the

difference between DE LAVAL and other separators.



Why not take advantage of this and at least SEE

and TRY 3 DE LAVAL before hulking so important an

investment as the purchase of :1. Cream Separator?





THE DE LAVAL SEPARATOR CO.





165-167 BROADWAY 4: E. MAmsoN svruuwr inn-nu & SANRAMENTU 81‘s





 





 





NEW YORK CHICAGO SAN FRANCISCO

173-177 WILLM n S'l‘llEET i4 & m PRINCESS STREET ion; Wus'rnnx AVENUE

MONTREAL WINNIPEC SEATTLE





 





Silo Buyers, Be Warned!





‘flloro'l danger in buying or buildin I lilo until you are fully informed on the silo ueation. The

right silo moans doub yourdo rs in profits from milk. butter and flock flesh. quu can't

- afiord to make a mistake. n't be confused by all the disputes and arguments

over materials and construction. Use our In: stock of proved information. The



has been in the silo manufacturing busi-

Farmers Handy wagon co- nose for many years. We have bUIl

thousands of I|lOI mum now giving satisfaction; we have letters from thousands of farmers—

stock raisers—dairymen. This information is our: for the asking. Wnteus today. With our pur-

Ionnl letter we will send you our famoul 5110 k. illustrating IiiOl r! by part. Judge for

yourself. Your silo is an investment It should last you to: yous. at as tell you all about 1‘

the silo does not. Write today. (12)

Address Ask for 8880131 Price on WEIR WIND SILO FILLER t.

FARMERS HANDY WAGON OHPMV. STATION . iltlfllw. MICHIGAN

Branches: Western Fety. Sta. W. Du Ioiueo. Ia. Northwestern Pcty . Sb. 3. Iinncapolis. Klan.





   

   

   

   





 

 





 

 

 

 





 





   

   

   

 





 





Please mention the Michigan Farmer when you





lare writing to advertisers and you will do us a favor.
(30)





198





MAKING THE DAIRY BUSINESS PAY.



Dairying is a great business and the

man who is making a success of it is the

one who is striving to keep up with the

times. He is always looking for ways in

which to advance. He has learned that

to know how to milk a cow and make

butter are only small items in the dairy-

ing business. He has learned that he

must study the breeds and find which

is best adapted to his farm and the

branch of dairying that is being pursued.

He must know about animal form and its

relation to economical production and the

grading up of a herd by breeding along

proper lines; the kinds of food and how

to proportion them so as to get the best

the best results both in production of

milk and in the promotion of the health

of the herd; the proper construction and

equipment of his barn: how to handle the

milk so as ot get best results. These are

some of the tliirgs he must study con-

tinuously, so that he will be ever improv—

ing and keeping up with the times. He

must preduce more and at less cost.

cows themselves are the first considera-

tion. They must be of the breeds that

have been bred up for dairy purposes

alone. The dual purpose cow is only a

delusion. She is not a profit maker for a

row is either good for dairy purposes or

for beef; she can't be profitable for both.





 





The ‘





 





The finest dairy herds today. are com-

p‘osed oi‘ Ayrshires, Guernsoys, llolsteins,

.Terseys that have. through the many years

past, been bred for milk-produi-ing pur-

I‘ulSt-S alone. There are plenty of bulls

of (lies: excellent breeds and by a care-

.”ul system of breeding, any herd should

be graded up to a high standard.



No matter how carefully bred tip a

herd is. the best results will not be ob—

tained unless economical methods of feed—

ing are used. 'lzy t-t-oiimiiical methods I

do not mean scant feeding. but balancing

the cow's rations so that they will give

best results. The rations of grain. grasses





 





and roots must be so l‘t‘tl that the cow

will get the proper elonii ms for producing

milk and maintaining her own health and

vigor. The food must bt- so given that

the (row will not become tired ot' any one

thing.r but the different things should be so

blended as to give ‘lier a

each. There are times when some things,

should be fed in greater quantities than

others. The cow that is to )ll‘tltlllt’t‘ a

«all? should have an abundance of bone

and inusele-bnllding food with plenty of

sui-eiilent matter. The cow is a ‘hard—

Working machine and must be given care

01' she will not give the best ot‘ results.

It has not bet-n so many years since

most, dairynien let their eows stand in any





{stilllt'lt‘l‘ii'y UL





 





 





sort of a building during the winter. but

they now realize that the row must have

warm quarters so that she will turn her:

food into milk instead of using it to keep“

The stable must lw \varin,‘

yet have good ventilation so that the.

cows can all plenty of fresh air. (‘loan-l

liness is another inatttrr of great import-l





herswlt‘ warm.





ant-e. Thi- tloor upon which the cows‘

stand should be of the proper length so!

that droppings will fall into the gutter;





behind the cows. Keep all litter cleanedE

tip so that there will be nothing to impart

odor to the milk. See that the rows have:

plenty of water. warm in winter and pure





1.1 ali times. Thi- man who allows his

ions to get. their supply of drinking wat-

er from a scum—rtivered. stagnant pond





is not worthy of being called a dairyman.

These are a few of the things a dairy—

man must study and learn. if he expects

tz- niakt- zl sueorss.

«hiss dairy products is practically unlim-

itiid and higher than over

l (-fore.

l-rains is the one who is

in the daii‘ying business today.

(no of them and are you doing your best?

S. COani.i..





the prim-s are

The man who ('(lll and

making money,

.\re you





('lhio.

Iniiry interosts havo run against a snag,

the cold storage warehousis of the coun—

try having overdone the business in buy—





ing and storing buttor l-ist .lllll(‘, lie-

cently owners of this butter have been

forced in some instances 'to offer their





goods on the market in (“hicatrir the

banks refusing to extend their loans, and

creamery butter that cost from 27 to 29

cents Dt'l‘ pound last June has been dis-

posed of at. 24 cents. This means that

owners not only lost several cents a





pound by selling below cost. but they also

sacrificed the interest on their invest-

ments. as well as insurance and storage

charges. The singularly mild and pleas-

ant weather experienced during the au-

tumn and early winter has resulted in a

mllt‘ll larger flow of milk than usual, feed

being plentiful nearly everywhere. and

this has brought about a. largely increased

output of butter. so that the demand for





cold storage butter has been much below

the average.





____,—.—...vu7 —s~





will use lllS‘





 





The market for liigl'i— ;





 





\





THE ‘MICHIGAN FARMER.





95





——

————_





 





.1  





AND -UPWARD





THIS OFFER 15 NO CATCH.

It is a solid, fair and square

proposition to furnish a brand new,

well made and well finished cream

separator complete, subject toa

long trial and fully guaranteed,

for $15.95. Dificerent from this

picture which illustrates our large

capacity machines. Skims Iquart of

milk a minute, hot or cold; makes

thick or thin cream and does it;

just as well as any higher priced





machine. Any boy or girl can run

it: sitting down. The

crank is only 5 inches





long. Just think of that!

The bowl is a sanitary

marvel, easily cleaned,

and embodies all our latest

improvements. Gears run

in anti-friction bearings

and thoroughly protected.

Before you decide on a

cream separator of any

capacity whatever, obtain

our $15.95 proposition.





 





Eight Styles





To Choose From





RETURN OR ENDLESS

APRON





 





 

 





run it.





book.





   

 

 





ated without stopping the team; automatically balances the load; is no

simple of construction and so easily Operated that any boy,who can drive a teanman

Send for FREE Catalog.



So confident are we that our machine will stand on its meritthat we guarantee the Appleton





Manure Spreader to beamd to do.all that we claim for it in our spreader

This book of facts is tree to you.





APPLETON MFG. CO. 220 Fargo St., Batayia, lll.





Send for It today.





THE Low





1) 0 w N AMER

SEPARATOR





EXCELS ANY SEPARA'l'OR IN THE WORLD





OUR LIBERAL TRIAL ENABLES YOU

TO DEMONSTRATE THIS. While our prices

for all capacities are astonishingly low, the qual-

ity is high. Our machines are up to date, well

built and handsomely finished; run easier,

skim closer, have a simpler bowl with fewer

parts than any other cream separator. T hou-

sands of machines in use giving splendid satis-

faction. Write for our 1911 catalog. We

will send it free, postpaid. "-It is richly illus-

trated, shows the machines in detail and tells

all about the American Separator.

Our surprisingly liberal long time

trial proposition, generous terms of

purchase and the low prices quoted

will astonish you. “76 are the

oldest exclusive manufacturers of

hand separators in America and the

first to sell direct to the user. , We

cannot, afford to sell an article that

is not absolutely first class. You

save agent's, dealer’s and even cata-

log house’s profits by dealing with

us and at the same time obtain the

finest and highest quality machine

on the market. Our own (manu-

facturer’s) guarantee protects you

on every American Separator. We

ship immediately. Western orders

filled from Western points. Write

us and get. our great offer and hand-

some free catalog. ADDRESS,





BAINBRIDGE, N. Y.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





1061,





Appleton Manure Spreader





WITH ITS SOLID OAK FRAME.





The frame is the foundation ofamanure spreader—4t must, stay square and

level or the machinery parts Will soon stop working right. Our frame

is made of solid oak—every pieceis carefully select:





ed, every piece well seasoned. It is braced and

trusscd by steel rods.so that it is always square and

always level,all the time and under all condi~

tions. There is no other wood as good as



oak.ior this purpose.and there is ab-

solutely no other frame equal



to the Appleton. See the

picture—t h a 1: will



0 o 1] Vin e. e any

practical



mun.





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 





. The Frame That’s Always

on the Square.





Here‘s a combination of the

toughest Wood, the strongest}

metal and common sense.





 

 

   





 

 





 





   

 

 





   

 





 

 

 





Appleton :17

A BOY Spreader is 'easy to load, glfg:

CAN easy to haul;spreads thinly or thickly and _,i_!:LLl'/>f'pjsE-l

RUN alwayu evenly, from start to finish; has posmve forcefeed;

IT pulverizes thoroughly; doesn’t bunch;has a changeable feed,oper—





 





 

   

   

   

 

 

 





 

 

 





 

 

 





The all oak frame.

Steel braced and Steel

trussed.





Branches:

Minneapolis. Minn.

Kansas City. Mo.





Council alum. 1.. ,‘





   





 





 

 

 





 





~ 512-3.? ix





1‘ S





 





 

 





Dreader





 

 





in any other spreader.





In advance—no “C.





cylinder an rake, the double front.

unbreakable fifth wheel and all the other





AMERICAN HARROW





   





Detroit-American Spreasder





More Steel Than In Any Other





size spreader you want, here it is at a price that you can’t resist.

That's anal/arr reason tar strength and light draft.

other manufacturer or dealer can touch our proposition to you.





A Trial That IS Face—No Money Down—Freight Paid—Cash or

redlt





Let us show you the style and size Detroit-American that;

meets your needs—freight paid on 80 days trial without a. cent;

0. I)."——no deposit. See how they are made

and how the work. Note tlieslx clinn es of feed, the all steel

olster the big 15-inch



betrolt-Amerlcan

advantages. It you don‘t want the Detroit-American after the





COMPANY. 939 HASTINGS STREET. DETROIT. MICHIGAN





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Beat Them All





Last year when we came out with 19 new improvements

on Detroit-American Spreaders. everybody thoughtwe had

reached the climax of value. But this year we jump still

further in the lead with better Spreaders and bigger value

than even we have ever been able to ofier before. Detroit-

Americans beat them all again. Look here! Endless apron.

return apron, steel or wood wheels. 50 to 100 bu. capacity—

also Wagon Box Style—and each Detroit-American an

absolutely gearless spreader. There’s no complicated mech-

anism-no lost motion. So simple that it is proof against

mistakes of boy or careless help. No matter what style or

There‘s more steel in the Detroit-American than

Get our book and you'll know why no





Again





Wrile For Our Book

to See Real Bargains





Sm





Delivered In Michigan. more

in other states for same style

owing to Increased lrelghl

charges. That's the bed rock

point at which our 1911 prices

start. From there up—a ma-

chine Ior every man-End-

less or Return Apron. Wood

or steel wheels-ca aclty 50

to 100 bu. or Wa on ox style.

Take your cho ce—each the

one big bargain at the yer.





Guaranteed Forever



trlul, we’ll pay the freight back. If you decide to keep it, send

the money or pay on time. You are the judge and your word

goes. Remember, this proposition is on the style and size

spreader you want. Don’t. pay a. dollar on any spreader till

you get our book. Also shown the famous Detroit~American

Tongueless Discs and Detroit-American Cultivators. Write

postal now. Address





 





le Brand Bolton Seed Meal





4! Percent Protein Guaranteed





Standard for 35 Years.



Corn can’t; replace cottonseed meal.



Animals need Protein. Feed a balanced ration.

Write for our booklet “Science of Feeding.”



F. W. BIIOIIE a. 60.. Mamnhls. Tonnouu—Estubllshed 1875





THE LARGEST AND BEST LINE OF





WELL DRILLING





MACHINERY inAmerica, We





have been mak-

Ing it for over 20 years. Do not buy until you

see our new Illustrated Catalogue No. 14. Send





tori thow. It Is FREE.





Austin Manufacturing 00., Ilhlcago





mum; Dairymen Take a Look at

"“W" the Strite Governor Pulley.

It's the original and

“only thing" for driving

cream separators with

gasoline engines. Once

a tried. always used. TRY

ONE. Ask your dealer

for a "STRITE" or

write us direct. Don’t

take an imitation.



Strite Governor Pulley Co.,





a.” _, , , 303 90. Third an.

- __sm:.'n;, Minneapolis, Minn-l





 





Hard"





1





I

i





 





 





i





1 «3.2"





:gfi,





7:26





l”

,7



.3:

.
L





5.x.





1.

. Axum.“





., w





a»:





@3725“;





4...... .64... a. 1.399





a





   

 





 





' failure to make a profit.





should be his motto.

'reason so many of our farmers use poor





Fan. 18, 1911.

WHY SOME DAIRYMEN FAIL.





 





It ‘is not always wise to diversify our

farm practice to Such an extent that the

main lines demand too much of our time

and thus cause a neglect in the proper

management of some affairs and result in

I, tl-erefore, be-

lieve that dairying should be made more

of a. business than we are inclined to

make it at the present time. This does

not mean that we should give up all oth-

er lines of farming while in the dairying

business, but that if we engage in the

keeping of cows, we should give it suffi-

cient study to make a fair profit. The

trouble with the dairy business today,

beyond the question of a doubt, is that

it is being carried on by farmers and not

dairymen, who know little or nothing

about the profit or loss of the animals

they are keeping. This, coupled with

their lack of knowledge in the care and





keeping of such stock, results in a very.





poor average earning for the average

milch cow. It would be better for all

concerned if more men made dairying a.

business. As for the small holder and

renter, he cannot afford to keep poor cows

for it has been demonstrated most thor-

oughly that the poor cow actually brings

about a loss to her keeper, instead of a

profit, and a few good cows, if any at all,

I. believe that the





and inferior sires in their herds, is due to

the fact that they are not in the dairy

business, but that it is a side issue and,

therefore, they feel that they cannot af—

ford a better sire. This, you know, is a

great mistake and perhaps is one Of the

most severe on the industry from a na-

tional standpoint.

Nebraska.





THE MAN BEHIND THE COW.





A. L. HAECKER.





 





He who prefers to handle the horses,

sheep or other live stock and merely tol-

crates the cow because he thinks there is

more money to be made that way, is not

apt to succeed. There must be an in—

born love of the business, a natural fond-

ness for the calf, the heifer, the mature

animal, combined with a hearty sympathy

for the stock under his care in order to

get the best possible results.



In every dairy community there are men

who are more successful than their neigh—

bors, and for this there is more than a

passing reason. Dairying, as much or

more than any other branch of agricul—

ture. demands careful study, business

foresight, good judgment and a natural

adaptability for the work. Here the

square peg in the round hole is not more

completely out of place than the dairy—

man who does not enter heart and soul

into his calling. To begin with. the man

behind the cow must be of the right kind,

not a horseman, nor a sheep man, but a

cow man, and a. dairy cow man at that.



(liven the right kind of a man, the next

consideration is the cow. Those about to

engage in dairying frequently propound

this question to those who have had ex-

pericnce: ”What breed shall I start

with?” In this connection I will say, that

all the recognized dairy breeds are good.

Let the prospective dairyman look over

the different breeds, and select thc one he

likes best and also to suit his conditions,

whether Jerseys, Guernscys or Holsteins,

but it is to be hoped you will not make

the mistake of starting with a lot of beef

breed cows, expecting to breed a success—

ful dairy herd, \Vhile it may not be an

absolute impossibility to do this in a.

measure, but the time, trouble and ex-

pense involved are too great to warrant

the undertaking. The chances are that

the majority of the animals will be more

profitable for beef carcasses than for milk

and butter. The two do not mix well,

except in very occasional instances.



The decision as to which breed is the

one for any particular person must be

decided by the man himself. lie shoubl

follow his'pcrsonal preference, consistent

with his existing conditions. If the Jer—

sey, who has well and deservedly won a

place of distinction in the, dairy ranks,

will best fit the conditions, then make the

Jersey your choice. If you prefer the

Guernseys. possessing about the same

general characteristics as the Jerseys,

you will do well to select that breed. Pos-

sibly you care not at all for those, but see

greater advantages in the Holstc‘ns, with

their big frames, easy milking teats and

large production of milk. If so. then the

Holstein is the cow to use. All are good.





The main ‘ihing is to get the kind best

liked. considering the work that is re-

quired 0'! them, then study to get the very





best animals of the breed and give them

the best of care. . '



There are two ways of getting a start

in dalrying. A man, if he has the means.

can go out and buy his cows, or he may

grade up the ones he already has.



Many good working herds are grades

brought up, by continued use of pure-bred

males, to a point where they are pram,

tically thoroughbred. So far as work is;

concerned. they are as good. I



Personally, I have tried ms and knowi

that it can be made a success. I can

recommend it as an inexpensive way of

securing a. good working herd and if

judicious selection of males is made, the

increase will gradually drop the charac-

teristics of the grade dams and take on

the traits and ccncral appearance of the

breed represented by the sire, so that

there will be a marked uniformity

throughout, something highly desirable in

any herd.



While this is a slow process, it is just

as certain, and is the poor man's way of

getting good cows.



Yet, at the same time I would certainly

advise the beginner to secure a start with

pure-bred animals, even though the start

be small.



The mere matter of a pedigree and a

registry certificate means additional dol-

lars on a sale sometimes, although there

may be no appreciable difference in merit

between them and some grade individuals.

A heifer calf in two years will be giving

milk With the number of pure—bred ani—

mals increased to two. In a few years

quite a number will follow from even so

small a beginning.





Illinois. R. B. RUSIIING.





 





MICHIGAN DAIRYMEN’S 1911 MEET-

‘ lNG.





The 27th annual convention of the

Michigan Dairymen's Association will be

held at Bay City. February 21-24. The.

following four days' program has bccn

arranged. A. perusal of the subjects for

discussion and the men picked to speak

thereon, will certainly constrain men who

have an intcrcst in the dairying business

to be on hand when the president calls

the meeting to order next Tuesday morn!

ing. The program by days is as follows:



Tuesday, 9:00 A. M.





Address Of “kimono—Mayor Hine, Bay

City.



Rcsponse



President’s

Bay City.



Report of secretary and treasurer

S. Powers, Ilart,



Addrcss——E. K. Slotcr, Secretary Na—

tional Dairy linion, Minnesota.



Discussion—Geo. A. True, Armada.



Dairy Farmers’ Session, Tuesday,

1:30 P. M.



Dairy Improvement—F. H,

Wisconsin. ,



“’hut the Government is doing for the;

(low Tcsting Association—HM;ncr Rabild,‘

“lashington, l). . _ .



Dairying and Dairy Equipment—F. ill.

Vanderbooni, Marquette.



Milk Consumers' Session—Tuesday,

7:30 P. M.



My Experience and Modes in Dairy

Farmingers. Scott Durand, Illinois.

Consumer‘s part in Securing Pure Milk

——Dr. . E. Marshall, Agricultural Col-

lege.



Value of Dairy Products in the House—

hold—Dr. Floyd E. Robinson, Lansing.



The dairy Industry Illustrated by the

U. S. Department of Agriculture,



Buttermakers’ Session—Wednesday,



9:00 A. M.



Address-D. B. “’hite, U. S.

ment of Agriculture.



Benefits of (To—operation Among Cream-

crymcn—A. L. Zurroughs. Owosso.



.DlSt‘llSSlOllw—‘Vll'l. Bechtel. Cairo.



Organization—Sam Shilling, Illinois.



Wednesday, 1:30 P. M.



Market (‘onditions and how to Improve

thema—H. Sondergaard, Pennsylvania.



Future of Gathered Cream Plants——F.

L. Eldridge, Breckenridge,



Discussion—Claude A. Grove. Litchficld..



Creamery Accounting—Martin Scidcl,

Bay City.



Shall we Pasteurize‘?—~C, M_ McCrondy,

Ithaca.





N. P. Hull, Dimondalc.

Addressv—T. F. Marston,





 





E.





 





Scriber, of l





Depart -





199.





 





 





75 ' '

1r: Galloway

“BATH IN OIL”

lllgll Grade Separator—Bum





Save $25 to $50 direct at my factory

. price—freight prepaid. Gct thc only

"L, Separator that runsin "Hath of Oil,"



' like a $5.000 automobile. This

alone is worth $50 extra, but

.. costs you nothing extra.

Take





90 Days’

Farm Test—Freight Prepaid





Why pay $85 to $1 to to dealers or agents

who cannot sell you a separator equal

to the Galloway—closest skimmer-—

easiest run~casicst cleanedv-lo- r.

guarantee. Send for BOOK FREE

WI. CALLOWAV 00.





People Who Own

SHARPLES





Tubular

Cream Separators





are the people for you to talk to. They Will tell

you it pays to have the Tubular,wh1ch produces

twice the skimming force. SklmS faster and twnce

as clean as others. They willtell you It is fine to 200

have a separator without dlSkS or other hard to

wash, quick to wear, sure to rust contraphons,

Here aretwo statementsiromthousands we have:





“Have a Tubal-r.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

   





 





 

 

 

 





 





Discussion—TV. B. Liverance. Lansing.

Exhibitors’ Session—Thursday 8:30 A. M.l



The early part of the. morning sessioni

will be given over to the exhibitors, who:

will furnish visitors with an entertain-l

mcnt of merit. after which elcction of;

officers will be disposed of under the man- ‘

agomcnt of the board of directors,

Cheesemakers’ Session—Thursday 2 P. M.



Checsemaking for the Home Market——

T. A. Cook, Branch.



Discussion—F). A. Haven. Bloomingdale.



Cheddar Cheesemaking—Thos. Horns.

Ontario.



Discussion—R. A. Murry. Byron.



Friday, 9:00 A. M.



Michigan CheesenEX—Governor Warner.

Farmington.



Discussion—George C. Peters, (‘hapirL



The Ilse of Starters in C‘heesemaking—-

Emil Falk. Davison.



T'tilization of By-Products—C‘olon C.

lillie. Coopersville.



Exhibits of butter, cheese, milk and

cream will be made. (‘ash prizes are of-

fered and it is expected that the entries





will be large and of high quality. ~ l





 





 





Gal-ed $273 on but-



ter In 14 months."



—-Chas. Slothower.

Warren. 111.





“Have used Tubu-

lar eight years. Not

any repairs.”



—nubert Dunlap.

Blllmnlc. Pa.





FREE TRIAL

Our local representative will





utaTubular-TheWorld's : , ,

est-into your home for ‘ .' ‘ :, rm-





   

 





 





643 Galloway Shh, Waterloo, In.





The only thoroughly manufactured

Silo on the market. Full length “are;



‘ Continuous door frame complete with

‘ ladder. Triple beveled silo door with

hingel. Equipped with extra heavy





hoops at bottom.





AIR TIGHT





lakes winter feed equal to Jun.

THE RUSS will more than pay





x ' ‘ r itself in one season. Write to-



thorough. “Le trifll WllllOllt a: for catalog which gives facts that

a_cent 0‘ expen'c 0‘ any Will save you money. Agents wanted.

'9‘“! '0 Y°“- “’33“ a The E. W. Ross Co.(Est.1850)

lllfllmfi- Guaranteed no; 14 sramurwwmiuo





forever by America's oldest

and world's big est sepa-

rator concern. hen why

- pay freight. risk money. or

waste time on any "mail order" or other (so

called) cheap separator. the average hie of which

Is one year.





 





 





FREE‘TO FARMERS





A Valuable 160-page book entitled





“SILO PROFITS”





 

 

 

 

 

   

 





 





Write f0, Writtonb 2000! the most successful ~

Catalo “e Feeders, armors and Dalrymcn in ’

C the World. ([3' Every farmer in ‘





“0- ‘52- America should read this book, and '

along as our supply of these books .’

last we will mail one copy free to

each person asking for it. It gives ,

them! once of these tarm- .

on and in





. F in 0 l. Portion 0m air own words.

Chico-'1}. Ill ' 8." "fie 00’ a ' l. _ Our Factories are located at An-





0 . f3“,

_ oronto. Can. Winnipeg. III K 'w; Hoalfilgolagwng .. a

Cm , o g 7

Missouri. a. for this book 5110 Profits





Harness at Wholesale Prices! INDIANA $11.0 COMPANY





382 Union Buildinfi. Anderson. Indiana

Olml from our shops to you.





"i' FREIGHT PAID,

:1 We Can San You Money.





write to-dly for I copy of our l

HARNESS BARGAIN Catalog





noun lllllllESS 120.. cm, moment





 





PLEs SEPARATOI co.

THE “will?” CHESTER. PA.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 





 





Difl'erent from all (Minute. 4 or 2 horses.-

Geared 10ml or 7 to l. (lriml (Torn with «buck?

or without. And all small grains including

Cats and Wheat. (Also make 10 mos tut mills.)





Ill}. Iowsher 430.. South Bend. Ind.





\ 7’





 

 





 





 





 

 





h





   





T e

REAL TEST





of 3. Cream Separator is, after all,

its skimming power. The





United States Cream Separator





holds the World’s record for close skimming in

50 consecutive runs, continuing through 30

days, with the milk of 10 breeds of cows,

.0138 of one per cent.

Awarded only Grand Prize, Seattle, 1909

Write us today for Catalog No. ll l





Vermont Farm Machine Co.

Bellows Falls, Vt.





Distributing Warehouse; in all Dairy

Sections of the country





 

   

   

 





 





 

   

   

   

   

 





 





   

 





 





Approved

Nahum J. Bachclder.

T. C. Atkeson

Aaron Jones.

Legislative Committe. National Grange.





PETITION AGAINST CANADIAN RECIPROCITY.





“'e the undersigned farmers, respectfully urge that the Canadian tm-iprociiy

bill now pending in (.‘ongrcss should not hm'nl’llt’, law for the following reasons:



]. ’l‘hc bill provides for the admission free. of duty of all (‘znzadmn form pro—

ducts. Since. (Innztdzl is the. only country from which any considcruudo quantity of

these products lilll under any circumstances be. imported, this moans free, trade in

practically wxcrything the farmer Dr‘OdllC‘S.



2. While putting farm products on the free list. tbn lll‘t‘ipl‘nt‘llv bill makes

no material reduction in the high tariff rates on all the 1n:tmlfu<-lurcd articles the.

farmer buys. and therefore gives him no relief from the heavy burdt‘n of taxation

imposed by those duties.



.‘l. The theory on which our protective policy has always been defended is

that all classes arc equaliv entitled to protectitm, The. farmcrs, however, receive

much less protcotion than tho manufac‘nrcrs, for while, farm products are taxed

on the average about 1’3 pcr cent, manufactured articles are taxed on an averagc

about 45 pm- cent.



4. The (‘anodian farmers. by reason of their lower general tariff and prefer—





‘ ential 1radc arrangmncnls. will buy nit-mulevinrwl goods at lower prices than those





I‘l‘cvailing in this countrv. The prices of farm lands in (‘unzula are also much lower

than in the I'nitcll States. 'l‘hcsc ('mldilltm:~‘ givc the Canadian farmers an ad—

vantage over us. and thc free admission of t.‘u~ir products will subject us to un—

fair competition.



5. To show that lh’s Reciprocity inc-asurc is not an boncst cff‘ort to rcducc the.

cost of living in the inlcrcst ol' the con:~<11lll<‘l‘. it is suilicicnt to point out that,

whilc wbcnt is on the free list. flour is taxed 7.0 ccnis pm‘ bdrrcl. and that while

cattle, sheep and bogs are. free. meals. bwtb frcsb and curt-d, arc tuxcd 11}, cents

Der pound for the bcncfit ot‘ the Moat Trust. /



As the adoption of tho proposml lecibrm-itv law would wmk a serious ‘ni'lrv

to tho farming illlcl‘csls of this t~ount1'.\‘.and “(HIM grcallv rcduvc tho value of

our farm lands while increasing the, value of ("anudian farms. wc carncstlv pro—

test against its enactment. .





All farmers who are opposed to frec~trnde in farm products with a high tariff

on manufacturers. should sign above petition and send it at once to their Sena-

tors and Congressmen.
‘- a..-~—-.-w..... .. . on... W...





 

 

 





 





VVYYVVVvY—YVYVVVYYVVVVV





‘POULTRYmBEESi





AAAAAALAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA





COLONY HOUSES FOR THE GROWING

STOCK.





 





 





 





 





In preparing the equipment for the sea-

son of hatching and brooding which is

soon to open, the so-called colony house

should be given consideration. Even

where chicks are hatched so early that

indoor brooding is necessary colony houses

of some sort may be used to advantage

when the young fowls are ready to leave

the broodcrs. For later hatched chicks

the colony house may be made to serve

as an outdoor, or cold air, brooder by

simply providing a hover under which the

chicks may congregate at night and on

damp, chilly days. It is even feasible to

fit each colony house with a hover which

can be heated. if that seems desirable.

Such houses need not be, expensive, and

this fact should make it possible for the

poultry farmer to have enough of them

to accommodate his young stock through-

out the growing season. About 20 or 2,;

chicks to -a house will be sufficient for

good results.



in the illustrations upon this page are

shown some colony houses made from

piano boxes. It will be seen at a glance





200 (32> . - ’





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





thorough cleaning a rather simple process.

The matter of ventilation becomes an

important one as the chicks grow and hot

weather comes on. Moving the house oc-

casionally to-give the chicks new sur-

roundings is a good plan, but the main

thing is to keep it clean and Well venti-

lated at the season when these conditions

are so much appreciated by the fowls.





FRESH AIR IN THE POULTRY HOUSE.





\Vhen a. large number of fowls are con-

fined to limited quarters, improperly ven-

tilated, it requires but a short time for

the fowls to remove all the oxygen from

the atmosphere. As oxygen is an essen-

tial element in the sustenance of consti-

tutional vigor, its abundant supply is a,

matter of great importance in maintaining

strong, healthy stock. I



'IA‘a'rmers as a rule pay little attention,

to the supply of fresh air in the poultry

house. They think that if the door is

l-pen during 'he day the fowls will secure

the necessary amount. but there are sev-

t‘itll serious drawbacks to this method of

ventilating. First, it allows circulation

of air about the. fowls which, in cold

weather, chills them. Second, it causes

sudden variations of temperature which

produce a sluggish physical condition.





 





 





Third, it promotes rapid a 'cumulalion of

moisture in the poultry house.





Fourth,





 





 





 





"3,! A. .(mr.





 





Why Pay $105.50 . More

Than MyPr’ice For a"

5-h.p. Gasoline Engine?





MY factory experts have gathered together a

great mass of Gasoline Engine facts. I am

going to put these facts up to you and let you

see if there isn’t a pretty good reason why you should Let

get my proposition on just the Engine you want Uncle 3...,

before you decide to buy anywhere else. “and Y0! This ,



When we decided to manufacture 55,000 Gasoline gzifszi‘; 39:3,,

Engines, for 191] , we first: got many of the well known p ‘-

engines of a similar character and my experts went all the way

through them, testing every part, every piece of material, every

practical working feature so we would be sure our engines would

come up to every merit these other engines might have.



Then another set of my experts figured the cost of mate-

rials and of selling on my direct-from—factory small profit plan

and then they fixed the price based on 55,000 output.



The 5-H.P. Engine that our experts consider next to ours

in quality sells to the consumer for $225.00. We do know, how-

ever, and do guarantee that our engine is easier to handle,

easier to put ou'dil‘ferent kinds of work, easier to start, and smoother

running. My account experts found that we could sell this engine at a

, fair profit direct to the user on 30 to 365 days tree trial with a liberal guar-

,. antee for $119.50.





This means a saving of $105.50 in cash to every customer over the price

they would pay for the other engine. And I give you a better engine to boot.





Galloway Engines $39§9





Now just remember that the Wm. Galloway Co. is the largestmanufacturer of engines in

the world. selling direct to consumers, with a capital stock of three and a half million dollars

back of our proposition. And there is nothing verbal about any of our guarantees or claims

—-all down in black and white. We must make good on every statement.



Now ifyou have gone so tar in this advertisement and are interested we want to send

you our printed salesman. Our catalogue .. ~ . -

illustrates our complete line of Galloway

Engines. The sizes run from 1 3-4-Ii.P., our

Boss of the Farm, up to our 15-H.P. Engine.

\Ve manufacture them for stationary

engines, for truck engines, and for all other

purposes. They are all guaranteed and

I promise to save you money in pro-

portion on all of them according to the

saving I make you on the 5-11.P. size.



Just send a postalcard now and say

-”Gralloway, send along your engine

book and personal price proposition.”

I’ll do it by return mail.





 

 

 

 

   





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





Colony House for Chicks, Built from a Piano Box.





that, while these may be a trifle more

coSlly than the old-fashioned coop. they

are very much superior as quarters in

which to raise chickens. They are easily

large enough to accommodate :3 brooder

chicks, or, with a partition midway bo-

twecn the ends will furnish a home for

two hens with chicks. As the chicks

grow, the addit’on of a few pert-hes will

make such a house an ideal roostingr

place for the young fowls and they will

continue to make it their home until their

owner is ready to move them to the main

poultry building at the season‘s close.

This is far more satisfactory than raising

them in coops which they will outgrow

before the end of the season. in which

case most of them will be found roosting





 





 





(Front View).





and no less vitally important, it is pro-1

ductive of disease. There are choaperl

and more efficient methods of ventilating,

than by leaving the door open.



If the house is closed up tight and there

is no means of changing the air within it.

dampness is sure to accumulate when-

(\'01‘ there is a change of weather. Some

sys‘tcm of ventilation should be installed"

whereby the impure air can be removett

and fresh air from the outside brt’mcjht in. ‘

l-‘rolitable egg production is not possible

without an abundant supply of fresh air

in the poultry house, and experiments

show that it is impracticable to feed for

winter eggs in overcrowded or poorly ven-

tilated quarters.



There are several good and practical





!





!





 





 





A Flow of the Colony





in lrccs. upon gates and fences, in barns

and sheds and upon farm implements

when frost cmucs in the fall.



Of course, in the. construction of such

houses cleanliness and ventilation must be

kept in mind. It is a good plan to make

the floor detachable after the fashion of

the movable hog houses now in use upon

many farms. This makes frequent and





Houses from the Fear.





ways of furnishing the necessary fresh

air, any one of which can be made to

meet the needs of the average poultry-

man. Very effective. and quite generally

in use are the muslin covered windows.

The regular sash is removed and a frame

on which muslin has been tacked is sub-

stituted. ‘

very practical as it allOWS a. current of"





This method has been found,





 

 





Wm. Galloway Company

645 Galloway Station Waterloo, Iowa





“ Hatching Facts” Free





I want to send you my 1911 Booklet. Just send name and

address on a postal—I’ll mail you my latest edition of “Hatching

Facts ' ’——the most unique—most convincing—right- to- the- point piece

of literature ever published on Incubators and Brooders and Poultry

Raising for Profit. It gives you just what you want—quick—tells

you how to start right at least expense. My Belle City Incubator

won the Wbrld’s Championship last season. “Hatching Facts”tells

you all about it—tells you of hundreds of other wonderful hatches.

Write for the Booklet today—or if in a hurry, order direct from this

,. (Id—hundreds of others do. I’ll send book, too. Anyway, read my

remarkable offer below- 4 V. ROHAN. President Belle City Incubator comm-y.





$ " .553“§’::E‘el40-E

Incubator his:





$4.85 Buys the Best Broader





Both Incubator and Broader. Ordered Together, Cost

But $11.50-Freight Prepaid (East 01 Rockies)



_ Our Belle City Incubator will hatch more chicks, under

the same conditions, than any other incubator, else your money

wxll berefunded. This I guarantee. It has double walls and

dead-air space all ever, copper tank and boiler, hot water

heat. The best sclIA-reg‘ulator, deep nursery, strong egg tray,

high legs, double Quut. “’I‘ycos” thermometer, egg tester and safety lamp included.



- ' The Belle City Brooder is the only brooder having

double walls and dead~air space. I guarantee it to raise

more chicks than any other brooder made. Hot-water,

top heat. wire yard, platform and safety lamp.



A Complete Hatching Outfit [or Only $11.50

No machines at any price are better—75,000 in use,

Satisfaction Guaranteed. Write for book, “Hatching

Facts” today, or send the price now and save waiting.

J. V. ROHAN, Pres.

Belle City Incubator (20., Box 14. Racine, \Vls.





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





l I lw-Chlck Broader





I





3'0 BIIYS IIITIOIIII. IIIGIIBITOII MID BROOIIE





 





Just thinki $8.00 incubator and $4.00 brooder forSiO. Don't pay more for equal or ‘W



poorer quality. We pay freight to our station. 125-Egg National Incubator has

Illgh. roomy nursery, Spacious egg chamber,



FREIGHT Automatic heal regulator, Cold-rolled wpnarhoiwaieriank. Vary unsiilvalhormomator,



. PAID Hot water heating system, Reliable non-breakable lamp. Wide dead air space.



° _ Brooder has safety lamp—can't explode or break. his roomy, cozy,





   

 





strong, fireproof, moIal case.





 





 





% . re n (Ira s, eas 1:0 clean, every part quickly reachable. Order

"I Incubator liofhfirtléubnttfi' and lirooder direct from this advertisement. \Ve guar- '

- BIOIIO antce satisfaction or you get all your money b3Ck Q‘Ile- Brand new 125 Chick Brood"

125 $8.00 poultry book free. Act now on this bargain. _ “one “.00

E66 THE NATIONAL lllcuaATon co.. 140 18th street. Raclne. Wisconsin





 





 





 





 





 





 





11 2 BEE POULTRY





. Tells how to succeed with

poultry on thaordinnry farm. B o o K





I How to make a. first-class



brooder out; of an old piano



box. What. breeds lay best.

4‘ " Plans for poultry houses, how

to feed, breed, etc. Describes

- PRAIRIE STATE Incubators and Branders

- You will be surprised at the valuable information it con-

\ tsins. It‘s free. Write a postal for a copy today.

Prairie State Incubator 80.. 413mm St. Ilomer City. Pa.





GET EGGS NOW





.. . ' “The Golden

not left dead in the shell" or hatched too weak Humplu 9W8 newest ”001‘,



(olive. Great new ventilatin principle—open- E§39” WI“ 3'!"w you h“w ‘0 cet eaus all

front poultry-house plan. Hate ing fumes never wmter, and from 150 to‘259 page a hen a.

confined in e g chamber. Constant fresh oxygen year. I WI“ give you, B ll. la la, my secret

supplv. New amp-heated and regulated outdoor of reducing leedmz can one half and of

bl‘OOdel‘. Write for Catalog, Free. doubling your poultry income. ’ '





GEO. ILLEE 60.. IZIZIIIRIIEI 3mm. 0mm, MEI. “umphroy, Ilall Street Factory, Jollol, III.





Where Humphrey’s Bone Cutters, Clover Cutters.

Readers and other Poultry Helps are made.





 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





Operate your incubator by rule, then you can-

not go wrong. .Wc measure moisture as well

as heat in the Mandy Lee. Every incubator

equipped with. our famous Hygrometer. which

others are trying to copy. Mandy Lee chicks are
FEB. 18. 1911.





mo on" 1.192131“.





 





 





Roofed to Last

With Congo





Here is a building roofed with

Congo 2 ply in 1909.



In 1913 and 1917 the roof will



euire an inex ensive coat of

pinnt. In 1919 t 1e owner will say



‘That roof hasn’ t leaked or re-



uired any Special attention during

ale whole ten years.’



If he can’t say that he can say

‘ ‘The manufacturers guaranteed

that they would pay for all repairs

and they di1.’



That roof cost no more than

roofs that are not gua 1.111toed at all,

but. the owner knows he is certain

to get satisfaction. There is in his

safe aSurety Bond issued by the

National Surety Company of N1w

York making the guarantee easily

enforceable.



Send for sample and Copy of

Congo Guar .mtee Bond.





UNITED ROOFING 8 M’F’G. 00.





Philadelphia Kansas City

Chicago San Francisco





 





N .

4°“ 11 5%





111/0011 SAW





send

you a

Free



Booklet





about





APPLETON QUALITY

' WOOD SAWS?





It shows pictures of all our styles. Tells

you the things you ought to know about

the saw you buy. gives you straight facts-—

statements wh'ch we guarantee our saws

to back up. You need the booklet to help

you pick out exactly the saw you want

whether it be for cord wood. poles or logs.

You will also be interested in our portable

wood’sawing rig shown.



Also ask for our free general catalogue

about corn shellers, manure Spreaders,

. windmills. etc. Send for the catalogue

now while you think of it.





Appleton Mfg. Co.





 





 

 

 





 

 

 

 





 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   





20 S. Fargo St.

Batavis,IlI..U.S.A.





   





 





Money-Making Pointers

On Chickens——





FRE 01011' Big FREE





“Pl 011t-



hie uitry



Raising,” now ready. 212 1.1.? pages



illustrated. Shows tumous birds and



Inrgestroultry plants Tells how to gel:



hatch u Ler hutch. 90'75—01' better. of



strongest. liveliest chicks. Shows why

it’s easy and sure with





CYPHERS .............. and

Broaden



the self-regulating. self-ventilating. / .



non-moisture, fireproof insurable



and guaranteed hatchers. Write for





this free book and get all the facts.

Address store nearest you...





CYPHERS INCUBATOR CO.

Dept.8 Buffalo, N. Y-





   

 

 





 

 

 





. ‘ 414'.

f'auosnn





   





New York City. Chicago, Ill.

Boston, Moss. Kenna City, Mo. m "‘ "“35”"

0111111111. 13.111. 21111031111113 Agents. m'mm'“





 





 





 





 





EGG INCIIBATOII

1.141.400 CHICK BROODER





The incubatoris

. California Red- 30th 5

,. For

Wood. covered

' Freight Paid with Asbestosandgslvsnized ‘

th Iron: has triple wnils. copper tank;

6 k"351111131 ; egg tester. thermometer. ready

to use. 30 Days’ Tr LII—money bet: 1;

if .1101; 11.11. Write for Free Catalog today. - .





Ironclad Incubator 1211., Bent 05 Racine. Ills.





$1 ()0 lZO-Egg Incubator

— IZO-Chick Brooder





”not! VIII. Evol- Offered

Safest, surest hatcher made. Metal '

covere'd all around. Self— -regulating. ‘

Big Free Book tells '

about the famous IDEALS

Freight prepaid East of the Missouri

Riverond North of Tenn. Semi for

Free Catalogue and bargain otfer.

JuWo 1111311011.. 13038001 Freoport. III.





””5"" POULTRY





and “menu in 1911 has 224 mos with many

colored pistes of fowls true to f It tells all

shout chickens, their prices, their care, diseas-

es and remedies. All about Incubators, their

Erica and their operation. All About poultry

onus and how to build them. It' s an encyclo-

adhoio chicks-adorn. You need: 0.11150.

minus. 30! 911. W"! III.





 





 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 





’air to pass into the poultry house without





causing a draft. On all my poultry houses





.1 use this system and consider it per-





fectly satisfactory. The King syswm of

ventilation can be installed with equallv

as satisfactory results, but it incurs addi-

tional expense.



The practice followed by some farmers

of leaving a window down at the top. or

the door open, is imprudent. 21s the wind

is very apt to change suddenly and cause

a'drnft. While the hens 111'1) at work,

and when on the roost. at night. they

should be protected from direct drafts, so

when a system of ventilation has been in-

stalled it is very important that it be

kept in proper working order. Preventive

111cz:1sures are lunch more effectual in forc—

slalling losses from discase than treat-

ment.



Abundance of fresh air in the poultry

house has an invigorating influence upon

the fowls and promotes ucti'v'ity. The

great secrcl. of securing 11 111aximum flow

of eggs during the winter months is

keeping the hens busy. If the atmosphere

of the house become impure and foul it

causes 11 sluggish condition of the entire

system and no animal can do its best

work under such conditions.



Shiawussee Co. L150 C. REYNOLDS.





HOW I STOPPED EGG EATING.





A few winters since I had 40 fine pui-

lets running together in a scratch pen by

day but roosting in four different pens at

night. They had just slnrtcd layingr nice-

ly when I found the nests empty and the

nest eggs smcnred with broken ggs.

Now. when a large flock of fowls con-

tracts that habit it is very difficult to lo-

cate the offenders. and it is us contagious

as smallpox.



I happened at the time to have a quan-

lily of cg}: shells. I llllcd these with a

mixture of kerosene. cayenne pcppcr and

muslurd 11121111- into a. dough with flour 111111





water. I Illlcd a dozen or so of the Hhclln'

with this. plusloi'cd the cracks with while

cloths 1icposllc1l them in the. nests and





lookcd on. Soon the entire 41) pullets

were in a fierce stampede to gel the cov-

otcd morsels. They gulpcd 1111'111 without.

tasting, if 11 hen can be supposed to taste.

Another dozen were ready for a second

helping»; and again the rush begun. but

soon a few were satisfied 11nd shook tl11-i1'

heads and wiped their bills as though

something was wrong. When the last egg





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





be increased gradually, until about double

that quantity is given. Continue feeding

milk if you desire but let it be skim-milk.

The thin shells you mention are another

indication of overfatness and lack of ex-

1"1'1'ise.



How soon after males are placed with

hens in the breeding pen will it be safe





to "uni mice the fertility of the eggs?

K111t (‘0. A. A.





Most authorities agree that it is unsafe

to guarantee fertility in the eggs produced

during the first week or ten days after

introducing the mole. Occasionally poul-

ii'ymcn report satisfactory results from

cksrs secured a few days after motinO.

but in :1 mattcr of so much importance it

is wise. to take no chances. It is also

deemcd good practice to get fertile Eggs

into incubators or under hens within two

Weeks from dalc of laying as they are

known to 1l1-1-li1m in germinating power as





they grow older. thus increasing the

chances of chicks llunt :11‘0 Loo \vcuk to





get out of 1111' shells.



Is l‘flllr’ :1 good plant to 111 out for geese?

\\ hat is the bot loud for them during

the laying chson‘.’ Hove taken your pa-

per 1111' u 1111111111'1' 111' years 111111 like it very

much in cvcry way.





Ne\\‘:t.\';:o 11... Mrs. P. (l. D.

Duringr the breeding: season food the

geese 11 111ixlu1'c of bran. middlings and





corn meul. cquul purls by measure. adding





to it a11..’1111111111l' of beef Scrups equal to

,.





.1 per cent ol‘ the bulk of lhe groin mix-

ture. Give :1 light 1'1'1111 of this mixture

in tho 111111'1111111'. 11111111.: the (1215' they

should have some green food, steamed

clover 11111] cookwl ch'clnblos 11111111: most

avnilublc. :11 this season. Al. night give

a libeml ullo'.v:1111 .' of cracked corn. ‘v'e





know of no

mnke





1‘c.’1.<u11 why

.'.-ulisi‘uclui'y





m pe should not

pasturagc for

rclnlcd 10





Hwy

.'.:‘ccse 11s lllls 1.1.1.11 is closely

1111-50 1111- fond of the Lil-

111:11 rape is a rapid and

{11111 that is springs up

puslui'cd off. should

(‘1'0110111i1'111 source of grcen





which you pro-





cullbzlg'o,

11'1'. 'l‘llo l'ucl

luxuriunl L:l‘1I\\'(‘l'.

quickly :11‘11'1'

make it .'1 1'1'1'1'

food for Ike purpose for

pose using ll.





111111





11cm;r





CHEAP HIVES FOR EMERGENCIES.





(.lcncrully sliwaking, cheap conlrnplions





are 2111 :1l111111lualion in the bee yard. but

there are times when something which

.2111 be gollcn up '111 a hurry -11111 at a





small cost will be appreciated.

In preparing,r such hivcs, however. one

should st... to it that spacing is kept right





 





 





 





 





 





I, Hive Cove-r.





was gone I again lied the nests and

scallcred a few about the floor for Lion-:1

111easu1'c. Ry noon not a pullet would no-

tice (111 egg if 111111 at 1101' feet, and would

not even touch it with her bill 01' feet.

Though the decoy eggs lay about the

floor for days, the habit was broken for

good and I never knew of one of the

flock eating another cg g.

PRIsoILLA PLUM.





IN ANSWER TO





 





INQUIRIES.





L. W.. Oceano Co

doubt, from the particulars given in your

letter, that your hens are too fut, made

so by feeding too much starchy food. The

grain ration was sufficiently 141:1.1'1'11y to

call for some animal food to balance it.

The addition of potatoes only mode 111211:-

ters worse, and the fact that they finally

refused to eat the potalOes indicates that

the ration did not properly meet their

wants. You helped motlers somewhat by

substituting wheat for the corn. Reduce

the grain allowance for a time and begin

feeding a little meat scrap or green cut

hone. This must be given gradually-—





There seems little





half an ounce per hen once or twice a.

week will be enough at first and it may





II, Hive BOdy. III,





Bottom—board. IV, Hive in Use.





.11111 nothing but siziiilluzul 111111111: should





be 1151'11. ’l‘l11-11 when you got around to

it you c2111 simply ll'.lll>’l'(‘l‘ your l'rumer'. lo

allllllll‘l‘ l11v1-u111l nothing." will be lost. The





simply milling



the ends

'l‘hcn form

11 Sll‘lD 15»; inch

outer edge

with (he





lll\'0 luuly Hill 111' 111'1111' by

four boards 111.;11..l.11 halving

"1'1 inch 1111\‘1'1'

11 I'allllcl by

wide 111111 “g

111' lho c1111 1111:1115,





111:111 the shins.

11.11l1112: on

111111 ll1: 'k on 1111'

111111.111; it 1111





111111 ('11121' up. The 11111: should he, jusl.

he. 1'i;_-.lll 11.11111 :11) 111:11 11‘111'11 the frames

are 1111111.: in 1111' l".|Ill'l"‘l.\' lllcy will hang





with tho lmlloius just 1.1111 level Willi the

bottom of the hive.



A clump 111111111114111111'11 111:1): be made by

strips leaving one

Inch 1111\1'1‘ llian the sidcs

Set this on the ground

cle:111 8311.1 and

that will serve

us :1 more cv-

mnv be





nailing l'oul' logcllici'.

of the. ends nu

and il1eolhc1'oml.

:11111 llll with sawdust .11'

11111'1' 11 lmtloni-bum'il

Well





you

the purpose

pcnsivc one.





just as

A vcry crvei'

11111119 by culling a wide board just the

right length and nailing strips on each

enJ to keep lt'from splitting: I do not

advise. such hives for general use. but. as

I said before, as a makeshift they are all

right.

Mecosta Co.





.21 1111]





L. C. WHEELER.





 





(33)





HEREDITY ‘

Can Be Overcome in Cases.





The influence of heredity

course, be successfully

can be minimized





cannot, of

disputed, but it

or entirely overcome





in some. cases by correct food and drink.

A Conn. ludy says:

“For ycnrs while I was 11 coffee drinker





I suffered from bilious attacks of great

severity, from which I used to emerge as

while as a ghost and very weak. Our

family physician gave me various pre~

scripiions for irriprov’115.,r the digestion

and stimulating the livel‘. which I tried

faithfully but without percei'plible result.



“He was acquainted with my family

history for scvci'ul gencrnlions hack, and

once wlicn I visited him he said: ‘11 you

have inherited one of those lmpld livers

you may always suffer more or loss from

its inaction. “'13 can’t dodge our

lance, you know.’



“I was not so strongr r1 believer in hered-

ity us he wus, howcver, 111111, beginning

to think for myself, I concluded to stop

drinking: coffee. and see what el'i‘ect thnt

would have. I feared it would be .'1. severe

trial to give it up. but \\'l;-"11 [ look

Postum and had it well made. it com-

pletely filled my need for a hot bever-

age and I grew very fond of it.



“[ hove used Postum for three years,

using no 111cdicino. During all that lime

I have 111111 absolutely none of the bllious

attacks that I used to suffcr 111111 I

have been entirely from. from 1h:- pain £11111

debililuling‘ effects that used to rcsult

from 111cm.



“The change

I am compelled to Puslum

clusive credit for it." Name

Postum C11,, Buille Crock, Mich



Rem] “The Road to \\cllv1llc " in pksg.

“There‘s .1. Reason.”





Ever read the above letter? A.

new one appears from time to

time. They are genuine, true.

and full of human interest.





BEE 110‘" 'I'() M \I\' II 'I'III'IBI IE“...





The picusunw. Ihc novk 11.111 tho



protitsol I111 kooplui:.‘11'1-l'ull\ cover-



011 in ‘ (1191111171113 in Bee ( ulfurz 4111.1111111.»(rink-.1111.



1-11' ripiion .35 (afeutsb “r111 1111' hook 1m 11'.- '1 s 111111 1111)

cutulo yins—bothf



T HE .L RU()'1‘r((I\iI'\\\,Box M. Mulinn. Ohio.





inhci'i—





from,





{1nd

1110 ex-

glven by





is surely vovy grout.





: i \‘1:





 





 





   





Poultry the. Best Paying

Branch of Farming -‘





 





 





 





T110119“ culzilcg by liolnrt II. E551 1;,

p-ullry 111111 incubator [{K.’il'l'l, ifw'gl

11ill st'Lrt you right.11nprov1~1 ili1'll-

Intel‘s .uid brood: -rs. {{1'1111 " “'hy

Some Succeed Where others Full."





' ROBERT ESSEX INCUBMOR ca.

92 liner 51.. Bonus. N. Y.





   

   

 

   

 

   

   





 





f‘HlHHthHBIIEI) :5. ll. BIIUVIN I I'. UHUIINS— A

van korolsn t31... -. 1'11. I "vs 31 pi 1' 1:3 .3th Illl]

LE“? IS '1‘. ()I‘I’I" NLA NII'I". ll. Ii No l I..1nmnu.l\li1h.





11 icc In! 111‘ ('(11'kln1-Is

Barred PI¥IIIOUIII Rocks.—-.111l'["-‘1u'll1l~:.1t 11111111' is pl‘ll'W.

“rite. 1.. KI"\II'\I111('11-11111'31111 Michigin





—V' morons. Turin 1.1114911. 111111



Barred ROCk Ck/‘IS- l111~1lI from pi'i/i- 11111111115. $3

(-111 h 1110 I111 $"1. J. .l’. AlIlN I.\l. Union (‘ 111 Mich

’ .for $2.31.l1'1\l‘





3.1 '25 e: 11

Bull Wyandoile Cookerels 3.. 0., 1:." .'.. .. ..-.... 51;...

for 13. I". E. HAR'I‘VVI‘I] I. (‘11111111111-lmrg. Michigan.

(1(1.‘ EGGS: L(;(1%—\\ 111111 & BuII' Urpingtom

JVl'hi'to 1i 3.1111111 Iiuks.BI"11k1\ W hlI'O Mlnnn .1'4

“1111c. atButf Leghorns. Hose 1% Single Comb Reds

Houduns .\' \\'hilc.(‘1".1.~l1-1l Illk I’11II>II. II II. King. \‘l'illis. llIll'Il.





CHOICE business & prize bred Munnnolh

Toulouse (SH-so 5'. S. (7. \Vhiie Log-

IHH'IIH low prices for 1|11ulil_\. Now cutulnguo I'roc.

“'rch. I‘. It. I’I"()ll’l‘s. It. 3!. Ihv'yl'us, ()hlo.





—I";1rm 1211:1111. Healthy, good

BU“ Rusk OOCkerels size. shupit 111111 color. From

$1.50 1111. WILLIS H. MI'IADIC. Ii No. 3. Holly. Mich.





Big Business Barred Rocks





J. 1'). 'I‘AY 1.0“. Holding “11 1111:1111.





 





"11)(1 KI”. Iii'll S I‘UII SALI' ~I iizht Brahma. Whlto

( W'nnulmtc 11' B l’ “111 ks. 1.1111111 0111's. also [111111 is.

I). HISIIUI‘ Ilnulo 1:“. I. '111'1 (ltI1ss.1





I I'I~‘I" I’l \ It()(‘ K and S 1‘. Bull Leghorn (111(k-

1-':'11'l . I'x11plll11nlullls good block .'11 l.111111r.~ pl' icos.





Michigan





1 hen

‘ R1180 Comb (lock

hi'nnd Iledgo. Mich.





 





,I.1:g11i118o.1son. Iilllil‘ll Rlnim- A111 1111:1111

—I(1111 <li';1n. lie I '.t

11.0. B. Leghorn (lockerels .........’ 1...; .., .3 1.1;;

in HI‘..‘\.S1HI.“' V‘ AI'II'. (IUIIII‘VIIII‘. Mi:- 'hiunn

FOR SAL ~< " .1....

(11' k: “111-: (‘0 I 1' 11 rated

Ferris slr.1111..llISN‘l’II (li‘liliili‘ 11 11111112111110, Mich

Strain .'11111 S. (‘-. W. (‘omli

wkaOII' BIaIICI'Iai' While llueglmrn. " or n1

r.1is11d’l‘1'111 III‘SI’III 111' 1:11 1111111'r' :1.\1'r.~'. I'lggs 100$").

7.081.171 1'1" BUS] EDI)“ Futon Iiupids.l\li11h.

6 s c III.A( K RIINUIEI A I’lll.I.1"."I'S.

C I 111111 1'111'k1'r1'l. also .'1

orols at a bargain. l). Huggeix,

Il.VI".Ii, GUIJHCN 11nd WHI'I'I'L WYANI)()"I [ES 100

While 1'111'k9re'ls at $2 and $1 ouch New 1ir1-ular

after January 171111. (1. W. Iiroui.111111 Portland Mirh

s c. B MINUIH‘A H~1.11r1_'1'. 111 intilul plunuue— —.1I~

I right 1-1‘1'1‘1 u:1\.I’r111-111111-'1'Il (iunrunti- 1- 11

to please Eggs-1H per l.'.1 It.\\.1\IiI|H.H.1lr-m. Mich

' —\l" 1 ll'-~1».

While Wyandolle Cookerels ‘ 1.1-3? '1???“ Mini“

\. FRANKLIN SMITH. Ann Arbor, Mic 1111:1111.

I l' Fl" I’LY‘IUI 'I II Ith‘ I’xS—Unly porioct standard

1111 kcrvls. April 211111 M11) 11111111 at $2 .11111 M (1: 1c 11

I1 1'11] Nic kol. Monroe M1111.





I“ x" PIII‘ 11L 1.111115: struln





 





DOG S.





Hamil-1111110 black .'11111 white collie Pups

. . . . ,





F0“ SAL 9 ten weeks to hix months-1





old. $31311 $10 each. 111'1'or111ng to 11146 and murkjugs.





FLEETFOOT KENNELS, Detroit, Mich.

TRAINED foxhounds and hound pups for hunting

fox and coons Also 1'ollios.IucIo¢-'e

1’ -(‘cnt stnn1p.E. I I"(‘I{\'. Holmosville. Ohio.

()U \VRI’T‘E “K J. ROSS. Rochester. Michigan.





for those beautiful sable and “him Collie Puppies.

of the finest breeding. and from stock wrs-orks'
l

i

3





...—gm... .....— ... . .





‘ c





<‘ Q3. .





 





>‘.WWW~&WSN3M'EWATIWMin.“ ......» ...:- ~.- “mp.





202 (34);





”W77





 





; ARKETSUi





 





DETROIT WHOLESALE MARKETS.

_ February 15, 1911.

Grains and Seeds.





Wheat—Concurrently with the increas-

ed probability of the passing of the recip-

rocity agreement with Canada, dealers

loosened their grip on the wheat trade,

and prices declined. The likelihood of

free wheat entering from across the bor-

der, causes millers to hold off in making

purchases and thus take from the market

the support of their demand. Other con-

ditions contributing to the decline are bet-

ter weather in the southwest where the

dry territory is confined to narrower lim-

its, and liberal receipts from farmers.

Flour is not in active demand. Argentine

is offering a small surplus to the world

and Liverpool has shown a strong trade

most of the past week, with occasional

weak spots. One year ago the price paid

here for No. 2 red wheat was $1.25 per

bu. Quotations for the past week are:



No. 2 No. 1

Red. “White. May. July.





Thursday .......93%. .9254, 98 .95

Friday ......... 923/; .9194 .97 .94

Saturday . ...... 921/1, .9114 .961/2 .9395

Monday .................

Tuesday ....... 91% 90% .96 .93





\Vcdnesday ....91 .90 .9514 .9214



Corn.—The corn situation taken alone

is bullish. in that receipts have been held

up by bad roads. The receipts. however,

are about four times what they were at

this season a year ago, with shipments

from grain centers proportioned about the

same between the two years. This. and

the influence of the depressed wheat trade

acted against any advance and caused a

slight decline. One year ago the price

for No. 3 corn was 641/60 per bu. Quota-

tions for the past week are:





No. 3 No. 3



Corn. Yellow.

Thursday .............. _. . . 46% 47%;

Friday . . . . . ............... 461A, 471/2

Saturday .................. 46% 471/:

Monday ................... . . . .

Tuesday . .............. 4614 4714

VVedneSday ............... 46 47





Oats.——Reports show the receipts of oats

on Tuesday to he over twice what were

received on the same wcck-day a year

ago. This. with the weak feeling in

wheat. sent prices to a lower level and

gave the trade a discouraging outlook to

farmers. The local market is dull. At

Chicago there was a liberal amount of

trading on Tuesday. One year ago the

price for standard oats was 401.2(- per bu.

Quotations for the past week arc:



Standard No.3





“'hite,

Thursday . . . . ............. 33% 33%

Friday ................... 331/2 33

Saturday ................. 331A; 33

Monday ................... . . . .

Tuesday .................. 321/2 32

\Vednesday ............... 32% 32





Beans—Local bean men are doing noth-

ing. They left prices on last week's basis

with the exception that cash goods were

put at the same figure as March options.

The figures given are merely nominal. No

transactions are reported at these prices.

Quotations are:





Cash. Jan.

Thursday $107 $2.00

Friday ....... . .............. 1.97 2. 00

Saturday ................... 2.00 2.00

Monday .................... .... . . . .

Tuesday ........ . .......... 2.00 2.00

Wednesday ................. 2.00 2.00





Clover Seed.——Alsike is quoted ten cents

higher this week. Other grades run from

five cents lower to steady. The market

is firm but not quite so active as a month

ago. Following are the quotations for

the week:



Prime gpot. Mar. Alsike.

......... 8. .





Thursday 75 $8.75 $9.20

Friday ............ 8.75 8.75 9.20

Saturday ......... 8.80 8.80 9.20

Monday ............... ....

'l‘uesday .......... 8.80 8.80 9.20

VVet'lnesday ............ .





Barley.-~~Dcalers have pushed the price

of barley down proportionately with oth-

er grains. good samples are now quoted

at $1.60 per cwt.. which is 10@20c below

the price of a week ago.



Rye—No change. Market dull. No. 1

rye is quoted at 84150 per bu.



Visible Supply of Grains.

This week. Last week.





VVhOat ............. 43,133,000 43.740.000

(‘Oi‘n ............... 10.905.000 0.140.000

Oats ............... 16,298,000 10.415.000

lye ................ 301.000 390.000

Barley ............. 1.424,000 1.544.000





Flour, Feed, Pr0vislons, Etc.





Flown—The flour trade is dull with

prices unchanged. Quotations are:





Clear ................................. $4.45

Straight .............................. 4.85

Patent Michigan .................... 5.75

Ordinary Patent .................... 4.95



Hay and Straw.———Hay values are





steady. Quotations on baled bay in car





.lots f. 0. b. Detroit are: No. 1. timothy,





$16.50fr017; No, 2 timothy, $15.50@16; clo-

ver. mixed. 5155061716; rye straw. $7@

7.50; wheat and oat straw. $6@6.50 per

ton.





Feed.~~—./\ll grades steady except coarse

corn feeds which advanced a dollar. Car-

lot prices on track are: Bran. $25 per

ton; coarse middlings. $26: fine middlings,

$28: cracked corn. $23; coarse corn meal.

$23: corn and oat chop. $20 per ton.



Potatoes.——This market is sluggish and

nothing is being done outside of supply-

ing the easy demand. Stocks are of good

size. Prices unchanged. In car lots Mich-

igan potatoes are selling at 3700400 per

bushel. '



Provisions.——Family pork. $21.50fd2250:

mess pork, $21: medium clear, $196021;

smoked hams, 14%@15c; briskets, 130:





m.“ . 111.11.“ ,, so u. 1.. . ~.~ ...-





THE MICHIGA'N 'FARM’ER. '





shoulders, 111,20; picnic hams, 1135c; ba-





con, 15%@16%c; pure lard in

10540; kettle rendered lard, 11%c.

Dairy and Poultry Products.

Butter.——The market is steady with

last week, except second grade cream-

eries are marked a fraction lower. Dairy

goods run steady. Demand good and sup—

ply fair. Extra creameries are now quot-

ed at 261,90; firsts, 321/2c; dairy, 17c;

packing stock at 141/2c per lb.

Eggs—The urgency with which storage

men are forcing their goods on the mar-

ket in the face of heavy fresh receipts

has compelled the unusual decline of

seven cents per dozen since a week ago.





tierces.





Fresh receipts, case count, cases includ—





ed, are now quoted at 151/20 per dozen.



Poultry.~—The only section of the mar-

ket showing life is the chicken division

where the active demand has advanced

values a half cent. Other kinds are dull

and steady. Quotations are: Dressed—

Turkeys, 20@23c; chickens, 15@151/§c;

fowls, 15((7‘151/20; ducks. 18@19c; geese,

14@15c per lb. Live Spring chickens,

14@.1141/2c; fowls. 131/2@14c; old roosters.

0c; turkeys, 18@19c; geese, 12(qll3c; ducks

15fl16c per lb. '



Cheese.—Michigan, 17c; Michigan. late,

15@160. York state, September, 17@18c;

do. late made, 15@16c; limburger. old,

16(1'17c; Swiss domestic block, 18@'_‘2c;

cream brick, 16@18c.



Dressed Pork.—Price is steady at 91A,»@

10c pcr lb; for heavy, 9c.



VeaI.—Market higher. Choice, 111/3@

13c; ordinary, 90 per lb.

Rabbits—«Lower. Per dozen, $1.25@1.40.

Fruits and Vegetables.

Cranberries.—Steady. Quoted at $3.25

per bu. '

Cabbage.—Steady.



lsbl. for new.



Onions—55c per bu.



Holgey.—Choice to fancy comb 15@17c

pcr . '



Apples.~~-\ continued active demand at

former prices describes this market.

Fancy greenings quoted at $5.25@5.50;

Kings, $525,415.50; Baldwins. $4.501’r17‘5.50;

Steel reds, $6; ordinary grades, $3603.50

per bbl. \Vestern apples, $2.25Q1=13.50 per

box.





 





Selling at $1.75 per





0TH ER MARKETS.





Grand Rapids.



The feature of the market this week is

the drop in eggs. due to warmer weather

and increased receipts. Dealers were pay—

ing the outside trade only 17c Tuesday,

with prospects of still lower prices if the

mild wcather continues. No special change

is noted in butter, dairy bringing 2001210;

creamery 26c. in live poultry, chickens

and ducks are. 1c higher, while turkeys

are in little demand and are off 1c. Prices

follow: Fowls and chickens. 12%(11113c;

geese. 12c; ducks. 15c: turkeys, 13c. Veal

is worth 661110. Potato dealers still talk

discouragingly about the market and say

that Michigan growers are getting more

for their stock than outside conditions

warrant. Prices are around 30c, the

Montcalm county markct leading all oth-

ers as usual. \Vheat is off 2c, the mills

quoting SSC for No. 2 red.





 





Boston.



XVool.——The market is easy. Inquiry is

confined to narrow limits. Most of the

manufacturers are in a waiting mood. Or-

ders for woolen goods are coming in slow

and are of unusually small amounts. The

unsettled economic conditions appear to

be reflected in the trade, The loading

domestic quotations are as follows: Ohio

and Pennsylvania fleeces»—l‘10111inc washed

34c; XX, tl13§€1132c; fine unincrchantahle.

25¢126c; 1/~.-blood combing. 2901\30c: 34:“

blood con'ihing. 29c; 14-1)]00d combing. 27

(1271/53; dclaine unwashed, 261436027. Mich-

igan. \i'isconsin and New York fleeces-—

Fine unwashed. 2(lfil‘2lcz‘ dclaine unwash-

ed. 26/1127c; l/z-blood unwashed. 23(1120c;

“gt-blood unwashed. 27@2Sc. Kentucky.

Indiana and Missouri—Jiég-blood, 2371/3617

2%; 1.;-blood, 26c.





Rutter—Rest grades are higher while

others are steady or lower. (‘rcumcry

specials are quoted at 29c; extras. 2.1611

2714c: seconds to firsts. 19(112’lc pcr lb.



Eggs. Prices have broken badly this

last week and the new figures are sup—

porting a weak market. Offerings are

large. Fresh gathered extras. lxfll‘lilc: dri.

firsts, 17c; do. seconds. 151/301‘161‘; refrig-

erators. firsts. 12c: do. seconds. 10/1111c.



Poultry.-—l\4arket is irregular. with an

advance for fowls. \Voslcrn chickens.

172113611514 fowls. lflléfllGI/gc; turkeys, 15

(11 23c Dcr lb.





 





 





Chicago.



“’hcat.—~No. 2 red,

9219c; .luly. 91c per bu.



Corn. No. 2, 4061:461/3c; May, 491;;c;

July. 5010c pcr bu.



Oats.—--~No. 2 white. 32311321,..ic: May,

313.,c: July. 313/40.



.iarlcy.—l\/Ialting grades,

bu: feeding. 60107.50.



bitten—‘A further advance of l/éc on

the better grades of crcamcry has check—

cd the demand, which was showing con-

siderable improvement. and the market

is quiet. Dairy butter unchanged. Quo-

tations now are: Creamcries, 17fri‘261.l_.c;

dairies. 19/0220.



Eggs—'l‘his market has undergone a

terrific slump the past week. Top grades

have dropped tiléc and miscellaneous re-

ccipts 7613(- since this time last week.

Despite these declines the market is slow

and weak. Quotations: Prime firsts. 100:

firsts. 15c; at mark, cases included, llfil

13%“ per dozen.





901/5 6192c: May,





 





37679611 per





Potatoes ——»Pric.es worked up a few cents 1





late last week and the higher figures are

still quoted. However. rcceipts are heav—

ier than for some weeks and will un-

doubtedly bring lower values before the

end of the week. Choice to fancy quoted

at 47@'50c per bu; fair to good, 42®45c.

_Beans.—<Market holding steady under

light offerings. Demand quiet. Choice.





 





hand-picked pea beans quoted at $2.05@

2.10 per bu; prime, $1.95@2;' red kidneys,

$3.35@3.45.



Hay and Straw—Hay market easy to

50c lower on some grades. Straw steady.

Quotations now are: Choice timothy,

$18@19; No. 1 timothy,» $16.50@17.50; No.

2 do. and No. 1 mixed, $156016; No. 3 do.

and No. 2 mixed, $11@14.50; rye straw,

$8618.50; oat straw, $7@7.50; wheat straw,

$6@6.'50 per ton.



Elgln.



Batten—Market firm at 26%c per 1b.,

which is a half cent advance over the

quotation of last week. Output for the

week, 468,300 1115., as compared with 499,-

040 lbs. for the previous week.





THE LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





Buffalo.





February 13, 1911.

(Special report by Dunning & Stevens.

New York Central Stock Yards,

East Buffalo, N. Y.)



Receipts of stock here today as follows:

Cattle, 140 cars; hogs, 18.400; sheep and

lambs, 25,000; calves, 1,200.



\V’ith 140 cars of cattle on sale here

today, and 29,000 reported in Chicago, all

grades of cattle sold lower. The butcher

grades are selling at about 100 per cwt.

lower, and all the cattle weighing 1,200

lbs and over are sellinglfrom 15(020c per

cwt. below last week. However, the qual—

ity of the weighty cattle was not so good

as heavy cattle were last week.



\l’e quote: Best 1.300 to 1,400-1b. steers

$6.40@6.65; good prime 1,200 to 1,300-lb.

steers, $5.75@_6.35; best 1,100 to 1,200-lb.

shipping steers. 21555051625; medium

butcher steers, 1,000 to 1,100 lbs., $5.35@

5.85; light butcher steers, $4.05@r5.25; best

fat cows. $4.75@5.25; fair to good do.,

337561435; common to medium do., $3.50

614; trimmers, $2.75@3.25; best fat heif-

ers. 35.506116; good do.. 351115.50; fair to

good do., $4.257114.65; stock heifers, $3.25

(113.50; best feeding steers. dehorncd, $4.75

(1115: medium to good feeding'steers, $4.40

(114.60; stockers, all grades, $4404.25; best

hulls, $5715.50; bologna bulls. $4.25@4.75;

stock bulls. fair to good, $3.75@4.25; best

milkers and springers, 35061165; good to

best do., $40@50; common to good do.,

$254135.



l1atc springers hard to sell at any kind

of satisfactory prices: in most cases have

to be sold by weight.



llog market opened 25fi30c lower than

Saturday on the medium and heavy hogs.

and fully 50c per cwt. lower on mixed

hogs; from 5001701? lower on yorkcrs. and

about 750 lower on pigs; 60.000 hogs re-

ported in Chicago today; heavy receipts

here. and weather warm and rainy. made

our packers very bearish. Sellers held off

until about 10 o‘clock before any prices





were made, and eventually had to fall in'





line at the packers’ bids. Good many of

the mixed and medium hogs went to the

packers at $7.50@7.55. Some extremely

heavy hogs sold as low as $7.30007.35-

About everything on the light order is

sold; some heavy hogs going over with—

out any bids.



\Ve quote: Heavy. 7.2561750; mixed

and medium. $7.50fl7.60; yorkers, $170611

7.75; pigs, $790,438; roughs, 365002660;

stags, $5.50@5.75.



Lamb market opened active today;

most of the choice handy lambs selling at

$6016.10. Heavy lambs, that is, weighing

100 lbs. and over; selling mostly at

$5.25. Look for steady to strong prices

the balance of the week. Sheep market

was active today; most of the choice ewes

selling at $4004.15: wethcrs. 34.250450.

Look for about steady prices on sheep

the balance of the week. '



“’9 quote: Best handy lambs. $6®6 10;

heavy lambs, 31515611525; bucks. $3013.25;

heavy ewes. $3.75@4; yearlings, $4.750!)

5.25: wcthcrs. $4.250’1‘4.50; cull sheep, $2.50

((13.50: handy ewes. $41G‘4.15; veals. choice

to extra. 33104711025; fair to good do., $7.50

(110.50; heavy calves, $5676.50.



Chicago.

February 13, 1911

Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.

licccivcd today ......28.000 65,000 20.000

Same day last year..23,346 37.263 13.894

lien-circd last week...42,610 159,771 87,314

Same week last year.59.166 145,781 63.635



This weck opens with an enormous hog

supply here and liberal receipts cast and

west. The Chicago “run" is a complete

surprise to everybody. although a large

supply was expected. 01" course. the mar—

ket is dcmornlized. with Chicago packers

operating cautiously, and prices average

fully 25c lower than at the close of last

weck. Small lots of rough. extremely

heavy hogs sell around $6.50fi1‘6.75, while

the better class of hogs sell at $7.156)

7.10. pigs going as high as $7.45fl‘7.50. The

top last Saturday was $7.65 and the top

Monday last week was $7.90. Evidently

owners are cutting their hogs loose. Cat-

tle are largely a dime lower today. fol-

lowing last week’s advance of 15@40c.

Sheep and lambs were fairly active once

more. but part of the trading was at a

decline of about 100, following last week’s

advance of 2540501: Lambs sold at $500

6.25. and a single—deck of prime lambs

went at $6.35. VVethers were salable at

3-167 4.60 ewes at $3004.40. bucks at $3@

3,50, and yearlings at $4.651F15.75. Breed-

ing ewes were in demand at $3.75@4.25

and feeding lambs at $5.506i5.75.



The average weight of hugs received

lost. week was 229 lbs, compared with

231 lbs. a week earlier, 211 lbs. a year

ago and 205 lbs. two years ago, 'De-

creasing prices will have a tcndcncv to

hurry in hogs of lighter weights, it is

generallv believed. although some stock-

men will wait for a reaction in value”;

before making further shipments to mar-

{c .





Cattle. as well as hogs and sheep, were

marketed less freely than usual last week.

the widely extended big snow storm being

a serious hindrance. as in a great many

cases] country shippers were'unable to

obtain cars from the railroads during the

early part of the week. While the gen-

eral requiremens of the trade were not





FEB. 18, 1911.





noticeably larger than usual, the limited

supplies resulted in a much better market

for sellers, and the sharp decline that

took place a week earlier was soon recov-

ered. The demand, as has beenthe rule

for a long time, was mainly for the cheap-

er and medium-priced cattle, and cows

and heifers, as well as bulls, sold rela-

tively better than choice long—fed steers,

even canners and cutters selling extreme-

ly well. By Thursday demand became

slower, and the weakness that took place

then was felt much more in heavy beeves

than in other kinds. During the week

beef steers sold chiefly at $5.60@6.60, the

commoner light steers going at $4.90@

5.50 and the better class of cattle at

$6.25@6.80. Export steers were salable

at 9575617030, and fat yearlings went at

$6.25@6.80, or as high as heavy steers.

Cows and heifers on the butchering order

brought $3.60@6.10, while canners sold

at $2.35@2.95, cutters at $3103.50 and bulls

at $3.25@5.50. Calves had a decided boom

in prices, going at $3.75(i_119.50 per 100 lbs.

but milkers and. springers were as slow

as ever at $30@‘60 each, with light receipts

and a poor demand. The stocker and

feeder trade was checked by the snow

storm, but light offerings made a high

range of prices, stockers going at 3M1)





5.50 and feeders at $5@5.85. Feeding and;





stock heifers sold at $3.25@4.65, with a

fair demand.

ing more generally into fattening cows

and heifers than heretofore, steer feeders

being regarded as much too high. Pop-

ular taste is for cheap beef, and farmers,

should remember this and act accordingly.



Hogs showed a firmer undertone last

week than has been usual in recent

weeks, but the sole. cause of this change

was the diminished receipts, for the pack-

ers Were as bearish as ever and just as

determined in their efforts to hold down

prices. Strength in the market was more

due to purchases made by local specu—

lators and buyers from eastern packing

points than to any buying by Chicago

packing concerns, and the latter usually

bought late in the day, purchasing the

cheaper offerings mainly. The spread in

prices cont:nued extremely wide, with

pigs that were not quite heavy enough

to be classed with hogs selling highest of





all, while rough, heavy hogs sold lowest’





and were extremely slow to rally in

prices at times when others were moving

upward.‘ Hogs have been, maturing rap—

idly of late, having been fed a great

abundance of corn. and the mild weather

has iesulted in their doing well. The

tendency for stock feeders is to hold their

hogs until they are heavier than most

buyers want them, and it seems to be

better policy to send in swine when they

weigh around 225 'lbs. than to make them

much heavier. in quality the receipts still

grade unusually high. Hogs are wanted

mainly for the fresh meat trade, which

is on a large scale.





Sheep and lambs underwent some sharp

advances in prices last week that were

highly welcome to sheepmen after the

low prices paid in recent weeks in so

many instances. The better market was

brought about altogether by curtailed sup-

plies. for the general demand was not

perceptibly better. The call continued to

be for fat light-weights of lambs, year-

lings and sheep, as domestic slaughterers

did most of the buying, with exporters

operating very sparingly and only oc-

casionally. Michigan—fed lambs and Mex-

ican pea-fed lambs from Colorado sold

especially well, and there was a demand

for feeders and breeders that was difl‘l-

cult to fill, as both were marketed spar—

ingly. The cheapness and great abund-

ance. of feed nearly everywhere in the

numerous sections where sheep and lamb

feeding is carried on extensively tends to

encourage holders to put on lots of fat,

and they are making many of their hold-

ings too heavy to suit the popular taste.

Fat handy-weights bring a large premium.



Horses weakened last week under too

heavy supplies, the receipts being unusu-

ally heavy, and prices, except for strictly

prime, were largely $106015 per head lower.

Small southern chunks had a fair outlet

at $65@125. with inferior old horses going

as low as $40, while farm workers were

taken at 5514001175 and a few mares up to

$200. Not many drivers sold higher than

$225, others go’ng at $175 or better. Few

drafters gold above $225, and a fair grade

sold around $200 or less“ with well—

matched pairs fetching 345061475 in some

instances. F.





LIVE STOCK NOTES.





Interest in breeding and raising beef

cattle is growing in various farming sec-

tions, and this is brought into prominence

in recent auction sales of cattle. Farm—

crs are becoming aroused to the fact that

there is a rapid decrease in the. produru

tion of stock cattle on the ranges of the

country and that the time is here when

farm breeding must begin in earnest if

the supply of beef cattle is to be main-

tained. Stockcrs and feeders are selling

dangerously high. and all that encourages

their purchase is the abundance of cheap

feed in all parts of the country.





Recent prices for feeder lambs in the'





Chicago maiket look attractive to some

sheepmcn, as they compare them with

last fall's figures. $6.50 per 100 lbs. having

been paid for choice feeders at that time.

Recently purchases of feeding lambs have

been made at $5.'50@5.65, but very few

have been offered. as cheap feed has en-

couraged sheepmen to make their flocks

unusually heavy. Michigan fed lambs are

being Shipped to Ch'cago all‘ the time, al-

though recently the breaks in prices

caused many owners to hold back their

flocks for a rally in the market.



The Chicago & Northwestern and other

leading railway lines are making a better

showing in delivering live stock trains at

the Chicago stock yards. having found

the heavy sums of money! paid .out to

stock shippers for damages resulting from

delays too much of a burden. Shorter

trains are made up. and more motive

power is supplied. This is good business

for the railways and is highly welcome to

the live stock trade generally.





Michigan farmers are go—-
, FEB. 18, 1911.





THIS IS THE LAST EDITION.





In the first edition the Detroit Live

Stock markets are reports of last week;

all other markets are right up to date.

Thursday's Detroit Live Stock markets

are given in the last edition. The first

edition is mailed Thursday the last edi—

tion Friday morning. The first edition is

mailed to those who care_more to get the

paper early than they do for Thursday’s

Detroit Live Stock market report. You

may have any edition desired. Subscrib-

ers may change from one edition to an-

other by dropping us a card to that eflect.





 





 





DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





Thursday’s Market.

February 16, 1911.

Cattle.

Receipts, 1,021. Good grades 10@200





lower; bulls and common cow stuff steady

at last week‘s prices. _

We quote: Best steers and heifers,

$5.75; steers and heifers. 1,000 to 1,200,

$5.25@5.50; steers and heifers, 800 to 1.000

$4.75@5.25; steers and heifers that are

fat, 500 to 700, $4.25@4.75; choice fat

cows, $4.50@4.65; good fut cows. $4694.25;





common cows, $3.50@3.75; canners, $2.50

@325; choice heavy bulls, $4.75(g)5; fair

to good bolognas, bulls, $4@4.50; stock

bulls, $3.25@3.50; mi-lkcrs, large, young,

medium age, $40@60; common milkers.

$25@35.





Roe Com. Co. sold Mich. B. Co. 2 cows

av 905 at $3.50, 2 bulls uv 975 at $4.50; to

Newton B. Co. 8 butchers av 805 at $4.50,

7 do av 864 at $4.50, 2 COWS av 905 at

$3.50; to Cooke 11 butchers av 830' at

$5.25, 12 steers uv 935 at $5.60; to Mich.

B. C0. 25 do av 996 at $5.50, 12 do av_988

at $5.50; to Parker, W. 8.: Co. 1 bull weigh-

ing 1,360 at $4.75, 4 cows av 860 at $3.50,

1 do weighing 840 at $4.50.



Bishop, B. 8: H. sold Gerish 18 steers

av 933 at $5.50; to Kannnun, B. Co. 3 cows

av 950 at $4, 4 steers av 942 at $5.75. 2 do

av 790 at $4.60. 9 do av 911 at $5.25, 1 cow

weighing 820 at $3.40; to Regan 5 heifers

av 530 at $4.60; to Ruttkowsky 2 cows av

995 at $4.10; to Hammond, S. & Co. 8

cows av 894 at $3.45; to Parker. W. & Co.

7 butchers av 723 at $4.85; to Bi'csnuhun

8 do av 741 at $4.75; to Newton 15. (Jo.

9 do av 870 at $4.25. 16 steers av 1,190 at

$5.60, 3 do 21v 916 at $3.50. 15 do av 853

at $5.25, 2 cows av 935 at $4, 1 steer

weighing 730 at $4.75; to Hammond, S. &

Co. 1 do weighing 630 at $4.50, 6 do av

933 at $5.50, 6 cows av 1.041 at $4.25, 1

'bull weighing 53 at $1.25. 1 do weighing

1,150 at $4.50, 5 butchers av .702 atv$5.10;

to Parker, W. & Co. 1 bull weighing

1,400 at $4.75; to Rattkowsky 1 do weigh-

ing 1.400 at $5, 2 cows av 1.090 at $4.10,

3 do av 960 at $4.10; to Roll 5 steers av

835 at $5.45, 1 bull weighing 820 at $4.50;

to Goose 5 cows av 1.026 at $3.75; to

Mich. B. Co. 2 bulls av 1,085 at $4.75; to

Hammond, S. & CO. 1 steer weighing 960

at $5.40, 3 do av 1,050 at $4.50; to Bres—

nahan 2 cows av 925 at $3.40; to Mich. 13.

Co. 2 steers av 900 at $5.25, 6 cows av

1,045 at $4, 7 cows av 850 at $4, 8 steers

av 812 at $5, 2 cows av 90.] at $3.50, 2 hulls

av 975 at $4.50, 2 cows a-v 1,250 at $4.50,

3 steers av 92:} Lil $5.25; to Newton B. Co.

5 cows av 1.080 at $4.50, 5 steers av 964

at $5.75, 3 do av 923 at $5, 1 bull weighing

1,140 at $4; to Purkcr. W. & Co. 5 cows

av 846 at $3.35, 1 bull weighing 1,190 at

$4.75; to Bresnahan 5 cows uv 954 at

$3.25; to Hammond, S. & Co. 5 steers av

962 at $5.25; to Fromm 5 cows av 1,074

at $4.25. "



Spicer & R. sold Ntholl 13, Co. 27

butchers av 916 at $5.10; to Mich. B. Co.

29 do av 902 at $5.10; to Applobaum 4

cows av 1.092 at $4.50; to Rattkowsky 1

xbull weighing 1.250 :11 $4.75, 1 do weighing

1.320 at $4.90: to llumnmntl. S. & Co. 5

cows av 948 at $3.50. 0 stccrs av 1.046 at

$5.50; to Mich. B. Co. 2 bulls uv 960 at

$4.75; to Sullivan 1’. Co. 1 do weighing

1,450 at $4.75; to Thompson Bros. 1 do

weighing 1,320 at $4.75.





Haley & M. sold Newton B. Co. 1 bull

Wcighing 1,500 at $5. :3 cow's av 918 at





$4.50, 1 do weighing 840 at $35.50; to Hum-

mond, S. & (lo. 8 butchers av 015 at $4.60;

to Kolkowsky 2 cow and bull av 835 at

$4.35, 1 cow weighing 1.380 at $5.235: t0

Lachalt 4 do av 1,042 at $4.15, 3 Stccrs av

687 at $5, 6 do av 783 at $5; to Mich. B-

(“.o. 2 bulls av 965 at $4.60, 27 steers av

983 at $5.50.



Allington sold Bresnahzm 1 steer weigh—

ing 950 at $5. 4 heifers av 56: at $4.35.



Holy sold Brcitcnbecl; 5 cows av 916 at

$3.75.



A-llington sold Goose 2 cows av 943 at

$3.25, 2 do av 1.990 at $3.50, 1 do weighing

1,380 at $4.50.



Adams sold Kamman B. Co. 2 cows av

985 at $4, 6 steers uv 8:13 at $5.23.



Bergin & W. sold Sullivan P. Co. 12

steers av 1.100 at $5.50, 10 do or 5-17 at

$3.30, 5 cows av 1.044 at $4.15, 1 bull

weighing 1,220 at $4.50, 1 do weighing

1.170 at $5.



Veal Calves.



Rec‘eipts. 344. Market steady at last

week's prices. Best, $96)}9.60; others. $4

(7,118.50; milch cows and springers steady.



Bishop, B. & H. mm Hammond. s. a.

Co. 2 av 135 at $7.50. 8 av 140 at $9.50, 3

av 150 at $9.25: 10 lVlich, 11, C0, 5 av 110

at $8.60; to Hammond. S. & Co. 1 weigh-

ing 150 at $9.50; to Parker, W. . .

nv 115 at $9.25, 1 weighing 130 at $9.50.

3 11v 115 at $2.75, 9 av 145 at $9.25, 16

av 135 at $9.50, 11 av 140 at $9.50: to

Nagle P. Co. 10 av 138 :it $9.50, 1 weigh—

ing 170 at $9.50, 2 av 140 at $9, 1 weigh-

ing 110 at $8.



Spicer & R. sold Sullivan P. Co. 4 av

130 at $8.50; to Mich. B. Co. 1 weighing

140 at $9; to Goose 7 av 140 at $9.10; to

Burnstine l weighing 90 at $9, 1 weighing

150 at $9.50, 8 av 150 at $9.25.



Haley & M. sold Sullivan P. Co. 17 av

140 at $8; to Mich. B. Co. 7 av 135 at $9;

to Parker. W. & (lo. 2 av 110 at $6.50; to

Sullivan P. Co. 6 av 145 at $9.50, 1 weigh-

ing 90 at $6, 2 av 135at $9; to Newton B.

Co. 7 av 145 at $9.





1





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





—

$436.66 Net Profit





' Per Acre





It Pays to Raise Cantaloupes

in California





T. Amagi and Peter Hovey had 22 acres

of California land set out in cantaloupes.



Their joint profits were $9, 599. 92—a net

return of $436. 66 on each acre.



D. Weichman’s track of 30 acres netted





Sharp sold Parker, W. & Co. 16 av 140

at $9.60.



Bergin & W. sold Sullivan P. Co. 5 av

140 at $9.25. _



Haddick & C. sold Newton B, Co. 2 av

135 at $6, 7 av 140 at $9



Belheimer sold same 5 av 125 at $8.75.



Stephens sold Burnstine 1 weighing 180

at $6, 10 av 121 at $9.



Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts, 4,730. Market’steady at last

Thursday’s prices. Best lambs, $5.65@

5.75; fair to good lambs, $5.25@5.50; light

to common lambs, 3445001525; fair to

good sheep, $3.75@4.10; culls and common

$3@3.’50; heavy lambs, 90 lbs. up, $4.75@5.



Bishop. B. & H. sold Hammond. S. &

Co. 15 sheep av 115 at $3.60. 33 lambs av

60 at $5.35; to Nagle P. Co. 221 do av .90

at $5.65, 178 do av 80 at $5.75; to Sullivan

P. Go. 70 do av 67 at $5.35, 14 sheep av

100 at $3, 16 lambs av 55 at $5; to Mich.

B. Co. 62 do av 75 [it $5.65, 20 sheep av

90 at $3.75, 10 do av 95 at $3.50; to (those

89 lambs av 88 at $5.60, 75 do av 80 at

$5 75, 50 do av 83 at $5.30; to Swift & (“m

76 do av 82 at $3.65, 116 do av 85 at $1.00,





59 do or 75 at $5.75. 154 do av 80 at

$5.65; to Hammond. S. & Co. 55 do av





110 at $5. 71 do av 78 Lit $5.50, 19 do uv

115 at $5, 11 sheep av 110 at $9.60; to

Fitzpatrick Bros. 12 do av 120 at $3.75, 36

lambs av 90 at $5.40.



Haley & M. sold Nagle P. (To. 97. limbs

av 85 at $5.60, 3 slxccp .‘t\' 112 M i] 5

lambs av 90 at $5.50; to Gordon ,7} sheep

av 100 at $3.73. 11 do av 85‘ at $4.30



Alulington sold Hammond. S. & (‘0. 5

sheep av 118 at $3.25, 19 lambs av 70 at

$5.35.



Sharp sold Sullivan P. Co. 510 lumbs av

70 at $5.25.



Spit-er &. R. sold

sheep av 110 at $3.25, 41





Sullivan P. (‘0. 6

lambs uv >30 at





$5.40; to Bresnuhon 188 sheep av 1‘40 at

$4.20.

Logman sold Parker, W'. & Co. 100

lambs av 75 £1 ..').75.

Hogs,

Receipts, 1.760. Market 1557120c lower

than last Thursday.





Range of prices: Light to good butch-

ers, $7.50; pigs, $7.70@7.75; light yorkcrs,

6740611750.



iishop, B. & H. sold Hammond. S1. &

200 at





(‘10. 715 av 150 at $7.60, 850 av

$7.50.



Sundry shippers sold some 310 av 200

at $7.50.





Spicer & R. sold Parker, W. & (To. 115

nv 2130 zit $7.55, 325 av 180 at $7.60, 130

Liv 150 at $7.65.



.iishop, ll. & l-l. sold same 59 pigs av

122': at $7.80. 78 do av 125 at $7.80.



Haley & M. sold Sullivan P. (To. 320 av

180 at $7.60.



lloe Coin. Co, sold same 325 :iv 180 at

$7.60, 120 av 200 at $7.50.





 





 





 





A prominent Chicago live stock commis-

sion firm is advising Michigan farmers to

buy cows for feeding rather than steers,





us their cost is much less, while a good

many calves can be raised. Calves are

always salable and will more than pay





lllllf the cost of the cows. In the full,

when the cows are. fat, they should bring

a fair price in any market. Cows are

preferred to light heifers, as the heifers

lack the. age and do not grow enough to

make a good gain during the summer

months. A Michigan farmer bought 69

cows at Chicago last spring and sold them

in August with their calves, and they

gained $1,150 above first cost.



The first of March is farm milling time

generally, and renters who intend to move

are selling their hogs this month. This

tends to increase supplies in middle west-

ern and far western markets.





If you have car lots for solo it. will pay

you to write. The E. L. IUCH MOND

COIMPANY. Detroit. Dilohigan.





Wante





particulars.





—Don't pay commissions. We

Farms wan‘ed find you direct; buyer. Write.

describing property. naming lowest price. We help

buyers locuto desirable properties FREE. American

Investment. Association. 3 Palace. li‘linneapolis. Minn.





FARMS ANll FARM lANllS

FOR SALE [ill EXCHANGE





 





 





 





 





—Good Form from owner only. W'zmt

osst-sslon now or next. spring. State

Fllhll’l‘AG. Box 754, Chicago, Ill.





 





 





 





 





K'llli‘xAN FARMS in Grand & Ron h ‘

( ‘ . g Rwervtll 5'

1‘ 112550 per Acre. Good for fruit and oil kiurlzvifnyfriigzi

C. R. DOCKERAY. Rockford, Michigan.





and vegetable.





Fruit, 6min and Stock Farm‘flflfifil‘lfi li‘..‘.l.‘}*?:.‘.'.‘:‘

“rite c. w MORGAN, Shelby. Michigzln. for lists:





ANOTIHR 1011K STATE BAR(lAIN.—70-ncre fertile farm 11’

. unit: it’ R town, good Didge, plenty water frhit null

timber, 31050—8700 cosh. bulnnce time. \‘l'riid for IDI‘l '

m... burgalns‘. VALLEY FARM AGENCY, Owcvo it”;





*—





Washingion Fruit & Wheat l-"arms‘100 acres impmv.





-... , , . . . ed. 2 miles . ".

u-llmvé‘os. llll'lh cultivation. ood improvenildllifxl‘

““ 6'" 0 mm“ 380'- J- 0- “HUM ullmun. 'Wnshingtdnj





 





FOR SALE—66 “cred. new 7-room house, 1’.





_ good barns school I d ' '

in stroot cur line 8 miles to. Y "m I“ %_m|lo

I I 1 K . VI A () ‘

1., it. HILLS. 73:4 Dollar Bunk Bldg.:mlgdmizgtmfliwixl. i





Farm For sale—120 acres. 1342 miles I

iv _ d ' from Hersey Mich-

lbli-H‘Rl’nfi‘érapi school (118.. good 8-room house bunk

.. n . .x. . “it L 22x36. gravely soil. “'0” at door.





(‘iwtrm (lhea est farm in Michi

. r .' i’ . '

JAMLS Emilio. 609 North anal-l? 03.353335???





FARMS FOR SAL E





in Jgjtton. 'Calhour‘l, and Barry Cos. A bargain 120 acres

3.");“73113’glrl :ure. Ii me buildings. best of soil .336 miles

I oi ue. Also 4(0), 60 and gl-ncre forms for sale.



. H. LEG-(1E, :Bellevue, Mich.





Blouse write for list.



FOR SALE—éfivmires. darlk sand and



_ z 03 ' '

titreeaipue‘gltivstion and free from :‘tiigip's.l(l‘)§liiiilgg

40x 1% .m” -room house. basement barn

.' ‘ esPt? market on main line of R I.

See $40.00 per acre. Full informa-

no. G. Jenkins. Big Rapids, Mich.





F0" S‘LE ”HE‘P on account illness requiring re-

! inoval from stat . ' .

9219.112?"6i§;".?."..lll‘:..limi'iimgiillg will“:

stains. Illustrnted booklet. z 'lar ' registered HM-

purehnsers. William B. IIamt;till,e(lS:i:li.bl'eezilnte3:1llril'izo{iiitdiil i





 





him $366.66 per acre.





 





(35)





208





R. H. Clark netted $2,300 from 9 acres.

C. H. Betzen $1,400 from 10 acres.





This group of farmers are all settled in a fertile California

valley where general farming and truck gardening pay big





profits.





Such land is still reasonably priced and splendid oppor-

tunities await the industrious newcomer.



You can get information uncolored by selfish interest by

taking advantage of the Homescekers’ LmzdLiz’nm‘y.





Collected by the





Union-Southern

Pacific

Standard Route of the West





each book tells in accurate detail the exact conditions which

confront the newcomer. Each is free to you.



Please state which industry interests you most—farming,

truck gardening, fruit raising, stock raising, poultry or

dairying. You will get books which treat of the subject by





return mail. Address





Homeseekers’ Information Bureau

7I5 Bee Building, Omaha, Neb.





695





 





 





Pla net’J I‘





Get double the Ill‘t'St‘lli rmults from your time and labor.





Usc I’lauct Jr farm and gar-





(lcll llllliltglilcllls, and secure bigger and better crops with lCn'n Work.

Planet Jrs do the work of three to six men.

accuratcly, and cause a grcatcr yield.



. tics! ilirmcr’s 35 years’ experience.





They do it more

They are the result of a prac-

Fully guaranteed.





.’ I — The newest Planet Jr Combination Hill and Drill Seeder,

"1' Whee Hoe, Cultivator and Plow, Opens the furrOW. sows any kind of '





. gunlcu scml accurately in drills or hills. covers. rolls down, and marks out the





ncxt row—nil tit one operation.





l’crl'cct \\'hecl-lloc. Cultivator and Plow.





Planet Jr 12-tooth Harrow, Cultivator and Pulverizer is 0 won-

]. (lcriul tool 11:1 berry-growers unli mankct-gditltzncrs “’01 kr. tlccp or 5hanuw

. l 0 without iln on 111;, Birth on thc plums. and pulvci tics lhc soil thoroughly.

'/ l ' linnlunlnlc \\lu_r-:v<-i Iinc close Work isnccdcll.

,‘ I





You can’t afford to miss the 191! illustiatcd





l ' Plzunt Jr Sir-pogo catalogue.

S 5 Write today.





S L Allen & Co





Box 1107M Philada Pa





6 and postpaid.





: C

. 7"%“&





 





Free





 





in Eaton 00.. good silo. l

80 Acre Farm 2 miles to a, good town ‘





ll. nice home and u gootl l'ui'm. Ask for description

and terms. M. IIAR’I‘Z. Bellcvuc. Michigan.

will tell yox all.

LIST NO. 5 & about, Fruit; 4"

Stock Farms 'ncur li‘rcmont, White Cloud and Big

0 \‘Vrito for list. 7 of STOCK. GRAIN.

MIC DAIRY and FRUIT FARMS in‘

o Hurry and Eaton Counties. U00”

SCIIUOLH. GOOD ROAI).‘$. LOW'

Farms BUCKLES a. MATTHEWS,

Hastings. Mich. Eaton Rapids.

FOR INFORMATION AS TO LANDS IN

Garden Spot-

THAT GREAT FRUIT and TRUCK

GROWING SECTION—

Ailantic Coast Line

in Virginia, North and South Carolina,

WILllUlt MCCOY, E. N. CLARK,

A. Jr l. Agt. for Florida, A. & l.-.\gt. for Virginia

Alabama, Georgia, and the Carolinas,





liupidu. VAN NICHS, “'hiic Cloud. Michigan.

TAXES and GOOD LOCATIONS.

The Nation’s

along the

Georgia, Alabama and Florida, write to

Jacksonville. Fla. w ilmingtou, h. (‘





 





 





. “improved forms 40 to 210 norm-i,

Farms [or 5818 533 pct now up to 5470. (land

soil, t‘xi't‘llt‘ilt I‘nuxls. rural mail delivery. host of

schools. good "Lil'kwi, tolophom-s Hoil (-spcciully

udaptml to fruit. [minim-4 :IIHI ilzairying



FRY & MANNING, Brighton, ll‘lich.





 





F F S I —I5(i ACIU‘IN

a rm or a e ‘4) l‘tliih‘ (Hist 01'.

Honningtou Station uud six mill-s south west of

()u'o sun. Shiuwusson ('o., ."lli‘lilKviIl. (100d soil

good buildings, \iiuiliiiill.7u\h‘ll.~', living stream 0

water, Kiw-xu-rc orclmrll. xii rods to church, postoifice,

HIl‘l‘Ui. i'i‘l‘lllllt‘l‘l and ll. ll. tlt’pul. grain elevator. stock

yards, lilm ksmiill shop, Mr. Ali itlt‘nl filfit'k rind urhiu

lurm. in u gnml nlulo ol' l‘l‘riililv and lino. intuition.





Price $70 porn. ro, ll. ll. ‘l‘;\\’l.lll\’, Bonningion. Mli'll.





 





Fertile Farms in Tennessee

-—85 to Sit) per acre-—





Fortunes are being made on l‘ortile ’l‘i-nncsseo

forms raising big crops of grain nnd urnssesol‘ al-

most every kind. nl so i‘untuloupes, t‘nbbuge. Tom.»

too-z. String Beans. (lrccn (‘oriL etc. ulsoHors‘l-s,

Cattle. Sheep, Swine. I‘oultrv nnd Hugs Write me at once for

Free Literature, which advises how in get one of, the-4‘1

splendid forum for $5 to $l0 per acre. Mt quickly! H. I".





 





 





Smith, 'l‘raf. Mgr. N. (J. &St. L. Ry. Deptl‘. Nashville,'i‘euu.





 





 





 





 





 





 





Virginia Farms





offer best opportunity for lllnd buxom and the heel:

place to live. Mild winters, chomp lunil, sunshine.

(jrow ull crops. l‘rodm'c host. iluvorcd upplcs. Futile.

hog raising, «lnirying and poultry raising prolitzible.

Near 40 million consumers. (iet top prices. Write

for ”Xi-pogo “Hand Book of Virginia."



G. W. KOINEit, Com. of Agrir., Richmond, Va,
.15: wsW.~—-r-i-..... "M... . .





3..." ....i...-- msjvuggm.N—~«-s





m. -. -._,.—~M—_~;





204





YVVVVY VTTVYVVVVV rvvvvvv





‘HORTICULTUREl





“AAAAAAAAAA AAAAAMAAA





GRAPE GROWING IN WESTERN NEW

YORK.





(36)





 





 





 





 





N111 of the most successful exam-



ples of iiittiisive agricultural meth-



tds on the American continent,

rivaling: and est-ceding in profit the hop

lields of Central New York. rivaling the

celery farms of Michigan, and even ext-ced—

ing many of the most famous vineyard

and orchard sections of more noted re-

gions of the Pacilic coast is found in the

grape belt of \\'cstern New York. It has

t-sliiccial interest to l\rlichigan because of

the many points of similarity betWeen the

Michigan and the New York grape belts,

the intense rivalry between the two and

their close competition as price factors in

the annual “rape dtal.”

There is a \Vestern New“

Xoi‘ii, altl‘iougli but an infinitesimal oite as

compared with tlxc tetai area of that state

or of Michigan. where absolutely nothing

is grown but stapes. The grape grow-





set'tioll oi.





(rs. some of them. do not even keep a

t-ow to supply their own table. This is

an actual fact.





The grape belt, so—called. is the strip of





land hugging the south shore of Lake

lirie. west of Buffalo. stretching like a.





narrow ribbon of green alongr that shore

well toward Erie. Pa. The belt is widest

to the east. where. '35 miles otit ol‘ lluffalo

it spreads out fan—like to a width of ten

miles. Further west. at l’i-idonia. the

belt is but live miles wide, while at liiplcy

three. At North East. l'a..

lirie. Pa, it, gain widens

to live width. and some of the

tinest viiieyaids of tilt found

herein tilill';¥(’ of the prud'. nt. careful. and





it is hardly





(wild nearly to

miles in

section tilt





prosperous l’ciiit:~')l\'ania grape men.





The bell is nearly iif'ty miles long. and

hardly averages livi- mil-s wide. Now.

after a half century of :.'t'ape growing





most of the best locations :m- salitlly set



out to grapes. while. as lili!‘ is now tell-



ine‘. hundreds o1 acres wit eh sziould nev-



er have been used for vineyard purposes,



are also struggling; to support grape vines.

Climatic Influences.



From a climatic viewpoint the cape

belt is ideally located. 'i‘li>

to the lake. and dollars the south edge of

They shut in the water‘s influ-

«ute prolonging;. the warmer temperature

1:litil almost the last of October. The

same combination of being near a body of

water, and shut in by hills

told of the spring. retards vegetation. and

holds back the fruit buds until after the

time of killing frosts.



This range of bills at the south edge of

the belt rises to a height of several hitti—

drcd feet. and (an be plainlv from.

the regular steamers plying the watt-is of

Lake Erie, as the boat nears. or eiiierg’es

liull‘alo harbor. also

produce another climatic el‘l'eet.

conjunction with the lake.

tonstant winds and lneczw.

day wind from the lake. and a night

breeze towaid the lake throughout the

summer and fall.‘ To those not acquaint—

ed with the grape and its tender points,

the value of may not be apparent,

but when two t‘actswlirst. that tln- spores





h‘lls are (-loso





the in It.





prolongs the





Sfi'l‘ll





hills

taken in

and that is

There is a





from These





this





causing grape rot. the most dangerous

disease of the grape. can not thrive ex-

cept when it is damp and warm. and





sect’iiitl~»~tliat when a bier-7w is blowing all

grape viin-s. leaves. or

fruit. is together. it

will be seen that the breeze is a constant

and sure antidote for the rot. The facts

are that while ("ential New York is iav-

ag‘ed by the black lot, while Uhio vitic—

yards have gone to ruin. and while Mich-

eonstaiit effort

the llordeaux.

erape

dain—





danipness on the

evaportttd. alt put





vineyards require

the spray pump and

this time the (‘hautauqua





lzt\’t' known





loan

with

up to

,L‘lOWé‘l's never

use from black rot,

The Soil and the Crop.





The soil is a combination of glacial an-





serious





cient lake Int-aches and lake bottom ori-

gin. (it-oloeical configurations show that

once the whole belt was under water. pre—

sumably of some lake much larger than

the present Lake Erie. At least two dis-

tinct ancient short- lines and beaches,





with distinct gravel ridges. and underlying

sand bars can be followed for miles. And

then there are glacial traces. terminal and

lateral moraines. and also great stretches

of clay. both from the bed of sonic former





lake. and from the (lisintee'ratiiisr under-

lying shale rock. which at places out-

crops. and under many hundreds of acres





lies within a few inches of the surface.





It is on the gravel that the best, strong-





,THE MICHIGAN FARMER.’ _





est and most productive vineyards are

found. On the heavy clays, when thor—

ough cultivation and fertilization is done,

with underd‘raining, etc., there are many

acres of profitable vineyards; while on

the shallow shale soils are vineyards of

surprising productivity. producing the

earliest and the sweetest grapes. Even

poor soils here seem to be able, under the

favorable climatic conditions. before men—

tioned, to become fruitful and profitable.

The only unproductive vineyards are those

which are too wet, and those whose own-

ers neglect the simplest care. This state-

ment is literally true, but of course here,

as in other intensive farming. those vine—

yards best cared for are most productive,

and of the last half dozen years, since a

general deterioration has become appar-

ent, the vineyards handicapped by poor

soils. or by poor methods have barely paid

small profits, while those on the strong

soils. and those well fertilized. cover

cropped. and cared for have continued to

yield the same big margins as attracted

the, whole countryside into vineyard Citi—

ture a quarter of a century ago.



There are 0\ er thirty—live. thousand

acres of grape vines in the belt, yielding

annually from 110.000 to 93.000 tons of

grapes; also from 1.500.000 to 2.000.000

gallons of wine and grape juice, most of

the cream of tartar of the east. and grape

roots and cuttings for the whole of the

l'nited States east of the locky moun-

tains. Last year grapes averaged $40 a

ton. The crop was small, probably 3,500





equal quantities being used. Some run-

down vineyards demand heroic treatment,

and then nitrate of soda rs used, and not

spared Where needed for although it is ex-

pensive, so is the vineyard if it is lost.

Commercial fertilizer is-sown broadcast

and worked under about four inches deep.

From spring to mid-summer the vine-

yard must be worked constantly to give

best results. but the cultivation must be

shallow. for the grape. rootlets love the

heat of the sun and the light. and seek

the surface. In former days many vine-

yards have been ruined by setting the

vineyard plow a few inches too deep.

Vineyard Pests. .

Thus far the grape has been attacked

vigorously by but four or five pests to do

severe damage. First, and most dreaded,

is the Fidia Viticidia’. or grape root worm;

then comes the so—called “leaf hopper;”

then the grape berry moth. the steely

Hello, and the grape blossom midge. 'The

attacks of the last three seem to be lo-

calized, and not 01‘ great danger. the bios-

som midge, in particular, attacking only

the early varieties as yet. The root worm

has been the most dreaded pest of the in—

dustry. being to the grape what the po-

tato beetle was to potato growers. until

Paris green became known and used as

an antidote. The grape beetle, however,

is a small eater. and so has not suc-

cumbed readily toany poison sprays; and

until last year little progress had been

made in the light. Last year, however,

the use of molasses in the poison spray





 





Some of the Tools Needed to Get the Fruit Trees Ready for Business.





42.000 tons. Figure it out

for yourself. A good vineyard will yield,

normal seasons. four tons of grapes per

acre. They sell in bulk at $30 a ton. One

man can care for a fifteen-acre vineyard





cars. that is.





until picking time. and then girls and

toys, with little supervision, can do the





picking and packing. Is it any wonder.

under these conditions that the banks of

belt are full of money, the

own automobiles and town





the grape

vint-yardists

houses.

System in Growing.

grapes in fifteen or fifty-

apparent that system

tows are often trellised

the entire width of the farm. Chestnut

or locust posts are used if they can be

procured. The. post question is a serious

one. A two or three—wire trellis is used.

All this year‘s growth of Wood and that





In handling:

acre blocks it is

must be used.





lift from last ytar which produced this

year’s crop, will be cut off this winter,

except three to six canes to each vine,





which will be left to “tie up" for next

year's crop. The healthiest canes will be

left. preferably short jointed ones. with

about six to nine buds to the cane. Forty-

five buds is considered about right for a

normal vine in a normal vineyard. These

(:1ll(i< are tied up before the buds swell in





the early sprii'ig. The vineyard should

have been sown to cover crop last Au-

gust, preferably crimson clover, vetches,





turnip. or some similar crop, or combina-

tion of crops. but even to oats. or rye is

better than nothing. Practice and ex-

periment has shown conclusively that the

humus has been burned out of the soils

by too intensive clean cultivation, and

either cover crops. or expensive stable

inanui'ing. the material bought probably

from Chicago, is demanded. This fertili-

zer or the cover crop must be turned un-

der reasonably early. If commercial fer-

tilizer is used it is home-mixed in‘ most

part, potash and acid phosphate in nearly





seemed to have increased its effectiveness





very n‘iatcrially, and while the experts

will not venture as yet to add a scien-

tific endorsement to the remedy. it can





be said that arsenate of lead in the usual

doses. with one gallon of New Orleans

molasses added to the 100 gallons of poi-

son solution. seems to be an absolute

remedy.



The fungus enemies of the grape suc-

stnnb to izordcaux if persistently and

carefully applied. Results with the lime-

.sulpliur solutions are as yet in a very un-

settled state. A New York state experi—

ment station. located in the belt, is work-

ing on these problems.



Need for Organization.



In conclusion.



be avoided.





one suggestion can not

Here are five thousand grape

growers. vorking in absolute harmony

with one another in growing their crop,

and then working; in absolute competition

in marketing it; and worse yet. the whole

section and its salesmen competing most

iiijuriously to themselves, and to their

competitors with the A‘lichig‘an grape

growers. It is certainly one of the cases

for ctr—operation; not alone among our-

selves, but between the two grape sec-

tions. Co—opci'ation is needed. not to in-

crease prices, but to provide full crop and

market information, to regulate the pick-

in;r of the crop that it may be. evenly dis—

tributed over the picking season. not one

per cent one week, and 22') per cent the

next. but, say, ten per cent each week;

co-operation also to distribute the crop

so all sections taking grapes will get their

share each week. and not bunch the dis-

tribution, as was done last year, 300 cars

in Pittsburg, and Boston and Portland

asking for grapes which they could not

get. Grape growers of Michigan and New

York. it is certainly time to take a leaf

out of Mr. J. P. Morgan’s note book, and

organize .





New York. A. M. LOOMIS.





 





FEB. 18, 1.911.

9





 





BEAUTIFUL“! ILLUSTRATED CATALOG

I44 Large Paces—Mailed Free.





 





(About ‘2 Natural Size).

ESCHSCHPLTZ’IA THORBURNI

(California Poppy)





ARDY annual. Sow outdoors in Spring.



The grandest of all Esclischoltzias. The

unopened buds on outer side of petals are of

the deepest crimson, toning down on the inner

side to bright flame, color and molten gold.

We will mail a pa ckct of this valuable, novelty

and a copy of our beautiful catalog—the best

Seed (oi/11ml published in America—for

only 10 cents, stamps or coin. (Regular

price of Seed, 15 cents packet.) Write today.





J. M. THORBURN 8: CO.





DEPT.M. .

33 BARCLAY ST., NEW YORK





Try New OATS

0

Swedish

Government-endorsed as best of

36 varieties. Doubles yield of

other varieties. Send for prices.

We have some specials in Peas Corn,

Onions. Cucumbers. Squash and other

largely profitable varieties—all Gre-

ory‘s Honest Seed and guaranteed to

6 pure. fresh and lie 0 in





our New 1911 Ca alogue





always a correct guide to profitable gar-

deningis largerand more ..

helpful than ever. Ask

for a copy; otherwise

you will no e-

ceive it.





J. J. IIIBEREGORY & 803,





Elm $1.. Marblohoad. Mlle.





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 





 





 





For only 10c we send five ,



packets FlowerSeeds or five '

packets Vegetable Seeds

and then return the money

in the form ofa Due Bill

good for 100 to apply on

any order amounting

to 500 or more.



We also send [7 re our

large :04 page Sam! A n-

nual,qttotingfrcslz,rital “‘ «3

Mic/212a n—gmwn seeds at very ..

moderate prices. Perfect satisfac-'

ticu or money refunded. Send to-day.





S. M. ISBELI. & 80.. SEEBSMEII

Box zoo JACKSON. MIOH.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





Seeds, Plants, Roses,





Bulbs. Vines. Shrubs. etc.

Hundreds of ca r lots of





N

MENTAL TREES. 1.200

acres. 50 in hardy Roses.

none better grown. 44 green-

houses of Palms. Ferns.

Ficus. Geraniums and





 





' " to mention. Seeds. Plants.

Bulbs. Roses. Small Trees. etc., by mail. post-

paid. Safe arrival and satisfaction guaranteed.

Immense stock of SUPERB CANNAS. the

queen of bedding plants. Acres of Pmonias and

other Perennials. 50 choice collections cheap in

Seeds. Plants, Roses. etc. Elegant 168- page

Catalog FREE. Send for it today and see what

values we give for your money. Direct deal will

insure you the best at first cost. 57 years. (11)





The Storrs 8t Harrison (30.. Box 138. Painesville. 0.





onssiiis





IIIIl >



$131531 INTHEWORLII



' PRICES BELOW ALI. OTHERS



. Igive a. lot. of new sorts for

trial \ivgzlliBeVEiyc order I fill.



A ran 1 a a o



Illustrated gyith oveg FREE



700 engravings of vegeta es



—3 and flowers. Send yours and





“ ‘ 4 your neighbors' addresses.

R. H. HUMWAY. Rockford. Illinois





HOLESA LE PRICE ‘1





Our Sir-whom, Raspberry. Blackberry. Gooseberry.

Curr-m, Asparagus and Grape Plants. Heavy Rooted.

HIgh Grade Stock. lflh Animal Catalogue Free.

A. R. WESTON I. co.. 1!. I. Bridgman. Mlchlnln
The

Berle]





oileieu (linerliarmumeu





.I .,

910" . .

, 1,44 Rich in

”I!





HIS splendid strain represents



the results of many years'



. work in breeding and improv-



ing barley. to produce a variety which



Will yield plump grains containing

the greatest amount of protein.



In quality. both for feeding and

malting. no other barley excels it. it

yields abundantly. The straw is stud

and strong; the heads are long and

well filled; the grain large. of fine 'ool-

or and of the best quality.



Prices: Bu., - - $1.55

; 21/6 Bu. @ $1.45

M 10 Bu. @ $1.40





id’s/I Reed All About This Great Barley In Our

27th ANNUAL CATALOGUE





Beautifully illustrated with photographs ,

true to nature. It gives accurate descrip-



tions of every variety of seeds best adapted



to northern culture. Contains 144

paces filled with valuable infor-

mation for everyone who plants ““0“

seeds. Sent free upon request— Slimllifi

Write for it today. +5.}





Nonriiiiur, KING & c0.

' SEEDSM EN

215' Bridge Sq., Minneapolis, Minn.





§i§0$





 





Irate Mark





 





 





WITHOUT

RAYING





\is as impossible as good crops from

~ poor seed. You will more than

.. double your crop if you will

\\\ spray your trees with the





CRESTLINE





Double Adios Berrel





' SPRAY PUMP





It is the simplest and most

eflectivesprayer made. Any

one can use it and the in-

creased yield of fruit the

first year will more then

pa forit. Descriptivecrr-

cu or free. Write today.





THE CRESTLINE MFG. CO.

39 Hm 5M Creche. Ohio





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





00D RUlél'P





I





KIT I





   

 

 





 





 





at Wholesale Prices





Buy Direct From Us and Save Money.

All Stock of High Quality and Genesee Valley

Grown where Scale is Unknown. ,





12 PEAR TREES $1





B rtlett. 2 Flemish. 3 Keiffer. 1 Ola ’ 1

%Vilder, 1 Sheldon. I Seckel. pp 8.

True to name or money back.

Write now for Free Catalog of Complete Line.

Reilly llros. Nurseries. 1089 lteilly ltond. Dossvi’lie. N. Y.





p.000 srrns “)0.





6 want you to try our Prize Seeds this year

and have selected 50 best "riches and put up 10.0»

seeds especially to grow Prize Vegetables and

Flowers. The will produce more than $25. worth of

Vegetables an 10 bushels of Flowers.





 

 

 





 





 





   

 

   

   





800 Seeds Cabbage 3 Best Varieties 3 pkta.

3.600 “ Lettuce 4 “ “ 4 “

bl oniOn z ‘I u 2 I.

1.000 “ Radish 4 “ “ e “

300 “ Toms! 3 “ “ 3 "

1.000 " Turnip 4 “ “ 4 “





   





1.500 “ Flowers 30 Grand Flowering Verietlos



In all 10.000 Seeds. and our new 8 Book with a

He Credit Check good for 100 selection. postpaid 10c.

ramvraw scan FARMS, Box 122. Syracuse. r} Y.





 

 

   





 





Plant Trees Grown

at Monroe, Michigan





Promire stock that will stand the coldest winters.

Our trees have a reputation for reliability. We sell

direct to the planter at the very lowest prices. We

guarantee our trees to reach you. in good condition at

the proper season for transplanting. Catalogue free.

Write for our prices.



‘ ' Monroe.

The Michigan Nursery Company, Mi...





New Sirawberrlesl





Nearly 1(1) varieties to select from. We guarantee

our piantsto be high grade and equal to any. (lur

Eighteenth Annual Catalog is ready. Write for one.





The Flansburgh l3 Potter Co.





Box 34]. Leslie. Michigan.





Seed 00m and (lair For Sale—doll}? $333323

Swedish Select. Golden Fleece and National Oats.

The best varieties. rite for samples, prices and

circular. F. A. BYWATER, Memphis. Michigan.





STRAWBERRY PLANTS





Gunranteedas good as rows at $1 per 1000 d

Catalog tree. ALLEN 30s.. Paw Paw. Mioii'iggi‘.’





FRUIT TREES—Small Fruit Plants. Shrubs

, a Bulbs at Wholesale Prices.

No Agents. Cstslo lree.WOODBINE NURSER-

IES. W. A. ALL N G: SONS. Geneva. Ohio.





FINE CATALPA SPEC. AND BL. LOCUST.

.3 per 1.0m. .5 10.000 All forest trees and ever

sreens cheap. Osta. T. G. BROSIUE. Titiin. Ohio.





The Ieriin Quart Our Specialty





A Will'l‘lt rel-lino which insures

hi heat pr can for your fruit.



fits for liilll i-otslog showing

onl‘ (Kin iletflllumsnd secure your

HA8: . “RATES. C.. at.

.WlNTER DlslthUN’l‘S

"0‘ Illlll FRUIT Ill! IO.



lei"! liellMs. Gills.





 





 





 





 

 

 





 





FARMERS HOME CANNING.-—-No. 3.

Method of Precedure.



Ask the averag‘e farmer how the fruits

and vegetables for his home are canned

and he will look at you with amazeuiem,

for this part of farm industry has never

came under his direct care and observa-

tion, and for this reason he is not versed

in the art of canning. But he may be-

come proficient in this very work if he

will follow carefully this farmers home

canning series.



A very vcomm'on mistake made by the

axerage person in entering this new in-

dustry, is in purchasing a small canning

outfit, which means a slow output now

and an equipment inadequate for sue-i

ceeding years. You should make an es-l

limate of the maximum yield of the pro-l

ducts you will have to can and purchase:

an outfit ruled to can one—quarter more

than this yield. for once you bcgin can-V

ning you. will find that the demand for!j

your farm canned articles will be greater

than your ability to supply.



A farmers' canning outfit With 3. ca-

pacity of 1.500 cans of tomatoes or 2.000

cans of applesper day should consist of

one cunning machine, which will hold

about two barrels of water,

apartments, one for boiling or processing

and one for scalding, (under these should

be a good firebox with grates for burning

wood or coal), one dozen peeling knives.

one dozen wooden can trays, (to hold 12

N. 3 cans), two wire scalding baskets,

eight or ten wire process crates. tWO

dozen fiber or enamel polls. (never use

tin or galvanized wire). two capping steels

(for soldering tops of cans). one gasoline

fire pot, (for heating the capping steels),

one tipping copper, three can tongs, apple

slicers, fruit purer, and cherry stoner.



Beginner-s in cunning seem to get the

idea that any building will do for canning

because it is used for only a portion of

the year: but this is a mistake, for it is

impossible to keep any but a cement floor

clean and sweet, so if one has a building

which could be used for canning. put

down :1 good smooth floor and every night

flood it with boiling water from the ma-

chine and in the morning you have a





 





 





having two :





 





nit-e dry place to work again. The man

who will not give the time to keep a can-f

ning place and utensils soalded and clczin,‘I

better not enter the industry for be will!

fail, because, where crevices in the dam“?

of the building and corners in the ul‘eu-l

Sils are allowed to be filled with ferment." .

ed ' fruits and vegetables, bacteria and:

other germs would be reproducing by the





million every hour. . ,





Tlie securing of tin onus is not us difii-

Cult us most beginners think. Nearly cv-1

ery large city, has one or two can menu-i

factories lilill lhe No, 9. tin packers cansi

may be bought from them in any quantity:

from 100 up and the price ranges from





$17 to $20 per thousand cans. The No. I."

puckers‘ curls are the size used for can»

ning tomatoes and pumpkin. They have





a. two and one«sixteenth inch opening andl

a cover or cap is furnished with sufficient

solder on to seal to the can opening. For

hand work they are preferable. No. 2

packers’ cans are one size smaller than

the N0. 3 and can be bought at $12 to $14

per thousand c-ms. ‘his s‘ze is used for

canning berries, beans and peas. Both

N0, 2 and No. 3 packer cans are shipped

in wooden crates holding 150 to 500 per

crate. As a rule, the company furnishingi

the cans make a charge for the crates

but make a refund upon return of (mites.

Labels are a small item financially in

the canning business; yet, there is no

part of the industry requiring more‘

thought and good judgment than this. It

is the label that introduces the canned,

article to the cusomer. If the label is}

neat and bright, the grocer will give it

a prominent place on his shelf where it

will attract the attention of customers

and when a customer finds that the con-

tents of the parcel is as good or better

than suggested by the label, you have

gained a permanent patron and an adver-

iiser. So, too much stress cannot be laid

on the selection of a label. The better

way is to use what is knOWn as stock

labels for the first year or two. These

can be purchased at $150 to $3.00 per

thousand from any lithographer making

can labels a specialty. By doing this you

will have time winter evenings while

sitting at your fireside to draw upon your

imagination and mentally formulate an

artistic design for your trade mark.

Wayne Co. G. C. RAVILEEL





 





The increased price of land fosters the

practice of interplanting among perma-

nent trees with smaller temporary plants.

The system is thoroughly established in

Europe. It is becoming more common



ere.





 





 





(37)





205





~_" * Cabbage Weighing

24 Pounds in March





l l‘ "VP

'1‘: ,

.2, r 3

i





. .4

,.





raised in Southern Alabama, Western Florida and slon

Coast, with shipping season comment-inst early in ii arch, and





the Gulf





commanding (rom $2.00 to $2.50 per crate :it shipping point.

This same land then planted in sweet potatoes Will yield 8100 to

e150 per acre, and, in uddltion,au excellent forage crop, making





3 Crops a Season From Sam Land





No long winters, but an average of 312 working: days a, year.





Stock needs little protection am

with an abundance of good water.





thrives on grazing alone and

Semi for our booklets and





read of the actual experiences of former Northern and Western

farmers who are ra idly becoming rich oil? the fertile lands of





Alabama, Georgia,





ennessee, Mississippi and Western Florin-la.





Low round-trip rates lst and 8d Tuesdays each month

G. A. PARK. Gen’l Immigration and Industrial Agent





Louisville a Nashville R. R.





 





Room 213 Louisville, Ky.





 





 





‘N; That this is true every farmer

eed seeds Grow ! knows.but what YOU want is the

BEST SEEDS THAT CAN BE. CROWN! Such are 'he only seeds produced and

sold by BURPEE, Philadelphia. Shall we mail you a copy of our Complete New

Catalog for l9ll? it is a Safe Guide to Success in Gardening and is free to

all who realize that in seeds " the Best is the cheapest."





W. Atlee Burpee & 00., Burpee’ Buildings, Philadelphia,

The Largest Mail-Order Seed House in the World. §





 

 

   

   

 





Write to-dayl Address





 

   





 





Peach rees





HONEYIH

CA00AGE.





\, v5.4 5 \_ l

we ,i





$0.000

ft. 40; 2 to 3 ft. light 30; W111) Apples, 30.00) i'l‘lll‘“. 50.001)

Plums. 100,000 Cherry. 300.000 Carolina Poplar, and millions.

of Grape and Email

Spring. 1 t l I)

Wmmem‘ "“3 f’“' Shoerin's Wholesale Nurseries, N, y.





Peaches 5 to 7 feet 9c: 4 to 5 ft 91,-: 3 to i it. 6c; 2 in ii





Fruits, Hucurc \urletios now, [my Ill.

Buy from the man who has the goods and sni'cdmgipu

nusvrllo





free to everybo y





Money in cabbage it

you use the right seed.

Customers doubling pro-

file. 35 tons per acre is

no unusual yield with



US





HU NKE

HOLLAIDER CABBAGE





' - Medium size. solid. Ivor-





sge 8 lbs.: tine white

llesh.rsnder. crisp and

firm—a splendid keeper.

Pkg. iec.; l 01. 25c: 34' lb.

85c.: lb. $3.00. Write for

Free catalog of vegeta-

ble-flower—tem seeds.

G. H. HUNKEL C0.

207 Chestnut St,

Milwaukee. - W





 





 





 

 

 





. aroused. Our No.





labor and seed.





Opl‘rntc.





 





 





Boys want encouragement—

if they don't gi-t it at home they

go elsewhere. Teach them to earn their

own spending money. Growing vegetables

is instructive, interesting. profitable when





we" ....

Garden'l'ools

Seeder with Marker and Double and Single





W'heL-l line is a wonderful tool—can he used

in various unusual combinations. Saves time.





garden tools, 62.50 up. Easy to



. lim'onimcndutl by



\‘.\ gardeners rv'l-rywhere.\Vrite



" to-dny for 7:3th Anniver-

‘ Bury Catalog—Free.



BA'rmiN II‘F'G co.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   





000mbincd Hill and Drill





Price, $12. Other





Bo! llll B





   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   





 





The confidence felt by farmers and

gardeners in Perry's Seeds to-day

would have been impossible to feel in

any seeds two score of years

ago. We have made a

science of seed

growing.





always do

exactly what you

expect of them. For sale





everywhere. FERRY'S 1911 SEE!)

ANNUAL Free on request.





0. M. FERRY G: 00., Detroit. "loin.





SCARFF’S





SMALL FRUIT PLANTS





1000 acres devoted to the growing of Sczirl‘f's

fruxtmg strains of small fruit pluntsrfruil trees,

iarm seeds, garden roots, etc. Our lree catalog

Will surely please and save you money.



W. I. SCARFF, New Carlisle, Ohio





 





 





 





 





PLANT HARDY TREES





Healthy. acclimated, high grade, true to label fruit trees

and plants tor Northern States at wholesale prices. direct

from nursery to planter, Send for catalogue.





CELERY Cl" NURSERIES Drsx E Ksuuuoo Mlcu.





 





 





 





For





 





or over.





ii. F arme





for you.

plates.





tested seeds.





the famous





These packets are enclosed in a coupon envelope

which when emptied and returned, will be accepted

as 25¢ each payment on any order of one dollar





 





P. S.-—As this re-

markable odor is

made solely to

demonstrste th e

superiority of H en—

derson’s T est ed

Seeds. only one

can be sent to any

one person.





 





& Co.





 





 





For ’ W'i

r-the armer S l e

6 Henderson Specialties and

Our Big Illustrated Seed Book





ERE’S a book that will help make bigger profits

213 pages of information.

Over 800 photo engravings showing actual

results without exaggeration from HENDERSON’S

Use them for bigger yields per acre

and better prices per bushel.





Best of all, it contains 8 pages of general cultur-

al information no farmer can afford to miss.





AND HERE IS WHERE THE FARMER'S WIFE COMES IN.

This year we have induced Mrs. Rotor—the famous culinary

expert—to furnish one recipe for cooking eacu vegetable. There

are three pages of these.





Book and Specialties





Send us 100. mentioning this paper and we will send you

Henderson Seed Book

Garden" together with one packet of each of the following

Henderson's Specialties:

Scarlet Globe Radish

Henderson’s Invincible Aston

Giant Spencer Sweet Peas





Peter Henderson





35-37 Cortludt Street

New York City





W





8 color





The best recipes by the best cook.

How to get the





“Everything for the





Ponderoea Tomato

Big Boston Lettuce

Mammoth Butterfly Pansies





 





PETER HENDERSON 8: C0..

35-37 Cortlandt St., New York City





I enclose herewith 10c for which send

catalogue and "Henderson Specialty

Collection" as advertised.
. .mz:u»-m..r—





...._. w-.- M.





 





t.

,i

u,

i





“(—mmic—mvnr-a’.‘ m... .





206 (38)





New SEED OATS





I I

Buy Money III Oats

' New Seed Oats. Big money in oats if you

raise therightkln . Here‘syourchance

to get them. Imported Canadian Seed.

Oats for sale; extra line. Send for free

sample. It speaks for itself. This same

oats we sold last year In the United

States and proved theirmerit and our

statement that the farmers need a

change of seed in this country. We

makea specialty of growing extra line

seed oats on our big Canadian farm-

new, clean land; no weeds. Have best

known varieties. Regenerated Swedish

Select went. 116 bushels to acre this year;

rly New Market, Canada’s favorite, 110

bushels to acre. Both of these are big, early

yielders. We absolutely know from ex-

, perlence it, will pay you to get a chun 'e of

seed. Try some of these oats. The average oa sare

inbred and run out. Canadian Government Grain

Inspector graded this grain No. 1 White. Havestiif

straw, white berry, thin husk, enormous yielder. It

is as easy to putin and harvest a big crop asasmall

one. The reason your out crop is not biggeris be-

cause your seed is run out. This has been proven.

Look at this cut. Taken from photograph of two

stalks from Gullown Brothers’ held, over 200 ker-

nels to the stalk. \ rite early for free sample, or,

send ten cents each for packet of one or both kinds.

Will also send you free booklet entitled “Big

Money in Oats and How to Grow Them.” by Galloway

Bros. and Prof. M. L. Bo\vmun.former professorof

farm crops Iowa Agricultural College. information

in this book is priceless. (let it free. Resolve to start

a seed patch on your high-priced land this year. The

book tells you how.





GALLOWAY BROS.7BOWMAN 00.,

642 Galloway Station, Waterloo. Iowa.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 





 

   

 





d a,





. hunky

I





 





The largest grower

of pure Alfalfa Clover,

Timothy, Red. Alsike and

Mammoth Clovcrs.



The kinds the gentleman farmer

and the-farmer who respects his

lands wants to sow on account of

their absolute purity. namely 99.150

"and 100 per cent. growth.



The kind America‘s i‘umous acri-

- culturist. 'Ex—Gov. Hoard, of Wis-

consin, endorses. sows and praises.





Salzer’s Seed Catalog Free





It's the most original seed book pub-

lishodJirislling with seed truths, and

is mailed free to intending Ipurchus-

ers. 0r rcmit 10c in stamps for 10

pkgs. rmuurkable i‘urm seed sam-

, ? pics, including our famous Alfal-



‘- i fa.Billion Dollar (.‘rass,Speltz,et/c.



JOHN A SALZER SEED co.



1 35 30. Bill Street LaCroooo. Wlo.





   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





   





v . r . . .. . . I

Pears. Bartlett, Seclrel and others. Fine, healthy .

trees. Cherries, very low in price. Plums. all .

best varieties. Peaches, grown from buds n.-

from hearing trees. Guaranteed true-to- .

label. Also extra fine

Currants andcrapos,

any quantity. spe—

cial 40c, 31 and 812.60

Lot (liters. for gar-

den planting for home ‘|

use: Our prices have not been

advanced to meet the recent

general raise. Get wholesale

' prices direct from us and save 9

‘ tot. Free catalog. Write.

W. P. RUPERT & SON. Box 60 , Seneca. N. Y.

Also Breeders of Prize Hampshire b‘hrep.





 

   

   

   

 

   

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





. ”'f‘“ ‘-





 





Try our seeds this year. They will more

' than plcasc you. For nnlv illt‘. in ‘ '

stumps or cnin we will sciui u. rcgulm'

lull sizc puckct of



Beet, Im roved Blood Turnip,



r Lettuce, ny “Ill.



Radish. Scarlet Turnip, “'hllc Tipped.

Aster, Queen 0! the :irket, mixed,

Sweet Pena. Finest mixed, and a copy of

the. best Catalogue \\ (2 over issued.

Remember, thz-sc are rcgulnr sivc parka-it- nurl shouhl not be

Sand for





(Dillplil‘iii with those scut nuiin some t'ulh-ciiuns’.

the catalogue anyway. It‘s free and bcucr thun over. F





, M. H.3RUNJES 8 Sflllsmii‘goii’ifx‘z'x‘ifii’l





 





 





From 8 acres of land one man

raised 5600 bushels 0! onions

—an average of 700 bushels

per acre. He planted





HUNKEL’S





Fancy Yellow Globe Danvers





ONION





Gives universal satisfac-

tion. in earliness per-

mits planter to realize high early

market price and Its keeping qua- .

lilies allow many 0! our custom-

em to keep onions wellimo June.

Pkg. 5c.; 1 02. 15c; 2 oz. 25c.; V4 _

lb. 401:4 lb. $1.40. Free Seed Catalog. ,-

G. H. HUNKEL C0.l 1.07Cheat- -

nut St, Milwaukee, Wis.





 





 





   





, PRATT‘S





.‘fSCALEClDE”





‘ Will positively destroy SAN JOSE SCALE and all



soft bodicd sucking insccts without injury to the



‘ trec. Simple, more cil’cctive and cheaper than



Lime Sulphur. Not an experiment. Ono gallon



makes it; to 20 gallons spray by simply adding water.

3 Bond [01' Booklet. "Ul'Chm'd Insurance.”





I. B. PRATT 80.. 50 CHURCH 8T.. NEW YORK CITY.»





REGENERATED SWEEDISH SELECT OATS





1'. S. Dcpnrlmcnt 01' Agriculture pronouncc these to

be the ”Bcsl Amcricuu Out.” Highly rccmnmcvulwi

bv Slutt‘ Auriciiltllrul :xnrl i'nrnici‘e-i \vhcrcvcr trim].

\Vc hzivc only 200 bushcls to spurc. lino quuliil'. cnlirc-

ly free from smul or rust. 'hiln they Just ch pcr

bu.. rcclcnncd, in iww balm. . o. l. curs. Tlciicr

order today. JOHN It. MARVIN. Fcnton, Mich.





STRAWBERRY PLANTS THAT GROW





All Standard Varieties. Also RASPBERRY, BLIOKBERRV-

CURRANT nnd GRAPE Plants and ASPARAGUS Roots in

ASSORTMENT. WARRANTED TRUE-TO-NAME. and of

GRADE represented. (liitnlog.r with (‘ulturnl Instructions FREE.

0. E. WRITTEN. BOX l4. BRIDGMAN. MICHIGAN.





' mid Get the Best

Buy Direct—Save Money pm}. Trees. line at

$4.00 per hundred. Apple. 100; Cherry Re All kinds

of Trees and

ERNST NURSERIES, Box 1, Moscow. 0.





   





   





   

   





 

     





   

 





     

 





 

   

 





 

   

 





 

   





 





 





THE MlCHIGAN FARMER.





TREATMENT OF TREES INFESTED

WITH SAN JOSE SCALE.





“'hen trees are of poor varieties, or if

it is not deemed worth while to spray

them, they should be destroyed at once

as they will never give fruit of any value

and will serve to spread the scale to

neighboring trccs.



Pruning Before Spraying.



In order to do the best work, the trees

should be pruned, removing all the dead

branches and cutting back others that

have been seriously injured, or that are

very high. All surplus shoots and branches

that can be spui‘cd from the trees should

be cut away, thus both reducing the sur—

face to be sprayed and making it possible

to do a better job when spraying for the

scale. ‘



Time and Method of Spraying.



The bcst results arc sccurcd when the



spraying is done (luring the luttcr part of





.Murch, or bcforc growth has started, al-





though if the Irccs are badly infested they

should be spi'aycd in the full and agziiu in

the spring. The 111(th effectual remedy

is limo—sulphur solution, using the com-

lilcl‘ciul mixturcs at thc rule of one part

to ten puris of water; or, one to eight if

the li'ccs are budly cut-rusted. _Be sure

to spray the trees from all sides and cov-

ci' cvcr}: portion from ihc ground to the

ends of the branches.



If the spring: sprujviuu‘ has bccn omit-

lcd, it will h-sstn the injury to ll’lC‘ trccs

if they are spruycd about lbc first of July

null nguiu ihc first of {K‘cptcmbcr whcn the

young; st-alcs are upon the lrccs, using; one

purl in fill pulls of water for applc and

pour irccr‘; ouc 10 ($0 for plums and chcrry

and one to 100 upon peach and Japanese

plums. ‘



Agril. Ccllcgc. L. R. TAFT.





CANCER IN PLANTS.





 





 





Thc .lci’im'iincnl of agriculture has in

Dl'i‘FS u bullcliu cutiilud “ li'own Gal : 1's

Causc :iiul licmcdy," which promises not

only to i<-\'nluiionizc pi'cscnt views i'c—

spcciing llic uniurc of vurious overgrowth:

in plums. but :ilso in throw light on the





cancci- probicui in men and animals. This





.bullclin dculs with a widely disll'ibulcii





‘and harmful discusc of orchard Irccs and





other plants. commonly known in the

Ullll'Ctl Stair-s: as crown gull but it may

occur not only (an inc crown of plants.

but on roots llllii shows.



The discasc hm: bccn known for a longr





,limc, and mulcr the supposition that it





 





 





Berry Plants. Cheap. Catalog free.‘





was infectious and injurious various SlillOS

have madc (uizirzlutiuc laws against ii

The disease bus bccu ascribed to various

causes. without satisfactory proof, and

many persons have bccu lcd to bclicvc

that it was not due to any oi'gunism. The

cxpcrimculs dciailcd SllOW clcurly that, the

gall is due to bucicriu and is iui'vciinus,

bi-iuu‘ rczulily iruusmittcd. not only from

plant to plant of the same kind. but also

In many plums of widcly different fum-

ilics. "hc growth is not only of iisclf iu-

_iui‘iuus in ibc plant, but ulso may bum

:in upon wound through which ollu-i' pum-

sitcs zirc likcly to cutcr, such as ihc fun-

gus ol‘ root rot. and the bucicrizi which

cuusc blight of applcs and pears.



It is rccmumcndcd that the inspcr-iiuu

luws now in i‘m‘vc in the various sluivs

bc ('(mtinucil and cuforccd. It shows \\'ll:‘.t

plants. it is not :ulvisuble to use us :1 (‘l'fln

follt'lwii'ifr u gallml unc. It (lcscribcs 11:0

lii'c history and cultural chai‘uctcrs of the

organism involvcil, points out the diffi-

cullics through which it was isolutcd and

illl‘llllil('ii. givcs uumci'ous illustrations

shmv’uc; ihc nuiurc of the tumors pm—

dumd and the limo involved in thcir pro—

duction \vhon pure cullurcs of the organ—

isms wci'e usvd, shows that the organism

has a wide mugc of host plants and that

thc ovcrgrowlhs produced are in many

ways nuatomicully and otherwise strik—

ingly likc those found in certain molly;-

nant {mimul tumors.



The causc of cunccr is unknown and a

majority of unimal pathologists at the

pi'cscut lime (ll‘t‘ inf'lillflli in regard it us

lion-parasitic chicfiv bowcvci'. bm-uuse

no purusiic has bccu found. Tho bullciin





shows that :1 similar argumcnt might:

have bccu advuuccd with criuul force





some ,vcnrH ugo aquinsl’ ilic parasitic na-

iurc of crown 3:: ll. No good reason can

be mMuw-tl why concci's should not occur

in plants as wcll us in animals. and if

those plant growths are. truly cunccrs

tho): it is cxtrcmcly probable that micro-

organisms of some sort are also the incit-

ing: cnusc in sarcoma. and carcinOma.

Tubcrcle diseases occur in plants as wcll

as in animals and superficially they re-

semble these growths. but not structur-

ally nor in the groupings of the parasite.



The bacteria, causing these plant to-

mors are not abundant in the tissues,





sometimes very rare; are hard to see and

difficult to stain; they perish readily, both

in the tumor and in culture-media; are

difficult to cultivate from the tissues un-

less one knows the technlque; do not form

abscess cavities after the manner of the

tubercle diseases, but multiply in limited





'number within the tissues and apparently





only inside the cells which their presence

stimulates into rapid division. The dis—

ease metastasizcs readily, and on this

account is cut out with difficulty. The or-

ganism loses virulence easily, both inside

the tumors and in culture media, and fin—

ally if the plants are not destroyed by it

ihcy seem to acquire a partial or complete

immunity.



The bulletin should not only be of very

great importance to the orchardist and

g‘ower of hothouse plants, but also to all

specialists who are interested in the can-

cer problem, inasmuch as in the present

uncertain state of research on that (lis-

cusc any clue whatsoever becomes of im-

portancc. It is not claimed that the or-

gunism hcrc dcscribcd is itself the cause

of malignant tumors. but only that in

many respccts the growths produced by’it

are suggestive of malignant animal tu—

mors. and that probably some similar par-

asite lics at the bottom of the malignant

phcnomcna of such growths. The hul-

lciin involvcs tcamwork done by four

Ilt’tll'lil' in ihc dcpzirtmcnt of agriculture,

(«vi-Irina- c. pci'iod of six years and the

total number oi experiments involved

Hummus to thousands.





COMMERCIAL, LIME-SULPHUR

SPRAYS.





The value of any limo-sulphur spray

mixiurc is in proportion to the per cent





of sulphur contained in solution. and a,

l

‘,{ w Il'issvd by the lust lcgisluiurc i‘eruiircs‘





the manufacturers of lime—sulphur solu-

lion, as wcll as makcrs of all other insec—

llniilcs and i‘ung‘iwillcs. in subm‘t :1 guar-

amccd stutcmcni of the analysis of their

1 llllldS.



Hiulc Inspccior l.. R. Taft announces

[but the brands now on sale in Michigan

lure a ,2er margin of sulphur in solu-

tion abovc lhc guziruulcc. and indicate

Hunt the manufacturers are pulling out a

good article and are endeavoring to com-

i-ly with the rcquircmcnis of the state

inscciicidc law.



Sonic authoriiics advisc against. the use

of u Stillllli'll which contains loss than 24

per cent of sulphur in solution. but the

write-r would not discriminate against

ihcm. oxr-cpt lo valuc ihcm in proportion

to their guarantccd analysis. and consid—

ering that a brand containingr 24 pct' cent





of sulphur is worth one-third more than1





a brand which coniuins only 18 pm" cent.

making: a l’Izll‘l'Ol of ihc former worth $10

as cmnpaz'cd \villi $7.50 for thc lullci‘.

One should not be (11 cr-ivcil by what pur—

ports to bc the guuranlcc on the lubcl, as

if a labcl i-cmls “Sulphur~18 to 27 pr-r

ccui." thc amount guui‘nniccd is only 18

iwr ccnt‘. and the use of ihc two DGI‘C'CUT-

.tc'ns indicates that the munui’acturer is





‘iliiH‘ trying lo duccivc the public or that.





ho docs not huvc sufiicicnt confldcnce in

his method of manufacture to guarantee

:1 (Iciiniic pc-i'ccuinc‘



Somc of thc local (lcalcrs in lime-sui-

phur m'c churning from ten to 12 per

lzmrcl. but in sr-cilons not tt-o far rcmoic

from :1 fut-hwy and having" fuir ruih‘ozu‘

fucililics it should not cost morc than $9

in $9.50 prr barrel.



if ivlll r’lccs not objcci' to the bother of

making it at home ihc cost would not be





morn ilian Si pci' barrcl. including. labor,‘





luv] and i'uzilcrinls. but it is important

lilill ihc limr- usml should not conmin

nun-c ihun livc pcl" ccni of magnesia. while

uu'si of tho limc (m the market has 11

Illi' w-ut and some as much as 40 pm‘

u-ut. This is «il\j¢‘<'li(inal>l(' 21s it wastes





'Ilic sulphur. and besidcs unlcss one can.

1... euro of Ibc quulilv of llu- limo thc pm—'





(.uwt will not bc uniform. For those rca-

.w us most grmvcrs will find it more sut-

fsiuciorv in the cud to purchase some

cf the commercial brands.





CATALOCTTJ E NOTICES.





stcll's Sccd Annual for 1.011, sent on

i‘cqucst by S. Ni. Isbcll & 00,, (if Jackson.

Nit-11., is a profusely illusti'uicd book of

104 pages. (TcSPl‘iDliVO (if this firm's line

of farm, garden and flmvcr sccds. The

company‘s now home is also shown on tho

inside cow-r page



Harris’ Sceds for 1911 is the title of :1

new 72-page catalog describingr and illus—

trating the Harris line of form. garden

and flower seeds and ncccssoriesf The

motto on ihe cover of this catalog is

“From the Grower to the Slower.”



Darling & Behan. Petoskey, Mich, are

sending out their 1911 catalogue of north-

ern grown seeds. This is a 72-page cat-

alogue fully describing and illustrating

their full line of farm, garden and flower

seeds.





No-money-ln-advance. no-

bank-deposil. Shipped

direct to you at dealer’s

wholesale prices. Pay

as out ol the “extra '* ”14y

proiil” the sprayer earns. 21‘!”





Horse Power Sprayer





No trees too M b, no fleid too big for this kin

of S rayers. or orchards, vineyards. otatoes‘.

we 5, etc. No hand pumpln require —works

automatically. One man can 0 more Work with

this machine than two men with the old style

aprayers. It saves you



labor, time and money.





Doubles

Your Crop





The Man-Power Sprayer

is an all-purpose machine ,

for the Irlnedium-siizedll ht t



grows c eap m pr ce, a mu



able. moms to era areGTJA'RAh ‘ ‘



p y mvn YEAns. We ay

the freight. Write 3. et-

ter or card to-day—and



you Spraying

Guide, Catalogue of all-

kinds-of-spmyers. and

Special-Free-Sproyerof—

fer for

cnllty this season.

delay. Write now.

means money to you.





II. I. BURST MFG. COMPANY

. 24: North so. Canton, Ohio





 





 





 





 





Spraying Makes Fine

Fruii ind Healihylrees





Spraying your trees helps in two ways— '

first and most important, it kills insects and ‘

prevents disease. and enables you to grow ’

good fruit and plenty of it; second, it keeps ,

your trees healthy and makes them live longer. ~





Deming Spray Pumps





are reliable, beauty they are made strong and ,_

durable; because of' their brass working parts, n

which the chemicals used in spraying ma- :

terluls cannot “cat" out. More than twenty l

styles, hand and power. If your hardware ‘

or implcmcnt dcnlcr does not handle

Deming Sprayers, write us. “'6 make

pumps for all uses. Agencics in

. principal cities. «





TIIE DEMING COMPANY” ,-





 

 

 

 

 





 

   

   

   

 

   





 





 

 





 





 





 





Spraying Willis





’1 and Prepared Mixtures





, Save your trees. vines and plants

“ " ' from the ruvuges of scale, fungi

and worms by s inning. and thus insure an in-

creased yield. Illvery farmer. gurdener, fruit or





   





’ flower grower should write at once for our free

i cutulog, describing Excelsior Spraying Outfits,

. and containing much information on how to sprnv

‘ fruit and vegetable crops. ‘ [17]





WM. STAHL SFRAYER C0., Box108\V, Quincy, Ill.





9 50 Busheis hm Per Acre

From This New T_e_st§_d_ Poihto





l ( \Ve haveprovedthat the “ Moreton" potato will positively





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





yield 50 bushels more per acre than other varieties. with ex-

actly the same care. It is handsome, smooth. round and

white. Vigorous grower; late or main crop. We offer)





20 Other Splendid Varieties ,/

5,000 Bushels of Seed This Year /(





- . |

“Ya know each kind/ram firm-mm] (179:7sz and N

l

1.





 





obscrvnh’ou—we grow thcui right here and



watch them to see that the vines are free from \

blight or other disease. At digginhr time. the

whole crop is carefully inspected. Our Cata~

loguciists not only potatoes. but Farm,

Garden and Flower Seed.\\’e‘ll gladly z: _

send a copy on request. '. - ~





Joseph Harris Company

Moreton Farm, Box 30 ’ ’

Goldwater, New York/d3:





“KANToKLOG”,

SPRAYERS





Something New _

Gets twice the results-5 _,

with same labor and fluid. %"

Flat or round, line or coarse sprays

from some nozzle. Tcn st les. For

trees, potatoes, gardens. w itewashing,

etc. Agents Wanted. Booklet Free.

w:





Rochester Spray Pump Co. Biifififiifm .





SPRAY FRUITS AND



FIELD CROPS

and do whitewashing in most efl'ectull, economical,

rapid way. Satisfaction guaranteed. BROWN’S





"AND OR



Pow... Auto-Sprays



No.1,shown bare, is fitted with Auto-Pop Nozzle— ,



does work of 3 ordinary sprayer-s. Endorsed by 193- J



periment Stations and 300,000 otborl. 40 styles and



sizes of hand and power sprayers-alao rices



And valuable spraying guide in our Free ook.



Write postal now.



THE E. 0. BROWN COMPANY



32 Jay BL, Rochester, N. Y.





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

   





' rum" 5.5:.
39:1

‘3'.





 





 





 





 





 





FEB.' 18, 1911. ¢





 





W





OFFICERS OF THE STATE ASSOCIA-

TION OF FARMERS’ CLUBS.





President—B. A. Holden, Wixom.



Vice-Pres, J. D. Leland, Coruuna.



Secretary—Mrs. C. P. Johnson, Meta-

mora. ~



Treasurer—Mrs. Lewis Sackett, Eckford.



Directors—A. R. Palmer, Jackson; Wm.

H. Marks, Fair Haven; C. L. Wright.

Caro; E. W. Woodruff. Blanchard; C. P.

Johnson, Metamora; Patrick Hankerd,

Munith.





Address all communications relative to





the organization of new Clubs to Mrs. C..

P. Johnson, Metamora,





Mich.





Associationsl Motto.— .

The skillful hand. with cultured mind.





is the farmer's most valuable asset.





 





Associational Sentiment.—

The farmer, he garners from the soil





the primal wealth of nations.

THE SHARE OF THE FARMER’S

' ' WIFE.





 





State Association

ogptfiilnéf§ddi‘§§°b§hentrs. Alfred Allen.

of the Ingham County Farmers’ Club.



“the“ I read my subject, “The Share of

the Farmer’s Wife," I thought, her share

of what? And I asked a member 0f the

committee'how I should treat the subject.

he said, treat it any way you wish. He

said, “we did not know what you wanted

to write upon so we gave you this sub—

ject to fill in,” and sometimes I think

that’s what a wife’s share is—to just fill

in, and perhaps that is what my paper

will do, fill in.



In the discussion part of my paper I

wish to speak of the wife's share as to

the home-making, the wife's share as to

work and the wife's s'iare as to money——

the three principal things that we must

share in and contribute to if we have any

home at all.



Larwartine says that there is a woman

at the beginning of all great things and

I count the share of the wife in the mak-

ing of a home an important share. While

mothers do not form the whole of a fam—

ily executive. they must by order of things

take a greater share in the making of a

home and the training of the children.

Every man believes he chose his wife as

she” did her wedding gown, for qualities

that would wear well. so he is willing to

have such a. one help make his home and

help train his children.



Then the home-making (not just house-

keeping), is certainly the share of the

wife. Of what does a home consist? Of

a beautiful house? All modern improve-

ments? Expensive carpets? By no means.

There may be a small house, rag carpets

on the floor and only a few pictures on

the wall but if the mother in that home

imparts to this humble abode an atmos-

phere of home, it is home indeed.



Bishop Vincent says: “Religion is an

atmosphere.” Can one grasp and analyze

atmosphere? It is the intangible some-

thing that makes a home home. Helen

Hunt Jackson 'has given among her writ-

ings a picture of a home as it ought to

be. At any rate people, old and young,

like to visit such a home and in days past

we have thought, as we have been in

homes like that. “Some time we will have

such a home.” Each of us has pleasant

memories of coming in out of the frosty

air, hungry and tired after perhaps a

walk or hard work. and hearing the snap-

ping of the fire and the singing of the

kettle, and with the smell of browning

potatoes and warm apple sauce and a

smiling, though perhaps tired mother, we

have realized what home was. All! that

was home, sweet home.



If we are not among the number of

born home-makers. since it is our share.

let us study to make our homes real

homes in a broad sense. Have a pleasant

fire. a wide lounge with plenty of pillows

of the washable sort. not too nice to

lounge upon, some easy chairs, and some

pictures, if possible. of real art, perhaps

painted by a daughter. or at least, pic-

tures with good morals to them. Plenty

of good wholesome reading. magazines

and books. and music if possible. And

the clear children, let us make a home

for them. Let the boys and girls have

their playthings. dolls, books. fishing

tackle, and jack knives. They musthave

them, the same as the mother must have

her utensils for baking and cooking. In

later years they will not remember the

bitsiof dust about, but they will remem-

ber the cross words and angry frowns of





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





mother. We are influenced by the homes

we enter and we bring the memory of

each into our own. So let the influence

of our homes go out to the betterment of

others as the spirit of others have come

into ours.



Now as to the work; the woman's

share of the work. Some one has said all

a woman has to do in this world is con-

tained within the duties of a daughter. a

sister and a mother. I have always con-

tended that if a woman did all that need—

ed to be done in the house it was her

share, unless perhaps, the care of the

chickens and flower garden. I believe

woman‘s cause is man's and that many

times the man can help the woman in the

performance of her duties and the woman

the man.



There is much said these days of we-

men studying agriculture. In fact, I have

read of some very successful women

farmers. You have noticed from time to

tim, running through" the Michigan Farm-

er, articles headed, “Country Women as

Money Earners.” Instances of one wo-

man successful in bee culture, another in

extensive poultry raising. which is a fine

thing in case she be a well woman and

small family, but for the most part a

woman living on a farm, rearing her chil-

dren and doing her own work. even though

she has a few social engagements, is al-

ready a busy woman and adding more

would mean overwork. (that dreaded

thing that we see so much of among our

farm women). Of course. one could hire

some of her work done and then do the

work desired outside, which would be no

advantage unless she needed the outdoor

work for health's sake, or to do away

with the monotony of housework. I think

the farmer's wife and daughters ought to

understand some of the practical things

of agriculture. Perhaps the daughter could

make use of one of the agricultural

courses for girls on the farm if the moth-

er could not.



We ought to lighten the work of the

farm inside as well as out. let the women

have a firelcss cooker, a food chopper. a

gasoline iron and the numbcrless other

things that are l:1bor savers. Perhaps

some of you read the speech that Theo-

dore Itoosr-velt made to a Grange gather-

ing this summer. He said, ”It is :1 mal-

ter of highest obligation for us to see that

the work of woman is performed under

conditions which make for her welfare

and happiness and for the welfare and

happiness of the children she brings into

the world.



Now. what share of the money is the





wife's? This is a step on dangerous

ground, for that problem is a problem

still. Giving a woman money when she





asks for it is neither just. reasonable or

businesslike. Perhaps that seems as

though it ought to satisfy her if she gets

it by asking. but it does not.~ It makes

her feel so dcpendent. One man said the

other day that he gave his wife the pro-

ceeds from butth and eggs. With the

present prices that might mean quite a

little but, of course, that would depend

upon the amount of butter and eggs she

had to sell.



Shall the wife have an allowance? If

so, she should know what the income of

the husband is. in order to know what

share she is getting and in order that she

may not be either scrimping or spending

more than was her share. Then her al-

lowance would depend upon the family

income and the bills she had to pay

with it.



Or again, should the husband and wife

have one packet book? A friend of mine

(a wife), said, “That‘s the way we do.

have one pocketbook. but he carries the

pocketbook." If the woman is “sole

partner and sole part," as Milton says,

she should know what is in. and be at

liberty to go to, the pocketbook as often

as the other partner. One should be fair

with a. partner in business with him.



3 t 8



If women are so successful as financiers

they ought to be. capable of using or

spending their share. (shall I say one

half), whatever it may be, or at least to

help plan how it shall be used.



Would it not be wise to have all of the

money go into one pocketbook and every

time John gets a. labor—saver for the

farm let Mary get one for the house? Let

each share in the enjoyments and pleas-

ures and when they sell something from

the farm or have a little good luck. as we

say. let each enjoy the benefits thereof,

perhaps in a trip or a holiday, or in pay-

ing a debt they owe. But whatever we

’do, let each, husband and wife, strive to

keep up the right spirit. in the home. the

spirit of unselfishness and each will be

doing his or her share.





' to join





TA





 





 





” GRANGEW3





our Motto—”The Farmer is of more

consequence than the farm, and should be

first improved."





 





THE FEBRUARY PROGRAMS.





Suggestions for Second Meeting



Opening song.



Reading. "The Worth of a Boy."



Review of a late number of my favorite

paper or magazine. briefly reported by a.

man and woman.



Music, by Grange orchestra.



Home Nursing, I—Hints on care of the

sick—in charge of Woman’s Work Com—

mittee.



Music.



Distinguished guests—some

Americans.



Song.





illustrious





 





POWER OF PROMPTNESS.



“Why preach better business when You

don't practice it?" was the querulous

comment of a man who was being urged

the Grange. “You never begin

on time, you never close on time—I can't

stand such methods." And, instead of

lending a hand at bettering conditions,

this modern Jeremiah refused to sign an

application blank.



After all, one can‘t blame him over-

much. As is commonly true when sharp.

off-hand criticism is made. there may be

reasonable excuses for delay in opening

many a Grunge lllP-“llflLI. but more Often

the delay is :lvoivll’vlc. ’l‘licre ought to

be a slowly. po:sis:<-nl effort to overcome

any lcnllcuvy to (inlay, first. time of open-

ing; second. time of culling for the lecture

hour; and. third. limo of (-los’ng in every





Grange. This is business and business

methods should provuli. A master is the

business hurl, It may require consider-

able sucrllive on his pzirt to forego the





pleasure of visiting and the temptation to

indulge in 1‘12! goncrul jollily belonging to

the real (hung-e; but. while the master

should be what is called “a good i’nixer."

he shoull a. \l dilly-daily in his sociability.

No long szmics. no quiet visits. no ani-

mated «:lisvussions, however alluring or

even profitable in themselves, should he

indulge in if the time to call the Grange

to order is at hand. Neither should he

take time for these until every detail for

the meeting, possible to arrange in ad—

vunce. has been attendud to,



Pomona nmsters occasionally allow the

entire morning to slip away without cull-

ing to order, Simply because the number

present is small, or one or another ofllcer

has not arrived. There are always plans

that need to be made. business to be

transacted and a sense of ille dignity and

importance of a county organization to be

muiulaincd. hi the submdinale Grange

want of promplness is s arr-ely less ser-

ious in its results. Iliwl‘uiwl's urz‘ange their

schedule of work Lil homo s.» as to give

certain hours in lilo i‘u'uug'c. ll‘lving

done this, it is a soil of thx-t‘t on the part

of oflicers in virtue if members do not

get that for which they planned and at

the time it is due.



True. lilally masters are dilfident. es-

pecially when new in low ot’l‘iwl’n or dread

to interrupt a limb. or l‘ecl

that they may smart ii» I». l-m officious:

but. as with any diilicult task lull must

be done. the more pnunmiy ii is accomp-

lished the beller he will for»! for having

done his duty. The (human blesscd with

such a master wifl rlspund accordingly.

Its general tone wil improve. Its excr-

ciscs will lukc on fifisll in:eresl bcuausc

membczs will come to them before they

are tired. The social life of suuh a Grange

will have a vimvilv and snap wholly

wanting in a faz'g‘wd out audience. The

outside influence of such a Grange will

take a perceptible brace at once.



“If I could got :ll‘ llll“ (Willi-01's in my fer-

ritory just to call to order on time. it

would begin the revolution of Grange

sentiment and (-ffiwiuncv.” said a deputy

recently. And so it would. An offi-cr

may lack marked brilliancv of inicllcct:

he may be unblessed by either grace of

action or glibness of tongue: he may be

awkward and gawky and dress like :1

bacltwoodsinnii-:ill these and yet. being

prompt. he will achieve wonders!



JENNIE BUELL.





gimd sw .;1





WHAT THE GRANGE IS DOING FOR





MENOMINEE COUNTY.





 





'Menominee county is being recognized

more and more as an agricultural county.

True it is that saw—mills still dot it here

and there. furnishing a valuable asset to

the farmer, who can get his timber man-

ufactured into lumber for building pur-





207





poses. The farmcr‘ is each day recogniz~

ing more and' more the value of intensive

farming and in bringing him to that

realization there is no stronger force than

the Grange. This county has 13 subordi»

nate Granges. with a total membership

of 1 000, this number including the second

largest Grange in the upper peninsula—

Stephenson. with 275 members. It also

has a Pomona of 160 members which is

thoroughly active.



Through its influence. at the last Me-

nominee county fair therc was a Grange

day, with a Grange speaker. a competitive

booth exhibit by subordinate Granges, and

other prizes for the members. The booths

were educational and instructive, the

speaker aroused the enthusiasm of the

Patrons, and a new spirit seemed born in

the farmers for bettering their condition.

This year when the Menominee county





agricultural school has its short course,

one day~March 22—will be Grange Day.

The dairy, the judging of seed corn and

other practical subjects. as well as Grange

topics, will be taken up. N. P. Hull, Mas~

ter of the State Grange. has already been

obtained as one of the speakers. One

and one—third fare will be granted by the

railroads and a prize will be gchu by the

school for largest attendance from any

subordinate Grange. Thousands of dollars

have been saved through co-operateybuy—

ing and selling. Dairy clubs are being or-

ganized and all indications point to a bet-

ter, stronger, and more prosperous coun-

ty. with the Grange doing its full share

toward that end.





(39)





RALPH N. SEWALBD.





AMONG THE LIVE GRANGES.





 





Brant Grange, of Saginaw (30., made

.Ian. 20, the occasion of its visit by Gen-

eral Deputy H. B. Fuller and roomy ])e])-

uty Fred \Viltse, a time of all—round revi-

val. Heartily entering into the campaign,

the members invited the State Lecturer to

be present. prepared a brief lo-ul pro-

gram to interspersc among the allilossrs

and, at the close of afternoon and oven—

ing meetings. served an oyster supper lo

70. This number were all (trance unin~

bcrs, 23 ' llliiIlJLOS receivwl llml dly be-

ing among hem. A. good day‘s, wank.



tar Grange, of Gratlot (‘o.. ‘lili’l :1 good

meeting Jan. 28. After l'oi:.'~:'r‘ll." thin!

and fourth degrees on one intuition}. a





 





 





recess was taken, foilowml by llw :cc-

iuu-r‘s program. Thu Ill: questio“ (lis—

4'll.\.\:-,} was, “Do you l'lflll; tlml cqual





sl'llc‘.’” It was

Hole. Marvin.





suffrage would benelit llw

fully discussed by Ems.





Hutchison. Houser and \Vctlicrcl, and it

was decided that it would not. Roll call

was answered by quotations. The sub—





ject, “Games and Refreshments for VVin-

ter Evenings." was led by Mrs. Baker,

followed by Mrs. Hutchison and Mr.

“’etherel. They thought it better to al-

low games in the home than to find the

children seeking them elsewhere.

Enjoyable Union Meeting.——Hespcrla

Grange. 01' Newuygo (70., visited their

Holton brothers and sisters recently. The

members of both organizatlms turned out

in good numbers and made the occasion

one that will be recalled with great plc'lsu

ui'e by everyone pl'eis‘eul. I'lollnll Patrons

made the dinner one of the biggest tel-

turcs of the day's program, ‘l’hcn this

had been enjoyed to the fullest extent, a

short musical and literary progrmn was

given, Bro. Marvin opening the discussion

0f the subject. “Best Papers and Muga-

ziucs for the Farm Home." The Michigan

Fill’lllt’i‘ appeared to be strongly prel'crrl-d

by a majority of those present. with the

Youth's Companion a general favorite

among the young people. A young ladies‘

quartet and a number of the children con-

tributed to the program. Bro. Wm. Rob-

ertson gave a rousing talk on Grange lire

insurance proving his statements as he

went along and clinching his arguments

with figures. The meeting closed with

all convinced that in no other orgunizntimu

are pleasure, l‘el‘l't":lll')ll and intellectual

development for the farmer and his fam—

ily so well supplied as in the Grange.

YOLlfig Patrons at Helm.—llerlin Centcr

Grunge, N0. 27:. was reorganized by

Former Master Horton about the begins

ning of the new yori‘. In reorganizing.

the older members yielded the offices and

the responsibilities of the organization to

the young Pall-Kins and its prospects up—

pcvir very bright. The young (Jifii‘r‘l‘s sv—

lecled for the present year are: Master.

lay Smith: (M'r‘lfiOtfl', "\'fllle Allen; lcc—

lurer. Edith C‘hamlu-rlin; steward, Har-

i'isrm Sherwood; asst. sluwurnl, (‘larc V‘l'alt—

mun; chapluln, lililzl Warmml: secretary,

llirtlie Sherwood: gate keeper. Clayton

Siblu; Pomona. Lalia Harwood: Flora,

Mrs, Lenton: Peres, Mrs. Chas. Lowrv:

lilly asst. steyl'artl. liyn \‘l'oodurd; organ—





lsl, Lillian Sliuvcr. Doll-gates Mr. and

Mrs. Frank Diniels, of Keene Grange,

and our installing Officer were greatly





pleased to know that Berlin C‘enter had

so muny young people and believed that

the older members hilt] made no mistake

in giving over the responsibilities to them.

The first task of the young officers was

the initiation of five new members at a

recent meeting and they accomplished the

work in fine style.~—Mrs. L. J. Barnard.





 





COMING EVENTS.





 





Pomona Meetings.



Arenac 00., with Bay Grunge. at Are—

nac, Friday. Feb. 24. (Postponed from

Feb. 17). Geo. B. Horton, state speaker.

Installation of officers.





Ingham Co.. with Wheatfleld Grange

Wednesday. Feb. 22. Special patriotic.

program.



Barry Co., with Johnstowu Grange.

Wednesday. Feb. 22.
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