EVOL. CXXXVI. No. 9. g

.Whole Number 3537.





«I BUILDING A CONCRETE SILO.





One of my near neighbors, Mr. C. E.

\Vells, built a concrete silo last season,

and as he has succeeded in building a

very firm appearing and, I believe, a

first-class silo in every respect at a very

low cost. It may be interesting to the

Michigan 'Farmer readers to know how

he did it.



‘Mr. \Vells’ dairy and horse barn is a

basement building with a bank of about

fifie feet' on three sides while the other,

the south, is open. The horses and cows

face each other with quite a wide alley

between, running lengthwise of the barn

and the silo is at the end of this alley.

three feet outside the barn, eight feet in

the ground and three feet below the

fiber of the barn. It is 35 feet in height

and 12 feet in diameter.



,He elevated all the material used in

building, with his 3 H. P. gas engine and

a: mechanical hoist. He used two forms

three feet in height, one for outside of

silo and the other for inside, with two

hoops on each. The hoops are built of

inch boards, six inches in width and two

feet in length, each piece being formed

to a circle on one edge, by the help of a

circle drawn on the barn floor. \Vhen





. ~17ij of these boards were finished another





straight edged strip, two feet in length

fights laid on these strips, lapping half-





'gnd-wise and two bolts, one near each





end of this last piece, were put through

both pieces, after that a circle piece, a.

straight piece and a bolt until the hoops

were finished, and they were very true

and even when finished. Matched bass-

wood flooring, three inches in width, was

used in the forms and, of course, the

hoops were on the inside of the inner

form and on the outside of the outer one.



The silo wall is seven -inches thick, and

the cement and gravel was mixed at a

ratio of one to seven. Mr. Wells has a

gravel pit on his farm and with a team

and scraper he stripped the soil clean

from the gravel, leaving a sufficient quan-

tity ready to be shoveled into wagon to

build the silo. The man drew it with

dump boards on the wagon and in un-

loading it just drew onto the pile and

dumped it, thus escaping a lot of hard

work with the shovel. Before commenc-

ing work on the silo, sufficient gravel was

on the ground to build it.



,The outfit for elevating the material

was as follows: One end of a 14-foot





 





 





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.I The Only Weekly Agicultural, Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State.

DETROIT, MICE, SATURDAY. MARCH 4, l9”.





 





 





 





Concrete Silo in Process of Building on the





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





E. Wells, Eaton, Co., Mich.





 

 





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33Loo A YEAR.

$2.75 FIVE YEARS





gin pole was fastened to center of barn,

about 16 feet from the ground, by two

large clevises, one clevis being fastened

to end of gin pole, the other to plank

center post (the barn has a plank frame).

On the other end of gin pole was slung

a single pulley for hoisting rope, then

this end was drawn up until the pulley

hung over the center of the silo site,

and was secured to the peak of the barn

by a long single chain which allowed it to

swing around and get over the center of

the draught.



\Yhen elevating the loads cf concrete

and stones, of which the tub would be

heaped fllll each time, one end of the

hoisting rope “as wound on the hoist

drum, the other drawn through the pulley

on the gin pole and fastened to the bllck~

et. The buckets were made of kerosene

barrels, cut through the center, with

good strong balls on them. They had

three or four of tllem. The dirt from the

excavation at the bottom of the silo was

removed with this same rig. One man

on the wagon by the side of the hole

dumped the buckets, another filled them,

while the third mall attended to the hoist

and engine. “'hcn the bucket was

hoisted even with the wagon, the man on

the wagon drew it to the load by a rope

fastened to the hoisting rope and dump-

ed it, and as the digging was quite easy

the excavation was made in a very short

time, considering the amount ‘of dirt

handled. But three men Worked at any

time, and none of them had ever worked

on or seen a silo built before. But one

form, the inside one, was used to bring

the silo to the surface. A great. deal of

care was used to keep the forms exactly

plumb and level, and they succeeded ill

bringing the silo up 35 feet to the top as

true as a plummet could make it.



The cylindrical shaped object with the

square door, held open by a shovel handle

in the photo, is their mixer, which is (i.

very ingenious inventicin and a great

labor saver. It is a large barrel with a

shaft through the center with iron plates

bolted. to heads of barrel and keyed to

shaft, with two pulleys on one end of this

shaft, one loose and the other keyed to

shaft, on which the belt runs to engine

to revolve barrel 0r mixer. These pul—

leys are old mower drive wheels. The

mixer has four other shafts running

through it at equidistant points. The

gravel and cement was shoveled into

pails, of which they used quite a num-





 





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v-Grand Champion Ten Ears of Com at The National Corn ExpOsltlon. GroWn by Roy D. Clore, Johnson Co., Ind..;‘ Bought by W. N. Scarff, Clark Co., 0., for $350.
242 p (2)





her, and the proper amount of each

poured into mixer, the door fastened, the

belt guided onto the fast. pulley and,

while the last batch was being wet and

placed in the hoisting bucket, the fresh

batch was mixed in a most thorough

ma’nner, by its being sifted and tumbled

around and between these shafts and the

sides of mixer, thereby doing away with

the most arduous part of all hand-mixed

cement work. After filling the bucket

with the concrete it was elevated to the

level of top of silo, the dog dropped into

the brake ratchet of hoist which held it

exactly and securely at that place, while

the workman on top of silo drew it to him

easily by pulling on the rope attached to

hoisting rope near the bucket.





The forms were filled in courses, four

and five courses to each filling of the

forms—three feet; and in each course

were placed stones as large as would go

in and not show through or. either side.

no slone was allowed to tou-:h another.

In each course was 1laid a wire cable

made by tw1sting two No. 8 galvanized

wires. The wagon wheel method em-

ployed by telephone line builders was

used in preparing the cable. The time

occupied in filling the forms would aver-

age just about three-fourths of a day,

but it was allowed to stand and harden

until the next morning before moving





 





 





 





Top of Silo Showing Method of Applying

Cement Wash and Its Appearance.





the forms up. When ropes were attached

in the form of balls the engine started

and the hoist would wind the rope up

and steadily, easily and smoothly raise

the forms to another position for filling

again. The forms were held in place by

braces from the ground, which show in

photo. The doors are next to the barn

and were made by placing a form in il 10

wall, making each door frame the exact

size of all the rest. The doors go inside

and rest against the projection all around,

and with a gasket of hean' cotton cloth

or felt, entirely exclude the air. The

single door on opposite side from the reg-

ulai line of doors is for cm11’ci‘1icnvc in

putting in beet tops, without elevating

them through the filler.



The scaffolding for working on was en-

tirely on the inside and was made with

four 2x4‘s with extensions bolied on as

the silo grew in height, with cross pieces





bolted on to support the platform, with

plenty of braces and stay—Iaths.

Twenty-six barrels of cement were





usml, the most of it costing $1.20 per bar-

rel, the balance $1.50 per barrel. Two

coats of wash made of cement was ap-

plied both outside and inside, but had

not been applied on outside, or but little

of it, when photo was taken.



The forms can be taken apart in as

many places as you choose by removing

bolts in hoops.



Mr. Vs’ells, in commenting on the effi-

ciency of the gasoline engine for doing

farm construction and other work, says

that without other than the regular farm

help, they have, with its aid, built the

wall of concrete and stone for the barn,

put in a concrete floor throughout, built

concrete cow mangers in the barn, ele-

vated and mixed all material for silo, and

the engine has been on the ground a large

part of the time for seven months, and

in that time has made no trouble, and

not one cent has been expended for re-

pairs. I‘Iach night they lift it on a cart

and wheel it to the separating room and

do the skimming and it is left there Mon-

day's to do the washing, so it gets small

chance to loaf.





Eaton Co. E. J. Born





USES SOFT COAL IN EVAPORATOR.





 





In answer to the question recently

asked in The Farmer regarding the use

of soft coal in evaporating sap from the

maple tree, will say that I use soft coal

and wood with good success. I like to





use them together, as the wood helps to

carry the heat the entire length of the





evaporator. Any good, clean grate will

burn coal all right I think. at least mine

does. My sugar house is about eight feet

high at the ridge and has a ventilator two

feet wide the length of the evaporator

and right above it. This is built the'same





'as any ventilator, only much longer, and





can be opened or shut from the inside of

the house.





Shiawassee Co. A. B. 00015:.





 





 





FARM BUILDINGS AND EQUIPMENT.



Farm buildings and the equipment of

the farm, including stock and tools nec-

essary to carry on the kinds of farming

desired, are certainly very important fac-

tors in the success which one makes of

this business. Strictly speaking, the farm

buildings are a part of the equipment of

the farm. It is just as necessary to have

buildings on a farm as it is to have tools

fences, and a certain amount of live

stock, and the farm buildings can prob-

ably be said to be the most important

part of the farm equipment.



Two things should be taken into con—

sideration in the location of the farm

buildings. First, the healthfulness of the

location, and second, the convenience.

Of course, most of the farmers of today

who purchaSe farms or who own farms

can have little to say about these two

points. Vl'hen a man goes into a new

country and takes up a farm, then he

can have something to say with regard

to the location of the buildings. But

now we find the farms equipped with

buildings and located, and it is imprac-

ticable in most cases, at least, to change

this location. To have a healthy loca»

tion one should have the buildings locat-

ed on that portion of the farm where the

soil has natural drainage. The'natural

drainage of a sandy, gravely soil, usually

found on elevations, is much better than

artificial drainage so far as health is con-

cerned, although if this spot cannot be

found on the land, artificial drainage

should be remrted to and if thoroughly

done can be made satisfactory.



In considering the convenient location

of farm buildings we must. take into con-

sideration the size of the farm, tr e shape

of the farm, and the location of the mar-

ket. Other things being equal, the build-

ings should .be centrally located, because

it takes a great deal of time to haul the

crops grown upon the farm to the barn

and to go from the buildings to the var-

ious fields year after year to perform the

work. And again, the buildings, if pos-

sible, should be located on that side of

the farm towards the market, because it

will save very much expense in going to

and from town. On a large farm I do

not think it always advisable to have the

buildings located on the road, or in the

(orner of the farm. I like the idea of

having the buildings located more nearly

in the center of the farm, perhaps away

from the public highway entirely. It

gives a private way to one’s location

11 hich is pleasing to me and as far as the

practicability of this location is concerned

it reduces the work and time of hauling

the crops and going to and from the

work, to the minimum.



The farm house, the home of the farmer

and his family, should be considered the

most important building on the farm.

Not that I believe that one should put

too much money into this farm home so

that it cripples him financially, but I do

think that the farmer ought to have a

comfortable and substantial home. As a

matter of fact, I do not believe in build-

ing a palace on a farm, because it is not

necessary, and too often it is a large and

commodious house, built at great expense

and cannot be made as much of a home

as would a smaller more modern dwell-

ing There is a chance for the exercise

of a great deal of good judgment in the

building of a farm house. More thought

should be given to the interior arrange-

ment and equipment of the house than

to the exterior. The exterior is more for

looks the interior for comfort, and in

my judgment, money invested in properly

heating the house so that it will be com-

fmtable from cellar to garret in prop-

erly lighting it with either acetylene gas,

gasoline, or electric lights and arranging

a sewer system so that the house can be

equipped with inside toilet and bath

room, is well expended. These are things

well worth considering by the farmer.

These are conveniences and comforts

which the farmer is entitled to as well

as anybody that I know of and for my

part I would rather put some extra mon-

ey into these comforts and conveniences

than into looks on the outside of the

house I believe the majority of farmers

would be better satisfied if they would

fix up their old houses with these mod-





THE MlCHlGAN FARMER.





ern conveniences on <the inside, rather -

then spend a lot of money to build a new -

house with modern architecture, just for ‘





looks. -



Of course; the barns on the farm' are

the practical part of the building equip-

ment. One might write a whole chapter

upon farm barns and out-buildings. Very

few farmers have barn capacity sufficient

to economically care for their crops and

their live stock and their tools, and mom

ey necessary to build the proper barns

and buildings for caring for these var-

ious things ought to be considered a part

of the investment in the farm. I do not

believe it pays to stack hay and wheat

and other grains, or even straw. I believe

the farmer can well afford to have suffi~

cient buildings so that these can be pro-

tected from the weather, and the amount

saved will more than pay interest on the

investment. And yet here, in the erection

of barns and out-buildings, one must

use judgment and not be extravagant.





Farm equipment proper will include

fencing, stock, and tools. There is very

little to be said in this day about the

kind of fence to build upon the farm.

There is very little chance for diSCUSsion.

The modern woven wire fence is so far

and away superior to all other kinds of

fence that the question is practically not

subject to discussion. If the farmer had

the timber so that he could fence his

farm with rails it would be grossly ex—

travagant because the timber would be

worth more for lumber than it would for

rails, and board fences are no longer

practical. Barb wire fences are a nuisance

and are dangerous. There is only one

place to put a barb wire and that is at

the top of a good woven wire fence.



In considering the investment in live

stock one. of course, would take into

consideration the nature of the farming.

The dairy farmer,

stock man. must have a large amount of

money invested in stock, while the fruit

farmer or the grain farmer can have it

reduced to a minimum. But to make the

greatest amount of profit out of farming

one must have sufficient stock to mcet

the requirements of his particular kind

of farming. Farms should be Well eq-iip-

ped in this respect.



Very few farms have sufficient horse

power on the farm to do the work prop-

erly and on time. I know it is expensive

to winter idle horses but it is also ev-

pensive to not get the crops in on time

and not properly care for them, and it is

more profitable to winter a few extra

horses than it is to have the crops half

put in and not properly cared for.



The kind of farming must also be tak-

en into consideration in the equipment of

tools. One must have his farm equipped

with the proper tools for the line of farm-

ing that he carries on and with the high

price of labor special pains should be tak-

en to have labor-saving tools.



COLON C. LILLIE.





GROUND LIMESTONE VS. PLASTER.





Does ground limestone produce the same

effort when sown on clover as the old-

fashioned land plaster or gypsum?



Cass (to. SUBSCRIBER.



The effect of ground limestone and land

plaster on the soil is very different. They

are entirely different combinat‘ons of cal-

cium and have '11 dl-ft‘crcm chemical effcr-t

upon the soil. Limestone is the carbonate

of calcium and its chief benefit to the soil

is in neutralizing any acids which may be

present in it, thus swectening the soil and

making it a more suitable habitation for

beneficial soil bacteria. This is the prin-

cipal reason why lime is beneficial by way

of preparation for alfalfa and of benefit

to some other crops, although in the case

of alfalfa, which appropriates more lime

as a direct plant food than most crops.

there is thought to be some benefit de-

rived from an increased availability of

this plant food in the soil Then it is

contended bys some sricntists that for the

best results with different crops a proper

balance must be maintained between the

content of calcium and magnesia in the

soil, and that an application of lime re-

stores this balance to soils from which the

lime has been largely removed through

the action of the elements.



011 the other hand. the chemical effect

of land plaster, which is a sulphate of cal—

cium. is practically confined to the libera-

tion of the mineral plant foods. particu—

larly potash, from unavailable compounds

in the soil, which accounts for the re-

markably.- beneficial effects observed from

the use of a small amount of land plaster

on new land when sown clover. and the





absence of such effects after a time, when-





this process of conversion has been com-

pleted.





or rather the live





Use KEROSEN 1%?





imam—anus “w... 1...-





Engine FREE.

”mus-.12: ’





15m? “1 i]. '13;





price eveir given on “all: a min

yanking.





 

 





fl

“#11911 Mt.





611mm ls! '

Automobile mum no '





in:

line that. “3K6: world's asap

is ginningm she fig





oil. Stingo

lntaotcoul oi dopwor'llrw f



glues pints gasoline. 11

Monte no evaporationino



explosion from coal oi .





Amazing “DEBIT"





The“DETROIT" is the only engine that handles





higher“ PhanT cool





too. Starts without cranking. Basic potent—only three moving

parts-no cams—no sprockets-no goon-no valv Me mm

in simplicity. power and strength. Mounted on Ikldl. All duo.

240 $011.11., in stock Maynahlp. Com-Egon engine and It

before crating. Comes all read to“ run mpl, an,» throngs.

churns. 1‘th milk. E1 111.com an: home

electric~lig ting plant. cos (stripped). ‘29. 50 up.

Sent any place on 15 daya' Free Trial. Don 't buy on engine

till on inhesflaotem pinning. money-loving. power-saving

”D Thousandlhuse. Oodoonlypoouuo

out. If you no ITflm in your no borhoodto write. In will .11.:

you a! Ex tra-Low tlvodnctory price. 'rltel‘

Mai to“. Works. mm II...“ III‘.





 





 





 





Can Work It





Accurate thorough cultivation with lthe

Kraus Pivot«Axle Sulky Cultivator is 0111

matter of steering; not of work. Instea of

pullingand pushing the entire gang of shovels

from Side to side as with the ordinary cultiva-

tor. the Kraus is steered by the slightest touch

of the foot, wheels and shovels moving side-





.11..........., motL- 1111

"S = 0111111101





Perfect for hillsidest or

' crooked rows. ti;

' ‘ ‘ adjustable for width 0





 

 

 





row and depth and angle

of shovel h or low

wheels or ivot- axons.





Light. draft. A180 Clipper

Hammock Seat.



fdyourK dealer doesn' 1;

him is theK raus, don' t

accept a. substitutemrite





us. Catalogue tree.

AKRON CULTIVATOB 00.

Dept. 12 11111011, 01110

If eslone Ins 9 All Ila





It Destroys SORREL and M058

And insures a heavy yield of Alfalfa and Clover.





L|HESToHE makes sour» land sweet. _ In

creases the yield of all crops

it supplies the necessary carbonate to light sandy





soils. To make heavy clay land more porous

and easily worked use the great loosener





Ll M E 5T0 N Win. for Inform-o





(Ion and prions.





‘ 1101111111111 LIME 00.,111111 Rapids, 111111.

The Value vii. Manure





(‘an be doubled by using ROCK PHOSPHATE in

(. mnection with it. Manure alone will not supply

enough phos horns to )our soil.



BASIC 15L G carries 15 to 21 poi-cent readil avail-

able phos horous and 35 pettent lime; no or acid

soils. W: to for delivered prices on car lots.





WING SEED 00.. Box 042. Mochanlooburg. 0.





“lore Potatoes”





From ground planted secured

by use of TheK EYSTONE

POTATO PLANTER than

by any other method of

planting. Work perfectly ac-

curate, A simple. strong.

durable machine. W rite

for CATALOG, price. do.

A. J. PLAT'l‘. IFB.

110me





 





 





 





 





   

   

 

 

   





Regimental Swedish Select his.





The only pure bred. podi greed on to This variety

is in a. clash y itself. The‘ boot yielder. the stile-‘3

straw. the freeot from rust of any oat 'today. I have

some ohoioeaeed. all on under cog. not a

drop of moisture ever touched these out! a r they

were out. EveriZLkernEel has vitalit

COLON C. Coopers





That Yield. Our Sensation 0th breaks

A I all records Nothing like it Also

Seed “Corn For ample. and catalogue



Theo.





B,nrtlSonI I‘olmle, Ohio.





811d 0111 and this For Sale“E“i." {2‘23" ”iii





Swedish Select. Golden Fleece and “Nationfiagntn.

he beat varieties Write for samples. rioes and

cTircular. A. BYWATER.Mempl1ia, ichinn





—Farmers h 5 vi :1 t“

stump. and stomt

bite-t should write for





n t .

caps and fuse. HERIDITH POWER 60.. chhmgmflins.





SEEII Mil—Swaddle Select. 53%“ “when





price. Sample free. HI.BBS melgrgfifgv





OAT SEED 1111 from seedselectedb the

yielded 100 bushels ”gigafoanfgu: $101333" 1:321:32?





$2 per bu... including sacks. E. M. Moore. Wixom. Mich.





wANTEDt POSITION as foreman of grain. stock or

dairy! arm. 42 mar- old. married. no children





Temperate References. E. L. BLACKIEI. ILNOJ Bay City.





FOR SALE—Odommcker Seed Berle y, re«

free 1111011011 wmiGeflleorda.rMhm ' “0

search. Booklet flee





FATE“ STEVENS a 00., Kohl».





1&4.

60 1 ESL, Washington; 348 Monaduock Blk. Chicago





your invention. I'm preliminary

B.





 





coaloil successfully: use. alcohol. gasoline and Ito-zine.





 

   

 

 





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, MARCH 4, 1911.





untary bankruptCy and the leaders repur-

chasing at low cost the equipment which

has been mostly purchased by the small

investors’ money. Many other ways pre—

sent themselves to defraud the unskilled

investor, even in land and real estate, and

the only safe way is to let these distant

investments entirely alone. If they were

safe the money could be gotten at home

These fakirs secure the names of those

who have invested or shown interest in

such schemes. Don’t be on the “sucker





FARM FINANCES.





Some of us may. say-at once, on notic=

ing this topic, that our money does not

bother us as we have so little of it, but

whether we have little or much, or have

less than nothing and have to borrow, we

should follow a businesslike way of solv—

ing the financial problems which present

themselves on the farm. .



Borr0wtng Money.



Suppose we are purchasing a farm and

have to go into debt for part of it. How list.”

are we going to borrow the money? Per- If we have money to invest why not

haps the most common way is for the sell- invest it in our own business where we

er to take a mortgage for part of the can look after it. If our business isn’t

amount, or if the seller does not Wish to profitable enough to invest in, it isn’t

do this it may be procured of some one profitable enough to engage in, and we

who loans money, or of a bank if the should look for a cause and cure. If we

amount loaned does not exceed one-half are so situated that we can not readily

of the value of the real estate and the t-xpand our own business just at present,

officials have reason to believe that we and have all the conveniences necessary

will meet the interest payments and in about the farm, and comforts in the

time pay off the mortgage. No one cares home, why not loan our surplus funds to

to foreclose a mortgage, or to take one our neighbor who is not so far along as

that it is probable will have to be fore- we, or if we do not wish them tied up so

closed. long, deposit them in a bank, and let the



When borrowing money in this way it bank carry his loan. Thus we will keep

is well to see that you have the privilege our money at home where we know it is

of making payments of, say $50 or any secure, and at the same time build up our

multiple of that amount whenever inter- home town and our neighbors' business.

est is due. This will place you in a posi- In loaning money to an individual we

tion to pay the mortgage as fast as you should be governed by his ability to pay,

have this money to pay with, and thus not by his necessity for the money. If

stop interest as fast as possible, XVith we wish to make him a donation, well and

this proviso it may make little difference good, but if we are making a loan from

whether interest is payable annually or a business standpoint we must be pro

semi-annually. It is also to the advantage tected by a reputation or security. The

of the borrower to have the mortgage

run for a long time if the above clause

is incorporated in it, as then there will

be no danger of sickness or misfortune

preventing the keeping up of payments. or in various places about the



WVhen only small payments can be made which we may deem fairly secure, but it

real estate is often sold on contract, the

seller in this case keeping the deed. If

possible the. buyer should pay enough to

get possession of the deed, as considerable

money has been lost by forefeiture of

contract by the failure of the buyer to

keep up payments.



It is a safe plan to mortgage just as

little of one’s property as possible, and

not take too many chances in buying ad-

ditional real estate and mortgaging both

this, and perhaps your homestead, to pay

for it. In this way property that was

once clear has been lost. A limited

amount of this policy may be followed by

some to their advantage, but one should

weigh well the possibilities before taking

this step



If the money can be, borrowed upon

one’s note this is preferable..as it entails

less expense in securing abstracts, re-

cording, etc. Sometimes the borrower

will be asked to have a friend lend his will be most convenient.

credit by signing with him. The friend

can then be held for the entire amount of

the note, but it is expected that you will

take care of it when due. In general this

is not a desirable way of doing. It is

asking too much of our friends, and

should be used as little as possible.



As a last resort, money may be bor-

rowed upon a chattel mortgage, that is,

upon a mortgage upon stock, tools, or

other equipment. As a rule. business men

do not like to loan in this way, and banks

will not do so. It is also a nuisance to

the owner to have his stock covered by

chattel mrtgage, and this should be done

only on extreme occasions.



Someone has said that the best way to

keep our credit good is not to use it too

much. This may be true, yet the man

who borrows occasitmally, knowing where

the money is coming from to meet the

obligation, and pays all obligatins the day

they are due, is building up a credit that

may be worth more than that of the man

who never borrows. There are. times when

all farmers can borrow with advantage

to themselves, even though they may have

money in the bank at the time, They

may be able by so doing to prevent the

forfeiture of interest that will be due them

if their money on deposit is left a little

longer, or they may be «'ablc to take ad- erative, road making. Some time ago prep-

vantage of discounts’by paying cash for arations were made for “dragging" a road,

equipment, or by buying when sales are extending from Davenport on the Mis-

slack. Every farmer should win the con- sissippi river, to Council Bluffs. on the

fidence of his local bank and be in posi- Missouri, in a single day. _It was a big,l

tion to borrow if by so doing he can take undertaking. but arranged as it was, it

advantage of a good business deal. became easy of execution. Thousands of



”“95th M°ney- farmers entered into the plan, and with



Farmers may not be quite as careless‘their teams and hands were ready, on the

about their investments as the city work- appointed day, to hitch horses to the split

man, nevertheless there are millions of log road drags, and haul them over the

dollars lost each year by foolish invest— roads, each one, of course, only a short

ments of farmers. Most of this money distance. Each team did its stunt, and

is invested away from home and generally when night fell, a well-shaped—up road

in stock of some company which may be extended from one end of the state to the

a fake pure and simple, or it may 'be a other. By having all done the same day

paying proposition for the leaders while over the entire distance, the road was

the small investor is made to lose his in- put in good condition at one time, instead

vestment by the company going into vol- of piece-meal.





the better.

Keeping Money.





security





in this way.





company.

is earning nothing for us or anyone else.

and this is not a good business

keeping it. “'e may also take a post

case we are paying the government to

keep our money, which is not good busi-

ness when banks are willing to pay us for

keeping it. The general adoption 02’ pos-

tal savings banks may change custom so

as to make the post offices quite a com-

mon depository among farmers,





ness-like method of keeping money is to

deposit it in a bank. either on a savings

book account, a certificate of deposit. or

a checking account. If the amount is

expected to be left for some time and to





the book at certain

two, three, or ft‘lur,

bank state. This interest will be added

to the principal if not withdrawn, giving

compound interest, without the atten-

tion of the depositor.



The certificate of deposit is a conven-

ient form of depositing money which is to

be left temporarily, and drawn out in a

bunch, or often in sending money a short

distance from home. The certificate may

be transferred from one to another by in~

dorscment, and really pass as money. If

left a certain length of time, usually six

months, it will draw interest.



Money that is to be uscd in one's bus-

iness and be turned over often in paying

bills,

and all

upon it.





times of the





bills paid by drawing a check

This gives a receipt for the bill





dorsement of the one who received the

money.





sending money.

Calhoun Co. S. B. HARTMAN.

M





l

t





It also saves making change, and ‘

paying exchange for drafts or orders in‘





Iowa has set a good example in co-op-‘





THE MICHIGAN FARMER. 5 <3)





 





 

 





I .





     





. ‘





simple, easily operated. economical and durable. They cost

more to make than less carefully constructed tools, yet cost the

farmer no more, and will give longer satisfactory service.

They do not only prepare the soil, but cultivate the crops. Built of

steel and malleable iron ; 22 sizes and styles. Equipped with tongue

truck if ordered. Save time and labor; increase crop: and profits.

JOHNSTON Orchard Disc Harrow has extension head. Orchardiotl





 

 





world over. and famed for their superior construction— I





 

 

 

 

 





 





prefer it to all others—soon pays for itself in in-





. creased crops. Made in four sizes.

JOHNSTON Side-Delivery Rakes, Spring and Spike Tooth Harrows,

owen, Tcdden, Hay Loaders, Disc and Orchard





- M

Farm MaChlnel‘Y Honours, and Land Rollers.

\ ALL JOHNSTON farm machines represent the most modern develop-

ment along practical lines—no "freakish" features. Made by an independent

company. Not in the Trust. Unequalled in performance.

Send postal to-day for free 1911 calalog, or advice what machine you

are interested in and we'll mail special booklet.





JOHNSTON HARVESTER CO., Box 105-0 BATAVIA. N.Y.





 





.1. t





Grain Binders, Reapers, Rakes, Manure Spreaders,





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





less We loan our own name to others as.





We may keep our money in our jeans...

house i





is not a safe practice to keep much money

Again, we may put it in our,

box in the vault of some bank or deposit:

It may be secure here, but it‘





way of ‘





office order payable to ourself, but in this?





At present the most common and busi-‘





be added to occasionally, the savings bonk;

Any amount can .

be withdrawn or added to at any time,‘

and interest will be paid on balances on,

year. ‘

as the rules of the





is best put in a checking account.‘





as all checks are returned to the drawer‘

at: the end of the month, bearing the en-‘





 





.. é..:Help Sweeten theWorld





It will pay if you raise big

yields of rich, pure beets.



Your beet fertilizer should

contain 10% available





OTAS





Mix it yourself and you’ll be sure that you

are getting a Well balanced beet food, free l

from filler. , I



Get our free booklet— full of valuable 3

information on Sugar Beet Culture.





You can get Potash direct from us or through your ‘ '

dealer. Get our prices, for Potash Pays.





 

 

 

 





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\ \





. .‘V \‘w a . y

\ \sé. \

\ . K ‘ ,. M ‘ ‘t





<_



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/ /Z’// a; GERMAN KALI WORKS, Inc.

7 /”~4/// » 1% BALTIMORE, Continental Building cameo, amnion Block





/ ~ I, 1-4; a; .

'v/ ('42? - new ORLEANS. Whitney Central Bank Bull





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





Better DiSking 4

” at. Half the Cost





We know that the new Imperial double disc, flexible frame, scalloped blade‘

Harrow will save you money and time, and give you a better seed bed than any'

other implement. We know this through recorded tests, and from the experience:

of thousands of farmers throughout the country. We want you to know it, too,

from an actual test of an Imperial, conducted by yourself on your own farm.





l Double Disc

Imperial F............... Harrows

time it takes the old style harrow to do it





Any Bucher & Gibbs dealer will be glad

to let you have an Imperial Harrow to make once. Pour horscs hitched to an Imperial

this test. Get one from your dealer, and will do twice as much work as three horses

while running it not: these facts : with an ordinary barrow.



The Imper-

ial H a r r o W

w o r k s the

ground twice

for its full

width ofcut

in the same





 





The specially designed, scalloped blade

cuts to greater (lcpth and more perfectly

pulverizcs the soil. The flexible frame

lightens the draft and leaves a. perfectly level

seed bctl.





Write for all the facts about the 1111 erial

double disc Harrow, and we will sent you

some printed matter that we know will be

of value to you. \Vritc to-(lay.





The BUCHER & GIBBS PLOW C0.

806 E. Seventh 81., Canton, Ohio





 





 





 





 





 

 





 

 





The implement for Beet-growers



Every beet—grower ought to have 21 Planet Jr Pivot—

whecl two—row Horse-Hoe and Beet Cultivator to lighten

labor, get better crops, and make more money.





It works two rows at once—16, 18 or 20 inches apart, and goes close to

plants, leaving the ground smooth and level. Extensions can also be

used to work 22, 24, 26, 28 inches apart.



Cultivating parts are of high-carbon steel, and the whole implement

is strong and well-built. Made by an actual farmer and experienced

manufacturer cxprcssly to cut down work and save time and

money. And the Planet jr does it every time. A full guarantee

covers every implement.



Write for illustrated 1911 Catalogue of Planet Jr Beet and Orchard Cultivators,

One and two-horse riding cultivators, Barrows, Seeders, Wheel-Hoes—oi differ





ent. tools for farm and garden use. Free and. post aid. -

Q 0

Philadelphia Pa





S L Allen 8: Co Box llO'Z-M





 

   

   

   

   

   

 

 





   





 

 

 





 

 





 





 





   





\ .
(4)

FARM ACCOUNTING.





244





A great deal has been said about

the farmer being away behind the rest. of

the world in the keeping of accounts. We

see a lot of advertising matter on the

subject and know that the country at

large is beginning to see the importance

of accurate accounting and cost systems.

Very few, not one in tWenty. business con-

cerns have a comprehensive system of

accounts, costs and reports, however, so

the farmer is not so very far behind after





all. No system of accounts is Worth much

that does not include reports made fre-

quently, showing operating costs and

profits.





Some lines of business require very in-

tricate accounts. This is not necessarily

so on a farm. Assuming that the reader

has no complete set of accounts and that

he has the ability to keep them. I will set

down briefly my idea of general farm ac-

counting. First get a moderate set of

books, including a ledger with size and

good paper, so that it will last a few

years. Have your local store get you a

book ruled like a many columncd journal.

and write in your own headings each

month. Value your property next and list

all of your debts. Your accounts would

start something like this:



Assets.





 





Farm property. 160 acres and im-



provements ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$16.000

Dairy herd. bull, $130; 37 cows,



$2.220 ............................ 2.370

Sheep, ‘00 ......................... 1.000

Hogs, ill ........................... 400

Bills receivable. mile from John



Junes, six urinths :it ii per cent.. 100

Farm lililt‘llillc'l‘y and tools, listed.. 300



Total ............................ $205570



Liabilities.



Mortgage on farm ................ $ 3.000

Bills payable, note a: bank. 6 mos.



at 6 per cent .................... 1,000

Surplus .. .......................... 14.370



Total $20370



Now you begin l‘) illiul'lfe and must

open profit and loss acrounta Those we

have listed above are all is.‘ r fl~.,‘:')'llli.S.

Assume that you grow rertaiii mums, such

as corn. oats, wheat and pram». We

have found your farm worth 31m“: an

acre. The interest charge px-r 3i““ - .ul'u'l

be six or seven dollars an acre a yr-ar.

This is really rental. If you grow ten

acres of corn your account, known as

“corn" on your ledger. woull have some—

thing like these entries:

Interest. (rental) ................... $60.00

Seed ................................ 5.00

Labor ............................... PM”

Team ............................... 200')

Total .............................. M7 on





The labor would be divided each month

and the proper proportion of mich

and farm hand charged to the vari-liw l«‘-





$871211





 





 





counts. You can subdivide further. )i’

course, and instead of "l'll)l)!"' sum: pliw-

ing. cultivating, etc



VVllen you bought a new city you would

Charge “Dairy il-ird” wil', it nzd credit

with any sale-s. Your dairi- 'l noun: would

be different. however, This is it profit and

loss account. the saml as “writ.” Your

charges would :ippeu:~ something as fol-

lows:

Feed .......................... $1.930

Labor ......................... 1.20!)

'l‘mim ....... I ................. 150

Supplies, (pails. on > ......... 5o,

Total ........................ $3.250



Sales.



Milk 3.000

(‘rt'alil ............................ 2,000

Total .................. - ............ $3.000



If you use skim-milk for hogs. charge

them with it and credit sales. Deprecia—

tion should he charged on :ill tools. build-

ings. etc., and annual inventories should

be taken. The following form of journal

may be fooled by columns once a month

illltl monthly results seen at a glance. A

couple of pages may be necessary each

month.



3:. iSEi-Ej E. E



‘ _: 3 , ‘ l :- _ 23;, :fi .

a 27. l éé l “is: “.2 9E

9 e as l a: 53 5—2

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¢





The footing of each column is posted

into the ledger each month or, in the case

of a special crop. the items may be left

in the open journal record until the crop

is harvested and perhaps sold. when the

total results can then be posted. All of

the profit and loss arcounts Should be

closed into “surplus" each year and in-





 





 





 





i





THB' MICHIGAN FARNIERt' i





ventories should be taken in all asset ac-

counts and depreciation or. appreciation

entered and added or deducted from sur-

plus. At the end of each year a state-

ment should be drawn off to show where

you made your money———or lost it. Be

sure and charge in your own time at what

it is worth, properly distributed. > Have a

team account and credit with the use of

horses at a proper amount per day, charg-

ing to the various accounts. Include

enough for the horse himself, so that, in

case of loss or death you will have an ac-

count to cover the loss. You will charge

him with his care and .feed.



Note the column for “voucher number"

in the journal. Fold all bills, memoranda,





(-tc.. showing details of each transaction

and number them, including a carbon

copy of itemized bank deposits. These





are the detail of your record. The exact

form of accounts suited to your needs can

only be determined by you. You can Start

on a simple plan and later enlarge it as

you become curious to know the actual

cash results of certain crops. flocks or

herds. Accounts kept along these lines

will show conclusively what crops you can

best grow, what flocks you can best at-

ford to keep. There is no other way to

be sure. Guesses don't go in business.

and I take it yours is a business.



The American farmer has advanced

steadily during the past ten years. A

very large number now test their milk

for butter-fat and discard the poor cows.

They test for tuberculosis and isolate or

kill the affected animals. They treat their

acid soils with lime to sweeten them. They

apply properly balanced fertilizers. They

select their seed. They do many things

that will count for much in the next ten

years. Dairy cows will be better and

healthier and these will be greatly in~

creased yields per acre. Now the Amer—

ican farmer is on the right track and he

will steadily improve. But to reach his





 





ultimate goal he must go one step fur—

ther—he must have an accounting sys-

tem.





Ontmiagon (‘0.





 





T. A. GREEN. i





SMALL POTATOES FOR SEED.





 





 





I see through the columns





of your paper"

that Bro. A. L. Dunlap. of





Ogemaw Co., ,





is giving Mr. Lillie a dig in regard to hisi ‘





little potatoes for seed.



I notice by Mr. Dunlnp‘s item that he

took quite good deal of extra pains with

his field of potatoes, which was not large

to begin with. and, of course, he could be

a little more particular with it than can

those who are planting a large acreage.





He states that he used from 60 to 80

bushels of large seed per acre, which

might be possible any year, but I think





not practical for, as Mr. D. says himself,

it would be an excess of seed. and again,

it would be very expensive when pota-

toes are 50 to 75 cents, and sometimes $1

per bushel. as small ones are not. as a

common thing, more than 25 cents per

bushel. Now, Mr. D.‘s basketful of big

ones which average two pounds apiece do

very well as a sight, but with with us

people here in Montcalm county. they are

not much better than so many small ones

as a commercial potato, for when we take

them to market the buyer culls them out

and sends them home by us. which has a

tendency to make our hats fit a great

deal looser than when we started to mar-

ket with them.“ I notice that Mr. D. runs

off his track of argument by saying that

Mr. Lillie had better feed his small pota-





 





 





toes to his pedigree pigs. for I notice, as

:i general thing, that the man that raises;

pedigree stock and does it right, is tilef

one that takes the lead. i





asked me the reason I planted small po-;





mtoes for seed. One reason is. that we. /’





can’t make potato raising profitable as-

a general thing. by using large seed when

we plant from five to 40 ii’Tf‘S and some-

times more. was they do here in Montcalm





cl-nxnty. and as I have said befunr it has‘,

a tendency to grow large HVurgrovvn po-'

tatoes. if we get our him} in the, right

state of cultivation and plant the right

distance apart we will get a more even

quality of tubers. The richer the land

the closer they can be planted, You will





find enough good 63"!“ potatoes the

size of hen's eggs to make a good stand

of top and a sufficient amount of strength

to produce a good top.



I might say right here that at our

county institute and mid-winter fair, held

at McBride‘s, Feb. 8-9, I got the special

premium over all others for the best peek

of potatoes of any kind, which don't speak

very badly for potatoes grown from small

seed. and I could have furnished more





UH





Some men that I have talked with have, I.





/





 

 





3,7", /





l

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i





1 i ’

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_MARC13I} 4'.





 





, . \





The one Spread _

That Stands the Strain





You want a strong spreader—one that can stand the strain. There is only one in



that class. It’s the Great Western. Over 100,000 progressive farmers. and most

U. S. Government and State Expenment Station: have proved it. See the Great



Western alongside of the next best spreader. Then you will know why we can



arantee every Great Western to stand 50 per cent more strain and require

per cent less repairs than any other spreader in the world.



The reason is high aualzty. We build Spreaders as they should be built. When

you know how much more oak, hickory, malleable,~ steel and wrought iron is in

the Great Western Spreader than in any other. You’ll understand why the Great



Western is the only spreader strong enough to stand the strain. When you know

what other Spreaders are made of it won’t be hard for you to understand why they

are not strong enough to stand up under the heavy loads and hard work. The





Great Western We"





Apron





Spreader has an endless apron that runs on 3 sets of extra large rollers—

drawn equally from both sides. so there’s no friction—no binding. no matter





 

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   





 

 





   

   

   

   

   

 

 





 





   

   

   

 





how uneveul you load it. The Great Western Spreader has a big, 16-inch. ' No

Ito-pound. un reakable. Malleable fifth wheel. You can't pull out the front m‘"er

end no matter how heavy the load or how many horses you put on. The .

big malleable fifth wheel is attached to two. big, solid oak bolsters. by what

malleable braces. The Great Western front trucks are set two feet size or

under the load—so the load is carried equally on the four wheels. style of

Great Western pole is made of solid oak—not ine or inferior woods.

Our biz Free Book tells about all the Great estern advantages. spreader’

It proves how much better it is to pay a few more dollars at you want.

the start for a Great Western Spreader than to be paying the woodcl or

toll of constant trouble. dela and repairs that any at er .

spreader ls sure to mean. on't buy any spreader till “ed WWII.

val-and the startling spreader facts 1i‘uf puerook. 85 to 1'.

:1 us your name now an as or tee u... ”“3“,

Spreader Catalog No. 8231 Address __ ,3.- ‘nt .

sun: MFG. con/[rm ”“1 yon!- \

158 n. Harrison 8:. “u "”‘ y m.





 

 

 

   





Great Western





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Chicago





 





 





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ISBELL’S NB! JOII





illl‘

VERY Pnonuc'nvn HEAVY GRAIN

tram HULL snrr s'rnaw





Johnson Oats originated here in Michigan and we have many

testimonials attesting to their value. The heads are large and.

branching and loaded with big, plump, thin-hulled and bright grain.



Its roots run deep into the 8011, thus supplying the plant with

moisture and food even in a dry season. It stools out and a single

plant produces a number of large heads. It is plumpand heavy,

often weighing 36 to 40 lbs. to the bushel. The straw is very stiff

and of medium height, holding u its large, well filled heads on the

richest ground when other varieties lie flat. “The Johnson" are not

side Oats. The money you invest in the. Johnson Oats for seed will

yield a profit of 100 to 200 per cent in the mcreasedqyield you will

get over the common kind you have been planting. he extra cost.

of the sped of the Johnson'over common Oats 18 so light that no one can

afford to plant the common varieties. A change of seed once '





l ,. .l

. '4’ ~

I





 





illo-





HOLES.





, I f‘\





   





m 2 or 3

years is absolutely essential to .growmg‘ good crops and when a change is

made get the best variety possxble. The Johnson Will fill the bill every

time. Prices by mail, postpaid: Pkt., 4c; qt., 180; 3 qts., 45c. Not pro.

aid: Qt, 10c; 1/2 pk" 18c; pk.. 30c; bu... 81.00; in'lota of 21/, to 10 11113., u;

50; 10 bus. or more, at 92¢ per bu., bags free. Freight to be paid by customer.





Elegant 104 ptge Seed Annual FREE.





M. ISBELL 00. 5533325" JAGKSDH. mall.





One Man Can Mali. 300 to 600 Perfect Tile a Day





W FIIIEIIS’ GEIEIT TILE IIGIIIIE





OUR.





It I end of $3 to :5 per I000. The only farm tile machine that does not

aim hand tamping ' the col; farmere’ machine operated b 91th.

lune ma. es 3, 4 5





to



or ml or ower. Mac sand Binch tile 12 nches



:33. tall! gunning zxnfgrfitntexmé dunno holds tno’ in” 61-foot

a so . a or



.. m... .. m... o nus flee film.



with entire satisfaction, return at our e no. 9 price 0 the ma—



chine will be lived in makin your first tile. Can You “in! to lo





Without It? Write today tori unrated catalogue.





“amateurish new 6°»





 





than the pack of the same kind.

,. Montcalm Co. E. M. Woooum.





 





 





 





_,11.,._1.T.;.<





 





l—-—~ —. .-—...... x; ..___,____





l





.1.
. .v. .p—‘A x...‘





 





 





   





 





MARCH 4. 1911.





SELECTED sEED THE BEST

REMEDY.





 





I have noticed that a goodly percentage

of your contributors have about agreed

that hen’s egg size potatoes are about the

best for seed. As Mr. Woodman has said,

a little potato from a good hill is better

than a big potato from a poor hill,



Now, my opinion is that Mr. VVoodman’s

idea. is all right for the man whose little

potatoes all come from good hills. But

my experience has been that the man

who is in need of advise about improving

his yield of potatoes has a class of pota

toes which have a large number of hills

of all small potatoes, quite a number of

hills having two or three good-sized pota-

toes, and a. very few hills that could be

called good. Such a man is one who is

growing from 75 to 100 bushels per acre

on land that produces good crops other-

wise. Such men are plentiful, and they

need to get after some way of improving

their seed. My idea is that they have got

to get right into their potato field at dig-





ding time with forks and select the good?





hills for seed, year after year, until they

have a class of potatoes in which the

hills are all good, or else buy their seed

of such a man.



I would like to say further, that if Mr.

Taylor saw no improvement in his crop

from the use of seed selected from the

best hills, he has failed to note a fact

that a good many farmers who have tried

it have noticed.



The kind of soil has a great deal to do

'With the yield of potatoes.



Montcalm Co. ROY ROSSMAN.





 





CHICORY GROWING lN MICHIGAN.





 





One of the cash crops grown in Michigan

to a greater extent than elsewhere in the

United States, is chicory. This root is

used as a coffee substitute, and appears

as a complete substitute. also as an ex-

tract. In the cheaper grades of boarding

houses and camps for construction pur—

poses it is said to be mixed with cheap

grades of coffee which are lacking in that

somewhat mysterious element known as

“strength.” The old taper-rooted plant

has been changed by selection to a root

somewhat resembling a medium to under-

sized sugar bect. From 11/2 to 2 lbs. of

seed is sown to the acre in 24-inch rows,

with the ordinary garden drill, and sown

very“ shallow. The young plants ‘are

blocked out to five or six inches apart.

On sandy soil chicory will make a good

.erop where sugar beets would prove a.

failure. Also on muck lands good results

have been achieved with this crop, al-

though muck land is of so variable a

character that considerable uncertainty

attaches to this kind of soil. Cultivation

and harvesting the crop is much the same

as With sugar beets. Owing to the smaller

size of the root, the actual handling of

the greater number of roots makes the

work somewhat greater. Formerly the

price paid was less, but the chicory man—

ufacturers secured an increased tariff on

the manufactured product and did the

almost unheard of act of advancing the

price of the raw material to the grower.

When the roots are delivered at the fac—

tory they are washed and sliced and then

dried or, more correctly speaking. dehy-

drated, then packed in burlap sacks and

sent to another plant for the completion

of the process which, in the main, is

much like coffee roasting and grinding.

If anyone is really curious and has the

taste for experimenting he can purchase

two small packages of chicory for a nick—

el and it will furnish considerable

amusement to dilate on the evils of coffee

drinking and the benefits of this substi-

tute. During the civil War period, when

coffee was very high and the high cost of

living was a burden of‘real weight, many

experiments were made with cereal cof—

fees. Some of the people of German ex-

traction grew and roasted the chicory

root and used it alone or mixed with grain

coffees. When prices became normal cof-

fee regained its ascendency. There are

committed many crimes against the stem-

ach’s welfare in the name of coffee, when

a muddy, bitter mixture is served up at

cheap restaurants in thick, heavy cups,

more suitable for weapons than containers

Light coffee berries, immature and dead

grains are graded as such, but when

roasted make a passable appearance and

make up the cheapest grades of coffee.

The genuine flavor of coffee so delightful

to the trained palate is partially lost or

obscured by the two lumps of sugar placed

in the cup. Michigan is now the greatest

sugar producing state, and also the great-

est producer of near coffee or chicory.



Shiawassee Co, Jae. N. McBRIDm.





 





   





(6) 245





v . . W tr ‘ *‘Y

/ ,« . / .

r :' I” In"-





I01”





 

 





if

-





THE: MICHIGAN FARMER,





' 1 ' ,. / 7.-.; H ' .3 4.....-

”fl/12 / //

I ‘





 

   





/* ,





   





(5





 

   

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





J For economy sake never have another shingle roof. Prepared roofing is no

1.?! longer an experiment. Thousands upon thousands of property owners have

proven beyond a shadow of a doubt that a good, first-class prepared roofing not



only costs less than shingles, but will wear longer. .

Buy your roofing under Montgomery Ward’s “ no mid-

Water Proof dlemen” plan and the saving is at the very least one-halt—

A, id P I often two-thirds. Atlas Long Fibre Felt Roofing. is today in

C 1‘00 use on a host of homes, barns, farm buildings, busmess blocks

A i 1' Tia II t and warehouses. It. has withstood equally well the test of

"’ city smoke and gases and the open country’s driving storms. It

is not affected by the hottest or the coldest weather extremes. It will neither run at the equator

/ nor crack at the arctics. It is absolutely waterproof. It is proof against acids and heavy gases.

Atlas Prepared Roofing is made from selected long fibre wool felt, thoroughly saturated with

m, non-volatile compounds, and coated on both sides with a patent composition which makes it. closely

resemble “rubber.” So close, indeed, is this resemblance that it is commonly called “rubber”

? roofing. Contains absolutely no tar or other volatile matter. therefore it. cannot dry out or crack. Con-

l tains nothing in its composition that will evaporate, therefore it will never become brittle or hard. It Is



suitable to use on flat or steep roofs.

LAY IT OVER YOUR OLD ROOF



Atlas Roofing can be laid directly over the old shingles. time. It is a slow, tedious job if the covering is to be water-

This means a saving in both time and labor. If you were proof. Any man can lay “Atlas” rooting. l\0 skill is re-

to re-shingle the roof, it. would be necessary for you to tear quired. Full and complete. instructions accompany each

off all the old wood. Furthermore, to shingle a roof rc< roll. These can be mastered in two minutes’ time. “Atlas”

quires a. considerable amount of skill and aggreat deal of can be laid in a. third the time required to shingle a. roof.

Send for Special Roofing Book





No special tools are re-





 





 





 





 





o -° - . - ' r _

N 0 S e c l a 1 (11111 UL A n. Oldllla y We have issued a speeml book on roofingma-

hammer, a. pear Of Shears feriulsfzmd suppldies. fIt describes oufr complete

. . ' ' inc 0‘ prepare roo ings, our roo coatings,

T 18- 01 Lnlfc and 3. pair Of building papers, shcct inctnl, corrugated and

0 0 hands. When the Atlas other roofing materials. Also roof trimmings,

' ~ - - , . - Illi‘till ceilings and sidings. envo troughs. (-tc.

Rooting is laid, the u oi k





Every article listed is 11 big value.





is done. It is not. necessary to give it any extra coating

except at the laps. Each roll contains a suffiment sup-

ply of large head, galvanized roofing nails to lay it. Also





there is a supply of liquid cement for cementing the laps.





Each roll of Atlas

Rooting contains 1 ()8

square feet. This makes

a liberal allowance for

, all laps. The not; sur—

face covercd when laid will be 100 Square feet.‘ The

rooting is 32 inches wide and is made in three \VClglitS.

The quality of all three is identically the same, the

only difference being in thickness and weight.





 





 





 





 





 





One Roll Covers

100 Square Feet





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





It”;lipanvunnulrnlnnIIgIIu/auuurta’unumw ,





 





 





To all points south to

Virginia, Tennessee and

Arkansas and west as

far as Kansas, Nebraska

and the Dakotas—$1.27

per roll for the Standard

Atlas, $1.58 per roll for

Heavy Atlas, $1.94 for

Extra Heavy Atlas; to points in Oklahoma, Texas and

Louisiana—351.45 per roll for Standard Atlas, $1.85 for

Heavy Atlas, $2.20 for Extra Heavy Atlas; to all other k . Hi _ l ‘ . . l . . ‘

points in the United States—$1.61 for Standard Atlas, migh‘fil‘l‘gimfgurg‘g‘;avgéfiayr‘tkgg‘p‘yngf figs Egg





‘) - u 9 ' 1 ‘ 1' ' , ‘ _ book. It will show you countless ways in which

$2.0~ f01 Heavy Atlas, $-43 for 1* xtra Heavy Atlas you can sum fromh’ to 1/5 on your building 8}“)-





These are absolutely the greatest roofing values Silii‘aué‘L‘Séri’fétfig‘fiihi3;?“ make this saving

ever offered. You cannot get a better prepared roof— Even though you are not: going to build imme-

ing no matter what price you pay If you want. gmtelygtlem}: lfiec‘lhre ahgopyofdthis bgolgthat.



, ‘ . ' 011 may anel_ inn-yw . nyou 01168. I .

samples, we Will gladly send them free. Send your Atplostlgarldlwillfiring 911mg tilie roonéigfioqit;

order or request for samples to our nearest address. 0‘ 0 “1 m" “9““ 8‘“ °3“e’ 0‘ ' 1





Our Prices on





ATLAS





Freight Paid to Your

Station





 





Montgomery Ward 5' Co.

Chicago Avenue Bridge. Ohicflflr’

19th and Campbell Ste..h’unsas City





//// /Ill/Illlllllllllllll/ll/





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





7 If You are Planning Io Build,

Get This Book at Once

VVG also publish a complete catalogue of

Building Materials and supplies. lit-fore you





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Montgomery Ward & Co.





CHICAGO AND KANSAS CITY





Chicago Avenue Bridge 19th and Campbell Sis.

Chicago :42 Kansas City





ii’Applsheltage Spreader





The frame is the foundation ofamanure spreader—i: must stay Square and

level or the. machinery parts Will soon stop working right. Our irame

is made of solid oak—every piece is carefully select-





ed, every piece well seasoned. It is braced and

trussed by steel rodsso that. it. is always square and

always level,nll the time and under all condi-

tions. There is no other wood as good as



oak.for this purposeand there is ab-

solutely no other frame equal



to the Appleton. See the

picture—t h a t. will

convi n c e any

practical





 





 

 





 





Eight Styles

To Choose From





._.-__ ,,





   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





The Frame That’s Always

on the Square.





Here’s a combination of the

toughest. wood, the strongest}

metal and common sense.





 

 





 





Mode with

RETURN 0R ENDLESS

APRON





 

   

 

 

 





   

 

   





Appleton





 

 

 





 

 





A BOY Spreader is easy to load , , two-as:—

CAN easy to haul;spreads thinly or thickly and :23'lfl _





 





     

 





 





RUN always evenly, from start to finish; has positive forcefeed;

"- pulverizeo thoroughly; doesn’t bunch;has achangeable feed,oper—

. ated Without stopping the team; automatically balances the load; is so

simple of construction and so easily operated that any boy,who can drive a team,can

gun “' Send for FREE Catalog.

0 confident are we that our machine will stand on its merits. that we routes 611 t

Manure Spreader to be.and to do.all that we claim for it inour spreader 808 3,;cff‘fle on

book. This book of facts is free to you. Send for it today. Minnupolia “Minn.





APPLETON MFG. CO. 220 Fargo 5L, Batavia, lll. “m C“!





M o ,

*7 ‘_ Council 3qu5. fa.





   

 





 

 

   

 





 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 





The all oak frame.

Steel braced and Steel

trussed.
Gillan-3:1 Safest. 31-11111

P O W B R





for barn _,work house work, mill work. dairy work. well

work. spraying. ssw1n¢,1rrigst10n,electric hghte pum ing

Anon idling woos-I lore t2&1!" gallon for gallon un-

dred ieu partl. Patent thrott efiive: three engines tor the

price of one. Catalog free—tel how.

Double dniyo tank revolutionizes cooling

system: one food lubricator—per- '

feet oiling.A11tomoblle mutfler. ,

Ball hearing gov.ernor Stem in.

etantly. No pro-heating. No

crank. Experience unnee-

essery. Women can oper-

tote. Vibration elimina-

Quality high—price

low. Comes complete.

Always hungry for

work—and thrivuon it.





FREE TRIAL

'go obligation till satie-

ed. IO- gum

"Enginnavte" free



writefor It "I.





Ellie Engine Co.,

._40 Mullen 31.. omen. m.





   

   

 

 

   





 





 





 





 





The Most Economical

Engine Ever Built





PEOPLE everywhere are rejoicing that at last

they can have an engine that runs on coal oil

faultlessly. All this is the result of aaoline

going up because of the big automobile emsnd.



Kerosene costs 6 to 16c less per gallon than gasoline—

and gasoline keeps on going up h her and higher.

This on inc runs on lees than halft- 0 coat ofn gaso-

line on glue right now. Also runs on any engine fuel.





Pei-faction Kerosene IEngine

I5 Days‘ Free Trial

You can have this remarkable 1;:

money-saving engine to: 15 days' “

free trial. Go to yo .1' local denier,

ask him to show you the ' Perfec-

tion" Ind have it sent voyeur farm

Try it thoroughly fir l‘ lays. if .

at the end of that 1.111: a you 11 e no: 3 4

entirely satisfied, return the .

engine to your dealer and

every dollar you haw pmd _- .

for it will be refunded

cheerfun

All!) I! N’T MISS our

free Engine Book. Get

y from your desi-

n the event that

your dealer does not

csrrythe"Pertection, '

write to us.





Caille Perfection





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 





Motor Company. 210 Second Av . IetrOIi. Mich. .





 





Price Sin and lip





Earn 810 a day and more. easily.

sawing firewood. lumber. lath. posts.

etc.. for yourself and neighbors with a





Hertzler 8- look

Portable Wood Saw





Fully Guaranteed for One Year

The Hertzler a. 2311* it: ifhetcheapest and has:

on can bu . rec ac ory pr1ces- ines

saw y ytested materials. Easier than

other saws to operate because

1: stick sits low and the

saw draws it on as soon

as yOu start work It is

only saw made, sell-

in at :10. to which a ripping

ts la canbe added. Write for

circular and save money.

BERTZLBR 111 200K 00. Box ‘23.

Bellevllle. Pa.





Fernald





ab A trace holder that holds-

holds fast — never lets g1:



until you on so. Then 11



DIL racle releases the in; at a touch

Willnotclongeeze. rust or



can 11 the l11>1sc’stail;holds



n01 erend both the inn 0 and the 10086

d. No accidents 11' your



biiggyl is 11.8%“ij with the

Ferns 51 at carriage.

harness and hardware deal-

ers,or from us for be. more.

Fernald Mfg. Co.. Inc.





North East. Pa.

Makers of Fernald Quick

Shifts. P‘ernald Dash Rein

Holders .11 b‘pitzli Couplers.





 





 





 





 





 

 





 





_ ’ At all dealers

" s C or sent poaipaid





'Write for

Always same pressure whether Circular

manor boy harnesses up. One

hand 011 lever tightens luunes

instantly. No wear on collzir. Lasts longei

than harness. Strong. No horse can break it.

Only 25c. Your money back if you are not sati3<

fled. Look for' Kling“ stamped on lever. If

)our deiler c1111 ‘tsupply you send his name and

25c for fastener postpnid and guaranteed.





The National Safety Snap Co. (Inc.)

Dept. 38 Wilmlndton. Ohio





Harness? ai Wholesale Prices!





lllrecl lrom our shops to you.

FREIGHT PAID.

We Can Save You Mom.

write to-dsy for 1 so” of our

HARNESS BARGAIN Catalog





lBE’S llilliEIi lilllIESS 80.. Bill) liOlllGill





 





 





. available form.





FARM NOTES.





Lime Vs. Floats.





I have no way of knowing whether my

land would be benefited by lime. except

by experimenting. therefore would like

to know about floats. What should the

analysis be? I presume there are differ-

ent grades. When and how should it be

applied and how much per acre? My plan

is to apply in strips on a field of clover

sod to be planted to corn and on a field

now in wheat. Are there wastes at a.

cement factory that it would pay to apply





to our land? Our soil is a. sand and

gravel

Branch Co. C. E.

Floats is a term applied to ground





phosphate rock. which is an entirely dif-

ferent substance from ground limestone

which is applied to correct soil acidity

and to replenish the soil in its available

content of this plant food where needed

for the successful growing of alfalfa, or

for the benefit of some other crops that

seem to be helped by an application of

lime. Floats is used in agricultural prac-

tice only as a stable absorbent to be ap-

plied to the land with stable manure or

to be mixed with the manure as it is

spread on the land. The phOSphoric acid

which it contains, and for which it is val-

uable. is gradually liberated through the

chemical action which ensues after mix-

ing it with the manure and this mineral

plant food becomes gradually available





is present in the ground rock in an un-

This ground phosphate

rock, or ffoats. has been found valuable

for the purpose noted at a. number of ex-

periment stations, but in cases where it

has been compared with acid phosphate

for the same purpose, the latter, although

more expensive as to first cost, has been

found to give more profitable results for

use as a stable absorbent and for applica-

tion to the soil in connection with stable

manure. Acid phosphate is simply floats

or ground phosphate rock which has been

treated with sulphuric acid, by which

means the larger proportion of the phos-

phorus which it contains is made soluble

'and available for the use of growing

plants when combined with the soil wat-

er. Added phosphorus will be found ben-

eficial to practically all soils, especially

our older soils, and the use of acid phos-





 





phate or even floats as a stable absorbent

and for mixing with stable manure when

applied to the land will prove both bene-

ficial and profitable. The acid phosphate

‘has an additional value when combined

with stable manure in this way, aside

from the available plant food which it

supplies, in that the nitrogen present in

the manure in the form of volatile am-

monia gas is fixed in a more stable form

by the free sulphuric acid which is pres—

ent in the acid phosphate, thus prevent-

ing the escape of much of this valuable

plant food which would otherwise be lost.





011 the other hand, ground limestone is

valuable for application to soils that have

become acid or that have become defi-

cient in lime. and the need of this sub-

stance can best be told by experimenting

as suggested in this inquiry. An acid

condition of the soil can be detected by

placing blue litmus paper in contact with

moist earth for sufficient time to permit

the acid, if present. to act. when the pa—

per will have a reddish appearance. But

the best method of determining whethei

lime is needed is to try it out. Ground

limestone. in which the lime or calcium

is present in the form of a carbonate. is

now generally advocated in preference to

the more active forms of lime, but in case

this can not be secured for an experiment

any form of lime applied in lesser quan-

tities will serve for tlie purpose of an ex-

periment. In case the ground limestone

is used it should be applied at the rate of





 





 





quicklime or hydrated lime is used, from

one-half to one ton per acre will be suffi-

cient.



The chemical analysis of either mate-





are valuable for the phosphorus which they

contain, and the purchase price should be

commensurate with the content of this

mineral plant food. The limestone used

should be as high in its content of cal-

cium as possible. Limestones very great-

ly in this respect, some stones having a

much larger percentage of magnesia and

other compounds than others. Where

ground limestone is to be applied it is

important to get a high calcium stone. It

is this element which we want, and the

less of it to be found in the product the

greater will be its initial cost and the

cost of its transportation. There is an

abundance of magnesia present in most

soils and thus no occasion for applying

more of it.





 





for the use of growing crops, although it1





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





 





 





from one to four tons per acre, while, if





rial will be found to vary considerably.

Floats or acid phosphate, as above noted. ‘





i





 





 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 





 





 





 





_ Minnesota.





7111'e building woe roofed with

NEPnNBET Paroid by the farm

hand: themselves.





No Saving in First Coat Can Pay :1 Fractional Part

of the Cost of the First Leak





When it comes to roofing you need the éest~the

kind that has proved it will not leak. Proved itvin all

climates, through many years of service to thousands

of farmers and manufacturers throughout the country,

to the U. S. Government and the leading railroads.





NEPDNSET





PAROID ROOFING





For Barns, Stables, Poultry- Houses and

Other Farm Buildings





NEPONSET Paroid Roofing is becoming each year more and more

recognized as the most thoroughly satisfactory roofing and siding.

. More lasting than shingles; easier to lay and a safeguard against fire.

For the residence NEPaNsET Proslate Roofing gives a handsome

effect and saves you from repair bills and all roofing troubles.





Write for the Bird N EPD N SET Book





which gives full information concerning the different NEPDNBET

Roofings for different types of buildings. Also describes

NEPUNBET Waterproof Building Papers which keep out cold and

dampness from your house and reduce the fuel bill.



There are NEPONBET Roofing Dealer: everywhere. If 31m do not know





(/1, out In jaur localzty write u: and 711: 1rd! 16/! you M c 1211/! also

ell you the éuzldmgs nearby where NEPDNSET Roofing: have been used.





F. w. BIRD & SON, 187 Neponset Street, East Walpole, Mam, U. S. A.

MW 179.7. Originator: of Camp/m Road; Map 11.-.! Wammf Building Pm.

New York Wubln‘ton Chioogg Portland, Ore. San Francisco Hamilton, Ont. Winnipeg Montreal 51.. Johnl





Save You $25. 00





   





 





i3: Galloway

to $40. 00 on a Manure Spreader





If you 'll send a postal for my Special 1911 Spreader Otter. I believe

we can make a deal. If we do. you 'llsave atleast $25. 00. perhaps 340. 00. .

according to size and style you want. And you get a free trial and a

guarantee that would break me if my Spreader wasn 't rig/at. I know I

have to go [1; 0/2 on qualzty and low on price because I sell by mail. The

.. other fellow is right on the ground to persuade you personally. My qualzty

and price has to do all my persuadmg Let me 11 y it. Our capacny is 42. 000

spicaders this year in order MODS, $39.50 Up. FPO, m

to quote the low prices .1 W p d

I do—30 to 365 days free ' ’ ’

trial and my long

time binding guar-

antee in writing.

$25.00 to $40.00 saved—think of it!

That's fair. isn't it? If you can

think of a fairer proposition than 1’1.

make you, I‘ll print it in my next.

advertisement.



Get your pencil or pen right now, and send

me apostal for my bi Spreader Book. showin-

5 styles and sizes. rom $39.50 up. I’ll send the





 

 

 

 

 

 

     

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

   

 

 

 





 





 





 





 

   

   





 

   

 

 





book free and a proposition that will make you do 80nd



some tail thinking whether you buy from me or not. Address Postal

WM. GALLOWAV. Prom. THE WM. GALLOWAY 00..



649 Galloway sun. Waterloo. Iowa. 0" M





 





 





We will give free one of





Moore’s Patent 2.1.5.321... Plow Points





, .j to the farmer who has never used one of them. and

" will cut this out. take it. to his implement dealer. and

ask him to order from our factory Moore‘s Patent Salt-Sharpening Plow Point. to fit

his plow. Say to the dealer. ”the point. is to be free." Have him enclose this ofier. and if



your plow is of standard make. you will receive. through your dealer. Free. a Moore's Patent

II-Sharpanlng Plow Polnt that is guaranteed to wear twice as long as a common plow point



If your dealer does not handle this point or care to order it write us and “e wiilgieve you the name



of the nearest dealer that carries them. Our object in givin you one of these points on is to have your.

recommend and dalso to prove what we V6 is true. Do not? do 11y. but. take advantage] of this FREE olior.

before your spring work commences. . 111 so repel rs to all standard plows.‘





Hm LOWS

Made only by ”00.5 PLOW l laIPLIIE‘NT COMPANY. Gmnvlllo. Ila





 





 





 





 





 





“h.
.MARCH 4, 1911.





 





VVVYYYYYVYYVYVVYYYYVY





l LIVE STOCK g,





AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAALVA VLAA‘A".





RAISING EARLY LAMBS.





 





 





In order to be, or become, a successful

breeder of any class of livestock, one

should be an optimist, from the nature of

the case. The hope for a generous in-

crease and success in raising stock should

always be strong in order to spur one on

to make the necessary preparation for the

arrival of the young animals, and give

them the proper care at the critical time.

At no other time of the year is the thrill

of expectation keener or the rays of hope

brighter, than when the time approaches

for the arrival of the little lambs in the

spring of the year. The flock may be

well cared for during the winter, given

exercise, and generously fed, but if, at

lambing time there is a lack of apprecia-

tion of the importance of being ever pres-

ent to give prompt attention at the op-

portune time, failure in a greater or less

degree will be the result. The flock—

master should be ready to give assistance

at any time, either day or at night.



Preparing for the Lambs.



At the time when the lambs are ‘ex-

pected the flock should be so managed

that the lambs will not be dropped on the

cold ground or where there is a draught

of cold air, as it is while the lamb is still

wet that he is sensitive and liable to be-

come chilled and fail to get a start with-

out the aid of the flockmaster. Vlhen

once dry, and the stomach] filled witlh warm

milk, the lamb will endure a good deal of

cold. .



Some inexperienced flockmasters clean

out the manure that has accumulated in

the shed before they expect the lambs.

Such is a bad practice, as the manure is

heating slightly, and makes a warm bed

for the lambs to lie on. When the ma—

nure is removed they come too close to

the cold ground below. and-many lambs

under such condition start well and after—

wards mope and die.



As a matter of convenience it is an

excellent plan to prepare some small pens

Where the sheep and her lamb, or lambs,

can be put by themselves while the lambs

are still weak and are liable to be. run

over by the other ewes in the flock.

Sometimes the ewe, in case of twins, is

not inclined to own but one of the lambs,

and by the use of the small pen one can

help the forsaken one to the ewe. and she

will soon become attached to it. Oc—

casionally a young ewe does not own her

lamb, but by the use of the small pen she

can be confined with the lamb and away

from the flock, the lamb helped to suck,

and she will soon become attached to it.





Feeding the Ewes and Lambs.



It is a common saying that “there are

tricks in all trades,” and the sheep breed-

ing and raising business is not an excep-

tion. If the ewes have been well fed, and

have had a fair allowance of grain from

mid—Winter to lambing time, they are

quite likely to have plenty of milk for the

lambs as soon as they arrive. If the milk

is not forthcoming something must be

done for both ewe and lamb. The lamb

should be given some warm milk from a

recently freshencd cow, and the ewe must

be treated to stimulate the milk flow. I

have found that a few sliced raw pota-

toes, covered with fine wheat middlings

fed three times per day is an excellent

feed for the purpose, and work well. The

potatoes work better than turnips for that

“purpose. The real physiological reason I

can not give, but the fact remains, and it

is worth remembering. If one has very

valuable sheep and there is a lack of

proper action in the system, and the milk

is held back too long, one can keep liquid

pilocarpine, which can be procured at the

drug store, and by giving the ewe from

ten to fifteen drops, in water, three times

per day for a day or two, they can stim-

ulate the milk flow, and enable the ewe to

raise a valuable lamb, when, if not start—

ed, she might be a failure.



In addition to the grain that the ewes

are fed, more satisfactory results can be

obtained if some roots are given once per

day. The roots should not take the place

of the grain, nor should they be fed in

large quantities. From four to six pounds

of roots per ewe each day is about all the

ordinary sheep will need. Begin with a

small quantity at first, and gradually in-

crease to the amount that will be required

to produce a good flow of milk.



As the ewes and lambs are taken out

of the small pens to give room for others

that are coming along, they can be put

by themselves and given the best of hay

one has, besides the grain and roots. The

little lambs will soon begin to chew on





 





THE .MICHIGAN, FARMER.





theclover leaves and heads, and should

have some clover that was out While

green, to eat. They can be given a little

place away from the ewes where they

can be fed a little grain from a, clean-

trough each day. If they are fed right

along until the flock is turned to pasture

and left to remain there, they will have

made a good start and be ready to take

to the pastural life and make a vigorous

growth until weaning time, if the pas-

tures furnish sufficient feed for them. The

early lambs, well started, are worth con-

siderably more than the late ones.

Chilled Lambs.



Where the small pens are used, and the

ewe and lamb put in there as soon as the

lamb appears, there is little danger of any

getting chilled; for if a false covering is

put over the ewe, just above where she

will touch it while standing. the warmth

of the body and her breath will warm the

inside and prevent any freezing. I have

saved lambs in that way when the tem—

perature outside was considerably below

zero.‘ Sometimes, however. a lamb will

get away from the ewe before he is no-

ticed and get chilled. By putting him in

a pail of water as warm as one can hold

the hand. he can be resusticated. It

should be covered entirely with water,

leaving only the nose exposed to breathe.

As the water becomes cool, more hot wat-

er should be added. Continue to hold in

the hot water until he revives and then

wipe dry with a towel and feed some milk

warmed to blood heat. In severe cases

a few drops of whiskey, diluted in water,





grown feeds. we can readily change the

proportions of the feeds as our observa-

tion and judgment may suggest. To get

the best results we must cut away from

the fixed feeding standards and vary our

rations as the growth and development of

our pigs appears to demand.



Nor is it likely that one can figure out

a ration so well balanced without grazing

as to promote the most vigorous growth

as will result when the ration is supple-

mented by the daily run of a field which

furnishes succulent and bulky foo-d. From

weaning time until the pigs are

months old protein is the important ele-

ment in the ration. Corn is

carbohydrates, outs contain more protein

than corn, but hardly enough to meet the

requirements of growing pigs. Rye is

richer in protein than oats, but as a pig,r

feed barley excels all the above and is a

sure crop in many localities where corn

rarely matures. Clover and alfalfa are

highly nitrogeneous, but too bulky to suit

the needs of the pigs. Cow peas,

beans and Canadian field peas

suited for pork growing where they can

be grown. Various localities can produce

feeds that may be used advantageously to

balance up the ration. Linsecd oil meal,

wheat middlings and lankage all have

their place in economical pig feeding,

which must be regulated by the variety

of farm-grown feeds at

prices of these supplemental

nearby markets.



The man who is engaged in pork grow-

ing as a business proposition and not





feeds





 





 





A Bunch of Brood Sows will Make Money for the Good Farmer.





and put in the lamb's mouth, will stimu—

late the heart to action and revive him.

Usually the lamb~is so well revived in an

hour or two that it can be put out with

the ewe and will not require any farther

attention.





Wayne Co. N. A. CLAPP.





ECONOMICAL PIG FEEDING.





 





Healthy and vigorous pigs from well-

bred, properly matured ancestry, are the

basis of success in economical pig feed—

ing. \Vith a uniform lot of pigs at eight

weeks of age, our chief motive should be

to keep them in vigorous, flCSh—gaining

ccndition until they have developed

enough bone, muscle and stamina to carry

our corn crop to market.



Providing the pigs have been properly

weaned they will have developed stom-

achs strong enough to handle generous

rations without a check in their growth

by the removal of the sow. At this time

the pigs should have, as near as may be.

a balanced ration. At least, the feed must





not be all corn, or too starchy or too

monotonous in kind. The skill of the

feeder will furnish the variety that in—





duces appetite and favors growth rather

than fat. ,



In feeding young pigs we are confront—

ed by two problems: first. the danger of

giving them too much fat-producing food;

and second, the feeding of larger quan-

tities of protein foods than they have

the ability to digest and assimilate. Too

much fat is not desirable at this period

and too heavy feeding of protein feeds

will stunt their growth. The ele-

ment of waste in feeding too much protein

is an important one in determining the

profits.



I have never been able to make up any

rations of grain and -by~product feeds

that would produce as good resultsfor

growing pigs as one in which skim—milk

makes up, about one-fourth of the mix-

ture. With a suitable variety of farm—





merely feeding hogs to find an outlet for

his farm by—m-oducts must rccogniZe the

fact that young hogs up to six months of

age need a growing. not a fattening, ra-

tion and that they need food in judicious

quantities. Regular feeding is one of the

essentials to a steady. unremitting growth

and three feeds a day is better than two,

and while following this method it is ad—

visable that they be fed only what they

will clean up with apparent relish. Al-

ways bear in mind that the most valuable

asset of the growing pit.r is about 120

pounds of bone. nilchlc and vigor, aided

and supported by a natural keen appetite.



From the fifth to the sixth month should

be the period of preparation—that is, the

time when we are getting the pigs grad-

ually accustomed to their fattening ration.

During this period I have always obtained

the best results by feeding plenty of corn

and allowing the bunch the run of a field

of clover, alfalfa and cow peas. In this

way their digestive systems gradually be-

come accustomed to the changed diet and

by the end of a month or six weeks they

are in ideal condition to make good use of

all the corn thev are capable of handling

At the end of this period they should be

well—rounded out and weigh at least 165

pounds.



During the last two months, the finish-

ing period. the previously built: frame and

digestive capacity. in the making of which

a variety of suitable feeds is so essential,

is loaded with fat, a process in which corn

prOdUCcs the. cheapest gains. Notwitln

standing that com has been the object of

much criticism by theoretical hog feeders,

yet the fact remains—that corn and water

will produce more economical gains than

mixed feeds. Mixed feeds may produce

slightly greater gains but the quality of

the pork is not so good and the shrinkage

while on the road to market is greater

than is the case with corn—fed hogs.



How many pounds should the pigs

weigh when they are eight months old?

Well, that depends upon the man himself.





six ,





soy '

are well I





 





nine-tenths





hand and the

in '





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





WILL nor SCAR OR BLEMlSl-l.

GOMBAULT’S

CAUSTIC BALSAM





is the safest and most effective lotion of

blister for ailments of





HORSES and CATTLE





and supersedes all cautery or firin .



It is prepared exclusively by J. . Gom-

bault, ext-Veterinary Surgeon to the French

Government Stud.





As a HUMAN REMEDY for Rheu-

matlom. Sprulnl, Sore Throat, etc.. it

In invaluable.



Every bottle of Caustic Balsam sold ll

Warranted to give satisfaction. Price $1.50

per bottle. Sold by drugglsts or sent by ex-

press, charges paid, with full directions for m

use. Send for descriptive circulars. testimo-

niala,etc. Address





in] LAWRENCE-WILLILIS GOIPANY, Cleveland. Ohio.





 





 





 





 





Influenza. Pinkeye. Epizootio Ship-

ping Fever and all diseases of ilt‘ilrl and

throat on horses, sheep and (logs in .1 sur-



prisingly short tune will) that old reliable

GUARANTEED REMEDY





K Grails Distemper cure





Its effect and results are remarkable. 50 sure-

it is sold on a money back guarantee. “’2

prove its merit at our expense if it fails.

May he given to in toil mares. stallions or

colts. Cures when all else fails.

your dealer can't- supply you send to

us. We and $1 bottle. Send for

our 3 I-‘lth‘li HORSE BOOKS.

\Vells Medicine 00..

* llThird Street.

LaFayotte. Ind.





 





 





.IE‘E Told





You don’t need to -

experiment on a. rem-

edy for Spaviu

bone, Curb, plint.

Capped Hock,Swollen

Joints. or any lame-

ness of horse or man.





Kendall’s Spavin Cure





has been the unfailing remedy for 40 years.

Silver Creek, N. Y., Apr. 8, 1909.

Dr. B. J. Kendall Co. Enosburg Falls, Vt.

I have used Kendall’s Spavin Cure for the last 15





years,and it never has failed



for It. Would not be without It. -

81 a bottle. 0 Ior ‘5. At all drug stores. Ask for



free book, “Treatise on the Horse,” or write to—





DR. 3- J- KENDALL 90-. ENOSBURG FALLS. VT.

41





NEWTON’S HEAVE'





°Ril’3'ilu BiSEE'fl'SE" C U R E





to do all that is claimed

0. A Dahl





 





   

 

 





 

 





 

 

 





:4" ’l‘7 *‘M’ "





 





,, The Standard Veterinary Remedy.



II, t 20 years sale. Send for ~

g ‘ booklet. -

o -_ ‘5 .’;\\: V. .

i- \ “"5...” .~



,av -,—v \\

e . § . r .

4

n





HSNOILIONOO 1838





Makes the horse sound. stay sound





DEAH T0 HEAVES





The first or second $1.00 can cures. The third can

is guaranteed to cure or money refunded.

$1.00 per can at dealers, or express prepaid.





THE NEWTON REMEDY co.. I'oledo. Ohio





 





 





 

 





Remove-All positively cures Sprains.

Rln bone, Curb, Shoe Dolls Capped

Hoe 'fibnormal growths and lameness.





 

 

 

 





   

   





“,5 . Sold on money-back guarantee.

‘ Leaves horses sound and un-

scared. Lump Jaw is cured in

less than three weeks with

Adams Rapid Lump-Jaw Cure

Easy to use. Guaranteed. Write

for FREE TREATISE on cur-

ing these diseases.

0. ADAMS MFG. CO.

. 89. Alsona, Iowa





 

   

 





 





   

 





 





   

 

 

 





 





Diierent from all others. t or 2 horses

Geared 10:0 1 or No l. Grlnd corn with flinch:

or without. And all small grains including

Oats and Wheat. (Allomoke to aim bolt milk.)





D.N.P. Bomber Co. South Bend. M
on"





248 (8)





1





My ideal is the soc-pound hog at eight





months of age, but my ideal is quite a

way from my present achievements. 1

think I do well when I have a bunch of

pigs that average about 265 pounds at

that age. This is a. mark that any care-

ful and intelligent feeder should be able

to reach. ,



The decrease in cattle feeding and the

advanced methods of handling swine is

responsible for a reconstruction in meth-

ods of hog feeding. Farmers in various

localities outside of the corn—belt are be.-

ginning to realize that they no longer

have to compete with the men who raise

and fatten hundreds of pigs, merely us-

ing them as scavengers in their feed lots.

When farmers recognize the possibilities

of exclusive pork-growing as a specialized

branch of animal husbandry and evolve

systems of feeding and farm management

adapted to the business it will become at.

tractive as a business proposition and

herds of well~bred swine will become

common in many localities where very

few good swine are now seen. We are at

the beginning of a period of enlighten-

ment concerning the possibilities of hog

farming.



New York. W, MILTON KELLY.





 





BREEDING CRATE.





 





Several subscribers have asked for a

description of a breeding crate for swine.

“'e reprint the description and illustra-

tion of a crate described in Farmers’ Bul—

letin No. 20'» The best size is 6 ft. long,

2 ft. 4 in. wide, and 2L2 ft. high. It is





 





 





0-1.. “i ’1 . .

l -. ...

3:42" “VIII. \“u.





.\





K





 





made of 2x4-inch scantling, closed in

front and open bchind. On each side nail

a 2x4-inch strip, reaching from the bot-

tom at the rear end to a point about 14

or 16 inches from the top at the front

end for the boar to rest his feet on. The

holes in the side cleats are for an iron

rod to run through, just behind the sow’s

hock joints. The cut shows the bottom

boards put in lengthwise. If put in side-

wise, the boar will not slip so much

Light slats nailed crosswise will prevent

slipping.





THE TIGHT HOG HOUSE.





 





 





In advocating the above I confess the

fact that every’inslitute speaker l have

ever heard discuss this subject, as well

as every professional hog raiser yet ques-

tioned, have warned against its use.



I as earnestly ins‘st it is the most

economical kind of a building to use, for

the winter feeding of hogs, providing it is

properly constructed.



No building is properly erected for the

housing of any kind of animals or human

beings unless it is equipped with a system

of ventilation. A tight house for hogs

will, if there be many kept, soon become

full of steam. the hogs begin to sweat

and a sickly odor results unless there is

a. way for the dead air to escape. The

air, when drawn into the lungs, is com-

posed largely of oxygen. which is com-

paratively light but when exhaled is most-

ly deadly gases, the principal one of

which is carbon dioxide or carbonic acid

gas. This being heavy. remains near the

floor.



I think it will not be hard to convince

any one that, for an animal to do its

best it must be warm enough to'be per-

fectly comfortable. Then a hog house

should be constructed Just large, enough

to contain the limit in number one ex—

pects to keep, allowing from 10 to 12





 





 

 





 

 





   





II





   





“It-1“,!“ 3'»; .' "a,





square feet of space for each has for

feeding and sleeping quarters.



The dead, or heavy air, can be con-

stantly removed by having a flue running

from within 12 to 18 inches of the floor

and extending above the ridge of the roof.

This pipe should be straight, as each el-

bow cuts down the draft 25 per cent. I

advise the use of pipe as the current of

air rises in a spiral form and any flue.

with square corners will draw a current

only as large as the largest circle that

can be drawn within it. -



The fresh air should enter as near the

ceiling as possible. The system is work—

ing constantly in my hog house. even

when there is no perceptible stir in the

air outside there is a distinct current e21-

tcring the fine. A pipe 10 inches in di-

ameter will be sufficient for 30 hogs.



A very good rule to follow in regard to

light is to make from one-third to one—

half of one side windows.



‘Ttirn on the light.



Kalamazoo Co. L. J. BRADLEY.





ANIMALS SLAUGHTERED IN 1909.





 





31*





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.‘ . 7





 

 





 





”*“V‘Fill‘wii , " " T , ~ rv“-»'-a".::.sl





:





/





err on





u' ‘i

an

, m





‘W ~.





\





l fi‘ You may have protection—positive, asssured, guaranteed. The

7 cost is small. The investment is made just once, while the protection





l‘

ill continues year after year. Look into ~

H





 





 





From an inquiry to determine the num-

ber of hides available for the manufac-

ture of leather, the census bureau has





collected the following interesting infor~ .





mation:





The 26,424 establishments reported 68.3





814,300 animals of all kinds, and of this

number 36,443,000 were hogs. Exclusive

of the hogs, there were 32,371,300 animals

reported.





There were 12,337,000 beeves slaugh-y





 





\II'Io





u" v.

3.)" '.Wo





   

 

 

 





“' at.

u‘ l ":1' ’

\ ‘0 ..y~

\. l h. . o

‘I- I "

.





 





‘.II:: ,





l .0.

r l

_' .t Cu.





“1.

.lln.

‘ :

~ulth.





‘o\ ’





tered in slaughter houses during 1000, and

hides were taken off by slaughterhouses‘

from 134,000 other cattle that were killed

or that died a natural death, thus giving

12,401,000 hides for leather.



Calves, sheep, and goats are common-





3/ of Lightning Control





it" The noun, SYSTEM





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





It is for you and everyone who places the safety of his

home and family above a few paltry dollars.



Its effectiveness has been demonstrated thousands of

times. The loss from lightning runs into millions of

dollars every year. Three out of every four of all the fires



in the country are caused by it. Yet not a single



building of all the many thousands that have D.-S.



Lightning Rods upon them has ever been destroyed or



even damaged by lightning.





Over 2000 Fire Imurance Companies have, by special

resolution, unequivocally endorsed Prof. Dodd and his

System. Hey grant 20 per cent. or more reduction in rate:

on buildings protected with D. -5. Lightning Rods.



No such wonderful endorsement was ever given to any other light-

ning rod concern in the world.



’The Dodd System includes right installation. Every detail is looked

after. Every building is a separate problem. Our agents are thoroughly

schooled and trained. They operate under special license

and authority, which must be renewed every year.



The Dodd System of protection is guaran-

teed to you under a personal, binding con-

tract. , If your buildings are ever damaged

it is made good or your money is refunded.

Delays are dangerous. Protect your home and

family this year. Start this day by writing for W“, M

our great lightning rod book, with the laws of Grief-am .f.;..p.,u



lightning, vivid pictures of lightning, explanations, Symm

I l guarantee, agreement to make good damages, etc. , FREE. Address





NH?" Dodd & Struthers, 429 61h Ave.,l)es Moines, lawn





«is, “ ‘>__





 





Bulamin Franklin

Originator of

Lightning Conductor!





 

   





 





 





 





 





 

 





   

 





l

/





it, I , - g"- ,r '

-,4 is Yanks?





 

   





 

 

 

 

 





332.2; V





It has the Famous Stewart

Ono-Nut Tendon Knife—highest

grade. The gears are all cut from





 

 





Clipped horses are fresh and full

of life and vigor because they dry





 

 

 

 





 





 





 





ly sold with the skins on 'by the large,

slaughterhouses, but the skins are ulti—l

mately removed. There were 10,712,000

skins obtained from these animals. The

number of kid skins (from goats» was

reported as 25,300, and horse and colt:

skins as 115,000. There were also 28,000

hides and skins reported as obtained

from all other animals, which consist

largely of dogs, reported by some of the

rendering establishments operated in con-

nection with city governments. ;

l



—__._——_ I



“High prices have set the world to!

raising hogs," said F. C. Sawyer, of Swift;

& (.‘o.. who returned a short time ago;

from a tin weeks' European trip. “’l‘herc‘>

is practically no demand for our product

in consequence of the enormous compo»;

tition with other countries, and prices for‘

our meals and lard are still too high. The

substitutes for lard have also come into

general use. and while competition has

increased, the market for product has be-

come smaller." During his trip abroad,

Mr. Sawyer visited Germany, France,





llollzind. Relgiui‘n, Austria. Hungary.

Italy and England, With the exception

of Italy, he found general business con-





dition to be satisfactory. He said: “China

is coming to be :1 big factor in the pro-

yisions trade, and exports from that

country are steadily imcrcasing. The

meats shipped are of good quality and

there is less prejudice against them than

formerly. It would not make much (lif-

fercnce if our prices were reduced con-

siderably, as we would still be undersold.

In some countries hogs are now two to

three cents a pound lower than in this

country.”





 





Aggregate stocks of hog products stored

at the principal western points Feb.

stood at 162,135,000 lbs, compared with

135,623.000 lbs. a month earlier and 157,-

742,000 lbs. a year ago. High prices are

checking consumption.





H





 





 





off quickly at night, test well and

get all the good from their food.

Every man who considers the

unnatural conditions under which

horses are obliged to live and

work, assists them to better

health by clipping in the spring.

No way has ever been devised for

doing it SO EASILY and QUICK.

LY as with this





Stewart

Ball Bearing

Clipping



achine





the solid steel bar and made file

hard. Then all are enclosed and

protected from dust and dirt,





where they run



in constant oil 50



bath. Price-.311 o

—

—





 

 

 





 

 





 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 





complete. as

shown. is only





It is Guaranteed

for 25 Years





and anyone can run it and do

perfect clipping with it.

at your





GET ONE "0 dealer's





or send $2.00 and we will ship

C. 0. D. for the balance.

Write for new 1911 catalogue.





 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

   

 

 





 

 

   





 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 





This machine weighs only 36 lbs. DO IT TODAY

boxed. You can carry it about . .

anywherel. It has 6 feet of Chicago Flexible



new sty 6, easy running



flexible shaft, so all parts of haft company





the horse are reached easily.





 





Prairie Stock Farm





OUR LAST IMPORTATION 0F





Percheron Stallions and Mares





\Ve cordially invite everybody to come and visit. our

stables and learn our method of doing business. We can sell

you a first-class stallion or mare for less money than any

importer in America. Terms to suit purchasers.



Niles is ninety miles from Chicago on the Michigan Central.





E.‘ METZ HORSE lMPUlillNli 00., Niles, Mich.





 





 





"l. "1911,35; '

‘r . ,~ l ‘3
MARCH 4, 1911.

FITTING Houses FOR MARKET.





 





The finishing and» fitting ofcattle, hogs,

and. sheep for market has long been a.

distinct line of business farming. The top

price is always paid for those properly

finished. Men, who send their stock to

market are often sorely disappointed when

they fail to receive a satisfactory price,

for the reason that their animals are not

in the prime condition that the market

demands. So well known is this fact that

no longer will any, save novices or begin-

ners, ship their stock to market in a

half—fat condition.



The conditions governing the draft horse

trade are very similar indeed, yet many

farmers and horsemen fail to realize that

it is so. Nor is the finishing of drafters

developed as a business in the manner

that it should be. Not only is this true

of the horses sold on the open market

or sent to the cities but is just as evident

in the common every-day sale and ex-

change from man to man or at the coun-

try sale.



Why is there this demand that horses

shall be fed and fattened and conditioned

for sale? Some will ask this question

and in support of their contention will say

that the horses are not to be slaughtered

as are beef steers. That killing percent-

age and quality of dressed meat are not

the chief qualities of a good draft horse.

Be the objections and criticisms whatever

they may, the fact remains that a horse

that is fitted will sell oftentimes for 25

per cent more than a similar animal that

is not. As reasons for this, in the first

place, a horse that is fat shows some evi-

dence of being a. good feeder. It is an in-

dication that he can be kept in condition

after he is put to work. Then the mere

beauty of a horse appeals to any buyer

no matter if he is a cold, hard-fisted bus-

iness man. A thin, rough-coated horse

lacks beauty which he might have if fed

up. Then there is the matter of weight.

American buyers, or users who are the

ultimate buyers. are crazy over weight.

With many of them mere weight counts

for more than conformation. The largest

horse is more a subject for admiration

than is the one of superior type and qual—

ity. There is a belief among a certain

class of horsemen that fat put on a horse

before he is sold is worth anywhere from

25 cents to $1 per pound. Fat increases

the horse’s weight and enhances his sell-

ing value.



Common farmers and professional draft

horse feeders can well learn a. lesson

from the stallion importer. In at least 15

cases out of 20 their buyers select fat

horses. T e importer knows, and his

stable boys know, that it is useless to

show a. thin horse, even at a greatly re-

duced price. When their horses are land-

ed, they are usually thin and as soon as

the shipping fever can be gotten rid of

the fattening process is begun. Men go

to buy a stallion who have the most

supreme confidence in their ability as a

judge of horses. They believe and freely



:iy that they will know a good horse

when they see him, be he thin or not.

Yet in nearly every case such men turn

down the thin ones and buy one that has

taken on an abundance of flesh. Such is

the nature of stallion buyers and such is

the nature of the entire horse—buying

public.



In the agricultural press, the farmer’s

institute, the short course, or agricultural

college class, there is much discussion,

and in the latter two institutions much

demonstration. in regard to feeder types

of steers, hogs, or wethers. However, we

have yet seen very little in print in re-

gard to draft horse feeder type. Further-

more, we have yet to learn of a class of

horses being placed from the standpoint

of probable ability to make gains in the

stable. While it is not the purpose of

this article to criticise the above named

institutions, yet we beg permission to

digress to say that the horse as a factor

in profitable agriculture deserves far more

consideration than he is getting at the

present time.





'That there is a feeder type in horses

cannot be denied. Just about the same

points as are emphasized in feeder type

with other stock apply with equal force

to the horse. A large chest capacity and

a. good middle are demanded. Chest ca--

pacity is an indication of constitution. A

roomy middle bespeaks a horse with di-

gestive capacity sufficient to take care of

large quantities of food. A man who does

the feeding in a stable where geldings are

constantly being brought in to be finished

for market learns from experience what

constitutes a good feeder. When a horse

is taken in that is large of heart girth

and capacious of middle the old feeder is

elated and confidently expects the horse





 





.- 42“.": ., ‘





     





to feed out quickly and well.’ On the oth- ’

er hand, if the horse is the ,opposite in ,

type with the'heart girth ofawasp and a'

middle comparable to a. city belle duringl





'the fashionable season, he will shrug his-





shoulders and realize that it will be a!

severe task for him to get that horse into

condition. 1



Temperament in horses is a factor in:

determining a good feeder. The quiet,

non-excitable horse is to be preferred ev—

ery time to the nervous, uneasy kind;

Just as some men are slow and phleg-1

maiic and sleepy and fat by nature, and l

others are slender and nervous and skinny I

and energetic, so are horses good feeders ?

or poor feeders, largely by virtue of their

natural temperament or disposition.



All the other points that go to make up

a good horse are important considerations

bcmuse they have an important influence

upon the price to be received. Aside from

size and the other points mentioned the

market demand centers in soundness.

good limbs and feet, coupled with action

and quality. These are the factors that

make the selection or production of feed—

er horscs so much more difficult than

with other stock where meat is the only"

end sought. A horse with a sidebone or

spavin or curb or contracted heels might

make just as good gains as a sound horse.

yet the selling price would be very diff-

erent, reducing the chances for profit

very materially on the unsound horse.

even though he may have cost less in the

beginning. \ Such horses as are topping

the market in Chicago at from $500 to

$700 would not sell for half as much if

they carried any one of the more serious

unsoundnesses.



Well Bought is Half Sold.



Whether or not profit or loss will be sc-

cured from feeding depends to a consid-





THE MICHIGAN FARMER. , ' ‘ (9) 249





 





The Best

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Horses need Pratts Animal Regu-

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Send for our book about Horses, Cows and Hogs. It is Free.





PRATT FOOD CO., Dept. 28 - - Philadelphia, Pa.





 





erable degree upon the buying. As inti-

mated above, ntore ability as a. stock

J'lldfle is required to sclcct good horses for

the feeder stable than in buying other

feeder stuff. This is further made ap-

parent by the fact that the horses are not

sold as a lot to one buyer but may go

individually to Picvcland. Boston or any

other place. which makes the market pe-,

culiarly hard to please. To be a success—2

ful buyer. a man must know what thc‘

market demands. llc must know horses





 

 





 





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Wood or -

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The man who is raising horses has very





 





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ing stock.

dams are the determining factors in the

stock he is to produce, he needs to be a

judge just as much as does a. man who

buys horses for feeding. .VVhen his colts

have reached salable age he has exactly

the same problems to contend with as

does the professional feeder.





Feed and Care.





In the barn much depends upon the

man who does the feeding. The man be—

hind the fecd cart is to stock production

and American agriculture, what the man

behind the gun is to warfare and Ameri—

can liberty. Ile must be a man of brains.

He must have skill. In fact, there is no

line of agricultural work that demands

more skill than the art of stock feeding.

Skill requires patience, knowledge of

horses and feeds. and hard work and a

supreme interest in the business.





On the fact that his sires and his the





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Having secured the horse his stabling

deserves consideration. Comfort and san—3

itation are, the prime essentials. A com-

fortable stall induces the horse to be con—

tented. to eat his food. and to digest it?

It keeps him from becoming uneasy and,:

keeps him from fretting, which wouldi

prevent his laying on fat. Under santa—‘

tion may be included stall cleanliness. dis-

infection and ventilation, all of which are

essential in keeping the horse in health_

A box stall, one. in which the light is}

rather dim, is to be preferred. The red-l

son why, in this case. the stall should be?

rather dark is that it has a tendency to}

produce easiness on the part of the horse l

The usual criticisms regarding a dark

stall do not hold, because he will probably

be stabled here for only a month or two.



The feed, of course, should be largely

of a fattening nature. When the horses

first come into the stable good, sound.

mature ear corn does very well. Then.

as fattening advances, or from the first

for the sake- of variety, oats and bran, or

those two with a. little oil meal, may be

fed twice a day. These are simple feeds.

yet they are just about the most satisfac—

tory, so far as results are concerned, that





l

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No Worms Here





If you want healthy litters of pigs like these you must keep them free from

worms. Even three weeks old pigs are often found loaded with these deadly pests.

Their growth is stunted. They cannot put on money-making fat. Worms rob

both old hogs and young pigs of their feed, sap their vitality; steal away your

profits every hour they are allowed to infest your herd. Stop this costly waste. It‘s easy with





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0 0





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can be had. For the sake of adding bulk

to the feed, we have used eho’pped hay

mixed with the grain. We used about

equal parts of the chopped hay, bran, and

oats, and then oil meal, enough to give a

pound, or a. little more, per horse per day.

After mixing those four ingredients, hot

molasses was poured over them. The

molasses was prepared by putting about

six quarts in a pail and then filling with

hot water, stirring until the molasses

would be completely dissolved. Then it

was poured over the feed. The molasses

was used to sweeten the feed with the

hope that this would induce the horses

to eat a little more. As for hay, the

horses will not cut a great deal. Any-

thing that is clean and bright will do.

Our own preference is for alfalfa and

timothy mixed. '



The coats will need some attention, be-

cause, when sale time comes a bright.

shiny coat is a great help to the horse.

The oil meal is fed chiefly for the effect

it has of improving the coat. Blanketing

has the effect of keeping the coat soft

and oily. A11 expensive blanket is not

necessary. just one that will cover the

horse well and strap under the belly so

that it will stay on him. Not much cur—

rying is needed. In fact, it is better to

leave the hair and skin alone and let the

hair grow. Then. just before the horse

is to be shipped or said he can be given

a good thorough grooming and his coat

will be put into excellent shape.



Neither does the horse need much ex-

ercise. In fact, many are not taken out

of their stalls during the entire feeding

period. To do away with leg stocking a

bran mash 011 light dose of epsom salts

is given whenever need of it is indicated.

A day or twobefore shipment it is well

to give a laxative and take the horse out

for a little exercise to overcome the dan-

gel of aznturiu.



’I‘inr'n, Selling is as important as the

buying. A carioud of horses of some par-

ticular type may be sold in one lot to

good advantage. Yet in most cases it is

found best to consign them to some re«

liable wide—awake commission firm to be





.sold at auction or any way that may offer

:the best price.





Iowa. H. E. McCARTNEY.





WITH THE FEEDING CATTLE.





 





With the lengthening of the days and

the approach of the active springeam~

paign on the farm, there is a tendency

to vary the feeding time for the live

stock. This cannot be done with any

degree of safety or satisfaction if we de-

sire to make the largest possible profit

from the feeding branch of our business.

Animal contentment and satisfaction is

:1. big factor in the making of economical

gains. Feeding steers have a sensitive

and susceptible nervous system, without

the faculty of reasoning which must go

with it to endure any hardship without

deleterious physical effects. They also

know quite as accurately when the regu-

lar feeding time arrives as does the feed-

er Who is prompted by his watch in this

regard, and if the feeding is delayed be-

yond the regular period, it is bound to

have an effect upon the physical condi—

tion of the steer. which will be reflected

in the gains which he makes. To illus-

trate this point, let me refer to a. feed-

ing experiment which I made one year

with a particularly thrifty lamb. This

lamb had shown an extraordinary capac-

ity for the perfect digestion and as-

similation of comparatively large quan—

tities of feed, and was pushed from the

start to see what could be done with him.

He surpassed our expectations by attain-

ing a weight of 150 lbs. at five months of

age. The lamb was weighed weekly dur-

ing the entire period, but imagine our





surprise at the fact that the gains were





not at all regular. Some weeks the lamb

would gain 10 lbs. and other weeks. due

apparently to less favorable weather con-.

ditions, he would not gain half that

amount. This showed conclusively that

the sensitive physical organism responded

to either favorable or unfavorable phy-

sical conditions to a remarkable degree.

This is just as true with steers as with

lambs, and regularity in feeding is one

of the first principles to be adhered to

by the successful feeder. Keep the steers

comfortable and satisfied in addition to

giving them all the feed they need and

feed of the right kind and they will pay

for it in larger and more constant gains.



What is true regarding regularity of

feeding is equally true with regard to

the other essentials which make for steer

comfort. The water supply should be

carefully watched to see that it is not

only constant but clean and pure as well.





’The salt boxes should be kept filled at all





be worried by lack of this essential ele-

ment when they want it or gorge them-

selves with it when it is suppliedfl An—

other important item is the cleanliness

and sanitation ’of the stable and yard

during the, spring season when the weath-

er softens up. It is comparatively easy

to have the yards in good condition dur-

ing cold, freezing weather, but with the

coming of warm days and rains it is not

so simple a matter. If possible. the ma-

nure should be drawn out. as rapidly as

practicable, and when it has been re-

moved to the ground the yards as well

as the stables should be well bedded with

straw or other coarse litter. This plan

will save much waste of valuable plant

food from the feeding yard, and will

make for the comfort of the steers as

well.



Then. when the weather, softens un-

seasonably, the feeder should watch his

charges with more than ordinary care,

to see that the grain ration is properly

adjusted to their appetites, since when

the steers are on full feed and eating

nearly all they can be induced to con-

sume, a. soft spell of several days’ dura-

tion is likely to affect their appetites to

a degree that will make the danger of

getting them off feed imminent unless

the feeder has an eye to this danger and

avoids it by a lessening of the ration for

a feed or two, if necessary, to avoid such

a complication.



A. R. F.





 





LIVE STOCK NOTES.



In the famous San Luis Valley of Col-

orado, sheep feeders are paying 25@57c

an acre for stubble pasture for grazing

their flocks, and the Colorado sheepmen

are generally making their holdings fat

and heavy in weight.



Charles Gray, secretary of the American

Aberdeen—Angus Breeders’ Association,

reports that business is improving in the

fine breeding cattle industry, and he men-

tions the fact that one of the principal

owners of show herds of these cattle has

had an inquiry from Texas for enough

bulls to make up a car load. He was un-

able to supply them and was forced to

turn the order down. being sold out. iHe

recently shipped a show bull to Virginia.



The winter packing ends with Febru-

ary, and there has been a big falling off

in western hog packing compared with a

year ago. the season starting in the first

of November, but stocks of provisions

have increased, as their unusual dearness

has prevented their usual consumption

Prices for pork products have ruled much

higher than for either beef or mutton,

something extremely exceptional



R. D. Burnham, of Illinois sa\s cattle

feeding in that region is below the aver-

age of former years, the high prices for

farms preventing farmers from raising

cattle or from feeding many, but when

any feeding is done famers greatly prefer

to invest in medium weight steers, Fewer

hogs are being faltened than in former

years, but breeding is increasing, and the

best breeders raise two litters of pigs at

year. Many sheep are fed. but very few

breeders are owned. Land is valued at

$200 to $250 per acre. There are a. great

many farm tenants. and land is largely

rented for one—half of the grain raised.



J. M. Chitiin 11nd A. J. Vick, prominent

southern Texas cattlemen, have pur-

chased a ranch covering a million acres

in the state of Sonora. Mexico, and the

immense tract will be stocked with cattle

next summer. Several other Texas cattle

kings have invested heavily in cheap

grazing lands across the Rio Grande riv-

er, and should the United States govern-

ment ever remove the tariff, they Will

profit to the extent of about $3.75 per

head on all the cattle they export to this

country.



The severe drought last summer cut

the feed supply of many farmers in the

north central portion of Wisconsin so

short that they are obliged to carry their

stock through the winter on the cheapest

possible rations. Nu1ne1ous farmeis hav

asked the College of Agriculture of the

University of Vi 1scons1n as to how to

feed animals, keeping down the feed bills

and at the same time avoid bad results

with their herds. Commenting upon the

subject, G. C. Humphrey, professor of

animal husbandry, says: “In feeding

timothy, marsh hay. out, barley or wheat

straw, or corn stover, one is using the

poorest class of feeds, and it is nearly

always necessary to buy concentrates

and use them in sufficiently large quanti-

ties to provide proper nourishment. It is

expensive in the long run to try to feed

cattle on feeds of this sort alone. If

there is an opportunity to purchase al-

falfa or red clover hay one can afford to

spend his money for these and feed less

concentrates. As concentrates to go with

cheaper grades of roughage the following

mixtures are suggested: (1) corn meal,

40 parts; wheat bran or wheat middlings,

30 parts; gluten feed or dried distillers'

grains 30 parts; (2) Wheat bran, 30 parts;

ground oats, 30 parts; corn meal 30

parts; gluten feed, 20 parts. (3) wheat

bran, 40 parts; corn and cob meal, finely

ground, 30 parts: ground oats, 30 parts;

oil meal, 20 parts. (4) corn meal, 4 parts;

barley meal, 4 parts; oil meal, 2 parts.

If plenty of cheap roughage is furnished,

10 to 12 lbs. per day of this mixture is

usually sufficient to provide the required

nutrients. Where alfalfa or clover hay is

used. five to six pounds of grain per day

will be enough If corn silage is used

with red clover or alfalfa hay, the grain

ration could be reduced to four pounds.”





tunes. in orde‘r that the steers may not





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 





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32nd Street. Ohio-lo Heights. Illinois





 





 





 





 





     

 

   





 





 





 





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JACKS and MULES





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ones. Stock

Write for

Address

Krekler‘s Jack Farm.

WEST ELKTON. OHIO.

Branch Barns, Clinton, Ind.





JACK for SALE





Imported Catalan Jack None. 15% hands. weight

1000 pounds, dark color, mealy nose and gentle as a

samb. Can see him with a dozen of his foal in the

same barn. Going out of the business. sell Scheag.

also four teams of fine mung mules.



KADDEN . 271Woodward Av..e Detroit, Mich.



Farm—Belleville. Wa) no 00., Michigan.





Registered Kentucky Mammoth JACKS,

JENNETS and SADDLE HORSES





We are the largest breeders of Mammoth jacks in

America. Re iste tered Tamworth and Hampshire hogs

all ages. J. .COOK; & Co.. Lexington. Ky.





DUNHAMS’

PERGHERDNS





Fourth importation for 1910 arrived August

4th. Our present lot. we believe, equal.

or surpasses any we have heretofore

collectod- More horses of bone. size and

first-class quality than ever. Numerous im-

portant prize winners. Write for catalogue.





W. 6.. J. B. G B. DUNHAM

Wayne, Illinois





 





 





 





 





 





Percheron, Belgian, Shire and

Hackney Stallions and Mares





As fine lot as there 18 in America. 3 to 4 years old,

with lots of quality and good individuals. weighing

or maturing 1900 to 2200lb



Prices on Imported Stallions, 0S1 000 to $1. 200.

American Bred Stallions. $600 (b.3900 Impor-

tations to arrive Feb. 18 and March 1st.



LEW W. COCHRAN. Crawfordsvllle. Ind.

Office 109% South Washington St.





FOR SALE—Two imported black.

three- ear-old. Perch-



eron Stallions. Weight Wand l . They are

extraJ good an dlgrioe will be right. Must selll

J. M. TUR ER. Williamston. Michigan."





BELGIAN HORSE . 113333315233





Horses write H. H. JUMP. Munlth, Michigan.





 





 





 





—Two Percheron Stallions black

For Sale_ star, thirty-three months old. weight

11100. will make ton horses. Be istered in the Percheron

Society of America. J. 0 To row. Forest Hill. Mich.





ALWAYS mention line MlCllGAN FARM-

wbcc vo- erc writing to advertisers.





 





 





LIWI FEIGE‘





 





 

 

 

 

 





'~ m. .:





”-1-an
MARCH 4, 1911.





 





YVYYYYYYYWYYVYVVVVVYVYYW r.





 





., '.'





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





 

 

   





 





 





AAAA





EFT—TEE 1MB!





CONDUCTED BY W. c. FAI'R. V. 8.





Advice through this department is free

to our subscribers. Each communication

should state history and symptoms of the

case in full; also name and address of

writu‘. Initials only will ’be published.

Many queries are answered that apply to

the same ailments. If this column is

watched carefully you will probably find

the desired information in a reply that

has been made to some one else. When

reply by mail is requested; it becomes

private practice, and a fee of $1.00 must

accompany the letter.





v.7; V’V





 





 





 





 





Knees Sprung—My tw0-year-old colt

has become knee-sprung, caused, perhaps:

by standing on an uneven floor. E. 13.;

W., Otsego, Mich—Stand colt on a floor:

that is level and blister tendons lightlyf

once every ten days, using cerate of can-g



' 'des. 1

thfri‘iliigestion.—Our local Vet. called to,

see a 1,700—1b. work horse some four:

weeks ago and he treated him for indi-

gestion. The horse appeared to recover,i

but he has been in an unthrifty condl—g

tion ever since and I would like. to have

you give me a recipe for condition pow-

der to feed him. W. R. K., Gobles, Mich.

——If you have been feeding him the same

kind of food for a long time, change it

and give him two tablespoonfuls of the

‘following compound powder at a dose in

feed three times a day: Ground gentian,

ginger, cinchona, bicarbonate soda, salt-

and charcoal, equal parts by weight and

mix thoroughly.



Abdominal Pain.——Occaslonally my 4-

vear—old mare will suddenly commence to

perspire, but these attacks do not last

long. Her water is thick and unnatural.

W. H. H., Marcellus, Mich.——G1ve her 25

tablespoonfuls ground ginger, the same

quantity of powdered charcoal“ also a

dessertspoonful of powdered rosm at a

dose in feed two or three times a day.

Perhaps you had better change her feed.

rLooseness of Bowels.—I pastured a S'lX-,

vear-old mare on alfalfa which I think

brought on kidney derangement. I gave

powdered rosin which helped her, but she‘

has been troubled with a looseness of the!

bowels which has continued. My otheri

horses that are fed on same kind of food;

are all right. D. R. K., Rapid City, Mich. '

—Mix together equal parts by weight,‘

powdered sulphate iron, ginger, catechu‘

and ground cinnamon bark and give her

a tablespoonful at a dose in feed three;

times a day. If this fails to correct her.

bowel trouble increase the dose.



Chronic Cough—Nasal Discharge—En-

larged Glands—I have a horse that has;

been troubled with a cough for some‘

time, some discharge from both nostrils,

but no offensive odor to it; the‘glands of

throat are some swollen.

has prescribed for him several times, buti

his treatment did not help the horse. I

have also given him cough and heave

remedies without results. What had I

better do for him? J. S., Carson Clty,

Mich—Apply 1 part tincture iodine and

2 parts camphorated oil to the enlarged

glands three times a week. Mix together

1 oz. fluid extract belladonna, 2 ozs. of

fluid extract of opium, 4 ozs. fluid extract

lobelia, 1 oz. dilute hydrocyanic acid in

one quart of olive oil and give your horse

1 oz. at a dose four or five times a day.

Kindly understand it is not always an

easy matter to correct a cough in horses.





 





 





 





 





 





Our local Vet.1 5_





v





22°“ . lnvestigateéThen You Will

4 ‘ Know—mud Profit





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DISC HARROWS





The Disc Harrow is the most necessary tool on the

farm today. . The advantages of thorough discing

are Just beginning to be understood.

The DEERE MODEL B. Disc Harrows control the

gangs and force them into the ground by a spring

pressure, thereby securing the most even and

thorough penetration and cultivation.



Whether you buy a. disc harrow or not this

year. it will pay you to read up all the new

features of the DEERE line of Harrows and



the MODEL 8. in particular. _



REMEMBER, it is the only spring-pres-



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BETTER HAY





if you have ten or_ more acres of hay. you

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Disc Harrow cultivates the ground twice in one

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The DEERE MODEL K. and MODEL OB.

Harrows now in use can be equipped with tandem

gangs by boring a few holes in the stub pole.

This combination is a great time and labor saver

and at.the_ some time secures more thorough

pulverizzition, as the soil has no time to dry

out between cultivations.





FARMERS’ POCKET LEDGER





The Farmers' Pocket Ledger is a new,

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. which contains lots of practical information

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The most popular little book of its kind.





Address

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Moline, Illinois





 





 





Most accurate

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built





Deere No. 9





 

   





Alfalfa





Oultivates and

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seeds in one

opemtion





 





 





Flexible

SDI‘] ng

pressure





 

 





New Deere Loader

—-_ for swath.

wmdrow or,

bunch





 





Deere tandem gangs do double work'at

no extra cost in time, help or teamJ





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Inflammation of Fore Feet—Lice.—Have

a two-year-old colt that is very sore in





 





both fore feet and the coronets seem to

be bulging over hoof. Our local Vet.

prescribed linseed poultices but colt is

not better. I also have a 12-year—old

horse that I recently purchased which is

‘lousy and by rubbing he has made sev-

eral sores on body. J. L. K., Potterville,

Mich.—Are you sure that the colt's feet

were not frozen? Instead of poulticing

the feet apply packs soaked in salt water,

1 oz. to a pint, and apply to coronets

one part bichloride of mercury and 500

parts water four or five times a day.

Give 25 drops creosote (beechwood) and

20 grs. quinine at a dose three times a

day. To kill lice on your horse drop four

or five ounces of crushed stavesacre seeds

in a gallon of boiling water, let it sim-

mer for two hours ‘then strain and fill to

original quantity. Then apply to lousy

parts of horse twice a week. It is a good

plan to blow some Persian insect powder

on lousy animals. Apply one part car-

bolic_acid and 8 parts vaseline to sores

daily.



Indigestion—Thick Urine—I have a

gray mare that appears to be healthy,

but has a great rumbling in abdomen, be-

sides, her urine is yellow and cream—like.

A. W., Hart, Mich—Mix together equal

parts by weight gentian, ginger and pow-

dered rosin and give her a tablespoonful

at a dose in feed three times a day.



Blind Staggers.~—I have a four—year—

old mare that worked good all summer,

but has had dizzy, spells ..which, my.neigh-

bor calls blind staggers. She Will be go-

ing along all right, quicken her gait, then

stop suddenly and is inclined to turn in

a circle; she trembles some and has fallen

down once. She appears to recover from

these attacks in about 10 minutes. F. J.

R., North Branch, Mich—Your mare suf-

fers from vertigo, an ailment which is

commonly termed blind staggers and it

may be the result of a digestive disturb-

ance, or it may be due to defective cir-

culation of the blood. It is always some-

what puzzling to make a correct diag-

nosis in such cases. If she is fleshy feed

her less grain, more well-salted bran

mashes and roots and keep her bowels

active; besides, exercise her every day.

\Vhen these attacks come on keep her

as quiet as possible until she recovers.

Give. a. teaspoonful bromide of potash at .__





 





 





 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





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Adv. No. 1430





H ‘i 3" “





{Iii/”it’ll”

iii/{M





 

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

   





Let him ShOW you the
' dered cantharides,





252 (12)





a dose in feed three times a day'and if

her bOWels are costive give her 1 quart

raw linseed oil, but if she is pregnant,

den't give her physio.



Barrenness.——I have a ten-year-old

mare that has been bred for the past.

three seasons to different sires without

her getting with foal. For some time she

has failed to come in heat. G. J., Red-

ford, Mich.—-—Give your mare 15 grs. pow-

_ ye dr. ground nux

vomica at a dose in feed night and morn-

ing. If you have not already done so

have the neck of the womb dilated care-

fully With the finger or a sound.



Contagious Abortion—I would like to

know if it is possible for a service bull

that is being mated with cows that have

aborted to infect other well cows at a

time of service? J. R.. Hartford, Mich—-

Infectious abortion is spread by bulls

serving both diseased and well cows.



Obstructed Teat.—-\\'e have a cow that

went dry in one teat some two months

before ceasing to give milk out of the

other three. Three-quarters-of her bag

is now filling nicely. but this blind quar-

ter is only partially filled and I would

like to know if her udder will be all right

when she comes fresh. W. (3., Cross

Village, Mich.—When she comes fresh

use a milking tube and apply one part

extract of belladonna and three parts

vaseline to blocked quarter once a day.



\Yind Galls.——My 8—year-old horse has

a soft bunch on the inside of fore leg

just above fetlock joint and I would like

to know if you think I had better blister

them. C. K., Mayville, Mich—If you can

give him rest apply 1 part red iodide

of mercury and 8 parts cerate of can-

tharides once a week. but if you have to

work him. apply 1 part tincture of iodine

and 3 parts spirits of camphor.



Injured at Time of Service—I have a

cow that came fresh Nov. 23; afterbirth

came away in due time. She was in





good condition, had good appetite. gavel





usual mess of milk and everything was

as usual. Bred her in January to a Hol-

stein bull, but soon after service she

strained and seemed to have some vagi-

nal discharge. .\ few days later she came

in heat, was served again and soon com—

menced to strain and I wiuld like to

know what can be done for her. N. ’l‘..

Clarksville, Mich—Your cow was no

doubt injured at timc of service, perhaps

on account of weight of bull her back

was strained. It would be good judg-

ment on your part not to breed her for

five or six weeks and inject her daily

with the following lotion. which is made

by dissolving 1 dr. permanganate potash

in four or five quarts of tepili \\Lllei'. If

she is inclined to strain much after these

applications make your solution one-half

the strength I have prescribed. This

treatment should be kept up for 10 or :20





days or just as long as the vaginal 1115-.





charge continues. Give her a tablespoon-

ful of powdered nitrate of potash at a

dose daily for 10 days.



Garget.—I have a valuable dairy cow

that came fresh Nov. 16, and since then

the right hind quarter of bag appears

caked at intervals of two or three weeks;

cake generally appears at night and is

gone in the morning; milk at those times

appears somewhat stringy, otherwise all

right. For the last week she seems to be

giving less milk from diseased quarter.

Jr}. i--l.. Morrice, Mich—Are you sure that

she does not bruise her udder on stall

iloor? Apply one part fluid extract of

belladonna and four parts glycerine to

bruised udder twice a day. (live 1 dr.

iodide of potassium and 2 (,lrs. fluid ex-

tract of phytolacca root at a dose in feed

twice a day for a few days.



Foot Sore—Feeding an l'nbnlanccd Tia—

tion.——I would like to know what can be

done for pigs that are either foot sore

or weak in their legs. Some of them are

inclined to walk on their knees rather

than on their feet. They weigh about

100 lbs. each and one of my neighbors has

one affected the same way. L. 8., Sher—

man City, Mich.—If your hogs have sore

feet keep them as clean as possible and

apply 1 part carbolic acid and 8 parts

glycerine; also cover the feet with oakum

and a bandage. The feet should be

dressed once a day. It is possible that

you are not feeding them right. perhaps

giving them too much corn and not

enough oats, oil meal and roots; also

give each hog a teaspoonful air-slaked

lime with the feed once or twice a day.



Bacterial Infection of Udder.wl have a

cow that lost the use of one quarter of

her udder a short time ago and have an—

other cow affected the same way. First

a sore appears in the opening of end of

teat, a few days later the quarter begins

to swell; then, lumpy milk or stringy and

bloody milk comes from her and finally

the quarter seems to block entirely. R.

A... Redford. Mich—To treat cases of this

kind. it is no easy task: furthermore, you

should have a return flow syringe in or-

der that you may irrigate quarter of

udder. Fairly good results follow bathing

the udder for hours at a time with a

warm salt solution, 1 oz. to a quart. Also

drop teat into a tepid solution of per-

manganate of potash and water. 1 dr. to

a gallon, and leave the teat in this warm

lotion not less than 3 hours a day. Also

wash out miller with this same solution

or you may use 1 part carbolic acid to 100

parts water.



Enlarged Lymphatic Glands—I have a

heifer that has several small. hard

bunches on neck and brisket and her ap-

petite is not very good. \\'. A. (3., Grand

Rapids, Mich—Apply iodine ointment to

bunches once a day and give 2 table-

spoonfuls of ground gentian, a teaspoon-

ful of ground nux vomir-a- and a table-

spoonful of cooking soda at a dose in

feed three times a day.



A. G. D.—If a male dog is castrated

when young, or a female dog spayed be-

fore she comes in heat it does not change

them very much; however, they are in-

clined to keep in higher flesh and gener-





 





28 lb. pl“ 81.00.





 





 





moulting period an

guarantee.





Dehorning Benefits Cattle





Makes them quiet and docile. Cows give more

milk. Steers fatten quicker. KEYSTONE DE-

HORNERS make the operation quick. easy and

humane. Stump heals quickly. Knife cuts from

four sides at. once. Valuable booklet free.





T. M. PHILLIPS, 125 Main St, Poncroy, PI.

For Sale—Registered Percheron Stallion





Storm 6736?. two years old. dark bay. white spot.

.on forehead and right hind foot white. Weight at;

1 ‘51 months old 1300 lbs. An especiallv tine formed and

. ili'thB colt. Sire—Imported Charlemagne 4 ‘



i (Hang 52519) owned by Dunham. Fletcher and Cole.

. man. Dam-Venus 35717. weight. 3)) lbs, “Cham-

l )ion Mare" open class and “Best. American Bred

’ llare. any age ' at West Michigan State Fair. 1908.

Ifintercstod address mI-stooo "in. Iimin.

Michigan. DORI D. BUELL, Proprietor.





 





 





 





' ' —Imported Belgian Stallion 9 years.

Bargam Prices Registered Clydesdale StallionB years.

sure breeders and second prize winneraat State Fair

19"), one radc Bel tan Stu lion two years. extra good.

' JAMES . BRO“ . Route 3. Carsonville. Michigan.





, —IMMEDIAT£LV. Three Registered

FOI“ sale Percheron Stallions. one Registe



Trotting Stallion will be sold cheap. act quickly.

Dr. N. A. Williams. Evergreen Farm. Bangor. Mich.





 





l Inuit SALE-Hambletonian Stallion. Standard and

. i Registered. 8 years old. weighs man... Also nice

l spccdy driving mare. D.U.M(-Veigh d‘ Son. 11.111ia.Mich.





 





will prescribe for your still





on. Hess POULTRY PAN-A-CE-A





lotion—hence the egg yield. It hurries the growing chick. It makes market birds {at faster. It shortens the

cures roup, cholera. gapcs, etc. A penny's worth feeds 3o fowis one day. Sold on a written





 





OR SALE—One of the finest imporwd.German

l Coach Stallion in the state at :a bargain. color

~buy. kind. and a sure foul getter. nine \‘eure old.

weight um pounds. can show lent)“~ of his stock.

A. I). Olmstead. R. F. I). No. 4. anhnlle. Michigan.





CLOSING OUT SALE





of Poland-China Hogs. and high grade Jersey Cattle.

TUESDAY. MARCH lulu. This herd has quality and

the best of breeding. 30 red so": 5) head





had-fl) b

of cattle. Visitors takenhueg at the Widow

at our expense. 8. W. ILLS. Saline. Mich.

BREEDERS’ DIRECTORY.

CATTLE.





ABERDEEN-ANGUS.





Herd. consisting of Trojan Ericas. Blackbird.) and

Prides. only. is headed by erton W . a 'll‘OJI'n Erica.

by Black Woodlawn. sire of t e Crand‘Ohnm to: steer

and bull at. the International in Chicago. ec.. 1910.

He is assisted by Undnlata Blackbird Ito.



WOODCOTE STOCK FARM. lonln. Mich.





. —Hi in type of Dairy animal.

l AYRSHIRES Yofing bullsand bull calves

»for sale. Prices low. Ingiirles solicited. .



? BERKSHIRE SWIN. .



l FINE POULTRY—White and Barred Rocks.

iWhite a Bull Orpingtons. White “yandottes pnd





. Lctghnrnu, E gs in season 100 each. ‘ .

.\l CHICAN SZCHOOL FOR THE DEAF. Flint. Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





HE double standard Polled Durham. Wild eyed Abotia burn.

Milk strain. Grand Champion silver cup winner at l910

Michigan State Fnir. JAS. H. HALL. Port Adlfin. Michigan.





' —Young bulls of high unlity and low

HOlSlelllS rices. oonsiderin brgeding. Gel: our

ONG BEACH FERM. Augusta. Mich.





TOP N OTCI‘I HOLSTEINS





Top Notch registered young Holstein Bulls com-

bining in themselves the blood of cows which now

hold and have in the past held World's Records for

milk and butter fat at faiwrices;



MCPHERSON FAR 5 C0" Howell. Hick.





—Choicely bred registered Holstein Bulls

For sale ready for service also younger ones.

Farm near “'illis. Mich. out of Detroit on “'abash.





descriptions.





 





 





 





E KOL Korndyke Bull alt—Choice“ A. R. O.

breeding. Splendid indi 'idual. mostly white. 375.

COLE BROTHERS. Ypsilun Farms. Ypsilanti. Mich.





' ——I am goingto sell 15 bulls in March.

"OlSICIII Bu": Won't, you help me by buyine one?

Write me as soon as you read this. I have one two

years old; 3 yenriings. 5. 6 to 8 months old. The rest

are younger. Will also sell a number of heifers bred.

and afew good cows. Don‘t wait until spring work begins

before you buy one of these. L. E. CONNELL. 1'31“". Ohio.





Holstein Friesian Cattle 3,23%? ignite“ 3.2.33:

W. B. JONES. Oak rove. Mich can.





 





 





 





ally stay at home.





Write. WILLIAM B. HATCH. Seabreeze. Florida.‘





 

 

 

 

 

   

   

   

   

 





Pails and





book and prosperity.





free. Send to stamp on mention this paper.





1% lbs. 25c..llnll ormdflc; stucco; 12 lbs. $1.25: 25 15.9.1181“.





Except in Canada and extreme West and South.

Send 2c for Dr. Hess 48-page Poultry Book. free.





FOR SALE—Holstein Bull 2 years old $128. Bull

Calves 6 months to 1 year $60 to 81(1). Bred heifers

$150 to ram. Oldest herd ll‘l Ind. Send for Photos and

Pedigrees. W. 0. Jackson. 715 Rex St. South Bend. Ind.





FOR SALE—Reg. Si. Lambert Jerseys.



Cows and Bulls from’high



producing stock. 0. A. BRISTOL, Fenton. Michigan.



' 2) months old. Sound. su re.



a. Slfl‘d 10780! Bully. kind. from cow making over



42’) be. of butter er year 345. also six bull calves

cheap. J. C. BUT ER. PORTLAND. MICHIGAN.





 





 





H I l. ' —2 year old rand daughter of Pietertje

o s 3““ Hengervelds unt De Kol out of 20 lb. dam.

And others. Hobart. W. Fay. Eden. Inzham 00.. Mich.





HEREFORDS’lfihsfi‘Z‘T“ iii? $1333?





China hogs. ALLEN BROS. Paw Paw. Mich.





Oflicai 'earl‘

Register oi Merit Jerseys. mo... ,3 mg.

lot of youn bulls from dams with oficial records

of 483 rigour s and u wards of butter.

. F. MARS 0N. Bay City. Michigan.





LILLIE FARMSTEAD JERSEYS.

IE“ BULLSSVMM Signal St. L. No.‘58197.

(Jubilee‘s Foxhall, No. 82299.

Bull calves sired by these rent bulls. and out of

splendid‘dniry cows. man) of t em in test. for register

of merit. Also a few heifeni and heifer calves for

sale. Write for description and prices. Satisfaction

g. arantced. or money refunde .

COLON C. LILLIE. Coopersvillc. Blichignn.





forsale. large. rich milk reducers.



Jersey cows also 4 heifers and ‘2 )E‘ilrlYilg bulls.



.egistered stock. W. J. BRUVVNE, Mnll.ken. Mich.



born April 10. 1910. Darn will



Jersey Bu" ca" oin Registry of Merit this

your. vs 8224 lbs. m1 k as 2-yr-oid. ‘ ’





Sires Dani’s

moo lbs.‘milk:in 10% months. THE M URRAY-

WATEBMAN 00.. R. 6.Ann Arbor. Mich. Bell Phone.





Dairy Bred Silorilnornfi‘?r .33? m 23%;:





good as cash. .I. B. HUMMEL. Mason. i'lich.





Sllfllllillllls and PlllLEll lllllllllllS. p38? 33%?





A. D. DeGARMO. Highland. Mlchlgan.





-\"> you B ll (1 a few

sate]! Shonhorns cows 23d illeigegnfor sale

JOHN LESSITER'S SONS. R. No. l. Clarkston. Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





' Ewes bred for March & A ril:

HamDShlr9 registered stock: Choioep in

dividuals. C. D. “OODBUfiY. Lansing. Michigan





Oxford-Down Sheep affirm!“

cattle for-sale. J. A. Di: GARMO. Muir. Mich.





-Good Yearling Field



Oflord Down Shee Rams and ewes of all ages

forsale. I. R. WATERB RY. Highland. Michigan.

" -—I have 100 ewes. amo them



Reg. Ramboulllets an of m. .-.......e.. .1: best.

also 85 ewe and ram lambs. Live 2% miles east of

Morrice on G. T. Road. Address J. Q. A. COOK.





lllitESlllE SlillllPSlllllES‘é‘ié‘S? Sln‘gkgfin 1.353;?





H. E. Powell. Robt. Groves. Shepherd. Ionia. Mich.





SHllllPSlllllE HALL STOBK FARM





Has for 3 le. twenty-five choice bred yearling ewes.

at a low pr ce. also a few good three and four year-

old. bred ewes. .





L S. Illlllllil &. Sons. Concord. Michigan.

HOGS.





 





 





 





 





 





' ‘ -—Growthy S ring Bonrs & (‘iits

lluroc: I “china: 0: choicest reedin from p’me

Winners. M. '1‘. STORY. R. 248. Lowel. Michigan.



—'l‘wo yearli sows bred for spring

BCPkSllll‘CS knowingni few choice July ilts

& boar pigs for sale. A. A. attullo.‘Deckervilie. ll ich.

BERKSHIRES Unexcelled in breeding. Select-



ed boars. sows and tits. Choice





fall pigs. T. V. HICKS. R. No. 11. Battle reek. Mich.





 





 





DAMS BROS. Litchfleld, Mich.. breeders of lmp. Chester

White and Tamworth swine. service boars. sows bred or

open. of either breed. Shorthorn 0min. M Rock. Buinynn-

dotts, W. Orpington, Ckls. all breeding stock leading wrnneu.





 





 





Pails of Milk-—‘





full and foaming over, is what the up—to—date dairyman gets -

‘ 'who gives his milch cows small daily doses of DJ. Hess

Stock Food in their grain ration. No hard times on 121': farm

-no talk about “farming don’t pay"-—just a full pocket-

Dr. Hess Stock Food has reason

back of it. It is formulated on scientific principles, by

‘ a practical stockman—Dr. Hess (M. D., D. V. S.) and

fills a want long recognized by the American dairyman—a suitable digestive tonic for live stock.





DB- HESS STOCK FWD





acts directly oh the digestive organs. It gives them “tone" and strength. It causes the largest fondle percentage of

hay and grain to digest and pass Into the blood to be secreted as milk.

it hastens fattmg m the stall-fed steer, the market hog and the spring lamb.

digested, is better than the but ration poorly digested."

its success fully warrants the faith which stockmen everywhere place in it.

sleek and profitable farm stock, use Dr. Hess Stock Food.

100 lbs. $5.00. Except in Canada and extreme West and South. Smaller quan- DR. "[85 a. CLARK

titles at a. slight advance. Sold on a. written guarantee.

Also Manufacturers of Dr. Hess Poultry Para-ch: and infant Loose Killer.





I'm from the In to the 10th of each month—Dr. Hess (M.D., D.V.S.)

animals. u-page Veterinary Book





For the same reason (increased digestion)

This is “The Dr. Hess Idea" of feeding and





It relieves minor stock ailments.





is the foundation of present day poultry

success. It increases appetite and assimi-





 





, o





7 , when}, 19:11}:





 

 

 

 





 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 





 





“The poorest ration, thoroughly





If you want to have fat,





Mhnd. Ohio





 

 

 

   

 

   

   

 





INSTANT LOUSE KILLER KILLS LICE





UROC-JERSEY SWINE and HOLSTEIN FRIES-

IAN CATTLE. One boar and one cow yet for

sale. E. R. CORNELL. Howell. Michigan.





DUROC BRED GILTS for sale. extra od ones also

one Reg. Holstein Cow 4 yrs. old an l~heifer calf

ii. A. BRAY. Okemoe. (Ingham Co.) Mich.





DUROO-JERSEYS“E?1”.§R§ $33





sale. CAREY U. EDMONDS. Hastings. Michigan.





' DUROC JERSEY Swine established

capllal nerd 1888. One last Spring Boar and Sept.

1910 Gilts for sale. J. H. Banghart. R 5. Lansing. Mich.





DU Recs—25 Bred Bows. of hi h unlity. 10

Excellent Boers rea y or service.



75 Full Pigs both sex. Write or come and see.

J. C. BARNEY. COLDVVATER. MICHIGAN.

IMPROVED CHESTERS—Young boars ready for

service, orderntaken for cows bred for spring far-

row. Also Holstein Bull Calves of the best. of breed.

ing. W. 0. WILSON. Okemos. Mich. Both Phones.





all ages. Sows bred.

O. I. C. “O sMnles wei hingnsiba.

and more. H. H. JUM . Munith. Mic ignn.





—Spring. summer «I fall farmwed,

0. I. C. SWlIle both sexes. breeding and tr a

right. Geo. P. Andrews. Dansville. lnghnm 00.. Mic .





0- l- 0- Early Fall Pins is; err-.923:





C. J. THOMPSON. Rockford. Michigan.





FOR SgALE—Fall Pi s and Bred Gills





. M. “'ING & SO . Sheridan. Michigan.





GREAT POLAND-CHINA HOG SALE.

JANUARY 20th.





60 sows bred for spring furrow. If you want the best.

attend my sale as I have the best in the state.





WM. WAFFLE, Goldwater, Michigan.





I -—t.he Bi Pol -

Boiler sFamous Wonders m. .5... 33.3? “$3;;

grow big. because they have been bred big for

20 years. Some great, Aug. Sept. Oct.. pigs. good

enough for any breeder. chea eno hfor any farmer.

J. C. BUTLER. Portlan . Mic . Bell Phone.





—Boars all sold. 20 '01 so a

0. '- Co SW!“ bred for spring farmhffxbgr 3.117;.

E. E. BEACH & SON. R. No. 3. Brighton. Michigan.





0 I —Choice Bred Sows. Boers ready for service

I I ' and fall pigs. From World's Fair “'inners.

Glenwood Stock Farm. Zeeland. Michigan. Phone 94.





o ' c ~Bred sows all sold. 1 June boar left.

- I I A few fall Sign either sex. Satisfaction

guaranteed. A. NEW MA . R. 1. Mariette. Michigan.





—F ii ' '

NLAND-CHINAS .31., ”éginiiuiiifi’féi $315513





L. IV. Barnes «it Son. Byron. hiawnssee 00.. Mich.





o. l. c. swrNe—geggg





oi: of

sow igs of f ll litters. sired b G d

.lackgon Ohio the World's aha]; iodmgndsgll‘agd

Champion 0. I. 0. hour. Boar Pigs all sold.

A. J. GOBDEN. R. No. 2. Don. Michigan.





! -—Best quality. lar rowth

0. I. C S For sale type. either sense agirs nol’.’

akin. some fine bred grits. choice lot of fa l pigs all





ages. OTTO B. SCHULZE. Nashville. Michigan.





0 I C —Fall pigs either sex and one June

. o f Boar left. am also booking

orders for a run far-row. Shi ed on a roval.

HARRY T. RA DELL. CASS binnmo GAN.





PECIAL SALE of heavy boned Poland-China

. Son's. bred. Boers readv for use. Prices low. Photos

if required. ROBERT NEVE, Pierson. Michigan.





POLAND-CH[INIAS‘lfn‘ie‘hk 31%





spring pins. “'001) & SONS, Saline. Michigan.





POLAND CHINAS—Sows of big type. Gilts bred

for a rin . A few choice boars and fall pigs.

E. D. BI HO . Route 38. Lake Odessa, Michigan.





-—-L rgest' ' .. .

WEE LEW-1t“. ”is “Jihmlfifif’ Em

,— wx ’

and quality. w. E.°I‘.‘IV'IliIG I‘DN.CP:11'm:.nfiicil.ze





llLLlE FAIMS’I‘EAD YGIKSIIIES.





The great medium bacon type. The hog that wins

on sheer merit. Large. vigorous. roliflo. Giltebred

{’01} March g:- ApIril farmtzé'Ftfitpi . either sex.

ors no a n. uni-an ll.

refunded. COLON I).





 





4 mos. old.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





on

LILLIE. Coopersville. Mich.





or money '
POULTRYA-n BEES





SUCCEEDING WITH POULTRY UNDER

ADVERSE CONDITIONS.





 





While traveling through the country in

search of pictures last spring I stopped

at a small poultry farm. It was not one

of the stereotyped, up-to-date, scientific

. kind but just an old-fashioned, homespun

affair and run by a womanwthe one sit—

ting on the box talking to her flock. The

fowls seemed to understand every word

she said or at least seemed to try to

catch her meaning. At first she paid lit-

tle attention to me, evidently taking me

for a tramp photographer (which was nor

a bad guess), but when I told her that

I was somewhat interested in chickens

and proposed buying a few acres of land

and going into the buisness. she became

interested.



Looking up at me she said, “There is

money in it! A few years ago I started

with 14 hens. I knew nothing about chic?-

ens. I had poor health but a firm belief

that there was money in raising chickens

and that. the out-of-door work would be

good for me. I gradually increased the

,flock until I had about 100 hens. About

this time I was obliged to go to the hos~

pital for an operation. My husband had

agreed to build me a chicken house but





 





 





 

 





41. Ill”





Here is the Man

Who Saves You

01‘ No





$25 to $75 Sale





Phelps. the made-tomrder buggy

maker, wants to get acquainted with

you and tell you how he can make you

a big saving on any kind of a buggy

or vehicle you want to buy by selling

you direct from his big factories at

wholesale prices.





Don’t You Want Free Book?





It’s his only salesman showing 125 styles

to choose from—showing in big photographs

all about how good buggies are made. Split

Hickory Vehicles are trade-marked vehicles

-the highest grade that’s made. Not a

single common quality buggy in the book.

This book shows the largest variety of

all kinds of vehicles ever gotten together in

one display. It gives you

many choices in trim- .

mingfinishes and styles.

A postal gets it.

H. C. Phelps, President

The Ohio Carriage



Mfg. Company



Station 32



Columbus, Ohio

Largest Factory

in the World Set .

{no Vehicles Di-

rect to Consumer.





This Free Book

Will Save You

$20.00 a Year





I want to tell you all about

my Celebrated Steel Shoes-why

one pair will outwear six pairs of

leather shoes—how a pair will

give you more foot—comfort than you ever

had in your life. How they will keep your feet

powder-dry all the time. How light and com-

fortable they are the year around.



I have told half a million others

these facts. They have bought

steel shoes of me and saved

millions of dollars among them.



More than that—they can be on



their feet all day—at any work.

without foot fatigue. And they

have gained health protection.





g. Steel Shoes





   





 

 





I

|

.

,

,

l





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





prevent rheumatism, sciatica.

lumbago, lame back and other

A Successful Poultry Keeper





‘ troubles caused by wet feet. I l

want to show you the way to avoid these ;

dangers and all ssch troubles as tender feet. ,When I got home the house had not been

corns, unions. c ilblains, and at the same - - .

time show you a saving of $20 a year in- [built and I was adVised to sell trie flock.

J ‘I said that if I was compelled to do so I





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

   





actual money on account of the extra

wearyouget from my shoes. lwould never raise another chicken. He

Will you write mcapostalto- tl ‘d b .11 . - ‘

day and get full particulars? ien deci ed to ui t the chicken house

Let me sendyou this free book and I have since increased the flock until

0f mine by return mall' I now have 500 hens on three acres of

Iground. They pay me about $1,000 a

.year. I sold $135 worth of eggs in April.





Address

[I graded them carefully and shipped to a





Ruthstein



The Steel Shoe Man

good market where I received an extra

price for them.





1 05 Seventh St.

Racine. Wis.

“But don’t you divide up your flock so

there will not be so many together?” I

asked.





 

   

 





 





 

 





 





 

   





“No, they are all in that 3-acre en-

A house kept well painted lasts twice Clos ” '

“long. We sellyou paint at “at", Ie(musre. It was an orchard of plums and

l c ‘ .





   





races. Saveyou deuier’sprolit. Make

t fresh foryourorder. Mix it ready to

use, and pay the freight. We oli'cr '011

two gallons. free to test, out 0 an

order. Return the balance at our ex-

en 6 if the two gallons are not autism

act ryand get all your money back.

No other paint-maker does this because





   

 





“How do you raise your chicksl” I in-

quired.

“I use incubators and cold air brooders.





 

   

   





 





 





THE] MICHIGAN FARMER.





that if this woman, in her simple way,

could make such a success of thepoultry





‘ business, a. thoroughly equipped, up-to-





date plant ought to prove a gold mine.



New York. I". C. EATON.



(Experiences such as the above are

valuable in that they demonstrate the

truth in the oft—repeated statement that

poultry pays in spite of unfavorable con-

ditions. The pictures show that the equip-

ment in this case is of the simplest kind,

and while there is little doubt that cut-

ting up the 3—acre plot into yards and

grading the stock, according to age and

size, into smaller flocks, would consider-

ably increase the profits, the fact remains

that the flock is yielding a good income

under present conditions. The lesson con-

tained is that, properly credited, the poul-

try flock upon the average farm pays a.

better rate of interest on the investment

than any other branch of farming and is

worthy of closer attention and better ac-

c0mmodations—lid.)



HOW I VENTILATE MY POULTRY



HOUSES.



It is a well known fact that the major-

ity of small poultry i'aisers have that one

idea that their houses must be very warm

to keep their stock in laying condition

and for that reason they are afraid to

give them plenty of fresh air at all times.

You will see in many a poultry holise in

warm, muggy, or damp weather, big





 





 





and a Few of Her Profit Yielders.





(lcwdrops hanging on the ceiling, and in.

(old zero weather that same coiling Will

have a thick icy covcring. Now either

one of those conditions is harmful and is

l‘Ut what you want in your house at any

time. '



Now, as to how I prcvent these condi-

tions in my houses. My dropping boards

and perches, as in most poultry houses,

are at the back of the housc. About five

feet in front of the roosting place, so as

not to bring it dircctly ovcr the fowls on

the nest, I have an 8-inch galvanized iron

stovepipe.



Commencing just at the ceiling,

ning out through the roof and extending

at least six feet up in the air, with a cap





253 "

buiLDREN AFFECTED





By Mother’s Food and Drink.



Many babies have been launched

,life with constitutions weakened by

ease taken in with their mothers’- milk.

Mothers cannot be too careful as to the

food they use while nursing their babes.



The expei‘icncc of a Kansas City mother

is a case in point:



“I was a great coffee drinker from a.

child, and thought I could not do Without

it. But I found at last it was doing me

harm. For years I had been troubled

with dizziness, spots before my eyes and

pain in my heart, to which was added.

two years later a chronic sour stomach.



“The baby was born 7 months ago. and

almost from the beginning it, too, suf-

fci‘ed from sour stomach. She was taking

it from me!



“In my distress I consultcd a friend of

more expei‘iencc and she told me to quit

coffee, that coffee did not make good

milk. I have since ascertained that it

really di'ics up the milk.



“So, I quit coffee and tried tea and at

last cocoa. Ilui they did not agree with

me. Then I turned to Postuin with the

happiest results. It proved to be the very

thing I needed. It not only agreed per-

fectly with baby and myself, but it in-

creased the flow of my milk.



“My husband then quite coffee and used

Postuni and quickly got well of tlic dys-

pepsia with which he had lit-cu troubled.

I no longer suffcr from the dizziness, blind

spells. pain in my heart or sour stomach.





(13)





 





into

dis-





“Now wc all drink I’osium from my

husband to my seven months’ old baby.

It has proved to lie the best hot drink

we have cvci' used. \\'c would lint give

up Postum for the bcsl coffee we ever

drank.”



Name given by Postuni Co. Battle

Creek, Mich.



Get the little book. “The I}: ml in \Vell-





ville," in pkgs.

Hr“





,nei‘e’s a. Rcason."



Ever read the above letter? A

new one appears from time to

time. They are genuine, true,

and full of human interest.





Write for

Our Free





 





 





run-_





fastened above pipe to keep out snow and ‘





rain. Now the reason for putting the pipe





high up in the air is that it acts the same‘





as a chimncy and has a bcltei‘ suction.





 





PAI NT





no other paint is good enou h to stand

the test. Send for our free fiaint book,

with color card, prices, and instruc-

tions how to paint. Don’t buy stale

paint with no life in it. Buy fresh

made-to-order paint from





0. L. CHASE PAIN T 00.





Dept. 36 1220-24 Ll t

s'r. Loms, M3.“ t Bldg"





SHOEMAKER’S A

.--- POULTR





‘and Almanac for 1911 has 224 pages with many

colored plates of fowls trueto life. It tells all

about chickens, their prices, their care, diseas-

es and remedies. All about lneubntors, their

prices and their operation. All about poultry

_ houses and how to build them. It's an encyclo-

’ ~ in of chickendom. You need it. Only 150.



.4 0. BHOEIIAKEB, Box 911. Freoport. Ill.





.. W rec INCUBATOR

W‘fi ‘1 .132 CHICK snoonrn

W





751 The incubatoris

“ California Red- :::h$ 1 o





\k.

wood, covered





 





 





   

 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





Cold Air Brooding





I find that they do better in the unheat-

ed brooders as the chicks are hardier.





Increases the





   

 

 





 





E





L... . «mu:





     

 





3 Frel il‘ald ' withssbestosandgslvsmzed r -

, fight of bomb” mph, “11.. copper tank; I‘his spring has been the coldest we have

““Mk‘u nurse 3 es: tester. thermometer ever had and yet they are doing well."





After taking the pictures accompanying





to use. 30 Dail’ al — money back

it not 0. I. Write for Free Catalog today.

this article I departed fully convinced





 





 





Vigor and Hardiness of the Chicks.





 





At the same time there will be no drafts

coming down the pipe. I have these pipes

every twelve feet in my long laying

house, and they draw out all foul air and

keep the ceiling from becoming damp; in

other words, they keep the bad odors out





 





Poultry

Guide First





ON'T invest a cent in (my poultry



outfit until you get our 212-page



illustrated free book, “Profitable



Poultry Raising.” Full of intercsting



facts, practical hints and money—making



suggestions: pictures offamouspoultry-



men and largest poultry plants. Poultry

is today a billion dollar industry!



Poultry and eggs bring highest prices.



Get into the work now and start rig/it with





Cyphers Incubators





and Brooders





The world’s standard,self-regulating,self—

ventilating, non-moisture, continuous

hatchcrs. Fireproof; insurable. Guaran-

teed. Investigate and judge for yourself.



The best breeders and owners of larg-

est, best paying poultry plants tell you in

our practical book 7 _

how Cyphcrs ma-

chines have helped

them to bigger prof-

its. \Vrite for the

book today. “’0 mail

it postage paid gladly.

Address store near- -

est to you. .

CYPHERS lNCUBATOR COMPAN



Dept. 35, Buffalo, N. Y.





New York City. Chicago, Ill. lloston, Mass.

Kansas City, lilo. Oakland, Cal. 2000 Selllng Agents





 





 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





   





The 1911 catalog by Ruin-rt. ll. Essex! ' '



poultry and incubator cxpcri, ,, "



will start. you right. liiiprchd incu-



lmtoi‘s and bromicrs. lt-wl “ “:liy



Sonic Succccil \l'lici'c (iiizcm Fail."

ROBERT ESSEX INCUBATflR CO.

92 ileum Sr, BUFFALO, N. Y.





$ 00 lZO-Egg Incubator

1- 0— 120-Chick Broader





Biggest Value Ever Offered — ~ -, .

Safest, surest liatcher made. Metal ,

covered all around. Self-regulating.

Big Free Book tells D a

about the famous I E LS

it reiglit prepaid East of the Missouri

Itivcr andNortii of Tenn. Send for

Isree Catalogue and bargain offer.

J. W- MILLER (30.. 801300, Freeport, Ill.





1 1 2 2E POU LTRY

Tells how to succeed with B o o K





poultry on theordinary farm.





:' How to make a first-class

, brooder out of an old piano

hox. What breeds lay best.

‘ Plans for poultry houses, how

to feed, breed, etc. mescribes

' PRAIRIE STATE Incubators and Branders

\ You will be uurpriledst the vsluableiuformatiou it con-

tains. It's free. Write a oats! fur a copy toda





Prairie Stats incubator of. 413mm St. iimi'ciiy; Pa.





 

   

 

 

 





 

 

 





 

 

 

 





“Sir-moon.

:(peWAmn

”ml/f,
254 (14)





and keep the house dry and sweet. These

pipes are open at all times in warm or





. zero weather.





I am asked many times as to how I

keep my Single Comb Brown Leghorns

from freezing their combs. The only an-

swer I can give is that birds in such a.

house, with perfectly dry and sweet air,

are very hardy and in such a healthy

condition that they are not bothered with

frozen combs. “'hat is worth more than

anything else, they keep shelling out eggs

all winter long. The sudden changes 01

weather that we have in this climate do

not have much effect on them. Their

Winter quarters are dry and healthy and

they are in condition to do their best for

you all the time.



St. Clair Co.





CHARLES RUFF.





 





 





VALUE OF POULTRY MANURE.





 





How much is chicken manure worth per

barrel? A. L. S.





It is impossible to place an accurate

estimate on the value of a given amount

of poultry manure, for the reason that it

varies with the character of the feed re-

ceived by the fowls and with the manner

in which the manure is handled. The

droppings from the poultry flock have

generally been regarded so small an item

that they have received little attention,

but they contain fertilizing ingredients in

sufficient quantities to make their appli.

cation to almost any soil profitable. In

fact, they are richer in those ingredients

than most other manures produced upon

the farm. Analyses of fresh poultry ma»

nure have shown that. or. the average. it

contains a trifle over I per cent of nitro-

gen. nearly one per cent of phos-





 





 





 





phoric acid and nearir half of l per cent

of potash. “'ith these figures as a basis,

the cash value of it“) lbs. of the fresh

manure would be about '2‘ cenis. This.

of course, is for the manure unmixed

with earth or other ulisnrherxs. To pre~

vent the loss of the nitrogen it is. how-

ever, best to mix the manure with dry

loam and to protect the mixture from wet

until wanted for use.





 





EXPERIENCE WITH ROUP.





 





 





I have just had quite a lot of experience

with roup. Last fall I bought 20 \Vhite

Leghorn pullets, and found, in about four

days. that they all had the roup. I had

put them in with 120 other chickens, but

just as soon as I discovered the trouble

I removed them and shut them up by

themselves. It was too late, however,

for inside of four weeks I had taken about

60 of the 120 out and penned them by

themselves.



I asked a neighbor what I should do.

He said I couldn't do anything but let

them die; said he had lost 100 in one

year. Another advised killing and burn-

ing them. I thought I couldn't lose much

more by doing what I could to save them,

so sent to several manufacturers of poul-

try foods for roup cures. l shut the fowls

out of the cold and gave them warm

mash. prepared poultry food and roup

remedies. Out of 140 I lost 10. Since

then I have sold some. and today I have

100 nice. healthy liens that are now lay-

ing. I dare say that 80 of the 140 had the

disease. I had them shut up about 11

weeks and during that time gave them

the best of care. I feel that I earned my

flock of hens, for they certainly would

have died without treatment. The medi-

cine cost me about $3.50. I used three





different kinds of roup cure and couldn‘ti

see any difference in the effect. They all.

helped them. I write this for the benefit:

of those who may be so unfortunate as to,





3'0 nuvs IIIIOIALJIIQIIBITOB m nnnoon





get roup into their flocks.

MRS. A. KINGON.

CARING FOR SITTING HENS.



I have not seen my method of handling

sitting hens described in The Farmer.

It is a plan which I have followed for

many years and have had great success

with it always. Most every farm has

Some kind of an outbuilding, such as an

old corn crib, a smoke house or other

structure which is not in use at this sea-

son. I place in the building selected a

number of old crates and boxes in which

to make the nests as they are needed.

\Vhen ready to set a hen I dust both nest

and hen with insect powder, place the





WHITE IEGIIIIIIIIS. WHITE IILiIIIIlIlIilI-WYIIIIIIFF





Strains separate. Greatest layers on earth. Eggs for

h‘atchin . No. One : 0. Two. : No. Three. 83

1191' 15: . $7.50. $10 per hundred. Book orders now.

Circular free. The first 25 orders from this advertise-

ment willEreoeive E'numbered leg bands FREE with

every netting. Reference First. State Bank.

FRANK W. FLOYD. Proprietor. Skin-ink Gnu-den

Farm. Box 491. Birmingham. ichignn.





 





 





MAWHOBTER BBILLIANTS ”A IT" $0.1!

.L





V rows. Tb . J” an .00.

mud. J. unwnon’rnn. Wownko. Indiana.





 





 





 





THE ‘M‘icHioAN-FARMiaR.~> .





C___t5__D 0w.





‘.





l"m ,_a





   





v

ngduul/J .m





V





   

   

   

   

 

 

   

   

   

   

 

   

   

   

 





 

   

   

   

   

   

   





economical range, no one can deny.





V





can you do good





we- co," 1.





n Fuel Bills

AR C A D IAN





MALLEABIE, NIIN-BIIEAKABIE RANGE -





The Arcadian pays for itself in, the fuel it saves, and a range that does that is on





Only a range made like the Arcadian. of malleable iron and charcoal iron plates with-



out the use of stove putty, could give such economical. insides; scrvnce for so



many years. To be a good baker, easy to clean and saving of fuel. a range must be

absolutely air-tight. So-ciilled steel and cast iron ranges cannot be riveted alt-

tiglit. so they are only bolted together and the seams stuffed with stove putty. After

six months or a year this stove putty crumbles away and then false drafts enter the

range at every seam. fanning the fire and wasting fuelwhen you have the nose

shut off. or deadening the fire when you want it to burn. How

baking With such a range? Do you wonder



that fuel bills get bigger and bigger?

range seams doped or stufl'ed with stove putty.



The Arcadian is made air-tight without the use of stove

putty. The malleable Iron and charcoal iron plates are

tough enough to be riveted lasfingly air-tight. metal to



metal, like a locomotive boiler. No stove an to crum-

ble—«a perfect baker—easy to keep clean. old y dealers.

Free booklet—full of money-oavlnginformndon aboutrangon.

telling the lncido fact: aboutrnngc making and showing



up occurs—teaches you to detect wank point.





in nngco. Free.

“Mill“ IALLEIILE IAII E 00.

Dept. 56 III





‘MA‘RCI—i 4, 1911..





Be warned against





 

 





 

 





 

   





 





 





4-





   

   

   





machines bore and I hold the record with my machine.





   

   

   





Wisconsin Incubator Co.. Racine. Wis.





   

   





lug. I act the incubator three times and got %5 chicks.





Wiscomin Incubator Co.. Racine, Wis.





 

 

   

   

 

   

 





material and construction exactly as represcnécd.





Wisconsin Incubator Co.. Racine. Wis





 

   

   

   

   

   

   





choc. I will Why dill Income!“ as I can trove it.





   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 





Wilton-in Incubator 0).. Racine. Wis. Crow Agency. Kenn" .

Gentlemenznl thought I would drop you a fine to let you know



how I came out with your machine. It has just hatched the second



, time nnd anybody would have a hard time to get it from me for

three times what. it cost. From the first hutch I got 121 chicks

from 133 fertile eggs and the second time I put a small tray in

{cont of the egg tray and from 151 fertile eggs I got 1“ fine

chicks. I am more than pleased with your machine Imdl am going



to get three more before spring. My neighbors have all kinds of





F. I... STANLEY

Blancheater. Ohio

Gentleman-J am well pleased with the way your Incubator

works. I think the chick nursery underneath the egg tray is all

richtns you do not have to take the chicks out until they are all

hatched and they come downstairs like the children in the morn-





F. FERKEL

Odessa. Mo.

Gentlemen:--It pleases us greatly to be able to say that your in-



cubator is a jewel. We hava seen several incubators In operation



and none have equnlled the Wisconsin. Through six hatches we

never Iver-sad less than 90 per cent. We also had excellent ro-

aults with duck and turkey eggs. We were also pleased to find the





S. REDDICK

Grass Lake, Mich.

Door Sirszul do not think there is a better machine on earth than

your incubator. I have taken oi! four batches and [got a 100 per

cent hatch the flat three times and n 99 per cent hatch the fourth

time. From 115 eggs I got 115 chicks, 105 eggs. 105 chicks and

from 109 eggs I got 109 chicks. No incubator on earth can bent





UP. B. No. 8,





 





If ordered together we send both machines for Slope-freight

paid east of Rockies. Hot water. double walls, dead air space

between. Top has three walls. Double glass doors. copper tanks

and boilers: self-regulating. Nursery underneath egg—tray. Both

incubator and Brooder shipped complete. with thermometer. lamps. egg-testers—

all ready to use when you receive them.

not satisfactory at endr'of 30 days you can return them. and money will be refunded.

Incubators finished in natural wood showing exactly the high grade lumber we use.

If you will compare our machines with others offered fit anywhere near our price. we

will feel sure of your order. Don't buy until you do this-you‘ll save money. It pays

to investigate the “Wisconsin" before you buy. Read the letters below—they are

actual proof from users. showing the success they. are having with our machines.

This is the most convincing evidence you could get.~ Send for the free catalog today

or send in your order and save time. Orders shipped same day received. Read the letters belo‘w.





WISGONSIN INGIIBA'I'OII 00.. Box 129, Racine, Wisconsin





l25-Egg WISGONSIN Incubator 85 Broader 410





Thu! do GOHIO“. .ll‘c





 

 





double walls. dead air space

construction of our machines.





No other manufacturer can use

better material in the construction





in our machines. Incubator made

of California Redwood. Lamps

galvanized iron. 0. K. burners.

Taylor thermometers.





Elkhart Vehicles and Harness





have a world wide reputation for high quality and our prices have made them famous.

THIRTY_EIGHT YEARS’ experience selling to the consumer means success.

We ship for examination, guaranteeing safe de-





livery, satisfaction and to save you money. g





All machines sold on a 30 days' trial. if





MAKE THESE COMPARISONS





They will help you to avoid making a. mistake in

deciding which machine to buy.





18‘ bntors are of selected California Redwood.

2nd The W'isconsin has double walls with dead air

80





dead air space.

3” The eggi chamber in the Vl'isconsin is fully 10





inc. are 8 inches deep.

4", This makes the nursery less than 2 inches and





sin the nursery is 3 inches deep.

This illustration shows the 5"! In theWisoonain there is plenty room between





get in the nursery. In some incubators you have to

open the door in order to put. the chicks in the nursery.





61" The Wisconsin has large double glass doors





. . , » read. Some have a small single loss, making it nee-4

0" INS machines than we are usmg l essary to open the door to read t ermometer. ..

If you will make these comparisons-weigh them

well. I know on will order my machines and be better

leased. for is one are cold facts which actual compute.

sons will prove.





 





BOTH F0





#





 





   

 

   

 

   

   

   





 





BEFORE YOU BUY





Be sure and compare the lumber. Our incno

space. a decided advantage. me have no -

inches eep. Home, to cheapen cost. of mak-





too shallow for little chicks. In the Wiscon-





the egg tray and the door for the chicks to





through whichthethermometcrcnn be easily





Catalog shows all styles of pleasure vehicles ._





and harness. pony vehicles and harness.

spring wagons. delivery wagons. fun:

wagons. and harness.





May we send you large catalog?

Elkhart Carriage and

Harness Mfg. Co.,

Elkhnrt, Indiana





 





 





Just think! “.mincubawran .00 mode: or 10. Don‘tpaymcre forequalor





re: quality. We pa frci lit to our station. lZS-Egg National Incubator has

poo Jinn-II. can. It. may um. "Sill: Tun-mar, ‘

FREIGHT Animus badminton out-mudwhuuiulmk, Mandi ultimatum,

"In lid Iain! hating "stun. um MW Una. lid. dud III‘ was.

—~ Brooder has safety lamp—can‘t explode or break. his roomy. cozy,





 

 





. I I) I free from drafts. easy to clean. every part quickly reachable. Order

.13.. 0' both incubator and broodcr direct from this :dve‘mscmcntth guar-

, . antcc satisfaction or you get all your money ac quick. rand new

$8.” ullrv book free. Act now on this bargain. 125‘fgcwm'

Iii: uncut lucuum co.. 140 1 II Simi. llclno. wimmin ' -





I".





 





 





 





 





 





“Gleanings in

Boos on the Farm Bee cum..."

will help you get more pleasure and more profit

from Bee keeping. 6 months trial subscription 250.

Book on Bees and Catalog of Supplies sent free.

rut A. I. floor cot-MI". no: no, “ulna. onto.





ITALIAN BEES FOR SALE





A. E. ROBERSTON. R. No. L Orchard Lake. Mich.





BUFF PLYMOUTH ROCKS—Only perfect standard



cockorels. April and May hatch at 82 and $3 each.



Excellent laying strain. Fred Nickel. Monroe. Mich.



—THOROUGHIREO CHOICE IAIREO HOOK



For Sale . cocxuus 81.00 «at, pauo I up.

Dr. C. S. LAYTON. R. No. 3.1Ypsilunti. Mich.





IS. FLORENCE HOWARD Petersliur . Mich”

White Rocks and Rose mb White Eeghorns.





A few B. O. W. L. birds yet to sell. Eggs both broods. ,





608: E 68: EGGS—White a But! 0 ‘inlton.



W lWhigeBa iferred Books. Blnzksaigbfiitanmgnoroagl

to Log orna. Rollo ‘ Rod.



Eofidnns a WPhito Crubd Blk Polish. H. E. King. Will“. Itch.





 





-Vl orouo. farm raised. and

Barred Rock CIdSo bro from rize winners. $3

each. two for 35. J. A. BARNUM. nion City, Mich.





BUFF PLY. RQOK and S. 0. Bull Leghorn Cock-

erels. Exceptionally ond stock at farmers' rices.

Eggs in season. F. J. H. UROH. Blaine. Mic igan.





 





II. c. II. Leghorn cockerclijhglg .ziffi'zg, :31? £33;

in season. 0. w. WAI’I‘E. Golileville. Michigan.





 





q NULE COMB BLACK MINORCAS—A few more

L- fine large cockerels. Satisfaction guaranteed.

Eggs 8% per 15. R. “I. MILLS. Saline. Michigan.





 





INGLE Comb Brown Leghorns—One of Michigan's



largest breeders of the Brown Beauty's winnin

at. the Ieadingshows. Send for catalog with prices on

photos of my birds. Box 324 1'). Charles Rufl. St. Clair. Mich.





 





EGGMAIIE are S- C- m: .2: ”fits





.





9%. r

per 100. WM. J. OOSBPER. Kilt. Pleasant. Michigan.





SILVER. GOLDEN and WHITE WYANDOTTES 100

White cockorels at B and 9 each. New circular.





after January 15th. C. W. Browning. Portland. Mich.





 





HOROUGHBBED S. 0. BROWN LEGHORNS—A

few cooker-ole at. $1.23 each. Eggs $1 per 15. $5 per 100.

LEWIS T. OPPENLANDER. R. No. 4. Lansing. Mich.





—Kulpa 242 e trai , r' 0



II. 0. Brown Leghorn: ........... mil. 3.... 5.2.3..

eggs $1.00 15; $3.“) 50. 8. Vi. HENSEL. Baal , Ohio.



—Farm raised. Healthy, good



all" “00* caskmls size. shape and color. From



$1.60 up. WILLIS S. MEADE. R. No. 3. Holly, Mich.





Big Business Barred Rocks





J. n. TAYLOR. Balding. Michigan.

Coonnn‘nts r191; SALE—Light Brahma wniee

E





 





otto & . 1’. Books good ones. also pullets.

1‘; yfi'ignop. noute 38. take Odessa. Michigan





 





Wyckoii and Blanchard $3.302: 810.33.;

Snised. Trap nested. heavy winter layers. go 100 .

10 $3. I!) $1. F. E. BOBTEDOR. Eaton Itan s. Mich.





 





' -Noted for their size. vigor and

While W’aIIIlOIIIS egg production. Send for cir-

cular. A. FRANK LIN SMITH. Ann Arbor. Mich.





DOGS.





TRAINED foxbounds and hound pups for hunting

for and ooons. no collies'. nolooo

zcent. stamp. W. E. LEOKY. Eolmosvillo. Ohio.





00 Warm w. J. 8088. Boob i

Y for those beautiful cable and whimlir&w& .





ot the finest breeding, end from nook notion.





/3 _





 





 





 





.

”we. - 1...»); M.«.n—*.J»‘ 4-. .. nm_ , .. tar-— .- 7-. .. .n. %

1





 





A”... ”W ‘-
_ . . u



w-u-r - Amer-filansv. mm- , ~. w; ..- w‘fl‘. -.~..fi

1

.





 





 





breed at a cost of from $2 to $3. I





 





 





MARCH 4, 1911. ,





hen upon the eggs and cover the nest

with another crate or .a. board. Some-

prefer getting the hen accustomed to the.

nest, before putting in the eggs but I do

not practice this.



I always leave the hen on nest two

days before allowing her to secure food

and drink. When letting her off I do not

permit her. to leavelthe building. If she

has not returned to the nest at the end

of half an hour I put her on and cover

nest as before. I have scarcely ever had

a. hen that did not go back at least the

second time. A number of hens can be

set in the building and when they have

become accustomed to their nests it is

little trouble to care for them. I keep

fresh water and plenty of grain in the

building, and provide a box of ashes in

which they may dust themselves. When

taking off the chicks I dust the hens

once more with insect powder.



Osceola Co. SUBSCRIBER.





   





ma AMic‘HioAN FARMER. ' as 255-

Letter from Customer Who Ordered

Direct From My Advertisement: ' ‘





J. V. Rohan. President Fifield. Wisconsin

fielle City Incubator Co., Racine. Wis.





You struck a good idea when you suggested in your advertisement that one could order an incu-

bator and brooder right from your advertisement without waiting to get your booklet and printed matter.

My wife sawut first. and as we were thinking of getting a machine we iust ordered from your ad. The

machine arrived and it looks fine. We're very much pleased with both the Incubator and Broader

and with the quick action you got on our order. Hugh Boyd.



Proprietor. Mason Lake Resort, Fifield. Wis.





Why not you? I guarantee to ship promptly every order received from this ad-

vertisement on day received. Or send for my booklet “Hatching F acts" telling

all about Belle City Incubators and Brooders and how it won World’s Cham-

pionship last season. Anyway read my remarkable offer below.





 





 





ESTIMATES 0N VALUE OF BEESIN

A FARMING COMMUNITY.





The Canadian Bee Journal copies some





interesting data from the Journal Agricole

Alsace-Loraine in regard to the value of

bees to farmers. This set me to figuring

and some surprising facts were brought

out. I could hardly believe the evidence

they gave when they said they were

worth $10 per colony to the farming com-

munity around them. But I figured it

out from the actual results and believed.

First, I will give a brief outline of the

figures as given by the journal referred

to. In Alsace-Loraine there were 86,580

colonies of bees. If each of these col-

onies sent out daily 10,000 bees, and

they made four trips each, it

aggregate 3,463,200,000 trips daily; in 100

days (the average number of days for

forage in a year) there would be made

346,320,000,000 trips. Suppose that each

bee visits, on each trip, 50 flowers, which

is a minimum number, the bees in Al—

sace—Loraine alone would visit annually

17,316,000,000,000 flowers. Supposing that

one out of ten of the flowers visited woulu

be fertilized through the bees’ agency.

1,731,600,000,000 flowers would be ferti-

lized. Then assuming that the gain





brought about by each 5,000 of fertiliza-i

tions amounts to one pfennig (about a_





quarter of a cent), the bees in Alsace-

Loraine would produce, one year with an-

other, a gain of 346,320,000 pfennig, or

3,463,200 marks (about $865,800). Each

colony then has an annual value of about





$10 on account with the culture of trees.





and plants. ‘

now let us figure it out in a manner more ‘

easily understood by those not acquainteo

with bees.



We will take the township I live in, for

instance. The average crops affected by

the bees are about as follows: Fruit,

10,000 bu., av. price 30c per bu., $3,000;

alsike clover seed, 200 bu., av. price, $8,

$1.600; buckwheat, 1,000 bu., av. price 600,

$600; cucumbers, 10,000 bu., av price 500,

$5,000; total, $10,200.



The total number of bees in this town-

ship is about 150 colonies. Allowing to

the wild bees half of the credit for the

fertilization of these crops, and giving

them the whole credit of all the smaller

items such as peas, beans, etc, and giv-

ing them all the credit for the red clo-

vers, we still have a credit to the tame‘

bees of $5,100, or $33.33 per colony.



As to the amount of crops raised, I be-

lieve I have been very conservative in

my estimates. 'lhree farms alone in the

township would produce half of the fruit

in an average season. One glance will

show that my estimate is not high on the

clover and buckwheat. As to the cucum-

bers, I took that from the record of the‘

number of acres put out and the average

yield per acre as given by the raisers.~

farmers, encourage the bee men, for they,

are worth more to their neighbors than

to themselves. ‘



Mecosta Co. L. C. WHEELER. }



It is worse than folly to breed the av—i

erage farm flock to a scrub cock. With‘

a small flock of 15 hens, which should

raise, during the season, 100 chickens

easily, the use of a full-blood cock of

some large or general—purpose breed will

add 100 lbs. to those 100 chickens, if al-

lowed to grow to maturity. The extra

100 lbs. of flesh will be laid on without

any additional cost of feeding, for a scrub

chicken eats as much as a pure-bred one.

Then in the fall there will be an oppor-

tunity to pick out a flock of fine half-‘

blooded chickens. All this gain and im-

provement can be realized by the pur-v

chase of a single rooster of some good‘





 





would ;





ghouse nearest you or Racine.)

This looks pretty big, doesn’t it, buti





i—best regulator-deep, roomy nursery—strong





J. V. Rohan. President

5 5 Buys the





Best 1 40'Egg

Incubator Eve”





 





Made





$4.85 Buys the Best Brooder





Both Incubator and Broader, Ordered Together Cost You Only $11.50-Freight Prepaid





HY PAY MORE? Investigate—

send your name and address to-

day, the easiest way, by postal



or letter. I tell you the prices right here

——and how my machines are made. You

can have ninety days’ trial on both

incubator and breeder—and I’ll send all

money back if they do not do all I

represent.



Be sure to send for my illustrated,

free booklet,“Hatching Facts.” But, if

in a hurry, you are perfectly safe in

?ordering right now from this ad.

IThousands do this way every year.

guarantee to ship all orders sent from

this ad on day received—(from ware-





   





We Ship Quick From

Buffalo, Kansas City,





St. Paul or Racine





   





N o disappointments. Order a Com-

plete I40-Chick Belle City Hatching

Outfit. Send only $11.50 for both

Incubator and Breeder—freight prepaid

(East of Rockies). You’ll surely need

the brooder, too. So make the savings.

Satisfaction Guaranteed or money





back. N 0 risk, however you order .

World’s Champion





Belle City Incubator and Broader





egg tray—high legs~—doub1e door—and everything

that’s any good on an incubator—all in the Belle

City. “Tycos” thermometer—egg tester—burner

and safety lamp included. The Belle City Broader

is the only one having double walls and dead air

spaces. I guarantee it to raise more healthy chicks

than any other brooder made. Hot-water top heat

—large, roomy, wire runway yard, with platform

-meta1 safety lamp and burner





Complete Hatching Outfit Only 5 I I5_0





Over 75,000 machines in use—all doing perfect





 





- 140-Egg Belle City

Incubator Only $755





Freight Prepaid East of Rockies





 

   





i

a





The editor of this paper knows me to be

responsible—I’ve advertised in this paper for

many years and treat my customers liberally.

I’ve always given my customers more for their

money than any other incubator manufacturer in

the world; that’s why we do so much busiriess.



Belle City Incubators will hatch more chickens

--'under the same conditions—than any other

incubator made, or your money will be refunded.

This I guarantee. Double walls— dead air Space

all over—copper tank and boiler—hot water heater





   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





   





. . _ , p , work. The Belle City should be your choice.

bio-Chick Belle g ' j g - '- 3 H . Send your order now or send a postal card

City Breeder - ‘ ’ ’ for “Hatching Facts” booklet and full par-

ONLY ticulars. Don’t pay more than my price.





$ No machines, at any price, are better

4.85 hatchers or brooders.

Mrs. M. J. Clifton, of Quinlan. Oklahoma.

won the World's Championship with her

Belle City Incubator by hatching the

highest perfect score in Successful Fa rmz‘ng's

1010 prize contest of I88 entries—140egg size

140 eggs sot—140 chicks hatched. This was

1005?: perfect on the full capacity of the

Belle City. Many other incubators selling

at from 2 to 5 times the low price of the

Belle City did not equal or even approach

this performance. Thousands of. testimonials



showyou Belle City can do best for you also.





J. V. Rohan, President





Belle City Incubator Co., Box 14, Racine,Wis.
256 (1o) , ‘ _

The Michigan ' Farmer





ESTABLISHED l 843.





THE LAWRENCE PUBLISHING .C0.,

' muons AND momr'rons.





39 to 45 Congress Street West. Detroit. Ilchlgsn.

TELEPHONE Mm 455.





:lnw You OFFICE—41 Park

“memo Osman—000 Nat' 1. Bank Buildin.

=inhuman) Omc cn— 11-015 OregonA .N.



RAND Ramps Orrrou—G M New HawkinslBuilding.





M J. LAWRENCE” ....................... ....President.

.L. AWR E. .... .. .. I.............Vice-President.

E. E. ROUGHTON ...... .. ................Seo -.Tress





.Bfi WATEBBURY. u}





9...





 





 





 





 





 





.E





 





ng

3

a





Amclste





TYWEB Editors.





URT

ALTA LAWSMON TLITTELLu

E. H. HOUGHTONuu ......Businesa Manager

TERMS OF WWI“:





Five Years no “:3... $2.75





Three Years, 156 adamann



One You, $2 on Mold-u



Six months. It so as. post’s“ .......................... ...“c

Canadian subscriptions 50 cents a your extra for postage.





 





 





 





 





Always send money by draft. postoillce money order.

registered letter or by or press. We will not be re-

sponsible for mono 3' cent ing otters. Address all oom-

munications to. an make all drafts. checks and post-

oflioe orders payable to. the Lawrence Publishing 00.





RATES OF ADVERTISING:



40 cents perllne agate measurement or $5. 60 per

inch. each insertion. with reasonable discount on

orders amou ting to :24 or over. No adv' t inserted

for less than 20 per insertion.



No lottery);1 qgack doctor or swindling adver-

tisements insert a anypric



Entered as second class matter at the Detroit. Michi-

gan postomoe.





 





 





COPYRIGHT I9II



by the Lawrence Pub 00. All persons are warned

ainst reprinting any portion of the contents of



fits issue without our written permission.





 





 





 





WE GUARANTEE to stop THE

MICHIGAN FARMER immediately

upon expiration of time subscribed

for, and we will pay all expenses for

defending any suit, brought against

any subscriber to The Michigan

Farmer‘ by the publisher of any farm

paper,- -whlch has been sent after the

time ordered has expired, prevlding

due notice ls sent to us, before suit

is started.



Avoid further trouble by refusing

to subscribe for any farm paper

Which does not print, in each issue,

a definite guarantee to stop on explro

ation of subscription.



The Lawrence Pub. Co.,



DetrOit. Mich.





DETROIT, MARCR 4. I911.





 





 





 





 





 





CURRENT COMMENT.





 





BY the time this

comment is read

by the subscriber

the fate of the reciprocity agreement with

Canada. so far as the present congress is

concerned, will have been decided. The

present. indications are that the senate

will not get to it at this session. At this

writing the Lorimer case is occupying the

attention of the senate and it is generally

conceded that the matter of the eligibility

of Senator Lorimer to his seat in the

senate will be pushed to a final vote dur-

ing the remaining days of the session.

'How much time will thus be occupied it

is impossible to say. There are, however,

several other important matters before

the senate, aside from the reciprocity

agreement, including the resolution for

the submission of an amendment to the

federal constitution providing for the

direct election of United States senators

by the people of the various states as

well as the general pension bill and nu-

merous appropriation bills, among which

is the post office appropriation bill which

carries an amendment providing for an

increase in the postal rate on second class

matter. These important propositions

are all bound to provoke prolonged de-

bate in the senate, and it is hardly con-

ceivable that they will all be finally dis-

posed of during the four days of the ses-

sion which remain at this writing. L'nder

these conditions it is rather improbable

that the senate will pass the McCall bill

which provides for the putting of the

wanadian agreement into effect, especially

in view of the opposition which has de-

velOpcd against the agreement from the

agricultural sections of the country, and

the known attitude of many of the senate

leaders on the proposition.



In this event, there is no doubt that

President Taft will carry out his threat

of assembling the new congress in spec-

ial session some time in April for the

consideration of this proposition. This

will mean the general revision of the tar-

iff schedules involved by a democratic

house, a prolonged discussion of the de-

tails of the amended bill in the senate

and probably a.bitterly contested com—

promise in the end, unless the agricul-

tural interests of the country are able to

bring sufficient pressure to bear on the

senate to prevent the passage of the

measure at all.



Thus, while the time for effective pro-





Reciprocity Prospects.





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER .. ‘





test has passed so far as the present cone

grass is concerned, it is probable that

'such work will need to be done over

again, and more thoroughly. too, if the

proposition is finally defeated. Of course,

there is still the possibility that the

agreement will be ratified by the senate

before the close of the present session,

in which case no opportunity for further

protests will be presented. But in case





our forecast of the situation should prove-





to be correct, every interested reader

should at once begin to bring such pres-

sure as he may be able to marshall upon

Senators Smith and Townsend. who will

represent Michigan in the upper house of

the next congress. since there will be no

hope of successful influence with the low-

er house.





The action of the Inter«

Railway Rate state Commerce Commis-

Regulation. sion, made public last



week, in which that body

refused to allow the railroads of the

country to increase their freight rates in

accordance with proposed tariffs filed

with the commission some months ago,

has caused not a little commotion in the

transportation and business world. The

heads of the great railroad systems of the

country are giving out pessimistic inter—

views in which the increased cost of ma.-

terials and labor in recent years are giv-

en prominent mention and in which the

assertion is freely made that without a.

commensurate increase in freight rates

the railroads will have no alternative ex-

cept to cut expenses, including the item

of wages and those of needed exten-

sions and added equipment to care for

the business of the country. It is pointed

out that this cannot but have a deleteri-

ous effect upon the business of the coun-

try, and that the decision will react to

the economic woe of the business interests

of the whole country. Wall street bears

immediately siezed on the event as a.

means to the end of forcing down stocks,

and the shrinkage in values during the

days following the announcement aggre-

gated a huge sum which it is pointed out

by the class of economists above men-

tioned will fall most heavily upon a hoard

of small investors throughout the coun-

try.



On the other hand, the shippers and

mercantile interests of the country are

jubilant over the victorious opposition

which they have waged against the pro-

posed increase in freight rates, and the

stimulating effect which the decision will

have upon general trade conditions. Their

point of view seems to be shared by the

great commercial agencies of the country

to a considerable extent and Dunn &

Co’s weekly review of trade conditions

prophesies a beneficial effect upon trade

conditions from this decision which re-





moved the uncertainty which has con--





fronted shippers as to the proposed in-

crease in freight rates since the increased

tariffs were filed with the commission in

the spring of 1910. As further tending to

support this optimistic view it is also

pertinent to mention the opinion of dis-

interested economists of note who. while

conceding the advance in the cost of la—

bor and materials used by the transporta-

tion companies cite the added advantages

of more business and a. denser population

in the territory served by the railroads,

and quote figures which show that while

the expenses of operating railroads have

increased by a large percentage in the

last decade. their receipts have increased

to a corrsponding degree. which has re-

sulted in an increased prosperity shown

by a large increase in the total dividends

paid to stockholders.





l‘ndoubtedly it may be shown that some

of the smaller or less fortunately located

roads will find this decision a real hard-

ship, yet that it has been shown that tire

railroads of the country will not be seri

iously handicapped by the continuance of

the present rates is proven by the deci-

sion rendered by the commission. The

economic question involved in this con-

troversy is one that can be intelligently

decided only by experts, and it is reason-

able to assume that the commission has

had at its command the best expert coun-

sel obtainable on the fine points of rail-

road economy involved. and that this de-

cision has been reached only after a fair

and impartial consideration of the evi—

dence collected during the many months

which have elapsed since this important

matter has been under consideration.

This being true the sympathy so gratui-

tously extended to the railroad investor

and the pessimistic prophesies regarding

the effect of this decision on the country

at large which is being indulged in by at

least a portion of our metropolitan press

seems decidedly out of place. So far as





the effect upon'— the Owners of railroad

stocks which new been purchased as an

investment is concerned it would seem

that ,no injustice has been done,'since

rates have been decreased in no case.

The rates which will remain in force un-

der this ruling are the same which have

prevailed during the period in which the

railroad properties of the country have

been built up to their present value, and

upon which, as a whole. it has been dem-

onstrated that they could pay legitimate

dividends on a. capitalization which, in

the aggregate, is generally conceded to

be sufficiently high. So far as the specu-

lative investor in stocks is concerned it is

safe to say that he merits no more sym-

pathy than he -will get.



So, while the able counsel and the offi-

cial heads of tne railways of the country}

are engaged in the consideration of ways

and means to combat or evade the effect

of this adverse decision, the reader’s in-

terest need not go further than the gen-

eral effect of the decision upon the pro-

ducers and consumers of the country.

Both will concede that the present cost

of distribution is sufficiently high. The

producer now gets too small a share of

the consumer’s dollar. It is gratifying

to be once more assured that our

system of government regulation is efil-

cient in the just protection of the inter-

ests of both producers and consumers

ragainst injustice at the hands of the

transportation interests. But the cost oi

transportation is at present but a com-

paratively small fraction of the cost of

distribution, and while the government

is looking after the interest of both pro-

ducers and consumers in regulating

transportation cost, both of these great

classes should be doing something for

themselves toward reducing the cost of

distribution, to the end that the producer

may get a more fair share of the con-

sumer's dollar and that the consumer's

dollar may at the same time go further

in the purchase of necessities than it does

at the present time. This can only be

done through organization, and as a.

starter the producers of foodstuffs can do

no better than to organize along the line

of community production, which form of

organization has been persistently advo-

cate? through these columns.





In another column of

Accounting and this issue appears an

Cost Systems. article on the subject



of farm accounting

which should be carefully read by every

subscriber. Enough matter relating to

this subject has been printed in our col-

umns to make a. good-sized volume, yet

probably comparatively few farmers

among our readers keep any comprehen-

sive system of accounts, and most of

those who do confine their accounting

system to a record of the cash receipts

and expenditures and perhaps the taking

of an inventory which will provide them

with a basis for determining whether

their business as a whole has been con-

ducted at a gain or a loss during the

year. \Vliile this is far more satisfactory

than keeping no accounts at all, it falls

far short of what is to be desired in the

way of a system of farm accounting,

since farming is a business made up 01

so many different branches or depart-

ments that the best results can not be

attained without a more detailed knowl—

edge of the piofit made or loss sustained

in any separate deuaitment of the busi-

ness.



Most busy farmers feel that they al-

ready have enough to do without bother-

ing with a complicated system of book-

keeping, and many feel that they could

not successfully keep a complicated ssfic

of books. But this should not deter any

from the keeping of at least a rough cost

account with the various departments of

their business such as is outlined in the

article mentioned. It certainly would not

be a great task to have a page in an ac-

count book for each crop grown and enter

the cost of ouch item of work done in the

field during the season, including a proper

charge for teams and tools which would

take care of depreciation as well as in-

terest on the investment and cost of

keeping and storage. Then, at the end

of the season. if a proper charge is made

for the farmer’s own time. it will be pos-

sible to make an accurate estimate of

the cost of growing the different crops.

In like manner accounts kept with the

dairy herd. the sheep, the feeding cattle

or the hogs would tell us the approximate

cost of production, which is surely an

important item in determining the profit

or loss at which a crop is grown or an

animal product produced. And this in-

formation is vital to the most successful

conduct of a farm. This being the case,

every reader should seriously consider





 





The season of the year is class: at hand





When an inventory of the personal prbp-'





erty on the farm can be most easily tak-

en. The spring of the year is also the

best time for the beginning of the fiscal

Year on the farm, the bulk of the pro-

ducts for the season are grown and placed

on the market during the twelve months

following the opening of the active spring

campaign. There is no better time to

start in with an adequate system of farm

accOunting than the present. It need not

be elaborate at the start, and can be

made more comprehensive as experience

seems to dictate.

start ‘in this direction, since, when once

started, the benefits derived will become

so apparent that the habit will grow and

the methods used made more compre-

hensive in a majority of cases. It is the

only means to the endhof knowing what it

costs us to produce the different products

which we are engaged in growing, sup-

posedly for profit.





HAPPENINGS OF THE‘ WEEK.





 





National.





President Taft sent the constitution

adopted by the people of New Mexico to

congress with a message urging its adop-

tion.



Fifteen bodies have been taken from

the Belmont mine near Tonopah, Col-

orado. It is believed that other bodies

will be found.



The United States senate last Friday

ratified the new treaty with Japan. It is

likely that the prompt acceptance of the

conditions of the proposed treaty by this

country will go far in nullifying any





opinion in Japan that there was a lack ,





of confidence on this side in her as a na-

tion and will pave the way for continued

friendly relations. Western senators be-

lieve the new convention will not further

aggravate laboring conditions there.



Chicago held her first direct primary

elections for the selection of mayoralty

candidates Tuesday.



t is reported that 16 cases of bubonic

plague has appeared in Spokane, Wash.

Of the number, three have died and 0th

ers are very low.



The Indiana house of representatives

defeated a bill extending the privilege of

franchise to women by a vote of 41 to 48.



The prosecutions by the federal govern-

ment of the so-called ,“bath tub" trust

and the Detroit Alaska. Coal Company

for alleged combinations of capital is be-

ing continued at Detroit this week.



A “federal automobile act” is now be—

fore congress. The act provides for the

licensing of automobiles by the federal

government and thereby doing away with

state licenses.



The interstate commerce commission

has denied to trunk line railroads an in-

crease in freight rates. Counsel for the

companies have not decided whether the

fight will be continued or not.



The Michigan railway commission has

allowed the issue of bonds by the Detroit

United Railways to the amount of $1,“.

078.000.



Much excitement has been caused

among the larger cities of the state in

the passage by the state senate of a

measure which, if it becomes law, will

make cities liable for any damages on

account of grade separations whether the

property affected is abutting the grade

or is on a street affected thereby.



An opinion by the attorney general gives

the state legislature no right to interfere

with the control of state institutions un-

der the supervision of constitutional

boards. The opinion was the result of

inquiry into the legality of the attempt

to increase the tuition fees in connection

with the Michigan Agricultural College.



The method of computing rates has

been asked by the Michigan railway com-

misison in controversies now pending and

the attorney general has declared that in

all cases the computation should be based

upon the mileage on which regular pas-

senger service is maintained. This de-

cision is favorable to the state.



The trade agreement with Canada will

not be passed by the present congress.

President Taft has abandoned hope of

getting the measure through and will call

a. special session for its considera-

tion. The Ottawa senate has postponed

consideration till the eight of March,

thus delaying the passage by the Cana-

dian parliament, which will be made in

as much as the measure is 'an adminis-

tration one, till after the limitation of the

constitutional existence of-the present

American congress.





During the last week of the present'





congress sessions will be continued into

the night in order to complete the program

laid out. Because of the change of the

character of the house after March 4.

many desire to see certain impending

measures passed now.





Foreign



As the result of a train leaving the track

and plunging into a. ravine in the copper

mine section of the district of O’Higgins,

Chile, 18 persons were killed and 72 in-

jured.



Sixty persons were killed at Aibge, Rus-

sia, by an avalanche striking a school

building when school was in «session.



Another field of ice supporting 500 fish~

ermen, broke loose in the Gulf of Fin-

land, Russia, and drifted out into the

open water.



On account of the trouble with students

at the University of Moscow, Russia, 21

members of the faculty and 68 members

of the sub— faculty have resigned.



General Bonilla, the leader of the revo-

lutionary movement in Honduras. has



~ (Continued on page 269).





W 1.111:

the problem from a. business standpoint ,





The main thing is to ~





 

   

   





 





 





l-
‘9





 





 





 





._ / _





 





, r i

LITERATURE

POETRY

HISTORY an?





INFORMATION





 





 





 





 





 





77w FARM BOY

an? GIRL



SCIENTIFIC an?



MECHANICAL





 





 





 





 





 





This Magazine Section forms a part of our paper twice a month. Every article is written especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere





THE SILENT SOLDIER—BY EDGAR WHITE





URING the early days of the Civil

war there were three important

army posts in northern Missouri——

at Macon, Shelbina and Palmyra. Of

these Mecon was the largest, as it was at

the junction of two important railroads,

the North Missouri and the Hannibal &

St. Joseph. Frequently there were as

many as 7,000 federal troops quartered

there. Both Macon and Palmyra had

large federal prisons for those charged

'with disloyalty. General Lewis Merrill

was in command of the department at

Macon. General John McNeil was in

charge at Plymyra. The smallest post of

the three, Shelbina, was under the con—

trol of Colonel U. S. Grant.

A great deal was in the newspapers

concerning operations at Macon and Pal-





 





but courteous words he invited us into his

tent. While there we were served with

dinner—camp rations, but good. Colonel

Grant, in few words, explained to us that

he was not there to make war on the

people, and that he didn't consider it his

business to arrest citizens merely because

they were supposed to sympathize with

the south. He had married a southern

girl, and his feelings toward the other

side were kind. His mission there was to

protect the railroad bridge over Salt river

from the attacks of bushwhackers and out-

laws, and to suppress riots and troubles

of any kind.



“As he talked on in his quiet, consid—

erate way we felt ourselves inexplicably

drawn toward this ‘enemy,’ of ours, and

we felt a distinct sense of relief to have





 





 





Photo of Business Card Now in Mrs. BOgg’s Possession.





myra.; very little about Shelbina. The

Harris House—the military prison—at

Macon was full of those suspected of dis-

loyalty, and executions were imminent.

The same was true about Palmyra. The

commanders at both those places had ten

men shot, after brief trials by a military

court. The silent colonel over'at Shel-

bina. had nobody arrested, and ordered no

executions. Yet there was stronger south-

ern sentiment in his community than at

llacon. Everybody, in the early days of

the war, talked much of Generals McNeil

and Merrill. jrut few knew of or/ dis-

cussed the plain, cigar—smoking soldier

who, with his regiment was guarding the

Salt River bridge at Shelbina. The two

Union generals on either side of him were

large, powerful men. given to sharp, ab-

rupt commands and the rigid enforcement

(if discipline. upon soldiers and civilians.

They created a panic among the inhabit—

ants, making their rigorous rules obeyed

with fear and trembling.



“’hen the southerners about Shelbina

heard “the Yankees were coming” many

of them took to tall timber. They knew

of the reigns of terror on either side, and

dreaded the sound of military domination.



Colonel Grant got word to the exiles

that he wouldn’t eat ’em, and for them to

come back home and visit his camp. Cau—

tiously, one by one, they ventured in,

saw no leveled guns, and breathed easier.

John V. Cox, a pronounced southerner,

had fled with his family to Florida, a

mountain town in eastern Monroe county

which in 1830 was a French settlement;

later it became distinguished as the birth-

place of “Mark Twain.”



Mr. Cox was the first to return and to

accept Colonel Grant’s invitation to visit

his camp on Salt river. An orderly es—

corted Mr. Cox and h?s family into the

presence of the commander.



“We met a quiet, plainly-dressed man,

smoking a. cigar,” said Mr. Cox. “In ,brief





such a man near us, because the times

were troublous, and, after hearing him,

we knew that he would exert his utmost

to enforce order.”



From that time on Colonel Grant and

his soldiers excited no mOre apprehension

than would a camp of argonauts, peace-

fully journeying toward the west. The

federal camp became very popular. Citi—

zens, without regard to politics, visited it

every day and became well acquainted

with the soldiers. Colonel Grant and his

officers were often the guests of some

family in town, and it made no difference

whether their hosts were on the Union

or Confederate side of the fence. The

quiet soldier rarely discussed politics. He

seemed to be more concerned in crops,





horseflesh and breeding of stock. On one

occasion someone spoke of a reverse the

Union arms had met with in Virginia, and

asked Colonel Grunt if he didn't think the

Union commander had made a big blun-

der.



"I don‘t know the conditions." replied

Colonel Grant; “perhaps he did the best

he could.”



Strung out along the Hannibal and St.

Joe road, between the Mississippi and

Missouri rivers, were 13 block houses of

the type. used in Indian warfare. Each

of these primitive constructions was at

the crossing of a large stream, where a

bridge was necessary. From the start of

the war the bushwhackcrs had been in

the habit of burning or cutting the

l_)ridgcs. The greatest disaster ever oc—

curring on the road was caused by the

bushwhackers firing a Hannibal and St.

Joseph bridge in the western part of the

state. To keep the road open for military

service the government was compelled to

build block houses at all the large bridges

and garrison them with a strong body of

soldiers. It was in conformity to this

system that Colonel Grant and his men

were ordered to the Salt river bridge. near

Shelbina.



Colonel Tom Harris commanded a pret-

ty Strong force of Confederates, and they

roved about Northern Missouri :1 great

deal, achieving a reputation for swil‘i ri-l-

ing and hard fighting. “Mark 'J‘vxain”

was a soldier under Harris for a week or

so, and then resigned. Colonel Grant was

ordered to attack l—larris. It is related

that this early episode of the Civil war

taught Colonel Grant 21 military maxim

which he afterwards followed with good

effect. Harris was reported to have a

much larger command than ’lrant; his

men were well armed and had plenty of

ammunition. It was said they loved to

fight better than to eat. Grant himself

confessed he felt some, trepidation as he

approached the enemy‘s camp, but he

kept it to himself. l'p the hill the Union

boys went bravely enough. the commander

at the head. From the crest they looked

down into the valley, and saw only smoul-

dering camp firts: the enemy had ske-

daddled to live and fight another day.



“That aught me.“ said Grunt. smiling.

“that the enemy Was as likely to be as

much afraid of me as 1 was of him.”



There lives in Macon a pleasant old

lady—now Stu—whose husband was a bus-

iness partner of irant's for a year just

previous to the Mg war. Grant had re—

cently married the daughter of a well-

known southern family. and was anxious





to do something by which he could make

more money than his army position—he

was a captain then—paid him. Harry

Boggs had long been his close friend, and

he suggested that Grant Join him in the

real estate business. Grant agreed, and

during Mr. Boggs’ absence from the city

on business (.‘Jrant had the card illustrated»

On this page printed.



Mrs. Louisa Boggs, wife of Harry Boggs,

was a cousin of Grant’s, two years young—





 





 





 





Mrs. Louisa 80995.





or than he, and always his good friend

an advisor. The other day, while seated

in a large arm chair in hcr handsome

home on JaekSon boulevard, she related

a. few incidents that occurred while she

was caring for General and Mrs. Grant’s

children, during the war.



”VVe resided on 15th street, between

Clark avenue and Market street, St.

Louis,” said Mrs. Boggs. “At that time

15th street was considered out in the su-

burbs. Now it is in the heart of the fac-

tory and business district. Mrs. Grant

was forced by the exigencies of the war

to travel about a great deal so as to be

with her husband. and they left the three

older childrenhFrcd, Ulysses and Nellie—

in my care. As opportunity offered. Gen-

era] and Mrs. Grant would come to St.

Louis to see the children and us—Mr.

Bogus and myself. Our place was really





 





 





 





Block HOuse on the Hannlbal and St. Joseph Road In Missouri.
i

I

i

i





_. N _

258 (18)





their home during the war, if they had

any home then.



“Julia Dent, the General’s wife, was a.

southern girl, you know. Her family

lived just west of Jefferson Barracks,

south of St. Louis, and while stationed

there Lieutenant Grant met and fell in

love with her. Julia had a girlhood friend

whom I will call Mittie. They grew up

together, warm-hearted and loving. Their

tastes, accomplishments and ambitions

were much alike. Both married soldiers.

Mittie's husband cast his fortunes with

the south, and rose to the rank of Gen—

eral. When the southern cross began to

go down before the far-reaching sweep

of} the northern armies, Mittle received

the news that her husband had been

wounded. She was wild to go to him,

but the cordon was drawn tight around

Dixieland; it was hard to get through.

Learning that Mrs. Grant was at our

hOUSe in St. Louis, the wife of the south-

ern soldier hastened there to implore her

girlhood friend to do what she could to

get her through. The wife of a soldier

herself, Mrs. Grant understood to the

depth of her kind, sympathetic soul the

terrible anxiety of her friend. but even

she was unable to find the way. By-rare

good fortune, however, General Grant

came to St. Louis about that time. He

listened quietly while the distraught young

woman told of her message from the

south, and of how imperative it was that

she should reach her husband‘s side at

once, be the danger what it may.





“You can imagine what such a plea

meant to a soldier like Grant. To him

the woman in the hospital, on the field

where the battle had been, was as a saint,

as resplendent as an angel. His eyes

glistened as he sat down at a table and

picked up a pen. He wrote her an order

that would carry her through the lines

with as great deference as would have

been shewn the president. Not only that

but he gave her a great roll of Confed-

erate money—the sort used in the south.



“ ‘Take this,’ 'he said, briefly: ‘I hope

you’ll find General getting along

all right,” and then he left the room.



“At some time following the siege and

surrender of Vicksburg, General Grant

found time to pay a visit to St. Louis to

see his children. A little theatre party

was formed of the General, Mrs. Boggs

and the three children. They rode dowu

town in a horse car and quietly entered

the theatre, making their way to the box

which had been reserved for them.



“While we were sitting there someone

remarked in an audible tone. ’General

Grant is up there in that box!’ " said Mrs.

Boggs. “The word was whispered from

mouth to mouth in the theatre and soon

'there arosea spontaneOus cry: ‘Grant!

Grant! Speech! Speechl'



“The General moved his ch:1ir further

back and seemed annoyed. But the clamor

increased to such enthusiastic proportions

that I spoke to him and rather insisted

that some acknowledgement was due. Af—

ter a little further hesitation he slowly

arose and moved to the box railing. stood

there a moment and then said: ‘Good

evening. I thank you.’



“That was the extent of General'Grant’s

speech and it was as long as any I ever

heard him make. He resumed his seat

and sat there quietly during the rest of

the performance. One couldn't help but

think what the average county candidate

for office might have done with such a

gloriuos opportunity to honor himself In

a speech. W'ith General Grant speech

making was an ordeal, but work was as

the breath of life to him.





“As we went out of the theatre it was

the intention to take the horse car and

return the same way we came, but the

crowd had become so enormous. when it

was learned that General Grant was there.

that the General, in order to get ihrmrgh

it, engaged a cabman to take us home.





 





“I received a number of letter from the

General during the war. They discussed

in a loving way his wife, children and his

friends in St. Louis. He never went into

detail concerning the great work in which

he was engaged. For all an outsider

might know he was quietly working out

some ordinary business matter. In one

of his letters to me, he closed by remark-

ing that he had a ‘big contract on hand,’

and was looking forward with pleasure to

the family reunion when he got through.

The ‘big contract’ was the annihilation of

Lee’s army. The letter was written dur-

ing the terrible campaign in the wilder-

ness. ‘



“General Gran’t letters were in harmony

with his social life. When he was home

on a visit he rarely discussed the tremen-

dous problems that were confronting him.

He took the greatest interest in the chil-





”Hugh! 3-}:





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





dren, and would devote most of his time

to discussing with them how. they were

getting along in school. and other mat-

ters connected With their progress. Of

course, there were during these times

great numbers of visitors constantly call-

ing to see him, but I rather think these

visits bored him. Not far from our house

was a large, rather imposing three-story

building. Most people who came out in

search of General Grant would select that

at a venture, because it was much larger

than our house. The lady, a Mrs. Tay-

lor. over there told me one day that she

had a good mind to put up a sign some-

thing like this: ‘General Grant doesn’t

stop here.’



“A regiment of soldiers marched along

15th street one hot, dusty day, their bay-

onets glistening in the sunlight, and mak-

ing a fine appearance. Fred, then a boy

of 14, and keenly interested in all mili-

tary matters. was in the front yard as

the soldiers went by. One of them stopped

and asked if they might} have a drink of





.water. Fred instantly rushed into the





house, seized buckets and cups, went to

the well and pumped the water for the

thirsty soldiers. He mixed with the

troopers, handing them cups and refilling

them. They thanked him and resumed

their march. When Fred came into the

house I asked him if he had told the sol-

diers that he was General Grant's son.





“ ‘Why. no, Cousin Louisa,’ he said,

'I wouldn’t do that.’



“Fred was just like ‘his father in re-

spect to his modesty. He was a thought-

ful, serious boy and very sensible.





“General Grant never told any of us

what he hoped to do, not even when his

greatest campaigns were under way. We

gathered our war news from the papers,

not from what he told us. I do not. recall

that he was ever visited while in our

house at St. Louis by a. newspaper re-



porter, requesting an interview He may





s...





have talked with some newspaper men,





but doubtless they got very. little from_





himif he did. He' was: one of the Closest

men concerning the War that you could

imagine. You mustn't get an idea that

General Grant was .morose in those days.

He was kind and courteous to all, and

enjoyed social intercourse with friends in

his quiet way. I never heard him use an

oath or slangy expression, nor have I

heard men who knew him say he did.



“If there was any particular subject

upon which General Grant could have

been said to be deeply interested aside

from his military career, it was his fam-

ily. His tastes Were of a domestic na-

ture; he loved home, and the quietude of

country life. While the correspondents at

the front were writing graphic letters of

what Grant and the Army of the Potomac

were doing, General Grant himself was

writing this sort of letters to me:

“Headquarters Armies of the United



Sgtates, Culpepper C. H., Va., Apl. 24,



1 64.



“Dear Cousinz—Julia has gone to New

York City and will probably remain a

couple of weeks before going to St. Louis.

In the meantime I shall not hear from

the children unless they write to me

direct. I wish you wouldurge them all

to join in, letters to me every week. I

feel anxious to hear from them always

and then it improves them quite as much

to write letters as to study their lessons.

How do Buck and Nellie progress in their

German? I hope they will place me in

their debt. the fine gold watches 1 prom-

ised when they learned to speak the lan-

guage.



“Jess has cut his eye teeth mingling

with VVashing‘ton society. He has become

very independent and a great favorite

with both ladies and gentlemen at Wil-

lard's hotel. He is still very anxious to

get back to St. Louis to go to school.



“Kiss all the children for me, and the

young ladies too. if you like. I should

like to see you all veiy much but I have

a big contract on hand to complete before

I can expect to indulge in any such

pleasure.



“Please write to me yourself also.



“Yours truly, S. GRANT."





 





 





an? SUSAN





 





 





THE GATES OF BAKAPPLEIN





B y ELIZABETH ann'r'r BROWN

Y anrz'r'r HOWE.





 





 





Chapter XV.—Ned's New Frlend.



The fever which had gripped Ned's

Vitals with such terrible force ran its

course in a little more than a week, leav-

ing him alive, to the great surprise of the

physician and nurse. They could hardly

realize that he would live, even when,

with unremitting care they rallied him

from one sinking spell after another; but

live he did, much to his own disgust

when, after a few days, he rallied suffi-

ciently to learn that he was a vagrant in

a county jail.



The past two weeks had been a terrible

blank to him; about the last thing his

mind retained was the finding of the three

cents, and he had a vague.impresslon

of having written to Merle, but he could

not be sure that he had done so; but as

strength began to return to his wasted

body the desire of again seeing her re-

turned with full force and as soon as the

physician gave consent, which was over

live weeks .from the time he was taken

there, he started one balmy November

morning towards home.



During his convalescence he had had

plenty of time to think, and as his mood

was one of extreme morbidness he had

not confided to any one any more about

himself than he possibly could avoid. His

name he learned had been entered as

"Jed Naxson” and he did not change it.

He wondered, if in his delirious condition

the day of his arrest,'he had himself

twisted his name, but it did not matter.

He was glad it was changed as it would

serve as a blind in case King should try

to trace his whereabouts as he would not

he likely to confound the vagrant “Jed

Naxson" with Ned Jackson, and he half

resolved to adopt ‘Naxson' as his patro-

nymic until he could live up to the name

of Jackson again.



That he did not have one cent of money

did not trouble him; that he was so thin

that his clothes hung on him like bags on

a pole did not worry him either; little

things like not knowing where he was to

sleep or what he was to_ eat had long ago

ceased to worry him much. He had set

his face eastward, and there he was go-

ing. even if he saw not a cent of money

enroute The Jackson determination was

uppermost in his mind then and he would

do what he had willed to do, or die.



The cook, a good natured colored man.

had been sorry for the taciturn young

fellow who had been so near to the Bor-

derland. With the quick discernment of

his race he had seen that he.was not

like the rest of the inmates of the jail;





he knew him for “quality," and during his

convalescence he had exerted himself in

preparing extra delicacies for him out of

his own purse so that ‘he would gain

quicker, and when Ned went away he

bestowed upon him a generous lunch suf-

ficient to last him, with care, two days.

The tears started to Ned’s eyes at this

kindness. “If I ever can repay you,

Mose, I will,” he said brokenly.





The man grinned delightedly. “Your

t'anks are enuft‘, sah." he said, “now, if

a dollah would help you,” he put his hand

in his pocket and pulled out a wallet, but

Ned refused it. “No," he cried impul—

sively. “ You have done enough. I will

get along some way, but if all goes well

you will hear from me if I live to get

home." Then, fearing that he would

break down if he waited longer, he hur-

ried away.



He walked ten miles the first day. He

could keep track of his travels, for in that

country the roads are laid out in the form

of a square with :1, four corners at every

mile. He made long rests and when night

came he'wns not exhausted. His thin,

worn face appealed to a kind-hearted

farmer who generously gave him lodging

and board until the next morning, al-

though ch told him he had no money

when he asked permission to stay. The

kindness they showed him did him good,

so, still carrying the greater-part of his

lunch he covered fifteen miles the second

day and again was fortunate enough to

find a place to sleep the second night.





The third d 1y his lunch was gone and

he did not fare so well. At the place

where he applied for lodging he was re-

fused abruptly, and as he had walked

twenty miles that day he was very tired.

Crawling into a barn. he slept soundly,

and though faint with hunger, he was re-

freshed sufficiently to start out on his

fourth day’s tramping towards the east.

A kind woman gave him breakfast. but

at noon he was refused. His way led him

through a sparsely settled region and

when the afternoon sun was low he was

still a long distance from a house or any

sign of human habitation. He was won-

dering hungrily what he was to do for

supper and a bed when he heard the

fresh, clear voice of a boy singing some

distance-ahead. Hurrying on he looked

down from the road to the foot of a steep

bank which bordered on a merry little

stream where a b0y was cheerily piling

up sticks and brush preparatory to build-

ing a fire. As he worked he sang so good

naturedly and with such a world of mean-





i‘





ing in his voice that Ned forgot his hun-





ger as he listened.

Don't let the song so out of your life



Though it chance sometime to flow

In a' minor strain it will blend again



With the major tone, you know.



What though- shadows rise to obscure

life’ s skies



And hide for a time the su

They sooner will lift and reveal the rift



If you let the melody run.



Ned listened eagerly. The boy was big,

and stout, with a shock of coarse, reddish

hair, a round, merry face, liberally freck-

led, bright blue eyes, a wide mouth with

a dazzling set of teeth and a. chin so

square and firm that even a novice in the





art of reading human faces could have.





told that that poorly dressed lad pos-

sessed an iron will.



The song continued; the singer abso-

lutely unconscious of the white faced

stranger, partly hidden behind a white

pine tree above him: .





Don t let the song go out of your life

Though your life may have lost its

thrill;

Though the tremulous notes should die in

your throat

Let it sing in your spirit still;

There is never a pain that hides not some

gain

And never 3. Cup of rue; , '

So bitter to sup but what in the cup

Lurks a measure of sweetness too.





Ned’s heart thrilled; the. song seemed

meant for him, and as the Words died

away on the chill of the evening air which

was creeping up through the valley he

crept forward to Watch the boy more

closely, who, having started the fire to

his satisfaction proceeded to get supper

while whistling the air cheerfully as he

worked. A' small thin coffee pot was

produced from an old satchel, which was

filled with clear water from the brook

and set upon some red hot coals to heat;

then, while waiting for it he proceeded

to dress a few fish, evidently caught from





the same brook not long before, while~





Ned watched him with hungry eyes. A

handful of coffee was presently added to

the pot, and as its fragrance floated up

Ned could restrain himself no longer.

Down the bank he scrambled unceremon-

iously startling the boy who was in the

act of delicately broiling a fish held on a

stick over the fire. “Hello,” he said, by

way of announcing himself, “where did

you get that whistle?”



“Oh, it is the same old whistle I’ve al—

ways had; got it fixed tother day 'cause

I did not have money to’ buy a new one."

answered the boy good naturedly survey-

ing Ned in round-eyed amazement.

“Where did you drop from—the clouds?

I didn’t see any flying machine around.”



“Dropped from the bank and the pine

tree up yonder.” replied the other, sniff-

ing the supper greedily. “Say, that smells

good. Got a bite for me I haven’t the

monev to buy either a whistle nor a din-

ner to sav nothing of getting either fixed,

as I‘m tremendous shy on cash though

all there on appetite.”



“Sure.” and the boy laid the beauti-

fully browned and savory fish on a tin

dish taken from the satchel, and began

cooking another. “I had a good catch to-

day and I’ve got enough for both supper

and breakfast for us both unless you are

going farther.”





“Not on your life," said Ned, restrain- ~





ing a desire to grab the fish and devour

it. “If you knew how starved I am—

nothing doing since a breakfast of one

cup of coffee and a few pancakes—why,

I'd eat that fish raw in a minute.” '





“Then you won‘t kick because the trim-

min's are cut out of our reserved table,"

laughed the boy as he pulled out a bag

of crackers and a tin cup from the won-

derous store house which to Ned’s hun-

gry vision seemed inexhaustible. He ad—

ded a knife and fork, a spoon and gen-

erous supply of salt. “Ready,” he asked

as Ned started towards the brook, his





life-long habits of neatness asserting-





themselves; “’cause if you are you can

have the first cup of coffee; forgot to

mention I have some sugar but not a drop

of milk; then we’ll share the fork between

us. Got a knife?" he asked.



“No,” said Ned returning from the

brook, his face and hands dripping with

water. “Swiped with the rest of my gear.

(ice, but I'd give my shirt for a. cake of

soap and a towel."



The boy laughed a hearty, rollicking

laugh. “You’ve got me on the towel but

I have some soap and an old rag that I

use. Here you. catch it while it is com—

ing,” and he fiung a bar of hard yellow

soap straight at Ned's head. “What do





you think of my accommodation shop,

eh?!’ . .

“Fine,” assented Ned as he “fell to’? ‘

without any more preliminaries, drinking

the cup of fragrant coffee at one gulp.

then eating the delicious fish with the
I





 





 





firemen 4. 1911.





ravenous appetite born of exercise in the

open air, a. long fast and the‘ craving of

nature for food after a severe illness.



He ate and ate; neverflhad food tasted

so good before; finally, when his hunger

was 'appeased he looked at his compan-

ion, who had been watching him with

silent appreciation. “Gee! but you was

hungry,” he said solemnly.



“Did you ever seen anything like it?”

laughed Ned. “Fact is, I was about all

in when I run across you. Where did

you get that song? Don’t believe I should

have seen you, hid under the bank this

way if I hadn’t heard you singing.”



“That song; oh, about the melody,” he

sang a few words blithely—-



“ ‘What though shadows rise to obscure

life’s skies



And hide for a time the sun; -



They sooner will lift and reveal the rift



If you let the melody run-_—"



“Made a hit with you, did it? Say, that

is might good gospel, in that song.

That’s what I'm trying to do, Let the

Melody run all the time.”



“Guess my ‘mclody’ is

run out," said Ned, drily.



“You look it,” said the other, candidly.

“Just been sick haven‘t yOu? Don’t know

when I‘ve seen such a skin-and-bones

tramping the country as you are. Where

are you bound for?”



“Heaven, maybe, if I don‘t fetch up in

the other locality.”



“You won’t it you don’t want to,”

agreed the boy. “’Course you needn’t

peach on yourself if you don’t feel like it,

but jest the same I like to know a little

something about my bed-fellows, because

it looks to me as if you didn‘t have any

place to go any more than I have tonight.

Do you know, the nearest house is close

to ten miles from here—off that way.

We’re stuck in the ‘Land that God for—

got,’ ” he said, whimsically,



“Then you are one of the ‘Downs and

Outs,’ too,” said Ned, interestedly. “I

had an idea that you had a home some-

where and was roughing it for fun."



“Nary a home; the only place I have in

this world is just the spot where I’m at;

but I am making my way east while

looking for work at the same time. Where

are you bound?”



“East also; I’m going to get home to

New England or die,” said Ned warmly.

“I’ve had enough of the west.”



The boy held out his big, rough hand

impulsively. Ned seized it, though his

slender, white hand, with its thin, long

fingers, was hidden in the grasp of the

heavy, red palm. “Shake; I’m with you

pard. Now I’ll introduce myself. I’m

Roy Nelson, late of Ward’s Hill, a rough

lumber t0wn some fifty miles west of

here. Now I am ‘Roy Nelson of Every-

where,’ though I hope to be ‘R. N. of

Somewhere,’ if I live. Want my auto—

biography?” Then as Ned nodded, “Here

it goes: My mother was an eastern girl;

an orphan; came out west to teach school,

met and married my father 16 years ago,

who lied like thunder to get her. Fact!

He wasn't worthy of lacing her shoes or

of stepping on the ground where she

walked,” he added, disgustedly. “I came

along a year later; and from that day till

the day she went away, three weeks ago,

we were chums,” he continued, in a firm

voice, though the fire light showed that

his eyes were moist. “Well, after she

was gone, and she knew what I intended

to do, as we had always talked about it,

I lit out for the east. I was sick of be—

ing called “Old 801’ Nelson’s kid,’ so I left

him to earn his own cash to drink up. He

was no company for me and I never was

for him. Mother was all I had, and as

she always hoped to return east, and

wanted me to go, also, that‘s why I’m

going there. And she told me whenever

I felt blue to sing her melody piece and

keep the melody a humping all the time.

That was the last thing she said, she

was going where the melody could always

run. That's all,” he said, abruptly, turn-

ing his head away to hide his tears. “Now

what is your auto?”



Ned was touched by the boy's earnest

words. “I’m a failure,” he said, feel-

ingly. “I struck out big and fizzled out

completely. I had the ‘big head’ pretty

bad; thought I was about the only thing

on the market, but soon learned my mis—

take. Made a mess of everything I tried;

lost my job because I didn’t have sense

enough to do my work properly; some-

body helped himself to all my clothes and

money one night; then I tramped till I

was picked up sick; arrested as a vag-

rant, sent to jail as one; ought to have

died; but the doctor pulled me through;

been out a few days and here I am. My

name is Ned Jackson. Now I’m going

home, if I live to get there.”



Roy held out his hand again. “You are

having bum luck. Well, mother said





pretty nearly





. ,.'





: '\





there was nothing like adversity to help

a fellow to himself. An egg has to be!

whipped before it is light, and we have,

to be served the same way. New, as you

are about faded you stay here, while I

rustle around and hustle something to-

gether for a bed. This ain’t the first night

I’ve camped out——though I don’t fancy it‘

now the weather is getting cold, but its

better than not being able to sleep at all.”





Ned cowered contentedly over the fire,

watching Roy’s active preparations. First'

he selected the lee side of a group of1

white pines, breaking off a good many

branches of other pines for a 'bed and

covering them with a heap of dead leaves!

he found in a hollow; then, with a lotlI

more to use as covers he built anotherl

fire of chips and pieces of dry wood he

fou-.d near by, in front of their campl

and then they ‘turned in’ for the night. l





He was dressed warmer than Ned soi

he put him in the rear so as to be more

protected, and while the fire was still,

blazing brightly, giving off mellow circles

of comforting heat, Ned, cheered by the;

the companionship of his new friend and

his stomach sustained by proper food,,

fell in a dreamless, refreshing sleep which ‘

lasted until he was aroused in the morn-

ing by Roy’s cheery voice telling him that

breakfast was ready. .



He blinked in the light of the sun which ‘

was directly in his eyes; then, sitting up

he shook off the covering of boughs. ev-

ery sense alert in the crisp air, his stom-

ach anticipating the fragrant coffee and

the broiling fish. and as he bent over

the brook for his morning ablutions he

saw his eyes were bright and there was

color in his thin cheeks. “I feel like a new

man,” he said heartily, as he took his

first bite, “I feel the most like living to-

day that I have in months—well, since I

left Bakapplcin."



“Bakapplein,” repeated Roy. “VVhat’s

that, a new patent medicine or the name

of some animal, or perhaps it is a fish?”,



Nod was amazcd at tho sound of hisl

own laughter; it rang so merrily out atl

the ludicrousness of Ned’s question. He|

laughed again as he explained about the!

name, painting such a word picture of the .

grand old colonial mansion and of its in-i

mates, especially his sister, Merle, who;

was making a success with her baked

apple lunches, and of Noll, his cousin’sl

wife, whom he described as the best wom- ‘,

an on earth. \Vhen he had finished Roy‘}

gave a deep sigh. “Well,” he said, “I’m,

going to see that place. I’ve always been,’

crazy to see a stone wall, and according?

to your tell, all the lots are separated

from each other by walls. My mother

used to tell me about them. Gee,” he

said, pointedly. “\Vhat a chump you were

to leave such a place. What happened?

Was you kicked out? It would take a,

mighty big kick to send me away from

such a home.”



Ned flushed. The thrust had gone home,

but he answered, evasively. that he and

his cousin hadn’t agreed very well. Roy

asked no more, but as they trumped

slowly on that day, accommodating his

step to Ned’s slower one, little by little‘

Ned told him of his past life, beginning

with his earliest recollections in the large

hotel where he seldom saw either his

father or mother, and how he and Merle

had been all in all to each other. Roy

listened eagerly. It was an absolutely

l ew revelation to him that children were

ever reared like that, in the care of

maids. His mother had been so entirely

his companion all his life that he could

fancy no existence without one. Pres-

ently he said:



“I suppose what you say is straight

about your mother being too busy with

society to look after you kids; and your

father with his business, but it gets me.

Mother told me a lot about city ways,

though, of course, she was always poor,

but I had no idea that a mother would

care more about anything in the world

than her children. But go on. I’m

mighty glad my mother was not like

that.”



Many times Ned had secretly wished

that his mother had been different. He

idolized her memory, though it was a

rather confused one, of always seeing

her perfectly gowned, and either going to

or coming from some reception or enter-

tainment; but there were bright memories

of hours when she talked to him about

his interests and told him to be careful

with whom he made acquaintances, for he

was to remember that he was a Hill, as

well as 3. Jackson, and he thought, grimly,

that he was one; a. miserable little ant

hill at that. But he did not speak of this

to Roy. He liked to talk about himself, V

always; just as selfish people the world

over delight in doing; nothing is so en-

grossing to themselves as their own af-



r





 





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





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A. PORTER, lO7_Clinton Street, Chicago, Ill., Dept. 764,
fairs, and as Ned had taken a genuine

liking to the frank boy, he was s6on tell-

his him about his school days; boasting

of the way he had evaded his lessons, and

finally adding that Séarls would have giv-

en him a college education if he would

have taken it. '



“Well, you were a fool," said Roy,

7 contemptuously. “A blamed fool at that,

and I am glad that you have got all the

knocks you’ve had; and I hope you will

get more. Here you Were born with a

gold spoon in your mouth, with every

chance in the world to amount to some-

thing, and you deliberately refused to

make anything of yourself. Here I would

have given my head for an education,” he.

said, stormily. “I will yet. I'll go to col-

lege and make something of myself if I

have to go barefoot and live on crackers

and cheese. Yes, sir—ee," he stopped

suddenly and faced Ned. who shrank from

the blazing light in his blue eyes. “Do

you know what you are? You are a con-

tcmptible ass, and if I had been that

Cousin Searls of yours. I'd have kicked

you off the place. How could you be such

a fool?" he continued. wrathfully. “Don't

you know that the more you learn the

more you'll earn. Why. you little fool.

To be too darned lazy to go to college; to

think it was smart not to study when you

was at that prep. school. Well, I'll be

darned!” He strode ahead a few rods,

so angry at Ned’s wasted opportunities

that he felt as if he did not care what

became of him. Presently he Stripped

and waited for him to come up. Ned’s

face burned with resentment and anger

at. Roy’s words. which had cut like a.

knife, but he cooled down when the boy

laughed.



“Pretty iough, wan't it? But it makes

me mad to see folks make fools of them-

selves. HOWever, I guess you’ve learned

your lesson, so I will keep my mouth

shut. Go on and tell me more about Bak-

applein and your sister Merle. Say. I

have a. great idea! I’m going to ask that

Cousin Nell of yours if she won‘t adopt

me along with Yvonne and that little

Martha Malley. I am half hers now;

look at my name ‘Nel-son'. Stretch it a.

little and it is ‘Nell's son'. Gee. but

that’s an idea! Do you suppose she

will?"



“Like as not," laughed Nell. “Her

heart is big enough to adopt the whole

county.”



"Oh, I didn‘t mean as a son; I meant as

a hired man. That is what I want, to get

a. job on a farm where I can learn all

kinds of work while saving enough for

college. I’m going to be a farmer for

one thing. I heard a man say a farmer

was one who earned his money in the

country and spent it in the city, while

an agriculturlst was one who earned it

in the city and spent it in the country;

but it is farming for me. I'm going to

suit that particular boss of a lien Baker

you tell about, and then by and by I‘ll

marry that little Martha."



“Get out," interrupted Ned, laughing.

“It seems to me you are taking a good

many things for granted. What do you

want of a cripple like that?"



“Because I am sorry for her," the boy

answered, soberly. “Just as soon as you

told me about her I knew what I want-

ed. She couldn‘t pull as much hair as a

girl with two hands,” he said drolly,

rubbing his shock of hair gently. “Now,

could she?”



At noon they made another camp and

ate the last half of their fish and crack-

ers'; then, as Ned seemed to grow strong-

er ail the time, they walked faster dur-

ing the afternoon, coming at dusk to a

settlement of Swedes where Roy, who had

picked up considerable of their language

at his old home, obtained food and shelter

for them both that night. He insisted

on chopping wood to pay for their hospi-

tality, explaining that his chum was not

well and that he was taking care of him.



Ned was very weary that night and he

watched Roy enviously as he split up a

great heap of wood with apparently no

effort. He could do anything well, he

was a storehouse of courage, health and

resolution. coupled with a high moral

code which tolerated nothing that was

not absolutely square. He was a reve-

lation to Ned and, secretly, be determined

to live up to Rt y‘s standard so as to have

his good opinion, at least, in a world that

had proved unfriendly to him.



The next day was cold and stormy. In

Roy's “turkey”—his name for his satchel

—-he had an extra change of coarse un-

derclothing which, although too large for

Ned, he insisted that Ned should wear.

He also compelled him to accept his

heavy coat, saying that his thick sweater

Would be sufiicient for him, explaining

that he did not want a sick man on his





 





   





hands; 'andthusablevto stand exposure.

they tramped for another day, coming

at night to a rough chopping of a~few

acres'where a very sooty man was work-

ing in the clearing with a yoke of oxen,

rolling the logs into great piles, heaping

on brush and attending to the fires. Roy

accosted him eagerly, telling him that. he

ought to hire the two best young fellows

in the country to help him do his logging.



“I would if I could find them," rejoined

the man. “I need help for a month about

as bad as a man can need it. I’ve got

this piece and another to clear off, and

it is a fifty-dollar job to the man who

can do it.”



"Here he is,” said Roy promptly. “My

chum and I want the work. I'll do the

heavy part and he the light, as he has

been sick. What do you say?”



“What about the board?” demanded





 





the logger. “I didn‘t say .nothing about

boardin‘ two.”

"That‘s thrown in," remarked Roy.





“I’ll work early and late doin’ chores, be-

sides loggin', for the chance. What do

you say?” '



“Agreed." he laughed heartily. “I like

your sand, boy. It‘s quittin’ time so we

will go up to the house. The old woman

will mother you,” turning to Ned, whose

face looked thin and sharp in the dim

light. “She's never so happy as when

docterin’ half-sick folks.” Then to Roy,

“You can step lively and help me about

the chores tonight so I can see what you

are made of."



After a bountiful supper they retired

to their rude bedroom in the loft of the

log house. They had fallen in with kind

people and Roy was so happy that he

sang while undressing:





“There's never a pain that hides not some

gam ‘

And never a cup of rue

So bitter to sup. but what in the cup

Lurks a measure of sweetness, too."





 





Chapter XVl.——At Evening Time.





It was very little that Henry Maliey

had asked for, all his life, and it was

very little that he had received. Grand-

father Beverly's remark about him, that

he had been born in the wrong family,

was apt and just. Fate ought to have

placed him where he could have devel-

oped the scholarly side of his nature as

well as his generous one. He had a

keen desire for learning and naturally a.

fine mind, but duty had always kept him

at the stern task of earning not only

bread for himself, but bread for those de-

pendent upon him. And so he had spent

his years, giving freely and unselfishly,

not only himself, but all he earned, to his

family; and with the real charity of the

poor he always assisted anyone who

seemed to be as needy, or even more so

than himself. And thus, out of pure

kindness of heart, while yet a mere boy

making a home for his mother, he had

befriended a poor orphan boy—~one George

Wallace—to save him from being a charge

on the town, which had always seemed

to him the most terrible fate that could

befall anyone. The boy had lived with

him for awhile after he married, and

then, as there was not cobbling enough

in W’est Winthrop to furnish employment

for two men, the young fellow had drifted

to the city to make a place for himself.





Old Malley was no letter writer. Fin-

gers used to the awl and handling of

coarse leather did not take to the pen

easily. So, after his first Wife died, the

correspondence which had been main-

tained between them and the boy lan—

guished and finally dropped. In a general

way he knew that “Georgie,” as he affec-

tionately called him, had done well, but

if he had entertained any thought of ever

receiving any benefits from the boy he

had befriended he had never given utter-

ance to them. The kindness he had

shown the boy, as well as the kindness

he‘had shown Bill Willett's folks. had

been done disinterestedly, and with no

thought whatever of reward.



It was a favorite stone of John King's

to throw at the old man~this boy, de-

serted by his own mother, with a drunken

father who was glad to get rid of him,

had lived on the old cobbler’s bounty un-

til he could do for himself and then had

gone away and forgotten all about him.

And Jimmy was fond of excusing his own

indifference by saying that if his father

had kept the money he had spent on

George Wallace he would have had some-

thing in his old age.



But George Wallace was merely a name

to most of the town's people. Scarceiy

anyone remembered him distinctly but

Old Joe Green: as they had played to-

gether when boys, he being about the

only real chum Joe had ever had, he had

never forgotten him, and was fond of





   





mentioned, that he Would yet come back





to West Winthrop and do something for:





Henry Malley.



He was working on the road one bright

morning. early in the spring after Ned

had gone away, picking up stones near

the Jackson farm, when one of the largo

est touring cars he had ever seen came

slowly along. The occupants, besides the

chafl'eur, was a gentleman and lady who

were taking a keen interest in the sur-

rounding country. Scenting a possible

conversation, if even for a moment, he

drew nearer, just, as the car slowed down

near the gates. “Bakapplein;" he over-

heard the lady speak slowly the word

printed in large black letters on each side

of the large, square, white posts at the

wide gate to the driveway. “ ‘Ba-kappl-

ein,’ ” she read again “What a queer

word. I wonder if it is Greek."



Joe heard the gentleman answer doubt-

fully: “That is where you and I'are at

fault, my clear, as neither of us had a

classical education. Perhaps the owner

isa‘Phi Beta Kappa’ man; but I remem.

her this place as the Jackston Stand,

though it has been greatly improved.”



It was time then. for Joe to draw near.

A vague memory was forming in his

mind and he desired to learn all there

was to be learned about the strangers.

“No,” he volunteered familiarly, though

not offensively, “this ain’t a Fry Betty

Kappy place; them letters mean Baked

Apple Inn, whitch means that you can

get' baked apples in thar any day of the

year if you want ’em."



The lady laughed with her husband.

“Oh, let us stop," she said; “this must

be the place of which our friends told us

where we can get such a delightful lunch.

And, of course, they will know about

Henry Malley,”



“Henry Malley!” A. great rush of

memory swept Old Joe nearly off his feet.

He dropped his hoe, and forgetting all

about his dirty hands he jumped on the

step and seized the gentleman’s hands in

both of his while he shouted incoherently

that he must be “George \Vallace, come

back to look after the old man who was

on the town.”



The recognition was mutual, and then

Joe, grinning with joy, shook hands with

the lady who, as he afterwards said,

“never seemed to feel one bit above him

even if he was all dirt;" and then nothing

Would do but he must get right in the car

with them—the first time he was ever in

one—41nd he must go with them directly

to see the old man. Afterwards they

would return to Bakapplein for lunch,

and he made the opportunity of telling

them, among other things, that he called

the place the “Shoo—Fly Inn" because ev-

erything was kept so clean in doors and

out that the flies had no chance to breed

And he also told them all about Henry

Malley and his ungrateful children; es-

pecially his son, and, as he afterwards

said, “that George Wallace was so chok-

ed up when he met the old man, who

knew him at once, that it was hard for

him to tell which felt the wuss, as he and

George and the old man all cried to-

gether.”



It was a ten—days' wonder in the town,

and Old Joe was so important that he

stopped Work for three days for the pure

pleasure of going around the town' and

telling people what George Wallace had

done for his old friend. How he had set-

tled, at full pay, with the town for the

old man's board for a year so he would

not have the disgrace of ever having been

a pauper attached to his memory; how

he had agreed to pay the Vi'illetts five dol-

iars a week as long as the old man lived:

how he had put nice “markers" to the

graves of both of Henry's wives and his

mother, promising that a nice monument





should be erected on the lot sometime in .





the future; also, and this was the crown-

ing gem of Joe’s story, he had put two

thousand dollars in the bank in the old

man's name, so that under no circum-

stances could Old Malley ever be called

a pauper again.



Nothing that had ever happened in the

town had done Joe as much good as that.

He was even more delighted than was

Henry Malley, who found it difficult to

realize his good fortune, for Joe now had

the chance to annoy Jimmy whenever he

saw him, and also to make caustic re-

marks in Thad Bobby's hearing about

the money that would have been his if he

had not turned the old man out of doors.

Thad grew uglier and more morose than

ever after the old man’s good fortune;

it seemed to him as if the world was

growing upside down for him. for after

his abuse of the old cobbler his wife had

been a different woman. He no longer

treated her as a dog to be sworn at and





predicting, whenever George’s name m‘ V I





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





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house iandwclothes fer herself and chil—

dren," for ' she, in righteous wrath, had





, threatened to leave him are next time he





dared. to treat hex-.35 if she was 'not a

human being. He had cowed under her

terrible anger, for a bully is always a

coward, and as he knew himself to be

mean and contemptible he had not dared

to do otherwise than behave himself as

nearly like a. decent man as was possible

for one with such a disagreeable dispo-

sition. But after the money came to the

old man the thought of what he had

lost tormented him by night and by day.

and after a few lashes from Joe's caustic

tongue he avoided him as much as pos-

sible, leaving the store or the shop by

the rear door Whenever Joe appeared at

the front.



Jimmy also cursed himself for a fool.

“Nobody could have told what would

happen.” he said sourly to Joe. who was

aggravating him in his choicest way. “It

was jest a piece of luck, that's all; the

same as playing anything with dice: if

you happen to shake the big numbers

you win; if you don’t you don't and

that's all."



“Luck’s a funny thing,” said Joe, re-

flectively. The store was full of men and

he had his chance. “But I hev allers

noticed in playin’ backgammon, whitch

,was about the only thing that I ever did

play with dice, that while you hev to

move accordln' to yer shakes, yet if yew

use jedgment how yew play, when luck

comes you’ll be right thar to profit by it;

so luck don’t amount tew mutch without

a. leetle mite of jedgment tew go with it.

And so it ain’t all luck with yer old man;

he is jest like a stormy day, when clouds,

and wind, and storm foller each other all

the time, and then break away and it’s

clear at night. And that’s jest the way

with yer dad. The Good Book says ‘At

evening time it shall be light.’ So all

these years the Sun has been behind the

clouds of his life, but now when its got

ter be the evenin’ they hev broke away

and the sunset is beautiful—fleet beauti-

ful, boys,” he said huskily, addressing

the group which had become silent. “This

town never raised a better man than

\Vhy, he wuz allers so

full of goodness that he had no room to

even think of mean things. Look the

way he has did for others all his life long;

rust both his wives and his children, but

why—-" here he spoke solemnly, rising to

his full height and leveling his pipe

straight at Jimmy who, flushed and an-

gry, was obliged to listen, for as clerk in

the store he could not get away—“VVhy

God A’mighty could ha’ let sech a mis-

able, ongrateful pup of a son come to him

is more'n I know. I can’t figger it out,

why sech a good man should ha‘ had sech

a boy; but, as the Good Book says, the

Devil was wunst in Heaven afore he got

kicked out. So I suppose that when God

puts saints on the airth he has to send

devils erlong with ’em jest to let 'em

know that they can’t have Heaven here

and thar tew.”



“You'd better shet your mouth," foamed

Jimmy, "‘or I’ll throw yew out the store.”



'"I wish you’d try it," said Joe, calmly.

"I ain’t had mutch fun lately, so jest

come erlong, Jimmy; I've got a lot more

that I want ter say ter yew, so jest git

me a little more riled up and out it’ll

come. But ycw can’t hate me as bad as

George Wallace does yew; he said his

only hope was that yew'd come down to

bread and water in yer old age, but I’ll

go him one better; I hope yew'll come

down to nothin' but the mouldy bread

that they giv at Collins’es, with no water

at all. The bread yew cast on the wat-

ers won't come back all buttered the way

yer dad's has. No, sir; but yours'll come,

jest as a man’s sins foller .him allers, and

as the sins travel a darned sight faster

than we do we ain’t got mutch show in

gittin’ away from ’em.”



“Talkin’ about yerself, you darned old

drunkard," yelled Jimmy, black with

rage.



“You bet I am." said Joe humbly. “I

ain’t ever wallopin' anybody any harder

than I wallop myself. Old Man Beverly

was tellin' me about a wheel which them

old Greasers yoost ter believe was in

hades; I ain't sayin‘ it’s thar or ain’t

thar, coz I don’t know; but he said they

thort thar was a place there where ev—

erybody was who had been mean to their

parents, or brothers, or sisters. And this

feller, Ix-eye-on, who had killed his sis-

ter, was fastened to the outside of a big

wheel which kept turning over and over

forever an’ ever. That was the way he

was punished fer bein mean tew his own

flesh and blood, and Im kinder wonderin’

What yew and Thad Hobby will git fer

beln’ mean tew Old Malley. Ef I had my





 





way l’d‘l‘lie'v you on the wheel‘now, so.

folks ebuld-see' you a-tumin’ and a-tum-

in’ and a-turnin’ forever.”



”Jimmy rushed at Old Joe with fury in

his heart. A dozen men grabbed him and

pulled him back, while Old Joe, thinking

that he had probably said enough for one

night, laughed good-naturedly. “Yew

think I'll go there myself, don’t yew

Jimmy? Wall, I think so tew, so we both

think alike on one subjeck. But I ain’t

kickin'; I expec tew git all that’s comin’

tew me, an’ ef I don't git it in this world

I will in the next—and so will yew,” he

added as a parting thrust.



Old Malley did not have many months

to enjoy the bounty of his friend. The

hard work and privations which he had

always known had weakened his consti-

tution and vital forces, so when the chill

days of autumn came he began to fail

perceptibly. Although he had the most

careful nursing and attendance, yet it

was plain to everyone that his days were

numbered. He knew it himself and was

not sorrowful. His last days had been so

full of peace and plenty that oftentimes

he would wonder whether it was really

he, poor old Malley, who had been kicked

and buffeted by fate for more than sixty

years, that should fall at last into pleas-

ant places. Comfort and money, more or

both than he had ever seen in all his life,

had come with the setting sun, when the

end of his way was just over the hill;





 





and though some said it had come too

late, yet he did not feel it so. He was

tired and ready to go. He had tasted, to.

the full measure, all the suffering and alll

the joy the world could give him, and‘

there was nothing more for him but rest. 3





He failed so rapidly at the last that a:

dispatch was sent to George \l'allacc.l

who had written regularly to him each:

week, the letters having been answered}

faithfully by little Martha. Although!

(leorge was engrossed in business, yet

he came immediately, arriving there just

before the end. Bob and Dallas had

come with little Jennie; and Lucille Dix-

son had brought his son Henry; the

Jacksons Were there with little Martha,

whose heart was torn with the sorrow of

her first great loss: Thad llobby‘s wife

had been by his side for days, and at

the last moment Jimmy came, though his

wife, a good, earnest girl, had been with

the old man for hours. And Old Joe,

crying bitterly, for he had dearly loved

the old man.



But when the end came it was as

peaceful as when a child falls to sleep in

its mother's arms. He had spoken kindly

to his friends, farewell words to each or'

his children, for he loved them all alike,

and with what good there was in his na—

ture stirred at last, Jimmy knelt by his

bed and begged his forgiveness, which the

old man gave gladly by saying he had

nothing to forgive as he had never held

aught against him. Then, held to the

last in George \‘l'allace's arms, who had

whispered that he would see that the

young children never wanted for any-

thing, and, with his last breath, saying

that he had lived in debt all his life and

was now about to pay the nal one—the

debt of nature—the soul of the poor old

cobbler passed away, just as the sun

broke through the clouds of a long. dark,

wintry day, for the promise of his life

had'been fulfilled, “that at evening time

it should be light.”



M'r. \Vallacc staid to the funeral, which

was held on a glorious day when the early

snow glistened like silver in the bright

sun and the trees were robed in glisten-

ing mantles of white. Everyone in town

who could attend was there. Though the

funeral services were of the simplest

character. befitting the life of the old

man, it was well known that the rich man

bore all the expense, and as he stood

with uncovered head by the side of the

grave, thus paying the last tribute of re-

spect and affection to the man whose

bounty had set his feet in the paths of

prosperity, all felt that the life of the

poor old cobbler had been rounded out to

to a glorious end.



The townspeople dispersed to their

homes; his children and friends went

their way after the committal services

were ended, but one faithful friend re—

mained; it was the little dog, Rover, who,

forgotten when the teams drove from the

place, had followed at a distance. Poor

little old dog, lame and- nearly blind. yet

the love which he had borne for his dead

master was stronger than anything else.

so as the body had been carried from the

house he had followed also.





They did not see him, nor think of him,

as he slowly made his way, still in the

rear of the long procession, to the ceme-

tery; but as the last shovelful of earth



(Continued on page 263).





 





 





 





» ‘M:¢1A.mm\mm~mfl9flm ,





 

 





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as wold—write today.





PERTH IIIBIIY GIIEIIIGIIL COMPANY





100 WILLIAM STREET, NEW YORK





morsmstrn IUIO-SPIIIKEII IRE you B u pf U I: E D





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complete information. APPLEY TRUSS





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Forename suzs. Pal. Altyu.,Ad.z7.-u L. -. '0.“ CO ,‘ 48 MONROE ST , GRAND RA





 





31135": f .
r





.262" (221 '

GOOD-BYE, OLD ,WINTER.





4.5;.

l BY RUTH RAYMOND.





Good—bye, old Winter, as a friend you go,

Though cold you seemed, your heart was

all aglow; , ‘



Your voice was hearty and your songs

were clear, '





’Your manner bluff and wellwe loved you,





dear.





Good-bye, old Winter, as a friend you go;



We prized your holly and your mistletoe,



The music of your bells, your merry cheer,



Your friendships true and strong, we

loved you, dear.





Good-bye, old Winter. as a friend you go;



Your smiles are hidden ’neath a veil of

snow,



\Ve would not call you back since Spring



. is near.



But all your jolly days we loved you, dear.





THE STUMP FENCE.





 





BY LALIA MITCHELL.



The days of the stump fence are num-

bered and very soon it will become only

a memory to the oldest inhabitant. The

west never had such fences and the east

is replacing them with fine, straight

boards or shining wire. These Substitutes

give a cleaner appearance to fields and

meadows, and yet, from an artistic view-

point, the stump fences of the early days

had their advantage.



When new, but who ever heard of a new

stump fence, at day after they are placed





loomed to an élevationof nearly a thou-

sand feet. I ' .‘ ' '



The farms were few and far between.

Not only was the land rather rugged for

profitable tilling, but La Crosse as the

nearest”? market, coupled with the wretch-

ed roads, made it extremely difl‘lcult for

anybody to make more than just a living,

let alone accumulate a bank account.



As can be imagined, in a territory of

this character, cut as it is by railroads

connecting with the twin cities, tramps





and the kindred gentry were more than.





usually numerous in the woods and

swamps of the vicinity.



\Vhen Tim took the packet from his

mother, with the injunction to return

early, he had been dispatched to a neigh—

bor, a mile distant. The night was in-

tensely dark but he did not take a lan—

tern, as the path was so well known to

him that he could have traversed it blind-

folded. ‘



Tim did not follow the highway but out

directly across the fields. It was much

nearer so. After he had gone about half

a. mile the public road lay directly in his

path again and where he crossed a thick

clump of willows stood, having thrived

exceedingly on the wet ground. The Mc—

Lean home was the nearest habitation,

and that was out of earshot.



As he approached the willows. which

were distinguishable because of the little

darker aspect in the already black night





 





 





 





 





Once Rather Common, the Old Stump Fence is Viewed with Interest and Curiosity

by the Rising Generation.





they look as though they had been there

a hundred years, and two months later,

passing by. you feel certain that the first

white settlers hitched their oxen to sleds

and drew those big roots into that posi-

tion. They need no passing of years to

age them, they are builded old.



Some say that stump fences harbor the

seeds of noxious weeds and that poison

ivy breeds in their crevices. Perhaps

and probably. But the thimble berries

grow there as well as tall ferns and sweet

Wild roses and tiny vines that you have

never heard the botanical name of. Mosses

cling to the decaying wood and even tiny

trees spring up where a passing bird has

dropped a seed into some moist crevice.

Oh, there are wonderful treasures in the

old stump fence, of flowers as well as

weeds.



The stump fence was once a not un-

common sight on farms of the eastern

and middle states but that day has passed

and the child who sees one during the va-

cation days or while visiting some rela-

tive in the country is fortunate indeed,

for the sight is a rare one. Memory,

however, holds many a pleasing picture of

their rugged beauty and the fathers of

the present generation could tell you of

miles of country road-way bordered by

these tall spectral forms gleaming white

in the moonlight and by day resolving

themselves into the connected links of the

old stump fence.





UNDER THE WAGON SEAT.

BY WILLIAM A. FREEHOFF.



“Be sure and come back early. so as to

help father when he returns from town.”



“All right, mother, I’ll be back in half

an hour.”



With these words Tim, or Timothy, Mc-

Lean, took a small package which his

mother handed to him. stuffed it into his

pocket, and stepped into the autumn

night.



Tim was a farmer’s son, not yet nine-

teen, of unusual agility and intelligence.

He 'lived in a secluded valley in south-

eastern Minnesota, about fifteen miles

from La Crosse, lying just across the

Mississippi, in Wisconsin. A lonelier place

could hardly be imagined. For miles and

miles, dismal swamps bordered the river,

while beyond the morasses high cliffs





he remembered several complaints of pet-

ty thievery the neighbors had recently

reported. Almost unconsciously the fit—

ness of the place for a holdup entered his

mind.



Scarcely had this idea entertained him

when he crossed the highway and pene-

trated into the willows. ‘To his fright,

he almost fell over a man who was hid—

den there. The surprise was evidently

mutual.



Tim backed hurriedly into the

again, followed by the stranger.



“Throw up your hands!”



As the sullen command was given Tim,

heard a sharp click. He complied very

promptly.



Still covering Tim with his weapon, the

mysterious man brought a dark lantern

into play and flashed its beams into his

face. Apparently reassured at the youth-

ful appearance of his prisoner, and mak-

ing certain that he was unarmed, the

tramp lowered his revolver and, turning,

crashed into the underbrush at full speed.

Tim could hear him running for a short

time, but gradually the footsteps died

away in the distance.



A trifle unnerved by his experience. Tim

resumed his way. At first he did not





road





.. .





place any Reigntncance to, his accidental

discovery of the night prowler. Tramps

were numerous in the neighborhood, he

well knew, and this might have been one

out of a hundred hanging about.



Suddenly, however, he was struck with

an idea that set every nerve in his body

tingling. His father had taken a huge

load of hogs to town that morning and he

might have several hundred dollars in his

possession. What if the perpetrators of

the thefts within the last weeks were

well acquainted in the vicinity and knew

that 'he would not return until late, and

suspected that he might have a good sum

of money on his person! What if the

man he met had been waitingfor his

father! Tramps do not usually carry dark

lanterns, Unconsciously Tim quickened

his steps so as to conclude his errand and

return as soon as possible.



Even as he hastened along, a plan was

already resolving itself in his mind. If

his suspicions about the unknown man

were correct, he would return again to

his former haunt or in the near neighbor-

hood, as soon as he thought it would be

safe for him to do so. Perhaps he was

there even now. ‘



When Tim delivered the package, some-

what out'of breath, he did not tell the full

story. Instead, he begged for a revolver,

explaining that several tramps were

prowling about and that he felt safer

armed. As no home in that vicinity was

Without one or more weapons of some

sort, an old—fashioned, clumsily built,

muzzle~loading, Colt pistol, fully charged,

was ‘given him, although not without

some slight chaffing at this sudden timid-

ity. Tim was noted for his fearlessness.



Tim hurried away again, without un-

necessary delay. but he did not take his

old route. Instead, he made a long detour

about the willows, crossing the highway

considerably below, and in the direction

of La Crosse.



He had a special purpose in View in

taking nobody into his confidence. Some

years before he had accidently obtained

several books recounting the daring deeds

of the Pinkertons, both true andficti~

tious, and his imagination had been so

fired that he resolved to be a detective,

which determination he clung to ten—

aciously.



It was Tim’s plan to walk about a mile

up the road, wait for his father, let him

pass and then climb noiselessly into the

wagon, hiding himself behind the seat. If

his fears proved groundless he could sneak

out again just before reaching home. If

he was correct in his surmise about the

tramp, he would have the opportunity to

distinguish himself most gloriously.



He had to wait so long that he began

to believe that his father had gone by

during his absence. Nearly an hour sped

by and Tim was just on the point of go—

ing home, rather ashamed of himself. His

long wait presented the matter in a much

less romantic light.



He had gone not ten steps, however,

when he heard the rumbling of wheels in

the distance. He was in time, after all!



Tim crouched in the intense shadow

cast by a giant oak and waited for the

approach of the wagon. Sure enough, it

was his father. He was driving along

cautiously, his eyes peering ahead alertly,

it seemed more for the sake of keeping

to the road than because of any suspicion

of danger. To a man who had made the

journey in safety dozens of times under

similar conditions, the drive had lost all

its terrors.



Tim waited until he passed; then he

jumped on behind. He made a slight

noise as he did so and for a moment he

thought his father was going to look back.





 





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"°""..‘.‘.'. terests to

write for a

copy of this

free Roof-

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a n d o u r

c o m p l e t e

layout of

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' e quote

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SEARSROEBUCKdi'Dm‘ég





.- ONES-MUELLER CO-





..

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nonunion..-





 





 





 





 





Farmer or Farmers





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AGENTS Here I Is





POCKET SEWING MACHINE





 





 





 

   

 

     





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Caught Between Seasons—When Winter’s Cold and Snow are Giving Way to the

First Warm Days of Spring.





 





 





 





 





He's leased. Retails at 0% PROFIT





ridicu only low rice.



It you won a 11!: ch seller, one that gets the mono ens

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500 MEN 20 to 40 YEARS

OLD WANTED AT ONCE





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[14 Superior St, Toledo. Ohio.

Made





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417 South Madison Street. Battle Creek. Mich





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





* nmhlltflefl 7.55% nix-Frasier





 





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*"rHE MICHIGAN FARMER.





But he threw himself prostrate under the

seat and thus was out of sight. Tim could

not help thinking, with a. shudder, how

easily any tramp might have done the

same and felled his father with some

heavy cudgel.



The wagon rumbled along monotonously

for a. short time. Tim, who had raised

his head cautiously every now and then,

knew that the fateful willows. were not

far- distant. _



Suddenly the gloom became even denser,

if that were possible. The danger zone

was reached. Tim knew that here, if

ever, the holdup would occur. In a short

time the road would enter more open

territory.



His heart gave a violent leap. Was it

the click of a revolver that he heard!

Yes, he was right. At the same instant a.

grufif, but authoritative “Hands up!” is-

sued from the darkness, startlingly near.

Tim crouched closely to the bottom of the

wagon.



His father jerked hastily on the reins,

the horses instantly coming to a full stop.

Then, in obedience to a repeated com-

mand, he elevated his hands.



In spite of the plunge of the horses, the

highwayman clanibei‘ed into the kagon at

once and commenced to rifle the pockets

of the helpless Mr, McLean. Tim recog-

nized him as his tramp. '



At this juncture Tim thought it was

high time to interfere. Slowly raising

himself about the seat, his revolver ex-

tended, the robbcr being so occupied as

not to notice him, Tim pressed the cold

metal against the man’s temple.



“Drop your gun!" he commanded in as

grufi a tone as he could muster. but which

would tremble in spite of his effort to ap«

pear calm and collected.



The holdup man had evidently felt the

touch of a pistol before. for he droppcd

his weapon most precipitately. it struck

the rim of the wheel but, fortunately, did





not go off.

“Hands up, new, lively!" was the al-

most immediate injunction.





The robber could only obey. The heavy

Colt had an ugly glint. Besides, it made

him rather nervous to have a more boy

carelessly flourish a pistol before his face.



“Father," commanded Tim of his as-

tonished parent. “There is a rope at my

feet, the one you used this morning. I'll

keep this fellow safe While you get it."



Not heeding the stranger's curses, Mr.

McLean. almost as a man in a dream,

dismounted and uncoilcd the rope. Then,

while Tim kept the prisoner cowed, he

tied the man securely. He removcd his

mask also, but in the darkness they were

unable to identify him. in spite of the

fact that his voice was strangely familiar.

Tim decided the question by pulling a

match from his pocket.



Father and son gave an exclamation of

amazement. “Jerry!" they cried, simul-

ianeously.



The man scowled bitterly, but as every-

thing but his tongue was under bonds. he

could do no more than grumble surly

invectives.



Jerry was~ a. well known character of

the Vicinity. Everybody had been sus«

picious of him for a. long time but up to

now no definite charges had been pre-

sented against him. Mr. McLean shrewdly

suspected. however, that the robberies in

the neighborhood would now cease.



“Tell me about it Tim," he said. “I

can easily understand why that man

should know I had three hundred dollars

with me, but how did you happen to come

to my rescue."



Tim's exploit made him noted for many

miles in the forlorn region and no achieve-

ment of his, in after life, ever afforded

him the satisfaction the apprehension of

Jerry did. This in spite of the fact that

later he really did become a detective and

made some notable captures.





THE GATES O‘F BAKAPPLEIN.

(Continued from page 261).





was being placed on the mound he crept

to the grave and. with a. despairing howl.

settled himself in the midst of the

wreaths and the flowers and no persua-

sion could take him away.



The sexton. seeing Joe Green that

night, told him of the little dog, saying

that probably he had returned home. But

Joe thought differently, and early the

next morning he hurried to the cemeterY-

There. stretched in death, lay the faith-

ful little animal, true to his master to

the last.



Saying nothing to anyone. Old Joe pro-

cured a box. Tenderly placing the little

dog in it. be dug another grave at the

foot of the old cobbler's and there placed

the box; for it was but fitting that the

two friends who had so loved each other

in life should not be separated in death.





When the will was read it was found

that the old man had divided his money

equally among his children—three hun-

dred dollars‘to each of the five and the

balance, five hundred dollars, was given

to Bill \Villett‘s people and to Ned Jack-

son—three hundred to the Willetts' and

$200 to Ned, who. he said, had saved him

from Collins’ and he hoped to save him

from being an outcast; at the hand of

King.



His will caused a great deal of gossip.

All thought he did right in remembering

the Vi'illcts' and Ned, but there were none





 





 





who thought he should have remembered

Jimmy, although since his father’s death

he had appeared to be different. Yet, as

the old man had said, he was his child as

much as the rcst and therefore should be

remembered with the others.



Another surprise was in store for the





people 01‘ \cht \\'int ill‘OD when it was

learned that Mr. “'allace had legally

adopted both Henry and Jennie and





would have adopted Martha but for the





fact that Seal-ls Jackson had already

done so.

Verily, the bread which the old cob~





bier had cast upon the waters had re-

turned a. hundred fold.

(To be continued).





SMILE PROVOKERS.





 





 





 





Tomm y_l‘op.

seeks the man ?





what is the office that





Tommy's Pop—The tax office, my SOIL.





The Pessimisr—VVhat will convince me.





that this world is not a mere bubble?

The Optimist—Try falling out of an

airship.





 





The class was being questioned on the

cardinal points of the compass.



“If I turn to the cast and look at the

rising sun what is behind me?"



Iloy~Yer six-adder.





 





“De reasun," said I'ncle Eben, “(lat

some men walks de floor because of deir

debts is because it’s warmer an' mo'

comf'ble dun gittin' out an' buildin'

fences or shovelin' snow."





 





“You may say what you like against

young ministers, but i have nothing but

praise for our young pastor." the pomp-

ous Mr. Brown remarked, as he passed

out of the church. “Nothing but praise!v



“So I observed." dryly retorted the

deacon who had passed the plate.





 





A suburban family has a servant who

is an excellent cook. but insists upon





 





making all her own disbcs according to

her own recipes. Her mistress gave her:

full swing not only as to cooking, but as

to the purchasing of supplies, The other

day the mistress said:



“Nora. the coffee you are giving us is

Very good. What kind is it?" .



“It's no kind at all mum," replied the

cook. “It’s a mixer."



“How do you mix it?"



“I make it one-quarter Mocha and one«

quarter Java. and uric—quarter Rio."



“But that is only three-quarters. W'hat

do you put in for the other quarter?"



“I put in no quarter at all. mum. That’s ,

where so many Spiles the coffee, mum,

by putting in a fourth quarter."_





THE SUGAR CAMP.





\’





 





BY v. v. SCOTT.

0, Winter King, please hurry up

And call your blizzards off;

Pray give us sunny days enough

To fill the maple trough.

\Ve long to see the boiling sap,

And yearn to “sugar off."





VVe’ll take with joy the frosty nights,

To hold the hard-packed snow,



\Vithout the easy running sled

We'd have a sorry Show,



And I am sure we'd break our backs

While going to and fro.





Our pockets bulge with apples then,

And how the snowballs fly!



’1 he saucy blue jays bop about

With their insistent cry,



And many a. squirrel from the trees

Peeps out at us so sly.





Such jolly times we have in camp

When maple sap is flowing;



We gather up the brimming pails

And keep the camp fires glowing.

There must be something in the air-—



Our appetites are growing!





“Hurrah for dinner!"

Let everybody clap!



\Ve roast potatoes in the coals

And boil our eggs in sap.



Vl'ith bacon frying to a turn,

And coffee—that's a snap!





That sounds good.





So ’rah for northern sugar camps

That give such health and fun;



‘They yield the sweetest wax on snow.

And sugar by the ton.



“'6 almost wish that all the year





 





The maple sap would run.





 





   





m _ 09/1?





(23) 263





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Send for Our Free Catalog lie. 36?





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For WALLS

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Instead of Lath and Plaster





‘ _C(1MPO-BOARD can be used for walls,

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It is a practical wall lining for any build-

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SEND FOR SAMPLE AND BOOKLET





Our booklet wllisliow you what COMPO-

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uses and advantages.





. Northwestern Compo-Board Co.

420‘ lyndail Ave. No. Minneapolis. Minn





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At Home





% ‘





 





{Q





The Bright Girl Becomes the Dull Woman





While the Man





Forges Ahead.





 





HY do we educate our girls? 1



often wonder this when I talk



with women of the middle labor-

ing classes who have been married three

or four years.



Memories of schooldays, both as a stu-

dent and as a teacher, have shown me

that in educational matters girls are the

equals of boys in ordinary matters; the

superiors where quickness of perception

and memory are concerned, and inferior,





 





 





A Riot of Colors is Quite the Thing.





only in subjects calling for prolonged hard

study and powers of reasoning.



\Vhy, then, is it, that the wives in all

but the leisure classes seem dull and un—

interesting as compared with their hus-

bands?



For instance, boy and girl graduate in

he same class from the high school. The

girl stands first in the class, the boy

fourth or fifth. This young couple marry

and in three or four years you visit them.

The girl might never have had an educa-

tion beyond “reading and writing" and a

little “’rithmetic." The husband is in-

telligent, kcenminded and informed on

all subjects of general interest. You

mention an event of national interest and

the wife is as mum as a clam, while the

husband takes up the conversation and

gives an opinion which shows he has read

all he could on the subject and given it

keen thought. A reference to a book you

know both read in the old days will call

for a quotation from the man, while. the

wife perhaps remarks. “Seems to me I

read that book once," or perhaps merely

looks puzzled.



The husband knows all about the office-

holders of the country. state and county,

can tell what he thinks of the faithful-

ness or unfaithfulness of this one or that,

and in things political has a reason for

the hope that is in him. The wife pos-

sibly knows the name of the president,

but she couldn‘t tell you the vice—presi—

dent’s name or who is governor of the

state.



In all things pertaining to his line of

work the husband is informed. He has

read the best ways to perform his tasks,

knows about the improvements in meth-

ods and machinery and can give you a

reason for every task he performs. The

wife knows little or 'nothing about new

discoveries in housework. She has the





W





same antiquated tools her mother used

still cooks and bakes by guess, feeds her

family just what is handiest to get, with-

out regard to established rules of diet,

thinks she might like a tireless cooker but

doesn’t make the least effort to get one,

and in scientific housekeeping is as unin-

formed as in other branches of science.



The same principle applies in the labor-

ing class, Where education ceases as soon

as the law is satisfied. The men are far

more intelligent than the women, have

kcener minds, a broader outlook and, in

everything but saving a penny, are far

shrewder than the women.



“’hy is it? Simply because women do

not read, or at least do not: read anything

which will benefit them. There seems to

be a belief prevalent among women that

marriage is the supreme end of existence

fer the weaker sex. Before a girl is mar—

ried it may be necessary for her to keep

informed in order to earn her living. Once

married, and the bread question safely

settled, what is the use of reading and

thinking? “'omen, then, become a do-

mestic animal, devoting her time to her

house. fancywork and children. and leav-

ing issues in which she is vitally con-

cerned to be settled as best they may.

From disuse her brain becomes tor-pid and

she finally loses the power to do any in-

telligent thinking and becomes a com-

monplace creature. goodhearted, kind,

motherly perhaps, but deadly dull and

uninteresting.



Of course, there is some excuse for this

in many cases. Rabies arrive, money is

s *arce, there is no help. or but little help,

and the human frame can endure only so

much. But even with all these handicaps

a woman can keep informed if she will.

A book or daily paper may always be

kept on .hand and ten minutes honest

reading each day will give the mind

though to work on so that when the chil-

dren are grown and there is more time

the desire for study will not have on-

tirely passed away. Besides this. there

are but few husbands who, when they

drop down at noon or night with the pa—

per, would not gladly read aloud to their

wives if they thought their efforts would





 





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eerie





and Elsewij ere





 





 





 





Beg - . ix





 





be thankfully received. Instead of this,

however, the husband reads in silence

while the wife grumbles,



“Oh, of course, you think more of your

paper than you do of your wife. Been

out all day and now you sit down and

stick your nose behind a paper while I can

darn your socks and mend your children’s

clothes." “mat-a surprise to thousands

of men if tonight, instead of that speech

they should hear, “Read aloud to me,

dear, I am anxious to hear what is going

on in the world.”



Then there are women who “never get

time to read a word,” according to their

story, who, nevertheless, have time to ab—

sorb certain paper covered books wherein

are recounted the thrilling adventures of

Lady Gwendolin and Lord Percival before

they married and lived happily ever after.





 





The number of women of this sort is

perhaps not so large as that of women

who really do not read at all. But sup-

pose, instead of reading trashy novels

those women read government bulletins,

good magazines and classics in prose and

verse. The next generation would be a.

decided improvement over this in govern-

ment and things spiritual.



If there is a Woman who reads this.

who has never done systematic reading,

begin today. Specialize along some line,

the line of housekeeping if you like. \Vhen

you have mastered that take up govern-

ment. \Vomen shrink from politics as

from a plague. but there is no subject

which touches them more closely, not even

excepting the,great and glorious profes-

sion of housekeeping.



DEBORAH.





Parlor Curtains Again Lay on the Floor.





A. L. L.





t'RTAIN and drapery manufactur-



ers being obliged to do business. be-



sides having many very new ideas

in fabrics or colors this spring to force

women to buy new goods, have decided

to make it the fashion to use long eur-

tains and drapes again. Curtains, in the

parlor at least, must now lay on the floor

instead of coming barely to the sill, as for

a few seasons back has been the style.

Drapes, of course, come to the floor, too

and thus those women who last spring

got new curtains only long enough to

cover the sash,.must this year invest in

new long ones. Thus business keeps mov-

ing. In the sitting—room, and dining-

room the curtains come just below the

sill, while in the bedrooms they hang an

inch below the sill, if straight, and 12

inches if draped.



Colonial effects are the thing in ere-

tonnes. that is, posies in conventional

lines. Roses, large and small, are espec-

ially good. These are used, as last year,

for bedroom drapes, shirtwaist boxes, box

couches, etc. Blue, pink, yellow, helio—

trope and lavender are very good colors.

These cretonnes in yard-wide goods sell

for 30 and 35 cents the yard. A dotted

background gives them a change from

last year.



Handblocked English prints are chosen

by the women who can pay $1.00 and $1.25

a yard for their draperies. In England 100





 





The New Aurora Cloth.





years ago, prints were stamped from

wooden blocks and these present day fab-

rics are exact reproductions of those old

English designs. The colors are so vivid





 





Colonial Effects Rule in Cretonnes.





as to be almost startling, bright yellow,

red and purple being combined in the

same cloth, but as the shepkeepers claim

they are absolutely unfadable they might

be a good investment. The cretonnes will

fade and none of the best stores attempt

to conceal that fact.

it It It



Another‘unfadable cloth fabric is Au-

rora cloth. This is a mercerized cloth.

shot on a black warp. Openwork squares

are dotted over it, giving the effect of

hand—drawn work. It comes in all colors,

but one shown largely is mulberry tone.

This is a new color which can be used

to good advantage in a blue or gray room

as a complementary tone. The makers

claim that no sun can fade it, and as

proof declare that it hasrbeen exposed for

28 weeks to strong sunlightand has come

through looking as bright as before the

exposure. The cloth.comes in two widths,

yard wide selling for 75 cents and 50-inch

width for $1.00 and $1.50.



Bordered scrims are among the sea-

son’s novelties. The illustration is typical

of this sort of drape, the border showing

on both sides and across the bottom; The

drapes come in three—yard lengths at

$2.40 the pair. Checked scrim is used

for the under curtains.



Lambrequins may be used or not, just

as you like. If your draperies are light

weight cloths it is ,better not to have

them, but many think the heavy weight

materials look better for the lambrequins





 





 

 





 





 





 





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MARCH 4. 31.1.1;





i ' \ Relieve Vim ‘





 





a" ,1





' Stomach





 





Seiul ior nillrec Package oi Stuart’s





Tablets and let Them

wwwl‘i‘gesi Your Food.





Three Things You Must Not Do.





If you have indigestion, loss of appetite,

sour stomach, belching, sour watery ris-

ings, headaches, sleeplessness, lack of am-

bition, nausea and other symptoms pecu-

liar to all stomach troubles, there are

three things you must not do.



First—Don’t neglect your stomacL by

letting it take care of itself, because it

will constantly grow worse. \



Second—Don’t use cheap “tonics,”

“drugs" and “pills," which simply irritate

and inflame the stomach and intestines

and which will ruin your health com-

pletely, and -



Third—Dbn’t starve yourself, because

by so doing you are robbing the body of

its proper nourishment,



A large number of people do one of

these three foolish things. That’s why

they never regain their former health.



Starvation is a common practice among

people who have weak stomachs, but does

it sound reasonable to you to deprive the

body of its nourishment every time you

wish to give the stomach a rest? \Ve

admit that your stomach needs rest, in

fact that's the very point we wish to im-

press upon you, but there is a better,

safer, quicker, and more pleasant way to

give your stomach a rest, than by the

starvation method.



What you need is something that will

take the place of your stomach and do its

work—some substitute that will digest

and assimilate the food, thus giving the

body its proper nourishment, without tax-

ing the stomach.



Stuart’s Dyspepsia Tablets are the best

substitute known, because they contain

the very agencies necessary to digest all

foods. These elements will thoroughly

digest and assimilate any and all foods

so you can eat all you want.



Experiments and tests have proven that

one grain of the active principle contained

in these tablets will digest 3,00: grains of

meat, eggs and other wholesome foods.

One or two of these wonderful tablets

taken after each meal will relieve your

stomach of practically all the work. thus

giving it the much needed rest. Keep this

up for a short time and your stomach will

soon regain its health and strength.



Stuart's Dyspepsia Tablets are put up

in the form of little tablets or lozenges,

are easy and pleasant to take and cannot

lose their strength by evaporation, as

most liquid medicines do.



Stuart's Dyspepsia Tablets are sold in

large 50c boxes [by all druggists in the

United States. '



We would like to have you try them be-

fore you buy, so if you will send us your

name and address we will send you, ab-

solutely free. a sample package of these

wonderful tablets. Write today to F. A.

Stuart, 272 Stuart Bldg, Marshall, Mich.





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 





This

plume

is just the





kind for which you would have

to pay $5.00et any retail .store.

It is extra Wide, fully iii-inches

long, in all colors, With wrilowy

fines of great length that do not

lose their curl easily. Send us $1.00

, today, for this is an opportunity not

to be missed. We offeralso an extra

large and handsome $1.50 plume 3:32.50.

nd our mone mail, e ress or money order.

11:31me that ygugymoncy fill be refunded if the

plume is not cnflrely satisfactory.





I" “ll Ostrich full!“ 00.. BM. ll D.' 513-615 3"”. ll:





 





\ ‘ '





 





 





 

 





HARTSHORN

SHADE ROLLERS





Bear the script name of

Stewart Hartshom on label.

Get “ Improved,” no tacks required.





’ Wood Rollers Tin Rollers





NEW [WRIGHT PIANO FOR SALE.





Astrictly high rade PIANO which Id 1 .350

retail. .will be sold for $139 cash. Piangois a atrial)!

{:ng instrument nnddmay be” and tried

bond- domain. write us. you want a reel

ox care Michigan Farmer. Detroit, Mich.





home for





 





 





 





STARTING RIGHT IN'REGARD TO

. THE POCKETBOOK.





 





BI HELEN mono-AN.



'5 there a neighborhood that does not

I have at least one woman who is a real

martyr because her husband insists

upon having the oversight and “say" in

regard to the spending of every'penny?

There is no surer way to’make a wife's

life‘miserable than for the man to un-

dertake a minute supervision of the do—

mestic financiering. No woman who has

a grain of sense wants to have a man





 





Bordered Scrims Are Dainty.

sticking his nose into everything and dic-

tating about the purchase of all the cloth-

ing and supplies.



A man ought to have, and usually does

have, so many other things on his mind

that he can not give the attention either

to the minutiae of family needs, or to the

qualities and characteristics of the num-

berless different kinds of goods, neces~

sary to make his judgment in such mat-

ters of value. Where there is ever so lit:

tie to spend, the wife and mother can

generally make it go farther and secure

more of comfort for the family, if she

feels free to take her own head for things

and go on without hindrance or criticism.



Many a woman is not only sorely an-

noyed and wounded by the unfeeling as-

sumption by her lord of what she knows

is her rightful prerogative, but she is ac-

tually pained by the knowledge that in

order to keep the peace she must see

the all too slender amount available for

household expenditures laid out unwisely

and inappropriately. Where the circum-

stances are such that there is ample

means for supplying all needs, this un—

called-for supervision is all the more gall-

ing. One woman, nagged to desperation,

thus exclaimed to an intimate friend,

“Oh. if I, could sometime spend five dol-

lars just as I please, and not be told just

how every cent of it must go!”



It seems on first thought that these hus-

bands who are so disagreeably “bossy'

in. regard to money matters, are not only

entirely lacking in any desire to see

things from their wives' point of view.

but that they are thoughtless and even

cruel as well, and it is easy and natural

to pass: very harsh judgment upon their

conduct. But a careful study of a num—

ber of cases that have come under my

personal observation has convinced he

that these men who are so often held up

for neighborhood execration'f are not

worse, either by nature or by deliberate

intention, than are their fellows: In

most instances I have found that the hus-

band had a desire to get along and pros-

per flnanciaily, coupled with a little ten-

dency to want to “run things," and the

wife, instead of exercising in due season

a. tactful repression of this latter trait,

has unconsciously fostered it. Many a

meek little woman whom we can but pity

because she is under a bitter yoke of

financial tyranny, has, in a way, only

herself to blame for the condition of at-

fairs that has come about.



A great deal hinges on the attitude the

young wife assumes in regard to money

matters during the honeymoon. I should

like to whisper in the ear of every bride,

“Be wise now, if ever. Don’t do or say





foolish little things that will give your





husband the impression that you are in-

cllned to be extravagant. Once let that

idea get lodged in his head, and 30 or 40

years of; rigid economy on your part may





 





THE-"MICHIGAN FARMER.





'\ .





not serve to get it out.” I knew one girl

who thought‘it was “cute” and “kitten-

ish," I suppose, to coax her husband to

buy her everything that she saw that

struck her fancy, while they were on

their wedding trip. A sealskin coat. a

diamond brooch, and an inlaid writing

desk were among the things she pleaded

for. She knew he c0uld not afford to buy

her such things, and she had no serious

idea of his getting them, and was not at

all disappointed that he did not. But he

took all her playful requests as if she

had been in dead earnest, and speedily

came to the conclusion that it. would not

answer to trust her with money. NOW

she was really a very economical girl,



d had never spent a dollar needlessly

be ore her marriage. Goodness knows,

she never got a chance afterwards!



The sensible bride will not take the

position of a suppliant and a beggar. She

will assume right from the start that the

finances of her husband and herself are a.

joint affair, and that she has a voice in

their management. She will not let her

life partner think that he is the great

autocrat of the exchequer, and that ev-

ery matter that affects it must be re-

ferred to “him." Once taking the position

that she has the wisdom and judgment

needed to use money advantageously, the

wife is bounl to make good, and put con-

science and thought into laying Out the

family income. I thoroughly believe in

and recommend mutual consultation in

regard to all important matters, but a

Young wife can hardly make a greater

mistake than to fall into the habit of ask-

ing her husband‘s consent to every trivial

outlay. Do this a few years and the av-

erage man will have the idea that he

possesses all the financial judgment there

is upon the premises, and that he can tell

better than anyone else just when it is

necessary to buy a paper of pins or a

gingham apron.



Mothers-in-law are, I think, often

more sinned again than sinning, and

I do not want to say anything that can

be taken as condemning them as a class,

yet I have known a few who made verita-

ble ogres of themselves in regard to the

danghtcr—in-lau"s handling of the purse-

strings. One such case I well remember.

The mother-in-law was quite well along

in years and very much “set in her

ways.” She lived near her son and kept

an eagle eye on every purchase made by

her new daughter-in-law. \thnever her

son dropped in to see her for a few mo-





ments, she would have some comment t0r

make upon what she termed his wife's'





“terrible extravagance.” The sori knew





 





 





Old Patterns Are Revived in the Hand-





Blocked English Prints.



really very little about what it ought to

cost to run a household. and soon came

to believe that he was being mercilessly

“bled" for money. Accordingly, while not

intending to be niggardly with his wife.

he felt called upon to caution her fre-

quently to get along with just as little

as she possibly could.



The daughter-in-law, who, by the way,

was not especially young and had had

considerable experience in using money,

say how things were trending a few

months after her marriage, and one day

look occasion to have a frank talk with

her husband. She gave him plainly to





 

 

 

 





 





. 265



‘:I:I:I:I:I: I I'

This Home-:Made Cough

Syrup will Suprise You





(25)





Stops Even Whooping Cough

Quickly. A Family Supply

' at Small Cost.





WWW





Here is a home-made remedy that takes

hold of a cough instantly and will usually

cure the most stubborn case in 24 hours.

This recipe makes a pint—enough for a

whole family, You couldn't buy as much

or as good ready—made cough syrup for

$2.50.



Mix one pint of granulated sugar with

1/2 pint of warm water, and stir 2 min-

utes. Put 21/2 ounces of Pinex (fifty cents'

worth) in a. pint bottle, and add the

Sugar Syrup. This keeps perfectly and

has a pleasant taste—children like it.

Braces up the appetite and is slightly lax-

ative, which helps end a cough.



You probably know the medical value of

pine in treating asthma. bronchitis, and

other throat troubles, sore lungs. etc.

There is nothing better. Pinex is the

most valuable concentrated compound of

Norway white pine extract. rich in gui<

alcol and all the natural healing pine ele«

ments. Other preparations will not work

in this formula.



The prompt results from this inexpen-

sive remedy have made friends for it in

thousands of homes in the United States

and Canada. which explains why the plan

has been imitated often, but never suc-

cessfully,



A guarantee of absolute satisfaction,

or money promptly refunded, goes with

this recipe. Your druggist has Pinex or

will get it for you. If not, send to The

Pinex (30., 2552 Main St., Ft. W'ayne, Ind.





 





 

 





   





./ f 95,311,,





will”), . .





   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





   





”lens “arse "





Sensible, comfortable

shoes built to stand

the strain of hard, (

everyday service ,.

6 . inch height

Plain or Cap too

Black and Tan

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Please send my Free Copy of Murray'

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A ,L’JYQK \i :,





 

 





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Name

Address '





 





III-I-I-I-I‘
266 - <26);





understand that if he thought his mother

the only woman in the world who could

be trusted- to spend a little money, he

might better have remained with her.

She showed him by facts and figures and

tactful argument that she had hot only

committed no extravagance, but had been

careful and judicious in every expendi—

ture. She assured him that she had his

financial interests, as well as all his other

'interests, very much at heart, and that

she was as anxious that they should pros-'

per as he was. She made him see that

his mother’s ideas were sometimes neith-

er wise nor practical, and that it was

absurd and unreasonable to expect her, a

woman in thep rime of life and feeling

fully her responsibilities, to be dictated

to in the management of her own affairs

by an old lady in her dotagc. He was a

fair-minded man and saw that his wife

was in the right, and wisely determined

that in the future he had best “keep his

nose out,” and let his wife manage the

domestic expenditures as she should

think best. He never had cause to regret

his decision.





THE FILLING PEANUT SANDWICH.





 





BY ISAAC MOTES.

Occasionally we see in the news col-

umns of the daily press something about

some man, woman or child being made

sick by eating roasted peanuts, or per-

haps dying from such a cause. The idea

seems to obtain in the minds of thought-

less people that peanuts are an unheal-

thy, dangerous food, that they cause

blood poisoning, cholera morbus or other

violent disorganizing of the digestive

functions. But if eaten properly, in rea-

sonable quantities by anyone in ordinary

good health, it well masticated, “chewed

to a milk,” as the followers of Fletcher

would say, there is no more danger from

roasted peanuts than from ice cream or

mince pie—probably not as much, while

peanuts are more nutritious than either.

If peanuts are ever injurious it is because

they are eaten in large quantities by a.

child or an old person with poor teeth,

or some person with indigestion or weak

stomach, and they are not chewed thor-

oughly enough. Peanuts are such a com-

pressed food that even grown people, ac-

customed as they are, to eating softer

things, do not realize the necessity of

chewing them thoroughly. No one, not

even the healthy, vigorous, robust busi-

ness man, who buys his nickel‘s worth

of salted peanuts, chews them enough to

get out of them all the nutrition they

contain, and unless chewed very fine

they are hard to digest, the same as pop-

corn, cocoanut, almonds or any other

compressed food.



I’eanuts partake both of the nature of

peas and of nuts, that is, they are hard,

and they contain a good deal of protein,

ash and starch (carbohydrates), like dry

peas and haricot and lima beans. They

also contain a good deal of fat or oil like

walnuts, pecans and other nuts. This

makes them a better balanced ration than

either peas, beans or any of the nuts.

The most nutritious of the bean family

are white haricot beans and lima beans,

and while peanuts are a good deal below

them in starch (carbohydrates), and

somewhat below haricot beans in protein,

yet they contain more than 14 times as

much oil or fat as the beans. And al-

though they are below the beans in ash,

they contain enough of this to make them





 





THE 'MICHIG

might disorganize digestion and cause

severe colic and possibly cholera morbus.

But not once in ten million cases would

they injure a. healthy, hearty, vigorous

farmer boy working in the fields, or a ro-

bust man doing physical work.



The fact that peanuts interfere with

digestion when improperly eaten proves

nothing against them, for many foods are

injurious if taken improperly: A glass

of good rich milk, if drank very cold and

all at once by a child, would be bad for

it. The milk would chill its stomach, and,

swallowed quickly, would curdle in the

stomach in one clot, thus preventing the

digestive juices from acting upon it, dis-

organize digestion and perhaps cause

colic, constipation or cholera morbus, and

possibly lead to the child's death. If the

milk were not so cold, and was taken in

small quantities along with other food,

it would cause no injurious effects.



If peanuts are eaten in the form of well

made sandwiches there will be no injur—

ious effects. In this form they will be

not only toothsome and palatable, but

easily digested and will form almost a

perfectly balanced ration. By this is

meant a ration in which about twelve

twenty-fifths of its nutritive content is

carbohydrates, about five twenty-fifths

protein, between three twenty-fifths and

four twenty-fifths fat, with a small per-

centage of ash. We require more carbo-

hydrates than of all other nutritive ele-

ments combined, and food is relished bet-

ter, is more palatable and contains more

natural nourishment if the carbohydrates,

are obtained from both the starches and!

sugars.



To make good peanut butter for sand-

wiches, the peanuts should be well roast—

ed, shelled, the skins rubbed off and the

peanuts put through the finest knives of

a good food chopper, then salted slightly,

mixed with a very little olive oil, thick,

sweet cream or fresh butter. Spread up—

on good thick slices of white or graham

bread, or large corn muflins, the sand-

wiches are as easily digested as an egg

or good lean beef sandwich. They are

more nutritious than any other sandwich,

and form a better balanced ration, be-

cause the thicker the layer of peanut but—

ter, the more nutritious the sandwiclLt

and the better balanced the nutrients:

are. While in the beef sandwich, if you

strive to make it a better balanced ration

you have to put in less filling, with thick

slices of bread, in order that the protein

of the bread and meat will be a little less

than half as great as, the carbohydrates

of the bread, (the beef containing no car-

bohydrates). This makes the sandwich

less nutritious and less toothsome, while

with the peanut sandwich the thicker the

layer of nut butter you put within the

slices the more nutritious the sandwich,

and at the same time it continues to be

a reasonably well balanced ration, al-

though containing a little too much fat.

Even then it is a better balanced food

than the beef sandwich containing an ex-

cess of lean meat.



The following table giving the relative

nutrition of several varieties of sand-

wiches shows that the dainty little peanut

sandwich by no means suffers in compar-

ison with the others. \Vhere wheat bread

is named, whole wheat is meant. The

table is only relatively correct, for it is





 





AN "FARMER.





I



‘ _ WENTY years ago the oil lamp

had already been driven out, of

the city into the country home,



.Where gas could not follow—so we



thought.



In those days we would have laughed

at the idea of a country home lighted

with gaslight.



But like the telephone and free mail

delivery gaslight has finally left the

city to become a common rural con-

venience.



In the year 1911, the up-to-date vil-

lager or farmer not only lives in a gas-

lightcd house, same

as his city cousin,

but when he drives

home on a cold,

wet night he actu- ~

ally lights up his

barn, his barnyard

or porches on his

house with this

gas-light by simply

turning an “igni-

tion” button on a _

post or wall.



* 'X' *



And this change

seems quite like

magic when you

consider that this

rural gas-light is

home-made— made CRUSHED 810KB

by the family it-

self right on the premises.



Take fifteen minutes once a month

to make all that can be used in a

large house.



The magic is all in the curious manu-

factured stone known commercially as

“Union Carbide.”



This wonderful gas-producing sub-

stance, “Union Carbide,” looks and

feels just like crushed granite. For

country home use it. is packed and

shipped from warehouses located all

over the United States in sheet steels.

cans containing 100 pounds.



Union Carbide won’t burn, can’t ex-

plode, and will keep in the original

package for years in any climate. For

this reason it is safer to handle and

store about the premises than coal.



5(- -5(- *





Ill/”I ‘

”/1” j





- ...‘ ,.....uul”





“\“u “.2





" u. o-.uuun|l””





”I

w-v‘onuuuulll”; I“ ‘

“Hon-untitlI/I’





 





 





All that is necessary to make

“Union Carbide” give up its gas is to

mix it with plain water—the gas, which

is then instantly generated, is genuine

Acetylene.



When p i p e d to

handsome brass chan-

deliers and fixtures

Acetylene burns with

an intensely brilliant,

stiif flame, that the

wind can’t affect.



This flame makes

light so white in

color that it is com-





 





impossible to say just how thick the slices

of bread may be, or how much meat, egg,

or peanut butter may be put between the!

slices.





 





. Carbo- I



Protein. Fat. hydrates. Ash. ‘

Peanut sandwich. with corn bread ........ 26.2 28.1 91.4 2.2

Peanut sandwich. with wheat bread ...... 29.5 25.9 87.5 3.0

Peanut butter alone .................... . 17.3 25.9 16.3 1.3

Corn bread alone ....................... . 8.9 2.2 75.1 .9

\Vhole wheat, bread alone ............... 12.2 71.2 1.7

Beef sandwich, with corn bread ......... . 22.1 22.4' 75.1 1.6

Beef sandwich, with wheat bread ....... . 25.4 20.2 71.2 2.4

Beef alone .............................. . 13.2 20.2 .7

Egg sandwich, with corn bread .......... 22.0 11.7 75.1 1.8

Egg . .ndwich, with wheat bread ....... . 25.3 9.5 71.2 2.6

Eggs lone ............................... 13.1 9.5 .9





 





a well balanced ration, so that a man can

come nearer living on roasted peanuts

~alone than on navy or lima beans alone.

The only difference in favor of the beans

is that they, are more digestible than the

roasted peanuts unless the. latter are very

thoroughly chewed, more thoroughly than

even a healthy person will chew them, to

say nothing of an unthinking child who

eats them in considerable quantities un-

mixed with other food.



Peanuts should not, therefore, be eaten

in large quantities between meals by old

people, or people with weakened digestive

functions, or by small children, especially

during cold weather, when they cannot

get out and romp in the yard, but are

cooped up in over~heated rooms. In such

cases there would be a possibility of the

peanuts having an injurious effect. They





From this table we see that all these

sandwiches are not only toothsome, but

very nutritious, and each forms a pretty

well balanced ration, so there are more

and better reasons for commending the

sandwich than the mere matter of its

being neat and convenient to carry.



Keeping in mind the proportion, already

given, of nutrients which a balanced ra-

tion should contain, we see that these

sandwiches all form a reasonably well

balanced ration, but it is on account

of the good whole wheat bread or corn

bread used in making them, for when we

compare the fillings alone we see that the

peanut sandwich is far and away the

best balanced food. While it contains to

much fat and rather too much carbohy-

drates to be a perfectly balanced food 1

contains more ash than any of the oth





 





monly called “Artificial Sun- ’ '

light.”

Experiments conducted by Cor-





Homeomade GasoLight

From Crushed Stone





 





/ \\\\\};\\im -I///,,





l \\ \\'~\’\‘tl

‘ , figs“





1





(





MARCH 4, 1511.

’





nell University have proven that it will

grow plants the same as sunlight itself.



Physicians recommend Acetylene as

a germicide and a remedy for eye-

strain, and it is used as an illumi-

nant in fifty-four hospitals in New

York City alone.



Then, too, Acetylene is so pure that

you might blow out the light and sleep

all night in a room with the burner

open without any injurious effects

whatever.



On account of its being burned in

permanent brass fixtures attached to

walls and ceilings, Acetylene is much





safer than smoky, smelly oil lamps,





which can easily be tipped over.



For this reason the Engineers of the

National Board of Insurance Under-

writers called Acetylene safer than

any illuminant it commonly displaces.



In addition to all these advantages,

Acetylene light is inexpensive.



An Acetylene light of 24; candle-

power costs only about 4 cents for

ten hours’ lighting, while for the same

number of hours regular oil lamps of

equal volume cost about 6 cents in ker-

osene, chimneys and wicks on the

average.



* * *



Consider this carefully and you will

hardly wonder at the fact that there

are today no less than 185,000 town

and country homes lighted with home-

made Acetylene, made from “Union

Carbide. ’ ’



Once a month Some member of the

family must dump a few pounds of

“Union Carbide” in a small_tank—like

machine which usually sets in one cor-

ner of the basement.



This little tank-like machine is auto-

matic—it does all the work—it makes

no gas until the burners are lighted and

stops making gas when the burners are

shut off.



The lights located in every room in

your house, on your porches, in your

horse and cow barns, or barnyards and

chicken yards if you like, will all be

ready to turn on with a twist of the

wrist or a touch of the button at any

time of the day or night. '



No city home can be as brilliantly or

as beautifully illuminated as any one

of these 185,000 homes now using

Acetylene.



* 4(- *



If you want to be up-to-date, enjoy

modern conveniences,

and keep the young

folks at home, write

us how many rooms

and buildings you

have. We will send

you free an intensely

interesting lot of

facts, figures and

booklets.



.Tust address Union Carbide Sales

Company, 157 Michigan Ave., Chic

cago, Ill. Dept. A.—-34.





   

 

 





 





THAT’S ,





LUMBAGD





Painful but not dangerous.





Rub on a few times





this well tried. old-time home remedy





sl JABUBS ”IL





Pain goes!

Druggists

25c. and IT 0

500.





You’ll be sorry you didn’t try it sooner





ouousns PAIN





The 50c Bottle Contains 3 Times as Much





 





as the 25c Size





 





Choice Virginia Farms filing C. & O. R’y





as low as $15.00 PER ACRE. Abundant rainfall, rich soil, mild winters, nearby Eastern markets.

R IN .VIRGINIA” (100 pafis) and low excursion





Write for illustrated booklet, “COUNT Y .LIFE





rates. Address K. T. CRAWLEY. Indus. Agt. Chesapeake 6: Ohio R'y, Box





X. Richmond, Va.





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M.





MARCH 4. 191.1. , I ,





ers, a very necessary elements in the

building up'eand:‘rynlbflna of brain. bone

and’ muscle.._ Also,- although the table

doesh’t show ‘Ithls- the peanut sandwich





’ ', furnishes more calories (heat and energy





units). to the pound than any of the oth-

er‘sandwiches'.’ The table also shows that

sandwiches made with wheat bread are

better than those made with corn bread.

It should be borne in mind. too, that

that sandwich is best where the filling is

itself a. reasonably well balanced ration,

and not where the bread which encloses

it is so necessary to make it a balanced

ration.



Sandwiches made of tongue, ham, pork,

veal, mutton and other meats would not

'vary greatly from these totals, and they

would all suffer in the same way by com-

parison-with the peanut sandwich. For,

while they all vary somewhat in their

protein and fat content, they are all de-

ficient or totally lacking in carbohydrates,

the‘element needed in the largest quan-

tity to form a balanced ration.



In view of the showing made by this

table it is surprising that the tasty pea-

nut sandwich is not found oftener in the

lunches carried by school children, de-

partment store salesgirls, workingmen

and office men generally who would rath-

er eat a cold lunch prepared by their

wives at home than go to restaurants and

quick-lunch counters.





THE LETTER BOX.





 





Train Children to Assume Responsibilities.



Editor Household Dept.~—A considerable

portion of the household department of

the Michigan Farmer is read by at least

“one of the men,” those articles that are

of general interest. The one on “Unsol-

fish Mothers" was certainly to the point.

It is a very easy matter for a mother to

make a slave of herself. I have in mind

one such woman, the mother of a family

of eight. Not only were the children not

taught to aid in the tasks about the

house. but this mother waited on them to

a large extent. The “baby" of the fam-

ily grew up with a nature particularly

selfish. I have heard it said that the

mother has even got up in the middle of

the night to bake warm bread for this

member of the family. This was years

ago. The children are now men and

women grown, and the mother still alive,

(a wonder), but with health broken down.

It was the mother’s easygoing nature

and her method of household discipline

(‘3) that was at fault. I recollect making

this family a visit years ago, riding a

wheel 50 miles. I was somewhat leg

weary after riding such a distance, but

not so much so but that I took the water

pail from this woman’s hand, as she

started for the pump soon after my ar-

rival.



Early training is what counts. Modern

psychological science shows why. The

suggestions made upon the subconscious,

arising through environmental influences,

are bound to appear sooner or later in the

conscious nature of an individual, in what

is known as character.



I have youthful recollections of hear-

ing father “jaw” because mother would

persist in the attempt to pick up, chips.

bring wood, water, and the like. I pre-

sum the habit was the result of her

early training, (or lack of training. My

mother was a sister of the mother of the

family we have been writing about).

Father had his own ideas of the matter,

however, and we boys brought the wood

and water and did such like chores

whether it was agreeable to our wishes

or not.



Now, our three boys and girl are com-

ing up under the same sort of training,

only more of it, and more scientifically

directed.



The dishwashing proposition as pre-

sented by you in your department last

week, was especially interesting to me.

I know something about dishwashing,

knowledge gained through practical ex-

periencc. In fact, I have served quite a

lengthy apprenticeship in general house-

hold work, first as my mother's assistant

and later in keeping “bachelor hall." 1

have found the experience of economical

and domestic value, too, since taking to

myself a better half. I see nothing in

dishwashing, however, that should give

one the nightmare. The work itself is

no more disagreeable to me than many

other kinds of work, inside or outside of

the house. Possibly I have an inherent

like for such work. Be this as it may,

my accomplishments in this direction

have come in mighty handy on many oc-

casions. In view of the ever increasing

perplexity‘ of the problem of domestic

help. it seems to me that as an act of





 





‘aflalrs, and be able to render creditable





 





‘THB ‘ MICHIGAN ’FA‘RMER.‘





wisdom. boys as well as girls should be

trained in all things relating to domestic





and efllcient aid in promoting the best

interests of the home whenever such as-

sistance is needed. At any rate, our boys

are being trained according to this view

of the case. True, it is a. great “bother'

to thus train children. It would often be

much easier to do the chore one's self.

But this isa part of parental responsi-

bility. Children thus trained, take hold

of the work better when grown up, and





are much better fitted to cope with the '





problems of life, when the time comes for

them to strike out into the world for

themselves. We find in Our own parental

experience, that our children are learning

to take hold of the work, just because

they are interested in the affairs of the

home, and are anxious to see its interests

prosper. I believe it is good for children

to begin to realize early in their life,

that there are responsibilities to be borne

and that all should have a share in them.

From the viewpoint of the indifferent

unthinking parent, it may appear to be a

good thing for children to grow up care-

free, but children who grow up in this

manner must at some future time as-

sume life's responsibilities under great

disadvantages—M. N. E.





. RECIPES.





 





We do not pay for recipes. If you are





 

 





 





 

 





 





~ WASHINGTON

co





Sensitive. feverish, aching feet get lasting relief from

Martha Washington Comfort Shoes. They fit like a

glove and are as easy as a stocking. N 0 buttons or laces—

just complete and lasting comfort.





MARTHA WASHINGTON COMFORT SHOES





rest the feet. Be sure you get the genuine. There are many Inferior im-





itaflom. R ectaa counter cit a thing a ered that has not the Ma er

d mung and rude ark stamped on the sole. fillC





a

best merchant: handle the genuine. ;

The real Martha Washington has the

name and the Mayer Trade Mark

stamped on the sole. If you can ’t find

a dealer, write to us.





”11—" ylou wiflheen‘gl, Balthgomnnncas 0: sales?“ $732433:

not and Mann ns’n n omo oen .

send youofroe. postpsid. a beautiful picture 0! Martha

'1 .

/



/





 

 

   

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

   

   

 

 





""" Ween one 15:20. , .

7 ' Woun‘l‘e‘y‘omake Honorbm Shoes for Men. Loading /

lied: Shoes. Yet-ma Cushion Shoes. Merit /



5 /





Shoes and Mayer Wort Shoes.





 





\ r. MAYER 3001' a sac:





 





 





glad to get the “favorite recipe" of oth-

ers, send yours in as even exchange.

Filling for Custard Pie.



One egg. one pint of sweet milk, one

heaping teaspoon of corn starch, four

tablespoons of sugar. Moisten the corn

starch with a little milk and stir into

the milk and beaten egg. Add the sugar.

mix well. flavor with vanilla and bake in

one crust.



Cocoa Cake.



One cup brown sugar, two teaspoons

cocoa, two-thirds cup of buttermilk, one

tablespoon of butter or lard, one teaspoon

soda. Season with vanilla. Make stiffer

than layer cakes and stir thoroughly.——A

Friend.



Orange Marmalade.



Take one large grapefruit, one large

orange and one large lemon. Cut all

three into as thin slices as possible, re-

jecting nothing but the seeds of all and

the tough white membrane which sepa-

rates the sections of the grapefruit. Meas-

ure and add three times the quantity of

water. Let stand over night and in the

morning boil ten minutes and let stand

until the next morning. Measure again

and add sugar, cup for cup. Then boil

until it jellies, about three-quarters of an

hour. This makes a large quantity of

marmalade—G. P.



Fruit Salad.



One pineapple cut up fine and sprinkled

with sugar in the morning, let stand

until late in the afternoon; then slice

thin six bananas. three oranges out fine,

and the juice of two lemons, Whip one

pint of cream quite thick, mix all to-

gether and serve ice cold—M. B.



Carrot Salad.



Slice cold boiled carrots and mix them

with mayonnaise or boiled salad dressing,

masking the top nicely. Garnish the dish

with sprays of carrot leaves,

and there a small red pepper.



Who Will Send 3 Fruit Cake Recipe?



Dear Editorz—I am sending you this

inquiry for publication. Will some sister

give, through The Farmer, a good recipe

for fruit cake that will keep a year or

more, one that has been tried and found

reliable7—Mrs. J. M,, East Jordan.



Molasses Drop Cookies.



One cup sugar, one cup sour milk, one

cup molasses, half cup melted lard, one

teaspoon soda, half teaspoon ginger. cin-

namon and nutmeg. Enough flour to

make right consistency. These are de-

licious and easily made—Mrs. R. A. H.,

Goodrich.





 





PRACTICAL FLOWERS FOR THE

HOUSEMOTHER'S GARDEN.





 





BY MARY MASON W'BJGHT.



We cannot make our suroundings too

beautiful, and nothing adds more to the

beauty of a home than flowers and grace-

ful vines. Often the housemother's time

is limited, and it seems almost impossible

to add flower culture to the many other

duties that fall to her lot, much as she

desires to do so.



For such a one we would recommend

the growing of perennials and hardy

flowering plants. Once planted they re-

quire very little care. and in these plants

the possibility of a failure is reduced to

a minimum for their roots extend down

deep in the ground so do not readily





 





 





 





with here





 





60.. Milwaukee. Wis.

ll [Mill TOWN

and district to





WANTED-RIDER AGE"





hibit a sample 191: Model “Baum!” bicycle furnished ’by us. Our agents every-

-- where are makin mone fast. Write at once for full partuulars and speczal‘cyen

NO MONEY (£111 D until you receive and approve of your bicycle. .e ship to

‘ an one, an here in t e U. S. without a can: deposit in advance,dprepa _ frag/1t, and

a low TEWDAY ’ FREE TRIAL during which time you may n e the icycle and put

it to any-test you wish. If you are then not perfectly satisfied or do not Wish to keep the

bicycle you may ship it back to us at our expense andyou wall not be out one cent.

We furnish the highest grade bicycles it is possible to make

L w FAcTon' Pam“ at one small profit above actual factory cost. You savefi‘lo to ’25

Inlddlcmen's profits by bu ing direct of us and have the manufacturer's guarantee behind your

DO NOT BUYya bicycle or a pair of tires from anymre at any price until you receive





 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 





 





' ‘ . our catalogues and learn our unheard offacw"! PW 5‘ “‘1 "m”w" "“5“" ”i‘”

- ‘ you W'LL BE ‘sTofllSfiEn when you receive our beautiful catalogue and study

‘ a

td l l ri . 0rd filled tl e d re eivcd.

“0mm 23:3mlclpclaYtéilgu—bfiglrfitgd Excusmber tack; in tra‘dc bayy oucr Chicago retail stores will

‘~. '\ I. —b twrlce rods 1‘ Our Large Catalogm beautiful v illustrated and containing a great fund 01

(t ' 133:ng I‘nNaAttc'Ianduuseful Intermezzo. It only costs a postal to get everything. Write it now.

. \ I

light. Brighter than electric ty or

acetylene. 100 candle power. No grease,

MACH IN E R Y in Amgrica- Vi:

lave een ma .

~m"?§.‘{;‘§;”g‘§; figggfa‘ffifn‘“ write ing it for over 20 years.

TH

I I

Austin Manufacturing 00., Chicago

’ i

M





15‘1" x: ‘5)“ l ' ‘ f can make ring We will lhgohighest grade Ficyclgrazll‘gflgrngfigezttm :13; 35173833313? at:

I. ‘1‘ ‘ i f ' satisfied I! t 1.00pm ta ve actory cos .

i it , .

i fiii‘édsgmé‘é‘i‘fi-fi‘h’fif”nief§3§ZVifiéffitfisifinfl°iiém..... ...,....

!

MEAD CYCLE CO. Dept. 8-77 CHICAGO, ILL.

.. . THE LARGEST AND BEST LINE OF

THE BEST ' LIGHT

dirt nor odor. hted instantly. Costs

2 eta. per week. ver 200 styles. Every

- D t b til

19 BEST LIGHT (:0. see our new Illustrated Catatl‘ogge ngltll? 8:33

g8” I. 5th 8t" Canton. Ohio

)2?»





BICYCLE DEALERS, you can sell out bicycles

. l l l .

" and everythin in the bicycle line at half usual prices.

. l I

. ‘A portable, pure white, steadyf safe WEI I DRII I Inc

for i t now. It is FREE.

MAKES AND BURNS ITS OWN GAS





 





 





 

 





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Your Desire for Running Wate

Ma Now Be Fulfilled





Every drop 0 water you now carry in buckets for any

purpose, in fair weather or foul, may be drawn from a “faucet

, if within the house. An ample supply piped for bathroom, kitchen,



h." 1‘ " laundry, sprinkling, watering stock and fire protection can be

' made a reality—with the force supplied day and night by the





air pressure of the





Placed in your basement or buried underground, no matter where you live, your





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lant is protected from freezing—the water is always clean. pure and of equable temperature.

th hard and soft running water. hot as well as cold, can be piped where you want it under

as much pressure as you desire. t t n :1 Ma '1 77].. Con on

The value of a Leader WaterfSystenlla to yiglll‘mlfglld : C" On a ' l p

‘ famil will be evident every hour 0 every y- canuo in a

any signs!) be called a luxury. [its cost depends upon your : LEADER IRON WORKS.

needs—the sizes range from a small hand outfltto the largest : 2808 Jasper 8L. Decatur. Ill.

engine or motor driven plants for hotels. clubs. school bulld- : Without cost or obligation an“ no

ings, isolated institutions, and even villages and towns. : your book. “The Question of Water."

Thelto infield in "The Ques-

Th k ti‘m‘iu qf (later-."twhichf me will E

. trade-mar g a y sen on re um o 8 con.

e you, Sign and m.“ “tn—day, 5 Name ........................ .........u.

I

I

on the plant you buy Leader Iron Works : R F D ”B”

is your assurance of Decatur.lll.andOwego.N.Y. a . . . .

i “mgfiqt‘i’a‘ mMake NewYork City Office,“ wunun as. ii

L "m” '3 9 Chicago omoe. toned-och meet : rm sass-W. I

3:.
268 (28)





freeze in the winter, or be subject to ‘the

heat in mid-summer as do the tender

annuals with their shallower root growth.

All that these plants particularly require

is that they be manured each spring, and

that they are dug about the-roots to

keep the weeds and grass from crowding

them out,



These herbaceous plants, as they are

called, usually like a rich, deep, mellow

soil, such as we usually find in our gar-

dens. See that the soil is good and you

will be rewarded with much finer flow—

ers. One can either start with seeds or

plants. If you wish bloom right away the

first summer you must start with plants,

since plants raised from seed do not

bloorri the first summer except with a few



' exceptions, like the dianthus and Queen

carnations. Sow the seed early in the

spring, the seed of the perennials that

bloom the first season ought to be sowed

in the house in March or April, and re-

member that the seeds of perennials do

not generally germinate as quickly as

do those of annuals so do not become

impatient and dig them up. Although

most of these herbaceous plants are per—

fectly hardy through the winter yet we

find that even the hardiest are much the

better for the covering of leaves put on

in the fall.



Perennials come in great variety, and

may be very advantageously used for al-

most every conceivable purpose, such as,

for backgrounds, borders, bedding pur-

poses, rock work, in individual specimen

plants, porch boxes, pots and vases. In

fact, they make a most brilliant showing,

and produce strong and massive effects

which no annuals are capable of produc-

ing. Among the most satisfactory of the

early herbaceous plants we would men-

tion, the peony which has been much im-

proved of late years, the columbine, the

bellis, or double daisy, which should be

protected during the winter, the peren-

nial varieties of candytuft and alyssum,

and the iris. Plants of the peony must

be grown from tubers, which should be

procured of the ilorist in the spring. They

are not likely to bloom the first season,

but will bloom the second year and will

increase in size from year to year, re.-

warding you with their beautiful and

showy blossoms. Sow the seed of the

hardy candytuft where it is to remain,

giving them a rich, deep soil, and water

during dry spells and when they come

into bloom you will have a solid mass of

white. Both candytuft and alyssum are

better for a little pruning during the

summer. Both oi these flowers are fine

for rockeries. “'e find the iris to be a

grand plant in every way; it will grow

in sandy locations where few other How-

crs will blossom, although it wants a free

circulation of air around it. This plant

likes a moist soil during the summer, but

like the lilies, should have good drainage

in the spring. Its beautiful orchid-like

flowers running through all the colors of

blue, yellow, violet, maroon to purest

white, are simply fine for cutting pur-

poses. They are of very easy culture and

should be found in every busy house-

mother’s garden.



For bedding purposes we find nothing

quite equals the perennial phlox, peren-

nial poppies, sweet IVililam and dianthus

or Queen carnation, not the greenhouse

carnation. l‘hlox is very easy of culture

and a very profuse bloomer. A bed or

border of this will produce a solid mass

of color for weeks; and the beauty of

those flowers is that you can find them in

almost every color imaginable and there-

fore can produce color effects with them

to suit the taste and fancy. For a showy

bed nothing will be finer than the peren-

nial scarlet poppies; they are a single

blossom nearly six inches across and

when cut will last much longer than the

annual varieties and are used much for

cutting purposes. The period of bloom is

also usually longer than the annual varie-

ty. The old-fashioned sweet “‘illiam is

not only fine for bedding, but makes fine

borders as well, and is very easily raised

from seed. “'c have a bed which was

planted several years ago that is the ad-

miration of all who see it. XVe sow fresh

seed every few years to keep the stock

renewed for, as the plants become older

they will often become weaker and the

blossoms not so large. They are self-

sowing and if it was not for renewing the

stock occasionally it would be quite un-

necesary to sow fresh seed for new

plants come up every spring.



Among the most desirable perennials

for background, we would mention the

hollyhocks, as they have been improved,

larkspur, which will grow to be the

height of five or six feet, helianthus and

foxgloves. Hollyhocks, if rightly grown,

are an ornament to any lawn or garden.





 





\Ve seldom find the single sorts grown

now, instead we have those that are as

double as roses, in all the richest colors,

as well as the more delicate shades, and

some of the new fringed varieties are

truly marvels of beauty. Sow the seed

early in March or April. When they come

up thin out and allow to remain until

September, when they should be trans-

planted to the place where they are to

flower.



\Ve have very few blue flowers and

when we come across one as desirable as

the blue larkspur we should make the

most of it. The larkspur is found in oth-

er colors, but the intense blue, of. the

lavender shade is much the more rich and

desirable. Its foliage is very pretty, and

so many stalks will be produced on a

single plant as to form a clump three

feet across. Its flowers are borne in

spikes two feet in length. Seed may be

sown in the spring or late midsummer,

and plants may be prepared by dividing

the roots. They will enjoy a partial

shade. They make charming backgrounds

for yellow flowers. The helianthus is a

fine late 'bloomer and will produce masses

of solid yellow bloom; these flowers are

fine for cutting.



For single specimen plants among the

herbaceous plants we know of nothing

finer than the Funkia, or white day lily,

and Yucca filamentosa; these both have

a tropical apearance. The Funkia pro-

duces delightfully fragrant trumpet--

shaped flowers. They grow in clumps

and the clumps will increase very fast,

so you will soon have a‘ large tropical

looking plant if not disturbed. They like

plenty of moisture and will enjoy it if you

throw the dishwater and soapsuds oc-

tasionally about their roots; they require

little or no attention apart from this, ex-

cept their annual dressing of manure.

The Yucca has fiower stalks five or six

feet high, bearing an immense paniclei

of creamy, hell-shaped flowers. It leaves

are evergreen. i



Among the low-growing perennials that

are nice for borders are the verbenas,‘

mysotis, daisies, and alyssums. VerbenasS

are nice for porch boxes. Of course, you

will want a bed of pansies in your gar-

den; they like a rich, moist loam, and

will thrive in a partially shady location,-

although they do very well in the sun.

They should have protection in the win-

tcr as they are not entirely hardy.





 





'THE FARMER PATTERNS.

These patterns may be secured from the

Michigan Farmer. In ordering be sure to

give number and size.





 





 





 





 





 





 





No. 4986—Ladies’ Waist—Six sizes. 32

to 42 inches bust measure, For 3‘; bust

it requires two yards, 36 inches wide.

l‘rice 1:7 cents.



No. 4855—Ladies’ Seven-Gored Skirt.—

Six sizes, 22 to 32 inches waist measure. .

For 24 waist it requires 51/: yards, 36‘

inches wide. Price 15 cents. I



No. 3972—Ladles One-piece Closeo

Drawers.—Nine sizes, 22 to 38 inches,‘

waist measure. For 24 waist it requires

11:; yards, 34 inches wide, with four yards

edging, seven inches wide. Price 10‘





rue ‘ MICHIGAN ’FA‘R‘ME‘R.





 





s





 





Wil You ’WositePt

FREE Banks Telling furnace Facts

That Make UsWarm Friends?-





Investigate This Farm Home

Furnace For Any Kind of Fuel





, Let ushehd you this Home Heating Book, with other booklets and prices first-

Now 3 the time to investigate—Think it: over. We will save you first. cost and lasting

economy and reduce your fuel bills )2 to 23. Find out about. the experience of thou-

sands of satisfiedbwners of IIollands—Double Grate Surface—Patented Cored Air-ad-

mitting Double Firepot, burning fuel from sides and top, nature's way, for greatest

even heat. Consumcs gas, 'soot. and clinkers with least smoke. No explosions. Book

tells all improved tested pomts. convenience and satisfaction of the Holland. Unlike

others. Less joints. No bolts. Simpler and easier and cleaner to run. Ideal damper

arrangement. Consumes less fuel. Gives longest service from construction and double

materials used where strains are greatest. Save money with





Holland “Esorifl‘i‘nfi‘? Furnace





FREE Years of experience in the heating business has





   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   





fire line up and that is why the combustion chamber

. of the Holland Furnace is over an inch thick at the

top where our patented radiator is placed. Radiator

is cast. in one piece and altogether from the basé

to the top, our furnace has but five joints.

Burns any fuel—soft coal—slack screens—hard

coal, lignite, or wood with least waste. Smoke

travels twice as far, no heat wasted. Equal heat all

through the house in all pipes. Special Double

Guarantee. Book has many other points to tell

you.





Save 1/2 to 2/3 on Fuel





Our fuel-saving claims for the Holland

have been proven by thousands of satisfied

owners. You be the judge. Just send

name on postal for our Big Catalog—Free

with other Home Heating Booklets

and prices. Who’s your dealer?





 

 





taught us that. the strain in any furnace is from the





 

   

   

 

   

 

 

   

   

   

   

 

   

   

 

   





Holland Furnace Co.,

Dents

Holland, Mich.





   

   

 





 





 





0.3 BROWNIE CAMERA





Pictures 3% X 4V. Price $4.00.





This latest addition to the popular Brownie

family meets the demand for a camera, which is

equipped with the essentials for a high class of

amateur work, but is so simple that even the

Children can use it with good results.





This camera has the first quality meniscus

achromatic lens, Eastman rotary shutter, fixed

focus, two view finders, so that either vertical or

horizontalexposures can be made. It is a neat

and attractive camera, covered with handsome

imitation grain leather. It is a convenient shape

to carry, and weighs but 24 ounces. This Brownie

takes four, six or twelve exposure Kodak film

cartridges,and like the Kodak,loads in daylight.





Axkyonr n’cn/rr or writ: urfnr afrrz nrfy of

“:1! Home [Fir/L (/13 [Coda/t,"

our unucst boulder.

EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY.

389 State Street, ROCHESTER, N. Y.





 





 





 





 





 





 

 





 





 





   

 





A $50 MACHIN 02°12 $19





New Model with Ball Bearing Head and Stand--

Automatic Tension Releasanutomatic Lift

Drop HeadnHigh Arm-yOaK or Walnut Table.





WePaythe Freight

‘ miow90 Days’ Trial





Our new model, im—

proved Mich. Farmer sew—

ing machine has cam

thread take up, giving

better control of the

thread and making a bet—

ter stitch than any other

arrangement. Running it

backwards will not break

the thread. It has high-

est arm, disc tension, au~

tomatic bobbin winder

with loose band wheel,

high lift for heavy work.





 

 

 

 

 

 





All.





 

 

   





MODERN

Guaranteed for

"‘"m'l - 20 YE 5

NEWS. Ball-Bearlng AR 0

' Steel Pltman and money refunded if not satis-

factory after 90 days’ trial. Com-

plete attachments, accessories

COMPLETE and illustrated book free. We

guarantee this machine to be

IN EVERY first-class in every particular,

handsome in appearance and

RESPECT. equal to any machine made.





 





 





cents. I



No. 5236—Ladies’ Dressing Sa<:k.——Cutg

in six sizes, 32 to 42 inches bust measure.I

Size 36 bust requires 214 yards of 36-inch;

material, four yards of edging and 31/2

yards of ribbon Price 15 cents.



No. 3730—Children’s Tucked Empire

Dress.——Three sizes, 1, 3, and 5 years.

For three years it requires 21,9 yards, 36

inches wide. Price 10 cents.





 

 

 

 





 





Same machine without the au-

tomatic Llft for only $18.





Good Machines as low as $12.





For $7 extra will send the :19 machine with automatic lift in a. hand—

some cabinet frame. . .



'We prepay freight to any freight station east of the Mississxppi River, or

south to Tennesse. You cannot afford to buy a machine until you have

sent for our handsome illustrated free catalog, printed in colors. .





THE MICHIGAN FARMER, Detroit, Mich‘.





 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





alfnrlhesE"





 





 





 





_:3§§S&v—;_





a. , a,
.: <3;fo —‘





.. >f¢2‘°'~’«.' “ ‘





 





 





 





 

 

 

 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





PAYS -





‘- MORE MONEY





GIVES~





MORE SATISFACTION.





NO STOCK CANTHRIVE IF PESTERED



WITH LICE ,TICKS,MITES, FLEAS,

. .SCAB,MANGE,AND OTHER SKIN,

I . DISEASES.



, TO CLEAN OUT THESE

,PARASITES, GUARD AGAINST

CONTAGIOUS DISEASES,

‘CLEANSE, PURIFY, AND

DEODORIZE . U SE.





Kreso £3”





STANDARDIZED.





UNIFORM,DEPENDABLE,EFFICIENT. on:

GALLON or KRESO DIP N0.I MAKES so

To IOO muons or SOLUTION(DEPENDING

upon WHAT use is 10 BE MADE or IT.)





' A REAL NECESSI'TY ABOUT

HORSES.CATTLE,SHEEP.SWINE,

DOGS, GOATS AND POULTRY.





FOR SALE BY ALL DRUGGISTS.

WRITE FOR FREE CIHCULARS. ASK FOR lIAFLET

DESCRIBING A NEW CEMENT HOG WALLOW I? You





ARE mrrnes-‘rro. l!"

ricochet, ll

v..t,~,\o.ianti.m , ‘





 

 





 

 

   

 

   

   

   

 

 

 





 

   

   

 

   

 

 





 

 

 





 

 





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Grown in wide. roomy rows on new

ground; heavily rooted. healthy, vigorous:

propagated from bearing trees selected while

in fruit. If you want trees you can depend

on—the kind that make heavy-bearing, long-

lived orchards—at Wholesale Prices write

today for my FREE CATALOG. 33 Years.

Experience.





w. E. HEFFNER, Troy, Ohio.





 





 





 





 





SEED CIIIIII





Iowa Banner Whlte: Greatest record and

largest yields in annals of corn growing. Average yield in

men slatel 118 bushels per acre. Monarch of

Iowa, Best Yellow Dent corn known or grown; Biggest

yields everywhere. We also grow all other leading best vari-

eties, as well as Seed Oats, Barley. Speltz; Grass. Clovcrs.

Alfalfa and all other farm and garden needs. Our

big fine illustrated Seed Catalogue is free to you. A

postal card will bring it to your door. Write for it today.

Address.





The Shenandoah Pure Seed Go

303 Lowell Ave" ahennmloah. Iowa





IIEW GOMPIISITIUII HIIIIE I





Nothlng like I! Mr



Sharpening a Razor i only ”550

For the purpose of introducing these goods to

actual users. if you will help us sell six of these

hence to your neighbors, we will‘send you FREE.

ponpald. a first—class guaranteed razor and one of

hose bones for your trouble. Write for full in-

Btructions to NATIONAL BARBER SUPPLY



00.. 307 Broadway. GranfiRupida, Mich.





DON’T BUY FERTlLllERS





and pay fancy prices. _ With the simple directions

we give you, and With no other tools than a

shovel and the barn floor, you can





MIX YOUR OWN





at half the cost. For full information see adver-

tisement German Kali Works, on page 24:}.



THE BARTLETT COMPANY,

STATE AGENTS. JAOKSDN, MICH.





'I'IIE GLIPPER





There are three things

that destroy your lawns.

Dnndelions. Buck Plan-

tain and Crab Grass. In

one season the Clipper

will drive them all out.





SUPPER. UNI HOWE! 00.

. Dixon, rumors.





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 





I.“ .' ~77 .1, f 3 \.





(Continued from page 256).

Withdrawn as a candidate for the presi-

that, on account of this an 'agreement

dency of the republic and it is: anticipated

‘with the government will be made.



It is rumored that the Mexican govern-

ment is suing for peace and has suggest-

ed that a delegation meet representatiVes

of the revolutionists and arrange a. set-

tlement.



Fronteros, Mexico. has been captured

by the rebels.



The second reading of the bill restrict»-

ing the veto power of the English house

of lords was made in the house of com-

mons Monday. A vote will be taken this

week.



It is estimated that 13,000 Jews are

starving in Tripoli where cholera is also





: raging.





The French cabinet has resigned and

President Falliei'es is now seeking a new

premier.



It is estimated that 250 persons die

daily in the plague Stricken district of

Munchuria. The ground is so frozen that

it is impossible to bury the dead. The

number of deaths from famine reported

from Shanghai are given in round figures

at 10,000. The Japanese have checked the

spread of the disease at Mukden.



Reports have come from Africa to the

French foreign department of two vic-

tories of French troops over Arabs and

of the loss to the native forces of 500

men. One battle was fought near Dor-





‘0tpe in the Ouadai region and the other





in the Darkouti region of equatorial Af-

rica. Order is said to be restored in the

former district.





 





 





CROP AND MARKET NOTES.





Livingston 00., Feb. 25.——February has

been a month of very changeable weather

and as a result wheat and clover have

suffered considerably. there being no

snow on the ground at present. neither

has there been for the greater portion of

,the month. Feeders are beginning to let

Itheir lambs go at from $4.50 to $5 per

’cwt., which is about $1 per cwt. less

than they paid for them in the fall.

Farmers getting ready for spring work.

Help scarce and month hands asking fir

$30 per month. Farmers generally de-

nouncing reciprocity with Canada as det-

rimental to their business.



Osceola 00., Feb. EIL—Ycl‘y changeable

weather this winter, with plenty of snow,

,but a thnw in January and another thaw

lin February have settled it a good deal

and formed a hard crust. Good sleighing

all winter and fields pretty well protect-

ed, only the highest places showing bare.

Business pretty good, but not us good as

if the price of potatoes had been higher,

which was expected last full. The market

is now 2.3 cents per bu. .\ larger amount

of potatoes have been shipped from here

than at this time in any previous year.

Hay is high and scarce, bringing $18 per

ton. Live stock looking well, but beef

cattle and hogs are very scarce. The

butter and egg market took quite. a

slump a short time ago; butter now 170;

eggs, 16c per dozen.



Shiawassee 00., Feb. 20.—For the past

week roads have been in very bad con—





THE MiCHlGAN. FARMER- ' (29>





 





 





dition. Farmers have been delayed in

hauling manure and getting up wood.

W'heat is suffering from exposure and





looking well. New seeding is withstand-

ing the winter in splendid condition. A

few farmers are waiting to hull their clo-

ver seed. As a general rule, farmers are

quite discouraged over the Canadiun I‘e-

ciprocity proposition and many who con-

templated building large barns will give





«up doing so until the matter is settled.





Farmers on every hand look upon the

reciprocity with Canada as a death blow

to farm products and believe that lower

prices will follow. Lamb feeders are

looking anything but pleasant. High

prices for feed and depressed condition

of market make situation anything but

palatable. The potato market is also in

a. sluggish condition and many farmers

say they will not open their pits until

prices are higher than last season. Very

few hogs in the country. Many farmers

who have held back their beans proclaim

they will not market until the $2 point

is reached. Live stock of all kinds is in

a healthy condition, with no disease of

any kind reported.



Lapeer 00., Feb. 11.—Many farmers

have rushed their surplus wheat to mar-

ket in anticipation of the passage of the

Canadian reciprocity agreement. Pota—

toes have also been hurried off in a sim-

ilar way, farmers only retaining enough

for their own use and for seed. The

snow is practically all gone. fields are

bare and wheat and clover are left un-

protected. Stock looking well at this

date but local prices for same have a

tendency downward. From present indi—

cations wages paid by farmers this sea-

son will be the lowest for years.





Ohio.

Carrol 00.. Feb. 23.~“'e had some

warm weather recently and farmers





started to plow, but it has now started

to snow and is getting colder. Sheep" are

doing well and all other stock look good.

Horses are very scarce and high in price.

Roads arc very rough. Eggs, 200 per doz;

butter, 30c per lb: ear corn, 60c per bu;

'oats, 450; wheat, 900; buckwheat, $1.10.

linols.



West Warren 00., Feb. 27,—February

was ta. very soft month, freezing and

thawmg ever since the 7th. Roads al-

most impassable. Lots of rain which

filled up the wells and cisterns and soak-

ed the ground full. Fall wheat don't

promise much of a crop, owing to lack of

snow. Horses are cheaper than usual.

Lots of public sales. Farm products are

cheaper than usual. Prices are as fol-

lows: Corn, 37@40c; oats. 300; baled

hay. $12: hogs, 500 lower than Chicago

prices; turkeys. 15@16c; chickens. 10c;

ducks. full feathered. 100: geese. full

feathered, 70; eggs, 150; butter. 13@200-





 





. . _ . , before you decide to buy anywhere else.

water standing in depressmns. Rye lS ‘





‘ ..





 

   





ROOFING





No more paint for me!

I’ve now covered every roof

on my place with Amatite.





 





 

   

 

 





i) buy a mot’iing,r that requires



T 'puinting is inviting trouble.



Painted rootings are as out of



date as the harvester machinery of

thirty years ago.



The roofing of today needs no

painting. That’s one of its great I

features. _ I



If you are still using the “old I

rubber kind," the kind that rc- I

quires painting every year or twu I Third—0n top of these four lay-

to keep it fight, we want to tcll you \ erwis a real mineral surface. This

about Amatite; why it needs no surface requires absolutely no

painting: why it wears longer than painting, and adds materially to

the“sumutlisurfaced”rimfings, and the life of the roofing. It is fire

why it costs less. retardant. Itis permanent.





First—Its chief ingredient is Coal

Tar Pitch—not u“'secrct com-l FREE SAMPLE

pound" but a well known, long \Ve want to send you a sample

tested materlal, recognized by enf so that you can sccwluit a solid.

gmeem as ‘the greatest waterprooi- substantial waterproof roofing

““9; inatcnahknown. T109 layers Amatii‘e really is. Write today.

or this material are used ill every Address nearest otlice.

sheet "I Aniatite. _ BARRETT MANI'FAC’I‘URING co.

Second—“'e use two layers of NewlYork gnu-ago r' Philadelphia

the best grade of felt to hold gagggmm fifgfgfllfi‘





h: i '11 § _ '51 fl oiv 5 St. Louis New Orleans

EggqiictCh 1 phue Thl’ C t h 0 Pittsburg Kansas (‘ity





Why Pay $105.50 More

Than My Price For a

5-h.p. Gasoline Engine?





MY factory experts have gathered together a.

great mass of Gasoline Engine facts. I am

going to put these facts up to you and let you

see if there isn’t a pretty good reason why you should

get my proposition on just the Engine you want





and is the best material known for

that purpose.





 





strength to





 

 

 





 





 





   

 

 

 

 

 

 





Let

Uncle Sam

Head You This

When we decided to manufacture 55,000 Gasoline 8'3 G“°l"‘° Eng‘"

E . . 4- _ Book at My Expense.

ngmes, for 1911, we first got many of the well known

. engines of a Slillllal‘ character and my experts went all the way

through them, testing every part, every piece of material, every

practical working feature so we would be sure our engines would

come up to every merit these other engines might have.



Then another set or my experts figured the cost of mate-

rials and of selling on my direct-from—factory small profit plan

and then they fixed the price based on 55,000 output.



The S-li.l’. Engine that our experts consider next to ours

in quality sells to the consumer for $225.00. We do know, how-

ever, and do guarantee that our engine is easier to handle,

easier to put on different kinds of work, easier to start, and smoother

running. My account experts round that we could sell this engine at a.

fair profit direct to the user on 30 to 365 days tree trial with a liberal guar-

antee for $119.50.



This means a saving of $105.50 in cash to every customer over the price

they would pay for the other engine. And I give you a better engine to boot.





Galloway Engines $39%?





Now just remember that the Wm. Galloway Co. is the largest manufacturer of engines in

the world. selling direct to consumers. with a capital stock of three and a“haif million dollars

back of our proposition. And there is nothing verbal about any of our guarantees or claims

-—all down in black and white. We must make good on every statement.



Now if you have gone so far in this advertisement and are interested we want to send

you our printed salesman. Our catalogue . ._.

illustrates our complete line of Galloway

Engines. The Sizes run from 1 3441.3, our

Boss of the Farm, up to our lS-H.P. Engine.

We manufacture them for stationary

engines,,for truck engines, and for all other



urposes. They are all guaranteed and



promise to save you money in pro- ..

portion on all of them according to the m

saving [make you on the 5—H.P. size.



Just send a postal card now and say

—”Galloway, send along your engine

book and personal price proposition.”

I’ll do it by return mail.





 





   

 

 

 





 





 





 





Wm. Galloway Company

645 Galloway Station Waterloo, Iowa





 





WWW

Do You Want to Save Money on





Drain Tile, Sewer Pipe, Fertilizer and Hydrated Lime





Write A. R. RUTLEDGE. Detroit, Mich. for Prices.





When you are Writing to Advertisers

please Mention the Michigan Farmer
270 , Lao»





[LIHE DAIRL =





MALL—LL“

CONDUCTED BY COLON C. LILLIE.





 





 





IMPROVING THE CITY MILK SUPPLY.

MPROVING the quality of the supply

I of city milk and bettering the condi-



tions on farms where it is produced is

a problem as perplexing as it is great.

When any sort of trouble looms upon the

horizon many and frantic are the efforts

to divert it. Critics fail to comprehend

the meaning or realize that conservative

methods must be employed as a basis

for improvement.



Good, clean milk for the consumer not

only means at the dairy farm, clean cows,

barns, attendants and utensils, but also

prompt handling of the milk by the deal--

er on the way from the farm to the con-

sumer. It is a problem that demands

the co-operation of dairy farmers and city

milk dealers.



The purpose of dairy inspection should

be to determine in a systematic way, the

exact condition in the dairies and record

it in a convenient form for reference, to

educate the producer to use better meth’-

ods and to protect the public from im-

pure milk.



There are many sources of milk con-

tamination and infection on dairy farms.

Typhoid fever, smallpox, measles, scarlet

fever and tuberculosis





'IH- “ "





. ‘ ‘ ?



THE

without Just cause, yet the fact remains

that the wholesale slaughter of dairy ani-

mals, based upon what we know regard-

ing the question at the present day is not

advisable.‘ It is not my purpose to take

any side on this important Question, but

some of the recent results of this tuber-

culin testing prove that under present

regulations it is'a farce and menace to

the dairy interests. This is not because

tuberculin is a fraud, but‘because job

seeking inspectors who are using it for

the sake of the pay there is in it are

making fraudulent use of it. When dairy

farmers are convinced that the state and

municipal officeholders have an interest

in the work they will be ready and willing

to help in the extermination of the dis—

ease and something will be done for the

best interests of all concerned in the pro-

duction of better market milk.



The features at the dairy farm which

cause the contamination of the milk sup-

ply are. numerous. The animals are not

provided with suitable environments,

milked properly or examined and periodi-

cally tested to determine their physical

condition. Clean milk cannot be had from

dirty animals cared for in the midst of

unsanitary stables and surroundings. In

many dairy barns dust and dried excreta

abound, while the cows themselves con-

taminated help disseminate contagion

with every movement during the milking.

So, that from conditions possible with the

animals and from their environment the

product is, at its very inception, infected.





 





may be transmitted in I

the milk supply. In the

District of Columbia re-

cent investigations show—

ed that about 10 per cent

of the cases of typhoid

fever were due to infec-

tion by milk. In the

same investigation nu~

merous cases of scarlet

fever, diphtheria and

measles were also traced

directly to. infection of

the milk supply. In ad—

dition to these there is

danger of transmitting

tubercle bacilli of both

bovine and human origin.



Typhoid fever is far

more prevalent in rural

communities. When an-

imal excreta is handled



improperly there exists



the possibility of con-

taminating the water

supply used for washing

and rinsing the dairy

utensils. From 1,011

samples of water from

shallow wells located on

farms that were supply-

ing milk for the city of



Chicago, approximately

80 per cent showed evidences of drain-

age contamination. The average shallow

well on dairy farms is subject to pollution

and may become infected with typhoid

whenever the disease is prevalent.



The problem of locating cases of scarlet

fever, diphtheria, smallpox and measles

on farms where city milk is produced is

'many times very difficult. Some cities

have a rule that compels dairy farmers

to issue a semi-monthly report on the

presence or absence of any of these dis—

eases in their families or among those

employed on their farms. This is an ex—

cellent rule and should be enforced to the

very letter. No dairy farmer should

blame a municipality for exercising its

polic powers in the inspection of its food

and milk supply.



There are great d'fliculties encountered

in the enforcement of rules and regula-

tions concerning the milk supply and the

results are limited on account of misap-

prehension and misunderstanding on the

part of milk producers, dealers and con-

sumers. Ideal results cannot be obtained

in dairy inspection until a better under-

standing exists among milk producers and

their co—opcration is obtained in bringing

about the desired results.



In the requirements for stables it is

demanded that they should have proper

light and ventilation. When these re—

quirements are not understood by dairy

farmers they will hesitate to comply with

them and spend money for making

changes. If they could be made to see

that proper light and ventilation are nec-

essary to maintain their cattle in a heal-

thy condition and prevent the spread of

tuberculous and other diseases they would

gladly co-operatc with the departments

and introduce more sanitary methods.



While scientists have charged the dairy

cow with being a. source of that insidious

disease, tuberculosis, and perhaps not





tion





 





“There is no one thing connected with improving the

quality of the city milk supply that needs more atten-

than proper methods of t1‘ans1‘)0rtation.”





The subsequent course of the milk sub-

jects it to still further contamination.

The farmer's idea of cleanliness, not be-

ing that of the sanitarian, the cans and

utensils, the cooling process and general

procedure all continue the infection.



In many dairying localities the milk is

hauled to the shipping station by a. col—

lector who gathers small outputs and

mixes them, thus losing 'the identity of

the several products and resulting in the

contamination of the whole. After vary-

ing periods in all kinds of weather in

cans that are open to criticism, it is

placed in cars that are filthy and without

refrigeration, and turned over to the re-

tailer upon whom its future depends. He

receives the :milk within 24 hours and

proceeds to manipulate it for the trade.

He bottlesit and places it in a refrig—

erator to keep it in condition until ready

to deliver. His duty is to maintain a

sanitary milk house and cooler; to have

a scrupulously clean set of utensils; to

follow a system of bottle cleaning that is

safe and thorough and to live up to the

city ordinances, especially those that ap-

pertain to contagious disease and adul-

tcration. In each and every detail a slip

may occur that will bring undesirable

consequences.



The policy of the state and municipal

officials should be, to gradually foster the

dairy where milk is the sole product and

try and minimize or, if possible, gradually

eliminate, so far as supplying the city is

concerned, those with' whom milk pro-

duction is a side issue and where high

sanitation is not possible. This would en—

tail no real hardship to the small dairy

farmer for generally the interest is very

small—an average of six to ten cows,

which are generally kept as a side issue.

I'Vith this class the milk should go to the

manufacturing industries, butter and

cheese, where the manipulation and proc-





MicHiGAN ’FARMER-





, ~r‘ .-





\sw‘





esses modify the contaminating possibil-

ities. While it is desired that all dairies

be uniform, those supplying the city milk

should be specialized to a high standard

and be differentiated‘from the lesser ones

where the procedure is along other lines.



The requirements to successfully op-

erate a dairy where city milk is being

produced, should be based upon the fol-

lowing essentials:



1. A veterinarian’s certificate that the

animals are healthy and no animal pur-

chased unless accompanied by a. certifi-

cate of condition.



2. Buildings of concrete or impervious

construction, troughs and gutters the

same, to prevent absorption and permit

flushing. A system of ventilation inde-

pendent of windows and abundant light

and air space.



3. Grooming and aseptic precautions

for the milker and for the animal in

milking.



4. Modern utensils which

posure to air and dirt.



5. Immediate rapid cooling and empty-

ing into sealed containers for retail con-

sumption.



6. Ice and steam.



7. The adoption of a standard container

for wholesale shipment which should be

limited to wholesale consumers, such as

ice cream manufacturers, hospitals, h0-

tels. and similar places. '



8. Clean, uniformed

milkers and attendants.



Much of the care and protection given

milk in its passage to the consumer is

neutralized by the conditions to which it

is subject after reaching the consumer.

This being beyond the direct control of

the dairy officials, the problem can only





lessen ex-





and intelligent





be improved bf ’zlae diffusion of knowledge.





among the milk Eonsumers, of all grades,

as to the sanitary tare of milk after it

leaves the hands of the retail dealer. This

could best be accomplished by having in-

formation printed on the container. In

this way the paper milk container would

serve as an educator as well as a bottle.

It would gradually impress the cardinal

rules for milk care upon the consumers'

minds. '



There has been recently introduced the

paper paraffin-lined aseptic milk container

for single service.

vice eliminates the possibility of contam-

ination from the bottle, permits the milk

to be put up at its source, protects it

from contamination in its

course and tends to

whole matter.



The general adoption of such

container would convert the city

man from a manipulator to a distributor,

and as the expense of separating. bottling

and refrigeration would be eliminated,

an advanced price could be secured in

most cases by the dairyman.



If the mission of the single service milk

retainer is limited to snpplanting the bot-

tle trade as at present existing. its ad-

vance means much. The possibility of in-

fection from bottles will continue so long

as they are in' service for, while beyond

the control of the milkmen and in the

house of the consumer they are frequently

used in domestic service for other pur-

poses, clcan and otherwise. Various cases

have been cited where milk bottles have

been used in sick rooms infected by con-

tagious diseases, for ”ducks” in nursing,

and for many other purposes, all of which

is beyond the reach of ordinance and in-

spection. The paper bottles or containers

precludes the uses here mentioned.





The transportation feature is another

matter that should receive the attention

of the state and mun’cipal officials. it is

necessary that milk have proper care in

transit if it passes from the farmer to the

dealer in ideal condition. 'At the present

time milk containers are given no protec-

tion other than an open platform. bare

service cars and terminal sheds so that

much of the expense of cooling at the

farm is offset by its subsequent care while

in transit. The proper transportation of

milk requires not only refrigerated cars

but 'places for cooling at collectingsta—

tions, where it frequently waits for long

periods for train arrivals. Terminal cool-

crs are not so much needed, inasmuch as

the dealer is usually at the milk station

upon the arrival of the milk trains. The

wagons used for hauling should be cov-

ered and equipped to maintain the milk

at a low temperature. There is no one

thing connected with improving the qual-

ity _of the city milk supply that needs

more attention than proper methods of

transportation and hauling.



Pasteurized and sterilized milk cannot

compare with the raw milk from a healthy

udder. It has no possible substitute. The

close tie between cow and consumer must

not 'be severed by manipulations that are





MARCH 435911. ' I





a A“

-‘$\ ~





A





l "9.

\

\‘i-t





oV‘

“INN





Afloat]. ..





Health

flow





In worth more- on know it—than any other



kind of cow. he cow that Kow-Kure will



not help had better be sold to the butcher.



at is a strong statement, but It Is backed by



the endorsements of tens of thousands of

Kow-Kure customers—men who have been



buying it for years and who know that It

makes money for them by keeping their

cows In top-notch condition every month

in the year.





send for- FREE “cow

Money” Booklet .





‘ We never Issued in more complete

Booklet. It indicates wherein profit

from cows can be increased by curing

every cow In the herd of cow diseases.

It you cannot buy Kow-Kure from your

dealer, send direct. Kow-Kure is en-

dorsed by America’s best cow owners

-—men you know. Write for the



Booklet now.





DAIRY

ASSOCIATION 60..

MFIIs.. ' .

Hummus.

VERMIIII‘I.

u. s. L





 





 





 





 





 





subsequent ,

simplification of the'





 





be





The advent of this de- ‘





‘ candid





a milk:

milk ‘





'We ask you frankly

whether you are in

the market for a.

cream separator, pro-

vided we save you one-

haif or more on a £925!

machine that will ab-

solutely satisfy you

and meet every re-

quirement?



Wouldn’t you like

to save that money?

Then ask for our

Economy Chief Dairy

Guide with our. |9I|

proposition new low-

water—mark p ri c e s,

$27.90 and up. ‘





Sears, Roebuck and Co.





Chicago, Illinois





 





RAISE THEM WITHOUT MILK.

aooxu‘r FREE

J. E. nuns". 60., .I-okun. man.





Sam: I?





ae





BALVE





W





Co.





vii—fir





hicago'
can?“ its” 1, ma bottles mu

tare, 33.1mm. mind!- met a whole-

some milk ti j’ mm or nature, which 5..

even tool! 3 W fill! my orfumish

a remedy if fwe will but heed her teach-





Newffor‘k; W llnzrou Kmr.

THE. BEST CREAM SEPARATOR.





The 1911 Model of the Iowa Dairy Sep-

arator has an important improvement in

a new style bowl with patented cup-

.shaped discs-



These discs are steep



hnd close together at the

outside but nearly bori-

aontal and wide apar

.near the center. This

.'divides the milk into '

[thin sheets and forces

.out the last particles

Qt butter-fat but gives

.‘the, thick cream free

necess to the center.

i The accompanying il-

lustration shows how

principle works. This new

bowl is the closest skimmer-

ever designed and the only one that will

work perfectly with cold or hot milk.



All strong features of previous Iowa

models are retained. All parts are inter-

changeable. Improved facilities have en-

abled the company to greatly reduce the

price on these new machines. _



If you keep three cows or more, it will

pay you to write .for details to the Iowa

Dairy SeparatOr 60., 108 Bridge Street,

Waterloo, Iowa.





 





 

 

 

 





.»

'o





ANNUAL MEETING OF MICHIGAN

DAIRYMEN.





 





 





In attendance and interest, the 27th

annual meeting of the Michigan Dairy-

men's Association, held at Bay City last

week, measured up to the average of the

many good meetings that have gone be-

fore. The accommodations and privileges

granted by the city were ample and sat-

isfactory, the exhibits of butter, cheese

and milk were numerous and of high

quality, and the displays of dairy ma-

chinery and supplies were highly credit—

able to the numerous business firms that

have staunchly “stood by" this organiza-

tion for many years. The officers, how-

ever, were extremely unfortunate in hav-

ing an unusual number of eleventh-hour

vacancies on the program, necessitating

a. good many changes and substitutions

and the dropping of some topics alto-

gether.



More than 100 tubs of creamery buttei

were entered to contest for the premium

fund which was divided pro rata among

the sample scoring 90 or above. The high

score in this class was 95 and more than

60 per cent of the entries were above 90.

The samples of dairy brought the total

of butter entries up to about 125. Of

cheese there were about 15 entries, the.

best sample scoring 95%. In addition to

offering cash premiums for butter and

cheese exhibits, the association this year

offered three beautiful silver cups for

the first, second and third best samples

of market milk shown at the meeting.

Similar sets of silver trophies were of-

fered to buttermakers and cheesemakers

showing the greatest proficiency in the

scoring of butter and cheese in tests con-

ducted at this meeting. About 30 of the

association’s members entered these con-

tests.



Officers for the coming year were nomi-

nated during the Wednesday morning

session and the ballots were cast Thurs-

day forenoon. The officers elected are?

Pres, T. F. Marston, Bay City: vice-

pres, F. H. Vanderboom, Marquette; 'sec—

treas., E. S. Powers, Hart; executive

committee, Wm. Bechtel, Caro, chairman:

Roy A. Frary, Lapeer; Chas. R. Webb,

Chesaning; Claude A. Grove, Litchfield;

Henry Rozema, Fremont. ,



The exhibits, both of machinery and of

dairy products, were housed in the large

and comfortableaarmory, and the first

session convened in one of the armory as-

sembly rooms. This session was held on

Tuesday afternoon, the sudden illness of

Secretary Slater, of the National Dairy

Union, after reaching his hotel in Bay

City, causing the abandonment of the

more or less formal program which had

been announced for Tuesday forenoon.

The attendance was largely made up of

milk producers, this session having been

designated “Dairy Farmers' Session."

President Marston presided and, in the

absence of two of the principal speakers,

introduced Dr. R. P. Lyman, head of the

veterinary department of M. A. C., for a

general talk on contagious abortion. That

manyV dairymen regard this trouble as





' , ' f. ’ ' i

second. only. to tuberculosis was 991th

from the close attention ,given this talk.

Little k known as to the cause or origin

of this disease, but that it is a germ dis-

ease and therefore infections is now gen—

erally conceded, and it is safe to ascribe

to this disease all cases of abortion which

can not be traced to accident, improper

feeding, or any of the other well known

causes of this trouble. The germs attack

the placenta and after causing the ani-

mal to abort are found in the uterus and

vagina whence they pass with the dis-

charges from the animal. It is therefore

important that all membranes and dis-

charges from aborting be burned or deep-

ly buried; also that the rear extremities

of cows be frequently and carefully dis-

infected. Dr. Lyman advised against

sacrificing valuable animals because of the

development of this disease for the rea-

son that, under treatment, they soon be-

come immune to the disease and give no

further trouble. ’Regarding treatment he

said that it is, of course, necessary to

use an antiseptic or germ killing drug.

However, it is not possible to use a drug

strong enough to kill the germs outright

without injuring the animal. A weak

antiseptic, which will have the effect of

weakening the germs and prevent their

multiplying, is therefore employed.



He then gave his method of treating a

herd, stating that he would divide the

animals into three groups. In the first he

places all fresh cows and those due to

freshen within two or three months; in

the second those that have been preg-

nated from one to five months, and in

the third those that are from five to eight

months along in the period of pregnancy.

The cows of the first group he syringes

with the antiseptic some three or four

days before “springing," keeping it up

for three or four days. He doesn't ad-

vise taking the afterbirth away until 24

hours after calving. Then he douches the

uterus thoroughly with the antiseptic and

does not breed the animal until every

trace of the discharge has disappeared.

The cows of the second group he injects

daily with the antiseptic for a period 01'

two weeks. Then a similar course,of

treatment is given the cows of the third

group at the end of which time the treat-

ment is repeated on the second group.

As to the nature of the antiseptic he rec-

ommended a coal tar preparation and

prefers not to use carbolic acid. He

closed by advising a thorough injection

of the sire both before and after service.



The second topic, “Dairying and Dairy

Equipment,” was responded to by Mr. F.

H. Vandenboom, vice—president of the as-

sociation. Before taking up his tOpic,

Mr. Vandenboom spoke of the magnitude

of the dairy business, asserting that the

value of the annual dairy output of this

country is double that of our two great

cereal crops—corn and wheat—combined.

The dairy farm he held to be the real

backbone of the country, and congratu-

lated the dairy farmer on being a soil

builder rather than a soil robber.



Turning to the question of dairy equip-

ment he said that the first requirement

is a reasonably good herd of cows. As to

the breed, he expressed no preference

further than that the man who makes a

business of dairying should have one of

the four great dairy breeds. A herd of

cows will suffice, but the owner should

gradually improve their breeding through

the use of pure-bred sires.



The second requirement, in his estima-

tion, is a good, roomy barn. He advised

building a little beyond one's immediate

needs, thus giving opportunity to increase

the herd as the owner becomes proficient

in the business. Light and ventilation

are the two great essentials in the con—

struction of a dairy barn. At least one

window for every three cows is his rule.

He favored no particular system of ven—

tilation, but urged very strongly that an

ample supply of fresh air be provided for.



The third essential is an ample supply

of pure, clean water, and next in import-

ance is the question of feed. He believes

that corn is the greatest feed producer

that the dairyman can grow, and he

places his main dependence upon corn,

notwithstanding the fact that his farm

is located in the northernmost part of the

Upper Peninsula. He has been quite suc-

succful in growing corn for ensilage pur-

poses, and also in maturing the grain,

and naturally it occupies a prominent

place in his ration.



In discussing sanitation he said that

the careful dairyman can no longer afford

to be without cement floors in his stables.

As to the practicability of using the cur-

ry comb and brush upon the dairy herd,

a question which stirred up considerable

discussion at last year's meeting, he be-



(Continued on page 273).





 





 





 





it:





mKN’P





 

   

 

 





What Maltese

Cream Separator

Good or Bad?





It takes something besides cast iron, red paint and

hot air to make a separator that will skim milk clean twice

a day 365 days in the year for 15 or 20 years.





If some of the farmers who are thinking of buying a





 





 





 





 





 





mechanic





cream separator this season,

and have been half persuad—

ed by extravagant advertis-

ing to “save one—third the

cost” by buying a machine

of the “J ust-as-good-as—the—

DE LAVAL” or the “mail

order” kind, could only

listen to the experience of a

few of the thousands of users

of such machines who have

traded them in for DE

LAVALS during the past

year, they would be forcibly

reminded of the old adage

which runs “Save at the

spout and waste at the

lmng-hole.”





Any competent separator





with a knowledge of materials and high-





class separator construction will tell you that the marvel

is, not that “mail order” machines are sold so cheaply, but

that they succeed in getting the price they do.





High-grade separators cannot be manufactured like

harvesters, plows and other farm machinery. A properly

built separator is almost as dellcate and exacting 1n 1138

construction and measurements as a watch.





DE LAVAL‘ machines are constructed in the





best





equipped cream separator factory in the world by skilled





workmen.





The very highest grade of material we can





get is used in all wearing parts, and our limit of variation

is less than one two-thousandth





in most

of an inch.





mensuremcn ts





Before you decide on the purchase of a cream separator





be sure to





See and Try

a DE LAVAL





It will be only a question of time before you get a

DE LAVAL anyway, so Why not save yourself a lot

of costly separator experience by starting right with the





DE LAVAL‘?





THE DE LAVALMSEPARATOR CO.





165-167 BROADWAY

NEW VORK





173-177 WTLLIAM STREET

MONTREAL





 





SCIENTIFIC SWEEP





Triple Geared





Double Action.



This No. 5 is one of our

leading Feed Mills. Particu-

Iarly adapted for grinding





d all grain for stock

ear corp ainsided'iilllln' priced mil that





fee





Iiives Satisfaction





Strong, durable and

easy runnin . Mounted

on a heavy ard-w

box. Fully guaranteed.

Write for free catalog. .

Over-m styles and ewes.





THE F005 MFG. 00.. Box 817 Spring





42 E. MADISON STREET





DIH'MM d: SM'RAMEN'roS'rs





 





CHICAGO SAN FRANCISCO

14 «it 16 PRINCESS Srnnnr lulfi WESTERN AVENUE

WINNIPEG SEATTLE





 

 

 





flold, Ohio





MILL





 





 





"0 ID. I





 

 

 





for





-’

_..._.3:.:.:.') M...





' Dairynen Take a Look at

the Strite Governor Pulley.

It's the original

“onl y thing" for driving

cream separators with

gasoline engines.

' tried. always used. TRY

ONE Ask your dealer

“ST ITE"





and





Once





01'





write us direct. Don't

take an Imitation.





.1. Strife Governor Pulley Co.,





803 So. Third Sh.





neapous.





Minn.





 





 





unif29‘l'3 Galloway





“BATH IN OIL”

High Grade Superaior—nirocl





Save $25 to 350 direct at my factory

. price—freight prepaid. Get the only

' Separator that runs in ”Bath of Oil."

“- like a 35.000 automobile. This

alone is worth $50 extra, but

, costs you nothing extra.





site

90 llays’

Farm Toot—Freight Prepaid





Why pay $85 to 110 to dealers or agents



who cannot as I you a separator equal



to the Galloway—closest skimmer—



easlest run—easiest cleaned—*IO-yr.



guarantee. Send for BOOK FREE

WM. CALLOWAV 00.



MS Galloway 8t... Waterloo. ll.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

   

 





 





 





 





 





Please mention the Michigan Farmer when

you are writing to advertisers.
_. s.‘





"272’





GETTING INTO THE DAIRY BUSI-

. mass. .





4%.?





(32)





 





I would be pleased to have you answer

a few questions, regarding the manage-

ment of my farm, etc. I have 109 acres,

80 of which is under cultivation; it is all

_great corn land, being a black soil, new

ground and well tiled (undrained). I ro-

tate the crop the best.I can, generally

have from 30 to 35 acres to corn. Am

thinking of putting all my efforts towards

making a dairy farm of it, and am prac-

tically ignorant of the feeding, selection,

etc.. of a herd. Now keeping only three

head. Feed steers and hogs. How would

you advise me to get into a herd of milch

cows, by buying heifers or by buying

cows? I am in debt on my farm, but my

credit at bank is first-class, and can get

money





five years if I wish to. W'ould have to do





this, as I have not the cash to play down;





myself. Have a fine basement, 32x72, and

could arrange a first-class stable.

I afford to borrow money to buy a silo?

I have thought of going to some good, up-

to-date dairy farm and stay a week and

learn the practical side of the business, as

I do not have time to go to Lansing now,

but may next winter. \Vould you advise

this idea?



Lenawee Co.' F. B. S.



Of course, it wouldn’t cost_as much to,

buy heifer calves, in the outlay of money

and raise them up to get dairy cows, as

it would to buy milch cows, but on the

other hand, you get no returns from the

heifer calves for two or three years, while

the cows would be ready for business at

once. My opinion is that it would pay

better to go out and buy cows. You can

buy cows that will give you a profitable

return for the feed consumed and then

make a paying investment at the very be—

ginning, while with the calves you will

have to keep them for two or three years,

and run your chances 0n the kind of cows

that they make.



If you know but little about the dairy

business I am sure that it would pay you

to spend a short time with some good

dairy farmer and it would also pay you.

to take a short course at M. A. C. It

probably, however, would be the most

practical, under the

spend some time with

The dairy farm you suggest is undoubt-





edly all right, and there are hundreds

of dairymen that it would pay you to

visit. If this is your desire. to produce





milk, then you should visit those who are





of a party for term of three to‘





Could i





circumstances, to,

a dairy farmer.j





devoting themselves to that kind of dairy,





work. On the other hand, if you want to





supply milk to a creamery or a cheese





factory or want to be a butter dairyman,

or to ship cream, then it would also pay

you to visit dairymen who are conducting

this phase of the dairy business. You

can find such men in almost any neigh-

borhood in the southern part of this

state. You could select one good. prac—

tical man and stay there long enough so

that you thoroughly understood his meth-

ods and his system of feeding. Then I

think it would be well to visit several

others and get ideas from them also.





THE FLOOR FOR THE DAIRY BARNV





 





Construction of farm buildings is re-

ceiving more of the attention that it de-

serves, and, as is natural to expect, per-

manency is the feature that attracts

most men engaged in improving the

structures on their land.



The material tc use in the construction

of the iloor of the dairy barn as well as

those of other buildings where stock is

kept, has developed into an important

question for the reason that high prices

for lumber, which must be replaced often

when used in such floors, makes that ma-

terial costly. The more common use to

which cement is being placed has com-

mended it to farmers, and tloors are be-

ing laid in a very large number of farm

buildings with it. And this practice is

growing; ten years ago such iloors were

few, today nearly every farmer has some

building with a floor made of it.



in speaking of dairy barns the Storrs

experiment station states that, “the

floors are best made of cement. The gut-

ters and mangers may be laid out in ce-

ment also and be constructed so as to be

easily kept clean. They are sure to be





durable. Plank may be laid over the cc-

ment where the cows are to stand if so

desired. This is not necessary, however,





if plenty of bedding material is used.”



Other stations have arrived at the same

conclusion which, with the experience of

practical men, makes any objection seem

unfounded when looked at from a prac-

tical point, however legitimate it may be

from a theoretical view.



The sanitary possibilities of such floors

commends them to all progressive men,





which, with the permanency of cement,

is destined to make such construction the

future floor for buildings made to house

stock of any or all kinds.





 





$





 





 

 

 

 





OUR





 





 





AND UPWARD t





THIS OFFER IS NO CATCH.

' It is a solid, fair and square

proposition to furnish a brand new,

i well made and well finished cream

separator complete, subject to a

long trial and fully guaranteed,

for $15.95. Different from this

picture which illustrates our large

capacity machines. Skims lquart of

milk a minute, hot or cold; makes

thick or thin cream and does it

just; as well as any higher priced

machine. Any boy or girl can run

it sitting down. The

crank is only 5 inches

long. Just think of that!

lThe bowl is a sanitary

marvel, easily cleaned,

and embodies all our latest

improvements. Gears run

in anti-friction bearings

and thoroughly protected.

Before you decide on a

cream separator of any

capacity whatever, obtain

our $15.95 proposition.





 

 

 

 

 

 





built

skim





 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





EXCELS ANY SEPARATOR IN THE WORLD





LIBERAL TRIAL ENABLES YOU





TO DEMONSTRATE THIS. While our prices

for all capacities are astonishingly low, the qual-

ity is high. Our machines are up to date, well





and handsomely finished; run easier,

closer, have a simpler bowl with fewer





parts than any other cream separator. Thou-

sands of machines in use giving splendid satis-

faction.

will send it free, postpaid. " It is richly illus-

trated, shows the machines in detail and tells-





Write for our 1911 catalog. We





all about the American Separator.

Our surprisingly liberal long time

trial proposition, generous terms of

purchase and the low prices quoted

Will astonish you. We are the

oldest exclusive manufacturers of

hand separators in America and the

first; to sell direct to the user. We-

cannot afford to sell an article that

is not absolutely first class.

save agent’s, dealer’s and even cata-

log house’s profits by dealing with

us and at the same time obtain the

finest and highest quality machine

on the market. Our own‘ (manu-

facturer’s) guarantee protects you

on every American Separator. We

ship immediately. Western orders

filled from Western points. Write

us and get our great offer and hand-

some free catalog. ADDRESS,





BAINBRIDGE, N. Y.





B /-

an ill] I=|/ u





. -7 . {a

:u... ”.24. I ’r - u a:

a: El /. , .~ —. ‘ “:‘Mra 5T" -' s4.

_1 F '- 1/ ll 3 (Z l’taa .

Cf 1’ 1 ° 4“ "' " - xv s ‘

'—- —-~5- { 3/ -—I‘i\,

5‘ —” ' ‘ZfliE

’ >\ I . “it???“ .f‘L-fl’w $.37

/ . “~--‘~::-::.~ 1,- »-.1- * 7*

. W H z - \ ‘1 . / 7m

/ \ % \_\ \ ‘ _, /'¢

,. ' o 4’40 «.2» ~ gr

CISTER“ One: N .» STOCK P0

v Save many minutes every day—do away with hard

disagreeable work by pumping to any place on your farm.

Water right at the sink will save many steps; water in the barn, the

stable, dairy or stock yard will save you and your men time and

strength that is needlessly wasted, or a Goulds hydraulic ram Will pump

automatically day and night without expense.

~ RELIABLE





 





 





service for which it is intended.





 

   

 

 





be. Send for our free booklet





 

 





   





fl/rj‘

- (5.3.:





_ l





\ m





before you think of buying a pump. It is full of valuable





for better water service.





   





GOULDS PUMPS





will solve this problem—each different style will give the best possible





Write us what you want to do—tell us your requirement and we

will gladly help you solve it no matter how small or how large it may





“ Water Supply for the Home ”





suggestions





The Goulds Mfg. Co., 80 W. Fall Street. Seneca Falls. N. Y.





 





'Your Feed for One Cow

Costs Enough to Feed Five





'— l on feed on the Silo Saving Plan. The Saginaw Silo Book. “The

Nigel-n Way of Saving Money on the Farm.” gives figures from actual

tests on farms of your state. Write for the ook today. _

Amazing profits come from the good old-reliable Saginaw 8110 be.

cause it alone is made actentifically right, to last. a lifetime.





FARMERS HANDY WAGON COMPAI s“°‘""’- “5 "OMS





MINNEAPOLIS

owns the patents on the Saginaw All-Steel Door Frame which positively





prevents collapsing or bulging. No one else is allowed to use it.

w Our airtifht. doors, large door openings. handy combined door

. one else a

can IISO -- benefits of direct dealing with the factory.





ladder; our hoops. In 8. etc.. and the everlasting

It. ., .i i ' 1' Ask for special price on the Whirlwind Silo Filler-guaranteed





The Saginaw

. All-Steel

Door

Frame

is pat-

tented

and "0 fastener on





materials we use, are all describe

Saginaw Silo is now sold direct. from the factory only.





in our Free Silo Book. The

You get the

gocut and elevate morehfodder in any given time and do the work with

as Operative power t un any Strongest Simplest

h filler manufactured

I [6% 'lgllie Whirlwmd insold direct ‘. . - t Durable

"‘- from the factory also. The one

filler fit to go wIth the

So inaw Silo. ’

rite today for the 'Silo

book. and Whirlwtnd Filler _

acts. .

FARMERS HANDY WAGON COMPANY, Station 95 Saginaw, Michigan





Western Factory station .95 Don Molm. low-

uonhwouorn Fn'olory, luclon’ 95 "In-oopollo. Hum. (18)





 





 





 





 





.L .1“~.





The only thoroughly manufactured

Silo on the market. Full length stave,

Continuous door frame complete with

ladder. Triple beveled lilo door with

hinges. Equipped with extra heavy

hoops at bottom.





AIR TIGHT





Makes winter feed equal to June

grass. THE ROSS will more than pay

for itself in one season. Write to-

day for catalog which gives facts that

will save you money. Agents wanted.



‘ The E. W. Ross Co.(Est.1850)

Box 14 SPRINGFIELD. OHIO





FREE TO FARMERS





A Valuable 160-page book entitled





“SILO PROFITS"





Written by 200 of the most successful .

Feeders. Farmers and Dairymen in ,

the World. ([2‘ Every farmer in .

America. should read this book, and '1'

nslong as our: supply of these books .

last we will mail one copy tree to

each person asking for it. It gives ‘

theactual experience of these tarm-

ors and in their own words.

Our Fnctories are located at An- ' (3 l

am°n-as--D°w°a°itl°rana ..

use: y. r e - '

Missouri. W‘mi— this book 5110 PFOEI

NDIANA SILO COMPANY

382 Union Buildinfi. Anderson, Indiana





 





 





 





 





 





 





mummwm





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 





 





You ‘





tv‘?





,

I
W;

I

I

i

.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 





‘ Ohea er. and gives better results than br- for

r which 5; is substituted by the best dairymen. an





‘ it for a portion of the ration you use and you will





” Dairymen





 





 





Zine; gt Hing .1;

citing}! t, 1911; .





“i .1





 





 





SHARPLES ‘

Dairy Tubular





ntopfilrhome forthoroughmonvinc.

ng. BE TRIAL. Then you can see.

or yourself that Dairy Tubularscon-

tain no disks or other com heated

contraptionaand can prove or your-

self that Tubular: produce twnce the

3 force, skim faster and



twice as clean as others.





Later than. different

from all others. Bill". in

the onlyknown waywhich

nvoidsthemanyparts and

disadvant es of others.

Guarantee forever by

America's olde st and

world’s biggest separator

» . , .. “concern. Our patents

prevent imitations.

otherwise ther- manufac-

turers woul make Tubulars

and nothing but Tubulars.





' When you can try a wear-

a—litsttme Tubular without

costhowcanyou attord

to waste tune, pay

freight or risk anything

on any ‘ mail order" or

other (so called) cheap

separator the average lite

of which is but one year?





Write for

t r so tgial

an ca 0:

N0. ‘52.





   





 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 





 





THE SIMPLE SEPARATOR CO.

WEST CHESTER, PL.

BL. Sa- Franoloeo. 0-1.. Portland, 0n.





orouto. Can. Winnipeg, Can.





0





 





lilo Springs or Weight;

on the Hinman Milker





The Hinman Milking Machine is being

proved superior every day by its sale to pro-

ressive farmers and dairymen everywhere.

g‘heir opinions are valuable—and both their

purchases and words back the Hinman.





 





 





 





 





 





The Hlnman is made right from principle

to execution. It is simple-—no adjustments.

It does not need a mechanic to run it. Ma:

chino has but two moving parts-perfect

vacuum control—~reversible vacuum pumps.





Write today for free

descriptive .matter.





HINMAN MILKING MACHINE CO.

L39 Seneca 8L, .Oneida, N. YJ





 





 





 





 





You bet

ter try-





DRIED BEET PULP





this year. You can not lose but you will rotit by doing

so. Used by many of the best feeders orthe state who

find It a valuable feed, selling below it's true feeding

value as compared’to the other foods and grain.





‘ Forms a valuable addition to any ration, being vege-

table the mechanical effect is ood which causes a

better assimilation of the other cede.



Especially good With cotton seed meal as it counter-

acts the obJectIonnl features of this food.

Dried Beet Pulp will cheaper; any ration. Substitute

secure better results in both production and im r -

ment in the health of your animals. p ove

Call on your dealer. if he cannot supply you write





T. F. MARSTON,





Center St. Bay City. Mich.

lickin- lroker [or the Innulacturerl.





m

owl Brand (lotion Seed Meal





4! Percent Protein Guaranteed

Standard for 35 Years.

Corn can't rgglace cottonseed meal.

Animals no Protein. Feed a balanced ration.

Write for our booklet “Science of Feeding."

F. I. MODE I. 60.. Innis. Tennessee—Established 1815





 





 





 





 





 





There are many superior

features in the "





NAPPANEE





SILO





Let us tell you about

them.





Rnusnui AGENTS WANTED.

THE NAPPANEE

LBR. 6: MFG. CO.

‘ Nappanee, - Indiana.





 





 





 





, . .. O





privilege of bottling his

reaching town, is that some producers do

not. take their milk to the bottling plant

but bottle it as suits their convenience—

on the road or anywhere—without regard





:1th “19% his. first an... err-#7 " I all

THE_.MICHIGAN FARMER.‘





ANNUAL MEETINqA’oF. MICHIGAN



. oAinvMEN.

(Continued 'trom page 271).

lleves that such grooming is both prac-

tical and profitable. It makes the herd

show up to advantage at all times, and

this is of special importance when your

customers visit the farm to see how you

do things. He strongly urged the use of

some kind of a. sanitary milk pail, and

suggested that the manwho does not be;

lleve in the sanitary pail can easily con-

vince himself of its value by using one

alongside of the old-fashioned milk pail,

and then comparing results. For the

man who has a bottled milk trade he

advised securing a bottling machine. Ev-

en though only a small one is needed, he

deems it advisable to have a machine.

Also a bottling room, and it goes without

saying that this room must be kept clean.

Cleanliness and taste in bottling and

packing the product pay good dividends

on the extra. labor and expense. He in-

sisted that the man with a milk trade

should endeavor to educate his custom-

ers, especially along the line of practicing

cleanliness in the home after the milk

has been delivered there, strongly im-

pressing upon them the importance of re-

turning bottles in as good condition as

when they are received. Make every

effort to please your customers. but when

you find one that it is impossible to

please, no matter what you do, endeavor

to weed him out, as he is of no value to

you.



At the conclusion of this talk a mem-

ber asked Mr. Vandenboom’s opinion as

to the practicability of bottling milk in

town, rather than upon the farm. Mr.

Vandenboom said that the main essen-

tial, after the milk has been produced,

is proper cooling immediately after milk-

ing. He was of the opinion that,.if prop-

erly cooled and kept at a low tempera-

ture, there should be no objection to

transporting the milk to town before bot-

tling. However, even then its quality will

depend upon conditions at the bottling

plant. If these are what they should be,

the milk should reach the customer in

satisfactory condition. However. he was

inclined to favor bottling at the farm, as

then the producer has conditions entirely

under his control, and is in position to

know absolutely what sort of a product

he is delivering to his customers. One of

the inspectors present stated that the

objection to centralized bottling plants.

or rather to allowing the producer the

product after





to dust, files, etc. This he held to be the





principal reason why the inspectors have





so strongly insisted upon farm bottling.

The question provoked a. rather spirited

discussion of the qualifications, or lack

of qualifications, of some of the inspect-

ors and it was generally agreed that a

better co-operation of city and state in-

spectors is desirable. President Marston

believes that the whole responsibility

should not fall upon the producers and

the inspectors, but that the city customer

should have interest enough to occasion~

ally investigate the source of his milk

supply. He also advocated the making of

a stronger effort, on the paid; of the asso-

ciation, to secure legislation in the inter-

ests of dairymen, and in this connection

one member sugested that the efficiency

of the inspection work would be enhanced

by the association recommending to the

governor, for appointment as inspectors,

men thoroughly competent and who pos-

cess the confidence of the dairy interests

of the state.

(Continued next week).





DAIRY NOTES.





Progressive dairymen are beginning to

breed their cows instead of buying them,

it being more profitable than to depend on

getting them from other dairymen or

purchasing them in the big markets of

the country. Every dairyman wants to

keep hischoicest cows and will not part

with prime ones except at fancy prices.



W. H. Miner, of Chicago. has bought

from Daniel W. Field, of Massachusetts,

a bull for $10,000, the highest price, it is

said. ever paid for a young bull, J. Minor.

of Hearts Delight farm. of New York

state, has purchased a breeding heifer

from an Ontario firm for $3,600, the highest

price ever paid in America, for a heifer.



The unsatisfactoy condition of dairy in-

terests this winter that has resulted from

excesswe supplies of butter and cheese.

has been a check on the demand for

milch cows. but it is not expected to have

more than a temporary influence. It is

well known that enormous quantities of

butter were placed in cold storage ware-

houses last summer, and the open winter

has greatly increased the butter produc-

tion. so that butter has been much cheap-

er than usual.





 





 





S‘i‘i.‘

(33) 273





   





A Seven-Year Record

WITH A SCORE OF





100 Per Cent.





Have you ever thought of the tremendous amount of work that a

No other farm implement is





 

   





 





cream separator is asked to do?

used so constantly. and none subjected to more strain.





 

   

 





Do you know what it means—all that it means—when we say that a

i'nitcd States Cream Separator on the farm of Mr. Lewis

Richards of Carroll, Neb., has run more than 5000 times, without

missing a separation. and with no repairs?





 

   

   

 





Then. do you realize what it means to you—a dairyman—wlicn We

say, and are glad to prove to you, that this is by no means a

great record for the U. S. 1? That U. S. Separators bought, nearly

24) years ago, are doing duty today, as they did in their infancy?





 

 

   

 





The iinilcil States Separator is built to skim “perfectly. It. does skim

It is built to wear fora generation. It does wear for

it. is built to giro: tlw ui-miwt satisfaction, at the





 

 





pcrl‘cctly .

a generation.





   

 





 





 

 





lowest price at which complete satisfaction can be bought.





 

 





That it docs this, thousands of users are glad to tell.

\.





 

 





Will you be one of the fast-growing number of dairymcn who have

separator perfection in their dairies? A post—card today will

bring you the “honest truths.” Ask ior_(‘,utu.loguc No. 111.





 

 





 

 





 





 





Bellows Falls,

Vermont, U. S. A.





Vermont Farm Machine Co.





   

 





 





 





The lmperishahle

S I L0





is not an experiment. It has been

thoroughly tried out in Eastern Ohio

for six years and has stood every test.

Made from our Patented Interlock-

ing Vitrified Clay Blocks. Vitrified

clay is the material from which sewer

pipe and paving brick are made. It

never decays. Inipcrishable Silos com-

bine the convenience and moderate cost

of the stave silo with adurability unex-

celled by granite. N 0 hoops, no paint-

ing, no care—The Ideal Silo. Valuable

descriptive catalog free. Write now.





IMPERISHABLE SILO CO.





HUNTINGTON, INDIANA.





 





 





 





Pull Your Stumps FREE





For 30 Days with this

florcules ""3‘99' Puller





 

 





 





 

 

 

 





 





 

 





EE here how the Hercules pulls

out big stumps. roots and all.

Don‘t have stumpy fields—-



loafer land doesn't pay. This Hercu-



les Genuine All~Steel Stump Puller is





Guaranteed





against breakage—flaw or no flaw. Test

it on your place for 30 days at our risk.

Try it on stumps or green trees.





Triple Power





"Triple power" attachment means a

third greater pulling capacxty and saves

strain on team and on cables. Three ma-

chines in one—single. double and triple

ower. Can be changed in a minute right

n the field irom one power to the other by

one man. Nothing like it in the world.

The Hercules is the only stump puller

uaranteed for three years. Only one With

ouble Safety Ratchets. Hitch on to any

stump and it is bound to come. Also pulls





HERCULES MANUFACTURING 00.,





 

 

 





 

 





or ‘ Years





largest hedge rows and green trees

Don't risk costly and dangerous dyna~

mite. Don't risk a cast iron puller.

Write us at'once on a postal for our





Special Price Offer





We have a special price proposition to

the first man we sell to in new sections.

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t. MARKETS .





' WWW“)

DETROIT WHOLESALE MARKETS.





March 1, 1911.

Grains and Seeds.





Wheat.——VVith all the news bearish with

the exception of some reported crop trou—

ble in Russia, wheat futures were marked

up a half cent on Monday, the advance

being attributed to a general covering by

shorts rather than to an upward tendency

in the market and cash deals were un-

changed. The weakness of the wheat sit-

uation has been so well advertised that

cash trading has been affected, the gen-

eral feeling that the market must go still

lower making it difficult for millers to

move flour in any considerable quantities

at present prices, while speculative buy-

ers are loath to place themselves in a

position where they may be caught short

by further declines. The bears contend

that an export level must be reached so

that our market may be relieved of its

surplus by foreign purchases before any

improvement can be expected. The crop

outlook is excellent for the largest area

of winter wheat ever grown in this coun-

try. Foreign bearish news is confined

mostly to Russia, where it is said that

about one-third of the wheat has been

winter-killed in the southern sections of

the country. Cables from Argentina state

that about 100,000,000 bushels will be

available for export from this year’s crop,

and there is little in the general foreign

situation to give strength to the market.

The Chicago grain pit was closed on

Tuesday on account of the primary elec-

tion held on that day. One year ago the

price for No. 2 red wheat was $1.24. Quo-

tations for the week are:



No. 2 No. 1





 





Red. W'hite. May. July.

Thursday ...... 891/.) .881/2 .9213: 90

Friday . . ..... 89% .8 34 .9211; .90

Saturday ...... 8914 .8814 .92 .891/22

Monday ....... 89 1/4 .8814 .921/2 .90

Tuesday ........... . . . .. . . . .

Wednesday . . . .8834 .87 '41,, .92 89%,





Corn.——Colder weather, which afforded

a prospect for an increased delivery of

corn at country stations through an im-

provement in road conditions, has caused





.a. weakening in corn prices, the decline





in this market during the past week be-

ing 1/2 cent. One year ago the price of





N0. 3 corn was 63c, which was a decline

of 20 from the previous week. Quota-

tions for the week are:

No. 3 No. 3

Corn. Yellow.

Thursday 461/2 471/2

Friday . . . . . . . . ........... 461,; 4714

.Saturday ..... 461,1, 471/,

Monday . . . . . ............ . 461,4 471,5,

Tuesday ...... .. ..

\Vednesday .......... . . . . . 45% 46%





Oats.~—This market is dull and steady.

The Chicago market has declined. Coun—

try owners of cash oats have been selling

freely, and weary longs in the speculative

market have .been liquidating to stop

further loss, thus adding to the selling





pressure. One year ago standard oats

sold for 48%0. Quotations for the week

follow:





Standard No. 3





White,

Thursday ..... 32% 321/4,

Friday . . . . . . ............. 32% 32%

Sathrday ................. 32%;, 321/,

Monday . . ................ 32%.; 3214

Tuesday ................. . . . .

Wednesday ............... 323,; 3214





Beans.—The price on beans has been

marked down 5c in the local market, but

there is practically no trading at the

nominal quotations given out by the

Board of Trade, which are as follows:





Cash- May.

Thursday $193 $2.00

Friday .. . . . ................ 1.95 2.00

Saturday ................... 1.95 2.00

Monday .................... 1 05 2.00

Tuesday ....................... . . . .

Wednesday ................ 1 90 1.95





Clover Seed—The market for spot seed

and the March option have been advanced

5c per bu., while alsike is quoted at the

same figure as last week. The market

is not responding to the demand for

spring seeding to any marked degree as

yet. Quotations for the week are:





Prime Spot. Mar. Alsike.

Thursday ... . . $8.80 $8.80 $9.25

Friday ........... 8.85 8.85 9.25

Saturday 8.85 8.85 9.25

Monday .......... 8.85 8.85 9.25

Tuesday .............. .. . . . . . .

\Vednesday ....... 9.00 9.00 9.25





Barley.—Last week’s advance has been

maintained, present quotations on prime

stock being $1.80 per cwt.



Rye—There has been a slight advance

in this grain during the past week, the

quotation for cash No. 1 now being 850

per bushel.



Timothy Seed—Market firm at $5.10

per bu.





Visible Supply of Grains.





This week Last week.





Wheat .............41,472,000 42,478,000

Corn ...............12,349,000 11,383,000

Oats ...............15,769,000 16,299,000

Rye ........ 277,000 310,000

Barley ............. 1,383,000 1,333,000





Fleur, Feed, Previslons, Etc.





Noun—Market continues slow with

Patent Michigan showing another slight





decline; other grades unchanged. Quo-

tations are:



Clear ......... $425

Straight ......... . 4.65

Patent Michigan 5.30

Ordinary Patent ..................... 4.90





Hay and Straw.——All grades of hay are

slightly lower; no change in straw prices.





Quotations on baled hay in car lots 1'. o.





b. Detroit are: No. 1 timothy, $16@16.50;





No. 2 timothy, $14@15; clover, mixed, $14





-'





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





, @15; rye straw, $7@7.50; wheat and oat





straw, $6@6.50 per ton. .



Feed.——Bran has advanced $2, while

cracked .corn and coarse corn meal are

lower. Carlot prices on track are: Bran,

$27 per ton; coarse middlings, $26; fine

midonngs, $28; cracked corn, $22; coarse

corn meal, $22; corn and oat chop, $20

per ton.



Potatoes.—No relief is offered sellers of

tubers as conditions and prices here re-

main at the old figures. In car lots Mich-

igan potatoes are selling at 37@400 per

bushel.



Provlsions.—-Fa1nily pork, $20@21; mess

pork, $19; medium clear, $18@20; smoked

hams, 13@14c; briskets, 111/20; shoulders,

10720; picnic hams, 101/20; bacon, 13@14c;

pure lard in tierces, 10c; kettle rendered

lard, 110.



Dairy and Poultry Products.



Butter.—This market followed Elgin

when the latter market declined 1c at

the beginning of the week, the reduction

applying only to creamery grades. Con-

ditions here are, however, considered

more hopeful than in most outside mar-

kets. Extra creameries are now quoted

at 251/20; firsts, 221/20; dairy, 17c; packing

stock at 141/2c per lb



Eggs.—Notwithstanding a very mate-

rial gain in consumption, receipts the

past week have been sufficiently heavy

to compel a decline of 11/2c. Fresh re-

ceipts, case count, cases included, are

now quoted at 161/20 per dozen.



Poultry.—Receipts unusually light and

market quiet, generally speaking. Im-

proved demand along certain lines has

brought a slight upturn in values. Quo-

tations are: Dressed—Turkeys, 21@22c;

chickens, 15@16c; fowls, 150; ducks, 18@

19c; geese, 14@15c per 1b. Live—Spring

chickens, 141/2@15c; fowls, 141/2@15c; old

roosters, 10@11c; turkeys, 17@18c; geese,

12eu13c; ducks, 15@16c per lb.





Cheese.—-—Michigan, 170; Michigan late,





1501mm York state, September, 17@18c;

do. late made. 1562160; limburger, old,

161L170; Swiss domestic block, 18@22c;





cream brick, 16@18c.



Dressed Pork—Steady at 90 per lb; for

heavy, 86581/20.'



Veal.—Market steady. Choice, 11@

111/20: ordinary, 90 per lb.

Rabbits—Steady. Per dozen, $1.25@

1.40.



Fruits and Vegetables.



Cranberries—Steady. Quoted at $3.25

per bu.



Cabbage—Steady.

bbl. for new.



Onionsrklligher.





Selling at $1.75 per

Quoted at 75@80c per





bushel.

Honey.—~Choice to fancy comb, 15@17c

per lb.





Apples.——Market firmer, with home.-

grown fruit practically all out of first

hands. Consumers now turning their at—

tention to western fruit and to oranges,

the latter being cheaper than apples.

Fancy greenings are now quoted

Fancy greenings are quoted at $5.50@6;

Baldwins, $4.50@‘15.50; Steel reds, $6; or-

dinary grades, $3623.50 per bbl. Western

apples, $2.25@2.50 per box.





OTHER MARKETS.

Grand Rapids.



Cold weather this week gives tone to

the egg market and dealers are paying

16c. Dairy butter is worth 20c; cream—

ery, 251/2c. Poultry dealers are paying

130 for spring chickens; 12c for fowls.

Both red and white wheat are worth 850.

A year ago wheat was worth $1.10. The

potato market is practically unchanged.

In view of the heavy movement of po-

tatoes since digging time, some of the

dealers think that there is very little

stock left in farmers’ hands. They are

not quite sure of this, however, and are

afraid to speculate by loading up. No

change is noted in the bean situation

Farmers under glass Were getting 15c for

lettuce last week, and this week the price

is off to 11c, but there is still good mon-

ey in the crop at this price. Very early

in the season lettuce brought only 40.

Radishes raised under glass are now

selling at 22c, parsley at 25c.





 





New York.

Butter.——Market steady at sharply re-

duced values. Creamery specials are

quoted at 260; extras, 240; seconds to

firsts, 17@22c per lb. .

Eggs—Barely steady at a decline of





several cents from last week’s values.

Fresh gathered extras, 181/2@191/zc; do.

firsts, 17@17%c; do. seconds, 14@161/zc;





refrigerators, firsts, 141/2@15c; do. see-

onds, 14617141/2c.



Poultry—Live firm; chickens slightly

higher; turkeys lower. Western chick-

ens, 15c; fowls. 171/2@18c; turkeys, 16@





200 per lb.





 





Chlcago.

Wheat—No. 2 red, 88@89c; May, 89350;

July, 880 per bu.





Corn.~No. 2, 45%@46c; May, 471/20;

July, 48%c per bu.

Oats—No. 2 white, 31@311/2c; May,





30160; July, 301/20.



Barley.——Malting grades,

bu; feeding, 65@75c.



Butter.——The surplus of low-grade of-

ferings has weakened this market and

a break in both creamery and dairy va1~

ues followed the decline at Elgin. Mar-

ket easy. Quotations now are: Cream-

eries, 16@26c; dairies, 15@2lc.



Eggs—Last week’s advance on the bet—

ter grades has been lost and the market

is rather unsettled. Quotations are:

Prime firsts, 171/2c: firsts, 161/2c; at mark,

cases included, 12@14c per dozen.



Potatoes—Heavy receipts and a slow

demand have lowered values. Market is

fairly steady on the better grades. Choice

to fancy are quoted at 44@460 per bu;

fair to good, 40@43c.



Beans—Market weak and prices de-

clining. Choice hand-picked pea beans

quoted at $1.98@2.05 per bu; prime, $1.90

@205: red kidneys, $2.75@3.



Hay and Straw—Hay values are lower.

Quotations now are: Choice timothy,





80@96c per





$17.50@18.50; No. 1 timothy, $16@17; No.

2 dopand No. 1 mixed, $14@15; No. 3 do.

and No. 2 mixed, $10@13.50; rye straw,

$8@8.50; oat straw, $7@7.50; wheat straw,

$6@6.‘50 per ton. '

Boston.



VVol.——Unsatisfactory conditions still

prevail in the Boston wool market. Val-

ues show a declining tendency with Cali-

fornia wool particularly weak. The new

clip is arousing no interest in Boston and

there have been no contracts for wool on

the sheeps’ back. There have been some

transfers of 'Wyoming good fine and fine

medium and several good sales of Cali-

fornia best northern, but Ohio fleeces and

other nearby stocks are very dull. Quo—

tations are: Ohio and Penna fleeces——

Delaine washed, 34c; XX, 311/2@32c; fine

unmerehantable, 25@260; 1/2-blood comb—

ing, 29@30c; %-eighths blood combing,

29c; 14-blood combing, 27@271/2c; delaine

washed, 261/2@27c. Michigan, “'isconsin

and New York fleeces—Fine unwashed,

20(021c; delaine unwashed, 26V27c; 3&-

blood unwashed, 28@‘290. Kentucky, In-

diana and Missouri—iié—blood, 271/2@28c;

lg—blood, 26.

fine medium staple, 5861590; fine clothing,

526!) 5c; fine medium clothing, 50@520;

1,lg-hlood combing, 58c; %-blood combing,

58@59c; 1/4-blood combing, 49@50C. Pulled

Cxtra, 60@62c; fine A, 58c; A sup-

ers, 56c, all on scoured basis.





 





 





Elgin. .

Butter.——Market steady at 251/2c per 1b.,

which is 1 cent below the quotation of

last week. Output for the week 450,400

lbs., as compared with 453,000 lbs. for the

previous week.





THE LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





 





Buffalo.

February 27, 1911.

(Special report by Dunning & Stevens.

New York Central Stock Yards,

East Buffalo, N. Y.)



Receipts of stock here today as follows:

Cattle, 155 cars; hogs, 20,000; sheep and

lambs, 19,000; calves, 1,400.



With 155 loads of cattle on our market

here today, and weather soft and sloppy,

and just the beginning of the Lenten sea-

son, we quote all grades of cattle from

10m 20c per hundred weight lower.



\\'e quote: Best 1,300 to 1,400—lb. steers

$6.40fiii‘6fiO: good prime 1.200 to 1.300-lb.

steers, $6500.25; best 1,100 to 1,200-lb.

shipping steers, $5.40@0.10; medium

butcher Steers, 1,000 to 1,100 lbs., $5.25@

5.65; light butcher steers, $4.50@5.10; best

fat cows, $4.75m5.25; fair to good do.,

$3.6561425; common to medium do., $3@

3.65; trimmers. 327561315; best fat heif-

ers, $54061 585; good do, $561540; fair to

good do, $4.256! 1.65: stock heifers, $3.10@

3.35; best feeding steers, dehorned, $4.60





(if 4 . 85; nedium to good feeding steers,

$4.25 ((1 4.45; stockers, all grades, $3.85@

4.15;be'st bulls, $5405.25: bologna bulls,





$4.25Gr4.75; stock bulls, fair to good, $3.75

((14.25; best milkers and springers, $50@

65; good to best do., $40Z150; common to

good do., $256935.



Common milkers and springers, and

late springers hard to dispose of at satis-

factory prices. Late springers in most

cases have to be sold by weight.



With 125 cars of hogs on sale here to-

day, market opened 20@30c lower than

Saturday’s best time on most all grades,

and closing slow and lower than the

opening prices.



We quote:

7.15; mixed,





Medium and heavy, $7@

$7.15@7.30; yorkers, $7.30@





7.50; pigs, $7.65@7.75; roughs. $6636.25;

stags, $475615. Fair clearance for all





that got yarded in time for the market.

Some late arrivals going over unsold.

Lamb market opened active today, most

of the choice handy lambs selling at $6.25

(06.35. Heavy lambs, that is, weighing

100 lbs. and over, selling mostly at $5.40





@550. Look for about steady prices the

balance of the week. Sheep market was

active today: most of the choice ewes





selling at 954256450; wethers, $4.50@

4.75. Look for about steady prices on

sheep the balance of the week.



\Ve quote: Best handy lambs, $6.25@

6.35; heavy lambs, $54061 5.50; bucks, $3.25

(03.75; heavy ewes, $~l.25fl4.50; yearlings,

$5615.50: wethers, $4.50614.75; cull sheep,

$3.25@3.75; handy ewes, $4.25@4.50; veals,

choice to extra, $10.25m10.50; fair to good

do., $7.50@10; heavy calves, $5@6.50.





 





Chicago.

February 27, 1911.

. Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.

Received today ...... 21,000 55,000 19,000





Same day last year..23,020 33,235 12,282

Received last week..58.256 164,271 95,121

Same week last year.56,850 116,929 51,134



Cattle declined last week mostly 10((3





15c, some lots selling off as much as 250,





and the best calves closed at $9, but





butcher stock sold only a little lower,

while stockers and feeders were largely

10@15c higher. Today saw such a mod-

erate cattle supply that demand was un-

usually good for just before the opening

of the Lenten season, and sales were

largely 10mm: higher for steers and

butcher stock, with cows and heifers the

most active. Hogs closed last week in

bad shape, the receiptshaving been much

larger than heretofore or a year ago, and

the top was 20c lower than a week ear-

lier. Today saw the expected big “run”

and off went prices 15@20c, with good

buying on the break. Sales were at a.

range of $6.50@7.20, with the accustomed

premium for light and medium weights

over heavy weights. Hogs that arrived

last week averaged in weight 230 lbs.,

compared with 232 lbs. a week earlier, 212

lbs. two yearii ‘4 if: 1,4 14 1/4 aa

lbs. a year ago and 201 lbs. two years

ago. Sheep and lambs declined last week

generally 25((D5OC, and had a further small

break today, despite the moderate supply,

trade being slow. Lambs were salable at

$4.75@6.10, heavy weights being slow at

a marked discount. Wethers were sal-

able at $3.75@4.50, ewes at $3@4.40,





Territory—wFine staple, 60c;o





 





. MARCH 4; 1911..

bucks at $2.50@325 and yearlings‘ at $4.50





@550, heavy yearlings selling the lowest.





Only moderate/ supplies of cattle and

sheep will be needed during Lent, and

country shippers should act accordingly.

Hogs will be wanted,- but they are likely

to go still lower under increasing.“runs."



Cattle have been meeting with only a.

moderate demand for a week past, and

average values pursued a downward

course, which was much more reflected





in the medium grades than in the two.





extremes of choice and common stock.

The consumption of beef throi'ghout the

country has been materially lessened by

the unusual abundance of eggs, which

are retailing at much lower prices than

are usually seen at this season of the

year, and this makes a curtailed demand

for cattle. L’eef steers have sold chiefly

at. $5.50fgi6.60, the commoner light steers

selling at $4.85695.50 and good to choice

cattle at $6.25@7.05. Good to prime year-

lings brought $6.25@6.85, and export

steers were salable at $5.75@6.30. Year-

lings and fat handy-weight steers were

favorites with most buyers, and there

was also a comparatively good demand

for butcher stock, cows and heifers

bringing $3.50@6.25, while cutters sold at

$2.90@3.45; canners at $2.35@2.85 and bulls

at $3.75(g75.75. Calves sold at $3.50@9.50

per 100 lbs., with the demand centering,

as usual, in choice light-weight vealers,

whiCn sold much above heavy calves.

The demand for cattle to fatten has been

fairly active most of the time, notwith-

standing their great dearness as com-

pared with the prices ruling for'finished

beef cattle. Stockers went at $4.10@5.60,

feeders at $5@5.90 and stock and feeding

heifers at $3.65@4.65, with a marked in-

crease in the sales of these heifers at ad-

vancing values for the better class. It is

as much a question as it ever was

whether it is a safe business proposition

to load up with these high-priced stocker

and feeder cattle. Of course, it is impos-

sible to know just what the future will

bring forth, but it looks risky, to say the

least. Everyone knows that the tendency

of the times is for buyers to purchase

handy little fat cattle rather than ex-

pensive long-fed ones. Milch cows sold

fairly at $3061.60 each. .



Hogs are maturing rapidly, having been

better cared for as a rule than ever be-

fore, and the prevailing tendency'is to

send tnem to market freely, except when

prices have had a bad fall. The strong

feature of trade is the strong eastern

shipping demand that prevails most of the

time, most hogs grown throughout the





east having been marketed, so that now“





the west must be drawn upon.

continue to make their hogs too heavy in.

weight as a general rule, having been en-

couraged to do so by the great abundance

and cheapncss of feed, and this results in

the extremely wide spread in prices that.

prevails, the heavier the hogs the lower

being prices paid, while light hogs and

mere pigs are market toppers still. The

best demand is usually centering on the

prime consignments of hogs averaging 180

to 220 lbs. in weight. \Vith the exception

of a year ago, when hogs were selling ex-

traordinarily high, recent quotations have

been higher than at any corresponding

time since 1903.

1897, it is seen that hogs sold at $3.45@

3.90.



Sheep and lambs sold extremely well

about the middle of last week, when the

demand was uncommonly good, and the

general level of values for matured sheep

stood higher than at any previous time

since early last July. This was followed

later in the week by sharp declines, as

slaughterers had got well stocked up and

were not desirous of making further ex-

tensive purchases. Activity extended to

feeding lambs, with not many offered, and

sales were effected at $5.80@5.95 per 100

lbs. There was also a demand for breed-

ing ewes around $4.50, but it could not be

met. The sheep market has been an ex-

tremely variable one this season, with

such rapid ups and downs in prices that

country shippers have never known just

what to expect, but values have ruled

very much lower than a year ago, as that

was a period of comparative scarcity,

while feeding this season has been over-

done. Michigan has been furnishing a

good many fat lambs, and considerable

numbers are coming from Colorado. As

a rule, handy-weight sheep, yearlings and

lambs are the favorites with buyers and

greatly outsell heavy stock. The abund-

ance of cheap feed causes many sheep-

men to make their holdings too'heavy.





Horses have become in good demand at

last, and prices are hardening for good

ones, although receipts are increasing.

The offerings are grading much better,

as a rule, and this is regarded as one of

the best features of the market. Eastern

buyers have been in large attendance at

the auctions, and good to prime drafters

had a good outlet at 213200613300 per head.

Good expressers sold well at $200@225,

and wagon horses brought $150@235 gen-

erally, while sales were made of desirable

pairs -of well-matched, medium-weight

workers at 23435617470 in the ring. Farm

horses are receiving a much larger de—

mand, .with an extremely wide range of

prices, extending from $75@200 per head.

Mares are usually wanted, and some or-

ders call for a high grade selling at $225

@250 each. Ordinary to fair light drivers

are selling at $140@175. F.





Arrangements have been made for ship-

ping large numbers of cattle from the

Texas quarantine districts to the ranges

of Washington and Montana. Stock trains

are given the entire right of way and

rushed at a lively rate to their destina»

tions, pens havingbeen constructed for

feeding and watering on the way. The

cars, chutes and- pens have been care-

fully disinfected, and the hurried ship-

ments to the far northwest are rendered

necessary to save the cattle from dying

from the drought that prevails on the

Texas ranges. ,





Owners ‘





Turning back as far as ‘





5.
. at $4.50; to Parker, W. a





 





'1 mason innit];

THIS 13 rue riser sum-on.





 





- - 1 ”out; we... the Detroit Live

Stfiktlr‘ilarkets are reports or last week;

an 0:119: markets are 118111: 11 to date.





reds." 3/ Detroit Live Stec markets

$3.“ giveg in the last edition. The first

edition h mailed Thursday the last edi-





filda morning. The first edition is

gfiled to {hose who care more to get the

paper early than they do for Thursday on

Detroit Live Stock market report. You

may have any edition desired. Subscrib-

ers may Quince from one edition to an-

other by dropping as a card to that effect.





DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





 





'Thureda ‘3 Market.

y February 23, 1911.

Cattle.

Receipts, 1,189. Coxrligncgéificoiws and bulls

' rades c ower.

stagyhggpg gBest- steers and heifers,

$5.75; steers and heifers, 1.000 to 1.200.

$5.25@5.65; steers and heifers, 800 to

1.000, $5635.50; steers and heifers that are

fat, 500 to 700, $4.50@5; choice fat cows,

$4.75; good fat cows, $4@4.50; common

cbws, $3.25@3.75; canners, $2.75@3.35;

choice heavy bulls, $4.75@5; fair to good

bolognas, bulls, $4.50@4.7'5; stock bulls,





4 4.50; milkers, large. young, medium

33?. $40@55; common milkers, $25@35.

Bishop, B. & H. sold Sullivan P. Co.





1 bull weighing 1.330 at $4.75, 7 butchers

av 946 at $3.85; to Parker, W. & Co. 2

bulls av 1,200 at $4.80, 3 do av 1,043 at

$4.75. 1 do weighing 1,030 at $4.75, 13 cows

av 922 at $3.45, 2 do av 775 at $3.40; to

Hammond, S. dc Co. 14 steers av 763 at

$5.25, 2 cows av 985 at $4, 6 steers av

1,060 at $5.55, 3 cows av 983 at $3.40, 1

do weighing 1,200 at $4.25, 4 do av 1,005

at $3.50; to Kamman B. Co. 6 steers av

795 at $5.20, 21 do av 804 at $5.25; to Ratt-

kowsky 2 cows av 920 at $3.75, 5 do av

920 at $4; to Goose 9 do av 1,052 at $4.15;

to Regan 8 butchers av 762 at $4.90; to

Newton B. Co. 25 steers av 1,168 at $5.90,

22 butchers av 763 at $5. 3 cows av 1,107

at $3.75; to Sullivan P. Co. 2 cows av 940

at $3.50. 1 bull weighing 1,180 at $4.75, 2

cows av 985 at $3.50, 1 steer weighing

1,020 at $5.25, 3 heifers av 723 at $4.50, 6

cows av 1,105 at $4.25; to Mason 2 cows

av 935 at $4.25, 2 steers av 965 at $5.25,

2 cows av 925 at $3.25, 2 heifers av 720

at $5; to Thompson Bros. 7 cows av 1,126

at $4.25; to Lingeman 7 steers av 700 at

$4.75; to Mich. B. Co. 7 steers av’ 808 at

$5, 10 do av 877 at $5.25; to Breitenbec}:

8 do av 987 at $5.45, 3 do av 693 at $4.75;

to Mich. B. Co. 6 cows av 1,166 at $4.50;

to Schuman 5 butchers av 716 at ’$5.



Roe Com. Co. sold Goose 9 cows av

1.052 at $4.15; to Newton B. Co. 14 steers

av 941 at $5.25; to Thompson Bros. 1 cow

weighing 1,270 at $4, 9 do av 1,050 at

$4.50, 1 bull weighing 1,350 at $5; to New-

ton B. Co. 12 steers av 840 at $5.25; to

Mich. B. Co. 33 steers av 931 at $5.35; to

’Sullivan P. Co. 4 cows av 1,100 at $4; to

Hammond, S. & Co. 3 bulls av 1,070 at

$4.60, 7 cows av 814 at $3.10; to Mich. B.

,Co. 3 steers and heifers av 613 at $5, 8

do av 880 at $5.25; to Goose 3 cows av

1.020 at $1: to Newton B. Co. 25 steers av

1,038 at $5.55. 5 butchers av 580 at $4.40;

to Kamman B. Co. 5 do av 744 at $5.25;

to Rattkowsky 1 cow weighing 930 at $4,

1 bull weighing 980 at $4.75, 1 steer weigh-

ing 400 at $5; to Thompson Bros. 1 cow

weighing 760 at $3.25, 10 do av 941 at

$3.75; to Sullivan P. Co. 1 bull weighing

1.950 at $5.25.



Haley & M. sold Newton B. Co. 4 butch-

ers av 847 at $5; to Rattkowsky 3 bulls

av 973 at $4.80; to Applebaum 4 cows av

970 at $4.40; to Mich. B. Co. 14 steers av

882 at $5.10.



Merritt sold Parker, W'. & Co. 4 bulls

av 1.507 at $5, 2 cows av 1,080 at $4.50, 2

go av 960 at $3.75, 2 steers av 1.175 at



5.75. ‘



Spicer & R. sold Bresnahan 4 heifers

av 610 at $4.25; to Hammond. S. & Co.

1,200 at $5, 1 steer weighing 1,080 at $6,

12 steers av 842 at $5.25, 1 bull weighing

1.270 at $4.25, 6 cows av 900 at $3.65; to

Rattkowsky 1 steer weighing 870 at $4.75,

5 cows av 1,022 at $3.85; to Fry 15 butch-

ers av 763 at $4.50; to Goodwin 4 cows av





1,090 at $4.

Veal Calves.



Receipts. 677. Market strong at last

week’s prices. Best, $9@9.50; others, $4

@875; milch cows and springers steady.



Bishop. B. & H. sold Parker. W. & Co.

20 av 150 at $9.50, 3 av 155 at $9.50; to

Goose 7 av 125 at $8: to Newton B. Co.

4 av 128 at $9, 8 av 145 at $9.50, 4 av 140

at $7: to Sullivan P. Co. 1 weighing 160

at $9.50, 1 weighing 120 at $7, 2 av 135 at

$9.50, 4 av 120 at $7, 16 av 140 at $9.50;

to Goose 3 av 115 at $8.60: to Parker, W.

& Co. 1 weighing 130 at $9.50. 3 av 150 at

$9.50, 7 av 155 at $9.50: to Nagle P. Co.

7 av 135 at $8.50, 8 av 125 at $9, 8 av 130

at $9; to Swift &. Co. 1 weighing 130 at

$9.50, 10 av 120 at $9, 12 av 150 at $9.50;

to Parker, W. & Co. 3 av 160 at $9, 2 av

135 at $8.50, 2 av 150 at $9.50.



Spicer & R. sold Newton B. Co. 5 av

150 at $9.60; to Mich. B. Co. 13 av 130 at

$9: to Sullivan P. Co. 8 av 100 at $5.75;

,to Goose 4 av 250 at $4.50, 7 av 135 at $9.

1 Weighing 320 at $4.50, 1 weighing 380





Co. 22 .

atI-Egl 11 iv 30 at $7.50. av 180

aey . sold Goose 4 av 155

$7.75; to Breitenbeck 10 av 127 at 88,87

av 150 at $8: to Goose 1 weighing 340 at

$4.50. 9 av 140 at $7.50, 1 weighing 340





at $4.50.

Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts, 6,838. Market 10 to 150 high-

er than last week. Best lambs. $5.70@

5.80; fair to good lambs. $5.25@5.50: light

to common lambs, $4.50@5.25; fair to good

sheep, $3.50@4; culls and common, $2.50

@3: heavy lambs. 90 lbs. up, $5@5.25.



Bishop, B. d: H. sold Nagle P. Co. 233

lambs av 75 at $5.90, 190 do av 85 at $5.80.

347 do av 83 at $5.80, 50 sheep av 120 at

4. ~14 do av 118 at $4, 8 do av 155 at



.70, 106 lambs av 86 at $5.65: to Sullivan

P. 00.17 sheep av 90 at $3.25. 9 do av 62

at $3.40, 53 lambs av 56 at $4.75, 27 do av.





 





\





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





125 at $5.10, 24 do av 105 at $5.25: to

Mich. B. Co. 13 sheep av 95 at $3.25, 7 do

av 145 at $4, 35 lambs av 58 at $5.50. 27

do av 60 'at $5.35; to Hammond, S. & Co.

37 do av 65 at $5.40; to Breitenbeck 21

do av 70 at $5.50: to Swift & Co. 106 do

av 78 at $5.80; to Sullivan P. Co. 16 do

av 58 at $5.25; to Swift & Co. 26 sheep

av 90 at $3.75, 45 lambs av 78 at $5.70. 53

do av 80 at $5.80, 20 do av 70 at $5.50. 32

do av 83 at $5.35; to Breitenbeck 24 do

av 65 at $5.10: to Hammond. S. & Co.

63 do av 67 at $5.65.



Spicer & R. sold Sullivan P. CO. 74

lambs av 80 at $5.65; to Nagle P. Co. 102

do av 70 at $5.75, 168 sheep av 118 at

$4.25; to Breitenbeck 3 do av 110 at $3.50.

12 lambs av 65 at $5; to Nagle P. Co. 145

do av 80 at $5.75; to Mich. B. Co. 107 do

av 70 at $5.45.



Haley & M. sold Hammond, S. & Co.

4 sheep av 125 at $3.25. 29 lambs av 75 at

$5.60, 13 do av 80 at $5.50.



McMillan sold Sullivan P. Co. 8 sheep

av 100 at $3.65, 13 lambs av ‘58 at $5.25.



Merritt sold same 59 lambs av 80 at





.60.



Sandell & '1‘. sold Hammond. S. & Co.

30 lambs av 70 at $5.50.



Bennett & S. sold Nagle P. Co. 94

lambs av 83 at $5.75.





Hogs.



Receipts, 4,351. Market 10c below last

Thursday's prices.



Range of prices: Light to good butch-

ers, $1.50; pigs, $7.60@7.65; light yorker-s,

$7.50; heavy, $7.35@7.50.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Parker, W, 8:

Co. 2,550 av 180 at $7.50. ‘



Sundry shippers sold same 310 av 190 at



50





7, .



Haley & M. sold Hammond. S. 8: Co.

450 av 195 at $7.50.‘



Spicer & R. sold same 1.525 av 180 at

7’0





.0 .

Sundry shippers sold same 810 av 200

at $7.50.



Roe Com. Co. sold Sullivan P. Co. 420

av 200 at $7.50, 140 pigs av 130 at $7.60.





 





Friday's Market.

Cattle.

February 24, 1911.



ecelpts this week, 1.760: last week.

1.627. Market steady at Thursday's de-

cline. We quote: Best steers and heif-

ers, $575696; steers and heifers, 1,000 to

1,200, $5.50@5.65; steers and heifers, 800

to 1,000, $5.25@5.40; steers and heifers

that are fat, 500 to 700, $4.50@5; choice

fat cows. $4.50: good fat cows, $4@4.25;

common cows. $3.25Qi/‘375; canners. $2.50

€133.35; choice heavy bulls. $5; fair to good

bologna bulls, $4.75: stock bulls. $4.25@

4.50; milkers, large young, medium age.

$406155; common milkers. $25@35.



Veal Calves.



Receipts this week, 966; last week, 719.

Market steady at Thursday's prices. Best

$9@9.75; others, $4@8.75.



Milch cows and springers steady.



Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts this week, 10,784; last week,

9,084. Market dull at Thursday‘s prices.

Best lambs, $5.75; fair to good lambs.

$5.50@5.65: light to common lambs, $4.50

@525: fair to good sheep. $3.75@4.25;

culls and common. $3@3.25; heavy lambs,

90 lbs. up, $5@5.30.





Ho 8.



Receipts this weelg. 6.963; last week.

3,659. Market dull and 100 lower than on

Thursday. Range of prices: Light to

good butchers, $7.40: pigs, $7.60@7.65;

light yorkers, $7.40; heavy, $7.20@7.30.





ADDI‘l'IONAL VETERTNARY.





 





Bone Spavin.——I have a 12-year-old

horse that will weigh 1,500 lbs, and is

right every way except being lame from

a bone spavin which appeared some six

months ago. I have tried three different

remedies. all of which have failed to

make him any better. I would like to

know if I could let this spavin go until

next winter and then treat him. A. S.,

Eaton Rapids, Mich—You had better

have your horse fired and the work

should be done by a. competent veterinar-

ian. If blisters had. been active enough

to effect a cure he should have been well

now. If you have not already applied

1 part red iodide mercury and 4 parts

lard, you had better do so and this medl-

crne might relieve him. It is important

that the horse should be given absolute

rest for a few Weeks. This will give the

30th a chance to anchylose.



Enlarged Gland~Cough.—Have a horse

15 years old that had distemper when

young; it left a bunch in throat which

seems to slightly affect his breathing.

Our local Vet. tells me that it is not

heaves and I forgot to state that he has

some discharge from both nostrils. A.

S.—Mix together equal parts by weight

ground ginger, ground licorice and poW-

dered lobelia and give a tablespoonful at

a dose in feed three times a day. Also

apply equal parts tincture iodine and

Eamphorated oil to throat every day or

wo.



Spinal Paralysis.-—I have a yearling colt

that has rather poor control of his hind

legs; when walking he places his feet out

of lineZ crossing his legs and occasionally

goes Sideways. His appetite is good, he

seems to grow and gets up without

any assistance. T. A., Monroe, Mich.—

Give your colt 12,, dr. ground nux vomica

and 1 dr. Fowlen's solution of arsenic at

a dose in feed three times a day; also

give 1 dr. iodide of potassium daily.



Roarer—Foot Soreness.—I have a 12-

year-old mare that seems to have great

difficulty in breathing; she makes consid-

erable noise and seems to be worse after

drinking or eating a large quantity. She

also appears to be sore in front feet. D.

M., Temperance, Mich.——-Apply 1 part

tincture iodine and 4 parts camphorated

oil to throat once a day. Avoid feeding





her much bulky fodder and never allow

her to drink too much water while work-

ing. Give $4 dr. ground nux vomica, 1 dr.

powdered lobelia and 1,5 dr. of stamonium

a dose in damp feed two or

Kindly understand it





leaves at

three times a. day.





 





may be necessary to perform a surgical

operation on the throat before she can be

relieved.



Bog Spavin.—I have a 4-year-old mare

with a sort of puffy bunch situated on in-

side of hock that causes no lameness.

Can it be taken off without blistering the

joint? 0. G. VV., .Bloomingdale, Mich.—

Such bunches are not easily reduced;

however, you will succeed fairly well by

applying equal parts tincture of iodine

and spirits of camphor to entire hock

joint three times a week.





Farmers’ Handy Wagoil

at a low Price





Absolutely the best wagon built. for every kind

0 heavy earning. Low steel wheels. wide tires.

Will last a lifetime without repairs.



STEEL WHEELS





for farm wagons

-—any size to



any axle. Sand

for our 2 r e e

booklet b e i’ o r 9

you buy a wagon

or a set of wheels.





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





’ Death in lho Stomach

Worms Guaranteed.





- We will send you 100 lbs. of DI.

ll0lll.AND'S MEDICATED STOCK

SALT on 6'.) days’ trial,frelght

- prepaid. If you derive no bene-

' fit, It costs you nothing; if you

do it costs you $5.00. Give us

your Order at once.



The HOLLAND STOCK REIEDY

COIPLNY. Wellinghl. Ohlo.





WANTED MILK-Thirty to three hundred gallons



3 day. “'ill contract for a long

time and give security "or responsibility to right

party. W. B. PARKE, General Delivery. Detrort.





FOR SALE"’li’.§"“.il ”$335."? 46.3.33:





complete. This tent. will be so (1 cheap. Address Roht.



Allen. Supt. Oity Rescue Mission. Saginaw. Mich.

, profession.



5“ free. GRAND RAPIDS VETE’RINA. Y.



, J COLLEGE. Dep. 11. Grand Rapids, Mich.





— FARMS Allll FARM lAllllS

Hill SALE llll EXCHANGE





‘ ' —A.l' ea] .i 0093 .

Fruit, Gram and Slack Farm 023...“? manual“.

Write O. W'. MORU-AN, Shelby. Michigan. for lists.





 





 





YOUNG MEN WANTED to LEARN

VETERINARY Oatalo ue





 





 





 





 





SPLENDID EATON CO farm of 57 agres 2 miles





‘ a good town very fertile soil. $5 an acre

Write for particulars. M. HARTZ, Bellevue, Mich.





 





VIII LITTLI FAII of aiacres. 2 miles out. Good

buildings. Orchard. 10 acres timber. deep dark

rich clay loam soil. lays level. Fine road. Chou at

per acre. E O.'HANES k'CO.. Charlotte. Mich.





For Sale—.103 acres. 154 miles from Battle Creek.





Mich. on Interurban, od buildings.

fruit, timber. $85. per acre. H. N. EOK. R. No. l.





MICHIGAN Hams-Rich W

turn] district}.



Write for list. TOLBER'I‘ & 01).. Charlotte, Michigan.

-A. No. 1, brick house,lmsement barn.



Fin. 9n ‘- Farm windmill. 2% miles from Lansing.

Write us for price. Johnson it Wood, Lansing. Mich.

FOR SALE—66 acres, now 7~room house. 2

ood burns. school handy. % mile



to street car line, miles to Youngstown. 85,700.

D. R. REES. 724 Dollar Bank Bldg. Youngstown. O.





 





 





 





 





$2 20 takes ll3-acro farm, Slim-res lwtuun laull. Haj miles

9 Creamery. market. grtnlml <v‘li'ml ‘lllvl railroad town.

First-class buildings. spring water in house and burn. $500

valuable timber. Write fur Htlmr fury. luv-so





l ills

VALLEY FARM AGENCY. ()WEGO. N. Y,





Sell Land

$10 Per Acre

COMMISSION FOR You





Here’s irrigated land'that sells itself

quickly when our proposition is presented

by the rightkind of man. We'll pay you

$10 cash per acre out of the first payment of

all this land you can sell. Situated in the

famous Pecos Valley of New Mexico, ad.

joining a city of 12,000 people. No Pio.

neering. Finest alfalfa and apple land in

the world. Excellent schools, churches,

society and good ready markets. Most





healthful climate. abundance of pure water.

Most. fertile soil.



Everybody is land-crazy. Investigate this

proposition. Get; some of the profits. Write

or call at. once.





SOUTHWESTERN LAND 60.,Ill

1330 Corn Exchange Bankzlildg” CHICAGO.





 





 





to people who have never

seen fit. Write Brooks-

ville Board of Trade for

BOOK of FACTS, describ~

ing different. kinds of





Florida Land

has been Sal Florida soil. We have

no land to sell but want





—



settlers and investors to develop richest district

in Florida. according to State Dept. of Agricul-

ture; not pine land; not sand. but high and roll-

ing with rich dark top soil and clay subsoil.

No fertilizer, irrigation or drainage necessary.

Raises 80bu. corn per acre. Best fochitrus fruits

truck and staple crops. Au industrious man:

with $500 to $1.000 capital can be independent

here. 300 feet above sea; no swamps or marshes.

luieal climate. schools, churches, towns, good

roads. all conveniences. llomc seekers and in-

vestors please investigate. We need you and

will help you.



Board of Trade. Box 251. Brooksville. Fla.





Virginia Farms





oll'er best. opportunity for land buyers and the bmt

place to live. Mild winters. cheap land. sunshine.

Grow all crops. Produce best flavured apples. Cattle.

hog raising. dairyim: and poultry raising profitable.

Near 40 million consumers. (let top pro-9., Write

for 300«page “Hand Book of Virginia."



(l, W. KOINEB. Com. of Agric. Richmond. Va.





FARM FOR SALE





230-ACRE FARDI. IZ-room house, good cellar. cis.

tern, well and windmill. “'ood (ind ico house. Good.





Too Much





 





 





 





 





“7 -l)(m't pit." commissions. W

Farms anted find you direct bun-r. W'ritts

describing pro erty. naming loo-(wt )l‘ll‘t‘. W0 help

buyers locate I osirublo pnumrticu 1“ ”CK. Ameripan

Investment Association. 3 Palm-e. Minneapolis. Minn.





F0" SALE—A 7.moni house (nearly new) on large



lot. DI‘W’ $1.80) With u HIllilll farm (26 A.)

All inside

no saloon town.





MIUHIUAN.





 





adjoining. for rent on reasonable terms.

of the cor iorotlon of a good clean.

Address, OX. 114. THREE (MKS,





 





Cash For Your Form or Business. $3352};





and seller together. no matter where located. If you

want to buy or sell, address FRANK P. CLEVE-

LAND. 948 Adams Express Building. Chicago. Ill.





FOR SALE CHEAP on account illness requiring re-



! movnl from state, fullyequippcal



dairy farm, one-half mile from rreumery in Warm-



Oo.. Mich. Vl'ith or Without herd. ~10 registered Hol-



steins. Illustrated booklet mailed to intending farm



purchasers. William B. ll itch. Scabreeze. Florida.

SCHOOLS. GOOD I





0 Write for list 7 of STOCK. GRAIN.

Mlc DAIRY and FRUIT FAR. ‘ '

g ‘ GOOD

KOADS, LOW

TAXES and GOOD LOCATIONS.

arms BUCKLES a MATTHEWS.

Hastings. Mich. Eaton Rapids.





Barry and. baton Counties.

F sale—Forty acres at one-half actual value.

or (load mt]. good state cultivation.





 





 





Two miles from village 1100. )4 mile from sclmol, 91'

mile‘ lrnm church. on lulu )liouo. It. F. 1). Ten :u‘rc.

orchard yielded three hu'n red barrels choice wiut-cr





fruit, one season, $1,900 With $1.200 down. balance suit

purchaser. Vi rite Lockf Box 43. Cudillac.lMichigan.





BUYING A HOME and INVESTMENT





In the LAST, BESTJWEST.





Central Alberta and Saskatchewan. Choicest wheat.

oats, barley and flux land in improved and unim-

proved farms of 160, 320 and )acrcs: good water in

abundance. ‘ These farms have no waste. land and are

one to six miles from good towns with large elcvutorn,

Small down payments with liberal terms to purchas-

ers: guaranteed returns to investors. A limited num-

ber of improved forms for rent. “'9 furnish SPt‘ll.

Literature. maps. and special excursion rates fur-

nished on application. PRAIRIE LAND C0,,



Suite 54-55 Sun Bldg" Jackson. Mich.





166 Acres $3,500.

Stock and Tools Included.





' This is a money maker. all ready for business and

will begin to turn in a profit. the day you take hold of

it. Near neighbors, as ools. stores. 1 mile from rail-

road station, outs“) tons of hay. brook watered pas-

ture for 40 cows. 35.000 feet of timber, 2-story B—room

house, 40rd) barn With basement and other out build-

ings. crippled owner Will include 2 horses

machinery and all email tools for onl' $3.500. part



easy terms. For details of this and other farm

bargains see gage 12 Strout's Farm Catalogue No. 30.



free A. STROUT, Union Bank Building,





 





 





 





Copy . .

Plttsburg. 19a.





 





 





basement barn. grungu‘)‘. hog lit)u:~‘.0, double corn crib.

orchard. Soil claylomn, gently rolling. well drain-

ed. very productive._ 60 acres \\ heat on ground. 20 acres

beach and maple timber. Fenced with woven wire

church. On R. F. D. and creamory routes. One of

best farms in Barry Co. Reasons for sule—heirship

property. Address. G. E. CHATS. Administrator,

THREE CROPS

A YEAR.

20 acres, good soil and

Alubuulu. Yearly pro-

duction. Mr. Jackson

. Bolton hi) ucrcs 811(1));

Mr. Holman 50 acres strawberries 35000 Grow oranges,

pecans. vegetables for northern markets. $12 to $25 per

THE OHIO-ALABAMA [AND 60., Hamilton, Ohio.

CABOL' NA ANIDEAL FARM

THE SOUTH

THOUSANDS or- Acass~Rich.

Black Sandy Loam Soil; Virgin

A new country opened

Y up by the completion of

. a large railroad system.

Finest climate in the world; Summer all Winter

and “'inier all Summer. Low priced lands.

great Eastern cities. Only twelve hours from New

York. It only costs twenty-five cents to take

a barrel of potatoes to twenty million people.

Address W.W. CROXTON. G.P.A., Norfolk

Southern R. IL, Dept. B, Norfolk. Va.

. In no other state are greater opportunL

tics ()liercll tothc man of purpose and

energy. tlieactuul iarnmrthan in Georgia.



If you are not satisfied with your present

location. and With the returusou your

money and energy. come to Georgia. the



We have some rich farms for sale at

very reasonable prices and terms. if you

are interested. write us 101‘ particulars.





stock scales. Buildings all in good repair. Fair

and rails. 24’ mile to R. ll. Station, school

Ooats Grove. Barry County. Michigan.

climate. Mobile 00..

olIors52 acres $9.300 M r.

acre. Easy.terms.Bank references. Descriptive booklet

AND HOME [N

c 0 A s T Lands. fronting on the ocean.

Low freight rates, and quick transportation to the

Write us for Free Illustrated Booklet, Maps, etc.

"the garden spot. of the, Houth.’

land of “ail-the—yeur-rouud crops."

[SHELL REALTY 7 C0., Calhoun. Ga.





 





 





ronrmronu‘niou AS TO LANDS m

The Nation’s

Garden Spot-





'l'llA'l‘ GREAT I‘IUI‘I' and TRUCK

GROWING SECTION—

along the





Atlantic Coast Line





RAILROAD





in Virginia, North and South Carolina,

Georgia, Alabama and Florida, write to

WILBUR Mccov, E. N. eunuch _

A. a l. Agt. for Florida. A. do i. Agt. for Virginia

Alabama Geor la. and the Carolipas.

Jacksonvllle. l" a. Wilmington. h. c.
. ace





«Wu.— .. _.





1 1"“ 4w‘>..§“7~" e as!" .v..:.....' M... ~





276 ,I (36)?





The Growth

CHILDREN





depends upon proper nourish-

ment—a balanced ration. The

most frequent lack is bone-form-

ing material, causing soft, weak,

diseased. crooked bones.





Scott’s Emulsion





supplies every element needed.

It’s a balanced ration for bone as

well as flesh. Every child» should

have a small dose daily.



ALL DRUGGISTS





 





 





 





To grow the flu-

est flowers and

m o s t. luscious





vegetables, plant the best

seeds. Ferry’s Seeds are best

because they never fail in yield

or quality. The best garden-

ers and farmers everywhere

know Ferry‘s seeds to be the

highest. standard of quality

yet. attained. For sale

everywhere.

FERRY’S 1911 Seed Annual

Free on request

II. M. FERRY & (20..

,OETIOIY.MIOIL





   





   

   

   

   

   

   

   





 





 





GREGOBY’S SEEDS





90 cents worth for

25 cents in coin





1 pkg. Aster, Gregory’s Special Fancy Mixture. . . me.

1 pkg. Pansy, Gregory’s Special Fancy Mixture, . 15c.

1 pkg. Coreopsis, Gregory’s Special Fancy Mixture. 05C.

1 pkg. PoppyI Gregory‘s Fancy Double Mixed Annuals, NC.

I pkg. Mignonctte, Gregory’s Largo Floweringflcry rich 10c.

] pkg. Bachelor Button, Gregory’s Finest Mixture, ice.

1 pkg. Petunia, Gregory's Finest Hybrid Mixture. . 15c.

1 pkg. Candytuft, Gregory's FinestMixed. . . . 05c.

1 pkg. Nasturtium, Dwarf, Finest Mixed. . . . . 05C.

1 pkg. Sweet Peas. Extra Choice Mixed. . . . . 05c.



" , 10 packages sent for25c in coin.

In addition to above, will H'IHI FIVE

j of our regular FIVE CENT PACK-

AGES of Vegetable 580d, our se-

lection, with beautiful Catalogue, if

this paper is mentioned with order.





H.151 Eur 81..Mnsmus, Mass.





   





   

   

 





 





Seeds, Plants, Roses,





Bulbs. Vines. Shrubs. etc.

Hundreds of c a riots of

FRUIT and ORNA-

MENTAL TREES. 1,200

acres, 50 in hardy Roses.

none bettergrown. 44 green-

houses of Palms. Ferns.





, A , » other things too numerous



“ ' to mention. Seeds. Plants.

Bulbs. Roses. Small Trees. etc., by mail, post-

aid. Safe arrival and satisfaction guaranteed.

mmense stock of SUPERB CANNAS, the

queen ofbedding plants. Acres of Pseonias and

other Perennials. 50 choice collections cheap

in Seeds. Plants, Roses, etc. Elegant 168-page

Catalog FREE. Send for it today and see what

values we give for your money. Direct deal will

insure you the best at first cost. 57 years. (12





The Sierra 8i Harrison Co.. Box 139. Painesville. 0.





FRUIT '

TREES





Pears. Bartlett, Seckel and others.

Fine, healthy trees. Cherries and

Plums, all best. varieties. Peaches,

grown from buds from hearing trees. Also Grape.

and Curr-nuts in any quantity. General big advance

In prices this year owing to great demand for fruit.

trees in northwest. Our prices have not advanced.

Get wholesale prices direct from us and 81 Lot: Offers.

Save g to i. Free Catalog. Write to-day.



W. P. RUPERT Jr SON, Box 60, Seneca, N. Y.

Also Breeders of Prize Hampshire Sheep





 





   





 





 

 

   

   

 

   

 

 





 





 

 

 





A Seed Test That NARI! -

Means Something! Mala





All our seeds are cleaned and thoroughly tasted—a

label on each package shows how many will grow.





HARRIS’ TESTED SEEDS



are grown under our own direction— they will heli ‘



on to better crops and more money. Catalog tree



JOSEPH HARRIS COMPANY :

Moreton Farm. Box 30, Goldwater, N. Y.





 

 

   

   

   

 





m





 





L.





Fruit Plants





1000 acres devoted to the growing of

Scarii's fruiting strains of small fruit plants,

fruit trees, farm seeds. garden roots, etc.

Our tree catalog will surely please and

i. save you money.

W. N. SCARFF, NEW CARLISLE. OHIO





‘IH‘ORTICULTURE?





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





 





VYYYY’VVVTYVYVVVY—YVYYYV Y





 





 





MAAALAAAAAAAAAAALAAAAM





MAINTAINING FERTILITY OF OR-

CHARD SOILS.





 





 





The unsolved problem in orchard hand-

ling is the question of maintaining fertil—

ity. Strangely enough, some very intel-

ligent people don’t seem to realize that it

is a problem. Recently a young college

man who is teaching in a large city

School, but who is interested, with his

father, in farming, was describing to me

their plan of starting an orchard. Their

idea is to plant the trees and crop the

ground with corn or potatoes, or possibly

beans, until the trees (peach) commence

bearing. They expect the crops taken off

will pay the cost of tilling the ground

and the orchard will have cost practically

nothing up to that time. He was offered

the suggestion that this is not an accept-

ed method of handling ground in ordinary

farming; that after three or four hoed

crops the humus would be largely ex-

hausted from the soil and the ground

,eould not be expected to grow any kind

of a farm or grain crop after such treat-

ment, but still they are expecting to so

exhaust the humus and then ,look for





a}? ’ W we





 





Ficus. Geraniums and .





'— CARFF’S Choice





 





 





.





Conserving Our Youth as





[profitable fruit crops for a series of years;

meantime continuing the exhausting proc-

;css by the common system of clean cul—

itivation. This has been the usual prac-

.iicc among orchardists, especially peach

Eurowers, in Michigan ever since the in-

‘dusiry gniucd prominence, and it appears

that many have not yet learned better.



I But just how the humus content of the

soil may be best kept up is something of

a problem. I am much interested in Mr.

fllartman's plan of supplying this, as de-

‘scribed in the Michigan Farmer of Feb.

11. He proposes to mulch his young ap-





 





 





) lplc and peach trees heavily with coarse





stable manure and seed the ground to

'clovcr, the whole to be plowcd down next

lspring. I have no doubt this will work

fivery nic'ely: but how about the fellow who

is in the same boat but without the ma—

terial for mulch? I have 25 acres planted

to applcs and peaches on sod two years

ago. Two crops of corn have been taken

off. and a. year ago a quantity of stable

‘manure was spread over part of this;

Iground. My plan is to sow this ground

to oats rather lightly in the spring and

seed to clover, perhaps mixing in some

rape seed. In lieu of the mulch we shall

have to run a single cultivator along the

tree rows as often as cultivation is ncc-

cssal‘y. I have lzad much better success

, in getting a catch of clover where a nurse

crop is grown than with the clover alone.

As there is considerable waste in trying

to run the binder in grain among trees,

and as the grain may draw more heavily

from the soil if left until fully ripe, as

well, we shall expect to cut the oats while

in the milk and will cure them for hay.

This makes splendid hay, and will return

some profit from the soil. The rape. too,

will come on after the oats are taken off

and afford some protection to the young

clover plants. Next season the clover

will be plowed down and, if it seems ad-

visable at the time, the ground may be

planted to corn, depending somewhat on

the growth of clover that is secured.





 





 





 





I have some other orchards of young

apple and pear trees fromv four to six

years old in which clover is now growing.

During the last few days we have been

hauling out the manure from the stables

and spreading it about the trees for a.

mulch, as Mr. Hartman is doing. During

the growing season we expect to run the

mower over this ground and clip the

clover, letting it fall on the ground and

remain there. There is a two-fold object

in this. One is to get as much humus

as possible, and-the other is to save work.

These trees were planted on ground from

which an old peach orchard had been re-

moved and the soil was in very poor con—

dition, the humus being practically ex-

hausted, and we have not yet succeeded

in restoring it in quantity quite up to our

ideas of its needs, and by this method we

hope to add considerably to this element.

The trees may possibly not do as well this

year as they might under cultivation,

though if the season should turn out to be '

reasonably wet doubtless the difference

would be slight. But in coming,r years I

am satisfied the permanent benefit will

overbalance any temporary backset that

might possibly be occasioned by this

method of treatment.



In handling an orchard as Mr. Hartman

proposes the. habits of the tree should be

kept in mind. The rains will carry the





 





MARCH 4, 1911.,





-PLEASE MENTION THE MICHIGAN Iranians.





 





o

t

l

t





 





%

..I





Future Horticul turists.





 





elements of fertility in the mulch down‘

into the ground and the trees will push}

their feeding rootlets up into the l'l('ll

earth immediately under the mulch. TheI

permanent root system, too, will be es-i

tablished nearer the surface than would‘





practiced. Now, if the clover is left to





be the case where ordinary cultivation is[





gain as large a growth as possible next.





year and is not plowed down until the

last of May or June that ground under

the mulch will be completely filled with





these fine rootlets, and if care is not used,





in plowing near the trees they may all be





cut off and part of the root system of the':





trees as well.

growth and the feeding system cut away

it can readily be seen that serious injury

would result.

at shallow furrow towards the tree, run-





wnn the trees in active 1”





My plan would be to plow;





ning the, plow as far away from the tree:





as may be. even so that the furrows do

not quite meet at the trunk of the tree

if necessary. This furrow can be partly

worked away with ilu- narrow, and when

it becomes necessary to plow the ground

away from the trees do it while the trees

are dormant early in the, spring.

Alicgan Co. EDWARD HUTCIIINS.





 





 





FUNCTION OF LARGE ROOTS NEAR

TRUNK OF TREES.





 





AS a tree specialist, the renovation of

old orchards is often brought to my atten—

tion by the owner. Frequently these 01‘-

chards have been neglected from ten to

twenty-five Years. The longer this neg-

lect, the more prominent and exposed to

vicw are the main roots immediately

about the trunk. In orchards that have

been .rcgulai'ly cultivated, all the roots

are out of sight. The large roots of any

tree, were once the fine rootlets that fed

the tree in the early period of life, but

the soil being left undisturbed and these

fine rootlets not being cut off, they devel-

oped into massive roots which now con~





when you are writing to advertisers.





 





 





CULTIVATING METHODS.-



There is I10 denying the fact that meth-

ods of cultivating vary. somerarmers

cultivate shallow and others deep. or

course much depends upon soil conditions.

But there is one thing certain and that is

that the cultivation should be thorough

and the Weeds kept down. It is also a.

fact that soil conditions and the “lay 01'

the land” has forced cultivator manufac-

turers to build many types of machines.

One of the most complete lines of culti—

vators on the market is the Buckeye,

manufactured by the American Seeding—

Machine Co., Incorporated, Springfield,

Ohio, and the farmer can get any style

he needs—Buckeye Adjustable Arch.

W'alking Cultivators with rigid or parallel

spring shovel beams, Buckeye Sunbeam

Walkers with adjustable arch and spring

teeth or with Side harrow attachment,

Buckeye Sunbeam Adjustable Arch Bal-

anced Frame Walkers, Buckeye Dodger

Pivot Axle Riding Disc Cultivators, which

are the best hillside disc cultivators on

the market; Easy Buckeye Riding Culti-

vators with pin or spring shovels, Buck-

eye Pivot Axle Riding Cultivators equip-

ped with long or short axles, having four,

six or eight spring trip or pin break shov—

els or spring 'teeth beams with ten spring

teeth. acknowledged to be the king of all

shovel culiivators; Buckeye Hammock

Seat Cultivators in all styles and sizes;

the New Buckeye Narrow Row, that has

such great latitude as to width of adjust-

ment that it will take care of any narrow

row crop and the wide row as well. Part-

ies who contemplate the purchase of a.

cultivator should send to Thé Ameri-

can Secding—Machine Co., Incorporated,

Springfield. Ohio for their cultivator

pamphlets and then go to their local im-

plement dealer and insist on seeing the

Buckeye. llcincmlwr that these tools are.

sold under a warranty that amply pro-

tects the purchaser~a guaranty that no

manufacturcr would dare to make unless

his goods were absolutely right.





 





 





10.000.55.523? °"





FERTILE scans Ion-.160 ~





 

   

   

 





I 500 Lettuce I 000 Celery



I 000 Onion I 00 Parsley



I 000 Radish ‘I 500 Rutabaga

I 00 Tomato I 000 Carrot



I 500 Turnip I Ion





   





on Me

I 200 Brilliant Flower Seeds, 50 sorts ,

Any one of these packages is worth

the price we ask for the whole >

10,000 kernels to start with. It is ,

merely our way of letting you test

our seed—proving to you how

mighty good they are.

‘ Send 16 cents in stamps to-day and

we will send you this great collection of seeds by

return mail. We’ll also mail you absolutely free

our great catalog for lsll—all postpaid.

JOHN A. SALZER SEED 00..

185 South Blll Street. LaGrou-e. VIII.





OII SEEDS





W a



gBEST lllTllEWllllLll



" " PRICES BELOW ALL OTHERS

I give a. lot of new sorts for



. trial with every order I fill.

31 Gran? gig (Estalog F



__ ustra. e wi over _ BE!



, mg, ‘ 'ZOO engravings of vegeta es



WM “ 5 and flowers. Send yours and





i



'l



V‘ has": your neighbors' addresses.

R. H. SHUMWAY, Rockford. Illinois





PLANT HARDY TREES





Healthy, acclimated, high grade, true to label fruit trees

and plants for Northern States atwholesale prices. direct

from nursery to planter. Send for catalogue. .





CELERV CITY NURSERIES, Drsx E Knumzoo Mics.





 

 

   

   

   

   

   

 

 





   

   

     

 





 





 

 

 





 

 





 

 





 

 

 

 





\\ S\





x.





   

   





.7





(





 





‘ .





 





 





HOLESALE PRICE





Our Strawberry. Rlupberry. Blackberry. Gooseberry.

Currant. Asparagus and Grape Plants. Holtly Rooted.

ngh Grade Stock. IOth Annual Catalogue Free.

A. R. WESTON l 00., R. I. Brldgmln. Mlchlgln





STRAWBERRY PLANTS





Guaranteed as good as grows at $1 per 1000 and up

Catalog free. ALLEN BROS” Paw Paw, Michigan.





FRUIT TREES—Small Fruit Plants. Shrubs



6c Bulbs at Wholesale Prices.

No Agents. Catalog tree.WO0DBlNE NURSER-

IES. W. A. ALLEN 6‘: SONS, Geneva, Ohio.





FINE CATALPA SPEC. AND BL. LOCUST.

$3 per 1,000, 825 10,000. All forest trees and ever-

greens cheap. Cnta. T. G. BROSIUS. Tllen. Ohio.





- and Get the Best

Buy Direct—Save Money peach Tm... fine a.

$4.00 per hundred. Ap lo, 100; Cherry 80. All kinds

of Trees and Barry lants. Cheap. Catalog‘ free.

ERNST NURSERIES. Box 1. Moscow. 0.





STRAWBERRY PLANTS THAT GROW





All Standard Varieties. Also RASPBERRY. BLACKBERRY.

CURRANT and GRAPE Plants and ASPARAGUS Boots in

ASSORTMENT. WARRANTED TRUE-TMAME. and 01

GRADE represented. Catalog with Cultural Instructions FREE

0. E. WRITTEN. BOX l4. IRIDGMAN. MIGHIG I“
’ .1 ~ With Hand

1*- Spramotors. Mr.





 

 

 





L e i g h , Supt,

put 40 tons

(80.000 lbs.) of

Cold W a t e r

Paint on the N.

Y. C. Stock

Yards. Buffalo.

N Y. When





”11,, W... tlfese wonderful

amofi'flHand Machines



give such excel.

lent satisfaction





for big jobs



don’t you be-



m...” lieve they Will

ms do your work



MM“ well? The Spra-

mm' motor 13 guar:





anteed. In all

sizes. for Paint-

ing. VVhitewash-





i‘nrg, VIiDneyard.

eed estruc~

”3°“ tion, Orchards

and Row Crops.

Tell us what

you want the

Spramotor for,

and we will





send you an in-

teresting book-

let of 88 pages.





HEARD SPRAMOTOR (30..

1303 Erie St.. Buffalo. N. Y.





s: ray with the Comet

" . _ or Surest Results





\





ll ‘



‘llllliiiilililihilil t .1 5‘ I l. ‘ . w l. .



Comet Sprayers are Easiest o Operate

Simplest in construction—foot Rest is at-



tached ordetached instantly-Have complete



Agitator and Brass Screen which prevent



clogging of pump. This double acting spray throws



a continuous stream 60 feet or s ray fine as a mist.



The fruit saved from a choice e will more than

1 for 7". You need it for your orchard, vines,





owns and plants. Very durable—all brass. Weighs

only 5 pounds. Thousands of fruit growers and





   

 

   





 

 





   





farmers have proved it a success. Just tr it for

applying liquid poison fortillizers, etc. he re-

sultswill surprise on. t reposition toragents.





Send us a postal or full in ormation about this

superior sprayer now. Get after the tree and plant

pests early and make more money.





H. B. RUSLER MFG. CO.

.IOHNSTOWN. OHIO





UIT WITHOUT

‘ SPRAYING





   

 

 

 

 

 





Dept. 4





001)





 





double your crap it you will

\ spray your trees with the





CRESTLIN E -»





Double Acting Barrel





SPRAY PUMP





It is the simplest and most

efiective sprayer made. Any

. one can use it and the inn

creased yield of fruit the

first year will more than

pa for It. Descriptiveoir-

on or tree. Write today.





11!! CRESTLllli-I MFG. CO.

ssflmSiuLWfie





_"





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





. We make



Your spray pump Will Pump. rog-

iast for years if you get a all uses.

Deming. More than 20

styles and sizes. ‘



l

Deming ‘.

Spray - '

Pumps ' ° ‘

.

used by In

Experiment 0 o ‘

Station 0-m-

cials and lead-

ing fruit row< .

ers. Will 0 a lot of work in a

day. Order from your dealer,

or write us for catalogue.

1n name contrast mfg?“

fisMISMWONo tnpl 1

cities.





 





FRUITS AND





SPRAY new CROPS





and do whiter-slung in most manual, “mini.

“Mouse-W M BMWWS

m Auto-Sprays





lo.l.ebmh.s.lnu.¢ 1

bumkoi‘Sudi-u V: th Auto-Pup Ml.-





 

 

 

 

 

 





Write postal new.



THC '- c. .IOWN c . . f

.2... theatre: ,~,



.. \7 t





 





 





i’lantlTrees Grown

at Monroe, Michigan





Procure stock that will. stand the coldest winters.

Our trees have a reputation for reiiabilitv. We sell

direct to the planter at the very lowest prices. We



arantee our trees to reach you_in good condition at.

t moor season for transplanting. Catalogue tree.

W fol-cur prices. -





The Michigan Nursery Company, “um





flavelon Tile Piles?





-fi%m”'fi‘fi Mics-aft emulate"

mum “comm.

DETROIT. MICHIGAN.





 





   





vey the nourishment to the tree gathered

from the feeders farther away.



TheSe roots, then, bear the same rela-

tion to the tree and the lesser roots, as

does the larger stream of water to the

rivulets and the lake, 1. e.. the large roots





act as conveyors. or conductors. of the

materials gathered by the small roots.

to be consumer by the tree. If these





rootlets are continually cut off, while the’





will form

reach of





tree is young. these main roots

lower down in the soil, our. of

the cultivator.



In renovating old orchards i find great-

er benefit is to be derived from fertilizers

being placed away from the trunk of the

tree in. proportion as the roots are ex-

posed, and cultivation. equally beneficial.

when kept away from the tree for enough

to avoid injury to the top surface of these

large roots. by the cultivator: at the same

time I sliould recommend a heavy mulch

of leaves, straw, or' grass over those large

roots to keep weeds from growing, to

conserve the moisture. to save the fruit

that may drop from being bruised, as well

as to save work.



In removing large. thrifty trees. when

thinning an orchard, l seldom find enough

“feed" roots in the immediate vicinity of

the trunk to warrant the use of fertilizer

within a radius of eight to ten feet from

the trunk of the tree. But. on the other

hand, where an orchard has been carefully

cultivated from the time of planting.

“feed" roots have formed from the trunk

out as far as the branches reach.



Ohio. M. J. VVALTERS.





 





BETTER FRUIT INSPECTION.



The demand for better fruit inspection

is crystalizing into action. This ~week

prominent horticulturists and farmers

will be at Lansing to impress upon the

members of the horticultural committees

of the house and senate the need of en—

larging and better organizing our system

of inspecting fruit plants. It is important

when drafting a measure that will com-

prehend the widely varying c-niditions

found in our state. that our best ins

formed men go and talk it over with the

committees; but duty should not stop

with the efforts of these few men. After

determining the character of law needed.

it must be enacted into law. Your sen-

ator and representative should be ap-

prised of your position regarding the

situation. They will then be better in-

formed, will understand that they are

serving a purpose and will be better able

to judge of the efficiency of the bill pre-

sented.



THE FARMER‘S GARDEN AND

EQUIPMENT.





It has reached a time when tho farm

er‘s, perhaps more than any other calling.

requires that the greatest production at

the smallest cost must be the slogan, and

every facility that makes to that end must

be seized upon and utilized. and super-

flulties or non-essentials must be elim—

inated. These conditions extend from A.

to Z. through all the catalog of husbandry.

however. (but this

any other farm





We have to admit.

one subject. more than

topic, is the “red rag" that exl-ites the

combativeness ot‘ the farmer. with the

usual result that it is relegated to the

shade and left to lie there undisturbed.

A trip through the farming districts as

“interrogation point" for the bureau of

census will easily convince anyone of the

truth of this.

fact or condition than





is farther to seek





 





l

l





 





l

l

l





 





The reason for this general,





we have traveled. but possibly, and very





probably. a potent factor is the general

lack upon the farms of special equipment

for the garden work. This. however. is

insufficient excuse in this day and age

when drills, weeders, Wheel hoes, etc.. ga-

lore may be purchased in the single or

combined form as one desires. All of them

are hand tools and in the hands of a skill-

ful operator will do the work of four or

five men. It is a fact too well established

to admit of overthrow that the half acre

of garden well cropped and skillfully man-

aged will turn more profit and benefit to

the farmer's family in cash and other

assets than any other three or four acres

of the farm. After the proper filling of

the ground, very little horse labor is re-

quired and in the ordinary kitchen garden

they are generally a. nuisance except the}f

are exceptionally well trained. With some

of the longer standing crops. as potatoes.

corn. etc.. deeper culture than the hand

implements will do. is often advisable in

the later work especially. but in the gen-

eral cultivation the hand tools will an



swer. In the planting and laying out of





 





the garden it is well to plant these ex-





 





 





Play

Farm





FairWhouitYr

7'





You wouldn’t spread

Cinders on your corn land. Then

why Spread a fertilizer filled with





 

 





277





" (37)





 





them or with ground rock? You don’t



want any insoluble mineral in your soil to

harden it. What you do need is the necessary _



plant food to enrich it and Humus to loosen it





and make the other elements





BegiltlihlUS





\ available.





are the only ones made with a Human filler, every ounce of

which is ofvalue as soil food and conditioner. And there is a





Bashumus brand for every purpose and every soil.

Contains no hard sub-





teed not to clog or stick in any drill.





Guaran-





stance to injure machinery and has no oficnsivo smell. Nearly





all the best dealers handle Bashurnus brands.





Ask yours. If





he doesn‘t, write us. We will see that you get them. When



you write. ask for our book on fertilizers, ‘ Richer Soil tbr



Richer Profits." it is Free but is full of profit producing facts.

A post card will get the book and full information.





BASH FERTl’irJZER»





- The Kind That .

‘ Bri .-,. Results ‘





. WAYNE.





Dept. B





 





CO.





1ND.





 





 

 

 





berries

the year before.

‘ , young plants for a new bed.

" mailin

old, an

It will pay you to

BELT" Trees and lants.





~: ‘5, Hardy “Blizzard Belt”

.. Giant Strawberry Plants





Everybody likes fine strawberries. and to preve that our new

GIANT variety is the lar est and strongest grower. as well as

the heaviest fruiter, we 0 er to send you

. gocents} absolutely FREE. We have picked n quarts of fine



mm a test bed grown from but two GIANT plants set

You can do as well, and at the same time raise





expense. we will add 6 BABY EVERGREENS 2 years

send all to you at proper planting time in the spring.

t acquainted with our “HARDY BLIZZARD .

.-' Write to-day and we will reserve the'

’ ,. I plants for you and send you our catalog by next mail.





THE GARDNER NURSERY 60., Box 354‘, Osage, Iowa





FREE





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





TWO PLAN TS (worth





If you care to send xc cents for





Address .-





 





 





i‘3 in 1” Red Raspberry Herbert





.—





flardiest of all Reds and Heaviest Yieider of All

205 Bushels to the Acre—Outhhert only Averages 56





Description of The Herbert Raspbery





In/ Prof. ll'. '1'. .llucuun. 0

HERBERT (No. lT)-—-A chance seedling. originating with it.

A very strong grower. hardy and'ver)’ productive.





30 seedlings. probably of~()larke.





(”Nil/J"

. White. Ottawa. Fanllila. in 1R7. One of

Fruit large to \‘uh





large. obtusely conical, bright to rather dark red; rlrupes medium size. not crumbling; moderately firm;





sweet. and sub-avid. sprightly. juicy and of good tluvor.





Quality very good. Season begins a few days befom





Outhbert. The best red raspberry tested here. It has zlllthe good points required in :\ berry for local market.

i





being hardy. vigorous. pro uctive. ulth fruit. oi large





WE ARE growing this berry largely in l'. 15‘. and (Yarladu.

Address us BROWN’S NURSERIES, Ontario, Canada.





country. free of duty.





size. good color and very good quality. .

Prices quoted ior shipment lll either





BROWN BROS. CO... Nurserymen, Limited





800.000

f 4(':





Peaches 5 to '7 fer-t 9c: 4 to .3 it. \‘n; 3 to «l ft. 60: 2 to 9

2 to 3 ft. light 31; $0.000 Apples. 30.000 Pears. 50.00”





t.



Plums. 100.“)0 Cherry. 300.000 (.‘urolinu Poplar. and million;



of Grape and Small Fruits. Sf‘i‘llrl‘ \‘(ll‘li‘ilnfi now. pay in

. boring. Buy from the man who has the goods and suvedisap.



ointment. Catalog, Dunsvi'llo





tee to everybody.





HANDY GARDEN TOOL





Here's a practical tool for the farmer or

fidsner-mur No. 6 Combined Double and



gle Wheel Hoe. Hill and Drill Seeder.

Four tools for the price of one. It plants

in hills or continuous rows. covers the seed.

rolls the soil. marks the next row. hose,

weeds and cultivates. Simple, easy to open

I“. and does a day‘s work in 60 minutes-





Fann and

Garden Tools





For 75 years we have

made dependable tools

of quality for the

tanner, trucker and

tow n gardeners. We

make 33 garden tools

at two to $12.00 each.





Write to-dny for Annivers Catalog

mung our entire line ncluding

planters. cultivators, sprayers,



rs. orchard and other tools.





BATEMAN M’F'G C0.

Box 1042





SPRAYING





FRUIT TREES





is no longer an experiment.

but a necessity. Prevents

wormy fruit by destroy in

all insect pests and

f u n g u s diseases.

Every farmer. gar-

dener. fruit or

flower grower





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





   

   

   

 

 





 





 





 

 





should write forour

FREE catalog. de-

scribing 21 st; ice of

Sprayinkputnts and





 





 





 





 

 

   





Q containing a full

.,- treatise on spraying

fruit and vegetable

crops. and much valuable

information. (19)





m. STAIII. SPRAY!!! 00., Box liB-X, Quincy, iii.





 





 





 





 





 

 





GUARANTEEDTREES

at Wholesale Prices





Direct From Us and Save Honey.

Quality and Genesee Valley

Grown w ore Scale is Unknown.



2 1 PEACH rlesELEso 5w: rd 3

3Elb t 3Earl Or- 0rd. to re 0 .

Chenille: 3 Hmsyomii'.‘ 3 German. 3 My. Rivers.



True to name or no»? book. _

Write now for Free Catalog 0 Complete Line.

Reilly Bros. Nurseries. 1040 Reilly Bond. Dmvillo. I. I. ,





 

   

   

   





Sheerln’s Wholesale Nurseries. 2.x 1





 





NEW SEED OATS





Big Money in flats





New Seed Outs. Big money in oats if you

raise the right klm . Here‘syourchance

to get them. Imported Canadian Seed

Oats for sale; extra line. Semi for free

sample. It s ks for itself. Thlssanie

oats we sol United

States and proved their merit and our

statement that the farmers need a

change of in this country. “'0

make a specialty of grow ing extra line

seed oats on our big Canadian farm;

new.clean land; no weeds. Have best

known varieties. Regencrated Swedish

, Select went 116 bushels to acre this year;

Early New Market, Canada‘s favorite. 110

bushels to acre. Both of these are big. early

yielders. We absolutely know from ex-

perience it will pay you to get a Chan 6 of

Try some of these oats. The average oa are

inbred and run out. Canadian Government Grain

Inspector graded this grain No. 1 White. Havestit!

straw. white berry, thin husk. enormous yielder. it

is as easy to put in and harvest a big crop asasinail

one. The reason your cat crop is not bigger is be-

cause your seed is run out. This has been proven.

Look at: this cut. Taken from photograph of two

stalks from Gallows Brothers’ field, over 200 ker-

nels to the stalk. rite early for free sample, or.

send ten cents each for packet of one or both kinds.

W111 also send you free booklet entitled “Big

Money in Oats and How to Grow Them." by Galloway

Bros. and Prof. M. L. Bowman,tormer protessorof

farm crops Iowa Agricultural College. information

in this book is priceless. Get it free. Resolve to start

a seed patch on your high-priced land tuis year. The

book tells you how.





GALLOWAY BIOSaIOWMAN 00..

642 Galloway Section. Waterloo. Iowa-





l0,000 SEEDS ii!





We want you to try our Prize Seeds this yar

and have selected 50 best varieties and put up 10.000

seeds especially to grow Prize Vegetables and





 

 

 





 





last year in the





seed .





 





 





 





 





 





 

 





   

   

   

   

   





Flowers. The will produce more than $25. worth ct

Vegetables an 10 bushels of Flowers.

800 See Cabbage 3 Best Varieties 3 pkts.

.600 “ Lettuce 4 “ “ 4 “

800 “ Onion 2 “ “ 2 "

1.000 “ Radish 4 “ “ 4 “

300 “ Tomato 3 " “ ' 3 “

2.000 1“ Turnip l “ “ d “

.500 F owners 30 Grand Flowering Varieties





i

In all ".000 Seeds. and our new Seed Book with a

the Credit Check good for 100 selection. postpaid. 10c.





FAIRVIEW SEED FARMS. Box 12]. Syracuse. N. Y.





   

 





 





C

The Berlin Quart Our Specialty

‘ ‘ A WHITE ackaue which insures

highest pr ces for Your fruit. _

Write for 1910 cotalog showing

our mnpletellne.und secure your





 





 





BASKETS. CRATES. no. at

wmm mscovsrs



The ‘BEIUI FRUIT l0! '0.



lerlln Heights. Ohio.
27 8 (38)





- ceptional crops side and side in so far as





possible so that if horse labor is required

the whole. country need not be sought

over to find what you want.



Now, as to the tools above,mentioned,

as before stated, they may be purchased

in combined or single form. In general

truck gardening I would not advise the

purchasing of the combined tools, but for

the farm garden it may be advisable to

do so. They are readily changed from one

to another and do equally good work, but

in large operations they are often wanted

at one and the same time for different

uses. For example, the combined drill

and wheel hoe is readily changed from the

former to the latter and with a full equip-

ment is capable of many different combi-

nations and uses. As a drill, either hill

or full row system can be used, and as a.

cultural tool it has more uses than the

cat has lives. As a wheel-hoe, it is prac-

tically useless in the hands of a numb-

skull. be he man or boy; but under a

skillful operator it is worth the hire of

four or five men. For planting of pota-

toes, simply put on the little plows ad—

justed with land sides together, it will

easily furrow the ground deeply enough

for the seed and when that is dropped

rc—adjust with mold boards together and

you can cover'as fast as you desire to

walk. For use as a wheel—hoe. the hoes

may be placed close together and the

ground can be cleaned at a single pas-

sage of all weeds in their path. If de—

sired to use as a hand—weedcr. place the

hoes a, little apart, owing to age and size

of plants, and gcing astride the row you

can practically clean it so that hand

weeding is almost unnecessary. There

are cultivator attachments also and about

everything that one requires to make

work easy from planting to harvest.



A few dollars invested in such tools as

above described, together with a small

hot-bed equipment. would change the farm

garden from a Lore and bugbcar to a

thing of joy and protlt, not only for the

summer but the \vintcr and spring as

well. Hoes, spades. forks and rakes. as

well as ordinary, storage capacity for the

winter months are found upon every farm

and need not be specially dwt-lt upon.

There is one implement. how‘cvcr, sadly

lacking as well upon the farms as the

etunmercial gardens. The. hillside plow

is. in my judgment, a valuable investment

upon every farm. and if more generally

used would savt- much loss of ground and

vcxation of spirit as well, through the

(lead furrow nuisance. It is claimed by

some, of course, that they do not do good

work on level ground. “'li‘th I think is

not the case. There are plows and plows,

of course, both ordinary and hillside, and

many of the former do inferior work. lut

there are good ones of both the former

and latter makes and a good one. even of,

the latter, is worth is price and more. to

every tiller of the soil. whctlicr he be?

farmer or gardener. ‘



“'ayne Co. .1, ii. Mensa.



REMARKS ON THE GARDEN.





 





A good garden on the farm is of great

value. It is wise to plan ahead so that

one can have an early variety for the

table. The ground on which onions are

to be grown should be prepared as soon as

the frost is well out of the ground. Muck.

if not too wet, is the best. There will be

less difficulty with worms, if plenty of

salt and ashes are sown on the iield bo-

forc it is harrowcd and rolled.



The sced should be drilled in as early

as possible. Sow lettuce. radish seed and

peas about the same time. \\'ith good

management the farmer‘s faily can

have, vegetables early and one can usually

sell all the radishes that he can raise, if

he plants them in good season.



in former seasons, the supply of celery

has not been equal to the demand. it is

an easy crop to raise under ordinary con-

ditions. The climate most; favorable is

bright sunshine. pure air, cool nights and

Select a sandy

Leaf mold





an abundance of rain.

loam with rich, mellow soil.





 

 





 





 





l

t

t

i





 





that has been passed through a sieve, may

be spread over the soil. and will prove to

be, of advantage. Much care needs to be

exercised in transplanting as that is the

most important feature of celery growing.



The diligent gardener will have no diffi-

culty in marketing all the celery that he

can raise. if he knows how. Professor

Harcourt has ptrnted out the utility of

wood asehs in growing vegetables. Some

of the useful elements are potash, phos—

phoric acid and limc. The first named

consituent is of especial value. On land

where clay predominates, the lime in the

ashes releases the potash from the in—

soluble elements in the soil, so that the

vegetables can assimilate it.



Oakland Co. Z. I. DAVIS.





l





 





~ THE” MICHIGAN "FARMER. I





\





;





cecal





‘E’éé’éééiS’é





which influence the use of





t; ’ fertilizers





a; can hardly be over-estimated.





fl lacking constituent.





not as heavy as indicated by the growth.





look to the future.

results and increase his orders each season.

tremendous business.





\



l



l



l



\ bl f



\ a -e orm.

\



l



l





!‘ \Ve want agents for unoccupied territory.





”l The American Agricultural Chemical Co.,





I“ Detroit Sales Department, DETROIT, MiCH.

“‘ LARGEST MANUFACTURERS OF HIGH GRADE FERTlLlZERS IN THE WORLD.





”PP”’PP l

Gaeeeeeaefiééaii





" Unsr SPRAYERSONFREETRIAL





‘ ‘ “““‘

fisEEEsizz-ysssszd





According to U. S. Department of Agriculture Farmers’”

Bulletin No.1 308, the best farmers obtain yields of 1 to 2' bales

of cotton, 40 to 75 bushels of corn, 40 to 75 bushels 'of oats, per

acre, on soils where others get but one-half to 1 bale of cotton,

15 to 40 bushels of corn and 15 to 40 bushels of oats, per acre,

due to the fact that the best farmers have a better understanding

of the value and use of commercial fertilizers in growing large

crops of superior quality, and employ better methods.

the importance of taking into consideration all the factors





A plant must'have all the es-

l” sential fertilizer constituents present in available form onits

growth will be hindered in proportion to the deficiency of the





.\ The above forceful statement fully covers the ground and should

\ strongly impress all studious and progressive farmers.

will wonder why his sugar beets did not analyze higher for sugar, or why

so many cornstalks have no cars on them, or perhaps the yield of wheat was

Such conditions plainly demon-

strate that the plant food in the soil was out of balance.



farmer should take no chances as to the Fertilizer he uses.

safest plan is to use high grade well-balanced Fertilizers which contain the

right amounts of Nitrogen, Phosphoric Acid and Potash in the most avail—





Our Fertilizers are made not only to contain the full percentages of plant

food according to guaranteed analysis but—we go further than that. The

agricultural value of our Fertilizer is given the first consideration because we

\Ve want every farmer who uses our Fertilizer to get good

That is why we are doing a

Our factories never shut down. .

ials, good bags, mechanical condition perfect— the best goods that skill, experience

and capital can put together and sell at the lowest prices.





Vv’ritc its for our proposition.





 





MARCH ', 1511





see:





.“.‘





'

‘1‘“.





Also that





V

9'39", ’, ' ’;"",.‘c»€f'.'f¢g""





Sometimes a farmer





Therefore, the

The best and





R

2:





232????





Our policy is best mater-





“\“““

3:22:33:





4





. no - noun - Ill - mam — no

em nsrosn — PM man IT

HAS mm ran ITSELF





LET US SEND YOU ANY Of THESE SPRAYERS—to try for 10 days, '

then if you buy, you can pay us cash or we’ll wait till you sell your crop, then





 





mun-Power Potato and orchud Sprayer.





Spr-yn “anythin¢”—potatoes or truck. 4 rows at a

time. Also first-class tree sprayer. Vapor spray pre-

vents blight, bugs, scab and rot irom cutting your crop

in half. High pressure from big wheel. Pushes easy.

Spray arms adjust to an width or he‘Xht of row. Chealg

inprice lijihtfitron an durable. GU RANTEEDE‘O

l" VEFL LYEA s. Needn’t-send-a-centto at it “on

locality.





able” spray arms and nozzles.





run ted





trial.” You can get one free i! you are llruin y

Write today.





Write today.





You can get u Hurst Sprayer absolutely free

if you are the first in your locality this season

to send for one of our Sprayers for trial.

""—_"- You need do no canvasain r or soliciting. it.

will only take 15 minutes of your tune. e do the work.

When you get a sprayer from us you get. the benefit. of our

24 years experience in manufacturing Sprayers. Hurst.

Sprayers won the gold medal at the National Horticultural

l. Congress spraying machine contest. Send

mark the attached coupon andmail it. to us and we will

‘ send you our tine catalog, spraying guide, and will tell you

how youcan get a sprayer free. Don’t delay, write us at

proposition and awe money.





H. I.. Hunsr mrc. co. 2‘44 North 3... Canton, Ohio





 





 





‘» ' , l . ' -~



‘ 1 . , ‘ ‘ ¢. , ‘ , - l .

_ ' 5 . 5.:



“ tin-L- ., A; it". ”i





Homo-Power Potato and Orchard Sprayer.





For his growers. Most powerful machine made. so to

190 gallon tank for one or two horses. Steel axle. One-

piqce-hcavy-angle—iron frame, cypress wood tank with

adjustable round iron hoops. Metal wheels.

. Bras. ball-valves,wun-

ger, strainer, etc. Big pump gives vapor spray.

“ for five years. Try ”L18 machine at our expense

Will] your money 172. your pocket." See free otter below.





H. L. HORST MFG. CO _ ‘ ,



Send me your Catalogmprayui (.tude and "special —-

offer" on the sprayer marked wn an X below.

.. .. . ..... Man-Power Potato and Orchard Sprayer.

. . . . . . .. . .flone-Power Potato and Orchard Sprayer.

.. .. .. . . . .Fitu-All Bun-rel Sprayer.





. . . .. "4-th Oren-rd Sprayer.





Wholesale dealers ' prices.





   





Fitz-All Barrel Spnyer.

Fits any barrel or tank. High pressure.

perfect agitation, easy to operate. Bran

ballfvaives. piun er. strainer. etc. Auto-





matic strainer. 0 “cup leather: or rub.

bcr" about any of our Sprayers. Furn-

ished plain, mounted, on barrel. or on

9" wheels as shown. Five year guarantee.

It don’t cost you “q cent” to try it in your

archard. Get one/rec. See below.



Write today.





"Adjust-





 





244 North St... Canton, 0,





Fill Out and

Send today





NAME” .- .. nun... .-noon-oases.-coo-.ooooua-ooou-coooonova-o





ADDRESS ...... ...................................





 





. . is sufficient for the front

of a post card. If you will

u r ee 1 a e la write your own address



’ ’ plainly on the other side

we shall be pleased to send THE LEADING AMERICAN SEED CATALOG. An elegant book of 174

pages, it tells the plain truth, and should be read by





0

all who would have the best garden possible and _

who are willing to pay a fair price for seeds of the urpee— “a l y





 





“KANT-KLOG”.

SPRAYERSQQK





Something New 5:3."- _



Gets twice the results—He 2:15:-

with same labor and fluid. Eig'

Flat or round, fine or coarse spray.

from name noule. Ten a les. For

trees, potatoes, gardens, w itewaahlng',

etc. Agents Wanted. Booklet Free.





Rochester Spray PIMP CO- 32:33.1? i.





 

   

 

 

 





When writing is advertisers don't fail to mention that you saw their ad. in the Michigan Farme‘





'23?





 

 





 

 





' b





9'.

.t





-‘+ s ;_





‘3





 





 





 





 





 





 





l.





.5.‘,x,“;.-:
wk;—





1

.





 





 





 





 





 

 





 





 





 





 

 





 





“’LAAA'AAAAAAAAAAAA*





Our-Mott ‘ “The Farmer is of more





' consequence than the rum. and should in





> first 1mproved.' » _

THE MARCH PROGRAMS.





’ state Lecturer. Suggestions for First

Meeting.

Opening song.

Current events.



citation.

. 331m“, II—Marketing good milk.

r ducer and a consumer.

Talks by a p 0 page 116, Song





Song. “Three Crows,"

ack. ~ ..

Kwding, “Prayer of the Horse. in

of steward.

0.1135512, “Frogs at School." page 16. Song

Knapsack.





.Fifteen minutes with the animals;

Song, “Shepherdess,” page 11, Grange

Melodies.





AND RECIPROCITY.





 





THE GRANGE





. The promptness with which the Grange

attacked the pending reciprocity agree-

ment. and the dogged determination

shown in getting the farmers' opinion of

the agreement before the members of

congress, has been most gratifying, to all

Patrons and has won the organization

many friends in states where the Grange

does not now exist. It is safe to say

that farmers in unorganized states have

never felt so keenly the need of an or-

ganization through which to communicate

their‘views as during the past few weeks.

nor have they ever before fully realized

how much stronger would be their influ-

ence, in an emergency of this kind. were

they able to present a solid organized

front, and this especially applies to the

strong agricultural states of the middle

west, states in which the farmers are,

for the most part. unorganized.



The alertness of the Grange ' is evi-

denced by the fact that, while the farm-

ers of the country had really not awakened

to the need for prompt and concerted

protest before action was taken upon

the measure by the lower house of con-

gress, the legislative committee of the

National Grange succeeded in lodging a

strong and well considered protest with

that body before the vote was taken. It

proved ineffectual, but the organization

immediately turned its attention to the

senate and during the past ten days that

august body has been made to appreciate

the strength and the perseverance of or-

ga'nized agriculture as never before. with

the result that, at this writing. it is prac—

ticaLly conceded that the measure cannot

be driven through the present senate.





In the protest referred to, the Grange

makes an especially strong defense to the

implied charge that the farmers of the

country are responsible for the high cost

of living, as follows: ‘



“The advocates of reciprocity do not

deny that, Canadian farm products will

to a large extent displace the produce of

our farms; on the contrary, they try to

justify the measure by claiming that it

will reduce the cost of those products to

me consumer. As against this claim we

wish to submit certain facts set forth in

the Annual Report of the Secretary of

Agriculture for 1910. As the result of a.

careful investigation of the increase of

prices of farm products in their transfer

to the consumer. Secretary Wilson shows

that the difference between the price

paid the farmer, and the cost to the con-

sumer, is in many cases 40 to 50 per cent.

Fer instance, it was found that the poul-

try grewer received only 55.1 per cent of

the price paid by the consumer: that the

dairyman receives a Scant 50 per cent of

the price paid for milk: the apple grower,

55.6 per cent: that beef cost the consumer

38 Der cent more than the price paid the

great slaughtering houses, and other

farm produce from 41 to 50 per cent over

the original cost. The conclusion of this

section of Secretary VVllson’s report is:



“ ‘From the details that have been pre-

sented with regard to the increase of the

prices of farm products between farmer

and consumer, the conclusion is inevitable

that the consumer has no well-grounded

complaint against the farmer for the

prices that.he pays.



“ ‘After consideration of the elements

of the matter, it is plain that the farmer

is not getting an exorbitant price for his

products. and that the cost of distribu—

tion, from the time of delivery at destina-

tion by thefirailroad' to delivery to the

consumer, is the feature of the problem



"of high prices which must present itself

to the conSume'r for treatment..’ .



“No, it is not the tariftron farm Dro-



duct's that. is responsible for the high cost





 





   





or, the commission houses, wholesale deal-

ers. and retailers. through whose hands

farm products must pass to reach the

consumer." ‘





 





AMONG THE LIVE onAnoss.





 





Charlevolx Pomona. No. 40, was royally

entertained .by Pine Lake Grange, Feb.

16. Owing to the very uncertain condi-

tion of the roads and threatening weath-

er, the attendance was not large, only

four officers reporting for duty. Regular

Grange work was supplemented by nu-

merous songs, recitations and readings.

The two principal topics discussed were,

“The County Road System" and “The

Canadian Reciprocity Treaty." Senti-

ment was decidedly in favor of adopting

the county road system, while on the lat-





ter question opinion was divided. Hon.

J. M. Harris, of Boyne City, gave a short

talk during the afternoon recess in which

he emphasized the educational value of

association and the greater need of co-

operation between all organizations along

lines wherein their interests are identi-

cal. The following Granges were declared

the Banner Granges of the county. For

the third quarter of 1910, Marion Centre;

for the fourth quarter, Harmony Grange.

Three applicants for the fifth degree were

received. The executive committee was

instructed to fix the time and place for

the next meeting—R. A. Brlntnall, Sec.



Hesperia's Big Meeting.—The nine-

teenth annual meeting of the Grangers'

and_Teachers' Association of Newaygo

and Oceana counties, was held Feb. 9 to

11, in the remote village of Hesperia—

away from any railroad and where every

great speaker that has come to speak

says this meeting is a marvelous thing

and would be an utter impossibility any-

where else. The same eager. interested

crowd was there and at the close pro-

nounced the meeting the equal of any pre-

viously held. One of the principal ad-

dresses was that delivered by Bro. J. C.

Ketcham on “The Grange an Opportu-

nity.” He deplored the farmers' apparent

lack of interest in legislation. and sound—

ed a note of warning on the reciprocity

question, declaring that through organi«

zations such as the Grange the farmers

may place their views before the great

law-making bodies in a way that com-

mands attention and respect. Other

speakers of note were ex-Gov. Hoch, of

Kansas. who gave a very forceful tem-

perance talk; Dr. Delos Fail, who con-

tributed an illustrated lecture; Hon. Luth—

er L. V‘i'right, state superintendent of

public instruction, who discussed school





problems. and Hon. X". W. \‘i'edemeyer,

who gave an address on “Latin-Am-

erica."





Harmony Grange, of Charlevoix 00.,

held an enthusiastic meeting on Tuesday

evening. Feb. 14, in spite of the storm.

One candidate was obligated in the third

and fourth degrees. A contest was ar-

ranged for in which attendance. prompt-

ness, new members, original essays. reci-

tations, readings, music and visits to oth-

er Granges count for various numbers of

points, the losers to furnish a supper and

the winners a program at the end of the





contest. Contest is to begin the first

meeting in March and continue three

months. A good program was carried





out in which interesting things in regard

to Lincoln. and public affairs in which

the Grange is interested, were the lead—

ing features.





Ganges Grange, of Allegan Co., recently

held an all—day meeting which proved one

of the most enjoyable of the entire win-

ter. The forenoon was devoted to degree

work, the first and second degrees being

conferred upon Editor and Mrs. Jay Pal-

miter, Prof. and Mrs. W. B. Sheehan, Mr.

and Mrs. W. E. Collins, and Mr. and Mrs.

John Tucker. Then the whole assembly

were called to “work” in the newly-made

dining—room where a most elegant din-

ner was served. The recent fitting up of

the basement of the building for dining-

room purposes proves a good idea and an

improvement that will be fully appreciat-

ed at all future meetings. The afternoon

was devoted to business and profitable

discussmn of various topics. The Grange

is prosperlng and is proving a help and

benefit to the farmers whose interests

call for organized and united efforts as

never before. Another all-day meeting

will be held March 2, with conferring of

degrees in the forenoon and an excellent

lecture hour program after dinner.



Woman’s Suffrage was recently the

subject of a debate between the sisters

and brothers of Marion Center Grange, of

Charlevolx Co. The question was stated

thus: Resolved. That Woman’s Suffrage

would be a benefit to Michigan. The

sisters presented the affirmative side and

won the decision of the judges.





 





COMING EVENTS.





 





Pomona Meetings.



iVashtenaw Co.. with Y)silant'

Tuesday. March 14. I l Grange,



Kent (30., at Sparta. Wednesday. March

8. followed by Lecturers' Conference at

same place on Thursday. March 9.



Western (Ottawa Co.) Pomona, with

Nunica Grange. Friday and Saturday.

March 10 and 11. Teachers’ and Patrons'

mEeting. s3: sessions.



mmet 0.. with Bear Creek ran .

Friday. March 10. G ge



-ewaygo 00.. with Ashland Gran .

Wednesday and Thursday. March 8 aged

9. Bro. J.. Ketcham. state speaker;

topic, “Grange Life Insurance." .





 





. ' ' ~ THE, MICHIGAN FARMER.

, ‘ offood. but the excessive freight charges I

. .7 of the railv‘a'ays, . and... the exorbitant profits





 





 





77"





V





 





E FARMERS’ cums~





Address all communications relative to

the organization of new Clubs to Mrs. C.

P. Johnson, Metamora, Mich.





 





Associational Motto.—



The skillful hand, with cultured mind,

is the farmer's most valuable asset.

Auoclatlonal Sentiment.—



The farmer, he garners from the soil

the primal wealth of nations. '





THE FARMER OF THE FUTURE.





 





Paper read by J. C. McDowell. of the





U. S. Department of Agriculture, before,





the State Association of Farmers‘ Clubs.

(Continued from last week).



What are we to do‘.’ We are not farm-

ing for the fun of it, neither are we

managing our farms to demonstrate some

pet theory of conservation. To be sure,

we want conservation of resources, but

what we desire most of all on every farm

and in every occupation is utility and

efficiency. “'9 must not and cannot con-

serve our soils by letting them lie idle.

They must be made to give us the max-

imum of crops, and in return they must

receive the best of care at our hands.

But how can we raise crops, and live

stock, and sell enough from our farms to

not us sufficient income with which .to

support ourselves and families in corn-

fort, and still maintain our soils in their

original state of productiveness. This is

not an easy question to answer, but it is

not impossible of solution. The answer

must of necessity be different for each

locality, and as a rule it must vary to

some extent for each individual farmer.

The city demands milk, butter, meat,

grain, hay. and also the ray materials

for the manufacture of clothing: and all

of these must be furnished from the

farm. If the city demanded dairy pro-

ducts only, the problem would be easy

to solve, as butter and cream do not

draw heavily on soil fertility.



If we are to transmit fertile instead of

worn out soils to our children, the farm-

ers of the future, we must handle these

soils intelligently. First of all, we must

know how much plant food the soil con-

tains at present, and how rapidly this is

being taken by the crops we are produc-

ing, then we must determine as to the

advisability of returning to the soil as

much as the crops remove. It is fortu—

nate that most of the elements required

to produce plants are found in the soil

in such large quantities that they may be

disregarded, and it is also of fully as

much importance that some of the ele-

ments are supplied from the air and wat-

61‘. If all these elements had to be pur-

chased ou the mark-cl in large enough

quantities to supply our crops in full we

would soon reach the end of agriculture

in this country. but luckily such is not

the case. Of the many elements needed

in plant growth we may usually disregard

all except four: Nitrogen, phosphorus,

potassium and calcium. Many of our

soils are well supplied with calcium and

potassium: while clover, alfalfa, and oth-

er legumes are able to make the nitrogen

of the air available in our soils for all

crops. This means that the problem of

supplying phosphorus is the greatest

problem connected with permanent sys-

tems of agriculture.



As all the products of the farm contain

all these elements there is no system of

farming that will enable us to sell any-

thing from our farms without using up

at least a small amount of the phosphates

of the soil, but every farmer should know

to what extent his present system of

farming is using up plant food. and he

should adopt a system that will at least

replace the phosphates that are being

used. it requires about two dollars to

buy the amount of phosphorus and potas-v

sium in a ton of clover hay, and about

the same amount for that in a ton of

clover seed. The ton of clover hay sells

for perhaps twenty dollars, while the ton

of clover seed may sell for three hundred

dollars, or for fifteen times as much as

the clover hay. On light soil we may be

able to buy fertilizers for such crops as

clover seed, while it would be out of the

question for us to buy fertilizers for

clover hay unless we intend to feed all

the hay on the farm. I wish I had time

to develop this phase of my Subject, but

these figures give us some idea of why

so few farmers can afford to sell hay on

the market. If time permitted we might

carry this idea a little farther and see

how much more you get for the phos-

phorus and potassium when you sell them





 





(39) 279





in the form of beef or pork, than when





they are sold in the form of hay. If you

will investigate a little you will find that

butter being composed almost altogether

of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, which

are supplied entirely from air and water,

takes almost no fertility from the soil.

With butter at 35 ‘cents a pound the

phosphorous and potassium in seven

thousand dollars’ worth of butter costs

but one dollar. The farmer of the future

will know all these things and he will

manage his farm accordingly.



From these figures let us learn that on

the sandy lands of Michigan we must sell

fertility at the highest price, and that

means that we must sell it in the form

of butter, cream. clover seed. vetch seed.

eggs, poultry, or in some other form in

which a small amount of fertility is ex-

changed for a large amount of money.

The Office of Farm Management of the

I’nited States Department of Agriculture

is making quite a study of the various

systems of farming in order to determine

which are adapted to the different sec-—

tions and to the variations of soil and

climate in difierent parts of the country.

\l'e have already done considerable work

in the sandy soils of Michigan and W’is-

cousin, and we are getting favorable re-





sults. We are working out a system of

permanent agriculture for the wheat-

growing districts of the west. and in





many other sections we are engaged in

similar work. The best of it is, we are

meeting with the hearty co-operation of

the farmers. As I receive mymail from

day to day and note the numerous calls

for assistance that are coming to our





cfiice, I cannot but feel that “the hill"

*vest truly is great but the laborers are

few."





(Continued next week).





 





COUNTY ASSOCIATION MEETING.





The Shiawassee County Association of

Farmers‘ (.‘lubs held a meeting in Illt‘

ll. ;.;_ Church at Corunna on Friday. Feb.

17. The bad weather and roads prcvcni-

ed the usual large attendance which has

been enjoyed at previous meeting of this

association, yet the church was Comfort-

ably full for the afternoon session. Co-

operation was ably discussed by B. Maw

men at the morning session, and an in-

teresting general discussion followed his

address on this subject. An enjoyable

literary and musical program was given.

At noon the ladies of the church serveo

dinner in the dining—room with which

the church is equipped. it being necessary

to fill the tables twice to accommodate

those in attendance. The afternoon pr0*

gram was opened by an excellent address

from Pres. J. D. Leland. of the asociation.

Mrs. E. T. Miller road a well prepared

paper on ”Farm Life, Yesterday, Today

and Tomorrow,” in which she reviewed

the hardships of the farm life of yester-

day as compared with that of today, and

predicted a brighter and more enjoyablo

farm life for tomorrow. .\ “Revicw of

the Salient Features of Gov. Osborn's

Message,“ was the topic assigned to

Frank W'helan. who handled his subject

in an interesting and entertaining man-

ner. I. R. ii'aterbury, editor of the Mich-

igan Farmer, addressed the association on

the subject. “Farming as a Business,"

taking up some of the more important

factors of business farming, which are

too often neglected, and speaking briefly

on the proposed Canadian reciprocity

agreement in its relation to the business

of profitable farming. \i'ashington Bing-

ham spoke on the subject of sheep feed-

ing, in a. most interesting manner, men-

tioning some of the more important fac-

tors in the successful conduct of that en-

terprise. Resolutions were passed by the

association demanding a more stringent

enforcement of the liquor law in Shia—

wassee Co, which is now under local op«

tion. Among the entertainment features

of the program worthy of special mention

were recitations by Misses Maud Slocum

and Lena Streng, and'musical numbers

by the Corunna Glee Club and by Mr.

and Mrs. Claud Martin. Altogether. a

profitable meeting was enjoyed by the

goodly number who attended it.





 





 





CLUB DISCUSSIONS.





 





The Sixth Anniversary of the Assyria

Fix-liicrs‘ Ciub was ‘ueld at the very pleas-

ant home of Mr. and Mrs. C. E. Cox, Jan.

2x, it being just six years that day since

its organization. Two hundred were served

to a most excellent dinner. after which

President Mayo called to order and a fine

program was carried out. A song to the

ploucers was sung by the Club. Paper

by Miss Eva Kent. “Home and School In-

fluence on the Pupil." was fine. Several

songs. recitatious and instrumentals were

given. A very interesting report of the

State Farmers' Club meeting was given

by its delegate. Mrs. Hattie Tuckerman.

“How Has the Club Bencfited You?" All

thought it had benefited them socially

and some financially. Those of us who

had the pleasure of attending the state

meeting of Clubs thought we had been

benefited by seeing and getting acquainted

with members of other Clubs, who seem

like one large family, all congenial with

one another. Our Club has enrolled 125

members. “Kind Word's Can Never Die,"

was sung by the Club. which then ad-

journed to meet with Mr. and Mrs. Alvah

Briggs, Feb. 25.-—Club Reporter.
. Q ,m«.;





a . .. .c.





. - ..;.. Whamcww





'- WE‘h‘fis-s :- 1-,.





;sssee ..... asses-lesseeeseeeleeeoee osss-ssoee-eeeee-eeeoesssle





‘ Sen

send the following additional: (Check off Books you want.)





.auflty-i . essnessreeeeso-ossn-sou-sme...oa. ........ ........





 





 





our Great 1911 m... 'Wrecking Sale





Brand New Lumber and Building Material - ‘





EVERY STICK OF LUMBER





HOW WE OBTAIN

OUR SUPPLIES





We purchase at Sheriffs’, Receivers' and

Manufacturers’ Sales, besides owning out-

right sawmills and lumber yards. Usually

when you purchase your building material

elsewhere for the complete building shown

here, it will cost you from 50 to 60 per cent

more than we ask for it. By our “direct to

you” methods we eliminate several middle-

men’s profits. We can prove this to you.





Write Us For Facts





ognize the





 





$1,000,000.





virtue of a satisfied customer.





OUR BINDING GUARANTEE





This Company has a capital stock and surplus of over

We guarantee absolute satisfaction in every detail.

If you buy any material from us not as represented, we will take

it back at our freight expense and return your money. We rec-

We will in every

instance “Make Good.” Thousands of satisfied customers prove

this. Ask any Bank, or write to the publishers of this paper.





 





Cur Responsibility is Unquestioned





CHICAGO HOUSE WREOKINO COMPANY





 





IS BRAND NEW





0

Our stock consists of Brand New Material

and any statement to the contrary is false and

purposely misleading. Get our Guaranteed

Quotation, delivered Free of Freight Charges

at your home station.

every item is guaranteed to be exactly as

represented. A positive saving of from 30

to 50 per cent by our “ direct to you ”

methods. Let us prove this to you.





You run no risk, as





Let Us Make You an Estimate





 





 





Steam and Hot Water Heating





We furnish complete Hot Air. Hot

Water and Steam Heating Plants of every

kind. It makes no diil'erence , ,

whether it is an old or a new

building. we can furnish ma-

4 terial at real “Wrecking

"- Prices." Our Special Heat-





 





free to those interested. tells all the

facts and gives much valuable infor-

mation. Send us sketch or diagram of \‘

your building or home and we Will

make you an estimate.





Steel Roofingz Siding, Ceiling





Economical and easy to put on. no





Buys tlie





   





'$675-°———9





terial to Build

this House





Ma-





 





 





 





 





 





revlious experiearcg neaessary; albso-

t rantee ran new. c can ,

silogky—Ei'lkht as is {toiling-é lllohingsh “Willing!“

r ate . on a. n s e s cc . .

i351]? tannin. wide. BUILT OVER

Gand 8ft. long. 1005q.i.'t.. - 300 TIMES

Painted. same as above ....... 51.9!

h rru ated. galvanized, .



niiit ingooio stegel sheets. light . This; house has been _



wei ht to 24 in. wide. $3 25 bu11tnw1th our material

2 to 7 ft. long. 00 sq. ft --------------- ' over 000 times during the





We a the freight at these prices to all

pointsllaayst of Colorado in the U. S. Samples

In free. Write for prices to other points.





Mill Work





Thousands ot Items at Mill Work

ot all kinds.





Maine to Utah,

to Texas.

All material is





 

 

 

 





construction,

. We mak

it can be see





 

 





Anything from a single 4-panel door '

_ Bt—$1.18 to a superb Colonial Front

Entrance at ...................... $25.00 ‘



We have Porch Material. Windows

and Door Frames of all descriptions.

Special Windows, uilt-In China ,

C osets. Beautiful Mantels. Consoles.

Grilles. etc. . .



A complete house bill can be furnish-

edvaou on short notice.



0 guarantee our Mill Work to be of

high grade qualit . splendid workmanship and

the most artistic esigns.



Our unique method of buying in vast quantities.

many times at practically our own figures places

us in absolute] first position of furnishing cus-

tomers with t 0 highest qualities at the lowest



noes.



p Let us have your not end we'll make you on

otter that Is bound to save you money.





I .

3 Livmc 9/!

:. liens-s .





 

 





   

 

 





 





lllr Pressure Water Works





last 20 months, in all sec-

tions of the conning from

a





terior finish Clear Georgia Pine.





“. W





nada. '

W .





brand





 





 





' Latest Style

Solid and substantia .





 

 

   





' . ‘ .. W W...

new and guaranteed t roughout. Framing No. 1 stock; in-

Trim with cross panel doors.

Biggest bargain ever offered.





Standard





0 immediate shipment of all material from our Chicago plant, where





n and loaded under your





BLUE PRINT PLANS $2.00





For $2.00, which we refund if material is

gurchased from us, we furnish complete

lue Print Plans, Specifications and Material

List full describing the articles we furnish





for the a ove building or any building shown



in our Plan Book. These plans may be re-



turned Within 20 days. if not satisfactory,

and $1.50 Will be refunded.





Our Plan Book is Sent Free





Our free plan offer is fully ex lained in

our Plan Book. and there are near y 100 ad-

ditional dosigns.all of which have been work-

ed out with a. View to the greatest economy,

and are thoroughly practical. If the above

desxgn docs not interest you, we know you

Wlll be able to make a. selection from our

Plan Beck. Send for it today.





personal supervision, if desired.





 





i” 0 Climate

sxira





JD-





 





cm“

9.0 X W-O





u-oxno -





 





 





 





Roar





 





 





Dr. con D Econ





 





 

 

 





Modern AirfPressum

Water Supply Systems

at prices ranging from



.00 to $200. They are

strictly new, first class

and complete in ever





detail. It makesnodi - (Address furn





 





Chicago House Wrecking Co., Chicago, Ill.



Everything arrived in good condition.

building, including steam heat and bath room outfit about $1000.

LEWIS YOUNG.





HE BUILT HOUSE DESIGN No. 6.





lshed on application.) (Signed)





 





Found everything alright.





Saved on





Pa.





 





 





fer-once whether you

live in the country. you

can away every city

comfort at l ittie ex-

pense. Why not inves-



lgate this? We are

ready to you

with all the facts free





 

 

 

 





SEND US YOUR LUMBER BILL FOR

0 U R FREIGHT PA I D ESTIMATE





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





of charge. All material

fully guaranteed. We

also have a com lets

stock of Pipe. elves

and Flttin at _40 toOOI

saving.

zines at low prices.





 





our ome.

Boer Locks. Hm s,_

Window Bolts. Drill

Sash Weights. 83911

Cord Lats





We can save you from





   





my Write today.





   

 





 





“Premier” Ready Mixed Paints





Made of such fine material. com-

bined with the highest degree ‘of

manufacture that we guarantee them

for ten years. Of most adhesive qua-

lity and practically weather proof.

Retains its color, lustre and fresh

appearance.



“Premler” Ready Mixed House

Palnt, more than forty diflerent

shades. Price in fifty gallon barrels. per gel-

Ion. $1.08. Get our prices on "Premier" House

Barn. Roof and Fence Paints. Color Card Free.





FILL BUT THIS COUPON





Chicago House Wrecking Co.





I saw your Page Advertisement in men] an [a

I am interested in the following items: il m"





 





led





 

   

   

 





 





I'OI‘.





 

   

   

 

 





   





   

 

 

 

 





   





 





formation

Corrugate





(1 me FREE your Large Illustrated Catalog. Also





Book Heating Roof- 1000 I

o and ing Page 5

Plans Plumbing Book Catalog ,

Mme .......... ...........;..............................

Town-IIIOIIQOCCOIOCIUIOIIOIIIOI ooooooo .00-OIIOIIIOICOIOO OI.





RFD page;





1W





l MEWGIOEB (apporti‘linitiesmto 8??

asome en- ar ware urnis ngs o

mono on Our stock consists of





es. Wardrobe

all of the most modern manufactur-

ing and first class in ever respect.





to

' k 'is fully illustra

Edgar-£23: in our mammoth Catalog

which we will send tree for the ask.





A neat. artistic Mantel of

rich pleasing design, Vunexcel-





Workmunship and finish will

please the most critical. Oak

or birch woods. Beveled mir-





wide. A Mantel that will prove

an ornament to any room.

Order No. 106-8021. price

$11.95. Get our free Mantel

lircular which shows many ad-

. ditional sizes and designs at

correspondingly low prices.





Roofing; Book





A most valuable book filled with in-





 

 

 

 

 





Push Plates.

, H em, and uarter blocks. Turnout

ulleys. gash 100 b o‘cks a day. Ten days

Hooks and free trial lvcn to every one.





per cent.

ted and





 





MANTELS





 

 





anywhere for the price.





Size 79 in. high. 60 in.





d and Ready Roofing. Ex- inflamed-

amples, dlagrams and in-

structions on how to ap-

ply all kinds of material,

Roofing, Ceiling and

Siding, exterior andin-

terior finish. Every

home builder should



have one of these





 





nothing. ‘Write today.





tical cement buildin

machine. Blocks8x8x1 inches

You can make whole. all





We furnis either single or

d o u b l 8 core flasks. Oper-

ates so easily a boy can un-

derstand itand use it without

prewous ex rience. This

machine is t s most for the money t

cured; isafactory in itself. Send for





lock





Cement Building Block Machine

013.85 for aflrst classgrao- - ,





 





itiat can be se-

ree catalog.





Screen Doors at Half Price





Green Stained





of





. 4 Panel. Each

Size. 2 ft. 6 in. x 6 1t. 6 1n.. 1% in. $0.60 ;

Size. 2 ft. 10 in. x 6 ft. 10 '

Size, 2 ft. 8 in. x 7 ft. 1%

Size, 2 ft. 10 x 7 ft. 1% in.

v 2 Panel as shown

Natural Wood Finish



With two coats of best varnish.

Size, 2 ft. Bin. x 7 ft- 1% in. -

Size. 2 ft’ 10 in. x7 ft. 13-5 in. -

Size. 2 ft. 10in. x 6 ft. 10 in. 136111.

Size. 8 ft- x 7 ft. 1% in. - 1





Mammoth Free Catalog





The Greatest Price Wrecker ever





in. 1% in. .60

in - .90





$1.00

1.00

1.25





- - ” stock Furniture. Cloth-

bOOLS' It W111 COSt you ing. Dry Goods. Boots and Shoes. Fill in the

coupon shown elsewhere and tell us your needs.





A





 





 

 

 

 





Rawhide Rubber Roofing





Flre.hail and weather root. Not

aflectcd by heat or col . Recom-

mendod'by fire underwriters. 108

ft. to a roll. with large headed

nails and cement for laps. Re-

gulres no coating after laying.

1?»? be” m“: teed6 s1 22



y. uaran‘ years, .

2Ply. “ 9 “ l 49





. ,m Hull't‘run‘

’ 3





   





{Hug ~mifl‘lW





Buns





   





   





".H





   

 





3 Ply. “ 12 “ 1.7

Freight paid to Illinois. Indiana,



own, Wisconsin Ohio and Michi-

gan. Write for delivered price to

other States and Roofing Book.

Samples mailed free.





M





H,

Y“,1





As my,





 

   

   





 





15,000,000 to 20,000,000 feet of Brand

New ngb Grade Lumber and Building Matorlal

here at our mammoth Chicago plant ready for

Immediate shipment.



Our leading {caution as expert buyers in vast



uantities o t 6 best qualities at extremely low



gures, enables us to quote our customers lower

prices, quality considered. than any other con-

cern in existence.

eke use visit—personally Inspect our immense

stock—and superintend the loading of your order

if on wish.

our eve purchase is backed by our invincible

guarantee t at every piece of material is brand

new, of stands grade. manufactured according

to the rules of thevarious Lumber Manufacturers

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gllflputlent; guarantee so a arrival. and entire set.

s so ion

sense he voun usr or MATERIAL row





2!!! EOWEST FREIGHT PAID ESTIMATE.

.- Modern





Fire-Proof

Steel





Building.



We furnish buildings made entirely of steel.

suitable for factories. barns, warehouses, machine

shops. foundries. storage sheds. auto garages at a

savmg of from to 50 or cent.



Sizes range from 18 t. to 60 ft. In width and 20

ft. 1.0200 feet in length.



Necessar plans and specifications of these

bulldln ree With order. These plans show ex-

act] w ere each item in the bill of material is

use in the building. each piece of steel being

numbered in the Material List and correspond-

ingly numbered on the Plans. greatly sim llfylng

the erection of the building and at a grea saving

in the cost of abor. "



Write us for description and prices.





High Grade Plumbing





Enjoy the comforts of a. City Home.

all the advantages of the modern bath

room. laundry and kitchen. Water

in abundance in ever part of

your home. No excuse or you to



6 without one of these systems.

The ex case is very smal .



We w ll loan you tools and give

you complete instructions so you

can install the system yourself.





Strictly new and as

good as anyone sells. We

ave everything needed

in plumbing material.

Our prices mean a saving

to you c 30 to 50 1'

cent. We can eas 1y

prove it if you will give use chance.

~ ‘— 90c buys our special flat

rim. cast iron. white en-

amel kitchen sinks. Price

includes strainer and coup-

lingE $5.50 buys an enamel

bat tub. filo fora cast

iron. roll rim. white enamel

bath tub. 09.50 for our

- white enamel low down tank

water closet. complete outfit





ron pipe at mill prices.





tal Steel Ceiling 0





I Our Prices save you 50

per cent. More than sev-

enty-five of the newest and

most exclusive designs. It

is fire and dust proof.‘

Easier to apolyand cheaper

' than wood. Is sanitary and

will give lifetime service.

Complete instructions fur-

nished so on can lay it

yourself. end us disgram_

~. of y on r room showing’

if. dunensmns for our . quo-

h)“ tations. ’ '





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 





 





s

s





......





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Heating and Plumbing.

. . ' A book devoted exclusively to the '

regarding all kinds of Steel Dmduced- A book of 1.000 pageS. profusely Heating and Plumbing question goes





A demonstration of What the ' ' -

Chicago House Wrecking into every detail so thoroughly re-

Co. stands for as a bargain

center. It‘s such a book as

every buyer of merchandise

must have in his or her pos-

seseuon. ,It shows what vast

lines of merchandise are so-





-garding Steam, Hot \Vater

and Hot Air Heating that

you will know exactly what

you can expectifrom the

system you select. The"





 

 

 

 

 

 





cured by us at Sherlffs'. » - - - .

eivers’ and Manufac- heatmg 931330“? ‘0: our,

turers' Sales. It oon- plants are figured~ and

tains adescription of ourvast , determined by expert >





. engineers and are absolutely

guaranteed. You run no risk.





 





Chicago House Wrecking Co. 35"! & 1'0" 518- Chicago





 





 





 





.

.kp“