'The Only Weekly Agricultural, Horticultural, and Liv





 





A





 

 





e Stock Journal in the State.





 





 





VOL. CXXXW- No. Is. E

Whole Number 3543.





DETERIORATION OF GRAINS AND

SEED SELECTION.





 





But very few of us seem to realize

the bnunng influences of habu on our-

selves: We get the habit of doing things

in a certain way, and we do them with-

out thinking whether it is the best way

to accomplish the things which we wish

to or not. It is worth the while to con-

sider, sometimes, whether the habits we

have formed are helping us to accomplish

the desired ends or not.

We have fallen into the habit of buy-

ing new varieties of grains, keeping them

until they run 'out, as we call it, or we

run them out by our bad management,

and then we look for, and secure, a new

variety, and so on indefinitely. We do

not stop to think that the variety breed-

ers are making money out of us by

breedingup new varieties of grain and

selling them to us at an enormous price,

when we might as well breed up our

own varieties, anti have something supe-

‘rior to that which we can buy from the

seed speculators.

In the first place, we overlook the well

known fact that hereditary influences are

as active with plants as with animals.

The inherent tendencies toward product-

iVeiiess follow lines of breeding with our

oats, wheat, peas, beans or barley. as

with our stock. We would laugh at a.

poultry breeder who wishes to make

money from securing the greatest num-

ber of eggs if he selected his stock of

hens by their markings of feathers, and

conformation of body, instead of select-

ing hens from a laying strain that had

been bred for several generations for

productiveness. We would also criticise

a dairyman who paid more attention to

color of the hair and beauty than capa-

bilities of milk production. By the cus-

tomary methods of preparing grain seeds

we have acted as unwisely as the fad fol-

lowing poultryman or dairyman, and have

been very persistent in our practices.

Our wise counsellors,

forefathers, have urged upon us the im-

portance of using the farming mill in

preparing our seed for sowing and plant-

ing, and we have followed along, listen-

ing to the beautiful theories of using only

the largest and best kernels of grain. The

cry has been, “Breed from the best only,

and raise the best,” a scheme that has

sounded well, and we have followed along

without looking into the matter, and giv-

ing it our close consideration.

I do not wish to be understood as de-

crying the use of the fanning mill for the

purpose of cleaning chaff, weed seeds,

and shrunken kernels, out of the seed

already selected, but I do contend that

we are making our seed selections at the

wrong time of the year, and in an im-

proper manner. We are breeding in the

wrong direction—away from instead of

toward the desirable characteristic, pro-

ductiveness.

Now let us see if we can not get at

this matter in a manner in which it can

be easily understood. WVhile shelling

peas or beans, we have noticed that in

the short pods we find the largest and

plumpest peas or beans. Those large

peas look good, but there is not the tend-

ency toward productiveness in 'a pod of

two pleas as there is with one that car—

ries six or eight. The same is true with

the heads of wheat and oats, the short'

heads carry the largest kernels. When

we use the farming mill to clean and

:‘s’é’iiéon seed the large kernels from the.

:t-shbr‘tfih‘féi“ !s are saved and sown. It is

not any "Cinder that the varieties that

are producyve at first, run out.



If, instead of using only the fanning

mill method of seed selection, we would





as well as our,





.which you can use.





DETROIT. MICH" SATURDAY, APRIL 15, 1911.





T0 WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:



Those who read this and are not now

regular subscribers of the Michigan Farmer

we refer to page 463 in this issue.





you will find an offer of the Michigan





Farmer on trial every week from the day the

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In addition a valuable





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premium is given free with each sub—





scription.





These premiums are of exceptionally

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a retail value greater

the subscription.

one of the three,





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You have your choice of

fully described and





illustrated on page 463.

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Anyone sending us four subscriptions





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additional club of 4, of course each of

the subscribers will receive their choice





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will enable all of our present subscribers





This offer





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without much work as subscriptions under

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secure 0





A FEW WORDS ABOUT THE MICHIGAN FARMER

Those who are new subscribers know





the value of the Michigan Farmer,





are not but should be will kindly look





through this issue carefully.

every department of agriculture is covered.





Notice that





Read the articles in each department and





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Our editorial page will show





and concise.

you how fearlessly and

help the farmer defend

veterinary columns are

questions asked by our

Magazine section is an





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In this issue we begin a new story





entitled,





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Beaver Islands in Lake

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‘ THE MICHIGAN FARMER.

P. S.-DON'T FAIL TO READ PAGES 458 and 463.





 





There





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32.75 FIVE YEARS.





select the peas and beans in the field,

from stalks that carry the large number

of 'pods, that have a large number of

peas and beans in the pod, we could im—

prove the productive tendencies of our

peas and beans, and the result would be

heavier crops and greater profits. The

same is true with the wheat and oats.

There is a great difference in the tend—

encies of the plants from different seeds.

Some will. only send up two or three

stalks that will carry short heads, while

others will send up several stalks, that

Will carry long heads, with a large num-

ber of kernels in each head. The varia-

tions are very apparent, and it is our

privilege to avail ourselves of the oppor-

tunity to select and breed up the differ—

ent kinds of grain we have on the farm.



The plan of seed selection suggested is

not a new one. It is one which has

been followed by some who have obtained

excellent results. The so—called “pedi-

greed seeds,” and “pedigreed plants,”

have been developed along the lines of

careful selection, and carful breeding.

\Vhile we need not expect that the meth-

ods of seed selection will be revolution—

ized in a short period of time, as most

farmers are slow to adopt new plans, it

ought to be apparent to every thoughtful

man, that selecting seed from the best

producing plants raised on the farm, and

breeding (along the line of productive-

ness, will bring much more satisfactory

results, than we are getting under pres-

ent methods.



Wayne Co. N. A. CLAPP.





SEASON NOTES.

. Alfalfa.



We may be a little slow in getting

started with alfalfa, but it is better late

than never and we are going to try some

this spring. We have mixed a little al-

falfa seed with the clover seed this spring,

and intend. to do so at each seeding so

we will get the soil somewhat inoculated.

The patch we intend to sow this spring

is rather new ground, part of it having

been broken up but a few seasons, its

crops being potatoes, strawberries, wheat

and clover. It is now a clover sod. We

expect to put the cutaway on this and

cut it up thoroughly as soon as the

ground becomes more settled, then plow

quite deeply, and harrow occasionally

during April and early May, probably

sowing about May 15, though this will dc—

pend upon weather conditions. We are

not manuring or fertilizing the field, as

I wish to keep it as free from weeds as

possible, and it was given a heavy ma-

nuring while in strawberries, and the

mulching was plowed under, so the soil is

well filled with humus. It also had a.

good coat of wood ashes so I do not think

lime will be needed. \Ve have a small

patch of sweet clover and I think we

shall scatter sell from this patch over the

field and harrow it in, and will get some

alfalfa soil if we can, and possibly try

the culture from the experiment station.

I should like to be advised by those who

are familiar with alfalfa culture if we

will make any mistake in following this

program.



Seeding Clover.



There are many opinions as to the

best time and method of seeding clover,

but I am convinced that as much depends

upon the condition of the soil as upon the

time or method. A. poor soil may give

a failure by any method, while one rich

in humus and especially one that is top-

dressed may secure a good standby any

method.



As for timothy I believe the fall is the

best time to seed as spring seeded tim-

othy does not have time to make much
434 . (2)





of a growth if there is a stand of clover.

I do not care for much timothy but think

a little in hay improves its handling qual-

ities, and prevents its lodging as badly,

then if the clover kills out there is some.

timothy to fill in. If seeding is kept two

years the second year will show consid-

erable timothy, while the clover may go

backward, but I-think a clover sod should

be plowed after the first crop to get the

most benefit from it, and should be

mowed a second year only in case of

failure of seeding. From one pint to one

quart of timothy per acre should be

enough to produce a sufficient stand.

This season we seeded our clover with

a “crank“ seeder, taking two drill widths

at a passage. This was done during the

weather when the ground was freezing

and thawing during the latter part of

March and was' well checked and cracked

up. “'e sometimes sow a little later and

harrow in with a spike-tooth, but the con-

ditions were Such that it did not appear

to need the harrowing this. year. “'6

used about four quarts of June clover,

with a sprinkling of alfalfa and on the

lower ground a quart of alsike per acre.





\Ve nave never failed to get a catch in"





this way, but it looks as if a part of our

last season’s seeding would be a failure

from the drought last summer.

Manure Hauling.

Manure hauling goes on at odd times

When it is too cold to work at pruning

and such work. \\'e have now mulchcd





about 1,800 trees. and have a heavy coat

on our strawberry ground. and have a

good start on the with ground. “'e still





have quite a quantity to haul from town,

and hope to get the corn ground pretty

well covered. “'9 use both the spreader

and the low down wagon, the former for

fine and heavy manure and‘ short hauls,

and the latter for light strawy manure

and'long hauls, as much larger loads can

be taken on our wagon box rack. In

mulching about the trees we could not

use the spreader, so the wagon or bobs

were used during most of the winter.



Calhoun Co. S. 13. }{ARTMAN.



____.__..______.

LILLIE FARMSTEAD NOTES.



It is now the first week in April and we

are simply waiting for spring, burning at

the rate of about half a ton of coal each

week to keep the house warm. The oats

ought to have been sown before this

time: that is, comparing this year with





 





last. iut the older we get the more we

find that we cannot compare one year

with another. Each year is different.





That is one of the things that the farther

has to contend with: the great variety

in conditions which he must meet so that

he cannot lni-'governe:l by any sci of

rules and must use his own good judg-

ment each year, and with each crop.



A Shortage of Hay.



\Ve are feeling the effect at Lillie

Farmstead now cf the dry summer last

year, because we have hal to buy hay

and also straw. (me good rain in the

middle of the summer last year would

have prevented all this, but it didn't

come. We had a goo-l supply of ensilage

and we have fed heavily on ensilagc all

winter long, but of course. you can't get

through entirely on ensilage. Cows must





have one feed of hay a day, anyway, and

that is about what ours have been get—

ting. \\'e have been feeding one feed





of hay and one feed of straw a day and

twu feeds of corn silage for roughage, and

the shortage of hay has really drawn

pretty heavily on our corn silage and I

don't know as we will have as much as

we ought to for summer feeding.



The Butter Market.



It is simply astonishing what a few

months will bring forth with regard to

conditions of the butter market. Now

lilgin is quoted at 221,130, a year ago it

was something like 321,5c, and, of course.

the farmer has to stand it. The city man

who thinks the farmer is getting more

out of his investment for his labor than

he should ought to change places With

him a while. and he would find out that

the farmer earns every penny he gets.

and that he has got to use pretty good

judgment on a farm in order to make

anything out of the proposition over and

above living wages.



Sowing Clover Seed.



We finished our clover seeding of 55

acres on April lst, and under what I call

ideal conditions. The ground was frozen

just enough so that a man wouldn’t

break through in tramping over it, and

there was a light covering of snow so

that he coulu see his tracks, didn’t have

to set stakes or anything of that sort,

and this is what I call just ideal condi-

tions for clover. If my memory serves





 





THE 'MicHIGAN FARMER.





me right, I never yet got a poor catch of





clover seed When we could sow it along.





the last of March or first of April and

have a light snow on the ground.





Condition of Wheat.



Seemingly wheat has gone through the

winter in very fair condition indeed, bet-

ter than I expected. 01’ course, the early

part of the winter it was covered with

snow, but all of the latter part of the

winter there has been no snow and con-

siderable freezing, but the ground has

been extremely dry and really I don't

think the heaving and thawing has taken

place to such a. great extent as it has

for many years. Not only that, but we

haven‘t had any real severe cold weather

this winter, and the wheat really looks

promising. There is only just the top

that is brown and dead, and underneath

that is a nice green tinge w..ich shows

that there is life there. All it wants is

nice warm weather and a good rain to

give it a good start.



Young Alfalfa.

The other day I examined carefully the





new seeding of alfalfa. I mean that

which I sowed last year in oats that





looked so had last fall. I really never

expected this seeding would last through

the winter, but as near as I can judge,

it is not dead. The crown seems to be

green and full of life, but one thing I did

not like when I took hold of the crown of

a plant and pulled, I pulled the plant up

by the roots and the root was two feet

long. Now the question is, has the action

of the frost broken the top roots and

injured the plant in that way? “'hy

should it put out so easily?

Red Clover Seeding.





Last year‘s seeding of common red

clover l have no fear for. I am confi-

dent that it will come through the winter

in a safe condition and everything will

be U. l\’, l have so much confidence in

the red clover plant and have experienced

so runny tllllt‘f'l'll Scusons with it that I

feel sure in saying that our catch of red

clover has saoril the winter well.



The Amount of Work A..ead.



As one now lm Ls over the amount of

work which is to be done on the farm in

the next few months, it hardly seems

possible that it could be accomplished on

time and properly done. There is an im-

mense amount of work that is staring the

farmer in the face between now and next

fall. There is a chance for the farmer

to use his head and his hands to splendid

advantage, and he must not make a great

many mistakes or he will cut down his

profits amazingly. Let us see just what

we have got to do at Lillie Farmstead

this spring. We have 30 acres of ground

to prepare and seed to oats and peas, 17

acres to put into oats alone, 47) acres to

put into corn, 10 acres for sugar beets,

five acres for potatoes, and about two

acres for pickles. If the farmer could

only figure as accurately with regard to

his time as the manufacturer who works

under cover, it would not be so much of

a task, and there wouldn't be so much

speculation about it. “'e have all of

this work to do. and yet the weather con-

ditions are something that we know

nothing about. If the weather is favor—

able it is not so much work to get these

crops in and have the work done properly

but on the other hand, if conditions are

not right and if it is a wet spring so that

we cannot put in nearly all the time on

the land, it hinders and the work drags,

and it cannot be well done, and all these

things are possibly in store for us in the

future.



lint it is a poor thing, and I realize it

more and more, to worry about such

things. \Ve have all of this work to do,

but we always have had it to do and it

has always been done, and without any

question it will be done this year. Some

years we have been able to do it better

than others. and each year we try to do

it better than we did the year before.

(me can learn from experience. and if he

prciits by experience it will assist him in

turning a good many short corners in the

future.





‘NIREWORMS ON CLAY KNOLLS.





 





I have a field which contains several

heavy clay knolls. Have planted corn

on this field for two years and both years

the wireworms have destroyed the stalks

on the clay knolls. I would like to sow

this field to oats this coming season.

Vt'ould it be advisable, and if not what

can I do to kill or destroy the wireworms?



Viayne Co. SUBSCRIBER.





Soil usually becomes infested with wire-

worms after it has been occupied by an

old timothy meadow or pasture for a con-

siderable length of time. V’Vireworms find

lodgement in the soil containing many





grass roots. They live and thrive on!

these grass'roots, and generally stay ini

.the soil until the most of these roots areK

thoroughly decayed, then they become5

extinct. Since it already has been two;

years since this field was in grass myi

judgment would be that there would notl

be enough wireworms left to do any ser-k

ious damage to the oats, at least I would:

not expect to have any trouble this year3

from wireworms on this soil that had}

been exposed and cultivated for two

years. There is very little that can be

done to wireworms. If you use sait‘

enough on the land to destroy the wire-’

worms you will also destroy the crops.l

The best way is to make the ground richl

with stable manure or fertilizer and,

stimulate the growth of the crop so that:

it will grow in spite of the wireworms. .

The best way to get rid of wiréworms

is to never allow them to get into your:

soil, and this can largely be accomplished.

by growing clover instead of timothy in a

short rotation of crops. Don't leave the

land seeded down for any considerable

length of time to timothy if you don't

want wirewm'ms.

COLON C. LILLIE.





NOT A GOOD PLAN TO PLANT POTA-

TOES AFTER POTATOES.





I have an acre of ground that I wish

to seed to alfalfa another year. It is in

a good state of fertility. It was a clover

sod with a fair coat of manure applied,

and then broken up and planted to pota-

toes. The potatoes were treated with a

prepared powder for scab before plant—-

ing, but at digging time there was about

one-eighth of the crop scabby. Now I

have given the piece a good coat of ma-

nure again, (rather coarse manure). Now

what I would like to know is, if I plant

potatoes on the same piece again and

treat them for scab. would they be more

likely to be affected with scab? I could

plant it to corn and plant potatoes on an-

other piece that had always been in pas-

ture until last spring but have no ma-

nure to put on it.



St. Joseph Co. W. YV.





For more than one reason it is not a





good plan to plant potatoes after pota-

t<.es, In the first place you ought to have





a rotation of crops. In the second place

if the bacteria which causes scab infests

the soil your potatoes will be much more;

apt to be scabby. It is practically im-

possible to raise a field of potatoes with-

out a particle of scab. Of course, we

should not plant scabby potatoes, butl

there will always be some scab, conse-E

quently we want to treat the potatoesi

either with sulphur or formaldehyde to;

destroy the Scab. Zut we never destroyi

it all. There is alwaysosome left. Iti

secuis to be practically impossible to:

destroy all the scab spores, although we?

can check its development and keep it‘v

fairly well under control. Now when

you plant a field of potatoes even though

there isn't a particle (if this bacteria in

the soil you will deposit some in the soil

with your seed potatoes and that grows

and multiplies and thrives, but if you

have carefully treated your seed there

will be only a very small percentage of“

potatoes that will be seabby. yet some of,

this scab bacteria will be left in the soil1

and if this field is planted to potatoes

again next year there will be a greater

loss from swabby potatoes. If you could

select a soil without a particle of scab

bacteria in it and you could select seed

potatoes without a particle of Scab bac-





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tei'ia then you might hope to grow pota-

toes without any scabs. but it is impos-l

sible and certainly impracticable to do‘

anything of this sort and the best that‘

we can do is to use the information!

which we have to keep scab in subjection.

Consequently it would be better to sow

the field that you had in potatoes last‘

year to oats this year and plant your 1,0_,

tutocs on the other field.





 





But you say you haven't manure tO‘

cover the other field. liven if you hadl

stable manure it Would not be the besti

practice to put it on now. If you are}

going to use stable manure on potato}

ground it ought to be put on the fall be-

fore or at least some time during the

winter. lt ought not to be put on in the

spring. It is apt to do more harm than

good if it is put on late. None of us

have enough stable manure to go around

and the only question is, shall we stop

feeding our crops when we run out of

stable manure or shall we buy commer-

cial fertilizer? I Should say this would

be a case where it would be absolutelv

proper to invest some money in commer-

cial fertilizer, and I would buy a good

brand of potato fertilizer and use from

500 to 1,000 lbs. per acre, and if it is

properly put on it will prove a good in-

vestment.



COLON C. LILLIE.





 





 

   





 

 





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APRIL 15, 1911.





"WAN-rs TO BE. ssoweo.





 





More About Fertilizer for Beans.





I want to thank you for the pains you

tool: to answer my bean fertilizer ques-

tions in March 25th issue, even if you

did roast me some around the edges. I’m

going to ask you to bear with me a little

further in this matter, even though I ir-

ritate you somewhat. You may lambaste

me all you please if you will only “show

me for sure” and clear up some items

that are very foggy.



I’m just a common fool-farmer, Mr.

Editor, like the vast majority of farmers

in Michigan who have not had the ad-

vantage of a scientific agricultural edu-

cation and who are striving to get down

to the hard facts on which rest the basic

principles of soil conservation. I’ve read

everything I could find. on the fertilizer

question during the past two years and,





as the Dutchman said, the more I learn





the less I know about it. Fertilizer lit-

erature is surely a badly mixed up mess

of contradictory statements of Tom, Dick

and Harry. One authority ‘says one thing

and another the exact opposite. Tom

says there’s enough potash in the top six

inches of soil to grow crops forever; Dick

says it’s there but~ not in available form,

and Harry denies (its existence and in-

sists on applications of comemrcial pot-

ash. Dick says commercial nitrogen has

never been used with profit on any field

crop;' Harry grows eloquent discussing

profits produced by its use, and TOm

takes the agnostic‘s position—don’t know.

Corner any of them and they tell me

just as you do, e. g., “Experiment a lit-

tle, Mr. Crum, and learn as others have

learned.”



When I found that 297 actual experi-

ments with fertilizers had been made

and properly check-platted, on bean soils,

92 of them right here in Michigan, I

thought at last I was getting my felt-

boots pretty well down on bed-rock facts.





I was just fool enough yet to think those.





experiments meant something and were

entitled to considerable consideration

when compared with the bare say-so of

T., D. or H. It seemed pretty plain to

me that two pounds increase in yield 'of

beans per acre at a cost of $4.80 for com-

mercial fertilizer might be a paying deal

for the manufacturer of the dope, or the

printer who advertised it, but a losing

game for the farmer.



But you brush aside all this evidence

as of little or no weight or value, saying:



”Mr. Crum cites a large number of ex-

periments to show that the heavy appli-

cation of fertilizers to beans was unprof-

itable in Michigan. But it does not follow

as a logical conclusion that a light appli-

cation such as advised would be unprofit-

able."



You advise me to expend $2.50 to $5

per acre for 2:8:2 fertilizer and tell me

to “experiment a little.” Do you give me

any assurance of an increase in yield

sufficient to cover this outlay? You say:





“Light dressing of fertilizer on beans

has been found to give profitable results

as many growers can testify by personal

experience, as Mr. Cook has done."





Now, Mr. Editor, right here’s where

our trouble begins. If all the growers

agreed with Mr. Cook there would be

nothing further to say. But you know

they don’t. You know there are many

other growers, equally intelligent, equally

reliable, who testify as vigorously that

the profit is out of pocket, and who assert

that Mr. Cook gives the fertilizer credit

for the extra labor he expends on his

seed bed and the extra cane he gives his

crop. I can give you names of many men

who think they have learned the same

lesson taught by the 297 experiments cit-

ed. True, I find men like Mr. Cook, so

positive regarding fertilizer virtues that

they almost make you believe the stuff

possesses miraculous power to increase

bean yields for them. In, like manner

we meet those who praise the worst fake

concoctions of the worst patent medicine

faker, and who give him credit for cur-

ing all manner of ailments. Just so we

find those who praise the wisdom of the

doctor who saved their lives—not know-

ing that he prescribed nothing but sugar-

coated bread pills.



But you will say this is not in point.

Such people were not sick to begin with.

\Vell, was Mr. Cook’s soil sick to begin

with? If so, was it the homeopathic

dose of 2:8:2 that cured it, or the subsoil

tonic he gave it, or the massaging of the

land roller, or the turkish baths of the

spring-tooth harrow? Are We real sure

Mr. Cook is not in the class with the old

woman who was cured by bread pills?



Please understand my position. If we

are to ignore the results of the work of

our experiment stations; if these 297 tests

may be swept aside as being of no weight,





 





  THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





no value, no guide; then it seems to me

it is up to you to substantiate your posi-

tion with equally unimpeachable evidence.

How many experiments with 2:8:2 prop—

erty check—platted can you cite producing

a net profit to the grower? If this form-

ula gives a profit there should be unques-

tioned evidence of the fact aside from the'

say-so or guess of any man or publisher.

If such evidence does not exist then

what’s the matter with trying to wake

up our experiment station and organize

a campaign for 500 or 1,000 experiments

throughout the bean growing counties

for the next few years until we shall have

secured specific data of sufficient quan-

tity to base a judgment upon, so that a

farmer may know with reasonable cer-

tainty, (weather conditions excepted),

what to expect from his investment in

fertilizer?



If these stations have not been prac-

tical in the past, it might be necessary

to find some way to pull the experiment-

ers down to the earth and fasten them

there while this work was going on.



My purpose in writing the above, Mr.

Editor, is not to insinuate that you are

wrong but to try to discover as far as

possible just what we know for sure and

certain about this mater and to get you

to show me and thousands of other farm-

ers who are hesitating at the forks of

the road and undecided as to following

you and Cook, who say it pays, or the

other fellows who say it don’t.



Montcalm Co. C. W. CRUM.



The true student is ever searching for

the truth. Mr. Crum shows himself to

be a true student of agriculture by his

very pertinent inquiry, “does it pay?” If

every farmer would ask himself this

question with regard to his own practices

or the methods which are recommended

to him by others and search for the truth

as diligently we would be much nearer

the agricultural millennium. It is evident

that Mr. Crum is approaching this ques-

tion with an open mind, since he admits

that “the more he has learned the less

he knows about it.” “'e believe this to

be a common experience in all research

work. The writer was once greatly im-

pressed by hearing a prominent agricul—

tural investigator say, when being pressed

for a positive opinion on a much dis-

cussed subject, “it is better not to know

too much than to know too much that

isn’t so.” In this sense there was more

behind the advice given Mr. Crum to

“experiment a little for himself” than

the implied roasting which he takes so

good naturedly. The question which he

is attempting to solve is a complex one,

since so many factors enter into its cor—

rect solution. Mr. Crum has recognized

that fact by likening the case of a soil

which may need supplementary fertiliza-

tion to the person who is ill from a real

or fancied ailment and by the aid of a

stimulated mind may be cured by the

administration of bread pills, the extra

care given the soil and crop by those who

have used fertilizer with success, repre-

senting the mind cure in this case. In

this connection he makes the pertinent

inquiry as to whether Mr. Cook’s soil was

really sick. This inquiry is perhaps more

pertinent than Mr. Crum realized, since

if Mr. Cook’s soil had been “sick” he

could hardly have gotten profitable results

from the use of fertilizer. Fertilizer is

not a medicine——it is a food.



To. illustrate this point let us compare

the soil to a calf, and the crop grown to

the growth the calf may make under

varying conditions of feed and care. If

two calves of like breeding are fed on

skim-milk, which in one case is supple-

mented with a grain ration calculated to

supply the deficiency of fat caused by the

removal of- the butter-fat from the milk





and in the other case is not, the calf





which is fed the well balanced ration will

make much the better growth, other con-

ditions being equal. But the other calf is

not necessarily sick. He is simply poorly

nourished, and the lack of proper nour-

ishment is shown in his lack of growth

and thrift. But if, on the other hand, the

calf that was given the better ration had

been sick, the results would have been

different and, notwithstanding the better

care and feed a correspondingly better

growth would not have been secured. The

same is true of soils. If a soil is in good

mechanical condition, with a fairly plenti-

ful supply of the essential plant foods,

but lacking in their proper balance, then

supplementary fertilization will pay, just

as it pays to supplement the skim-milk

with some feed which is high in its con-

tent of fat in the ration for the healthy

calf. But if the soil is in a‘ poor mechan-

ical 'condition from a. depletion of its

humus or the absence of beneficial soil





. on this subject.





bacteria which give it life and aid in the

making available of its inert plant food,

if it is in an acid condition which is un-

favorable for the growth of the crop

planted on it, if the cultural methods used

are not well Suited to the proper develop-

ment of the crop or if the weather con-

ditions are especially unfavorable, then

beneficial results will not be at all certain

from supplementary fertilization, just as

good results would not follow the proper

feeding of a sick calf.



But Mr. Crum will say this is more

theorizing. \Vhat he wants is facts. He

has not found them in the conflicting tes-

timony which he mentions, yet he admits

that some of the most successful farm-

ers, including bean growers, are enthusi-

astic in their belief in the use of fertil-

izers, while others, and we venture the

presumption that they are among the

less successful, are just as certain that

it does not pay to use them. Unfortu—

nately we can do no more than to cite

similar cases, for the very obvious reason

that the average farmer who experiments

along this line is most interested in his

own problems, and does not preserve and

publish the data upon which he bases his

belief in the use of fertilizers for the

benefit of others. Mr. Crum’s suggestion

that there is room for more extensive ex-

perimental work by our experiment sta-

tion looking toward the solution of this

problem is also a good one, for we have

far too little accurate experimental data

Yet soils vary so greatly

in their physical condition and seasons

are so different that far more conclusive

evidence can be gotten from our own

soils, hence the wisdom of piitting the

question “does it pay” right up to our

own soils for a correct answer in our in-

dividual case by “experimenting a little”

as Mr. Crum was advised to do in a pre-

vious issue. ‘Nor should we neglect to

make all other conditions as favorable as

possible for the crop grown if we are to

make an experiment of this kind of the

greatest possible value to us, for the

more favorable the other conditions the

more conclusive, and we believe as well

the more satisfactory, the results of the

experiment will be.



In this connection a word regarding the

plant foods used in the experiments made

will be pertinent. In this discussion a

2:8:2 formula has been repeatedly men-





 





tioned, not because it is necessarily the

best formula, because we do not know

what the best formula would be on any

given soil. This is a matter for indi-

vidual experimentation, and has an im-

portant bearing on the question, ”does

it pay?" \Ve trust that Mr. Crum will

continue his inquiries along this and oth-

er lines, and that when he reaches the

positive yet elusive conclusions for which

he is so diligently searching, he will not

hide his light under a bushel, but let it

shine for the benefit of his brother “fool

farmers," including The Editors.





HOW TO FERTILIZE BEANS.





 





I grow beans as a cash crop and that is

my hobby. I have fertilized beans for

eight years, and what 1 know I have,

learned by hardhcaded experience, and Ii

have learned there are only two ways to:

use fertilizer on beans. Either sow 200

pounds per acre on each side of bean'

row, that is, to use a fertilizer grain drill‘

(11 hoe) and let six tubes run with fer-1

tilizer and get 200 pounds per acre. Don’t?

let the fertilizer run in with the beans,

as there is too much danger of burning

the beans as they are very meaty and

tender. Or, sow 300 pounds of fertilizer

broadcast and harrow it in and then plant

or drill the seed.



Now I am going to sow 50 acres of

beans this spring. Some of the ground

is very poor, and on the poorest I will

sow 300 pounds of fertilizer broadcast.

That is, I will sow it with drill and work

ground in good shape, and then when I

sow my beans will sow 200 pounds more

on each side of beans, that making 500

pounds per acre on poorest ground, and

on good ground 200 pounds.



I have used a good many brands of fer-

tilizer and different kinds ant. analyses,

and all my tests show that 3:8:6 analysis

beats them all, while 2:8:5 is the next

best. Some authorities claim that you

don’t need any ammonia for beans. Now,

whether they have experienced that or

whether it is a theory, is a question. My

experience in growing beans is to have

a fertilizer with a good percentage of

ammonia, phosphoric acid and potash, 9,].

though I am told that in some localities

farmers get the best results from using

complete fertilizers analyzing 21/2:8:11,é or

329:2. My experience has been, don't sow

fertilizer with beans, for the risk is too





 





 





(3) 435





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WHEN writing to ndvertisen Just any “Saw

your ad. in the Michixon Farmer."
436' (4)





great and you can’t feed them enough

that way.



I wish to say that last season on a soil

that wouldn‘t grow ten bushels of beans

per acre, by using 500 pounds of fertilizer

(300 pounds broadt‘rasted and 200 pounds

on each side of the rows), I grew 28

bushels per acre. Let me say to you,

don’t be satisfied with 10 or 11 bushels

per acre. If your soil isn‘t too heavy, it

you get it rich enough, you can grow 30

to 40 bushels per acre. I am speaking

about pea beans, for they are the kind

to grow. Sow from three peeks to one

bushel per acre, according to size of

beans. Where they have been grown on

strong land beans will be a little larger,

so will need more seed.



Sanilac Co. J. H. LINCK.





THE AUTO ON THE FARM.





 





I am sending you my experience with

the auto on the farm. I have owned a

number of horses, not many of them

without some fault, either in driving or

tworking. A good work horse can not be

depended on for a road horse, nor is a

good driver much account for working on

a farm. Most'of the good drivers are too

nervous, and fret when put to hard work.





 





 





In the spring of 1909 I sold every horse

I had that was fitted for driving, and

when I wanted to buy one I found the

price was too high, and I finally bought

a. second-hand auto. It was a runabout.

The tires were worn and they made me

trouble. The machine was worn and

that gave me more trouble. I ran this

machine during the season of 1909 and in

the spring of 1910 I sold it, the experi-

ence I had making me think that if I

ever bought another auto it would be a

new one.



When the roads began to get good again

I began to get the fever for another auto.

I drove a work horse for a time, but that

was too slow. I then bought a driver,

but did not like it and sold it again after

a couple of weeks. I found that a horse

that suited me was hard to find and that

the price ran from $200 to $250, so I gave

it up. A little later I bought an automo-

bile of they runabout. type and rode home

in it from the factory_ in less than two

hours without a stop. There were no wet

hairs on this horse when we arrived

home. It stood without a tie strap and

did not need a feed of oats or a pail of

water, yet we had made 30 miles in less

than two hours. This machine has been

run ever since without a stop for adjust-

ment to exceed five" minutes; never had

a flat tire; never refused to go up the

steepest hill or through the deepest mud

without a stop. My expense for main-





taining this machine has been small.

Outside of gasoline and cylinder oil, the

total cost has been $1.30 for batteries.

One thing I like about the automobile

is that it has never refused to go where

I wanted it to go. I have had some

horses that wanted their own way, but

not so with the automobile. One don't





have to carry a whip to make it pass an-

other rig or another machine. All that

is required is to keep a level head to

avoid accidents. which cannot always be

prevented with horses. Then when not

in use it does not lower the oat bin or

need to be cart-d for night and morning.

Just keep some good cylinder oil in the

oiler. keep the dope cups filled with

grensc and don‘t forget the gasoline, and

it is ready for service at any time. A

horse may stop breathing, and all you

have left is the hide; but if the auto stops

breathing there is a remedy, and it eats

only when in use.

Macomb (50. J. L.





FARM EXPORTS FALLING OFF.





 





 





According to figures recently prepared

by the Bureau of Statistics, there was

considerable decrease in the value of our

farm t-xptn‘ls during the eight months of

the present fiscal year. as compared with

the similar eight—month period of last

fiscal year. Of bretttlstnffs, corn, wheat,

oats, etc, $761010” north was exported

in the last eight months, against 5595372,-

304 worth in similar eight liltinthg of last

year. $76,182,732 worth of nit-at and dairy

products were exported this year, against

$76,892.250 last year. While in cattle, hogs

and sheer). we exported only $7,014,738

worth against $10,492,197 in the eight

months of last year ending with Feb—

ruary.





 





Pick up loose nails, pull them, or bend

them over if they are round in boards.

Keep the garden rake and scythe where

they cannot be knocked down, and the

children or the horses or other stock in—

jured by them.





 





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





APRIL 15, 1911.





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25% More Mileage—No Extra Cost





 





If you buy tires for an automobile, let us explain how to cut

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No Rim-Cutting

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The No-Rim-Cut Tire



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Ordinary Clincher Tire





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How We Avoid It





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When this tire is inflated the

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That’s why the hooks are un-

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(90)





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MANAGEMENT OF THE FARM WORK

HORSES. .



It requires the mind of a master farmer

to provide steady, profitable work for his

farm horses, even through the busy sea-

son. Successful crop growing depends

largely upon the correct .management of

work horses. They furnish the great

productive force which enables us to

circumvent nature and coax abundant

crops from reluctant soils.



To secure the best results from both

men and horses the whole farm must be

managed on a far-seeing plan. Horses

should have steady, profitable work every

day when the weather is favorable. There

is no excuse for work horses to stand

idle on a week-day. Horses need even,

steady work to maintain their health.

More horses die from azotura following

a few days of absolute idleness than from

steady work. Unfavorable weather will

cause some loss of time, but there are

always odd bits of work apart from crops,

that can be done as well a few days

ahead of time as when they demand our

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expense if plans are made to do every-

thing possible a few days or weeks ahead

of time instead of a few days behind time

as is usually the case during the busy

season. When this policy is enforced

there is less temptation to overcrowd

the horses beyond their strength to make

up for the lost time. Every day horses

are crowded beyond their strength is





' THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





the wind and weather is cruel, but spring

clipping after the weather has become

settled is very beneficial, especially if

the hair is long and thick. It makes the

horses far more comfortable, and it is

much easier to keep them clean, which

is a very important item to a man during

the rush of spring work when his time

is limited. Horses that are clipped

should be kept moving and blanketed

every time they are left standing, or tak-

en out to work during stormy days.



On many farms more horses are kept

than are used for work during the win—

ter, and consequently they get but little

grooming during the time they are in the

stable. Their coats become very thick

and long, when put to work they sweat

profusely, and it is difficult to keep them

dry and clean. Such horses had best be

clipped. It will require less feed to keep

them in condition, and they will be much

easier to keep clean. “'e all know how

disagreeable it would be for us to do a

hard spring’s work with our winter

clothes on. The work horse with his

heavy coat is in precisely the same con—

dition. It is a loss of time, money and

horse flesh to have drivers stopping to

rest over heated teams during the rush

of the spring work. The removal of dirt





and the stimulation of the skin goes far;

toward preventing harness sores. Next,





to snug, perfect-fitting collars and well-

adjusted harness, spring clipping is most

essential.



'The farm teams should be evenly

matched as to size, strength and dispo-

sition, for it must be borne in mind that

the two, three or four-horse team is no

stronger than its weakest member. Much

of the horsepower on many farms is

wasted through the driver's not adjust-





 





Ingomar 30047, a Percheron Stallion of

lngham





dearly paid for in loss of condition and

broken spirits, ifnot in actual sickness.

A pair of well matched draft mares is

the most profitable farm team. They will

perform almost a full season’s work and

raise as good a pair of colts as mares

that are supported in idleness the year

around. Except in a few instances draft

horse breeding has never been found

profitable when large numbers of mares

have been kept exclusively for breeding

purposes. The man who plans his work

thoughtfully can perform a good season’s

work on the farm with a team of brood

mares and secure this double income.

Good feeding is an integral part of suc-

cess in the economical management of

farm work horses. It is the healthy, well

fed team that exhibits the greatest effi-

ciency and endurance in the collar. To

be well-fed the horses should not be

stuffed on heavy grain feeds for a few

days and then confined to hay alone as

the activities of the farm are partially

completed. It is regular, even feeding

that makes strong muscles and furnishes

energy on which to perform hard work.

Sound, wholesome grain and sweet, well-

cured hay supply the horses with suitable

material for developing energy and pow-

er. Avoid sudden changes in the kinds

of food and the times of feeding. Early

pasture is detrimental to the general

health and thrift of horses that are be—

ing worked hard on the farm. Hay is

better, except for an occasional variety,

which may be supplied by mowing an

armful of grass and feeding it to them in

the stable, but this should not be prac-

ticed until after grass has become hard-

ened by the midsummer sun. '

Clipping work horses during the winter

and allowing them to stand exposed to





 





Useful Type, Owned by M. A. Bray, of

County.





ing the hitch to accommodate the several

horses. If one horse is able to do more

work than one of his mates, make him

do it. The whiffletrees can be adjusted

to divide the load, and economy demands

that each of the team do a full day's

work according to his strength. How—

ever, the ease with which this can be

done is no reasonable excuse for keeping

a miscellaneous bunch of farm work

horses. It is hard to overestimate the

stimulus given to the business of the

farm by well-matched teams. Good men

are attracted to the farm where the work

is done with high-class farm horses.

Good, strong harness and durable im-

plements increase the efficiency of the

work horse. The horse that has a well-

iitted and properly adjusted harness can

do more and better work than one that

is compelled to wear a poorly-fitted, di—

lapidated harness to annoy and irritate

him every step he takes while at work.

Strong and durable implements reduce

breakage to a minimum and avoid delays

required to make repairs during the busy

season. Fly nets are necessary during

the summer if the horses hold their flesh

and the drivers their temper. They are

not an expensive luxury and will last a

long time if well—cared for. Large imple-

ments save the time of men and horses

There are many times when one man can

handle three or four horses to profitable

advantage and leave an extra hand.to do

the work that requires a man alone. With

several horses under one man’s control,

there is more opportunity to keep up with

the other ,branches of farm activities

without allowing the work horses to stand!

idle in the barn. The cost of suitable

farm horses and furnishing them with

adequate food makes it imperative that





 





   

 

 





 





   

   

 

 





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Expanding

W Lever





 





5‘,‘ —"*r .-





 





Cultivate: T w 0

Rows at the

Same Time.





Complete with

Three- Horse

Hitch and





Fenders.





The David Bradley Tu-Ro Cultivator

([The only successful two—row cultivator made. Built to withstand the





severest strain and hardest usage. Saves horse flesh, time and labor. ‘One

man or boy and three horses do the work of two single row machines.





([Thc Tu-Ro embodies the famous David Bradley patented pivot axle

seat bar dodging principle. The instantaneous dodge saves almost

every out of line hill, often paying for the tool in one season. Operator

has a clear View of both rows at all times, with both hands free to drive.





Pivot Axles and Seat Bar Doduin Lever; Short Hitch and Direct Draft: easy on

easiest, quickest, widest dodge. ( perator horses. Draft helps to lift gangs, also

shifts gangs to right or left by light pres- keeps shovels in ground.

surewith either foot and swaying his body .

in pivoted sent, without changing gait or Wheels. 42 inches high, wide tires, stag-

dn-cction of team. The only two-row culti- gel-ed spokes. Bearings dustproof and.

\‘ator suitable for hillside work. oiltight.





The Bradley Expanding Lever regulates ~ . _

distance hrtwecn gangs for rows of varying pifgggfkoggigg Sigheqfiiflgiilrlilgghgtgggllgr

zvllixdlil‘i.no?othing 11kt It on any other blade, all interchangeable. (me or more



‘ ' _ styles can be used on the same cultivator.



Depth Regulation Lever for each gang .

and Combined Gang Raising and Balancing Materials. only the best of steel and

Levertlmt'lifts allgaugs at end of row with- malleable iron throughout; money can't.

make it better.





 





out disturbing their depth adjustment.





What Tu-Ro Users Say.



R. F. D. No. 4, Box 82, Blissfield, Mich. R. F. D. No. 4,130.: 4}, Marion, Iowa.



Sears, Roebuck and (‘0., Chicago. Ill. Sears, Roebuck and (‘o., Chicago, _Ill. _

Gentlemen :——I want to say that the David Gentlemen :—I mnwell pleased With my ”David

Bradley ’l‘u-Ro Cultivator I bought of you is the Bradley Tu-Ro Cultivator. 1 have plowed corn

best but 111) and most satisfactory cultivator crossways, used it in sod, cornstalks, and tor

ever owned. No more single row cultivators for fall plowing. I can guide it \Vltirone foot and

me. I hitched three horses to the Tu-Ro, one dodge every CI‘OOkl'll hill. A neighbor saw it

an unbroken cult, and started in to work. My work and said: "That suits me," and then \rrnt





 





 





boy had its operation learned in no time, and oxcr to another man plowing with a single row

the work he did with the machine was an eye and told him Iwas doing better \Vul‘k- l plow-d

opener to my neighbors. At least twenty-five 8 acres the first. half day, the first lililt’ owi-

farmers have been over to see my Tu—Ro work audit did not cover up any more than a single

and I think nearly every one of them will get. row. I also like .it because it is close to the

one, too. If anyone wants to know how good a. ground and I can always see both rows. 1

machine your Tu-Ro is, tell them to write to 1110. am advising all my neighbors to get a 'l‘u-l‘to.

Yours truly, A. J. SELL. Yours truly, LEWIS Wills.





 





 





([Our big General Catalog shows pictures, complete description and prices

of the Tu-Ro Cultivator, also David Bradley plows, barrows, planters,

single row cultivators, manure Spreaders, etc., the farm tools backed

by eighty years of knowing how. If you have not a copy, scnd today

for our Book of David Bradley Farm Implements.





. We can always supply promptly any repair part for any Bradley

implement, no matter when or where bought.





SEARS. ROEBUC

-~ ~ 32:22.: HERCULES an;





All Steel—400% Stronger—Guaranteed 3 yrs.

30 DAYS’ FREE TRIAL





_ ) _ Send for our Hercules stump puller and pull your stumps



4 , j will for-'30 days at. our expense. Then if you are not. more than



‘ ' ._ (f/ / , .» (I . 1.. iv. satistledsendltlmck. The Hercules is400"5 stronger than



, ’ i / ' .. -_,' any other puller; it is the only one goot ,. enough toab-



soiutcly guarantee for-3 years—the only -9 o n e w i t h



Double Safety Ratchets—the only one with all bearings and work- 9



nu.r parts turned and machines to reduce friction and in- F-

CI‘L‘HM? [ltHVCI'.



it is the only one with triple power attachments—



, .. capableot' doim: the work of two ordinary pullers—





AND CO. ________l

CHICAGO





 





 





 





 

 

     





 





l





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





'I‘Tl

.u,





   





 





 





 





 





a; pulling the heaviest stumps or trees with ease.

1:- ~ Special Low Price To First Buyers

'~ H: - . - 3;, Write today for our big free book and special .3.



1 , ,1 .: ‘ introductory oil'er to first buyers in each commun-

,.,_~,rr ’ \ l x "- ity. It willpuy you to do it. now. Address

R14." I ‘.‘

.5; 7‘ 4: . 0W.“ HERCULES MANUFACTURING CO. , _

. ' lg. ' ~ '- ’* 137-1701 Street, Centerville, Iowa . 7?





 





 





HORSE





Ask your dealer tor the label.

Made and Warranted by





ARMSTRONG & GRAHAM





WHOLESALEEEPI- DETROIT- W





Prairie Stock Farm





OUR LAST IMPORTATION OF





Percheron Stallions and Mares





\Ve cordially invite everybody to come and visit our

stables and learn our method of doing business. We can sell

.you a first-class stallion or mare for less money than any

importer in America. Terms to suit purchasers.



Niles is ninety miles from Chicago on the Michigan Central.





E. METZ HORSE IMPURTING 00., Niles, Mich.
\





 





 





   

 

 

 

 





Increase

In Calves





A few years ago calves sold for about

$5.00 a piece, now they are worth all

the way from $i5 to 3:9 each.‘ Get your

share of this calf money by raismg sturdy,

vigorous calves. You can do it by the use of





Animal Regulator





It should be given to the cows before and after calving.

This Will not only keep the cow in prune condition, but

also insure strong. healthy caivcs. ' Scours and other

(lismsi-s can be prevented by ‘mnung Pram ~Animal

Reguliior in the milk or other teed given the Lillf. It

keeps horses, cows and hogs healthy—and healthy

aniumls are mom-y-makcrs. . . ‘



l’rints Animal Regulator pays for lISle‘ln feed econ~

omy—lcss is required becausc every ounce IS thoroughly

ilSSllllllJl’Cll and digesti-il. Try l’ratts Annual Regulator

on your stock this Spring, at our risk.



- Guaranteed or Money Back

If you are not morc than satiuicd with the results, your

dealer will refund all you spend.



Let Pratt: A m'mal Regulztor woke money

for you t]: is season. 25 11’. fizz/x :13. 50—12150

rind/Yer sizes and 100 1!). bags. 0:! It [0:111 y.





I Pratfs Healing Ointment cures galls. I





Send for our free stock book. “,"I'hinu You

Ought to Know.





PM" FOOD C0” Dept. 2R Philadelphia, Pa.





 





 





Train Your Colt





in 8 Hours—Break Your

Horse of Any Bad Habits





by my simple method. I can teach you to break

any coil: in 8 hours thru my wonderful mail sys—

tem, or break your horse

of any bad habits. such as

bulking, kicking, shying,

being afraid of automo-

biles: in fact. any habit can be

cured by my method.



Instructions complete and simple;

mastered in a short time with little





$1 330 to $3,000 a Year





At Home or Traveling _



Several of my pupils are making big money

giving exhibitions in different Cities. Others

train horses at home. making $15 to $25 a head.

You can do the same. . .



I huvo graduate pupils in every walk in life-

Farmers. Professional Horse Trainers. Horse

Breeders. Riding Masters. Teamsters, etc.



have two courses—one. “How to Train n Colt to

Drive, and Break Horses of Bud Hnlnta"—the other,

“How to Ride and Train the Saddle Horse; Different

Guits and Fancy Steps.”



Let. me send you my Free Book on horses. and the

opportunities open to you. Write today. now. while

you think of it, for Free it. Also tell me about

your horse. (10





Prof. Jesse Beer-y. Box 42. Pleasant Hill. Ohio





NEWTON’S HEAVE





°££3in3l€£§i13§R C U R E





 





 

 

 





 





   

 

 

   





 

 





L'Z!



m



N The Standard Veterinary Remedy. 3



m 81 years sale. Send for .



D booklet. 8



0 2



“ 2



l: ‘ :1



5’ . 4 3



\I».‘ .- I'll



. ~ “(pag‘s . ‘ . . W

gonad-i» ' “Emu \ \__ \_





 





' ‘s V ‘

‘ infill) Makes the horse sound, stay sound





DEATH TO HEAVES





The lirst or second $1.00 can cures lleaves. The third

can is guaranteed to cure or money relunded.

$1.00 per can at dealers, or express prepaid.





THE NEWTON REMEDY C0" Toledo. Ohio





‘





Will reduce inflamed. strained,

swollen Tendons, Ligaments,

Muscles or B see, Cure the

Lameness and stop aln from a.

Splint. Side Bone or one Bpavin.

No blister, no hair one. Horse can'be

used. 82 a bottle ellverod. .Describe

«on “ur- our case for special instructions and

ook 2 E free.



ABSORBINE, JR. the liniment for mankind.

Reduces strained, torn ligaments enlarged glands.

veins or muscles—heals ulcem— lays pain. Price

$1.00 a bottle at. dealers or delivered.





W.F.YOUNG. P.D.F..26810mn|e St" Springfield. lass.





» ' Death in nu: Stomach

_- Worms Guaranteed.





We will send you 100 lbs. of DR.

IIOIiIiANll'H MEDICATED STOCK

l BAL'I‘ on lill days’ trial, freight

prepaid. If you derive no bene-

fit, it Costs you nothing; if you

do it costs you $5.00. (live in

your order at Once.



The HOLLAND STOCK REMEDY

COMPANY, Wellington, Ohio.





ALE CO.

J?





 





 





 





 





 

 

   





 





 





   

 





 





plT AND 1.4;;51- CHICAGO'SC ’ 3

piTLEssliilg- .oz‘i'j’zgilfs‘f‘dfi. gin/D.





SCALE/5'35] ”VCHICAGOJLL.





V \\“’A[:

Q





élllllllllll 7/

K 7

\‘fl% “(Admin t. l E i"





noble and Dormant Bales. Intel.

Machines, Engines and Trucks.





 

 





     





 





     





Family. Po

Sewing





icomplish more farm





 





. THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





they have steady, profitable work. every

day when the weather is favorable.



It is the steady, every—day work that

counts, and not'the spasmodic efforts to

do two days’ work in one and pushing

the teams beyond their strength. A well

defined system of crop growing distrib-

utes the labor of the teams so regularly

over the season as to greatly economize

the horsepower required at any one time.

By planning fall plowing, hauling manure

during the winter, crop marketing, wood

hauling, etc., various activities may be

kept up until the spring work comes

around again and the horses will be in

better conditionlto begin their work than

they would be if allowed to stand idle

during the fall and winter. On many

farms two teams could be made to ac-

work by careful

management than three teams now do

with blundei‘iug management.



New York. VV_ MILTON KELLY.





 





FEEDERS’ PROBLEMS.





 





Supplementary Feed for the Sheep.



This is a topic upon which a great deal

has been written, but it is a most im-

portant topic for every farmer who owns

sheep to consider at this time, since any

plans looking toward the provision of

supplementary feed for the flock during

the coming season must be made at once.

There is every prospect that the pros-cut

season will be one of general shortage of

giuiil pasture, owing to the unusually dry

sczisou last year, which caused the fail-

ure of thc clover seeding in many cases





gunvl the too close grazing of pastures and





iiilellllOlVS during the fall.





This condition





:of affairs makes it all the more essential





l





l





ihut some provision should be made for

supple-moutai'y feed for the sheep during

the summer season, when the grass pas-

li‘ues zii'c unproductive.



One of the most widely known supple-

I’llt—‘lilill‘V feuds for the sheep is dwarf

l‘isscx rap-u This may be used in a va—

riety of ways, Slu'll as with the oats to be

pastui'ed after harvest; as a nurse crop

with which to seed to clover, the rape

to be IldSllll'Qll off in midsummer when

the pasture is most needed; as a. catch

crop after the hay or grain is cut, or as

a catch crop to be sown in the corn at

the last cultivation to be utilized for late

fall pasture. it is a profitable forage

crop to grow in any way which seems

best tilted to the local conditions which

must be met upon any farm, and is well

worthy of a trial by every sheep owner.

While rape is sometimes the cause of

hovcn 0r bloat, when pastured in an in-

judicious manner, there will be little

trouble of this kind if intelligently man-

ugcd. The sheep should be first turned

on it in the middle of a warm day, when

they have been well filled on other feed.

and removed after a short time. This

should be repeated for a few days, when

they may be safely left in the field. It is

better, however, to give them access to

a grass pasture at the time they are run—

ning on rape if this is practicable, since

there will be less danger and trouble

from scouring, which will be the result

with some individuals where rape makes

up the entire diet. However, it is a

noticeable fact that where a sheep farmer

has once tried rape as a supplementary

forage crop for summer feeding, he gen-

erally continues to grow it each season,

in amounts suited to his probable need

of a supplcmentary forage for the ilock.





In England turnips are extensiver

grown for the same purpose, and some

of the prominent sheep breeders of Cali<

uda are now using turnips extensively

for this purpose, claiming them to be

superior to rape for several reasons. One

of these reasons is that there is less

trouble with scouring where sheep are

pastured exclusively upon turnips than

where rape is the sole green feed. Then,

under favorable weather conditions, tur-

nips will make a crop of roots where they

are not fed off too closely, and thcwc

roots come in handy for late forage, :is

the sheep will make good use of thcm

for this purpose. The writer talked with

one prominent Canadian breeder who

exhibited at the lust slate fair who was;

enthusiastic in his praise of turnips us

a supplen'icniary foi'agc crop for the cwcs.

and knows of one Michigan breeder who

tried them successfully last year and

who will plant a larger area for this pur-

pose the coming season. There seems to

be no doubt that it would be a paying

proposition for more sheep farmers to try

out the merits of this common root crop

for supplementary Sheep forage, both

sown alone and in the corn at the last

cultivation as a catch crop.





 





There are also other crops which merit





a trial at our hands for this purpose.

such as soy beans or the smaller varie-

ties of cow peas, which may be grown as

a, crop to be plowed down for the im-

provement of worn soils and at the same

time provide excellent forage for the

sheep at a time of the year when it will

prove a very welcome resource for the

flock owner.



Then last, but not least, we would men-

tion the common Canadian field pea,

which is utilized so successfully for fat-

tening lambs in Colorado. If an area of

peas or peas and oats is sown this crop

can be utilized as a summer forage crop

if needed for that purpose. or better yet

if not so needed may be used as a crop

to fatten the lambs on in the fall and

the lambs can be followed by hogsand

the full value of the crop secured with-

out any expense of harvesting, while the

residue of vegetable matter from the

vines and the droppings of the animals

Which will be distributed over the field,

together with the nitrogen gathered by

the plants and stored in the roots, will

materially benefit the soil when plowed

down the following year. This may ap-

pear like a slovenly method of farming‘to

many, yet: there is need of more-0f this

kind of farming upon many Michigan

farms, where the fertility of the soil has

been depleted by constant cropping, and

the removal of the fertility from the soil

by the removal of the crops from thel

land, never to be returned in the forml

of manure or supplementary fertilization.‘

Then, while Michigan has attained con-l

siderable fame as a. lamb feeding state!

it would appear that different ,

must be practiced if this industry is to,:

remain a stable one. Feeder lambs arei

too high in the fall to make a profit ccr-l

lain, as many Michigan feeders can tes-

tify this year. This means that we must

grow more of our own feeders on the

farms where they are to be fed. If we

are to produce our own lambs we can

hardly afford to produce the little fellows

of the range type. and as big lambs are

discriminated against in the markets late

in the season, there would seem to be

better chances for a good profit by crowd-

ing the early native lambs on good pas-

ture in midsummer and finishing them

off on cheap feed in the fall, and market-

ing them before the stabling season. At

least this plan is well worthy of a trial

on Michigan farms, where, if present in-

dications are accepted, it would seem

that early lambs for the spring trade or





 





 





spring lambs for the fall trade. placed on

the market in good condition which is

secured on cheap, home—grown feed would

afford the best profits for their producers

in future years.



Supplementary Feed for the Pigs.



Vi'hen the spring pigs are well started

by liberal feeding through their dams, it

will pay to give them some supplementary

feed in a pen or small yard to which the

sows do not have access. If some choice

feed is givwi them in a trough where they





cannot in; disturbed by the sows, where

they are fed middlings at first, with a

little corn meal and skim-milk if it is

available, the pigs will make a rapid





growth. and will never notice the wean-

ing period. The average litter is weaned

too early. and where supplementary feed-

ing has not been practiced, they often

become stunted in growth at this time,

which is LL loss lhut can never be wholly

regained. lut if the pigs are given sup-

plementary [cell in a judicious manner,

and are allowed to run with the sow un-

til at least cighl weeks old, no such set-

back will be experienced when they are

weuucd, and their growth will be unin-





 





tei'i'upled, which is most important if it

is desired to hasten their development iol

good market condition at :13 eurly an age

as possible.





And no mutter at what age,

it is the intention to market the pigs, it





will pay to keep lhcm growing all the

time. Thc gains nunic on the young pigs

are the ('lu-zipcst gums. and unless they

are kept growing to the limit of their;





capacity there is bound to bu a loss-i due:





to the longer time in which a, portion of‘





thc ration fed must go for the I’lliilllle-

1::iiu:c'of the bodily {nun-lions, hence it

will pziy wcll to feed ibcni intelligently





from the start, which means even before

mey are iieaucd from their dams.





\‘(ush and oil the collars occasionally.

TVVU minutes‘ work at the cud of the day

is sulliclcnt to keep the surface of a col- !

lar clean, soft and pliable. A damp sponge

and a cake of harness soap kept in the

currycomb 'box are the only equipment

needed.





Shoulder galls are due to one of two

things-i; dirty, or ill-fitting collars. There

is no excuse for either.





 





 





_ eep Scab

/ Can be Cured





. Beyond question, the most

valuable assistant the farmer and

sheepman can have in his fight

against sheep scab, foot rot and

sheep ticks is





Dr. HESS DIP





and Disinfectant





This meets the Government standard for

official dipping for sheep scab. and

effectually destroys the scab germ. All germ

diseases, and parasitic skin troubles in

animals yield to Dr. Hess Dip and Disin-

fectant. One gallon makes from 50 to 100

gallons of solution. To use it is to have

healthy farm stock. Write for Dip booklet.





DR. HESS & CLARK, Ashland, Ohlo





 





A Guaranteed





Dlfil'lflplfl

REMEDY





HORSES You are no as: in buying oust-'-

Distemper and Cough Remedy. It is





S" E E P sold on a positive money back [unr-

.n.nteo. it is so certain we let you



test it It our expense. Get a bottle



—try it on any case of Distemper.



Cold, Pinkeye. eta—ii it falls to do what we

claim-take empty bottle back and get your money.





Price50c and $1.00. If your dealer

can't supply you. send to us and get CRAFT





a .1111111'1131111111 alumni!)





11 Third St.-





FREE ADVICE!





Every stock owner should have on hand a standard

medicine for the treatment of the ills to which his

animals are subject. this season of the year. The

horses especially will need great deal of care so they

may do a maximum amount of work. Every farmer

knows that. the spring time is the critical time for

horses, there in a soft condition and are subject to a

great. many diseases. It you use one package of





ANTI-BRAXY





you will have no trouble wch your stock. This

preparation is guaranteed to cure and prevent. il’

given as directed, Indigofltion, Liver and Kidney

troiililerfiund Stocknyegs. It. cools lhc blood and tones

up the muscles and nervous system. Volcrinur)‘ has

used it for yours and it hasn't failed to do the business.

Send today [or 31 package of Anti-Brnxy. Address





STANDARD VETERINARY (30.. Nashville, Mich.





IMPORTED BELGIAN STALLIUN





Very Dark Dapple Buy For Sale.





Seven years old, 16 hands high, weight 2000 pounds.

extra heavy bone and muscle, with extra good action,

style and disposition. A sure foul-getter and can

show his (mite for merit.



Price right; good reason for selling.

ticulars courteousiy given.





W . D. G O U L D,

107 Aberle Ave. Detroit, Mich. Phone N. 2 l3-W.





Percheron, Belgian, Shire and

Hackney Stallions and Mares





AH line lot as there is in America. El to 4 yours old,

with lots of quality and good individuals. weighing

or maturing 1900 to Mill lbs.



Prime on Imported Stallions. $1,000 to $1.200.

Ainericuu Bred Stallions. $600 to $900. Impor-





Lnl'nyetto. In





 





 





 





Full par-





 





’ tutmnn to arrive Fob. 18 and March lst.





LEW W. COCIIIIAN. Crawfordsville, Ind.

Office 109% South Washington St.





JACKS and MULES

liaise hilllm-i and got. rich.

For tho next '5) days. 400

howl of this large Jacki-i.

Jonnys and Mules. M to 17

hands high at. y. 091'. Come

soon for u. bargain. Stock

guaranteed. Write for prices

today. Address.



Kreklor’u Jack Farm,



WEH’I‘ ELKTON. OHIO.

Brunch flat-nil. Clinton, Ind,





Belgian, Pecrheron and Shire





Slallions and Brood Mares





‘ , ll) head of prize-winnners



' to arrive March 2’). Plenty

. of mares in foul. A guar-

antee With each animal.





Prices reasonable.

lOESER BR08., Importers,

Dom. M, ngonior, Ind.





EGIS’I‘ERED PEROHERONS FOR SALE—l more

coming 2 yrs. old and Istallion coming 1 vr. old

both blocky gruys. M. A BRAY. ()komos. Mich. I

If you are want-





BELGIAN HORSES. .13...qu Drn





Horses write H. H. JUMP. Munlth. Michigan.
i,





 





 





 





 





 





APRIL 15, 1911.





LIVE STOCK NOTES.



Dr. 4D. F. Luckey, state veterinarian of

Missouri, claims that with the expendi-

ture of from $35,000 to $40,000 it will be

possible to drive hog chelora from that

state within 60 days after a good start

is made, the money to-be spent for serum

and the necessary deputies.



There is the annual rush of spring

calves to market from dairying sections

in such states as Michigan, Wisconsin,

Illinois and Indiana, and prices have un-

dergone a big reduction in recent weeks

in the Chicago stock yards. The dairy

calf crop of these states run away up in

the millions, \Visconsin alone being cred-

ited with over two million calves, and

most of the male calves are marketed for

veal. The greater part of these calves

are not adapted for feeding for beef, but

a small percentage might be fed profit—

ably, and some buyers who are well fixed

for the business buy these calves in good

numbers. The calves ‘usually come on

the market too soon after their birth,

their owners hurrying them off because

milk is dearer than veal. After these

calves from the dairy districts of the

central west are out of the way a re-

covery in calf prices will be in order, as

a light calf "crop” is reported west of the

Missouri River, especially in Texas. Un-

questionably, it would pay well for dairy-

men to finish these calves for the veal

market, but it is hard to convince them

of this. The marketing will increase

from now, and April will see liberal ship-

ments of calves from dairies everywhere.

Calves for well over a year have sold ex-

tremely high, and if the marketingin the

spring could be regulated and a fair per-

centage shipped in fat condition, good

profits would accrue to owners that is

now lost. Dairymen now adhere to the

old custom of getting rid of their calves

for whatever the first shipper offers, and

most of them have no interest in veal,

caring only for the milk. The few who

do otherwise find that it pays to produce

good veal. The late Louis I’faelzer, the

Chicago butcher, used to say that choice

veal as it is sold in European countries

is practically unknown in this country,

and he predicted that the time will come

when this annual sacrifice will cease and

a veal finishing industry be brought

about.



A writer for a Chicago live stock mar-

ket paper says: “Scrub calves predomi-

nate in the April rush to market. It is

a multi-colored aggregation with a

sprinkling of good red calves, betraying

Shorthorn blood and an increasing pro-

portion of Holstein each year. A Holstein

calf makes no better veal than a Jersey

or a Shorthorn, but usually a select bunch

of calves topping the market is black and

white in color. The explanation is that

many dairymen with large herds use Hol-

stein cows and, finding that making their

calves good is profitable, feed them, the

result being that Holstein veals are pop-

ular with killers. Many red calves are

sacrificed each spring which should be

matured, or sold as stock calves in the

fall. Probably 60 per cent of the run 15



worthless for maturing purposes, but

stockmen assert that the day is at hand

when Holstein calves will find favor with

beef makers as they make d‘ecent beef

cattle, and cheaper stockers is the need

feeders are feeling most now.”



W. P. Adams & Son, of Iowa, lead off

in the enterprise of fattening sheep and

lambs in the Hawkeye state, having

handled 18,000 lambs and 2,000 sheep dur-

ing the past winter season, and they have

about two—thirds of these holdings left.

These flocks are mostly W'yoming and

Montana inuttons that were bought last

fall in the Omaha market. The firm owns

6,000 acres of land in Iowa, and also a

farm of 8,000 acres in South Dakota. The

Iowa farm lands embrace 3,500 acres de-

voted to corn, and from 50 to 60 bushels

were grown to the acre last year.



Dairying, stock breeding and general

farming will receive an impetus from the

recent unloading at an Atlantic port of

some 600 Holland families by a Rotterdam

steamer. They were a fine lot of thrifty

farmers, and the average fortune of each

family was $1,000. They were booked

through to various farming districts in

such states as New York, Michigan, In-

diana, Illinois, \Visconsin, Minnesota,

South Dakota and northern Nebraska.

Lots of foreigners are better informed as

to the best lands to settle on than the

average American.



Dairy products are bringing unusually

low prices for this season of the year

because of extremely liberal offerings.

This is due only in part to the increased

stocks that were placed in storage ware—

houses last year, for the recent produc-

tion of butter, eggs. etc., has been unusu-

ally large. A few days ago another sud-

den sharp decline in prices for butter in

the Chicago market left the best grade of

creamery butter selling at wholesale for

220 per pound, heavy fresh arrivals com—

ing into competition with large offerings

of cold storage butter. Dairying is in—

creasing rapidly in many places. So much

is said at the present time regarding cold

storage practices that it is interesting to

note that Dr. Harvey \V. Wiley, chief of

the bureau of chemistry of the Depart—

ment of Agriculture, says that butter and

eggs can be kept in perfect safety for a

period of from six to nine months, but

it is unsafe to replace goods in cold stor-

age after they have been removed and

exposed for sale. A cold storage product

on beingii‘thdrawn decomposes rapidly.



The following comes from \Vashington:

“While I have no authority to say that

wool growers will not be given a hear-

ing," said Chairman Vnderwood, “it is

my opinion that they might just as well

make up their minds to make an assault

on Gibraltar as upon the house of repre-

sentatives. “7e know now all the argu-

ments that will be advanced against the

revision of schedule “K,” but there is no

question about what the house will do.

We will make our revision and send it to

the senate. and whether it goes any fur-

ther remains to be seen.”





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





 





YVWYYVVYVYVYYVYY—VVVYVVY





VETERINARY 1





LAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAALA





CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR, V, S.





Advice through this department is free

to our subscribers. Each communication

should state history and symptoms of the

case in full; also name and address of

writer. Initials only will be published.

Many queries are answered that apply to

the same ailments. . If this column is

watched carefully you will probably find

the desired information in a reply that

has been made to some one else. When

reply by mail is requested, it becomes

private practice, and a fee of $1.00 must

accompany the letter.





YVVY





 





 





 





 





Knuckling.—-I have a colt coming three





years old this spring that I broke to work

two months ago and after working him

for a few weeks he began to knuckle on

one hind fetlock joint and I would like

to know if he can be cured? He appears

all right part of the time and knuckles

on one leg only. It occurs to me if it was

the result of overwork or heavy 1311“ng

why should he not be affected the same

on both legs. If he can be cured I would

like to treat him at once. Z. Z., Union-

ville, Mich—Your colt has doubtless

sprained the ligaments of fetlock joint

and if you will apply equal parts turpen-

tine, aqua ammonia and olive oil every

day or two he will get well.



Cofl‘in Joint Lameness.——I have a driv-

ing mare that shows considerable lame-

ness following a drive of 10 Or 15 miles;

when given four or five days’ rest gets

all right. Our local Vet. and myself are

agreed that it is a case of coffin joint

lameness and he recommends removing

a portion of the nerve on each side of

fore leg; but I would like to have your

opinion before consenting to have this

operation performed. It. B. IL, Seneca,

Mich—Cases of lameness where the ani-

mal recovers with rest should not be

nerved, as this operation is only per-

formed as a last resort, when all other

palliative remedies have failed. I advise

you to apply one part red iodide mercury

and eight parts cerate of cantharides to

entire coronet from top of hoof to middle

of pastern all the way round; these blis—

ters should be applied every ten days,

two or three days after the blister is put

on apply vaselinc to soften scales, this

will make it easier to get ready for a sec-

ond blister.



Septic I’oison and Fever.——Have a cow



five years old that came fresh Feb. 26;

third calf she appeared to clean all right,

but udder was some swollen which grad-

ually reduced in a few days. She gave a

nice flow of milk for ten days and ate

fairly well, then gradually lost appetite

for food and water, rubbed nose on man-

ger, breathed heavily, groaned some and

our Vet. thought she had indigestion. lie

treated her for several days without suc-

cess. Her throat is swollen, has a bunch

on breast and is very much out of con—

dition. D. G., Lyons, Mich—Give your

cow 2 drs? salicylic acid, 1 dr. ground nux

vomica and 1 oz. of bicarbonate of soda

at a dose either in feed or as a drench

three times a day. She should be fed

some roots. '

.. Teat Plugs—Leaking Milk—I would

like .to know if, by the use of teat plugs

it Will prevent a cow from leaking milk,

and if so where can they be purchased?

“I, W., Birmingham, Mich.——\Vritc the

Michigan Farmer, Detroit, Mich., and en-

close' $1.40 and they will send you four

hard rubber latest improved teat plugs

for preventing cows leaking milk.



Indigestion——Y\'arbles.—I have several

two and three-year-old heifers that are

thin and in an unthrifty condition and

they also have grubs in their back.

would like to know how to get rid of the

grubs and what to do for my heifers. G.



B., Charlevoix, Mich—Your heifers

need perhaps more nourishing food and

perhaps they have been kept out doors

too much of the time. Give each heifer

two tablespoonfuls_of the following com-

pound powder at a dose in feed twice or

three times a day: Gentian, ginger, fenn-

greek, anise, cinchona, bicarbonate soda

and charcoal, equal parts by weight mix-

ed thoroughly.



Impaction.—I have a Chester white sow

that farrowed 14 nice pigs on March 10,

1911, 12 of them lived until past two

weeks old, all were even and thrifty, but

suddenly some of them commenced to

breathe hard as though in pain; their

bowels appear to be costive, they appear

to be fond of dirt. I opened some of them

and found their bowels quite full of dirt.

If our of them are still living and I would

like to know What to do for them. W. S.

15., Battle Creek, Mich—Prevent them

from eating dirt, and give each sick or

costive pig a teaspoonful of sweet oil to

open their bowels. Pigs as young as

these can. usually be helped by preventing

or reinovmg the cause of their ailment.



Opacity of Cornea—I have a colt 1]

months old which met with an accident

when only three days old; its eye was

injured, setting up an inflammation which

I relieved with hot water applications and

afterwards applied witch hazel, but now

the e.Ve ball is covered with a sort of

scum. .If You can prescribe a remedy

that Will clear or clean the eye, I should

like to. have you do so. J. F. R, Marcel-

lus, Mich—A chronic ailment of this kind

is not always easily removed; however

you will obtain fairly good results by giv:

ing the colt 1 dr. doses of iodide of

potassnim once or twice a day for 30

days. Also apply a small quantity of

calomel to eye once a day. These appli-

cations are best made by blowing the

powder directly on eye ball.



Indigestion—Thick Urine—I have two

pregnant mares due to foal the latter

part of June that have rough coats and

one of them perspires too freely; she also

gives off an offensive odor; besides, both

of them pass thick, milky urine. V. G.

W., Montague Mich.——If you work your

mares hard enough or drive them fast

enough to exert them a great deal, they





I—I





will obtain much relief by being clipped.

Also give each of them two tablespoonfuls

of the following compound powder at a

dose in feed twice a day, whenever it is

necessary to keep their, kidneys active.

Mix equal parts powdered.rosin, pow-

dered buchu leaves, gro'und gentian, .fen-

ugreek and bicarbonate‘ of soda.



Light Milken—I have a mare that re—

cently had a colt, but she does not give

enough milk to properly nourish it. \Vould

you advise me to give the colt some

cow’s milk? J. G., Memphis, Mich—You

had better feed your mare more milk

producing food and try to increase her

milk flow until such time as the colt is

old enough to eat. If you do feed the colt

cow‘s milk add one-third water and be sure

that your feeding utensils are thoroughly

cleaned each time they are used.



Thrush—I have a horse that had

thrush and I applied calomel which dried

the discharge, but now the frog is hard

and the horse points foot whenever al-

lowed to stand still. 0. K., Munger,

Mich—Dissolve a pound of salt in a gal-

lon or two of tepid water and stand foot

in it for one hour a day; also apply lan-

olin to hOof once or twice a day.



2arrenness.—l have a mare that is not

less than 12 years old which has proved

barren for the past four years, although

she has been mated regularly each year.

I might mention that she has chronic

heaves, but otherwise appears to be

healthy. 1. D., Croswell, Mich—Your

mare will perhaps always remain barren;

however, it might be well enough to dilate

the opening leading into uterus; also

wash out vagina two or three times a

week and a few hours before she is

served, with a solution made by dissolv-

ing one-quarter pound of bicarbonate of

soda in a gallon of tepid water and if

this fails try the yeast treatment for which

you have doubtless obtained the formula,

for it has been published many times in

this column. It is possible that You

should use an impregnator or perhaps

matc her with a Jack. ‘



Injured Back—(inc of our cows got

down a few days before calving time;

we were unable to help her on her feet,

but changed her from side to side daily.

In 1.4 days she had her calf, then showed

improvement for a week; then grew

gradually weaker and at the end of two

Weeks died. This cow showed no indica—

tion of suffering any pain, except per-

haps a few days before she died. Her

bowels acted too freely for a day or two,

but were normal the rest of the time;

her kidneys also acted in a normal way.

ller eyesight seemed to be affected. This

cow may perhaps have slipped while

walking on ice and fallen, injuring her

back. Now we have another cow down

and in much the same condition, there-

fore I ask for advice. N. V., Sanford,

Mich.-—Cows that are either poorly fed

or fed non-nutritious, badly—cured food

are apt to grow weak before calving, also

cows that are highly fed and have little

or no exercise frequently get down before

calving and are unable to get on foot





 





without assistance until a few days after





calving. Pregnant animals should be ex-

ercised daily before parturition takes

place. Their bowels should be kept open.





Give your cow 1 dr. ground nux vomica

and 1/3 oz. powdered nitrate of potash at]I

a dose as a drench three times a day and I

open her bowels by giving epsom salts;

in 1/2 lb. doses twice a day until the de-

sired effect is produced. Also apply to!

loin equal parts spirits of camphor and-

alcohol, twice a day. She should be fed!

nourishing food that has a laxative effect. I





Loss of Appetitc~Collar Boils.——-Have a

cow nine years old that came fresh eight

weeks ago which seems to have lost her

appetite almost entirely. I offer her

ground oats night and morning with

mixed hay and cornslnlks. She also has

a peck of carrots twice a day. but she

minces and does not eat enough food. I

also have a six-ycar—old mare that has

done very little work during the winter,

but whenever worked hard she is trou-

bled with collar boils and I would like to

know what I can give her to cleanse her

blood. (l. H), Fair (li‘ovc, )Iich.~——Give

your cow 1 oz. of ground gentian, 1/2 oz.

ground quassia and 14, oz. powdered cin-

chona at a dose as a drench three times

a day. Also give 1 oz. cooking soda and

2 ozs. powdered charcoal :it a dose mixed

with feed two or three times a day. Give

your horse 1/3 oz. Donovan's solution at

a dose in feed twice a day. See letter

relating to sore shoulders that I wrote

in April ] issue.



Cat Has Worms—“dint can I give a

ten—month-old kitten that will rid it of

worms, and tell me what is the most

probable cause which produced these

worms. \V. It. S., Cheboygan, Mien—For

every pound that your cat weighs give it

2 grs. of powdered areca nut at a, dose

once a day for two or three days, then

a dose once a week is perhaps all that

will be required to destroy the worms. It

is good practice to give the cat a table—

spoonful of castor oil two hours after’

giving the areca nut. Feeding raw meat!

and food that has been exposed to thei

air long in warm weather is quite apt to

produce worms in cats: however, it is,1

well to keep in mind that all dogs andl

cats have a few worms.



Nodular Diseasev’l‘hrce of my sheep

have died lately after an illness of only]

a few days. The first symptoms noticed

are weakness, loss of appetite, and they

are inclined to hold the head higher than

when in a normal position. I have treat—

ed them for grub according to your ad-

vice and have also fed them medicated

salt without satisfactory results. 0. ,

Kneeland, Mich—I am somewhat in~

clined to believe that your sheep may

suffer from nodular disease affecting the

bowels; however, they may have grub in

the head or gid and if so a close exam-

ination, especially after death would tell

just what ailed them. If you loose an-

other sheep, be sure and look after death

and report your findings to me. Give one

or two ounces of castor oil to open bow-

els, also give 10 grs. bromide of potash

three times a day.





 





 





MORE MONEY





GIVES.





MORE SATISFACTION”.





NO STOCK CAN THRIVE IF PESTERED

WITH LICE,TICKS,MITES,FLEAS,

$CAB,MANGE,AND OTHER SKIN ,

’ ~_. DISEASES.

, 'To CLEAN OUT THESE

PARASITES, GUARD AGAINST

CONTAGIOUS DISEASES,

CLEANSE, PURIFY, AND

DEODORIZE.USF_





BETTER THAN OTHERS,BECAUSE, IT IS





STANDARDIZED.





UNIFORM,DEPENDABLEEFFICIENT. ONE



GALLON 0F KRESO DIP NOJ MAKES 60



TO IOO GALLONS OF SOLUTION(DEPENDING

UPON WHAT USE IS TO BE MADE OF IT.)





A REAL NECESSITY ABOUT

HORSES,CATTLE.SHEEP.SWINE,

DOGS, GOATS AND POULTRY.





FOR SALE. BY ALL DRUGGISTS.



WRITE FOR FREE CIRCULARS. ASK FOR LEAFLET



DESCRIBING A NEW CEMENY HOG WALLOW IF YOU

‘ ARE INTERESTED.





PARKE,DAVIS&





DEPARYHENT OF ANIMAL

INDUSTRY. ’





 





 





 





Horse Owners Should Use





GOMBAULT’S

CAUSTIC BALSAM





The Great French Veterinary Reine .

A SAFE, SPEEDY a POSITIVE CU .





Prepared exclusively

by J. E. Gombault. ex-



eten’nar Surgeon to

the Franc Government

Stud.





 

   

 





SUPERSEDES All. CAUTERY 0R “RING.





Impossible to produce any scar or blemish.

The safest best Blister ever used. Takes the

glue of all liniments for mild or severe action.



emoves all Bunches or Blenilshes from Horsol

or Cattle.



As a HUMAN REMEDY for Bheua

matllm. Sprnlns. Sore Throat, etc, it

is invaluable.



WE GUARANTEE that one table-

spoonful of Caustic Balsam will produce

more actual results than a. whole bottle of any

liniment or s avin cure mixture ever made.



Every bott e of Can-tic Balsam sold is

Warranted to give satisfaction. Price 81.50

per bottle. Sold by druggists or sent by ex-

press. charges paid, with ull directions for it.

use. Send for descriptive circulars, testimo-

nials, etc. Address





I'll] LAWBIllCl-WILLIAIS COIPAIIY, Cleveland, Ohio.





 





 





 





“ONLY SURE REMEDY”

Gadsden Ala. A r. 26 1909.



Dr. B. J. Kendall Co. ' ’ p ’



Gentlemen. Please send me copy of your

TRE ATISE. I have been using your Spav‘in Cure

for 20 years, and find It In the only sure remedy.

I! Is the boot llnimonl I can not lor horse and

man. Yours truly, W.J. McBee.



That tells the whole story, and it is the ex-

perience that hundreds of thousands have had

in the past 40 years, and it’s the experience you

will have—“1t is the only sure remedy"—





For Spavln,Ringbone,curb,5plint,

Swellings and All Lameness





Sold B Drugfglou—SIJO I Bottle, 6 bottles for

85.00. cap on hand always. Be ready for the

emergency. Kendall’s stops the pain, starts the

circulation, penetrates and removes the cause

of thedisorders. Ask for a free copy of “A Treat-

ise on the Horse.” It not at. dealers write to—





DR. B. J. KENDALL 00.. Enooburg Follt. VI.





JUST SAY maturities





when writing to our Advertisers.
440 (s)





Barrenness.—I have two heifers that

are in heat too often. which fail to get

with calf. V. G. W., Montague. Mich.—

See remedy for barrenness in this issue.

I am not sure that your heifers are not

suifering from ovarian disease and“- so

you might as well fatten them for they

will not prove to be breeders:



Splint.-——My 11-year-old horse is troub-

led with a splint that is situated high up

on shin causing him to go very lame

and I would like to know how it should

be treated. L. F. R.. \Voodland, Mich.—

Your horse may strike his shin while

trotting. with the opposite foot and if so he

should wear a boot. Apply one part red

iodide mercury and eight parts lard to

bunch twice a week.



Poll Evil.—l have a 10-year-old work

horse that was frightened while standing

in stable, at which time he struck the

ceiling with top of head which resulted

in abscess. This bunch opened and is

now discharging pus; our Vet. prescribed

a healing lotion which we haVe been in-





Jecting into sack for several days, but.





pus is coming out of both sides of neck

and I would like to know how to treat

it. L. E. S. Milan, Mich—Ask your

Vet. to use bacterin treatment, either

that which is already prepared or to

make it- from pus taken from the lower

portion of abscess; he 'will doubtless un-

derstand how to apply this new treat-

ment for suppurating ailments of animals.

In connection with this treatment mild

antiseptics should be injected into ab-

scess, such as one part bichloride mer-

cury and 500 parts water or one part

carbolic acid and 30 parts water.





Hernia—I have a yearling filly that

has a small rupture back of navel and I

would like to know how it should be

treated. A'. E. D.. Decatur. Mich—A

slight surgical operation will have to be

performed on your filly and it will take

her about two weeks to recover, but

have it done by a Vet. who has had ex-

perience in treating hernia.



Alsike Fever in Leg—I haVe a 12-year-

old mare that is now in foal which has

had alsike fever in legs twice; one leg

has swollen considerable. During the

duration of these attacks she shows some

tenderness and lameness when starting.

J. .1. E, North Branch, Mich—Apply

equal parts lemon juice and glycerine to

sores twice a day. or apply the following

lotion which is made by dissolving 1,; lb.

ac tate of lead, 3 ozs. of sulphate of zinc

an 2 ozs. of carbolic acid in a gallon of

water and apply this twice a day. Give

her a desscrlspoonful of powdered salt-

peter at a dose in feed two or three times

a day for a few days. then give a dose

occasionally to kccp the kidneys active.



Sweeneywl havc a horse that is

sweenied and shows some weakness in

shoulder. C. ll. I'L. Gaines, Mich.#Clip

the hair off atrophicd portion of shoulder

and the lower point and apply ccrate of

cantharidcs once a week.



How to Feed a Brood Mare that “'orks.

——l have a mare that had a foal April 1,

which I shall be obliged to work, there-

fore 1 would like to have your advise as

to how she should be fed and managed.

Ilow old should colt be when woaned? If we

feed cow's milk to it, should water he

added? If oats are 40c 21 bushcl. oil

meal $1.90 per 100 lbs, bran $1.27» and

cottonseed meal $1.65 per 100 lbs, how

would you feed it to work horses? Y. J.

V.. Holton, Mich—First of all. it may

not be out of place for me to say that I

have owned a great many thousand

horses and at one time kept 25 brood

mares and nearly 100 other horses that

were used for different kinds of work the

whole year round and I have never found

any kind of food that seemed to give as

good results when fed to a horse that

was doing much road work or heavy

work, as oats, and a good quality of well

cured mixed hay. ()uis at 40c a bushel

is the cheapest food you mention. adding

some dry wheat bran to each feed or a

little later some green food or roots. The

mare giving milk should be fed more

bran. a small quantity of oil meal or cot-

tonseed meal and considcrahlc green food

or roots; this will increase her milk flow.

It is early enough to wean a colt when

four months old. If cow‘s milk is fed

one—third part clean water should be ad—

ded; the feeding utensils should be clean.



“'arbles.—I have a two-year-old heifer

that has some bum-hes on back about the

size or u hickory nut, with a small open—

ing in some of them and I would like to





know who! :I ils her. 0. A. .1.. Lyons.

lVIitlr—Sharpcn a pen-knife and make

openingr in hidc a little larger, then





Squeeze out grub. be sure and kill these

grubs for if not they will multiply. Ap-

ply one part curholic acid and 30 parts

water to sores once a day or dust some

boric acid into pockets daily.



Wcak Eycs—Barrenncss.-l have a 4—

l’czir-old more that is troubled with weak

cycs, with some waterymiucus discharge

and a tendoncy to close Vthe lids. I also

have an cighi-year-old cow that came

fresh in November that has been fed

peas. outs. buckwheat middlings. cnsilage

and clover that has failed to come in

heat. 141. 'l‘.. \\“hitc Cloud. Mich.——llis-

solve 1 dr. lmr‘lo :u-id in a pint of water

and wash cycs twice a day. Give cow

1 dr. of ground nux vomit-a. 20 grs. of

powdered cantharides at a dose in feed

three. times a day.



Infected Mille—Bruised .\‘rm. My 8-

year-old cow is giving 20 quarts of milk

a day, is fed all the clover she will eat.

six quarts of cut carrots, one quart of

bran onc quart of middlings and half

pint of oil mcal twice a day, but when

I run the milk through the cream solut-

rtor a sort of greenish white scum forms

on bowl. My three-year-old colt bumped

his arm against neck yoke. causing a

swelling and I would like to know how to

treat him. H. 8.. Sigsbee, Mich.~More

care Should be taken to prevent bacteria

or dust getting into milk after it is

milked. Your cow is doubtless healthy.

Apply equal parts tincture arnica, ex_-

tract of witch hazel and spirits of cam—

phor to swelling twice a day.





 





 

 

 





 

 

 





guaranteed service.





Because





 





cause confidence





From the inexpensive to the highest grade in‘

every style, you can have the advantage of

Studebaker design, materials, workmanship,

double inspection of finished vehicle and





all Studebaker

manufactured complete in the Studebaker

plant, from springs to top—and be-





. o, ‘ , i i

- Money in Servnce, ' vow/:13

Comfort and Style. “





No matter what class of buggy or

other vehicle you have in mind to i " ‘ _..

buy—there is a Studebaker just suited to your needs.





Vehicles are





in Studebaker





value has made the demand so great our

factories new cover over one hundred and

one acres of ground. Be guided by the judg-

ment and experience of over a million other

vehicle users who have chesen Studebakers.

Let us send you the name of the nearest

Studebaker Dealer-

style that will appeal to your eye and the con-

struction that will appeal to your judgment.





THE STUDEBAKER CORPORATION





South Bend, Indiana.





Adv. No. 1430





 

 

   

 





 

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

 





Let him show you the





 





 





”SAVE-THE-HORSENSPAV IN CURE.





   





MAKES HIM GLAD AND PROUD





Ind III words are right from his henrtJor a'vnlnnl’le hmewu in

the balance and he hurl uphill 4 years treating with other things.

Reading. Pa —1 must say that you have the best remedy on the

market Iodnynnd for pricc it is not a penny too much 1 do not

kn .nw how to express my glad feelings for you and tho linixficnt.

as it saved me about $400 on my horse. which lhnd treated with

a dozen different remedies and by two of the best veterinarians.

who pronounced the horse incurable. All ask what 1 did us he

is going sound.nnd the firsttime in four years. I wish you could

see him. Everywhere 1 go on Penn Street or any place, the people

stand and look athim—I am so proudof him I don't know what

to do. The people can say all they wnntnbout other remedies.

but I'll have “Suve-Tlm-Horso." Icon hardly believe the cure

you made and the way you treated me in my case. You must ex-

cuse me for writingr a letter of appreciation like this. but I can

hardly do otherwise with the horse 1 got. now.

0 SCHlEIFENHEINER. JIL. No 919 North 0th Street.



3 on a bottlen-xith legal written guarantee or contract .Send



' for copy. booklet and letters from business men and



trainers on every kind of case. Permanently cures Spnvin.



Thoroughpin. Illnghone (cxcept low). Curb. Splint. (‘nppcd

lloek.Windpun‘.Shoe BoiIJnjurt-d Tendon; and all lumen-m. No

sour or loss of hair. Horse works as usual. Dealers or Express

Paid. Troy Chemical (‘43.. 20 Commercial Ave..liilghnmton. N. Y





Rldgllnn entntlon I SmIley.

Write for circular. Work guaran-

teed or no pay. Am a graduate of

Former Miles School of Veterinary

iurgei'y. HENRY H. FERRY. V. S.

Van; R. F. 0. lo. I. Ila-0nd. Mich.





l. C. lLCOG . ThTé’fiL'."..°,°' lee Stock Iucliomr.





‘Vrlte for terms and dates.





 

 

 

 

 





 





 





ARTHUR s. wmcox Jerome Michigan.

LIVE STOCK and REAL ESTATE‘ lio r

WRITE FOR DATES ABD TERMS. "0 m -





BREWERS’ DIRECTORY.

CATTLE.

ABERDEEN-ANGUS.





Herd. consisting of Trojan Ericas. Blackbirda and

Pridee. only. is headed by Eierton W. a. Tromn Erica.

by Black W'oodlawn. sire of t 8 Grand Cham ion steer

and bull at the International in Chicago. ec.. 1910.

He is assisted by Undulntn Blackbird Ito.



WOODCOTE STOCK FARM. Ionla. Mich.





AY R s H I R Es—High type of Dairy animal.

Young bulls and bull calves

for sale. Prices low. In uirics collated.



BERKSHIRE SWIN .. -



FINE POULTRY—“bite and Barred Rocks.

“'hite & Bull ()rpingtons. VVhit-e “'yandottes and

Leghorns. Evgs in season We each. .

MICHIGAN SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF. Flint. Mich.





VILLAGE FIRM BUEHNSEYS FDR SAL ‘ggfllflfii





nity—Bulls from Imp. cows. rich in La France blood. 6

months to 2% years old. fit, to head any herd of regis-

tered :Guernseys. Cows. Imp. Natoma Alameda.

5 years old.:siro!IIero ol‘ the Park. Domingos Maid of

Village Farm. 2% years. sire Imp. Nutomo Domingo.

'l‘ubercnlin tested. Prices reasonable. “'ritc Vil-

lage Farm. Grass Lake. Mich.. H. H. Schuller. Prop.





 





 





 





HE double standard l’ollod Durham. Wild eyed Abotts burn

Milk struin. Grand Champion silver cup winner at 1910

Michigan State Fair. JAS. H HALL. Port Austin. Michigan.





TOP NOTCH HOLS’I‘EINS





Tor) Notch registered young Holstein Bulls com-

bining in themselves the blood of cows which now

hold and have in the past held World’s Records for

milk and butter fat at fair rice .





8 Z

MCPHERSON FAR 5 C0.. Howell. chh.





E KOL Korndyko Bull Calf—Choicest A. R. O.

brooding. Splendid individual. mostly white. 575.

COLE BROTHERS. Ypsilanti Farms. Ypsilanti. Mich.





' ' ‘BULL CALVES.

Holstein Frlcsian Cattle 6......“ n. 0....

arv Mercedes. W. B. JONES. Oak Grove. Michigan.





 





 





 





 





' 6 months old. dam and sire's two dams

HOISICIII Bu" average 2-31 lbs. butter and 476 lbs. of





milk in 7 days. HOBART W'. FAY. Eden. MICh.





 





' —-I am goingto sell 15 bulls in March.

Hillfilem BUIIS Won't. you he] me by buyine one?

VS rite me as soon as you read t is. I have one two

learn old: 3 yearlings. 5. 6 to 8 months old. The rest

are younger. Will also sell a number of heifers bred.

and a few good cows. Don't wait until spring work begins





 





 





before you buy one of these. L. E..CONNELL, Fayette. Ohio.





 





' —-Young bulls of high quality and low

IIOISICIIIS Erice’a oonsideri breeding. Get our

descriptions. 0 BEACH F RM. Augusta. Mich.





IOLS'I'ISIN BULL CAI. Fi’:§“i‘i.‘i.’$$

Sire has 75% of the blood of the sire of Grace Fai‘ne

2nd's Homestead. E. COLLIER. Fowlerville. Mich.





DUROC-JERSEYS‘fii’ithgiiia‘ i3:

sale. CAREY U. EDMONDS. Hastings. Michigan.



nunoc antistatic“... .....

farrowed Sept. 22. 1910. wei hing. abogggm lbs. 3:01:

at right prices. ORLO L. '08 ON. Quincy. Mich.





 





OLSTEIN-FRIESIAN Cattle and Dumc Jersey

, swine. One gilt. bred by a son of Defender for

sale. Price $45. E. R. CORNELL. Howell. Mich.





' DU ROC JERSEY Swine established

caplIOI “er 1&8. One last Spring Boar and Sept.

1910 Gilts for sale. J. H. Banghart. R5. Lansing, Mich.





 





Olt SALE—Holstein Bull 2 years old $125. Bull

Calves 6 months to 1 year $50 to 51m. Bred heifers

$150 to $21K]. Oldest herd in Ind. Send for Photos and





DURocs—Z) Bred Saws. of hi h utility. 10

_ Excellent Boats rea- y or service.

7;) Full Pigs both sex. Write or come and see.

J. C. BARNEY. COLDWATER. MICHIGAN.





 





Pedigrees. W. C. Jackson. 715 Re! St. South Bend. Ind.

FOR SAL —Reg. St. Lambert Jerseys.

Cows and Bulls from high





producing stock. 0. A. BRISTOL. Fenton. Michigan.



' 20 months old Sound. sure.



R.§‘l§‘.nd Jase! Bu“! kind. from cow making over

3.





 





425 of butter er year 575. also six bull calves

cheap. 0 BUTLER. PORTLAND. MICHIGAN.





MPROVED CHESTEBS—Young boars ready for

aervtoe. orders. taken for sows bred for spring far-

row. Also Holstein Bull Calves of the best of breed-

ing. Vi. O. “ILSON. Okemos. Mich. Both Phones.





all ages. Sowe bred.

0- l. C0 H 0 s Mules weighing 195 lbs.

and more. H. H. JUM . Munith. Michigan.





 





 





H E R E F 0 R D S'Rfi‘hsa‘i?“ 2122 ”£511.33?





China hogs. ALLEN BROS. Paw Paw. Mich.





LILLIE FARMSTEAD JERSEYS.

HER” ”Ullsgvmae Signal St. L. No.‘ 58197.

Jubilee‘s Foxhall. No. 82299.

Bull calves sired by these great bulls. and out of

splendid‘dairy cows. many of them in test for register

of merit. Also a few heifers and heifer calves for

sale. Write for description and prices. Satisfaction

bummed. or money refunded.

COLON C. LILLIE. Coopersville. Michigan.





BUTTER BR ED JERRRYsi’EkLS





CRYSTAL SPRING STOCK FARM.

Silver Creek. Allegan County. Michigan.





 





REGISTERED JERSEYS For Sale—Some combin-

imz IIH‘ blood of St Louis and Chicago “'nrld's

Fuir Champions by HERMAN HARMS. Reese. Mich.





' -0lfic 1 early

Register oi Merit Jerseys. remit. X fl...

lot of young bulls from dams with official records

of 483 Rounds and u wards of butter.



. F. MARS'ILON. Bay City. Michigan.





 





' —O l

Dairy Bred Shorthorns m“‘..l.‘;f‘%1.’.‘.‘“p‘fi’.§é

$75 cash or good note. J. B. Hummel. Mason. Mich.





SHOBTHOHNS and PflLLED llUllllIMS. iiSii‘ sieL‘if





A. D. DeGARMO. Highland. Michigan.





 





 





FOR Sl'ALE—Fall Pi and Bred Gills





. M. WING & SO . Sheridan. Michigan.





0 I 0 —Choice young sows bred for June furrow.

- - - also. booking orders for sgiring )igs either sex;

pairs not, akin. Fred Nickel. R. o. 1. lonroc. Mich.





 





o I c —Bred sows all sold. 1 June boar left.

I I I A few fall gigs either sex. Satisfaction

guaranteed. A. NEWMA . R. 1. Mariette. Michigan.





NLAND-CIIINAS‘EO‘ELpifisx‘féuii'rfiéi {£7333

L. W. Barnes & Son. Byron. Shiuwassee 00.. Mich.

BIG llPE POLANO-8Hllll3"?.fll.’é’l§xii§“2“as“‘6’“

' 0 PS. ’ —

faction guaranteed. R. J. LANE. Clare. No. 7. Mdiclbi.

0. I. C’s For Sale—5%, “ARES? 3.3;“ .fi’gwlfil

akin. some fine bred gilw. choice lot of fall pigs all

ages. OTTO B. BCI‘IULZE. Nashville. Michigan.





—Bred gilts. males wei hin fro

0- in Co SWIIIC 150 to 230 lbs. Prim;g nn will;

right. Geo. P. Andrews. Danaville. Inghani 00., Mic _





 





 





 





 





 





0 I C —Marc.h gigs with quality and best. p8dl<

o o 0 green. lrder now and get first. choice.

C. J. THOMPSON. Rockford. Blichlgan.





 





-I“all pigs either sex' 1 o J

9. It. Cf Bofar left. 811i am ‘33::0 £30133:

or ers or s ring arrow. ip ed (n n l.

HARRY T. CRANDELL. CASS C 'TY. MIC ) 3,11%.





 





SHEEP.





' Ewes bred for March St April:

HamDSh're registered stock: Choice in-

dwiduals. C. I). \VOODBURY. Lansing. Michigan.





Oxford-Down Sheep “33.5%“





cattle l‘orsale. J. A. DE GAltMO. Muir. Mich.

-—Good Yearling Field

OXford Down Sheep Rams and ewes of all ages

for sale. I. R. “'A'I‘ERBUIIY. Highland. Michigan.

' —1 have 100 ewes. among them

Reg. Rambomlleb all of my youngest and best.

also 8.") ewe and ram lambs. Live 2% miles east of

Morrice on G. '1'. Road. AddrcuSJ. Q. A. COOK.





SHBUPSHIHE HALL STOCK FARM





Has for sale. twontyfive choice bred yearling ewes.

at a low price. also a few good three and four year-

old. bred ewes.





L. 8. DUNHIM &. Sons. Concord. Michigan.

H005.

Boats 8: Gilts





' ' —Growthy S rin

Illlrocs &: Vienna: of choicest lime in from Prize

Winners. M. T. STORY. It. 248. Lowell‘. Michigan.





 





 





 





 





 





' —Ton gilts bred to the wonderful Duke

BerkShlres Pontiac Chief. to furrow in April or Min”:

No better breeding. C. S. Bartlett. Pontiac. Mich.





OR SALE—High quality full Berk-

F shire Gilts. to furrow _in

June. Bred to the excellent young boar.‘ Premier

Bacon 4th. Rougemont Farms. Detroit. Michigan.





ERKSHIRE Yearling sow bred for July farrow.

also two full Gilts and choice lot of March furrow-

ed. (Pigs eith. sex.) A. A. Pattullo. Deckervxlle. Mich.





White and Tamworth swine. urvlce hours. sows bred or

open. of either bread. Shorthorn Cuttlo. Bull Rock..BuR _Wyan-

dotte. W. Orpington, Ckll. Ill breeding stock lending Winners





ADAMS BROS. Litchileld. Mich. breeders of Imp. Cheater





 





~My herd is chiefl

0- I. c. SWINE descent of the Royal

strain both males and females. Get my price before

You bu)’. 'ill register froo of charge in purchaser's

name. A. J. GOllDEN. It. No. 2. Dorr. Michigan.





IG TYPE POLAND CHINA BOARS. also fall and

early spring pigs. ; ’. Rock eggs $1.01 per 1.3.

ROBERT NE‘ E. Pierson. hill-Iilgan.





GREAT POLAND-CHINA HOG SALE.

JANUARY 20m.





60 sows bred for spring furrow. If you want the best.

attend my sale as I have the best. in the state.





WM. WAFFLE, Goldwater, Michigan.





 





! —th Bl - '

Butler 3 Famous Wonders “.3. “5.5329. 021m:

grow big. because they have been bred big for ii)

years. Some great Sept. pigs ready for aervicc. Good

enough for any breeder. cheap enough for any farmer.

J C. BUTLER. Portland. Mich. Bell Phone.





I -—P. C. Bonn; ready for serri :e. f

Ba rga'ns boar ligs. Prize winning Alriczz‘ilzi

& Embdeu Geese. Z. K th‘l. Throt- ‘L‘aks. Mich.





POLAND=CHINAS‘§.§.‘;§‘ is'h‘i





spring pigs. WOOD dc SUNS. Saline. Michigan.





lARGE TYPE P C --L-:1rgest in Michigan. Se t.

_' 0 pigs weigh from 175 to



lbs.-—the_ herd Without an equal. combinin size



and quality. W. E. LIVINGSTON. Parnia. llr ich.





FOR SALE Skill} YORKSHIRE PIGS.





Price reasonnb e





MUHRAY-Wiitifiii' co. mu lllllllll, mcu.





Lillie Farmstead Yorkshures figinlwili

Oak'Lodge blood predominates. Large Herd. Three

sex-Vice boars. Pairs and trios. not akin. Boat-s ready

for service. A fine lot. of spring pigs. Giltu bred for

August furrow. The best hofi on earth. Satisfaction

guaranteed. COLON C. LIL IE. Coopersville. Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





~r.-a .
w... <





 





 





 





' APRIL 15, 1911.





E ‘ THE 1)“le





 





}

MAW—AAA.“

CONDUCTED BY COLON C. LILLIE.





 





DAIRY BY-PRODUCTS.





 





(Address delivered by the editor of this

department before the annual meeting'of

the Michigan State Dairymen’s Assoma-

tion at Bay City).



Dairy b'y-products may be considered

under three heads: First, the by-products

of the dairyman or dairy farm. Second,

the by-products of the creamery. Third,

the by—products of the cheese factory.



Skim-Milk. ,



0n the Michigan dairy farm today .I'e

greatest by-product of the dairy is skim-

milk. About 10 or 15 years ago in most

localities the milk was hauled to the

creamery and skimmed there and the

skim-milk sent back. Today the major-

ity of the milk is skimmed upon the farm

and the cream is sent to the creamery,

and I think the majority of farmers will

agree that the skim-milk produced upon

the farm is of greater value than that

produced in the creamery. He can feed

it with less waste. He is sure that when

he skims his milk upon his own farm

that he is not spreading disease, -nor hav-

ing disease introduced into his own herd

from the skim-milk from diseased herds.

The practice of using the hand separator

upon the farm in my judgment has done

much to prevent the spreading of con-

tagious diseases.



Various estimates have been placed up-

on the value of skim-milk. One man will

tell you that it is worth 20 cents per

hundred, another man will tell you that

it is worth 30 cents, and still others have

put the feeding value of skim-milk as

high as 50 cents per hundred pounds.

Really, the value of skim-milk depends

upon the value of the animal to which it

is fed and also upon the method of feed-

ing. If one is growing registered calves

or pure—bred pigs he can figure that

skim-milk is very valuable if he figures

that the extra price which he gets for

registered stock is due to skim-milk. This,

however, is not a reasonable way of fig—

uring. The value of skim-milk should be

determined by comparing it with other

foods as a basis. Skim-milk is not a

balanced ration. The nutritive ratio is

narrow, or the proportion of protein to

carbohydrates is as one to two, which is

a. narrower ration than is needed even

for young and growing animals, conse-

quently in order to get the greatest feed—

ing value out of skim-"milk it must be fed

with some other food that is richer in

carbohydrates than the skim-milk, and

here is where the average farmer makes

a great mistake. Ile does not take pains

enough to mix other foods with skim-

milk.



Skim-Milk for Pigs.



If you feed pigs upon skim-milk alone

you will not get satisfactory results. If

you will feed skim-milk in connection

with corn you can get better results than

you can if you feed either one alone,

simply because both of them fed alone

are an unbalanced food, and when mixed

together you can make a balanced food.

Science and practice both show that

skim-milk should be fed growing fatten-

ing pigs in about the proportion of 1 lb.

of corn to 3 lbs. of skim—milk. In this

way we get very nearly a balanced ra-

tion and get the largest per cent of as-

similation from the two foods.



Skim-milk for Calves.



“'hen we feed skim-milk to calves of

course we cannot feed corn as well as

we can when it is fed to pigs because the

corn does not mix in the ration for the

calves as well, so some other food must

be selected which will take the place of

the corn. Experiments have been made

with a great many different foods, but

pure flaxseed meal is the ideal food to

feed in connection with skim-milk. This

food contains about 30 per cent of fat

and when a small amount of it is mixed

with the skim-milk it balances up the

ration by taking the place of the fat

originally in the milk and a question

arises, how much fiaxsced ought to be

fed to a calf in connection with the skim-

Inilk. It doesn‘t take so very much of it.

Better results will be obtained if the

flaxseed is cooked and made into gruel.

A pint of ilaxsecd meal will make two

gallons of gruel and a gill or more of the

gruel is a sufficient amount to put into

the milk for each calf at a feed. When

fed in connection with fiaxseed meal

gruel, skim—milk makes a balanced ra-

tion and is a most excellent and valuable

fOOd for young growing calves, but on the

other hand, if it is fed alone it is a poor





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





food and makes unthrifty calves. If fed

alone for any considerable length of time

and fed liberally indigestion is almost sure

to be the result.



By-products of the Creamery.



The by-products of the creamery are

buttermilk and sometimes skim-milk, but

it is rare now that the average creamery

has any skim—milk to dispose of as a

by-product. The farmers are beginning

to think so much of skim-milk that it is

returned to the .farms. The creamery,

however, has a by-product in the form

of buttermilk which is valuable if it can

be properly disposed of. The feeding val—

ue of buttermilk is almost identical with

that of skim—milk. It is worth all the

way from 20 cents per hundred lbs. to

50 cents per hundred lbs., depending upon





what food it is fed with and to what class‘





of animals it is fed. W'ith many cream-

eries the buttermilk is almost an entire

loss. In many instances it is sold to some

nearby farmer for a mere pittance, a few

cents a hundred usually. I have known

instances where buttermilk was given to

a person if he would only remove it from

the creamery and get it out of the way.

Other instances are on record where

creameries get five and 10 cents per

hundred lbs., not one-half of its feeding





‘ value.





Other creameries have gone into the

hog feeding business for the purpose of

disposing of their buttermilk. By prop—

erly mixing corn with the buttermilk it

is equal to skim-milk and its full feeding

value which is at least 20 cents per hun-

dred lbs. can be obtained.



“'here the creamery is located in a city

or near a large town, with a little effort

on the part of the creamery management,

a good trade can be worked up in butter-

milk in the city for human food. It is,

indeed, a valuable food, not only from the

standpoint of the food nutriment which

it contains, but buttermilk is a valuable

food when it is considered from a health

standpoint. The modern creamery today

pasteurizes the ' cream, destroying all

germs, and then a pure culture starter is

introduced to ripen the cream, conse—

quently the buttermilk contains the pure

culture or lactic acid bacteria. The best

medical authorities advise buttermilk as

a diet for a great many people. The in—

troduction into the elementary canal of

lactic acid bacteria is beneficial to health

because, being introduced in large quan-

tities these bacteria overcome the bac—

teria that naturally inhabit the elemen-

tary canal and which are detrimental to

health, and the growing habit of consum—

ing buttermilk from this standpoint is one

to be commended and encouraged.



It seems to me that a creamery located

within a marketable distance of a good-

sized town ought to go to some consider-

able expense to place this by—product of

buttermilk upon the market in a satis-





factory and sanitary condition. I believe

buttermilk should be bottled and sold

just the same as sweet milk. I don’t be-





lieve it ought to be handled in an open

can in bulk any more than sweet milk

should, and it seems to me that if people

understood about these things they would

be willing to pay a better price for bot-

tled buttermilk than they would for but-

termilk- sold in bulk. I believe an excel-

lent trade can be worked up in any town

with this product if it is only placed be-

fore the consumer in the proper light. It

might take some advertising in order to

make the people understand its true value

but just as soon as they do they will be

willing to pay a better price for the bet-

ter product.





The Iowa Experiment Station has

brought out a new buttermilk product

which they call “Lacto.” It is simply





buttermilk with added cream, flavoring,

etC., and frozen and served after the

manner of ice cream.



Cottage Cheese.



“'here a creamery has skim-milk as a

by-product large amounts of it can be

disposed of if it is made into cottage

cheese, and cottage cheese can be made

from buttermilk as well as skim-milk.

lndeed, some people prefer cottage cheese

made from buttermilk to that made from

skim—milk. It is finer grained and is

certainly more sanitary for the cream

being pasteurized before churning and

having a pure culture added, should be

more free from undesirable bacteria.

\Yhen people come to fully understand

the food value of cottage cheese and its

health producing properties much more

of it will be consumed in place of higher

priced animal products. The consumption

of cottage cheese made from buttermilk

will help a man’s pocketbook and his

stomach at the same time.



After the curd has been removed from

buttermilk to make cottage cheese the





 





 





 





 





 





 





(9) 441 V





 





“MEN who KNOW”





USE THE





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Does it not mean a great deal to YOU, the prospective

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Prof. W. H. Caldwell, Sec’y Am. Guernsey Cattle Club



U. S. Senator Knute Nelson, of Minnesota





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845 Galloway Station, Warm-loo, Iowa
I

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THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





whey can be frozen after flavoring to suit

the taste, and made into a most delicious

ice.



By-products of the Cheese Factory.



The by-product of the cheese factory

is whey. Some people consider whey of

little value as a food product for any kind

of animals but in this they are mistaken.

Vthy has quite a considerable food val-

ue. Indeed. experiments show that whey

is worth at least one-half as much as

skim-milk when fed to growing pigs or

to growing calves. I will admit that a.

great many peopledo not get very much

value out of whey but it is because they

,do not feed it as they ought to. This

question of balancing a food seems to be

one that is not readily understood by ev-

erybody and yet it is a very simple mat-

ter. Now, while in the case of skim-

milk you remove the fat and leave the

nitrogenous part of the product, making

a food which has a narrow nutritive ra-

tio. the result withv‘hey is r ictly the

reverse, you extract from the milk the

nitrogenous part but when cheese is made

this part is used and some of the fat is

left, leaving a food that has a wide nutri—

tive ratio, that is, it has carbohydrates

in excess of the protein, and is therefore,

an unbalanced food, but unbalanced from

ll. different standpoint. It contains more

carbohydrates than it should contain in

proportion to the protein, while skim-

iuilk contains more protein than it should

in ‘proportion to the carbohydrates. Now,

with either one of these products. in or-

der to get the greatest feeding value out

of it. other foods must be supplemented.

In the case of skim—milk you want to

feed :1 food rich in fut, but with Whey

which already contains an excess of car-

bobytli‘utes we should feed a food that is

iricli ill protein. consequently a food like

loll mc'il would be most excellent to feed

Of course. oll





 





 





 





in connection with whey.





meal is a lil‘ii.llll'l taken from llaxsceil

but in this llic Iluxseel has been ground

and the fut l'llxi‘ll oil to make the com-

mercial oil of ('tt'lllilt'l‘i‘e and the icsillue

of that [ml‘ii-tli oi‘ the iluxsccd which is

rich in protein. l‘t'fll’llll‘4. Now this would

not be the kiul of fowl {it all to feed in

connection w1t‘n slink—milk, but is just





the Sort of food to (cczi in connection

with whey to make ll balanced ru-

tioii. \\"hcn \xbcy is fell in connection

,with a food like this it is :1 valuable food

land well worth saving. \Vhile skim-milk





 





- land corn makes 21 most excellent balanced





ration for pigs. whey and corn do not

make a balanced ration and some food

should be fed in connection with it, like

oil meal or tankage. or gluten feed. or

buckwheat middlings. which are rich in

protein. They will narrow the nutritive

ratio and make a balanced feed for grow-

ing animals.



Competition is such in almost any kind

of business today that one must look'

.after the by-prcducts of that business

carefully and get all out of them that he

,<.‘:lll. It is said that the big packers: in

1‘ Chicago would make little or no profit in

handling meat if it were not for the by-

products. The packers agree that fer-

tilizer, bristles, hair, and all of the by-

products of the slaughter house are prac—

tically clear gain and go to make up quite

a. portion of the profits of the business.

And so in the dairy business, competition

is keen and one should get the most out

of the by-products if they expect to make

very large legitimate profits in the busi-

ness.



Stable Manure as a By-product of the

Dairy Farm.



The most universal by-product of the

dairy farm is the stable manure resulting

from keeping dairy cows and the neces—

sary young stock. This is not usually

considei'cd in discussing this topic and

‘yet it seems to me that it properly be-

longs under the head of dairy by-pro-

ducts. Certainly it belongs under the

head of dairy farming by-products. It

swould aISo be a lot-product which would

ibe universal and apply to all farms.

Scientific men have made various esti-

mates of the value of the manure pro-

duced by a cow in a year. They figured

the value of the nitrogen, phospl’iOI‘lC acid,

and potash produced at market prices.

Some of them haVc lolcl us that the mo.-

nure from a dairy cow would amount to

as much as $3.? per year if we had to buy

these fertilizer ingredients in the open

market in the form of commercial ferti-

lizer. Of course, we practical dalrymcn

I know very well that the immediate bene-

fit, at least, of the result from manure

from keeping a dairy cow does not

amount to $25 per year. Vl'e realize, how-

ever, that there is much benefit to a dairy

farmer from this product, and whether it

is worth $25 per year or not. we know

that dairy farms, as a general thing. are





 





 





 





getting better every year. The crop pro-

ducing power of it increases arid lt‘comes

largely from the fact thzit the crops pro-

duced upon the farm are fed out upon

the farm, and the manure drawn to thel

fields, thus keeping the soil filled withi

organic matter, which is one of the very:

essential things in building up, improving.

and maintaining fertility. A casual ob-j

server can tell in almost any communityi

who are the dairyyfarmers. The grainl

farm is gradually getting poorer every“

year while, as a general thing, the dairy"

farm is getting better. ;



The proper way to apply manure is to

remove it from the stable directly to the?

field and Spread it. The opinion is grow-j

ing that the nearer the surface we keep‘

this manure the greater benefit we are

going to get from it, therefore, top-dress"

all you can. In some instances it is not?

practical to top-dress: for instance, if'

the manure contains too much course

material, as straw and shredded corn"

fodder. And then again. on heavy cluyi

it may be advisable to plow the manure

down for the effect it will have on the

physi‘al condition of the soil, making it;

more mellow and friable. 1





l





GETTING THE CO‘NS ON PASTURE.





It will soon be time for the cows to go

onto pasture. There is no more healthy

place for the animals than in the field.‘

There conditions are ideal for producing.

the best and purest milk. Hence, it is‘

well to avail the animals of the open-air

opportunity as soon {is possible: but we.

should not forget that the pasture can—

not give a maximum of forage if the ani-

mals come onto it before it has sufficient

start. The advantage of having pasture

plots where the cows can go on one for

a few days and are then transferred to

another to allow the first to securelat

start before again eaten down, is ap-

parent as it gives the animals the ad—;

vantage of earliness in the field.



The grass should also be supplemented

with a grain ration. A comparatively

smnll number of farmers practice this;

additional feeding: but of those who do1

it is ditlicult to find one who does not dc—t

clun- that cost of the feed so allowed is

well invested. The animals are being

called upon for an abnormal demand

where they are producing large flows of,

milk. To meet this enlarged demand

requircs more than the normal amount

of feed. The animals in the wild state

prosper on grass alone, but there only

normal requirements were asked of them.

To produce three. four and fiive times

her weight ii: milk in the course of a

your means that the cow is workingi

hard. and that she must have substantiall

food to keep her going. It is, therefore,:

wise and economical to continue the grain7

ruiinn when the animals go onto grass.‘



Another point. to consider is to intro-i

duce the cows to pasture gradually. Doi

not allow them the temptation to fill up

completely on grass after having full ra-

tions of [ll'cst-t‘vctl food. It will put them

out of condition for a time and the loss





APRIL 15, 1911.





 





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No. 1:32 (1‘5 '





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THE SHARPLES SEPARATOR C0.

WEST OIIESTER. I‘A.

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will come {it the milk pail. Go slow, let

them pick along the roadside a few even-

ings. or mornings, or in the pasture lot,

give them full pasture freedom only af-

tcr their bodies have been accustomed to1

the change.



INCREASE IN OLEOMARGARINE CON-



SUMPTION.





The production of oloomargarine in-

creased from 92.281.913 pounds in 1.009 to“

139.755.426 pounds in lQlO. Of this latter

amount 3,191,978 pounds were taxed at,

ten cents per pound. It will thus be notedE

that over 97 per cent of all the oleomar-‘i

garine manufactured during the last firs--

czil your ww: lliXi‘ll at. only one-fourth.

cent per pound. These figures are issued

by the federal interim! revenue commis—

sioner and are authentic. They clearly

demonstrate the loci that the oleomar-

gurine working under

Such a burdcn ilS nuiny people think.

l’cople llLth‘ heard so much about the ten

cent tax on urtititiuliy colored oleomur-r

gal-inc that they have nuturally associat-

ed this tux with all olcmnargzirine.



As a matter of fact. less than three per

cent of the total product is: taxed at ten:

cents per pound, the t'cn’ioinder being

taxed only a quarter of :1 cent per pound.



An effort will probably ltc made by the

olcomargarine manufacturers to secure

the repeal of the ten cent tux. These

statistics indicate that the claims ad-

vanced that the present law is a “burden

upon the poor man because it taxes his

butter ten cents per pound” is not found-

ed upon fact.



Minnesota.





business is not





E. K. SLATER.





 





 





‘Sll PERIOR

SANITARY

0 11 ll 11 11 5





Will not absorb mois-

ture. therefore are sani-

tgiry. Barrel is Finest

blazed Stoneware. Top

l:-l heavy clear glass.

healing Blair is llubhcr.

Cilll be removed and

washed. Bearings

are steel and churn

moves on wheels.

Cost more and worth

more than other

churns. Easily oper-

ated and cleaned.



See your hardware

dealer or write





Superior Churn {a Mfg. Co.

Northville, Michigan, Dept. A.





—Dairymen '3‘: l3?





 

 

 

 





 





DRIED BEET PULP





. this year. You can not lose but‘you will profit by doing

’ 5.. Used by many of the best feeders of the state who





iiud it a valuable teed. selling below it's true feeding

value as compared to the. other feeds and grain.

Cheaper. and gives better results than bran for

which it is substituted by the best diiirymeu.

Forms :1 Viiluubloaddition tonny ration. being regs.





_ table the niechunicul ellect is good which causes as





potter assimilutiou of the other feeds.



Especially 800d with cotton seed meal as it counter-

acts the objectinnal features 01“)th feed.



Dried Beet Pulp will cheapen any ration. Substitute

it for a portion of the ration you use and you will

secure better results in both production and improve-

ment in the health of your animals.



Call on your dealer. if he cannot supply you write





T. F. MARSTON.





Center St. Bay City. Mich.

Ilchloan Broker tor the Manufacturers. ‘





BALVE mus: W‘smxr'ragur m“.





I 0

J. I. IARTLITT. 60.. Jookoon. “It'l-





 





-:‘..V|,x:’;q~i ...~





»
r;





 





. shrink in spite of the best of care.





 





APRIL 15, 1911. .





NEW MILCH COWS AND THEIR

CARE.





 





If we are to get much profit from the

dairy we must have good cows, and these

cows must be cared for properly. What

some men consider good care for the

dairy cow others would consider little

short of abusive.



There is more profit in keeping thor-

oughbred stock than in grades, not al-

ways in the amount of butter-fat pro-

duced, for some grades are first-class

producers, but the surplus stock com-

mands a better price. An extra fine ani-

mal will bring a fancy price, and the

scale of productiveness in a herd of any

size is usually greater; then there is a

certain gratification in owning a thor-

oughbred herd, that is worth a good deal

to a man. If he feels proud of his herd

he will give them better care, and be-

cause of this gets better returns from it.





Cows that freshen in the fall give a

greater amount of milk in the year than

those that freshen in spring. There are

two very sensible reasons for this} The

cow that has run in pasture all summer,

where green feed, fresh air and water

and contact with the soil are the condi-

tions, will, having lived for months in, a

natural way, be in perfect condition to

freshen easily and rightly. October is the

ideal month. Frosts have killed the flies,

there is an abundance of fall feed, corn

fodder, etc., to make a large secretion of

milk, and the few weeks of out—door pas-

ture bring her to the barn in fine physical

condition, where if she is properly fed

and cared for, she will keep up a good

milk flow until fly time and dry pasture

of the next summer. At this time she

should be dried off. I am not at all

averse to cows freshening in September.

My plan is to breed in December, and

the herd will usually all drop their calves

in September and October.





The spring cow does well until about

July, then the feed begins to dry and the

flies begin to pester her, and she will

It is

hard to bring up the flow again in the

fall and there is loss by shrinkage

through two or three months—then she

goes dry when prices are high in winter.

A cow should go dry a month or six

weeks. There is no gain in milking up

to the time of freshening. It weakens

the calf and the first month’s milk will

not be so large in quantity. In fact, I

do not think she.will do quite so well at

any time during the following period of

lactation.



A cow to do her best needs to be in

the very best possible physical condition

at time of freshening. She should not be

fat, but in strong, muscular health. It

is a mistake to shorten the feed of dry

cows. As neither butter-fat nor flesh

fat is desired, feed bran or bran and oats,

or shorts, a good liberal feed, that she

may store up energy for next season’s

work. A dry cow, it is said, will add from

100 to 150 lbs. to her Weight before fresh-





ening. The first three or four weeks’

milking will reduce her to her normal

weight again. During this time the





amount of concentrates should run from

a Very small ration at first to the maxi-

mum ration at the last of this period.

Bran, shorts and oats should take the

place of heavier feeds until the cow is

normal again. This does away in part

with danger of garget, milk fever, etc.

A cow, more particularly the high-bred

cow, should have much attention at

freshening time. Provide her a roomy

stall, well bedded, where she can turn

about at her ease. She enjoys being

groomed and petted, and she is the bet-

ter if given this attention. The quieter,

happier and more contented she is the

more and better milk she will secrete.

There is much brutality among dairy-

men when their cows freshen. Many are

alone tied by the head in the stable.

They cannot reach the calf to give it the

attention it needs, perhaps it runs bawl-

ing behind the other cows, is kicked and

hurt. Few stables are warm enough so

but that a calf will chill, often die if its

mother cannot reach it. I have seen

cows nearly frantic when in such situa-

tions. I have also seen them have serious

trouble simply from lying on the stable

floor overhanging the gutter. Besides

being cruel it is a mistaken policy. No

cow will do as well as she would if made

comfortable, in a quiet place where she

could love and lick her baby at her own

sweet will. When removing the calf do

so without making disturbance. If she

does not see or hear it go she will be less

affected by it, and if fed and petted by

the hand that milks her she will give

down her milk readily. Never make your





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





cows afraid of you. The more affection

they have for you the more milk they

will give you. They will do their best,

which they will not do if they are excited

by fear or in any other manner. It is

better to leave the cow by herself a few

days. There is a feverish condition of

the udder for several days. She will be

thirsty and should be given plenty of

drink, with the chill taken off, if it be

cold weather. A slop made of ground

oats-and bran, scalded and cooled, is

cooling and helpful to the flow of milk.

Many cows relish a tea made of some bit-

ter herb. It is customary among many

farmers to scald a handful of tansy, or

thoroughwort (boneset) with some ground

oats or bran, reduce to a thin gruel and

give at blood heat as soon as the calf is

dropped. This certainly is harmless and

has a tonic effect on the digestive or-

gans. It is claimed that oats and tansy

have an effect on the generative organs

to put them in good condition quickly.

It has the merit of being cheap and eas-

ily obtained, and those who use it believe

it saves veterinary bills.



Cows fed morning and evening do bet-

ter than those fed three times daily. As

they chew their food over, they must

have time between meals to digest food

eaten. There is quite as much in the

care and kindness in the treatment of a

dairy cow as there is in the much talked

of balanced ration. It takes both to cause

her to do her best.





Vermont. H. S. HUNT.





FEEDING THE DAIRY COW

SUMMER.





IN THE





 





 





In the past winter feeding was the

problem. During the summer months the

cows ran in the fallow or the woods and

practically took care of themselves and

found their own rations. But with the

increase in the number of cows and the

decrease in the amount of ground in fal—

lows and woods this is now impossible

and the farmer finds that while his sil-

age, clover hay, cornstalks, grain and

other feeds are abundant for the cold

months, it is difficult to keep the animals

doing their best during the summer.

There are two supplemental

that are followed and the

should now have the matter

he wishes to follow either.



One method is to grow forage crops,

such as peas and oats and feed green by;

cutting and hauling to the yard where

the animals consume them without cur-

ing. This method is usually employed

where the amount of land is very limited

and it is necessary to produce a large

amount of material on a small area. As

soon as a crop is removed the ground is

again sown to produce more forage for

feeding later in the summer. The amount

of substance taken from an acre of land

will astonish the inexperienced» The

large quantity of manure made to put

back on the land keeps it in the highest

tilth and consequently works to secure

the maximum of growth in the plants.



The method of summer feeding that is

becoming most popular, however, and

which is best adapted to the farmer un-

der ordinary circumstances is to put up

silage for the warm months. This is

done the same as where the corn is en-

silaged for winter feeding. Usually one

has an extra silo for containing the sum-

mer’s allowance, but this is not neces-

sary. It is more important that the area

of the silo be sufficiently small to allow

of feeding fast enough that the silage

will not spoil and thereby reduce its value

and palatability.



The advantage of this plan over the

first mentioned above is that the work

is practically done in the fall when the

silo is filled. During the rush of the

summer’s duties the farmer is not trou-

bled with fitting ground ‘for another

sowing, cutting a few hundred pounds of

green fodder and hauling to the feed lot,

all that is required is to get the silage

from the silo to the manger and the cows

do the rest. There are conditions where

the silo could not be used, no doubt, and

when such circumstances prevail then

the other method can be followed; but

usually those conditions do not obtain on

the farm and therefore it is the farmers

who are making the most from silos, both

for winter and summer feeding.

.Additional corn and perhaps additional

$110 room may be required to follow the

scheme. It is the proper time to plan on

these things just now. This summer or

next fall will be too late if you desire the

feed next summer. Forage crops will

furnish you this summer if you have no

other source from which to get feeds to

supply the dairy herd.



Wayne Co.





 





A. H.





 





443





(11)





 





A Good Judge of Cows





is likely to be a good judge of a cream separator. The

same quality of brains that enables a man to breed high-

class dairy cattle, leads him to buy the best cream separator.





It is worth noting that the man who produced the

\Vorld’s Record Holstein cow.



COLANTHA 4TH’S JOHANNA,



has a United Stat-es Cream Separator. This man is



\V. J. Gillette, of Rosendale, Wis.



And do you know that the owner of



JACOBA IRENE,



the great. record-breaking Jersey Cow, is owned . by



A. 'O. Autcn, of Jerscyville, 111., who uses the United



States Separator on his farm?



Also the owners of the wonderful,$10, 000 Guernsey COW



YEKSA SUNBEAM,



the Reitbrock estate, of Helendalc Farms at Athens, VVis.,



use four United States Separators on their farms.

TWILIGHT LONAN,



Chas. L. Hill of Rosendale, \Vis., owner of the cele-

brated Guernsey cow Twilight Lonan uses a United States

Cream Separator on his farm.



LORETTA D.



F. H. Scribner, of Rosendale, “’is., who developed

the celebrated Jersey cow Loretta 1)., and who is one of

the greatest Jersey breeders of the country, uses a United

States (il‘t‘alli Separator. '



If the United States Separator is the separator for

these business men and thousands of others, leaders of the

dairy world, why not for you? These experts—men who

know and dowrequire the use of a separator which slums

closest, washes easiest,runs easxest, and wears longest.



This is the reason they all choose the United States

Separator.



The United States Separator holds \Vorld’s Record

therefore is the VVorld’s Standard Separator.





Vermont Farm Machine Co., Bellows Falls, Vermont.





Distributing Warehouses in all Dairy Sections.





   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 





 





mm Let Galloway Save You $25.00

, to $40. 00 on a Manure Spreader





If you'll send a postal for my Special 1911 Spreader Offer, I believe

If we do. you'llsave atlea st $25.00, perhaps $40.00.

And you get a free trial and a





we can make a deal.

according to size and style you want.

guarantee that would break me if my Spreader wasn't rig/2!. I know I

have to go lug/z 072 quality and low on price. because I sell by mail. The

; other fellow is right on the ground to [icrsmII/c you personally. My qua/[ily

and price has to do all mypersuading. Let me try it. Our capacity is 42,000





spreadch this year in order Prices, $39.50 up. Freight

‘ . , Paid





 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 

 





to quote the low prices

I (lo—30 to 365 days free





   





 





 

   





trial and my long ‘i, ‘ i

1, time binding guar‘ . ~ " —

antce in writing.





$25.00 to $40.00 saved—think of it!

That's fair. isn't it? If you can

think of a fairer proposition than I’I.

make you, I'll print it in my next

advertisement.



Get your pencil or pen right now, and send

me a postal for my big Spreader Book, showin _

5 styles and sizes, from $39.50 up. I'llsend the

book free and a proposition that will make you do

some tall thinking whether you buy from me or not. Address



WM. GALLOWAY, Pres" THE WM. GALLOWAY 00.,

649 Galloway Sta... Waterloo. Iowa.





   

 

   

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 





   





Postal





 





 

 





   

 





 





 





One Man Can Mall. 300 to 600 Perfect Tile a Day





WP? HRHERS’ GEIEIIT TILE IIGI'IIIIE





It I cost of $3 to $5 per 1000. The only farm tile machine that does not;





re uire hand tamping; the only farmers’ machine operated by eith-

er(l1and or power. Machine makes 3, 4, 5 6 and 8 inch tile, 121/4 inches

long. tOlulr PatenNng mater-{goofltFLEXIBLB dASING holds tile in perfect

shape i set. 0 l cts. a er n‘vs



10 days’ trial it does not meet '0 REE TRI‘L

with entire satisfaction, return at our expense. e price of the ma-

chine will be saved in making your first 2000 tile. Can You Afford to Be

Without It? Write today for illustrated catalogue.





FARMERS’ CEMENT TILE MACHINE C0..

Box 307 St. Johns. Michigan.





 





 





There's danger In buying or building a lilo until you are fully informed on the silo ueation. The

right silo means doublin your (101 are in profits from milk, butter and Itock flesh. quu can't

afford to make a mistake. on't be confused by all the disputes and arguments

over materials and construction. Use our big stock of proved information. The





has beenin theailo munufa urin u i-

Farmers Handy wagon co. 11858 for many years, Wgth g b 3'

thousandl of silos that are now giving satisfaction; we have letters from thousands of farmer-—

- stock raiaers—duirymen. This information is your: for the siting. Write us today. With our pet-

Ionul letter we will send you our famous Silo Book. illustrating lilos part by part. Judge for





your-alt. Your lilo in an investment. It should but you for years. let us tell you all about , "





2131“” “I“ do“ “mix t mse will: Pr! wmnnwmn 811.0 mui 12

toss a 01' Dec coon R :

FARMERS H‘NDV WAGON OOHPINV. STATION 96, SAOIN‘W. MICHIGAN /





Branch»: Western Pcty., Stu. ”,Du Moineu. In. Northwestern Fcty.. St... W, Minneapolil, Minn. . A ' 3





 





When you are Writing to Advertisers

please Mention the Michigan Farmer





.933»
\





444





(12)?





The Michigan Farmer





ESTABLISHED 1843.





Till-Z LAWRENCE PUBLISHING (20.,

' muons AND'PROPRIEI‘ORS.





39 to 45 Congress Street West. Detroit. Ilchlan.

Tennyson Man 46%.

Kim Yonx Onion—41 Park Row.

CHICAGO OFFICE—600 First Net'l. Bank Buildi .

CLEVELAND Onset—10114015 reoon Ave. N. . . ’

Guru) RAPIDS OFFICE—5 it 6 New HawkinslBuilding.





M. J. LAWRENCE... ...... President.

. L. LAWRENCE... Vice-President.

E. H. HOUGHTON . . .. .. .Sec.-Treas.





   

 

 

 





K





 





 





I. B. WATERBUHY... ..............



0. E. YOUNG .......... ................ Associate

BURT WERMUTH ......................... .. Editors.



ALTA LAWSON LITTELL ..................



E. H. HOUGHTON ...... .. .......... Business Manager





 





TERMS OF. SUBSCRIPTION:





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Three Years, 156 Copies, Postpaid . . . . . . . .3200

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Six Months. 26 copies, postpaid..................

Canadian subscriptions so cents e was extra for postage.





Always send money by draft. postoflioe money order.

registered letter or by expreu. We will not be re-

sponsible for money sent In letters. Address all con-

nunications to, and make all drafts, checks and poet-

oflce orders payable to. the Lawrence Publishing 00.





RATES OF ADVERTISING:



0 cents perline agate measurement. or.$5.60 per

inch. each insertion. with reasonable discount on

orders amounting to 4824 or over. No adv t inserted

for less than $1.20 per insertion. . _



II? No lottery:11 quack doctor or swxndling adver-

tisements inserte at any price. _ .



Entered as second class matter at the Detroxt. Michi-

gan postcflice.





COPYRIGHT I9“

'3 the Lawrence Pub. Co. All persons are warned

against reprinting any portion of the contents of

this issue without our written permission.





 





 





WE GUARANTEE to stop THE

MICHIGAN FARMER immediately

upon expiration of time subscribed

for, and we will pay all expenses for

defending any suit, brought against

any subscriber to The Michigan

Farmer by the publisher of any farm

paper, which has been sent after the

time ordered has expired, providing

due notice is sent to us, before suit

is started. .



Avoid further trouble by refusing

to subscribe for any farm paper

which dees not print, in each issue,

a definite guarantee to stop on expir-

ation of subscription.



The Lawrence Pub. 00.,



DetrOit, Mich.





 





 





DETROIT. APIL l5, ion.





 





CURRENT COMMENT.-





Our views regard-

ing the Canadian

Reciprocity a-

greement, upon

the adoption of which President Taft is in-

sistent and for which purpose he has as-

sembled congress in special session, have

been fully and clearly stated during the

past two months. But with the question

before congress for final action at this

time, we cannot refrain from refreshing

the minds of our readers on the points

brought out and reviewing briefly the

administration's arguments as addressed

to the farmers of the country.



We have assumed, and we believe with

reason, that the farmers of the country

would not have seriously objccied to free

trade with Canada, or to an equable re-

duction of duties all along the line, but

the placing of all farm products in the

free list, while duties are rcluined on

practically all manufactured products, is

an unjust and unwarrantablc discrimina—

tion against the industry which is the

basis of our national prosperity. for which

reason this proposcd treaty is obnoxious

to practically every farmer, regardless of

his political affiliations or personal vicws

regarding the policy of a protective tar-

iff or that of practical free trade.



The effect of its ratification would be

to indefinitely prolong the period in which

our farmers will be compelled to take the

world price, less the cost of transporta-

tion, for their products, while they are

Compelled to pay the world price. plus cost

of transportation and all or a large pro-

portion of the tariff premium, for the

products which ihcy have to buy. Then,

the history of our country has shown that

with the continued opening up of cheap

lands for settlement, especially where

these have been prairie lands rich in vir-

gin fertility and easily subdued as is the

case with a vast area of the compara-

tively cheap Canadian lands, the products

of our older lands suffer from the compe-

tition and the lands themselves are low-

ered in value. History may be expected

to repeat itself in this case if the reci-

procity agreement is ratified. This re-

sult would be far reaching in its effect,

since the intelligent body of American

farmers would not submit gracefully to

this one-sided application of free trade.

and the resulting agitation would cer-

involve our national prosperity,





Reciprocity Arguments

Summarized.





tainly





'1:

.-





zv. .

.3. .





THE MICHIGAN ‘FARMER;





even if the reduction of the purchasing

power of our farmers, who are the largest

buyers of American manufactured pro-

ducts, did not at once bring about this

result.



Among the arguments advanced infa-

vor of this agreement is the contention

that we need the added resources of Can-

ada to provide food for our people. This

we have shown to be erroneous by the

publication of official statistics showing

that the production of all staple food-

stuffs in the United States has steadily

increased in proportion to our population

in recent years. We are producing more

per capita-as well as more per acre than

ever before. Undoubtedly the general

agitation of the increased cost of living

was a. contributing factor in the making

of this agreement, and the claim has been

made that it would reduce the cost of

living, but would not hurt the farmers.

N0 thinking man could reconcile these

arguments. “'e believe that it would

do just the opposite by proving detri-

mental to our farmers, without mate-

rially reducing the cost of living by in-

creasing the profits of traders and mid-

dlemen who are in the business of dis-

tributing food products. Nor will any

who have studied the question assume

that the farmers of the United States are

getting exorbitant prices for their pro-

ducts at the present time. Every one of

our readers knows this is not the case,

and the consumer Who desires enlighten-

ment on this point can easily get it from

the current market reports published in

any paper that he reads.



Among the other administration argu-

ments which have been mentioned in re-

cent issues are the claims that our cattle

feeders would be benefited by the oppor—

tuniiy to secure “thin cattle" from Can-

ada to be fattened on their corn, and that

our dairymen would be benefited rather

than otherwise by the free interchange of

dairy products between the two countries.



These arguments were both mentioned

and refuted in recent issues of The

Farmer, the latter by statistics show-

ing-the value of cream imported from

Canada undcr the reduced duty imposed

by the Payne tariff law. In the adminis-

tration arguments addressed to the farm-

ers of the country, contained in senate

document No. 862, of the Glst congress,

it is admitted that this reduction of duty

caused the importation of cream from

Canada. to the value of $578,000. These

figures are followed by the statement,

“Nevertheless, no inconvenience and no

drop-in prices was felt by the dairymen

in the United States, while the whole

dairy business was kept in a stable con-

dition.” Without entering into a discus-

sion of the possible effect of this in-

creased importation of cream from Can.-

ada last year, or considering the probable

effect of the free importation of all kinds

of dairy products as contemplated by this

agreement, which we have previously

commented upon as above noted, this

statement ’is cited as an illustration of

the neglect of those who are responsible

for this agreement to study statistics of

production and market prices as carefully

as they should have done. The gross in«

accuracy of the statement above made

is easily proven by a reference to the

official quotation for butler as given out

by the Elgin Board of Trade for the cur-

rent week and for the corresponding

week last year. This official quotation

for butter on last Monday was 21 cents

per pound, while on the corresponding

Monday of last year the official quotation

from the same source was firm at 31

cents per pound. But notwithstanding

this shrinkage in butter values of more

than 32 per cent since one year ago. the

public is told in an official document that

“no drop in prices was felt by the dairy-

men in the United States.” Truly, there

is need for our statesmen to study easily

available statistics more closely before

they present such arguments to thinking

farmers.



There are included a few arguments in

the document above mentioned which

have not been covered by our previous

comments and which we cannot pass

without brief mention. The first of these

is the benefit which it is claimed will ac-

crue to our farmers from the placing of

grass and other seeds in the free list, by

enlarging their market for these products.

The facts are that: the Canadian govern—

ment protects purchasers of grass, clover

and other seeds through the Canadian

Seed Control Act, which provides a

standard of purity and quality for seeds

sold in the: Dominion with adequate ma-

chinery for inspection of seeds and the

enforcement of the law. The result of

the removal of the duty on seeds would

be to permit the marketing of impure





seeds and seeds of poor quality from“:





Canadian sources in our markets, where





no such protection exists, with the result

that our farms would be more generally

infested with undesirable weeds than they

are at present, while perhaps our more

choice seeds, of which we now haVe an

inadequate supply, might find their way

to Canadian markets to the detriment of

our farmers.



Another, and still more fallacious argu-

ment is advanced in the claim that our

potato growers.would be benefited by the

removal of the duty on potatoes, and sta-

tistics of movements of this .product

across the border last year are giv\en in

proof of the statement. The fact is that

we seldom send potatoes to Canada in any

amount, even when the price is very low

as it was last year, while we get com-

paratively, liberal supplies from Canada

whenever our price rises to a point which

does not make the duty prohibitive. This

is so well known 33: to require no reitera-

tion, the possibilities of Canada in this

line of production having been, commented

upon in previous issues.



Other arguments advanced in the same

document in the effort to show that'this

agreement would benefit the farmers of

the United States mention such products

as dried and canned vegetables and cot-

tonseed oil, all of which are manufac-

tures, from which the farmer's profit in

any increased trade would be small if not

infinitesimal.



This review is unnecessary so far as

the reader is concerned, except as it may

be the means of arousing him to make

a. last appeal to his congressman and

United States senators to oppose the rati-

fication of this obviously unfair agree-

ment. Assurances have come to us dur—

ing the past week that many prominent

senators are coming to see the injustice

of the terms of the proposed agreement,

and Well informed friends of our agricul-

tural industry at Washington believe that

if the farmers of the country, both indi-

vidually and through their organizations

will make a strong protest at once, the

agreement will never be adopted in its

present form. We trust that our readers,

both individually and collectively so far

as poss1ble, will make one more earnest

appeal for justice and equity in this mat-

ter, particularly to the United States sen-

ators from Michigan.





OUR LANSING LETTER.





Lansing, Mich, April 10.—-There is but

little prospect that the unit option bill,

which establishes cities, villages and

townships as the unit in local option, will

go through the legislature this session,

despite the several schemes which the

liquor men have engineered in an effort

to get the bin on its way. The last move

was to introduce the bill in the senate,

in the hope that a start could be made

with it in that house, but the prospects

of Success there are but little better than

in the house. One cause of ineffectual

work on the part of the liquor men, is

the suspicion which has been engendered

between the liquor men of Detroit and

those out in the state. The latter faction

are suspicions that the metropolis is

working to the end that the city may

enjoy the entire liquor trade of the state,

and while this is emphatically denied, it

has aroused a feeling which has resulted

in lack of the usual harmonious action

by all the liquor men of the state.



The Fowle bill which provides for a.

filing of 50 cents per $100 on mortgages,

has passed the senate and friends of the

measure assert it will gr through the

house without trouble. The house, by

suspending the rules placed the bill on

third reading, without reference to a

committee, that there might be no danger

of its receiving no consideration. It is con-

sidered one of the most important bills

of the session and Senator Fowle devoted

much care to drafting its provisions.



The total of appropriations in the house

promises to echd the amount of two

years ago. The ways and means com-

mittee has guarded budgets with care

and endeavored to pare amounts to the

limit, but pressure has been very strong

from all quarters of the state. The gen-

eral budget as reported out is for $2,060.-

000 for 1911 and $1,063,000 for 1912. In-

cluded in the amount is $750,000 to wipe

out the deficit and an emergency fund of

$200,000, with which the state can guard

against. contingencies. which often arise

to bother and disturb the state‘s finances

except there is some provision for them

in the budget.



The committee has allowed $280,000

for a new heating and power plant at the

university and $150,000 for a new audi-

torium at the Agricultural College. There

is also included in the budget the sum

of $60,000 for a science hall at the western

normal school. These are all the new

buildings of importance which have been

agreed to thus far, and it is probable

that no others will be allowed. The in-

creased cost of maintaining the institu-

tions, however, and the natural increase

in the cost of maintaining the govern-

ment, boost the total up to an amount

which will cause pretty careful scrutiny

in the executive office before they are

allowed. Gov. Osborn has announced

several times that he will not stand for

a dollar being appropriated more than is

absolutely necessary, and as he has the

authority under the new constitution to





 





u

1





APRIL, 15, 1911'. 7 3





eliminate items without Vetoing the en-

tire budget of an institution, no. definite

amount can-be stated until he has passed

upon the appropriation bills.



It is expected that extensive farms

will be provided for each of the prisons

of the state. A bill has passed the senate

to allow for the purchase of 600 acres

for Jackson prison and the other two

prisons will be similarly provided for. it

is expected, in view of the general un-

derstanding that the state’s policy is to

be changed towards the penal institutions

and the contract labor system abolished.

As many of the convicts as good judg-

ment warrants will be employed on the

farms and various industries will be es-

tablished to provide employment for the

remainder. Vl’arden Russell, of Mar—

quette, is here with a proposal that the

legislature appropriate $60,000 to buy the

box contract machinery at that prison. It

is claimed that this can readily be made

a. profitable investment.



In this final week there is to be a great-

rush for votes for bills, more of which are

before the house than in many years. The

great danger is that the two houses will

get mixed in a deadlock over some ap-

propriation bills in the closing days.

Many members fear the date, April 19,

is too early and regret that they were

easily persuaded to fix it before the end

of the work was better understood and

prepared for.



Members of the senate expect the ini-

tiative and referendum bills will go

through but doubht whether the recall

will have equal success. The senate is

not at all pleased with the house for hav-

ing passed that bill.



In all the confusion which has arisen

within the last week. Governor Osborn

has not interfered, announcing when

asked about matters that he hopes and

expects the legislature will give a good

account of itself. Despite the vigor with

which he urged numerous reforms the

executive has been content to leave most

of the members to their own devices and

he has declared the responsibility rests

upon the legislature as to the outcome.

There is little doubt that a special ses-

sion will be held later. The matter of

apportioning the congressional districts

will have to have attention and it is

probable there will be time for attention

to come to other matters at that time.





HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.





National.



Senator Martin, of Virginia, has been

selected leader of the democrats in the

United States senate.



An explosion in a. mine at Littleton,

Alabama, where convicts were employed

resulted in the loss of 128 men, most of

them being colored convicts.



The report of the naval department; re-

garding the recent practice of the sev-

eral war fleets show the efficiency of the

gunners to be much above the average,

as the conditions for target work were

made more stringent than heretofore. In

spite of the use of smaller taagets, their

difiicult positions and the extension of

ranges, the percentage of hits of all the

fleet is higher than for previous years.



It is becoming more apparent that the

special session of congress, now called,

will be a stormy one, since both of the

old parties are divided, making the out-

come of legislation very speculative. Each

of the divisions appear to be pulling in a

different direction, and in what manner

they will come together is a question.



A party of eminent doctors are making

an investigation of the effects of high

altitudes upon the human system. and

will live on Pike's Peak this summer for

a. stated period to carry out the experi—

ments. Among the important questions

for determination are the adjustment of

blood volume, heart action and breathing

under the influence of high atmospheric





conditions. Accurate data upon the mat-

ter is wanting.

It is reported that Attorney-general





\Vickersham, of the federal government,

will attend in person the prosecution of

the bath tub cases soon to be taken up

in the federal court sitting in Detroit.



Tom L. Johnson, of Cleveland, four

times mayor of that city, died Monday

night.



An automobile route is being estab-

lished between Chicago and New York.

The plan is to have one machine start

from both ends every day, or more if

patronage demands. the trip taking seven

days for completion.



The recent local election results in Cal-

houn county are being contested as the

“drys” who contend that according to

the reading of the statute the number of

votes favorable to the ”wets" were not

a majority of those cast upon the prono-

sition. On the face of the returns the

majority was only 35. It is likely that

Jackson and Genessce counties will also

test the vote upon the same ground.





Foreign.





It develops that Spain and France are

agreed that intervention in Moroccan af-

fairs is again necessary, and troops are

even now being mobilized for that pup-

pose. In a deliberation of the policy of

the Spanish government in co-operating

with France there appeared to be no dis-

senting attitude, the minority parties

consenting upon the ground that the hon—

or of the country was at stake in the

present infringement of right across the

Mediterranean.



The public has been given a more

potent reason for the mobilization of the

20.000 troops along the Mexican border

and the directing of both the Atlantic

and Pacific fleets of American war ves-

sels to go to Mexican waters, this past

week by the publication of an intrigue

planned between Mexico and Japan giv-

ing to Japan rights in Magdelena. Bay for

maneuvering and a coaling station after

the Mexican government had withdrawn

the privilege from the United States, and

apparently with the intent to embarrass

this country. The plot was discovered

by Ambassador Wilson of the United





(Continued on page 455).





 





 





 





,..;,.-:. :::;,&t‘fl§ ‘2. .
7* 153‘





---2:» a





if





 





 





 





 





 





/





 





 





LITERATURE

POETRY

HISTORY an?

INFORMATION





 





 





833





 

 





MA_ .





' 7343.





H50





 





 





77w FARM BOY

an? GIRL



SCIENTIFIC an?



MECHANICAL





 





 





 





This Magazine Section forms a part of our paper twice a month. Every article is written especially forfiit, and does not appear, elsewhere





 





two strange men with him,” said

Elinor Brandon as she turned from



the window where she had been watching.

“Mercy me! Strangers for supper and

nothing fit to put before them,” declared





THERE comes father, and there are





Mrs. Brandon, a gentle—faced woman

Well toward middle age.

The younger woman laughed. “Why,





.mother, you know your table is always





set _fit for a king,” with a glance at the

spotless cloth and shining dishes that

were her mother’s delight. But the other

shook her head, and began bringing Ollt

her best dishes and preserves from the

storehouse.



In a short time Mr. Brandon entered

the house, followed by his two compan-

ions. He was a tall, stern‘ man whose

word in his family had always been law,

and his gentle wife had been the last one

to ever think of disputing it.



“These gentlemen are passing through

the country and intend holding a meet-

ing at the schoolhouse tonight, so I in—

vite'd them to stay to supper,” he an-

nounced. Mrs. Brandon welcomed them

cordially and Elinor watched them cur-

iously. She caught herself thinking that

someway they did not look exactly like

ministers, and she felt a sort of curiosity

to know what doctrine they were to

preach. '



As she busied herself helping her moth-

er with the evening meal the steady hum

of their voices came to her from the oth-

er room where they were being enter-

tained by her father, and every now and

then she caught a glimpse of them

through the open doorway. Soon supper

was announced and they sat down to

their meal. Then she had a better chance

to see what they were like. One of the

men attracted, and at the same time re-

pelled, her in a manner that was very

confusing to her mind and that she could

not at all understand.



“I think I shall be able to persuade

your husband to sell his home here and

locate with us in a\delightful new colony

we are founding," lie said, turning to

Mrs. Brandon with a winning smile. p



“I am sure we are well satisfied here,"

answered Mrs. Brandon, quietly. “The

Lord has prospered us wonderfully.”



“Just so, and it is just the kind of men

that your husband represents that we are

anxious to obtain for our colony. \V‘e do

not want any drones. I have obtained

control of one of the finest pieces of land

to be found in the United States and

those first on the ground will, of course,

obtain the most choice portions. I have

selected your husband as one to receive

high favor.”



“But what kind of a colony is this?”

she asked, doubtfully.



“A colony of religious people where the

law of God will be supreme and where

all who do not worship His holy name

will be excluded so all will be perfect

peace and harmony.”



Then he began to describe the land in

glowing language. It could easily be seen

that both Mr. Brandon and his wife were

greatly impressed with what he said. He

told of the natural advantages of his

land, which was on an island in the lake

of Michigan, with one of the most beau-

tiful harbors in the world where there

was neither extreme cold nor extreme

heat on the wave—washed shores. In fact,

he seemed to have discovered a second

Eden.



“I am surprised that no one has claimed

this land before,” declared Mr. Brandon.



The eyes of the other narrowed a bit

as he answered: “Oh, there are a few

settlers there but we intend to annex

them to our colony in a short time.”





Elinor listened in silence, for it was

not deemed her place to converse with

her father’s guests unless their conver-

sation should be directed to her, but

there arose‘within her such a foreboding

that she was alarmed. She did not in

the least understand her own feelings,

but she did kncwthat she did not want

to‘ go away from her pleasant home, and





ONCE A MORMON.





By IRMA B. MATTHEWS.





 





she hoped that her father would not con-

clude to go.



After the evening meal had been fine

ished and the chores done, the horses

were hitched to the wagon and they all

went to the meeting to hear the' men

preach.’ Their talk was in most part

about their wonderful land of promise

and the colony they were going to found

there; they asked people to go there to

live. Of religion they talked also, but

someway not many were able to compre—

hend much of that. They claimed there

was a great leader who had received rev—

elations from God and that he had bccn

commanded to found this colony for God's

people; they who would leave all and go

there should belong to the chosen few.

it was the magnetic personality of the

speaker more than what he said that car-

ried the audience with him and made

them pliant to his will.



At the end of that meeting he had the

promise of many to be ready to go to the

promised land, and among them was

Amos Brandon.



The men went on'to other places,

but they would return again in the au-

tumn, and those who wished to avail

themselves of the privilcgc must be ready

to accompany them at that time.



“But, father," argued Elinor, “do you

mean to go and leave Myra and Rosetta

here?” _



The mother looked at him with quiver-

ing lips as Elinor asked this question in

regard to their two elder daughters, who

were married and lived not far distant.



“As far as Myra is concerned, I believe

she will elect to go with us," he an-

swered calmly, “and what she elects to

do James will do, but I cannot answer for

Rosetta.”



Elinor felt this to be true, for James

Baldwin was a weak man, one easily

influenced and therefore much governed

by the wishes of his wife. Elinor had





once remarked to Myra, with curling lips,’





when the latter had boasted of her abil-

ity to have her own way with James, that

she hoped if she ever had a husband he

would at least have a mind of his own.





“You want a master, I suppose,” an-

swered her sister, a little nettled, “and

I don’t know but what you need one,” for

Elinor was acknowledged to be most like

the father of any of the children and had

much of his stubborn disposition.



“I want a man, not a puppet to be

pulled this way and that," she answered.

“It is well now, Myra, but wait until

someone comes along that has more in—

fluence with James than you have, what

then?” But her sister had scoffed at this

idea.



It was as the father said. Myra de-

cided that they must go with her parents

and, obedient to her will, James sold his

farm, although he had to do so at a sac-

rifice. But the husband of Rosetta re—

fused to listen for one minute to the prop-

osition, although he dreaded to grieve his

wife by thus separating her from all her

people.



“It is sheer madness,” he declared. “I

cannot see how they expect to better

themselves in any way. They are going

to a new country where it will be years

before they have the comforts we have

here,” but his words fell on deaf ears.

They were, as it seemed, under a spell

and go they would.



Mrs. Brandon was almost broken—heart-

ed when she saw her home, where she

had toiled so many years, sold to stran-

gers for much less than its real value,

but she never dreamed of disputing the

will of her husband. Elinor raged in-

wardly when she found her mother weep-

ing over her packing, but she had. to

submit with the best grace possible. She

had begged to be left behind with Rosetta

but her father had refused and told her





t





sternly never to mention such a thing

again.



She had talked the matter over with

llosetta and her husband. \Vhile they

sympathized with her they knew it would

bc useless to argue the matter with her

father. “(me thing, though, Elinor, you

are 1o always rcmcmber,” said Sam Mor—

gan, earnestly, "should you ever need a

fricnd do not hesitate to call on me and

1 will do what .i can to aid you.”



Elinor thanked him tearfully, but she

little thought of the days and weeks that

she Would longr for his hclp and yet have

no way of making her longing known, 01'

of the dark days she. Would encounter and

the sorrows that would try her soul be—

fore she would ever see this dear sister

again.



Myra was light hearted and laughed at

the other for what she called 'her absurd

nonsenscmas though father did not know

what was best. But Elinor only an-

swered that could she choose as Myra

had been able to do, she would» never

leave hcr old home.



“i do not think you love mother as you

should if you are so willing to be sep-

arated from her." answered Myra, tartly,

and from that moment no one heard idli-

nor complain again, for, dearer to her

than all else in the world was her loving,

gentle mother.



It was the beautiful autumn time when

the men who had preached to them again

appeared, with more converts, and to-

gether they all journeyed toward the

promised land.





 





Chapter ll.





There were about one hundred in the

party. counting the. children, and it was

a tedious journey, although the men who

had persuaded them to attempt it tried

to kecp their spirits up by telling them

how pleased they would be with their

future home. They were all glad when

told they were nearing the end of their

pilgrimagc. ’l‘nc boat on which they had

embarked for the last stage of the jour—

ney had left Mackinac and was steaming

over the blue waters toward the Beaver

Islands, their destination.



It was a soft beautiful day in autumn,

one of the hazy days that the lndians call

Indian Summer, and the soft breeze gently

sweeping the waters made hardly a ripple

on the clear surface. Many of the pas-

sengers stood on tho deck watching eag—

erly for the first glimpse of land, and

among them was Elinor. It came at last,

and as they came nearer, and the full

beauty of the place and the line harbor

burst upon them many were the exclama-

tions of delight.



.lu‘linor was naturally a lover of nature

and her eyes kindled as she watched the

scene—the dwellings near the shore, and

back of thcm the forest in all the hues

of red and brown, purple and gold. It

was a scene well worth the brush of any

artist, and she drank in the beauty with

great delight.



“How do you like it?” said a voice near

her. She turned with a start to find the

one who seemed to be the leader of the





expedition, standing, smiling, by her

side.

“It is certainly beautiful beyond all





comparison,” she answered, candidly.



“And perhaps I am not so bad as you

imagined in bringing you here to share

my kingdom,” he continued.



She started. “Your kingdom! I thought

——who are you?”



“My kingdom, yes; I rule under God.

The spiritual kingdom is His, the earthly

mine. He rules through me.”



“You are the leader, then, of whom we

were told. He who claims to have reve-

lations direct from God,” she added

slowly.



“He who has these revelations,” he





amended. “Yes, I am he, James Strang.”



“But why were we not told this be-

fore?”



“I had my reasons. But the time has

come to throw off the mask. You would

all know as soon as this boat touches

the shore, but I have already made my-

self known to some.”



Elinor remembered that this man had

been much with hcr father during the

journey and that her father had appeared

more and more taken with him. The

thought flashed through her mind that he

was one to whom the secret had been re—

vealed, but she made no comment. Nei—

ther did she wonder why everyone would

know his true character as soon as they

reached the island. “or eyes were again

on the landscape and she was watching

the Clusters of houses; in fact, she had

almost forgottcn her companion until he

spoke again; even then there was in her

mind a dim Wondermcnt as to why he

was devoting so much of his time talking

to a young girl who evidently carcd little.

for his conversation, when lhcrc were so





many men and older people about Ihcm.



“Those are mostly {ishcrmcn's collages

over that way. (iur own stiiicmcnl lies

in this direction," hc coininucd. “I

thought it bcst not to be too near IliC





Gentiles.” ,

The word aroused her and she turned





toward him instantly. Sho hml ncvcr

heard the Word (xccpt in onc connection

——she knew it was what the drczuii‘ul peo-





ple called Mormons, in liiinois, had called

all those who w'crc not of their belief.



“(.lcntilcs! i do not understand you. I

never heard the word used excepting

by—” she broke off suddenly. “Oh, sure—

ly, surely you are not a Mormon! You

are not taking us to a Mormon settle-

mentl”



“And why not, pray?"



“Oh, because they are the. most wicked

people in the World,” she answered, with

horror.



“\\'hy wicked?”



“IVhy? Because they have more than

one wife and that is a icrrihle way to

live I am sure.”



A ringing laugh answm-cd her. “My

dear, you have strange ideas of us. I am

the leader here, and I have but one wife,

and I preach against it, too. You see,

when Joseph Smith died—”



“But he had more than one wife,” she

interrupted.



“It is true he fell from grace and paid

the forfeit with his life, but, as i said,

when he died those who believed in po-

lygamy followed Brigham Young to l‘tah,

and those who did not have established

themselves here. Do not fear, we are

not so bad as we are painted.”



lle left her standing there and she

again turned her eyes toward the island

they were approaching but her thoughts

were in a tumult. She had been taught

to despise the Mormons, and hcre she

was in some ways a member of them.

iut no, she agreed to herself, they shall

never make me that. Then her head

bowed a moment, "llcar (lod, protect thy

child and kcep her spotless even be she

in a den of raging wolves,” and with the

prayer came peace into her heart. After

all, was not God here in this place as well

as in her old home, and was He not suffi-

cient for her, a sure refuge? She smiled

and once more drank in the beauty of the

landscape. The soft smile was still on

her face when she landed, and there was

one among the bystanders who, seeing

her face, never forgot. That day was he

sure he had met his fate.



Elinor soon knew why there could no

longer be concealment when they reached

the land, for the people flocked around

Strang, calling him king and welcoming

him with fervor and devotion. As she

saw their joy at the meeting, and heard

him speaking kindly with them, she won-

dered if, after all, she was inclined to

make mountains of mole hills, as her

mother so often told her. Myra was de-

lighted with the place and the hearty

welcome they received from the people.
446 (14>?





but‘ some of the men began to grumble,

saying that things were not as they had

been represented to them—that this place

was simply an unbroken wilderness.



King Strang (for such he really was

and such we ‘may as well call him in this

story)’ turned on them a little sharply.

“Surely you did not expect to find cleared

farms and houses ready built for you,

did you? You all knew what a new

country was like. You will find the soil,

the climate, the island all that I told you

it was."



They were silenced, if not convinced,

for they saw that argument would be

vain now and they could only make the

best of what lay before them. Some of

them were homesick indeed, for a long

winter was before them and no chance

to raise crops before another year. There

were those who had a supply to last, for

they had thought of this, but othershad

sold everything they had to get means to

move with and were without anything,

but the king encouraged them, telling

them kindly that his people who had

would be glad to divide with them. He

was sorry not to be able to stay with

them during the winter, but duty called

him elsewhere. However, his deputy,

Adams, would do all that he could for

them in his absence.



The people were disappointed in this,

for they had implicit faith in their king

and his power to avert disaster, but they

said nothing, for there was nothing for

them to do but submit. and they watched

him sail away with his family.



They had hardly time to get houses

together to shelter them before winter

was upon them, and that winter was one

never to be forgotten by those upon the

island, for it was one of great Suffering.





Chapter Ill.



Elinor walked with her father and

mother to the home of one of the fam-

ilies who had kindly ot‘fcrcd them shelter

until they could get a house of their own.

One thing had so astonished her that as

yet she found no words that would con-

vey her impressions, nor had she as yet

found a Chance to express them, and that

was the way the women were dressed.

They wore long pantalettes and short

skirts of the same material, namely, cal-

ico. They also wore their hair cut short.

The first one Elinor had seen in this

strange attire she thought was merely a

freak, and she grasped Myra‘s arm with

an insane desire to laugh.



“()h, Myra. look!” she had exclaimed.

“\Vhat kind of a style do you call that?”





Myra turned to her and exclaimed rath-

er sharply: “Don‘t laugh, Elinor; I do

not know, but.“ pointing up the shore,

“there are some more dressed the same

way. You must not laugh." Elinor

quickly turned away her face, for she

could not repress the smile that came.

Now, seated in this home, she watched

with a sort of fascination as the woman

went about her household tasks. She

was a bright woman, with a. sweet, wom-

anly face, but oh, that dress!



One of the children, a little boy of five,

came and leaned against her knee, pat-

ting her pretty dress with his hands. “It

is so pretty," he said ouaintly. “Mamma

were pretty dresses once, too



“And why does mamma not wear pret-

tv dresses now ‘3" she asked in a low voice

as she smiled at him. lle shook his head,

but the mother answered for him.



“Because it is vanity to wear pretty

clothes and we think too much of the

body and of adorning it and not enough

of our souls. The king told us this; he

had it as a direct revelation from God."



“Do you mean that Mr. Strang told you

what kind of clothes you must wear?”

asked Elinor in astonishment.



“lie designed the dress, certainly, but

only in accordance with the revelation."



“It seems strange to me,' said Elinor,

in a sarcastic voice. “that it was not re-

vealed to him that it was vanity for a

man to wear a high silk hat and fine

clothes like Mr. Strang seems to admire."



The woman looked shocked at her flip—

pant manner.



“The king can do no wrong," she an-

swered, quietly. “You see'the men dress

much alike, but women dressed so dif-

ferently that there was often much en-

vy in regard to their clothes. Now, when

we are all dressed alike, one person al-

ways looks as well as another.”



Elinor could not deny this. and the

woman continued with a winning smile:

“You will think differently about the

matter when you have been here for a

time and will wear the dress with the

restf'



“Never!" exclaimed Elinor, fervently.

“No one shall dictate to me the kind of





11





THE MICHIGAN FARME‘R.‘





clothes I shall wear. I live in America.”

Her eyes flashed as .she spoke.~ Elinor

came of good old Puritan stock and there

was fighting blood back of her, but her

mother interposed at this juncture and

the conversation was turned into other

channels.



’Meantime Mr. Brandon was selecting

the place for his future home. For rea-

sons of his own, no doubt, Strang was

favoring Mr. Brandon in every possible

way. The surprise is that a man with

so firm a. will and intelligent a mind

would be so carried away with the dog-

mas advocated, but the fact, though un-

accountable, remains a fact. The place

he selected for a home was one of the

finest the island contained, and his son—

in-law was allowed a piece of ground not

far away, for Mr. Brandon explained

that the women would be more contented

if they were close together. Of the son-

in—law Strang took but little notice; a

good reader of character, he noted the

other's weakness and knew he could bend

him to his will at any time he wished, so

he gave his attention to making a com—

plete supporter of Mr. Brandon. He

smiled grimly as he noted the rebellious

attitude of Elinor, but it would not last.

Vt'hat was this puny girl that she should

attempt to pit her will against his own?



Elinor thought but little about King

Strang in any way. She was a light-

hearted girl and she roamed about the

island, enjoying the beauties and helping

in the household tasks of their hostess,

and watching with eagerness the house

her father was working hard to get done

so that they might get into it. It was

decided that they had best try to build

but one this winter and both families live

together: then in the spring they would

build a house on the land allotted to

James and his share. They were all glad

when the house was so far completed

that they were able to move into it, anti

they bade goodby to their kind friends,

the Bonnets, and went to live in their

new home.



Long before this, however, the king

had left the island, telling them he would

return in the spring. He left affairs in

the hands of one of the elders, a man

named Adams. Elinor went to the ser-

vices with her people on Sundays, listened

to the word as it was preached and found

nothing so different from other religious

meetings.



But there was destined to be great suf-

fering on the island that winter. Many

had nothing to eat, and sickness, coupled

with want, began to make havoc among

them. Mr. Brandon and a few others

among the late arrivals had plenty to last

them through the winter, but in a short

time some were without food entirely.

Those who had supplies shared with the

others all that they dared, but many died

and the suffering was great. Day aftcr

day Mrs. Brandon and her daughters





went from house to house, doing all that ,





they could to relieve the suffering. Help

also came from the other settlement. The

Gentiles, as they called them. hearing of

the suffering among the people, came and

offered them all the assistance in their

power. The men went out and fished

through the ice, offering them their catch,

and often this constituted their whole

diet for days. It was certainly a. win—

ter of horror. Elinor always remembered

one day when, in company with her

mother, she visited a family in the great-

est want. The father and two children

were sick and the poor mother worn to

a shadow by constant care. There was

not a crust in the house to eat. A Gen-

tile woman had just come in, bringing a

large fish ready to be cooked, and the

two children watched her hungrily as she

prepared it, while the mother sat pray-

ing and calling to their king to come

back and save them all from death.



Elinor turned toward her impatiently.

“Why do you pray to that man?” she

asked. “Vi'hy not pray to God? He is

the one who can aid you."



The woman looked at her pityingly.

“You do not understand," she answered;

“if our king was here this would not

have happened."



“Then if he is so wise he should have

foreseen this and staid here," Elinor an-

swered, sharply.



The Gentile woman turned and smiled

at Elinor, while the woman went on with

her prayers. “You cannot convince them

the king is not as powerful as God him-

self,” she said, “but how is it I hear

such sentiments from one of their own

number?"



“I am not of their number," she an-

swered, then stopped a moment. ”VVell,

I suppose I am considered one of their

number because my home is with them.

My father is much taken with them, but





I do not believe in'some of their ways.

However, ‘I suppose ,my lot is here.”



"‘I am sorry for you," answered the

woman, again in a low voice, “but believe

me, it will be‘better for you not to say

such things in public."



Elinor gave her a quick glance but had

no time to ask what she meant, as her

mother came up at that moment and told

her she had better go home.



Elinor walked thoughtfully away, won-

dering more and more about what she

had heard. She had not gone far, how-

ever, when she was joined by a young

man who asked: “Whither away so

fast?"



She started at sound of the voice and

looked up at the speaker. Robert Stuart

was good to look upon, tall and manly,

with a bright, intelligent face and a

square jaw that spoke of firmness of pur-

pose. This was not their first meeting,

however, for he had made it a point to

meet the girl whenever possible and had

walked with her to her home many times.

As they walked along, talking airily, the

perplexity of the morning faded from her

mind and she became once more her

bright, jolly self.





 





Chapter IV.



\‘l'ith the opening of spring Strang re-

turned to the island, bringing his family

with him, and things brightened up. The

sickness left them, the steamer brought

supplies, and everything became brighter.



“I knew things would be all right when

the king came,” one of the womenlre-

marked to Elinor. She had seen the folly

of trying to convince them otherwise and

only smiled.



His people told him how kind the Gen-

tiles had been during the hard, cold Win-

ter and he listened to their stories, but

shortly after his return he said some-

thing in one of the services that startled

some of his hearers. “It is perfectly

right for you to take anything needed

for your comfort from the Gentiles. God’s

people have a right to anything wherever

they find it. Never suffer if there is

wherewith to make you comfortable close

at hand."



“Father," demanded Elinor after they

had returned home, “what did Mr. Strang

mean? Did he mean for us to take things

that did not belong to us without leave?”



“It would be far better for you to at-

tend to your duties at home and not be

trying to understand things you know

nothing whatever about," her father an—

swered, sternly.



“But father, that would surely be

stealing," she cried in dismay. Her fath-

er turned to her with a look that struck

terror to her heart as he answered:

“Never again let me hear such words

from your lips. It is not for a. slip of a

girl like you to judge the king. His laws

are just and he knows why they are

made; you do not."



She stood for a moment as though

turned to stone. Could it be posible she

had heard aright, that her father, in

whom she had always had implicit faith,

could have uttered those words? Vi'as

he bewitched‘.’ \Yhat did it mean? She

gazed at him with wide—open eyes; then

her lips closed firmly in a manner so like

his own.



“He is not my king, father, nor shall

I ever follow his teaching. Right is right,

and wrong is wrong, and no one can dis-

pute it."



“His will is absolute here. as you will

soon find," was the answer, but she heed—

ed not. lier heart was sore at the thought

of the change in her father, and she

thought more of that than of the doing

of King Strung.



The same afternoon she visited Myra.

who was now established but a short dis-

tance from them, hoping to find sympathy

here for she could not trouble her moth-

er. Myra's occupation, when she walked

in, drove all else for the moment from

her mind—~she was making one of the

detestable dresses worn by the Mormon

women.



“\Vhatever is that for,

asked.



Myra laughed. “To wear, to be sure,”

she answered. "Of course, you know we

are all expected to wear the prescribed

dress as soon as we have worn out our

clothing and have to make new, and

James bought this for me as a present

for our wedding anniversary, and I am

making it up this way to please him. He

thinks it is best for me to dress like the

rest, as the king desires it. When are

you going to make the change?"



"Never. And I wonder, Myra, that you

will consent to wear that hideous thing!

The idea of that man telling everyone

what to wear."



(Continued on page 448).





lIyra ?” she





 





21me 15. 1911.





Let the

Canadian Pacific





Come to (525131

Saskatchewan





L

Own a farm where the wonder

wheat crop of the World is pro-

duced—where every man who is

willing to work succeeds, and





whose success is the personal care

of the Canadian Pacific Railway.





Every one of these 160 acre home

farms offered by the C. P. R. is a gen-

uine snap—near a railway and in set-

tled conditions. Act quick 11 you

want one. Here are two





Saskatchewan Snaps





N. W. 1/4 OF SECI'ION SEVEN. 160 acres.



Easily worked clay loam. rich clay sub-

soil. Slightly rolling. Quantity of hay

could be cut. 80 acres can cultivated

at once. A é‘bod tract for general farm-

in 10 miles from station of deahar.

P t. ce..$13 00 per acre. .7 pay-

men 3.





N. V20F SECTION 'I'WENTY- SEVEN. '



acres. Rich clay loam, small percentage

of sand, deepcla sub-soil. Good skewer

for cattle. Goo growth of grass. 200

acres immediately cultivable. Suitable

for mixed farming. 41/2 miles from

Candahar Station. Pflce, $15.00 per

acre. Easy terms.



If neither of these is just what you

want. tell us what you would like and we

will find it for you.



You can do as hosts of others have

done male. the first crop pay for the

(and: For instance: an average crop of

but 25 bushels of wheat at only 80c will

yield $1M on 60 acres. Such land can

now be had as low as $10 per acre. With

first cash payment, $1.50 per acre down,

balance on long time easy payment plan.





Your Name





Write To-day. NOW. Let the

great Canadian Pacif Ific Railway

show you the way to wealth.

Pfi‘fi: are lower now than they will

ever again, so act kl if

to better your condition1 I1111611191; you want

Canadian Pacific Railway

General Land Department

179 Higgins Avenue, WINNIPEG. CAN.

F. T. GRIFFIN 1.1.. 000?!

Landfill-million: Au’tLudCo-Iiuinu





AGENTS “£3 a D3.





m PAmTIDm





 





 





   

 





Harness. Buggy Tops, nun. Onl- ' ‘

lags, Anythln. Sells I! light. Astonishi low



lgenb. Big pr £3.10 show it new a. nlelwWe “£23,119:

good, live hustlers in each county. Splendid opportunity!»

make big money. No experience needed. Write quick—

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A. MATHEW“ 6045 Wayne Street, DAYTON. OHIO





I Want Men





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We need I good live man right now



in your territory to handle real

estate deals for us. No experi-

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ness. Aho Commercial, Law and

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you representative 11 your act! -

icy. Buy work. lam profits. Wri rite forfree book





unmmv um: “a 1mm

315 Palm 3: do unwary»...





 





   

   

 

   

   

 

   

   

   





 





 





   

 





 





 





 





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.....,,:......,,.~,,. ,. .. . a...» , . ..





[Easter- Customs





   





,





APRIL 15, 1911'.





Easter should be observed was sub-



ject to many changes, and the

cause of much wrangling, but in the year

named the rule which now governs was

adopted, viz.: That Easter shall be ob—

served on the first Sunday after the full

moon which happens on, or next after,

March 21, computing by the calendar

moon. By this ruling the earliest date on

which Easter can be observed is March

22, and the year 1818 is the only time it

so happens during the two hundred years

ending with 2000 A. D., while in the same

two centuries it falls on its latest possible

date twice—April 25th, of 1886 and 1943.



In early times the Easter Festival last—

ed eight days; after the eleventh century

it was shortened to three days; later on

it became two and, at last, one—as we

now have it. Its regular observance in

the United States is of comparatively

recent date, for while Virginia and Louis-

iana observed the day from their earliest

settlement, and a few other southern

states observed it in a desultory way, the

custom worked northward very gradually.

Catholics, Lutherans and Anglicans

adopted the custom of decorating the

church and having special sermons and

music much earlier than other denomi-

nations. All, however, gradually accept-

ed the custom, the Presbyterians adopt-

ing it about the time of the opening of

the Civil War.



The modern forms of Easter observance

need no explanation, as all, theoretically

at least, are symbolical of the Resurrec-

tion, and in ninety-nine of each one hun—

dred Easter. services there will be little

variation of form. In a few instances,

however, the service partakes of a sol-

emnity that is wondrously impressive.



The Moravian Easter Customs

belong in this class, for the sojourner in

the city of Bethlehem, Pa., will be wak—

ened before daylight by the trumpeters

who pass through the streets, trumpeting

in joyous notes until they reach the

Moravian church. Here they take their

position on the platform surrounding the

steeple and play an Easter carol.



By this time men, women, and children

of the Moravian families, with many of

'other faiths, are hastening toward the

church, which is ablaze with light and

beautifully decorated with lilies. A sol-

emn silence prevails until, suddenly, a

ringing tenor voice breaks out “The Lord

is Risen” and the congregation sings in

response “He is Risen Indeed.” After

this awe-inspiring opening a service is

held in which the singing, congregational

in character, is led by the trombone band,

or (as it is there called) choir.



At the close of the brief service the

trombone choir, with the congregation

following, passes out and marches to the

old Moravian burial ground. Here, with

the rising sun throwing the first rays of

light across the sky, they gather around

an open grave and, in spirit, greet the

risen Savior. After this, every voice joins

in singing a triumphant hymn of rejoic-

ing as a close to the service.



Later in the day the congregation again

assembles at the church to listen to a

musical service, when the fine organ and

the twelve trombones that form the choir

render the finest of Easter music.



The Pueblo Indians



of Arizona and New Mexico have, in each

community, their special dances and fes-

tivals, but, widely as these may differ,

the Easter dances are uniform in type.

In every Pueblo town the estufa is the

holy of holies, consecrated to religious

ceremonials, in which the sacred fires are

kept burning from generation to genera-

tion, and neither white man nor stranger

from other Indian tribes can, ever,‘ enter

therein.



At dawn of Easter morning Indians,

dressed in a coating of red and white

paint (made of adobe clay) applied in

every possible manner to produce gro-

tesque effects, come forth from the es-

tufa and begin to act the clown. In con-

trast to these joking clowns are the

dancers that follow them from the estufa,

for not one of these is ever seen to smile,

no matter how mirth provoking the things

they see.



A master of ceremonies stands before

the dancers and signals the changes,

which are so perfectly carried out that

the dancers seem like automatons, worked

by machinery. After an hour of hard

work the first set of performers retire

and their place is taken by others, who

come from the estufa, and in this way





PRIOR to 1752‘ the date on which





— r... ”“1 .....





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.‘





in Our Own and Other Countries.





By Eva Ryman-Gaillard.





the performance is kept up until sun-

down, when all who have taken part are

called to partake of the feast of meat,

corn cakes, and chile. All others must

leave the vicinity, so what takes place

there, or what the ceremonies that are

carried out within the estufa, may never

be told.



Gwer Comers Give Aid to the Needy at



Easter Time.



Leaving Chicago a quarter of a century

ago, a small colcny of Over Comers went

to Jerusalem, where they now live in ac-

cordance with their interpretation of the

New Testament. This interpretation

makes Easter, as a celebration of the

resurrection of Christ, an impossibility,

yet the part they take in the events of

holy week is full of the spirit of Christ.



Above the door of the room where they

hold their sacred service there hangs a

copy of the Golden Rule, which consti-

tutes their creed. In living up to it each

member of the colony works for the bene-

fit of all, and even “the stranger within

the gates” is welcome to whatever he

may need.



,In a sense, the Over Comers observe

Easter, though they take no part in fast-

ing and sorrowing over the crucifixion,

nor in rejoicing over the resurrection, for

they believe the second coming of Christ

is yet to be accomplished. During holy

week asses are kept saddled and every

table stands, during the night, supplied

with milk and food, and it has been said

that these preparations were because of

the expected coming of Christ, but the

more probable fact is that not only these





things but the service of their physician

is their offering to the needy among the

thousands who throng the city during the

week. _



From Monday until Friday these people

work early and late, putting in many

extra hours at their money-earning forms

of labor and, at the end of the time, hand

it all to the chief elder to be expended.

as he sees need, for the sick and needY.



Four o’clock of Friday morning finds

the entire colony at the Church of the

Holy Sepulchre, where they sing and

pray for an hour and then return to their

homes, taking strangers with them for

breakfast. Saturday and Sunday, when

the pilgrims who have been fasting and

praying in the Garden of Gethsemane and

on the Mount of Olives during the week

come thronging back to the city, many

are sick from change of climate or weak-

ened from long continued fasting, and

then it is that the Over Comers are busy

providing for their needs.



\Vhen people of every other Christian

faith gather in the Church of the Holy

Sepulchre the Over Comers are not

among them. Their offering has been

made in the form of Christ—like helpful-

ness and their joy is complete.



Easter and Gladness

should be connected, but to the exiles in

Siberia no other day is so filled with bit-

terness. According to exile laws a proc-

lamation is issued, a week before Easter,

that convicts, political offenders and all

exiles, whatever the cause ~of their ban-

ishment, shall meet at the guard house,

or other public building, on Good Friday

morning to pray for the “Little Father”

and offer thanksgiving for the many

blessings t?) he has showered upon them.



Called together at six o’clock they are

forced to offer allegiance to the head of

the Russian Church—“the Little Father





447





who can do no wrong”-—and then forced

to listen to his praises until sundown,

with but two brief pauses for Scanty

meals.



On Easter Sunday they get one decent

meal, but enjoyment of that is poisoned

by memory—~the memory of the outrage-

ous injustice, the shameful humiliations,

and the horrible tortures they have been

forced to endure.



No room for gladness is left in the

hearts filled with memories of happy

Easter days in the homeland from which

they have been exiled, but when they are

forced to stand up and shout “God save

the Tsar! God save the Tsar!” the bit-

terness is increased until it becomes ha-

tred so bitter as to be unspeakable, and

Easter is a time to be dreaded because

of this added humiliation.





(15)





THE GLAD MORN.





BY Z. I. DAVIS.





\Vith joy in the voices of children,

From north, south, east and west.



They come with their baskets of lillies

To offer the sweetest and best.





The morning of Christ’s Resurrection

Grows brighter through each passing

year.

Speed onward,

‘ leaves,

His second appearance draws near.





Time’s highway of palm





\Ve come with a branch of palmetto,

Magnolia, arbutus and pine,



To scatter the flowers of nations

Before the graves victor, divine.





From each bursting crocus and tulip,

The gold of the daffodil‘s sheen,



The opening buds in the woodland,

The wakening grass blade of green,





Is sounding the glad acclamation

That death of its terrors is shorn.



All earth, sea and heaven are praising

The Lord of the Jubilant Morn.





 





THE MAKING OF A TREE.





 





BY KATHARINE A. GRIMES.





There is a story told about a little boy

who had never seen a tree. He had lived

all his life in the city, and knew of noth-

ing except smoky skies, high buildings

and dirty alleys. He had no idea of how

anything grew, only such as were made

of brick and mortar, or iron, or of long,

smooth boards held together with nails.

He had never thought to wonder where

all these things came from. If anyone

had asked him about it he Would have





 





Enlarged surface view of Leaf showing

Stomata.—a, guard cells; b, opening be-

tween them.





said, “from the factory.” That was the

beginning of all things for him. Beyond

that, the world might have been made

of green cheese for all he knew.



The boys of the farm are much wiser

than the city lad in many ways. They

know that bricks are made from clay,

that iron is taken from the brown bosoms

0f the hills, and that the smooth white

boards once stood green and tall in the

forest. They have seen most of the proc—

esses by means of which these materials

were made ready for use. They can an-

swer many questions about the growth

and uses of trees, and can tell the city

boy many things that would surprise him

very much.



But there are many things that a tree

could teach even a country lad if it could

speak. There are wonderful secrets shut

up in its rough breast. Like all the chil-

dren of Old Mother Nature, the tree only

tells these secrets to those who love it

best, and are willing to wait patiently

until it is ready to speak. The ones that

are to be set down here have only been

discovered by long waiting and faithful

watching.



Like all things, the trees were meant

for use. That they are beautiful as well,

adds that much more to their value. It

is also an advantage to the trees them-

selves, as for that reason many are pre-

served that might otherwise be cut down

and destroyed.



Everyone—or at least everyone who

lives on a farm—knows many of the ways





in which trees are of use. When growing

they furnish shade, homes for birds, and

food for men and animals. When felled

they build and heat our homes, carry us

all over the world, furnish us with tools,

furniture, basketry, and most of the nec-

essary articles of every-day use. Even

the books we read are printed on paper

made from wood fiber.



There is one part of the tree's work

that we do not often think of. That is

the work they do in keeping the air fit

to breathe. All boys and girls who have

studied physiology Will remember that,

at every breath expelled by a person or

an animal, a small quantity of carbonic

acid gas is thrown off into the atmos-

phere. This gas is very poisonous, and,

if there were no way of getting rid of it,

the air would soon become so full of it

that everyone would die. The tree needs

this very material for its growth. More

than half the substance from which the

trunk of a tree is built is carbon, and all

of this is formed from the carbonic acid

gas which it gets from the air. Coal is

almost pure carbon, and is the product

of trees that have been long buried in the

earth. It was once this same gas, and

was taken in by the trees when they were

growing, ages before mankind ever ex-

isted.



Air laden with carbonic acid gas enters

the tree through its leaves. As the tree

needs so much of it, the leaves are made





very thin and flat so as to present a

large surface to the air. (in each side

of the leaf are tiny openings (-allcd

“stomata,” or “breathing pores.” These





are to the tree what lungs are to a per-

son. Through them, the surplus

moisture from the leaf passes off into the

air. Each little opening is protected by

two half—moon shaped cells, which lie,

one on each side of the pore, With their

concave edges turned toward each other.





also,





In dry weather, when the plant cannot

afford to lose its moisture, these cells

draw together and close the opening. No

evaporation can then take place. On

every square inch of leaf surface there

are many thousands of these stomata,





but they cannot be seen except with a

strong magnifying glass. Though so

small, they are one of the most important

parts of the tree‘s structure, as without

them the trec would have no way of tak—

ing up one of the most necessary of its

food elements.



T’robably most farm boys know how to





tell the age of a tree by counting the

“rings" on the stump where it was cut

down. These rings show very plainly





that a layer of woody fiber is added to

the tree each year of its life. It some-

times happens that two rings are added

in a single year, but this is unusual. In

the center of the tree is the darker-col-

ored heart—wood. In this portion the

woody fibers are pressed very closely to-

gether, and the whole substance is thus





made very hard. Outside the heart-wood

is a layer not so dense, known as the

“sap—wood." This consists of the last

formed layers, and is lighter in color

than the central part. .\s the tree grows,

and new layers form, this will become

part of the heart-wood. Enclosing the

entire trunk is the bark, which is smooth

and unbroken in young trees, and rough

and broken in old ones.



The tree grows from a layer of young

cells between the wood and the bark. The

only change that takes place in the heart-

wood of a tree is that caused by the

pressing together of its fibers by the new

growth outside. As these young cells are

inside the bark layer, their growth presses

outward against the old bark, causing

it to crack and become roughened. The

new cells that lie next the woody fiber

are turned into new sap-wood, while

those nearest the bark become the new

inner bark. Although the bark grows for

as many years as the wood, it is con-

stantly cleaving loose and falling, so nev-

er gets as thick as the inside fibers,

which have no chance to loose any of

their growth.



The roots of the tree are so formed

that their tissues correspond with those

of the trunk. But the new root growth

does not take place the whole length of

it, as that of the trunk does. At the tip

of the root is a cluster of old cells, called

the root-cap, and just behind them is the

“growing point,” or layer of tender young

cells which form the new root tissue. The

harder cells of the root-cap protect them,





 





Segment of woody stem, in cross-sec-

tion.~—a, outer bark; b, inner bark; c,

cambium layer; (1, e, f, g and h, annual

rings of wood; i, pith.

as the root push‘es down into the ground.

Near the growing point the root is cov—





ered with tiny, hair-like projections,

called “root-hairs,” or “fibrillae.” These

are elongated cells of the newer root

tissues, extending to take up from the





ground the food which the tree needs. On
448 (m





the older portion of the root no fibrillae

will be seen. From this part branch real

rootlets, at whose extremities the root-

hairs will be found.



The food substances in the soil must be

Well dissolved in water before the-root

can take them up, just as the foods we

eat must be changed to fluid before the

blood can handle them. For just as the

blood carries the various food elements

to the different parts of the body, after

they are dissolved, so the sap, which is

the blood of the tree, carries the food

which the roots take from the soil to the

parts of the tree where they are needed

for growth. The sap vessels are, however,

very unlike the blood vessels in form.





 





I

Longitudinal Section through Apex of





a Root. 0, cells constituting root—cap;

h, root hairs.





 





\Vhile blood vessels are nearly all alike

in being smooth, round tubes, the sap

vessels have a great variety of forms.

Some are a series of rings, Some are full

of tiny pits, some are long spirals, and

others are a union of two or more of





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





these forms. All these structures are de-

signed to help the sap in circulating. It

has no strong heart beating back of it to

push it out through the body of the tree,

so the tubes which carry it must be de-

signed so as to help force it through all

parts of the trunk and branches. Of

course, these sap vessels are most plenti-

ful in the growing parts of the tree.



The substances taken up by the roots

and distributed by means of the sap are

joined to the gases taken in by the leaves.

In some mysterious way the sunlight acts

upon these mixed elements so as to fit

them for building up the structure of the

tree. Much of the water in which the

food particles were dissolved escapes from

the leaves through evaporation. The part

that is left is necessarily more solid.

fi'hat is not needed for immediate use is

stored up for the future as starch, oil,

sugar, gum, etc. This change in the na—

ture of the substances taken in goes on

in the green cells of the leaves. As sun-

light and warmth are necessary for the

process, it only continues during that

part of the year when these conditions

are right. During the winter the tree

does not grow. The leaves fall, as there

is no use for them, and the whole tree

sleeps, as we may say, until the warm

sunshine of spring awakens it to new ac-

tivity. Then the stored foods are once

more brought out to feed the growing

cells, and the work of adding another

layer is begun.





AN EASTER LILY.





BY RUTH RAYMOND.





 





A pure white lily strove to bloom



(me early mom in a bare cold room,



For a little child was sleeping there,



Its face so sad with want and care,



And the lily longed to softly say,



“Come, smile, sweet one, it is Easter

Day."





So the bud expanded its petals white



And swayed with joy in the morning

light;



The child awoke from a dream of rest



And caught the lily to his breast,



Then said, as he smiled the tears away,



“My ilower has bloomed—it is Easter

Day!”





 





ONCE A MORMON.





(Continued from'page 446).



“Take care, Elinor, I heard James say

the other evening that he (lid not believe

the king was very well pleased with

your conduct. You have absented your-

self front the services more than once,

and James says it is not best to arouse

the man’s anger. He is getting to be

quite a favorite with the king and he

says he has hopes of being made an elder

in the church. Then he Would have a

hand in helping to make the laws, per-

haps."



“You are ambitious for your husband,

I know. Myra, and that is well. but as for

making the laws, I supposed the United

States government atlemh-d to that.”



“Not here, my dear. James says that

this is to be a kingdom, and that Strang

is to be king and govern it himself, and

I believe that is true."



“Vt"ell, I do not know much about such

things,” declared Elinor, “but i do not

believe it will be allowet.” But it was,

as she soon learned.



The king had many ideas in his mind

that he intended to sec carried out, and

so completely had be gotten most of the

people under his control that they were

willing to follow his lead in anything. One

thing exacted was that one-tenth of cv—

crything they had must be paid into the





church treasury. He soon began the

erection of a tabernacle for religious wor—

ship. This was to be a magnificent





building for those times, eighty feet lont.r

and made of logs carefully hewcd and

smoothed on both sides. It would. of

course. require some time to complete it.

Although the building was not completed,

it was decided that, on July eighth,

Strung was to be crowned king. The

people were greatly excited~ ovm- the.

cmning event, and the Gentiles, who did

itot have any llclict' whatever in Strung,

were getting somewhat alarmed, all the

more so as they began to i'niss Sillllt‘ of

their property and felt sure that the

Mormons were taking it without leave.



Elinor was as excited over the coming

event as many another. for it was to be

a day of festivity and a holiday, and

the young people welcomed it as young

people are wont to welcome such days.

Robert came for her early. and together

they walked through the woodland path

to the great tabernacle.



“I wanted you to be sure and get in—

side.” hedeclared, “for it will be a day





long to be remembered by the inhabitants

of Beaver island.”



ll'e gazed at her admiringly, for she

was dressed in a new dress of some soft

stuff that titted her girlish beauty ad-

mirably. “You do not mean to adopt

the Mormon dress?" he asked.



"No, indeed, it is ugly! Vl'ould you

wish to see me dressed in that manner?"



“To me you would be fair in any—

thing." he smiled, “but I admit I do not

see just why it was adopted. Yet I un-

derstand the women are all to be com-

pelled to wear it.”



“I never shall." she answered stub-

bornly, “and I think there are some

others.”



“Your sister has done so."



“Yes, it seems James wanted she

should, but I think she was foolish to

humor him.”



Robert laughed outright at this. “Then

you would not humor a husband in that

manner."



“Not 1,” she answered, while the dim-

ples came as she glanced at him rogu-

ishly. “Hut see, we are nearly there and

the crowd has already begun to gather.

Do you suppose we will get a good

place?"



“We will try at least.” They did ob-

tain a. good place to see, for Robert was

strong and he carefully elbowecl his way

into the crowd, closely followed by his

companion.



(To be continued).





MAKING A CANVAS CANOE.



Every ingenious boy who is fond of the

water will be interested in the following

description of a canvas canoe made by

two of our young readers:



For the keel, a piece of wood iii inch

thick, 5 inches wide, and 11 ft. 6 in. long,

was tapered at the ends for about one

foot, as shown in Fig. 1. Two pieces like





/5I/ 26,]..j





   

 

   





 





i(_./2/I

C in first cut, also Fig. II, c c, for the

stem and stern posts, were madefrom

iii-inch or Te-inch boards. The inside

depth of the canoe is 17 inches at each

end, and 16 inches at the middle. The

total length over all is 13 ft. 6 in. The





 





APRIL 15, 1911.





 





 





1911= The Harda .1911





Imp’rbved Car

PRICE





$350





Complete With Top-

Sido Curtains,

Oil Lamps, Tools,

Pump, Etc.





Positively the

Most Economical

and Dependable

Town and Coun-

try Car Ever

Built.





 

 





E have secured the exclusive selling rights for the



HARDA, which is made in two models, formerly sold at



$650 each. The RUNABOUT, as shown above, and a

LIGHT DELIVERY WAGON with a capacity of 1000 pounds.





This Car'is characterized by greater simplicity, “efficiency, economy

and increased destrability than has ever been embodied in any runabout.

ECONOMY IS A FEATURE of this remarkable car. There is no other

Car that you- pay so little for'and get so great a return. The expense for

tip-keeping IS practically eliminated, owmg to the_snnp11c1ty of mechan-

ism and construction. The HARDA parts are so Simple that they can be

easily cared for by local mechanics.



Remember, when you think of the HARDA, think of ECONOMY AND SIMPLICT-

TY, for this splendid Car was builrt with these exceptionally desirable potnts as domb

nant features. The transmission is improved planitary type with brake;_also loot brake

on rear axle, making the speeds forward and reverse as nearly automatic. as is posmble

for any mechanism actuated by human will. Added to these highly desirable features

is the important fact that this model easily gives from four to thirty miles an hour on

high gear.



There are no “minor parts” on the HARDA; nothing to adjust, keep in tune or

bother with. Given galsoline and a. hot spark to tire the mixture, and the owner of a.





HARDA has the simplest running motor in the, 6‘ ’ ”

world. That’s why the HARDA is well named A Gentleman S Car





OUR

POLICY





We simply put the prop-

osition before our patrons

with the least possible ex-

pense, and give them dollar

for dollar in real automo-

bile value.





OUR

POLICY





We have no salesmen and

traveling expenses to pay-

no heavy advertising, which

is lull the cost of an auto-

mobile when purchased from

any other organization.





 

 

 

 

 

 





If you desire immediate delivery, place your order today, including Money Order :tor

$50.00. Car will then be shipped with the bill of Lading to balance.





The Cleveland Auto Sales 8: Manufacturing Company





1222 Huron Road, Cleveland. Ohio





 





 





 





 





FARMERS’ WIVES ATTENTION!





STOP! LOOK! LISTEN!





Why shouldn't you and your hard working husband have as nice. sanitary and comfortable

a. mattress as the city wife and her husband?



We were told it would be a waste of money to advertise the Worthmore mattress in farm

ptLpt‘l‘s becuusc farmers were still sleeping on Straw 'l'lcks, Slluck Mattresses and Feather Beds.

Now these were all right in their day but they have had their day.



The ‘Vorthniore, all pure cotton felt Mattress, is. as far ahead of them as the

AlllUIllllIllll' is ahead of “The Deacon‘s

tine llol'sc Shay."



We. want to move to the “calamity

howlers" that on as readers of this





 





Built lor





 

 





 

 

 





paper, have the progressive spirit and wam

a modern. well built, comtonable Mattress—- Comlort

just the same as the city wife and her and

family enjoy.



But we can‘t prove this without your Service





help. So send today, RIGHT NOW for tree

tit-l; samples and illustrated folder which

describes every detail of this

truly, greatest at all Mattress values.

No obligation on your part.



Address.





The Worthmore

Bedding Company . 53 , . o“ , --

Station D. Dept. F. M NW N“ 4““ Mn Em:

CINCINNATI, o.





 





 





 





Reference: German National Bank.





 

 





 





 

   

   





 

 





 





IS THE POPULAR WORK SHIRT OF AMERICA





because—IT IS A REAL WORK SHIRT. Made of especially woven khaki with the

soft Chamois skin finish, by skilled operators and GUARANTEED. Army wear

proved the value of khaki to the U. S. government. and entry day wear will prove to



you the value of the Chamois Skin Khaki Work Shirt. At your dealer’s; if not send us

his name, Your collar size and 50c in stamps for sample shirt and book of new Patterns.





he President Shirt Co. 115 Wyoming Stu Bdtimore. Md. '





 





 





 





 





 





 

 





Light Your Home for One Cent a Night





- uk fro Ch t KERO—

THE KERO VAPOR MANTLE LAMP ERNEST: winout9253’ smoke,





pressure or noise. Lights without disturbing mantle or chimney; cannot ”creep up,"

will not ..blow up." More light than city gas at one-half the cost oiyour old kero-

lene lamp. Every lamp registered and guaranteed two years. Write for particu~

lars. If your dealer hasn’t it, order direct, giving his name. Agents Wanted.



$6.75 DOORENBOS BROS., Manufacturers, 125 Bates Ct., Kalamazoo. Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 

 





 





a
a,“





 





 





APRIL 15, 1911.





AMBRicAN

Steel Fence Post

Cheaper Than Wood

and More Durable





Many years of experiment—

ing with metal fence posts

have developed this post.

It is now thoroughly practi-

cal, filling every requirement

on the farm, in the town, for

railroads and W h e r 6 ve r

fence posts are used.





Made of tough steel, heavily

zinc c o a t e d. Durability

proven by us ten years’

actual use showing good as

new. Means a big reduc-

tion in fence cost and

maintenance.



40-page catalog sent free, fully

illustrating and describing.

Send for it.





Sold by dealers everywhere.

Ask dealer to show samples and

quote prices, or write us direct,





American Steel 8; Wire Co.





 

 

 

 





 





Chime: New York:

115 Ade-a Street 30 Church Street

Denver: San Francisco:





First Nut. Bank Bldg. 16th and Folsom Sta.





 





us. giving

name of place where you

trade and we will sen you





a Jacluion Fence Tool It...

ackson. ’

fence





Guaranteed Yul Gen 0 Hard Steel Wire.





A good inveetment end on i provement to any :4“

J ackoon Fence Co. ”03.2,; In...





 





 





MPIRE FENCE





. Get the genuine EMPIRE big

“ . wire fence, direct,nt wholesale.

‘ Bavedenler's profits.



- Big Factory, Big

. Sales. 23 Styles

No traveling salesmen small

expense, prices low. Every-

thing guaranteed. Free samples by

mail. Prices of leading styles freight pre-

paid to all points north or tile 0 ioend

. east oil the Mississippi River :—

eres lnoheshish Medium Weight Extra henvypll No.9)





9 39 230 per rod 37c per rod

10 £7 26c per rod 41c per rod

12 65 32c per rod 49c per rod





Special rates beyond this territory.





BOND STEEL POST (30.. 16 E. Menace Stu Adrien. Mich.





 





itlfi 7r117j‘l





 





 





 





 





 





STOUT—STRONG—DURABLE—CHEAP

‘ Brown Fences will outlast any other because of

' heavier wires and thicker gslvanizmg. Investigate _

160 styles for all purposes.





before you bu -



- Bargain $rices-14c Per Rod U

delivered at your railway station. bend today for

catalog and free sample for test. ,





WN FENCE 5 WIRE 00..

THE BRO CLEVELAND. OHIO





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Dept. 49

" " ' DWIGGIIS

as I _ Wire Fences

' OHEAPER





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





THAI WOOD





Superior Galvanizing, Farm Fenooo. Gates and Arches

of all kinds. Superior workmanship. Catalogs sent free





- Dwiggins Wire Fence “.212lequ Av... Anderson. Ind,





 





Gents a Rod A





For 18-111. 14 8-4:: for Slit-in. Hog

' Fence; 151: for 26-inch; 188-40





1 3

T

for 32-inch; 25c for n 47-inch





t .Form Fence. 48-inch Poultry

fence is 1-20. Sold on 30 day:

trigl. 80 rod spool Ideal Barb

Wire $1.46 Cotsloguetree.

KITSELMAN BRO$..

Box 218 IUNCIE, IND.





FENCE 2

‘ 48 I“. a rod 5C

Best high carbon coiled steel

wire. Easy to stretch ovcr

hills and hollows. FREE

Caholog—fcnces,tools. Buy

from factory at wholesale

prices. Write today to Box (38

MASON FENCE 00., LEESBUBG, 0.





LIWII FEIIGE





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 

   

 





- "mm 1 “in isms. 83.23333:

v ' ‘ ‘ ' ' woo DB

.‘ ‘ ’ ‘ ‘ ‘ ‘ ' ‘ ..‘.‘.‘.‘ tree. Special Prices to





"2" i I ’3 .3 (l '1‘ ill ’3 m l 'l‘ ‘l‘ll‘ ‘li'l‘ Churches and Cemeteries.

’. liil ii‘ ’1‘ ’1‘ ’1‘ ’1‘ ’3 ’3' U4 .1: i] (i i: t oiled Spring Fence On.

I lllllllll V I . . 3 I w“ l w. I I





 





-v-o—ar-"qb-vno-uvr'rhvyfigr ..... ...-~. —.-





 





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





pieces marked C will therefore be 16

inches high and about 15 inches wide,

measured on the horizontal and vertical

lines as shown.



Two false partitions like B in first cut,

also Fig. II, b, b, are made from the same

kind of boards, 15 inches high and 26

inches across. The two sides and the

bottom of these boards have 6 inches of

straight part, the round corners being 9

inches radius.



These partitions and end posts can be

easily shaped with a saw, or even a jack-

knife. They are secured to the keel, Fig.





 





< 5’! 1'. 1/1" I:(/ D





 





 





 





 





Fly,



k l l fl

f/Z/I

stroke



\;c=~\ Eb stitke iib ’A/y

43/”.





 





 





 





 





 





 





l l





lrl / f]





I, as shown in Fig. il, b, b, o. c, dividing

the boat into three equal parts.



The nails holding the false partitions

are not driven home, for when the ribs

and strakes, Fig. Ill, b, and Fig. V, are

nailed together, the partitions are re-

moved, their purpose bcing merely to get

the proper shape of the boat.



Two lengths of ll/L'Xlé-inch pine strips

are nailed to the stem and stern posts

and lightly to the top corners of the false



J





633 I

,t'K





I





 





 





They are about 9 inches apart from stem

to stern, and secured with brass screws

or copper nails.



The ribs in the center of the boat are

bent. into shape like the partitions, but

near the stem and stem they are

straighter, becpming perfectly straight at

the ends.



Fig. IV shows the ribs, and Fig. V

whatvare called the strakes, which are

secured to the ribs or barrel hoops with

copper nails.



Care must be taken to get the ribs and

strakes symmetrical from stem to stem,

or the boat will not balance properly

\l'hen the copper nails are being driven

through the junctions of the ribs and the

sti‘akes, another hammer should be held

on the inside of the connections to clinch

the nails and make the framework more

rigid. There are eleven strakes, evenly

distributed in the middle as shown in the

cross section of the boat at G.



Everything is now ready for the can-

vas, which in this case was made from

old awnings, but almost any kind of

strong canvas will do. The false parti-

tions, Fig. II, b, b, are removed, and the

canvas stretched over the top, as shown

at G and in larger detail at E in the same

cut. This is done before the top strip,

called the gunwale, is nailed on.



The canvas should be put on in widths,

commencing at the middle of the boat,

and cut to fit. The widths should be

stitched together.



The only tacks necessary are along the

top of the walls strakt- (see id, x) and at

the Stem and stern of the boat. The can-

vas must be wet, and perfectly stretched

by pulling hard and not letting go of your

hold until enough tacks are driven in to

hold it.



Fig. VI shows the boat without the

gunwaie. and Fig. Vii the boat complete.





It Should be thoroughly painted inside

and out with two coats of white lead

paint.



A seat or two nailed to the lx-‘PQ-inch

strips will help in bi':.l<i'iiig the sides, :11-

though to kneel or sit in the bottom of?

the boat is good enough. Paddles, much‘

like half on our, can be whittled out of

ash boards.



The strips of wood for the strokes.





gunwnles. etc, can usually be had for the

asking at any SilVl' mill, thus saving much

time in sawing them out with a rip-saw

from a plank or board. l



Fig. \‘lll shows the some kind of bonti

turned into a sail bout. Three strips. of;

wood, D, D, I). 31x41; inches, are nailed:





 





(17) 449





Nervous Wrecks

And Worn __0_ul Women





Find lleallliiiil Peace _In Stuart’s Cal-

cium Waters Because They

Enrich The Blood.





Trial Package Free.





For tired, unstrung, nervous and worn

out womanhood Stuart‘s calcium Wafers

act speedily, pleasantly and unlike medi—

cine or cures.



They go into the stomach like food; are

taken up by the blood and so enrich it

that it stops decay. adds tone and vigor

to the flesh and nerves and stimulates all

human machinery to a. fuller and better

efficiency.



Men know little of the agonies women

suffer from nerves and blood. The blood

is life and when it is impoverished it

needs to be enriched or woman who is so

intensely sympathetic suffers nervous

breakdown and decline.



Stuart‘s Calcium Wafers contain Cal-

cium Sulphide in great strength with oth-

er blood purifiers. They also contain al-

terntives and laxatives which relieve'

women of bowel and intestinal suffering

so Widely prevalent.



Stuart's Calcium Wafers are indorsed

by thousands of women, who feel the need

of a common sense, harmless, powerful

vigor and blood builder. All these things-

Stuart's Calcium Wafers will do. and do

so speedily as in many cases to be almost

unbelievable.



Do not suffer in silence, but after read-

ing this make up your mind to try just

one box of these little invigorators so

powerful yet so pleasingly presented to

the system in the form of wafers. Go to

your druggist and buy a box. Price 50c,

or send us your name and address and

we will send you it trial package by mail





 





free. Address F. A. Stuart Co, 42! Stuart

Bldg, Marshall. Mich.



Agents E P '1

Make normous ro l 8





Sell the Automatic Combination

., Tool in your home countyand earn

' $|2 daily. it will stretch all fencing.

pull posts, “it lleai'yloads. adjust ma-

, chinery; also used us Press. Vise.

Wrench. etc. Made of Malleable Iron

Welght 24 lbs. Capacity

lbs. Guaranteed for one year.

,r‘ Useful the year round. We give you a tree

'---"I ten daytrinl. Semi noinoney butacuriltoday



' sure, and get our speclal offer to live agents.

No experience necessary. We teach you free

how to make sales Act quickly and name

County in which you reside.





AUTOMATIC JACK 00. 5' "'3‘“ 5“"





Bloomfield, Ind.

SAVE MONEY by using galvan-

ized Steel Posts, any length, may

be driven or anchored. For farms,

vineyards and railroads. Guar-

. anteed against natural elements

W, 30 to 50 years. Price 250. for

six-foot posts. Catalogue free.

KENT FENCE POST 00.,

Kent, Ohio





 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





partitions, as shown in Fig. III. Two

more pine strips, lxlé-inch, Fig. III, b,

are nailed to about the middle of the stem

and stern posts. and to the middle of the

round parts of the partitions. It will be

well further to secure these strips to the

posts by placing a wedge-shaped block

between, and winding 21 piece of copper

wire around, as shown at: F. in cut at

bottom of page. A true'section through

the center of the boat is given at G in the

same cut.



The most difficult part of the boat

building is the next step, putting on the

ribs. These are made from barrel hoops.





/3(é ’

61/1”er





 





 





.ZJ'.





 





 





 





 





 





9

/'3” \‘ ’//

Kl? / /// ///

//m

Q”VI.£ ’/ ’ 'fllfl/f .r/mfe.





 





 





A/fléa





 





 

 

 

 

 





across the top of the bout, one at the

('ciiici' (lllll one near col-b. cm]. A hole,

10, iii the first one is made for the mast,





a lllm‘k oi‘ Wood, A, with :1 similar,

hole for the some purpose, milled to

the keel board immediately umleriientlLl



The rudder, Fig. \‘lll, made from;

Tit-inch siul‘l‘, rounded out to lit the stei'n,i

and notched \i'hei’e shown to escape the“

projecting screw-eyes, I", I“. on the boot.

Screw-eyes, (J, (l. are sci in the rudder,

to match, and ti bunt wire rod, ll, model

to pass through them. The rudder Hllilllltlj

be a little less in height than the boot;

and its width is determined by the curve





\\'li ilo

is





is





 





   

 





 





( W ”> 3 '

W Ill/LIAMl 2'—

, - -





"





 





 

 

 

 





EAUi‘oMiliiiir ENGINEERING—51.26:.”





. kinds.





Don’t Rust Farm Fence





vily galvanized. Sold



to farmers at

ninilul’ucrui‘crs' prices.

Also Poultry and Drum

mental “'ire ninl Iron

Fences. Siilctrm-k drab

ers‘protlis. (hltzlloiz l'ri'i'.

Gt‘l Hpr-ciéll Hill-r. “'riic.





THE WARD FENCE no.

In: 375. orcnun,





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





til i

‘ . . an to-

mobilos and gusolluo engines. study at. homo, prepare

yourself for grunt advancement. Our students are

always in demand and are prepared to fill positions

us salesmen. i-linull‘i-urs. uutomohilc repairing or gnra 8

work. zluionlobilo factory or gas engine work of“ 21 1

Individual instruction. Hniilll monthly pay-

ments. Scull for our complete. catalogue ill. once.

MICHIGAN AUTO SCHOOL, Saginaw. Mlcll.

\ fANTl‘Zl) Ft)“ U. S. ARMY—Allle-llodied, un-

.' married llli'll. lit‘i‘li‘i‘ll onus of 1H zlilil 3:"): citizen8

of l'nitcd Stall-s. oi” good character and tom erzlte

liubiL-i. who can speak. rczld tllltl write the Emails 1 lain-

minim. For iilfornint ion apply to RecruitingUtficor 212

Griswold Street. Del roit. IllichigniizHcai'enricli Block

Saginaw. Michigan: (‘orncr lst d' Saginaw Streets:

Fliili...’\1ii'liig:lli: 110 E. Main SL. Jackson. Michigan

cln‘npl‘ Huron A\'t‘.lllli' .l' Qua) Si root, l’ot‘t HuronJlicli‘.





I I

Let Me Start You in Business l

I “'1” furnlsh the advertising. matter and the plans.

I “aniline eluceru. curries! man in every town and

Liiu'llHIIID. Farmers. Mechanics. Builders. Small

business man. anyone anxious to improve. his cono





 





 





; iliiioll Address (.‘oinllicrciol llcmocrnry, Dept D30. Elvria.fllli..





. YOUNG MEN WANTED ‘

of“ Vl‘Yl‘l‘llllNARY profession. to ('Ei‘tldfigi:





/ . .

“y. “ ii‘t‘ti. GRAND RAPIDS VETERINARY

K‘\ C(lLLEii‘ E, Den. 11 Grand Rapids, Mich.





 





wanle —Men and“ VVomi-n for general hospital

’_ work. \'\ ill (filllHlflel' illlplli‘alinll of man

and info. Steady i-iilploynieili, referenci- required.





University Hospital, Catherine. St, Ann Arbor. Mich.





WANTED—Mumps] man to take charge and

. work on lni‘ni. Must. be a worker

and capable. House, garden, c HY, wood and chickens

furnished. State ago. expnriviice.wages rind retort-lice.

Address Box bl), cure M li‘liIGAN FAliMrzll. Detroit.

BHAUTIFI‘L HIGH GRADE





1‘. 0 l. 0 II F. I) POST cAnns ANSORTMENT I no





llEAU'l‘Il-‘l’l. t‘tlHHtED FLOWER POST (‘Aiflifll

your mime or town greetings in gold or each. 0c

UNITED STATES ART. 150 lennu St., New York.

ALWAYS mention the MICHIGAN FARM“

U I

when no are writing to advertisers.
'\;,'/





450





of the stern. The cross-bar, I, 131/2 inches

long by 21,5 inches wide, is whittled out of





(18)





. a piece of, wood, a square hole, J, being





made in the center to match the square

end, or rudder stockn K, K, of the.rud-

der. The 'screw-eyes, L, L, shown in the

strips of wood acrOss the top of the boat.

are for the rudder guide ropes.



These boys made a very simple “leg of

mutton” sail from sheeting,‘ bound on

the three sides with light rope, and fast-

ened to the mast with ‘wire rings. An

eyelet was made in the lower corner for

a short length of rope, called the sheet-

rope. The mast was only five or six feet

in height, no attempt whatever being

made to get proper proportions, either in

mast 0r sail. This boat was sailed very

successfully on a large fresh water lake.





A FURY IN FEATHERS.





 





BY JENNIE E. STEWART.



“Mary,” called mother, from the kitch-

en doorway, “do you think you could

possibly find me a few more fresh eggs





for your birthday cake?”

“I’ll try, mother,” I promised cheer—

fully from my swing where I had been





working up power till I could just reach

the tops of the tall lilac bushes with the

tips of my bare brown toes.



“I'll let the old cat die,” I whispered,

wondering vaguely where I should search

further for hidden nests.



\Vhile my swing glided back and forth

in an ever—decreasing arc, I happened to

spy old Topknot slipping along in the tall

grass beside the corncrib, finally disap-

pearing altogether. I had known for

weeks that Topknot had stolen her nest

somewhere but all my careful searching

had failed to detect her hiding place.

Giving the “old cat" a rather sudden jolt

into eternity, I skipped at once to the

spot where Topknot had slipped from my

Sight and, sure enough, there was a hole

just large enough to admit the slender

body of a mite like Topknot.



Entering the granary, l peered through

every crack in the floor until i discov-

ered the brown back of the hen rising

above a low depression, and knew by the

way she was wriggling her small body

about with well spread wings that she

was sitting on a full nest of eggs.



Anxious to find how many she had, and

how soon we could expect the chickens to

hatch, l pried at a plank without being

able to move it. While thus engaged I

discovered a second nest filled with fresh

appearing eggs not. far from the first.



I was now all the more determined to

get at the nests, so I tugged and pried

at every board in the old floor until I

found one at the further end which I

could raise, leaving an opening large

enough for me to slip my long lean body

through.



Beneath

great deal

joist then

enough to





to do a

under one

came near

out with a





the granary I had

of wriggling, first

another, before I

Topknot to reach





lath, pry her up and see what she. had

beneath her. The nest was full, and by

the shiny appearance and the clangy





sound they gave forth I knew they were

about ready to hatch. My heart beat

high with joy, for all chicks hatched in





stolen nests were regarded as my es-

pecial property.

As long as my stick was beneath her





disturbing her eggs, Topknot stuck closely

scolding and fussing, trying

best she could, but

as soon as -l and attempted to

work my way up to the other nest she

shot like an arrow, straight for my face.

I was in pretty close quarters by this

time and could get but one arm free to

defend myself, the other being doubled

back beneath my body.



The little fury would back off a few

feet and come at me with lowered wings,

striking stinging blows with wings and

and I am not sure but she used

her sharp little claws, She stirred

up such a stitling dust in the dry dirt

that I could not open my eyes to see, even

if there had been anything I could do to

fight her off. i had no idea a tiny hen

could strike such sharp blows with her

wings.



I was soon compelled to curve my arm

about my head to protect my face, and

let her batter away while I tried to back

out. This was not so easy as I had

thought. My skirts, which my forward

movements had kept stretched smoothly

back, now that I tried to move in the

opposite direction, rolled up in a tight

wad and wedged me in so tightly that 1'

could .not move an inch. There was no

chance to move sidewise because of the

joists which here came so close to the

ground as to barely allow Topknot pas-

sage beneath; I could only bury my face

in my arm, which was already bruised,





nest,

them as

dcsistcd





to her

to protect





beak,

too.





. v





THE ' MICHIGAN FARMER.





scratched and bleeding, and call for help.



I soon abandoned this idea, for I knew

mother was busy in the kitchen quite a

distance away and the men all in me

fields; besides, my noise only made the’

hen more furious.



After' I ceased my cries and lay per-

fectly still, the hen gradually gave up

the fight and returned to her eggs, croon-

ing, wriggling and shuffling them about,

all the time keeping a belligerent eye

upon me.



I was sore from my beating and cramp-

ed from the narrow quarters, therefore

when Biddy settled down quietly I began

to cast about for a way out of my pre-

dicament.



Topknot's nest was on the other side of

a joist from me and I believed that if I

could sweep the loose dirt up against the

narrow opening that separated her com-

partment from mine, so that she could no

longer see me, she would remain quietly

upon her eggs while I managed some way

to work my way out.



To this end I commenced, with my free

arm, to scoop the dirt, with long slow

sweeps so as to attract as little attention

as possible, up against the joist.



Once or twice, as my movements be-

came less cautious, the hen slid towards

me with rumpled feathers, but a sharp

blow on the legs with the lath I had

again secured sent her fussing back to

her eggs.



As I worked forward the hollowed out

space afforded me greater freedom of

movement, and when I reached the nest

of fresh eggs I placed them carefully in

the little basket I had been tumbling

ahead of me for the purpose. But I was

not out yet.





There was no room for me to turn

around; to back out was impossible; I

saw that I must dig my way under the





next joist So, beginning in the depression

that ran at right angles to the joist, I

soon had an opening large enough to

squirm through.



1 was now headed in the right direction

to creep out head first with my precious

basket of eggs. I had reached the place

where the receding character of the

ground rendered my progress quite easy

when suddenly I felt a stinging rain of





 





 

 





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LOTHCRAFT





VERY man who cares to be faultlessly dressed

at a saving of $5 to $10 on each suit ought to

investigate Clothcraft Clothes. With the ad-



vantages that you can prove to your own satisfaction,

and the hidden quality assured by the Clothcraft

guaranty, you have about everything a man desires

in his clothes. And that’s more than you’d expect

at $10 to $25.





The advantages you can see are the beauty of the fabric. the correct

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blows on my bare legs, and I kner that

I had come once more within the range

of Topknot’s vision and she was making

a rear attack. I could sit up almost

straight by this time, so, gathering my

feet beneath my skirts [ dealt the hen

some stout blows with my fist that soon

sent her, scolding angrily, once more

to her nest, while I crept out into the

yellow sunshine, feeling as though I had

been away a week.



I felt hurt that mpther expressed more

delight at the sight of.the fresh eggs

than she did at the safe return of her

little daughter, but when her glance fell





upon my torn and dusty clothing, my

scratched and bleeding arm, she cried,

“Sakes alive, child, where have you

been?"





Then I sobbed out the whole story in

mother’s arms, and when I looked up at

last to dry my tears I found mother’s

eyes as wet as my own.



Topknot came off in a few days with

fourteen as lively chicks as hen ever

owned. It is needless to say that no rat

or other nightly maurauder ever suc-

ceeded in stealing one of them from her.





SMILE PROVOKERS.





 





“My ancestors came over on the May-

llouet'.”



“’l‘hat’s nothing;

from an aeroplane.”





my father descended





 





“John!” she exclaimed, jabbing her el—

bow into his ribs at 2:17 a. m., “did You

lock the kitchen door?"



.\nd .lolm, who is inner guard and was

just then dreaming over last evening’s

lodge meeting, sprang up in bed, made

the proper sign and responded: “\Vorthy

ltuler, our portals are guarded.”





 





A certain militant suffragist in VVest

Philadelphia has a seven—year—old daugh-

ter who has imbibed her mother’s prin-

ciples with regard to the intellectual effi-

ciency of women.



In school the other day the teacher was

telling the class—made up equally of boys

and girls—something about hens.



“You can’t teach a hen anything,” she

said. “You can teach a dog or a cat, but

you can’t teach a hen. There is nothing

quite so stupid as a hen.”



The suffragist’s daughter threw her

curly head back defiantly, and contradict-

ed the teacher then and there.



“That’s not fair,” she burst out, “and

I don’t think it’s true. I guess a hen

knows every bit as much as a rooster.”





sinus. trimmings and workmanship; lasting shape, service and satisfaction.





To combine all these advantages in clothes at $10 to 525 has been

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Sixty-one years’ study of the making of good clothes at medium prices.



It will be worth your while to investigate Clothcraft Clothes for your-

self. Go to the nearest Clothcraft Store, or write us direct. We’ll gladly

send you the Clothcraft style—folder for spring, and a booklet picturing

the clean, light shop where Clothcrait Clothes are made, together with

name of the nearest Clothcraft dealer.





THE JOSEPH & FEISS COMPANY





Founded 185o—Oldest American

Manufacturers of Men's Clothes





623 St. Clair Ave., N.W.

Cleveland





   

   

 





 





 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   





 





 





 

 

 





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.u..n.. a;
APRIL 15-, 1911.





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





 





 





 





a

1





 





5 ? mineral





At Home .. and Elsewhere





%





'0 The One Lack That Means Discontent.





 





women by “1 L.- L.. of Pontiac,

in a recent contribution to the

“Letter Box." '



He says that he knows college girls

who are happy and contented on the

farm, and then takes all the honey out of

his remark by adding, parenthetically, “If

that state or condition is possible to

w’omankind.”



That seems to be an attitude of mind

cemmon to men, the belief that women,

as a rule, are discontented. At least,

most men affect that attitude. but wheth—

er it is real or posed I scarcely know.

\Vhatever the cause that prompts men

to assume it, it is a belief they should

part with for there isn't enough truth in

it to make it tenable.



Granted, there are a great many dis-

cOntented women in the world. There

are just as many contented ones. prob-

ably more. if the truth were only known.

The trouble is we never hear from the

contented ones. while the discontented

ones are always talking. Isn’t that a

trait of human nature’.’ Even in baby-

h‘ood we see it. Give a baby everything

it wants and it is quiet. But what an

uproar it makes if it doesn‘t get what it

wants. The same rule applies to Women.

\l’omen who have everything they want

are contented and quiet. They make no

fuss. whatever. and because they do not

call attention to themselves they are ov-

erlooked and their contentment and hap-

piness pass by unnoticed. But the women

who do not have What they desire, even

if it is something they are not in need of,

are constantly attracting the attention

of everyone to their grievances.



I have a theory about the discontent of

women which may or may not be right.

From my study of the contented and the

discontented alike I have come to believe

that there is only one thing missing in

the lives of the latter class to make

them like the former. and that is love.

No, I am not sentimental. nor a dreamer,

but I do believe that love is the only

thing in the world that is worth while.

but the moonshiny stuff that fiction writ—

ers try to palm off on us for the real

thing. but the good old bed-rock variety.

The love of husband and wife. after ten

years of real living together: the love of

a mother for her children and of the child

for the parents; the love of friend for

friend that means sacrifice and loyalty,

this is the sort of love that the discont-

ed woman is missing.



Perhaps her husband and Children love

her enough. but she hasn't the right sort

of love for them. It may be she is not

capable of a deep love, unfortunately

many people aren't. Selfishness may be

so deeply ingrained in her nature that

’she can't love anyone better than her-

self. and if so her case is hopeless. Or it

may be she married the wrong man or

made the mistake of marrying for a

home. Whatever it is. the love she should

feel for her husband and family is not

there, and discontent follows as a na—

tural result. The love her family be-

stows upon her cannot satisfy her. for love

is such a queer thing it must be bestowed

on others if it is to bring us happiness.

It, more than any other gift, is a thing

to be shared and not simply received if

it is to bring happiness.



Perhaps my theory is wrong, but among

the women I know the happiest and most

contented ones are the loving ones, the

ones who are devoted to their homes and

their families. I have noticed over and

over that the woman who is pitied by

her friends because she is tied down with

children and housework, is ten times

happier than those same friends who

spend their time running from card par-

ties to theaters, from luncheons to balls.

in pursuit of that elusive thing called

happiness.



“Curved is the line of beauty,

Straight is the line of duty.





Follow the one and thou shalt see

The other will always follow thee.”





So happiness, which is a form of beau-

ty, follows in the wake of the woman

who chooses duty. Material possessions

bringpleasygiqazway, but pleasure angw





THAT was an unkind cut given to





happiness are very dissimilar. And of

what value is money without love? As

a wise man says. “Better is a dinner of

herbs where love is. than a stalled ox and

hatred therewith.”



DEBORAH.





EASTER NOVELTIES.





BY MRS. w. K. LAMB.

.Dainty and unique Easter gifts may

be made by a combination of tissue paper





and egg shells. Empty the egg shell

through a small hole in one end. Place

a few shots in

the shell and a





spoonful of plas—

ter Paris to hold

them in place so

that the egg shell

balances on one

end. Draw a

droll little. face

on one side. fas-

ten 3 pointed cap

of gay crepe or

tissue paper on the top and you have

something to delight the little folks.



Cut from tissue paper of pale pink or

yellow. heart—shaped petals about two

inches wide and tWo and a half long. Curl

the upper edges of each so as ‘to re-

semble a rose petal by drawing between

the thumb and a dull knife.



Arrange five petals in a semi-circle.

curled edges in and over-lapping one an-

other and fasten with library paste.



Now take half an egg shell, :1 white

one if you have it, and not too large,

draw a pretty little face on the end and

arrange the five petals around it so that

the face peeps out of the center.



Draw the lower ends together and at-



tach a fine wire



/ \ l\ for a stem. Then



\ around the stem

arrange o t h e r

petals to give it

the appearance

of a half-blown

rose. using li-

brary paste to

fasten them.

Make a calyx

. by slashing a

piece of olive green paper 25/221115 inches

into five strips. leaving them attached on

one end. \Vith thumb and finger twist

up each of the strips until they resemble

the sections of a. rose calyx.



Arrange it around the stem close to

the petals and wind the stem with a

strip of green paper of same shade. If





 





 





you have some foliage a rose leaf or two

would add greatly to the flower.



Paper Easter lilies, daffodils and large

pansies may be made in the same way

and are always novelties among Easter

remembrances.





 





TESTING FABRICS.





BY LALIA MITCHELL.

in these days of ”near“ silk and linen





and clever imitations of all kinds of

goods, the woman who can make a pur-

chase and yet be absolutely certain Whit

she is buying. needs more than the wis-

dom of 3. Solomon. Where samples are

taken home to be tested her chances are

somewhat better, especially if she be

versed in a few simple and yet reliable

tests.



Ravel a thread from the material to be

tested and touch a match to it. Cotton

burns quickly and without any odor;

linen burns much like cotton but leaves

a finer ash, and isflalso~odorl§ss; silk





 





 





$





burns IeSS freely than cotton but more

rapidly than wool and has a slight odor,

which, however. differs from the wool

odor; wool burns slowly, the thread

shrivelling before the flame, and it also

has an unmistakable odor. For an in—

fallible test, put four or five teaspoonfuls

of lye in a dish and add a very little

water. n this put a few threads of the

fabric to be tested. Let stand a few

minutes and strain through a fine sieve.

The threads will retain their form if of

cotton or linen but if of silk or wool will

have been eaten by the lye.





FOR EASTER.





 





 





BY GENEVA M. SEWELL.



Eastertide is a time so given to sweet

and holy thoughts, that the custom of

giving some litt token of affection in

remembrance of the day is appropriate,

as well as pleasant. The children will

take delight in making various articles

from egg shells and will also love to color

the eggs. For five cents you can get a.

package of Easter egg dyes at the drug

stores and these will last several years.



For some wet-ks before Easter save all

the egg shells by making a hole in the

small end and shaking the contents out.

If the eggs are to be cooked try and‘

break them as slightly as possible on one

end. This will leavea large part of the

shell, which I will tell you how to use.



Dye the empty egg shells any preferred

color, but first write some name or make

a star on the shell with lard.

greasy place will not take the dye and

will be white. “'hen the dye is dry rub

the egg Well all over, spreading the





grease over it to give it a polish, then

through the small opening pour clean

white sand until two-thirds full. then i





paste a piece of paper over the opening

and you have a fine paper weight for

papa‘s or grandpa's desk. It will set up





This l





 





on the end where you put the paper and’

the sand keeps it in position. Make as!

many of these as you like. You can

make each one a different Color, or color

one. two or three colors by greasing the

place you want left. then washing the

grease off and dying that part.



A very dainty little gift is made from

one of the large haircs of the eggs which

have been broken open. Break or chip

the edges in a lltlit‘ILV form, then rinse

the inside out. with a pink dye, making}

it a pale pink. then glue it fast to a‘

round piece of blotting paper which has

the edges turned up and crimped. The

outside may be dyed in a dainty blue

with a border of dark red at the top. .-\





 





handle may be made out of a narrow

strip of paper and glued in place. A tea-





pot may be made from a whole egg shell

with a lid drawn on in dyes. a smart

twist of paper glued on for a spout and

handle and legs glued on, these are made

out of rather stiff paper cut in hollow

tube shape for the legs- and the upper:

part spread out to glue on the shell. Out?

line all the edges with «lye. .\ cream;

pitcher and sugar bowl may be made to’

These are easily madel





 





go with the set.





i

and very pretty. |

l "





A match catcher may also be made:

from a half ej'g shell glued onto a Illet?ei

of cardboard. This may be tilled Willi

some candy or a pretty ribbon or a ringr

may be placed in it. l‘lgg shells also-

make fine cradles for tiny baby dolls.

The upper part is left on the egg, laying

on its side. to form the hood part. All

the opening is dyed as well as the inside

then all lined pink or blue cotton

like jewelers use and the baby snugly

tucked in it. Any little girl will like sev?

eral of these. 9



Do not imagine that this work is too

complicated to do. for I know of several

small children that have made all these

things and been very happy in the mak—

lielp them a little and tell





with





ing. .lust

them how.



To make starch stiff and glossy. add

one teaspoon of powdered borax to about

four quarts of starch—I. 0.



If you have some of the old lamp

brackets laid away. the kind with a ring

which the lamp set down into, try them

for plant brackets. If the saucer of the

plant jar doesn‘t fit a small plate may be

set on first.——M. M. N. .





 





‘ The steel Shoe Man.





(19) 451 ,





 





SendforOanLegMandLem

of the Many Ways You Can Save

Money About the Home by Using





“htholon 1 K

ni .402“) Km

Curd.





Everything" fro. Call! to



Jap-a-lac is a stain. varnish and enamel combined. It

comes already for use. You need no skill whatever to apply

it. All you do is Simply to spread it on With a brush. It has

a thousand and one uses. For example. there is nothing

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kitchen table. It costs less than otlcloth. wears forever.

Oilcloth isn’t lasting and only sanitary until it begins to

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Every time you wash it it grows a little bit more smelly. By

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the wood you can have n perfectly clean. waterproof table

which can be washed in an instant and be kept always

sweet and wholesome.



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which instantly puts them “110 a sanitary Condition.



Japan-lac saves money and makes money for those who

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and kllL‘IlCl’l tables. for tarnish-

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painting trunks and cmmcling

sinks. for restoring chairs.

tables. iron beds. bookcases

and many other things—all of

which are explained in a little

book which you can have for a

little request on a post card.



lap-a-liic is for sale in. at

least. one store in every town.

If your dealer happens to be

out of the color you want he

can get it. Insist on lap-a lac.

There is no substitute. You

can‘t get the results you Wish

With anything else. There is

only one Jap‘a-lac and that is

made by The CIILIKICI’X Varnish

Co. Be sure and send today

for the free book—it gives all.

the facts. A post card Will do.

Write it now. Address





The (Hidden Varnish Co.. Cleveland. Ohio-Toronto, Ont.

BRANCHES—New York. Chicago.





This Free Book

Will Save You

$20.00 a Year





Sale

of

I want to tell you all about &

my Celebrated Steel Shoes-why

one pair will outwear six pairs of

leather shoes—how» a pair will fl

giveyou more foot-comfort than you ever

had in your lite. How they will keep your feet

powder-dry all the time. How light and com-

tortable they are the year around.

I have told half a million others

these facts. They have bought

steel shoes of me and saved

millions of dollars among them.

Morethan that—they can be on

their teet all day—at any work,

without foot fatigue. And they

have gained health protection.





Steel Shoes





NMJUTHS'I'EIN prevent rheumatism, sciatica.

lumbaiqo, lame back and other





troubles caused by wet feet. I

want to show you the way to avoid these

dangers and all such troubles as tender feet,





corns, bunions, chilblains. and at the same

time show you a saving of $20 a year in

actual money on account of the extra

wear you get from my shoes.

Will you write me a postal to-

day and get full particulars?

Let me send you this free book

of mine by return mail.

Address





Ruthstein

The Steel Shoe Man . ..

1 05 Seventh St.





Racine. Wis.





 





All Sizer—20¢. to $3.00





 





 

 

   

 





   

 





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Makes and burns its own gas. Costa 2c. per

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M. GROSS 60., 2147 A at ve., New‘York.
452 i (20): ,





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





AN EASTER PARTY—BY MARJORIE MARCH





 





PRIL gives the entertainer the

A feast day of Easter around which



many pretty customs cling, and

hospitality wears the dress of spring-

time with gala air. It is not difficult to

make a clever entertainment at this sea-

son of the year, and with home-made





an egg-shaped box or one decorated with

little chicks or tied about with some

bright tinted ribbon in harmony with the

spirit of the season.

A Yellow and Violet Table.

Over a yellow undercloth stretch one

of white net. As a centerpiece have a





 





 





Chocolate Sponge Dessert Decorated with Chicks.





favors, or with those bought for a small

price in any favor shop, the table may

be bright with trifles significant of the

Easter season.





Our illustrations show two pretty

table effects. One depicts a tray with

chocolate dessert molds, a fluffy yellow





chick mounted guard on top ot‘ each. A

vase at the back holds the, gay daffodils

which seem like the captured sunshine

when first they smile in the springtime.



The second shows a dish that would )e

suitable at any Easter partyva dish of

Easter croquettes—madc from chicken or

any preferred meat, nestled in a bed of

parsley. An ornamental basket jardi-

niere with an Easter lily shows at the

right in the background.





‘—





For an Easter party send out invita-

tions on Easter cards, which may be





found in plentiful asortment in the

shops, on Easter postcards, or on cards

out in the shape of eggs, chickens or any

suggestive shape symbolic of the season.

Cards cut to represent. baskets with flow-

ers pasted to their back (the picture

flowers which can be bought by the card)

make very dainty invitations and the bid-

ding itself can be written on ate basket

portion.



Another novel idea is to send each

guest one of the little Easter egg boxes

which, when opened, will find a little note

of invitation to an “egg party" within.



“'hen the guests arrive a pleasant form

of amusement is to give each guest an

egg shaped box or envelops which can

contain a “picture puzzle." lf the regu-

lation picture puzzles can not be ob—

tained any ln-ight-colored pictures pasted

on cardboard can be cut into a puzzle

by the use of a sharp knife. The guests

can work singly or in couples, as pre-

ferred, and a prize can be given the one

who puts her picture together soonest.

The puzzles should be of about the same

size, of course, to make the contest equal.

Pistures relating to Easter time, chick-

ens, chicks in a basket, Caster lilies or

any such design would be suitable. The

prizes can be suggestive of the season

also. A bunch of ribbon flowers for the

hair, a picture of flowers or a real little

potted plant, a stickpin in Easter lily or

violet shape—these are just a few sug-

gestions. Or a more simple prize would

be a box of home-made candy, preferably





 





 





Daffodils in Background.





bowl of yellow glass filled with violets and

their leaves. Little baskets, gilded, can

hold the bonbons and the place cards

may be simple home—made ones, with a

gilded edge, a spray of violets tied to one

corner of the card by means of a golden

cord.



Another centerpiece that is altogether

lovely is to have a big bunch of ferns

hung.from the chandelier by means of a

violet ribbon bow, and drooping from this

can be little bunches of violets suspended

by green baby ribbons of varying length.



A Green and White Table.



A table set with a spotless white cloth

with two runners of smilax laid over the

cloth makes a dainty and simple appear-

ance. The centerpiece should he a grace—

ful green basket filled with pttre white

lily blooms or dainty narcissi. Or a pot

painted white can hold a lily or any bul-

bous plant, the pot being tied about with





a green ribbon. Tinted egg shells can

hang from the chandelier to the four





edges of the table, strung on baby rib-

bons, a knot in the ribbon keeping each

egg shell from slipping from its designed

place. Egg shells tinted green and each

holding a wee fern make dainty little

souvenirs at the places.



With Easter Chicks.



A basket filled with straw, holding a

large-sized box, eggs or candy eggs as

desired, makes a pretty centerpiece and

one easily arranged, and fluffy little

chicks can mount guard either on the

edge of the basket or on the basket’s

handle.



Plain white cards with the guest’s name

may be at the places, a wee cotton chick

stuck to the corner of each card by a

drop of mucilage. The bonbon boxes may

be simple boxes lined with crepe paper,

with a little chick perched on one edge.

Such decorations are very easy to make,

cost very little and give a daintiness to

the Easter table that is sure to be ap-

preciated by one’s guests.



Preserve the egg shape also in the

serving of viands. Croquettes can be

moulded in that design, as in our illus'-

tration. Round cakes can be iced to-

gether to form egg-shaped cakes and

may be served nestled in a bed of whip-

ped cream for dessert, and in many ways

of this sort the traditions of the day can

be maintained by simple devices.





\





Where economy holds sway and it is

not possible even to buy the little favors

suggested above, let me suggest that a

plain iced cake, baked in a turkshead

tin, makes a pretty centerpiece. A few

ferns or one or two blossoms from the

window garden may grace the central

hole, and a frill of crepe paper form a.

mat for the cake to rest upon.



At the places, home-made candy boxes

lined with crepe paper can hold home-

made candy which makes the nicest

of Easter gifts, or tiny flower pots may

be gilded, filled with candy and have a

little home-made paper flower stuck in

the top of each flower pot. Oranges

opened like daisies with a daffodil or jon-

quil stuck in the top of each, make a

fruit course that is as pretty as any

springtime dish could be.



I give below a number of recipes that

are simple and suitable for this season

of the year. Let the spirit of newness

enter the home and the hearts of those

who appreciate that “Now is the Day of

Joyfulness." The peace which comes

from hospitality and cheer may “rise in—

deet" from such hearts, which should be

thrilling with the sense of springtime’s

resurrection.



Chicken Mousse.

To one cup of white meat of chicken





‘add a tablespoonful of minced ham and





one cup of stock or gravy with the beaten

yolks of two eggs. Cook just a little and

set to one side to cool. , Turn in a table-

spoonful of gelatine which has soaked in

a very little water, also one cup of

whipped cream and the beaten whites of

the two eggs. Add a very little salt.

Beat all well together, put in moulds and

set on the ice for several hours until





wanted. Serve on lettuce leaves. This

recipe is dainty enough for any recep-

tion or wedding breakfast. If desired





the moulds may be oval so that the egg

shape is suggested when the mousse is

turned out.



Chicken with Veal.



("ut cooked chicken in small pieces and

add an equal amount of cold roast veal.

lleat one cup of chicken soup and season

to taste, with salt, pepper and a little

mustard. Add the chicken and veal and

let cook for five or six minutes and then

add three tablespoonfuls of currant jelly.

Serve hot, garnished with parsley.



Baked Apple Dumpling.



l\Iake a delicious crust of one cup of

cream, one heaping teaspoonful of baking

powder, salt, and llour to roll. Cut in

rounds or squares. Have sliced apples

and put some on each crust, covering

with cinnamon and sugar to taste. Bake

in a hot oven and; serve with cream or

whipped cream.



Nut Eggs.



Cream one cupful of granulated sugar



and one-half cup of butter and add grad-





APRIL 15, 1911.





ually one cupful chopped nutmeats.

Add one beaten egg and gradually

one and three-fourths cups of flour





with two teaspoonfuls of baking powder,

alternately with one-half cup of strong,

clear coffee. Bake in oval patty pans and

frost with Mocha frosting. Serve in a.

ring of ice cream or in‘ a nest of green

leaves.



Strawberry Omelet.



Beat the yolks of six eggs very light,

with a heaping teaspoonful of powdered

sugar. Into this stir one. teaspoonful of

cornstarch, dissolved in three tablespoon=

fuls of cream. Add the beaten whites of

the eggs. Fry in a hot omelet pan, spread

with fresh strawberries—(or strawberry

jam as preferred), fold and sprinkle over

with powdered sugar.



' Strawberry Ice Cream.



To one quart of preserved strawberries

add one quart of thin cream and two

cups of granulated sugar (one of sugar,

only, if preserves are very sweet), boiled

with one-half cup of water to a syrup.

Mix well, strain and freeze. Pack in

small moulds in flower pot shapes and

put an Easter lily or jonquil in the top of

each when unmoulded. The same recipe

may be made with preserved peaches or

pineapples. Jonquils or daffodils look

better when used with these fruits, and

the Easter lily or paper narcissus, or 8.

pink rose, if the strawberry is used.



Preserved Cherry and Nut Salad.



Stone some canned cherries and insert

a nut meat in each cherry. Serve on let-

tuce leaves with mayonnaise dressing on

top of each portion.





WOMEN’S CONGRESS.





 





The women’s congress was held in the

agricultural building, Miss Gilchrist pre-

siding at the first session. Miss Fern

Livcrance rendered a piano solo, and

responded to an encore. Miss Gilchrist

bade them welcome and then introduced

the first speaker of the afternoon, Mrs.

ll. ll. Fulcher, of St. Louis, Mich, who

gave a talk on “The Parent’s Obliga-

tions to the Child.” This talk was pro-

nounced one of the best of the kind that

had ever been given at the Round-up.

Mrs. F. D. .Saunders, of Rockford, and

Mrs. Munroe discussed the paper.



“The Prevention of Infant Mortality"

had been assigned to Mrs. C. L. Barber,

of Lansing. Mrs. Barber'being callefl

away the subject was discussed by Dr.

Chas. E. Marshall, of the M. A. C. Dr.

Marshall stated that infant mortality had

caused more or less consternation, es-

pecially the mortality of children under

one year of age. He drew attention to

the fact that new forces have tended to-





ward a gradual elimination of children

from the upper classes, and to large,

families from the lower classes. Increase





 





 





 





 





E aster Qroq uettes.





 





 





 





 





 





Easter Lilies in Basket Jardlnleres.





 





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APRIL 15, 1911.





In population has come largely from the

lower classes. He added that Dr. Cressy

Wilbur, of the New York census depart-~

ment, has called attention to the fact

that as we grow better there is a gradual

dying out and population grows from

tue lower classes. In pioneer times con-

ditions existing in the home were quite

different from the present. At that time

there was the home circle. and the home

was the unit. Not so much the com-

munity unit. The home life built charac-

ter differently. These community duties

are essential.



What influence has this had on infant

mortality? Are interests centered so

much in the home? You are going to

spend so much energy. if you spend 50

per cent of your energy outside of the

home, you are not going to spend so

much in the home. You are taking 50

per cent out of your home.



How far we are to carry this is still

another problem. The matter of con-

genital diseases transmitted from parent

to offspring is a matter worthy of con-

siderable attention. Asylums are filled

largely because of diseases transmitted.

\Ve all hav’e very vague notions concern-

ing heredity. Parents transmit to their

offspring health or disease. Tuberculosis

shows instances of mother and father

succumbing to the disease, then all the





children. How much is heredity and how

much something else. transmitted sus-

ceptibility, and disease acquired after

birth’.’ In heredity animals differ. As





far as contagion is concerned individuals

differ in contracting a disease. In infant

mortality the food of the child is respon-

sible to a great extent. Mortality is of-

ten traced back to milk. In pioneer times

milk was used fresh. now it often stands

24 to 36 hours. Hauling. standing. and

handling milk are sources of contamina-

tion. in Rochester. N. Y., it has been

determined that milk is the cause of high

death rate. Skin diseases are often

caused by improper quality of food. or

wrong care of the child. Any mother

knows that if a child is not cared for

every day. and nearly every hour. skin

diseases result. Heredity gives a pre-

disposition to disease. Congenital dis—

eases are more often the cause of infant

mortality than unsanitary conditions. To

sum it up we must look for causes of

high mortality among children, to dress.

dissipation, conditions of society. here-

dity, feeding. and congenital diseases.



0 Miss Jennie Buell then followed the

discussion with a talk on “Health and

Heredity in Home and School."



Practical demonstrations in bacteriol-

ogy were given Friday morning in the

bacteriological laboratory under the su-

pervision of Dr. Marshall, and carried

out by Miss Farrand and Miss Northrup.

Miss Farrand spoke of the common arti-

cle of our diet known for ages back even

before Bible times, capable of sustaining

life longer than anything else excepting

milk, referring. of course, to bread. She

then gave a talk on its composition and

making. Regarding cucumber pickles

Miss Fai'and said to place the pickles in

a strong brine, then cover with a cloth

and plate and over this a weight. Skim

off every few days. Pour over this par-

ratin oil, or make air tight after fer-

mentation is over. The pickles will keep

better if not exposed to the air and are

less apt to soften. The experiment sta-

tion aims to find a germ and inoculate

the large tanks in pickle factories, thus

securing a line—keeping pickle.



Miss Northrup then took up the sub-

ject of milk. showing how it may become

contaminated. This is found first in the

burn where the milking is done. Cow

hairs often fall in the pail and particles

of manure from the cow‘s flanks drop off.





Tubes and plates were then passed

around showing the effect of the con—

tamination of milk from these sources,





and the development of growths of a few

germs from refuse and litter. Colonies

spring from these germs, Hi’ten uiilkers

brush cows just before milking and stir

up dust particles. all containing. or hav-

ing upon their surface. harmful germs.

In order to keep milk from getting dust

don‘t loosen dust particles. The new

pails are an improvement, having a small

opening. Plates were next exhibited

showing germs and growth of the dust

particles that fall in one minute under

ordinary conditions in an open top milk

pail, and growths from a single germ

and the colonies that develop from one

single germ.



The question was asked, “Are germs

always poisonous?" Miss Northrup re~

plied, “Not always; they are sometimes

harmless." Another source from which

germs may come is the milker. A milker

should have clean habits and wear clean





\





THE .MICHIGAN FARMER.





clothes. At M. A. C and in many other

dairies, milkers wedr clean white clothes,

and it is easily noticed if they are soiled.

Some milkers. in order to facilitate mllK-

ing, wet their hands in milk or even

saliva and pollutions are carru... ‘llllO the

milk. In order to keep clean milk. rub

off the cows’ flanks and udder with a

damp cloth. If not, the dry germs will

fall into the milk. If the milker has a

disease of any kind, as tuberculosis, the

germs are liable to fall into the milk.

\Vitii skin diseases, particles from the

hands may drop into the milk. Such

diseases as typhoid fever, scarlatina,

diphtheria. catarrh, cholera. etc. may be

transmitted by milk. Pails should al-

ways be of metal, never of wood. which,

being porous absorbs such bacteria as

needs moisture for development. A dem-

onstration was then given showing the

effects of carelessly washed pails, pitch-

ers. and bottles used for holding milk.

Cleanliness must be observed in bedding,

stalls, floor, kind of drainage. and gen-

eral construction of stalls. In steriliz-

ing milk all germs are killed, the tem-

perature reading 212 degrees, Fahrenheit.

In pasteurizing, the milk must reach 161'-

170 degrees and be kept there 20 minutes

or longer to destroy micro-organisms.

The question was asked. “Why is pas-

teurized milk better for babies than ster-

ilized?” and the answer was that ster‘

ilization produces such changes that it

is hard to digest.



hirs. Stockman asked, under general

conditions, if travelling for a few days

with a baby on, a milk diet. would it not

be better to sterilize than to pasteurize

the milk?" “If it is to be kept 21 long

time it would be better to sterilize. if

for a short time. pasteuriziug would be

better, as it does not render the milk so

indigestible.” was the reply



Some samples of milk were then

shOWn. Red milk is not always Moody

but is caused by bacteria. Bluc milk is

caused by an organism not harmful. but

makes the milk unpalatable. more from an

aesthetic sense than from any other rea-

sons. Fermented milk is supposed to be

healthful. The longevity of the people

of Bulgaria has been attributed to this.

Koumiss may be made artificially by ad-

ding cane sugar to milk. Cooling milk

with pure ice does not curdle it as it has

few germs. A cloth strainer is the best,

cheapcr and more efficient. Milk should

never be covered when warm.



At the Friday afternoon session Mrs.

E. J. Creyts, chairman. Miss Grace Scott





gave a piano solo and Mrs. Emma .\.

Campbell. Ypsilanti. an address on

“Household Management." Then fol-





lowed two selections by the choir from

the Industrial School. and two readings

by Miss Nettie Kull, of Lansing. Miss

Ida Chitenden gave a very practical paper

on "Business Methods for Farmers‘





\Vives." This was ably discussed by

Mrs. Rose. of Frankfort. and Mrs. F. D.

Saunders, of tockford. The "Home





Reading Table" was given by Mrs. Carl-

ton W. Scott. of Rapid City. and was dis-

cussed by Mrs. l-logue, Mrs. Stockinan,

Mrs. Hume and others.



The following resolution was passed

and a copy forwarded to Mr. Barnum at

his home in Charlotte.



East Lansing. March 3. 1911.



“\\'e. the ladies of the V‘Vomcn‘s Con-

gress of the Round-up Institute desire

to express our sympathy to Mr. Barnum

in this time of bereavement, caused by

the going away of Mrs. Barnum. V



“Hcrs was a life of helpful service, that

reaching out blessed all she touched. Yet

we cannot but believe that in the Great

Beyond. unhampercd by earthly limita-

tions. her life will reach the glorious

fruition promised here."





 





NEW STYLES AND COLORS.



The most noticeable feature of spring

fashion tendencies is the use of black.

-\ touch of black is seen on evcrything.

a black band on a skirt. a black wing on

a hat, black headings, or black and white

stripes. Everywhere there is black. and

after a few seasons without this touch

of midnight. the effect is pleasing because

of its newness. We are to thank the

English court for the fashion, mourning

for the late king making black essential

in that particular social set. Black and

white stripes in silks and suitings are

very good. ‘



This is a season of stripes. Striped

silks with plain borders are shown for

milady’s gown; striped percales for the

children's suits; striped madras, in col-

ors and in white, striped ginghams. lawns

and dimities for shirtwaists, and the hair

line stripes. a white cloth with a fine

black stripe, for suitings.





 





Linene is the name of a fabric that is

much used for inexpensive shirtwaists. As

the name would lead you to think, it is

somewhat like linen in appearance,

though it is really cotton. It is much

liked because it does not crush. Linon

is another cousin of linen, and then. of

course, linen itself is shown. The popu-

lar linens this summer are fine.



The modish suit is of satin. either black

or dark blue. Long coats of satin are

extremely good, too, and of brocade silk

as well. In cloth suits. French and storm

serges lead in popularity, black and dark

blue being chosen colors here also. Eng-

lish suitings in gray or tan. which have

been good all winter, still remain in

favor.



Sheer goods are to the fore this sum—

mer and cotton voiles promise to have

an unusual popularity.



The new hats are really pretty and be-

coming. on the whole, though. of course,

there are a few freak styles.

and sailors reign





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





/





/

hats.





straw and are little trimmed. as be-

comes the strcet hat. The dress huts

still groan wish a burden of plumes.





though flowers are used to some extcnty‘





small rosebuds being especially good.





l‘oral is one of the leading now colors.





Then there is Helcn pink, coronation

blue. and losiund grccu. Those, with

the popular black and white and dark

blue offer a plcusluu \“uricty.





SOME HELPS FOR CROCHET

WORKERS.

BY Mil: Y. ii.\ii.\i~‘i-‘Y.



The art of crocheiiug. like many an-

other art or Cl'tiil, has its pcriods of pop-

uloi'ity, and just now this art is at the

fore in nu czlzcccdiugli .iccisivc manner.

ulx'cddy

anxious in master





Everyone who docs not

stand its iuysicriws is

them. for nothing is more fetching as a

lingerie and the dainty toilet





indispensable to well-





iinish to

accessories so

(ll‘eHSc'L Women.



The llrsi rcquisitc for

is to secure iii'sl—chiss nullcrizils.





crochet workers

There

are a great many good brands of crochet

cottons. Hue should sclcci

finish. pliablc and





silks and

those having a soft

easily luindlcd.





ablc, where colors are dcsircd. Narrow





lacc cdgings and insertions are made

from fine. round thread. cotton or lincu.

whilc hciivicr nuilci'iuls must. of course.





be used for coarser cdgings. etc.



Tho li‘reuch Word for hook is croche or

croc. which gives the work its name.

These books. or crochcts. must bc chosen

with an eye to the materials for

they are desired. Coarse fabrics demand

large books of bone. tortoiseshell

or ivory, while tliicr

hooks, usually nuidc from steel. though

sometimes of bone or ivory. See that the

hooks are well polished and exceedingly

smooth. so that the threads will not be

split or pulled roughly. Do not use a

hook with such a heavy handle as to tire

the hands while manipulating it.



In some crocheting the work is always

done from the same side. and the thread

broken off each time the opposite edge

is reached. But in others the work is

turned and the thread carried back and

forth without breaking. If the work is





\\'l)1)<l.





Turbans i

in the ready-to-wear-





These are of Milan and of coarse.





under-





yet brilliant and non-fad?





which ,





threads call for fine:





(21) 4353

REASONED IT OUT





And Found I Change in Food that Him Right.

..__ . .



A man does not count as wasted the

time he spends in thinking over his busi—

ness, but he seems loth to give the same

sort of careful attention to himself and to

his health. And yet his business would

be worth little without good health to

care for it. A business man tells how he

did himself good by carefully thinking

over his physical condition. investigating

to find out what was needed, and then

changing to the right food.



“For some years I had been bothered

a. great deal after meals. My food seemed

' to lay like lead in my stomach, producing

heaviness and dullness and sometimes

positive pain. Of course this rendered me

more or less unfit for business, and I

made up my mind that sometuing would

have to be done.



“Reflection led me to the conclusion

that over—eating. filling the stomach with

indigestible food was responsible for

many of the ills that human flesh en-

dures. and that I was punishing myself

in that way—~that was what was making

me so dull. heavy and uncomfortable.

and unfit for business after meals. I con-

cludcd to try Grape-Nuts food to see

what it could do for me.



“I have been using it for some months

now. and am glad to say that i do not

suffer any longer after meals; my food

seems to assimilate easily and perfectly,





 





 





and to do the work for which it was

intended.

“I have regained my normal weight,





and find that business is a pleasure once

more—can take more interest in it. and

my mind is clearer and more alert."





Name given by Poslum Co. Battle

Creek. Mich.

Road “The Road to “'ellville." in pkgs.





“There's a Reason."





Ever read the above letter? A

new one appears from time to

time. They are genuine, true.





and full of human interest.





Let Us Send

You This





 





 





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(939%

Thu Book Solves »

The Home Heating

Question





 

   





 





 





: ‘4'

5 Holland Furnace Co., Dept. 6;

Holland, Mich.





d'

r Send me your Holland Furnace Books I

Free and prices.





7 : Name :

5 Add- .,

! I “83% I





Dealer’sNamn

lL------------





JUST su iris" as“:





when writing to our Advertisers.
454 <22>'





turned it is necessary to crochet two or

three chain stitches at the edge so that

it will not draw. If the thread must be

broken draw the end right through the

last loop, pulling it up snug. This will

hold it firmly. In refastening at the

starting point for the next row the thread

is pulled through the first loop to fasten

it, and the needed stitches then follow.



Numerous abbreviations for the stitches

used are seen in descriptions of articles,

and in some publications these differ

slightly, but scarcely enough to bother

one who is at all familiar with the work,

though it might puzzle the tyro occa-

sionally. These abbreviations, with an

explanation of the stitches, follow:



The use of the asterisk, *, so often met

with in directions for crocheting, is to

suggest repetitions rather than print the

directions over again. For instance, “re-

peat from * to *" means to go back to

the point where the first asterisk appears

and work all between that and the second

again. Sometimes several asterisks are

used, but the meaning is the same.



L. or 1 indicates loop. This is merely

the twisting or throwing over the thread

to form an oval before beginning the

chain stitches, and is the name given to

the open portion of the stitches through-

out the work.



C. S. or cs, or ch, st. is used to desig-

nate chain stitch. There are several

methods followed in making this stitch.

By some a single knot is tied and a loop

drawn through it for the first stitch. By

others a loop or twist of the thread is

made in the left hand, and the crochet

hook in the right hand inserted through

this loop, caught about the continuing

thread, which is then pulled through,

and the first end drawn down snugly to

hold it in place. The loop remaining on

the hook should be just large enough to

work the hook back and forth in nicely.

A chain of more than one loop in length

is simply a continuation of drawing the

thread through the preceding loop. The

loop is held between the thumb and fore-

finger Of the left hand, and the hook tak-

en in the right hand just as a pen is used

in writing. The thread should run from

the forefinger under the second and third

fingers, and around the little finger.



O. or 0 means over, a term used for

the slight jerk of the wrist in throwing

the thread over the needle or hook in

making the chain stitches. S. S. or ss

signifies slip stitch, made by inserting the

hook in the next to the last stitch,

catching the thread about the hook and

drawing it back through both the stitch

in the chain and the one on the hook.



S. C. or sc is single crochet. This is

one of the commonest stitches known to

crochet workers. The hook, with one

loop thereon, is inserted in a former row

or foundation stitch; the thread is taken

up and drawn through the loop, forming

part of the former stitch. This makes

two loops 9n the needle, and the thread

is again taken tip and drawn through





both of these, leaving one loop.

1). C. or do indicates double crochet.

“'ith one loop on the hook throw the





thread around it to form another; then

insert it in the foundation stitch or one

of the former row, take up the thread

and draw it through the last named loop,

leaving three on the hook; throw thread

over and draw through two of these, then

thread over again and draw through re-

maining two.



T. C. or tc is treble crochet. In this

work, just as for double crochet, except

that the thread is thrown twice around

the hook before being inserted in the

foundation, and in completing the stitch

the thread is drawn three times through

two loops each.



H. 1). C. or hdc stands for half double

crochet. Throw the thread over the hook

and take up a stitch of the foundation

or former row; throw the thread over

again, and draw through all three loops.

Finish by taking up third stitch in same

manner.



T. T. O. or tto means to throw the

thread over the hook or needle.



P. or p signifies picot, or 1‘. S. or ps,

picot stitch, one and the same. This is

usually an edging, and consists of hang-

ing loops made in various ways. The

plain picot is usually from three to five

chain stitches hanging from the founda—

tion or former row at regular intervals.

Drooping or twisted picots are made by

chaining five stitches, dropping the loop,

placing the hook into the second chain

stitch made, catching up the dropped

loop again and drawing it through the

stitch.



There are many other stitches utilized

in the more complicated forms of cro—

cheting, but when these are intended they

are generally explained more fully, since

the abbreviations would be understood





THB' MICHIGAN FARMER.





only by experienced workers in compli-

cated patterns. The foregoing cover the

ordinary stitches met with in common

Crocheting.





THE SERVING OF DINNER.

No. 39.





 





BY MRS. ALTA L. LITTELL.



“I couldn’t be. a society woman,” said

one woman, “for I would never know

how to get up a stylish dinner. I could

get something on the table to eat, but I

could never get it on in style”.



To the minds of most of us, the “get-

ting on the table to eat” is the biggest

side of the proposition, and if we can do

that we feel quite satisfied. Cooking is

the first in line of importance; after that

is accomplished it is time enough to think

of the best way to arrange the table.



To begin with, a simple four-course

dinner is the most that any of us need

know how to manage, except for very

special occasions.



A good soup, served with wafers and

celery, olives, small pickles or radishes

comes first; then the meat, with pota-

toes, one or two other vegetables, and

bread and butter; third, the salad, and

lastly the dessert with coffee, or if you

wish to be a little more formal, serve

tne coffee last alone. Such a dinner any

woman can manage, does manage every

day with no thought of formality or “giv-

ing a dinner.”



As to the table. “Spotless linen” has

been said so often in this connection as

to be quite trite. Just how the busy

woman with no help, even a washerwom—

an, is to manage her work so as never to

have a spot on her tablecloth, is a mys-

tcry I have never fathomed. Therefore,





 





let us change the phrase to read, “pas-

sably clean linen.” Of course, when she,

has guests a clean cloth will be laid andi

then our tried and true phrase will hold!

good. If you have flowers try to keep a"

centerpiece of cut flowers always on the1

table. But do not have too many. A few"

flowers of one sort gives a better effect

than a mass of blossoms of many kinds.

Have the dish for the flowers low enough

so that it will not obstruct the view or

else use a high slender vase. The cloth

and flowers being arranged, proceed to

the covers, as the individual services are

called.



At each place a dinner plate should be

placed, and the silver which is to be used

for the entire dinner, except perhaps the

dessert. On the right of the plate, place

first the knives, the edges towards the

plate and the knife to be first used far—

thest from the plate. Next the knives

place the soup spoon, the inside of the

bowl up, and next this the oyster fork,

if oysters are to be served, so that the

piece of silver to be first used is farthest

from the plate, the-next piece is second,

and so on to the last article used, which

is nearest the plate. The forks to be

used are arranged on the left of the

plate, the first to be used being farthest

from the plate. The water glass is set

at the right of the plate and at the tip





of the spoons. Spoons for dessert, coffee, '





etc., are easier placed when the dessert

is served. The napkin may be placed on

the plate, at the left of the forks, or

above the plate.



“Unless one has a maid, or a daughter

who is willing to play maid, it is foolish

to try to serve a dinner in courses. Of

course, the soup dishes must be removed,

but after this the dinner should simply

be placed on the table and served by the

host and hostess. If a maid is kept the

meat may be carved, and the plates

passed, holding the meat only. Then the

vegetables are served from the side, the

maid holding the dish to the left of each

person. Dishes from which the person

seated must help himself are always of—

fered at the left. When the maid serves

or removes soiled dishes she goes to the

right.



For the formal 12 course dinner, the

following courses are served:



First course, appetizers or canapes.



Second course, oysters with tobasco

sauce or lemon, with small sandwiches.



Third course, clear soup, with celery,

radishes and olives.



Fourth course, fish with sliced cucum-

bers or tomatoes.



Fifth course, an entree.



Sixth course, meat, potatoes and a veg-

etable.



Seventh course, punch.



Eighth course, game or poultry and

salad.



Ninth course, a hot pudding or other

dessert.



Tenth course, a frozen dessert, as ice

cream, a mousse or biscuit glace.



Eleventh course, fruit.





M'nne ota's

I ' O '

nvntation o

flCome and see this great state with its

fifty-four million acres of productive land.

Look over her fertile fields and thriving

cities and towns. Examine her resources

for-yourself. Test her delightful, health-



ful climate.



(LSee how corn, wheat, the grains and

grasses, apples, peas, beans and other

vegetables grow in her rich soil.



(LLearn what money is to be made raising

poultry and live stock, dairy farming, etc.

(Minnesota is assuredly one of the “Pros-

perity States of America.” Every fall

Minnesota has a State Fair that as an ex-

hibit of the products of one commonwealth

cannot be surpassed.



(LA million and a half acres of Govern-

ment Homestead Land open to entry. A

large share of it agricultural and timber

land. Red Lake lndinn Reservation lands In

northern Minnesota lust opened to home-

steadinz-





1] 3.000.000 acres of public land which the

state has on sale at remarkably cheap prices.

(IGreat markets are at: hand for all of Minne-

sota’s productsg St. Paul, Minneapolis, Duluth,

Chicago—in daily touch by fast freight, express

and passenger trains of the Northern Pacific

Railway. ‘





 





(LScnd for “Facts About Minnesota,” “Minnesota Lands”

and “What Professor Thomas Shaw Says About Minne-





sota.” Don’t delay. Write today.





L. J. Bricker, General Immigration Agent





27 Broadway, St. Paul, Minn.





Northern Pacific Ry





 





 





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Kahuna. Michigan
'APRIL 15, 1911.





A BUSINESS MAN’S VIEW OF' THE

FARMER.



Extracts from an address by Mr. G. B.

Sharpe, publicity manager of The De

Laval Separator 00.. before the Sphinx

Club, in New York, March 14,1911.



There was a time when the word





.





“farmer” was used in the town and city

as a term of derision and contempt. The

man who said he “would rather be a





lamp-post in New York than a king in

the country" might have had reason for

such a preference fifteen or twenty years

ago, but such an assertion these days is

only an evidence of ignorance of the new

order of things in our rural communities.



Let us consider first the economic con—

dition of the farmer today. Within the

pastrten years, according to government

reports, prices of farm products have in-

creased from 25 to 75 per cent. The in-

crease in the cost of farm necessities has

been but slight. Government statistics

show an average increase in the farmer's

purchasing power of over 50 per cent,

brought about through improved and bet-

ter methods of agriculture, and better

prices for his products.



Contrast this prosperous condition of

the farmer with the condition of the

dwellers in our toth and cities.



How much has the purchasing power

of i . professional man, the salaried man

and the mechanic increased in the past

ten years? Less than 15 per cent. What

has been the increase in the price for the

necessities of life, not to speak of the

luxuries? 25 per cent to :30 per cent. In

other words, the average family in our

centers of population today is worse off

financially than ten years ago.



When the man in town gets a, raise in

salary, by the time he has paid the i11-

creased rent on the new flat he moves

into, and settled with the “grocer and

butcher and candlestick-maker," “Hat

has he left at the end of the year to

show for his increased income? As a

rule, nothing! He is lucky if he hasn‘t

a lot of unpaid bills staring him in the

face.



Now, how about the increased income

of the farmer“? \‘l'hat is he doing with it?

Part of his surplus is going into his local

bank, but a large part of it is being spent

to make him and his family more com-

fortable and his home more attractive.

\Vhatever you can persuade him he needs

he has the money to buy. Conditions on

the farm have changed mightily in the

last few years. The trolley line and the

telephone, and last, but by no means

least, the newspapers have brought the

farmer in closer touch with urtau ad-

vantages and broadened his view of life.



Perhaps the best recent example of

what may be accomplished by cultivating

the farmer‘s acquaintance is the great

popularity of the automobile today in our

rural communities, which has largely

been brought about through ady e1t1s1ng



Last year. on a trip thxough Central

Illinois, at a little flag station where our

I saw a handsome big tour-

ing car being unloaded. I asked the sta-

tion agent who was buying a car like

that,,and he said, “Oh, a farmer living

over there a mile or two;” and a drum-

mer who was standing on the carstep

chimed in, "\\'ell, farmers and million—

aires are the only people who can afford

to buy automobiles nowadaysz" and

there‘s more truth than poetry in that

bromide.





train stopped,





* * ’1'





It's a smiling land, a land flowing with

milk and honey, a land that is emerging

from the hardships of frontier life and

hard labor with few luxuries, into a full

realization of the luxury of labor-saving

machines and the possibilities of all the

comforts that may be enjoyed in the farm

home.



But, says some national

am reaching this field. 1 am

magazines and the national mediums.

They must have a certain per cent of

readers in the farm homes." Most as-

suredly they have, but it is so small as

to be almost negligible Then, again, it

might naturally be asked, "if the farmer

is so prosperous and is is able and willing

to make life in the farm home more

pleasant for himself and family, why is

he not a subscriber to and a. reader of

the popular magazines?”



The best answer to that query that I

know of is the reading pages of these

publications themselves. Pick up almost

any magazine, analyze carefully its read-

ing pages. \that do you find? By and

large a class of literature written by city

dwellers, about city dwellers and city

problems, to interest city dwellers. Is it

then any wonder that the farmers form

such a small percentage of the magazine

reading population?





advertiser, “I

using the





THE. MICHIG





Let us analyze the farmer’s reading

standpoint a little.



The farmer is a business ma’n. He has

more money ‘invested, as a rule, in his

farm, buildings, stock and machinery

than even the small merchant or trades-

man in the town 01' city. Farming is :1

trade, and the farmer's trade paper is

the farm paper. The modern farmer

owes much of his present prosperity to

the farm paper. It has familiarized him

with new methods and has placed at his

disposal all the wealth of information and

experiment in scientific farming that our

state and national agricultural experi-

ncnt stations have worked out for his

1 .efit. It has placed at his disposal the

experience of other practical farmers. It

has helped him to grow two ears of corn

where he formerly grew one. It has

helped him to improve his methods, and

thereby greatly increased the value of his

land and his revenue from it. Through

its advertising pages he is kept in touch

with the latest improvements in labor-





saving machinery, and in addition to its :-

it has?





value as a farmer‘s trade paper,

kept him informed on general topics and

furnished his wife and family with read-

ing matter of interest and profit to them.

There is no 11 iblication so carefully read





and highly prized, or that begins to wield .





the influence upon its readers that the

farm paper does.

:11 4! $1

To the manufacturer looking for a

larger or a new market, I would say:

Don't judge the farmer by what your

recollections of the farm as a boy :5 or





(23)





AN FARMER.‘-





Barn of S. P. Strickland, Bangor, Ma,

\ covered with Amatite Roofing.





IA Roof That Needs No Painti_ng





Ainatite has :1 real mineral sur- If we Sold Amatite at a price

face which needs no painting. 21)‘/highcr than the old- fashioned

“P.1int— 1nc- often” kind, you Would

be instilled in buying it. You

W111ull more than sine the extra

cost by climinatinu the paint in

after years A111 tine howevei,

costs no morethan othci that class

routines, and it. gives twice as

much weight- of roof per square

foot.





The above. illustrati1'1n shows the

barn of S. l’. Strickland, Bangor,

Me... which was roofed with Ama—

tite three yczirs ago. The owner’s

opinion of it is cxpresscd in the

I1)ll11Wlll}_f letter which We recently

received z—I





 





30 years ago may be. Don't take your

information on this subject second-hand-





ed, either, and don’t go into some farm-I





ing section 1'10 miles from New

where they

summer boarders, for your

Some fine day this spring or

a ticket for any small town in Central

Illinois. Iowa 01' Missouri. (to there and

stay two or three 1. c1 ks. Hire a livery

rig or an automobile and proceed 1o get

acquainted with real farmers. Find out

for yourself what the farmer reads, and

what is the best way to reach him. Find]

out whether you can best arrange f0!"

direct distribution or distiibzition through

dealers. It will be a new experience for

you. and I guarantee you will acquire

more new information in these few weeks

than you ever did before in six months.

and that you will come back with same.





1





new ideas and enthusiastic regarding the.





Y1 1l‘k,





possibilities of the market many havc

heretofore neglected. more from lack 01‘

proper information than for any other

reason.





HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.





 





(Continued from page 444).





States to Mexico. The news was taken

immediately to \\ ashington and the mo-

bilization was 011le1ed almost instantly.

President Diaz, of Mexico was given six

days to withdraw the offer. lie com—

plied and the Ships were ordered out of

McXican waters. It is believed by many

that. the act avoided war with not only

Mexico but also with Japan. A number

of 1nc1dents had happened which had

brought into question the good faith of

Iapan toward this country and the dis-

covery of this plot only goes to give c011-

fidence that the incidents pointed out the

fact. It is hoped that the quick action

of the President will put an end to the

event.



The rebel army under Madero is march-

ing toward Juarez and it is anticipated

that the place will be bombarded soon.

At Mex1cali a battle between the federal

forces and revolutionists is expected at





get the largest l‘eycnuc from ‘-

inl'ormation. '

summer buy





“(ie11tl1unc11:—The Amatitc Roofing

p11 rclnucd three )‘1'11 rs ago and placed

011 my barn hasgiren most. satisfactory

service. The roofing is unusually at-

tract 1 w in 11 ppeara 111-e.and in my judg-

ment is the 1111M durable and satisfac-

tory made. The fact that it requires

111) painting ilDiHJZLIA to me very strontr-

ly.21n1i thist'onlure 111akesitbyi't1r the

cheapest ready rooting 1111 the market.

Youiw‘ very truly.

(Signed) S P. STRIt'KLAND."





A sample of Amalite .‘slmwingr

the minci r111 surtacc. will be sent.

free on application. Address our

nearest othce.





Everjet Elastic Paint





Do you realize the economy of using

black paint when possible“) Evixricr

costs half as llllli‘ll as other lll's‘l—cltls‘s’

pai111~‘.'l<111gh. durable. henbprooi' and





Every practical 1111111 will see at. . ,

n.1te-'piool'. I‘or \1‘11111l11r 111c1.11.





once that painting root's is an ex-

pcnsive nuisance. If the roofs

fail, tho inanut'acturer always

claims that they are not painted

often enough, or that you did not

llsc the right kind of paint 111'

something of that Sort. After

Amatitc is laid there is nothing

more to do to it.





Creonoid Lice Destroyer

and Cow Spray

Vermin in tho 1111-: barn and lu-n

house costs you 1111111121: l’i'orcni Illsi't'l

worry by sprayiin,r rcgulnry with ‘

1111i1l_ a, cheap. powerful llislilltli‘idiil.

rcpcls llics. 111111-‘1111i111m' and hen licc.

kills germs and prevents the spread of

contagion.





BARRETT MANUFACTURING. COMPANY





New York Philadelphia Boston St. Louis Cleveland

P1ttsburg ansas City Minneapolis New Orleans

London. England





Why Not Gel Your Rooting Material

wDirecl From a Manufacturer?

MVI’... Rani, Metal, Barn & Silo Paints





Also Waterproofing for Concrete.

our Sterling and lronsides Brands of Roofing Stand for Quality.





 





p.

Chicago «

Cincinnati



Seattle





“1P3





 





 





   

 

   





 





any time A vict01y for the federal

troops is ieported in a small engagement'

about 20 miles south of Cananea whilel

another detachment is following 400 in-l

surrectOS who ate retreating n01th of'

Zactecas.



ut one exit to a stiucture in which

a feast was being held at Bombay, Bris-

ish India, iesulted in 200 persons being

killed in a panic resulting from a fire



A German company capitalized at $2, -

000 000 has been formed to finance the

building of diiigible airships for the pur—

pose of crossing the \tlantic The new

ships will be eight times larger than

/eppelins giant air craft, the plans call-

ing fol a \essel 77E 1feet long to be driven

by thirty motois.



The German steamer Prinzessin Irene

grounded off Lone Hill, Long Island last

Friday .with 1,720 persons aboard, At

first the sea made it impossible to launch

life boats at the station near at hand,

but the waters afterward calmed a little

and the small boats finally reached the

unfortunate ship. In five hours and ten

mmutes the 1,720 persons were trans—

ferred from the liner to her sister ship

Prinz Frederick \Vilhelm. The Irene was

running under full steam ten miles off

I121; C(élilT‘Se (11111 a gig ghen she struck. She

v r case on on a an '

New York harbor. y d steamed into



The caissons composing the coffe1 dam

surrounding the old hulk of the battle-

ship Maine sunk in Havana harbor 13

years ago have been completed, thus

finishing the first step in the raising of

1th‘ioemwrt'lep';;k 'Iihe pumping of the water



enc osure wll r i

weeks more time. equ re a few





 





 

   

   

   

   

 





Sterling Rubber Roofing l-Ply... ................. .. ............ $1.10

“ “ “ 2=PIy... . ........... .. ...... L30

H “ “ 3=Ply ............ ........ 1.50

lronsides Roofing Silica Coat 2-Ply.... ....... . 1.30

H “ “ “ 3=Ply ........ . ................... [.50

Some dcalcrs may tell you they will give you better values,





111 1t. find

them at





but compare our products with any or all, and it' you do

them equally as 1111011 if not better than any other, rcturn

Olll expense and we will cheeiiullv refund your money.





It will pay you to investigatc this proposition.

REFERENcE—(lhl National Bank.





BATTLE CREEK ROOFING & MFG.





BATTLE CREEK, MICHIGAN.





Ever-Re ady





‘12:?IIIIII111....1IIIIII ISafetyRazor IIII IIIIIII III, 111111111I





C0.,





 





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ENTIRE OUTFIT

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,TW





MARKETS . :





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DETROIT WHOLESALE MARKETS-





‘ April 12, 1911.

Grains and Seeds. ‘



Wheat—The lower trend of wheat

prices was suddenly checked this week

by the unexpected low figures of the

government report. it was forecasted

that the figures from \Vashington would

be around 85 for the winter wheat crop,

these figures being below the estimates

of private crop reporters, but when it

came out the number was 83.3. The sit-

uation was augmented by the strength

given from across the Atlantic where the

English and continental markets are

competing for the cargoes coming from

South American and other wheat coun-

tries, Liverpool cables showing the mar-

ket there advancing suddenly, when

brokers and traders expected reductions.

Shorts became scared at this strength

and went to buying, and since Tuesday

was a holiday due to the closing of the

Chicago board of trade because of the

city primaries, they feared that matters

would be worse by \Vednesday. A de-

crease of over a million and a half bush-

els in the visible supply of this country

was also taken by the shorts as an un—

favorable Sign. The probabilities are that

the supply and demand will keep the

grain on about the present basis of trad-

ing. One year ago the price for No. 2





 





 





 





red wheat was $11714 per bu. Quotations

for the week are:



No. 2 N0. 1



Red. White. May. July.

Thursday . ..... 84% .83 .86 86%

Friday ...... “85% .84 .87 .8714

Saturday ...... 85% .84 .87 .87

Monday ....... 87 .8514 .88 .88

Tuesday ......... ... ... .. .

\Vednesday ... .87 .8514 .88 .87





Corn.~The upturn in wheat proved a

bullish factor here and helped this grain

to higher levels. The market is naturally

strong and would go higher were it not

for the influence from wheat pits these

past several weeks, so as soon as any

support was given by the senior cereal,

corn responded. The receipts of late have

been small with the demand good, giving

the trade a firm feeling while prices are

advancing. The visible supply decreased

nearly a million bushels. One year ago

the price for No. 3 corn was 581/20 per

bu. Quotations for the week are:





No. 5 NO. 3



Cox n Yellow.

Thursday ................. 476.; 48%

Friday ...... . ............ 48 49

Saturday ................. 48 49%

Monday .................. 481,19 501/2

Tuesday .................. . . . .

W'ednesday .............. 491/2 501/;





Oats—The margin of gain in this grain

is smaller than for corn and wheat. The

trade is less responsive to weather and

other conditions for the dealers appear

to have the situation so well in hand that

they can calculate ahead as to the prob-

able demand and the supply. The mar-

ket is firm and dull. "he visible supply

is about three-quarters of a million bush-

els below a week ago. The price for

standard oats a year ago was 45c per bu.

Quotations for the past week are:





Standard No. 3

White.

Thursday . . . . . . . . ........ 331/2 33

Friday ..... .. .. ............. 333/, 33%,

Saturday ................. 341/2 34

Monday .................. 341/2 34

Tuesday ..................... . .

Wednesday .............. 36 35%

Bea ns.—The excitement in the other





markets did not extend to the bean deal;

and likewise the little activity noted a.

fortnight ago has abated, there being no

reported contracts for either cash or fu-

ture goods. The price remains unchang-

ed. Quotations are:





Cash May.

Thursday .................. $1.96 $2.00

Friday ..................... 1.96 2.00

Saturday ................... 1.96 2.00

Monday .................... 1 96 2.00

Tuesday ....................... .. . .

\Vednesday ................ 1.96 1.99





Clover Seed—The high prices in clover





seed circles remain unchanged from a

week ago. The business is active and

firm. Quotations are:

Prime Alsike.

Thursday .................. $8.75 $8.75

Friday ..................... 8.75 8.75

Saturday .................. 8.75 8.75

Monday .................... 8.75 8.75

Tuesday ....................... . . . .

XVednesday ................ 8.75 ’ 8.75

Rye.~—'l‘he government report on rye





shows the crop in a bullish condition, and

the high figure reported a week ago re—

mains the quotation for No. 1 grade, and

is 93c per bu.



Timothy Seed.——This deal is firm and

active. The quotation given out a week

ago is unchanged at $5.25 per bu.



Visible Supply of Grains.

This week. Last week.





\Vheat ............. 32,580,000 34,152,000

Corn ............... 10,259,000 11,166,000

Oats ............... 12,375,000 13,129,000

Rye ................ 98,000 114,000

Barley ............. 1,544,000 1,838,000





Flour, Feed, Provisions, Etc.

FIour.—Market -continues slow with

prices unchanged. Quotations are:





Clear ................................. $4.25

Straight .............................. 4.65

Patent Michigan .................... 4.90

Ordinary Patent ..................... 4.90





Hay and Straw.—Values are unchanged.

Quotations on baled hay in car lots 1’. o.

b. Detroit are: No. 1 timothy, $165061;

17; No. 2 timothy, 5515506016; clover, mix-

ed, $15; rye straw, $7607.50; wheat and

oat straw. $6636.50 per ton.



Feed—Prices are steady with a week

ago. Carlot prices on track are: Bran,

$27 per ton: coarse middlings, $26; fine

middlings, $28; cracked corn, $22; coarse

corn meal, $22; corn and oat chop, $20

per ton.





 





Potatoes.—-While the increased prices

have encouraged consignments to com-

mission men, the situation is much

brighter for sellers than for three months

back. The’ market is 50 higher than last

week. In car lots Michigan potatoes are

selling at 500 per bushel. -



Provisions.——Family pork, $19@19.50:

mess pork, $17; medium clear, $16@17.50;

smoked hams, 13@140; briskets, 917560100;

shoulders, 10c; icnic hams, 91/20; bacon,

15611160; pure lard, in tierces, 9540; kettle

rendered lard, 10540.



Hides.—-No. 1 cured, 100; No. 1 green,

80; N0. 1 cured bulls, 81/20; No. 1 green

bulls, 70; No. 1 cured veal kip, 110; No.

1 green veal kip, 100; No. 1 cured mur-

rain, 90; No. 1 green murrain, 80; No. 1

cured calf, 150; No. 1 green calf, 131,60;

No. 2 kip and calf, 11,60 off; No. 2 hides

10 off; No. 1 horsehides, $3.75; No. 2

horsehides, $2.75; sheepskins, depending

on wool, 500603150.



Dairy and Poultry Products.



Button—Lower butter values are pre-

vailing than for any April of many sea-

son‘s back, the quotations for extra

creamery for the past seven years being,

1904, 231456024150 per lb; 1905, 28c; 1906,

260; 1907, 30c; 1908, 290; 1909, 28c; 1910,

310. Farmers are today disposing of

their butter on a basis of 21c per lb.

Dealers are not expecting the price to go

lower for some time. Quotations are:

Extra creamery, 210; firsts, do., 190; dairy

16c; packing stock, 131,420 per lb. .



Eggs.—The demand for eggs has been

stimulated by extra calls for the holiday

and prices are higher in spite of the free

offerings, the quotation now is 16c per

dozen.



Poultry.—Prices are substantially where

they were last week with supply short

and the market firm under a good

demand: Quotations: Dressed—Turkeys,

1660200; chickens, 1660170; hens, 1660170;

ducks, 1760180; geese, 1260140 per lb. Live

18c; geese, 1260130; ducks, 1560160 per lb.

ducks. 1760180; geese, 1360140 per lb. Live

—Spring chickens, 15611151/30; hens, 16@

161/20; old roosters, 1060110; turkeys, 15@



Cheese.-Michigan, old, 1560160; Mich-

igan, late, 1360140. York state, old,’ 1660

18c; (10. late made, 1460150; limburger,

early, 1460150; Swiss domestic block, 1860

200; cream brick, 1560160.



VeaI.—Market easier. Fancy, 10@10%C;

choice, 961.91/20; ordinary, 76080 per lb.





Fruits and Vegetables.





Cranberries.~Steady. Quoted at $3.50

Der bu.



Cabbage.—-Higher. Selling at $190602

per bbl. for new.



Onions.~—Higher.

per bushel.



Honey.—Choice to fancy comb, 1560170

per lb.



Apples—The demand is active at un-

changed prices. Fancy Greenings are

quoted at $550606; Baldwins, 54.50606;

Steel reds, $6; ordinary grades, $3603.50

per bbl. \Vestern apples, $2.25602.75 per

ox.





Quoted at $1.25@1.30





OTHER MARKETS.





 





Grand Rapids.





The potato market is lower again, prices

ranging from 3060400, against 4060500 last

week. Even higher prices were paid for

a few days at Trufant, Greenville and

other points. Dealers are expecting that

the market will recover and they are

hoping that farmers will not rush their

stock on the market at this time. The

bean market is acting similarly, having

taken a spurt and now is off again. White

beans are quoted on $1.60 basis, red kid-

neys, 5525060275. Eggs are firmer, bring-

ing 141/20. Dairy butter remains at 190,

while creamery is off to 201760. Poultry is

unchanged from last week. Dressed hogs

are worth 8146081/20. Wheat has advanced





to 820.

Chicago.

“heat—No. 2 red, 87%,@880; May,

8813.60; July, 86140 per bu.

Corn.——No. 2, 4960491/20; May, 499.10;

July, 501/60 per bu.

Oats—No. 2 white, 32%@33c; May.





31%0; July, 311/20.



Barley.——Malting grades, 900@$1.11 per

bu; feeding, 7560880.



Butter.—Thc large stocks of low grade

butter are being reduced at a good rate

and this is steadying the market as a.

whole. While prices remain at the low

point registered last week, the outlook





seems somewhat improved. Quotations

are: Creameries, 1460210; dairies, ex-

tra, 18c.





Eggs—Prices moved up 1/;_.0 late last

week, but this week opens with continued

liberal receipts and the market is barely

steady at the advance. Quotations are:

l‘rime firsts, 151/20; firsts, 15c; at mark,

cases included, 131/260140 per dozen.



Potatoes—A further advance of 30 was

scored before last week’s close and the

advanced figures are being rigidly main-

tained with the market apparently on a

firm basis. Receipts steadily growing in

volume. (‘hoicc to fancy are quoted at

036165c per bu; fair to good, 6061620.



Beans—Hand-picked pea beans are

again higher; active and firm. Red kid—

neys quiet and unchanged. Choice hand-

picked beans quotcd at $2.05((l/2.10 per

bu; prime, $1.836111.95; red kidneys, $2.75

603 per bu.



Hay and Straw.—Hay has advanced $2

per ton and the market is firm; all grades

of straw also higher. Quotations: Choice

timothy, $206021; N0. 1 timothy, $185060

19.50; No. 2 do. and No. 1 mixed, $1660

17.50: No. 3 do. and No. 2 mixed, $106015;

rye straw, $7608; oat straw, $6606.50;

wheat straw, $5606 per ton.





New York.





Butter.—Market is higher and firm.

Creamery specials are quoted at 211/20;

extras, 2060201/20. '



Eggs—Market is firm. Prices gener-

ally a little higher. Fresh gathered ex-

tras, 186018560; firsts, 161463170; seconds,

15146015640; storage packed, firsts, 171/60.



Poultry.——Live, higher and firm. West-

ern chickens, 15@15%0; fowls, 20@21c;

turkeys, 160 per lb.





Dressed, quiet.





THE MICHIGAN , FARMER.





 





Roasting chickens, 15@200; fowls, 15@17c;

turkeys, 15@200.





Boston.





Wool.—There has been a'broader mar-

ket the past week,. calls c0ming from a

larger number of firms and the require-

ments extending to more lines of wools.

Prices ruled steady. The shipments of

wool from Boston from April 6, inclusive,

were 58,301,471 lbs., against 59,834,358 lbs.

for the same period last year. The re-

ceipts to April 6, inclusive, were 61,815,688

lbs., against 70,038,601 lbs. for the same

period last year.





Eigln.



Butter.—Market steady at 210 per 1b.,

which is the quotation of last week. Out-

put for the week. 503,600 lbs., as com-

pared with 490,200 lbs. for the previous

wee .





THE LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





 





 





Buffalo.



_ April 10, 1911.

(Spe01al report by Dunning & Stevens,

New York Central Stock Yards,

East Buffalo, N. Y.)



Receipts of stcck here today as follows:

Cattle, 195 cars; hogs, 15,200; sheep and

lambs, 25,000; calves, 2,600.



With 30,000 cattle reported in Chicago

today and a lower market, and 195 loads

of cattle on the market here, and being

the last week in Lent, all cattle sold

from 2060350 per hundred weight lower

than last week.



\Ve quote: Best 1,300 to 1,500-Ib. steers

$6.40606.60; good prime 1,200 to 1,300-lb.

steers, 3959060625; best 1,100 to 1,200-lb.

shipping steers, $565606; medium butcher

steers, 1,000 to 1,100 lbs., 352560565; light

butcher steers, $4.65605.20; best fat cows,

$450605; fair to good do., $3.50@4.25;

common to medium do., $3603.50; trim-

mers, $275603; best fat heifers, $52560

5.75; good do., $4.6561>5.10; fair to good

do., $4604.50; stock heifers, $4.25604.50;

best feeding steers, dehorned, $5.25605.50;

medium to good feeding steers, $475605:

stockers, all grades, $4.25@4.50; best

bulls, $5w5.25; bologna bulls, $4.25@4.75;

stock bulls, fair to good, $3.75@4.25; best

milkers and springers, $456055; good to

best do., $306035; common to good do.,

$256030.



With fairly liberal receipts here, and

heavy receipts in the west and a lower

market, our hog market opened up 1560

25c lower than Saturday. Yorkers are

selling on the basis of $6.90@6.95, with

light yorkers and strictfy pig weights

selling generally at 70; mixed and medium

weights. $6.70606.90, the latter price for

the decks running to the york weights.

Heavy hogs selling all the way down as

low as $6.35. Roughs mostly at $56560

5.75; stags, $4.25@)4.75. Everything is

pretty well cleaned up, except a few late

arrivals which are going over unsold.

\Ve don‘t consider the prospects very en—

couraging for the immediate future, as

packers at all points seem to be working

to force prices to a lower level.



Lamb market opened slow today; most

of the choice handy wool lambs selling

at $6.65606.75; heavy, $6.10606.25. Look

for little higher prices the last of the

week unless the runs should be heavy.

Sheep market was dull today, most of the

choice ewes selling at $4.50604.75; weth-

ers, $5605.15. Look for about steady

prices on sheep the balance of the week.





“'e quote: Best handy lambs, $66560

6.75; heavy lambs, $6.106v6.25; bucks,

$325604; best clipped lambs, $5.50605.65;

heavy do., $5@5.25; yearlings, $550606;

wethers,$56125.15; cull sheep, $325604;

ewes, $4.50604.75; clipped sheep, $3.756!)





4; veals, choice to extra, $8.25@8.75; fair





 





to good do., $650608; heavy calves, $4

605.50.

Chicago.

April 10, 1911.



Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.

Received today ...... 30,000 47,000 22,000

Same day last year..25,994 30,249 14,006

Received last week..45,769 128,580 73,613

Same week last year.28,312 70,166 52,583





This week starts off with liberal cattle

and hog receipts and lower prices for

both, the demand being slow, as is usual

when buyers have such large supplies to

select from. Cattle are 156L250 lower for

steers and 1060150 lower for butcher

stock, and at a late hour a bad close is

promised. The cattle market is weakened

by the fact that this is holy week, while

Jewish fast days will also be observed

by many people. At the close last week

steers were dull, with the early advance

partly lost, while the stock was 1560250

higher than a week earlier, and it should

be noted that with the exception of a

car load of fancy yearling black steers

and heifers at $7.10, there were no steer

sales last week higher than $6.95. Hogs

are off 156/200 today, following last week's

break of 561100, sales ranging at $5.85@

6.70, and sales of good butcher lots at

31620617630. It was a very bad market,

becoming worse as the day advanced. and

sellers were a good deal disheartened,

although it was what might have been

expected with so large a supply. The

hogs received last week averaged in

weight 237 lbs., compared with 240 lbs. a

week earlier, 242 lbs. a few weeks ago,

226 lbs. a year ago and 209 lbs. two years

ago. The best lots of sheep and lambs

went at steady prices, and a sale was

made of two single-decks of clipped

lambs at $6.15, a small advance, but it

was a lot of holiday lambs. The market.

excépt for the best sheep and lambs was

largely a dime lower. Clipped stock was

salable at $4.50@6.15 for lambs; $4604.50

for wethers; $3614.35 for ewes and $4.256}?

5.25 for yearlings. Shearing and feeding

lambs were salable at $575606, with. not





, many offered.





Cattle continued for still another week

to come to market in only moderate num-

bers, and to this cause alone was the

further improvement in prices due, steers

as well as fat cows and heifers, selling

largely 150 higher by Wednesday. After

that day there was a smaller demand, as

there was less buying by eastern shippers





APRIL '15. .1911.

I





and exporters, and the market weakened

about 100 in numerous instances. The

week’s sales of beef steers were largely

at $5.70@6.60, with common to fair lots

going at 85.256736 and the better class of

shipping beeve‘s at $6.50@7..'10 and no lots

that could be classed as good offered

below $6.25. The best market of the

week was experienced on Wednesday,

and- good to choice handy and heavy





steers Were descriptions that caught the





best action and showed most gains. These

had a rather lively demand and sold

without much effort. Cows and heifers

on the butchering/order were good sellers

around $3.60@6.25, while cutters sold at

531060350, canners at $2.35@3 and bulls

at $4605.50. Calves were in liberal sup-

ply, the dairy districts in the country

tributary to Chicago furnishing the prin-

cipal portion, and over 8,000 calves ar-

rived on Tuesday, which is known popu-

larly as “calf day.” Calves sold better

than might have been expected under

such circumstances, the commonest to

the best going at $3.50@7.35. There was

less activity than heretofore in the

stocker and feeder branch of the market,

and while these cattle sold at extremely

high prices, some declines took place, es-

pecially in the common and medium

grades. Feeders were purchased usually

at $5605.90, stockers at $3.75@5.55 and

stock and feeder heifers at $3.70@4.80.

Milkers and springers sold on a basis of

$256060 per head, the commoner cows

ruling extremely dull and lower, while

prime Holrteins were wanted around

highest prices for eastern shipment.

Dairymen are becoming more particular

regarding the grade of the cows they

buy, and now more than ever the call is

running on prime cows, a class that is

not marketed especially freely.





llogs have for a week past moved up'





and down in accordance with the liberal-

ity of the offerings, buyers paying rallies

in values only at such times as the sup-

plies were held down to small numbers.

It was, as usual, the eastern shipping

demand that contributed mainly to such

strength as the market exhibited, al—

thougn buying by local speculators also

helped to strengthen the market for the

better class of swine. \Vhile the choicer

lots of light hogs of the class wanted

by manufacturers of bacon were invari-

ably much the highest sellers, there was

during the last half of the week a con-

traction of the recent wide spread in

quotations, with packing grades of hogs

bringing prices nearer those paid for

consignments on the light-weight ship—

ping order. Weighty offerings predomi-

nated, however, and it is evident that

stock feeders everywhere are putting low-

priced corn into their hogs and other live

stock, corn having fallen as low as 350

per bushel in parts of Iowa. Fresh pork

continues to meet with liberal sales, and

if provisions were reduced as much in

price in the retail meat markets as in

wholesale quantities, they would be con-

sumed much more. largely, pork whole-

saling asmuch as $10 per barrel lower

than a year ago. Unfortunately, the

dearness of cured meats and lard results

in rapidly increasing stocks in western

markets. -



Sheep and lambs have not been in very

strong general demand for a week past,

and declines in prices took place at dif-

ferent times, despite the moderate re—

ceipts, the rallies in the market being on

days when supplies were especially small.

There was some irregularity in the mar-

ket. with prime lots of high-dressing

quality selling part of the time at steady

prices, while the general market was de-

clining. There is all the time a persistent

demand for feeders of all kinds, and in

a recent week upward of 5,000 head went

to the country, probably over half of the

number being purchased for grazing next

summer, but not many Were offered last

week. The nearness of Easter has quick-

ened the demand for prime light-weight

lambs, while the lack of a reliable export

demand has a weakening influence on

heavy sheep and lambs. Eastern mar-

kets have in recent weeks accumulated

large numbers of carcasses, and this has

clogged trade.



Horses were in excellent general de-

mand last week, the various classes hav-

ing a good outlet at maintained prices,

with supplies kept down to reasonable

proportions. Light drivers sold better on

a basis of $15060300 per head, with the

greater part bringing $17560225, and

larger eastern buying orders for drivers

and saddlers. Good workers were want-

ed at 251800225, and blocky chunks were

active at $23060245, while prime heavy

drafters salable at $250fl340 were scarce

and not much called for. Light-weight

horses and mares for farm work sold

liberally at 3614060200, and better, and

choicer farm mares brought $22560275.



F.





NATIONAL CROP REPORT.





The crop reporting board of the bureau

of statistics of the United States De—

partment of Agriculture, estimates from

the reports of correspondents and agents

of the bureau that the average condition

of winter wheat on April 1 was 83.3 per

cent of a normal crop, against 80.8 on

April 1, 1910, 82.2 on April 1, 1909, and

86.9, the average condition for the past

ten years on April 1. There was an ad-

vance in condition from December 1, 1910,

to April 1, 1911, of 0.8 points, as com-

pared with an average decline in the past

ten years of 4.4 points between these

dates. This condition of winter wheat

as 83.3 indicates a crop of 509,000,000 bu.,

against an indicated crop of 504,860,000

bu. on December 1 and 480,212,000 bu. a

year ago. The final estimate of the crop

last year was 464,044,000 bu.



The average condition of rye on April

1 was 89.3 of a normal, against 92.3 on

April 1, 1910, 87.2 on April 1, 1909, and

90.2, the average condition for the past

ten years on April 1



There is growing interest in breeding

cattle, and breeders from eight states

were present‘at a recent Herrord sale at

Everest, Kansas,





 

   





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





"a

;..m~.r cm . , .,
“fled-gangs





firm a».- 4..





 





 





zen-an. 15,3“; .

THIS IS THE FRRST EDITION,





 





In the first edition the Detroit Live

St’ockmkets are reports 01 III! week;

all other market! an right 1],.“ data.

Thursday’s Detroit Live Stock market:

are given in the last edition. The first

edition h mailed Thursday the last ed!-

tion Friday morning. The first edition is

mailed to those who care more to get the

paper early than they do for Thursday’s

Detroit Live Stock market report. You

may have any edition desired. Subscrib-

ers may changelrom one edition to an-





other by dropping us a. card to that effect...





 





DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





Thursday’s Market.

April 6, 1911.

Cattle.





Receipts, 1,401. All grades selling above





$5.25; 10c lower. Light butchers strong;

all other grades full steady with last:

week.





\Ve quote: Best steers and heifers, $6;

steers and heifers, 1,000 to 1,200, $5.50@

5.75; steers and heifers, 800 to 1,000, $5.25

@550; steers and heifers that are fat,

500 to 700, $4.50@5.25; choice lat cows,

$4.506”; good fat cows, $4.25@4.50; com-

mon cows, $3.50@4; canners, $2.50@3.25;

choice heavy bulls, $5; fair to good bo-

lognas, bulls, $4.50@4.75; stock bulls, $4@

4.25; milkers, large, young, medium age,

$406950; common milkers, $25@35.



Spicer & R. sold Newton B. Co. 27

steers av 955 at $5.80, 20 do av 1,097 at

$5.80, 7 do av 747 at $5.35, 2 do av 950 at

$5 75-, l cow weighing 820 at $4.50, 3 do

av 843 at $3.50; to Bresnahan 2 heifers

av 410 at $4.25, 5 butchers av 580,3.t $4.75,

4 do av 545 at $4.85; to Breitenbeck 4

cows av 967 at $4.25, 2 heifers av 705 at

$4. 12 butchers av 922 at $5.40; to Newton

B. Co. 6 cows av 930 at $3.50, 1 do weigh-

ing 716 at $2.50, I do weighing 890 at

$2.75; to Sullivan P. Co. 2 bulls av 1,000

at $4.50, 10 steers av 1.020 at $5.75, I cow

weighing 1,300 at $4.50, 8 steers av 1,307

at $5.75; to Parker, W'. 8: Co. 6 do av

1,010 at $5.50; to Thompson Bros. 3 cows

av 1,097 at $4.80; to Sullivan P. Co. 4 do

av 1,032 at. $4.25, 4 heifers av 760 at $5,

7 steers av 837 at $5.75, 1 cow weighing

1,120 at $4.50, 2 steers av 1,045 at $6, 1

bull weighing 1,200 at $4.50. 1 do weigh-

ing 1,500 at $5, 1 cow weighing 850 at

$2.50, 1 bull weighing 1,020 at $4.50, 1

cow weighing 1,440 at $5.25. 3 do av 1,066

at $4, 5. butchers av 837 at $5.25, 9 steers

av 930 at $5.75, 10 do av 968 at $5.40; to

Mich. B. Co. 2 bulls av 1,065 at $4.75.



Roe Com. C0. sold Kamman 3 cows av

934 at $4.25; to Goose 1 do weighing 840

at $3, 5 do av 988 at $4.30; to Fry 20

butchers av 760 at $5: to Regan 3 heifers

av 540 at $4.75; to Kamman 2 cows av

940 at $4, 2 do av 1,205 at $5, 11 steers

av 942.at $5.65; to Thompson Bros. 2

butchers av 935 at $5: to Sullivan P. Co.

1 bull weighing 1,390 at $5; to Mich. B.

Co. 9‘ butchers av 761 at $5, 1 cow weigh-

ing 1,000 at $4, 1 bull weighing 1,140 at

$4.75; to Newton E. Co. 16 steers av 960

at $5.75, 23 do av 938 at $5.50, 1 do weigh-

ing 600 at $4; to Mich. B. Co. 6 steers av

891 at $5.50, 17 do av 840 at $5.50, 27 do

av 967 at $5.70; to Sullivan P. Co. 2 bulls

av 1,220 at $4.75; to Newton B. Co. 21

steers av 1,080 at $5.60, 1 cow weighing

1,250 at $5.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Goose 5 cows av

1,058 at $4.40, 2 do av 835 at $3.25; to

Mich. B. Co. 15 butchers av 812 at $5.31",

1 cow weighing 790 at $3. 16 butchers av

824 at $5.20, 2 cows av 925 at $4, 2 cow

and bull av 1,275 at $4.50, 2 bulls av 970

at $4.50, 2 cow and bull av 1,035 at $4.60,

21 butchers av 795 at $5.10; in Hammond,

S. & Co. 19 steers av 971 at $5.75, 6 do av

843 at $5.35, 2 bulls av 1,025 at $5.25, 1 do

weighin 11370 at $5. 21 steers and heifers

av 905 a “$5.50, 12 steers av 960 at $5.75,

4 do av 987 at $5.60, 1 bull weighing 1,070

at $5, 2_ steers av 685 at $5.25, 1 cow

weighing 820 at $4, 19 steers av 878 at

$5.50. 1 do weighing 1,150 at $6.25, 2 bulls

av 1,250 at $4.75; to Sullivan 1". Co. 1 bull

weighing 1,380 at $4.80: to Newton B. Co.

3 cows av 940 at $3, 18 steers av 900 at

$5.60, 4 do av 740 at $5: toKamman B. Co.

20 do av 996 at $5.70; to Sullivan P. Co.

1 bull weighing 1,200 at $4.75; to Parker,

\V. & Co. 2 cows av 825 at $3.50, 1 steer

weighing 1,040 at $5.50. 4 butchers av 735

at $4.50, 4 cows av 905 at $4.25, 2 do av

755 at $3; to Rattkowsky 1 steer weighing

1,000 at $5.75, 4 cows av 1,042 at $4, I bull

weighing 460 at $4; to Mich. B. Co. 17

butchers av 300 at $5.35, 10 steers av

1,015 at $5.70: to Newton B. Co. 2 cows av

715 at $3.50; to Sullivan P. Co. 1 bull

weighing 1,800 at $4.75, 1 cow weighing

1,000 at $4, 3 steers av 816 at $5.35, 8 do

av 875 at $5.10; to Kull 10 do av 970 at

$5.80.



Haley & M. sold Thompson Bros. 6

cows av 871 at $4.55; to Hammond, S. &

Co. 19 steers and heifers av 760 at $5.40,

1 steer weighing 810 at $5, 26 do av 963

EL .,.;.75; to Kamman 3 do av 543 at $5.25;

to Kamman B. Co. 3 do av 957 at $5.60,

6 do av 820 at $5.30, 3 cows av 1,010 at

$4.60, 2 cows av 950 at $4.50, 2 steers av

925 at $5.75, 2 heifers av 545 at $4.60: to

Regan 3 heifers av 623 at $4.65_ 3 do av

523 at $4.65: to Rattkowsky 1 cow weigh-

ing 1.080 at 553-75; to Kamman 1 bull

weighing 1,340 at $5.25, 4 cows av 1,085

at $4.60; to (loose 2 do av 930 at $3.75; to

Fromm 1 bull weighing 480 at $3.65; to

Sullivan P. CO. 2 do av 1,480 at $5, 1 do

weighing 350 at $4.60, 2 steers av 765 at

$5.30, 2 do av 860 at $5.30.



Stephens sold Mich. B. Co. 7 steers av

880 at $5.60, 3 cows av 1,050 at $4.



Wilson sold Kamman 2 bulls av 1,150 at

$4.55, 3 steers av 1,070 at $5.75.



Veal Calves.



Receipts, 997. Market active and 25c

higher than last week. Best, $7.50@7.75;

others, $4@7; milch cows and springers

steady.



Spiccr & R. sold Sullivan I’. Co. 6 av

104 at $5.50, 17 av 130 at $7.10; to Thomp-

son Bros. 17 av 140 at $6.40; to Parker,





 





THE “"MI'CHIGAN' Relish—3R: ~





to Mich. B. Co. 16 av 140 at $6.85, 3 av





150 at $56.86;“) Golden 2 av 140 at $4.50;





to McGuire 4 av 155 at $7.25; to Goose





W. & 00.17 av 135 at $7, 3 av 95 at $5;‘





3 av 150 at $7; to Parker, 11'. & Co. 6 av

129 at $7.25, 6 at 155 at $6.75.



Roe Com. C0. sold Hammond, S. & Co.

4 av 145 at $7, 2 av 115 at $6, 4 av 120 at

$6.75; to Goose 20‘ av 12'. at $7.



Stephens sold Hammond, S. & C0. 5

av 145 at $7.



V'Vi‘lson sold Thompson 12 av 145 at $5.50.



Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts, 3,603. Market steady at last

Thursday's prices. Common wools and

heavy clips very dull. Best lambs, $6.75;

fair to good lambs, $6@6.50; light to com-

mon lambs, $5@5.50; clip lambs, $5@5 25:

fair to good sheep, $4.50@4.75; culls and

common, $3603.50.



Bishop, 11. a ll. sold Sullivan P. CO. 14

sheep av 120 at $4.50, 13 yearlings av 115





at $5.75; to Street 18 lambs av 105 at $5, .





39 do av 100 at $5, 14 do av 100 at $5, 24

do av 67 at $5.25; to Thompson Bros. 20

do av 100 at $6.30, 16 do av 77 at $6.30;

to Fitzpatrick Bros. 39 clip lambs av 85

at $4.50, 24 lambs av 80 at $5.40; to New-

ton B. Co. 190 do av 75 at $6.65; to Mich.

B. Co. 236 do av 70 at $6.70, 6 clip lambs

av 75 at $5.50, 5 sheep av 60 at $4.50.





Spicer & R. sold Nagle P. Co. 97 spring '





lambs av 53 at $8.50; to Sullivan P. Go.

8 clip sheep av 110 at $3.35; to Street 20

do av 120 at $4.75, 60 do av 95 at $5.25; to

Eschrich 64 do av 58 at $5.25. -

Lingeman sold Sullivan P. Co. 98 lambs

av 80 at $6.75.

Hogs.

No hogs sold up to

\Vednesday’s





Receipts, 3,733.

noon; bidding steady at

prices.



Range of prices: Light to good butch-

ers, $6.90; pigs, $7; mixed, $6.80@6.90;

heavy, $6.50@6.75.



Roe Com. Co- sold Hammond, S. &

Co., 125 av 190 at $6.90



Spicer & R. sold same 270 av 150 at

$6.00, 50 av 225 at $6.85.

$6ligley 6'; M. sold same 260 av 180 at



(



Sundry shippers sold same 410 av 185

at $6.90.



Bishop, B. 8: H. sold Parker, W. & C0.

800 av 180 at $6.90, 410 av 150 at $6.95, 80

av 240 at $6.80.



Market closed steady to 50 higher.





 





Friday’s Market.





April 7, 1911.

Cattle.

Receipts this week, 1,447: last week.

1,488. The market opened with a light

run in all departments and everything





was disposed of before noon Trade was

active and strong. Thursday’s prices

were paid for all grades.



\Ve quote: Best steers and heifers, $6:

steers and heifers, 1.000 to 1,200, $5.50@

5.75; steers and heifers, 800 to 1,000, $5@

5.50; steers and heifers that are fat, 500

to 700, $4.50G1.5.25; choice fat cows, $4.50





@‘5; good fat cows, 33.750425; common-

cows, 632361350: canners, $2.75 @3;





choice heavy bulls, $5; fair to good im-

lognas, bulls, $4 50@4.75; stock bulls, $3.50





6114; milkers, large, young, medium age.

$401955; common milkers, $251935.

Veal Calves.



Receipts this week, 1,105; last vrcek,

1,222.. Trade was strong at Thursday‘s

advance. \Ve quote: Best grades, 6761‘

7.75; others, 34606.50.



. Sheep and Lambs.

Receipts this week. 4,198; last week,





40,409. The run of sheep and lambs was

light, but quality considered, prices were

fully as high as on Thursday. A few

spring lambs were on sale and brought

$8. per hundred.

fair to good lambs, $6@6.25; light to com-

mon lambs, $5.50@5.80: clip lambs, $5.25

(@550; fair to good sheep, $4.50@5; culls





and common, $3@3.75; s rin lambs



$8698.50. p g ’

Hogs.



Receipts this week, 4,366; last week,





7,339.. The hog trade was active and 5@

10c. higher than on Thursday.



e Rag'zge of pig??? Light to good butch-

rs, . :plgs. . ;mixed, 6.90 ;

$6.50@6.75. $ @7 heavy





 





Presrdent L. M. Stratron of the Strat-

ton Provision (30., Memphis, reports that

the south Will put in a record—breaking

cotton area this year, that everybody is

working, and that the high cotton prices

have been making an abundance of mon—

ey. 1n the south. \i'hile more hogs were

ralsed. last year than the year before,

he thInks the gain is not large enough

to affect the demand for hog meats, and

he predicts a good business through the

summer period. The south has been a

large consumer of provisions for some

time past. having drawn heavily on

stocks .In Chicago and other western sup—

ply pomts, and between this outlet and





the enlarged export movement, which is1





double that .of a. year ago much of the

time. there is now a good movement in

cured hog products and lard.





You don’t put two



men on a. job that



one can easily do.



You farm forprofit



fad lino: one (101- ' ‘ ' '

at save in help hlroaud modellers

tlmeadds twodollarsto your buy ”03:85:13 '





flay Loader Hay-Gan





panache man's time and doubles your money.





“ d3 Quicker. and quick



loading means better



. hay. Bentsxain to the



Hay field. Can be



placed on any flat hay



rack. Write today fir



special proposibon.’

Spartan .13. en. 1



Dept. 41 MIL





 





The DAIN Vertical

Lift Mower





leads all others. It’s easy on the



horses, convenient to handle, and so



strongly made that it will be doing



duty years after other mowers have

. gone to the scrap heap.



Its Compensating Gem and Cutter

Bar Renhgning Device are successful

examples of the wonderful inventive



. genius of Mr. .loacph Dain. The gears

are so mounted in relation to each

other that. perfect balance and true

mosh are permanently insured and

the crank Shams relieved of all and

thrust, preventing lest. motion, re-

ducmg draft and mutinlying cutting

power. That is why the Bath Mower



' runslightlyandcuts whereotherslafl.



, Otherpointsot superiority are: Ad-



? mm Draft Hitch: Automatic Clutch





. an and extra large





The Vertical Lift lsso handy to operate a boy



~ can raise the cutter bar with ease. ltls the



only mower you can realign. yourself. rlghtln



:"2 tho field with your wrench. This when]



'3 adjustment for malntnlnlng the cutter bar in



. line with the pltman. means added efficiency

‘ Ind years of. extra. service.



The Daln is the mower that will give you

complete satisfaction.



Conant the nearest Dnln dealer: learn all

about this (mutant of all Mowers, and About

the entire line of Daln Hay Tools, lat-den,



‘ Bide Delivery Rakes. suckers. Sweep Rakes.

Presses: every one the best or its kind.



We mks best buy tools beam we've been

specialising on. them for over a quarter of a '

century.



Semi for full particulars and a. free copy of

“All About Bay," the most complete and



ticnl booklet on the subject every written.

rite today. A postal card will do.





AIN MFG. CO.





814 VINE STREET

OTTUMWA, - KOWA





A





 





l





 





Best lambs, $6.50@6.75:‘





   

 





lwant to send you

5'3- this wonderfulgrind-

it 6|“. frcirht rc aid.

: for free trial to prove

7 its value as a great

" labor saving machine



for sharpening all

kinds of tools.



10 DAYS

FREE TRIAL

Has genuine Carbo-

rundum wheels—will

notdrawtemperfrom

steel—ZSKhncs [um

thanzm' acflzlf

million in use.

Guarantecleym

:- 12 “ch3 ll 0

‘ ‘ Write today for 10

days Free Trial Of



_: _ for and sharpen you

" IV 12 farm (0015 free.

- . C. J. Luther. Pres.

Luther Grinder Co.. 661 Newton St., Milwaukee. Wis.





RHEUMATISM





DR. WHITEHALL'S





Rheumatic Remedy





For 15 years a Standard Remedy for

all forms of Rheumatism, lumlmgo,

gout, sore muscles, stiff or swollen

5 joints. It quickly relieves the scverc

’ pains; reduces the fever, and elimi-

nates the poison from the system.

50:. a box at druggists.

Write for a Free Trial lax.





DI. WHITEHALL MEGRIMINE (30-.

206 N. Main Street. South Bend, Indiana





,i’OR INFORMATION AS TO LANDS IN





The Nation’s

Garden Spot—





THA'I' GREAT FRUIT and TRUCK





   

 





 





 





 





' rims lllll um um





 





 





 





GROWING SECTION—

: along the





Atlantic Coast Line





RAILROAD





in Virginia, North and South Carolina,

Georgia, Alabama and Florida, write to

WILBUR McCOY. E. N. CLARK,

A. Jr l. A gt. for Florida, A. & l. Ailt. I‘Ul' Vlrglnia

A labunm. Georgia, in ml the Carolluas,

Jacksonvnle, l-‘la. Wilmington, N. C,





 





 





 





457





(25)





 





 





 





 





‘ . FIR SALE fill EXGHAIBE





FOR slams-so m... s ...n 1......

_ . ed, fenced. House and

fair buildings good water. “'nuld make a nod stock

farm. Price $2.000. 15-; miles from 'Ulverine.

Cheboym 00.. Mich. Enquire of Thomas Pankhurst.





FOR SAL E—Zifi acres of best

Michigan farm land

located 4 miles east of Ann Arbor. Large modern





house and burns, fine water supply and 20 acres wood

lot. Inquire at 424 S. Main St... Ann Arbor. Michigan.





 





 





 





—-Cholce Film. Stock and Fruit Lam



For sale in Gladwin and Clare Counties. We



have atom acres of fine unimproved lands alsosome



improved Farms. “'rite us for maps and folders.

_ A. J. STEVENS & C0.. Gladwln. Michigan.





 





“I -Don'l: pay oommisaions. We

Farms antEd find you direct buyer. Write

describing y, naming lowest rice. We help

buyers locate desirable properties F EE. American

Investment Association. 3 Palace, Minneaplie, an.





when you can buy

the Best Land in

Mich! n at. from

$6 to 0 an acre





near Saginaw and Bay City. Write for mo and par-

ticulars. Clear title and easy terms. 'Sta eld Bros-1..

(owners? 16 Merrill Bldg , Saginmv, V\. S. Michigan.





 





' ya better than any other invcst‘

rem m fine. Splendid opportunity for





men 0! limited mans. Capitalists clear from 10

to” percent annually on advances in valuation.

No pot-on ever loft Texas to find a. better climate or

better land Why not get own from the cold, dis-

ngreeuble winters of the Nort and “Live Where

Life is Worth the Living?" For free descriptive

circulars address TI] 3 CORTRIGHT L ND

AGENCY, Slaughter Building. Dallas. Texas.





comrade Grows Double Craps





Colorado needsfio.” more formers. Double ems of

wheat. outs. alfalfa hay,‘potutoes raised. Mild, dry

climate: big homo markets. Write for "Irrigated

Farming" booklet.





BOARD of IMMIGRATION,

309 State House, Denver, Colo.





‘ 240 Acres $4,100

Stock and Tools Included.





Good comfortable home. will bring you 1| handsome

yearly prolit, tilublc Inml yielding 300 bushcls potu;

toes to ncrc, cuts 60 tons llzu' lwcsitlcs other crops,

spring watered pusluro for 10 cows. 13L!) cords of noml,

large apple orchard, (ml) 1'. mild to (lcpnt nurl villnuc,

mail dolivercrl, lH'Hl. 01' markets for all produce :11

highest. prices. 2 story IT-room house, burn 315x30,





 





 





tie-u 22 cows. two other large burns and sewrnl our»

bull lugs. 11' taken now owner will include- 3 horses,

7cows, ii cnlrcs, hog. wagons. and (Ill nim‘hincry and

tools, for 0111‘ $1.11)“. purr cash. cos) lcrms. For

details of this and other farm bargains from #1000 up,

see page 117 Strout's Big Farm t‘ululog No SN. .lusl





 





out. Copy free. Station 101. E. A._S’l‘ll()l"l'. run...

Bank Building, Pittsburg. Pa,





 





The Farmer’s Son’s





Great Opportunity





Why wait for the old farm to become your in-

l6 herllulmc? Begin now to prepare for

your future prosperity and inde-

pcndencc. A grout opportunity

awaits you in Manitoba, Saskatch-

ewan or Alberta. whom you can se-

cure a Free Homestead or buy land

at reasonable prices.





Now’s the Tlme





-not a year from now. when land

will be highcr, Tho profits secured

. from the abundant crops of

heat. Oats and Barley. u

VIII We raising. are causing astendy ud-

' tuna in price. Government returns show

that the number of settlers in West-

em 13 from the U. S. was 60

., per cent larger in 1910 than the

- 5 year.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Many farmers have paid for their

land out of the proceeds of one crop.

Free Homesteadsot 160 acres and

Dre-emotions of 1 80 acres at $3.00

. an acre. Splendid climate. good

schools. excelleu t railway facilities,

low 0 rates: wood, water and

lumber easily obtained.

. For pamphlet ‘ Last Best West," particular-

§ no wlocutions and low sealers‘ rate. applyto

Sup't Immig. ,Ottawn. Can. , or to Can. Gov. Agt.





M. V. McInnes

176 Jefferson Ave., Detroit. Mel).

C. A. Lower. Marquette. Mich.





(55)





 





 





 





Raise the crops

You Know Besl





Same energy, same seed, same

methods that make a bare liv~

ing for you now will make you

independent in





Genlral Alberta





You will feel at home and own

your home.





Best Soil Best Climate

Best Crops Best Stock

Write today. COuntry filling up fast.





antral Albert: bovelopmont Leaguo

Box 58. Edmonton, Alberta. Canada.





 





 





 





 





 





“Saw your Ad. in the





JUST SAY mchigan Farmer”





 





 





 





 





when writing to our Advertisers.





 





 





 





Our tile lasts





H. B. CAMP co..





perfectly smooth inside. Will not clog.

Write for prices delivered at your nearest railroad station.





Fulton 3163.,





BEST in the WORLD





Burnt as hard as flint. Round hole

Sold in carload lots.





for ever.





Pittsburg,’ Pa
458 (26).





One Year (52 copies) . .

Two Years (104 copies) - .





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.‘





VALUABLE PBEMIUMS WE GIVE FREE. 4





The premiums described and illustrated below are given free with our re

but must be requested when sending your order, otherwise will not be sent.





REMIT AT THESE PRICES TO SECURE;PREMIUMS:





$1.00

2.00





Three Years (156 copies)

Five Years (204 copies)





. 2.75





APRIL 15. 1911. ' .





gular subscription offers. . They are all sent postpaid





20 to 40





$2.00 E

PAGES WEEKLY





GET up A‘ GLUB Of Two 0“ “DRE—We give extra premiums for a club of two or more Michigan Farmer subscriptions





as explained after each premium.





request Send all orders to





You can secure as many of the premiums as you can secure subscriptions for and remember





each subscriber you secure also gets a premiwm as below if requested in your order. We send you free sample cepies on





THE MICHIGAN FARMER, Detroit, Michigan.





 





 





Easy Opener Knife.—Made of finest English cast steel, hardened and tempered.

a. knife of superior quality throughout.





for 75 cents.





(1, 2, 3 or 5 years). Always mention Premium No. 205.





 





This knife is guaranteed to give satisfaction if properly used.

\Ve give it free with the Michigan Farmer for 1, 2, 3 or 5 years.





Ebony handle, brass lined, in fact.

Retails ordinarily

Also free for a club of tw0 subscriptions,





 





Farmer’s Knife—This knife has same quality of material as the Easy Opener but does not have that feature as some

We give it free with the Michigan Farmer for 1, 2, 3

Always mention Premium N0. 207.





prefer not to have it.

subscriptions, (1, 2, 3 or 5 years).





 





Leather Punch Knife.—An excellent knife and a handy tool combined.





tage in repairing harness.

use one.

or 5 years.





30i$





snaams;

4012?.»





Wu:

C

r"

,—

m

m

—c

is

>

N



.o



.2:





 





“PRESTO” The “ALL-IN-ONE” RAZOR STROP





This strop is made from the finest horse-hide leather, tanned by special proc-

This preparation is so

thoroughly incorporated in the leather that it is guaranteed not to peel,





esses. then chemically treated with





scrape or wash off





Any man can strop a razor with as keen an edge as can the most expert barber.

A few strokes on the sharpening side. followed by a like number on the finishing

side does the trick. The lot we have purchased are “Extra. Strong" and it re-

quires but little stropping to bring a deadly dull blade to a hair splitting edge.

Also free for a. club of two





Free with the Michigan Farmer 1, 2

subscriptions, (1. 2, 3 or 5 years).





We give it free with the Michigan Farmer 1, 2, 3 or 5 years.

Always mention Premium No. 208.





.715“; uozvu‘





“all-in—one” solution.





. 3 or 5 years.

Mention Premium No. 211.





or 5 years.





wear,





Also free for a club of two





. _ , The punch blade can beused to good advan-

l‘he knife is made out of the same quality of material as the others and every farmer could





Also free for a. club of two subscriptions, (1, 2, 3





   





~ NH



Not a cheap razor such as is generally

used as a premium. It is made of best

steel, black handle, hollow ground 5/..-in.

concave blade; honed and stropped ready

for use. We give it free with the Mich-

igan Farmer for 1, 2, 3 or 5 years. Also

free for a club of two subscriptions. (1,

2,.3 or 5 years). Always mention Pre-

mium N0. 210





 





em Fold and Coin

Purse. Cowhide leath-





 





Patent Tension Shears





Good quality of material, 8 inches

with patent adjustable spring ten-

! preventingi ithe blades

mm s readin and vng a. C can

‘cut thep full legngt'h. gWe have sent ontwear a half dozen of the ordinary

out thousands of these with excel- klnd.

, lent reports from users. and they 1. 2. 3 or 5 .VeiU'S-



have been one of our most popular two subscriptions, (1, 2, 3 or 5 years).

' Free with the Mich- Mention Premium No. 102.

igan Farmer 1, 2. 3 or 5 years.

Also free for a club of two sub-

2, 3 or 5 years).





 





sion bolt,





premiums.





scriptions, (1,

Mention Premium No. 159.





 





 





 





Heroic Deeds of





country and his

Famous Adventures

the Wilds of Africa.





Handsomely bound in cloth.

pages. size 7x9 inches.

grade book paper. Regular

would be $1.50.





Also free for three subscriptions,

2, 3 or 5 years.

Premium No.‘ 203.





The Illustrious Career and





Bill. ROOSEVELT





Containing a full account of his stren-



uous career; his early life; his adven-



tures on a ranch; as a leader of the



Rough Riders: President of our great scriptions, (1, 2’ 3 or 5 years).

7





in

400





Profusely il-

lustrated and well printed on high-





er. stitched through-

out. One pecket for

coins, and separate

fold for bills. Size 2%

x3 1,9. Button fasten-

ers. A strong. sub-

stantial purse that will





 





Free with the Michigan Farmer

Also free for a. club of





 





Farmer's Calculator,





Veterinary Adviser.

and Farm Record.

Veterinary a d v i c 9





alone makes this book

of in-calculaible value

to every farmer. In





addition there are

hundreds of tables of

weights, measures, in-

terest}, dimensions,

etc., and a very com-

plete farm record.

Pocket size. 336M534





 





Free with the -Michi-

igan Farmer 1, 2, 3 or

Also free for a club of two sub-

Mention





5 years.





Premium No.





 





 





Lack Stitch Sewing Awl, with straight

and curved needles. Makes a. lock stitch





price 'with one thread and one operation. For

We give it with the harness, sacks. canvas or any heavy seW-





Michigan Farmer for 5 years at $2.75. ing. Regular price of this awl is $1.00 in

(1’ most stores.





Free with the Michigan

Farmer 1. 2. 3 or 5 years. Also free for





 





Always mention a club of two subscriptions, (1, 2, 3 or 5





years). Mention Premium No.- 123





 





Michigan Farmer’s club List.





For the benefit and convenience of our sub.

scribers we have arranged the following list of

papers on which we can save them money.



asides the money. they save the trouble and

expense of sending each order separately.



EXPLANATION—The first column is the reg-

ular subscription price of the other papers. The

second column gives our price for a year's sub—

scription to both the other paper and Michigan

Farmer. The third column gives the price at which

the other paper may be added when three or more

are ordered. Example: We will send the Michigan

Farmer and Detroit Semi-Weekly Journal for 01.60.

Ii.iorinstence. McCall’s Magazine also Is wanted

add it at 40c making total 32.00. Any number oi!

papers may be added at third column price it they

are for a subscriber to the Michigan Former.



It you want the MICHIGAN FARMER THREE

YEARS and the other pl ere one year add 1.00 to

the second column price. or the Michigan Farmer

5 years add $1.75. We do not send samples of other

papers. Address the publishers direct.



Send all orders to the Michigan Farmer or

through our agents.



We will take your order for any publication you

want whether it sted or not. Write for rates.



N0’l‘E.—So long as a subscriber is on our list for

one or more years he may order at any time any

publication at third column price. So that a three or

five-y ear subscriber does not lose the advantage of

the reduced price If he wants any other paper next

year or the year after. ,



Subscriptions ordered to Canada require

postage. Write for rates unless postage is known.

in that case include with order. Postage on Mich-

igan Farmer alone to Canada is 1 cent per week.





 





NAME or PUBLICATION. 5“ "p13“-





 





 





 





tion above.

Dal". (6 a Wfioko ) ’ 3

Journal. Detroit. Mich on rural route 2 50 3 50 2 55



H II on II It 6 00 5 25 4 75

Times. Detroit ....................................... 2 00 2 75 1‘ 75

News Grand Rapids. Mlch............... '1. 00 2 25 1 50

Courier-Herald. Saginaw. Mich . (inc.



Sunday) on R R ......................... 50 2 55 1 so

News. Cleveland. Ohio.... 2 00 2 85 1 85

Tribune. Bay City. Mich. .. 2 00 2 75 1 s5

News-Bee. Toledo. Ohio ........................ 2 00 2 50 1 65



'l‘rI-Weekly. (3 a Week.)

World. New York. (8 a week)............. 1 00 i 70 75



Semi-Weekly. (9 a Week.)



Journal, Detroit. Mich............ 1 00 1 60 75

Weekly Newspapers and Current Comment

Blade. Toledo. Ohio ............................. 1 00 1 30 35

Commoner. Wm J. Brynn. Editor.



Lincoln. Neb...7...1 00 1 60 65



Inter Ocean. Chicago (w) ..................... 1 on 1 35 75





Cattle, Sheep Swine. Poultry.etc.

American Poultry Journel.Chicngo(m) 50

American Poultry Advocate. Syracuse.



N. Y. m ........................................

American Sheep Breeder. Chicago (m) 1 00

American Swineherd. Chicago. (m).... 50

Breeders’ Gazette. Chicago. (w) ...........

Farm Poultry Boston. Mass. (l-m) ...... 50

Cleaning: in Bee Culture. Medina. 0.





p—a

q

0'





...—”...... HNNH H p-‘r—HHH v-n

q .

O





(s-m ................................................ 00 7o 75

Board's Dniryman. Fort Atkinson.



Wis. (w) ........................................ 1 oo 1 00

Home World. Buflalo. N. Y. (w) ......... 2 00 25 1 50

Horsemen. Chicago. (111) ...................... 2 00 55 1 50

Jersey Bulletin. Indianapolis. Ind. (w) 1 00 35 1 (,0

Kimball’s Dairy Farmer. Waterloo.



In. (s-m) .......................................... 40 30 3-;

Poultry Keeper. Quincy. Ill. (m) ........ 50 80 35

Poultry Success. Springfield. 0. (m)... . 50 30 40

Reliable Poultry Journal.Quincy.Ili.(m 50 30 35

Swine Breedres’ Journal. Indianapolis.



Ind. (a-m) ....................................... 5o 1 30 35



Popular Magazines.

American Magazine. (in). ..................... 1 oo 1 95 95

Etude. Philadelphia. Pa. (in) ............... 1 50 1 95 1 00

Hampton's Magazine. N. Y. (m).... .. . 1 50 2 00 1 10

Metropolitan Magazine. N. Y. (m)..... 1 50 2 00 1 00





Mechanical Digest Grand. Rapids (m) 50 i 15 25

m) ........... 1





McClures. Magazine. N. Y. ( 50 2 05 1 50

Musician. Boston. Mass. (m)..........._ 1 50 2 05 1 10

Outing Magazine. N. Y. (m) ................. 3 00 3 40 3 00

People’s Home Journal. N. Y. (m) ...... 50 1 25 30

Pearson’s Magazine. New York (m)..... 1 50 1 75 1 50

Red Book Magazine. Chicago. 111. (m) 1 50 2 301 25

Success. N. Y. (m) .............................. 1 00 1 75 so

Lndles’ or Household.



Designer. N. Y. (m) .............................. 75 1 55 so

Everyday Housekeeping. Salem.



Mass. (in) ......................................... 50 1 4o 35

Harper’s Bazar. N. Y. (m) ................... 1 00 1 75 1 00

Housewife. N. Y. (m) ........................... 35 1 25 80

McCall’s Magazine. N. Y. (m) ............... 50 1 35 40

Mother’s Mag.. Elgin. Ill. (In) .............. 50 1 35 50

Modern Prescills. Boston. Mass (m) ...... 75 1 55 60

Pictorial Review N. Y. (m) ................. 1 00 1 75 80

Women’s Home Companion. N. Y.... 1 50 2 05 1 25



Religious and Juvenile.

American Boy. Detroit. MICD- (m)... 1 00 1 65 75

Little Folks. Salem. Mass. (m) ............ 1 00 1 75 1 00

Sunday School Times. Philadelphia,



Pa. (w) ............................................. 1 00 1 80 85

Young People’s Weekly. Elgln. Ill. (w) 75 1 45 75





 





 





 





(w—weekly; m—monthly: s-m—semi-montniy.)





FREE PREMIUMS.



Those subscribing for the Michigan

Farmer in combination with other papers

are allowed premiums just the same as

if the order was for the Michigan Farmer

alone. One premium only for every

Michigan Farmer order. Orders for other

papers alone will receive no premium

under any circumstances.





Don't fall to notice our

offer to new subscribers on

another page.





 





 





 





ob





 





maligweaewm . »
3w





 





 





 





_ “fancy”





'APRIL 15. 1911:. 1





POULTlgi-n BEBE





PURE-BREDS.





 





MONGRELS VS.





 





Where there is one sensible reason ad-

vanced for keeping mongrel fowls there

are at least ten in favor of keeping pure-

breds. Men who are just entering the

business, and those who have long been

satisfied with mongrels, are frequently

misled by the oft-repeated statement

that “dunghills” are the best layers. It

must be admitted that they lay more

eggs in the aggregate because of the fact

that there are more of them, and few

people are fair enough to condemn their

own acts even though they know they

are wrong. One reason “dunghills” are

so popular is that it is easy and cheap

to keep right on inbreeding, or, when the

need of change becomes very apparent,

to trade “dunghill” roosters for some of

the same kind from neighboring flocks.



I said there were ten reasons for keep-

ing pure-bred stock for every due in

favor of the “no breed" kind, although

I confess that I have never heard that

one lone good reason myself. Pure-bred

fowls, other things equal, are superior in

health and vitality, and a healthy fowl

will lay more eggs, or dress a better car-

cass, than a weak or sickly one. They

are uniform, consequently make a more

pleasing appearance dressed. There is

always a better demand for this class of

poultry, but usually you do not have to

dress many of them, for I have often no.

ticed the inconsistency of these aforesaid

“dunghill” advocates. Let some neighbor

invest a few dollars in a {lock of well-

bred fowls and these same scoffers at

“good breeding" will soon be around with

a proposition to trade some of their

“dunghills” or to buy some of the pure-

breds at market prices.



Let me say right here that a well-bred,

well kept flock will make its own reputa-

tion in a short time. It is





.THE MICHIGAN FARM‘ER.





the entrances and try to have some kind

of a windbreak, even if it is nomore

than a loose board leaned against the

windward side of the hive. Feed each

colony at little warm, thin syrup. Leave

the feeders under the hives all summer,

as they are not in the way, and when

from any cause the bees cannot get hon-

ey from the flowers, you can easily give

them a little syrup, thus often saving

their brood. Food given judiciously is of

immense value, for without it many bee-

keepers have empty instead of full su-

pers. Food in some form may be re—

quired in the spring to help on a colony

to its full strength in readiness for the

honey flow; it is none the less needful

during the summer, when, through a

continuance of unfavorable weather, loss

is otherwise inevitable. There must, how-

ever, be a difference in the consistency

in the spring and autumn syrups. The

reason for this difference is that in spring

the bees leave the hive for water with

which to thin the food they, in their

capacity of nurse bees, prepare for the

queen and grubs. When syrup is given

containing a good proportion of water

these journeys are rendered unnecessary,

while in the autumn, unless syrup about

the consistency of honey is supplied, the

bees will have considerable trouble in

getting rid of the superfluous moisture in

order to seal it over; and, if they could

do this, the syrup remaining exposed

might and probably would ferment and

cause dysentery.



At this season many bee-keepers en-

tirely overlook the importance of bring-

ing water into the apiary but allow the

bee to search for it as best she can, and

usually at a great loss to the colony, es-

pecially during the warm days in early

spring. Like the farm or dairy, it is a

close attention to small items that pays

best, and negligence in the apiary is just

as prolific of losses as in any other in-

dustry. Many of us do not consider the

important uses to which water is applied“

in the apiary. or the losses resulting from





 





surprising how soon poultry

farmers in any neighborhood

learn of the introduction of .1

pure-bred flock, and its owner

will in time be able to dispose

of enough of his stock, to be

used in the improvement of

ordinary farm flocks, to more

than repay his original in-

vestment for “blood.” The

surplus will never be worth

any the less in the markets

because of the fact that they

are pure—breds.



Another thing: We have.

or ought to have. a. pride in

our flock. and with this pride

comes that better attention

to details which is so neces-

sary in this business. While

not all are qualified for the

poultry business,

strict attention to breeding a

little better fowl each year

may open up fields not even

dreamed of at the start.





 





 





 





E. qty-'11?





 





 





“Getting in" wrong, or





starting on t00 large a scale, Brown Leghorn Cock, 3 State Fair Prize Winner.

From the Flock of Chas. Ruff, of St. Clair Co.





is ‘the cause of most of the

”wrecks" in this business. It

is better to start moderately and build up

carefully and safely. The equipment

should be such as will insure comfort and

convenience, but any extra expenditure

over and above this should go into the

flock itself. Some contend that appear-

ance counts for more than anything else.

It does .count, but not to the degree

imagined. I believe that it counts a whole

lot less than quality in the stock, for this

is the lasting test of the stability of your

business. Prices cut a. mighty big figure

with most buyers, too.



Regarding the buying of a fully equip-

ped plant and starting on a larger scale

than might otherwise seem advisable I

would say that I believe in profiting by

another man’s experience and even, in

certain cases, in buying it, providing I

can get it “delivered." But I think it a

doubtful investment to buy another man's

poultry plant and business. There are. a

number of reasons for this. one of which

is that a poultry plant for sale is usually

a “failure.” This, I think, is particularly

true in this business, and another man’s

failure is usually a poor investment, even

when bought cheap. W. J. C.





 





MEETING THE BEES’ WANTS DURING

A BACKWARD SPRING.





 





It has always paid me to know the ex-

a'ct condition of every colony at all times

of the year. So far this has been a cold

spring and the wise apiarist will do all

he can to keep the bees warm; contract





the neglect to fully and carefully supply

it. The reasons for providing water are,

first, to avoid thirst; second, when al-

lowed to forage away from the apiar‘y

they obtain, oftentimes, that which is

impure and of so low a temperature that

it is injurious. To avoid this, place a

few wooden pails or dishes filled with

warm water at convenient places in the

bee yard, putting in a few wooden floats

that the bees may be enabled to keep a

more or less secure footing, Avoid tin

or glass dishes, as the slippery sides will

bring about the destruction of many a

bee's life.





 





BOYHOOD





AND





ALCOHOL





There are some things too

awful to contemplate—one.

is the giving of alcohol in the





guise of medicine to boys.

We believe





Scott’s Emulsion





is the only preparation of

Cod Liver Oil that contains

absolutely no alcohol, drug

or harmful ingredient of

' any sort.





 





ALL DRUGGIBTC





KOZIEACH’EUBT

FURNITURE SPECIALTlES

Our KOZY- KUMFURT CHAIR will v

Please you. Prices are right.

We pay the freight. Catalog of





The T. C. Beach C0"

3' Walker St.. St. Johns. Michigan.





 





 





   

 





   





 





Big News For Incubator Buyers





Famous Belle City Incubator wins

' Tycoc” cup contact over machine.

coctin 2 to 5 time. more—making

it the cable World’ a Champion.

Order Now-from th to ad— to get in

champion clan quick. See below.





luau, PraB Ciu Incubator Co.

8 .55' Buy. Best

14o-l-zgg Incubator





8811- Int

Beat t“mull-chick ho‘tpwnter Lil-0011113,

Both ordered l'together

p.111 (c. d





 





 

 

 

 





m museum

.3“ Write for book "giddy

or send price now and save time.





Warm 81:11





1 40 too 1110113111011

and no CHICK BROODER

The incubatoris Both$



smears For 1 o

with asbestos and galvanized





f Freight Paid



‘ East of iron; has triple walls copper fink;



the Rockies u11r51r{;lt1,g tester. thermometer, mad]

3





to use. 30 Days T —- money back

if not. 0. K. W rite for F rec Catalog today.

ironclad Incubator 60., Deal. 65 HacineMls.





 

 





 





 

 





 

 

 





 

 





 





HOW TO MAKE THENI PAY



'lhc plea-111m the work and the



profits of lwo keeping are fully cover-



ed in “Gleanings m Bee Culturi. ' 6 months trial sub-



ccriptlou" J) or tit-1.6 eWrite [01 book on Bees and tree

sataloguo—both



THE A. I. ROO’If‘ rCOMPANY, Box 54. Medina. Ohio.





(27) 459





B‘BY REDS—Standard Bred at $15 per 100; $9 perfi



$5 per 2’!) Show qualit, rose or sin lo

comb, eg 100 each. Other pens It. . at 1:81. 75 per

Show qua ity Bed turkevs. eggs 50c ouch. My Reds are

guaranteed laym Sn 6 arrival guaranteed. Order

now of W T. FRENCH, Ludiugton, Mithigan.





 





. WA NT E Di? "“2; ti‘g‘l i’.’ “Mobil?





)0

J.'J.:BENJAMIN. 7 Pleasant gt. Worcester. Mass.





BUFF ORPINGTons-mos':mating. :53:

80 each. Eggs from 100 prize breeders 1119

catalogue tree. J. WILLARD, Linden. Michigan.





Indian Runner Ducks, §é§°§$3hgs$3k§i8$k





the very best. J. Gordon Drake, Port Huron Mich

of the famous





BARRED ROCK COCKEREI. B 1 u. 3..





Strain. which has just won first prize at. Chicago.

From $2t0$15. Lake Ridge Farm Levering, Mich.





THOROUGHBRED S. C. Brown Le horn and R. 0.

Beds Eggs Sl er 1.3or g per ). From prize

winning stock. [Brutnm Bream fonshville, Mich.





S BLACK MINORCA EGGS— —La§:$3 lar or white

0 ' eggs and lots of them. $1 for 5' >0; $5

for 100. E. A. BLACK. No 6. Lakeview, 553liriicrhigarl.





—l{ose or single comb cock-

White leqllm‘lls erels. llgose 001111me $1 to $2

per 15. Ba) Graham. It. F. Int Mich.





Eggs from S. c.1111. Loihomsfi85‘33ffif'fi‘i‘u





per 100. PETER SMALLIG Fremont. Michigan





LlLLlE FARHSTEAD POULTRY





B. P. Rocks. R. I. Reds. W. Wyandottes and 8. O

Leghorn eggs for sale, 15 for $1; or $1.50; ’30 fwor

82. >0. OLUN O. LILLIE, Coopersville, Mich.





HOtROUGHBRED S. 0. BROWN LEGHORN Eggs

8.100 8e!- rib or $5.00 per 100. Stock all so

LEWaIS T. O PENLANDERJI ..No 4. Lansing, Mich





G98; EGGS: EGGS—White & Bun“ Or ington.

)Nhite & Barred Rocks, Black & W hite inorcas,

White & Bull" Leghorns. Rose& Single Comb Reds‘

Hondnus &White Crested Blk Polish. H. H K1ng.Willis, Mich





EGGMAKE





pet-100. WM J. C





Eggs





Strain 9808. C. Brown Legion

E63 [fir 15; $1.48 per 30: $3.98

PER. t Pleasant. Michigan.





-Light Brahma. White Wyandotte 11nd Barred

Rocks. 31 a setting“ for two settings

BISHOP. Route 38 ake Odessa. Mu 1112.111





 





—Kulps 242 9 strain. riz »

"I 0 Brown ugh”? sinners. {(1551 range. sfilerlt

eggs $1. 00 15'. $3 00 50 S. HENSEL, Basil. Ohio.





 





ll. 0. B. Leghorn Bockerelsj’figlg .2“f§i”.‘.. 3%?“ £12.21

in season. .WAITE Gobleville. 311('lllg..lll

S. C. 3. MINOR“ ‘-‘j1’°“l‘.$if’.'i1..Pl3.'1'i liliifi"-“3‘§1





1111

per setting of 1."). It. “.‘b‘lILLS Sal: 11o. Mu 1111;.111





 





 





SINGLE Comb Brown Leghorns—One of l‘ll(' 'l.'11g1u s

lur est; breeders of the Bros 11 882111!) N 121111111:

at the eadingshous. Hen-l lor (' otzilog w1thp11u-«ziuil

photos of my birds Box 324 D (‘lmrlov Ruff \l 1 :11: MM l1



0. and R G. lihode Island





FOR SAL Red F s l.') for $1.00; 50 for





$2.75: 100 for $3. BUELL BR‘ .. Ann Arbor. Mich.





 





ILVER. GOLDEN and WHITE WYANDOTTES 100

White cockerels at $2 and 9 each. New circular.

after January 15th. C. W. Browning. Portland. Mich.





S c R I REDS_iEggfi ’11‘ each any num

L. D. Armstrong, SunnySpri11159Fargregtalilghflilfdll.

WHITE WYlNUOTlE "53373“..f.'€du'."..£i'.‘:‘fl'.l.. l.'.‘fi

01133. A. FRANKLIN SMITI. Ann Arbor, hilt-.11

White Wyandolle {311.817 fl'iola‘rtllzlr; 1K? fifhosrlnbi

per 15 or $3 per 101') W AT ERBUBY t‘larkstou M11 11.

Wycltoll and Blanchard moss: 3' 19.3".





5aised. Trap nested. he'i\'\ “inter lutrs. Eggs 1005.“

1033. 1551. F. E. BOS’I‘EDOH. Eaton Rapids. Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





DOGS.



TRA'NEDfn foxhounds and hoXlnd puff]: for thntIing

and coon us. so ' les.



2- cent; stamp. W'. E. LECKY. Holmesville. %h(l:e



YOU WRITE W. J. ROSS. Rochester Michigan.





for those beautiful sable and white Collie Pu

of the finest breeding. and from stock workers ppiea





 





 





 





 





 





MENTION f3; flicggfiafigggsgruuhen writap





‘YIZat'li





REPEA TING RIFLE





You can buy no better gun

for target work and all

small game up to





200 yards.





gases from being





 





Inasmuch as dampness within the hive

is greatly detrimental to the comfort and

welfare of the bees, particular care should

be taken that the hive covers are water-

proof. A shade-board. well weighted

down. will keep the hive nice and dry.

And this moves me to say that a shade

board is an indispensable article in every

well—regulated apiary. It is also import-

ant that hives be firmly and squarely

fastened to a base support elevated some

six or eight inches from the damp, cold

earth. A free air space beneath is pre-

ferable for evident reasons. If you can

find the time, level up the apiary, mark—

ing out the paths. etc. This work pays

in more ways than one, and should not

long be neglected. Arrangements for the

season now opening should be completed:

have everything in readiness so that no

time may be lost when time becomes

valuable. F. G. H.





 





will help you decide what rif

Send 3 stamp; for it today.





 





11p pea.





 





F O R S AL E 2i. .iiifnufirihiiécglbi’éhmd'ffi‘ig





CHARLES A. BEAHI‘TY Milford, Mich





Model

20





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Without

change of

mechanism it

handles .22 short,

long or long-rifle cartridges

perfectly. The deep Ballard





titling develops maximum power and

accuracy and aclds years to the life of rifles.





The sohd top is protection from defective cartridgcsr-prcvcnb powder and





lawn back The side ejection never lets ejected shells





oil your head and allows quick, accurate re l shots. Willi ample inhe-

own construction, removable acnon para - m of any 22—1111 the

qmckcst and easiest to clean. A great vacation unfla- Ask any gun dealer.





The 136 page ”an/in catalog .

1. fie WI] firearm Q





but suits yourindividnl desires.





127 Willow Street New Haven. Conn.





 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





M...”





Sections Foundation. Bee Veils, Smokers. A co

for immediate shipment. Hrotectiou H11 es. 40- pag





 





 





 





 





 





 





ODMA AN CO.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





‘ E

mplete line of supplies for bee keepers. ready

0 catalog, free. Bees Wax antcd.





Grand Rapids. Mich.





 





-





   





Bee Supplies and





We can save you freight' expense.





 





Hives, Sections, Comb Foundation Smokers, etc Berry Baskels&0rates.





: Send for catalog. Will quote low prices on large quantities.





M. ii. HUNT 8 SON, 110 Condit St., Lansing, Mich.





Berry Baskets.





and make prompt shipments.
458 (26).





$1.00

2.00





One Year (52 copies) . .

Two Years (104 copies) - .





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.‘





VALUABLE PHEMIUMS WE GIVE FREE.





The premiums described and illustrated below are given free with our regular subscription offers. . They are all sent postpaid

but must be requested when sending your order, otherwise will not be sent.





REMIT AT THESE PRICES T0 SECURE;PREMIUMS:





Three Years (156 copies)

Five Years (204 copies)





. 2.75 .





APRIL 15, 1911. I





20 to 40





$2.00 E

' PAGES WEEKLY





GET UP A GLUB Of Two 0“ MORE—We give extra premiums for a club of two or more Michigan Farmer subscriptions





as explained after each premium. You can secure as many of the premiums as you can secure subscriptions for and remember





each subscriber you secure also gets a premiwm as below if requested in your order.





request Send all orders to





We send you free . sample copies on





THE MICHIGAN FARMER, Detroit, Michigan.





 





 





Easy Opener Knife.—Made of finest English caststeel, hardened and tempered.

a. knife of superior quality throughout. This knife is guaranteed to give satisfaction if properly used.





for 75 cents. \Ve give it free with the Michigan Farmer for 1, 2, 3 or 5 years.

(1, 2, 3 or 5 years). Always mention Premium No. 205.





 





Ebony handle, brass lined, in fact,

Retails ordinarily





Also free for a club of two subscriptions,





 





Farmer’s Knife.—»This knife has same quality of material as the Easy Opener but does not have that feature as some





prefer not to have it. \\'e give it free with the Michigan Farmer for 1, 2, 3 or 5





subscriptions, (1, 2, 3 or 5 years). Always mention Premium No. 207





VALLEYFORGI





years. Also free for a club of two





 





Leather Punch Knife—An excellent knife and a handy tool combined

tage in repairing harness. '

use one. We give it free with the Michigan Farmer 1, 2, 3 or 5 years.

or 5 years. Always mention Premium No. 208.





final; aimi‘





aals

SIHJ.

*0 usm"





\‘





Hill" lSiTlfllI ‘

snadavns;





 





“PRESTO” The “ALL-IN-ONE” RAZOR STROP





This strop is_made from the finest horse-hide leather, tanned by special proc-

esses, then chemically treated with “all-in-one” solution. This preparation is so

thoroughly incorporated in the leather that it is guaranteed not to peel, wear,

scrape or wash off.



Any man can strop a razor with as keen an edge as can the most expert barber.

A few strokes on the sharpening side, followed by a like number on the finishing

side does the trick. The lot we have purchased are “Extra. Strong” and it re-

quires but littlestropping to bring a deadly dull blade to a. hair splitting edge.

Free With the Michigan Farmer 1, 2, 3 or 5 years. Also free for a club of two

subscriptions, (1, 2, 3 or 5 years). Mention Premium No. 211.





Patent Tension Shears





Good quality of material, 8 inches

with patent adjustable spring ten-

sion bolt, preventing the blades

from spreading and giving a. clean

cut the full length. We have sent

out thousands of these with excel-

_ lent reports from users, and they



have been one of our most popular

' premiums. Free with the Mich-

igan Farmer 1, 2, 3 or 5 years.

Also free for a club of two sub-

scriptions, (1. 2, 3 or 5 years).

Mention Premium No. 159.





The Illustrious Career and

Heroic Deeds of





Bill. RODSEVELT





Containing a full account of his stren-

uous career; his early life; his adven-

tures on a ranch; as a leader of the

Rough Riders; President of our great

country and his





Famous Adventures in

the Wilds of Africa.





Handsomely bound in cloth, 400

pages, size 7x9 inchés. Profusely il-

lustrated and well printed on high-

grade book paper. Regular price

would be $1.50. We give it with the

Michigan Farmer for 5 'years at $2.75.

Also free for three subscriptions, (1,

2, 3 or 5 years. Always mention

Premium No.‘ 203.





 





 





 





 





years).





. . The punch blade can be used to good advan-

The knife 18 made out of the same quality of material as the others and every farmer could





Also free for a club of two subscriptions, (1, 2, 3





 





. ..., 1



Not a cheap razor such as is generally

used as a premium. It is made of best

steel, black handle, hollow ground 5/.g—in.

concave blade; honed and stropped ready

for use. We give it free with the Mich-

igan Farmer for 1, 2, 3 or 5 years. Also

free for a club of two subscriptions, (1,

2,.3 or 5 years). Always mention Pre-

mium No. 210.





 





Bill Fold and Coin

Purse. Cowhide leath-

er, stitched through-

out. One pocket for





coins, and separate

fold for bills. Size 2%

x315. Button fasten-





 





ers. A strong, aub-

stantlal purse that will

outwear a half dozen of the ordinary

kind. Free with the Michigan Farmer

1, 2, 3 or 5 years. Also free for a club of

two subscriptions, (1, 2, 3 or 5 years).

Mention Premium N0. 102.





 





Farmer's Calculator,





Veterinary Adviser,

and Farm Record.

Veterinary a d v i c 6





alone makes this book

01‘ in-calculalble value

to every farmer. In

addition there are

hundreds of tables of

weights, measures, in-

terestl, dimensions,

etc., and a very com-

piete farm record.

Pocket size. 3%X617é

Free with the Michi-

igan Farmer 1. 2, 3 or

Also free for a club of two sub-

Mention





 





5 years.

scriptions, (1, 2, 3 or 5 years).

Premium N0. 127.





 





 





Lock Stit’ch Sewing Awi, with straight

and curved needles. Makes a. lock stitch

‘with one thread and one operation. For

harness, sacks, canvas or any heavy sew-

mg. Regular price of this awl is 31.00 in

most stores. Free with the Michigan

Farmer 1, 2, 3 or 5_years. Also free for

a club of two subscriptions, (1, 2. 3 or 5



Mention Premium No. 123.





 





 





Michigan" Farmer’s club list.





For the benefit and convenience oi our sub—

scribers we have arranged the following list of

papers on which we can save them money.



esides the money. they save the trouble and

expense of sending each order separately.



EXPLANATION—The first column is the reg-

ular subscription price of the other papers. The

second column gives our price for I year's sub-

scription to both the other paper and Michigan

Farmer. The third column gives the price at which

the other paper may be added when three or more

are ordered. Example: We will send the Michigan

Farmer and Detroit Semi-Weekly Journal for 01.60.

It. for instance. McCall’s Magazine also is wanted

add it at 40c making total 32.00. Any number of

papers may be added at third column price It they

are for a subscriber to the Michigan Farmer.



If you want the MICHIGAN FARMER THREE

YEARS and the other pa en one year add 1.00 to

the second column price. or the Michigan Farmer

5 years add $1.75. We do not send samples of other

papers. Address the publishers direct.



Send all orders to the Michigan Farmer 01'

through our agents.



We will take your order for any publication you

want whether 1i sled or not. Write for rates.



NOTE.—So long as a subscriber is on our list for

one or more years he may order at any time any

publication at third column price. So that a three or

five-y ear subscriber does not lose the advantage of

the reduced price if he wants any other paper next

year or the year after.



Subscriptions ordered to Canada require

postage. Write for rates unless postage is known.

in that case include with order. Postage on Mich-

igan Farmer alone to Canada is 1 cent per week.





 





NAME OF PUBLICATION.





 





tion above.





 





   

 





Daily. (6 a Week.) 3 8

Journal. Detroit. Mich on rural route 2 60 8 50 2 55



n u 0“ u u 5 00 5 25 4 75

Times. Detroit ....................................... 2 00 2 75 1' 75

News Grand Rapids. Mlch............... 2 00 2 25 1 50

Courier-Herald. Saginaw. Mich.. (inc.



Sunday) on R. R ..... .. 50 2 5s 1 do

News. Cleveland, Ohio.. 2 00 2 85 1 35

Tribune. Bay City. Mich. 2 00 2 75 1 85

News-Bee. Toledo. Ohio... 00 2 50 1 e5



I‘m-Weekly. (3 a Week.)

World. New York. (8 a week)............. 1 00 l 70 75



Semi-Weekly. (9 a Week.)



Journal, Detroit, Mich................... . 1 00 1 80 75

Weekly Newspaper: and Current comment

Blade, Toledo, Ohio ............................. 1 oo 1 so 35

Commoner, Wm J. Bryan, Editor.



Lincoln. Neb ...r... 1 001 so 35



Inter Ocean, Chicago (w) ..................... 1 00 1 35 75





Cattle. Sheep Swine. Poultry,etc.





American Poultry Journal.Chlcago(m) 50 30 35

American Poultry Advocate, Syracuse.



_ . (m) ........................................ so 30 35

American Sheep Breeder. Chicago (131) 1 00 75 80

American Swineherd. Chicago, (m).... 50 30 35

Breeders’ Gazette. Chicago. (w) ........... 1 75 go 1 00

Farm Poultry Boston, M ass. (s-m) ...... 50 30 35





Glenningl in Bee Culture. Medina, 0.





(s-m) ................................................ 1 00 7o 75

Board’s Dairyman. Fort Atkinson.



Wis. w) ........................................ 1

Home World, Buffalo. N. Y. (w) ......... 2 oo 25 1 50

Horseman, Chicago, (m) ...................... 2 00 55 1 60

Jersey Bulletin, Indianapolis. Ind. (w) 1 oo 85 1 (,0

Kimball‘a Dairy Farmer. Waterloo,



19.. (s-m) .......................................... 40 30 3')

Poultry Keeper. Quincy. Ill. (m) ........ 50 30 35





Poultry Success, Springfield, 0. (m)... . 50

Reliable Poultry Journal.Quincy.Ill.(m 50

Swine Breedres’ Journal, Indianapolis.



Ind. (s-m) ....................................... 50





Popular Magazines.





v-n-‘r—H #10er H i-Ip-u-nHH v--

Q .

O

,_.

O

O





)4

63

O

as

a!





American Magazine. (in). ..................... 1 00 1 95 95

Etude, Philadelphia, Pa. (in) ............... 1 50 l 95 1 00

Hampton’s Magazine. N. Y. (m).... .. . 1 50 2 00 1 10

Metropolitan Magazine, N. Y. 1 50 2 00 l 00





(m).....

Mechanical Digest Grand. Rapids (m) 60 l 15 25

McClures, Magazine, N. Y. (m) 1

Musician. Boston, Mass. (m).........,_,_ 1 5o 2 05

Outing Magazine. N. Y. (m ................. 3

People's Home Journal, N. Y. (m) ...... 50 1 25

Pearson’s Magazine. New York (m)..... 1 50 1 75





a:



a:



O

...... mini-



o



0





Red Book Magazine, Chicago. Ill. (m) 1 50 2 30 25



Success, N. Y. (m) .............................. 1 00 1 75 so

Ladies’ or Household.



Designer. N. Y. (m) .............................. 75 1 55 so



Everyday Housekeeping. Salem.



Mass. (m) ......................................... 50 1 40 35

Harper’s Bazar. N. Y. (in) ................... 1 00 1 75 1 00

Housewife. N. Y. (m ........................... 35 1 25 30

McCall’s Magazine. N. Y. m ............... 50 1 35 40

Mother’s Mag. Elgin. Ill. (m) .............. 50 1 35 50

Modern Prescills, Boston, Mass (m)...... 75 1 55 60

Pictorial Review N. Y. (m) ................. 1 00 1 75 so

Woman’s Home Com panion. N. Y. 1 50 2 05 1 25



Religious and Juvenile.

American Boy, Detroit. Mich. (m)... 1 00 1 85 75

Little Folks, Salem. Mass. (in) ............ 1 00 1 75 1 00

Sunday School Times. Philadelphia,



Pa. (w) ............................................. 1 oo 1 80 85

Young People’s Weekly, Elgin, Ill. (w) 75 1 45 75





 





 





 





(w—weekly; m—monthly: s-m—seml-monthiy.)





FREE PREMIUMS.



Those subscribing for the Michigan

Farmer in combination with other papers

are allowed premiums just the same as

if the order was for the Michigan Farmer

alone. One premium only for every

Michigan Farmer order. Orders for other

papers alone will receive no premium

under any circumstances.





Don’t fall to notice our

offer to new subscribers on

another page.





 





 





See expiana- .





 





51b,
v.5,





 





 





 





 





POULTRYi-n BEES},





 





MONGRELS VS. 'PURE-BREDS.





 





Where there is one sensible reason ad-

vanced for keeping mongrel fowls there

are at least ten in favor of keeping pure-

breds. Men who are just entering the

business, and those who have long been

satisfied with mongreis, are frequently

misled by the oft-repeated statement

that “dunghiils” are the best layers. It

must be admitted that they lay more

eggs in the aggregate because of the fact

that there are more of them, and few

people are fair enough to condemn their

own acts eVen though they know they

are wrong. One reason “dunghills” are

so popular is that it is easy and cheap

to keep right on inbreeding, or, when the

need of change becomes very apparent,

to trade “dunghili” roosters for some of

the same kind from neighboring flocks.



I said there were ten reasons for keep-

ing pure-bred stock for every one in

favor of the “no breed" kind, although

I confess that I have never heard that

one lone good reason myself. Pure-bred

fowis, other things equal, are superior in

health and vitality, and a healthy fowl

will lay more eggs, or dress a better car-

cass, than a weak or sickly one. They

are uniform, consequently make a more

pleasing appearance dressed. There is

always a better demand for this class of

poultry, but usually you do not have to

dress many of them, for I have often no-

ticed the inconsistency of these aforesaid

“dunghiil” advocates. Let some neighbor

invest a few dollars in a flock of well-

bred fowls and these same scoffers at

“good breeding" will soon be around with

a proposition to trade some of their

“dunghills” or to buy some of the pure-

breds at market prices.



Let me say right here that a well-bred,

well kept flock will make its own reputa-

tion in a short time. It is





:THE MICHIGAN FARMER’.





the entrances and try to have some kind

of a windbreak, even if it is no more

than a loose board leaned against the

windward side of the hive. Feed each

colony a little warm, thin syrup. Leave

the feeders under the hives all summer,

as they are not in the way, and when

from any cause the bees cannot get hon-

ey from the flowers, you can easily give

them a little syrup, thus often saving

their brood. Food given judiciously is of

immense value, for without it many bee-

keepers have empty instead of full su—

pers. Food in some form may be re-

quired in the spring to help on a colony

to its full strength in readiness for the

honey flow; it is none the less needful

during the summer, when, through a

continuance of unfavorable weather, loss

is otherwise inevitable. There must, how-

ever, be a difference in the consistency

in the spring and autumn syrups. The

reason for this difference is that in spring

the bees leave the hive for water with

which to thin the food they, in their

capacity of nurse bees, prepare for the

queen and grubs. When syrup is given

containing a good proportion of water

these journeys are rendered unnecessary,

while in the autumn, unless syrup about

the consistency of honey is supplied, the

bees will have considerable trouble in

getting rid of the superfluous moisture in

order to seal it over; and, if they could

do this, the syrup remaining exposed

might and probably would ferment' and

cause dysentery.



At this season many bee—keepers en-

tirely overlook the importance of bring-

ing water into the apiary but allow the

bee to search for it as best she can, and

usually at a great loss to the colony, es-

pecially during the warm days in early

spring. Like the farm or dairy, it is a

close attention to small items that pays

best, and negligence in the apiary is just

as prolific of losses as in any other in-

dustry. Many of us do not consider the

important uses to which water is applied‘

in the apiary, or the losses resulting from





 





 





surprising how soon poultry

farmers in any neighborhood

learn of the introduction of .L

pure-bred flock, and its owner

will in time be able to dispose

of enough of his stock, to be

used in the improvement of

ordinary farm flocks, to more

than repay his original in-

vestment for “blood." The

surplus will never be worth

any the less in the markets

because of the fact that they

are pure-breds.



Another thing: We have,

or ought to have, a pride in

our flock, and with this pride

comes that better attention

to details which is so neces—

sary in this business. I‘Vhile'

not all are qualified for the

_ “fancy" poultry business,

strict attention to breeding a

little better fowl each year

may open up fields not even

dreamed of at the start.





 





BOYHOOD





AND





ALCOHOL





There are some thingstoo

awful to contemplate—one.

is the giving of alcohol in the

guise of medicine to boys.



We believe





Scott’s Emulsion





is the only preparation of

Cod Liver Oil that contains

absolutely no alcohol, drug

or harmful ingredient of

' any sort.





 





ALL DRUGOICT‘





FURNITURE SPECIALTIES

Our KOZY- KUMFURT CHAIR will

please you. Prices are right.

We pay the freight. Catalog of





The T. C. Beach C0"

3' Walker St.. St. Johns, Michigan.





 





 





   

 





   

 





 





Big News For Incubator Buyers





Famous Belle City Incubator win.

' Tycoo” cup content over machine:

cootin 2 to 5 time: more—making

it the oublo World’ a Champion.

Order Now—from thin ad-to get in

champion class quick. See below.





.Pra. B [Cucubotor Co.

.55' Boys Boot

Mil-Egg Incubator





Donbloouoeuon more]? ,oobest

se - unripe, .

Ben mid-chick hat-wave: Email:

ordered soggethzr‘





   

 

 





 





 

   

 





better. “Mon

M Write for book a,

or send prioenow and save time.





maul-«mm. 30314





 





Isa-o. Wino-b





 





1 4o EGG INCUBIITOII





 





 





 





“Getting in" wrong, or

starting on too large a scale,

is the cause of most of the

“wrecks" in this business. It

is better to start moderately and build up

carefully and safely. The equipment

should be such as will insure comfort and

convenience, but any extra expenditure

over and above this should 30' into the

flock itself. Some contend that appear-

ance counts for more than anything else.

It does .count, but not to the degree

imagined. I believe that it counts a whole

lot less than quality in the stock, for this

is the lasting test of the stability of your

business. Prices cut a mighty big figure

with most buyers, too.



Regarding the buying of a fully equip-

ped plant and starting on a larger scale

than might otherwise seem advisable I

would say that I believe in profiting by

another man's experience and even, in

certain cases, in buying it, providing I

can get it “delivered." But I think it a

doubtful investment to buy another man's

poultry plant and business. There are a

number of reasons for this, one of which

is that a poultry plant for sale is usually

a “failure." This, I think, is particularly

true in this business, and another man’s

failure is usually a poor investment, even

when bought cheap. W. J. C.

MEETING THE BEES’ WANTS DURING



A BACKWARO SPRING.





 





It has always paid me to know the ex-

a‘ct condition of every colony at all times

of the year. So far this has been a cold

spring and the wise apiarist will do all

he can to keep the bees warm; contract





 





Brown Leghorn Cock, a State Fair Prize Winner.

From the Flock of Chas. Ruff, of St. Clair Co.





the neglect to fully and carefully supply

it. The reasons for providing water are.

first, to avoid thirst; second, when al-

lowed to forage away from the apiary

they obtain, oftentimes, that which is

impure and of so low a temperature that

it is injurious. To avoid this, place a

few wooden pails or dishes filled with

warm water at convenient places in the

bee yard, putting in a few wooden floats

that the bees may be enabled to keep a

more or less secure footing. Avoid tin

or glaSS dishes, as the slippery sides will

bring about the destruction of many a

bee’s life.



Inasmuch as dampness within the hive

is greatly detrimental to the comfort and

welfare of the bees, particular care should

be taken that the hive covers are water-

proof. A shade-board. well weighted

down. will keep the hive nice and dry.

And this moves me to say that a shade

board is an indispensable article in every

well—regulated apiary. It is also import.-

ant that hives be firmly and squarely

fastened to a base support elevated some

six or eight inches from the damp, cold

earth. A free air space beneath is pre-

ferable for evident reasons. If you can

find the time, level up the apiary, mark-

ing out the paths, etc. This work pays

in more ways than one, and should not

long be neglected. Arrangements for the

season now opening should be completed:

have everything in readiness so that no

time may be lost when time becomes

valuable. F. G. H.





and 140 CHICK BROODER

gigging: gig- s 1 o





',- covered



5 Frgcighto Paid with asbestosaiid galvanized



‘ 1; iron; has triple walls copper link;

“‘8 ROCkleB uni-Sir ; tgg tester. thermometer, ready





r to use. 30 Days’ Tr al — money hack

|





 





 

 





 

 

 





 

 





'f not. I). K W rite for I‘ r00 Catalog today.

Ironclad Incubator 00.. Dept. 65 fiacineMls.





 





~WAX





(27) 459





Bl“ REDS—Standard Bred at 31:. per 100 $8 per 50





$5 per ‘25. Show qualit .1036 or sin le

comb. e lilceach. Other pensR at..5175Reper

Show qua. alt) Bed turkevs. eggs 50c each. My Redsare

guaranteed] arm Safe arrival guaranteed. Order

now of . T. FRENCH, Ludiugton, Michigan.





 





NT ED'T" "it; “if. if. tiring?





J.'J.:BENJAMIN. Il’loasuiit t. Worcester. Mass.





BUFF ORPINGTONYlaiifi'i‘.“$1339. £35:

80. each. Eggs from “100 prize breedersl5t Fine

catalogue free. J. 'IL LLABD, Linden, Mitliigan.





Black Lau Imus—Book

Indian Runner Ducks, egg md.9.§“now Stock

the very best J. Gordon Drake. Port. Huron Mich

of the famous





BARRED ROCK COCKEREL B 1 u. 9.11





Strain. which has just. non first; prize at Chicago.

From $2 to $15. Lake Ridge Farm, Leiering, Mich





THOROUGHBRED S. C. Brown Leghorn and [1.0.

I Reds Eggs $1 or 151w $5 per Froui prize

winning stock.:Br11mm ros. R. No.5 Nashville,Mich.





S BLACK MINORCA EGGS—~La urge white

' . eg (:33 and lots of them. 51 for 1; $3 or 50; $5

for 100. EA ”BLACK .No. 6 Lakeview Michigan.





~Rose or single comb cock-

Whfle LCQIIOI'IIS erels.ltoseCor1ubFe?gs $1 to $2

per 15. Bay Graham II. F. D. No. t Mich





Eggs from S. 6. While Leghomsigl‘fl‘figlf’i‘iirg‘o‘o





per 100 PETER SMALLIGA Fremont Michigan





LILLIE FARNSTEAD POULTRY





B. P. Rocks, R. I. Reds. W. W\ andottes and S. O.

Lc'goiioru cage for sale, 15 for $1; 26 for $150; 50 [Wot

82 OLUN O. LILLIE,Cooper11vilIe, Mich.





HOROUGHBRED 8. BROWN LEGHORN Eggs

at 8 .00 get 15 or $5. 00 per 100. Stock all

”LEWIS ’1‘. O PENLANDER. R. No. 4 Lansing, Mich





668: EGGS. EGGS—“’hite a: Bull OrPington.

WhiteB II; Barred Rocks, Black & White II morons,

White &B fi’.Leghorns Rose & Single Comb Kede‘

Houdoul 4!: White Crested Blk Polish. H. H. King. Willis. Mich.





EGGMAKE Strain 9808.0 Br rown Leg].





E311 931' L5 $1.48per30 033.911.

per100. WM. J. 0 PER. t. Pleasant Michigan

E s-Lightz Brahma. White Wgandotto and Barred

ng Rocks. $1 a setting: $1.00 " for two settings

BISHOP. Route 3‘I eke Odessa. Michigan.





 





 





 





-Kulps 242 e strai ri

"I 0- Brown Leghorns winners. fag: rang;l “gleIz‘l:

eggs $1.00 15; $3.00 50. S. W HENSEL. Basil Ohio.





 





——K 1 iv .1

II. c. II. Leghorn Bockerels .113“? 1255??” £11.” 1'32...

in season. C. II'. W‘AI'IE Goblevillo Mirhlgun





 





s. 1:. ll. IiIll0linis—°°"l::::;‘i..,";:,'.':t3,;;'"3:;':.





1111

per setting of 1.5. It. VI'.‘iIILI.S.Hal11w Miiliigun





 





SINGLE Comb Brown Longhorns—One of Mir- 'g'higin 11





largest breeders of the Brown Beautx' H 1111111111:

at the eadingshous. Send lor catalog with [Ni ii .‘iDll

photos of in] birds Box 3‘24 D ('liurloq Ruff M. l'. ' 11:. Mi: l1.





 





O. and R 0. Rhode Island

15 {or $1.00; 5’) for

Ann Arbor. Mich.





FOR SAL





—RPII F

3275-1111511: 35 BUELL and?





 





ILVER, GOLDEN and WHITE I‘I'YANDOTTEB 100

White cockerels at. $2 and 9 each. New circular.

after January 15th. C. W. Browning. Portland. Mich.





S. C. R. I. REDS-52“? 3.23333h'133’13

L. D Armstrong. SunnySpring Farm. Stanton Mich

WHlIE WYANBQTTE flarifilullifilt‘dullllzllilifxf‘ll.i\s 3.11:3

pays. A. FRANKLIIN SMITH. Ann Arbor. Mich.





1111! S.C.\Ih1ix Le b

White wyandoue W )(0fi.l\100r0 sir 11115 033150

per 15 or $5 per 100. W A'l ERBURY. Clarkston Mil h.





 





 





 





 





Wyckoii and Blanchar 2.2.5.3.: SIT-.31.

fiziised. Trap nested l'lPilI\ “’ilnI/Pl‘lHt‘I‘S Eggs lililfk’





r033. 15 $1. F. E. BUSTEDIHI Eaton Rapids. Mltll





 





DOGS.





 





HOW TO MAKE THEM PAY

The pleasures. thi work and the





E E E profit-lot" In. keeping are. fully (over-





ed in “Gleanings Ill. Bee Gillan-136 mouths trial sub-





TRAINEDt foxhonnds and bound pups for hunting

fox and cocoa. Also coliies Int-lose

2- cent stamp. IV. E.





LECKY. Ho! mesville. Oh io.





 





cc riptiou" .5 (”“er Write tor hook on Bees and free





satalogue—bot tt'h

'I‘HEA I. ROOT rCIMIPANY, B01151. Medina. Ohio.





YOU W RITE W. J. ROSS. Rochester Michigan.

for those beautiful sable and white Collie Puppies.





of the finest breeding. and from stock workers.





 





 





MENTloN l5; alcgtiiafdsgiiilseei-Jh” writ-





‘YIlat'li





REPEA TING RIFLE





You can buy no better gun

for target work and all '

small game up to





200 yards.





use: from in;





330“ your head I





best suits yourindivid

Send 3 stamp: for it today.





P11 [1 p074.





own construction. removable action para, ‘

quickest and easiest to clean.





“is 136 Date M catalog

will help you decide who! rifle

ul desires.





 

 





F O R S ALE £311iiiflfifihfilé0$a€éimolfiig





CHARLES A BEA’I‘,TY Milford, Mich





Model

20





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Without





change of

mechanism it

,-,-, ..... handles .22 short,





long or long-rifle cartridge:





perfectly. The deep Ballard





filling develops maximum power and





accuracy and adds years to the life of rifles.

'11.: wild top is protection i ran: defective candidacy—prevents powder and





lawn hack. Th ti lets led shells

nd allows quick. “21:11.35: Fags“ Withqzziple take-

“IE” of any .22--ii u the

Ask any gun de-ler.





fie M}: firearm Q





127 Willow Street Now Haven. Conn.





A great vacation n





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Isl/“ll





Sections. Foundation. Bee Veils, Smokers.

for immediate shipment.





A. G. WOODMAN CO.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





E S





 





 





 





‘

I





A complete line of supplies for bee kee er read

Hrotection Hi\ es. 10- page catalog. free. e3. ‘ y





Been Wax Want.





Grand Rapids, Mich.





 





 





 





4—" Bee Supplies and

E Hives, Sections Comb Foundation, Smo





"'11... g “'0 can save you freight expense.

. l1“





1 Send for catalog. Will quote low pr

11- miliumuricm/





   





 





 





 





' M. II. HUNT 8 SON, 110 Condit St., Lansing, Mich.





Berry Baskets.





kers, etc. Berry Basket: 81. crates.





and make prompt shipments.

lees on large quantities
460 (281'





. .

YYYVVYYYVVYYYYVV‘IYYVVV





HORTiCULTUREi





LAYING OUT THE ORCHARD—II.





 





 





 





 





In a previous article we discussed sev-

eral orchard plans, or methods of arrang-

ing the trees in the orchard. \Ve now

Wish to briefly discuss methods of mark-

ing out the orchard and setting the trees.



About the first operation in marking out

an orchard of any considerable size is to

run a row of stakes entirely around the

orchard at the distance apart the rows

are to be, as shown by the accompanying

diagram. The distance the border rows

are to be from the fence, if there be one,

should also be determined. If the heavy

boundary lines on the diagram represents

the fence or boundary of the field the

diagram shows the first trees set as far

from this heundary as they are from each

other. If there is a fence this distance

should not be less than 25 feet for apple

trees so there will be plenty of rbom to

drive between the mature trees and the

fence. Two of these lines should be

“squared” so as to make a right angle

between them, as at (A). This can be

done with a square or by measuring from

(A) four feet along (AB) and three feet

along (AD) and these two points should

be five feet apart. Rods, or multiples of





the orchard at all after it is staked as

shown in the plan, for any tree in the

orchard, as (X), can be located by sight-

ing each way over two stakes. The

stakes are not disturbed in digging the





' holes and no planting board is needed as





the tree is set by sighting over two

stakes in each direction after the hole is

dug. This act of setting the tree or dig-

ging the hole, by sighting over two stakes

each way looks very simple and would

probably work out all right on a small

orchard with the rows quite a distance

apart, but we tried it last year in an

orchard of 1,800 trees 221/2x13 feet apart,

(including fillers), and it did not work

out well for the stakes lined in so many

ways and were so close together that one

could not tell which ones were at right

angles to each other and the sighting was

slow work and mistakes common. After

setting a few rows in this manner I

marked out the balance of the field with

a wheelbarrow, using the stakes set as

guides. be then set small stakes at the

intersection of the marks and used a.

planting board in setting. This was bet-

ter and more accurate, and I believe fast-

er, as one can mark out the ground mere

rapidly than he can sight the trees. ‘We

will add to the orchard set last spring

after this plan and will set the stakes as

before,

between them. For stakes procure com-

mon lath and set the bundles in a pail of





 





 





This 87-acre Grand Traverse Fruit





the number of feet given may be taken

and make the work more accurate.



If the rows are to be laid out with a

line the line or wire may now be stretched

across the field one way and the stakes

set along it the distance the trees are to

stand apart by sighting the other way,

or if desirable markers may be securely

fastened at the proper distance along the

wire to mark the position of the stakes,

care being taken in this case to get the

wire set right alcng the end, as in check

rowing corn, and to gct it of an even

tension on each row and the markers so

they will not slip. For a small orchard

stretching a line one way and sighting

tne other is a satisfactory method.



If the orchard is to be marked out with

a plow or marker the same method of

staking can be used about the outside

anti in addition I should run at least one

additional line in each direction across

the field nearly in the center, (or if two

are run one—third of the way from each

This is shown by (MG) and (HP)

in the illustration. These should come

between the rows of trees and not in

them, and need not be exactly Straight

but each stake on (HF) should be in line

with a stake on (AB) and (CD) it being

set by sighting between these two. Like-

wise the stakes on (EC) are each in line

with a stake on (AD) and (i=0). This

gives at least three stakes in each row

in each direction across the field, yet

none of them stand where trees are to be

set.



If the orchard is to be marked out with

the plow this may now be done, using the

stakes as guides. A careful driver with

a good team could make 'i'airly straight

rows by keeping in line at all times with

these stakes. It would be preferable to

mark shallow one way first, then plow

the other way so as to leave a dead fur-

row in the row to save digging. “'e have

never marked out an orchard with the

plow although some of our largest or-

chard-s have been set in this way. In

general, I believe that hand-digging will

be more accurate and satisfactory.



Unless the furrows are wanted it is not

presumed to be necessary to mark out





end).





 





 





Farm was Recently Sold for $12,500.





thick whitewash. When dry this end will

be white an can be easily seen. They can

be driven into plowed ground without

sharpening, and can be used or returned





after having served their purpose in

marking the orchard.

Orchards arranged on the triangular





or hexagonal plan can be set in the same

manner by keeping in mind that the dis—

tance between rows is measured at right

angles to the side or end of the field, and

‘not cornerways in the direction of great-

est width between rows. A hexagonal,

or triangular, orchard may also be set in

the following manner: Lay out very ac-

curately one row of trees along the side

of the orchard. Then take three rings

large enough to slip over the stakes used

and connect these with wire of conven-

icnt size, as shown in Fig. 2, so they will

be just as far apart as the trees are to

stand. See that this triangle is accu-

rately made and that the wires are se-

curely fastened to the rings, as any error

will be multiplied as the marking pro-

gresses. Three are needed to do the

work, two boys and a man will answer.

Each holds a ring, and two of the rings

are slipped over two of the stakes in the

first row, which brings the third ring at

the position of the first tree in the second

row when the wires are drawn taut. A

stake is set through this ring and the

triangle moved on to the next two stakes,

whence the third ring marks the position

of the second tree in the second row, and

so on until the staking is completed. We

have set an orchard quite accurately by

this method. It is very convenient on side

hills where sighting is difficult. .

After the orchard is staked the planting

board is very convenient to use in getting

the tree set where the stake was. It is

shown in Fig. 3. The planting board

should be of light wood, about six feet

long. Bore three holes large enough to

admit the stakes used, one near each end

and one in line with these in the center,

the last to be notched out at one side as

shown. The center notch is placed about

the stake marking the' position of the

tree and a stake set in the hole at each

end. After digging the hole the board is





using the wheelbarrow to mark '





 





 





THE. MICHIGAN FARMER.





replaced over the’ end stakes and the tree

set in the center notch.





Calhoun Co. .8. B. HARTMAN.





 





 





DOES IT PAY O SPRAY?



The farmer is becoming more of a busi-

ness man. He is getting the habit of in-

vestigating the cost of producing pro-

ducts, and making a special study of

markets and methods and expense of dis-

tribution. For this reason figures com-

piled by the Nebraska experiment sta-

tion, after a practical study extending‘

over a period of five years in 16 differenti

orchards, working under favorable and?

unfavorable conditions, meeting the prop-

osition as the big orchardist does in some

instances and again as the small owner

with hand pump and one horse, will be of

the utmost interest to those readers who

have caught that business spirit ‘

want to know just what they might ex-

pect to spend should they attempt to

protect their fruit trees and fruit against

insects and plant diseases. While Ne—

braska conditions may differ slightly from

ours, the extent of the operations both,

as to number of years and orchards

makes the figures dependable for this‘

state. .



Cost of Spraying.



Number of orchards sprayed, 16.



Total number of trees sprayed, 3,300.



Average age of trees, 18 years.



Average number of sprayings,

year, 4.



Average quantity of spray per tree each

year, 13 gallons.



Average quantity of spray per acre (50

trees), 0:30 gallons.



Average cost of spray material per 100

gallons, $0.87.



Average cost of applying spray per 100





 





and i





(





gallons, $0.98.

Average total cost of spraying per 100

gallons, $1.85.





Average annual cost of spray material

per tree, 11.3 cents.



Average annual cost of applying spray

per tree. 2.7 cents.



Average total annual

per trce, 24.0 cents.



Average total annual cost of spraying

per acre (50 trees), $12.00. ,



Results of Spraying.



Average annual yield and value per



acre (estimated on basis of 50 trees)—

Sprayed Trees.





cost of spraying





Marketable fruit ......... 220 bu. $114.40

Cuils and windfalls .. . . . .. 55 bu. 3.30

275 bu. $117.70,

Unsprayed Trees.

Marketable fruit ......... £90 bu. $36.00

Culls and windfalls ....... 85 bu. 4.25

175 bu. $41.15

Summary.



Difference between sprayed and un-

sprayed trees ................... '. .$76.55

Average cost of spraying ............ 12.00





Average net gain per acre (50 trees)



from spraying $0455



It will be seen that by the investment

of twelve dollars per acre there was

rcalizcd a profit amounting to 638 per

cent upon this money. For every twelve

dollars invested the investor received

over and above the returns from the

chcck plots $76.55; i. e., the amount com-

ing back into the hands of the investor

was $04.35 after paying for the spraying.

Did it pay?



ORNAMENTAL VALUE OF THE



HEDGE.



There is about the home

grounds that is more beautiful than a

well kept hedge of privet or Japanese

barberry. The hedge is more often placed

as a boundary of the grounds and in

straight lines, though this is not the only

place for it. it may be used to screen

some part of the grounds which are best





nothing





not left in plain view. Again, a low

hedge at the foot of a hill, following the

contour of the slope is an improvement





on the Old stone wall. It is also in good

taste as a broken line, either straight or

curved.



For a compact hedge without open

spaces in the lower part one must begin

right, and the only way is to prepare the

ground by plowing a trench which should

be well manured. then cut the small

plants back to within three inches of the

ground and set six inches apart. If a

wider base is wanted set a double row

eight inches apart with the plants a foot

apart in the rows, and so that the dis-

tance is divided and plants in the two

rows do not come opposite each other.



After the first season’s growth the

hedge should be cut back to within ten

inches of the ground and all side shoots

cut back to Stubs two inches long. Dur-

ing the second season’s growth the hedge

may be pinched back and otherwise

trained the desired shape. Summer prun-

ing or pinching back tends to keep the

upright shoots down and throws the





 





per ‘





 





growth in the lower branches, making the





 





 





APRIL 15, 1911. '





POTATO

SPRAYERS





233 Bushois

more per acre by

Spraying , 3.





That is what the

New York Exper-

iment Station «—

reports as a [0 {-fl .»

year average .-"‘—,

Gain by Spray- .

ing potatoes.



Don't let

blight, scab.



and





 





our cro in half—but get a HURST S rnyer and

giake al the Money you are really on itled to for



our work out of your Potatoes or fruit. Spray

I'm", then if you buy. Pay Us out of the Extra Pro-

fit." These Sprayers Spray Anything, otatoes,

orchards. vineyards, truck (4 to 6 rows 9. a time).

“Man-power and horse-power.” Powerful pres-

sure. Easy on man and horse. Strong and

durable. Brass valves, plunger. strainer, etc.

Guaranteed for 5 Years.





Shipped on Free Trial





without I cent in advance. No bank deposit.

“no airln n" to our trial offer. Wholesale prices.





rel I“.



We pay 2 Write usaletter or card

and tell us which mach-

. ine you are interested

. ”NV? imand ou'll get free our

‘ ' eSprayingGuide

—Catalo ~and ourspec-

ffer to first in

" each locality this season.



‘ - Be first. to write us.





 





FRUITS AND

FIELD CROPS





and do whituruhing in most eii'ectuul, economical,

npid my. Sanitation guaranteed. BROWN'S





"AND OR

Pow... Auto-Sprays

No.1, shown horn. is fitted with Auto-Pop Nozzle—

doa work of 3 ordinary spnyen. Endorsed by Ex-

periment Stotiuns nnd 300.000 othan. 40 nylon and

sizes of hand anti power Ipnyou—niuo ricoa

Ind nimble Ipnying guide in our Free ook.

Write postal now. .

THE E. 0. BROWN COMPANY :,

32 Jay St, Rochester, N. Y. , \\ \

\\. .





_“lIore Poiaioes”





From ground planted secured

by use of The KEYSTON E

POTATO PLANTE R than

by any other method of

\ planting. Work perfectly ac-

curate, simple, strong,

durable machine. W rite

for CATALOG, price, etc.

A. J. PLATT. MFR.

BOX J STERLING, ILL.





TIIE CLIPPER





There are three things

that destroy your lawns,

Dandelions, Buck Plan—

tain and (‘rab Grass. In

one season the Clipper

will drive them all out.

“33);? CLIPPER LAWN MOWER 00.





._..-

t ('7‘? DIXON. ILLINOIS.





 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





   

 





 





 





A WHITE package which insures

highest prices for your fruit.

Write for 1910 catalog showing

our conpletc lino,nud secure your

BASKETS. CIiA'l‘i-IS, ETC...“

WINTER DISCOUNTS

Ill. BERLIN FRUIT 30X 90.

Berlin Heights, Ohio.





Have been growing successfullyB years reducing 3

to4 cuttings per year. 100 lb. sacks at 50. for less

than M ton lots; $6 ton or over, 500. per 100 lb. sacks.

All i. o. b. cars Forest. Grove. Can furnish beat of

reference by my neighbors and others includin Colon

Q. Lillie. also J. mallegan our Merchant. udson.

Ville, Mich. RJF. D. No.3 G. Yntema. our supervisor,

Hudsonvxlle, Mich. R. R. No. 3. Send cash with order.

Address. A. BUS. It. I“. D. No. 3. Hudsonville, Mich-





ALFALFA





All northern grown, guaranteed to be 99 or c 11

pure and free from dodder. Write for freepsamglg

on which we Invtte you to get Government tests. This

need should produce hay at $60 per acre annually.

Free instructions on g





(um nun’w‘iin ss SEE





Northern grown and of strongest vitality. We

handleexport grades only and can furnish grass mix-

ture suitable for any 140113. Write for catalog.





WING SEED 00., Box 242, Mochanlcuburg, 0.





PEACH mass-122.000 21......





Crawford.

etc. Catalog tree. WOODBINE N

. . ALLEN 6: URSERIES.





SONS. Geneva. Ohio.





 





 





 





 





- and Get the Best

Buy Direct—Save Money peach Trees. an. a.

$4.00 per hundred. Ap lo, 100; Cherry Re. ll kinds

of Trees and Berry lante. Cheap, Catalog free.

ERNST NURSERIES. Box 1. Moscow. 0.





r RUE CATALPA SPEC. AND BL. LOC .

F 33 per 1,000, 825 10,000. All forest; trees and life:-

greens cheap. Oata. T. G. BROSIUS, Tlffln. Ohio.





Seed Corn and flats For Sale 53,12? reggae;

Swedish Select. Golden Fleece and National Oats.

The best varieties. rite for samples, Prices and



F A. BYVVATER. Memphis, .Michigan,





circular. .



FOR SALE—500 Bu. choice recleaned Oder-

_ bruoker Seed Barley. 500 bu.



Green Mountain Seed Potatoes, 500 bu. Silver King



Seed Corn. 5 cal-loads Pure Bone Fertilizer, Grain



drills. and corn and potato planters. E. H. Hutchins.



Phone 106.) Box 108, Clayton, Lenawee 00., Michigan,





FOR SA L E-I-ggggigiigleéital 4S5eed Oats.

Bugs free. L. J. JVALENTINE, Averiifi'mic 65;:in

PA I E:NTS: Reward offers and Inven-



tions that will bringr ,from





$5000 to Ten Million Dollars. and for books of In-

tense Interest to Inventors, send 8c. postage to

Pubs. hinni Sonu. But. 80. Barrister Bldg" Washington. 0.6.





 





 





For facts about Prize and





 





 





 





 





‘3





t'

I





i





v.‘
.way for a year.





APRIL 15. 191L





hedge more compact at the base. I have

seen hedge plants set without pruning or

cutting back and allowed to grow this

It is impossible to get

anything but a scraggly row of bushes

with open spaces near the base that will

let a dog through, unless the plants are

pruned when set, and cared for after-

wards.

Missouri. H. F. GRINSTEAD.





TREATMENT OT: TREES ON ARRIVAL.





 





 





Trees and shrubs sometimes arrive from

the nurseryman at a time when. owing

to the prevalence of severe frost, or the

soil being in a. very wet state, it would

be injudicious to plant them until more

favorable conditions supervene. Indeed,

it is a common mistake to plant them

when the operation had much better be

deferred for a time. Failures in trans-

planting may often be traced to the fact

that trees which are not planted immedi—

ately on arrival are improperly treated

in the interval. They should be at once

unpacked and their roots carefully placed

in trenches in a sheltered position and

covered over with a good depth of soil.

Thus situated they will not harm it left

for several weeks. If received when the

soil is too hard to be worked they should

be placed in a cool shed, and the roots

covered with manure or damp matting.

Dryness of the roots is what has princi-

pally to be guarded against when trees

are out of the ground; the delicate fibrous

roots perish very quickly, and the check

to the tree is often a severe one. In

bright weather, or when there is a dry





8 C

p l





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





H





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





l





 





 





 





A.

‘ Figure 1. (See Opposite Page).



wind, the roots must be protected with

mats as much as possible while planting

is going on and even dipping the roots in

water immediately before putting them

into the soil. It is remarkable what ill-

treatment trees will endure, but there is

a limit to this, and it is unfortunately

sometimes demonstrated in the case of

planting on a large scale, nobody con-

cerned apparently being at all competent





to perform the work in a satisfactory

manner.

W. R. GILBERT.





anada.





TIMELY GARDEN SUGGESTIONS.



The farmer is learning to appreciate

the value of his vegetable garden more

every year, not only as a source of sup-

ply for the hi nftable but often as a

quite profitable side line.



Vegetables that require a long growing

season must be started weeks before they

may be safely set outdors, then there are





others of shorter growing season that

must be started indoors in order to get

them on the market when prices are

highest.



Cabbage, celery, and, cauliflower will

endure considerable cold without injury





after they are well established but such

plants as tomato, pepper, and egg—plant

require a high temperature and are eas-

ily stunted if exposed to cold. When the

plants are a few inches high they should

be transplanted and given more room in

order to make strong, stocky growth, and

before being transplanted to the garden

they must be gradually hardened off.



A good spraying outfit is a necessity

nowadays on every farm no matter what

line of farming is followed. In the gar-

den it is indispensable. ‘Without its use

we can scarcely grow a good crop of

cucumbers or muskmelons because of the

striped beetle and the ravages of blight

and other diseases. But by spraying fre-

quently with bordeaux and lead arsenate





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





we can control both insects and diseases.

The same is true in the potato field, and

of late years it has become necessary to

spray the tomatoes in order to insure

freedom from blight. Bordeaux is useful

on peas. particularly the late plantings.

to keep mildew in checlc Then the

Sprayer comes in handy to combat the

green cabbage worm, harlequin cabbage

bug, squash beetles and other destructive

insects. For a small' garden one of the

small knapsack Sprayers of a few gallons

capacity and costing from three to five

dollars, will give satisfaction and last

for years. For more extensive operations

one of the larger outfits may be pur—

chased at a reasonable price and one sea—





 





 





Figure 2.





son’s work should more than pay for it.



One of the most important garden crops

is ll‘ina beans, though there are many who

think limas are more difficult to grow

successfully than other beans. “'e have

found limas-one of the most adaptable

as well as most profitable of our vege-

tables.





soil, we also grow them successfully on

heavy clay, the only difference being that

the beans cannot be planted so early on

clay soil as it warms up slowly. if the

ground intended for limas can be plowed

early it will warm up more quickly and

make a better seed bed. Now





time to cut a supply of bean poles. We

cut them about seven feet long and‘

sharpen the lower end. Wire netting





may be used instead of poles but we pre-

fer the latter as they admit of cultivating

in both directions.



The average farm is woefully lacking in

small fruits. Various excuses are offered

for failure to raise enough berries to sup-

ply the family with fruit but few of them

hold good. The labor required to care

for a few dozen currant, gooseberry and

raspberry bushes is slight. Once they

are started they will grow and bear well

for years with scarcely any attention.

Strawberries require somewhat more at—

tention to give best results but they. too,

will stand considerable neglect and still

bear fairly well. Raspberry and straw-

berry plants set out this spring will bear

a full crop the following year. Currants





 





and gooseberry are longer coming into

bearing but in a few years they prove

quite profitable. By all means make a

start with small fruits this year.

Ohio. NAT S. GREEN.

~——‘=':5

CABBAGE.

The home gardener, the market gar-





dener, and the truck farmer, each of

whom contributes largely to the vegetable

Supply, is more or less interested in the

growing of one of the most universally

cultivated plants——the cabbage; and with





clientele the U. S. Department

culture recently issued farmers’

No. 4323 describing its cultivation.

.»\lthough one of the coarser vegetables.

cabbage finds a place in the home garden





of Agri—

bulletin





 





lo L oi





Figure 3.





as well as in the market garden and the

truck farm. and in some sections of the

llnited States it is extensively grown as

a farm crop. No adequate estimate, how-

ever, can be placed on the value of this

crop, as it fluctuates very decidedly from

year to year'both in acreage and price;

but the output is large.



Early cabbage is practically all con-

sumed as a green vegetable; the late

crop on the other hand, is handled as a

fresh vegetable, as a storage crop, and

for the manufacture of sauerkraut. Cab-

bage is always in demand, and, under

present conditions. is always on the mar-

ket either in the spring as the product of

the southern farms, in the fall and earl},r

winter from the northern farm and mar-

ket garden. or in the winter from the

storage house where the surplus has been

preserved for this demand.





\l’hile they succeed best and ma-‘

_ture earliest on a fairly rich sandy loam





is the ,





'buy it; what it does,





its usual sensitiveness to the needs of its.





to maintain the fertility of your





of grains, vegetables, etc.





Burma





acuity. Here's a chance





 





(29) 461'





It is cheaper





soil while





it is producing revenue than it is to reclaim

it after it is exhausted.





FERTHJZER

will keep your soil rich and productive. When drilled 200

to 400 lbs. to the acre it will increase the yield of corn

from 40 bushels to 80 or 100 bushels per acre. The





cars will be fuller, and the

Write for Free ”2.0""! urn-Calendar Boob.

Contain: valuable information on the scientific growing





ain better developed.





BKC.





TH: CINCINNATI PnosPuA'rs Co.,





CINCINNATI, 0.





P

«Wotan-ted. Ween-l alive-Minced





Write us.





 





 

 





 





 





 

 





 





$225 an





Florida,Tennessee and along the Gulf Coast.

for same beyond the supply.

“ My yield of soluble pot-toes this year,

per bushel, this beta the first crop on



and sweet. corn and t



of which brought good prices."





been dug. Two to three hundred bushels an

$1.75 per bushel. Let

country where f

days a year. Low to





Early potatoes are one o the -cst-paymc(§;ggs raise . in



Read what a farmer at ummerdale. Ala, has to say on this crop;

1' acre, m 150 bushels, which sold readily at $1.60



he land. I followed this crop with sweet potatoes



en planted cow peas. I raised three crops on the land in one year, all





‘ r A . . u ' ,- .‘

‘I' I H m “'I‘Vli‘; H w ' (T: "M“ ‘V A " \g,‘\‘ I, ‘\"— H- . 1m i

“.I-u WI f willing}. u lull, ,-,l .. . r4, , -, . . 1| ,"’ “I"? ’ 1"» - . j, “if ”a,"

’ful'rtlllll‘ll‘!"lilr'lllmé at» ‘t‘lyll - “All“; ‘ A: i f ”(2/ K ,5 "’ V"'~’l‘“",‘

"I . .1 - ‘ ’72.: V . ’\ ‘-_‘ _ .l . ~ -I‘ffi‘ " ,' (‘ J‘,’L : ‘

/ '5; 3‘5 é” , ‘. 7 ‘\:'>\ r; ‘1‘: 7 ' .~ \l ,v’ I : .__.—-, 7;:—

l: c352 (5’:- ’ \_ . :9. "Q". .1 (A ‘ 'fif— ’ a"; _..- "V I. Q3.” ...—. :rty;__

" €05;— ‘r' r "‘ :' f.” a far ' a, i \ =2}, . r y f #1; /_’,__——4¢¢e,

. n . . ,1, I . A ' I’ f 4‘ ( 7f -

z :14 /. ,‘q‘ -. -. , h“ _ u h» . ’ “a

Mg:- '3'”,- .E,. L‘,‘ - ,,‘/" 7. . ’Wt , Q ‘ \4,/’/. q.“

Gfi: A ; ‘ V: L— . - /—z“— — 1—5-_ '%' ~ 2 ‘~- 7» ,





Kore f om Potatoes \





‘ : t . cm a: ama, A" estern

flCCS are always obtainable and demand





Sweet potatoes produce big returns and are usually planted after Irish potatoes have





acre are produced and bring from 50 cents to





me and you our illustrated booklets and learn what can be done in a

ertile land can be purchased cheaply and where there are 312 working

lid-trip fuel ht and “Tuesday: each month.

0:. A. Pill, Goo'l 11-. .I In!” Mt. lodsvfllo & ladwillo ll. 8., Room 213 louisville, Ky.





(203)





 





Formaldehyde. Insures full, liealtl





wife Slllllllil pu<sc>fl~t





 





 





umethod-lmartily endorsed by the l.

today for the new. tree booklet—"Fornialdeliyde; its uses upon the Farm

and aboutthc liome"—-contaunng information every tanner or house—





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





DISIIIFEBT YOUR SEED OATS

WWII FOBIALDEIIYDE 1? £9





The only successful, economical and easy way to l'lll outs, barley

rye. wheat. etc. of destrurtlve smuts





and fungus growths Hi to use

1y crops. Not. an t’f-Zlitéi'llllt’lllal

l. S. Dept. of Agriculture. \‘l'rlte





PERTH AIM" GIIEIIGII. GDIPIIY





100 WILLIAM STREET, NEW YORK





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





HE PURITY of

Paris Green is





theimportant thing

to consider when you





depends on what it is.





E. l Raynolds Paris





['1' WITHOUT

SPRAYING





‘ isaoimposibleaogoodcropo from

pooreeed. Yo“ will more than

double your crop it you will

spray your trees with the





CRESTLINE

,. . _ Doubchd'chunl

" . , SPRAY PUMP





It is the simplest and mat

' elfectlvesprayer made. Any

one can use it. and the in-

creased yield of fruit the

first year In" more than

pa for it. Deocriptivecir—

on at free. Write today.





THE CIES'I'IJNE IFG. C0.

39 ”WWW





ooo FRU





     

 

 

 





[tin-no.





 





 





Green is the best to use





because it is of full strength,

unadulterated; reliable; goes

farther and does more.





Devoe Arsenate of Lead and

Devoe Lime and Sulphur Solution

are perfect sprays for all fruit trees

and foliage plants.



Be sure of what you buy; our

name is .a safe guide.





Devoe 63 Reynolds Company

Chicago





New York Kansas City Denver

Largest Makers of Pure Paints In the World





 





 





 





CIDER PRESSES





Thom-131ml“. Gila-durum“: Pro-

produces more cider from less

(I? lee than a other and is a.

G mohEY AKER. Sizes

10 to 400 barrels daily. Also

cider evaporation, apple-

butter cookers. vinegar

generators. etc.

CATALOGUE FREE.

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131 LincolnAve.. It. Gila-4.01110.





FOR SlAjfllf—‘f'r"o (“1’3" oBIMkbfr'i

- and . rap ['00 H a:



88.0) per M. 1.000.000 Strawberry Pl' t. t .(l)

w. M. YABIGER. St. fitnifuimgfiifl'





CHOICE DAHLIAS‘KEK. axial:





Mrs. A. A. FRIES. MENDON, MICHIGAN.





Seed Carl—field's Yellow Dent, llllp. Looming, Golden

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75¢ per bu. . J. M. KKNG, Rural 4. Ypsilanti. Mich.

$10.00 GIVEN AWA 253$";





pcorn. Seeds furnished free.





i the largest ear of

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Please mention the I'llchlzon Former when

writllt to advertisers.
"Y J"





 





462 <30) \





 





VYTYYYYVVYYYVYVYYVYVYYY





GRANGE _





V V. Y V

“A'A: ALA





 





 





 





LAA‘ALAAAAALAAAAAAAAAAAH'





Our Motto—“The Farmer is of more

consequence than the farm, and should be

first improved." ‘





 





 





THE NEW GRANGE REVIVAL AND

ITS MEANING.



That there is a great Grange revival

sweeping over the state no one acquaint-

ed with the facts will doubt. Muskegon,

Oceana, Newaygo, Mason, Lake, Maria's-

tee, Benzie, “'exford, Charlevoix and

Leelanau counties have made an aggre-

gate gain of 1,000 in the membership of

the Granges of these counties during the

past quarter.



Never before in the history of Michigan

have the farmers been so deeply im-

pressed with the fact that their greatest

friend is the Grange; that for nearly a

half century it has been fighting their

battles; that it is a home and school

builder; that it is a. good government

maker; that, in the state, it numbers

among its membership many of the best

school commissioners and teachers; that

it stands for progressive political ad-

vancement; that it is more and more co-

operating with city, village and citizen

in a social and civic uplift, and these are

some of the reasons for the great Grange

revival now in progress.



D. E. MCCLURE.





 





 





THE GRANGE IN IRON COUNTY.





 





This county is famous and known ev-

erywhere for its great mines which, al-

though just in their infancy, furnish em-

ployment to thousands of men. Less than

one-fifth of its people live in the rural

districts, and these are largely adjacent

to the main cities of (‘rystal Falls on the

cast and Iron ltiver on the west. These

conditions existing, the farmer has here-

tofore had an excellent market for his

products, leading him to sell the raw ma-

terial or cash crop rather than a fin-

ished article in the form of live stock,

with the result that much of the land is

depleted in fertility. Clearing new land

for potatoes and roots, and seeding down

the old to hay is the common practice,

hence the Grangcs organized in the coun-

ty‘during the past few years have their

full mission before them, both as to ag—

ricultural problems and educational and

social matters.



There are six subordinate Granges in

the county—Amasa, Crystal, Iron, Beech-

wood, Maplcion and SIIIINIICY~4\'IIII a

combined membership of 200. Early in

March of the present your a county

Grange, to be known as Riverton l‘omona,





THE . MICHIGAN FARMER.





A PLEASRNT. AI‘IINNéVERSARY MEET-





Morenci Grange, of Lenawee county,

fittingly celebrated the 37th anniversary

of its organization some weeks ago. It

was an all-day meeting, the special pro-

gram prepared for the occasion being ren-

dered in the afternoon. Invitations had

been sent to every Patron who had ever

been a member of Morenci Grange and

many former members took advantage

of the opportunity to renew old acquaint-

ances. More than 100 enjoyed the dinner

at noon, after which a program replete

with musical and entertainment features

of a reminiscent character was given.



Former State Master Horton delivered

the principal address in which he sketched

the history of the Grange as a national

body from the date of its organization

44 years ago. In an interesting way he

told what the organization has accomp-

lished for the farmers of this country,

dwelling particularly upon the legisla-

tion secured through the influence of the

Order and speaking at some length upon

the reciprocity measure now before con-

gress, to the enactment of which he is

unalterably opposed.



Mrs. Hoiggave a short paper referring

to the friendships formed in the Grange.

the educational advantages derived from

its teachings and also remembering those

passed from this life. She closed by read-

ing some original verses by the aged W.

S. G. Mason, one of the organization’s

charter members.



A letter from Hon. Albert Deyo, of

I’Vauseon, was read. He has been 3. Pa.-

tron since 1873, the latter part of his

membership being with -Morenci. In part

he said: “I believe the Grange has been

instrumental, as an educator, in doing

more good for the agriculturalist than

all legislative enactments in that line

that have been placed upon the statute

books.” All of the old members remem-

bered Mr. Deyo and were glad to hear

from him on this occasion, he thereby

showing his interest in the Order.



There are six surviving charter mem-

bers: Mr. and Mrs. IV. S. G. Mason, Mr.

and Mrs. A. J. Sutton, Mrs. Jane Crillis

and Geo. IV. \Voodworth, the last two

named being members at the present

time.



Ingham Pomona held its last meeting

at the Grange hall in Mason with a large

attendance. The morning session was a.

business meeting for members only, but

the afternoon session was open to T’a-

trons and their friends, Mrs. Creyts, Po-

mona lecturer, having charge of the pro-

gram. Judson l‘lill, of VVheatfield, read

a paper on “l'resent Prices and the Hired

Help Problem,” which was listened to

with unusual interest, since the recent

drop in prices of many farm products is

making the help problem a very serious

one for the average farmer. “The Social

Saprophyte” was the title of a temper-

ance paper read by Mrs. T. L. Iddings,

of Lansing, and the author supplemented

it with a well-rendered temperance reci-

tation. Prof. H. L. Kempster, of M. A.

C., gave a talk on poultry growing for

profit, the interest in this talk being evi-

denced by the large number of questions

which Prof. Kempster was obliged to an-

swer. The reciprocity question came in

for a share of the attention given to

legislative matters, the prevailing opin-

ion being that the measure before con-





 





 





A Portion of the Upper Peninsula Delegation at Last State Grange Session.





was organized at Iron River, representa-

tives from every subordinate being pres-

ent. .I. \\'. Byers was elected master, E.

P. Peterson secretary and \Vm. I’oyseve

lecturer. Plans are already under way

for a farmers’ picnic and Pomona meet—

ing to be held at Iron River, June 24. Iron

county fair, to be held in the fall, will

have a Grange day and prizes will be of-

fered for Grange exhibits. Cheap fire in-

surance rates are being recognized as

one of the advantages of Grange mem-

bership and more than 50 policies have

been written in the county in the past

three months. Efforts are also being

made to have some farmers’ institutes

held in the county this spring. Here, as

elsewhere, the Grange is foremost in ad-

vocating and assisting any movement

which promises improvement of rural

conditions. Iron Count Patrons are en-

thusiastic and will hold up their end the

coming year.

RALPH N. SEWARD.





gress is not just to the farmer. C. D.

\Voodbury, of Lansing, gave a talk on

“The Place for Alfalfa in Michigan." The

first alfalfa was sown in Michigan 47

years ago. The word is of Arabic deri-

vation and signifies “best fodder.” A

ton of alfalfa has practically the same

feeding value as‘a ton of shelled corn,

were among the facts of interest brought

out. Fifth degree work in the Grange

was given at 7:30 in the evening.





COMING EVENTS.





 





Pomona Meetings.



Van Buren Co., at Lawrence, Thursday,

April 20. Postponed from April 19. D.

E. McClure, state speaker.



Allegan Co., with Ganges Grange,

Thursday, April 20.



Antrim Co., at Bellaire, Saturday, April

29. Lecturers and workers’ conference.

State Lecturer present. -





 





' ' VVYVVVYVVVVVYVVVVVVW





E FARMERS’ CLUBS r





AAAAAAAAAAAAAAvAAA AAA)





OFFICERS OF THE STATE ASSOCIA-

TION OF FARMERS’ CLUBS.





 





 





President——B. A. Holden, Wixom.



Vice-Pres.,,J. D. Leland, Corunna.



Secretary—Mrs. C. P. Johnson, Meta-

mora.



Treasurer——Mrs. Lewis Sackett, Eckford.



Directors—A. R. Palmer, Jackson; Wm.

H. Marks, Fair Haven; C. L. Wright,

Caro; E. W. Woodruff, Blanchard; C. P.

Johnson, Metamora; Patrick Hankerd,

Munith.



Address all communications relative to

the organization of new Clubs to Mrs. C.

P. Johnson, Metamora, Mich.





 





Associational Motto.—

The skillful hand, with cultured mind,

is the farmer's most valuable asset.





 





Associational Sentlment.—

The farmer, he garners from the soil

the primal wealth of nations.





 





YEARLY PROGRAMS.





 





 





One of the first of the yearly programs

for 1911 to be received by the editor of

this department from a local Farmers’

Club is that of the Columbia Club, of

Jackson county. It is a neatly bound

booklet with red paper covers, on the first

of which appears the name of the Club

and the year for which the program is to

serve. On the title page the date of the

organization of the Club is also given as

1887. On the following page is an an-

nouncement of the date of the meetings,

which are held on the second Saturday

in each month, the meetings from Octo—

ber to April, inclusive, beginning at 10:30

a. m., while from May to September they

are called to order at 1:30 p. m. The

music for the several meetings is ar-

ranged for by the hostess in each case.

On the following page of the booklet ap—

pears the list of officers, including the

executive committee. On the next page

is printed the regular order of business

which is followed in the Club meetings.

The balance of the pages in the booklet

are devoted to the programs of the

monthly meetings, beginning with March,

which is evidently the beginning of the

fiscal year of the Club. A feature of

each program is the roll call, for which

the. character of the response expected is

given, and the miscellaneous nature of

these responses must serve to add inter-

est to this routine feature of the monthlv

meetings. The subjects for discussion

and the subjects of papers are given,

while recitations and readings are as-

signed to members who are expected to

take part in the several programs. The

homes of the entertaining members are

named and the name appears in connec-

tion with that of the host at the head of

”each program. Practical topics are dis-

cussed, two topics being assigned for

nearly every meeting, the ladies fre~

quently having topics for discussion which

are of special interest to them. No meet-

ing is held in July.



Special feature meetings begin in Au-

gust, which meeting is designated as

“Home Coming “'eek.” An annual fair

is held in October.



Altogether this program is one which

should be of great convenience to the

Club members and of great service in

promoting general interest in the work

of the organization, and it is easy to see

from its careful perusal why the yearly

program is favored by Clubs that have





tried out the plan as successfully as has'





the Columbia Club.

WHAT THE LOCAL CLUBS ARE

DOING.





 





The Highland and Hartland Farmers’

Club, of Oakland and Livingston counties

was represented by Mr. H. W. Nichols,

who stated that the Club had been organ-

ized for 20 years and has a membership

of 120 from 35 families and an average

attendance at the meetings of. 50. The

Club owns its own dishes, knives and

forks and lapboards, upon which the din-

ners are served. The refreshment com-

mittee reports for a year ahead, and as-

signs the portions of the menu to be pro-

vided by the different families for future

meetings.



The East Otisco Farmers’ Club was

represented by Mr. and Mrs. John F. Cole.

This Club holds a special young people’s

meeting and has a Club fair, the premi-

ums for which are donated by the mem-

bers, each member providing a premium.

The Club has a membership of 30 fam-

ilies, but there is no limit to the mem—

bership. All-day meetings are held from





‘.





APRIL 15, 1911. I





September to June, inclusive. Regular

meals are served at all Club meetings.





 





 





FARMERS’ CLUBS IN WISCONSIN.



Since 1866 Farmers' Clubs Have Been a

I Hobby. 7



With a district schoolhouse for a hall,

entertainments and investigations were

in order. Gophers were destructive and

prairie chickens were supposed to be,_ so

the Club members were generally divided

under two captains for discussion, gopher

hunts, chicken slaughter, and experi-

mental trials.



Thoughts of those old days in Minne-

sota were recalled by reviewing the notes

taken by an attendant of the late round-

up of the “’isconsin Faremrs’ Institutes

at Hudson, \Visconsin.



The ups and downs of Farmers’ Clubs

have been experienced by \\'illiam Toole,

of Baraboo, IVis., president of the Skillet

Creek Farmers’ Club and his talk had

the full sympathy of at least one old fel-

low in the rear of the crowd. This hear-

er was taking notes and lamenting that

more of his neighbors were not there,

too. The notes are as follows:



“The farmers’ Club is an active factor

in rural uplift. Often neglected by the

old and deserted for town life by the

young the Club has kept up a sort of in~

termittent existence. There were as

many farmers’ Clubs in XVisconsin forty

years ago as there are today. Their

number has fluctuated. The farm popu-

lation has been restless, yet the Clubs

have stood the test and even most local

papers are advocating their usefulness

today. Their flexibility and wide range

of usefulness make a demand for them

in any community which cares for better

things. They are associations for mutual

help.



“A federation of farmers’ Clubs would

be of unlimited benefit in bringing to-

gether a summary of knowledge, experi—

ence, and practice far beyond the present

outcome. Sank county, VVis., is to be the

place where such a federation may be

tried. Kindred organizations will be

asked to join. 1



“The meetings of a Club vary in char-

acter. Speakers are chosen according to

the subject to be considered. Talent is

found inside but information is gathered

from all sources. For instance, last week

Prof. C. A. Ocock, of our \Visconsin Col-

lege of Agriculture addressed us on ven-

tilating, heating and lighting our farm

buildings. .



Prizes are sometimes offered, pupils

of several schools contending. A late

subject of such essays was “The Products

of the Skillet Creek Neighborhood.” The

pupils first competed among themselves

then the best essays from each school

rere read to us by the author. Prizes

were awarded by \V. E. Larson, state

school inspector, S. Hood, Baraboo, and

G. Hackett, clerk of the North Freedom

board of education. Meetings are held

every two weeks in winter and once a

month in the summer. All the seed col—

lected by experience is not thrashed out

for want of time. We have considered a.

wide range of subjects. A farmers’ life

is always bringing up something new.

Our activities are more than social and

intellectual. Movements of a general

benefit feel our influence. Sank county

has a good fair. W’e maintain a rest and

reception tent. IVe made an exhibit last

year as a Club. \Ve propose a more ex-

tensive affair this year. \\'e have been

interested in roads. \Ve have done our

share in producing about fifteen miles of

macadam roads the Baraboo town now

has. We lately had a convention and

organized a county order of the VViscon-

sin Experiment Station.”



AN OLD AGRICULTURIST.





CLUB DISCUSSIONS.





 





An Easter Dinner was served the Rives

and East Tompkins Club, April 1, at the

home of Mr. and Mrs. Frank Stringham,

Jr. Owing to the inclement weather only

55 were present to partake of the splen-

did dinner and excellent April Fool jokes

so kindly provided by the ladies. The

meeting was opened by singing, “Draw

Me Nearer,” and a prayer by Rev. Rey-

nolds. An inaugural address by our pres-

ident was a surprise rather than a joke.

He said he thought April Fools’ Day was

very appropriate for taking the oath of

office, although he didn’t make it clear

just who the joke was on. It was learned

that Mr. \Vestern had been to some ex-

pense in behalf of the Farmers’ Club pic-

nic and it was voted that as long as our

Club was instrumental in organizing the

picnic we should reimburse Mr. Western.

A fine program was then given, consist-

ing of songs and recitations in which the

young people participated. The program

was concluded by a question box which

proved both amusing and instructive.—

Ina Stringham, Cor. eSc.





 





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1...... 15,191.. ' 1‘ THE MICHIGAN FARMER. * 463





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This lifter is for Every Farmer who is not now taking

The Michigan Farmer

12’: .SSEPtteféizti, *1". "52:: iii? tit? MAY 1, 1911.

An Extra Premium for a Gluh of Four of these Subscriptions:





Any one sending us four subscriptions under the above offer with $2, will receive their choice

of any one of the premiums on this page. Each subscriber also getting their choice

of one of the premiums. This offer is so liberal that it will be easy to secure a club of four.

In this way any of our old subscribers will be able to secure one of these premiums. All

premiums must be requested on order otherwise will not be sent. Send all orders to '





THE MICHIGAN F ARMER, Detroit, Mich.





tMiehigan Farmers New Census and Live Stock An-





A Fine Stag Handled Knife .mittt'itit.We?!..E'13§3:§.§1:'::1.§:s 3.1...





ever 111111.111 11111113911111. 11.111. t-1,111t111ne1l anywhere near as much useful and necessary

i111’111'111111i1111 1'111‘ 121111111114.



We 1111 111.11 have sutliment 51111111 to mention all the contents but a few of

the most 1111111111111111 111-11 11< 1‘111111v1's: The anatomical sheet is made up of 211'» true

colored ilh1.~'t111tt£1111.~'. 111311 11111111 111‘ the horse. cow. sheep. swine and chicken. show—

ing of Gilt‘ll animal. 1. 11111 1.11tw111'1l 1’111'111 111‘ 21 perfect animal; 2, the skeleton; 3, the

blond system; 4. the 1111:.~.!111<: 1'1. the internal organs. Each bone, vein, ink‘t'uct,

every part 111‘ ear-I1 1111111.:11 is given 11 number. then opposite the scientific name

is given. In this way v.11 111111 1111.11111i11t yourself with every minute part of the

animal. know its 1'111111111111, its l't1ltllth- 111143121111. 111111 in this way you become 111.1113-

Me 111' treating titstmses 111' the 11111111111.111111'S11lt'.



I11 11111111111-111111 111111 page is 1l11V11t1’11l t11 .11'1111I11;< 1111 each animal by such well

known authorities as 11‘. I‘). 1‘1111111'11 1111.1] I‘.1111:<1- \'. Ili1-lcs. .\1511 the necessary

treatment for the must 1-111111111111 diseasw 111’ e111-h animal is given.





An excellent knlfe for pOCket use. Blade Of beSt raZOI' Steel' The above is 11111 111111 111.11111e 111' this 11l1.11't. It also has the new 1910 census

brass lined, stag handle, one large and one small blade. Just . of all towns 11111] 1-i1i11z111 .\i11l1i,:'1111.1tl111s111 1'I1111'ts'1ire. in 1111-1. being delayed 1111





111-1111:1111 111:1:111ing‘1'111tl1111111‘.111<1I11:1t1't"1111tt 111 ewe 11111 those figures); 11 new

1112111 (,11' Michigan. with 1,11111g2'11:<si1111'.t,1 districts, the picture 111‘ all the 75-HVe1'1101's ”f





 





 





 





the right size for every farmer’s use. It is free with this offer,





i

y Michigan 111 1121111. 111w their time 111 111I'11re', pictures 111‘ 11,11 the present rulers of.

YOI I WAN I ONE ' i tne world; :1 1111111 111‘ the world: 11 1.11111 111‘ the l'nited Statics 111111, in fact, enough

-- . i more things. to make it an excellent 1311111'1'l1111e1li11.





Free 11111] 111151111lltl Will) the :llmVe offer.

N. B.~(’1V,'i11:.:‘ to delay 1111 census figures orders for this chart will be he”.

but we will 111111! them 11% 51.11111 11:4 11111 stm'l; nan-hes us.





A Set of Six Beautiful French Gray Tea Spoons. OUR REGULAR RATES;





1 One Year ('52 copies) - $1.00

Two Years 1104 copies) - 1.50

Three Years (156 copies) 2.00

Five Years (260 copies) 2.75





M11111 will meter to take the pt11p1r11t 1'1111111

for :1 ve.11'111 111111111'1111111 also our present

' * subscribe 1rs 1 .111 11111“ '1t .1.'l111v01.1t11s



Every woman would be pleased w1th a set of these spoons. W111 not wear off Any 01 the premiums On this page will be

as they have a whlte metal base. They are finished in the French gray and the given free With the-‘38 terms and 11150011 page

pattern is beautiful. A set of these spoons would retail at 75 cents per set and only it Sigh iiégeiiiyaiiii iii:hii1ilii:rl-l1l1ltlllll‘l:rilldlt'

by buying 1n very large quantities are we able to include these free with the above Oliver. for one year or longer. 0
.4 .. my... . ‘





"V‘Vvl





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GEt My Book See MYStyles

and Compare My Prices





9""?





 

 





—Tlien Decide





WANT to pay the

postage on my big

free book for 1911.

It’s the only salesman I



have. Every year I write





a book on buggies and this

1911 Book is the best to date.





In it I give you the practi—

cal facts I’ve learned as a buggy

designer and manufacturer. Don’t





buy until you know these facts. I’m . . ,

’ glad to give you this information about A Greater Vdnety Of Vehicles 1“





buggies. I don’t ask you to buy of me This Book Than in 10 Large

——un ess you’re convinced. But I do :



believe you need this information—this big Towns or 25 Dealers Stores

buggy book. Send me a postal for it today.





This book shows you by photographs a vehicle torn to pieces. Every part shown

~ clearly with full description—how it should be made—what it should be made of. Do

you know w/lry it is important to have Phelps guaranteed wheels? I tell you in this 1911

book. Read about the triple A straight grained Hickory—a grade you’ll never find in a

stock buggy. I send you a sample Split Hickory Spoke (unpainted) with every buggy 'I

sell—and I guarantee every wheel to be made of the same straight grained second growth

-~ shell hark Hickory as the sample. Send for the book with the 125 styles of auto seat

buggies, surreys, runabouts, phaetons, road wagons and harness. Direct factory prices—

$25 to $75 saving, accc "ding to the vehicle you buy. -





Split Hickory Vehicles





30 Days Free Road Test—2 Years Guarantee





Split Hickory Vehicles are the highest (6%»...

grade that’s made. I have sold over /

140, 000 of these made-to-order vehicles

to farmers everywhere. I want you to

know them. I want you to get my entire

proposition. I want to. tell you all the im- _ ,« : _ H

portant points about a buggy. Iwant to tell i \ ; . [g This Auto





 





 

 

 





I Guarantee 2‘;ng me: ' v'

of the running gear to be made

of triple A grade Straight ‘

Grained Split Hickory—the

same growth exactly as

this spoke which 1 send

unpainted as a sample

of the material used

with every Buggy

I ship _





 





   

 

 

 





 





   

 





 





   

 

 

 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





ll)? May Give





1-1





 





you how and why I use the Triple A grade wheels S B

on every Split Hickory VehicleI make; why I send eat uggy

a sample unpainted spoke with each buggy sold, guar- _

Manufacm'" °f Trade'Marked anteeing the same material in the wheels, running gear, a 30 Day

Split "Mm"? vehicle‘ etc. , in your vehicle. Free Road





Won’t you let me mail you this catalogue? It’s the biggest display room W A M

of vehicles in the world. It gives you a chance to get just the i” 71

vehicle you want—when you want it—at rock-bottom factory ,-

prices. Don’t choose from the four or five buggies the //

dealer happens to have on hand—satisfy your own prefer- ’

ences in style, finish, upholstering, etc. And don’t ,

pay the extra dealer’s profit. Send for the Big ‘,

Display Book of Buggy Styles. You need it as a ,

reference. Phelps wants to mail it to you FREE.

A postal brings it. Send that postal. Address (





H. C. Phelps, President ‘I:\





The Ohio Carriage Mfg. Co. -





The Largest Buggy Factory in the World Selling Direct to Consumer





Station 32. Columbus, Ohio. \\-





 





. ' .1, \ .

IP'WNNMHM “a 2.1

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