WV





 





 





 





The Only Weekly Agriultural, Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State.





DwEEKLY.





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VOL. CXXXVI. No. [7. i

Whole Number 3545.





FARM NOTES.





 





Treating Seed Potatoes for Scab.

As usual at this season of the year,





-there are many inquiries coming regard—





ing the best method of treating seed p0-

tatoes for scab. There are a number of

successful methods, of killing the spores

of the scab fungus on the seed. Of these

methods the formaldehyde method is gen-

erally considered the most satisfactory.

This treatment is at once- inexpensive,

safe and successful. It is applied by mix-

ing one pint of commercial formaldehyde

With 30 gallons of water and soaking the

seed in this solution before cutting, for

one and one—half hours. The easiest

method of doing the work is to place the

seed in barrels on an elevated floor

of sufficient height to permit of the draw-

ing off of the solution from holes bored

at the bottoms of the barrels into tubs

placed to receive it. Then the barrels can

be easily emptiedand filled with another

batch of seed when the solution can be

again dipped into the barrels. A little

fresh solution will be needed to replenish

the quantity after soaking a few batches,

as some will be removed with each batch.



There has been an occasional complaint

from readers who have used this method

of treating the seed, that the seed did

not come up well, which was attributed

to the treatment. We have used this

meth'od‘so' many ‘tlmes, however, without

any such ill effects that we belid‘e this

trcuB‘le was due to some other cause. The

soaking should, however, be done before

the seed is out if cutting is practiced.

Care should also be taken in the subse—

quent handling of the seed that it be not

reinfected, through the use of sacks or

crates in which diseased potatoes have

been handled, although it is doubtful if

the infection which might occur from

this cause, especially if crates are used,

would injure the quality of the crop to

any considerable extent.



Perhaps where a large amount of seed

is to be treated the formaldehyde gas

treatment, which‘has been described in

The Farmer in previous years. would be

more convenient and economical, but for

the average grower the soaking method

above described will be the best. There

are various other methods of treating

seed potatoes for scab, such as the cor~

rosive sublimate treatment which was

formerly used almost entirely, but which

is somewhat dangerous on account of the

poisonous nature of the material. The

formaldehyde treatment is, however, so

satisfactory in practice that there is little

occasion for experimenting with other

methods which are open to any serious

objec..on or which have not been demon-

strated to be successful.



As to the economy of the practice of

treating the seed there can be no doubt.

Of course, if the seed is fairly immune

from scab and if the season should not

be favorable for its development, there

might be little loss from this fungous

disease, but the only way in which we

can be sure of immunity from serious loss

from this cause is to treat the seed be-

fore planting.



. Preparlng the Soil for Alfalfa.





I purpose sowing some alfalfa seed this

season, and as there has been no alfalfa

grown on my farm, I am going to use

inoculated soil.

use per acre? Will the inoculated soil be

injured and become of no value if kept

too long before using? How is litmus

paper used to test soil for acidity? Will

common lime be all right for acid soil?

The land that I expect to seed to alfalfa

is mostly sand and gravel underlaid with





clay. CommOn clover grows well on my

land.





Clare Co. W.’ D. S.



The amount of inoculated soil which it

is necessary to use to get land inoculated

for alfalfa. which does not contain the





 





How much ought I to.





DETROIT, MICH., SATURDAY, APRIL 29, 1911.





proper bacteria is comparatively small,

from 200 to 300 lbs. per acre being gen-

erally recommended. But whether this

is the most profitable amount to sow will

depend upon conditions, such as the

availability and cost of getting the soil.

In a recent issue of The Farmer this

question was discussed by a \Vexford

county alfalfa grower of long experience.

He stated that in his first‘ trials he used

only a small amount of soil for inoculat-

ing purposes, but as he got alfalfa es-

tablished on his farm and put out new

areas he found it profitable to sow as

much as a ton per acre of inoculated soil,

as by this method he was able to get a

crop the first season, while by sowing

the smaller amount it took longer to get

a perfect inoculation and the first sea—

son’s crop was a negligible quantity. If

his experience should prove to be gen-





sunlight, for Whi(h reason it is best to

harrow it into the soil at once after it is

sown, and it is better for this reason to

apply it on a cloudy day.



The litmus paper test for soil acidity

was described in a recent issue of the

Michigan Farmer. The blue litmus pa-

per should be secured, and either placed

in contact with the damp soil in a num-

ber of places in the field by slipping it

down in a cleft made in the soil with a

spade, and packing the soil firmly against

it with the foot or taking a composite

sample of the soil and testing it in the

most convenient manner in’ which the

soil and the’ paper can be placed in close

contact. Sometimes soil extracts are pre-

pared and these tested with the paper.

but the simpler method will answer all

practical pinpor .es for a farm test. Care

should be taken to handle the paper as





 





 





 





 





Farm Home of B. F. Hlbner, of Gratiot County.





eral, then it would certainly pay to sow

a liberal amount of inoculated soil where

the crop has been established on a small

area and we have the soil on our own

farms to use for this purpose. But where

it has to be purchased or drawn from a

considerable distance the proposition

would be an entirely different one, so

that this is really a matter for economic

solution in the individual case. Any or-

dinary drying out of "the soil such as

would result from keeping it for any

reasonable time in sacks Would probably

not injure the virility of the bacteria to

any extent. In 'fact, cultures can be

made from the dried nodules taken from

alfalfa roots. The bacteria is, however,

said to be injured by long exposure to





little as possible. If there is a marked

acid condition of the soil the blue paper

will be turned to a reddish color. It is

a fairly satisfactory test for acidity, al-

though some soils have been found to be

benefited by lime in preparation for al—

falfa where there was no acidity denoted

by this test. On the other hand, all soils

that show an acid reaction by this test

are benefited by the application of lime.



For experimental purposes at least, the

common lime may be used in amounts

up to one ton per acre for the correction

of soil acidity and as a preparation for

alfalfa where it is thought the soil needs

more lime. However, many of the best

authorities advise the use of ground lime-

stone, or carbonate of lime for this pur-





 





 





 





Dlsklng‘ Has largely Superseded Plowing in Preparing Land for the Oat Crop,





 





$1.00 A YEAR.

32.75 FIVE YEARS.





pose, as it does not tend to consume the

humus in the soil as does caustic lime,

but will sweeten the soil and furnish the

lime needed by the alfalfa plant in an

available form. So far as the correction

of soil acidity is concerned, the caustic

lime will correct it more quickly than

the carbonate, but only a limited quan-

tity should be applied, while the ground

limestone may be applied in any quan—

tity desired without any danger of injury

to the soil. Probably not more than one

ton per acre of caustic lime should be

applied, but a larger quantity of the car-

bonate will produce a more lasting ben-

efit.



The fact that common clover grows

well on a soil is a pretty good indication

that it is not in an acid condition, yct

common clover does well on many soils

that will not grow alfalfa successfully

without special preparation. in the use

of lime for alfalfa it is a geod plan to

leave a check plot to which none is ap—

plied to determine the benefit derived as

accurately as possible.



When to Sow Alfalfa.





\Yould you please tell me through your

columns the best limo to sow 1111111131, as

I have an acie that I wish to son? I

have put about 30 loads of 111111111e on it;

do you think that lime will be necessary?



Kent (‘1) it. A. H.





It is generally conceded by successful

alfalfa. growers that the best time to

sowvthe seed is in the spring or early

summer. Where a large amount of ma-

nure has been applied as in this case, it

would probably be better to cultivate the

ground for some weeks to eradicate the

weeds as thoroughly as possible, and then

sow the seed without a nurse crop. The

application of lime would hasten the

nitrification of the manure and counter-

act any tendency to acidity, and unless

there is plenty of lime in the soil would

doubtless prove profitable. If given an

application of lime and if some inoculated

soil is sown to insure the presence of the

alfalfa bacteria and the seed is then sewn

on a well firmed seed bed, care being

taken to get clean, northern grown seed,

success with the crop would seem to be

fairly well insured, and it is probable

that a profitable crop would be secured

this season, if sown any time during the

last part of May or the fore part of June.



Applying Land Plaster.



I would like to know through the Mich-

igan Faimer how much land plaster to

sow to the a( re and when the best time

to sow. I want to sow it on wheat and

am going to seed to clover this spring.

’I‘ he land is a sandy soil in fair condition.





Also how is the best way to put it on?

(hand Traverse COB. H. C.





Years ago, when the soils of lower

Michigan were in a better state of natu-

ral fertility than they are at present, it

was the common practice to sow plaster

on new seedings of clover. From 100 to

200 lbs. per acre were used with marked

results in many cases. But these bene—

ficial effects ceased to be noticeable after

a few years, and at present the practice

is practically abandoned. \Vhen the plas-

ter failed to have the effect which was

once to be noted Where it was sowed,

farmers were free to express the opinion

that it was of a poorer grade than the

product which they formerly got, but the

real reason for the failure to get results

was with the soil rather than the plaster.

Scientists tell us that the beneficial ef-

fects noted from the application of the

plaster were due to a chemical action set

up in the soil through its presence, by

means of which the unavailable potash

compounds in the soil were converted in-

to an available form for the use of grow—

ing plants. But as this reserve store of

mineral plant food became exhausted,

this action could no longer take place,

and there was no resulting benefit from

the application of the plaster. Thus in
490 i2)





this sense the plaster was a. soil stimu-

lant, which aided in the growing of larger

crops of clover'while the soil contained

a. reserve supply of this unavailable min-

eral plant foou, but it was not in any

sense of the word a fertilizer. and could

not produce beneficial results from any

inherent property which it possessed in

itself. This fact should be taken into

consideration in the use of plaster on the

newer land, where it may prove bene-

ficial. The comparatively small applica-

tions above noted will serve to demon-

strate whether its use will prove bene-

ficial or not. But in the event that it

does prove helpful on any new soil, the

soil should not be robbed of the plant

food thus liberated to its future detri-

ment, but the larger crop of clover made

possible by the use of the plaster should-

be made the basis of soil improvement

by increasing its content of humus and

the plant food removed by subsequent

cropping should be returned in the form

of stable manure or commercial fertilizer

to an extent which will keep up its fer-

tility and insure the successful growth

of clever on the land in future years.

rl‘hus used, any agent which will help in

the growing of better crops is perma-

nently beneficial. while on the other hand,

if poor methods of handling the soil are

rntployetl, they make possible the more

rapid depletion of its virgin fertility.

Summer Fallowlng to Kill Canada

Thistles.



I I have a field that I wish to summer

fallow, that was into oats last year and

is covered with Canada thistles: what

crop can [ grow on this field to be plowed





under that will benefit the land the most‘.’

Genesee Co. St'ustitqurt.





\Vhere land is to be summer followed

to kill Canada. thistles, it is doubtful if

it would be profitable to undertake to

grow a crop for green manure on the

land the same season. To make a good

job of eradicating the thistles it is nec-

essary to do a very thorough job of cul—

tivating the land for several weeks when

the. weather is favorablc for the growth

of the thistles, as only by this means can

these persistent plants be killed. The

better plan would :‘ippcar to be to allow

thc thistles t0 gct startcd and plow them

down comparatively early this spring or

suizoncr, then keep the land well culti-

\chd, using thistle sweeps to make a

thorough job of it, so that the thistles

may be. all killed bcfore seeding time

this fall. If the attempt is made to grow

a crop for green manure and the season

should. be dry when the summer fallow is

plowed, the thistle roots may lie dormant

for some time and still grow, which they

can not» do if the land is plowed curly

when there is plenty of moisture to favor

their growth.





The Proper Depth for Tile.

What is your opinion of cement tile?





Will they work as well at two feet as at



three or three and one-half foot?

Sanilac Co. It). it. C.

“'hile tile will Work well at tWo feet



deep more satisfactory results will be





secured if they be put in deeper, as

they should be in cva case where the

outlet will permit. This is true both be-

cause the water level in the soil should

be more than two feet below'the surface

for best results with most crops, and be—

cause each string of tile will drain a

wider area if put down a suitable depth,

say three and one-half feet. At this

depth the frost will also have less effect

on the tile. whether of cement or clay,

and it is best to get them down at least

three feet if possible.





A PLEA FOR THE TREE.





lit the days of the pioneers of inch—

iuun, :1 tree was looked upon as an en-

cumbrance to be gotten rid of. And it

was necessary that they should be gotten

rid of before the early settler could pro-

vide a home and sustenance for himself

and family. But today the trees of the

forest can be planted around our dwel-

lings and along the highway, and they

will add much to the beauty of 0111‘ homes.

as well as comfort and pleasure to their

inmates. ’l‘he'season for doing this work is

now at hand, and let me urge upon every

farmer, who reads these lines to plant

a few forest trees on the. lawn and

around the dwelling this spring.



There are a great many farmers‘ homes

throughout the county that could be made

much m’ore attractive by the planting of

a few trees. It is to the owners of these

homes that this appeal is made. In some

sections forest trees, especially the maple,

are not easily obtained, but they can be

procured at- almost any nursery at com-

paratively small expense. For the lawn

there is no tree that surpasses the maple

for beauty. The lawn in front of my





house is quite ‘large and contains about

50 different varieties of trees, the majority

of which are maple. The trees are get-

ting' so large, that many kinds of birds

annually build their nests and rear their

young in their leafy branches. So we have.

plenty of music every morning during the

summer, and for this reason I have named

our home “Forest Park.” Having plant-

ed and cared for all the trees mentioned

above, I naturally take pride in them, and

a 'large amount of money would be no

temptation to have them cut down and

destroyed. SO, brother farmers, let me

again urge you to beautify your homes,

by planting plenty of trees around your

dwellings and you will never have cause

to regret it.



Ottawa CO.





SEEDING TO CLOVER.





J OHN JACKSON.





 





 





I would like a little information in re-

gard to seeding clover. I am not experi-

enced in growing clover, having lived out

west nearly all my life and only three

years in Michigan. My land has a sandy

subsoil with dark sand on top. Have

raised two crops on part and one crop

on part. I have read in the Michigan

Farmer about applying lime and fertil-

izers to soil before sowing clover. Now,

I am going to test my soil with litmus

paper. Now, if I find my soil to be acid

after testing, would it be best to apply

lime or commercial fertilizer? If you

advise lime which kind would you prefer

carbonate of lime or caustic lime? On the

other hand, if my soil is found not to be

acid how should I proceed to prepare it to

put in clover?





Ncwaygo C0. J. F. L.





Sandy land is quite apt to need lime‘





for the best growth of clover even though

it does not prove to be acid. Clover is

a gross feeder upon lime, and if the land

is deficient in lime then it would pay to

apply it. Probably a. good calcarious

marl or ground limestone would be the

best. form to apply on sandy soil for

clover. You ought to use about a ton

per acre to get the best results.



tinder no consideration will lime take

the place of fertilizer. We apply fer-

tilizer to supply nitrogen, phosphoric acid

and potash. There is no lime in it, prac-

tically, and if the land needs lime it

should be supplied directly, but it would

not be wise to supply the lime and leave

out the fertilizer, because if the soil is

acid the lime will sweeten the land but

it will not furnish plant food and if the

land is deficient in plant food this should

be supplied either with commercial fer-

tilizers or stable manure.



.T. F. L. does not state whether he

wants to seed the clover with oats or

with any other nurse crop, or whether

he wants to seed it alone. Undoubtedly

the surest way to get a catch of clover

is to seed it alone without a nurse crop.

(to to work and fit the ground up in nice

condition, give it an application of a ton

of lime per acre, then use from 300 to 500

lbs. of good standard commercial fer-

tiliber per acre and seed to clover and a

good stand is almost assured. If the

year is favorable, even on light sand one

can get a good stand of clover by seed—

ing with oats, but the oat plant of course

robs the soil of moisture, shades the

plant, and if you had a heavy growth of

oats it smothers it in some instances.

But on good, heavy, rich land one can

get a good crop of oats and get a seeding

of clover at the same time, but on poor

land it might be impossible to do so, and

the safest way would be to seed the

clover alone. You can buy lime in the

form of pulverized burned lime, pulver-

ized limestone or carbonate of lime, cal-

carious marl, or hydrated lime. Probably

on sandy soil it would not be advisable

to use as much as a ton of caustic lime

because most sandy soil doesn’t contain

any more humus and vegetable matter





than it ought to, and the pulverized

limestone, which is much cheaper and

which requires more to be effective,





would be absolutely safe. I should apply



lime on a portion of the field even if the



soil did not prove to be acid on testing it.

COLON C. LILLIE.





THE RETIRED FARMER.



Magazine writers and statesemn 0c-

cnsionally indulge in articles relating to

what shall be done with our ex-presi-

dents, a subject not approaching in im-

portance the question of the employment

of the ex-farmer, since the latter are so

much more numerous.



Dr. Osler’s facetious remark brought

him into prominence in the public eye,

and the spirit of fun which prompted him

to propose chloroform after 60 years of

age, does not apply to farmers. Years of

“early to bed and early to rise" have

made them, as a rule; strong of body at

that prescribed or proscribed age. Per-





THE MICHIGAN FARM-BR.





118.133 the series of articles on farm man-

agement might have injected into it at





some place an interlude on the manage‘





ment of ex-mrmers by themselves and of

themselves.





has directed a farm and held the plow

.findles himself would be as useless as

”esu-mptive. This article is, then, to be

considered from the standpoint of What

some ex-farmers are doing to maintain

the equilibrium of mental and physical

poise.



Fredrich Graft, of Ionia county, is, as

the name indicates, of German stock, and

if one cares to draw on a. little knowledge

of the German language, Graft is the

equivalent of the English title of count.

In this country counts only count when

they are of some account. This Ionia.

county farmer’s aristocratic wooings have

been to the American Princess, the corn

plant. After retiring fromthe active op-

erations of his farm he has, on a small

piece of land near Ionia, engrossed him-

self in scientific corn growing and instead

of keeping his light hidden has managed

the Ionia county boy’s corn-growing con—

test. His library contains the most recent

works on soils and fertility, as well as the

current bulletins of the day. It is safe to

say, no county surpasses Ionia in interest

and in istructive work with corn exhibits.

and many an institute worker who, speaks

on the subject of corn growing could sit

at the feet of Fredrich Graft on that sub-

ject. An exhibit of corn roots with the

large, deep-working shovel—tooth that cut

them off, together with the starved ear

resulting, told the story of root pruning

by the careless corn grower. The exhibit

of the various cultivator teeth that were

suited to effective cultivation were also

shown. Samples of soils in jars were used

to show the effect of capillary raising of

the water and how the soil mulch retained





'this water from final-evaporation at the





surface. But going to the real basis of

effective corn growing was a. drawing to

scale of alfalfa roots penetrating the soil

12 feet six inches and illustrating how

from the soil sub—strata the mineral ele-

ments of potash and phosphorous salts

are brought to the surface for the roots

of the corn plant to utilize in the rota-

tion.



Mr. Graft quoted Iowa’s corn apostle,

Holden, as saying that Michigan could

move into the corn belt by growing 3.]-

falfa. Incidental entirely to an exhibit

of corn planted in agglass-sided box to

show the root and plant, were myriads of

the corn root louse. The soil in this box

had been taken from a cornfield, and

while the heat around a. steam radiator

had pushed up the corn plant several

inches, it had also aroused these parasites

who doubtless thought it was an early

spring and time for them to be up and

doing. The corn root louse is noted for

its membership in the anti—race suicide

club and. also that it keeps down the high

cost of living for the ant family. This

louse is the mdch cow of the ant and is

carried from corn hill to corn hill by the

ants, so as to find fresh feeding grounds,

and by caressing the louse yields a milky

fluid for the ant's subsistence. The farm-

er’s corn root suffers and the remedy is

not to follow corn with corn on the same

piece of ground, as is so much done in the

corn belt of the west. The appearance

of this pest is somewhat rare in Michigan

and it‘s being on exhibition at a corn





show at this season of the year, while '





purely accidental, was indeed novel. Mr.

Graft is the possessor of a medal awarded

at the Omaha corn Show for an exhibit

of Michigan corn, so it will be seenithat

his skill and reputation is not merely

local. When (Jen. Corbin was presented

to the German Emperor, in the course of

tne conversation he seemed so familiar

with the German accomplishments and

character that he was asked by the Kaiser

if he had been in the German Empire

before. The answer was that he had

been in parts of it, and when inquired of

further as to what portions he had vis—

ited, replied, St. Louis and Milwaukee.

He might have added Ionia county, and

included the good work in corn growing

by Mr. Graff, who is a. credit to the

fatherland and to his adopted country and

state, for he is building on the foundation

of making two blades of corn grow where

only one formerly grew. ,



If I remember, Bellamy’s much talked

of book, “Looking Backward,” provided

that men past a. certain age should devote

themselves to scientific and social prob—

lems relating to their occupations. Maybe

we are arriving at this period and the

retired farmer is the pioneer in this field,

as he was in the development of the'

country.





Shiawassee Co, JAS. N. McBRIDm.





Any attempt toward outside :

mnagement of a}sturdy ex-farmer who.





- avoided.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





Deere Disc Cult vators

Help “August” Make Corn

T is an old saying: “July makes the

fodder, but; August makes the

com.”



A hot, dry August has no terrors

for the man who has used 21 Deere

DiscICultivator in his corn, because

he has held the moisture in the 3011

under the dust mulch created by_ the

pulverizing action of the discs; bestdes,

he has left the roots unharmed so that

all available water is readily absorbed.

Thus growth is unchecked and finng





 

 





An experienced user said:



"Corn would not fire as badly nor as easiy.

after a. disc as it would after.” other style

low or cultivator. I have seen this emonatrated.

m a number of cases and in different seasons.

Oneeaaeinparticularmne part ofthefield was

cultivated with the double shovels, and this

corn fired up to the ear. The rest; of the field

was cultivated with 23 Deere Disc Cultivator

and did not fire at all."

Read the Reports Iron other Success-



ful Farmers Using Deere Blues



“All to com made 10 to 15 bushels more

per acre than my neighbors, on the same kind

of land.” . .



“In tobacco they equal one plowmg and hoemg

cowgiilgddisc cultivator is the only successful

sod com cultivator made."



Investigate the reasons for the





superiority -of Deere Disc Culti-





vators.

Write a post card for our latest

complete cultivator booklet and





special folder in colors. _



You may be losing dollars that the

Deere Disc Cultivators can save

for you. The mechanical‘ construc-

tion is steel and malleable iron, com-





strength. d - t: f cm. .

In writing be sure an . as or en ' are

No.5,so “we will know Just what to pend,“





Deere & Maser Company, . m, Illinois





 





 





 





.jFIlEE ‘ 4

BOOKLET p

WRITE TODAY.





 





We want. every farmer in the land to have

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It’s full of interesting facts and illustrations.





It shows plainly why the simple, light; run-

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durable and altogether the most satisfactory

loader for heavy hay. windrows, light; hay.

clover, alfalfa, or beans. .





It's the loader that can be depended upon

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Let us send you our Free Booklet at once.





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LACROSSE HAY T001. 00.,





 





 





bining lightness, ease‘of handling and





 





32nd Street Chicano Height. Illlnolt'





 





 





 





 





AL FALFA 80". FOB INSULATING



m 109 H. it mm B

S 'l t ’ '

sfécfifuf‘2L25€f°ofrfifi3ir2?“fofi“inf.°§§é§3‘37§$i 3:33

less than half ton lots. Hall! ton lots or or .. per

as ‘1'.r2..§.5°‘f§21%i2"e' 0.0,... cos-time

Ooopersville. Casli with grdeg, add:gss. . l 10 Of





A. 808, Hudsonville, Michigan.

~ ,. mm TWINE, do .rounn





\ Guaianteedwdthes beslt, mgde. lFauffrner

~ on s wan . am e an cute 0 rec.

’fi‘IEO. BURT a soils. Moltese.. hlo.





 





 





 

   





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APiiIL 29, 1911.





THE DAIRY





“WWW

CONDUCTED BY COLON C. LILLIE.





 





[VYVY





 





SHALL WE BREED OUR OWN DAIRY

COWS?‘



The question of Whether we shall breed

our own dairy cows or buy them from

other farmers and dairymen is of great

importance, and enters into the economy

of the farm management as well as that

of the dairy itself. It is difficult to lay





down any positive rule that would apply





with equal force to each individual case.

Climate, soil, locality and that particular

branch of the dairy business that is being

practiced, all must be taken into account

before we can decide upon a definite pol—

icy. The great object of every dairy

farmer is to get cows, which, with a giv-

en amount of food and care, will yield the

best returns at the pail. That is the

whole question in a nutshell—the end, the

point and the economy of the whole

thing. How is the best way to bring it

about?



V When We go into the dairy business we

must have the cows. We may go to the

city stock yards and buy them or go

through the country and secure them 01'

farmers and daii-ymen as we can, one or

more in a place. In each way we are

likely to secure about the same class of

cows, unless we pay an extremely high

price that the owners place upon their

best cows, and even then the buyer can

not usually select the best cows for their

owners only care to sell the culls of their

herds. When we buy of a deale1 or at

the stock yards the same facts must be

taken into account, for he buys of the

same or like farmers of which dairymen

would buy. Therefore, when a dairyman

buys his first herd of cows he is placed

at a great disadvantage, unless he pays

a price far beyond actual value of the

cows for dairy‘purposes.



To speak from the standpoint of the

men who are producing milk for the city

trade and finds it part of his farm econ-

omy to buy his cows for use in his dairy

I shall try and point out some of the dis-

advantages of going out and buying dairy

(cows, and also to point out some of the

common'jfdeficiencies found in cows that

we buy 'for uSe in our herds.



Many times we buy a. cow that to all

appearances will prove a good producer,

but when she freshens we find that she is





.deficient in one quarter, perhaps in two,

“and that we have been bam-boozled in





the trade. Another may give bloody or

ropy milk in one teat or two. Another is

a slow and hard cow .to milk. Another

may be' a confirmed kicker and kick over

the milk and the man who is trying to

milk her, with it. The next one we think

is a. pflze and we almost sympathize with

"Deacon Wright” for allowing us to have

her for fifty dollars, but when we sit

down and milk her, her enormous udder

appears just as large when we are

through as when we began and we have

only a small mess of milk.



Some have garget and some jump over

every fence on the farm and lead the oth-

er cows into mischief. Some suck them-

selves and some suck the other cows and

are a nuisance at any price. Some give

a large amount of bluish milk that is not

profitable for butter and cheese and unfit

to send to the city trade unless mixed

with richer milk. Some are ugly and

quarrelsome, and drive their heads and

horns into every other animal on the

farm, and are dear at any cost, even

though they may turn a profit at the pail.

Now and then some lean and unpromis-

ing heifer that we had to take in order

to close a deal for the more promising

ones, may prove an excellent individual

if she is given a chance in the world, and

few and far between we may find some

excellent cows that are really worth more

money, but their owner needs the money

and is compelled to part with them.



This has been my experience in buying

cows for the dairy and it is the same

problem with all dalrymen who are fol-

lowing this line of the dairy business

where they must depend upon .buying a

new cow every time one is needed in the

herd. If a man could always buy a good

cow, even} at an increased price, he would

no doubt find it to his advantage to turn

his whole attention solely to the produc—

tion of dairy products. But such not be-

ing the case, it becomes a very serious

question of which is the best permanent

policy to follow.



In the first place, let us consider the

financial aspect of the matter. A really

good cow is worth from sixty to seventy





 





   





THE MICHIGAN FARMER. (3)





dollars in any prosperous dairy locality,

at any time of the year. It is my judg-

ment that we can grow a heifer up to the

time she is ready to drop her first calf

for about forty dollars, and after that

time she will'pay her way if properly

managed, and by the time she is ready to

drop her next calf she will be worth at

least ten dollars more, that is, if nothing

befalls her. This gives us the animal we

want, at the time we want it most, and

it is reared under our own eye and better

adapted to our purposes than anything

we could buy for more money.



Another item of great importance may

be named in speaking of cows that are

purchased. It is the home feeling which

home-bred heifers or cows retain, over

those that are bought at random. Every

dairyman knows that it requires weeks

and sometimes months for a cow to get

accustomed to a new home and to new

conditions. We have had some cows that

would not give more than half their usual

amount of milk for the first few weeks

that we had them in their new home.

The cow is a creature of habit and when

everything is changed she is slow to take

up with the new conditions.



Some will ask why we continue to buy.

Simply because when we are shipping

milk to the city we have no skim-milk

to grow our calves with, and with all of

these faults and draw-backs we can buy

cows cheaper than we can raise them.

\Vhile making city milk we have found

this buying of cows the worst drawback

to contend with, and are often tempted

to give it up and ship cream instead of

milk that we may have the skim—milk to

feed our calves. Some of my statements

may sound a little radical to dairy farm~

ers in some localities, but facts, actual,

stubbmn facts, will bear out these state-

ments. This practice of going out and

buying cows of miscellaneous breeding is

one of the knottiest and most perplexing

problems that I have ever faced, andfl‘one

that has been a stumbling block to more

than one enterprising and practical dairy-

man.



XVhen we consider the problem of grow-

ing our own calves for use in our herds

we must first learn that the cow from

which the young dairy heifer is to be

bred must be in form, appearance and

demonstration, a good milker. The bull

to which she is to be mated should be

descended from a good milking family.

The breeder must be assured of this by

a knowledge of the good qualities of the

ancestors, both male and female, for a

number of generations. Fully as much of

the milk producing qualities are trans-

mitted by the bull as by the cow.



‘Ve are, in most cases, compelled to rely

upon the common cows of the country,

and they are so miscellaneously bred

without respect to hereditary qualities,

that there is little certainty of any one

individual animal transmitting any qual-

ity to her progeny. \Vhen we are com-

pelled to rely upon this class of cows as

foundation stock, the bull should be se-

lected from some well—known dairy breed

that possesses the 'best qualities and he

should be a. good individual. By following

”tip the use of improved sires for three or

four generations we may so improve the

common cows that they will be high-

grades and as well adapted for all prac-

tical purposes as the best pure-breds of

the cross from which they originated.



New York. W, MILTON KELLY.





 





THE TEN CENT TAX.





 





 





The present oleomargarine law which

provides for a tax of ten cents per pound

upon artificially colored oleomargarine

does not prevent fraud in the sale of oleo—

margarine. Congress intended to make

the manufacture of yellow oleomargarine

unprofitable so that oleomargarine should

not be made to look like butter. In fram-

ing the law, congress failed to “reckon

with its host.” The manufacturers of

this butter substitute soon devised means

for producing their product without arti—

ficially coloring it. So largely is this done

that only enough tubs of artificially col-

ored oleomargarine is produced to furnish

enough packages from which to sell the

yellow stuff from stamped packages into

which tub after tub is emptied before the

original tub is quite empty. Dealers are

not required to destroy the stamp until

the tub is empty, hence it takes a long

time to empty it.



In doing this, even when selling the

product for just what it is, the dealer-can

demand an exorbitant price, .(just a few

cents less than for butter), and throw

the blame on the ten cent tax, when in

reality the stuff is taxed at only one-

fourth of a cent per pound.





This fact should be kept in mind: less





 





491





A Good Judge of Cows





is likely to be a good judge of a cream separator. The

same quality of brains that enables a man to breed high-

class dairy cattle, leads him to buy the best, cream separator.

It is worth noting that the man who produced the

\Vorld’s Record Holstein cow

COLANTHA 4TH’T JOHANNA,

has a United States Cream Separator. This man is

W. J. (iillcttc, of Rosendalc, \Vis.

And do you know that the owner of

JACOBA IRENE,

the great, record— breaking Jersey (ow, A. 0. Anton, of

Jcrscyvillc, lll., uscs the 671 nited States Separator on his

farm?

:Also the owners ofthc. wonderful,$10,000 Guernsey cow

YEKSA SUNBEAM,

the Riethrock cstate, of IIelendale Farmsat Athens, \\ 1s. ,

use four l nitcd States Separators on their farms.

TWILIGHT LONAN,

(Thus. L. Hill of ltoscndale, \Vis., owner of thcccle-

bratcd (iucrnscy cow Twilight Lonan uses a L'nilcd

States Cream Separator on his farm.

1 LORETTA D.

F. H. Scribner, of Rosendale, “’18., who developed

the celebrated .lcrscy cow Loretta 1)., and who is one of

the «neat .Icrscy breeders of the country, uses a United

States Cream Scpaiator.





If the United States Separator is the separator for

these busincss 111011 and thousands of others, leaders ofthe dairy

world, why not for you? These experts—~1nen who know,

and (lo—require the use of a separator which skim: closest,

washes easiest, runs easiest, and wears longest.



This is the r ‘21son they all choose the United States

Separator. Send for catalogue No. 111, today.



The United States Separator holds VVorld’s

therefore is the World's Standard Separator.





Vermont Farm Machine Co., Bellows Falls, Vermont.





Distributing Warehouses in all Dairy Sections.





SENT 0N TRIAL

FULLY

GUARANTEED.





=AMERICAN==





SEPARATOR





Abrand new, well made, easy running easily

cleaned. perfect skimming separator for $I5. 95.

Skims one quart of mill a minute, walm 01 cold.

Makes thick or thin cream. Thousands in use

giving splendid satisfaction. Difl'crcnt from this

picture which illustrates our large capacity

machines. The bowl is a sanitary marvel and

embodies all our latest improvements. ()ur

richly illustiated ( 1t111o<r tells all about it. Our

wonderfully low pricts on all sizes and generous

terms of trial will astonish you. Our guarantee

protects you on every American Separator.

Western orders filled from Western points.

Whether your dairy 1s large or small, get Our great

ofier and handsome free catalog. ADDRESS,





AMERICAN SEPARATOR CO.,





   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 





Record





   

 

 





 





 





 





 





BOX 1061

BAINBRIDGE, N. Y.





 





 





 





 





Whichane Will You ' ,

Test on Your Farm " '





for Ninety Days ? ,

Frolght Pronald





Which will you try. 30 Days‘ Free or 90 Days‘ Ap-

proval Test?



"Any capacity from 200 to 950 pounds per hour.

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of Oil" like a $5. 000 automobile—F eaturc worth $50. 00 alone. ’9 YOU

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HIGH GRADE STANDARD CREAM SEPARA TORC





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whether your milk is warm or cold. ' WM. 0", 0: bour‘flr

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.9 you ever saw or could find. Beautiful finish. 843 am am 8.. "loo. In.
492 (4)





than three per cent of the oleomargarine

put upon the market has been tax paid

at ten cents per pound. Quote this when

an uninformed friend refers to that “bur-

densome tax'” on oleomargarine. ‘



The present law needs amending so that

it will prevent fraud. Ulcomargarine men

insist that its weakness is a reason for

its repeal. The National Dairy Union

insists that its weakness is a reason for

its amendment so that it will be effective

in preventing fraud.



Minn. E, K. SLATER.





CHEESE AS AN ARTICLE OF DIET.





The Swiss, who are a very healthy

people, eat largely of cheese; in fact,

bread and cheese form the greater part

of the diet of many of them. Many oth-

er European races eat largely of creese.

’l'he miners of England consume very

much of the poor cheese made in the

lnited States, especially the high—acid

cheese, using it especially for season-

ing; and the Germans cat large quanti-

ties of the cheap but highly ilavored skim-

milk cheese such as the hand kase, which

has perhaps the most pungent odor of all

the varieties of cheese made.



In the matter of comparative food val-

ues it was thought that the results of the

experiments conducted by the Minnesota

Experiment Station and at \Vesleyan

University, Connecticut, made it safe to

assume that cheese was as fully digested

as most of the ordinary food materials

which have been studied in earlier ex-

periments carried on in connection with

the nutrition work of the Department. It

would in fact be undesirable for a larger

per cent of any food material to be ab-

sorbed than was the case with the cheese.



lleretofore cheese has seldom been re-

garded seriously by consumers of any

class in the United States as a possible

cheap staple food. All consumers of

cheese with very few exceptions use it

as a luxury in small quantities at com—

paratively rare intervals. \Vhile in the

aggregate a large quantity of cheese is

eaten in the l'nited States, the quantity

is nevertheless almost negligible when

umpared with some other products of

It“?~ food value and inferior palatability.



’i‘lxe greater part of the cheese con—

sumed in this country is eaten without

any preparation, \\hile in many European

countries the cheese is either sprinkled

on other foods—vegetables usuallyaor is

cooked with the food. Americans evi-

dently have much to learn from Euro-

pcawns of some of the possibilities of pre-

paring such dishes. A number of Euro-

pcan varieties of cheese are made exten-

sively and exclusively for use inconnec-





tion with other foods or in cooking.

Among these is the well-known l‘arme-

san. a hard cheese made from skim—milk;





and also the sap sage cheese, a small

conical-shaped cheese made from skim-

iuilk and highly seasoned with herbs.

The Italians use cheese for ilayoring as

Americans use salt and pepper, having it

grated and constantly at hand in a small

' shaker. “'ith them macaroni with cheese

is a common dish, as are other cheese

preparations. An excellent dish is the

cheese omelet. while warmed—up potatoes

('J!l be made very appetizing when Cooked

with cheese.



It may be, perhaps. that the American

people have gone so far in the consump-

tion of partly ripened and mild-flavored

chccse that the probabilities of learning

to use cheese as a flavoring are very

remote, as it is only the well-ripened or

highly flavored cheeses that are satisfac—

tory for flavoring purposes. It is perhaps

it matter for some regret that so much

lltlIlI-IIFIVOI'Gd cheese has come to be used,

it‘~' it is probable that much more satis-

f:i"li0n would be felt by consumers in

general with this great food product if

they had learned to like the well-ripened

product with a well—developed flavor. It

is generally conceded' that people who

like a highly-flavored ,cheese never be-

come tired of ii.



.\ comparison of the food value of

cheese with that of other highly nitro—

a'mous food materials may be of inter-

esting value. No kind of meat excepting

dried beef carries such a large percent—

age of protein as cheese, and as dried

lu-ni‘ contains a much greater percentage

of water, the other food constituents

aside from the protein are much less than

is found in cheese. Fresh beef as pur—

chased has, weight for weight. little more

than half the food value of cheese in

either protein or fat, and the same is

true of practically all other fresh meats,

which havo in many cases such a large

percentage of water that they are notice-

ably inferior to cheese in food value.

Bacon or fat pork are exceptions, but

their food value is mostly in the fat,





which can be and laureplaced to a. great

extent by the carbohydrates of vegetables

at a. much less cost and sometimes per-

haps at a benefit to the health of, the

consumer. Fish and pork each have a.

notably large percentage of refuse, while

eggs have a high percentage of water.

To sum the matter up, a pound of cheese

has nearly the same food value as two

pounds of fresh beef or any other fresh

meat as food; it is worth as much as or

nore than a pound of ham and is more

digestible, and it is equal to two pounds

of eggs or three pounds of fish. In price

good cheese made from unskimmed milk

cost; about a third more than round

stca': and twice as much as the cheaper

boiling beef, while it costs practically the

same per pound as smoked ham and ba-

con. It costs usually a third more than

fresh fish.



Cottage cheese or cheese made from

partially skimmed milk is cheaper even

than the American or Cheddar cheese.

The first costs about one-third as much

and the partly skimmed product, about

two—thirds as much as the so-callcd “full

cream” cheese. Practically the only food

product that rivals cheese in food value

and cheapness is dried beans.



In View of the foregoing comparison of

food values it is a matter of some wonder

why there is not more of a demand for

cheese, especially by people of limited

means. Estimates made by the Depart-

ment of Agriculture, in the twenty-second

and twenty-Sixth annual reports of dairy

bureau and in bulletin 55 of the Bureau

of Statistics, show that the people of the

linited States consume between 169 and

18.7 pounds of meat annually per capita,

besides fish and poultry, while the an-

nual consumption of cheese is only about

four pounds per capita. Even granted

that fresh meats are more palatable to

most people. some other explanation must

be found for this wide difference in the

quantity of the two products eaten. A

great proportion of the laboring class in

this country are able to eat plenty of

wholesome food, but they can not afford

to discriminate against a cheap, pala-

table, and “hole-smile food in favor of a

higher-priced food. The only way to ac-

count for the comparatively limited de-

mand for cheese is on the basis of cus-

tom and lack of knowledge. People usu-

ally eat what they have been accustomed

to, making variations withing narrow

limits only. and never changing the gen-

eral character of their food. New foods

are not sought.



In this connection particular interest

attaches to the quantity of salt or cured

pork products eaten in comparison with

cheese. Cured pork, ham, and bacon, to

about seven times the value of cheese are

eaten annually. No one can say that. the

pork products, with the exception of

good ham, are more palatable than cheese,

and they are not known to be more

healthful. These pork products are usu-

ally caten by the poorer classes who can

not. afford to buy fresh meat but who

could afford to buy cheese, and cheese

makes a better food in the dietary, be-

cause of its high protein content.



Cheese can no longer be discriminated

against because of a suspicion that it is

not a healthful food. The absolute lack

of any disturbance of the general health

of the subjects used in the experiments

reported in circular 166 of the U. S. Bu-

reau of Animal Industry, is proof that

cheese can be eaten in large quantities

without danger to health. The Swiss

cheesemakers, also many of the Swiss

farmers of southern Wisconsin, eat un-

usually large quantlties of cheese, and

they are noted for athletic attainments

and physical endurance. They brought

the custom of eating cheese from their

native country, where Cheese is a very

important item In the diet. The consum-

ing public, especially that part of it which

needs to practice economy in buying

food, would do well to, turn its attention

a little more toward cheese, since greater

quantities can be used at a saving to the

consumer.



The foregoing is a summary of work

done in the interest of cheese manufac—

turers and consumers made by the gov-





ernment. and we give the matter full

space here, believing it to have an eco-

nomic bearing upon the farmer as well

as upon the workingmen of cities.





/





 





Home “’aterworks. By Carleton .T.

Lynde, professor of physics in Macdonald

College, Quebec. The securing and in-

troduction of water into the houses and

out-buildings of rural places, and allied

subjects are among the titles of chapters

in this volume. The explanations are

clear and to the point and will enable the

ordinary layman to understand by aid of

the many illustrations, how the different

provisions for handling fresh and waste

water about the home are installed. Con-

tains 275 pages. Cloth, 75 cents per 'copy.

Sturgis & Walton, New York.





THE. MICHIGAN FARMER? .. j





E I. - , . . . , . i1





 





WuAi' YOU WILL SEE.

. By Letting Us

Deliver, Set Up and Start





. A SHARPLES





Tubular Cream Separator





III Y0lll' Home, FREE. :BEST FOR THE READER





LeIt with you for thorough free trial. You 3":— Tnmnnronn

pay no freight, pay nothing in advance. go to BEST FOR THE ADVERTISER

'10 “Table. lake “0 ris“ or responsilulily. Arranged according to location, reading





You will see the Dairy Tubular .is later than "’ from ”St to west.

and different from all others. Twwe the skim- Ohio Farmer, Guaranteed One 1,000

ming force. Neds no. disks or other conirap- Cleveland, om and Circulation Line Lines

lions. Skims faster, tWice (Bate 00c per Ine.)

as clean. Repeatedly Days 200,000 $ .85 8 .72l

-' for itself by savmg what Michigan Farmer, ‘

others lose. Built in the Detroit, Mich.

only known way for over- (Rate 400 per iine.)

Home and Farm,





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 

 





coming the many parts and





disadvantages of others. 101,330 .60 .45





   





   

   

 





 





 





   

 





‘ Field and Farm,





 





Patented. Cannot be Louisville, Ky.

. imitated. In world-wide

_ use many years. Indiana Farmer, 46 110

- You can afford Indianapolis, Ind- ' '25 ‘20

The World's Best—because it

wearsaliietime. is guaranteed Breeder’s Galen“ 85,984 .50 .50

forjever llay fimerica’s oldest GhicaaoJll.

an wor 's igges separa or

concern. Butyou cannotafiord Board’s Dairyman, 50,000 .30 .28;

any “malill 01??" or otherttso Fl- Atkinon. W15-

ca e c eap separa or, ‘

because such machines Wisconsin Agfl'

lose cream and last about culturallst, 62’615 '30 '27

one year on the average. Racine. Wis.

Your present separator, no

matter what make. taken in Tho Farmer,

part payment for a Tubular ‘ St- Paul, Minn. 140’000 '60 '55

Write for Wallace’s Farmer ' .

fiatfiggug mom... 1.. ’ 05.000 .30 mi

0. an

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row... Km,’ satin .25 .25

'mn SHARPLES SEPARATOR co. Oklahoma Farm

WEST CHESTER, PA. Journal,





Ohio-go. 111., Sun Funnel-co. 031., Portland, Ore.





Toronto. Cum, Winnipeg, Can. 41,300 '20 .20





Oklahoma, Okla.





 





Denver. 001. 81, 090 . l5 . 13





Town & Country Journal

Sm Francisco. Cal. 40,329 .35 .23





CREAM





SWEET SOUR. — —.—

We can use all you have. or 923,444 $4.55 $4.00.];





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h‘ as I make on the class oi engine I sell has ever been made before in all Gasoline Engine

istory. Here is the secret and reason: I turn them out all alike by the thousands in m!

enormous modern factory, equipped with automatic machinery. I sell them direct to you

for less money than some factories can make them at actual shop cost.

All you pay me for is actual raw material. labor and one small profit (and I buy my

matiialfiggnormous quantities).

11y y can afford and might just as well have a hi I! do en Inc when he

can get in on a wholesale deal of this kind. I‘m doing SOIEICIEEE thatfievcr was

done before. Think of iii A price to you that is lower than dealers and

iobbers cairbuy Similar engines for. in carload lots, for spot cash.

I An engine that is made so good in the factory that I will send

tout anywhere in the U. S. without an expert to any inexperienced

users, on 30 days' free trial. to test against any engine made of

Similar'horsc-powcr that sells for twice as much, and let him

be ihciudge. Sou your poorest horse and buy I





5-u.-P. Only $119.50





 





 





RAISE THEM WITHOUT MILK.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





3:





Get Galloway’s

Biggest and Best

FREE “253%? BOOK

Write today for my beautiful new 50-9321: Engine Book In four

colors, nothing like it ever printed before, fuliof valuable information.





showing how I make them and how you can make more money with a

gasoline engine on the farm. Write me—





Wm. Galloway, Prom, Wm. Galloway Go.

848 Galloway Station, Waist-loo, Iowa





 

 





 





 





You Can Insure Against





Storm, Fire, Decay, Trouble, Vexation and

Expense for Repairs, by-Building an





lmperishable' Silo”





made of Patented Hollow Blocks of Vitrified Clay, the same

Material used for Sewer Pipe. It lasts always. Our interlock-

mg Clamp Gives Great. Strength. Blocks are successfully used

for grain tanks. Silage keeps perfectly clear up to the wall.

Does not absorb moisture. Better than cement.



Write at once for free booklet.





IMPERIS’HABLE SILO 00..

HUNTINGTON. INDIANA.
a;





 





 





 





 





 





After. 29, 1911.





GILT-EDGED FARM BUTTER.





 





In producing an article the main object '

should be quality and not always quan-

tity, for at the present and in the future

an article'that is put on the market must

equal the best, or competition will reduce

the price to the cost of producing. Hence

the producer’s ambition should be to pro-

duce an article of the best quality. I

kndw of nothing where requirements

must be held to more strictly than in

butter making. There is a large amount

of inferior butter put on the market; but

it is a hard matter to deceive consumers

the second time. \Vhen they purchase an

inferior grade once they will not do so

again, hence the producer of poor butter

is always looking for a market while the

producer of first-class, gild—cdge butter

has no trouble in continuing to sell to the

same customer.



There are several causes for producing

poor butter. Sometimes it can be traced

to the barn in which the cows are kept,

or it may lie in the way the milk is

handled or in not properly caring for the

milk vessels or in the washing of the but-

ter after it is churned. Cleanliness with

everything that comes in contact with

the milk is one of the most essential

factors to be considered in the making of

pure butter, beginning at the barn and

not stopping until the butter is on the

market. The barn in which I keep my

milch cows is kept as clean and in as

good sanitary condition as it is possible

for me to keep it and before the cows

are pailed each one gets a thorough

cleaning with the comb and brush. This

precaution is taken for two reasons; first,

it is essential to secure pure butter, and

second, it is good for the cow‘s health

and well—being. By cleaning the cow’s

coat perfectly clean before milking it

prevents any dirt or trash that might be

sticking to her from falling into the milk

pail. I also keep a wet cloth for the pur—

pose of dampening the cow’s udder be-

fore milking. This is done to keep loose

hairs from falling. There are a great

many who consider the task of milking .1.

disagreeable and filthy one and, in fact,

it is, if everything is not properly ar—

ranged as it should be: but if the barn

is kept clean, the cows brushed and the

inilker clean himself, the task of milking

isnfi. by 'an disagreeable one. Before I

begin ml ting I‘ always wash my hands

and see that there is no dirt on my

clothing.



The care of milk vessels is another one

of the essentials in good butter making.

After -I have used milk pans, cans, strain—

ers, pails, separator, and evcn the churn,

I do not set them away until they are

needed again before washing them, but

instead I wash them immediately after

using; first rinsing them out in cold wat-

(‘r and then scalding them out with boil-

ing water, using a washing powder to

clean them perfectly, after which I scald

them again and then set them away in

the sun and air to dry. I never like to

keep my milking utensils in a damp place

or where they will be exposed to any

kind of trash blowing on them, a shelf





THE MICHIGAN FARMER. <5) m5





 





 





Why DE LAVAL Cream





Separators Are Best





De Laval the Logical Leader





It is not due to any mere stroke of luck or freak of

circumstances that the De Laval Cream Separator

has maintained first place in the esteem of cream

producers ever since its invention in 1878. There is

a reason for everything if we but. know it and time

are many reasons why the De Laval is now and always

has been the best cream separator.





De Laval Designers MostExperienced





’l‘hc Dc La'al organization of scparator scientists,

cxpcrts, cnginccrs, dcsignt‘ars, practical manui'ncturcrs

and skillcd Workmen of all classcs. not only in one

country but :1 half dozen, is umipprozichcd by all

Would-bc competitors combined. Thc Ilc Laval (‘rcum

Scpiu'zitor as we know it, today is the composiic pro-

duction of thcse inch of many shops and many

countrics, the amalgamation of the. longcsl and bcst





 

 





1

l

.

l

,





 

 

 





 

 

 

 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





scpurator experience in the world.

All Important Cream Separator Patents

Controlled by De Laval Company





Morcovcr, the principal features dcviscdin tbccon-

Sli‘llt'lillll and chclopmcnt of the llc l.u\"l nun-bincs ;

have naturally been coveredby pzitcms,, numbcring.r

several hundred in all, so that, howcvcif irrczxt lhcir

kuowlcdgo of De Laval machines, \vould—bc com-

pctitors have . bccn cmnpclled to utilizc mcuns of con—

struction which would avoid infringcincnt. oi thcsc

patents, and thus forccd to adopt less cilicicnt mid

lcss dcsimblemcthods until certain De Luvul pan-ills

had cxpired, by which time the construction covcrcd

by such patents had bccn discarded and abundom-d or

i'uithcr improved in the course of Do Laval pi‘ourcss. ,





De Laval Used Almost Exclusively by?

Creameries and Butter Factories i





That, briefly, is why Dc Laval (‘rczlm scpurutory lum- f

maintained tlicir suprcmzicy, rcgurdlcss ol' ooc (‘Irllr ‘

petitor or anothcr, increasing thcir sztlc ycar by _\t‘.'l.‘ ;

until their already ncurly univcrsul usc in [arm-r ,<l/l-< .

by crcamcrics, buttcr i'uclorics and milk rillfli’llfi i<

rapidly becomingr as gcncrzil in the farm and «lniiy

likewise, and for tho sell—sanit- rcusons.





De Laval the First Practical Separator





Dr. De Laval invented the first, successful continuous

cream separator because he had Worked :liarder, was

better informed, and knew more about the centrifugal

separation of cream from milk than any other man

who had attempted it.



Starting with this advantage the De Laval Company

has maintained its lead in the improvement and dc—

velopment of the separator, step by step from ycur to

year, because it has always had an organization bcucr

equipped in every way to build the best, scpzirzuor than

any one or all of its would—be competitors combined.





 





World-Wide De Laval Organization





The De Laval organization extends the world ovcr,

with a number of the finest mid largest shops in the

World in America, Swedcn, (.‘crmany, Franco, Austria

Russia and other countries. Every one of these shops

is devoted solely to the building of scpurators. Thcir

manufacture is not. simply incidcntal to that of some-

thing else, as is the case on the part of cvcry Would—be

competitor. No othcr separator shops compare with

them in size, equipmcnt or volume of production.

They produce more scparatms in a day than any com—

petitor in a wcok or most of them in a month.





II He Laval catalog or any desired separator information will gladly be sent for the asking.





THE DE LAVAL SEPARATOR COMPANY J





165-167 Broadway 29_E. hladlson Street llrumm & h'ncrnuu-nio Mg.





 





 





NEW YORK CHICAGO SAN FRANCISCO

178-177 “'lllinm-Street 14 & 16 Princess Street. 1016 \Vcsicrn Avenue

”NTREAL ‘ WINNIPEG SEATTLE





 





 





 





 





 





put up outside the milk house and where

the sun will have free access to it, the:

shelf to be tightly screened in, is a de- l

sirable place to keep milk vessels.



The churning is a matter of great im—

portance in manufacturing a good quality

article. It is of much importance to know





just when to stop the churn. For best .





resul... in freeing the granules from the

buttermilk and thoroughly mixing the

salt with the butter is when the granules

are about the size of a navy bean or a

grain of coffee. After the milk is well

drained from the butter granules, water

should be added of about the same tem—

perature as the buttermilk. live the

churn four or five revolutions Vcry slowly

SO that the water will come in contact

with the butter and wash out the remain-

ing buttermilk, if the barrel churn is

used the butter may be salted in the

churn, usually about one ounce of suit

to eat-.1 pound of butter is sufficient, and

by giving the churn four or five more

revolutions the salt will become thor-

oughly mixed with the butter. Then let

stand for some 15 or 20 minutes before

working the butter, in order to let the

salt fully dissolve. After the salt and

butter are thoroughly mixed the butter

is then ready for working. Place the

butter in the butter bowl and begin by

vigorously working the butter with the

butter paddle and work it until it is of

the proper fineness and the milk and

water is removed from the butter. I then

mold my butter in one-pound packages

and wrap in parchment paper, when it

is then ready for the market.



Illinois. L. G. JOHNSON.





 





 





THE STUDEBAKER CORPORATION





who can either give their entire time or a part of their time to us.

instructive and will teach you a business.

devoting their entire time and pay for time spent at our work to those who cannot give their

entlre time.



work hard is.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Millions Know the Value

of That Name on a Wagon





For the past sixty years the STUDEBAKER

has set the standard in Farm Wagons. Confi-

. . . - demo in Studebaker value, and in Studebaker

\* i ‘i service, has been handed down from father to son.





Today that confidence is even stronger, because STUDEBAKER wagons are better

than ever. Year by year improvements have been made wherever constant watchfulness has

shown a practical improvement possible.





The one word—Quality—explains Studebaker supremacy. Quality of material and Quality

of workmanship has sent STUDEBAKER wagons to every civilized land.





The best proof of how Studebaker service is /

appreciated is shown by the fact that the Studebaker F

plant covers over 101 acres of ground—the largest

vehicle factories in the world.



If you want the wagon of perfect design, cor-



rect proportion, matchless strength, finest



appearance, longest life and lightest draft,



call on the Studebaker dealer and

choose from his display.





\





 





“The Farmer’s Friend”—Free





We have a book called “The Farmer’s

Frieut” which illustrates and describes the

Studebakcrwagons in detail and explains why

they are the most economical to buy. Send

your name and address and we will mail you

the book free and give you the name of the

Studebaker dealer nearest you. J





 





 





 





 





SOUTH BEND, INDIANA.





DO You Want Profitable Work?





We Have An Opening for Several Men

. The work is pleasant and

We Wlll pay weekly salary and expenses to those





Steady work all year is assured._ Experience is not necessary, but a Willingness to

In answerlng State how much tlme you can give us, also give references. Address





Box 207 F, care of THE MICHIGAN F ARMER, Detroit.
(4)





. 492





than three per cent of the oleomargarine





lmt upon the market has been tax paid

ill tcn cents per pound. Quotc this when

:in uninformed friend rcfers to that "bur-

.lc. Nitric tax" on oleomurgarinc.



'I‘bc present law needs amending so that

i'. \'.ill.prcvcnt fi'uutl. (ilcomargurinc incn

that in.- wcukncus rcuson for

rcpt-til. The National Dairy l'nion

”mists that its weakness is a rcuson for





iti'x'is‘i is: :1





it»:





iii; u:uctultucnt so that it will be effective

in prcvonling fraud.

Ilium. E, K. SLATER.





CHEESE AS AN ARTICLE OF DIET.

'l‘lo- Swiss, who arc :L vcry healthy

,oojtlc. cut lzirizcly of cliccsc; in fact,

iii'titi null cliccsc form the grcatcr part

-f tbc dict oi' mun) ot' thctu. Many oth-

«r l;urcpc:tn l':tt'~“~‘ cut largely of crccxe.

'iht: miners of lvlngland consumc very

i'ltnil ..r thc poor t‘llt't'bit’ llitltit: in the

'lli’wi Stzitcs, cspccinll) tho high-zicid

tilttfl‘, uxuig it cspcciitlly for season—

mg; and thc (lcrinuim cut large quanti-





l‘cb’ of tl:c t‘lit‘uli but highly tlaVorcd skim~

:tltil. chm-8c such ilH thc hund kasc. which

tvcl‘llups the most pungent odor of all

\lLl'lt‘lltj’n‘ of t'i’lOtffi‘t.‘ qutlc.



lill‘ matte-r of comparative food val-





l. 1‘-

tltc

ll,





’cs' it “ilb’ thought that thc rcsults of the

t \p- :imcnts conducted by thc Minnesota

let cruncnt Stntiun and lit \Vcslcyan

l'uncrstty, (‘oiiitct-tictit, tnzttlc it suits to





.. wk‘tti'lt‘





that t-liccxc was (tr-i fully (ligcstcd





.m most of the ordinary food materials

-. l::« 9. Marc liccn studicd in carlicr cx-

Wt'ltllitflth carricd on in connection “ilil





l.‘lll‘illntl \\ul'l\' of tlic lu-partment. It

.lrl in fur: Iw uiidcsiruhlc for a largcr





«i tl'll‘. wt till) food matcriui to be ab‘

.ilmi llmll wa: the case with the cheese.

luxictoiuw chm-5c has Scldoin bet-n re-

il.l.‘<!ttl powwow} by consumcrs of any

.;i it. it... l’mlctl States as :1 possible

~-o~.to .‘lillnv Mwl ,\ll consutiicrs 0f

tim- 4c \tith w»: 1.2. t-xccptions use it

.w .1 luxury in small quantities at coin-

i».iv;.tivcly rurc llllt'l»’.tir~‘ \\'hilc in the

:~L’i’lt‘gi1l(‘ :i luz'gc «,uu .ll!) of Vilt‘t'HL‘ is

idltfll in the I'nitcd Status, thc quantity

llt‘Vt‘l‘th’it‘HH utmost llt‘fliluliilt‘ wilt-n



. 'i.l~;lli.‘(i with some othcr products of

lood value llliti inferior palatahility.

"c greater part of tlic cliccsc con—

v..! in this country is cutcn without



\ m. partition. \xliilc in many I'Iuropcun

.5..- lilt‘ chm-5c is t-ithcr spriitklctl



.t rlltc: foods \‘cgctultlcs usuulltwfior is

« ... cd with the food. .-\uicrican:~' cvi-

-~r::ly have lunch to lcarn from l-luro-

fl'Jr-i of some of the possibilitics of pre-

2‘“th such dishes. A nutulwr ot‘ I-Ittt'o-

twin varictics of chceac arc mudc cxtcn-





\.\t'i.\' um] cxcluuivcly for usc in connec—

ln‘l‘. with other foods or in cooking.

intong thcsz‘ is thc well—know. l‘arme-

Still. a hard t‘ili't‘Se mailc t'l‘niu skim-milk:





M“. also thc sap sago chm-so, a small

t».iiii.-al—.~zll;.pnt clieeSc inmlt- from skim-

int; and highly St‘liNvllt-ri with herbs.

'JJ‘ ltzlllunu use chu-cw for flavoring ‘as





, tot-rivans use salt and pepper, having it

,1 tlt‘tl and constantly at hand in it small

--:..il,cr. \\'ith them macaroni with cheese



It common dish. as: arc othcr cheese

trcparations. An cxccllcnt dish is the

tE-ccse omclct. while warmcd—up potatoes:

. l'; he madc Vcry appetizing \x‘hcn cookcti

.~ ith chccse.



It may bc, pcrhaps. that thc American

pimple have gone so far in tlic consump-





lit!) 0! partly ripcncd and iuild-tluvorcd

.hccsc that tho [ti‘nlillltlllllfN of lcarning

to use cheese as a tIaVoring am very

lt‘I“Hli‘, as it is only the well-ripcncd or

lichly flavored chm-Hes that arc satisfac-

' A; for flavoring purposcs. It is pcrhaps



nutter for Sonic rcgt'ct that Sn much





‘l:I~tlavorctl chum? has come to be used,

probable that much morc satis-

t« tton Would be felt by consunmrs in

:‘n-iicral with this great food product if

had lcurned to like the well~ripencd

product ulth a wcll—dcvelopcd flavor. It

r. ccncrally conccdcd that people who

highly—flavored cheese never be—

lll‘t-tt (if it.

comparison of the food value of

with that of other highly nitro—

m-rous‘ food mntcrials may be of inter-

tw‘linfz Vliiltf‘. No kind of meat excepting

(Irlwl th'f carries such a large percent—

Mic of protein as cheese, and as dried

l. -t' I'tttttlllnS a much greater perccntage

w" wutcr. thc other food constitucnts

:tw'llc from tho protcin are much less than

is found in chm-so. Fresh beef as pur-

chased has, weight for weight, little more

than half the food value of cheese in

e-ithcr protein or fat, and the same is

true of practically all other fresh meats,

which have in many cases such a large

percentage of water that they are notice-

ably inferior to cheese in food value.

Bacon or fat pork are exceptions, but

their food value is mostly in the fat,





ll in





i.‘~\'





l-|.c :i





comr-





t l-ccsc





whichcan be and infircplcced to a. great

extent by the carbohydrates of vegetables

at a much less cost and sometimes per?

haps at a benefit .to the health' of the

consumer. Fish and pork each have a

notably large percentage of refuse, while

eggs have a high percentage of water.

To sum the matter up, a pound of cheese

hasncarly the same food value as two

pounds of fresh beef or any other fresh

mcut as food; it is worth as much as or

more than a pound of ham and is more

digestible, and it is equal to two pounds

of rugs or thrce pounds of fish. In price





good chccsc made from unskimmed milk

cost; about a third more than round

stca: and twicc as much as the cheaper





boiling bcci‘, \\‘lliiC it costs practically the

sumo per pound as smoked ham and ba-

con. It costs usually a third more than

fresh fish.



Cottage choose or cheese made from

partially skimmcd milk is cheaper even

than the American or Cheddar cheese.

The first costs about one-third as much

and the partly skimmed product, about

two-thirds as much as the so-called “full

crcam" cheese. Practically the only food

product that rivals cheese in food value

and chcapncss is dried beans.



In view of the foregoing comparison of

food values it is a matter of some wonder





why there is not more of a demand for

cheese, especially by people of limited

moans. Estimates made by the Depart—





ntcnt of Agriculture, in the twenty-second

and Monty-sixth annual reports of dairy

llut‘cau and in bulletin 55 of the Bureau

of Statistics. show that the people of the

I'nited States consume between 169 and

lb; pounds of meat annually per capita,

besides fish and poultry, while the an-

lltllll consumption of cheese is only about

foul pounds per capita. Evcn granted

that frcsh meats are more palatable to

most people. some other explanation must

be found for this wide difference in the

quantity of the two products eaten. A

great proportion of the laboring class in

this country are able to eat plenty of

wholcsmnc food, but they can not afford

to discriminate against a. cheap, pala-

tublc, and \tliolcsome food in favor of a

higher-priced food. The only way to ac-

count for the comparatively limited de-

mand for cheese is on the basis of cus-

tom and luck of knowledge. People usu—

ally out what they have been accustomed

to, making variations withing narrow

limits only, and never changing the gen-





cml character of their food. New foods

are not sought.

In this connection particular interest





attaches to the quantity of salt or cured

pork products eaten in comparison with

cliccse. Curcd pork, ham, and bacon, to

about scvcn times the value of cheese are

(‘lltcll annually. No one can say that the

port. products, with the exception of

good hum, are more palatable than cheese,

and they are not known’ to be more

liculthful. These pork products are usu-

ally czltcll by the poorer classes who can

not :ltTortl to buy fresh meat but who

could afford to buy cheese, and cheese

makes a better food in the dietary, be-

cause of its high protein content.



(‘hccse can no longer be discriminated

against because of a Suspicion that it is

not a licalthful food. The absolute lack

of any disturbance of the general health

of the subjects used in the experiments

rcported in circular 166 of the U. S. Bu—

rcau of Animal Industry, is proof that

chccsc can be eaten in large quantities

without danger to health. The Swiss

chcesemakcrs, also many of the Swiss

farmcrs of southern \Visconsin, eat un—

usually large quantities of cheese, and

they are noted for athletic attainments

and physical endurance. They brought

the custom of eating ,cheese from their

native country, where cheese is a very

important item in the diet. The consum-

ing public. cspccially that part of it which

needs to practice economy in buying

food, would do well to turn its attention

a little, more toward cheese, since greater

quantities can be used at a saving to the

consumer.



Tho foregoing is a summary of. work

done in the interest of cheese manufac-

turers and consumers made by the gov-





ernment, and we give the matter full

space here, believing it to have an eco-

nomic bearing upon the farmer as well

as upon the workingmen of cities.





Home \Vaterworks. By Carleton .T.

Lyndc, professor of physics in Macdonald

College, Quebec. The securing and in-

troduction of water into the houses and

out-buildings of rural places, and allied

subjects are among the titles of chapters

in this volume. The explanations are.

clear and to the point and will enable the

ordinary layman to understand by aid of

the many illustrations, how the different

provisions for handling fresh and waste

water about the home are installed. Con-

tains 275 pages. Cloth, 75 cents per copy.

Sturgis & Walton, New York.





THE MICHIGAN FARME‘R.





 

 





 





wmrvou wn‘ .t. sue."

By Letting Us ~ .

Deliver, Set lip and Start





. A 'SHARPLES





Tubular Cream Separator

In Your Home, FREE.





hit with you for thorough tree trial. You

pay no freight. pay nothing in advance, 0 to

no trouble, take no risk or responsib y.





You will see the Dairy Tubular _is later than





THER





'E'E'sr FOR





.—





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 

   

 





 





 





 

 





 





 





 





 





 





and different from all others. Twnce the skim- Ohio Farmer, Guaranteed One 1.000

ming iorce. chs no disks or other contrap- Giovanna. oh! and Circulation Line Lines

tionls. Skifins fasttetil twnce (Bate 60¢ per ine.) 200 000 s 85 8 72}

as c an. epea e y pays _ _

, for ifselt by saving what Michigan Farmer, '

others lose. Built in the Detroit, Mich.

only known way for over- (Rate 400 per line.)

somijng thte manytfaartt?1 and Home and F .

1521 van ages 0 o ers. arm,

Patented. , Cannot be Louisville, Ky. 101'330 '60 '45

imitated. In world-wide

use many years. Indiana Farmer, 46

MN“ You can afford Indianapolis, Ind. ’110 '25 '20

The World's Best-because it Br (1 , G u

wearsaliietime.isguaranteed 9° “3 "a 6’. 85,984 .50 .50

futaever lbjy fimeritzta's oldtest Chicago, Ill.

an wor 's igges separa or II ”,3 Dair mm

concern. Butyou cannotaiiord 0“ 7 ’ 50 000 .30 .28

any "mafiltagdetil'" or othert(so Ft.Atklnou, Wis. ’ ’«l

ca 6 c ea “para 0" Wisconsin Agri-

because suc machines

lose cream and last about culturalist, 62’615 '30 '27

one year on the average. nacho, Wis.

Your present separator, no .

matter what make, taken in Tho "m“,

Dan payment for a Tubular ' St ““11 Minn. 140’000 '60 '55

Write for Wallace’s Farmer j ,

catalogue Des Motnes, la. , 05.000 .80 327%

i“ L513?" d Kansas Farmer

ree

Topeka. in...’ 53,661 .25 .25

THE. SHARPLES SEPARATOR co. Oklahma “m

. WEST OIIEBTEolrLPfi. Journal,

111., s F I

Ohlmo-Tmntgj-ngc mimfix’ mfg-d- on- Oklahoma. Okla. 1.300 .20 .20

- Field and Farm, '

Denver. Col. 81,090 .15 .13

Town & Country '

San Francisco. 40.329 .35 -23





SWEET or SOUR.

We can use all you have.

For ohurni urpoeeu.

Shi to us. 8 pay highest market price.

088 on eve ah mont.

Reference~ irst ational Bank of Detroit.





MEDINA COUNTY GBEAHEIIY 00.,





74 Wool Congress St, Don-oil, Mich.





GALVE





fields.





 





RAISE THEM WITHOUT MILK.

BOOKLIT FREE.

J. E. IARTLETT, 00.. Jackson, Mich.





 





 





 





 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 





:BEST FOR THE READER





IFORI





THE ADVERTISER





Arranged according to location, reading

' from east to west.





923,444 $4.55 $4.069;

These publications are conceded to be the

authoritative farm papers of their individual

For further information address

GEORGE W. HERBERT.

Western Represen tative,F‘irst National Bank

Building, CHICAGO, ILL.





WALLACE C. RICHARDSON. Inc”

Eastern Regresentutive. 41 Park Row.

N W YORK CITY.





 





 





 





 





MAKE mun mm nu:





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Box 307 St. Johns. Michigan.

SAVES Y0"





GALLOWAY “on...





AVE from 850 to 8300 by buying yOur gasoline engine oilfltnflhorse-power from



a real engine factory. Save dealer, jobber and catalogue house profit. No such otter



. as I make on the class of engine I sell has ever been made before in all Gasoline Engine



history. Here is the secret and reason: I turn them out all alike by the thousands in my



cnormous modern factory. equipped with automatic machinery. I sell them direct to you

for less money than some factories can make them at actual shop cost.



All you pay me for is actual raw material, labor and one mull profit (and I buy my

material in enormous quantities).



Anybody can aflord and might just as well have a high grade engine when he

can get in on a wholesale deal oi this kind. I'm doing something that never was

done before. Think of itl A price to you that is lower than dealers and

Jobbers cairbuy similar engines for. in mrload lots, for spot: cash.



An engine that is made so good in the factory that I will send

it out anywhere in the U. 5. without an expert to any inexperienced

users, on 30 days' free trial, to test against any engine made of

Slmlm'th-DOWET that cells for twice as much. and let him

be tthudge. Soil your poor.“ lion. and buy 0





5-0.4». only $119.50





 





aet'





 





FREE





showing how I ma):

gasoline engine on the farm.





Wm. Galloway, Pro...





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





‘ . .l .x‘ t I



Galloway’s

Blggest and Best

553%" BOOK

Write today for my beautiful new 50-min Engine Book in four

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e them and how you can

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moze money with I





Wm. Galloway 00.





845 Galloway Slalom Wat-Moo, Iowa





 





 





 





Material used for Sewer Pipe.

for grain tanks.

Write at once for free booklet.





 





 





It. lasts always.

ing Clamp Gives Great. Strength. Blocks are successfully used

Silage keeps perfectly clear up to the wall.

Dow not absorb moisture. Better than cement. .





You Gan Insure Against





Storm, Fire, Decay, Trouble, Vexation and

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made of Patented Hollow Blocks of Vitrifie





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HUNTINGTON, INDIANA. _





d Clay, the same

Our intérlock-
‘are about the size of a navy bean or a





 





ram 29'. 1911.

GlLT--EDGED FARM BUTTER.





 





In producing'an article the main Object ‘





should be quality and not always quan-

tity, for at the present and in the future

an article that is put on the market must

equal the best, or competition will reduce

the price to the cost of producing. Hence

the producer’s ambition should. be to pro-

duce an article of the best quality. I

know of nothing where requirements

must be held to more strictly than in

butter making. There is a large amount

of inferior butter put on the market; but

it is a hard matter to deceive consumers

the second time. When they purchase an

inferior grade once they will not do so

again, hence the producer of poor butter

is always looking for a market while the

producer of first—class, gild-cdge butter

has no trouble in continuing to sell to the

same customer.



There are several causes for producing

poor butter. Sometimes it can be traced

to the barn in which the cows are kept,

or it may lie in the way the milk is

handled or in not properly caring for the

milk vessels or in the washing of the but—

ter after it is churned. Cleanliness with

everything that comes in contact with

the milk is one of the most essential

factors to be considered in the making of

pure butter, beginning at the barn and

not stopping until the butter is on the

market. The barn in which I keep my

milch cows is kept‘as clean and in as

good sanitary condition as it is possible

for me to keep it and before the cows

are pailed each one gets a thorough

cleaning with the comb and brush. This

precaution is taken for two reasons; first,

it is essential to secure pure butter, and

second, it is good for the cow’s health

and well-being. By cleaning the cow’s

coat perfectly clean before milking it

prevents any dirt or trash that might be

sticking to her from falling into the milk

pail. I also keep a wet cloth for the pur-

pose of dampening the cow’s udder be-

fore milking. This is done to keep loose

hairs from falling. There are a great

many who consider the task of milking a

disagreeable and filthy one and, in fact,

it is, if everything is not properly ar-

ranged as it should be; but if the barn

is kept clean, the cows brushed and the

milker clean himself, the task of milking

i " b E‘fa disagreeable one. Before I

begin , ing 1' always wash my hands

and see [that there is no dirt on my

clothing. '



The care of milk vessels is another one

of the essentials in good butter making.

After «I have used milk pans, cans, strain-

ers, pails, separator, and even tho churn,

I do not set them away until they are

needed again before washing them, but

instead I wash them immediately after

using; first rinsing them out in cold “at-

or and then scalding them out with boil—

ing water, using a washing powder to

clean them perfectly, after which I scald

them again and then set them away in

the sun and air to dry. I never like to





 





keep my milking utensils in a damp place '





or where they will be exposed to any

kind of trash blowing on them, a shelf

put up outside the milk house and where

the sun will have free access to it, the

shelf to be tightly screened in, is a de-

sirable place to keep milk vessels.





The churning is a matter of great im- ‘

portance in manufacturing a good quality ,





article. It is of much importance to know

just when to stop the churn. For best

resulw in freeing the granules from the

buttermlik and thoroughly

salt with the butter is when the granules





grain of coffee: After the milk is well

drained from the butter granules, water

should be added of about the same tem-

perature as the buttermilk. Give the

churn four or five revolutions vcry slowly

so that the water will come in contact

with the butter and wash out the remain—

ing buttermilk, if the barrel churn is

used the butter may be salted in the

churn, usually about one ounce of salt

to each pound of butter is sufficient, and

by giving the churn four or five more

revolutions the salt will become thor-

oughly mixed with the butter. Then let

stand for some 15 or 20 minutes before

working the butter, in order to let the

salt fully dissolve. After the salt and

butter are thoroughly mixed the butter

is then ready for working. Place the

butter in the butter bowl and begin by

vigorously working the butter with the

butter paddle and work it until it is of

the proper fineness and the milk and

water is removed from the butter. I then

mold my butter in one—pound packages

and wrap in parchment paper, when it

is then ready for the market. ‘





mixing the .





n'





‘ ~ ,, l I . I .

THE MICI‘HGAN FAR;MER. . (6)





 





   





Separators





De Laval the Logical Leader





 





It is not due to any mere stroke of luck or freak of.

circumstances that the De Laval Cream Separator

has maintained first place in the esteem of cream

producers ever since its invention in 1878. There is

a xenon for everything if we but know it and there

are many reasons why the De Laval is now and always

has been the best cream separator.





 

 

 

 





De Laval the First Practical Separator





 

 





Dr. De Laval invented the first successful continuous

cream separator because he had worked :harder, was

better informed, and knew more about the centrifugal

separation of crezun from milk than any other man

who had attempted it.



Starting with this advantage the Do Laval Company

has maintained its lead in the improvement; and dc—

velopment of the separator, step by step from year to

year, because it has always had an organization better

equipped in every way to build the best. separator than

any one or all of its would-be competitors combined.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





World-Wide De Laval Organization





 





The De Laval organization extends the world ovcr,

with a number of the finest and largest shops in tho

World in America, Sweden, (icrmany, Franco, Austria

Russia and other countries. Every one of these shops

is devoted solely to the building of separators. Thcir

manufacture is not simply incidental to that of sonic-

ihing clsc, as is the case on the part of every Would—be

compciitor. No other separator shops compare with

ihcm in size, equipment or volume of production.

Thoy produce more separators in a day than any com-

pciiior in a week or most of them in a month.





 

 

 

 

 

 





THE DE LAVAL





165- 167 Broadway

NEW YORK





 





CHICAGO





 





173-177—VV—llllum'8treot

“NTREAL WINNIPEG





 





 





 





has





 





Today that confidence is even stronger,

than ever.

shown a practical improvement possible.





The best proof of how Studebaker service is

appreciated is shown by the fact that the Studebaker

plant covers over 101 acres of ground—the largest

vehicle factories in the world.





If you want the wagon of perfect design, cor-



rect proportion, matchless strength, finest



appearance, longest life and lightest draft,



call on the Studebaker dealer and

choose from his display.





THE STUDEBAKER CORPORATION





SOUTH BEND, INDIANA.





Why DE LAVAL Cream





De Laval Designers MostlExperienced





All important Cream Separator Patents

Controlled by De Laval Company





‘ have naturally been covered by paicnis, numbering





De Laval Used Almost Exclusively by

Creameries and Butter Factories





II He Laval catalog or any desired separator information will gladly he, sent for the asking.





SEPARATOR COMPANY





295E. Madison Strec t





14 6:. 16 Princess Street





Millions Know the Value

of That Name on a Wagon

For the past sixty years the STUDEBAKER





dence in Studebaker value, and in Studebaker

service, has been handed down from father to son.





because STUDEBAKER wagons are better

Year by year improvements have been made wherever constant watchfulness has





The one word—Quality‘explains Studebaker supremacy.

of wOrkmanship has sent STUDEBAKER wagons to every civilized land.





k

‘ Adv. N o. 1431 ’





Are Best





Tho Dc Laval organization of separator scientists,

cxpcris, cnginccrs, designers, practical manufacturers

and skillcd Workmen of all classes, not only in one

country but a half dozen, is unapproachcd by all

would-b0 competitors combined. The Do Laval Crcam

Scpziraior as we know it, today is the ('olnpUFlW pro—

duction of ihcso men of many shops and many

countrics, tho amalgamation of thc longcst and best

separator cxpcriencc in tho world.





Morcovcr, the principal features devised in ihccon-

s1 ruciion and dm‘clopmcnt of the Do Laval machines





scvcrzll hundred in all, so that, however grcat thcir

knowlcdgc of De Laval machines, Would-be com-

pciiiors have bccn compelled to utilize means of con—

struction which would avoid infringement of those

pziicnis, and thus forced to adopt less eiiicicnt and

lcss desirablemcihods until certain De Laval patents

had cxpircd, by which time the construction covered

by such patents had bccn discarded and abandoned or

i'urthcr improved in the course of Do Laval progress.





That, briefly, is why lie Laval Cream separators have

maintained ihcir suprcmacy, l'cgardlcss of ono com-

pcivitor or anothcr, increasing thcir sale year by your

until their alrcudy ncarly universal use in largcr sizcs

by crcamcrics, buiicr factorics and milk stations is

rapidly liccoining as general in the farm and dairy

likewise, and for the self—same reasons.





Drumm .1: Sacramento Sta.





SAN FRANCISCO

1016 “'cstern Avenue

SEATT E





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





set the standard in Farm Wagons. Confi—





Quality of material and Quality





 





 





r





“The F armer’s Friend”—Free





We have a book called “The Farmer’s

Friend’VWhich illustrates and describes the

Studebaker wagons in detail and explains why

they are the most economical to buy. Send

your name and address and we will mail you

the book free and give you the name of the

Studebaker dealer nearest you.





 





 





J





 





 





We Have An Opening

We will





instructive and will teach you a business.





entire time.

work hard is.





 





,Illinois. L. G. JOHNSON.





who can either give their entire time or a part of their time to us.





DO You Want Profitable Work?





for Several Men

The work is pleasant and

pay weekly salary and expenses to those





devoting their entire time and pay for time spent at our work to those who cannot give their

Steady work all year IS assured. Experience is not necessary, but a willingness to

In answering state how much time you can give us, also give references.





Box 207 F, care of THE MICHIGAN FARMER, Detroit.





Address
494 (6)





LLlVE STOCK





l would like to ask through your paper

what feeds would make a balanced ra-

tion for a farm team weighing 1,400 lbs.

each, and for a team 500 lbs. heavier and

lighter. Also, for a mare raising a colt

and doing some work. I have timothy

and clover mixed hay, which would you

prefer, and whole or ground grain? \Vould

1 need to change grain ration when 011'

good pasture?



S. N.





Sanilac Co.



There is really no better combination

of feeds for farm horses than good clean

mixed hay and oats. Where oats are

uot available, or where they are relatively

higher in price than'corn as the basis of

the ration, a mixture of six parts corn,

one part oil meal, two parts bran, by

weight, and as many oats as may be de—

sired makes a very well balanced grain

ration, of which a less quantity will be

required by weight than. of oats where

fed as the exclusi‘ie grain ration.



The amount which should be 'fed de-

pends altogether upon the work which

the horses are called upon to do. It is

ll very poor plan to fix a standard ration

which is fed to the horse at all times,

whether heavy or light work is to be

dorm, or while. standing in the stable.

‘t‘t'hcn the farm horses are, called upon to

do heavy or continuous labor they should

be fed accordingly, but when their work

is light, or when they are standing in the

stable for even a few days at a time, the

;.r:iin ration slit-uld be decreased accord-

r‘erious attacks of zucoturia are not

where horses are fed heavily

comparatively short idle-

probable that more horses,

horses, suffer from in-

sutlicient food than from an excess of

grain in the ration. However, it requires

:1 considerable degree of intelligence and

skill to feed a team for boat results in

work, and at the same time keep them in

good condition throughout the, season.

’ihen there is considerable difference in

I easy to lay down a





     





FEEDERS’ PROBLEMS.





 





inst}.

uncommon

during even a

ness. it is

especially farm





ii'nlividuals. It is





tuneral rule, but such a rule cannot be

applied to all indiv’idual cases.

.\ great deal of experimental work has





lwen done and a scientific basis has been

for computing the heoretical

ration which should be fed to horses at

various kinds of work. But for practical

purposes experience and observation are.

:i sutl'icient guide for the feeding of farm

teams. As a general prm'iosition, a horse

at ordinary farm work should receive

tron.- 12 to H lbs. of cats, or its equiva-

lent. per day. with a liberal allowance of

mixed hay as roughage. l.ittle change

should be made in the grain ration when

the horses. are on grass, although there

is some question about the economy of

pastui'ing work horses for any consider-

able length of time during the period of

lienvy work upon the farm. The mainte-

rintce ration for an ordinary horse would

«onsist of about 7» lbs. of oats, or its

t tuivalent, with a moderate feed of

ii‘lXt‘d hay. '



The ration for





estii blishcd





the brood mare should

he, a little narrower in its content of

nutrients than for the work team. About

l to 7 being the accepted standard for the

lillOI‘. Also the brood mare will require

more liberal feeding if called upon to

perform an equal amount of with

the other horses.



in a sense, good

and not made, but

lcrse and will give the matter a little at—

tention can become an expert in feeding

I r the performance of a maximum

amount of work, and the maintenance of

the animals in good condition.



A Ration for the Growing Pigs.



\‘t c are feeding a small lot of pigs, far-

:‘~I‘.‘.’ctl about .lan. titli last, and they are

doing nicely on skim—milk and iniddlings,

around oats and a little oil meal, a little

torn between meals. \Vc have some blood

f‘tt'fll; would it be well to feed them some

it‘ that? How much‘.‘ l’igs weigh about

it) to 7.“. lbs. (Tan blood meal be, used \‘.‘llll

lenetit and safety for growing calves?



J _





work





('tll‘O- til hers are born





any man who likes a,





Ottawa (To. .

The. ration that is being.r fed to these.

oigs is well' calculated to push their





growth and keep them in a thrifty con—

dition. The corn fed will balance up the

irotein in the skim—milk, and should be

fed in proportions ranging from one to

three pounds of skim—milk to one pound

of corn for most economical results, vary-

ing the amount of corn within these lini-

its according to the age of the pigs. The

middlings, being a well balanced feed in

themselves will not disturb the balance

ot‘ the ration and may be fed in quanti-

ties suited to the age of the pigs and the

relation of cost as compared with other





Zane-man. luau, a“; ’na -.. cw.





 





 





THE MICHIGAN PARMBR?‘ ? .1 7 V,





'



feeds. The ground oats with a little oil

meal adde’d will also make a well bal-

anced factor in the ration, so that the

combination of these feeds in the ration

may be varied to suit convenience or

economy as the pigs get older, although

there is no doubt that the pigs will make

better gains upon a variety of feeds such.

as has been supplied to them than they

would upon a more limited diet, since

the combination is at once more palatable

and will be better digested and assimi-

lated than will be the case where even a

balanced ration made up of but one or

two grains is fed to them.



If blood meal is to be fed 'to the pigs,

it should be fed in connection with corn.

mea or some other carbonaceous grain,

since. blood meal is very high in its con-

tent of protein, and as there is already

enough protein in the ration being fed as

above described, it would not be economi—

cal to add any considerable quantity of

blood meal to it, unless corn or other

starchy grains are used as the. base of

the ration. Blood meal contains mote

than 50 per cent of protein and is easily

digestible. The ration for the pigs should

at the start have a nutritive ratio of

about 1:4, and should be gradually wid-

ened until when the pigs weigh 100 lbs.

it may be 1:; and, at 200 lbs. weight, may

profitably be widened to 1:6. \Vith these

tigures as a basis we find that for mature

hogs where some skim-milk and mid-

dlings are used 100 lbs. of blood meal to

1,000 lbs. of corn will make a fairly well

balanced ration. \Vhere the pigs are

about 100 lbs. weight it would give about

the. right balance to the .ration to feed

100 lbs. of this meal to 800 lbs. of corn,

providing there were not an excess of

protein in the other feeds made a factor

in the ration. 'l'lut for best results it





 





Would probably be better to limit the

feeding of blood meal to about 10 per

cent of the corn fed in the ration, and

make up any deficiency required to bail-

ante up the ration by the use of other

protein t'ct-ds, such as are mentioned in





The writer has never used

blood meal, but has used tankage in

practically the proportions above men-

tioned with excellent results with grow-

ing pigs. ’l’he amount of nitrogenous

concentrates needed to balance up the

r-ition will be considerably reduced if

(lover or alt‘ult‘a pasture is available in

the sunniier season, and if clover or al-

falfa hay is made a factor in the ration

during the winter season.

Summer Pasture for the Sheep.



What I sow on rye in the spring

that will make pasture for sheep after

harvest? I intend to seed to clever.



Montcalm Co. \V. J. C.



it will be ditlicult to sow any crop in

the rye this spring that will make good

pasture fer the sheep after harvest. Rape

may be drilled in, but it will not make a

rank growth and will not furnish as

much feed after harvest as would be the

(use if sown with oats where it would

have an equal chance with the grain

crop in getting a start. The best thing





this inquiry.





 





can





to do in a case of this kind where sum-"





be short is to sow an‘

summer feed if the

ground is available, or pasture the rye-

t‘or a time this spring, then plow the

land and sow to rape while the sheep are

grass pasture. In this





pasture will

rape for





mer

area of





running on the





way the rape will make a growth whicir -





Will afford good summer pasture, while

the sheep are on the grass pasture, and

if the ticlds are accessible to the flock at





the same time after the rape reaches a

suitable size, the combination will make

tire. best possible sheep pasture during





the season when it is most needed by the.

flock.





STANDARD DELAINE MERINO SHEEP

BREEDERS‘ ASSOClATION.



The annual meeting of the Standard

Delainc Merino Sheep Breeders‘ Associa~

tion was held at Ann Arbor, l\’[icli., on

April 20. The reports of the secretary

and treasurer show the. asociation to

have. been reorganized during the past

year, and to be now in a good growing

Condition, with money in the treasury.



Resolutions protesting against the re—

moval of the tariff on wool and against

action by congress prior to the report of





the tariff board were unanimously

adopted.

The association was strengthened by





the addition of the membership of the

France association.



Officers were elected as follows: A. G.

Wood, Saline, Mich, president; E. N.

Ball. Hawburg, Mich, vice—president; R.

M. \‘Vood, Saline, Mich, secretary-treas-

urer; E. C. Cover, Ohio, and C. V. Well-

man, New York, directors—«R. M. Wood,

secretary. .





 





 





Home

Family





Saved





One





 





 





' " Arum 29. 1911, .V





* \‘4





 





.———__





 





flTe-s





 





Not a miracle. No home protected as this one is ever was destroyed





by lightning. It is tnade safe by





The DODD SYSTEM





of Lightning Protection





now About Your Home?

_ — — w

Are you still taking chances?





Can you afford to risk the lives of your

dear-ones and.your property, when you

can insure their safety for avsmall sum of





money invested Once in your lifetime?





You insure against fire to receive com-





pensation in case of loss.





Safety is better than compensation.

And remember, there is no compensation





for life taken by lightning.





The Safe. Sure Way.





Get safety frOm lightning and fire in..

surance, too. They go hand in hand. Get:

both for the cost of one. Lightning causes

nearly all country fires. The Dodd System

controls and prevents lightning.



Insurance companies grant low rates of

insurance on buildings protected by the

Dodd System. The decreased cost of

fire insurance quickly repays the cost of

your lightning rods, erected once for all.





The Lesson 23‘ Insurance Companies





Over 2000 Fire Insurance Companies





of buildings by the Dodd System, because it is to their interest to do so.





specially endorse and urge the protection

The





Dodd System of lightning rods prevents all lightning losses, which means preven-





tion of three fourths of all fire losses.





Our men are trained and skilled. They are able to rod your buildings correctly.





That is all—important.





Our personal, binding guarantee is issued to you on their





Work. Don’t wait until it is too late. _Send today for fine, large book on lightning,

Gives Prof. Doddfs great lecture, many vivid

Free.





its laws and how to control it.





lightning scenes, resolutions of insurance companies, guarantee, etc.





& STRUTHERS





429 Sixth Avenue

Des Moiues, Iowa





DODD





 





BenIamln

Franklin

Originator of

Lightn in:

Control.





 





 





Who Perfected >

the Dodd

System.





 





 





GAL-VA—N





The day of shingle roofing has passed.





spect.





and knife.

rections.





 





ST. PAU I.





THE MODERN ROOFING





they replaced ancient; thatched roofs, but; the

found to be deficient for all around roofing.

constant attention or the roof would soon be full of leaks.

Today GAL-VA-NITE is the modern roofing.

replaced shmgles~has proved superior to them in every re-

And it; is far less expensive—costs less and lasts longer.

GAlu-VA-NITE is made of heavy wool felt—water-

proofed With three coats of pure mineral asphalt and finished

With a heavy “armor plating” of flaked mica.

or blow off—it. makes good in any climate.

_ GAL-VA-NITE comes in rolls all ready to lay. No

skilled labor is required, anyone can lay it with a hammer

Each roll contains nails, lap cement and full di-





. GAL-VA-NITE is for saleb most lumber dealers.

(Look for the sign “Ford’s Galva

er in your town has no supply, write us and ask for “The

Inside Of An Outside Propositon.”





FORD MFG. COMPANY





ST. LOUIS »





   





TE er





Shingles Were popular years ago when

were soon

T ey required





It has?





It. cannot rot.





   





night") If the deal-





CHICAGO





.0 Thousands -





 

 





 

 

   

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 





 

   





 





 





 





 





We have no Traveling Agents. Your Wool goes directly to the mlll. We buy from the





rower and sell direct; to the manulacturor.

ur all





sllod customer. number many thousands.





OUR IDEA!





From the Grower Direct to the Mill.





Wflfll 7°





Middle-

Profit.





We have been in the wool business forty years.

Save one to three cents per pound by





shipping to us. We supply Bags and Tags. and will be glad to send you our Price-List, "More





Money for Your Wool."





Try us and see. We Want Flvo Million Pounds.





Don’t sell a pound





till you hear from 118. Ask your nearest Banker to tell you as to our financial res ousibil'

Our "Shophords' Frlond and Guldo." sent; absolutely free for the asking. Thi’siis. a book wollt‘tlli





thousands of dollars to any sheep grower.





Write for it today. Address.





WEIL BROS.& (30., Box K, FORT WAYNE, INDIANA.





Established 1871.





cuii-iwuoomoo Pull. ‘





F





 





 





 





When Writing to “venison mention the Michigan Farmer ‘ g ' I





\
”I‘M!





--





 





 





 





APRIL 29,1911.





Home 1‘ Owners Should- U00

GOKBAULT’B-





austlc

Balsam





The Great French Veterinary Remedy.





‘ SAFE sorrov AIIII

A POSITIVE cons.





’—

Prepared





lextelu‘slivfi-

y . .

(Sombuuic

GX-Veteri—

nary Sur—

geonto the





 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 





Govern-

ment Stud





_

SUPERSEDES ALI. OAIJTERY OR FIRING





[mp0 sszble tog roduce any scar or blemish. The





881' slanGStf lia‘te!| dever used. Takes egg £3,112:





dfor severe action.

oall llBl cheseorl':lmis for mi; from Horses or Catt .

u NFEMED for Rheuma lam,

:prain§.oA hroat, BY. .,itis ml





that one tslflespooni’u

WE GUARANTEE clAUlSTIO BA msg#16110

so no]

"$333331:-spavmouretmmm"32:13.1. a;

ti of Cause a Balsam so a Mama

aggrgigg‘ssgisfact 1,0111. e xi) regs, c1133. 3331021128111]!

3 $313333???” Beard for descriptive circulars.

testimonia s. etc. 685

THE LAWRENCE-WILLIAMS 00., Cleveland. Ohio





NEWTON’S : HEAVE

°Ei’€ In BIEEEIISE" C U R E

, _ The Standard Veterinary; Remedy. ~





51 years sale. Send or

booklet. ,





 





 





SAFE TO USE

XENOILIGNOD JESSIE





DEAT TO HEAVEs





The ilrsi or second $1.00 can cures Heaves. The third

can Is guaranteed to cure or money rciunded.

$1.00 pet can at dealers, or express prepaid.





THE NEWTON REMEDY C0” Toledo. Ohio





You Can't Out Out diggiiéfioghnmd’





 





 





“1:13:61! them on permanently, and you

0 horse same time. D n t





 

 

 

   

 

 





.‘1blist or remove the hair.

~' bottle. delivered. Book4 E ree

AB SOB , JR., linimcnt fer

. mankind, reduces Varicose Veins Rup-

‘1 t.G111redd Migcggs orgfigamegltst, Enjlialiiged

an s o res ens, ys s bays

Esters “to, pain quick]. Price 81. 00 and $2. 00 a bot-

tle at druggists or del vered. Will tell you more

11 you write. Manufactured only by





W.F.YOUNG. P.D. F..288Temnle St.,Snrlnnfield.Nlau.

E N GI N ES





‘END for our free





fi/‘ml S catalog and in-

5" 1k, {31; teresting booklets.

'5 V“ "” Don’t _buy an en-

gine until you know

how you can bcuo-

fit yourself and

savelinoney by buy-

log t 10 rchai lo ()1 l

—30 years the standard of the 11' orld J ( S





SEAGER ENGINE WORKS,

915 Walnut 51., LANSING, MIcH.





 





GASOLINE





     





 





 





111E LARGEST AND BEST LINE or





WELL DRILLING





MACHINERY have been maul:-





ing it for over 20 years. Do not buy until you

see Our new Illustrated Catalogue No.14. Send

foritnow. ItisfiFR EE.





Austin Manufacturing 00., Chicago





Percheron, Belgian, Shire and

Hackney Stallions and Mares





As flue lot as there is in America 3 to 4 19am old,

with lots of unlity and good iudi1iduais, weighing

or maturing]. 11:50” o2200]b



Prices on Imported Stallions. $1.000 to $1. 200.

American Bred Stall llions. $600 18900.1u1por-

tations to arrive Feb 18 and March 1st.



LEW W. COCHRAN. Crawfordsville, Ind.

Office 109% South Washington St.





Belgian, Proheron and Shire





‘ Siallions and Brood Mares





I0 head of prize- -winnners

to arrive March . Plenty

of mares in foal. A guar-

antee with each animal.





Prices reasonable.





LOESEII 3808., importers,

Dept. M, ngonler. Ind.





in America.





 





 





 





 





EGIBTERED PEROHERONB FOR SALE—1 mn re

oolm mg 2 yrs old and dlstallion coming 1 11-. old.

both blooky greys. . M. A. BRAY, Okemos, Mich.





BELGIAN1E1 HORSES. mifili’é‘é‘fifififi





Horses writell. 0 gen.





 





 





 





 





 





THE MICHIGAN





Losses AMONG THE PIGS.





It may not be considered best to talk





veryléarnedly about the wisdom of lock—

ing the barn after \the horse has been

stolen but it would be very unwise to not

try to undertake to devise means by

which losses could be prevented in the

future One who submits to losses from

the same causes, year after year, without

seeking to prevent them, neglects a duty

which he owes to himself and his busi—

ness.



Reports have been current during the

present spring that a large percentage

of the pigs farrowed early, were dead

when farrowed, or died in a short period

of time. Such results are expected by

the close observers and experienced swine

breeders. \K'eather conditions during the

past winter have becn such as usually

precede heavy losses among the young

pigs. \Veather, feed and care have much

to do with the outcome with the spring

litters. Lack of comfortable quarters is

not a common complaint at the present

tilme. Most breeders take precautionary

stops in this direction.



Following a winter when we have cold

weather almost constantly, there is gen—

erally a severe loss of pigs at farrowing

time. During the‘last winter the prices

have been high, and there may have been

a desire to do too well with the sows.

’l‘hcy have undoubtedly been_ well fed,

have been furnished a comfortable place

in which to sleep, and have not been

given a Sufficient amount of exercise.

of exercise with the brood

\Viiliout

reasons.





The matter

sows is too often neglected.

philosophizing and giving the

why, I will say that it is absolutely nec-





essary. 'l‘o neglect the exercise is to en-

danger the chances of success with the





It is by far better to compel

a. considerable distance





spring pigs.

the sows to go

for their feed, twice per day,

to moderately warm weathcr to encourage

them to stir out and exercise of their own.

will. Thcy will be prone, if well fed, to

spend a ,good deal of time in the nest, not

exercise enough to insure a good circula-

tion of blood, iho whole system becomes

sluggish, and lhey are unable to transmit

life and vigor enough to the pigs to

enable them to live and get a start in

life.

The Feeds.



It is a solemn fact that a great many

breeders never give the matter of proper

feeds for the pregnant sows any consid-

eration. \\'hen corn is plentiful and

cheap, it is an easy matter to throw

scoopfuls of cars of corn to the SUVVS, and

pay but a little, if any, attention to their

getting anything else to eat, and give

but little thought to what they have to

drink. In many cascs the sows are shut

away from other foods and are obliged to

live on the corn. 1f the sous get ficshv,

and look well, they (ougi ruiulate them-

selves that they arc doing well by them.



The experience of 111:1.ny years at the

business of brooding, and the experiments

made at diffcrcut stations have proved,

very conclusively, that brood sows con-

fined to a corn diet can not produce pigs

that are harmoniously developed. The

feed has a great influence on the litter.

\\'l1cn fed too much corn in proportion to

the other feeds, the pigs will be fat and

glossy, but will have very small bones.



(me should consider how impossible it

is for the sow to nourish a dozen pigs,

build :1. strong, bony frame, with good

muscles, and healthy vital organs, unless

given feeds that will enable her to do it.

They may draw on themselves to a cer—

tain extent, but will not have enough of

the needed material stored up in their

system to spare to build them up well.





The sows should have a variety of

feeds, as no one feed alone can enable

them to transmit to the pigs all that is

required. In connection with the grain

feeds, such as corn and oat chop, wheat

bran, middlings, skim-milk and table

wastes, should have access, regularly,

to some clover hay and cornsialks. I

would put an emphasis on ground oats,

middlings, milk and hay, as they furnish

material to build the frame and vital

organs, and transmit life and eneigy.

\Vith such feeds the pigs will be wcll fed

instead of having the life starved out of

them before they are born. It is far bet-

ter to have the pigs look a little gaunt

and bony, at birth, if they have plenty of

life, than to look fat, sleek and lifeless.





When we have become well educated

as to the necessities of our pregnant ani-

male, and aroused to the importance of

meeting those necessities, and practice

what we know is best for them, we will

not hear so much about breeders having





ihzin to trust'





FLARMER.





“bad luck” with' their sows at farrowing

time. We will realize that there is a.

cause for all the ills and mishaps in the

business, and seek to avoid .a repetition

of the same in the coming years. It is

too late to correct the mistakes of the

present year, but it is a good time to

seek to get a knowledge of What caused

the losses, and adopt better methods of

feeding and care, which will insure great-

er success in the future.





Wayne Co. N. A. CLAPP.





 





LIVE STOCK NOTES.



Cattle from Mexico are arriving at Fort

\\‘orth, Texas, and a recent shipment of

steers and stags rcuchcd there costing

$23.80 per 100 lbs. The tariff on Mexican





cattle is $3.75 per head, provided the

value per head does not exoced $14.50,





after which price the charge is 27 per

cent of their value. The rcccnt shipment

referred to is the first consignment from

the ti<lz -inicstcd region of l\l'c xic I) brought

into the I nited quites in 16 ycurs l'nder

former quaiantine legulutious cattle

from the ticky regions of Mexico were for-

hidden to CIOSS the bordei, but Icccnily

congress modified the 01d01 so as to allow

a larger supply of cattle foI siocl1c1 and

slaughter Ipurposes Appmxhuulcly 750

car loads of Mexican (attic .uc Iucivcd

at Fort \\'orth annually, but lhcy are

shipped from above the quarantine linc.

Dairy calves have been markclcd this

spring in enormous numbeis Iii I) hicago,

the surrounding dairy regions of Michi-

gan, Wisconsin, Illinois, Jndiunu, Minne-

sota and other states having been drawn

upon heavily, and prices foil, to compar-

atively 101v levels after the pcriod of ex—

tremely high prices for choice light—

weight vealcrs. Dairy ('illVi‘S urc usually

hurried to markct before they have time

to get in good flesh,

condition causes ihcm to be sacrificed at

extremely 101v prices. licccnily the best

vealcrs have shown more. activity and

sold higher for the lvlustcr trade, and

after the rush to market Iluiry mule

calves ubutcs, better prices may be ex—

pccicd. The irons-Missouri country is

beginning a policy of maturing its calves,





farmers having become aroused to the

necessity of taking stops to restore the





sadly depleted supply of stock cattle.



In a recent issue of the Live Stock lie-

port, publishcd by Clay, Robinson 8.: (111.,

of Chicago, (icm‘ge \\'. Siiit, a Widely-

known goucrul farmer and stock feeder

of Iowa, rcports i'cwcr cattle fed in that

region the past winter than for many

yours, the cuuscs being the high price of

feeders and the relatively low price for

fat cattle in the markets of the,

(loud four—months’ fed cattle have

shipped from

per 100 lbs, While the cost for a useful

class of fccdcrs was around $3.40. Mr.

Stilt says it requires considerably more

than a margin of 50 cents to feed cattle

for a period of four months in Iowa on

farms where that land is valued at $1406!)

165 per acre. and the indications are that

feed lots will remain unfilled during the

spring and Summer months. Mr.

says his section is well supplied with

hogs, more sows having been bred than

rm- several preceding yours, and farmers





and their undesirable:





(7) 495





,DTHERSNEEQ\

Sooll’s Emulsion





Many mothers have learned

how much they needed





Scott’s Emulsion





by taking it to show their

children that it was a. sweet

medicine.



Forthirty-i‘ive years it has

been the best known specific

against fatigue and enfeeble-

ment, as well as the standard

remedy for warding off and

relieving colds and affec-

tions of the throat and lungs.





 





 





west. -

been!

there that brought but $6;





are golfing good pig “crops.” He looks

for a good movcincut of hogs to market

during the spring and Silllllilel'. Mr. Stitt

says regarding bccl‘ pr-nlucliou: “Moth-

ods of producing bcI-i’ in this country will

undergo a markcd chungo within the

next low 1cuIs. l‘llillk'l' prices for beef.





will advance





to {L prohibitive figure or an





cheipcr \1zIy of muking it must be

evolved. The big brccding and grazing

grounds of the wcsL (111d soulhwcst are

grutjluully disappearing, rcsulting in a,





feeding cattle and

sumo. At present

in l'ccding cattle on

the middle West.





scarcity of stock and

high prices for flu»

there is little Iuoncy

the high-priced 111ml of

American farmers must adopt the meth-

ods of Continental Europe in producing

bccf before many yours are passed. “'9

must get more weight on grass and use

a. cheaper food than corn. This problem

must be workcd out or the much talked

of beef famine will be an unpleasant real—

ity not mzlny yours lu-ucc."



Elmer M. Potter, :1 large farmer and

stocki'uuu of lllinois, bud It consignment

of 20 hood of fut “city-ford and Shorthorn

steers on the Chicago market recently

that averaged in “right 1,346 lbs. and

brought $6.30 1101' 100 lbs. ’l‘hcsc steers

were purchased as l'ccdcrs at Kansas City

about the middlc ol‘ 111st October at $5.35,

when they zivcrugcd in weight 998 lbs.

Mr, l'ottcr szLid ilIcy returned him a profit,

besides leaving vuluublc, fertilizer on the

land. No bud (he callilc about 180 days,

during which period they made gains of

about 407 lbs, or around 21,}, lbs. per hcud

ouch day. 'l‘hcy uvcrugcd 1,405 lbs. just

before starting for Chicago. After being

purchased Mr. l'otlcr put them on clovcr

pasture, with buy in the field, and this

was their food for a period of 75 days,

during which time they gained 206 lbs.

per head. They were on a feed of ear

corn and clover hay, with access to straw

stacks for 103 days. and their gain in

that time was about 206 lbs. each.



Chicago live stock commission firms

are advising their country shippers to

abandon the old—time practice of making

Mondays and \Vedncsdays the only days

in the week for liberal offerings of cattle

and to divide up their Shipments so as

to have more cattle for the other days.

The present system is obviously in the

Interest of buyers, and they seldom fail

to work prices down on the days of liber—

al offerings. It is suggested that the

change be applied to well fattened cattle,

as well as to butcher stock and stockers

and feeders. This is a time When owners

of cattle are not reaping any too large

profits, and any change by which they

Will be helped to obtain better results

should be adopted at once





Stitt:





 





 





“resin N9l





CURES 'SCABj





A DIP THAT DOES THE WORK

WITHOUT INJURY

To THE ANIMAL OR FLEECE

NO BURNING OF THE FlBPES:

No STAINING: NO POISONING:

N0 SICKENING.





WHY USE DIPS THA‘T HAVE THESE DESTRUCTIVE

AND DANGEROUS QUALITIES? WHY EXPERIMENT

WITH UNKNOWN PREPARATIONS .7





KRESO DIP hi9]





TA-NDARDIZED





INEXPESNSIVE, EASY TO USE





 





PERMITTED av THE u s oEpAnTMENT or

AGRICULTURE FOR THE orrICIAI. DIPPING

0F SHEEP FOR SCAB Z’T‘





FOR SALE BY ALL DRUGGISTS

WE HAVE BOOKLETS GIVING FULL DIRECTIONS

FOR USE ALSO MANY VALUABLE HINTS ON

HANDLING SHEEP. WRITE FOR FREE COPIES,





PARKE, DAVIS (3: Co.





DEPARTMENT or ANIMAL INDUSTRY .

DETROIT. MICH.





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

   

 

 





Save a horse and you won’t

have to buy one. Don’t sell

or destroy any horse on

account of Spavin, Splint,



Ringbonc, Curb, Sprains or



, any lameness. Spend one

dollar for a bottle of





Kendall’s Spavin Cure

-—the old reliable I cuiedy. Thousands have made big

money buy lug "broken down ' horses thou curing

them with Kc‘ndull s. Thousands have saved big

money uslng thl-zsurc. quick economical cure. M1.

6. H.00rb'1nof Kingmout W. “1.1111105:



“Uentleinenz—lluve used a. [:1 cat (ital

of Kendall’s Spavln Cure and have never

found anything equal to it. I uscd it on

a more which only paid fifty dollars

for and SlilL‘O I cured her of the

Spavlu I have refused to take two

hundred dollars for her.



Get Kendall‘ s Spavin Cure at any

drugglsths Price, 01 per bottle.

6 bottles for $5. 00. “A Treatise

on the Horse" free at drug

glsts or from





Dr.B.J.Kendall Co. . ‘

Enosburg Fans. Vermont.l1.S.A





 

 





 

 

   

   

   

   

   

 

 

   

 





 

 





 





Harness at Wholesale PIICGSI





‘“. J IIlrscI from our shops lo you.

‘ ' ,. FREIGHT PAID,





We Can Save You Money.





write today for :1 copy of our





HARNESS BARGAIN Catalog





JOE’ S HOIIESI HIRIESS 00.. MRI), MICHIGAN.





1111111011 :3; if.‘%.l§‘:.i::li.%§.f’h°“ m-
496 (8)





YVvaYY—VVVYYYYVYV'YYYVY





VETERINARY :





AAAMAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA





CONBUCTED BY W. c. FAIR, V. s.





Advice through this department is free

to our subscribers. Each communication

should state history and symptoms of the

case in full; also name and address of

writer. Initials only will be published.

Many queries are answered that apply to

the same ailments. If this column is

watched carefully you will probably find

the desired information in a reply that

has been made to some one else. When

reply by mail is requested, it becomes

private practice, and a fee of $1.00 must

accompany the letter.





 





VYVY





 





 





 





 





 





Sprained Tendons.—-—I have a horse that

has been troubled for the past six weeks

with weak tendons; a few days' rest

seems to help, but as soon as he is driv-

en or worked he goes quite lame. I am

anxious to put him in shape for spring

work. H. H. H., Bradley, Mich—Clip

hair off tendons and apply cerate of can-

tharides, this will blister and strengthen

the weak cords.



Diseased Scalp—I would like to know

what can be done to prevent a horse rub-

bing mane and tail. S. XVI, Auburn, Mich.

\i'ash mane and tail with soapsuds. ad-

ding a tablespoonful or two of kerosene

to each quart of water; also apply one

part kerosene and five parts vaseline t0

sore parts of scalp once a day.



Stifle Weakness—Stringhalt.—-I have a

very valuable Percheron filly that swings

her hind feet and jerks them up while

traveling. She is alsosore in front, but

appears to be perfectly healthy. G. H.,

Metamora, Mich—Apply one part turpen-

tine, one part aqua ammonia, one part

oil organium and four parts olive oil to

stifle every day or two. Give her 1 dr.

ground nux vomica, 2 drs. powdered

nitrate of potash at a dose in feed two

or three times a day.



Question About Arsenic—I noticed that

you prescribed Donovan’s solution of ar-

senic and Fowler's solution of arsenic for

horses and I am told that it is a. very

good tonic to give horses. W. 8., Bay

City, Mich—Donovan's solution of arsenic

and Fowler‘s solution contains 41/2 grs. of

arsenic to each fluid ounce. There is a.

little dierence in the two preparations, as

Donovan’s solution contains some iodine

and acts a little better than Fowler’s

solution in correcting eruptive troubles

of the skin; however, it is more irritating

and less reliable than Fowler’s solution.

it is not good practice to give an animal

arsenic for too long a period.



Poor Grain Eater—Roup.—-l\iy 13—year-

old mare is a poor eater of grain, but

does not appear to‘ be sick and I would

like to know what to do for her. Out of

a flock of 50 hens two of them die daily.

They have a discharge from the eyes and

mom i. They show so few symptoms that

it will be troublesome to tell what ails

them. I). J. '1‘., Morgan, Mich—Float

her grinder teeth and give 1 dr. ground

nux vomica at a dosein feed two or three

times a day. Your chickens may have roup

and if so separate the well from the sick;

give each sick one a dessertspoonful of

castor oil and dip head in kerosene hold-

ing it down until it breathes once; an—

other remedy is to dip the fowl’s head in

one part salt and 100 parts water, once

or twice a day. Their coop should be

kept clean.



Loss of Appetite—I have a mare that

has a poor appetite for corn and is not

very fond of any kind of ground grain;

she is wind broken, whistles when driven





fast. and is not thriving. R. ,

(‘oloma, Mich—Her teeth may need

floating; chage her feed, giving some

roots and 1/2 oz. ground gentian, 14





ginger and 1 dr.

in feed





(.2. fenugreek, 1A, oz.

ground nux vomica at a dose

three times a day.



Leaking Navel.~I have a colt that

commenced leaking at the navel when

seven days old. lie was thoroughly dis-

infected from the time he was born and

1 am at a loss to know what caused it;

unless he pulled off end of cord. Clear

water comes from wound and the colt is

not sick. H. E. M., Hudson. Mich.—

Stitch wound close and apply equal parts

boric acid and oxide of zinc. ~



Dropsy.—A swelling came on my horse;

hunch is situated between fore legs; it

broke and discharged some watery fluid

and later pus. I gave him sweet spirits

of nitre and saltpeter and he recovered.

The bunch is now harder and smaller.

\‘x'. }l. 11., Oakley. Mich—Apply equal

parts spirits camphor and tincture of

iodine once a day and give 1 dr. iodide

of potassium at a dose in feed three

times a day.





\Vart.—Have a colt that has several

warts on nose and face and I would like

to know if there is danger in letting him

pasture on alsike clover. J. J., Coleman,

Mich._~Cut long warts off, apply acetic

acid to flat ones daily and apply vaseline

to colt’s nose daily, if the clever irritates

skin.



Mange—Surfeit.—liave two horses that

are troubled with some sort of skin erup~

tion; one of them is 30 and the other nine

years old. I am told their blood is im-

pure, others tell me they have mange.

M. McK., Stockbridge, Mich.~Clip them

and apply one part bichloride of mercury

and 1,000 parts water to sore parts of

body once a day. Give each horse a.

dessertspoonful of Fowler’s solution at a

dose in feed two or three times a day.

Feed them some roots and after giving

the arsenic solution for-d5 days give two

tablespoonfuls cooking soda at a. dose in

feed twice a day for two or three weeks.



Suppurating Udder.—One of my cows

had an attack of milk fever when she

came fresh last year: some time later

one quarter of udder caked; later it





 





opened and discharged pus. Several

times since it has gatheredand broke

open and I Would like to know if milk

from her is fit for use. W. M., Beulah,

Mich—Heal the‘diseased quarter by op-

ening it up freely to let pus drain. then

apply one part carbolic acid and 30 parts

water to wound twice daily. Her milk is

not fit for domestic use, until diseased

quarter heals.





Irritation of Ovaries—I have a mare

that acts as though she was in heat al-

most continually, but refuses to mate.

\Vhenever she comes near another horse

she squeals and kicks in a sort of vicious

manner. A. B., Harietta, Mich—Give

her 1/3 dr. camphor at a dose two or three

times a day. She will perhaps never

breed and it might be a good plan to

have her spayed.



Itchy Tail.~My colt is inclined to rub

tail and he frequently gets fast in stall.

F. .l. 14”., Rosebush, Mich—Apply one part

kerosene and three parts vaseline to scalp

three times a week. The tail~sh0uld be

washed with soap and water twice a

week and it is good practice to use tar

soap.



W. R.. Grand Rapids, Mich.—I am in-

clined to believe your heifer ishealthy,

but you keep cream too cool.



\\'arbles.—A large black worm or grub

came out of the back of my cow and I

am anxious to know what it is and if she

needs treatment. M. P., Kemcs, Mich.—

Grubs can be found in the back of a

great many cattle; they produce some

irritation and, of course, damage the hide

by perforating it. Use a sharp knife to

make opening a little larger, squeeze out

grub, kill them and apply boric acid to

sores daily. ..



Navel Infection—I have a. calf that

seemed to be well up to a week old;

since then he seems stiff-has a cough

and is not thriving. F. C., Prosper,

Minn—Give him 5 grs. quinine at a dose

four times a day and apply equal parts

boric acid and oxide of zinc to navel

twice a day.



Swollen Neck—Have a cow that has a

soft swelling extending from throat down

neck some 15 inches, and I would like to

know how to reduce it. E. P., Manoe-

lona. Mich—Apply tincture of iodine to

swelling once a day.



Capped Hock—Partial Paralysis—Have

a horse that has a bunch on knee cap

and I would like to know the best remedy

to reduce it. I also have two hogs that

seem to be losing the use of their legs

and what i have done for them fails to

do them much good. F. F., Temper-

ance. Micli.———.\pply equal parts tincture

of iodine and spirits camphor to capped

hock three times a week. Feed hogs less

corn, more oats, oil meal and roots. Give

5 drops fluid extract nux vomica at a

dose three times a day.



Nodular Disease~Some time ago one

of my sheep had a gathering under her

jaw which was soft and flabby. i opened

this two or three times and the discharge

each time was clear like water. Her ap—

petite was good; however, she kept get-

ting thinner and in about two weeks

died. I opened her and all I found was

small bunches on the bowels. I have

another sick ewe showing much the same

symptoms and I would like to know how

to treat her. R. M. C., Brown City.

Mich—The dropsical swelling in throat

is a result of nodular disease, which is

a parasitic bowel ailment. Give a tea-

spoonful of gasoline in 3 ozs. of milk

one dose only. Also give a teaspoonful

of ground gentian at a dose in feed two

or three times a day. Salt her well and

feed her plenty of nourishing food.





Some recent developments in the mar-

ket for beef cattle have tended to create

a feeling in stock feeding circles that the

time has arrived, so long predicted, for

better prices. It should be understood,

hOWever, that any improvement that has

taken place in the Chicago and other

western markets is due wholly to a

marked curtailment in the receipts of

cattle and not in the least to an enlarged

call for beef, and as this is an undisputed

fact, it behooves stock feeders every-

where to consider market conditions care-

fully and ship in their cattle conserva-

tively. If stockmen are feeding a large

number of cattle, it is better to market

their holdings on different days, instead

of having them all marketed in a single

day. There is still danger of overstock-

ing the market, particularly with cattle

that are not fat enough to- suit killers,

and such cattle should be held back until

properly finished.



The country is awakening to the great

necessity of going into cattle breeding,

or at least part of the farmers and stock-

men are beginning to have some realiza-

tion of this necessity. Many parts of the

corn belt are taking up cattle breeding,

having found that feeders were so scarce

as to be obtainable only at practically

prohibitory prices, and within a short

time there has been a good deal doing at

the Chicago stock yards in the line of

filling numerous buying orders for cows

to be used for breeding purposes. Many

have been sold at $4604.50 per 100 lbs.,

and the demand is still in evidence to a.

certain extent although spring work has

delayed it considerably. For many years

the vast region of country lying beyond

the Missouri river has been called upon

for supplying stock feeders throughout

the corn belt states with liberal numbers

of 'thin cattle for finishing off, but con-

ditions have changed radically, and there

IS now such a scarcity that stock cattle

when purchased cost not greatly below

the prices of fat beeves. The Texas sup-

ply has become exhausted, the northwest

has none for sale. and Denver is today

the highest market in the country for

stock cattle instead of being the lowest,

as it used to be in past years. Now

Texas is forced to resort to importing

cows from Mexico to obtain calf supplies,

and the country finds that cattle breeding

is an absolute necessity if a. beef famine

is to be averted.





 





r





 





Tho only thoroughly manufactured

Silo on the market. Full length Ito",

IDonlluuouI door 0 oomploto with,





..nddor. Triple beveled lilo door with

.Iilngu. Equipped with extra holy!

hoop: ct bottom.





 





AIR TIGHT

luku winter feed oquol to Juno

Iron. TBE ROSS will morolhnn pay

or itself in one lesson. Write to.

duly for catalog which glvoc too. that

vi 1 love you money. Axon“ wanted.





? l‘ n; . . Est.

_...°.rW pessimist,





 





 





FOH SALE—Jud llIllll & BEBUILI MACHINERY





20 h. Huber traction engine: 18 h. Peerless: 18 h.

Rumeley: 18 h. Pt. Huron: 18. h. lender: 16 h. Nichols

& Shepard: 16 ll. Iluao‘ell; 14 h. Star; 13h. Pitts; 12 h.

Pt. Huron; 12 h. Nichols & Shepard: 10 h. Pitts; 20 h.

Fairbanks-Morse Gasoline En inc: M-in. Belle City

thresher: 32-in. Huber; 36-in. rick; 14118 Geo. Ertel

full circle balin recs: l6x22 Southwick full circle

baling press: .1 1 Square Deal belt power hay



ress; 17x22 Eli: 17x22 Ann Arbor. and many others.



rite us for description and price.



THE BANTING MACHINE 00..





114-118 Superior St.. Toledo. Ohio.





PIGS FOR SALE.





I keep about 2400 cholera. proof brood

sows and am selling fine grade





Yorkshire, Poland-China, Duroc and

Tamworth Woanod Pigs at $3 each.

ALVAH BROWN'S PIG FARM,

GRAND RAPIDS, , - MICH.





l. c. ILBOBK, midi-311.1“ llve Stock Auctioneer.

Write





for toms and dates.





 





 





 





 





BREEDERS’ DIRECTIDRY.

CATTLE.

ABERDEEN-ANGUS.





Herd, consisting of Trojan Ericas Blackbirds and

Pridec. only. is headed by E erton W. a. Trojan Erica,

by Black Woodlawn. sire of t. 6 Grand Chain ion steer

and bull (it the International in Chicago, 90.. 1910.

He is assisted by Undulata Blackbird Ito.



WOODCOTE STOCK FARM. Ionia. Mich.





 





 





 





THE double standard Pulled Durham. Wild eyod Abotts burn.

Milk strain. Grand Champion silver cup winner at 1910

JAS. H. HALL, Port Austin. Michigan





Guernsey Bull Call For Sale-ngltantzlg





of breeding. WILL w. FISHER. Watervliet. Mich.





Top norcu HOLSTEINS





Top Notch registered young Holstein Bulls com-

bining in themselves the bio of cows which now

hold and have in the post held World's Records for

milk and butter fol: at fair ricea.;



McPHERSON EAR S 60.. Howell. l‘llch.





E KOL Korndyke Bull Calf—Choice“ A. R





. O.

breeding. §%endid individual. mostly white, $75.

COLE 1311013 4 S. Ypsiland Farms. Ypsilanti, Mich.





Holstein Friesian Calue’gfifil‘mfié‘h‘é’iir

ary Mercedes. W. B. JONES. Oak Grove. Michigan.





Michigan State Fair.





 





 





 





 





"DISIGIII all" 6 months old. dam and sire's two dams

. . average 2’) lbs. butter and 4761bs. of

milk in 7 days. HOBART W. FAY. Eden. Mich.





OLSTEIN BULLS—l two years old, sire Admiral Prilly



Walker No. 42502;dam Kekke Hengcrvold De Kol No. 48390;

1 nine months old. sire Sir Korndyke Piertjo Hengerveld

No. 5.5929; dam Non inks. Korndykc No. 109765. 1 3 months

old. sire Johanna Concordia (.‘hmnpion No. 60575; dam Corn

Burk De Kcl No. 112542. The above are 3 of the beat bulls ever

oiicred for sale in the Mich. Farmer. L. E Connell. Fayette. 0.





 





 





—Young bulls of hi h unlit d l

IIOISI€IIIS rices ccnsiderin gbrgedingy. 8get. 021:

one BEACH Flinn. Augusta. Mich.





IIOISTEIN BUII. CALI/ES Fi'iiia'dfifl





Sire has 75% of the blood of the sire of Grace Feyne

2nd’s Homestead. E. COLLIER. Fowlcrville. Mich.





—&) 0 hi h rade

FOR SALE nJL‘s‘iimn‘cdws.

Headed by bull Sir Malta Daisy De K01 No. 58W].

The man that. buys the herd gets a. bargain. PERRY

E. HILLIER, Mount Morris. Mich. alley Phone.





I .

HOLSTEIN-FHIESIIN 931% 2.1?3.’i§3§i§°€53§flinfi

0. Cows. E. R. CORNELL. Howell. Michigan.





OR SALE—Holstein Bull 2 years old 3125. Bull

Calves 6 months to 1 year $50 to $100. Bred heifers

. to . Oldest herd in Ind. Send for Photos and

Pedigrees. W. C. Jackson. 715 Box St. South Bend. Ind.





FOR. SALE—Reg. St. Lambert. Jerseys.

producing stock. 0. A. Bflgg’l‘vOIfifgeglgld, fill-d‘iglhigisgnlf

H E R E F O R DS‘gi‘haiif“ Elsi “133.1253?





China hogs. ALLEN BROS. Paw Paw. Mich.





LILLIE FARMSTEAD JERSEYS.

"ER” BULLS I Vidas Signal St. L. No.f58197.

Jubilee’s Foxhall. No. 82299.

Bulhoalvee sired by these rent bulls. and out of

splendid‘dairy cows. many of t. em in test for register

of merit._ Also a few heifers and heifer calves for

sale. Write for description and prices. Satisfaction

yaranteed. or money refunded.

COLON C. LILLIE. Coopercvflle. Michigan.





J

BUTTER BRED EESE‘QXHE‘LS





CRYSTAL SPRING STOCK FARM.

Silver Creek. Allegan County. Michigan.





REGISTERED JERSEYS For Sole—Some combin-

. ing the blood of St. Louis and Chicago World's

Fair Champions by HERMAN HARMS, Reese. Mich.





Register oi Merit Jerseys. 323.2%. filial





lot of youn bulls from dams with cfllcial records

of 483 Egon and n words of butter.

. F. MARS 0N. Bay City. Michigan.





—Be

F O R SA LE oafi‘ifrihnsiififfifii

akin. JOHN SCHMIDT. R. No. 4. eed City. Mich.

Dairy Bred Shortharns‘iifldf‘tii‘WP‘fiSf.

$75 cash orzood note. J. B. Hummel. Mason, Mich.





SHOHTHOIIIIS and POLLED DUHHIMS. iBBii‘sZ'iffif





A. D. DeGABMO. Highland. Michitan.





descriptions.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





H005.

limo: & Victorias‘?’°.l"~hfi'...$£" 33°?" ‘ 9“"

Winners. M. 'r. “Bligh. 248. Lowe:1 I. $31.15;?





 





Anna .29. 1911. ,_





S. Bartlett. Pontiac. In ‘





~n





Juno. fired to the excellent young, bonr.’ Premier



Bacon _ Bouncinont Farms. Detroit. Michigan.

EBKSHIRE Yearlin cow bred for July furrow.

oleofiwc fall Gilta nnfi choice lot of March far-row-



ed. (Pigs eith. sex.) A. A. Pattullo. Deckerville. Mich.





ADAMS 31105.. Litclihold. lick, breeders of Imp. Chester

White and Tomworlh owing. «nice boots. new: bred or

open. of either breed. Shot-thorn Cattle. Buff Bock. Bull Wynn-

dotto, W. Orpintton. Okla. all breeding stock loading winner-





DU ROG-J ERSEYS‘Efi‘haifl.‘ lo“:

sale. CAREY. U. EDMONDS. Hastings, Michigan.



nunoc Juksursmul“‘M...°.:i.°¥...ril‘s.~.

fan-owed Sept. 22, 1910 wot ins. about 5% lbs. each

at right. prices. ORLb L.- B 0N. Quincy. Mich.





DUROO JERSEY Swine established

capitol nerd 1&8. One last Spring rand Sept.

1910 Gills for sale. J. H. Banahart. R5. Lansing. Mich.





I

D“ Rocs—Zfi Brod Bows. of hi h unlity. 10

_ Excellent Boats to y or service.

75 Full Pi both sex. Write or come nd see.

J. C. BA NEY.‘ COLDWATER. MI IGAN.





MPROVED CHESTERB—Yo boon ready for

service. orders taken for cow‘ilingrod for spring for-





 





 





 





 





. ‘rnw. Also Holstein Bull Calves of the boot. of breed-





ing. W. 0. WILSON. Okemoo. Mich. Both.Phonea.





' nllx . Sow: red.

0. l. C. Ho swat: must...

and more. H. H. JU . Munlth. Mic igan.





0 I c—Chcico young cows bred for June furrow.

- I ' also, booking orders forsfiring igs either sex:

pairs not. akin. Fred Nickel. R. o. 1. Monroe. Mich.





! —Best quality. large rowth

001- c s For sale type. either sex. are 110%

akin. some fine bred 1film choice lot of fall pigs all

ages. OTTO B. 80 ULEE. Nashville. Michigan.





-——Bred gilts. males wei hi" I

0. I. C. SWIM! 150 to 250 lbs. Price“ a: {inn

right. Geo. P. Andrews. Danaville. Inghom 00.. Mich.a





0. I. C.’M,‘;£2¥‘

c. J.





0 l C —Fall pigs either sex and one June

rd 0 f0 y Bofar left. Sili’ amd also bookinlg

o ers or a nu arrow. .

HARRY T. ERA ELL, CABSIEI’I‘Y3l1113 Elie.





—-My herd is chiefly

OI ll GI SWINE descent of the Royal

strain both males and females. Get my price before

you buy. ill re Later free of allege n urchaser's

A. J. GO DEN, R. No. 2. orr. ichignn.





GREAT POLAND-CHINA BOG SALE.





JANUARY 20th.

60 cows bred for spring furrow. If you want the best.

attend $88.16 as I have the best. in the state.

WM. AFFLE, Goldwater, Michigan.





, _ ,

Butler 3 Famous Wonders geniuses:

Chinaa. Best _by every test. 20 fall boars ready for

serVice. weighing up to lbs. at $20 “25 each. thov

have got to it). Also Jersey bull calves rich] bred.

J. C. BUT ER. Portland. Mich. Bell hone.





-P. C. Boers ready for so i , f

Ba rga “18 hour Prize winnii'irgfiriczlii

(it Embden Geese. ,





 





 





 





igs with quality and boot podi-

rder now and get first choice.

HOMPSON. Rockford. Michigan.





name.





i .

z. Elfin. Three on... Mich

Poland-Chlnas‘q33,g ggrps p1... of





B. M. WING & SON. Sheridan. m‘é’iiififlfi?"





Pawn-CRINAS—Foll pin either sex. Young

L. W. Barnes & Son. 8:23;: alfiifgosglemgo" gird?

BIG TYPE POLAND-CHINA “if :é‘ifiii’i‘xtiisidé’ f"





t .

faction guaranteed. R. J. LANE. Clare. No. 7. Maicii‘ia.





POLAND-CHINAs—B o c k i in;





0rd 1

spring pigs. WOOD & SONS. Saline. Michigan?”





131(28ng iPOLAiND CBHIINARBOkARS, silage" and

v pr . . oc . . .

honiihi‘ “SEVE. Pier-5:11;?“ Miciuii'iiiui5





—-L' esti Mi i .. .

leis sues... .swr m

an quality. w.E.LIv1NG°§"ioiv.°3:i-ui:. log.”





FOR 51%;: figs gangsmgu PIGS.

munnu-wummu' co. m lllllllll, mu.

liliie Farmstead l'oi-lislilreS‘BE ° ‘ y " °“





Manor 11

Oak Lodge blood predominates. Large Herd. Thaw:

service boars. Pairaund trios, not akin. Boats ready

for service. A fine lot of spring pigs. Gilts bred for

August fan-ow. The beat hog on earth. Satisfaction

guaranteed. COLON Q. LIL IE. Cooperavllle, Mich.





SHEEP.





SHEEP liar SALE

EXCHANGE

Will Sell 600 Head,





mostly pure bred heavy shearing Delni‘ne ew w



lambs by side from Ox 0rd. Ham shire. Doing: airi’d

Lincoln rams all healthy. If a cop are taken at

once. will sell in the fleece with lambs by side at.

85.50. No such bargain ever (fifered in Michigan.

Would consider an exchange for colts and horses or

vfung, 81- old cattlewoil'hhltigs.75 hoop are located in



anon oun y near a a. a, miesn

Rapids. Pore Marquette road. orth of Grand





JOSEPH CARTER, Mgr.,

WALHALLA. - - MICHIGAN.





Hampshire sass salami! . l...





dividuals. o. D. woo BURY. Lansingollfiglioizdlli:





Oxford-Dawn 5h and Pollod

cattle for sale. J. A. D: GAlglgpMuB?fllfi,fi





OXde Down Shoe “9°“ Yeaflinc Field

for sale. I. R. WATEBB ifffnfité’fig'ffimm





Reg. Rmbouifleh‘dihgi‘fliioy%m?°§fi‘h°m





a





 





 





 





Mon-ice on G. T. and. Addresfi J. Q. A. COOK





0





Eco for ale. twont five choice b ’

:Id. low p co. so oy few good mmag :33:





 





..





_ , ' .; I can: rt! V ' '

Woman” with ~+ _





.FO'R SALE‘EE’; 632.13%. $31.33???





also 86 ewe and rug: lambs. Live 2% miles out; o} ‘





SHBOPSHIRE HALL 8100K FARM





'i. sfii'imum. Gendarmllielign. ‘
"HORTICULTUREl





 





 





 





 





 





. APRIL 2941911.





Y—VVVYVVYVVVVVYVV,Y‘VYVYVV





 





 





ALLAALAAAAAALAAAA





 





 





AAAAA





"THE CARE OF SPRAY PUMPS.





 





I am convinced that not one person in

ten that uses a spray pump takes proper

care of it, and that more spray pumps

are injured or ruined from this lack of

care than ,from the wear they receive in

service. Every person‘who sells spray

pumps or repairs them finds that unless

very good care is taken of a pump that

after'a season or two if the pump is left

together over winter the action of the

spray material and elements on the brass

will so corrode the pump that it will be

difficult to get it apart should anything

go wrong inside the pump. I believe it

is a good plan to take the spray pump

apart once each year, preferably at the

end of the season, if for no other reason

than to get the parts separated occasion—

ally so they will not set so tightly that if

anything goes wrong inside the pump 1t

will be possible to get into it with ordi-

nary tools. Every owner of a spray pump

should haVe a small pipe wrench, or bet—

ter, a small and a medium-sized one for

convenience in taking the pump apart.

unscrewing hose, nozzles, etc.



During the sleason when the pump is in

use it should be removed from the barrel

each night or before leaving for lany

great length of time, and set in a pan Of

water. Then, without disconnecting the

home, pump a pail of clean water through

the pump, hose, and nozzles. This will

remove most of the spray liquid from the

valves, hose and nozzles, and perhaps

prevent trouble when the pump is again

started. Before putting the pump away

for the season a little oil may be added

to the water and pumped through the

pump, but the oil should not be ’pumped

through the hose as oil rots rubber.



Another precaution that should be tak—

en,.qif nothing else is done, is to remove

the plunger from the cylinder. I have

seen two pumps recently where this was

not done and the pump not well cleaned,

and the plunger became so solidly set in

the cylinder that it was broken in getting

it loose. It is also advisable to unscrew

the lower part of the pump occasionally

so_a§.m,,get at the valves and valve

cagel The valves may be working all

right; now, but if they should become

stuck or clogged it might be difficult to

get to them if this part of the pump had

never been loosened. \Ve have had a

little experience in getting at the valves

of an old pump recently. In one case,

pounding and pipe wrenches .were of no

avail and we had to resort to heating the

casting containing the outer thread which

caused expansion and loosened the con-

nection.



The packing in the plunger wears or

dries out so that it does .not work tightly

enough in the cylinder and lets some

liquid by it. If the operator is pumping

at a good rate and does not get a good

pressure, this is likely to be' the trouble.

Most pumps are made so the two parts

of the plunger screw together and the

ends of the plunger heads facing each

othe are flaring so that turning the up-

per lunger head to the right by means

of the rod which connects it to the pump

handle, while the lower plunger head is

pushed to the bottom of the cylinder so

it will not turn, brings the two plunger

heads closer together and forces out the

packing, thus making the plunger work

more tightly. To remedy a loose plunger

then, simply push the handle down as far

as it will go, pull the pin which connects

it to the plunger rod, raise the handle and

turn the plunger rod to the right with a

wrench until it turns hard. Should the

packing become so worn that more is

needed there is nothing better than a. ball

of candle wicking which has been dipped

in melted tallow. This can be wound

around the plunger until it is full, the two

parts being screwed as far apart as they

will 'go when this is done; then the

plunger is inserted in the cylinder, pushed

to the bottom, and the plunger rod turned

to the right to tighten the packing.



When not in use the hose should be

rolled into a coil not less than two feet in

diameter, one or more strings tied around

it to hold‘it together, and the coil laid

on a flat surface, as the floor, never hung

up. Hose should never be bent in a short

space, or run over with a wagon, either

will crack it. The hose will give out more

quickly where it is bent most, as near

the pump or rod. In this case it can be

cut and the connections set back where

the hose is good. If the hose bothers

about pulling from the connections- use

two hose clamps ln‘stead of one, and keep

them tight. All connections should be





 





   





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





kept tight when spraying. It should 'not

be necessary for the operator to get his

hands~ wet in spraying. In screwing the

hose or nozzle to a rod one should put a.

wrench on the adjacent end of the rod and

hold this so there will be no danger of

twisting of the rod which extends

through the bamboo. This caution is es-

pecially pertinent if the rod is aluminum,

and in this case one must be careful not

to drop the rod or strain it in any way

as the aluminum is soft and breaks easily

Where the connection is screwed on at

the ends of the pole. This connection

should be clamped firmly to the end of

the bamboo as well as screwed to the

aluminum or brass rod.



Nozzles of the Vermorel type need 0c—

casional cleaning and oiling to make the

(lisgorger work easily. The stuffing nut

at the base of the spring will need tight-

ening occasionally as the packing wears,

to prevent leakage, and the caps may

need removing occasionally to remove

anything that is too large to be pushed

through the opening with the disgorger.

Nozzles of the Friend and Vapo type sel-

dom become clogged, but should be taken

apart occasionally and cleaned.



1 have written thus at detail about

these simple problems in caring for a

spray pump upon the request of an owner

of such a pump, and because I believe

that these simple rules are not generally

known by the amateur sprayman, or if

known are not heeded.



Power pumps need much the same care.

Every night during the spraying season

we remove the suction hose from the

tank and put it in a pail of clean water

and start the engine. More water is

poured into the pail if necessary until the

water which comes through the nozzles

is clear. During the operation the var—

ious stopcocks on the pump are opened

to “blow them out." for a moment, and

the lower stopcock which drains all liquid

from the pump is opened at the close.

The pump is then clean, even though the

tank be filled with liquid, and the suction

screen is left removed from the tank.



Calhoun Co. S. B. HARTMAN.





 





 





EASTERN APPLES OUR BEST EX-

PORTERS.



Reviewing the apple export trade of the



year it seems that prices for barrel fruit



of the east have been maintained at good





figures, while quotations on boxes sent

out of the country from the west have

suffered declines. The explanation for

this lies in a growing knowledge that





fruit developed under the irrigation sys-

tem lacks keeping qualities, due to the

excess of water, while eastern fruit grown

under normal hydrostatic conditions

stands up much better. I‘nless the west-

ern men find that they can harden their

coarse-grained and somcwhnt insipid ap—

ples by more careful regulation of the

water supply, the increasing foreign de-

mand is sure to take from eastern grow~

ers all the surplus of fancy fruit they can

spare, with the result that orchardists

east of the Mississippi will be in need by

higher prices for fancy goods to give ad-

ditional care to their trees and fruit, and

farms devoted to apple culture must ad-

vance in value commensurate with the

larger returns; all of which cannot be

other than encouraging to the eastern

producer. However, the men of Michigan

and New York and other states are in-

debted to the men of Oregon and VVash-

ington and California for lessons learned

of industry. The Pacific slope men with

a, less meritorious fruit than grows on the

shores of lakes Michigan, Erie or Ontario,

have for several years put the more fav-

ored growers in the background, by their

superior packing, and admirable selling

system. \Vhatever may be the future of

the two great fruit producing sections as

regards the foreign market, as well as

our home fancy trade, we mustvacknowl—

edge, silently or otherwise, our debt to

western enterprise. By combining quality

with advanced methods of growing, grad-

ing, packing and marketing we are most

certain to gain back a reputation which

would not have been lost but for our neg-

lect and carelessness. ’





 





SEED CORN.





 





Many farmers who put aside corn for

their own planting are finding out that

it will not grow. We are very fortunate

in having secured. last fall a fairly good

supply of choice northern grown yellow

dent seed corn of the early maturing va-

rieties, which all show a ground test of

90 to 98 per cent. If interested let us

send you samples, free of charge, so that

you may test them yourself. Alfred J.

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(10)





498

The Michigan Farmer





ESTABLISHED 1843.





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defending any suit, brought against

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is started. .



Avoid further trouble by refusing

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which does not print, in each issue,

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ation of subscription.



The Lawrence Pub. 00.,



Detroit, Mich.





DETROIT. APIL 29, i9".





 





 





 





 





 





 





DON'T DO IT.





 





There are two or three “skyrocket”

publishers of agricultural papers, with

an outrageously inflated capitalization,





working farmers to take stock in their

enterprises. Vi'c deem it our duty to say

to our subscribers that they will surely

be sorry if they are misled into any of

these investments. No standard, reliable

publications arc resorting to such nefaré

ious methods to maintain their business.



we urgently advise our readers, if they

have any money not needcd in their farm

operations, to. put it into good savings

banks and get 4 per cent interest, or in-

vest it in good bonds or preferred stocks

of some well-established, reputable man-

ufacturing concern and let venturesome

propositions alone.





.-





CURRENT COMMENT.





 





 





On Friday of last;



Reciprocity Bill Up week the bill pro-

to Senate. viding for the ap-

proval of the reci-



procity agreement with Canada. passed





the national house of representatives, as

it had been conceded that it would do

by all who werc in touch with the situa-





lion, The final vote on the measure was

265 to 89. An analysis of the vote by

which the measure was passed shows





that 201 democrats voted for it, while 11

democrats deserted their party organiza-

tion to vote against the bill. On the

other hand, 78 republican members voted

against the bill as against 64 who sup-

ported it. Eight of the 12 members of

the Michigan delegation voted against

the measure, namely, Reps. Dodds, Ford-

ney, Hamilton, McLaughlin, McMorran,

.i. M. C. Smith, S. W. Smith and Wede-

meyer. The four members from Michigan

who voted for the measure were Reps.

Loud, Doremus, Sweet and Young. Reps.

Doremus and Sweet are the two demo~

crats on the delegation, representing the

Detroit and Grand Rapids districts. Con-

gressman Loud is a republican, repre-

senting the tenth district of Michigan,

which comprises 15 counties in the north-

Hc is heavily

interested in lumbering. and this interest

is comparatively strong in his district.

There are, however, a large and increas-

ing number of farmers among his con-

stituency to whom he may have difficulty

in offering a. satisfactory explanation of

his attitude upon this question. Rep.





‘Country which he





 





c .





Young is also a. republican, representing

the 12th congressional district of Michi-





gan, which includes the entire upper

peninsula. While agriculture is rapidly

increasing in importance in the upper





peninsula. of Micnigan, the farmers are

a minority in Rep. Young's constituency,

which doubtless accounts for his support

of the agreement.



But the farmers of Michigan have ev-

ery reason for mutual congratulation on

the strength of the opposition from the

Michigan delegation. Several members

of the delegation made speeches against

the passage of the bill in the house,





notably llcp. E. L. Hamilton, of the

fouf‘th congressional district. Mr. M. J.

Lawrence, who was present'and heard





Mr. Hamilton's speech, writes that it was

the strongest plea. for the farmers of the

board made on the

floor of the house during the debate on

this bill. No doubt Mr. Hamilton’s con-

stituency will properly appreciate his ef—

forts in thcir behalf. In fact, we believe

that the farmers of Michigan will be ap-

preciative of the loyalty of every mem-

ber who workedand voted in their inter-

ests in this crisis, a fact which should

be: most forcibly brought to the attention

of the United States senators from Mich-

igan, and with it the implied fact that

the farmers of the state will not be for-

getful if their interests are sacrificed in

the unjust and unfair manner which this

bill provides.



\Viih the passage of the bill by the

house, the proposition is now up to the

senate. There has been considerable de-

lay in the completion of the organization

of that body, due to friction over com-

mittee assignments, and it is not probable

that the reciprocity bill will be ucicd up-

on immediately. However, it must soon

be taken up, and there is no time to be

lost by those who would exert their in-

flucncc to prevent its passage by that

body. But there is still time to cntcr a

strong and effective protest. Every read—

91' who has not done so, should embrace

this opportunity to add his influence to

that which has already been exerted, by

writing pcrwnnl letters to Senators

\Villiam Alden Smith and Charles E.

Townsend, nddrcssing them at XVushing-

ton, D. C., urging them to oppose this

unfair measure in the interest of their

rural constituents. There is every pros-

pect that tliocOIitcst in the scnate will

be close and bitterly fought out, and the

Michigan senators may have the deciding

votes, which makes it all the more im-

portant that every iniercsied reader act

in his own interest as above suggested,





at once. Do not procrastinate in the

matter, but write them today.



It was freely



The Progress of Tariff prcdicicd whcn



Tinkering. Prcsidcnt Taft



assembled con—



gross in special session that the demo-





cratic house would at once proceed to

advance plans for the revision of various

tariff schedules. This prediction has al—

ready been realized by the introduction

of a free list bill which was reported to

the house on April 13, together with the

reciprocity bill which was passed last

Week. This free list bill provides for the

placing on the free list of all agricultural

implements; bagging for cotton, and all

fabrics suitable for the making of bags

or sucks for this purpose; hoop or band

iron and baling wire; leather of all kinds

and skins of cattle, including calf skins,

boots and shoes and harness or saddlery

in whole or in part manufactured; barbed

wire and wire rope strands or rods and

all wire suitable for fencing, including

staples; fresh and cured meats and pro-

visions; fiour and, milling products of all

kinds; timber and lumber of all kinds

except cabinet woods; sewing machines,

and salt.



For purposes of political advantage

this bill has been styled a “farmers' free

list bill," and there is every likelihood

that it will be pased by the house at an

early date and go to the senate with the

reciprocity measure. This bill has been

put in ahead of the contemplated bill for

the revisionvof the wool and cotton sche-

dules, owing to a disagreement among

the democratic leaders as to whether

free wool should be made the basis of

revision of this schedule, or simply a re-

duction of the duty and the placing of

all duties on this class of goods on. an

advalorem basis. This change in the

program as outlined by the leaders is

said to be due to the influence. of the

democratic members other than the old

coterie of southern leaders. who were

aware of the trouble that the proposed

program would make in the states that





would be most affected by the reciprocity .





, ‘ THE: MiCHiGANFARMER





 





bill, the farmers being interested in\ Wool

growing as well as opposed to the ‘reci-





procity bill on account- of. their interest»





in general farm products. Thus the pro-

posed revision of the wool schedule has

been relegated to the background for the

present, and the measure above referred

to advanced, because it would be more

popular among the farmers of the country

and distract their attention from the pro-

posed revision of the wool 'tariff, which

has not been abandoned.



But" the principal interest in this pro-

gram at the present time is the effect

which the throwing of these two bills

into the senate hopper at practically the

same time may have. It would appear

that one effect would be to confuse the

situation, particularly in view of the di-

vision of views which exists in both par—

ties as'to the policy which should be pur-

sued with regard to tariff tinkering. If.

not probable, it is at least to be hoped

that this shrewd move on the part of the

democratic leaders will show the mem-

bers of the senate the complications

Whicn will result through the passage of

the reciprocity bill and thus compass

the final defeat of that measure. The

tendency shown by the majority party in

the. house, to take up tariff matters with-

out delay even sufficient for mature con-

sideration gives point to our prediction

that the passage of the Canadian reci-

procity bill as advocated by the adminis-

tration would be but the beginning, rath-

er than the end 0f.tariff tinkering, which

might easily in the end endanger the in-

dustrial prosperity of the entire country

as well as that of the farmers.



It is, of course, impossible to prevent

maneuvering for partisan advantage

when opposing parties are in control of

the two houses of congress, but a rea-

sonable View of the situation is that so

important a thing to the welfare of the

country as tariff tinkering should be gone

at in a. sane and deliberate manner,

rather than in a hasty attempt to ad-

vance the political fortunes of any person

or pdi‘ty, and thoughtful people would not

izikc a serious View of such propositions,

were they not dangerous to their future

welfare, as is the case with the reciproc-

ity agreement and the proposed tariff

tinkering which the controlling faction

of the house is pushing with the same

undue haste» as the administration pushed

the reciprocity agreement to an immedi-

ate issue.



Rcally, the articles enumerated in this

free list bill are of minor importance

from the standpoint of revenue, it being

claimed that the government revenues

would be curtailcd only about $10,000,000

per annum through its operation, based

on the customs receipts of the last fiscal

year. Of course, the benefits would be

correspondingly small to the farmers of

too country, and would be small compen-

sation for the hardship which would be

imposed on them by Canadian reciprocity.

It is, of course, improbable that this bill

will become a law. The real danger in

the situation is that when the tariff doc-

tors disagree, as they are conceded to

do in both parties, the effects may be

disastrous to the patient, which in this

case is the people.





During the past week



Woof Prices and The Farmer has re-

Prospects. ceived a number of in—

quiries from subscrib-



ers asking for an opinion as to whether

it would be the part of wisdom to sell

this year’s clip of wool at the prices now

offered or hold it for a possible advance.

As stated in a review of the situation

published in these columns last week, no

one can do better than guess what the

future will bring forth in the wool trade.

owing to the possible action of congress

in revising schedule K of the tariff law,

which is the wool schedule. However, it

seems probable, to one who has studied

the conditions which exist at Washing-

ton, that decislve action by congress in

this matter will go over at least until the

regular session of congress next winter.

\Vhile, as stated in the comment above

referred to, the democratic leaders in

congress have shown their intention to





push a bill through the house providing.





for a. revision of the wool schedule, it

seems improbable that sufficient support

could be secured in the senate for such

a measure to pass it at the special ses-

sion, especially as the administration

favors deferring its revision until the

tariff board is ready to report on this

question, into which it is now making an

exhaustive inquiry. Then, too, the wool

growers of the country will undoubtedly

do all in- their power to prevent early ac-

tion in the matter, as evidenced by the

action of the National Standard Delaine





,above referred to,





.gcRJL .29, Jan.

Sheep Breeders" Association, which ,is ’

noted in another column of migrants.



If this prediction preves to'Vbé Convect-

the usual season for marketing the sea:

son’s wool Clip will have passed before

this matter is finally disposed of, so that

the wool market may become settled af-

ter its adjustment to the new conditions.

But just so long as the outcome remains

in doubt, there is little improvement to

be expected. Local buyers will be afraid

to speculate in wool, and will insist on

buying it on a basis of the pr’esent con—

servative market conditions if at all,

which means that the wool grower simply

has the choice of selling his wool at pres—

ent quotations, or holding it over until

this whole matter is finally settled. If

the settlement should prove in the end

to be a. compromise such as was suggest-

ed would be probable in the comment

this would probably

be profitable, provided the grower does

not especially need the money which the

wool will bring and has a suitable place

in which to hold it. On the other hand.

if our guess should happen to be 'a. poor

one, there might be nothing made in the

speculation, although it is not probable

that a loss would he suffered, since the

present market is a timid one in the mak-

ing of which the worst phase of the out-

look is given full consideration.



Now as to what the market really is,

we have gathered from various sources

information that from 17 to 18 cents per

pound is being offered for the» better

Michigan fleece woois in some sections.

of the state, while in other localities fairly

good wools have been bought at as low

as 14 cents per pound. '



The Michigan “Tool Dealers' Association

held a meeting at Lansing last week to

discuss market conditions, and while no

attempt is made by. this association to

fix prices at which its members will buy

Wool, representatives of the big eastern

houses were present, and discussed the

situation from their standpoint, and the

conscnsus of opinion among the Michigan

buyers interviewed by The Farmer seem-

ed to be that 17 cents per pound was as

high a price as the present market would

warrant them in paying for Michigan

wools of the better class, although we

know of 18 cents having been bid as

above noted, and in Ohio some fleeces

have changed hands at as high as

cents per pound, although the fiddling £1

that figure is said to have been v‘ery’lim-

lied and Ohio wools generally command

a slight premium over the Michigan pro-

duct. Of course, eastern market condi-

tions may change as the season advances

providing sufficient wool does not come

forward at current quotations to supply

the immediate demand for the making of

goods that have been ordered, as foreign

wocls can not be brought in to compete

with the~ domestic product at present

prices, but this is a. factor which can

not be determined in advance. Then local

dealers or large speculators may gain

confidence in the situation and buy on a.

speculative basis, and thus bring support

to the market, but it is not likely that

this speculative factor will be an import-

ant one in the wool market this season. ‘



Again summing the situation up, we

can only repeat that any prediction as to

the probable future of the market would

be but a guess, but when the disturbing

factors which are operating to depress

it at the present time are taken into con-

sideration, it seems to be a. fairly safe

guess that there is little if any risk to

run in holding wool where the grower is

so situated as to make this course prac-

ticable.



Reports of wool sales in Boston last

week include 50,000 lbs. of Michigan

quarter-blood at a. reported price of 23%

cents and another lot of 40,000 lbs. of the

same grade at 23 cents, while other sales

aggregating 150,000 lbs. of Michigan three-

eighths blood are reported at 22% cents

per pound. Sales of Michigan washed

delaine were reported at 30 cents, while

washed delaine was sold at 25 cents. We

will endeavor to providé our readers with

the most accurate quotations obtainable

from week to week, but can give them

no more specific advice regarding the

probable future trend of the market than

is contained above.





A review of‘ the work



The Work of the ,of the legislature,

Legislature. which adjourned on

April 19. does not show



that much legislation of general import-

ance was enacted. Among the more im-





portant of the measures enacted were

the following: .



A bill extending the powers of the State

Tax Commision giving that board the

right to review assesments .6: property
‘" ' " Arman. 1911. _-





   





* anywhere in the state on .its own ini-

tiative. ’





A bill creating a board of three special‘





commissioners to investigate the working

" and application of the tax system in

vogue in this, state and to recommend

plans‘for its betterment to the next legis-

lature.



A bill repealing the mortgage tax law

substituting a low recording fee in lieu

of the present method( of taxation.



A bill providing for the taxing of ves-

sel property on a specific instead of an

advalorem basis.



A bill making telephone companies

common carriers .of mesages and requir-

ing them to exchange messages over each

others lines where two or more companies

operate in one town.



A bill providing needed appropriations

for the working of convicts on state ac-

count in the two state prisons.



A bill providing for a two-cent per mile

railroad fare in the upper peninsula.



A bill providing for an appropriation of

$10,000 for the care of those dependent

upon convicts confined in the state penal

institutions.



A bill creating a state fire marshal

bureau, with a view to decreasing the

cost of insurance.



Among the important measures which

were before the legislature but were not

passed are the following:



Bills providing for the initiative, refer-

endum and recall.



A bill to impose a tonnage tax on the

output of copper and iron mines.



A bill providing for a central board of

control for state penal and charitable in-

stitutions.



A bill to make the minor municipalities

the unit for the application of local 0p-

tion. _



A woman’s suffrage bill.



A bill prepared by the. state sportsmen’s

association providing for the licensing of

hunters.



Of course, a. great many general laws

were enacted, but those mentioned are

among the more important of those

passed and considered which are of in-

ierest to the rural residents of the state.

Of those passed probably the bills relat-

ing to taxation are the most important to

the farmers of the state, in view of the

claim made by the representatives of

the railroads that the farm and other

inoperties of the state are now assessed

at much less than their cash value. This

probably means a move for the passage

of tax legislation by the next legislature

which will increase the burden of taxa-

tion upon the other properties of the

state and thus decrease the rate applied

to the railroad and other corporate prop—

erties if the influences at work upon this

proposition can bring it about. How-

ever, an impartial investigation of. the

whole taxation problem by a competent

commission can do no harm, and may

provide more accurate information for

the guidance of the future lawmakers of

the state than their predecessors have

had. What the effect of granting a great-

‘er measure of power to the State Tax

Commission will be, only time will tell.

if that power is used in an equitable

manner there can be no serious objection

to it. If, on the other hand, it is used

in as unpoular a. manner as the similar

power which was enjoyed by the commis-

sion when that body was first created in

our state it will probably be taken from

tnem again.



The defeat of the initiative, referen-

dum and recall propositions is a sore dis-

appointment to many who style them-

selves progressives, but is not taken as

a serious matter by others who feel that

our elective machinery is sufficiently

cumbersome and expensive as it is. But

one result of the defeat of these measures

and the impending consideration of tax

reform legislation, so called, should be to

make the, people of the state, and par-

ticularly the farmers, especially careful

in the selection of men to represent them

in the next legislature. They have full

control of this situation through the pri-

mary elections ifathey will but exercise

their privilegc‘ in this direction intelli-

gently and with some degree of unani-

mity.



The report of the

senate committee ap-

pointed to investi-

gate the state fair

wasa disappointment. It contains noth-

ing‘ of a helpful nature, either in the way

of enlightenment as to the, conduct of the

state fair, the expenditure of moneys ap-

propriated by the legislature, or the best

methods to be followed in bringing about

'the desirable and of making it a state

fair in. fact as it now is in name, the de—

sirability of which has been brought to





The State Fair in-

vestigatlon.





 





 





THE TMICHIGAN FARMER.





(11)





499





 





the attention of our readers in, these col-g

umns and is conceded by the committee

in their report. In view of the nature of Makes a

Good Breakfast

Better—





the report we can do no more than to'

To have some





give it publicity and let our readers draw

their own conclusions, as the manage-

T t .





ment of the fair contends that the report

is a vindication or endorsement of their

w1th cream or milk.





work, while those who are not in sym-

pathy with the present management

point out that the language of the report'

implies that there is ground for a more

extensive inquiry. The report follows:





Your committee was elected on March

15, 1911. leaving a very brief time within

which to make any investigation. .How-

ever, we have made a preliminary inves-

tigation, but feel that the subject is of

so great importance to the agricultural

and industrial enterprises of this state

that the subject demands a more thor-

ough and exhaustive consideration.



From the investigation so far made we

are unanimously of the opinion that no

fair under the name Michigan State Fair

should be conducted unless the state". of

Michigan has the supervision of the

same or has a representation in its man-

agement.



We believe that ultimately the state

should own and manage its own fair, but

we are unable to recommend the present

adoption of such a procedure. _



\Ve examined the grounds and build—

ings of the State Fair association. and

found the same admirably suitable to the

purposes of agricultural expositions, the

ground work and possibilities of an m-.

stitution which would be a credit to the

state. We informally interviewed the

directors and management, and exam—

ined the books of the association, and

also procured the attendance of several

witnesses who communicated information

regarding the affairs and management of

the State Fair association.



During the past eight years the state

has contributed to the State Agricultural





For a pleasing change,

sprinkle Post Toasties

over fresh or stewed fruit,

then add cream and you

have:a small feast.





 





“The Memory Lingers”

Postum Cereal Co., Ltd.,

Battle Creek, Mich.





 





 





Society $40,000. It has been our aim and

endeavor and we have striven to ascer-





 





 





tain and report as to the expenditure of

such contributions, and also as to the

business management of the so—called

state fair in the past, but in the time and

opportunity given us we have only been

able to lay a foundation and perfect plans

for the complete investigation thereof,

and upon such expenditures and the bus—





CHOICE SEED BARLEY





Corn and Potatoes. Fertilizers, Drlllo

and Planters, Groom Separators. Gaso-

Ilno Engines, Motor Cycloo. oto.





E. H. Huichins, Box 108,0Iaylon, {533%}? Mich.





 





iness management of the so-caLled state

fairs.in the past your committee is not

yet prepared to report. llut we have se-

cured advice and information which we

deem sufficient to warrant a thorough in-

vestigation and complete report. Such an

investigation and report, however, cannot

be made during the present sesston.

Therefore, we, as a committee, recom-

mend that it be continued, authorized





     

   

   

   





 





 





PIT .__ND "~*:_.— CHlCAGO SCALE to.





"IE1 mnemonic r553

.





PITLESS neat JALKSON BLVD.

CHICAGO. lLL.





scuasfil ?__

. <7.“ llll @Am

\FcherDQICEb 1% WAéd'Afllicso





Family, Portable and Dormant Scales, Safes,

Sewing Machines, Engines and Trucks.





 

 

 





To Farmers and Fruit Growers





The Hinge-Corner, Collapsible Box or .Crnte

in the form of a market box or otherwtse as

desired, with loose bottom and no cover. or with

self-fastening top and bottom.





 





These boxes or crates can be stored like

shocks when not. in use and can be carted

home from the market or to the field for packing

produce in the same knockcd-rlown shape and

can be set 11]) for packing on the ground in a

moment without either nail or hummer.



The strength. safety and convenience of these





boxes orcrates max-ithout question. Many are

now being used 111 the South for peach and

vegetable crates, and this use is constantly





increasing.

Small trial Orders will he gladly furnished.

Write for literature and particulars to



1 THE CLEVELAND BOX 00.



i 723 Stone’s Lovoo, Cleveland, Ohio.





 





 





 





r





In GenlraIAlberia





Prosperity Smiles on

the Industrious





 





Best soil, best- water, close mar-

kets, railroads, schools, churches and

the same crops you’ve always known

grow‘ better and produce more than

you have ever supposed was possible.



No dry farming, no irrigation, no

blizzards.



0





Write now for full information.

Country filling up fast.





Secretary, Central Alberta

Development League, Box 58





Edmonton, Alberta, Canada





LOGS WANTED‘wfilihmimg‘Tk





GEORGE I. Mt-CLURE. Detroit. Michigan.





 





 





 





 





 





and empowered to make such an investi-





 





 





gation and report at the next sessionof

the legislature or at any special session

that may be called, or to the governor at

a stated time as your honorable body

may direct.





 





HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.

National.



The war department proposes that the

United States war ships make a cruise

in the Baltic Sea. Russia is now consul-

ering the proposal.



While digging a





 





sewer through the

streets of Montecello, N. Y., a vein of

copper was discovered. About a century

ago a hunter discovered a vein of the

metal a short distance from the ctty,

marked the place and went away, but a

snowstorm obliterated the marks, pre—

venting its being again located. .



recent session of the organization at



’ shin ton.



“iii schgol is being organized at Hartford,

Conn, to train missionaries for work in

foreign fields. .



it is asserted that white pine trees

imported from Germany and France are

infected with the disease known as

“blister rust.” .



Blue laws were revived on Sunday in

Jackson. Sheriff Wood declares that they

will continue to be enforced during his

term of office. ’



A strike is on in Grand Rapids among

the furniture employes. Between 6,000

and 7,000 men are said to be out.



The steamers John Lambert and North

Lake collided near Lime Island in an ice

channel, Sunday. The former boat was

compelled to “lay by" for repairs.



The Greenville high school was partly

burned Sunday, causing a loss estimated

from $15,000 to $20,000.



The report of the Pullman Car Com-





 





Haven’t the money to buyi



You don’t need money.



Here is a wonderful opportunity.



The Panhandle of Texas needs set-

tiers.



. It is the country along the Santa Fe,

in the northwestern part of Texas.



The land is level prairie. It is the

original residual soil—deep, rich and

fertile. For cars.it_furnished the fin-

est pasture. ow it is too valuable for

range purposes. The owners are selling

it for general farming.



I want to tell you about the oppor-

tunities for settlers on these Panhandle

lands. (The Santa Fe has no land to



' sell.)



I know one owner who will sell you

a farm for only $20 an acre. You

don’t have to pay a cent for two years.

After that you pay one-seventh each

year, with interest at 6 per cent from“

date of purchase.



But you must live on and cultivate

the soil.





pany to the interstate commerce com-



mission shows the company to have Have you ever heard of a pmposition

earned $33,334,073 the past year. "l‘he like that?



company started fifty years ago With a Another proposition, at the same

capital of $1,250,000 and has never sold rice, requires $2 an acre down, the

new stock. Stock dividends have been Balance in ten equal payments, with in-

granted until the capitalization now terest at only 6 per cent.





stands at $120,000,000.





 





 





 





These are but two of the many op-

portunities 0 en to real homescckers in

the Panhand 6.





Owners of these lands will not sell to





speculators. The land must go to ac-

tual settlers. They want to see the

country butlt up. They want the crops

coming into their towns and the trade

of prosperous farmers who are owners

of the land they farm.





The Santa Fe, too, is anxious to see

the country developed. It wants to

haul the people and their goods and

products.





The countr is in splendid condition

this spring. ' early 3 inches of rain in

ltcbruary. Everything ready for you.



Let me send you our folder, “ The

Panhandle and South Plains.” It tells

all about this country—its soil, cli.

mate, rainfall, water supply and crops.

Let me put you in touch with the men

who own the land. Let me tell you

about the opportunity the Santa Fe

affords twice a month to go and see this

land at reduced rates.



Don't wait. Make the break.



Write me to-night, if only a postal.



You will be glad.





C. L. SEAGRAVEFIS‘, Gen. Colonization Agt.,





 





_. . ‘ . . y.,

2213 Railway Lxchange, Chicago.





 





 





The cathedral of St. John the Divine





 





was dedicated last week at Morningside

Heights, N. Y. This structure is said to

be the greatest church in America, hav-

ing required 20 years in its building and

cost upward of $10,000,000. .



A congressional committee is investi-

gating the request of Pittsburg to estab-

lish a canal connecting the Ohio river

with the lakes at Ashtabula.



Mrs. M. T. Scott has been elected pres-

ident of the American Daughters of the;

Revolution after a spirited contest at the,



Startling revelations were made by

Ortie McManigal, a prisoner in Chicago,’

by confessing to extended dynamiting op-

erations by himself and other parties in

different parts of the country in which

112 lives werelc‘?! and $3,500,000 worth of

property was estroyed. He. is being

held as one of the defendants in the ac-

tion brought-by the state for the blowing

up of the Los Angeles Times building.



(Continued on page 503). ,





   

   

 

 

   

   

   

   

   

   





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





crease power.





 





3.2322? HERCULES $33





All Steel—400% Stronger—Guaranteed 3 yrs.





Sand for our Hercules stump puller and pull your stumps

for 30 days at our expense. Then if you are

satisfied send it back. The Hercules is 400 a

bully (gtlher puller; itris the only one goo _,

o u e y guarantee orSyears—the onl ,

iDouble Safety Ratchets—the only one with all bearings and woyrk-

ng parts turned and machines to reduce friction and in- ‘ -





It is the only one with triple power attachments—

capable of doing the work of two ordinary pullers—

puliiug the heaviest stumps or trees with ease.

8min] Low Price To First Buyers





Write today for our bi free book d .

introductor offer to firstg buyers in 93h (83?:ng

ity. It wil pay you to do it now. Address



HERCULES MANUFACTURING CO.

187-1101 SI: eet. Cenlcrvnle, low-





30 DAYS' FREE TRIAL





not. more than

stronger than

_ enough to ob—



, o n e wt 1: h





 





 

 

 





 





 





 

 

   

   

 





i

,.
,GRANGE





Our Motto—“The Farmer is of more

consequence than the farm, and should be

first improved."





 





THE MAY PROGRAMS.,





State Lecturer’s Suggestions for First

Meeting.



“Birds’ songs have around us thrown



An atmosphere not all their own,



But like the favorite scented flower,



Recall anew the by-gone hour.”



Talk, “Spring birds I have seen.”



Recitation.



Talk, “Spring flowers I have seen.”



Recitation.



Alfalfa growing.



Reading, “The bright girl becomes the

dull woman,”1ollowed by discussion of

same.



The power of responsibility in the mak-

ing of a man.



Music and recitations, in

Flora.





charge of





VARIED DIVERSIONS FOR YOUNG

PEOPLE. —I.





 





Social activity is as natural to boys and

girls in their teens as physical activity is

to babes in arms. This being true, isn't

it strange that sometimes older people,

and even entire Granges, attempt to re-

press or discountenance such God—given

instincts?



In the whole wide realm of social need

and life, otlicers and other leaders in

Granges have a rich field for usefulness.

It is well know that the dance question

has torn asunder more rural organizations

than any other one thing. And these

‘disscnsions have almost invariably arisen

because the inherent liking of young peo-

ple for activity, socially, was frowned

upon instead of encouraged to express

itself in a wholesome atmosphere. If they

would dance, the elder people ostracized

themselves and held aloof from all men-

tion of the parties. I11 many cases where

dancing was prohibited, nothing else was





 





 





 





A Granger Laddie, Donald Robertson.

of Fremont, when he sings “My Heart’s

In the Highlands."





ever attempted as a “counter irritant”

which would in any way tend to stimu-

late the social life of the young people.

Perhaps, to dance was the only recrea-

tion that suggested itself to the inexperi—

enced young people. Nobody led them

into other social activities. Much less did

anyone suggest that dancing parties

might be conducted in a healthy social

atmosphere, within proper hours, without

necessary moral contamination;

However, leaving the dance question

wholly out of mind, there is a wide, at-

tractive field in which youthful energy

may delight to express itselfwa field

which our Granges have left uncultivated

for the most part. This is the field of

acting assumed roles—of dramatics in

lesser form. The laddie who simply

“dresses the part” ofvhis Highland an:

cestors, while he sings some sweet Scotch





air, introduces his perhaps staid Grange





brothers into a new world of vivacious,

fascinating entertainment, full of endless

variety, information and development for





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





all concerned. When our officers have

eyes to see the far- -reaching possibilities

in this direction they will make capital

of the hint and enlist young people in

illustrative presentation of songs, stories,

history, art and poetry. Charades, tab-

leaux, acted proverbs, illustrated read-

ings, motion songs, as well as the usual

simple plays, are bits of action that at-

tractively exercise the spirits of youth.

And why? Because such demonstrations

call for the play of imagination, and love

of the picturesque and venturesome; but,

even more important, they demand of the

young people a certain responsibility to

get them 11]) and maintain the parts. All





of these features come natural to young "1,





people; they are “in their element” when

assuming responsibility, when indulging

in imagination, when dwelling upon the

beautiful and piquant side of life.



in the position of possible leader in the

social life of its neighborhood, why does

a Grange ever fail to act upon such fun-

damental facts in building up and re—di-

rccting the bubbling, energetic, wide—

awake young life through methods which

will develop strength, purity and charac-

ter? But more of this another time. ‘



JENNIE BUELL.





AMONG THE LIVE GRANGES.





Harmony Grange, of Charlevoix Co.,

recently closed its membership contest,

the some standing 190 to 130. This Grange

is planning to capture first prize in the

Grange exhibit at the county fai1 the

coming fall, having aheady appointed a.

committee to have charge of the prep—

aration of the exhibit.



Grange Day at County Fain-«The prop-

osition to have a “Grange” day at the

lerrien county fair the coming autumn

met with the approval of the more than

300 ”atrons who recently attended the

meeting of Berrien Pomona held with

"earl Grange. A committee was accord—

ingly appointed to confer with the officers

of the fair association. Reports from the

different Granges in the county showed a

flourishing condition and a steady growth

in membership, there having been an in—

crease of 225 members in the last quarter

in the county. Deputy Master McClure

was present and responded to the topic,

“Progress vs. Decadence.” He declared

that progress is the permanent life of

the people and comes through evolution

and revolution; that commercialism is

decadence while sacrifice is progress,

standing for the home, school and good

goycrnment.



Boys and Girls’ Corn Club.——VVashtenaw

l'omona, in co—operation with .the county

school commissioner, has organized a

Boys and Girls' Corn Club and will have

a corn contest at the close of the season.

.Boys and girls under 18 years of age and

residing in the county may become mem-

bers Of the club and compete for the

prizes offered on the payment of a 25—

cm.. enrollment fee. Each contestant is

required to grow one-eighth of an acre,

which may be a part of the regular farm

field or it may be separate. Fifteen

prize ranging from $10 down to $1, are

offered for the highest scoring exhibits.

Special prizes are also offered for ex-

hibits of foods prepared from corn; also

for most complete exhibits of seeds from

cultivated and Wild plants, including an

exhibit of soils. Granges contemplating

the taking up of wox k of this nature this

season should write Miss Jennie Buell,

who is secretary of the contest commit-

tee, for full particulars.



Eaton Pomona—About 75 Patrons at-

tended the recent meeting of Baton Co. PO-

mona with Eaton Rapids Grange at Eaton

Rapids. Unfavorable weather kept down

the attendance but most of the Granges

of the county were represented. The

morning session was devoted to reports

from subordinate Granges which showed

nearl) all in a prosperous condition. The

afternoon program opened with a paper

entitled “Aims of the Lecturer," by Mrs.

N. 1‘. Hull. It contained many helpful

suggestions for wide—awake lecturers and

dwelt upon the fact that “lecturers are

born and not made." “Potatoes” was the

subject of an excellent talk by Hon. Jason

Woodman, who showed what fertilizing,

treating seed and spraying” will do for

this crop, stating that these modern

methods had changed his yield from 100

bushels to 400 bushels per acre. State

Master Hull discussed “Reciprocity,” his

position on this important matter being

well known. He made a strong talk in

opposition to the pending agreement, clear—

ly demonstrating how it would work to.

the detriment of agriculture. “Spraying

and Pruning Apple Orchards” was ably

hant..ed by M. Hunt and T. A. Far-

rand, both of whom are practical, up-to-

date orchardists who have thoroughly

demonstrated to their own satisfaction

that profit in orcharding is largely de—

pendent upon intelligent pruning and

spraying.





COMING EVENTS.





Pomona Meetings.



Antrim Co., at Bellaire, Saturday, April

29. Lecturers and workers’ conference.

State Lecturer present.



Hillsdale Co., with Mosherville Grange,

Wednesday, May 3.



Lenawee Co., with South Dover Grange,

Thursday, June 1. Lecturers’ conference

conducted by State Lecturer.





 





Eaton Co., with Needmore Grange,

\Vednesday, June 7.

Kent Co. , with Thornapple Valley





Grange, Wednesday, June 7. State speak-

er, Mrs. E. J. Creyts.





 





 





g FARMERS’ owns





OFFICERS OF THE STATE ASSOCIA-

TION OF FARMERS" CLUBS.





President—B. A. Holden, VVixom.



Vice-Pres, J‘. D. Leland, Corunna.



Secretary—Mrs. C. P. Johnson, Meta—

mora.



Treasurer—Mrs. Lewis Sackett, Eckford.



Directors—A. R. Palmer, Jackson; Wm.

H. Marks, Fair Haven; C. L. Wright,

Caro; E. W. Woodruff, Blanchard; C. P.

Johnson, Metamora; Patrick Hankerd,

Munith.



Address all communications relative to

the organization of new Clubs to Mrs. C

P. Johnson, Metamora, Mich.





 





Associational Motto.—

’i‘he skillful hand, with cultured mind,

is the farmer’s most valuable asset.





 





Associational Sentiment.—

’i‘he farmer, he garners from the soil

the primal wealth of nations.





THE CONSERVATION OF OUR BIRDS,





Paper read by Miss Emily Bennett at

the annual meeting of Clinton County

Association of Farmers’ Clubs, held at

St. Johns.



(Continued from last week).





But to come to the strictly economic

phase of this question—the relation of the

bird to agriculture, horticulture and for-

est consei'vatio11——a cry is going up from

farm, vineyard and orchard wherever

bird-life and habits is rightly understood.

It is proverbial that the way to a man’s

meart is through his stomach. Yet an-

other authority has it that the way to his

heart is through his pocket—book, and

either case will bring Bob White close

to his affections. The clear whistle of

Bob White is one of the most cheery

notes we have, though heard but rarely.



Thorough investigation has proved that

the quail does no appreciable injury to

crops of grain or fruit. The crop of the

quail holds about a half ounce of weed

seed and is filled twice a day. The chicks

are fed almost wholly upon insects. The

insects taken are the chinch bug, cut-

worm, cucumber beetle, weevil, army-

worm and many bugs and caterpillars



The crop of a bird killed as it rose from

a potato patch was found to contain 75

potato bugs, and one variety of ground-

beetle for which Bob White has a pecti-

liar relish has sometimes destroyed whole

crops of strawberries in southern sec-

tions, but it would not be well for Bob

White to be caught in the strawberry

patch. Insects are taken every month in

too year amounting to about 15 per cent

of its food. About 60 varieties of weed-

seed are known to be eaten. In one

stomach were found 5,000 seeds of green

foxtail, and a bird taken in December

had eaten about 10,000 pigweed seed.

Stomachs are sometimes found crammed

full of ragweed seed, and another point,

Bob White is directly on the ground

among the field crops.



No game is more generally known and

liked. In 1810 these birds sold for 12

cents per dozen, in 1831 for 50 cents, and

now for from $3 to $5. “The sooner the

armer realizes the value of Bob \Vhite

and that the market hunter is a bird-

exterminator, the better it will be.”



The writer remembers a farmer who

in times of deep snow always fed his

quail, which became very tame, nesting

about the house and grounds, but huntei‘s

would come with dogs and guns, driving

the birds from the farm where they were

forbidden to shoot them, to open territory

when nearly all would be taken. XVhy

not build a covert of pine boughs or corn-

stalks in some out-of—the—way place» and

in severe weather throw out a few hand-

fuls of screenings to tide the birds over

till they can get to the fields again?



Sometimes whole flocks perish for want

of a llttle care. There comes to mind the

picture of a little frozen quail close cud-

dled two hardened, toil—worn hands as

it is being brought in from a drift of

snow where it had aimlessly flown to

escape some real or fancied enemy in the

night. Those same dear hands, when the

farm implement could not be taken

around the nest of killdeer or ground

sparrow, would carefully lift and carry it

to a. place of safety, hoping the birds

might resume their domestic duties. But

.this is digression. Soon will come the

migratory birds from the south, and here

is offered one of the most. interesting

themes for study. How the young birds

in the fall, for it is they who lead in the

flight south, follow the same route which

has been pursued for hundreds of years,

to' the southern home. The warblers,

some of the tiniest of our birds, fly across





'_"APRIL 29. 1.911.





the Gulf, of Mexico in a. single night, a.

distance or six or seven hundred miles.

The golden plover goes 1,000 miles north

of the Arctic Circle and after rearing its

young among the barren rocks and ice,

is \back in Labrador in August. Soon it

crosses Nova Scoita and takes to the sea,

flying a distance of 2,400 miles with but

one stop. Resting a few weeks in Brazil,

it goes on to Argentine or Patagonia,

starting back for the north in March, this

time making the trip overland, flying a

distance of 8,000 miles every year. The

flying machine is still open to improve-

ment.



The oriole family, the true oriole, the

blackbird and the meadow lark are all

eminently useful. The oriole nesting and

foraging among the trees and foliage, the

blackbird among the shrubs and the

meadow-lark upon ‘ the ground, each

erving in his special department. The





oriole, with his beauty and his melody,‘





is a general favorite. Thirty-four per

cent of his food consists of caterpillars.

Next in importance are beetles, chick

beetles, whose larva, the wireworm, is too

well known to need an introduction, leaf-

beetles, striped cucumber beetles and sev-

eral varieties of bugs. In the south he is

most active in the destruction of the cot—

ton boIl weevil. Another important ser—

vice is the destruction of scale lice and

aphides, or plant lice, two of the most

destructive insects known. In return for

all this protective service he sometimes

asks for a few cherries when wild fruit

is not to be found, but 84 per cent of his

food for the year is insects.



The conduct of the crow blackbird has

not always been exemplary, but examina-

tion reveals that much remains to his

credit. Following the plow the stomach

of the blackbird is often found to be lit-

erally crammed with grubs, cutworms and

other larvae and beetles, in sufficient

numbers to entirely destroy the crop if

left undisturbed. Seventeen corn weevil

were found in one stomach and 30 grass—

hoppers in another. So, footing up the

columns we shall find the balance on the

credit side of the account for even the

hlackbird. ’I‘hc meadow lark feeds and

nests upon the ground and as a destroyer

of noxious insects has no peer.



(Continued next week).





 





CLUB DISCUSSIONS.





 





Discuss Road Question.——The Wixom

Farmers’ Club were entertained April 12

by Mr. and Mrs. Frank Burch at their

pleasant farm home near Milford. It was

a stormy day, nevertheless about 60 peo-

ple were there for dinner. Four new

members joined the Club. The program

consisted of music and recitations. The

question box contained some good ques-

tions. The one receiving the most atten-

tion was the present road system, the

opinion of the majority of the Club was

that the roads were not as good as they

should be for the amount of money ex—

pended on them.—Mrs. R. D. Stephens,

Cor. Sec.



Discuss Fruit Question.~—The April

meeting of Ingham County Farmers’ Club

was held at Maple Row Farm with Mr.

and Mrs. Alfred Allen and Mrs. D. .

Smith and was of unusual interest. The

weather was good, the attendance good,

those on the program there, all of which

helped to gnake a good meeting. After

the dinner and social hour, President Ives

called the meeting to order and after the

opening exercises a fine program was

rendered. Mrs. R. .T. Robb gave some

facts about “The Home Fruit Garden.”

In part she said, in the production of

fruit for the family, one should use dis-

crimination in the selection of varieties

and pay more attention to good flavor

than fine looks. bruit is not a lti\ury,

but a necessity and has gieat medicinal

value upon the system, and vegetables,

too, aid digestion. She spoke of pruning,

grafting and budding in a way that

showed she had given the matter much

study. Mrs. Chapin spoke of the value

of small fruits for the family and really

how little land would produce a succession

if one was willing to give the time and

attention necessary to keep the weeds

out. B. L. Green having returned from

his outing in Southern California, was

called out and spoke briefly of the orange

industry as he found it. He said he tried

to absorb what knowledge he could of

fruit growing and he surely convinced his

hearers that he kept his eyes open. One

of the enemies to an orange orchard were

gophers, which would dig around the

roots and in time kill the trees if not

closely watched. The amount of work

done there would astonish us and if we

here in Michigan would put one-half to

one-fourth the amount of work upon our

orchards that they do there he believed

we would have a better paying invest-

ment than they have. He described the

handling of the orange crop, how they

were all taken to the packing houses and

after being brushed and sorted were

weighed in the automatic weighing ma-

chines and that the number in a box var-

ied from 300 down to 80. He told of the

expense necessary to get them on the

market; spoke of irrigation and how they

fumigated for the San Jose scale and the

high price of land, that they were devel-

oping the country upon eastern capital.





 





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~hAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA.AAAAAA





APRIL'I29, 1911.





POULTRY i





 





IN ANSWER TO INQUIRIES-





 





Leg Weakness In Chicks.



An Eaton Rapids subscriber reports

her five-weeks—old chicks suffering from

leg weakness. They eat heartily and ap-

pear well in every other way. The trou-

ble appears to be in the joints. The use

of artificial heat in brooding them has

been discontinued but the chickes are be-

ing kept in an upstairs room.



When the joints in fowls’ legs become

swollen and feverish it is pretty safe‘ to

suspect rheumatism as the cause of the

trouble, but rheumatism is not common

in growing chicks. It is much more apt

to attack aged fowls, and generally re-

sults from exposure to dampness or cold.

It does not seem probable that these

chicks suffer from rheumatism if the

room in which they are kept is one to

which a reasonable amount of sunlight

can be admitted. It is more likely that

the trouble comes from improper feeding

——the feeding of too much starchy food

and too little protein and mineral matter

for the building of muscle and bone.

li'orced feeding of young chicks, even

where a fairly well balanced ration is

used. has been known to cause leg weak-

ness. Failure to supply moisture, where

artificially heated breeders are used, re-

sults in the floor becoming excessively hot

and dry and has a tendency to bring on

this trouble. While nothing is said re-

garding the food these chicks received,

we venture the opinion it has been largely

grain mashes or crushed dry grain. To

balance this and enable them to build

bone and muscle they require an occa-

sional aiiowance of meat scrap or granu—

lated bone. Clover chaff and such green

stuff as is now becoming available also

furnish some bone-forming material.

Skim—milk, likewise, is valuable for this

purpose. If fully convinced, however,

that the trouble is due to rheumatism,

rub the joints well with carbolized vase-

line, get them out into the sunlight dur-

ing the day and keep them free from

dampness and cold at night.



wThe Market for Duck Eggs.



R, E. 1-1., Grand Ledge, Mich.:——Inves-

tigat‘ion discloses the fact that there is

little or no demand for duck eggs in De-

troit. Dealers here have endeavored to

work up a market but without success,

and practically all shipments of duck

eggs received here are forwarded to east-

ern markets. Some are shipped to Cleve-

land where it is said they sell readily.

\Ve are not, however, able to give present

quotations in that market. New York

quotations are given regularly in leading

produce journals. Before Easter duck

eggs were selling in that market around

35c per doz., but declined last week to

25@28c. During March they sold at a

range of 33@37c.





 





SECRETS OF SUCCESS IN BROODING

CHICKS.



Cooping the hen with her chickens has

been condemned as an evil by some who

have written on the subject without

much practical knowledge, and who have

alleged that the “natural” plan of allow-

ing her to wander at will with them is to

be preferred. This notion is altogether

fallacious. A brood placed with a hen

properly cooped, with a moderate and

fresh grass run, well sheltered if possible

by a few shrubs and regularly supplied

with suitable food, vill thrive better and

grow much faster than if left at liberty.

It is a good thing to give the hen about

an hour's liberty some convenient time

during the day when the weather is fine

——the afternoon is perhaps the best~—and

in her absence have the floor of the coop

thoroughly cleaned. This does all parties

good, without the evil of unrestricted

liberty.



After the first day or two chopped egg

and bread crumbs may be discontinued

and the chicks placed upon a regular

diet. For this nothing can surpass

ground eats, the only objection being that

it i almost too clammy, being so finely





‘ ground- This drawback can be easily re-





moved by adding a little shorts or mid-

dlings and Indian meal to impart a more

crumbly character. Next to ground oats

stands oatmeal, rather coarsely ground

and mixed with about one-third of barley

meal. The addition of the latter is rather

important, oatmeal alone being rather too

dry. Oatmeal. however, is perhaps too

expensive for ordinary market chickens,

and every purpose of good and rapid

growth may be obtained by feeding on 2.





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.._ -





mixture of equal parts shorts or mid-

dlings and barley meal.



For a little time at least the food should

be mixed with milk instead of water, and

a. little meat of some kind be given every

day. For early chickens, new milk,

warmed and given to drink early in the

morning, has a wonderful effect in bring-

ing them through chilly weather, and

they become very fond of it, but neither

this nor the solid food must be left so

long as to become sour, which it will

soon do. The longer such food and deli-

cacies can be continued the better. but

for market chickens it is often. too ex-

pensive, and the plain food already de-

scribed, with a grass run, will answer

every purpose.



Ai.er a few days, at most, some kind

of grain must be given in addition to the

soft meal or the gizzard will not have

healthy exercise. Even the first day

some whole grits, chopped up with a

knife, will be greatly relished, and the

day following they may be given entire.-

ror a week or two this may be varied

with canary crushed hemp seed; but, as

the little beaks become stronger, coarser

grain may be substituted in the shape

of cracked wheat or barley, bruised oats,

or buckwheat. The last named is best

liked by chickens of all the cheap grains,

and they will eat it freely at a fortnight

old. The last feed at night should con-

sist of some kind of grain, and a little

may also be left for the brood to partake

in the morning before anyone is up to

attend to them, for chicks are early risers

and have good appetites. In summer

they will be thoroughly awake at four

o’clock and if fed even as early as six,

have. had two hours of hunger to endure,

which is prejudicial to their growth and

happiness.



This leads us to the one great secret

of success in rearing fine chickens, which

may be summed up thus: Give food so

as to fully satisfy their appetites, and

no more. This rule is broken if the

chickens are left so long as to really hun-

ger for their food; it is likewise broken

if so much is given as to leave some after

the brood is satisfied. Just so much is to

be thrown down as will be fully cleared

away, leaving none to be trodden into the

ground. During the first week every two

hours will do, then for a month every

three hours, and after that four times

daily, for the times of supply. But some-

thing will depend upon the season. In

early spring and during the early stages

of growth they need to be fed more fre-

quently and also require better diet.



New York. p. A. TEFFT.





A WINTER WITHOUT ROUP. ,1





 





For many years I have fought roup

with more or less success, but never

failed to have a. few cases. I have had

open-front houses, warm roosting places

and plenty of fresh air, but about Dec.

15 (just about the time I began feeding

green bone) I would have at least a few

mild cases, and every now and then a.

new one through the winter. Last De-

cember I found myself with some 20 odd

hens and only a rather open barn for

roosting and scratching pen. To make

matters worse some of the hens began

roosting in a large empty hay loft above;

there were cracks, a broken window light,

and altogether a fine prospect for roup.

1 had only these few fowls and could not

fix the barn any different, so decided to

get along as best I could. Strange to

relate, not a single case of roup devel-

oped. They could not roost within ten

feet of a crack or a. nail hole, and there

was abundant space for twice the num-

ber of fowls. I never had fowls show evi-

dence of better health and vigor, or lay

better. I believe that 'a. large roosting

room solves the problem for me; it is

expensive but will pay in health and fer-

tile eggs.



Recently the egg yield of the 20 hens

dropped from 18 to 10, and no change of

diet would bring them back, but spray-

ing the poultry house twice per week

with kerosene did the work. At the least

falling off now I spray again lightly.

Always making sure to remove the eggs.

I spray the nests, excepting where hens

are sitting; to those I apply insect pow-

der. A fine flock of chicks, hatched the

first week in April, are running about in

the sunshine, picking the first green grass

and growing like weeds. These pullets

should be laying by October 1 and are

the kind that fill the winter egg basket.



Hillsdale Co. PRISCILLA PLUM.





 





Taine's Les Origines de la France Con-

temporaine. Edited by J. ~F. L. Raschen,

Professor of Modern Languages, Lafay-

ette College. Cloth, 16mo, 272 pages, with

introduction, notes, and Vocabulary. Price

60 cents. American Book Company.





\\





Hennery

Clean

and

Sweet





Woe to the hen

man whose neglect

all 0 w s countless





. germs to endanger

the lives of his fowls.

Clean~ up;





throw out dirty

refuse; spray ctverycwlztre, using a

Solution of Dr. Hess Dip and Dis-

infectant, 1 part Dip to 70 of 'water.

Repeat in a few days and you’ll be

free of lice.





DB. HESS DIP





and Disinfeclanl





prevents germ diseases of live stock—

destroys lice, sheep ticks, fleas and

parasitic skin diseases and is a

reliable deodorizer. Meets the Gov-

ernment requirement as a dip for

sheep scab.



Write for booklet.





,/

DR. HESS ‘- CLARK. Ashland. Ohlo.





 





The Chick Saver





Save the little chicks.

That's where the money is

in poultry. Don't let them

die from exposure or rodents.

THE TRl-‘IIGLE

amok coop





“ is all metal. Does not; har-





   

 





tects the chicks aganst min and cold. Instantly cleaned.



aises happy, clenn,healtliy chicks, and is insurance against

harm. Thorough ventilation. Foldl "I! when no! In use.

Top slides back giving instant. access to entire coop. 'No

“coping over to reach lien or chicks. Made of galvanized

sheet £10631 throughout and pays for itself first season in

chicks saved. Cheaper than wooden Coops and lasts for

yearn. Price single $2.15; more than 3 coops $1.90 each.

Special prices on 2 dozen lots. Fully guaranteed in every way.

Ordor Irom (Ills ad or write for fuller information.

TBI-ANGLE MFG. (30., Box A4. Freeport, [11.





r wooden coopa. Proof against rats and weascls and pro-

R





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





It Buy This“

PUT/ITO HIGHER





Extra strong,vcry durable, light draft, easy

on horses, positively best potato digger

on market. Fully guaranteed—still priced

low. Get free book on Diggers, Pickers and





Sorters. lloovcr Min. (20.. Box 45 .Avery.0hio.

Transfer points—Buffalo, '

N.v..Detroit,Mich. SLPaul, The Hoover

Mlnn., Marshalltown. 13,, A...

Idaho Falls,Id., Portland,

Ore., Spokane,



Was , ‘

Winnipeg.Man .. \1;

Hamilton, Ont, 5'

lfondduLac,W - ..





 





 





bor vermin as do the old .





 





 





   

 





(13) 501





, s .55 Buy: Best

l40-Egg Incubator





" Double cases all ovenbest copper

tank; nursery, self-re ulating.

Best 140-011ch hot-water rooder,

$4.88. Both ordered together

$11.50. freight repaid (a. of





' No machines

' at any price

are better. Snflaiactlon guar-

anteed. Write for book today

or send price now and save time.





Boll. City Incubator Comm. Box 1! RIGIWWM





BABY BEDS—Standard Bred at $15 per 100: $8 per 50:

$5 per 25. Show qualité', rose or single

comb, eg a 100 each. Other pens R. . at $1.75 per 26.

Show qua ity Red turkeys, eggs 500 each. M y Redsare

guaranteed layers. Safe arrival guaranteed. Order

now of W. T. FRENCH, Ludington, Michigan.





BUFF ORPINGTONs—Largest variety, best



layers—incubator eggs



80. each. Eggs from 100 )l'lZB breeders 150. u i. Fine

catalogue free. J. WIL AltD, Linden. Mic igan.



of the famous





BARRED ROCK COCKEREI. B] .9 Ben





Strain. which has just won first prize at. Chicago.

From $2 to $15. Lake Ridge Farm, Levering, Mich.





 

 

 

   





 





 





 





 





{NE BARRED ROCK EGGS, from sturdy pure-

bred stock. good layers. $1.00 for 15 eggs. rs.

WILLIS ROUGH. Pineorest Farm, Royal Oak, Mich.





THOROUGHBRED S. C. Brown Le horn and R. C.

It. I. Reds. Eggs Slfier 15 or $5 per (X). From prize

winning stock.fBrumm ros.. R. No. 5,Nashville,Mich.





 





 





S BLACK BIINORCA EGGS—Lav large white

0 0 eggs and lots of them. $1 for Iii; $3 for 50: $5

for 100. E. A. BLACK. R. No. 6. inkeview, Michigan.





' ——ltose or single comb cock-

White le horns crels. Rose Comb eggs $1 to $2

per 15. Ray . Graham, R. F. D. No. 1. Flint. Mich.





 





 





LILLIE FARHSTEAD POULTRY

B. P. Rocks. R. I. Reds, W. Wyandottes and S. C. W'.

Leghorn eggs for sale. 15 for $1: 26 for $1.50; '50 for

$2.50. COLON O. LILLIE, Coopersvillc, Mich.





 





HOROUGHBRED S. 0. BROWN LEGHORN Eggs

at $1.00 or 15 or $5.00 per 100. Stock all so (1

LEWIS T. 0 PENLANDER. R. No. 4, Lansing, Mich,





GGS: EGGS: EGGS—White & Buff Orlpington.

Vi'hito & Barred Rocks;i Black 6?. White l\ inorcas‘

White & Bufl Leghorns, ose dz Single Comb Rods

Houdans &White Crested Blk Polish. H. R. King. Willis. Mich.





EGGMAKERS Strain S. C. Brown Leghorns.

Eggs 98c. or 15; $1.48 per 30: $3.98

per 100. WM. J. COOPER, t. Pleasant, Michigan.





 





 





Rocks. 81 a setting. $150 for two settings.





Eg s—Light Brahma. White YVynndotte and Barred

E. g. BISHOP. Route 3X. Lakcuudessa, Michigan.





 





—Kiilps 2‘12 egg strain. prize



R. B! Brown Leghorns winners. farm range. select

eggs $1.00 15; $3.00 50. S. W. HENSEL. Basil, Ohio.



—K I t . , t l .1;



ll. 0. B. Leghorn cockerels that? iifs‘i‘i‘o d?" 12.22.

in season. 0. W. WAITE, Gobleville. Michigan.



ILVER. GOLDEN and W'HITE WYANDOTTES.





Eggs $1.50 per 15; $2.50 per 30.11 few White Roosters

left, circular free. 0. W. Browning. Portland, Mich.





—— V. -. , P 11 _ .z -

8. C. 3. WWW“ ifféiiifiiiordigt‘hg‘gd viii;

per setting of 15. ll. W. MILLS. Saline, Mi igan.





 





 





 





 





INGLE Comb Brown Leghoms—One of Michigan's

lar est breeders of the Brown Benut "a winning

at. the ending shows. Send for catalog wit pricesund

photos 0! my birds. Box 324 D. Charles Ruff. St. Clair, Mich.





—- . f. . . h . ;

FOR SALE imi’isz. “150...? si.‘?i8;1?.i‘r‘ii

$2.75: 100 for $5. BUELL BR 8.. Ann Arbor, Mich.

WHITE wuunoni 128$“.thd.-‘.:?§i‘§.”‘i.‘.g.1'33

pays. A. FRANKLIN SMITH. Ann Arbor. Mid-h.

White Wyandoiie vimb.2323:2...’r::5.h“iii:i

per 15 or $5 per 100. Vi A'l‘hltBUltY, Clarkston, Mii-li.

Wyckoll and Blanchard £35,353. 519.32.;





raised. Trap nested heavy winter layers. E gs 10035.

50 $3. 15 $1. I“. E. BOSTEDOR, Eaton Rapids. Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





DOG S.





 





TRAINE foxhounds and hound pups for hunting

fox and ocean. Also collies. Inclose

2-cent stamp. W. E. LECKY. Holmesville, Ohio.





()0 WRITE W. J. ROSS. Rochester Michigan,

for those beautiful sable and white Collie Puppies.

of the finest breeding, and from stock workers.





 





 





 

 





This same





 





Cabbage Weighing

24 Pounds in March





raised in Southern Alabama, Western Florida. and along the Gulf

Coast, with shipping season commenci

commandin from 32.00 to 82.50 per crate at. shippin in





.150 per acre, and, in addition, an exec ent forage crop,





3 Crops a Season From Same Land





No long winters, but an average of 812 worki dn in ear.

Stock needs little protection and thrives on grarizgl'ng Rongand

with an abundance of. good water. Send for our booklets and

read of the actual experiences of former Northern and Western

farmers who are re. idly becoming rich off the fertile lands at

Alabama, Georgia, ennessee, Mississippi and Western Florida.





l0" WWI-TRIP RATES Isl AID 3d TUESDAYS EACH MOI“!





G. A. PARK, Gen’l Immigraan and Industrial Agent

Innisvllle & Nashville R. R.





 

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

 





early in March, and

8 PO to

ad then planted in sweet otatocs will yield 810060





Room 256 Louisville, Ky.





M





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





. .1.





 





 





 





ye





Sections, Foundation. Bee Veils, Smokers. A complete line of supplies for bee keescrs, ready





for immediate shipment.





A. G. WOODMAN CO.





 

 





 





 

   





Protection Hives, 40-page catalog, free. Bees Wax





Hives, Sections, Comb Foundation, Smokers, etc. Berry Baskeis‘a Crates.





We can save you freight'expense, and make prom t. shipments.

' Send for catalog. Will quote low prices on large quantities.





M. II. HUNT 8 SON, 110 Condit St., Lansing, Mich.





ante





Grand Rapids, Mich.
502 £14) '





WW‘ T'W





MARKETS ’





WWW“





DETROIT WHOLESALE MARKETS.





April 26, 1911.

Grains and Seeds.



Wheat—Transactions have been upon

upon a higher basis this past week than

for several weeks back, the main strength

to the market coming from Europe where

the demand has been good and where

competition between Liverpool and the

markets on the continent have been keen

to divert cargoes from foreign lands. The

world's supply was decreased 3,456,000

bushels during the week, which is nearly

two million bushels greater decrease than

for last week and a million greater than

for the same week a year ago. There

was some call for cash wheat from mill—

ers. On the other hand, the weather has

excelled itself in providing conditions for

the growing plant, and everywhere re-

ports are bearish to the trade so far as

this country is concerned. Canada prom-

ises that 11,000,000 acres of the cereal

will be grown by her this coming year.

The spring wheat district is favored with





 





 





splendid conditions for getting _ in the

crop and the bulk of tlie seeding has

. been finished. One year ago the price





for l\'o. 2 red wheat was $1.08 per bu.

Quotations for the past week are:

‘ No. 2 No. 1





Red ‘White.‘ May. July.

Thursday ...... 89 .8714 .899; .8856

Friday . . . . . . . .89 .871A), .8934 38%

Saturday ...... 891/; .88 .9014 .89

lVlonday ....... 89 .871/2 .893/4 .881/2

Tuesday ....... 881/2 .87 .891/4, .88

“'edncsday ‘. . .831}; .8714 .891/2 .8814





Corn.——Quotations for corn have shown

greater advances than those for wheat.

The general position of the trade is bull-

isli; however, the recent improvement in

prices has brought forth holdings and

boosted receipts but so far not to an ex~

tent that checks the advancing figures.

The dcmand is good. One year ago the

priCe for No. 3 corn was 60c per bu. Quo-

tations for the past week are:





1\o. 3 N0. 3



Com Yellow.

Thursday ................ 51 13/, 53 94

Friday ................... 5‘ 1/2 54

Saturday ................. 531,4; 55

Monday .................. I 1 :1 1,1; 5:)

Tuesday .................. 5.1 513

Wednesday ............... 513;, 11.11/2'





Oats—The tendency of the out deal is

to leave the other grains go as they will,

for while wheat and corn were declining

oats were steady and during the past

week when the other grains were bullish,

oats appeared to gain no enthusiasm

from the situation and still remained

steady. The volume of trade in this grain

is small; however, the receipts and ship-

ments by Chicago dealers run a little

larger than for 1910. One year ago the

price for standard oats was 44c per bu.

Quotations for the week are:



Standard No.3

VV





’hite.

Thursday .. . .............. 361/19, 36

Friday . . . ................. 361/2 36

Saturday ................. 36 i}; 361/,

Monday . . . . .............. 36 351/2

Tuesday ................. 36 351/;

Wednesday .............. 36 351/2





Beans—There is nothing new in this

deal. No trading is being done and quo-

tations are announced at the figures rul-

ing last week. They are:





Cash. Oct.

Thursday ................ $1.95 $1.75

Friday ..................... 1.95 1.75

Saturday ................... 1.65 1.75

Ivlonday .................... 1.95 1.75

Tuesday . . . . . ............... 1.95 1.75

\Vednesday ................ 1.95 1.80





Clover Seed.-——Scarcity of seed caused

an advance of 25c per bu. for clover seed





on Monday. Alsike is steady. Quotations

for the week are;



Prime Alsike.

Thursday .................. $8.75 $8.75

Friday ..................... 8.75 8.75

Saturday .................. 8.75 8.75

Monday .................... 8.75 8.75

Tuesday ................... 9.00 8.75

Wednesday ................ 9.00 8.75





Rye.—Tho tone of this market is firm

at the price ruling last week, 93c per bu.

for No. 1.



Timothy Seed.FThis product is active,

with the price firm at $5.25 per bu., the

quotation reported a week ago.



Flour, Feed, Provisions, Etc.





Flour.—Market is dull with prices

steady. Quotations are:

Clear ............... . ............ . .3475

Straight .................... . . 4.65

l’atent hIichigan .................... 4.90

Ordinary Patent ..................... 4.90



Hay and Straw.—~Hay and eat straw

are higher. Rye straw is down. The

movement shows limited offerings. Quo-





tations on baled hay in car lots f. o. b.

Detroit are: No. 1 timothy, $18: No. 2

timothy, $166017; clover, mixed, $156016;

rye straw, $7; wheat and oat straw, $6.50

per ton.



Feed—Prices are steady with a week

ago. Carlot prices on track are: Bran,

$27 per ton; coarse middlings, $26; fine

middlings, $28; cracked corn, $22; coarse

corn meal, $22; corn and oat chop, $20

per ton.



Potatoes.——-The arrival of new potatoes

from Florida and Texas has given the

trade in old potatoes 8. duller tone. There

is no change in quotations. In car lots

MTchigan potatoes are selling at 45c per

bushel.



Provisions.——Family pork, $19@20;mess

pork, $16.50; medium clear, $18.50@19.50;

smoked hams, 13@14c; briskets, 91é61710c;

shoulders, 10%0; picnic hams, 9%0; bacon,

141460141,éc; pure lard in tierces, 8%0;

kettle rendered lard, 9%0.



Hides.-——No. 1 cured, 10c; No. 1 green,

8c; No. 1 cured bulls, 8%0; No. 1 green

bulls, 7c; No. 1 cured veal kip, 11c; No.

1 green veal kip, 10c; No.’ 1 cured mur-





rain, 9c; No. 1 green murrain, 8c; No. 1,

cured calf, 15c; No. 1 green calf, 131760;

No. 2 kip and calf, 1%c off; No. 2 hides

10 off; No. 1 horsehides, $3.75; No. 2

horsehides, $2.75; sheepskins, depending

on wool, 5006113150.

Dairy and Poultry Products.



Butter.——The large butter markets all

report firmness and quote an advance in

values which is due to the free move-

ment of the product. There is a good

supply. Dairies are steady. Quotations

are: Extra creainery, 22c; firsts, do., 20c;

dairy, 16c; packing stock, 131/20 per 1b.



Eggs.—’l‘he operations of storage. men,

coupled with the usually urgent call from

consumers, have lifted prices ll/zc the

past week, and trading continues firm on

the higher basis. The quotation now is

17c per dozen for current receipts, cases

included.



Poultry.——No alterations are made in

the prices here. The demand is fair and





supplies ordinary. Quotations: Dressed

-—'l‘urkcys, 166p20c; chickens, 1660170;





hens, 16611170; ducks, 1760180; geese, 12@

14c per lb. Live—Spring chickens, 1561)

16c; hens, 1560160; old roosters, 10c; tur-

keys, 156918c; geese, 12@18c.



Cheese.——Michigan, old, 15@16c; Mich-

igan, late, 13601413. York state, old, 160;

do. late made, 14c; limburger. early, 14@

15c; Swiss domestic block, 1660180; cream

brick, 1563160.



Veal.—Market 71/20;

choice, 7c per lb.

Fruits and Vegetables.

Cranberries.—Steady. Quoted at $4.75



per bu.



Cabbage.—Selling at $175602 per crate.



Onions.—Steady. Quoted at 31.755602 per

bushel.



Apples.~The demand is active at ad-

vanced prices last week. Baldwins, $6.50

617; Steel reds, $6.506v7; ordinary grades,

$150605 per bbl. \Vestern apples, 552.7563

3 per box.





easier. Fancy,





OTHER MARKETS.





 





Grand Rapids.



Eggs are 1,30 higher, local jobbers pay-

ini,r the trade 151/20. Dairy butter is

worth 18c; creamery, 21%c. Dressed hogs

are worth 7523,6080. I’rices paid for live





poultry delivered are as follows: Fow'ls,

13c; spring chickens, 15c; broilers, 26c;





turkeys, ltlc; ducks, 16c; geese, 12c. The

potato market fluctuates a little but on

the whole is stronger than last week, the

prices paid ranging from 3561145c. Farin-

ers haven't much stock left and are

likely to get good prices. Local dealers





are si-tongiy urging growers to change

their seed, putting in Burbank’s and





place of the Rurals,

which have run out. May is scarce and

iigh, timothy bringing $216022. \Vheat

is higher, the mills quoting at 85c.





lrish Cobblers in





Chicago.

TVheaL—No. 2 red, 9061903516; May,

8916c; July, 870 per bu.

Corn—No. 2, 5261i5zl/ge; May, 51%c;





July, 521/,c per bu.



Oats—No. 2 white, 321/136133c; May,

311/3c: .luly, Sltéc.



Bai'lcy.—-ly[alting grades,

bu; feeding, 7061900.



13111101‘.~~'.l‘lle firmer tone noted last

week continues in evidcnce and has re-

sulted in a slight improvement in prices

of the better grades of creamei‘y. Re-

ceipts continue liberal. Quotations are:

Creameries, 146022c; dairies, extra, 180.



Eggs—Buying for storage has begun,

having been delayed longer than usual

by the cold, backward spring and the

possibility of legislation affecting cold

storage products. This demand for stor-

age purposes has had a bracing effect

and all grades have advanced 2c per doz.

since this time last week. Quotations

are: Prime firsts, 17c; firsts, 161/gc per

doz; at mark, cases included, 1560151/20

per dozen.



Potatoes—Despite heavy receipts this

market held firm throughout last week,

prices at times showing a little improve—

ment over the figures given one week ago.

This week, however, the demand shows

signs of waning and under continued lib-

eral offerings the market is weakening,

although thus far prices are even with

last week's low mark. Choice to fancy

are quoted at 56@58C per bu; fair to

good, 52@55c.



Beans—Most of the recent advance has

been lost, all kinds being quoted lower;

market steady under a quiet demand.

Choice hand-picked beans quoted at $262

2.05 per bu; prime, $1.90@1.95; red kid-

neys, $275633 per bu.



Hay and Straw. Market firm with all

grades of hay 50c611$1 higher. All kinds of

straw show a similar advance. Quota-

tions are: Choice timothy, $20.50@21.50;

No. 1 timothy, $196120; No. 2 do. and No.

1 mixed, 317.50.601850; No. 3 do. and No.

2 mixed, 31461161116; rye straw, $86139; oat

straw, $76178; wheat straw, $6@7 per ton.





$1@1.17 per





 





 





New York.



Butter—Market is higher and steady,

with a fair movement. Creamery spe-

cials are quoted at 23@231,§c; extras,

2231,12. .



Eggs—Market is firm and higher on

all lines. Fresh gathered extras, 19c;

firsts, 18146318640; seconds, 16.617161/20;

storage packed, firsts, 18%@18%c.





 





Poultry—Dressed, easy. Fowls, 14@

16c; turkeys, 15611200.

Boston.





WOOL—The work of clearing bins for

the new clip continues under rather

steady market conditions. Sacrificing of

prices is not extensive and appears to be

to close out the old crop. Inquiries are

for lots in all lines. The brokers are now

getting their agents into the field who

are contracting for both shorn and un-

shorn wool. As yet competition for new

wool has not developed to an extent that

will aid farmers, but the attention of the

trade is turning to the growmg states.

The leading domestic quotations range

as follows: Ohio and Pennsylvania

fieeces—Delaine washed, 30c; XX, 28@

29c; 1,5 blood combing, 26@27c; % blood





a





1





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





combing, 25@26c; 1,4, blood combing, 24@

241;“; fine unmerchantable, 23@24c; de-

laine unwashed, 24c; fine unwashed, 19c.

Michigan, Wisconsin, and New York

fleeces—~Fine unwashed, 17@18c; delaine

unwashed, 23c;

Kentucky, Indiana and

blood, 25c; 14 blood, 23c.

Elgln.



Button—Market firm at 22c per 1b.,

which is 1c above the quotation of last

week. Output for the week. 536,600 lbs,

as compared with 516,000 lbs. for the

previous week.





Missouri—%





THE LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





 





Buffalo.



‘ April 24, 1911.

(Special report by Dunning & Stevens,

New York Central Stock Yards,

East Buffalo, N. Y.)



Receipts of stock here today as follows:

Cattle, 160 cars; hogs, 16,800; sheep and



lambs, 21,600; calves, 2,500.



With 160 cars of cattle on sale here

today, and with 36,000 reported in Chi—

cago, our market was slow and 1060150

lower than last week, on all grades of

steer cattle, and about steady on the fe—

male stuff and bulls.



\Ve quote: Best 1,350 to 1,500-lb. steers

$6.106116.35; good prime 1.200 to 1,300-lb.

do., $575606; best 1,100 to 1,200-lb. ship-

ping stcers, $5.40@5.75; medium butcher

steers, 1,000 to 1,100 lbs., 555.251.295.50; light

butcher steers, $475605; iest fat cows,

$435605; fair to good do., $3.40@4.15;

common to medium do., $353.50; trim—

mers, $250613; best fat heifers, $5.25@

5.75; good do., $460615; fair to good do.,

$4614.50; stock heifers, $4.256i4.50; best

feeding steers, dehorned, 34.806125; medi—

um to good feeding steers, 34.50611475;

stockers, all grades, 33.75/44; best bulls,

$5615.25; bologna bulls, $461465; stock

bulls, fair to good, $3,306,114; best milkers

and springers, $5061.65; good to best do.,

$456150; common to good do., $256235.



The hog marekt opened slow today,

with all grades selling generally 1560200

lower than Saturday, being influenced by

heavy receipts and lower prices in west-

ern markets. Trade ruled fairly active

at the prices after the opening. The bulk

of the good quality mixed and York

weights sold at $6.45, with a few of the

selected _\r'oi'kers and pigs at $6.50. The

heavier grades sold down to $6.25@6.35;

rough sows generally from $5.2561;5.30;

slugs from $125615. The hogs are fairly

well cleaned ufi. cxccpt a few late arri-

vals; late prices ruling easy.



lamb iiiniket opencd active today;

most of till? choice handy clipped lambs

selling at $5.506115.55: few at $5.60; wool





lambs. $6.25(1’1,6.50. and very slow; about

two leads choice light at $6.60: heavy

wools, 3655061515: few at $3.75. Look for

about steady prices the balance of the

week unless receipts should be heavy.

Sheep market was dull today; most of

the choice ewes selling at 5835060375;





wethcrs, $385614. Look for about steady

prices on sheep balance of week.



1V0 quote: Best handy clips, $55060

5.55; heavy clips, 616061470; bucks, $2.50

6173.25; best wool lambs, 36.25.616.50; heavy

do., $5.50fi15.65; yearlings, $4.25@4.50;

wethers, $385614; ewes, 33.506.113.75; cull

sheep, $150613; veals, choice to extra,

15112360650; fair to good do., $525606;

heavy calves, $3.506i14.50.





 





Chicago.

April 24, 1911.

Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.

llcccived today ...... 26,000 56,090 18,000

Same day last year..23,203 17,847 14,948

lit.’("31V(3tl last week..41,4$)8 111,649 77,414

Saint-i week last year.59,116 90,210 55,206





There does not appear to be any hope

for the cattle market unless the receipts

are decreased materially, and today’s

liberal supply made matters worse than

ever. Following last week’s break of 10

6i;15c in beef steers, there was a further

reduction of 1561250 all along the line,

with but a small percentage going above

36 and some choice hcavy beeves going

at $6.25. Cattle of good grade sold around

$6, and butcher stock was off about 100,

following last week‘s bad close, some lots

having sold then 2561,40c lower than a

weck earlier. Hogs reached a still lower

range of prices, sales being slow, and it

was a question whether cattle or hogs

were the dullest. Hog prices broke 1562

20c, following last week’s break of 10@

250, with sales at $5.7061‘G.20, and no large

number selling near the top figures. The

liberal receipts created a good deal of

surprise, and sellers were greatly disap-

pointed, fearing that a much lower scale

of prices will be established unless mar-

keting is greatly checked. The hogs were

mainly choice in quality, with well ma-

tured lots greatly predominating. Sheep

and lambs were steady, with a good de-

mand, the supply being within reasonable





bounds. Clipped consignments were sal-

able as follows: Lambs, $4635.50; ewes,

$315634; wethers, 3535060425; yearlings,





642562475. Feeding and shearing lambs

were wanted at $5.506o5.75, with a few

offered. They are wanted to graze dur-

ing the summer, pasturage being uncom-

monly promising. Exporters are doing

very little buying, and only one lot was

purchased for export last week. '

Cattle were poor sellers as a rule last

week, due to the widespread con-

sumption of beef rather than to large

offerings of cattle, for the supply could

not be called especially large.

16,000 cattle arrived on Monday, usually

the big day of the week, and in ordinary

times this would bring about advances of

15@725c, but the rise only took in a mod-

erate percentage of the offerings, and

even these sold only about a dime higher.

There was the usual meager Tuesday

supply, and prices were steady, while on

\Vednesday, with receipts of only about

18,000 head, prices declined mostly 10@

15c, while some lots declined all of 25c,

butcher stock breaking 10@15c. A little

better tone to trade was witnessed

Thursday, with limited receipts, but the

market was scarcely any higher. .The





14. blood, unwashed, 250.»





Only about,





\.

- . . APRIL 29; 1911;





week’s ruling prices‘ were the lowest seen





in a. long time, with a large share 'of the“





sales of beef steers at-$5.50@6.45, the

commoner lots fetching $5605.50 and the

better class $6.25@6.75. Medium lots sold

at $5.60@5.95 and good killers at $6606.45.

Export steers were salable at $5.60@6.10,

and good to choice yearlings went at $6@

6.50. Cows and heifers had a fair sale

at 3340611590, while cutters went at $361)

3.35, canners at $2.35@2.95 and bulls at

$3.506p5.50 Eggs are unusually abundant

and exceptionally cheap, and they are

largely substituted for beef. Stockers





and feeders had a restricted sale because





of their dearness, notwithstanding the

declines that have taken place from time

to time in all except the best of these

cattle. Stockcrs sold at $4655.50 and

feeders at $5615.85, while stock and feed-

er heifers Were salable at $3.45@4.65.

Calves were marketed in large numbers,

over 18,000 arriving Tuesday, known as

“calf day,” the larger part coming from

dairy districts tributary to Chicago.

Naturally, they went at a low range of

prices, inferior heavy to choice light veal

calves fetching $3616.50 per 100 lbs. Milk~

ers and springers were in moderate de-

mand at $306p65 per head, the best sellers

being choice Holstein cows, which were

wanted to ship east.



Hogs have been getting in a bad way

of late, with frequent reductions in

prices, even when the offerings are much

smaller in numbers than a short time

ago. Recent sales were at the lowest

prices recorded in nearly two years and

a half, breaks of 2560300 taking place in

two consecutive days, and the eastern

shipping demand was about the only

thing that checked the downward move-

ment. Farmers continue to make most

of their hogs good and fat, as corn is

plentiful and cheap, and the hogs arriv—

ing here recently have been averaging 238

lbs. in weight, which is four pounds

lighter than a few weeks ago, but isnine

pounds heavier than a year ago and 27

lbs. heavier than two years ago. \\'ith

a continued marked scarcity of light ba-

con hogs and pigs, these offerings are still

market toppers constantly, while the ex-

tremely heavy packing hogs sell lowest

of all. Corn planting will naturally check

the marketing of hogs for the next few

weeks, but next summer there will be

lots of fall fart-owed pigs ready to ship.

’\‘.'estern packing since March 1 shows an

increase of 1,060,000 hogs over a year ago,

but western packing for the year ending

March 1 was 2,406,729 less than a year

earlier. The government report shows

the number of brood sows in the country

April l was estimated as 10 per cent

larger than a year earlier.



Sheep and lambs have been quick to

sell of late and slow to advance in val-

ue, and it has been evident that the mar-

ket was not in a condition to stand lib-

eral supplies. The receipts have come

mainly shorn, although numerous Colo-

rado consignments came with the wool

on their backs. Lambs have been the

favorites with most buyers, and prime





lots that were fat and not heavy sold

much the best. The shipping demand





continucd to center in fat handy—weight

lambs, and heavy lambs, as well as heavy

sheep, sold at a serious disadvantage. N0

considerable supplies of spring lambs are

showing up in the market as yet.



Horses had a better outlet last week,

there being a good attendance of ont~of-

town buyers, especially on the big days,

and as country shippers did not glut the

innrizct, the recent decline in prices re-

ceived a check. Scrubs sold as low as $35

pcr head and choice drafters and drivers

as high as $250, while fancy horses of

either class would bring $2756i1300 or even

higher, were any offered. \Vagon horses

were good sellers at 51515060200, these ani—

mals weighing 1,400 to 1,500 lbs., and

farm horses were salable at $1406D265,

mares adapted for breeding bringing the

most money. Good chunks weighing up

to 1,600 lbs. had a good sale at‘$200@

235, and matched pairs brought $100in

490. some of the choicer animals weighing

as much as 1,700 lbs. F.





LIVE STOCK NOTES.





 





Mexico reports plenty of cattle and

good grass. it is now expected that large

supplies of cattle will be exported from

Mexico to the United States this year,

provided conditions continue favorable,

the only present obstacle being the war in

that republic.



Nearly all the hogs coming to market

this year are fat, and even the pigs are

fat, due to the abundance of cheap corn.

This means a lot of trouble for the bacon

curers, who look upon a. bunch of lean

pigs as a prize package.



The increasing demand for goat hides

for tanning and making into shoes has

created a large demand for goats, and

much higher prices are paid than a few

years ago. Nowhere near enough goats

are raised in the United States to meet

such requirements, and great numbers of

tanned and raw goat skins are imported

annually from Mexico at high prices,

these skins being no.better than those

from Arizona, New Mexico and Texas

goats.



Over in Canada, Ontario, farmers and

stockmen are feeding about 40,000 head

of western cattle, and farmers are mak-

ing a better grade of beef than formerly.

it is not many years since a big percent-

age of these Canadian cattle slaughtered

for home consumption did not average

in weight more than 1,000 lbs., but times

changed much in this respect, and now

the popular call is for cattle that will

weig. from 1,200 to 1,300 lbs. This grow-

ing popularity of high-grade beef for

Canadian consumption is seriously dimin-

ishing the available supply of beeves for

the export trade. ‘



A sale has been made of 86,000 acres

of the L. X. ranch in Texas for more

than $500,000. The buyer will use the

land as a. developing place for the steers

from his breeding ranch in another

county.





 





 





 





 





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H-F‘:





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' ~' THIS is THE .F‘iRBT EDITION.





—-———_—





1;; a... first edition the Detroit Live





'Sto‘ok markets are reports of last week;





all other markets are right .11 to date.

Thursday’s Detroit Live Stoc markets

are given in the last edition. The first

edition is mailed Thursday, the last edi-

tion'Frlday morning. The first edition is

mailed to those who care more to get the

paper early than they do for Thursday's

Detroit Live Stock market report. You

may have any edition desired. Subscrib-

ers may change from one edition to an-

other by dropping us a card to that effect.





DETROIT—EIVEETOCK MARKETS.

Thursday's Market. ,

April 20, 1911.

~ Cattle.





Receipts, 1,161. Bulls 10@15c and all

other grades 25c lower than last week and

dull. —



“'e quote: Best steers and heifers, $5.65

@575; steers and heifers, 1,000 to 1,200,

$5.25@5.50; steers and heifers, 800 10

1,000, $5@5.25; steers and heifers that are

fat, 500 to 700, $4.25@4.75; choice fat cows,

$4.50@4.65; good fat cows, $4@4.25; com-

mon cows, $3.25@3.50; canners, $2.50

3.15; choice heavy bulls, $4.75@4.80; fair

to good bolognas, bulls, $4.50; stock bulls,

$3.50@4.25; choice feeding steers, 800 to

1,000, $4.75@5.25; fair feeding steers, 800

to 1,000, $4@4.50; choice stockers, 500 to





'700, $4.25@4.75; fair'stockers, 500 to 700,

‘33.50@4‘; stock heifers, $3‘.25@4; milkers,





large, young, medium age, $40@55; com-

mon milkers, ’$25@35. .



toe Com. Co. sold Holy 2 cows av 820

at $3; to Kull 15 steers av 1,001 at $5.85;

to Hammond, S. & Co. 22 do av 1,035 at

$5.50, 2 do av 960 at $4.50.



liisnop, B. & H. sold Scheur 7 cows av

93] at $3.50; to Hammond, S. & Co. 2

steers av 1,150 at $5.85, 8 do av 856 at

$5.35, 1 do weighing 670 at $5, 7 do av

1,011 at $5.25, 11 do av 981 at $5.40,

butchers av 860 at $4.75, 4 do av 807 at

$5,'2 cows av 1,110 at $4.25; to Sullivan

P. CO. 8 do av 909 at $4.50; to Ford Farm-

ing Co. 1 do weighing 860 at $3.60, 3 do

av 026 at $3.50, 1 do weighing 950 at $3.50,

4 do av 865 at $3.50, 2 do av 765 at $3.50,

1. do weighing 1,200 at $4.50; to Newton

B. CO. 2 steers av 720 at $4.25; to Ham-

mond, S. & Co. 5 do av 1,054 at $5, 16 do

av 971 at $5.60, 6 do av 715 at $5.25, 3 do

av 1,173 at $5.50, 15 do av 930 at $5.30, 2

cows av 1,085 at $4, 1 do weighing 1,060





. at $4.75, 3 do av 033 at $3.75, 1 bull





weighing 1,160 at $4.50; to Reed 2 cows

av 825 at $3.75; to Breitenbeck 24 steers

av 892 at $5, 3 cows av 837 at $4.15, 1 do

weighing 670 at $3.50; to Parker, \l'. 8.:

Co. 2 do av 1,000 at $4.50, 3 bulls av 790

at $4.75, 4 steers av 930 at $5.50, 1 bull

weighing 1,500 at $5, 25 steers av 981 at

$5.60; to Kamman 15 do av 940 at $5.10;

to Thompson Bros. 1 bull weighing 750

zit-$4; to Goose 3 cows av 933 at $4.50; to

Dan Sutton 17 feeders av 833 at $5.25; to

Regan"? heifers av 508 at $4.50; to Bres-

nailan"7"steers av 1,000 at $5.25; to Regan

7 heifers av 647 at $4.50; to Hammond,

S. & Co. 3 cows av 1,000 at $4.50, 2 steers

av 1,110 at $4; to Sullivan P. Go. 3 do av

1,180 at $5.50; to Otto 23 feeders av 820

at $5.25; to Newton B. Co. 13 do av 1,000

at $5.35, 11 do av 843 at $5.25, 23 do av

1,056 at $5.25, 22 do av 1,072 at $5.50.



Spicer & R, sold Kull 4 butchers av

757 at $5, 1 bull weighing 1,450 at $5, 1

heifer weighing 875 at $5, 2 steers av 650

at $4, 5 cows and bulls av 1,060 at $4.75,

1. canner weighing 770 at $2.50, 1 cow

weighing 920 at $4.50; to Reed 1 do weigh-

ing 920 at $3.50, 2 do av 840 at $3.60; to

Prath 1 heifer weighing 400 at $5.



Johnson sold Bresnahan 15 steers av

986 at $5.60. ‘



Downing sold same 2 heifers av 560 at

$4.75, 2 cows av 985 at $3.50.



Street sold Kamman B. Co. 2 steers av

925 at $5, 16 do av 1,058 at $5.40.



Kendall sold same 26 steers av 1,036 at

$5.40.



Robb sold Newton B. Co. 2 cows av

1,570 at $5, 18 butchers av 936 at $5.25.



Kendall sold Breitenbeck 4 bulls av

1,012 at $4.



Haley & M. sold Prath 1 heifer weigh-

ing 620 at $5.40; to Newton B. Co. 15

steers av 920 at $5.35; to Bresnahan 2

cows av 975 at $3.75, 4 do av 782 at $3.50;

to Thompson Bros. 5 cows av 1,132 at

$4.25, 2 do av 895 at $3.50; to Sullivan P.

Co. 2 do av 1,220 at $3.60.



Lowenstein sold Sullivan 8 cows av

1,060 at $4.60, 4 do av 930 at $3.25, 1 bull

weighing 1,580 at $4.50.



Veal Calves.



leceipts, 1,231. Market 25c lower than

\Vednesday; $1@,1.25 lower than

Thursday. Best, $5.75@6; others, $4@

5.50; milch cows and springers steady.



Roe Com. Co. sold Street 47 av 135 at

$6, 9 av 140 at $5.



l-laley & M. soldMich. B. CO. 16 av



125 at $6.75; to Goose 10 av 112 at $4, 4

av 145 at $3.50; to McGuire 20 av 140 at

15.25.

3) Spicer & R. sold Golden 10 av 130 .at

$5; to Parker, W. & C0. 14 av 125 at $6;

to Goose 5 av 115 at $5, 26 av 135 at $5.50,

5 av 110 at $5, 2 av 170 at $4.50; to Street

7 av 140 at $6.50, to Brown 76 av 133 at

$6; to McGuire 4 av 135 at $6, 8 av 130

at $6.50, 2 av 145 at $6.25.



Bishop, B. & H.’sold Sullivan P. Co. 2

av 120 at $5.50; to Burnstine 20 av 145 at

$6; to Mich. B. Co. 11 av 130 at $6.50; to

Goose 6 av 135 at $6; to Sullivan P. Co.

7 av 150 at $6, 3 av 120 at $5, 3 av 160 at

$6.25, 3 av110 at $5; to Parker, W. & Co.

16 av 140 at $6.50, 3 av 95 at $5, 4 av

140 at $6. a ' .



. Sheep and Lambs’.



Receipts, 3,005. Wool lambs very dull

and 15c lower tha‘ on Wednesday. Clips

steady. Better lip all grades before

sending to market hereafter.



Best weal lambs. $6@6.10; fair to good

wool. lambs, 855010575; light to clop com-

mon lambs, .,$8._50@4; best clips, $4.75@5;

fair to: good sheep, “@450; culls and

common, 52.50363; clipped .sheep, $3.75

@425 . ,





 





93 at 36.10. 16 sheep av 47 'at $4.50, 41

lambs 'av 75 at $5.10; to Sullivan P. Co.

58 do av 70 at $5.10. »



Bishop, B. & H. sold Sullivan P. Co.

51 sheep av 70 at $4; to Newton B. Co. 123

lambs av 75 at $5.10; to Thompson Bros.

33 do av 90 at $4.50, 30 sheep av 95 at

$4.50, 27 do av 100 at $4.50, 38 lambs av

75 at $5, 89 do av 75 at $5, 40 sheep av 60

at $4.25, 11 do av 70 at $3.75; to Mich. B.

Co. 99 lambs av 68 at $6.50; to Bement

99 do av 70 at $6.35, 122 do av 85 at $4.90;

to Street 11 do av 105 at $5.50; to Mich.

B. Co. 13 sheep av 100 at $4, 44 lambs av

78 at $5.25, 50 do av 80 at $5.15; to Fitz-

patrick Bros. 43 do av 77 at $5, 2 sheep

av 140 at $3.50, 22 do av 68 at $4; to

Breitenbeck 5 do av 100 at $4, 12 do av

77 at $4.50, 20 do av 80 at $3.25.



Spicer & R. sold Newton B. Co. 10

lambs av 67 at $6.15; to Thompson Bros.

8 sheep av 70 at $3.85; to Mich. B. Co.

34 lambs av 90 at $5.25.



Haley & M. sold Street 34 lambs av 85

at $5.25, 13 do av 75 at $5.





ogs.



Receipts, 6,575. Bidding 5@10c lower

than last Thursday or this week Wed-

nesday; none sold up to noon.



Range of prices: Light to good butch-

ers, $6.25; pigs, $6.30; light yorkers, $6.25;

heavy, $6.10.



Spicer & it. sold Hammond, S. & Co.

340 av 180 at $6.25.



Haley & M. sold same 450 av 180 at

6.25.

$ Sundry shippers sold same 709 av 175

at $6.25. ~ ‘ -



Ree Com. Co. sold Sullivan P. Co. 350

av 190 at $6.25, 86 av 180 at $6.30.





 





Frlday's Market.

April 21, 1911.





Cattle.

Receipts this week. 1,397; last week,

1,615. Market steady at Thursdays

prices.





We quote: Rest steers and heifers,

$5.65; stems and heifers, 1,000 to 1,200

lbs., 2552561550; steers and heifers, 800 to

1,000 lbs., $5655.25; steers and heifers that

arc fat, 500 to 700 lbs., 34.2361483; choice

fat cows, 5545060475; good fat cows. $4

4.25; common cows, $3.25@3.50; canners,

32.5069315; choice heavy bulls, $4.50@

4.75; fair to good bologna bulls, $4.25@

4.50; stock bulls, $350614; choice feeding

steers, 800 to 1,000 lbs, $4.75fip5.25; fair

feeding steers, 800 to 1,000 lbs, $4004.50;

choice stockers, 500 to 700 lbs., $4.25@

4.75; fair stockcrs, 500 to 700 lbs, $3.50@4;

stock heifers, 33.2569375; milkers, large,

young, medium age, $4063.65; common

milkers, $25o35.



Veal Calves.



Receipts this week, 1,577; last week,

2,032. Market steady at Thursday’s

prices; best, 35.756716; others, $4@5.-Milch

cows and springers steady.



Sheep and Lambs.

Receipts this week, 3,158; last week,





4,205. Market steady at Thursday‘s

prices. Run very light. Best wool lambs





$6.25; fair to good wool lambs, $550616;

light to common clipped lambs, $441,141.75;

best clipped lambs, $5655.10; fair to good

slu-ep,- $4104.50; culls and common,

$2.25@3.



Hogs.



Receipts this week, 8,629; last week,

9,699. Market steady at Thursday’s

prices. Light to good butchers, $6.25@

6.30; pigs, $6.30; light yorkors, $6.30;

heavy, $6616.15.





(Continued from page 499).





He, with others charged with the same

crime, is being hurried to California to

stand trial.

Foreign. -



Moving picture views of rioting in Paris

on April 12 have become valuable aids

to the prosecution of the rioters, which

is being conducted by the government.



It is reported that President Diaz has

summoned Ccncral Rayes from Europe

to aid in the scttling of affairs in Mex-

ico. Gen. Rayes was formerly war minis-

ter of the repuldic, and was the opposing

candidate to Diaz in the last presidential

campaign. For many months he has

been living in Europe. An armistice has

been signed between General Madero of

the rebel forces and General Navarro, of

the government, which provides that war

operations be suspended for five days

during which time motions to suspend

operations will be considered by repre-

sentatives of the two forces. The liberal

attitude of President Diaz seems to be





1,th responsible for the present hopeful sit-

' abution.





lly plunging through a bridge and over

a, gorge a train on the Kowie line, of

Soum Africa, crushed to death 32 per-

sons.



Some uncertainty exists just now as to

when the Canadian parliament will pass

the reciprocity agreement since it lies

in the power of the minority to force the

issue onto the electorate.



Twenty—nine deaths from bubonic

plague were reported from Amoy, Indo-

Chiua since the plague broke out a fort-

night ago.



French troops are moving rapidly to

reach Fez, Morocco, and relieve the in—

habitants from the attack of the rebels

who are surrounding the capital. in

small engagements "with the tribesmen

the French troops have been successful.



The census of France'shows a drift of

population from the country to the cities.

The population of Paris holds that city as

third in population in the world, the fig-

urcs as given are 2,846,986.



The English house of commons has

taken up the discussion of the stringent

veto measure which provides that when

the lower house passes any measure.

other than money bills, three times at

successive sessions, that the measure will

then become law should the house of

commons so declare after the house of

loards has rejected the same the third

time.





,, “THE MlCHlGAN F’ARMER. '





. Roe Com. Co. sold'Barlage 36 lambs av





CROP AND MARKET NOTES.



Sanllac (30." April 13.—So far April has

not been favorable for anything but wet

weather jobs. The last few days of

March was real winter weather. Farm-

ers are getting a little uneasy to start

seeding, but as yet nothing has been

done. Prospects seem to be favorable

for fruit. Wheat that had a good top

last fall looks well, considering the

spring we have had. ,The lamb crop is

doing well. Dairying is not paying very

good dividends at the present. Small

pigs are rather scarce. Old Sanilac still

ranks with the dry counties. The prices

paid for produce are: “heat, 810, oats,

30c; rye, 70c; potatoes, 300 ler bu; hay,

$12 per ton; hogs, $6.50 on fth creamery

butter, 190; eggs, 14c.



Lapeer 60., April 22.——1Veather cold.

Snow squalls for the past few days.

Ground too cold for wheat and meadows.

Pastures do not grow very fast. Hardly

any cats in yet. Some are plowing, while

many are preparing for oats with culti-

vators and disk barrows. Will say that

at this date last year some fields of cats

were up, as some oats were put in about

the middle of March. Some meadows

have a poor promise at this date While

others are looking fine. Farmers are

kccping their eye on the indicator at

\l'ashington to see what President Tait

and the democrat congress are going to

do. “'e all thank Mr. Lawrence for his

earnest efforts in behalf of the farmer

while at \\‘ashington, using his influence

against reciprocity. Hay is very scarce

at present and brings a big price. On

account of short pastures last fall farm-

ers commenced feeding stock very early

and it has proved to be a long feeding

season in consequence and the winter

supply is now practically exhausted.





LIVE STOCK NOTES.





Farmers throughout the newer portions

of the west arc opening many tracts of

land for farming and stock raising. and

so many of the formcr ranges are being

cut up into mmlcraic—sized farms that

there has been an almost unprecedented

demand this spring for wire for making

fences. Grcal numbcrs of now farmers

have decidcd to go into stock raising on

a. moderate scale, and fields are helm:

fenced in grcul numbers. The result. is

that the nmuul'uciurcrs of fence wire,

have been doing on enormous business,

and it was slulml roccnlly that the .-\m—

erican Stet-l a: Wire. Company had every

Wire and nail plant in full operation. The

wire mills of (,‘hicngo, .loliet, Clcvoland

and those. in its Piltsburg territory have

been running: full blast, and the smaller

independent manufacturers have also

been running to their utmost capacity.



Several of the railroad lines that bring

live stock to the Chicago Stock Yards

have been rendering unsatisfactory sch—

vice for some time past, stock trains get—

ting in greatly behind their schedule

time. and this has re“ulicd in great losses

in numerous instances to stock shippers

to that market, many consignments of

stock arriving too late for the day’s mar-

ket. A few roads have given line service,

but the others appear to be short of cars

and engines, and there was a meeting re-

cently of the cattle and railroad interests

to see what could be done to relieve the

situation. The railroad officials expressed

a desire to do what thcy could to make

better time, but thus far no marked

change in this respcct is apparent.



\Vcstern rangc grasses make fat cat-

tle, hogs and shocp. without the, aid of

corn. This fact was well demonstrated

at the recent \\'l'.‘~‘ll in stock shows, where

fut stock of all classes was exhibited

that never saw corn.



Thousands of range horses will be sold

at public auction in Montana during the.

latter part of May, including mares in

foal, mares with coils by their side, big

draft geldings and small Indian ponies.



The downward course of the hog mar-

ket has caused fcars that the packers

may repeat their boar tactics of 1008 and

place prices at such a low level as to dis-

courage farmers and cause them to

largely cease breeding hogs for the mar—

ket. The packers have extraordinary

power in fixing hog prices, and this is

especially the case when eastern shippers

are small buyers of swine in Chicago and

other ucstcrn markets. It was the great

fall in hog prices that brought about

their later scarcity and the boom to $11

per 100 lbs. last year.



Looking backward. it is shown that

lambs have scored in the Chicago mar-

kct higher top prices and bulk prices

during cvcry month since March, 1904.

than have bccn paid in recent weeks.



Farmers in soullicrn Michigan say that

no year in the last dccadc. has shown a

better condition of winter wheat and

meadows, the outlook for hay and grain

being excellent. Many farmers from the

high—priced farming regions of near-by

slates: are locating in l\lichigan.



llcports from the northwestern rangcs

state that grass is in fine shape, and

similar reports have been received from

1he ranges of southwestern Texas. Cat—

tlc shipments from down there will {ngn

in May, and it is stated that San Antonio

will ship about 50,000 head within a few

months.



Not merely have the offerings of shccp

and lambs in western markets this your

been excessively large in numbers, but

their weights have undergone marked

gains, so that the pounds of mutton were

further greatly augmented, for which

cheap corn must be held responsible.





Late reports say that Texas is likely

to be short on cattle and long on grass

the remainder of this spring and the fol-

lowing summer. Rains have started the

grass in fine shape and brought about

an unprecedented demand for stocker and

feeder cattle, thereby curtailing the prob-

able movement of range stock to Okla-

homa and northern pastures. The best

informed men in that state believe that

stock and breeding cattle will sell on a





r,





(16) 503:





very high basis for the next five years.

In northern Texas strictly choicevim-

lings are bringing $25@30 per headét'a-nd

stock cows, with their calves thrown in,

are selling in the Texas plains region at

$306040 per head. The coast-bredwyear-

lings of southwestern Texas, cattle 0f the

most inferior kind that can be found, are

selling rapidly at $116812.50'~ber head,

their average weight being not over 500

lbs. Two and tlirec—ycar—olds of the same

class are selling for $13@18. Many south-

ern cattle grazcrs are casting longing

eyes at Mexico, thinking the solution of

the scarcity is to be found in bringing

in stock cattle from that country. It is

estimated that southern Texas will mar-

ket between 200,000 and 250,000 cattle this

spring and summer, shipments to be made

chiefly during the months of April, May

and June.



The southern states are awakening to

the great importance of breeding hogs,

as well as cattle and sheep. The Rock

island Railroad Company recently fur--

nished free to the Agricultural College of

the Louisiana State University a special

train of eight cars in which to give lec-

tures and practical demonstrations re-

garding corn and hog raising. The meet-

ings were largely atlended.



Reports come from the southwest that

a conscrvative estimate of the number of

southern Texas cattle to be taken to

northern Texas and Oklahoma quaran-

tinc pastures this spring will not exceed

60 per cent of the number that went

there a year ago. (Jattlemcn generally

in the southwest are going to be long on

grass and short on cattle.





 





 





CATALOG NOTICES.



Detroit Engine \Vorks, Jefferson ave—

nue, corner licllevue, Detroit, Mich” send

out a finely illustrated catalog of elec—

tric lighting plants and electrical sup-

plies, combined with Detroit Kerosene

lungincs to make a complete outfit for

lighting the home.



Michigan Steel Boat Company, Detroit,

Mic-11., have just publishcd u now and

finely illustrated 36—pagc catalog describ—

ing their large line of steel boats for all

purposes, including power launches as

well as row boats. boats for all kinds of

pleasure and sport.



Detroit Boat Company. Detroit, Mich,

“the largest pleasure boat producers in

the world,” are st-nding out, a hundsou‘icly

illustrated 30-pugc catalog describing

their big line of pleasure boats and

launches, offering a great variety of de-

sxgns and sizcs with power to suit.



Detroit Engine \\'orks, Detroit, Mich,

have publishcd u now 36-pnge catalog

illustrating and dcvvribing their line of

stationary engines which run on kero—

sene, as well as gasoline, alcohol, napula

and distillate without change in equip-

ment. '





BOOK NQTICES,





 





Laboratory Manual in Biology. By

Richard \\'. Sharpc, instructor in Biology

Dc \l'itt Clinton High School, New York:

City. In this manual the 56 important

problems of biology urc solved; that is

the principles of biology arc developed

from the laboratory standpoint. It is a.

teacher’s detailed directions put into

print. Cloth, lL'mo, 353 punts. illustrat-

(‘ll. Price, 75 (WWIS. Ainl‘l‘ltilll Hunk (715



Schei‘fel's l0kl<chzwd~~Audifux und lluduL

moth. Edited by (‘harlcs Hurt Hund-

sr-hm,’ Ph. 1)., Prol‘cssor of (lcrmztn,

Miami University, and \\'illi:1m I”. Lucbkc

.\.t 1%., Assistant Professor of German,

Miami l'niversity. Cloth, llimo, 251 pugs-s‘

with notes, exercises, and vocabulary:

Price, 60 cents. American liook (‘ovn-

pany, Chicago. J ‘



(old Testament Narratives. Selected and

edited bylddward Chauncey Baldwin

Assistant l’rofesor of English Literature,

lnlvers1ty of Illinois. The annotations

supply such explanations as are necessary

lor intelligent reading. The introduction

gives a good general View of the Old

’l‘csl'ilmcnt as a work of literature. At

tho (-1111 of the volume arc critical com-

mculs, largcly in the nature of literary

comparisons with such English and Am.—

crlcan poetry as the pupil may reasonably

be expected to lzhow or to have heard of.

Cloth, l6mo, wilh maps, 192 pages. Price

20 Penis. Amcricun Book Company, ’



Argumcnlulion and Debate. RV :loscph

\‘illicrs licuucy. Professor of lilnglish in

the Ohio Sizzlo l'nivcrsiiy; Carson S. Dun—

can, Assistant Professor of English in

the. Ohio Stale l'niversily; and Frank C.

Viz-Kinney, of the New York Bar. This

llt‘\\' book contains a brief discussion of





fuiulau'lcntul principles, appropriate flog-e





gmzlcd exorciscs, :lllll nearly 300 pages of

milchI'pit-(‘Cs of complete debates" on im-

portant questions which have agitated

this country. Cloth, 12mo, 400 pages.

Price, 3 .35. Amcrican Book Company.

Neighborhood l'lutertainmcnls. BV

ltencc B. Stcru, of the Congressional

Library. This :l00-page volume is made

up of a host of suggestions for increasing

tho sociability of country and village

neighborhoods, with specific instructions

for the formation and conduct of social

clubs. Part one, divided into five chap—

ters, deals with clubs, societies and social

ccnlcrs and part two, consisting of seven

chapters, treats of entertainments of dif-

l‘orcnt character and for different sea-

sons of the your. Pricc. 75 cents. Sl‘urgis

61'. \l'ulton Company, New York.

Elements of (lcology. ly liliot Black-

welder, Associate;Professor of Geology,

University of \Visconsin, and Harlan ll.

llarrows, Associate Professor of Gcncral

Geology and Geography, University of

Chicago. The text of this elementary

course is explanatory, seldom merely dc-

scriptivc, and the student gains a knowl-

edge not only of the salient facts in the

history of the earth, but also of the meth-

ods by which those facts have been de-

termined. Cloth, 12mo, 475 pages, with

485 illustrations and 16 full page colored

typographical maps. Price, $1.40. Am-

erican Book Compzfny. ‘
504 M)





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





   





_.__.._7





326





 





 





 





WHICH IS THE REAL LOVE.





 





How often we hear the expression, “She

loves her children so she can’t bear to

deny them a thing.”



When I was a child and heard that re-

mark I always thought with envy of the

lucky children of such a woman. My

mother didn’t seem to be bothered a bit

about denying me a great many things I

wanted, and it seemed hard to think there

were lucky children somewhere who only

had to speak and get their wish. As I

grew older, however, and thought over

the things my mother refused me, I came

to see that I was, after all, the lucky one.

Late hours, dancing parties and beaus at

14 years of age, long dresses and my hair

“done up” at the same age, these were

a few of the privileges and pleasures

forbidden me, and granted to many of my

friends, whose mothers “loved them too

much to deny them.”



I have come to believe that such moth-

ers really love themselves more than they

do their children. They love themselves

so much they can't endure the unpleas-

antness that may arise from refusing the

child its way. if Mary is not allowed her

own way in things she may scream and

cry or sulk and pout. That would make

home unpleasant, and the mother can not

stand that unpleasiiiitncss. So she lets

Mary do as she likes, and keeps things

outwardly peaceful, no matter what the

ills for which she may be paving the way.



=3 8R t



There is the matter of eating. Chil-

dren uSually want to sample everything

they see on the table. There may be

things not at all suited to them, though

all right for adults, but of course the

child mind can not comprehend this un—

less it; is taught. One mother “loves her

child so much she can’t deny it anything,"

so she lets it eat whatever it cries for

and starts a train of stomach ills which

will follow the child through life. An—

other mother loves her child so much she

would rather see it cry a little now than

suffer for years, so she gives the child

only what she knows is good for it, and





as he grows older she explains why he

must be denied certain things.

I! * IV



A case of this indulgent mother love

came to my notice a month ago. A little

girl of ten years, one of those girls we

always speak of as “a bundle of nerves,”

was taken suddenly with convulsions. The

family doctor worked over her for 24

hours, then called in a specialist who at

once said the illness was caused by im-

propei dieting. He laid down a rule of

diet and after remaining with the child

until she was quiet, went away.



In a day or so he was called back again,

the child was worse than before. Ques-

tions revealed the fact that the mother

had disobeyed practically everything he

told her and had given the child nearly

every article of food she had been for-

bidden. The mother’s excuse was that

she felt so sorry for the little one she

couldn’t bear to see her ask for anything

and not give it to her! So she gave her

the very articles of food that. had brought

on her illness in the first place.



In order to save the child's life, the

mother finally had to be excluded from

the room and a nurse installed who had

enough hardness of heart, or plain com-

mon sense, to follow out the doctor’s

rules.



* SK 0



Of course, not all mothers would act so

foolishly, but most of us are guilty of

lapses. Our child teases for something

and we‘ give it to him to be rid of him.

Instead, we should stop to think first if

it is for his ultimate good to grant his

request. Our children are quicker to

see the justice of things than we suspect,

and they will respect us more for a just

refusal than for an unjust compliance

with their wishes. How much better to

deny them now, and have them thank us

for it in later years, than to indulge them

and be told finally, “If you had done your

duty by me you would not have allowed

me so many liberties when I was a child.”



DEBORAH.





 





 





THE ELEMENTARY PRINCIPLES OF

EMBROIDERING.

No. 1.





 





 





BY MAE Y. MAHAFFY.





Very few of us realize until we have

given the subject considerable thought,

how greatly We are indebted to the art

or craft of the needle for much of the

loveliness, refined elegance and actual

comfort we enjoy. Almost every woman

can at least do fairly well the ordinary

plain sewing. The wielding of the needle

in the more common ways seems quite

a matter of inheritance; one might almost

say instinct; Yet there are so many var-

ied, beautiful and practical modes of

utilizing the needle other than those in

demand for plain sewing that it really re—

quires no small amount of study to com-

prehend and ably execute them all. Some

have had no opportunity to delve deeply

into this subject, nor even casually, and

it is for -these that this chapter and those

which will follow are written, the idea of

the writer being to bring to any who wish

to master the craft called embroidery,

some of the most needed helps, both as

a preliminary to the actual formation of

stitches, and in making the stitches them-

selves.



! I! C





Embroidery is of such ancient origin,

and has passed through so many transi-

tions that there are of necessity many

varieties known to the workers of today.

Some of these require the mastery of new

stitches, while others are simply new ar—

rangements of those already familiar to

most workers. However. there are some

rules which hold good with any of these

varying styles, and one of these is the

absolute necessity of selecting the very

best materials for all needlework. No

matter how expert one may be with the

needle, nothing but disappointment and

crudity can result when unsuitable fab-

rics and threads are used. And it is not

wise to be guided in this respect by the





I ancient workers. for the times have surely





changed, and the fabrics which entered

into some of the most noted old-time em—

broidcries would look incongruous and

out of place in this latter age. Choose

backgrounds with an eye to their prac-

tical usage, always having in mind just

the specific purpose for which the;r will

be used. Then select threads which will

compare pleasingly in weight and texture,

and which will not roughen in handling,

lose their lustre easily or fade into a

nondescript mass of coloring. A majority

of responsible manufacturers of embroid-

ery materials, as well as the retail deal-

ers, are ready and willing to offer sub—

gestions on these matters to any one

sufficiently interested to inquire. They

have varying grades of cottons and silks,

each especially planned for specific usage,

and unless one is sure of her ability

to choose rightly it is safest to accept the

help of those who have given the matter

serious study.



Generally speaking, on the medium linen

backgrounds used so much for center—

pieces and doilics, a medium weight cot—

ton i'loss is used, finer or coarser being

selected for backgrounds which corres-

pond. For the buttonholed edges it. is

oftentimes permissible to use a trifle

heavier floss than for the design itself,

especially if the design is of fine details.

For coarse crashes, canvases, burlaps and

the like a much heavier fioss, more on

the rope variety is used, and sometimes

stranded floss, that is skeins of floss of

fine texture, but of which as many

strands may be used in the needle at

once as is desired, thus making it pos-

sible to grade the work as one desires.

This quality is especially good for darning

net.





As for tools,‘sha;ply apointed scissors

are a necessity for trimming around scal-

lops, etc. A thimble which is not rough

enough to catch every passing thread

should be used. Crewel needles are ob-

tainable in assorted sizes, and since they

have quite long eyes compared with their





length and width they are easily thread-

ed, and the floss has sufi‘lcient space to

work through without pulling and fray-

ing. Tapestry needles, which have blue

points, are fine for darned netting, can-

vas work, or any embroidery where the

needle does not pierce a firm material.

If a needle by any chance bends instead

of breaking during the work it should be

discarded at once, for any bent needle

will invariably throw the stitch out of

alignment.



Frames are essential for most forms of

embroidery, though some stitches, like

buttonholing, are easily made over the

fingers. A majority of the fancy stitches,

however, are likely to be drawn, giving

the finished work a puckered appearance

if the material is not held taut and

smooth in the process. Handsome em-

broidery frames, made with standards,





   





 





were part of the equipment of most; of the ;

older workers, but while some such frame ‘

is desirable for those who make embroid—

ery a business, the average worker can1





do very nicely with the commonly known

hoops.

form, so that the work will be held taut.

.\ better frame for large pieces is made

oblong in shape, something after the

manner of quilt frames, though by no

means so large. They may be of any de-

sired size, and are adjustable. These may

he purchased with patent appliances for

the adjustment, or strips of smooth wood

may be converted into similar frames by

the home carpenter, pegs or bolts acting

as pivots at the corners. Holes may be

bored through the. strips, through which

to lace the edges of the piece, or strips

of strong muslin tacked into place, to

which the article can be sewn. Any ma-

terial of a delicate nature should have a

hem rolled over a cord to prevent the lac-

ing stitches pulling out.



A stiletto is necessary for such forms of

embroidery as require the piercing of

holes. This is a sharply pointed, round

piece of steel, bone or Wood. Some have

an instrument attached for gauging the

size of the hole to be pierced, so that

when a large number of the same size

are needed the stiletto may be adjusted

and left at a given point until all are

wrought. In this way there is‘not likely

to be a great variation in the opening.



ill 2‘ IF



A bit of soap in the work basket will

be found a great help when threading

needles with soft floss which is inclined

to ravcl at the ends. “There several va-

rieties of silk [loss are in use at the same

time it is well to have some sort of holder

for them to prevent roughening. Two

strips of muslin sewed together at inter-

vals of an inch will serve nicely for this.

The. skeins are drawn through these

spaces after being cut, the ends hanging

free, from which single strands are taken

as desired.



In washing finished embroidery made in

colors only the mildest white soap should

be used. This should not be rubbed di-

rectly on the piece, but be placed in the

luke warm water until a lather is formed.

Ilse care that the. stitches may not be

roughened by unnecessary rubbing. Sev-

eral rinsings are needfiil, after which the

work must be stretched out smooth, and

spread on a clean towel or Sheet until

partially dry. Iron with the right side

down on a heavily padded board, and a

dampened cloth laid over the wrong side.



\Vhere scallops must be cut out it is

best to do up the piece, if necessary, first,

since the laundering usually causes a sort

of ravelling. Some workers prefer to turn

a tiny edge back under the buttonholing,

overcasting it into place on the wrong

side. Others buttonhole a second row in-

side the first, thus securing added

strength and beauty. This is done after

the scallops caused by the first row of

buttonholing are cut out, and effectually

settles the ravelling. This is a particu-

larly good idea for articles which will re-

ceive hard usage, like towels, sheets,

pillow cases, etc.



i o t



Never make knots in the floss used in

embroidering. To fasten the ends run

the needle in and out of some portion of

the work which will be covered with solid

stitches, or catch it in the stitches al-

ready made on the wrong side.





These come in oval or circular





 





_\ .- ,. ‘-





‘ ’ Let the.

Canadian PdClllC

Railway





ShOw You the

Way toWealth





%// / g/Zgg/g

Q/ZVW// . ’-%;

/o . %n%





 

 





   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

   

 

 





 





{Saskatchewan





Own a farm where the wonder

wheat crop of the World is pro-

duced—where every man who is

willing to work succeeds, and

whose success is the personal care

of the Canadian Pacific Railway.



Every one of these 160 acre home

farms offered by the C. P. R. is a. gen-

uine snap—near a railway and inset-

tled conditions. Act quick it you





want one. Here are two N

Saskatchewan Snaps





S. W. ‘/4 OF SECTlON THIRTY-ONE. 160

acres. Soil. 3 rich dark chocolate clay

loam on deep clay sub-soil. Gently un-

dulating prairie with splendid growth of

upland grass. 155 acres suitable for im-

mediate cultivation. 6 milcs from Can-

dahar Station. Would make an ideal

Price. $20.00 per acre. Easy

payments. , ,, ,

N. E. M; OF SECTION THIRTY-FIVE. 16a

acres. Fertile clay loam with slight.

quantity of sand, rich. clay sub-soil.

Slightly rolling, few small sloughs con-

taining good growth of hay. 5 miles

from Candahar Station. 110 acres im-

mediately cultivable. Price. $15 00

per acre. nay terms.



If neither of these is justwhat you

want, tell us what you would like and we

will find it. for you.



You can do ashosts of others have

done, make the first crop pay for the

land. For instance: an average crop of

but 725 bushels of wheat. at only 80c Will

yield $1200 on 60 acres. Such land can

now be had as low as $10 per acre. With

first cash payment, $1.50 per acre down,

balance on long time easy pamant plan.





 





   





 





 





   





 

   





Write To—day, NOW. Let the

great Canadian Pacific Railwax

show you the way to weal! .

Prices are lower now than they will

ever be again, so act quickly if you want

to better your condition in life.





Canadian Pacific Railway

General Land Department

179 Higgins Avenue. WINNIPEG. CAN.

r. 1'. GRIFFIN J. 1.. D01]?! '

Land Commissioner M’t Land Commissioner





Dr. Isaac Thompson's



CELEBRATED EYE WATER

fresheiis and strengthens the delicate tissuesof

the eyes and cleanses them from dust and dirt.

Its use should form a. part of the daily tellet.

Nothing will give so sure relief for granulated

lids or any form of inflamed eyes as Thompson’s

EYE WATER. Every family should have it.



For Sale by all Druggists. Price 250.

Write for set. of Allegorieal Art Pictures FREE.

JOHN L. THOMPSON. SONS a. CO.

IOI-fl RIVIR ST.. TROY. N. V.





 





 





Makes and burns its own gas and

produces o are white, stead ,

Bate, 100 can 9 power light. 0

wick, smoke, dirt, grease or odon.





THE'BEST'LIGHT





htodlnatanu .Oveersters.

11%....”me rite for cutting

THE BEST LIGHT CO.\

280. In. 6“: so. Canton. 0.

"'1 Throw 1‘ lb! ‘11. Your Granite-13w"

‘W' c: riot Water Bod Least "





’1' -..._£1Y..D..§.?.Z§





lends!!!“ Mylo We. hot m hum-fin,



coo utensils. do. No he“. colder. want or that. An one can.

than. it any gun... Smooth. Bomplc box. 10a. Compute x. “laud

M350, (LWonWopponnnltyfwunomu- ‘.

Collette - ‘ 2 - 1 . .





 

 

 





 





 

 

 

   

   

 





   





   

 





 





 





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‘ ’ jar-an; 29:“ 1911.;





MWO'L—i'l's GHABAGTEHISTICS



.BY mas. ALTA L. LITTELL.



Perhaps no substance is less understood

than alcohol, nor more abused both by

friend and foe, than thisflery product of

the still.



Alcohol is a clear, colorless liquid ob-

tained by distillation. That. is, a liquid

is converted by heat into a vapor, and this

vapor is conducted by means of a tube

ii...) a cold vessel where it turns again

into liquid.

that alcohol was produced by fermenta-

tion, so that two processes seem to be

involved. Fermentation is needed first,

and this produces alcohol combined with

other liquids. Distillation then is brought

into use to obtain the pure alcohol.



Pure alcohol will boil at about 173 de-

grees Fahrenheit; it burns with a blue

flame; it will not freeze; it is an anes-

thetic; it stops decay and so is used‘to

preserve anatomical specimens; it dis;

soives camphor; it is used in the manu-

facture of most perfumes and fiavorings,

and in many of, the bitters and patent

medicines on the market, some of the lat-

ter containing a far heavier per cent of

alcohol than is found in alcoholic bever-

ages; ether, chloroform and other anes-

thetics are made from alcohol, combined

with other substances, and alcohol is also

used in the manufacture of many other

pharmaceutical preparations.



Its affinity for water is one of the char-

acteristics of alcohol. It absorbe water

when exposed to the air, and if a piece

ofsteak is placed in a vessel of alcohol

and left covered over night it will be

found dried and shrunken in the morning,

the alcohol having absorbed all the natu-

ral .juices. Vi'hen taken into the human

body, alcohol acts in the same way, tak-

ing up the moisture from the bodily tis-

sues. Of course. the rapidity with which

the-tissues are dried depends upon the

quantity of alcohol taken.



The cook encounters alcohol in several

ways, though often we do not know of its

presence unless we have made a study of

the subject. We saw how alcohol is al-

ways. generated in bread making, but the

quantity formed in the yeast is driven off

by the heat of the oven when the bread

is baked. When you reach for your flavor-

ing bottle, rest assured you are reaching

fog alcohol, as practically all the flavor-





 





in 5 ar

you 1) t brandy or wine into your mince

meat, of course you know you are using

alcOhOl, but here again, the alcohol is

driven off in baking by the heat and all

that is left to your pie is the flavor of the

liquor.



Some housekeepers take advantage of

the fact that alcohol prevents decay to

make a fruit concoction known as tutti

frutti. Layers of fresh fruit, each in its

season, are placed in a crock and liquor

poured over each layer. The fruit is cer-

tainly kept fresh, but whether it is di-

gestible after having lain for weeks in

alcohol is a question which demands at-

tention.



The helpfulness of alcoholic drinks as

an aid to digestion is a question much

discussed. Many claim that a little wine

taken with the dinner is not only not a

detriment to the body, but is a positive

help in furthering digestion. In contra-

diction to this, Sir William Roberts, M.

1)., declares that sherry, claret and cham-

pagne check both salivary and peptic di-

gestion even more than do brandy, whis-

key and gin.



Experience and common sense seem to

show that alcohol is like every other

powerful agent known to man, dynamite,

nitro-glycerine, electricity, and others of

similar helpful and destructive qualities.

If kept in its place and used with wisdom

by those who understand its characteris—

tics, it is a blessing. If used out of place,

or by those who do not understand its

powers, it is a curse.





A HINT To RENTERS.





 





BY mns'. E. D. scor'r.



When moving into a rented house nev—

er fail to fumigate well with sulphur as

a precaution against bugs and moths. I

once moved into a. cottage that I supposed

was almost new-only one family having

occupied It. and they very nice house-

keepers. Still I insisted on the sulphur

smudge all night, before a thing was

moved in. I was doubly thankful when

I learned that the cottage was made

over from an old house- which was badly

infested wi .y-bugs. And we never saw

any'si‘gns 'any all the three years we

lined thereA Soon after this we had some

friends come to the same town and move

into an old house near as. We told them

about the sulphu‘rxand gave them a. lib-





In a former article we saw,





made with the aid of alcohol. If ‘





comfortable,





   





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





eral supply to tumigate' with, but it was

forgotten until a late hour in the even-

ing and they thought it “Would do” in

the morning. Trying to fumigate while

moving in, proved their downfall, and to

get rid of the bugs which seemed to be

in every crack and crevice, they were

obliged to move again.



The only sure way is to shut the house

up tig..t and let the fumes go through all

the rooms and cellar before moving any-

thing in, and remain so all night if pos-

sible.



The easiest way is to use sulphur can-

dles, which is also more expensive, but

common sulphur does very well. Put it

on live coals protected by some old iron

kettle or shovel, and then get out quickly.

Once when living in the city there was

an epidemic of diphtheria, and each fam-

ily was ordered by the health officers to

sprinkle a pinch of sulphur on a hot

stove every morning, as a preventive. A

young lady living in the next yard died

of a very malignant type of it, yet none

of our family contracted the disease. It

may be due to the sulphur that we es-

caped.



The doctors say that some

germs live a good many years. A case

in our city showed this to be true. Sev-

eral workmen were remodeling an old

building in which there had been a death

from Scarlet fever some 12 years before.

In tearing out some of the old walls these

men contracted the disease and two of

them died with it. Where I’ am now liv-

ing a man died with consumption a num-

ber of years before we bought the place,

so I consulted our doctor before making

the mOVe. He said by all means to fumi-

gate, but to use formaldehyde as it- was

known to be sure death to all kinds of

germs, and a fine disinfectant. So my

husband bought three formaldehyde can-

dies and burned them all night in the

house before we moved in. The doctor

said that his wife used the liquid formal-

dehyde in a fine spray about her bedding

and closets when she cleaned house. A

little prevention costs little, and is worth

more than can be computed in health and

peace of mind. W'e feel perfectly secure

after living here four years.



POINTS WORTH KNOWING ABOUT

MATTRESSES.



A well known physician writing about

mattresses says: “It is strange, since

people spend about two-fifths of their

lives in bed that they should be so in-

different in the matter of a good, clean,

sanitary bed.”



The shuck mattress and feather bed.

laid on hard, unyielding slats or bed

cords which sag down in the center, were

all right in their day when no better bed

was to he had, but now they are as far

behind the woven spring with the modern

mattress on top, as the old cream skim-





disease





 





'mer is behind the modern cream sepa-





rator.



The ideal bed is one that is sanitary,

soft, springy, and yielding. on which the

body can lie at full length, every muscle

perfectly relaxed and Yet firm enough to

prevent hollows and sagging in the cen-

ter. The feather bed is not only uncom—

fortable and unsanitary but unhealthful

as well. The sagging in the center puts

many groups of mum-les on a stretch and

strain and the great heat from the feath-

ers causes congestion of the parts of the

body lain upon. If not renovated quite

often the feathers become foul and un-





sanitary.

Of what shall a mattress be made,

then? At the present time only twO ma-





terials—all things considered—merit ser-

ious consideration. They are hair and

cotton. 1



Cotton is a clean vegetable product

and makes a comfortable mattress. The

reason these mattresses are called cot-

ton—felt is because the word “felt" has its

origin in the kind of machine used in

combing out the tiny cotton fibers into

fluffy uniform cotton sheets. These cot—

ton sheets when ready for the mattress

stand many times higher than the fin—

ished mattress and consequently have to

be compressed. This gives an idea of the

wonderful springiness, softness, and com-

fort of a mattress so constituted.



Made by skilled workmen in a clean.

light, airy 'factory, covered with fine.

dust-proof ticking, the good cotton-felt

mattress is the. ideal mattress. It does

not have to be made over, is sanitary,

will 'not lump up or wear into hollows,

will last almost a lifetime and the price

is within the reach of the modern, up-to-

date farmer who wants comforts for him-

self and wife.



One need have no fear of ordering such

a mattress by mail, if the firm guarantees





a mattress to be made of good cotton-

felt, good tick, hand sewed, and weighing

50 pounds or more for a full size bed.

\Vhen a firm guarantees all this and then

offers to refund the money if not satis—

factory it surely can do no more. Since

they sell direct to the consumer, they

can sell much cheaper, and besides, the

mattress does not lie around 1‘“ a ware-

house or storeroom accumulating dust

and dirt, but comes fresh and clean,

direct from the finisher's table.



All the mattress needs is an occasional

sun bath to keep it sweet and clean.





 





TEACHING KINDNESS TO ANIMALS.





 





BY ELLA E. ROCKWOOD.



Children should be taught never to in—

flict needless suffering upon animals.

Naturally, most little ones sccm possessed

with the most heartless indifference in

regard to the subject. '



Kittens come in for a major share of

misuse at the hands of toddling young—

sters. Women who would shudder at the

sight of pain or expostulatc without a

moment’s hesitation at the abuse of a

horse, permit their own offspring to maul

and haul a helpless little cat without the

slightest objection being raised in its de-

fense. .



Sometimes a full grown cat is the vic—

tim. In this instance it would appear

that resistance might be offered and the

Sharp claws used to assert its rights. So

inert do cats which are much handled be-

come that they rarely resist, but submit

to be choked or have an eye poked out

without raising more than the faintest

mew as a. protest. Cats are not proper

playthings for children from a sanitary

standpoint and even if the mother is in-

different to the creature's sufferings, as

sometimes seems to be the case, She

should not permit one to be handled by

her child. Gt'I‘IIlS of disease are liable to

be communicated as cats are excellent

mediums for their transmission to human

beings.



Dogs of thc smaller breeds not infre-

quently share with cats in the infliction

of mistreatment at the hands of children.

The affection of this four-footed friend

for a child is well known and appears to

render him oblivious to personal rights

in such matters. Even the faithful collie

or shepherd dog often is called upon to

endure' a good deal by way of choking

hugs and ear pulling. No such animal is

proof against retaliation beyond a. certain

point and precaution against a revolt

which might prove serious, if not fatal,

should be taken, by seeing to it that no

child is permitted to tease these most

patient and faithful of animals. If moth-

ers would see to it that children are

taught to treat such pets humanely it

would go far toward eliminating cruelty

later on in life.





SHORT CUTS TO HOUSEKEEPING.





 





To keep a delayed dinner hot set the

dishes containing the cooked dinner in a

baking pan with a little hot water in and

set in the oven, well covered. The dinner

will keep for two hours or more—Mrs.

A. D. 1”.



Lace curtains should soak for two hours

before washing, in cold water, to which

a little borax has been added. They are

much'casier to wash after, and this rids

them of the smell of smoke and dust.

-—F. T. M.



To remove mildew, mix soft soap with

powdered starch, half as much salt and

the juice of a lemon. Lay this on the

part with a brush, and then lay the

article on the grass day and night until

the stains entirely disappear.—~F. T. M.



To rid a house of ants, put a plate with

sweetened water and paris green or any

kind of poison where they come—E. K.



Furs should be well beaten and switch-

ed lightly, free from dust and loose hairs,

well wrapped in newspapers with camphor

laid about and in them and put away in

a cool dark place. In packing them they

should not be rolled so tightly as to be

crushed.—~Mrs. J. J. O’C.



For an abscessed tooth, take a piece of

cheese cloth, or any thin material, one

inch square, fold it and sew it all around

except at one end. Boil a small quantity

of corn meal, to which has been added

enough red pepper to make it very hot.

But some of this into the little cheese

cloth bag, sew up the end, and apply

while hot to the gum of the aching tooth.

This will cause the abscess to come to a

head on the inside of the mouth. The

dentist advised not putting a poultice on

the outside of the face, as it might cause

the abscess to open on the outside—Mrs.

J. D.





' Postum and Grape—Nuts instead.





 





(17) ‘





505

DAME NATURE HINTS





When the Food is Not Suited.





When Nature gives her signal that

something is wrong it is generally with

the food; the old Dame is always faithful

and one should act at once.



To put off the change is to risk that

which may be irreparable. An Arizona

man says:



“For years I could not safely eat any

breakfast. I tried all kinds of breakfast

foods, but they were all soft, starchy

messes, which gave me distressing head-

aches. I drank strong coffee, too, which

appeared to benefit me at the time, but

added to the headaches afterwards. Toast

and coffee were no better, for I found the

toast very constipating.



“A friend persuaded me to quit coffee

and the starchy breakfast foods, and use

I shall

never regret taking his advice. '



“The change they have worked in me

is wonderful. I now have no more of the

distressing sensations in my stomach

after eating, and I never have any head-'

aches. I have gained 12 pounds in

weight and feel better in every way.

Grape-Nuts make a delicious as well as a

nutritious dish. and I find that Postum

is easily digested and never produces dys-

pepsia symptoms."



Name given by Postum Co.,

Creek, Mich.



Get the little book, “The Road to IVell-

ville," in pkgs. “There’s a Reason."





Ever read the above letter? A

new one appears from time to

time. They are genuine, true,

and full of human interest.





Battle





 





 





DELA A‘IAN.





ILLINOIS





For facts about Prize and



: Rcu ard offers and Inven-



tions that. will bring from



$5000 to Ten Million Dollars, and for books of In-

tense Interest to Inventors send Sc. postage to





Pubs. Patent Sum, Dual. 89. Barrlsler Bldg, Washington, 0.0.





FARMS ANII FARM LANDS

FOR SALE [III EXCHANGE





NEW YORK great farm bargains, Tom kins 00.,

near Ithdc.1..1nd Cornell I".nl'.ersity argo list.

Send for free catalog. Keeberd‘c Barber, Ithaca, N. Y.





when \ou can buy

the Best Land in

Mlt hignn at from

$6 to $10 an acre





near Saginaw and Bay City. Writcf or map and l)il.l‘<

tic ulars. Clear title and easy terms. Stsnllcld Bros. ,

(owners) 15 Merrill Bldg, Saginaw “. hblitliigan.





FOR SAL E—Zifi acres of best



Michigan farm land

located 4 miles east. of Ann Arbor. Large modtrn

house and barns fine water supph and 2) acres “cod

lot. Inquireat4248. Main St. Ann Arbor Michigan





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





—Choice Farm. Stock and Fruit Lands



For sale in Gladwin and Clare Counties. “e



have Z) 000 acres of fine tunimproved lands also some



improved farms. rite us for maps and folders.

.STEVENS & (30.. Gludwin. Michigan.





 





—Berthold Indian Reservation will 0

HomGSIeads for settlement. this slimmer. A comp ete

map of Mountrail County including Reservation can

be purchasedf or 250 from E. P. Gibb, Stanley. N. D.





Colorado Needs More

Hog Raisers





Big homo markets: no hog cholera; cheep feeds:

mild dry climate: big crops every year. Write for

“Hog- liaising Bookie t.‘





BOARD of IMMIGRATION,

309 State House, Denver, Colo.





 





 





200 Acres $5500. 5:: Head of Stock,





Tools and Other Property Included.

This big Foroflt- paying dairy i‘arm is 3119 nipped

and ready r business. 2 horses, 35 oattl e. t£32111 h.eep

poultry, hay in barn l50 an buckets e1 aporator ull

machinery and valuable too 5 included. abundance of

wood for home use and some to sell plenty of fruit.

near neighbors, schools. stores. and churches short

distance to village and railroad. mail delivered, 2-

story house. 10 rooms. 214x74 basement barn and other

out buildings, no repairs needed, age of owner forces

sale and if taken now the price is only 5.1.500, part.

(ash, balance easy terms. For details of this and

other farm burglaoins from $1. 000up,see page 12 Strout'a

Farm Catalog 11st 0111:. Copy free. Station 101,

HStrout Union ank Building, Pittsburg, Pa.





FOR INFORMATION AS TO LANDS IN





The Nation’s

Garden Spot-





‘l'llA'l' GREAT FRUIT and TRUCK

GROWING sacrum-—

along the





Atlantic Coast Line





RAILROAD





in Virginia, North and South Carolina,

Georgia, Alabama and Florida, write to

WILBUR Met. ‘OY.

A. tkl. Agt. for F lorida,

Al shame, Georgia,

Jacksonville, Fla.





 





..N CLA

A.&.l.Agt.f01 ViKrginla

and the Carolinas,

Wilmington, N. C.





 





 





 





 





 





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fi «0......—





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moters of a ew colony, claiming to be

ministers, enter a prosperous New York

state community and persuade a number

of farmers to sell their homes and join

them. Among the colonists thus secured

are Amos Brandon, his wife, his young

daughter, Elinor, his married daughter,

Myra, and her husband, James Baldwin

Another married daughter, Rosetta, and

her husband refuse to join. The site

selected is on one of the Beaver islands,

in Lake Michigan, and the colonists are

transported there by boat. Just before

reaching their destination the chief pro—

moter reveals himself to be one James

Strang, leader and ruler of the Mormon

kingdom which he had established on

the island. Under the title of king he

claimed to rule in accordance with reve-

lations received direct from the Supreme

Being. Strang absented himself from the

Island the first winter, during which the

colonists suffered severely, and on his

return sought to relieve them and at the

same time makes war on the Gentiles by

making public a so-called revelation that

it was lawful for his people to seize the

property of the Gentiles. He also pre-

scribed a certain mode of dress for the

women, at which Elinor rebelled, although

her father, who seemed completely under

the control of Strang, tried hard to en-

force obedience. During the first sum-

mer Strang decided to have himself

crowned king, and Elinor, in the com—

pany of her young admirer, Robert Stuart,

attended the coronation. The rule of

Strung now became oppressive; the seiz-

ure of property by the Mormons was still

sanctioned and many Gentiles fled from

the island. His law regarding women’s

dress was. disregarded by Elinor. al-





—though the king seized and burned her





wardrobe in his futile effort to compel her

to adopt the prescribed dress.

Chapter VIII.



Elinor watched Strang’s departure with

flashing eyes, then sank beside the fire-

place and burst into stormy sobs which

frightened her father even more than her

previous attitude had. lie knew not what

to say to her and he was harrassed by

thoughts of what the king might do by

way of punishment did she persist in the

attitude she had taken.



In this condition Mrs. Brandon found

them when she returned from her daugh-

ter‘s, Elinor crouching on the floor beside

the fireplace, sobbing, and her husband

pacing the floor.



“What is the meaning of this?” she

asked in astonishment. “Elinor, child,

tell mother what the trouble is,” but at

the sound of her gentle voice and the kind

words Elinor only sobbed the more and

clung to the mother, who knelt beside her

in a perfect abandon of grief that fright-

ened Mr. Brandon.



“Amos, have you lost the power of

speech that you cannot tell me what-ails

our daughter?" she asked, turning toward

her husband.



"I think she will be able to tell you her-

self soon," he answered, t‘rowningly. “The

king has been here and ICIinor has chosen

to make herself ridiculous, and also to





get us all into trouble with her silly}





notions.”



Mrs. Brandon said no more but gave

her attention to soothing the agitated

girl. At length the sobs became less fre—

quent and after a time she became able

to talk. Then in as few words as possible

she told her mother what had transpired.





Mrs.- Brandon had never in any way

asserted herself in all her married life.

Her will had always been subject to that

of her husband, but there comes a time

when even a worm will turn and that time

had arrived. Like a lioness defending

her young, she arose and faced her hus—

band. Her cheeks flushed and her nos-

trils were dilated with anger.



"Is it possible. Amos Brandon, that you

stood by and saw any man offer such in—

sults as that to your daughter, and you

call yourself a man!”



“Martha!” gasped the astonished man.



“Never in all my life,” she continued,

“have I disputed your right to govern

your household as you saw fit, but I tell

you right now you have ceased to be fit

to govern it.”



“Martha!" he ejaculated again.



“I want you to understand that Elinor

shall not be subject to such outrage from

that man, and if her father has not spirit

enough to defend her, her mother has.

She shall wear the clothes she sees fit,

and I will make them for her, too, and we

shall neither of us wear the hideous

dress that man has devised, either.”



“As far as you are concerned, he did

not insist on it,” answered her husband,

finding his tongue at last, ”for I told

him the change Would be displeaslng to

you at your age.”



“I wonder he was so kind,” she scoffed;

"but neither shall Elinor be compelled to





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.‘ '“





wear it, and if that man ever forces him-

self into her presence in that 'manner

again I warn you, and him, too, there is

going to be trouble.”



Mr. Brandon was never more astonished

in his life and, coming as it did on top of

what he had already been through that

day, it was almost too much. His face

had a harrassed look as he answered:

“Well, I do not know what the outcome

will be. The king has already forbidden

any of us to be seen at public worship

until Elinor makes due apology for her

conduct and promises better for the

future.” "



“That she will never do, answered his

wife firmly, “and as for public worship,

I for one do not see much worship in it.

I can worship at home and so, I am sure,

can you if you are so disposed. Another

thing: before I will be so dictated to by

that man I will leave this island. This is

a free country we are living in, I hope."



“You are talking foolishly, wife; to

leave this island now would mean to lose

every cent we have in the world, for it is

all tied up here.”



“Better to lose that than our self-

respect,” she answered, firmly.



Mr. Brandon let the matter drop for

the time, for he saw there was no use of

arguing the matter further, but he was

really worried. He had been, up to this

time, quite a favorite with the king and

he knew that the attitude of his family

would work against him. More than

this, although he might not admit the fact

to himself, he feared the king. He had

seen enough of his dealing with others

to know that he was merciless when once

his wrath was aroused, and he knew

that his defeat by Elinor would rankle.

The man was one who loved power for

power‘s sake and he would not counte-

nancc defeat. \Vhat the outcome would

be Mr. Brandon did not dare question,

but he did not rest well from then on.



Meantime his wife had stirred the tire

and prepared the evening meal. It was

rather a silent one and none of them ate

much. After it was cleared away she

brought out a pretty piece of print and

placed it in her daughter’s hands. “I in-

tended to keep it for your birthday,” she

announced, “but as things are, you need

it now. \\'e will begin work on it in the

merning."



Elinor thanked her mother with a kiss,

but she really took no comfort in the

pretty dress. For the first time she real-

ized that her war with the king was go—

ing to involve others and she was sick at

heart. However, she summoned all her

strength that her mother might not guess

how really alarmed she was. She helped

her cut and make the pretty dress and

went with her to the point that they

might purchase more, for Mrs. Brandon,

now aroused, decided that her daughter

should have all the dresses she had been

deprived of.



So busy were they that it was a week

later before Elinor met any of her former

associates. Then she met Elizabeth one

day in the woods as she was returning

from Myra’s. Elinor hurried toward her

friend with a smile and a gay word of

welcome when, to her surprise, Elizabeth

turned her face away and did not answer

her. Elinor stood still, gazing at her in

amazement until the other girl looked. up

and caught the look on her face. It Was

more than the latter could bear and‘ she

cried out: “0, Elinor, do not look like

that! I cannot help it, indeed I cannot.

The king has forbidden anyone to have

anything to do with you until you become

obedient to his will and obey the law.”



Elinor turned pale. This, then, was one

of the means he was to make use of for

her punishment. A smile of derision at

her friend’s weakness crossed her face,

but a moment later it was followed by

one of tenderness and sorrow.



“I did not know, Elizabeth, and it is

indeed best that you should not speak to

me. I do not wish to get anyone else in-

volved in my trouble.”



“What does the dress matter after all,

Elinor?” asked her friend eagerly. “Why

not give up and wear it?" But a hard

look came over Elinor's face as she an—

swered, “It his not only the dress, Eliza-

beth, it is the principle. I shall never do

it, I believe/J in a low voice, “I believe I

would die first."



The other shuddered at the words; there

seemed to harm be an ill omen in them,

andyet—there are things so much worse

than death.



“Then I must go, but remember, Eli—

nor, I wlll always be your friend; remem-

ber that, although I may have to appear

otherwise when we meet. Whenever we

can meet unobserved, however, things

will be as they were before,” but Elinor

shook her head.





71





“No, Elizabeth. we do not know when

someone may see us and we do not know

who may be spying. It will be better that

we meet only as strangers. ”



Then she turned and walked away, leav-

ing her friend gazing after her with tears

in her eyes.



As Elinor hurried along she wondered

if that was the reason she had not seen

Robert the past week and her lips curled

scornfully at the thought, although her

heart was filled with sorrow and bitter-

ness, but in this she did the young man

an injustice for he was busy with the

fishing boats on another part of the island

and had not heard of the ban that the





‘king had raised against the girl. When





he did hear, however, he went at once to

her home and set her fears at rest re-

garding the matter so far as he was con-

cerned. But she saw that he was troubled

and sick at heart, although he tried to

appear as gay as before. Elinor refrained

from telling him of the burning of the

dresses, as she found this had not been

made public. She feared that he might,

in his anger, do something rash and she

was getting a morbid fear, of what the

consequence might be to others who

should espouse her cause.





 





Chapter IX.



The days and weeks that followed were

hardly pleasant ones in the Brandon

home. Mr. Brandon was sullen and

silent. He considered that his daughter

had brought needless trouble upon him,

and then the attitude of his wife had but

added fuel to the fire of his kindled wrath.

The truth was, Amos Brandon was not

accustomed to having his authority thus

set at naught and it was in no manner

pléasing to him.



James and Myra had also held them-

selves somewhat aloof, fearing that the

king might take them to task if they

were too frequently with the rebellious

family.



”lu‘linor has made a dunce of herself,“

.Iames declared angrily. “I hope you,

Myra, will have more sense and will sub-

mit with good grace to whatever com;

mands the king sees best to issue. It is

the only way to prosper here.”



”Certainly, James, I am willing to be

governed by the law,” she answered at

once, but she little knew how soon those





words would be repeated to her and that .





she would hear them with loathing and

anger.



The Brandons were all seated before the

glowing fire one day when James and

Myra walked in upon them. They all

looked up with surprise, for it had been

some time since they had called and they

saw at once that both were laboring un-

der some excitement.



“What is it, James?" asked Mr. Bran-

don as he gave a chair to his son-in-law,

while Myra sank down on a bench beside

her mother.



“You were not at public service, of

course, yesterday,” began James, “so I

thought you had not heard, but the king

has had some new revelations. One of

them is certainly astounding, considering

the way he has always preached about

such things.”



"\Vell, what is it?”



“He says it has been revealed to him

that it is not only lawful, but it is the

duty of a man to marry more than one

wife. He also declares that it is his in-

tention to follow the divine command and

take more wives immediately.”



“Yes, and he urged all the elders and

others to do the same,” exclaimed Myra.



“A polygamist! I hope now, Amos, you

see the advisability of leaving this place.”

declared his wife.



“Do not be foolish, Martha,” her hus-

band answered, testily. “I do not see as

his having more than one wife need to

affect us any, and I tell you our interests

are all here.” Then, turning again to

James, “He has made this revelation

public, then?”



“To be sure he has, and there is much

excitement among those in the settle—

ment, I assure you. Many are indignant,

for they say he promised no such thing

should be countenanced here and always

spoke of Smith as a fallen prophet be-

cause he allowed it.‘ The women, es-

pecially, are up in arms. Really, I hardly

know what the outcome will be. It is

said Mrs. Strang was so angry that she

visited the Tabernacle and obtained the

king’s robes and burned them, but I am

sure such conduct on her part will do no

good whatever.”



Elinor had grown pale as she listened,

and now as she watched the weak face

of her brother-in-law she shuddered—she

hardly knew why. She would not have





dared at that moment to put her fears

“Surely,





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. - «mug.
' ’ APRIL”,1’911. ’





James: 90.. do not believe in this manner





{of livins‘i'". , ; , . ‘

"For. myself, of course not. I would.





neverfithink of such a. .thing as taking a

second wife, but if others wish to do so

I am‘ sure it is no business of mine",



“No business of yours! . It seems to me

it isthe business of any honest, honor-

able man to protect the Weak! Do you

suppose the women will like to have their

husbands bring home other wives? Do

you think they have any right in this

country to do such a thing? I believe

btrang intended this from the first, and

that is why he took an island for his

colony. He’will not be interfered with

here as he would in one of the states.

\Vere they not driven out of Illinois and

the other places they tried to settle? Oh,



at is horrible!”



“Do not try to talk about what you do

not understand, Elinor," her father coun—

seled; ”it would be much better if you

Would not air yOur opinions so freely.

W‘hat is, cannot be helped, as I can see.”



“Are there no officers that can enforce

the laws?" she asked.



“Officers, yes,” laughed James, “but the

king has looked well after them. They

are all Mormons and will obey his will to

the letter. No, there is no way but to

submit and make the best of it. After

all, it will not affect us in the least, so we

had better say nothing.”



“That is what I think," said Myra. “As

long as James has promised me that he

will never take a second wife, I am not

going to worry about the rest. I can be

happy in my own home ahd not go to

the places where men so dishonor them-

selves."



“But you are contented to be governed

by a man who intends to do so. Do you

think he is more honorable about one

thing than another? I tell you the peo—

ple should not submit to it, and. besides,

supposing be issues commands for others

to follow his example. He is capable of

it. \Vhat then?”



“He will hardly do that I think," an-

swered James, easily, “and there is no.

use borrowing trouble.”



But'Janies had” spoken truly. Many of

the‘ people were angered at what the king

had done. yet all found themselves more

or less helpless and obliged to put up

with what they could not help. Others

had suchperfect confidence. in Strang that

they thO'IlghI. anything her commanded

was rights no matter what it was. «



It was shortly after this revelation that

Strang removed his ban as respecting

Amos Brandon, telling him that he under—

stood things more fully now and that he

believed-him,“ to be in no Wise to blame

for the action taken by his wife and

daughter. But they were still prohibited

from attending public worship. Elinor

felt,.that this would, in the end, but

mean more sorrow for them, for she saw

that her father was getting more and

more under the control of Jhe. king. She

dared not voice this fear, for there was

no one to whom she could tell it, unless

it was her mother, and she felt that she

suffered enough without adding aught to

her fears. It was enough that her hus-

band, the husband of her girlhood, who

had loved her, shielded her all her life,

was estranged from her and no longer

treated her as was his wont. Slowly, but

surely, Elinor saw that her mother's heart

was breaking under the terrible ordeal.





Strang did as he had said and in a

short time took another wife home. Then

it was that his wife. Mary Strang, packed

her things and with her three children

left the island. She had never believed

in the doctrine he preached, but she had

borne with it on account of her children

until now, but this .-she considered was

more than any woman was called upon

to endure and she left. She talked with

some of the people before she left, es—

pecially some of the women. and she

visited Elinor during the absence of the

king.



“My poor child,” she said, "my heart

aches for you, and I must warn you to

be careful. You have angered my hus-

band terribly and I tremble for you.

Keep close at home for the present and

trust no one, for you cannot tell who

your friend may be. I do not know just

what Mr. 'Strang’s intentions toward you

are or I should know better what to ad-

visef I have been unable to find out al-

though I have tried. I do know, however,

that he will stop at nothing to carry'his

ends. and he has those around him who

will obey him to thefietter, so be careful.

I have heard itJiinted that dead folks do

not tell tales, and I am afraid for my own

life were I to‘lstay hereand oppose him.

and so. becéhisemy children need me, I

must 80-" .



Elinor bade’her good-bye with a heavy





 





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





heart, fearing that she had lost a true

friend and she needed them so sorely, but





ishe saw also that the advice given her





was good and she said_nothing about her

trouble, even in her own family, for

someway she was getting the impression

that it was not exactly safe to say all she

felt, even before her own father.



The king was absent now, however, and

she breathed easier and allowed herself

to go around more because there was no

danger of meeting him. Then an event

happened that struck terror to her heart,

for it showed what the Mormons were

capable of doing when they were dis-

obeyed.



(To be continued).

CHILDREN AS PARENTAL PARTNERS.

BY CHARLOTTE man.



The May-bews lived on a farm where

help was scarce and money none too

plentiful. But with care they had enough

to satisfy all their real needs. They

knew that a trained worker is an inter-

ested worker and they wished to make

their children love their home. They

knew also that their children had to

have cloi'hes, books and other things as

well as food. \Vhy should not the chil-

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own means to meet their needs, just as

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turity? \‘i'hy not give each child an ac-

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about the farm or home and pay him for

his work and then. under judicious over—

sight, let him buy his own clothes and

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Mrs. Mayhew was a Wise mother. As

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Sizes proportionately low prices. SEND FOR. FREE TICK SAMPLES AND ILLUSTRATED FOLDER.





THE WORTHMORE BEDDING COMPANY

German National Bank. STATION D. DEPT. F, CINCINNATI, O.





 





Reference:





 





 





 





 





(Copy)

St. Charles, Mich, Jan, 26. 1011.

Michigan State Telephone (.‘o.,

Detroit. Mich.





“Bell Service”





Gentlemen :—



We will say for the benefit. of anyone who

is contemplating putting in a roadway tele-

phone system. that. in April of 1909 we formed

a company of eight members and built. three

and one-half miles of line at a cost of $13.40

for the first twelve months: including the

$7.00 rental and exchange for each instrument.

We still have supplies on hand to keep our

line in repairs for ten years. The cost. after

the first year has grown $7.2") per member,

the 2:30 being each member’s share for the

rental of one mile of company’s poles on

which we hung our wires. For the $7.00 the

company furnishes the instruments and keeps

same in repair. also furnishes local exchange



The service on our roadway line has been

just as good as the best service obtainable

on any line.





Costs less and offers

greatest advantages





Used by over 40,000

Michigan farmers





For particulars write

Michigan ,

State Telephone

Company





DETROIT = MICH.





Rural Line Department.





Very truly yours.

(Signed)

F {ASK SANDERSON & SONS.





 





 





 





For the Farmer





2;,





 





Eve r-Re ad

’-'ill"'_""""""'Willi!!!"l l figgggg; l 11/".





ENTIRE OUTFIT





I 3.000.000 In use. Sold and guaran- i

,H Iced by dealers everywhere.

ll” AMERICAN SAFETY RAZOR co. I

u “i“ '





NEW YOIK.





 





 





m was timber. lest groin and mu. district of



We. Good M, are I’ll-Ml. in soil and voter,



two railroads, two more coming. H3 crops. long gnu,



good notion..- dived ILLLhandpy-hrlhelf



httmyunorleu. WriuMn-oou neuter-n.



chop manic-I. BOARDIIAYIMJJAIJAI L419 00..

Security Bank BM: lumpi-
Air Cure Your Hay

it’s Worth a Dollar aTon More





If you sell hay, get this dollar clear

profiton every ten. If you feed your

buy. get the beneiitof the better nour-

ishment. in air-cured bay for you 1'

animals. Don’t sun-cure your hay

when it’s even easier and quicker to

air-cure it with the





DAIN Elite

SIDE DELIVERY RAKE





Let hay lie in theswath and the sun scorchos it.

robbing it or its color and much of its nonr.

ishment. 1n the ordinary close-packed wind-

row..the airis shut out. But throw it u in

loose, iinil'y windrows with a DAIN 8 DE

DELIVERY RAKE and the hay is (1 led

by the air and all the rich juices and no ral

color preserved. Moreover. the Dam handles

boy so gently that the stalks are not bruised

and broken. and the tender leaves and tops

never shattered off. The finest, top-value hay

that can be produced is the result. Besides

possessing all the advantages of every other

rake. tho Dain Side Delivery Rake has these





Speczal Features

Teeth may be raised or lowered

Teeth turn with gentle motion

Harmless to tender products

Rakes clean, leavintz trash and dirt

All iars absorbed by cushion springs

Easy regulation oi bevel gears

Eisily a' justed to handle light or



heavy hay





Make More Money With Dain Hay Tools





They’re made by hay tool specialists. 28

years of experience back of every machine.

They‘re the most simple. the most time and

Work saving, the most durable and depend-

able. Ask your dealer to show you the DAlN

line of mowers. rakes, stackers, loaders,

presses. etc. Or write us for descriptive

literature of the tools in which you are

interested. “'0’“ also send you Free “All

About Hey" the most princticul and valuable

hay book ever published [or farmers.





AIN MFG. CO.





814 VINE STREET

OTTUMWA, - IOWA





 





 





VALUE





from your manure. Cover two .acres

to every one by hand. spreading

with better results and do it as

fast as 10 men with forks.





“MILLER...

Manure Spreader

and Pulverizcr





is the only low down spreader. easy to

load. Handles all manure. pulverizes

thoroughly. spreads evenly. thick or

thin. as wanted. Right Width to

straddle corn rows. Solid bottom box.

scraped clean every load. Automatic

drag return. safety end—pate, double

drive. Send for catalog B and know

every reason why you should own 8.

Miller modern spreader.



Tho NEWARK MACHINECO.. Now-rho“





 





 





Anyway,

T__1_°y this





 

 

 

 

 





. . ,.

, Saves you at least 15 t ‘

cents a bushel on the cost of .9

digging. (lets the potatoes out

of the ground clean and Whole. _

All sizes. Elevator diggers for large ..

fields. Success Jr. for small patches.

' Write for new catalogue of Diggers ‘

\. and Farm Machinery and let us tellgni

~ » you how you can tryaFarquhar. . ii

A. B. FARQUIIAR (30., Ltd.

“ \ Box 210 York. Po. :-





! .

.W





q





,‘ \\





   





_ —,:.. -





 





   

 

 

   

   

   

   





 





cts. :1 Foot for [RON FENCE





THINK 01" 11'

Buy direct

from our

factory.

H’Write for

Free Catalog.





 





 





, ' y . r' '/, / "

, 2 17/ 1%: , , . ’ 1 y

sNI/ ,1/ ,, /" ’9 ./ /’,,,, ,,l//v,/ , , 1' , 7/. ‘ " ., '1” .11", ., _ ..





_ ' ' :2 Miami he“.





 





 





Complete With

i-enders and

65-Shovol Pm .

Break Ganos.





$22-21

Order Order

No.32X65 No.32X66

l 7’ «if. ~ A





’Q‘t‘i.‘ The David Bradley





LITTLE JAP CULTIVATOR





is your own idea of what a cultivator should

be; the perfect implement you have been

wishing for since you plowed your first field.

So far ahead of any other that it really

should be called by some other name than

cultivator. Every other manufacturer hop-





'. B. F. D. No. 6. Box 2. Milford. Ill.

Sears, Roebuck and C0,, Chicago, Ill,

Gentlemenw—M? Little Jap is far ahead of any

cultivator 1 have ever seen. The seat bar guiding

motion is the_best thing out, and the advantage of

being able to raise and lower the gangs with the

balancing lever after having set them to exact

depth with the raising levers makes it superior to

all others. This is saying a. ood deal. but it's true.

The good features ol’ the tile lap make me feel

like striking out with it and working in fields

along the road, so as to convince people of its

superiority over all other makes.

Yours truly,

CHARLES TANSEL.





c m late With

genfiiers and

4-Shovel Pin

Break Gangs,





$2132





 





 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 





 





 





 





 





' 152“".





l





 





{vi/4





3’s“





 





PRICES . ing for success is trying‘to copy its exclu-

INCLUDE ., . .5,. sive patented features. Ve on y name them

FENDERs. here. Our catalog tells all about them.





Pivot Axles and Sent Bar Dodging Lever:ensiest, Short Hitch and Direct Draft: easy on team.

quickest. widest dodge. A clear view of the row at Draft helps lift gun s. also keeps shovels in round.

all times. The one successful cultivator for hillside Sixteen Styles of anal. Pin break or spr n trip

work. No drifting; gangs work parallel and at even shovels. surface blades. spring teeth or discs. vel‘



epth. . . ers. rakes and other attachments. Buy one culti-



- ' Balance Frame; adjustable for rows of any width. valor and as many kinds,ot extra gangs as wanted.

5 Seat and stirrupsudjus able for boy or man. and ma- Wheels 42 inches hi h; wide tires; staggered

chine adapts itself to i cry or light weight operator. spokes; long distance uslproof grease retaining



D Regulating. Lever for each ang. and hubs.



Combined Gang Ralsm and Balancing over that Materials throughout the best that money can buy. q

lifts both gangs at on of row without disturbing Highest grade steel and malleables used. $100.00

depth adjustment. couldn’t make it better.





Send for our Book of David Bradley Farm Implements. or see our big General

Catalog for complete descriptions and prices of all styles of Little Jap Cultiva-

tors and special attachments. Other styles of

Bradley cultivators from $9.93 up.





 

 

   

 





Complain.





\Ve can always furnish repairs for any LITTLE

David Bradley implement made since 1832 and [lisp $2750

ship the day we receive the order. CULT . p 0

.. rder

TO 1 ;. No.32x90





 





R. F. D. No. 1. Mi. Vernon, Iowa.

Sears, Roebuck and Co.. Chicago. 111.



Gcntlcmcnz~I am fifty-two yenrs old and did my

first plowing with a. single shovel plow. then the double

shovel. next the walking cultivator and then the sulky

plow. Have used more different kinds of cultivatols

tliun most men, and think I can plow corn as good as

any man living. and I must say that the Little Jon is

the best I ever used for good work and easy running.

both on mun and team. it is the only culiivalorforthe

hired man. You regulate it and send him into the field

and he has simply get to plow corn.



Yours truly,

A. ll. KNAI‘P.





~SEARM.OEBUCK€ ,

Better-Disking ‘

' * at Half the Cost





We know that the new Imperial double disc, flexible frame, scalloped blade:

Harrow will save you money and time, and give you a better seed bed than any'

other implement. We know this through recorded tests, and from the experience:

of thousands of farmers throughout the country. We want you to know it, too,

from an actual test of an Imperial, conducted by yourself on your own farm.





Double Disc





Imperial .............. Harrows





Any Buchcr & Gibbs dealer will be glad time it takes the old style hart-ow to do it

to let you have an 1111 erial Harrow to make once. Four horses hitched to an Imperial

this test. Get one rom your dealer, and will do twice as much work as three horses

while running it note these facts : with an ordinary barrow.



g. The Imper- Th . . d 11 (1 hi d

ial Harrow e specially desx ne , sca ope a e

works the cuts to greater dept and more perfectly

round twice pulverizcs the 5011. The flexible frame

or its full ligizlt‘cjiisltiie draft and leaves apcrfectlyicvel

see e< .





width ofcut



. in the same Write for all the facts about the Im criai

double disc Harrow, and we will sen on



some printed matter that we know wil be



of value to you. Write to-day.





., , , - “I p. The BUCHER & GIBBS PLOW C0.

'T‘ ‘— "‘ ~~ 3-1:. ‘ 1 806 E. Seventh St.. Canton, Ohio





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





let Galloway Save You $25.00





to $40. 00 on a Manure Spreader





_ If you'll send a postal for my Special 1911 Spreader Offer, I believe

we can make a deal. If we do, you'll save atleast $25.00, perhaps $40.00.

according to size and style you want. And you get a free trial and a

guarantee that would break me if my Spreader wasn't rz' lat. I know I

have to go high on quality and low on price. because I sell y mail. The

other fellow is right on the around to persuade you personally. My qualzty

and price has to do all my persuading. Let me try it. Our capacity is42.000





Spreaders this year in order Prices, $39.50 up. Frei hf

Fag!





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

   

   

   

   

 

   

   

 

   





to quote the low prices %

I (10—30 to 365 days free [I \1 — .5.

trial and my long i. ‘\

time binding guar- . " _ ..

antee in writing. - ‘ .

$25.00 to $40.00 saved—think of it!

That's fair, isn't it? If you can

think of a fairer proposition than 1’1.

make you. I’ll print it in my next

advertisement.





 





 





 





APRIL 29'. ion. -’

' AMERICAN " ,

‘Ste l» Fence Post

’ 'Ch'eaper ThanVVood

and More Durable





Many years of experiment-

ing with metal fence posts

huvedeveloped this post.

It is now thoroughly practi—

cal , filling every requirement

on the farm, in the town, for

railroads and W h er 6 v e r

fence posts are used. '





Made of tough steel, heavily,

zinc c on t e d. Durability

proven by us—tcn years’ ‘

actual use showing good as

new. Means a big reduc-

tion in fence cost and

maintenance.





. 40-page catalogsent free, fully

illustrating a n d describing.

Send for it.



_ Sold by dealers everywhere.

Ask dealer to show samples and

quote prices, or write us direct,





American Steel 8: Wire Co.





Chicago: New York: *

115 Adams Street 30 Church Street

Denver: San Francisco:

First Nat. Bank Bldg. 1601 and Folsom'Sts.

_-





 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





8TOUT—STRONG—DURABLE—CHEAP



Brown Fences will outlast any other because of



heavier wires and thicker galvanlzmg- Investigate



before you bug I160 styles for all purposes.

1'





Bargain cos-14¢ Per Rod Up

delivered at your railway station. Send today for

catalog and free sample for test.

THE BROWN FENCE & WIRE 00..

Dept. 49 CLEVELAND. OHIO





PIRE FENCE





Get the genuine EMPIRE big

wire fence, direct at wholesale.

Save dealer’s profits.

Big Factory. Big

Sales. 23.8334”

No traveling salesmen small

expense, prices lo . ; vary-

th ng guaranteed. Free up on by

mail. Prices otleadin stylestrei htpro-

paid to all oints no 11 of the 0 our!





dIO-i‘llili <)'lll'li.

mmnm FIF'OZDUV i





 





 





. east of the isslssippi River:—

m lnobol high Medium Weight Exm lie-Null] No.0)





9 89 230. per. rod 370 per rod 1,

10 H 260 per rod 410 per :-

12 55 320 per rod 49c per r

Special rates beyond tb is tortuous ' '- j‘v'~





BOND STEEL POST C0" 16 3- 311qu St. Allin. Ed.





 





' 'w.





l



v

."n‘ n n 'AMMMMM



FENCE For Lawns, Churches. Cemeteries. b«





He Grounds. 100 Patterns. Write or

special offer and our free handsome Pattern Book.





 





u"

"I

iv“

v w





L

I

’n

V





THE mo FIN“ 00.. Box .48 ballot. Ind.





 





 





 





DWIGGINS WIRE FENCE Co.

212 Dwiggins Avenue. Anderson. Indiana i





 





fence. Sample by mail post paid for to cents. ‘

Agents wanted, Free illustrated circular.





THE BATCHET WIRE SPLICE]!

Will wra with ease the



I largesthar wirein the nar- .



‘m rowest space in a woven .





 

 





A. B. PBOBASCO. Lebanon. 0.





 

 

 

   

   

 

 

 





WM. GALLOWAY. Pro... 111! W

849 Galloway 8t...





 





 





' Get your pencil or pen right now. and send '

me a postal for my big Spreader Book, showin- >

5 styles and sizes. from $39.50 up. I'll send the ‘

book free and a proposition that will make you do 89nd

. some tall thinking whether you buy from me or not. Address Postal





M. WOWAY 60..

W





 





 





 





 





 





   

 

 





i» ~~ ' - ' — ' ‘ ' - ‘ ----- Mn. n designs. Cheap”

'i'o'o'i'i'a'fi p'n‘n' wood. as page analogue

‘-53‘;;3i ::;¢¢treo..poololPrioooto

Ml il“’.“.i'.'i.i'.”.‘l l}.”.“."."." Churches annCometories.

13. ‘livIuIiinfivu‘Bi pygmy)»; oiled spring Meson.





 

   





 





   





   





 





DRAIN TiLE'





BEST in the'WORLD

Our tile lasts for ever. Burnt as hard as flint. Round hole





perfectly smooth inside. . Will not clog.

Write for prices delivered at your nearest railroad station.





m; Imus-Jod- H. B. CAMP CO., Fulton 3163.. Pittsburg, Pa.





Sold in corload lots.





 





”TH Gents a Rod





For 18-111. 14 8-41: for 22-ln. Hog

Fence; 15° for 26-inch; is s-u r

for 82-inch; flu (or a 47—inch



Farm Fence. 48-inch Poultry

.tence 8-1-20. “ampog: r

trial. rod spool Ideal :- r

Wire $1.45 Cataloguefree. r

’ KITSELIAN _BRO$., r

71 Box 273 Human. IND.E=FFFII





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





SAVE MONEY by using galvan-

ized Steel Posts, any length, may

be driven or anchored. For farms.

vineyards and railroads. Guar-

anteed against natural elements

30 to 50 years. Price 250. for

six-foot posts. Catalogue free.





KENT FENCE POST 00.,

Kent, Ohio





wrenc: 11.11::





Mode of High Carbon Double strength

Coiled Wire. Heavily Galvanized to

prevent rust. Have no agents. Sell pt

factory prices on'30 days’ free trial.

We pay al I frolght. 87 heights of farm

and poultry fence. Catalog Free.

COILED SPRING FENCE co.

Box 21 Winchester. Indiana.





Don’t Rust Farm Fence





cuvilygalvsnized.sold

direct to farmers ct

mnnufnoturern’ prioel.



3 Also Poultry and Orna-

mental Wire and Iron

Fences. Bldetrack deni-

....‘prodts: Cntnlog

Get Special Offer. W

Til! WARD FEICE :0.

m :15. minus.





48 "US$539 25c





Best high carbon coiled steel

wire. Easy to stretch over

hills and hollows. E

Catnlo fences. tools. Buy

from uctory at wholesale

prices. Write todaxto Box 68

[Ml mos 00.. mmm.