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‘ The Only Weekly Agricultural, Horicultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State.

 

 

VOL. CXXXVI. No. 2|. z
Whole Number 3549-

DETROIT. MICH" SATURDAY, MAY 27, I9".

Shoo A YEAR.
82.75 FIVE YEARS

 

FARM NOTES.

 

The Spring Work.

The fact that past experience is not a.
so far as weather
conditions affecting the spring work are
Last

safe guide to follow,

concerned, is annually illustrated.
season the weather was very unseason-
able in May. The temperature was un-

usually low all through the month, and
there were an uncommonly large number
But April weather had
and the farmers were well
along with their work, yet the cold, wet
weather delayed the spring planting not
In most cases, the later planted
so this

of rainy days.
been fine,

a little.
corn was the better, however,
did not turn out to be as great a hard-

ship as was feared by many earlier in
But this season the weather
The

the season.
conditions have been very different.
weather throughout most of May has
been hot and comparatively dry, except
in the western part of the state, but
most. farmers did not get as early a start
on their'spring work as was the case last
year, and corn planting is again rather
late on most farms, notwithstanding the
fact that good corn weather has pre-
vailed since rather early in May. This
simply illustrates that the farmer cannot
judge One season by another, but must.

keep up with the season's Work as well -

as possible. and be ready tontake advan-
tage of favorable weather conditions
when they come, if possible, and also be
prepared to await their coming in case
the season should prove to be dilatory.
But even then, we make many mistakes
when we do the best we know how. in
another column of this issue will be
found an account of how an untimely
hard rain ruined the prospects for a good
oat crop over a considerable section of
the western part of the state. In other
localities with which the writer is famil-
iar, rather opposite conditions have pre-
vailed. In some cases oat fields were
sowu and seeded to clover with little
preparation of the seed bed, and little
rain has fallen to firm the loose soil about
the seed or to hasten the early growth
of the plants. Where the soil is left
in this loose condition on the surface
and dry, hot weather follows, as it has
in eastern Michigan, the result is unsat-
isfactory as reflected in the thrift of the
oats or the clover sown in them. Now
these opposites in weather conditions
which have prevailed in different sections
of the state are brought
to the reader’s attention
to illustrate the fact that
we should do good work
in the preparation of the
seed bed for all our crops.
and in case the crop gets
start on account

a poor
of adverse weather con—
ditions it will be some

consolation to think that
we have done our best,
and if we keep right on
doing our best we will
make up the loss on one
crop in some other crop
for which the conditions
over which we have no
control prove to be more
favorable. It is not an
uncommon circumstance
to meet farmers who are
very blue over the out-
look at this season of the
year. W'eather condi-
tions are seldom ideal for
the accomplishment of
the, spring work on
Schedule time, and often
they are unfavorable for
the best development of
the spring crops after
they are planted. But it

The Separator, Churn and Washlng

is worse than useless to let this fact get
on our “nerves” and affect our disposi-
tions in an adverse manner, since it un-
fits us for the accomplishment of equally
important work in preparation for or
caring for other crops and will not bring
about any change in these conditions
which we cannot control. The only thing
to do under adverse circumstances is to
change our plans to best fit the conditions
and keep right on doing our part in the
making of favorable conditions for the
success of our crops to the best of our
ability, as this is the method which will
pay our best in the end every time.
Scarcely a season passes in which one
does not see fields which have been

to make an effort to recover, so far as it
may be possible, the losses due to cond‘-
tions over which he has no con rol.

Fertilizer In the Hill for Corn and Beans.

Please inform me through the columns
of the Michigan Farmer as to what kind
of fertilizer, and how much, should be
used per hill for corn and beans when
using hand planter with fertilizer at~
tachment. Soil is of black sand.

Midland Co. M. I. S.

It is doubtful if enough fertilizer can
be applied in the hill with a hand planter
to be harmful to the seed beans or to do
the corn very much good. The writer
applies about 125 lbs. of fertilizer per
acre in the hill with the horse corn plant-
er, but this device spreads the fertilizer

 

 

 

 

Stock Barn on the Farm of Nelson Space, Eaton County, Mich.

planted to spring crops which did not
make a good stand owing to unfavorable
weather conditions or perhaps in which
the poor preparation of the ground was
a factor, where the owner became dis-
couraged with the situation and failed to
make any profitable use of the field dur-
ing the season, thus practically losing all
the labor expended in the preparation of
the ground and the planting of the crop.
There is certainly an element of chance
in the business which is discouraging at
times, but it is folly for a man to get the
idea that such occasional reverses are
“just .his luck," and for this reason fail

about the hill instead of dropping it di-
rectly in the hill with the seed. This
amount will aid in giving the corn plants
a quick start, but it is not a sufficiently
heavy application to prove permanently
beneficial in maturing a large crop of
grain. Where stable manure is not avail—
able for covering the whole of the corn
ground, we also use a liberal application
of fertilizer sown broadcast and worked
into the ground when same is being fitted
for the crop. in the use of fertilizer with
beans care should be taken not to put
too much fertilizer in contact with the
seed, as its germinating quality is easily

 

Machine are Operated by a Gasoline Englne In Mr. Space’s Home.

bounty of nature
future, it
larger proportion of the inert plant food
which has been stored
have been made available by the proc—
esses of nature, and the crop producing
power of the land will be depleted. unless
this supply of fertility is supplemented in
some other manner.
that has caused such an enormous in—
crease in the use of chemical fertilizers
in recent years
much greater increase in the same direc-
tion by the farmers of the old world. And
this process of supplementary fertiliza-
tion must be continued indefinitely under

injured by the contact, especially with
potash fertilizers. A good many bean
growers use 200 to 300 lbs. of fertilizer
with beans, sowing same through the
grain drill on each side of the rows in
which the beans are planted. But for all
of these crops, it is the writer’s opinion
that the best way to apply fertilizer is
to put it on broadcast and work it into
the soil, as then it will be available
throughout the season as the plants reach
out for it, and it becomes well mixed
with the soil so that the plants get it in
a natural way as their roots develop and
the plants are in need of the nourishment.
Conserving and Maintaining Soil Fertility.

“‘ould like to ask readers of The Farm-
er whether they think it possible to in-
crease the fertility of a farm if one sells
more grain off from it than he puts
back on.

So. Lyons, Mich. H. E. P.

“'hile it is entirely possible to maintain
and even increase the fertility of a soil
without putting back all that is taken
from it in the form of grain, if this proc-
ess of conservation is to be kept up in-
definitely somc provision must he made
for supplementing the plant food which
nature has stored in the soil as it be-
comes depleted by cropping. By the
growing of clover and other legumes the
humus content oi the soil mr-y be kept
up and the nitrogen required for the
growing of other crops can be provided
through the wonderful power. of the le-
gumes to obtain and store in-their roots
a supply of this most expensive plant
food element necessary for the growing
of good crops. The clovers are also deep
rooting plants and will, to some degree
at least, bring up the mineral elements
of fertility from the lower strata of soil
for the benefit of themselves and of fu-
ture crops. But, notwithstanding the
in providing for the
is obvious that in time the

in the soil will

It is this very fact

in this country, and a

our methods of farming
if the crop producing
power of our lands is to
be kept up to normal,
through the proper bal-
ancing of the plant food
ingredients which are re-
quired for the growing of
maximum crops.
Theoretically, at least, if
all the crops grown upon
the land were fed to live
stock and the manure re-
turned to the soil the fer-
tility of our farms would
be maintained indefinite-
ly, and so long as the
latent mineral plant food
remained in excess of the
needs of the crops grown,
the fertility of our land
might be actually in—
creased. But practically,
there would be an end of
this process in time, since
a considerable portion of
the actual plant food
would be marketed in the
form of animal products
and there would be an
even greater waste in the
inevitable losses of plant
food from the manure

  

 

”w _._.. .... _.__..._._.._ “M

    
   
      


 

574 (2)

even if it were handled in the most care-
ful manner. Already considerable alarm
is being voiced by scientists regarding
the ‘future exhaustion of the stores of
mineral plant food in the form of phos-
phate rock and potash salts, but it is
probable that other sources of them
plant food elements will be discovered in
thelfuture, and that there is no immedio
ate ,occasion for alarm on this score. The
resources of man are increasing apnea
in the application of science to agricul-
ture, and we believe that there is no
question but that man will be equal to
the occasion ‘of supply food for the world
for many, many centuries to come.

But it does not follow that there is no
need for the average farmer to give more
attention to the conservation and main-
tenance of soil fertility. In case a con-
siderable portion of the grain and other
crops grown on the farm is marketed, it
is the part of wisdom to provide a degree
of supplementary fertilization which will
delay the time when the failing fertility
of the soil will be reflected in noticeably
reduced yields. Not that it is not desir-
able to grow and sell cash crops from the
farm. In the writer's opinion a combi-
nation of at least one special cash crop
with some form of live stock farming is
the most desirable and profitable to fol-
low, but the matter of crop rotation and
supplementary fertilization should be
closely studied to secure the greatest
degree of soil conservation, to the end
that our fat ms may be kept in a produc-
tive condition. In case giain farming is
followed extensively and persistently
Without such care and precaution, the
damage to our soils will soon be notice-
able, and it will be far more difficult to
rehabilitate them afterward than it would
have been to conserve their fertility l')f‘-
fore its depletion becomes a serious prob-
lem.

CARING FOR THE CORN CROP.

 

The care of any crop begins some time
previous to the planting. in the first
place, we should see that the rotation is
right, and that the corn follows a crop
that will properly fit the ground for it.
It is quite generally agreed that there is
nothing better than a clover and from
which one crop has been taken.

Another way of giving the crop good
”H is to give it plenty of plant food
beforehand. There is no danger of get-
ting too much stable manure on the corn,
and I think more good will be accomp-
lished by spreading it thinlyand evenly
and letting it go over more ground, unless
there is plenty of heavy dressing.

Early plowing is another condition that
will favor a good corn crop. Of course.
we can not always plow as early as we
would like. for the cats must be gotten in
first, and the manure hauled. It will help

much if most of the manure is hauled out.

during the winter or early in the Spring,

so this job will not intcrfcre with the
plowing when the soil is in condition.
Ground plowed in April and harrowed

after rains in latter April
will be in good condition

occasionally
and early May
for the crop.
It is possible, however. to give the
ground considerable preparation after the
corn is in. I like to go over it with a.
spike-tooth harrow at least twice before

the corn is up. After it is up one can
cultivate and cross with a weeder if the
soil is not too loose. There are some—

times conditions of the soil in which it
is not safe to barrow after the corn is
nearly up or to use the weedcr later, but
this is the exception and not the rule.

We have sometimes used thc weeder or
barrow and followed with the garden

rake to uncover the corn. as the opera-
tion could be done faster than to use the
cultivator, and the soil in the hills was
stirred. thus cnablingr thc corn to get the
start of the weeds that were easily killed
at this time. Any scheme we can devise
to get the start of the weeds and grass
ruthcr than to try to subdue them after
they have started is worthy of trial.

“'0 prefer to row the corn both ways
as it can he more easily cultivated and
kept crlem this wax, and the ground will
be in better (ondition for wheat which
follows a part of the corn. One field is
planted between the trees in an orchard
set this spring. The marking was done
with an adjustable marker which marked
the space between two rows of trees at
a passage, and left wider rows next to
the trees each way. This enables us to
give both the corn and the trees good
culture, and we can sow a cover crap at
the last cultivation of the corn.

The later care of the crop consists in
cultivation with a two-horse spring-tooth
or small shovel cultivator. going rather

THE MIC-HioAN FARMER:

deeply as soon as the com is large
enough to permit it. and decreasing the
depth until time for the setting of the
ears. when only the surface is stirred.
“’e aim to cultivate about once each
week for a few weeks until the com is
well out of the way of the weeds, after
which we work the soil after each hard
rain so as to prevent the formation of a
hard crust. S. B. HAETMAN.
WHAT THE “SETTLER” IS DOING
IN NORTHEASTERN MICHIGAN.

 

 

It thirty years, spent in the heart of
the undeveloped part of northeastern
Michigan. eleven years of it helping to

clear a new farm upon which my parents
moved without money or even a team,
the balance spent cruising and working
among the lumber jacks, playing politics
by holding down county offices, always
retaining an active interest in agricul-
tural matters and thoroughly knowing
the district, would qualify a person to
speak on that section of the state, then
certainly Ibhould be qualified.

In looking back, several things occur
to me in the matter of changes which
have taken place in the soil, climate and
various essential features of that section.

As a barefoot boy I wandered over
what We called “plains," bare of every-
thing except a gray moss which, under
the influence of the sun, got so stiff as
to hurt the feet. Scrape this moss aside
and you saw the pure sand.

Today those same “plains” are covered
with thick grass, oak, maple, cherry, wil-
low. aspen, and Jack Pine, so thick you
cannot look across them for forty rods.
Flew those same plains today and you
find from three to five inches of a sod.
formed from decomposed grass and
leaves, while the ground is almost uni-
versally covered with a succulent. juicy,
fattening bunch grass for which cattle
and sheep will desert tame pasture.

In those days. too. the lumber trails
and tote roads always headed for these
“plains." and stuck to them as long as
possible, so a person driving through the
country naturally was on the plains as
long as they would run in anywhere
nearly the right direction.

These ”plains are usually long and nar-
row, being from a mile to two miles
wide. and at times from five to ten miles
long. _

A person driving all day "a the old
tote roads naturally ,Iormed the idea that
the whole country was “plains." If he
had got oif the tote road a mile or so in
either direction he would have come to
the rolling, gravelly lands which pro-
duced the pine belts of hard wood, also
he would have encountered elm and ash
flats and swamps of cedar, spruce and
lamarack, mostly all underlaid with good
land. In fact, he would have discovered
that not over twenty per cent of the
country was composed of the so—called
“plains.” Men, who have gone into the
north of Michigan, purposely to investi—
agte, have been fooled in trusting to a
team and buggy and reported the coun-
try with fully three times as much
“plains" land as it really had.

One of the peculiar facts is that during
the “palmy days" of the lumberman,
when the country was rich and everybody
supposed to be making money, there
were scarcely any laid out roads; the low
places were made passable by means of
as cheap :1 corduroy as possible; streams
were crossed by means of pole bridges,
continually rotting out and dangerous;
school houses were few and built of logs;
town halls practical!!! unknown, the vet-
ing being done and town board meetings
held in the livingroom of some settler's
house, or the calm of some lumber
mmp; rural churches were unknown;
everything was built in the most tempo-
rary and inexpensive manner possible.

All this in the time when the land was
rolling in wealth and this section was
furnishing millions for the improvement
of the cities lying at the mouths of the
streams upon whose bosom the logs were
taken to market. When these rich lands
that had raised the greatest crop in his-
tory, were stripped of their immense
treasures, the country was dubbed a.
worthless barren “plain" and turned ov-
er to the few hardy settlers, without
roads, bridges, schools, churches, or any—
thing in the shape of permanent im-
provement. And what has this settler
done with this so-called worthless coun-
try!

He has demonstrated that it is far
from worthless. He has raised crops on
it that vie with those raised on the arms
in “God’s Country-”

He has opened up hundreds of miles of
section line roads, built them according

to state specifications, ,with gravel andl
stone, and drawn the state's reward of
8500 or $1,000 per mile, if you please. He
has ditched the low places, withdrawing
the water, and you cram the streams on
cement or iron bridges; at. intervals you
will come to the district school and. if
built of wood. it will be set on a brick.
stone or cement foundation, while brick
or cement school-houses are not uncom-
mon; he has built town halls in similar:
style. in which to transact public busi-
ness; quite often a rural church points
its spire Skyward, a neat, permanent
and attractive building; he has cleared
his fields along the roads, enclosing them
with up—to-date woven wire fencing; he
is building substantial farm buildings and
thousands of acres at young orchards are
spreading themselves upon the hillsides,
coming into bearing with fruits of such
color, texture and flavor as to command
the interest of fruit men all over the
country; he has organized his rural tele-
phone companies and built telephone lines
until the farthest back settler is put in
touch with the outside world; he has in-
creased his mail facilities until the rural
carrier or star route delivers it almost
daily at his door; he has organized
granges and culture clubs and is build-,
ing commodious quarters for them in
almost every young settlement in the dis—
trict; he has caused this “worthless sand
heap” in northern Michigan to bear such
yields of cereals, roots. and forage ‘crops
as to compare favorably with many older
sections where land is worth five or six
times as much money.

All these things has the settler of
northeastern Michigan done with a heri-
tage which, when turned over to him
was deemed worthless, and these things
he is continuing to do every day.

Reinforced by immigrants from abroad’
and the older sections of the country, he
is going to do these things faster than
ever. He is wide awake, alert and on
his mettle and blessed with unbounded
confidence in the section in which he
lives, a confidence well founded because
ample demonstration has been made of
the capabilities of the district along agri-
cultural lines to place its future success
bcyclnd doubt. .

A marked change in the modes of liv~
ing among the people is noticeable; the
red sash and “Mugged pants" are no
hunger the style: a country moi-i: party
will show well setup young fellows dress«
ed in style very little behind that of his
city cousin: among the fairsex the dew
crees of dame fashion will be observed
to a moderate degree and I doube not
but the bobble skirt might be unearthed
in unlocked for places in our new settle—
ments.

The ambition of the young man is no
longer to he the best canthook man or
horse teamster in the vicinity, but to
know the essentials of running farm ma-
chinery; to be able to hew more ties than
his fellows or ride a log in rapid water
is not nearly so essential as to be able
to prune an orchard or run a seeder; to
estimate the weight of a sheep or beef
animal correctly is of more importance
than to be able to estimate standing tim-
ber: to understand the Babcock test and
know the best insecticide and fungicide
is infinitely more valuable than to be able
to qualify as head sawyer in a lumber
mill.

These changes are attractting the at-
tention of an army of investors, shrewd
world-wise men who, after examination.
quickly see the advantages this section‘
possesses, with its abundance of pure
water, 30—inch annual rainfall, lands, the
poorest of which is a mat of the finest
natural pasture in the United States.
good growing seasons, steady winters
free from fluctuating weather. all within
400 miles of the center of population of
this great nation.

The interest of this class of investors
is causing a very marked and steady ad-
vance in values of property of all kinds.

Development on a large scale is going
on all over the district; a dozen, two
hundred—acre apple orchards are in proc—
ess of clearing and setting. while hun—
dred-5 are being put out, of five to ten
acres; trials of alfalfa have passed the
experimental stage and its future suc.
cess is assured: several thousand acres
of this important crop will be put in this
spring: small fruits are receiving wide
attention and already strawberries are
being shipped by carioad.

All these changes work for higher and
better things and bid fair to place Inch-
igan in the proud position of having no
cheap or “worthless lands."

Wu. F. Jonson,

Field Hanger Hertha-stern mchlgan

MAY 27', 1911.

\\\\\.\\\\\ ts \; 3.3x; ‘

does a better day's work than any other
mowers for reasons that are plain.

It‘s the only mower with floating

that eliminates all neck‘weicllt.
It allows a low-hung balance wheel that
gives the most direct and powerful pit-
man thrust.

Genuine Underdmfi. found onlyin
the Admiral. gives driving power in pm-
portion to the work required.

Uniform Tilt keeplghihe cutter bar
always rigid‘y in line. is makes closer.
cleaner cutting and 32176 hay.

Send for our big

Diamond Jubilee Catalog

that marks our filth year as makers of
farm machinery. It explains and illus-
trates the exclusive features of all Wood
M as that every progressive farmer
wants to know.

‘ \‘3 95V

(f’z/flfg’tfigzifik'"t, , ., ,

—yournamc andaddru:

on a you! will do.
'allec A. 'ood
I. am 3. IL 200.

m milk. I. t.
or 712 W“ Ava.
mm.

Mbmlrul

 

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F ll EE‘
BOOKLET
v_l_l_RI1'5_rooAv.

 

We want every fax-mm- in the landto have

our Mn FreeBooklet on hay waders.
If: full of interesting facts and illustrations.

It shows plainly why the simple. light run-
hing“; (WEARLESS Bay is the cheap-
“).qu the easiest to operate the most
durable and altogether the most satisfactory
lender for hmvy hay. windmws. light hay.
clover, alfalfa. or bonus

It's the loader that an be depended upon
every hour during the haying season. “No
time out for repairs.‘

Int us send you our Free Booklet at once.

Wriln as today-

“GROSSE HAY TOM. 00., ,

 

 

sands-nu. mmmwil

a... mm mm. do more

Gmdm the Ed Farmer
“so." BURT a: soulsTumu 5’”

LOGS WAN TED‘Wfl'“ 0‘“
GmmE L IDOL-m. “nit. [Wm
M Cn—Iflltw a Yellow Dealt, Imp. Insuring. Golden
Salado-h. mm.“ mac. 8'0le somnngdga?

 

 

  

 

 

When writing to adver-

tisers please mention the,

 

Development Bureau.

Michigan Farmer.

 

—.

 

 

 

 


 

 

 

MAY 27, 1911.

LlLLiE FARMSTEAD NOTES.

 

Oat Prospects.

I think, without any question, the oat
prospects in this vicinity are the poorest
they have been during my experience in
farming. Once before, under somewhat
similar conditions, we had very poor
prospects for oats, but even then they
were better than they are now. Every—
body is complaining that many of their
oats did not come. Some have re-seeded
and some are expecting to cultivate or
plow up and put into other crops. Cer-
tainly the average oat field in this vicin-
ity is a hard looking sight.

We finished sowing all of our oats and
oats and peas on Saturday, April 29. The
very last of the drilling was finished in
a light rain. I was congratulating myself
all the while we were putting in the en—
tire 45 acres that the ground was in
splendid condition and that they would
probably germinate and come up and get
a good start and the prospects were fine
for a good crop. But, on Saturday night,
April 29, an unusually heavy downpour
of rain came. I knew then that my hopes
for an excellent oat crop were ruined.
No plant, so soon after sowing on clay
soil, could receive such a downpour as
that and then thrive well afterwards.
Such a heavy downpour beats the earth
down, hammers out the air and makes it
an uncongenial place for the germination
and development of the seed. I had it
all planned out that probably by Monday
the land Would be dried off so that we
could go on with spring tooth harrows
and loosen up this soil. That would have
partially saved the crop. But, Sunday
night, the next night, we had another
heavy shower and then Monday forenoon
another one. In fact, this was all one
rain storm. I don't know how much wat—
er fell, but there must have been some-
thing like two inches. It was an exceed-
ingly heavy rain and came down in
sheets. The ground was all covered with
water. The rain came down with such
force that it packed the ground down
tremendously. Now, before we could get
onto the land some of the seed had ger—
minated and we could not follow out our
original plan of loosening it up with a
spring tooth harrow. As a matter of
fact, we “didn’t get onto the land again
until May 9, and then it was impossible
to get on the spike icoth narrow because
some of the oats had come up and these
looked at that time the only chance to
get a stand. Consequently, we had to
let it go and begin fitting the beet
ground. This worked up nicely on fall
plowing that hadn’t been stirred this
spring. We got the field in proper shape
and began drilling on the 10th and got in
about six acres that day. That night
there came downpour No. 2. The land
would not do to work again until Satur-
day, May 13, and all of the beet ground
which had been previously fitted had to
be worked up with a spring tooth harrow
and then smoothed off with a leveling har-
row before we could go on with the beet
drilling. When it will rain again no one
knows, but the surface of our clay ground
is forming a hard crust and we ought
to have a light rain within a few days,
on this account. Not that the ground
needs the rain for moisture’s sake, but
to soften up this crust.

Now the peas and oats that were sown
just previous to this first rain did not rot
in amount to anything, and are coming
up fairly well, but they never can make
a good crop simply because the mechan—
ical condition of the soil after being ham-
mered down by this rain, is in such a
condition that it is impossible for plants
to thrive to the best advantage, but the
seed did not rot and we will have a fair
stand. But the oat fields, both of them,
are absolutely ruined. It is one of the
most peculiar sights I have even seen.
You can see where every tile drain is in
the field. They run in every direction,
and right over these tile drains is a good
stand of oats. They are doing fine. A
little way from them on either side there
are practically no oats at all, just now
and then a spear. In many places it
will not average a. spear of oats to a
square foot of ground, the rest of them
rotted. As I stated before in a. previous
article, I had set my heart on raising a
bumper crop of oats this year. And I
think I did my part. Who will say that:
there is no luck in farming? I did the best
I knew how and yet adverse weather
conditions had entirely defeated my plan
and prospects, as I am out of an oat
crop. Not only that, but I am out some
very high-priced seed and I am out a
whole lot of labor that I had to pay cash

for.
Now, the result of this whole business

THE MICHIGAN FARMER. (3)" 575

is that.I will have no oats at all this
year, and furthermore. I will have to buy
seed oats next year, but there is no use
complaining, it can’t be helped. The
result will be one extra field of corn, and
a larger potato field. Perhaps it is all for
the best. Perhaps this extra field of
corn and this enlarged potato field will
bring me in more profit than it would if
I had kept it for oats. At any rate, I am
going to believe that it will. That is the
only way that I can see to get out of it.
I figure that that heavy downpour of rain
caused me $250 to $300, and perhaps $500
damage, and I don’t see how I have any
way of getting it back. It is something
that mayonot happen, and probably will
not happen again in 20 years. Perhaps,
never, at least I hope not.
Alfalfa.

Just after this first heavy rain we had
several days of very cold weather. At
night it froze ice quite thick, a half inch
thick in some instances, and this freeze
hurt the alfalfa. There isn’t any doubt
about it. Many of the leaves turned
white. In spots in the field now the
plants are yellow, but it has not killed
it and in some portions of the field it
does not seem to be injured as much as
others. But it is certainly not going to
come forward and make as heavy a
growth as it would if we hadn’t had the
frost. I cannot see that the frost hurt
the red clover perceptibly. It is doing
fine, thickening up at the bottom, making
a fair growth, and bids fair to be a
bumper crop. COLON C. LILLIE.

BONES FOR FERTILIZER.

We have a lot of bones left at our lum-
ber camps, and we would like to gather
these and use them in some way for fer-
tilizer. \Vill you kindly advise us what
we had best do with these bones?

OntonagOn Co. T. A. G.

Bone meal is a well known and valu-
able fertilizer. lt contains about 25 per
cent of available phosphoric acid and
two to three per cent of ammonia. A
small amount of potash added to bone
meal makes a splendid complete fertilizer,
but the bones themselves cannot be util-
ized so that they are of any particular
value without first being treated or 're-
duced. -Bones ought to be steamed or
tanked in the first place, to get the
grease out of them. Grease is not a
plant food, and not only that, the grease
in the bone prevents the bone from de-
composing in the soil and, consequently,
prevents it from becoming available as
plant food. Again, if the bones are not
finely divided or ground the plant food
in them becomes available very slowly,
in fact, so slow that they are practically
worthless. Of course, we know that if we
bury bones near a growing tree or grape-
vine or anything of that sort, then, in the
course of time the plant food in the bones
becomes available and will be beneficial
to the plant, but it will take years for
the plant food to become available in the
bone unless it is finely divided.

Now, there are two ways these bones
can be prepared so that it will be prac-
tical to use them as fertilizer. One is
grind them in the regular bone grinder
or a bone meal mill, and this will give
what is known as raw bone meal. It
acts quite slow as plant food because it
contains so much grease, but we can get
fair results with it on land that you want
to seed down to permanent. meadow.

The bones can also be treated with sul-
phuric acid and will dissolve and crumble
and then by using a dryer they can be
used as fertilizer. Now, I should say
that T. H. G. could get as much out of
these bones by gathering them up and
selling them to some fertilizer company
that has the necessary equipment to pre-
pare them so that they will give results.
There is a good market and they can be
sold for a good price per ton. The fer-
tilizer manufacturer will first extract the
grease from them and he utilizes this as
soap grease. Then he grinds the bones
very fine and sells it direct as steamed
bone meal or he mixes it with other in-
gredients to make a complete fertilizer,
and I am of the opinion that the money
which these bones would bring, if in-
vested in a fertilizer already prepared,
would accomplish more good and better
results than for anyone to treat a com-
paratively small amount of bones them—
selves. COLON C. LILLIE.

 

 

Morris’s Horace. Satires and Epistles.
Edited by Edward P. Morris, Professor
of Latin, Yale University. Throughout
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avoid too much as well as too little an-
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We know that the new Imperial double disc, flexible frame, scalloped blade:
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I m ' I D°"b'° Di” H
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he -
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805 E. Seventh St., Canton, Ohio

 .. wmen-mnsn AGENT

 
 
 
 
 
  

 

    

      
  

 

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5’76 (4)
WW

LIVE STOEE-

BUILDING UP THE HERD.

     

 

'V‘rvv

 

 

In the management of every beef herd
there is either progress or deterioration.
.No herd is ever maintained at a constant
standard. Example after example might
be cited of men who founded herds with
the very best animals that they could
.buy. After a few years, through poor
management or lack of judgment in
breeding and feeding, their herds were
Q‘very much inferior in quality to what
they were in the beginning. On the other
hand, there are many more who belong
‘to the ranks of true breeders. They are
imen whose herds improved with every
succeeding generation of calves.

It has been the writer’s privilege to
study carefully during the past three
months the lives and methods of the
greatest improvers of our modern beef
breeds. These men were breeders in the
truest sense of the term. It is a striking
fact that before any of those men were
able to effect any improvement in their
herds, they had ideals in their minds of
animals superior to the ones that they
or any other men possessed at that time.
\N'ithout such an ideal they could not
”have made progress. They were all men
who were first-class judges of animals.
Almost without exception they were men
who spent considerable time studying
animals or herds belonging to other men.

As it has been in the early times so
it is today with progressive breeders.
The men who are really successful breed-
ers are those who have ideals in their
minds of animals which they are trying
to produce from their matings. They
realize that it takes thought and study
to accomplish any desired end in breed-
ing. Above all, they know well that they
mifst know what they are breeding for.

It is not enough to mate animals just
because they are pure~breds. The rea-
sons for that are very plain. Every ani-
mal has certain faults which ought to be
offset by the one with which it is mated.
If a man is satisfied to'mate his animals
for the reason that they are pure-bred.
he in a great many cases makes the bad
mistake of mating two that have the
same fault. In that case. the fault is
intensified and the progeny is a poorer
individual than either of its parents.

About the first and easiest way of
building up a herd is by the use of high-
class bulls. Much of the improvement
made by some breeders has centered
around some one bull and his porducers.
One of the greatest breeders of Short-
horns living today is known principally
by the animals which he has shown and
sold from one great breeding bull. The
bull, himself. was an International cham—
pion and two of his calves have been
champions of the same show and many
others have been very prominent in the
show ring. \N’licn a bull is found that
meets the requirements for mating with
the cows in the herd or a large portion
of them, he should be. retained as long as
possible if his calves are satisfactory.

Men with small herds, especially those
handling grades. too often make the mis-
take. of buying a bull calf every time
they need to change bulls. In every lo—
cality there. are bulls that have been used
in other herds until they have heifers of
breeding age. This makes it necessary
for their owners to dispose of them. From
such as these a man can secure a bull
ihree years of age for about the same
price. as a calf would cost him. By this
method a man is able to see from a bull’s
offspring what kind of a breeder he is
and to judge accordingly whether he is
desirable or not. This matter of buying
a sire that has been tried cannot be too
much emphasized for only about half the
bulls in use can be rated as successful
breeders.

More culling needs to be done among
the cows. A large number of cows are
uufitted, either from lack of size. from
aulty conformation or from lack of con-
stitutional vitality to be retained as
breeding animals. This culling ought to
be enforced with equal rigidity, either in
buying or in purchasing from other
breeders. Poor cows constantly pull the
average of the herd downward. The herd
cannot be built up unless the poor ones
are excluded. Too many men have made
the fatal error .11 their haste to build up
a large herd, of retaining every female.
in a few years they have had herds of
much' less average value than at the
start. Real progress cannot be made un-
less the cows are culled just as severely
as are the bulls.

' .THE MICHIGAN FARMER.

A factor that follows selection in herd
improvement is care and feed. It follows
selection in point of time, yet it is no less
important. It is with feed and care that
the greatest breeders have brought out
their greatest improvements. Every one
of the early breeders upon whom much
of our present day types and breeds de-
pend were generous feeders. Unless an
animal is well cared for its good quali-
ties'will never be made manifest. With-
out it selection for animals of better beef
type and with better beef making tenden-
cies would be well nigh impossible. Be—
sides that, it is now a well established
fact that young cattle which are poorly
fed will grow tall and narrow and will
degenerate from the beef type. Thus for
another reason must he who would im-
prove his herd feed them well.

Active outdoor life is essential in de-
termining and in maintaining vigor and
vitality. In nature and under the opera-
tion of the law of natural selection the
weak physically are eliminated very rigid—
ly. Under farm conditions this point
ought to be emphasized more. Only the
most vigorous are fit to reproduce, es-
pecially in a herd where the aim is to
raise the standard of the herd. In main-
taining natural vigor the open air active
life is very necessary. Those animals
tnat are kept closely housed soon weaken
in vitality and are impaired in their
breeding powers, both in ability to breed
and in the quality of the offspring which
they produce. A. rich man's farm, upon
which the writer worked a few years
ago, had a big, splendily equipped barn.
The cattle were kept closely housed and,
seemingly as a result of that, the cows
and bulls lacked materially in the vim
and vigor which is so important in breed-
ing animals of all kinds.

Grass serves a double purpose. It is
the best feed nature has provided and
upon which man will never be able to
improve. In the second place. it furnishes
a means of getting the cattle .to take ex-
ercise. The breeding cows will live on
good grass except in cases where they
are being fed for sale or show, or for
some reason they are run down in con—
dition. . . .

Silage will be a big factor in the feed-
ing of the beef cattle in the future. Our

old ’country brothers have root crops of'~

all kinds to furnish suoouicnec during tho
winter. Beets are too expensive for us
to raise. Besides. silage yields just about
as much feed per acre and is equally as
good for all practical purposes. Many of
the loading breeders now have silos on
their farms and everyone of them is well
pleased with silage as a feed. These
men say that the cattle relish the silage
and that they come through the winter in
better condition and that it is a very
economical feed.

The bulls need outdoor life as well as
do the cows. We have succeeded best
by allowing the bull to run in a small
pasture near the cows during the sum-
mer. If the pasture is large enough we
have found it best to run a couple of
yearling steers with the bull to keep
him company. Once when we Were work-
ing on a farm where about 20 breeding
bulls were kept, we constructed a small
pasture within a big pasture where the
largest herd of cows were kept. Into
that small pasture we put six mature
bulls. Of course, the primary object in
so doing was to enable us to have the
bulls near the cow herd and to give them
exercise. However, there is another point
which we wish to impress here, that is,
that those bulls got along peaceably and
did not fight and injure each other as
some might have expected. On a dairy
farm within a mile from where this is
being written there are three mature
bulls, a Holstein, a Jersey, and a Guern-
sey. all living contentedly in the same
small pasture.

The heifers must not be bred too young.
If they are bred young much of what
should have gone to build up the muscle
and bone of their own bodies must neces-
sarily be used to nourish the fetus. This
stunts the growth of the heifer more or
less. She never reaches the size she
might otherwise have reached and is
never as sucecssful a producer of calves
as she would have been had she been
allowed to reach some degree of maturity
before being bred.

Early calves. those coming in January
and February, will usually give the best
results. They will be big enough to eat
grass when spring comes: They will not
require so much time when the other
work is pushing. As a rule, they will go
on and make bigger and better calves
At sale time those early calves will be
larger and in all probability will sell for
a. higher price than those coming later.

Milk is a prime essential with pure-bred
calves. If their mothers do not give
enough to keep the youngsters in condi-
tion, a nurse cow should be supplied if
the calf is worth it. If he is not worth
it, the best thing to do is to castrate him
and raise him on skim-milk. If such are
sold for breeding purposes they will bring
discredit to the pure-bred business and
will depress the price in general.

The herd must be looked upon as a
cold business proposition and handled as
such if it is to be made to pay. Men get
much that is pure enjoyment out of hand-
ling good stock yet if the business does
not pay, practical men will not stay with
it. It is a business that requires men of
brains, with ideals of good animals in
mind. and,skill and ability to enable them
to breed and to rear successfully animals
that will be superior to those in other
herds. H. E. MCCARTNEY.

GROWING AND FEEDING BALANCED
RATIONS.

About four—fifths of the food that an
animal uses goes to make heat, fat and
energy and this part of the food is com-
monly called “carbohydrates.” We will
call them heat producers. They are
composed of the sugar, starch and oils
that are in the rations. Most of the re-
maining one-fifth is needed to make
muscle and is commonly called proteids,
or protein. We will call it muscle mak-
ing food: it is composed of the gluten and
albumen in the rations. Much of the
little left goes to make and repair the
bones and is commonly called ash, or
lime, and is found in the woody part of
the fodders or in the form of lime in
grains. Of the other solids we need not
speak as the little that is required is
nearly always present with the other
elements of their food, except salt, and
anyone knows they ought to salt as well
as water their stock.

An animal’s needs will vary some, as
some animals require a little more of
some. food elements than others do. A
growing animal, a horse hard at work or
a cow giving milk requires more of the
muscle and bone making elements than
an idle one would, and in winter it takes
more of the heat. producers than it does
in hot weather, and in case we wish to
’fatten a grown animal we wogld increase
the fat producers a little. ’

When a ration is only a little out of
balance nature provides a way to adjust

the matter by the animal not digesting-

what is not wanted. But when a ration
is badly out of balance the waste be-
comes excessive and is expensive as well
as liable to injure the digestion of the
animal and at the same time the animal
is starving for want of what is lacking.
So it is very important to know how to
feed.

Clovers, (mammoth, .Iune or alsike),
June grass, oats and barley, are nearly
balanced. as are most of the root crops,
while oat, rye, wheat and barley straw,
with cornstalks and timothy hay are
badly balanced, being very short of mus-
cle producers and corn is short on both
bone and muscle producers. Wheat bran,
buckwheat bran, alfalfa. beans. peas,
soy beans and cowpeas are all rich in
muscle—making elements.

Vi'hether cowpeas and soy beans will
do well as far north as central Michigan,
I am not sure and it is important to get
northern strains of alfalfa to have it do
well here. Soy beans, common beans,
bran and alfalfa are very rich in muscle—
making elements and will almost double
their value when used to balance foods
that lack in proteins.

By calculating a little in advance it
will be possible for the average farmer
to produce the larger proportion of the
muscle-making foods on the farm, and
thus save some of the expensive feed
bills usually incurred in balancing up
the ration for the farm stock.

Isabella Co. F. G. SMITH.

 

HOGS ON PASTURE.

We haveabig bunch of Yorkshire gilts
out on June grass pasture. I built a
temporary house under a big hickory tree
and they are 40 rods from the barn. All
they get is June grass and water and
corn once a day that we carry down
there. They are doing fine. They seem
to be perfectly satisfied and they graze
like cattle. They do not seem to miss
their slop at all. I believe they are going
to make a satisfactory growth. I can
see already that they have gained in
flesh and growth since they were put out
there. This, it seems to me, is certainly
reducing the cost of raising hegs in both
expensive feed and eXpensive labor to a
minimum. COLON C. LILLII.

 

 

 

   

MAY 27. 1911.

 

    

The MA r SEPARA TOR ’

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R.H.MACY&CO.

 

 

 

 

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CAUSTIC BALSAM

 

 

 

 

   

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MAY 27, 1911.

SOME NEGLECTED PHASES OF PORK
' PRODUCTION.

 

Hogs will thrive in any locality where
the land can be made to produce a com-
bination of suitable forage and grain
crops. As the country reaches an agri-
cultural maturity and mere intensive sys—
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practiced the bulk of pork growing will
be confined to the intensively developed
stock and dairy farms. Dairy farming
and pork growing handled in combination
can be made to yield large profits. As
the science of feeding is better understood
hogs will increase in number, and acres
of clover, alfalfa, cow peas, soy beans
and rape will rotate with grain crops and
farmers will grow hogs of size and quality
at less cost.

Quality is a potent factor in pork grow—
ing.’ Much of the success in producing
pork cheaply depends upon how largely
and wisely farmers utilize the best breeds
and types in producing animals that are
adapted to the demands of the markets.
Pure-bred swine must be used as founda-
tion stock in establishing and maintaining
useful types. Profitable and uniform
types cannot be held in control by cross-
ing of the breeds. By keeping pure—bred
stock it is possible to prevent the de-
terioration of the stock and quickly es-
tablish the best type of hogs for profit-
able pork production.

Comfort is essential to profitable pork
growing. Hogs are still relatively high
priced, but relatively no higher priced
than grain. It is very important that
farmers who are feeding hogs should get

 

THE MICHIGAN FARMER.

clining condition. Nature, in her work--
ings, keeps a wideawake eye on the wel—
fare of the mother as well as the off-
spring. If the sow is in a low flesh con-
dition nature prevents her taking an-
other burden until her system has re-
gained sufficient strength to withstand
the strain. Because some sows do not
come in heat or fail to breed, many
farmers conceivethe idea that they are
diseased and sell them. When a large
number of sows are running together it
is best to put the smaller and weaker
ones in a yard by themselves and give
them a little special care and feeding
before it is desired to breed them. Good
vigorous sows are necessary if we get a
crop of vigorous and uniform pigs.

Sows eating their pigs is a frequent
source of trouble in many herds. The
most frequent cause of this complaint is
the craving for some particular element
of food that is deficient in rations. How-
ever, it is a habit that may be acquired
under a wide variety of circumstances.
Like the balky horse, the self-sucking
cow or the egg-eating hen, the cure lies
in the management fully as much as in
the food and medicine. The balanced
ration is of great importance, but not
the whole thing. Sows that have had
the run ofan alfalfa field, been fed grain
and had unlimited exercise have been
known to eat all their pigs after they
were a day old. To prevent sows eating
their pigs at farrowing time bran, roots,
green feed and plenty of water should
be given them. They serve to keep the
bowels active and the system clean. Good,
dry and comfortable nests often give relief

ment which young pigs are heir to. There
are many causes and various remedies,
but the best remedy is to prevent them
by feeding the sow a proper diet of less
slop and more dry food; The nests should
be kept dry and well disinfected with
lime. Some successfully combat the dis-
ease with laudanum, but it; should only
be used as a last resort, for any kind of
strong medicine will be likely to check
the pig’s growth and get them into an
unthrifty habit.

It is much easier to grow and fatten
pigs than it is to get the highest price
on the market. About the only advice
that is safe to follow is to avoid being a
market crank and to sell the hogs as soon
as they are ready to go, that is, when
they have reached a point where it no
longcr pays to feed them except for
speculative purposes. It seldom pays to
feed grain to hogs after they are well-
conditioncd for market, for at this time
most of the food required for the food of
support will be apt to be wasted and the
food of increase is sure to become a
diminishing quantity, diminished to such
an extent that it cannot make a profit-
able gain on the hogs. One of the most
:ucccssful feeders of hogs, of my ac-
quaintance, once remarked that he never
read the market reports until his hogs
were about ready to ship to market.

New York. W, MILTON KELLY.

LIVE STOCK NOTES.

Reports from \Vyoming state that fewer
cattle and sheep than usual will be ship-
ped out this year. The high prices of
last year brought about heavy shipments

 

 

Efficient Farm Power as Provided by the Breeding of Good Horses on the Farm of C. O. Bingamany 01‘ St- Joseph Co.

the most out of their grain, and in order
to do this they should make the hogs
comfortable. Comfort means cleanliness,
fresh air, dry beds, plenty of water and
L sunshine. Make up your mind as to what
makes the hogs comfortable and strive
to apply that degree of comfort to every
hog on the farm. They will feel better,
eat better and make better use of their
food if they are kept comfortable. It
means dollars in your pocket book if you
provide comfort for the herd.

Water is an important factor in mak-

ing hogs comfortable, and is necessary
for the complete assimilation of all solid

foods. Many fail in the hog business be-

cause of a short supply of water.
and drinking.

so that the hogs may have access to wat-

er whenever they crave it, than it is to
have the feeder decide how much they
may drink when stuffed with dry grain. In
some cases fattening hogs eat more grass

and other succulent foods when the sup—
ply of water is withheld. This extra suc-

culent food not only helps to make the
ration more evenly balanced, so far as
a shortage of protein is concerned, but

also the shortage of water, because such

green feed contains 80 or 90 per cent of
Water, whereas the dry grain contains

but 10 or 12 per cent of water. Hogs
must have plenty of water to remove the
unassimilated foods if they are kept

healthy.
Sows should be
gaining condition before they are bred.

It is noticeable that sows low in flesh at

mating time seldom bring as strong, heal .

thy and vigorous pigs as sows that are
No farmer should

in good flesh condition.
mate his sows when they are in a de-

Hogs
must have plenty of water for bathing
When practicable, it is
much safer to have the yards arranged

in a vigorous flesh

from this habit. Allowing sows to run
together at farrowing time is one of the
most frequent sources of this trouble.
Sows should never be. kept at the mercy
of other hogs during the farrowing period.

The care and management of the little
pigs is detail work and no man can suc-
ceed in getting these little fellows started
in the right direction unless he keeps
close watch of the sows and their pigs
during the early spring months. The first
trouble is apt to be sore mouths and to
avoid this the pigs should have their
large front teeth removed soon after they
are farrowed. It is a. form of blood
poisoning that is usually caused by lac-
crating each other’s mouths in the strug—
gle for their place at the teat. When
their mouths are in a foul condition a
drop of diluted carbolic acid will clean
out the bad flesh and remove the trouble.
Peroxide of hydrogen is also a good
remedy. ~

The next trouble is thumps and to pre-
vent this the sows and pigs should have
plenty of exercise to prevent them from
getting lazy and fat and not going away
from their nests. If the weather is Warm
and sunshiny let the sow out for an hour
or more with her pigs each day.

Another serious complaint is worms,
which cause more trouble among pigs
than most hog-growers realize. The pigs
get sick and die and it is called hog
cholera or some other high—sounding
name, without further investigation. For
treatment there is no remedy superior to
santonine. Dissolve one ounce in warm
water and mix with their slop and feed
to about 75 head of average sized hogs,
the first thing in the morning and con-
tinue the treatment until the herd is
cured of worms. .

Scours is the most dangerous derange-

that left the state short of cattle. Some
portions of Wyoming were short of feed
during the winter, but grass is now
good.

Iowa reports a fair pig crop, an average
number of hogs being fattcned and a
growing tendency to go into raising hogs
more extensively.

During the past year the only country
that increased its output of meat to the
London market was Argentina, and that
by the enormous figure of 122,346 tons, or
something over 351/: per cent.

The demand for breeding cattle is not
coniined to any part of the country, but
extends to all sections, and good breed-
ing cows are having a quick sale when
any are offered, but most farmers refuse
to part with them.

Reports from some of the important
cattle feeding districts of Iowa state that
about 7:3 per cent of the number of cattle
fed last year are on full fccd this year,
with heavy feeders preferred and stockers
and feeders salable at $4.25@5 per 100
pounds.

The scarcity of stockcr and feeder cat-
tle cverywhcre is telling on prices for
such stock. and at last. there is also a big
demand for stock for breeding purposes.
Prices are absurdly out of proportion
with those paid for matured beef cattle,
and this is true of both stock cattle and
brecders. As rangemen in the northwest
carried over fewer cattle last winter than
usual, they have becn eager buyers this

spring, especially since the good rains
revived the grass that was suffering from
March and April dry weather. John
Clay, who recently made an extended

trip over the northwestern ranges, says
that, two-year-old southwestern steers
have been delivered in the northwest at
a cost of $30 to $35 per head, being the
highest prices ever recorded. Their ex-
treme dearness may be realized when it
is stated that during the past decade
four-year-old range steers have sold at
an average price of about $40 per head
in western markets. Northwestern range
cattle were in similar condition to a year
ago, having come through the winter bet-
ter, but the cattle failed to do well dur-
ing the last two months owing to the dry
weather, which retarded the growth of
grass. .

 

 

 

 

 
  

 

MORE MONEY

GIVES~

MORE SATISFACTION.

NO STOCK CAN THRIVE IF PESTERED
WITH LlCE,TICKS,MITES,FLEAS,
SCAB,MANGE,AND OTHER SKIN .
? DISEASES.
r TO CLEAN our THESE
PARASITES, GUARD AGAINST
' CONTAGIOUS DISEASES,
CLEANSE, PURIFY, AND
DEODORIZE.USE

BETTER THAN OTHERS,BECAUSE,IT IS

STANDARDIZED.

UNIFORM,DEPENDABLE.EFFICIENT. ONE

GALLON 0F KRESO DIP NOJ MAKES 60

T0 I00 GALLONS 0F SOLUTION(DEPENDING
UPON WHAT USE IS TO BE MADE OF IT.)

A REAL NECESSITY ABOUT
HORSES,CATTI.E.SHEEP,SWINE,
DOGS, GOATS AND POULTRY.

FOR SALE BY ALL DRUGGISTS.

wrote For: FREE cuncuuns. ASK ron LEAFLET

ozscmamc A NEW CEMENT HOG WALLOW Irvou
' ARE lNTERESTED.

 

 

Save the differ-
ence between the
cost of a good

horse and $1.00-the

cost of a bottle of

Kendall’s Spavin Cure.

You can cure a Spavin, Splint.
Ringbone, Bony Growths or Lameness
with it, like thousands have done. Read
this letter—it will prove that Kendall’s is

The One Safe,
Reliable Cure.

Silver Creek. N. Y., April 8, 1909.
“Enclosed find stamp, for which send no
copy of your “Treatise on the Horse.’ I
have used Kendall’s Spavin Cure for the last
15 years, and it never has failed to do all
that I- claimed for It. Wouldn't be with-

out It." Yours truly, 'G. A. Dahlman.

No need to worry about your horse if
you have a bottle of Kendall’s Spavin
Cure on hand for emergency. Get a bot-
tle from your druggist at once. Don’t
take a substitute. The great book, ”Trea-
tise on the Horse,” free. of druggists. or
write to

Dr. B. J. Kendall Co.. Enosburg Balls. Vt.

 

 

KILLS ALL Tm s .

I ()NE Illl’I’IXG l

84 years experience prove truth of this
statement. Every tick and nit absolutely
destroyed it you use

Cooper Dip'

The only dip that kills ALL ticks in ONE dipping——
Cooper’s is sure scab destroyer. Increases growth
and improves quality of wool. Perfect skin tonic.
Results considered is cheapestdip on market. Used
on 300 million sheep annually. Handsome Calen-
dar and booklet free if you mention this paper.

Prices: 25 gal. pkt. 500 100 al. kt. 1.
Ask your druuist or write a p ‘ 7‘
WM. COOPER 81. NEPHEWS
64 W. Illinois Street Chicago, Ill.

 

 

Seldom’ See

1 a. big knee like this, but your horse may
4 have a. punch or bruise on his Ankle.
Hock, Smile, Knee or Throat.

ABSORBINE

will clean them on without laying the
W m’ horse np. No blister, no hair gone.
52$??? gottlfidehveaetii Dfisgilbgefyour case to!
a. n me one an 00 ree.
ABSORBINE, R... linlment for mankind. Be-
lnoves Painful Swellings E n la. rge d Gla. d I.
itre, Wallax Bruises, Varicose Veins, Vericositle
ld Sores. A lays Pain. Price 81 and 82 a bottle a.
d gist: ordelivered. Manufactured only y

rug
W.F.VOUNG. Ml. F. mutilate 83.. Sanitation!“


578 (6)

VYVYVYVYYYYYYYVYYYWYVVW

VETERINARY

AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAM

CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR. V. 8.

Advice through this department is free
to our subscribers. Each communication
should state history and symptoms of the
case in full; also name and address of
writ 1r. Initials only will be published.
Many queries are answered that apply to
the same ailments. If this column is
watched carefully you will probably find
the desired information in a reply that
has been made to some one else. When

ely by mail is requested. it becomes
rvate practice, and a fee of $1. 00 must
accompany the letter.

 

ALLA.

 

 

 

 

 

Weak Fetlock Joints—I wish you would
tell me what to do for a little colt that
is weak in fetlock joints. When standing
or walking its feet seem to turn under
its body. This same mare has had three
colts; her other two colts showed a.
similar ailment and both died. Mrs. J.
McD., Clare. Mich—Apply one part car—
bolic acid and ten parts glycerine to
navel, if the wound is not healed, once
a day, and give 1 gr. doses of quinine
four times a day. The mother of colt
should be well fed in order to nourish
her colt properly. It is a mistake to do
much to the legs and joints of a. very
young colt.

Rheumatism.——One of my cows has been
lame since last fall; most of the trouble
apears to be in fore shoulder and I would
like to know what ails her. Our local
Vet. treated her for stomach trouble, but
she showed no improvement. A. 0.. Rich-
mond, Mich. —Give 2 drs. salicylate of
soda and 1,5 oz. powdered nitrate of pot-
ash at a dose in feed too or th1ee times
a day and appl) to shoulder equal parts
aqua ammonia, turpentine and olive oil
once a day for a few days, then occa-
sionally.

Leaking Navelrsl have a colt ten days
old that leaks water from navel and I
would like to know what can be done
to relieve an ailment of this kind. .l. IL,
Lake Odessa. Mich.~-liissolve 1 oz. pow~
dered alum and l 07.. sugar of lead in a
pint of water and apply to navel five or
six times a day. If in 24 hours this fails
to somewhat check the [low of urine
stitch the opening, using linen or silk,
after it has been saturated in one part
carbolic acid and ten parts glycerine or
olive oil. In some cases a spring clothes
pin can be fastened on so as to check
this flow of urine.

Indigestion—My eight-year-old cow
has a very rough, dry coat, which seems
light to her body. A. R., Oshtemo, Mich.
Mix together equal parts by weight pow—
dered sulphate iron. ground gentian,
ginger, bicarbonate soda and fenugreek
and give her two tablespoonfuls at a dose
in feed two or three times a day. She
should be washed with soap and water
with some borax added.

Incipient Ileaves.——\Ve have a fine 7—
year-old mare that is coming down with
the heaves and I would like. to know what
to do for her. G. \V. 3, Grass Lake.
Mich—Feed no clover. nor musty, dusty
badly cured fodder of any kind; grain
and grass is- the best food for her. Also
give a teaspoonful fluid extract lobelia
a desertspoonful of tincture opium and a
teaspoonful muriate ammonia at a dose
in damp feed two or three times a day.

Congestion of Parotid Glands—l have
a brood mare that has an enlarged con-
dition of the glands below both cars.
This seems to affect her most when out
on grass and appears to affect her
breathing. J. R. l1), North Adams, Mich.
--—On account of your mare. eating large
quantities of grass and spending more
of her time masticating food the salivary
glands are stimulated into action more
thoroughly. than if a short part of her
time was spent in chewing food. Give
l dr. iodide potassium at a dose in feed
twice a day; also apply one part tincture
iodine and five parts camphorated oil to
enlarged glands daily.

Itoup.—My fowls seem to have a disease
that affects their head, making them
quite dumpish for a few days, causing
them to lose the use of themselves, and

die. 'l‘ hey have f1 cc Hinge, are fed corn,
oats, barley and salvage wheat C, D.
8., Clinton Mich ——l aint the head mouth

and throat with tincture iodine lightly
every few days, but bad cases should be
killed and burned. Your roost should be
thoroughly cleaned and fumigated with
sulphur or formaldehyde. '1Vl1itewash the
coop and be sure that your chickens are
not roosting in a damp coop with draft.
Thrush -Contraction——Foot Sore—I re—
cently bought a l1o1se that is quite sore
in both foxe iect: his boots a1e (ontract-
ed and his hogs a1e diseased. it. ll,
Harrytowm 1V“(ll. ——llliste1 coronets with
cemte oi‘ cantharides three times a
month; apply calomel to diseased frogs
once a day and apply wet cloths to wall
of hoofs every night. Of course, moisture
and filth is usually the cause of thrush,
therefore. you had better keep hoofs dry
until frogs are healthy. \Vhen you have
him shod use rolling motion shoes.
Azoturia.~l havc a seven—year-old
gelding that recently suffered from an
attack of azoturiu, but is now in working
condition. 'l‘here has been several cases
of this kind in our locality and I would
like to know how to prevent it. R. M.,
Vanderbilt, MiclL—Azoturia is :1. diaietic
disease, brought on by overfeeding and
under—exercising of fleshy horses. A
work horse should not be fed more than
one-third as much grain when idle as
if working: besides, he should be supplied
with plenty of fresh air. The disease
comes on for want of proper elimination
of surplus nourishment of the body. Draft
horses are, far more apt to suffer from it
than drivers. If a horse is stopped im-
mediately when an attack comes on and
not obliged to exercise until they fully
recover, few deaths would occur; how-

,1 .1.l I D
, 1:..1... __ ”1.

ever, owners and drivers seem to forget
this most important point and drive some
distance until the animal loses control of
hind quarters. The bowels and kidneys
should be stimulated into action, hot ap-
plications applied to back continually.
Give 1 oz. aloes, 1,5 dr. calomel and 2 drs.
ground ginger, one. dose only. Or give
1 lb. epsom salts and 1 oz. ground ginger.
one dose. Or give 1 qt. raw linseed oil
to open bowels. Give injections of hot
soapsuds. also give 1% oz. fluid extract of
buchu three times a day. Give yé oz.
doses bromide of potash two or three
times a day and if the horse is unable to
pass his urine have it drawn off. There
are many other remedies which act fully
as well as those I have mentioned, but it
is well to keep in mind that this is a
preventable disease. but not always our-
able.

ltchy Condition of Skin—~Bursal Swell-
ing on Cow's KnecFEnlarged Glands.—
As I am a new beginner in farming, I
come to you for a little advice regarding
a mare that I bought last winter which
is inclined to rub herself. The man I
bought her of did not groom her, conse-
quently she became very dirty and filthy.
She is not lousy and her coat is now in
fairly good condition I also have a cow
that has a soft bunch on knee and- the
glands of throat are some swollen. F.
C. G., Breedsville. Mich ———Apply equal
parts tincture iodine, spirits of camphor
to knee once a day. Give 1 dr. iodide
potassium at a dose in feed twice a day
and it will gradually reduce bunches in
throat. For your mare apply the follow-
ing lotion once a day to itchy parts of
body: Dissolve 14 lb. baking soda in one

gallon of tepid water and wet her with

it. Also give her two tablespoonfuls of
cooking soda in her feed night and morn-
ing.

Distemper—Enlarged Glands—I have a
colt four weeks old that had distemper,
causing it to cough. This same colt has
two bunches in throat, one on each side
of neck and a slight swelling under jaw.
i). 19., Brant. Mich—Give your colt 15 gr.
quinine at a dose three times a day and
apply equal parts tincture iodine and
glycerine to enlarged glands lightly once
a day.

Enlarged Leg.-—I have a yearling colt
that cut her leg last summer. The wound
healed ve1,_v slowly and now there is a
large bunch, but it does not cause lame-
ness. Would you advise me to apply
medicine and remove it, or leave it alone?
N. 'l‘., Manton, Mich —You will obtain
faulv good results by applying tincture
iodine every day or two but I am in-
clined to beliexe you will be disappointed
in reducing the bunch entirely.

Vi 1re Cut Leaving Bunch. ——0ne year
ago my horse cut his fore leg on a wire
fence, making a wound above knee. The
wound healed fairly well, but a. large
bunch remains, making him blemished,
which, of course, depreciates his value.
Can it be removed. and if so, how? W.
N. T. Pigeon, Mich. —-In most cases of
this kind drugs make but a slight im-
pression; .however. if you are not using
the horse apply tincture iodine three
times a week, but let it be understood
you 11ill never succeed in reducing the
bunch entirely. In my practice I usually
cut off such bunches; however, this had
better not be done until fall.

Sore Necks—Navicular Disease. —I have
two mares and. both of them are troubled
with sore necks. A scab usually forms
on sore. and pus can be found underneath.
I also have another horse that points one
fore foot and shows some lameness: J.
0., Maple City, Mich. —First of all, it is
important to have good fitting collars;
besides, the collars should be kept clean
and if the horses are worked a 1101 tlon of
the collar or sweat pad that comes in
contact with sore parts should be 1e—
mov‘ed, because pressure and friction are
exciting causes. Remove core with knife.
Apply peroxide hydrogen three times a
(1111 and dust on equal parts boric acid,
oxide of zinc and powdeied alum ten
minutes after using peroxide. Pointing
the foot indicates foot lameness, there—
fore I am inclined to believe that you
have a case of coffin joint lameness.
Standing your horse in wet clay and ap-
plying equal parts tincture iodine and

camphorated oil to heel every day or two
will give some relief.

Chronic Cough. —~My' horse had pneu-
monia and since then has been troubled
with a cough. He does not cough very
much while at work. E. W., Vassar,
Mich. —Give a dessertspoonful of tincture
opium, a teaspoonful muriate ammonia
and two tablespoonfuls powdered licorice
at a dose in feed three times a day.

lunlmged Shoulder.—I have a three-
year— old (olt that worked on the outside
of a three horse team and in some way
shoulder must have been bruised. caus-
ing a bunch to grow. I have blistei ed it
twice and am not able to see that it is
any smaller. J. M. S. Plymouth, Mich.
WApplv one part iodine and eight parts
111111 to bunch three times a week, or it
could, perhaps be cut out.

Fibrous 'l‘111no1——-Sit liast ——VVe have a
mule that has been troubled with sore.
shoulder for a long time. Last year 'we
succeeded in relieving him and ke.p1ng
him to wo1k, but this season we ave
gotten very little good out of him One
shoulder has a large bunch situated low
down and 1emedies fail to take swelling
and tenderness out of it. H. S., Jenison.
Mich.———From your description of bunch I
believe it should be cut out and the soon-
er it is done the earlier he will go to
work.

Bloody [Trine in Cattle—Haematuria.—
I would like to know the cause of bloody
urine. in cattle. My first experience was
in a calf that was fed on dry feed, good
hay and sweet milk. After he commenced
Dassing bloody urine I kept him in barn
and he died in three days. He was six
months old and in good flesh. The next
case was a cow that took sick last May
and we treated her; she rallied some but

(Continued on page 587)

w... ' . . 1 li'figi

1 ' 1‘ fl, '1 .1 1 11;. .. 1
,, . ~ 1 -. .. w 1'
1 l “3,: 1 ..~ 1;1 321’}- ":1 -\. . .e' . 3.111 QM"

 

MAY 27, 1911.

the 11 muffin“ ls]: 3' 1. ”.3 c1133: $03.31;;

IBM: Champions by AN HARMS. Reese. Mich

 

gang-y" Bred Shel-thorns”?! “Shim” 1331“

crooodnote. J. B. Hume! Mason. Mich

 

younoon “From
'Tlnt' 3 our idea. ehavcbeen handling
wool for forty onto. Our satisfied customers
number . Wo want 5 million
't till you heartromus Our
“Moro II“alley for Your Wool."

Stallion: and Brood Marc:

. 40 head of price winnners
to orri veMamh 5. Plenty

final-es in foal. A gnar-
antes with each animal.

Prices reuomblo.
[DEER "08., Importers,
boot. I, Lloonlor. Ind.

 

pl T___ AND

PlTLESS

SCALESiEn—Ejli ;
, lllllllll I.

Family, Portable and
Bow; neglnglnoo and Trucks.

Dormant Scalos, Baton,

 

 

PIGS FOR SALE.

I keep about 2400 cholera proof brood
sows and am selling fine grade

Yorkshire, Poland-China, Duroc and
Tamworth Woanod Pigs at $3 each.
ALVAH BROWN'S PIG FARM,
GRAND RAPIDS. . - MICH.
1. 1.1111001. 'mm- the Stock Auctioneer.
Write for terms and dates.

We. comma...
weird” FOR Dada; HANDLE TERMS TE‘IIfiIIIGGf-

 

 

J orome. Michigan.

11111111 summon saturates:

weighed and mcords kept. A young b11115 months old
for sale Dam of Sire has avera. 56 pounds per
day [01-4 mos. W. W. Knapp. R. D. 4, atonliet. Mich.

F O R SA L E‘&9$i§°rfifios§‘e°§§.h‘i$

akin. JOHN SCHMIDT. a No. 4. Reed 011.2. Mich.
SHEEP.

Oxford-Down Sheep“ 1111.12.12“
cattle fol-sale. J. A. D! GARMO, Muir. Mich.

—Good Yearling Field

Oxford Down Shug— Rams and oweoof all ages

for sale. I. R. WATERB RY. Highland. Michigan.

' -—I havolmowes. nmo than

RCK- Rambonluets all of my youngest an besg}
also 86 ewe and ram lambs. Live 2% miles out

Mon-ice on Road. Add drowJ. Q. A. 000K.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

H008.

—Growt wthy 81- Boots A Gilts

”Ines & “don” of choicest.8 Bro in from Prize
Winners. M. ’1‘. ”TORY .Ilowel, Michigan.
BERKSHIRE PIGS combining the blood of the
Masterpiece and Prom] or

Longfellow families—the world's best. breediJng
Price 815. C.D .WOODBURY. Lansing. Michigan.

 

 

 

' BERKSHIRES’Xe‘fil‘i‘é‘e ”Elm-‘33 6‘35

prices. H. W. WIGMAN. Lansing. Michigan.

' —Ten gills bredto the wonderful Duke
'Qrkshlras Pontiac Chief to farmw in April or Ma
No better breeding. O. S. Bartlett, Pontiac. Mic.

 

 

ERKSHIRE Yearling sow bred for July farrow.
also two fall Gilts and choice lot of March furrow-
od.(Pige eith. sex.) A. A. Pattullo. Deckervillo. Mich.

FOR SALE-Hie. 1111“” M 3.....-
shire Gilts, to furrow in

June. Bred to the excellent young boar. Premier

Bacon 4th. Rougemont Farms. Detroit. Michigan.

 

DAMS BROS. Litchfleld. Mich, breeders of Imp. Chester
White and Tamworth swine, service boars. sow: bred or
open, of either breed. Shorthorn Cattle. But? Rock. Bull Wynn-
dotto. W. Orpington, Ckls. all brooding stock leading winners

For Sale—A few sows bred for
”me JCI‘SCfiSA summer far-rowing and Spring
pigs both sex. BR,AY Okemos, Michigan.

DUROC-JERSEYS—gfiif”i§.‘ifii

sale. CAREY U. EDMONDS. Hastings, Mic igan.

— B . .
DUROCS Emmfnf‘fimxfi‘n‘i? 331333103”

 

 

 

 

GATTLE and HORSE HIDES TANNED

I; a special recess for Robes. Also small hides for
ate. It. wi 1 be to your interest to write for prices
DETROIT ROBE WORKS, lSZl Sheridan Ave. .. Detroit.

‘ -
‘ EGGMAKERS ”“3": Samoa) 52.83;“ 131). 318%.
WM. J. COOPER. M. Pleasant.

BlEElllillS’ DIRECTORY.
CATTLE.

ABERDEEN-ANGUS.

Herd, consisting of Trojan Briana. Blackbirdo and
Prideo. only. is headed by a Trojan Erica.
by B] sch Woodlswn. sire oft. e Grand Chain ion steer
and ibu" at. the International in Chicago. 60. ..
Hal 3 assisted by Undulatn Blackbird Ito

WOODCOTE STOCKF A.BM Ionla. Mich.

 

 

 

 

 

75 Fall Pi both sex. Write amused

J. C. BA NEY. COLDWATER.°° MICHIGAN.
-—S l

CHESTER WHITE .81??? ‘21::

businem of raisilwo Chesters and Holstein cattle.
Both Phones. W.ILSON. Okemoo. Mich

9 —Beet lit. , l wthy
31' C s l".5“"i "out“? 1% “37° 1“": 11
n. mmTa‘ “GB 0 0 00 0 0 l
ages. .s'bdni‘ufin Nashville. undid";

0. I. (LS Swine—Bred "111% “093.9131 u} frog;

right. Geo. P. Andrews, Dansville. 1113th 00.. Mic

0 I C -Mareh 831-st with quality and boot podi- ‘
- gees rder now and get first choice.‘
C. J. HOMPSON. Rockford. Michigan.

0 I 0's. Brodoowsall sold. fichoico Mar. dAr ll

fan-owed pl? either sex pairs not akin
ickelJi .No. 1. Monroe. Mi

0. l. 0. March Pits and Sows lfigfz’ge":

H. W. CLARK. R. F. D. 4. Brighton, Michigan.)

 

 

 

 

in buyers name.

 

Guernsey Bull Calves For Sale—1": ‘33:?

which are low W. W. BURDICK, Wayland, Mich.

I -All % young and 2 6 ll
0. '- c Sun mujzeMini Png. Price for)- aagho
time SZZto‘iO unith. Michigan.

 

TOP NOTCI'I HOLSTEINS

Top Notch registered young Holstein Bulls com-
bining in themselves the blood of cows which now
hold and have in the past. held World‘s Records for
milk and butter fat at. fair rice

MCPHERSON PAR 5 C0.. Howell. Nick.

30 As choice Holstein 6011s

as you will find anywhere in Ohio or Michi an.‘ I
hope to sell 15 before Alfalfa haying time. on can
have your choice of one or 15. At 811' good bulls and
bull calves. E. CONN ELL, Fayette. Ohio.

Holstein Friesian Catfie‘ggfii‘mfifi‘h‘é’ii:
ary Mercedes, W. B. JONES. Oak Grove. Michigan.
llli Kill. BULL CALF‘CM‘fliAIL‘Adiafifi‘Z‘3.
COLE BROTHERS. Ypsiland arms, Ypsilanti. Mich.
HULSTElfl-FHIESIAN ‘fiiii'fia‘ifislié‘fi‘éiifiifihsli“1‘32
O. Cows. E. R. CORNELL. Howell, Michigan.

ll0lSTElN BULL CAM/ES 1“" Sabi’ffi’gg‘

Sire has 75% of the blood of the sire oAf Grace Fayne
2nd's Homestead. E. 'COLLIER.. Fowlervllle. Mich.

 

 

 

 

 

' —Cows w1th .111 12 dam and25- lb d
"mum Bulls and Hengerveld De Kol as g. giraamAS
Brian for less tanh 3200. loo 3 more at bargain prices.

ONG BEACH FARM, Augusta. Kalamazoo 00.

OR SALE—Holstein BullZ years old 3125. Bull
Calies 6 months to 1 year $50 to $100. Bred heifers
51mm 3200. Oldest herd in Ind Send for Photos and
Pedigrees, W. C. Jackson. 715 Box St. South Bend Ind.
St. Lambert Jerseys,

FOR. SAL _Cows and Bulls from high

producing st0<k. C. A. BRISTOL, B‘enton. Michigan

H E R E F0 R D $‘rBO‘i‘hsa‘i‘ém Xi‘si‘, $3113.58?

China hogs. ALLEN BROS. Paw Paw. Mich.

BUTTER BRED JERSEY BILJIELS

CRYSTAL SPRING STOCK0 FARM.
Silver Creek. Alleguu County. Michigan.

JERSEY BULLS—Reg. Ages from six months to
Prices right. W E. €fi$fi%§“fi§§fig§,§‘“fi‘§gms

LILLIE FARMSTEAD JERSEYS.
HERD BULLS§Vidas Signal St. L. No. 58197.
Jubilee' s Foxhal 11]. No. 82299.

Bull calves sired byt esefiléeat bulls. and out of
splendid dairy cows. mam of t em in test. for register
of merit. Also a few heifers and heifer calves for
sale. Write for description and prices Satisfaction

;. amnieod. or money refunded.
COLON C. LILLIE. Coopersvillo. Michigan.

Register of Merit Jerseys. 2.2.0.11 fill:

lot of youn bulls fromm dams: with official records
4835311111,! sndu RsI'liioardn
N. Bay City. Michigan

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

.1, . 1.‘

 

—llegister(d boar pigs. excellent
fifig‘fi'lilisi; carer lsfi:s...aa:

. either so P i;
o.tliirEtlo(l:1ltl11°(ige sefingm Pigs! akin. aé)Olifl‘gii 2312‘sgd
roe. HARRY T. “SBANfim.OCA §,CITY MIC

—My herd is chief!
o. l- c: SWINE descent of the [loyal
strain both males and females. Get. my price before
you buy. Will inter free of charge in purchaser' 3
name. A. J. GO DEN. N.0. 2. Dorr. Michigan.

, ~—
Bnller 8 Famous Wonders .313, '11:, .1
Chinas. Best by every test, 20 fall boars readyfl for
service, weighing up to 2501bs at $20 & $25 each. they
have got. 30. Also Jersey bull calves richly bred.
J. C. BU LER. Portland. Mich. Bell Phone.

—P. 0. Boers read for i f
Ba rgains boar P y Rel-v 00. a"
.1 Embden Geese. z. KhiNE i‘ffie‘é‘?‘il‘l€i it‘ll?“

—F ll ‘
POLANll-CIIINAS .02.. ”égiax‘ié‘hiiffé @333
..W Barnes & Son, Byron. hiawaseee 00., Mich.

POLAND=C H INA 5—3393.“ 2'35

spring Digs. WOOD & SUNS. Saline. Michigan.

I PAY Till EXPRESS °§.P%§£°Bi§§sfi‘i

Pigs. JOHN H. BANGHART, Lansing, Michigan.

POLAND- CHINASNbfftggggeg 1..

choice fall boars 11. J. LANE, 7.01am,M1fc‘iiw

Three Extra Good FallP. c. Boars

B1 Next In Line. 32 sprin male 1 stead t
I ship 0. O. D. and f111ni51. edigpiege pronipélyéhifif
1ou want. good as the best, wrlpte tome for prices.

WM. WAFFLE, Goldwater, Michigan.

IG TYPE POLAND (‘II'INA BOARS. also fall and
early spring 1311. B. P. Rock eggs 8]. 00 per 15.
ROBER NEVE. Pierson. Michigan.

LARGE TYPE P. CLarfiestS in Mich. Sept. & Oct.
pigs neigh 2’30 to 300 Sired by two largost~
boars andf rom largest sons in State Come and sec

 

 

 

and be convinced. E. Livingston. Parma. Mich.
FOR SALE gill]? YOIEKSHIIISE PIGS.

MURRAY— WATERMAN 00., ANN ARBOR, HIGH.

llllie Farmstead Yorkshircs some;
Oak Lodge blood predominates. Large Herd. Three
service boars. Pairs and tries. not akin. Boers ready
gor- service. A fine lot of spring pigs. Gilta bred for
ugust far-row. Teh nearth. Satisfaction
guaranteed. COLON 0. LIL OE Coopersville, Mich.

th Ml hl
11111111011 1.; .. 1.111.531.1111?“ m -
..1 .' 1"-' I‘lm-J ‘1’1‘1,1!‘i?§

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

-.._ ... _+_-_

 

 

 

 

 


 

 

I‘M—mic

 

MAY 27, 1911.

LBOULTRYM BEES.

PERSONAL SUPERVISION A BIG
FACTOR.

 

 

 

To me it seems that personal super-
vision is the most important item in con-
nection with profitable poultry keeping.
I would never think of keeping a poultry
farm which I would not be able to over-
see in every detail. Indeed, in my long
experience I have most of the time done
the greater part of the work with my
own hands, and what I could not do my-
self I have always left full instructions as
to how it should be done, and afterwards
seen that my instructions were carried
out.

I remember reading a remark of Lewis
\Vright’s, when I first commenced poul-
try keeping, which I have found since
by experience to be perfectly true. It
was to the effect that if a man wishes
to succeed in the keeping of poultry,
either on a large or a small scale, he
must either do everything himself or see
that it is done. To leave things to oth-
ers to do as they please is sure to end
in failure. It may be members of one’s
own family, or it may be help specially
hired, but no matter who it is the owner
should see that everything of general or
special management is carried out ac-
cording to his arrangements and under
his supervision.

In order to be able to superintend ev-
erything, if one cannot do the work him-
self, there must of necessity be a com-
plete practical knowledge of every detail.
If poultry houses are to be built, the
poultry farmer may not have time to
erect them himself, but he should be
able to give full instructions as to plans
and all details to the carpenter or who-
ever he employs, superintending the work
as it goes along, and so with any other
work. In the management he may have
to entrust the making of the food to
someone else, but he should know how it
is done, so that he can see at a glance
whether his instructions have been fol-
lowed. In the cleaning of the houses, the
way the stock is fed, the location of the
coops, the arrangement of the different
pens: the selection of the breeding stock,
in fact, every detail should be so thor-
oughly known by the owner that he can
control the carrying out of everything
that he cannot do himself.

How Things May “Go Wrong.”

As to my own experience, I have found
that when, by sickness, absence, or other
unavoidable cause, I was compelled to
leave the work to others, invariably
something went wrong. It may not have
been much, but small things count in
poultry keeping. I have had sons and
daughters willing to attend to every-
thing for me when I was unable myself,
and they were taught all that was neces-
sary to be done, but when it came to
using their own judgment in various
emergencies that might arise (and such
things happen every day in poultry keep-
ing) they were sure to do the wrong
thing, or else do it quite differently from
what I would do. I have had chickens
killed by hens of other broods because
of placing coops too closely; young ducks
trampled to death by being allowed in
the house of the older ducks; roosting
houses swarming with vermin because
not cleaned out in time; hens drinking
water thick with slime, because the ves-
sels were not cleaned before being filled.

It seems no use correcting, reprimand—
ing, or advising, for the same thing oc-
curs again and again. I think the reason
is that so few take a real interest in
poultry keeping; they simply do things
as a sort of duty. This will never do. For
instance, when I go to feed my stock I
stand and have them all about me. As
I fill the troughs I watch the birds. I
see whether they are eating or not. I
can detect any bird not well. I soon
know all the birds by appearance. In
this way one gets to know the habits and
characteristics of all, which is most use-
ful. I can tell how much food they eat
up greedily, so that I need not feed them
too much. The servant way of feeding
is to go around, pitch all the food into
the vessels and leave it there, whether
it is eaten or not. This sort of thing is
true of every kind of work.

I firmly believe that if poultry keepers
would take such an interest in their fowls
as to attend to all the work themselves,
either by doing it with their own hands
or seeing it done, there would be fewer
failures in poultry keeping. There is, of
course, an exception to this in the case
of the manager of a poultry yard of prize
stock, as is often the case with gentle-

THE MICHIGAN FARMER.

men fanciers, who go in largely for ex-
hibition and generally employ a man who
is accustomed to raise stock of this kind.
But then the manager takes the place of
the owner in the other case, and it is
he who oversees the work. There is an
old proverb, “If you want a thing done
well, do it yourself," and this is specially
applicable to poultry keeping.

Canada. W. R. GILBERT.
FOUL BR-OOD IN MICHIGAN.
Reference was made in these columns,
some months ago, to the systematic ef-
fort being made by the Bureau of Ento—
mology of the Department of Agriculture
to determine the extent to which the dis—
ease known as foul brood prevails in the
apiaries of this country. A preliminary
report, giving the data acquired up to
March 1 of this year, has just been is-
sued, it being deemed advisable to ac-
quaint bee—keepers as well as those re-
sponsible for the suppression or control
of foul brood in the various states with
the facts thus far ascertained. It is
asked that bee-keepers and others having
knowledge or supicions of the existence
of foul brood in territory not covered by
this report aid in making the investiga—
tion as complete as possible by sending
samples of suspected brood to the ‘bureau
for examination. Concerning the atti-
tude of bee-keepers toward this investi—
gation the report deplores the fact that
some are unwilling to let it be known
that they have disease in their apiaries.
This, of course, is all wrong, as it is no
particular disgrace to have foul brood
appear in an apiary. The disgrace comes
in allowing it to remain. In appreciation
of this feeling, however, the bureau has
adopted the policy of not announcing the
names of the persons who supply samples,
the records being made only by counties.
In making the records it seemed im—
practicable for the bureau to consider
units smaller than counties, and a coun-
ty is recorded as containing disease
when the first sample of diseased brood
has been received from that county. In

most cases, however, several samples
have been received from the counties
recorded.

Naturally our readers are most inter-
ested in that part of the report which
deals with conditions in Michigan. The
data thus far secured indicate that foul
brood in this state is entirely confined
to the lower peninsula. 0f the (38 coun-
ties below the straits American foul
brood is asserted to be in existence in 38,
while five others are under suspicion.
Since every bee-keeper is directly inter-
ested in knowing whether the disease is
present in his home county, we give the
names of counties from which samples
of American foul brood have been re-

ceived. They are: Allegan, .-\ntrim,
Barry, Benzie, Berrien, Branch, Calhoun,
Clinton, Eaton, Genesce, Gratiot, Hills-
dalc, Ingham, Ionia, Isabella, Jackson,

Kalamazoo, Kent, Lapeer, Lenawee, Liv-
ingston, Maconib, Mason, Mecosta, Mis-

saukee, Montcalm, Muskegon, Oakland,
()ceana, Osceola, Ottawa, Saginaw, St.
Clair, Shiawassee, Tuscola, Van Buren,

Washtenaw and \Vayne. The five coun-
tics under suspicion are: Charlevoix,
Grand Traverse, Kalkaska, Manistee and
Sanilac. European foul brood is not
nearly so prevalent, being reported as
present in Berrien, Cass, Manistee, Ma-
son, Newaygo, St. Joseph, Sanilac and
Van Burcn counties, and as suspected in
Allegan and Kalamazoo.

The data thus presented should prove
valuable to those alert bee-keepers who
realize the seriousncs of this disease and
the necessity of holding it in check, as
well as a Valuable guide to those officials
(I the, Dairy and Food Department who
are charged with apiai‘y inspection work
in this state. Those who would aid in
fuilhei‘ ferreting out this disease should
remember that the only evidence ac-
ceptcd by the bureau is that contained in
a sample of diseased or suspected brood
forwarded for examination.
H...

Poultry workers have, for some time,
found it desirable to secure some form of
superficial floor covering for brooders
and brooder runs, which should be free
from the dust that usually accompanies
such materials, together with the spores
of fungi, bacteria and protozoa which can
usually be found in abundance in the
hay, chaff, or straw which is employed
for this purpose. During the past year
the Rhode Island experiment station has
made a study of this subject and it has
been found that the best material is a
sawdust composition, bound together by
an oil having a wax base and rendered
antiseptic by the addition of some coal-
tar disinfectant.

 

 

 

Hens’ Nests of Cement

The old-fashioned hen’s nest is a breeding place for

vermin and disease germs.

The concrete hen’s nest

can be washed out with the minimum of labor. Being

fire-proof, it can be periodically burned out.

They are

portable and preserve an even tempature.
Every farmer should use as much concrete on his place as possible.

Write for any of the following

for getting best results.

72 West Adams St.

Frlck Building
Annual Output 10,000,000 Barrels

Things made of concrete are fireproof and everlasting improvements.

special plans and instructions:

(1) Plans for Sidewalks

(2) Plans for Troughs

(3) Plans for Porches and Steps
Write us for information on any kind of concrete work.
We will write you individually, giving full instructions
This service is free.
only expense to you will be the postage used in writing
us; address - the * nearest( oflicc of the Company.

The

UNIVERSAL “323$" COMPANY

Security Bnnk Bulldlng

 

 

 

 

  
 
 

Where crops
Never Fall

Rich Grain Crops
Luxuriant Pasture
Splendid Roots
No Irrigation No Dry Farming
' No Drought

Write The Secretary, Central Alberta
Development League, Box 58, Edmonton,
Alberta, for illustrated booklet descrip-
tive of the Rich Mixed Farming District of

Genlral Alberta

Land Still Cheap
Free Land In Some Districts

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
 
 
 

   
     

/.‘{.!A_ __ gig.
5:: [out

   
 

             

The farm labor saver that lasts a lifetime. Broad tired

steel wheels carry any load. No wear-out to them.
Don’t be a wagon slave. The Electric saves thousands
of high lifts. Best for hauling manure grain. stone,
fodder—everything you have to haul. IEasier on the

 

 

 

horses. Why not do your hauling the easy way ? Send
new for free book telling all about the one long-lived.
steel-wheeled, real handy wagon. Address

ELECTRIC WHEEL 00.. Box 86. QUINCY, DJ.

   

"MATCHLESS " GASOLINE ENGI N E

Runs ump, separator. washing
mach ue, churn,

     

  
   
  
   

  
 
  
  
 

 

i! can start it. Weight 135 lbs.
3:!) GET THIS FREE. BOOK

i‘ Tells all about: this powerful,
,\\, portable engine, our guarantee
yum our 30 day trialofi‘er.

         
 

   
 
 

     

I\ WILSON MACHINE COMPANY
128 E. Gmd Avenue, Dec loin“, ll.

 
 

/.

        

Bee Supplies and Berry Baskets.

Hives, Sections, Comb Foundation, Smokers, etc. Berry Baskets &. Crates

, We can save you freight expense. and make prompt. shipments
*- Scnd for catalog. Will quote low prices on large quantities.

M. II. HUNT 6 SON, 110 Condit SL. Lansing, Mich.

 

' ' -Standard "bred and thw
Bargam "I II- I. "eds stock. Single comb eggs $1
per 15; Rose comb eggs $1.25 per 26 in good lmskot.
Quality and safe arrival guaranteed. Raise Reds and
compete With Canada. Buy of the poultry s eciulist.

W. T. FRENCH, Luding‘ton, NIIcInlgiui.

EGGS FOR HATCHINGR’I’M" Winning
\Vliite and Columbiun, White Hollandy'IIiI-lrllrgtstesd
White Guineas. Z. KINNE, Three Oaks, NIH-III!

GIGS from the famous Blue Belle Strain of Barred
Rocks. rlze winners at Chicago & Boston. $1 50 a.
setting. $1 from special ion of 8 hens. $2 from a coin]
pen of 10 pullets. Luke 1'ng Farm, Levering, Iich.

 

 

S BLACK MINORCA EGGS—Lay large white
0 I eggs and lots of them. $1 for 13; $3 for 50; $5
for 100. If}. A. BLACK, It. No. 6. Lakcview, Michigan.

' —-Iloso or single comb c -k-
Whue leghm'ns crels. Rosa (‘oiuli eggs $1 III $2
per 1;). Ray J. Graham, It. F. I). No. 1, Flint. Mich.

LILLIE FARHSTEAD POULTRY
B. I). Rocks, It. I. Ilcds, W. Vszinrlotteu and S. C. W.
Leghorn eggs for Halc. IS for .‘1; 26 for $1.50; 50 for
$2.50. (IULUN (‘. LILL] Ii], (‘nopors\'illo, Illich.

 

 

 

‘GGS; EGGS: EGGS—“'Iiito 1c Buff Or in t
It white it Barred Rocks, Black it “hits ii‘im“..-‘.3.’.‘.:
Vi hito & Bull Leghorns. Hose & Single, Comb Hedi-1‘
Iioudiiiis 62. White Crested Elk Polish. H. II. King, Willis, Mich.

 

HOROUGHBRED S. O. BRO‘VN LEC‘HOR .
T git $1.00 {)(‘I‘ 1:3 or $5.00 per 100. Slack 1151:; (311a
LEVI IS ’I‘. () ’I’I‘INLANIII‘JR. II. No. 4. Lansing, Mich.

 

Rocks. $1 :1 setting, 31.3“ for two settings.

Eggs~IJiglit Brahma, VVIiito Wyandotto and Barred
. BISHOP, Itoutc 38. Lake Odessa, Michigan.

 

ll. 0. ll. Leghorn Cookerelsjfiigfflj ,fif‘Ffi'g 331° “M

in season. 0. W. “'AI’I‘E, Gobleville, Illicli'ig'zI‘iilfgs

gINGLEECOMB BLACK MINDHCISXEgyEW'm“-

. r . Jr:
.00 per setting. It. W. MILLS, Saline, Ill'lighiinIif.i

 

 

ILVER. GOLDEN and WHITE WYANDOTTE
5 Eggs $1.50 per 15; $2.50 per 30. A few White Roostcgs
left, circular free. C. W. Browning, Portland, Mich.

FOR SAL —§l. Grand R.rC. Rhodevlgiland

$2.75; 100 for $5. BUELIEOIIS'lIIIlgi ghnfogifiioql' M015:
—I’s f I . . ‘ .

WHITE WYANDUTTE kidad“thiigdx\'IZI£I::,IfIIins 3'23

pays. A. FRANKLIN SMITH. Ann Arbor, Mich.

 

 

 

‘ and S. C. White Le hor .
Wh!te Wyalldoue chofi”. Moore strafing. sill)
per 1:) or $5 per 100. VVATEIKBU’RY, (Ilarkston, Mich.

DOGS.
TRAINED foxhounds and hound pups ilor hunting
for and (icons. Also collies. Inclose
2-cent stamp. W. E. LECKY. Holmesville, Ohio.
00 WRITE W. J. ROSS. Rochester, Michigan,

for those beautiful sable and white Collie Puppies.
of the finest breeding, and from stock workers.

 

 


580m

t. THE DAIRY

W
CONDUCTED BY COLON C. LILLIE.

 

 

 

THE MILK PAIL AND BETTER MILK.

 

Consumers are insistent upon a cleaner
milk and those who own cows agree that
it Would be better *0 have a more ideal
product. But consumers seems unwilling
to stand the additional expense required
to produce the better article; hence, it
dairymen wish to meet the demand for
the better quality, or if they should be so
fortunate as to have customers who ap-
preciate the, cleaner milk and stand
ready to give a premium for it, they, the
dairymen, must seek to take advantage
of inexpensive chances to reduce the
amount of dirt and bacteria.

.{emarkable revelations were secured
by carefully conducted work at the
Geneva experiment station of New York,
where the purpose was to determine how
much the covered pail would reduce the
number of bacteria in milk. Different
types of pails were tried and it was.
shown by count ‘that the number of bac—
teria in the milk drawn in covered pails
was from 50 to 70 per cent less than in
the open pails.

These differences should commend the
attention of our dairymen. If the bacte-
rial content of the milk can be cut in half
by a change of milk pails it would seem
i..at here is a place where the farmer
and dairyman can. at a very small ex-
pense, satisfy appreciative customers and
supply the demands of our city health
boards.

The original idea regarding covered
pails was to have a screen through which
to strain the milk as it went into the
receptacle, and thus exclude dirt. This
idea was developed before bacteria were
so well understood. The scheme kept
larger pieces of dirt from entering the
pail, but it developed two faults which
became apparent with the advanced
knowledge of bacteria. The first of these
was the necessity of daily sterilization of
the strainer. Upon the ordinary farm
this attention was not easy to give. with
the result that it was neglected and milk
became greatly contaminated by bacteria
developing in the strainer and being
washed into the milk at the next milk-
ing. The second objection was that dirt
would collect on the strainer and when
the streams of milk were forced through
the mesh it would disolve the dirt and
carry the bacteria through the strainer
into the body of milk in a much better
condition for multiplying than if the solid
piece of earth had fallen in as a lump.

These objections have discredited the
strainer type of pail and failing to dis—
criminate between the strainer type and
simple cover type. both have suffered.

Another factor has opposed the intro-
duction of these pails and that is the in-
creased difliculty in washing. This is
an objection, yet the care with which
they are now being made of soldering all
cracks so they ate smooth and avoiding
unnecessary difficult places to reach with
the washing implements have reduced
the objection to a minimum, and the ad-
ded work required is no reasonable bar-
rier to their use.

A more stubborn reason for not accept-
ing the pails was their forms. Some cows
are low and require a shallow pail, others
have large udders with teats set well
apart and demand a large opening to
easily direct the milk into the receptacle.
The addition of a cover complicated these
demands. But careful attention and study
have produced types that are giving good
satisfaction. Considering the amount of
bacteria and dirt kept from the product
the little extra care required in their use
over that demanded by the open pail is
small and after a few milkings the men
become accustomed to the pails and get
on quite as satisfactorily as with the open
kind.

DAIRY PARAGRAPHS.

 

Experiment has demonstrated that a
superior curd and cheese are made from
milk cooled immediately after being
drawn from the cow‘s udder, without
aeration than by allowing the milk to be
exposed to the atmosphere.

It is often a mooted question as to
when a dairy cow is likely to produce her
maximum flow of milk. Some of our sta-
tions have kept record of animals and
shown that cows usually gain in their
milk flow until about the seventh year
when the amount remains constant until
the twelfth year, after which there is a
decline. After the twelfth year the de-

mal in of less value as a yielder than a.
Dalrymen usually consider the
cow to be at her best between the ages
of seven and ten.

"Did it cost twenty dollars or fifty dol-
lars a year to keep the cow?”
as important a question,
with brain and pencil to determine prof-
its, as knowing how many pounds of but-
ter—fat the animal
of production is decreased by properly
balancing the ration for the cow.
ancing the ration

when seeking

reduces waste to a
should be‘ made to
grow upon the farm such crops as will
The high protein con-
tent of alfalfa commends it to all who
as a desirable forage crop
for the dairyman.

The capacities of our dairies are being
limited by summer
stead of the

mix to advantage.

accommodations
lack of stable room and
stored feed, as was commonly the case
To increase the possibili-
ties of our farms we must resort to the
silo and soiling crops.
silage feeding
Its advantages recommend
system of soiling since it is cheaper and
more convenient,
method for the reason that at the present
price of land dairyn-en cannot afford to
have large areas left in pastures.

a decade ago.

and over the

 

COW-TEST! NG ASSOCIATIONS.

 

There are now in the United States 55
cow—testing associations.
ness in promoting better dairing is being
testified to by the many reports coming
to the department of agriculture.
department now has two men aiding in
organization of
During the past year
have come into being.
the value of the work done by the co—op-
erative organizations,
of them show that in four years the av-
erage annual profit on each cow has been
nearly doubled, having been raised from
$21.43 per cow per year to $42.82, while
the average return for each dollar spent
in feed has increased from $1.64 to $1.98.

Some men sec in these associations the
effective organization of
The fact that the associations
have confined their investigations to a.
line of work that can be readily carried
on through a simple organization will
teach and train them to become accus-
tomed to organized effort without starting
disrensions and when they have discov-
ered that business can be done co-opera-
tively then they can and will extend their
organization to other .
gradually growing until much of the
waste of independent work is eliminated.
If the success of the organizations have
anything to do with the prophecy, there
is every assurance that the effective get-
ting together of dairymen is not impos-
sible nor improbable.

Their effective—

28 new societies
As an example of

the records of one

coming of an

 

 

THE GENUINE AND THE SUBSTI-
,TUTE DO NOT ENJOY EQUAL

 

The person who really wishes to see
such legislation enacted as
the consumers of butter against a frau-
dulent substitute and the butter con-
producers of the country against illegiti-
mate competition must not lose sight of
the fact that a genuine food product has
rights which the substitute has not.
is one of the fundamental
pure food legislation.

The efforts of some of the oleomargar-
ine witnesses at Washington to make it
appear that the substitute
is not only equal to the genuine as a
food product but
were very amusing
ludicrous and provoked a great
in spite of their ser~
of the Capital
was perhaps the
worst offender in this respect.
citing at length the methods followed in
insure a product better
than butter in every respect. he testified
that his employes were not allowed to
use profane language in the factory.
spite of his attempt to throw a halo of
sanctimoniousness about his product no
one took him seriously and oleomargarine
is still oleomargarine.

Hon. E. J. Hainer, of Nebraska, in an
extended argument before the committee,
used these words:

“It is made as nearly as possible in
imitation of butter, in texture, form, col-
or, taste, aroma. form of package, nomen-
clature, and every detail, particular, and
attending circumstance, except label on
packages. Butter and milk of the best

principles of

is really far

deal of merriment

his factory to

THE MICHIGAN FARMER.‘

quality are used to. heighten the slmill- l
tude. All this is done to appeal to patron- '
age. At the table,- -the point of consump«
tion. it. is only on the rarest of occasions
that the consumer is advised that he is
being served with oleo, and.not with but-
ter. Does he ask the waiter to help him
to butter? Oleo is handed him. Why all
this effort to similate butter? It certainly
is not due to philanthropic intentions and
purposes. It is solely for the profit there
is in‘it. The credit. balance appearing
after the account is cast up. The appeal
is made to the general desire for butter.
In imitation appears the unconscious hom-
age which the inferior always pays to the
superior—the sincerest flattery. It is the
case of pewter and lead counterfeiting
silver, and glass counterfeiting diamond.
'Whoever heard of silver attempting to
counterfeit lead, or diamond, glass? Nev-
er until a few days ago in this presence,
by a manufacturer of oleo from an Ohio
city, I believe, was it seriously in-
sisted that oleo was better than butter.
that butter making was obsolete, and
should be abandoned. while the cow
should be abolished except for beef pur-
poses. He proved his sincerity by telling
us he named his oleo factory and busi-
ness, ‘The Capital City Dairy Company.‘ "
Minn. E, K. SLATER.

 

SELECTING FEEDS FOR THE COWS.

 

In earlier days corn was the universal
feed for stock, and it mattered little
whether feeding was done for making
beef or for securing milk. With broader
experience under conditions more exact—
ing than prevailed during the years of
pioneer life, and with the advantage of
valuable results obtained from extensive
experimentation by American and foreign
experiment stations, we have come to
learn that feeding animals can be done
best when we have in mind the products
we wish to produce and when we know
the capacity and nature of the particular
animal feeding. The dairyman of today
gives his cows different rations than the
man who feeds for beef. Even the dairy-
man differentiates between the feed for
his growing calves and that for the milch
cows, and also between that for milkers
and for the dry animals. Animals pro‘
ducing large amounts of milk and those
giving but small “messes" are also hand-
led in a different manner by the most'
experienced men. We have, in other
words, gone from the one extreme where
all animals looked alike, so far as pro—
viding feed is concerned, to where the
giving of feed is adapted to the individual
needs and requirements of the particular
“critter.” The “'isconsin experiment
station has furnished us with a fund of
information relating to feeding dairy ani-
mals. _The same institution has recently
collaborated. from careful work extend-
ing over a number of years additional in-
formation relating to this vital phase of
dairy work, a digest of which is given
herewith:

The selection of food is of prime im-
portance in the profitable management of
a herd of dairy cows and, next to the
selection of cows of the proper type and
breeding, is the factor of greatest im-
portance in profitable dairying. By weigh-
ing and testing the milk the production
of each animal may be determined, and
by comparing the cost of the feed eaten
by the cows with the value of their pro-
duction the net profit yielded by each
cow is obtained. The use of such feeds
as will give the maximum yield from each
particular cow is necessary. if the great—
est profits are to be secured regularly.

The proper proportion of protein, car-
bohydrates and fat in the ration have
been studied by many investigators with
varying results. All feeds grown on the
farm, ,except clovers and other legumes,
are low in protein and such farm grown
feeds must be supplemented by the pur—
chase of feeds rich in protein. An ex-
tensive investigation with the University
dairy herd has shown that nutritive ratios
1:6 or 1:7 can be used successfully.

A rule fora-feeding COWS generally prac-
ticed at the experiment station is to feed
as many pounds of grain per day to each
cow as she produces pounds of butter-fat
per week, or one—fourth to one-third as
much grain as she gives pounds of milk
daily. No two cows can be fed exactly
alike; each must receive individual at-
tention according to her requirements. A
general grain mixture may be used, how—
ever, which will meet the needs of most
of the cows in the herd. The amount of
this mixture to be given may then be
varied according to the production of the
cow.

High producers need more protein than

' our 2?. 1911.

 

FREE TRIAL

ofo

S‘HARPLES

Tubular Cream Separator
Without Freight.
Expense or Responsibility

Tell us on want to try the Tubuhrt—The
World's Bycst—dree. The Tubular mil be
delivered at our home. free. Set up. started.
left with you or thorough. free tnal.

You pay no freight—pay nothing in adv-am
—¢o to no oxponso. trouble or responsibility.
Satisfy yourself that Dairy Tubular: have no
(irks or other contraption» produce
skim ' force of others. than
into: twice a: doan. .

Farmers. everywhere. are trying
Tubulars. Those who try, buy.
Tubulars repeatedly pay for them-
selves by savin what others lose. So
easy. to wa s. . ,
Rapidly replacmg
all others.

When the Tubu-
lardlasts a lifetimgel
an s guaran ee
forever by Amer-
ica's oldest and .3
world's biggest -
separatorcon-
cem, how
can you ai-
iord the ex-
pense of any
"mailorder"
or- other (so
called) cheap
machine that lasts but one year on the average?
- Other separators taken in part payment for new

ubu

Write for
free trial
and catalog
No. 152

 

   
    
      
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
   
 
 
 
    
 

Till: LES 8 ABATOI CO.
“#1952; cnzsggé‘ 2%.!“ 0;.-
(M Tataran. Willow Col.

   
  

 

 

It Buy This a)
PUTA To BIGGER

Extra strong,very durable, light draft, easy
on horses, positively best potato digger
on market. Fully guaranteed-still priced
low. Get free book on Diggers, Pickers and
Sorters. Iloovcr Mfg. 00.. Box 45 .Avery.0hio.
Transfer points—Buffalo,
. N.Y., DetmigMich. St.Paul.
Minn.. Marshalltown. 13,.
Idaho Falls,ld., Portland.

 

Postage on M
Big FREE Boo
to You earrings

you my Big in! Book Free—postage
paid by me. that you over no swim
and have you 026.00 or up if you’ll

Write a Postal

Boom 8pm mmmgm
ricen wil'l

 
   
    
  
     

   
 

 

Keeps flies and all
insects and poet- 0!!

animals —- in born or as-
ture—longer than on mi-
tattoo. Used and en arsed
since m5 by leading dairy-
men and farmon.

$1 worth saves $20M

2:... . . in milk and flesh on each
new in a single season. Cures sores. stove itching
and prevents infection. Nothing better for galls.
Kills lice and mites in poultry houses.
SEND $1 if your dealer can't supply you, hr
) (along:° Shoo-Fly to protect 800
«own. and our 8 - tn gravity sprayer without
extra charge- Hom bad: if not volume-corp. W'rlte
for Booklet. free. Special terms to agents.

Shoo-Fly Ills. Cm, Dept. "1301 ll. 10th St, Mada.

Editor know- from experience that Shoo-Fly is 0. K.

CREAM

. SWEET 0B SOUR.
We can use all you have.
For churnin urposes.
Ship to us. 0 ay highest market price.
Cash on every ahi ment.
Reference-First ational Blink of Detroit.

MEDINA 60M" CREME!" 00.,

74 Wool Congress St, Dotrolt, lloh.

' For logs, Sheep & Cattle
Milk Ollls the best and cheap-
est. destroys absolutely scab.
ticks.llee.mltes.etc. lGollon
makes loo Gallons most efl'ec-

tlvo disinfectant. Get our 28
page Catalog—free for the oak-
ing. Agents Wanted. ‘

F. S. BURCH 1 C0.
64 W.nllnolss‘t..Chlcugo.nL '

Please nation the Iichlgu Earner Ila' .'

  
  

.' . 1:.

 

 

       
     
 
 
    
 
 

   
 

 

 

cows producing only small amounts of

 

you mwrlllnglondvcrflun «aw-tum.

 

 

 

 

“QC-Asia

 


 

 

fins“; ‘ . ..

ta

up-

 

 

‘, “8)r»*Iee-‘“‘ ,

D

MAY 27, 1911.

milk and butter-fat. The amount of feed
used by cows depends also upon their
body Weight, larger cows requiring more
feed for maintenance. The amounts of
dry matter, digestible matter and digest-
ible protein to be furnished must be
varied. ..

The Composition of feeding stuffs should
receive close study by dairy farmers.
They should plan to grow a sufficient sup—
ply of roughage and some of the grains
needed to feed the herd. The purchased
feeds, which are needed to supplement
these feeds should be selected after a
careful study of their chemical composi-
tion and digestible components as well
as their cost.

BREEDING DAIRY CATTLE.

 

In herds where a large milk yield is
desired, special attention must be paid
to using only those heifers that have
come from the best cows. The heifers
from poor milkers with badly formed ud-
ders should on no account be retained;
they are likely to inherit the qualities of
their mothers. “’hen it is considered
that many of the dairy cows yield only
190 pounds of commercial butter, While
others on the same pasture yield up to
400 pounds, the need for grading up will
be readily understood. In this matter,
one should be guided by. local and cli-
matic conditions. The dairyman should
consider well before making a selection,
and especially in new districts, for how
often do we find a man breeding in a
certain line for years and then finding out
he has made an improper choice, with

 

the result that the years have been wast- . .

ed and he must make a fresh start.

Select heifers from deep milking cows‘
and by continuing this process for a.
sufficient length of time the average milk'
yield will be considerably increased.

I think a great fault with the average
dairy farmer is that he stints the feed.
If the best results to be obtained are de—
sired, the cows must be well fed. The
original cow was not an ideal dairy ani-
mal. She has been made one by select-
ing andjeeding. If we neglect these two
things, how can we hope to improve the
herds.

Breeding from good milkers will pro-
dchgca‘lves which will give a larger milk
yield. greeding from animals whose par-
entage is unknown, and which are cross-
bred, must, at the best, be only guess
work—uncertain and unsatisfactory in its
results. We may possess cows which are
heavy milkers, yct their calves may not
posses the same desirable qualities. As
a rule, however, it will be found that good
milking cows produce equally good milk—
ing heifers, provided they have been
bred from a suitable bull. This is due to
the fact that deep milkers generally Come
from good milking families, and their
milk yielding is an inherited quality, and
not an accident.

Earnest attention should be paid to the
class of sire used in the dairy herd. If
possible, he should be pure—bred, and a
descendant from a deep milking strain.

This point is of very great importance,
but it is often entirely neglected. Many
pay but little attention to this matter

and use any kind of animal. It is a mis-
take, however, to suppose that every
pure—bred bull is a good dairy sire. Ev—
ery sire that heads the herd should be
there because he is known to be from the
best. strains available. The bull influ-
ences the milking qualities of all the
heifers in the herd; unless, therefore, the
breeding of the bull is good, little and
uncertain progress can he made in the
improvement of the milking capacities
of the heifers. Only if both parents are
descended from great milking strains can
it be expected that the progeny will be
good dairy cattle.

Many farmers act unwisely in disposing
of their aged bulls just at the time when
the owners are able to form an accurate
opinion of their value as sires. It is an
old and wise saying: ”Judge a bull by
the heifers he produces.” If the progeny
are up to expectations or beyond them,
why dispose of such a sire? The answer
is invariably that his heifers are coming
in, and he must be disposed of. It would
pay four-fold to keep this proved sire for
the old cows, and purchase and use a
young bull for the heifers. The best
plan when dairying is to purchase tried
sires, judging them through their heifers.

Illinois. W. H. UNDERWOOD.

 

 

Wisconsin dairy regions have marketed
the largest numbers of calves at Chicago
this spring ever known, and prices have
had an enormous decline. Veal was nev-
er before so plentiful. A small percentage
of the best calves are going to stock feed-
ing districts for fattening, but most of
the. calves are not desirable for feeding.

purposes. . i. _ .

THE MICHIGAN FARMER.

(9) 581

 

There could be no greater mistake on
the, part of the intelligent dairy farmer than to
put off the purchase of a. cream separator this
year because cream and butter prices are un—_
fortunately ltiwcr than thcy have been for
several years past.

Nor could there be any g’reater mistake
than to be tempted to buy an inferior separator
at a trifle less first cost on this account.

There may be money in dairying when
prices are high with a second or third grade
separator or even without any at all.

But when prices are low the use of a
DE LAVAL separator, with its greater saving
and more economical operation than any other,
usually marks the dividing line between profit
and loss in dairy farming.

There is still money in dairying with 3
DE LAVAL separator, but the chances are
that there is very little without one.

THE

165- 167 Broadway

Just arrange

yourself.

29_E. Mudlson Street

NEW YORK CHICAGO
173-177 William Street 14 & 16 l’rlncess Street,
MONTREAL WINNIPEG

 

 

Here’ 3 the-—-s.

ChurnYouWant

Because it churns quicker, better, easier,
cheaper than you ever thought possible.

Because it makes butter of an even high
grade that sells at. fancy prices.

Because it. requires almost no attention and
saves you time and labor. The

Perfection Jr. own—me .
Churnana Butter Worker ‘-

is the perfect churn for dairy_farmers. Built on the same principle as the big creamery churns—
i‘ust as efiiCient to_grind out big profits—but occupies little room and runs easily with an ordinary 11g.
orse power gasoline engine. The cream I: always covered, with no chance of contamination from
the outside and the thorough agitation of the cream gets all the butter, whether the churn is only
partly filled or loaded to capacity. Both churns and works in one o erntion, ideal for control of
moisture and salting. Butter stays all in one piece, easily removed. *very l’cxfcction Jr.owncr will
tell you that It mokos good under the most exacting conditions. Absolutely guaranteed satis-
factory if simple directions are followed. Quickly cleaned, absolutely sanitary, economical to use.
Made from best materials in four sizes: 30 gallon $60; 40 gallon $67.50; 50 gallon $75; 150 gallon $90.
FREE Ask for our free butter makers’ book containing inter-
esting information and lowest prices on dairy supplies.

J. G. CHERRY COMPANY, 30 Tenth St., Cedar Rapids, Ia.
Peoria, Ill. St. Paul, Minn.

    

r s .« r ~
PERFECTIUtt Ju-
imziiuti (mum to
bruins”. twill,

L"

M.

     

      
   
    
 
 

   

     
 
 

  

 

 
        
      
     
     
    

o

       
 

 

Every advance step in the, World’s history has at ill‘Sl. been
met With more, or less opposition and hostility. iut true
merit always wins and for this reason

The Imperishable Silo

soon Wins against all competition. it. makes friends and en-
thusiastic advocates wherever it. is introduced. Being built
of PATENTEI) HOLLOW BLUCKSUIHELAZIC lH‘l’l‘ltlFllCl)
CLAY, a material that lasts always, it wins immediate favor
over the decaying, shrinking, tottering, storm tossed siavc silo
and being lMl’lCl’tVltlt'S to MOISTI'IHC it kccps the silage
crfectly clear up to the wall and is therefore superior to any
mm of cement. ()ur silo is not. a cement silo. ’l‘hc l.\l-
I’ERISHABLE is strong, needs no paint- outside or coating
inside. Simply ideal. Ask for our free. booklet.

IMPERISHABLE SILO 00..

Huntington, Indiana.

    
  
 
 
 
 
 
   

 

SILO’FIIIING
.MACHINERY

     
 

15

AMERICAN

SEPARATOB:

SENT ON TRIAL. FULLY
GUARANTEED. new, Well
made: easy running separator for
$15.90. Shims hot or cold milk:
heavy 0T.ll§ht cream. Different
from this picture which illus-
trates our large capacity ma-
chines. The bowl is a sanitary
marvel, easily cleaned. Whether
dairy is let 6 or small. obtain our
handsome rec catalog. Address 1

AMERICAN SEPARATOR co. utensil...

for Roofs. Barns and Silos. 10 Gal-
Bo E. PAINT lon can 83.50; 26 Gallons $7.50: 48
Gallon Bbl. 812.“) Write for circular. THE

   
  

w There are more

Girl of ox perienco be-
hind Ron Machinery than any

other of a similar kind made—years of
honest effort. that has made it the but, of its kind in the

 

world. Fill Your Silo First—Pay Afterwards.
Rosa Silo Filling Machinery is so good that it will
prove Itself a good investment, withouttho aid of pro.
tesaionul salesiiien,nnd we want you to satisfy your-
self before paying one cont. Write for fro. catalog.

E. w. R055 (30.. Box 14 Springfield. Ohio

GALVE

 

RAISE THEM WITHOUT MILK.
BOOKLET FREE
J. E. IARTLETT. 60.. Jocklon. Mich.

 

 

 

 

WHEN writing to advertisers just say "Saw

DELAVAN co... zaa'ardner Ave., Grand Rapids, Mich, you, ”I. m the menu“ Farm”,-

LOW BUTTER PRICES
Make the Best Separator
of Still Greater Importance

Moreover, you don't have to pay cash
down for :1 DE LAVAL separator, if it may be
inconvenient to do so. You can buy one on such
liberal terms that it. will actually pay for itself
from its savings, even at present dairy prices.

With butter prices
never was greater need to buy :1. DE LAVAL
separator, nor stronger rcasmi not to buy an
infcrior separator or to get along without any.

You need not be

with

agent to sec and try a DE LA VAL machine for

Do this if you already have another
kind, and try any other kind at tho sanic time
if the maker or agent will let you do so.

If there is no De Laval agent near you
writc us direct for any information you desire,
and with the height of the dairy s ‘ason at. hand
by all means don’t delay prompt action.

DE LAVAL SEPARATOR

as they are there

in doubt about it.
the nearest DE LAVAL

COMPANY

Drumm .K' Sacramento Hts.

SAN FRANCISCO
1016 “Modern Avenue
SEATTLE

 

AMERICAN

Steel Fence Post

 

Cheaper Than Wood
and More Durable

Many y :ars of experiment—
ing with metal fence posts
have dcvclopcd this post.
It is now thoroughly practi-
ca,l,tilliiigcvcry rcquircmcnt
on the farm, in the town, for
railroads and wh crcvcr
i'ciicc posts are used.

Made of tough steel, heavily
zinc coatc d. Durability
proven by iis—tcn ycars’
actual use showing good as

new. Means a big reduc-
tion in fence cost. and
iiizuntcnance.

ill-page :atalog sent free, fully

illustrating a n d describing.
Solid for IL.
Sold by dealers everywhere.

Ask dealer to show samples and
quote priccs, or write us direct,

American Steel & Wire Co.

Chicago: New York:
115 Adams Street 30 Church Street
Denver: San Francisco:

Fmt Nat. Bank Bldg. 16!]: and Folsom Sb.

_—
Farm Fence and Gates

Send for prices with
manufacturers" dis-
counts on poultry
and farm hard wire
fence. Best of
vanizing. Grea
strength—long ser
Vice. Write today.
The Ward Fence
Box 37G,Deeatur,lnd.

 

  
 
 
  
 
 
 
   

 

   

  

- LIWII FEIGE

._ 16.6.3.6).
_ "m , ----- Many designs. Cheap as
‘j ”6:01.103?!“ ‘ Y ' Y: Y yvood. 32 pare Catalogue
. _., r. v'v.v . v - ‘ ‘ ‘ -‘ rec. Special Prices to
A . II¢Il¢iI¢II§I¢0¢0§| ‘Il'iiillzillilll Churches and Cemeteries.
Infill":WWI., jiiilltl'tlll‘ oiled Spring Fence 0o.
_ Ll_-~l .LJ...I 1.. u 7 BOX I wmchum. Ind.

     
           

AAA

   

 

 

 
  
 
 

Strongest, most durable fence
made. Heaviest, closest wires. Double

 

    
 
  

MMMl _ t
. ’n‘lt‘h‘l .:I
I t'h‘lt‘mlli'.

 
  
 
  

    
 

_ ’ , “"4953“ l
I. 'n‘AvrilI:'!H"n"n"n"n"n"n"n"n"1

FENCE For Lawns, Churches, Cemeteries, Pub~
Ilc Grounds. loo Patterns. Write for
special offer and our free handsome Pattern Book.
THE WARD FENOE 00.. Box ocs Decatur. Ind.

'4
s
'4
Q1
7
L
r
L

    

       

 


582 (m
The Michigan Farmer

ESTABLISHED 1843.

um LAWRENCE rumsunic co.,
EDITORS AND PROHImBS.

89 to ‘5 Congress Street West. Detroit, Iichlgan.
Tnmrrnoxr. Mam L525.
N“ You Omen—41 Park Row.
Omcaeo Oman—Cm First Nat’l. Bank Buildi .
Cuvnmn Gammon—10114015 Oregon Ave. N.
Gum) Rams Onion—5 56 New Hawkinflnildiu.

 

 

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M. L. LAWRENCE ................... ...Vice-President.
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Detroit, Mich.

 

 

 

 

 

DETROIT. MAY 27, 19".”

CURRENT COMMENT.

 

Of all the days set
Honorthe Memory of apart for national
,The Soldier Dead. observation none is
more ’ worthy of
general observance by all our people than
is Memorial Day. As the years pass in
peaceful succession, the ranks of the
heroic veterans who defended the coun-
try's honor and integrity in her hour of
great need are being rapidly thinned by
the grim reaper, who cut off the bright
careers of many of their comrundes in
the hour of their youth, either on the
fire-swept battlefield or in the lonely con-
fines of unsanitary and pestilence strick—
en prisons. It is vain to recount the
hardships and privations endured by
those who shouldered arms and gave the
best years of their lives to the preserva-
tion of the country which they loved;
vain bccziuse we could not adequately de-
scribe them, and vain as well because of
the fact that the average reader has nev-
cr encountered experiences which would
enable him to rightly and fully compre-
hend them. But notwithstanding the fact
that we cannot do them full justice in
this regard, each and everyone of us, if
he will but pause to think, will have a
sufficient comprehension of the sacrifice
which they made, of the privations and
suffering which they endured and of the
sorrow and grief which their service en-
tailed upon those Who were near and dear
to them and in very many cases depend-
ent upon them for the ordinary comforts
of life, to place us in a proper frame of
mind for the observation of Memorial
Day in a manner which will be both fit-
ting to the occasion and creditable to our
human instincts.

There is a growing tendency to make
May 30 a sort of gala day, with an ac-
companiment of athletic sports which
give Young America an opportunity to
work off some surplus energy. This ten-
dency is perhaps harmless in itself and
even beneficial in its influence. but it
should not be allowed to supplant or di-
vert the rightful observance of the day,
nor detract from its significant and prop-
er spirit. All should first join in the
more serious and solemn rites of the oc-
castion, while the children decorate the
graves of the departed heroes with gar-
lands of beautiful flowers. It is a small
service to render in honor of their sacred
memory, and participation in or observ-
ance of its accomplishment Shauld be a.
pleasure to every right thinking person.

THE MICHIGAN FARMER.

At the some time it will prove a. whole-
some infiuence in the lives “of both young
and old who have profited so greatly
through the sacrifices of those in the hon-
or of whose memory the day has been set
apart. So let us one and all oWerve the
day in a fitting manner, to the end that
due honor may be accorded to the mem-
ory of that great “Army of the Dead.”
who gave their lives or their best years
for their country, and that we may be
strengthened in the better and higher
purposes of our lives by the wholesome
reflections which will result from such an
observance of Memorial Day.
Following 1: h 6
Some Pro-Reciprocity hearing of repre-
Representations. sentative Mich‘gan
farmers b e f o r e
the Finance Committee of the U. S.
senate, as rcportcd in the last issue,
the leading advocates of the pact in
Michigan immediately got very busy. The
first orthese to be heard from was Gov.
Osborn, who made public the following
telegram to President Taft:

Hon. “'illiam Howard Taft, President of
the l'nited States, \Vashington, D. C.
"When will the vote on reciprocity

probably be taken in the senate? If I can

be of slightest service in favor of the
treaty I will go to \\'ashington. The al-
leged representatives of the farmers of

Michigan, who have been in Washington.

giving their views, do not reflect, in my

opinion, the dominant sentiment of Mich-
igan, and do not represent all of the
farmers, by any means. I am a full
member of the Michigan Grange, and
know something of the farmer sentiment.

The Michigan farmers are patriotic, and

hold national welfare above dollars, as

has been often proven. In this instance
there is no evidence that there are dol-
lars at stake. and the national welfare is
unquestionably involved.

“CHASE S. OSBORN.”

In response to President Taft’s reply
Gov. Osborn went to Washington and ap-
poured before the committee and, not-
withstanding lhe fact that the gerntlcmcn
to whom he referred in his telegram as
“the alleged representatives of the farm-
ers of Michigan" included officers of prac-
ticully cvcry farmers’ organization of the
Slilll}, us well as representative farmers
engaged in special as well as general
llllcs of production and prominent agri-
(‘ullurul educators, institute workers and
Writers who are in the closest possible
touch with the sentiment of the thinking
farmers of the state upon this question,
he is reported as having made the aston-
ishing statement that he believed 40 per
cent of the farmers of Michigan were in
quor of the pact, and that 60 per cent
of the farmers would favor it on a cam-
paign of education. Fortunately, how-
ever, he did not claim to represent the
farmers or any other interest, except
himself. Had he appeared as a repre-
sentative of the newspaper publishers
who have been making such a strenuous
fight for this pact, we would have willingly
conceded that he possessed the proper
credentials for an accredited representa-
tive of that interest, but inasmuch as he
appeared as a private citizen, and with-
out other than assumed authority to
speak for the farmers of Michigan, we
gladly leave it to our readers to decide
whether he interpreted their sentiment
aright on this vital question. In the
published reports of his arguments be-
fore the committee he is reported as hav-
ing claimed that Saskatchewan and the
Canadian Northwest cannot compete with
Michigan for the reason that very little
of their wheat grades No. 1, owing to the
prevalence of untimely frosts which in—
terfere with its proper ripening. In the
reported answers to cuestions interjected
by members of the committee, Gov. Os~
born is made to say that most of their
wheat product is No 4, and that that is
about all the Canadian farmers are able
to raise. Thereupon Senator McCumber
read from statistics showing that Sas-
katchewan was producing 90,000,000 bush-
els of wheat. 105,000,000 bushels of oats,
7,000,000 bushels of barley and nearly
5.000.000 bushels of flax, and asked if that
did not mean competition with the United
States, whereupon Gov. Osborn is report—
ed to have explained that he had had com
in mind, chiefly as the article on which
Canada could not compete.

In connection with Gov. Osborn’s state—
ment regarding the poor quality of Can-
adian wheat, the later testimony of Prof.
Boyle, of the University of North Dakota.
is interesting. Prof. Boyle said: “The
Canadian yield, as a whole, will run on
an average 1111 per cent No. 1 hard; 37%
per cent No. 1 Northern. These two are
the perfect grades; 50% per cent of their
wheat is numbers two and three, while
about 12 per cent is what might be called
No. i or unmerchantable.”

Possibly Gov. Osborn would be surprised
to learn that nowhere near all of the

Michigan wheat mp will grade No. 1.
We have just secured an estimate from
a competent "authority, long engaged in
the grain trade, that about 80 per cent
of our last crop would grade No. 1 white
and No. 2 red, which are our top grades.
He might be further surprised to learn
that the lower grades of northern wheat
bring a better price than our best qual-
ity. The Detroit market for No. 2 'red
wheat on Monday of this week was 91%.:
and for No. 1 white 90c. On the same
day No. 1 northern wheat was quoted at
99c per bushel in Minneapolis, while No.
2 northern was Mtge and No. 3 northern
921/“, the difference in price being due
to the fact that these grades, in which
all but 12 per cent of the Canadian pro-
duct are included, are hard wheat of bet-
ter milling quality than our best grades,
whic“ include only abOut 80 per cent of
our product.

The balance of Gov. Osborn’s argument
as reported was from what he termed
the world viewpoint, in which he dwelt
upon the advantage which would accrue
to our country from the operation or
this pact in case of war with a foreign
nation, with only occasional brief recur-
rence to the economic phase of the (ties-
tion which is of primary interest to our
readers.

A delegation representing the Detroit
Board of Commerce also appeared before
the committee last week, with President
McRae, of that body, acting as spokes-
man. To show how astonishingly erro-
neous were the premises upon which Mr.
McRae based his arguments that this
pact would not hurt the farmers of Mich-
igan or the ITnited States, we quote the
opening paragraphs of his address as
follows:

.“The farmer is opposed to reciprocity
With Canada because he believes the
agreement will reduce the price of his
product. From the tables compiled by
the bureau of trade relations of the state
department it appears that the United
States will remit duties to the amount of
$4,850,000 by the reciprocity agreement,
and Canada will remit duties to the
amount of $2,560,000. It is certain that
the farmers cannot be injured to any
greater extent than the amount of the
duties which will be abolished, i. e., $1,—
800,000 a year. This is obvious since the
tariff cannot affect home prices any more
than the tariff itself amounts to.

“Yet of this $4,850,000, more than $1,600,-
000 comes from duties on lumber. and
nearly $500,000 accrues from duties levied
on imports of fish. These two sums aggre-
gate $2,100,000. This leaves a. balance of
$2,750,000 which the farmers might allege
Would be taken out of their pockets.

“As a matter of fact, there must be
subtracted from this $2,750,000, the duties
leVIed on pulp, fertilizers, whiskies. to-
bacco, salt, railroad ties, wooden slaves,
cedar posts, mica and coke.

“The pitifully small amount left, when
compared to the great agricultural com-
munities of the United States, leads one
to ask, ‘Vl'hy all the opposition? ”

It is indeed astonishing that a. man in
Mr. McRae's official position or private
station should make the assertion that
no class of producers could suffer a great-
er loss from tariff reductions than the
amount of the duties remitted, when im-
portations under present tariff schedules
are restricted by duties which are all but
prohibitive under normal conditions. As
well say that American manufacturers of
stoves, which are an important Detroit
product, would lose no more from the
placing of stoves on the free list. than
the amount of the duty which would thus
be remitted, and we believe that Mr.
McRae would have a. hard time in con-
vincing Detroit stove manufacturers that
such would be the case. But why not the
same application? If Detroit people
should have cheaper food at the expense
of the farmers of Michigan, why not
cheaper stoves to cook it on at the ex-
pense of the producers in this line? But
we maintain that there is no occasion for
either, which the people cannot remedy
for themselves. Certainly no well in-
formed man will contend that farm prices
for agricultural products are now too
high, notwithstanding the fact that the
distributors and middlemen are making
the consumers pay practically the same
prices for these products as when farm
prices were at a. much higher level. Yet
it would appear that the people of De-
troit are especially favored in this con—
nection, since a foreign commission which
has been making extensive investigations
has recently reported that the cost of
living IS lower in Detroit than in any
other city of similar size to which its
investigations have extended.

HAPPEERAGS or THE WEEK.

 

National.

Secretary of State Knox has drafted
plans for an arbitration agreement be-
tween the United States and France, with
provisions similar to the scheme submit-

‘ ' MAY”.1$1L‘

ted to England providing for-peaceful
settlement of differences between the
ecuntries, even to questions involving m~
tlonai honor.

Miss Laura Robinson, a 12-year-old
girl, was declared to be the best speller
in Oklahoma after a contest lasting over
twelve hours and thirty minutes.

In an address before the Brotherhood
of Railroad Engineers at Harrisburs. Pa...
President Taft stated that it was con-
trary to public policy to permit the post
office employee to affiliate with the Am-
erican Federation of Labor. To allow
otherwise would invite revolution against
the government, since it would be ex-
pected that if thus affiliated the some
.means would be used to gain additional
wages and other privileges from the gov—
ernment that the federation now uses. ,

A provision allowing women suffrage
privileges was defeated in the Illinois
legislature after the measure had been
passed by the senate.

The deep waterways bill carrying an
appropriation of $20,000,000 was defeated
in the house of representatives at Spring—
field, Ill.. after a hot arrangement of each
Ether by Gov. Dineen and Speaker Ad-

lIlS. -

The decision dissolving the Standard
Oil Company has, from all appearances
in business circles, steadied financial con-
ditions. Everywhere comments by busi-
ness men appear to confirm public opinion
that the people’s interests are being pro-
tected in measure by the Sherman anti—
trust law.

A long list of corporations have failed
to make reports to the federal govern-
ment of their assets and liabilities so that
the government can get data for assess—
ing the federpl tax provided by the
Payne-Aldrich bill.
be imposed against those not complying
with the statute.

The “grandfather” clause amendment
to the state constitution of Oklahoma has
been declared u'iconstitutionul bv the
United States circuit court for that disi
trict upon the ground that it contravenes
the 16th amendment to the federal con~
stitution.

Unless congress declares to the con-
trary, the hulk of the battleship Maine
which is being raised from the Havana
harbor will be towed out to sea. and sunk.

The pumping of the water from the CO".

ferdam erected about the sunken ship
will be resumed soon.

In a. contest between 21 battleships
against attacks by torpedo boats the bat-
tleship Michigan was awarded first hon-
ors, her gunners destroying, theoretically,
all torpedo boats that approached her.
The South Dakota took second prize.

The committee on pensions of the house
of representatives will report favorably
on the dollar—a—day pension plan for aged
soldiers. The scheme is along entirely
new lines and involves a cost of approxi-
mately $38,000,000.

Three independent resolutions airshow
before the house of representatives ask-
ing President .Taft to give political» free-
dom to the Filipinos.

Six negroes were mobbed at Lake City,
Florida. They were being held to stdnd
trial for the murder of a prominent cit-
izen.

Henry L. Stimson, candidate for gov-
ernor of New York in the last campaign.
has been appointed by President Taft as
Secretary of “Tar. He begins his new
duties this week.

Foreign.

In a preliminary test the balloon Peg—
nltz, of Germany, qualified for the Gordon
Bennett trophy contest to be held at
Kansas City this year.

Chauffeurs of Paris have gone on a
strike because the authOritles increased
duties upon benzol.

Ten thousand textile workers have been
thrown out of employment in Munster,
Prussia. ‘

Canada has provided for the building oi
ten warships. The fighters are to
built by Canadian firms and of Canadian
material.

The new dirigible balloon of Count
Zeppelin, of Germany, was wrecked when
forced against her housings while remov-
ing it for a trip. The air craft had been
in commission for six weeks.

The substitute bill offered by the house
of lords of the British parliament, which
provides for the reorganization of the
upper body but with less violent changes
than those demanded by the house 01
commons, has passed the second reading.
of that body.

An aeroplane, in plunging to the ground
at the beginning of a race from Paris to
Madrid, resulted in the death of Henri
Maurice Berteaux, minister of war, and
the injury of Antoine Emmanuel Ernest
Monis, premier and minister of the in-
terior, his son, and Henri Deutsch de la
Mourthe, patron of aeronautics.

:A. peace agreement has been signed by
the parties to the revolution in Mexico
and the general trend of reports shows
that the Diaz administration is at an end,
and that the provisional government.
with Medero at the head, will take up
the duties of administration during the
present week. All over the northern
states where the news of the signing of
the agreement has spread peace reigns.
On the 13th to 15th a. stubborn battle was
fought at Torreon where it is reported
that 100 soldiers were killed and 300
wounded. After the battle and before the
rebel army entered. a mob formed and
began murdering Chinese residents. of
which the place has many.
afterward restored. In other towns of
the troubled nation the Chinese have suf-
fered from the lack of police power to

'stay the mobs.

 

Results Satisfactory.

J. Gordon Drake. of Port Huron. Mich.
who has been advertising in the Michigan
Farmer. writes: “Results from your pa.-
per are very satisfactory.”

Heavy fines are td'

Order was .

 

 


TQM

MAI 1‘1. 1911.

MORE ABOUT THE cams-rock CEN-
TMLIZED scHooL.

 

BY PROF. A. x. NU'r'rlm.

A number of weeks ago, your valuable
paper asked me to write a statement of
the results of consolidation of schools as
gleaned from our experiences at Com—
stock. I prepared a short article as hon-
estly and fairly as possible, setting forth
what were, to me, the most important
features. Some time after, my attention
was called to an article written by a
Mrs. Brownell, of Lapeer county, an-
swering. the article, making statements
and charges which I am again confronted
with, and have a desire to say some-
thing about, not entirely for the sake of
answering the woman’s arguments but
that the people of the grand old state
may have an opportunity to know more
about a system which has come among
us to stay. After some delay in getting
material with which I desired to acquaint
your readers, I am glad to submit some
of the opinions and experiences of men of
national reputation.

There is not one word of the former
article which I wish to retract or which I
do not consider‘correct. However, I do
not wish it understood that I prefer con-
solidation of schools to all other systems.
Any system which offers the best advan-
tage to the country children will have my
support, but until some sort of township
unit or some unit equally as good is
adopted for universal use I shall support
consolidation.

Wherever I have observed the various
forms of consolidation there has been a
decided change in the culture and pro-
gress of the country affected. The talk-
ing against and voting down propositions
for advanced culture and civilization be~
longs to the class who have for one rea-
son or another lost their interest and
faith in and love for humanity. We want
a system of education which emphasizes
character. Character must be. a founda-
tion of the whole cultural structure or it
amounts to naught. Character cannot be
built except where we have a teaching
force large enough and with the disposi—
tion to supervise the hours of play and
the tramps to and from the school. I
care not what Mrs. Brownell says, in
such a facetious manner, about her sor-
row that I was such a bad little boy.
Mr. Editor, I want, to say that I am glad
that, with the arrival of maturer years
,I have not degenerated to that extent
that I overlook the dangers and mis-con-
ducts of childhood or place dollars ahead
of decency. I know a man who always
turned his colts out in the back lot where
their shelter and food for the long severe
winter was a large straw stack. He al-
ways said that it made them tough if not
thrifty. So this woman, I conclude, would
expose our pure, tender lives to the vi-
cious and degraded, to keep them pure
and wholesome. I suppose I was no bet-
ter than the average boy. I think I was
as good. ‘I know I was better than some
boys and I also know equally as well
that I did not profit any more than the
rest by some of the things that happened
along the road home from school. If all
were of the same opinion as the woman
from Lapeer county, our teachers would
not be expected to converse or correct
the morals of the children under our
charge. Men and women with character
should be the product of our schools and
I want to resent the insult to decency of
our advanced civilization. In short, Mrs.
Brownell’s whole article is an argument
for a cheaper man and a cheaper woman
and a meaner civilization. It is an argu—
ment for a system which has driven much
of the best blood from the farm to be—
come consumers instead of producers. the
very system which inaugurates a period
of decay on the farm.

It certainly takes a great deal of pre-
sumption for one to assail as great a
personality as Prof. Burnham. He has
spent a lifetime studying and investigat—
ing the rural school question, and is con-
sidered as authority on all such ques-
tions, not alone at home where he is
much loved, but Prof. Ernest Burnham is
a national figure and his figures and con-
clusions are taken for granted. It needs
no comment to have the public know
that the tabulation which he was kind
enough to allow us to use is absolutely
correct.

I know the work is correct and the at-
tempted distortion does not in the least
alter the correctness, neither as to facts
or in the minds of the public.

It is a most singular and unfortimate
thing that all people are not willing to
give a person the credit of being honest
when there seems to them to be a. differ-
ence of opinion.

’ THE MICHIGAN FARMER.

Again, Mrs. Brownell has expressed
more criticism in speaking of the cost
per capita question, and reaches a sort
of climax when she accuses me of acting
in conjunction with, and as a servant of,
the big schools to that extent that I have
falsified statements. I am astounded at
the woman‘s lack of information. She
says I reported our tax levy too low by
$5,000. This $5,000 was an amount au-
thorized by the district meeting to be
borrowed to pay for the new building
and which was actually borrowed on the
district's notes and reported to the Super-
intendent of Public Instruction as mon-

ey paid out. Each year a good portion of
this amount, together with six per cent
interest, has been the fruitful cause of

comment on high taxes. Also, where
does the woman think our share of the
primary school money has gone? Does
she presume that we did not get any?
She puts our rate of school tax as $19.70
on the $1,000 valuation, which is ridicu—
lously false. The entire state, county,
township, highway and school tax that
year (1908) was only $15.87 on $1,000 val-
uation, the school tax for maintenance
and indebtedness being only $6.93 on
$1,000 valuation. People who held the tax
receipts know the truth of the matter and
for them this gross ignorance of the mat-
ter amounts to nothing, but the iniquity
of the matter is, that people who do not
know may be misled by such statements.

Mr. Editor, all these statements count
for nothing were they true. Your own
sane comments on the subject are the
only ones that are rational enough to ex-
press. I have no patience with the fessil
idea of trying to cheapen the character
of a human being just to save taxes. To
the average citizen of today It is a farce.

The “Little Red Schoolhouse” has been
a Godsend to the people of its day. It
has served its purpose and served it
well and its career is by no means ended.
We need them, and perhaps always shall,
but a high school in the reach of every
boy and girl is the watchword of the
present and must be of the future. A
better education for every citizen is a
requirement of our civilization and it
takes money to pay for it. i might say
in this connection that the tax rate in
the Comstock District. this year is $14.06
on the $1,000 valuation. This, however,
pays for the running expenses, 8. part of
the district’s indebtedness, water works,
an extra room, electric lights and an ad-
dition to the school property.

Editor‘s Note—The publication of the
above has been delayed for several weeks
for lack of space. Prof. Nutten also
submitted additional proof of the success
of consolidated schools, which will be
published in a future issue.

DELIGHTFUL AND RESTFUL VACA~
TION TRIPS.

More farmers are each year appreciat-
the absolute necessity for and bene—
fit of an occasional brief vacation
from the busy cares of the farm. Gen—
erally these little vacation periods are
spent in taking inexpensive trips which
every member of the family can enjoy,
and wisely so, for the change of scene and
environment will prove beneficial in many
ways. and the more radical the change
the more beneficial will be the results.
Michigan is fortunately situated to afford
a variety of such trips at small cost.
There is nothing more delightful in the
summer season than to take a. lake trip.
This is also an inexpensive way of giving
the entire family an outing, and the op-
portunities offered are such as to suit the
time and means of all. For those who
can take a week’s vacation to go up the
lakes to Mackinac Island, the Detroit &
Cleveland Navigation Company's boats
will afford every comfort and accommo-
dation at small cost. For those who must
limit their expenditure of time to a week-
end trip, the I_). & C. boats to Cleveland
and Buffalo will afford even more luxur-
ious accommodations at an equally rea—
sonable cost. This company’s schedule
offers both day and night trips to the
points named. Nothing could be more
restful and enjoyable to the farmer and
his family than one of these trips, which
will bring the reader to Detroit and then
out on one of these delightful and ex-
hiliarating water trips. For full infor—
mation regarding these waterway trips
address L. G. Lewis, G. P. A. D. & C.
Navigation Company, Detroit, Mich. You
will get in return full directions and
prices for any such trip you may desire
to take.

 

CROP AND MARKET NOTES.

Genesee Co., May 20,—Fine showers
today relieved the oppressive heat of the
early part of the week. Vegetation mak-
ing marvelous growth. Farmers busy

getting in sugar beets and giving the

final fitting to corn ground. Not much
corn planted as yet. Bulk of acreage will
be put in the coming week. All condi-

indicate bumper crops
for this county. Beans and beets divide
the honors in favor as a cash crop. Po-
tatoes continue in favor with those who
do not shift from one thing to another
but hold this crop in the regular rota-
tion. Low prices of one year are usually
indicative of better results the following
season and experienced growers are not
looking for a repetition of recent experi—
ences in that direction.

Ottawa Co., May 18.——The heavy rains
just after cats were sown washed and
packed the soil so badly that many oats
rotted, and those that did come up are
not doing well, so the prospect for a crop
at the present time does not look very
flattering. Some have harrowed a—nd
sown their oats over during the past
week, but it is so late in the season that
they probably will not amount to much.
A few weeks ago the prospect for a good
apple crop looked very favorable, but
now nearly all late varieties, such as the
Spy, etc., are not blooming at all. Early
varieties are blooming quite well. Late
heavy rains have delayed plowing for
corn, so this crop will not be planted Very
early in this section. Wheat and grass
are growing rapidly, and pastures are
getting good.

Nashtenaw Co., May 17.——The weather
at this date is extremely hot and dry and
most unfavorable for sod plowing and
working down the ground for corn. it is
also having a very unfavorable effect on
clover and wheat and if it continues much
longer will cause extensive damage; but
a farmer must, in the nature of the case.
become a good deal of a philosopher 01'
quit the business, so if the season is un—
favorable there will be less bushels and
a better price. Prices have reached the
old time level, especially so in butter,
pork and dressed calves. lslvcn our city
friends should now be happy.

Lapeer Co., May 19.~\\'eather is very
warm. Wheat and meadows looking fine.
Oats are coming on well, although rain is
needed badly. We. have had only a few
very light showers for some time. Clay
ground getting too hard to plow. Farm-
ers all hurrying corn ground. A few are
planting, but the majority are plowing
and fitting yet. Potatoes have gone down
and dealers are offering 25c, but none
seem to be moving; wheat, 83c; beans,
$1.70; butter—fat, 21c. There will be about
the usual acreage of beans and potatoes
planted this spring.

Mecosta Co., May 11.——With cold
weather up to A pril 24 the fruit was held
back until late and warm weather since,
with the exccplion of two or three days,
so that we will no doubt have a good
fruit crop. Indications point toward a
good season this year. Oats look good,
also wheat and rye. Some corn is plant-

tions at present

ed. Hay looks fairly good. The pasture
is good. Butter, eggs, and cream quite
low in price, Mo. to 16c and 15c to 20c
respectively. No horses for sale now.
Cattle, hogs and sheep are lower than
usual in price.

Emmet Co., May l.~-VVeather for the
month of April cool with sufficient pre-
cipitation to maintain good conditions in
soil moisture. May was ushered in by a
snow storm, with a freezing temperature.
Fruit buds have scarcely begun to swell
so it is not probable that there will. be
any damage to fruit. There appears to
be an increased interest in spraying, a
considerable amount of the commercial
article of lime and sulphur solution being
used. Farm work is progressing nicely.

hi0.

Wayne Co., May liw’l‘hc wcuther has
been very wr-t and cold nearly the whole
month of April. Most of lin- oats were
sowed in May. Better weather for the
last two weeks: corn ground being fitted
for planting and planting is now in pro—
gress. Wheat looking good and good
prospects for hay. On account of cool
weather pastures were very backward
and farmers have just turned stock to
pasture. \l'heal, 87c; oats, 33c; corn, 500;
butter, 180; eggs. 14c.

Carroll Co., May 10.—’l‘he weather has
been warm for the past two weeks and
we had a few \‘.'tl.llll showers lately. Near-
ly all the barley is sowml. Farmers are
very busy and some corn is planted.
Early potatoes are planted. Most of the
fields for buckwheat are not plowed yet.
\‘Vheat looks pretty good, also ryc. Grass
growing nicely. Sheep went out on grass
in good order.

Indiana.

”Clinton 00., May 19.——~'l'lll‘.~l week finishes
our corn planting here, one of the busiest
times of the year. Although we have
_had no rains to delay us in fitting the
ground it was so dry it took a good deal
of work to get the hard clay lumps pul—
verized. Now it is feared there is not
enough moisture in the ground to germi~
nate our last plantings. Oat crop is suf-
fering badly from the drought, having
had only one shower since sown. Unless
rain comes soon. clover seeding will also
be seriously hurt. Vl'heat started well in
April, but this month has checked the
growth, and we look for an early harvest
and light crop. Frosts of May 3 and 6
did not hurt fruit in this locality, and we
look for a good crop of all kinds of tree
fruit. Drought is shortening our straw-
berry crop. Early potatoes and gardens
are also suffering. Michigan potatoes are
selling here out of store for $1 per bu.
Butter, 25c; eggs, 14c.

Lapcrte Co., May 20.—Fine growing
weather the past two weeks. Fruit buds
and blossoms came out with a rush and
no frost to injure them. Strawberries in
market (home grown) but the early blos-
soms were killed. A fair crop is expected
if it rains soon. very dry now; no rain
for 18 days. Pasture is getting short.
Stock is doing well and plenty of butter
on the market at 20@22c. Some corn
planted this week, but cannot grow until
it rains. Wheat and rye generally good.

(11)

583

One fiCook '

May make a. cake “fit for
the Quccn,” while another
only succeeds in making a
Hpretty good cake” from the
same materials.

 

 

It’s a matter of skill!

People appreciate, who have
once tasted

Post
Toasties

A delicious food made of
White Com — ilakcd a n d
toasted to a delicate, crisp

brown — to the “Q 11 e e n ’ s
taste.”

Post Toastics are served
direct from the package with
and sugar if

cream or milk,

desired——

A break fast favo ritc !

“The Memory Lingers”
Postum Cereal lolnpany, Limited,
Battle Creek, Mich. U. S. A'.

 

P

 

 

Here the Car

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

  
 

Rambler Thirty-four
Original Price $2250
Special Price Upon Request

SPECIAL OFFER
FOR THIS WEEK

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This car may be just what you need and a.
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. d S 'alPri
Uscsmwme pecti. coonModeanlaothe

   
   
 
 

  

 
 

Newton..."

  
 

Ion-IIalotto-IIIIIOOOOOIDIQOIOQQOOOQIII

Address ....

 

 
 
 
   
 

 

    

~ Stlcllllllilllllils

lQlROLLEH rill—mow --‘m=c arcs: 2.x: L‘MZLL’R
. BAI LELYA a. NICHOLS:

VAN, ILLINOIS

 
   

 

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are writiag to advertisers.

 

 


584 $13))

VYVYTYVYVVYYYVYYYVYVYTY

‘HORTICULTUREE

MAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAMAALA

 

 

 

 

RAISE SOME P03 CORN.

The pop corn crop is usually thought of
as belonging to the boys and girls upon
the farm, which it generally does, as the
tending and harvesting of it are nearly
always left to them, and if there is any
surplus corn to sell they usually receive
the money. But pop corn can be made
profitable as a field crop for stock feed
and will also prove profitable when raised
in large quantities for market. The yield
will compare favorably with common
field corn, as it bears two or three ears
per stalk and develops a good crop of
grain when properly planted and given
good culture. There is always a market
for this cereal at good prices, especially
during the holiday and winter season.
Most storekeepers handle some pop corn
and no town is so small as not to have
one or more pop corn stands, while in the
large cities thousands of pounds of this
popular cereal are used every day in the
year.

Therefore, raise some pop corn. At
least, have a patch large enough to sup-
ply all that will be wanted for home use.
A small plot of ground will produce sev-
eral bushels of this cereal and during the
long evenings next winter the children
can spend many pleasant hours while
employed in popping and eating the corn.
If there is more than can be used they
can easily convert the surplus corn into
spending money.

There are a number of good varieties,
there being white, yellow. red and black
varieties of pop corn. but I would recom—
mend the white ricc or Squirrel tooth
varieties. Both are good producers and
there is always a demand in the market
for them.

A fertile patch, one that has been well
fertilized with fine manure, should be se-
lected for the pop corn. l‘op corn should
be planted early in the season in order
that it may have a. long growing season
and plenty of time in which to mature.
if it is planted late much of the crop may
not mature, and unless it does this it is
worth but little for popping purposes.

if the corn is planted in hills care must
be taken not to place too many of the
little grains in one hill. Not more than
four grains should be planted in each hill
and the hills should be three feet apart.
As with field corn, good seed should be
selected.

When the corn is ready to harvest in
the fall husk the ears clean and place
them upon racks in the barn or in the
left over the kitchen where they will cure
out evenly. A place free from moisture
is required and be sure that the rats and
mice cannot get to them. .\s it will take
the corn a long time to properly cure. a
supply sufficient for home use during the
holidays 'an be placed in a sack and hung
behind the kitchen stove where it will
cure much more quickly.

The corn ought to be well cured before
any of it is offered for sale if it is de~
sired to obtain the best prices. For that
raised this fall the best prices cannot be
obtained until next fall, when the kernels
will pop briskly and brittle. To get the
best market the corn must be shelled.

The fodder from pop corn is fine for
feeding the. calves and colts. The calves
will also eat the small ears of corn read-
ily when they will refuse to eat the larger
varieties of corn.

How many boys know the
reason why pop corn pops and other corn
does not? The explanation is found in
the fact that the oil contained in the ker-
is volatilized, or turned to gas, by
heat. Field corn does not pop because
the outer portion. of the kernel is more
porous, permitting the escape of the oil
as it volatilizes, while in the case of pop
corn a. great pressure is developed in the,
kernel by the confined oil, and the kcrnel
exploded and turned wrong

W. F. PURDUE.

scientific

nel

is suddenly
side out.

._ ww.—__. _

MUSH ROOM CULTURE.

 

\Tould you please give information on

how to grow mushrooms?

Kent (lo. lVIrs. D. C. L.

From September to March is the active
season for the mushroom grower. The
crop can be grown either out doors (:1 in
doors, and the conditions required are
that there be a dry bottom on which to
set the beds, a constant, uniform and
moderate temperature. and a situation
protected from draughts. winds, direct
sunshine and from drip overhead. it is

not necessary to have total darkness, just
so the rays of sun are kept from the bed

the plants will thrive, but as other con-
ditions are usually more easily attained
in dark places, such a location is advised
Barns, cellars, pits, greenhouses, caves,
old closed tunnels, sheds, and regular
mushroom houses have been used for
the purpose.

Fresh horse manure is the universal
medium for filling the beds. Some use
strawy horse manure but a majority of
growers‘prcfer to have short manure, i.
e., manure with little or no strawy mate-
rial. Secure a good supply and pile into
a heap. \\'hen it begins to heat turn it
over and pile again. Repeat the process
several times, watching that the heat
does not become so intense that the ma—
terial burns. Many mix loam when the
manure is turned the second or third time
to prevent its heating too much. This
material is finally put into the bed by
first placing in the bottom a layer and
then packing it firmly, after which an-
other layer is placed and again packed,
the process being repeated until the bed
is about eight or ten inches deep. A mat,
some straw or hay is then put over the

bed. “'hen the temperature goes down
below 100 degrees F., spawning can be
done. Remove the mat, or straw and

start some six or eight inches from the
edge of the bed, making a hole in the
manure about two or three inches deep;
in this hole drop a piece of the brick
spawn, which can be obtained of any
large seed house. The brick should be
broken in perhaps a dozen or more pieces.
Pack the manure firmly over the spawn,
continue to plant, keeping the plants from
six to eight inches away from the edge
of the bed and about a foot apart from
each other. leplace the mat or straw
after the spawn is in and leave for
about eight days, when it should be re—
moved and a couple of inches of loam
added through which the mushrooms will
grow. l‘ack this soil firmly and if it
should become dry, sprinkle a little wat-
er over the surface. To aid in keeping
the atmosphere damp the walks about
the bed and walls of the cellar or build-
ing can be sprinkled. It is usually not
necessary to water the bed sufficient so
that the soil will become moist if the
proper conditions are had, but should it
be found that the soil and material in
which the plants are growing are becom-
ing dried out, then watering should be
done. Mushroom growing has not been
reduced to a science and there are many
who are disappointed in the outcome of
their venture, but the number of success-
ful growers are increasing and many of
these are novices who are attracted by
the unusual conditions to be met in grow-
ing the crop or who are fond of the pro-
duct after grown. Our large cities fur—
nish a good market for all that is grown
and much more would be consumed if it
available.

SUGGESTIONS ON WATERING THE

LAWNS.

\Vatering the lawn may appear to the
novice to be an operation demanding no
skill or intelligence, and yet we find that
much of the watering done on country,
as well as on city and village lawns, not
only serves no good but often actually
damages the grass. The methods prac—
ticed are wrong for accomplishing the
good sought. The usual manner is to
spray the water over the grass two or
three times each week or perhaps once
a day, nicely wetting the blades but not
providing enough moisture to get it down
to the roots. The result is that no water
gets to where it can aid the plants to
gather and transmit plant food through
the roots but simply wcts the immediate
surface of the ground to stimulate capil—
lary attraction of moisture already stored,
thus ridding the soil of water that would
aid the plants if nothing had been done.
ln most instances the practice is more
detrimental than beneficial, and the cause
is that too little water is applied at a.
time. It would accomplish benefit if the
water used at the several times during the
week were run on once a week or ten
days, i. e., the lawn should be drenched,
allowing the water to saturate the soil
thoroughly down to the roots. Then the
plants can drink before the moisture has
opportunity to evaporate.

Another matter besides watering less
frequently and more thoroughly when it
is done, is to put the water on in the
evening. This is the usual practice, but
we find often that it is done in the morn-
ing. Morning watering is detrimental to
the grass on account of the effect of the
sun’s rays on the blades and the immedi—
ate evaporation of the water. Of course,
on a cloudy day the damage would be
minimized but the watering is seldom
done on such a. day. Owners are impor-

‘V 11 S

THE MICHIGAN FARMER.

 

tuned to do the watering when the Sun
is hot and the soil parched. It should on
such days and at such times be done in
the evening. ' ’

The same principles hold for the wat-.
ering of the plants in the garden and of
the flowers and shrubs about the house.
\Vater them less frequently, but be sure
when it is done that the water thoroughly
saturates the soil.

BRUSSELS SPROUTS IN AMERICA.

Are brussels sprouts a vegetable? If
so, please tell me how to raise and pre-

pare it.

Kent Co. Mrs. C. L. F.

This garden plant of the cabbage family
has a central stem around which grow
numerous little heads about the size of
a walnut but otherwise not unlike a cab-
bage head. In European countries the
crop is popular, but it has never attained
to general acceptance by real Americans,
for the probable reason that they are not
acquainted with the choice quality of the
“buttons," as they are called. The plant
is quite as easily grown as cabbage. Sow
seed in April or May in boxes, or a seed
bed to develop plants which are set in
permanent places in July. If the larger
varieties are used plant about two by
three feet, while with the dwarf varieties
two feet each way is sufficient. Give about
the same cultivation as is given the cab-
bage patch and allow the plants to grow
until severe freezing. The early frosts add
to the quality of the sprouts. '\\'hen
gathering, the sprouts should not be brok-
en off but should be cut with a sharp knife,
leaving as much of the spur from which
the sprouts grew, as possible, to give a
chance for successive buds to develop.
The variety most commonly grown in this
country is the Dwarf Brussels Sprouts.
It is certain that a start with this plant
will encourage its general introduction in
American gardens, which will add to our
too small variety of garden crops, a point‘
wherein the gardens on this side of the
Atlantic are lacking when compared with
the gardens abroad.

STRAWBERRIES.

.

 

 

There is nothing that comes from our
garden that we prize as highly as our
strawberries. Being the earliest of all
berries they come at a time when the
palate is in just the right condition to
enjoy them. There are several modes of
growing them, each mode having its ad-
vocates. They will grow well on almost
any soil that will grow corn or potatoes.

Our soil is a gravel loam underlaid
with a gravel subsoil but holds moisture
well if kept well cultivated. \\'e have
had the best luck with plants set in
spring, April or May. \Ve see no ad—
vantage in fall—set plants as, thus set,
they require not only the fall cultivation,
but also the entire season following, as
fall-set plants should not be allowed to
bear the next season, whereas, if set in
the spring and the blossoms kept cut off,
they will do their best the summer fol-
lowing. In our section we find the
Brandywine as good as any. They are
medium early, are of good size, solid, and
of good flavor. Our plan has been to
grow them in matted rows, though last
season we started a bed in hills and they
looked well in the fall, some of the
plants measuring 18 inches across and
should give a good crop the coming June.
Last spring, on account of a warm March
they blossomed unusually early and some
of the early bloom were caught by frost,
but we had a line crop of large berries.
They sold here as low as six cents per

 

 

quart, but we had a good demand for
them and sold none for less than ten
cents per quart. This year we are try-

ing to hold them back, to avoid the frost,
when in bloom. They are under a good
coat of oat straw, put on during the win—
ter when the ground vas deeply frozen.
New York. JENNIE A. MACK.

Red raspberries came through the win-
ter in excellent shape, there being less
winter—killing than usual, and there
should be a. good crop. Blackberries also
stood the winter well. “’0 are getting
these patches pretty well cleaned up and
cultivated. Strawberries are looking as
well as can be expected considering the
spring. The. newly set plants, however,
make little growth, and have about all
they can do to hold their own as there
has been but a light shower for over
two weeks. The newly set orchard of
apple. peach and cherry trees may have
a hard time if the drought continues. The
trees were late in arriving, and we were
late in getting at them, but if we get rain
soon I think they will be all right.

 

   
    

 

- Calhoun Co. S. B. HARTMAN.

 

MAY 27, 1911

To Farmers and Fruit Growers

The Hinge-Ogrner Collapsible Box or Crate
in the form 0 .a market box or otherwise as
desired: with loose bottom and no cover, or with
self-fastening top and bottom. ,

 

 

can be stored like
and can be carted

crates
in use ’
home from the market or to the field for packing
produce in the same knocked-down aha elan

In a

'lhese boxes or.
shocks when not.

can be set up for packing on the groun
moment. without; either nail or hammer.
The strength, safety and convenience of these

boxes or crates is without; question. Many are
now being used in the South for peach and
vegetable crates, and this use is constantly
increasing.

Small trial orders will be gladly furnished.
W'rite for literature and particulars to

THE CLEVELAND BOX 00.

 

723 Stone’s Levee. Cleveland, Ohio.

 

 

 

Why Rent a Farm

and be compelled to pay to your landlord most of
your hard-earned profits? Own your own
farm. Secure a. Free omestead in
Manitoba, Saskatchewan or Al-
berta. or urchnse land in one
of these istncts and bank a
profit of $10.00 or $12.00
an acre every year.
Land opurchaeed three years
.00 an acre has recently
0 anged hands at . an acre.
The crops grown on these lands
warrant the advance. You can

Become Rich

: by cattle raising, dairying, mixed farm-
- ing and grain growin in the prov-
' : lnces of Manitoba, askatchewan
”H and Alberta in Western Canada.

Free homestead and pro-emotion
areas. as well as land held by railway
and land com nnies, wrll provide
homes for mil ions.
.7 Adaptable so'iiJIealthful climate
‘7! splendid schools and churches an
good railwa s.

For settlers rates. descriptive litera-
, turo “Last Best West." how to reach
1 the oountr and other particulars, write

to Sup't o Immigrat. on Ottawa. Can-

ada. or to the Canadian v't Agent.

M. V. McInnes
176 Jefferson Ave" Detroit Mich.
C. A. Laurier. Marquette. ch.

  
  
    
  
  
  
   
 

 

 

1.“).
[68 All THE POTATOE

without cutting them—just enough adjustment to meet
ywr conditions without. carrying too much Boil. Saves
enough more potatoes. even in small acreage to pay for
machine in short time. Perfect separation. .43 no ight
draft as any digger can be. No neck weight. Two styles
made Prices $75.00 to $105.00. No. 150i. the lighter ’
machine, built on strong but very simple liner—II great .
favorite with growers. Separate bearings. easily removed
and cheaply replaced. Operates entirely from the seat.

A6? P0 TA TO

DIGGERS‘

on not ex erimenta— ears of actual usein all sorts of
conditions ave prove their worth. Write to-dny for
Anniversary Catalog—complete line ofpotnto machiu~
ery, garden wheel hoes and drills. orchard iuols.etc.
BATEMAN M'F‘G 00 ’

 

   
  
 
  

 

 

SPRAY FRUITS AND

FIELD CROPS
Ind do whluwuhlng in moot efl'echnl, economical,
npld w-y. Bstiafmtlon gnu-maul. BROWN’S

HAND OR

pow... Auto-Sprays ,
No.1, Ihown here, it fitted with Auto-Pop Nonlo— ’.
doe! work of 3 urdlnlry apnyora. Endorsed by El-
periment Stations and 300,000 otbon. 40 styles and
also: of hand and power upnyarn—nlao rice:
QM valuable Ipnying guide in our Free ok.
Write postal now.

THE E. c. BROWN COMPANY
32 Joy BL, Bochutu, N. Y.

    
  
   
 
 
 
 
 

 

ALFALFA

All northern grown. guaranteed to be 99 per cent.
pure and free from dodder. Write for free sample
on which we invite you to get. Government tests. This
seed should produce, hay at $60 per acre annually.
Free Instructions on growrng.

GRAIN All) GRASS SEED

Northern grown and of strongest vitality. We
handle'export‘. grader-r only and can furnish grass mix-
ture suitable for any sells. Write for catalog.

WING SEED 00., Box 242, Mcchanicsbnrg, 0.

"IE GLIPPER

There are three things
that destroy your lawns.
Dandelions. Buck Plan~
tam and (Tab Grass. III
one season the Clipper
will drive them all out.

es CLIPPER LAWN MOWER co.
~- DIXON. ILLINOIS.

D O
The Berhn Quart Our SpecIalty
' A WHITE package which insures
highest prices for your fruit.
Write for 1010 catalog showing
our conplete lineand secure your
BASKETS. CRATE-q. ETC.. at

WINTER DlSCOUNTS
Th0; BERLIN Faun BOX en.
lorlln Holghts, Ohlo.
' t ‘d. 600. 100. B1.
illustrates, teem
. . am ' -.
exp. $250 1000. Baosmg'afidnsvnfi’i‘ns, Tlfiin, 0. y

Please mention the Michigan Farmer when
you are writing to advertisers.

 

 

   

 

  

\

  


 

   

I MAY 27, 1911.

.GRANGE:

Our Motto—”rho Farmer is of more
consequence than the farm, and should be
first improved."

THE June PROGRAMS.

   

 

 

State Lecturer": Suggestions for First
Meeting.
“All green and fair the summer lies,
Just budded from the bud of spring,
With tender blue of wistful skies,
And winds which softly sing."

Recitation.

.A good garden lowers high cost of
living.

Discoveries. given by five women.

Reading, “The Unnamed Saints."

Preparations for hot weather.——1. On
the-farm. 2. In the house. 3. In the
dooryard.

Music to Intersperse in this program,
in charge of lecturer.
Suggestions for Second Meeting.
' "A merry heart, a merry laugh,
A face with lots of sun in it,
A merry tongue with merry chaff,
And quip with lots of fun in it."

Smile provokers.
Notes of progress—1.
In farm crops and animals.
and public matters.
f‘Jes' Plain Torpedoes," by

In inventions. 2.
3. In laws

Recitation,
a boy. ’

Labor—savers for making women s work
easier. Discussion, led by Womans
Work Committee.

Report of “The One Improvement
Club.”

Music to intersperse in this program,
in charge of Pomona.

 

EDUCATING FARM BOYS THROUGH
OBSERVATION.

 

A new and unusual means of bringing
farm boys in touch with the best things
in agriculture has been promulgated in
New York state and has received the en-
dorsement of New York State Grange.
In fact, the State Grange will co-operate
with the commissioner of the state de-
partment of agriculture in carrying out
the plan.

It is proposed. to have 100 boys visit the
state fair at Syracuse in order that they
may learn, by practical observation, many
things that farm boys should know and
yetgyin most cases, do not know. The
plan is't'ouseIectr boys from fifteen to nine-
teen 'yéé’fi's. of age'from each county in
the staté,‘ boys who are living on farms,
to the number of not more than 100, who
shall attend the fair during the entire
week. The boys pay their own expenses,
and if they comply with all the regula-
tions the expenses will be refunded. Their
sleeping places and meals will be fur-
nishe'dlfree, but each boy is to take the
necessary bedding. A competent person
will be in charge of them at all times. A
lecture each day will be given to the en—
tire company. The boys will attend in
squadsfimd they will assist in turn at the
fair morning or afternoon and the balance
of the time will be theirs. They may as-
sist in the stock judging rings, in the live
stock parade, ticket taking. etc.

After they have returned home each
may write an essay of not over 1,000
words and submit the same for prizes, the
best four to receive a pair of calves each
(all of the same breed); next best four
to receive a pair of sheep each; next four
to receive a pair of hogs each; the next
best four to receive one bushel of seed
corn each and the next best four to re-
ceive one-half bushel of seed corn. Prizes
will also be offered at the fair a year
later for the best results these boys can
Show from their prizes for 1911. A cir—
cular letter to the boys appointed will
give all details as to what they should
bring to the fair, etc. The practical work-
ing out of the plan will be watched with
considerable interest by those who be-
lieve in giving farm boys the benefits of
such practical observation and educa—
tion.

-

A PROGRAM SUGGESTION.

 

The National Lecturer offers a sugges-
tion for the preparation of what is term-
ed a. “commodity” program, which, ob-
viously, can be made to furnish a lot of
information, in concise form, and still be
far from uninteresting. Select a dozen

vegetable products in common use—
Wheat, sugar, coffee, tea, oranges, rice,
bananas, etc, and ask for three to five

minutes on each by some member who
should look up his subject carefully and
be prepared to tell all he can in a short
space of time. A great many of the most
common articles of household consump-
tion are an absolute milstery in the minds
of most people, so far as really knowing
where and how they grow. These brief,
spicy papers will tell the story and in

.With those varied processes.

 

THE MICHIGAN FARMER.

such illuminating form as to have great
value.

The ' same idea. might furnish another
valuable evening by taking up the differ-
ent articles of common personal wear,
bringing out where different materials
come from, the processes through which
they pass to fit them for our use, as well
as many interesting incidents connected
All these
topics come close home to the every—day
life of people, which are always sure to
be topics that catch and hold the in-
terest.

AMONG THE LIVE GRANGES.

Another U. P. Grange.—~Rockland
Grange was recently organized at Rock-
Iand, Ontonagon county, by Deputy State
Master Seward. The new organization
starts off with about 20 members and a
vigorous effort will be made to include
in its membership not only every farmer
in the township but every person in any
way interested in the many allied
branches of agriculture. The principal
orl‘icers elected at time of organization
are: Master, Jos. Bebeau; lecturer, A.
C. Adair: secretary, Geo. McCracken.

A Tree and Bird Program.-——The pro-
gram enjoyed by the members of Arcada
Grange, of Gratiot Co., at their first May
meeting was made up of topics appropri-
ate to Arbor Day and Bird Day. Trees
adapted to warm and also to cold climates
were named and described. A number of
members showed a surprising familiarity
with birds. C. H. Smith gave a good talk
on the protection of birds that are bene-
ficial to the farmer. Ray Keefer named
and discussed the grain eating varieties
while Harold Wood treated the insect
eating varieties in a. similar manner.

Partello Grange 0rganized.——National
Deputy John F. Wilde organized a Grange
at Partelio, Calhoun Co., with 45 charter
members, Friday evening, May 12. The
following are the officers: Master, Vergue
lecturer,

 

Iden; overseer, Scott Keating;

Lodessie Bair; steward, B. J. Milburn;
assistant steward, Frank Cox; lady as-
sistant steward, Ethel Tucker; chaplain,
Lorin Dunlap; treasurer, \V. C. Butter—

field; secretary, llurt Oxby; gate keeper,
Shakespeare Vangeisen; Ceres, Mrs. C. E.

Murry; Pomona, Alma Bohmer; Flora,
Nettie Allen.
A Revival of Grange Interest among

farmers in the vicinity of Galesburg, Kal-
amazoo Co., has resulted in the organiza-
tion of Galesburg Grange, the charter be-
ing closed recently. The Grange has
chosen the following officers: Master, 0.
F. McClary; lecturer, Mrs. H. Dale
Adams; overseer. J. J. Campbell; secre-
tary, Charles Curtis; treasurer, Seymour
Olin; chaplain, Mrs. George Burroughs;
steward, John Vosburg; assistant stew-
ard, Elbert Backus; lady assistant stew-

ard, Mrs. Charles Curtis; gatekeeper,
Frank Tobey; Pomona, Miss Leila De-
Long; Ceres, Mrs. John Vosburg; Flora,

Mrs. Elbert Backus.

Another Attractive Year Book.——Gratiot
Co. Pomona Grange is sending out a year
book which reflects great credit upon
that organization as well as upon the
committee having the actual work in
charge. In adidtion to programs for Po~
mona meetings to be held during the
year it contains much interesting infor-
mation of a local nature—brief historical
sketches of the county’s leading Oranges,
its schools and its rapid advancement in
many lines, while the numerous photo-
graphic reproductions of the country’s
leading Patrons, of its substantial and
commodious Grange halls, and of some of
homes of Patrons, serve to make the
book not only an excellent advertisement
for" the Grange but for the county as
we .

A Very Live Meeting was held by Star
Grange, of Gratiot Co., early in May. Af-
ter a candidate had been elected to mem-
bership the program was taken up. The
discussion of the topic, "Is the Distribu-
tion of Seeds by the Government a
Graft?" was led by Messrs. Hale and
Bailey, 3 number of other members par-
ticipating. There was a wide difference
of opinion, some reporting good results
from the use of such seeds while others
declared that they had grown nothing
from them but grass and weeds. The re-
port of the "One Improvement Club"
brought out the fact that some members
had made some small improvements. “The
Feed and Care of Young Chickens,” was
led by Mrs. Bailey and generally dis-
cussed by all. Some have had better luck
with slightly moistened feed and others
prefer dry feed. It was the general opin-
ion that it does not pay to hatch chickens
after August 1.

 

 

COMING EVENTS.

 

Pomona Meetings.

Barry Co., with Irving Grange, Wed-
nesday, May 31. State Deputy D. [3.
McClure, speaker.

Lenawee Co., with South Dover Grange,
Thursday, June 1. Lecturers' conference
conducted by State Lecturer.

Eaton Co., with Needmore Grange,
\Vednesday, June 7.
Kent Co., with Thornapple Valley

Grange, Wednesday, June 7. State spealo
er, Mrs. E. J. Creyts.

Newaygo Co., with Lincoln Grange,
Wednesday and Thursday, June 14 and 15.

Calhoun Pomona and Lecturers’ Con-
ference, at Battle Creek, Thursday,
June 8

Allegan Pomona. and Lecturers’ Con-

ference, at Otsego, Thursday, June 15.
Osceola Pomona and Lecturers’ Confer-
ence. at Reed City. Friday, June 16.
Western (Ottawa Co.) Pomona. with
Ottawa Grange, Friday and Saturday,
June 16 and 17. Chas. W, Garfield, state
speaker.

E FARMERS’ CLUBS

 

 

OFFICERS OF THE STATE ASSOCIA-
TION OF FARMERS’ CLUBS.

President—B. A. Holden, Wixom.

Vice-Pres, J. D, Leland, Corunna.

Secretary—Mrs. C. P. Johnson, Meta-
mora.

Treasurer—Mrs. Lewis Sackett, Eckford.

Directors—~A. R. Palmer, Jackson; Wm.
H. Marks, Fair Haven; C. L. Wright,
Caro; E. W. Woodruff, Blanchard; C. P.
Johnson, Metamora; Patrick Hankerd,
Munith.

Address all communications relative to
the organization of new Clubs to Mrs. C.
P. Johnson, Metamora, Mich.

 

Auoclational Motto.—
The skillful hand, with cultured mind.
is the farmer’s most valuable asset.

 

Associational Sentiment.—
The farmer, he garners from the soil
the primal wealth of nations.

 

CLUB DISCUSSIONS.

Discuss State Problems—0n May 10th
“Shady Lawn," the pleasant home of
Representative and Mrs. D. S. Morrison,
welcomed the Essex Farmers’ Club and
several invited guests. Following the
opening exercises, C. A. Matthews open-
ed the discussion of the question, “Who
Is responsible for the condition of the
government?" Conceding the question
to be a difficult one, and, as yet unset-
tled, he said in part: The politician usu-
ally places all blame on the “other party”
regardless of facts and conditions. The
farmer realizes that present prices of
farm products are too low—that too many
"middle-men” are living on the toll of
the farmer, who receives but 35 per cent
of the price paid by the consumer, and
this being the situation, a readjustment
is called for. There is too much “spec-

ulation" in the staple commodities, and
this is little less than a crime. In the
general discussion of the question, S. T.

“middle-men” are chiefly
D. S. Morrison

Gilson said the
the disturbing element.

saw many reasons—the uncertainty re-
garding the much mooted question of
recrprocity is one leading factor. Both

 

of the present political parties are faced
towards “free trade" and it would seem
that the time is about ripe for a new
party. The professional politician is the
one chiefly responsible for unfavorable
conditions. F. Harvey said, “party
spirit” is often antagonistic to the best
interests of the government. Political
leaders are often a menace and harm.
The “square deal" so earnestly advocated
by Ex-l’resident Roosevelt is often not
relished by the politician. S. G. Loomis
deemed that no man need to be idle at
the present time; then why this unrest?
Ambitious men, but lacking in integrity,
seeking and obtaining public preferment,
is one principal cause of ill conditions.
Education.——At this point adjournment
for dinner and the social enjoyment
which always accompany a session of the
Farmers’ Club, was welcomed. In the
afternoon roll call was followed by a
selection read by Mrs. G. J. Jewett.
“How can one improve his education late
in life?” was treated in a paper by J. T.
Dauiclls, who deemed the important re-
quisite to be the possession of an ear—

nest and lasting desire for increased
knowledge. This being possessed, then
the use of every and all opportunities

coming within one‘s reach, will bring the
desired result. The reading of good
books and the conversing with people of
cultured minds will prove very helpful.
The “School of Life" offers its valuable
opportunities to all and he is on the road
to wisdom who avails himself thereof.
An earnest general discussion of the
theme of the paper followed. Mrs. C. A.
Matthews recited, very acceptably, “The
Village Choir," and the Club adjourned.
Selections of music enlivened the ses-
sion..~J. 'l‘. Daniells, Cor. Sec.

Favor Change in Distributing Primary
Money.—-Thc \Vixom Farmers‘ Club was
entertained at the Maccabee Hall in Wix—
om, May 10, by Mr. and Mrs. David
Zage and Mr. and Mrs. Eugene Furman.
It was a busy time of the year but a
good number were there. The program
was very interesting. The question dis-
cussed was, “Resolved, that the proposed
distribution of the primary school fund
is more equitable than the present sys-
tem.” After being freely discussed by
several of the Club members, a resolution
was adopted in favor of the proposed
plan of distributing the primary money,
though hating to destroy the foundation
which had been good so long-Mrs. R. D.
Stephens, Cor. Sec.

Commercial Fertilizers.—The Salem
Farmers’ Club held its May meeting at
the pleasant home of Mr. and Mrs. Edwin
Smith. A large number of the men were
detained at home by the pressure of the
busy season, but a good number were
also in attendance, also guests from Ann
Arbor. After the usual bountiful dinner.
a good program was rendered. Robert
Ross read a very able and timely paper
on the subject of “Fertilizers." He gave
Some formulas, stating what the com-
mercial fertilizer should contain, namely,
nitrogen, potash and phosphoric acid --
different soils requiring different propor—
tions of these ingredients. The barn-
yard manure ls almost invaluable on ac-
count of conserving the humus in the
soil. His experience had shown him the
great value of the commercial fertilizer.
He said in Florida, where he resided for
five years. the commercial fertilizer is
as necessary to the farmer as tools or
seed. During his five years' stay in the

(18) 585
south he had purchased and used 30 tons
of fertilizer on his fruit farm, and al-
ways with the greatest success.‘ He was
convinced that farmers might double the
crops they are raising, by an intelligent
use of commercial fertilizer, of course,
not neglecting turning in the clover sod
and using some barnyard manure to re-
tain humus of tl.c soil.

Potato Culture—Chas. Ross then read
a paper on potatoes. The first essential
for the potato crop is the right kind of
soil. Second, fertility of soil. After that
barrow every week and fight the bugs.
Be ready for the blight, spray before it
gets started so as to be sure to be in

time; in planting cut potatoes to two
eyes. Mr. Ross was followed by Herbert
Smith. He referred to Mr. Woodman as

advocating using seed potatoes the size
of a hen’s egg, cut in two. An animated
discussion followed. Subject for next
meeting, “How most successfully to con—
serve and increase our soil fertility."
Club voted to celebrate the Fourth of
July, details to be arranged next meet-
ing, which will be held at the home of
Doctor Peebles.

lngham County Farmers' Club.—It is
well that the second Saturday of each
month is Club day and the farmer and
his family are all better for the day's
outing, and the second Saturday in May
was no exception. It was an ideal day.
fruit trees in blossom, all nature clothed
in her fresh, green garb, and members
and friends of the Club 100 strong met
with President Ives at Sunnysidc, a place
rightly named, and there are few, if any,
better farm houses in Michigan. Much
might be said about this place and yet
not half be told, but it would take too
long and those that were there will al-
ways remember the log cabin and ad—
jacent curios, while many of the men
walked back over the farm and to the
woodlot. Since our last meeting Presi-
dent Ives surprised us all by going to
Wisconsin and uniting in marriage to an
honorary member of our Club, Mrs. Edna.
Hawley, who will come to her Michigan
home in about a month and be an active
member, and those who know her, know
there will be nothing lacking, nothing
wanting in doing what falls hcr way. in
welcoming the members President Ives
referred to his now relations and stated
in part that he was glad of so universal
good wishes as had been expressed and
that later in life one nccded a compan-
ion more than ever and that one was a
good deal less than half of two.

Flowers in the House.~—.\fter several
musical and literary numbers had boon
rendered, Mrs. E. l’. Rowe presented the
subject, “Flowers in the home," in a con-
densed, concise way. She finds the ker-
nel and lets the husks take care of them-
selves. In part sho said: “lllvcrybody
was glad to welcome the first Wild flow-
ers, the fruit blossoms and annuals, and
were equally sorry to have the frost
come in the fall. If not convenient else—
where. put your annuals in the garden
and have plenty of bouquets for your
own table and to give to your friends
and while it is nice to have plants in
winter, do not devote the most sunny and
best window for reading or working, to
them." Mrs. Haskell led in the discus-
sion, saying flowers were always pleasant
companions. President Ives spoke of
their use upon the table-no meal was
complete without their beauty and frag-
rance. Rev. Ellett spoke of the influence
of a single plant, as set forth in I’icciola.
Revs. Beebe, Simmons and Catrall added
their testimony and all joined in singing,
“Sowing Seeds.”

Making and Probating Wills. The sec-
ond subject of the afternoon was the
“Transfer of Property," by Judge Gard-
ner, who changed the subject at the
suggestion of a member, to the “Making
and Probating of Wills." He said in
part: “Anyone 21 years of age, sane and
sound in mind, could make a. will. A
certain form was customary and two wit-
nesses to the signature necessary. After
it is made it can be filed with the judge
of probate. The county has provided a.
place for safe keeping, and the making
of a will is simply a business proposition
and ought to be attended to. A codicil
can be added at any time. After a per—
son's death a relative files a petition to
have a certain instrument on file pro-
bated, and the wheels are set in motion.
First follows the printing of the hearing
for three weeks, the appointment of ad-
ministrator, filing bonds for security, ap—
pointment of commissioners and apprais-
ers; four months is the shortest time for
claims to be presented, six months may
be given. He spoke briefly of the in-
heritance tax, Where five per cent goes
to the state when an estate is given to
collateral kindred, but no tax is made
when the property goes to direct heirs
or to benevolences. Recording 3. will and
settlement of same is the same as a deed
and makes the title to your property
good. Some claim wills are dangerous,
but there are 25 deeds set aside to one
will being broken or contested, and while
he had been in oflice only two wills had
been set aside, and those for reasons sat-
isfactory to all concerned. He urged all
not to procrastinate. A will was not a.
death warrant, and does not interfere in
any way with your business. On the
other hand, it is a safeguard. After a.
will is probabted it cannot be set aside
and probation acts as a deed and keeps
the title clear. Judge Bristol, who has
probably settled more estates than any
other man in Ingham county, spoke of
the formalities that must be carried out
~one must not be careless. In this state
a widow can elect whether to settle her
husband’s estate by the will or statute.
and emphasized the necessity of com-
missioners. If they are appointed no
claim can ever be presented against the
estate after the expiration of the time
specified, andwhen not appointed, there
is no record and so the title is not com-
plete—Mrs. J. E. Tanswell, Cor. Sec.

 

 


  

‘ 586 (14) ’

WWI-V

‘ MARKETS

WWW
DETROIT WHOLESALE MARKETS.

 

 

 

May 24, 1911.
Grains and Seeds.

Wheat.——The market has been affected
to an unusual degree during the past
week by operations in futures, and this
will probably remain true until the May
deal is closed. Receipts of wheat in Chl-
cago have been unusually large during
recent days, the grain having been rushed
to market for delivery on May options.
These large deliveries have, however,
had no permanent effect in lowering cash
prices, and futures were marked up qu1t_e
sharply during the early days of this
week, and all indications pomt to a
strongly speculative market during the
remaining days in which the May deal
will hold interest. Crop news has been
a small factor in the market during re-
cent days, notwithstanding the fact that
the visible supply is now nearly 16,000,000
bushels larger than a year ago. The price
for No. 2 red wheat in this market one
year ago was $1.081é. Quotations for the
week follow:

No. 2 No. 1

Red. White. géill/y. Sggt.
Thursda ...... 92 .90 . 2 . .
Friday .y ..... ...92 .90 88% .881/4,
Saturday ...... 91% .90 .8894 881,;
Monday ....... 91% .90 .8814 .87f/4,
Tuesday ....... 92 .91 .8914 .885;
\Vcdnesday ....91 .90 88% .8814

Corn—This market has strengthened
under a better eastern and export de-
mand, coupled with light sales in the
country. in addition to this factor there
was a good demand for futures. Planting
is progressing under rather unfavorable
conditions as to moisture in parts of
Michigan and lndiana. One year ago No.

3 corn sold at 62c in this market. Quo-
tations for the week are:
No. 3 No. 3
Com. Yellow.
Thursday ................ 551/2 561/2
Friday .................... 551/2 561/2
Saturday ................. 55 56
Monday .................. 55 56
Tuesday .................. 55 56
\Vednesday ............... 55 56
Oats.-—Reports of damage to the crop

in Texas had a bullish effect on the oat
market during the early days of this
week. Under this influence futures made
a net advance ofvhalf a cent. Standard
oats sold at 440 per bushel in this mar—
ket one year ago. Quotations for the

i ‘ llow:

weel to ‘ Standard No.3

Wh_i7te
Thursda ................ 38 3 1/
Friday .y ................... 38 371,42
Saturday ................. 38 371/5
Monday .................. 38 37%
Tuesday .................. 38 371,?
\Vednesday ............... 38 3 4 1,2

Beans.——.:\ further advance in the nom-
inal quotations for beans has occurred
during the past week. Offerings are not
increasing, however, growers apparently
holding to their determination to keep
stocks in hand for the $2 mark at ship-
ping stations. Quotations for the week
are:

Cash. Oct.

Thursday .................. $2.04 $1.97
Friday ....... ..............2.04 197
Saturday .................. 2.04 1.97
Monday .................... 2.04 1.97
Tuesday ................... 2.04 1.97
\Vednesday ................ 2.04 1.97
Clover Seed.——Nominal quotations are

unchanged since last week. No transac-
tions of note have occurred, the season
for activity in the market having passed
for the present. Futures have, however,
been marked up on account of weather
conditions. Quotations for the week fol-

low:
Prime. Oct. Alsike.
Thursday ....... $9.00 $7.65 $8.75
Friday ........... 9.00 7.85 8.75
Saturday ......... 9.00 7.95 875
Monday .......... 9.00 7.95 8.75
Tuesday .......... 9.00 7.95 8.75
\\'ednesday.. ....... 9.00 7.95 8.75
Timothy Seed—Market inactive lut
quoted steady with the recently estab-

lished high figure still offered. The quo-
tation is $5.60 per bu.

Flour, Feed, Provisions, Etc.

Flour.—Markct is fair with prices
steady. Quotations ‘are;
Clear ................................. $4.75
Straight ............................. 4.65
Patent Michigan .................... 4.90
Ordinary Patent ..................... 4.90

Hay and Straw.—-Market steady at last
week’s higher range. Quotations on
baled hay in car lots f. o. b. Detroit are:
No. 1 timothy, $220023; No. 2 timothy,
$190720; clover, mixed, $196020; rye straw,
$7: wheat and oat straw, $6.50 per ton.

Feed—Prices are steady with a week
Carlot prices on track are: Bran,

a o.
$2g7 per ton: coarse middlings, $26; fine
middlings, $28; cracked corn, $22; coarse
corn meal, $22; corn and oat chop, $20
per ton.

Potatoes—Offerings of old stock are

in advance of the demand. Prices have
declined 10c since this time last week
and the market is quiet and easy. In car
lots Michigan potatoes are selling at 3560
40c per bushel.

Provisions—Family pork, $186019: mess
pork, $16.50: medium clear, $16@17;
smoked hams, “fifth/“.0; briskets, 10517
101/;c; shoulders, 10c; picnic hams, 91,40;
bacon. 146915150; pure lard in tierces,
9%0: kettle rendered lard, 9%c.

Hides.-—No. 1 cured, 11c; No. 1 green,
81/2c; No. 1 cured bulls, 9c; No. 1 green
bulls, 71/2c; No. 1 cured veal kip, 1115c;
No. 1 green veal kip, 10c; No. 1 cured
murrain, 9c; No. 1 green murrain, 7%cf

No. 1 cured calf, 16c; No. 1 green calf,
140; No. 2 kip and calf, Him Off; No.

2 mated at 48@5‘0c.

THE MICHIGAN FARMER.‘

mills of old stock is very light, although
some demand is reported in Ohio quarter

hides 1c off; No. 1 horseniaes, $3.75; No.
2 horsehides, $2.75; sheepskins, depend-
ing on wool, 20@500.

Dairy and Poultry Products.

Butter.—Last. week’s figures have been
steadily maintained on creamery grades;
dairy goods and packing stock are off
1c. Quotations are: Extra creamery,
21c; do, firsts, 19c; dairy, 15c; packing
stock, 13c per lb.

Eggs.——The demand remains sufficient
to take care of the rather liberal offer-
ings at the lower range of values estab-
lished last week. Fresh receipts, case
count, cases included, are quoted at 15%,c
per dozen.

Poultry.—Nothing doing in dressed
stock; business in live confined largely'to
chickens and fowls. Market easy With
most kinds quoted lower. Live—Spring
chickens, 15c; hens, 15c; old roosters, 9@
100; turkeys, 14@16c; geese, 8@9c; ducks,
young, 14(015c; broilers, 25@28c per lb.

Cheese.——Michigan, old, 17c; Michigan,

late, 13@14c. York state, old, 170; do.
late made, 12@131,éc; limburger, early, 14
@15c; Swiss domestic block, 16@180;
cream brick, 14@15c.

Veal.»——Market higher. Fancy, 9@91,§c;
choice, 7@71/20 per lb.

Fruits and Vegetables-
Cabbage.—Lower. Selling at $2.25@

2.50 per crate.
0nions.—Steady.
per bushel.
Strawberries.—-Quoted at $3.25@3.50 per
24-qt. case.
Pineapples.—$2@2.50 per dozen.
Apples—Becoming scarce; only a few
varieties on the market and very firm.

Quoted at $1.50@1.75

 

 

Baldwins, $6.50@7; Steel reds. $6.50@7;
ordinary grades, $45065 per bbl; \Vest-
ern apples, $2.75@3 per box.
O_THER MARKETS.
Grand Rapids.
The potato market is indeed in the

dumps with but slight prospects of re-
covery this season. Dealers attribute the
slump to the unseasonably hot weather;
many of them haVe stopped buying en-
tirely and while some sections of the
state are pretty well cleaned up other
places report lots of potatoes and the ag—
gregate of stock in growers‘ hands Will
reach into the thousands of bushels.
Tuesday’s market on potatoes was not
above 25c, and at some loading stations
20c was the top price. White pea beans
are quoted on $1.60@1.70 basis to farm-
ers, red kidneys at $3. Excessive rams
have interfered with corn planting and
indications- point to an increased acreage
of beans. On account of difficulties in
raising No. 1 red kidneys in Michigan the
acreage of this variety is likely to be re-
duced this year. Eggs are off again,
dealers quoting 14(1‘141/2c to the shipping
trade. Dairy butter holds at 16c and
creamery is unchanged. Dressed hogs
are worth 7@71,§c.

 

 

Chicago.

“beat—No. 2 red, 96%;@981/2c; July,
8814c; Sept, 8717/30 per bu.

Corn. No. 2, 53@531/zc; July, 522-450;
Sept, 53c per bu.

Oats—No. 2 white, 35@351,éc; July,
24c: Sept., 3394c.

Barley.—Malting grades, 85c@$1.03 per
bu; feeding, 65@80c.

Butter.——The outlook seems improved
as buyers are giving the market better
suppoi’t.‘ Creamery goods are movmg

more freely at firm prices, while the best
grade of dairy butter has advanced a
full cent. Quotations are: Creameries,
1661.210, dairies, extra, 190 per lb.

Eggs—This market continues slow and
rather unsettled under liberal receipts
and unmistakable timidity on the part of
buyers for storage purposes. Prices un-
changed except on top grades which are
1730 lower. Quotations are: Prime firsts,
15c; firsts, 141/2c per doz; at mark, cases
included, 12%(013c per dozen.

Potatoes—Offerings are in excess of
requirements and prices are again lower.
.\ decline of 5c in new stock has stimu-
lated the demand in that direction and in
consequence the market for old stock is
weak and rather quiet. New stock is
quoted at 85¢:95c per bu. Quotations on
old potatoes are: Choice to fancy, 38(1)
40c per bu: fair to good, 35(L37c.

Beans—The supply appears to be lim-
ited and the market holds very firm.
Hand-picked pea beans are higher.
Choice hand-picked pea beans quoted at
$2.13fil2.18 per bu: prime, $1.95fi2.05; red
kidneys, $4 per bu.

Hay and Straw—Hay values have
moved up 50c per ton and the market
continues firm. Little activity in straw
and all kinds aie quoted 50c lower. Quo—

 

tations: (‘hoice timothy, $220023; No. 1
timothy. $20.5061/2150; No. 2 do. and No.
1 mixed. $196120: No. 3 do. and No. 2
mixed, “5506:1750: rye. straw, $8.507i'9;
oat straw, $7WL750; wheat straw, $6@
650 per ton.

New York.
Rutter—Market steady under moder-

ate receipts and a fair demand. Cream—
ery specials are quoted at 22c; extras,
21c pcr lb.

Eggs—Market somewhat irregular,
with last week’s reduced quotations rul-
ing in the main. Fresh gathered extras.
19c; firsts, 16¢al7c; seconds, 151/3@15%4c;

storage packed, firsts, 17@18c. _
Poultry—Live. \Vestern spring chick-

ens. 24c; fowls, 141/zfr1715c; turkeys, 12c.
Dressed—Fresh killed turkeys, 13@16c;
fowls, 121/263151/20.

Boston.

iVool.——The London sales continue ac-
tive at steady prices, with liberal offer—
ings. In this market interest is centered
entirely in the west, where bidding for
the new clip is reported to be very ac—
tive. Heavy purchases of Utah and Wy-
oming stock have been made at about
16c, which is approximately the price paid
last year; the landed cost clean is esti-
The movement to the

fleeces. The uncertainty regarding con-
gressional action is still influencing buy-
ers. The leading domestic quotations
range as follows: Ohio and Pennsylvania
iieeces—Delaine washed, 29@30c; XX, 27
@28c; fine unmerchantable, 22c; 1/z-blood
combing, 25c; fig-blood combing, 241,-’2@
250; 1A-blood combing, 23@24c; delaine
unwashed, 23@24c; fine unwashed, 18@
1994c. Michigan, W'isconsin and New
York fleeces—Fine unwashed, 17%@17%c;
delaine unwashed, 23c; 1,é-blood unwash-

ed, 24c. Kentucky, Indiana and Missouri
——%'—blood, 221/20; 1AL-blood, 22c. Scoured
baSis: Texas—Fine 12 months, 46@48c;

line 6 to 8 months, 43@44c.
Elgln.

Butter.—Market firm at 21c per 1b.,
which is the quotation of last week. Out-
put for 'the week, 839,700 lbs, as com-
pared With 687,300 lbs. for the previous

 

week.
THE LIVE STOCK MARKETS.
Buffalo.
May 22, 1911.
(Special report by Dunning & Stevens,

New York Central Stock Yards,
East Buffalo, N. Y.)

Receipts of stock here today as follows:
Cattle, 120 cars; hogs, 11,200; sheep and
lambs, 15,000; calves, 2,500.

Chicago reports 25,000 and lower,
with only 120 cars on our market, the
cattle all sold strong and from 10@15c
per cwt. higher than last week, quality
considered.

'We quote:
$6.25@6.50; good prime 1,200 to 1,300—lb.
steers, $6.10@6.30; best 1,100 to 1,200-lb.
shipping steers, $5.65@6.10; medium
butcher steers, 1,000 to 1,100, $5.40@5.65;
light butcher steers, $5@5.25; best fat
cows, $4.60@5.35; fair to good do., $3.75
@450; common to medium (10., $3.40@4;
trimmers, $2.75@3.25; best fat heifers,
$5.50@6; good do., $5.15@5.50; fair to good
do., $4.25@4.75; stock heifers, $4@4.25;
stockers, all grades, $4604.25; best feeding
steers, dehorned, $5.25@5.50; common
feeding steers, $4.25@4.50; best bulls, $5
((05.50; bologna bulls, $4614.75; stock bulls,
common to good, $3.50@4; best milkers
and springers, $50@60; common to good
(10., $256040.

The hog market opened generally about
a nickle lower on the mixed and york
weights, and from 5@10c higher on strict-
lV pig weights. Local packers bought the
bulk of the good quality mixed hogs run-
ning to the lighter weights at $6.45@6.50,
while the bulk of the yorkers went to the
eastern shippers at $6.50, with a few se-
lected at $6.55. The bulk of the choice
quality pigs sold at $6.50. Heavier
weights ranged from $6.10@6.40, accord—
ing to weight and quality. Rough sows
sold from $5.35@5.40; stags generally
from 5342569475. Everything is cleaned
up except a few late arrivals; market is
closing steady.

Lamb market opened active today;
most of the choice handy lambs selling
at 25740613750. Look for about steady
prices on handy dry-fed lambs the bal-
ance of the week, but look for lower
prices after next Monday. Sheep market
was active today: most of the choice
ewes selling at $4.25fi‘4.50; wethers, $4.85
(IL-5. Look for about steady prices on
sheep balance of the week.

we quote: Best handy lambs, $7.40@
7.50; heavy lambs, $6€L6.25; bucks, $3®
3.50: cull sheep, $2603.50; yearlings, $5.50
(05.75; wethers, $4.85fii5; ewes, $42561)
4.50;. cull sheep, $2fi‘3.50; veals, choice to
extra, 3575060775: fair to good (10., $5.50
@725; heavy calves, 51535060450. ,

but

Chicago.
May 22, 1911.

_ Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.
Received today ...... 25,000 53,000 18,000
Same day last year..22,003 32,620 16,006
Received last week..52,302 135,514 67,002
Same week last year.45,727 122,680 62,639

This is a Monday when sellers of cat-
tle are taken by surprise by the an
their offerings are selling. Only a few
weeks ago today’s “run” would have
caused a decline for the greater part Of
the cattle, but the demand is very good,
and sales are generally at steady prices.
This follows last week’s declineoi‘ 156!)
25c in heavy liecves, medium and handy
weights having declined in that time only
a dime, while choice yearlings were
steady and fat cows and heifers advanced
1051.15c. Hogs are fairly active, with de—
clines of 5c for light and 10c. for heavy
from last week‘s closing figures, the rep-
ceipts being extremely large. Sales are
nth range of $5.50m6.10, with bacon hogs
going at the top and pigs bringing $5.50

616. Small lots of coarse heavy hogs
sold at $5.30fl15.45. such transactions em-
bi‘ming lots of a few head. The hogs re-
ceived last week averaged in weight 240
lbs, or one, pound more than a week
earlier, comparing with 241 lbs. a year
ago and 215 lbs. two years ago. A week
ago hogs sold at 51458561650, while two

years ago sales ranged at 51368042750 and
three years ago at $5.20715.70. The sheep
and lambs on sale were taken quickly at
further sharp advances that followed last
week’s boom of 75¢!90c for lambs and
25c for sheep. \Vooled lambs were scarce
and sold up to $7.50, while clipped lots
sold as follows: Lambs, $5497.15: weth—
ers, $450605; ewes, $2.50fl‘475. Yearlings
of the best kind would have brought $6
had any been offered. Spring lambs were
salable at $5.50fib7.75.

Cattle were not in particularly large
demand last week, although the general
trade was better than a short time ago,
the call continuing to center on fat, little
yearling steers and heifers. These cattle
are the last to decline in value as a rule,
and the first to show improvement, while
heavy, long-fed beeves are usually slow
of sale and quick to sell down. All that
has stood in the way of a larger decline

Best 1,350 to 1,500-lb. steers-

MAY 27, 1911.

in prices for heavy steers was their
smaller number, stockmen in the middle
west having shipped in most of their
holdings some time ago. The bulk of the
steers went at $5.50@6.15, with the poorer
light weights going at $5.10@5.60 and the
better class of finished cattle at $6@6.45.
The extreme range of prices has nar-
rowed a good deal since the early part
of the year, with recent sales of export
steers at $5.60@6.20, while good to best
yearlings brought $5.75@6.40. Hot weath—
er has held down the demand for cattle
by curtailing consumption of beef, but
butcner stock has sold relatively well,
cows and heifers going at $3.40@6.25,
while cutters sold at $3.10@3.35, canners
at $2.10@3 and bulls at $3.50@5.50. Calves
have been in lively demand so far as the
better class of vealers are. concerned,
these being still higher and fetching $6.75

(607.50 per 100 lbs., while the,coarse, heavy '

lots sold at $36175. The stocker and feed-
er trade has shown considerable anima-
tion, the former selling at $4@5.70 and
the latter at $5@5.75. but not many of
these cattle went to the country around
the highest figures. Good 800 to 1,000—
lb. feeders sold at $5.35@5.50 and good
550 to 760-lb. stockers at $5.25@5.40, while
feeding cows and heifers brought $4.25@
4.75 and trashy light stock heifers as low
as $3.40@4. Milkers and springers had
a moderate outlet at $30@65 per head,
demand being partial for good backward
springers. Common cows had to be sold
to killers at- inside figures.

Hogs have suffered several declines in'

prices recently, more because of smaller
purchases by eastern shippers than on
account of particularly large supplies, al-
though the Monday receipts exceeded 40,—
000 head. Quality, while still good, was
hardly up to the recent standard, there
being a larger showing of ordinary mix-
ed, staggy and rough lots. There was
also quite a showing of big sows weigh-
ing around 500 lbs., and these offerings
had to be sold at low prices, bringing
around $5.506i‘25.75 on days when the bet-
ter class of hogs sold for $6606.35.
enough light bacon hogs and pigs arrived
to satisfy the demand, and these con—
tinued market—toppers, bringing a good
premium. The remarkably hot weather
for so early in the year was extremely
trying on .hogs in transit, especially on
the extremely heavy hogs, and as many
as eight or ten dead hogs were taken
from cars arriving here. Careless load-
ing was largely responsible for such

Not _

losses, cars being loaded too full for such

hot Weather.

Sheep and lambs made a fine record
last week, lambs selling at the highest
prices touched since

last October. Of,

late the markets have been getting small- l

er supplies than several weeks ago, as
sheepmen generally have marketed the
greater part of their holdings, and the
past week saw some light runs in the
east and at Missouri river points and
sharp advances in values. The packers
complained at times of the poor dressing
quality of a considerable share of the 0f-
ferings, but in the absence of sufficient
numbers of live muttons, they took 'ev-
erything offered at firm values. Export-
ers were in the market and bought several
loads of heavy lambs at $5.50. Native
and southern spring lambs arrived more
freely and had a fair sale, although many
were not choice in quality and sold ac-
cordingly. \Vooled lambs arrived spar-
ingly, the hot weather being unfavorable
for the sale of any but clipped stock.
Horses were in much improved general
demand last week, and while the receipts

l

l

l

were several hundred head larger, prices:

advanced $5fi210 per head and in some
instances even more. Quite a number of
good to choice heavy drafters sold at
$220@260 per head, their weights ranging
at 1,500 lbs. and upward, while several
pairs of well-matched heavy drafters
brought $470@530. XVagon horses weigh—
ing 1,200 to 1,300 lbs., were in active de-
mand at $175fil200 and upward, and fair
grade light drivers went. at 5516563185, ex-
pressers going. at the same figures. Some
speedy little mares brought $220@235, and
common

$85. At a special sale of prime horses
fattened in Ohio a pair of grey, grade
Percherons that aggregated 3,780 lbs.

brought $800, and a roan Belgian sold at
$400. ’ F.

LIVE STOCK NOTES.

 

There are reported to be a great many
fall farrowed pigs in the corn belt states,
the high prices paid for matured hogs
and the superabundance of cheap corn

animals went at $150 down t0}

and other feed having encouraged their

production.

Iiambing is going on on the western

ranges, and a big lamb “crop” is prom- '

ised, ewes having come through the win—
ter in much better condition than usual.
Rains have fallen in most sections, and
pasturage is excellent.

1

r

Owing to the drought, the Texas Pan- I

handle country has shipped out most of
the cattle held there, and now the stock-
inen down there are forced to bring in
cattle to graze from the southern part of
Texas. A drought lasting for two years
cut down the Panhandle calf crop and
stood in the way of a normal increase in
the cattle supply.

An order buyer in the Chicago stocker
and feeder cattle market sums up the sit-
uation as follows: ”Owing to the excel-
lent condition of pastures and the abund-
ance of cheap feed available, cattle feed-
ers are keeping the best of their cattle
to finish off for later marketings, and
are sending to market only such steers
as they don't fancy themselves. This is
reflected in a lower standard of quality
in the stockers and feeders on the open
market here, and dealers who have coun-
try orders calling for a desirable class of
stockers and feeders are having the time
of their life in trying to get desirable
stock at the prices country buyers want

.. . '..r' ' ’: ' t ‘

to pay." ‘ ’

 

 

 

 

 


 

 

--~¢7

 

MAY 27, 1.911.
THIS :3 THE LAST EDITION."

 

In the first edition the Detroit Live
Stock markets are reports of last week;
all other markets are right up to date.
Thursday's Detroit Live Stock markets
are given in the last edition. The first
edition is mailed Thursday, the last edi—
tion Friday morning. The first edition is
mailed to those who care more to get the
paper early than they do for Thursday’s
Detroit Live Stock market report. You
may have any edition desired. Subscrib-
ers may change from one edition to an-
other by dropping us a card to that effect.

 

DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS.
Thursday’s Market. ,
May 25, 1911.
Cattle.

Receipts, 925. Market on cattle selling
around $5@5.25, 10@15c higher; cow stuff

stronger; best grades heavy, barely
steady.
We quote: Extra dry-fed steers and

heifers, $6.10; steers and heifers, 1,000 to
1,200, $5.65@5.90; steers and heifers, 800
to 1,000, $5.25@5.60; grass steers and heif-
ers that are fat, 800 to 1,000, $5@5.25;
grass steers and heifers that are fat. 500
to 700, $4.50@5.25; choice fat cows, $4.75;
good fat cows, $4.25@4.50; common cowa.
$3.50@3.75; 'canners, $2.50@3.25; choice
heavy bulls, $4.50@4.75; fair to good bo-
lognas, bulls, $4@4.50; stock bulls, $3.50@
4.25; choice feeding steers, 800 to 1,000,
$5615.25; fair feeding steers, 800 to 1,000,
$4.50@4.85; choice stockers, 500 to 700,
$4.50@4.75; fair stockers, 500 to 700, $4.25
@450; stock heifers. $3.50@4.25; milkers,
large, young, medium age, $40@60; com—
mon milkers, $25@35. ’

Rde Com. Co. sold Kamman B. Co. 3
cows av 1,023 at $4.75, 2 steers av 975
at $6; to Sullivan P. Co. 1 cow weighing
800 at $3; to B. S. & Co. 2 do av 675 at
$3.25; to Hammond, S. & Co. 1 bull weigh-
ing 1,370 at $4.60, 1 do weighing 1,420 at
$4.50, 22 steers av, 1,005 at $6.15; to Regan
1 bull weighing 650 at $4.25; to Mich. B.
Co. 1 do weighing 1,340 at $4.65; to
Breitenbeck 24 steers av 990 at $5.75; to
Cooke 16 do av 1,024 at $5.85; to Ratt-
kowsky 1 bull weighing 750 at $4.75, 2
cows av 1,030 at $4.25, 1 do weighing 900
at $3.75, to Bresnahan 2 do av 840 at
$3.50; to Newton B. Co. 12 steers av 920
at $5.25, 1 bull weighing 880 at $4.50, 7
steers av 960 at $5.70; to Mich. B. Co. 2
bulls av 1,000 at $4.75; to Newton B. Co.
2 steers av 1,015 at $6, 2 cows av 1,010 at
$5.25; to Thompson Bros. 7 cows av 940
at $4.50, 1 heifer weighing 940 at $5.50,
3 cows av 1,000 at $3.50.

Bishop,‘ B. & H. sold Regan 1 bull
weighing ,660 at $4.50; to Mich. B. Co.
1 .do weighing 1,000 at $4.50, 1 do weigh-
ing 1,150 at $4.65, 7 butchers av 866 at
$5.30; to.B. S. & Co. 3 cows av 883 at
$4; to, Hammond, S. & Co. 3 steers av
1,257 at $5.80, 2 bulls av 1,620 at $4.80;
to. Kamman B. Co. 17 butchers av 852 at
$5.30; to Austin .2 cows av 870 at $3.15,
1 do weighing 1,100 at $3.60; to Ham—
mond, S. .8: Co. 1 bull weighing 1,780 at
$4.50, 5 butchers av 950 at $5; to Parkei,
W. & Co. 2 cows av 825 at $3; to Newton
B. 00.1 bull weighing 720 at $4; to Mich.
B. Co. 13 steers av 1,015 at $5.55, 1 bull
weighmg 1,480 at $4.50; to Kamman 4
cows av 900 at $3.75, 2 heifers av 700 at
$5; to Fromm 2 cow and bull av 1,330 at
$4.65, 5, butchers av 892 at $4.90, 1 cow
weighing 800 at $3, 2 do av 980 at $4; to
Breitenbeck 2 bulls av 1,275 at $4.50; to
Laboe 4 Steers av 717 at $5.10; to Newton
B. Co. 7 steers av 1.047 at $5, 4 do av
982 at $4.50, 1 bull weighing 700 at $4; to
Newton R. Co. 21 steers av 1,215 at $6.10.

Spicer & R. sold Bresnahan, Jr., 4 bulls
av 390, at.$3.75, 1 do weighing 650 at $4,
3 steers av 423 at $4.50; to Kamman B.
Co. 12 heifers av 654 at $5.75; to Mich. B.
Co. 1 bull weighing 1,270 at $4.50, 35
butchers av 816 at $5.65, 31 do av 914 at
$5.65, 22 cows av 993 at $4.40; to B. S. &
Co. 2 do av 775 at $3.75, 1 heifer weigh—
ing 630 at $4, 2 do av 505 at $4.50, 1 cow
weighing 1,000 at $3.75, 1 do weighing 770
at $3.50; to Sullivan P. Co. 24 steers av
880 at $5.85, 4 do av 825 at $5.25, 11 cows
av 1,053 at $4, 2 bulls av 1,520 at $4.50, 4
do av 1,207 at $4.50, 1 cow weighing 900
at 2.50, 1 steer weighing 1,000 at $5. 5;
to ry 5 butchers av 976 at $5.30, 1 heif~
er weighing 750 at $5.30; to McDonald
1 bull weighing 810 at $4.25; to Lachalt
8 butchers av 880 at $5.60; to B. S. 8:430.
2 cows av 710 at $3.50, 1 do weighing
1,010 at $3.75; to Fry 7 steers av 706 at
$5.30; to Mich. B. Co. 2 do av 1,075 at
$5.75, 1 bull weighing 880 at $4.25; to New-
ton B. Co. 5 cows av 1,120 at $4.75, 1 do
weighing 980 at $4; to Sullivan P. Co. 1
do weighing 780 at $4.25, 1 do weighing
1,380 at $4.25.

Haley & M. sold Hammond, S. & Co.
15 steers av 966 at $5.85; to Kamman 9
butchers av 684 at $5.15, 10 do av 920 at
$5.75; to Kamman B. Co. 4 cows av 1,025
at $4.15. 1 do weighing 1,010 at $4.50; to
liegan 3 heifers av 607 at $4.80, 1 bull
weighing 710 at $4.35; to Sullivan P. Co.
2 cow and bull av 890 at $5, 1 bull weigh-
ing 760 at $4.35; to B. S. & Co. 1 cow
weighing 1,130 at $3.75; to Austin 1 do
weighing 940 at $3; to Thompson Bros. 1
bull weighing 1,160 at $4.50, 1 cow weigh-
ing 880 at $4.25; to Schlischer 21 butch-
ers av 918 at $5.35.

Kendall sold Bresnahan 22 steers av
905 at $5.25, 1 do weighing 61.0 at $4.50, 23
do av 860 at $5.25, 5 cows av 1,056 at
$3.85, 3 stockers av 610 at $4.50, 1 bull
weighing 1,030 at $4.25.

Jedler sold same 7 butchers av 821 at
5.35. 1 cow weighing 1,050 at $4, 1 do
weighing 1,280 at $5.

Groff sold same 6 cows av 910 at $4.

Groff sold Mich. B. Co. 23 steers av
1,052 at $5.90, 5 cows av 1,092 at $4.25.

Lowenstein sold Lingeman 5 steers av\

1,266 at $5.35. 2 cows av 1,035 at $3.50.
Jones sold Parker. W. & Co. 26 steers
av 951 at $5.75;
Lewis sold Sullivan P. Co. 7 butchers
av 926iat $5.10, 8 steers av 1,170 at $5.80.
’ Stephens Sold same 2 do av 1,200 at. $6.

. THE MICHIGAN FARMER.

Heeney sold same 4 cows av 1,102 at $4,
1 do weighing 1,050 at $3.25. -

Weeks sold same 7 steers av 873 at
$6.65, 2 do av 810 at $5.10.

Stephens sold Austin 2 cows av 1,060
at $3.75.

Torrey sold Fromm 4 steers av 837 at

.45.

Veal Calves.

Receipts, 1,081. Market 25@50c lower
than last week; few choice at $7.25 at
opening. Best, $7@7.25; others, $4@6.75;

milch cows and springers, steady.
Bishop, B. &. H. sold Sullivan P. Co.
1 weighing 120 at $7, 3 av 95 at $5.50, 3
av 140 at $7.25, 8 av 150 at $7.25; to
Parker, W. & Co. 8 av 155 at $7.25, 4 av
175 at $7, 23 av 160 at $7, 4 av 135 at

$7.25; to Thompson Bros. 5 av 165 at
$6.50, 12 av 140 at $6.75; to Parker, W,
& Co. 55 av 135 at $6.50: to Rattkowsky

10 av 146 at $6.75.

Roe Com. Co. sold Hammond, S. & Co.
50 av 145 at $7, 18 av 115 at $5.50, 10 av
159 at $7.25, 3 av 155 at $7.25; to Apple-
baum 9 av 150 at $6; to Rattkowsky 17
av 150 at $7, 3 av 125 at $6, 7 av 140 at $7.

Haley & M. sold Parker, W. & Co. 26
av 150 at $6.50, 10 av 152 at $7.15, 18 av
145 at $7.15.

Spicer & R. sold Mich. B. Co. 2 av 150
at $6.50, 12 av 135 at $7.25, 12 av 150 at
$7.35, 16 av 155 at $7.25, .5 av 125 at $6.70;
to Goose 2 av 120 at $5, 14 av 145 at $7,

16 av 135 at $7, 2 av 145 at $7, 16 av 115
at $5.50; to Rattkowsky 16 av 125 at
$6.80; to Sullivan P. Co. 39 av 130 at

$6.50, 1 weighing 190 at $4.50, 10 av 107
at $5.60; to Newton B. Co. 5 av 145 at
$6.75, 6 av 1'70 at $7. -

Dwelle sold Burnstine 12 av 145 at $7,
4 av 110 at $5.

Sharp sold' Mich. B. Co. 6 av 140 at
$6.50.

Stephens sold Newton B. Co.
135 at $6.50.

Axtel sold same 11 av 166 at $6.50, 2
av 125 at $5.

Johnson sold Goose 13 av 135 at $6.50.

Sheep and Lambs.

Receipts, 2,169. Market 10c lower than

19 av

\‘Veonesday; 50@600 higher than last
week. Best lambs, $7.10@7.15; fair to
good lambs, $6@6.50; light to common

lambs,.$4@4.50; spring lambs, $7658; fair
to good sheep, $3.75@4.15; culls and com-
mon, $2.50fd3.

Bishop, B. & H. sold Newton B. Co.
11 spring lambs av 43 at $7.40, 3 do av
40 at $7.40; to Nagle P. Co. 554 lambs av
76 at $7; to Sullivan I’. Co. 4 sheep nv
115 at $3, 9 do av 135 at $3.25, 19 lambs
av 105 at $6.75, 7 do av 68 at $6.50, 4 do
av 95 at $3.50, 47 do av 80 at $7; to Mich.
B. Co. 68 do av 83 at $7, 11 sheep av 120
at $3.75; to Bray 5 do av 120 at $3, 40 do
av 95 at $4.15; to Parker, XV. & Co. 96
lambs av 69 at $7.25, 4 sheep av 107 at
$3.50; to Newton B. Co. 42 lambs av 65
at $7, 6 sheep av 90 at $3.75; to Bray 14
do av 92 at $4: to Mich. B. Co. 124 lambs
av 65 at $7.15, 24 sheep av 80 at $3.50.

Spicer & R; sold Sullivan P. Co. 26
lambs av 75 at $6, 1 sheep weighing 90 at
$4.50, 1 do weighing 130 at $3.50; to Mich.
B. Co. 9 spring lambs av 50 at $8.35; to
Hayes 20 lambs av 60 at $5; to Fitzpat-
rick Bros. 91 do av 73 at $6.60; to Young
49 do av 50 at $6; to Eschrich 20 sheep
av 95 at $4; to Barlage 49 do av 73 at $4.

Haley & M. sold Breitenbeck 49 lambs
av 85 at $6.

Sharp sold Mich. B. Co. 42 lambs av
80 at $6.50.

Stephens sold Newton B. Co. 19 spring
lambs av 48 at $7 50.

Bennett & S. sold same 109 lambs av
75 at $7.10.

Dancer &. K. sold Thompson 16 sheep
av 80 at $3.75, 38 lambs av 75 at $6.25.

Hogs.

Receipts, 4,713. Market 5@1.0c higher
than last Thursday.

Range of prices: Light to good butch-

ers, :6 6.05; pigs, $6.05@6.10; light york—
ers, 6 6.05; heavy, $5.85@6.
Spicer & R. sold Parker, W. & Co. 830

av 180 at $6.05.
$6I(-)l.5aley & M. sold same 715 av 180 at

Sundry shippers sold same 275 av 190
$6.05.

Roe Com. Co. sold Sullivan P. Co. 555
av 190 at $6.05, 325 av 210 at $6.
CBislliclipé B. simH. tsolscé Hammond, S. 8:

o. , av a , 1,020
$6.05, 315 av 210 at $6. av 180 at

at

 

Friday's Market.
Ma 19, 1911.
Cattle.
week, 841;
steady at

Receipts this
1,435. Market
prices.

\‘fe quote: Best steers and heifers,
$5.75@6; steers and heifers, 1,000 to 1,200
$5.25Cri‘550; steers and heifers. 800 to
1,000, $4.75fil5.25; steers and heifers that
are fat, 500 to 700, $4.50@5.15; choice
fat cows, $4.50Gt4.75; good fat cows, $3.75
(074.25; common cows, $3603.50; canners,
$250603: choice heavy bulls, $4.50@4.85;
fair to good bolognas bulls, $4654.25; stock
bulls, $3633.75; choice feeding steers, 800
to 1,000, $4.50@5.25; fair feeding steers,
800 to 1.000, $4694.50; choice stockers, 500
to 700. $4@4.60; fair stockers, 500 to 700.
$3.50@4; stock heifers, $3@3.25; milkers,
large, young, medium age, $40@55; com-
mon milkers, $25@35.

Veal Calves.

Receipts this week, 1,626; last week,
1,658. Market 25c lower than on Thurs-
day. Best, $7: others, $4.50@6.50.

Milch cows and springers steady.

Sheep and Lambs.

Receipts this week, 2,846;
2,864. Lambs were 25c higher; others
steady. Best lambs, $6.50; fair to good
lambs, $5.75@6.25; light to common lambs
$3.50@4.75; spring lambs, $6.50@8; fair~to
good sheep, $3.75@4.25; culls and com-
mon, $2.50@3.

‘iast week,
Thursday’s

last week,

Hogs.

Receipts this week, 6,640; last week,
8,044. Market steady to Sc lower than on
Thursday. Range of prices: Light to good
butchers, $6.20@6.25; pigs, $6.25: light
rowers. , $$.zo.@,6-2.5:. . heavy.., 36.1561620-

- loading. it: .911. hair . ,Of. mane, and-2 tail; your.

Colorado expects to show a wool clip of
more than 25,000,000 pounds this'season,
while Utah will have about that amount.
Wyoming and Montana will double that
amount, and Idaho will have a large clip
to sell. Most of the clip, it is understood,
will be sent out on consignment.

VETERINARY.—

 

(Continued from page 578).

later relapsed and after lingering for sev-
eral weeks died. Now this spring one of
my cows passed bloody urine soon after
a run in pasture, but she seems to be re-
covering nicely. If you can tell what
will prevent the other cattle from taking
this disease, please do so. M. J. M., Mio.
Mich—Red water is a condition where
either blood or the coloring of the blood
passes through the kidneys. It is often
the result of an injury, eating poor feed,
poisonous plants, calculi in either kidney
onbladder, or it may result from eating
pmsonous plants or taking irritating
drugs. \V. H. P., Springfield—If red
water is caused from eating poor food.
give the animal plenty of rich food: if
caused by calculi, crush it, or it may be
caused by Texas fever. When an animal
commences to pass red water try to study
out the cause and if possible remove it.

Bruised Udder—Mammitis.—I have a
cow that is an extra good milkcr and
most of the time gives large mess of
milk, but her yield is not always regular.
Our local Vet. removed a portion of her
udder and she healed up nicely. A. S.,
Morley, Mich—Your cow bruises her ud-
der occasionally and if avoided she will
have no more trouble. Hot or cold ap-
plications give the best results in cases
of that kind: salt her food well and give
her two tablespoonfuls of powdered char—
coal at a dose in feed twice daily.

Poor Milk—My cow calved April 17th
and before then her milk was seemingly
rich; since then she gives plenty, but it
appears to contain_ less butter-fat and
I would like to know what to give her.
F. O. H., Grand Rapids, Mich—The qual-
ity of milk a well cow gives cannot be
changed much. However, I suggest a
change of feed and salting her well.

Liver Disease—Goiti'e.—I have a flock
of 50 ewes which were bred to registered
Shropshire buck last fall; the first lambs
came April 1 and some 60 in all from the

50 ewes were born during this month;
only 13 are now living. These lambs
lived from two to 12 hours each. I had

a local Vet. make an examination after
death; he found a spot or small abscess
on their liver and on some a bunch on
lower part of neck (the size of an apple)
but no pus in it. In former years I have
seldom lost more than two or three lambs
in one season. My ewes have had good
care and were well fed; they seemed to
be in good health. My neighbors tell me
the lambs died the result of their moth—
ers eating acorns, which may be true,
for these ewes ran on “oak grub” pasture
all winter; however, my flock have had
the run of this pasture before. C. E. C..
Whitehall, Mich—I do not believe that
eating acorns caused the death of your
lambs and they may have died from liver

disease; however, I doubt it. The cold,
damp weather was responsible for their
death. Had you kept the lambs warm

and dry for a few days after birth fewer
of them would have died. Your experi-
ence corresponds with other sheep breed—
ers this last spring. They do not die
from goitre.

Turkeys Have Bowel 'l‘i'ouble.——My tur-
keys are having bowel trouble; their
movements are green and thin; they be-
come droopy and very weak, also lose
their appetite. I have fed them cracked
corn and other feed. Mrs. A. McC., So.
Branch, Mich.—~Dissolve a dessertspoonful
of citrate of iron in one gallon of water
and allow them to drink from it when
they are thirsty; also give each bird one
grain subnitrate of bismuth at a dose
once or twice a day. Lime water will
help them; it is made by dissolving lime
in water and as the water absorbs only
so much and no more of the lime it can-
not be made too strong. A teaspoonful
is a dose for one bird and it should be
given twice daily.

Knuckling—Curb.—I have a horse that
knuckles on fetlock joint and bwould
is ant.

also like to know what a curb

where it is usually situated. W. .l. 13.,
()tia, Mich—A weak condition of liga-
ments of fetlock joints is what causes

knuckling: however. conformation has a
whole lot to do with it. A straight up-
right pastern always predisposes a horse
to cock ankles. A curb is u sprain of a
short ligament situated on back part of
hock joint. Apply a light blister coin-
posed of one part rod iodide mercury and
ten parts cerate of cantharides; this will
help both cases.

Sand Crack—J have a seven—year—old
mare that is lame in both front feet. Last
summer she was lame for six weeks; our
Vet. treated her and had horseshoer re-
lieve heels of pressure and she went
sound. This spring she is lame again
and travels lender when shod same as
last year. She is sound with the excep-
tion of cracks between hoof and hair on.
both sides of hoof. M. S. IC.. Schoolcraft,
Mich—Apply one part carbolic acid and
ten parts vascline lo cracks once a day;
cover cracks with oakum and light ban-
dage while horse is in stable.

Colt Chews Mother’s Mane and Tail.~
I have. a colt one month old that seems
hearty. in good flesh, growing nicely, but
has commenced to chew the mane, and
tail of his mother. I am working the
mother every day, she is fed ground oats,
cottonseed meal, oil meal and ear corn,
with a good allowance of mixed bay. The
colt this mare had last year ate quite a
portion of the mother’s mane and tail,
and did not thrive afterwards until it
was weaned. G. D. M., Chai‘levoix,
Mich—If you will apply one part kero-
sene and six parts soapsuds, or one part
coal tar disinfectant and 15 parts water,

 

as) 557

colt will perhaps leave the hair of mane
and tail alone. One part fluid extract
capsicum and four parts sweet oil applied
occasionally will prevent him from chew-
ing hair off: mane and tail.

Nasal .Catarrh.—l have a 12-year-old
mare that has had nasal trouble ever
since I clipped her in March. She showed
some sickness soon after I took her coat
off, ‘was very chilly during cool, damp
weather after clipping and breathes hard,
has a cough which has not yielded to
treatment. B. F., Milford, Mich—Give
two tablespoonfuls powdered licorice, a.
teaspoonful of muriate ammonia and a
teaspoonful of ground nux vomica at a
dose in feed two or three times a day.

Suppurating Head—My 11-year-old
horse had a gathering in head last win-
ter; blood and matter came from left
nostril for about a week or ten days.
The discharge comes mostly from left
nostril; however, there is some from
right. I might add that the discharge is
odorless. There is some discharge from
his ears. This horse has a good appe—
tite and appears to be in a thrifty con-
dition. D. 0., Elmira, Mich—Give 15
grs. quinine and 1 oz. hpyosulphite soda
at a dose twice a day. Also give a tea—
spoonful of powdered sulphate iron in
feed two or three times a day. The dis-
charge will perhaps cease after he has
run on grass a few weeks.

Shoulder Lameness—Heifer Does Not
Come in Heat—I come to you again for
advice regarding ‘one of my horses that
is lame in right shoulder; when walking
he drags toe and is altogether too lame
to be used. also have a fine two-year-
old heifer that has not yet come in heat
but she seems healthy every other way.
R. W. 1)., Honor, Mich—Apply cerate of
cantharides to shoulder once a week;
this will blister lightly and make the
shoulder muscles stronger. Give your
heifer 15 grains powdered cantharides at
a dose in feed twice a day.

Garget.——A two-year—old heifer came
fresh the latter part of March; had cak-
ed bag and two teats became blocked. I
applied turpentine and lard, which re—
duced cake and I opened two front tests
with a knitting needle. The calf sucked
her for a few weeks which I think did
her udder no harm. M. K. 0., Bay Shore,
Mich.—~llse a milking tube, instead of
needle and apply iodine ointment to ud-
der three times a week. Also give her
1 dr. iodide potassium at a dose in feed
night and morning. Also give 1 oz. pow—
dered nitrate potash at a dose one» a
day for four or live days. Your other
cow that has caked bag which has not
yet come fresh will be. relievod by milk—
ing the udder one-quarter empty iwice
daily until she comes fresh, then milk her
three times a day.

Bleeding Polypus—Aldvery time my cow
is served she discharges- blood and fails
to get with calf and I would like to know
how to treat her. M. 8., Rosebush, Mich.
———Dissolve 3 025. of alum in half gallon
of water and wash out vagina thoroughly
once a day for a few days, then weaken
this lotion by adding double quantity of
water and continue using it daily.

Parasitic Bowel Trouble—One-fourth of
my chickens died after a sickness last—
ing from our; to three weeks; the bowel
movements are yellow, and the chickens
appear to be too weak to walk. C. (1.,
Saline, Mich—Give each chicken one
gram of powdered sulphate iron at a
dose. daily. Their food should be well
salted. I suggest that you clean and dis—
infect your hen coups, using whitewash
freely and kerosene to roosting poles
Their drinking water should be clean and
food supply as Wholesome as possible.

FARMS Allll mm [inns
in SALE on exams:

c l'f ‘ ' d0 .
939.952.455.561?2.595165
Booklet. IE. 1". onion. 'dbm‘r.’N.%. Gilli? i'iefi'o, N223

when you can buy
the Best Land in
Michigan at from
$6 to $10 an acre

near Saginaw and Bay City. Write for ma d -
ticulnrs. Clear title and easy terms. Stu el‘dnBro‘lf.
)owners) 15 Merrill Bldg , Saginaw. “K S. Michigan.

M I N N E s o T km “on... a...

. . Compiled by State.
Accurate Information about, price of lands in. and
products of each county. 2.000.000 Acres Horne-
stcad Lands. Farm Lnborcni Wanted. Forms
for item. Address STATE BOARD OF IMMI-
GRA FION. Room 269, State Capitol, St. Paul, Minn.

‘ ——80-ACRE FA RM, about 5 acres ti -
[‘0R SAL her, balance nll plow lnnd. Soil 01'le
loom,_ two apple orchards and other fruit, largo
colonial house. lurlze burn and other buildings. near
1’. M. ll L. station 54 mile to school, church, store
undgrist mill. Only four miles from cityof Bolding
14mm 00.. Mich. Price $6,250. I also have a epl \ndid
Igi-ucre garm, (figm‘buildings and fruit at $7500
«are arm, no ocution, and b 'l ' 'ood-

land. Price $6 500. Write or sego m dings. g
W. l“. BRICKER. Belding, Michigan.

A Soulhern-Minnesola Farm

is your best, investment. We have a few we ‘

farms that are the best. bargains in this colilnltllil‘ymlfdi-
member, they are ill a well settled community. with
schools, churches. fine transportation. plenty oi; rain-
fall, good soil. and best. markets. State which vou
prefer. dairyi us, live stock raising,or general farming

SOUTHWESTERN LAND C0.,

126 Jackson St... Mankato, Blue Earth County. Minn.
Marshall. Lyon 00., Minn. “Live Agents Wanted."

200 Acres $2,800.
Personal Property included

Splendid home and monov-mnking farm within easy
walking distance of railroad station. stores, churches
and schools. mail delivered. nearly all land tillable.
cuts 40 tons hay, keeps 17 cows in brook watered
pasture, large quantity of bench and maple wood: 50
)arrels apples in season: young orchard of peach.
pear and grapes. land rolling well drained. fenced
With wire and board. 2-story l‘.’-room house. 28x36
barn. horse stable and other outbuildings, must he
sold to settleestato and if taken now will include
We no. machinery. liens and small tools. all for
$2. . part cash. For details. and picture of beauti-
i'ul residence see page 29 Strout's Farm Catalogue No.
34. Just out. (Joni roe. .Station 101. E. A. STROUT,.
|IJnion Bank Bull ing, Pittsburg, Pa. . , ..

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


7

THE MICHIGAN FARM-ER.

 

 

 

 

 

 

a

Woman 3113 Her Nccdc

_ MfimW.--mr-m'.v>wms~ a”, ...... ,, i . ..

 

 

 

 

At Home and Elucwlj ere

 

ON THE YOUTHFULNESS OF OLD FOLKS.

AVE you noticed the great devel-
H opment of the quality of “holding

on" which our modern old men
and women possess? It is awfully trying
to some of the younger ones, who want
to get the fat places themselves, to see
some old person calmly keep right on
working and enjoying life, but after all,
isn‘t it a most worthy trait in the work—
er? For my part, while I grit my teeth
every time I see some of the writings of
the women who were famous when I
stepped out of the cradle, but who still
keep right on sending out manuscrips
and getting back checks, I can’t help ad:
miring the pluck and perseverance which
keeps them young at an age when their
mothers would have been dozing in a
chimney corner, with no interest in life
aside from counting their gramlchildren's
toes.

Three cheers for the modern old folks,
I say. \Vhat if the women do overdo it
sometimes by wearing over much false
hair and too little skirt? At least, the
spirit of keeping alive and abreast with
modern progress is there, and that is of
itself worthy of praise.

* * *
The grandmothers and grandfathers
now are so different, from the ones I
remember as a child. I have in mind one
of the old sort, a man, who, when I was
ten years old. I thought must be 1:30 or
so. Looking back now, I suppose he was
not more than (:5 years old, but he had
all the earmarks of a couple of centuries.
His beard was of the patriarchal variety,
his back was bent. his walk a shu'flie
and his speech an inarticulato mumble.
Indeed, by means of disuse, he had al-
most lost the faculty of speech and often
simply pointed at things to which he
wished to call attention.

Do not make the mistake of thinking
it was hard work that aged him. It was
no work at all which brought about his
decay, mental and physical. \\'hcn about
50 years old he retired in favor of his
son. He not only gave up all financial
interest in everything, but all personal
interest as well, and stating that he had
earned a rest, he proceeded to take it.
From that time on he did nothing, abso-
lutely nothing. lie sat on the sunny
porch in summer, and by the warm fire-
side in winter, from morn until night,
and didn’t even shufiie out to meals un-
less he felt so disposed. The result, of
course, was senility.

1.: III I

Of course, he was exceptional even in
those days, for very few people in any
period of time want to get out of life
while still living. But the tendency of
a generation ago was to stop work when
the grandchildren appeared on the scene,
'lrandmother might wash the dishes and
grandfather bring in the wood, but they
were popularly supposed to be too anti-
quated for any further use or helpful-
ness.

Thank God, grandfather and grand-
mother in' this new century have differ—
ent ideas. They insist on living as long
as they are above ground and they are
shrewd enough to know that the only
way to do it is to keep hold of things
themselves. And how they do hold on,
and how wise they are to do it! They
seem to realize that “Satan finds some
mischief still, for idle hands to do,” ap-
plys just as well to old hands as to young
ones, so they keep busy. And it is that
which keeps them young and well and
happy, and, best of all. keeps them with
us. If you are just itching to have fath-
er step down and let you step up, pause,
reflect that, after all, he made that place
and it belongs to him. He is just as
much a factor in the scheme of things in
the eyes of the One who created him as
you are, and he has every right to stick
tight as long as he lives. If you want
a place in the world, get out and make
one for yourself. Don’t sit around home

 

 

 

 

 

 

% n

 

and hint to father about his increasing
years and need of a rest.
DEBORAH.

DOILY IN RUSSIAN SPOKE STITCH.

 

 

 

BY ELMA IONA LOCKE.

Begin with the curved-spoke wheel in
the center. \\'ind the thread ten times
around the fore—finger, work on the ring
thus formed, 24 double crochets. Now,
make a curved spoke, as follows:

Chain 12, take a. loop around the chain
close to the needle, thread over, draw
through the loop (but not through the
stitch on the needle), make 24 loops over
the chain, draw the thread through next
double crochet of ring, thread over, draw
through all the stitches on the needle.
This makes one spoke. Draw up the
thread to curve the spoke slightly, and
keep the stitch on the needle idle until
called for.

Draw the thread through the next
double crochet and make six'chain, draw
the last chain through the idle stitch on
the needle, chain six again. Now, fill up
this chain as directed for the first spoke,
making 12 loops around each six chain.

lepcat the directions for this second

down tight, so that the spoke bends down
to the foundation, draw thread through
next space of arm and through the stitch
on the needle, remove the needle from
the last stitch and insert it in the end
of spoke, at the corner, take up the
stitch again and draw it through there,
this rounds off the corner.

Repeat around the arm, a picot for
each two spaces (lacking one in inner
curve), 12 in all, for each arm. In mak-
ing the second and succeeding arms, in
the middle of the second picot, catch
into the middle of the fourth picot of the
preceding arm.

CARE OF THE WINTER CLOTHING.

BY MRS. N. M. RUSHING.

The time to .pack away our winter
clothing is at last at hand, and the care
with which this is done will make all
the difference in the World in their ap-
pearance when we come to bring them
forth for wear another winter.

XVinter hats need special care. They
should be well brushed of all dirt, wrap-
ped and pinned neatly and closely in
tissue paper, care being taken that the
plumes lie naturally and not twisted out
of shape, and that the trimming is not
wrinkled or mussed. Place a. quantity of
black pepper in the bottom of the box,

 

Russian Spoke Stitch Doily.

spoke until there are twelve spokes in
the wheel, make six chain up the back
of first spoke, and draw through idle
stitch to fasten.

Do not cut the thread, but chain 25,
turn, and work on the back of chain, two
double crochet in each of nine stitches,
one double crochet in each ‘of the re-
maining stitches of chain; fasten at the
base of the chain. Slip stitch in outer
point of end of spoke, one chain, turn,
one treble, two chain, in every second
stitch of arm t1,treble, 2 chain), five
times in the end (miss "two stitches one
treble in the next), four times, without
any chain between trebles; (two chain,
miss two, one treble in the next), three
times, fasten to the center of outer part
of next spoke, three chain, fasten be-
tween spokes (leaving chain on the
wrong side), five chain, fasten between
next two spokes, 25 chain, and proceed
as for first arm. There should be six
arms around wheel.

XVork around arms with picot-spoke
stitch, as follows: Make a spoke of sev-
en chain, with 12 loops around chain,
draw thread through the first space of
arm, thread over, draw thread through
all the loops on the needle, and draw

cover with paper, and after placing
the hat carefully in the box, cover, wrap
up in paper and put away on a shelf
in the closet, or some other place where
nothing can bother. Hats cared for in
this way will be fresh and nice for an-
other winter, while one stored away in
a drawer, to be handled and crushed, will
not be fit to wear. '

Furs should never be packed away in
a warm place. The cooler they are, kept
the better for them. All the large fur
houses keep their fur rooms almost at
freezing temperature all summer. Furs
simply shaken and whipped and then
hung away in some cool closet, where
they may be taken down, shaken and
whipped and examined during the sum-
mer, will look much better than when
packed away.

With only a little precaution one can
keep the closets and packing cases clear
of moths. The free use of black pepper,
turpentine and cedar boughs soon exter-
minates these pests. Last summer I
bought one dozen antiseptic nest eggs,
which were warranted to kill mites, lice
and other vermin, and keep the hens in
good condition. They did more than this,
for we found that the eggs laid, absorbed

the odor until they were unfit to eat. But
we made use of these eggs in our pack-
ing cases in the place of moth balls, and
found them to answer every purpose ex-
cept that they were rather too odor—
iferous.

Winter underwear and woolen clothing
should be thoroughly cleaned, mended,
aired and packed in boxes and covered
with papers before the box is closed, and
if black pepper has been scattered in the
bottom of the box and between the gar-
ments they will always be found in good
condition when they are wanted for use
again.

Of course, some women may not wish
to preserve these older clothes, but I
learned when I was first married that it
was worth money to save all such cloth-
ing, and make it go as far as possible.
Not every farm woman can get a new
hat every fall, there-fore, the old one
must be preserved, and it can be done
and will look just about as well the sec-
ond winter as it did the first.

The husband will also have his winter
hat to be stored away and the last sum-
mer straw hat to be got out, and if too
soiled for Sunday use, brushed up for
every day use. \Vith the proper care
they will go much farther than when
they are just hung up somewhere. The
winter pants, winter coats, shirts, etc,,
must all be looked after. It is much
nicer to have all the winter wear stored
away where the moths will not bother
than, to have them hanging on the walls
where they are catching all the dust
that is flying, and hanging on' a nail
*draws them out of shape. Let a heavy
winter coat‘ hang up on a, pal all sum-

'mer, and it will never look-real tidy

again, even though it be of good mate-
rial. It will draw out of shape and will
not look nice. For instance, take a. nice
heavy winter skirt, and every housewife
surely knows how much nicer it ,is to
have it nicely folded and packed away,
than to have it hanging on the wall.

HOW MEN MAY HELP.

BY ELLA E. ROCKWOOD.

No self-respecting woman possessed of
good health wishes to be waited on hand
and foot by her husband, or her sons.
\Vhen a man comes in, tired from his
day’s work, he doesn’t like to be asked
to add to his labors by doing the house—
work, any more than a woman would like
such an addition to her portion. To oc-
casionally ask for assistance is well
enough, and no reasonable man will ob-
ject. Such jobs as bringing water from
the well and keeping the hot water tank
and the woodbox filled certainly fall
.within the bounds of such a ruling. If
there is no one to assist the house-
mother, she will appreciate even further
assitance and should receivedt.

There are, however, a. number of ways
sometimes overlooked, by which the men
folks may help to save steps and lighten
the housewife’s duties. For example,
a thoughtful man on entering the house,
will not fail to stop outside the door to
remove from his shoes as much as pos-
sible of the adhering dirt. A little thing,
to be sure, yet how it saves in the use
of broom and dustpan, especially when
there are two or three men or boys in
the family.

Another way careful men help is by
picking up their belongings instead of
leaving them strewn abut the room after
the manner of some unthinking ones. To
hang articles of clothing Where they be-
long, to put away others in drawers, to
place shoes where they should go instead
of leaving them where they were taken
off, how much this helps the busy house-
mother.

If every man and boy would stop one
moment on rising in the morning to open
the window of his sleeping room and throw
the bedclothes over the foot of the bed
it would be another move in the right
direction. Then, when the time comes
to make the beds they would be already

 

  
  
 

 

 

 

 


 

 

  

 

MAY 27. 1911'.

aired and save the housemother one trip
upstairs. »

In some families the men and boys re-
quire a great deal of waiting on. If they
are getting ready to go away any place
mother is called to lend assistance a
dozen times before they get started. She
must button a collar or fasten a tie. She
it, is'who is expected to locate stray
handkerchiefs, socks and shirts which
other hands than hers have mislaid, or
which are not mislaid at all. This, from
strong, ablebodied men who ought to be
able to dress themselves. I have known
women who had to half dress their hus-
bands, aside from getting themselves
ready when making a trip to town or
preparing for a visit to a neighbor’s
home. Possibly there are one or more
little folks to be made ready also. or
course',’ these women have only them—
selves to blame for such a state of af-
fairs. In their efforts to assist they have
unconsciously gotten the men folks into
a very bad habit, while, as a matter of
fact, they are perfectly able to dress
without assistance if left to themselves.

THE SUNDAY DINNER.

 

Cream of Almond Soup
Hanoverian Steak
Creamed Onions
Lettuce Salad
Strawberry Pie

Potato Puff

Cream of Almond Soup—Add one cup
of blanched almonds to one quart of
scaldeu cream and let simmer a. half hour.
Strain and serve. Salt to suit. To blanch
the almonds, drop first in hot water, then
in cold. If the skins do not come off eas-
ily, repeat the process until they can be
remoyed.

gHanoverian Steak—Chop a piece of
lean beef, about a pound and a half. off
the sirloin, if convenient, line in a meat
grinder. Add a tablespoonful of salt and
half a teaspoonful of pepper. Form the
meat into flat cakes, rub them with melt-
ed butter and broil four minutes on each
side. Put one ounce of butter in a frying
pan on the stove, add half a cupful of
finely chopped onion and cook without
browningfor six minutes. Then add four
large tomatoes peeled and cut into small
pieces. Season highly with salt and pep-
per, using about one-half teaspoonful of
salt and. one-fourth teaspoonful of pep-
per. Add also half a teaspoonful of sugar
and cook'ten minutes. After arranging
the steak on a platter, pour the sauce
ever them and serve.

Potato Putt—Beat until creamy two
cups of mashed potatoes, a little salt, two
tablespoons of melted butter. Stir into
this two eggs, well beaten, and six table-
spoons of cream. Pile lightly on a baking
dish and bake until light brown in color.

.Creamed Onions—Select small onions
of uniform size and boil until tender in
salted, boiling water to cover, with the
cover of the saucepan removed. When
tender, pour off the water and pour over
the onions a white sauce made after the
usual method.

Lettuce Salad.~—VVash and drain the
lettuce and chill thoroughly. If you have
no ice, chill by leaving a half-hour in
cold water, then dry quickly between
two towels, lay two or three leaves on
top of one another, roll them up and cut
in shreds with a sharp knife or scissors.

Blend olive oil and lemon juice in
the proportion of one tablespoonful
of olive oil to two of lemon juice.
and salt and pepper to taste, and

toss the lettuce in this until every bit is
touched with the dressing. Heap in lit—
tle mounds on the salad plates and gar—
nish with rings of hard—boiled egg.

Strawberry Pie—Bake a shell as for
lemon‘ or cream pie. Heap with freshly
picked and washed berries, cover with a
meringue and brown slightly.

0U R LETTE R BOX.

Make Work Easy by Songs.

‘Editor Household Department—In an-
swer to Mrs. F. L. S.’s query. concerning
what to do about dishwashing, would ad-
vise her to be persistent with her little
girls but not to punish nor force them.
There is where I believe the trouble
comes in that, the, majority of girls de-
spise: dishwashing so much. Rather help
them along, teach them by example.
Children generally like to imitate their
elders. Draw their attention to the dif—
ference in dishes that are.clean and shiny
and those that are rough and sticky
when put on the table. Remember, we
are teachers.
use. for instance. the pupil In, the

 

 

schoolroom, he does not expect to be-
come perfect in reading or writing in
one day nor one week. But keep steadily
at it. The teacher must have a great
deal of patience and show the pupils over
and over again. So we, as mothers, have
to exercise patience in teaching our chil-
dren, especially dishwashing, the much
despised art that is looked upon by most
girls as the most disagreeable task in
the list of household duties.

I knew two girls. who. when they began
to wash dishes, began to sing some
cheerful songs and thus enliven the work
and also shorten it. The mother was
always on hand to help gather the dishes;
the cups and saucers, knives and forks
and teaspoons were gathered by them-
selves; all leavings cleaned off the plates
and dishes, then a pan of good hot wat-
er and soap, a rinsing pan and, above
all, clean dish towels, were brought. One
can not do a good job at dishwashing
with dirty towels. Those girls have
grown up and really love the task. but
under no consideration could you get
them to put their hands into a pan of
cold. greasy dish water. So I would say
again, to Mrs. F. L. 8.. be persistent,
but in kindness, and I am sure you will
be well repaid—From a Mother Who
Knows.

P. S.——Would like to know if any of the
readers of the Michigan Farmer know
how to treat Chinese sacred lilies after
blooming?

Editor Household Departmentz—I am
a reader of the Michigan Farmer and
enjoy it very much. I have been anxious
to see if some of the Sister Farmers
woulu not tell me how to clean stove
pipes after burning soft coal. What can
I burn in them to take out the sticky
soot?——A Subscriber.

Two Little Love and Too Much Scold.

Editor Household Department: Just
recently the article in March 4 Farmer,
signed by M. N. E.. has come to my no-
tice. The title was, “Train Children to
Assume Responsibility,” and while there
is a deal of truth in the writer’s senti-
ments there is a paragraph or two I
would criticise, if you will allow me
space, hoping he may still be reading the
household department. Being personally
acquainted with t‘ e family he alludes to,
of "spoiled. selfish" children, I can say
they have I‘l‘éw grown to be men and
women of the true industrious stamp that
make the best citizens and happiest
homes of our great commonwealth.

There is a happy medium which, when
found, is the blessed state of perfect
love, obedience, authority, trust, respon-
sibility, etc., all pressed together to make
the model home, but where one such ex-
ists, ow vastly many more do we find
where either too much indulgence reigns
or too much severity.

What I want to say is, of the two evils
choose the less which. in my opinion, is
too much love rather than not enough.

To return to the family in question. I
would like you all to be acquainted with
the. dear, loving and lovable old lady
whose heart is full of sympathy and
charity for all, whose smile, warms all
the world about her, and whose charac-
ter, principles and religious experiences
are beyond criticism. Her eight children
still feel as in childhood, that to injure
the sensitive feelings of the little mother
would be a. greater disgrace than many
a more public offence. So much is this
mother alive (wonder that it is). that
even yet if she can escape the eyes of
others she brings a small pail of water
or a few sticks of wood, and be proud
of her ability to do so at the age of
seventy-seven.

I do not say that a. mother cannot be
too unselfish, but I personally know many
are not unselfish enough. The effect of
true mother love cannot be overestimat-
ed and it is doing more toward elevating
the lives of America's men and women
than the rod and scold have ever done.
And as for the dear father of this fam-
ily, I just want to say he did not “jaw,"
but kindly called the attention of his
children to the right path—~the one he
trod—and simply expected them to walk
therein. '

Many have no such rich inheritance
as these children have, who would gladly
exchange fame or fortune for such a.
golden memory—M. L. C.

 

 

FASHION’S FANCIES.

Elastic belts are quite in favor, as are
belts of suede and satin. The suede
comes in black or tan, while black satin
is principally shown.

The old-fashioned "circular comb” of
our childhood is back. only instead of)
being a comb it is simply a fillet to be

 

. THE MICHIGAN FARMER.

worn back of the pompadour. A popular
style is a narrow band set with imita-
tion gems, brilliants and corals being
much used. Holes are in the ends of the
band, through which hairpins are slipped
and the band pinned to the hair.

The new bags are shaped like those we
wore a decade ago, fastened to our belt,
but very much larger. They are of
brown and black suede, black satin, or
satin of any color. A heavy cord with
tassels is provided for carrying them.

Bordered muslins and foulards are still
popular.

Advance fashion notes from the east
predict that the fall skirts will be pleated
again, so beware of getting too many
tight skirts. The gowns for this summer
with overskirts, show a pleated skirt be-
neath. One authority claims that a skirt
13 yards around the bottom is about to
be forced upon suffering femininity.

 

 

GET RID OF FLIES.

Children may help to keep flies from
swarming in and around houses, and
from carrying germs of sickness from
one person to another. In the first
place, they should not buy candy, fruit
or other food which is left in front of
stores or anywhere else where files may
feed and walk on it. Flies lay their eggs
chiefly in stable manure, and if this is
left without screens or other covers to
keep the flies away, great numbers will
be batched in every stable. If you know
of stores where food is not covered from
files, or of stables that have swarms of
them around, write to- the board of
health about them, and the board will
make the store—keepers or stablemen
obey its rules. But before you report
other people for being careless and dirty
and so making it possible for files to
become a nuisance, be sure that your
own house is clean. and that no garbage-
cans or boxes are left uncovered to at-
tract flies—The Merchants’ Association’s
Committee of New York.

MICHIGAN FARMER PATTERNS.

 

These patterns may be obtained from
the Michigan Farmer office at the price
named. Be sure to give pattern number
and size.

 

 

 

in .
inches bust measure.
Size 36 requires 23;. yards 36 inches wide;

No. 5359—Ladies’ Yoke Waist—Cut

six sizes, 32 to 42
1/2 yard 18—inch all-over. Price, 10 cents.
No. 4733—Chiidren's Double—breasted
Coat—Five sizes, 2 to 10 years. For six
years it requires 21;. yards 44 inches wide.
Price, 10 cenis.
No. 4531—Ladies’

sizes, 32 to 42 inches bust measure. For
36 bust it requires 15;; yards of 15-inch
ilouncing for corsetcover, 21,; yards 24-

inch flouncing for petticoat, with 7,15 yard
material 36 inches wide for yoke. Price,
10 cents.

No. 4539—Giris’ Dress—Four sizes, 6 to
12 years. For eight years it requires 41,4;
yards 27 inches wide. Price, 10 cents.

No. 1252—Girls' Petticoat—Nine sizes,
4 to 12 years. For eight years it requires
21,4 yards of fiouncing 16 inches wide, with
% yards material 36 inches wide; of one
material, 2% yards 36 inches wide. Price,
10 cents.

She Cans Beet Greene.

Has anyone ever tried canning beet
greens? It would be impossible to tell
the difference between canned and fresh
cooked ones—Mrs. S. C. (Could you send
in your method?—-Ed.)

 

 

 

Combinations—Six

 

  

(17)

589

 

USE A PORTABLE

BOSS OVEN

Will! PM GLASS DOOR

on your stove or range, either oil,
gasoline, acetylene, alcohol or goo.

No more spoiled baking: or Worry— No
more wasted heat—No more jarring or
chilling of oven. Housewives can I69
their baking without 0 ning door. Econ-
omy and convenience {Stu guaranteed in
the BO$3~R polished blued steel oven
lined with tin and asbestos.

 

 

 

i

F”

flu,”

\

"I
i

Ill ,

 

is guaranteed not to break from .
heat becauseitissccured by our patented 11:14"
ingpressure retaining strips which permit .expan-
slon and contraction. Glass oorfiu snug] in one-
piece beadedirontmnd is held tightlym p e with
two turnbuckles, preventing escape of heat.

Baking qualifies and ventilation superior to any .
other oven or ran c. All heat goes :1 htmto the
0 en bottom, andis perfectly dis tribute to all parts
ol’the even by means of our patented Beat Deflec-
tor. Flame always visible through small mica
windows. With the 3085 a baking costs. 125:
than a cent. Itwillmany times over pay or dulf
in saved baking: to say nothing of saved uel.

Ask YOUR Dealer to show you the 8055
Glass Door Oven. INSI ST upon seeing the name
"BOSS" stamped in the front of Oven. Then
you know that it is genuine and guaranteed.

FREE'O‘“ Vlluable Recipe Book containing
' men cookery help- nnd full description

 

“-10: B . Ovensi 53?: FREE on recalpt of
n Y m. K V our own In our
W's names and addresses. y v

THE KUENEFELD C0. 2731 Serial Grove Ave- Cincinnali,0

OWNS

The correct
amaterial for cotton
' house gowns is
[universally con-
ceded to be the
high quality, al-
ways dependable

cific
a erceles

(Fifty You: the Standard 1)

Each design is a clever
artistic creation so fascina-
ting to women of taste—
there’s a. pattern to suit
every occasion and every
taste in bright, strong, as

 

 

 

 

      
 
   
   
 
  

av w.”

l .,
» 4»
any)“ 'n":

well as refined tints. it is
nor wash out, because fifty
years of Pacific quality goes
_ The Pacific M ills
trade mark on every
guarantees this. Refuse the imitations, for
they disappoint. (10c and up a yard.)
write us for free samples and list of retailers
who will supply you.

the percale that won’t fade

into every y a. r d .

‘/( piece of the Si genuine

If your dealer doesn’t carry Pacific Percales,
PAClFlC MILLS - BOSTON, MASS.

 

Finale-"Iona!-
trnets and kill: all
flies. Neat, clean,

- - ornamental, conven-
» icnt.cheap. Luisa“
§ . eel-on. Can'tspiilor
. tip over, will not soil
or injure anything.
7 Guaranteed effect-
- _ ‘ ._ ,3 vs. 0! all denlcnor
v, ’ I, :f .L. , sent prepaid for 20c.
["9“ _ .‘ ,_ HAROLD SOME!!!
‘ .a.“ .- .1.“ A 1601M Kalb Ave.
-—="" “kw-w *v; ’ ‘ ' , Brooklyn. EX.

 

   

/{'c¢s Your (Mamie Dish
'2' H-c‘ Water Bag Lee» 7

  

 
 
 

than Phony m... Sample box, We. Quayle“ box, MW
clue. 56. postpald. Wonda'fiil opportunity for live Ipnta. Write node).
76. Amsterdam . Y

Collette Mtg. 00.

  
    

 

— . . l
Wholesale Fish Bargains sliiim’fiioil‘éi‘f
$1.75: 3-“). pail’Family White Fish. $1.25. Send for iii-h
catalog. SCANDIA "SH 00., Deal. 5, Duluth. Minn.
uSaw your Ad. in the

JUST SAY Michigan Farmer"

when writing to our Advertisers.

 

   


 

590 (18).

EHOMEANWOUTHi

AAAAMAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA A‘AA“

GRANDMOTHER’S LANTERNS.
BY FLOY s. ARMSTRONG.

It was a red-letter evening in the
House of VanLeuven and the entire
family—«grandfather, father, mother and
several younger VanLeuvens—had gath-
ered before the open wood fire in the
library to enjoy the occasion. Margaret.
the vivacious, sunny—faced girl of eight-
een, had that day returned from a long
visit to the old VanLeuven homestead,
situated in a distant part of the state,
and~it may as well be told—the family
was assembled to hear Margaret talk.
“The next best thing to taking a pleasure
trip yourself, is to let Margaret take it,”
Fred VanLeuven was wont to declare,
and everyone who knew his sister agreed
with him.

The girl possessed the happy faculty of
being able to extract much wholesome
pleasure from little things, and could re—
count experiences and describe places
and people most entertainingly.

She was at her best tonight, since the
subject in hand was of great interest to
everyone present.

“Yes, everything is the same,” Mar-
garet was saying in answer to a question
from Grandfather VanLeuven. “I’ve nev—
er seen a place like it. Nothing changes,
nothing wears out. nothing gets shabby
there; time seems to pass it by without
a glance. As true as I am telling you,
Aunt Martha is using the same draining
pan for her dishes that grandmother used
when I was a little girl; and the old
cocoanutshell soap dish stands in the left
hand corner of the kitchen sink, just as
it has for—how many years, grandfather?
Aunt Martha says that you made the
dish.”

“Nigh onto forty years,” answered the
old gentleman, with a. sigh of something
between satisfaction and homesickness.
"I used to put in rainy days tinkering at
handy things for the house and barn."

“How (lid you put in rainy days, Peg—
gy?” asked Fred, who, as a boy, had
spent his vacations at the old homestead
an was interested in every detail of
Mt garet’s visit there.

“Oh, the rainy days were the jolliest
days of all. I had the neighborhood girls
in for company, and Aunt Martha let us
pop corn and make fudge in the'kitchen,
and gave us the run of the garret and—
0, that reminds me! I found some real
heirlooms there; the queerest, dearest old
things you ever saw. They had been
tucked back under the rafters for ages,
I imagine, because Aunt Martha didn’t.
know a thing about them."

“What are they?” flashed several voices
in unison.

“\Vait until you‘ see them. Aunt Mar-
tha gave them to me and l brought them
home. She is certain that grandfather
knows where they came from and all
about them. You see, she isn’t a born
VanLeuvcn, so isn’t wise concerning our
ancestors and their belongings. I’m g0-
ing to have them enameled green at the
Art and Craft school, and use them for
incense burners. Wait! I’ll dig them out
of my trunk in a minute."

“\Vhich, the ancestors or the heir-
looms?” shouted Fred, above the hilarious
laughter of the party. But the enthusi-
astic Margaret did not hear; she was al-
ready half way up the stairs. She re-
turned presently, bearing in each hand
a round tin object about a foot and a half
in length, a foot and a half in circum-
ference, with perforated sides and conical
tops. She flauntcd the rude relics before
the astonished eyes of the waiting fam—
ily; then a medley of exclamations greet-
ed her find.

“Pretty heirlooms! Overgrown pepper
shakers!" railed Fred, with the liberty of
an elder brother.

“Ievolving horseradish graters!" sug-
gested ten-year—old Jimmy, while Mar-
garet’s father added to the mirth with:
“Behold the illuminators of the eighteenth
century!”

But Grandfather VanLeuven did not
join the good-natured banter that greet—
ed h/lai'garet’s captured prizes. “Why,
bless the child!” exclaimed the old gentle-
man, tottering to his feet. “She has
found Grandmother VanLeuven’s lanterns;
I haven’t seen them in years, and thought
they were lost long ago. Well, well, I’m
glad you found them, Margaret, and hope
you’ll hang on to them now. Your great-
grandmother found them, too, nigh onto
eighty years ago,” and the old man
chuckled reminiscently.

After everyone had examined the Ian-

 

 

 

 

THE MICI‘IIGAN FARMER.

terns which had been rudely constructed
for carrying lighted candles, long before
the days of kerosene and modern lighting
conveniences, Mr. VanLeuven motioned
his hilarious youngsters to silence and
their chairs. Turning to the old gentle-
man bes1dc him, he said: “Please tell us
the story of the lanterns, father. I’ve
nearly forgotten it, and the children have
never heard it, I am sure.”

An expectant hush fell upon the little
company, and everyone looked at Grand-
father VanLeuven who sat smiling at the
lanterns which stood side by side on the
center table, like stout old soldiers drawn
up at attention.

“I was too young to remember much
about the hardships of that winter ’way
back in the twenties, but later on, we
children heard so much about it that we
learned the story by heart.” The nar-
rator spoke slowly and thoughtfully, as
if feeling his way back through the years.

“The snow came about Thanksgiving
time and kept piling up until April. Ev—
eryone was short of grain and fodder, for
the summer had been hot and dry, and
the crops had nigh all burned out. Fath-
er kept a. yoke of oxen, four cows, and a
few head of young stock, and when Feb—
ruary came there wasn‘t a wisp of hay
left in the old log barn.

"Then father and the big boys used to
break roads through the snow to the
woods and drive the cattle there to
browse. Sometimes they cut down young
birch and other edible trees that the cat—
tle would trim up in Short order.

“\\'hen the corn got low, mother baked
great loaves of rye bread in the old stone
oven, and each critter got a slice—great
thick ones for the cows and oxen, and
little thin ones for the young stock.”

The speaker paused and smiled reflec—
tivcly at something he seemed to see in
the tire before him. Seizing the oppor-
tunity, Jimmy prompted: “But where do
the lanterns come in, grandfather?"

“I‘m coming to them, son,” replied the
old man, patting the head of his name-
sake who had crept close beside him.
"You see, grandmother did not find them
until later‘rnot until starvation began to
threaten the stock. For the time came
when the slices of bread grew very thin
and small; when only one ear of corn
was given to each critter, and they
browsed in the woods all day long. At
night they would low and cry with hun-
ger, and my mother, who was tender-
hearted, as well as brave, used to steal
out of bed and go to the barn with her
rye loaf and big knife and give them all
a slice—«as thick as she dared make it—
and it would seem to satisfy them for a
while.

“About this time the neighboring farm—
ers began to miss corn, rye and chickens
from their scanty stores, and it became
known that there were thieves in the
vicinity. The settlers were few and
there were no strangers among them, so
everyone began to suspect his neighbor,
and every man slept lightly; that is, ev—
ery man except your Grandfather Van-
Leuven. He was a famous sleeper. All
day he worked hard in the cold and snow,
and at night he slept. like a log.

“Mother was different. She heard ev-
ery noise, every cry of the hungry cat-
tlc. One night, just before the spring
break—up, she was wakened by an un-
usual amount of bawling from the stock,
and knowing that they always greeted
the opening of the barn door with just
such a racket, she suspected someone
had gone into the barn. She tried to
rouse father, but he was in one of his
fast sleeps and she knew it would take
time to waken him, so, leaving that job
to the boys whom she called, she lighted
the tin lantern—4t was much like Mar-
garet’s lanterns, only smaller—and ran
Out alone.

“She was just opening the stable door
when someone inside gave it such a vio-
lent shove that she was knocked over in
the snow. .,

“When she picked herself up, she saw
two men running down the road for dear
life, and she knew that she had routed
the neighborhood thieves.

“Sure enough. The men had broken
open the feed bin and bagged the two
bushels of corn that father had been
hoarding against a time of emergency.
The bags stood against the bin, tied and
ready for removal, and beside them stood
a third bag in which were three of moth-
er’s largest, fattest hens whose necks
had been wrung. Evidently, the robbers
were just ready for flight when mother
surprised them, and in their haste to
escape they left, not only their plunder
but their lighted lanterns—these heir-
looms of Margaret’s.”

In answer to the eager questions now

aimed at him Grandfather VanLefiven
continued: “Yes, both father and moth-
er knew the lanterns.
neighbors, were few in those days, and
everybody knew the belongings of every-
body else‘; but the thieves were never
caught.

"Mother hid the lanterns aWay in the
garret and would not let father and the
boys mention the affair to a soul. We
little shavers never heard of it, nor got
sight of the lanterns until years after.”

At this point the old gentleman uncon—
sciously lowered his voice, as if fearing
some outsider might catch, and carry

 

Lanterns, like'

MAY 27 , 1911.

this almost forgotten story into mischief,

“The thieves, who were brothers and
lived not far from our house‘, Sold their
farm that same spring, and, with their
families, moved back down east where
they had come from. Father used to say
it was a lucky attempt at robbery, for us.
Mother got a pair of good lanterns, we
all got a good chicken dinner, and, best
of all, the neighborhood got rid of its
thieves.”

“And the end is not yet,” cried Mar-
garet. “The House of VanLeuven is to
have a pair of brave, heir-loomic incense
burners."

ONCE A MORMON.

By IRMA B. MATTHEWS.

When safe from the hated presence
Robert walked rapidly along the shore.
The water he loved rippled and called to
him in the old way but he heeded it not.
l-lis brain could receive no impression.
Nothing was in his mind but the hideous
fate mapped out for the woman he loved.
lie paced the shore until the stars came
out, thinking, thinking, trying to devise
some way whereby she might be saved.
All at once Mormonism in all its hideous-
ness had been revealed to him and he
shuddered at the sight. He looked up at
the stars above him. Somewhere beyond
them God lived and reigned. The thought
brought him comfort. Elinor had always
trusted God. Surely, surely, He would
not allow this thing to happen. He
stretched up his hands. “Oh, God," he
cried, "help me, show me the way.” Over
and over he repeated the words until a.
sweet peace stole into his heart and he
entered his cabin. He lighted a lamp
and locked the door. It was past two
o’clock and he had eaten nothing since
the noon before. He did not want food
but he knew that he must keep up
his strength. He ate a bite; then from its
hiding place he brought out a box and
counted the contents. Nearly a thousand
dollars. It was quite a bit of money for
a young man to have saved, and he was
glad now that he had not invested it on
the island as he had at times been mind-
ed to do.

Then he replaced the box in its hiding
place and brought out something else. He
smiled grimly as he looked at this other
thing. He examined it carefully and oiled
it and saw that it was in perfect working
order. He had never cared for the thing,
but it had been given him and he was
glad now that he had kept it. He gazed
at the shining barrel, then carefully load-
ing it from a box of cartridges he thrust
it into his pocket.

“ lod help me," he muttered, “but if
everything else fails—well—King Strang
shall never have her, that is all.” Then,
still dressed, he threw himself on the bed
and slept. The sun was high in the sky
when he awoke, for the strain under
which he had been had exhausted him
and even now he hardly felt refreshed.
One thing was clear in his mind. If he
was not to excite suspicion he must act
the same as ever and go about his ac-
customed tasks the same as he had, for
he felt sure that the king would hear of
his behavior, if it was different than us-
ual. So he made his breakfast and went
out with his boat, whistling a gay tune
as was his wont. He was right about be-
ing watched, but at the end of two days,
as he showed no disposition to do other-
wise than he had, and remained appar-
ently as cheerful, the word was passed
to the king, who laughed and said, "I
really expected more of a fight from him
but I dare say he sees the folly of at—
tempting to disobey me and is resigned.”

 

Chapter XVII.

The nights were very dark, a thing for
which Robert Stuart was very thankful
as he stole softly from his cottage late
one evening, several days after his visit
to Strang, and started for the Brandon
home.

He had to almost feel his way, but he
knew the trail well and he walked quite
swiftly, taking care, however, to make
no noise, pausing now and then to listen.

At length he reached the house he was
bound for but he (lid not walk to the door
and demand entrance. On the contrary
he was very careful that no one should
hear him. He passed quickly around the
house and paused outside the window
that he knew to be the one in the room
Elinor occupied. The night was warm
and the window was wide open to admit
the air. He listened and the quiet breath-
ing told him that Elinor was asleep; he

could just make out the position of the
bed. He leaned far in the window and
threw something upon the bed. Then he
turned and went away into the night the
way he had come. Thus far he had been
favored, but how would it end? Surely
he was doing what was for the best.

When Elinor awoke in the morning she
was surprised to see a package on her
bed. ”Why, what can that be?” she ex-
claimed. “1 am sure that was not there
when I went to bed.” She untied the
cord that bound it and took out a letter,
but when she read it her face went white
with fear and horror.

“Dear Elinor,” the letter ran, “I dare
not come to see you for I fear I am being
watched, but I have news that I must
communicate to you. Thursday you are
to be sealed at the Tabernacle to the
Mormon King Strang, and at the same
time I am to receive a wife of his choos-
ing. At least, so the king chooses to
think. I think otherwise. I promise you,
Elinor, it shall never be, for if my plan
fails I still have another in reserve, but
nod forbid that I should have to use it.
Never mind now what that is, but from
the day I learned of his hideous plan I
ceased to be a Mormon in any way and
God has opened my eyes to the truth.
Now listen to my plan and follow it
faithfully, destroying this letter after you
have read it. At ten o’clock tonight meet
me at the old house. Get out.somehow
without anyone knowing it anddI will be
waiting for you there. We will take my
boat and make for Mackinac Island. I
can get help once we get there. You
have told me of the sister in the old
home. I will take you to her. 'Do not
fail me and God help us both. Robert.”

Elinor read the letter again and again
until every word was graven in her mem—
ory, then she destroyed it. She struggled
to compose herself, for she knew she
must not allow the family to see her agi-
tation. She dropped on her knees beside
the bed and invoked aid from the one
source that had never failed her. When
she arose she was calm but still pale.

Clara’s observant eyes noted the pale-
ness and after the morning work was
done she tried to prevail on her to lie
down, but Elinor only laughed, telling her
she was not sick but said she guessed
she would take a little walk.

“Do! the fresh air will do you good;
you have staid in rather closely lately,
but do not go far away.”

Elinor promised, but, indeed, she had
no idea of going far. She was going to
say goodby to her mother. She walked
rapidly until she reached the spot and sat
down beside it. Robert had built a fence
around the place and painted it white—-
another one of his thoughtful acts—that
nothing might disturb the place. She
thought of this and a tender smile played
about her lips. In spite of her sorrow
and her fright her heart was singing a.
glad song. Iobert had renounced Mor—
monism, and once away from this dread-
ful place she would be able to love and
trust him as she had been longing to do
for so long.

Yet tears filled her eyes as she bent
over the grave of her mother. It was
hard to leave that behind and never see
it again. So intent was she’ that she did
not hear footsteps nor see a man ap-
proach until she heard a deep sigh .and
looked up to see James Baldwin leaning
against the fence that enclosed the place.
She arose to her feet and faced him.
“You here!” was what she said. 'V

“Yes, I come often, but never when
anyone else is here.
come. All my hopes of happiness in this
world or the next are buried here,” he
answered, bitterly. ' ‘

Elinor looked at him closely and was-
startled by the change in the man. His
face was seamed and aged, and bitter
lines were engravendn it. It was the

Why should I not ’

 

 

 

 

 

4

 

 


 

 

 

 

 
  
   
 
 

MI ”91911. "

face of a man who had tasted the‘bit-
ternesa of death and found no relief.
though he drained the cup to the dregs.

4' In spite of what he had done, pity stirred

her heart. After all. was the man to
blame? It was his nature. She remem-
bered how many times she had warned
Myra of his weakness, but Myra had only
laughed at her and fostered, rather than
tried to strengthen, his will. Well, it was
no matter now, but she answered slowly:
“It is too bad you did not realize this
before, James.”

“I know. It does not matter about me
now." 'he answered; “it is of you I wished
to talk. I came on purpose today, hoping
to find you here. I want you to escape."
Elinor looked up, startled. Was it pos-
sible James knew of the attempt that
was to be made? But no, his next words
relieved her. “I do not want the ruin
that has fallen on the rest to envelop
you. You are too brave and true, and so
I came to warn you. I cannot see any
way myself, but I can at least put you on
your guard. Today is Tuesday, and on
Thursday the king intends to make you
his wife.”

“But if I will not consent.”

"What will that matter? One of his
own elders will perform the ceremOny
and he will pay no attention to anything
you can say.”

"But I will not go to the tabernacle.”

“I could not find out all of his plans
but I believe you are to be taken from
your home tomorrow night in some way
by'strategy, so I thought I would warn
you to lock yourself in. My life will be
the penalty if it is known I warned you,
but it does not matter. It is nothing to
1ne.’!

Tomorrow night! And tonight Robert
was to make the attempt to save her.
It was none too soon. She shuddered as
though from a sudden chill. If he did not
succeed, what then?

"I wish I could help you,” said James,
wistfuily; “maybe when I meet her in
the next world she would forgive me if
I did."

“There will be no resentment in the
world to come; James." Elinor answered
quietly. “’"

“Thank you and goodby. I must not
stay longer; it would not do for me to be
seen with you."

“Goodby‘fi‘ and God help you,
The next'mi'nute he was gone.

Elinor"slayed for a time longer, then

James."

she also made her way home. She re~
tired early. “Do not call me in the
morning,” she said to Clara, and the

other aiisWe'red, “I will not; sleep as long
as You wish. You do not look well."

Moved by a sudden impulse Elinor came
back and 'said, “Whatever happens, Clara,
I shall always remember how kind you
have been to me." Then she went into
her room and closed the door.

“Elinor is not well. I fear," Clara said
to her husband. “She has appeared pale
and not at all like herself today."

“It is fate. I shall probably lose her
like the rest,” he answered, gloomily.

Meanwhile Elinor had arrayed herself
in a dark woolen dress and made a small
bundle of other clothes to take with her.
Then she went to a drawer and took
from it a well-Worn book and placed it
with the rest. It was her mother's Bible.
Then 'she sat 'down to wait until it was

late enough to make the attempt.

Chapter XVlll.

The hours ticked themselves away very
slowly to the waiting girl, but at length
she heard the clock Strike ten. It was
the appointed time. Her heart beat so
it seemed as though anyone near must
bear it, but with a prayer for help she
carefully climbed through the open win-
dow. She listened; it was very still and
so dark that she wondered if she could
find her way to the old house. She start-
ed bravely, stopping every now and then
to listen. At length she reached the step
and sank upon it almost fainting with
excitement.

Then a wild idea surged through her
brain. Supposing Robert would not be
here to meet her! Supposing, after all,
this was but a plan of King Strang‘s to
get her in his power. At the thought she
hardly repressed a shriek, but the next
moment a voice said softly, “I am here,

‘nunor," and Robert was beside her.

She arose to her feet, unsteadily, and
he felt her tremble as she pressed close
to him. “Do not fear," he breathed; “just
hold'tight'l'to me. We must not talk but
do not be afraid. I will protect you with
my'life.", _, ‘

' Then they took up their walk toward
the place where Robert had left his
boat. Not' a word was spoken as, like
two shadows, ‘they glided through the
night. "Robert listened, every sense on

the alert. At last Elinor heard the rip-
pling of the water as they neared the
beach. Carefully Robert lifted her into
the waiting boat and she sank down in
the bottom while he shoved it off and
took me oars. Still not a word passed
their lips for, although it was so dark
one could not see a. foot from them, sound
carries on the water. Elinor feared lest
the dip of the oars be heard.

At last they were far enough so that
they might converse in guarded tones.
Then Robert turned his attention to re-
assuring the frightened girl.

“I do not think there is any danger of
our being found now,” he said, quietly.
"Even were we missed they would not be
able to follow us in the night and we will
be beyond pursuit in the morning. Once
at Mackinac I know people who will gladly
conceal us until we can catch a steamer
to Detroit. From there it will be an easy
matter to take you to your sister." Thus
he talked until she became encouraged;
tnen he tried to get her to lie down and
sleep, but this she declared would be im-
possible. So the night wore away.

Robert was right in his belief that there
would be many willing to help them at
Mackinac. They listened to the story
with interest and one kindly woman at
once offered Elinor a home until they
could leave the island.

Elinor went gladly, leaving Robert to
sell his boat and see what arrangements
could be made for continuing their jour-
ney. She ate some breakfast that her
kind friend prepared, then obeyed her and
tried to rest. She did not expect to sleep
but she did, and it was afternoon before
she awoke.

“You had a good rest," said her new
friend, “and you look refreshed.” A little
later Robert came.

“There will be a boat to Detroit in two
days," he said, and we must wait for
that. Meanwhile, Elinor, I wish you
would give me the right to protect you
no matter what comes. There is a chap-
lain at the fort. May I ask him to come
down here?” ,

Elinor did not answer at first.

“I do not wish to urge you or trouble
you, Elinor, and if you had rather wait
until we get to your friends I will, of
course. submit to your wishes, but I be-
lieve it would be best."

“It does not matter, it shall be as You
say," she answered quietly. so that even-
ing the chaplain at the fort married them
in the presence of their new friends, and
Elinor thought tearfully that hers was a
strange wedding.

Two days later the steamer arrived.
friends ascertained that there was no
one of the Mormon faith on board and
engaged passage for Robert Stuart and
his wife, but it was not until the island
was left far behind that Elinor really felt
safe. The journey was performed with-
out incident worthy of mention. but who
can picture the meeting when Robert
placed his wife in the arms of the sister,
and the latter heard, for the first time,
what her family had endured on the
island.

“‘W‘hy did you not try and let us
know?" she questioned when she could
trust herself to talk, ”if Sam had
known—"

“Dear Rosetta, if Sam had known it is
doubtful if he could have done anything

but got himself into trouble. That is why
I kept silent. I had seen too many
try it.”

“Rut there must be some way, some
law that will reach and punish that
wicked man.”

“There is, sister, but it will be God’s
way and God's law I fear, and lie must
take His own time. Do not fear, he will
reap what he has sown."

in the home of Amos Brandon things
went on as usual the morning after Eli-
nor's flight. True to her promise, Clara
did not call Elinor. The morning work
was done and still she was not disturbed.
'l‘hcn Clara took her little one and went
outdoors that his noise might not awaken
her. But when dinner time came and
Elinor had not appeared she remembered
her looks the day before and became
alarmed. She opened the door to the
room softly. There was no one there.
The bed had not been slept in, but pinned
to the pillow she found a note. She
opened it hastily and read:

“Dear Clara, goodby. I have found, no
matter how, that tomorrow I was to be
married to the king and I have gone
away. Do not worry. I shall be safe
when this comes to you. I would have
liked to have told you, but I did not want
to implicate anyone in my flight. God
bless you, and again, goodby.”

Silently Clara went and placed the note
in her husband's hand. ”Did you know

the king’s intentions?" she asked.

 

THE MICHIGAN FARMER.‘

“No, before heaven, I did not. I am
glad she has gone, but I wonder how and
where."

They soon learned, for during the after-
noon the king came in haste to the house.
“I want to see your daughter Elinor," he
ordered. '

“I do not know where she is,” was the
answer.

“Not know where she is! Where should
she be but in her father's house. Better
be careful, Brandon."

“1 have told you the truth. She went
to her room as usual last night and this
morning she was gone. She left a note
saying she was going away."

“Let me see it.”

It was shown him. “It is as I thought,”
he fumed; “the rascals I set to watch
that Stuart have not done their duty;
they have let him get away, that is plain,
and he has taken her with him. A nice
state of things. on, but they shall suffer
for it."

“How is that?" asked Mr. Brandon.
“\Vhy was Stuart watched and What has
he to do with this?”

The king explained. Whatever Amos
Brandon thought, he said nothing, but it
was evident that for once Strang had
overreached himself. He was, however,
convinced that Mr. Brandon knew noth-
ing of the matter, but the same day two
men were tied and whipped with blue
beaches for disobeying the orders of the
king, and he had made two more enemies.

Chapter XIX.

It is a truth that justice may not be
forever delayed. and it is also true that
a tyrant will usually press the bonds too
closely, and this is what King Strang did.
He had been successful in eluding the
laws when he was first arrested and he
thought he might continue to break every
law of the United States with impunity.

But the people were getting more and
more wrought up, and added to the indig-
nation of the fishermen and merchants
that their rights were in no way respect-
ed, was the discontent of many of his
own people. Some of them, to be sure,
still trusted him blindly and believed all
that he said. but others were coming to
the bland every year and they refused to
obey some of his absurd commands. The
women would not cut their hair short
or wear the costume he had devised for
them, and they were fighting his polyg-
amous law. Slowly but surely he saw
his: hold upon the people diminishing. He
might have taken warning and mende
his ways, but he did not. He was too
thoroughly an autocrat for that.

At length a strong appeal was made to
the government. asking protection from
Strung and the lawless gang that he had
educated and kept around him. This
gang was a sort of SOt'l‘t'l socicty under
command of the king and pledged to car-
ry out his orders no matter what they
might be. (it the illsiilv \i'orkings noth-
ing much has ever been learned, for even
after they were disbanded the members
did not care to incriminate themselves,
but certain it was (but some of them
were ever afterwards victims of remorse.

The government uwokc at last to what
was going on and sent the steamer Mich-
igan to investigate the matter. Strang
met this boat at Mackinac and tried to
prevent its coming to the island but was
not successful. The captain Soon sent
for Strang. \Vhen be received the sum-
mons he started for the boat but he was
not to reach it. The days of King Strang
were numbered. As he neared the land-
ing several shots were tired and he fell.
The two men who had fired upon him he
rccognized~one was Thomas Redford
who had sworn to have revenge for his
being whipped in public, the other was

  
  
 

(19) 591

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592 "(20)

longer knew what to do. The Gentiles,
meanwhile, were not idle. They did not
intend to be longer cheated out of what
they thought were their rights and, al-
though what they did might not be called
exactly right, it was nomore than was
to be expected. They invaded the island,
burned the tabernacle and sacked the
printing office. The Mormons were driven
from the island. Those people who had
been obliged to leave their homes before
on account of the Mormons now returned
and helped to drive the latter away, but
they were allowed to take their goods
and dispose of their property, although
many of them were so frightened that
they did not dare do either. They ex-
pected no more mercy than they had
shown. They fled, leaving even their
household goods in their homes.

But there were some who refused to go,
who declared they had had enough of
Mormonism, and these, after some par-
leying, were allowed to remain. Of this
number was Amos Brandon and James
Baldwin. They had seen their happiness
blasted and their lives made desolate,
and neither of them mourned the death
of Strang.

Mr. Brandon set to work feverishly to
amend his fortunes and to collect the
money that had belonged to his wife that

it might be given to her children, as it ,

was willed, and in this his young wife
tried to help him. “It is rightfully theirs,”
she said, “and there will be enough for
us.”

Amos Brandon realized that his life lay
in the past but he could not help feeling
a certain affection for the sweet girl who
was his wife, and he adored his son. He
was doing the best he could for them,
but there were days when he wandered
restlessly, pursued by memories of the
past that almost crazed him. Yet the
years, with their gentle touch. brought
a certain amount of peace, if not exactly
happiness. “More than I deserve," he
would often mutter as he watched Clara
about her work or taught his infant son
to walk.

Meanwhile, in her far-off sheltered
home Elinor Stuart heard of Strang‘s
tragic death.

“Ah, I thought it would be so,” she
said to her husband; “the prophecy came
true, then.”

“\\'liat prophecy?" asked her husband.

“\Vhy, surely you remember, Robert,
the day the women met to try and dis-
suade him from ordering plural mar-
riages, and when he laughed at them how
the spirited leader saw a vision and sank
unconscious. You know she told him he
would be honored with an office of trust
and then his end would come with a bul-
let and that it would come speedily. I
wonder if she is alive and knows? I have
always wondered what her fate was. You
know she and her husband disappeared
very mysteriously and, Robert, I mistrust
some of the mysterious things that hap-
pened on the island.”

“So do I, Elinor, but thank God He
led us away from there in safety.”

“Yes, we have much to be thankful for,
but 1 can never forget what that man has
made me suffer.”

'{obert soothed her as he always did
when any mention was made of that ter-
riblc time.

it was years before Elinor could bring
herself to visit the island and she had a
daughter nearly as tall as herself. The
longing to visit her mother's grave at
last conquered her repugnance and to-
gether she and Robert made the pi]-
griinage.

In many ways the island was greatly
changed. but some of the old landmarks
remained. The kings palace was gone
but some of the other houses were still
there. Mr. Brandon was older but not
greatly changed after all, and Elinor
came to love the stalwart boy she had
played with as a baby. lie was more
like his mother than his father and for
some reason Elinor was glad. Clara was
the. same Clara, only older, and there was
a sad look in her face when in repose as
though in some way she had missed the
best of life.

But when Elinor visited her mother's

grave she knew she had much to thank
Clara for, for it had been kept as fresh
and well as Elinor herself would have
kept it, and fresh flowers were blooming
there.

Beaver Island is a beautiful spot today,
and visitors there can hardly realize that
it was the scene of such tragedy or that
it was once ruled by a king.

And the king of that beautiful spot
sleeps in an unmarked, unkept grave, al—
most forgotten and entirely unknown to
many of the generation of today.

(THE END).

fa

   
 
  
  
  
   

 

 

  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 

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_ ~.—-—- ._.___ _-- L

 

‘.

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814 v- 10ml,

 
   
    
 

   
 

 

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The Great Dain gm; Sweep Rake

 

 

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