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VOL. CXXXV I. No. 22.
Whole Number 3550.

I The Only Weekly Agricultural, Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State.

DETROIT, MICH.. SATURDAY. JUNE 3. l9”.

g8l.oo A YEAR.
82.75 FIVE YEARS.

 

FARM NOTES.
Care of the Cultivated Crops.

W'ith corn planting out of the way, and
the other spring crops in, or preparations
for them well under way, the question of
the proper care of the crops is one which
interests every farmer. It is a regrettable
fact that in many cases the preparation
of the soil for the corn and other spring
crops is slighted in order that they may
be gotten in on time, and where this has
been the case the question of their proper
care is a more serious problem than is
the case where the preparatory work has
been well done. But, as with most of
the other work on the farm no set rule
can be laid down for the cultivation of
the corn or other crops. Much depends
upon weather conditions, and one must
be guided to some extent by the amount
of work which is pressing for attention
and the available supply of labor with
which to accomplish it. However, it is
always poor economy to plan more work
than can be reasonably well done with
the available supply of labor, and if this
has been done it is important that the
available help be adjust-

the coffee the lump of loaf sugar will be
almost immediately saturated with the
fluid, while the coffee will penetrate the
loose powdered sugar at the surface
slowly. In this manner any farmer can
demonstrate for himself the value of the
earth mulch as a means of conserving
soil moisture for the benefit of growing
crops while sitting at his breakfast table,
and the chances are that it will make him
more aprpeciative of the importance of
thus conserving the soil moisture in the
fields where cultivated crops are growing
on his farm, against the danger of a pos-
sible drought.

Of course, if we could know in advance
when a drought was coming this problem
would be greatly simplified, but as that
is impossible the only logical course to
pursue is to be as well prepared for such
an event as possible at all times. This
makes it important that the work of con-
serving the soil moisture should be com-
menced as soon as possible after the
crops are planted. The soil needs stir-
ring frequently anyhow, at this season
to prevent the encroachment of weeds,

and it_ is good policy to do the stirring

later in the season than many farmers
appreciate.’ This fact is well illustrated
by the methods followed by the dry farm-
ing specialists in the west, who use the
harrow on .the small grain crops as well
as Cultivated crops as a. means of con-
serving moisture until the crops attain a
very considerable growth. Thus, if a.
heavy shower occu'rs just after the corn
has been cultivated, the field can profit-
ably be. gone over with the weeder to pre—
serve the earth mulch on the surface af—
ter the corn gets quite large. The corn
will be little injured by the weeder, and
the benefits will more than offset any
fancied injury. The potatoes can be
similarly treated with the harrow with-
out injury when they are of considerable
size, and needed moisture thus conserved
for the future use of the crop.

Just. how deeply the corn and other
spring crops should be cultivated and just
how long the cultivation should be con—
tinued is a matter upon which farmers
differ widely in opinion. But it is a safe
practice to follow, to cultivate ‘deeply at
first, if at all, as is sometimes, necessary
where the ground has not been well fit-

good results may be attained with a min-
imum expenditure of time and labor.

 

FARM POWER AND TRANSPORTA-
TION.

 

 

The question of farm power and farm"

transportation is one of the most import-
ant questions connected with farming
and with farm management.
ter of fact, it is one of the questions that
bothers the farm manager as much as
any other question that comes up in his
business. Every country or section
passes through various stages in the use
of farm power. The pioneer, for instance,
invariably uses oxen for farm power be-
cause oxen will work in'yoke without
a whippietree and can‘ be relied upon to
work among stumps, stones, and under
various adverse conditions better than
horses. There are no whippletrees to
bother. Then again, with the pioneer the
question of feeding is an important one
and people usually haven’t an abundance
of the proper kind of a ration for horses.
Oxen will largely take L‘Ill‘t’ of themselves.
But as the stumps are cleaned from
the land and it is in bet—

 

'ed to the conditions
which prevail rather
than to allow the crops
to suffer for timely atten-
tion. .ut, aside
these contingencies. Vic
may, in a general way,
consider the needs of the
cultivated crops and the
best method of caring for
them under normal con-
ditions.

In the first place, all
will agree that the cul-
tivation should be of a
nature, and done at a
time, which will prevent
the serious encroach-
ments of weeds upon the
growing crop. In many
seasons this will keep the
farmer busy and in many
cases it will include all
the care that it will be
profitable to give the cul-
tivated crops. But this
will only be true in sea-
sons when there is a nor-
mal rainfall so well dis-
tributed as to leave little
danger that the growing.
crops will suffer from
drought at any season of
their growth. The action
of the soil water is no
longer a theory; it is well
understood. No sooner
does the soil become well
soaked with water from
the rains that fall, than
it begins to evaporate
from the surface. As the
water evaporates from
the surface of the soil,
the supply is replenished from the water
stored in the lower strata of soil by capil—
lary attraction, the moisture coming to
the surface in the same manner that the
oil from a lamp is fed to the flame
through the Wick. But by breaking up
the soil particles at the surface and form-
ing a mulch of loose earth this process
of evaporation from the surface is great—
ly retarded, thus greatly lengthening the
time during which the water stored in
the soil in the form of a thin film about
the soil particles will serve the needs of
the growing 'crops. This action of the
soil water and the earth mulch is very
nicely illustrated by covering a piece of
loaf sugar With a moderately thick layer
of powdered sugar, touching the bottom
of the lump of loaf sugar to the surface
of a cup of coffee. Upon its contact with

.ii'ilt.

 

at just as nearly the right time as pos—
sible after each rain. This stirring of the
soil, particularly after every shower, can
profitably commence right after planting,
by the use of the weeder or spike-tooth
harrow. These implements are especially
valuable in the conservation of moisture
at this time, as well as of great aid in
the killing of weeds that are just start-
ing, since they are wide and enable the
operator to get over the ground rapidly.
thether the weeder or the harrow will
accomplish this end to the best advantage
will depend upon the condition of the
soil. If there has been a hard rain to
form a heavy crust on the surface the
harrow will do the better job, while the
weeder will do excellent work after the
lighter showers. The use of these imple-
ments can often be profitably continued

ter shape for the grow-V
ing of crops, the horse
always has gradually
taker. the place of the ox
as the motive power on
the farm, and the horse
is today the great source
of farm power. I am in-
clined to believe that the
horse always will be the
great source of farm
power. it may be that
the gasoline engine and
the electric motor will in
time be so modified, ad—
justed and perfected, that
they can be used as a
source of farm power,
but I doubt this form of
power ever being very
practical on' the average

farm. I have hopes that
I will live long enough to
see a practical motor
plow, one either driven

by gasoline or by elec—
tricity, one that a man
can operate and run the
power himself. Of course.
in Michigan it never will
be practical to use the
great gasoline engines
that haul the gang plows
in the great northwest.
That will be entirely out
of the question. Our land
is too uneven. Our farms
and fields are too small.
It would certainly be
amusing to see one of
those big engines with its

 

 

 

Where “Fruit' with Flavor" Grows.-——A “Well Groomed" Western Michigan Apple Orchard in Full

ted or whore tho \V'Ot‘tlS have been allowed
to get a good start. Later cultivations
should be comparatively shallow to avoid
deleterious root pruning, and where it is
thought advisable to continue the culli-
vation Very late for the purpose of con—
serving soil moisture especial care should
be exercised in this regard, else the cul-
tivation may do more marm than good.
Also, the cultivation of the corn should
be fairly continuous if it is to be con-
tinued late in the season. It is a mis-
take to allow it to go without cultivation
for several weeks during haying and har-
vest, and then commence again when
that work is out of the way. This ques-
tion of the cultivation of the corn and
other spring crops is one which every
farmer should give especial thought and
study, to the end that a maximum of

gang plows try to get up
some of our side hills. It
would be practically im—
possible. But it does seem to me that,
somebody can invent a power plow So
that a man can operate it as he would
an auto wagon or an auto truck. (let
power enough so that it would not be 10o
large and cumbersome and yet have suffi-
cient power to plow. But I am a little
skeptical, even, as to this. The great
trouble here is going to be the variety of
soil in the same field and the uneven—
ness in the soil. Much of our land in
Michigan is hilly. Gasoline plows or elec-
tric plows I don’t believe ever will be
successful on such kind of land. As for
general farm tillage, I doubt if we will
ever have any kind of motor power ex-
cept horses that will properly handle cul-
tivators, harrows, mowing machines, and
that sort of farm tools.

Now, one great reason why the horse

Bloom.

As a mat- ‘

 


 

 

 

594 _ <2)

will always be used is because the horse
has so much reserve power. For a mo-
ment or two a horse, ~like a man, can
exert a force or power that is far beyond
normal, and this power to exert its force
at the proper time will get a man out of
a bad hole or pull his machine through
a soft spot while the gasoline motor pow—
er or electric motor power would sink
into the soft ground and you would have
to have another machine fastened on
hard ground in order to get it out.

Of course, for doing certain kinds of
farm work, where the gasoline engines
can be stationary, they do better and
more effective work than the horse, for
running a feed grinder, or a cream sep-
arator, a milking machine, and many
other things where uniform speed is re-
quired, of course, the horse cannot very
well take the place of a gasoline engine.

In farm work where greater power is
required, like threshing or filling silos,
here even the steam power, at this day
and age of the world is considered more
practical than gasoline because it is more
reliable and possibly because the people
have had greater experience in the man-
ufacture of steam engines than they have
in gasoline and they are more perfect.
but for some reason or other you see
very few threshing outfits that are run
by gasoline engines. They all use the
steam engine. The steam engine, how—
ever, for the lighter work and permanent
wo‘rk on the farm, is not as good as the
gasoline engine, even with the bother of
the gasoline engine, because it takes too
long to get up power and because there
is too much waste about it. It takes con—
siderable fuel to get up a sufficient
amount of steam pressure to do the work,
then the work only continues for a short
time, and there is a lot of heat wasted in
cooling off. So, for short jobs the steam
engine is not practical on the farm.

Farm Transportation.

In transporting the farm products from
the farm to the market the auto truck,
the auto wagon, and the automobile, are
more practical, it seems to me, than this
sort of power would be in doing the farm
work, and yet, here, I am of the opinion
that it will be a long time, and perhaps
never, when gasoline or electricity will
take the place of the horse, even in the
transportation of farm products to mar—
ket. To make the use of gasoline and
electricity as transportation power prac—
tical, we must have better roads. We
have got to have hard roads. We have
got to have roads that are hard every
day of the year, and it will be a long
while before we get this. You can’t pull
a load of wheat or a load of hay over
real soft roads with gasoline power or
with electric power. You can't get
through a bad place in the road simply
because you never will have a machine
built that will have reserve power enough
to do this. The horse has sufficient pow-
er so that he can pull the load through
the bad place, and then by allowing him
to rest he is capable of going on with the
load. But the gasoline vehicle must have
hard ground or the power amounts to
nothing and until we get better roads
the auto wagon truck cannot and will
not take the place of the good old re-
liable horsc. COLON C. LILLIE.

GROWING 0F ALFALFA IN NORTH-
ERN WISCONSIN.

 

Seeing Mr. Lillie's letter in a recent
issue of the Michigan Farmer, and his
remarks about using barnyard manure 0n
alfalfa ground, reminds me of my expe-
rience in trying to get a stand, as it was
no trouble to get a catch. I tried two
seasons to get a stand with oats for a
nurse crop, the seed came up but turned
yellow and slowly died, except where
there had been an old manure heap about
23 feet square: here it grew and thrived.
This led me to believe ’manure was what

was needed. I had also sown inoculated
soil on a quarter of an acre but that did
not help as 1 could see. In the fall of

11109, after digging potatoes on a sandy
loam which had been cleared two seasons
and had two crops of potatoes on it, I
drew out a lot of well rotted manure and
top-dressed one acre, and let this lay
until time to plow for corn in the fol—
lowing spring. I thcn plowed this about
four inches deep and fitted the ground
the same as I did the corn ground and
up to the 28th day of June I cultivated
this each time, as I did the corn. On
June. 28th I put the spring tooth barrow
on it and gave it a good harrowing and
sowed the alfalfa seed without a nurse
crop and rolled it in. Although the sea-
son was dry, it came up nicely and on
Sept. 20th was 20 inches and over in

height. On October 5th it was mostly in
bloom and partially lodged down. I then
took my moWer, tilted the cutter bar as
high as I could and went over the piece,
cured the hay and took 01! two nice loads.
This came through the winter in fine
shape, and I have again top-dresed this
piece in the poorest places and it is 50
per cent better than the clover sown
right beside it on the same kind of
ground in same field where I had millet.
This leads me to believe that if your land
has the fertility in it, and put there by
good barnyard manure anyone can raise
alfalfa in northern Michigan or in north-
ern Wisconsin. Have seen fine alfalfa
growing on clay soil also, in Ashland
county, near Lake Superior. Have also
seen it growing on the Soo railroad right
of way, wild.

Ashland 00., Wis. W. H. BEACH.
MANURES, THEIR APPLICATION AND

RELATION TO SOIL FERTILITY.

in the west, where the soil is still vir-
gin, the waste of barnyard manure is
prodigious. But the time Will come, as
it has with us, when the conservation of
this most valuable fertilizer will be as
apparent as its loss is now flagrant. The
economical use of fertilizers is of prime
importance, because, if there is not a
profit over and above expenditure and if
the soil is not gradually improved, there
will be an ultimate loss, and may result
in an increase in the proverbial "aban-
doned farms."

Every tiller of the soil should see to it
that every particle of home products is
utilized to the best advantage and the
residue returned to the soil.

The judicious use of commercial fer-
tilizer, other conditions being favorable,
is advisable But it is only with good
farming that the buying, and applying of
this class of fertilizers will show a profit.
So long as farmers continue to waste
the available fertilizing products of their
barnyards and by continuous cropping,
remove every particle of fiber from their
fields. thus robbing the soil of humus, the
use of cmmnorcial fertilizers will not com-
pensate the loss. We must apply plant
food to replace that taken up by plants,
but commercial fertilizers entail consider-
able cash outlay, and unless used with
good judgment will show a loss instead
of gain. The condition essential to the
availability of all fertilizers Is a friable
soil. It is not possible to secure or retain
ideal conditions independent of humus,
and unless we secure this by returning
green cover crops, or barnyard manure,
we will obtain a sodden, lifeless, and in-
fertile soil. There is no question but
that there is abundant plant food in the
soil, but it is not available except by im—
proving the soil texture. This can only
be done by adding fiber which, when de-
composed, makes humus. Any soil Well
filled with humus, if properly plowed and
tilled, will respond. to the hopes of the
tiller a hundredfold. Such soil, in addi-
tion to its friable condition, enabling the
roots of plants to ramify it in search of
food, will hold moisture. Plants can only
secure their food when in the form of
solution, and this can be obtained only
by decomposition. Many agricultural
writers recommend that barnyard manure
be hauled direct from the stable to the
field, arguing that there is less waste by
this than by the practice of letting it ac-
cumulate in piles in the barnyard where
it not only leaches under snow and rain,
but is liable to lose by burning. While
this argument contains a broad statement
of facts it is not fully conclusive. Any
rough refuse, such as barnyard manure
or, in a less objectionable degree. green
crops, when plowed under will form a
blanket tetween the top and lower soils,
which will interfere with capillary action
and in a dry season will not be utilized
by the plants because, not being dcc0m~
posed it is not possible for them to se-
cure the food it contains. An -her 0b-
jcction to hauling manure directly to the
field as made. is that in winter when the
ground is frozen. unless quite level, more
or less of it will be wasted by washing,
if not entirely off the farm, into the
draws where it is less needed.

The preparation for conserving barn-
yard manure entails some expense and
labor but all such expenditures will re-
turn a margin of profit commensurate
with the outlay. Where it is possible to
have a water supply available, It will be
profitable to have a basin scooped out, and
if possible, under cover, into which all
manures should be thrown. Where the
nature of the soil is porous the excava-
tion should be puddled with clay to pre-
vent leaching. Water should be added

 

THE MICHIGAN FARMBR.

occasionally to prevent burning and the
manure turned every few days which, In
a few weeks will be so decomposed as to
be thrown out and a new heap started.
In the spring this should be used as a
top~dressing for meadows, or on culti-

'vated fields. The rains will dissolve the

now soluble plant food, washing it down
in reach of the roots, the residue acting
as a. mulch to be finally added to the soil
as humus.

Now, as to cover crops, the clovers are
of first consideration on account of their
ability to secure nitrogen from the air,
but as it is not possible to secure these
as quickly as is often desirable for a win-
ter cover, other crops are substituted.
On account of its hardiness and the late-
ness at which it may be sown, following
a summer crop, rye is often sown. It
starts quite early in the spring and if
plowed under when not more than half
grown, it will, in addition to its con-
serving the nitrogen in the surface soil,
give quite a layer of fiber which, because
of its succulence will soon decay, thus
improving the physical condition of the
soil. One objection to plowing under
green crops is, that they tend to increase
soil acidity; to counteract this, lime
should occasionally be added at the rate
of one ton per acre, applied after plow-
ing and cultivated in. Another objection,
as has been said of rough barnyard ma-
nure, is, it forms a blanket somewhat
interfering with capillary action. A good
plan is to go over it with the roller, com-
pletely packing it down, and then cross
it with a disc harrow which will cut it
up and the plow, together with subse-
quent cultivation will mix it with the
soil and the blanket will thus be obviat-
ed. The availability of fertilizers de-
pends upon the way plowing is done and
the after cultivation. It is not all soils
that will admit of deep plowing on ac-
count of the open texture of the subsoil,
which sometimes requires packing to pre—
vent leaching. But on most, and es—
pecially heavy soils, with clay subsoil,
plowing should be deep. This, however,
should be gradual as, where several
inches of tenacious clay subsoil is brought
up, it would take a year or two to thor-
oughly refine it. An inch or two may be
safely added to the t0p soil at each sub-
sequent plowing until the depth required
is obtained. It should be remembered
that the greater the depth the soil is cul-
tivateo. the greater the liberation of plant
food. Plants can not penetrate or feed
in a cold, compact soil. Another great
advantage too often neglected, is under-
draining. Where water stands in the
soil at a depth to which the roots of
plants penetrate, good results can not
be obtained. Underdraining not only lib-
erates the soil from excessive moisture,
but increases its poracity, enabling the
air to penetrate it, so essential to the
well being of plants. The object of cul-
tivation is to maintain a refined condi-
tion of the soil which admits the air and
retains moisture as well as to free the
plant food, thus rendering it available
to the needs of plants. To do this to the
best advantage it has been learned that
the more numerous and finer the cultiva-
tor teeth, the better is the disintegra-
tion. Cultivators are now fitted with
teeth that can be set at any angle and
pulverize much better than the shovels
heretofore in use, that merely turned the
soil. Cultivation may, and should, be
deep in the incipient growth of plants,
thus preparing the soil for their future
growth. But as soon as the roots reach
out across the rows the cultivator should
be set to run not much more than two
inches and a fine surface mulch main-
tained. I have somewhat particularlzed,
as success does not depend upon any one
'thing, but in combining all of the essen-
tials necessary to approach nature’s de-
mands.

New York.

B. F. MACK.

HANDLING ALSIKE CLQVER FOR
SEED.

As I have been a subscriber to your
paper for some time and have not seen
an article on growing alsike clover, I
thought I would write to ask if you
would publish through the columns of
your valuable paper, an article describing
the best way to handle alsike clover for
seed, so as to make as good hay as pos-
sible. Also, how can I tell what time to
cut it to save so much seed from shelling?

Ingham Co. S. B. H.

The first crop of alsike clover is the
one to save for seed. Now it is impos—
sible to get a. good crop of fine seed and
have the hay worth very much. It is
really straw. or course, it is worth some-
thing for feed and it isn’t necessary to
leave this crop until it gets dead ripe be-

JUNE 3, 1911Q '

fore you harvest it any more than it Is
to leave a crop of wheat or cats or any
other. Therefore, the only thing to do is
to cut it 'just as early as you possibly
can and not have the seed ishrink. No
seed will shrink much after it is in the
doughbut you must not cut it while the
seed is in the milk. You can tell by mak-
ing a careful examination. Take a head
of the clover. select out the seeds and
press them between the thumb and finger.
If they are quite soft and milky it will
not do yet to cut it for seed, but if they
are past the milk stage and in the dough,
still soft, then you can cut it for seed
and there will be practically none of it
that will shrink. By raking it up before
it gets too dry, curing it as you would
hay, you can still have the straw worth
something for seed, although the crop
ought to be out before the seed gets in
the milk, to get its highest nutritive val-
ue as hay. COLON C. LILLIE.

DO FERTILIZERS RUIN LAND?

 

I would like some advice in regard to
the use of commercial fertilizers. I have
heard that when one commences to use
them once he has to continue and that
in time they will ruin his farm. I am
aware of the fact that they produce much
larger yields, which extends an alluring
invitation to continue their use, even to
the detriment of the land. I have heard
it said that valuable lands in Ohio have
been ruined by their continued use. Now
will some person that has had theexperi-
ence, or seen it tried out, please express
his conscientious opinion? I am aware
that perhaps this request will come before
manufacturers' eyes but I would not con-
sider them a reliable source of informa—
tion. Your paper is great, could not get
along without it.

Ionia Co. W. F. C.

I have used fertilizers now on my own
farm for about 25 years and I don’t be-
lieve that commercial fertilizers will ruin
land. A number of years ago I bought
a run-down farm and began to use com-
mercial fertilizers with a rotation of
crops containing clover in the rotation,
with the idea of improving the land and
growing profitable crops at the same
time, and I succeeded. By the use of
commercial fertilizers I had no trouble
in getting a catch of clover and I could

raise good crops of clover, good crops of'

wheat, and good fair crops of corn, and
at the same time I built up the fertility
of the land so that when I sold thi " rm
I could raise better crops wit "ny
fortilizeriwhatever than I did In g first
place 'with commercial fertilizer..”—Now.

this is a fact that is well known by ev-v

erybody who knows anything about this
piece of land. ‘

Where one, by the use of commercial
fertilizers grows larger crops and sells
them off from the farm he certainly is
taking more plant food out of the soil
than he does when he raised poor crops.
But when he supplies plant food in the
form of commercial fertilizer for the
crop over and above the natural yield of
the land, he is not exhausting the soil.
If you use, say, 100 pounds of commercial
fertilizer to the acre on wheat and this
gives the Young plant a good start and
you produce a big crop, it is very evident
that you don’t supply very much plant
food, but you give the plant a start so
that it gets more of the plant food in the
soil, and when you remove the crop you
remove more plant food than you would
if you grew a small crop. You can do this
for a short time and then you have to
supply more fertilizer. But you can al-
ways depend upon what is known as the
natural yield of the land. The plant has
the power of taking a certain amount of
the plant food out of the soil every year.
This becomes available in a natural way
and you can’t exhaust this. For instance,
Lawes and Gilbert, in their extensive ex-
periments in England, grew wheat on the
same field without manure for 40 years.
and the average yield for the entire time
was 13 bushels of wheat per acre. Now.
that can be said to be the natural yield
of the land. They can keep on growing
about this amount of wheat indefinitely,
but 13 bushels of wheat to the acre is
not profitable. We can’t live on that sort
of a yield and pay expenses. We must
have more, and the only way to get more
is to supply plant food in some way or
other. If you have got stable manure,
rse it, but if iou have not got stable
manure then you ought to supply it in
the form of commercial fertilizer. The
commercial fertilizers will not ruin the
land. “'e could have a. rotation of crops
with clover or grass in the rotation to
keep up the vegetable matter in the soil.
That is the only good common sense,
and when we do that there is no such
thing as injuring the land by the use or
commercial fertilizers.

COLON C. Lmun

 

 


 

 

 

JUNE 3, 1911.

  

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“Him will. , .-.”4~ -
A DIPPING TANK 9:} A HOG mum”

KREsd'DIP N9.I

WILL DO THE WORK .

THERE IS NO EXCUSE FOR LOUSY MANGV
V. UNTHRIFTY PIGS. IF VOU HAVE SOME
OF THIS KIND YOU WILL FIND IT WORTH '
WHILE TO GET OUR CIRCULAR ON
. TANKS AND WALLOW-S. IT TELLS
HOW TO MAKE THEM OF CEMENT

KRESO DIP NQI

IS A REAL NECESSITV
ABOUT ALL LIVE STOCK
FOR IIILLINa LICE.TICKS.MITES.FLEAS.
FOR TREATING SCABMANGERINGWORM,
AND OTHER SKIN DISEASES:
.TO DISINFECT.DEODORIZE,
CLEANSE a: PURIFY.

ALL OF THESE USES FULLY DESCRIBED
IN OUR BOOKLETS . WRITE FOR COPIES -
ASK YOUR DRUGGIST FOR KRESO DIP NO.I

PARKE,DAVIS 8: CO..

DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY.

 

   
     
 
        

/’
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~I)IETH(IIT-l‘lltlll~

     

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NEWTON’S H EAVE
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The firs or second $1.00 can cures leaves. The

 

     

 

  

 

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I GRIND CIIIIIIITIIIIIEII MID WORM EXPELLER

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THE NEWTCN REMEDY 00., Toledo, Ohio

 

  
 
 
  

 
  
 

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Live Stock Insurance Co.

The pioncer and leader in Live Stock Insurance,
Insures horses, mules and cattle
agamst death from any cause.

Write today for Complete details
of various policies.

HOME OFFICE—130 Main 81., CRAWFOBDSVILLE, IIIII.

Belgian, Percheron and Shire

~ Siallions and Brood Marc:

, 40 head of prize-winnners
to arrive March 25. Plenty
of mares in foal. A guar-
antee with each animal.

Prices reasonable.
lOESER 3808., Importers,

 

 

 

 

Dept. M, ngonlsr. Ind.

THE MICHIGAN FARMER.

 

   

... LIVE STOEE

 

 

THE MARE AND FOAL ON THE
FARM.

 

When spring unfolds her robe of green
and covers the laughing soil with tender
and nutritious grasses and herbs, then
should the new:b0rn foals come to the
farm. There is something in the softness
of the air, in the lengthening of the days
and in the very sounds and odors that
seems to awaken the maternal solicitude
of the mares toward their progeny. It is
the natural time for all herbivorous ani-
mals to bring forth their young. Colts
are a. product of sunlight. They need
fresh air and exercise to develop as they
should. There is need of painstaking
care when they are young.

Exercise is essential to the best growth
of the foal. Roaming about the pastures
and fields, the natural wear and tear of
traveling keeps his feet down somewhere
near the normal limit and by careful
attention it is easy to keep them level
and the toes of the right length. \Vatch
the wibbily-wabbly, awkward youngsters
playing on the green turf. How rapidly
their muscles and sinews become taut
and firm and their joints strong and sup-
ple. Outdoor exercise, fresh green grass
and plenty of pure water are the sub-
stances that go to build up that vigor so
characteristic of high—class horses.

Apart from the beneficial effects of out-
door exercise and green feed, the woun-
ing time of the foal comes during the
drying time of the year. Few mares give
enough milk for their foals during the
winter when they are feeding on dry
roughage and grain food. True, this may
be supplemented by The milk of the cow,
but the feeding of cow’s milk to young
foals introduccs problems that perplex
the best of feeders. Summing up, we
may range green grass, the exercise and
sunshine and the added production of
milk by the mare as the reasons for pro-
fering spring foals.

Providing a man knows his business the
brood mare is the most profitable farm
worker. She will perform a good sea—
son’s work and raise practically as good
a. colt as though supported in idleness
during the whole of the year. \thn
working brood mares one must avoid
heavy loads, hard backing and slipping
and crowding, and again, after fooling,
she needs plenty of feed to make milk in
her udders as well as repair waste in
her body. Oats and wheat bran make
an ideal grain ration. When her services
are needed she Should be worked easily,
gently and moderately, but never allowed
to become overheated.

\\'hat shall we do with the colt while its

mother is at work on the form? It is
best to keep him in a box stall in the
barn or in a shaded grove or orchard
while the mare is at work. \Vearily plod-
ding aftcr the mare across plowed ground
in the heat of the sun tires the fool and
is trying to the nerves of the drivcr.
‘ If the more must be worked bcfore the
foal is a. month old, it is best to come in
once in the middle of each half day to
give the more :1 poll of water and the
colt a chance to get a. lunch. After ho is
a month old and learns to cut outs and
bran a little can be placed where he can
help himself and he will pass the time
eating and will never get hungry or miss
his. mother. \Ve have the host success
weaning our colts at four or five months
old where the more has to work regu-
larly. By fccding skim-milk :Is a side
dish with their oats and bran the coils
never miss their mothers. Thcy should
have an opportunity, however, for exer-
cise and it is best to have two or more
run together. The colts will scldom cut
more oats and bran than needed when
they have the run of a pasturc, or are fcd
plenty 0f CIOVEI‘ halt It costs smneihing
to feed a colt as it should be fed, and
this is a good reason for not throwing
away feed on an inferior colt that barely
pays for growing and returns no profit.

The first two years of the colt's life we
are building the foundation—fixing tho
bony framework and the first six
months gives EL start toward dcvclopmcnt
that is absolutely esential if the best rc-
sults are to be attained. Give the mare
and foal the best feed and care that you
can during this period. In this way,
weaning time will he passed so easily
that neither mare nor foal will regard it
as more than a trifling incident. A
stunted colt is a stunted horse all his
life. There may be exceptions to this
rule, but they only serve to prove it. If
we raise colts that are capable of reach-

ing heavy weights we must feed them
liberally while young. ‘

The time to begin training the colt is
while his brain is soft and pliant. Then
is the time which we should improve in
building up habits of docility and useful-
ness. Teach the colt that you are his
master and his best friend. It is easier
to train the young plant before it is set
in some definite form. It is the same
with the c'olt for he has fewer ideas of
his own and is ready to accept the direc-
lions of a superior intelligence. \thn
the little foal is very young and ignorant
catch it, putting one hand at its breast
and the other behind it, and hold it
gently, letting it see that you are stron—

er than it. jtcpeat this each day. When
it is young, break it to the halter. This

is thc best time. Handle him gently.
Feed him some dainty he likes when you
go near him. Take time to fondlc him
and gain his affections. Teach him to
stand over, have his feet raised, and to
respect your commands. Then, when the
time comes to be harnessed there will be
no “breaking” necdod. Early training
has a great influence. upon the foal’s fu-
ture value.
New York. W, MILTON KELLY.

PREVENTION OF DISEASE AMONG
OUR FARM ANIMALS.

 

 

So much literautre is constantly being
distributed treating of the cure of dis-
eases among farm animals that the ob-
ject of this article is to call attention to
several conditions which will prevent dis-
cuses among the farm animals. It has
been found by carcful observation that
the majority of diseases among farm
animals are from improcer care, and es—
spccially improper feeding and watering.

It is a wcil established fact that a
horse may be given water after eating
hay, but not immediately after a feed1
of oats. Our investigators have found
that by watering a horse immediately af-
ter outing its grain, the gastric juice is
greatly diluted. Also, if a horse has been
eating hay and grain and then drinks its
usual amount of water, there is not room
in the stomach for the hay, grain andr
water; therefore a large amount of grain:
is washed out of the stomach into the}
intestines, and thus escapes the action of!I
the gastric juice of the stomach. If the;
work of the stomach has been cut short
by a full feed of water, then the intes-l
tines arc. ovcrworked, rcsulting in a large?
amount of feed passing on undigested andl
the animal gcts no good from it.

At this time of thc ycur cxtreme care,
should be exercised in rcgurd to giving;
too much grain to the work horse not,
accustomed to conccnlrulcd l‘ood {ill win-f
ter. Also, in the spring whcn horses are
first put to work, they (”'0 usually in .-I
good, thrifty condition, and the collar will
fit properly. After a fcw weeks of hard
work the animal will lose Ilcsh and the
collar is too large. The neck and shoul-
ders get sorc quickly and the horse is
unable to work.

In .his sumo connection, lhc form mo—
chincry, giving too much weight on the
necks, should be rcmcdicd in some way,
otherwise a sorc neck is Ihc I'csIIlI.

Colorado Agl. Col. C. L. BARNES.

 

OCTAGON SILO.

“'c are thinking of building {I luih and
plaster silo, using plans found in Michi—
gan Humor, and would likc to ask you
If an octagon shupcd silo \Vt‘llld 114:!
work? it Would bc cusicr to build as
you would not have to cut Ihc putcul
lath so many limos. in plustcring the
corners could be roundcd quitc :1 lot so“
Ihc Silage would sctllc cvenly. Also. how
thick should the pluslcr be on the lulh‘.’
The Silo will be 100124 feet.

Newaygo Co. ll. 12. B.

An octagon silo is not (is good {is :1
round silo in any way you can figure it.
You can't mukc. {Ill octagon silo and huvc
it as strong us 3 circular silo. You czm'i
build it {is cconomically. It will not be
as true and uniform on the inside and
the ensilugc will not settle as wvll :Is in
:In octagon silo as it will in a round silo.
'I‘hcrcforo. what is the usc of building an
octagon silo. You can build a circular
one cusicr, cheaper, and it is hotter.

The ccmcnt plaster on the 121th on the
inside of the silo docs not have to be
over thick. Just :1 good coat of mortar.
Just about as you would plaster a house.
Of course. it is impossible to get it just
exactly the same thickness. Just a nice,
even coat that will nicely spread over a
lath, I should say it ought to be a half
inch thick over the lath, is all that is
necessary.

COLON C. LILLIE.

 

 

 

 

 

m:

“A book that does him honor.”

Efficiency

in a horse or team depends
upon the quality of the
harness and its suitability
for the work for which the
animals are used.

There is a WILLIAMS’ har-
ness to fit every horse, and a
style for every kind of work;
thirty-one styles of single
harness, forty-four styles of
double harness.

No book on the subject of
harness and Saddlery goods ever
printed is so complete as our new
76-Page Harness Catalog. It’s
something more than a catalog;
it is an invaluable text book
that should be in the hands of
every horse owner.

«We printed a copy for YOU.
Whether you drive one horse or own
a hundred, you should not fail to
send for this new book. How to
save one-third on your purchases of
harness, saddles, blankels, robes, ily
nets and other horse and stable goods
is a revelation in store for you if
you havo nolyet seen this new catalog.

Lay this paper down just long
enough to write us a pOSl a1 card
this minute. Just say, “Send
me the new Harness Catalog,”
and add your name and address.

 

SEARS, ROEBUCK AND CO.

CHICAGO, ILL.

 

 

 

As “SAVE-TIIE-HORSE"
can make them

Asthey some-
tiuxcs are.

  
 

SOUND

  

MR. M. I". TRACY, OF
UNDER DATE OF MAY 1, 1911, SAYS:-"I USED ‘SAVE-
THE-HORSE' SOME TWO YEARS AGO AND WOULD
NOT TAKE $100 FOR WHAT IS LEFT IN THE BOTTLE
IF I COULD NOT GET ANOTHER BOTTLE.”

I’uI'IIM'IIlc. PIL—I‘IIII'loso #3 for bottlo oi "NIVu-tIIc—Ilors-o."
'l‘cu yrurs :1ng I purchased n butllu IIIIII cIrIn-Il tho worst bog

PONTANELLO, IOWA.

slun‘lll lt‘H‘l‘ SlIW. “ICU. ll. l.lll,\v. l( I". ll. A“. 2.
Al‘lnII, luwn. April Iii, ll‘ll“’lli‘l\'0 usml your IIIcIIiciuc, for
II ququr of ycurs. l‘uuuot l‘i‘I'UllilIIt‘lIll it tho highly. I IIIuI
:I IiIIc lllllt‘li Illl'l'0*_‘y'(‘£ll'-(ll‘l bin-ml llllll‘i‘ “lllt ll Imcuuxu so luiuo
in pnsloru joints slIc could not \\‘Illli. IIII'I Ilft‘ Mule Volt-rin-
;.I-I;Iu out: hc puuclurcrl and Iil'l'tl it, (‘luII'ycd IIIo Si?) and loft.
III-r in just us luul condition as bcforc. I IN split :1 bottle of
your rcIucdy and in about two wccks th.L more was as sound
us :L dollar. I“. ll hIIIl'l'lI.
"Snvolho-Horsc" noithcr burns nor froczcs uny-
thiug: neithcr is it blistering poison. It. is the most,
powerful.humane and safest. rcmcdy known to vcicrin-
ury soIcucc and pructicc. lmitulod and countorl'oitcd
more than any propurution ever made. (‘ould you hm'c
stronger cvulencc of its suprcmc and unequallcd
power? 'I‘Imc counts at this season. Scull toduv for it.
bottlo or iffin doubt, writc us. Dcscribc your “-1150.
Expert Veterinary Advice Always Free
Write for a copy of OUR SIGNED LEGALLY BINDING
CONTRACT—IT WILL CONVINCE; also Booklet and
Letters from Bankers, Business Men and farmers the world
over on every kind of use. 15 YEARS' SUCCESS.

s . .

$5.00 a BOHIO With SI ned CONTRACT.

This is a binding CONTRACT and pI'uIcI-ts purchnscr ub-
solntely in treating and curingr any cure of Bone and ling
Spnvin, 'l‘horoughpin, Ringvlmnc, (cxccpt low.l ('Iu-II. lelnl,
(‘tlppcd Hock. Windpufl‘, Hllochoil. Injured 'l'cmlnns and all
ancncss. No scnr or loss of hair. llorsc works as usufll.
Send for copy of contract, booklct on all linuenoss and lcitcrs
front prominent, business men, Imnkcrs. farmers and horse
owners the worldovcr on every kind of cnsc. At all drug-
giats and dealers. or express puid,

Troy Chemical Co., 20 Commercial Ave., Bingliamton, N. Y.

ALWAYS mention the MICHIGAN FARMER
when vou are writing to advertisers.

 

 

 


 

,596 (4)

VYYVVVV YVVYYVfiYfVVYVYfi

VETERINARY

AAAAAAAAAAMAAAAAAAAAAAA

CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR. V. S.

Advice through this department is free
to our subscribers. Each communication
should state history and symptoms of the
case in full; also name and address of
writ ir. Initials only will be published.
Many queries are answered that apply to
the same ailments. If this column is
watched carefully you will probably find
the desired information in a. reply that
has been made to some one else. When
reply by mail is requested, it becomes
private practice, and a fee of $1.00 must
accompany the letter.

 

YTV'Y
AAAA

 

 

 

 

 

Leucorrhea—Barrenness, Indigestion and
Colic—«My 11-year-old mare seems to be
healthy, but has a heavy White mucus
discharge from vagina and fails to get
with foal. I would also like to know
what to give a horse to prevent indiges-
tion and colic. H. F., Nashville. Mich—-
Your mare will not get with foal until
she is cured of chronic leucorrhea. One
of the least expensive and most effectual
remedies is made by dissolving 1 dr. of
permanganate of potash in a gallon of
clean water and washing out vagina
daily, using a small rubber tube and fun-
nel. Or dissolve 2 ozs. powdered alum in
a gallon of water. There are other rem-
edies which I use in my practice that are
perhaps a little better, but they are much
more expensive. “'ashing her out with
a soda solution daily will often prove
effectual; this is prepared by dissolving
1,. lb. bicarbonate soda in three quarts
of water. See treatment for indigestion
in this column. .

Coffin Joint Lameness—Conjunctivitis.
——I have a four—year—old horse that shows
considerable lameness in right fore leg,
especially when turning around and when
standing still points toe in front of body.
I also have a cow that is in good health,
but has a watery discharge from both
eyes. B. S., McBride, Mich. Give your
horse rest and blister coronet with cerate
of cantharides three times a month until
he recovers. Dissolve a teaspoonful of
boric acid in a pint of water and apply
freely to eyes two or three times a day.

IndigestioanVeak Back—I have a.
horse that is inclined to bite boards, lick
walls and eat mud. l have had his teeth
tiled and give him soda and charcoal. I
also have some pigs two weeks old that
show weakness in back. A. N., Perry,
Mich—Mix together equal parts ground
gentlan, powdered cinchona, powdered
quassia, and powdered charcoal. and give
horse two tablespoonl‘uls at a dose in feed
.two, or three times a day. The sooner
you feed him grass, instead of dry fod-
der' the quicker he will recover from his
stomach trouble. Your pigs should be
kept in a dry place, instead of a damp
one and perhaps they live in a draft.

Sheep has split hoof.——I have a pet
sheep that had one of her hoofs pulled
olf last year; we cared for it and she
seemingly recovered. The hoof grew long
and some time later it split and now it
is opened up ‘to flesh, making him ten-
der. I would like to have some advice
regarding the care of such a foot. B.
C., Argyle, Mich—Apply peroxide hydro-
gen to wound, soak foot in one part
bichloride of mercury and 1,000 parts
water, then cover sore with egual parts
boric acid and iodoform, cover that with
oakum, then wind with a bandage, that
has been smeared with pine tar and the
foot ought to get well. Before doing
this remove as much of the loose horn as
you can.

Calculi in Bladdcl'.——I am sending you
under separate cover a sample of a hard
substance which was passed with urine
from a five—year—old mare that was ship-
ped here from the West about a year ago.
She urinates quite often and her water
is thick and muddy. I gave her buchu
and juniper, but failed to see any im-
provement. At the sale barn where I
bought her i noticed several of them
passing the same sort of,\\'ater. O. N.
\'.. Millington, Mich—One oi‘ the best
known remedies for an ailment of this
kind is urolropian or urotone, which
acts the same. This remedy is a. com-
pound formed by the action of ammonia
on formaldehyde. Ilrotropian is decom-
posed in the kidneys with the liberation
of formaldehyde and thus disinfects the
urinary tract; therefore, it is an excel-
lent urinary antiseptic and a solvent for
uric acid calculi. Give your horse 3 dr.
doses two or three times a day for a few
days, then give it once or twice a day.
If it fails to produce the desired effect
increase the dose and continue giving it
three times a day. In my practice and
at my hospital this drug has given me
excellent results in the treatment of such
cases, but it is rather expensive.

linrrenness.—I bred five young sows
at seven months of age, to a strong,
healthy boar. Only one of the five sows
got with pig and she had nine. seven
dead and two that showed some life after
birth, but died in a few minutes. This
sow came in heat soon after farrowing.
l bred her and believe she is safely with
pig again. The other four sows have rlln
with the boar all this time and never
came in heat. so far as i know. but have
thought they might be with pig for a
while and then they would lose corpu—
lence. These sows have always had free
range and fairly well fed on corn and
buttermilk. I hauled buttermilk in bar-
rels which had been filled with boiled
linseed oil, but do not think this could
have caused them any trouble. G. l). S..
Ouinby. Mich—The sow that farrowed
dead pigs met with an injury. Your oth-
er sows may have ovarian trouble and
will never breed. Give each one 4 grs.
powdered cantharides at a dose in feed
once or twice a day.

 

 

q.

Thls m Hay Loam Delivery in.

     

 

“’1'” Save Your Dollars, 'Your Time and Your Hay

HIS is an age of specialization. The iack-of-all-tradcs is being outdistanccd by the master-of-onc. We have been

specializing in hay tools for more than twenty—cl ht years.
favorably known. More of them are sold than ofg
things first of all: eflia‘nq, durability and Jim;
You’ll find them prominent and ellcctive in our Hay Loader and Side Delivery Rake.

(idly. These three features are cardinal points of the

As a result Great Dain Line tools are superior, and most
any other kind of hay tools. In judging farm tools, on consider three

tDainlJne.

Their efficacy in due to the application of correct mechanical principles by the inventor, Mr. Joe. Doin. and to painstaking construction. It gives you
the assurance oi successfully finishing any job that you undertake with the lid of these tools. Their durability

with~ construction features that eliminate unnecessary working strain.

It takes courage to use costly material: in the
careful workmanship and quality features built Into

has gone to the scrap heap. To build strong. substantial machines thatwill stand
out—u a religion earth In. Be on the safe side. select I hav tool made by hay tool specialists.
chances—our reputation of twenty-eight years experience in but of that um.

The Great Dain Hay Loader

require- no one on the Ioodbof the driver.

my. ' .

r.

“mun »

return carrier to drag the hay back to the ground.

wrvveflgr;

ark.

laps the one preceding. It’s the

reasons why there are more Doin
you than any other kind.

' ~r~m To"

. the hay well forward when it can be easily handled. No

momcter test. this loader has proven to he the ligheot draft
louder on she market. The ground is practically raked twice
by the Dam on It in geared so every revolution of the nkc over-
' or made—no
long crooked crank shaft. nodrum cylinder. no return carrier
or rope: to rot. no twisted chains. no cams. or superfluou-
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remove: hay ll‘Olll‘lWlfh or windmw. Take: the hay from
the low places—passes gently over bumps and other obstruc-
tion: and reaches into every hollow. These are a few of the

_ is the rcsultol highest grade materials in connection
The" duplicity makes them clay to operate and dependable.

lacc‘ol cheap competition. Pretty paint can make an inferior machine look nice: but the high grade material.
Dam machines keep them in the field in splendid workin condition. lon after the cheaply made machine

the wear

It pushes
By dyna-

and

 

by uwlnglna'pltmans. Patented
at bottom turn up for windrow.

tongue for coupling with any be t wagon.
Geared to hav‘gtglathorlnfi

unsure greatest.
.- . Height of rites toga be regula

 

 

 

 

insure gluten-t craft
loom monahout this Dain e

 

fluffy
the air and quickly dried without sun uotcning and
bleaching. Air:
brings the highest price. If your boy Ihonld be
ruined upon. simply turn it over with this rake—it‘s a lake
and teddcr in one. Three sets of slowly revolving rake
teeth get all the ha: and turn it into loose. continuous
w'ndrows no gently that lcarccly a leaf is broken off.
Cushion ‘hprings take up the jar when driving over rough
ground.

apron load and re-
no wind lowing it’off. Canter whgels
and make turning easy.

(our of bar rue-cocoon in and oeaoon

When you see the name Doin on a hay tool you take no

I" The Great Dain Side~ Delivery Rake

No matter how heavy or how light the hay, this rake delivers it in

loose windmws where every wisp is exposed to

boy in sweetest. has best color.

This rake used in connection with the Don
or, nfiorda the quickest. best way of curing hay

‘ " and getting it out of the field.

loader. W” "e" Special Feature. of the Hay Loader
No long crooked crank ehaftfnle operated
ngodboard

Special Sid. Delivery Rake Foot-m

Teeth move with gentle motion;
harmless to tender products. Rake.
cleanly without gatherln trash. Steel
construction throughou makes it
practice.“ indestructible. All on
absorbed ycushlon springs. Ens reg-
ulation of bevel gears. Easily noted
to handle light or heavy hay

Delivery Rake—also about the Daln Vertical
Lift Mower—tho seven styles of Stackers—tho
five lean! Sweep Bakes and Dain Presses. All
Grea Daln tools have features that unquestion-

abl save hay growers time. labor and money. Con-
aul the nearest Dain Dealer. also write us in what
bay tools you are interested. and receive full descrip-
tion. together with a free copy at “All About Bay”
:he most interestln and practical book ever pub—

about bay. rite today.

“\t: . £11.;

.: “1.1!!!“ l I.’ '

n shank“: J
' ’f...’

AIN MFG. CO.

814 Vine Street
OTI'UMWA, . .

 

IOWA

 

PIGS FOR SALE.

I keep about 2400 cholera proof brood
sows and am selling fine grade
Yorkshire, Poland-China, Duroo and
Tamworth Weaned Pigs at $3 each.
ALVAH BROWN’S PIG FARM,
GRAND RAPIDS. . - MICH.

l. ll. “000K. 'aTgfim‘j" the Stock Auctioneer.
Write for terms and dates.

RTHUR S. WILCOX. Jerome. bllchlzan.
LIVE STOCK and REAL EST?TEA lio
WRITE FOR DATES AND Trim 8. I": "GOT-

BREBDERS’ DIRECTORY.
CATTLE.
ABERDEEN-ANGUS.

Herd. consisting of Trojan Ericas Blackbirds and
Pridos. only. is headed by risen . a TroJan Erloa.
by Black Woodlawn. sire of t 0 Grand Cham lon steer
and bull at the International in Chicago. 30.. 1910.
He is assisted by Undulata Blackbird Ito.

WOODCOTE STOCK

 

 

FARM. Ionla. Mich.

Guernsey Bull Calves For Sale‘fl‘fifizf
which are low. W. W. BURDIOK. Wayland. Mich.

G U E R N S EYS“?§F.§1?°i??c§i’“g‘i.l’igli

Tuberculin tested. Ballard Bros" 11.. 4. Ni es. Mich.

TOP N OTCl'l HOLSTEINS

Top Notch registered young Holstein Bulls oom-
bining in themselves the bl of cows which now
hold and have in the past held “'orld's Records for
milk and butter fat at fair rioee.;

MCPHERSON PAR S (30.. Howell, l'llch.

30 As Choice Holstein flows

as you will find anywhere in Ohio or Michi an. I
hope to sell 15 before Alfalfa haying time.
have your choice of one or 15. A few good bulls and
bull calves. E. OONNELL. Fayette. Ohio.

llolslein l-‘ricslan Caifle‘ggi‘l‘mfifi‘évo’ifi
ary Mercedes. W. B. JONES. Oak Grove. Michigan.
HOLSTEll-FRIESIH g:ii’me§.’izmt°§'sm¥“§:
O. Cows. E. R. CORNELL. Howell. Michigan.

ll0lSTl-IIN Bllll. CAL I"; Sale-From

R. 0. dams.
Sire has 7557: of the blood of the sire of Grace Fayne
2nd’s Homestead. E. COLLIER. Fowlerville. Mlch.

HULST‘EIN Bum

FOR SALE.

Some young bulls from 2 months to 8
months old, some out of A. R. O. dams—-
and all dams milking at from 9,000 to
15,000 lbs. 3. year. Breeding of the best.
Send for details and prices.

GEO. S. BlGELOW, Bloomipgdalo, Mich.

' —0 'th 11.12 dam and filb. g. damn
"“3an Bulls 3333311 nrveld De Kn! as g. sire. A
ring for less han can. glam 3 more at bargain prices.
NG BEA FARM. Augusta, Kalamazoo 00.. Mich.

FOR SALE“8.°%. E‘sg‘fifiil’f?‘m‘§'fifi
producing stock. 0. A. BRISTOL, Fenton. MiohlsiflL

OR SALE—Holstein Bull 2 years old 8125. Bull
Calves 6 months to 1 year to $100. End heifer-
$15n to $200. Oldest herd in Ind. Semi for Photos and
Pedlzreoo. W. 0. J not-on. 715 Rex St. South Bend. Ind.

r

 

 

 

HEREFORD ‘fi‘i‘hs‘iiy flig $911533?

China hogs. ALLEN BROS. Paw Paw. Mich.

BUTTER BRED JEiléfiysEHELs
CRYSTAL SPRING STOCK FARM.
Silver. Creek. Allegan' County. Michigan.

JERSEY BULLS-Ties.- ~Ages from six months to
maturity. Dams hi h producers.
Prices right. W. E. SHELDON. Litch leld. Mich.

LILLIE FARMSTEAD JERSEYS.

ma BULLS {Villas Signal St. L. No. 58197.
Jubilee’a Foxhall. No. 82299.
Bull calves sired by these great'bulls. and out of
r‘ ‘id‘dairy cows. many of them in test for reglster
of merit. Also a few heifers and heifer calves for
sale. Write for description and prices. Satisfaction
;. aranteed or money refunded.
COLON C. LILLIE. Coopersvllle. Michigan.

Oifical yearly

Register ol Merit Jerseys. m... A a...

lot of yo bulls from dams with oficlal records
of on Ron 9 and u wards of butter.

. F. MARS 0N. Bay City. Michigan.

EGISTERED JERSEYS For Sale—Some combin-

ing the blood of St Louis and Chicago “'nrld‘s

Fair Champions by HERMAN HARMS. Reese. Mich.

Dairy Bred Shortharns‘l’i’dé?”&.i“”p‘ff&
$65 cash or good note. J. B. Hummel. Mason. Mich.
DAIRY Sllolll’fltlllNS snakeskin:
weighed and records kept. A young bull 5 months old

for sole. Dam of Sire has averaged pounds per
day for-4 mos. W. W. Knapp. B. D. 4. Watervliet. Mich.

F O R S A L E‘gft‘fi‘émfimsl‘é’xfih‘li‘l

akin. JOHN SCHMIDT. R. No. 4. lleed City. Mich.
SHEEP.
Oxford-Down Sheep “131.533“

cattle fox-sale. J. A. DE GARMO. Muir. Mich.
-—Good Yearling F l el 01
Olford Down Sheep Rams and ewes of all ages
fol-sale. I. R. WATERBURY. Highland, Michigan.
' ~I have 100 ewes. amo them
Reg- Rambomuets all of my youngest an best.
also {15 own and ram lambs. Live 2% miles east of
Morrlce on G. '1‘. Road. AddresSJ. Q. A. COOK.

HOGS.

' ' —Growthy S rin Bears & Gilts

”an“ & Violol'las of choicest greefii from Prize
Winners. M. T. STORY. B. 248. Lowellf. Michigan.
BERKSHIRE PIGS combining the blood of the
. . Masterpiece and Premier

Longfellow famlllos—thc world's best breeding.
Price .15. C. D. WUODBURY. Lansing. Michigan.

BERKS H I R 551.2235. ”chain’s;

prices. H. \V. WIGMAN. Lansing. LIichlgan.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

' -—'l‘en gilts bred to the wonderful Duke
83mm": Pontiac Chief. to furrow in April or May
No better breedlng. G. 8. Bartlett. Pontiac. Mich.

BEBKSHIBES‘hed‘iKT’fiifi‘l‘.“tieé’l‘i'ifmflfii‘fi
passed. Prlce $15. 0. C. COREY. New Haven. Mich.

 

 

ERKSHIRE Yearling sow bred for July farrow.
B also two fall Gilts and choice lot of March furrow—
ed. (Pigs eith. sex.) A. A. Pattullo. Deckerville. Mich.

FOR. sALE—High quality full Berk-
shire Gilts. to {arrow in

June. Bred to the excellent young boar. Premier

Bacon 4th. Rousemont Farms. Detroit. Michigan.

 

DAMS 3308.. bitchfleld. lien. breeders of Imp. Chester
White and Tamworth swine. service boots, new: bred or
open. of either breed. Shorthorn Cattle. Buff Rock. Buff Wynn-
m. w, orpington, Ckll. all breeding stock leading winner-

—Bred gilts. males weighin from
00 lo Co SW8 1“) to 50 lbs. Price an ty
right. Geo. P. Andrews. Dansnlle. Ingham 00.. Mio .
__Maroh l with quality and boot pedi-
0. lo' Co mes. Brge

1- now and get first choice.
0. J. inourson. 0rd. mic“,

.liuroc Jerse

 

9 —Best quality. large growth)-
0'. I. C S For sale type, either sex. airs not
akln, some fine bred llta. choice lot of fa l pigs all
ages. OTTO B. CE

 

8 ULZE. Nashville. Michigan.
CHESTER WHITE fill? ll.“ iii:

business of raising, Chester-s and Holstein cattle.
Both Phones. . 0. WILSON. Okemoe. Mich.

0 I 0’s Bred sows all sold. 93 choice Mar. «I: A nil
- - I farrowed pigs either sex pairs not akin l c .
ickal. R. No. 1. Mtiiioe. Mic l.

 

in buyers name. Fred

0. l. 0. March rigs and Saws .0 {my

Au .
H. W. CLARK. B. F. D. 4. Brighton. Mfchiznn.

o I 058 —All a 5 young and 2 yearling
. n u I sows. so. 0 in pig. Price for a short.
tlme mto $30. H. II. JUMP. unith. Michigan.

I I I 'th I '
0. l. c. Chaise Spring Plgs, 2b.? 83.3.23“ Sill
get first choice. Alléiigs shim on a naval and Re .
roe. HARRY T. BAND . CA CITY. MI .

-My hard is chiefly
OI '- c- SWINE descent of the 803111
strain both males and femulea (let. my price befor
you buy. Will re later free of charge in purchaser's
name. A. J. G0 DEN. R. No. 2. Dorr. Michigan.

For Bale—A few lows b for
_ summer fan-owing and pring
plgs both sex. . A. BRAY. Okemoa. Michigan.

DUROC-JERSEYS‘fi'S%£“iz.¥:§
sale. CAREY U. EDMONDS. Hastings. Mic igan.
For Sale—Registered DurooJerslfryéswlrfie.

Both sexes. Bows or
BIRD FRANK. Molina. Mich.

 

 

 

 

 

 

July fax-rowing.

DURocs—fi Bred Bows. of hi uality. 10

. Excellent Boam y or service.
'75 Fall Pigs both sex. Write or come and see.
J. C. BARNEY. COLDWAT ‘R. MICHIGAN.

’ " _
Butler s Famous Wonders that. itm‘lm:
Chin“. Best_by every test. 20 fall boars ready for
sex-Vice, weighing up to 250 lbs. at 33) & :5 each. they
have got. to go. Also Jersey bull calves richly bred.
J. C. BUTLER. Portland. Mich. Bell Phone.

Bar ains—P. 0. Boats ready for service._fall
. mag. 6...... mrmhraaat‘mn
50%Agb-CEINAS_§0% ”gallium-36:2 i335:
. . amen & Son. Byron. hlawaesee 00.. Mich.
P 0 LAND-C H INA 5—3383: {(2%
spring pigs. woon a sons. Saline. Michigan.
I PAY "ll EXPRESS °n DUROC JERSEY
Pigs. JOHN E. Bnnonlnfirfinggf'nfigfiufiid
POLAND-CHINASfidgi‘efi. lg;

choice fall boars. B. J. LANE. No. 7. Clare. Mich.

lhree Extra Good Fall P. 0. Bears

By Next In Line. 32 sprin male pigs ready to shi .
I ship 0. 0. D. and furnis pedigree promptly. If
you want as the best. write me for prices.

WM. WAFFLE, Goldwater. Michigan.

BIC: TlYPE I’OLAND (i3HIPNARB0kARS. afimflé‘ail aid
or y sprln lgs. . . 0c e . . ’.
ROBE 'I' NEVE. PiersogfsMichlggrn.

ARGE TYPE P. O. Largest in Mich. Sept. (E ()ct.
pigs weigh $0 to 300 be. Sired by two largest
boars and from largest sows in State. Come and see
and be oonvrnced. W. E. Livingston. Parma, Mich.

FOR SélzhEéfiig Ivflonxsmgls PIGS.

uunnll-vlllnlllll' co. m limit, lllcll.

Lillie Farmstead Yorkshircs‘fiffo’." “1
Th

d
Oak_Lodge blood predominate . Largo on
serum boars. Pain and trios. got akin. £318.de moxie;
flames. WA fi'i‘llel lot of spring pig?“ Gislts bred for
em . 0 bout 0 on ea . ti f at
guaranteed. cows 0. mem. Oooporsvlllg. $1.13:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

”db.

 

1...

 

J-..
T

 

 

 

I

“mew.mm. A. -. ..... . ...- , .. .1..- _

JUNE 3, 1911.

(5) 597

 

LIVE STOCK NOTES.

In central Illinois farmers are not hold-
ing very large numbers of matured cat-
tle, and the dearness of feeders is check-
ing their purchase.

Lard dealers feel a good deal encour-
aged over the exceptionally heavy ex-
ports of this leading staple during the
last few months. The larger movement
is due to the decline that has taken place
in prices. '

“The herd law of South Dakota Will
probably curtail the output of beef for
the next five years,” says a cattle man,
“as it means increased settlement and
smaller cattle herds. However, in the
long run the state will be benefited, as
thousands Qf sgnall herds will replace the
hundreds of large droves inside of ten
years.”

'A live stock journal remarks that those
cattle feeders who think they should look
to Canada to produce their feeding steers
had better look around and make the
attempt to grow at least one steer more
to each 80 acres in the corn belt. It can
be done by a little increase in intensive
farming.

Recent investigations go to show that
the largest supplies of heavy beef cattle
now left in the country are held in Ne-
braska and South Dakota, although the
supplies of distillery-fed cattle in Illinois,
Indiana and Kentucky are on a fairly
large scale. Most of the farmers in the
middle west who are engaged in fattening
cattle for the market have marketed the
principal part of the heavy cattle, know-
ing that hot weather always greatly les-
sens their sale, summer demand center-
ing on fat yearling steers and heifers.

Overloading hogs in cars these hot days
is bad policy, as many dead ones are re-
moved on their arrival at their destina-
tions. \Yhere owners accompany their
hogs to market, after loading them care-
fully, better results are obtained, es-
pecially in cases where the hogs are wat-
ered frequently and sprinkled with water
at intervals. It is impossible to be too
careful at this season of the year, when
hot weather does such bad work, and it
is always best to avoid so far as possible,
shipping when it is extremely hot.

Mexico is reported as short on cattle,
and the revolution is checking the usual‘
movement of cattle from the southern
republic to Kansas and Montana pastures
for grazing, although some large ship-
ments were made earlier in the year to
the southwestern ranches. Some time
ago the large ranch owners in Mexico
foresaw the present revolution and lost
no time in disposing of their herds for
whatever they would bring, and the re-
sult is a present cattle shortage.

The Missouri experiment station has
given out the results of an experiment
lasting three years, which shows large
profits from feeding hogs on forage
crops. “The average income per acre
from ‘e-over forage was $34.11, from the
rape and oats $23.63, from corn and cow—
peas $29.08 and from blue-grass $17.71.
The estimates are all made on the basis
of 60 cents a bushel for the corn fed and
six centsa pound for the pork produced.

“lord comes from north central Mis-
souri that the spring pig “crop" is the
largest ever known, while a good many
fall pigs are left. Matured hogs have
been marketed at a lively rate this spring,
and the greater part are now out of the
way. Missouri farmers have a good many

 

 

E.

 

 

 

 

 

The Howard Watch

0 many men waited
so long for a practical
thin watch—that it is

no wonder the.HOWARD 12-
size Extra-Thin model took
the country by storm when
it finally appeared.

It is about as flat as two silver dollars
——and it is the only thin—model watch
that measures up to the HOWARD
standards of accuracy as a timekeeper.

The HOWARD watchmakers are the
most expert practical horologists in the
world.

They kept working on the HOWARD
12-size Extra-Thin until they had over-
come the difficulties and perfected a
watch fit to bear the HOWARD name.

It has the HOWARD hard-tempered
balance—wheel—a special‘HOWARD dis-
covery (exclusive and patented), which
does away with the strain of jolt and
vibration.

Send us your name on a postal card and we will send you—FREE—
our pamphlet—THE STORY OF EDWARD HOWARD AND
THE 'FIRST AMERICAN WATCH.
that every man and boy in this country should read. ,}

E. HOWARD WATCH WORKS %

Dept. No. 114.

. . wllil

 

 

It has the exquisite HOWARD adjust—
ment to extremes of heat and cold, to
isochronism, to positions. Thin, neat,
compact—in appearance as in perform-
ance it is a thoroughbred.

As an investment for service—for su-
perior convenience~or for the sheer
pleasure of owning the finest thing of its
kind—it is worth all you pay for it.

HOWARD Extra-Thin watches are
sold at fixed prices by HOWARD jewel-
ers everywhere—from the 17-jewel in a
Crescent of Boss gold-filled case at $40
to the 21-jewel in a 14K solid gold case
at $135.

Find the HOWARD jeweler in your
town. When a man makes a permanent
investment like the purchase of 8 HOW-
ARD Watch he naturally wants to see
what he is buying—he wants to get the
dealer’s expert advice. The HOWARD
Watch is sold only by legitimate jewelers
—and not every jeweler can sell you a
HOWARD. The jeweler who can is a
representative‘ merchant—a good man

 

 

to know.

It is a chapter of History l

 

 

 

Boston, Mass. J

 

 

 

spring lambs for marketing, but they are

 

 

 

 

expected to be shipped somewhat later.
than usual, the real movement showing
up in earnest by the middle of .lune. Few-
er cattle are in dry lots than at any time

in the last ten years, and farmers are
slow in putting stockcrs on their pas-
lures.

The present inspection of hogs at the
Chicago stock yards by government in-
spectors stationed there is very rigid. All
badly pregnant sows, hogs with bunches,
boils, etc., as well as hogs with cuts on
the hams and shoulders, are thrown out.
Dead hogs arriving at the stock yards
bring a cent per pound when they weigh
100 lbs. Hogs under 100 lbs. are worth-
less. Dead cattle and sheep sell accord-
ing to the value of the hides and pelts.
“Bob,” or “deacon” calves are con—
demned. Lumpy—jaw cattle and diseased
meats are condemned.

 

on the marke

Ohio’} fact

All steel construction—Steel.
ltman and plunger mounted on

roller comings—Smooth, silent action—-
No jar or Jerk—Speed up to 35 strokes per minute.
preA‘ngognaticfilgloctk Dropper—drops block at right time—
n s ace en a or in'ur to UJCX‘atOI’B an ‘
loss of time. The “Ohio” isJ y I d “~de

The Only Automatic Hay Press

luau ‘ , t. Investigate our non-breakable. automatic rellcf clutch fccdcr. Powerful and eificlcnt.

bringigreat capacity. Our book explains details of various features. Mailed free. We don't ask you

uy, 5 mply 1I‘VGSl'JlgaIe before investing your money-ltememiicr back of our press stands the “Famous
cry—a. positive guarantee of best service and highest quality. Write pom“ now—address

10 6-0hio St.

THE OHIO GULTIVATOR 00.

 

Bellevue, Ohio

 

Hone Owners Should VD.

GOMBAULT’S
CAUSTIC ‘BALSAM

The Great French Veterinary Renting.
A SAFE, SPEEDY a POSITIVE CU .

Prepared exclusively
b J. E. Gomboult. ox-
eberinarg Surgeon to
ghedFrenc Government
u .

    
    
  
 

SUPERSEDES All. CAUTERY on name.

Impossible to produce any scar or blcmuh.

The safest best Blister ever used. Takes the

lace of all liniments for mild or severe action.
Removes all Bunches or Blemishes from Horse!
or Come.

As 3 HUMAN REMEDY for Rheu-
matism. Spralnl, Sore Throat, etc, it
is invaluable.

WE GUARANTEE that one tablo-
opoonful of Can-"c Bullam will produce
more actual results than a whole bottle of any
linlment or s avin cure mixture ever made.

Every bott e of Caultlc Balsam sold In
Worranted to give satisfaction. Price 31.50
per bottle. Sold by druggists or sent by ex-
press, charges paid, with full directions for m
use. Send for descriptive circulars, testimm .
ultimate. Address

I'll] LAWBIllcl-WILLILIS COIPAEY, ClovolnndTOhio.

 

 

 

 

KILLS ALL TlCl
()Nli l)ll’l’l;\‘(;

64 years experience prove truth of this
statement. Every tick and nit absolutely

destroyed if you use

Cooper Dip,’

The only dip that kills ALLtlcka in ONE dipping——
Cooper‘s is sure scab destroyer. Increases growth
and improves quality of wool. Perfect skin tonic.
Results considered is cheapest dip on market.

on 300 million sheep annually. Handsome Colon.
(hr and booklet free if you mention this paper.

Prices: 25 gal. pkt. 500 100 gal. pkt. 81.75
Ask your dmgzlst or write
WM. COOPER & NEPHEWS
64 W. Illinois Street Chicago. In.

srors
ABSORB'NE umzuzss

from 8. Bone Sxavin, Bing Bone,
Splint, Curb, Si 0 Bone or slmilar
trouble and gets horse gom sound. Doe.
not. blister or remove he. hair and
horse can be worked. Page 17 in pamphlet.
with each bottle tells how. 62.00 a bottle
delivered. Horse Book .9 free.
AB ORBINE, JR., liniment for man-
kind. Removcs Painful Swellings,En,larged
Glands Goitre, Wens, Bruises, Varicose
Veins, Varicosities, 01d Sorcs. Allays Poll).
Will tell you more if you write. 61 and $2 a bottle
It dealers or delivered. Manufactured only by

VLFJOUNG. P.D. F..268Temnle St" SnrlngfleldMafl.

MLNERAIE.
REMEDY

 

 

 
  
 
  
       
   
      

NEGLECT,
Will lluln
Your Horse ,

Setna to day ‘ E
°’ °" 5’ $3 PACKAG
PERMANENT Will cure any case or

,-. money refunded.

SI PACKAGE

Cures ordinary cases.
SAFE Postpaid on receipt of

   

.. ' price. Agents Wanted. A,
CERTA'N- .! Writofotdelcrlptivobooklct. 5?.

mlnml llaavo Ilomody 60.. 483 fourth Av... Pittsburgh.

  

 

 

Please mention the Michigan Farmer when
you are writing to advertisers.

 

The Texas ranges have shipped upwardl
of 300,000 hcad of cattle this spring tol
the rich pastures owned by the Usage,
Creek and Cherokee Indian nations in
Oklahoma, and in addition to these cat-
tle, 10,000 head of old—fashioned long-
horn cattle have been brought in from
the Mexican republic, paying the regular
duty levied on such stock. The prime
blue-stem grass that grows so luxuriantlv
in the Oklahoma pastures puts flesh on
cattle rapidly, so that herds pastured the
middle of April mature and are ready to
be marketed by the middle of JulV. It
costs only 25 cents to $1 an acre to pas-
ture these cattle.

Henry Towers, the large dealer in
meats, of London, says that no less than
70 per cent of all the chilled and frozen*
beef imported from foreign countries for;
British consumption comes from Argen—
tina and l'ruguay. Live cattle are not
imported from the South American coun-
tries for fear of cattle fever, while steers
on the hoof are imported from the United
States, though in constantly decreasing
numbers, the imimrtations being only
138,000 head last year, compared with
400,000 head in 1904. This indicates to
Mr. Towers the swift approach of the dav
when every fat steer and every pound of
frozen meat produced in the United
States will be kept at home, while in the
next generation he believes this country
Will be an importer of meats. Argentina
on the other hand, with a population of
only five to the square mile and with ex-
tensive ranges, the natural breeding
ground of cattle, he believes will supply
other countries for an indefinite period.

 

H___._.__ -s --.

\
\.

  
 

 

runty, “off-feed,”

and

equal as a worm

“I never e cted ouch :- suits. L— I

it came in woui hold. “'3 also a ngngfaonflfnielflfllfirm than the keg
G. B. Coflfiigarzer,

f

a ,. ‘Z "i x
. . i . -.
,. .fi-fiq‘ll ill;
‘ r ‘V

., . .
you can raise pi

e{.

gs

V no

ES SIR.

    

 

 

. and hogs withou
raise far better ones, too. If your hogs and pigs are sickly,
. cough. have fever. act. dull and listless—the trouble
is no doubt stomach and intestinal worms. You're risking serious
1038 every day and inviting disease into youth

ru Rid Yourugls of Worms SAL
Before You Pa — '

I’ve done it. for t,

erd.

Me 3 Cent

housands of hog miners and farmers with SAL-VET days. I ask no pay.

here is a sum le of what. they say of the ONE rcmed that. has no boon to healthier. thrifty stock — a saver ‘

Rea this letter: . of feed, time and worry. You feed it: like ¢"

salt. The onimnlqdochor theixlnselves. No drench-
B.

estroyer and tonic conditioner.

. or ha
Shepardstown, W.Vn. an end your worm worrie

Sidney R. Fail, ”98., THE So no FE'L 000, D

'Prlcest 40 lbs, $2.25; 100 lbs, 8.5; 2001ba., $9; 3001bs.,

v." .'

.Pie Wthou

  
 

.1.

a «'v

t worms and

 

"ADI-“AID‘

Juana“:

in: dosing, doping n

do MJ’. Cleveland, 0.

; 5001ba., 82111—0

   

"i believe your SAL—VET kept my ho a from h '
neat; but. my neighbors all around me lost. liggs almostagit out exception.

SEND NO MONEY— Send'coupon only , 0.53s

SAL-VET is equally good for sheep. lambs. ,v' («$2,315.30

horses and cattle infected with ' ~ ‘ 6‘ \ \ ‘
. Fill out. the coupon now --I will 2311;?“ "'6‘ ‘9‘: ‘Kcloo‘L ’x’ x” x
‘ £519 proper amount. to last our stock 4‘ ' Ago 0,5: c" ,x ,x f."

days—you Day thee l ‘ " 0 V ”o " " ’ ’
charges and if you agfiiotfii‘ifiht ' V o . l l ’

feotlyl satisfied at. end of
ou’ll find SAL-VET a a ‘0‘,

‘ 0 ¢ 9 . , ,r ' We
a o c. . o ,— , _ Q 6
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598 <6)
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The Lawrence Pub. 60.,

Detroit, Mich.

 

 

 

 

DETROIT. JUNE 3. [9".

 

CURRENT COMMENT.

 

That the topic selected
Recreations for for special discussion in
the Summer. June through the col-
. umns of the Michigan
Farmer will bring out some new ideas
on this important subject is already as-
sured. The first contribution to the dis-
cussion of this important topic will be
found in the Farmers' Club department
of this issue. In the article referred to
a Kalamazoo county lady tells how the
annual school meeting in her community
was made to help fill the long felt want
of "Social Needs and Recreation for
the Summer” through the efforts of the
ladies of the neighborhood. There is no
question but that the example of the
ladies in this community is worthy of
emulation by those of many other Michi-
gan communities. The annual school
meeting is, in far too many cases, a. liv-
ing reproach to the public spirit of those
citizens who should make the school a.
subject of solicitous thought and con-
scientious effort, and we hope that every
Michigan Farmer reader will carefully
scan the article above mentioned in
which this novel, but highly beneficial
plan of combining business and pleasure
to the undoubted benefit of the commu-
nity is described.

Also, there is no doubt that the social
organizations, which we are glad to note
are more numerous among the farm com-
munities of Michigan than those of any
other state in the Union, can be made
to serve a valuable purpose in the way
of furnishing recreation and supplying
the social need in any farm community,
just as the Farmers’ Club is described
as doing by the author of the article
mentioned. The farmers of Michigan
are to be congratulated upon having so
many active Farmers' Clubs and Granges
to serve them in this manner, but there
is still room for very many more similar
organizations in the state, and while the
busy summer season may not be the
most propitious time to effect their or-
ganization, it is a good time. to get in
touch with them and learn something of
the benefits to be derived in a social way
at least, from a membership in such an
organization. Very many of these or-
ganizations have special picnic meetings
during the summer season to which all
are welcomed, and every farmer in the
state who lives within reach of one of
these purely social gatherings will find it

.I )1Il

l1.:

 

 

..

THE MICHIGAN FARMER.

to be a. day well spent to attend with his
family.

But, valuable as are these means of
satisfying a pressing need for social en-
joyment and recreation, every member
of every farm family will enjoy a little
outing which will supply a. change of
scene and environment, and many such
may be taken at comparatively small
expense of time and money if they are
carefully planned with that object in
view. It may be in a week-end water
trip, a visit to city relatives, a brief out-
ing on the banks of some not too distant
lake, with which Michigan is so liberally
blessed, or even an occasional excursion
by rail, which would be tiresome lnde'ed
to those whose business requires that
they do considerable traveling, but which
may furnish just the change and diver-
sion needed by the farm family, the mem-
bers of which have been closely tied at
home during the busy season until the
tiresome monotony of their daily tasks
have become wearing to the point of
enervation. In fact, it matters little what
the form of recreation may be so long as
it supplies, in a measure, the need of
change and something of social enjoy-
ment, and we hope that other Michigan
Farmer readers may come forward with
suggestions as pertinent as that above
referred to, by means of which that end‘
may be served with benefit to the com-
munity as well as the individuals who
participate in the pleasures of the oc-
casion, for that result is indeed a double
benefit.

With the publi-
The Outlook for Wool cation of the re-
Brightens. port from VVash-
ington that the
majority leaders in the lower house of
congress have abandoned the idea of
making free wool the basis of their at—
tempt for the revision of schedule K,
there has been an improvement in the
tone of the market and the confidence of
dealers which has been reflected in the
more active buying of wool at interior
points and a slight advance in the prices
offered at some shipping stations. Of
course, there is still a great uncertainty
as to the future course of tariff legisla-
tion, but from present indications it
would appear that the de ocratic pro-
gram would provide for a” advalorem
duty on wool ranging somewhere from 30
to 50 per cent, with a possible provision
for a gradual decrease in the rate for a.
term of years. Of course, the adoption,
or even the serious consideration of this
program may be long delayed or even
indefinitely postponed by the future trend
of events political in the country, but when
such a program is definitely agreed up-
on, an element of still greater uncer—
tainty will be eliminated from the wool
market, and the outlook for the immedi-
ate future will be considerably bright-
ened.

It is the invariable tendency to antici-
pate the worst when a. condition of un-
certainty prevails regarding the future
status of a. staple product, and this has
been the attitude of the wool trade dur-
ing recent months. But the partial elim-
ination of the prevailing uncertainty with
regard to the future, has stimulated the
activity of the market in wool trading
centers, as well as in the country, and
there were more liberal movements of
wool at slightly stronger prices in Boston
last week as compared with previous
weeks, although that activity did not ex-
tend very largely to fleece wools from the
bright wool states. Recent advices, how—
ever, are to the effect that 19 cents is
being offered at some Michigan points
for the best grades of Michigan wool, in
comparison with a. top quotation of 18
cents during recent weeks. While the
extent of the improvement in the tone of
the market will doubtless depend largely
upon the amount of wool which moves
from growers’ hands. it is hardly prob-
able that the trade will become overly
optimistic under present conditions, and
the future of the market is likely to re-
main an uncertain factor for some time
to come.

As the bear-

Hope for the Defeat of ings before the
Reciprocity Strengthens. Senate Finance

Committee DPO-
gress, and as the desirability of amend-
ing the house bill in important particu—
lars is suggested by senators who were
supposed to be favorable to the admin-
istration program as outlined in the
agreement, the hope of those who are
opposed to the agreement as unjust to
the agricultural interests of the country
has been strengthened. Also the friends
of the measure are weakening in their
confidence that it will be passed by the

 

sdnate in its present form. Even Presi:
dent, Taft has expressed fears for the
outcome, and the,” opinion that the‘ bill
will be amended by the senate in import-
ant particulars has become so general
in Washington, thht the majority lead-
ers of the lower house of congress are
said to be planning to effect a deadlock
in the conference committee which, in the
event of the amendment of the bill, would
eventually be appointed to compromise
the differences of opinion between the
two houses of congress.

In a recently published statement Pres-
ident Taft has expresed the fear that the
ultimate defeat of the measure would
make it exceedingly difficult for his party
to bring about the reduction of other tar-
iffs, and intimates that the oppositiori of
the farmers of the country has been en-
listed by the big interests who fear fur-
ther reductions in tariff schedules which
would apply to their commodities. So far
as Michigan is concerned, however, we
feel thatwe are in a. position to know
that President Taft is mistaken in this
latter idea. There is no question but
that the opposition of» the farmers of
Michigan to this pact is the result of
their own good judgment as to the man-
ner in which it would affect their inter-
ests, and we believe that this is equally
true with the farmers of other sections
of the country. Hadthere been a gen-
eral lowering of tariff schedules as ap-
plied to Canada, instead of an attempt
to apply free trade to farmers’ products
and leave adequate protection on all oth-
er products, this general opposition from
the farmers of the country would not
have developed, and President Taft’s de-
fense of the Payne-Aldrich tariff law was
not calculated to inspire them with the
idea that he was after “the interests” in
promulgating this agreement. We wil-
lingly reiterate our confidence in Presi-
dent Taft's unquestionable honesty in
his advocacy of this measure, but cannot
abandon the conviction that it is a mis-
taken zeal. Nor can we permit to
pass unnoticed from any source the sug-
gestion that the farmers are being “used"
in the defense of the “big interests” in
this crisis. Their inteligence and fear-
less independence will continue to make
them in the future; as they have been in
the past, the bulwark rid balance wheel
of the nation in the e‘ .se of their right
of franchise, as well as in the develop-
ment of a. healthy public opinion, nor can
they be rallied to an unjust or unwise
support of any “interest" because of their
defense of their own welfare in this
Crisis.

The Yearbook of the
The 1910 Yearbook. Department of Agri-

Culiure for 1910,
which is now being distributed, comes
out in the usual form, and contains the
usual amount of general and special in-
formation. In addition to the general re-
port of the department and the usual
statistical information regarding the ag-
ricultural products of the country, this
volume contains 28 special articles by
department experts on different phases
of agricultural production. Three of these
special articles relate to forest preserva-
tion, two are on the subjects of irriga-
tion and dry farming, one deals with the
eradication of bovine tuberculosis, while
others touch upon the grading of cream,
the handling of eggs, the supply of and
wages paid for farm labor, nitrogen-
gathering plants, yields of corn from
hybrid seed, crop plants in paper mak-
ing, co-operation in the handling and
marketing of fruit, food value of cheese,
etc. The book contains over 700 pages,
49 full page illustrations, and 31 text fig-
ures. The volume is free upon request
to your United States senator or repre-
sentative. \\

 

HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.

National.

The primary school fund for the year
1910 amounted to $6, 084. 369. The state
tax for the same year aggregated $4, 729. -
000. All but 14 of the counties of the
state received more from her than they
paid back in regular taxes.

Milk inspectors dumped 1,000 gallons
of milk in the Detroit sewers last week
because it was not properly chilled when
put on trains.

Arizona and New Mexico were admit-
ted to statehood last week by a vote of
214 to 57. The constitutions submitted
by the pedple of these commonwealths
failed to fully meet the approval of con-
gress, and the federal body requires the
new states to vote upon certain provi-
sions. If the people approve the provi-
sions then the constitutions stand as sub-
mitted to congress, otherwise those fea-
tures will be eliminated.

Pi'esident Taft has refused the granting
of pardons to Charles W. Morse the
former New York banker. and John R.
Walsh, 9. Chicago financier. The former

JUNE 3, 1911.

is. serving a. fifteen-year sentence *at At-
lanta; Ga... and the latter a five-year sen-
tence at Fort Lea.venworth, Kas.

School boys of Texas have organized

weed- -cutting companies. Each company.

is assigned a certain territory to destroy
the weeds upon.

The American battleship Delaware will
be the largest war vessel at the corona.-
tion at London.

Nineteen New York poultry magnates
are on trial upon the charge of having
formed a. combination in restraint. of
trade.

The Illinois legislature passed the worm
an's ten-hour law.

The state of Wisconsin erected a men-
ument in memory of federal soldiers who
died in the campaign about Vicksburg,
Miss, at that place. The monument. was
unveiled last week.

The agricultural department has sug-
gested that farmers sell their eggs
through creameries as a. less costly
method of disposing of them.

Mrs. E' H. Harriman, widow of the late
railroad magnate, is planning to erect a
large university somewhere on the Pacific
coast in memory of her husband. The
institution will surpass all like institu-
tions of its kind in the world.

For the first time in the history of the
post office department of the country, the
revenues will pay all expenses and leave
a surplus of over $1,000,000. This, Post-
master-General Hitchcock states, is the
result of the introduction of new methods
in too department.

The house of representatives is investi-
gating the methods of the steel “trust."

Five persons were killed and another
fatally injured when an electric car
struck an automobile at Los Angeles,
California.

The supreme court of the United States
renders its decision in the tobacco “trust"
case this week.

Five persons were drowned in Toledo.

Sunday.
Foreign.

Japan has expressed an approval of the
proposed peace pact between her and the
United States.

The Mexican government is now in the
hands of the insurrectos. Porfiro Diaz.
who for 30 years has been at the head
of that government, left the capitol build-
ing last Thursday and secretly treveled to
Vera Cruz where he took ship to Spain.
Francisco Leon de la Barre. is the new
president of the republic.

The population of Ireland has decreased
during the past, ten years 1.7 per cent.
the recent returns showing the number, of
inhabitants now to be 4,381,951.

Shipping is at a. standstill at Amoy,
China, due to lightermen going on strike.

Unless unforeseen opposition hinders,
Russia will in the near future abolish all
pass ports, making it. possible for Ameri-
can Jews to go that country on business.
Now they are prevented from doing so.

Chili and Peru show signs of having
trouble over the question of who 'bhould
have domain of the provinces of Arica
and Teens.

Perfect order was had during the elec-
tions in Portugal. The monarchists did
not nominate candidates and for this rea-
son it is anticipated that the returns will
show the republicans
victorious.

Twelve aviators started in the race be-
tween Paris and Turin on Sunday in the
presence of thousands of speCtators. The
starters were sent off without mishap.

Two were killed and 20 hurt during a.
storm which passed over Pekin, Ill., Sun-
day.

Emperor Francis, of Austria, is report-
ed seriously ill.

It is asserted that 4,000 Mexican refu-
gees are on the American side of the
Mexican line and will have to be fed by
this country. or they will starve.

 

CROP AND MARKET NOTES.

 

Calhoun 00., May 20.—VVe have not had
a heavy rain for nearly three weeks, and
have had very warm weather during this
time. It- has been an ideal time for the
blossoming of fruit, but some winter
varieties are not blossoming full, es—
pecially Spies and Baldwins, so far as I
have observed. Other fruits have blos—
somed full. Old strawberry beds are
looking quite well, though plants did not
set thickly last season as there was little
rain at the time runners were setting.
Newly set plants are not doing well, and
we —will have the poorest stand we have
had for many ears, and will have to fill
in after we get a good rain, or do so in
August. New seeding can hardly be
found. and even the meadows are taking
on a deadened appearance in the middle
of the day. Wheat has been looking well
but is not growing much now. It has
come through the winter and spring well
thus far.

loses 60., May 23.—May started in
very cold, with snow and frost the first
week, with excellent farming weather
throughout the middle of the month. Oats
all sowed and looking well. Not much
corn planted yet. The weather condi-
tions have. been very unfavorable for
farmers to get in their crops for the past
ten days. It has rained more or less
every day since May 15, and still raining
today. The heavy rains have started hay
and fall crops and prospects are for a
bumper crop. Farmers have nearly all
their plowing done at this date, and with
favorable weather conditions for the next
two weeks spring crops will be nearly all
planted. Markets as follows: Oats, 35c;
corn. 35c; potatoes, 400; eggs, 15c; but-
ter,18(-.; cows selling at $50@60 per head.

Gratlot 00., May 23. —-Favorable weath—
er conditions have prevailed throughout
the month of May. Corn is quite gen«
erally planted and many fields are up.
Some few will not plant before late this
week or the last of May. Wheat, oats
and rye promise fair and it seems safe
to predict even better harvests than last

(Continued on page 606).

51.1,, . 3‘3.

overwhelmingly ,

 

, ”mi.-. -hv _

 

 

 


 

 

“k. aflwwh- -——..,...._. m~¢

 

 

 

LITERATURE
POETRY
HISTORY an?
INFORMATION

 

 

This Magazine Section forms a part of our paper twiCe a month. Eevry

\

 
 

 

Magazine Section }

 

77w FARM BOY
an? GIRL

SCIENTIFIC an?

MECHANICAL

 

 

 

article is written especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere

 

 

A MODERN BETSY ROSS—Uncle Sam’s Flag Factory

HO in all this broad land has not

QR] heard the name of Betsy Ross,

the first flag—maker of Uncle
Sam? Her name has been glorified down
through the years like that of a subli-
mated saint, and more than one home in
our United States displays a lithograph
picture of the prim little old-fashioned
woman, sitting on her bare piazza work-
ing on the stars and stripes. At that time
there were fewer stars to emblazon on
Old Glory, but even so, when the first
flag was completed by her skillful hands
it was considered quite the most dis-
tinguished and remarkable service any
woman had ever performed for the na-
tion.

Everybody knows this story, but how
many people know that there is a second
Betsy Ross in our midst who deserves
quite as much credit and appreciation as
the first flag—maker, for where Betsy Ross
turned out only one flag, our modern
Betsy turns out thousands. iut few peo-
ple who visit the Brooklyn Navy Yard
have any idea of What goes on within
the grim old military walls. Fewer still
know that I'ncle Sam maintains a gov-
ernment flag factory on the third floor of
the equipment department, and that is
where Betsy Ross No. 2 presides over
this branch of Uncle Sam‘s business,
where she is known as Miss Mary A.
\Voods. In fact, she. is a modest little
woman, this really important personage,
who is so busy making flags that she
does not take time to become inflated
over her own importance.

Thirty years is a long time to be in the
employ of Uncle Sam, but that is Miss
\Voods’ record. She was just a slip of a
girl a quarter of a century ago, turning
out filmy party gowns for fair Knicker-
bocker dames, when she suddenly tired of
this frivolous occupation and decided to
turn her attention to more serious work.
That was when it occurred to her to get
into Uncle Sam’s good graces and offer
to make flags. At first Uncle Sam’s as-
sistant was not so sanguine, although
Miss “'oods’ credentials were all that
could be required. However, he gave the
applicant some “piece work" to take to
her home as was the custom in those
days. Besides, this was the easiest way
to settle an enthusiastic aspirant. Like
lirer Rabbit, Miss \Voods lay low, know-
ing that her time would

By Louise E. Dew

she would hardly believe her own eyes.

To the layman it; may sound very puer-
ile to speak of “cutting” as such a re—
markable accomplishment; but that is
what it really is, and of all its intrica-

In the first place you are obliged to
know all about flag-making, not only our
own stars and stripes, but the emblems
of other countries as well. You must
know just how to fold the long rolls of

 

 

 

 

 

Every Star Must Be Carefully Basted in Place.

cies and mysteries, Miss \Voods is past
mistr’ess. Cutting a dress or coat does
not require half the skill or originality
or precision that cutting hunting for flags
does, nor does the home seamstress have
half the shoals to fear that Betsy Ross
No. 2 does. In truth, it requires some—
thing more than a pair of shears to cut
bunting and make flags for l'nclc Sam.

bunting deftly and quickly, So several
strips can be cut at a time. It takes a
level head to plan all this. But Miss
\Voods loves the beautiful, soft. all—wool
material, and takes great pride in dis—
playing it even before it is made into
flags. The vclvets, silks and laces of her
('lrcssmaking days seem lliiusy compared
with the fast-colored buntings which she

proudly states, “are the choicest output
of the Lowell mills.” .

imagine using 150,000 yards of bunting
in one year: and ten years ago not 40,000
yards were used. it costs Uncle Sam
something like $70,000 to transform 150,—
000 yards of hunting into flags—$50,000
for materials and $20,000 for labor.

But to be more specific about cutting,
this is the way Miss \\'oods does it" First
a. roll of bright colored hunting is deftly
unrolled on a long bench; then another is
placed over it, and so on until several
layers are spread before her. These are
weighted at each end, and a long chalked.
line is drawn from weight to weight, at
just the right intervals where the strips
are to be cut. \\'ith a little twang of the
string, Miss \Yoods leaves a white mark
on the bunting. it looked easy, but .[
found that it was not so simple, for I
twanged and twangcd the string, and
nary a. mark did it leave! The next proc-
ess is to remove the. weights to the. sec-
ond interval a distance which is meas-
ured by an accurate pair of eyes that can
tell at a glance the splice it is necessary
to bridge. ’l‘his pl‘m'css continues until
the entire. width of bunting is marked for
cutting, leaving the selvage for the, out-
side strip of the flag. .\ huge pair of
government shears are then brought into
requisition and the strips are cut so rap—
idly that it seems only a moment before
Bliss \\'oods is ready to “walk the chalk
line" again.

(‘uttinpr is one of Miss Woods' more re—
cent accomplishnients as she never un-
dertook it until the Sivanish-American
war. In fact, she was so busy looking
after her assistants, making patterns and
attending to the. thousand and one details
incident to llag making that she had no
time for this Work. '\\'hen it became.
necessary, however. she planned even
more systematically, rolled up her sleeves,
figuratively speaking. and ran a race cut-
ting bunting—a regular Marathon, for
hundreds and thousands of miles were‘
cut that first year to keep pace with the
tremendous output.

Milking patterns is another duty which
falls to the lot of Betsy Ross No. 2. This
is no small task, as can be imagined
when it is remembered that the American
flag. output is only a drop in the bucket.
It is always a surprise to visitors to
RHOW, too, that Miss W'oods

 

come, and it did, sooner than
she thought. Her piece work
was so thoroughly done that
she was soon made “quarter
woman” of the flag room it—
self, where she has been for
over a quarter of a century.
And Miss Woods is still less
than fifty years young!
XVhen Miss Woods first be—
came “quarter woman”——
fore—woman in the flag room
of the equipment department
—she had but six women as-
sistants. Today she has six
times that number, besides
several men helpers. Last
year this corps turned out,
under Miss \Voods' direction,
7,000 flags. Of these, 1,580
were American, 500 were for-
eign ensigns, and the rest
were signal flags. An inter—
esting fact in connection
with this branch of service
is that of all the work in
the equipment department,
over ninety per cent of the
cutting is done by -l\Iiss
Woods, who, in her more
than a quarter of a century
of serving Uncle Sam, has
handled more flags than any
other woman in the world.
If the original Betsy Ross
could but have a glimpse of
her successor and her Work

 

 

Directing the Machine Work on the Flags.

has never taken any lessons
in drawing, yet her flag pat—
terns are prepared with quite
as much skill as those of an
expert architectural drafts—
man. ller one “text book”
provided by l'ncle Sam is
entitled “Flags of Maratime
“Nations," and this she
knows by heart from cover
to cover. She knows the ex—
act page of the flag which
she has been ordered to
make and does not need to
search for it. in fact, she
knows the ting so well that
she does not even need to
refer to it, but for the sake
of greater accuracy she
takes this precaution. A
small drawing of the flag
ordered is also presented her
by the Bureau of Equip-
ment, but this she is obliged
to enlarge upon before she
can proceed with her pat—
tern. To do this she takes
a huge sheet of manilla pa-
per, and on this draws her
design. Afterwards each
star, stripe or emblem must
be cut out separately, then
the sectional pattern is put
away in a compact box until
it is needed.

When Miss Woods has cut
the bunting emblems they

 


  

600 (s)

are turned over to their respective work-
ers-the stars all going to one woman
who does nothing but sew on stars three
hundred and thirteen days in the year,
and the numerous emblems to their
“specialist." Eight hand workers, for
instance, do nothing but baste, embroider
and do the fancy stitching required by
our fastidious .Uncle Sam, and equally
fastidious foreign despots. These women
receive $1.52 for fourth class work, to
$2.25 a day for first-class work, for the
pay in the navy is always by the multiple
of eight. Many middle-aged women find
employment in this department and in
eight years not one has been discharged
for lack of work. All they know of flag-
making has been taught them by Miss
“’oods.

“The work is never monotonous," says
Betsy Ross No. 2, “for there is something
new to learn every day. For instance,
just before the fleet started for the Pa-
cific, the signals were changed and all
the flags had to be altered accordingly.
Then you see there is such a great va—
riety—four hundred and eight in all, and
forty—three foreign ones.” Miss V\'oods
says that the flag of San Salvador is
more concentrated than any others, and
therefore more intricate. The only flag
011 which the front and back are different
is that of Paraguay, which has a lion on
the front and a red, five-pointed star on
the reverse side.

WHAT FLAG DAY COMMEMORATES.

 

BY EVA RYMAN-GAILLARD.

The bricks that were brought over as
ballast in the good ship Welcome were
used to erect a dwelling house in l'hila—
delphia, under the oversight of William
Penn. Later this residence became the
home of Betsy Ross, whose name is so
closely linked with American liberty. The
floor of the house is of oak and seems to
be good for another hundred years. The
border over the fireplace is of blue tiles
arranged picturesquely, with scenes from
ancient England inscribed on them. There
is a quaint little cupboard, and the old-
fashioned shutters have tiny panes of
glass in them.

June, 1776, General Y’Vashington and
Robert Morris were appointed by con—

AUNT JANE’S ATONEMENT.

BY CHAS. A. HARTLEY.

A man and a boy passed out of a barn-
yard into the road on their way to the
cornfield. Some strangers were posting
show bills on the barn, and they stopped
to look on. They stood some time gazing
at the wonders there displayed, without
a word being spoken. One of the men,
who seemed to be the foreman, noticing
them, said: “You don’t want to miss this
show; it’s the greatest combination on
earth.”

L‘ncle Silas Gray, the old man, may
have been able to put a proper estimate
upon the statement, but the boy, Tom—
my McGuire, agape at the wonderful ex-
hibition of strength and agility, accepted
it as the gospel truth.

“I’m going to give you an order for two
tickets for the use of this space on your
burn; that will take you into both shows
without charge.”

He wrote the order and handed it to
Tommy, who was speechless with grati—
tude. Uncle Silas seemed pleased but
said nothing. lle knew that an order for
two tickets didn’t signify much without
the approval of Aunt Jane, his wife.
Tommy was dying to say something, or
to have Uncle Silas say something, and
worked with an energy that finally ap-
pealed to the old man.

“Take it easy, Tommy.
need of huirvin’. ”

They sat down on the grass and Silas
fanned himself with his hat.

“It’s goin’ to be purty hot today,
Tommy.”

“Yes, sir.”

“Was you ever at a circus, Tommy?”

“No, sir."

“Some folks think they aren't moral,
or proper, but I could never see no great
harm in them, for my part. I went to
shows some when I was young, and I
can’t see I’m any the worse for it. Can
you?”

Tommy couldn’t, and said so with em—
phasis.

“You’ve been a 9:000 he): Tommy, and
seein’ it ain’t goin' to cost anything, I’ve
a good mind to let you go to this show—
that is, as far as I’m concerned. 0!
course, we’ll have to see what Jane has
to say. She don’t take much stock in
shows. Thinks they’re wicked. I’m a.
little bit dubious about her, Tommy, and
.Vou mustn’t get your heart too much set

There's no

 

 

THE MICHIGAN FARMER-

gress “to design a. suitable flag for the
nation." The privilege and honor of
making it was bestowed upon Betsy Ross.
a. widow of twenty-four. In reply to the
question, if she thought she could make
it, she replied, in her amiable and lady-
like manner, “I don’t know, but I’ll try.”

It was the wish of Washington that the
star be given six points, like that on his
coat of arms, but Betsy clipped a pattern
of a five-pointed star and finally persuad-
ed him to accept her suggestion.

We now celebrate flag day to com-
memorate the time the flag was adopted
by congress-«June 14, 1777. It was first
hoisted at Fort Schuyler, in New York
state, in August, 1777.

Today our flag. with its forty—six stars,
is respected in every country and is loved
by every loyal boy and girl, man and
woman. At the immigrant station on
Ellis Island, New York, there is one
room in which a large American flag is
conspicuously stretched across the front,
and here foreigners receive their first
lesson in patriotism.

We are, perhaps, all familiar with a
touching incident that occurred during
the Spanish-American war. An Ameri-
can who had been captured by the Span-
ish was doomed to be shot. Apparently
nothing could be done to avert his fate.
But as the guns were leveled at him, an
American officer stepped to his side and
wrapped him in the folds of the Stars and
Stripes. The enemy did not dare fire
on our flag, and the American was led
away in safety through the officer’s rare
presence of mind.

Our national emblem has inspired the
writing of many songs of stirring patriot-
ism. “The Star Spangled Banner” and
“The Red, Vi'hite and Blue" are perhaps
the most deservedly popular.

“0 say can you see by the dawn's early

lig t,
What so proudly we hailed at the twi-
light's last gleaming,
\Vhose broad stripes and bright stars,
through the perilous fight,
O’er the ramparts we watched, were so
gallantly streaming?
And the rocket's red glare, the bombs
bursting in air,
Gave proof through the night that our
flag was still there.

0 say, does that Star Spangled banner
yet wave

0 er the land of the free and the home of
the brave.’

on goin". It’ll be here right in corn
hoein' time, but I think you need a little
rest and recreation. We’ll sound her,
Tommy, and maybe she’ll give in. She's
all right, Tommy, but awfully set in her
ways."

“l'd like to see them animals," said
Tommy with a sigh. “I’ve seen their
pictures in the geography."

“That’s it, Tommy. I’ll tell her that.
There’s nothin'» more interestin' than the
ways of animals. That’s learnin’ human
hater. She’s a great reader, you know.
If it was only animals it would be all
right.“

At the dinner table Tommy looked at
Uncle Silas, and Uncle Silas looked at
Aunt Jane. Silas cleared his throat
several times to speak, but the words
stuck. He finally concluded the best
method of attack was to beat the bush.

"I see there’s goin' to be another show
in town," he said in a careless way.

“Yes, I see somebody has been pasting
the side of the barn with indecent pic-
tures,” said Aunt Jane, her eyes snap-
ping. “They ought to be prosecuted."

Uncle Silas felt that the ice was very
thin.

“Tommy has an order for two tickets,
Ma, and can get in for nothin’, and he's
seen pictures of the animals in his
g’ography, and wants to see them alive.
He's been a powerful good boy, and I
think we ought to let him go and see
them this once, anyway. He may never
have another chance."

That was as long a speech as Silas
ever made. It was a. desperate plunge
from start to finish.

“l—I’d like to see them animals, Aunt
Jane," said Tommy, meekly.

“I—I'd like to see them animals,” and
Aunt Jane imitated Tommy’s meek state-
ment. “Indeed. Silas put that into your
head. See the animals. That's what
they all say. They don’t care for the cir-
cus, but they want the children to see
the animals. And the showmen know a
thing or two. They drag around over
the country a. miserable lot of jaded,
toothless brutes, just to give the hypo-
crites an excuse. You're not goin’ 3.
step."

The rest of the meal was eaten in
silence. There was a great lump in Tom-

my’s throat, and he had hard work to
keep back the rebellious tears. He worked
on faithfully, and was unusually diligent
and obedient, with a faint hope that his

humility might touch Aunt Jane. But she

was adamant. His sighs were wasted.
He kept the order for the two tickets
carefully. The morning of show day
was glorious. If it had rained, he
thought, or if he had had'a'headache, he
could have reconciled himself to the dis-
appointment. But it looked as if it
might never rain again, and he never
felt better in his life.

They were plowing and hoeing the corn
in a field adjoining the big road. Wag-
ons, and buggies, and people on horse-
back kept passing in a continual stream
all morning. They were. a merry lot, and
jibed at them for working on show day.
Tommy was hoeing and straightening up
the corn afterthe plow, and frequently
Silas was at one, end of the field while
Tommy was at the other. He was work—
ing along the road now, toward town.
\Vhen he came to the end of the row he
laid down his hoe, climbed upon the fence
and looked wistfully along the road. In
the meantime he watched Silas, who was
going toward the other end of the field.
Self-pity brought the tears to his young

eyes, and without being hardly conscious .

of what he did he slipped down off the
fence, stood a minute or two in the road
making figures in the dust with his bare
feet, glanced at Silas, and took -to his
heels as fast as he could, down the road,
and toward the show. He never stopped
until he was out of sight and almost out
of breath.

As he was passing a farm house a
stranger drove a. team of fine looking
horses up to the big gate and stopped.

“My boy,” said he, addressing Tommy,
“will you please hold my horses a. few
minutes?”

Tommy assented, and climbed into the
carriage. The stranger talked a. few
minutes with the farmer, and came back.

“Are you going to the show?"

“Yes, sir."

"Then you can go to towu with me."

“A man gave me an order for two
tickets to the show,” said Tommy, “and
I wonder if they're good."

“To be sure they are. But I'll do bet—
ter than ‘that. I belong to the show and
will take you myself."

The stranger turned out to be Mr.
Rivers, the proprietor of the big show.
He soon got into the good graces of the
boy. and got from him his story. Tom-
my told him he was an orphan, that he
had been put in the poor house, and that
Uncle Silas had taken him to do chores
for his “keep." That he had made his
home with him for the past two years.
Nor did he forget to tell him of Aunt
Jane’s prejudice against shows, nor of
his running away.

“How would you like to come and live
with me? We new, no children and I
need just such a boy as you.”

“To go with the show?" asked Tommy.
"1 don't think I'd like that."

Mr. Rivers smiled.

“I am afraid you half agree with'Aunt
Jane, as you call her, in regard to shows,
but 1 don’t want you for that at all. I
want you to make your home with us, to
be our boy. l’ll clothe you and send you
to school, and treat vou as if you was
my son. Mrs.’ Rivers will be a mother
to you, and I am sure you will never
want to run away from us."

As they came nearer town they heard
the bands playing. “We’re just in time
for the parade, Tommy." said Mr. Rivers.

From that moment it was useless to
speak to the boy. He was deaf and
dumb. His checks were flushed with ex-
citement, and his eyes shone. Theyvcame
onto the parade down a side street, just
as the elephants were passing. The
street was crowded with all sorts of ve-
hicles. Just ahead of them was a car-
riage, in which two ladies, a. mother and
her daughter, were seated. The horse,
a fine animal, became frightened and un-
manageable. The ladies were badly
frightened and lost control of him. He
reared and plunged frantically, and they
were in great peril. Tommy saw it and
like a flash he leaped out over the
wheels, seized the horse by the bridle,
pulled down his head, and hung on. He
was dragged some distance, and in’ dan-
ger of being trampled, but he finally suc-
ceeded in subduing him. Expressions of
admiration for his courage were heard
on all sides, and the poor boy was stiff
with embarrassment. The lady got out
of her carriage and went to him.

“Oh,” cried she, “I am so grateful for
what you did. You saved us from a hor-
rible accident. You are a brave boy and
I want to reward you. If this gentleman
will excuse you a little while I want you
to come with me.”

Her husband was a merchant. and she
took Tommy to his store. She told him

 

J UNE 3, 1911.

 

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JUNE 3, 1911.

the story in detail, and praised the boy
to the skies. She wanted to reward him
substantially but was in doubt 'as to
what form her generosity should take.
But the merchant looked at Tommy’s
bare feet and scanty clothing, and it
didn’t take him long to decide. He fit-
ted him out from head to foot in a bran
new suit of clothes, shoes and all.

When Tommy went back to Mr. Rivers
that gentleman was astonished at the
transformation.

“Why, Tommy, I hardly knew you.
Had to look at you the second time. My,
but you’re a lucky 0y. A new suit of
clothes, and the offer of a good home,
all in one day. What do you think Aunt
Jane would think of that? But you’ve
got the right kind of stuff in you, Tommy,
and plenty of it. I’ll tell you what I’ve
made up my mind to do. I’m going to
take you with me in the morning, out
past the poor house, and get permission
from the overseer to send you to my
wife. What do you say to that, my boy?”

“I’ll go.”

“Then that is settled.
a bite to eat and go to the show.”

Next morning, bright and early, Mr.
Rivers and Tommy, behind a pair of fine
steppers, were speeding down the road
toward the poor farm. It was kept by a
Mr. Short, a very self-important person,
a mere political creature, concerned prin—
cipally in keeping down the “per capita”
cost without regard to the welfare of
the unfortunate inmates. \Vhen they
passed through the big gate and drove
up toward the house they saw Short, in
his shirt sleeves, standing in the yard.
Mr. Rivers introduced himself, and said:
“I suppose you know this boy?”

“I think I do,” replied Short, without
manifesting any interest whatever.

“It isn’t necessary to relate the cir-
cumstances under which we met, but I
have taken a liking to him and want to
give him a home where he will be well
cared for. I can give a. bond if neces—
sary."

“What is your business?"

“I’m the proprietor of the show that
exhibited in your town yesterday."

Short's face hardened. He had sent
Tommy away to get rid of him, but here
was an opportunity to show his moral
acquirements.

{‘Why did you leave your Uncle Silas?”
he asked of Tommy. ~

"As I said before, Mr. Short, it isn’t
necessary to go into that. I am probably
more to blame than he.”

“\Vell, he’d better stay right here in
the poor house, than go trapesing over
the country with a circus. That's my
opinion.”

“I don’t intend he shall have anything
to do with the show. I have no children;
my wife is alone and needs someone to
do little chores.” '

-“I have your word for that,” said
Short, insolently.

“As I said before, I will give bond, if
necessary.”

“That’s easy to say, too,” replied Short.
"I—I don’t consider your business very
reputable, and I don’t consider you a fit

 

THE MICHIGAN FARMER.‘

stood therel the very picture of despair.
Mr. Rivers gathered up the lines, took

the whip out of the socket and turned

the horses. In doing so he dropped the

,whip and stopped the horses.

“Tommy, will you please hand me that
whip?” , .

The poor boy picked up the whip, and
as he came upw-to' the carriage Rivers
looked hard at' him and whispered, "Give
me your han.d;and' put your foot on the
step.”

Tommy held the whip toward him. As
he did so, Rivers seized him by the hand,
jerked him into the carriage, gave the
horses a smart cut, and dashed out of
the gate info the highway. Mr. Rivers
looked back, when they were clear of the
premises, and saw Short shaking his fist
at them and evidently saying things.

“New, Tommy, I must‘get'you out of
the county as fast as I can. That man is
like some animal that has‘been robbed of
its prey. I don’t intend he shall get you.
I’m going to turn off the highway and

.strike the nearest railroad station. That
Now we’ll get'

fellow will be sure to go straight to the
county seat and stir up the lawyers. You
and I will not be there.”

They reached a. small station, after a
drive that seemed to the boy to be ex—
ceedingly reckless, just half ‘an hour be—
fore the time for the train. Mr. Rivers
sent a message to his Wife, gave Tommy
the necessary instructions, some good
advice, and put him aboard the train.

Mrs. Rivers and Mike, the man of all
work, were in the yard "among the plants
and flowers when the message came. it
read: “Am sending Tommy. Have Mike
meet the 4:30 train.”

“\Vell, of all things. What does he
mean, Mike? He must think I’m a mind
reader.”

“.-\.nd a long distance wan, at that.”

“.\.nd who’s Tommy?”

“Ye may sarch me, ma’m.”

“It must be one of the animals, Mike.
taken sick. Poor thing, you'd better
take a. cage down with you in the wagon.

So Mike met the train with a, cage.
Tommy got off the cars, bewildered by
the noise and confusion, but he had pres-
ence of mind enough to stand still until
the crowd had dispersed. Then he looked
about for Mike. He soon recognized him
from the description he had received
from Mr. Rivers, and going up to him
introduced himself as “Tommy.”

Then Mike exploded. He laughed until
the tears ran down his cheeks, and Tom-
my was almost dying from embarrass—
ment. Still laughing, he took Tommy to
the wagon and drove off.

"VVhist, Tommy, d'ye see yon cage?"
said Mike. “Be rights ye ought to be in
there, and, be the powers,” a sudden
thought seizing him, “in there ye’ll go.”

Tommy began to think he had fallen
into the hands of a lunatic.

“I guess ye’re the great ‘YVhat Is It,’
Tommy, and we’ll just play a bit of a
joke on the Misthress. She likes fun as
well as annybody. Ye see it’s this way,
Tommy. The Boss sint a message say—
ing he was sindin’ ‘Tommy,’ and the
Misthress and me thought ye must be

 

 

 

Roland Casterline, of Kent Co., Mich., and his Riding Mare, “Margie.”

person to have the care of this boy. I
know I should be censured if I let you
have him.” .

“Then you‘d rather have him stay here
among the old, the depraved, and the im-
becile, than have all the comforts of a
good home, with care and affection.”

“You can put it that way if you want
to. It isn’t necesary to parley about it.
Get out, Tommy. I think I know what’s
best for you, and I’ll send you back to
Uncle Silas. You should have staid
there, and deserve punishment for leav-
ing.”

Tommy climbed out of the carriage and

It

wan of the animals tuck sick, and she
sint me down wid the cage f’r ye. SO
ye’re a sick catamount, or a chimpanzee,
or whatever ye like. I’ll just drive round
the back way to the barn, chuck ye into
the cage, cover ye wid a tarpoleon, and
there ye are. I’ll call out the Misthress,
life up the tarpoleon, and we’ll have
more fun than ye’d see at the unveilin’
of the statoo of the Goddess of Liberty."

It was done as planned, and Mike went
in search of Mrs. Rivers.

“I’ve got him, ma’m,” said Mike.

“What is it?” inquired that lady.

"I’ll lave that to yerself entoirely,

\

 

APPLE BLOSSOMS.

 

BY ALONZO RICE.
The Alpine peaks, with crystal hoods of

snow,
The ruins, crowning heights along the
Rhine,
Are views both beautiful and grand, I
know,
But there’s another closer home—and
mine!
’Tis where a brown old homestead nestles
soft
Against a hill where meadows stretch
away,
And ii} the wind-swept branches, high
a oft,

The robin gives to all his sweetest lav;
The scene is one of rapture and of bliss,
\thn breezes of the early summer blow,
And the red lips of the apple blossoms
kiss
The blue eyes of the violets below!

Let others fare to far-off distant climes,
ldnraptured by each castle, crag and
scanr,
The Wonders of the olden, vanished times,
(if sunny scenes that sleep in isles afar;
Ilome—hidlilng, let me wander here where
S\\'€
The flowered fields whose scented bil-
lows roll
Vt'ith white caps of the daisies; winds

that tell
The secret of the rose Whose heart they
sto c:
That i, for just one season, may not
miss

The beauties of the scene I cherish so,
“hen the red lips of the apple blossoms
kiss
The bluc eyes of the violets below!

 

ma’m,” said Mike. “Ye must come and
see the poor folly. lle’s that done up ye
couldn't get a ycep out of him. It’s the
heat, or maybe somethin' he’s et that
didn’t agree will his stumic.”

All her sympathies aroused, she went
to the barn with Mike.

“(inst lift the tarpoleon, if ye please,
ma’m.”

She lifted it, and therc saw Tommy,
somewhat cramped, and very red from
the heat and excitement.

"‘\\'hy, it’s a boy, Mike," she almost
shouted.

“That‘s a. purty good guess, ma’m,”
said Mike, dryly.

They rclcased Tommy, and laughed and
cried, and Mike’s bit of plcasantry
brought them into instant fellowship.
From that time on he was the “\Vhat
Is it” to lVlike.

But what of Aunt Jane and I‘ncle

 

Silas? Tommy had not forgotten them but
had exacted a promise from his foster
parents that if the show ever went back
there he was to be allowed to make a
visit.

So it happened that I'ncle Silas, just
thrce years after, was standing in the
same place. his hands bcbind his back,
watching some nicn pasting bills on the"
barn announcing the coming of the
same “Great Combination.” ‘

Show day finally cainc round, just such
a day as that on which Tommy rar
away. Silas was working in the same
field, and the road was again crowded
with all sorts of vehicles, and the crowd
was a happy one, shouting, singing, and,
bantering. .

L'ncle Silas was a prudent man and
said nothing about the coincidence. Aunt
Jane gave no sign that she had any recol-
lection of a past event. To all appear—
ances she had forgotten that such a boy
as Tommy ever cxistcd. Silas went early
to dinner and was in the barn feeding his
horses when a well dressed young man
drove a tcam into the barnyard and tied
his horses to thc fcncc. llc slipped into
the barn, wcnt quietly to the stall where
Silas was, and said: “How are you,
I'nclc Silas?”

\\'ithoui looking round to see who it
was, the. old man rcplicd carelessly, “I’m
fair to middlin’, how are you?”

“Don‘t you know inc, l‘ncle Silas?”

He came out oi" the stall, shading his
eyes with his ini’nd.

“\Vhy, bless my soul," he cried, seizing
the boy by the hand. “if it ain’t Tom—
my.”

llc looked him all over cart-fully, every
iinc of his old face indicating satisfac-
tion.

“My, but you’ve growcd.
lime known you by sight.
the house, and don’t let on.
see if Ma’ll know you.”

As they came out of the barnyard into
the house lot, Aunt Jane came out on the
side porch and met them.

“Tommy, I’m so glad to see you,” was
all she said, but very gently, and Tommy
saw a new light in her eyes and a slight
quavering about the mouth that were a
revelation to him. A little older, and
much wiser, he saw something he had
never seen before, never suspected. ‘

“I have a special invitation for you'
both, from Mr. Rivers, to attend the:

 

I wouldn’t
Come on to
I want to

 

 

 

 

 

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602 (10>
show this afternoon,” said Tommy, at the
dinner table. '

Uncle Silas said nothing.

“It’s very kind of him,” said Aunt
Jane. “and I guess we’ll go, Silas.”_

‘What?’

“I think we'd better go.”

“Of course,” said Silas, recovering
from his astonishment. “it wouldn‘t be
polite to refuse. Besides, I want to see
the animals,” with a wink at Tommy.

“I don‘t,“ she said, with a mile. “I’m
going to the circus."

’l'ncle Silas hitched one of the horses
to the buggy and Aunt Jane went with
Tommy. On the way he tn‘ld her of his
life since he left them, what a good home
he had found, not forgetting the joke
NIike played on the Mistress, at which she
laughed heartily.

”I never may be able to change my
ways much, Tommy, but the older I get
the plainer my mistakes appear," was all
the comment she mode.

When they passed into the big tent
where the animals were, Silas seemed to
want to linger and take a look at them.
Aunt Jane became impatient.

“If you want to, Silas, you can stay
here and look at the animals all you
want to, but I'm going into the circus.
Come on, Tommy.”

0U R BIRD POLICEMEN.

BY OBIN E. C'BDOKER.

Every farmer has cause to be grateful
to the birds for the services they render
him in the way of keeping insects in
check and in the consumption of the seeds
of noxious plants. From before sunrise
until dusk these little songsters police
his fields and orchard. waging relentless
war upon several thousand kinds of in-
sects which have their homes upon his
trees or amid the grass and shrubbery,
or even in the ground. Birds are tire-
less in their activity, spending practically
their entire time in searching for food.
Some of them have been known to con-
sumc their own weight of insects in a
single day;

'l‘hcre are times when some birds be-
come a nuisance to the farmer and a
trial upon his patience, as, for instance,
in berry season or when his cherries are
ripening. But the wise agriculturist will
resort to peaceful methods of scaring the
birds from his fruit rather than settling
the matter with a shotgun. The annoy—
ance is only temporary and the balance
of the season these same birds will work
from daylight until dark in his behalf.

The harm that birds do has been much
exaggerated, while the good that comes
from them has been largely lost sight of.
Some people think that every hawk is a
Chicken thief, and the moment one ap-
pears upon the horizon the old shotgun is
set in a convenient spot to be brought
into action if opportunity offers. The
truth of the matter is, that most depre-
dations of this kind are committed by
one of only three varieties of hawks——
the Cooper hawk, the Sharp-skinned hawk
and the goshawk. These hawks are by
no means so plentiful in most localities as
the large red—shouldered or red—tailed
hawks which are usually mistaken for
“hen-hawks.” These latter are the ones
which are usually seen circling high over
meadow or pasture, or skimming low
across the field. Chicken thieving is far
from their thoughts. They live mostly
on meadow mice, moles, gophers and oth-
er rodents, and arc thus among the farm-
er's best friends. One should never shoot
a hawk unless one catches him in the act
of stealing chickens. Otherwise one may
commit needless murder.

in some localities the blackbird has
been looked upon as a pest. Some years
ago in parts of Nebraska thcse birds be-
came very abundant and the farmers be-
lieved them to be damaging their crops.
Great numbers of the birds were poison—
ed, but as their ranks began to thin.
swarms of locusts took their place. Only
in localities where the blackbirds had not
been poisoned were the farmers able to
secure anything like a fair crop. On in-
vestigation it was found that the black-
birds were intensely fond of locusts and
thus kept them in check.

A good deal of prejudice hasvbeen
aroused against the crow because of his
loVe for sprouting corn. Undoubtedly this
prejudice is well founded but, during the
most of the year. the crow is a reason-
ably good citizen and worthy of our con-
sideration. Like lots of people who do a
great deal of good in the course of a
year, he has been painted much blacker
than he really is. The destruction by the
crew of meadow mice, cutworms and
other insect pests, is held by most stu-
dents of the question a. sufficient otl'set

 

to the damage done by him. with perhaps
a balance“ all things considered, in his
favor. ,

Some time ago there was much com-
plaint on the Pacific coast canoe-mung the
depredations by birds in vineyards and
orchards. The government Wrogieal
survey made a careful Wysis of the
stomachs of all the common birds found
in the localities whence the omnplaints
came. Seventy species of binds were
studied. It was found that only ,four
species could rightfully be regarded as
in any way antagonistic to the interests
of the fruit raiser. These were the Cali-
fornia jay, the stel‘ler jay, the linnet, and
the red—breasted sapsucaker. The report
said, “No part of the capital invested in
farm and orchard is more certain to pay
big interest than the small sum collected
as ball by the birds that harbor near the
premises.”

\Vithout birds agriculture would be im-
possible. There are on an average, some
10,000 or more varieties of insects in any
community of size which contains both
fields and woods. Only the constant war-
fare of birds keeps them in check. It is
almost certain that if it were not for
them the destruction of the greater part
of vegetation would speedily result from
the onslaught of this vast army of in-
sect pests.

A good illustration of the value of birds
as enemies of insect life is told in a book
recently published by the Audubon So-
ciety. it relates to the work of Baron
von Berlep‘sch, in Seebach. Germany.
Since boyhood the Baron has studied the
nesting and feeding habits of birds. He
learned to so prune and tie and tangle
bushes and trees as to make peculiarly
attractive nesting sites for those varieties
which build in the open. and in this way
be induced thousands of birds to nest on
his estate. For woodpeckers and others
that rear their young in cavities in trees

he invented boxes that so closely imi—
tatcd their own holes that every one of
his 2.000 boxes on his 500 acres of land
was taken. in 1905 there came a. great
plague of moths in Germany. Every leaf
on the trees for many miles around the
Baron‘s land was destroyed. His own
estate was like an oasis in the desert,

and the distance that his birds flew from
their homes could be traced by the fringe
of grecn vegetation around his own do-
main, which was practically untouched
by the moths.

Birds also aid the farmer by devouring
immense quantities of weed seed. The
ordinary tree sparrow, which most folks
would mistake for the common chipping
sparrow, consumes about a. quarter of an
ounce of weed seed per day. On this
basis it has been estimated that tree
sparrows alone, in a state the size of
lowa, would eat about 875 tons of weed
set-d ouch ycar. The “bob-white” is also
a confirmed seed eater. Because of this
his worth as an aid to the farmer is so‘
great that nothing short of an empty
larder and imminent starvation should.
induce a farmer to kill or permit the
slaughter of quail upon his premises.

The one exception everywhere to the
general usefulness of birds as an assist-
ant to the farmer in his work of fighting
bugs and weeds is the English sparrow.
lie is a pest whenever and wherever
iound and should be exterminated. He
will seldom eat bugs. even in the midst
of a plague of them. He drives the useful
birds away from the vicinity which he
has himself chosen. He destroys their
eggs. He is a veritable pirate in feath—
ered dress and deserves no consideration.
it is best to exterminate him from around
the barns and outbuildings by shooting.
This, however, should be done in the
winter months. as one will not then be
so likely to take the lives of other spar-

rows by mistake. Strange as it may
seem, not everyone can distinguish an
English sparrow from the many other

sparrows which make their home in our
midst during the summer months. A
park policeman in the Fels, near Boston,
was sent out to shoot English sparrows.
He returned with some fifty Vesper spar—
rows which he had killed, simply because
he did not know one sparrow from an-
other.

BOOK NOTICES.

Thc Eleanor Smith Music Primer. By
Eleanor Smith. This primer presents a
collection of first year songs. which are
varied in origin and character, childlike
in spirit. and very simple in structure.
Cloth, 8vo, 128 pages. Price, 25 cents.

Historical Reader for Schools. Compiled
and edited by Horace L. Brittaln. and
James G. Harris. A careful compilation of
selections from the leading American or—
ators. for use in the upper grammar
grades and in high schools. Cloth. 12mo

’ Amsvam..an‘.m. u. .. . ,.

 

THE MICHIGAN FARMER; -

. . "g' ‘l
'"lllallill‘hlit"l’tlalilli":'ii indig'dinc

:ui‘ iils i' ‘ .1

"H“ r n ' .

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“ow‘III"iMilt-j!!!pu'uilllililuo‘ «Mt ‘

“wand“!
r all i

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llli iili .iif‘lli'll

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"ti{Hilttl'ill'lli'lilimit:will"

indium; mmwmmm glint-i um
V VN51luiItuliltirlilll‘llltlilitu”i

W! "L
Iii"|Ill"!ggiéiiwlflglinmil viii-{124:1 e:
....mllmll”m

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niiiii H 1.
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3 ' .
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Iuiif‘iig'i Illlii .

unitintl! .

lliili

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goods you buy

Harness, Fly Nets
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or bone ofany Had. The reputation oi
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diam.

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st-
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Saved over $100 a month!

n.13enmonotwmn.u ed

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AND

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THE RAZOR is Hollow Ground 5/8 inch blade, best
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THE PRESTO STHOP is made of finest horse hide leather
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266 ages, with portraits. Price, 75 cell
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The Michigan Farmer Detroit, Mich;

. .,n-A'»m

. Mxmmwm.m

 


 

 

 

JUNE 3, 1911.

r

  

I Willaljnnb;

. At, Home; and Elsewhere

-H -rm

' THE MICHIGAN FARMER.‘

_ C .

Her Needs:

 

 

 

 

V3

 

 

CHILDREN’S GARDENS—BY GILBERTE HOLT.

 

“That method of education which de-
velops resourcefulness in the individual
is worthy of consideration,” is a saying
of one of our present day educators of
standing.

Applying this to younger children, one
must add that when this can be done and
still have the vital play instinct satisfied
at one and the same time, the ideal
method is found. In gardening for small
children we have this method. Garden
work teaches the child to think about
what he is doing, the manner of that
doing and the result which will follow
a certain line of action, and at the same
time gives any amount of good, whole-
some fun. Children love to dig, they en-
joy any out of door employment, thus
they gain pleasure and profit from gar-
dening. Every part of this work or play
(for done properly the two elements bal-
ance each other), can be made to teach
a lesson and this, too, without any
preaching. The right practice of garden-
ing forms habits of many homely vir-
tues, such as thrift, economy, orderliness,
timeliness, planning ahead, and a great
respect for life and a love of beauty. The
child comes so near to the being of things
in observing the cycle of plant life, be-
ginning with the seed which he plants,
and passing through all stages of its
growth until it is completed by the ap-
pearance of the new seed, that, with no
comment being made, he feels the reve-
lation, and though he could not possibly
give expression to the thoughts, their
influence is felt all through his after life.

A plot of ground four by eight feet
furnishes enough work for the average
child. A too large garden at first is too
much of an undertaking and over fatigue
causes ck of interest. Talk over the
garden finestion with the children and
see if they have observed anything in
regard to plant life. Even children of
six and seven years of age will surprise
you by telling what they have seen; such
as the relative value of good and poor
soil, sun and ‘shade, rain and drouth.
1 hey may not know why many facts are
so, but to a child a fact is a fact and in
HS small way he is more philosophic
than many adults.

Some children, however, will need to
have facts pointed out to them, and if
they have no ideas on the subject it is
well to make a few suggestions before be-
ginning gardening. One can not just
stick any seed or plant into any patch of
ground and grow success, either with
jlants or in the education of children.
Choose a sunny spot, as most flowers and
vegetables of our climate thrive best in
the sun. Of course, others prefer the
mo] and shade but, generally speaking,
a sunny spot is best.

The next consideration is good soil,
that which contains a combination of
sand, clay and humus, in such propor-
tions that the resulting soil is a good
rich brown. 1f the earth is too light,
there is too much sand, if gray, clay
predominates, if black, it is too rich for
the usual garden work. Having chosen
the spot and marked out the dimensions
of the garden all the rest of the work
should be done by the child, or children,
unaided save for direction and sugges-
tion.

First provide him with proper tools.
These need not be expensive, but do not
be led into the false economy of buying
sets of “children’s tools." They are
cheap and do not last. For the garden
work few tools are needed, so haVe them
durable and see that the child takes
proper care of them. A spade, a rake, a
hoe, a broad flat trowel, a small hard
fork, a two-quart watering can and a
small wheelbarrow, are all he needs.
When he has finished working with them
insist that he knocks the earth from them,
scrapes them and cleans and puts them
away in a dry shed. They should never
be left out in the wet; the watering can
should be turned upside down.

The first step is to clear the patch of
ground. Right here is to be found a good
lesson in economy. All rubbish taken
from the garden may not be waste ma-
terial, in fact, little of it is. The stones,

especially the larger ones, should be used
to edge the garden bed. The bits of
wood should be burned, and the ashes
kept for fertilizer. The weeds should be
put in the manure pit to form humus.
\Vhen the ground is cleared, cover it with
two or three inches of manure and spade
into the ground. Always sift all refuse,
or weeds, taken from the garden, as in
this way you save quarts of good top
soil.

Another useful lesson in economy to be
found in the right way of performing
an operation, may be illustrated in a
very practical way in spading. First let
the child lift a. spadeful of earth with the
right hand grasping the handle and the
left hand grasping the shaft close to the
blade. Then let him slide the left hand
slowly back close to the right hand. As
he does so his spadeful of earth seems
to grow heavier and heavier. In fact,
it will take about four times as much
strength, the second way, as it did the
first. So he learns that one person doing
a thing the right way can do as much
as four persons doing the same thing the
wrong way.

The next question to consider is wheth-
er flowers or vegetables shall be planted.
Sometimes it is possible to combine both,
the garden being one for growing vege—
tables with flowers as borders, but for a
young gardener who is new to the work,
it is well to make a choice and then stick
to that choice. Where it is possible to

have more than one patch, or where
there are two or more children, both
flowers and fruit may be grown. Both

can we made profitable.

Where there is any monetary return.
that money belongs to the child and he
should be allowed use it as he sees fit.
This will providelwfaood opportunity to
learn financiering. However, profit does
not begin until the initial cost for seeds
has been refunded to whoever may have
purchased them. The tools are somewhat
beyond what the youthful gardener can
buy, so they might be a present, but he
should pay for some of the cost of his
venture. He will appreciate the balance
truly discouraging to work hard and suc-
Which is left, all the more. But it is
ceed in growing a fine crop of tomatos
and then see them consumed by the fam-
ily with no return coming to the young
farmer. Of course, this commercial spirit
may be pushed too far, so that the gar-
dener will see his work only as a busi-
ness enterprise and become miserly about
his produce. To counteract this, it might
be suggested to him that fresh vegetables

handful of

or a
flowers grown by one's own efforts are

just from a. garden,

always appreciated by one's friends.
Neither to give always nor to sell always
is good, but a just balancing makes for
equity.

Strong, sturdy, healthy and compara-
tively quick growers are the best selec—
tions for children's gardens. Radishes,
beans, beets, turnips, carrots, onions, let-
tuce and corn are all good. If these are
planted by the middle of May, they can
all be harvested by the end of July, in-
cluding a second planting of radishes.
Tell the children why planting the vege-
tables in rows running from north to
south is best. Show them how this man-
ner of planting gives one side of the plant
the morning sun, and the other side the
afternoon sun.

In planting a flower garden, consider
how the plants will appear whenall are
in blossom. The location of the bed is a
determining factor in arrangement. If
your garden is to run along a fence, put
the taller plants at the back,and the
smaller ones at the front edge; if your
bed is open on all sides, put the tall
plants in the center of the bed and the
lower ones graduating from them to the
outer edges.

Gardens do not become beautiful of
their own accord. Care in selection in
regard to neighboring colors is as im-
portant as arrangement. Purple petunias
and California poppies, both easy grow-
ers and beautiful by themselves, do not
look well together. Petunias, verbenas,
zinnias, asters, sun—flowers and hollyhocks
are all good growers for centers or for
backgrounds; while sweet alyssum.
candytuft, dwarf nasturtiums, California
poppies and French marigolds, all make
good edgings. White sweet alyssum is
the safest edging plant for beginners. It
blooms throughout the season and is not
easily killed by frost.

These are merely suggestions for the
very beginnings of garden work with
children, the work can be developed to
most profitable and pleasing proportions.
All the work spoken of can be done by
a child of ten years, unaided and should
be. Let the child experiment by trying
sun-loving plants in shady places, and
vice versa; too much and not enough
watering, etc. Let him learn by actual
experience what cultivation will do for
his garden, and how disastrous is neg-
lect. One often learns more from one
failure than from many successes. IVith
a really young child, direct the work far
enough so that there will be enough suc-
cesses to counterbalance the failures.
Too much failure discourages further
effort.

 

The Long and Short

StltCIleS~By Mac Y. Mahaffy.

 

There are three long and short stitches
which are made use of by embroiderers
to a greater or, less extent,.owing largely
to the styles of needlework in vogue at
any particular time. These are known
as the simple long and short, or Tipping
stitch; the Kensington, or solid long and
short stitch, known in olden times as
opus plumarium, signifying plumage or
feather work, and used largely in old
embroideries showing figures of birds,
beasts, etc., as well as human figures.
The third is the tapestry stitch, an adap-
tation used for backgrounds.

A decade ago or more, when colored

 

Fig. 1.
embroideries in the finer grades of silk

floss were seen on every hand, these
stitches comprised most of the Work.

They were almost essential in producing
anything like realistic work, such as was
seen at that time in so much greater 1er-

 

than today.

Conventionalized
patterns have, in a measure, taken the
place of the former favorites, but not al—

portion

together, by any means. One still finds
the naturalized flowers and foliage, done
in the finest materials, and with the
greatest possible skill, but more often
than not the pieces thus ornamented are
used in frames, or in the handsome wood-
en or silver mounted, glass~bottomed
trays and servers. In this way the beau-
tiful stitchwork is protected and pre—
served.

Workers of today seem in too great
haste to attain results to attunpt much
of the careful and elaborate shading, etc.,
which the genuine Kensington work calls
for. Those who are willing, however, to

<11) 603
MENTAL ACCURACY

Greatly Improved by Leaving Off Coffee

The manager of an extensive creamery
in “'is. states that while a regular coffee
drinker, he found it injurious to his
health and a hindrance to the perform—
ance of his business duties.

“It impaired my digestion, gave me a
distressing sense of fullness in the region
of the stomach, causing a. most painful
and disquieting palpitation of the heart,
and what is worse, it muddled my mental
faculties so as to seriously injure my
business efficiency.

“I finally concluded that
would have to‘ be done. I quit the use of
coffee, short off, and began to drink
Postum. The cook didn't make it right
at first—she didn‘t boil it long enough,
and I did not find it palatable and quit
using it and went back to coffee and to
the stomach trouble again. .

“Then my wife took the matter in
hand, and by following the directions on
the box, faithfully, she had me drinking
Postum for several days before I knew it.

“Il'hen I happened to remark that I
was feeling much better than I had for a
long time, she told me that I had been
drinking Postum, and that accounted for
it. Now we have no coffee" on our table.

“My digestion has been restored, and
with this improvement has come relief
from the oppressive sense of fullness and
palpitation of the heart that used to
bother me so. I note such a gain in
mental strength and acuteness that I can
attend to my office work with ease and
pleasure and without making the mistakes
that were so annoying to me while I was,
using coffee.

“Postum is the greatest table drink
of the times, in my humble estimation."
Name given by Postum 00., Battle Creek,
Mich.

Read the little book, “The Road to
Wellville," in pkgs. “There’s a Reason."

Ever read the above letter? A
new one appears from time to
time. They are genuine, true.
and full of human interest.

something

 

Serpentine Crepe

is known the world over for its perma-
nent crinkle. It will not
flatten out, wash out,
nor stretch out. Each
pattern retains its beauty
until worn out. That’s
why Serpentine Crepe

 

15 so pop- '
ular with ementl
women of
good taste
in dress.

Longest wear and great-
est crepe value guaran-
teed by this Pacific
Mills trade mark
0 n e a c h piece.
Ask your dealer for the
genuine trade marked
Serpentine Crépe and re-
fuse the many cheap imitations that
do not wear so long nor hold the
crinkle nor have such exquisite pat—

terns and tints.

If you do not find full assortment, write us for
free samples.

PACIFIC MILLS - BOSTON, MASS.

 

 

    

, Have
E 1 eat r ic
Light 8
.n ,- /. . _ \ ~\\\\_
Electric Light: make the brightest, safest,
cleanest and most reliable lighting system
known for (arms and country homes. The
Dayton Electric Lighting Outfits are low in
cost. easy to Install, cost almost nothing to
operate. Give you better light: than moncity
people enjoy. Write today for complete illu-
tnted catalog showing outfits. fixtures, etc.

DAYTON ELECTRICAL MFG. CO.
237 St. Clair Street Dayton. Ohlo

 

 

  
  

placed anywhere. «-
trut: and kill.- all
ilien. Neat, clean,
ornamental, conven-
icnt,cheap. Lublll
’ nelson. Can'tspillor
- tip over, will not soil
or injure anything.
' Guaranteed cd‘
‘ ive. OI all awn-£2;-
' sent prepaid -
HAROLD WIRES

    
 
    
   

150 Do In") Ave.

 


 

 

 

604

do so will find their efforts amply repaid,
and if a well finished product is secured
and cared for it will not only delight the
worker, but may be saved for generations
.as a lovely example of fine stifchwork,
just as now we prize the old-time work
of our grandmothers.

The long and short stitch used for tip-
ping purposes is illustrated in the four-
petalled blossom shown in Figure 1. The
name would seem to indicate clearly just
what the stitch includes, long and short
stitches taken alternately, and used as
a finish around designs. It is one of the
commonest stitches known, having ap—
peared in work of the ancients, and down
through the centuries ,in greater or less

(12)

quantity. It is usually seen in any pre—
tentious work of today. The edge of the
petals or forms must be kept very ac-

curate, and the stitches slanted towards
the base.

The lx'ensington stitch is a series of
long and short stitches, one row following
the outline of the design, just as in the
simple long and short Work, and the next
being placed between the stitches of the
first. These stitches are also long and
short, and as many rows are worked as
may be needed to cover the space. It is
in this Stitch that such beautiful effects
are obtainable by shading the colors. The
upper single petal shows the method of
placing the stitches, but in the doily il-

 

necessitating varied shading, when one
has oncc learned the art by practicing
_any givcn flower it will not be difficult

THE‘ MICHIGAN FARMER.

falling upon the design more strongly
than at other parts. Each petal will ap-
pear deeper in color when it seems to fall
in beneath another petal, etc. Neither is
it necesary to use all the shades in any
one petal. A variety is to be preferred
ordinarily, as no two are ever alike in
nature. Therefore, omit one or two of
the lightest or darkest shades in some of
the petals.

One of the leaves shows the plain long
and short stitch, with a midrib outlined,
while the other finished leaf has been
worked in the liensington. The same
rules for shading hold good for the leaves
as wcre suggested for the petals, some
turning or curving so that they appar-

ently receive more light than others.
\\'hat appears to be high parts are al-

ways lighter than those curving down-
ward or starting out. from under other
portions of the design.

Stems should be \vorked solid, slanting
the stitches. and the buds should be
made of the darkest shades. \Vhile ev-
ery ilowcr has. of course. different form,

to vwork out others, especially if a natural

blossom is at hand, or a good colored

study.
Tapestry stitch is the same long and

short stitch in a series of rows sufficient

 

Poppy Design for Doily in which Five Shades of Red Silk Floss Are Used.

lustrated, a design picked up at random
from the shop counter from among doz-
cns of others equally artistic, will be seen
a bit of the finished work. In this poppy
five shades of the red silk lloss are
utilized. It requires practice to be able
to arrange t...s shadii g so that the cup-

like shape of the flower will be pre-
served, although the work is necessarily
flat. in poppies the lighter shades are

not cn the cdgc, as is the case pith most

roses. but dark edges gradually lighten

toward the base. The lightest shade
bt'f'l’llé-i best fitted to the curving of the
petals. The center is iillcd with a plain

satin stitch, surrounded by French knots,
green and black.

Htcasionally the edge of a petal rolls
var. as in the Ichr single petal of the
and in such instances this por—
be padded to raise it above
thc remainder of the petal. These pad-
(Zing stitches should run the long way
of the space, and be of the same color as
covering. The outer layer of
stitchcs are. then made to slant just as
Ihc veins of the petal would if it was
folded over in onc‘s hand. \Vhen no petal
is at hand to aid one in determining this
matter it is a good plan to sketch roughly
an outline of a petal, drawing a few lines
from its edge, toward the base to repre—

skctch.
tion should

the outcr

scnt the stitch direction. Then cut the
I-ctal out, turn the marked edge over
onto the plain side. and it will clearly

Show tllC direction the slanting stitches
should tako, for the lines will be turucd
in that direction. in these turned over
pcials the edges must be made even and
smooth, clear cut, so to speak. In fact,
in all embroidery this is one of the. great-
est faults found with amateurish work,
the failure to keep a uniformly distinct
edge or outline. in the poppy design the
turned—over petals should be of one of the
darkest shades, but in other flowers the
shade must be determined by the other
portion of the petals, some being much
lighter along the edges than others. The
very darkest shade is then usually placed
just beneath the turnover portion, indi-
cating that a shadow is cast by it upon
the petal at this point, which would, of
courSe, be natural.

One must be thoughtful about the shad-
ing, deciding in advance just which
places seem to be touched by the light

to fill the desired space, but taken ex-
actly parallel across the space. No
slanting of stitches and no shading are
permissable. The stitches must overlap

well, since this is really a background
stitch, used to make handsome, solid
fillings. it is especially rich in silk floss.

 

 

The method of working appears at Fig. 2.

 

 

RECIPES.

 

Squash Pie Recipes.

Take Hubbard or any good dry, sweet
winter squash, cut or chop in pieces, (I
use an at; {or this purpose), pare or chip
off the hard shell or rind, steam until
tender, though not mushy. Line your pie
tin with a good pastry crust, then slice
in thinly as possible your squash, filling
your crust full. Sweeten with a generous
half cup of sugar. Dot liberally with bits
of butter. Flavor with allspice and cin-
namon or allspice alone. Put on top
crust, then through a slit or opening in
same, fill all interstices with water. Then
bake a rich brown.

My other recipe is simply as pumpkin
pie is made, with eggs, milk (with cream
left in), sugar, spices, ete., excepting
that the batter, must be made slightly
thinner than when made with pumpkin,
or the, pie will be soggy or solid when
coltl.———.\lrs. l). M. ll. (Several other
recipes were sent, for which we thank
our readcrs.—lfl‘d.)

Crack Filler.

("orn starch and raw linseed oil make a
good crack filler. Make a paste so as to
spread nicelyf—Mrs. B. K.

Three Chocolate Frosting Recipes.

ltoil lté cups sugar and half as muehi
milk. 'ltcmove from lire before it can be
molded into a soft ball when dropped
into cold water. Do not stir until it be—
comes luke, warm. in the meantime melt
the amount of chocolate (or cocoa may

he used, if you wish), adding to boiled
sugar and milk when you begin to stir
it. lly stirring when it is cold or lukc

warm, it is very fine grained. it takes
some time, to stir it but don't be afraid
it won’t grain, for it will. If it has been
(-ookcd,a little too hard add a little milk
or water when ready to put on cake.

I always keep pulverized sugar in the
house and a nice, quick chocolate frost—
ing may be made by stirring to right
consistency with water or milk, adding,
melted chocolate or cocoa. It will sur-i
prise you how nice this is. 5

Add cocoa to whipped cream and makei
a delicious frosting.»—Mrs. C. A. R. i

Buttermilk Cake.

One, cup of sugar and quarter cup of
butter, creR‘med together; one cup but»
termilk. teaspoonful soda, two large cups
floor. This makes one loaf. It is a fav-
orite as it is so simple to make and is
nearly always good. it is nice with
spices added, sometimes—Mrs. O.

 

Perfect
Soda

Cracker

Uneeda Biscuit are the perfect

soda crackers. The flour used must

meet a perfect test. The very purity

of the water is made doubly sure. Even

the air in the mixing and bake rooms is
filtered. The temperature and humidity-of

the atmosphere is accurately regulated to a uni-
form degree. The sponge is kneaded by polished

paddles.

modern ovens.

The baking is done in the cleanest of
Then Uneeda Biscuit are

packed fresh in the purple and White pack-
age that keeps them crisp and good from
oven to table. Is it any wonder that

are recognized as the

National
Cracker?

Never sold
in bulk

Soda

 

 

 

 

   
 

Wood Rollers

MM”)
HARTSHORN
SHADE ROLLERS

Bear the script name of
Stewart llartshorn on label.
Get “ Improved,” no tacks required.

Tin Rollers

 

' ' —lh»ll. l H
Wholesale FIsh Bargams s...;.....’a.,,.219:3
$1.75; QIl-lb. pail Family \“hito Fish. $1.25. Send for fish
SCANDIA FISH 00.. Dept. S. Duluth. Mlnn.

catalog.

 

D0 YOU WANT WORK?

We have absolutely the best proposition to
offer those who can give all or a. part of their
time to us. To those who can give all of their
time we pay a liberal salary and expenses. For
those who can give only part of their time we
have the most attractive commission and rebate
proposition ever offered.

Teachers and Students can earn a large salary
during their vacations. The work is pleasant.
and instructive. Write at once for full particu-
lars addressing

BOX F, care MICHIGAN FARMER, Detroit, Mich.

 

 

 

   
   
    

All.
MODERN
IMPRDVE-
MENT 5|.

COMPLHE
Ill EVERY
RESPECI.

 

    
 

 

south to Tennesse.

   

A $50 MACHINE

New Model with Ball Bearing Head and Stand--
Automatic Tension ReleaseuAutomatic
Drop Heath-High ArmnOaK or Walnut Table.

Ball-Bearing
Steel Pitman

Good Machines as low as $12.

For :7 extra will send the $19 machine with automatic lift in a. hand-
some cabinet frame.

We prepay freight to any freight station east. of the Mississippi River. or
You cannot afford to buy a machine until you have
tie-1y, for our handsome illustrated free catalog, printed in colors.

THE MICHIGAN FARMER, Detroit, Mlclin

  

for
only

$19

Lift

We Pay the Freight
Xi‘im90 Days’ Trial

Our new model, im-
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ing machine has cam
thread take up, giving

better control of the
thread and making a bet-
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backwards will not break
the thread. It has high-
est arm, disc tension, au-
tomatic bobbin winder
with loose band wheel,
high lift for heavy work.

Guaranteed for

20 YEARS.

and money refunded if not satis-
factory after 90 days’ trial. Com-
plete attachments, accessories
and illustrated book free. We
guarantee this machine to be
first-class in every particular,
handsome in appearance and
equal to any machine made.
Same machine without the au-
tomatic Llft for only $18.

 

 

 
  
  
  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

 

JUNE 3, 1911.

POULTRYm BEES?

AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA‘AAAAA

PROFIT lN CAPONIZING.

 

 

 

 

One of the problems that confronts the
poultry farmer each season is how to
dispose of the surplus cockerels and culls
to best advantage. If one could always
have the young cockerels in market con—
dition when prices are highest this ques-
tion would not be so perplexing, but to
hold them for any length of time and feed
them on high—priced grains until they
are in market condition, and then place
them on the market after prices have
declined is to realize very little, if any,
profit. Another thing, when one has no
special pen for the cockerels the will con-
tinually annoy the pullets, causing them
to develop improperly and preventing
them from growing as they should.

In order to solve the problem we should
caponize all the surplus cockerels. Ca-
~ ponizing is not such a difficult and disa-
greeable task as some may imagine, and
the loss resulting from the operation is
very. slight. After one acquires a little
experience the loss is hardly ever more
than one per cent. A complete set of
instruments can be purchased for about
$2.50, with which anyone can perform the
operation.

A capon will sell on the market for
about double the price per pound that is
paid for uncaponized cockerels. There-
fore, it is apparent that it is a profitable
proposition. Some markets quote them
at from 25 to 400 per 1b., and as a capon
will grow to large size, a single fowl will
often bring several dollars. The flesh of
the bird is also greatly improved by ca-
ponizing, becoming more juicy and tender
and having a delicious flavor.

When one is short of hens to brood
chicks, especially when incubator chicks
are to be given to hens, a capon will per-
form this duty admirably. Their great
size enables a capon to properly care for
as high as fifty chicks. Some may think
they might be inclined to injure the
chicks but this is not the case. After
being caponized they become very quiet
and docile. They do not crow, nor do
their oomby'grow. They do not annoy
the pullets as they did before being op-
erated on, and they can, therefore, be
housed with the pullets if desired.

Cockerels should be caponized when
they weigh about two pounds each. Se-
lect only good, healthy birds. The larger
the specimen the greater the loss of blood
will be. The operation is sometimes not
performed successfully, which results in
what we call “slips.” That is, the opera-
tion failed to remove the parts entirely
and they commence to develop again.
Such cockerels can, in most cases, be
used as breeders as they are most always
as good as before being caponized.

Indiana. 0. E. chmum.

DON’T BE BOTHERED WITH SWARM-
ING BEES.

 

There is no more use of allowing your
bees to pester you with useless swarming
than there is of allowing your cows to
pasture on your wheat or corn. Either
would be an unmitigated nuisance, and
either can be very easily prevented. A
fence will keep your cows out of the
corn; less labor will keep the bees from
swarming, and the benefit is as great in
either case. I’ve heard men say they
hadn’t time to perform the neces-
sary operations to keep bees from swarm-
ing, but they would put in four times
that amount of time chasing up to the
bee yard to hive swarms, besides keeping
the wife or children busy watching for
swarms to keep them from getting away
entirely. That isn’t the worst of it; they
lost half of their crop of honey by allow-
ing the bees to sulk and swarm. There
are numerous ways to keep them from
swarming, which may be varied to suit
your circumstances.

The first one I will give is a good one
for the man who has some old combs
on hand and who wants some increase.
As soon as your swarm is beginning to
get crowded, set on another hive body
with a full set of combs and allow the
queen free access. See that they do Jiot
lack for honey, if the flow has not yet
begun, and allow them these two hive
bodies until they have them both pretty
well filled with brood and honey. Then
take half of the combs containing the
most brood and set them on a new stand,
leaving‘ the combs with the least brood
on the old stand. Then immediately put
Supers on the old stand. If you use full

\

VTHE MICHIGAN FARMER.

sheets of foundation in the supers, as you
certainly ought, the beeswill begin op-
erations at once, drawing out the founda-
tion above and carrying up the honey
from below to make room for brood. The
honey should not be left on long enough,
before dividing, to allow the bees to cap
it over as they will not move it so read-
ily if it is capped and may swarm out
rather than carry it up. thereby defeat-
ing your main object.

This will in most cases put an end to
swarming in that colony for that season,
but they should be examined about once
in eight or nine days for queen cells. If
you find cells, make sure their queen is
still there. They sometimes lose their
queen and this would explain the pres-
ence of the cells. The surest way to tell
whether the queen is there is to look for
eggs. If you find eggs, and cells well
started, in the same hive, you may be
sure they are getting ready to swarm.
Sometimes you can prevent their swarm-
ing just by cutting out the cells, but it
is not a very sure method. Shake them
on to foundation, which will effectually
put a stop to their swarming operations
for that summer. This can be done in
the first place, instead of using the divid-
ing method, but it is a little harder for
the inexperienced man to do successfully.
When using this method, instead of put-
ting on the upper story of combs, just
put on your comb-honey supers when you
see them beginning to whiten the cap-
pings along the top bar, and examine
them once a. week for cells. As soon as
you find cells started, shake the bees on
foundation and set the hive containing
the brood on a new stand. Put the
supers back on the hive on the old stand.
Care should be used when shaking not
to shake off so many of the bees that
there are not enough left to take care of
the brood, and be sure you leave the
queen with the foundation on the old
stand.

Your flying force will soon all be back
at the old stand where the supers are,
making a strong colony just where you
need it. The young bees hatching out in
the other hive will soon build them up
and if the season is long enough you
may get some honey from them also.
Don’t make the mistake so many farm-
ers do of putting on one super and letting
it go at that. You are simply throwing
away half or more of your crop. Put
one super on and as soon as that is
two-thirds filled raise it up and slip an-
other under it. W'hen the second super
is two-thirds filled put on the third, and
so on until the harvest is nearly ended
when, if you think they may need more
room, set your empty super on top of the
others, when they will fill the others and
cap them complete before they go into
the one on top. Otherwise, you will have
a lot of unfinished sections. Bees are
averse to working up through sealed hon-
ey, and if the supers are simply put on
top, as they are added one by one through
the season, the first or lower super ‘is
likely to be the only one that will be
filled.

Mecosta Co. L. C. WHEELER.

CROOKED~ BREASTED FOWLS.

 

This is a deformity which lessens the
value of a fowl for whatever purpose it
is offered. Many buyers shun trussed
fowls with crooked breast-bones as much
as if they were of an injurious nature to
the consumer. They are not so, but they
certainly give a very imperfect appear-
ance, and that always tells against the
seller. Good judges buying fowls for
breeding, or to improve their stock, will
always handle a fowl that is considered.
The first spot the hand is clapped on is
the breast, when, if the bone is found to
be crooked, the bird is thrown out.

Visitors to shows are often puzzled to
understand how certain fine birds, ap—
parently perfect in every external point,
are unrecognized, but fifty chances to
one, if the bird could be handled, a
crooked breast—bone would be found, and
there ends all success. The subject is
therefore of very much interest to fowl
raisers and should receive the keenest
attention. Inbreeding, which has such a
tendency to weakness, is responsible for
many crooked breast—bones, but many
crooked breasts result from treatment of
the young fowls, and this should be
averted now. Allowing them to perch or
roost on narrow, thin sticks is a. fertile
cause of it, as the pliable bone, resting
so long on a sharp edge, soon bends. See
that none are allowed to roost on such
perches. Be most careful in providing
poles as thick as the wrist, or flat rails
or strips of wood about three inches wide.

(13)

   
 

       
       
     
 

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dusty drive or weary walk this
summer. For this—and just any
time for pure deliciousncss—drink
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Bee Supplies and Berry Baskets.

Hives, Sections, Comb Foundation, Smokers, eic. Berry Baskets &Craies

. We can save you freight expense. and make prompt shipments
Send for catalog. Will quote low prices on large quantities.

M. H. HUNT 8 SON, 110 Condit St.. Lansing, Mich.

EGGS from the famous Blue BJlle Strain of Barred

ltooksbgn'ixo winners at Chicago & Boston. $1.50 a
setting. from special on of 8 hens. $2 from s )ecial
pen of 10 pallets. Lake idge Farm, Levering, lvlich.

EGGS FOR HATCIHNGiyilfidXt’i’é‘EE
White and Columbia". White Holland Turkeys. and

bite Guineas. Z. KINNE, Three Oaks, Mich.

   

 

 

EVERY FARMER should have a
scale to protect
himself against the dealer who shortweighs
him and the stock which puts more in its
belly than onto its ribs.
who believes in fair

ANY FARMER 1... a...

from me at dcalers' priccs because the
cowardly-thist-controlled dealer Says that I
can't sell you if I sell him, and your money
is as good as his and your credit hotter. My
price, my approval plan and all information
is free. Tell me the scale and I will make
you an offer. No dealers wanted.

“Jonas, He Pm the Freilln."

' ' —Standard bred and ab
Bargg'n In "0 ll Reds fiton. Single comb 88880;;
per 1.); Rose comb eggs $1.23 per 26 in good basket.
Quality and safe arrival guaranteed. Raise Reds and
compete With Canada. Buy of the poultry H cialist.

W. T. FRENCH. Ludington. Mic ilgan.

S C BLACK MlNUItOA EGGS—La large white
0 0 eggs and lots of them. $1 for L; $3 for 50; $5
for 100. E. A. BLACK, R. No. 6, Lakeview. Michigan.

~ltose or single comb , k.
While Le horns erels. liose Comb eggs 31033032
per 15. Ray . (xrzihani, R. I“. i). No. 1, Flint. Mich.

LILLIE FARHSTEAD POULTRY

B. P. Rocks. R. I. Reds. W. anndottee and S. C. W’

is Ney 5L, Binghamton. N. Y.
Leghorn eg for sale, 15 for $1: 26 for $1.50; 50 f I
32.50. (%L()N (l. LILLIE, Coopersville. Mich.or

SALESMEN WANTED ......

Trained Salesman earn {mm _ VJ Whitest Barred Rocks, Black J; White inorcas
$10.0(XNX) a year and expenses. Hggoxggg g; “hite 6 Bull: Leghorns, Bose & Single Comb Redsl
good positions now open. No experience need- i Houdans a ll lute (:nsled Blk Polish. H. R. King, Willis, Mich.
ed to get one of them. We will assist you to
secure a position where you can gel: Practical
Experience as a Salesman and earn a good sal-
ary while you are learning. Write today for full
particulars, list of good positions we now have
open and testimonials from hundreds of men
recently placed in good positions.
IAddress Nearest Office, Dept. 203

Nationde '1'" A "
Chmx' 0 New Yofk'meuen. cr‘a’mmmg ‘mSthoh-lun”

 

 

 

 

HOROUGHBBED S. 0. BROWN LEGH ')
T at, 3111) it 15 or $5.“) per 100. Stool: Egg)?
LE“ 18 '1‘. 0 PENLANDER. it. No. 4. Lansing, Mich:

—Light Brahma, Vl'hite VVyandotte ' -
E‘ggs Rocks. '1 a setting, $1.50 for tn%ll(;elt;t‘ihrgsd
i... 1). BIsnoP. Route 38. Lake Odessa, Michigan. ‘

—K 1 st -
ll. 0. ll. Leghprn' (lockercls ,hgrg ,S'Ffi'fg) 338 fig;
in season. L. W. WAI'IE. GobleVIIIe. Michigan.

’ SINGLE 00MB BUCK MINORCAS‘M‘” ”’9' u“-

. at. t z . ‘
$1.50 per setting. R. W. MILLS. Salinas iii-Twig?

ILVER. GOLDEN and WHITE WY
Eggs $1.50 per 15; $2.50 per 30. A few Wag) 83:33:01

      

  

0-315] " "
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1 ft. -ir‘ l f . . W. ' .
Safeguard your home. TheODODD svs'rilm odf ‘3 ° “”8" we 0 Bromine Portlandmich.
protection is the standard. my system en orse __

b’i ZomAlnsuraiicetggmiiiuiiesi Lolvveigs insuiigéic; 1 FOR SAL %m9}32“§ Risofolzirilndifi I;l)afx:)¢l
ra as. gents wan . ‘ne, arge .5: thing 0 ‘ 2.75; 100f . UE ‘ ~ :- .
with vivid lightning scenes. free. Address 1 8 or 35 B LL BRO " Ann Arbon Mich.

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DODD & STRUTHERS,4296ih Ave., Des Maine, In. WHITE w1‘Nn“TIES-Egg“lthglgdwgeiiélili:.ifllig&fi 311:3
cum: gunman“. Pays- 11- FRANKLIN SMITH. Ann Arbor. Mich.

 

Dr. Frank’s Remedy 00.. Detroit,
Mich, will till you how FREE.
W'rite postal today.

HEAVES

“G1 ‘ '
Bees on the Farm Beeea’éh’lgfiéil

' . d . . W ‘ , , .
White Wyandotie ““23. i....i:'i€..i§§.“°ii'f§o

per 15 or :5 per 100. WATE‘HBURY. Clarkston, Mich.

 

 

Frill hfilp Iyou get igore pleasure and more profit, 8'

rom ee eeping. mon strial subscription 250, r h d f h t'
Book on Bees and Catalog of Supplies sent free, TRAIN is: ZEEdW$h°mm ”smile-(:1. £31233
THE A. I. ROOT COMPANY, .01 54. "Idlfll. 0M0. 2-cent stamp. W. E. LECKY. Holmcsville. Ohio.

 

 

0U “’RITE W. J. ROSS. Rochester. M ichigan.
for those beautiful sable and white Coll ie Puppies.

“EG_GMAKERS ”—3.110. gzmwn Leghorns, 4 set.

 

Canada. W. R. GILBERT.

 

 

WM. J. COOPER. M . Em) E‘fi'i' 100' “'75-

Pleasan Gluten. of the finest breeding. and from stock workers.

..

 


606 an

MAiygE'rs =

DETROIT WHOLESALE MARKETS.

May 31, 1911.
Grains and Seeds.

Wheat.~—Dealers appear confused re-
garding the wheat market, and are care-
ful about going too far in either direction
from present quotations. May options
have served a bullish purpose and un-
doubtedly did much to maintain the pres-
ent basis of values. Speculation as to
what the July option will bring forward
is now the order of interest. Crop con-
ditions have improved. Rain being gen-
eral throughout the country, and cool
days are aiding the fields. Europe re-
ports better weather and easier market
conditions in Argentine have also favored
the bears. One year ago the price for
No. 2 red wheat was $1.09 per bushel.
The following are the quotations for the
past week:

No. 2 No. 1

Red. White. July. Sept.
Thursday . . . . . .911,§ .901/é .90 .8955
Friday ........91% .901/2 .90 .8914;
Saturday . . . . . .911/2 90% .90 . 89%
Monday .......91 .90 .8914 .8893,
Tuesday ........ .. . . .. ...
Wednesday . . . .91 .90 .89 .8814»

Germ—This deal has held about steady
with a week ago. There continues a fair
demand from the east and abroad. Crop
conditions, however, are improved. Plant-
ing has progressed rapidly and the crop
promises to be in the ground in good
season. One year ago No. 3 corn was
quoted at 611/20 per bu. Following are
the quotations for the week:

No. 3 No. 3

Corn. Yellow.
Thursday ................ 55 56
Friday .................... 551/2 561,5
Saturday ................. .3514 56%,;
Monday .................. 56
Tuesday .................. . . . .
“'ednesday ............... 55 56

Oats—«'While the outlook in the south—
west for oats is very unpromising, the
crop has shown general improvement in
the central and eastern states. Prices
are ruling on last week‘s basis. Standard
oats sold at 433/.‘1c per bu. a year ago.
Quotations for the past week are as fol-

lows:
Standard No. 3
White.
Thursday ........... . . . . 38 3714,
Friday .................. . 38 14 371%.,
Saturday ................. 381/2), 38
Monday .................. 38 371/2
Tuesday ............. . . . .
Wednesday ............... 371/2 37

Beans.~Cash beans are quoted 10c be-
low last week’s figures, while the October
option is off 20. Prices are only nominal

and the market is! lifeless. Quotations
are as follows:

Cash Oct.
Thursday $194 $1.95
Friday ..................... 1.94 1.95
Saturday ................... 1.114 1.95
Monday .................... 1.114 1.95
Tuesday ....................... . . . .
'Wednesday ........... . 1.94 1.95

Clover Seed—Quotations have advanced
all along the line. New seeding is un-
promising, owing to the extremely dry
weather. A year ago October seed was
bought at 536.42% per bu. Quotations for
the week are as follows:

Prime. Oct. Alsike.
Thursday ......... $9.00 $7.95 $8.75
Friday ............ 9.00 8.20 8.75
Saturday ......... $1.25 8.30 9.00
Monday ........... 9.25 8.30 9.00
Tuesday .............. .. . .
\Vednesday ....... 9.25 8.30 9.00

Timothy Seed.———The market is inactive
and steady, with the recently established
quotation of $5.60 per bu. still offered.

Flour, Feed, Provisions, Etc.

Flour.—Market is fair with prices
steady. Quotations are:

Clear ............ .$475
Straight .... 4.65
Patent Michigan 4.90
Ordinary Patent ...... 4.90

Hay and Straw.——Market steady at last
wt-ck’s range of values. Quotations on
baled hay in car lots f. o. b. Detroit are:
No. 1 timothy, $220.23; No. 2 timothy,
5219/11 20: clover, mixed, $196120: rye straw,
$7: wheat and oat straw, $6.50 per ton.

Feed.—Prices are steady with a week
ago. Carlot prices on track are: lran,
$27 per ton; coarse middlings, $26; fine
middlings, $28: cracked corn, $22; coarse
(0TH meal, $22; corn and oat chop, 320
per ton.

PotatoesflMarket is dull with prices
ruling 5c below the declined values of a
week ago. New potatoes are increasing
in demand. in car lots Michigan potatoes
are selling at 30fl35c per bushel.

Provisionsr—«li‘amily pork, 15175001850;
mess pork, $716.75: medium clear, $16@]7;
smoked hams, i411§fi115c; briskets, 101/361)
11c: shoulders, 10c; picnic hams, 9c;
bacon, ”flint/4c: pure lard in tierces,
51c; kettle rendered lard. 10c.

Dairy and Poultry Products.

Butter.——A steady market continued
throughout the past week for creamery
and dairy goods. Chicago, New York and
lClgin markets advanced in the face of
increased receipts. which, it is believed,
are being purchased by storage people,
many of whom are offering premiums to
get what they want. The advance at
those points am‘ounts to about 20 and it is
expected that the local quotation will
follow. Quotations are: Extra creamery
210: do., firsts, 19c; dairy, 150; packing
stock. 13c per lb.

Eggs.——Heavy receipts are. causing sell-
ers of eggs worry and prices are off 3.40.
The extent of storage _0perations is be—
lieved to be limited to smaller quantities
than usuah. “Fresh receipts, case count,

.......... cannon-none...-

.instmces «Hooper - cwt

\

iTHE MICHIGAN FARMER.‘

cases included, are quoted at 14940 per
dozen.

Poultry.——The trade is confined to. live
fowls only and chickens and hens are the
active features of the market. Most kinds
are quoted a shade lower. Market easy.
Live—Spring chickens, 14c; hens, 140; old
roosters, 10c; turkeys, 14@15c; geese, 8@

9c; ducks, young, 12@13c; broilers, 25@
280 per lb.

Cheese—Michigan, old, 17c; Michigan,
late, 13@14c. York state, old, 170; do.

late made, 12@131,éc; limburger, early, 14

@150; Swiss domestic block, 16@18c;
cream brick, 14@15c.
Veai.-——Market higher. Fancy, 9@91/20;

choice, 7Qt7léc per lb.
Fruits and Vegetables.

Cabbage—Higher. Selling at $2.75@
3 per crate. ,

Strawberries.—Quoted at $3.50@3.75 per
24—qt. case.

Pineappies.—$3.25@3.75 per dozen.

Apples.——Becoming scarce; only a few
varieties on the market and very firm.
Steel reds. $6.50@7; ordinary grades, $4.50
(:5 per bbl; Western apples, $2.75@3 per
box.

O—THER MARKETS.

Grand Rapids.

The price paid shippers this week for
eggs is 140. Dairy butter is firm at 1661)
17c, and creamery is 2c higher. Benton
Harbor strawberries will begin coming
in quantities this week and there will
probably be a fair crop in spite of the dry
weather. The poultry market is higher,
fowls bringing 13@14c. No. 2 red wheat
is worth 870.

 

Chicago.

\Vheat.~No. 2 red, 92@961/gc; July,
88?;4c; Sept, 87%c per bu.
Corn—No. 2, 53%@54c; July, 52%@

53c; Sept, 53%c per bu.

Oats—No. 2 white, 36@36%c;
35‘?§c; Sept, 351/20.

Barley—Making grades,
bu; feeding, 60((L70c.

Butter.——Despite heavy production and
liberal offerings prices have advanced 2c
on creamei‘y and 1c on dairy since this
time last week. The improved demand is
the result of more active buying on stor-
age account and the market is firm at
the higher range. Quotations: Cream-
eries, 171/J@123c; dairies, extra, 20c per lb.

i~1ggs.——This market is easy under a
quiet demand and continued liberal re-
ccipts. Prices are off 1&0 on all grades
€'.‘Lt'(\]lt prime firsts. Quotations are:
l'rime firsts, 15c; fii‘sts, 14c per dozen;
at mark, cases included, 126012360

Potatoes—Old stock continues to come
to market in considerable quantities and
the market is rather unsettled. Prices
at this week's opening showed a little
improvement over those of a week ago.
Quotations on old potatoes are: ChOice
to fancy, 40€i42c per bu; fair to good,
36?} 38c.

Beans—The call for beans is slow and
unsatisfactory. Prices have declined
sharply during the past week, all kinds
suffering. Choice hand-picked pea beans
quoted at 61.95602 per bu; prime, $1.85@
1.97.; red kidneys, 5332560365 per bu.

Hay and Straw.—~Both hay and straw
are firm at unchanged values. rQuo-
iations: Choice timothy, $22@23; No. 1
timothy, $20.506i'2150; N0. 2 do. and N0.
1 mixed, $19fi20; No. 3 do. and No. 2
mixed, $15.50Kd‘17.50: rye straw, $8.504T9;
oat straw, $7627.50; wheat straw, $66!)
6.50 per ton.

July,

85@96e per

 

New York.

Zutter.——Creameries have advanced MD
31/20 and the market is firm. Creamery
specials are quoted at 25@25%c; extras,
2414-0 per lb. .

Eggs—High grade stock in compara-
tively light supply and higher. Medium
and lower grades over-plenty and dull.
Fresh gathered extras, 20@21c; firsts, 164D
161,912; rseconds, 156015360; western gath-
ered whites, 17611190. _

Poultry—Live. Western spring chick-
ens, 200; fowls, 131/26314c; turkeys, 12c.
Dressed——Fresh killed turkeys, 13®16c;
fowls, 12513617151/gc; western broilers, 20
@280

Boston.

“’ool.~lt is difficult to put one’s finger
upon the cause for the improvement in
wool circles, but a majority of those who
pass opinions seem to credit the present
attitude of congress with a large part of
the strength. \‘i’ools that holders a few
weeks ago would have been glad to part
with at 50 cents cannot be purchased
short of two cents above that figure now.
Agents are bidding anxiously for the new
clip and the competition is developing
strength and encouraging the farmer who
still holds his product. Michigan dealers
are asking around 20@21c for medium
Wools, 190 for delaines and about 16c for
tine and rejections. Sales in Boston
for the week amounted to 2,690,500 lbs.

 

 

Elgln.

Rutter.———Market firm at 23c per 1b.,
which is an advance of 2c over the rum-
tation of last week. Output for the
week. 960,200 lbs, as compared with 839,-
700 lbs. for the previous week.

THE LIVE STOCK MARKETS.
Buffalo.
May 29. 1911.
(Special report by Dunning & Stevens,
New York Central Stock Yards,
East Buffalo. N. Y.)

Receipts of stock here today as follows:
Cattle, 156 cars: hogs. 14.880; sheep and
lambs. 11.600: calves, 2.600. _

iVith only 22,000 cattle reported in Chi-
cago, and 156 cars on this market. all the
handy butcher cattle from 1,150 lbs. down
sold strong at .last Monday’s prices. Qual-

ity considered, heavy cattle from 1.160

lbs. and up sold about 10c, and in some
lower, “as there

were some finer. cattle here today than:

have been shown in'the last two weeks.

'We quote: Best 1,350 to 1,500-lb. steers
$6.25@6.50; good prime 1,200 to 1,300-lb.
steers, $6.10@6.30; best 1,100 to 1,200-lb.
shipping steers, $5.65@6.10; medium
butcher steers, 1,000 to 1,100 lbs., $5.40@
5.65; light butcher steers, $5@5.25; best
fat cows, $4.60@5.25; fair to good do.,
$3.75@4.50; common to medium do., $3.40@
4; trimmers, $2.75qu3.25; best fat heifers,
$5.50@6; good do., $5.15@5.50; fair to good
do., $4.25@4.75; stock heifers, $4.50@4.75;
stockers, all grades, $4@4.50; best feeding
steers, dehorned, $5.25@5.50; common
feeding steers, $4.50@4.75; best bulls, $5
@525; bologna bulls, $4@4.75; stock bulls
common to good, $3.50@4; best milkers
and springers, $55@60; common to good
do., $256,040.

Cow trade was slow today; common
cows very hard to sell at satisfactory
prices. Good many staggery cows com—
ing.

Today's hog market shows a decline of
about a nickle a hundred on the bulk of
the mixed, medium and york weights,
while prices on pigs ruled about steady.
Lotal packers bought the bulk of the
good quality mixed hogs from $6.45@6.50;

those running to the lighter weights at

the latter price, which was the extreme
top for any Idecks carrying a medium
weight top. The sorted yorkers sold
generally at $6.50, with a few decks of
selected quality at $6.55, while pigs sold
generally at $6.50. Rough sows sold from
$5.40@5.50; bulk going at $5.45. Stags
sold from $425605, according to quality.
liogs are practically all cleaned up; mar-
ket closing steady. »

Lamb market opened active todaY;
most of the choice dry-fed lambs selling
ilTer25: few at $7.35. Look for about
steady prices on handy dry—fed lambs‘for
balance of week, but look for lower prices
after next Monday. Grassy lambs selling
from 316.25.696.75 according to flesh. Trade
is very dull on common grass“ lambs to-
day; selling anywhere from 361250
market was slow today; most of_ the
choice handy ewes selling at 353.7564;
wethers, 6120611450; look for about steady
prices on sheep balance of week.

Best handy lambs, $7607.25; heavy lambs
$6606.25; bucks, $3@3.25; cull sheep, $1.50
603; yearlings, $5.50@5.75; wethers, $4.25
«14.50; handy ewes, $375604; heavy ewes,
63.5061/375; vcals, choice to extra, $4,754!)

8'. fair to good do., $5.50@7.25; heavy
calves, $3.5069450.
Chicago.
May 29, 191].
Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.
Received today ...... 21,500 37,000 23,000
Same day last year..12,867 28,329 9,937
lteceived last week..53,364141,370 63,33;
0 1

Same week last year'.45,076 118,126

'l‘oinorrow will be Decoration Day, and
the packers are not expected to work
over half a day, sol_tiiat receipts today are
sullicient for the general requirements.
Cattle were in very fair demand, how—
t-ver, and prices were about steady, with
butcher stock and prime steers ruling
firm. This follows advances of 10612150
in butcher stock and bulls last week and
a rise in that time of 50(075c in calves.
l’lain heavy steers declined 10c last week.
Hogs closed better last week than might
have been expected with the increased re—
ceipts, values being mainly a dime higher
than a week carlier. The average weight
of the hogs received last week was 243
lbs., being three pounds heavier than a.
week earlier, and comparing with 240 lbs.
a year ago and 218 lbs. two years ago.
The receipts today were much smaller
than for recent Mondays, and the early
market was steady and unchanged, but
the late trade was slow at weak values.
Hogs sold at $5.606L6.221/3, pigs going at
$5.50@6.15, boars at $2.25ftb2.75 and stags
at 365.95.616.30, stags selling subject to 80
lbs. dockage per head. Sheep and lambs
were again in bad shape, following the
bad close of last week. Trade was very
slew on the following basis for clipped
stock: Lambs, 5512561600; ewes, ,
4.15; wethers, $3.SJO@4.50; yearlings, $4.50
(«5.50. There was a large run of south-
ern spring lambs, which were slower at
92452561, 7.25. 'thn the market clOsed last
week sheep and lambs were 2565500 lower
than at the best time of the week, and
today‘s close was especially bad. The
packers received last week about 14,000
spring lambs direct from Louisville, and
this direct movement is expected to in-
crease from now on.

Cattle have met with a better demand
on the whole in recent weeks than ear—
lier in the season, the consumption of
beef being somewhat larger, but it is still
not liberal enough to warrant large mar-
ketings of cattle, and country shippers
should send in stock conservatively. Early
apptarancc of extremely hot weather is
highly unfavorable for the sale of heavy
becves, the popular demand being for
light cuts of beef, and this tends to make
fat handy yearling steers and fat cows
and heifers the most active and firmest
in price. J.eef steers sold_ last week
largely at $5.507t6.25, the commoner lots
of light-weight steers going at $5fi (135.50
and the better class of shipping beeves
at: $6.15m16.40. Export steers were salable
at 3656061620 and good to choice yearling
steers at 657540630. Good killers were
purchased at 51357561610 and medium
grade steers at $5.60@5.70. The tendency
all of the time is for country shippers to
send in too many cattle. and prices av-
eraged a little lower for most of the
steers during the first half of'last week,
with a rally of 100 Thursday on light re-
ceipts. The great bulk of the cattle are
still offered on Monday and Wednesday,
and 25,148 head showed up Monday last
week. Cows and heifers on the butcher
order have been good sellers at $3.60@
6.10, cutters selling at $3.10fi3.55, -canners
at 32.106113 and hulls at $3.50@5.65. The

«stocker and 'feeder trade was fair con?

sidering the high prices asked, the form-
er selling at $4@5.60 and the latter at

Sheep.

$2.50@'

JUNE 3, 1911.

$5@5.75, while a. good demand existed for
stocker and feeder cows and heifers at
$4@4.75. The profits on fattening female
cattle have been so good as compared
with those for steers, that many farmers
are going to place cows and heifers in
their feed lots. Calves have been active
at further good advances, selling at $3.50
@550 per 100 lbs. for the coarser heavy
ones, while the better class of light veal-
ers sold at $7@8.25. Milkers and spring-
ers had a moderate sale at $30@65 per
head, the inquiry being mainly for choice
cows at $48 and better, with not many
offered that were prime enough to sell
above $60. There is still a good demand
for breeding cows.

Hogs are marketed freely from feeding
districts, matured lots being in large sup-
ply in mest parts of the corn belt, and
all that causes a check in the movement
from time to time is a bad break in
prices. The market for a long time has
been in a depressed condition due to so
many offerings, especially those of heavy
weights, and coarse, heavy old sows are
going at a big discount. The choicer lots
of underweights on the bacon order are
particularly scarce still and are market
toppers, with a large demand from pack-
ers. Ruling prices for hogs are much
lower than two years ago, and look es~
pecially low when placed in comparison
With those paid a year ago, when swine
were remarkably scarce and abnormally
high. As compared with three years ago,
however, prices look very high. Farmers
have been feeding a great deal of corn
all along to their hogs, and this is still a
profitable thing to do, notwithstanding
the large decline that has taken place in
hog values. The eastern shipping de-
mand for hogs of the better class is very
good, but this demand has not kept pace
with the increasing receipts

Sheep and lambs have been marketed
here and elsewhere in such greatly re-
duced numbers of late that sellers were
able to dictate terms, and the extremely
sensational rise in prices of the preceding
week was followed by a further sharp
advance early last week. These advances
came about as the natural result of
sheepmen disposing of most of their fed
flocks some time ago, leaving decidedly
inadequate supplies for sending to mar-
ket. These upturns were followed by a.
natural reaction, buyers refusing to 0p-
era to freely except at reductions, and this
caused some breaks in prices, although
even at the lowered figures, the market
was still high as compared with the time
before the boom started. Now that most:
of the fed [locks are out of the way, buy-
ers will be obliged to wait for the grass-
t‘ed ilocks and southern spring lambs.

Horses were marketed with the usual
freedom for several days last week, and
as the general demand was hardly good
enough to warrant such generous sup-
plies, prices weakened and ruled to a.
large extent $10 per head lower. The
market was particularly bad ~for inferior.
horses selling at $150 and under, the best
demand being for a medium class of
business horses of medium weights sell-
ing‘around 618560210. Choice drafters had
a fair sale around 36220611265, with not
many good enough to bring $250 early in
the week, and several pairs of drafters
went at $390@400. Later in the week
attractive light chunks sold tip to $475
per pair, and a handsome black horse
adapted for either saddle or harness
brought $175. A pair of greys sold at
auction at 6630. F.

CROP AND MARKET NOTES.

(Continued from page 598).

Beets are in and many are about
Many early potatoes are
up, ready to cultivate. Fruit of all kinds
bids fair for a good supply. Meadows are
rather short for the season, there being
too little rain for rapid growth. There
seems to be an abundance of pigs in the
county. as many farmers have sale
posters on the front gate. Wool is going
out of the farmer’s hands at from 15@
19c. Eggs and butter are both far below
the market of a year ago.

Lapeer 00., May 15.—Weather cool and
dry, with frosty nights for the past week.
\Vheat, oats, new seeding, meadows and
pastures need rain. Pastures are insulti-
cient and supplementary feeding is quite
necessary for milch cows. Hay is scarce
and almost impossible to get. Many po-
tatoes are already planted, May planting
seeming to be popular in this section. No
corn planted as yet. Quite a large ac-
reage of sugar beets going in this season.
Potatoes in the local market are bring-
ing 300; oats, 35c; wheat, 860; beans,
$1.75. Cows are not looking very well on
accgunt of poor pastures and shortage of
feet.

 

year.
ready to thin.

Wisconsin.

Ashland 00., May 10.—Spring work is
progressing finely and weather is very
favorable for same. Some have oats sown
and up, while others have ground ready
and are waitin for rain. Some have
early potatoes p anted but majority will
plant the coming week. Ground is very
dry below eight or ten inches. No mois-
ture found below twelve inches in digging
post holes. If no heavy or continued
rains, look out for a poor hay crop. For-
est fires are very had again and‘ a good
many losses of logs, wood and bridges
are reported. Hay is a very scarce arti-
cle and dealers report it impossible to
buy tame or prairie hay at any price.
()ne ear of refuse March hay was on the
market here and sold for $19.

Ohio.

May 22.—The weather is
very hot and dry; grass not growing
much. Farmers are busy washing and
shearing sheep. Barley, oats, corn and
some potatoes are up already. Most of
this spring’s lambsare pretty nice. All
live stock is looking good so far, but

Carroll 00.,

there will not be much grass if we don’t,

get a good rain so'on‘.

 

 

,. ..wx. - a-.. -1- “n+1 -11....“ _- _,

o:

no

 

 


 

 

   

JUNE 3, 1911.
THIS is THE LAST EDITION.

In the first edition the Detroit Live
Stock markets are reperts of last week;
all other markets are right up to date.
Thursday’s Detroit Live Stock markets
are given in the last edition. The first
edition is mailed Thursday, the last edi-
tion Friday morning. The first edition is
mailed to those who care more to get the
paper early than they do for Thursdays
Detroit Live Stock market report. You
may have any edition desired. Subscrib-
ers may chan e from one edition to an-
other by dropp ng us a cardto that effect.

DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS.

 

Thursday’s Market.

June 1,
Cattle.

Receipts, 965. Good dry—fed strong;
thin grassers dull; butcher grades good;
quality full steady.

iVe quote: Best steers and heifers,
$6.10@6.20; steers and heifers, 1,000 to
1,200, $5.75@6; steers and heifers, 800 to
1,000, $5.25@5.75; grass steers and heif-
ers that are fat, 800 to 1,000. $5@5.25:
grass steers and heifers that are fat, 500
to 700, $4.50@5.25; choice fat cows. $4.50
@5: good fat cows, $4.25@4.40; common
cows, $3.50; canners, $2.50@3; choice
heavy bulls, $4.75@5; fair to good bo-
lognas, bulls, $4.75@5; stock bulls, $3.50@
4.25; choice feeding steers, 9800 to 1,000,
$5605.25; fair feeding steers, 800 to 1,060,
$4.50@4.85; choice'stockers, 500 to 700,
$4.50@4.75; fair stockers, 500 to 700, $4.25
(£04.50; stock heifers, $3.50@4.25; milkers,
large, young, medium age, $40@55; com-
mon milkers, $20@35.

Bishop, B. & H. sold Mich. B. Co. 2
bulls av 1,160 at $4.50, 1 do weighing 1,450
at $4.50, 2 do av 850 at $4; to Regan 4
butchers av 767 at $5, 1 cow weighing 820
at $4; to Bresnahan 3 do av 1,016 at $3.70;
to Kamman B. Co. 4 steers av 942 at
$5.60; to Parker, \V. & Co. 2 bulls av
1,140 at $4.70, 28 steers av 950 at $5.40; to
Moffat 1 do weighing 830 at $4.75, 1 cow
weighing 900 at $3.50, 1 do weighing.950
at $4, 7 do av 1,016 at $4.40; to Sullivan
P. Co. 1. bull weighing 1,990 at $5, 1 steer
weighing 1,150 at $6.10, 2 do av 1,060 at
$5.85, 1 cow weighing 1,250 at $5, 1 do
weighing 1,060 at $4.25, 2 do av 1,025 at
$3.75; to Bresnahan 2 cows av 880 at
$3.50; to Parker, \V. & Co. 1 bull weigh—
ing 1,150 at $4.60, 17 steers av 1,206 at
$6.20, 7 heifers av 407 at $3.75; to Ham-
mond, S. & Co. 5 butchers av 834 at
$4.55; to LaBoe 2 bulls av 1,200 at $4.60.

Spicer & R. sold Mich. B. Co. 19 steers
av 1,115 at $6.15, 19 do av 1,033 at $6.15;
to Sullivan P. Co. 18 do av 1,243 at $6.10,
19 do av 1,032 at $6.10, 18 do av 1,137 at
$6.10, 19 do av 1,118 at $6.10, 19 do av
1,113 at $6.10, 18 do av 1,200 at $6.10, 18
do av 1,183 at $6.10, 1 cow weighing 1.000
at $4.50, 4 do av 942 at $4.25, 2 canners
av 855 at $3. 4 cows av 955 at $4.60, 1 bull
weighing 1, 70 at $4.60., 1 canner weighing
750 at“$2."5' , ‘1 cow weighing 1,020 at $4,
1 do weighing 860 at $3, 1 bull weighing
830 at $4.25; to Regan 2 heifers av 480 at
$4.50; to Rattkowsky 3 do av 480 at $4; to
Cooke 2 steers av 860 at $4.80, 25 do av
960 at $6; to Parker, W. & Co. 1 cow
weighing 770 at $3.25, 2 bulls av 1,200 at
$4.50, 12 steers av 933 at $6; to B. S. &
Co. 2 cows av 715 at $3.25, 5 stockers av
666 at $4.75, 4 do av 742 at $4.75; to Kam-
man B. Co." 25 steers av 950 at $5.75, 1
do weighing 560 at $5; to Hammond, S. &
Co. 1 cow weighing 1,000 at $3.50, 2 do
975 at $4, 8 butchers av 887 at $5, 1 cow
weighing 800 at $2, 4 (10 av 992 at $4, 2
steers av 915 at $5.25, 1 do weighing 820
at $5, 1 bull weighing 950 at $4.50; to B.
S. & Co. 1 heifer weighing 450 at $3.35,
1 do weighing 830 at $4.50, 1 stocker
weighing 600 at $4.25.

Roe Com. C0. sold Parker, W. & Co.
1 cow weighing 950 at $4.50. 1 do weighing
820 at $2.50. 1 bull weighing 730 at $4.25,
1 do weighing 1,560 at $4.65; to Ratt-
kowsky 3 butchers av 577 at $4; to Kam—
man B. Co. 2 steers av 775 at $5.50; to
Sullivan P. Co. 3 cows av 923 at $3.50, 1
do weighing 850 at $2.75, 1 bull weighing
1,600 at $5; to Thompson Bros. 9 cows
av 1,075 at $4.25, 1 bull weighing 750 at
$4; to Mich. B. CO. 5 butchers av 716 at
$5, 21 do av 985 at $5.55; to B. S. & Co.
3 cows av 840 at $3.50.

Haley & M. sold Sullivan P. Co. 2 cow
and bull av 1,160 at $4.60, 2 heifers av
750 at $5, 1 do weighing 750 at $5, 1 cow
weighing 870 at $2.50, 1 bull weighing
1,660 at $4.75; to Kamman 1 cow weigh—
ing 1,000 at $3.85; to Breitenbeck 6 steers
av 995 at $5.75, 2 do av 700 at $5.50, 13
butchers av 731 at $5.55; to Kamman B.
Co. 11 d0 av 577 at $4.55; to Lachalt 8
do av 893 at $5.45; to Applebaum 5 do av
880 at $4.70; to Bresnahan'4 cows av 832
at $3.60, 3 bulls av 420 at $4: to LaRoe 8
steers av 891 at $5.40, 1 bull weighing
1,000 at $4.50; to Schlischer 2 steers av
695 at $5.20; to B. S. & Co. 2 stockei's av
615 at $4.75.

Groff sold LaBoe 3 bulls av 1,000 at
$4.75.

Lowenstein sold Sullivan P. Co. 1 bull
weighing 1,520 at $4.50, 2 do av 1,335 at
$4.85, 2 cows av 1,150 at $3.60.

Runnels sold same 1 bull weighing 2,050
at $4.75.

Henderson sold Lingeman 8 steers av
1,025 at $5.75.

Robb sold Hammond. S. & Co. 4 heifers
av 735 at $4.50, 2 cows av 985 at $4, 1 do
weighing 1,190 at $4.75.

Groff sold Sclilischer 12 steers av 1.104
at $5.75.

Lowenstein sold Gerish 10 steers av
1,060 at $5.75, 11 do av 1,140 at $5.75.

Belheimer sold Mich. B. Co. 3 cows av
1,013 at $4.25, 1 do weighing 950 at $3.25,

Johnson sold Fry 3 heifers av 770 at
5.35.
$ Same sold Parker, TV. & Co. 3 bulls av

1,007 at $4.35.
Venus sold Bresnahan 4 cows av 1,015

1911.

at 4. .
K$endall sold same 6 av 961 at $3.75, 2
av 885 at $2.75. .
Sandall sold Newton B. Co. 3 steers av
1,080 at $5.50, 1 cow weighinglilso at $4.50.;

THE MICHIGAN FAR‘MER.

veal Calves.

Receipts, 1,342. Market steady at last
Thursday’s prices. Best, $6.75@7.25; oth-
ers, $4@6.50; milch cows and springers
$56910 per head lower.

Haley & M. sold Mich. B. Co. 1 weigh-
ing 230 at $6, 22 av 155 at $7; to Parker,
\V & Co. 14 av 145 at $7, 28 av 1.40 at
$6.25; to Rattkowsky 13 av 150 at $7, 3
av 208 at $4. 15 av 135 at $6.50; to Me-
Guire 13 av 150 at $7.25.

Rce Ccm. Co sold Sullivan 1". Co. 5 av
145 at $7, 11 av 135 at $5.50; to Rattkow-
sky 3 av 130 at $6, 28 av 150 at $7, 5 av
145 at $7, 3 av 140 at $‘L50; to Mich. B.
Co. 11 av 150 at $7, 7 av 135 at $5.50.

Spicer 8.: R. sold Applebaum 14 av 150
at $7; to Reason 22 av 140 at $6.75, 7 av
140 at $6.75, 3 av 165 at $5.15; to Freed-
man 23 av 140 at $6.80; to Goose 5 av 180
at $4, 33 av 145 at $6.50; to Sullivan P.
Co. 1 weighing 180 at $5.50, 8 av 150 at
$7.25: to Broodloi’f 5 av 150 at $7; to
Parker, W. & Co. 28 av 135 at $6.50; to
Mich. B. Co. 11 av 140 at $7, 12 av 150
at $7; to Sullivan P. Co. 13 av 135 at $5;
to Nowshsky 8 av 130 at $5.50.

Bishop, B. & H. sold Sullivan P. Co. 10
av 168 at $7.25; to Parker, W. & Co. 12
av 145 at $7, 24 av 150 at $7.25, 5 av
140 at $7, 62 av 135 at $6.25; to Burnstine
14 av 145 at $7.25; to Thompson Bros. 18
av 135 at $7.10, 10 av 153 at $7, 4 av 155
at $7.25, 2 av 120 at $6.

Kendall & S. sold Sullivan P. Co. 25 av
150 at $7, 10 av 166 at $7.25, 1 weighing
270 at $5.50.

Johnson sold same 5 av 165 at $6.50.

Lachlin sold Newton B. Co. 3 av 120
at $5, 18 av 145 at $6.25.

Sandal] 8; T. sold same 6 av 105 at
$5.50, 19 av 135 at $7.10.

Belheimer sold Burnstine 14 av 150
at $7.10.

Sheep and Lambs.

Receipts, 1,551. Market steady at last
‘Thursday’s prices; c’ommon grassy grades
dull. Best lambs, $7; fair to good lambs,
$66. 6.75; light to common lambs, $4@i.50;
spring lambs, $7@8; fair to good sheep,
$3.50@4.25; culls and common, $2.50@3.

Spicer & R. sold Mich. B. Co. 4 sheep
av 106 at $4.25, 3 do av 100 at $4, 14 year-
lings av 110 at $4.40; to Sullivan P. (.‘o.
25 lambs av 73 at $6, 72 do av 64 at $5.30,
12 do av 75 at $5.50; to Mich. B. Co. 31
sheep av 95 at $4.35.

Haley & M. sold Mich. B. Co. 13 sheep
av 120 at $1, 5 spring lambs av 50 at
$6.75, 3 sheep av 92 at $3.75.

Roe Com. Co. sold Sullivan P. Co. 7
spring lambs av 55 at $8, 6 lambs av 85
at $5.25, 42 do av 65 at $6.50, 4 sheep av
130 at $3, 9 lambs av 72 at $4.50, 2 sheep
av 120 at $3.50.

Lachlin sold Newton B. Co. 59 lambs
av 73 at $5.

Johnson sold Sullivan 1’.
av 80 at $4.50.

Same sold Mich. B. Co. 5 sheep av 155
at $3.75.

Co. 6 lambs

Kendall & C. sold Bray 30 lambs av
60 at $1.75. _
Bishop, B. & H. sold Newton B. Co.

9 lambs av 75 at $6, 2 do av 80 at $6, 16
spring lambs av 65 at $8; to Parker, “7.
& Co. 19 sheep av 70 at $4, 9 lambs av 73
at $5; to Hammond, S. & Co. 36 do av
68 at $6, 68 do av 80 at $7, 52 do av 73 at
$6.75; to Fitzpatrick Bros. 6 spring lambs
av 60 at $7.50, 37 sheep av 80 at $3.25, 28
do av 90 at $3.50, 13 do av 85 at $3.25, 20
do av 76 at $3.25, 11 do av 105 at $3.25, 7
spring lambs av 55 at $7.50.
Hogs

Receipts, 5,335. Packers bidding 5@10c

lower than last Thursday; none sold up
to noon.

Range of prices: Light to good butch-
ers, $6@6.05; light yorkers, $6; heavy,
$5.75@5.90.

Bishop, B. & H. sold Parker, W. & Co.
2,825 av 180 at $6.05, 415 av 175 at $6.
tSiggidry shippers sold same 460 av 175
a .

Roe Com. Co. sold Sullivan P. Co. 950
av 190 at $6.05.

Spaindry shippers sold same 75 av 185 at

Haley & M. sold Hammond, S. & Co.
360 a_v 1.80 at $6.05, 280 av 170 at $6.
_Spicer & R. sold same 610 av 180 at
$6.05, 275 av 165 at $6.

Sundry shippers sold same 380 av 180
at $6.05.

Friday’s Market.
May 26, 1911.

1,083;
steady at

Cattle.
Receipts this week,
869. Market
prices. ..
\i'e quote: Extra" dry-fed steers and
heifers, $6; steers and heifers, 1,000 to
1,200, $5.65@5.90; do., 800 to 1,000, $5.25@
5.60; grass steers and heifers that are fat,
800 to 1,000. $5635.25; do., 500 to 700, $4.60
((05.25; choice fat cows, $4.50@4.75; good
fat cows, $4.25@4.50; common cows, $3.60
«113.75; canners, $2.50@3.25; choice heavy
bulls, $4.50; fair to good bologna bulls
$4604.25; stock bulls, $3.50@4.25; choice
feeding steers, 800 to 1,000, $5625.25 fair
feeding steers, 800 to 1,000, 34.5052475-
choice stockers, 500 to 700, $4.50@4.75I
fair stockei's, 500 to 700, $4.25@4.50; stock
heifers, $3.50@i4£25; milkers, large, young
medium age, .40@60; comm '
$25®35 on milkers,

last week,
Thursday's

1" i t th Veal Calves.

.eceps is week, 1,707; 1

1,643. Market 25c lower than gisit TEES:

day's opening.

@650. Milch cows and springers steady.‘
Sheep and Lambs.

Receipts this week, 2,862; last week,
2,846. Market dull at Thursday’s close;
grass sheep and lambs very dull and hard
to sell. Best lambs, $7; fair to good do...
$6.25@6.75; light to common lambs, $4.50‘

 

((1)5; spring lambs, $7@8; fair to good;
saggy}, $3.75@4.25; culls and common, $3-
9 . o.

. Hogs.
Receipts this week, 7,650; last week,

6,640. Market 5@lOc higher than on
Thursday. Range of prices: Light to
good butchers, $6.10@6.15; pigs, $6.106!)

6.15; light yorkers,
$5.85@.6,. . ,

l .

$6.10@6.15; heavy.

Pest, $6.75@7: others, $4“

   
  
   
  
  

 

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a handsome 32-page booklet containing dozens
of photographs of fruit and vcg‘table farms in
our Vicinity and containing all the iiiforiiiiilion
you wish concerning this favored region. it also
contains hundreds of letters from men from
every part of the i'nited States who have pur-
chased farms here from us and who are more cu-
thusiastic iii_their praise of our land than we are.
I will send it to you free of charge if you will
write for it today. Don't delay, but send your
name and address today.

WILLIS R. MUNGER, President, Munger Land
Company, 511 Francis St.. St. Joseph, Mo.

FARMS lllll FARM [Mills—
rnn SALE llli Excuiusis

i sni. FARMS scream: 52.133
Poultry. Write for list. J. S. HANSON. Hart. Mich.
—W h i d’ ‘ . ' '
FARMS WANTED pa? (wgmemihi‘igtngiu$211331}:
cribing property, naming lowest. price. We help buy-

erslocate desirable pro erty FREE. American Invest.
mont Association. 3 Pa ace Bldg. Minneapolis. Minn-

 

 

 

 

 

FARMS Hill HUMESEEKEHS, “3253223113217 02353}:
' ,f U, :z'” .i" i ‘
i?n%ki5§.”i..”ii7‘<kifiiliif‘ i..'§.'v'rr.’i‘v'.“ii_ 7978556335. h???

Cash For Your Form or Business. mg

and seller together, no matter where located. If you
want to buy or sell, address FRANK P. CLEVE-
LAND. 948 Adams Express Building, Chicago. Ill.

when you can buy
the Best Land in
Michigan at from
$1) to $10 an acre

near Saginaw and lid)" City. “'rite for ma and i.- r-
ticuliirs. Clear title and (may terms. Stnflr‘hl‘d B111);
)owncrsl 15 Merrill Bldg , Saginaw, l". S. Michigan:

 

(SO-Acre Fruit, and General Purpose Farm.
$5,000. $1,200 Net Income Last Season.

A golden opportunity to purchase it end Mic. ' -
fruit farm opt, a sacrifice, 1 acre of riisxizbei‘ries 11125123
last year $115: excellent orchard: 100 apple; 300 pear-
.i0 plum; 12 cherry, and peach trees, besides 85L”
grape Vines. 6 acres of raspberries, 3 acres of black-
berries. 2 acres of strawberries; 2-story lO-room house;
burn 40x60. other outbuildings inexcellenl’i condition.
splendidwater, tine shade. only one mile to electric
canstntionnrailroad station. and good market; con-
venient drivmg'distance to Grand Haven. where fruit
shipped in evening, arrives zit Chicago or Milwaukee
the next morning. Full traveling directions to see
this rare bargain and many other Michigan farms
i igje 6t. Chitcago Edfition. gttrout's f‘illl‘m Catalogue No:
. ' us on ., copy roe. i zition 0 , E. A. " ‘ T ‘
Old Colony Building, Chicago, Illinois. b1 ROU'

 

SCIENTIFIC R U PTUR E :CU R E

Don‘t War I Common 'l'rlu or
pliuce Dr. Applcy’a Scientific Ip-
pl mono -- mouble pod- conform to
every kind of rupture, no matter how
Devon. No under Itnpc, spring: or
other annoying futures. Worn with
some comfort on an old pair of chaos.
Call It omen or write for booklet.
attendant for women and children.
APPLEY TRUSS CO.
51-63 Purl BL, Grand Rapids, Michigan

 

IMPROVED FARMS IN
SOUTHERN MINNESOTA.

In Blue Earth County, Brown County. and Lyon
County are the best farms you can buy for the money
anywhere. A few hours ride from St. Paul and Minne-
apolis, and a night's ride to Chicago. Settled com-
munity. goodschools, plenty of rainfall, good markets.
sell the best. This land is better than they are
sellingfor double the price in older States. We
can satisfy you. Wri us.

OUTHWESTERN LAND COMPA NY,
126‘Jaokson St., Mankiito, Blue Earth County. Minn,
-Mnmehall, Lyon-00.; Minn: “Live Agents-Wanted.'-'

 

 


608 , as)

   

 

E THE DAIRL

“WA-AAA.“
CONDUCTED BY COLON C. LlLLIE.

 

 

HOW TO STRENGTHEN A LATH AND
' PLASTERED SILO.

.—

I would like to know if I should put
2x4’s closer than 16 in. for a lath and
plastered silo, to make it strong enough?
Will the lath and siding be enough on the
side the doors are on by leaving 2 ft. be-
tween the doors? If not, how can 1
make it strong enough? Are common
lath strong enough or should I get them
cut thicker? I want this 5110 for 18 or 20
head of stock. \Vould like to have enough
ensilage left to feed for a couple of
months in the dry season. \Vhat size
should I build and what would be its
capacity? How many yards of sand, also
how many barrels of cement will it re-
quire? About what material ought I to
get for staging? I want to build this silo
six or eight feet from barn, in front of
feed room door, then build a cover over
the doors. \Vill it be necessary to make
doors to, or about to, where the ensilage
will be after settling? How can I attach
the ladder the best way? \Vould three
guy wires be sufficient, how heavy should
:hey be, and how best attached?

Gladwin Co. .I. E. W.

Of course, if the studding were placed
closer together than 16 inches it would
strengthen the silo. The closer together
you get the studding and the stronger
the studding are the more strength there
would be to the silo. But it would be
much cheaper to add strength to the silo
by means of wire hoops than it would be
to increase the number of the studding. If
you will fasten a No. 9 wire around the
studding just above the first door of the
silo then draw the wire tight around the
silo twice and fasten it to the same stud-
ding, this will make a hoop that will not
interfere with the boarding on the out-
side and it will give all the strength
necesary to the silo. Then you can go
higher, to the top of the next door, and
put on more wire, and so on the entire
height of the silo. in this way you will
put on wire hoops which will strengthen
your silo so that there is no question
about its standing the pressure of the

 

THE MICHIGAN FARMER.

You have the right idea in building the
silo six or eight feet from the barn.
Do not get it too close tot-he barn. Then,
on the ground connect the silo to the barn
with a small building. Have'this .build-
ing about six feet wide. and seven feet
high, and have a good roof on this, and
this building will open directly into the
stables. Now from the top of this con-
necting building , start your ensilage
chute. Make it three feet wide and two
feet deep, and I would run it to th’e,top
of the silo. On one side of this chute
make your ladder for ascending into the
silo. You climb up on the ladder on the
side of the chute and enter the silo at the
door. Then your ladder doesn’t interfere
with throwing down the ensilage. Have
one or two windows in this chute so that
it will be light and have a window on
either side of your connecting room. 2y
having the chute extend to the entire
height of the silo you can climb out of
the top of the chute onto the top of the
silo. By all means build a flat roof on
the top of the silo, as has been described
in the Michigan Former a number of
times. \Yhen you fill the silo somebody
has to go on top to adjust the blower
pipe and also to adjust the distributing
apparatus which you use to distribute
the ensilage in the silo. Now, if you have
your chute extend clear to the top the
ladder on one side, there is no danger of
falling and no one gets dizzy, or any-
thing of that sort. You can simply climb
out on the flat roof of the silo and every-

 

thing is safe and everything is per-
manent.
WILL IT PAY TO BE A MEMBER OF

A COW-TESTING ASSOCIATION?

 

\Yould it be a good investment to join
a cow-testing association which would
cost about $1.10 per cow per year. Or
could I get me a tester and do the work
myself, and would it be just as satisfac—
tory all around? In other words, _what
would be the advantage, if any, inasmuch
as I have some pure-bred Jerseys and

desire to improve my herd as fast as
possible?
Kent Co. SUBSCRIBE-n,

In my judgment there is nothing that

 

VVPS mind is whether he can afford to
pay $1.10 per cow per year for doing this
or whether he better attempt to do it
himself. It is perfectly feasible for the
farmer to do this work himself if he
will. But he won’t. He will neglect it
when he gets busy in hay and harvesting.
Hewill put it. off from time to time and
at the end of the year he won’t know
anymore about what his cows have been
doing‘ than he did before, simply because
he hasn’t been accurate and careful and
systematic in the testing. That is the
great trouble With the farmer doing it
himself. If a man has a large herd and
could get the herdsman to do this, do it
systematically, he perhaps can get as
careful results as he could from a. cow-
testing association.

A NEW DAIRY BUILDING FOR THE
‘STATE FAIR.

lVork was started last week on the
new $40,000 dairy building at the Mich-
igan State Fair grounds and the building
will be ready for occupancy this fall.
The new structure will be of stone and
stet‘. and both a useful and highly orna-
mental addition to the grounds and
group of permanent buildings already
constructed.

The. dairy building will occupy a space
on the hew addition to the grounds be-
tween the immense automobiie building
erected last year and the band stand.
The structure will be 200 by 90 feet, with
a dome of concrete, and lighted from
windows above as well as those along
the sides.

The interior will be divided and one
section will be a lecture hall which will
seat 800, and will permit of'demonstra-
tions by college and dairy experts on the
proper care and treatment of milk for
all purposes. This feature is expected to
prove'a great attraction to the farmers.
as it will show them how to make the
most money possible out of their dairies.

In one end of the building will be a
model stable and 20 cows will be kept
there. The milking will be done by ma-

 

 

   

"? QTY-QT: /\’.i'v . /

 

 

Handsome New $40,000 Dairy Building Being Erected a

silage and you will do it very much
cheaper than it would be to add extra
studding to give strength. Your hoops

are all out of sight. No one knows you
have used any hoops.

If you wish to carry 20 head of cattle
on your farm and want silage for them
during the winter and also during the
usual summer drought, 'I Would advise
building a silo 12 or 14 feet in diameter
and about ~10 feet high. Possibly a silo
122 feet in diameter and 40 feet high would
be amply suiilcicnt to give you all the en—
silage you need, but. it is a pretty good
plan to have a little extra room, a little
extra capacity, more than you really
think you will need. And where you keep
as many as 20 head of cattle it would be
perfectly practical to have a silo 14 feet
in diameter and 40 feet high. This will
furnish you all the silage that you need.
Your 20 head of cattle will consume in
the neighborhood of 10 tons of corn silage
a month and a 12—foot silo 40 feet high
will hold about 100 tons. This would give
you silage for 10 months of the year. The
probability is that in a few years you
will want to keep more than 20 head of
cattle. Then you will wish you had built
your silo just a little bit larger, and two
feet more in diameter will add very much
to its capacity.

«:9, ..

 

a dairyman could do that would pay him
better than to be a member of a cow—
testing association if this association is
properly managed and the right kind of
a man does the testing. The cow-testing
association puts dairying on a business

basis. It enables one to know just ex—
actly what each cow is doing. Every
month the tester gives each patron a

statement showing just What it cost to
feed each cow in his herd for the previous
month and just how much butter—fat she
and its value at the market
knows ex-

produced,

price. Consequently a. man

actly what he is doing. If he has a cow
that isn’t paying he knows it. At the
end of the year the cow tester gives a
general summary, stating the cost of
keeping his cows for a year and the

amount of money the farmer received for
the butter-fat produced. It isn’t well
always to condemn a cow on one month’s
work; possibly not on one year’s work.
But you can certainly get an idea by the
amount of work which a cow does in one
year whether she is going to be a val-
uable dairy animal or not. If a cow
hasn’t the capacity to make herself prof-
itable what is the business, then, of
keeping her in the herd? The sooner she
is disposed of, the better.

I anticipate that the question in J. C.

t State Fair Grounds.

 

 

chines,
cream

and separators will remove the
There will be

from the Hui?
illi]!ill‘iitl.‘, and the equip-

pasteurizing

ment will be modern and approved by au-
thorities. The floor of the, building will
be of concrete, and it will be made at-
tra<tivc inside as well as on the ex-
terior.

MAMMITIS—GARGET—INFLAMMA-
TION OF UDDER.

 

Maminitis consists of inflammation of
the mammary gland and very often it is
designated by the term “(faked bag or
garget." “'hcn the milk secretion is
changed and becomes stringy it is com—
monly named garget. Mammitis occurs
in two forms; in mild cases the super—
ficial structures of the gland are affected,
but when the inner and deep-seated
structures are involved the case is much
more serious. In some cases only one
quarter may be inflamed, in other cases
two, while in some cases all four quar-
ters are diseased.
Causes.

There are many causes which seem to
bring about an inflammation of part, or
the whole udder, indigestion may bring
it on, infection through teat opening, or

 

 

 

1
JUNE 3, 1911. 7

  
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
   
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
      
 

YOU ASK US . ‘
For a

SHARPLES

Tubular Cream Separator
FREE

The Tubular Will be Delivered

At Your Home, Free. Set U
And Started For You. Left wi .
You For Free Trial at One

Cent of Expense to You For
Frei' hi: or Anything Else. You
Pay othing in Advance. Take
No Trouble or Responsibility.

, Tubulars produce twice the skin:-
. ming iorce‘ oi’othei'sp . Free trial
. roves, Tubulars ; skim
- aster and Met: as clean.
. Dang Tub‘ulars contain
1n0‘ isks or'other con-
traptions. Eree trIal
proves that rightly made
dairy separators don't
nee them“ Tubulars
wear a lifetime. Guar-
_, anteed .forever .
W byAmenca’sold-
est and world’s biggest sep-
arator concern.

You can own and use The
World's Best for less than
any other. Then how can
you afford to miss thIs free
trial or nsk an thmg on any

"maiior er" or other
(so called) cheap ma-
chine that lasts one
year on the average?

Other separators taken in
part pay-
ment to r
new Tubu-
lars. Write
for free trial
and cata-

logue 152
THE SHARPLES SEPAR TOR C0-
. WEST CHESTER, PA.
Chicago, 11]., San Francisco, 031., Portland, 0N1
Toronto, Can. Winnipeg, Can.

 

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
   
     
  
  
 
  

AMERICAN _

SEPARATOR

This Offer Is No Catch!

It. Is a. solid, fair and
square pro sition to
furnish a. bran new, well
made and well finished
cream separator com lete,
subject to a long tria. and
In ly guaranteed, for
$15.95. t skims one
quart of milk pe
minute, warm_ or cold'
makes heavy or light cream
and does it just as well a ,
any higher priced machine.
dairies, hotels, restaurants and private ;
families. DIffeI-ent from _thlS picture. which 1
illustrates our large capaCIty machines. An {
boy or girl can run. it. The crank is onl
inches long. Just think of that! The bow is
a sanitary marvel, easily cleaned, and em-
bodies all our latest improvements. Gears run
in anti-friction bearings and are thoroughly
protected. Before you- decide on 3,9rea'm
separator of any capacity whatever, obtain our“
$15.95 proposition. Our own (the manufac-,
turer’s) tWen_ty-year guarantee protects you. on
every American Separator. _We_ ship Im-
mediately. Whether your dairy is large or
small, write us and obtain our handsome free I

catalo . Address,
AME CAN SEPARATOR CO. aimit’isii'mxu

INDIANA SILOS

Now in use ovorywhoro. Any user
will tell you why Indiana Silos or.
the “boot and choopoot." Let us
send you the Froo book that oolvoo
tho high priced food uootion—
“SILO PROFITS." Our actories
are located at Anderson, Ind., Des
Moines, Iowa, and Kansas City.]
Mo. Writo for Silo Catalog Tod-y.i

.IIDIAIM SILO 00M?!" i
382 LUnion Building.’ Antietam. {ml}

 

 

“W. a M...

..

c; i

DeSIgned for ma '

 

 

 

 

There are many superior .
features in the

NAPPANEE

SILO

Let us tell you about
them.
noun“: AGENTS WANTED.
THE NAPPANEE
.: LBR. & MFG. CO.

Nappanee, - Indiana.

CREAM'

SWEET OR SOUR.
We can use all you have.
For ohurnln urposes.
Shi to us. a pay highest market. price.
Can on ever flhl meat.
Reference— irst otlonal Bank of Detroit.

MEDIIM COUNTY GREAIEBY ' 60.

74 Wool Congress 81.. Dotron. Mloh. "

 

 

 

 

 

V

 


 

W» .m1 sea.“

 

   

"’44. -..

, .. .
. .1; .

-. , ...

JUNE 3, 1911-.

MACKSEPARA ran

 

 
   

 

SEND N0 MONEY
30 Days Trial

_ You waste money

you pay a cent
more than our price
for 3 Cream Separa-
tor. You can’t si-
iord to buy from
anyone at any price
until you have sent
iitpostalk _card orf a
e er as mg us or
Sn” Call our special Cream
Separator offer. We save on half of agents’
pnees—we‘allow. you 30 ays trial on your
own farm-you needn’t send us a cent in ad-
vance. if you prefer not to. ..

THE MACY IS THE BEST AND
YOU CAN PROVE IT

We will send you a machine on trial so you can and
out howgod it is. No Separator costs more to manu-
facture n the Macy. yet our price is half the price
uked byA ts. Easiest cleaned machine because its
skimming evioe is aluminum. Frictionless lvot ball
bearings make it easiest running. Guam forever.
Five sizes; five popular iacinry-lotarm prices. Cut
out the midd eman's profit-«keep this money
in yourown pocket. watch-dayiowourspedslinuo-
ductory offer.

. R. H. MACY 8: CO.
800 Macy Building, . New York

Don’t Put Clean
Milk Into Dirty
Cans

It doesn’t pay. Get
cans that are easy to
clean and easy to keep
clean. Th 3 t ’ s the
Sturges. Every inside
seam sol ered as
smooth as glass—no
cracks. crevices or
corners for milk or
dirt to lodge. People
call it the

Sanitary
. 'lges.

but it's .aléol be strong-
est .milk can on the
market. Made of A1
quality steel plate.
tinned and retinned in our own shops. Seam-
less neck, sanitary cover and one-piece round
handles are other features. See your dealer
about Sturges milk cans or write postal now
for free book that tells all about milk cans and
proves that Sturges means the best milk can in-
vestment you, can make. Ask for free book 46
and write now.

Sturges 8: Burn Mig., Company
508 South Green St. Chicago, Ill.

 

 

 

 

   

 

. REQUIRED WITH ORDER

We would sooner convince the buyer shes
his money was well invested before asking
him to give it up.We only ask you to give our
goods s chance to sell themselves. They srs
msdo so good they prove themselves s good
investment without the aid of sslesm en.

Ros SILOFILLING

MACHINERY

is not sn experiment.“ is backed by Cl years'
experience-more experience than any other
mschinery of its kind that is made. It is
known in almost every dairy and intensive
farming district in the U. 8., and outside of
mschines themselves, their owners are their
best sdvertisements—our best salesmen.

Our urge cstslog tells s most interesting story

shout Insilsgs Cutting and Silo Filling meshin-

017. It In (no. Writs for it.

We siso msnufscture the Ross Silo

E. W. R038 60.30: 14 Springfield Ohio

 

 

   
  

”fl , , -7 _ Drills £~Seeders
oU-dwflgtcbé Are the Leaders
THERE ARE MANY REASONS WHY
DOWAGIAC MANUFACTURING C0. DowmmcMecn.

       

 

 

through choking of blood circulation. Ex-
posure to extreme cold, sudden altera-
tions of temperature, such as hot days
and cold nights, injuries of many kinds,
such as kicks, blows, stepping on udder,
striking udder against rails when stepping
over fences, or over door sills, or out of
ditches, or traveling when udder is very
full, or udder coming in contact with
poisonous plants, irregular milking, or
failing to milk cows clean, or punctures
from nails or thorns, or wounds or want
of sufficient bedding. Some bad cases
follow the improper use of dirty knitting
needles and milking tubes.

Symptoms.

In mild cases there are few symptoms
other than those found in udder, but in
severe cases a. chill followed by fever
and dullness will be noticed. Very often
the animal shows some lameness in hind
leg next to side affected, but if the whole
udder is affected stiffness in hind quar-
ters will be noticed. Lameness may not
be present. The secretion of milk is al-
ways impaired and generally most so in
severe cases. The temperature is some-
what elevated, nose dry and breathing
quickened. The udder is swollen. tender
and inflamed. The appetite is impaired,
tne animal is thirsty, bowels costive,
urine high colored» and passed in small
quantities. Thick, clotted. stringy milk
tinged with blood is passed. If the in-
flammation does not subside suppuration
of the gland may take place and result
in loss of one or more quarters of bag.
The character of milk drawn gives one a
fair idea. of the condition of the udder.
When pus comes from all four quarters
and the gland is sloughing much, the case
snould be viewed with suspicion and a
doubtful prognosis given, for the animal
might die.

Treatment.

In the treatment of this ailment it is
well to keep in mind that there are many
causes and if you know what has brought
on the attack, remove it and other rem-
edies will do better work. Treatment
should in all cases he prompt and ener-
getic, for, if the case is neglected a chre
is difficult to effect. The most important
thing to do is to suspend the udder and
apply bran or spent hops between ban-
dage and udder, keeping them constantly
wet with hot water. The treatment
should, of course, be both local and con-
stitutional; if fleshy and feverish give
Epsom salts daily in one pound doses
until the bowels move freely, also give
less milk-making food. Apply extract of
phytolacca. to inflamed udder twice daily
and give cow one ounce doses of fluid
extract of phytolacca. three times a day
and it will act better than most remedies
for mammitis. I have also obtained good
results by applying one part turpentine
and five parts camphorated oil, or apply
equal parts extract witch hazel, alcohol,
fluid extract belladonna. and soap lini-
ment. If you are sure the udder has been
infected through teat, inject one part
septlco and 100 parts water twice a day.
To do this you should have a. return flow
syringe and use great cleanliness. When
pus forms open udder freely and apply
one part carbolic acid and 0 parts water
twice daily. In 'treaiing these cases you
will often find it necessary to wash out
udder with water that has been boiled.
the thick milk cannot be gotten out any
other way. Remember that suppuration
of the udder does not always completely
destroy the function of the part and when
you open quarter it can often be done
low down near upper part of teat and
drain quarter nicely. Iodine ointment is
one of the most useful remedies to soften
and absorb an indurated udder; also, giv-
ing iodide of potassium in one or two
dram doses two or three times a. day
helps to clear a diseased cow’s udder. If
a portion of udder becomes gangrenous
it should be cut off at once. In simple
cases a dose of epsom salts, a few doses
of nitrate of potash, hot fomentations to
udder and less hearty food will soon
effect a cure.

W. C. FAIR, V. S.

, THE MICHIGAN FARMER.

   
  
  
  

 
  
  
      
   
   
 
 
 

 

  
 
  

 

This Is Why!

Putting the matter as briefly as possible, the reasons for the
absolute superiority of the

United Slates Cream Separator

over all other Separators, are as follows:

The United States Separator employs a. device for deliver-
ing the incoming whole milk back of the cream wall, thus pre-
venting any possible remixing of the cream with the skimmilk.
This device is patented by us, and can be used on no other
Cream Separator,

The United States Separator employs a. skimming device
which by reason of its non—aligned channels, subjects. the Whole
milk to a higher degree of centrifugal stress than any other
skimming device. This, also, is our patent; it can be used on
no other Cream Separator.

The United States Separator. by reason
of its highly efficient skimming device, can be
thoroughly washed and made sanitary
(as the records ShOW) in 10 seconds. Because
the same principle is used in washing as in
skimming.

The United States Separator is built
to last a generation; and it does. Sixteen,
seventeen and eighteen years of perfect work,
is the record it has made.

 
 
 
 
 
 

    

   

 
 
 

The United States Separator, by reason
of its modern and skillful construction, is now
the easiest running Separator built.

Vermont Farm Machine 00., Bellows Falls, Vt.

 

 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
  
 

  

 

"Biggest Money Maker
a Farmer Can Have!"

These are the very words a farmer used when he wrote us about his good old-re-
liable Saginaw Silo. He adds: “It I was a farmer owning only 20 stereo.
even if I had to borrow the money. I would have a_Saginaw Silo.
This is what your neighbors are saying. Don't you think you bud better in-
vestigate? Write us and we wxll reply to you ersonclly. Free Book.
"T 9 Modern Way of Ssvin Money on the arm," pictures and de-
scribes the famous Saginaw ilo port by art. Built to give perfect
service for a lifetime. You can't or 0rd to take chances with
a poor silo. Sn lnnw All-Steel Door Frame prevents bulging or col-
lapsing. We hol the patents. No one else allowed to use it, Anysilo
door frame described as “ka9 the Saginaw" is only a lame imitation.

FARMERS HANDY WAGON CO.
. . Saginaw—Des Molnes—Mlnneapolls
0 makes and sells the famous Saginaw Silo direct from the fac-
‘ tory only. We give you the benefit of our personal service
, not only when you buy a silo. but at any time afterward.

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.610 <18)
‘VW

FARMERS’ (11mg;i

 

 

 

 

OFFICERS OF THE STATE ASSOCIA-
TION OF FARMERS’ CLUBS.

President—B. A. Holden, Wixom.

Vice-Pres, .l. D, Leland, Corunna.

Secretary~Mrs. C. P. Johnson, Meta-
mora.

Treasurer—Mrs. Lewis Sackett, Eckford.

Directors—A. R. Palmer, Jackson; Wm.
H. Marks, Fair Haven; C. L. Wright,
Caro; E. W. Woodruff, Blanchard; C. P.
Johnson, Metamora; Patrick Hankerd,
Munith.

Address all communications relative to
the organization of new Clubs to Mrs. C.
P. Johnson, Metamora, Mich.

 

Aoooclational Motto.—
The skillful hand, with cultured mind,
is the farmer’s most valuable asset.

 

Asooclational Sentiment.—
The farmer, he garners from the soil
the primal wealth of nations.

SUMMER RECREATIONS.

 

In the past there has been in our neigh-
borhood a great need of recreation for
the farmers and their families, but with—
in the last year the question seems to
have been solved in a very satisfactory
manner for this community and I feel
that others need to know about it.

The long felt want has been supplied
by the monthly meetings of the Farmers’
Club, organized last February, also the
annual school meeting has been made the
occasion of a pleasant neighborhood gath—
ering in July.

This latter may be an entirely new
idea to many, so I will tell you how it
came about.

Some of the mothers of the district be-
came dissatisfied with conditions in the
school and resolved to attend the school
meeting and try to induce all voters to be
present. Finally it was suggested that
ice cream and cake might be an attrac-
tion, and three'families agreed to take
ice cream and ask their neighbors to
bring cake. The result was astounding.
Nearly sixty people present, and of those
thirty-seven were voters!

The previous meeting saw ten voters
and two years before only three in at-
tendance, and so it had been for years.
The results in improved conditions and
social feeling were so satisfactory that
it was unanimously agreed to make it an
annual affair.

I wish this article might be the means

of awakening other school districts to the
importance of attending the annual school
meeting. If the children and young peo-
ple are encouraged to attend they may
learn how a, business meeting is con-
ducted, the proper qualifications of voters,
and realize more fully the interest of the
parents in their education.

The meetings of our Farmers’ Club, the
second Saturday in each month, have
been so few in number that one can
scarcely foresee all the benefits, but the
plan is to meet as early in the afternon
as convenient and have a short business
meeting, after which comes the discus-
sion of some seasonable topic, in a very
informal way, then the lecturer’s pro-
gram, consisting of readings and recita-
tions, in a lighter vein, and last, but not
least, an early picnic supper together,
allowing the men to arrive home in time
to do the evening chores.

Many seem to think they can not leave
their work to atend these meetings but
many of the faithful come, even if de-
layed a little, and always feel repaid for
any lost time. In fact, we hope the whole
of (‘harlcston township will in time come
to feel that these meetings are a great
opportunity to gain information, inspira—
tion and recreation.

Kalamazoo (“0. Mus. L. .T. BRADLEY.

CLUB DISCUSSIONS.

Discuss Poultry Raising—The VVash-
ington Center Farmers' Club met at Ap-
ple Grove with Mr. and Mrs. John Keiser
on May 11 at 1:30 p. m. Owing to the
farmers b ng so busy, there were not
many present. The president and vice-
president being absent, Mr. C. A. Mat-
thews, of the Essex Club, was chosen
president pro tem. Reading of minutes
was accepted. l'nder the head of miscel-
laneous business the secretary read some
very important communications on the
cold storage question. The roll call, on
the order of current events, was well re—
sponded to. Question, “Dollars in chick—
ens and turkeys.” This question was
ably discussed. Some thought there was
money made in raising poultry, and oth—
ers thought there was not, as they were
so destructive to the growing crops. This
uestion was talked on by Mesdames
. ,athews, Long, Tobey, French and
Messers. Mathews and French. Mr. and

 

‘THE MICHIGAN FARMER.

Mrs. S. U. French favored the Club with
some good music.

Table Menus for the Busy Day.—De-
scribe a wholesome but simple table menu
for a busy day. One thought the garden
a great help on a busy day, while others
thought that fruit already' prepared, with
bread and butter would take the place of
pie and puddings on a busy day. This
question was thoroughly discussed. Mrs.
C. '\V. Curren gave a humorous select
reading, “The Little Husband.” Music
was again furnished by the Club.

House Cleaning.——The vacuum house-
cleaner, or the good old way, led by Mrs.
C. A. Mathews who preferred the vacuum
house cleaner. She said it made house~
cleaning much lighter. She also ex-
plained the vacuum cleaner and how to
use it. 'She described the patent dust
cloth and the soiled spot cleaner for car-
pets and clothing. The question box
brought out a lively discussion on the
“Problem of spraying fruit trees,” and
“How to get rid of the garden insects.
One said to plant lettuce seed among
squash, pumpkin and cucumber vines,
and they would not be bothered with
bugs. A three-course luncheon was
served. The next meeting will be held
at East View, with Nr. and Mrs. J. Kock-
ensparger, on June 8, at 1:30 p. m. The
meeting was closed with singing by the
Club—Mrs. Cora Keiser, Cor. Sec.

Question Box Feature of Meeting—The
Rives and East Tompkins Farmers’ Club
met at the home of Mr. Allen “Tood on
May 6. After a short business session
the following program was rendered:
Singing by the Club; dialogue, by four
little girls, followed ~by several musical
and literary numbers. After the ques-
tion box, the Club adjourned to meet
the second Saturday in June at the
Friendly Home in Jackson—Ina String—
ham, Sec.

Discuss Co-operation.—The monthly
meeting of the Thornapple Farmers’ Club
was held at the pleasant suburban home
of Dr. and Mrs. Amos Hanlon, Thursday
afternoon, May 4. That farmers are firm
believers in the old saying, “XVork, Be-
fore I’leasure,” was plainly evidenced
from the small attendance. About forty
members and guests were present and
enjoyed the excellent musical and literary
program. Much interest was shown in
the subject, “To what extent can the
farmer engage in co-operative buying and
selling?” At the close of the program a
short time was spent in visiting and ad-
miring the neatly kept grounds. Then
came the call to supper, and then home
again, with one more bright spot mark—
ing the 1911 calendar.

Agriculture in the Schools. At a recent
meeting of the Ingham County Farmers'
Club, Julius \V. Chapin, a teacher of ag-
riculture in the public school of North
Adams, was present and gave us an in-
teresting talk upon agricultural educa-
tion. The first college to teach agriculture
was founded in 1820, but‘,‘ being main-
tained by private gifts, did not live long.
Our own M. A. C. was the first college to
receive state aid, and through the efforts
of Prof. French, North Adams was one of
the first high schools in the state to make
agriculture part of the regular course. In
the tenth grade they study farm crops.
judge corn, make germination tests, study
soils, conservation of moisture, tile drain-
age. In the eleventh grade, live stock,
various breeds; ideal types, and why
thoroughbreds are better than scrubs. 1n
the twelfth grade, feeds and feeding, farm
management, landscape gardening. farm
barns, horticulture, propagation of the
strawberry, and home sanitation.

 

 

First Premium Grange Exhibit at Menominee 00. Fair of ism—Result of

 

vavvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv

; GRANGE

ELA‘A“AAAAA AAA AAA AA A A‘A’A‘

Our Motto—“The Farmer .15 of more
consequence than the farm, and should be
first improved.”

 

MAKING OVER THE LOCAL FAIRS.

 

The matter of increasing the educa-
tional value of county and local fairs
and of ridding these exhibitions of some
of their objectionable features has
claimed some attention from the Grange
and kindred organizations in recent years,
not only in Michigan but in other states.
In this state the Grange has heartily co-
operated with local fair associations
wherever a disposition to enlist the aid
of the Grange has been manifested, with
the result that a number of good county
and local fairs now count the co-opera-
tion of the Grange a valuable asset. The
exhibits put up by this organization are
strictly educational and, as a rule, more
complete and fully representative of the
products and industry of the section than
are those shown by individuals.

But the fair associations that are en-
listing the aid of the Grange or of other
local organizations in an effort to in—
crease the educational value and raise
the character of their annual exhibitions
are still greatly in the minority, and to
this fact is largely due the gradual de-
velopment of the Grange fair. Certain
it is that the practice of holding county
and even subordinate Grange exhibitions,
many of which may properly be dignified
by the name of fair, has taken a very
firm hold in some sections of this state.
These Grange fairs are, as a rule, made
purely educational and recreative in char-
acter, and hence are, in reality, ideal
events of their kind.

In this connection it is believed that
Oranges which have held fairs in sea-
sons past, as well as those which are
planning to conduct their first fair this
coming fall, will be interested in the
ideas of a prominent agricultural edu-
cator who has given the improvement or
reincarnation of local fairs considerable
study and thought. The educator re-
ferred to is none other than Dr. Liberty
H. Bailey, of New York state. Dr. Bailey
holds that despite the fact that the basis
of country life is changing rapidly, the
county and local fair has not changed its
general basis of operation. He admits
that many of such fairs are excellent and
worth to the people all that they cost in
effort and money, yet the method or sys-
tem is inadequate to present-day condi-
tions. His remedy is not to discontinue
them but to make them over.

In his state the legislature votes funds
to local fairs and he questions the pro-
priety of this, considering the manner in

JUNE 3, 1911.

which the majority of such fairs are con-
ducted. In his novel ,plan he advocates
the elimination of many of the present
features, among which he includes horse
trots, concessions and shows, displays of
ordinary store merchandise, the selling of
articles and commodities, all money pre-
miums, and even admission fees. Con—
cerning the constructive program which

‘he would follow in remodeling such fairs,

he says:

Having taken out the obstructions, un—
necessaries and excrescences,1would en-
ter on a constructive program. I should
then begin to make a fair. I assume
that the fact that a person lives in a
community, places on him responsibilities
for the welfare of that community. We
should make the county fair or local fair
one of the organized means of developing
this general welfare. Therefore, I should
assume that every citizen in the county,
by virtue of his citizenship, is a member
of the fair and owes to it an allegiance.

It would then devolve on the persons
who are organizing and operating the
work, representing the fair association,
to develop in him his sense of allegiance
and co-operation. I should not discour-
age any citizen from co—operating in the
enterprise, or allow him to escape his
natural responsibilities, because he felt
himself unable or unwilling to.pay an
admission fee, any more than I should
eliminate any person because of religion,
politics, color or sex.

Of course, it requires money to run
a fair. I should like to see the money
raised on the principle of “tag day.” I
should like to have it said to every resi-
dent in the county that he and his family
may come to the fair without money and
without price; but I should say to him
also that money is needed, and that all
those persons who wish to give a certain
sum would be provided with a. tag, which
would absolve them from further con-
tributions for the yearr and which would
admit them and family during the entire
fair. I suspect that more money could
be more easily raised in this way than
by means of gate receipts. I should have
this money collected by means of an or-
ganized effort through all the schools and
societies in the county, setting every one
of them at work on a definite thing.

Of course, the state or other, agency,
could conrtibute its quota of.,funds as
h eretofore. "

(Concluded next week).

COMING EVENTS.

 

 

 

 

Pomona Meetings.

Eaton Co., with Needmore Grange,
IVednesday, June 7.
Kent 00., with Thornapple Valley

Grange, Wednesday, June 7. State speak-
er, Mrs. E. J. Creyts.
Charlevoix Co. Grange Institute and

Lecturer’s Conference, with Marion Cen—
ter Grange, Friday and Saturday, .lune
State Deputy McClure, speaker.

9 and 10.

 

Co-operatlon of Fair with Pioneer Grange.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

”weaken...” 4 - ._. -

 

 

 

Jonas, 1911.

 

‘llORTlCULTUREi

VVVYVVYVVYYWVYYYYVYVYYV

 

 

AAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAALA A A A

 

‘ really good fruit is very great.

SUGGESTIONS ON SELLING THE
CROP.

 

The range of prices between poor and
A barrel
of poor fruit is slow sale at one-third the
figure that a barrel of fancy fruit will
bring very readily. I believe that where
fruit runs say, oneéthird very good ap-
ples and the balance medium to poor, it
is possible to discard two-thirds of the
poorest of this fruit and by packing the
best third carefully receive as much for
it as would have been received for the
whole lot packed together. Then the best
of the balance can be packed separately
and sold for nearly as much as though
both the best and the poorest had been
left in. The proper packing of fruit is
certainly quite a study, but the man who
studies to pack fruit dishonestly, to cover
up poor fruit with good, or mix in fruit
of inferior quality where it will not be
seen will sooner or later come to grief.
The grower who deals direct with the
consumer must pack honestly or lose his
trade, and if he is sending to a commis-
sion house it will not take them long to
find out how he packs his fruit and
whether they can recommend it to their
customers or not. If they can it will
soon command a premium of say, one
dollar a barrel; if they can not it will
be discounted as much or more. Can
we afford to take half price for our fruit
for the sake of working in the culls?
Last season we sold most of our fruit
direct to farmers in the corn belt where
there was very little fruit. The car was
shipped direct to the farmers’ co-opera-
tive elevator, and the farmer was notified

’ by the manager of the company when the

car arrived, and he came and got the
fruit he had previously ordered, of the
grade and variety wanted. This method
of dealing saves the grower the trouble
of shipping small orders and attending
to a large amount of correspondence, and
also saves him commission and dealers’
profits. It enables the consumer to order
his fruit at home, see it before paying
for it, and to know who grew it and
where to, get‘”more if it suits him or
whom 'to‘h‘véid if it does not. It also
gives him the advantage of carload rates,
and saves the retailer’s and perhaps the
wholesaler’s profits. This market seems
about the best we have found, and we
find that farmers are good fellows to

deal with, and are willing to pay a good.

price if they get what they want.
Calhoun Co. ' Sr B. Han-nun.

WESTERN MICHIGAN, WHERE THE
FRUIT WITH FLAVOR GROWS.

 

At the Land and Irrigation Exposition,
which was held in Chicago, November
19 to December 4, 1910, and which was
attended by upwards of a quarter of a
million of people, western Michigan was
again to the front, winning fresh laurels
and attracting the favorable attention of

-thousands, with one of the best and most

varied exhibits of fruit, grain, seeds,
tubers and vegetables, shown at the ex-
position.

This exhibition was put up and con-
ducted by the Western Michigan Devel-
0pment Bureau, an organization of busi-
ness men not for pecuniary profit, having
for its primary object the education of
the people of that region in better meth-
ods of agriculture and to encourage help-
ful'co~Operation among neighbors. The
Bureau in its work recognizes two funda-
mental principles.

First, that agriculture lies at the base
of all human endeavor and, second, that
the trend of economic conditions today
necessitates a return to the land. One
hundred years ago, in this country, there
were 96 cultivators of the soil to support
four non-cultivators. Today only 30 out
of every 100 persons are agricultural pro-
ducers in quantity.

Another function of the Bureau is to
furnish correct information to inquirers
about western Michigan and to exploit
the advantages which this region has to
offer to the general farmer, the fruit
grower, the business man and the seeker
after health or recreation.

Low Priced Productive Land..

In the twenty counties which consti-
tute the Western Michigan Bureau there
are 2,061,165 acres of improved land and
5,038,355 acres of raw or unimproved
land. Fully 90 per cent of this raw land
is tillable. The raw or cutover lands can
be bought for from $8.00 per acre up.
The price of the improved land runs from

THE) MICHIGAN FARMER.

$25.00 per acre up. Orchards in bearing
cost from $100 to $250 per acre.

Here is a vast kingdom waiting the
magic touch of the hand of man, to make
it a veritable land flowing with milk and
honey.

The! people of the middle west are fast
coming to see that right at their own
doors, in western Michigan, there are
opportunities for “making good,” and for
becoming independent,.which are unex-
celled in any other region on earth. Be-
cause of the demand for western Mich-
igan land the price is going up steadily,
so that the present low prices are only
temporary. The value of Michigan farms
has gone up 33 per cent in the last
decade.

The Climate.

The western Michigan climate is influ—
enced by the waters of the great lakes,
and as a consequence it is never too harsh
and never oppressive. The winter frosts
are a boon to the fruit grower in that
they have rendered him immune, so far,
to the dreaded San Jose scale and leave
him with only one brood of peach and
apple borers to contend with.

The western Michigan country is beau-
tiful and is the paradise of the hunter,
the fisherman and the man or woman
seeking health or recreation. Michigan
has the lowest death rate of any state in
the union and western Michigan is the
most healthful section of the state and
is fast becoming the play-ground of the
middle west and the south.

Splendid Transportation Facilities.

Nearness to the biggest markets of the
country and the possession of an excel-
lent home market, are important factors
towards the success of the farmer and
fruit grower in western Michigan. The
thousands of resorters in the summer
create a good market for his berries, gar-
den truck, poultry, butter and eggs.

The territory is served by seventeen
lines of railroad and seven steamship
lines which call at eighteen different
ports, putting it in the closest touch with
Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul, Minne-
apolis, Detroit, and in a short time,
twelve to forty hours, and at a compar—
atively low cost for carriage.

No irrigation is necessary, the average
rainfall being 30.97 inches.

The banking facilities in western Mich-
igan are first-class and money can be
borrowed on farm property at a low rate
of interest. '

Soil and climate are the two essential
requisites necessary to produce good fruit.
\\'estern Michigan has these in perfec-
tion, therefore the “Fruit With Flavor”
which has made this region famous.

General farming, cattle raising and seed
growing are successfully carried on. The
average yield for general farm crops is
equal to, and in many cases above, that
of the older agricultural states.

The canning industry has assumed large
proportions. There are twelve canning
factories in western Michigan which put
up in tins every year, the product of
40.000 acres; this prevents, to a large ex-
tent, the glutting of the market.

There are good opportunities in western
Michigan for the manufacturer and the
merchant. While the lumbering business
still leads in volume and importance, yet
almost every article of commerce is made
here. The census returns show that
there are over 3,000 more independent
farmers in Michigan than there were ten
years ago and every place where the
farmers are increasing in numbers and
are prosperous, usually presents good
openings for the retail merchant.

Social Conditions Are Good.

The social conditions and the condi-
tions for contentment in western Michi-
gan are as good as can be found any-
where. There are 1,005 church organiza—
tions, embracing nearly every denomina-
tion, 1,857 publis schoolhouses, thre‘e co]-
leges and 3,760 teachers. There are 244
granges in the district, with a member-
ship of almost 20,000: Good roads tra—
verse the entire region. There are 345
post Offices, and the farmers are well
served with telephones and rural free de-
livery routes.

Paul Rose of Benzie county, one of
the most successful horticulturists in this
country, who has operated in the' south,
the middle west and other sections, says
that he can make more money and make
it easier in western Michigan than he can
anywhere else. Similar testimony can
be furnished from many farmers and fruit
growers of the territory.

Notwithstanding all the advantages
enumerated above, the man who comes
to western Michigan thinking it will be
easy to succeed, has a rude awakening
before him. The clearing of stump lands.
the proper preparation of the soil and the
making of a start in a comparatively

new country, requires grit, physique,
tenacity of purpose, and some brains, and
taken by and large is a man’s job. The
beginner should be no weakling and
should have sufficient money to pay for
the land, the cost of clearing, the plant-
ing of fruit trees or crops and to keep
himself and family until he can receive
returns for his labor. Given these essen-
tials, however, and a big success and in-
dependence are assured.

The Western Michigan Development
Bureau, Traverse City, Michigan, stands
ready to help newcomers in any way pos-
sible by furnishing information and read-
ing matter. A 48-page illustrated maga—
zine telling about western Michigan can
be had for the asking.

JOHN I. GIBSON.
PUMPS NEED CLOSE ATTEN-
TION.

SPRAY

There is a good deal of wear to the
working parts of the spray pump-the
cylinder and plunger packing—especially
where Bordeaux mixture is used. The
grit in the lime cuts both of these out
rapidly, and unless frequently replaced
or renewed the liquid fiows past the
plunger and makes it impossible to keep
up the pressure. At one time I saw two
men working with a hand spray pump
and it was necessary for the man at the
handle to work the pump as rapidly as
possible and at that only a small drizzle
was produced at the nozzle. The pump
simply needed a new plunger packing and
good work with the nozzle and much
easier at the handle would have resulted.
‘We have found it necessary to repack
the plunger to our power pump as often
as every other day when in constant use,
and this with the very best packing we
could find. we have found that in two
seasons the pump cylinder becomes so
worn that it requires reboring, and when
it reaches that stage a new cylinder is
the best repair by far.

Allegan (To. E. H.

EGGPLANTS EATEN BY POTATO
BUGS.

A Dearborn correspondent states that
his eggplants are being eaten by the com-
mon Colorado potato bugs. So numerous
are the posts upon the plants that he
fears they will be totally destroyed. “The
eggplant is of the same family as the
potato, Salanaceae. The beetle can be
controlled in the same manner, as it is
kept from eating potato vines, by feed-
ing him poison upon the lenvcs which he
eats. Use the same solutions as for the
potato plants, i. e., an al'St‘IlIi‘tlI poison,
either Paris green or arsouulc of lead,
the latter being generally considered the
better of the two chemicals. Use the
arsenate of lead at the rule of two pounds
to a hundred gallons of water, and spray
it onto the plants. It would be well not
to continue the spraying later than with-
in six weeks of harvesting the crop.

 

CUTWORMS BOTHER GARDEN.

My garden was an 0M sod, plowed a
Year ago last fall. This year I am
swamped with cutworms; they were not
very bad last year. They are of all
sizes, from the smallest up, and take
everything, vegetables. shrubs and young
fruit trees. I can’t stay up nights to pick

the_crop; couldn't keep up with them if
I did. lMust [ give them this season's
crop? And what can I do to head them
off next year?
Grand Traverse Co. M. G. G.
The standard remedies against cut-
worms are poisoned bails. They are of

two kinds—~fresh vegetation and bran
mash. The former kind is prepared by
spraying a small area or fresh clover or
other plants of a succulent nature with
a solution made of one pound of Paris

green and 100 gallons of water. The
clover or plants is then mowed (-lose to
the ground, gathered and sprinkled in

small bunches every few feet along the
rows of plants to be protected. By
throwing a little chip, or cover of some
sort over the bunches, wilting will be
delayed and the Inil‘atability of the bait

will continue longer, also, it is best to cut
the grass and apply it in the evening as
the cutworms do their damage at night
and the grass being fresh will appeal to
them more readily. The bran baits are
made by using about three ounces of
sugar, or an equal quantity of molasses
or glucose, to a gallon of water and about
a pound of bran. Mix sugar, bran and
water and then add poison—a teaspoonful
of Paris green or a little more arsenate
of lead—and stir thoroughly.

Before planting the crop and after the
ground is plowed and when there is no
other food for the cutworms to eat, is
the best time for the distribution of the

Here is a Rambler car which originally sold
101-81160. which has been taken in exchange
from a satisfied Rambler owner who purchased
one of the 1911 models.

If you need this car remember you get the
same gmrantce of service and satisfaction
that we give with the new Rambler.

Remember. it has been taken apart. worn
parts replaced and the entire car rebuilt. re-

inted, readjusted and converted for the de-

ry service.

Lookuptheratingof thm cempany in Don
and Bradstreet's.

You take no chance when you buy 3 Ram-
bler. There are only a few of these (are ,
in stock. They will go quickly.

Write or Wire To-dny
for SPECIAL PRICES
CLIP THIS COUPON ms

' .The Thomas B. Jeffery Coupany

Main Office and Factory, Kenoaha. 'Wiac‘ona

Send me Special Price on Model 147. also the
Used Car Booklet.

Nana ..........

 

 

 
   
  

IPOTATO,
SPRAYERS

“R5 N FREE TRIAL. No money

in advance. Doubles your crop. Prevent:
blight, scab rut, bugs. Spray FIRST, then
pay u out of éxtrl Profit. Powerful pressure.
Cyclone agitation. Strong owl durable. Bra-a valvrs,
plunger,szrniner,ctc. Guaranteed 5 years. Whoii‘snle
prices. We pasy freight. Write us which machine you prefer,
and get. mac praying Guide Catalog, A

     

 

     
   

   
  

  

  
 

2410 North St.
Canton, 0.

 
   
 

 

F D
SPRAY “was.

 

   
  
  

and do wNww-ohmg In mot Jamaal, economical,
rapid way. Halinfutlon worshiped. BROWN'S

I,.
"AND 0. ' 3
pawn: Auto-Sprays . '
No. l, shown hm, ll fitted with Auto-Pop Nuulo— -~"
in: week of 3 winery sprays". Index-sod by In ‘
primes: Stations and 300,000 others. 40 Itylel and . .-
dm of land and power Ipnyno—uloo prices ‘
Ind valuable my“ guide in our Free Book. -

'rl polo-l new

Till i. c. own COMPANY
(Jay BL, Rochester, N. I.

Fastest Ha y Press
21:» Tons Per Hour

Greater capacity is guaranteed in all Spencer
Presses The guarantee with our Alligator
Press says “22 tons in when"; orqw pay.” Large
teed capacity—smooth and compact bales, uni-
form in size. Load full weight. into cars. All
Spencer Presses are biggest. money makers be-
cause they give greatest capacity at

smallest operating and repaircost. -
erte today for Free illusirated
catalog E.E. describing full line.

BALE I8 l‘i’li HAY

Our ”Cyclone" 3 stroke self feed hay press is
the latest, most powerful and most efficient
press on the market. Each circle of the team
presses in three char es. The “I! load automatic- '
ally puts the bay to t e bottom of the bale chamber.
improvements wonderfully increase capacity
ofourprtiémfg _~_7 hr'iche .today ‘for.
mcuar — _ -\' w I gives rices,
' and details of {w} five days’ Ire: trial.
‘ ii, _ . MARE. 478'
rim-rem“
- es s

EtoERTEL‘iw Iii/Ca.

   
  
   
    
   

 

“II!
Gunran tom]
Capacity

   
  
 

 

 
   

 

   

 
 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

    
  
 
 
 

   

 

   

 
   
 

 

   

  
 
  

  

 

  
 

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L-
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QUINCY. lLL‘."' U

DON’T BUY FERTILIZERS

and pay fancy prices.‘ With the simple directions
we give you, and With no other tools than a
shovel and the barn floor, you can

YOUR OWN

at half the cost. For full information see adver-

tisement German Kali Works, on pa 0112.
THE BARTLETT COMPANY,

STATE AGENTS. JACKSON, MICH.

soil for inoculating contain: prop-

er bacteria for successful growth

of alfalfmm-lb. Iaohflfic. half ton

or over 500 r cut. 1'. o. b can.
&- per

_ .. we. at. farm. Can fuan all best ofreference.
including Colon C. Lillie. Cash with order. Address

A. 808. HUDSONVILLE, MICH.

. m.
Fine Camp: Trees. are $..%.m..
100. SW. Potato & Yam hints by mail ()0. .. b
an 9.50 1000. 33081115 sunsnnms. Tifi‘m, o.

       

 

 

 

 

IIENTWN it}; ii‘cé‘ét‘hiiiifaiifh‘ ""'

 


.s.\.--mfi..~ _-

612 <20) ' ’

bait, providing a little time can be given
for the worms to consume it, as they are
hungry and will eat liberally of the fresh-
ly cut grass or bran. Plants that are set
in the garden can be protected by placing
about each a little of the bran bait or a
bunch of the poisoned clover. Plants
can be dipped in a poisonous solution
made of arsenate of lead and water at
the rate of one pound of the arsenate to
30 or 50 gallons of water. Where one
anticipates plowing a field of sod for
planting to plants likely to be attacked
by cutworms, and most plants are, it is
best to spray the grass growing upon the
land with a solution mixed as above or
such as is used for killing potato bugs.
The potato sprayer would do this work
very nicely and make the work inex-
pensive.
GROWING ONION SETS.

VVhile it now seems to be the general
practice for the farmer to raise his onion
crop by planting “sets,” it is a remark-
able fact that not more than 3,000 acres
of ground are devoted to the growing of
onion sets.

There is nothing difficult in the produc-
tion of either onion sets or seed which may
be undertaken as a side issue with other
lines of farming. The work of caring
for the crops may be done largely by
women and children where it is desirable
to provide work of this nature for them.

Officials of the department of agricul-
ture wish to impress upon farmers the
fact that no large profit can be obtained
from the production of onion sets, es—
pecially when grown on a large area,
small plantings affording greater profit
On a considerable portion of the land
devoted to onion—set raising, the yield is
less than 300 bushels to the acre. Allow-
ing for the cost of seed. fertilizers. culti-
vation, harvesting, and handling, the net
returns are not large, especially when
sets bring only 50 or 60 cents a bushel.
Where it is possible to secure a large
yield of small, white onions, known as

“picklers,” which bring a high price in‘
most of our markets, there will be great- ‘

er profit for the farmer.

In the course of its investigations, the
Ohio experiment station has discovered
and applied a successful treatment of the
soil with a formalin solution to prevent
the fungus disease commonly known as
onion smut. The solution is made with
one pound of 40 per cent formaldehyde
to from 25 to 33 gallons of water. This
is applied best with a drip attachment to
the seed drill, and at the rate of 120 to
150 gallons of the solution per acre for
field onions, and from 500 to 700 gallons
for onion sets. This application of the
formalin solution disinfects the soil sur-
rounding the seed and thus enables it to
germinate and grow to the stage where
it is beyond the attack of the fungus.

Home—made drip attachments may be
made from empty syrup cans inverted,
using a perforated rubber stopper in the
outlet, conected by suitable rubber tubes
with a drawn-glass tube point at the end
of each. This rubber tube will require a
pinch cock to shut off the ilow and the
point will need to be set so that the so-
lution falls with the seed before the earth
covers it over.

PRUNE TOPS OF TRANSPLANTED

PLANTS.

 

l1 is a shock to plants to be torn from
the soil, as is necessary when transplant-
ing. Much of the root system is broken
off and many of the little fibrous rootlets
can no longer perform their function, they
being so delicate that the moving breaks
them from the food to which they are
attached. It, therefore, becomes neces—

sary for the plant to send out. new reot- *

lots to take ])l{l(‘€ of the old ones. To
do this requires time. The evaporation
from the leaves of the plant does not
stop. The evaporation was sufficient to
care for all the water absorbed by the
whole root system before the plant was
disturbed. it can readily be understood
then, that after many of the rootlets are
destroyed and many more are rendered
useless in doing their work, that the leaf
surface will radiate more moisture than
the roots can take up with the effect that
the cells of the plants become empty and
the plants wilt. Now. to avoid this con—
dition to a large extent. the tops of the
plant should be cut away to form a bal-
ance between the leaves and the roots.
Some of the leaves are wanted to man-
ufacture food for the plant. but it is not
necessary to have them all, so cut away
part, one—third or even one-half, depend-
ing upon the amount of injury done the
roots in the operation of taking up and
resetting. a

o

THE MICHIGAN F'ARMER.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

I

HE prosperous farmers of
the country are those who have
taken advantage of every possible
means of saving. time and money. On their ,
1nd gasoline pumping engines '. '
_te1ephones—the most modern and practical
agricultural implements—automobiles and every other
known device that shaves down time and makes men
and things move and produce quicker, and with more

efficiency. And it is a fact that on the majority of these
same prosperous farms you will find an

farms you will

 

in service helping these men to make and save their money. The farmer
buys the Overland purely and simply because he needs it in his business.
He buys it because he knows that it is built to work as he needs it too. He
wants a good strong, reliable car—one that has enough dependable power
to take him any place, any time. under any condition.

And the shrewd man that investigates the Overland car, finds in it greater
value for the price than any other car made.
Model 51 at $1250 (shown below) and compare it with any other $1500
to $1700 car on the market. See how you can make twelve hundred and
fifty dollars go as far as seVenteen hundred. Go to several of the gar-

 

 

   

If you doubt this take

 

/
—.—,_.—.—_—_.___——— .____

 

 

 

ages near you. Look over all the different cars. Compare what they
offer with the Overland. Take the specifications of each one home and

check them over at your leisure. Just because you cannot pick the car
to pieces from a mechanical standpoint, that is no reason why you should not know
that no inch wheel base is better value for your money than 106.

Get in touch with our dealer today. Write us and we will send you his name and ,

address as well as an interesting Overland book. This gives you the whole story. Ask

for Catalogue AG36

The Willys-Ov‘erland Company Fifi. "

 

Model 51—30 H. P.-—110 inch Wheel

 

Base—Tire- 34x3fi—Five Passenger

 

 

 

 

 

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I-.‘/“\ ;/"/\

  

   

. 3 if:
1/ M"

j“ " ll 1 \ ' if .
" , . . 4r .. f
1'3." Ju/lAX/l‘ ., (1 it.) “all” a”. "leillltll‘flI/A l

lit/till... "mitt

If the yield and quality are bad you must do better. If they are
good it will pay you to make them better. A better fertilizer will
do it, The usual wheat fertilizers do not contain enough

-'POTASH

Use 6 to 8 per cent. Potash. instead of I to 2, and balance
the phosphoric acid of the bone or phosphate.

Tell Your Dealer about this Now, br-iorc the fertilizer salesman
arrives. VVrito us today for our two free books. "Fall l‘cl‘tllIZCIS
and "Home Mixing."

We sell Polar/z Sal/3 In any amount from 1 bag (200153.) 141’.

ll’rzte for #72665, slatmg quanlzty need: .

GERMAN KALI WORKS. Inc.

Continental Bld . Baltimore Monulnock Block, Chicago
Whitney Bank Bldg, New Orlean-

  
  

 

..- . " I?" , ~
, 3&1: ‘
it?!“ '9 ~ 9‘ I' ' '

l, t " ”ti 2" "
l , » . - .
{flan/Ni (in l

    
    

 

{I ‘1/ gulp"! I," . .’\ ‘1,
with/at M, ., .

U

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u

     

  

 

  
   
    
  
 
  
 
  

 
 
   

   
 

 
   

—Prico $1250
Study Your Wheat Before You Harvest It i "i...“ tsgeigm...

   

KEROSENE

gasoline, distillate, any fuel oil, perfectly—without change
Cheapest. Safest. Simnlest

 

for barn work, house work, mill Work, dairy work, well
work. spraying, sawing,irrigation,electriclights, pumping.
Astonishing success. More power gallon for gallon. Hun-
dred less ports. Pntentthrottle gives three on inc 1 the
price of one. Catalog free—tells how. «r .
Doubledutytzmkrevolutionizescooling ‘
systems. Force feed lubricotor—per-
feel; oiling. Automobile mufilor. ,
Ball bearing governor. Starts in-
stantly. No pro-heating No
crank. Experience unnec~
canary. Women can oper-
taw. Vibration elimina-
od. Quality high—price
low. Comes complete.
Alwnyl hungry for
work—and thrives on it.

FREE TRIAL

No obligation till satia-
fled. Ill-your IBII'II'IIGI.
"Engine Fads" free
writefor it now.

Ellis Engine Co.,
49 unit.“ 8L. amour. ulcu.

  
       
   
    
  
 
 
 
  
 

 

 

 

 

THE LRRGEST AND BEST ”NB OF . "

,WELL DRILLING

in America. We

MACH I N ER have been mak-

 

 

ing it for over 20 years. Do not buy until you

Please mention the Michigan Farmer when you, 2331135035"it’iisii‘iiefifia‘NWW N“? 5““
are writing to advertisers and you Will do us a favor. l Austin Manufacturing 00;. Ghlcago