. fiwi'Jhem is a. much cheaper method

‘ fer





' barf/3

\ ’ \ '





The Only Weekly Agricultural, Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State.





 





 





VOL. CXXXVI. No. 24. :

Whole Number 3552.





FARM NOTES.





Canada Thistles. us.





Please answer me through you ' aper

the best way to get rid of Canada this—

tles. I have a fivesacre lot in grass in

which the thistles are very thick.



Presque Isle Co. vH



A great many inquiries regarding the

eradication Of Canada thistles have been

received during the past few weeks. In

every case the inquirer has been advised

that the best means of eradicating the

pest is by thorough culture, which will

prevent the growth of the plants above

ground for a few weeks during the grow-

ing season, since no plant can survive this

treatment. or the crops which are best

adapted to grow on ground that is badly

infested with Canada thistles, root crops

are first in order, for the reason that

these have to be thinned and hoed by

hand anyhow, and the labor which may

properly be charged to the eradication of

the thisltes is thus greatly reduced.

\Vhere a cultivated crop is being grown

on infested land which it is desired’ to

clear of the pest, hand hoeing will be

necessary to keep the thistles out of the

hills or rows, where the cultivator can-

not reach them.



But for those who have not planted

cultivated crops on the badly infested





 





ew'ieradlcation of the thistles.

they are plowed under when they com-

mence to bloom, after the plants have

attained nearly or quite their normal

growth, they will start less vigorously

than where plowed under earlier in the

season. Then a thorough summer fallow—

ing will nearly eradicate them. The writ-

er was talking with a Gratiot county

farmer just recently who has had repeat-

ed experiences in the eradication of this-

tles by this method, and in every case

wnere it was followed he got practically

a clean job. In one field which he now

has sowed to alfalfa the thistles formerly

grew so rank that practically nothing else

could be produced on the land, but one

season’s treatment as above advised

eradicated them so completely that he

found only two thistles growing in the

field at a recent close examination. He

has another field sowed to oats and peas

this year, a part of which is so badly in-

fested with thistles that he will plow the

whole crop under and summer fallow

for the purpose of eliminating the this—

tles, and at the same time he will inci-

dentally improve the mechanical condi—

tion and fertility of the soil by the crop

plowed under for green manure.



A good many farmers who have allowed

fields to become badly infested with this-

tles attempt to grow crops in them with—

out sufilciently thorough culture to keep

them in check, in which cases results

are certain to be unprofitable. The writ-

er has’in mind a field regarding which

a farmer asked his advice last year,

where the thistles had been allowed to

get such a start in his corn that it was

impossible to check their growth so as to

give the corn a chance to make good.

This same field is in oats this year, but

the oats have been practically smothered

out by the thistles over a considerable

portion of the field. This is certainly an

unprofitable proposition, and in all such

cases it will pay to take the necessary

steps to eradicate the thistles.



Handling Clover for Best Results.





I am sending you two roots of clover;

one is dead and the other is nearl so.

Can you tell .me what it is that has Killed

the clover? About three-fourths of the

field is dead; in places for four rods

square there isnot a live root. The field

has only-theen out once for hay. Any

information will be appreciated.



Oséeola 'Co. " ' R. E. L.



The roots of, clover mentioned in the





above 'inquiry' afforded no clue to the

cause 'of their failure to make a growth





DETROIT. MICH.. SATURDAY. JUNE I7. 1911.





1





this spring. However, in most cases in

this section of Michigan, clover cannot

be expected to make a good stand for

more than one year. While it is not

strictly a biennial, it very often dies af-

ter it has produced for one year, espe-

cially after it matures seed. The fact

that the clover died Out in patches to a

noticeable extent may be due to the fact

that it was more exposed to unfavorable

conditions in spots in the field. These

conditions may have been exposure for

want of a sufiicient covering of snow in

spots, or perhaps due to standing water

or ice, or the causes may have gone back

still further and the result be due to the

condition of the soil, or the effect of last

season’s drought, or perhaps to too close

grazing in places if the clover was pas-

tured after the hay was cut last year.

In fact, it is not always easy to deter-





clover is mowed for the second year, es-

pecially if seeded with timothy or other

grasses, the stand is always weakened,

and the other grasses appropriate the

nitrogen and mineral plant food stored in

the dead roots of the clover plants, and

when the sod is plowed down less benefit

is derived from the accumulated plant

food by succeeding crops, and less vege-

table matter is added to the soil to in-

crease its content of humus and benefit

its mechanical condition. For these rea—

sons it is the better practice to use clo-

ver in a short rotation where practicable,

although, of course, occasions will arise

where it is desirable to cut it a second

year, such as the failure of a seeding.

But it is better to let even such a con-

tingency interfere with the regular crop

rotation as little as possible, if we aim

to get the best results, both in the yields





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





m





I .

I

1





Farm Home and Main Barn





of Jacob Kniebes, of Berrien County,





Mich.





 





 





 





mine the cause of conditions such as are

described. At times the clover root borer

is prevalent in sections of Michigan, and

destroys the two-year-old clover, but

there was no evidence of this insect nest

in the specimens sent, so the result must

have been due to natural causes which

cannot be analyzed without knowing all

of the conditions, if at all. ,

But this experience brings up a point

which merits the'attention of every

farmer, and that is that the best results

from every'standpoint are secured by

handling the clover crop in a short ro-

tation, which leaves it to occupy the land

only one year. By this means the great-

est possible value of the clover crop to

the land will be realized. Where the





 





 





 





of crops grown and the conservation and



improvement of the fertility of the soil.

ereworms.



I have a field that is infested with wire-





worms that I intend planting to beans.

This was new land last year. What

would you say about drilling salt with

beans? Please inform me through your

paper



Saginaw Co. E. K.





As has been often stated in these col-

umns, the best remedy for wireworms is

fall plowing, which leaves the larvae

more exposed to the action of the‘ele-

ments during the winter. The damage

done by these pests is due to the fact

that the larvae live in the ground for two

or three years before this period of their

life cycle is completed. which makes it





 





' years as





".00 A YEAR.

$3.75 FIVE YEARS.





a difficult proposition to prevent their

depredations until the ground has been

cleared of them by cultivation for two or

more years. Some farmers claim to have

had excellent results by applying salt to

destroy them and keep them in check.

However, it would seem to be much the

better plan to apply the. salt broadcast

and work it into the soil, if it is to be

applied at all, than to sow it in the rows

with the beans. Salt, if applied in suffi-

cient quantities, will destroy vegetation

with as much certainty as it will insect

pests, hence the wisdom of the caution

above advised. Of course, it is possible

that the application of even a small quan—

tity of salt as suggested in this inquiry

might prove distasteful to the wireworms

and to some degree keep them away from

the young bean plants, yet hunger is a





compelling necessity, and. we doubt

whether this would prove an adeq ua‘te

protection for the plants. The best





course would seem to be to plant plenty

of seed, and in case the beans are taken,

devote the land to some crop which is

distasteful to the worms, such as buck-

wheat or rape to be used as forage for

sheep or hogs. However, it would be

worth while to experiment with salt in

the row as suggested, on a small area to

determine by a comparative test whether

there is any virtue in the plan or not.





CONSERVATION OF SOIL MOISTURE.





 





 





 





Conserving or holding the moisture

contained in the soil is a subject which

has not occupied the farmer’s mind in

it has, or ought to have had,

during the recent drought in this section

of the state. Not in years has there been

so small an amount of rainfall durim:

April and May. Thus it stood the farmer

in hand to save all the moisture that the

soil contained before the drought began.

01’ course, no one knew that the rainfall

would be so light as it was and conse—

quently a good many farmers plowed and

plowed for days as usual, and hoped and

waited for the much belated rain to ap—

pear. But the ground dried out, as us-

ual, and they planted in the dust, with

not the best results.





There are very few fields upon which

crops of any kind in any climate, can be

brought to maturity with the maximum

yields the soils are capable of producing,

without adopting means of saving the

soil moisture. There are fields, it is

true, where, at times, the moisture in the

soil is too great, and drainage becomes

necessary; but even under these condi—

tions it will usually be found advisable

to adopt measures for conserving the

moisture.





In aiming to control soil moisture three

distinct lines of operation are followed,

based upon as many different aims. First.

to conserve the moisture already ifi the

soil by different ways, times, and fre-

quencies of tillage and by application of

mulches.





Second, to reduce the quantity of water

in the soil, by frequent stirring, by ridg-

ing or firming the surface and by sur-

face or under drainage.





Third, to increase the amount of water

in the soil by increasing its capacity for

water and by irrigation.



We will now take up the first part, Or

the conserving of the moisture already

in the soil. There are many, many ways.

Early fall plowing of ground where win—

ter grain is to be sown' and tilling it to

hold the moisture is a very good thing

and is practiced by a good 'many farm-

ers, who realize the value of this wa'yfof

doing. When ground is plowed late in the

fall, just before freezing, it then acts

during the winter and early spring as a.

mulch, diminishing the loss of water by

surface evaporation. The rough surface
‘2





630 _ .0):





tends to hold the snow. therefore when

the snow melts it penetrates the soil

without washing. .



.When sod ground is to be planted to

com the earlier the ground —ls plowed in

the spring the better. In the spring the

soil at the surface is usually not only

wet but also well packed, two of the most

important conditions for the rapid move-

ment of water to the surface. It is al-

most always noticeable that the corn

ground that is plowed the earliest in the

spring holds its moisture the longest, and

the crop is usually better than that on a.

field that was plowed later in the season.



Moisture can be conserved by mulching

and by frequent cultivation. The soil

should be cultivated after each rain, if

convenient, but a good many of us can-

not do this as we would like to do on

account of not having the time and help

to do it. One should be very careful not

to cultivate too deep or too often after

the crop has nearly reached the matur-

ing stage as corn or potatoes can be in-

jured in this way by cutting off the feed-

er roots. Of course, it depends a great

deal upon the season, whether wet or

dry, and one must use some judgment in

the matter, based upon past experience.

Putting an application of manure on the

soil or upon the wheat in the winter helps

to hold the moisture for the clover seed

in the springhand is extremely beneficial

to the growing plants.



Moisture can be conserved in the soil

by reducing the quantity of water near

the surface. Producing a dust mulch by

stirring frequently and pressing down the

soil firmly with a land roller accomplishes

this in the most satisfactory way. We

aim, when plowing for corn, to follow

closely with the roller, especially where

the soil is a sandy loam and not too

much clay. This spring this has been a

paying thing to do for the ground that

was not rolled or floated immediately af-

ter plowing lost its moisture and was

planted in the dust, the corn not coming

up good and even as it ought to do in

order to have an even stand. This will

be more noticeable in drilled corn than

in hilled corn. as each stalk is seen by

itself. A field of corn in the hill always

looks larger than a field of drilled corn,

because in the billed corn you notice

only, the tallest stalks.



Draining the water from the surface or

by laying tile and draining it from be-

neath places the soil in a condition to

hold moisture better for the growing

crop.



Subsoiling places the soil in a position

to increase its capacity for water but

this method is not generally practiced in

this region. Irrigation is carried on in

the west but we do not have to irrigate

here, although it would be an advantage

if we have as dry a spring next year as

we did this. Within the last four days

we have had plenty of rain and it now

stands us in hand to hold as much of

this as we can for future needs as we

will probably need it during the next

three months.





Jackson Co. CHAS. GOLDSMITH.





FERTILIZER FARMING.





In a recent issue of the Michigan Farm-

er, Mr. Lillie says that he hauls his

barnyard manure to the fields that are

within one—half mile of the barn, and

uses commercial fertilizer on lands that

are further away. How much does he

use per acre, and is he able by this means

to build up the fertility of the land with-

out using much or any manure? If so,

what rotation does he follow on this

land? I would like to have Mr. Inllie

answer these questions in the, Michigan

Farmer. I am using a considerable

amount of high grade fertilizer each

year. as I consider the high grade goods

cheaper than low grade fertilizers. But

my neighbors claim that it runs the land

and costs too much, and that manure IS

cheaper and better. I have an outlying

farm and have not manure enough to go

around. J. S.



For a number of years I have been

convinced that it did not pay to haul

the barnyard manure to the fields the

farthest away from the barn, and I have

not done it, because I did not produce,

even with my large stock, a sufficient

amount of stable manure to cover all of

the land anyway, and so I have resorted

to commercial fertilizer. As I have stated

many times in the Michigan Farmer, I

bought a run-down farm, did not keep

any live stock on it. drew all of the crops

to the farmstead, and relied entirly upon

commercial fertilizer. That was a num-

ber of years ago When I was experiment-

ing. I can take the same farm today and

make good money from the very begin-

ning, make more than I did then, simply

because I did not have faith enough in

commercial fertilizer at that time to use

it in sufficient quantities and in a regu-

lar system. But I took that farm and





THEVMICHIGAN FARMER, .





by using commercial fertilisers on wheat

seeding to clover, keeping the field into

clover simply one year then plowing down

for corn; then growing oats after the

corn, and wheat again after the oats;

and using fertilizer On the corn, on the

oats, and on the wheat, I gradually built

up the soil so that when I sold the farm

1 could raise better crops without any

commercial fertilizer than I did in the

first place with commercial fertilizer.

Now at the present time I am attempting

to bring up some land that I recently

purchased that has not received any

stable manure for years. Some of it nev-

er received any. I have ab0ut the same

rotation of crops but I am using larger,

heavier applications of commercial fer-

tilizer. I am using 300 to 400 lbs. and in

some instances 500 lbs. of commercial fer-

tilizer on wheat and seeding this wheat to

clover, then I cut one-crop of clover, if

the season is favorable I will take a crop

of seed, then the land is plowed for corn

and I have been using 300 lbs. per acre

of fertilizer but I am satisfied this is not

enough and shall use 500 lbs., after the

corn the land is sown to oats with 300 to

400 lbs. of fertilizer per acre and then

plowed for wheat. I am raising profitable

crops and am increasing the fertility of

the land. The land is getting better

every year. COLON C. LILLIE.





COMPARATIVE VALUE OF HEN MA-

NURE AND NITRATE OF SODA.





 





What is the comparative value of

nitrate of soda .at $2.50 per cwt. and

poultry manure at 500 per barrel?



New York. B. F. M.





Nitrate of soda contains 17 per cent of

nitrogen, or 17 lbs. of nitrogen per 100

lbs., which at the market price of 150

per lb. would be $2.55, or $51 per ton.

This product runs uniform in analysis

so that We can figure that one ton of

nitrate of soda is just as valuable as an-

other ton. But with hen manure the case

is different. There are no two tons alike.

The. value of it depends uargely upon the

food which the fowls consume and also

Upon the per cent of moisture which it

contains. Hens which are fed a ration

which is highly nitrogenous will produce

a manure which contains more ammonia.

and is therefore worth more for fertilizer

than a ration which is largely carbon-

aceous and contains less ammonia. And

hen manure varies in moisture content

considerably though, of course, not as

much as the manure from other animals.

Fresh hen manure contains about 60 to

60 per cent of moisture while sun dried

or air dried hen manure contains from

four or five to eight or 10 per cent of

moisture. Therefore, it is next to im-

possible to answer this question with

any degree of accuracy, and besides. we

do not know the weight of the 50c worth.

Ilow much does a. barrel of hen manure

weigh? Buying hen manure at 500 per

barrel is a good deal like buying a pig

in a bag. You don’t know what you are

getting, and this is about the same way

in buying any kind of manure. You have

no way of analyzing it or determining its

moisture content, and consequently you

do not know what you are getting for

your money. Supposing this hen manure

to be ordinary fresh hen manure and that

plaster had been used on the roost plat-

forms to prevent the loss of ammonia,

and that the hens were fed a ration

composed of equal parts of corn and

oats, this sort of hen manure has been

found by analysis to contain three-fourths

of one per cent of nitrogen and 0.22 of

one per cent of phosphoric acid, and 0.23

of one per cent of potash. 0.75 of one per

cent of nitrogen at 15c a. pound would be

worth $2.24, and the ‘ phosphoric acid

would be worth 31c, and the potash

would be worth 22c. making a ton of

hen manure worth $2.75.



Take another little illustration. Where

the manure is sun dried and only con-

tains 454 per cent of moisture, this ma-

nure was found to contain two per cent

of nitrogen, 0.85 of one per cent of phos-

phoric acid, 0.35 of one per cent of pot-

ash, and at the same price for ingredi-

ents a ton would contain $6 worth of

nitrogen, 63c worth of phosphoric acid,

310 worth of potash, or a total of $6.94

for the ton. Here we have tw0 instances

where a ton of hen manure varies in price

from $2.77 to $6.94. If we would average

the two it would make a ton of hen ma-

nure worth approximately $5 per ton.

Nitrate of soda is worth $50 per ton if

hen manure is worth $5 per ton. Now,

will a barrel of hen manure weigh 100

lbs. or will it weigh more? If it weighs

100 lbs. on the average and you pay 50c

a barrel for the hen manure you would

be paying at the rate of $10 per ton.



Gown 0. mm.





HABIT A8. A FACTOR IN METHODS

‘ OF FARM WORK.





 





I was born and reamd in Michigan, but

this spring desiring to take a little trip

for experience, I traveled around a lit-

tie and took a job on a farm near Day-

ton, O., at $30 per month and board. But

$30 per month is not'attractive to me the

way they farm here. They all use left

hand plows, with no wheel or jointer, and

they use only one line. to drive three

horses to plow or barrow. This was the

awkwardest work I ever tried to do. The

horses are hitched close and one has to

lift up on the handles and practically

carry the weight of the plow, with the

result that sometimes one will plow

nearly a foot deep. In plowing down

'clover that was just heading out for the

tobacco crop, the clover plants showed

between every furrow. I got a chain and

put on the plow to do a better job, and

he made me take it off, saying there was

no need of making the horses drag that

extra weight. I told him that in Mich-

igan we would consider a farmer who

plowed that way about 1,000 years behind

the times. But they will not believe me,

and I would like to have Mr. Lillie write

me a letter on this subject, or an article

in the Michigan Farmer.



J. E. MILLER.





Our friend seems to have dropped into

a new agricultural world where the sys-

tem of doing farm work is entirely dif-

ferent from anything that he is used to.

Undoubtedly, after he gets accustomed

to doing the farm work in this way it

will not seem so awkward, but without

any question, in many ways he is right.

Now, so far as a left hand plow is con-

cerned, while I never saw one and know

nothing about them from actual use, I

can understand that after one got used

to a left hand plow he could plow just as

well as he could with a right hand plow.

I can see that it would make no particu-

lar difference. It would be much on the

same principle as milking a cow on the

left hand side instead of the right hand

side. Now, after one got used to it, and

the cow got used to it, it would make

absolutely no difference. The only reason

one could give why everybody milks the

cow on the right hand side is simply be-

cause it is custom, and that is the way

with a left hand plow. But when it comes

to a jointer and a wheel, without ques-

tion both of these adjustments to the

plow are valuable. One object in plow-

ing is to turn down the green growing

clover, stable manure that has been ap—

plied to thesurface, the accumulation of

weeds, stubble. and that sort of thing,

and get it down to the bottom of the

furrow of the tools used in tilllng, also

to bury it so that it will decay and fur-

nish plant food for future crops, and to

destroy the growing weeds and crops

that you plow down so that they will not

grow and interfere with the coming crop.

Now, to effectively plow down anything

of this sort, the jointer is certainly help-

ful. It turns a little furrow of its own,

rolling the standing clover, or rye, or

weeds, or stubble, so that it falls into

the furrow ahead of the big furrow and

the big or main furrow entirely covers it

up, leaving nothing but clean earth on

top. In this way you get a complete

plowing down on the field. Then again,

in plowing tenacious sod, the jointer

turns this little furrow of the sod itself

and leaves nothing but earth without

very much grass roots so that it lessens

the labor of tilling very much. . In plow-

ing a heavy timothy sod, or clover sod,

too, for that matter, without a jointer

there is a raw edge of vegetable matter

that makes it a good deal more difficult

to properly fit the ground for the future

crop than as though this had been plowed

down with a jointer. I am positive that

if the farmers in the vicinity of Dayton

in this neighborhood would use a jointer

that they would be well satisfied with it.

They would never go back. The only

place, to my way of thinking, where one

would be justified in using a colter is in

new land where there are fresh roots

that must be cut off. In such instances,

of course, the colter is a great advan-

tage, but on improved land, free from

roots of trees the colter is not necessary.

One positively cannot do as good plow-

ing with a colter as he can with a

jointer.



Where one has a uniform soil, that is,

where the soil is just the same over the

entire field to be plowed, and with a plow

that is long on its land side, if it is prop-

erly adjusted, one can do a very good

job of plowing without a wheel. But on

land that is not uniform, where we have

cray and sand, or heavy and light soil in

the same field, and the plow is running

from one to the other. it is almost im-

possible to do a good job of plowing

without a wheel. You can’t adjust a

plow so that it can be readily handled by

any plowman, to plow different kinds of

soil without varying the depth and the





JUNE “ 11, 1911. -

wheel entirely does away with this. . By ~ .





setting the plow so that it tends to run

into the ground and then having the

wheel to keep it out, you contract) the

plow at a. uniform depth very much eas-

ier than without one. How much easier

for the plowman to hold the plow with a

wheel when it is properly adjusted than

it is without one. He doesn’t have to

give his whole attention to governing the

depth of the plow and as a wheel is a.

very inexpensive part of a plow there is

no reason why one should not be on ev-

ery plow, and if a man will plow a spell

with a wheel and then take it off he will

soon put the wheel back on the plow.





I have understood before, that in some

sections of the country people are in the

habit of driving three horses with one

single line. Not only that, but in some

instances they drive a pair of horses with

one single line and when they cultivate

or plow corn with a single horse they

only have one line. I cannot understand

why people should stick to such prac-

tices as this. And I cannot understand

why the first man in the first place





should ever devise such a practice as





this, because you can certainly drive a

horse better with two lines than you

can with one line. By properly adjust-

ing the two lines on a three—horse team

by having two extra straps or common

tie reins that run from the buckle in the

lines either way to the third horse and

taking a little pains in adjusting the

length of these lines one can get a set

of lines on a three-horse team so that

they can guide the horses just as readily

as they would guide a pair of horses.

Some people use the two lines on the

two outside horses and then tie the cen-

ter horse to the outside horses. I think

this way is better than a single line and

yet it is not as well as to have the prop-

erly adjusted three lines with the two

extra reins. Some of my men on the

farm are continually tieing the third horse

to the two outside horses and driving

them in that way. Of course, one reason

is that they lose the cross reins, but I





wouldn’t drive a three-horse team one‘





single day without these extra reins,

properly adjusted, then each horse has

the same pressure on the bit and you can

guide them just as nicely as you can a

pair of horses. I suppose that this prac~

tice of driving three horses with a single

line comes from the old army practice

of driving three or four pairs of mules





where it is possibly impracticable to





drive the leaders with a pair of lines.

1.ere the man rides the rear wheel mule

and drives the head mule with a single

line and the whip, but the whip is quite

as important as the single line and, of

course, after one gets used to driving in

this way he can do a fairly good job,

but you can’t do it as nicely. It is not

as easy for the horses as to have a pair

of lines. Of course, with a little patience

one could teach a horse to turn in either

direction by a certain jerk. For instance

the horse will learn that two short jerks





mean turn to the left and one short jerk‘





means turn to the right, but for all or-

dinary purposes where different men are

driving horses, a. bit in the mouth with

a line on either side so that you can pull

the way you want the horse to go is

much more intelligently understood by

the horse and he will respond to it much

more quickly than any other way.



The old saying is that “Habits are the

better part of one’s self.” We are all

creatures, not Only as individuals but as

communities. As individuals we get in

the habit of doing things in a certain

way because we have seen other people

do them in that way; we have contract-

ed the habit, and it is hard to break it

off. And so with communities. They get

in the habit of doing certain kinds of

work in certain ways and it clings to

them generation after generation on the

same principle that the habit clings to

the individual. And it requires some





'effort on the part of the individual or on





the part of the community to get rid of

certain habits. Of course, in a general

way this is a good thing because the

co-operative judgment of a community

siderably merited, but on the other

in any particular farm practice is con-

hand, when we find out from the experi-

ence of others that some of the things

that we have been doing are not done

as well as they are done in other sec-

tions, then it should be our duty to at

least give the new ways or different ways

a trial. I feel sure that it our farmer

friends in Ohio would use the wheel and

jointer on the plow and would let our

friend fit up his three-horse team prop-

erly with lines they would be well pleased

with the results.

COLON C. mun.-
JUNE 17,1911. arm

Q a





 





(AALAA AAA!





'iiiiié' sad 3





 





A"AAAALAAAAAA





TH E BROOD SOWS.





 





No matter what particular breed of

swine we may have, and no matter how

excellent a breeding boar we may select,

we can attain no marked success if we

have unproductive and poorly managed

brood sows. The effects of mismating

are so difficult to breed out of a herd

that it is of great importance that we

have good sows to begin with. There is

no infallible rule for selecting young sows

that will prove especially good breeders,

but there are numerous points which are

well worth considering. ,



Short, straight legs, strong pasterns, a





,‘moderate amount of bone, smooth, evenly





covered shoulders, a. wide, deeply fleshed

back, well sprung ribs, deep sides and

well-rounded hams are important quali-

fications in the market hog and should

be looked for in the brood sows. I‘ni-

formity of type is perhaps the most valu-

able single characteristic in the sow

herd. A mixed lot of uneven pigs are

not .pleasing to the eye nor satisfactory

in the feed yards. The only basis for the

selection of animals that are uniform in

type is the use of well—bred sires and

dams that have been bred with that ob-

ject in view. This explains why we

should stick close to one breed and se-

lcct breeding animals that possess these

desired characteristics until we have es-

tablished a fixed type and prepotency in

our herds.



As a breeding proposition, “the boar is

half the herd," but the influence of the

sow is greater than that of the boar-

for she is not only an influential force in





furthering the plans of the breeder and.





improving the type of the herd, but she

supplies nourishment for the pigs during

the first few weeks of their lives, conse-

quently she must have a sufficient num—

ber of well-formed teats to provide suffi—

cient nourishment and feeding room for

large litters. A sow cannot rear a. litter

of thrifty pigs in excess of the number

of her well-developed teats, for each pig

has its own‘teat to which it invariably

goes at. every nursing period.

Sizinnmluality and finish constitute a

marked feature of a good brood sow.

Depth of chest and abdomen are Specially

important. Drawn up ilanks and narrow





chests must be avoided. intelligent eyes,

broad forehead, clean and trim throat,

moderately thin neck, smooth and deep





shoulders, wide and straight back and

ample room for the vital organs provided

by a good width and depth of Chest, well

sprung ribs and straight, deep sides are

some of the most important characteris-

tics of good brood sows. Length of body

is frequently emphasized as a valuable

point in a brood sow, but this does not

seem to be necessary if the body is roomy

and not too much inclined to fatness. it

will do no harm to select sows that are

specially long, provided they have quality

in proportion to their length, but it is a

mistake for us to sacrifice quality and

keep a bunch of loose-jointed, long-

coupled, slow maturing sows. The in-

iiuence of length of body on a sow'sfc—

cundity is by no means a settled ques-

tion. The most sensible way of selecting

prolific sows is to keep a record of the

herd and use it as a basis of selection in

determining which sows to keep over for

breeders.

Disposition.



A kind and gentle disposition is one of

the most important and valuable charac—

teristics of a good brood sow. A sow

that will not permit herself to be hand-

led. that is nervous and irritable, always

ready to raise a disturbance at the slight-

est provocation, will have a litter of

scary pigs that will hide and squeal If

any attempt is made to handle them.

The gain in weight in young pigs in pro-

portion to the food consumed, is in in-

verse ratio to the amount of unnecessary

exercise they take, and a restless, un-

easy sow with a scary litter, always

jumping out of the nest every time we go

near them, will prove a poor investment.

as compared with a more quiet disposi-

tion and temperament. ,



A, fallacious belief held by many swine

breeders and feeders is that sows that

have small litters produce the best and

most vigorous pigs. However, practical

experiments have upset some of the

theories of these breeders and feeders.

The sow with vital energy to produce a

large litter of well-formed pigs, if prop-

erly ted,will endow the pigs with a cor-

responding degree of thrift and vigor.

This has been proven by continuing the





- THE “Ml‘CHlGAN FARMER. is?





observation over a. longer period where

the pigs from both sows have had ex-

actly the same food and treatment.





Whether we are to raise pigs for breed-

ing purposes or for feeding on our own

farms the economical management of the

brood sows is of great importance. If we

can dispose of our young stock for breed-

ing purposes and secure fair prices it will

probably pay best to make the breeding

of pure-bred swine a feature of our busi-

ness. It will then pay us to select our

breeding swine with reference to the de-

mands of the trade we are supplying

and to invest liberally in the best class





of breeding animals to improve our

herds.

Two Litters a Year.

\Vhether we are breeding registered





swine or feeding out our pigs for pork,

1 have never been able to understand the

grounds for the claim so often made that

it is unprofitable to attempt to get more

than one litter a year from each sow. I

know from actual experience that the

difference between substantial profit and

decided loss has been my ability to handle

my sows so as to produce two litters a

year at the desired time. Some of the

best animals I have ever handled have

been fall farrowed pigs and some of the

most profitable pigs I have ever sent to

market have been falL pigs that have been

carried through the winter in good condi-

tion and marketed either in June at

about 225 pounds or during the early fall

at heavy weights after they had been

grown largely upon forage crops during

the summer and fed corn for a few weeks

during the late summer and early au-

tumn months. .





Breeding sows.





to farrow two litters a condition.





FEEDERS’ PROBLEMS.





The Feeding Value of Millet Hay.



Will you please inform me through the

Michigan Farmer what you consider the

feeding value of millet for horses and

Stock. What kind would you advise sow-

ing and is the month of June too late to

sow same?



Kent Co. B. V. O



\Vhile millet hay has a. fairly high feed-





ing value for cattle and sheep it is not a

good horse feed, its use often proving

deleterious, if not dangerous, to horses

where it is fed as the exclusive roughage

for any considerable period of time. This

fact has been established both by expe—

rience and carefully conducted experi-

ments. During the winter of 1891—92 an

ailment of horses was prevalent in North

Dakota which was called “millet disease”

for the reason that practically all of the

animals suffering from it had been pre—

viously fed millet as a roughage. About

ten per cent of the animals affected died,

which made the trouble of such import-

ance that it was made the subject of a

special investigation by the experiment

station of that state. Experiments were

made in the feeding of millet to a num-

ber of horses, these experiments being

continued with one animal for a period of

two years. The results of the test are

given in Bulletin 26 of the North Dakota

Experiment Station, as follows:



"By feeding her (a mare) millet (bay)

for about three months, she would be—





cmbwlame in the joints of the hind

legs that it was almost impossible for

her to walk, and on discontinuing the

feeding of the millet she would gradually

recover, until at the end of three or four

months she would again be in a normal

As soon as that condition was





 





 





A Twenty-year-old Brood Mare, with her 14th, 15th and 16th Colts at Side.





This mare,





one, making an unusual record.





‘ the property of Claude Newman of

first colt at three years of age, and has produced a cult every war since. except





Clinton county, raised her





 





year and at the right. time requires care-

ful management. “'e breed our sows to

farrow their first litter late in February

or early in March and plan to have the

pigs weaned in time to breed them to

furrow again early in September. If the

sows are well fed after the pigs are born,

and if the pigs are taught to eat solid

food and drink milk at an early age they

can be safely taken from the sow at

seven or eight weeks of age. The whole

litter can be removed within four or five

days. The prolonging of the milk fiow

too long will make the fall litters come

too late to secure a good start before the

winter comes. The average sows will

breed within a week after they are re—

moved from their litters. This will bring

the fall litters at about the right date.

Should some of the sows fail to get with

pig for a fall litter they may be carried

over and bred again for a spring litter

or fattencd and sold. \Ve always keep

over enough sows so that we can spare

those that do not get with pig at the

right time.



in the feeding of the sow herd we

should plan to utilize waste foods, forage

and pasture crops, fallen fruits, roots and

vegetables. Not that these foods are

sufficient for the sow’s diet but because

they furnish the needed variety, bulk and

succulence. The sow is not fattening

and is therefore only required to assimi-

late sufficient food to maintain her con—

dition and produce a. litter of pigs in six

months. A good prolific sow should be

kept as long as she. produces good sized

litters of strong, vigorous pigs. . There is

decided economy in keeping fully-matured

sows rather than breeding from young

gilts.





New York. W, MILTON KELLY.





reached, would again feed millet until the

mare was in such a condition that she

could hardly stand, tlicn again quit feed—

ing millet. \\'e have alternated with mil-





 





 





let and other hay, for nearly two years.

In the mcantimo the horse has suffered‘

in condition and docs not at all resemble





her former self. She is valueless as far,

as work is concerned. and is only keptI

for experimental purposes. \\’e are able





at any time to demonstrate the effecti

from feeding millet, by allowing her to

have millet exclusively as coarsc food fori.

a portion of two months.”



With regard to the general effects pro-

duced by the exclusive. feeding of millet

hay in these experiments, and as ascer-I

tained by correspondence with a largcf

number of veterinarians and horse own-

ers in that state who had observed simi-

lar results, the bulletin says: 3



“Our experiments have, thoroughly





demonstrated that millet, when used en-

tirely as a coarse food, is injurious to

horses: First, in producing increased ac-





tion of the kidneys. Second, in causing

lameness and swelling of the joints.

Third, in producing infusions of blood in

the joints. Fourth, in destroying the

texture of the bone, rendering it softer

and less tenacious, so that traction

causes the ligaments and muscles to be

torn loose.”



It is entirely probable that the results

noted in North Dakota as described

above were aggravated beyond the usual

effects of feeding millet, and that there

may be a difference in the seasons or in

the soil on which the millet it grown,

but these results should make every horse

owner use care in the feeding of millet,

especially about using it as an exclusive



(Continued on page 633).





 





 





MORE MONEY





GIVES *-





MORE SATISFACTION.





NO STOCK CAN THRIVE IF PESTERED

WITH LICE,T|CKS,MITES,FLEAS,

SCAB,MANGE,AND OTHER SKIN

DISEASES.

, TO CLEAN OUT THESE

‘PARASITES, GUARD AGAINST

‘ CONTAGIOUS DISEASES,

CLEANSE, PURIFY, AND

DEODORIZE. USE





BETTER THAN OTHERS,BECAUSE, IT IS





STANDARDIZED.





UNIFORM,DEPENDABLE,EFFICIENT. ONE



GALLON OF KRESO DIP NOJ MAKES 60



T0 I00 GALLONS OF SOLUTION(DEPEND|NG

UPON WHAT USE IS TO BE MADE OF IT.)





A REAL NECESSITY ABOUT

HORSES,CATTLE.SHEEP.SWINE,

DOGS. GOATS AND POULTRY.





FOR SALE BY ALL DRUGGISTS.

WRITE FOR FREE CIRCULARS. ASK FOR LEAFLET

DESCRIBING A NEW CEMENT HOG WALLOW IFYOU

' ARE INTERESTED.





 





 





Horse Owners Should Use

GOMBAULT’S





Caustic

Balsam





The Great French Veterinary Remedy.





A SAFE; SPEEDY MID

POSITIVE GIIIIE.





 

 

 





Prepared

exclusive-

117 by J. E.

Gombnu It

ex-Veteri-





Govern-

ment Stud





:3.‘ " ‘IN '. 44’ —





— t—gfi w p . .

SUPERSEDES ALI. OAUTERY OR FIRING

Impossible to roduce any scar or blemish. The

sat at out lister ever used. Takes the place

of nI lin mental or mi d or severe action. move.

all Bunches or Blemishes from Horses or Cattle.



As 3 HUMAN EMED for Rheuma ls

Sprains, Sore hroat, to..it ismvaiuabfa. m.

“E Gu‘nANTEE that one tablespoonful of



CAUSTIO BALSAM wil .



produco more actual results than a. who 0 bottle 0

any liniment or spavin cure mixture ever made.



bottle of Gaust c Balsam sold is Warren

tegggrgyive satisfaction. rice 8 1 .50 perpottle. Sol

by druggists. or sent. by express. charge}: paid, with tul

directions for its use. Send for descriptive circulars.

testimonials, etc. dress N

THE LAWRENCE-WILLIAMS 00., Cleveland. Ohio





MINERAL.

" \ l H EAVE

REMEDY





 

 

 





 





 

 

 

 





NEGLBC’I‘

IIIIII Iluin





Your Horse

Send to day





 

   

 





$3 PACKAGE





   

   





for only

“R“ANENT will cure any case or

money refunded.

8| PACKAGE ~

cures ordinary cases.

SAFE Postpaid on receipt of





 

   





Wfltolor descriptive booklet. £51» '4

"'"ml "Ian Bum-d1 co.. «a fourth Av... nmbum. Pa.





Will reduce inflamed. retrained.

swollen Tendons, Ligaments,

Muscles or Bruises, Cure the

ameness and stop ain from a

gpllnty Side Bone or one Bpavin.

o blister, no hair one. Horse can be

used . $2 a bottle eliverod. Describe

our case for special instructions and





col: 2 rec.



ABSORBINE, J R. the liniment for manklnd.

Reduces strained, torn ligaments enlarged glands,

Veins or muscles—heals ulcers—ailays pain. Price

31.00 a. bottle at dealers or delivered.





W.F.YOUNG. P.D. F.2681'emole St" Springfield. Moss.
632





VETERINARY





W

CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR. V. S.





Advice through this department is free

to our subscribers. Each communication

should state 'history and symptoms of the

case in full; also name and addiess of

writ 1r. Initials only will be published.

Many queries are answered that apply to

the same ailments. If this column is

watched carefully you will probably find

the desired information in a reply that

has been made to some one else. When

reply by mail is requested. it becomes

private practice, and a fee of $1.00 must

accompany the letter.





(4)





   





 





 





W'arts.-—I have a yearling heifers whose

neck is well COVered with warts. These

warts made their first appearance last

winter. D. D.. Grand Rapids. Mich.—

Give one teaspoonful powdered sulphur at

a dose in feed night and morning and

apply acetic acid once a day.





Impaction—Light Milken—One of our

cows came fresh three months ago; she

gave a large mess of milk for two





months, then she commenced giving much

less; now she gives only a quart or two

at each milking, but appears to be in

perfect health. F. L. C.. Holland Mich.

(live her 1 lb. doses of Epsom salts daily

until her bowels move freely, also give

1/_ oz powdered nitrate of potash at a

dose in feed twice a day. It is possible

that she holds up her milk.



Influenza—I have a calf ten weeks old

that has been dumpish for the past week;

shovvs an inflamed condition of eyes and

nostrils and has a poor appetite. B. H.,

Fairvicw, Mich—Give 5 grs. quinine at a.

dose three times a day and feed the colt

laxative food or grass.



Rickets.—I have a hog that was crippled

.when walking for some time and is now

running in pasture. This hog is fed some

corn and middlings with grass. C. E. R.,

Alamo, Mich.~Give your hog 10 grains

salicylate soda at a dose in feed three

times a day.



Abscess. —One week ago I wrote you

regarding a horse that had a bunch on

shoulder; since then it opened and dis-

charged pus; there is also anothe1 bunch

on opposite shoulder the size of a tea-

cup. Our local Vet. lan1 ed him. 1 would

like to know the best way to treat a case

of this kind. 0. P., Standish, Mich——

First of all, it is important to give the

horse rest, this removes the cause. Open

abscess and inject in Some peroxide-

hydrogen, then apply one part tincture

iodine and eight parts water, making two

or three applications only, then inject

abscess with one part carbolic acid and

20 parts water. or dissolve 1 oz. sugar of

lead, 31 ozs. sulphate of zinc and 1ij oz.

Farbohc acid in a quart of water and ap-

ply twice a day after using dyoxygen or

peroxide 113 drogen.



“’ind Gall—Blocked Quarter. ——I have

a two- -year— old colt that has a wind puff

which feels much like a bog spavin but

'it does not cause lameness. I also have

a cow that is troubled with a blocked

udder, only one quarter being affected.

H. A. 8., Milan, Mich—Apply one part

iodine and eight parts lard to puff every

two days and apply one part 11uid ex-

tract belladonna and two parts alcohol to

blocked udder twi1e a da3.



Thrush—Cracked Heels—I have a horse

that is troubled with thrush and another

that is troubled with scrat1hes.l1‘ R.,

Burt, Mich. —.\pply peroxide h3drogen to

suppurating f1og t33i1e a (1113; ten min-

utes after using it dust in 1alome1 then

apply a piece of oakum to keep out dirt

and your horse will soon get well. Kindly

understand that filth and wet is the

principal cause of thrush. Apply the fol-

lowing lotion to heels twice a 11:13: Dis-

solve 14 lb acetate of lead, 3 ozs sul—

phate of zinc and 2 ozs. of carbolic acid

in a gallon of water and you will find

this a useful remedy for cracked heels.



Asthma—Roarer. “Since last fall my 15-

311111-0111 horse has had a sort of ob—

strut ted breathing and shows it only

when exerted, but when allowed to stand

still two minutes he breathes almost nor—

mal. His health is seemingly not affect-

cd. C. \\'. \V., Remus, Mich—Your horse

has throat trouble: drugs will not relieve

him, but u surgi1al opeiation performed

by a (ompetent veterinarian might relieve

him ve1ymuc.h



Founder. w1 have a brood mare that

soon began to Show soreness and stiffness



:11‘1e1 she had her colt. She does light

1111111 and her colt is only three weeks

11111.E.M.Il l1‘lsie, Mich. ——-Give her a

dessertspoonful of nitrate of potash and

a traspoonful colchicum seed in feed

night and morning. Also apply one part

turpentine, one palt aqua ammonia and

113'? parts olive oil to coronets in front

ilnee times a week. If her feet are much

too hot, stand her in wet clay one hour

night and morning.



Bunch on Fetlock.——Last winter my

four- y-ear old mare cut her fetlock. the

joint swelled badly and a bunch giew in

wound, now the joint is swollen and a

bunch where. wound healed. I might say

that nearly all the stocking in joint goes

down when she has exercise. .1, M,

Dryden, Mich—Give horse 1 dr. iodide

potassium at a dose in feed twice a day.

Also apply iodine ointment to joints three

times a week.



Indigestion——Asthma.—My cow was in

good condition last spring and gave a

good big flow of milk; now she gives a

pint at each milking. She breathes

short and quick. Our local Vet. says she

has either wolf in the tail or hollow horn

and he bled her, but she is no better. J.

C. 13., Standish, Mich. ——No such ailments

as wolf in tail and hollow horn; it is a

condition. the result of other ailments.

Give her 1 oz. fluid extraCt gentian, 1 oz.



fluid extract clnchona and 2 drs. fluid

extract lobelia at a dose in a pint of

water as a drench three times a day.





Without Risking





We Take All The Risk, And Protect

You With Ii $1000 Guarantee Bond





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





that can’t be cured,





OIICC.





Rollovu 01m Formal-U

Gonddmd lncurablo

No matter how long your‘horse hos boon lnmo, or when

file nature of his lameness, you can absolutely rely upon

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where owners have paid out big fees and had valuable animals

tortured redwith “firing, " “ blistering" and other good-fornothing

methods and as a last resort tried Mack’s Cl, 000 Spnvln

Kennedy, and were amazed at the painless, positive, quick

Ind permanent cure.





”only Every Moll Brings Us Lotto"

Hire the Following:



"The remedy you sent me cured the two horses that the hoof

was coming OH. The mule 3 foot was nearly of when I gotth

medicine, but' in live days the mule was able to walk on it. The

horses are working c3ery day, and have been since using your

remedy the third day. it. is the best medicine I ever saw for tho'

foot. Our Vet said those horses would not be able to work in 12

months, but he sees his mistake now. I recommend your medi-

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Ludowici, Goqbcc. 7,191 COLLINS.





"I am pleased to tell you that MACK 's'l‘lounun Dom." Suns

Rxnnnr has proved fu- beyond my ex us. My horse had

been lame with side bonneon each side of foot for about eighteen

months, and I had “ “ of ,hlm u’ ‘times.

I tried to work him but he would go so had he would hop along

on time logs. My neighbors bold mo he would never be of any

use as they had had horses with the some trouble. I tried other

remedies without success, but am working him now and he is

sound, and have tested him well. I recommend your ‘Ihcx's

31,000 SPAVIN Rxlnov' to all." Your! brul ,



Summerlaud, ll. 0., Doc. 4, 1910. B. [I STEWART.





Your Broads! Will 0Maln Mack's



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if you ask him. Price $5.00 per bottle. If he refuses, remit 85

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stated in our guaranty.





McKAllOR DRUG ODMPAN

Distributor. Bil-mm, N. Y.





' at





The ‘ ‘PEER-HO” assortment of

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United States. You can get a 11;

style with price to correspon





We particularly recommend the “PEER.-

HC” Uneeda. Nets. These are durable.

nightly and well fitted. The lashes will

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If your dealer does not have them. we -

will send him our descriptive list and

will be glad to send one to you also. ./





Pierson & llooghCosoaam /





 





 





 





for lions, Sheep 11 Cattle



Milk Ollie the best and cheap-



est. destroys absolutely scab.



t1cks.llce.mltesetc. lGaIlon



makes 100 Gallons most effec-



tive disinfectant. Get our 28



page Catalog—free for the oak-



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F. S. BURCH & CO.



64 W. Illinois St" Chicago- Ill.





   

 

 

 

   

 

   

 





Implo-





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mencm. Wagon and

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Waiter-proof]:





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Plant. Bed Clot h. Water-proof Sheetingn, etc

HENRY DERBY.123 L Chambers 8"... New York.





HEAVES





Ol'

V38.





OUR! GUARANTEED.

Dr. Frank's Remedy 00.. Detroit.

Mich.. will tell you how FREE.

Write postal today.





 





Rldnllng Oluklllon I Spool-My.

Write for circular. Work gunrnn-

teed or no pay. Am a graduate of

Farmer Miles School of Veterinary

Surgery HINRVH. PEIRV.V. S.

I. F. D. No.1. Moroncl. Mich.





PIGS F OR SALE.





I keep about 2400 cholera proof brood

sows and am selling fine grade





Yorkshire, Poland-China, Dunc and

Tamworth Weanod Pig. at $3 each.

ALVAH BROWN'S'PIG FARM,

GRAND RAPIDS. MICH.





 

 

 

 

 





 





BREEDEIIS’ DIRECTORY.

cxrruz.

Holstein l-‘rlesiu Callie—(1?"ILL ”hunt,“





uy Mercedes. w. n. JONES. on acm.m§1'1ohmn. an'





 





 





 





 





(lure Thai Lame Horse





A Penny





E want to show you that there isn't

any affliction causing lameness in horses





no matter how long standing. We will do





/\ this for you absolutely free. Fill out the “ Free Diagnosis Coupon "

1’, _ and send it to us at once.





It means money to you to relieve your horse of its misery at

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his market value. Write to us. Get our “Free

Diagnosis. " You paid good money for him when





he was sound. What is he worth to you now. or

anyone else when he has a Spavin. or Rinzbone.

.Thorouz'hpin. Curb. Capped Hock. Shoe Boil. Sprung

Knee. Ruptured Tcndons. Sweeny. or any one of a

hundred different causes of lameness that your horse

might be heir to. You know that he isn‘t worth 50

per cent, no—nor 25 per cent of his original value.





ing or Inma-

nou occurs,

then clip out

coupon and

mail to us with

a letter, telling

what caused

the lameness,

how long horse





 

 

 





'0 will tell you Jud who: the lunch...

I‘ll.” “quickly. All-clutch new

Free Book “Home Sense”



Send us the Free Diagnosis Coupon, got absolutely

free a copy of our book ”Horse Senso.’ Describe: and

illustrates disease of horsos' limbs, shows correct name

for every part of ham and tells valuable fact- every

horse owner ought to know.





ABERDEEN-ANGUS.





Herd consisting of Trojan Ericns. Blackbirds and

Prides, only. is headedb 3' n .a Trojan 1‘ rice.

by Black Woodlawn. sire of t. 6 Grand Cham ion shoot

and bull at the International in Chicago, ec. ., 1910

He is assisted by Undulata Blackbird Ito



WOODCOTE STOCKF ARM. Ionic, lulcll.





TOP NOTCH HOLSTEINS





Top Notch registered young Holstein Bulls com

hining in themselves the blood of cows which now

hold and have in the past. held World' a Re1ords for

milk and butter fat at faiN‘pricea.



MCPHERSON FAR S 00.. Howell. Mich.





311 is 0110111 Holstein flows





as you will find an3where in Ohio or Michi



hope 60 sell 15 before Alfalfa haying time. fou can



have your choice of one u- 15. A to on good bulls and



bull calves. L. E. CONNELL. Fayette. Ohio.



"ULSTE|"_FRIES|A" Cattle and Dnroc Jersey swine.

Bull calves for Halo from A. ll.





0. Cows. E. R. CORNELL. Howell. Michigan.





IIOLSTEIN BULL CALVESA F‘“ S.“'1‘i”.il.§%2’





Sire has 75% of the blood of the sire oAi’ Grme F1131“)

2ndsHomestcad. E. COLLIER... Fowlerville. Mich.





”bs.-ram





 





 





 





 





 





' ~Cousnith 111112111111 and 25- lb. do

HOlSlefln Blullihzind‘fllgenfrrvgld DolKol as g Bgire. ms

two or ess an ‘ so more at bar «in rices.

EONG BEACH FARM, Augusta, KuianiazogCo. .pMich.





FOR SALE—Reg. St. Lambert Jerseys.

Cows and Bulls from high

producing sto1k C. A. BRIS’IHOL Fenton. Michigan.





OR SALE—Holstein Bull 2 years old $125. Bull

Calves 6 mon tbs to 1 year $50 to $100. Bred heifers

$150 to $2110. Oldest herd in Ind. Send for Photos and





Pedigrees, W. C. Jackson. 715 Rex St. South Bend. Ind.





—B h

HEREFORDS 10°: ”1.164932% “13.13535





China. hogs. ALLEN BROS. Paw Paw, Mich.





BUTTER BRE JEi‘SYKSli’EELS

CRYSTAL SPRING STOCK FARM.

Silver Creek. Allegan County. Michigan.





——R

11111er BULLS m.11..nges:mr;1ast‘ss

Prices right. W. E. SHELDON. Litchfleld. Mich.





LlLLlE FARMSTEAD JERSEYS

1111:1111 BULLSlV‘d” Sign“ St L No 58197.





Jubilee' s Foxhall, No. 82299.

Bul‘lngacllvtias sired by thesgt reatibulls. fand out of

up on a ry cows. many 0 on 11 best or register

merit. Also a few heifers and heifer calves for

5310. Write for md‘escription and prices. Satisfaction

‘4mnteed.o ney refu n.ded

COLON C. mLnlLLIE. Coopersvllle, Michigan.





 





 





 





 





 





 





Register oi Merit Jerseys. 32:3 fl...





lot of m3young bulls from dams: with ofioial records

ngn. s 1!me of utrte.

. Bay City. Mlchlgan.





DAIRY Sll0llTll0llNS °‘ "N ”“3191“?





Families.



Felghoid mg 1000511118 ikepth A young bull 5 fifimontd“ old

so e am 0 re as ave a per



12510.4 moo. w. w. Knapp. u. D. tgv’v‘ltonll’e‘i" Mich





EGISTERED JERSEYS For Sale—Some combin-

blood 0N1: Louis and Chicago World'-

Fair (Kanpur:- by HERMAN HARMB, Reese, Mich,





earl .v





1‘: _ '

JUNE 17,’ 1911.





F0“ SALE—Choice Shorthorna Cow due July 10, also

l,‘ohowloes doublest old 0110 ed Dur-

ham Bull. L. BUT HERLA .Oxford. Mich.





Dairy Bred Shoflhornsfmhfnalmp‘w“

cachet-good nose. J. B. Hummel. coon. Mich.

F O R SA LE‘ESEififitnsl‘eifli?





akin. JOHN SCHMIDT. 11. No.4 4Beed City. Mich

SHEEP.

and Polled





Oxford-Down Sheep Durham 1

cattle forsale. A.Dn GARMO. Muir. Mich.





«Good Yearlin 11191113



OXfOl'd Down Shee Rams and ewes (81f. all age! 2



for sale. I. R. WATEBB RY. Highland. Michigan.



' —I have 100 ewee.amon them



Reg Rmbo‘ulkts all of my youngest a host.



also fi ewe and ram lambs. Live 2% miles east of

Mon-loo on G. '1‘. Road. Address J. Q. A.





COOK.

H008.





Dnroc: & Violoriasfi':fi'§.‘2,é.§ :2; “‘1’,

Winners. M. T. SYTOB 248. Lowe!





BERKSHIRE nos smugglers; “.1:





Longfellow families—the world's best breeding

Price 815. 0.1) .DWOO BURY. Lansing. Michigan.





BERKS-HIRES‘Ze‘ili‘fe ”thinks: I





prices. H. W. WIGMAN. Lansing..Mlc n.





 





 





 





Bonn; 6 Gilts

from Prize

Michlsnll.





' —Ten gilm bred to the wonderful Duke L

BCFkSlllms Pontiac Chief, to furrow in Ap :1 or Me





No better breeding. C. 8. Bartlett Pontiac, Mic.

boar pigs. exec-lent





BERKSHIRE-(359.523.2311.. breed





passed. Price $15. E.Y New Haven. Mich.





ERKSHIRE Yearling sow bred for July furrow.

also two full G)ilts and choice lot of March furrow-

ed. (Pigs eith. sex.) A.Pattullo. Decker-ville. Mich.





DAMS 3305.. Litchfield. Mich, breeder- of Imp. Chester

White and Tamworth swine. service hours. lows bred or

open. of either breed. Shorthoru Cattle. Buff Bock. Bufl Wynn-

dotte. W. Orpington, Ckls. all breeding stock lending winner:





0 l c SWIMC_Bredw slits. males l>v179ighin

bs. Pir co on

right. Geo. P. Andrews. Dansv1lle, lngham 00..





from

mill?





0 I. C -—Mnrch gigs with quality and best podi-

C J rder now and get first choice.





HOMPSON. Rockford. Michigan.



9 —Best unlit , lar wth ,



0010C S For Sale type.qeithe¥ sensepfirrgnot y '



akin, some fineB bred ilt choice lot of fa l pigs all

ages. OTTO 80





UL E. Nashville. Michigan.

CHESTER WHITE





—Sold out but

still in the

business of 111131 Cheaters and Holstein

Both Phones. .0 W.ILSON Okemos, Mich





tele. .



FOR SALE—Three Cheater White Boers

right. in every way. fax-rowed.

Jau.15th. Dam.n Grand Champion and sired by

The Victor, winner of nine first prizes. Address.

BONNIE BRAE FARM. Algonac. Michigan. .

o ' 0’s. Bred sows all sold. 93 choice Mar. 1t Agril

farrowed pi? either-sex pairs not. akin of



n buyers name. Fred ickel. Ii. No.1. Monroe. Mi





0.1. 0. March Pigs and 803113 to 1.4.0:;

H. W. CLARK 11. F D. 4 Brighton, WM





0 '- cl —All ages 25 young and 2 yearli F

5' counts, on e in pig. Price for 3 sho

time 822 to 830. H. JUMP Munith. Michigan.





0. I. 0 -—Choice registered pigs 81.0 tolfllwoeks '

- old, from World's Fair Winners

Gleuwood Stock Farm. Zeelaud, Mich. (Phones-1)





0 l 0 Choice Spring Pigs.L .1... £0.19...“ and

getfirst choice. Al shi grove dkefi'

HARRY T. Bg‘AND Y. “MI





§CIT

-—My herd is chieil

0. I. c. SWINEL descent of the Royal

strain bothw males and females. Get. my price before ,

you buy. Will re inter free of charge in purchaser's

name. A. J. GO DEN. R. No. ..Dorr Michigan.





Unfoc JersefisA For Sale—A few sows bred for





sumBmer far-rowing and Spring1

pigs both sex.





A,Y Okemoe, Michigan.

DURoc-JERSEYs-gmm'asi‘





sale. CAREY U. EDMONDS. Hastings, Michigan.





DuRoc —% Bred Bows. ofhi h uality. 10 ‘





Excellent Bears reao 31‘3 or service.

'75 Full Pigs both sex. Write or and

J. C. BARNEY. COLDWA'I‘ER.c oMICHIGAN.





1)]?le RFFD Duroc Pigs For Sale—About 5 months

old 31 eight about 100 1111-1. Express charges prepaid.

HAWKS 1i: HAWKS. Goshen, Ind.





either sex. Pairs not





(li3e us an order.





' ' —P. (1.80an ready for service. fall

Ba r alns lzmar KEYS. Prize winning Arrican

& Embden Geese. Z. NE.





Three ‘Oaks. Mich.

POLAND-CHINAS'fiSJl." 1'3:





spring pigs. WOOD & SONS. Saline. Michigan.

Fall 11 o w s.





Lsgl‘ing Pigs September fariow Write





Barnes A: Son. Byron. Shlawasaee Co. , Mich.





l PAY THE EXPRESS ”n ”U300 JERSEY





_ Bred Sows, Bonrs and

Pigs. JOHN H. BANGHART. Lansing, Michigan.

B3 Next In Line. 32 spring male pigs Iready to shift





I ship 0. D. and furnish pedigree promptly

3ou want good as the best. write me for prices.





WM. WAFFLE, Coldw‘ater, Michigan.





utler' s l1 amous Wonders—The big Poland- China.

without a peer combining. size, bone, unlity.

We' re head uarters for ever3thing in Poland- inns.

Herd boars, )rood sows, weanling pigs. always for sale.

Registered Jerse3 Bulls of all 11 05 for sale our rices

are low. J C. Butler. Portlan Mich. Bell P one.





BIG TYPE POLAND CHINA BOARS. also fall and

early sopring B'Y‘igs B. Rock eggs 3]. (llpe r.l§

NEVE.





Pierson, Michigan.

ARGE TYPE P. C. Largest in Mich. Sept.‘

pigs weigh 1250 to 30018ired by two largest

bears and from] nrgest sowsb 8in State. Com mane dose

and be convinced. E. Livingston. Par-ma, Mich.





FOR SALEB PURE EDYORKSHIRE PIGS.





re.nsonable





MlllllllY-WllEllMll in. All lllllllll, If“.





Lillie Farmstead Yorkshires‘fii’loi'fl

Oak Lodgeb lood predominates. Large Bord. Thrice





 





 





either sex.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Coopemvillo. Midi.

to madvertinn not a "flow

tritium-“1MichiganJ In".





 





writ!

Vonr





 





 





l W“





 





’





 





y
{new m .-

p





WM' —





'be to, stop the hemorrhage.





 





 





 





JUNE . 17, 1911.





(Continued from page 631).

roughage ration for horses. In all of

these cases where bad results followed

the feeding of millet it was used as the

exclusive ration for a considerable length

of time, and where, it is fed at all this

should not be done, especially if any

deleterious symptoms become apparent.

No unfavorable results have, however,

ever been noted from the feeding of mil-

let hay to other farm animals.



The common millet is most generally

used for a forage crop in this state, al-

though the_German and Japanese inillcts

are grown to some extent. Millet is us—

Ually seeded during the last days of May

or the first of June, at the rate of about

one-half bushel per acre. The plant does

best on rich, well drained sandy loam,

and poorest on heavy, wet soils. For

sowing this late in the season the com—

mon variety, which is smaller and ear-

lier than the others mentioned, will be

most suitable.





WIRE CUTS.





 





 





Farm animals are frequently cut with

wire. ”When the injury is severe it will

pay to employ a veterinarian to dress the.

wound. “There the services of a compe-

tent veterinarian can not be obtained,

the farmer will have to handle the case

himself, and this advice is for the farmer

in this predicament.



The first thing to get right is the cor-

rect point of view. By this I mean to

remember that remedies used are for

the purpose of assisting nature and not:

to cure the disease. This thought. if kept

in mind, will eliminate innumerable nos-

trums, suggested by enterprising neigh-

bors, and insure an opportunity for the

wound to heal without harmful intcrfer—

ence. \‘i‘e are still much interested in

the “fountain of perpetual youth,” and

in the realm of medicine the laity are

groping blindly in the dark, seeking the

“where” instead of thoughtfully inquiring

the “why." -



The ordinary wound will heal if not

interfered with. This interference may

be from germs, parasites, meddling with

the wound, on the part of the man or the

animal itself.



The first thing to do, of course, would

This can be

acc‘pmplished by a tight bandage of clean,

white muslin, applied either .over the

wound or above it. A thread may be run

under the artery by using a needle, and

tied. Do not use flour, dirt, cobwebs or

anything of that sort on the wound; they

are unnecessary and may produce a dan—

gerous infection. ’



Having checked the bleeding, remove

the clots of blood and cut off the ragged

edges of tissue with clean shears. A pan

of antiseptic solution should be provided.

Place the knife, shears, etc., in this so-

lution, and wash the hands before be-

ginning to dress the wound. See that

there is good drainage from the wound

and do not tie the wound up with cover-

ing of any'kind.



In about one week it may be- well to

change to dry dressing. In the meantime

it will be well to get in communication

with some veterinarian who will advise

you in the case from this time on.



I did not mention sewing up the wound

for the reason that in ragged cuts it is

better not to do so.



Remember that the principal thing is

to get the wound healthy at the start and

then it will heal with very little inter-

ference.



Col. Agri. College. G. H. CLOVER.





FOOT ROT IN SHEEP.





 





Not every case of foot lameness in

sheep is due to foot rot, but in the ma-

jority, where the whole or a large pro-

portion of the flock exhibit signs of lame-

ness and disintegration of foot structure,

and especially where it commences be-

tween the claws, the disease is specific.



The indications then are the prompt

removal from the flock and isolation of

those first found affected, and the treat-

ment of the feet of the remainder to de-

stroy the virus and protect them against

infection, which is known to take place

through the skin between and round the

claws.



The usual method of treatment in cases

of foot rot is to pare the hoof of the af-

fected sheep, which is often done a great

deal too freely, and to apply a dressing

of some proprietary or home-made prep-

aration. An example of the latter is a

mixture of equal parts of butyr of anti-

mony and compound or aloetic tincture

of myrrh, applied on a feather, after all

overgrown, loose, underrun, or decayed

horn has been removed. It is, however,





‘I -.. n;





- THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





most desirable to avoid. over-paring, as

the too drastic use of the knife results in

the springing up of profuse fungoid gran-

ulations from the denuded surface which

are difficult to repress.



It is essential to remove all loose horn

and give free vent to pus, but equally es-

scntial to preserve all born that is sound.

‘\\'here, however, the flock is of any con-

sidcrable size, individual treatment is a

troublesome and costly business, and

something of a. wholesome character is

desirable. It is not only slow but labori-

ous work to treat each foot separately,

but as it. entails turning the sheep more

or less on its back, it cannot be good for

the animal, and in the case of ewes in

lamb, is probably a. fruitful source of

abortion.



The following. summary of directions

may be of service:



Bath of wood or concrete, 16 feet long

and eight inches wide, (12 inches is un-

necessarily wide), sides sloping out, ends

three inches deep, provided with cross

pieces or grooves to prevent slipping, side

fenccs close boarded and to slope out so

as to admit sheep walking easily through.



Solution to consist of one pound copper

sulphate in one gallon of water, or, if

prcvcntion only is aimed at, half this

strength. Time to be allowed for thor-

ough solution. Copper sulphate to be

bought under a guarantee of 98 per cent

purity, and, if possible, to be powdered,

not in large crystals.



Sheep, if badly affected, to have hoofs

pared before the animals are put through

the. bath. A day when the grass and soil

are dry to be selected.



Sulphate of copper and most substances

used being poisonous, a cover for the bath

to prevent the stock drinking the solu-

tion is an advantage. In any case, the

bath must be well fenced in.



If ewes with lambs at foot are treated

they should bc put through very quietly,

to prevent the solution getting on to the

teats, and thus into the mouths of the

lambs.



The solution should be of sufficient

depth to cover the feet as the sheep are

driven through it.



To prevent the sheep from jumping out

of the trough it is necessary to place

hurdles at the sides.



Another method of treating foot rot on

a. large scale is by driving the sheep over

a, floor thickly strewn with powdered

quicklime, but this offers no advantages

over the employment of a sulphate of

copper or arsenical solution.



Canada. W. R. GILBERT.





LIVE STOCK NOTES.



Reports from \Vyoming are that grass

is unusually good on the ranches, and

lambing is on a large scale. As the ewes

have an abundance of choice grass, they

are well supplied with milk, and this

helps to make the lambs develop very

fast. The season is far in advance of a

year ago.



Western packing goes forward at the

rate of 560,000 hogs a week, compared

with 455,000 a year ago, and since March

1 to latest accounts western packers had

slaughtered 6,825,000 hogs, showing a

gain of 2,000,000 hogs compared with a

year ago and of 555,000 compared with

two years ago.



Many cattle that should be fed from one

to two months longer are coming to mar-

ket, their owners being uneasy regarding

the future, and many have to be sold for

prices not very much higher than are

paid for good feeders. Where owners

have plenty of pasture lands and corn,

such cattle should be kept back until

they become fat.



Small herds of cattle are now the rule

in southwestern South Dakota, most of

the former big concerns having gone out

of business, now that there is no room

left to pasture their stock. They sold off

their cattle last year, and there will be

a very small supply for marketing this

year. The few cattle left came through

the winter in good condition, the season

having been wonderfully mild and devoid

of snow. It will not be long before a.

man owning as many as 500 head of cat-

tle will be a rare exception.



The heavy losses of hogs in transit for

the Chicago market during the recent hot

weather is causing country shippers to

use. more caution in marketing such live

stock. Such weather in May was never

seen before and in addition to the many

big, heavy old sows that died in the

cars, there were many that died after be—

ing unloaded at the stock yards. When

extremely heavy hogs are shipped to

market owners should select as cool a

time as possible.



‘Travelers in Texas report a transforma-

tion scene in the cattle feeding industry

of that enormous state, many ranchers

owning high-grade Hereford, Shorthorn

and Angus cattle. These cattle in many

instances are superior in quality to the

average of the cattle owned in such states

as Illinois. Indiana and Iowa, the breed-

ing-up process having been going on

steadily for years, and this applies es-

pecially to the region Within 100 miles of

Fort Worth. The Texas cattle feeders

have one great advantage over feeders

in the middle west, for they can fatten

cattle much more cheaply by feeding cot—

tonseed and hulls at home cost, without





 





paying for long freight hauls. Grass, is

excellent, and the cattle are given cot-

tonseed meal on grass once daily.‘ Good

land can be purchased in that region for

$40 to $45 an acre.



For the next few weeks plenty of beef

cattle are assured for the market, of the

country, and this is true of the east, as

well as of the west, as Pennsylvania and

other eastern states have been feeding

unusually large numbers. Kentucky and

other western sections are feeding a. great

many cattle at- the big distilleries, and

many of these have been contracted by

packers and eastern slaughterers. In the

course of a few weeks the southwestern

grass cattle will be headed marketward,

and later there will be supplies.from

northwestern ranges, but these Will be

scarcer than in former years.



The consumption of smoked hog meats

is now on a large scale, while there is

a liberal demand for fresh pork products.

The southern demand for cured hog meats

is steadily growing, and liberal quantities

are going across the water to European

countries, especially to England. The

best hog sellers are those on the bacon

order, these being scarce. Keeping back

hogs after they weigh much over 225 lbs.

seems to be. bad policy.



Sheep and lamb feeders have been a

good deal taken back by the Wild fluc-

tuations that have taken place in values

in recent weeks. Conditions have changed

materially, and now that most of the

h’lichigau and Ohio fed stock has been

marketed. slaughterers are obliged to de-

pend mainly upon spring lambs and stock

fed on grass. Southern spring lambs are

being marketed in fast increasing volume.





The wool trade has shown marked im-

provement recently, and some good sized

transactions are reported at various

points. Clips have been sold in V‘Vyoming

for lOfllSl/gc per pound for inferior to

prime grades. In contrast to the light

wool of a year ago. the \Vyoming spring

clip is heavy this year. The Nevada clip

has been marketed at lflrfi‘ltic, and some

trading is reported at l2€ll4c in southern

Colorado. Perhaps half of the wool in

the Soda Springs district of Idaho has

been contracted before being shorn, at

l5f/il7c, largely at 160. Medium wool is

bringing 15c in Ohio.



C A. Tyler, secretary of the American

Hampshire Sheep Association, believes

that Michigan farmers should raise far

more sheep instead of depending on other

parts of the country for feeding lambs,

and he believes that trying to produce

mutton and wool from the same animal

is not profitable. He adds that alfalfa

should be. grown, and that with more

clover and alfalfa hay and less corn, mut-

ton production will cost less.



Texas breeders of leading beef breeds

of cattle have had a large demand for a

year past from Texas, as well as from

Alabama, Louisiana and Mississippi, for

pure-bred sires. Many southern farmers

realize that constant crop production has

seriously injured their lands and that the

time has come when stock feeding is

imperatively necessary to restore the land

to its former productiveness. Stockers

and feeders in the south, as well as in

other parts of the country, are command-

ing very high prices, and farmers find

that breeding and maturing cattle is the

right thing to do.



A Chicago grain and provision commis-

sion firm that does a. heavy business on

the Board of Trade of that city, especially

in provisions, calls attention to the recent

enormous exports of lard and other hog

products. ”Last week‘s lard exports

were double those of a. year ago,” the

firm says, ”and the bacon exports were

almost three times as large as at the

same time last year. At this rate it is

taking around 400,000 hogs a week that

must come to this and other markets to

supply the export demand for lard, let

alone the domestic trade. It is safe to

say that such a tremendous volume has

never been equaled at this season of the

year and it has seldom been equaled at

any season, and the whole business, as

we view it, is on the most legitimate and

competitive basis. It is a natural condi-

tion growing out of two years of high

prices and scarcity, and we believe, With

these prices, or even a cent a pound

higher, trade will continue to expand.

The New York reports for the last week





. on lard exports give over 50 foreign ports





to which lard was shipped, and this

leaves out all other Atlantic ports, but

shows the almost universal demand for

American lard.”



Ranchers in Arizona and other parts

of the. southwest are developing these

semi-arid tracts of territory, and many

are raising angora goats, which are ex-

tremely useful for clearing the land of

brush. These goats feed on the dry

brush of the desert and cost nothing for

feed, while their long, silky hair brings

from 30 to 40 cents per pound. They are

sheared twice a year, while their meat

and milk are said to be of superior

quality.



Early in May, J. II. Bonderson, of

Nebraska, who is a. fanciei of Hereford

cattle, as well as a progressive farmer

and stock feeder, marketed in Chicago 40

head of coming three-year—old Herefords

and Shorthorns of 1,404—lbs. average at

$6.50 per 100 lbs., the highest price paid

in that market since the middle of April.

The steers were put in the feed lot Oct.

15, and made a fine gain in weight on

ear, snapped and shelled corn, with clover

hay as roughness, with some oats for

about six weeks.



The opening of the grass season has

been arousing many farmers to a deter-

mination to utilize their luxuriant pas-

turage in grazing stock, and country buv-

ers in the Chicago market have been p11}-

chasing a good many good-mouthed cows

bidding against canner and cutter buy:

ers, and at times going so far as‘to en-

croach on the killers’purchases f th

fieshier r d 0 e



g a es of both cows and heifers

There has'been a demand for backward

cows showmg beef strains.





r





 





Hay Press

YOU Want





4. Write postal for all facts. Let us prove

Ohio" Superiority. It’s the balcr you

want because it is simplevpowcrful-cflicicm;

non-breakable Feeder mounted on rocker shaft.

Automatic relief spring clutch takes up all strain

in heavy charges; smooth and silent action—no

jar—no jerks. Speed up to 35 Strokes per minute.

The only Press made with Automatic Block Drop-

per—controlled by foot button-givcs you free use

of both hands—prevents accident or injury to oper-

ators~avoids delays because you don‘t miss feeds.

Capauty Practically Unlimited

Friction clutch pulley keeps the "Ohio" under perfect

control—starts and stops it quick. Get our free book

and study the

details of these

and other val-

uable features.

Write postal

now.

Address.

The Ohio

Cultivator Co.

106 OhioSL





Bellovue.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





/%_

THE PAPEC ,





\\§\\.\.

\\\\§§$l\\ .





Here’s the only blower ensilage

/ cutter that can be depended upon to

do good work under all conditions.

PAPEC ENSILAGE

PNEUMATIC CUTTER

Cuts and elevates silage with less

power than any other cutter. Easy

to set up and operate; no wood to

twist and warp; elevates over 50 feet

without clogging. Write for booklet,

“How to Prepare Ensilage," FREE.

"PEG MCHIIE co., Box 50, Shortsvlllo. I. Y.

Distributing Points:

‘ Toe do. Ohio. Columbia. Ohio.

Ihdinnapolls. Indiana.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





' KILLS ALL T ‘

0M: llll’l’lNG





' 84 years experience prove truth of this -

ptatement. Every tick and nit absolutely

destroyed it you use





 

   





 





 

 





 





Cooper Dip





The only dip that kills ALL ticks In ONE dipping—

Coorper's is surescab destroyer. Increases growth

and improves quality of wool. Perfect skin tonic.

Results considered is cheapestdip on market. U



on 800 million sheep annually. Handsome Colon-

“L522.”3€"‘i’i trimaraaras -



3 K D K D -

m "the 25%;” "M ws

. ER & N‘EPHE

64 W. Illinois Street Chicago. I'll.





ENWTON’S HéAVE

“ffifidfififigfifim





‘ .; can Is guaranteed to cure

' - ' ormoney refunded. ‘





   

   

   

 





 

   





 





 





 

   





( \ . \vt‘13;\?, '

\\\;““‘ ' «17‘ ‘Z





   

 

 





 





The Standard ate Rem d .

«use Strong and Willing Wirz.

CURES HEAVES BY CORRECTING THE CAUSE

whine]: Io Indigo-non. Send for booklet “Horse Troub.

Ies. 531““ fully about the Wind, Throat, Stomach

and BI . Newton aissafetoroolt, adultor mareinfoal

I] gig”!!! COHIIIJIIIIIIEIR MID WORM EXPELLEI



. a can a on on, or ex recs to aid

THE NEWTON REMEDY 003 T013110? Ohio





Write for Ensilage Facts





Why you should feed silage,and why you should





cut it '

Wm, Blizzard Ensulage Cutter

which saves one man’s time and wages. Runs on

least power. Has improved wind elevator, adjust-

able knives, self—feed table. Wears longest Is

guaranteed. ’ Write for ”Evidence" and "Why

Silage Pays.’ Latest analog includedif you will

ask forit. 131?.Alll fgee. A postal card

- _. .1 {raw ll rin them. W

' today. 3 rite

Jos. Dick

Manufacturing

Company

3" 1439']. Tuscanwu SI.

Canton. Ohio





H A R R IS

STEEL CHAIN HANGING





WOODLINED





S TAN c H l 0 N S

; AND SANITARY STEEL STALLS.





,- Send for our catalog which shows

’ photographs of some of the most up-

to-date burns in the country. You

will be convinced that. we make the

very best there is at the lowest price.





'I'IIB HARRIS MFG. COMPANY

316 Cleveland Ave.,Salem, Ohio_
Kcepthc

{Spa wows

v gout of you P





' Barn Door HANGER





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





. Be rid of these pests and end

your hanger troubles [or all time

by using





Louden’s

Bird Proof Hangers





. Barn Door





Always on the job—can't be clogged

in any way, by bird’s nests, trash,

snow, sleet or ice.



It's the only DOUBLE FLEXIBLE Barn Door

Hanger made—its track is flexibly bung to the wall

and swings out. releasing all accumulated trash.



Made of the best steel, absolutely rust-proof,

and will give a life-time of perfect service.



Modernlze YOUR barn with Louden's

Perfect Barn Bquipmenta—Louden's Junior Hay

Carrier and Balance Grapple Fork: Louden's Feed

and Litter Carriers: and London's Sanitary Steel

Stalls and Stanchions. They are all money makers

on every farm. See them at your dealer's. If he

hasn’t them write direct to us.



Catalog and valuable booklets sent Fan it

you send us your dealer's name. Write today.





Louden Machinery Co.,

003 Broadway.

EAIIFIELD. lOWA.





   

 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





AMERICAN





SEPARATOR





This Offer Is No Catch!





It is a solid. fair and

sq uare pro sition to

furnish a bran new, well

made and well finished

cream separator complete.

sub ect to a long and

in ly anteed, for

315.95. t akima one

q u a r t of m i l k f

minute, warm_ or cold ,

makes heavy or light cream

and does it just as well

an higher priced machine. Designed to

d rlea, hotels. restaurants and private

families. Different from this picture, which

illustrates our large capacity machines. An;r

boy or girl can run it. The crank is onl 0

inches long. Just think of that! The bow is

a sanitary marvel, easily cleaned. and em-

bodiesall our latest improvements. Gears run

in anti-friction bearings and are thoroughly

protected. Before you decide on a cream

separator of any capacity whatever, obtain our

815.95 proposxtlon. Our own (the manufac-

turer's) twenty-year guarantee protects you_ on

every American Separator. .We_ ship im-

mediately. Whether your dairy is large or

smtalll, write us and obtain our handsome free

ca a





o . Address,

AMERICAN summit co. “manage...“





8





 





REQUIRED WITH ORDER



We would sooner convince the buyer that

his money was well invested before asking

him to give it up.We only ask youto give our





goods a chance to sell themselves. They are

made so good they prove themselves a good

investment without the aid of salesmen.





ROS SILOFILLING





MACHINERY





is not an experiment.“ is backed by Cl years’

experience—more experience than any other

machinery of its kind that is made. It is

known in almost every dairy and intensive

farming district in the U. 8., and outside of

machines themselves, their owners are their

best sdvortlsements~our best salesmen.



Our large catalog tells a moat interesting story



about Enailage Cutting and Silo Filling machin-



ery. It is free. Write for it.



We also manufacture the Ross Silo



E. W. ROSS 00.30: 14 Springfield, Ohio





 





 





THE INDIANA AND OHIO





Live Stock insurance Co.





The pioneer and leader in live stock insurance.

200,000 Paid-up Capital.

h as mules and cattle against death from

Ixhsnlierfaugells Spool 30-da fouling policies issued.

ct us show you w y you can’t afford

to be without live stock insurance.





Home Office, 180 Main St. Crewiordsville, Ind

ALWAYS mention the MICIIGAN rum





 





 





L THE" DAIRY :3





AAA-LAW

CONDUCTED BY COLON C. LILLIE.





 





 





THE GRADING OF CREAM.





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





product handled under sanitary condi-

tions.

lee Houses and the Use of Ice.





The storage of ice can be made profit-

able in many parts of the country by

using it to keep milk and cream in bet-

ter condition.’ Wherever the natural pro-

duct can be secured the cost of storing





it; so small that no one need be without





Education of the Farmer.





(Concluded from last week).



It has been urged that inspectors be

sent through the country to instruct the

farmers in the care of milk and cream.

This, however, would involve much ex-

pense, and would likely result in but lit-

tle good. Through the dairy districts,

such as Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Illi-

nois, Michigan, Ohio, etc., the farmers

a. few years ago delivered to the cream-

eries, clean, sweet milk, which was made

into a first grade of butter that brought

the highest price. Many of the same

farmers are today delivering cream a.

week old. This is not done because of

lack of knowledge. but because their

cream, bad as it is, is accepted by the

creamery. If one creamery does not ac-

cept it another will; the farmer, there-

fore, is simply following the line or least

resistance.



Paying for Quality.



If the creamery men would. pay for

cream according to its true value there

would be a. rapid improvement in the

quality. The proportion of good table

butter that would grade “extras" would

probably reach 90 per cent instead of

seven to 10 per cent, as is now the case.

This assumption is justified by the results

obtained from the introduction of the

grading system in the state of Maine.

The dairy authorities in that state inform

us that, at one time, at least 90 per cent

of the cream was sour when it reached

the creameries, but; that within a short

time after a system of grading was es—

tablished, by which sweet cream received

a premium of two to three cents per

pound of butter—fat, 95 per cent of the

cream was sweet when it reached the

creamcry. and this condition still pre-

vails. This simple system of grading has

proved to be of mutual advantage to the

creamcries and their patrons in this sec-

tion. The latter have received a price for

their product several cents above market

quotations, while the creameries have

maintained a high standard for their fin—

ished product. _



An inVestigation of the conditions in

Maine has brought out the fact that the

farmers are delivering their cream only

two or three times a week during the

summer months, but, as stated above, 95

per cent is sweet when it reaches the

creamery. In fact, a. large amount of

this cream is used to supply the sweet-

cream trade in the cities, and is from

four to seven days old when consumed.

The secret by which the Maine farmer

keeps the ,cream sweet lies in the fact

that the milk or cream is cooled immedi-

ately by being placed in ice water. The

result of doing this is generally under-

stood but not often practiced, except on

compulsion or when made remunerative

to the producer. .



Basis for Grading.



The plan that seems to have been most

successful in operation is to make two

grades of cream, No. 1 and No. 2.



No. 1 cream must be sweet, with a.

clean flavor, and for it a. premium of one

to three cents a pound of butter-fat is

paid.



No. 2 cream may be sour, but must

have a clean flavor. and for this grade a

straight price, based on quotations, is

usually paid.



Cream that is not clean in flavor, and

consequently not included in either of

these grades, is rejected. Good butter

cannot be made from such cream, and it

is not profitable to either the producer

or the manufacturer at any price.



The butter—fat content of cream is usu-

ally given some weight in grading, as it

is desirable that cream may be of the

proper consistency for churning without

requiring either dilution or concentra—





tion. When cream is received at the

creamery it is carefully inspected, the

two grades being weighed, ripened,





churned, and marketed separately. The

butter made from the N0. 2 cream will

usually bring the quotation price, while

the butter from the sweet cream, if prop-

made, will bring a premium over quota-

tions. In this way the creamery can af-

ford to pay its patrons a higher price

for fresh, untalnted, raw material. and

so the farmer gets more substantial re-

ward for the care he has exercised. The

consumer is always satisfied to' pay an





 





when was are writing to advertisers.





... -aua.. “haw-s .pa '1 ..«;,.»





extra price for a. clean and wholesome





ice on this account.



On the basis of a. 20-cow dairy it re-

quires about 500 lbs. of ice to cool the

cream annually produced by one cow. To

this amount should be added 500 lbs.

more for waste, or a total of 1.000 lbs. 8.

year for each cow. This amount is suffi-

cient to keep the cream sweet and in

good condition, so that, for a herd of 20

cows, 10 tons of ice would be required.

In smaller dairies the waste would be

greater and proportionately more ice





would be required, while with larger ones-





a proportionately less amount would

suffice.



There are approximately 50 cubic feet

of stored ice to the ton, consequently for

10 tons it would be necessary to fill a

space 10x10x5 feet. An ice house for

this quantity should be built 12xl2x8 feet,

which would allow for 12 inches of saw-

dust on the sides (sufficient to keep ice

under ordinary conditions), and enough

space on the top for packing and cover-

ing the ice.



From investigation made of ice houses

in Maine, where farmers generally store

ice, it appears that only a few of them are

built of new lumber. In most cases old

lumber, or a. discarded building, such as

an old granary, corn crib. or shed, was

used; in fact, any building that will hold

sawdust may be used for an ice house.

The amount of new lumber required for

an ice house holding 10 tons of ice would

be about 1,800 feet.



In building a new ice house, or using

an old building for that purpose, care

should be taken to provide good drainage.

The ice should be packed on about 12

inches of sawdust, or if sawdust is ex-

pensive, chopped prairie hay or even oat

or barley straw that has been well brok-

en in threshing may be used in place of

sawdust. Softwood sawdust is better

than that from hard wood.



In a. small ice house there should be

about 12 inches of sawdust between the

ice and walls of he house. Ample venti-

lation should be provided. The most

efficient probably is an opening of a few

inches under the eaves. This will allow

free circulation of air, but will not per-

mit the rays of the sun to shine on either

the sawdust or the ice. The sawdust

should be kept well packed on the sides

and evenly distributed over the top sur-

face of the ice. Sawdust will keep ice

much better when dry than when wet.





 





SOILING CROPS TO SUPPLEMENT

DRY PASTURES.





 





I have in mind a dairy farm which fell

off in its milk production scarcely a





hundred pounds all through the long, dry 7





summer we experienced last year, be-

cause of the use of soiling crops and

silage to supplement the dry and almost

useless pasture. Many farmers are Still

ignorant of this practice. It is high time

they “sat up and took notice," for in

this day of enlightened farming, the old

system of turningthe cows out in May,

and leaving them to rustle for an exist-

ence on dry, sparse pastures, won’t do.

iood farmers regard the cow as a milk

machine and she must be kept running

“full force" ten or eleven months in the

year. “'e are all after the ever elusive

dollar.



On this farm, carrying thirty average

Jerseys, they began feeding alfalfa the

first week in July, for there were only

some twenty—live acres of pasture, rent-

ed, and even then, it was noticeably dry.

Twice a. day, the cows came eagerly into

the barn and found their portion of wilted

green alfalfa waiting for them. They

were fed just what they would clean up

nicely, the amount varying, of course,

with the different cows. But a. skilled

feeder very quickly learns just how much

to give each animal. The weight sheet

helps here, too, for at a glance, the feed-

er can see- just what cow he wants to

“tease” to eat more.



There is quite a little skepticism con-

cerning the growing of alfalfa in Mich-

igan. Some have tried it once, but, fail-

ing to get a. good stand the first time,

througn some unrecognized error, they

have thrown it up. But there are many

who have tried it and been very success—

ful. On the farm in question, there were

ten acres of second year growth. A fine

stand. This year the owner expects to





 





NO 5.. .CHt-LTHI‘lth

As Savingmm

mmn'maa tragi‘h'i't‘sii'flfi





SHAR PLES

Tubular Cream Separator





The cheap machine will more than lose the

price of a Tubular the first ear. Many thou—

sand users of cheap separa ors are discerdi

them for Tubulars. The cheap maclnnes las

one year on the average—required ten to thirty

dollars repairs—and lost morem cream than the

original cost.





Do you call that cheap!



Tubulars have twice the skimmingforee. skill

faster and twice as clean as others. Dairy Tu-

bulars contain no disks or other con-

tractions. Wear aliietlme. Ouarante

forever by America's oldest and world’s

biggest separator concern. The bl est

economy on can make is to buy

World's st.



On request. a

Tubular will be

delivered and set

up in your home.

iorireetriaLwrth-

out freight or any

other expense to

you. Why send

any money for

some_ cheap

machine ?



8 e p a rater.

q u a I i t y is

more import-

ant than first

coat. other

separators taken in

figmpayment for



PS.





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

   





“Idle for

ca 8 ogue

No_ I5, and

free trial.





   

 





8m LE8 SEPARATOB CO.

THE nursed; chasm“ Pie; mo;

Oil Tog-:Onu4 Winnipdg. Cal.





 





 





“MEN WHO KNOW ”





USE THE





DE LAVAL

CREAM





SEPARATO





Wh should YOU experiment; ‘

takg’ chances with anything?





THE ma um summits





res-rev awesome: 29 e. menses 81’.

new roux. ' cmcado. ,





INDIANA SILOSI





New In uaeeverywhoro. Anyuser

will tell you why Indiana Silos an 5

the “beat and cheapest." Let us ‘3

send you the Free book that solves ;

the high priced food question. .

“Ell-0 PROFITS." Our Factories

are located at Anderson. Ind.. Des i

Moines. Iowa, and Kansas City. ;

Mo. Write for Ollo Catalog Today.





IIDIAIA SILO COMM"

1382 Ilalaa Building. 6 Ashes, lad.





As “SAVE-THE-HORSE”

can make them





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





As they some-

times are.





 

   





 





KB. H. P. TRACT, OF PONTANELLO, IOWA.

UNDER DATE OP MAY 1, 1911, 8AY82~“I USED ‘BAVE-

THE-KOBSE' 80“ TWO YEARS AGO AND WOULD



BOTTLE





IP I COULD N0! 081' ANOTHER BOTTLE."



Forksville. Pa.—Enclose $5 for bottle of "Ssvc-the~Hor-se."

Ten years ago I purchased a bottle and cured the worst bog

spsviu I ever saw. GEO. H. LILLY, R. F. D. No. 2.



Afton. Iowa. April 18, Hill—Have used your medicine for

a number of years. Cannot recommend ittoo highly. I had

a fine black three-year-old ,road mare which became so lame

in paetern joints she could not walk. Had the State Veterin-

urian out; he punctured and fired it, charged me $15 and left

her In just as bad condition as before. I bought a bottle of

your remedy and in about two weeks this mare was as sound

as a dollar. F. B. SMITH.



‘jSavethe-Horee" neither burns nor freezes any-

thing; neither is it blistering poison. It is the most

power-inhhumane and safest remedy known to veterin-

ary science and practice. Imitated and counterfeited

more than any preparation ever made. Could you have

stronger evidence of its supreme and unequalled

power? Time counts at this season. Send today for a.

bottle or iffin doubt, write us. Describe your case.



Expo? Veterinflsr‘syU Advice Always Free



rile or a copy 0 R SIGNED LEGALLY BINDING

CONTRACT—IT WILL CONVINCE; also Booklet and

Letters from Bankers, Blaineas M. and farmers the world

over on every kind of case. IS YEARS' SUCCESS.





This is a binding CONTRACT and rotecta'



solutely in treating and curing say cage of 32:63:“;

ii‘pavll. Thoroughpiu, Blip-bone. (except low.) Curb. Splint.

tapped Iioek, Wildpufl. Shoeboll. Injured Tendon- aad all

lameness. No scar or loss of hair. Horse works as usual.

Semi for copy of contract, booklet on all lameness. and letters

fmrpromlnentigualnm men. bankers, farmers and horse

0 wor over on eve hi d case. oreg‘ .

lists and dealers. or express ”'in. n 02 At all





 





Trey Che-teal Ce., 2. Collard-l Ave.. hula-tea, II.‘ 7. :





 





 





’m—d ~38»
JUNE‘ 17,3911": ‘ 1 \





put in’thirtyfor ferry acres more. So it

has been provefi .in many sections ofthe

state, and just as surely as the farmers

become acquainted with its possibilities,

the crop will ,be universally grown. I

hope so, surely, for it is a great boon to

all stock raisers, cutting, as it does, three

times' a year: It is especially valuable

to the dairyman as a soiling crop.



IA word as to feeding it green will be in

order here. Never feed it fresh. Cattle

will not eat so much of it, and it is liable

to cause bloating. But if you cut just

enough for a day’s feed, and then draw

it in just after the leaves have drooped,

they will eat it ravenously. It is a good

plan to cut in' the morning, and to draw

it in the afternoon. Since it is heavy, it

goes a long way. A small fork full is

enough for an ordinary cow.



The alfalfa was fed until the clover was

ready to cut. Then having a heavy stand

of the clover, the remaining alfalfa was

cured and mowed, and the clot/er took

its place, for a short time. Then came a

short period when the clover became un—

fit to feed green, so the feeder went back

to alfalfa, taking it from the mow. The

owner held, and rightly, that the dry

alfalfa was better than the dry clover.

'But soon the next soiling crop was

ready, peas and oats sown together, two

bushels of oats with one of peas. The





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.‘ (7)





earliest available green feed in the spring

and this is especially good if grown with

winter vetch. Following the rye and

vetch, the feeder may have new clover,

peas and oats together, millet and corn.

Every dairyman should make some pro—

vision to supplement his pastures, if he

wishes to get the most out of his herd.

Berrien Co. S. A. MARTIN.





CLEANLINESS IN THE DAIRY.



Of course, there are some dairymen

who do not care whether their milk is

clean or not, but there are probably a

great many who really do not know that

their 'milk is dirty. The consumers have

a perfect right to demand clean food and

every dairyman should do all that he

can to make his product comply with this

demand. Some seem to think that if they

strain out all of the bits of bedding, hair

and other coarse dirt that the milk is

clean. They are wrong, for dirt cannot

be strained out; it must be kept out if

the milk is to be kept clean. Every hair

or straw is coated with particles of filth

that contain harmful bacteria. If these

minute particles are dissolved in the

milk a strainer cannot remove them. By

feeding hay just before milking the barn





 





 





is oftentimes filled with clouds of dust. a

portion of which is sure to get in the





/





 





L





.Pieterje Maid Ormsby. This six-year-old Holstein Cow Produced 145.66 lbs. of

Butter in 30 Days, the World’s Record.





use of this green feed cannot be recom-

mended too highly. Cows are very fond

of it, and it tends to increase the milk

flow, rather than keeping it steady, as

was shown by the weight sheet.



By the time the peas and oats mixture

became too old to feed the mower could

be put in the alfalfa again. This was

fed as before, and so the cows were run

until the sweet corn was ready. The

corn was wilted, too, before feeding. It

pays to do this with all cut green crops.

The sweet corn ran the cows until the

fall rains freshcned the pastures again.





Ensilage was started the third week in

July, and fed twice a day, throughout.

From a quarter, to three-quarters of a

bushel was fed at a feed, the amount

being gauged by the production per cow.

Cottonseed meal was also fed twice a.

day, the feeder mixing it with the en—

silage, thoroughly. The amount of the

cottonseed meal was judged, as was the

ensilage.



The green fodder was waiting for the

cows when they came in. The cnsilago

and cottonseed were fed right after miik-

ing. From the middle of July, on, the

cows were not returned to the pasture

at night but. were left in the barnyard

and lane.



In this way, the pasture was helped in

its task. It soon became very thin, and

afforded little else than a. place for excr—

cise, open air, shade and water. But

'these are invaluable items.



The owner of this herd was making

money. Others can do the same, but not

until they discard some of the old, old

methods. Cows should freshen in the

fall, and be fed well through the winter.

The fresh grass in spring makes them

flush again, then, and with soiling crops,

grain and silage, they should milk heavy

until early fall at least. Not all farmers

have the alfalfa. Those that do not can

use other crops throughout the spring

anéqflnlfl?“ ‘j’Vipter rye“ makes the





 





 





milk pail. Each particle of that dust





 





l

l

I





' are the most sanitary ever made. Every inside seam is soldered as





A1 quality tinned and retinncd steel plate is used. That‘s why





   





Home Mixed Fertilizers Pay'





   

   

   

 





 





You can make a ton of any brand cheaper than you can buy f;

it. You can make the kind best suited to your soil and crops.’

Most of the Potash in your soil won’t be available for a

thousand years. You must supply





;





that's available now, and give your crops a chance tfiz': season.



Try 200 to 400 pounds per acre of a mixture of

equal parts of Bone and Kainit, or what is better, 800

lbs. Bone, 800 lbs. Acid Phosphate, and 400 lbs.

Muriate of Potash.





Ask your dealer for prices

or write us. We will sell any

amount of Potash Salts, from

200 lbs. (one bag) up.



Our two Free Books. “Fall Fer-

tilizers" and "Home Mixing.”

will tell you how to save money

on your fertilizers and get bigger

crops at the same time.

GERMAN KALI WORKS, Inc.



Continental Building, Baltimore



Monadnoch Block, Chicago

Whitney Bank Building. New Orleans





-'-: iiiflti





   

 

   

   

   

   

 





 





 

 

   

   

   

   

 

 

 

 

 





 





Sturges Milk Cans are

Sanitary and Most Durable





Your milk cans must be sanitary—easy to clean because you

can’t afford to risk spoiling a can full of milk. Sturgcs milk cans





smooth as glass—no place for milk or dirt to lodge.

Sturges milk cans are also the strongest and most durable made.





Sturgcs cans “stand the racket." \Ve are careful of details, too.

For example, the neck on every Sturgcs can is seamless, the cover

is sanitary and the handles are of one piece. round and never loosen

or pull off. Be sure to see your dealer about Sturges Milk Cans or

write us a postal now for our





Interesting Book FREE





Tells all about milk cans and milk can construction. Shows all the reasons W

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Throw away your old, battered up, leaky cans and get the sanitary, durable Sturgcs.

\Vrite for free Book No.46 now. Address





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.w. l





 





 





contains harmful bacteria that is imper-

ceptible in the milk.





the dairyrnan cannot see.

he teeming with unseen bacteria and the

dairyman will be ignorant of the cause

of the bad odor and flavor of the milk

and its products. He cannot remove the

bacteria after they are once in the milk

so he must use care to keep them from

getting in.



Another very fruitful source of trouble

is the seams of the pails and cans. I‘n—

less the seams are run full of solder,

milk and other substances are sure to

lodge there and form fertile ground for

the breeding of bacteria. All vessels used

for milk must be well cleaned. “'ash

with warm Water and scrub with a brush

and soda or other good cleaners; then

scald with boiling water and put in a

clean, sunny place. If avoidable, never

use rags in washing milk vessels. Some

think that greater care should be used

in warm weather and this may be cor-

rect to some extent, but cold weather

does not kill bacteria. by any means.



Ohio. SUBSCRIBER.





NATIONAL DAIRY SHOW.



The farmers and dairymen of the Uni-

ted States and Canada and all friends of

the National Dairy Show Association will

be. interested in knowing that plans are

being completed for the holding of the

1911 show. This association has expended

more than $200,000 in promoting the dairy

industry. It renders a service not at-

tempted by any other agency. It seeks

the support and co—operation of, and aims

to work in harmony with, and supple—

ment, and make more effective, the ef-

forts of every other' organization and;

agency for the upbuilding of the dairy:

industry—4m industry representing an

annual output of nearly a billion dollars.





 





 





Thus we‘see that;

great harm comes from the things thatl



l

The milk may‘





 





 





 





To every good builder, well informed feeder, Dairymam.

or experienced owner of silos, our





IMPERISHABLE SILll





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0nly While PresentStock last





 





 





 





 





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THE PRESTO STROP is made of finest horse hide leather

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The Michigan F armer Detroit, Mich.
636 (8)

The Michigan Farmer





ESTABLISHED l 843.





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EDITORS AND PROPRIB'I‘ORS.





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M. L. LAWRENCE ....... . "Vice-President.

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Associate

tors.





 





 





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Canadian subscription so cents a you extra for postage.





 





 





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Detroit, Mich.





 





 





 





DETROIT. JUNE 17, [9".





 





,,THE CANADIAN RECIPROCITY

AGREEMENT.

A Brief History of its Origin and Pro-

gress to Date.





About twenty-five years ago the Am-

erican Newspaper Publishers’ Association

was organized. It has been steadily

growing in number of members and im-

proving in system of work every year

until at present it includes nearly every

important newspaper (both daily and

weekly) of this country. Its

absolutely own and control the Associa-

ted Press and every other news-gathering

and distributing organization of the

country. A few years ago the mills of

this country making news print paper

(which is made entirely from wood pulp)

formed a. combination to maintain prices

and eliminate competition in selling print

paper.



This move on the part of the paper

mills at once precipitated a war with the

mammoth Newspaper Publishers’ Asso-

ciation which has been waging hot ever

since. The scheme of a. reciprocity

agreement with Canada to admit wood

pulp and print paper free into this coun-

try was adopted by the Publishers’ Asso—

ciation and by organized, systematic ef-

fort it was uniformly advocated by the

entire newspaper fraternity of the coun—

try; and as an element to accomplish it

the scare crow of “High Cost of Living”

was conceived and magnified into a hid-

eous creature. The entire newspaper

force of the country promised the Presi-

dent all kinds of greatness if he would





accomplish the enactment of this, to

them, very important, though selfish,

pact.





Its negotiation in secret until signed is

a matter of common knowledge. It was

at once gleefully fathered by the free

trade Democrats in Congress as a good

party principle and it passed the House

near the close of the last Congress, but

died in the Senate. Now came the great,

outrageous procedure of this unjust

proposition. 'By organized instruction ev-

ery newspaper set up a howl for an extra.

session of Congress to ratify the Cana-

dian pact: and the President followed

their dictum.



The Canadian Parliament has not rati-

fied it and has all along made clear its

policy not to act upon it until the U. S.

has done so, evidently deciding to, avoid

the humiliation of having it declined by

us after adoption by Canada. Consider-





members .





I





THE * MICHIGAN -. PARMB‘Ri





ing the comparative importance of the

two nations it would seem that the prop-

osition should have Come in a completed

form from Canada. _.



But regardless of all propriety and all

other consequences the special session of

Congress was called and has already been

in session two months. Whenit will end

no one can tell. This extra session will

probably cost the government over four

million dollars, but the doubt and uncer-

tainty as to what will be done, not alone

with the Canadian pact but with many

other propositions, has worked an injury

to the general business of the country

which aggregates many hundred times

the cost of the session. The impossibility

of estimating the outcome of threatened

tariff changes inaugurated at this extra.

session, is causing business disturbances

that daily increase idle capital and un-

employed labor.



The President, with seeming despera—

tion, is utilizing all the immense powers

and influences of his position to force this

pact through the Senate. He is traveling

to distant parts making speeches, sending

members of his cabinet in private cars

and special trains to every point where

gatherings of business men are held and

mailing millions of printed arguments,

all the expense of which is paid by

the government. He is also using all the

strength of his patronage and his per-

sonal influence to induce all doubtful

Senators to pledge themselves in favor

of the pact. The entire newspaper power

of the country under organized direction

is systematically ignoring every word or

thought against the pact; but all the

speeches or statements at the hearings,

that favor it are. flashed through the great

news distributing organizations and pub—

lished in full with attractive headlines.



This agreement if ratified will work a.

great injustice and actual robbery to the

farmers of this country, who constitute

one-third of our population and conduct

by far the most important industry of

the nation. “'ithout any adequate or-

ganization or means of defense the farm-

er's very financial life is assailed and his

interests disregarded. Not only that, but

the President has repeatedly intimated in

his speeches and interviews which have

been widely published. that the opposition

which the farmers of the country have

voiced as best they could, but in no un-

certain tones, has been created and fos-

tered by the “interests” that are opposed

to the treaty, thus adding an insult to

the intelligence of the American farmer

to the injury which this pact would do,

and indeed has already done, his inter—

ests. IVe submit, “Is ‘it just?" We ask,

“Will the great, wise. able body of Sen-

ators make possible this great wrong?"

Vi'e hope not.



The American Newspaper Publishers’

Association. controlling the Associated

Press and all other news organizations,

is today the most gigantic, selfish and

dangerous trust of our country. Its sup-

port of the proposed treaty with Canada

is based on selfishness. It would sacrifice

the interests of the farmer for the sake

of adding a. little more to itsown great

wealth. The public will’ appreciate in

time what we believe the majority of the

United States Senate appreciates now,

that this pact was conceived in and, pro-

mulgated on unfairness, sophistry and

deception. '





,





 





CURRENT COMMENT.





 





The reciprocity pact

Reciprocity Before has been reported to

the Senate. the Senate by the

Finance Committee.

The committee amended it in only one

particular, by adopting the Root amend-

ment affecting the paper schedule. The

friends of the measure claim a. victory

and freely predict its passage by the Sen-

ate without further amendment. While

the outcome is not yet certain, it would

appear that some of the doubtful sena-

tors have been rallied to the support of

the measure, including Senator Townsend,

of Michigan, who recently gave out an

interview in W'ashington to the effect

that he would vote for the bill. While

this will be a bitter disappointment to

his farmer constituents whose support

placed him in the Senate, and who are so

unanimously opposed to the proposition,

there is nothing left for them to do but

to accept the situation with such grace

as they can if, as appears to be the case.

Senator Townsend deliberately chooses

to ignore their pleas to enjoy the more

immediate favor of the administration

and the approvalof a. prejudiced press.

With Senator Townsend’s announce-

ment the opportunity of Michigan Farmer

readers to do effective work against the





poet has passed. SenatoriSmith has rs- ~





mained firm in his. attitude against the

pact, as previously announced; although

it is typical of the campaign which is

being waged for this measure that almost

nothing of what he said before the De-

troit Board of Commerce last week in

opposition to the measure was printed in

the newspapers, while the speech of Sec-

retary Wilson, who appeared as the rep-

resentative of the administration, was

published in full under attractive head-

lines.



Vi'hat the weeks of discussion which

will ensue in the Senate may bring forth

is problematicai, but while-we must wait

for the outcome we know that the effects

of the pact, should it be passed, have

already been largely discounted in pre-

vailing business conditions, a. fact which

we firmly believe will finally come home

with added force to those business men

who, with perhaps honest but mistaken

zeal for the public good, have advocated

the sacrifice of American agriculture by

favoring the approval of this pact. '





The inquiry into the



Federal Control of workings of the steel

Corporations. trust, which is being



- made by a. congres-

sional committee, has brought out some

rather startling testimony. Not the least

interesting feature of this testimony is

the stand taken by Judge Gary, the offi-

cial head of the United States Steel Cor-

poration, in favor of government control

of big business. He stated before the

committee that his company would wel-

come a. degree of government control

which would include the fixing of prices

by a. commission who would base their

findings upon a. full investigation of con-

ditions. His position has been given pub-

lic support by Andrew Carnegie. who

says in effect that such control is the





ultimate solution of the trust problem,»





and intimates that under such control the

making of millionaires would be very

much curtailed.



While the frankness of these gentlemen

is a matter for congratulation, especially

in so far as it relates to the making or

influencing of prices by trust methods,

yet we believe there is a. reasonable

doubt whether the method which they

advocate would prove a panacea for trust

ills. The making of millionaires and

multi-millionaires in steel has been more

a matter of the sale of watered stock in

the streel trust or its subsidiary con-

stituents at an exorbitant price than of

the,price of steel itself. Of course, the

fixing of a fair price for the sale of the

products of the steel corporation, even

though done by a government commis-

sion, must now be done with a. view of

paying a fair rate of interest on the

present capital stock of that corporation,

as well as the fixed interest charge on

its bonded indebtedness. A scale of

prices which would accomplish this result

would still pay an exorbitantly high rate

of interest on the real capital actually

invested in the business.



Thus, while a, degree of government

control which would include the fixing of

prices on trust products might be bene-

ficial to the country, and probably would

be beneficial to the trusts, since it would

prove a steadying factor in the trade, it

would not reach the root of the trust





evil. This can be more effectually ac-

complished through governmental con-

trol of stock and bond issues, which





would restrict such issues to the needs of

the business concerned and insure that

the money so secured would go into the

business instead of into the pockets of

its promoters. With such supervision,

we believe there would be less occasion

for a degree of control which would ex-

tend to the fixing of prices, but in the

event that such control should seem to

be required, it would mean something

toward the effective solution of the trust

problem, a result which would be diffi-

cult. if not impossible to attain, without

some supervision of the capitalization of

such industrial organizations and com-

binations of commercial producers.





HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.





National.





The value of the coke produced in the

United tSates during the year 1910 was

$99,696,277, the amount of the fuel being

41,681,410 short tons. The production

shows an increase of 10.8 per cent over

the previous year and is the largest in

the history of the industry.



The employee of the Pere Marquette

shops at Grand Rapids have gone out on

strike in sympathy with the men in the

Wyoming shops who are out demanding

better wages and improved working con-

ditions.



Investigation into the charges against

union men for participation in destructive

methods used to intimidate contractors





" . mm: 11;“ is





to hire "union men. is' in progress "before

a grand jury in Indianapolis. ’



The 'colections on the streets of De-

troit last Friday f9 funds to fight'tuber-

culosis in this cl y will total between

$12,000, and $13,000.



Eighty-three graduate from West Point

military academy this month. ‘



The United States senate on Monday

passed a. bill ’providing for an amend-

ment to the federal constitution looking

to the selection of United States senators

by direct vote of the. people rather than

by the legislative bddies of the several

states as is now provided. ‘



The fifty-fifth annual conclave of the





- .v i,





Michigan Knights Templar convenes in ‘





the city of Saginaw this week.



The senate committee listening to hear-

ings upon the Canadian pact have report.—

ed the measure to the senate after sev-

eral weeks of taking testimony from the

different interests of the country. While

it hasvnot been definitely determined, it

is anticipated that the vote upon the

measure will not take place before Au-

gust '



In order to popularize the army among

American people a plan has been Bug-

gested to congress to allow six months

enlistments so as to make it convenient

for high school and college men to enlist.



The government is probing Questions

connected with the disposition of proper-

ties of the Pittsburg Coal Company to

the steel.trust for the sum of $18,000,000.

A special panel of the federal grand jury

is sitting at Gary, Ind., to take testi-

mony of witnesses there concerning the

den .





The contemplated suit by the United'





States to recover from the Southern Pa.-

cific railroad lands valued at $500,000,000

will be delayed because of a joker dis-





covered in statutes passed by congress





in 1891 and 1896 which provided that the

government must bring suit against the

grantee within six years after the grant,





which, according to the best legal opinion ,

of the department of justice would serve 1'

to establish the title of the railroad in





the holdings should suit be brought now.





An effort will be made at the coming ses- :





sion to repeal the law and thus make the

way clear for prosecuting the case.





The police reserves were called out tO‘





protect factories of garment makers in

Cleveland where strikers threatened the

properties.





On June 18 the United States troops‘





patrolling the Mexican border will be

withdrawn. -





The decision of the customs court of:

the United States makes it obligatory'

upon the owner of an animal born in the '





United States and taken to a. foreign

country to pay, upon the return of the

animal to this country, the regular tax

for the importation of other foreign ani-

mals. The ruling is working special hard-





ship in Detroit and Port Huron where,





merchants of the border cities send their ..





wagons across the ferries to deliver geods '





to patrons there, as the new construction

of the statute makes such accommoda-

tions impossible.

Foreign.

Early this week the United States and

England had not appointed representa-

tives to attend the celebration of the





100th anniversary of Venezuela’s inde-z





pendence.





The French people and government ap- '1

pear to be concerned over the military;





operations carried on

Spain, which it: is declared at Paris, are

not in accordance with the conditions of

the treaty between the powers of Europe

regarding the affairs of Morocco. Span-

ish troops have occupied Alcarzar, Tetuan

and other places.



English officials have warned aviators

that they must not fly in London during

coronation week.



Bids for the construction of the Hud-

son Bay line of railroad are being re—

ceived by the Canadian government,

which indicates that the policy' of the

government to extend lines of communi-

cation to the newer parts of the land, is

real and determined.



The Italian government has presented

a measure which it hopes will be legis-

lated into law, giving the state a mono—

poly of the life insurance business of the

country. The provision will be hard blow

to the many American companies which

operate in that country.



Latest accounts inform us that the

earthquake in Mexico last week resulted

in the death of at least 150 persons.



Diplomats are now considering the ad-

visability of drafting a single treaty after

the plan of the Anglo-American treaty

to be signed by all countries as would

enter into an agreement for arbitrating

matters arising between any of the pow-

ers to the international contract. It is

held' that such an arrangement is per—

fectly feasible and would serve to lend

force as well as clearness to the inter-

pretation of the relations between coun-

tries by having one draft sufiice for all.



The Chinese government is demanding

from Mexico an indemnity of $10,000,000

for the Chinese massacreed at Torreon

during the last days of the rebellion.





 





MICHIGAN~ CROP REPORT.





Wheat—The average condition of wheat

in the state is 91, in the southern coun-

ties 90, in the central counties and upper

peninsula 96 and in the northern coun-

ties 87.



On May let the condition of wheat was

reported as follows. ~. State 93, southern

counties and upper peninsula 95, central

counties 92 and northern counties 87.



The per cent of wheat sown that will

be plowed up because winter killed is 3

in the state, 1 in the southern and cen-

tral counties and 7 in the northern coun-

ties and upper peninsula. The damage

by Hessian fly is 5 In the state, 8 in the

southern counties. 2 in the central and



, (Continued on page 643).





in Morrocco byl





 





 





 





 





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m‘. F_.._I'-____. _





 





 





 





'8 '

LITERATURE

POETRY “





msroar (1113

INFORMATION





 





 





 





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Section





 





77w FARM BOY

an? GIRL



SCIENTIFIC an?



MECHANICAL





 





 





 





This Magazine Section forms a part of our paper twice a month. Eevry article is written especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere





 





 





HERE’S sunshine in the country wide,

“’here no industrial prisons hide

The golden glow of morning’s rise.

Or crimson of the western skies

At eve, when day in glory dies.





A bright dome arches overhead;



Around us charming landscapes spread——



A panorama, where we trace



The Master’s hand in every place:



See pictures that reveal His thought



Butnot the art by which He wrought.



Here the originals were made



That shame the imitator's trade»—



The flowers that breathe, the streams

that run,



And lakes that shimmer in the sun.





But who can paint the loveliness



Of Nature in her summer dress?

Orfwho can doubt of miracles——



IVho in the God-made country dwells

And witnesses the quiekening



Of Naturchhen the breath of Spring,

\Vith silent and mysterious powers,

Restores the dead and vanished flowers

And puts new robe and crown upon

The forest tree’s bare skeleton,



\Vhile Life, from every bough and sprout,

Hangs its triumphal banners out?



So like a resurrection scene,



\Ye fancy in that robe of green



Are tokens of a Gracious Power



That will restore the human flower.





\I’hat. joys in every bosom spring



\\‘hen May and June their pleasures

bring.



All sights we see, and sounds we hear,



Delight the eye and charm the ear



The blackbirds' trill, and softer notes



That warble from the bluebirds’ throats,





A VIEW IN THE COUNTRY WIDE





By Van R. W. HORTON.





And bobolink’s and robin‘s song,



In strains melodious, clear, and strong,



()ur sympathetic souls inspire



’J‘o worship with this happy choir, .



In this grand temple which God's plan



I’rovided for primeval man,



'With shining dome and sapphire wallsw



(How cheap Saint Peter’s or Saint

I'aul's!)





Here strength is waiting for the weak,

And color for the faded cheek;



And health for invalids who come



To Nature's sanitarium;



‘Where all inhale refreshing breath,

Not tainted with the germs of death,

But laden with the sweet perfumes

(,lf new—mown hay and clover blooms.

Here children spend the golden hours

In sunshine, with the birds and flowers,

And country air, and farmers‘ meals

Make happy hearts and lively heels.





Here meditative Age can rove

Through sunny field, or shady grove,

Peaceful and safe, and freely tread

On paths with softest velvet spread——

N0 warning to “keep off the grass,”

Nor dodging to let ’mobiles pass.



No jostling crowd, nor fear to meet

Those perils of the city’s street.

Albeit, naughty—mobiles run



”Wild through the country roads for fun,

And plow and wear the thoroughfare,

And many a horse and driver scare;





\\'arn them of danger with a. toot,

Then like a cyclone past them shoot;

Smile at their fright, but let them live

11' quick the middle way they give!





But there are “autos" good and kind,

Will not run down the. lame or blind;

\\'il| mind the law by day or night,

And when they pass keep to the right;

And if a man or horse is sick,



\\'i|l bring a doctor double quick!





And in the country, wide and clean,

The infernal “dive" is never seen,

\\'hcre drink and vice as one are wed,

And crime and anarchy are bred.



iut pure and healthful drink is found,

By Nature filtered through the, ground

Strata, of gravel, sand, and clay,

Cleanse all impurity away,



And give it sparkling in the tank,

\\'ithout a charge of dime or thank.





l‘ity that city which must take



its water from a turbid lake,



The haunt of" turtle, frog, and snake;



Ur sluggish river that contains



The sewage from the city‘s drains.



’l‘hough learned ones say (perhaps they

think)



'l‘hat boiling makes it fit to drink,



Good taste prefers that which conceals



No filth, or microscopic eels.





The parents of our mighty race





Were, settled in a country place,





“liastward in Eden,” where there grew

.\ll plants most beautiful to View;



\Yith singing birds and flowers graced,

And luscious fruits to please the taste

3m tempted were, with discontent,



And made a sad experiment!





But though the serpent and the fall

Deranged the pristine plan,



Heaven still surrounds our mundane ball

And lights the abode of man;



And features of that Paradise,



\\'here home and love scenes had their



rise,



Are sometimes in the country seen—~—



’.l'he country wide, and bright and clean,



‘\Vhere virtue, temperance and health



Count more than pleasure, show, and



wealth;



\‘Chere noblest characters have grown



That any age or race has shown—



Men wise to guide the ship of state



.\nd make their nation good and great;



\\‘hose honor naught could ever taint,



\\‘liosc Virtue would become a saint;



\\‘l-o spurned a bribe in any form,



_\nd stood like I’haros in a storm.





But there are restless country folk

\\‘ho long to breathe the city's smoke;

Leave rural homes and go to strive

\Vhere oft the untittest ones survive;

\\"here some in seas of pleasure drown,

And vice and (rime abide,

.-\nd many a tempted lite goes down

By moral suicide;

\\‘here poverty and sounlor hide

In (lens from light of sun.

And wealth struts with

pride

ln :1 modetn l’1ab\lon.





lzelshazzar’s





 





THE MAKING OF A PICTURE—BYIRMAB MATTHEWS.





I am taking it for granted that many

of my; readers have cameras. I wish

theremrnight be one in every home, and

I am sure that there is nothing that will

give so much enjoyment for the amount

of money invested. Of course, you have

taken negatives and portraits, but it is

about the making of a real picture that I

wish to write. There is a great difference

between a portrait and a picture. The

former may be a fine likeness and valu—

able only to friends, but the latter must

have something about its composition

that would attract the attention of a

stranger. If a figure-picture, it should

tell a 'story. It will be well, along this

line, to study the work of some of the

famous artists, taking careful notice of

the story-telling phase of their pictures.



I think it goes without saying that pic-

ture-making is an art, whether it is done

with a brush or a. camera. leing myself

familiar somewhat with both methods I

may say that in some ways I consider the

camera the more difficult, although also

the easiest mastered by an amateur.

\Vhen you start to make pictures where

figures are used you simply want a good

stock of patience, and then some more

patience and there will he no danger of

failure. -



Apropos of this I want to tell you a

little incident. I was showing some pie-





tures of my little daughter to a friend

and she said: “What cunning pictures?

How nice to have a camera! I suppose

whenever your baby gets in a cute posi-

tion you get the camera and snap her.”



“Indeed I don't,” I answered. “Why,





some of those pictures took me hours and

even days to get.”



“Hours! Days! What do you mean?”

she cried in astonishment.



“Just that," I replied. “Some of those

pictures I Worked over for hours before





tion, and I have often had to wait for

another day because when a person be-

comes tired the attitude is likely to be

stiff, and it is the easy, graceful attitude

that we work for.”



My friend was astonished to find that





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





\





 





taking a. picture inVolved so much

thought, and so will many others be who

have been satisfied with simply getting

a, good likeness.



Do not be in too much of a hurry to

take, your picture. Study it well first.

Be sure you know just how you want it,

then wait until you get it. \\'ith children

it is rather a. ditllcult mutter sometimes,

but once you succeed you are, well repaid.

1N) not tire your subject. '\\'hen they be—

gin to get tired, no matter how much you

want lill' picture, wait until another day.

i have often done this and spoiled many

plates besides, before gaining the desired

effect.



\\‘ith animals this is still more difficult:

for you must usually just get ready and

then wait until they assume the attitude

that you desire, for it is almost impos—

sible to do anything toward posing them

and get a natural picture. They are, in

fact, the most difficult of all subjects

and when you get some attractive pic—

tures of animals you may congratulate

yourself. Another thing, the more simple

a picture is the more attractive it is as

a. usual thing; that is, a jumble of ob-
\





,must go for our loveliest pictures;





638 (10) . , .

jects’does not usually make a good pic-

ture. Your main object usually should be

a trifle to one side of the center. If you

do not think that this is an improvement

try trimming some of your prints in. this

way. I might say right here that a

negative that seems almost worthless will

Sometimes make a very artistic picture,

if the print is properly trimmed. But

after all it is to nature herself that we

Noth-





 





ing can ever quite compare with her.



In conclusion let me say that I hope

the pictures accompanying this brief

article will illustrate what I have been

trying to tell you, for both of them can

be duplicated in any locality, and perhaps

there may be near your homes much

prettier ones. Look for the pretty‘things

around you; it will make life more worth

the living and lighten your burdens by

the way.





 





A BOOMERANG BULLET—By J. Albert Mallory.





 





Although the evidence brought out at

the coroner's inquest was of such a na-

ture that practically everyone believed

him guilty of murder, Tom Edgarton

looked steadily into his sister’s eyes and

said he was innocent. That was enough

for Florence. She went to one of the

best lawyers in town and said:





“Do you think you can clear my

brother?"



.The lawyer looked at her compassion-

ately.





“Frankly, Miss Edgarton," he replied,

"I do not. But if you wish I will take the

case and do my best. Perhaps we may

be able to get a verdict in the second

degree.”



Florence went in search of another at-

torney. In the hall .she saw a shabbily

dressed young man, with bristly red hair

and a large nose, mounted on a chair.

Above the door he was nailing a small

brass sign which read;



HADLEY SACKETT,

Attorney-at-Law.



“Is Mr. Sackett in his office?" she asked

the red-haired youth.



“He will be in half a minute,” was the

reply. “Just step inside.” He moved the

chair out of the way and opened the

door.



She entered and seated herself in the

only chair which the office contained.

The room was uncarpeted; its walls were

bare and, besides the. chair she occupied,

was furnished only with a much

scratched and battered fiat-topped desk

and a confused Jumble of books in one

corner.



AThe red-haired. youth followed her into

the room, carrying the chair. This he

placed behind the desk, seated himself

and solemnly looked at the girl.



“Mr; Sackett is now in his office," he





said. “What can I do for you?”



"1—" Florence was confused. “I was

looking for a lawyer and 1—" she paused

embarrassed. "



“I am a lawyer," Sackett announced

coldly.





“I am Miss Edgarton. My brother is

innocent. Can you clear him?”



“Certainly—if he is innocent.

he charged with?"



"XYhy, don’t you know? He—he is Tom





“'hat is





Edgarton.”

“Exactly. He is Tom Edgarton—inno-

cent. You are Miss Edgarton, his sister.





‘What next? We don’t seem to be getting

on very fast. Let me inform you that I

am a stranger in San Fernando, having

arrived only last night."



For an instant Florence was dismayed.

The youth and evident poverty of Hadley

Sackett, combined with his ignorance of

local affairs, caused her to hesitate. But

the cool composure and calm determina-

tion of the man as shown in his crisp,

abrupt manner, cold gray eyes and square,

out-thrust chin, fascinated her. She

wondered what to say next.



“I am afraid the case will be a very

difiicult one," she began. “Everyone be-

lieves poor Tom to be guilty. He has

always been a reckless boy and his com-

]:anions have not been of the highest

character. But there is nothing really

bad about him. Since mother’s death two

years ago—father died when both Tom

and I were very young—I have tried to

be both mother and father to him, but he

has been very wayward at times.



“After mother's death it developed that

people whom she had trusted with the

management of our affairs had not acted

fairly—had taken advantage of her lack

of business knowledg%and Tom and I

found ourselves dependent for our liveli-

hood upon a small ranch located near

this city. The work has been hard to

both of us and, I am afraid, rather irk-

some to my brother and he would, at

times, indulge in bitter invectives against

the man who was responsible for our pov-

erty. Of course, that counts against him

now.”



“In what way?” Sackett asked.



“Why. you see, this man, Martin Glad-

den, is the one whom he is accused of

murdering.”



"Ah, and how was the murder commit-





ted? ls there any definite evidence

against your brother?"



“There are several remarkable coin-

cidences at least. It seems that Martin

Gladden and Tom had a quarrel over a

game of cards in a saloon last Thursday.

Tom accused Gladden of cheating and

used some very abusive language. I am

afraid he was slightly intoxicated. Tom

did not come home that night and the

next morning he was heard to say that

Gladden should be shot like a dog (you

understand I am telling you what was

made public at the coroner's inquest).

That evening he returned to the ranch,

took his rifle and said he was going out

to the foothills to shoot a coyote. He

returned at half-past seven and went

straight to his room. An hour later an

officer came and arrested him."



“For the murder of Martin Gladden?"



“Yes. It appears that Mr. Gladden.

who lived on the ranch adjoining ours,

was sitting on the steps in front of his

house talking .to a party of friends. A

chicken hawk alighted on a mowing ma-

chine which stood in his front yard be-

tween the house and the road. Mr. Glad-

den ran into the house and seized his

rifle, then stood in the doorway and fired

at the hawk. Immediately afterwards he

dropped dead, shot through the head.

The people to whom he had been talking

had seen Tom pass up the road a few

minutes before."



She paused and looked beseechingly at

Sackett.



“Go on," he said, “is there any further

evidence against your brother?"



“Oh, yes,” she moaned, “and it is this

more than anything else which makes it

look so hopeless for'poor Tom. His rifle

is a 303 Savage, using a steel—tipped bul-

let made expressly .for that kind of gun.

There is only one other like it in San

Fernando and that belonged to Martin

Gladden. The bullet which killed Mr.

Gladden went completely through his

head and was found embedded in the

jamb of the door behind him. It was a

303 Savage."



“Anything else?”



“Yes. Tom had just purchased a box

of cartridges. When his rifle was exam-

ined Just one was missing."



“And what does your brother say?"



“He says that he is innocent. He says

he fired one shot at a coyote and missed.

He did not know that Mr. Gladden had

been killed until the officer came."



Hadley Sackett continued to gaze ear-

nestly at the girl. "



“From what you have told me I should

judge it to be a case of premeditated

murder," he said dispassionately.



The girl winced as from a blow. Her

lips quivered and she winked hard to

hold back the tears, but only for an in-

stant.



“My brother is innocent," he cried. "I

know it." '



“Ah? There is something,

which you have not told me?"



“No,” she said simply. “But Tom nev—

er lies to me and he says he is innocent.”



They remained perfectly silent for sev-

eral minutes gazing into each other's

eyes. Then Sackett spoke: “I will take

the case and I will win it. I will clear

your brother."



She arose and advanced to the desk.



“And the cost?" she asked. “I know

such cases are expensive. I have brought

this for a retainer—two hundred dollars.

is it sufficient?" She took from her

purse a roll of bills and laid it on his

desk.



Hadley Sackett wrote a receipt and

handed it to the girl.



"But this is for only ten dollars," she

protested.



“It is sufficient,” he answered. “When

the case is won I will present a bill for

fifty dollars. I will see your brother at

once.”



He took a ten-dollar bill from the roll

on his desk, escorted her to the door and

stood gazing after her until she disap-

peared from view. Then he turned and

took from the floor an old, battered hat,

pulled it well down on his head so that





then, of





THE ’MICHI‘GAN’ PARMER.





his-large red ears 1150de even larger and‘





redder. and went to the county Jail to see

Tom Edgarton. ‘



He was shown to a cell where the

prisoner sat dejectedly on the edge of a

cot.



“My name is Hadley Sackett.” he an-

nounced. “You never heard of me be-

fore. I'm a lawyer and your sister has

retained me to defend you. Now, don't

waste my time by asking questions. I'll

attend to that part of it myself. Cheer

up a little and tell me all about it-—and

tell me the truth. If you lie to me I

shall know it." .



He seized Tom by the chin and turned

his face to the light. ‘

"Now tell me; did you kill



Gladden?”



Tom flushed angrily, but he looked un-

flinchingly into the steady gray eyes of

Sackett and said: “No."



“Do you know who did?"





Martin





GINO."



“Good. Your sister was right. You

are innocent. Now tell me the whole

story.”





It was substantially the same story

that Florence had told.



“Where were you when Gladden was

killed?” Sackett asked.



“I must have been directly in front of

his house," Tom answered. “A high

cypress hedge runs along the road there

and because of it I could not see the

house. I heard a shot but thought noth-

ing of it. That must have been the shot

he fired at the hawk."



"Did you hear another shot?"



llNo.!l



After a few more questions the young

attorney returned to his office.



Next day the news that Hadley Sackett,

a young, unknown lawyer, had been en-

gaged to defend Tom Edgarton caused

considerable surprise. Judge Carroll, who

dropped into Sackett’s office to get ac-

quainted, reported to his curious con-

freres: “The man is an enigma. He

seems absolutely sure of himself. He is

poor—horribly poor—anyone can see that.

And yet he refused a. two—hundred-dollar

retainer. He is unmannerly and won't

talk—either a fool or a genius, probably

a. fool."



At the preliminary hearing Sackett sat

in a chair tilted back against the wall

with eyes closed. evidently asleep. He

woke up just long enough to ask the

court to grant bail to his client and, on

this being refused, subsided again into

slumber.



The date of the trial was set for the

following month. People were curious to

know what course the defense would take

and the movements of Hadley Sackett

were observed closely. He was known

to have twice visited the scene of the

murder, but beyond that he seemed to

be doing absolutely nothing. Visitors to

his office invariably found him with his

heels on his desk, wreathed in a cloud of

tobacco smoke, reading a. popular novel

or a text book on political economy.



The evening before the trial Florence

Edgarton entered his office.





“Mr. Sackett," she said, “you promised

to win this case. I believed you because

I then believed Tom to be innocent. But

now—” She faitered and Sackett thought

for a moment she was going to faint, but

she recovered quickly and continued in

a cold, hard voice: “I have learned some-

thing today that makes me think that

after all, Tom may be guilty. He never

lied to me before, but—but—"



“Go on," said Sackett.



“Some time ago I found in Tom's room

a. number of slips of paper—I. O. U.'s

with Tom's signature attached. They

amounted to a sum greater than Tom

could ever hope to pay and would have

given the holder the right to take all we

have—the property is in my brother's

name.



"I remembered the quarrel my brother

had had with Mr. Gladden over a game

of cards and I went to Tom and asked

him the meaning‘of the papers. He said

he had given them to Mr. Gladden in a

game of poker and had then detected

him in some trickery. That was the

cause of the quarrel. Then Martin Glad-

den sent for him the next day and made

a bargain that on condition the papers

were returned—the debt canceled—he,

Tom, was to use his influence with me

to induce me to marry Martin Gladden.”



She paused again and gazed out of the

window for a moment. _



“I had better tell you," she resumed,

“that ever since the death of his wife

a few months ago, Mr. Gladden had been

paying rather more attention to me than

either Tom or I liked. He must have

thought that by winning Tom over it

would materially help his suit. Tom, fear-'





- 1





ing the loss of the ranch, consented. but

afterwards returned and begged Gladden





to take the papers back. gut Mr. Glad- -





den refused and it was then that Tom

was heard to say that Mr. Gladden should

be shot like a dog."



Again silence. Then Sackett:

you think—J!"



“I think that Tom, brooding over what

he had done, must have lost control of

himself that night—”



Hadley Sackett slowly arose to~ his feet,

crossed the room and stood in front or

the girl. .



“Miss Edgarton,” in his voice ’was a.

little unaccustomed quiver, "I told you I

would clear your brother and I will. For

several days I have known what you have

told me tonight. Your nerves are un-

strung or you would not have doubted

your brother's innocence. Go home: you

need rest and sleep. Now, good-night."



Next day the court room was crowded.

The low buzz of talk was silenced by the

rapping of the clerk’s gavel. The pris-

oner, well groomed and handsome, but

pale and with dark circles under his eyes,

gazed stonily before him. Near him sat

his sister, her face partly hidden behind

a heavy veil. The district attorney bust-

led importantly out from a side room, his

arms full of law books, and seated him-

self noisily. Hadley Sackett, red-haired,

stoop shouldered, shabby, elbowed his

way through the crowd, collapsed into a

chair and, with hands plunged deep in

his trousers pockets, apparently went to

sleep. During the entire time of the tak-

ing of the testimony of the prosecution

he did not appreciably change his atti-

tude.



In response to the court’s oft-repeated

question, “Do you wish to question the

witness, Mr. Sackett?" he shook his head.

He entered no objections; he asked no

questions; for all the interest he mani-

fested in the case he might have been a.

wooden image.



At first the district attorney was puz-

zled. _Then he laughed openly. Judge

Carroll's declaration that Hadley Sackett

was’ probably a fool seemed to be amply

confirmed in the opinion of all present.

and whispered jests at the young attor-

ney's expense began to circulate through

the room so that ‘the court had difficultV

in maintaining order.



Finally the last witness for the prose.-

cution left the stand. ._ loll?" r



“Have you any witnesses, Mr. gSack-

ett?" the court asked. ,



“None, your Honor,” was the reply.

“but. I would like to ask the opinion of

the court of a piece of evidence presented

by the prosecution."



The court consented and Sackett called

for exhibit A, which was the bullet, that

had caused the death of Martin Gladden,

and which had been removed in the pres-

ence of witnesses from the door of Glad-

den’s house. Sackett took the

steel-encased pellet of lead and examined

it closely.



“I notice,” he said, "that this bullet is

considerably bent at the nose and slightly

flattened on one side. Also on the flat-

tened side are a few shining particles not

to be found elsewhere on the bullet. May

I ask the court to verify my observa-

tions?”



“Your observations are correct, Mr.

Sackett," announced the Judge, taking

the bullet, “but I fail to see the value of

this as evidence."



The whispering in the body of the room

ceased. Everyone expected, now that

Sackett had finally come to life, he would

do something sensational, but he calmly

announced that he would have nothing

more to say until the prosecution had

presented the case to the jury.





In a few brief sentences the district

attorney presented the case to the jury.

He went carefully over. the evidence and

showed that it indicated beyond the

shadow of a doubt the guilt of the ac-

cused. Every link in the chain of evi-

dence was complete. Of course, no one

had actually seen the fatal shot fired, but

so impregnable was the case as it stood

that the testimony of an eye witness

could hardly strengthen it. Doubtless the

attorney for the defense would endeavor

to work on the sympathy of the jury to

induce it to return a verdict of murder

in the second degree, but he wished to

remind them that they were there to see

the law enforced.



As the district attorney resumed his

seat the spectators told each other that

Tom Edgarton would certainly ~have to

hang.



“Have you anything to say in defense

of your client?" the court asked.



“Yes, your Honor," responded Hadley

Sackett, springing to his feet. The young

attorney seemed to be transformed. No





. "And





runs"? ma-





little, '
.q-





mm! .11.» an.

longer-wash: the listless, the, indolent, the

sleepy. Every muscle and nerve of his

body seemed to be tense and quivering,

eager for the fray. His head was thrown

back; his face was flushed; his eyes glow-

ing and eager; his jaw set firm.



“I wish to state that my client lain-

nocent,” he cried in a ringing voice. “I

will present to the court and to the Jury

certain facts that will prove that Martin

Gladden killed himself!"



A gasp of surprise and incredulity is-

sued from the spectators. The district

attorney laughed aloud.



“The prosecution," continued Sackett,

whirling and pointing a long white finger

at the opposing counsel. "has presented

evidence which seems conclusive. He has

also shown himself to be heartless. He





 





 





 





 





 





 





Pg. 1.





was afraid that I would appeal to the

Jury to find in the second degree. Gentle-

men of the Jury, I do not appeal to you

at am 'I demand that you bring in a

verdict of not guilty.



3"It' ‘has ‘been shown' that only two rifles

in San Fernando could have discharged

the fatal bullet. Remember that one of

them was the property of Martin Glad-

den; that he had Just discharged it the

moment previous to his death. The

prosecution has examined his witnesses

carefully to ascertain if any of those who

saw Martin Gladden die heard more than

one shot. But none of them did; and it

is because only one was fired, and that

by Martin Gladden himself. It has been

shown that Martin Gladden raised his

rifle and fired at a. hawk which had just

alighted on a mowing machine not more

than fifty yards distant from him. At

the same instant he fell dead, shot

through the head with the bullet from

his own rifle."



The speaker was so evidently in ear-

nest, his words rang so clear and true,

that all waited breathless for him to

continue.‘ He took from his coat pocket

a small piece of brass and passed it up

to the Judge, who looked at it and then

handed it back. Sackett then presented

it to the Jury for examination.





' “That, gentlemen of the Jury,” he con-,





tinued, “is a brass oil cup taken from the

mowing machine upon which the hawk

sat the moment before Martin Gladden

fired the fatal shot. I can produce wit-

nesses to prove that it was taken from

the- mowing machine and that it was in

such a position that its top, from which,

you will observe, the cap has been lost,

was towards Martin Gladden. With the

permission of the court I will show the

Jury how Martin Gladden was killed."

,He reached under the table and took

from the floor a piece of heavy steel about

two feet square, with a hole in the mid-

dle and painted white on one side. He

crossed the room, opened a. door, and the

people, craning their necks, saw him

fasten the oil cup to a stout post which

had evidently been placed for that pur-

pose. With a tape line he carefully

measured off a distance of 150 feet.

“This," he said, “is the exact distance

Martin Gladden stood from that oil cup

the instant he met his death. You have

all observed a. bright streak on the in-

side of the cup, you have seen the bright

particles of brass adhering to the bullet,

and you have seen the flattened appear-

ance 'of the bullet which could not have

been produced by the slight resistance





 





   





 





afforded by the bones of the human’ head,

or the soft wood in which it was found

embedded. The prosecution has shown

that these rifles have great force and

carry a very long distance; and yet the

prosecution says that the bullet fired

from this gun by the accused, from be-

hind a hedge not one hundred yards

away. had only sufficient force to pass

through the head of Martin Gladden and

bury itself a quarter of an inch in a piece

of soft redwood. It is absurd. Had that





bullet been fired by Thomas Edgarton

from the road in front of the house it

would have been found at least six inches

deep in that wood.

Jury can satisfy itself by making prac-

tical tests with the rifle.

closely, please.





Now observe

I am a crack shot with





, ( i

FTQJL H‘s-“‘-





a. rifle, but as I do not wish to die as

Martin Gladden died, I have taken the

precaution to protect myself with this

plate of chilled steel."



He took the rifle of Martin Gladden

and loaded it carefully, placed a chair

on top of the table and put the barrel of

the rifle through the hole in the steel plate

which he braced firmly against the chair.

Then, kneeling. on the table back of the

chair, he carefully sighted the rifle and

pulled the trigger.



The short, sharp report was followed

by little screams from the women pres-

ent. As the smoke cleared away Hadley

Sackett stood by the side of the table

holding a flattened bullet between the





 





 





 





 





 





thumb and finger of one hand and point-

ing to a black spot on the white surface

of the plate with the other.



“You see, gentlemen of the Jury, I

aimed so that the bullet struck on the

edge of the oil cup. The concave surface,

while offering some resistance to the

shot, could not wholly check its great

velocity. The result is that the bullet

followed the surface of the cup all the

way around and returned, striking this

plate a few inches above the muzzle of

the gun. That is the way Martin Gladden

killed himself. He was an involuntary

suicide. Gentlemen, I leave the case with





vs





" THE MICHIGAN FARMER.‘





On this point the } Commence by making a pattern either





 





you. I demand a verdict of not guilty.”

Shortly afterwards, when a delegation

of the legal profession went in search of

the young attorney to offer congratula-

tions, they could not find him. *He was

walking out towards the Edgarton' ranch

with Florence Edgarton clinging to one

arm. Tom, on the other side, inhaling

deep breaths of the air of freedom, was

too full of his own thoughts to notice the

soft, wondrous light that glowed in the

eyes of his sister and Hadley Sackett.





MAKING H OT-AIR BALLOONS.





of stiff cardboard, tin or zinc, shown in

Fig. 1. It should be 3 ft. long by 9 in.

wide. Draw a center line from end to

end, and mark of! from one end six di-

visions 3 in. apart. At these division

points mark off dimensions shown, as 3%

'in., 6 in., 8 in., etc., and connect points

with a curved line, drawn either free-

hand or with a pencil tied to a string,

compass fashion. The pattern is then

cut out with a pair of shears.



. Having made the pattern, select eight

sheets of tissue paper of different colors,

a little larger than the pattern, and

place them on top of each other, clamp-

ing them and t e pattern together, as

shown in Fig. II. Then the eight pieces

can be cut out at once by keeping close

up against the pattern when operating

the shears. Commence cutting at a, and

cut from bottom to top. Then do the

other side without removing the pegs,

after which the top and bottom edges can

be cut.



The eight sheets are now ready to be

pasted together. which is done by placing

two together at a time, as shown in Fig.

III, allowing one to overlap the other by

about 1/4 in.; then they are pasted along

the edge from top to bottom. Ordinary

flour and cold water paste will not do.

It should be made by mixing a little

starch or flour in a small quantity of cold

water, and then put on the fire to boil,

stirring it all the time until it bocomos

quite thick.



When all the edges are stuck together,

a hoop of wire or bamboo should be

formed into a ring and securely tied as at

Fig. IV, A. The ring should be about 8

in. in diameter, and the bottom edges of

the balloon pasted around it' (Fig. IV,

B). Two cross wires are next added. as





 

 





 





.j arson? F®





. (I .1437

V’s‘f‘fit'k’.

¥9’-::§®





Don’t- Use Laundr—y

Soap on Your Face





JAP ROSE





“The Bubble Bath Soap"





   





 





 





 





 

 





 





 





is u uslled for cleaning your

skin cause it is the origins





transparent Toilet and Ba



Soap and is absolutely pure. Be-

cause it is made of vegetable oils, it

cleanses instantly, thoroughly and

refreshingly. For genuine pleasure

and satisfaction insist on getting





JAP ROSE





Sold by dealers everywhere





REFUSE lMl'l'ATlONS

Look for the hp Girl on every package.

A Large Cake for 10¢





 





Establuhod' 1889 84





.BINDER TWINE





. The best guaranteed Standard

Twine 06.25 per cwt. Standard

Manila 87 per cwt.. in 50~lb bales.

No bales broken. All orders shipped some day

received. Perla Green 200. per lb. in one lb,

packages. Try our twine and write for bargain

list of other farm necessities.





BENJ. F. FOSTER ESTATE. Allegnn. Michigan.





Farmers ::*;'.'..£".:::' New Laid Eggs





We pay premiums. Cases furnished, ,



Check mail hen eggs arrive. Write ‘ ‘



AMERICA BUTTER a CHEESE COMPANY.

612-14 Broadway. Cleveland. Ohio.





 





 





 





   

 





BINDER

IVAN“.





 





 





Direct to us.





 





 





 





shown in Fig. IV, A, to which is attached

by means of a very thin wire or a staple

a piece of sponge, wadding, waste, or

excelsior, well saturated with spirits of

wine, alcohol, melted paraffin or turpen-

tine (Fig. IV, C). Paraffin. such as your

mother uses to cover her jellies and





 





jams, is perhaps best. It should be melt-

ed, and the sponge or piece of excelsior’

well soaked in it.



To prevent the bottom of the ballooni

from catching fire, a small protector is}

made from a piece of blotting paper, as

shown in Fig. V. It is about 3 in. in

diameter, and slots are cut in to fit over





[79%





It should be high

enough to protect the bottom and near





the wires as shown.





sides of balloon from catching fire. Just

before the sponge is lighted, this protector

should be slightly moistened with water.



The top of the balloon can be finished

with a circular patch, or the ends pinched

together and tied. as shown in Fig. VI,

which shows the balloon complete.



To fly your balloon, select an open field

away from buildings, where no damage

will be done in case it does not go up the





first time. Shelter it from the wind while

:‘ighémg it. Do not let it go until it pulls

ar . ,





 





Farmer Wanted





In Be tember. 1911; the services of a farmer and

wife at ‘rosso Point Farms, Michigan. Must be not

over forty-five years old, experienced in market



ardenin raisin poultry, care of cattle and dairy.



ages. .(X). an house roe. Answer. stating ago.

experience. references as to character, habits, num-

ber and_age‘of children. if any. dress.





FKiMBR. {Butler Building, Detroit. Michigan.





LEARN AUGTIUNEEHING at; “£313





and Become Independent. Catalc e and com.

plete information F E l. rite ' today-

JONES NATL 503001. 0? AUL‘HOIEERING. m Washing-

ton Blv'd. Chicago. Ill. Summer term opens July 31.





ANTED FOR U. 8. ARMY—Able-bodied. un-

married men. between ages of 18 and 36; citisen'

of United States, of good character and tom rate

habits, who can speak. read and write the En Harlan-

Siege. For information nfil {Ito Recruiting r, n:

riswold Street Detroit. c i an:Heevenricli lock.

Saginaw, Michigan' Corner t a Saginaw Streets.

Flint, Michigan: 116 E. Main BL. Jackson, Michi ,-

corner Huron Avenue it Quay Street,Pcrt HuronJiich, ,





Lei Mo Siari You inte Business!I





I will furnish the advertising, ma r and the plans.

I want one sincere. on man in every town and

township. Farmers. Mechanics, Builders Small

business man, anyone anxious to improve lilo cone

diticn. Addrou Commercial Democracy. DOptD so. rim-pm. :

i





 





 





 





YOUNG MEN WANTED to LEARNi

VETERINARY profession. Oat-lo 0'

free. GRAND mpms vurnnimfi'r,





5

X ° COLLEGE, Dep. 11 Grand Rapids, Mich. ;





I /





 





zo POST cinns assign I oo

BEAUTIFUL COLORED FLOWER POST CARDS f

' your name or town greetings in gold on each. '0‘ 3





UNITED STATES ART. ISO Neon-u St. New York. .





Wholesale Fish Bargainsg‘igtodb‘figg“:

$1.75: 20-“). pail Family White Fish. $1.25. Send for fish

catalog. SOAIDIA FISH 00..Dopt. s. Duluth. HIM.





PIANO CAN BE EARNED “‘ LEISURE ”‘1" ‘°

' home. Will ship one piano

only in your territory. Write today for particulars.

THE BENNETT PIANO COMPANY, Warren Penn's.

PATENTS: Reward ofiers and Inven-



tions that will bring from





$5000 to Ten Hillie- llollnrs, and for books of In-

tense Interest to Inventors, send 80. postage to

Pubs. Paieni Sun". Dull. 88. Barrister Bldg" Washington. 0.3.





PRINTmG~For Poultry men, Live Stock Breed-

ers and General Work. Write for ,

terms. 0. N. MENDELS & SON., Gd. Rapids. Mich.





 





 





 





For facts about Prize and





 





 





When writing to adver-

tisers please mention the

Michigan Farmer.
“ T3811 -Hchedo‘





At . Home, ano Elsewhere





 





 





 





 





§Z§





 





J





 





What Do You Mean By “Devotion To MyIFamily,”





 





an‘s Imprchment Club I'e-asscmblcd



after the vacation. The members

were relating summer experiences. pre-

vious‘to getting down to the regular pro-

gram. One woman had labored through

a. huge volume on political economy; an-

other confessed to have read nothing but

fiction; a third had spent hours in study-

ing household economy; a fourth had

taken lessons in plain sewing, and others

had simply rested every spare moment

and calmly avowed that they gave up

ambitions with hot weather. The woman

who always says the thing that makes

everyone else sniff and feel agrieved here

spoke up,



“I decided last June to devote myself

to my husband and children entirely,”

said she in a self satisfied tone, “So I

have not done anything but my house-





IT was last September when the \Vom-





coliying by future generations of moth-

ers.” , .

And the experiment is worth copying

by this generation. Too many mothers

of the old, day and of our own make the

mistake of failing “to keep up.” it is so

hard when babies are little and the work

piles up and your strength is small, to

make the effort necessary to keep up

mentally. It takes a positive effort of

will to take the needed ten minutes or

half hour daily to do the reading or

studying or just plain thinking necessary

to keep your wits from dulling. But the

reward is surely more than ample for

the strength of will and body demanded.

There is always to come the time when

the children will look to you as the foun-

tain of wisdom, and if you are not pre-

pared for them how great will be your

disappointment and theirs. Self-culture





 





 





work. 1 found if I did that as 1 should

1 would have no time for reading political

economy,” and she glanced superciliously

at the woman who had indulged that

idle fancy.



“\Vhat has she been doing all her mar-

ried life if she has just decided to devote

herself to her family?" raged the political

economy member. “What else should a

married woman do, l’d like to know?

Doesn‘t she think 1 devote myself to my

family? Can't I improve my mind and

still do my duty by Jack and the babies?

I’d just like to have anyone say right out

that my work isn‘t Well done," and then

the humor of the thing flashed upon her

and she burst into pcals of laughter.



I suppose if one's work was always

done in a way to satisfy the old—fash—

ioned "perfect housekeeper," few moth—

ers of two children would ever find time

for much reading or study. But fortu-

nately for the human race, the old—fash-

ioned way is rapidly passing out of sight.

lx‘iIt-hen helps and approved methods of

slighting, now enable women to get.

through with enough necessary work to

keep the family healthy and happy, and

still have time for study. Kitchen iloors

no longer need to be scrubbed two or

three times a week, linoleum and paint

have done away with that. Sheets are

not ironed until as smooth'and shiny as

table linen, while knitted underwear

makes it possible to dispense with iron-

ing these garments at all. Simpler metlv

ods of cookery do away with so lllllt'll pie

and cake baking, and cream separators

take out a large and heavy share of the,

mother‘s work.



.\nd it is good to see how many women

are taking advantage of the time thus

given them. Mothers, especially, seem to

he imbued with a desire to learn.



“My brothers were always ashamed of

mother, after they went to high school,”

said one mother of two boys, “and I’m

just bound and determined that my boys

won‘t grow up to be ashamed of Vine."



“\Vell, they will,” growled the hard—

headed man of the house. “It's the na-

ture of boys to think they know more

tnan their mothers, so You might as well

spend your time visiting: instead of be-

ing always grubbing over books.”



“Anyway, I‘m going to try to make

mine think I know more than they do,”

declared the woman vehemently as she

picked up an English history. “If my

experiment succeeds it will be worth





 





 





‘ Drawn Work on Linen.





is as much an act of "devotion to one’s

husband and children" as is the baking

of bread or the darning of socks. And

in the way of mental improvement, re-

member it is far easier to keep up with

the procession than to lag behind for two

or three years and then try to catch up

again. DEBORAH.





GOOD DESIGNS FOR DRAWN WORK.

BY MAE Y. MAHAFFY.

No. 1.



Drawn thread work is the name given

to a decorative finish for fabrics from

which a certain number of warp or woof

threads, or some of both, have been

withdrawn. Its usage is well nigh on-

limited, since it is equally appropriate

for household linens and fancy work,

and for the various accessories of dress.

Its charm goes without saying, the mere

lace-like filminess of such work appealing





space of that number of canvas, hence

the pattern would be greatly increased in

size on the latter material. YVhile differ-

ent patterns are utilized yet the idea is

quite clearly exemplified by the two

samplers accompanying this article; the

one on linen of fine quality, and the other

on coarse scrim. The linen design is not

as wide as the scrim, yet it required the

withdrawal of twice as many threads.

One. must, therefore, learn to gauge the

width of her design by the weight of the

material, measuring distances rather than

depending altogether on counting a cer—

tain number of threads. This fact is

also plainly illustrated by the difference

of space required for the same number of

warp or woof threads. Quite often a sup-

posed square, made by withdrawing the

same number of threads in both direc-

tions, is far from being an actual Square.

Indeed, the tape measure will be found

a much better ally than thread counting

when it comes to preparing materials for

drawn thread borders.



In any drawn work, after the necessary

threads are removed the work must be

stretched in a frame, or basted smoothly

over stiff paper or oil cloth. Otherwise,

in weaving the work is almost sure to be

puckered, especially when using flimsy

materials as a background. The Mex-

icans use large frames on the order of

quilt frames, so that both hands are free

to assist in the work, a. great advantage.

These frames may be made by the home

carpenter, and if pegs or screws are ar—

ranged for the corners they may be ad-

justed to fit various sized pieces with but

little difficulty. By tacking strips of

strong muslin all around the edge of the

frame the article may be basted firmly on

all sides and kept perfectly taut.



In both of the samplers shown the

threads are withdrawn in one direction

only, the scrim design being two and a

quarter inches wide, and the linen one

one and'three-quarters. The edges are

hemstitched in parallel rows, three

threads of the scrim composing each

group, and six of the linen. In the scrim

pattern another row of the drawn thread

knots is carried along each edge about a

quarter of an inch in from the hem-

stitching. A thread is then fastened at

one end at the center, and is used to knot

every six groups of the hemstitched

threads together. Another thread start—

ed just beside the central one knots the

first group into two parts out a little dis-

tam-c from center, and is then carried

diagonally across the next group to the

Opposite side, where the third group is

likewise divided into two parts. Now

the thread again crosses the next group

at center, thus working serpentine fash-

ion back and forth as far as may be





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





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Drawn Work on Scrim.





to the most fastidious. It is known in

varying methods and patterns in almost

every country on the face of the globe,

even some of the most savage tribes or-

namenting their garments with it, though

in a rather crude form oftentimes.



It is applicable to any material from

which the threads may be withdrawn,

ranging from the finest handkerchief lin-

ens to coarse canvas or scrim. It is

needless to say that the fabric used has

much to do with the results of the work,

for, given the same pattern to be fol-

lowed on a fine grade of linen and on a

coarse canvas the results will be very

dissimilar. The same number of threads

of the linen would not equal half the





necessary. Another thread is run in ex-

actly the same manner, starting from the

opposite side of the central thread, so

that both ends of the various groups are

treated alike. The next pair of threads

separate the alternate groups into thirds,

while still another pair divide them into

fourths, the former groups being divided

as equally as possible.



The woven figures are now placed on

the threads which cross every other

group. A knot secures all these threads

together at the center, and is coiled or

wrapped around them a few times to

make a solid disk. The thread is then

wrapped around half of the groups run-

ning toward one edge for a. distance of a





JUNE Ii, 1911'.





\ .





 





USE A PORTABLE





BOSS OVEN





With Pamml GLASS D00]!





on your stove or range, either oil,

gasoline, acetylene, alcohol or can.





No more spoiled baking: or worry— No

more wasted heat—No more jarring or

chilling of oven. Housewives can see

their baking without opening door. Econ-

omy and convenience both guaranteed in

the BOSS—a polished blued steel oven

lined with tin and asbestos.





 





 





 





 





 





GLASS in DOOR





is guaranteed not to break from

heat because ItIs secured. by our patented yield-

ing pressure retaining strIps thch permit expano

sion and contraction. Glass OOT'fiII snugly in one.

piece beade d iront.and is held tightlyin p ace With

two turnbuckles, preventing escape ofheat.



Baking qualities and ventilation superior to any

other oven or ran c. All heat goes rI htinto the

ogen bottom, andIs perfectly distribute to allparts

o the oven by means of our patented BeatDeflec-

tor. Flame always visible through small mica.

windows. With the BOSS a baking costs_ less

glam a cent. ' It willmany times over pay or they

In saved bakings to say nothing of caved uel.



Ask YOUR Dealer to show you the BOSS

‘Glass Door Oven. IN SI ST upon seeing the name



'BOSS" stamped in the front of Oven. Then



you know that it is genuine and guaranteed.





FREE. Our valuable fiefipo Bdmf’kfi gunfight



'mnn coon e sun ac‘ '



1: pg awgstgvga. Biel’lt FR uon math?

on lln y n, xiv n ur ownmn

ealor‘spnnmoc and uddmuec‘. yo your





THE HUENEFELD C0. 2731 Spring GroveAve- Cincinnati)





.IUST_,NOW!





Serpentine Crepe isthe heightof fashion

— the prevailing vogue. It makes up

into the most: artistic

‘gowns, kimonos.

street dresses, loung-

iing robes, outing

suits, shirtwaists and

children’s dresses.

Costs so little that.

women of taste and

refinement every-

. ‘ where prefer ‘





\

huge?”

The beautiful designs,

as well as the black, white

and all the fashionable

plain shades, are a revelation— they

are really exquisite. You should see

them! To see them is to buy them!

N o ironing — just wash, shake out and





dry it —— lightens household cares!

The rich character and long wearing





quality are guaranteed@ by this





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Pacific Mills trade mark on every



piece. Look for it and r e f u s e



the cheap imitations that disappoint.

If your dealer doesn’t carry the genuine trade

marked Serpentine Crépe, send to us for free

samples and list of retailers who will supply you





* PACIFIC MILLS . BOSTON, MASS.

WE SHIPONIPPROVII.





wit/um! a ten! deposit. prepay the flelg I

and allow 10 DAYS FREE TRIAL.



IT ONLY COSTS,one cent to learn our

unheard of price: and mama/our 9J0:

. on highest grade :91: model bicycles.





FACTORY PBIGES ffitt’éii’é’:





a pair of tires from anyone at any prize

1 ‘ until you write for out large Art Col-log

' , r and learn our wonderful propel-flint: on first

i - . sample bicycle going to your town.

‘ i evct where an

‘ i , RIDER “GENTS mating big

__. money exhibiting and selling our bicycles.

W0 Sell cheaper than any other factory.



1' RES. Connor-Brake narwhoolo.

lamps, repair! and all sundries at half aqua! prim.

Do Not Walt: write today for our special qfl‘ar.

"MD CYCLE 60., Dept. 1-77 CHICAGO





 





   

 

 





 

 

 





 





plnoed anywhere. ut-

truu and hills Ill



) . fllel. Neat, clean,

ornamental, conven-

. icnt.cheap. Luuall

' leuon. Can‘tspillor

tip over, will not soil



or injure anything.

Guaranteed efiect-



. ive. 0! all dealers or





160 De Kalb Ave.

Brooklyn, N. Y.





WANTED—Girl or woman to assist a German





woman cook in the kitchen and dining

room. Permanent position, wages $19.50 per month

wtth room. board and laundry. tats Pa ohopathic

Hospital. Ann Arbor. Mich, J. B. DRA EB. Bee.





WHEN writing to advertise“ in» any "Saw

your ad. in the Michigan Farmer."





 





 





 





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./ it





 





‘T





 





 





   





JUNE 17. 1911.

—4‘

third of an inch, and is then woven in

and out between these groups for a like

distance. By running the needle down





.on’ the wrong side in this weaving it is





brought back to the center ready to com-

plete the other groups on this side in the

same way. Then those on the opposite

[edge are woven to correspond. This

leaves the threads which were placed

through the center, and they are‘ utilized

as the foundation for the weaving at

either side. The top devices include the

central thread also, giving these one more

foundation thread than those below the

center. On the four threads the weaving

runs out for a quarter of an inch on all;

then the two lower threads are omitted

and the weaving continued for the same

distance on two only. For the lower

threads the weaving is done over three

for a quarter of an inch, and the upper

one then dropped, the same amount of

weaving-proceeding on the two remain-

ing.



In the linen sampler the central thread

gathers the groups into clusters of eight

each. Three pairs of threads are then

placed at regular intervals on either

side of the center, separating these clus-

ters into their individual groups again.

These threads are made to cross between

groups, not over another group as in the

scrim sampler. so that between every

cluster foundation threads are laid for

woven devices. These devices are of two

varieties, alternating throughout the bor-

der. The Maltese cross forming one of

these devices is a familiar one to drawn

thread workers generally, having always

been a decided favorite for filling spaces.

Three threads, the central one and one

at either side, are used for the side arms

of the cross, the weaving running out for

about a third of an inch. The other arms

are woven over four threads each for the

same distance.



The other device used in this sampler

has therside arms worked over the three

threads, as before, but the lower and up—

per sections are divided, so that two di-

visions of weaving are placed over the

two pairs of threads, their length being

little more than a quarter of an inch.

Beyond these sections another is woven

over the central threads, one from each

of the other sections. A trifle smaller





‘ block is’then woven over the thread re-





maini’rié‘ :from‘each section with one from

the trio composing the side arm‘.





THE SUNDAY DINNER.





 





Nut Soup





English Meat Pie

Baked Potatoes in the Half Shell

Spinach

Combination Salad

Sponge Pudding.



Nut Soup—Stew one quart of chestnut

meats which have been skinned, in

enough water to a little more than cov-

er. Press through a fine sieve and add

one quart of white stock and heat to

boiling point, then add ample pinch of

salt and dash of white pepper, few drops

of nutmeg, onion and celery essence and

lastly, one pint of beaten cream.



English Meat Pie—Take finely chopped

cold beef, put in a deep baking dish, a

layer of the meat, stew lightly with

breadcrumbs, season highly with salt,

pepper, butter and a few drops of onion

juice; repeat the process till the dish is

full or your meat used up. Pour over it

a cup of stock or gravy, or, lacking these,

hot water with a teaspoonful of butter

melted in it; on top a good layer of

breadcrumbs should be put and seasoned

and dotted with butter. Cover and bake

half an hour; remove the cover and

brown.



Baked Potatoes in the Half Shell.——Se-

lect medium sized potatoes, scrub thor-

oughly and bake. Remove from the ov-

en, cut in halves, scoop out the potato

from the shell, mash and mix with salt,

pepper, butter and a little cream and

return to the shell.



Spinach Cooked without Water.——-Only

fresh spinach can be cooked this way.

Wash through several waters and put in

a stewpan over the fire. Cook for ten

minutes, or until tender, turning over and

over and pressing down while cooking.

When done, remove to chopping bowl and

chop fine. Then return to pan over the

fire and add a generous amount of but-

ter, and salt and pepper to taste. Sim-

mer five or ten minutes.



Combination Salad—Select two good

heads of lettuce, split them in half, then

wash them in cold water and shake them

dry in a napkin, lay them in a salad

towel, cut lengthwise some well-cooked

red beets and lay them between the heads





 





THE MICHIGAN F ARMER.‘ . (13)





of lettuce; boil. three eggs very hard, re-

move the whites from the yolks and. cut

up the whites into squares and scatter

over the salad; then cut some squares of

the beets and scatter over. Make the

sauce by rubbing -very smoothly the yolk

with a spoon, add a little cayenne, salt,

a large spoonful of dry mustard and a

teaspoonful of pulverized sugar. Mix

these well together in a basin with a

wooden spoon; then slowly add two large

spoonfuls of olive oil, and when a. smooth

paste, add three spoonfuls of the best

vinegar. This sauce must be served with

the salad.



Sponge Pudding—Mix four tablespoon-

fuls of corn starch with a little cold

water, then stir it into a pint of boiling

water. Add a cup of sugar and the rind

and juice of two lemons. Boil one min-

ute, pour while hot over well beaten

whites of two eggs. Mix thoroughly and

pour into a mold. Serve cold.





SHORT CUTS TO HOUSEKEEPING.





 





I supply each pair of stockings with

a large safety pin. The children are in-

structed when changing them to remove

pin and pintogether the soiled ones.

Thus the pairs are kept together and if

the initial of owner is worked in top

much time is saved in sorting them after

a trip to the laundry.—-—Mrs. C. C. R.



A good way to put away furs is to put

in a good clean box and then to paste

paper all over the outside. 01’ course,

put in a few moth bails—B. S. W.





Take a piece of yellow laundry soap‘





and shred amongst the woolen clothes

that are put away for the summer and it

will keep out all moths—Mrs. R. R. B.



Feather pillows may be freshened and

the feathers made light by placing them

out of doors in a clean spot during a

hard rain. Let them get thoroughly wet,

then hang in a warm place to dry. Spots

on the pillow cover may be removed with

a paste of Fuller’s earth and water. An-

other way to clean the feathers is to

place them in a cheesecloth bag and

wash them in warm soapy water, fol-

lowed by several rinsings in clear water.

Feathers should never be placed in the

sun—Mrs. J. J. 00.



Put pieces of inch board under the cor—

ners of your lawn swing. It will keep it





from rotting and settling in the grounds





—Mrs. J. W. T.





HOME dues—Es.—





Dear Editor:—In answer to Mrs. C. I.

will say that no baking powder soda is

used in this fruit cake. The thorough

beating as each egg is added “furnishes

the lightness," if I may use that ex-

pression—Mrs. S.



Editor Household Departmentz—I would

like to hear from some experienced per-

son, an easy way of ridding a house 'of

bed bugs, at least, easier than replaster—

ing and repapering and a general tearing

to pieces. Is fumigating sure death, and

is it advisable?—-Reader.



Read the article, “A Hint to Renters,”

in the Michigan Farmer of April 29. A

thorough fumigating with sulphur works

wonders.



A good way to clean stove pipes which

are clogged with soft coal soot, is to

throw kerosene-soaked cloth in the fire.

It is said that burning a piece of zinc in

the fire will clean both stove and pipe.—

Mrs. A. D., Northville.





 





 





A LESSON FROM FAR JAPAN.





 





BY ELLA E. nocxwoon.



In all the curio shops of the Pacific

coast cities are found the quaint, wise

monkeys of Japan. These are not real

live animals, but queer little forms of

pottery about one inch high, represent-

ing three tiny monkeys sitting on their

haunches in a row, or sometimes they

are placed in a sort of semi—circle. One

monkey has its hands tightly clasped

over its lips, another has his ears cov-

ered by the same means, while the third

figure in the group shuts out everything

from his sight by placing both his hands

over his eyes. There is a legend ac-

companying these figures, as follows:

The first speaks no evil, the second hears

no evil, the third sees no evil.



Is not the sentiment worthy of more

than passing thought. and may it not

Well be applied to our everyday lives?

Since this interesting little toy has been

placed where my eyes frequently rest

upon it, I find I am more careful in pass-

ing judgment. In one home it has been

agreed that the .three wise monkeys be

given a conspicuous position in order

that the members of the family might

profit by their mutely offered suggestion.





 





641





( .





Perfect ’

Soda





Cracker





Uneeda Biscuit are the perfect



soda crackers. The flour used must



meet a perfect test. The very purity



of the water is made doubly sure. Even



the air in the mixing and bake rooms is

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form degree. The sponge is kneaded by polished

paddles. The baking is done in the cleanest of

modern ovens. Then Uneeda Biscuit are

packed fresh in the purple and White pack-



age that keeps them crisp and good from



oven to table. Is it any wonder that





are recognized as the

National Soda ‘

Cracker?





Never sold

in bulk





 





 





 





C

Enjoyment.

Here’s an individual among drinks—a beverage that

fairly snaps with delicious goodness and refreshing

wholesomcness.





l





' has more to it than mere wetness or sweetness—it’s vig-

’/ orous, full of life. You’ll enjoy it from the first sip

to the last drop and afterwards.

\DELICIOUS —— REFRESHING

THIRST-QUENCHING

THE COCA-COLA C0., Atlanta. Ga.





Whenever



you see an

Arrow think 1: I



of Coca- Oll





 





I SAY—ALL MEN ARE EQUAL





before the law—but it costs money to go to law. You need not go to law to get full value of your produm

if you weigh them on your own scale, Buy the best and your word is law. Buy from me because for

forty-six years I have heen fighting for you against trusts and dealers alike, who say that because I think.

_ your money should buy as much as any dealer's, they will put me out of business. We need no agents

‘ you and I. When you tell me what scale you need I will offer you mine on approval—guaranteed to

suit—warranted to be standard and at the same price that your dealer would pay me. No better scaleis

madk no good scale is sold for less. My offer is free and saves you money.





“JONES. He Pays the Freight." :6 Lay 81..'Blnghamton, N. v.





For the Benefit at our Subscribers.





The Michigan Farmer contracts with one of the best Sewing Machine Manufac-

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Our prices range from $12 to $19 and we prepay the freight.



We have prepared a beautiful illustrated and descriptive catalog which

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THE MICHIGAN FARMER. Detroit, Mich.
.4." .





642 (14)





POULTRYm BEES?





WITH THE HOT-WEATHER LAYERS.



Laying hens which are still confined to

yards and runs require some feeding if

the production of eggs would be continued

throughout the hot months. I may say

that I get best results from a ration of

whole corn and a dry mixture composed

of 50 lbs. of coarse wheat bran, 100 lbs.

high grade beet scrap and 10 lbs. char-

coal. The corn is fed in the litter so the





   





 





 





.hens must scratch for part of it. “'e





feed all they will eat. The other things

are all mixed together in quantity in a.

bin where the feed is available when

needed. This material is kept where the

hens have access to it at all times, in

boxes about a foot deep into which is

fitted a loose rack with 11/2-in. spaces, to

lay loosely on the feed to keep the fowls

from scratching in it. This box is ahead

of any hopper I have ever seen and I

have used a good many.



I like to see the hens spend most of

the day contentedly resting in the shade

during the hot days. I am pretty sure

the feed is about right when I see this,

it‘ the egg yield is up where it should be.

\\'l‘;en I see the hens ranging about and

scratching up everything that is loose I

begin to think they are after something

I ought to be supplying in the feed and

I try to discover what it is and furnish

it or something to take its place.



An abundance of crushed oyster shell

will go a good way toward keeping up

the egg yield. Some experiment station

tests Show that the time from crushed

oyster shell is more available for the

production of egg shells than that from

any other source, and it is certainly the

cheapest.



I find this system of heavy fccding in

warm weather, while profitable to follow.

produces a considerable number of

l-roody liens. \Ve provide for these in a

wire cage open on three sidcs.- if they

are taken promptly, usually about three

.ays’ confinement breaks up the broody

lever and they are soon laying again.

-'-.fter the middle of July we begin to cull

heavily and market the culls. At that

time the prices are better than later and

we are able, by a little care and obser-

vation, to pick out the ones that are

;-retty well through laying.



Ohio. .1. T. C.

THE TAPE-WORM IN FOWLS.

Tape-worms have for some years been

known to infest domestic fowls. Previous

to 1895, outbreaks of this trouble were

confined chiefly to liurope. but a few

yours ago it appeared in one of the flocks

.11 the Maryland exptrimcnt station,

which led to a study of the trouble by

the poultry experts there and the subse—

ouent publication of a bulletin on the



subject.



The fowls affected were Plymouth

Iiock pullets and cockerels from five to

six months of age. ()11 successive morn-

ings these fowls died with almost no out-

ward sign of disease. All, however, on

postmortem examination, revealed the

presence of worms in great numbers in

the intestines. The sick birds became

emaciated During the course of the

trouble it was noted that the droppings

in nearly every case contained consider-

able yellow mucous. In this material were

found the tape-worm segments. During

the last stages, perhaps the, last few

hours before death, the birds became dull

and listless. The appetite remained nor-

mal until two or three days previous to

death, when they became too weak to

take food. Most cases exhibited a marked

diarrhoea. The feces varied much in

color and contained considerable slime.

‘ileath came very suddenly and was ac-

companied by convulsions.



The rapidity of the deaths in this flock

necessitated very hasty treatment. The

first step, as in almost any other trouble,

was the isolation of the affected fowls

from the rest of the flock and the de-

struction of all droppings known to con-

tain tape-worm segments. Large doses

of epsom salts were given, the object be-

ing to drive the segments from the in—

testinal tract as quickly as possible. Fol-

lowing this the fowls were given the us-

ual drugs, such as extract of male fern,

turpentine, powdered kamala. areca nut,

pumpkin seeds, etc., prescribed for tape-

worms. The amount of the salts given to

produce a. purgative effect, varied from

10 grains for birds from one to five weeks

old to 40 to 50 grains for one-year-olds

and over. For small chickens the salts





 





THE MICHIGAN FAR‘MER.





should be placed in the feed, while with!





fowls 15 weeks old or more the salts

should be dissolved in water—two tea.-

spoonfuls to every 30, 40 or 50 grains.





 





 





CULLING THE CHICKS.



In order to obtain the best results and

have the chicks develop into healthy,

sturdy breeders we must cull them close-

ly. \l’e must continually cull from the

time they are hatched until they reach

maturity.



The first culling should commence as

soon as the chicks are hatched. The

weak ones should be removed from the

rest of the brood and placed by them-

selves. They should be marked so that

when they grow to broiler size they can

be easily detected should they become

mixed with the other chicks. They

should never be allowed to mature and

be used as breeders. Rather, pen them

separately and feed on a fattening ra-

tion until they are ready to market.



Look over the flock as often as pos-

sible and when a weak or sick chick is

detected remove it immediately. This

gives the other chicks more room and a.

better chance to grow and thrive. An-

other reason for culling often is that

others will get a bad impression of your

stock should they see weak, undersized

chicks about the place. It is true that

chicks often overcome their weakness,

but if you use them as breeders, and as

“like begets like," this weakness will be

transmitted to the offspring and your

stock will finally become so run down in

vitality that you will raise but a small

proportion of the chicks hatched.



Indiana. 0. E. HACHMAN.





 





BREEDS OR VARIETIES OF TUR-

KEYS.





 





Largely as the turkey is bred today,

both in the old world and the new, there

arc. strictly speaking, only two varieties

~the Black and the Bronze. Of these

the former is more common in the old

world. and the latter in the new.



14y far the greater number of foreign

turkeys which come into this country are

bred in ltaly and Central Europe. They

are. smaller in size, as the climatic con-

ditions are. not so favorable for rearing

them. Many of the Italian turkeys are

grey in color, and so, too, are many of

the Irish. As there are white turkeys as

well as black, there are bound to be

grey. though no attempt has ever been

made to make a distinct breed of them.



The white turkey is found almost ev-

erywhere, but is not especially popular.

It is sometimes called the Austrian. In

America they go by the name of the

\\'hite Holland, presumably because they

were imported from the Netherlands, but

they have no special habitat. They origi—

nated, of course, as a sport from the

black turkey. They suffer a little from

the prejudice which still exists against

white fowls or animals, a superstition

that such are more delicate than the col-

ored. If certain strains of white turkeys

are delicate, there is a very simple rea-

son for it, viz., their numbers are so few

that breeders have difficulty in getting

fresh blood, and the stock becomes in-

bred in consequence. The standard

weights for white turkeys are: Males,

16 to 26 lbs.; females, 10 to 16 lbs... but

the larger weights are seldom approxi-

mated. No one need hesitate to keep

white turkeys; the hens are good layers

and sitters, and the poults fatten easily,

while so far as mere appearance goes

there is no breed more handsome.



There are fawn or buff turkeys, but

little need be said about them; they are

the result of crossing the Bronze with

the white. One variety, of deeper plu-

mage‘than ordinary buff, used to be bred

in Pennsylvania under the name of Tus-

carawa Red. Few of the buffs or fawns

attain to great size. and though some

breed them because they like the color,

they are not superior in any way to the

older varieties.



There is, however, in Belgium a breed

of some importance. called the Ron—

quieres, which seems to be the result of

crossing Normandy blacks with both

greys and whites. It is purely a. market

breed, and the hens are of all colors—

yellow with each feather edged with





black; white and black, and even pure.





white; but the feet are always white,

with white toenails. The typical male is

dark grey and dull tawny. They may

not be much to look at, but they are ex-

cellent table fowls, quick growers, and

carry a large amount of breast meat,

while the flesh is beautifully white in

color; the top weight is about 20 lbs.



In America, besides the universally pop-





.‘ats‘m‘flm mime-r.





ular Bronze, we have the Narragansett,

which is largely bred in Rhode Island.

Its reputation, in fact, is confined to the

New England states. It does not grow

so large as the Bronze, but in quality of

flesh is far finer. They are rather short

in the leg; the plumage is a. metallic

black, each feather ending in a. broad,

light steel-grey band edged with black;

the flight feathers are black barred with

white or grey, showing two narrow bars

when folded. In the hens the plumage is

much paler and duller. The males weigh

from 20 to 25 lbs.; females, 14 to 18 lbs.



The Cambridge Bronze is being crowd-

ed out by the American Bronze, which is

much larger; in fact, this breed is rap-

idly, as it were, swallowing up all the

others. Table poultry is always bred for

size, and as the Bronze is the biggest

breed it naturally becomes the most

largely kept. It is true that Norfolk tur-

keys are apparently largely sold at

Christmas time, but that is merely the

salesman’s description. The turkey is

plucked and not one out of twenty buy-

ers can tell one from the other under

such conditions. In breeding for table a

cross between the Norfolk and black and

the American Bronze can be strongly

recommended.





Canada. W. R. GILBERT.





ANOTHER METHOD OF PREVENTING

SWARMING.





There is another method which will

stop swarming and will get you a lot of

honey, but I'll tell you right now you

may look for some mighty ugly bees.

Aside from that, it is the best of any, as

it keeps the whole working force to-

gether. \Vhen you find a colony prepar-

ing to swarm destroy the cells and at the

same time kill the queen. After eight

days destroy the cells again, which will

leave them hopelessly queenless. Some

of the best cells should have been saved

at the time of destroying the queen, and

after a few days these queens, which by

now will have hatched and probably mat-

ed, can be introduced and you will have

no further trouble with swarms._



But remember the supers; you'll need?

one every four or five days if it’s a good

season. I've had them stacked six or

seven high on such colonies when the1





best of those worked on the other piansi





had only tilled three or four. This is be-‘

cause your whole force are working to-

gether. But don‘t use this method where

your bees are near the house or road, or

any place where people are passing, for

you can hardly get within 20 rods of a.

yard worked on this plan without danger

of being stung, unless you are protected.



There are several other methods of

controlling swarming, but as they require

special apparatus they are hardly adapted

to the use of the average bee-keeper and

will not be described here.



Mecosta Co. L. C. WHEELER.





FORCED SWARMING.





 





Excellent results are often obtained by

swarming the bees after the following

111anner: After you have had your first

natural swarm or two, and you are sure

that swarming time has arrived, and you

do not wish to watch a. month or more

for swarms, just finish them up in a day

or two. (10 to the hive that you have

decided to swarm artificially and remove

it from its stand, and‘put in its stead a

hive containing four or five frames, with

only startcrs of foundation. Place over

this a queen—excluding honey board and

a super of section boxes. Next take the

combs from the old hive and shake the

bees from them down in front of the new

one. You can shake them quite free of

bees, leaving only a few on the frame to

care for the larvae. There will be hun-

dreds more hatched out before night.

After brushing all the bees out of the

old hive, replace the frames of brood and

sent it to one side. Four or five of these

hives of hatching brood can be placed

on top of each other to retain the warmth

should the night be cool.



A few days later queen cells can be

taken from the parent hive of those

which have swarmed naturally and dis—

tributed among the other hives, at this

time setting each hive on a stand by it-

self. I finished a yard of sixty colonies

in just a week by this method, and ob-

tained better results than if I had waited

for the whole lot to swarm naturally.



New Jersey. F. G‘. H.





 





 





 





JUNE 17. 1911. .





COMES A TIME





When Coffee Shows What It Has Been

Doing.



“Of late years coffee has disagreed with

me,” writes a. matron from Rome, N. Y.



“Its lightest punishment being to make

me ‘logy' and dizzy, and it seemed to

thicken up my blood.



“The heaviest was when it upset my

stomach completely, destroying my ap-

petite and making me nervous and irri-

table, and sent me to my bed. After one

of these attacks, in which I nearly lost

my life, I concluded to quit the coffee

and try Postum. .



“It went right to the spot! I found it

not only a most palatable and refreshing

beverage, but a. food as well.



“All my ailments, the ‘loginess' and

dizziness, the unsatisfactory condition of

my blood, my nervousness and irritability

disappeared in short order and my sorely

afflicted stomach began quickly to re-

cover. I began to rebuild and have

steadily continued until now. Have a.

good appetite and am rejoicing in sound

health which I owe to the use of

Postum.” Name given by Postum 00.,

Battle Creek, Mich.



Read the little book, “The Road to

Wellville,” in pkgs. “There’s a. Reason.”





Ever read the above letter? A

new one appears from time to

time. They are genuine. true,

and full of human interest.





 





 





I WILL MAKE You

PROSPEROUS





If you are honest and ambitious write me

today. No matter where you live or what

your occupation. I will teach you the Real

Estate business by mail; appoint you Special

Representative of my Conipnny in your town ,

’ start you in a profitable business of your own,

and help you make big money at once.

Unusual opportunity for mon without

capital to become Independent for lilo.

Valuable Book and full partlouloro FREE.

Write tad-y.





IIATIOIIAL no-ommv: REM." 00.





If. It 162 lI‘m-den Build]

3' “AIDE! I "nohlnnon, D. 0. n;





 

 

 





Pro-Ideal;





 





BCIE NTI FIG R U PTUR E:CU R E





[1011‘ t Wou- o Colman 'I'rtm or

3'1“” Dr. Amer 11 Scientific .p-

nncoo -~ movable pldl conform to

every kind of rupture, no mutter how

severe. No under straps, aprlngs or

other Innoyinz features. Worn with

some amnion-t n on old pair of shoes.

Call It office or write for booklet. My

attendant for women Ind children.





 





   





 





APPLEY muss co. ‘

51-63 Poul 51., Gnnd RApItiu, Michigan

HOW TO MAKE THEM PAY



'lhe pleasures the work and the





B E E profits of bee keeping are fulIy cover-





ed in “Gleam'ngs m Bee Culture.” 6 months trial sub-

ccri tion 25 cents. eWrite for book on Bees and free

salsa 1330 tie—both fre





.ROOT COMPANY, Box 54. Medina. Ohio. ‘1





 





“ EGGMAKERS ”‘E'n‘é'. Ei‘é‘éfisiLsiflgi‘lhfs-i‘iii

WM. J. COOPER, Mt. Pleasant. Michigan.





 





GGS from the famous Blue Belle Strain of Barred



Rocks. the winners at Chicago ti: 13036011.] 503,

settin from special en of 8 hens. $9 from s ecini

pen ofIO pullets. Lake idge Farm, Levering, ieh.





EGGS FOR HATCHINGfii‘iiaE’l‘i’é‘S‘E

White and Columbian White Holland Turkeys, and

White Guineas. z. KIN NNE. Three Oaks, Mi'ch.





S Ce BLACK MINORCA EGGS—Lilly Ilarfor50 white

0 a and lots of them. 81 for

for 100.8 . A. BLACK.R . No. 6, Lakeview, Michigan.





—Rose or single comb cock-

Whfle LeghornsR erels. Rose Comb eg gen 81 to $2

per 15. Ray Graham,R . F. D. No. LFlint, Mich.





LILLIE FARI‘ISTEAD POULTRY





B. P. Rocks. R. I. Reds, W. W andotftes and B. C. W.

Le horn eg for sale. 15 for 1; 26 fro $1.;50 50 for

2&1. 85L LON o. LILLIE Coopersville. Mich.





GGS: EGGS. EGGS—White &Bui! Or ington,

White & Barred Rocks Black & White inoroasx

White & Bull Leghorns. Bose tit Single Comb Reds

Houdans & White Crested Bil: Polish. ll. H. King, Willis, Mich.





HOROUGHBRED S. 0. BROWN LEGHORN

.peOO 1-.100 Stock all so d.

LEWIS s'1‘. 000£PEN5LANDERP61L No. 4, Lansing, Mich.





 





 





 





 





E —Light Brahma. White Wgétnfdotte and Barred

Es Rocks. 51 a. settinis for two ttings.

. BISHOP. Route 38. aka Odessa. Mic igan.





 





II. I). II. Leghorn .cockerelsifiig .S‘Fd‘b 33193323

in season. WAITE. Gobleville. Michigan.



SINGLE 00MB BLACK MINORCIS;€,‘:,W,“:2§?= 2,2,;

$1. 50 per setting. R. W. MILLS, Saline, tchigan.

SILVERM GOLDEN and WHITE WYANDOTTES.





50per 15; $2. 50 v5,” 30. A few White Roosters

left, circular free Browning, Portland. Mich.





FOR SAL Rod 0'12““ R150'rolruii°.doti.I “1‘33





82 75; 100 for S5. BUELL BR8.. Ann Arbor. Mich.





—U 1

WHITE WIIIIIIIITTE .ffa“lht‘édw2?§l§“l‘ly. $23

pays. A. FRANKLIN SMITH. Ann Arbo .Mich.





 





 





 





 





DOGS.

TRAINED; f°xh°und9 and bound pups for hunting





fox and 0001111. Also co.liies Inoloso

Z-cent stamp. W. E. LE CKY. Holmesville, Ohio.





YOU WRITE W. ROSS. Rochester Michigan,

for those beautiful sable and white Collie Puppies.

of the finest. breeding. and from stock workers.





 





 





 





 

 





Bee Supplies and Berry Baskets.





Him, Sectlons. cnmh Foundation, Smokers, etc. Barry Enlistments:





can save you freight expense, and make rom t shi menta

your! for catalog. Will quote low prices on large guantpties p





M. II. IlUN'i‘ ti SON. 110 Condit 8L. Lansing, Mich.
.L





 





 





 





 





 





J UN E 17, 1911.





(Continued from page 636).





northern counties and none in. the upper

peninsula. The damage by Hessian fly

in the southern counties is the principal

cause of the decrease in condition of

wheat as reported on May 1st.



The total number of bushels of wheat

marketed by farmers in May at 107 mills

is 143,972 and at 91 elevators and to grain

dealers 165,555 or a total of 309,527 bush-

els. Of this amount 241,267 bushels were

marketed in the southern four tiers of

counties, 64,860 in the central counties

and 3,400 in the northern counties and

upper peninsula. The estimated total

number of bushels of wheat marketed in

the ten months August-May is 12,200,000.

The amount of wheat yet remaining in

possession of growers is estimated at 3,-

000,000 bushels. Sixty mills, elevators and

grain dealers report no wheat marketed

in May. ‘



Rye—The condition of rye in the state,

southern and central counties is 92, in the

northern counties 91 and in the upper

peninsula 99.



Corn—The acreage of corn planted as

compared with an average for the past

five years, in the state and northedn

counties is 99, in the southern and central

counties 98 and in the upper peninsula

109. The condition of corn as compared

with an average, in the state, southern

and central counties is 91, in the north-

ern counties 92 and in the upper penin-

sula 96.



Oats—The condition of oats as com-

pared with an average, in the state and

central counties is 88, in the southern

counties 84, in the northern counties 90

and in the upper peninsula 100.



Barley—The acreage of barley sown

as compared with an average for the past

five years, in the state, central and

northern counties is 88, in the southern





' counties'87 and in the upper peninsula 96.





Meadows—The condition of meadows

as compared with an average, in the

state is 83, in the southern counties 69,

in the central counties 94, in the northern





; counties 99 and in the upper penin-

, suia 104.

Potatoes—The acreage of potatoes





l





l

.





l

l

l

I

l

I

l

l





, since the rains the past two weeks, but





. wheat and less rye, than usual.





planted as compared with an average





: for the past five years, in the state and





southern counties is 91, in the central





' counties 88. in the northern counties 89





and in the upper peninsula 100. The con-

dition as compared with an average, in





~ the state and southern counties is 90, in





the central counties 87, in the northern





. counties 93 and in the upper peninsula 96.





Colts “and Calves—The number of colts

as compared with an average, in the

state and central counties is 92, in the

southern counties 93, in the northern

counties 89 and in the upper peninsula

98. The number of calves as compared

with an average, in the state and upper

peninsula'is 95, in the southern counties

94 and in the central and northern coun-

ties 96. _



Sugar Beets.-—The acreage of

beets Acompared with an average for

fihe mfg: fiveé‘years, in the state is 103, in

the southern counties 96, in the central

counties ‘101, in the northern counties 104

and in the upper peninsula 242.



Fruit—Heavy frosts during the first

weeks of May destroyed-considerable fruit

in the northern portion of the state. Many

leading varieties of winter apples did not

blossom very heavily, consequently the

prospect, for a good yield is not very

promising, early apples promise a fair

yield. The following table will show the

prospect at the present time for a crop

of the various kinds of fruit in the state

and the different sections:





sugar





Sou. Cen. Nor. Up.

State Cosé C055.4 002.5 Pep6



A les .....

P§§rs .......... 73 76 69 65 93

Peaches ....... 79 79 80 75 83

Plums . ..... 76 81 68 66 75

Cherries ...... 72 81 55 56 98





Strawberries .. 86 83 88 92 100

CROP AND MARKET NOTES.





Calhoun Co., June 10.——A11 growing

crops, with hay and possibly wheat ex-

cepted, are looking well. Corn is grow-

ing very rapidly, and potatoes are push-

ing up—so are the bugs. Oats are fairly

good and there is quite a large acreage

sown. Some cats are being marketed atl

330 per bushel as farmers feel that the,

new crop is practically assured. Some!

wheat is being marketed at 83c. The.

new crop is variable, some fields having!

considerable fly damage. The straw is'

short and heads come out earlier than

usual. Meadows have improved much





 





they are far from looking Well, and hay

will be a light crop in this section. I be-

lieve the amount of old hay on hand at

this time is less than usual, and by next

spring it will be still lower. Many farm-

ers are putting out sowed corn, trying

alfalfa, or other things to answer for

hay.



Genesee Co., June 10.—This section was

swept by a tornado on June 4. an im-

mense amount of damage to farmers re—

sulting. On many farms not a building





 





escaped injury and in several instances





all were laid flat by the wind. Silos and

fences suffered greatly; one dairyman

near Flint lost three silos. Loss to

standing grain very great. In wheat,





oats, barley 'and rye fields almost total

destruction followed the stbrm, as hail

accompanied the rain and wind. Orchards

and wood lots show hundreds of uproot-

ed trees, fine groves of sugar maple

among the number. There was no loss of

human life and but a small one of stock.

Insurance will cover but a small pro-

portion of the damage. Farmers are feel-

ing pretty blue. Still, the territory cov-

ered but a comparatively small portion

of the county and outside of that crops

are looking fine.



Lapeer Co., June 10.—Wheat headed

and promises a bountiful crop. More

All spring

(Continued on page 645).





 





 





i. THE ' MICHIGAN FARMER. ' (15)





(A short human-interest story written by 0'. W. Post for the Postal/m Cereal Co., Ltd.)





To tell you the curious story of how the mind

affects the digestion of food.





I refer to the condition the mind is in. iust

before. at the time. or fast following the taking

of food.





If he has been properly educated (the

maiority have) he will help you understand

the curious machinery of digestion.





To start you thinking on this interesting

subiect.I will try to lay out the plan in a general way

and you can then follow into more minute details.





Pawlow (pronounce Pavlofl') a famous Russian Physician

and .Chemist, experimenting on some dogs, cut into ihc tube

leading from the throat to the stomach. ‘





They were first put under chloroform or some other an-

aesthetic and the operation was painless. They wcre kept

for months in very good condition. ‘





Vi’hen quite hungry sonic un-appetizing food was placed

before them and, although hunger forced them to Bill, it. was

shown by analysis of the contents of the stomach that little

if any of the digestive juices were found.





Then, in contrast, some raw meat was put where they

couldn’t reach it at once, and a little time allowed for the.

minds of thefiogs to “anticipate” and create an appetite.

When the food was finally given them, they devoured it.

ravenously and with every evidence of satisfaction. The

food was passed out into a dish through the opening before

it; reached the stomach. It was found to be mixed with

“Ptyalin” the alkaline juice of the mouth, which is impor—

tant for the first step in digestion. Then an anal sis was

made of the contents of the stomach, into which no ood had





started with POST TOASTIES.





 





643





Some Day Ask

Your Physician





entered. It was shown that the digestive fluids of stomach

were flowing freely, exactlyas if the desirable food had

entered.





This proved that it was not. the presence of food which

caused the digestive juices to flow, but. the flow was caused

entirely and alone as a result of the action of the mind, from

“antiCipation. ’ ’ '





One dog continued to eat the food he liked for over an

hour believmg he was getting it. into his stomach, whereas

not, an ounce went. there; evcry particle went. out through

the opening and yet. all this time the digestive juices flowed

to the stomach, prepared to quickly ddgcst food, in response

to the curious ordeis of the mind.





Do you pick up the lesson ‘?





Un-appetizing food, that. which fails to create mental

anticipation, does not. cause the necessary digestive juices to





flow. whereas, food that. is leasin to the sight and hence

to the mind Will cause the complicated machinery of the





body to prepare in it Wonderful way for its digestion.





 





How natural then, to reason that. one should sit down

to a meal in a peaceful, happ state of mind and start off

the. breakfast, say with some ripe delicious fruit, then follow

with a bowl of crisp, lightly browned, thin bits of corn like

Post. Toast-ies, add a sprinkle of sugar and SUIHU good yellow

cream and the attractive, appet-izing picture cannot escape

your eye and will produce the condition of mind which

causes the digestive juices nature has hidden in mouth and

stomach, to come forth and do their Work.





These digestive juices can be driven back by a mind

oppressed with worry, hate, anger or dislike of the disagree-

able appearance of food placed before one.





Solid facts that am worthy the attention of anyone

who esteems prime health and human liiippiiicss as a valu-

able asset in the game of life.





“There's a Reason" for saying “The Memory Lingers" when breakfast is





 





Let the





Help You to





 





others have done, what crops

pay, where you will find a

market, what capital you

need.





tunity is young.

state and

These books give you an





accurate account of indus-

trial conditions. They were





785 Bee Building

Omaha, Neb.





 

 





 

 





Homeseekers’ Land Library





Home and Fortune





The Union Pacific has collected hundreds of land

books. each of which gives you uncolored facts re-

garding conditions in the thriving Pacific Northwest.





From them You learn what ' not written to sell you land,

but to help you settle your-

self in a land where oppor-





Write and tell us the

industry which

most interests you.

will send you the

books by return mail.





Homeseekers’ Information Bureau





 

 





 





 





FARMS um um nuns:

run SALE on EXCHANGE





, SnEEP FARM FOR SALE—223 acres. Sec. 19-30

Keene Tp. Ionin 00.. Mich. Terms reasonable. No

agents. H. W. POWELL. Ionia. llflchigan.





i O J .

l SELL FARMS ’étal’gina'ii’fillic°‘l§‘§§i3f R3233





Poultry. Write for list. J. 8. HANSON. Hart. Mich.





_w h. , d ’ . . I

FARMS WANTED pa? cfihemiléizizf’ifiicg‘l'éi

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erslocute desirable pro ortyFllE .. Ameri . I ' . .

merit. Association. 3 Pa aco Bldg. Minneapfiiiii. filial“;





NEW YORK Great farm bargains near Ithaca and

Cornell ['niversity. int 9 list. Semi

for free catalog. KEEBER & BARBER. thiica. N. Y.





' Poultry. Fruit and Stock F —

Northern Ohio A¥[ sizes. List. your fnrliimfgor

qtiick sale. W. . HURD. Collins. Ohio.





FARM AT A BARGAIN!





75 ACRES 8-room house and largo barn, near Hand

9 Station. only 1'3 miles from Detroit,

$4.500, Easy Terms. Perfect Title.



J. B. PADBERG, owner, 412 Moll'at Building. Detroit.





when you can buy

the Best Land In

. Michigan at from

$6 to $10 an acre





near Saginaw and Bay City. Write for mo and par-

ticulars. Clear title and easy terms. Stu eld Bret-L,

)owners) 15 Merrill Bldg . Saginaw, W. S. Michigan.





Literature will be sent to any one in-

terested in the wonderful Sacra-

mento Valley. the richest valley in

the world. Unlimited opportunities. Thousands

of acres available at right prices. The place for

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information. Sacramento I '

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70 Acres, $2.500, Part Cash,

Crops, Stock and Tools Included.

Easy drive to railroad and within short distance of



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We

right





   

   





 





   

   





 





Please mention the Michigan Farmer when you

Jute writing to advertisers and you will do us a favor.





 





2 heifers, 2 bu ls. 2 horses. wagons, forming machine.

ry, all tools and crops; if taken at. once. only



part cash. Full details and traveling directions to

806 this and other ood farms $1.0m. lép on p 33.

Stmut's Farm Cate. ogue, co y free. tntion .



E. A. STROUT, Union Bank uilding. Pittsbutg. Pa





I
,. <yvN - ,. I .~..-.





(16) .





”W"





E MARKETS - '





MAJ—LA, M





 





 





 





DETROIT WHOLESALE MARKETS.





June 14, 1911

. Grains and Seeds.



Wheat—Cool days have enhanced the

chances for the new crop of wheat and

prices have tumbled accordingly, as will

be seen by comparing prices below with

those of last week’s issue, fully five

cents being chopped off. The harvesting

zone is moving to the north and in the

southwest threshing is under way with

machine yields showing up very well, if

reports can be relied upon. In the north-

west the cool days have restored the

fields after the threat of hot days and

lack of moisture had scared dealers to

believe that the promising crop was

about to succumb to the action of the

elements. Liverpool has been easier un-

der the de ressing news from this coun-

try and the pressure of cargoes from

Australia. The world‘s visible supply

shrank over 6% million bushels. North-

western receipts at Chicago exceeded

those of a year ago as did also primary

receipts of that region, but the latter is

much below what the arrivals at farm-

ers’ elevators were ..the previous week.

One year ago the price paid on the local

market for No. 2 red wheat was $1.05 per

bu. Quotations for the past week are:





No. 2 No. 1

Red. White. July. Sept.

Thursday ..... 91 .90 .91 89%

Friday ......... 90 -89 .90 .89

Saturday ...... 89% 88% .8911, .8914

Monday ....... 87 .86 .87 .871/2

Tuesday ...... 87 .86 .87 .88





Germ—Primary receipts of corn were

about the same as last week and about

double what they were for the corres-

ponding period of a year ago. Shipments

were made in the same proportion. The





‘sentiment in the markets appears to be





for a continued strong trade although a

declining wheat deal may put on the

brakes on this market to some extent

and hinder advances that would come

naturally. Price-s rule higher for both

grades quoted. Offerings seem to be well

absorbed by the demand. One year ago

the price for No. 3 corn was 61¢ per bu.

Quotations for the week are:





No. 3 No. 3

Corn. Yellow.



Thursday ................ 56 58

Friday 56% 581/2

Saturday 561,9 581/2

Monday ........ 56% 58%

Tuesday ........... . . . . . . 56 (if; 58%

Oats-A. strong undertone restricts





selling and while receipts have been

good the past week the injury done the

crop by dry weather which recent rains

have not repaired, lends the market good

support at prices ruling above those of

a week ago. One year ago the price for





standard oats was 4115c per bu. Quota-

tions for the week are:

0 Standard No. 3

White.

Thursday 38% 3814

Friday 39 381,5

Saturday 39% 39

Monday 40 39%

Tuesday 40 89%





Beans.—This market is unchanged from

a week ago and sales are being made at

the prices given below. There is a fair

demand.





Cash. Oct.

Thursday ...... $1.87 31.92

Friday 1.87 1.92

Saturday 1.87 1.92

Monday ........ . . . . ....... 1.87 1.92

Tuesday ................... 1.88 1.93





Clover Seed—Interest is improving in

the October deal but other kinds are life-

less with quotations ruling as given be-





. low:



, Prime. Oct. Alsike.



| Thursday 9 ........ $9.25 $8. 20 89.00



‘Friday ........... 9.25 8.20 9.00

Saturday ......... 9.25 8.35 9.00

Monday .......... 9.25 8.35 9.00



1 Tuesday ......... 9.25 8.35 9.00





Flour, Feed, Provisions, Etc.

Noun—Market is slow with prices





steady. Quotations are:



Clear ...................... ...........$4.75

Straight ................ . . . . . ........ 4.65

Patent Michigan ......... . . . . ...... . 4.90

Ordinary Patent ..................... 4.90





Hay and Straw.——Market higher for

both hay and rye straw. Quotations on

baled hay in car lots f. 0. b. Detroit are:

No. 1 timothy, $23@23.50; N0. 2 timothy,

$22@22.50; clover, mixed, $20@22.50; rye

straw, $7.50; wheat and oats straw, $6.50

per ton.



Feed.——Prices are steady with a week

ago. Carlot prices on track are: Bran,

$27 per ton, coarse middlings, $28; fine

middlings, $28; cracked corn, $22; coarse

corn meal, $22; corn and eat chop, $20

per ton.



Potatoes—The surprise of the past

week was the sudden development of

strength in the old potato market. The

dry weather of May shortened the new

crop and now consumers are compelled to

use old ones again which has quickened

the trade and sent prices up 40@500 per

bu. On Tuesday morning hucksters were

selling old potatoes at $1.20 per bu. on the

streets of Detroit. In car lots Michigan

potatoes are selling at 70@80c per bu.



Dairy and Poultry Products.



Button—While prices have sagged a.

little from the recent advance, the mar-

ket has a steady tone and is fairly ac-

tive. Quotations are: Extra creamery,

22c; do. firsts, 20c; dairy, 16c: packing

stock, 15c per lb.



Eggs.——There is general complaint ov-

er the country that while farms are pro—

ducing an unusually large number of

eggs, the quality of the product is very

inferior and that dealers are very cau-

tious about taking them readily. Many

consignments are declared to be 50 per

cent bad. The warm weather of May is





/- THE MICHIGAN FARMER;





held responsible for the low grade of the

goods. Prices steady with a. week ago.

Fresh receipts, case count, cases includ-

ed, are quoted at 13c per dozen.

Poultry—This trade is quiet with an

easy undertone. Chickens are lower.

Market easy. Live—Spring chickens, 121,9

@13c; hens, 12%@13c; old roosters, 10c;

turkeys, 14@15c; geese, 8@9c; ducks,

young, 12@13c; broilers, 23@24c per lb.

Ghana—Michigan, old, 17c; Michigan,

late, 13@14c. York state, old, 17c; do.

late made, 12@13%c; Swiss domestic

block, 16@18c; cream brick, 14@15c.

Veal.—Market lower. Fancy, Sage;





 





choice, 8@9c per lb.

Fruits and Vegetables.

Cabbage.—Sieady. 'Seiiing at $2.75@

3 per crate for new.

Strawberries. Higher. The Michigan





grown are 75c@$1 per 16-qt. crate.

Pineapples.—$2.25@3.75 per case.

Apples.—Becoming scarce; only a. few

varieties on the market and very firm.

Steel reds, 86.50617; \Vestern apples, $2.75

@3 per box.





OTHER MARKETS.





 





Grand Rapids.



Egg buyers are offering the country

trade 12c this week. Dairy butter is

worth 17c and creamer'y is half a cent

higher than last week. The weather has

continued wet and bad for strawberries,

with fruit soft and sandy. Poultry con-

tinues weak, with 10c the top price for

fowls. Broilers are worth 20@24c. No. 2

red wheat is bringing 83c; oats, 40c, de-

clines of 20 and 1c respectively since

last week.



Chicago.



“meat—No. 2 red, 86%@87%c; July,



871,4; Sept., 8633c per bu.





Corn—No. 2, 54@54-};c; July, 5494c;

Sept., 5634c per bu.

Oats—N0. 2 white, 381,é@39c; July,





3834c; Sept., 3952(0-



Barley.—-Malting grades,

bu; feeding, 65(1750.



Butter.——The demand has shown some

improvement the past week, resulting in

an advance on all grades of creameries.

Dairy goods steady and unchanged. Quo-

tations: Creameries, 18@220; dairies,

extra, 19c per lb.



Eggs—Good eggs continue in rather

light supply and are firmer although

prices show no recovery from last week’s

decline. The market has a steady under-

tone. Quotations are: Prime firsts, 14c;

firsts, 13c per doz; at mark, cases in-

cluded, 11@111/2c.



Potatoes—Unexpectedly light receipts

of new stock, due to the failure of the

Oklahoma crop and to damage from dry

weather in other sections of the south

and southwest, have sent prices soaring.

Choice to fancy old are quoted at 95c@

$1 per bu; good to choice new, $1.80@1.90

per bu.



Beans-Market quiet; prices show no

change. Choice hand-picked pea beans

quoted at $1.95@2 per bu; prime, $1.85@

1.95; red kidneys, $3.25@3.65 per bu.



Hay and Straw.——Hay continues

firm with last week’s advanced fig:

ures ruling. Straw steady and unchanged.

Quotations: Choice timothy, $23.50@

24.50; No. 1 timothy, $21.50@22.50; N0. 2

do. and No. 1 mixed, $19.50@20.50; No. 3

do. and No. 2 mixed, $16@18; rye straw,

$8.50@9; oat straw, $7@7.50; wheat straw,

$6@6.50 per ton.



Timothy Seed.—The market is inactive

and steady, with the nominal quotation

of $5.60 per bu. still retained.





88@98c per





 





Boston.



WOOL—In both east and west competi-

tive bidding has advanced quotations

and, today, in Montana where the great-

est activity is seen among the field men,

contracts are being closed at 19c and

even 20c, which was the basis for opera-

tions 3. year ago. In the fleece states

prices are looking upward and farmers

seem much encouraged. Ohio mediums

are being sold on the farms at from 21@

211-30 and fine grades are ruling steady at

200. In Michigan practically the same

figures control. The light purchase of

foreign wools by American dealers is

due to the stronger tone and compara-

tively higher values ruling abroad which

now seems to be reflecting strength in

the home situation. Sales here for the

week amounted to 2,960,000 pounds.





 





New York.





Butter.——The decline of butter last

week proved to be only temporary, much

of the loss now being recovered. Stor-

age men are taking old of the market

a little and aiding the rather good de-

mand from retailers. Supply is ample.

Grass has improved with the recent rains.

Creamery specials are quoted at 23l,§@

24c; extras, 23c per lb.



Eggs—Market is ruling about steady.

Fresh gathered extras, 18@20c; firsts, 16

@17c; seconds, 131/9@14c; western gath-

ered whites, 17@19c.



I’oultry.—Dressed—Fresh killed tur-

keys, 13@16c; fowls, 11%@14c; western

broilers, 18@25c.





 





Elgln.



Butter.-——Market firm at 22c per 1b.,

which is an advance of %c over the quo-

tation of last week. Output for the

week amounted to 1,123,200 lbs.





THE 13/5 STOCK MARKETS.





.—





Bui'faio. '

June 12, 1911.

S ial re ort by Dunning &. Stevens,

( DecNew Y%rk Central Stock Yards,

East Buffalo, 1:7.dY.) 8 follows-

Recei ts of stock here 0 ay a .

Cattle, p175 cars; hogs, 16,000; sheep and

lambs, 6,000; calves, 2.100.

With 175 cars of cattle on our market

today, and 23,000 reported in Chicago, all

the strictly dry-fed cattle sold strong,





and 'in' some instances 10c higher than

last week. However, there were several

loads of the best, strictly dry-fed cattle

on sale here today that has been shown

so far this year. Outside of the strictly

dry-fed, all other cattle sold easy and

barely steady with last week. The grassy

kind of all descriptions sold lower, gen-

erally from IO@25c per cwt. lower than

last week. There were some very good

cattle shown here today, weighing around

1,250 lbs., but had been to grass, and

consequently had to suffer a decline for

that reason.



We quote: Best 1,350 to 1,600-lb. steers

$6.50@6.75; good prime 1,200 to 1,350-lb.

do., $6.25@6.40; best 1,100 to 1,200-lb.

shipping . steers, $5.65@6.10; medium

butcher steers, 1,000 to 1,100 lbs., $5.25@

5.65; light butcher steers, $4.85@5.25; best

fat cows, $4.50@5; fair to good do., $3.60@

4.40; common to medium do., $3.25@3.75;

trimmers, $2.50@3; best fat heifers, $5.50

@6; good do., $5@5.40; fair to good do.,

$4.25@4.75; stock heifers, $4@4.25; best

feeding steers, dehorned, $4.50@4.75; com-

mon feeding steers, $3.75@4; best bulls,

$5695.25; bologna bulls, $4@4.75; best

milkers and springers, $50@60; common

to good do., $25@40.



With 100 cars of hogs on sale today,

our packers were a little slow in taking

hold at the prices asked early, and bought

quite a number of decks of very good

mixed hogs at $6.50, but with the ma-

jority of salesmen holding out for strong-

er prices, they were unable to fill their

orders at $6.50, and finally bought the

bulk of the mixed grades at $6.55; york-

ers sold from $6.50@6.55, and pigs gen-

erally around $6.25@6.30, while the heav-

ier grades sold from $6.40@6.50, and

roug.. sows from $5.40@5.50. All sold;

market closing steady.



The lamb and yearling market opened

strong today, and sheep very dull. The

most of the choice spring lambs selling

from $8618.25; yearling lambs, $6.75@7.25.

Very little demand for wethers, few sold

to outside orders from $4.25@4.35; handy

ewes, $3.50@3.75; heavy ewes, $3.35@3.50.

Prospects don’t look any better for sheep

the balance of this week.



\Ve quote: Best spring lambs, $8@8.25;

wethers, $4@4.25; cull sheep, $1.50@3;

bucks, $2.50@3; yearling lambs, $6.75@

7.25; handy ewes, $3.50@3.75; heavy ewes,

$3.35@3.50; veals, choice to extra, $961)

9.25; fair to good do., $7@8.50; heavy

calves, $3.50@4.50.





 





Chicago.





June 12, 1911.



Cattle. Hogs. Sheep

Received today ...... 23,000 43,000 23,000

Same day last year..25,528 41,322 17,098

Received last week..46.191 127,047 104,566

Same week last year.46,546 97,702 72,022





The week opens today with plenty of

cattle and a fairly active demand, buyers

turning their attention chiefly to' fat

steers and .good butcher stock, these rul-

ing firm, while the commoner cattle are

slow and inclined to show a. weakness.

Calves are selling well, but there is no

rush to buy stockers or feeders. Hogs

show weakness for the commoner packing

grades, but on the whole the market is

not much different from that of Saturday,

sales ranging at $5.85@6.35 as the ex-

treme, with light weights going at' $6@

6.35, pigs at $5.65@6.20, boars at $2.50@3

and stags at $6.15@6.30, all stags selling

subject to 80 lbs. dockage per head. A

week ago hogs sold at $5.60@6.15. Hogs

received last week averaged in weight

237 lbs., compared with 243 lbs. a fort-

night earlier, 242 lbs. a year ago and 217

lbs. two years ago. The sheep market

was slow and lower, following last week’s

slump of 20@35c in sheep and 35@750 in

shorn lambs. Spring lambs of good qual-

ity alone have held their ground, but even

these were off today, being salable at $5@

7.25 per 100 lbs. Clipped stock was quot-

able as follows: Lambs, $4@6.75; ewes,

$2614; wethers, $3.75@4.40; bucks, $2@3;

yearlings, 34.256175. Last week’s receipts

of sheep and lambs were enormous and

greatly excessive, not only here, but also

at other markets, east and west, and the

only_remedy for the market is smaller

offerings. A year ago conditions were

Widely different, prices booming wildly

under greatly inadequate receipts, and

similar conditions prevailed two years

ago, at which time prices were very much

hiirglhaer than those paid at the present



Cattle have not been coming to market

for a week past in especially large num-

bers, and supplies of the choicer beeves

have been falling off in volume to such





an extent that buyers were compelled to-





pay 10@15c higher prices, there bein a

larger demand on eastern shipping End

export account. On the other hand, the

percentage of thin and grassy cattle un-

derwent quite an increase, and these had

to go at further declines to a large extent.

There has been a decided widening out

in the spread in prices in recent weeks,

such as is usually experienced when

grass—fed cattle begin to move in larger

numbers, and with further gains in sup-

plies of such stock, additional declines

in values are not unlikely. The best

beeves have sold at $6.25@6.50, while the

poorer lots of steers sold at $4.90@5.45

with sales of desirable yearling steers at

$5.65@6.40. The improvement in prices

was felt mainly in lots selling above

$5.85, with a good call for export steers

at $5.60@6.30, export steers for the Lon-

don market showing a stiff advance. The

general trend of the cow market of late

has been strongly downward, and recent

sales of bulls at $3695.30 were the lowest

of the year. Canner cows sold last week

at $2@2.70, cutters at $2.75@3.25 and

butchering lots of cows and heifers at

$3.30@6.15, with few selling near the top

figure. Calves sold at $3@5 for the poorer

kinds, with the better class active at

$7@8.25‘per 100 lbs. The market for

etockers and feeders has undergone a.





marked_redu5:_tion ~in_p£igela in recent"





1 .If—a—e'v-t .





" m .17. 191:."





weeks for all except the' better class of

these cattle; and the movement in the

others has been quickened thereby.

Stockers ,sold during the past week at

$3.75@5.50 and feeders at $4.85@5.85

Among the high-priced feeder sales Were

21 head that averaged 1,290 lbs. at $5.65

and a. car load that averaged 1,043 lbs. at

$5.85. Not many farmers care to pay

such fancy prices, but the abundance of

grass is, making a larger demand for

medium-priced stockers, and feeder heif-

ers are having a good sale. Milkers and

springers are in poor demand at $30_@65

per head, the best call being for good

backward springers and extra milkers.



Hogs have fluctuated back and forth in

recent weeks, ruling alternately higher

and lower, desirable lots keeping up to

$6 and over as a rule. The great bulk of

the offerings have sold within a 15c range

of prices, with recent transactions largely

above $6, and there was an excellent call

for good butchering lots weighing 200 to

220 lbs., these selling next best in price

to choice underweight bacon hogs, which

continued market-toppers. The ex-

tremely heavy weights sold lowest of all,

and pigs sold extremely well, especially

the heavier pigs, which were in big re—

quest for cutting up into fresh pork and

bacon strips. On recent extremely hot

days the percentage of dead hogs unload-

ed from cars arriving at the stock yards

was the largest ever known, with bad

bedding and overloading largely respon-

sible, and heavy hogs succumbed the

most. The provision trade is active on

domestic and export account, with ample

stocks, Chicago warehouses holding June

1, 130,301,793 lbs., compared with 121.175,-

065 lbs. 8. month earlier and 74.866.837 lbs.

8. year earlier.



Sheep and lambs have undergone ex-

tremely large fluctuations in prices of

late, last week opening active and higher

for the better class and the general mar-

ekt ruling much slower and decidedly

lower on subsequent days. To a large

extent killers got stocked up early in the

week, and their indifference later made

lower prices all around, especilaly for the

liberal offerings of poorly fattened sheep

and lambs that made up far too large a.

percentage of the daily receipts. An ex-

tremely large share of the receipts con-

sisted of spring‘ lambs that were bought

by the Chicago packers in Louisville.

The Colorado fed lambs are about all

marketed, and receipts have consisted,

aside from southern springs, of fed na-

tive and western sheep and lambs.



Horses have shown summer dullness,

and the marked diminution in receipts

last week failed to bring about a reac-

tion from the recent severe declines in

prices. The large percentage of inferior

farm horses that bore evidence of having





worked hard was a. drag on the market. -'





while there were not enough good heavy





horses to meet the demands of the Chi- i





cago’flre department. The bulk'of the

horses sold between $150 and 220, the best

demand running on horses of good flesh

that weighed from 1,500 to 1,600 lbs.

Prime 1,500-lb. mares went as high as

$275. F.





LIVE STOCK NOTES.





The domestic consumption of beef con- ‘





tinues to be checked by the high prices

asked by retailers, who have failed to

mark down their figures in accordance

with the reductions made from time to

time by wholesalers. Then the demand

is also lessened by the abundance and

comparative cheapness of vegetables and

fruits. Furthermore, the labor troubles

are exerting a. baleful influence, with

thousands of workers idle in the large

cities. The packers are not eager to load

up large quantities for future consump-

tion, as they believe that corn-fed beeves

will be plentiful through this month, if

not later. Many stockmen have failed to

make fattening cattle pay this year, the

cattle costing them too much when

bought as feeders at the start, although

the cost of feed was considerably lower

than a year ago. Since the pastures be—

came good the sacrifice of partly fattened

cattle has been checked in a great meas-

ure, timelygenerous rains putting an end

to the drought.



John Blanchard, a prominent large

sheep feeder, of Wisconsin, who was as-

sociated with E. H. ‘Walker and G. C.

Holtz in feeding about 2,400 lambs and

about 1,100 yearlings, said the day they

were marketed at Chicago that their re.-

tion comprised four pounds of ensilage

per head per day and a grain feed of 1.56

pounds. The lambs were on feed for 135

days and showed an average gain of 45%

pounds per head, while the yearlings

were fed 119 days and gained an average

of 38 pounds each.





Very few stock cattle are going from

the southern breeding grounds to north-

ern pastures this year. There are very

few young stock cattle for sale in the

southern parts of the country, and fur-

thermore, settlers are now occupying the

northern ranges, excluding the former

cattlemen and sheepmen. The time has

arrived for farmers to start up breeding

beef cattle in earnest. It has been dem-

onstrated by actual experience that beef

can be grown on high-priced land so as

to make a fair profit, and this has been

done often in Iowa, especially where early

maturing breeds were used and proper

attention was given at all times.



Several prominent land and cattle com-

panies in Texas are going into grazing

cattle enthusiastically, the grass being

luxuriant in portions of the state. One

company in Victoria county unloaded six

car loads of cattle that were shipped

from Fort Worth, the cattle being placed

at once in grass that was up to their

knees. These cattle are filling up well,

with more grass in sight than they ever

saw before, according to the owners, who

are confident the cattle will‘ put on 300





pounds per steer by the. first of Novem-J





bar.





 





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"443W;





5.4.»:

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V





 





JUNE 17, 1911.“

Tina Is THE FIRST EDITION.





 





In the first edition the Detroit Live

Stock markets are reports of last week;

all other markets are right up to date.

Thursday’s Detroit Live Stock markets

are given in the last edition. The first

edition is mailed Thursday, the last edi-

tion Friday morning. The first edition is

mailed 'to those who care more to get the





 





to Newton B. Co. 6 av 185 at $7.50, 2 av

at $6, 4 av 155 at $7.50, 3 av 150 at $7.50;

115 at $6; to Walker 8 av 130.at $7.50; to

Broad-loft 3 av 155 at $6, 8 av 145 at $7.50;

to Sullivan P. Co. 2 av 220 at $6, 8 av 140

at $7, 8 av 145 at $8; to Thompson Bros.

6 av 108 at $6, 16 av 145 at $7.50; to Ham-

mond, S. & Co. 6 av 125 at $6.50, 36 av

155 at $8.



Bennett & S. Sold McGuire 4 av 140 at





per early than they do for Thursday’s $7 25





a

Betroit’Live Stock market report. You

may have any edition desired. Subscrib-

ers may change from one edition to an-

other by dropping us a card to that effect.





 





.DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





 





Thursday's Market.

June 8, 1911.

Cattle.





Receipts, 827. Good dry-fed steadil:

bulls and all grades of grass cattle 10@

15c lower.



We quote: Dry-fed steers and heifers,

$6; steers and heifers, 1,000 to 1,200, $5.50

@595; steers and heifers, 800 to 1,000, $5

@550; grass steers and heifers that are

fat. 800'to, 1,000, $4.75@5; grass steers and

heifers that are fat, 500 to 700, $4.25@

4.80; choice fat cows, $4.50; good fat cows

$4@4.25; common cows, $3.25@3.50; can-

ners, $2.50@3; choiceheavy bulls, $4.50@

4.60; fair to good bolognas, bulls, $3.75@

4.25; stock bulls, $3@3.50; choice feeding

steers, 800 to 1,000, $4.75@5; fair feeding

steers, 800 to 1,000, $4@4.50; choice stock-

ers, 500 to 700, $4.25@4.65; fair stockers,

500 to 700. .$4@4.25; stock heifers, $3.75@

4; milkers, large, young, medium age, $40

@50; common milkers, $20@30.



Roe Com. Co. sold Breitenbeck 16 steers

ay 1,044 at $5.50; to Heinrich 25 do av 990

at $5.85; .to Parker, W. & Co. 34 butchers

av 720 at $5, 2 bulls av 880 at $4, 2 cows

av 975 at $3.50, 1 do weighing 690 at $2.50,

2 heifers av 700 at $4.50; to Kamman B.

Co. 1 heifer weighing 710 at $5.50, 13

steers av 972 at $5.60; to B. S. &. Co. 4

cows av 1,050 at $3.50; to Rattkowsky 4

butchers av 667 at $3.75, 1 bull weighing

850 at $4, 1 cow weighing 970 at $3.75; to

Sullivan P. Co. 1 bull weighing 1,800 at

$4.50, 1 do weighing 1,410 at $4.50, 1 cow

weighing 800 at $3; to Kamman B. Co.

30 butchers av 840 at $5.35; to Mich. B.

Co. 9 cows av 888 at $4.25, 9 do av 1,008

at $4.25; to Bresnahan 1 cow weighing

1,230 at $4.25; to Rattkowsky 7 butchers

av ,503. at $4.



Haley & M. sold Regan 5 butchers av

664 atv$4.75; to Breitenbeck 1 cow weigh-

ing 1,220 at $4.40; to Sullivan P. Co. 17

steers av 835 at $5.35, 4 do av 825 at

$5.60, 1 do weighing 840 at $5, 2 cows av

1,055 ’at $4.50, 2 do av 1,295 at $4.60, 2 do

av 875 at $4, 1 bull weighing 1,930 at

$4.50, 2 do av 900 at $4; to Rattkowsky

2 do av 980 at $4.25; to B. S. _& Co. 6

stockerlziT av 613 at $4.75, 2 do av 605 at

$4.75s,¢o Applebaum 5 butchers av 810 at

34.15539 [SullivansR Co. 1. bulliweighing

8.30‘ 81563.75, » 1 do weighing 640 at. $3.75;

to Mich, B. Co. 3, cowsav 950 at $4.25,

1. bull; weighing 780 at $4; to Regan 1

heifer weighing 530 at $4.35, 2 cows av

720 at $3.35, 2 do av 700 at $2.75, 6 do av

920 at $3.50, 3 do av 1,040 at $3.65, 1 can-

ner weighing 800 at $2.75, 1 do weighing

750 at $2.75.



Spicer-r& R. sold Hall 4 cows av 745 at

$3.25, 1ng weighing 970 at $3.50; to Regan

1. heifer-weighing 680 at $4; to Mich. B.

Co. 2 bull and cow av 950 at $4.25, 1 cow

weighing .930 at $2.75, 13 butchers av 775

at $4.65. .



Bishop, B. & H. sold B. S. & Co. 9

stockers av 622 at $4.25, 1 cow weighing

940 at $3.75; to Regan 4 heifers av 550 at

$4.50; to Sullivan P. Co. 2 cows av 935 at

$3.75, 1 canner weighing 800 at $2.75, 1

heifer weighing 910 at $5.50; to Parker,

W. & Co. 2 cows av 1,095 at $3.50, 2 bulls

av 1,345 at $4.50, 2 do av 1,185 at $4.50,

5 cows av 1,046 at $4.25, 4 heifers av 692

at $4.50, 1 bull weighing 900 at $4.25; to

Kamman 3 cows av 950 at $4, 3 do av

1,090 at $3.60, 8 do av 1,006 at $4.50; to

Goose 3 do av 1,047 at $4.05, 2 do av 1,115

at- $3.75; to Hammond, S. &. Co. 21 steers

av 1,125 at $6; to Sullivan P. Co. 16 do

av 1,120 at $5.55, 2 do av 1,175 at $5.75, 3

cows av 826 at $4.25; to Thompson Bros.

3 steers av 883 at $5, 8 butchers av 700

at $4.10; to Hammond, S. & Co. 1 bull

weighing 1,200 at $4.50; to B. S. & Co. 2

cows av 900 at $3, 1 do weighing 830 at

$3.60; to Mich. B. Co. 3 do av 993 at $4.50,

3 do av 1,140 at $4.25, 1 do weighing 940

at $3, 2 do av 1,200 at $4.50, 3 bulls av

1,016 at $4, 1 heifer weighing 740 at $4.75;

to Sullivan P. Co. 4 steers av 1,110 at

$6; to Thompson Bros. 1 bull weighing

1,120 at $4.60, 1 heifer weighing 900 at

$5, 2 cows av 910 at $3.75; to Hammond,

S. & Co. 1 bull weighing 1,370 at $4.50, 2

do av 965 at $3.75, 3 do av 1,310 at $4.50,

1 do Weighing 1,650 at $4.50.



Veal Calves.



Receipts, 985. Market 25c higher than

Wednesday; 50@750 higher than last

Thursday. ‘ Best, $7.50@8; others, $4@

7.25; milch cows and springers steady.



Roe Com. Co. sold Newton B. Co. 7 av

145 at $7; to Thompson Bros. 3 av 120

at $6.50; to Hammond, S. &. Co. 24 av 155

at $7.50, 1‘weighing 180 at $6, 35 av 140

at $7.50; to Sullivan P. Co. 18 av 130 at

$6; to Hammond, S. & Co. 21 av 140 at

$7.25, 15 av 150 at $8.



Downing sold Sullivan P. Go. 12 av 140

at $7 1 weighing 120 at $6.



Bohm sold Roberts 3 av 120 at $5.75, 11

av 170 at $7.25.



Splcer & R. sold Sullivan P. Go. 9 av

150 at $7, 14 av 120 at $5.75; to Walker

3 av 143 at $7.25, 3 av 170 at $7.25, 14 av

160 at $7.50; to Sullivan P. Co. 6 av 135

at $7, 12 av 145 at $7.75, 4 av 140 at $7.35.



Haley & M. sold Parker, W. & Co. 14

av 140 at $7.50; to Goose 10 av 132 at

$7.50, 3 av 115 at $6, 14 av 155 at $7.50:

to Rattkowsky 11 av 175, at $7.75; to

Parker. W. & Co. 19 av 150 at $7.50.



315110;), B. 8:. H. sold Parker, W. & Co.

19 av 140 at '37. 1 weighing 220 at $5, 15

av 1371at $7, 10 av 179 at $7; to Ham-

» mond, S. & Co. 7 av 160 at $7.75, 2 av 95





Groff sold same 12 av 135 at $7.

Duelle sold Burnstine 35 av 140 at $7.25.

Kendall sold same 5 av 160 at $7.40.

Long sold Newton B. Co. 7 av 140 at

25





7. .

Belheimer sold same 4 av 155 at $5.50,

13 av 150 at $7.50.

Weeks sold same 14 av 145 at $7.25.

Torrey sold same 7 av 145 at $7.25.

Lov well sold Mich. B. Co. 27 av 153

at $7.1 .

Sheep and Lambs.

Receipts, 1,708. Market 50c lower than

nesday and last Thursday on all.

t lambs, $6.50; fair to good lambs,

$5.75@6.25; light to common lambs, $3.75

@450; spring lambs, $6@8; fair to good

sheep, $3.50@4; culls and common, $2.25





3.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Mich. B. Co. 6

sheep av 120 at $3.50, 12 do av 110 at $4,

45 lambs av 68 at $6.50, 4 spring lambs

av 60 at $8, 30 lambs av 92 at $6.75, 8

sheep av 105 at $4, 4 do av 150 at $3.25,

23 spring lambs av 30 at $4, 34 lambs av

45 at $6, 23 lambs av 75 at $6.60, 92

sheep av 88 at $4, 10 do av 81 at $2.50; to

Hammond, S. & Co. 7 spring lambs av

55 at $8; to Thompson Bros. 13 sheep av

68 at $2.75; to Newton B. Co. 32 spring

lambs av 65 at $8; to Breitenbeck 14

lambs av 52 at $7; to Eschrich 40 sheep

av 83 at $3, 7 do av 100 at $2.25; to Fitz-

patrick Bros. 28 do av 105 at $3.35, 120

lambs av 74 at $6, 12 sheep av 90 at $4, 5

do av 110 at $3.25; to Mich. B. Co. 22

lambs av 78 at $6.50, 30 do av 82 at $5.50.



Haley & M. sold Sullivan P. Co.

lambs av 100 at $6.50, 2 sheep av 145 at

$2.75, 12 do av 115 at $2.50, 9 do av 87

at $4, 8 spring lambs av 53 at $6.50, 12

do av 60 at $7.



Roe Com. Co. sold Mich. B. Co. 80

lambs av 68 at $6.50; to Eschrich ‘15 do

av 70 at $5, 11 sheep av 160 at $3.25, 20

do av 115 at $3.25; to Mich. B. Co. 11

lambs av 55 at $7.75; to Thompson Bros.

13 do av 83 at $6.50; to Barlage 30 do

av 70 at $6, 11 sheep av 120 at $3.50.



Spicer & R. sold Sullivan P. Co. 8

spring lambs av 51 at $8, 3 sheep av 135

at $3, 3 do av 125 at $3.75, 5 do av 110 at

$3.25; to Newton B. Co. 7 spring lambs av

57 at $8; to Bray 11 sheep av 55 at $2.60,

13 yearlings av 95 at $4.75; to Breitenbeck

23 lambs av 75 at $5.75; to Young 13 do

av 73 at $6, 11 sheep av 105 at $4, 6 do

av 100 at $4.25.



Bennett & S. sold Fitzpatrick 15 spring

lambs av 55 at $7, 31 sheep and lambs

av 85 at $3.25.



Street sold same 11 sheep av 105 at $4,

8 lambs av 88 at $6.25.



Belheimer sold Newton B. Co. 21 lambs

av 70 at $6.50.



Torrey sold same 16 sheep av 100 at $4.



Duelle sold Bray 8 sheep av 88 at $4.25.



Weeks sold Parker, W. & Co. 27 lambs

av 85 at $5.50, 3 sheep av 150 at $3.50.



Hogs.



Receipts, 3,947. Nothing sold up to noon.

Looks like steady last week’s prices.



Range of prices: Light to good butch-

ers, $6.05@6.10; pigs, $6; light yorkers,

$6.05@6.10; heavy, $6.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Hammond, S. &

00. 1,250 av 180 at $6.10, 1,210 av 175 at

$6.05, 320 av 160 at $6.



Spicer & R. sold Parker, W. & Co. 425

av 190 at $6.10, 325 av 180 at $6.05.



Haley & M. sold same 245 av 180 at

$6 10, 250 av 170 at $6.05, 150 av 150 at $6.



Roe Com. Co. sold Sullivan P. Co. 143

av 180 at $6.05, 350 av 1.90 at $6.10, 40 av

190 at $6.





Friday’s Market.

June 9, 1911.

Cattle.

Receipts this week, 1,130; last week,





1,139. Market dull at Thursday's prices.

Extra dry-fed steers and heifers, $5.75@

6; steers and heifers, 1,000 to 1,200, $5.25

@550; do. 800 to 1,000, $4.75@5.25; grass

steers and heifers that are fat, 800 to

1,000, $4.50@5; do. 500 to 700, $4@4.75;

choice fat cows, $4.25; good fat cows,

$3.75@4; common cows, $3.25@3.50; can-

ners, $2.75@3; choice heavy bulls, $4.50;

fair to good bologna bulls, $4@4.25; stock

bulls, $3.50@4; choice feeding steers, 800

to 1,000, $4.75@5.25; fair feeding steers,

800 to 1,000, $4@4.50; choice stockers, 500

to 700, $4.25@4.50; fair stockers, 500 to

700, $3.75@4.25; stock heifers, $3.25@3.75;

milkers, large, young, medium age. $40@

50; common milkers, $20@30.

Veal Calves. -





Receipts this week, 1,482; last week,

1,658. Market 250 higher than on Thurs-

day; quality common. Best, $7.50@8;

others, $4@7. Milch cows and springers

steady.



Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts this week, 2,191; last week,

1,794. Market steady at Thursday’s

prices. Best lambs, $6.50; fair to good

lambs, $5.75@6.25; light to common lambs

$3.75@4.75; spring lambs, $5@7.75; fair to

good sheep, $3.50@4; culls to common,

$2.50@3.



Hogs.





Receipts this week, 5,946; last week,

7,000. Market 50 higher than on Thurs-

day. Light to good butchers, $6.10; pigs,

$5.90@6; light yorkers, $6.10; heavy.

“@605.





Vi'estern packing since March 1 has as-

gregated up to latest accounts 4,665,000

hogs, showing an increase of 1.520.000

hogs compared with a year ago. Recent

weekly slaughterings at westernpacking

points have aggregated 580,000 hogs, com-

pared with 645,000 a few weeks ago, 305,-.

000 a year ago and 485,000 two years ago.





THE MICHIGANFARMER.‘





(Continued from page 643).





crops looking fine. Meadows excellent.

Pasture good and all stock looking well.

Corn badly damaged on hilly ground by

the washing out in the storm of June 4,

some fields being nearly ruined. Culti-

vation has begun on level ground. Al-

falfa is receiving some attention in this

section and good crops are secured when

land has been properly fitted. Beginning

to bloom and will soon be ready for first

cutting. Farmers are planting potatoes

and fitting bean ground. No cherries,

and not many apples.



Sanllac 00., June 9.——We are enjoying

the finest growing weather yet this sea-

son. At the present time it is raining,

which soaks the hay, oats and wheat.

and maturing the latter rapidly, which

promises a fine crop this season. Pota-

toes about all planted, not a very large

acreage. Heire in Sanilac beans are

grown quite extensively and the principal

task of the farmer is preparing a good

seed bed for this crop. The price of

wool has strengthened surprisingly, 19c

now being paid for medium grade. Beans

rather dull in price, $1.70 for hand picked.

Any hay that is not needed is being sold

at a fancy price, $18 per ton in some

cases. Small pigs are selling at $5 per

pair. Butter and eggs are still low.





Ohio.



Carroll 60., June 11.—We had a storm

down here the 4th of June which 'blew

many fruit trees down. Farmers have

finished shearing sheep and are busy

working corn now. Buckwheat not sown

yet, but farmers got the ground ready.

It is very dry, and the hay crop will not

be very good. Rye looks very nice and

will be a good crop. Corn, 600; wheat,

900; buckwheat, $1; eggs, 15c; butter,





200 per lb.

Wisconsin.





Ashland 00., June 1.—June lst is here

and finds northern Wisconsin farmers

with broad smiles on their faces as there

have been no frosts since April and we

have had an abundance of rain and oc-

casional showers still continue. Al-

though Ashland county is noted for its

heavy growth of grasses never in the

history of the oldest settler has such a

growth been known. The weather has

been warm and all grains have attained

a large growth for this time of year.

Corn and potatoes are fine but the weeds

are fine also and hard work and quick

action is the only way to success with

these two crops. Potato bugs are plenti-

ful and according to advance agents will

be a full crop. Garden truck and all root

crops are firm, and could not be improved

upon. There is but very little alfalfa

raised here but same is coming on nicely

and will be ready to cut by June 18th or

20th. The acreage of corn is greatly in

excess of former years. A few silos are

going up and those who are not putting

them up are planting an acre or two of

ensilage corn so as to find out if it can

be raised. The acreage of potatoes is

also heavier than last year. The demand

for hay is not large at present. One car





r

(17)





645.;





just received bought at $20.50 delivered.

Potatoes, old, good stock, 50c; butter,

dairy, 250; eggs, 22c.





“THE PEOPLE'S HOME LIBRARY."





 





The above is the title of a first-class

book of practical information recently is-

sued by the R. C. Barnum Publishing Co...

of Cleveland, Ohio. It is a big volume,

being, in fact, three books in one volume

of 1,031 pages. The first book of the vol-

ume is “The People’s Home Medical

Book," which contains 478 pages. It con-

tains simple but accurate information re-

garding practically every ill to which the

human body is subject, and is compiled

by Dr. T. J. Ritter, a physician of repute,

who has been connected with the Uni-

versity of Michigan as assistant to the

Chair of Theory and Practice of Medi-

cine, and who has been in the actual

practice of medicine for over 30 years

and has had a large hospital experience.

The information which it contains is

couched in simple, rather than technical

language, as befits a “people’s" book, and

is of the kind that is needed in every

family. In addition the book contains a

section devoted to the publication of val-

uable home remedies gathered from the

people in all sections of the country. An—

other section gives the medicinal uses of

all common herbs and plants, thus mak-

ing it especially valuable for country peo—

ple. Another section is devoted to patent

medicines, giving the formulas of the

more valuable of these secret remedies.

“The People’s Home Receipt Book,”

which is the second book of the volume,

was written by Mrs. Alice Gitchell Kirk,

formerly assistant at Chicago University,

and at present secretary of the Associ-

ated Clubs of Domestic Science. This

book contains over 200 of Mrs. Kirk's

choice recipes arranged in the form used

in her "card index" recipes, which en-

ables one to tell at a glance just what

materials are required and the quantities

of each. In addition there are a large

number of choice “home recipes" which

will enable the housekeeper to rival

“mother's cooking." , “The People’s Home

Stock Book," the third in the volume, is

of especial value to all stock owners. It

was written by Dr. W. C. Fair, for 15

years editor of the Veterinary Depart—

ment of the Michigan Farmer. Dr. Fair

is one of the most experienced prac-

titioners and widely recognized veterinary

authorities in America. He is also one

of the most direct and practical of men,

and his long service as veterinary editor

of the Michigan Farmer has peculiarly

fitted him for the compilation of a book

of especial value to Michigan stock own-

ers. In addition to describing the dis-

eases to which domestic animals are sub-

ject, and prescribing the best methods of

treatment for the same, the book tells

how to break, train and educate horses,

how to examine them for soundness, how

to feed, shoe, etc. This is a subscription

book which can be had only through an

agent or from the publishers. Price in

cloth binding. $3.75; in leather, $4.50.





 





 





Balers to Clean





With hay at its





make more mone

in a whole year.





The Motor Press is a combination Sandwich

All-Steel Belt Power Press and high-grade gasoline

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This outfit bales 2% to 3% tons per hour. Has self-

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Has no condenser box, needs no foot camping-—

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no high 3 ee nia-

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Bales 3%Tom

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This New Press Enabes Hay .





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Up SID a Day





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Outfit of best, most substantial construction

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Sandwich All-Steel Motor Press





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TAKE CARE OF THE TREES.



Prof. Davey, of Ohio, a natural tree

expert says, among other things, that it

never was designed by the Creator that

trees, any more than animals, should

drag through an existence in a diseased

or half dead condition. When timely

measures are taken to eradicate and ward

off disease, it takes but comparatively

light effort to keep the trees healthy and

thus prolong their longevity and add

many fold to their careers for usefulness.

He insists that apple and pear trees

should reach the age of 300 years in good

bearing condition. Oak trees, when used

for ornament, or shade should reach the

age of 1,000 years. In fact, if proper

care and attention should be given to the

shade trees in cities and along country

roads it would be almost impossible to

draw a limit upon their existence.



A healthy tree will produce wholesome

fruit, and it is not possible for diseased

trees to produce sound fruit. It should

be very obvious that when pure sap

passes through sickening virus it cannot

be expected that the factory of leaves can

make pure blood from such polluted mat-

ter, and it naturally follows that whole-

some fruit cannot be made from such

material. The importance of keeping the

body of tree by all available means from

all kinds of fungus disease, cannot be

overestimated. 4



Ignorance in pruning is also a great

factor in cutting off four-fifths of the

natural life of a tree. Leaves make all

the timber of forest trees and the hear—

ing branches of fruit trees. livery time

a live limb is cut off respiration and cir-

culation is disturbed. The stumps of such

limbs should never be left torn and bleed-

ing but should always be protected with

a covering of thick paint.



It should always be borne in mind that

a tree is a living creature and that it

draws life and nourishment from sources

far beneath the surface of the earth.

Ample room for its spreading and search-

ing hair roots should be given. The

space required by the spreading branches

should be the measure of required room

for roots in rendering necessary service.

Such service is always greatly impaired.

\Yhen fruit trees are crowded too closely

together a serious mistake is made.



Prof. Davey insists upon the principle

that there is neither luck nor chance in

the planting, caring for and preserving of

trees. It is all a matter of cause and

effect. Divine rules inexorably govern

in all realms of life, animate or inani—

mate. The inorganic life of a tree is as

real as the organic life of an animal.

Modifications may be made as conditions

demand or require.



As we are living in days especially not-

ed for deforestation the situation should

be met with an increased desire for

planting trees. The genius of manufac—

turers has been skillfully shown in sub-

stituting different kinds of metal for

wood in the turning out of their great

variety of products. A genius has not

yet been made manifest, however, for

substituting something to do the work

of tree in their continual pumping of

water, when covered with foliage, from

far beneath the surface and sending forth

the invisible tides of refreshment, making

life tolerable to man and beast and fur-

nishing the only possible means for the

growth of all plant life.





 





IRRIGATION IN THE EAST.





 





 





The interest awakened by the an-

nouncement of results from irrigating or-

chard land in New York state a year

ago, and the investment in such an en-

terprise in Van Buren county of this

state, makes a consideration of things

new along this line important to the in-

tensive cultivator. \Ve are acquainted

with a sprinkling system of irrigation in

operation in \Vayue county, and while

we have no figures at hand to tell what

the dividends have been upon the capital

invested in the plant we have been as-

sured that the owners have found it an

exceedingly valuable addition to their

property, and for this reason as well as

the general interest manifested, we are

herewith printing an account of govern-

ment investigations with such systems of

irrigation. Of course, it is understood

that only the man with a limited space

of ground which he desires to secure the

highest income from, would undertake to

install an irrigating plant, but we are

being gradually convinced by the evi-





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





dence coming from those who are leading

the way, that it will not be long when

the man who is confined to a small space

of land cannot afford not to have such a

plant installed. Followmg is what the

government has to say as to her findings





concerning sprinkling systems:





\X’hile irrigation by the use of whirling

sprinklers is not a new idea, having been

successfully and profitably practiced in

various places in connection principally

with truck-farming operations, it is

something of an innovation to undertake

the watering of general field crops by this

method.



Apple growers in the vicinity of Chelan,

lVash., are this season installing sprink-

ling systems also, and during the sum-

mer the whirlers will be going in many

orchards.



Albert Seiter, a successful orchardist

of Moran Prairie, near Spokane, last year

installed such a system and was greatly

pleased with the results. also demonstrat-

ing to his satisfaction the advantages of

applying water in this way. A novel idea

was to place a light dressing of straw

beneath the trees to prevent the sprink-

ling from beating the ground so as to

compact and crust the surface. He has

some old Jonathan apple trees which nev-

er produced fruit of marketable size until

last year, when by irrigating them with

sprinklers a very heavy yield was ob~

tained, most of the apples being larger

than four-tier.



Another system of sprinkling that is

meeting with much favor and being wide-

ly adopted by truck farmers, berry grow-

ers and green-house men throughout the

eastern, central and southern states con-

sists of running parallel lines of galvan-

ized iron pipe, elevated high enough above

the ground to permit free passage of men

and teams beneath in carrying on the

cultural operations. These pipes, or noz-

zle lines, as they. are called, are usually

set 40 to 60 feet apart and supported on

top of posts about seven to eight feet

high.



Small brass nozzles are screwed into

the parallel pipes at intervals of from

three to four feet and when the system

is in operation thousands of tiny streams

shoot forth, producing a result almost

like natural rain over the area between

the nozzle lines. The pipes are so ar-

ranged that they can be revolved to give

the jets whatever angle is desired in

leaving the nozzles.



The state of Washington has now

about a dozen installations of this type

and the system also is growing in popu-

larity in Oregon and California.



Sprinkling by whatever system is a

more expensive way of irrigating than

by means so far commonly employed and

it will doubtless be some time before it

is very generally practiced; but in places

where water is very expensive or where

the land is either too irregular to permit

of grading or so sandy that heavy losses

occur by deep percolation, irrigation by

some system of sprinkling may often be

profitably done. Costs of installation and

operation are heavy for such systems,

however, and intensive farming, yielding

large returns per acre, must be the rule

where sprinkling systems are employed.





GOOSEBERRY MILDEW.



All gooseberry growers who have the

least reason to suspect infection are ad—

vised to spray their bushes with a solu—

tion of liver of sulphur (potassium sul—

phide) from the time the leaves open

until the fruit is set. A solution of half

an ounce to a gallon and a half of water

is recommended for the first spraying,

and the strength should be increased to

a solution of half an ounce to one gallon

of water at the second spraying. In

some cases it has been found that spray—

ing with a half ounce to the gallon of

water has injured the leaves of the goose-

berry. Growers should therefore carefully

note the effects of the first spraying, and

if the leaves appear to have suffered any

injury from the weak solution, the

stronger solution should not be used. On

the other hand, if a spray of half an

ounce to the gallon does no harm, the

grower may resort to somewhat stronger

spray fluids. The spray should be ap-

plied at intervals of from fourteen to

twenty days.



It must be understood, however, that

the liver of sulphur spray is recommend-

ed as a preventive, and that it cannot be

relied upon to produce a cure. .The best

means to be adopted to effect a cure will

vary in different cases. The following

are suggestions for guidance. Growers

must remember that during the summer

months the spores which spread the in-

fection are very readily carried from





 





plant to plant. ‘ They should, therefore,

aim (1) at getting rid of all infected ma-

terial as soon as possible; (2) at destroy-

ing all leaves, buds and fruit to which it

is at all probable that infection 'has

spread, In dealing with small bushes the

best plan would be to prune off the

branches one by one, to drop them into a.

pail, and then to destroy by fire or by

steeping in a cask containing a solution

of four ounces of bluestone (copper sul-

phate) or two ounces of liver of sulphur

to the gallon of water. In the case of

large bushes, it would usually be best to

prune off all the young shoots and then

to destroy the leaves on the lower part

of the bush by employing a spray con-

taining eight ounces bluestone to the gal—

lon of water. It would not be! safe to

attempt to cut down or dig out affected

bushes during the summer, for in doing

so workmen would probably spread the

disease.



Having disposed of all material and of

the leaves, buds and fruit on all plants

to which infection may have spread, the

grower should next. spray the whole

plantation with a solution of half an

ounce of liver of sulphur to one gallon

of water. He should repeat the spraying

within a week and continue it at inter-

vals of ten days throughout the rest of

the season. Spraying should be done on

a, dry day; if rain should fall soon after

spraying, and the liver of sulphur is

washed off, the bushes should be sprayed

again as soon as they are dry.



Gooseberry milder has attacked red

currants, and there is reason to believe

that it may also attack black currants

and raspberries; these plants should

therefore be kept under observation by

fruit growers. W. R. GILBERT.





LARVAE OF BUD-MOTH AND OF

CANKER-WORM.





 





A Muskegon' county correspondent in-

quires for markings which will aid in

distinguishing the larvae of the bud-moth

from the canker—worm. The larvae of

the bud—moth may be said to make two

appearances, the first when he hatches

from the eggs in late summer or fall. He

is then very small and feeds upon the

leaves of the host plant until about half

grown, when he folds himself in a silken

case in the crevice of the twigs and thus

passes the winters, in the northern states

where but a single" brood is hatched dur—

ing a season. In the spring the larvae

comes forth again. It is then small and

of a dark brown color, measures about a

quarter of an inch in length and has a.

shining head and a thoracic shield. The

canker-worm, which is commonly called

measuring-worms, because of the pe-

culiar method of locomotion, vary in col-

or from a yellow to dark brown and are

variously striped. The mature: worms

are about an inch long. They leave the

tree after they have matured, by either

crawling down the trunk or by lowering





 





 





themselves by means of a silken thread?





This brief description will perhaps help

the subscriber and others in distinguish-

ing these pests. The treatment for the

control is the use of a solution of some

arsenical poison. For the bud-moth two

applications of Paris green, or arsenate

of lead before the blossoms open, should

prove effective in controlling it. The

same materials may be used for the

canker-worm, but the applications need

to be made when the worms are eating

the foliage. Sometimes this will occur

early bcfore the blossoms have fallen,

while at other times, which are most gen-

eral, the sprays will need to be applied

after the blossoms have fallen.





 





 





CONTROLLING THE LEAF CURL.





 





Mr. Oss inquires how best to control

the peach leaf curl. This disease ap-

pears soon after the leaves come out. It

is a foungous trouble and acts similar to

the disease that causes plum pockets.

The leaves become distorted and swollen

and many of those affected worst fall to

the ground, leaving the tree nearly bare.

Heretofore the universal remedy for this

trouble was Bordeaux mixture. The

first application should be made about

two weeks before the buds begin to swell

in the spring that the spores which prop-

agate the trouble may be prevented from

getting a start. If the spring is wet a,

second application of one-half strength

can be used to advantage. When the

trees are sprayed for the San Jose scale

with the lime and sulphur solution it is

unnecessary to spray with the Bordeaux

since the former solution is a sure pre-

ventive when applied thoroughly to all

parts of the tree. It is too late to do‘

anything for the trouble this season.





 





 





 





 





,4





JUNE 17, 1911.‘





Plum mention the rIIchlnn Furl-or when

wrltlnl to “vertluu. I





CONSIDER THIS WELL.





 





When we pay our good, hard-earned





money for a grain drill, we have a right g





to one that has a feed that will correctly

sow any seed that we want to plant and

a fertilizer feed that successfully hand-

les all brands of commercial fertilizers

in wide range of quantities. TVe have

a right to expect a well made drill, free

from a lot of fads and so simple as to

be readily understood. It should have

furrow openers that open proper seed

trenches, and which place the seed in

the ground at an even depth without

skips or bunching the grain. "

The Empire Grain Drill has been on

the market for more than half a cen—

tury. If it was not right, it could not.

have survived. There are many Em—

pire Drills in use today that were pur-

chased from fifteen to thirty years ago,

and they are doing good work today.

This drill is manufactured by The Amer—

ican Seeding-Machine Co., Incorporated,

Richmond, 1nd,, and is sold under a.

warranty that means much to the farm-

er. Write them and ask for their Em-

pire catalogue. No matter what your

seeding conditions may be you can get

an Empire Grain Drill that will please

and satisfy you. Go to your local

dealer and ask to see the Empire Drill. _





PURE carries {3

ensue nous ggr





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





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03 _ -_ . Drills £~Seeders

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THERE ARE MANY REASONS WHY

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A. BOG. HUDSONVILLE, MICH.





 

   





 





 





 





ha





 





 





‘1,





L...—‘ '
'those who can teach each other





 





 





1'7 mm 1911. ' -

x‘ ‘ ‘L . . ' *





FARMERS’ ’ CLUBS ‘





AAAAAA AAA:





f’VcVY





 





MALAAAALAAA





OFFICERS OF THE STATE ASSOCIA-

TION 0F FARMERS’ CLUBS.





 





 





President—B. A. Holden, Wixom.



Vice-Pre's., J. D. Leland, Corunna.



Secretary—Mrs. C. P. Johnson. Meta-

more.



Treasurer—Mrs. Lewis Sackett, Eckford.



Directors—A. R. Palmer, Jackson; Wm.

H. Marks, Fair Haven; C. L. Wright,

Caro; E. W. Woodruir, Blanchard; C. P.

Johnson, Metamora; Patrick Hankerd,

Munith.



Address all communications relative to

the organization of new Clubs to Mrs. C.

P. Johnson. Metamora. Mich.





Auoclational Motto.—

The skillful hand, with cultured mind,

is the farmer's most valuable asset.





 





Auoclatlonal Sentiment.—

The farmer, he garners from the soil

the primal wealth of nations.





 





BENEFITS OF FARMERS’ CLUBS AP-

PRECIATED IN OTHER STATES.





 





Attention has, from time to time, been

called to the organization of Farmers'

Clubs in other states.

sister states to the west, educators have

recognized the need of and benefits to be

derived from such organizations, and

have sought to promote the formation of

such organizations by the farmers of their

states. The latest instance of this kind

to come to our attention was a circular

sent out lastwinter by the extension de-

partment of the North Dakota Agricul-

tural College, which read as follows:



“Farmers' Clubs can be made social

centers as well as the» place for exchang-





. ing experiences on farm and home topics.





“This is the day of co-operation or

combination. Men in all lines of efforts

except possibly the farmer, come together

at more or less regular intervals to talk

over their work, to give each other the

benefits of each other’s expériences, and

to come to a better understanding in

their business relations. The different

manufacturers, the editors, the retailers,

the scientists, the educators, laborers,

etc., hol ' meetings. Why not the farm-

Vl arein more need of it than

. others, from the social stand-

point, from the standpoint of swapping

experiences, and from the standpoint of

a better understanding of business mat-

ters.



“As farmers we live more or less iso-

lated and our work is so varied that it

has something of interest and that needs

attentioxi"ail the time. yet we must learn

to drop it all for a social hour occasion-

ally and for our wives and children as

well as for ourselves. In fact, they need

it more than we do as there is not the

variety in their work nor so much to hold

their interest and attention.



“In every community there are some

farmers who are making a good success

with some thing, as growing corn, trees,

potatoes, fruit, or raising cattle, hogs,

homes, etc. There is no magic about it,

except doing the right thing at the right





 





. time, and they would be glad to tell how





it was done. They are likely not ready

speakers before a large audience but in

a conversational way they can tell the

story. If all were to study and try to im-

prove along the lines of the successful

farmer it would make the community

an outstanding one.



“Then there is the good wives in every

community who have had fine success in

some line of work. as making bread,

canning fruit. growing flowers, house

decoration and the hundred and one oth-

er things. .



The community has among its members

from

their own experiences, and the Farmers’

Club with its stated meetings is the ideal

place to gather and exchange this valu-

able information. Few realize how valu-

able they are. Reports could also be

made on bulletins from the agricultural

experiment stations and on articles in the

agricultural papers and magazines.



“Such a club would bring together a

great teaching" force; specialists in almost

every line of farm and home activity. It

would be a great incentive to make these

specialists study deeper into their lines

of work, to learn more of what others

have done. Speakers can often be se-

cured from the agricultural college and

farmers' institute. Now, do not under-





, estimate your worth to the community





nor your qualifications for instructing

others. No information is so valuable as

that which comes from a man or woman

who hasLactually secured results. ~-





In some of our-





“ .





       





‘ THE MICHIGAN {’OFARMER.





“Them—better understanding in busi-

ness relations. There are so many things

in which farmers can co-operate and so

many things we can do by co—operating

that we cannot profitably do alone. The

Farmers' Club is the place to get to-

gether, to learn how to work together.

'We farmers are naturally independent.

yet we must learn how to work together,

otherwise those interests that are organ-

ized will profit at our expense.



"Let us get together and organize 3.

Farmers’ Club that we may secure the

social, educational and business advan-

tages that it will bring."



If the benefits of the Farmers’ Club

are thus recognized by agricultural educa-

tors aud farmers in other states, how

much more fully should they be recog-

nized by those in our own state who do

not enjoy a membership in such an or-

ganization, notwithstanding the fact that

their value has been demonstrated in

Michigan as nowhere else. Also, if the

educators of other states think it worth

while to promote the organization of such

clubs, should not the fact prove a stimu-

lus for more earnest work along the line

of Club extension by the active Clubs in

Michigan. Why not do a little work

along this line during the summer picnic

season?





 





HOUSEHOLD ECONOMICS.





 





Synopsis of a paper read by Mrs. C. L.

Beebe, before the Ingham County Farm-

ers' Club.



Domestic science and domestic econo-

my, household science and household

economy are but other names for cook-

ing, sewing and general housework. The

first cooking school was established in

1874 in New York City. Miss Parloa has

the honor of being one of the first teach-

ers of cooking. a school being established

in Boston in 1877. Philadelphia and

Washington soon followed. Cooking as

an art has been a backward industry.

The men have been slow to provide and

the women slow to use modern inven-

tions. To place one in a kitchen of two‘

centuries ago with the fireplace and





brick oven and today with the range,

cream separator and bread mixer, and

there has been some improvement. Do-





mestic science should be a factor in our

education and the time is not far dis-

tant when a girl will know how to make

a loaf of bread, cook a steak and brew a

cup of coffee before she leaves school.





- GRANGE l





“ma-“AAA; “AAAA AA A AA‘A1—‘





 





 





Our Motto—“The Farmer is of mere

consequence than the farm. and should be

first improved."





 





THE JUNE PROGRAMS.





Suggestions for Second Meeting.

“A merry heart, a merry laugh,

A face with lots of sun in it,

A merry tongue with merry chaff,

And quip with lots of fun in it.”





Smile provokers.



Notes of progress—1. In inventions. 2.

In farm crops and animals. 3. In laws

and public matters.



Recitation, “Jes' Plain Torpedoes.” by

a boy.



Labor-savers for making women’s work





easier. Discussion, led by Woman’s

\Vork Committee.



CIRgport of “The One Improvement

u ."





Music to intersperse in this program.

in charge of Pomona.





 





A GOOD GRANGE DEPUTY.





 





Beyond question, and without saying

anything against the good work of others,

printer’s ink is the best Grange deputy

ever put into the field. He is always and

everywhere available. He is willing to

work in season and out, under all condi-

tions and in all sorts of weather. He

labors for the least financial return. He

enters every home and silently waits up-

on the convenience of the owner for the

presentation of his claims. He does not

"argue back." but the next week comes

at his would-be convert from another

point of attack! Quietly he convinces

and converts a desirable rural popula-

tion into efficient Grange membership.

There has been no bluster, and no re-

vival methods; no great expenditure of

time or money have been employed but

the work is done, once for all.



A few instances may serve to illustrate

this claim for printer’s ink:



1. One winter day a stranger presented

himself at the door of my home. In his

hand he held a list of twenty-live signa-

tures of representative farmers and their

families. He had come, he said, to ask

that a deputy be sent to instruct these





people in Grange work, adding. “We read

about the Grange in the Michigan Farm-

er and have decided that we want such

an organization in our neighborhood,”

That was a dozen or more years ago.

The man died later but not until he had

been steadily advanced in the work and

held the position of Master of our Po-

mona organization at the time of his

death; but the Grange he thus promoted

still thrives.



2. In the daily paper of a stirring

northern town no more readable articles

appear than those which herald the ap—





proaching local Grange meetings—ex-

cept, indeed. it be the reports of the

actual meetings themselves. Printer’s





ink also goes before and after the Po—

mona of the county in which this town

is located in similar fashion; and like-

wise it paved the way for the two large

and successful sessions of State Grange

which were held in this same city beside

Traverse Bay. Local organizing has, at

the same time, been going on in all that

section of the state where the seed-bed

has been so well prepared.



3. A year ago word was passing about

that a certain foremost ,. Grange was

threatened with a slight decline. Six

months ago printer's ink took a hand in

the game and every fortnight since has

issued a miniature bulletin, containing

favorable comments on the last meeting

and always promising better things

ahead. Each program has been, perhaps,

no more carefully prepared than many

another, but its construction has been of

a unique order and set forth in phrases

and jingles which tended to excite curios-

ity and enlist co-operation. As a result

a class of twenty candidates for the third

and fourth degrees this week attest the

value of the policy of printer’s ink.



This policy at its best is persistently

constructive and not destructive; there is

no whining about small attendance, no

grumbling about This or That’s short-

comings, but every bright spot is made

to shine and every prosaic detail of the

program is set forth honestly but at-

tractively. JENNIE BUELL.





 





OREGON STATE GRANGE.





The Patrons of Oregon hold their an-

nual State Grange meeting during the

month of May. This year’s meeting,

which was the 38th annual gathering of

the organization, was held at Corvallis,

the seat of the state agricultural college.



The reports of officers showed that 46

new Granges had been organized during

the three months just preceding this

meeting, giving the state a total of 183





Granges with a membership totaling

nearly 10,000. The executive committee

reported a balance of $5,200 on hand

after the settlement of all outstanding

accounts.



The legislative committee, on the first

day of the meeting, recommended that

two bills be initiated before the next

general election for the advancement of

good roads in Oregon. One of these is to

provide that counties may vote bonds for

roads, but the petitions must set forth

what roads the money is to be expended

on and how much is to be used in each

instance.



The second measure is to provide for

a state road commissioner to be appoint—

ed by a committee consisting of the Gov-

ernor, the State Engineer and the At-

tomey-Generai. This recommendation

was warmly discussed at a later session

and a resolution passed directing the leg—

islative committee to work hard for both





 





’ measures.





During the meeting the Patrons took

occasion to inspect their agricultural col-

lege. A resolution commending the work

of the institution received the support of

practically all of the delegates, Os did

one favoring a careful inquiry into the

management of the agricultural college

and state university. A committee was

appointed to make this inquiry and re-

port at next State Grange. The introduc-

tion of industrial training and courses in

agriculture in the county schools was ad-

vocated by the women. They argued

that the young people of the country dis—

tricts have been neglected. and made a

strong plea for such improvement in

economic and social matters as would

keep the young men and women on the

farm. It was voted to petition the fed-

eral government to turn over the land re-

recently recovered from the Southern

Pacific railroad to the state for school

purposes.



Before the meeting adjourned the

Grange sent a strong telegram to the

state’s representatives, in both house and

senate, at W'ashington, urging them to

stand for protection for farm products

equal to that claimed for and granted to

manufactured products. The Grange vot-

ed to hold its 1912 meeting at Roseburg.





COMING EVENTS.





 





Pomona Meetings.





Western (Ottawa Co.) Pomona, with

Ottawa Grange, at Herrington, Friday

and Saturday, June 18 and 17. Chas. w_

Garfield. state speaker.



Ingham Co., with Holt Grange, Friday,

June 23. _





 





 





 





 





“A book that does hlm honor."





Efficiency





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animals are used.





There is a WILLIAMS’ har-

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thirty-one styles of single

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N 0 book on the subject of

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it is an invaluable text book

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Lay this paper down just long

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SEARS, ROEBUCK AND CO.





CHICAGO, lLL.





 





 





 





 





 





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FARNHAM a suas. AIIys., 540 F. sc..w..mngmn_n,c_





DO YOU





 





 





WE have absolutely the



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BOX F. care MICHIGAN FARNER, Detroit. Mich
{as a»





“BABY" ELEPHANT TAKES A “JOY

RIDE."





 





As a. result of a wager that a- set of

pneumatic tires would not Support the

'weight of a half-grown elephant in addi-

tion to the weight of an ordinary touring





car, the residents of Toronto, Ont., were '





a few days ago treated to the unusual

sight of a "baby elephant” being driven

about in a “baby tonneau.”



The fun had its inception in a conver-

sation between L. C. VanBeaver, an oili-

cer of a local automobile tire company,

and a. friend of his who is business man-

ager of a traveling circus. The discus—

sion turned toward the marvelous pres-

sure resisting power of the walls of a.

pneumatic tire. '



“Yes, sir, one of our regular pneumatic





tires is strong enough to support the

weight of ‘Patsy,’ if she were but to

climb into ‘a tonneau and take a ride





like other ladies of caste," said the tire

company official, referring to “Patsy."

the 2,700 pound young elephant which is

one of the chief attractions of the show.



The showman protested that Mr. Van-

Beaver did not knowhow much a husky

young elephant weighed and to settle the

question a nominal wager was put up and

a. touring car with a baby tonneau was

secured. The car was equipped with

pneumatic tires which had already trav-

eled several hundred miles but these Were

not changed.



After some coaxing Patsy was induced

to enter the car while her trainer stood

on the rear seat to keep her from taking

fright and bolting. Much to the chagrin

of the circus crowd the tires refused to

flatten and the Juvenile pachyderm was

driven several blocks through the city,

to the huge delight of the crowd. After

the first few rods l’atsy seemed to enter

into the spirit of the thing and gave ev—

ery evidence of enjoying her novel “joy

ride.”





BREEDING A NEW ANIMAL.





 





 





Possibly no branch of animal breeding

has attracted so much attention and

gives promise of producing a new bcast

of burden as has that of crossing the

zebra with horses and donkeys. For sev—

eral years investigations have been in

progress at the experiment station of the

Bureau of Animal Industry, of the ile-

partment of Agriculture, with a view to

the production of a new and useful hybrid

of the mule type. \\'hile this work of

the Department is not new, yet the work





 





 





 





 





tires that rim-cut, ‘or





 





 





 





of the Bureau of Animal Industry differs‘





from that done elsewhere, in the fact‘

that the largest type of zebra wthe (:rcyy

~is being used. The Bureau rcccivcd its;

first incentive from the inlpl'cssion made:

by the splendid conformation. large sizc.‘

and great beauty of a (“irevy xt-bra at the

National Zoological Park which had bccn





presented to President Roosevelt by the;





King of Abyssinia.





The results with these hybrids thus far,





have been successful. Eleven of tbcsc

hybrids have been foaled, six colts and





five fillies. Two colts and four tillics are

now alive and vigorous. They are ap-

parently as hardy and endure the cold of





this climate as well as the donkeys.

’l‘hcse hybrids show a. decided improve-

ment over either parent in action, con—

formation. :md disposition. Their sirc

weighs 800 pounds and is 131/1; hands high.

The average weight of their dams is 570

pounds and the average height 12 hands.





The weight of the hybrids at the age of:

.

cne year was more than 500 pounds each ;





and measured 12 hands in height. 'l‘hcy

have good action. a. neat, clcan—cut ap—

pearance. and are as easily handlcd as

horse foals of the same age. 'l‘hcsc hy—

brids will be kept until thcy reach the

breeding age, after which they will he

tested as to fertility, among thcmsclvcs,

and also with horses. zcbras, and don-

keys. Considering the apparent similar-

ity of the species to which zebras and

donkeys belong, there may be a possibil—

ity of their hybrids being fertile.~fl.





 





During the first three months of this

year five leading western markets ship-

ped 102,276 more cattle on the stockcr

and feeder order to feeding districts than

a year ago, the increase being about 42,-

000 head over the last five-year average.

It should be remembered that the, move—

ment a year ago was unusually small.

Should there be a normal demand for

beef cattle, there. promises to be a scarc—

ity of finished cattle later on, and at all

events there will almost assuredly be a

cattle shortage for grazing purposes.

There is a world of grass, and there will

not be anything like an average supply

of young cattle for the pastures and

ranges of the country.





The sale of Goodyear No-Rim-

Cut tires has multiplied six times

over in the past two years. Over

600,000 have already been sold.





Sixty-four leading motor car

makers have contracted with us

for these tires.

users is now so great that our

mammoth factories run night and

day.





the sensation. It is saving millions





of dollars to motor car owners. It

is a tire that you should know.





The No-Rim-Cut Tire





This tire fits any stand-





 





The demand from ‘





This patented tire has become





..._





 





l





JUNE 1'1, 191-1





1'





 





 





tires not oversize.

No Hooks—No Bolts





The No-Rim-Cut tire has no hooks

on the base. No tire bolts are need-

ed to hold it on.





Into the tire base we vulcanize flat

tapes made of ‘ 126 braided wires.

These make the tire base unstretch-

able. The tire can't come off because

nothing can stretch it over the rim

flange. But when you remove one

flange. the tire slips off like any quick-

detachable tire.



This braided wire, flat tape feature is

controlled by our patents. It is the only

way known to make a safe hookless

tire. That is why other tire makers still

recommend the old~style clincher tire.





 





 





Ordinary Clincher Tire





In the ordinary tire—the clincher





 





1





tire—the removable rim flanges must

be set to curve inward. They must

grasp hold of the hooks in the tire

base. to hold the tire on. Note how

those thin flanges dig into the tire

when deflated. That is the cause of

rim-cutting. which may wreck a flat

tire in a moment. .





10% Oversize





The No-Rim-Cut tire. where the

rim flanges flare outward. can be made

10% over the rated size and still fit

the rim. And we give you that over-

size without extra cost.





That means 10% more air —— 10%

greater carrying capacity. And that.

with the average car. adds 25% to the

tire mileage.





This oversize takes care of your

extras—top, glass front. etc. It avoids

the overloading which causes blow-

outs on nine cars in ten which nave

skimpy tires.





These two features together—No.

Rim-Cut and oversize—will under av~ ,

erage conditions. cut tire bills in two.

Yet these tires cost you nothing more



than other standard tires.





 





ard rim. Simply reverse

the removable rim flanges-

that is. slip them to the op-

posite sides. They will then

curve outward. as shown in

the picture above. The tire

comes against a rounded edge.

and rim-cutting is made im-





 





No-Rim-Cut Tires





know these tires insist on



" . getting them?

can AR Our latest Tire Book. based

on 12 years spent in tire





Do you wonder that men who





making. tells many facts

which motorists should know.

Ask us to mail it to you.





 





possible.





 





THE. GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY,





Branches and Agencies in [03 Principal Cities





We Make All Sorts of Rubber Tire:





47th Street, Akron, Ohio





~ - ‘4» ”ii

et‘ Oversize Tires

Avoid Blow-Outs—Save ‘ Overloading





Goodyear No-Rim-Cut tires—10% oversize—cost no more than





 





 





 





 





chi a





 





'Your Feed for One Cow





Costs Enough





Modern Way of. Saving





The Saginaw

All-Steel .

Door

Frame



is pat-

tented



and no ;

one else





FARMERS IIIIIIllY





fastener an





materials we use. are all descri





to Feed Five





—nnless you feed on the Silo Saving Plan. The Saginaw Silo Book. “The





oney on the Farm." ives figures from actual

£00k toda





tests on farms of your state. Write for the . y. .

Amazing profits come from the good old-reliable Saginaw 8110 be-

cuuse it. alone is made scientifically right. to last a lifetime.





SAOIMAW. DES MOINES

MINNEAPOLIS





WAGON GOMPAI





owns the patents on the Saginaw All-Steel Door Frame which positively

prevents collapsing or bulging. No one else is allowe to use it.



Our air-ti vht, doors, large door openings. handy combined door



dbluddor; our hoops. lugs, etc.. and the everlasting



be in The





our Free Silo Book.





Saginaw Silo is now sold direct. from the factory only. , You not the



' benefits of direct dealing with the factory. . -'

Ask for special price on the Whirlwind Silo Filler-guaranteed

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less operative power than any

other filler manufactured



he Whirlwmd is sold direct

from the factory also. The one

filler fit to go with the





Sn inaw Silo.





. 'rito today for the Silo , . _

200k. and Whirlwmd Filler 4" ‘





acts.





 





FARMERS HANDY WAGON COMPANY. Station 95 Saginaw. Michigan





Wootorn Fnctory, Stollon

Northwestern Fnolory, Station





95 . Don Halo... low-

95 Mlnnonpollo. Minna (18)





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





(mej'zq “a? as, . f»

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add

that





 

 

 





sew t"





 





 

 

 

 





Guarantee ,

.x V a





 





Saved over $100 a month!





Mr. Bert Brown of Wasco m. save r

:ihog'git?) Eighthhnd turlncd i1 losing £033,51-

innin one usin and 1e

Q‘eIfFeed J‘ilo 1g ille r. {ind fegding 155.2323:

Silage. EXperience has proven that: silage is

a cheap and very valuable feed. It: stimu-

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Healthy animals mean greater profit. Pro-

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SILO FILLER





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illustrated catalog.

APPLETON MFG. CO.

420 Fargo St"

Butnvia, Ill.





Write today for tree





 

 





¥A,‘:l,‘l.§,.“w





"(.ll‘Kiil‘vi

"‘ ..I2 ’





   





 





Fastest Hay Press

2’12 Tons Per Hour





Greater capacity is miarantced in all Spencer

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BALE l8t‘iii HAY





Our "Cyclone" 3 stroke self feed hay press is

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Circular K-196 which gives pric es





. X7]

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[hiker y





       





     

 





     

 





       





     

 

 





   





 

 





 





     

 

   

 

 

 





 





 





 





Set Your F enco Posts

‘. -. 35 to 40 Feet Aparte





. anving half the post expense, 'and

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ly stock proof fence, if you use 0





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.13". PEEL a. BRO.,lnx 202 Mnryovlllo. Ohio





 





 





 





 





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Austin ManufaciEuI-lng 00., chloasfi





 





ALWAYS mention the MICHIGAN FAIME





when von are writing to advertisers.





   

 





 





 





 





 





 





”i“ .





,at. «H