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The Only Weekly Agricultural, Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State.





 





VOL. CXXXVII. No. I. ;

Whole Number 3554.





FARM NOTES.





Stacking Hay and Grain.



It is a misfortune for any farmer to be

obliged to stack either hay or grain in

our climate. There is no question .-b_ut‘

that it pays to have sufficient barnrOom

upon any farm to store the average crop

of hay and grain under cover, and more

farmers are becoming convinced each

year that it pays to provide storage for

the straw as well. But there are times

when nearly every farmer has to resort

to stacking, and unfortunately for them—

selves, many farmers have not nearly

enough barn room to_ accommodate-these

crops in a season of normal production.

The hay crop will be unusually light. over

most of lower Michigan this season, on

account of the unusually dry summer

last year and the untimely drought in

May of the present season, yet the first





hay that the writer saw being gathered ‘





season was being drawn into a

stack. and it was a fine quality of al-

falfa hay at that. However, the farmer

who was securing it was apparently well

informed regarding the principle of

stacking hay properly and had the skill

to put it up in a manner which would

reduce the inevitable loss from exposure

in the stack to the minimum. His stack

«was about halfbuilt when the writer ob-





this





served it, and yet in appearancgdtflwasV





topped out better"‘than some ”S ‘clifs an?

pear to be when finished, as the center

had been kept very full from the start,

and the stack had the proper bulge above

the ground to insure its settling so as to

Shed a maximum of rain. “'hile there is

bound to be considerable loss in stacked

hay, even under the best of conditions,

the loss will be very much less

properly built stack than in one that is

poorly or carelessly built. The principle

of good stacking is so easily understood,

that it would seem that any man who

would use a little good sense and care in

building a stack would get better results

than are often attained in this work. Yet

it is a task that requires some experience

and knack to get good results. It is easy

to tell just how it should be done, but

a remembrance of his first efforts in do-

ing it gives the writer an appreciation

of the importance of taking a great deal

of pains in this work.



\Vhile it is not by any means always

the best appearing stack that keeps with

the least damage, yet it is generally a

fact that a man who devotes his energies

to following the correct principle in

stacking hay or grain will also build a

stack of good appearance, but the most

important feature of a good stack of

either hay or grain is to keep the middle

very full and firm from the start, have

a proper bulge above the ground and

have the solidity of the





ina,





DETROIT, MICH" SATURDAY. JULY 1, 19".





thresh the grain at a comparatively early

date some may think that it is not neces-

sary to take a great deal of pains in

stacking it. But the weather is an un-

certain proposition, even in midsummer,

and it is not always possible to get the

threshers just when one would like, so

it will always pay to take extra pains

with the stacks in every case where grain

has to be stored in this way, since with

a little practice and careful work any

man can soon learn to put up a stack of

creditable appearance and good keeping

quality.



The first of the accompanying cuts





and pride to its builder, while the ill-





made pile of bundles is an “eye-sore.”





Eradicating Thistles and Milk Weed.

Having lately purchased a farm that

has several fields of thistles and milk

weed I would like to know the quickest

way to get rid of them, the milk weed

especially. Have been wanting to pull it

up but some tell me not to, for it will

break off and branch out thicker. As I

am a close reader of the Michigan Farm-

er I would like to read through your col-

umns in regard to these two weeds.

Sanilac Co. E. G.

As noted in a previous issue, the best

method of getting rid of Canada thistles

is to plow them down at about the time





 





 





A Grain stack of Fairly Good Type





shows a fairly good stack of grain. Had

the bulge been carried up higher a much

larger amount of grain could have been

put into it and the stack would have set-

tled so as to have withstood the rain bet-

ter. Yet this is a stack of much better

than average quality in workmanship,

and if the novice does as well he should

be satisfied with his prograss in the art

of stack building. The second illustra—

tion shows careless work, which any one

ought to better, even without previous

experience. Such stacking will inevitably

result in loss unless the weather is ex-

ceptionally favorable. Besides, a well—

made stack is a source of satisfaction





 





that will Keep Well Until Threshed.

they begin to bloom and give the field

thorough culture until time to sow a fall

grain crop. This plan will give the. best

results with the least expense of any

which can be used in ridding a field of

this pest, as many farmers who have

tried the plan will attest.



The eradication of milk weed is a

more difficult task. In the writer’s opin-

ion the best method of accomplishing it

is with a flock of sheep. The sheep will

eat the milkweed quite freely, especially

in the season of dry pastures, providing

the growth is fresh and tender. there

a flock of sheep is available to use for

this purpose, the infested field which it





$1.00 A Y!

$2.75 FIVE





All.

YEARS.

is desired to clear of the pest should be

clipped over before the milk weeds seed.

After this treatment they will sprout up

with new growth, and if pastured by

sheep in midsummer they will do the rest

quite effectually.



Where both weed pests are present in

troublesome quantities in the same field,

the remedy recommended for Canada

thistles will prove fairly effectual in rid-

ding a field of milk weed as well as the

thistles. It will, however, be useless to

try to pull them, as they spread from

strong root stocks which run under the

surface of the ground to a considerable.

depth, and when they are pulled they are

simply broken from this root stock and

new shoots appear from the parent root.

Chess





The writer would like to know through

your valuable paper the best method of

handling beans, with slings or grappling

fork, taking into consideration the hand—

ling of the slings in the field. \Vill chess

in big clover seed do any hurm'.’ in

threshing will it grind up and mix with

the seed?



Montcalm Co.



Beans, like other products, and espe-

cially heavy grains, can be unloaded in

the barn much tasicr and more satisfac-

torily with hay slings than in any other

manner. The labor of adjusting the





Handling Beans. in Clover.





M. D. S.





- slings in the field would, in the writer’s





Vy~rl

L .\ LA §.~





opinion, be muth less than too

time and labor required to unload them

either by hand or with any other avail—

able device. ~



The presence of chess in clover secd

will not interfere with its proper thresh-

ing. Even if some. of the. kernels were

broken and ground up suggested in

this inquiry, which is not prohoblc. most

of the fine particles will be blown out.

The modern clover hullers Would not be

as likely to break and grind the grains

of chess as the old type in use a few

years ago.



Treating an Acid Soil.





(is





Please answer through your paper what

causes the soil to become acid or sour;

also, how to treat the soil to overcome

an acid condition.



VVexford Co. W. G. TV.



causes the





The question as to what

soil to become sour is a difficult one to

answer. But the cause, except in-so-far

as a knowledge of it might enable us to

avoid the danger of such a condition, is

of less importance to us than the effect,

which is to increase the difficulty

growing clover and other legumes upon

it. Nor is the cause likely to be the.

same in every case. It may occur from

the rapid decomposition of vegetable

matter, the fermentation of which leaves

a residue in the soil. It may be from

imperfect natural or artificial drainage,

or perhaps as some maintain at the pres—

ent time, due to a toxic effect of the

growth of certain plants.

But an acid condition of





(if





 





stack uniform so that it

will settle'evenly and, if

it is of hay and especially

of clover or alfalfa, to

give it a proper covering

of marsh grass or other

material which will shed

water better than the

hay itself and prevent the

spoiling of the hay at the

top and in the center of

the stack.

The same

Should be observed in

stacking grain. More

grain than hay is stacked

each year, and it is an

easier proposition to

stack it properly than is

the case with hay, yet

the average results are

far from satisfactory in

a. wet season. Because

it is the intention to





 





principles





Stacks In Name Only, In which the Grain Is Certain to be Damaged by Wet Weather.





the soil is generally found

in localities where the

soil is deficient in lime.

through the available

content of lime having

been washed out of the

surface soil by the action

of the rains and the per—

colation of water through

to lower levels. Acid

soils are not found in the

arid or semi—arid regions,

()n the contrary, their

soils are alkaline, often

to excess, which necessi-

tates special treatment

by weathering before they

will grow profitable crops

where they can be re-

claimed at all.



The remedy, where

soils are found to be in

an acid condition is the
2 (21'





application of lime, which will give them

an alkaline reaction which will prove

beneficial to the bacteria peculiar to the

legumes, and'be of direct benefit to some

crops which are liberal users of lime as

a plant food. By the use of say a ton

of caustic lime per acre this acid condi-

tion can be corrected, or by more liberal

applications of carbonate of lime more

permanent, but less prompt results will

be obtained. It has been demonstrated

beyond a reasonable doubt that liming

is especially 'benefieial to alfalfa, and

wherever. it i‘ras been} found difi‘icult to

get a stand of alfalfa. it will pay to ap-

ply lime for that purpose. It will also

protvefihelpful in getting a stand of clover

and is beneficial to some other crops.





Spraying to Check the Mustard Pest.



Vi'ill you please tell me what will kill

mustard in oats without injuring the

oats? \Vill you publish the answer at

once, as I have quite a batch I want to

kill before it goes to seed?



Barry Co. A SUBSCRIBER.



The development of mustard in the cat

crop can be effectually checked by spray-

ing with iron sulphate or copper sulphate

solution if the attempt is made in season.

To be most effectual, however, the spray-

ing should be done when the mustard is

in the third leaf. The iron sulphate spray

is the cheapest, and the solution should

be prepared by dissolving 100 lbs. of the

iron Sulphate in 52 gals. of water. This

amount of the solution will be about

sufficient for one acre of ground when

the, spray is applied at'the right time. It

shofild be applied in the heat of the day

during dry weather to be most effective.

The copper sulphate solution is perhaps a

little more effective when applied at the

rate of one pound of the copper sulphate

to four gallons of water. This spray is

said not to be effective in very dry

weather, however, and the spraying

should be done when the weeds are small.

It might be practicable to kill the mus-

tard at its present stage of growth, or to

discourage it. sufi‘lciently to preventing

its liberal seeding, although the applica-

tion would have to be heavier than would

have been the case hadit been made ear-

lier, before the weeds and the grain made

a rank growth.





WILL IT PAY TO GROW cow PEAS

3 AFTER CLOVER FOR WHEAT

. THIS FALL.





With cow peas at $3 per bushel and

one bushel per acre required for seed,

will it pay to plow clover sod immediately

after cutting the clever, sow it to cow

peas and then turn the peas under the

first of September for wheat? or course,

I would use fertilizer also on the wheat.



J. M. W.



There are two problems to contend with

here that may make this course or this

plan a failure. In the first place, it may

be impossible to get the crop of cow peas

after clover on account of a lack of mois-

ture sufficient to get germination and

growth. If we had plenty of moisture

you would have no trouble in getting a

crop of cow peas after clover, but with

a lack of moisture there is great diffi-

culty, in fact, it is impossible.



Now, provided there is enough moisture

and that you plow the clover sod immedi-

ately and sow to cow peas and get a good

growth of them, they ought to fairly well

mature to get their greatest value as a

green manure. The. nodules don’t ap-

pear on the roots of cow peas to any

great extent until the cow peas near ma—

turity. Now it is possible that this crop

put in so late will not be matured in

time to give you a sufficient opportunity

to form a good seed bed for wheat this

fall. Personally, I am quite notional

about the seed bed for wheat. \Vhere we

put oat stubble into wheat I like to have

it plowed just as soon as possible after

the oats are harvested, and work it and

roll it and have a good seed bed, but if

you delay the plowing until curly Septem-

her, it is well night impossible to get a

good seed bed; it is too loose. So one can

hardly advise with any degree of satis-

faction in this case. If the weather is

dry after the clover is cut and the ground

plowed there is very little use in wasting

$3.00 an acre to seed with cow peas. If

there is plenty of moisture you can get a

crop Of cow peas. If they would mature

in time it would be a great benefit, but

if, by holding the land so late you can-

not get the wheat in in proper condition

and you lose the prospect of a paying

crop of wheat, then that is another prob-

lem to think about.



If one had the time just as soon as he

cut his clover to do this plowing, that

would do no harm. If it was so dry that

he couldn’t get germination with cow

peas he could continue to work the land

occasionally and have the best kind of at





THE MICHIGAN. FARMER.





dispose of the hired man problem.

"The silo is the cheapest farm building





seed bed for wheat. If there was plenty

of, moisture he could sow the cow peas

and try it. Personally, I believe I would

plow the ground a. little deeper and per-

haps a little later and fit it wall between

that time and the middle of September

and then try to get a good crop of, wheat

and get a good seeding of clover.

COLON C. LILLIE.





CAN WE AFFORD TO MAKE OAT

HAY?





 





lVill oats cut in the milk make good

hay and would it be economy, in your

judgment, to make hay of oats with the

present prospect of a short hay crop?



Lenawee Co. SUBSCRIBER.



Many people think they get more out

of the cat crop by making it into hay

than they do from the grain. Some peo-

ple raise oats regularly for hay. But if

one plans to have this crop for hay he

ought to seed it in combination with Can-

ada peas because Canada peas are more

profitable for hay with oats. Peas and

oats combined together make a mighty

good substitute for cloverxhay. My opin-

ion is that if you are short of hay and if

you do not make your oats into hay it

will necessitate your buying hay, then I

believe it will pay you to make hay out

of your cat crop. Cut it when it is in

the milk the same as you would hay and

you have got a valuable food.



COLON C. LILLIE.





 





HAY CAPS AGAIN.





 





Have noticed Mr. Lillie’s description of

his hay caps and would like to know

from his experience how big to make

them and how heavy to make the

weights. Is it necesary to bend the

points of the staples to prevent them

from pulling out of the concrete weights?

Do you think it necessary to soak the

cups in linseed Oil? I want to use com—

mon, unbleached sheeting. Do you use

anything on them to prevent the grass-

hoppers from eating them?



Usceola Co. J. K.



i find that the size of the hay cap is

not really as important as one would

think at first. It would be better if they

could be made from sheeting about 44

inches wide and then tear them Off,

making them square, but from my in-

vestigations it appear that when you get

sheeting wider than 40 inches it is some-

thing special,.and really I haven't been

able to find it, and in order to get it

this wide you have to go into heavy

ducking, which costs very much more.

Now, the hay cap 40 inches square does

very nicely. It isn’t quite as large as

one would like but, as I say, this sized

hay cap placed over the top of the hay

cock protects it from rain more than one

would naturally think. If the cock gets

wet on the outside it dries out quickly.

it is the water that goes into the center

of the cock from the top that does the

damage, and the hay cap 40 inches square

entirely protects the center.





My opinion is that it is not necessary

to soak hay caps in linseed Oil. I cannot

explain exactly why it is, but common

sheeting hay caps over the top of hay

cocks prevents the cock from getting wet

even in quite a heavy shower and seem-

ingly the sheeting won't shed water, but

certain it is that there does not enough

water rain through it to seriously damage

the hay, and it keeps quite dry, which

is all that we are working for. I think

if J. K. uses common, unbleached sheet—

ing he will be entirely satisfied. \Ve have

never had the grasshoppers eat the caps

but they did eat some of the strings that

the hay caps were tied on with and so

I resorted to wire, and a little small,

galvanized iron wire or copper wire, if

it doesn’t cost too much, is the thing to

use. Fine stove pipe wire works very

nicely but it rusts readily.



I do not think there is any danger of

having the wire fence staple pull out of

the cement weights if they are not bent.

There are ragged edges enough on the

staple so that they will hold in the ce-

ment, but if you think there is any dan-

ger you can spread the points of the

staple a little bit or press the points a

little together, in either case, they could

not pull straight out of the blocks and

they would be absolutely safe.



COLON C. LILLIE.





 





THE SILO THE MOST ECONOMICAL

STORAGE FOR ROUGHAGE.





 





With the silo, an acre of roughage will

feed a greater number of animals. Silage

is convenient for feeding. Three or four

days of filling the silo is an incident,

only, in the farm work, compared with

weeks of haying, cutting corn, stacking

sorghum and Kaflr corn. The silo helps





we can erect.





A silo will house 100 tons

(if ensilage at a lower cost per ton than

will the barn mew protect from the





.weather 100 ’tons of any other roughage.





‘We all aspire to have a roomy barn and

mow. Why not get the silo first? It

will build the barn and mow.



' T. A. BOBMAN.





A DAY’S WORK ON A FRUIT AND

GENERAL FARM.





 





It is always interesting to me to know

what Others who follow the same occu-

pation are doing and how they arrange

and carry out their work in detail day

by day, hence it is fair to presume that

others may be interested in the detailed

work of a day on our farm. At the risk

of being tedious I will try to give today’s

(June 12) routine of our farm work as

a sample of our daily program.



We arose at 4:30 and while I built the

kitchen fire and fed the two teams and

cleaned and harnessed one Of them, wife

looked after the dressing of the four

children——the oldest six years, the young-

est three weeks—and a little later the

girl came and assisted with the break-

fast. By this time father was up (he is





Inow 80 years old) and drove the cows





from the pasture and gave them a fee

of potatoes and ground corn and oats to

supplement the pasture, and fed the 22

porkers which are getting along toward

the ZOO-lb. mark and will soon be ready

for market. Their main ration is corn,

with potatoes and buttermilk and some

skim—milk as a variation and supple—

ment. The horses get a mixed feed of

oats and corn on the cob, on the warmest

days mostly oats, and sometimes oats and

corn ground together, with good clover

hay.



After feeding the teams and getting

one ready for work, I picked up the

strawberry boxes and crates that had

been returned the day previous and

loaded these with the carriers on the

hand cart ready to start to the tent in

the strawberry patch after breakfast.

Two of the men came at six o’clock and

one of them cleaned the stables and

cleaned and harnessed the young team

while the other milked the four cows,

and both were in the field before seven

o’clock. There was a rain the night be-

fore, not heavy, but just enough to leave

the soil in excellent condition to work,

and one team was set at cultivating the

corn, while the other disked the young

orchard of mixed apple and peach trees

with the cutaway harrow. It was a cool

day, much in contrast to the sweltering

heat of Saturday, and the teams did a

good day’s work easily.



It was a busy day in the strawberry

patch. The intense heat, alternating sun

and thunder storms, had ripened the ber-

ries fast. The Dunlaps were about at

their best, while there was a light pick-

ing on such late varieties as Aroma,

Sample, Gandy, Brandywine, and Pride

'of Michigan. Our high school closed the

week before and the principal assisted in

looking after the pickers in the field. We

also had a tent girl to punch tickets and

pack berries, and I assisted with this all

I could, though it took much of my time

to attend to sales and look after the gen-

eral management. My wife was also

busy at the house answering ’phone calls

and filling orders, keeping books and

cashing pickers’ cards.



There were about 40 pickers, little and

big, besides ten or a dozen who picked

berries for themselves during the day in

the old patch, which we had kept over

without care, and which is yielding quite

a good many berries”, though smaller and

not as many as those which had been

given good care. \Yc were through pick-

ing about noon and by the middle of the

afternoon most of the berries had been

disposed of, the bulk of them being

handled by the grocers of our village who

come to the patch with their delivery

wagons and get the berries and deliver

to their customers, returning the crates

when emptied. They handle the crop on

a commision basis.



The balance of the afternoon was put

in thinning peaches and filling in va-

cancies in the spring set strawberry

patch, some of which succumbed to the

dry weather. It is rather late for this

work, but the ground is moist and if a

part of them grow it will repay for the

work as the extra plants will not make

additional care, and will be ahead of new

August set plants if they grow well.



One circumstance made the handling





of the berries today rather difiicult. We





could not get baskets or boxes to handle





JULY 1, 1911.





the crop in. We had picked up all we

could hereabouts, and got on. crates back

with them as soon as possible, but we

had to handle some of the crate orders

in crates lined with paper and without





baskets, and quart orders in pasteboard ‘





ice cream pails. We received a shipment

of 100 crates and boxes the middle of the

forenoon, which relieved the strain for

the day, and we have the promise of

more Wednesday.



After chores and supper about 7:00

o'clock, I picked up the scattered crates,

boxes and carriers, and got them in read-

iness for tomorrow. Also made a trip to

town for some we had located. I then

read stories to our two-year-old boy until

he was sleepy and put him and his four-

year-old brother to bed, while their

mother got the two girls tucked away for

the night—~perhaps I'should say portions

of the night, for they are all having a

siege Of the whooping cough and we have

to get our sleep on the installment plan.





'Vi’ife and I then took a few minutes to

visit and compare and record accounts.

\Ve find that we have picked 1,600 quarts

of strawberries today and have five

crates on hand, but these are promised

to go on the morning delivery. The pick-

ing was all sold in our home town of 700

inhabitants, as our entire crop has been

thus far, and I think the town will take

them all so long as the price is reason-

able.



By the way, I forgot to mention that

with the other work the women managed

to get the washing and ironing done also.

I intended to write some letters tonight,

but it is now ten o’clock, and I think

I shall retire and call it a day’s work.

If some of the city people who are kick-

ing on eight and nine hour days and

think the farm is a paradise to enjoy a

life of leisure and scooping up money

upon, as advertised by southern and

western land boomers, would follow some

of us for about one day (16 to 18 hours),

some of their erroneous notions would be

corrected.





Calhoun CO. S. B. HARTMAN.





 





MILLET A SUBSTITUTE FOR HAY.





 





I would like your Opinion about sowing

millet. I am going to be short of hay,

and have about 10 acres of clover that I

shall cut as soon as the weather settles.

How would it do to sow it the last of

June or first of July? Would it get’ ripe

enough for feed? It is on low and rather

heavy land but all tiled. Would you ad-

vise millet or Hungarian grass?



Berrien Co. W. W. K.





With a favorable season‘ so far as

moisture is concerned a crop of millet,

personally I would prefer Hungarian

grass as it makes better hay, would be

a splendid substitute for hay and a very

paying investment. If however, the sea-

son is unfavorable, in other words, if it

is so dry that you cannot get proper ger-

mination after you plow your clover sod,

your plan fails. I have tried the thing

myself and the'succe'ss of the project

depends entirely upon the moisture. If

you have a good rain after you plow the

clover sod, so that you will get quick

germination Of the Hungarian seed, why

you can get a splendid crop and it is

splendid hay. You should sow about.

one-half bushel of Hungarian seed per

acre. It wants to be thick so that it will

not grow coarse, and it should not be al-

lowed to get too ripe before making into

hay. Do not allow it to mature, cut it

while it is in the milk the same as you

would oats, then you get the entire food

value of the plant in the crop of hay.

Cut at this stage of maturity and prop-

erly cured, Hungarian grass is a hay that

can be fed to all kinds of stock with per-

fect safety and it is 'a very palatable and

nutritious.



COLON C. LILLIE.





LILLIE FARMSTEAD NOTES.



We finished planting our ensilage corn

on Monday, June 12. Had we had ordi-

nary weather for doing spring work it

might have been finished long before, by

the last of May. Not one single crop

have I attempted to put in this spring

but we have been delayed by an exces-

sive rain storm. It was so with the cats,

with the sugar beets, and with every

field of corn. TVe have three fields of

corn and in every instance I got the field

all ready to plant, started planting, just

got nicely started with it and then there

came a rain which necessitated the fit-

ting of the balance of the field over again

before the corn could be planted.



As I stated before, we got our oats in 3*

exactly the wrong time. Had we put

them in a week earlier or a week later

the results might have been vastly difo





 





wk)!





7"
JULY 1, 191.1.





ferent, but as the case is, I had to plow

up the ground and plant it to other crops.

This makes me a larger area of corn, but

we have got the corn in in good shape

and there are prospects for a good stand

and moisture enough so that it can grow,

and the loss will not be serious, because

there is plenty of time yet to mature a

crop of ensilage corn.



Our field corn, that is, the corn in-

tended for husking, has been planted for

some time and in spite of the heavy rains

it is growing fairly well. We have just

finished cultivating it, and that which we

planted first is large enough so that we

did not need the shields on the cultivator.

There is not a good stand, however. In

many places the corn did not come. It

was under water for several days at a

time even with tile drains. Consequently

we will not have an extra large crop, but

with favorable weather we will undoubt-

edly have a fair one.



Sugar beets stood the excessive rains

better than any other crop. Only just a

few places in the field were materially

injured by the rain and I have got a good

stand and they are growing wonderfully.

\Ve began thinning them June 12. I

think this is the earliest of any season

since I have grown sugar beets, and the

thinning is fairly well advanced at this

time, June 17. Of course, the rains de-

layed our getting into them with a cul-

tivator as soon as we. ought to and many

portions of the field are very weedy, but





~by giving them a good thorough cultiva-





tion and having them well blocked, or a

good job done in blocking rather, every-

thing will come out all right. It has

not been a serious 30b to thin them and

they are looking fine. There is moisture

enough and proper growing weather so

that the beets come up well after thin-

ning, and the cultivating that we are

doing now, following the thinning, has

put us in command of the situation and

from now on I don‘t think there will be

any trouble in taking care of the beet

crop. It bids fair, I think, to be one of

the best beet crops that I ever raised.





Alfalfa Haylng.



‘Ve began cutting alfalfa on June 16.

This is in the field that was seeded a

year ago last August, a portion of the

field to alfalfa alone and the balance

with a mixture of grass in it. This is

also the field where I followed the direc-

tions of a. successful alfalfa grower and

.lisked part of the field, two strips

through the field to note the results. On

that portion of the field which is the

larger part of it containing a mixture of

grasses, I have a splendid crop. I don‘t

think there is any question but what it

will yield two tons of good hay to the

acre. In many places it is exceedingly

heavy. Here, of course, the alfalfa is

thin because we only sowed five pounds

of seed to the acre, but there is a good

sprinkling of it all through the grass and

it looks just as healthy and just as

thrifty as where the alfalfa is seeded

alone. What it will amount to later on,

of course I do not know. I am positive

that there will be one-third or one-half

more hay to the acre on that portion of

the field containing the mixture of grass

than on that portion seeded to alfalfa

alone. This, of coruse, is for the first

crop. Now, if we do not get a second

crop upon this portion of the field and

do get another crop on that where the

alfalfa is seeded alone that will make a

material difference. But at the present

writing the mixture of grass seems to be

the most profitable, certainly the first

crop is the most profitable. This mix-

ture of grasses, it will be remembered,

is composed of orchard grass, timothy,

common red clover, alfalfa, alsike, and

meadow fescue, and there is a nice

sprinkling of all of these. I anticipate

it will make choice hay if we have. good

luck in curing it.



Disking alfalfa with me was a total

failure. It nearly ruined both the alfalfa

and the other grasses. There isn’t one-

half the stand nor half the yield on those

two strips that I disked that there is on

the rest of the field, and from my expe-

rience I cannot understand why other

people would have such splendid results

by disklng alfalfa. I should say from

this experience to keep the disk harrow

off the alfalfa and to keep everything

else off from it that would dig it up

when it is young or before it is well es-

tablished. Perhaps on an old alfalfa





'field that has large and tough roots, it





might be a good thing to go on with a

spring tooth harrow and dig it up and

perhaps with a disk harrow, but certain

it is that on these two strips across my

field it did more harm than good, and

vastly more, too.



The other alfalfa field which I seeded





THE MICHIGAN FARMER. ' (3) 3





with eats a year ago last spring is also

ready to cut and we shall go into it at

once. I am following Joseph Wing’s and

Governor Hoard's advice and cutting the

alfalfa as soon as the new growth starts

at the crown. But, as a matter of fact,

I am going by that but I am not follow-

ing their advice because I did not begin

to cut soon enough. As a matter of

fact, it would have been suicide so far

as hay is concerned, to attempt to cut it

until the present time because it could

not be cured, and then we didn’t get our

ensilage corn in until the 12th and we

could not do anything until after that. I

would not cut alfalfa or anything else

until I got the 30-acrc corn field stirred

up that hadn’t been stirred since planting

time. we all know that it is well enough

to say what ought to be done in farming

but it is nearly all a question of doing

the best you can, not just what you

ought to do. But I did not look at the

blossoms or anything else and did not go

by anything except the new growth at

the bottom. Some of this I am afraid is

tall enough so that it will get clipped off

but I'am setting the mowing machine

high so as not to cut very much of this

growth. In other words, I am doing the

best I can to follow this advice.





Potatoes.





“'e haven‘t planted our late potatoes

yet. I should be planting them now if,

it were not for the urgent need of the

alfalfa to be cut, and I am holding off

just a few days from planting the pota-

toes in order to harvest this alfalfa as

near on time as I possibly can. “'e

ought not to stop haying now until it is

all done because the red clover will be

ready to cut as soon as we get through

with the alfalfa, but we will have to

delay that long enough to plant the po-

tatoes. The ground is all ready but fur-

rowing out and when we get at it it will

not take long. However, I am not ser-

iously worried over the potatoes because

the last two crops were the best crops of

potatoes I ever raised in the past twenty

years, and two years ago we did not

finish planting the potatoes until the

sixth day of July and last year we did

not finish planting until the very last of

June, and so if I get them in any time

next week I will figure that I will have

a chance for a good potato crop again

this year. ' COLON C. LILLIE.





 





SOCIAL NEEDS AND RECREATION

FOR THE SUMMER.





 





The farmer’s life is somewhat isolated.

He hasn’t the social opportunities that

his city cousin has and for this reason he

must try and overcome this condition

somewhat. Unless he realizes the effect

which this isolated condition is sure to

produce, and guards against it somewhat,

the effect is sure to grow upon him, and

he will lose his desire for society, he will

lose his desire for mingling with his fel-

low men, and he will lose his importance

and his influence to a greater or less de-

gree as a citizen and a man of influence

in his community. A city man, too,

must consxuer this proposition. He, too,

can become a, recluse unless he guards

against it, and it demands good judg—

ment upon the part of any man to know

just how much of an effort he should put

forth in this respect. because pleasure

and social functions should not cause one

to neglect business. The old saying is,

“Business before pleasure,” and yet this

should not be literally interpreted, be-

cause, if one always puts business before

pleasure there would be no pleasure.

There is enough business on hand for

everyone if they attempt to do it, so that

it would exclude the pleasure entirely,

and yet the average person is so inclined

to partake of pleasure and of recreation

that the old saying has become a triusm,

and people even who believe in this old

saying of business before pleasure, real-

ize that the desire for pleasure is so

strong with most people that it is neces—.

sary to keep this truism ever in mind

else one neglects his business for the

pleasure and the recreations of life.



Unfortunately, the outing season, that

is, the natural outing season, comes at

the time of the year when the farmer is

the busiest. \Ve must make hay while

the sun shines. “'e must plant corn

when it is the time of the year to do

that work, and we must harvest the crops

when they are ripe. This all comes at

the time of the year when one longs to

be at the lake or take some pleasure trip.

And it comes at the time of the year

when the city business man can best

afford the time for this leisure. In the

winter time the city business man feels



(Continued on page 20).





 





 





¥.\‘/ .sgw.v.v.v.v.v.v.xg§§§ya<





 





0





 

 

 





) has crept into





v





 

 

 





Look Inside the Watch

Case for the. ,

‘ Name





‘Crescent”





“Jas. Boss”





layers of gold so thin that

the engraving or engine-

turning can not be done

with a diamond—pointed

tool. It is merely bur-

nished on. Such a case

may be stamped “guaran-

teed for 20 years” when

it will not wear twenty

weeks.



You can be sure of legit-

imate value if you will insist

on a “Crescent” or “Jas.

Boss” gold—filled case and

look for our trademarks.

They are standard with the

fine jewelry trade, and have

been for fifty years.





‘,

. \





 





he cheapening

process that





'A'A'A'A -





1 ~the watch - case busi-

ness has hurt the legit-

imate jewelry store.

Too often the jeweler

himself has been blinded

by the “guarantee” stamped

inside a low—grade case.

You are partly to blame

because you inquire about

the moremrnt of a watch

and pay little attention to

the case. ,

Thousands of filled cases

are sold every day with the





, limit)»: ‘p'





The Keystone

Watch Case Company





Established 1853

Philadelphia





   

   

 

 





 





 





 





.‘ "i . 'A‘A'NA‘A'A'NA





 





4%

AS.BOS$





» cow nurc





 





 





 





 





Real Bone and Potash





In some sections wheat growers refuse to use any other

phosphate than real bone.



More wheat and a better stand of clover will be secured if

the bone is balanced with Potash. The longer bone has been

used the more urgent becomes the need of





POTASH





Try 200 to 400 pounds per acre of a mixture of equal parts of bone and

Kainit, or one ton of bone with 300 pounds of Muriate 0i Potash.

Scc that your dealer carries Potash.

4 If he does not,writo us for prices. stating,y 0

amount noodt-d. and ask‘lor our free bookfi,

“Fall Fertilizers" and Home Mixing. ’





GERMAN KALI WORKS, Inc.





BALTIMORE, Continental Bldg.

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THE OHIO GULTIVATOR 60. 106-0hlo 8t. Bollovuep 0M0
POULTRY!" BEES?





POULTRY AND BEES 0N MICHIGAN

FARMS.





 





 





The figures showing the number and

value of domestic animals, poultry and

bees on the farms of Michigan at the

time the census of 1910 was taken have

been made public in a preliminary state-

ment issued by the Department of Com-

merce and Labor. In respect to poultry

and bees the statement does not show the

full strength of these industries in the

state, for the reason that the figures for

the towns and cities have not yet been

compiled and therefore are not included

in the statement.



Probably the most surprising fact

brought out by the figures is that over

8 per cent of our farms reported no poul-

try, the census showing that there are

now 206,960 farms in Michigan, of which

number 189,417 produce poultry of some

kind. In the aggregate the industry

shows a marked advance during the past

ten years, the estimated value of all poul-

try in the state last year being $5,611,000

as compared with $2,686,000 in 1900, a.

gain of $2,925,000, or more than 108 per

cent. The increase in value has, how-

ever, been much greater than the gain

in number of fowls. At the time the

census was taken there were found upon

the farms of the state a total of 9,967,039

fowls as compared with 8,405,606 in 1900,

a gain of more than 1,500,000, or some-

thing like 19 per cent. A close study of

the figures, however, shows that all fowls

lost ground during the decade with the

single exception of chickens. \Vhile chick-

ens were making an increase of 1,664,870

(from 8,033,531 to 9,698,401) turkeys de—

creased from 191,863 to 81,263, ducks from

106,399 to 54,723, and geese from 73,267

to 66,772.



Of 189,417 farms reporting iowls, nearly

all, or 189,315, reported chickens, number-

ing 9,698,401, valued at $5,307,000; 20,710

reported turkeys, numbering 81,263, val-

ued at $156,300; 18,179 reported geese,

numbering 66,772, valued at $87,200; 14,-

214 reported ducks, numbering 54,723, val-

ued at $37,100; 6,243 reported guinea

i‘owls, numbering 26.2.74, valued at $11,-

200; 2,427 reported pigeons, numbering

39,610, valued at $12,300; and 27 reported

peafowls, numbering 96, valued at $370.



“’hen we come to bees we find a de-

crease of 6.8 per cent in the number of

farms upon which bees are kept, 18,122

farms reporting bees in 1900 as against

16,892 in 1910. The number of colonies

of bees kept, however, show an increase

from 100,397 in 1900 to 115,274 in 1910, or

a gain of 14.8 per cent. The increase in

value during the decade was somewhat

greater, the aggregate value of colonies

in 1900 being $352,500 as compared with

$446,500 in 1910. From these figures it is

seen that the average value per colony

increased only 36 cents during the ten

years, the value per colony being $3.51

in 1900 as compared with $3.87 in 1910.





JULY IN THE POULTRY YARD.



liuring hot weather a start should be

made suilicienlly early in the mornings

to give the Iirst feed to the young stock

about live o'clock. The food for this

curly meal may be prepared the night

before and left in the oven, so that it

may be warm. Start at the hour named

with food and water, and commence with

the youngest chickens, working up to the

oldest. Ducklings, turkey poults, and

all young stock should receive their first

food as early as possible. If there are

any hens hatching they should next re—

ceive attention, taking them off the nests

and giving them food and water. While

they are feeding give the adult stock

their breakfast, and then go back and

put the hens on the nests. After this the

roosting houses may be cleaned out, and

the incubator eggs turned and cooled.

As last month, the chief occupation of

the day will be the feeding of the young

stock. Up to a week old they will need

food every few hours; from a week to a

month, about five times a day; one

month to three months, four times, and

three to six months, three times a day.

Those in coops with the hens will need to

be let out for exercise, and the time they

are out may be lengthened acording to

their age.



The hens may be taken from the chicks

when the latter are from six to eight

weeks old, after which they may have

their liberty entirely, keeping them in





 





coops or small houses at night.

Two meals a day should be sufficient





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





for the adult stock from this on, except

with fowls constantly confined, which

should receive a mid-day feed of green

food. The last feed may be given about

five o’clock. After this the young birds

in coops may be let out with the hens

for a run, and all the coops cleaned and

changed to fresh ground before they are

put back. In showery weather the time

for changing should be when the grass

is driest. No hard and fast rule can be

adhered to in the management of young

stock. One must be guided by his own

judgment to act according to weather

conditions.



\i’hen the adult birds have gone to

roost the runs should be raked over and

cleaned up, the food troughs cleaned, the

water vessels cleaned and filled, and ev-

erything left in readiness for the next

day. The nests should be visited and all

broody hens sitting on them removed,

placing them by themselves either in

coops or vacant pens. Incubator eggs

may be turned, and then, the last thing,

the food should be prepared for the next

day. Go around before dark and have a

last look at everything. Often something

has been omitted during the busy season

that catches the eye when a quiet look

is taken at the close of the day. A door

may have been

be shut; a brood of chickens may have

been left out of the coop; some hens may

have gotten into the wrong pen—one

never knows what may have been omit-

ted. I generally lock all the doors about

eight o’clock at this time of the year,

and then have a look into every pen and

house to see that all is right. With the

young stock it is well to place fresh

\vater'in their vessels and scatter a little

grain about that can be eaten next morn-

ing before their first regular feed, as

they are usually up about daylight.



Canada. W. R. GILBERT.





SHADE AND VENTILATION FOR

HIVES.





 





A crowded condition renders a bee hive

somewhat untenantable, and it also in-

terferes with the duties of the queen. It

is a well known fact that temperature is

an important factor in influencing the

swarming impulse. A number of col-

onies located in a pent-up atmosphere,

subjected to the burning rays of the sun,

will swarm much sooner than a like num~

ber equally strong but protected by

shade. Ventilation also governs largely

in the matter, and its necessity becomes

more apparent with hives exposed to the

sun’s rays than otherwise.



As everyone knows, hanging out and

sulking to the front of the hives shows

that something is not quite right. A col-

ony in the height of the honey fiow

should have no loafing or sulking bees.

llarly in the season, perhaps the bees are

a little cramped for room, and they get

into the “habit" of loafing; and this habit,

once established, is hard to break up; or

perhaps the entrance is too small, or the

hive not properly shaded.



Bees will not stand as much heat when

freshly hived as they Will after being

well settled in housekeeping. i’i’hen hiv-

ing a swarm I raise the front end of hive

with corner blocks, made of inch stuff

21/2 in. wide and 5 in. long, sawed diag—

onally from one corner to another. These

blocks are also used for contracting the

entrances when needed. The entrances

must be the whole width of the hive, and

at least one inch high. If entrance guards

are used, then 2 in. high and the whole

width of the hive. With the hive so

ventilated that the bees are enabled to

keep the temperature at normal, there is

no danger of the combs breaking down. 1

next put the shade board on top of the

hive and the bees are about as comfort-

able as I can make them, and are most

always sure to stay and make it their

new home. If the evening proves a little

cool, I remove the corner blocks after

sundown, but leave the shade board on

for a few days at least.



Openings in the upper part of the hives

are not only useless, but are actual

nuisances. An opening above will create

a circulation of air on account of the

difierence of temperature between the in-

side and outside of the hive. If the

weather is cold, the circulation will be

strong precisely when not needed, or even

hurtful. If the weather is very warm, the

temperature is about the same outside as

inside, and there will be almost no circu-r

lation. The top openings will then be

nearly useless, besides affording robbers

a splendid chance to raise a racket. For

this reason I prefer to have ample en-

trance only: that means also a hive not

too high, and wide enough. F. G. H.





left open that should,





JULY 1, 1911.





 





 





El





1E3





 





F





S soon as a man owns



a motor car he begins



to take a new account



of time. And as soon as a



man appreciates precision in



a timepiece he is in line for

a HOWARD Watch.



There are 1450,000 automobile

owners in the United States—and

they are rapidly learning that

there is no watch for their use

like the HOWARD.



Its hard-tempered balance will

not knock out of true with the jar

and jolt of travel. It is unhurt by

changes of _ temperature or the

vibration of themachinc.





Dept. No.‘ 114





 





 





 





 





The Howard Watch





Send us your name on a postal card and we will send you—FREE—

our pamphlet-*THE STORY OF EDWARD HOWARD AND

THE FIRST AMERICAN WATCH. It is a chapter of History

that every man and boy in this country should read.





E. .4 HOWARD WATCH WORKS





 





 





It: adjustment is permanent and con-

stmcfivaerfcctcd during the building

of the watch, not added afterward as a

superficial polish.



Every HOWARD is eased at the

factory—and timed and adjusted in it:

own case.





A HOWARD Watch is always worth

what you pay for it.





The price of each watch—from the

l7~jewcl (double roller) in a Crescent or

Boss gold-filled case at $40 to the 23-

jcwel in a 14K solid gold case at $150

——is fixed at the factory and a printed

ticket attached.





Find the HOWARD jeweler in your

town. When a man makes a permanent

investment like the purchase of a

HOWARD Watch be naturally wants

to see what he is buying—he wants to

get the dealer's expert advice. The

HOWARD Watch is sold only by

legitimate jewelers—and not ,‘every

jeweler can sell you a HOWARD. The

jeweler who can is a representative

merchant-11 good man to know.





 





Boston, Mass.





 





 





 





 





 





1E]





 





 





 





 





F illYour SiloF irst





Pay Afterwards





We want to prove to you that our machine-

are a good investment before you give up

your money. We know they are so good that

we do not feel it nrisk to

make this offer. Just tell

us your needs.





 

   

   

   

   

   





SILOFILLING





3305 mm...





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Write for it.





E. W. ROSS 00.80: 14 Springfield, Ohio

We also manufacture the Ron Silo





   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

 

 

 

 





 





 

 

 

 





. Don’t Let

Your Dog Die





Distemper. Co to your druggist—gct abottle of

CRAHT’S DISTEMPER REMED

Money back if it fails. Nothing so good {or

Distemper. etc., in Horses, Sheep and Dogs. At

dealers or send to us and t3 rm Veteri-



n. wan diam. co..u

Shoot. Lafayette. Indiana





   

   

     

 





 





“Gleanings in

Boos on the Farm Bee Cu,





tare"

Will help you get more pleasure and more broil

from Bee keeping. 6 months trial subscription 25ct

Book on Bees and Catalog of Supplies sent froe'

Tn: A. I. ROOT com-Al". lo: 04. Min, 0M0;





 





‘6 . . . -

EGGMAKERS ”—3.3. gzme'ifisil‘ég'égi'ihfsfwi.





 





WM. J. COOPER. Mt. Pleasant. Michigan.





EGGS from the famous Blue Belle Strain of Barred

Rooks. rile winners at Chicago & Boston. $1.50 a

setting. from special gem of 8 hens. $2 from s ecial

pen 0 10 pallets. Lake idge Farm. Levering. ich.



—I’rize winning





EGGS FOR HATCHIN Mud...”—





White and Columbinn, White Holland Turkeys, and

White Guineas. Z. KINNE. Three Oaks. Mich.





 





 





S C BLACK MINORCA EGGS—La lat white

I I 11X; and lots of them. 51 for 1 ; $3 or 50: $5

or .





. A. BLACK. B. No. 6. Lakeview, Michigan.

While he hornszlidi‘? 32.58331. 9.2%“33'6

per 15. Ray . Graham, E. F. D. No. 1. Flint. Mich.

LILUB FARHSTEAD POULTRY

B. P. Rooks. R. I. Reds. W. anndotteo and S. O. W





Leghorn 6358 for sale. L5 for 81: 26 for $1.50; 50 for

82.00. OLON C. LILLIE. Coopersville, Mich.





 





 





 





FGGS: EGGS: EGGS—~White & Bufl' 0 lngbon~

4 White J: Barred Rocks, Black dz White 1\ inomas.

White dz Bull Leghorns, Rose 7! Single Comb Reds.

floudana & White Crested Blk Polish. H. H. King. Willis. Mich.





HOROUGHBRED B. 0. BROWN LEGHORN Eggs

at 81.00 gar 15 or $5.“) per 1(1). Stock all so .

LEWIS T. O PENLANDER. R. No. 4. Lansing, Mich.





E —Light Brahma, White Wyandotte and Barred

8% Rocks. 81 a settin . 81.50 or two settings.

E. . BISHOP. Bouts 38. {aka 0d





 





 





essa, Michigan.





 





ll. 6. I. la om 60ckerels‘,§“'°-“P"" ‘h" Ema,“

in season. g9}. W. WAITE, Goggvillefllltflcsgigan.





_ f - _

SINGLE 60MB BLACK mom: .9. ciwa’i‘ifa‘.’ 2.2.

$1.50 per setting. R. W. MILLS, Saline. iohigan.

SILVER, GOLDEN and WHITE WYANDOTTES.





Eggs $1.50 per 15: 32.50%! 30. A few White Roosters

C. . Browning, Portland. Mich.





 





left, circular free.





FOR SALE—8 C.'and R. O. Rhoda-Island

32.75; 100 for :5. BUELEOinchZ 2513:3533? €40.55





 





 





 





-U r ‘ -

WHITE WHIMUES kifd“‘.httdw2?3l‘§.“iis. 15:3





pays. A. FRANKLIN SMITH. Ann Arbor. Mich.





 





DOGS.





Fine Collie Pups For Salfi‘iif... fifii‘di‘n‘l

tan. Females only.very cheap to close out. Handsorne.

farm bred. Fleettoot Kennels. Detroit, Michigan.





 





 





0W WRITE W. J. BOSS. Rochester. Mich. for

those beautiful noble and white and tricolor Collie

Puppies. Finest breeding, natural workers.





“only-live Hound Pu . f". ”foéomiml’ah“ °‘.

eats. sand stamp. WP: Libiir. noiiu'lv'iiiégd’fio
JULY 1, 1911. ,





5 LIVE sroEE ;





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.AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA





FEEDERS’ PROBLEMS.





 





. A Ration for the Growlng Plgs.



I have nine Duroc-Jersey pigs that are

four and seven weeks old that I would

like to get to dress 100 lbs. each in the

Quickest and cheapest possible way.

Please balance me a ration for them.

Corn meal is worth $1.25 per cwt.; mid-

dlings, $1.50; bran, $1.40; gluten, $1.30. I

have about 20 quarts of sour milk per

day and can give them clover.



Newaygo C0. T. \V. P.



In starting these young pigs toward the

desired goal, they should be liberally fed

through their dams and in a. supple-

mentary way before weaning at say eight

or nine weeks of age. If a place is ar-

ranged where the pigs can be fed sepa—

rately and to which the sows do not have

access they can be given a desirable de-

gree of supplementary feeding, and will

become so accustomed to the diet and

the manner of taking it by themselves

that they will not receive any setback

from weaning, as is too often the case.

The supplementary feed should be com-

posed of skim-milk, a little corn meal

and middlings to make an attractive slop.

After weaning this same feed should be

continued. Experiments have demon-

strated that the best results are secured

from feeding skim-milk at the rate of

from one to three pounds to one pound

of corn 'meal. The lesser amount of corn

meal should be used at the start when

the pigs need a ration with a narrower

nutritive ratio than they will require lat-

er, and the proportion of corn meal to

skim-milk may be gradually increased as

the feeding period progresses. The mid-

dlings are a well balanced and easily

digested feed and make the best combi-

nation with the corn meal 'and skim-milk

for the young pigs during the early part

of the growing period. As they gain age

and size the gluten meal might be profit-

ably substituted for the middlings, mak-

ing the change gradually, and using

about 50 lbs. of the gluten meal to 100

lbs. of corn meal in connection with all

the skim-milk available and the clover

which is being fed as green forage. This

would afford a nutritive ratio of about

1:5, and by.the time the pigs reach.100

lbs. in weight they will be consuming

around 50 lbs. per day of this mixture of

grain, together with the 40 lbs. of skim-

milk which is available. Fed in this way

and in quantities which come just within

the appetites of the pigs each day, the

desired results should be reached quickly

and economically. Bran contains too

much fiber to make a profitable feed for

growing pigs.





GOOD CARE AFFECTS HOG PROFITS.





 





How often do we hear the expression,

“As dirty as a hog.” The instant one

speaks of hogs there is associated with

it the thought of filth and mud. It is

still hard for, many farmers to get rid of

the notion that anything is good enough

for a hog. Yet there is no animal on the

farm which requires better protection

from cold than the hog; nOne for which

a good bed is more necessary, and none

so much in need of sunshine as a little

pig. The horse and the cow have good

coats of hair—even a calf or a colt when

left in the cold is provided with a good

fur coat; the hen's feathers are the best

of protection against cold; but the hog

has almost nothing between his skin and

the weather. In the corn belt hog-rais-

ing has probably made more clear money

than any other enterprise. In view of

this one might expect to find hogs the

best housed of any animals on the farm,

but the opposite is the case. On the

average, the hog house is the poorest

building on the farm and the least adap—

ted to the purpose for which it was in-

tended. Good barns may be seen on a.

large proportion of the farms, but good

hog houses are generally hard to find.



One of the first requisites for success

with hogs, says Farmers’ Bulletin No.

438, entitled, “Hog Houses,” by J. A.

\Varren, about to be issued by the De-

partment of Agriculture, is a shelter

where young pigs can be kept warm and

well supplied with sunshine and fresh

air. A little pig takes cold very easily

and recovers slowly, if at all. To pre-

vent taking. cold he must be kept dry,

warm, away from drafts, and provided

with fresh air. The authorities found

that good hog men average about seven

pigs raised to the litter and many sur-

pass this record, while the general av-

erage raised on the farm does not ex-

ceed four pigs to the litter. This wide





THE ‘ MICHIGAN FARMER.





difference

housing. _



A little'pig loves sunshine and needs

it almost as much as he needs food.

Dryness, sunshine, warmth, fresh air,

freedom from drafts, and exercise are

of primary importance in raising pigs.

These secured, the battle is half won. In

putting up buildings the six requirements

just mentioned must be kept constantly

in mind; not one can be neglected. These

houses, however, need not be expensive.

A good, single—walled house need not

cost over $10 to $20 a. pen, and double-

walled, $20 to $30 a pen. Very good

sheds are sometimes made for less than

$10 a. pen. 1 .



A large hog house should always stand

east and west, facing the south, so that

the maximum amount of sunshine may

be had in each pen.



Direct sunshine should strike the floor

in every pen for as many hours in the

day as possible at the time when the

pigs are farrowed. The country is dotted

with hog houses in which the owner

thought he was putting the windows

where he wanted them, but later they

were in the wrong place.





is . very largely due to the





G. E. M.





THE GROWTH OF COLTS.





 





 





Occasionally we hear of record-break-

ing weights for young colts. Then, in

about a week we usually hear some one

doubting the whole statement. But there

is no reason for doubt. Colts do grow

very fast. Only lately I saw a record of

the monthly weights of two pure—bred

Belgian colts up until they were some 12





tion of lard and such meats as bacon and‘

hams having developed wonderfully of

late, and there is every reason for think-

ing that hogs will command good market

prices right along. Just now a good

many old sows that are big lard pro-

ducers are coming to market, and the

receipts of these are expected to under-

go further gains from now on.



that most of the matured hogs have been

marketed, aside from old brood sews,

which are fat and abundant and going to

market freely. The crop of spring pigs

is large, and most of the pigs are healthy

and growing fast. Most owners of cattle

are disposed to let them go to market

without much delay.



Recent marketings of prime beef cattle

confirm the reports from various parts of

the country that such stock is getting

very scarce. Current marketings are

running largely to grassy cattle, and

Texas grass and meal cake fed cattle are

arriving in large numbers at the Missouri

rivcr markets. Further advances in

prices for choice beeves are generally

predicted.



The demand for spring lambs this sea—

son has been phenomenal, exceeding any—

thing ever seen in the past. Everybody

wants lamb meat instead of matured

mutton, and consequently spring lambs

are selling at a big premium. Thus far

the south has been furnishing the great

bulk of the spring lambs killed by west-

ern packers, who have purchased great

numbers of Kentucky and Tennessee

lambs in the Louisville market and for-

warded them to Chicago for slaughtering.



The Chicago health department is mak-f

ing a thorough inspection of the twelve}

thousand dairy farms within a radius ofi

250 miles of that city from which it draws

its supplies of milk and cream. It is





 





 





(5‘) 5





Gonrbaullt’s .

Gausllc Balsam





llas lmitaiors But llo compoiilnrs.





A Safe, Speedy and Positive Cure for





Curb, S lint. Bweeny, Cap ed Hook,

Straine Tendons, Foun or, Wind

Puffs, and all lameness from Spavin,

Ringbone and other hon tumors.

Cures all skin diseases or arasites,

Thrush, Diphtheria. Remove: all

Bunches from Horses or Cattle.

As a. Human Rained for R

8 rains, Sore Throat, %tc-. ii: ishfiiuvgl‘utgglg’.

.. Every bottle of caustic Balsam sold is

Warranted to give satisfaction. Price $1

per bottle. Sold by druggists. or sent by

ress, charrgfs paid, with full directions for

ts use. Send for descriptive circulars,

testimonials, etc. Address





The Lawrence—Wllllams 00.. Cleveland, 0.





 





estimated that the consumption of milk

and cream in that city amounts to 98,-

440,000 gallons in the course of a year,

for which $28,000,000 is paid, and 120,000

cows are required to furnish supplies.

This inspection was suspended several

months ago pending the outcome of milk

inspection legislation at Springfield, but





 





 





A Two-Year-Old Weighing 1,350 lbs.





months of age. The average monthly

gains of the two was 100 lbs. per month.

At 12 months one weighed 1,300 and the

other 1,245. The two-year-old Belgian

that took the blue ribbon at the last

International weighed close to 1,800 lbs.

The two-year-old Belgian shown in the

illustration weighed 1,500. Thus it is not

out of the way to say that a colt will

make greater gains in weight, when giv-

en proper care and attention, than any

other animal on the farm.

Ohio._ CLYDE A. WAUGH.





LIVE STOCK NOTES.



Farmers who are well provided with

grass and corn and intend to feed some

cattle will find that choice stockers and

feeders are still high it. price, despite the

marked reductions that have taken place

in common and medium kinds. Thin,

grassy cattle can be had now at much

reduced prices and are having a larger

outlet, although some farmers still hold

aloof, believing that still lower markets

will be seen later on. The recent ad-

vances in prices for prime beeves in Chi-

cago and other western markets has en-

couraged farmers in various sections to

refill their feed lots with well-bred cat-

tle, and a good deal of feeding will be

done on grass this summer.



The great drawback to the horse trade

in the Chicago market of late has been

the inferior quality of a large part of

the offerings, great numbers of thin,

work-worn animals fresh from the plow

showing up. At the same- time there has

been a marked lack of high-grade horses,

and some choicer animals have sold re—

cently at advances of $10 to $15 per head,

while it was almost impossible to dispose

of the commoner horses.



Recent reports from western Iowa are



The recent government report showing

the serious shortage in the hay crop of

the country resulting from the drought

in different sections has made a marked

impression, and it is evident that the hay

shortage will result in a much larger use

of corn and oats for feed on the farms

of the country and thereby strengthen

prices for these cereals. A great deal of

corn will be fed on grass to cattle, and

everywhere farmers are figuring that no

better profits can be made on corn than

by feeding it to healthy, growing pigs.

Every hog will be needed for the fresh

meat and provision trade, the consump-





 





 





 





on the Farm of T. F. Waugh, Ohio.





The method of weaving the lashes

through the bars in our “PEER-HO”

Uneeda Nets is here illustrated. The

lashes cannot slip and they will not.

tangle. The "PEER-HO” Uneeda Nets

are made in a. variety of weights and

colors. They are durable. sightly and

well-fitting.



A "PEER-HO" Fly Net will make

your horses comfortable. They will put.

more strength into their work.



If your dealer docs not, carry them. we ,





will be glad to send him our illustrated. .

descriptive list, and we will send you one also.





 





work was resumed recently, and the in-

spectors are making a careful inspection

of stables and cows, while samples of

the milk are sent to the city laboratories

for examination. The cows are subject-

ed to careful examination to ascertain

whether they are diseased, and sheds and

barns are examined to determine their

sanitary condition. milk from diseased

cows being forbidden from being sold in

Chicago.



The wool markets of the country have

been developing more animation in re-

cent weeks, the trade partaking far more

of a legitimate nature than a speculative

character.

with less contracting ahead than in for,-





 





Sales are largely for cash, Make. the





GOUGH DISTEMPER

AND Idoiczsnou G U R E

' : secoiul 81.00 can cures leaves. The third

can Is guaranteed to cure .





   

     

 





_ _ 4 . g

‘fll/flux‘f





Yg‘flqn-‘C‘B

sulllmv





 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 





 





The Standard Ve Rented .

one Strong and Willing Wor .





CURES HEAVES BY CORRECTING THE CAUSE





mer years, and considerably higher prices which“ Indication- Sendforbooklet“Horse Troub~





are paid than early in the spring.

shows the benefits derived from main-

taining a firm front, while in several in-

stances organizations of iiockmasters in





This iga’inggglains fully about the Wind, Throat, Stomach





Newton sissafetorcolt, adultormarein foal

I! fil‘l’lllll columnar} All! WORM EXPEllEll

. neon- enemore ress maid

THE NEWTON REMEDY 00? Tulsa: 0M0





 





the far west have been potential in bring~

ing manufacturers to better terms for

sellers.



Another consignment of Chinese pork

arrived at Liverpool recently, embracing

about 16,000 carcasses, in addition to

bacon, lard and eggs.



Sheep shearing has been in full blast

recently in the \Vyoming camps, and re-





 

 





MIUNERAL

H EAVE.

REMEDY





cent sales of the clip have been made at NEGLECT.

150 per 1b., comparing with early sales at “in "Hill





10((17120. Recently nearly three million





pounds of the spring clip were sold in '0'"- "of"

Montana, including several big clips, 181/10 Send to day





per pound being paid by eastern buyers.





Wool buyers have been arriving in large PERMANENT 1‘ 0





force in Colorado, \Vyoming,





Montana, .

Utah and other states and territories, ‘

and business has become quite lively.





Late Boston reports say that wool from





Wisconsin [lthlg'ln and Ohio has been CERTAIN. .-





selling at 18@25c and territory clips at

15/517200.



A Chicago live stock commission firm

is sending out the following advice to

country shippers of hogs: “Don’t over—

heat in loading~don't load in car bedded

with old manure, straw or hay—don’t

overload—don’t neglect reasonable cau-

tion from the time the hogs leave the

feed yards until they reach unloading

platforms at market.”



Supplies of hogs in the markets of the

country have not maintained their ex-

pected liberal numbers, and it appears

that many droves that would usually

show up in June were sent to market in

May. The country is full of old sows

and spring pigs, but matured hogs have

been largely marketed. Thin sows should

be kept on the farms until fat, for there

is a big demand for lard.





 





 





 





Mlnml lieu. Irmody cm. 463 ”Mb Av... Flushing. PI





 

 





 

   

 





$3 PACKAGE

will cure any case or

money refunded.

$I PACKAGE ~

cures ordinary cases.

Postpaid on receipt of .

price. Agents Wanted. ,r

Write for doloriptlvo booklet. t?





for only





   

   

   





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TIE HARRIS MFG. COMPANY

316 Cleveland Ave..Sale_m. Ohio





OUR! GUARANTEED.

Dr. Frank’s Remedy 0., Dietroit,

Mich., will tell you ow REE.

Write postal today.
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'VE'TERINARY





. W

CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR. V. S.





Advice through this department is free

to our subscribers. Each communication

should state history and symptoms of the

case in full; also name and address of

writ 1:. Initials only will the published.

Many queries are answered that apply to

the same ailments. If this column is

watched carefully you will probably find

the desired information in a reply that

has been made to some one else. When

reply by mail is requested. it becomes

private practice, and a fee of $1.00 must

accompany the letter.





   





 





 





 





Serous Bunch—Pig four days old has

a soft bunch on forehead which must be

painless. for it is lively and has a good

appetite. G. W. B., Montague, Mich.—

Apply one part alcohol and five parts

water to bunch twice a day. Perhaps

the bunch should be opened.



Worms—Indigestion.——When I weaned

some fall pigs they were very fat, but

since then some of them have coughed

more or less and none of them have

thrived. N. L. F., Bad Axe, Mich—Mix

together equal parts ground gentian,

ginger, fenugreek, cooking soda and char-

coal. Give oach pig half a teaspoonful at

a dose in feed twice daily.



Lump Jaw.——I have a cow that has had

a suppurating jaw for some time and it

is no better. I have applied home rem-

edies with very poor results. We do not

use her milk. F. P., Carsonville, Mich.—~

Apply equal parts powdered alum‘ and

oxide of zinc to sore twice daily. Give





2 drs. iodide of potassium at a dose

twice daily. You should not use her

milk.





Stringy Milk—I have a cow that seems

to be healthy which gives stringy milk.

Vi". R. K., Marcellus, Mich. ——Give her a.

teaspoonful of iluid extiact of phytolacca.

root and a teaspoonful of powdered salt

petre at a dose in feed three times a

day. Apply iodine ointment to udder

three times a week.



Barrenness—Lcngthening Milking Peri-

od. -—I own a. ve13 1inc.‘le1sey (ow that is

in perfect health, which I have failed to

get with calf. If I have her spayed,

will she give milk for several years or

will she finally go dry? .1. 1L, Allegan,

Mich—If your cow comes in heat regu—

larly and has no vaginal discharge size.

may get with calf and move a regular

breeder. Dissolve 1 oz. cooking soda in

each pint of water you use in washing

her out; this should be done daily for

ten days and be sure to treat her two or

three hours before service. If this

treatment fails try the yeast treatment.

After spaying a cow they are more in-

cline' to lay on flesh and give less milk;

the1e me, it is the wrong thing to do, to

pzoduct milk.



Infected deer—StIingy Milk. —I have

a cow that is well fed and shows no

symptoms of sickness, but her milk must

be stringy and the cream is the same

11ay. \V'. J. W'., Lake Odessa, Mich.—

If your cow's uddez appears to be nor-

mal and not affected with bunches the

tiouble must be in care of milk and the

cream. It is true the food and water

supply has a. Whole lot to do with the

kind of milk she yields, but in this case

I believe if more cleanliness of the sur-

roundings Where cows are milked and in

milk house is observed, the whole trou-

ble will be avoided. Salt cows often and

change their pasture, for they may be

eating bitter weeds and they may be

drinking water from pool, which infects

them. Give her a dcssertspoonful pow-

dcred nitrate of potash at a dose in feed

twice a day for ten days.



llursal Bunches—Shuttles in Sheep.“

My seven—year—old mare lifts hind feet

a little too high, acting somewhat like a.

horse with stringhalt; she also has Wind

puffs on both hind legs. I would also like

to know if snuffles in sheep can be

cured. \V. S., Merrill, Mich—If your

mare has stringhalt, drugs will not help

her, but a surgical operation might pre-

vent her from jerking up hind feet. Ap—

ply iodine ointment to wind galls once a

day. Catarrhal ailments of sheep are

made some better by washing out nos—

trils with a salt solution which is made

by dissolving a tablespoonful of salt in a

quart of water. These applications should

be made once or twice a day; also give

1'11.l1 sheep 10 or 15 giains powdered sul-

phat at a dose in feed twice a. day.



(ia1get.~l have been reading the Mich-

igan Farmer for some time, but have

noticed no remedy published for the

treatment of garget. I have a faint rec-

ollection that 1 read of you prescribing

poke— —root, but fail to find the copy of

paper which it was in. F. H. B., Alden,

Mich. —None of us can remember much

of \1 but he read and I suggest that you

clip from paper that part which interests

you .most; by doing so you will find a

newspaper to be of much more value to

You, than if clippings were not collected

and saved. For garget give 1 oz. fluid

extract phytolacca (poke root) two or

three times a day for a day or two and

apply the same drug to udder twice a.

day, for two or three days, then apply

iodine ointment once a day. A whole

lot of udder trouble is caused from bac-

terial infection; therefore, I urge every

dairyman to use cleanliness and caution

for fear of carrying infection from a dis—

eased cow to healthy cows. Be sure to

wash your hands after milking a cow

that has garget.



Leucorrhoea (IVhites).—«I' have a four-

year— old mare that is troubled with an

ailment called whites, and i would like

to know if she can be cured. A. E. H,

Montague, Mich. ——Give your mare a des—

sertspoonful of citrate of potash at a





dose in feed or water three times a day.

Dissolve 1 dr. permanganate of potash in





6 qts.





of water and wash out vagina





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





through a small rubber tube with tin

funnel once a day. but before doing so

wash her out with clean tepid water and

use the medicine freely. In making these

applications kindly understand it is an

easy matter to injure the inner wall of

vagina, unless you are careful. A foun—

tain syringe such as is used in human

practice I find very convenient in doing

work of this kind, using, however, a long

nozzle and standing the mare in a posi-

tion with fore feet a. few inches lower

than hind ones.



Bog Spavin.——I have a two-year-old colt

whose sire weighed 1,800 lbs.; its mother

weighed 1,050 lbs., and he is a tall,

growthy colt. This colt became tangled

up in barbed wire fence several months

ago, after which a small puff appeared

in one hock, but caused no lameness;

however, lately he must have sprained

hock, producing a large puff that causes

some lameness. I would like to know

how to treat this ailment. G. G., Rapid

City, Mich.—In my practice and at my

hospital I dislike to apply severe blisters

during the hot summer months, better

wait until cold weather and you will ob-

tain better results. Apply equal parts

tincture iodine and spirits of camphor

two or three times a week. When cool

weather sets in apply one part red iodide

of mercury and. eight parts cerate of

cantharides three times a month.



Chronic Thrush—Would you consider it

a good proposition to purchase a five-

year-old gelding that suffers from chronic

thrush? I know of a case that has last-

ed for two years. frogs entirely eaten out,

but wall and sole of foot in good shape.

I am perfectly at home when treating

foot rot in sheep and am sure I can cure

every case, but whether this remedy

would cure thrush in horses I do not

know. R. O. L., Montgomery, Mich.—

First of all, I might say that thrush usu-

ally yields to treatment. I find that wet

and filth is the leading exciting cause,

and, of course, a removal of the cause is

an important step in the direction of a

remedy for any ailment. Apply calomel

freely twice a day, covering the parts

lightly with oakum to keep the dirt out:

this treatment will usually cure a case.

I often apply peroxide of hydrogen before

using calomel. Remedies that are usually

prescribed for foot rot in sheep are too

active for thrush in horses. If the horse

you refer to has a good shaped foot and

is not lame or sore, don't hesitate to buy

him, but, of course, at less price than if

perfectly sound.



Sprained Shoulder.—One of my cows

seems to be troubled with a. lame shoul—

der; have examined leg and foot and find

nothing wrong. The cow seems to have

trouble in raising foot off ground. C. R.

M., Covert, Mich—Your cow sprained

her shoulder, the muscles are weak, but

if you will apply equal parts turpentine,

aqua ammonia, tincture cantharides and

raw linseed oil two or three times a week

she will soon show improvement.



Cow Did Not Clean Properly.—When

my cow came fresh last spring she did

not clean properly; since then she has

had some discharge and I would like to

know if it will be safe to breed her, or

does she need treatment? A. S., Glad-

win, Mich-A cow in her condition, if

bred, seldom gets with calf; besides, she

may infect bull, therefore, you had better

treat. her before mating. Give her half

a teaspoonful Beechwood creosote at a

dose in a quart of water as a. drench

twice a day for ten days, then give her

three tablespoonfuls bicarbonate soda at

a dose in feed twice a day for 20 days.

Dissolve 1 dr. permanganate potash in

one gallon of water and wash her out

through a small rubber tube with tin

funnel once a day until discharge ceases.



Infectious Abortion—Last September

one of my cows slipped a calf, was bred

four times, then refused bull. but proved

not to be with calf; however, I am not

sure whether she aborted or not. I

might add that this cow was very sick

for two weeks after having her first calf.

11. J. P., Standish, Mich ——Give your cow

40 drops carbolic acid at a. dose in b1an



mash once a day for 10 days, discontinue

for ten days, then give the same doses

for ten days and then give her a. dose

every three days, for 30 days. Dissolve

V, lb. bicarbonate soda in a gallon of

water and wash out vagina daily for 20

das.3'



indigestion. ——My young pigs are inclined

to eat dirt and I should like to know why

they do it. H. L. S. Morley, Mich ——Your

pigs suffer from acidity of stomach and

have. some indigestion Give them some

of the following powder at a dose in feed

twice a day: Equal parts cooking soda.

ginger, gentian and powdered charcoal.

They should also be given small doses

of air- slaked lime and be sure that they

have plenty of green food.



Paresis. —I have a fall pig that lost the

use of one hind leg: his food has consist-

ed of corn, middlings and milk and his

appetite remains very good. R. C. B,

E on Claire, Mich. ——-The less corn you feed

the better. Feed a few ground oats,

skim— milk and green food with some air-

slaked lime added. Give five drops fluid

extract nux vomica at a dose in feed

two or three times a day.



Sprained Coffin Joint—I have a four-

year-old horse that went lame six weeks

ago. When standing he points foot and

appears to rest fetlock joint. I imagine

his lame foot is smaller than the oppo—

site one, but I have been unable to make

him flinch and am at a loss to locate this

lamenese. J. H. G., Sunfield. Mich —I

am quite sure the lameness is in foot,

caused by a sprained tendon. Blister

coronet lightly, using cerate of canthar-

ides and, of course, give the horse rest

until he recovers. These applications

should be repeated every week or ten

days.



Irregular Sfrangles.——My eight—year-old

mare had distemper. seemingly recovered.

then a bunch appeared in throat which





(Continued on page 17).





Cow-Ease





KEEPS

F LIES OFF





Cattle and Horses

and allows com to feed In peace, making

More Milk and More Money for you.

clean. harmless liquid preparation, ap-

plied with a o rayer. Keeps cows in g

conditionk. an eaves five times its soot in





TRIAL OFFER





If your dealer cannot supply

yams sen us his name and

5. and we will deliver

prepaid to youé'o address I-Z

gallon can ofC OW-EASE.

and SPRAYER for apply-

ing. For West of Missouri

River and for Canada. above

rial Oder, 5 .50.

Satisfaction or

CARPENTEK- #0:]:





BOSTON, MASS.





INDIANA SILOS





low In use everywhere. Any user

will tell you why Indiana Silos are

the “boot and cheapest." Let us

send you the Free book that solves

the high priced food question—-

“SH-O PROFITS." Our Factories

are located at. Anderson. Ind., Des

Moines, Iowa, and Kansas City.

Mo. Write for Silo Catalog Today.





IIDIIIA SILO COMM“

1138213111011 Building, - Allows. Ind.





PIGS FOR SALE.





I keep about 2400 cholera proof brood

sows and am so ling fine grade





Yorkshire, Poland-China, Duroe and

Tamworth Weaned Pigs at $3 each.

ALVAH BROWN'S‘PIG FARM,

GRAND RAPIDS. . - MICH.





I. 0. “000K, 1111:7333“ lira Stock Auctioneer.

terms and dates.





for





 

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 





 





Back.

ON C 0 .





 





 

 





 





 





QIULY 1. 1911.





DAIRY SHORTHORNS





of the Bootd‘hodnnmg d k.

on reoo

W. W. HAPI’R. RD. 4. Watervliet. Mllshlgan.

REGISTERED JERSEYS For Sale—Some 00m bin,





1n the b loodo fSt Louis and Chicago World'-

Fair Champions by (BEBMAN HARMB. Reese. Mich





DAIRY [RED SllIlIT "on“ -—Bulls all





still in the business. J. B. HUMMEL. Mason. dMioIn

SHEEP.



' d P 11

Oxford-Down Sheep “3111.2...“

cattle for sale. J. A. Dz GARMO. Muir. Mich.



ood Yearlin Field

OXfOI’d Down Sheeg—G Rams and ewes fit all ages

for sale. I. R. WATERB RY. Highland, Michigan.

—I h 0 1(1) en es. amo them



Reg. Rmbouilleb all 3; my youngest an

also 85 ewe and ram lambs. Live 2% miles east of

Morrioe on G. T. Road. Address J. Q. A. COOK.





H008.





' ' -—Growthy 8 tin Boars'& Gilts



"um“ & “Olaf“: of choicest roe in from Prize

Winners. M. T. ST.RORY ..Lowel Michigan.

BERKSHIRE PIGS combining the blood of the

Masterpiece and Premier



Longfellow families—the world's best; breeding

Price 815. C. D. WOO-DBURY. Lansing Michigan.





BERKSHIRES‘E‘e‘i‘é‘i‘é ”angst: 9'3:





prices. H. W. WIGMAN. Lansing. Michigan.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





- ' —Ten gilts bredto the wonderful Duke

Berkshlms Pontiac Chief. to furrow in April or Ma]





No better breeding. C. 8. Bartlett. Pontiac. Mich.

BEBKS"InEs—Registercd boar pigs. excuuent



individurals, breedmg unsur-

passed. Price $15. 0.0 REY, New Haven, Mich.

TWO Berkshire Gilto, sired hi'lHandoome Prince 3.





Bbred for Aug..farrowing. wi sell at $40 & 845 also

11 few spring pigs left. A. A. PA'I‘TLLUO, Deckerville, Mich.





 





 





 





DAMS BROS. Litchfleld, Mich, breeders of Imp Chester

Whlte and Tamworth swine, service hours. sows bred or

open. of either breed. Shorthorn Cattle, Buff Rock, Buff Wyan-

(lotto. W. Orpington. Ckls. all breeding stock loading winners





0 l C S‘vinemeedto gilts. males weighin from

Wilbs. Price an type

right. Goo. P. Andrewe. Dansville. lnghom 00., Mich.





 





 





0 [C C —M:1rc.h gigs with quality and best pedi—

grees. lrder now and get first choice.

..J THOIIIPSON. Boc.kford Michigan.





9 —Best quality. large growthy



00'. C s For sale t3',po either sex, aim not.



akin, some fine bred ilts choice lot of fall pigs all

ages. one B. so ULZE.N1uahv1ne. Michigan.



—Sold out but





CHESTER WHITE 3..” ,,. .1...





business of raising Cheaters and Holstein cattle.

Both Phones. W. WILSON. Okemos. Mich.



I 0 I c' Brod sows all sold. 93 choice Mar. 1!; April

1 - . Ifarrowed pig: eithersex palirs not akin lg.

. i“ buyers name. Fred ickel, LMonroe, M'





 





 





 





 





BREEDERS’ DIRECT 0RY.

CATTLE.





ABERDEEN-ANGUS.





Herd. consisting of Trojan Ericao Blackbirds and

Prides. only, is headedb by erton .a Trojan Erica.

by Black Woodlawn. sire of i: 9 Grand Chain ion steer

and bull at the International in Chicago, .1910.

He is assisted by Undsulata Blackbird Ito



WOODCOTE TOCK FARM. Ionla. Mich.





3|] As Choice Holstein flows





as you will find an3whore in Ohio or Michigan. I

hope to sell L1 beiore Alfalfa having time. You can

hone your choice of one rr r.15 A few good bulls and

bull calves. LCONNELL. Fayette. Ohio.





TOP NOTCH HOLSTEINS





 





 





 





Top Notch registered young Holstein Bulls com-3





bining in themselves the bi of cows swhich now

hold and have in the poet. held World's Records for

milk and butter fat at fair



McPHERSON mumps'im 00.. Howell. 1111211.





 





-—Handsome thorou hbred 10 months Hol-

For sale stein bull. back keg by heavy producing

families. An excellent individual at a bargain for an

early sale. ROUGEMONT FARMS. Detroit. Mich.





' ' —BULL ’

llolstem Friesnan Cattle Grandm‘fié‘k‘ofifz

ary Mercedes. W. B. JONES. Oak Grove. Michigan.

HDLSTEIN- FHlESIlH Sill?Ji331‘il§¥°£il~“fi$u”‘l‘“1‘3

0.001111. [2.1%. CO BNELL. Howell. Michigan.



OLST EIN BUl 1.8—] with a 20 lb. Dam; A grand





one at: :1 Ion ii uro. Several fine e . t1

LONG BEACH FAIIM, Augusta. Kalgilxliaszdo 03. elf 3:1:





HOLS'I‘EIN Bllll. CALVI'I 1.11. o 1......





Sire has 755 of the blood of the sire of Gr 0 Fa o

2nd’s Homestead. E..COLLIEIL, Fowler-villi. Milx‘l‘i.





FOR SALE‘C"°‘°°" 1.... we

ready for service f Ad istorleduflolséeindsires



. rom vancet e 1‘! ['3’ 31113.

WILLIAM B. HATCH. Ypsilanti.8 Michigan.





FOR SALE”0“§§. Eli‘fifiiif‘lm‘li’fi‘iii;





producing stock. 0. A. BRISTOL, Fenton. Michigan.





 





 





For Sale—From





 





0R SALE—Holstein Bull2 years old 81%. Bull

Calves 6 months to 1 year 850 to $10). Bred heifers



$150 to $300. Oldest herd in Ind. Send for Photos and

Pedigrees, W'. C. Jackson. 715 Box St. South Bend. Ind.





-—Both

HEREFORDS “m8 21?, ligand.





. for sale.

Chma hogs. ALLEN BROS. Paw Paw, Mich.





JERSE

BUTTER BRED Y Sign





CRYSTAL SPRING STOCK( FAR

Silver Creek. Allegan County. Michigan.





11111er Brits-311:..gasgygw m... ..





igh od

Prices right. W. E. SHELDON, Litchfieldr M‘Ilgfim





Register ol Merit Jerseys. 323:; mi};

loot of young bulls from dams with official records

&g11undsM and 11 words of butter



ARS'I‘EON. Bay City. Michigan.





LILLIE FARMSTEAD JERSEYS.

m0 Buusgwdas Signal St. L. No. 58197.

Jubilee' s Foxhall. No. 82299.



Bull calves sired by these great bulls s. and out of

splendid dairy cows. many of them in test for register

of merit. Also a few heifers and heifer calves for





sale. Write for description and prices Satisfaction

;: orggeed. or money refunded





 





 





0. l. 0. March Pigs and Sows lfigl‘irée‘h‘l

H. W. CLARK. It. I“. D. 4, Brighton, Michigan.





! -—All ages, 25 young and 2 3earlin

0. 'o C s- sows, safe In pig. Price foraehorg

time $22to$30. 11.11 .UJ MP, Munith. Michigan.





—Choice registered pi 8 to 16 weeks

0- I c- old. from Worl d's Tsair W'imliers.

(ilenwood Stock Farm, Zeeland. Mich. (Phone 91.)





 





 





 





0. I. c. Chnice Spring Pigs. 21‘33’8‘31323“ $.35

ii h h

1133.. 1.1 “113%? i“ "signs °é‘l‘é’§'8li‘£’i‘h‘0" I

‘ O. I. G. SWIN ‘3‘ hi”: .‘i’. cl‘ffli

es

strain both males and females. Geiegiyopnc: 13%?»





3011 buy. W ill register free of charge in purchaser' a

name. A. J. GORDEN. II. No. 2. Dorr. Michigan





\D U R O C 8—51”? 80351510125535:





A. H. GUISBERT. G‘lford. Michigan.





 





 





I" S —A f

l lllll'OC Jerseys suommgrle farrogvlnzoZBdbrSgrfn);

i: pigs both sex. M. BYRA ,Okemos. Michigan.

DU ROG-JERSEYs—ggflgg:

' solo. CAREY U. EDMONDS. Hastings, Michigan.





DUROG ~25 Bred Sows. ofhi h uality. 10





Excellent Boar's re 3' or service.

75 Fall Pi both sex. W'rite or co me and see.

J. C. BA NEY. COLDWATER. MICHIGAN.





ARGE TYPE P. C. Largest. in Mich. Sept. & Oct.

pigs weigh 25011030011111. Sired by two largest

boars and from largest sown in State. Come and see

I and be oonvmt ed " E. Livingston, Patina, Mich

' -I’. 0. Bears ready for f ll

Bargalns Izioar Killian. Prize winnaitlirg; islaricgn

d‘r Embden Geese. NNE. Three ‘(‘ alts. Mich.

POLAND-C H INA 5—33.21“ ‘1‘1‘1‘5

spring p1gs. WOOD & SONS. Saline. Michigan.

' ' either sex. Fall 8 ,

LS-erng PISS September fax-111w. W’Ifitflo

Barnes & Son. By ton. Shiawassee Co. , Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





dDUR

”’1“ THE EXPRESSB °“ 50130315155395





Pigs. JOHN H. BANCHART, Lansing. Michigan.





Three Extra Good Fall P. G. Roars





By Next In Line. 32 spring male pigs 11311113 to shi .

I ship C. O. D. and furnish pedigree promptly.

you want good as the best, write me for pr11 es





WM. WAFFLE, Goldwater, Michigan.





utlor's I‘ nmous Wonders—The big Poland- China.

without a peer, combining. size. bone. uality.

We’ re bheadquzuters for everything in Poland %hinas.

Herdb oars .brood sows, weanling pigs, always for sale.

Registered Jersey Bulls of all ages for sale, our ricoa

are low. J. 0. Butler. Portlan Mich. Bell P one.





IG TYPE POLAND CHINA BOARS. also fall and





“"ifi’émivi‘gi‘miéf assesses-'1

FOR SAL





as .191sz PIGS-

MURRAY-WHEN“. 00.. MIN llIBOll. HICIL

Lillie Farmstead Yorkshiresdié’laifill





Oak Lodge blood predominates. Large Herd. Three

service boars. Pairs and tries. not akin. Boats ready





 





 





 





August fan-ow. ethos rth. Satisfaction

guaranteed 001.0110. Li‘ffm.“ Coopersvilie. M1011.





 





LON C. LIL LIE. Cooporoville. Michigan.

A few choice heifers





JERSEYS F0. S and heifer calves richly





 





bled. A. NEWMAN. B. No.1. Mariette, 31113111311.





wflfllx to advertisers.





 





for service. A fine lot of spring pigs. Giits bred for .





Please mention the fllclllgen For-or who. ,
JULY 1, 1911.





E HE DAIRY‘





 





 





 





LAW

CONDUCTED BY COLON C. LILLIE.





SECURING PROFIT IN DAIRYING.





 





Profit in dairying depends upon three

main factors. They are quality and quan-

tity of the milk and the cost of prodde-

tion. Since every dairyman, or in fact,

anyone who keeps a cow, is interested

primarily in the net returns for the mon-

ey and labor invested we shall develop

to some extent these three points.





In regard to quality, we may say that

there is an extremely wide variation in

that respect with all milk that is pro-

duced. There is milk carried from cow

barns that is utterly unfit for human

consumption. From that there is a grad-

ual gradiation upward until we reach the

highest class of sanitary milk produc-

tion. From the sanitary dairies that are

really attempting to put out a high class

wholesome product, there is sent out

milk that is as clean and sweet and free

from bad odors and injurious bacteria as

human skill and scientific methods can

make it.



Nothing has more of an influence upon

the quality of milk than does cleanliness.

There is no other farm product that is so

suscpetible to taints and bad odors as is

milk. - There is no product that makes

such a favorable place for the develop-

ment of bacteria as does milk. A single

bacterium can increase to one million

more quickly in milk than in anything

else. That being the case, it is very es-

sential that the utmost cleanliness be

observed at all points in the handling of

the milk.



Cleanliness concerns itself with the

barn. The stall floors and alley floors

must be of a material that can be kept

clean and sanitary, and they must be

kept in such condition. The barn must

be well lighted in order that sunlight may

get in to destroy lurking disease germs.

The milkers themselves must be clean,

their clothes and hands, including finger

nails. There is no special merit in white

clothes for milkers aside from the fact

that they are an index of the state of

cleanliness_of the clothes the milkers

wear. Any foreign material on white

clothes shows very readily and indicates

that a change of clothes is needed if

perfect cleanliness is to be observed.





The pails, spearator, and all utensils

are sources of contamination and bacte-

rial infection if not kept clean. No dairy

can afford to be without hot water and

steam for cleaning out the cans, pails

and separator. The special virtue in

scalding these utensils out lies in the

fact that it kills off bacterial life which

cannot survive above a certain tempera-

ture. One of the worst faults of milking

machines and one of the hardest to over—

come is that they must of necessity pos-

sess a large number of joints which are

difficult to clean. Thus milk that has

gone through a milking machine nearly

always contains a large number of bac-

teria, is less sanitary and consequently

worth less on the market than milk oth-

erwise produced.



The quantity of milk is another main

factor in profitable milk production. In

nearly all cases, the heaviest milker is

the cow that returns the most profit.

There are some heavy milkers that do

not make as economical use of their feed

as some others; however, the lightest

milkers are always kept at a loss. It is

only from the heavy milkers that we can

expect to reap a profit. ,



The only way to really determine which

cows are profitable and which are not is

to go about it in a. business like way

with a Spring balance and tester. The

spring balance should do double service.

In the first place the feed should be

weighed and record kept of it. This will

give the cost of feeding the cows for the

year. This matter of weighing the feed

has come to be practiced by all the best

dairymen in the country. Many of them

go a step farther and feed each cow cer-

tain definite amounts, as determined by

the amount of milk flow and other fac-

tors. The dairymen have come to be the

most scientific feeders of all classes of

stockmen in the world.



The spring balance, the tester, and the

record book tell exactly what each cow

produces during the year. Without the

tester this is mere guess work and the

dairyman is too much of a business man

for that. A tester can be bought for a,

small sum. It is easy to learn to run it

and it doesn’t take much time to test





[THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





the milk from each cow once a week or

once a. month.



To weigh the milk and to record the

data is really a very simple matter. It

is the work of but a moment to hang the

pail on a balance conveniently located

after each cow has been milked. Some

cows are apt to be deceptive unless rec-

ords are kept throughout the year. Some

milk heavily for five or six months then

drop off or even go dry entirely. Such

cows never scale very high when the an-

nual production is figured. It is the

steady, persistent milker that comes out

ahead at the end of the period.



The spring balance and the tester must

go hand in hand. Some cows give milk

that tests nearly twice as much butter-

fat as do others. The one that tests the

lowest may yield much more milk during

the year but when combined weight and

tester results are figured the other may

be ahead.



\Vhen the results are secured at the

end of the year, a. man must cull with

an unsparing hand if he is to build up

the averagequality of his herd. In some

cases a cow may have been low as a

result of some serious illness or some

other good reason. In such cases, if the

cow seems to merit it she should by all

means be given another chance.



In cost of production the dairyman

must exercise his keenest business abil-

ity. The feed bill is the biggest item of

expense. He must either raise his feeds

most economically or else buy them to

the best advantage. He must feed in

such amounts and balance the nutrients

in such proportions that the very best

possible results will be secured from the

standpoint of economy. The matter of

balanced rations cannot be taken up in

this short article but will be treated fully

in a later one.



The problem of hired help is quite a

serious one and requires a large amount

of business sense and knowledge ofiiu—

man nature to handle it. It takes ability

indeed, to secure first-class trusty help

and to keep it steadily when once it is

secured.



One other feature calls for high-class

business sense and that is the marketing

of the product. Near every city there

are some men who are- selling milk at

five cents a quart and others'who are

selling to some special class at ten cents.

Now, there is usually not much difference

in the cost of production in the two

cases; simply a little more business abil-

ity used in working up a market. The

same is true of butter, a fancy product

being marketed at considerably above

the average. In many cases the fancy

product is really but little better than is

being sold at a lower price but it has

been advertised, put up in an attractive

form and thus sold at an increased price

and bigger profit.



Iowa. H. E. MCCAIRJI‘NEY.





A REMARKABLE DAIRY COW.





 





One of the remarkable dairy cows of

the world is the Guernsey, Dolly Dimple

19144, Adv. R. 628. This young cow was

dropped January 21, 1905, and comes by

inheritance from record producing stock.

Her dam was Dolly Bloom 12770, Adv. R.

40, who made the following official year’s

records: 8,841.5 lbs. milk, 453.86 lbs. but-

ter—fat, at two years of age; 12,6748 lbs.

milk, 623.94 lbs. butter-fat, at three years

of age, and 17,297.51 lbs. milk, 836.21 lbs.

butter—fat, at five years of age—the av-

erage for three consecutive milking pe-

riods being 12,937.94 lbs. milk, 638.00 lbs.





butter-fat. Her sire’s dam had a year’s

record of 14,633.08 lbs. milk, 714.31 lbs..

butter-fat.





Dolly Dimple has to her credit the fol-

lowing official year’s records for her three

lactation periods: 14,009.13 lbs. milk, 703.-

36 lbs. butter-fat, as a two—year-old;

18,458.80 lbs. milk, 906.89 lbs. butter-fat,

as a 31/2-year-old, and 18,808.50 lbs. milk,

876.34 lbs. butter—fat, as a five-year-old,

giving an average of 17,092.14 lbs. milk,

828 86 lbs. butter-fat per year.



Not only does this place her in the lead

of all Guernsey cows in the world, but

there is no continuous record of a cow

of any other breed which equals either

the amount of milk or butter-fat, or the

average for a like period made under

similar conditions and with public super-

vision.



Dolly Dimple has also to her credit the

following records for shorter periods

which are the best of any Guernsey cow:

Single days: 72.0 lbs. milk, 3.865 lbs.

butter-fat; 81.6 lbs. milk, 3.956 lbs. but-

ter-fat. Seven days: 533.8 lbs. milk,

23.064 lbs. butter-fat; 529.2 lbs. milk, 23.-

465 ibs.‘ butter—fat, and 479.70 lbs. milk,

23.902 lbs. butter-fat. One month: 2109.3





‘ er revenue from the soil.





lbs. milk, 92.451 lbs. butter-fat. Three'

months: 6,177.9 lbs. milk, 274.791 lbs.

butter-fat. Six months: 11,2969 lbs. of





milk, 499.271 lbs. butter-fat.



The work of this cow is surely a great

credit to her breeder and owner and to

the breed to which she belongs. A cow

that will average for three successive lac-

tation periods enough butter-fat for prac-





tically one-half ton of butter worth at a _





reasonable estimate, $300 a period, is

surely a good example of a profitable

dairy cow. This does not include also the

three valuable calves she has had. It is

no wonder, with such illustrations, that

the Guernsey cow has become noted for

her economical production of dairy pro-

ducts of the best natural color and flavor.





THE SILO A NECESSITY.





 





The farm must carry more live stock.

Continued market grain growing will

bankrupt the farmer and his soil in this

as in other states. Successful growing

of live stock necesitates better feeding

and greater economy in feeding. In this

the silo is supreme.



Animal husbandry is the profitable side

of farming. As land values increase live

stock must meet the demand for a great-

More live stock

is an economy in the production of the

world’s food supply rapidly being forced

upon us.



Through live stock we market our pro-

ducts at home in the finished product.

\Ye can not market our cornstalks and

hay in distant cities, but we can supply

the world with meat and stock products.



Live stock husbandry gives us year-

around employment, converting idle time

during the winter season into profitable

labor. IVe grow feed crops for live stock

which do not exhaust the soil’s fertility

as do grains for the market. Cattle,

horses, hogs, and sheep grow nights and

Sundays, every day in the year.



Every portion of our state will grow

feed abundantly. A portion of the state

will only occasionally grow grains for

market in profitable yields. The harvest-

ing and feeding and proper utilization of

forage crops must in certain sections

maintain our farmers.



The silo is the one farm building need-

ed to successfully bring together our feed

props and live stock and complete a trio

which will increase our prosperity.

man who has a silo admits it. His testi-

mony should be conclusive. Other states

have found the silo indispensable. Let

us profit by the experience of neighboring

farmers. To learn by our own experi-

ence is unnecessarily expensive.



The one constituent of our rough feeds

—the one which comes nearer being

worth more dollars than all those remain-

ing—we have failed to save. This is suc-





culence. That appetizing condition of the

June grass—that of the fresh, green,

juicy cornstalk—that condition which





causes the animal to lay on fat in June,

is not an element of the. winter feed. It

was there. Our short—sightedness, our

failure to recognize it and take care of

it~has caused us to store for winter use,

at the best, very poor feed.



The silo preserves this succulence. It

preserves Indian corn, Kaiir corn, sor-

ghum, milo maize, for the cow, hog, sheep

and horse, as does canning preserve the

peach and all its juice and palatability

for the king, himself. It makes a ton of

roughage in the silo worth three tons

outside the silo. Silage is appetizinguit

creates appetite—the animal can’t resist

eating. The animal eats ordinary rough-

age from sheer necessity—to keep body

and soul together.

and bone, grow from what is actually

eaten—not from what should be eaten.





plant and cultivate Indian

corn and leave in the field over 40 per

cent of its feeding value. \Ve should

stop such reckless waste. Build a silo.

T. A. BORMAN.





We plow,





REDUCE THE FLY NUISANCE.



Anything we may do to alleviate the

suffering of the cows during the time

when flies are troublesome will be amply

repaid us in the increased flow of milk

and gains in flesh condition. One pint of

blood from each cow daily is the heavy

toll demanded by the flies during August

and September. Such losses and suffer-

ing mean they can return no profit from

the pail. In nearly every dairying sec-

tion flies cut down the receipts of milk

from 30 to 40 per cent during August and

September. No dairy section can stand

such losses. Careful spraying -greatly

reduces the suffering of the cows during

fly time. W. MILTON KELLY.





Meat and milk, flesh-





 





 





The 3





 





 

 

 

 





 





._. ' (7) 7





 





CREAM SEPARATOR

USERS

Finally Buy





S‘HARPLES





Dairy Tubulars





Others have tried disk-filled, complicated or

cheap cream separators—and have discarded

them for Tubulars. A_ steady stream of such

machines reaches us daily.



There is the best reason in the world for this:





' Dairy Tubulars contain no disks—have tWice



the skimming force of others—skim faster and



twice as clean—wear a lifetime—are guaranteed



forever by America’s oldest and world 3 biggest

. . separator concern.





Mr. Perry Faringer,

Mill Hall, Pn., says:

“Have been using Tu-

bular over nine years.

Has cost only 5 cents

for repairs."





Other separators are still

M built on a prin-

». Ciple we aban-

doncd over 10 years ago.

They cannot be compared to

Tubulars. You ill finally

have a Tubular— by not get

it first?

Don’t you send a cent away—

or pay a cent for freight

-—to try any separator.

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DETROIT, JULY 1. 19".





CURRENT COMMENT.





 





There is probably

not a single day

in the entire year,

not excepting even

Christmas, which is looked forward to

with more pleasureable anticipation by

children in general and small boys in

particular, than is the Fourth of July.

It is the one day of the entire year when

they are privileged to imitate the con-

fusing noises of the battles by means of

which thepatriots of ’76 won the nation's

independence and to participate in a

measure of their excitement. And one

must be hard hearted indeed, to willingly

deprive them of the joys which attend

the celebration of the great national holi—

day by the rattling explosions caused by

countless small “crackers" and the deeper

intonations of the “cannon" sort, to say

nothing of the marvelous inventions of

sparkling fire which light the evening and

delight the hearts of the youngsters as

the day's celebration is closed with more

or less elaborate fireworks displays. Then

the majority of tired young patriots rc-

tire to dream of the joys of the day with

a truly heroic disregard for the minor in—

juries which they may have suffered from

premature explosions or the injudicious

exercise of a daring spirit which would

develop them into real heroes in later life

should their country's needs demand it.





The “Glorious Fourth"

and Its Celebration.





How unfortunate that this picture of

perfect childish enjoyment is so often

marred by disastrous consequences, either

by the painful maiming of the innocent

victim, or the more dangerous attack of

the ever present tetanus germ. How sad

that suffering and grief must each year

invade some hundreds of homes in our

country as a result of and tribute for the

perpetuation of the spirit of independence

in our youth. Each year. upon the ap-

proach of Independence Day a campaign

is waged for a sane and safe celebration

of the event, yet its dangers are not per—

ceptibly diminished. Probably they never

will be wholly eliminated, but a little

forethought and kind supervision by too





careless parents would greatly reduce

them. Few indulgent parents would

willingly deny their children the joys





which they find in a rather noisy cele—

bration of the historic holiday. Yet a

degree of interest manifested in those

joys would enable them to increase their

safety not a little without detracting





THE ' MICHIGAN FARMER.





from their pleasure to the participants.

How much better for the parents to take

such a supervisory interest in the pleas—

ure which they might derive from devotr

ing themselves to a. personal enjoyment

of the day. How much better to‘encour-

age the children to invest the pennies

which they have saved for the occasion

in the safer mediums of noise in the use

of which even minor personal injuries can

be avoided, and then see that they are

employed in the safest manner possible.

How important that even a. minor injury

be attended to at once, preferably by

consulting the family doctor, that more

serious and painful consequences may be

avoided, and for which they would never

cease to reproach themselves. We can-

not go to the extent of advising that the

children be denied the childish enjoy-

ments of a more or less old-fashioned,

noisy celebration of the “Glorious Fourth,"

but we cannot refrain from admonishing

every parent who may read this comment

to direct the childish enthusiasm along

the safest and sanest lines possible and

with such kind but watchful care that

they may have no cause for self-reproach

on account of the outcome.





It is not an uncom-

mon experience for

the publishers of the

Michigan Farmer to

receive complaints from readers regard-

ing the non~enforcement of the noxious

weed law after the weeds in question

have scattered their seeds and done all

the damage possible for the season. In

view of this fact we have deemed it wise

to call the reader’s attention to the law

at this time. The law makes it ob—

ligatory upon every owner or occupier of

land in this state to cut or cause to be

cut down and destroyed all Canada this-

tles, milk-weed, wild carrots, oxeye dais-

ies, or other noxious weeds growing

thereon, or on any highway passing by or

through such land. at least twice in each

year, once before the first day of July

and again before the first day of Septem—

her, and as much oftener as may be

nccrssary to prevent them from going to

seed. The law further provides a pen-

alty for non—compliance with its terms,

and makes it the duty of the commission—

er of highways to give general notice

that such weeds must be cut before a

specified time if they are not Voluntarily

destroyed by land owners or renters, and

in case they are not then cut, to enter

the premises and destroy them. The law

further provides that the expense of such

Work shall be charged against the land

and be collected as other taxes are col-

lected. It also provides a penalty upon

the officer charged with the enforce-

ment pf the law for neglect or refusal ,to

enforce it.



This law is unusually stringent in its

terms, and places it within the power of

any person to cause its enforcement in

the community in which he lives. Its

provisions are considered rather severe

by those who are careless in such mat-

ters. but it is undoubtedly a good law and

its general enforcement is greatly to the

interest of the future of our agriculture.





The Noxious Weed

Law.





Several requests have

been received in recent

mails for information re-

garding the new mortgage

tax law, such as the date when it goes

into effect, how the present owners of

mortgages can proceed to get the benefit

of the law, etc. The full text of the law

being rather voluminous, we will under-

take to give its substance as follows:

Section 1 of the law provides that all

indebtedness secured by liens upon real

property shall constitute that class of

credit upon which the act imposes a

specific tax. Section 2 provides for “a

tax of fifty cents for each one hundred

dollars and for each remaining major

fraction thereof of the principal debt or

obligation which is, or under any con-

tingency may be, secured by a mortgage

upon real property situated within this

state recorded on or after the first day

of January, nineteen hundred twelve. is

hereby imposed upon each such mortgage,

and shall be collected and paid as here-

inafter provided.” Provision is made in

the balance of the section for the ex-

emption of mortgages upon certain public,

benevolent and charitable institutions.

The next section of the law provides for

the collection of such tax by the county

treasurer before‘the mortgage can be

recorded by the register of deeds. The

next section prescribes the legal forms to

be used by and the duties imposed by the

law on the various officers charged with

its enforcement. Section 6 of the law

provides the method by which present





The Mortgage

Tax Law.





owners of mortgages may benefit by its





provisions. This section reads as fol-

lows:

Sec. 6. The owner of any mortgage





which is now, or which may be recorded

before this act takes effect, may present

to the county treasurer of the county in

which said property is situated an affi-

davit setting forth the mortgage and the

place of record thereof and the amount of

principal secured thereby which is un—

paid, and may pay a like tax of one-half

of one per cent upon such amount. and

thereafter said mortgage for the purpose

of taxation is to be considered and treat-

ed the same as other mortgages provided

for in this act. Said affidavit shall be

recorded in the office of the register of

deeds and shall be prima facie proof of

the amount of the principal unpaid on

said mortgage. Mortgages given prior to

January first, nineteen hundred twelve.

and on which the registry tax provided

for in this act shall not be paid, shall

remain under the present ad valorem

system of taxation and shall be assessed

and taxed under the present law.





The next section of the law provides



for the disposition of the moneys col—

lected under its provisions, one-half of

which goes into the general fund of the

state and one—half into the general fund

of the county where collected. Section 8

provides that no mortgage or land con-

tract'which is subject to the tax imposed

under its provisions shall be released, en-

forced, discharged of record or received

in evidence in any action or procedure at

law or in equity, nor any assignment or

agreement extending any such mortgage

be recorded until the tax imposed thereon

by the law shall have been paid. It fur-

ther provides that no judgment shall be

rendered in foreclosure proceedings until

the tax shall have been paid. and that the

county treasurer‘s certificate shall be

prima facie evidence of its payment. Fur-

ther sections of the law provide for cases

where the property covered by a mort-

gage is located in more than one county,

and for the exemption of credits upon

which a specific tax is levied by the law

from further general taxes under the laws

of the state.

As noted in our com—

ment of last week, it is

impossible to predict

with any degree of cer-

tainty the outcome of the deliberations

of the United States senate relating to

the Canadian reciprocity pact. Following

the reporting of the bill to the senate and

the commencement of its consideration

by that body, the situation was compli-

cated by a. coalition of the democrats

and the republican insurgents, so—called,

through which the finance committee was

directed to report out the bill formulated

by the democratic leaders and passed by

the house for the revision of the wool

Schedule and the farmers' free list bill,

so—called, also passed by the house, not

later than July 10. The vote by which

this action was directed was so decisive

as to make it appear that the republican

leaders were no longer in control of the

situation, with the result that the finance

committee reported out the bills in ques-

tion the following day with a. formal ad-

verse recommendation.





Reciprocity and

the Senate.





The logical interpretation of this unex--





pected move is that the senate will be

forced to act upon the two bills in ques—

tion before the reciprocity bill is passed,

which will delay final action on that

measure for an indefinite period. The

ultimate effect of this complication is

viewed differently by different individuals

who are in close touch with the situation.

Some contend that it means the ultimate

defeat of the measure, while others as—

sert as positively that it will only delay

its passage, and the fact that the attitude

of those giving expression to these vary-

ing opinions relating to the measure itself

is no criterion as to the nature of the

opinions expressed does not tend to make

the situation easier of analysis.



The later action of the senate, how—

ever, in rejecting the Root amendment

affecting the paper schedule of the agree-

ment by a decisive vote was considered a

victory for the President, who is exhaust-

ing every effort to get the agreement

through without any changes. An effort

is now being made by Chairman Penrose,

of the finance committee. to get an agree-

ment by which a. vote on the reciprocity

bill will be fixed for some certain date.

with the understanding that a separate

date will also be fixed for the bill pro—

viding for a change in the wool schedule

and for the so—called farmers' free list bill.

This would involve a practical agreement

that the various tariff bills before the

senate should receive serious considera-

tion at this special session of congress,

and while some such program might be

arranged there seems to be no immediate

prospect of a settlement of the conflicting

differences of opinion which prevail as to





JUL}: 1, mi.





matters of policy in that body. It would





appear, however, that the senate leaders





are willing to take a chance on the con-

sideration of general tariff legislation if

such a move is necessary to secure the

passage of the reciprocity pact, depending

upon the President to veto such legisla-

tion should it be enacted, since he has

declared himself against any general tar-

iff legislation until the tariff commission

reports. upon its investigations, notwith-

standing the fact that the Canadian pact

was negotiated without any such formal-

ity. In the meantime the business of the

country will continue to suffer from the

uncertainty of the situation, which seems

likely to prevail until the season’s crops

have been grown and marketed.





With the arrival of

the season for hold-

ing the annual school

meeting. every Mich-

igan Farmer reader should give some

thought and attention to the school prob-

lem in his community. Upon the char-

acter of our schools will depend in no

small degree the progress of our indi-

vidual communities in years to come. Too

little attention is given to such matters

by the parents in_ most school districts.

and too narrow a view of the problems

involved‘is often taken by taxpayers who

have no children to send to school. But

all should take an active interest in the

welfare of the school. It means much to

the community and, in the aggregate.

much to the commonwealth. Our 'rural

school system has been one of the great-

est factors 'in the development of our

country and, if properly supported and

fostered, it will mean more in the future,

especially to the agriculture of the coun-

try. VVe are rapidly approaching the

time when the principles of scientific ag-

riculture will be generally taught in the

common schools. and we are in exact

proportion getting as rapidly nearer to

the time when the brightest and best of

our country boys and girls will be at-

tracted by the possibilities of agriculture

and remain upon the farm. Our state is

lavishly liberal in its support of the com-

mon schools. The burden of supporting

a good school is made light in every com-

munity by the handsome income received

from the primary school interest fund.

Many of our schools are too small to be

efficient and should be enlarged. ‘és‘Better

buildings and equipment are’meeded in

many cases. Teachers cannot be too

efficient, and it is poor policy .to sacrifice

efficiency to save a few dollars per -month

in salary. In fact. good schools ‘should

be maintained at any reasonable cost in

every district in the state, and every per-

son in every school district should be

interested to that end.



Mention was made in another depart—

ment of this paper in a recent issue of a.

plan by which the ladies of one school

district in Michigan created a more gen-

eral interest in the annual school meeting

by making it a social as well as a busi-

ness meeting, furnishing refreshments by

way of variety and greatly increasing the

attendance. This is an idea worthy of

general emulation, and there is yet time

to plan for it before the annual school

meeting on July 10. All that is needed

to accomplish results along this line in

any school district is a moving spirit who

is willing to devote a little time and en-

ergy to the proposition





The Annual School

Meeting.





HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.





 





National.



A candy factory was destroyed by fire

in Kalamazoo, Monday, causing a loss of

$150 000



The warehouse of the Jackson Transfer

& Storage Company, of Jackson, Mich..





was burned Monday morning, causing a-





ioss of $100. 000, of which not more than

half was covered by insurance.



At the American land and irrigation ex-

position to be held at Madison Square

Garden, New York city, November 3— 12,

1911, thousand dollar trophies will be of-

fercd for the best exhibits of corn, wheat,

potatoes, oats, cotton, sugar beets, barley,

hops and alfalfa, and an additional prize

of $1,000 in gold for the best sample of

wheat and $500 in gold for the best ap-

ples. Any farmer in the United States

can compete for any of these prizes.



A reservoir near Grand Junction, Col ,

burst Sunday, allowing 5,000 acre-feet of

water into a valley. drowning 5.000 cattle,

sweeping out bridges, carrying away

buildings and destroying crops for 15

miles. The loss is estimated at $100,000.



The interior department of the federal

government has decided against the Cun-

ningham claims in Alaska, where coal

fields, said to be the largest in the world,

were in question. It was his activity

against the allowing of these claims that.

brought Gifford Pinchot into controversy

with former Secretary of the Interior Bal-

linger. It appears that the decision of

the department is final as to the facts of

the case. Points of law may be appealed



(Continued on page 15).
Y





 





 





 





. all day.





i L \





 





LITERATURE

POETRY

HISTORY an?

IN FORMATION





 





 





 





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I ,M’agaz’ne Section





 





97w FARM BOY

an? GIRL



SCIENTIFIC an?



MECHANICAL





 





 





 





 





 





This magazine Section forms a part of our paper twice a month. Eevry article is written especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere





 





 





The Fourth When the Fish Ate the Candy,

and How Uncle Bob Got Even—By Anna Girmus.





It was easy to believe that Uncle Dave

White, at some remote date, was capa-

ble of committing a few of the folliesof

youth, but that old Uncle Bob Lewis was

ever guilty of any such indiscretions

seemed incredible. They had both come

to the neighborhood in their early man—

hood, or what would now be considered

their late boyhood. The country was

still new, painfully new from the farm-

er's point of view. Tall pine stretched

in an unbroken wilderness for miles.

This wilderness afforded employment to

both men, although Uncle Bob Lewis

would inform you that “Dave White nev-

er did 'a day’s work in his life.”



Uncle Dave was a horn sportsman. The

dog, the gun, the fishline were his de-

light. In the early days he knew all the

streams, lakes and trails from Detroit to

the lumber regions of Saginaw and even

beyond. He often acted as guide to

parties coming from the east to examine

their holdings in the then‘far west, or

helped transport provisions and goods

from the larger towns, but best of all he

liked to join a party of hunters. To tramp

all day in search of game, to camp at

night with two or three congenial souls,

that was Uncle Dave’s ideal life.



Bob Lewis worked in the lumber woods.

He could swing an ax with the best of

them. He could pull his end of the saw

In the spring he was equally at

home with a pike pole. That his supe-

riors had confidence in him was proven

by their giving him an occasional drive

to bring down.



Somewhere, early in their history, en-

mity had sprung up between the two

men. A decent sort of enmity, to be

sure, which never degenerated into a.

wish to harm each other, but which in

early life permitted the playing of an

occasional joke and, in later life, the tell-

ing of those jokes to the younger genera-

tions.



Thus it happened that one evening, as

we were sitting on the porch, Uncle Dave

demanded: “Did you ever hear how Bob

Lewis fed candy to the fishes?”



“No," I admitted. “I never knew that

fish like candy.”



“Neither did I," chuckled Uncle Dave,

“but Bob once seemed to think that it is

their favorite diet, and candy in them

days was candy. We only had it Christ-

mas, Fourth of July and such times.”



“Bob allus was hard headed,” he

mused. “He sure couldn’t stand to be

balked, and of course the rest of us boys

didn’t object to seein' him snort.



“Well, that year, along before the

Fourth, we decided to have a picnic at

The Bend. Everybody was to be invited,

\Ve could afford to invite everybody, for

in them days you might tramp the woods

hereabout from mornin’ till noon before

you came to a clearin’ among the stumps

and a settler’s log house.



“There was two mills, three stores, a

hotel and some boardin’ houses at The

Bend, so that it was quite a village.



“After we’d concluded to have a picnic,

the next thing'was to get up some little

attraction to pass the time. For an or-

dinary picnic, jest visitin’ might do, but

for the Fourth we wanted somethin’ else

goin’ on. The older men, that is, the

married ones, for there wasn’t many old

men, put on us single fellers the pro-

vidin’ of the amusements. I suppose that

as they wasn’t particularly performin’ for

the benefit of the unclaimed female por-

tion of the settlement, they thought it

was up to us to get on a hustle, and I

guess we wasn’t sorry.



“We decided to have a bowery floor.

Dan Cross was to see to that. I was to

git the anvil and powder. Someone else

was to get firecrackers. Of course, we

didn’t neglect the refreshments. The

women would bring dinner, but this was





the Fourth of July, and we planned to

have lemonade, peanuts, candy and such

like. I don’t remember who was to get

which, except that Bob promised to see

about the candy.



“Well, as soon as everythin’ was set-

tled, Bob hurried away to see about

some shingle bolts he was makin’ or

somethin’ like that. Bob has always

been in a hurry to get away to see to

somethin’ that is goin’ to bring him a

dollar or two.



“Vile watched him hustle down the

road. Then, I don‘t know who thought

of it, but we hatched a trick to play on

him.



”It was two weeks to the Fourth. The

next Sunday each of us went visitin’ and

the followin’ Sunday likewise. I called

on Maria Cole, and the second Sunday,

along in the afternoon, Bob dropped In.

\Ve both stayed to tea, but Bob had to

go home to take care of his oxen and be

ready for haulin’ the next mornin’. I had

no such responsibilities.



“About ten o’clock on the mornin’ 0!

the Fourth, every one of us who was in

on the trick arrived at the picnic ground

with a girl. Usually we let the girls

come with their folks, for most of us had

no way of gettin’ around except walkin’;

then we’d choose the one we wanted and

begin beauin’ her around—that is, if she'd

let us. If not, we’d try another, sort of

‘Can’t get a blue bird a red bird will do’

style.



“\Ve shot off the anvil several times

and the youngsters were disposin’ of

firecrackers. Someone hauled a barrel

of cold water from the spring and the

women made a tub of lemonade. It was

lemonade, too, none of your fancy drink

of today. A little ice might have been

an improvement, but no one thought of

puttin’ up ice in them days and the proc-

ess of makin’ it hadn’t been invented.



“We ate peanuts with the girls, drank

lemonade and shot off the anvil a few

times more. Bob was rather late and

that spoiled our fun just a little. We

had planned on him seein' us come with

the girls. When he did arrive he walked

among us the same as usual, never no—

ticin’ anythin' until old Ben Briggs tuned

up his fiddle and each of us boys led a

girl on the floor. There was no girl

left for him.



"The next set he hustled, but it was





0 . WOW. WMOO”§”O





A SANE FOURTH—.BY LALIA MITCHELL.





4



4



4



4



4



W 1



“A nice sane Fourth," cries ’Lisbeth Ann, 4

“Mother says is the proper plan. 1

Buy some rockets, but just a few 4



4



4



4



4





Teeny crackers will





And a little harmless,





Giant crackers are under ban,

And so are cannons," said ’Lisbeth Ann“





4



4



4



4



“A nice sane Fourth,” cries 1

“Father says that’s the best, you know. 4

Then he bought me a candy cane 1

A pound of red-fire, a powder vane, 4

Three balloons and a box of caps. :

Best be careful, you little chaps! 4

Dangerous sports have got to go; 4

Life’s too precious," cries Reginald Joe. 1

4



4



4



4



4



4



4



4



4



4



4



4



4





A nice sane Fourth’s the proper kind,

Nobody deafened, nobody blind,

Maybe a cracker or a gun,

Maybe a bomb—a little one—-

Maybe a rocket, sent up high,

Maybe a pin-wheel, let to fly,





But never a cut or a





For a nice sane Fourth’s the proper kind.





WWWOWWM





have to do;

Six torpedoes, that's quite enough,





the same thing. Every one of the girls

was engaged. And the set after that,

and after that. Neither could he git a

chance to talk to them, for, of course, as

we had brought them they had to be our

company for the day. He tried hard to

git around Myra, but I was too much for

him.



“Things was better for him at dinner,

for we mixed together more free like.

And then you know when one is full of

good victuals, some way there isn‘t room

enough for quite as much meanness in

him as there is between mealtimes. I

even let him talk to Myra a while.”



“\Vhy, she is Mrs. Lewis now, isn't

she?” I inquired.



“Oh, yes," admitted Uncle Dave. “And

thank goodness, but this was three or

four years before they was married.



“After dinner we had a speech by Sen-

ator IVindup as a sort of peace offerin’

to the older people, and then the dancin’

began again and the fun commenced all

over.



“Bob stood it about an hour, but we

could see that he was growin’ madder

and madder. He always was shrewd.

I’ll give him credit for that. So far he

hadn’t produced the candy, and we were

gettin' tired of peanuts and lemonade.

I began to wonder if he was goin’ to try

to buy us off with his sugar plums, and

what sort of bargain he’d try to make.



“I guess the other boys were wonderin‘

too, but it was great to see him stand

back, for he did like to dance and the

girls liked him pretty well for he always

had a little money and was gettin’ along,

so he always had plenty of partners.



“About two o’clock, just as we had

finished the Cicilian Circle, he appeared

from behind a clump of brush luggin’ a

big, wooden candy pail. “'e waited a

minute to hear him call to us to come

and help ourselves, but he never even

looked at us.



“He stalked over to a sort of bluff on

the river bank, opened the pail and, in

plain sight of the whole crowd, began to

eat. At first he wasn’t particular, but

by and by he began to pick out only

such pieces as he liked and the others he

threw into the river.”



“ ‘Might at least give us girls some,’ ”

Myra pouted.



“‘He’s too ugly,’ I told her. It was

comical to see him gnawin’ that candy





powdery stuff;





Reginald Joe;





burn to bind—





 





all by himself. He'd not even give the

children any except what the little boys

wad d in to git from the fish.



“A ter he‘d et what he wanted be

emptied the pail into the river and stalk-

ed home without a look at anyone. we

missed the candy, but we all agreed it

was worth it."



“Why don’t you tell about the next

Fourth of July?” asked Aunt Eunice, who

had been listening.



“Oh, that had nothin’ to do with this,"

asserted Uncle Dave, a little impatiently.



”Didn’t it?” she queried. “I thought

it did.”





But Uncle Dave would not tell the story





of that other Fourth.



It was Friday evening and I was walk-

ing home from school. The distance is

about four miles. \Vhen I reached the

Lewis place, which is about half way, I

was ready to rest. Aunt Myra insisted

that I stay to supper, which was just

ready. Uncle Bob was in exactly the

right humor, so that from him I heard

the other story.



“Board at Dave \Vhite’s'.’” he inquired.





l

l





i





l





 





I answered in the ulhrmativc. '





“He’s as busy as ever, I suppose?"

I did not then know of Uncle Bob’s

opinion of l‘nclc Dave, so I tried to say





something about the Iatter’s occupation,‘





although it was an effort to remember

what the occupation might be.





"Nothin’ to hunt now, so I suppose he,

spends his time tellin’ ‘of the bears andl





deer he used to kill. It would puzzle me

to remember a single day's work that one

could give to his credit. He was great,

though, on hatchin’ schemes to play

tricks on others. 1



“Sometimes things didn’t work his

way,” he resumed after a moment with

a chuckle. “One Fourth he and a lot of

the other fellows planned to have a big

blow-out, a picnic at The Bend, with

candy, peanuts and lemonade in plenty

for the whole crowd. The year before we

had Senator \Vindup speak to us, but

this year they was goin’ one better.

Brass bands wan't known in these re—

gions at that time, but Squire Davis had

a melodeon, and Miss Frick, the teacher,

could play it.



“For two weeks before the Fourth the

boys and some of the girls met at Squire

liavis' pretty near every evenin’ and

practiced Columbia the Gem of the Ocean,

Star Spangled Banner and Yankee

Doodle. By the third, I guess they about

thought they could sing in any opery.



p “I hadn’t a thing to do with it. I

couldn’t sing and knew it. They couldn’t

sing and didn’t know it. Besides, Miss

Frick, bein’ school ma‘am, stood in with

the boys and they’d brayed like donkeys

to get her to look at ’em. All winter I’d

sort of stood in with her myself. You

see, I had a team and sleigh, so I could

take her home occasionally.”



i Here Uncle Bob looked slyly at me. “1

don't see why you go trampin' past here

Friday nights. No young men on that

side the river?”



I gravely assured him that there were

none.



“As I was sayin’,” he proceeded, “I

had a stand in with Miss Frick. School-

ma’ams always took to me,” the old

scamp actually winked at me.



“But you couldn't get one to marry

you,” taunted Aunt Myra.



“indn't want one for a wife. In those

days they wasn’t considered good house-

keepers. They wan't like the present

CI‘OD,” he added gallantly.



“\‘Vell, on the third they met for a last

screech, so that they’d be sure to make

no mistakes the next day. I watched

from near the gate. and I thought they'd

never leave. Even after they stopped

their yellin’ they hung around the door

for a pow-wow, but it wan’t much after





- r.





c — .e magentamxzrrvrr? «Tween-,3 awn-3,4.





xxmr :
10 ,(10).





tenvwhen the coast was clear and I put

in my appearance.



"It was a nice moonlight night and

there was a comfortable bench by the

side of the house. In them days I knew

how to make myself pleasant to the girls

and I soon proposed to Miss Frick, that,

instead of goin' to the picnic at The

Bend, we go to one up at Franklin

where her home was.



“At first, of course, she said she

couldn‘t. She had promised to play the

melodeon. Well, we looked at the moon

some more, talked a little more, and I

came back to the same question. I had

hired Dan Smith’s buckboard—the only

rig that looked like a relative to a buggy

in the whole settlement. In fact, there

wan‘t another one outside the city. Mike

Maguire had promised me his colt, which

could cover the ground pretty well. In

them days girls usually walked, rode

horseback, or in a lumber wagon, and I





THE..- MICHIGAN FARMER.‘





saw that the prospects was beginnin' to

melt her resolution. I gave the moon

another chance.



“By six o’clock next mornin’ we were

on our way to Franklin.



“Along in the afternoon Miss Frick’s

sister and her beau, .who had a horse and

rig of some sort, wanted to come to The

Bend picnic. Miss Frick, like most wom-

en, still occasionally found her conscience

and worried over that melodeon, so we

came back.



“I wish you could a seen the ugly

looks they gave us. There’d been no one

to play for them and they was too mad

to ask her to play now. I paid no atten-

tion to them. We got on the floor and

danced with the rest. I never had a bet-

ter time.”



On my way home I Smiled to myself

and tried to imagine Uncle Dave and

Uncle Bob playing “get even” like any

other boys.





 





ACROSS THE STREAM—sir HATTlE WASHliURN.





The train rushed quickly on again as

though eager to quit the little prairie

town which, to the weary traveler, might

appear as similar to many others on its

course as beads on a string are like one

another. Ellen Rockwood, left standing

on the narrow platform before the unpre-

tentious station in hopes of finding some—

one sent there to meet her, vainly looked

over a group of casually interested men

who had evidently come to the depot for

no other purpose than to watch that

highly entertaining advent of a railway

train which now and then deposited a

passenger or two on the cinder-covered

platform or carried them away. Although

this event took place twice daily, year in

and year out, the interest of a certain

group never seemed to lag. Some of their

number boarded the train themselves at

last and went to dwell in other parts; a

few went on that journey from whence

there is no return, and others found

more profitable if not more pleasing oc—

cupations, but new comers as quickly

filled their places and the motley group

seemed as lasting as the town itself.



Opposite the depot a row of low, scat-

tering buildings faced a narrow board

walk as though, in response to a great

inspiration, they had started to form a

street, but ,finding themselves confronted

by a railroad with its accompanying de-

pot and warehouses where there should

have been a sister row, they had stopped,

discouraged, and ever after stared across

with blank, weather-beaten faces at

those evidences of traffic. Another street,

regardless of the position of any other,

permanent or in prospect, boldly led di-

rectly away from the row of staring

buildings but, being supported only by a

church, a store and a dwelling on one

Side, and upon the other by a pretty

house that retired so far from the street

that it seemed to claim kinship to the

neighboring field rather than to the town,

the street demurely became a country

road ere it had attained the dignity of a

block.



It would seem that the inhabitants of

the town preferred to surmount or circle

obstacles rather than remove them, for

huge, firmly packed snow drifts, the work

of many blizzards, lay across the walks

and protruded into the highways. Over

and around them, winding here and there

as eccentrically as any rural pathway,

were tracks that had been made firmer

and dirtier day by day by countless foot-

steps. Now a bright March sun was

rapidly performing the tasks the people

had neglected during the lethargy of a

long, hard winter. Before its magic the

drifts were rapidly losing their form and

size, retaining only their dirt, and yield—

ing countless rivulets that trickled across

the walks, along the road, filled the

ditches to overflowing, stood in puddles

in every conceivable place and constant-

ly added to the general slushiness. Chil—

dren happily sailed mimic ships, propelled

rafts and made miniature canals as they

splashed about regardless of consequences

and reveled in shallow water despite its

chill and dirtiness.



.It seemed that everybody came out of

doors. Women cleaned the melting snow

and slop from their doorsteps and stood

there talking with near neighbors or to

the passersby. Smiling faces leaned from

windows long unopened and were bathed

in the genial sunlight. Everybody told

everybody else what a bright, beautiful

day it was and that spring had come at

last, as though the fact were not obvious

to all. A meadow lark, newly arrived,

piped gladly from a tree top and pro-





claimed throughout the length and

breadth of the town the advent of spring.





'Everybody heeded that sweet harbinger.





Even those who would have heedlessly

passed a rare and more gifted singer in

the flush of summer time, remarked on

the beauty of his song and earliness of

his coming.



Upon inquiring of a bystander for

Howard Ashley, or anyone who might

have been sent in his stead, Ellen Rock-

wood learned that he had been seen in

the town earlier in the day but had gone

farther on to attend an auction. Further

inquiry revealed the fact that the town

did not support a livery, but did she de-

sire to reach the Ashley home she could

doubtless ride out with a young man who

lived near the place and was then in

town. Even as her informant ceased

speaking the young man just mentioned,

George Williams by name. drove a team

and wagon past the depot to gain the

street that soon became a country road.



l'pon being hailed and formally pre-

sented to his would-be passenger, and

her wish being made known. the young

man greeted her so cordially and smiled

so broadly that not a particle of doubt

in regard to his acquiescence remained.



When Ellen first looked upon his face

she had hastily concluded that it was

much too broad, but when she saw the

smile beginning at the large mouth and

overspreading the entire countenance like

the ripples of a fountain that widen mer-

rily till they reach the brim, she decided

that an all-wise providence had given

him a breadth of face in keeping with

his sunny disposition and a natural

friendliness toward all fellow creatures.



()n through the pools and tiny rivu-

lets, the melting snow and soft mud,

they rode toward the Ashley place some

miles distant, Ellen's companion beguil-

ing the way meanwhile with a full ac—

count of his business in town that day

and its profitable result, his walk in life,

place of residence and his acquaintance

with the Ashleys. Seeming in his sim-

plicity to believe that the stranger would

not refrain from being as communicative

as himself were she given a little en-

couragement, and furthermore possessing

a lively curiosity in regard to the affairs

of anyone whom he chanced to meet or

even hear of, the young man plied her

with questions.



As Ellen had little to conceal on any

subject that her questioner might touch

upon, that young man learned, to his

intense gratification and entertainment,

that Miss liockwood was a girlhood

friend of Mrs. Ashley; that she was now

about to meet that friend for the first

time since the latter‘s marriage; that she

was fairly well acquainted with the bus-

band and had heard from Mrs. Ashley

so frequently during the years of her

married life that she felt as well ac-

quainted with the children and all the

affairs of that household as though she

had frequently visited there.



This information so moved George

\Villiams to wonder that for once he re-

frained from asking more questions, or

it may be that while turning the subject

over in his mind he forgot to probe fur-

ther into the matter. It also caused him

to become so deeply interested in the im-

pending meeting between the girlhood

friends that he would doubtless have

driven twice as far, had it been neces-

sary, to leave Miss Rockwood at her des—

tination, and felt well paid for the trou-

ble.



At length they came to the farmstead

where Mr. Williams worked, and just





beyond was the Ashley place. To reach





.thislit, was necessary to ford a turbulent





stream. Ellen’s companion informed her

that usually it was but a tiny rivulet or

a dry bed in the steep ravine. But now,

being fed by the rapidly melting snow,

it was a roaring torrent that seemed to

glory in its newly acquired strength, the

more because it would be of such short

duration. Wildly it rushed on its course,

swirling about each curve in the banks,

foaming over every obstacle its force

could not remove and carrying along bits

of broken ice and frozen snow as though

in its impatience it could not wait for

the sun to transform them into water

before they added to the power of the

stream.



' Though the water did not enter the

wagon box as they forded the stream,

Ellen breathed a sigh of great relief as

the team laboriously ascended the steep

bank on the other side. They rode into

the farmyard where a dilapidated house,

flanked by still more dilapidated out-

buildings, was surrounded by a scanty

grove of small, cultivated trees. Two

dogs bounced to meet the strangers, the

force and joyousness of their barks seem-

ing to proclaim‘ that visitors were infre-

quent and their vocal powers had long

been held in reserve. Startled by the

canine outburst, two children playing in

the yard made a rapid retreat to the

door, from which stronghold they peeped

shyly out at the new comers.



Called to the door by the commotion,

a thin, pale woman looked out in wonder

at the stylishly dressed girl who was

being assisted from the wagon. Ellen

turned and faced her old friend. Could

this worn matron whose face was mark-

ed with premature age. not by time alone

but by a hand far more relentless and

cruel in its tracing, be the blooming,

merry Pearl Ashley she had known but

a few brief years ago?



Suddenly joyful recognition overspread

the sad face and the women rushed into

one another’s arms. Then followed such

a confusion of greetings, questions and

explanations as only two women renew—

ing a girlhood intimacy after long sepa—

ration can indulge in. Their interested

listener gathered that Ellen’s letter tell-

ing of her intended visit had miscarried,

but if the meeting caused Mrs. Ashley

any feeling save joyful surprise; if in the

presence of this prosperous, self-reliant

friend there was an apprehension on her

part of the impoverished appearance of

herself and surroundings, or if Miss

Rockwood found things any different than

she had been led to expect, Mr. Williams

could not divine. Receiving their thanks

with his usually broad smile, he bidcd

his time to ask such questions as should

satisfy his lively curiosity, and left them.





All the children were duly introduced,

kissed and commented upon with that

frankness that grown—ups too often in—

dulge in before the perceptive little ones.

Lewis was a sturdy boy of five, handsome.

like his father, with that same careless

expression Ellen remembered so well.

Alice was a tiny child of three who

strongly resembled her mother, not so

much as she had been in girlhood but as

she was nowmwith that same expression

of unutterable sadness. It seemed as

though sorrow had put her mark upon

that baby face before the child had lived

to know a woe or care. Baby Rose laughed

and crowed in the visitor’s arms and ad—

ded generously to the hearty welcome.



Ellen loved children, and in her enjoy-

ment of her friend's trio she tried to

ignore the feeling of apprehension and

loneliness that depressed her while the

chores were being done and the evening

meal prepared. Mrs. Ashley seemed DOS-

sessed of a nervous dread that moved

her to look from the window, which com-

manded a view of the road, innumerable

times to no purpose. She fell into long

lapses of silence, and frequently her at-

tention wandered from her friend’s

cheery talk. Her nervousness seemed to

increase as the darkness gathered, and

after the meal had been eaten it mani—

fested itself in solicltude for Ellen's com-

fort and an earnestly expressed desire

that she would retire and rest from the

fatigue of her journey.



Though such early hours were unusual

to Ellen, she had yielded wonderingly to

her friend’s desire, when the barking of

the dogs proclaimed the arrival of her

host and she lingered to greet him. Dur-

ing the interval before Mr. Ashley en-

tered the house his wife's uneasiness in—

creased instead of ceasing as Ellen had

expected, and when he entered, to her

horror, the girl understood. Instinctively

she had risen and held forth her hand,

when she paused in consternation. Could





i





JULY 1, 1911.2

this disheveled man, with unsteady limbs

and bloodshot eyes, be the handsome,

carelessly Joviai Howard Ashley she had

known? No one could call him hand-

some now, for dissipation had robbed his

face of all former beauty, leaving only its

weakness and tracing there her unmis-

takable stigma. This had been the hand

that had transformed the lovely face of

her girlhood friend.



The man steadied himself against the

door while, with a surly frown, he looked

at the silent group, then slumped heavily

into the chair his wife timidly brought

him.



“Howard," she asked gently, “do you

recognize our guest?"



0, woman, who fondly covers the grave

of murdered hope with the fairest flowers

of love and memory, you would hide your

ghastly sorrow from all the world. Mrs.

Ashley could not have expected to arouse

her husband to even a feeble show of

manliness before her friend, but she

bravely made the attempt. As he paid

no heed to her question, save a surly

growl, she touched him gently on the

shoulder and repeated the query.



“No," he thundered with a terrible

oath, “but whoever she is, take her out

of my house, you white-faced cat, and

take the brats with you." _



He arose from his chair in a drunken

rage and struck at his wife. With the

skill of practice she dodged the blow and

he fell to the floor. Before the drunkard

could arise, the mother had snatched the

baby from the cradle and, with the other

children clinging to her skirts, had rushed

past her fallen lord to the open air. In

fear and trembling Ellen followed and,

taking Alice in her arms, tried to keep

pace with the fleeing woman who led the

little boy by the hand and pressed the

babe to her bosom.



The genial warmth of spring had sud-

denly been dispelled by a chill north

wind and clouds were racing across the

moonlit sky. Already stern winter was

attempting to reclaim his own and tiny

crystals of ice tinkled in the puddles

through which the women heedlessly

splashed. They were chilled and the

children cried from fright and cold, but

they dared not turn back to obtain

wraps. The mother had wrapped the

baby in its cradle quilt, and Ellen, gath-

ering up her heavy broadcloth skirt, put

it around the child in her arms. Thus

they pressed on toward the turbulent

stream. Seeing the gleam of the water

in the fitful moonlight, Ellen suddenly

remembered that barrier ahead.



“0, Pearl, the stream," she exclaimed,

“we can not cross it."



“\Ve must,” was the resolute reply;

“the nearest bridge .is more than a mile

away. I dare not keep the children out





in the cold while we go so far. I am sure '





it is not too deep for us and our neigh-

bor's house is just beyond,” she added

encouragingly.



At the margin there was a pause in

their flight, for they dare not let Lewis

enter the stream, fearing the water would

reach higher than his head, and neither

of the women could add his weight to the

burden she already bore. After many

assurances, entreaties and warnings they

left him alone on the bank while they

forded the icy stream. The water swirled

past, wrapping their garments about their

forms and retarding their progress. The

stream was but a few rods wide, yet it'

seemed to the struggling women as they

waded across it, waist high, that their

benumbed limbs could never carry them

safely to the other shore.



“Take the baby while I go back for my

poor little boy,” the mother cried, thrusts

ing it into Ellen's arms as soon as they

were safely across.



Ellen placed little Alice on the ground

to receive her new charge, while Mrs.

Ashley rushed into the water again de-

spite her friend’s protests and urgent re-

quest to let her go instead.





“Go up to the house with Alice and the

baby,” Mrs. Ashley entreated, but, spell~

bound, Ellen watched the efforts of her

friend as she struggled with the force of

the benumbing stream. A flood of moon.

light shot between the racing clouds,

glowed on the dark flowing water and

gave to each ice crystal the gleam of

diamonds. But Ellen, standing on the

bank with one child in her arms while

the other clung to her dripping skirts

that were stiffening in the freezing blast,

saw nothing of the weird beauty of the

scene but only the woman who was

straining every muscle to reach the child

who stood at the water’s edge with em

tended arms. '



Above the roar of the stream Elle!

heard the cry of ‘joy with which hi
.-





   





JULY 1. 1911.





sprang to his mother’s close embrace. To

him the greatest danger seemed over,

but to her it had just begun, for the

sturdy boy was a. heavy burden for the

frail woman, exhausted from undue effort

and exposure. A single misstep and both

might fall to rise no more.



Breathless with suspense, Ellen counted

each step gained as though it were her

own. She would have gone into the

water again herself to assist her friend

had she dared leave the little ones alone

beside the stream. After what seemed

an age, they were all together again and

traveling toward their place of refuge.



There they found Mrs. Meadows, Mrs.

Ashley’s neighbor, as full of ready wel-

come and fond solicitude for their com-

fort as though she had been notified of

their woeful coming an hour previously.

And though she asked innumerable ques-

tions as to how they got all the children

across the stream, how they felt, what

they most wished her to do for their

comfort, and added expressions of ear-

nest sympathy and concern, her tongue

keeping pace with her busy hands and

hurrying feet, not one word did she say

in regard to the cause of their flight.



Their host had retired and Ellen, learn-

‘ing that he had been with Mr. Ashley

during the day, divined the source of

Mrs. Meadows’ comprehensive sympathy.



It was George \Villiams who asked the

question with his usual child-like direct-

ness. Ellen was silent, for he addressed

Mrs. Ashley, who ignored the question

and bent over one of the children to hide

her shamed, stricken face. Despite the

subterfuge, Ellen knew that the man's

guileless question had stricken like a.

blow, and the wife’s silence told her

more plainly than words that the loyal

woman would never place the blame

where it was due.



The morning after her trying ordeal

Ellen Rockwood was aroused from sleep

by the creaking of her chamber door and

she opened her eyes to find her old

friend, Pearl, standing at her bedside.



“I came to say goodby,” she said; “Mr.

\Villiams is going to take me home. How—

ard may need me and I do not wish to

make Mrs. Meadows any more. trouble,"

she added weakly in reply to her friend's

look of consternation.



Ellen sat up in bed, suddenly wide

awake, with her wonted energy and force

returned. She put an arm about her

friendfdrew her down beside her and

was about to speak when Mrs. Ashley

nervously interrupted. “Mrs. Meadows

will be glad to keep you here and Mr.

\Villiams will take you to the station

when you wish to go. I will send your

grip back by him this morning," she said,

avoiding her friend’s direct gaze and

looking down at her restless hands in

her lap.



As Ellen watched this frail, worn wom-

an, so weak and yet so strong, she re-

called, as though it were yesterday, an—

other scene between herself and Pearl

years before. Then, backed by all the

force of her strong character and her

knowledge of his weakness, she had

pleaded long and vainly against the hand-

some, charming Howard Ashley. Now,

in the wisdom of her experience, she

knew that her pleadings against the fal—

len, ruined husband would be just as

vain, and she sadly kissed her girlhood

friend, uttering no word of protest and

only requestinglthat Pearl delay their

departure until she could dress and see

the children.



Before the gentle but unuttered SYm-

pathy of her friend, Mrs. Ashley broke

down for a moment and confessed sob-

bingly that she had no hope save in her





children. “I am going back for their

sake. He is their father," she ended

brokenly.





Ah, the irony of the words, “for their

sake,” that they might grow up in a

drunkard’s home and have the sweetest

span of life darkened and embittered by

the hardships of a. drunkard’s family.



After a last fond embrace Ellen Rock-

wood stood at the door and watched her

friend as she rode across the stream and

disappeared from sight beyond the hill

on the other side. A soft, spotless flurry

of snow had fallen during the night, re-

newing the aspect of winter. Beneath

the min white coverlet lay the mud of

early spring. The heavy wagon and team

which Mr. Williams drove blotted out the

snow in their track and brought the mud

into striking prominence.



To Ellen, the road. lying like a black

mark across the snowy landscape, seem-

ed emblematical of the dark life, reach-

ing into the dim vista of the future like

a black mark across the pure white page

of. womanhood, that Pearl would lead





with the unworthy husband for whose

sake she had gone back across the stream.





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





THE FOURTH OF JULY.





 





B! Z. I. DAVIE.





We love our country, great and free,



Its rivers flowing to the sea,



Its valleys and its verdant plains



Whence. come its boundless store of

grains,



Its iron, silver, gems and gold,



Together with its wealth untold.



Columbia, with outstretched hand



To strangers from a foreign land,



Invites them to a happy home



Beneath the four walls of its dome,



And bids them to our flag be true,



The red, the white, the starry blue.



It stands for what to us is dear,



Our freedom and our honest cheer.



In peaceful triumph may it wave



Above the free, the wise and brave.



We love the heroes of the past,



Whose memory the years outlast,



The fragrance of whose deeds outweigh



The lives that spent for self their day;



Who has not heard of Washington,



The splendid victories he won



For glory, and a nation's birth,



The grandest and the best on earth.



Ring out glad bells of liberty,



Ring in the golden jubilee.





TH E TACTFU L WAY.





 





BY ORIN E. C'BDOKER.



"He means well,” we say of someone,

who, out of the goodness of his heart,

has tried to do something or say some—

thing but has woefully bungled the mat-

ter in the process of doing it. “He means

well," we say, “but we Wish he’would

leave matters alone, for he is almost cer-

tain to make things worse before he gets

throug ."



Something more than “meaning well"

is required for the successful attainment

of things which we undertake. Tact is

a great and necessary accomplishment.

Some folks go at things in a sledge—ham-

mer fashion which proceeds to gain the

end in view without thought of anything





else. Are someone's feelings likely to be

hurt? Never mind: the thing must be

done! Will someone be offended beyond





all likelihood of reconciliation? Never

mind; the end in view must be gained!

The goal must be attained at any cost,

regardless of the price that is paid.



The tactful way, of course, is to con—

sider, first of all, the means to be used

and whether this means will bring offense

to any. A friend is always worth more

than a foe, for the same reason that the

good will of a dog is worth more than

its enmity. Some day this friendship or

good will may be needed.



The tactful way is also to follow the

line of least resistance. Resistance means

antagonism, and antagonism always re-

sults in hard feelings. One should not be

in too great a hurry to gain one’s end.

It is Wise to take twice as long to ac—

complish a matter if only in the doing of

it no one will be needlessly antagonized.



In matters of speech the tactful person

never forgets that “a soft answer turncth

away wrath.” Neither will he become

provoked and lose his temper, especially

when someone else has first lost his. "One

at a time” should be the invariable rule

if one must become angry even when he

knows better.



Last but not least, a tactful person

never commits the offense of needlessly

forcing his opinion on another when he

knows that it will not be received agree-

ably. There are so many things upon

which we must of necessity differ that it

is unwise to needlessly introduce further

cause of annoyance.



The motorist emerged from beneath the

car and struggled for breath. His help-

ful friend, holding the oil-can, beamed

upon him.



“l’ve just given the cylinder a thorough

oiling, Dick, old man," said the helpful

friend.



"Cylinder, said the motorist, heatedly,

“that wasn’t the cylinder; it was my

ear!" '





H





 





Mike and Pat worked for a wealthy

farmer. They planned to turn burglars

and steal the money which the farmer

had hid in one of the rooms of his house.

They waited until midnight, then started

to do the job.



In order to get the money they had to

pass the former‘s bedroom. Mike says:

"I’ll go first, and if it's all right you can

follow and do just the same as I."



Mike started to pass the room. Just as





he got opposite the door the floor

creaked. This awoke the farmer, who

called out: “Who’s there?"



Mike answered with a “meaow” (imi—





tating a cat). The farmer’s wife being

awake, too, said: “Oh, John, it’s the

cat," and all was quiet.



Now Pat started to pass the door and

as he got opposite it the floor creaked

again, louder than before. ”Who's

there?"





Pat answered: “Another cat.”





 





 





 





 





 





 





. [Odd/é wit/9 you.





Make the most of every outing by taking pictures of





the people andlplaces that you are interested in. It will add

to the Joy of a the party at the time and give the added

pleasure of pictures that you and your friends Will always

cherish.



And it is all simpler than you think. There’s no dark-room required by

the Kodak system of photogra by, and every step has been made so easy

that the mere beginner can rea ily grasp every essential.



. You can do every part of the work yourself or, if you prefer, may

Simply “ press the button ” and let some one else “ do the rest. ”



And picture making is not expensive now-a-days. Kodaks from five

dollars up and Brownie Cameras, (they work like Kodaks) at one to twelve

dollars, offer a wide variety from which to choose. The Kodak catalogue,

free at the dealers or by mail, tells all about them.





If it isn’t an Eastman, it isn’t a Kodak.





EASTMAN KODAK C0,, 389 State St, ROCHESTER, N. Y.





 





 





 





 





   

 

 





 





 





Rider Agents Wanted





in each town to ride an exhibit sample 191: bicy-





LIGHTNINE non

also PER FOOT





Best Quillty Copper—Extra Heavy Gable

Don’t do a thing about buying Light-

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Buy Direct—0n Trial—Freight Prepaid.



System guaranteed satisfactory or your

money back. Just write men. postal er-

Proposition and





 

 

 

 

 





\‘\ fille. Write/or xterm! afl‘zr,

~. 0 t Gusra to d '

,’ Iris." Mode?! 3 $10 to $27

i'\-'- vyiéla Coasteril‘l’raéesdapd Puncture-Proof tires.

. 9 It 19 o

. ' all of best make-f: $7 to $12

~ 12'? sfcongl - Gland Wheels

mac-an mo es,$3‘ $

0 8 p





' , 001! as new ................

. teat FACTORY CLEARING SALE

H We 3",” on A proval without a

.‘ J? an! dtpon‘t, fay t e fray/1t, and allow



ll. 7 8 FREE TRIA L.





TIRES, coaster brake rear wheels, lamps.





 

 

 





gm





'iill





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I! '. zonally for our





 





 





‘I‘ Catalog which makes every thing plain. ,’}sundrics, arts and 'r5 f: l1 1: f l '

J . A. SCOTT, President , "' lusty ufuryppn’qgr. aga‘NOT";ucmufilloyoiicéccltflogi

The JfieA- Sgtgtnfigglmy catalogues and offer. Write now.

Pt. J- 9 0 I MEAD CYCLE CO. Dept. T377. CHICAGO.





 





 





 





Only While PresentStock lasts}





ALUN'UNE

Mini ‘S‘ii‘f 9.,





A GENUINE





, GUARANTEED

GERMAN RAZOR





PRESTO “All-in-One” STROP





Both $1 I 2 Post-





 

 





 





 





F or Only paid.





THE RAZOR is Hollow Ground 5/8 inch blade, best.

razor steel; double shoulder, ebony handle, all ready for

use. “'0 import-ed them direct from Germany in large

quantity just before raise in tariff.





Dealers sell this “”9575"





SIDE





razor for $150 to $52.00. _ A-





- D.



THE PRESTO STROP is made of finest horse hide leather ing"???

chemically treated with “All—in-one” solution, which can:

not. peel, wear or scrape off, but makes it possible for any

man to strop a razor as well as a barber can. This strop





has alone sold for $1. Send your order at once to





 





 





The Michigan Farmer Detroit, Mich.
i

i

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I





 





 





 





 





 





 





‘Vman mafia N





At; Home 3.31151 (Elsewhere





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





3g?





‘3





 





HONEST WORK DISHONESTLY DONE.





OW many of the women who do

H their own washing realize how

lucky they are to be able to do



it? As you view your lines of snowy

linen next Monday, pause in your pride

at your accomplishment and give a pity-

ing thought to the woman who hasn't

the strength to do her washing, and who

must accept any sort of work the laun-

dress does, no matter how unsatisfactory.

Perhaps some of you have thought of

the woman who hires her washing done,

but have thought of her with envy as

being able to take life easy. So far as

muscular work is concerned she does

have things easy, but the wear and tear

on her nervous system from poorly done

work and the effort to conciliate the ty-

rants of the tub is after all, harder to

bear than all sorts of hard work, pro-

viding you have the physical strength to

do the work. One woman has had seven

washwomen in six months. The seventh

sent back the white underskirts last week





with the bottoms as dark colored as

when they went into the wash. Yet this

laundress prides herself on being “ex-





pert,” and the woman with the unwashed

skirts must keep on employing her as

she is the last one in town who takes in

washing.





I suppose the independent women who

read this will say, ”VVhy doesn’t she do

her own washing if she can’t get anyone

to suit her?” Simply because she is

physically unable to do it. She is one of

those women, of whom there are too

many, who are absolutely not strong

enough to do a washing without keeping

in bed for two days afterwards. There-

fore, she must put up with half—washed

clothes, clothes with the original dirt left

in and so much soap “unrinsed” out,

that the clothes turn brown when a hot

iron touches them. That is why I say

the woman who is strong enough to do

her own work, and who is glad to do it,

is the most fortunate woman in the

World.





I often wonder, however, just what is

the point of view of the women who do

poor work. Do they work in this slovenly

way because they do not know better?

Is it the only way they know? Or is it

because they do not care so long as they

get the money? Have they no pride in

their work? Is there no satisfaction to

them in seeing a basket full of clean,

sweet smelling clothes, washed and rinsed

and starched and dried so well that no

one can do it better? Have they no sense

of honesty? For certainly the person

who takes full pay for work half done is

the most dishonest rogue of them all.



II! it III



Some way or other I have imbibed the

belief that honest work is an act of wor-

ship to God. Certainly the same Bible

which tells us to “Pray without ceasing,”

tells us also, “VVhatsoever thy hand finds

to do, do it with thy might,” and, “\Vhat-

soever you do, do all to the glory of

God.” I have always felt that a day of

honest toil, and by that I mean toil hon-

estly done, was far more acceptable to

God than a day of prayer and psalm

singing from a man or a. woman who did

slipshod work.





There are a great many things which.





people without money can not do for

their children. IVe may not be able to

give them a college education or a 40-

acre farm, or even a common school ed—

ucation and a five-dollar gold piece. But

we can all give them what is of greater

value, a habit of doing each task so thor—

oughly that no one can do it better. Men

and women thus trained are never among

the unfortunates who are “out of work"

at the first breath of panic. They never

haunt the free employment bureaus, the

missions where a night’s lodging and

breakfast is given, nor are they among

the army of tramps that bother honest





people. For their services are always in

demand.

It seems like a small thing to wash





dishes well, to sweep and dust a room

clean, to make a bed without a Wrinkle,

to do each and every household task per-





fectly. But some way a large per cent

of workers find this too great a task for

them.





PATRIOTIC PARTIES FOR THE

FOURTH OF JULY.





BY PANSY VIOLA VINEB,





For mothers who do not believe in the

deadly firecracker, yet who wish to give

their own and their friends’ children a.

good time on the Fourth, and at the same

time instil into their minds lessons of

patriotism, nothing is better than a flag

or Liberty Bell party.



The invitations to a flag party can be

made by taking correspondence cards,

and painting or pasting on one side an

American flag, and on the other side

lettering the invitation; or any card can

be prettily decorated with tiny flags all

around the edge, with the invitation or

a verse pertaining to the flag lettered in

the center. A verse from The Star

Spangled Banner or from Holme’s poem

on Union and Liberty are especially ap-

propriate. One hostess bought a number

of crepe paper napkins with crossed flags

printed upon them; these she carefully

cut out and mounted on the top of ob~

long cards, lettering the invitation be-

low Another hostess slipped into small

envelopes tiny flags to which were at-





tached small cards bearing the invita-

tions.

if the party is to be held outdoors,





which should be done if at all possible,

decorate the lawn and porch gayly with

flags of all sizes. Red, white and blue

bunting or crepe paper can be used ef—

fectively. It should be draped about the

porch and caught up here and there with

shields or flags. Japanese lanterns are

nice for such occasions and should be

suspended here and there from the trees

on the lawn, and from the veranda. If

desired, the host can be dressed to rep-

resent Uncle Sam, in the conventional

blue coat, striped red and white trousers

and tall hat; while the hostess may rep-

resent Columbia, arrayed in a gown of

red, white and blue with a gold crown

upon her brow. Uncle Sam can present

each guest on arrival with a small flag.

Tiny flags with pins attached can be ob-

tained for a trifle, and are nice to pin on

the clothes.



Quite a number of interesting games

and contests may be engaged in, many

of which will prove instructive as well as

entertaining. Below are a few original

ones. Make a. large American flag out of

paper, leaving the blue field without any

stars. Cut out of white paper as many

stars as there are states in the union,

writing the name of a. state on each star.

Prepare as many questions on the states

as you have stars. When a guest an-

swers a question correctly he or she

should be given one of the stars. The

one that holds the most of the stars at

the end of the game is considered the

winner, and is given the privilege of ar-

ranging and pasting the stars on the blue

field, and becomes possessor of the flag.

The questions given below are merely

suggestive.



How many states are there

linion?



YVhich were the 13 original states?



Which was the first state admitted into

the Union?



How many of the states are named

after noted people?



In what state was the first settlement

made? ~



What state is called the

Presidents,” and why?



In what state was the Star Spangled

Banner written, and by whom?



What state is sometimes called the

“Keystone of the Arch of Liberty?”



Vi’hat state is called the Sunflower

state?



Which is the largest state in the Un-

ion?



In what state was the voice of Liberty

first raised?



The questions should be selected to suit

the ages of the guests invited.





in the





“Mother of





tain their names,





Another contest which is somewhat

similar is played by mounting in the cen-

ter of the stars the heads of generals

and other prominent men who took part

in the War of the Revolution. Let the

guests paste these on the blue field. then

put up the flag where all can see, and

let them guess who the different pictures

represent. The one that gets the most

names correct can be given a prize. An-

other contest that all will enjoy is the

making of “Betsy Ross” flags out of

crepe paper, mucilage and scissors as

well as the red, white and bluepaper be-

ing provided by the hostess. These flags

should be put up for display, and a vote

taken upon them to see which is consid-

ered the prettiest, and the owner of the

flag that gets the most votes can be re-

warded with a pretty silk flag.





Small flags car‘x be thidden here and

there about the lawn and veranda with

the‘name of the guests written upon each

flag—the name of the same child should

be written on three or four flags. Let

the children hunt for the flags that con-

each flag to be ex-

changed for a bon-bon. A flag drill is

always nice, and will give the children

exercise. The girls should be dressed in

white with red, white and blue sashes,

while the boys can wear red, white and

blue neckties, and caps; or the girls can

be dressed in the national colors, and the

boys as soldiers. Of course, each child

should carry a flag. Patriotic songs

should be sung, such as, The Star Span-

gled Banner, America, Columbia, the Gem

of the Ocean, The Battle Hymn of the

Republic, and others of a similar nature.



If flowers are used for table decora-

tions have then in red, white and blue.

Red and white flowers are very easily

obtained, but blue ones are more of a

problem. Blue cornflowers are obtain-

able at this season of the year, also the

blossoms of the forget-me-nots and

ageratum, and then there are blue pan-

sies. Red and white clover blossoms and

the blue ageratum make a nice combina-

tion, or red and white sweet peas with

blue cornllowers. A ball of flags make

a nice centerpiece, which can be suspend-

ed from a tree limb if the tables are un-

der the trees, or it can be placed in the

center of the table. To make this ball,

wire netting should be used, sticking the

small flag standards through the open-

ings. Stick them close enough together

so that the wire will be completely hid-

den. The edge of the white table cover

can be trimmed with tiny flags crossed.

If the party is given for boys at large toy

cannon decorated with flags, or a fort

with a flag floating from the top make

nice centerpieces. Serve the bon-bons

in small drum-shaped boxes. Toy sol-

diers make nice favors.



t t It



The refreshments can be chicken or

ham sandwiches tied with red, white and

blue ribbon, red and white radishes

served on blue platesp a tomato salad

decorated with sweet pea blossoms served

on blue plates, stuffed eggs, little sugar





cookies cut in star shape and iced in

red, white and blue, ice cream in flag

shape or star shape, or else served in





red, white and blue paper cases. Cherry

sherbet or grape sherbet can be used

instead of the ice cream if desired. Red

and white bon-bons may be served in

little blue boxes. Blue cannot be ob-

tained in fruit colorings so it is best to

carry out this color in something outside

of the eatables. Grape juice will make a.

violet color and can be substituted for

blue. Croquettes are nice with a flag

sticking in them or when made to simu-

late fire-crackers, a wire representing the

fuse.



If a Liberty Bell party is given the

laWn and veranda should be decorated

with paper bells in all sizes which can be

readily obtained from any store that

deals in paper novelties. The smaller

bells can be fastened to strings and these

festooned about the edge of the porch,

and from tree ot tree. Flags also should

be used in decoration. Contests and

games bringing in the bell in some man-

ner can be played, and time to all games

should be called by the ring of a bell.





I“ 7 ‘ ’USE A‘PORTABLE





 





 





x





JULY 1, 1911.





 





BOSS aungN





on your stove or range, either oil,

Catalina. mtylonoy alcohol or gas.





No more spoiled bakings or Won-y— No

more wasted best—No more jarring or

chilling of ovon. Housewives can see

their baking without 0 suing door. Econ-

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the BOSS—n polished blued stool oven

lined with tin and asbestos.





 





 





 





 





 





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GLASS in DOOR 1: fr

is uaranteed not to but om .

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Baking qualities and ventilation sunenorto any

other oven or ran c. All heat goes nxhtinto the

0 en bottom, sndfs perfectly distribute to sllparts

oPthe oven by means of our patented HeatDeflcc—

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windows. With the 5035 a baking costs In:

than a cent. It will many. tunes over fay ordub“

in saved baking: to say nothing of saved uel.



Ask YOUR Dealer to show youths BOSS

Glass Door Oven. INSI ST upon seems the name

"BOSS" stamped in the front of Oven. Then

you know that it is genuine and guaranteed.





Our bl noel Book hi

FREE: mnn T0301?! helpllnnnd hall dc:sncri "til:-

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Clever designs

worked out in. bean.

tiful‘éolor corn ina-

tions and p ain

, efl'ectsinbiackmhite

and all the rich and.

subdued tints, make

SerpentineCrépe the

. crevailing fashion

'. with women of fine

taste in dress. No

other cotton crepe

makes up into such fas-

cinating house gowns,

kimonos, dressing

wraps, wrappers, shirt-

waists, Spring and Sumo

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crinkle, nor such artistic

patterns in such a pro-



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colors. No ironing; sim-

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t out—greatly lightens



household cares!

The highest quality is





uaranteed by

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t r a. d e in a. r k

on every piece of





the genuine Serpentine

Crepe. If your dealer does not carry the genuine

trade marked Se ntine Crépe,_ write us for free

samples and list 0 dealers who Will supply you.





PACIFIC MILLS - BOSTON, MASS.





placed snywhore. st-

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Guaranteed effect-

’ ive. 0! III dollars or

‘ sent prepaid ior 20c.

HAROLD SOIERS

150 De Kalb Ave.

, Brooklyn, LY. ’





 





 

 

 

 





   

 





 

 





 

   





 





SINCE 1795 FAVORITE





-. ron INILAMED AND WEAK MPSONS

WAT E





   

     

 

 





(lives





   

 

 





almost instant relief

.md lb camiynpplgtd‘ For bathing

tlw a-yos it is Indispensable Booklet l'rrr“





   





 





25¢ SOLD EVERYWHERE.





JOHN L. THOMPSON. SONS & 00..

161-5 River Street Troy, N. Y.





   





 





Safeguard your home.

protection is the standard. Only system endorsed

by 2000 Insurance companies. Lowers insurance





The DODD SYSTEM of





rates. Agents wanted. Fine. large Li htnin Book

with. vivid lightning scenes. free. Address g





0000 8: STRUTHERS. 429 6th Ave., 088 Molnes. It.





ALWAYS mention the MICHIGAN I-‘AIMBI

when mm are writing to advertisers.
JUNE 24. 1911.





P RE§E '





 





 

 





some 3‘





,.‘-“ mmmuneo

' 0M") BATH





Jas.S.Kirk&Com ~ ‘ '





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Don’t Use Laundry

Soap on Your Face





JAP ROSE.





"7713 Bubble Bath Soap”

is u called for cleansing your

skin cause it is the original,

tronsparent Toilet and Bath

Soap and is absolutely pure. Be?

cause it is made of vegetable oils, it

cleanses instantly, thoroughly and

refreshingly. For genuine pleasure

and satisfaction insist on getting





JAP} ROSE

Sold by dealers everywhere

REFUSE [MITATIONS





Look for the Jsp Girl on every package.

A Large Cake for 10¢





 





 





 





Established 1m 34

*





Get the roofing that lasts, for

every building on the farm—





Genasco





the Trinidad-Lake-Asphalt Roofing

And‘get the Kant-leak Kleet—the ap-

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scriptive Genasco book and samples.

12s hem-pm: Pam“: c.........,





.produpers of asphalt. 'a'nd largest





 





 





34‘. “T , ~ . _' r‘ers of ready roofing in‘the world.

_,‘;,,“.’. .. " .. Philadelphia“

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Nat ureiorm Extenswn S hoe

LAME PEOPLE

have long wanted. '3 better Extension

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both feet look alike. Fits with perfect

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and the Natal-storm is the snccess-

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Distance nobsrrier. Write for my ¢.,

Booklet today. E. A. SINN, -\ (-

.748 Bergen St,Newnrk.N.J. “





   





 

 

   

   

   

 

 

 





 

 





 





 





""gTHE INDIANA AND OHIO





Live Stock Insurance Co.





ORGANIZED IN 1896.

‘Paid-up Capital $200,000.00.





Insures horses mules and cattle against death from

any cause. Special 30-day fouling pollcies issued.





Write today for lull‘inlormation.

Home oliice, 130 Main St, Crawlordsville, Ind.

—Solid Gold Signet Ring with





FflE any two initials engraved on

same Given Away for selling 24 Park-

ages Rare Post Cards at 10c. E7. Plan

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and wear a Good Ring. Write Now.





 





 





Address Signet Dept, Schlueler & Schlueter. Newark, N. J.

. BEAI'TIFIWA HIGH GRADE

20 C 0 ho ill-ll) POST CARDS ASSORTMENT ‘ oc

REAI'TIFI‘L COLORED FLOWER POST CARDS loo

'2 your name or town greetings in gold on each.

UNITED STATES ART, 150 Inns-u 50., New York.





I

M Ms Slarl You In Business I.

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YOUNG MEN WANTED to LEARN

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COLLEGE, Dep. 11 Grand Rapids. Mich_





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WANTED~TRAVELING SALESMAN for Implo-

ment line, familiar with State of Michi h:-

u: ~





 





SECURED 0R FEE RETURNED





Address Box 82. Michigan Farmer. Detroit.

Free Patent Book, Selling Guide and

List oleuycrs and Manufacturers of





P A T E N T Inventions. Advice Free. Send sketch.





FARNHAM In SUBS. Attym. 5'40 F. St..w-shlngton.D.0.





NTING—For Poultry men, Live Stock Breed

PR1 ers and General Work. Write for

terms. 0. N. MENDELS & SON., Gd. Rapids, Mich.



to mention the Michi-





Dou’t Fail gan Farmer when you





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





The centerpiece can be three flags ar-

ranged in tripod fashion with a paper

bell hanging from the center. The place

cards can be bell-shaped, painted in gold,

and the favors can be tiny sleigh bells

gilded and tied with red. white and blue

ribbon. The bon-bons can be served in

bell-shaped receptacles made out of crepe

paper. Liberty Bells made in the follow-

ing manner are also nice served on such

an occasion: Select bell-shaped peppers

and stuff them with a mixture of chopped

veal, bread crumbs and mushrooms, all

well seasoned. After stuffing the peppers

stand them up in a baking pan, pour

melted butter over them and dredge with

flour. Bake in oven, basting frequently

with hot water and butter.





RECIPES.





 





 





M. N. C.~A good recipe for molasses

cookies follows:

Molasses Cookies.

Two eggs, one cup molasses, one-half

cup sugar (brown or white), one cup of

lard or butter, two teaspoonsful soda

dissolved in one-fourth cup of water, one

teaspoonful ginger, flour enough to mix

soft.

Sliced Cucumbers for Winter Use.

Pure and slice as for the table. Have

vinegar boiling. drop the sliced cucum-

bers in and heat through. Add salt and

pepper and can same as fruit—Mrs. 1.).

S., Breckenridge. ‘

’ Three Good Helps.

Having read your farm paper for some

time and finding it very useful to me in

suggestions on cooking and numerous

other things. will contribute some of my

favorite recipes.

Canned String Beans.

To every four quarts of sliccd string

beans add three pints of boiling water.

Let cook 20 minutes, then add half tea-





cup salt and boil five minutes. Put in

cans and seal. When opcncd for use pour

off water and put on cold water to fresh-





en to suit taste.



Molasses Cans.——In rcgnrd to Mrs. M.

R.’s using the molasses cans, I should

not advise them. I have always used

fruit cans 21.-.. fini. they keep very nicely

in them.



Salad Dressing.



One cup eggs (yolks better), one cup

vinegar, one cup sugar, two teaspoons

mustard, half teaspoon salt. Cook until

creamy. Thin with cream. Very nice

for any salad and will keep indefinitely

if put in a cool place—Mrs. F. S. L.





 





“A CUP OF COLD WATER."





 





Once more the hot days of summer are

upon us, and those of the cities who can

are going away to the country or lake-

side resorts for rest and relief from the

stifling heat. But there yet remains that

large class for whom there is no relief

from heat and suffering unless it comes

through the kindheartedness of some one

who has enough and to spare.



For this class, the Michigan Fresh Air

Society is planning Outings, planning

them through the aid of city people who

furnish money for railroad fare and

proper clothing for the children, and the

country folk who do the hardest part,

open their doors to boys and girls whom

they have never seen and they

must take on trust.



The society in Detroit has for years

been sending poor children to the coun-

try for short outings and this year secs

it again making ready for the work. All

boys and girls who ask for the trips are

thoroughly investigated to make sure

that they are really objects of charity so

that the farmers who take them may

know that they are not being imposed

upon. The children are “tagged” and

sent on car or train in charge of the

conductor, their fare paid and suitable

clothing furnished. The family taking

them is only asked to furnish board for

a couple of weeks and to notify the so-

ciety a week in advance of the time

when the child is to be returned so that

they may be met at the car or train. Ev-

eryone asking for a child must furnish a

reference to the society.



If you are in the mood to engage in the

best sort of charity, that of helping a

little child, write the Michigan Fresh Air

Society and tell them so. In your letter

state whether you prefer a boy or a girl

and also if you have any children of your

own. If you have, especial ‘pains is taken

to send you children of no known bad

habits. In writing please state that you

read of the work in the Michigan Farm-

er. The names of Farmer readers who

take children will be obtained from the

society and printed in this department.





w h o m





 





are writiag to advertisers.





(13)





13

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TI 1 .

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A $50 MACHINE 3231‘; $19|





New Model with Ball Bearing Head and Stand:-

Automatic Tension Release-«Automatic: Lift

Drop Heads-High Arab-Oak or Walnut Table.





., ’i. :1 We Pay the Freight

, i9. .11 35?...90 Days’ Trial





1'.

Our new model, im-

proved Mich. Farmer sew-





ing machine has cam

thread take up, giving

better control of the





thread and making a. bet-

ter stitch than any other

arrangement. Running it

backwards wl«ll not break

the thread. It has high-

est arm, disc tension. au—

tomatic bobbin winder

with loose band wheel,

high lift for heavy work.





All





 

   





HUBER"

IMPROVE ) Guaranteed for -

MENTS'. Ball-Bearing 20 YEARS.

Steel Pitmsn and money refunded if not satis-

factory aftcr 90 days' trial. Com-

pledtemattachments, accessories

an ustruted book free. We

COMPLETE guatrarlitce this machine to be

rs -c ass in every particular,

lll EVERY handlsome in appearance and

IESPECI. equa to any machine made.





Same machine without the au-





 





 





 





 





tomatlc Lift for only $18.





(330E!~ ”machines as low as $12.





For 37 extra will send the :19 machine with automatic lift in a. hand-

some cabinet frame.



We prepay freight to any freight station cast of the Mississippi River, or

south to Tennesse. You cannot afford to buy a machine until you have

sent for our handsome illustrated free catalog, printed in colors.





THE MICHIGAN FARMER, Detroit, Mlch.





 





 





 





 





all or part of their time we pay a liberal salary and expenses.

who can give only part of their time to us. “/63 have thefmost attractive



commission and rebate proposition ever offered. Teachers and students ,

can earn a large salary during vacations.

structive.





 





Do not send requests to The Farmer,





Do You Want Work?





\Ve have absolutely the best proposition to offer those who can give





. The work is pleasant and in-

erte at once for full particulars, addressing





BOX F, care:MICHIGAN FARMER, Detroit, Mich.





a





Cs





For those '





/. if!

/%
14 (14)





_ however, but address all letters to The

Michigan Fresh Air Society, 406 Wash-

ington Arcade, Detroit, Mich.





TEE LETTER BOX.





 





Painting and Varnishlng.



Dear Readers of Michigan Farmer:—

Now that we all wish a few changes in

our rooms, perhaps I might help someone

a little with a few ideas, just as I have

been helped in the same way through the

household department of The Farmer.



I am very fond of dabbling in paint,

varnish, and wood stains. Therefore,

here is where I shall shine.



\Vhen we came to live in Michigan

about six years ago, we found that all

our sleeping-roms, and some of the liv-

ing—rooms, were not made with an eye

to even breadths of carpet, but varied

from two to four feet therefrom.



Well, as the men had all they could do

out of doors, with their farm work, I

saw that I was the exact person to solve

the floor problem, and also to do the

work, if it was done. Therefore, for the

sleeping-rooms I bought some pretty,

closely-woven matting and found that

by putting two breadths in center of

room, there would be a space all round

of 11/2 feet. On this space I painted a

ground color of yellow, two coats. ‘Vhen

dry, I laid on a light coat of graining in

"light oak,” then took one coarse grain—

ing comb, and one fine one, and one rub-

ber roll that comes with the graining

outfit, and found that the work of grain-

ing was a very simple and easy act. Af-

ter the graining coat had dried (which

was just a few hoursi. 1 covered it with

a coat of coach varnish, which holds its

luster better, and makes a harder sur-

face than other varnishes. .»\fter the

varnish dried I tacked down the matting

in center of rooms, and have always felt

satisfied with my neat floors, that are so

easy to keep clean. Even at house—clean-

ing time, the grained border needs only

Wiping with a soft, dry cloth. The par-

lor floors also have grained borders with

rug in center, and the dining-room has

its grained border of two feet in depth,

and a large Square of good linoleum

tacked in center, with zinc binding

around it.



One 25 cent box of graining color will

finish a half dozen floors. If further ex-

planation regarding application of grain-

ing color is wished, I will be pleased to

give it to those who wish it.—-Mrs. P. D.



From the Hired Man’s Point of View.



The man who takes work on a farm is

either in need of a home or experience.

Factory work or work in the trades, with

its shorter hours and a chance to choose

one’s boarding place and companions is

quite as remunerative and pleasant to

the average man.



Most farmers’ wives if asked to take a

boarder will say they can not wait on a

boarder, haven’t a suitable room or oth—

er equipment, but the same women will

take a hired man and count his board,

though paid in work, as just as much of

a. trouble as a cash boarder. She often

gives him irregular meals, a poor room,

no chance to bathe, and in many ways

he is treated as an inferior or an in—

truder. I do not say this is the rule, but

'we have all heard hired men complain of

poor food, scanty, few clothes, 21 lonesome

seat in the kitchen and a general air of

discomfort that doesn‘t invite him to stay

his time out.



A man often finds his employer easy to

work for, while his wife and daughters

are domineering and positively rude.

There are men who are hard on their

help, but if a homelike atmosphere pre—

vails indoors and the man’s wife is

thoughtful of the hired man’s interests,

he can overlook a good deal. I have

known of men telling each other of poor

table service, of extra. chores, of having

to drive the women folks to evening

meetings and such things that make a

place objectionable. A man who wishes

to keep help should make up his mind

to two things——to pay well and to treat

well. To establish a reputation for these,

is to secure the best help and that, as in

everything else, is the cheapest in the

end.



Farmers’ sons do not have to work out,

their experience makes them to rent and

start in for themselves, so the help the

present farmer has to depend on is gen-

erally the young town fellow who wants

a home, or is looking for something bet-

ter, or wishes to learn.



Let the farmer ask himself if he is

giving his help an equivalent for what he

is asking. Let him try to see it from

the man’s standpoint. What are his

hours? How much time does he have

from Saturday noon till Monday, 7 a. .m.?





A hired man sometimes needs a band-’

age for a cut finger or perhaps a little.

medicine. These should be given freely,

though they may not be “in the bargain.”

He may want to invite a. friend to a

meal; this is not permitted generally,

but if done, it will come back in his

working overtime or in some way. If

one can not do his washing and mending

promptly and properly let it be sent out





to someone else who is glad of the pay.l





Provide the hired man’s room with

some threaded needles, a large thimble,

an assortment of buttons and a suppliy

of writing material. If he is out in the

evening leave him a lunch to eat on his

return.



I know a hired man who was obliged

to go six or eight miles after night’s

chores were done for a bath and on his

return found a lunch left for him. It

was the only pleasant feature of his Win-

ter’s work, the winter's work consisting

almost entirely of milking and loading

and hauling manure from a large dairy

barn, and cutting wood.



Most men do not like to be “bossed” by

women and, alas! most women like to

boss. Sometimes the woman who is very

meek towards her husband will “lay it

in" to the help. The sons, from 10 years

up, often like to dictate. The girls do,

too. I have known men to tell of family

disagreements extending to the hired

man’s work, which is most unpleasant

for the man. While a farmer is telling

of his man’s faults, the man may be tell-

ing the neighbors about the whole fam-

ily's faults!



There may be some thoughts here, for

those who find their men leave at fre-

quent intervals. Women treating their

servant girls as inferiors have driven

them from the kitchen to other ways of

earning their living, among people of

similar standing, and the hired man is

fast following, to work where he is “as

gmul as the next one,” and can sit down

to the table three times a day with com-

rades and chums and congenial people

who “are equals” in feelings.



A man snould tell his plans and rea-

sons to his help and not ask blind, un-

knowing service. A worker takes more

interest if he is told about the work. He

may count the knowledge of his employ-

er’s methods as part of his pay and be

better satisfied and give more in return

if he gains much of it. Some men are

naturally “close-mouthed” but it doesn‘t

pay to be. so towards a hired man.





 





MICHIGAN FARMER PATTERNS.



These patterns may be obtained from

the Michigan Farmer office at the price

named. Be sure to give pattern number

and size.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





   





 





- B400



No. 5082—Ladies’ Shirt Waist. Cut in

sizes 32 to 42 inches bust measure. Size

36 requires 2% yards of 36-inch mate-

rial; 1/2 yard of 27-inch contrasting goods.

Price, 10 cents. .



No. 4346—Ladles’ Dressing Sacque. Cut

in sizes 32 to 44 inches, bust measure.

For size 36 bust it requires, with flowing

sleeve, 31/3 yards, 27 inches wide. Price,

10 cents.



No. 5273—Ladies Fourteen-Gored Skirt.

Cut in sizes 22 to 32 inches bust measure.

Size. 24 measures three yards around the

lower edge and needs 3% yards 44 inches

wide. Price, 10 cents.



No. MOO—Children’s Dress with Body

and Sleeves In One. Cut in sizes 6, 8

and 10 years. Age 8 requires two yards

of 36—inch material. Price, 10 cents.



No. 5063—Girls’ Dress. Cut in sizes, 4

to 12 years. Age eight requires 3% yards

of 36-inch material. Price, 10 cents.





x.”‘—““\'





&





,_____\





All materials are of the finest quality

—clean, nutritious.





JULY 1, 1911.





It is an incentive to hunger

to see Uneeda Biscuit made.





The dough is 3





mixed in spotless trays in a spotless





bakery.





Rolled thin; baked in wonderful





ovens scientifically, heated to give just

the right crispness; then packed into

the moisture-proof packages that



keep them fresh, crisp and



clean till eaten.





Never sold





 





 





 





 





“liiillii” mum. TIES $1.00 52:5:





 





 





IRIS OFFER IS

SPECIAL



TO INTROOUOE

OASSEL



ORAVATS AND



OTHER OASSEL



MEN’S WEAR

TO YOU





 





 





COLORS I Dark Green, Purple. Dark Blue. Garnet. Scarlet, Light Blue,

" ’ Dark Brown, Golden Brown, Bright Gray, Black or White.





You can get the newest styles and shades in neckwear from us and be

sure of getting lower prices than from your local dealer. The reason:

We buy the fabric direct and make the ties we sell—handmade—ever‘y

tie—and we guarantee them as represented—fast colors, washable and

the best value you ever saw, or back goes your money. We want; your

permanent neckwear tirade—that assures you of unusual value in these

tics, because if we. please you this time, you'll send us future orders

and send your friends to us. One (Tassel Cravat free with first order.



Order to-day—scnd $1.00 and collar size—and ask for any four different

colors mentioned above—you’ll get the ties by return mail. Want silk

samples‘2—Ask for them on a. postal: Address me personally. If you

want free silk samples and our catalogue describing the Cassel Hat—the

Cassel Collars, (‘assel Cravats and the Cassel Comfort Combination Suit—

with 10 free samples of silk and flannel, write to-day—but send your

order now for these four ties—return them if you don’t feel they’re

worth double—and get your money—only order now.





I. ll. CASS“. President, Thu I. I. hurl 60., Int. 1018. 395 Broadway, New York.





 





 





 





 





 





Weekly Bargain No. 2





For One Week Only, from July 1 to July 8, inclusive.





Ladies’ Leather Pocketbook,





Made of fancy pressed seal grained leather with





leather lining.





Four Rand a quarter inch frame,





coin pocket, two extra pockets and card case pocket'





Size 4% X 3% inches.

Regular price is 50 cents,'our special

bargain price, postpaid, - -





or you can have your Michigan Farmer extended





one year and this pocket book for only $1.00.

Send your order to





THE MICHIGAN FARMER, Detroit, Mich.





,





l



1

35°

_ l



i
JULY 1. 1911.





(Continued from page 8).





to the supreme court and probably will,

since the most powerful moneyed inter-

ests of the country stand back of the

claims and will fight out every advantage

before they will release their hold upon

the valuable property.



Justice \K’right, of the federal district

court, has again opened the famous Bucks

stove case by issuing an order requiring

the officers of the American Federation

of Labor, Gompers, Mitchell and Morrison

to show cause why they should not be

adjudged in contempt of court. But a

short time ago the supreme court decided

upon technicality that there was no case

against the honored ”defendants. The

present action is based upon the findings

of a commission appointed by the dis—

trict court, but which, according to the

plea of the labor leaders, consists of the

attorneys of the opposing parties.-



The repression of the report of the city

vice commission of Chicago which in-

criminated persons of considerable prom-

inence in the official, social, and business

affairs of the western metropolis, has

caused considerable stir there and which

has been greatly agitated by the an—

nouncement that one of the city publica-

tions has secured and will publish the

entire report. The city paid $10,000 for

gathering the data concerning the con-

ditions of vice in the city, upon which the

report is based.



The engineers who are directing the

raising of the old battleship Maine from

the Havana harbor state that it will be

impossible to determine whether the ship

was bloWn up from the outside or inside

as the deterioration and destruction from

the terrific explosion are so great as to

make definite information possible. It is

certain, however, that there was an ex—

plosion on the inside but this, it is

thought, was the direct result of an ex-

ternal one. Pumping the water away

from the hull is progressing slowly.



The long and short haul rule which pre—

vented the reduction of rates where a

road with a long haul tried to meet the

rates of a competing road having a short

haul, has been waived by the interstate

commerce commission, much to the pleas-

ure of the railroads.



Grand Rapids, following the example

of Detroit, has had enacted into ordinance

a resolution that milk must be cooled to

60 degrees before it will be allowed to

enter the trade of that city. The health

officers are directed to confiscate all milk

not meeting the requirements of the ordi-

nance.



The motion to amend the Canadian

reciprocity agreement so that wood pulp,

paper and board, will be admitted from

Canada into the United States only after

it is satisfactorily determined by the

President and he has issued a proclama—

tion to the effect that these products are

admitted into Canada from the United

States free of duty, was defeated in the

United States senate Monday.



The .. erstate ,commerce commission

has 11%;";in down”a‘n opinion to the effect

that where the intermediate rates be-

tween tWO points aggregate less than the

through rate that then the carrier may

change the through rate to correSpond

with the sum of the intermediate rates.



, , Foreign.



Advices have been received stating that

the conditions in Albania are most criti-

cal, 25,000 women and children are starv—

ing. Turkish troops are devastating the

country.



The republicans and socialists of Spain

passed resolutions.condemning the mili-

tary actions of that county in Morocco.



The recent elections in Austria failed

to support the government and the pre-

mier, Baron von Bierneth, has resigned.

Baron Gautch von Frankenthurn has

been appointed to succeed the retiring

premier;



President Simon, of Hayti, has sailed

with troops to the northern part of the

island to suppress disturbance and bring

about order among the inhabitants of

that section.



It is stated that the many months of

suffering in China caused by the failure

of crops last year is about at an end,

since the harvests of 1911 are now at

hand and the yields will be sufficient to

take care of the suffering people.





CROP AND MARKET NOTES.



Livingston 00., June 17.——The weather

for the past two weeks has been more

favorable for growing crops and everY-

thing is growing nicely. Corn was set

back somewhat by cutworms but is now

making a very rapid growth. Beans are

nearly all planted, also ‘Yate potatoes.

Fruit promises wcll. Hay will be the

lightest crop in years, owing to the dry

weather which was broken on the even—

ing of June 4, by one of the worst storms

in years, the wind and hail doin much

damage, especially the former, WilCh de-

stroyed many buildings throughout the

county. New seeding suffered badly dur-

ing the drouth, though it seems to be





-three light. showers since May 26.





THE MICHIGAN .FARMER.





Astounding Profits Made by





starting up since the rains. Insects are

getting In their work in the wheat fields.

Beans are again beginning to move to

market at $1.75 for hand-picked.

Lapeer 00., June 17.—Cool nights pre-

vail. The cultivation of corn and pota-

toes that was held in check by the rainy

period, has lately demanded immediate

attention, and there will be lots of hand

weeding needed. Beans and potatoes,

with a very few exceptions, are all plant-

ed. Haying comes this season at an

earlier date than last. Old meadows in

some fields will show up the heaviest

yields. “rages still hold firm at the high

price demanded for the past three years.

Help scarce and hard to get. Spring pigs

about $1 cheaper than last year; not

many spring calves to be found.

Northern Isabella and Southern Clare

Co.'s.,.June 23.—Quite dry after one of

the wettest springs in years. Everything

growing but the ground is terribly hard,

caused by downpour of rains. Winter

wheat looks good. Hay will be an av-

erage crop. Old meadws are light. Peas

look fine. Small acreage of corn planted.

Beans mostly planted and a fine stand.

Sugar beets looking fine. Old potatoes in

good demand. Old hay selling at $10 per





ton; oats, 35c; corn, 30c; beans, $1.90;

wheat, 80c; wool, 18@23c.

Indiana.





Clinton Co., June 26.——The drought and

extreme heat has out everything short

with the exception of wheat, which turn-

ed out very much better than we ex—

pected. The quality will be very good

with an average yield. At this date most

all wheat is in the shock. If weather

continues dry, the threshing machines

will soon be heard again, as most wheat

here is threshed out of the field. Oats

have suffered most of all grains, and the

crop is now past all hope of a fair yield,

and will soon be cut with the binder.

Some will he mowed, and still others have

turned their stock in the crop for pas-

ture. Corn crop is very uneven, on ac-

count of the drought. “'e have only had

There

has not been moisture enough on our

late plantings to bring it on, but it is

hoped that last night’s shower will give

it a better tone. The pastures are very

much dried up, for this time of year.

Hay will be a light crop. Early potatoes

and gardens have suffered as much as all

other crops. Old potatoes are selling at

retail for $1.75 a bushel and no new po-

tatoes in sight. Berries were cut short,

but cherries are plentiful and cheap. But—

ter, 180; eggs, 10c.



CATALOG NOTICES.



The Premium List of the Michigan State

Fair, to be held at Detroit, Sept. 18 to 27,

inclusive, which is now available, contains

a more liberal offering of premiums for





all lines of exhibits than any list hereto-

fore prepared by the State Agricultural

Society.





The Premium List of the West Michi-

gan State Fair, to be held at Grand Rap-

ids, Sept. 11 to 15, inclusive, offers liberal

premiums for exhibits in all classes at

that show, which will be the first of the

big Michigan fairs this year.



“The Farmers’ Handbook of Explo-

sives," published by the E. I. DuPont de

Nemours Powder Co., of Wilmington, Del~

aware, fully illustrates and describes the

economic use of explosives for the clear-

ing of stump land and the draining of

refractory soils by the breaking up of the

impervious hardpan which holds the wat-

er. This, with other valuable information

which it contains, makes this a. most in-

structive pamphlet. ’



The Northeastern Michigan Develop-

ment Bureau, of Bay City, Mich., has just

published an interesting booklet descrip-

tive of the counties covered by the or-

ganization, in which attention is called

to the advantages of this section of the

state which is fittingly referred to as “A

Land of Undeveloped Possibilities."



“Lightning, its Laws and the Sure Way

to Protect Life and Property,” is the title

of a handsomely illustrated 32-page

pamphlet published by Dodd & Struth-

ers, Des Moines, Iowa. It would be profit-

able as well as interesting reading for

every member of the Michigan Farmer

family.





AGRICULTURAL INSTITUTE FOR

TEACHERS.



The department of agriculture of the

Central State Normal, at Mt. Pleasant,

Mich., has arranged for a special course

of one week in agriculture and rural top-

ics, from July 3 to 8, inclusive. The

course will consist of lectures by special-

ists from the Michigan Agricultural Col-

elge, the Department of Agriculture at

Washington, the Department of Public

instruction, members of the local faculty

and others. and is designed for commis-

sioners and teachers who desire to in-

crease their knowledge of the agricul-

tural phase of education and the modern

spirit of rural life.





TABLE SHOWING INDICATED YIELD OF U. S. WHEAT CROP OF 1911.





A creage, 1911.





Condition, June 1,





Crop, P. C. of III-Yr. May 1,

1910. Acres. 1911. 1910. Average. 1911.

Spring wheat ..104.9 20,757,000 94.6 92.8 93.6 . _ ,,

\Vinter wheat. 106.6 31,367,000. 80.4 80-0 31-6 86.1

Oats ........... 99.9 35,250,000 85.7 91.0 88.4 . . ..

Harley ........ 97.0 7,038,000 90.2 89.6 90.9 . . . .

Rye ......................... 88.6 90.6 90.2 90.0

Hay, ........................ 76.8 86.1 .. .. 84.7

Pastures ...- ......... 81.8 88.5 90.7 81.3

Yield Per Acre. Indicated total production 1911.

1911. 1906 compared with total production in

Crop. Indicated by 1910. 1910. 1910. 1906-10

condition. Final. Aver. Per cent. Per cent.

Winter wheat ...15.3 15.8 15.5 Average.

Spring wheat ...13.7 11.7 13.5 103.4 106.6

All wheat . . . . . . .14.7 14.1 14.7 122.9 116.5

Oats ............ 27.7 31.9 28.4 109.9 110.2

Barley ........... 24.9 22.4 ' 24.8 86.7 104.8

Rye .............. 16.1 16.3 16.4 108.0 105.3





 





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ays $10 a day profit on

a few hundred dollars . - ‘

Invested. Demands no 1"}?

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free to do what you please during the :





 





<15) ‘ 15





Owners of New I-Iay Press





spring and early summer months! It’s worth something. too. to be one'a own boss.





Sandwich All-Steel Motor Press





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The Sandwich All-Steel Motor Press bales

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Drop us a line today for new book about

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D





Swift’s Arsenate of Lead

mixes readily with water, does not

settle quickly, can be applied with

any pump.



It sticks to the foliage through





old-style mixtures.



Use it on your vegetables and

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can produce. It is fatal to leaf-

eating worms and insects.





MERRIMAG CHEMICAL co.

Broad Street, Boston, Mass.





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I

‘I St Ila Bucky

CFIREIGHT PA'D IaImexacegta'lfit'egs. orig:

00., N. D.. S. D., Wyo.. Mont., N. M.. La. Ga.

Ala" Miss. and Fla" on all orders of three rolls or.-

more. Specxal Prices to these States on request.

onnpny . . . . Weighs 35 Ibo. 108 Square Feet. $1.10 per roll-

Twapny . . . Weigh. 45 11’s., 108 Square Feet, 91.30 per roll-

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Pleaseniention the Michigan Farmer when you

are writing to advertisers and you will do us a favor.
' (16)'





16 .

, ' MA’kfi‘ETs j





DETROIT WHOLESALE 'MARKETs.





   





June 28, 1911.

Grains and Seeds.



Wheat.-—The market has lost a portion

of the gain made last week, but on Tues-

day there was a bullish feeling in the

trade in spite of the favorable conditions

that seemed to prevail. The weather was

ideal over most of the wheat growing

section, and, with the exception of South

Dakota where the dry winds have done

permanent damage, recent estimates

promise to be fulfilled. Flour trade is

very dull and cash grain does not move

at all satisfactory. There has been, how-

ever, a heavy falling off in the world’s

visible supply and prices in Europe are

firm. The strong position taken by oats

is believed to be a factor in the wheat

deal just now. One year ago the price

for No. 2 red wheat was $1.05 per bu.

Quotations for the past week are:





No. 2 0.



Red. White. July. Sept.

Thursday ...... 891/2 .88% .8994 .9114

Friday . . . ...... 891/6 88% 89% .911/‘

Saturday ...... 88 .87 .88 90%,

Monday ....... 871/2 .861/2, .88 .9094

Tuesday . ...... 88 .87 .8814 .92

Wednesday .88 .87 .9014 .9336





Corn.—This grain rules on a higher

basis. The conditions of the growing

crop are not generally good, as dry

weather has made the stand uneven over

a large part of the corn belt. It is also

stated that three~fourths of the corn of

Oklahoma is beyond help, due to exces~

sive heat and lack of moisture. Other

states have suffered but not so exten-





siVely. One year ago the price for No. 3

corn was 621/2c per bu. Quotations for

the week are:



No. 3 No. 3



Corn. Yellow.

Thursday ........... .38 60

Friday .................... 571,; 59 14

Saturday . ................ 571,; 5914

Monday .................. 37 v.59

Tuesday .................. 58 60

Wednesday ............... 371/, :19 1k





Oats—This cereal occupies the strong-

est position of any of the prominent

grains and since the conditions of the

crop are such that relief is almost llll-

possible, it is apt to influence corn and

wheat as those grains will havo to bear

the brunt of the scarcity of oats. The

estimated shortage ranges from 250,000,000

to 370,000,000 bushels. In Iowa the dam-

age is estimated to be 30 to 40 per

cent of a normal crop. Dealers are get-

ting hold of all the oats they can iind.

One year ago the price for standard oats

was 411/20 per bu. Quotations for the





week are:

Standard No. 3

White

Thursday ................... 441/2 44

Friday . .................. 441/2 44

Saturday . . . . . . . . ......... 44 431A,

Monday . . ...... 44 431A.

Tuesday ...... . ........ ... 45 44%

\Vednesday ....... . . .. . . . 441/.» 44





Beans.——Much of the advance noted in

our last issue was lost during the past

week, but on Tuesday the downward

trend was interrupted by an advance of

two cents in October options. Following

are the quotations for the week:





Cash. Oct.



Thursday .................. $2.20 $2.09

Friday ..................... 2.10 2.05

Saturday ................... 2.00 200

Monday .................... 2.00 2.00

Tuesday .................. . 2.00 2.02

Wednesday .............. . . . 2.05 2.02

Clover Seed.~—l’rime spot and alsike





are merely nominal and unchanged, while

October delivery fluctuated with values

much above those of last week. Follow-

ing are the quotations:





Prime. Oct. Alsike.



Thursday ......... $9.50 $8.75 $9.0



Friday ............ 9.50 9.00 9.0

Saturday ......... 9.50 9.00 9.00

Monday .......... 9.50 8.75 9.00

Tuesday .......... 9.50 8.60 9.00

\Vednesday ....... 9.50 8.75 9.00



Flour, Feed, Provisions, Etc.



Flour.—Market is slow with prices





steady. Quotations are:

Clear ................................. 31;:

St ai ht ............................. .



r g 4.90





Patent Michigan

Ordinary Patent .....................



Hay and Strawxmllay prices are mark-

ed down a little while straw is up $1.

Quotations on baled hay in car lots 1'.

0. b. Detroit are: No. 1 timothy, $225061)

23; No. 2 timothy, $21; clover, mixed, $18;

rye straw, $8.50; Wheat and oat straw,

$7.50 per ton.



Feed—Prices are steady with a. week

ago. Carlot prices on track are: Bran,

$27 per ton, coarse middlings, $28; fine

middlings, $28; cracked corn, $22; coarse

corn meal, $22; corn and oat chop, $20

per ton.



Potatoes.—The trade is almost without

potatoes and the high figures established

two weeks ago still maintain. New crop

is small. In car lots Michigan potatoes

are selling at 706080c per bu.



Provisions.—-Family pork, $176018; mess

pork, $16.75; medium clear, $166017:

smoked hams, 156016c; briskets, 101/260

Ill/go; shoulders, 101/60; picnic hams, 100;

bacon, 151/260161/2c: pure lard in tierces,

91/,c; kettle rendered lard, 1014c per lb.



Dairy and Poultry Products.



Bunch—Trade is active with a week

ago. The demand is good and the supply

ample. Prices unchanged. Quotations are:

Extra creamery, 23c; firsts, do., 21c; dairy

16c; packing stock, 15c per lb.



Eggs.——The demand for eggs has raised

values a cent during the week. The sup—

ply of good eggs is shrinking. Market is

active. Fresh eggs, case count, cases in-





cluded, are quoted at 140 per dozen.

Poultry.——-This deal is dull and firm.





0 week’s lower range of hay values.

0 straw quoted 500 lower; other kinds re-





THE MIGH'I’GAzm FAR-men,-





Volume of trade is small. Quotations

are: Live—Hens, 120; old‘ roosters, 10c;

turkeys, 14@15c; geese, 8@9c; ducks,

young, 12@13c; broilers, 20@210 pe'r lb. ‘



Cheese.—Michiga.n, old, 17c; Inchigsn,

late, 13@14c. York state, new, 13%@14c;

Swiss domestic block, 16@18c; "cream

brick, 13@14c.



VeaI.—Market higher. Fancy, 10@10%c;

choice, 8@9c per lb. -



Fruits and Vegetables. -



Cabbage—Steady. Selling at 32.7561)

3 per crate for new.



Strawberries.—Higher, with receipts

light. Michigan grown are selling at

$3.506“ per bu.



Pineappies.——$3.25@3.75 per case.



Cherries.—Sour, $1.25@1.75 per

case.



Raspberries.-——Red, $1.75@2 per 24-pint

case; black plentiful and selling at $1.50

per 16-qt. case.



Huckleberries.—$3.5O per 24-qt. case.



Gooseberries.—Lower. Selling at $2@

2.50 per bu.



Apples—Very little old fruit in the

market. New quoted at $1.75@2 per box.

From Farmers’ Wagons on Detroit East-



ern Market.



Dry weather has limited the crops about

the city and consequently restricted this

market to narrower operations than nor-

mally. Beets were offered at 5c per

bunch; lettuce at from 25@40c per bu.

with plenty on hand; string beans were

going at 6060800 per bu; bunch onions

were quite closely picked up at three

bunches for 250; peas in pod were selling

around $1.50 per bu; cherries were in fair

supply and selling at $3 per bu. or 10c

per quart; currants Were quoted at $2

per 24-qt. case; sweet cherries Scarce and

selling at 150 per quart; eggs, 25c per

(102. No potatoes could be found upon

the market.





16-qt.





OTHER MARKETS.





 





Grand Rapids.



Later cherries are doing better than the

early ones, on accountvof the demand for

canning purposes, sours bringing. $2 and

sweets $3 on Tuesday morning’s market.

lied raspberries sold at $1.85@1.90; blacks

at $2. Currants are worth $1.50. First

home-grown potatoes are in,‘ selling at

$2 per bu. Radishes are worth 6c; lettuce

50c; peas, $1.50 and butter beans, $2.50.



Timothy Seed.—Market dull and steady

with price advanced 15c. Quotation for

prime spot is $5.75 per bu.





 





Chicago.



Wheat—No. 2 red, 90@91c; July, 91c;

Sept. 901,2c per bu.



(fortraxo. 2, 569460570; July, 5794c;

Sept.. 60c per bu.



Uuts.—v.'\'o. 2 white, 431/,@44V40; July,

434nm Sept” 4426c. .



llarley.»Malting grades,





bu; feeding, 656L75c. . ,



Butter.-—Last week’s advance has been'

sustained by fairly active trading, and a,

general feeling of steadiness prevails.‘

Excessively dry weather in many sections

is having its effect in curtailing produc-

tion. Quotationsz' Creameries, 19@23c;

dairies, extra, 210 per 1b.



Eggs—Little change in conditions gov-

erning this market. The better grades

command a l/éc advance this week while

the poorer kinds are still a drug on the

market. Quotations: Prime firsts, 141/2c;

firsts, 131/2c per doz; at mark, cases in-

cluded, 1160111/20.



Potatoes.——The outlook is for a heavier

movement of new stock, owing to needed

rains in some sections. The demand, es-

pecially for old stock, is less urgent and

prices are lower. Choice to fancy old are

quoted at 80@90c per bu; good to choice

new, $1.80@2 per bu.



Beans—The choicest hand-picked beans

have made a rather sensational advance;

other kinds unchanged. Market very

firm. Choice hand—picked pea beans are

quoted at $2.30 per bu; prime, $1.85@1.95;

red kidneys, $3.25@3.65 per bu.



Hay and Straw.—Market firm at 138:



a





unchanged. The quotations are:

Choice timothy, $236024; No. 1 timothy,

$20.50@22; No. 2 do. and N0. 1 mixed,

$186120; No. 3 do. and No. 2 mixed, $1560

17; rye straw, $8608.50; oat straw, $6.50

607; wheat straw, $6606.50 per ton.





main





 





New York.

Patten—Prices fractionally higher and

market firm. Creamery specials quoted

at 24%6924-7,c; extras, 233660240.

Eggs—This market is firm under a lo

advance on the better grades. Lower

grades also slightly higher, with all kinds





moving a little more freely. Fresh gath—

ered extras, 206122c; firsts, 1560160; sec-

onds, l2!é6t.»141/2c; western gathered

whites, 1761.20c.



Poultry—lmessed—Steady. Turkeys,

126i15c; fowls, 1261.15c; western broilers,

1861.25c.



Boston.





“'ool.——From external appearances the

local wool deal is quiet, but when com-

piled the sales for the past week nearly

touched the 51/2 million mark, denoting

anxiety on the part of manufacturers to

close all the sales they can at the present

basis. Sellers are conservative about ac-

cepting bids and refuse to compromise.

Farmers of the west and the central

states are sticking to their “guns” and

are not surrendering any part of the

price they have been asking. but have

actually advanced their position some

three or four cents. Michigan growers

are offering their wool at 221,56023c for

medium, and 20c for fine. The dealing in

fleeces on the local market has been very

small for the reason that little old stock

remains and new fleeces have not begun

arriving yet.





 





Elgin.

Butter.—Market firm at 23c per lb.,

which is the quotation of last week.





$1601.17 per“





TH E LIVE STOCK .MAR‘KETS.





 





- Buffalo. 9

' ‘ June' 26, 1911.

(Special report by Dunning & Stevens,



» New York Central Stock Yards, '



' East Buffalo, N. Y.) '



Receipts of stock here today as follows:

Cattle, 153 cars; hogs, 14,400; sheep and

lambs, 4,200; calves, 2,000.



With 153 cars of cattle on our market

here today, and 26,000 reported in Chi-

cago, the strictly dry-fed cattle -and the

best grades of cattle fed corn on grass

sold strong to 10c per cwt. higher than

last Week. The lower grades of grassy

stuff of all descriptions are only about

steady and selling very slow at that.



We qute: Best 1,350 to 1,600-lb. steers,

$6.40@6.65; good prime 1,200 to 1,350-lb.

steers, $6.15@6.35; best 1,100 to 1,200-lb.

shipping steers, $5.50@6.10; medium

butcher steers, 1,000 to 1,100 lbs., $51060

5.50; light butcher steers, $4.65@5.15; best

fat cows, $450605; fair to good do., $3.50





604.25; common to medium do., $3603.60;

trimmers, $2.25@2.75; best fat heifers,

$5.25@5.85; good do., $4.75@5.15; fair_to

good do., $4604.65; best stock heifers,





$325604; common do., $3@3.25; best feed-

ing steers, dehorned, $4.50@4.75; common

feeding steers dehorned, $3.75@4; best

bulls, $4.75@5; bologna bulls, $3.75@4;

stock bulls, $3.25@3.50; best milkers and

springers, $50@55; common to good do.,



206030.



\Vith 90 cars of hogs on sale here today

local packers started out bidding $6.85 for

the best hogsin the yards this morning,

but as some of the shippers had liberal

orders, and were willing to pay $6.90 for

their kinds, packers were forced to this

price, and the bulk of the good quality

hogs landed at $6.90, while the pigs and

lighter Weights sold generally around

$6.60606.70, according to weight and qual-

ity. The good quality rough sows sold

mostly at $5.75; stags from $4.25@5. The

hogs are fairly well cleaned up; prices

generally being the same as early, but

trading slow at the finish.



The lamb and yearling market opened

active today, and sheep strong. The most

of the choice spring lambs selling from

$7.25607.50; few at $7.75. Yearlings lambs,

$36i5.50; the demand was very light for

heavy ewes today, selling mostly at $2.75





603. Few choice handy wethers selling

at $4604.10. Prospects steady for sheep





the balance of the week.

“'e quote: Best spring lambs, $72560





, 7.75: wethers, $3.90604.10; cull sheep. $1.50





602.50: bucks, $2.50@2.75; yearling lambs,

$5605.50; handy ewes, $3.25@3.50; heavy

do., $275603; veals, choice to extra, $8.50





603.75; fair to good do., $7608.25; heavy

calves, $3.50@4.50.





Chlcago. ‘

. June 26, 1911.

Cattle. Hogs. Sheep

Received today ..... .28,000 42,000 25,000

Same day last year..21,572 34,171 16,319

Received last week...56,344 118.738 100.688

Same week last year.58,859 115,545 56,291



This week opens with liberal receipts

of cattle, hogs and lambs, and prices are





-weakening more'or less, with fat stock





showing firmness. Buyers of cattle paid

steady prices for the better class of.

steers, cows, etc., but other descriptions

were slow of sale and at least 10c lower,

with some lots off as much as 15c. This

follows last week’s advance of 100 in good

to choice cattle and the decline of 1060150

in others, butcher stock having dropped

in that time 250, fed cows and heifers ex-





cepted. Hogs started off steady this

morning, despite the liberal offerings,

with a good shipping demand, the ex-





trcme range for common to the best

standing at $6.05606.60. Later the local

packers were slow about operating, bid-

ding 50 lower, and sales showed about

that much of a decline, choice lots ex-

cepted. Prime consignments averaging

180 to 220 lbs. sold highest and rough lots

averaging 250 to 360 lbs. the lowest. Pigs

sold at $5.50606.30, boars at $250603 and

stags at $6.35606.75. A. week ago hogs

went at $5.90606.40. Last week’s receipts

were lighter in weight, averaging 234 lbs.

Sheep and yearlings are lower today, the

best excepted, with sheep comparatively

scarce. This follows last week's decline

of 256i£40c in shorn sheep and lambs and

a fall of 50c6t$1 in springs, the best ex-

cepted, these having declined 15@25c.

Spring lambs are salable at $3@7, and





clipped stock goes as follows: Lambs,

3835060610; wethers, $3.40@4.15; ewes, $2

6.03.50; yearlings, $4604.50.





Cattle supplies are still largely market-

ed on two days in the week, 26,816 head

having shown up Monday last week and

19,091 Wednesday. The generous Monday

supply caused an average break of a

dime except in strictly good fat cattle,

which were relatively scarce and active

at firm prices. Later in the week smaller

supplies of cattle turned the tide uD-

ward, and prices were generally higher,

with inferior lots selling no better. Beef

steers have been selling chiefly at a

range of $5.50606.35, with prime beeves

going at $6.356i6.70, the top quotation

being the highest touched this season.

The commoner order of thin, grass-fed

steers sold for $4.60605.50, with sales of

export steers of medium to good grading

at $5.65@6.20, while, desirable yearling

steers brought $5.75@6.40. Texas cattle

were in fair supply and in demand at

$550606, fat meal-fed steers going at the

top. Native cows and heifers were fairly

animated, butchering lots going at $32060

6, firmness being lacking except for

choice lots. Cutters sold at 2527560315,

while canners sold the lowest of any time

this year, going at $2602.70. Bulls were

lower at $3605.10, while calves sold during

the week at $8.25@8.65 per 100 lbs. at the

highest time down to $3606 for the com-

moner ones. Very little interest was

manifested in milkers and springers,

which moved off slowly at $30@60 per

head. The stocker and feeder traffic was

fairly active on the basis of a much lower





 





JULY '1,- mt.





scale of _,prices than those paid 93%“!

few weeks ago, 'stockers going at $3. cg

5.10,- ' and «tenders dt= ~$£W®3§5§573 Afit ' '

steers selling at “@435 were all of 75c

lower than at the recent high ,m, white

lots of stock heifers an‘d trashy steers

selling for $3.50@3.75 were all of $1 lower

than three weeks ago. The best lots of _

feeder heifers went for $4.10.- Dried—up;

pastures are forcing many thin‘ cattle on

the market prematurely, and these go to,

make up the big end of the stocker and

feeder offerings, many of which have

been accumulating in speculators' hands

of late. It is not at all unlikely that

these will go Still loWer, and‘TsOm‘e farm-

ers are waiting for an expect-”ed fall in

prices before stocking their feed lots. g

Hogs have furnished a general surprise

to most people by their recent upward

course, selling at decidedly the highest

prices recorded in a long period. This

has been in spite ofvthefact that re-

ceipts -of late have been running on a

much larger scale than at corresponding

periods in recent years, the advances be-

ing directly traceable to good buying of

the choicer lots of light hogs and light

butcher hogs by local speculators and

eastern shippers. These consignments

sold the highest, with most of the recent

sales of hogs around $6.45@6.55, the

spread in prices being extremely narrow.

The extremely heavy hogs continued to

sell lowest of all, but .even these have

sold above $6. Altogether it has been a

market that was extremely satisfactory to

sellers, the reason being the greatly en,-

larged consumption of fresh pork pro-

ducts and cured meats and lard. N'ot

only is the demand east and south re-

markably good, but there is also a lib-

eral export trade in lard, bacon, etc.,

which has been of late censiderably more

than twice as heavy as a year ago. Un-

der all the circumstances, owners of

thrifty hogs that are doing well will see

at once the advantages to be derived

from making them marketable before

letting them go. '-

Sheep and lambs have been dumped

far too freely on the market recently, and

this applies with peculiar force to the ex-

tremely large percentage of thin, poorly

fattened stock, as well as to consign-

ments that were too heavy. Extremely

hot weather has been highly unfavorable

for the sale of heavy muttons, and these

have weakened much more than fat light

weights. Choice spring lambs formed too

small a share of the receipts, and these

sold at an extremely large premium over

everything else in the line of lambs, year-

lings or sheep. Cull sheep went as low

as $16172 per 100 lbs., while the best spring

lambs sold for $7607.25. At times there

was a good show of range yearlings frOm

Texas, New Mexico and Arizona, and

Oregon sent its first shipment of the sea-

son. Thus far most of the range flocks

have been thin and on the feeder order.

Horses have continued to arrive on the

market much more freely than the mod-

erate general demand warranted, .and

prices suffered accordingly, especially for

the poorer kinds. The great bulk of the

horses received last week sold Well below

$200 per head, with ordinary animals sell—

ing down to $100 and a few crippled

and otherwise undesirable horses ”fetch-

ing $30@75. There were not enough of

the prime expresser class that sells around

$23060255 per head, but plenty of medium

kinds of horses were offered, and good

workers sold for $180@190, while plain

light drivers and workers went for $125

@135. F.





LIVE ems.





Losses of dead hogs in transit these hot

days means severe losses to their own-

ers, $126015 a head less counting up big

when several dead hogs are taken from a

car. In some cars so many dead hogs

are found that losses in place of profits

are the result. Better ship fewer hogs

in a car and select as cool weather as

possible, besides having a clean car pro-

vided. ’



While farmers living in districts where

pasturage is first-class are anxious to

buy cattle to graze, other districts where

the drought has destroyed the grass are

forced ti market thin cattle prematurely.

This is the season of the year when

grass-fed cattle are plentiful any way, as

southwestern pastures market freely by

June, and lower prices are the result.



Prime light-weight veal calves retain

their popularity, the demand for veal be-

ing extremely large. Buyers discriminat-

ed severely against the coarse and heavy

calves, which are selling as low as ever,

while the best calves are bringing high

figures in the markets of the Country.



Various sections of the country have

acquired the habit of roughing lambs

through the winter, getting them in very

fair condition early in the springon grass

and sending them to market late in May.

‘l'his is usually a profitable business. The

trouble with the sheep and lamb business

as conducted by so many stockmen’v'is

that they stint feed in fattening their

flocks. .. .‘ f



Stock experts figure that hay is worth

at present prices considerably more than

either corn or oats per pound and nearly

as much as wheat.



Recent investigations go to show that

not in years has the supply of hogs and

pigs been as large as at the present time.

Fortunately, most farmers are well pro-

vided with corn, and plenty of it is fur-

nished to hogs and other live stock. At

ruling prices for corn and hogs it pays

well to use it for feed. Current market-

ings of hogs show that they have been

well cared for. '



A consignment of well-bred 800-lb. years

ling steers that were shipped to” the Chi-

cago market recently by a Missourifarm-

er because his pasturage had dried up

during the drought went to a feeder at

$5.40 per 100 lbs. It is probable that on

good blue grass pasture these-steers will

initiate cheap gains between now and '09-

O r.
JULY 1, 1911.

THIS IS THE LAST EDITION.





, In the first edition the Detroit Live

St0ck markets are reports of last week;

all other markets are right up to date.

Thursday’s Detroit Live Stock markets

are given in the last edition. The first

edition is mailed Thursday, the last edi-

tion Friday morning. The first edition is

mailed to those who care more to get the

paper early than they do for Thursdays

Detroit Live Stock market report. You





may have any edition desired. Subscribe





ere may change from one edition to an-

other by dropping us a card to that effect.





 





l' DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





 





Thursday's Market.

June 29, 1011.

Cattle.



Receipts, 664. Good dry-fed steady,

common cow stuff and cattle selling be-

low $5.25, 15@25c lower.



We quOte: Best dry—fed steers and



heifers $5.50@6; steers and heifers, 1,000

to 1,200, $4.75@5.25; do. 800 to 1,000, $4.25

@5; grass steers and heifers that are fat,

800 to 1,000, $4@4.75; do. 500 to 700, $3.25

@4; choice fat cows, $4.25@4.50; good do.

$3.25@3.50;' common cows, $2.75@3; can-

ners, $1.50@2.50; choice heavy bulls, $4@

4.25; fair to good bolognas, bulls, $3.50@

3.65; stock bulls, $3@3.50; choice feeding

steers, 800 to 1,000, $4.25@4.75; fair feed-

ling steers, 800 to 1,000, $4@4.50; choice

,stockers, 500 to 700, $4@4.50; fair StOCKeiS

500 to 700. $3.25@4; stock heifers, $3.25@

I375; milkers, large, young, medium age,

‘$40@50; common milkers, $20@35.

l Roe Com. Co. sold Regan 2 butchers av

820 at $3.75; to Rattkowsky 6 do av 330

at $3.50; to Applebaum 4 do av 642 at

$4.25; to Mich. B. Co. 2 cows av 1,175 at

$3.50, 29 butchers av 791 at $4.50, 7 cows

av 1,057 at. $4.50, 2 do av 875 at $3.50, 2

cow, and bull av 835 at $3; to Regan 2

heifers av 6.00 at $4.25, 2 do av 745 at

$4.25; to Goose 4 do av 412 at $2.50; to

,Goodwin 2 cows av 900 at $3.50, 3 do a\

l1,020 at $4, 3 do av 953 at $3.60; to Regan

i9 butchers av 492 at $3.10; to Breitenbeck

.8 do av 847 at $4.75, 1 cow weighing 1,100

:at $4.25; to Hammond, S. & Co. 1 bull

lweighing 1,070 at $3.75, 1 do weighing

1,300 at $3.90.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Goose 5 cows av

1,018 at $3.50; to Mich. B. Co. 1 bull

Weighing 810 at $3.50; to Applebaum 4

butchers av 417 at $3.50; to Schlischer 1

bull weighing 670 at $3; to Heinrich 26

steers av 900 at $4.95; to Pulver 6 stockers

av 733 at $3.85, 2 do av 685 ht $3.85, 21 do

av 712 at $3.85; to Marx 12 butchers ax

870 at $4.40; to Goose 3 cows av 800 at

$3.85, 2 do av 950 at $3.50; to Newton B.

Co. 20 butchers av 946 at $5.10; to Austin

5 steers ,a’v 760 at $4, 5 heifers av 584 at

$3.75, 5' s'teers av 750 at $4. 6 do av 725.at

$4;,to Bradley 13 do av 575 at $3.65, 4 do

av 537 at,'$3.50.



Haley ‘ M. sold Applebaum 2 cows av

7.35 at $3) 5; to Heinrich 4 heifers av 730

at $4.65,; ,tQ‘IRattkowsky 1 do weighing 520

at 34,, Q'icpws av 1,060 at $4; to Jos.

lRattkows'y 1 do weighing 950 at $3.25, 1

do weighigg 1,050 at $3.40.



Spicer ', R. sold Hammond, S. & Co.

3 butchers av 953 at $4.50, 1 bull weighing

1,370 a,§)_$4.50; to Austin 15 stockers av

760 at 14.20.; to Mich. B. Co. 29 butchers

lav .766, at $4.50, 1 cow weighing 1,030 at

$2; to Goose 5 butchers av 942 at $4.35;

to Rattkowsky 3 cows av 1,153 at $4, 3

do av 923 at $2.70; to Parker, W. & Co.

'1 bull weighing 760 at $3.50.



' Lachlan sold Parker, W. & Co. 1 bull

weighing 950 at $3.50.



Johnson sold Rattkowsky 2 steers av

695 at $4.25.



Veal Calves.



Receipts, 884. Market strong at last

week’s prices. Best, $8698.50; others, $4

@7.50;.milch cows and springers steady.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Parker, W. & Co.

62 av 145 at $7; to Newton, B. Co. 5 at

155 at $8.25; to Goose 3 av 200 at $5.25; to

Burnstine ‘5 av 145 at $8.50; to Sullivan

P. Co. 5 av 150 at $8.25, 3 av 140 at $8,

9 av 150 at $8; to Nagle P. Co. 9 av 155

at $8, 3 av 110 at $7. 1 weighing 100 at

$7, 3 av 130 at $8.25, 14 av 160 at $8, 7 av

135 at $8.25, 7 av 155 at $8.25, 1 weighing

140 at $6, 10 av 164 at $6.50, 31 av 150 at

$8.50. 7 av 165 at $8.50; to Burnstine 5

av 130 at $8.25; to Hammond, S. & Co. 8

av 140 at $8.25, 27 av 155 at $8.50, 4 av

180 at $6.50, 23 av 150 at $325,122 av 160

at $8.50, 17 av 155 at $8.50, 8 av 130 at

$8.25; to McGuire 11 av 155 at $8.50.



Spicer &. R. sold Broadlofi.’ 5 av 145 at

$8: to Mich. B. Co. 13 av 150 at $8.25; to

Sullivan P. Co. 15 av 150 at $8; to Newton

R. Co. 8 av 155 at $8; to Rattkowsky 8

av 155 at $8; to Goose 3 av 120 at $6.50,

24 av 145 at $8; to Parker, W. & Co. 10

av 124 at $6.50, 30 av 155 at $8; to New-

ton B. Co. 9 av 160 at $8.25, 2 av 120 at $7.



Sandell & T. sold Hammond, S. & Co.

3 av 170 at $5, 12 av 150 at $8.



Roe Com. Co. sold Hammond, S. & Co.

2 av 160 at $6, 9 av 150 at $8; to Ratt~

kowsky 5 av 125 at $6, 32 av 160 at $8;

to Hammond, S. & Co. 2 av 180 at $6, 12

av 150 at $8. 19 av 135 at $8; to Mich. B.

Co. 5 av 160 at $7. 19 av 135 at $8.25.



Haley & M. sold Broadloff 2 av 175 at

$8.50; to Parker, W. & Co. 3 av 135 at

$5.50; to Patszuski 10 av 157 at $8; to

Rattkowsky 3 av 155 at $7, 14 av 160 at

$8.25; to Sullivan P. Co. 5 av 125 at $6,

10 av 160 at $8, 9 av 155 at $8; to Mich.

B. Co. 1 weighing 200 at $6, 25 av 155 at

$8; to Rattkowsky 16 av 150 at $8; to

Mich. B. Co. 6 av 155 at $8.25.



McLaughlin sold Newton B. Co. 6 av





155 at $8. .

Boyle sold same 10 av 126 at $7.50.

Johnson sold Sullivan P. Co. 5 av 145

at $7.50.

'Same sold Mich. B. Co. 11 av 165 at





8.25. .

$ Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts, 1,307. Market opened steady

on good lambs, closing 25@50c lower, de-

cllne mostly on light lambs and common

sheep. Best lambs. $6.75@7; fair to good

lambs, $5.50@6.50: light to common lambs

$4@4.75; yearlings, $3.50@4.60; fair to good





~' THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





sheep, $3@3.50; culls and common, $1.50

@250.





Bishop, B. & H. sold .Sullivan P. Co.

27 lambs av 75 at $7, 3 yearlings av 90

at $4; to Newton B. Co. 11 lambs av 75

at $7, 5 do av 60 at $6.50, 5 do av 75 at

$4.50; to Harland 23 do av 60 at $6.75; to

Fitzpatrick Bros. 29 sheep av 110 at $3,

16 do av 100 at $3, 9 lambs av 75 at $7, 8

do av 55 at $6.75, 31 sheep av 115 at

$2.75, 28 do av 90 at $3.25, 28' lambs av

75 at $6; to Bray 15 sheep av 65 at $3; to

Haley 9 do av 77 at $1.50; to Harland 10

lambs av 65 at $7; to Young 42 do av 65

at $6.50; to Newton B. Co. 12 yearlings

av 90 at $4.50, 4 sheep av 90 at $2; to

Barlage 6 do av 95 at $3, 5 do av 75 at

$3, 11 lambs av 55 at $5.50, 9 do av 55 at

$5.50; to Bray 12 sheep av 95 at $2.50.



Spicer & R. sold Sullivan P. Co. 11

lambs av 60 at $6.75; to Newton B. Co.

10 sheep av 100 at $3.50; to Mich. B. Co

14 do av 120 at $2.75, 4 do av 150 at $2.50;

to Newton B. Co. 28 do av 68 at $3.75.



McLaughlin sold Newton B. Co. 12

lambs av 75 at $7.



Boyle sold same 12 do av 55 at $6.50.



Johnson sold Sullivan P. Co. 29 iamos

av 80 at $7.



Haley & M. sold Parker, W. & Co.

48 lambs av 72 at $7; to Sullivan P. Co.

10 do,av 58 at $6, 10 do av 52 at $5.50, 29

do av 85 at $6.75; to Newton B. Co. 7

yearlings av 75 at $4.50; to Mich. B. Co.





49 sheep av 100 at $3.25; to Newton 13..





Co. 15 lambs av 50 at $5, 65 do av 65 at

$6.60, 18 do av 60 at $5.50. 3 do av 75 at.

$7: to Fitzpatrick Bros. 33 do av 75 at

$6.50, '24 do av 78 at $6.50; to Mich. B. Co.

4 sheep av 95 at $3.25, 8 do av 115 at $3.

Roe Com. Co. sold Barlage 38 lambs av





65 at $5.50.





Hogs.



Receipts, 3,414. Packers bidding 10@

15c lower than last week at noon; none

sold yet.



Range of prices: Light to good butch—

ers, $6.30@6.50; pigs, $6.25; light yorkers,

$6.35@6.50; heavy, 363069640.



Roe Com. Co. sold Sullivan P. Co. 180

av 190 at $6.50, 63 av 180 at $6.45.



Spicer & R. sold same 150 av 190 at

6.50.

$ Haley & M. sold Hammond, S. & Co.

286 av 185 at $6.50.



Sundry shippers sold same 425 av 190

at $6.50.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Parker, 11'. & Co.

1.525 av 180 at $6.50, 650 av 150 at $6.45.





Friday's Market.

June 23, 1911.

Cattle.



Receipts this week, 765; last week, 974.

Markets teady at Thursday's prices. Best

steers and heifers, $6; steers and heifers.

1,000 to 1,200, $4.75@5.50; do. 800 to 1,000,

$4.25@5; grass steers and heifers that are

fat, 800 to 1,000, $4@4.75; do. 500 to 700.

$3.50@4; choice fat cows, $4.25@4.50; good

fat cows, $3.50@3.75; common cows. $3@

3.25; canners, $1.50@2.50; choice heavy

bulls, $4@4.25; fair to good bologna bulls,

$3.50@3.75; stock bulls, $3.25@3.50; choice

feeding steers, 800 to 1,000, $4.25@4.75;

fair feeding steers, 800 to 1,000, $4@4.50;

choice stockers, 500 to 700, $4@4.50; fair

stockers, 500 to 700, $3.50@4; stock heif-

ers, $3.25@3.75; milkers, large, young,

medium age, $40@45; common milkers,

$206035; good cows, $30@35.



Veal Calves.





 





Receipts this week, 1,162; last week,

1 , 283 ; market strong at Thursday’s

prices. Best, $8@8.50; others, $4@7.50.





Milch cows and springers dull.

Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts this week, 1,413; last week,

2,004. Market steady at Thursday’s

prices. Best lambs, $7; fair to good lambs

{ls-3.7560650; light to common lambs, $4.25

((05; yearlings, $3.50@5.50; fair to good

giggep, $3@3.50; culls and common, $1.50@





Hogs.



Receipts this week, 4,467; last week,

6,099. Market steady at Thursday’s

prices. Light to good butchers, $6.55@

6.60; pigs, $6.25; light yorkers, $6.55@6.60;

heavy, $6.55@6.60.



A Chicago hog sellers remarked the

other day that the difference in prices

between then and a year ago on a car

load of hogs amounted to $900 to $1,000,

which would buy a pretty good automo-

bile. The fine spring weather and cheap

corn have brought forth a big supply of

hogs that were matured from 30 to 60

days earlier than usual, and hogs have

been coming to market that ordinarily

would not come before May or June. He

thought that this would result in a. fall-

ing off in the June supply of hogs.



Farmers have made the bulk of their

cattle, hogs and sheep much heavier this

season than in most past years, the mild,

open winter, together with the abundance

of cheap corn, having favored putting on

additional flesh. W'hen weighed on the

scales at Chicago and other live stock

markets, the cattle have shown up well

in weight, and this has tended to increase

the beef supply, in addition to mere

numbers.



The markets of the country have not

been receiving large cattle supplies re-

cently, but so poor has been the general

demand that prices have suffered big de-

clines, resulting in severe losses to stock

feeders in a great many instances. The

Chicago market still suffers from receipts

divided over the week very unevenly,

country shippers having become accus—

tomed to crowding as many as half of

the receipts of the entire week into Mon-

day's supply, and it happens not infre-

quently that considerably more than half

the week's receipts are offered on that

day. Receipts of 25,000 cattle and up-

ward in a day these times are disastrous

to sellers’ interests, and they have to

stand declines of 15@25c per 100 lbs. in

a single day, following other bad breaks.

Farmers who have taken the greatest

pains with finishing their cattle are forced

to see all their labor and expense frit—

tered away, and many of them have sold

their cattle at losses of upward of $10

per head. .





VETERINARY.





 





(Continued from page 6). .

remains. M. W. R, Middleville, Mich.—

Rub on bunch iodine ointment, and if

bunch softens open it. Give a dessert-

spoonful of Donovans’ solution at a dose

in feed two or three times a day, for ten

days. At the end of ten days if the

bunch has not reduced discontinue giving

Donovan’s‘solution and give drs. of

iodide potassium at a dose two or three

times a day until the bunch reduces.



Joint Disease—Knuckling.——I have a

colt six days old that knuckles on its

ankles and knees; this colt appeared to

be perfectly well

days. ’1‘. J. W., Standish, Mich—The

whole trouble with your colt comes from

navel infection, which does not always

cause an abscess, but may be of a sub-

acute character.

and 10 parts vaseline to navel once a day.

If the navel is in a suppurative condition

apply peroxide of hydrogen and dust on

equal parts boric acid and powdered alum.

Apply camphorated oil to swollen joints 7

once a day. You should have applied

some healing remedy to colts navel and.

prevented this trouble.



Infected Udder.—I have a seven-year-

old cow that freshened two months ago;

calf sucked her for six weeks, then I sold

him for veal. Since then both hind quar-

ters have been caked. I applied iodine;

and lard, gave her German poke under

instructions from our local Vet. but she

is no better. W. F. B., Vandalia, Mich.—

Give your cow 3 drs. iodide potassium at

a dose in feed two or three times a day

and apply iodine ointment to udder once.

a day. An infected udder like this is very .

often incurable on account of treatment

being delayed too long.





Live STOCK NOTES.





 





There has been a controversy of late

as to whose fault it is that prices for

beef are maintained at a high level while

cattle are selling on a greatly lowered

price schedule. The packers claim that

they have done their part by lowering

prices for carcasses, but the retail mar-

ketmen deny this and claim that the

packers maintain a high scale of prices.

Edward Levey, president of the North

Side Master Butchers' Association, ac-

companied by a reporter for the Chicago

Tribune, made a tour of the packers’

South Water street shops a. few days ago

and priced meats. At the shop of Swift

& Co. No. 1 beef loins were held at 15

cents per pound, and at Armour & Co.’s

the same grade was held at 16 cents,

while “sets," which consist of two loins

and two ribs,

No. 1 ribs were quoted at 11174,, cents. A

“set" weighs about 200 pounds, while a.

loin alone weighs about 65 pounds. Loins

shrink while they are “ripening," during





 





hooks, and the loss by shrinkage and cut-

ting off the mould that accumulates

amounts to two or three pounds. Mr.

Levey said he could show by his receipt- I‘

ed bills that retail butchers cannot buy

meat a cent a pound cheaper than in re-I

cent years. On the day in question Chi- I

cago packers bought stocks below $6 per

100 lbs.. and finished beef cattle at $6M)

6.15 per 100 lbs., or cattle that a year

ago would have brought $7.75@8. Mr.





Levey, in the presence of the reporter,

bougut a lot of bacon at 23 cents per

pound





Pea-fed bacon is taking the place of the

corn—fed product for the breakfast table

where the best grade is eaten, according,

to C. W’. Patterson, that method of fat-

tening hogs having been adopted in I

northern regions where corn cannot be,

grown satisfactorily. In the Canadian

province of Southern Alberta alfalfa is

largely grown as fattening food for cat-

tle and hogs, and it is found that pork

fattening on wheat, supplemented by al-

falfa, is a great success, swine gaining

rapidly in weight, while the quality of

the meat is superior. Some authorities

claim that field peas may be fed even

more profitably to hogs than to sheep,

and it has been found that a bushel of

peas will put on as much pork as one

and one-third bushels of corn. In irri- .

gated portions of Colorado the harvesting ‘

is done by the hogs themselves, and

there is no cost of cultivation. I’ea-fed'

pork brings a premium at the packing,

houses, and pea~fed bacon stands at the,

top as an article of food. Large packing"

houses have been built at Winnipeg, Cal- .

gary and Edmonton, where hogs are:

slaughtered extensively, while smaller'

packing houses are springing up in such]

dry-farming and irrigated places as Bilo‘

lings, Montana. In some places barley iS>

used largely in feeding hogs with great

success, and it may be added that the

Danish farmers have gained much of

their success in making first-class bacon.

for English consumption through feeding

their hogs mainly on barley and dairy.

by—products. And at the Ontario Agri-

cultural College barley is now a standard

feed for hogs, having been given a thor-

ough trial. Experiments carried on at

the Ohio Agricultural Station show wheat

to be a fine feed for producing pork

economically. The hogs eat more wheat

than corn, and the wheat was found to

be the more economical feed of the two,

besides making a better grade of bacon.



Western packing has kept on increas-

ing until it has aggregated 670,000 hogs

a week. compared with 450,000 a year ago

and 565,000 two years ago. From the

first of March to latest advices it aggre-

gated 8,1.10,000 hogs, showing an increase

of 2,385,000 hogs over the number packed

a year ago.



The recent sharp breaks in prices for

grassy lots of stocker and feeder cattle

that has been brought about through the

marketing of grazed cattle from Texas

and other southern pastures have opened

a way for intending buyers, who for

weeks have been waiting for just Such

an Opportunity to refill their feed lots.





 





As the some-

and strong for three‘. y





A.





Rub on one part iodine ‘





,‘m' w





‘35





were offered for 15 cents. ‘





:4





the eight or ten days they hang on the '





...__."‘ -





(17)





17





Only a. short time since an Ohio farmer

who owns 320 acres of idle blue grass

pasture. land remarked that he was un-

able to rent any of it, that section being

destitute of cattle, and when he tried

to buy cattle on his own account he

found that the well-bred kind he had in

mind could not be purchased for less than

$5.66 per 100 lbs. So he decided finally

to, let the grass go to waste for the pres-

ent at least. This is, by no means, an

exceptional instance in the corn belt

states, and in order to fill up all the va—

cant feed lots large numbers of cattle

Will be needed.





 





As "streaming”,-

times are. can make them.





 





You have a good remedy. Used.

it on a bone that slipped and caused a box spnvin, as bad a.





finite. 111.. Feb. 21. 1911.

causes I oversaw. Wu three years ago. It took less than

one bottle.‘ HUGH WOODROW.

“Sove-the-Horse" ls sold with n ironclad

contract. EXPERT ADVICE FREE-

Describe your case. We'll advise you frankly

and clearly what to do. Over 15 years success.

abottle.with legal signed unrsntee or contract.

Politively and Permanent y Guru Bone and Bo;

Spsdn, Ringboiio (exce low). Gui-b 'l'horo

35.1mm, Carma nocx, hoe Boil, wind nu.

Sprain ,Indiu-o and Ruptured Tendon: on all

uses, without blemish or loss of hair. Horse works

as _iisili}il.S $5 wtth contract, all .druggwto, or express





pin.

oak.

lemo-





. a Can





. ado.

TM Chemical Co., 20 Commercial Ave.. Biulninton, N. Y.





 





A BOG grams!!-

or 11103000an





10'.th





   

 

 

 

 





, ; will clean them 01! permanently, and you



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: ’ bottle delivered. Book 4 _E free.



. ABSOBBINE, .13., linimcnt for

My mankind, reduces Varicose Veins Rup-

~* -‘ tured Muscles or Ligaments, Bin arged



ago... m. Glands, Goltres. Wens, Cysts. Alloys



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ELEVATORS FOR SALE





Located in first-clam farmin ' country. One in town

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FARMS lllll FARM lllllIS,»

run SALE on EXCHANGE





 





 





 





 





 





' Poultry. Fruit and Stock Far —

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quick sale. W. H. HURD, Collins, Ohio.





 





l SELL FARMS in ()ceana, best County in United

. ' _Stetes. Fruit, Grain, Stock,



Poultry. Vi rite for list. J. S. HANSON. Hart. Mich.

FARMS WANTED—We have dirict buyers. Don't

' . . pay commissions. Writo des-

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Cash For Your Farm or Business. 5,3325

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LAND, 948 Adams leprels Building, ChicagoE. IE.

Michi an at from





WHY PAY BEN





near Saginaw and. Bay City. Write for ma and par-

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)owners) 15 Merrill Bldg, Saginaw. W. S. Michigan.





VIRGINIA FARMS AND TIMBER LANDS





$5.00 per acre and up. Improved and unim-

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lone free. B. ' . WATKINS & COMPANY.

.2 North Ninth Street, Richmond, Virginia.





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terested ll the wonderful Sacra«





 





. AMERICAN FARMERS





I827 Willi-moon BI“.





"EXIco L‘IB co- Cleveland. Ohio.





BUY A FARM





In Canada





Lambton County, Canada,

On the shores of Lake Huron,

Offers immediate Money-making oppor-





tunities to Farmers, Fruit Growers, Dairy-

men. Good roads, schools, churches. A

Send for Booklet issued by 00th

Super-Visors. Apply

A. B. INGRAM, County Treasurer,

Sam





.Cmds.
18





VVVYYVYYVVYVVYVVYVYYY





‘HORTlCULTURE





AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-LMAAA





THINNING As A PRACTICAL PRO-

CEDURE. -





(18)





 





AAAA





 





 





 





Of the orchard operations which are

admittedly profitable yet not very gen—

erally practiced, is thinning the young

fruits. \Vhere peaches are grown in

quantities considerable thinning is done,

but in other fruits very little in this line

is attempted, as a rule.



Theoretically, it is recognized as a good

thing, but practically it is neglected. Help

is scarce at the time the work should be

done and other work is pressing, ,



There are three main factors to be

considered in this work, on the one hand

the expense, and on the other the profit

and the effect on the trees. As a matter

of fact, the actual expense may be re-

garded as small. The fruit must be

picked, anyway, and no more motions

are required or time consumer in pulling

off the fruit and dropping it on the

ground than in placing it in a gathering

receptacle. \Vages, too, at thinning time

are much lower than at the time of har-

vest, and the work of harvesting is so

much facilitated by a proper thinning

that the expense of this work is hardly

Worth considering.



As to the matter of profits, there can

be no question. The fruit is so much

improved in size and gcneral appearance

and quality so increased by the removal

of imperfect specimens in thinning that

the selling value is greatly increased.

In one of the co—opcrative packing houses

of western Michigan a few years ago it

was found that increasing the diameter

of peaches a quarter of an inch added

over 30 per cent to the selling price of

the fruit. The writer is satisfied that a

thorough thinning of heavily loadcd trecs

will increase the number of packages

produced. A tree carrying only the num—

ber of fruits that it can mature to a

maximum size will turn off more bushels

than one that is so overloaded that the

fruit is all small and undersized.



The drain on the vitality of the tree

which is caused by carrying an overload

is a matter of no minor consideration.

The reproductive process is an exhaustive

one and the production of seeds is a

much greater draft on the tree's vitality

than is that of the pulp of the fruit. This

is doubtlessly the reason why some varie-

ties, as the Greeniugs, which only set a

smaller number of fruits are annual

bearers, while those which produce a

large crop in a given year, like the

Baldwin, are biennial bearers, requiring

a year to recuperate after its exhaustive





effort. How much can be done in the

way of insuring annual crops on such

trees as lialdwins by thinning scems to





be uncertain. Experiments thus far do

not seem to be very conclusive along this

line. I am certain that we secured a

crop of Kieffer pcars in the “off" year

by thinning, as was related in the Mich-

igan Farmer not long ago. \\'e have

never been able to do this with apples,

but perhaps it may have been because the

work was done too late. “'e usually thin

the peaches first and then take the other

fruits needed thinning most. 1 purpose

experimenting on some Transparent ap-

ples this season and‘see what can be

done.



The time when thinning should be done





is a matter of considerable importance,

yet it would seem that there is quite a

wide range of time in which the work





may be done with profit. it is doubtless

true that the earlier it is done the more

effective it will prove. The common idea

is that with stone fruits the work should

be done before the pit hardcns, yet this

rule may be somewhat qualified. A peach,

for instance, in order to reach its largest

size, must have a large pit. 1f the tree

is allowed to carry a large number of

peaches up to near the time of hardening

the pits before thinning the specimens

remaining will not produce pits of the

maximum size, and the fruits will not

grow to the size that would have been

attained if the thinning had been done

earlier. Yet, in some cases, remarkable

results may be obtained by thinning

shortly before the fruit ripens. \Vith

such early applcs as the Duchess of

Oldenburg which ripen the fruit uneven-

ly, if the first ripe fruit is taken off

after it is fully colored and the rest al-

lowed to hang a few days, a surprising

growth will take place in the apples

which are left on the trees.



A peculiar feature of fruit growing in

Michigan seems to be that because we

are so near to the markets everything

will sell, so thinning is largely neglected.





THE MICHIGAN FARMER,





while in sections farther removed from

the large markets this work is essential

in order to raise fruit of a sufficiently

high quality so that it will pay the ex-

pense of transportation to distant points

and still yield a profit. Thbre is no ques-

tion but what Michigan fruit of an equal-

1y high grade will afford the growers

equal profits with the difference in cost

of transportation added.

Allegan Co. EDWARD HUTCHINS.





 





FIELD NOTES ON A FEW STRAW-

BERRY VARIETIES.



I find by referring to the plan of our

strawberry plant patch that we have

twenty-three varieties of strawberries

now in bearing on our farm. This is too

many, and besides it is an unlucky num-

ber I am told. The bulk of our fruiting

beds include about a half dozen, but we

are trying at least one row of each of

these twenty-three varieties except the

latest acquisitions, in our fruiting bed so

as to test them under conditions similar

to those the other varieties are grown in.



One important observation which we

must not lose sight of is the fact that a

variety will do much better in some sea-

sons than in others, also that it will do

better on some soils even on the same

farm, than on others, and that it will do

better under one method of culture than

another. If we bear these facts in mind

We will readily understand that one sea-

son is not a fair test of any variety, but

that to test a variety on our farm we

should try it for at least three years and

under varying conditions.



Gandy.—-Very late. Dark

.color somewhat like Aroma. Has much

the same shape as Aroma, but a little

more pointed and apt to be green and

seedy tipped unless fully ripe. Calyx very





pinkish red





 





In a Leelanau County



Successful

large and green. Seeds brownish and on

outside. Not pretty, but very firm. Not

very tart. Not exceedingly productive.

“'ould set sparingly.



Sample—Plant vigorous, a little more

so than Candy and foliage more dense.

Berry firm, though softer than Gandy or

Aroma, and darker than either, also more

elongated, and tips ripen better than

Gandy. Look very rich in the box. Seeds

yellow, imbedded in the pulp. Flavor

rather tart. Seeds not as conspicuous as

Candy, and season a day or two earlier.

\Vorthy of a further trial.



Aroma—Plant fair in vigor, foliage

rather light, and not dense. Makes about

enough runners, with plants well spaced.

Berries nearly all large and uniform and

perfect, well filled and ripened at tip.

Shape rotmdish, slightly conical. Seeds

not especially conspicuous. Calyx medi-

um and green. Color of berry a dark

pink of a very pretty shade, looking Well

in the crate thrown in loose, so calyx

sets them off, or faced with calyx down.

Fruit lies on ground and.is subject to

rot in wet weather. Yield is not exces-

sive, but berries of good size and pickers

like to pick them. A firm berry, it makes

a good shipper, and is tart enough for a

fair canner. It will continue to be our

leading late berry as long as it does as

well as it has thus far.



Parker Earle—Foliage rather light and

scant. Not so healthy as some. Plant

makes few plants and short runners, and

tends to grow in hills. Berries rather

light colored, pear shaped, small to medi-

um, very numerous. Seeds brownish and

on outside. Would not set except for

further trial in a limited way.



President—Vine thrifty. Large pro-

ducer of rather light red berries, very

waxy. with rather few yellow seeds well

imbedded in flesh. Stern and hull small.

Flavor rather tart. Berries quite firm,

nearly round, a litte flattened length-





wise. -Quite regular. .It is worthy of fur-

ther trial. . ‘



New. York, Pride of Michigan, Hum-

mer, Dorman.—'These plants were ob-

tained from one of “the largest growers in

our state but so far as I can determine

are practically the same. and one de-

scription will answer for all, as I have

them: Plant thrifty, large, dark leaves,

good strong plant maker. Berries rather

light colored, one side light, even when

ripe. Large at base, tapering somewhat,

and often irregular. Seeds greenish-yel-

low, turning brownish, partially imbed-

ded. Calyx green, medium in size. Me-

dium to heavy yielder of mostly large

but very soft berries that are very sweet,

and excellent for table use if used‘soon

after picking. Promising for local retail

trade.



Dunlap—Plant very thrifty and quite

productive of runners but not so much

so as \Varfield. Leaves very dark, plant

upright, holding fruit well off ground.

Fruit hidden by leaves. Stands drouth

well, also wet weather. Fruit pear to

spindle shaped, with decided neck. Very

dark, and makesexcellent canning ber—

ry.» Quite firm, and a fair shipper. Not

exceedingly productive, but berries are

large at beginning of season and hold

their size very well and their quality

fully to end. About the best medium

season berry we have found. Will con-

tinue to set heavily of it.'



VVarfield.—Plants have

leaves and make many runners, too

many for convenience. Plants rather

small unless kept in hills of narrow rows.

Berries of fair size at first but soon run

small. Shape roundish, slightly elongat-

ed. Color very dark when quite ripe and

will keep long on the plant. Berries look

waxy when quite ripe or on standing.

Will yield a large number of berries and





rather curling





 





Orchard. Tillage and Spraying are the Foundation of





Fruit Culture.





quarts of excellent quality for canningf





btit trade thinks them too small after

mid season, and pickers do not like to

pick them. Ripens about same as Dan-

lap, in early mid season.

Haverland.—Plant quite vigorous, but

foliage light and rather scanty. Fruit

medium to large, light in color, soft, but

very good for table use, long, but ripens

well to tip. A good yielder. Berries lie

on ground. Has proved a good table

berry for local trade. ‘Vorthy of con-

tinuing. S. B. HARTMAN.





 





SACRIFICING THE FRUITS.

The principle, or lesson illustrated here

has many applications. We leave to the

reader the applying thereof and simply





cite the facts. A farmer, located in

Michigan, grew a fine crop of strawber-

ries. All the work, from breaking the





ground to the picking of the crop and

the packing thereof, was executed With

skill and care. Now he takes the fine

berries, loads them upon a springless

wagon and starts on a several mile jaunt

to the market. The constant jarring

given the fruit in the retainers has di-

minished its value one-half. The use of

springs upon his wagon wofild have ov-

ercome the difiiculty; it would have saved

the other half of the fruit. This little

neglect cancelled one-half the good re-

sulting from his summer‘s work. He

would have realized as large gross re-

ceipts, and delivered as good product to

his customer had he provided his wagon

with the suggested equipment and spent

less time and care in the strawberry

patch. We do not wish to deprecate the

value and need of skill and care in the

strawberry patch, but it does seem in-

consistent, unwise and unbecoming of a

farmer of this age to sacrifice his fruits

after they have been produced, gathered

and packed for delivery. )





L





 





I





' % power than any other cutter.





 





JULY ,1, 1911.





Plan montlontho menu-n Pol-nut when





wrlflflt to advertisers.

sw'EE’TEN THE LANw





 





Our agricultural colleges and the ablest

authorities—men who are qualified to

speak from practical experience—declare

that it certainly is profitable to sow

granular lime. The trouble‘has been that

machines for handling this product, as

well as nitrate of soda, land plaster, dry

wood ashes and commercial fertilizers,

had not been, strictly speaking, a suc—

cess. These materials are hard to sow,

and the sowing requires a machine that

will spread the materials evenly over the

surface of the ground. The Farmers’~

Favorite Broadcast Lime and Fertilizer

Sower, manufactured by The American

Seeding - Machine Co., Incorporated,

Springfield, Ohio, is a success, and it is

guaranteed to handle the above materials

in wide range of quantities. The bene-

fits of these fertilizing agents are, with-

out doubt, intended for the soil and not

especially for the seed. Therefore, it

naturally follows that the best results

are obtained by fertilizing all the soil

from which the plants obtain their

growth and sustenance. We must admit

the logic in this method, because the

practices in Europe, where the crops av—

erage more per acre than they do in this

country, are in direct line with it. We

urge our readers to send to the manu—

facturers for a copy of their Farmers’

Favorite Broadcast Lime and Fertilizer

Sower booklet. \Vhen you have looked

into this matter, go to your implement

dealer and insist on seeing the Farmers’

Favorite, the machine that is guaranteed

to do all the manufacturers claim for it.’





 





,///4/T/,4

H E PA P E C





 





cutter that can be depended upon to

% do good work under all conditions.





Z mam-m Elana





. ' , /

% Here's the only blower onsllago %

/





Cuts and elevates silage witfinloss

as

/ to set up and Operate; no wood tg

/ twist and warp; elevates over 50 foot /



/ without clogging. Write for booklet,

% “How to Prepare Bnailage,” rnnn.

/ mac meme co., In so, Shorisllllo. M.

Distributing Points:

Toledo, Ohio, Columbia, Ohio.

Indianapolis, Indiana.





WW





SELLING AGENTS

WANTED-





Good, live, high grade representatives

wanted in all fruit growing sections in

the United States to handle the





Bolton Orchard Heater





for the coming season. A liberal com-

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the pioneer in its line, is the cheapest and

today stands without a peer.



Address, with references,





THE FROST PREVENTION 00.,

Bank of may Building, San Francisco, Cal.





CIDER PRESSES





The Original Mt. Gilead Hydraulic Prou





produces more cider from less

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G MONEY AKER. Sizes

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cider evaporators, apple-

butter cookers, vinegar

generators, etc;

CATALOGUE FREE.

TEE HYDRAULIC PRESS MPG. 00.

131 Lincoln Ave“ Mt. Gilead. Ohio,





 

 

 

 





 





 





   

   

 

 

 

 

 





 

 





 





lURBHARIJ HOMES !





DEVERS, Liberty County, TEXAS





A New Gulf Coast Disirlct to Be Opened This Fall





FIGS and PECANS will be planted to a limited

acreage. Secure an option now on a choice location





DEVERS DEVELOPMENT CO.

1327 Willlamoon Bldg.. Cleveland, Ohio.





SCIENTIFIC R U PTUR E:CU R E





Don't Won- 0 Con-on Inn of

Ayplhlu Dr. Appley'o Scientific op-

pl noel -~ movable pldl conform to

ovary kind of rupture, no matter how

unto. No under anI, spring! or

-o¢hot “trying features. Worn with

some oom art no In old r of shoot.

(lull-t oflooorwrlto for bo’zlklot. My

attendant for women and children.





61-68 pifgflfiugflmmm





 

 

 

 

 

 





 





or over . 0 n.





 





soil forinoo lati i '



or bacteria 1for Swgifiinir‘éfi



of alfalfag‘itgo-lb. nooks 760, half ton

250 no t. a r f ‘b' m





or owt.

. row. harm. Oonfun lph .

including Colon o. Lillie. Casi: :vit'iiegtrgrfflkefinmw'





A. 808, HUDSONVILLB. MIC H
t





J ULY 1, 1911.





 





;‘_GRANGE





“MAAAAAAAA A'AAAAAAAA





Our Motto—“The Farmer is of more

consequence than the farm, and should be

first improved."





'A-A? A A





 





 





THE JULY PROGRAMS.





 





Suggestions for First Meeting.



“Education is to know for the sake of

living not to live for the sake of know-

ing.”



Instrumental music.



What shall we do with and for small

rural schools?



General discussion.





Recitation.

Is there adequate provision made for





farm children’s play—1. At home? 2. At

school?





Appointment of committee to visit

schools (to report in October).



Some reliable disinfectants.



Sunny Hits, by three men and three

women.



Reading, “A Prayer for a. Country





Communityfll by Chaplain.

Closing song.





 





POMONA M EETINGS.





 





Ingham County.



Ingham‘ Co. Pomona was entertained

by Holt Grange, at Mason, FridaY. June

23. A creditable attendance and a good

program made the meeting a successful

one despite the extreme heat. Nearly all

of the 15 Granges of the county were

represented at the business session held

during the forenoon, and all were report-

ed in flourishing condition. Four mem—

bers of W'est Handy Grange in Liv-ing-

ston, and one from Oneida Grange in

Eaton county, were present.



Holt Patrons furnished dinner for near-

ly 100 visitors, after which an open ses-

sion was held, the meeting being called

to order by Pomona Master J. M. Bedell,

of Lansing. The .opening song was fol-

lowed by prayer by the chaplain, Mrs.

Mary Pratt, of Lansing. Then came the

addreSs of welcome by Herbert Gunn, of





Delhi, with response by Manley Van

Auker, of Leslie. ,



Mrs. Roy’ Robb read one of Lowell‘s

poems and George Hume, of Lansing,

gave a talk on reciprocity and other sub-

jects. He advanced the thought that





many city people look down on the farmer

when he appears in his working apparel,

but instead the farmer should be hon-

.ored, no. matter what his garb, for his

profession.requires more years of thor-

ough prep/gration than any other. While

a-good dcptor can be made in four years.

a goodqyfmmer cannot be made in that

tim'e,.nor even a good farm hand. And

this taco-ls one cause of the scarcity of

men to be hired for farm work. He con-

trasted the Japanese way of farming

with the American, and, while they beat

us in keeping down weeds, they are as

rapidly as possible sending their young

men to this country to be educated in

our agricultural colleges. He dwelt at

some length on the prodigality of Ameri-

can farmers.



Walter loot, of Lansing, took issue

with Mr. Hume in regard to his state-

ment that city people look down on farm~

ers and said that only snobs do that. He

also said that many parents who are

compelled to live in cities would be

heartily glad could their boys be trans-

ferred from the sin and crime they are

compelled to see in the congested dis—

tricts, to the pure, moral and physical

air of the farm.



Mrs. Catherine Cole, of Leroy, then

gave a reading, followed by a paper by

Mrs. E. NV. Davis, of Lansing, on

“Socialism in America.” In this Mrs.

Davis quoted from several great states—

men and gave a sketch of Victor Berger,

socialist congressman from Wisconsin.

Mr. VanAuker thought the subject should

be given thought and study, as it will

soon be one of the great questions that

will confront us. His idea was that all

societies are socialistic in nature.



The parcels post was discussed by J.

M. Bedell, and the system in different

sections explained and compared. Miss

Fern X‘Vilcox, of Lansing, gave imper—

sonations of some characters in “Mrs.

\Viggs of the Cabbage Patch," and was

encored. Mr. Root again sang, after

which the meeting adjourned.



Although Holt Grange is a compara-

tively young Grange it received much

commendation for the entertainment fur-

nished.



Kent County.



Early in June Kent Pomona held a

very successful meeting with Thornapple

Valley Grange. In welcoming the Po-

mona, Bro. G. A. Kriger, master of

Thornapple Valley said: “Let us leain

more and better ways to conduct our

business. Farming is our business. As

such it is up to us to make it profitable.

Nothing can be slighted on the farm and

have satisfactory results. The farmer

must do well his part, and the reciprocity

agreement with our national neighbors

has to be fought by the farmers. Let

us join hands with our state master and

not vote for any man who votes to im-

poverish the farmer for the millionaire

manufacturer." Pomona Master Mc—

Naughton, in responding, said he was

glad to find Thornapple Valley Grange in

such prosperous condition after the dis—

couraging outlook of two years ago, He

was glad to find the Grange with a

membership of over 60 farmers and their

wives- .



Pomona Lecturer Mrs. Earl Curtis said

that at every meeting of the Pomona it





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.‘





had been planned to have a theme; the





theme of this meeting was “Opportunity."





She then recited a beautiful poem called

”Opportunity." A solo by Miss ‘Ethel

Thompson was given and appreciated

greatly. Earl Curtis handled the sub-

ject of “What we Ought to do to

Make Things Better on the Farm,"

in a masterful manner. He said in part:

"First, we must all be enthusiastic mem-

bers of a Grange. We should study legis-

lation and reciprocity; we must not be

selfish. To make a better farm all must

be members of a Grange, and that women

add refinement and dignity to the order.

Make our boys and girls our associates;

teach the boy to love the farm by being

a boy yourself sometimes. Let the boy

understand he is a part of that farm,

and let every child have a duty and he

will soon begin to assume responsibility.

The things a farmer has to contend with

should be called to the attention of his

boys and girls and they will soon take a

deeper interest in the things around them.

Take several farm papers and study

them; get the boys interested in them.

Make the farm a pleasure for the boys

and girls and they will love the old

home."



Mrs. J. Preston told how to make bet—‘

ter homes. She said the time has come

when the farmer can have all the modern

conveniences of the city home. The

farmer must have a sanitary home, with

doors and windows screened. He should

have all the little devices to shorten and

lighten the work; have plenty of flowers

to enhance the beauties of home. She

advised the good wife to take a day off

occasionally and go picnicking, and if

there are children in the home they will

enjoy it with her and in after years will

look back to all such pleasures.



The lecturer then introduced Mrs. E.

J. Creyts, state speaker, from Lansing,

who addressed the Grange on the

“Science of Right Living." She said we

must first look on the bright side of life,

and she hoped we all had chosen the

bright and beautiful. She spoke highly

of the advance Grange programs. They

help those on the program to prepare

their subjects. Speaking not from a

scientific point but only as a farmer's

wife, she said, we must surround our

homes with the beautiful things of na-

ture; cultivate fruits and care for and

consider the dumb animals. As an es-

sential to good health we must have pure

air and proper, nutritious food, and avoid

intemperance in eating and drinking. She

wished that all farm boys could belong

to some organized sports, because it

teaches the boys the meaning of organi-

zation, and we farmers must organize,

co-operate and Work together the same as

people in other lines of business. In

speaking of one of the greatest achieve—

ments of the Grange, free rural mail de—

livery, she said: “We must have more

of a social spirit. The farmers who al-

ways stay at home and grind, and never

get out are the discontented ones. We

need. better -education; acquire that

knowledge and diffuse it. Do something

to help somebody. Come into the Grange

and find wisdom, for if we search for it

we will find it. We have elementary

principles of farming in our schools. This

is what the Grange is doing, keeping in

touch with the schools. We are taught

the great lesson of faith, hope and char—

ity; taught to build up body, mind and

soul. We are taught to build up a poor

farm and make it a place of beauty, and

we are also taught to build up our body

and make it beautiful. \Ve must follow

the teachings of our order. We do need

time for rest and recreation. Meet peo-

ple, broaden out, gather sunshine and

roses, love one another, gather the roses

and avoid the thorns." In speaking of

reciprocity, she said we must not have

that. Vl'e need to organize more now

than ever before.



Rev. M. L. Bocher, of Grand Rapids,

gave a short talk and named the new

Thornapple Grange hall (which they ex-

pect to build soon) the Incubator, where

many good things were to be hatched out

for the benefit of its members. The ques-

tion box was opened by A. T. Dean and

one of the many questions discussed was,

“Does the success of a Grange depend

upon its lecturer?" It was answered by

the lecturer of Kent county, who said:

"Lecturers should always keep some—

thing doing along the line of lecture work.

Do not take a summer vacation. Be an

inspiration to your Grange. The lecturer

has to work hard, and lecturer and mas-

ter‘should work together.”



At the close of this session resolutions

thanking Thornapple Valley Patrons for

their entertainment. and commending the

course of Grange officials, both state and

national. in regard to reciprocity were

drafted and enthusiastically adopted. After

supper Mrs. Creyts, taking the theme of

this meeting, “Opportunity," delivered

an address to a crowded hall.





Calhoun Pomona held a meeting at

Battle Creek, Thursday, June 8, at which

a proposal to conduct a corn contest the

coming fall for the benefit of the young

Patrons of the county was discussed. In

view of an anticipated advance in tele-

phone rates the members discussed the

feasibility of establishing their own tele-

phone exchange. A conference of the

lecturers of the county was also held

with the State Lecturer in charge.





COMING EVENTS.





 





 





Pomona Meetings.



Lenawee Co., with German Grange

Thursday, Aug. 3. Annual Grange rally.



Gratiot Co., with Arcadia Grange, Sat-

urday, Aug. 5. Miss Jennie Buell, state

speaker.



Charlevoix Co., with Boyne

Grange, Thursday, Aug. 10.





River





Kent Co. farmers’ annual picnic, at

John Ball park, Wednesday, Aug. .

Former State Master Horton, state





speaker.





W





 





f, FARMERS’ owns}





OFFICERS OF THE STATE ASSOCIA-

TION OF FARMERS’ CLUBS.





 





President—B. A. Holden, Wixom.



Vice—Pres, J. D, Leland, Corunna.



Secretary—Mrs. C. P. Johnson, Meta-

mora.



Treasurer—Mrs. Lewis Sackett, Eckford.



Directors—A. R. Palmer, Jackson; Wm.

H. Marks, Fair Haven; C. L. Wright,

Caro; E. W. Woodruff, Blanchard; C. P.

Johnson, Metamora; Patrick Hankerd,

Munith.





Address all communications relative to

the organization of new Clubs to Mrs. C.

P. Johnson. Metamora, Mich.





 





Associations! Motto.—

The skillful hand, with cultured mind.

is the farmer's most valuable asset.





 





Amciatlonal Sentiment.—



’1‘he farmer, he garners from (he loll

the primal wealth of nations.



The Rives and East Tompkins Farm-

ers' Club, of Jackson county, will hold a

Club picnic at Pleasant Lake on the first

Saturday in August, in place of the regu-

lar Club meeting.





THE SUMMER PICNIC.





 





As noted in a recent issue, we would

appreciate it as a favor if the corres-

ponding secretary of every local Farmers’

Club in the state which will hold a sum-

mer picnic as a special feature meeting

this season would advise us of the date

an‘d location of the same at the earliest

possible date. That will facilitate the

publication of notices of such meetings

in this column, thereby adding to their

success and attendance, and proving an

inspiration to other organizations to fol-

low their lead in this respect. V‘Ve would

also like brief reports of such meetings

as promptly as possible after they are

held. The summer pit‘hic has proven a.

valuable feature for the increasing num-

ber of Clubs that have included such an

event in their regular work in recent

years, and too much publicity cannot be

given to them and the good results which

are derived therefrom.





YEARLY PROGRAMS.





 





The Ingham County Farmers’ Club.



The yearly program of the Ingham

County Farmers’ Club. for 1911 is a tasty

little booklet of vest pocket size. On its

cover page appears simply the name of

the Club and the year for which the pro-

gram serves. On the inside of the cover

is printed u list of the oiliccrs for the

current your. (in the title page appears

the name of the Hub, the year for which

the program serves and an announcement





of the fili‘l that the regular meetings

occur on the sou-onll Saturday of each

month with llli‘ cxccption of July, in

which month no meeting is held. The





following page is doVoch to an appropri-

ate quotation from Daniel \\'ebster, “Let





us never forgot that the cultivation of

the soil is the most important labor of

man.” The sum-ceding pages are devoi-





ed to the announcement of the monthly

program5_ two of which appear on each

page. The farms of the members are

named and the name of the farm appears

in connection with that of the host and

hostess in each case. 111 practically cvery





program two subjects are announced for

discussion, and tho numcs of the mem—

bers who will loud the discussions are an-

nounced. In pruciicuILv ovcry instance a

question for disrussiou by the ladies is

included, thus denoting that the ladies





take an unusually active part in the de-

liberations of this Club. Papers and

select readings and recitations are pro-

vided for in the printed programs, while

the arrangements for the music at. the

several meetings throughout the year is

left for a. committee to work out. The

questions announced for discussion are

both practical and timely, and are quite

generally of a nature to make the discus-

sions educational as well as entertaining.

The special feature events are some of

them rather novel, such as that for June,

which meeting is devoted to a general

rally of honorary members, of which this

Club has a long list, due to the fact that

it is the oldest organization of the kind in

the state, as well as to the fact that it

has for years been the custom of the

Club to add to its roll of honorary mem-

bership the names of prominent men who

have been instrumental in the advance-

ment of agriculture in the state, or who

have distinguished themselves by some

signal service which entitles them to such





(19) 19 .

recognition by a representative farmers'

organization. Young People's Day is cel-

ebrated in August, while Women's Day

occurs in November. The calendar year V

is made the fiscal year of the Club, which

brings the annual meeting in December.

At this meeting the general topic is

“Emergencies," and the topics-assigned

for discussion are such as are fitting for

the close of an old year and the com-

mencement of a new. The last page of

the program contains a list of the stand-

ing committees of the Club. The booklet,

as a whole, is apparently the product of

an experience which has eliminated the

superfluous in a. program of this kind, yet

has included all the essentials in a con-

venient and compact form, while good

paper is used, thereby adding to the ser-

vice as well as the appearance of the

booklet.





 





CLUB DISCUSSIONS.





 





Discuss Miscellaneous Subjects—The

members of the Burton Farmers' Club

and a number of invited guests were cor-

dially welcomed to the home of Mr. and

Mrs. M. L. Peterson on Thursday, June

8. The names of Mr. and Mrs. Albert

Schultz were voted on and Mr. and Mrs.

Schultz were unanimously accepted as

members. “How may humus best be put

into the soil, plowed under or top-dress-

ed?” Mr. Brookins has always had bet-

ter results by plowing it under. “Are the

young men in the country up to the same

standard in education, refinement and

general culture as the young women?"

Mrs. Putnam thinks the country boys are

and presented many good points on the

subject. Mrs. Fauth and Mrs. Getmau

discussed the use of the vacuum cleaner.

They like it very much as an aid to

housecleaning, but they would not advise

purchasing a cheap one. Mrs. Henry

Schultz presented some good ideas on

reading for young women. She would

advise their reading the old books. “What





trade, profession or occupation “'Ullltl be

least missed it“ eliminated from modern

life?” Mr. Putnam said he had thought

very seriously on the subject and had





decided that the agent Would be the least

missed. Mr. Peterson and Harold Sher—

man each sang a song which all enjoyed.

The Club adjourned to meet the first.

Thursday in July with Mr. and Mrs.

Henry Schultz.





The Farmers’ Education.»—The Deer-

iield Farmers‘ Club met at the home of

C. E. Emery on “l'rospect llill” in South-

east Deerlield, Thursday, .lune 16. Pros-

ident T. is. .Bozer called the meeting 'to

order and after the opening exercises

the members listened to an address of

welcome by C. E. Emery, that made all

feel that they were welcome to his beau—

tiful home. Response was made by John

\\'ykes, who accepted the welcome in be—.

half of the Club. lie took off his hat

when he saw the American llug iloating

in the breeze as he came in sight of their

home. Dinner was next on the program

and all took part in that as if they en-l

joyed it, as it was good enough to set

before the king, and plenty of it. After

the social hour the program was again

taken up. The roll call was responded to

by naming some favorite fruit that was

quite amusing. The topic, “Educate the

farmer but upon What lines?" was led by

N. V. Coomer. Discussion was led by

Henry Ward, followed by G. I). Brown,

C. E. Emery and John W'ykes and oth-

ers. All had different ideas but the

greatest was to make the most of our

time so the farmer could afford to leave

his work occasionally and take a day off

for recreation at some picnic, Club, or

Fourth of July.



The Children’s Education.——“Should our

children be taught the art of nursing the

sick?" was led by Mrs. G. I). Brown.

The topic was discussed by Mrs. Eli

Smith, Mrs. Delos Kent, Mrs. John

\\'ykes, and others. Each told of their ex—

periences where children knew just what

to (lo. It is getting to be now-a—days

quite an art of nursing the sick and quite

a few are taking up the work, especially





girls. They should learn how to nurse

people with different diseases. The ques-

tion box was in charge of G. R. Clark





and was interesting. The Club members

accepted an invitation to come to “High-

land Park" to celebrate the Fourth of

July. The Club accepted the invitation

to meet at the home of Charles Garrett,

near Goldwater Lake, the third Thursday

in August. A vote of thanks was ex-

tended to Mr. Emery and family for their

hospitality in entertaining the Club, also

the visitors. There will be no Club meet-

ing in .luly.~»Mrs. N. V. Coomer, Sec.



Will Hold Club Picnic—The Rives and

East Tompkins Farmers’ Club met at the

beautiful and spacious “Friendly Home"

of Jackson, June 10. The meeting was

called to order by the president, and after

Singing “Beulah Land,” it was decided

to hold a Club picnic at Pleasant Lake

the first Saturday in August in place of

the regular meeting. After the appoint-

ing of committees the program was ren-

dered. Judge Smith gave an address and

was followed by a comet solo by Mrs.

Anna Lynch. A good literary and musi-

cal program followed. A song by the

Club completed the program. Ice cream

and cake was served to about 50, While

Mrs. Lynch very beautifully played sev—

eral selections on the comet during the

repast. The Club members were shown

through the home and all were unanimous

in praises of its comfort and convenience.

Mrs. Ina Stringham, Cor. eSc.
20 (2°)





(Continued from page 3).

that that time of the year is his harvest





and he endeavors to apply himself stren- ‘





uously to business. \Vhen warm weather

comes his business naturally falls off

because the farmer’s business begins.

That is the time for the business man to

take his vacation and fortunately it

comes at the time of the year when he

can get his outing with the most pleas-

ure. But it is just the reverse with the

farmer. As much as he would like to

do it, it is practically business suicide

for him to attempt to leave his farm and

his home and spend a. month at some

summer resort or at some quite out of

the way, secluded place, because if he

does he neglects his business; he can‘t

help it. He ought to be there every day

pushing things. looking after things,

therefore, the farmer ought to be and

must be, a philosopher on this question.

He must realize that it is his duty to

attend to business at. the time when the

business demands it, and he must cut

short his days of pleasure and recreation

in the summer time and feel that his

time for recreation is in the winter time

when nature, so far as he is concerned,

stands still.



I don’t want my meaning to be con-

strued to mean that the farmer should

work every single day of the summer.

He probably can well afford to take a

day off now and then, or an evening, but

to tigure on taking an extended vacation,

to iigure on spending a month or an

entire week away from his business dur—

ing the growing season of the year, is

poor business to say the least. Even the

farmer who is fore handed and who has

the means and does not have to do much

physical work upon his farm, simply to

give it general supervision. cannot afford

to be away from the farm for any con—

siderable length of time during the sum-

mer. If he does, his business gets away

from him. He may have money enough

so that he will not come to want but he

will not do his business as well as he

could do it, as well as he ought to do it.

if he is away from it. it will be neglect—

ed. As a matter of business, he ought

not to do it. That sort of a farmer

could better afford to give his attention

during the growing season to his farm

and in the winter time spend a month or

two in Florida or a. month or two in Cal-

ifornia and get his recreation and va-

cation then. Even if he is a dairyman

or a stock farmer and therefore has

plenty of work to do in the winter time,

this work can be systematized so that it

can be done by hired labor, and done

t'airly satisfactorily. \Vhile, on the other

hand, the continual changes that are

coming up all the while. during the grow—

ing season are such that it is impossible

to get the work done as one would like

to have it done and to get it done in the

most profitable and economical way with-

out his individual attention chry day.

Consequently, he should plan not not

lt-ave his work for any considerable

length of time. He ought to keep in

touch with it all the while, but in the

winter time he can plan his work in the

samc routine, :1 change in the weather

makes but very little difference. It is

the same work, day in and day out, prac-

tically, and he, can arrange this kind of

work and leave it in competent hands so

that it will be done, even if he is gone

for a considerable length of time. There—

t'orc, the farmer ought to plan to take

the most of his recreation during the

winter time rather than the summer

time.



Many a man has tried to do the busi—

ness part and much of the physical labor

of farming and keep his end up in so-

cit‘ly at the same time. This is abso—

lutely impossible. It has been the ruina—





7

tion of more than one man, and many of:





the most promising young business men

tall by the wayside because they attempt

to do this. They cannot be a success. in

socicty and :1 success in business at the

same time, and neither can the farmer.

\ud so, during the summer time, if the

farmer attempts to take part in all the

social functions, it he is a member of a

great many of thc sccret societies and

farmers‘ organizations, if he attempts to

carry this work on regularly and sys-

tematically and do his best at it to keep

up in it, he must figure that he will neg—

ncct his business, farming. it is im—

possible for the same man to do both

these at the same time and make a suc-

pess out of each. He must choose which

he will do, and therefore, the good busi-

ness man, and consequently the good

farmer, will plan to forego as much sum-

mer social duties and recreation as pos—

sible, and attend strictly to his business.

COLON C. LILLIE.





 





 





 





 





 





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