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' The Only Weekly Agric ltural, Horticultural, and Live” Stock Journal in the State.





 





ivm" cxxxvu. No.2. ;

Whole Number 3555.





, DETROIT. MICH" SATURDAY, JULY 8. 1911.





381.00 A YEAR. ,

$2.75 FIVE YEARS.





Pastures, Catch Crops and Cover Crops.





UR topic for special discussion in

0 July deals with a problem, the

importance of which is better ap-

preciated by the average farmer at this

season of the year than any other. Over

a. considerable section of. the state the

pastures are now unusually poor for this

season of- the year, owing to the severe

drought of last year and the untimely dry

weather of last spring, and upon many

farms throughout the country, as is the

case each year, the problem of maintain-

ing the stock in good condition and secur—

ing a good growth upon the young ani-

mals or profitable production from the

cows is a serious one. While it is now

too late in the season to avoid the pres-

ent condition, where a shortage of pas-

ture now exists, it is the best possible

time to study the pasture problem in all

its phases since, as above noted, it is the

season of the year above all others when

the importance of that problem is most

fully appreciated by the average farmer.

In the consideration of this important

problem, our attention should first be»

directed toward solving the difficult point

as to how far We should depend upon

pastures for the summer maintenance of

the__iive"stock kept upon the farm. In the





-





writer; opinion, the tanner of the futuré‘x





will depend upon pastures far less than

the average farmer of the present does,

and for several reasons. The first of

these reasons is that a given amount of

land will not maintain nearly as much

stock when used as pasture as it will

when forage crops are grown upon it for

scillng purposes or for the silo, hence it

will come to be considered poor economy

to keep sufl‘icient land in pasture to carry

the stock kept on the farm during the

entire summer. In\ this connection it is

well to consider the fact that pastures are

not a wholly dependable source of sum-

mer feed, since they are. quickly affected

by dry weather, and even in a normal

season there will be flush feed in the

spring and a scarcity of forage in mid-

summer which necessitates a degree of

supplementary feeding if the best results

are to be secured with the live stock. The

dairy farmers as a class have come to

appreciate this fact more quickly and

more fully than any other class of l}ve

stock farmers, since they have a daily

demonstration of the effect of good feed

or dried up pastures on the profits of

their business, and more dairymen an-

nually plan on putting up enough silage

to provide for supplementary summer

feed, while those who do not take this





precaution are everywhere found to re—

sort to soiling as a means of keeping up

the milk flow, and thus the income from

their dairy herds. Other classes of live

stock producers are also more prone to

provide supplementary summer pasture

crops than ever before, although soiling

or the supplementary feeding of silage

has not yet become common except with

dairy farmers. But the prevailing ten-

dency is in that direction, and its trend

is sufficiently strong to indicate that as

more intensive agriculture is developed

in our country, live stock owners will de-

pend less upon pasture and more upon

supplementary feeding in the economic

production of‘ live stock as well as dairy





treading of stock when it is wet in the

spring of the year, it dries out and bakes

the more readily later in the season. This

tendency is increased by the close graz-

ing which is generally practiced during

the midsummer shortage of forage. and

the physical condition of the soil is fur—

ther affected by exposure without cover

to the scorching midsummer sun. \Vhen,

in connection with this injurious effect,

we consider that much of the essential

elements of plant food contained in the

pasture grass is consumed in the proc-

esses of animal digestion, aside from that

which is represented in the growth of the

bones and muscles of the animals them—

selves, and that such plant food as is





 





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Drawing Wheat on the Farm of S. B. Hartman, of Calhoun Co. ’See page 22).





products, although pastures will, of

course, always remain a necessary factor

to the summer maintenance of all kinds

of live stock.



Another reason for the above opinion is

that as soil management is developed

into a more exact science, we believe that

it will become a generally recognized

principle that the pasturing of arable

fields as now practiced is not conducive

to the conservation or increase of their

fertility. Notwithstanding the fact that

the opinion is quite generally held by

practical farmers that the pasturing of

land with live stock is one of the best

available means of restoring its lost fer-

tility, this opinion is neither in accord

with scientific principles, nor demonstrat-

ed by results in actual practice. Where

the land is poached and pacxed by the





returned to the soil in the form of drop-

pings from the stock is bunched under

the shade trees rather than scattered

evenly over the field, it is plainly evident

that any gain in the fertility of the soil

in a pasture iicld must come from the

making of the inert plant food which it

already contains available through the

processes of nature. But the conditions

are not favorable in the average pasture

field for these processes to operate Willi

any degree of rapidity. Nature, in her

slow but sure processes of soil building

and renovating, keeps the surface pro-

tected in some manner at all times. The

plants that grow up go back on the

ground as a mulch, and when trees oc-

cupy the land the leaves are dropped to

its surface to form vegetable mold. For

best results pastures should not he grazed





so closely as to deprive the surface of

the ground of all covering. A mulch up-

on tho surface of the soil, be it ever so

light, has a beneficial effect. Aside from

preventing the evaporation of the soil

moisture to a considerable degree, it

seems to promote the fertility of the

soil, probably through the more favorable

conditions which it affords for the multi—

plication and work of beneficial soil bac-

teria. Every farmer has noticed how

thriftily the grass grows up through a

small pile of brush, even on an old sod,

yet there can be no actual addition of

plant food to the soil by this mcans

which would produce such prompt results.

The protection to the soil simply aids

nature in her mysterious processes by

which the inert plant food in the soil is

made available for the growing grass. A

thin application of struw will produce

similar results, and where potato vines

are left on the ground over winter in

rows as the diggc’lrs have thrown them





aside and rukcd up and removed in the

spring, a diffcrcucc can be seen in the





thrifty manner in which the oats or other

spring grain starts up and grows on the

protected spots. Even a board laid upon

the surface of the ground will produce

noticeable results in the thrift of the

grass about it and under it‘wh'en it is

removed after a time. Thus an old pas-

ture field must have an occasional appli-

cation of stable manure, or have left on

it some covering of grass and be given an

occasional dressing of commercial fer-

tilizer if it is to be kept up to :1 maximum

production of forage, and if the fertility

of the soil itself is to be conserved and

improved. This, in the writer’s opinion,

will be the ultimate solution of the pas-





‘ture problem on most dairy farms and





cattle breeding and feeding farms, i. e.

a permanent pasture of moderate extent

which is kept up to a high standard of

production by proper fertilization and

care, and supplementary feeding through-

out practically the entire season, with

little and preferably no pasturing of the

iiclds devoted to the regular crop rotation.

The present scarcity and comparatively

high price of farm labor will prove a, fac-

tor in delaying this evolution, but in time

we believe this plan will be the rule,

rather than the exception, upon the av-

erage farm in the more highly developed

portions of the state at least.



In the case of the farmer who keeps

shccp this plan will not be as generally

adaptable, since sheep will not do as well

when pastured year after year in a per-





 





 





 





 





The Farmstead at Pleasant View Stock Farm,





 





 





Hllladale County, Mich.





 





 





Home of Mr. and Mrs. i. F. Ever-sole.
22 ' (2)





' manent pasture as will other stock. But

with sheep the need of care in too close

grazing is more pressing than with cat:

tie, since they are closer grazers. With

sheep the need of supplementary forage

crops is imperative, and here rye and

rape and perhaps turnips and other suc-

culent' forage crops should be used to

help out and give the fields pastured a

rest during the midsummer season and in

the late fall. And in time we believe that

hurdling the sheep over the supplement—

ary pasture crops, if not soiling them in

a barn lot, will be more generally prac-

ticed, as it now is in many of the coun-

tries of the old world. There is room

for and need of a serious study of this

problem of supplementary forage crops,

both for soiling purposes and as a pasture

for the live stock maintained on the farm

by every Michigan Farmer reader, not

forgetting the hogs, on which a greater

saving in cost of production can be made

by this means than with any other class

of live stock maintained on the farm.

Space will not permit extended comment

on the crops which may be best used for

this purpose, nor would such a discussion

be profitable, since their adaptability and

the purpose for which they are required

is such a variable factor in individual

cases, but the purpose of this article will

be served if the reader is impressed with.

the fact that this is a productive field for

thought and experimentation.



Catch crops and cover crops serve a.

double puipose in conserving soil fertility.

They appropriate and hold in an avail-

able from the soluble plant food in the

surface soil and afford it needed protec-

tion while it is lying fallow over winter.

They also prevent loss by soil erosion on

rolling ground and furnish some vege-

table matter to be converted into humus

when plowed down the following year.

The nearer we can follow nature's plan

of keeping something growing on the land

at all times, the more nearly we will have

solved the problem of conserving soil fer-

tility, having due regard, of course, for

the needs of the soil for frequent addi-

tions of vegetable matter to maintain its

humus and promote a desirable mechan-

ical condition, which is a great factor

in soil fertility. Rye sown as early as

possible after the late crops are har-

vested, or even rape, or better yet some

legume sown in the standing corn at the

last‘eultivation when moisture conditions

are right, or, in fact, anything that will

take up a portion of the available plant

food in the soil and add to it some vege-

table matter, will serve this purpose ad-

mirably, and often will furnish some

supplementary feed for the live stock as

well. In fact, catch crops and cover

crops may be made to perform the same

service for the cultivated fields that a

cover of grass lcft on the pasture field

or a coat of coarse manure or straw ap-

plied to it do for the pasture. and, in the

writer's opinion, might be made cheap

and valuable agents in conserving soil

fertility in many cases upon the average

farm.



In conclusion, the pasture grass should

be made a cover crop to the extent of

affording a degree of protection to the

ground at seasons when such protection

is needed and to conserve the stand of





grass, \rhilc catch crops and cover crops





should be made to perform the same ser—

vice to the. fallow fields, and to provide

supplementary pasture for the stock as

Well.





THE WHEAT CROP.



'l‘hc illustration on the first page shows

a view tnkcn in one of our fields while

hauling wheat last season. This was the

sccond successive crop of wheat grown

on this field. in 1909 we threshed 276

bushels from this field of nine acres, fol-

lowing a corn crop, or 30% bushels per

acre. Last year, 1910, we thl‘eshed 280

bushels, or 31 bushels per acre. The

iicld was seeded with the last crop, but

the drought. last summer and dry spring

rendered one—fourth of it so light that

we plowed it up and planted corn. From

the remaining three-fourths we have cut

12 large loads of clover hay this season.



While I do not advocate double crop-

ping to wheat by every one, I believe that

if the ground is naturally fertile and ma-

nure is applied liberally every two years,

and a good clover sod plowed down for

corn after cutting one crop of clover,

that this rotation can be followed with—

out detriment to the soil. By following

corn with wheat we lose no time by pe-

riods of non—cropping and do’ not leave

the soil bare over winter. \Ve grow con-

siderable wheat because we need‘ the

straw for mulching berries and trees and

for exchanging for manure at the village.

We have also found it to be a cash crop





 





THE 'MlCHlGAN’ FARMER.





which pays as well for the amount of

labor involved as any farm~ crop. To

substantiate this statement I will give

the cost of growing the two wheat crops

on this nine-acre field, and the returns

from same. The 1910 crop was grown,

one—half following corn. and one-half fol-

lowing crops of hay and clover seed cut

that season. This was on account of

changing fences, thus throwing parts of

two fields together. The part following

corn is on lighter soil and was not as

heavy as that following the clover, which

was also true of the following crop.



The cost of the 1909 crop was as fol-

lows:





One-half cost of 18 loads manure...$ 4.50

One—third cost of manure hauled the





previous year ..................... 7.32

Plowing and floating east end ...... 8.25

Disking and harrowing ..... . ....... 7.00

Drilling ............................ . 2.75

Thirteen bu. seed wheat, cleaned,



at $1 ................ . ..... .. ..... 13.00

Harvesting ........................ . 9.75

Twine, 28 lbs. at Sléc per lb ........ 2.38

Hauling .................. . 13.25

Th1eshing 276 bu. at 40 ............. 11.04

Additional labor in threshing, and



coal ........... 2.50



‘ $81.74.



270 bu. wheat sold, at $1.01.... ..$272.70

Net profit ..................... $190.96

Net profit per acre ........... 21.22





The same season another field of 0%,

acres, the crop following wheat after

corn, yielded 380 bushels at a cost of

$147.52, giving a net profit of $232.48, or

$25.13 per acre. In these accounts no

charge has been made for tools used, ex-

cept binder, and taxes and interest, have

not yet been considered. I note also that

the cost of marketing has not been ad-

ded, but this is small, as we are within

ten rods of the elevator. I think the

itemized account of the last mentioned

field has been given previously in the

Michigan Farmer. The cost of the sec,—

ond crop on the field first mentioned fol-

lows:



1910 Crop of Wreat, Nine Acres.





Plowing ................ . ....... . . .$13.50

Plow points ......................... .70

Ilarrowing, three times with com-

bination harrow ................ .. 6.75

Drilling ........................... . . 2.25

Fifteen bu. seed wheat at $1.05 . . . . . 15.75

(‘leaning .............. .50

Cutting and shocking ....... 10.35

Ilse of binder ................ 5.00

Twine. 32% lbs. at 7c .............. 2.28

Hauling to barn ............ 15.00

Threshing 280 bu. at 4c ...... 1..... 11.20

Additional labor in threshing ........ 1.50

Coal ........................... . . 1.00

One-sixth of manure applied two





years before ..................... 3.60

One—third of manure applied pre- 1

Vious year ...................... .. 4.50

Marketing wheat ............... . . . . 4.50

Total cost of crop ........ . . . . . . $98.38

280 bu. wheat at 93c ..... . . . . . . . . . .$260.40

Net profit ............ . ..... ”$162 02

Net pi ont per a1 re ............. 18 00





The pait of the field shown in the pho-

tograph is the east end where the 1909

crop of wheat followed a clover sod which

was plowed after cutting the June clover

for hay, two tons per acre, and taking

the second crop for clover seed, one

bushel per acre. This made the plowing

rather late, but we got the wheat in on

the 17th of September.



The illustration shows the barns in the

background. An elevator shows over

the shed at the right, and the village lies

beyond. The residence is obscured by the

trees at the right of the barn.



Calhoun Co. S. B. HARTMAN.





 





RYE HAY.





 





I see by the Michigan Farmer that

Mr. Lillie raises a large acreage of Can-

ada peas and oats, and I would like to

ask his advice as to the right time to cut

them for hay. l have two acres, part of

which I wanted to use for hay and then

turn my hogs into the balance. The oats

are just nicely headed out, peas have just

a few pods but not many seem to be full

of blossoms. \Vould like to know the

best time to cut them for hay, and also

how soon they will make the best pas-

ture. Part of the patch is rather on the

light, order, and on those places the peas

are very small and of a sickly yellow

color. \Vhat does the ground need as to

fertilizer? \l’as in corn last year and

made a good growth, but the peas and

oats me a failure. “’hat is the best

plan to follow in curing them; mow and

leave in “indrows or cock them up and

cure that nay?



Van Buren Co. B. H.



Rye hay cut at the stage of develop—

ment as indicated by W. E. C., will make

a very good food for all kinds of stock.

Rye is a rank growing plant and has

quite a rank flavor when consumed as a.

soiling crop or in a green condition. How.

ever, when it is properly made into hay

it loses much of this flavor and can be

fed to all kinds of stock. Indeed, some

people think rye hay is a most excellent

hay. Having cut and cured it before the

kernels formed you have saved all of the





v1





food nutrients in the plants. It is very

much better than oats straw. or should

be, because in oat straw the plant has

been allowed to ripen the seed and very

much of the food nutrients of the plant

have gone. into the seed and when the

plant ripens the cellulouse portions of

woody fiber become indigestible in the

straw. Now the rye hay plant out before

it matures and cured as hay would be

much more digestible for this reason than

out straw, where the plant had been

allowed to ripen seed.



You need have no fear that good rye hay

will kill horses and you need have no

fear that the beards on rye will cause

any serious trouble to any kind of stock.

In consuming the hay the beards are

properly masticated so that they do no

harm in the digestive tract. Beards on

rye hay or barley where the plant was

allowed to ripen would be much more apt

to cause trouble than the beards on this

plant that did not ripen, because the di-

gestive fluid in the stomach and other

portions of the elementary canal will act

upon the beards as well as, on other por-

tions of the plant and soften and other-

wise make them so that there will be no

trouble whatever. In fact, it is very rare

and I cannot recall a mngle instance

where an animal has been injured by

eating beards of any kind.



COLON C. LILLIE.





CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS ON THE

FARM.





 





Fortunately, or unfortunately, as you

may look at it, I have had considerable

experience with commercial fertilizers. In

Florida, in particular, and, indeed, over

a great deal of the south, chemical fer-

tilizer is as much an agricultural neces-

sity as seed or tools. Much of the land

has a porous subsoil which does not retain

the fertilizer so it is impossible to build

up the soil and the fertilizer must be ad—

ded year after year. The most ignorant

back-woods cracker must of necessity be

educated in agricultural chemicals and,

in this respect, he will compare quite

favorably with many of the soil experts

in the colleges.



During five years that I was growing

fruits and vegetables in Florida I used 30

tons of high-grade fertilizer, costing in

excess of $1,000. This Was in addition to

pure chemicals and organic substances.

I became intensely interested in fertilizers

and the effects which could be produced

by their use upon the various plant

growths. and carried on a number of ex-

periments which are as practical here as

they were there.



All plants require in varying quantities

the three principal plant foods, nitrogen,

potash, and phosphoric. acid. Nitrogen

promotes growth and causes a rank, heal-

thy foliage. Potash produces fibrous

growth and makes sound wood or straw

and bright colored, highly flavored fruit,

while phosphoric acid is needed to de-

velop the grain or seed. These are all

needed in the physiology of the plant in

the same way that your cows need a bal—

anced ration to produce paying results in

the milk pail.



All fertilizers are organic or inorganic,

according to the source from which their

elements are dcrived, organic from life

sources, inorganic from mineral sources;

thus a complete organic fertilizer might

be made up as follows: Nitrogen derived

from cottonseed meal or dried blood, pot—





ash from tobacco dust or Peruvian guano.

phosphoric acid from caster pumace or





bone black. An inorganic formula might

depend for its nitrogen upon nitrate of

soda obtained from the nitrate mines of

Chile and Peru. l’otash is obtained from

Germany in the form of sulphate of pot-

ash, muriate of potash, kainit, and potash

salts. Phosphate rock is mined in many

of our southern states from Kentucky to

Florida and by a treatment with acid is

made available for plant use.



\‘l'ith the exception of nitrate of soda,

inorganic fertilizers are slow acting. Such

a fertilizer would be ideal for grain as

the nitrogen would be given up early in

the year while the leaf growth is promi—

nent, while the other elements would be-

come available later in the season and

at just the time when they were needed.



On the other hand, in raising a crop

llKe potatoes, it is desirable to have the

nitrogen spread over a longer growing

period and a combination of nitrate of

soda with dried blood, together with a

high per cent of potash and phosphate is

needed. In connection with this crop it

is well to remember to use sulphate of

potash and not muriate or kainit as the

two latter are liable to cause ill-shaped

tubers and scabs.



Thus it is seen that you must not only





 





 





Save Your Clover Seed.





R011 $2.00 to $5.00 more an acre an be

realized from your land if you take care

of the clover and alfalfa seed.





The Side Delivery Clover [lumber

and llay Windmvvcr





attaches to my style of mowin machine and bunches

or wind‘rows dthe hey at the will of the driver.“ you

out it. Nod tugging over the ground, threahi naout

the seed and kn 1m; oi! the leaves. Often when

clover is over- ripe, 50 per cent of the seed is lost. in

raking and teddlng.





Ills Sills Delivery Rancher l“, guaranteed ‘° P“ 1"“

tee] feverye day it mused.

in labor and seeds: smaohin has been on

the market for at t years T2111! over 63, 000 are now in

use. In cutting 0 over or alfalfa for need or for hay

or for harvesting peas, vote 11, flax. etc. , it is as im-

0 tent to the fagrmer as the land his crops grow upon.

Write for our catalogue and read what farmers

over the country say about it. Send your dealer" 1311311131





THE Tlllllllllllllllill MANUFACTUMIG 00.,

1 Deal. E, BWUIE lillEEll,





 





 





 





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1'





   

 





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the Schnlbor Mtg. 00.. Dept. 23. New, Ind.





ALFALFA





All northern grown, guaranteed to be 99 per cent

pure and free from dodd or. Write for free sample

on which we invite \ou to gel; Government tests. '1 his

seed should produce hay at. $60 per acre annually.

Free instructions on growing.





GRAIN: Allll GRASS" SEED





Northern grown and of strum“ vitality. We

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Endless ChainSlyle. Book tells lsull (acts. Write poslal now. ‘





__._._
‘W_ “A”





. , . w I , ‘ ‘ I a ,





JULY 8, 1911-.





study the analysis of your fertilizers but

the source from which they are obtained.

The best way to determine what a certain

crop needs on a special soil is to watch

the crop and note what is lacking. Then

study to remedy this lack. ‘



Perhaps some of you do not believe in

commercial fertilizers and use only stable

manure. Your land may have a reserve

fund of potash and phosphoric acid to

balance the excess of nitrogen which you

are giving it but the chances are that it

has not and you are simply wasting a

good part of‘ your manure as the plant

will take only what it can use in connec-

tion with the other elements, and the rest

will escape into the air. It is a good in-

vestment to use some fertilizer in con-

nection with stable manure.



Probably the most economical metohd

of building up poor land with commercial

fertilizers is to usethem in planting

grain crops and seed to clover. Then, if

you have the nerve to turn under the

clover, you will make permanent in your

soil much of the fertilizer value which

has not been used up.



“'hile growing citrus fruits in Florida

I tried out the following experiment,

which will show how one may study soil

analysis and crop needs at first hand in

nature's workshop. I selected four trees

of the same kind of grape fruit. On one

I applied a liberal dressing of stable ma-

nure; on another a heavy mulch of velvet

bean vines was used; while on the others,

two kinds of complete chemical fertilizers

were applied. The fruit from the trees

on which the manure and bean vines had

been used, was large, ill—shaped and

pithy; while that from the trees fertilized

with. complete, high-grade fertilizer was

bright, firm, and full of juice. Other ex-

periments were carried on with beans and

potatoes and in every case the best re-

sults were procured with the chemical

fertilizers.



Last year in Michigan, on land that

positively would not produce marketable

potatoes as I proved by planting several

rows without fertilizer, by the addition of

400 lbs. to the acre I got a yield of 350

bushels of fine potatoes on about two

acres of land.



For the average farmer, the most eco—

nomical way to buy fertilizer is to study

thebrands of some reliable make and

order “at most nearly suited to the case

in question. I certainly believe -that

it is entirely feasible with half the land

that is now being worked, and with half

the labor, and very nearly half the ex~

pense, to produce double the crops that

are now being raised, by the intelligent

use of chemical fertilizers.



\Vashtenaw Co. C. R. Ross.





LIKES OAT HAY.





 





At times the best of farmers get tied

up for rough feed and would be glad to

resort to anything possible in order to

get through the heavy feeding season

without buying extra feed. Most every

farmer has a good supply of oats growing

and could spare some of them in a pinch.

\\'e have done this and think that as a

substitute oat hay is a success. Of course,

compared with clover or mixed hay it is

inferior, yet its feeding qualities are good

and the stock like it nearly as well as

clover.



Last year we out about 21/2 acres of

oats for feeding and are just finishing

them up now. They have been a good

feed and not expensive as far as we can

see. We out these oats when the heads

were just turning to yellow. In fact, the

tleld was about one-third yellow when

cut. There was no rain on them at any

time and this made the feed some better

than it would have been had they been

wet. \Vc raked with the rgular hay rake

and loaded by hand on to the wagon. The

oat hay is a little harder to handle than

the clover if the oats have grown strongly

but outside of that the deal is about the

same. “'e have had clover which took

longer for curing than did the oat hay.

If you need feed and have some oats

thicker than others then it will pay to

take the oats from the heaviest place or

field if possible. With us the heavy oats

made the best hay and it is at such

places that the cats will fall down and

likely kill out the clover for the next year.

Also the thicker the oats the better the

hay and the thick places would not make

the best of oats for threshing anyhow.

Try some this year and then you will see

for sure and will have tried something

new’ possibly. I don’t think as far as we

can see that there is as much danger of

heating with this feed as with the regular

hay though that has not been proved out

for sure.





Ohio. R. E. Romans.





 





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER. <3)





 

   

 





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PRIMITIVE EGYPTIAN PLOW





Get Good Wheat





and plenty of it, by using modern

methods and A. A. C. F ERTILIZERS





   





How W. A. Wordey, Lenawee County, Michigan, does it:





" I plow the ground about 3 or 4 inches deep as soon as the oat crop is off, follow with harrow

the next day, and, should it rain, I again harrow all that I have plowed. Then when I get through

plowing, I harrow and roll it several times. Then about September 12th to 15th, drill 8 peeks of clean

seed per acre and use about 250 pounds of high grade fertilizer to the acre, either 2-8-5 or 3-8—6

analysis. These fertilizers seem to be best Suited for our sandy soil. I never got less than 25 bushels

to the acre, except one year when I used some so called “just as good” fertilizer and got less than 20

bushels. Last year I got 32 bushels to the acre, while those who do not use fertilizer usually get

from 10 to 20 bushels of wheat to the acre around here. It does not pay to use an incomplete fertilizer

or ground bone deficient in Potash, as the straw will lodge without maturing. I have never failed to

get a catch of clover by this method. The extra wheat gained by the use of high grade soluble com-

plete fertilizer, will more than twice pay for the fertilizer used, to say nothing of a sure catch of

clover and a heavy growth after wheat is cut.”





Our soils in the Middle States will produce a good crop of wheat

if‘the farmer goes at it in the right way and uses A. A. C. Fertilizers.

This is a well known, established fact.





While the farmer is obliged to take some chances on things beyond his control,

he should not take any chances as to thc Fertilizer he applies for that is something

he can control. There is nothing so expensive to the farmer as a poor crop.





THE A. A. C. FERTILIZERS





for wheat, as well as for other crops are made not only to contain

the full percentages of plant food according to guaranteed analysis

but—we go further than that. The agricultural value of our

Fertilizers is given the first consideration because we look to the

future. We want every farmer who uses our Fertilizer to get good

results and increase his orders each season. That is why we are

doing a tremendous business.





OUR FACTORIES NEVER SHUT DOWN





Our policy is best materials, good bags, mechanical condition

perfect—the best goods that skill, experience and capital can put

together and sell at the lowest prices.



While the supply lasts, we will furnish this season A Banner Dissolved Bone,

fine ground and perfectly dry, guaranteed to analyze not less than 34% Available

Phosphoric Acid. The actual analysis is about 36% Available. This Fertilizer

is produced entirely from high grade animal bone, and is considered to be the best

form of Phosphoric Acid for fertilizing wheat.





 





If there should be no agent in your town selling our Fertilizer, write us. It might





mean business for you.

The American Agricultural Chemical Company





Detroit Sales Department, DETROIT, MICH.

LARGEST MANUFACTURERS OF HIGH GRADE FERTILIZERS IN THE WORLD





a





 





 





When writing to advertisers please mention the Michigan Farmer.
24 ‘ (4)





VTVVVYWVYVV‘YYYYVYYYYVY





; THE DAIRY .





AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAA!A"A"





CONDUCTED BY COLON C. LILLIE.





 





 





 





 





IDEAL DAIRY COW.





THE





EVery dairyman should have a fixed

ideal of the shape and model of the cows

he wishes to keep in his herd. The ideal

must come before the actual. If he does

not have in his mind what an ideal cow

is, he will secure her only by accident.

How to study dairy form and get this

ideal clearly in mind is a question of

vital importance to every man who is at-

tempting to get together a herd of profit-

able dairy cows.



To give this





question intelligent





thought we must lay aside all breed pref- -





erence and prejudice and look the matter

square in the face. There are good and

indifferent cows in all the dairy breeds

and in all our dealings with cows we

should consider them as individual prop-

ositions. If the Ayrshire appeals most

forcibly to your personal fancy you» can

accept her with full assurance that well

selected cows of that breed will prove

profitable under favorable conditions, and

this statement applies to all breeds. If

you have a special liking for the Soft and

pleasing colors of the Guernsey you can

find a ready market for her products that

will add zest to your enthusiasm. Her

milk is especially high colored and she

should be second to none for this particu-

lar use. The Holsteins are enormous pro-

ducers and if you like the large blacks

and whites they will do the work under

possibly less favorable conditions. You

may have to do a little more milking to

get the same amount of butter—fat. The

rich yellow butter produced from the milk

of the Jersey has spread her fame to the

farthest corners of our land. Choose the

breed you like best. Life is too short to

make new breeds or to dairy with cows

that do not possess the true dairy form

and temperament.



Milk and butter records are selling too

many dairy animals. We must not lose

sight of individuality if we secure uni-



.Lform results in breeding. Give us cows

“that 'are ideal individuals and we will

; be disappointed in their perform-

ffance.‘ The ideal cow should have a deep,

flong and wide body with an udder ex-

tending well forward and backward, that

is smooth and symmetrical and closely

attached to her body; with four teats

set wide apart and of the proper size; a

thin and slender neck and a head indi-

cating intelligence and nervous force of

a high degree; and last, but not least,

she should have large, long and tortuous

milk“ veins; and still better, if her uddcr

is decorated with them. Cows of this

type seldom disappoint us unless thcre is

some good reason for it. In theory the

dairy form should mean a good cow: in

practice the good cow always has a dairy

form. Few cows that are deficient in

dairy form endow their progeny with

great dairy form and temperament.



The dairy form and temperament

should be found together always. W'hen

the former exists without the latter it is

the fault of some man who has interfered

with the laws of breeding and develop-

ment and can not be justly charged up

against the cow. Either the man who

raised her failed to feed her in a manner

that would develop her milk giving quali—

ties or her owner is not furnishing her

with the proper kinds of food. The

chances arc that her early treatment was

faulty. it is my judgment that more

cows are ruined before they are two



'years of age than after they come in

milk. \Vhen a well-bred heifer that has

the. true dairy form is inferior to her

parent stock it is usually due to improper

feeding rather than the breed. Let us

acknowledge our own mistakes and not

blame the sire and dam for want of wis-

dom in feeding. The ncrve force must

be kept up, the lung capacity made large

and the digestion powerful and almost

unlimited. Nerves, lungs and stomach

are the essentials of heavy milk yields.



Sometimes we condemn a heifer before

she has a chance to prove her value.

Many heifers that possess a good dairy

form do not do good work the first time

they freshen. When we have a heifer

that is of the right form and does not

produce well the first time she comes in

milk we. should try her the second time.

Full development does not always come

with the first calf. This holds true no

matter what. age the heifer is bred. Some

of the best dairy cows have not been

large producers with their first calves but

have proven the wisdom of being given

a. second chance.





THE MICHIGAN FAR‘MER; ' "





The ideal dairy cow must begin with

the calf that comes from suitable parent

stock and some simple rules must be fol-

lowed if we succeed in growing and de-

veloping calves into first-class dairy cows.



The first rule is to keep the calf pens

clean and sanitary. The young calves

are very suscpetible to changes in the

weather and need protection from all

weather extremes, and also from the

ravages of flies during the hot summer

and early fall months. They need pure

air and sunshine, but should not be kept

outside exposed to the hot sun until they

are old enough to run in the pasture.

Some of the best dairy heifers do not get

outside of the barn until they are five

or six months old. Sunshine makes a

stable healthy and is a great stimulator

and invigorator to all young animals.

They must have dry and clean bedding

and all feeding utensils must be kept

sweet and clean.



They need whole milk for the first three

weeks and then it may be gradually

changed to skim-milk, and some kind of

feed supplemented to replace the fat re-

moved in skimming. One part ground

oats sifted, and one part linseed meal

makes a good grain feed. Have small

racks in their pens. so that they may

have a constant supply of tender clover

and alfalfa or mixed hay and feed their

grain feed dry and there will be little

danger of derangements. unless some—

thing is very wrong with their care. There

is no question of more importance than

getting the young calves started toward

a profitable dairy animal.



My experience handling heifers from

the time they are taken from the skim-

milk diet until they are old enough to

breed has convinced me that ground oats

are the best feed to ensure the develop-

ment of the organs of maternity in a

heifers; and if all heifers were fed this

grain in connction with plenty of bulky

and succulent farm grown foods there

would be few shy breeders and unprofit-

able dairy cows.



\V’e cannot raise all ideal cows. Some

men hayc a mistaken idea that if their

cows come from certain lines of blood

they are all good and cannot be other-

wise. It must be kept in mind that men

from good families often go astray. It is

the some with animals. You may not

know which cows go wrong unless you

use the scales and test; but by using

these it is possible to tell to a certainty

which cows are doing the best work and

no up-to-date dairyman depends on guess





work in these days.



Ideal cows must have ideal stables,

ltl(‘ctl stalls and an ideal dairyman to

(are for them. It would be folly to





place ideal cows under any but ideal con-

ditions. There are plenty of scrubs to

go around among men who provide scrub

accommodations for their cows. An ideal

cow is worth her keeping and should have

ideal care and feed if she is made to pay

ideal profits.





New York. W, MILTON KELLY.





 





MAKE BETTER BUTTER.





 





The very best grade of butter can and

should be made upon the farm but it is

an acknowledged fact that a large, per

cent of the country butter put upon the

market is of a very inferior quality. A

man who is authority on such matters

says that one—fourth of the country but-

ter is wholly unfit for use. “Any good

butter today?" is a question that is being

asked constantly in the stores of every

city and village.



In any effort toward improvement, good

cows that produce results in the milk pail

and are well cared for, are the very first

consideration. System and cleanliness

must rule in the dairy barn. Give the

cows good, comfortable shelter from the

weather, pure water, and rations that

contain elements calculated to keep the

animal in good health and to produce

plenty of rich milk. Have a regular time

for feeding and milking. Keep the cows

and their surroundings clean and the

milk will be clean also.



A separator is a necessary adjunct to

the proper handling of the milk. Separate

as soon after milking as possible. The

skim—milk will then have a greater value

as a food for pigs and calves. The quick-

er all animal heat can be eliminated from

the cream the better it will be. Stand the

vessel containing the cream in another

vessel containing cold water and stir the

cream until it is free from warmth. The

cream will then keep longer and the but-

ter will have a much better flavor.



The next step toward good butter mak-

ing is the proper ripening of the cream.

The cream should be stirred frequently





to insure an even and uniform ripening.

When it-I’becomes slightly acid and runs

from the paddle in a smooth, thick stream

it is ready to churn. . Right at that point

is where the quality of the butter to be

produced is endangered. A delay of a

few hours in churning after the cream is

ready will be very apt to spoil the quality

of the butter.



Vl'hile different people have different

opinions as to what style of churn is best

the barrel churn is probably the most

satisfactory. But no matter what sort of

a churn is used, it must be kept scrupu-

lously clean. In cold weather the churn

should be scalded with boiling water but

in warm weather it is best to rinse the

churn out With cold water, rub the inside

with salt and rinse again before putting

the cream in. A dairy thermometer is a

necessity as guessing at the temperature

of the cream is not satisfactory. A tem-

perature of from 58 to 60 degrees in warm

weather and 64 to 66 in winter is about

right for good results. Churn until the

butter granules are about the size of a

grain of wheat and then stop the churn

and draw off the buttermilk. Pour in a

pail of cold water, revolve the churn a

few times, draw off and repeat. The

second pail of water will run off nearly

clear. About one ounce of salt for each

pound of butter should now be stirred in

and then the churn revolved a few turns

to properly distribute the salt and work

out the water. The butter is now ready

to prepare for market. It should be

molded out into neat bricks and wrapped

in parchment paper. If the maker’s





name appears upon the wrapper it will;





show that he is not ashamed of the pro-

duct.



When a fine grade of butter has been

produced some. attention must be given

to the marketing of it. One must study

conditions and decide for himself as to

which is best. Some can secure a good

price by shipping to a city dealer while

others may be able to sell their product

to families in nearby towns.

ers can rarely pay enough to warrant

selling good butter to them.





It should be borne in mind that there

are no fixed rules for successful and

profitable butter making. Everyone must

adapt themselves to the conditions pe-

culiar to their own environments and pay

close attention to the little points for

they are what usually make or mar suc-

cess. Always endeavor to improve the

quality of the butter produced and have

no fear of not receiving a good price for

the demand for good butter is never sup—





 





plied.



Ohio. SUBSCRIBER.

“ROBBER” COW PREVENTS DAIRY

DEVELOPMENT.



“The low average production of the





dairy cows of the United States,” said an

oiiicial of the Bureau of Animal Industry,

recently, ”is a condition that does more

than any othcr one thing to prevent de-

velopment. 'l‘he dairyman whose herd is

averaging 400 lbs. of butter-fat is not the

man who opposcs the tuberculin test or

who has unimproved equipment and filthy

surroundings. On the contrary, he seeks

the tuberculin test, and seeks information

of all kinds that will enable him to pro-

tect his herd and his business and to

conduct his business in the best possible

manner. The man who is fighting the

tuberculin test, milk ordinances, and the

inspectors, and who is continually making

the greatest complaints about unremu—

nerative prices is usually the owner of

the average cow, which produces not

over 150 to 175 pounds of butter-fat per

annum.



“Work that tends toward the improve—

ment of the latter type of dairyman,

therefore, has a direct effect upon most

of the vital problems confronting the

dairy industry. At present he recognizes

tuat he derives but little profit from his

business, and be naturally concludes‘that

sanitary requirements, the tuberculin

test, etc., are going to reduce his profits

further. which his business can not stand.

But when the productiveness of his cows

has been improved and they have become

profitable, he is naturally inclined, for the

sake of his own business interests, to

house and care for them. better and to

protect them from tuberculosis and other

diseases. In so doing he complies with

a large part of the health requirements.

With herd records kept but one day in

a month the best cows can soon be

identified: and if a pure-bred hull of good

quality is used, only a few years are re-

quired to develop a productive herd and

bring about the conditions Just indi-

cated."





Local deal- ,





, I 2’ . V ‘

' JULY 8, 1911 .





BEST RECORD





Ever Made by '

Any Cream Separator.





‘ Only

A SHARPLES

Could Do it.





We have re eatedly told you that Sharpie:

Dairy Tubular Cream Separators wear a lifetime.



One of ourtezularhand-driven Dairy T ubu

of 500 pounds capaczty per hour. recently hmshe

work equal to 100 years' servnce in a live to eight

cow dairy. Total cost for oil and repairs only

one dollar and fifteen cents. This Tu-

bular is free for all to inspect who visit

the world s greatest separator works.

Ask us to mail you the fully illustrated

record of this great demonstration of Tubu-

lar superiority. See how the parts of this

Tubular resls ed wear. Tubulnrsare guar-

anteed forever by

America’l oldest

separator concern.



Tubular:~ outskiin

as well as outweu'

all otherl. Have

twice the skimming

force. Skim faster.





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 





lars con



no disks.

You will no



nnlly have a



Tubular. Get



the ulnr





{my one cent for _.

reign or anything

else. Other separators, exchanged for Tubulnrl. In

simply pour-

in In. E!-

c a n g e

yours. Write

or catalogue

No. 152





 

 

 

 

   

 

 

   

   

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





THE SHAIPLES SEPARATOR C0.

WEST CHESTER. PA.



Chicago. 11]., San Francisco, 0-1., Portland. Or;



, Toronto, 08n- Winn-loot, Can. .





 





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CREAM

essPARATORS





are as much superior to other sep-

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THE 0E llIIIAl SEPARATOR ‘00.





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and allows cows to feed in peace, making

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A. clean. harmless liquid preparation. ap-

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CARPENTER-MOE





BOSTON. MASS.

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Keeps flies and all

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$1 worth saves $20.00

';- . .. . in milk and flesh on each.

cow inasin‘éle season. Cures sores. stops itching

and prevents infection. Nothing better for galls.

Kills lice and mites in poultry houses. 1 f

if dealer can't supp y you. or-

SEND $1, .3in 81. -Fly to protect zoo

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4





 





 





 





 





 





I
from. w.





 





 





 





 





 





JULY 8, 1911.





‘ LIVE STOCK 2'





A‘A‘





 





 





 





”AAAAAAAAAAAAAALA ALLA





CARE OF STOCK IN SUMMER.





 





With the sun at its zenith animals of

all sorts feel the heat, and this will con-

tinue more or less for months to come.

A. warm, boiling atmosphere troubles

them considerably, and makes them ap-

preciate shade. Cows are much harrassed

by it. The milk supply tells this. On the

evening of warm days there is generally

a falling off, and in many cases a de-

cided decrease. The cows, too, do not

gain in condition, but the reverse. The

depression is not so much noticed in

young cattle, but it is quite easy to un-

derstand that they suffer equally. Sheep

feel it intensely, and often pant and gasp

for breath. Pigs suffer from scorched

skins and are extremely unhappy. In-

deed, altogether excessive heat is a de-

cided disadvantage. There is, however,

no getting away from it, as it will occur,

and the only relief is to be found in pro-

viding shade.



On some farms there are sheds here and

there in the fields. These are excellent

conveniences, and should be made as much

use of as possible. Posts, poles or two-

by-four scantlings and any kind of suit-

able stuff for roofs are the materials re-

quired. In many cases these can be

constructed at comparatively small ex-

pense. “Then they are put up it should

always be in a central location, so that

the stock from several fields can make

use of them.



But where sheds are not provided, the





' shade of trees is the only substitute, and





this proves very useful. Flies are not

partial to shady places, and to get away

from these is a great relief. Trees, how-

ever, are not to be found in every field,

but there are few farms in which they do

not occur in some fields, and the greatest

attention should be given to arranging

for the stock to occupy these in the day

time in hot weather. Such protection

goes farther towards maintaining their

condition and assuring their progress

“than anything else that could be done

for them under the circumstances.



queel quite confident that, were it pos-

siblejrto learn from an animal whether it

would prefer a good square meal or com-

fortable shade on a hot day, the latter

would be chosen very generally from early

June to late September. Fields with no

shade are most suitable for night graz-

ing. Besides the worry to the stock, un—

shaded iields oftencause trouble to the

owner, as the animals will ‘get restless

and go through the fences. if no shade

is available anywhere, the stock should

always be kept near the farm yard in the

daytime, and allowed to go into the

buildings when disposed, which will be

very often in hot weather.



The water supply is of equal or greater

importance. in fact, it is imperative. The

most acceptable of all is a running

stream. '\Vherever this occurs, every ef-

fort should be made to let as much of

the stock have access to it as possible.

All the grazing fields may not adjoin the

streams, and ii' arable ones come between

it often pays to arrange a lane along the

side of the field to admit them to water.

Sheep suffer the least from a deficiency

of drinking water, and horses and cattle

the most. Pools that are kept clean and

shaded with trees are the most acceptable

supply, but when the contents are hot

and dirty, the thirst may be quenched

and they drink with apparent relish, but

ills of more or less magnitude are apt to

follow, and if there is a dirty pool most

convenient, and a clean one far away, it

will be the cheapest in the end to keep

the stock from the filth and give more

time and attention to admitting them to

the clean.



This whole matter of shade and water

supply is one that should be taken into

consideration by every man, not after,

but before he adopts the policy of raising

stock on anything like a large scale.

\thre water has to be hauled even in dry

seasons. and when the supply is short at

those times of the year when the farm is

heavily stocked, an entirely different pol-

icy ought to be carried out than would

be the case were the water supply abund-

ant. If there is any place where the

policy of grain farming, as distinguished

from stock farming is applicable, it is in

those cases where shade is lacking and

the water supply scarce.



Illinois. \V. H. UNDERWOOD.





 





Grassy calves are being marketed in in-

creasing numbers and sell badly.





 





   





 





IIOW 7'0 53 V8

Moflo/Ileflorjc





ERE’S a fair and square proposition to every man who

owns, breeds or works horses. We offer to tell you how

to cure any horse of lameness—absolutely free. We offer

you without; one cent; of charge, the advice of one of

America’s leading specialists on the lameness of .horses. Many

a. good horse, temporarily lame, is sold for almost nothing, be-

cause the owner does not know how to go about getting rid of the

lameness. Don’t let your horse suffer—don’t, sell him for a. few dollars—ask us to

tell you how to remove the lameness safely. surely and quickly. See Illustration

of horse below and read paragraph, “Free Diagnosis Coupon.”





Mack’s $1,000 Spavin Remedy Is Guaranteed





to quickly and permanently relieve the very worst case of Bone or Bog Spavin,

Ringbone, Thoroughpin, Curb, Capped Hock, Shoe Boil, Sprung Knee, Lacerated

and Ruptured Tendons, Sweeny and all other forms of lameness affecting a. horse.

It’s a powerful remedy that goes right to the bottom of the trouble and quickly

restores natural conditions in the bones, muscles and tendons—cures the lameness

in just a few days to stay cured and the animal may be worked as usual.

Contains nothing that can injure the, horse and heals without leaving scar, blem-

ish or loss of hair. We positively guarantee every bottle of Mack’s $1,000 Spavin

Remedy: if it fails, you get; back chry cunt. you paid for it as stated in our 31,000

Warranty Bond. Write us today and get. our free dladnosls. Don‘t. let anyone

"blister” or “fire” because such methods are positively cruel, inhuman. extremely

painful, always leave a big scar and seldom do any good. Use Mack’s 51,000 Spavin

Remedy to remove the lameness quickly and without; a. bit. of pain.





Relieves Gases Formerly considered lnourabler





No matter how long your horse has been lame, or

what the nature of his lameness, you can absolute-

ly rely upon Mack’s $1000 Spavin Remedy.

We know of many cases where horse owners have

paid out big fees and had valuable animals tortured

with “firing," “blistering” and other good-for-

nothing methods and as a last resort. tried llIack’s

$1000 Spawn Remedy, and were amazed at

the painless, positive, quick and permanent. cure.

It does not; leave any scar, blemish or loss of hair-

absolutely no mark to show that. the animal has

ever been lame. Safe to use on any horse, old or

young. It's the surest remedy money can buy, and





 

 

 

   

 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 





it’s the only spavin remedy in the world that. is ab-

solutely guaranteed by a ’

$1,000 Warranty Bond 21.53121"

Write for a sample of this bond and other valuo- mark with





on X just

where swell-

ing or lame-

ness occurs,

then clip out;

coupon and

mail to us with

a letter, telling

what. ca used

the lameness,

how long horse

has been lame,

how it. ell‘urts





able information about. lame horses. Mailed free

upon request.





Your Drugyist Will Obtain

Mack’s $1,000 Snavin





’ Remedy For You—





If you ask him. Price 85. per bottle. If he re-

fuses, remit $5.00 to us and we will see that. your

order is filled without. delay.



No matter where. whcn or from Whom you buy





Mack’s 81000 Spavin Remedy the price is “It; llHimal's

the same. Every bottle in aluolutnly guaranteed, ff“; “to CE

lorse, etc.





and is accompanied by our $1000 Warranty Bond,

which insures you that. your money will be refund-

ed if the remedy fails to do all we claim for it, as

stated in our guaranty.



Do not. accept. a substitute, for there is no other

remedy like Mack's $1000 Spavin Remedy—nothing

so powerful and sure to cure. It stands supreme as

a remedy in all forms of lameness.





McKAllDR DRUG GOMPANY





 





We will tell you just: What the lameness is and how to

relieve it quickly. Absolutely no charge. Write today.





Free Book—"Horse Sense”





Send us the Free Diagnosis Coupon. get abso-

lutely free a copy of our book “Horse—Sense."

Describes and illustrates diseases of horses

limbs, shows correct name for every part of





<5) 25





 





Horse Owners.





Look to your interests and use

the safest, speediest and most

positive cure for ailments of

your horses, for which an ex-

ternal remedy can be used, viz:





GOMBAULT’S

CAUSTIC BALSAM





Prepared exclusively

bfv J. E. Gombault, ex-

eterinar Surgeon to

the Frenc Government

Stud.





 

   





SUPERSEDES ALI. CAUTERY 0R FIRING.





Impossible to produce any star or blemish.

The safest best; Blister ever used. Takes the



lace of all liniments for mild or severe action.

Removes all Bunches or Blemishes from Horses

or Cattle.



Every bottle of Cauntlc Balsam sold is

Warranted to give satisfaction. Price 81.50

per bottle. Sold by druggists or sent; by ex-

press, charges paid. with full directions for its

use. Bend for descriptive circulars, testimo-

nials,etc. Address





all LAWRENCE—WILLIAIS COIPLNY, Cleveland. Ohio





 





 





 





 





N EWTON'S H EAVE

“338% 332%? C U R E

The Standard Veterinary Remedy.





21 years sale. Send for

booklet.





   

 

 





 

 

 

 





SAFE TO USE





‘i

l,





 





HEINOILICINOO .LSEIH





       





V7.54“! V-





v-zsl ‘ V ~

‘ (1.5!)! Makes the horse sound, stay sound





DEATH To HEAVES





The llrst or second $1.00 can cures Heaves. The third

can is guaranteed to cure or money refunded.

$1.00 per can at dealers, or express prepaid.





THE NEWTON REMEDY CO” Toledo. Ohio





KENDALL:





.ias saved thousands of dollars

and thousr nds of horses. The old

reliable cu c for Spavin, Ring-





 





SPAVIN

‘ CURE





 





 





"horse and tells valuable facts every horse

owner ought to know. A-6





Gingham ton, N. Y.





 





 





 





 





HARNESS





HORSE





COLLARS





, Ask your dealer lor the Label.

Made and Warranted by





AHMSTRING & GRAHAM





WHOLESALE ONLY- DETROIT. gsygljisggo I880.





Please mention the Michigan Farmer when you





 





 





bone, Splint or any lameness.



For sale at all (lruggists. Price



$1 per bottle, Gior $5. "Treatise on the Horse"

freer at druggists or write to Dr. B. J. KENDALL

COMPANY, Enosburg Falls, Vt... U. 8. A.





 





 





   





 

 





Eff—"CHICAGO SCALE CO.





 

 





   





PIT __ _ l





 

     





   





 

   

 





   





I. OQGANIZED '863

PlTLESS ' I02! JACKSON BLVD.

SCALE Ii] CHICAGO.iLL.

so: '"fillllll TH, .~ ALL

WplTE “T" ' SCALES

FOQ leCE ,WARRANTED





 

   

 





Family, Portable and Dormant Scales, Safes, 5

Sewing Machines, Engines and Trucks.





Hard Rubber Teal Plugs





   

 





 





 





For hard-milking cows or leaky teats.

l’revents leakage Where teat opening is

relaxed and cures hard milking where

due to an obstruction in the canal. Our

price 35c each, or $1.00 for a set of four.

Send orders to





 





are writing to advertisers and you will do us a favor.





THE MICHIGAN FARMER, Detroit, Mich.





 





ook Out 1'0" ' wa’ms.





 

 

 

 





1’" Stop Yur Worm Losses 4;

I’ll Prove It Before You Pay





Keep aclose watch for worms this month. Now is the time they





laggard steps. gaunt looks. colic, diarrhoea, pale skin, etc.





whole flockin prime condition. I'll prevent. worms from getting further foot-

hold. '1'“ show you how to conquer these dreaded postsin all

Your live stock. I‘ll do this before you pay me one penny. I'll

do it with Sal-Vet, that wonderful worm destroyer and condi-

tioner Just as I have done it for thousands of other farmers.

I ll save you money, worry, time and trouble. Here are just. a

few sample letters showing what. Sal-Vet. really does. For

stomach and free intestinal worms it has no equal.

"We had 690 sheep. lOO'we fed Sal-vet and did “I had 300 lambs badly infected with stomach

not lose a Bmtle one. Out of the 500 we lout.26.” worms and considerably run down. Put em

CW” Sludmore, Fenton. M'Ch' on Sal-Vet and they made a gain 01'40 lbs. per





"l have not lost a single umb since using Sal- head. 1'" never be Win10“ Sal-Vet,"

Vet.” A. F. An roan, Brayton, In. W. S. Patton. Plattshurg, 0.





 





"no: mu-





 





.





.m” ”a" drenching,





satisfactory.

Mall Coupon today.





 





coo: 401bs.. $2.25zlmlbo. $5; 2001bs.. $9: 300 lbs. $13; 5001ba.. $21





. Fill out the coupon. tell me how man h d

begin to get in their deadly work. Look out for drooping ears, dull eyes, have and I‘ll ship you enough Sal-Vet to lasfzthegig 23033;?“ ‘4'

. . ' 1

Don’t forget that when these symptoms are present it means that send "0 MOHGY— Slmply ”all Coupon 38:,“ '4“0\





worms already have a death grip and something must bedonequickly. . - , - - . a ‘ 3'09 0' .

Let me do it: for you. I'll get; rid of the worms and save your lambs. I’ll put .\‘our the small ”eff-”hf and If It does n0td0 311.1 Claim—does 4' 0°. 6'” 3° ed, , ”

not prove satisfactory no charge Will be made. ‘0 "





You feed Sal-Vet; as you do salt v‘



‘ Let. your stock—lambs, sliee - O’ ‘ ¢ u ' .

. hogs, cattle. horses, have freep' O' .§s€&°d&° x" x' x

> access to it. and they will ”‘0 \o‘Q-m‘lo x' "i

doctor themselves. No 0&0 moo o ’ I

no handling. ‘ 09‘ 429 ~50 x’ ,



3 df *' 9‘ Y”

en orasupply now—remem- ” “O 0 0°





her it. costs on nothing if not

1'" take all the risk. ,o“€°o%o o





Sidney R. 5'3”, Pres., THE 5'. R. FE". 00., Dept. Ill-F. cloveland,0. [35] ‘. ‘

_ .12. _ 9





This Month





,_ t

No Handling





 





They Doctor Themselves ””3:





O a



d 0"

4‘99‘9909

0.\\ ‘l

o .2991“

‘Sr .139

d 13 '6' 6°

\wak e x .

(9 9“, 5%" xx x”





‘0 r X X





-— nodoping, “! “‘cfi‘eo‘z’ x’ x’ x’





Q . . ,



o , I, . 5

‘ 6 b \.& 0- .v‘Q‘ ‘0’, a)? Mo." ‘

\%.e.e‘;\o~ s0” 9- at” 9‘4“” 6““ 0° “0.6"
'26 <6) '





VETERINARY :





MWM‘

CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR. V. S.





Advice through this department is free

to our subscribers. Each communication

should state history and symptoms of the

case in full; also name and address of

writu. Initials only will 'be published.

.Many queries are answered that apply to

the same ailments. If this column is

watched carefully you will probably find

the desired information in a reply that

has been made to some one else. When

reply by mail is requested, it becomes

private practice, and a fee of 81.00 must

accompany the letter.





 





ALLA





 





 





 





Bog Spavin—Thoroughpin.—We have a

three-year-old colt that injured hock

when jumping a fence; the joint is puffed

in front and on both sides, but the

bunches are soft. G. McI., Imlay City,

Mich.—Apply equal parts tincture iodine

and spirits of camphor to bunches three

times a week. You will find it very diffi—

cult to reduce the swelling.



“'ound.——Some three months ago one of

my horses kicked the other on fleshy part

of leg, making a large deep wound, and

I have been unable to heal it. W. S.,

Manistique, Mich.——I imagine the wound

gaps open and is filling with scar tissue

of a fungus nature, which should be

burned out. Apply peroxide of hydrogen

twice daily, ten minutes after each ap-

plication dust on equal parts boric acid,

powdered alum and iodoform. If you dis-

like the smell of iodoform, use iodol in—

stead, for this preparation is almost

odorless. If the wound is filled with

fungus tissue, either cut it out or burn

it with a red hot iron.



Ringbone.——I have a three-year—old

mare that shows considerable lameness

when trotted on hard footing or down

hill. She has an enlarged pastern and

we thought it might be ringbone. S. H.,

Brooklyn, Mich—As a long drive brought

back her lameness, you had better give

her rest and apply one part red iodide

mercury and eight parts ccrate of can-

tharides to pastern three times a month

until she recovers. .



Umbilical Infection—Chafed Joint.—

When my sucking colt was four or five

days old it showed weakness in one fore

fetlock joint; in a day or two it became

worse. I consulted our Vet. and be ad-

vised me to put Basswood bark around

the joint, which Idid, with cloth insnle

of bark boot. This was all right for

about a week, then the leg became sore

and raw, the hide and hair came off; now

i have the boot off and am doctoring the

raw sore, which looks bad to me. F. B.,

Mayville, Mich.~—lt is generally had prac-

tice to apply boots or bandages to the

legs of. a young colt that suffers from

joint disease the result of navel infection.





 





Apply peroxide of hydrogen to navel'of

colt, then apply one part tincture iodine

and eight parts water once or twice a

day. If the navel is not in a suppurative

condition and healed, it will not be neces-

sary to treat him. Dust on sore one part

iodoform, two parts powdered alum and

eight parts boric acid. if the colt is es—

posed to fiies protect sore with a thin

covering of oakum with light cheese-

cloth over it; however, it is best to keep

the colt in a dark, cool place during the

day, allowing it to run out nights.



Leucorrhea.—I have a mare that suf-

fers from a chronic vaginal discharge and

I would like to know how to treat her.

H. G., Mariette, Mich—Give your mare

a teaspoonful of powdered sulphate iron

at a dose in feed two or three times a

day and dissolve 1 dr. permanganate pot—

ash in four quarts of water and wash out

vagina through a rubber tube with tin

funnel once a day. These applications

should be made in a gentle manner, or

else you may injure the parts.



llcart Disease—«bly eight—year-old

mare seems to be inclined to pant during

hot weather, but is apparently well dur—

ing the winter and i would like to know

what ails her. L. .r\., Buckley, Mich.—

Your mare stiffer‘sfrom heart disease and

should not be over-exerted. Give her 1,4;

dr. ground nux vomica and the same

quantity of powdered digitalis at a dose

in feed two or three times a day. You

should aVoid feeding her too much bulky

food.



Barbed \Vire Cut—Open Joint—My

pony horse ran on a barbed wire fence

May 15, cutting stifle joint badly, which

resulted in open joint. Our local Vet.

has treated him, but the joint is still dis-

charging synovia and the muscles of hip

have grown smaller. Mrs. C. \V. R., Glad—

win, Mich—Continue keeping the pony

quiet, as exercise will do harm. _Apply

equal parts boric acid, tannic and and

iodot'orm to wound twice a day, covering

it with oakum. Your colt must have

managed the case fairly well.



l‘oorly Developed Lungs—Obstructed

l’IPkUl.*"'I{C(7tlrllly I lost a cult at tWO

weeks old. From birth this colt breath-

ed like a broken—winded horse and would

frequently open his mouth to get breath.

The first four days there was a leakage

from the navel, but this soon stopped.

For several days before it died its bowels

and kidneys acted well. The mare was

worked quite hard during the hot weath-

er, up to foaling time. R. 0., Kent City,

lVIich.—’l‘he lungs and head of your colt

were not properly developed. Nothing in

the line of treatment will help a case of

this kind.

impaction—Last Friday evening a two-

year-old heifer came home sick; she runs

on new pasture land, has access to plenty

of good water and she showed symptoms

of stoppage of bowels. I treated her the

best I knew how by giving salts, oil and

laudanum: this treatment seemed to re-

lieve her, but she is quite dumpish yet.

H. H., \Vhite Cloud, Mich—Mix together

equal parts fluid extract ginger, fluid ex—



(Continued on page 31). '.





 





 





A tom





THE “OLD" WAY





 





I





c Cream ”paral‘





GRAIKLESS‘ MID GE‘ARLESS





Nothing like it has ever before been invented.

One size machine for any size dairy. The





drudgery of dairying now a thing of the





past.





It separates the milk perfectly, faster than





ten men can milk it.

Start the separator when the milking





begins





and it being both automatic and continuous in

its operation, when the farmer is through milk-





ing he is through skimming.





Speed of bowl brought up in 15 seconds and

will run for hours without the slightest varia-





tion or attention.





It is destined to revolutionize the dairy busi-





ness. Dealers selling the AUTOMATIC

in a class by itself. which eliminates all

tition.





find it

compe-





Write for catalog “J" and prices.





See Our Exhibit at Your State Fair.





STANDARD SEPIBATOR GOHPAIIY





monrou nEcKEn. Proudono

Sole Manufacturers and Polontooo





MILWAUKEE,





WISCONSIN





THE ”NEW" WAY





 





 





 





 





 





used for grain tanks.





 





 





You Can Insure Against





Storm, Fire, Decay, Trouble, Vexation and

Expense for Repairs, by Building an





IMPERISHABLE SILO





made of Patent-ed Hollow Blocks of Vitrified Clay, the sanre

Material used for Sewer Pipe. It. lasts always. Our Inter-

locking Clamp Gives Gr ‘at Strength. Blocks are successfully





wall. Does not. absorb moisture. Better than cement.

Write at once for free booklet.





Imperishable Silo Co.,





Huntington,





 





Silage keeps perfectly clear up to the





Indiana.





 





 





   





 





It’s

Guar-

anteed





   

 





ASK YOUR DEALER I I '



T 0 s H 0 w . 0 U The BLIZZARD hadn't? ENSILAGE CU I I ER

You can’t afiord to buy anyensilage cutter until you have examined the Blizzard

which has 40 years of success behind it. Equipped with improved wind





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   





 





> elevator, knives that can be adjusted

while running. Sell-leeding table.

ff ested by 50% greater strain than is

, ' ever called for in actual use. Fully

guarantee .u Sold ready for use. Only3 pieces.

Write for Why Silage Pays." and 'Thc Evi-

dence." Sent fue together with latest catalog

of Blizzard cutters.





J03. DICK MFG. COMPANY

439 West Tuscar-wao St. Canton, Ohio





 





 





PIGS F OR SALE.





1 keep about; 2400 cholera proof brood

sows and am Selling tine grade





Yorkshire, Poland-China, Duroc and

Tamworth Weaned Pigs at $3 each.





ALVAH BROWN'S PIG FARM,

GRAND RAPIDS, , - MICH.





BREEDERS’ DIRECTIIRY.

CATTLE.





ABERDEEN-ANGUS.





Herd. consisting of Trojan Ericas Blackbirds and

Prides. only, is headed by E rton . a Troian Erica,

by Black W'oodlawn. sire of t e QrandCham ion steer

and bull at. the International in Chicago, ec., 1910.

He is assisted by Undulata Blackbird Ito.



“’OODCOTE STOCK FARM. Ionia. Mich.





30 As Choice Holstein flows





as you will find anywhere in Ohio onMiohiygan. I

hope to sell 15 before Alfalfa haying time. ou can

have your choice of one (1' 15. A few good bulls and

bull calves. L. E. CONNELL. Fayette. Ohio.





TOP NOTCH HOLSTEINS





Top Notch registered young Holstein Bulls com-

bining in themselves the blood of cows which now

hold and have in the past held World's Records for

milk and butter fat at. fair rioes.:



McPHERSON PAR 5 C0., Howell, flich.





 





 





 





 





 





l’,‘ r Sale—Handsomltla'tlhorgu hlbreldl 10mouthis H01-

0 stein in . no 8 2y envy pro ucing

families. An excellent individual at a. bargain for an

early sale. ROUGEMONT FARMS, Detroit. Mich.





 





Holstein Friesian CaMe‘EEEhofit‘li‘éEE:

airy Mercedes. W. B. JONES. Oak Grove, Michigan.

D l .

HOLSTElN-FHIESMH $13533. r3§22i°3fi¥lnfi

O. Cows. E. R. CORNELL. Howell. Michigan.





 





 





()LSTEIN BULLS—1 with a 20 lb. Dam' 'A grand

one at a low figure. Several fine ones at lower cost.

LONG BEACH FARM. Augusta, Kalamazoo Co., Mich.





IIOISTEIN BULL CAIVES THERE???





Sire has 75% of the blood of the sire of Grace ayne

2nd’s Homestead. EJCOLLIER, Fowlerville. ich.





FOR SALErm-o‘w'v b... ...-



istered Holstein sires

ready for service. from Advanced Registry dams.

WILLIAM B. HATCH. Ypsilanti. Michigan.





FOR SALE—5‘23... EliaLfii‘il’Sitm‘E’i’fiéi;





producing stock. 0. A. BRISTOL, Fenton. Michigan.





 





 





 





 





FOR SALE—Holstein Bull 2 years old 81%. Bull

Calves 6 months to 1 year $50 to $100. Bred heifers

8150 to mo. Oldest herd in Ind. Semi for Photos and

Pedigrees, W. C. Jackson. 715 Box St. South Bend. Ind.





H E R E F0 R D S‘Rfi‘hsa‘igfes Eli?) $3.13.???





China hogs. ALLEN BROS. Paw Paw, Mich.





BUTTER BRED JEfiiEYSA’BIE‘LS

CRYSTAL SPRING STOCK FARM.

Silver Creek. Allegan County. Michigan.





——R . A f ’

JERSEY BULLS maigiritygefiazginhlulxi flashligzys?

Prices right. W. E. SHELDON, Litchisield, Mich.





Register oi Merit Jerseys. 932% “ill:

lot. of young bulls from dams with official records

of 483 pounds and upwards of butter.



‘. F. MARSTON. Bay City. Michigan.





 





 





 





 





LILLIE FARMSTEAD JERSEYS.

“ER” BULlsg‘Vldas Signal St. L. No. 58197.

. Jubilee‘s Foxliall. No. 82.299.

Bull ‘calvcs sued by these rout bulls, and out. of

splendid‘dmry cows. many of t em in test for register

of merit. Also a few heifers and heifer calves for

sale. Write for description and prices. Satisfaction

Lam‘nteed, or money refunded.

COLON C. LILLIE, Coopersvllle. Michigan.





JERSEYS F01! SAIEZ‘}...¥§ér.?3‘3.li?ahfilffii§





bred. A. NEWMAN, R. No. 1, Mariette, Michigan





DAIRY SHORTI‘IORNS





A"of ltllllre Bee: Ngllkléig Families.

in we g icr an records kept.

W. W. KNAPP. R. D. 4. Watervliet, Michigan.





 





EGISTERE‘D JERSEYS For Sale—Some combin,

‘ . ing the. blood of St Louis and Chicago “'orld's

l‘air Champions by HERMAN HARMS, Reese. Mich.





DAIRY BREI) SIIOIIT IIORNS"§i‘ili‘,“ifill





still in the business. J. B. HUMMEL. Mason. Mich,

SHEEP.

Oxford-Down Sheep





cattle for sale,





 





 





aBd foiled

J. A. DE GARMO, MuirfuMi‘l-uhl.





—Good Yeirl' v F' ld

OXford Down Sheep Rams nude; 133i? allfges

for sale. I. R. WATERBURY. Highlan , Michigan.





' ——I have 100 ewes, t. .

Reg- Ramboulnets all of my youngg’sxl:1 (1)111: 3&5?

also 85 ewe and ram lambs. Live 2% miles east of

Morrice on G. T. Road. Address J. Q. A. COOIK.





HOGS.





 





 





- ' —GrowthyS rin Bears '

Illlrocs & VIClorlas of choicest. hree in fronflgrlilgg

Winners. M. '1‘. STORY. R. 248. Lowelf, Michigan.

BERKSHIRE PIGS combining the blood of the

. ’ . Masterpiece and Premier

Longfellow families—the world's best breeding

Price 315. C. D. WOODBURY. Lansing. Michigan.





BER KSH I R ES‘Ee‘i‘ii‘é bilmr'f‘i‘ii‘.’ .33





prices. H. W. WIGMAN. Lansing. Michigan.





 





 





—}iegistered boar pigs, excellent;

EEEKi'lll'EE’ df‘t‘zfvé‘iii‘z‘iiv, marinara





 





TWO Berkshire Gilts, sired by Handsome Prince 3.

Bbred for Aug..farrowing, will sell at. $40 & 345 also

a few spring pigs left. A. A. PATTLLUO, Deckcrville, Mich.





 





ADAMS BROS, Litchfleld, Mich. breeders of Imp. Chester

White and Tamworth swine. service boars. sows bred or

open. of either breed. Shorthorn Cattle, Bufl‘ Rook. Buff Wynn-

dotte, W. Orpington, Ckls. all breeding stock leading winners





“d —Bred gilts, males weighing from

0. lo C. S 118 150 to 250 lbs. Price and ty

right. Geo. P. Andrews, Dansville, Ingham Co., Mic .





 





 





0 I C ~Murch gigs with quality and best pedi<

0 U 0 rees. rder now and get. first choice.

0. J. HOMPSON. Rockford. Michigan.





9 —Best quality, large growthy

03 L C S For sale type, either sex. pairs not;

akin, some fine bred ilts choice lot. of fall pigs all

ages. OTTO B. so ULZE. Nashville. Michigan.





CHESTER \MHITESZ‘flilil ‘33“ l‘il‘f;

business of raisinvg Cheaters and Holstein cattle.

Both Phones. ’. 0. WILSON. Okemos. Mich.





 





 





 





0 | cls Bred sows all sold. 93 choice Mar. dz April

. - - I farrowed pirfis eithersex pairs not akin Reg.

in buyers name. Fred ickel. B. No. 1. Monroe, Mich.





0.1. 0. March Pigs and Saws ifigfttrgo‘ng

H. V“ CLARK, R. F. D. 4. Brighton. Michigan.





 





 





o I c, -All ages 25 young and 2 yearling

’ I I ‘ I sows, saferin pig. Price for a short.

time $22 to $30. H. H. JUMP. Munith, Michigan.





—Choice registered"pigs 8 to lfiiweeks

0- II c. old, from VVoi'ld's Fair W'inncrs.





 





- Glenwood Stock Farm, Zeeland, Mich. (Phone 94.)





 





' ' ' either sex. Pairs not.



0dr If. ct. IlllullceASl flllg Pfigs: dnkin. Ordeiinow and

.irs.cmice. igssne no 1‘ dB .

ree. HARRY '1‘. (YRANDI‘J I..OCA CITfillliICe .





——My herd is chiefly

0-. I: c. SWINE descent. of the Royal

struiln botlrnnilililes antd frinmlesf. get. my price before

you my. 1 re is or ree o c urge in purchaser’

name. A. J. GO DEN. R. No. 2. Dorr. Michigan. 8





D u R o c are Swear 5......

_ l s. , ‘-.

A. H. GUISBERT. G'l 0rd. iv'rfin‘izifxrlllm'

For Sale—A few b d f

nuroc Jerseys summer farrowingovavild rSprirY;

pigs both sex. I. A. BRAY, Okemos, Michigan.

DuRec-JERSEYs—s'aa‘iissa

sale. CAREY U. EDMONDS. Hastings, M chigan.

ounces—~25 Bred Bows. of hi h uality. 10

_ . Excellent Bears res y or service.

'70 Full Pigs both sex. Write or come and soc.

J. C. BARNEY. COLDWA'I‘ER. MICHIGAN.





ARGE TYPE P. C. Lar est; in Mich. Sept. & Oct.

_ pigs weigh 2‘30 to 300 ha. Sired by two largest.

boars and from largest sows in State. Come and see

and be convmced. W. E. Livingston. Parma, Mich,





' -—P. 0. Hours ready for ser ' . fa ll

Ba l'gall‘ls boar gigs. Prize winningffriczln

& Embden Geese. Z. K NE, Three ‘Caks. Mich.





POLANDsCHINAs—grgeo k i n g





n 1 1

spring pigs. WOOD 8L SUNS. Saline. Michigan? 1'





' ' either sex. F I] ‘

Lsgrlng PISS September fans“: 8W3;





. Barnes dc Son. Byron, Shiawassee 00.. Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





I PAY TIIE EXPRESS gsftifidfism





Pigs. JOHN H. BANGHART. Lansing, Michigan.





Three Extra Good Fall P. 0. Bears





By Next In Line. 32 spring male pigs ready to shi .

I ship C. 0. D. and furnish pedigree promptly. If

you want good as the best, write me for prices,





WM. WAFFLE, Goldwater, Michigan.





 





 





Butler's Famous Wonders—The big Poland-China,

, Without. a poor, combining. size, bone, ualitv.

We‘re head uarters for everything in Poland- hinas.

Herd boars, )rood sows, weanling nl , always for sale.

Registered Jersey Bulls of all a res or sale. our rices

are low. J. C. Butler, Portland, Mich. Bell P one.





BIG TYPE POLAND CHINA BOARS. also fall and

early spring pigs. B. P. Rock eggs $1.00 per 15.

ROBERT NEVE. Pierson, Michigan.





FOR SALE ERNIE}; YORKSHIRE PIGS.





Both sexes. Price reasonable.

MURRAY-WITEBMIN 00.. Mill IllBOll, Mlllll.

Lillie Farmstead Yorkshires‘fii’ioiwili

Oak_Lodge blood predominates. Large Herd. Three

service boars. Pairs and trims. not akin. Boar's ready

i‘ffl‘éiifibfi fli‘fié‘ife‘éi SW“ “”1. G M “ed ‘m

guaranteed. COLON C. LIEEI‘IEI, ggfinYI‘iltllgfafitlghY‘





 





 





 





 





 





B hh' ——Ten gilts .bred to the wonderful Duke

or Ins Pontiac Chief, to furrow in April or Me ,

No better breeding. 0. 8. Bartlett. Pontiac. Mic .





 





Please mention the Michigan Farmer when

you are writing to advertisers.





 





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I.





 





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E

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..—~......._.. ....__. . - ._,____-.





. . ,........_...,.. o. .





 





JULY 8,-.._‘1911.





. . . . ...

4





POULTRY 3





AJAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-





.SOME TROUBLES OF INQUIRERS DIS-

* CUSSED.





 





 





In the veterinary column of a recent

Farmer are several poultry queries whose

writers will no doubt be helped by a little



smore extended discussion of their difficul-

ties. In the case of Mrs. G. B., of Rod-

ney, Mich., the inquirer neglects to state

whether her CIileS run with hens or are

confined to brooders; likewise whether

they are yarded or have free range. If

brooder chicks, confined in yards, they

may need grit, or green , food, or

both. She says she feeds wheat

screenings and scraps. Does she mean

meat scraps or table scraps? If the lat-

ter, her chicks will need some form of

meat food, either ground beef scrap or

meat meal. Either of these foods may

be secured from the large packing houses.

Mix about 5 per cent of meat meal with

some ground feed—corn meal is all right

~—and feed it once a day moistened with

water, or with milk if you have it. This

is for chicks confined in yards. If at

liberty with hens they will no doubt pick

up bugs and worms enough to furnish the

meat supply. '



But first of all I would advise this in-

quirer to look for lice. About 90 per cent

of the ills of chicks are due to lice, con—

sequently it is necessary to be on a

watch for them, remembering that there

are several kinds of lice. The large grey

head louse that lays its nits on the head

and neck may be killed by greasing the

head and neck with melted lard into

which a few drops of kerosene have been

mixed. Then there is a smaller flesh-

colored louse which is found among the

thick feathers on the body; also a very

small white louse found in the hollows

under the wings. A good dusting with

insect powder is best for these. Last, but

not least, is the little red spider louse or

mite which breeds and lives in the coops,

attacking the chickens at night. These

parasites make poultry life miserable,

killing the chicks and decreasing the egg

supply.



If these chicks are in brooders, I sug-

gest 'that, during the morning when the

chicks are out in the yard, you paint the

inside of brooder with kerosene, using a

small paint brush or small piece of cloth

tied to a stick. Leave the brooder open

to air. At night, when all are back in

brooder, dust them well with insect pow-

der. Use Persian insect powder or pyre-





w'rwasiwt Hal-“WW

”flaw-w...» - __, w ‘ 4 . mu”





 





   





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





in sulphur, enough to make it yellow.

Apply this to the heads and necks, and

down a little way on the feathers. The

oil and sulphur are distasteful to them

and they will stop pulling and eating the

feathers. Then to increase their oppor-

tunity for exercise spade up one corner

of the yard and scatter a little whole

grain in it. This will give them some-

thing to think about besides standing

around and pulling feathers. Every day

or two spade up the patch and scatter a

little more grain. Wheat is best, as the

grains are small and require more

scratching to find them than does corn.



Make a mixture of ground beef scrap,

or meat meal, and wheat bran, using 1

part of the meat to 10 parts of bran.

Mix it thoroughly dry. Enough can be

mixed in a box or bin to last several days.

\Vet up enough for one feed at a time,

moistening it just enough to make it

stick together, and feed as much as they

will eat up clean once a day in troughs.

Do not feed it on the ground. Give them

some fresh green food also as the grass

in the yard may have become tough and

dirty. Throw in an armful of weeds.

Keep them busy and I think this inquirer

will soon have eggs. Meat food for hens

in confinement is necessary. Their na-

tural food is bugs, worms, grasshoppers,

etc. When confined they can not secure

these and something must be supplied to

take their place. MRS. G. H. FORCE.

SHELTERING POULTRY FROM THE



SUN.



\Vhere it is not convenient or practical

to give the poultry the run of an orchard

or grove it is necessary to provide shade

for the flock during the heat of mid—sum-

mer. There are many and various ways

of meeting this need and those who did

not look ahead and plant something in

the poultry yard which. by this time, is

shielding the fowls from the rays of the

sun, should provide a temporary shelter

of some sort without further delay. A

good plan is to plant, very early in the

season, some rapid growing vines. With

a few simple trellises for these to run

upon they will furnish some shade by

the first of .Tune and by the first of July

will be giving all the protection required.



In this connection we reproduce a pho-

tograph sent us by an Ingham county cor-

respondent, Mr. W. E. “lest, showing the

luxuriant growth made by the climbing

vine known as the Dutchman’s pipe. Its

botanical name is Aristolochia Sipho.

This vine, planted in the poultry yard,

could be relied upon from year to year

as it is not an annual and consequently

would not have to be planted afresh each





 





 





thrum, as some of the other kinds are

rather strong for young chicks, especially

those that smell like moth balls. 1f the

chicks are with hens treat the coops as

advised for the brooder and at night dust

both hens and chicks with the powder.



Loss of Feathers Indicative of Insect



Pests.



While the fowls of R. D. S., of Vir-

ginia, may require more exercise, as Dr.

Fair recommends, I suggest that a careful

search be made for the large grey head

lice. When these are present the hens

will scratch their heads and pick at the

neck feathers. Often, especially when

confined, the irritation leads to the habit

of feather eating, although this habit is

sometimes contracted' through idleness

alone. In either case the following will

be found beneficial: Melt some lard and

add one-fourth as much, kerosene. Stir





season.

ing the severest winters without freezing





It is perfectly hardy, withstand—





back. Mr. West considers it one of the

best climbers for screening porches, or

old walls or fences. It is a very rapid

grower, often attaining the height of 30

feet. The vine blossoms in June and is

quite a floral curiosity, bearing beneath

its heavy screen of large leaves thousands

of peculiar pipe-shaped flowers of a yel-

lowish brown color, each nearly two

inches in length. The leaves hold their

dark green color until late in the fall,

thus making it a very desirable vine

where a dense cooling shade is wanted.

It grows vigorously almost anywhere. The

specimen shown was grown by our cor-

respondent, and when the picture was

taken in—mid-summer—it completely cov-

ered a trellis eight feet high and twelve

feet long. '





CARE OF PE-KIN DUCKS.





 





There is probably no domestic fowl that

is so little understood, by the average

person, as the Pekin duck, although a

great many farmers keep the Pekins.



Pekin ducks are larger than others and

they are also larger feeders, especially

while young. Unlike a gosling, if a duck-

ling is forced to hunt his own living he

soon becomes worthless. Green food is

essential, but he can not thrive on grass

alone. Neither is whole grain a suitable

ration for young ducks. Some people feed

their ducklings whole wheat,





The result is anything but satisfactory.

The ducks are small, stunted creatures,

unfit for market or any other purpose.

Another common practice which always

Works mischief is having a hole in the

ground filled with water for the ducks to

drink and paddle in.



Never feed any mixture that is fer-

mented as this will cause convulsions.

All food should be clean, fresh and whole-

some. Grit is absolutely essential at all

times, but it should never be mixed with

the feed.

are sometimes forced to eat more grit

than they require.





the way of grit.





There is little danger of over—taxing‘

a Pekin duckling’s‘ digestion, after he is1

six weeks old, providing he has plenty:





of green food and grit along with the

other ration, which should be composed

of ground grains, cooked vegetables,

skim—milk, etc. Buttermilk or skim—milk,

should be used to moisten the ground

grain. Never give ducks milk to drink.

A mixture that ducks will grow very fast

upon is composed of cooked potatoes

mixed with equal parts corn meal and

bran with enough milk to moisten, with-

out being sloppy. When potatoes are used

they should not be added until after the

bran and meal have been moistened. If

the dry meal is added to the potatoes the

result is a gummy mass that the ducks

do not relish. Cooked turnips are some-

times used instead of potatoes. Cooked

cabbage makes a very good foundation

for the ground grain.



Ducks do not require a very highly

concentrated ration. Bran is an import-

ant factor in duck feeding. It should be

largely used while the ducklings are be-

ing forced for market and during the

laying period. A good mixture for either

flesh or egg production is composed of

one part corn meal, one part oat meal and

two parts wheat bran. This should be

well moistened with either milk or wat-

er. Add a little powdered charcoal and

also a little salt once a day. Do not con-

fine ducks. young or old. to one kind of

feed: they like a variety. If whole corn

must hr given. it should be soaked over

night. They rclish an occasional feed of

green corn. cut from the cob.



My young ducks are fed five times a

day, when being fattened. “’62 give them

all they will cut up clean, each time.

Their food boards are cleaned often, and

fresh water to drink is given with every





meal and also bctwccn meals. Ducks



must have shade in hot weather. An or-



chard is a good place if properly fenced.

Ohio. . A. C.





PREPARING THE EARLY CHICKS FOR

MARKET.





The chicks that were hatched early are

nearing the marketable stage. All but

the likely looking pullcts which it is de-

sired to retain for early winter layers

should be separated from the flock and

prepared for market. To fatten them so

that thc muscles will he Soft and tender

they should hc confined in small pens or

fattening crates for two or three wceks

before they are killed and sold. Chick-

ens weighing from three to four pounds

each, that are thrifty and of good breed-

ing, should make most profitable gains.



Fattening crates are usually made 6

ft. long, 18 to 20 in. high and 18 in. wide.

The crate is divided into three compart-

ments, each holding from four to six

birds, according to the size of the chick-

ens. The crate is made of slats usually

1%. in. wide by % in. thick~laths will

answer. Those in front are placed 2 in.

apart to allow the birds to put their

heads through for feeding.

on the bottom are placed (34 in. apart to

allow the droppings to go through. Care

should be taken not to have the first bot-

tom slat at the back fit too closely against

the back or the droppings will collect and

decompose. The slats on the bottom

should be 1 in. by 15 in. and run length-

wise of the crate. The slats on the back

and top are usually two inches apart.





 





cracked

corn, etc, the same as they feed chicks. ,





If added to the feed the ducks.





Clean, sharp sand and 1

coal cinders seem to be all they need in,





 





y Wort

Protecting ?





A few dollars invested in the Dodd System

will protect your home from lightning.

Not lor a thousand times the cost would

you have tho lightnlng strike one 0! your

loud ones.



Then be wise in time. Make the small in-

vestment now that insures safety. You

can't doubt the evidence that the





Dodd System





oi Lightning

does mean safety. The fire insurance com-





Protection

—

; anies make it their business to know.





i hey do know. Over 2000. of them_en-

dorse the Dodd System. Their resolutions

are direct. positive, personal. They endorse

i the Dodd System of Lightning Protection





 





   





1 by name. They mention no other system.





The Dodd System is guaranteed. A bind-

ing written contract insures your money

back or damage made good, if da _ age ever

occurs. You cannot lose a do lar. Act

now. Read our great Lightning Book and

be convinced. Filled with facts, Vivid

lightning scenes, explanations, resolutions

of endorsement, the whole subject of light-

ning. its cause, how controlled, etc. A

large book. finely illustrated and printed,

FREE. Address to-day





DOD!) 8: STRUTHERS





429 6th Avenue Des Moines, [own





 





 





 





 





   





on my 1911 Split; Hickory Auto-

Seat Buggy. Or, 25% saving

guaranteed on retail price of on



vehicle. Made to order. Bodays’

road test—ayear guarantee.





Let Me Pay the

Postage on Big

Free Book to You





Shows In styles. Also harness.

Beautiful color-views. Prices aston-

ishingly low. Write me now.



H. 0., Phelps, Pros.

‘l‘ho OhlnCari-iago ”13.00.

Stu. 82. Columbus. 0. '





 

   

 





   





 

 

 





   

 

 

 





 

 

   

 





 





“ EGGMAKERS ”‘§.‘..Cg'. fi-‘z‘lié‘rjoléif’i‘éi“fiIodigits

WM. J. COOPER. Mt. Pleasant. Michigan.

EGGS FOR HATCHmGfirifidflmig‘fi

White and Columbian, White Hollan Turkeys. and

White Guineas. Z. INNE, Three Oaks. Mich.





 





 





. .

White LeghornS—R‘iw fir giggle1 comb cook-

per 15. Ray . Graham?rfi.B-Ii‘. Démlilofnlx.l i‘?fif€.$llllti‘cg?

LlLLlE FARHSTEAD POULTRY

B.'P. Rocks. R. I. Reds. W. anndottes and S. 0.





W.

Leghorn eggs for sale. 15 for $1; 26 for $1.50; 50 for

$2.00. COLON C. LILLIE. Coopersville, Mich.





 





 





GGS: EGGS: EGGS—“'hite & Bufi' O ington.



VJ Mhite & Barred Rocks Black & White ll inorcas.

White & Bull Leghorns. Ilene & Single Comb Reds.

lloudiins & White Crested Blk Polish. H. II. King, Willis, Mich,





 





THOROUGHBRED S. C. BltOVVN LEGHORN E

at. $1.00 gar 1:) or $5.00 per 100. Stock all sold?

LEWIS '1‘. 0 PENLANDER. R. No. 4. Lansing, Mich.





 





Rocks. $1 a setting. $1.50 tor two settings.





Eggs—Light. Brahma. White Wyandotte and Barred

E. l). BISHOP. Route 38. Lake Odessa. Michigan.





 





B. c. B. Leghorn Cockerelsilfié‘llfi i2?-'£i‘?5 $3?" 13553

in season. 0. W. WAITE, Gobleville. Michigan.





SINGLE coma iiici Mlioncisarmiz‘?’ 93.1;

51.50 per setting. R. W. MILLS, Saline. ichigan.





ILVER, GOLDEN and “’HITE WYANDOTTE

8 Eggs $1.50 per 15; $2.50 per 30. A few White Roostegs

left, oircular free. 0. W. Browning. Portland. Mich.





FOR SAL —S. 0.'and R. 0. Rhode Island

R d A . . '



$2.75; 100 for $5. BUELLeBIfgg. £30333 figigi’f



WHITE WYANll0T1Es—E“.?i“ih?.tdw2?3fi$‘“" The





l ,

pays. A. FRANKLIN SMITH. Ann Arb033311‘gl‘1d.





 





 





 





DOGS.





 





 





The slats .





OW WRITE W. J. ROSS Rochester Mich for

those beautiful sable and h't d t "' H

' Puppies. Finest; breeding. gathSalnworklggl.or Collie





l Twentyfivo Hound Pups' All bred from the best of





trained Coon hunting ar-

ents, send stamp. W. E. LECKY. Holmesvllle. lilo





 





When writing to adver-

tisers please mention the

Michigan Farmer.
The. Michigan Farmer





nu: LAWRENCE PUBLISHING ca,

”"033 AND PROPRMOIS.





aniscmsumwarmm

Timon Km 55.

Raw You Omen—41 Park Row.

Omcaeo Orrin—ll) lint Net'l. Bank Build .

Column Omen—10114015 recon Ave, N.

Gm Rams Oman—6 ‘6 New Hewkinefluilding.





 





M. J. LAWRENC:.................... ........ President.

ll. L. mwnmw ......Vi -Preeident.

n n. HOUGHTON.... .........°°e.o.-rm..





I. B. WATEBBUBY........ ..................}





 





0. E. YOUNG.................................

BURT WEBMUTH............ ...... .........

ALTA LAWSON man..................

I. E. HOUGHTON.... ......Bneineee Menace!

TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION:





Five Years 260 “E3...“





A-ociete

Editors.





 





 





Ego Years, 156 Copies, Postpaid . . . ..... $2.!

, 52. mil .............................. a.”

Six lath. 3.05., "DIM ........................ ”a co.





mmmsumflo-navmmhm





Al ways send money by draft. poetcdloe money order.

tutored letter or by recs. We will not be re-

sponsible for mono cent in others. Addre- all con:-

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RATES OF ADVERTISING:



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inch. each insertion. with Runnable discount on

orders amounting to 94 or over. No edv't inserted

for less than 81.3) per insertion.



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tisements inserted at any price.



Entered as second cla- matter at the Detroit. Elohi-

gan poetoflloe.





COPYRIGHT 19"

by the Lawrence Pub. Co. All persons are warned

net reprinting any portion of the contents of

this issue without our written permission.





 





 





 





T





 





WE GUARANTEE to stop THE

“lCHlGAN FARMER immediately

upon expiration of time subscribed

for, and we will pay all expenses for

defending any suit, brought against

any subscriber to The Michigan

Farmer by the publisher of any farm

paper, which has been sent after the

time ordered has expired, providing

due notice is sent to us, before suit

is started.



Avoid further trouble by refusing

to subscribe for any farm paper

which does not print, in each issue,

a definite guarantee to stop on expir-

ation of subscription.



The Lawrence Pub. 00.,



. Detroit, Mich.





 





 





 





 





DETROIT. JULY 8. I911.





 





 





CURRENT COMMENT.

After an investiga-

The Penny Postage tion into the cost of

Propaganda. carrying different

classes of mail mat-

ter, which was conducted by officials of

the Post Office Department, the an-

nouncement was made by government

authorities that the profit to the govern-

ment on the carrying of first-class mail

aggregates $60,000,000 per annum. This

announcement has stimulated the advo—

cates of one—cent letter postage to insti-

tute a campaign for the reduction of the

late on first-class mail matter to one

cent an ounce. These leading advocates

of penny postage for letters are organ-

ized and ready for an active campaign.

'l‘heir organization is known as the Na—

tional One—cent Letter Postage Associa-

tion, with headquarters at Cleveland, 0.,

and already they have begun a publicity

campaign with a view of creating a

strong popular demand for one-cent let-

ier postage which would be heeded by

congress.



At first thought the idea of one-cent

letter postage will prove an attractive

one to the average man, but upon care-

ful analysis and mature consideration we

do not believe it will prove an attractive

proposition to the average Michigan

Farmer reader. In the first place, it

must be remembered that while our post

office as an institution is not; run for

profit, but to serve the people of the

country in facilitating communication

and distributing information, yet the cost

of that service must in some manner be

paid. Usually the revenue of the depart—

ment has not paid its expenses, and there

has been an annual deficit that had to

be made good through an appropriation

by congress. This year, for the first

time, the department was self-supporting,

and straightway there arises a demand

for cheaper letter postage, which would

again create a deficit which would have

to be met with funds derived from some

source. Already there has been a pro-

posal, which had the approval of the

Postmaster General, to increase the post-

age on second-class matter from one to

four cents per pound, the claim being

made by the Department that second—

class mail is now carried at a loss,

although it is incomprehensible to the

layman just how the relative cost of car-

rying different classes of mail could be

ascertained with a degree of accuracy





 





' D

' )





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





‘when all are handled by the same people

and carried in the same conveyances.

But, however this may be, the subject is

being investigated by a congreslonal com-

mittee at the present time, and a com—

mission appointed by the President will

begin sittings in New York this month

for the purpose of going over the data

collected on the subject by the Post

Office Department and for the granting

of hearings to interested parties who de-

sire to be heard.



Now the facts are, that whatever may

be the result of the inquiries above re-

ferred to, the reduction of letter postage

to one cent per ounce would principally

benefit the big business interests in the

large cities. which interests new con-

tribute far more heavily to this depart-

ment of the postal service than the ag-

gregate of all the private citizens of the

country. both urban and rural. Obvious-

ly. if they are relieved of this support to

the postal system. someone must make

up the deficit, and this would most likely

be accomplished by an increase of the

present rate on second-class matter, an

increase which would necessarily be

passed on to the public by the publishers

of papers and periodicals in increased

subscription rates. Thus the cost of

maintaining the postal service would be

much heavier on the average rural resi—

dent than at present, unless he accepted

the alternative of curtailing his reading

matter.



But there is another and still broader

reason why the average rural resident

should not favor this idea upon serious

reflection. Each recurring census shows

an increase in urban population. and a

decrease in rural population. which marks

an ever increasing concentration of busi-

ness in the centers of population. One

reason for this already too great con-

centration of business is the facility

which the postal service affords the city

man for reaching out to all parts of the

country to secure business. The cost of

our postal service is not based on dis-

tance. The city business man can reach

any point in the country for two cents,

or just as cheaply as he can reach any

person in his own city through the same

medium. This is an advantage of which

the city business interests now take such

general cognizance that they furnish the

great bulk of the first-class mail matter.

If they are relieved of one-half of the

charge now made for this service, the

largest percentage of the charge from

which they would be so relieved by the

granting of a penny letter postage rate

would of necessity be saddled onto the

people of the small towns and the rural

districts, whose saving in letter postage

would be small in comparison to this in-

creased burden which would surely fall on

them in increased cost of the second-class

mail matter which they receive, to say

nothing of the further advantage which

would be given to the big cities in a

business way, and further concentration

of business will inevitably further in-

crease the cost of distribution to the

detriment of producer and consumer

alike. This, then, is a proposition upon

which the country resident should think

carefully, before committing himself to

the penny postage propaganda.





As noted in our com-

ment of last week

the situation in the

United States senate, rélating to the con-

sideration of the reciprocity pact, has

become somewhat tangled. So far as in-

dicated by reports from the scene of ac—

tion little progress has been made to

date in ironing out the differences which

exist and, of course, little progress could

be expected until after theadjournment

for the great national holiday. Just what

compromise may be reached regarding

the fixing of a date for a vote on the

reciprocity bill and the other two bills

upon which it is expected the senate will

be obliged to act, as noted last week. it

is impossible to predict at this time. Be-

liable advices would indicate, however,

that a determined effort will be made to

amend the reciprocity pact in important

particulars, such as the placing of flour,

cured and canned meats, manufactured

lumber and a few other commodities on

the same basis as the raw material from

which they are produced, so as to reduce

the measure of injustice which would be

done to American agriculture through the

workings of this pact. It is intimated

that this may be done through the com-

bined influence of certain republican sen-

ators who are strenuously opposed to the

bill as it now stands and other members

of the senate who are in favor of a gen-

eral reduction of tariff schedules. [How-

ever, it is certain that the President will





The Senate Tangle.





continue to oppose all amendments to the

bill, and the outcome will doubtless de-

pend to a large degree on the policy

which the democratic leaders y pur-

sue with regard to forcing the c sidera-

tion of their bill providing for a. reduc-

tion of the wool tariff and the general

tariff bill‘ which they have prepared. This

would indicate that the tangle will not be

straightened out at once, and that the

general business of the country will con-

tinue to suffer from the uncertainty of

the situation for an indefinite period.





Of all men, the farmgr

should be an optimist, not

alone because his present

happiness demands it, but

as well for the reason that, as a. general

proposition, dame nature is more than

likely to reward his labors more liberally

than he could believe, if of a pessimistic

frame of mind. Truly, it takes some

strength of character to be an optimist





Optimism vs.

Pessimism.





under unfavorable conditions. When the

spring rains are interfering with the

planting and cultivating of crops, as





they did in spots in Michigan this sea-

son, it is difficult to accept the situation

with good grace, especially where the

outlook for some of the main crops is

made dubious at the outset. In like man-

ner, it takes a still stronger character to

remain wholly cheerful when the mid-

summer sun and the hot winds are sap-

ping the last of the reserve of moisture

in the soil in localities which were missed

by the local showers which caused the

absence of the usual spring rains to pass

unnoticed in other sections of the state.

But this is not the first season when the

season’s prospects were threatened by

flood or drought or other unfavorable

conditions in the particular locality in

which any one of us may live, nor is it

likely to be the last. A pessimistic View

of the situation will not change the con-

ditions, for it is a condition and not a

theory with which we have to deal. The

only apparent effect of harboring pessi—

mistic thoughts will be upon ourselves.

but that effect will be marked. It will

make us and those about us needlessly

miserable, and will, in a measure. at

least, unfit us for the duties which lie at

our hand, and mayhap to a degree which

will spell ultimate failure, where the cui-

tivation of an optimistic temperament

might have won us success. The things

which we cannot control had far better

be accepted gracefully and without need—

less personal discomfort on our part.

Quite generally the “silver lining” of the

“clouds" which cast their unwelcome

shadows o'er life's pathway is brighter

than was anticipated, often making but

a shadow of the memory of the cause of

many miserable hours or days, which

might have been made more cheerful

through the cultivation of the virtue of

optimism. For optimism may be properly

termed a virtue, while pessimism is a

disease which is infectious in malignant

cases, and which should be avoided by

every healthful mind.





Almost every year there

is a new swindle devel-

oped for the purpose of

getting easy money from

the farmer. Quite often this takes the

form of some new and wonderful variety

of grain which, it is represented, will

prove enormously profitable. Notwith-

standing the lessons which have been af-

forded the puolic in “Bohemian oats,"

“Red line" and “Alaska" wheat and oth-

er similar schemes which might be men—

tioned, there always seem to ,be a new

crop of victims ready for the harvest

when a new scheme of this kind is devel-

oped by the class of ”sharks" who con-

duct these operations. This season the

scheme appears to have been varied by

adding the feature of antiquity to that of

romance and the other factors which

have enhanced the allurement of other

similar schemes. A report comes from

Washington that a new strain of “Egyp-

tian” wheat is being offered in various

parts of the country, which it is claimed

was propagated from grain found in the

tombs of the Egyptian mummies. The

Department of Agriculture is issuing a

warning against the people who are try-

ing to palm of such claims on the Am-

erican farmers, it being declared by the

officials by way of proof of the falsity of

their claims that the germ in a grain of

wheat will not survive for a longer pe-

riod than ten years, and that wheat can-

not be successfully used for seed after it

it has been kept for a period of ten years

or longer. There should be little need of

a warning to thinking farmers against

a scheme of this kind, but a general

warning against all schemes whose sole

aim is to get easy money from the farm-





The Improved

Seed Shark.





 





 





J ULY 8. 1911.





are would not be out or place. 'It is a

good plan- to let this class of sharks seek

other fields for their labors. and it is a

matter for congratulation that they do

not as a class find the rural communities

as susceptible to their game, as the great

army of promotion sharks do the urban

communities.



The publishers of

the Michigan

Farmer are re-

ceiving so many

inquiries from people who are receiving

bills for papers which they never ordered

or which have been sent to them beyond

the time subscribed for, that we have

deemed it advisable to address a word to

our readers on this subject. The best

thing to do in such a. case is to notify

the postmaster or rural carrier that you

do not want the paper, and then refuse

to accept further copies of it from the

post office or from the rural mail box.

Then the postmaster will notify the pub-

lishers that the paper remains uncalled

for at the office and that unless it is stop—

ped further issues sent will be destroyed.

This constitutes legal notice to the pub-

lishers, and. no further bills for sub-

scription would have any standing if an

attempt were made to collect them in a.

court of law. As a matter of fact, such

bills are rarely pressed to the point of

bringing suit, although there is a legal

responsibility on the part of the actual





Refuse to Accept Uri”-

desired Papers. 5





subscriber for one year beyond the time.





subscribed for if the publications are

taken from the post office or accepted

from the rural carriers. The publishers.

however. are not allowed to send their

publications for more than one year to

any person whose subseription is not

paid, for which reason no publisher will

be likely to attempt to collect a. back

subscription for a longer period of time

than one year.



The best policy to pursue is to refuse

to subscribe for any publication, the pub-

lishers of which do not agree to stop on

the expiration of the time subscribed for.

The Michigan Farmer publishes in each

issue a guarantee to stop the paper upon

the experiation of the subscription, and

no reputable publisher who desires to

give the public a square deal will send

his publication after the subscriber's time

has expired and then annoy him with

bills which the recipient is under no

moral obligation to pay.





HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.





National.





Last Sunday the thermometer reached

90 degrees upon the roof of the Majestic

building, Detroit, while upon the streets

the mercury raised to the 111 mark. Ac~

cording to the figures of the weather

bureau, it was the hottest day in 20

years. On July 17, 1887, the official rec~

0rd was 101 and on August 12, 1881, it was

99. In Pittsburg the day was the hottest

that city had experienced in 10 years.

In Chicago the official temperature was

taken at 100 and five deaths are known to

have resulted from the heat in that place.





The movement of grain and stock for

the country for the month of May ex—

ceeded the record shipments during the

same month for 1910 and 1909, from the

figures published by the bureau of sta~

tistics.



President Taft speaks this week to

three audiences in Indiana upon currency

reform, arbitration and reciprocity.





The second division of the North At-

lantic squadron of the American navy

left Kiel, Germany, where the officers and

men have been enjoying the hospitality

of that country, and will return home by

the north of Scotland route, an unusual

course for American naval vessels.



President Taft has given orders for the

removal of several regiments from the

Mexican border, leaving only enough sol-

diers to meet any emergencies that might

arise in the adjustment of matters with

the new administration.



A shipment of 1,600 tons of uncolored

tea arrived at Puget Sound last week,

which is the largest cargo of the season.

The product is of this season’s crop.





In an action by the federal govern-

ment against the “eastern box board

club,” which is declared to be an organi-

zation in restraint of untrade, 39 persons

were made defendants. It was thought

that the government had put the combi-

nation out of business when they dis—

solved the “fiber and manila associa-

tion." The former club has been organ-

ized since the latter was dissolved and

many of the same parties are connected

with both concerns. ’



The Illinois Humane Society at Alton.

Illinois, has adopted resolutions favoring

the abolishment of the two-deck stock

car for shipping live calves.



Exports of hog products from this

country have increased to 22,743,000 lbs..

mmparea with 12,290,000 lbs. a year ago.

the largest gains being in lard and bacon.





In the annual eight-cred ‘varsity race

between Harvard and Yale the crew of

the former institution showed their supe-

riority by winning at the end of the four-

mlle course with 14 lengths between the

boats of the competing crews. In the

contest between crews from Cornell, Col-





 





umbia, Pennsylvania. Wisconsin and 87-
the current year.





 





" o





JULY 8, 1911..





‘racuse the men representing the first-





named institution were declared the win-

ners at the meet at Poughkeepsie, N. Y.,

last week.



The "public utilities” bill which has

been before. the Connecticut legislature

for the past-four years was passed by

both houses of that body last week after

a long fight.



The federal government through her

district attorney has brought suit against

what is termed the “magazine trust"

asking its dissolution as an organization

in restraint of trade.



The official figures of the bureau of

statistics shows that the United States

produces more cotton than any other

country of the world, her production of

this crop amounting to 9,585,500,000 lbs.

and valued at 31.250.000.000. India is her

closest competitor.



The federal supreme court have advised

the district courts to see that the Ameri-

can tobacco trust is dissolved, the thirty

days in which the defendant company

was permitted to ask for a rehearing hav—

ing expired.



The federal grand jury investigating

the steel trust have returned indictments

against a number of subsidiary companies

and persons connected with that concern

but not against the company itself.



In Chicago 14 lumbermen were indicted

by a federal wand jury who are trying

to determine whether the Sherman anti-

trust law had been violated by a combi-

nation of lumbermen in restraining trade.



Edward Hines, president of a lumber

company of Chicago, testified before the

senate committee that President Taft

urged the election- of Senator Lorimer

to that body. The testimony was an-

swered by a denial from the White House.



Four men were killed by the falling of

the walls of the new water works station

at Bufi'alo.





Foreign.





A severe battle took place near Oporto,

Portugal, between the republicans and

monarchists last week. Already the gov-

ernment has sent 47,000 troops to the

frontier to protect the country against

organized forces entering from Spain.



Unless Spain and France withdraw from

the present invasion of Morocco, Ger-

many will insist upon her right to camp

troops in that part of Africa to be ready

to take a slice of the country should it

be partitioned off between the nations.

Spain and France are not pleased because

of the stand taken by their neighbor, but

it is generally believed that any other

move would be less likely to bring about

as speedy a settlement of affairs.



The new administration in Mexico is

evincing some animosity toward American

interests, according to reports, and dem—

onstrations have been made, together

with protests to the government looking

to the elimination of monopolistic inter-

ests, chiefly those with which Americans

are connected.



Ele‘cti n riots at Kalusz, eastern Gali-

cia, resulted in 200 persons being injured.

It became necessary to call out troops.

Farm buildings, lines of communication

and other damage resulted from the out—

break.



Chinese attacked and drove back the

Russians from the frontier post of the

Amur river district, destroying Russian

signs and navigation buoys along the

Amur and Ussuri rivers.



It is announced that the Canadian Pa-

cific will absorb the Erie railroad and

thereby cbmpletc connections for direct

service to New York city.





Ll ARMERS’ cums;3





“ALLA

OFFICERS OF THE STATE ASSOCIA-

TION OF FARMERS' CLUBS.





President—B. A. Holden, Wixom.



Vice—Pres, J. D. Leland, Corunna.



Secretary—Mrs. C. P. Johnson, Meta-

mora.



Treasurer——Mrs. Lewis Sackett, Eckford.



Directors~—A. R. Palmer, Jackson; Wm.

H. Marks, Fair Haven; C. L. Wright,

Caro; E. W. Woodruff, Blanchard; C. P.

Johnson, Metamora; Patrick Hankerd,

Munith.



Address all communications relative to

the organization of new Clubs to Mrs. C.

P. Johnson, Me'tamora, Mich.





 





 





 





Associationai‘ Motto.—

The skillful hand, with cultured mind,

is the farmer’s most valuable asset.





 





Associational Sentiment.—

The farmer, he garners from the Soil

the primal wealth of nations.





YEARLY PROGRAMS.





 





The Washington Center Farmers’ Club.



This Gratiot County Club has a most

attractively arranged program. The cov-

er page, aside from the name of the Club

and the date, presents the Associational

Motto and Sentiment, together with the

announcement that the regular meetings

are held on the second Thursday of each

month. Each succeeding page contains

the program for a single monthly meet-

ing, while the back cover is devoted to

a list of the officers and committees for

The farms of the mem-

bers" are named and the farm name ap-

pears, together with that of the host and

hostess at the head of each program.

The order of business is repeated in each

case. making each program complete in

itself without reference to any other page





 





   





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





of the booklet. Roll call- is responded to

in various ways. which gives variety to

this feature of the programs. The musi~

cal and literary numbers of the programs

are also announced for each meeting,

making the program complete in this

respect. Two or more questions of a

practical or educational nature are pro-

vided for each meeting. In many cases

these are arranged with special relation

to the season, as the January program,

for which meeting the first discussion

deals with methods of improving the Club

and its work and of getting the young

people interested in the work by placing

more of the responsibility for its conduct

upon them. The special feature meetings

are a basket picnic in August and a Club

fair in September. The calendar year is

made the fiscal year of the Club, which

brings the annual meeting in December.

All-day meetings are held from January

to April, inclusive, and from October to

December, inclusive, the mid-summer

meetings being called at 1:30 p. m. Alto-

gether this is one of the most complete

of the yearly programs which have been

received from any of the local Clubs for

the current year, and should prove of

great value to the Club and its members.





 





CLUB DISCUSSIONS.





 





Children's Day Meeting.—The Hadley

and Elba Farmers' Club, of Lapeer Co.,

held their Annual Children’s Day meet-

ing at The Maples. June 15, with Mr. and

Mrs. H. P. Kelley. The roll call response,

“Children's Sayings,” proved very amus-

ing. The program furnished by the chil-

dren consisting of recitations, vocal and

instrumental music, etc., elicited hearty

applause. This was our second children’s

meeting which is already considered one

of the strong features of the Club. About

90 people enjoyed the program and sump-

tuous» tea on the spaci0us lawn and are

anxiously waiting for the Children’s Day

of 1912. The next meeting will be Pioneer

Day, July 4, at the Hadley Town Hall.

Much enthusiasm is shown and a great

meeting is expected—Mrs. C. 1’. Johnson,

Secretary.



Honor a Pioneer Member.—The rain

on the morning of June 17 did not pre-

vent the gathering of 75 members for the

monthly meeting of the lngham County

Farmers’ Club. It was about two o‘clock

when the vice-president, Mrs. llorton,

called the meeting to order. In part she

said: “We have the distinction of being

the oldest Club in the state and of the

faithful few who organized better than

they knew, two of the charter members

are still living and both with us today—«—

Col. Ives, our president, and Judge Bris—

tol. As President Ives has recently

brought into our ranks as an active





.member one who has long been an hon-





orary member, I will ask Judge Bristol to

extend a few words of greeting to Mr.

and Mrs. Ives. Judge Bristol, in a pleas—

ing way, extended our best wishes and

presented to them, from the Club, a beau-

tiful brass jardiniere and a graceful fern,

symbols of strength, endurance and

growth. In response Mrs. Ives said she

was reminded of a person looking every

where for a four—leaved clover and com-

ing home found it at her door, and hoped

to always have as shining a countenance

and bright as the brass.



A Community Picnic Planned.——Presi-

dent Ives took the chair and said it was

net necessary for any such token to

know that the Farmers‘ Club was loyal,

but appreciated it just the same, and as

a starter for the afternoon he would give

Rev. Simmons a chance to talk about the

community picnic. He believed in pic-

nics. The more we know people, the

more we love them and appreciate their

true worth. Rev. Simmons explained the

project, that we have our churches. our

fraternal organizations and our Clubs,

each doing its work; but his idea was to

have one day when they would all meet

together and get better acquainted and

know more what the other is doing. “'9

get busy with our own cares and neglect

the community. Judge Wiest was called

out and said this was the third meeting

of the Club that he had attended at Mr.

Russell's, that be approved of picnics

and enjoyed a good dinner. He often

had picnics at his farm and any gather-

ing where the ministers, the lawyers, the

merchants, the farmers or followers of

any vocation were gathered together were

helpful. Messrs. Jewett, Webb, Barber

and others approved of the picnic, when

a resolution was presented and adopted

that the Farmers’ Club approve of a

community picnic and that a committee

of four ladies and four gentlemen be ap-

pointed to work with other committees

to make plans.



Why Fruit Trees Should be Sprayed.—



Julius W. Chapin gave an interesting

talk on “Why we spray our fruit trees."

He said the pests that we are fighting are

of two classes—the fungus and insect.

The fungus diseases are the growths on

decayed matter, the yeast that produces

mold, the blight that attacks potatoes,

beans, cucumbers and berries. The in-

sect pests are divided into three classes

—the scraping, sucking and chewing, and

some of the worst pests to fight are those

that come from some other county, like

the San Jose Scale. He Spoke of the state

law that one cannot spray when fruit

trees are in blossom, and by telling the

different preparations for the different

diseases he showed his familiarity with

the subject. The next meeting will be

August 12. with Mr. and Mrs. F. H. Mc-

Cormick, at‘ Mulberry Lawn Farm. and

will be young people’s day—Mrs. Tans-

well, Cor. Sec.





 





Our Motto—“The Farmer is of more

consequence than the farm, and should be

first improved."





 





THE JULY PROGRAMS.





Suggestions for Second Meeting.





(Men’s Part).



Song.



What is the best tool I use?



Which would be more profitable, a rid-

ing plow or a vacuum cleaner?



Solo, in pantomime.



Which would probably be the best in-

vestment, a hay-tedder, a manure spread-

er. or an acetylene gas plant?



What would be the comparative advan-

tages of a set of reading-course books,

and a baseball and bat?



If you had your choice,

choose an automobile or a.

course, and why?



Review of the best farm paper I read.



Instrumental music.





(Women's Part).





would you

coHege





Duet.



Does education unfit girls for farm life?



Selections from the best woman's pa-

per or magazine I know.



What is the best drink to send to the

field with lunch on a hot day?



‘What constitutes good and bad man-

ners at the telephone?



Illustrated reading.



(Good Things to Eat).



Custards (with samples) served by five

Women.



ll’afers (with samples) served by five

men.





THE GRANGE AND RURAL SCHOOLS.





 





The first educational duty of the

Grange, beyond the development of its

own members, is toward rural schools.

This duty takes three forms.



1. The Grange, as a whole, must be

active in discussing and selecting such

studies and methods as will fit rural

schools to meet the needs of country peo-

ple. lt must not leave the proposing and

installing of such studies and methods to

the school profession alone, but should

co-operate with teachers and students of

educational systems to work out the best

possible plans for present-day rural needs.



2. Each subordinate Grange ought to

be worthy of recognition as the best in-

strument through which schools of its

neighborhood may appeal to their pa—

trons. Here, in the forum of the local

Grange, should be promoted plans that

will make each school a strong factor in

the life of its district and of its pupils.

Here should be cultivated a sentiment

which will demand efficiency above every-

thing else and include willingness to pay

reasonably for it. Here should be squarely

faced the question, “Are the grounds and

buildings attractive to our children and

do they love their schools; if not, what

can ibis Grange do to bring about these

desired results?" It comes within the

province of the Grange to promote senti-

ment in. favor of larger school grounds,

more shade, and simple apparatus for

play. The Grange should encourage the

teaching of such subjccls as make the

home environment of the child~agricul-

turc and domestic science. if schools are

small, the Grange affords the best pos-

sible means for getting together on Some





consolidation scheme by which every

child may have acccss to thoroughly

Competent and attractive schooling.



3. Every pulronwrman or womun-who

owns property or is parent or guardian of

a child, may and should evince interest

in the common schools by his or bcr

Study of their necds and possibilities. and

by taking an active part in the annual

school meeting, which occurs, this year,

on July 10. JENNIE BUELL.





DIRECT VOTING FOR U. S. SENATORS

ON THE WAY.



The proposition to elect I'nited States

Senators by direct vote seems nearer

realization than ever before and Patrons

the country over will note the present

prospect for this change, which the

Grange has so vigorously advocatcd for

many years, with undisguised satisfac—

tion. The present status of the measure

may be described as follows: Several

weeks ago the senate passed the resolu~

tion which calls for the required amend-

ment to the federal constitution, that ac—

tion marking the successful culmination

of an effort that has extended over more

than a quarter of a century to bring this

question before the state legislatures. The

resolution passed the senate by a vote of

64 to 24, two-thirds of those present, or

59, being necessary to carry the 91-09051-

tion.



Theresolution as adopted. however,

carrifd with it the so-cailed Bristow



\





‘7





L





 





 





(9) 29





amendment which necessitates its return

to the house of representatives, which

had already passed it. If the house acts

favorably upon the resolution in its

amended form, which seems likely, it

will go to the states for ratification as an

amendment to the United States consti-

tution.



The Bristow amendment aims to retain

in the federal government power to pre-

scribe the manner, time and place of

holding elections for United States sen-

ators. The southerners opposed the

amendment on the ground that it would

give the federal government power to

interfere with the so-called grandfathers'

clauses in the constitutions of the south-

ern states. The vote on the Bristow

amendment was a tie, 44 to 44, and Vice;

President Sherman cast the vote which

tacked the amendment to the resolution.





AMONG THE LIVE GRANGES.





Ironton Grange, of Charlevoix Co., had

an attendance of 65 at its regular meet-

ing on June 13. An application for mem-

bership was received and one candidate

was given the first and second degrees.

This Grange voted to make a cash ‘con-

tribution toward the erection of the

Grange exhibition building on the Char-

levoix county fair grounds, which move-

ment was started by the Pomona Grange

a few weeks ago. Grange also voted to

make an exhibit of fruit at the fair and

appointed a committee to have charge of

same.



Rathbone Grange, of Gratiot Co., met

June 20 with a good attendance. Mrs.

Youry reported that the proceeds from

.the social held two weeks ago were $8.15.

Bert Stowe and wife were then given

the third and fourth degrees. Motion

made and seconded that we take up a

collection for Sister Elsie Smith, of .lac-

ob‘s Grange. Proceeds $2.40. Our secre—

tary was instructed to order a car of

coal. Next meeting will not be held until

July 18. Lecturer’s hour was taken up.

Roll call responded to with readings. Pen-

ny march receipts 17 cents.



The Picnic Program carried out by

Hesperia Grange recently was onc which

should commend itself to Oranges at this

season. Every Grange in the slate should

endeavor to have at least one such meet-

ing during July or August. A leading

feature of the event was an excellent pic-

nic dinner in the woods at Elm bridge.

The program consislcd of wading in the

river by the children, bathing by the

small boys, old—fashioned visiting by the

older members who also greatly enjoyed

the natural Iwuuly of the spot selected

for the picnic, especially the beautiful

river hurrying on its way to the great

lakes. Like all fleeting pleasures the day

ended all too soon but the occasion was

so thoroughly enjoyed that this Grange

is planning to hold another such meeting

before Vibe end of the picnic season.





A Real Holiday Meeting—At least once

a year the members of Chesterfield

Grange, of Macomb Co., are invited to

declare a holiday and mcct at the pala-

tial home of Bro. J. M. llull, on Boston

boulevaid, Detroit. Chesterfield Grange

has no ball but ,meets at the homes of

members. Bro. ilall, although no longer

directly intercsted in farming, retains his

interest in the organization and attends

its meetings as regularly as his business

affairs will permit. 0n \Vedncsday, June

21, the Grange was invited to hold its

meeting at his home, and the members,

over 50 strong, came to Detroit by special

car. The day was clear but very warm

and the privilege of spending the day

upon the broad porches and velvety lawn

of one of Detroit’s most beautiful and

well kept homes was clearly enjoyed by

all. After an excellent dinner the com—

pany assemblcd upon one of the large

porches and listened to an interesting

program which had been arranged for

by their generous host. That the mem-

bers might receive some first hand knowl-

edge of the methods of producing clean

milk Mr. Hall had invited representa-

tives of two of the large concerns at

present engaged in supplying milk to city

consumers, one. of them a producer of

“certified" milk and the other a producer

of “modified” milk. The methods de-

scribed, while not practical in all their

details for the average farmer, were list—

ened to with grcat interest. These talks

were followed by a health talk by Miss

Charlotte Aikens, an experienced nurse

and authority on caro~. of the sick and

the securing of healthful conditions in the

home. This talk had to do mostly with

the great value of pure air in the sick

room and the prevention of disease by the

proper ventilation of homes. These talks

were interspersed with some excellent

and enjoyable readings. The afternoon

passed all too quickly and at 5 p. m. the

Patrons regretfully boarded their car,

unanimous in the opinion that each De-

troxt meeting of Chesterfield Grange sur-

passes all former ones.





COMING EVENTS.





 





 





Pomona Meetings.



Clinton Co., with Elsie Grange, VVed-

nesday, July 12.



Lenawee Co., with Gorman Grange

Thursday, Aug. 3. Annual Grange rally.



Gratiot Co., with Arcadia Grange, Sat-

urday, Aug. 5. Miss Jennie Buell, state

speaker.





Charlevoix Co., with Boyne River

Grange, Thursday. Aug. 10.



Kent Co. farmers' annual picnic, at

John Ball park, Wednesday, Aug.

Former State Master Horton, state

speaker.
' the only alternative.





30 (10)





”WNW,





‘ MAigigEi‘s .





DETROIT WHOLESALE MARKET._





July 5, 1911.

Grain and Seeds.





Wheat—There is bullish sentiment

creeping into the trade and will con-

tinue to do so so long as the weather is

dry and hot, for such conditions are sure

to reduce the yield of the growing crop.

Much of the winter wheat belt is be-

yond being damaged and harvesting is

under way over the greater portion of

the region. But the spring wheat is

where it can be reduced in value by hot

dry winds, and continuation of present

weather will fill the bears with fear. Fu-

tures have been showing strength and

quotations have advanced but cash goods

are quiet and unchanged. Liverpool

prices are higher. No. 2 red wheat was

quoted at $1.03 per bu. a year ago. Quo-

tations for the past week are:





   

 





No. 2 No. 1



Red. White. July. Sept.

Thursday .88 .87 .9014 .9314

Friday ...... .87% .861/_, .9114 ..9417Q

Saturday . . . . .88 86% .9155 .95

Monday ......

Tuesday .....

\Veclnesday . . . . .88 .865}; .92 74 .9612;





Corn.——This deal is stronger with a

short crop promised because of the. lack

of moisture over the corn belt. The ex-

tra call that is sure to come from the

shortage of the oat and hay crop will

increase the demand for corn to fatten

stock and carry it along. lt behooves

farmers who have any sort of a stand of

corn to do their part in bringing it

through. One year ago the price for No.

3 corn was 62-3140 per bu. Quotations are:



No. 3





o. 3

Corn Yellow.

Thursday ................ 58 60

Friday ................... 591,], 601/2

Saturday . ................ 593.; 61

Monday ..................

Tuesday .................

Wednesday .............. 613:; 63





Oats.—From the advanced position

taken a week ago further additions have

been made to oat quotations and the

condition of the crop at present seems

to warrant the prophecy that quotations

will continue to go upward for there is

now a shortage of oats on hand and the

failure of the crop in many sections and

the light yield that is sure to result from

the harvests in almost all others, will so

reduce the supply as to make high prices

One year ago the

price was 41/20 below what it is now.

Quotations for the past week are:



Standard No.3





White.

Thursday . . . . . . . . ........ 441/2, 44

Friday . ....... 45 44

Saturday . . . . . ............ 45 441/;

Monday .................. . . . . . . .

Tuesday ................. . . . . . . . .

\Vednesday ............... 47 46%





Beans—Both cash and future beans

have advanced but the former has had

much the greater portion, having gone

up about 150. Quotations for the week





are:

Cash. Oct.

Thursday ................. $2.03 $2.03

Friday .................... 2.15 2.05

Saturday ................. 2.20 2.05

Monday ................... . . . . . .

\\'ednesday ............... 2.22 2.10





Cloverseed.—~There is nothing doing in

this trade. Traders are only watching

the growing crop. The nominal quota-

tions are ruling the same as a week ago.

They are:





Prime. Oct. Alsike.

Thursday . . . . . . . .$0.50 $8.75 $8.75

Friday 0.50 8.75 8.75

Saturday ......... 9.50 8.75 9.00

Monday .. ....... ...

Tuesday .......... . .. ... . . .

\\'cdnesday . .. . . . . 0.75 9.25 9.00





Flour, Feed, Provisions, Etc.





Flour.~Market is slow with prices

steady. Quotations are:





Clear ......................... ........$4.75

Straight ......................... 4.65

l’atent hiichigan ............... 4.90

Ordinary Patent ..................... 4.90





Hay and Strawrwllay values are lower

and the advanced prices for straw have

weakened. Quotations on baled hay in

car lots f. o. b. lietrolt are: No. 1 tim—

othy, 95210722: No. 2 timothy. $196120;

clover, mixed, $19fd‘20; rye straw, $7.50;

wheat and oat straw, $7 per ton.



Feed.~~l"rices rule on last week’s basis;

carlot prices on track are: Bran, $27 per

ton, coarse middlings, $26: fine middlings,

$28: cracked corn, $22; coarse corn meal,

$22: corn and out chop, $20 per ton.



Potatoes.— Not enough old potatoes left

to make a market. New crop is not ade—

quate to meet demand and prices con-

tinue at $2 per bu.



Provisions—Family pork, $16.50@17.50;

mess pork. $16.25; medium clear, $166017;

smoked hams, 151,4;ffllt‘iléc: briskets, 101/3

(trill/4c; shoulders, lOl/lc: picnic hams,

91/207 bacon, 1561161/fici pure lard in

tierces, 0c; kettle rendered lard, 934C per

lb.





Dairy and Poultry Products.



Butter.—~Trade continues active. The

demand is good and the supply ample.

Prices unchanged. Quotations are: EY-

tra creamcry, 23c: firsts, do, 21c; dairy,

16c: packing stock, 15c per lb.



Eggs—The advanced quotation of last

week has been succeeded by another rise

of a half cent, due to shorter supply and

continued demand. The supply of good

eggs is shrinking. Market is active.

Fresh eggs, case count. cases included,

are quoted at 141/»0 per dozen.



Poultry.—’l'his deal has been a little

firmer and prices are a little higher, but

with broilers down 4 cents in Chicago.

Quotations are: Live—Hens, 12@13c; old





' THE MICHIGAN FARME’R'.





roosters, 8@10c; turkeys, 14@16c; geese,

8@9c;b ducks, 12@13c; broilers, 20@220

per 1 . ‘ .



Cheese.—Michigan, old, 15@17c; Michi-

gan, late, 121,é@14c; York state, new, 13%

@140; Swiss domestic block, 16@180;

cream brick, 13@14c.



Veal.—Market lower. Fancy, 9%@10c;

choice, 8@9c per lb.



Fruits and Vegetables.



Cabbage.~—Steady. Selling at $2.75@3

per crate for new.



Strawberries.——Lower. Receipts light.

Michigan grown are selling at $3@3.50 per

bu





Pineapples.——$3.25@3.75 per case.



Cherries—Large supply. Lower, sour,

50@75c per 16-qt. case.



Raspberries—Red, $5@5.50 per bu.;

black plentiful and selling at $1@1.25 per

16-qt. case.



Huckleberries.—$3.50@4 per bu.



Gooseberries.—Steady. Selling at $2@

2.50 per bu.



Apples.——Very little old fruit in the

market. New quoted at $1.50@2 per box.





OTHER MARKETS.





Grand Rapids.





The hot weather continues to hurry

things along and raspberries will soon

supplant cherries in the market. Sour

cherries are bringing $2 to $2.50 and

sweets are nearly all gone. Red rasp-

berries are scarce, readily bringing $1.50

per crate, while, the price for blackcaps

ranges around $1.25. The egg market is

steady at 15 cents to the country trade,

dairy butter 18 cents. Beans are higher,

the price to farmers for white pea being

on a $2 basis. while red kidneys are

worth $3.60. The mills are paying the

following prices for grain: No. 2 red

wheat 83c, oats 45c, rye 69c and corn 60c.

Dressed hogs are selling at 7c, fowls,

live, at 10c.





New York.





Butter.——Prices fractionally higher and

market steady. Creamery specials quoted

at 25c; extras, 24c.



Eggs—Steady without change in quo-

tations. Business quiet. Fresh gathered

extras, 206,022c; firsts, 15@16c; seconds,

131/g.((i/141,{,c; western gathered whites, 17

@200.



Poultry—Dressed —— Steady. Turkeys,

1251,1150; fowls, 12%«3151/20; western broil-

ers. 1867i25c.





Chicago.



\\'licat.——No. 2 red, 881/2@891/2c; Sept,

00c; l')ec., 02-740 per bu.



Corn.~No. 2, 591.4(1600; Sept., 62c:

l)cc., i)l(‘ per bu.



()ats.~N0. 2 white, 45@4514c; Sept,

441/_.('; Dec, 46c.



Barley—Multing grades, 90c@$1.08 per

bu.; feeding. 6061650.



Butter.——Trade very quiet, with little

interest manifested. l‘rices nominally

unchanged. Quotations: Creameries, 19

@230; dairies, extra, 21c per lb.



liggs—‘Market quiet, with prices for





“bulk of the receipts showing no change.





Stock of extra quality commands a pre—

mium over the quotation for prime firsts.

Quotations: Prime firsts, 141/20; firsts,

13Vgc per (107... at mark, cases included,

llfulllléc.



l’otatoes.»Rcceipts of new stock are

fairly liberal. Old potatoes scarce and

again quoted higher. but the continued

high prices have had a marked effect

upon the demand and the market has a

Weak undertone. Choice to fancy old are

quoted at 351.1001.” per bug good to

choice new, $4.40((114.50 per bbl. .



ieans.-~Choice hand-picked are holding

last week‘s advance and prime have

moved up correspondingly. Market firm.

Choice hand-picked pea beans are quoted

at. $2.30 per bu; prime, $2.10@2.20; red

kidneys, $3.25fi3.65 per bu. ‘



Hay and Shaun—«Market firm. The

quotations are: Choice timothy, $23@24;

No. 1, timothy, $20.506022; No. 2 do and

No. 1 mixed, $186020; No. 3 do and No.

2 mixed, $156117; rye straw, $8@8.50; oat

straw, $650617; wheat straw, $6@6.50 per

ton.



Elgin.



Rutter.~l\iarket firm at 23c per lb.



which is the quotation of last week.

THE LlVE STOCK MARKETS.





Buffalo.





 





July 3, 1911.

(Special Report of Dunning & Stevens,

New York Central Stock Yards,

East Buffalo, N. Y.)



Receipts of stock here today as fol-

lows: Cattle, 140 cars; hogs, 0,600; sheep

and lambs, 4,000; calves, 1,600.



\Vith 110 loads of cattle on our market

here today, and with only 12,000 report-

cd in Chicago, our market was about

15 cents per hundred weight higher on

the strictly dry fed and best weight stuff,

and from strong to 10 cents per hundred-

Weight higher on all the lower grades.

However, this being Fourth of July

Week, there were very few buyers here,

and had there been any more cattle on

our market, we could not have ad—

vanced them at all. We quote:



Best 1,350 to 1.600-lb. steers, $65063

6.75; good prime 1,200 to 1,350-lb. steers,

55625617650; best 1,100 to 1,200-lb. ship-

ping steers, $5.65filfi.25; medium butcher

steers, 1,000 to 1,100-lb. $5.25fi5.60; light

butcher steers, $4.75fl525; best fat cows,

$4.75m,-5.25; fair to good do, $3.60@4.40;

common to medium do, $3.10@3.75; trim-

mers, $2.25fl2.75; best fat heifers, $5.50@

6.00: good fat heifers, $4.856i5.25; fair to

good do, $4.10W4.75; best stock heifers,

$3.25@4.00; common stock heifers, 553.0063

3.25; best feeding steers, dehorned, $4.50

@475; common feeding steers, dehorned,

$3.75@4.00; best bulls, $4.75@5.00; bo-

logna bulls, $3.75@4.00; stock bulls, $3.00

@325: best milkers and springers, $50.00

@5500; common to good do, $20.00@30.00.





Almost impossible to sell these com-

mon milkers and springs by the dollar

for any kind of satisfactory price. Have

to'be sold by the pound. .



Owing to light receipts and urgent de-

mand, our hog market opened active and

prices generally 15 to 20 cents higher

than the close of last week. The bulk

of the yorkers, mixed and mediums sold

at $7.20, with a few decks selected to

local packers at $7.25. Pigs sold gener—

ally at 7 cents per pound, and good qual-

ity rough sows mostly 6 cents per pound.

While we think the prospects fair for

the near future, we do not think it ad-

visable to become too bullish on, these

sharp advances. Use caution in loading

during this hot weather.



The lamb and yearling market opened

active today, and sheep strong. The

most of the choice spring lambs selling

from $7.25 ((17.50; few $7.75; yearling

lambs, $5.00@5.50. Few choice handy

wethers selling $4.25@4.85. Prospects

steady for sheep the balance of the

week. We quote:



Best spring lambs, $7.25@7.75; wethers,

$4.50@4.75; cull sheep, $1.50@3.00; bucks,

$2.50@2.75; yearling lambs, $5.00@5.50;

handy ewes, $3.75@4.00; heavy ewes,

$3.25@3.50; veals, choice to extra, $8.25

€118.50; fair to good do, $7.00@8.00; heavy

calves, $3.50@4.50.



Chicago.

July 3, 1911.

Cattle Hogs Sheep

Receipts today ...... 12,000 24,000 16,000

Same day last year..10,231 15,152 13,699

Received last week..57,560 132,044 87,654

Same week last year.43,218 112,579 77,555)



The day before the Fourth of July sees

much higher cattle and hog markets, as

country shippers were afraid there would

be a poor demand at this time and lower

prices. Cattle offerings are especially

small, and good competition among buy-

ers sent prices up quickly 15 to 250,

butcher stock, as well as stockers and

feeders, sharing in the advance. A sale

of a consignment of fat steers that were

not show cattle by any means at $6.90

marks another high record for the sea-

son. Hogs moved up 15 to 200, with

good buying at $6.40@6.95, the highest

prices of the season, comparing with $6617

6.55 Monday a week ago. Lots averag-

ing from 175 to 240 lbs. sold highest.

Last. week’s receipts averaged 235 lbs.

per head, compared with 240 lbs. one

year ago and 221 lbs. two years ago.

Sheep and lamb of the better class were

about steady, with others inclined to sell

off. Spring lambs were salable at $46)

7.50, while fed clipped stock sold on the

following basis: Lambs, $3.50@6.50; year—

lings, $4.506i/5.50; wethers, $3.50@4.50:

ewes, $2@4.25; bucks, $2@13.25. Last week

saw advances of 75c to $1.25 in sheep

after Monday and about the same ad-

vance took place in clipped lambs and

yearlings, while spring lambs moved up

50 to 750 as compared with a week ear~

lier. This is a good time to market fat

stock, the demand being vigorous, but

thin stock sells low. Some prime spring

lambs brought $7.65 late last week.



Cattle of the best kind had a further

advance of 10,4015c last week, with a still

higher top, the best steers going the

highest for any time since April. The

commoner lots continued to move slowly

at the large discount seen of late, with

liberal supplies shipped in from dry sec—

tions, although welcome rains in various

places checked the sacrifice of thin stock.

Beef steers sold to a large extent be—

tween $5.50 and $6.40, with the choicest

steers bringing $6.35@$6.75, while the

poorer lots went at $4.756L‘5.50. Medium

steers sold at $5.60tg‘5.95 and good lots at

$timti.30, with sales of export steers at

$5.65@6.20 and fat yearlings at $5.756!)

6.65. Fat bdtcher stock shares in the

upward movement, cows and heifers hav-

ing sold at $3.25fu.6.00, with cutters sell-

ing at $177,013.20; canners at $1.75@2.70

and bolls at 352.856.125.10. Calves were de-

cidedly lower under smaller buying or-

ders, selling at 21380001825 per 100 pounds,

while milkers and springers had a poor

outlet at $300100 per head, the poorer

cows going for killers. The stocker and

feeder market has been ruling much the

loWest of any time this year, With large

accumulations held by yard speculators,

who made remarluibly favorable terms in

order to effect sales. By the middle of

thc wcck, however, there was a marked

let—pp in the receipts from the drought-

strickcn sections, as rains fell in a num—

ber of places, and stockers and medium

feeders were marked up as much as 15

to 25c chr Monday prices. Stockers

have been selling at $3.00fu4.80 and feed-

ers at $1.0061/325. with few going over

$11.75. Stock licii'ers sold at $2.856v3.50

and feeding heifers at $3.60ioi.15. Rul—

ing prices for stocker and feeder cattle

look temptingly low to many people who

recall the. fancy prices that have been

paid heretofore, and when such good bar—

gains can be picked up it seems a mis—

take to let first—class pasturage go ‘tO

waste. l‘rimc beef cattle have under-

gone their predicted advance and are

expected to go still higher later on, as

there is no surplus supply in feeding

districts. or course, at this season the

big demand everywhere centers on fat,

little yearling steers and heifers, and not

many heavy cattle are wanted. ’



Hogs have shown for still another week

no end of activity, and high prices were

paid for good droves, while the increas—

ing offerings of coarse, grassy hogs sold

at an increasing discount. Hogs have

had a good advance in recent months in

the face of much heavier supplies here

and at other western packing points

than a year ago, and indications are re-

garded as good for the future, or for

several weeks at least, the decreasing

average weights nearly everywhere be-

ing taken as a good sign that good, ma-

tured swine have been largely shipped

out, especially from southwestern dry

regions. The evident reason for the

good demand for hogs is found in the





\





JULY 8,1911. 6





‘materially enlarged consumption of hog





products everywhere, both at home and

abroad, the export movement continuing

far ahead of a year ago. Fresh pork

products are extremely popular Just now,

and tenderloins have declined to 18c per

lb., or the .lowest price touched in over

a year, and 100 below their highest time

in April. As packers are making short

ribs freely, tenderloins are much plen-

tier and their cheapness makes them

popular. Live hogs have been selling

around three cents per pound lower than

a year ago and tenderloins two cents

lower than then.



Sheep and lambs had a wonderful

change for the better last week, with fat

Spring lambs of light weight the prime

favorites and undergoing a regular boom.

l‘he approach of the Fourth of July

caused the biggest kind of a demand for

ch01ce lambs, and fed lambs and light

yearlings on the lamb order shared in

the upward movement, although in a.

lesser degree than fat springs. The

packers’ receipts of springs from Louis-

v1lle “have been decreasing in volume

steadily, and before long these supplies

will be cut off, making a better show for

supplies from other sections. Wethers

and ewes comprise but a small share of

the offerings, but they meet with a very

poor demand, even at the large discount

in prices from those paid for lambs. The

demand for feeders has been below ex-

lpectations, and prices have ruled very

ow.





Horses that graded well started into





life last Week, and a number of sales

looked $10 to $15 per head higher than

a week earlier, the announcement that

no public auctions would be held during

Fourth of July week bringing in more

buyers than usual. While there was a

larger percentage of good. horses than in

recent weeks, there was a great scarcity

of high—grade drafters and drivers, and

few horses sold as high as $260. Nu-

merous medium grade drafters sold at

55165617190, while better ones'found buyers

at $200@260, and there was a good sale

of horses adapted for drivers and ex-

pressers at $135@170, poorer ones bring-

ing $125 and under. F.





LIVE STOCK NOTES.



Provision dealers believe that the big

marketings of hogs in the west during

the past few months have been due in

great part to the dry weather, especially

in the southwest, which has forced a

great many young hogs and mere pigs on

the market prematurely. As partial

proof of this, they refer to the decreased

average weights at Kansas City and

other markets in recent weeks. The





 





hogs received at Kansas City in a recent'





Week averaged but 200 pounds, whereas

a year ago the receipts averaged 212

pounds. Abnormally large numbers of

light pigs have been coming on the

southwestern markets. » . '



The Knickerbocker Ice Company pur-

chased about two thousand horses on the

chunk order in the Chicago market this

year and has now ceased buying. The

Withdrawal of such a customer is agreat

loss to the market.



Texas is doing more farming and less

cattle growing than formerly, and fewer

Texas cattle have been showing up in

thctmarkets of the country than in the

pas .



The recent big drop in prices for horses

at the Chicago stock yards caused by

greatly excessive receipts enabled specu-

lators to pick up some good bargains,

and one firm bought three carioads and

shipped them to different points around

that city. Horses have accumulated in

that market to an uncomfortable extent,

and buyers have had things largely their

own way much of the time.





Wayne Dinsmore, secretary of the Per-

cheron Society of America, says: “The

chief factor in the rapid distribution of

pure—bred Percherons appears to be the

rapidly growing realization among aver-

age farmers that pure—bred mares will do

farm work more effectively than even

grade mares, and that they are vastly

more profitable, from an economic stand-

point, than geldings or mules employed

in farm work. The latter return only

their labor, while mares discharge the

work of the farm as well as geldings

or mules, and produce in their colts an

additional source of revenue."





Month in Texas and portions of Okla-

homa has destroyed the corn crop, ac-

cording to late reports. This will mean

the premature marketing of hogs in the

southwest at such points as Forth

\i'orth and Oklahoma City. Farmers in

those southern regions have just begun

to raise hogs freely, and they are not

likely to buy corn to complete the work

of fattening their holdings.



A representative of a Canadian live

stock handling firm has been in Chicago

recently looking over the hog situation

with a view of shipping a drove to VVin—

nipeg in the event of reciprocity becom-

ing a law. Canadian hogs have been

selling around $1 per 100 pounds lower

than hogs in the Chicago market. The

wonderful development of western Can—

ada opens a big market for hogs, and

eastern Canada is not producing any--

where near enough. The distance to

western Canada from Chicago is no

g‘rcater‘than from Chicago to New Eng-

land points, to which hogs by hundreds

of thousands are shipped annually.



During one of the recent hot spells of

weather a farmer living near Spring—

field, Missouri, purchased a chunk of ice

for $2 and suspended it in a car of hog-'4.

placing it in ten gunny sacks, after cut-

ting it into chunks. \Vhen the hogs ar-

rived at Kansas City all of them were

in good condition, the drippings from

the chunks of ice having fallen on their

backs and kept them cool. Nor was there

the noticeable loss of weight usual when

hogs are shipped in extremely hot

weather.





 





 





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C‘*'I"" ...._._,_-,_._
».nms





lg





 





C‘II‘" __._..._.1.





 





 





 





JULY 8, 1911. ‘

THIS IS THE LAST EDITION.





In the first edition the Detroit Live

Stock markets are reports of last week;

all other markets are right up to date.

Thursday’s Detroit Live Stock markets

are given in the last edition. The first

edition is mailed Thursday, the last edi-

tion Friday morning. The first edition is

mailed to those who care more to get the

paper early than they do for Thursday's

Detroit Live Stock market report. You

may have any edition desired. Subscrib-

ers may change from one edition to an-

other by dropping us a card to that effect.





DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





Thursday’s Market.

July 6, 1911.

Cattle.



Receipts, 399. Butchers’ grades 10 to

15c higher; good grades steady,



We quote extra dry—fed steers and

heifers, $5.50@5.75; steers and heifers,

1,000 to 1,200, $5.00@5.50; steers and heif-

ers, 800 to 1,000, $4.25@5.00; grass steers

and heifers that are fat, 800 to 1,000,

$4.25@5.00; grass steers and heifers that

are fat, 500 to 700, $3.50@4.25; choice fat





cows, $4.00@4.25; good fat cows, $3.25@

3.75; common cows, $2.75@3.00; canners,





$1.50@2.50; choice heavy bulls, $4.00@4.25;

fair to good bolognas, bulls, $3.25@3.75;

stock bulls, $3.00@3.25; choice feeding

steers, 800 to 1,000, $4.50@4.75; fair feed—

ing steers, 800 to 1,000, $4.00@‘4.50; fair

stockers, 500 to 700, $3.25@3.75; stock

heifers. $3.00@3.50; milkers, large, young

medium age, $40.00@55.00; common milk-

ers, $25.00@35.00.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Mich. Beef Co

22 lambs av 68 at $7.00; to Sullivan P.

Co. 4 d0 av 78 at $7.00, 5 sheep av 68 at

$1.50, 45 do av 78 at $3.00, 15 do av 90 at

$4.50, 7 do av 110 at $3.00; to Fitzpatrick

2ros. 24 lambs av 70 at $4.50, 20 do av 58

at $7.00, 22 yearlings av 90 at $5.00, 5

sheep av 100 at $3.00, 16 do av 110 at

$3.25, 8 do av 115 at $3.50; to Mich. Beef

Co. 44 lambs av 71 at $7.40; to Fitzpatrick

Bros. 47 do av 77 at $7.40.



B. Taggart sold Sullivan 19 lambs av

75 at $4.00.



Roe Corn. Co. sold Mich. Beef Co. 13

lambs av 75 at $7.00, 1 do av 93 at $6.00.



Haley & McMullen sold Newton Beat"

Co. 91 lambs av 67 at $6.75, 25 do av 55

at $5.00; to T. Barlage 44 sheep av 75

at $2.75, 8 do av 110 at-$3.25: to Sullivan

1’. Co. 13 lambs av 65 at $6.50, 5 do av 42

at $4.50.



Spicer & Reason to T. Barlage 3 shcep

av 120 at $3.25, 10 lambs av 63 at $7.00,

29 do av 58 at $4.40.



Roe Com. Co. to Mich. Beef Co. 11

COWS av 1,060 at $4.50; to Sullivan l". Co.

1 bull. av 790 at $4.00. 3 cows av 1,087 at

$3.75, 1 cow av 950 at $3.00.



G. Merritt sold Sullivan 1 bull av 1.170

at $4.00, r2 cows av 1,010 at $4.00.



Spicer & Reason sold Mich. Beef co. 21

steers av 990 at $5.00, 11 do av 1,362 at

$5.50, 4 do av 777 at $5.00, 2 cows av 920

at $3.00, 2 do av 1,255 at $4.00, 1 do av

1,000 at $3.25, 2 do av 1,110 at $4.00; to

Hammond, S. & Co. 1 do av 7.30 at $3.00,

3 bulls av 900 at $3.75.



Haley & McMullen sold Sullivan P. Co.

7 butchers av 726 at $4.20, 6 cows av

1,035 at $4.20, 11 heifers av 820 at $1.75,

1 steer av 1,100 at $5.75, 1 cow av 950 at

33:8; to J. Cook 8 butchers av 760 at





Veal Calves.



Receipts, 306.~ Market 50c higher than

last week. Best, $8.50(q)9.00; others, $4.50

@800; milch cows and springers, $3.00

per head higher.



E. Allington sold Newton Beef Co. 8

av 135 at $8.25.



Groff & Stein 361d Broodloff 9 av 140



at $8.75.

“Haley & McMullen sold Newton Beef

Co. 10 av 180 at $9.00, 1 av 150 at $6.00;

to J. McGuire 3 av 160 at $8.75, 12 av 150

at $8.75; to D. Goose 3 av 240 at $5.50, 5

av 145 at $8.00.



Roe Com. Co. to Mich. Beef C0. 5 av

155 at $8.25, 20 av 150 at $8.50; to J.

Goose 20 av 230 at $5.00; to Mich. 'Ieef

Co. 10 av 17] at $6.50; to Newton Beef

Co. 4 av 150 at $8.00;



Spicer & Reason sold Mich. Beef C0.

12 av 150 at $8.50, 7 av 135 at $8.35, 4 av

145 at $8.00, 5 av 160 at $8.50.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Mich. Beef C0.

20 av 150 at $8.50; to Sullivan P. Co. 4 av

155 at $8.50, 3 av 135 at $6.00, 11 av 160

at $8.75: to Hammond, S. & Co. 2 av 135

at $6.50, 5 av 150 at $8.75, 1 av 120 at

$7.00, 4 av 155 at $8.75; to G. ltattkowsky

2 av 160 at $7.00; to N. Burnstine 10 av

142 at $8.50, 12 av 155 at $8.50, 2 av 145

{it $6.00, 7 av 155 at $8.25, 2 av 205 at

$7.50, 4 av 150 at $9.00; to Parker. \1'. &

Co. 4 av 155 at $9.00, 5 av 160 at $9.00,

6 av 160 at $6.00, 5 av 165 at $9.00; to

Hammond, S. & C0. 2 av 140 at $8.00,

14 av 150 at $9.00.



E. Kendall sold Burnstine 14 av 145 at

$8.50.



Sheep and Lambs.



588. Market 250 higher than

last week; one extra good load brought

$7.40. Best lambs, $7.40; fair to good

lambs, $6.50fd»7.00; light to common

lambs, $4.50@5.00; yearlings, $5.00: fair

to good sheep, $3.25fi-375; culls and com-

mon, 3615079250.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Hammond, S. &

Co. 2 cows av 905 at $3.00, 1 bull av

1,440 at .,4.25, 1 do av 910 at $3.75. 1 do

av 1,020 at $4.00; to Mich. j.eef Co. 17

butcners av 840 at $5.00. 1 steer av 950

at $5.25, 10 heifers av 753 at $4.50, 4 do

av 650 at $3.50, 1 do av 680 at $3.50; to

J. Bresnahan 7 stockers av 740 at $4.00:

to Sullivan P. Co. 2 cows av 985 at $4.25,

5 do av 950 at $3.75, 4 butchers av 815

at $4.00, 2 cows av 1,090 at $3.25, 2 do av

1,035 at $3.00; 1 do av 1,170 at $4.00; 1 do

av 1.020 at $2.00, 4 butchers av 750 at

$4.00, 6 cows av 957 at $3.90: to J.

Scheuer 1 cow av 1,000 at $2.50, 2 do av





Receipts,





.mfiq'lutmmm' an .e‘ "

' ." . . gw'lf». .1311: . '5'... .' ,w “ a.





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER. '-





852 at $3.00;





, to T. Regan 5 steers av

568 at $3.45. .





Hogs.

Receipts, 1,016. Nothing sold up to

noon. Asking $7.00; for best pigs, $6.50.





No sales. Sales were made later at $6.70

@675, 25c higher than last week.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Hammond, S. &

Co. 646 av .175 at $6.75.



Roe Com. Co. sold Sullivan P. Co. 189

av 190 at $6.75, 31 av 180 at $6.70.



Sundry shippers sold Sullivan P. Co.

150 av 180 at $6.70.



Spicer 8: R. sold Parker, W. & Co. 150

av 190 at $6.75, 60 av 170 at $6.70.



Sundry shippers sold Parker, W. & Co.

240 av 185 at $6.75.





 





Friday's Market.





June 30, 1911.

Cattle.

Receipts this week, 799: last week,

767. Market dull at Thursday’s prices.





Bulls and common cows 50@75c lower





than last week.



\Ve quote: Extra dry-fed steers and

heifers, $6; steers and heifers, 1,000 to

1,200, $5@5.50; do. 800 to 1,000, $4.25@4.75;

grass steers and heifers that are fat, 800

to 1,000, $4.25@4.75; do. 500 to 700, $3.50

((1/4; choice fat cows, $4@4.25; good do.

33.506375; common cows, $2.50Cw3; can—

ners, $1.506; 2.50; choice heavy bulls, $3.75

@4; fair to good bologna bulls, $3.50; stock

bulls, $3.25((?3.50: choice feeding steers,

800 to 1,000, $4.50@4.75; fair feeding steers

800 to 1,000, $4@4.25; choice stockers, 500

to 700, $4@4.50; fair stockers, 500 to 700,

$350614; stock heifers, $3.25@3.75; milk—



$40@50;





ers, large, young, medium age,

common milkers, $25@35.

Veal Calves.

Receipts this week. 1,417; last week,

1,170. Market 250 lower than on Thurs-

day. fest, $8708.25; others, $471750.





Milch cows and springers steady.

Sheep and Lambs.

3tcceipts this week, 1,624; last week,

1,413. Market very dull at Thursday's

decline. Common light lambs, 507175c

lower than at opening Thursday and not

wanted. Best lambs, $6; fair to good

lambs, $450605; light to common lambs,

$350654; yearlings, $350014; fair to good

sheep, $3113.25; culls and common $1.30Q12.

Hogs.

Receipts this week,

4,603. Market 5((110c higher than on

Thursday. ltangc of prices: Light to

good butchers, $6.5561'6.60; pigs. $62564)

6.30; light yorkers, $6.55@6.60; hcuvy, $6.50

@660.





5,086; last week,





l‘astures in most of the country tribu-

tary to Chicago wcre ncvcr better, but

many farmers are deferring buying stock

cattle until prices undergo further de-

clines. There has been a great reduction

in prices for the bulk of the cattle com—

i‘fig under the stocker and fecder classes,

but their quality has deteriorated mate-

rially since grass cattle receipts became

so large, and prime lots are still bringing

high figures. Some experienced stockmen

are buying only well selected little year-

lings weighing around 650 to 750 lbs., and

there is some inquiry for nice little stock

heifers in the Chicago stock yards. The

cattle feeding industry has become a

good deal of a speculation, and experi—

enced stockmen have discovered from

experience that buying the cattle right at

the start and not paying an exorbitant

price is a large part of the business. If

the dry weather in several districts con—

tinues much longer, it is more than prob-

able that shipments of thin cattle to mar-

ket will increase sufficiently to force ad-

ditional declines in values on cattle on

the stocker and feeder order. Inferior

cattle are very bad sellers, and canners

are going at the lowest figures of the.

year.



The short crop of hay in this country

has sent prices extraordinarily high in the

markets everywhere, recent sales having

been made of prime timothy hay in Chi-

cago at $24 per ton. This shortage will

crcate an extra large demand for other

stock feeds, and more corn and oats than

usual will be used on the farms of the

county. Thousands of tons of hay have

been imported from the Canadian prov—

inces of Ontario and Quebec, and the

doubling of prices for grass and clover

seeds have caused the iinportations of

large amounts of these seeds from Can-

ada within the last six months. Alfalfa

buy shares in the advance, and farmers

in many parts of the l'nited States are

beginning to sow fields to alfalfa.



It is asserted on good authority that





 





more sheep and lambs will be marketed ’





from western ranges this summer and

fall than generally expected, despite the





extensive liquidation last fall. In Wy—

oming the flockmasters are saving in

good shape a 75 per cent lamb “crop,"





and the weather has been favorable for

maturing them. In central \l'yoming it

is reported that the lamb “crop" will av-

erage 90 per cent. “'ord comes from

Montana that sheep. as well as cattle,

came through the winter in much better

shape than was expected last autmun,

but feed is going to be scarce on account

of the large amount of feeding that had

to_ be done the past winter, and farmers

Will be able to get high prices for their

hay. The lambing season was ideal.

Colorado surpasses other parts of the

country in producing a high grade of

fattened lambs, and consignments from

that state have been market-toppers re-

cently in the Chicago market. The sup-

ply is now about exhausted, and slaugh-

terers are depending largely on spring

lambs, while fair numbers of grass flocks

are showmg up in the western markets.





 





 





CROP AND MARKET NOTES.

Ottawa 60.. June 28.—Corn planting

was not finished in some parts of this

country until after the middle of June,

which is something uncommon. The past





 





ten days have been so favorable that

com has grown very rapidly. A consid-

erable amount of clover hay was out last

week, which was about ten days earlier

than last year. On account of heavy

local showers the past two days the

ground is too wet for corn cultivating.

and haying will be somewhat delayed.

Some meadows are very good, and others

are rather light, so the hay crop in this

section will be about a normal one.

Wheat will be fit to cut in a few daYS.

This crop is also ripening earlier than

usual, and bids fair to be a little bet-

ter than last year. The oat crop will

not be as good, as they are rather thin

on the ground, and many fields are full

of weeds. Pastures are in excellent con-

dition and stock of all kinds are doing





well. But on account of the low price of

butter cows are not paying as well as

usuaL





Ohio.



Montgomery 00., June 26.——The weather

was very dry in May and up to June 23

and 24, we had two nice showers which

did the corn and tobacco lots of good.

Oats will be very short, some will not be

out at all. The wheat is being harvested,





 





it being a pretty good crop. Hay very

short. Markets as follows: Corn, 500;

wheat, 80c; potatoes, $1.25; hogs, 51/207

butter, 180; eggs, 14c.



VETERINARY.





(Continued from page 26).



tract gentian, fluid extract cinchona and

fluid extract of capsicum and give heifer

2 oz. doses in one quart of water as a

drench three times a day for a few days.

Jf her bowels do not move satisfactorily

give a pint of raw linseed oil night and

morning until they move freely.



Chronic (larget.——I have a ten-ycar—old

cow that seems to be troubled with gar-

get, affecting the hind quarters of her

bag every few days. I have greased her

with lard but it fails to do much good.

i“. T. l'., Llalien, Mich—Apply'one part

cxtruct belladonna and eight parts olive





 





oil to bruised udder twice a day. Your

cow’s udder is either infected or she

may bruise hind quartcrs when lying

down.



Chronic Cough—My cows have been

coughing more or less since last winter

and i would like to know what to give

them. W. l). S, tomulus, Mich—Give

cucli cow 1 oz. powdered licorice at a

dose in feed twice a day.





huvc a fox terrier pup that

is troublcd with a breaking out on his

loiiis and ancr part of body. The hair

pulls out, the skin is red and he scratches

almost continually. W. \\'., Copemish,

Mich.——.\pply one part Chinosol to 200

parts water to sore parts of skin twice a

day and if he docs not discontinue the

scratching, apply the medicine twice as

active as I have prescribed. Give two

drops Fowler’s solution at a dose in feed

three times a day.



Leaking Navel—l have a colt 16 days

old that leaks from navel and I would

like to know how to treat it. .1. J., Mar-

lette, Mich.——It is possible that some sur-

gical work should be done on navel, such

as stitching opening or applying a clamp;

however, this leaking is generally stopped

by dusting on equal parts powdered alum

and tannic acid several times a day and

if it leaks blood. apply Monsell's solution

of iron.



Inflamed Eyes—v—lllczema.—l have a mare



that has been troubled with sore eyes for

some timc. They discharge and a film

appears to be covering eye ball: this

same mare itchcs and is inclined to rub

herself. F. .1. Y., Brown City, Mich.—

l)issolve onc. grain nitrate silver in 1 oz.

water and apply to eyes once a day, also

apply caloincl to eyes once a day. Also

give 1 dr. Fowler's solution at a dose in

feed or water three times a day and

apply one part coal tar disinfectant and

50 parts water to surface of body once a

day.

SurfeithOnc of our horses is troubled

With small bunches appearing on different

parts of body; they must itch for the

horse rubs until they are made sore. O.

R. 1)., Ypsilanti, Michirtiive 1 oz. bicar—

bonate soda at a (iosc in feed two or three

timcs a day and apply one part bichloridc

of mercury and 1.000 parts water to sur—

face of body once or twice a day. Feed

less grain and more grass.



Bruised Iiip—Abscess—v-l have a Jersey

cow that has a largc bunch on lower part

of hip that is quite hard, which seems

to cause considerable stiffness. Another

smaller bunch is commencing on opposite





Manges -i





 





 





 





(11) 31





hip. S. J. T., Blanchard, Mich—Apply

one part red iodide of mercury and eight

parts cerate of cantharides to bunches

every few days or as often as is neces-

sary to keep the sore parts blistered. It

may be necessary to cut bunch open as

there may be a cold abscess forming.



Brain Trouble—I have a two-months-

old lamb that v'vas born blind; has always

been weak and subject to tits. I would

like to know what can be done for a case

of this kind. J. A., ’Webberville, Mich.—

The circulation of blood in brain is not

normal, causing the lamb to fall and

have fits. Give one grain doses sodium

bromide three or four times a day. Also

apply cold water to head when you notice

these attacks coming on.



Bloat in Cattle—l am sending you for

the benefit of Michigan Farmer readers

a very simple and effectual cure for bloat

in cattle. Give 1 oz. of turpentine mixed

in a quart of raw linseed oil and if you

have no oil mix it in one quart of melted

lard; this will neutralize the gas and the

bloat will soon go down. In most cases

I follow this with a pound dose of salts.

A. H. 8., Pontiac, Mich.~«I have never

obtained satisfactory results by giving

turpentine and oil or lard in acute indi-

gestion or hoven in cattle. In every se-

vere case where the life of the animal is

threatened tapping should be resorted to

at once. Try giving 1/2 oz. doses of sal-

icylic acid in a pint of hot water every

15 minutes until relief is obtained. Or

give 1 oz. doses of aromatic spirits of

ammonia, 1 dr. fluid extract caliber bean

and 3 ozs. of hyposulphite soda in a pint

of water and if necessary repeat the dose

in 30 minutes. I believe if you will try

either of the remedies I have suggested

you will obtain quicker and more satis-

factory results. Turpentine, when ap-

plied externally is a valuable rubeilcient

and counter-irritant; internally it is es-

teemed as an anthclmintic, stimulant and

hemostatic, but cuts little figure in neu—

tralizing the gas in stomach and bowels;

therefore, other remedies give better re-

cults.





 





placed anywheremtv

tracts and kill. all

1; files. Ncnt, clean.

~ ornamental, conven-

' icnt,clieap. Luau: all

‘ union. Can'ispillor

tip over, will not soil

or injure anything.

Guarzmtced cllcct-

ive. 0f nll di‘nIi'l‘H or

‘ scnt prcpriid for 20c.

HAROLD 80.11 HRS





25¢

\ I i, i



‘ “ - » 4-... biz/1.15

r‘sW/I Ziluyzstfig .. ..

1?»? %- €41 s

j; ’li\‘.f—._://m f





XI .3" ' ‘





 





 





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‘ " .J- ~. Lam—'4 ‘ " “ - Brooklyn, N. Y.

in cxchnnuc for stock

Farm wanted ol’ nn-I'clmndisc in lint-it.-





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THE S. FREEMAN & SONS CO.





212 Michigan St., Racin
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‘HORTICULTURE?





AAAAAAAAAAAALAAAALAAAAM





TWIG BLIGHT ON FRUIT TREES.





 





 





 





 





 





Reports show serious outbreaks of

twig—blight upon apple, pear and quince

trees in all parts of central Michigan.

and the disease has also been noticed to

a. less extent in other parts of the state.

It is generally first noticed at the ends

of the branches where the new leaves

suddenly become brown and dry, and the

branches themselves die.



Great injury is often done to pear,

quince and young apple trees, and when—

ever it is noticed that the leaves are dis—

coloring the twigs or branches should be

cut off several inches below where the

discoloration shows. There should be no

delay as the disease spreads in the sap

and the delay of a few hours may allow

the germs to work down into the larger

branches and even into the trunk of the

trees, when an attempt to save them may

be useless, or at any rate will seriously

injure the trees.



Twig—blight seldom does much harm to

old apple trees, being generally confined

to the new growth, but this year it is

unusually severe and the large orchard

trees have the appearance of being

burned with fire, the ends of most of the

branches having been attacked. “’hen

only a few branches have blighted, and

especially on the smaller trees, it will be

well to cut them out. but when scattered

all over the trees this is seldom worth

while, although if it is found to be ex-

tending back into the older branches the

saw should at oncc be used, as the in-

fected portion will surely die and the

disease may spread and do much harm.

If the cut is made below where the germs

have spread further injury will lie stop-

ped.



The disease is of a bacterial nature and

its prevalence this year is lit-cause of the

rank, succulent leaves, whose open struc—

ture allows the germs to enter. Spraying

has no effect.



Agri. College. 1.. it. Txr'r.





 





PEACH BROWN ROT.



During the past three years the control

of the brown rot of the peach has been

worked out in a satisfactory manner by

the Department of Agriculture through

the utilization of the self-boiled lime-

sulphur spray. The increased number of

spraying demonstrations, particularly in

co—operation with the Bureau of Ento-

mology, and with the combined self-boiled

lime-sulphur and arsenate of lead have

enabled the Bureau of Plant industry to

bring this matter still more prominently

before the peach orchardists of the humid

parts of the l‘nited States where this dis-

ease plays such havoc in average seasons.

The spraying of the peach covers not

only the brown rot, but the black rot or

peach scab and plum curculio, which

makes the fruit wormy. The three great

summer pests of this fruit have been

brought under control by spraying.



OUTLOOK FOR FRUIT IN KANSAS



NOT LARGE.





 





The compilation of estimates from the

state crop reporters of Kansas shows the

fruit prospects for that. state to be below

the estimates for 1910 and above those

for 1909 for the larger fruits, while the

smaller kinds are put above last year’s

and below the yield of 1909. Following

are the figures for the month of June for

the three years mentioned:





1911. 1910. 1909.

Apples ..........33 37 21

l’ea rs ........... 27 31 8

Peaches ........ 10 50 3

l’lums .......... 36 ‘31 16

Cherries ........ (i3 21 26

(lrapcs ......... 69 60 58

Strawberries ...37 40 45

Raspberries .... .46 3.0 50





Blackberies ... .54 51 61





TROUBLESOME TOMATO DISEASES.





 





Our readers will, no doubt, be interested

in the work of the Virginia station re-

garding the complaint of tomato growers

of losses accruing to their crops from

diseases. Study revealed the fact that

two diseases were giving trouble. One,

the “eptoria” blight, attacks only the

leaves, and first appears on the lower

leaves, killing them back. The other, the

“Phytophthora” blight, attacks leaves,

stems, and fruit, causing the whole plant

to look as though it were killed by frost.

This is apparently the same disease that

causes “late blight” of potatoes.





 





 





 





. THE MICHIGAN FARMER; -





The stationhasissued instructions. to

the tomato growers'regarding' practical

means for cohtrolling the blightand rot.

Since the diseases are believed to be spread

from spores produced upon the leaves of

affected vines, it is advisable to burn in

the fall the dead tomato vines.



For dependable results, however, no

treatment has approached the use of

spray mixtures. Bordeaux mixture (stan-

dard 4:5:50 formula) has uniformly prov-

en a successful fungicide for the control

of these two injurious tomato diseases.

Three applications will suffice in an or-

dinary season to control the diseases, and

not more than five are necessary in an

excessively wet season. Commercial

lime-sulphur at a dilution of one part to

33 of water, or even to 50 parts of water,

appears to act variably. However, from

the work of the station, commercial lime—

sulphur was not nearly as efficient as a

fungicide on tomato disease as Bordeaux

mixture.





.IVIETHODS IN FRUIT GROWING PRAC-





TICED IN NEW YORK.





 





For those who do not know about our

fruit industry, 1 will say that the larger

part of northwestern New York, and es-

pecially a wide strip of land along the

southern shore of lake Ontario, from Os-

wego to Buffalo, is mostly used for or-

charding. The soil was once the lake

bottom, and the climate is so tempered

by the lake that early and late frosts do

not injure the fruit. Peaches are grown

to a. considerable extent in the vicinity

of the large lakes in Central New York,

and grapes are largely grown in the

southeastern part, in Chautauqua coun-

ty, while berries and small orchard fruits

are successfully grown for commercial

purposes in the Hudson river valley, be-

tween New York and Albany.



tine very successful apple grower in

western New York, who has studied thor—

oughly all phases of the subject of apple

growing. and is himself a specialist, and

authority on the subject, and is also a

lccturcr at t‘armers’ institutes, thinks the

low lands are not so desirable, because

they are harder to drain. The soil must

be artificially, if 'not naturally drained,

to obtain good results. The drains should

run up and down the hill, and should be

sixty feet apart, and three feet deep.

Do not fear that the roots of the trees

will fill up the drains. The best prepara—

tion of the soil for an orchard is to grow

a clover sod on it, and use manure as a

fertilizer, if necessary. Plow under this

clover sod and pulverize as finely as for

a garden. Lay out the ground so the

trees will be in rows about forty feet

apart each way. As one is planning for

100 years or longer, the best trees are

none too good for him, so he goes to a

nurseryman and makes a bargain with

him to let him select his own trees from

his nursery. He then goes over a row of

trees taking only those that are of the

right size, and that are straight and

thrifty. These are planted when they are

freshly dug, and the tops pruned back to

four or five feet, with a. slanting cut,

and the roots pruned to one or two feet

long, according to the size of the tree.

As new roots start at once where the

ends are cut off, this pruning is essential.



Large enough holes are dug to give

ample room for the roots, and are so

placed that the trees in the second row

will come half way between those in the

first, or in a diagonal form. In New York

he advises spring planting. As trees bear

in less time when budded these trees are

budded instead of being grafted. “'here

he is sure about the variety, he selects

buds from his neighbors’ trees, and buds

these trees he has planted in the spring,

when the weather is warm, using three

or four buds in a stock. In western New

York, Northern Spy or Greening stocks

are best. and these stocks should be bud-

ded or top—worked with well—tried varie—

ties, as Rhode island Greenings, Northern

Spy, Golden Russet, and if you are sat-

isfied to grow an apple that is not of the

highest quality, the Baldwin apple.



All but the strongest bud on each stock

are rubbed off the following spring. He

would not object to growing cultivated

crops of vegetables for the first two or

three years in the orchard, if it was well

fed, but his plan is to grow clover, and

catch crops in the young orchard, and

supplement with ashes or potash, if need—

ed. Sow these after the orchard has been

cultivated until mid-summer. He does

not advise using fillers in the apple or—

chard, but does advise giving thorough

cultivation. On gravelly or thin soils,

lacking humus, he might use some stable

manure to bring it into condition to grow





clover, but his main dependence .arecul-

tivatio‘n and clover crops." 'He -wo'uld not

give deep cultivation in' old orchards but

use the cutaway harrow, and feed either-

with- commercial fertilizers, 'manure, or

catch crops, according to circumstances,

whichever best serves his purpose. Un-

less the soil is rich in humus, commercial

fertilizers are of little use in an orchard.

Sometimes it is well to feed down an or-

chard with sheep or hogs. He prunes the

orchard in early spring before the leaves

start, and sprays two or three times in

spring or early summer, with a power

sprayer. This throws a fine spray, and

spraying with the wind one often throws

a shower over two or three rows of trees.

]le thinks the results of spraying with

lime and sulphur are just as good as

with Bordeaux mixture.



XVhen rightly done, feeding, cultivation,

pruning and spraying make the orchard

as profitable, and as sure a source of in-

come, as dairy farming, and my investi-

gation, made in both kinds of farming,

show that both can be made to pay well.

in western New York I found apple or-

chards of 10 acres that were returning

the owner an average yearly income in

marketable apples, of $2,500. These were

on farms of 50 to 100 acres, and the by-

products of these farms, as evaporated

apples, small fruits and vegetables, paid

so much of the expenses that more than

one-half of this amount was net profit.



Pears thrive well in New York, but are

less extensively grown because of injury

front pear blight, for which no remedy

has becn found but cutting off the dis-

eased wood. There are some profitable

orchards in western New York, but the

growers give the orchards good culture,

and watch the trees closely for the first

appearance of blight. Bartlett is the

main variety grown, and next in value

are .\njou, Seckel, and Bose.



in the peach belt along the lakes, the

lClherta is the great market variety, but

(‘rawfords are also largely grown. The

most successful growers practice thor—

ough cultivation of the orchards in early

summer, and then sow cover crops in the

fall. as clover, rye, or vetch.



In the peach belt, Japan plums and

sweet cherries usually thrive well, and

sour cherries usually do well anywhere

that apples are grown. One of the best

investments in New York is an orchard

of sour cherries, because they come into

bearing soon, and the fruit is in good

demand in local markets. On a farm

near the writer and in which he is inter-

ested, Montmorency cherries have been

in demand in village market at twelve to

fifteen cents per quart.



European plum trees are not long lived

in New York. They usually grow and

bear well for ten or fifteen years, then

the trees die.



American plums of the TVild Goose type

are perfectly hardy here. Perhaps there

is no state so well supplied with home-

grown berries. Nearly every village is

supplied with strawberries, raspberries,

and blackberries, grown by local growers,

and in western and southwestern New

York, they are grown in large quantities,

and shipped to cities.



The narrow row, or hedge row system

is the most popular with strawberry

growers. .\ few growers have obtained,

as reported, 10,000 quarts per acre with

the hill system, but this requires very

thorough work, and at the right time.

New York’s great advantage is her own

local markets. Small fruits are quickly

taken by these, and there is seldom a

surplus.



New York. \V. H. JENKINs.



APPLE MARKET NOTES.



The l‘nited States are finding a limited

market for applcs in China; but the price

at which they can be laid down in that

country is so large as to be beyond the

means of the ordinary oriental. 1



Oregon valleys will probably have a‘

normal crop this season according to

early reports, due not to the yield of old3

trees but to the additional acreage that

is in hearing this season. Old trees prom-

ise about 50 per cent of a crop as com-

pared with the yield of a year ago.



Tasmania will try the American market

with a cargo of her apples. The vessel

bearing the load will arrive in New York

the first of July. Should the venture

prove successful it will be followed with

other consignments.



One New Mexico association of apple

growers predict that the shipment of ap—

ples from their section this season will

amount to about 400 cars.



Nova Scotia sees a good crop of apples

ahead should nothing intervene between





 





JULY 3; 1911.

; Please mention the filohl'nn Fox-nut when





wrltlnt to ICVORIIOIJ.

THOROUGH FERTILIZING.





 





 





The most eminent authorities in the

United States on this subject agree that

the farmers will 'be forced to use lime

and fertilizers if the fertility of the soil

is to be increased and also solve that

very important problem of “how to se-

cure a good stand of clover." The Em-

pire Broadcast Lime and Fertilizer Sower,

made by the American Seeding-Machine

Co., Incorporated, Richmond, Ind., will

sow granular lime and all commercial

fertilizers in any amount required and the

quantity sown is under absolute control

of the operator. There is no guess work

about the machine. It does the work

well. Send to the manufacturers for a.

copy of their Empire Broadcast Fertilizer

Sower catalogue, and if there is any spe-

cial information you want, ask for it and

they will be glad to furnish you with it.

After you have read this catalogue, go to

your local implement dealer and insist on

seeing the Empire. You run no risk in

buying an Empire, because it is strongly

guaranteed and must do all that the

manufacturers claim for it.





 





REQUIRED WII'II ORDER -





We would sooner convince the buyer that

his money was well invested before asking

him to give it up.We only ask you to give our

zoodu a. chance to sell themselves. They are

made so good they prove themselves a. good

investment without the aid of salesmen.





Ros SILOFILLING





MACHINERY





is not an experiment.“ is backed by OI years'

experience—more experience than any other

machinery of its kind that is made. It is

known in almost every dairy and intensive

farming district in the U. 8,, and outside of

machines themselves. their owners are their

boat advertisements—our bests salesmen.



Our large catalog tells a moot interesting story



about Eusilugo Cutting and Silo Filling machin-



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We uloo manufacture the Ross Silo



E. w. R055 00.30: 14 Springfield Ohio





 





 





Fastest Hay Frees.

21/2 Tons Per Ham-





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Spencer Presses are biggest, money ma





 

 

 

 

 





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Write today for Free illustrated Cop-oily





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now and harvest.





'I'IIE GLIPPER





There are three things

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CLIPPER LIWII MOWER 00.

olxou. ILLINOIS.
av





 





 





 





 





 





l





 





   





JULY, 8. 1911.





 





   





-





. THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





 





Woman enigma.





At Home: and Elsewhere





yg'é





 





 





‘\





 





Don’t Trust Children Beyond Their Strength.





 





HERE is much in the new child



I study that is undoubtedly of great



benefit to mother and child, but

like everything else some features of it

are sadly overdone.



Take that idea, for instance, of trusting

the child implicitly, taking its word for

everything and letting it get the impres-

sion that you believe aboslutely every-

thing it‘ says. In one case out of one

million it might work out all right, but

in the other 999,999 such a procedure

would be fatal. For, as a matter of fact,

the average child can not be trusted until

truth and integrity have been hammered

into it by painful experiences.





Now please do not assume at once that

I believe all children are vicious. Noth—

ing of the sort, I simply believe they are

happy little animals without any knowl-

edge of good or evil as such until we

teach it to them. They uon’t like to be

punished and they do like to do every-

thing their own way. If they can do as

they want, and escape a punishment by

telling a wrong story they can’t see the

least reason in the world why they should

tell the truth about it, and until they

reach years of discretion and are taught

to see the beauty of truth and right they

are going to continue to prevaricate so

long as it will get them freedom in action

or freedom from punishment. And so far

as it goes their logic is all right. They

reason according to their childish under-

standing, and it becomes the hard task

of the parents to teach them that the

only true happiness comes not from free-

dom from 'care, but from the conscious—

ness of thing right, no matter what the

co’nseque s. Until the child learns that

lesson so Thoroughly that it is a part of

himself,‘he should not be left “on his

honor,” as we so often hear. Nor should

the parent take the child’s word for ev—

erything without quietly investigating to

see what is the right of the matter.



It is because parents believe too much

that we hear so often of girls and boys

going wrong. A girl asks to stay all

night with“ her friend, for instance, and

permission is given. Then the friend tells

her mother that the two are going to the

home of a third friend to study, but in-

stead they go out for a lark. If they live

in the city or near a town it is the five-

cent theaters or dance halls, flirtations

with strange men and boys, perhaps a





visit to a wineroom or a “joy ride" that

allures them. If in the country there are

long drives over country roads with men

and boys who would never be permitted

in their father’s home. And the mother,

filled with the idea that she must never

appear to doubt her daughter’s word,

never takes the least pains to inform her-

self What her child does on the nights

when she stays with her chum.



It would be so easy to do it, too, with-

out seeming to be suspicious. A reference

to the visit when she sees the chum's





 





"..——-—





mother, a casual remark about the hour





the girls retired, these might be made

without in the least seeming suspicious of

wrong. Yet how many mothers fail to

take these precautions.



“I put my children on their honor,” how

many a mother proudly declares. It

sounds well, but it is so hard for the

children, because the “honor” is so sel-

dom there for them to rely upon. Not

that they mean to do wrong, but they are

trusted long before they are old enough

to realize the consequences of their acts.

Their ideals are only childish ones, they

could not possibly be the same as those

of adults. To have a good time, that is

the highest ideal of childhood and youth,

and our young folks have not always the

wisdom to decide what sort of good time

is legitimate. It is for the parents to

guide them, not in a dictatorial spirit but

so quietly that the boys and girls will

think they are making the choice. Mean-

time, don’t trust them beyond their

strength to resist. Let them think you

are trusting them implicitly if you will,

but satisfy yourself quietly that every-

thing is all right.



DEBORAH.





 





 





Outline Stitches, N0. 4—By Mae Y. Mahafl’y.





 





N outline stitch, as its name im-

A plies. is used to accentuate or in-



dicate the principal lines of a de-

sign, and may take one of various styles

or forms, since there are a large number

of stitches well adapted to such work.

These outline stitches are practical for

carrying out entire designs, and, of

course, much speedier of accomplishment

than solid work of most kinds. Indeed,

some of the most attractive of the old-





56 $7 a"





fashioned work was done entirely in some

one of these forms, like the Kensington

or chain outlines. Sometimes a touch of

closely set lines gives the appearance of

solid work to a certain extent, but at

much less trouble. The Chinese, in par-

ticular, are partial to designs in which

chain stitch predominates, both in out-

lines and in curved forms for solid ef-

fects. The chain stitch has lost much of

its desirability in this country from the

fact that so many machine made articles

are ornamented with it. Charmingly dis-

tinctive is a delicately planned pattern

worked in the Kensington outline, but its

simplicity alone seems to bar it from

general usage as an all-sufl‘lcient medium

for attractive work, every embroiderer

striving after more complicated effects,





 





though all too often with regrettable re-

Suits.



Among the outline stitches none is so

commonly used in modern work as this

same Kensington outline, shown in fig-

ure one. It may be made in the hand or

in hoops, and is very easily mastered, but

depends upon regularity for its beauty.

Bring the needle up from the wrong side

at one end of the outline, or at the base

of a petal or some point or curve of a

figure; insert it again a short distance in

advance of this point, directly on the

stamped outline, and bring it half way

back toward the Starting point. Continue

thus for the distance required, always

keeping the thread to the right of the

needle, and making the stitches of uni—

form length. The surface of the stitch is

fully twice as long as the underneath

portion, and the outline is thus made

double throughout. This is sometimes

called crewel stitch, and gives rise to the

name, crewel embroidery, in which a dou-

ble thread of twisted wool was used. The

outline is sometimes made with the

thread always thrown to the left of the

needle, but whichever plan is followed

it must be adhered to throughout the de-

sign, except ln such cases as nilght be

divided nicely into right and left sides.

Then the one form could be used on one

side, with the other opposite, and thus

fit into the pattern to good advantage.

There must be no mixing of the two

stitches in the same line. The stitch is

commonly used for small stems, tendrlls,

midribs, etc., as well as for outlining solid





 





work of certain kinds, like the Bulgarian

embroidery.



Stem stitch, seen in figure two, is a

wider outline than the Kensington, and

is utilized where wider stems are needed.

or for edging leaves, petals, etc., with

something a little heavier than the Ken-

sington outline, and yet not so decided as

the long and short stitch. It is in reality

much like overcasting, but must be on a

slant, and that slant must conform to the

figure itself. The stitches must be made

very even, both edges quite smooth, and

they must cross the stamped outline on

the same slant throughout. Thus, in mak-

ing a leaf or petal where there are two

sides to consider, the work must be





 





 





urned at the tip so that the appearanCe

of both sides will be alike.



Figure three shows the twisted outline

stitch. Two threads of floss are used in

the needle at the same time in this stitch.

After the needle is brought up to the

right of the fabric these two threads are

twisted together tightly, and held thus

while the next stitch is in progress. This

permits of the use of two shades or col-

ors, if desired.

the outline, the short stitch into the ma~





terial being taken, right across the out-'





line, with the threads to the right. This

from of outline is usually made where

breadth is needed, and two or more rows

are placed side by side. In this respect

it does not differ greatly from Bulgarian

stitch, which is simply several rows of

close—set Kensington outline stitches.

While these stitches must be of uniform

length ordinarily, they will necessarily





have to be shortened a trille on the innerl





rows at curves in order to conform to the

shape of the design. One or more colors

may make up these rows. A specially

pretty effect is obtained by shading from

light to dark in one color.



In figure four the back stitch is shown,

a. stitch familiar to most needleworkers,

whether embroiderers or not. This stitch

is very valuable for dainty outlines, where

no definite line is necessary, but is even

more useful in filling large spaces. The

split stitch, shown at figure five, is made

like it, except that the needle is taken

back into the floss of the last stitch each

time, so that a continuous outline is

formed. This is not unlike chain stitch

in appearance if made of rather heavy

floss.





The stitches must follow





Chain stitch, figure six, is one of the,





most desirable outline stitches, as before





' ’0 <1:

' p 0 4".

0 OJ" 0)





No. JO"



stated, and is also splendid for padding

buttonhole scallops, giving a quickly

placed foundation which does not sink

down readily. Bring the needle up on

the outline; insert it again just beside this

point, very close, in fact, and bring it

up on the outline a short distance in ad-

vance, this distance being gauged by the

weight of the fioss.

shorter stitches than coarse, about a

quarter of an inch being usually a fan

length; when pulling the needle through

keep the floss under its point, so that a

loop is formed. The next stitch is start-

ed just inside this loop.



One pleasing method of using the chain





l

I

l

l

l

l





l





1





Fine floss requires.





 





 





 





(13)





HEART RIGHT





When He Quit Coflee.





33





 





Life Insurance Companies will not in-

sure a man suffering from heart trouble.

The reason is obvious.





This is a serious matte-r to the husband

or father who is solicitous for the future

of his dear ones. Often the heart trouble

is caused by an unexpected thing and

can be corrected if taken in time and

properly treated. A man in Colorado

writes:



“I was a great coffee drinker for many

years, and was not aware of the injurious

effects of the habit till I became a prac—

tical invalid, suffering from heart trouble,

indigestion and nervousness to an extent

that made me wretchedly miserable my-

self and a nuisance to those who wit—

nessed my sufferings.



“I continued to drink coffee, however,

not suspecting that it was the cause of

my ill-health, till, on applying for life

insurance I was rejected on account of

the trouble with my heart. Then I be-

came alarmed. I found that leaving off

coffee helped me quickly, so I quit it

altogether and having been attracted by

the advertisements of Postum I began its

use.



”The change in my condition was re-

markable. All my ailments vanished.

My digestion was completely restored.

my nervousness disappeared, and, most

important of all, my heart steadied down

and became normal, and on a second

examination I was accepted by the Life

Insurance Co. Quitting coffee and using

Postum worked the change." Name

given by Postum 00., Battle Creek, Mich,



“There’s a. reason," and it is explained

in the little book, "The Road to VVell-

ville," in pkgs.





Ever read the above letter? A

new one appears from time to

time. They are genuine, true.

and full of human interest.





YOU , WANT

THE BEST





The best is the cheapest.

You’ll get it when you se-

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spring and summer styles

0





 





 

 





(Fifty Year: the

Standard 1)





They are the Per- ”

cale product of the

largest cotton

goo s mills in the

world. No wonder

no other make is



ust as good, nor

as such a variety

of splendid pat-

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but all artistic. sty-

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Women of pre-

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never‘hesitaie to bu Pacific Percales, This

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If your dealer doesn’t carry Pacific Percaies, write

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PACIFIC MILLS - BOSTON, MASS.





 





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A I Lar 0 Established

Cake €01: 1889





 





 





 





 





' 9





 





 





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Single in design——



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VanFleel‘Jt. Waffle, Evan, Michigan.
34 (14>

stitch in an ornamental border or finish

for narrow, lengthy spaces, like scrolls,

is to place two rows of chain stitches, both

running the same way, about a quarter

of an inch apart, a little more if the floss

is heavy. Take floss of the same or a

different shade and 'catch back and forth

from one chain to that diagonally oppo-

site throughout the space, lacing the two

rows together.



Open chain or cable stitch is pictured

at figure seven. It differs from ordinary

chain stitch in that the needle is insert-

ed slightly in advance of the loop rather

than directly in it.



\Vheat-ear stitch is also a chain stitch,

but with slanting stitches thrown out at

either side, as in figure eight.



Rope stitch, figure nine,

modification of chain stitch.

chain stitch is first made, but after-

wards the needle is inserted a little to the

left, above the preceding link, not in it.

It is particularly good for heavy out-

lines, being rich and elaborate looking.



Bird's—eye or picot stitch is useful for

outlining small ovals radiating from a

common center, like a daisy, where

speedy results are desirable. The needle

is brought up at the center of the group

or base of an oval; then, as in a chain

stitch, insert it just beside this point, and

bring it up at the tip of the petal or op-

posite end of the oval, keeping the floss

beneath the needle’s point. Now take a

short stitch right across the loop to hold

it in position. Return to the center to

begin the next oval. This is shown in

figure 10. Lazy-daisy embroidery is made

in this stitch, the floss sometimes being

used double; that is, two strands in the

needle at once, for it never advisable

to double one thread. as the twist then





is another

A common





is





runs in opposite directions, causing

roughness. The centers of the daisies are

then filled in with a French knot. or a





tiny solid disk. The stitch is also used

in combination with cord, braid or out—

lining as a narrow band or border. or

when scattered singly makes a good fill-

ing for large spaces.





RECIPES.





 





We do not pay for recipes. If you wish

a recipe ask for it, and in return con-

tribute your own favorites.



Cheap Cream Cakc.



One cup of sugar, one egg, one cup

sweet milk, two cups of flour, one table-

spoon of butter, two heaping teaspoons

of baking powder, flavor to taste. Divide

into three parts and bake in round shal-

low pans, in a quick oven.



Cream for the Cake.



Beat one egg and a half cup of sugar

together. Add a quarter of a cup of

flour, wet with a very little milk and

rub smooth. Stir this mixture into a

teacup of boiling milk, simmer until

thick, flavor to taste and spread between

layers of the cake.



To Retain the Color of Strawberries.





If Mrs. L. M. P. will add one level tea-

spoonful of corn starch dissolved in a lit-

tle cold water to each quart of strawber-

ries three or four minutes before taking





off, she can retain color and flavor. Once

tried it will always be used, and if, as

soon as sealed strawberries are laid on





side and turned over every time you are

near them the berries will not rise to the

top. It works fairly well with pineapple,

although not so well as with strawber—

ries—An Interested Reader.



Sour Beans.



String the beans and break into inch

lengths. \Vash and cover with hot water,

then boil until tender. Drain well through

a sieve. Put into a saucepan one table—

spoonful of butter, one teaspoonful of

flour and a tablespoonful of vinegar with

salt and pepper to season. Add the beans

and let all cook together a few minutes.

l'se dressing according to amount of

beans. This is for two cups of cooked

beans—41. R.



Corn Starch Loaf Cake.



\l'ith a wooden spoon thoroughly cream

three-fourths of a pound of butter. Add

slowly two cups of sugar and, when well

blended. one-half cup of sweet milk and

one pound of corn starch sifted with two

teaspoonfuls of cream of tartar and one

teaspoon of soda. Fold in the stiflly beat-

en whites of ten eggs and flavor to suit.



Recipe for Canning String Beans.



In reply to Mrs. M. R, I will give my

recipe for canning string beans and

sweet corn. I have never canned any

peas but do not see why they could not

be canned the same way. Cut up string

beans and put in quart or pint fruit jars,

cover with cold water and screw covers





down. Put the wash boiler or large ket-





 





/ ,





 





 

   





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





ties on the stove, half filled with cold

water, put a. clean board on the bottom

of the boiler for cans to rest on and to

keep them from cracking. Put the cans

in the boiler with a board on top of

them weighted down with a stone to keep

cans from falling over while boiling. Boil

three hours, pint cans two hours. My

boiler will cook ten quarts at a time.

Care must be taken to keep water boil-

ing. When cans are taken out screw

covers down again very tightly. New

rubbers may have to be put on but do

not take covers off to do this, press rub-

bers under covers quickly. For sweet

corn, cut corn from cob and press down

very tightly on quart jars. This is the

whole secret , press down so tightly in

the cans that the milk flows out and runs





over even. Too tender corn will not keep

as, well as when it is older. Boil and

can the same as string beans. I always





have good luck with this recipe, but great



care must be taken and work done thor-



oughly. Then you will be rewarded.

Graham Bread. ‘



One pint of buttermilk, two level tea-

spoonfuls of soda, one-half cup of brown

sugar, one cup of -white flour and two

and one-half cups of graham.—A. E. L.

Recipes for graham bread were also do-

nated by Mrs. E. S. G., Mrs. L. J. 8.,

Mrs. B. K., Mrs. D. and N. A. G.



Pickled Cherries.



In the country where the late meaty

cherries are plentiful they may be made

to take the place of olives. To a pint

can nearly film of cherries add salted

water and seal. l'se a heaping table-

spoonful of salt to each pint can. Spiced

cherries for meats may be made from

common canned cherries by cooking and

adding spices—Mrs. J. J. O’C.



Fruit Bars.



One cup butter, one and a half cups

sugar, three eggs, one cup sweet milk,

one cup molasses, two teaspoons soda,

one teaspoon cinnamon, one cup of chop-

ped raisins, flour to make thick batter.

Pour in butter tins, crease and bake in

hot oven. Cut when' cold.





“CATECHISM OF THE FLY.”





 





The following “Catechism of the Fly,”

sent out by the Detroit Board of Health,

is worth committing to memory. Es—





pecially good is the part pertaining to

stables.



1. Where is the fly born? In manure

and filth.





2. Where does the fly live?

kind of filth.



3. Is anything too filthy for the fly to

eat? No.



4. (a) Where does he go when he

leaves the surface closet and the manure

pile and the spittoon? Into the kitchen

and dining-room.



(b) What does he do there? He walks

on the bread, fruit and vegetables. He

wipes his feet on the butter and bathes

in the milk.



5. Does the fly visit the patient sick

with typhoid fever, consumption and

cholera infantum? He does—and he may

call on you next.



6. Is the fly dangerous? He is man’s

Worst pest, and more dangerous than

wild beasts or rattlesnakes.



7. \N'hat disease does the fly carry?

Ilie carries typhoid fever, consumption and





In every





summer complaint. How? On his wings

and hairy feet. What is his correct

name? Typhoid fly.





8. Did he ever kill anyone? He killed

more American soldiers during the Span-

ish-American war than did the bullets of

the Spaniards.



9. XVhere are the greatest number of

cases of typhoid fever, consumption and

summer complaint? Where there are the

most flies.



10. Where are the most flies?

there is the most filth.





Where





ll. \I’hy should we kill the fly? Be-

cause he may kill us.

12. “'hen shall we kill the fly? Kill





him before he gets Wings—kill him when

he is a maggot in the manure pile—~kill

him while he is in the egg state.



13. How? Keep the stable dry and

clean and don’t allow any manure to stay

on the premises longer than one week.

Have all other filth and trash accumulat-

ing on your premises removed or burned

at least once a week.



Do not allow manure heaps to lie un-

covered in your alley or back yards. Keep

the loose manure in covered boxes and

have. it carried away at least once a

week.



Protect your houses against flies by

putting proper screens on all doors and

windows. Put the screens on now, do not

wait until the house’is full of flies.





 





w





iHOME m YOUTH?





AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA’A‘AA“





FAIR PLAY.





 





 





 





 





BY MRS. ANNA s'rmnns.

Laddie came home from the ball game,

One sultry evening last June, ‘

With his sunny face all clouded

And his light heart out of tune.





Now Laddie is a very good loser,

And usually, just the same,



His merry whistle or song rings out

If he has lost or has won the game.





To my questioning look he answered,

“That we were beaten 1 do not care,



But, mother, ’twas how they did it,

For those fellows didn’t play fair.”





Then he paused, his dark eyes flashing,

While my own filled quickly with tears,

For I saw, in a far-reaching vision,

\Vhat might come to my lad with the

years.





I thought of the sorrow, the heartache,

Of the wrongs oft past repair



That come to 'us all in the game of life

Because someone doesn’t ”play fair;”





Of the hopes so ruthlessly shattered,

Of the burdens for me, for you,

Because the fellows don’t mind the rules

And play a game honest and true.





Then I comforted outraged Laddie,

And wished that we all, everywhere,



Might give willing heed to the umpire,

Abide by the rtiles and play fair.





 





 





A VACATION THAT WAS NOT A VA-

CATION.





 





BY w. J. GRAND.



“It don’t seem as if we’d really got

round to it, does it, father?” asked Mrs.

Pike.



Eli and his wife sat together on the

washing-bench outside the back door,

waiting for the milk to cool before it

should be strained. She was a large,

comfortable woman, with an unlined face,

and smooth, fine auburn hair; he was

spare and somewhat bent, with curly,

iron—gray locks, growing thin, and crow's

feet about his deep-set, gray eyes. He

had been smoking the pipe of twilight

contentment, but now he laid it on the

bench beside him.



“No: it don’t seem as if ’twas goin’ to

happen,” he owned. “It looked pretty

dark to me all last Week. It’s a good

deal of an undertakin’, come to think it

all over. I dunno’s I care about goin'.”



“Why, father! After you’ve thought

about it so many years, an’ Peter’s got





the tents strapped up an’ all! You must'

be crazy!” ‘

“Well,” said the farmer, gently, as he





arose and went to carry the milk pails

into the pantry, calling coaxingly, as he

did so, “Kitty! Kitty! You had your

milk. Don’t joggle, now!”



Mrs. Pike came ponderously to her feet

and followed, with the heavy, swaying

motion of one grown fleshy and rheu-

matic. She was not in the least con—

cerned about Eli's change of mood. He

was a gentle soul and she had always

been able to guide him in paths of her

own choosing. Moreover, the present un-

dertaking was one involving his own good





fortune, and she meant to tolerate no

foolish scruples which might interfere

with its result, for Eli, though he had





lived his life within easy driving distance

of the ocean, had never seen it, and ever

since his boyhood he had cherished one

darling plan~~some day he would go to

the shore and camp out there for a week.

This, in his starved imagination, was like

a dream of the Acropolis to an artist

stricken blind, or as mountain outlines

to the dweller in a lonely plain. But the

years had flitted past and the dream nev-

er seemed nearer completion. There was

always planting, haying and harvesting

to be considered; and, although he was

fairly prosperous, excursions were foreign

to his simple habit of life. But at last

his wife had stepped into the van and

organized an expedition with all the valor

of Francis Drake.



“Now, don’t you say one word, father,”

she had said. “\‘Ve’re goin’ down to the

beach, Peter, an’ Hattie, an' you an’ me,

an’ we’re goin’ to camp out.”



For days before the date of the ex-

cursion Eli had been solemn and tremu-

lous, as with joy; but now, on the eve of

the great event, he shrank back from it,

with an undefined motion that was like

death, and that he was not prepared.

Next morning, however, when they all

arose and took their early breakfast, pre-

paratory to starting at five. he showed

no signs of indecision, and even went

about his outdoor tasks with an alacrity

calculated, as his wife approvingly re-

marked, to “for’ard the voy'g’e.” He had





.__....___..,-.-- ”gm; -, ... a...“ ..





 





JULY 8, 1911.





at last begun to see his way-clear, and '

he looked well satisfied with his daughter

Hattie, as Peter, her husband, drove into

the yard in a wagon cheerfully suggestive

of a wandering life. The tents and a

small hair-trunk were stored in the back,

and the horse’s pail swung below.



“Well, father,” called Hattie, her rosy

face like a flower under the large shade

hat she had trimmed for the occasion,

“guess we’re goin’ to have a good day!”



He nodded from the window where he

was patiently holding his head high and

undergoing strangulation while his wife,

breathing huskily with haste and im-

portance, put on his necktie.



At length the two teams were ready and

Eli mounted to his place, where he look-

ed very slender beside his towering mate.

The hired man stood leaning on the

pump, chewing a bit of straw, and the

cats rubbed about his legs with tails like

banners.



“Well, good-by, Luke,” Mrs. Pike called

over her shoulder, and Eli gave the man

a solemn nod, gathered up the.reins and

drove out of the yard. Just outside of

the gate he pulled up.



“Whoa,” he called, and Luke lounged

forward. “Don’t forget them cats! Git

up, Doll!” And this time they were gone.



For the first ten miles of the way,

familiar in being the road to market, Eli

was placidly cheerful. The sense that. he

was going to do some strange deed, to

step into an unknown country, dropped

away from him, and he chatted, in his

intermittent, serious fashion, of the crops

and the lay of the land.



“Pretty bad job up along here, ain’t

it father?” called Peter, as they passed

a sterile pasture where two plodding men

were redeeming the soil from its rocky

fettersf



“There's a good deal 0’ pasture in some

places, that ain’t fit for nothin’ but to

hold the world together,” returned Eli,

and then he was silent, his eyes fixed on

Doll's eloquent ears, his mouth working

a little.



“We’ve prospered, ain’t we, Maria?” he

said, at last; and his wife, unconsciously

following his thoughts, in the manner of

those who have lived long together, strok-

ed her black silk “visite” and answered

with a. well satisfied nod: “I guess we

ain’t got no cause to complain.”



The roadside was parched under an

August sun; tansy was dust covered, and

ferns had grown ragged and gray. The

jogging horses left behind their lazy feet

a suffocating cloud.



“My land!” cried Mrs. Pike, “if that

ain’t golden-rod! I do b’lieve it comes

earlier every year, or else the seasons

are changing. See them elderberries;

ain’t they purple! You jest remember

that bush, an' when we go back we’ll fill

some pails. I dunno when I’ve made el-

derberry wine.”



Like her husband, she was vaguely

excited; she began to feel as if life would

be all holidays. At noon they stopped

under the shadow of an elm tree, which,

from its foothold in a field, completely

arched the road; and there they ate a

lunch of pie and doughnuts, while the

horses, freed from their headstalls, placid~

ly munched a generous feed of oats

near by.



At the lunch Eli ate sparingly and with

a preoccupied and solemn look.



“Look, father,” exclaimed his

"you ain’t eat no more’n a bird!”



“I guess I’ll go over to that well,” said

he, “an‘ git a drink 0’ water. I drink

more’n I eat, if I ain't workin’.” But

when he came back, carefully bearing a

tin pail brimming with cool, clear water,

his face expressed disapprobation, and

he smacked his lipe scornfully.



“Terrible flat water!” he exclaimed.

“Tastes as if it had come out o’ the

cistern." But the others could find no

fault with it, and Peter drained the pail.



“Pretty good, I call it,” he said, and

Mrs. I‘ikc expressed a like opinion.



But Eli still shook his head and ejacu-

lated, “Brackish, brackish!” as he began

to put the bit in Doll’s patient mouth.

He was thinking, with a passion of lo)“

alty, of the clear, ice~cold water at home

which had never been shut out by a

pump from the purifying airs of heaven.

but lay where the splashing bucket and

chain broke, every day, the image of moss

and fern. His throat grew parched and

dry with longing.



When they were within three miles of

the sea it seemed to them that they could

taste the saltness of the incoming breeze.

The road was ankle deep in dust, the

garden flowers were glaring in their

brightness. It was a new world. And

when at last they emerged from the

marsh-bordered road upon a ridge 01,





wife,
fimsk





 





 





 





 





 





 





’twas.





 





 





JULY 8. 1911.

sand. and turned a corner, Mrs. Pike

faced her husband in triumph.

“There, father!" she cried, “there ’tis."

But Eli’s eyes were fixed on the dash-

board in front of him. He looked pale.

“Why, father," said she, impatiently,

“ain’t you goin’ to look? It's the sea!”

“Yes, yes,” said Eli, quietly; “bimeby.

I’m goin’ to put the horses up fust.”

- “Well, I never," said Mrs. Pike, and as

they drew .up on the sandy tract where

Peter had previously arranged a place

for their tents, she added, almost fret-

fully, turning to Hattie, “I dunno what’s

come over your father. There’s the wat-

er and he won’t even cast his eyes at it."

But Hattie understood her father, by

some intuition of love, though not of

likeness.

“Don't you bother him, ma,” she said.





"He’ll make up his mind to it, pretty

soon. Here, let's lift out these little

things While they’re unharnessin’, and





then they can get at the tents.”



Mrs. Pike’s mind was diverted by the

exigencies of labor, and she said no more;

but after the horses had been put up at

a neighboring barn, and Peter, red faced

with exertion, had superintended the tent

raising, Hattie slipped her arm around

her father's and led him away. “Come,

pa,” she said in a whisper; “let’s you and

me climb over or. them rocks."



Eli went; and when they had picked

their way over sand and pools to a head-

land where the water thundered below.

and salt spray dashed up in mist to their

feet, he turned and looked at the sea. He

faced it as a soul might face Almighty

greatness, only to be stricken blind there-

after; for his eyes filled painfully with

slow, hot tears. Hattie did not look at

him, but after awhile she shouted in his

ear, above the outcry of the surf: “Here,

pa, take my handkerchief. I don‘t know

how-it is about you, but this spray gets

in my eyes.”



Eli took it obediently, but he did not

speak; he only looked at the sea. The

two sat there, chilled and quite content,

until six o’clock, when Mrs. Pike came

calling to them with dramatic shouts,

emphasized by the waving of her ample

apron. “Supper's ready! Peter's built a

fire and I've made some tea!"



Then they slowly made their way back

to the tents and sat down to the evening

meal. Peter seemed content and Mrs.

riké‘ was'l‘iustling and triumphant.



“\Vell, father, what think?” she asked,

smiling exuberantly as she passed him

his‘mug of tea. “Does it come up to

what you expected?”



Eli turned upon her

eyes.



“I guess it does,” he said, gently.



That night they sat upon the shore

while the moon rose and laid in the water

her majestic pathway of light. El' was

the last to leave the rocks, and e lay

down on his hard couch in the tent With-

out speaking.



“I wouldn’t say much to father,” said

Hattie speaking to her mother as they

parted for the night. “He feels it more’n

we do."



”Well, I suppose he is some tired," said

Mrs. Pike, acquiescing, after a brief look

of surprise. “It’s a good deal of a jaunt,

but I dunno but I feel paid a’ready.

Should you take out your hairpins, Hat-

tie?” '



She slept soundly and vocally, .but her

husband did not close his eyes. lie look-

ed, though he could see nothing, through

the opening'of the tent, in the direction

where lay the sea, solemnly clamorous,

eternally responsive to some infinite

whisper from without his world. The

tension of the hour was almost more

than he could bear; he longed for morn—

ing, in sharp suspense, with the faint

hope that the light might bring relief.

Just as the stars faded, and one luminous

line penciled the east, he arose, smoothed

his hair and stepped softly out upon the

beach. There he saw two shadowy fig-

ures, Peter and Hattie. She hurried for-

ward to meet him. -



“You goin’ to see the sun rise, too,

father?" she asked. “I made 'l‘cter come.

He's awful mad at bein’ waked up.”



Eli grasped her arm. “Hattie,” he

said, in a whisper, “don't you tell. I jest

come out to see how ’twas here, before I

go. I’m goin’ home, I'm goin’ now!"



“Why, father,” said Hattie; but she

peered more closely into his face and her

tone changed. “All right," she added

"Peter’ll go and harness up.”



“No, I’m goin’ to walk."



“But, father—-"



“I don’t mean to break up your stayin’

here, nor your mother’s. Tell her how

I’m goin' to walk.”



Hattie turned and took her father’s





hand.





his mild, dazed





THE ‘MICHIGAN FARMER.





“I’ll slip into the tent and put up some-

thing for your breakfast and luncheon,"

she said. ’



So Eli yielded; but before his wife ap-

peared he had turned his back on the

sea, where the rose of dawn was fast

unfolding. As he jogged homeward, the

dusty roadsides bloomed with flowers of

paradise, and the insects’ dry chirp

thrilled like the song of angels. He turn-

ed into the yard just at the turning of the

day, when the fragrant smoke of many a

crackling fire curls cheerfully upward in

promise of the evening meal.



“What's busted?" asked Luke, swing-

ing down from his load of fodder corn

and beginning to unhamess Doll.



“Oh, nothin’," said Eli, leaping from

the wagon as if twenty years had been

taken from his bones. “I guess I'm too

old for such jaunts. I hope you didn’t

forget them cats.”





DOWN AND OUT.





BY F. M. COMSTOCK.





 





“It is the life beautiful," I said. One

of the men and both of the ladies looked

at me with tentative surprise. Then the

man, seeing I meant no harm, gave voice

to his thought.



“And what may that mean?" he asked.



“All this," I answered, with a sweep

of my hand taking in the two men and

their wives and children, who ranged

from six years down to a babe in arms.





I had followed them on to the Belle

Isle boat, and noticing something unusual

about them—that they acted like married

lovers, and that both the husbands and

their wives looked after

with adoring solicitude—I took a seat

near them with a thought that it might

be a case of the Sunday—go-to-meeting-

christian-order; but as they kept it up

for three full trips without a break in the

evidence I followed them off the boat to

chosen picnic grounds, when I introduced

myself with words of hearty commenda-

tion.



“It is right for a man to love his wife,"

I continued, “and for a wife to love her

husband, and for both of them to adore

their children, and teach them the leS<

sons of life with loving firmness.”



“Sure,” said one of the ladies.



“I'm sure,” said the other lady, “it‘s

the one thing that makes life worth the

living." And at this the other man, the

quiet one, gave me his attention.



“You must be a preacher,” he said.



“Not me," I answered him. “Just an

old man—homeless," I explained to him.



At this the quiet man came up and

gave me his hand. “Take a seat with

us and make yourself at home. It is easy

to see you love children.”



“Are you indeed homeless?” asked one

of the ladies, her Voice expressing her

sympathy, which found a hearty echo in

the “Too bad,” of her companion.



“Homeless and yet homesick,” I an-

swered her. “Yet I have a family I have

loved beyond measure.” I don't know

why I talked so freely to them—just be-

cause, I guess; but I was led from one

thing to another until I had told them

enough of my story to make them very

kind to me.



“They urged me to join them in their

lunch and refused to accept the excuses

I framed up for the occasion, for I had

it in my mind that they might misunder-

stand my thought in making so free with

them. In fact, they would not let me

go, and the happiest hours I had spent

since leaving home were spent in their

company. Their children played around

and with me, and one little girl that put

me in mind of my Mateel at home threw

her arms around my neck and kissed me.

Oh, it was a beautiful afternoon!





\Ve parted at last, but with the under-

standing that I was to call on them at

their homes; but I knew that I could not

stand that baby’s kiss and feel her arms

around my neck again without unman-

ning me, and so I have let them pass on

and out of my life.



I, that write this, am but telling the

story of a man who was down and out.

’l’hat he was without faults I do not deny,

nor yet does he; but that the penalty he

was paying for them was far beyond

their deserts I know in spite of anything

any human being might say to the con-

trury.





 





 





The art photographer was visiting the

farm. “1 want to make an exhaustive

study of this particular bit of landscape,”

he said, “and would like to have your

hired man retain his present position on

the fence there. Can he sit still?"



"For days at a time,” said the farmer.





\





their children '





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Have You

An Early-Rising

Problem?





Is it hard to get “the help” out

in the fields on time? Then, let

me solve it.



I’m Big Ben, “the big watch

with a breakfast bell”-—the [rut/z-

tellz'ng and reliable alarm clock.



I get you up. I never fail.





You are always first in the field

if 1 am in the sleeping room.



See me, today, at some good

jeweler’s. Hear me ring my break-

fast call.



Learn why I keep watr/z-lz'me.



$2.50 is my price. When you

know me you’ll be glad you

paid it.



”Plow deep while sluggards

sleep,” said old Ben Franklin.



“It’s time for wise men to get

up,” say 1, Big Ben, [be reliable

alarm clock.





BIG BEN





late of WESTERN CLOCK CO., La Salle, III.





1! your jeweler doesn't sell me I'll

come express pazd on receipt of 32.50





 





 





BUFFALO

BIGYGLES





 





 

 





 





 





9‘ —..





rn e 1L. 4 .oo. ($3.10 extra.)



Bicycle complctc nith‘ool kit and bell: frame

of reinforced seziiiili-ss steel tubing: has extra long

steel mud guards and all such standard equipnrent

as iii—position handle, bars. rubber rips. 3-3mm]



ng seat, "Beats All Puncture roof" tires,





 





   

   





<16) 35





\DiANBQVS/

—--— m --





/ M iner a1 \

Sprinq





ST.I_0UIS, MICHIGAN.





No need logo abroad. Here in Michi-

gan is one of the most, perfect alkaline

springs in the world.





The sick come on stretchers, they drink

and bathe and go away healed. The

water benefits nerves, stomach, liver and

kidneys. Gall stones, diabetes, Bright's

disease and eczema are usually cured to

stay cured.



Not a. resort—not. a sanitarium—just a

quiet; home in which to get. well.



Bountiful and varied meals and nour-

ishing, wechooked, food. Light airy

rooms and good bcds.



Write for circular and rates. Tell us

your ailment and we will let. you know

what our results have been in similar

cases.



We are glad to co-operate with your

home physician and will be pleased to

answer his inquiries.





llll. ANDREWS, III: B, St. louls, Iich.





ALESMEN WANTED





Trained Salesmen earn from $1,200.00 to

$10,000.00 a year and expenses. Hundreds of

good positions now open. No experience need-

ed to get one of them. We will assist you to

secure a position where you can get Practical

Experience as a Salesman and earn a good sat.

ary while you are learning. Write today for full

particulars, list of good positions we now have

open and testimonials from hundreds of men

recently placed in good positions.



dress Nearest Office. Dept. 20.





fictional Salesmen’a Training Association ‘

Orin»





 





Chan MY“ lit-”City Seattle New





SELLING AGENTS

WANTED.





Good, live, high gluulc representatives

wanted ill all mm growingr sections in

tho I'nitcd Statics to handle the





Bolton Orchard Heater

for the coming smson. A liberal com-

mission will be allowccl. This heater is

the pionccr in its line. is thc cheapest and

today stands without a peer.



Address, with I‘C‘It‘l‘t‘llt‘t‘s,





THE FROST PREVENTION 60..





Bank of ltlay Building, San Francisco, Cal.





 





 





V YANTE’D FOR If. S. AllMY—Ablebodicd. un~

. . married men between the agesof 18 and ii"),

citizens of 'United States, of good character and tem-

perate habits. who can speak, read and write the Eu-





glish langn . For information up I to Itocruitin

Officer, 212 p y g





. riswold St... Detroit, Mich.: Hem-enrich

Block. Saginaw. Mich; ('orner lst &. SuginawSts.,





Flint, Mich: 110 East Main St, Jackson, Mich.





 





   





s n



‘BLefevre" or Imported Twin Roller chain; finest

nickel and enamel finish. It‘s the easiest. run-

ning, most durable bicycle mudc; built, to give

reliable service. Guarnntccd for L-I-F-E.





30 DAYS F“





TRIAL





   





Let No Start You In Business!





I will furnish the advertising, matter and the plans.

I wantone sincere. earnest man in every town and

township,

business man. anyone anxious to improve his oono

dition. Address Commercial Democracy, DeptD 80, Elyrin, 0hi..





Funnels, Mechanics, Builders. Small





 





   

   

   





We will EXPRESS this Bicyclc PREPAID,

subject to your examination and approval at your

express co's ofiice—rivlc ll, :i‘ldnys, and if then

you are not. satisfied with it or certain it is the

equal or superior of an) sold for $34) wc will giro

you back cvcry cent of _\our lllIHH‘).





 

   

 





Send for “Money—Saving" Catalog, (Inna)—

Do it NOW.

F. F. RICK 8- 00., Manufacturers,





   





plcto

JONES NAT’L SCHOOL OF AI'(‘TIONBZIIKNG, $56 Washing

ton Blv'd, Chicago, Ill.





LEARN AUCTIONEEBING 3:43;. 3233





and Become Independent.





Catalogue and .

information FREE. ' com





Write for it today-





b‘ummer term opens July 31.





 





 





 





 





Dept. M l, aunaio. N. v.

to mcmlon thc Michi





, YOUNG MEN WANTED to LEA N

[5,! VETERINARY profession. Catalt Rio

W, K J- free. GRAND RAPIDS VETERINA v





COLLEG E, Dep. 11 Grand Rapids: Mich.





 





’

”out Fail gun Farmer when you





are writing to mlvci'liscm. ,





 





WANIE





—TIIAYI3LING SA LESBIAN for Implo-

niciit line. familiar with State of Michigan.

\ddrcss Box H2, Michigan Farmer. Detroit, Mich.





 





 





(Com)





llluil Beach Farm, Mich, Feb. 2, 1911

Michigan State Telephone ('o. .

Gentlemen: lictroit, Mich.





Beluga member of om». of the roadway

cmnpanics in this neighborhoodJ take

pleasure in recommending that the lamp

crs and I‘lll‘ill communities avail them-

selves of tho oppm‘tunity of building and

maintaining rhcir own telephone lines,

and apply for connection with tho Michi-





gan State Telephone (‘ompany as it has a

great many advantages, both from a

social and a financial standpoint.



In the first place. it is the cheapest way

of keeping a. telephone. and Ilcsinlcs the

farmers and their families can have the

privilege of chatting together on their own

circuit without taking the trouble of call-

ing up central, and as every telephone is

a long distance telephone, we can stay in

our own home and call up anybody at

any place where the great ‘Bell System”

has a telephone. ‘



I further wish to say that the Michigan

State Telephone Co. is treating the con-

necting companies with all the courtesy

that we could reasonably ask for. To

farmers who wish to refer to me in regard

to service, etc., I will gladly give any in-

formation that I can. Yours truly,



(Signed) J - YOUNGQUIST. President,



Sauble Telephone Co.

R. F. D. No. 5. Ludington.





 





 





 





'* Why Not Use





“Bell Service”





Costs less and offers

greatest advantages

to the farmer.





For particulars ‘write





Michigan ‘

State Telephone

Company





Detroit - Mich.





Rural Linc Dept.
“gueenie” Stan.J.Malicek,

orth Redwood. Minn.





 





"Billie,"





tin, DeSmet. b.





 





 





"Don," Oliver E. Olson,

International Falls. Minn.





 





 





 





 





fiat. Nick." Marcella Con-

ley, Ionia. Iowa.





 





.i/





 





 





 





 





“Beauty," Bertram Eld-





ridge. Bradford, Ill.





 





“Fairy. " Lawrence Ulrich,

itoselnount. Minn.





 





“Derby." A. Fitzsinllnons.

Prairie du Chlen. Wis.





 





 





 





“ Evangeline, ” Gladys





"Ned," George J; Ruby





 





 





T'Snarkle," Eloise Sav-





“F‘ritzie " Marie &Mar to





 





“Tony." Maurice Himie.





Houx. Marshall. Mo. Kobclin. Huntley. Mont.





PONIES





Notice we print the photographs, names and complete addresses of the whole 33 Ponies

(count them) and the boys and girls who won them, which we wouldn’t dare do

we give away real live Shetland Ponies and outfits.

. _. enclose a two-cent stamp for reply) they will tell you how lovely their ponies are, how easily they

Hm. 1,501,)...“ won them and how fairly we treated them. None of these boys or girls can compete for “Major



‘ Patsy” (which we are going to give to you or some other boy or girl as explained below) because

we wouldn’t want any one child to win two ponies and it gives you a much better chance to get him.





age, Watertown, S. D.





f'Bonnle." Amyle Kater.

Gildden. Ia.





AND THE BOYS ANO

OIIILS WNO OOT THEM





 





 





ANOTHER PONY FREE





If you want us to give you a pony and have your picture printed here next time riding him with these 33 other pony win

ners, don t fall to send us your name and address today and we will tell you more about “MAJOR PATSY” and how to be-

. . We can’t send you a pony unless you send us your name and address.

ponies than any other publisher in the United States and we are going to give away a lot more.





come a contestant for him.





ponies so that we can





page. If you haven’t a Shetland Pony yet and want one,

wrll stand of having us give you





just completely cover a page this size‘bvith little pictures like these that you see around the edges of this

“ the sooner you send us your name and address, the better chance you

MAJOR PATSY” the very next pony we are going to give away to you or some other boy or girl.





Parker, ’Wiiliam'sneld, ii,





If you write these boys and girls (be sure to





“Bonny," Elmer Both.

a





_W ukon. La.





Montevideo. Minn.





if it wasn’t true





 





 





"Duke, " Dorothy Lee

Eagle. Kansas City. Mo.





 





 





 





With Complete Out-

fit Shown Below





We have given away more

We want to give away enough





 





‘Klng." Vic. J. Breitbach.

Waupeton. Ia.





 





“Major Patsy”





is a dandy three-yezir-old

Spotted pony, 43 inches

high, and Weighs about

350 pounds. lie looks like

the ponies you see pith

circuscs and just exactly

as pretty and cute and

smart. \Ve selected him

at the {anions llcyl ’mly

Form, “'nshington, “L.

where there are hundreds

of the finest kind of Shet-

land Ponies. Ile dearly

loves children and is the

dandiest chum you could

possibly desire. He can

haul a wagon-load of

youngs ters along at a.

merry clip. If you send

us your name and get him

everybody in town will

envy you. And you would

be. the happiest child alive

if “Major l’lltsp'” was yours.





 





 





The Outfit





And best of all we send

free with “Major Patsy"

the complete Pony Outfit

as you see it. in the pic-

ture. The pony-wagon is

just the best we could buy

for our purpose. We have

given away so many that

we know exactly what

kind most boys and girls

like. The hand-

some black harness with

nickel trimmings looks just

fine on “Major Patsy.”

No child, no matter how

rich his parents may be,

owns a more desirable

pony outfit than this one

which we are going to send

free and pay all freight

and express charges. This

is surely the best chance

you ever had to get a

Shetland Pony, so if on





 





"Spotty," Mlidred Etter,

Madeila. Minn.





 





 





Think of the fine times you

can have taking your friends

driving all around. Read this

page through carefully and





then send your name and ad-

dress to us at once.





 





   





 





 





”Major Patsy” for you

or some other child.





"Brownie," Twylah Hart.

It. 1. Sidney. 0.





AnOON’T lET ANYONE PERSOAOE YOII THAT YOII OANNOT GET IT





Don't let anyone persuade you that you cannot get “MAJOR PATSY.”

let that discourage you because our plan of conducting pony contests ls dlflerent from others.

The Banker or Postmaster in your town undoubtedly knows of Webb Publishing Com-

pany, one of the largest publishing houses in the United States, so we can well afford to give away so many ponies.

are very short and you or some other boy or girl will get “MAJOR PATSY” and have him to drive to school and everywhere.

never heard of one of these boys or girls to whom we gave ponies until they wrote us they wanted one, which shows you how fair and

square our pony contests are and that no matter where the winner lives, “MAJOR PATSY” will be sent without one cent of cost





Farmer’s Wife and Poultry Herald.





 





"Mac," Ruth Mead,

Slater, Mo.





 





haven't one and would ike

to have us give you this

one send us your name

and address right now.





 





 





 





 





 





“Teddy,” George Cooper,

St. Cloud, Minn.





 





“Jack,” Bernice Harvey,

Creston. in.





If you have been unsuccessful in other contests don’t

We are publishers of The Farmer,





 

 





 





ooze: o- , :6





Daisy." Leta Hainllne.

Orient. Ia.





 





 





 





"Trixie." Frank Harris

Billings, Mont.





 





 





 





 





Our contests ‘ ‘

We Laddie,"- Robbie E.





ton. Nashua. Ia.





Not-





 





SEND YOUR NAME TODAY





Our

quickly that you will stand a better

chance to get this one, if you sit right

down and write us a letter or a postal

card or send the coupon opposite





given |

I



I



I



filled out with your name and address |

I



I



I



I



I





ponies are away so





(either way will be all right). The

work we require you to'do to become





a contestant. for "Major Patsy" is 7

something that any boy or girl who Lame """""""""""""""""""""" R- F' D ------------------------

could drive a pony can do. and any

child who becomes a contestant will

P. 0 ......................................... State ________________________





win a title prize, even if they tail to I

win “Major Patsy" which is the

best prize of all.





BE SURE TO ADDRESS YOUR

POSTAL CARD OR ENVELOPE





._ _ _ _ .Out Out and Sign this Coupon or Copy on 2: Postal Cord and Mail Today... _ .. .. .

THE FARMER’S WIFE, 323 Webb BIdg., St. Paul, Minn.





Please send me Certificate of Entry, and pictures of “Maior Pats)” and





tell me how to take care of Shetland Ponies and teed them.

land Pony and want to own “MaJor Patsy."





THE FARMERS WIFE





323





 





 





 





 





   





 





 





 





“Bob" John B. Corn, Jl

Little Rock. Ark.





 





 





“Dandy, n

rows. Delano. Minn.





B. l. Burt. Ia. Hoislngton. K88.





 





Grace Bur- "Bess." Wilferd Dearché. E‘Jim." Joey Edwards,





I haven‘t any fihet-





SAINT PAUL, MINNESOTA





Every Contestant :- Prize winner





All contestants will surely get a

prize of their own choosing from :1

lat which we will solid you. Besides ,

the Pony Outlit and ’l‘wenty-ilve'

Grand Prizes we shall ot‘lcr Gold

Watches. Base Ball Outfits. Gold

Bracelets. Fountain Pens, Hand Bags.

Flash Lights. Rifles. Shot Guns and

dozens of other desirable prizes. I! V

you become an enrolled contestant in

this Pony Contest you can't lose.

But don't let anyone ersuade you

that you can't win " ajor Patsy"

because you have the same chance

as any other child.





WEBB BUILDING





 





‘Mlschiei', " Orville Hlmle

Montevideo. Minn.





 





 





 





 





 





 





3'Prince," Norris Nupaon.

Preston. Minn.





 





"Jerry. “T ." I

These three ponies were given away June 26. Winners announce





 





 





 





n





“Ca taln.". '

July 5. 19‘





 





 





 





 





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