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The Only Weekly Agricultural, Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State.





 





VOL. CXXXVII. No. 3. z

Whole Number 3556.





DETROIT, MICH'» SATURDAY. JULY 15. 19".





£81.00 A YEAR.

82.75 FIVE YEARS.





 





FARM NOTES.





A Weed Problem.





I had a field of alsike and red clover

this year, in the first cutting on which

grew rather profusely a weed called by

the experiment station, “Night Flowering

Catchfly.” Now I did not try to eradi-

cate the weed before cutting the hay,

thinking that it would not seed until





later, but I am now satisfied that it will, .





and would like to know the best course

to follow regarding the disposal of the

hay; also, in the handling of the land to

eliminate the weed. I would like to plow

the field as early as possible and sow to

wheat. Would it be better to plant to

corn? If so, would it matter whether

fall or spring plowed? The seed 1 used

was of my own raising, except the alsike,

of which I enclose a sample. Can you

determine whether the seed is contami-

nated by this weed seed and to what

amount?



W'ashtenaw Co. XV. J. R.





The problem with which this inquirer

is confronted is a double one, including

the disposal of the hay crop so as to

avoid spreading the weed into other fields

as well as its eradication from the field

in which it is already present. “Then the

problem is viewed from this double angle

it would seem to be the best plan to

delay plowing the field until spring and

draw out the manure made from the in-

fested hay on this same field where the

hay grew'? This will solve One phase of

the; problem by preventing the spreading

M*'the‘%ed “through the mediuni' 1- A:





 





planting the infested field to corn and

giving it sufficiently thorough culture

next summer, the seeds which are near

enough to the surface of the soil‘ to

germinate will be destroyed. Then the

field may be sown to wheat after the

corn or to a spring grain crop the fol-

lowing season and again seeded to clover,

and when this clover sod is plowed down

for another cultivated crop good thor-

ough culture will again destroy the seeds

of this weed which may be turned to the

surface and still retain sufficient vitality

to germinate, as many of them doubtless

will. In this way the weed can be eradi-

cated from the field with little actual ex-

pense, and its further spreading be re-





' duced to the minimum. At the same time





this method of handling the field would

be one well calculated to conserve its

fertility. Of course, if desired, another

cultivated crop could follow the corn, but

this would not insure no-

ticeably better results in

getting rid of the weed,

and the longer the rota-

tion would prove more

exhaustive to the avail-

able fertility of the soil.



The Night Flowering

Catchfiy is an annual,

somewhat closely related

to cockle or campion, but

is less persistent than

some members of the

family which are peren—

nial in»thelr‘ habits of

growth. It derives its

name from the fact that

the blossoms open at

night and from another

peculiarity mentioned be-





low. The difliculty in

eradicating it is some-

what increased on ac-





cdunt of the size and

thicknes of its roots, it

being a vigorous grower.

Thezplant is tall and very

leafy; with a viscid secre-

tion Over 'its stem, some-

times so prefuse that in-

setts become entangled in

ital The flowers are white

arid fragrant and the

seeds of a dull grayish

brown, of an oval or kid-

ney shape, "but slightly

flattened. They are about





 





» Themfib’ffi i '





Farm Home of J. '8. Strange.





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 





 





L- .-_.___,-,“___ his





One of the Large Elm Trees About the Home of J. S. Strange, of Eaton County.





 





 





This tree, which is over four feet in diameter and the branches of which

have a spread of 90 feet, came from the seed 72 years ago, the year after the first

little "clearing” was made on the farm by the father of the present owner. This

tree, and others of the same group, afford a valuable object lesson on the pos—

sibilities of tree growth during the allotted span of a man’s life.





 





the size of a clover seed and have eight

or 10 rows of granules or tubercles on

each side. None of these seeds were

tound in the sample of alsike clover seed

received with the above inquiry, which

illustrates the fact that weeds are often

introduced on the farm without the own-

er knowing just when or how they came.

The above description of this weed and

its seed is given, however, in order that

other readers may the better recognize

it and guard against getting the seed as

an adultcrant of clover or other grass

seed. The plant was introduccd from

Europe but has become thoroughly nat—

uralized, although it is not particularly

prevalent. The plant and its seed re-

sembles the Bladder Cumpion or Cow

Bell, a perennial which is a tI'UllblCSl)”lC

weed in Ontario and in some scctions of

this country, also the \\'hite (‘umpioin or

VVhite Cockle. which is :1 bicnniul also in-

troduced from Europe, and othcr spccies

of a similar nature.

Buckhorn; or Narrow Leafed Plaintain.

I have eight acres of un-udow w<-ll seed-

ed With buckhorn. l intcnd to plow this

soon after the hay is off. to keep the

buckhorn from going to sccd any further

and also start whut sccd there is in the

ground. \Vhat Would bc best to sow on

this field to plow under for corn next

spring? The soil is a sand loam well run.

Ottawa Cu. K '.

The question is whether this weed is

such a serious pest as to make it neces—

sary or profitable to devote much extra

time and labor to its eradication other

than that necessary to the clean culture

of the hood or cultivated crops grown in

the regular crop rotation. Buckliorn is

not as bad a wecd us many which int‘cst

our fields for the reason that both cattle

and sheep will eat: it in the pasture and

do not leave it when it is fed to tin-m in

hay. llowevcr. it is an undesirublc wccd.

and when :1 field once gets well sccdcd

to it is is quite a task to eradicate it on-

tirely. The plan of plowing the field af-

ter haying and sowing some crop on it

for green manure to be plowed down for

corn next spring would make its eradica-

tion possible quicker than any other plan,

for the reason that the seed which has

been scattered on the ground and which

would be plowed down with the sod,

would be again turned to the surface

when the field is plowed for corn and

could be quite thoroughly eradicated by

giving the corn field thor-





 





 





 





 





The Screened Porch Is an Important Factor In Summer Comfort.





ough culture next sum-

mer. In case this plan

is followed probably the

best combination of seed

to sow for the purpose

Would be rye and vetches.

the culture of which is

described on page three

of this issue. However,

rye alone, or rye and

rape would serve an ex-

cellent purpose as a cov-

er crop and to be plowed





down for corn next

spring. and would add

considerable vegetable





matter to the soil.





However, if the mea-

dow is clover or if it con-

tains a liberal proportion

of clover plants, it would

be better for the land to

let this grow up and go

back on the ground after

haying and plow it down

for corn next spring, and

on the kind of land de-

scribed the writer would

follow this plan. The

plantain will send up

very few new seed stalks

after haying, and some

of the seeds scattered on

the ground will grow af-

ter the fall rains come.

Then if the field is plant-
38 ' (2)





ed to corn next year and seeded to clo-

ver in a grain crop sowed after the corn

or the following spring without replow—

ing the land, the buckhorn seed left in"

the ground will be buried so deeply that

it will not germinate, and can be finally

eradicated when the field is again plowed

up for a cultivated crop after the clover

has been mowed or pastured for one sea—

son. This plan would economize labor

and be best for the soil, as it would pro—

vide for a short rotation in which the

land would be again quickly seeded to

clover, and the manure could be drawn

on the sod during the winter and spring

and thus hasten the building up of the

field. Buckhorn is seldom a sufficiently

serious or persistent pest 011 this kind of

land to make it profitable to follow a plan

in its eradication which involves addi—

tional labor and expense, since it can be

held in subjection by the method above

advised at a minimum of cost.





LILLIE FARMSTEAD NOTES.





 





Celebrating the Fourth.



An ordinary year when we have the

Work well in hand I do not plan to work

on the Fourth. I believe that the anni—

versary of the birth of our government

should be observed ordinarily and I be-

lieve in educating the youths of the land

so that they will have a certain amount

of reverence and respect for this national

holiday, although in recent years I must

admit that the average celebration does

little to inspire patriotism in the minds of





the growing children. .\ bowery dance

or a ball game and a whooper—up in gcn~

eral in my estimation does very little

towards creating ideas of patriotism in





the growing boys and girls. Ilut where

the old time celebration is properly

brought out and a good patriotic address

delivered that is most interesting and in-

structive I believe it does good, and ordi—

narily I think that people can afford to

take some time off and attend to this,

but this year in this section of the coun—

try we had rather extraordinary condi-

tions and I did not feel that 1 could af-

ford to let the crops suffer as long as

there was no celebration anywhere near

us. In our own town nothing was doing

and I found out that a number of the

men ‘wonld just as soon work as to lay

idle. ,fi‘hey would not go any great dis—

tance for a celebration, and therefore we

planned 011 doing some business on the

Fourth. Of course, I couldn‘t get the full

gang of men to work but we got enough

of them so that we hauled hay all day

with four teams. \Ye had to haul hay

nearly a mile and we put in 25 loads of

as nice hay as you ever saw go into a

barn, and I also kept the binder runnin,tr

besides having two of us to attend to

the chores. Two men at Lillie Farm—

stead never think of going into the field

from one year‘s end to another, now. '\\'o

have got so many cows to look after and

so many other chores that we, do not

think of having these two men work in

the field. One of these men was gone

and -so I had to take the place of one of

them.



The milking, of course, is done in the

summer time with the milking machine

so that two men can easily milk 54 or 55

cows; I say easily. I can assure you that

it is a hot job on such a Fourth of July

as we had this year. but two men with

a milkingr machine can do the work, and

they couldn’t do it by hand and thus

leave the balance to work in the field.

The. consequence is that we got a nice

ticld of wheat harvested and almost fin—

ishcd the haying. This t‘orenoon, the 5th,

finished hauling in all of the hay with

the exception of a load or two of rakings

which were not; yet ready, and we have

got up a nice bunch of hay. I don’t think

I ever secured a hay harvest with as

good quality, taking all into considera—

tion, as we put into the barn this year.





tine lit—acre field we mowed down to-

wards night on Friday afternoon and fin-

ished Saturday forenoon. Just at noon

there came a soaking shower. Now, it

was not a very good forenoon for hay

and it made very little, consequently it

was green in the swath when the rain

came. I intended to have this all raked

up and cocked by that night but it didn’t

make a bit. It was cloudy and rained

some all afternoon. I thought I would

lose a lot in the quality of this hay be—

cause the next day was Sunday, but the

weather favored me, and all day Sunday

it was cloudy and now and then a misty

rain, so that the hay stayed there with—

out making at all. Monday morning was

not a good day but along towards the

middle of the forenoon it faired off and

we put on two tedders and tedded it up

thoroughly and right after dinner com-





THE MICHIGAN FARMER, R





We got it all into

rows that night with a. little of it cooked

up. That night there came another small





menced to rake it.





shower of rain. The hay was pretty

green in the WIDdI‘OWS and consequently

this shower did not do as much harm as

one would naturally expect. The next

morning I put the tedders on the wind—

rows and kicked out the water and cocked

it up. Some of it, was real wet, but I

wouldn't let it lay in the sun any longer.

Some of the men thought that the hay

would be absolutely ruined but again I

had been favored, and this has been a

splendid drying week. The weather was

hot, with drying winds, and those cocks

cured out with the exception of just a.

little bit on the bottom of them. “'e

began hauling on Thursday of that week

and by tipping the cocks over in the

morning by ten o‘clock they were ready

to haul and the hay was put into the

barn in fine condition. Much of it is not

colored at all. I am absolutely pleased

and surprised at the quality of the hay,

but as I say, it was luck, nothing but

luck. \K’e were simply favored with

weather that fitted these conditions and

helped us out.



The hot, dry weather has ripened up

the wheat. “'e began cutting our wheat

on the last day of June, something that

I never did before. If nothing happens

by tomorrow night, the night of the 6th,

we will have our 55 acres of wheat cut,

and it is a. splendid crop. Anyone that

would complain over this crop of wheat

that I have this year, and the quality of

it, would be extremely ungrateful, I

think.



It bids fair now to be one of the best

corn years that we have had in this sec-

tion for some time. The 30—acre field

that I planted first is waist—high, in fact,

we have got to hustle up to get through

it with a double cultivator. This haying

and harvesting has put us back some

on the cultivating and we are going to

have some weeds in this field. It will be

absolutely impossible unless we hand—hoe

it and that will not pay, so we are simply

going to cultivate it the best we can and

let it grow. but the growth of this corn

is phenomenal.



The two fields of ensilage corn which

were planted late along in June are also

doing fine. \Ve haven't cultivated them

as much as we ought 0 because we have

had all hands in the sugar beets and in

the harvest and hay fields, but it doesn't

seem to make so very much difference





this year about the cultivation. The corn

grows just the same. The hot weather

is what the corn plant wants. Now that





the hay is in and the wheat harvested we

shall delay hauling the wheat until we

have time to go over all of the cultivated

ground and thoroughly stir it up, probably

by that time it will rain again and it

will need cultivating again, but that we

do not know and we will simply do the

best we can and the best we know how

under the circumstances and abide by

the results.



\Ve have finally got our potatoes plant-

ed. Finished, I think, on the 27th day of

June. The seed didn’t keep as well as

it does some years and I don’t think I

am going to have a perfect stand. I put

the seed in pretty thick and perhaps

there will be enough. Some of the men

who dropped the potatoes said that they

Were so thick that they never could

amount to anything. This five acres of

potatoes is 66 rods long and this, of

course, makes it narrow the other way

so I thought that it wouldn't pay to row

them both ways. I wanted to use some

fertilizer in the drill. I furrowed out the

ground with a common walking plow.

Now it would be quite a job to put fer~

tilizer by hand in these rows so I con-

ceived the idea of fixing my lime spread—

er, stopping up two of the spouts and

then leaving one so that we could dis—

tribute fertilizer with three Of them. By

following these furrows it did it nicely.

Then I hitched on three single cultivators

behind; had a man to each cultivator and

we cultivated this fertilizer in the fur-

rows and thoroughly mixed it with the

soil. Then we dropped the potatoes and

covered with a hoe and then harrowed

the ground.



COLON C. LILLIE.





 





BEING HIRED MAN DURING VACA-

TION.



The question of summer employment



is an annual one to many college students



and school teachers. The employment





secured usually ranges through ordinary

day labor, clerklng, canvassing, etc. In

fact, it includes almost anything that

offers an opportunity to save money. Of

course, a certain class is looking for a.





”soft clothes" job of acme sort and gives

the preference to the.one requiring little

manual labor.



Last summer I determined to change

my usual plan, and to work somewhere

in a strange neighborhood as a. plain hired

man. I was acquainted with farm work.

and wished to see how farm labor would

appear from the laborer’s standpoint. I

also wanted to find just what it offered

to a student like myself, who Wished to

save money during the summer vacation.



I began work in June. at $25 per month,

on a general farm of 60 acres, which was

being rapidly planted to orchard and

fruit. Arriving on the ground, I found I

was the third hired man since March 1.

The first one had fed more grain to the

horses than he was instructed to, With

the result that during a rainy period of

slack work, one of the horses stocked up

and became very lame. Accordingly man

No. 1 was "let go.” No. 2 agreed to work

all summer, but after two or three weekS.

he suddenly discovered that he had so

much to do at home that he would have

to quit. Consequently I was NO. 3.



I was supposed to take care of three

horses and do 10 hours‘ work in the field.

This meant getting up at five a. m.,

breakfast about six and starting for work

a little before seven. For various rea—

sons this program was not always carried

out. Some days I did not get up at five

or work 10 hours, and on a few days I

worked longer. The work varied through

cleaning ditch, taking down fence, helping

make a small amount of hay, hoeing

strawberries, cultivating corn and spray-

ing and cultivating orchard. I found

the proprietor knew what constituted a

fair day’s work, and expected that much

to be well done.



I believe, on the whole, my work was

satisfactory. Some things I know I did

well, some fairly Well and some poorly.

Throughout the summer I was treated

with every consideration. I was given

credit for knowing the importance of do-

ing work well, and that my labor and ev-

ery operation had a definite value to ml’

employer. Even at that I was guilty of

barking thrifty young apple trees, of

leaving out a row while planting corn,

which was not discovered for two weeks,

and of showing amazing denseness about

certain simple operations ,



I believe I was better located than the

majority of surrounding hired men Three

or four with whom I came in contact

were exposed to longer hours, petty ex-

actions and domineering orders which

would have been difficult for me to work

under.



My room was neat and comfortably

furnished, while the board was excellent

and well cooked. Yet I did get somewhat

tired of scrambled eggs for breakfast ev—

ery morning I was there except three,

and one of these the eggs were cooked

but forgotten.



One of the things which impressed me

with the ordinary method of hiring farm

labor is the disadvantage of having the

hired man live in the family. It means

bringing a stranger of unknown habits

and morals into the home. Even though

he be above reproach and the equal of

his employer in many ways, yet he is a

stranger and must detract from the home

life to that extent.



According to my agreemdnt when hired

I quit work early in September. My ac-

count showed‘l had earned $77 for three

months and two days’ work By 11 orking

Jilly 4th and DICking strawberries on Sun-

lays I had $3. 50 for overtime, or a total

of $80 50. My total expenses during that

time. amounted to $9 50 leaving me $71.



My experience shows that if a young

man wishes to save money during his

summer vacation and is willing to work,

that the farms Of Michigan offer an ex—

cellent opportunity. Of course. many

save more money at much easier Work

than I had. But a great many of the

YOImg men tending ice cream soda fount—

ains, or roaming the country canvassing

for some untried novelty, could not show

as much for their summer’s work as I

could.



Fvery summer there are many earnest

young men from our schools and colleges

10010113 for work Many of them are used

to hard work and willing to do it if they

are reasonably sure of being able to save

a fair amount as a result of their sum~

mer’s labor. Of course, some of these

men may not be well acquainted with

farm work, or be in excellent shape for

hard labor the first few days. But they

will be intelligent and earnest and willing

to learn. With patience on the part of

the employer, and the ability to plan and

direct work without driving and nagging,

he will find that the majority of them

will make good.





Mason 00. J. H. T.





JULYis, 11111.





'1 7” ¢\\



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UBNGRETE IN THE BUUNTBY.





A book of 114 pages, fully illustrated fshowing how

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HARVESTEB with Binder Attach-

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and shocks equal with a corn Binder.



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fluid for ane,free book. an about 11111111111311 and the ‘
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JULY 15, 1911.





GROWING SAND VETCH lN MICHI-

" GAN.





 





I would like some advice through you)

paper in regard to sand vetch. I have

a light, sandy field that I failed to get a

seeding on last year and this field has

had no clover on it for at least 15 years.

Now, if I sow vetch on this field in July

(about 1/2 bu. seed per acre, I don’t feel

as though I can afford any more). would

that yield enough green manure so it

would pay to be plowed down for con

next year? I would also like to know if

it can be used for pasture for cattle and

horses? Would it do any good to sow

some rye with it?



Osceola Co. R. L. L.





The sand vetch is gaining rapidly in

popularity throughout the sandy districts

of Michigan and Wisconsin. While it

makes a larger growth on medium to

heavy soil, it gives very satisfactory

yields of seed, hay, and pasture when

grown on well drained and properly pre-

pared sandy soils.



The seed weighs 60 lbs. per bushel, us-

ually costs from five to seven dollars a

bushel, and shOuld be sown at the rate of

from 30 to 40 lbs. per acre. A half

bushel of winter rye per acre should be

sown with the vetch in order to support

the vetch plants.



Like other legumes, the sand vetch,

when inoculated, has the power through

its root nodules to feed on the nitrogen

of the air. This quality enables the crop

to become a soil improver. At the time

of sewing the vetch, the soil should be

inoculated with from 300 to 500 lbs. of

soil per acre taken from an old vetch

field that is well inoculated. Inoculating

soil may also be taken from a field on

which peas have been grown successfully.

When the field has not been artificially

inoculated, it often happens that vigorous

plants occur only in patches. This is

due to the fact that the inoculation is

not complete.



The sand vetch may be cut for seed,

cured as hay, pastured, or it may be

used as a soiling crop, or be plowed un—

der as green manure. Last year some

of our sandy land produced $20 worth of

rye and vetch seed per acre. There was

some difi’iculty in separating the vetch

seed from the rye. We will try to avoid

this trouble next year by sowing the

vetch with winter speltz from which it

canwegsjly be separated. As we have

nogmfiade this trial, I can say noth-

ing po‘si’tlvely about its merits.



Yields of two tons per acre of good hay.

are sometimes obtained in light soil. The

hay appears to be relished, and its feed-

ing value is rated high.



Not having seen the sand vetch used

much as a pasture, I can say little con-

cerning its value for this purpose. It is

used. on many Michigan farms as a soil-

ing crop, and in this capacity the results

are satisfactory. '



It is, however, as a green manure crop

that the sand vetch is grown most exten-

sively in Michigan and Wisconsin. By

sowing it about the middle of August or

earlier, there should be a heavy crop to

plow under the latter part of the follow—

ing May or the first of June. On the 30th

of May this year, the winter rye and sand

vetches on the farm of Arthur Hull, near

Montello, \Visconsin, were so heavy that

I am satisfied they could have been

plowed under with difficulty. This was

on sandy land that was in fair condition

and thoroughly inoculated.



Having made a careful study of this

crop on many Michigan farms during the

past four years, I do not hesitate to rec-

ommend it to farmers who are trying to

make a success of farming on sandy land.

I do not expect the sand vetch to take

the place of clover and alfalfa on the

richer and heavier types of soil.



J. C. MCDOWELL,

Agriculturist, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture.





THE RIGHT TIME TO CUT PEAS AND

OATS FOR HAY.





The right time to cut peas and oats for

hay is when the oats are in the milk.

When you pinch the grain and the milk

spurts out, cut them. The peas should

be formed in the pod but should be soft

like the cats. Do not delay after this

time. Cure them just as you would

clover hay. 'lhe best way is to cut them

down in the morning, run the tedder

over them and rake in windrows towards

evening, put in cocks and let them cure

in the cock, but you can cure in wind-

rows, of course, if you prefer.



Those that you intend to turn the hogs

in are too far along now for pasture be-

cause they will trample them down and

if you will let them ripen and then let the

hogs in and eat the grain it will be better.

I have a portion of my orchard sown to

oats and peas for this purpose.



COLON C. ,LILLIE.





 





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.‘





“After more than fifty years’ experience in

growing wheat, I find there is still so much to learn.

One fact of vast importance has been learned—that

a thoroughly fine seed bed should be prepared. By

“thoroughly” I mean cultivate the land until it

is fine enough. If the ground plows hard and

lumpy, do not plow at all if it can possibly be pul-

verized fine to a depth of two and one-half or

three inches by either a spring tooth or disc har-

row. It is much better and surer for a crop than

plowing. If the Fall is exceedingly dry, the

wheat drilled on a hard bottom, if covered by an

inch or two of very fine soil, will grow even if it

(lees not rain. If the ground can be plowed, do not

plow if you can possibly get a pulverized surface





as I find it does better than other makes on our

soil. Fertilizer gives a plumper berry than barn-

yard manure. It also makes the crop earlier and





goods are thoroughly analyzed.





Phosphoric Acid. The actual analysis





mean business for you.





Get Plumper Wheat

and More Wheat





HOW? Here is a progressive farmer’s method and

his own story of results.





of three or four inches. It is better than deep

plowing. Wheat does better if the roots

spread out on hard ground and covered one or

two inches of very fine soil. Wheat will also

stand better through the Winter; is less liable to

freeze or heave out. About six or seven peeks to

the acre is about the right amount of seed.



“For more than twenty-five years I have used

commercial fertilizer on wheat, and find that in

most cases it is surer than barnyard manure.



“If you use both, so much the better. Use the

barnyard manure for the corn and potatoes or

spread evenly on the meadows or pasture. If

there is any left use it on the wheat. My exper—

ience has been mostly with





 





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M" There is no chance to make any money

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We guarantee that our Fertilizers are brought up to the highest

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good Fertilizers are two different propositions.





Making Fertilizers and making





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fine ground and perfectly dry, guaranteed to analyze not less than 34% Available





is about 36% Available. This Fertilizer





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form of Phosphoric Acid for fertilizing wheat.





If there should be no agent in your town selling our Fertilizer, write us. It might





The American Agricultural Chemical Company

Detroit Sales Department, DETROIT, MICH.





Largest manufacturers of high grade Fertilizers in the world. Our factories never shut down





 





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E POULTRYMH1 BEES3

. 4



PREPARING THE EARLY CHICKS FOR

MARKET.



As stated last week, it is advisable to

confine the stock which has reached mar-

ketable age—the cockerels not wanted for

breeders, and the cull pullets—in crates

or coops preparatory to a few weeks of

liberal feeding before selling.



Very fair coops may be made froth old

packing boxes by taking off the front

and bottom and substituting slats in

their places. Put a small V—shaped

trough in front of the coop for

shaped trough in front of the coop for

feeding and watering. This trough is

usually made 3 in. deep of 1/2—in. lumber.

It is hung;r in front of the crate by wire.

Before the birds are placed in the crates

they should be well dusted with sulphur.

They should be starved for 20 hours and

fed sparingly for a few days until they

get accustomed to the change of feed.

Then they should be fed three times a

day for the first two weeks and then thice

a day until ready to, kill which is usually

in from three to four weeks. Water

should be given once a day in warm

weather and grit twice a week.



\N'hat to feed in order to fatten the

‘fowls quickly is the next question. Most

poultrymen advise using a moist ration,

but of course such rations must be fed

with care, especially at this season. Any

part of the allowance that is not eaten

must not remain before them from one

meal to the next, as it will sour and

bring on bowel disorders. (live the fowls

about 20 minutes in which to eat, then

remove the“feeding troughs, wash them

and allow them to dry in the sun. They

will then be sweet and clean when want-

ed for the next meal. Three rations

which have been used with good results

by the poultry department of the Penn-

sylvania experiment station are given

below for the benefit of those who are

somewhat in doubt as to what should be

fed. It will be noted these are mostly

mixtures of grains or grain products

which are available upon most farms, and

that in t'dCll instance they are moistened

with. sour milk. The claim is made that

the sour milk is especially beneficial in

that it aids digestion and prevents the

tendency toward feverishness which is so

apt to show itself when fowls are first

placed in confinement. This tendency is

of course, most pronounced in hot weath-

er and therefore the use of sour milk

is recommended, either as a drink or for

moistening the grain ration.



The first of the rations referred to is

composed of 5 parts corn meal, 1 part

ground oats lwith hulls removed) and 1

part animal meal, the whole thoroughly

mixed and moistened until rather soft

with the milk. The second is made up of

equal parts corn meal, ground buckwheat

and ground oats, and the third of 3 parts

barley meal, 2 parts 111iddlings, 2 parts

ground buckwheat and 1 part corn meal.

The use of all three, in succession, will

probably give most, satisfactory results,

since changes in the. ration, even though

slight and under forced feeding, have

their value in sharpening the appetite.





 





 





A FEW HOT WEATHER HINTS.





 





it cxll'cmc cold is bad, extreme heat

also works as great, ill to the flock and

crery provision possible should be made

to counu-ract it and keep the fowls clean

and comfortable.



How about protection against the sun?

is it ample? I have seen a flock of hens

with their heads up panting like a flock

of sheep penned up waiting to be sheared

They will not continue laying long under

those conditions.



Shade should be provided by trees in

your park if a park is used. If, as some—

times happens, there are no trees, and

no vines have. been planted to cover the

fences and thus furnish shade, it is well

to erect some kind of a barrier which will

help some.



\l'ild cucumber vines, or the seeds rath-

er. should be sowed in the late fall all

along the outside and about six inches

from the park fence. They will come up

the next spring and by the middle of

June will cover the whole fence, adding

much to the appearance and giving lots

of shade.



“'hen there is no running water for the

flock, the water should be changed at

least twice a day. If you don’t think

chickens appreciate a cold drink on a hot

day just leave a. supply of warm water

beside the cold and see which they will





THE MlCHlGAN FARMER.





drink; they will leave the warm for the

cold every time. - Another thing I have

noticed: neglect to keep your layers sup-





plied with cold water and see how quickly





the quality of your eggs depreciates. I

have seen eggs that were spoiled when

laid, because they came from an over-

heated hen, and I want to say right here

that the keeping of an egg should begin

before it is laid; that proper care of the

hen is necessary if an egg is to be kept

any length of time.



This is more particularly true of the

large poultry farms, where so many hens

are kept together. IVhen there is a large

run for a small flock each hen has more

chance to get what she needs of proper

food, drink and comfortable surroundings.



During the hot months more attention

should be paid to cleanliness than at any

other time of the year. Vi‘ith the rapid

incubation of insect pests the houses

should be sprayed at least every week

with some lice killer. Another thing, as

the lice that are on the hens themselves

can't be reached by spraying the roosts,

and as it is vexatious to catch and treat

every one, a good remedy is to take four

parts gasoline and one part crude car-

bolic acid and, just before roosting time,

take a. whitewash brush and paint the

roosts with this solution. The evapora-

tion of the gasoline, carrying the fumes

of the carbolic acid, gets up under the

feathers and wings of the roosting birds

and finishes up the job. I am somewhat

of a “crank" on fighting the chicken ver-

min, but it is because I am convinced

there is more loss caused by these pests

than is usually dreamed of. The lice

problem sometimes becomes so acute, in

fact, that the flock should be shut out

from the roosts entirely and roosting

places made out of doors.



Speaking of egg quality, it is quite a

common habit to leave eggs in the nests

over night or even for a day or more.

This is a very great mistake. The egg

should he gathered this hot weather as

soon as possible after being laid and put

in as cool a place as is available.



All toe eggs are not spoiled after reach—

ing cold storage. Our pure food laws are

becoming more and more stringent and

the time is rapidly approaching when it

will be impossible to market spoiled and

tainted eggs, as testers will be used that

will show up the bad ones almost as fast

as they can be counted.



While it is not always possible to tell

an egg that is not wholly bad, it is just

as easy to hunt the eggs every day as it

is to leave them in the nests and develop

a lot of extra broodiness among the lay-

ers, necessitating breaking them up and

the consequent loss of eggs, for the early

removal of the egg from the hen’s sight

is the best preventive of broodiness.



Isabella. Co. WM. J. COOPER.





 





THE FOWLS’ DUST BATH.



The dust bath contributes to the health

of poultry even as the water bath con—

triluites to the health of human beings.

Of all the essentials the dust bath is one

of the most important, and yet more of-

ten than not it is not provided. \Vhen

fowls are infected with insect pests they

are unhealthy. They may not be so un-

healthy as to Show it by outward ap—

pearance, but they do show it in their

lethargic habits. In other words, there

may be no sign of illness apparent, but

that they feel ill there is little doubt

when they fail to grow as they should

do, or fail to produce eggs when they

should naturally be doing so.



If fowls are being continually tortured

with body lice it cannot be said that

they are thoroughly healthy. To be heal—

thy the fowls must feel healthy and hap-

py. They may be periodically dusted with

insect powders, but these insecticides are

too expensive and entail too much time

in their application, when large flocks of

fowls have to be dealt with; besides, their

effect is not permanent, and the exercise

stu 11 as the dust bath affords is dispensed

with. Fowls delight to bask in a heap of

sand, coal ashes or earth on a warm

summer’s day. The earth cools their fev—

erish skins and assists in removing from

them the scales of waste animal tissue

and the many forms of insect life that

lurk at the roots of the feathers.



The dust bath also creates healthy ex-

ercise among the fowls and they seem to

revel in it. Not only should fowls be pro-

vided with a dust bath during the sum—

mer months, but they should have one

all the year round. Lice breed on fowls

in winter, and unless checked they soon

put an end to comfort and curtail egg

production. The presence of lice often

accounts for low vitality in fowls, and

when contagion of any kind breaks out





in the poultry yard such fowls are the

first to contract it. . _



In mild seasons the dust bath may be

made outside the day shelter by digging

a good—sized hole a foot deep and filling

this with equal parts of road dust, fine

coal ashes and sand. During the winter

months the bath may be made under the

scratching shed or day shelter by par-

titioning a portion of it off by means of

a board wide enough to prevent the fowls

scratching litter into it. The same ma-

terials as recommended for outside use

may be employed. If some powdered sul-

phur is added to the ingredients it will

greatly improve the bath as an insect de-

stroyer. During very hot weather the

contents of the bath should occasionally

be moistened with water from a sprink-

ling can.



Canada. W. R. GILBERT.

AFTER-SWARMING—HOW TO PRE-

VENT IT.



Probably there ls nothing so perplexing

to the farmer who keeps a few colonies

of bees, or in fact, to the apiarist with

his hundreds of colonies, as after-

swarms. They are rarely wanted by any-

one, but are generally ever present to

annoy, unless they are prevented from

issuing. NVith box hives and log gums,

coupled with the lack of knowledge of 30

or 40 years ago, few could do little else

than let them issue at will. They were

often returned, only to issue the next

day, and often again on the same day.

But since the frame hive has come into

general use, the after-swarming nuisance

may be largely prevented, but in order

to do this we must know the conditions

causing the issue of such swarms and

when they are to be expected.



From a colony of bees in normal condi-

tion, the first swarm will issue with the

sealing of the first queen cell, unless

hindered by unfavorable weather or other

circumstances. If we cut off all the cells

but one on the fifth or sixth day after

the issuing of the swarm, as has been

1ecommended many times, we are not

sure that the cell left will hatch: and,

furthermore, the bees still have larvae

young enough to convert into queens.

which they are almost sure to do, and

in this case they will often kill the queen

which hatches first instead of allowing

her to destroy these later started cells,

when we not only have as many after-

s'warms as we should have had had we

not cut the cells, but we have also the

disadvantage of having queens reared

from old larvae, which all concede gives

inferior queens.



Now, if we wait about this cutting of

cells until the eighth day we shall run

no risk of the colony swarming. \\’here

the first swarm was not kept back by

foul weather there will be no larvae young

enough to convert into queens, and as a

rule. the first, young queen will be

hatched, and thus we can make a sure

thing of the, matter if we are sure we

cut off all the queen cells there are in the

hive. For these reasons I now wait until

the morning of the eighth day after a

prime swarm has issued, when I open the





hive, take out the first frame and hastily'

glance it over for nearly ripe (lLlOt-il cells. ,





if none. are found I shake most of the

hces off. near the entrance of the hive,

into which they will immediately run.





Then the frame is closely inspected for;

queen cells, peering into every nook and"





corner for them, for, should some small.

crooked one be missed, swarming would

surely result. All cells are cut off after

a frame has been shaken to rid it of bees.

for this shaking of the young queens in

their cells is likely to cause them to be

deformed, if not killed outright.



The next frame is treated in the same

way unless ripe cells are found, in which

case it is set outside of the hive await-





ing the finding of a cell from which that





queen has hatched, when all are cut off.

Should none have hatchcd, then the best,

one of the ripe cells on the frame set out

is saved and put bar-l: into the hive. In

this way we can make SUN: that no after-

swarm will issue from this hlvv, and it

is the only certain plan that i know of.

Of course, any rnanlpululllm or :1 colony

of bees must. be dom: :11 the pmpw time

and in the proper manner to sacrum the

desired results, which means that the





successful bee-keeper is mm who huu‘





his eyes wide open all the 1mm, and 11mm

and appreciates what. is going on in his

apiary from day to 11:111. and, from what

he sees and from what he: reads, is pre-

pared to take advantage of rrfrorumsmnces.

I-am convinced that bee-keeping in not

only the most complex, but one of the

most interesting of all rural pursuits.

New Jersey. F. G. HERMAN.





 





It: has a rough surface

of real mineral matter

on the weather side.

It. is evident to anyone

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surface than it. is neces-

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Stone needs no

point; neither does

Amatite. It. is strong

enough' in itself to bear

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Wind and sun without. a

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To paint. Amatite

would be a waste of

him ande trouble.



Amatite will last, for

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w premium or 111





éfl"si‘”1ri€”1t‘”«'tr..wi w.-





 





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Free Sample on request to nearest office.

0

Creonond mega-gym,"

Sprayed on cows it. keeps away flies, and makes

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To keep the poultry house in good condition.

spray regularly with monoid. It eradicates lice.

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Everiet Elastic Paint





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New York, Chica go, Philadelphia. Boston.





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Silver Plated Milking Tubes.





 





 





self-retaining. Prices, 2%- inch, 250: 3-

inch, 30c, 31/2-inch, 350. Send orders to

‘The Michigan Farmer, Detroit, Mich.





Hard Rubber Teal Plugs





 





 





For hard-milking cows or leaky teats.

Prevents leakage where teat opening is

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Send orders to





THE MICHIGAN. FARMER, Detroit, Mich.





“ EGGMAKERS ”_§1ngsl3.1r2°e;§silfigh$rn1%04§9i5

“'M. J. COOPER, Mt. Pleasant, Michigan.





—Rose or single comb cock-

While leghomsk erels. RostNI t‘o1lnh eggs $1 to $2

per 151. Buy Graham. R. F. .If‘lint" Mich.





 





 





 





B P Rocks R. I. Redsw anndottesand .

Leghorn eggs) for sale. 15f or $1: 26 for $1. .10 50 for

”LON C. LlLLlE, Coopersville, Mich.





l

‘LILLIE FARHSTEAD POULTRY





 





I P:(I(IS' }(1(18.E(1GS~—“hlt8 & Bufl' Or ington



“bite «it Barred Roe ks, Blatk A: White Nfinorcas

“bite & Buff Leghorns. Rose & Single Comb Reds,

lloudaus 1‘11“]11totresed Blk Polish. H. H. King, Willis, Mich.





 





HOROU GHBRED S. C. BROW N LEGHORN E

t$1.l0f ier 15 or $5.00 per 100. Stock 1111111338

LE“! IS ".1 U PFNLANDER. R No. 4, Lansing, LiicLl





 





E s—Light Brahma, W'hite Wyandotte and Barred

Egg ltocks. a so fling, $1 for two settings.

BISHOP. Route 38 aka Odessa, Michigan.





; ll. 0. ll. lcghtrn Cockerelsxlfigl‘; $113,119,519 he“





E

in season. .WAITE, Gobleville, Michigaifigfi





SINGLE 00MB BLAllll “Mlflflflcl323.f8.“."‘°ar2‘? egg,





$1. 50 pct setting. MILLS. Saline, Yllithigan.





HATER. GOLDEN and WHITE WYANDOTTES.

Eggs ‘1. 50 per 15; $2. 510 per 30. A few White Roosters

left, circular free. 0. Vi. Browning, Portland, Mich.





FOR SAL 1. danda 0. Rhode Island

'2 ... 100M :5 BULLffilnll‘ifis 1113:30031'1'1015‘1’1'

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, 11 1

~ my... A.FRANKLIN SMITH, 11113511911019.3113:





 





DOGS.





 





()W WRITE W. J. ROSS. Rocheate Ml h. 1‘

those beautiful sable and white and tricolorc 0011?;

Puppies. Finestb breeding. natural workers.





Iwflflrfin Hound Pu 3 All bred from the boat. of

' t 000

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ALWAYS lend.- the IICIIGAN rum

when 11011 are writing to advertisers. '





 





as well as weather proof. ,





For hard- milking cows or sore teats,-
JULY 15, 1911.





m





“LIVE STOCK





SECURING AND MAINTAINING PRO-

LIFICACY IN BREEDING STOCK.





   





 





YYYV





 





 





The value of the females in any herd

or flock depends largely on the number

of young they can produce and furnish

with a bountiful supply of nourishment.

This is true of the mare, the cow, the

sow and the ewe. It is a great disap-

pointment to a breeder of live stock to

grow and develop a promising lot of fe—

males and discover that they are not

regular breeders. The failure of many

men who go into stock breeding results

from a failure to appreciate some of the

dangerous influences which affect the

prolificacy of the females in their herds

and flocks. Successful breeders recognize

the necessity of selecting and mating an-

imals from healthy and vigorous parents.

Nature does her best to eliminate the

weak and unsound when her workings

are not interrupted by man.



Now man in his efforts to improve d0-

mestic animals through the selection of

breeding stock and better methods of

feeding has altered the natural habits

of the animals. By taking advantage of

some of nature’s laws of improvement

through a careful selection of breeding

animals he has seriously interrupted the

Workings of other equally important

laws. The law df origin, or the natural

mode of production (the genetic law of

selection) provides that the animals of

low prolificacy shall become fewer and

fewer in each successive generation until

in time the automatic increase in the

number of animals of high prolificacy

shall correct the tendency toward the

deterioration of the breeding powers of

the breed.



The chief aim of the breeders of live

stock has been to improve the form and

function of their live stock without de-

voting sufi'icient attention to securing and

maintaining a high degree of prolificacy

in the females from generation to gen-

eration. Too often the females do not

breed or become barren at an early age.

Some mares fail to breed regularly.

Many cows become useless because they

fail “to get with calf. Brood sows fre-

quently have small litters of pigs and

ewes will not mate with the ram at the

right season of the year.



Heredity plays an important part in

securing and maintaining a high degree

of prolificacy in the herd or flock. Nor is

this trait confined to the females alone.

Sires exert an equally potent influence in

establishing prolificacy in the breeding

herd, that is, from the heredity side of

the question. Sites and dams that pro—

duce regularly during their normal lives

are what every breeder should try to

have in his herd. He must recognize

the danger of introducing animals of low

prolificacy in his herd. For a short time

it may not be noticed, but after a few

generations the course downward‘ will be

so rapid that it will seriously injure the

breeding qualities of his stock.



Feed an Important Factor.



Improper breeding alone is not respon-

sible for deteriorating the prolficacy of

many herds and flocks. Feeding plays an

equally important part. Indeed, the two

are so closely interwove that it is diffi-

cult to say where one begins or the other

leaves off. Observant breeders have in

their mind’s eye the picture of the fe-

male that is most likely to breed regu-

larly and furnish her young with a boun-

tiful supply of nourishment. They are

also sure that the females have the de—

sired feminine traits and characteristics.

The ideal form of the female is not that

of an ideal male. One is strikingly fem-

inine and the other strikingly masculine.

This type is not the product of good

feeding so much as of selection and

heredity.



After a breeder has secured the ideal





, type of animals through years of careful





selection and breeding, the question of

securing and maintaining the prolificacy

of his stcok, so that he may secure the

greatest increase in numbers interests

every breeder and feeder. That the con-

dition of the female greatly influences

her powers of breeding is generally ac-

cepted by successful breeders of live

stock. Thus the feeding of the growing

young females and the mature females

when they are pregnant becomes a ques-

tion of paramount importance to his

highest success.



The low degree of fecundity among

breeding SOws grown on corn with little

else is common without regard to breed.

The longer that any herd or family of





THE MICHIGAN FARM-ER.





swine has been subjected to so one-sided

a food as corn, without other kinds of

food, the greater will be the loss of fe-

cundity. Not only is this much so with

hogs, but it is so with the other kinds of

live stock. Sows are not the only pro-

ducers of feeble young, but mares, cows

and ewes disappoint so many breeders

that this question of prolificacy is one

of vital importance to every breeder of

live stock. Many live stock breeders

secure satisfactory results by reducing

the amount of grain foods and utilizing

more succulent and bulky foods such as

grass, forage Crops and corn ensilage. A

similar treatment of sires will increase

the chances of success that only come in

full measure when both sires and dams

are in a healthy and vigorous breeding

condition.



This has an important bearing upon the

live stock problem, and chiefly upon the

female side, as on every farm there are

a dozen females to every male, and it is

particularly important that the effect of

food upon the females

The stallion, the ram the bin. and the

boar can be kept in good breeding con-

dition with a reasonable amount of food.

Females, on the other hand, must have

a generous ration to properly develop

their unborn offspring which they are.

carrying during the larger portion of the

year and providing them with nourish-

ment after birth. Mares are expected to

perform a lot of hard work on the farm,

and the dairy cow that cannot produce

6,000 pounds of milk during the year is

not considered to be of great value to

her owner. These requirements demand

an abundance of the proper varieties of

food, but they are not always met, es-

pecially when feeds are scarce and high

in price. Is it any wonder that breeders

have diiiiculty in maintaining a high de-

gree of prolificacy in their herds when

they do not give the females proper

foods? Lack of any suitable feed is as

frequent a source of feinalcs not breed-

ing as too much feed.



Many breeders and farmers hold the

fallacious belief that the females will

maintain greater prolificacy if they are

kept thin, and in case of failure after

keeping them in an emaciated condition

they go to the ridiculous extreme of

blaming their mismanagement upon the

wrong phases of the moon. They do not

know that the breeding powers or pro—

lificacy function is built up and made

healthy and vigorous by the food that

the animal eats. They perhaps have a

vague idea that meat, bone, milk and

wool are forms of digested and assimi-

lated food but they have never studied

sufficiently deep into the subject of ani-

mal nutrition and its relation to pro-

lificacy to realize that the breeding pow—

ers of the female depend upon the proper

amount and right combinations of food.





The mare, the cow, the sow‘ and the

ewe come in heat because it is their na-

ture to, but to make this function na-

tural, they must be fed generously and

well in order to maintain vigor of every

organ in their bodies. There is cause for

the coming in heat of females, for their

becoming pregnant and for the number

and health of the young produced. The

cause is prolificacy (sexual vitality)

which is due largely to inheritance, but

greatly modified by feeding. Even in the

case of inherited sexual vigor the in-

heritance has been more or less in-

fluenced by former methods of feeding.



This phase of animal breeding and

feeding is one of vital importance. Any

tendency toward a loss of prolificacy in

the herd or flock should be removed as

quickly as possible. In the selection of

both sires and dams special attention

should be devoted to selecting individuals

that come from families of the breed

that are noted for a high degree of pro-

liiicaey. In the feeding of the herd spe-

cial care and attention should be given

to utilizing such foods as are adapted

to the needs of the animals while, per-

forming the important functions of pro-

duction and reproduction.



New York. W, MILTON KELLY.



England has been buying nearly 98 per

cent of the Argentine meat production.

but other European countries are begin-

ning to buy, and a recent shipment from

that country to Genoa of 700 steers is

said to be the finest lot of cattle ever

exported. The average weight of the

steers was around 1,400 pounds.



Reports from most parts of the country

are that the spring pigs are numerous,

the “crop” being the largest in years.

and disease among them is extremely

rare. They are receiving usually the

best of care and are furnished all the

corn they can eat.



The western packing from March 1 to

latest advices amount to 9.385.000 hogs, a

gain of 2,645,000 hogs compared with the

packing for the same time last year.





 





 





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IN THE CHOICE OF A SILO





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A safe, speedy and

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gentiiives all Bunches from Horses or

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As A HUMAN REMEDY for Rheu-

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Every bottle of Cnu-tlc Balsam sold In

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SORB . R., liniment for mankind. For

trains Painful Knotted Swollen Veins, Milk Le ,





 





 





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THE Indiana and Ohio





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The pioneer and leader in live stock insurance.

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CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR. V. 8.





Advice through this department is free

to our subscribers. Each communication

writ ‘1'. Initials only will be published.

Many queries are answered that apply to

case in full; also name and address of

should state history and symptoms of the

the same ailments.

watched carefully you will probably find

the desired information in a reply that

has been made to some one else. When

reply by mail is requested, it becomes

private practice, and a fee of $1.00 must

accompany .the letter.





 





 





 





 





Two Months Old Pig is Troubled with

a Cough.——I have eight pigs two months

old that are troubled with a cough and

hard breathing. I bought five young pigs

at short time ago and one of them soon

choked to death. I opened him and

found larynx thickened and closed; the

glands of throat were also swollen. O. J.

0., Mancelona, Mich—Your pigs no doubt

die as the result of sore throat. .Give each

pig 3 grs. chlorate of potash, 3 drops fluid

extract belladonna in 1 02:. water as a.

gargle for throat twice a day. Also ap-

ply one part turpentine, one part aqua.

ammonia and four parts olive oil to

throat once a day. You should try to as-

certain the cause of this ailment and re-

move it. '



Heart Disease—Asthma—Have six-

year-old more that is unable to work dur—

ing warm weather. In May she was tak-

cn with short jerky breathing and. her

bowels do not act right; besides, her di-

gestion is not good. D. F. L., Fostoria,

B'Iichr-First of all. she should be fed n0

clover or musty. dusty. badly cured bulky

fodder. Feed her grain and grass. no dry

feed if it can be avoided. (,iive her one—

half ounce Fowler's solution and 1/2 dr.

powdered opium at a dose in damp feed

twice a day. if the heart action is fecble

give 1 dr. ground mix vomica at a dose

in feed three times a day.



Feeding an l'nbalanced ltation. l have

a pig three months old that sccms to

have lost the use of both hind lcgs. but

he seems to have a good appetite. t}. t}.

\\'., Moscow, Micli.-—lf your pig did not

meet with an injury, his ailment is the

rcsult of feeding an unbalanced ration.

'l‘liis pig having been fed altogether on

sweet skim-milk should have had some

limc water, oats. oil meal, tankage or

green food. Change his diet and be sure

to give some air—slaked lime or lime wat—

cr daily.



Stocking—“fire Cut.—-Have a five-year-

old mare that stocks in one hind leg. She

is much worse lately on account or" being

wounded by a barb wire cut. Exercise

seems to reduce swelling. H. H.. Free-

soi-I, Mich—Apply equal parts boric acid,

oxide 'of zinc and powdered alum to

wound twice a day. covering the sore

lightly with oakum and a cheesecloth

bandage. (live her a teaspoonful of pow-

dcrcd nitrate of potash at a dose in feed

two or three times a day until the kid—

neys act freely, then give medicine. as

often as necessary. External applica-

tions do not produce good results in

stocking as it is generally caused by oth-

cr ailments. _



Overcome by Heat—'1 have a yearling

colt that has been running in pasture

until July 2; she seemed to be affccted

by stinstroke, so our Vet. told us. She

can hardly stand or walk. but cats and

drinks well. l“. \\'., Bitely, Michs-ei'ci'y

likely a small blood vessel opened in

brain, causing some loss of power. (live

1 dr. bromide of potash and 1 dr. iodide

of potassium at a dose in water three

or four times a day. Her bowcls should

be kept open and light applications of

mustard and water made to spine three

timcs a Week.



Horses and Colts Cough. Two of my

horses have been troubled with a cough

for the past two weeks. but do not dis-

charge from nose. I also have two year-

ling colts troubled with a similar ail-

ment; however. tlicy have not come in

coutnct with m)! other two horses. F. C.

l{., Hemlock. Mich.~~.\lix together equal

parts powdcrcd licorice. ground ginger

and gcniian and give each horse and colt

two tnhlcspoonfnls at a dose in damp

l'ccd twice a day.



t‘hrcnic l.ymphangitis.——}lave a mare

that had a severe attack of lymphangitis

last March which left her in a rather bad

(‘iillilltlnl’h She seems dull and listless and

always hungry and frequently has a chill

during warm weather. Her coat will then

look rough and there are some little

lilotchcs on her, and I might add, one of

hind ankles is quite enlarged. H. 13..

Lucas. Mich—Give her 1 dr. iodide potas-

sium and a dessertspoonful of Fowler's

solrtion at a dose in feed two or three

timcs a day. if the blotches on her body

do not heal fairly quick, or if more of

them appear, break and discharge a

sticky lmid, then you had better have

your Yet. test her with mallein~this will

determine whether she has glanders or

iarcy.



l.eucorrhca»lrritation of Vagina—I

have a cow that was bred a short time

ago and a few days after service she

sccmed to urinate quite often and had

some vaginal discharge. I am inclined to

believe that the, hull must have been in

a diseased condition at time of service.

1). H.. M'uskcgon, Mich—I am unable to

tell whether the hull was in a diseased

condition or not and if he was the owner

perhaps did not know it. Dissolve 1 oz.

acetate of lead and 1/2 oz. tannic acid in

two gallons of clean tepid water and wash

out vagina once a day—using not less

than one quart at a time.



Nasal Catarrh—~—Overheated.——A short

time ago a new disease appeared in this

neighborhood, causing our hogs to dis-

charge from nose. cough some and walk

in a wobbly manner. Their hind parts

seem to be, most affected and their bow-





 





 





If this column is.





THE MICHIGAN FARMER. '4





els are costive. Nearly all the sick ones

refuse to eat or drink. They are running

on rape pasture, are fed corn and have

plenty of fresh water to drink. J. E. P.,

Dowagiac, Mich.——-I am inclined to be-

lieve that weather conditi ns have more

to do with your hogs sickness than any

other. Give each hog 2 or 3 ozs. of castor

oil or 2 ozs. of epsom salts at a dose

every eight hours until the bowels act

freely.’ Also give IO-grs. iodide potassium

and 15 grs. bromide of potash at a dose

three times a day. The head should be

kept cool and the hogs kept in a shaded

cool place during the hot weather and

kept in during the day.



Partial Loss of Power.—I have a very

peculiar circumstance with one litter of

my spring pigs. They appear to be af-

fected with paralysis in loins and hips,

but their appetite is real good. However,

they are not growing. They run on oat

and rape pasture. H. L. S., Allen, Mich.

——Feed your pigs some oats, air-slaked

is clean. Their ailment is the result of

an improper food and water supply. I

advise you to use disinfectants where

they sleep and in their wallow. Use cop-

peras, lime or any of the coal tar disin-

fectants that are regularly advertised in

this paper. Small doses of ground nux

vomica given in their feed will help them;

the dose for hogs is from 10 to 20 grains

and it should be given to them two or

three times a day.





LIVE STOCK NOTES.





 





Choice feeding calves are in demand

nearly everywhere. steer calves being

wanted for placing in feed lots. A prom-

inent' western stockman believes it will





not be very long before nearly all steer





calves will be taken off the cows and put

in the beef pens. to stay there until they

are fat beef yearlings ready to market.



Light pigs are hard to sell in the mar—

kets of the country. stagging being dan-

gerous in hot weather. Meanwhile light

stags are selling at a big premium.



The bottom has dropped out of the bull

market, and killers of all kinds have

undergone a. great decline in prices in

recent weeks.



\i'. H. Young. a farmer and stockman

of lndiana, marketethi recently at Chi-

cago 19 head of yearling cattle at $6.25

pcr 100 pounds. consisting of 12 heifers

and seven steers. the lot averaging but

781 pounds. They were grade Herefords

ot‘ his own raising and feeding. “Al-

though it is not infrequently claimed that.

cattle cannot be profitably raised on land

costini.r $100 and higher per acre, I was

well repaid for the care and keep of these

cattle." said Mr. Young. “They did not

lose one pound of their calf fat. At no

time werc they allowed to get hungry.

They \vcrc dropped in April and May.

1910, and wci-c weaned in October and

November last. Their first ration con-

sisted of ground corn. oats and oil meal,

given just enough of these feeds to be

cleaned up nicely. They were fed on

this material about two months. Then

the ration was changed to shelled corn.

corn fodder and timothy hay until the

latter part of April. when they were fed

shollcd corn and grass. if they had had

silage with clover hay they would have

weighed at least 100 lbs. more than they

dit."



Fine opporttmities are afforded at the

prcscnt time for farmers who are dis-

post-(l to go into breeding sheep. for the

market, as choice breeding yearling ewes

an» ol‘l‘cred in the Chicago market for

“10014.50 per 100 lbs. Just such lots

cost a year ago $6.50@6.60. It does not

seem that men who understand the sheel‘

business can go wrong in buying good

breeders at such figures. Range breeders

are highly regarded by many experienced

shccpmen. as they are hardier than na-

tivcs. but: some sheopmcn will have noth—

ing but natives. Sheepmen have not

made much money as a rule the past

year, yet those who are experienced and

have marketed fat stock have in numer-

ous instances made the business pay. As

is generally known. the popular taste is

for lambs. and matured sheep and heavy

lambs are discriminated against strong-

ly. Big English mutton chops have

never become popular in this country and

have but a limitcd sale.



The newest thing in the live stock

market is the starting of a skunk farm

in Kansas. two Crawford county men

having been authorized by the state fish

and game warden to keep five hundred

skunks and to dispose of them as they

see fit. This is the first enterprise of

its kind in Kansas, and skunk hides are

expected to bring $3.50 each, that being

the market price, while an Oil extracted

from the body sells extremely high.



Farmers whose pastures are in good

condition should hold on to their cattle

until they are in good marketable shape.

Cattle that are on good grass will make

cheap gains in wcight, and owners whose

pastures have dried up during the long

spell of dry weather are unfortunate, as

they are forced to sacrifice their stock

prematurely, losing thereby future gains

in flesh.



There. has been a great fall in prices

for stocker and feeder cattle offered in

the Chicago market in recent weeks.

Selected 900 to 1,100-lb. feeders that were

better in grading than the $5.65@5.85

feeders sold a few weeks ago have been

bringing 356175.35 per 100 pounds. Good

800 to LOW—lb. feeders have sold at $4.65

((04.00, and medium to good 560 to 700-

1b. stockers went at $4.50@4.75, showing

reductions of $1. from the closing figures

of May. Light stockers at 8.5061737?»

were of the class that brought $4.85@5.15

a month earlier, while stock heifers at

age/345 would have sold as killers at

54-1-9 and upwards three weeks earlier.

th“ ashmgton Sheepmen state that while

Pere is an average lamb “crop.” the

lacific coast requirements will take a

aalllge part of the sheep and lambs avail-

f e. The forest reserves are used largely

or summer grazing.





Sim Lodgodfirain





 





Harvesters

Equipped with





Champion Grain Guards





do work no others can do. They lift lodged grain

no matter if it lay flat on the nu . so it may

be out the same as standing. Cut. all around 'our

field: save half your time and all your grain. ado

of steel, li t but strong. Endorsed by agricultural

colleges: ention Michigan Farmer and we will ship

nsible parties on_flve days‘ free trial. If not

satisfactory return at our expense and money. when

aid. will be refunded. Give make of machine.

so one on every other sickle finger. Price. 600 each.





CHAMPION GRAIN GUARD 00.,

3064 Indiana Avenue, CHICAGO.





splendid 'dairy cows. many 0





JULY 15, 1911.





.

LlLLlh FARMSTEAD JERSEYS.

m” ””11le Signal St. L. No. 58197.

Jubilee‘s Foxlnll. No. 83299.

Bull calves sired by theee‘great bulls. sndoul: of

f em in test for register

of merit. Mac a few heifers and heifer calves for

sale. Write for description and prices. Satisfaction





amnieed or money relun ed.

comiv c. 1.111.111. Cooper-vine. Michigan.





DAIRY SHORTHORNS





of the Best Milking Families.

All milk weighed and records kept.

W. W. KNAPP. R. I). 4, Watervllot. Michigan.





REGISTERED JERSEYS For Sale—80. me oombin.

_ in: the blood of St Louis and Chicago World‘s

Fair Champions by HERMAN HARMS. Reese. Mich.





SHEEP.





Oxiord-Doinm Sheep “32.333“

cattle for sale. J. A. D] GABMO. Muir. Mich.





 





 





-—Good Yearling Field





OXfOI’ll Down SM and ewes of all ages





for sale. I. B. WATEBBURY. Highland. Michigan.





 





Set Your Fence Posts





35 to 40 Feet Apart.





saving half the post expense, and

still have a Monger. more there

ly stool: proof fence, it you use





P. & B. Fence Anchor





Simple. ohea easy tonse. No digginc

required. Holds in any soil. Absolutely





 

 

 

 

 

 





keeps hop from going under wire



mm 9.332%“ “.23:°:m“°“ii§ihiz°ll

your



'“l'd forming ground connection. y





FREE Special driving tool with order for no



or more. Ask your dealer or write today



H. C. WHITNEY A 00., "loll. Slate Agents.

31 Home Bank Bldg. Detroit Mich.



.7. :1. ram. .2 330.. solo no... sex m. humus, o.





 





 





 





' —I have!!!) wee. the

Rex. Rambouillets .n or my yiungxi‘i‘i‘. be:

also 5 ewe and ram lambs. Live 2% miles east of

Mon-loo on G. '1‘. Road. Address J. Q. A. COOK.





H065.





' —Growthy S rin Boars i! Gilts

names & Victor“: 0! choicestg i from Prize

Winners. M. '1‘. STORY. B. 248. Lowe! . Michigan.

BERKSHIRE PIGS combining the blood of the



_ . Masterpiece and Premier

Lopg’fellow families-«ma world's best breeding

Price 31:). C. D. “'OODBURY. Lansing. Michigan.





 





 





 





 





 





Bmhlm—T‘m- gllts bred to the wonderful Duke

Pontiac Chief. to furrow in April or May.

No better breeding. C. 8. Bartlett. Pontiac. Mich.





 





 





PIGS FOR SALE.





I keep about 2400 cholera proof brood

sows and am selling fine grade





Yorkshire, Poland-China, Duroe and

Tamworth Weaned Pigs at $3 each.





ALVAH BROWN'S PIG FARM,

GRAND RAPIDS. , . MICH.





BEG. PEHGHEROIS for SALE’L’X‘l‘mfi’fio‘ih‘?





both greys. M. A.lBRAY.Okemos, (Ingham 00..) Mich.





' ' ' new old enough to shi .

Bcaulllul COIIW‘PWPN sired by the remarkab y

intelligent dog Dick W," No. l4. Dam. “Lady'of

the LukelI." No. 93.531. also a beautiful and intelli-

gent Collie. Low prices to uick buyers. and’they

“.m warranted to please. Also t e handsome 4-year-old

blip/FLAND STALLION, Cor ral W. No. 7%.

lie is a sorreb and white. and wilfie a prize to the

one who gets him. Edson W'oodman. Paw Paw. Mich.





 





 





BEBKSHIBES‘ifi’afi‘l‘mt.“tieé’él‘h‘mi’iit‘fi

passed. Price $15. 0. C. COREY, New Haven. Mich.





 





TWO Berkshire Gilts. sired by Handsome Prince 3.

Bbred for Aug..furrowing. will sell at $40 A 346 also





a few spring pigs left. A. A. PATTLLUO, Deckerville. Mich. .





 





DAMS BROS. Litchileld. Mich.. breeders of lmp. Chester

White and Tamworth swine. service boars. sows brad or

open. of either breed. Shorthorn Cattle, Buff Rock. Buff Wynn.





——Bred gilts. m les l hi f

0- l. c- SWTIIC 150 to 5011):. Phi: a: Elm;

right. Geo. P. Andrews. Dansville. lngham 00.. Mic .





 





 





o I C ——March igs with quality and best pedi-

0 - ' grees. rder now and get first choice.

C. J. THODIPSON. Rockford, Michigan.





’ —Best quality. large growth

9.2.!- 55.91.3531”. "“1; “i": ice

. . ' )ret gins. c nice 00 - '. ll

ages. ()TTU B. SCHULZE. Nashville. Maichllgn?





[CHESTER WHITE stiller iii:

fitti??fi..?§..“'°“ll. avian? can: at”





 





 





 





JEROME. MICH.—I.lve

A. . WILCO a Stock and Real Estate

AUC IONEER. Write for terms and dates.





BREEDERS’ DIRECTORY.

CATTLE.





ABERDEEN=ANGUS.





Herd. consisting of Trojan Ericas. Blackbirds and

Prides. only. is headed by rton W. a. Trojan Erica.

by Black “oodlawn. sire of t 9 Grand Chain ion steer

and‘bull hat the International in Chicago. 90.. 1910

He is assisted by Undiilzita Blackbird Ito.



WOODCOTE STOCK FARM. Ionia. Mich.





BULL CALF Drowned F...

’ , 23. 1911 .



solid-dam Ruth Merrdl mam—4am. cow on grass—.

neversgpes dry. Sire. Golden Lad Prancer 79151.

Price ‘ non cars at Dundee. Mich. This bull as good

as I paid liiilor at. ()xfordsville. Wis. F. C. Suvlos of

Paiitucket. ll. l.——lionie of old Marjoram: DriWest-

litko ol Hillsidiile. N.Y.. one hundred and fifty dollars

each for. B. E. BULLWK. Samaria, Michigan.





GUERNSEY BULL CAM" lifefiip‘é'dfl‘fififififlliig





Z). 1910. ALLAN KELSEY. Lukeview. Michigan.





30 As Choice Holstein flows





as you willlind anywhere in Ohio or Mi '



hope to sell 15 before Alfalfa haying timechvgtlll‘carli

have your choice of one rt 15. A few good bulls and

bull czili'cs. L. E. CONNELL. Fayette. Olilo.





TOP NOTCH HOLSTEINS





.T9P Rotch registered youn Holst ' B -

ginning anhtheniseltvfs the bloogd of ($38 will; 035w

o an_ ave in e asthldVl' '



milk and butter fat. atpfair pgices. orld 5 Records for





McPHERSON FARMS cot. Howell. Fitch.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





—Handsomo thorou hbred 10 th. 1-

For sale stein bull. bucke by heartygllxxi‘liggg

families. An excellent. individual aha bargain for an

early sale. ROUGEMUNT FARMS. Detroit. Mich.





Holstein Friesiaii Churn” CAIN“

MY Mercedes. W. B. JONES. ()akGéggggll‘Eiglfiiggg:

HOLSTEIll-FlllEsull “mend 1).... Jersey swim

a c... E. 1:. contilic‘iarzr‘alargifi-





 





 





 





()LSTEIN BULLS—1 with a eon; Dam' 'A nd

one at. a low figure. Sever: 1 fi - . ' ' gra

LONG BEACH FARM. Augustli. fim§32&133?fil§il





 





()lt SALE—~Holstoin Bull 2 4., .

i Calves 6 months to 1 year SfflDttiaamflnggttl-heiffzgg

Slollto Salli. 5)ldcst herd in Ind. Send for Photos and

Pedigrees. Vi . C. Jackson. 715 ltex St. South Bend. Ind.





--B

H E R E F0 R Ds faithsaslgfes zine?) flj’glzggs-





China hogs. ALLEN BROS. Paw Paw. Mich.





JERS

BUTTER BRED mfiYsi'i'i‘l‘E‘l‘s





CRYSTAL SPRING STOCK FARM.

Silver Creek. Allegan County, Michigan.





Ollic or]

Register of Merit Jerseys. we}. 1%.;

lot. of youn bulls from dams with ofloial records

of 483 gum in and u wards of butter.

. F. MARSTEON. Bay City. Michigan.





JERSEY BU”. _nmrié%mniiiu $333322?

Prices right. w. E. SHELDON, Litchggld. Mich.

JERSEYS F0“ SALEifidfimigzh 33.36.1153]?





bred. A. NEWMAN, R. No. 1. Max-lotto. Michigan





FOR SALE‘Ffi'. fifikfl’i‘il‘i





 





 





 





 





producing stock. 0. A. BRISTOL, Fenton. Michigan.





 





0 l 0'8 Bred sows all sold. 98 choice Mar. At A ril

. I - ' iii-rowed pi s eithersex pairs not. akin .

in buyers name. Fred ickel. R. No. 1. Monroe. Mi .





2.1. C. Marchfigs'and. Sows firing?

- ”W





W. CLARK. R. I". D. 4. Brighton.





 





a ——All 25 ~ . ”Y

o. i. c s. .0..;rs. urges melts





time $22 to $30. H. 11 JUMP. Munith.. Miohifin.





 





-Clioice registered 'pi R t 15 '

.0- II Q. old. from World's ‘lf'lair (l’i’ini'iveggks

Glenwood Stock Farm. Zeelnnd. Mich. (Phone 91.)





 





0. I. ll. Choices rin Pi 3 °“-"°' 3“" PM" m“

get first choice. Al? iggs sh? ’elllgliua 31:39:13 223 fig);





roe HARRY '1'. SEAND ‘ CASS CITY. MIC





—-My herd is chie ’

O. I. C. SWINE dam... of u... R033,

strain both males and females. Get my price before

you buy. Vi lll‘ register free of charge in purchaser‘s

name. A. J. (xUltDEN. ii. No. a Dorr. Michigan. ‘





D Lil? 9.5? it...“

DUROC-JsRs-Evsr

. . . listings. like igan.

punocs—sgmrsmti , 33.1%.?

31%?“32‘ at? “sLSersurcicfiiiisi





 





 





ARCE TXPE P. 0. La in Mich. S



pigs weigh 50 to 300 be: Sired by .23." $251.

boars and from largest.r sows in State. Come and see

and be convinced. Vt. 111. Livingston. Purina, Mich





I —P. C. Boers ready for e .- .

Barga'ns boar pigs. Prize whinging [Ariel-i212

& Embdon Geese. Z. K NE. Three ‘("aks. Mich.





POLAND-CHINAS—g 00k i ng





spring pigs. woon & SONS. Saline. Mlgl‘illlagais t





5 ring Pigs Scyther sex. Fall sows

l: ~ ‘ '

L, l}, 3...... . s... Eminence; liar





 





I PAY THE EXPRESS 0“ l)UROC JERSEY

Pigs. JOHN H. BANGHAR’eragngigf‘ll’iOt-ldzagfm





Three Exlra Good Fall P. ll. Roars-





By Next In Line 3" sprin m'il '



. . , - - , _ . e 1 ~ . '



I. ship 0. (l. D. and l'lll‘nlfil podigll'og: 22:1"; tag“?!

you want. good as the best. write me for price: y.





W“. WAFFLE, Goldwater, Michigan.





utler‘s Famous \Vondem ' ‘ ‘

B .without a peer. combining:1 11.25;“ Egkgld’chllpzl'

Eon?! headqluarters for everything in'Polanli- ‘liaixlm‘

R: 'stmifgg' imodvsows. weanling pigs, always for la.

a! e 39136) Bulls ofull ages for sale. our :03;





are low. J. C. Butler. Portland. Mich. Bell P one





16 TYPE POLAND .

B earli'I spring pigs. (g'IHYARmAggséqasllsomfall all):

OBLRT NEVE. Pierson. ‘Miéhigg‘n. '





FOR Sékgflg’igfi’ IYflORKSHIRE PIGS.

iiiiiiiiii-iliiiiiiiii' co..°°i'iii°°iiillii, iiicii.





Lillie Farmstead Yorkshires*H°""'°“

gaggigge hloBd predominates M

ars. airs and tries. . ‘

fizw?:gowA firilfi it: o: sli‘prilrlgtli‘iléan‘ (gig? to:



. e '

guaranteed. COLON CésLlflfiIOE eooomgén‘giitigffi' n

r . ’ .





Please nestles the Mich] r."

on are writing to “mortise”: h I“!
,.

.o





 





swig





 





 





 





 





 





JULY 15, 1911.





Fill gou‘gtSih first





We want to prove to you that our machines

are a good investment before you give up

your money. We know they are so good that

we do not feel it erisk to

make this offer. Just tell

us your needs.





1





THE DAIRY





AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAIA"‘





CONDUCTED BY COLON C. LILLIE.





 





_YYYV





   





 





 

   

   





 





 

 





FARM AND DAIRY BUTTER NOT

EXEMPTED.

{All Butter Liable to Tax if Containing

i ' Excessive Moisture.



That all dairy butter, and even so-

called farm butter, if the farmer is en-

gaged primarily in making butter, is lia—

ble to the internal revenue tax of ten

cents per pouiid‘if it contains 16 per cent

or more of moisture, is the gist of a re-

cent decision of the Commissioner of In—

ternal Revenue, which clears away the

misunderstanding that arose when F. N.

Grange, published a statement alleging

that the commissioner told him that farm

and dairy butter were exempt from the

law.





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

   





S SILOFILLINO

MACHINERY

halo] years'experience behind it—more experience

than any other machinery of its kind made. it has

thousands of en husiastic owners in every dairy and

intensive farming district in the U. S. ltis not only





FULLY GUARANTEED





to be free from defects at all times but also to be





 

   

   

   

   





the strongest, most durable and modern of any- The decision is very explicit. “Under

manufactured. Our ofi’er will help you to defer- ' ' . ‘

niinethis before you buy. Askan expert's adviceit present construction and interpretation 0t





 

 

 





you care to.

Our large free catalog shows our complete line.

Write for it.





E. W. ROSS 00.301 14 Springflold. Ohlo

We also manufacture the Ron Silo





   





this law,” says the commissioner, ‘a

farmer who makes a small quantity of

butter and sells the surplus over family

requirements incidental to his occupa—

tion as a farmer is not deemed to be a.

manufacturer—and no liabilities are in-

curred by the farmer——or dealer who re—

ceives and disposes of it in its original

form. However, this exemption does not

apply to any person who manufactures

butter as a business, and if the farmer

is engaged primarily in producing butter

as a business and not as a mere incident

to his farming operations, he would be

liable to all the provisions of the law

which would also extend to the merchant

handling the butter if it contained 16 per

cent or more of water."



It seems from this that the pivotal

point is whether or not butter-making on

the farm is engaged in as a business; and

that when such is the case, the farm

then is considered a dairy and its pro-

duct becomes liable to the moisture tax.



Permitting farmers to sell their surplus

butter without incurring liability even

though it is “often loaded with water”

seems to be showing partiality. Cases

may arise where the output of a. small

dairy is not equal to the surplus butter

made on the adjoining farm; yet. the

former would be amenable to the law and

the latter exempt.



Apparently, this provides an opportunity

for the farmers to practice fraud by

manipulating their surplus butter so as

to incorporate excessive quantities of

moisture; but as a matter of fact this is

not the case, as I will show hereinafter.



In the misleading article published by

IvIr. Godfrey, he says:



“The commissioner stated that they

had never found a case here farm-made

butter exceeded 16 per cent moisture;

that such butter usually contained from

11 to 13 per cent."



In the decision just rendered, the com-

missioner quotes and approves the fol-

lowing: “It is well understood that butter

produced on the farm is often loaded with

. water."



These two official statements are ap-

parently contradictory; yet they are not.

Butter made on the farm in the usual

way will not contain over 14 per cent

water; farm butter made with modern

machinery and by methods of mechanical

manipulation that cause butter to absorb

moisture is “often loaded with water.”

Hence when a farmer is found to have

made butter to any extent by this com-

plicated method he is considered as being

in the business; his plant is classed as a.

dairy, and his product becomes liable to

the tax. Therefore, since it is impossible

to make butter that contains over 16 per

cent moisture without such machinery

and methods, then inversely, any butter

‘that contains 16 per cent or more of

moisture must have been made at a

plant, whether farm or dairy, Where but-

ter-making is engaged in as a business

per se. This renders all butter liable to

the tax if it contains excessive moisture.



For this reason, the farmer who adopts

some method of “loading" his surplus

butter with moisture will find that he

cannot evade the law in that manner;

the moment he attempts to increase his

profits in that questionable manner he

becomes “engaged in the business” and

is liable to the penalty of the statutes.



Farmers who make a small quantity of

butter in the usual way and sell the sur-

plus over family requirements have never

been molested by federal officers. Many

. Ismall dairies have been fined for violat-

iing the moisture law, however.



It is stated authoritatively, that the

ifarmers never attracted the attention of

MENTION i111]; fimé‘gfiggfi‘fifh” W!“- lthe federal sleuths until many enterpris-





   

   

 

 





 





 





WW

II





/



’ h 1 i1



.2...” as: g

%





0 good work under all conditions. /

PAPEC ENSILAGE /



PNEUMATIC CUTTER /

é Cuts and elevates silage with less g





g power than any other cutter. Easy





no





to set up and operate; no wood to



twist and warp; elevates over 50 feet %



without clogging. Write for booklet,



“How to Prepare Ensilage,” FREE. /



PAPEG MACHINE 00.. Box 50, Shorlsvllle. I. Y.

/ Dlstrlbutlng Points:



Toledo, Ohio, Columbia, Ohio.



Indianapolis, Indiana.





away/W

Cow-Ease





Kills Ticks.





KEEPS

F LIES OFF





Cattle and Horses

and allows cows to feed in peace, making

More Mill! and More Money for you.



‘clean. harmless liquid preparation. ap-

pliedwith a a rayer. Keeps cows in 300

condition an eaves five times its cost in

extra milk.





TRIAL OFFER





If your dealer cannot supply

you, send us his name and

. 5. and we will deliver

prepaid to your address l-Z

gallon can of COW-EASE,

9nd SPRAYER for apply-

ing. For West of Missouri

River and forCenn A. above

Trial Ouflefr, $li50. M

a s not on or one Back.

CARPENTER-MOE ON CO-





BOSTON , MASS.





 

 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





It is not fly\





ilhilr‘ l /

wisdom to





l ,, -



lll/ ’- " let your horses fight flies.\

, I, when they can be thoroughly pro-

tected with “PEER-HO" Fly Nets.

Not only is there danger in this lack of

protection, but it takes from the horses’



energy and strength. .

The "PEER-HO" line of Fly Nets is the

i largest in the United States. We will send

you our illustrated price list and also to

your dealer, if he does not carry them.





PlERSON & HO

DETROIT. "

MICH.





 

 

 

 

 





 





   

 

 





 





 





 

 





$33821. BLlllARD





Sold on merit backed by 38 years' success.

* Proved strongest, most durable, smoothest

running. Cute green or dry feed and ele-

vates any height. Knives adjustable at

anytime. Perfected construction through-

' 3.0., out. Mounted or unmounted. Ask

or free bopk, "Why Silage Paya "





 

   

   

 





 





 





Joe. Dick Mfg. Co.

1489W.Tucanwu 5!.

Canton, Ohio





 





 

 





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





ing agriculturists purchased those ma-

chines "by which a simple twist of the

wrist makes a pound of butter and a pint

of milk into two pounds of fresh creamery

butter.” The revenue department prompt-

ly declared such butter to be adulterated

and gave orders to prosecute both the

butter-maker and the dealer. This re-

sulted in dealers demanding a guarantee

that the butter did not contain 16 per

cent moisture, and it was this demand

that led the r‘armers’ Grange, through

Mr. Godfrey, to interview the commis—

sioner with the resultant misunderstand-

ing. The commissioner’s decision clears

the situation again. L. L. DEBRi}.





CONTROLLING THE "PER CENT OF

BUTTER-FAT lN CREAM.





 





\Vhether the producer of cream is sell-

ing his product or manufacturing butter

at home, he should be interested in the

test question. If he is making dairy but-

ter he should know what density of cream

is advisable. If he is selling cream he

should know whether or not he is getting

DI‘UDer returns from the buyer. In order

to learn this it is necessary to know how

to produce cream of uniform density,

what influences effect the test and what

remedy to apply.



The dairyman who is making butter

should aim to use cream testing about 30

per cent butter-fat, rather than lower.

The wide range in tests of different lots

of cream, separated under conditions that

are apparently the same, is the cause of

much confusion and dissatisfaction on the

part of cream sellers, and it often tends

to destroy confidence with those who are

unacquainted with the many causes for

these variations.



Cream is a mixture of butter-fat and

milk. As the amount of milk is increased

the percentage of butter-fat, or the test,

grows less, and vice versa. It is a mis-

take to suppose that the hand separator

can be so adjusted as to obtain cream

of the same density from all kinds of

milk. The cream screw is set to allow a

certain percentage of. milk to go through,

and the test of the cream will be higher

from rich milk than from milk of poorer

quality. Experiments have demonstrated

that the temperature of the milk may

cause a variation of as high as five per

cent in the cream test.



The milk ought to be run through the

separator just as soon as it is drawn from

the cow. At this time the temperature

of the milk is most favorable for good

separation. Variation in speed of the

machine will cause. a greater variation in

the test than anything else, except, of

course, changing the cream screw. The

handle of the separator should be turned

the required number of times per minute,

unless it has been found that a higher

rate is llct‘csstll'y than that established

by the manufacturer of the machine; and

the speed should be as uniform as it is

possible to make it. If convenient, the

same person should turn the machine all

the time. The securing of uniform speed

is one of the great advantages of power

other than arm power. This should be

remembered by all uscrs of cream sepa-

rators.



The vibration of the bowl caused by

quick starting. unsteady foundation, bent

spindle and various other defects, also

makes a wide variation in tests. Special

attention should be directed toward hav-

ing the machine perfectly level and

everything in good condition. The amount

of water used in flushing the bowl has its

effect upon the density of the cream. The

rate of inflow of the milk also contributes

its share.



There are so many causes that con—

tribute that it is impossible to gain uni~

formity under average conditions, but

the man who understands what these

causes are can usually determine wheth—

er a wide difference in the tests reported

by the cream buyer has been caused by

some condition in the dairy or the anx-

iety of: the buyer to got rich quick.



Illinois. W. H. UNDERWOOD.





m y 43





 





FINALLY





A SHARPLES





Tubular Cream Separator

FOR YOU





Others have tried disk-filled and

cheap cream separators—and dis-

carded them for Tubulars. They

paid dearly to learn that disks are

not needed in a modern separator.

and that cheap separators lose their

cost in wasted cream the first year.

Why should you buy the same

expenswe experience ?



You will finally have a Tubular.

because Dairy Tubulars are later

than, different from and schrior to

r all others. No disks.



Tw1cc the skimming force

of others. Skim faster

andiwicc asclcan. Built

in the only known way

which overcomes the

many parts and. faults of

others._ Patented. Can-



not be imitated.

Whybotherwifh

any other when

you can fry the qualifv sepa-

rator—The World's Best——

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Write for

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No. 152





   





THE SHARPLES SEPARATOR C0.

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THE ma lAVAl SEPARATOH Ea.





i65-l87 BROADWAY,

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Alfalfa hay is becoming one of the im-

portant feeds for the dairy cow. Because

of its high per cent of protein the hay

deserves the popularity it is attaining as

it is much easier to mix it with the other

feeds grown upon the farm and secure

a ration such as the dairyman wants to

produce milk most economically. Besides

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ing in it the means of cutting down the

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ered, that has before him the hope of

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Keeps flies and all

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animals -— in burn or pas-

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Since 1885 by leading dairy-

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$1 worth saves $20.00





1 . ' ' ‘:'. . .' ‘ in milk and flesh on each

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Shoo-Fly Mfg. Co, Dept." 1310 N. 10d! St, Philetla.





Editor knows from experience that Shoo-Fly is 0. k.
44 '(8).

The Michigan Farmer





ESTABLISHED 1843.





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DETROIT, JULY 15. I9".





 





 





CURRENT COMMENT.





 





, . Our readers will remem-

Rural vs. City her the comments which





Taxation. appeared in our columns

on this subject during

the last legislative session, when the





railroads were threatening to contest the

payment of their tuxos on the grounds

that the farm property of the state was

under assessed, and when certain reprc~

sentatives in the legislature cxhihin-d

great anxiety for the passage of Some

remedial legislation. Since the close of





1,111e legislative session the same cry has





gone out from the centers of population

,in the state, and familiar voiccs have

,been heard to reiterate their arguments

in favor of the raising of country valua-

tions upon the allegation that farm valua-

tions are far below city valuations for

assessment purposes. The cause of this

commotion is the fact that the state

board of equalization meets this year for





g the purpose of equalizing the property of

3 the various counties of the state for the

{purpose of spreuding the state tax on the





? " assessment rolls.





The boards of com-

imerce of Detroit and Grand Rapids are

itaking an active interest in the matter,

and it is alleged upon good authority that

$30,000 has been raised in \N'ayne and

Kent counties for the purpose of urging

a general raising in assessment values in

the agricultural counties of the state.





It appears, however, that the less popu-

lous counties of the state will not sit idly

by and see their assessments raised with-

out a contest. Already the chairman of

the Muskegon county board of supervisors

has issued a general warning to the offi—

cials of the other counties, and a plan is

being developed by which it is hoped that

the balance of the state will be as ably

represented before the state board of

equalization as are the two most populous

counties of the state. Should the scheme

which originated with the railroads and





‘_ other corporate properties of the state

.f which are assessed at the average tax

~ rate, and which is now being furthered





‘be only the beginning of a





' matters.





by the big city interests, prove successful,

it is but fair to presume that it would

long fight,

since the time has passed when the agri-

cultural interests of the state would suf-

fer a permanent injustice in taxation

It took years of agitation to





Cf place the railroad and other corporate

' properties of the state on the same basis

as other property for purposes of taxa—





THE 'MICHIGAN FARMER.‘





tion, and the man or men who believe

that the old conditions can be revived by

the forcing of a. corresponding raise in

the valuation of farm properties will, we

believe, find themselves sadly in error.

The farmers of Michigan are not asking

to be favored as a class in taxation mat-

ters, nor do we believe they are so fav-

ored at the present' time. We expect

and believe that the agricultural 'sections

of the state will be able to cope with the

situation before the state board of equal-

ization, but should the other interests of

the state succeed in saddl'ing an undue

proportion of the burdens of taxation up-

on them, their representatives will cer-

tainly be heard from when the general

taxation problem comes up again, as it

is scheduled to do in the next legislative

session when the report of the special

commission appointed to study the prob-

lem in all its phases is Submitted.





Each year the spec-

Sell the Crops After ulative instinct of

they are Grown. the growers and

dealers in certain

farm crops are aroused before the crop

is well started towards maturity, and

often contracts are made for the delivery

of the product weeks and even months

before it is harvested. This is particu-

larly true with the potato crop, which is

an important cash crop in Michigan. Last

season those who contracted potatoes

early made a better sale than some of

their neighbors who waited for the crop

to mature before selling it, and this fact

may tend to stimulate the more general

following of this speculative practice this

season. In fact, we have been reliably

informed that some dealers have already

contracted for potatoes which are only

recently planted for delivery at a stated

price next fall. With this information at

hand we cannot refrain from sounding a.

word of warning to Michigan Farmer

1cadcrs against making such contracts

at the present time. In an interview giv-

cn out by Prof. N. C. Murray, acting

chief of the crop reporting board of the

Department of Agriculture, just after the

July crop report was made public, par-

ticular attention was called to the potato

situation. In this connection Prof. Mur-

ray said: “The potato crop promises to

be unusually short. The acreage has

fallen off, probably on account of unsat-

isfactory prices during last year, and the

condition of the crop now is lower than

at any time on July 1 in the last 22

years.” “'iih an official statement of

that kind to spur them on, and with gen-

erally unfavorable reports regarding the

early crop from all sections of the coun-

try, it is safe to say that speculative

dealers will be more anxious than usual

to contract the growing crop. It is gen-

crally an unsatisfactory method of sell—

ing, with the advantage clealy on the

side of the buyer in most cases, but this

is likely to be especially true in a season

when the crop prospects are as poor as

they are at this date. Of course, later

faVoruble weather conditions may ma-

terially change the situation, but from

the present prospect it would be the part

of wisdom to wait until the crop is har-

vcsicd before selling it, notwithstanding

the fact that the advantage was on the

side of those who sold for future delivery

last year. In fact, Speculative selling

has no proper place on the farm and the

man who follows the practice will lose

more often than he will gain thereby.





Recently a dairy farmer

was heard to say that

the shortage of pasture

which resulted from ‘the

severe June drought had caused him great

inconvenience and loss, but that in one

sense he was not sorry about it, since he

had definitely dccided to make plans for

a supply of silage and other supplement—

ary feeds which would make him more

independent of such conditions in the fu-

ture. Upon being asked if the lesson was

one which he had just learned, he replied

that it was not. He had known for a

long time that his plans should be amend-

ed in this particular, but that the present

situation has simply enforced his atten-

tion to the fact in a manner which had

aroused him to action. As with this man,

so it is with many another who is en-

gaged in farming. Our plans are gener-

ally made with a View to normal condi-

tions, but with farming the unexpected is

likely to happen at any time, since so

many of the conditions which surround

our business and upon which success

depends are beyond our personal control.

It is unavailing to deplore such untoward

conditions as may arise. It is far better

to look at the matter philosophically and

amend our plans so as to provide for any

abnormal condition which experience





Amending Our

Plans.





teaches us is likely to befencountered.

Plans are very essential to success on

the farm, but they must be of sufficient

flexibility to provide for every probable

contingency or they are likely to prove a





disappointment to their maker. Too many





farmers fail to profit by the lessons of

experience, and go on year after year as

they have been in the habit of doing,

without amending their plans in accord—

ance with their experience and the dem-

onstrated need of such action. There is

much food for profitable thought in the

expression above quoted. Let us take

stock of our plans in the light of the sea-

son’s experience each year to the end

that they may be amended in important

particulars,





The feature of absorbing

interest in the delibera-

tions of the senate on

the reciprocity bill dur-

ing the past week was the vote on the

Cummins amendments, which proposed

to put flour and cereal products, lumber,

agricultural implements and various oth-

er manufactures and raw materials on

the free list. The maximum vote in favor

of any of these amendments was 14, with

52 against. Both Michigan senators vot-

ed against these amendments. Senator

Smith declared himself against the tak-





Amendrnents to

Pact Fail.





'ing down of the tariff wall and admitting





from Canada free of duty these products

which should be manufactured in our

country, while Senator Townsend declared





himself in favor of tariff reductions only .‘





when they could be made scientifically as

based upon the investigations of the tar-

iff commission. Vi'ith those who are op-

posed to the measure and those who fa—

vor tariff reductions voting against

amendments which would appear to put

something of the element of fairness into

the bill from the standpoint of the Am-

erican farmers, who can see no reason

for retaining a duty on flour and letting

wheat in free, or for leaving a duty on

other manufactures and permitting the

raw material which is their finished pro-

duct to come in free, the ultimate defeat

of the pact seems more hopeless than

heretofore. From the present outlook,

it would seem that unless some unfore-

seen complications arise the bill will ulti—

mately be passed in practically its pres—

ent form, since with only 14 senators Vot-

ing for any of the Cummins amendments,

some of which at least were essentially

fair in comparison with the bill itself,

there would apear to be little hope of any

effective opposition to its present‘ por—

visions. HOWever, only time will tell

what ultimate disposition the senate will

make of the matter and the other prob—

lems affecting agriculture with which it

is confronted.





The drought which has



A Lesson From been felt with unusual

Dry Farming. severity in many sec—

tions of Michigan this



spring, makes the subject of dry farming

of more than ordinary interest to the

farmers of those sections. Dry farming,

as practiced in the semi—arid regions of

the west, means simply the conservation

of such moisture as falls in the form of

rain for the benefit of growing crops

through frequent and thorough culture.

The principle is the same as that of the

dust mulch which will conserve the mois-

ture in our cultivated crops in a dry sea-

son. In addition to this, those who prac-

tice dry farming are coming to have an

appreciation of the damage to crops

through the moisture consumed by weeds

which might well be shared by their

brothers who are so fortunate as to live

in a more humid region. A press bulletin

recently circulated by one of the experi-

ment stations in the semi arid region

states that one- -half pound of dried weeds

per square yard of Slirface takes up

enough moisture to reduce the yield of

wheat 20 bushels per acre and the yield

of corn 24 bushels per acre. This con-

clusion, which is the result'of experi-

mental investigation, should be as im-

pressive to the farmer in Michigan whose

crops are suffering from a lack of-mols-

ture, as to the farmer in the: semi-arid

regions of the country where a lack of

moisture is the normal condition. Yet

through the application of the knowledge

which experience has given them regard-

ing the conservation of soil moisture for

the benefit of the growing crops, the

farmers of this large section of the coun—

try have been able to grow maximum

crops of wheat and other cereals, as well

as good crops of potatoes and other staple

foodstuffs with a rainfall which is only

about half that which we get in Mich-

igan. There is a lesson worthy the at-

tention of every Michigan farmer in the

facts which these men have developed





JULY 15, 1911:"





and the results which they have achieved

by thus co-operatln-g with nature in the

growing of their crops.





In another column of

this issue appears a

list of Michigan fairs,

the season for which

will be at hand in a. few weeks. Vi’hile

the average reader will no doubt be a

patron of one or more of these fairs to

the extent of attending them, yet the pro-

portion of Michigan Farmer readers who

will make exhibits at them will be com—

paratively small. Indeed, it will be far

too small to make the fairs of the great—

est possible benefit to the communities

in which they are held and to the people

who attend them. The average man is

likely to reason that it is too much trou-

ble to make exhibits at local or general

fairs for the benefit of other attendants.

But the fact is that no other person re-

ceives so great a benefit from the making

of an exhibit at any fair as the person

who makes it. From the, very nature of

the case, most of those who do make ex-

hibits will find other exhibits in the same

department which are superior to their

own offering. This will give them an op-

portunity to study varieties and types





The Agricultural

Fair.





and will give them an incentive to make '





such a study, with the probable result

that next year they will have something

better to show. This process of improve-

ment is likely to go on thereafter in a.

regular progression, until not only their

‘show stuff" but the,regular product of

their farms will be of better average

quality. Try it out this fall and see if

this is not true.





HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.





National.





On July 29, 50 more postal savings

banks will be opened for the acceptance

of deposits.



New York city is asking the federal

government for $662,000 which it claims

was used in 1861 to equip soldiers for

the civil war.



The campaign for a safe and sane

Fourth was productive of fruit as the re-

ports show that but 24 persons are dead

and 881 injured compared with 131 dead

and 2,729 injured in 1910, and 466 dead

and 3,983 injured in 1903. Increased at-

tention was given to exercises that im-

pressed the significance of the day upon

the ’imeiican youth, which were, com-

bined with sports lacking the dangérOus

clement connected with the booming of

powerful explosives.



While no lives are known to have been

lost, the earthquake shock which dis-

turbed central California, Nevada and

Arizona last week, created panics in sev—

eral places, particularly in San Francisco.



The small amount of ice stored last

winter and the unusually warm weather

have caused alarming conditions to de-

vclop in many of our large cities. Already

reserve supplies are being drawn upon

and unless the capacities of the ice plants

are increased large centers of population

will be without ice during the month of

August. Already Cleveland and Toledo

are suffering. In the former city delivery

to residences has been abandoned and

thousands of dollars worth of food have

spoiled as the result.



Justice Frank A. Hooker of .the supreme

court of Michigan, fell dead while about;

to take a train home from Auburn, N.

Y. Justice Hooker was the oldest mem-

ber of the supreme bench of Michigan.

having served continuously since 1892. He

was born at Hartford, Conn, in‘1844.

“'as educated in his. native state, Ohio,

and at; the University of Michigan. Was

admitted to the bar in 1865 and began

practicing in Charlotte, Mich, the follow-

ing year. In 1878 he was appointed cir-

cuit judge for the fifth district.



The Elks are in convention at Atlantic

City, N. J., this week.



To supply the increased demand for

smaller denominations of paper money

the United States treasury department is

destrm mg all silve1 certificates of what—

ever denomination and reissuing only one

dollar bills.



Gov. Deneen, of Illinois, and Senator

Aldrich will be called upon the witness

stand in the hearing of the Lorimer elec—

tion case now being investigated for the

second time.



Fire broke out in the prison at Ionia

last week and destroyed property to the

value of $25, 000. No lives were lost and

it was unnecessary to release the prison-

ers, although it was feared when the

flames were at their highest that this

would have to be done.



Gen. W. H. leby, chief of the en-

gineers of the United States army, after

personal inspection of the battleship

Maine, will officially 1eport that the de-

struction of the vessel was due to the

explosion of three magazines inside the

vessel and was not the result of any out-

side explosion.



The Twenty~ fifth International Chris-

tian Endeavor Convention is in session

at Atlantic City, N. J.



The interstate commerce commission

has reduced the reconsignment rates oh

coal originating from points in Ohio and

censigned to Detroit to be sent to points

in Michigan, from three dollars to two

dollars This reduction ought to mate-

rially benefit the consumers of coal over

Michigan.





 





Foreign.





Changes in the land laws in Tuxtepec,

(Continued on page 51).
_——J_





——!E‘.





 





.4... u— .—





 





 





 





LITERATURE

POETRY

HISTORY an?

IN FORMATION





 





 





 





 





b1 ME I? WEEKLY





puaLIS





 





 

 





 





Z

a:

we

a:

E

5

.0

U3

(0

o

:l:

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5





We FARM BOY

an? GIRL

SCIENTIFIC an?

MECHANICAL





 





 





 





 





 





this Magazine Section forms a part of our paper twice a month. Every article is written especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere





GLlMPSES OF AN UNDER WORLD—BY LYDIA J. ma.





S a field for geological study, Prof.

Wright, the noted geologist, desig-

,nated the Lake Erie Islands as

“one of the most interesting on the

American continent,” forming as they do,

an important geological boundary. Up to

the close of a long and busy life, Prof.

“'right, accompanied by the scientific

classes under his tutelage, made annual

visits to Put-in-Bay and Kelly Islands

for investigating purposes.

According to scientific authority, Put-

in-Bay and adjacent isles comprise what

remains above the present lake level of





. a narrow upheaval known as the “Cin-





clnnati Anti-Clinal," which appeared

when all the rest of the United States

was yet under the ocean. A local up—

heaval in this ridge, centering at Put-in-

Bay, brought up a formation geologic-

ally lower and older than that of the

surrounding ridge known as “the water

line of the Niagara group.” The up-

heaval formed arches, and subsequent

settlings left chambered recesses. That

the substrata of l'ut—in-Bay, is literally

honeycombcd in this manner, by fissured

rocks, waterways, and caverns, is clearly

shown by surface outcroppings and in-

terior explorat.ons. These are frequently

found in blasting the lime rocks for cel-

lars, cisterns, and building foundations.



In one instance an opening in the

basement of an outhouse on one of these

islands leads the adventurer into a wide

chamber, and down a dangerously sharp

incline to a lake that serves also the

purpose of a well, water therefrom being

pumped to the surface through connect-

ing pipes. The well and the cave open-

ing are about 100 yards apart. In other

places cats and other small animals find

passage through mysterious subways, en-

tering by a creviced opening at one place

and emerging at another far distant from

the first. Most island caves contain lakes

and channels of water, icy cold,of spark-

ling clearness, and of great depth in

places. This water rises and falls with

the waters of Erie, according as the

wind is east or west. “‘ater in many

Put-in-Bay wells also maintains a level

with that of the lake, showing close sub-

terranean connection.



Original settlers of the island, in some

cases, built their dwellings conveniently





water supply have largely done away

with cave houses, they are occasionally

met with.



In early days, long before Put-in-Bay

had been thought of as the popular re-

sort which it has since become, many

adventurers found their way to its

shores. Charmed with the island’s pic—

turesque beauty, and mystified by the

peculiarity of its surface outcroppings,

they were not slow in unearthing a few

of its secrets. Supplied with picks,

spades, ropes and torches, they forced

entrance to mysterious passages and rock-

ribbed recesses, finding myriads of stal-

actites, massive stalagmites, spar, crys-





while his squadron lay at anchor in me

buy, a few days before the battle of

Lake Erie. Tradition says that two Brit-

ish oilicers, suspected of spying, were

imprisoned in the cave during that per-

iod. It was formerly the property of

ltivcria De San Jargo, a wealthy Span—

ish merchant, and exclusive owner—at

one time—of l’ut-in—Bay island; the

“Perry,” now belongs to an island resi—

dent. The cave is forty feet below the

surface. It is 200 feet long and 165 wide.

Though spanned by a single arch, the

main char ‘ would afford standing room

for 8,000 people.



lleavily encrusted with calcium car-





 





 





 





 





 





Stalactites in “Paradise”





tals, strontia, and other specimens. llu—

man bones, together with those of the

elk and deer were also found. Most of

the stalactites have since disappeared,

having been carried away by specimen

hunters and venders, the remaining stubs

showing where they once studded the

lime carbonated ceilings.



Persistent curiosity concerning these

underground formations shown by visit-

ors, finally induced its owner to turn





 





 





 





 





Rock-bound Entrance to One of the Caves. '





near caves from which they obtained

water in supply unfailing. These under-

ground recesses were also utilized as cel—

lars. The cave entrance was usually en-

closed by a small building, and a pump

connecting with pipes brought up water

from below. Though modern methods of





“Perry” cave into a money-making en-

terprise, by charging an admission fee.

This was back in the early “fiftiesz” the

cave was the largest and most interest—

ing one known at that time. Its discov-

ery, in 1813, is credited to no less a per-

sonage than Commodore Oliver H. Perry,





Cave on Put-in-Bay Island.





bonate, through the slow process of water

“holding this substance in solution——

dropping upon them from the ceiling, the

floors form an interesting study. This

natural paving—begun, perhaps, when

old Egypt was new, has been going for-

ward ever since. Possibly, by this same

process, a second crop of stalactites

may be produced in a few hundred or a

few thousand years, with the stubs of

those broken off as starting points. Huge





scene 1s weirdly beautiful. Here also is

Shown “XVishing \Vell," over sixty feet

deep. A side chamber of smaller size,

reached by a scramble up a rocky ascent,

is known as “Perry’s Bedroom.” The

presiding genius of this cavern is its

guide, who in the interest of science has

spent a considerable part of twenty-five

or thirty years under ground; and what

he does not know of cave-ology, you may

never hope to find out.





Like a passage of romance, sounds the

history of “Crystal” cave, running brief-

ly as follows: in 1882 a tourist, Lieut.

Vadador, on leave of absence from his post

in the German army, chanced to visit

Put—in—Bay. lie was learned and cul—

tured, and soon made the acquaintance

of the late Capt. John Brown, .lr.~son

of the, Harper’s Ferry martyr who per-

manently resided on the island. Mutually

interested in geological research, they to-

gether explored rocks and caves. The

stranger did some prosx'lccting alone also,

and finding, on the llcrbstcr property,

rich deposits of strontia, he leased the

grounds for a period of twenty-live

years, and opened up a w-in which ap—

peared to be about six l‘cct thick. A

large quantity of strontia, was taken out,

and the mining thus successfully begun

was expected to continue. but for some

reason Work was stopped. The mining

implements Were enclosed within a rude

structure built over the entrance. This

was securely locked, after which Vadado"

took his departure.





 





For a time the lease was regularly paid

by the holder, and occasional letters were

received from him by Capt. Brown. Then

the letters ceased, and for several years

the lease remained unpaid. The prop-

erty was finally sold, and as nothing

could be learned of Vadador. steps were

taken towards annulment of the lease.

The purchaser, who was a day laborer,

dreamed not of the fairy grotto lwneath

his land, nor of the fortune that it rep-

resented, until one day in drilling for a

well near the abandoned mine, the drill

struck into that which suggested a crev—

ice. In making investigation, the mine

entrance—closed for a period of fifteen

years—was broken open. Not only was

strontia found in paying quantity, but





 





 





 





 





 





Caverned Rocks Along the Shore Line.





the long—guarded door proved the open-

ing to “Crystal” cave—now the marvel

of scientists and the Mecca of sight-

seers. It is about thirty feet below the





stalagmites, said to have been thousands

of years in forming, also appear. Rack

under cleft and broken rocks, stretches

a lake of such clearness that at a depth

of fifteen feet pebbles may be distinctly

seen. A boat is anchored upon the lake.

and viewed in the brilliant lighting the





earth’s surface. Its arched chambers,

twenty feet in hight, form a complete

circuit, presenting at every point a. solid
46 <10)





mass of strontia crystals. Though dif-

fering in size, all are of uniform shape——

eight—sided. Some are of immense size

and weight. Viewed by the interior il-

luminations, the sparkle of each pris-

matic crystal may be compared to that

of the clearest cut diamond.



Lights thrust into creviced niches re-

veal corresponding depths of crystaline

purity and beauty. That certain of these

Jewelled passages lead to other chambers

-—which with the aid of a pick might be

made accessible—is an oft-expressed

opinion; but that would necessitate the

breaking and spoiling of crystals by

wholesale, and this the proprietor is loth

to do lest it prove a case of “killing the

goose that lays the golden egg.”



The “Dassa,” owned by heirs of Ri-

veria De San Jargo, shows a loftier

hight of ceiling and a greater depth of

descent than any other island cave. In

shape, it takes the form of a horseshoe,

though its side chambers and chaotic rock

masses impart variety, an eflect that be-

longs to no regular outline. Sixty-six

feet below the surface, and reached by

two flights of stairs, is found a lake

eighty feet long, forty feet wide, and of

such transparency that at a depth of





 





\





THE MICHIGAN. FARM’ERJ





sixteen feet, submerged stslagmites may

be clearly seen. The lake has a shore

of sand, and a rowboat floats upon its

surface." Precipitous rocks, ledges en-

crusted with calcium carbonate, and stal-

agmites of immense size, everywhere ap-

pear. Two lately discovered chambers on

opposite sides of the circular passage

through which, visitors are shown, are

the only portions that have not been

robbed by specimen hunters. Stalactites

hanging from lime carbonated ceilings

here show with novel effect. An occa-

sional glitter of strontia is also observ-

able. On emerging, the visitor finds him-

self at a long distance from the build-

ing through which he entered this inter-

esting part of an under-ground world.



Other caverns of an interesting char-

acter,, but not easily accessible, offer fur-

ther attraction to the adventurous, while,

at various points along the shore line

may be observed the effects of volcanic

action, and the honey-combing processes

following an after settling of the earth‘s

crust. Rock masses, broken and tumbled

together, appear; and. when wind trum-

pets pipe, waves—in tumultuous rush——

carry into their caverned bases 3. sound

as of muffled thunder.





 





 





‘An Entertaining Witness—By Chas. A. Hartley.





The three of them did business on a

short, stubby street, one end of which

backed up against the court house and

the nose of the other end projected into

the river, much like a thirsty horse going

down to 'drink. Bill Dillon was in the

hardware business, Sam Graves sold

drygoods, groceries and notions, and

George Mack was a leather dealer.



One morning as Mack pottered about

his yard 3 constable made his appear-

ance. He came up as one approaching

a rather ticklish subject. lie was not

sure that he was not the instrument

selected for a practical joke. lie knew

to a certainty, however, that the paper

he tightly clutched in his right hand bore

the stamp of genuinencss.



That morning Sam Graves had gone

before a justice of the peace and left a

bill for collection against Mack. He in-

sisted that the collection be made at once

and no foolishness. That was the bill

that the constable carried as he timidly

approached the man in the yard.



“Mr. Mack, I have here a bill for a

chicken which Mr. Graves charges that

your dog killed and that you carried

away," said the constable, eyeing Mack

sharply. He had been in the business

long enough not to claim that anything

was a fact. With him it was always





“alleged," “claimed," or “suspected.”

Mack turned on his heel with fire in

his eyes. “Says 1 stole his chicken, eh?"





he snorted. “The old horse thief. lle

ought to be in jail this minute himself.

Going around accusing honest people of

stealing his chickens. The very idea. Let

me see that paper,” reaching out with

every appearance of boiling wrath.



He adjusted his glasses and read it.

Then he threw it on the ground and

stamped on it. “Wants one dollar for a.

measly, little runt of a chicken that I

never saw unless it was to chase it out

of my garden. Says my dog jumped

over me fence and killed it while I stood

by and looked on Without so much as

raising my hand to prevent it, and he has

the hardihood to go on and say that I

then carried the said chicken home and

converted it to my own bodily use. Won-

der he doesn‘t give the pedigree of his

chicken in the bill of particulars, he is

so infernal free in details. Well, I can

tell you right here and now that I am

not going to pay the bill. I’ll go right

up and wring that old slanderer’s neck,”

starting off, having recovered the offend-

ing paper from the ground and waving

it up and down as he went.



“You forget, Mr. Mack, that if you as-

sault him you are committing a crime

and I will be compelled under the law to

arrest you,” warned the constable.



“Crime nothing—it's a crime to let a

man like that continue to live,” snorted

the offended householder. IVith that he

started pounding off toward the place of

business of the chickenless complainant,

with the constable at his heels. At each

step he made ugly remarks about his

business neighbor or hoarsely heaped im-

precations on his head. _



On the way they met Bill Dillon, and

Mack stopped to explain the accusation

to him, continuing to wave the offending

paper and mutter dire vengeance in his

rumbly throat.



“I wouldn’t pay him a blessed cent,”

advised Bill, when he had heard an out-

line of the case. “I saw the whole killing





bee and I’ll be a witness in the case—I’ll

walk right up to any court and tell just

how it happened, and I can tell you right

here that what I say will be an eye-

opener to Graves. The idea! Vl'hy, ask

him under oath if he ever owned a chick-

on. I think such a question will give

him a newgtrain of thought.”



"All right, Bill, if you say so I’ll go

right up and shake my fist under his nose

and tell him to'do his worst—that I’ll

tight him to the last court before'l’ll pay

him for a chicken that he probably never

owned,” said Mack, being careful that

the minion of the law could hear every

word that was said.



“Do it, Mack.” went on Dillon. “I’ll

stand by you to the last ditch. Call me

when you want me."



They ported, and Mack and the con-

stable hastened to the place of business

of the alleged depleted Graves. “Graves,

what does this mean? What does this

mean?" swishing the paper under the

nose of the astonished merchant.



“It means,” recovering promptly, "that

your dog killed my chicken and you car-

ried it off and I want pay for it—and I

mean to have it if there is any virtue in

law. That is just what I mean, the wood

with the bark on it," answered Graves.



“Do you know what I think of you?”

thundered Mack, getting red in the face.



“1 do not care two straws what you

think of me—the fact is, the less you

think of me the better it would please

me—it does not add to one’s good repu-

tation to even speak to a man of your

character," responded Graves, bristling.



Mack made a dive for the object of his

vituperation, but the constable intervened

in time to prevent a physical collision.



“\Vhat about Dillon?’ asked the con-

stable when he had restored comparative

peace. “You know that he says he

knows all about the case and maybe we

could settle this matter without any more

trouble.”



“Dillon!” howled Graves. “You two

have fixed the case against me. I

wouldn’t believe him under oath. No,

sir—es, this case has got to go to court

and be heard on its merits, if Mack does

not hand over the dollar he owes me

right now.” -



“I know there is no collusion,” persist-

ed the constable. “I was with Mr. Mack

just now when he met Dillon. and Dillon

said he saw the whole transaction and

would be glad to help straighten out the

dispute.”



Graves sniffed. “I do not have any

confidence in Dillon,” said he, "but if he

claims to have seen what happened I am

willing to hear what he has to say about

it, but he will have to tell his story to

the ’squire.”



:So far as I am concerned," said

Mack, after some thought, “I am willing

to leave the matter to what Dillon says

about it. What do you say, Graves?"



“It's got to be regular,” persisted

Graves. “He’s got to tell it in court.”



Then they went to the ’squire's office.

The town was full of country people and

they flocked in to hear the case aired.

Dillon was found down at the river fish-

ing and was brought up. He did not

want to quit, because the fish were biting

good.



At the appearance of Dillon, the audi-

ence crowded up with craned necks and

sharp ears to hear every word.





 





“I understand. Hr. Dmon,' said Graves,

"that you claim to know all about this

chicken dispute between Mr. Mack and

myself."



"I do, sir,” was the sober reply.



“Well, Mr. Mack and myself have

agreed to abide by what you say about it

-—not sworn testimony, you know, but

just in the presence of the court."



Mack nodded in the affirmative.



“Now, Mr. Dillon, if you say that. you

saw Mr. Mack’s dog kill my chicken and

that he later picked it up and carried it

away, he is to give me a dollar and the

matter ends right there, but if you say

that my chicken came to its death in

some other way and that Mack and his

dog had nothing to do with it, I will be

glad to submit and apologize to Mr.

Mack. Is that your‘understanding, Mr.

Mack?"



“It is,” from the accused.



“Now, Mr. Dillon, go on and tell us

just what yon saw and heard in regard

to this matter,” said Graves, stepping

back.



“I'll have to begin at.the beginning and

come right along up to when the killing

took place,” said Dillon.



“All right," responded Graves. “Give

us the whole story," at the same time

winking at one of the audience.



“Well, as I was coming up the alley

below your house yesterday afternoon.

not thinking that anything was about to

happen which might disrupt old and

time-tried friendships, I happened to

glance over into your yard. Just then

your little yellow dog Spike came around

the corner of the kitchen with something

in his mouth. He carried it out into the

middle of the yard and lay down with it

between his paws. Just then an old

speckled hen came along and stopped,

not five feet from Spike. She cocked her

head first on one side and then on the

other and clicked her bill like she wanted

some ‘of that tld-bit herself. Spike turn-

ed up one eye at her and growled. Says

I to myself: “Old Speckle, if you do not

want to get into trouble, you’d better

move on.’ She did not do it, however.

On the other hand, she kept walking

around Spike and stretching out her neck

like she was going to make a run for it.

You know how hens are that way. Spike

kept one eye on her and went on gnaw-

ing. Of course, I did not then realize

the importance of the transaction and

glanced away for a second. When I

looked back there was a fluttering of

wings and a cloud of dust and—”



“Now, what do you say you old skim

flint,” broke in Mack. ”Your own dog

kills your chicken and you try to get a

dollar out of me for it. It serves you

right. You deserve to lose the chicken

and the dollar." getting to his feet and

starting toward the door, the crowd

whooping and pounding the tables at the

supposed finish of the dispute.





“W’ait a moment,” said Dillon, clasping

and unclasping his hands. "I have not

finished my story. As I was saying,

when I looked back there was a flutter-

ing of wings and a cloud of dust. When

the dust had cleared away I could see

Spike sneaking around the corner of the

kitchen with his tail between his legs.

()ld Speckle had the piece of gristle, or

whatever it was, and was trying to swal-

low it whole.”



At that Graves broke out in a roar of

laughter and Mack stood leaning against

a desk with his hands in his pockets, the

crowd again pressing up to listen more

closely.



“About that time,” Dillon went on

calmly, as one testifying in court, “Mr.

Mack here and his brindle bulldog Mike

came along. They were walking along

slowly. Mr. Mack had his hands crossed

on his back and was looking at the sky-

It was getting a little cloudy by this

time and I think he was thinking about

how soon it might rain. At any rate, be

carefully inspected his umbrella, which

he was carrying in his left hand. YeS.

I am sure he had it in his left hand, and

he had his right hand in his pocket just

as he has it now. Well, Mike was sneak-

ing along the picket fence about six feet

ahead of his master, glancing between

the pickets as he trotted along. Just as

he came opposite Speckle, who at that

instant was standing on her tip—toes with

her neck stretched well up trying to

swallow what she had captured from

Spike, he saw her. He stopped short,

crouched low and began sliding his feet

along the pavement. I noticed the bris—

tles on his neck stiffen. He was trying

to stick his nose in between the pickets.

Just then he reached a point where a

picket was off and he dashed in like a

brindle streak. Speckle was so busy

swallowing that she did not see him. I





my 15. 1911.

could see that she had not the faintest

hint of impending disaster. At that in-

teresting second Heck stabbed his toe

and hopped along a few steps, looking

back and talking to himself. When I

looked back toward the dog and chicken

there was a sort of cloud of feathers and

dog. Mr. Mack was so interested in his

toe that he did not seem to pay any at—

tention to the ruction over in the Graves

Yard. Just when the feather cloud was

the thickest a smashing big hen hawk

swooped down through the branches of a.

pear tree and clamped its claws into the

fluttering Speckle, right \ behind each

wing, and flew off with her. She was

still trying to swallow that which she

had stolen from Spike. Mike was so sur-

prised at the appearance of the hawk

that he reared back on his haunches and

clawed at his nose. It may be that the

hawk slightly scratched him.”



By that time the crowd could contain

itself no longer and whooped and howled

and stamped. When partial quiet had

been restored, Dillon went on: “My at-

tention being called to Mike, I watched

him a moment. After he had rubbed his

nose to his own satisfaction he hunted

up Spike and gave him a sound drubbing.

and then overtook his limping master at

the next corner. Turning my face in the

direction the hawk had departed I saw

it aviating out over the middle of the

river. Speckle was still trying to swal-

low the meat rind, as nearly as I could

make out. At that instant I heard the

crack of a gun somewhere and the hawk

crumpled up like a piece of tissue paper

and dropped like a plummet into the

river. Speckle, on being released, glided

down in a few graceful spirals, and

plumped into the river with a flutter. Just

as she struck there was a flirt of water

and I saw ner no more. The swish of

water was made by a monster catfish. I

know it was a. catfish, for I caught it on

my trout line this morning and it had

Speckle in cold storage. If you will ad-

journ to the river, gentlemen, I can con~

vince you of the truthfulness of my

statement. I have the fish and t e hen in

my boat. That is all, gentlemen.”



At that, both interested parties stalked

out with ruffled spirits.



FRAYED EDGES.

BY HANDA L. CROCKER.



“Flip flap” went the rufiles of the rusty

mohair in a sort of dramatic tattoo as

Connie Payne descended the post office

steps. VVlth an impatient swish she gath-

ered up the offending skirt and, for the

first time, noticed that the hems were be-

ginning to fray. A contemptuous curl of

the lip emphasized the discovery. “Really,

it is coming to it,” she said jerkily as

she reached the street.





Not for a minute had she doubted the '





ultimate outcome—the thrusting of the

pinched physiognomy across the thresh-

old. Ugh! its gleaming incisors had

gnawed her best gown already. Notwith-

standing at that very moment Barrie was

doubtless mooning. around the capital in

the interest of that abominable invention.

How she hated it. It had swallowed one-

half of Meadowlands in the vain en-

deavor to get letters patent on its im-

provident bulk, and was in a fair way to

appropriate the other half.



“Sacrifices must be made, Connie."

Barrie would say. ”It takes a struggle to

attain the heights, but it is the summit

that counts."



After this burst of wisdom he would

go beaming and whistling to his den to

ponder the utility of another cog or pro-

posed lever, while the sparrowgrass took

the fields and the gates grew shackly.



Connie had heard of inventors going

stark mad and—history could repeat it'-

self. For a minute the minor affair of a

threadbare gown was forgotten. An aw-

ful possibility had crossed the perspec-

tive, beside which the pinched physiog-

nomy was a comfort.



Presently she spied the banker’s wife

coming toward her and the film of the

terrible suddenly shifted. Previous to the

disasters of the inventive chapter, Mrs.

Chapman was her most intimate friend.

But for months Veva had scarcely been

civil.



Connie swallowed ,hard and promptly

crossed the street to avoid meeting her;

but, to her infinite astonishment, the

woman trilled, school girl fashion. and

kissed her finger tips to her as of old.



The red blood mounted to Mrs. Payne's

face. All the misery of the estrangement

had not hurt quite like this. Did Veva.

presume that she would bound to her

side, like a Collie, for a caress? Would

she bridge it all by a silly trill and the

tip of a Judas? Evidently.
JULY 15, 1911.





Without even so much as a nod of

recognition, Connie quickened her pace.

leaving the nonplussed banker’s wife gaz-

ing after her.



The gray listless avenue of Meadow-

lands, with its border of half-naked

trees, looked ragged—frayed as the hem

of her gown—~as she turned in. Just then

the Van Syoc’s went flying past in their

bran new car, and, wonder of wonders,

the girls waved their scarfs at her as the

tonneau flashed by. Well, they had not

been as uppish as Veva, though they had

been remote.



Nita had tea ready and she sat down

in her accustomed place not caring to

bother with the mail. It never amounted

to much anyway—illustrated catalogues

for Barrie, mostly, giving ideas on cogs

and levers, and she was tired to death of

all that.



After the table was cleared she would

find some silk and mend the antiquated

ruffles. There would be no need to open

the parlor for one, and that one the com-

mittee on economics.



Nita fidgetted a good deal, Connie no-

ticed, as she poured the tea, glancing up

expectantly meanwhile. Finally, not get-

ting an opening to the much desired con-

versation, the girl bubbled over on her

own responsibility. “I suppose you are

dreadful proud of Mr. Payne now?" and

not giving Mrs. Payne time to collect her

wits, the excited girl floundered on to the

kernel of the all—absorbing topic. “They

say it's all in the paperss~his great suc-

cess with his wonderful patent.”



Half strangling on the unswallowed tea,

Connie put down her cup and made a.

dive for the neglected mail. Yes, there

it was on the first page of the home pa-

per: “Our fellow townsman, Barrie

Payne, whose inventive genius has

brought him a snug fortune already, will

be at home tonight to receive the con—

gratulations of his friends. He and his

estimable Wife will be at the banquet





given in their honor at the hall this

evening,” read Connie.



”Going?” beamed Nita, passing the

cookies.





Mrs. Payne did not answer and the pa-

per slid to the floor unnoticed. Then this

was the secret of the town's slopping

over that afternoon? Baa!



But why had not Barrie written? “A

snug fortune!" Glancing down at the

rusty mohair she laughed nervously.

Looking up she made the tardy reply:

“No, .1 am not going. The estimable wife

will remain at home to mend frayed

cdges.”



“You will disappoint them dreadfully,"

ventured Nita.



“They have disappointed me dreadfully,

too,” answered Connie, the old pain grip-

ping at her heart again.



Familiar steps sounded in the hall and

Barrie burst in, his face all ashine.



”The summit, Connie," he cried. “0,

the view is magnificent,” and he waltzed

his wife back and forth over the faded

ingrain in sheer happiness.



Connie opened her lips to speak but

the words would not come.



“Didn’t you get my letter?” he asked,





seeing something undefinabie on his

wife’s face. .

"No,” she gasped, all out of breath





with the waltzing.



“Why! 0, here it is," and Barrie fished

out the missing object from the neglected

mail.



“O-Oh!” exclaimed Connie,

out her hand for the letter.

have overlooked it.”



Her husband looked puzzled for a mo-

ment, then he brightened. “Never mind

it now,” he said, “We haven’t time

You’ve had the news in the papers—all

but our fellow townsman’s latest ex—

travagance. See, Connie!” displaying a

lovely gown which would have outshone

Veva’s choicest. “It is to wear tonight,”

he said as Connie vouchsafed no answer.

“Don’t you like it, dear?”



Poor economic committee, the transi—

tion was indeed trying! Already from

“the summit" some things looked exceed—

ingly shabby. Truly the frayed edges

were a sight. But the courage born of

the triumph trickled through her fam—

ished veins like an elixir. She felt the

flush of it on her cheek and Barrie saw

the glint of it in her eyes. She could put

the hurts behind her for her hquand's

sake, but the friendship would never

come again.



“It is beautiful,” she said, touching the

shining folds caressingly, “but under-

stand, Barrie dear. that it is the es-

timable Mrs. Payne they wish to con-





reaching

“1 must





gratulate tonight, not her clothes. I

shall wear the gown I have on this even-

ing.”





"wifey gets a mighty different view





\





» m-mmmrm-AmawMW-t





- " —





 





THE 'MlCHlGA’N FARMER.





from what I expected," mused the full-

fledged inventor as he watched her brush

her hair and put on a fresh collar, “but

it seems satisfying to her.”



That night when Connie rose to reply

to me comprehensive toast, “Our

friends," she began, with that strange

glint in her eyes growing to a flash as she





‘took in the finely dressed company, “are





of several kinds. Summer friends, money





friends"—resting her look on the~bank-

er’s wife—“policy friends and friends of

vantage. But there are no friends like

the hearty clOudy-day friends. Blessings

on the friends of frayed edges."



All at once it came to Barrie, the reve-

lation of the peculiar glint and the ab-

sence of the shimmering silk. But he

could not quite understand why Connie

avoided the social swim thereafter.





 





 





FARM VESPERS.





BY E. L. K. W.





Wearied with the dire confusion,

Hurrying, jostling, care and strife,



Far removed from noise and tumult

“'hich in every town are rife,



A secluded country farm house

I have chosen for repose,



And, while strolling in the gloaming,

Watch the bright day’s peaceful close.





Quiet here, but not oppressive,

Reigns a silence so profound;



Far from out the evening twilight

Comes full many a voice and sound.



From the inmates of the beehive

There proceeds a constant hum,



As if busy in their droning,

Planning work for days to come.





Mingling with the sounds and voices

Which harmoniously swell,



As I wander toward the barnyard,

Chimes the tinkiing of a bell,



As. old Brindle, in contentment,

Ruminates her hoarded quid,



While about her, in the grasses,

Harps the tiny katydid.





Standing now upon the footbridge,

Having rambled farther still,

I can hear the gentle ripple

Of the quiet little rill,

Gliding o’er its pebbled bottom

“'ith a rhythmic, luiling sound,

Ever onward, toward the river,

On its heaven-born mission hound.





And the frogs, which by the hrmiklot,

Faithfully their vigil keep,

Softly, in a peaceful chorus,

Add their song, “Dee deep, dee deep,"

And anon, amid the rushes,

Breaks a voice from one more harsh,

In a word, himself proclaiming.

“Monarch” of both stream and marsh.

Joining nature’s evening anthem,

From the summit of the hill,

In a voice by distance mellowed

Pipes the wakeful whip-poor-will;

Here and there a harmless insect

Flits about on buzzing wing,

While the firefly, in the darkness,

Noiselessly his lantern brings.





Back I wander to the farm house

\Vith a consciousness of peace,



For all worrying care and tumult

For a time have seemed to cease;



In the search for rest and respite

From the city’s busy strife.



“'hat a boon, to one o'crbnrdened,

Is this tranquil country life.





And these Vespers, on the zephyr,

Like a soothing cadence seem,

Bringing to our care-worn senses

Restful sleep with pleasant dream,

While the Father, watching o’er us,

Guards with care, His creatures still,

And the heart of nature pulsates

In accordance with His will.





THE RETIRED FARMER.





 





 





BY HATTIE WASHBURN.



Great is the migration of the retired

farmer to town. Greater still would it be

if more farmers were prosperous enough

to realize their dreams to rest amid the

pleasures of city or village after their

work on the farm is over.



Perhaps the old home, where the farmer

and his wife have lived and toiled and

watched their family grow to manhood

and womanhood, is sold to strangers, or

one of the sons or a married daughter

may take charge of it, thus keeping the

cherished home within the family’s pos-

session. A new house, grander and more

commodious than the old, is built or pur-

chased in town, and there the retired

farmer and wife establish themselves,

surrounded perhaps by material comforts

before unknown.



Friends and relatives look on with ap—

proval. Mr. and Mrs. Farmer have al—

ways found it necessary to stay at home

so closely, and now they may enjoy them~

selves. The girls are so glad mother will

not have to work hard any more but can

rest. The boys are sure father can re-

tire with impunity and enjoy himself as

he desires. .



Everything is so lovely it would seem

that the book of life is ended for the





farmer and his Wife save the perusal of





the last beautiful chapter of peace and

rest and tranquil enjoyment. A beautiful

theory but, like many a beautiful theory.

it is not always satisfactory in practice.

\Ve can turn back through many a final

chapter of the retired farmer and his

wife and read restlessness and discontent

between the lines.



Freedom from toil may be rest for the

habitually active for awhile but soon be-

comes a troublesome quality and they





long for familiar tasks with which to fill

the empty hours. Of course, the city or

village offers many tasks and pleasures

to which they may turn their attention,

but how pitifully often they fail to satisfy

those well used to the freedom, simplicity

and innocent enjoyment of life on the

farm.



Nature has decreed that we shall labor

for our daily bread, and those who have

long obeyed her can not suddenly cease

from toil and find contentment. Generally

the retired farmer does not find a struggle

for existence necessary and, if he does,

he must match his failing strength

against the skill and training of those

wcll used to bread—winning in the city.

Thus he who was once king of a realm

all his own, which, though small, was

productive if well ruled, becomes the

poorly paid vassal, perhaps, of those who

were wont to solicit his patronage.



The wife and family of the retired

farmer who still finds it necessary to

labor, may enjoy as many comforts, how-

ever, as does the family of the farmer

whose finances make further labor un-

lt seems strange, but obser-

proves that it is true. that the

retired farmer with money in the bank,

with a comfortable home free from in—

cumhrances and the farm still in his pos-

scssion, perhaps. may be more economical

of living expenses than the city man

whose resources are, more limited and

who does not even own the place he calls

homc.



'l‘he retired farmer who has been wont





necessary.

vation





to handle a large income finds it sud-

denly cut off or greatly reduced, and he

seems loth to draw upon the bank ac-

count that Inust endure until the end

that may be far in the future. Many of

the luxuries that went to supply the





sumptuous farm table without a reckon-

ing of their cost, must now be paid for

with hoarded dollars, and the proverbial

lavish farmer, in retirement, often resorts

to petty economies of which he formerly

never dreamed.



And, supposing pecuniary considera-

tions could be set aside, would not the

aged farmer and his wifc he more pleas—





antly situated if they remained on the

farm after retirement? Surely he who

can afford to retire from work and buy

a new homc in town, with an added cost

of living, can as well afford to stay on

the farm and rest during his declining

years, surroundml by the comforts he

would not deny himself in town. The

aged farmer and his wife who stay on

the farm have not to contend with‘ the





monotony of long days devoid of employ-

ment. Often the farmer judges unwisely

as to the time for retirement and too

late finds hc has not yet outlived the

desire nor capability of Work. Not so

with the farmer who wisely passes the

Span of old age. where his days of great—

est usefulness and activity were spent.



Thus have the English farmers one

for countless generations, and it would

seem that the too restless American

might do well to follow the example, in

this instance at least, of their more con-

tented brothers across the sea.





(11)





To The Last

Mouthful





one enjoys a bowl of

crisp, delightful.





Post

Toasties





with cream or stewed

fruit—0r both.





47





 





Some people make

an entire breakfast out

of this combination.





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Battle (reek, Mich. U. S. A.





_-——.__-q_





 





 





 





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The comparison of the transplanted

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where can the retired farmer and his wife

so fittingly and happily peruse the last

beautiful chapter of their lives as amid

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ever amount to anything."



Visitor—~"And they guessed wrong."



Village Donnie—flNope, they guessed





 





 





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Henpex—Say, doc, you ought to see her

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BOX 1“, care MICHIGAN Fawn, Detroit. Mich
(12)

POTS or GOLD.





BY MRS. M. B. RANDOLPH.





There are pots of gold in the ground,

little man, ‘



There are pots of gold in the ground;



Good gold as ever was found, little man,

In river bed or mound.



But plow and sow and barrow and hoe,

And toil you must, my man,



To get that gold from the garden mold—

Yet if you will, you can.





48





There are pots of gold

little man,

There are pots of gold in the ground;

The meadow fine may prove a mine

If you work it round and round;





in the ground,





 





 





Yes, plow and sow, and barrow and hue,

And toil you must, my man.

To get that gold from the meadow mold—-

Yet if you will, you can.

There are pots of gold in the ground,

little man,

There are pots of gold in the ground;

Fair balls of gold, as those of old

\thn Venus won, abound;

But plow and prune and spray

tune.

And work is the word, my man,

If you get that gold from the orchard

mold—

Yet if you will, you can.





is the





Hark! the robins are in the trees



They drown the song of the chickadees;

Summer’s hero and from “the line” .

The sun’s bright shafts descend the mine;

Now’s the time your stuff to test,



No need go North, no need go \Vest



Those fabled fields to scan;



Just stake your claim and work the same,



And whistle and sing and plan

To get the gold from the scented mold



Of the fragrant farm, my man.



HARRY’S VALET.

BY EVA MILLS ANDERSON.



Early last spring ilarry found a young

crow which had fallen or been pushed

out of the nest. He brought it to the

house, clipped its wings, fed it and made

a nest for it in the summer house.



The boy and the bird soon became in-

separable companions and had many in—

teresting romps together. layery pleasant

morning Harry, while. dressing, took his

shoes out on the sloping surface of the

cellar door and .lack soon came at once

to help lace them. lndccd, he was usually

the first one at the rendezvous, cawing

and making a great fuss until llarry ap-

peared. llarry would put a shoestring

through a hole and throw the end toward

Jack, who Wullltl seize it in his bill, draw

it as tight as possible, drop it and run to

the other side in readiness for the other

end of the. string to appear. This prw

ccourc was repeated until the shoes worr-

laced. Jack understood what was to be

done quite as well as liarry. \thn the

task was finished he would strut around,

caw-cawing with evident satisfaction, as

if he wanted us all to understand what

a necessary member of the household be

was.



After the shoes were laced the. two

friends had a game of ball. They played

with a small Woodcn ball, rolling it on the

sidewalk bctwccn them. Jack pushed it

with his bill, somctimcs with his foot.

showing the concern it went

astray.



Another playmate of the two friends

was a Maltese kitten named Fluff. It

was! very amusing to sec .lack and Fluff

Jack





greatest if





play tag. V\'()Ul(l begin the. game

by nipping Fluff's car, running off at

once with a queer tilting gait. Fluff





would give chase, trying to hit him with

her paw, which she seldom succeeded in

doing. Then Jack would stand perfectly

still while the kitten prepared to spring

but when Fluff landed it was never on

Jack, for he had quickly taken himself

out of the way and was standing at some

other point caw-cawing as





if to say, _





THE MICHIGAN, FARMER. '





“Thought you were smart, didn’t you?

Try it again; come on, I dare you to try

it again!” Strangely enough, although

Jack was anything but an expert racer,

we never saw him, in this garne. attempt

to fly. He seemed to feel that to use his

wings would be to taker an unfair ad-

vantage of pussy, which shows there is

honor even among crows.



It was very funny to see Jack when

Fluff was enjoying a quiet nap. He would

assume a half-penitent, half-businesslike

air as if he would say, “What a brute of





.a bird I’ve been to neglect that dear little





kitten so long. I’ll attend to her this very

instant.” and he would nip her ear

sharply to remind her of his undying in-

terest. In some respects Jack did not

treat Fluff very well. He tipped her bowl

of milk over before she could drink it.

He stole the food from her plate, not to

eat. but to hide. Indeed, he would steal

and hide anything he could carry away,

secreting his booty under leaves, sticks,

tufts of grass or any place which would

afford a cover.



One day the children took off their

shoes and stockings, leaving them on the

back porch while they went to the lake

for a frolic. “'hen they returned at sup-

per time not a stocking was to be seen.

Jack strutted around after them as they

ran hither and thither trying to find the

missing fOOtgear. He cawed' and croaked,

evidently enjoying their vcxation at the

loss of their property. He acted as if he

were playing a game of “seek my thirn-

hie.” Sometimes he would caw loud and

fast as if he were saying "hot." and

sometimes he would caw slowly or walk

off in disgust as if he were saying “cold,

you’re freezing.” At last he cawed “hot."

plainly when they looked under the

summer house that, although the miss-

ing articles could not be seen. they

fetched a rake and soon raked them out.

\\'hile they were doing this Jack flew to

the edge of the roof and, pcrching there,

lookcd at them as they brought one

after another to light, cawing



as if he would say, “\Vell,

are slow. \Vasn‘t I telling you all

too timc where they were? Came pretty

nt-ar not finding them! Caw. caw.”



it believed, when Harry first

adopted Jack, that the bird \\'()ll--l be very

troublesome in the garden. 1T0 proved

to be an assistant there rather than oth-

t-rwise. He would walk up and down the

rows of vegetables picking off any bugs

worms he found therein. ,lle prob—

ably (lid not injure the plants because

he. was abundantly supplied with animal

food which he preferred.





Ft)





stocking

dcrisiycly

)‘ttll





“US





or





During the first part of the season

Harry was particular to keep Jack's

wings clipped so he could not fly any





distance, but this was gradually neglect-

ed as the season advanced. He appeared

contented with his home until late in the

fall when he suddenly disappeared. It

is supposed that, having a free pass and

being able to forage on the country, he

went south for the winter. Harry hopes

he will return or, in case he does not, he

may have the good luck to find another

young crow next spring.





JOKES ON THE CITY FOLKS.





BY INEZ DE JARNATT COOPER.

A Chicago woman who had bum a suc-

cessful college teacher. was explaining

what terrible results came from putting





 





 





things off; She gave as example the

burning of Chicago, which, as everyone

knows, _was started by a. cow kicking

over a lamp. “This great loss of life and

property,” she concluded, “was caused

by procrastination. Had the woman not

put off’her milking until after dark, this

could not have happened." One cannot

help wondering at just what time she

expected the milking to be done, for at

that time of the year, in northern Illinois,

it is frequently as dark as a pocket, in a

barn, at 4:30 o’clock.



'One young wife, an ex-city girl, was

told by her husband that she might have

all the old iron that could be picked up

on the farm. She did get together enough

to realize a neat sum, but among the

scrap—just before it was sold—he luckily

discovered his new, unused coulter.



A Chicago family recently came to our

vicinity to run a fancy poultry farm. The

woman who helped with the housework

suggested that it was high time the ducks

were picked. They were delighted at the

prospect of a lot of fine feathers, but

their enthusiasm was dampened by the

keen question of the man of the house—

“Can they swim after being picked?" On

being assured that it made no difference,

they immediately arranged to have them

picked.



one observing city lad—he was a bright

boy of fourteen—exclaimed on his first

visit to the country: “Gee, no wonder

the farmers get rich—they raise oats and

straw on the same stem!"



These are actual instances. Let the

city folks laugh at our greenness. Some-

times a little knowledge of the green

would cheat us from many a hearty

laughwat their expense.





 





OLD GRAY.





BY FLOY S. ARMSTRONG.





In a meadow by the roadside,

Sheltered from the summer sun,



Stood a horse so old and feeble

’i‘hat ] knew his race was run;



By his side, with fond caresses,

Stood a. bonny, winsome lad,



And when I stopped to question him

The sunny face grew sad.





“Your steed is rather ancient,

.\ ‘back number’, I should say,



But perhaps you’d like to sell him;

What‘s your figure on the gray?"



The blue eyes flashed, two chubby hands

Caressed the white old head,



'\\'hile, in loving tones and tender,

The loyal laddie said:





"Poor old chap! he's feeble and gray,



He’s traveled these.r rough roads for many

a day;



lle‘s been kind and true, always doing his

best,



So let him enjoy a well-earned rest.





“My daddy often tells me

That in days of long ago,

\V'hen ()ld (iray was young and handsome,

And his coat was white as snow,

.He always took the heavy end

Of every kind of load,

And neVer found a hill too steep

Nor knew too long a road.





“In summer‘s sun and winter’s cold

He‘s always done his part;

I've known him all my life, sir,

And I love. him from my heart.

My daddy says when we get old

And Worn out, just like Gray,

\Ve'll be content if neighbors

And friends can only say:





“ ‘Poor old chap' he's feeble and gra

I ' y

He 3 traveled these rough roads for many

a day;

He's been kind and true, always doing

his best,





So let him enjoy a well-earned rest.’ ”





 





 





Three little people mlssed their play





 





Because it was their washing day.





 





 





 





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Write now for our booklet of

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Wheeling. W. Va.





 

   





 





   

 





 





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At Home : and .Elis’ew ere





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





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%





WHEN MEEKNESS IS OVERDONE.





MONG the spiritual graces which

A struggling mankind has been ad-

_ monished to acquire are reckoned

gentleness and meekness. Many of us

would-'be 'the better for aditional meas-

ures of these virtues, but on the other

hand, aren’t there quite a few who have

too much of the “peace at any price"

spirit for their own good?



Two men stand out‘in my mind at this

moment as examples of perfect meekness

and gentleness, one a country preacher,

the other a city newspaper man. The

latter is perhaps the more remarkable, as

we scarcely look for the “Tom Pinch"

sort of man in a hustling, editorial room.

might almost have posed

as the original of Dickens’ famous char—

acter. His life was one story of giving

up for others, love was laid aside for his

family’s sake and perhaps with it went

the desire for strife and conquest. At

any rate, when I knew the man he had

become peace, forgiveness, meekness and

charity personified. He never resented an

insult. Let him give a pleasant “Good—

Morning” to another and receive a surly

grunt or perhaps no answer at all, and

he always excused it by saying Jones

must have a headache. If a man de-

liberately tried to pick a quarrel with him

he stood for whatever the other wanted

to say and then turned it off by saying

Brown's wife didn’t get him his break-

fast half the time and that would make

any man ugly. Anyone. could run over

him. and ‘as a consequence everyone did.

By—and-by everyone got to thinking he

wasn’t as bright as he might be, the city

editor chimeto share the opinion and

nothing. I'm insignificant assignments

ever e 2way’. He drifted into 'that

most‘idismal of ruts, the doing of every-

thing about the office that no one else

would do, and there he will remain until

the end of his days.



There are the married women, too,

who start life with the idea of adapting

themselves entirely to their husband’s

whims, of being ready always to give up

their own wishes in order to avoid a dis-

agreement or a downright quarrel. It

Sounds very well in theory but I have

never known it to work out well when

put into actual practice. Men are so

willing to accept the fact that they were

mace to rule that they do not need the

encouragement to be derived from con-

tinual surrender. Besides, down in his

heart of hearts every man has more re~

spcct for the woman who has spirit

enough to back up her own opinions than

he has for the gentle soul who, at first

through love for him and afterwards

through l‘car, hides her own personality

completely and rellects only his.

alone in surrendering

give up, it is in

trivial in them-



when we con—

cntirely of a





not

Women

things, all





And it is

opinions that

many otter

selves but large enough

sider that life is made up

sum of little things. I know one woman

who married a soulherner. He would

not eat bread and demanded hot biscuit

three times a day. And they must be

fresh every meal, you could not make

enough at one time to last a day and

then serve them cold or warm them up.

The wife ivas very fond of onions, she

could eat them every day fried, boiled or

plain, any way so it was an onion. nut

hubby disliked onions and refused to let

them come into the house. Now this

wife was very much in love when she

married so she gave up her own likes and

dislikes and started in to baking bis-

cuits three times a day winter and sum-

mer, rain or shine, at the same time

foregoing forever her own loved vege—

table. It worked all right for a bit, but

hubby found it so delightful to be obeyed

that he began to look for other ways of

commanding; Bit by bit he imposed his

likes and dislikes upon his wife and in-

sisted on her conforming all her ways to

his. For 15 years the woman baked bis—

Cuit, something like two or three millions

of them, I believe she said later, for she

kept count of all she baked. And as she

baked and baked, and was tantalized by

the memory of onions and other things





she had been forced to give up, slowly the

love she had cherished for the man

turned into the bitterness of hate. The

ideality with which she had clothed him

dropped away and he stood revealed in

all his littleness. Then the spirit of re-

volt broke within her and the divorce

suit which followed gave the neighbor-

hood the greatest scandal it had known

for years.



There are other women scattered

through the length and breadth of the

land who have started in the same way.

It may not be biscuits and onions, it may

be money, church, clothes, friends, some-

thing they have been ordered to give up

and for the sake of peace they have given

in. And as the years go by the indignity

of it has burned its way into their soul

until it has eaten out all the love with

which they began. Many of them have

not the spirit to revolt. but the hatred

is there underneath the calm exterior

which the world knows. Could the bus—

bands but realize mornings as they reach

for their cup of coffee the intensity with

which their wives wish it might turn to

poison as they drink it, mcihinks the

shock to these worthy men would be ter-





rific.



How much better for both if wives

would not be so ready to give up. Not

that I believe in eternal bickering, only





in the doctrine that if submission is good





IX





of the mother is largely responsible for

this, causes which can be remedied to a

large degree if the mother will spend a

tenth of the time she devotes to baby in

taking care of herself.



The time to begin training a child is a

hundred years before he is born, says a

noted writer. I'nfortunatcly, the mother

can not see to this, but she can see to a

great many things and if she would know

any happiness in motherhood, she must

do her little best. Always she should eat

and drink wisely and well, but during the

time of her waiting she should use dou-





ble vigilance. A well balanced ration,

no excess of anything, is what she needs.

Some physicians, faddists, recommend a





diet of fruit and vegetables. Others rec-

ommend principally meat, eggs, and

milk. A wise course is to eat a little of

everything that makes for health and

strength, to be confined neither to flesh

nor vegetables, and above all. never to

eat excessively of any one thing. Tem-

perance uni-ans a moderate use of things,

and now is the time when that virtue

should be practiced rigorously. Too much

sweet is as bad as too much spirits, and

the Woman who is tempted to nibble at

candy should beware.



lirink plenty of water. Nothing is bet-

ter for the kidneys than good pure wat-

er and as diseased kidneys are the cause

of many deaths during confinelncnts, they

should be watched carefully at this time.

Convulsions, which are the dread of doc-

tors and nurses, are largely





 





 





 





 





This is the Neat Little Home of Mrs. L. L. WraY-





for woman it is also good for man. Let

each be willing to give up a little, each

be willing to grow towards the other's

ways. In this way only can true happi-

ness be attained and love ripen towards

perfectness.



I)EBORAII.





YOUNG MOTHER AND THE FIRST

CHILD.





 





Some Things the Mother Can Do.



Is there a more beautiful picture than

that of the young mother with her first

child? Artists in every age have recog-

nize the purity and charm ofthe themc,

and from famous brushes we have por-

traits of the mother and her child, per-

traits which can not fail to appeal to all

that is best in those who study the pic-

ture. \\'e have the same feelirg, too, in

looking at the picture in real life and our

hearts stir as we marvel at the trust

and dependence of the little one, the de-

votion and care of the mother.



There is one, however, who all too often

fails to see the beauty of the picture.

That is the mother. The pain she has

undergone, the dozens of present wor-

ries, the demands on her time, strength

and patience, the sleepless nights. all too

often fill her consciousness to the ex-

clusion of any thought of the beauty and

joy there may be in motherhood. Ill

health and lack of strength on the part





it behooves every

pains to See





uremic poisoning, so

prospective mother to take

that there are no traces of uremia in her

system.



A hot sitz bath every night is recom-

mended by many doctors. and certainly

does no harm. Mild exercise is essential,

and work, when not carried to excess

never hurt any woman, Of course, it is

most unwise to work beyond one’s

strength, to lift heavy weights, run up

and down stairs, and in any other way

subject the system to a strain. iut work

within one‘s strength is less likely to do

harm than lying about on the sofa read-

ing and thinking about one's bad feel-

ings.



(Questions regarding diet,

anything else concerning the

child will galdly be answered—lid.)





clothing or

mother or





 





ONE WOMAN'S INDUSTRY AND ITS





LESSON.



Mrs. L. L. \Vray, whose photo. together

with pictures of her home and yard, we

are producing. may be 90 or more years

old—no one knows and she is modest.

She is of Cherokee birth, thus being an

American pioneer in the fullest extent,

her ancestors having occupied American

soil before Columbus called. Her little

home is located in the city of Adrian and

is on a lot four by seven rods in extent.

In the back yard are grapes, currants,





ca used by





 





car 49

WRONG SORT

Perhaps Plain Old Meat. Potatoel and





Bread May Be Against You for a Time.



A change to the right kind of food can

lift one from a sick bed. A lady in Wel-

den, 111., says:



“Last spring I became bed—fast with

severe stomach trouble accompanied by

Sick headache. I got worse and worse

until I became so low I could scarcely

retain any food at all, although I tried

about every kind.



”I had become completely discouraged

and given up all hope and thought I was

doomed to starve to death, until one day

my husband, trying to find something I

could retain, brought home some; Grape-

Nuts.



"To my surprise the food agreed with

me, digested perfectly and without dis-

tress. I began to gain strength at once.

My flesh (which had been flabby) grew

firmer, my health improved in every

way and every day, and in a very few

weeks‘I gained 20 pounds in weight.



“I liked Grape-Nuts so well that for

four months I ate no other food, and

always felt as well satisfied after eating

as if I had sat down to a fine banquet.



“I had no return of the misearable sick

stomach nor of the headaches, that I

used to have when I ate other food. I am

now a well woman, doing all my own

work again, and feel that life is worth

living.



“Grape-Nuts food has been a God~send

to my family; it surely saved my life;

and my two little boys have thriven on it

wonderfully." Name given by Postum

C0,, Battle Creek, Mich.



Read the little book, “The Road to

\Vellville," in pkgs. “There's a Reason."





1



Ever read the above letter? A



new one appears from time to



time. They are genuine, true,‘

and full of human interest.





Serpentine Crépe





——l





A DESIGN FOR

EVERY OCCASION! \





If you want to know the sac

-preme luxury of correct dress

‘ '\ for Spring and Summer wear,

ask your dealer to show you

thelatest





Ge)?”





It makes up into street and

outing dresses, gowns, house

wrappers, lounging robes.

kinlonos, shirtwaists, and

youths’ and misses" dresses.

Rich, stylish—quite the

proper thing.

. .L A design for every taste in



all the latest artistic Concep-

’ tions, and in black, white,

gray and the delicate shades

' ~ that appeal so strongly to

women of good taste. The crinkle is permanent—

the colors fast. Saves laundry bills, as it does not

need ironing.



The highest quality and longest wear

guaranteed by this Pacific Mills trade mark

on every piece. Look for it and refuse

imitations.



If your dealer doesn’t carry the genuine trade





marked Serpentine Crépe. write us for free sample:

and list 0! dealers who will supply you.





PACIFIC MILLS - BOSTON, MASS.





 





 





 

   

 

 

 





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"" as

Wfiggfi Insist

mnpSAP 2‘ on

mm,“ ' Getting





 





JAP ROSE





"The Bubble Bath Soap"

Get what you ask for.

Don't be imposed upon.

tr Jap Rota is thoAdoriginnI, cartonned,

ansparen . '

in all kinds :fagvater. opted for toxlet use

Sold by Dealers Everywhere

REFUSE IMITATIONS

Look [or the lap Glrl on every package.





A Large

Cake 10c





 





 





 

 





1839



Placed anywhere. at-

tracts and kill: all

. flies. Neat. clean.

<2 ornamental. conven-

j . ient.chcap. Lat-Ill

‘ lea-on. Can'tspillor



tip over, will not soil

or injure anything.

; Guaranteed effect-

vc. 0! all dealer: or



' sent prepaid for 20¢.





 

   

 





HAROLD 80113118

150 De Kalb An.

’ , Brooklyn. N. Y.





writing to advertisers just any "Saw

your Id. In the Michigan Farmer."





WHEN
'50





gooseberries, lillies,

hardy flowers. She does all





(1401





in an





tainyment. The quality of her





Mrs. L. L. Wray.

high. She has ready buyers. The income

from her few square rods is adequate to

provide her with the necessities of life





as well as many of its pleasures. Besides

her horticultural interests Mrs. \Vray

watches closely the work of the local

schools and keeps herself well informed

on church work and takes pride in the

many institutions of her town and

county.



When a woman with a few rods of





ground and her own limited strength is

able to meet all her obligations and enjoy

the society of her neighbors, why should

greed unbalance the mind, Work

bargains, lead men to deceive and to

steal? The few facts that we give above

of one aged Michigan woman have

with tiiem some philosophy that is vital,

even though it may not be accepted as

such by some of our learned doctors. By

a careful system of culture the capacity

of the soil to grow fruit and vegetables

and grains is enlarged. The conscious-

ness of this larger usefulness of property

in years to come lends contentment to

the tiller. Each year he pays his debts

'and thinks that during another year ad-

ditional wants may be satisfied. There

is a contentment that counts on the

charity and sympathy of the public that

is neither just nor commendable; while

that other brand, which all men should

court, has in it a spirit of progressive-

ness, an element of growth, the con—

sciousness of increased efficiency. Con-





sharp





narcissi and other

her own

work, attends to the grounds and plants

up—to-date manner, is a‘regular

member of the local horticultural society

and enjoys the programs both from the

viewpoints of information and of enter-

fruit is





 





THE MICHIGAN FAR.MER.





ing me.





similar experience. I followed her direc-

tions and in a month we were free, and

I have not seen any since.



Remove from the rooms infested, all

gold, silver and brass, but everything

else can be left and will not be harmed.

Open up the beds, bureau draws, etc.

Then, in the middle of the rooms place a

tub containing a pail of water and in the

middle of the water place some bricks

(the water is only a-protection against

fire). ()n the bricks place a kettle con-

taining a shovel or two of good live

coals. Get 50 cents worth of brimstone

and grind or break it up in small pieces.

Tie a towel, folded, across your mouth

and nose so you’will not inhale any of

the fumes, pour the brimstone on the

coals and get out of the room as quickly

as possible. Close the door after you

tightly and throw an old rug down in

front of it so no fumes can escape. As-

certain by looking in the windows from

time to time that everything is all right

and the room full of smoke. Leave the

room about 24 hours, then air out a day.

In eight or ten days repeat the process.

You will have no more trouble if you fol-

low directions closely. You may not need

to use 50 cents worth of the brimstone

unless your room' is large. Try 25 cents

worth each time. I once bought a bed-

room suite second-hand and found after

I had cleaned it thoroughly with soap

and water, the first night I used it that

it had bed bugs in it.’ This I cleaned

with several applications of gasoline. Be

sure and keep from fire while using it.—

Mrs. A. S. M. ‘





FADS OF FASHION. ‘





 





Now that summer has advanced, linen

suits are in great favor. Many white

ones are shown, with pleated skirt and

30—inch jacket, trimmed with insets of

coarse lace. Natural color linen is also

good. One natty suit in natural color has

a Norfolk jacket with patent leather belt

and a modified hobble skirt.



The kimono—sleeved blouse is extreme—

ly popular in tub suits. A one piece

gown with kimono sleeves, short blouse

and bands of Irish or Cluny for belt, yoke

and sleeve trimming is especially natty.



If you will buy a marquisette blouse

do not pick out one that is embroidered

in glaring colors.

dcr, blue or coral. Then, if your neck

is long and your arms scrawny, make a

yoke and long sleeves of tucked net to

wear under your blouse. The short

sleeves and low necks belong only to the

young girl who has not lost her plump-

ness.



Tan suits trimmed with bands of dark

brown are very good. They may be of

linen or cotton voile, according to your

pocket book. If you are sallow, brighten

yours up with pipings of blue.



Pumps of velvet, suede, patent leather

and dull kid all are offered and all are

about equally good as to style. When

buying, however, remember your pocket





 





 





View of Mrs. Wray’s Garden, which is





tcntmcnt may stay the talents, but it

would rather bring them into larger em—

ployment without abuse from the spirit

of greed.

AN ANSWER TO MRS. S.

Michigan Farmerz—I want to tell the

readers of the Michigan Farmer who have

trouble with bed bugs, of my experience

~ with them. Four years ago I moved into

a house that was grouted but not plas-

tered and the inner walls were covered

with white building paper tacked on. As

the house looked reasonably clean I had

no thought of trouble until about a week

after, when I was awakened by one bit-





Proof of Her Horticultural Ability.





book. If you can afford to invest in sev-

eral pairs, it is all right to buy velvet or

suede. If not, stick to dull leather or

patent. The cloth soon loses its first

beauty and is never so nice afterwards,

no matter how much you try to fresh-

en it.





Fried Cakes.

Two cups sugar, tw0 cups buttermilk,

one cup cream, one egg, heaping teaspoon





of soda, pinch of salt—Mrs. O.

Waffles.





Two cups milk, half cup cream, two

eggs, two and three-fourths cups of flour,

two teaspoons baking powder, pinch of





 





 





s





I asked my mother what to do

as I remembered as a child we had a





 





Choose delicate laven- E





 





JULY 15, 191].





I





It is an incentive to hunger

to see Uneeda Biscuit made.





All materials are of the finest quality

—clean, nutritious. The dough is

mixed in spotless trays in a spotless

bakery. Rolled thin; baked in wonderful

ovens scientifically heated to give just



the right crispness; then packed into



the moisture-proof packages that



keep them fresh, crisp and



clean till eaten.





Never sold

in bulk





 





 





 





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31113.. o-o-oc-o-n on...

IETAL STAGK GOVEH 00., 25 So. Desplalnos 8L, chioago Addrels . .sma

It not room to write in coupon, write on music.





             





 

 

   





 

 





   

   

 

   

   

 

 





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As sparkling,wholcsome and refreshing as a spring

house icicle. So next time you’re hot or tired

or thirsty, if you’re anywhere near a place that

sells Coca-Cola, go in and give yourself a

real treat.





DELICIOUS -— REFRESHING

THIRST-QUENCHING

5 c Everywhere





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0%,: METAL STACK COVERS





. .





lu





Saves All





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





, For the farmer who raises

hay there are few if any, money and

labor savers that compare with our Cor-

.‘ rugated Galvanized Metal Stack

‘4 Covers. They prevent. tires, avoid hauling ha to

_ \ bar 9, saves barn and shed room, saves all the ay, can

b quickly put. over an unfinished at: ck in event. of rain;

takes but. little space when not in use, as the sheets inter-

- . mesh. A 15-year-old boy can put them up. Two boys

can quickly cover a. stack 20 by 40 feet. Hay men

grater them to barns because of economy and convenience.

l aving on one stack will pay for the cover. Can‘t. be blown

off by wind, and water tight—lasts aldfetime—rust-prool.

Many hay-raisers bale and stack in the field and

cover till wanted for market or use, when cover can be taken ofl’

in sectionl as desired. Bert kind of insurance against loss in

case of burning barn. Farmer Agents III-ted.

Wriu? today for descriptive booklet, price delivered, and

specml agency terms if you want agency. Use coupon





 

 





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salt—Mrs. L. W. L.





When writing to advertisers mention The Michigan Farmer.





11
JULY is, 1911.





(Continued from page 44).





Mexico, caused riots. Troops were com-

pelled to open fire upon the rioters and

several were killed and scores wounded.

Japan offers an exchange of teachers

with the idea of heightening the standard'

of her schools. The offer has been ex-

tended ;to America and arrangements will

undoubtedly be made to accept.





“’hile large parts of America is parched

with intense heat and for lack of rain,

Bulgaria is suffering from great floods

which extend over the southern part of

that country. It will be impossible to

know the number of persons who have

perished during the storms and the dam-

age to property is estimated to have

reached the $20,000,000 mark.





It is reported that representatives of

the great steel manufacturers of the

world are organizing a world trust in

Brussels through which organization they

hope to regulate prices and co-operate

in the production of steel products.





The powers will decide the fate of

Morocco, which country has promised to

be a subject of international trouble for

many years past. France, Germany.

Spain, Great Britain and Russia are the

countries interested.



Building workers to the number of 25,-

000 are reported to have gone on strike in

Paris to enforce a demand that the sys-

tem of piece work be abolished and that

their wages be raised.



The government of Jamaica has au-

thorized the state department to enter

into negotiations with Washington for

the arrangement of a penny postage be-

tween that island and Panama.



The German consul at Berlin has jus-

tifled the act of the Spanish authorities

in seizing a German steamer loaded with

munitions of war believed to be consigned

to Portuguese roayilsts In Spain.



Russia has launched the second of her

dreadnaught type of battleships, the Pol-

tava.



Maria Pia, who was queen dowager of

Portugal prior to the dethronement of

King Manuel. died at Turin, Italy. July 5.



The French cabinet resigned last week.





 





 





SOME GOOD MICHIGAN FAIRS.





 





Lenawee County Fair will he held at

Adrian, Sept. 25-30 inclusive. This is the

thirty-fourth annual fair and Secretary

F. A. Bradish promises that it will be

the best ever.



Sanilac County Fair will be held at

Sandusky, Sept. 5—6-7-8. An excellent

program of races has been arranged for,

alsoa large premium list. This will be

thefou-nteenth annual fair the association

has held. “'alter Harrison, R. F. D. No.

4, Mariette, Mich., Secretary.



Osceola County Fair will be held at:

Evart, Q'ct. 3—4-5. The secretary, Mr. W.

E.;Davis, extends a cordial invitation to

all.;‘egth bitors and visitors and promises

feline rust enjoyment to all.



A‘rinainglirair, held under the auspices

of The. Armada Agricultural Society. will

be held 'Oct. 4-5-6 at Armada. Mr. Orvy

Hulett. the secretary, writes that the

thirty-ninth annual fair will be the larg—

cst and best fair ever held and prospects

were never brighter.



Deckerville Fair. You. your family and

your friends are most cordially invited

to be our guests at this fair, to be held

at Deckerville, Sept. 12-13-14. \N'c should

be pleased to entertain you each day.

Don't fail to come, we will make it pleas-

ant and profitable for you. John Baird,

Secretary.



Caro Fair and Night Carnival, Aug. 28

to Sept. 1, will he the greatest of all

Northern Michigan fairs, excelling even

that of last year when nearly (30,000 ad-

missions were registered. Two aeroplane

flights daily, horse races, and dozens of

other free attractions are features book—

ed, representing an outlay of $6,500. The

night carnival, such a success last year,

will be something magnificent with its

$500 fireworks display nightly. Ewing’s

world‘s fair Zouave band and a gorgeous

midway are also booked.



Marquette County Fair will be held at

Marquette, Sept. 4—5-6-7-8. This is the

big fair of the upper peninsula and this

year'promises to be better than ever.

Mr. \V. A. Ross is secretary.



Flint River Valley Fair will be held

Sept. 27—28—29 in Montrose township, (:en«

cssee county, near Burt. The Agricul-

tural Association cordially invite exhibit—

ors and visitors to help them make this

the best and largest of their fairs. David

McNalley, of Burt, Mich., is secretary.



Mecosta County Fair (17th annual) will

be held at Big Rapids, Sept. 19—22 in-

clusive. As usual, exhibitors and visitors

will find a large prize list and the best

accommodations. The secretary is Mr.

N. D. Hopkinson.



Imlay City Fair will be held Oct. 3—4-5-6

at Imlay City. The Live Stock event of

the big Thumb district. The best free

attractions of any fair are seen this year.

Large premiums in each class. The big-

gest little fair in the eastern part of

Michigan. Mr. Frank Rothsburg is sec—

rotary.



Southern Michigan State Fair will be

held at Benton Harbor, Sept. 26-27—28—20.

Mr. Fred Felton, the secretary. states

that the fair prospects are better than

ever this year and that the premiums

have been increased in many instances.

Also that the grounds have been enlarged

and improved.



The Allegan County Agricultural So—

ciety hold their annual fair this year,

Sept. 26—29 inclusive, and are planning

to make the agricultural features better

than ever before. \Vithin the past four

years some extensive improvements have

been'made for the better accommodation

of live stOck displays, and the premiums

are liberal and competition open to the

state. This year there Will be a large

special prize for the cow givmg the most

pounds of butter-fat during the fair.—

A. H. Foster. S60-





 





The Tuscola County Agricultural Soci-





l, M}! 1 .. ,... U





'THE MICHIGAN FARMER. (15) 51





ety will hold their forty-sixth annual fair

at Vassar, Aug. 22-25. in connection with

the Michigan Shortship Racing Circuit,

Old Tuscola county always carries away

her share of prizes from the State Fair,

and the stock breeders are preparing the

largest exhibit in our history at Vassar’s

1911 fair. The management have closed

a contract with the great aviator, Charles

Morox, to give two flights each day, and

will give the horsemen purses aggregat-

ing $4,800. Wm. Grant, secretary.



Interstate Fair, to be held at Kalama-

zoo, Sept. 4-5—6-7-8, is for Southern Mich-

igan and Northern Indiana. A fine rac-

ing program. a midway full of shows and

several free attractions have been ar-

ranged for. The premiums for live stock

and other exhibitions have been increased

and the most competent men will have

charge of the different departments. Wm.

P. Engelman is secretary.



Ionia County Fair will be held at Ionia,

Sept. 27-28-29. Every effort is b,’ g

made to make this the best fair ever eld

here and indications are that the man-

agement will succeed in doing so. Ex-

hibitors as well as visitors are assured

a Square deal and profitable enjoyment.

E. F. Siye, secretary.



Huron County Fair, at Bad Axe. Oct.

3-4—5-6. If the forty—second annual fair

is not the most successful ever held it

will not be the fault of the management.

Everything possible to give exhibitor and

visitor a profitable and joyous time has

been arranged for. Mr. Henry Stewart is

secretary.



Eaton County Fair will be held at Char-

lotte. Sept. 26-29 inclusive. The fair this

year will be up to our usual standard,

which is to have every department of the

fair well represented. Our aim is a well—

balanced fair, and we also endeavor to

get our people interested to the extent of

bringing articls and stock for exhibition

as well as to attend. We pay particular

attention to our races, which are second

to no county fair in the state—V. G.

Griffith, Sec.



Fowlerville Fair will be held at Fowler—

ville. Oct. 10-11-12-13. Secretary George

A. Newman is satisfied that this year's

fair will far surpass that of last year in

every way. No effort has been spared to

make this fair a period of instruction and

enjoyment for all who attend.



Thumb District Fair will be held at

Port Huron, Sept. 12~15 inclusive. This

fair has been increasing in importance

and this year will compare favorably

with some of the state fairs. A line rac-

ing program, many free attractions and a

large exhibition has been arranged for.

John S. VVittlift‘, Sec.





 





MICHIGAN FAIRS FOR 1911.



The following contains the dates of all

Michigan Fairs of which we have re—

ceived advices to date. Most of the

dates were received from official sources

and we should be pleased to receive oifi-

cial confirmation of the others and ofiicial

information of any other local fairs to be

held this year. The list is arranged as

follows: First, the fair; second, where

it is held, and third, the date:



Cass City, Cass City, Aug. 22-25.



Tuscola Co.. Vassar. Aug. 22—25.



Caro, Caro. Aug. 29-Sept. 1.



Flint, Flint, Aug. 29—Sept. 1.



Bay Co., Bay City, Sept. 2-8.



Antrim Co., Bellairc, Sept. 4-7.



inter State, Kalamazoo, Sept. 4-8.



Marquette Co., Marquette, Sept. 4-8.



Howard City, Howard City, Sept. 5—8.



Sanilac Co., Sandusky. Sept. 5-8.



\Vcst Michigan State, Grand Rapids,

Sept. 11-15.



Deckerville, Deckcrvillc, Sept. 12—14.



Thumb District, Port Huron, Sept.

12—15.



Menominee Co., Menominee, Sept. 12—15.



Charlevoix Co., East Jordan, Sept. 13-16.

13Ijorth Branch, North Branch, Sept.



" 0.



Michigan State, Detroit, Sept. 18—27.



Berlin, Berlin, Sept. 19-22.



Calhoun Co., Marshall, Sept. 19-22.



Mecosta Co., Big Rapids, Sept. 19-22.



()ceana Co., Hart, Sept. 19-22.



Olsego Co., Gaylord, Sept. 19-22.



, South Allegan and West Ottawa Co.

llolland, Sept. 19-22. ’



Aliegan Co., Allegan, Sept. 25—28.



Lenawee Co., Adrian, Sept. 25-30.



(‘hcboygun Co., \\'olvcrine. Sept. 26-29.



(Topper Co., l~ioughton, Sept. 26-30.



I'Iuton Co., Charlotte. Sept. 26-29.



Southern Michigan State, ' ~-

lior. Sept. 26~29. Benton Hal



Flint River Valley. Burt, Sept. 27-29.



Ionia Co., Ionia, Sept. 27—29.



, St. Joseph Co., Centcrville, Sept. 27-29.



Hastings, Hastings, Oct. 2—7.



l-lillsdale, llillsdale, Oct. 2-6.



Gladwin Co., Gladwin, Oct. 3~5.



’lluron Co., Bad Axe, Oct. 3-3,



lmlay City, lmlay City, Oct. 3-6.



Osceola Co., Evart, Oct. 3—5.



Armada. Armada. Oct. 4-6.



Arenac Co., Standish, Oct. 5-7.



Fowlcrville, Fowlerville, Oct. 10-13.



State Fairs and Expositions.



North Dakota, Fargo, July 17-22.



Iowa. Des Moines, Aug. 24-Sept. 1.



Canadian National, Toronto, Aug. 26-

Scpt. 11.



Ohio. Columbus, Aug. 28-Sept. 1.



Indiana. Indianapolis, Sept. 4-8.



\Vcst Virginia. Wheeling, Sept. 4—8.



Minnesota, H‘amline, Sept. 4—9.



Nebraska, Lincoln, Sept. 4-8.



South Dakota, Hur n, Sept. 11-15.

“W‘Sst Michigan, G and Rapids, Sept



\l'isconsin, Milwaukee. Sept. 11—16.



Ixentucky. Louisville. Sept. 11-16.



New York, Syracuse, Sept. 11-16.



Michigan. Detroit, Sept. 18—27.





26“glisconsin Interstate, LaCrosse, Sept.

Southern Michigan, Benton Harbor,





Sept. 26-29.



Illinois, Springfield, Sept. 29-Oct. 7.



I wish to say that I have used your

machine for nearly nine years and it has

never been out of repair, and is just as

good as new. Would not use any other.



, SUBSCRIBER.





 





 





 





 





 





r





You Can Now Buy the

Famous Chalmers “ 30 ”

Fully Equipped --$1 5 0 0





This 1912 car, at its new price, in-

cluding full equipment and all the 1912

improvements, sets a new standard of





motor car values.



Last year this car sold for $1750, equipped

with magneto, gas lamps, top and windshield.

Think of it this year—refined and improved in

every possible way, with thoroughly ventilated

fore-door bodies, inside control, magneto, gas

lamps, Prest-O-Lite tank, and including also

Chalmers mohair top and automatic wind-

shield—for $1500!



Please remember that this is the sturdy car

that was driven 208 miles a day for 100 days in

succession; that made the trip from Denver to

Mexico City; that has never been defeated in

any sort of contest by a car of its own price



‘ and power; that holds the world’s light car

speed record; that won the hardest Glidden

Tour ever held.

Remember that this car'has given satis-

factory service to 15,000 owners; that it is





backed by an absolute guarantee for a year.

We really believe, whether you buy a Chalmers or

not, it is worth your while to see the new cars.

We shall be véry glad to send you our new catalog,

and an introduction to our dealer nearest to you.





Chalmers Motor Company. Detroit. Mich.





 





Elk monogram on tfie‘

mathfor stands far all !

ya can art in a molarcw',





5-pauenger, $ 1 500





Including magneto, gas and of] 10mm,

Pravt-O-Lile tank, (at). windshield. fare-

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ger Torpedo, andPony Tormeau and Tor-

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ELECTRIC

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ENGINEERING 00.

Lansing, Mich.





 





 





 

 

 

 





   





Rye serves the double purpose of a

ore ye covercrop or a grain crop. In either



case it pays to use the right kind of

fertilizer on it—the kind that contains enough Potash to balance

the phosphate. The mixtures we have told you to use on wheat

are suitable for rye, but the





,___ POTASH





' may be even higher, since ryc uses

- E more Potash than wheat.





Use‘trom 200 to 400 pounds per acre of a

fertilizer containing 6 to 8 per cent. of potash.

If your dealer does not carry potash

salts, write us for prices stating amount

wanted, and ask for free books on Fall

Fertilisers and Home Mixing. They

will show you how to save money and

increase profits in your fertilizer pur-

chases. Potash Pays.





GERMAN KALI WORKS. Inc.





Baltimore: Continental Bldd.

__ Chicndo: Monadnock Block

New Orleans: Whitney Central Bank Bidd-





 





 





When Writing to advertisers mention the Michigan Farmer
.(16)





52





VYVYYY‘YVYVVVVVVVYYYVVVV





‘HORTlCULTUREi





AAAAAAAAA‘AAAAAA1ALAAAAM





RENEWING STRAWBERRY BEDS.





 





 





 





 





The strawberry season is drawing to a.

close, and as fast as we finish picking a

patch we mow the vines, rake off the

mulch and put it in shape to get ready

for another year. The first patch re-

newed was a small plot grown for plants.

Practically all of the plants had been

taken up except the old plants which

were left to renew the bed. These were

about three feet apart in the row. \Ve

usually let these fill in the rows and keep

the plant patch for‘a fruiting patch an—

other season, but this year our newly

set propagating bed made such poor

growth that we decided to work over the

old bed for our plants next year. Ac-

cordingly we mowed it as soon as the

best of the berries were off, raked off the

mulch, using hand rakes to get it clean,

ripped up the soil thoroughly between

the rows with a five-tooth cultivator,

and hoed out the rows. We did not use

the plow as these rows were too narrow

to use it to advantage, 30 inches, and

we did not put on the spike tooth har-





 





 





THE M'ICHIGAN FA'RMER'.





tions. Where the rows are plowed and

then harrowed down a little mulch will

not bother as 'much as where they are

cultivated out without plowing.





If the mulch was fresh last year it is

stacked up near the patch and used an-

other season. We then take the one-

horse plow and throw a furrow from the

rows to the center, cutting about four

inches deep, and running the landside

quite close to the plants, leaving the un-

plowed strips from nine to twelve inches

in width depending upon the manner

in which the plants were layered. We do

not intend to disturb any of the old

plants, as these were originally layered

and spaced and are located where we

want them. I believe this is preferable

to trying to plow under most of the old

plants and start a new row from the

side of the old one. In plowing the SEc-

ond furrow between the rows the first

one is partially 'filled, so the latter fur-

row is the' deeper unless the rows are

more than three feet wide. This is a

convenience in hoeing out the rows, as

the trash thrown up on the opposite side

is drawn in about the plants, to facili-

tate the formation of new roots above the

old ones.





The plow is followed by the slime-





 





 





 





The illustration shows a portion of the strawberry patch of Mr.





is a very successful Charlevoix county





Durance, who





grower. Last year he picked 7,512 boxes





of berries from an acre and a half of ground and Sold the fruit at 121/30 a box,





a total of $939.

$1.25, a total of $122.50. .

which is a return at the rate of $707.06





He also sold from the same patch,

His sum total from strawberries, therefore, was $1,061.50,





98 crates of small berries at





to the acre.





 





row as there were no more plants than

we wished left, and we did not wish to

tear any of them out. This patch has

now been hoed twice, and the plants are

growing nicely. and will be ahead of the

spring set plants, I think.



We also have two of the fruiting beds

renewal. The latest one, which is still

giving some good berries, will be left un-

til next week. The first operation in re—

newing these buds was to take the horse

and mow the vines off as closely





mower

as we could and still allow the mower

guards to slip over the mulch. During





the picking season the mulch gets trod-

den down so it lies flat and fully as low

as the rows. so one can mow the rows

over it with littie trouble. The mulch

used was marsh hay, and we have found

that we can use this two seasons with

fairly good results. The third season it

is raked up and put around the young

trees. l do not believe it is policy to burn

this material for two reasons: First, it

is too valuable as a mulch, and second

there is too much danger of injuring the

it" the conditions are not just

We tried burning for five years

and have given it up. It is an easy way

of getting rid of the mulch, but it is

what might be called the lazy man's

It is done at the expense of hu—





plants

right.





way.

mus, just as was the plan of burning

wheat or oat stubble or hauling out

straw and burning before plowing. Its

only advantages are that the ground

works nicely after the burning and per-

haps it is more sanitary. Most of our





beds are in young orchards, so burning

Would be out of the question anyway.

in raking the strawberry beds we use

the rake, going over the rows

twice lengthwise, then crossing to get

any patches that may havo lain too low

between the rows for the rake to get

when running lengthwise, also to get the

mulch between the trees when the bed

is in the orchard. At this raking We

also bunch up the winrows as best we

can with the horse rake. If necessary

we finish up any patches that may re-

main with the hand rake. It is essen—

tial to get the mulch off quite clean. so

it will not bother in the later cultiva-





horse





tooth harrow with the teeth set a little

back of vertical. We go over the rows

lengthwise first, which levels down the

back furrows considerably, then cross—

wise, slanting the teeth back a little

more if the ground is mellow. This stirs

the soil in the rows between the plants

taking out some of the weeds and saving

time in hoeing. The harrow is followed

by the garden rake if there is much

soil thrown on the plants, and enough is

raked off them so they will not be

smothered out. The field is then culti—

vated after each heavy rain until Oc-

tober. As soon as the plants have start-

ed well, usually .a week or two after

harrowing if we can get to it by that

time, we hoe out the rows. The plants

are started enough by this time so one

can locate them easily and hoe about

them, cutting out the weeds and grass

and drawing some fresh soil about them

so the new roots will have a suitable

ground to start in. If you have observed

an old plant that has continued growth

you have noticed that the new roots

which are supporting it are near the

surface above the old ones.



If we have clean fine manure avail-

able we give the ground a top dressing

with the manure spreader, putting on

the row attachment so as to spread it

directly upon the rows. This is worked

in by the succeeding cultivation and

hoeing. We aim. however, to fertilize

very thoroughly before the plants are

set so it will not be necessary to use

much fertilizer the second season, as

there is usually trouble from the seeds

contained in the manure.



I have thought all along that the best

crop of strawberries would always be

obtained the year following the setting

of the bed, but since we have discon-

tinued burning, and have worked out the

old beds in this way we have found

that they often give just as good re-

sults as the newly set beds, in fact one

of our renewed beds has picked more

berries to the acre this season than the

new one, and the plants are more thrif-

ty, and the patch more free from weeds

than the bed set last year.



Calhoun Co. S. B. HARTMAN.





ample,





CEDAR RUST OF THE APPLE.



Last year there ‘wa'fls‘a, serious outbreak

of cedar rust or orange ru'sti cf the apple

in the " eastern states. This diSeaSe has

been increasing in severity for the last

three years, and has become a. serious

menace to the- apple industry. This has

occupied the attention of” some of the ex-

perts of the Department of Agriculture,

particularly in the spraying experiments

on the apple. The bureau of plant indus-

try has urgently recommended the cutting

down of the red cedars in the immediate

vicinity of commercial apple orchards,

and after last year’s experience many

cedars were cut down. The disease is

apparently rather difficult to control by

spraying, but is partly preventable.





 





SOME GARDEN CROPS TO SOW

JULY.





 





IN





 





The farmer‘s garden is generally sown

or planted in a single day. The fact

that some crops would mature better if

planted earlier or later makes little dif-

ference. Results from such gardens are

usually adequate to pay for the work

and furnish much variety for the family

table. However, if more care was exer-

cised and more attention given to con-

tinuous planting the usefulnessof the

garden would be ‘multiplied manyfold,

possibly to the advantage of the health

of the farmer and his family and decid-

edly to the advantage of the good wife

in her struggle to serve appetizing meals

l.:oughout the summer and fall. Follow-

ing are some of the vegetables that can

be sown during this month and still grow

crops, with suggestions:





Plant cucumbers about the middle of





the month. Should any blighted leaves

appear pick them off, and spray with

Bordeaux mixture. Ground should be

made rich.



I‘eas can be sown toward the end of

the month. I‘arly varieties should be

used. Plenty of moisture should be pro-





vided that there be no break in the

growth of the plants from the time they

start till the pods are filled.



Bush beans will mature in ordinary

season when sown this month. Provide

for messes by planting them before the

end of the month.



To keep a constant supply of fresh,

crisp lettuce sow seed two or three times

this month. \Vhen too old the leaves are

not relished as they become woody and

of an undesirable flavor.



Rutabagas for winter

now. It is best to get them

middle of the month.



Carrots and beets planted at this sea-

son ‘will make fine dishes before frosts

come. 'l‘hin the rows out well to give

the remaining ones every opportunity of

developing into shapely form. ,_





should be sown

in by the





 





AMOUNT OF FERTILIZER TO USE ON

SMALL AREAS.



The amount of fertilizer to apply to a

small plot of ground, as the gardener is

often desirous of doing to stimulate some

particular plant, is often difficult to de—

termine, and to aid in such instances the

following table is compiled giving the

amount required per square rod, per

square yard and per square foot when it

is desired to add the fertilizer at a certain

late per acre:





 





3

d

e E E

. Q 53.... .13

+1 9’ 4—1 L. 1 u >1 >4 +4114

$3 Se Se 8 q a

g“ a; g” m g” E vi 3'” vi

5-4 5-4 L:

(p.13 .9 N E L‘

<1 9.1-1 <1 Es <1 “£50 «1. 85

100 .1125 1/3 .037

200 1.250 2/3 .073

300 1.875 1 110

100 2.1.00 11/. .147

500 3.125 1% .183

000 3.7.1.0 2 .220

700 4. 375 21/3 257

800 .7. 000 22/3 294

1100 .. 152.. 3 330

1,000 027.0 31.1, .367

1,500 11.37. 1‘ .551

2,000 12.500 2123. .735





It will be observed that the numbers in

the column under amounts per acre and

per square rod represent pounds while

those under amounts per square yard

and per square foot represent ounces.

The amount for other rates than those

mentioned is readily computed; for ex—

if you desired to know how much

to apply on a square rod at the rate of

3,000 lbs. per acre, simply look at the

table, find the amount required at rate

of 1,500 lbs. per acre and multiply the

number by two, since 3,000 is two times

1,500. Your product would be 18.75 lbs.

The same result would be secured by ad-

ding the amounts required per square rod

at 1,000 lbs. per acre and at 2.000 lbs. per

acre, or 6.25 lbs.+12.50 lbs.:18.75 lbs.





powerful





 





 





JULY 15, 1911.





Piano mention the l'lichiznn Former when

writing to advertisers.





SUMMER FALLome.



About the time that this work should

be done our farmers are usually very

busy, and therefore it behooves them to

get the work done as quickly as possible.

The quickest and best way to do this

work is with a Superior Wheel Disc Har-

row and Cultivator. This tool is made in

four, five, six, seven, eight and nine foot

lengths, and they thoroughly turn over

the ground the entireJength of the ma-

chines. The reason for this is that the

discs are set at a permanent angle to the

line of draft and every disc cuts from its

front edge to the rear edge of its neigh-

bor. Therefore they leave no spaces be-

tween the discs that are not thoroughly

stirred. Then, too, each harrow is pro-

vided with a center—cut disc which takes

out the center. Each disc and drag bar

is independent in action and provided

with strong spring pressure and more or

less pressure can be had by means of the

levers. Depth of cut is also

regulated by this means assisted by the

ground wheels. Any boy who can manage

a team can operate 8. Superior Wheel

Disc Harrow and Cultivator, and do more

work in a day with one harrow and one

team than two men and two teams can

do with plows. Send for a Superior

Wheel Disc Harrow booklet to The Am-

erican Seeding-Machine Co., Incorporat-

ed, Springfield, Ohio, read all about it,

and then tell your implement dealer to let

you see one. If he cannot do it, let the

makers know and they will see that you

get one. This harrow is fully warranted

to do everything claimed for it.



[/2





PURE coPPEn C

GABLE nous Per





Fl.





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Dept. J Detroit,fllcll.





Genasco





the Trinidad-Lake-Asphalt Roofing





Find out why natural asphalt makes

roofing that lasts years longer than arti-

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The Kant- leak Kleet waterproofs roof-seams

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The Barber Asphalt Paving Company





Largest producers of asphalt. and largest

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CIDER PnEssEs





THE ORIGINAL MT. GILEAD HY.

DRAULIO PRESS produces more cider ,

from less apples than any other and is a.

BIG MONEY MAKER

Sizes 10 to 400 barrels daily, hand

or power. Presses for all pur-

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turers. not. jobbers.

HYDRAULIC PRESS MPG. 00.,





(Olden and largest manufacturers of older





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   





 





     

 





 





N ew York





 





 

 

 

 

 

   

   





pros": in the worl )





 





Mount Gilead. 0M0





........ TONS HAY





 





 





BALE I811».





Our‘ Cyclone" 3 stroke self feed hay press is

the latest, most powerful and most efficient

press on the mar ket. Each circle of the team

presses in three charges The toll food automatic-

ally puts the bay to t a bottom of the bale chamber.

hese improvements wonderfully' increase capacity

of our presses. ay 1 o r





 





 

   

 





   





 

 





 





SECURED OR- I‘ll RETURNED. l

Free Patent Book. Selling Guide and

List of Buyer: and lion nfoctnrera a!





PA T E N T InventionsA Juice Free. 85nd sketch. ‘





FAINHAI I 80". Any-u .40 F. Sh."lolllnfl0l|oD-c o
'WCRANGE





 





Our Motto—“The Farmer is of more

consequence than the farm. and should be

first improved."





"THE JULY PROGRAMS.





Suggestions for Second Meeting.

(Men’s Part).



‘Song.’



What is the best tool I use?



Which would be more profitable, a rid-

ing plow or a vacuum cleaner?



Solo, in pantomime.



Which would probably be the best in-

vestment, a hay—tedder, a manure spread-

er, or an acetylene gas plant?



\Vhat would be the comparative advan-

tages of a set of reading-course books,

and arbaseball and bat?



If you had your choice,

choose an automobile or a

course, and why?



vReview of the best farm paper I read.



Instrumental music.





(Women's Part).





would YOU

college





Duet. 9



Does education unfit girls for farm life.



Selections from the best womans pa-

er or magazine I know.

p \Vhat is the best drink to send to the

field with lunch on a hot day.



What constitutes good and bad man-

ners at the telephone?



vIllustrated reading. .



(Good Things to Eat).



Custards (with samples) served by five

women.



Wafers (with samples) served by five

men.





 





A HELPFUL LECTURERS’

ENCE.





The subordinate lecturers of Kent Co.

discussed ways and means of improving

the lecture work at a recent conference

held in Grand Rapids. Pomona Lecturer

Mrs. Earl Curtis was in charge of the

meeting and Mrs. J. Spangenberg acted

as secretary. In her opening remarks

Mrs. Curtis spoke of the need of a lec—

t-urers’ preparatory school and expressed

the hope that the next State Grange may

provide for the establishment of such a

school. While commending the issuance

of“ Grange year books, she suggested that

committees having the work in charge

be 'apgtin'ted earlier as it is desirable

that such books be issued as early in the

yea; as possible. It was deemed advis—

able’ tfiéfiflhe committees plan to at least

have all-material for such books in hand

by the'fopeni‘ng of the new year.



“’hen, the lecturers from the different

Grangeswwere called upon, Mrs. \Vhiltal

told how they did things in Algoma

Grange. “She said they kept up the in-

terest by meeting with different members

each’ meeting (as they have no hall) and

having a big dinner and a good program

after dinner. The lecturer of Kinney

Grange said they always had meetings

even if it did thunder and rain. She had

heard that to have an interesting Grange

it was necessary to keep everyone busy,

and busy her members would be while

she was lecturer. Mrs. Spangcnberg told

how to entertain and interest the young

people. She said one way to interest and

entertain was to have perfect order while

a program is being given. No one should

whisper or move about the room as that

would spoil the best of programs. Mrs.

J. Preston spoke of the duty of the lec-

turer to the Grange, and Miss Ethel

Thompson of the duty of the Grange to

the lecturer. The latter voiced the senti-

merits expressed by Mrs. Spangenberg

that the Grange owed the lecturer quiet

and order throughout the program. Mrs.

Giles told what they were doing in Rock-

ford Grange. Words of cheer from sev-

eral others and a good word from a visit—

ing lecturer from an Ohio Grange were

given.



As thoughts and suggestions for the

lecturers to take home to their Granges,

in the hope that they may be of assist—

ance in planning program work, Mrs.

Curtis submitted g the following:



1. Observe special days, such as Flora,





CONFER-





I’omona and Ceres, Mothers’ Day, Lin~

coin, \Vashington and Luther Burbank

days. .



2. Have three rousing temperance





meetings ‘during the year. These should

be public meetings with a public speaker.



3. Organize one or more degree staffs,

one especially for young people.





4. Try a contest for membership. This

brings in new members.

5. Have the penny march, also the





harvest march. The latter should be re-

hearsed frequently so that every member

may be familiar with it.



6. Have drills in ritualistic work, to be

conducted something like an old—fash-

ioned spelling school, choosing sides and

the lecturer asking questions. This is in-

structive and amusing and can be used

often when the program seems a little

dr .



My. A mock trial; the lecturer to choose

judge and jury and announce who will be

arrested and tried at the next meeting.



8. “Illustrate” a passage of bill in con-

gress. _



9. Get a nickel’s worth of mixed nuts.

Pass these around; each member who se-

lects one to give, at the next meeting. a

full account of where and how it grows.

Another evening may be usefully spent

by giving history of all kinds of teas, cof-

fees and‘spices. ‘

10, I A wonder meeting; every article





:1





 





.THE MICHIGAN. FARMER.





,read must be along the line of something





wonderful, both natural and scientific.

A good debate for this meeting is, ”Which

is the greater. the natural wonders of the

old world or natural beauties of Ameri-

ca?" Illustrate as much as possible with

pictures.



11. At some meeting illustrate history

of some country.



The minerals of Michigan with il-

iustrations.



13. Get a Babcock tester and have

some milk tests and complete program

along the line of the cow and how she

ranks on the farm. Patrons should club

together and get a tester and make week-

ly tests of the milk, as also near neigh—

bors should club together and get a

vacuum cleaner.



14. An interesting meeting is an im-

aginative trip to some given point. Illus—

trate this and tell all about the geography

of the country, its people, government

and society.



15. A roll call responded to by "Facts

Worth Knowing;” illustrated.



16. Give an object lesson on different

kinds of millers, worms and insects that

destroy fruits, foliage and vegetables.

Give some formula for destroying them.



17. Have an historical evening.



18. Micnigan day.



19. For the young people have a young

lady tell how to hitch up a horse for a

drive, and a young man how to bake

griddle cakes.



20. Have essays on the conquerers of

the air, and a history of some remote na-

tion, their country, laws, habits and cos-

tumes. Have plays and dialogues, drills,

charades and pantomimes to keep the

young people interested.





 





118 NEW GRANGES DURING APRIL,

MAY AND JUNE.





National Secretary Freeman reports

the number of Granges organized and re-





organized from April 1, 1911, to June MO,

1911, both inclusive, as follows:

‘ Organized.

Colorado ........ 7 Nebraska ........ 5

Idaho ............ 7 New York ...... 14

Iowa ............ 5 Ohio ............ 18

Kansas .......... 2 Oregon .......... 7

Kentucky ....... 1 Pennsylvania . . . 8

Maine ........... 2 Rhode Island 4

Maryland ....... 3 South Dakota 6

Massachusetts .. 1 Vermont ........ 1

Michigan ........ 14 \Vashington .....l3

Missouri ........ 1 -—

Total ........ 118

Flo-organized.

California ....... 1 Pennsylvania 2

Colorado ........ i \\'ashington . . . .. 4

Ohio ............ 1 West Virginia 1

Rhode Island. . .. 3 __





Total





AMONG THE LIVE GRANGES.





Children Present Patriotic Program.—

()n Saturday, July 1, Sparta Grange ob—

served Children’s Day with a patriotic

program. First came the distinguished

guests in costume: Thomas Chapman

represented the “Indian;” Miss Maggie

Stickney, the “Puritan;" Wilfred Cum-

ings, “Revolutionary Soldier;” Miss Ruth

Coster, “Columbia;” August Grawn.

“Boys of '61.” These guests marched in,

taking places at the head of the hall.

Then boys and girls representing the

“Coming Patrons” marched in carrying

flags and all singing “Three Cheers for

the Red. “'hite and Blue." Mrs. J. Span—

genberg, lecturer, read “Our Flag." Then

followed instrumental music by Miss Mil-

dred Symes and a piano duet by Misses

Marjorie Jacobs and Maggie Stickney.

Little Miss Edith Blackall sang a beau-

trful song without the aid of an accom—

paniment, and a vocal solo was given by

Miss Clara Lown. After this program,

which was arranged by Mrs. Eugene

Chapman, the children did ample justice

to the ice cream which was served to

them in cones.



Newaygo Pomona held its June meet—

ing with Lincoln Grange. Though not

largely attended the time was pleasantly

and prolitably spent. The following top-

ics were taken up and discussed in a

general way: “Suggestions toward mak—

ing our Grange more helpful:” “Corn and

its improvementz” “Methods of canning

vegetables:” "Stock on the farm:” “Pre-

paring meats;” “More money for the ap-

ple crop.” Two excellentpapers were

prescntcd by Sisters Flint and Hayes, on

the subjects. “The Grange as an educa-

tional factor,” and “Social part of the

Grange." An original poem, “A Knot of

‘White Ribbon." by Mrs. Handy, was

greatly appreciated. It was decided at

this meeting to hold a Pomona fair this

fall, also an August picnic—Secretary.





A Rally and Picnic will be held by Sum—

ner Grange, of Gratiot Co., in the near

future. This was decided upon at the

meeting held June 24, at which more than

23 of this Grange’s loyal members were in

attendance. As some on the program

were absent and others had a short mem-

ory and forgot to prepare their part, the

program was somewhat short. Roll call

was responded to by each giving some

suggestions on raising flowers. Many

good points were brought out on raising

and, caring for flowers.





 





COMING EVENTS.





 





 





Pomona Meetings.



Berrien County Granges' Annual Pic-

nic, at Hegman Park, Benton Harbor,

Saturday, July 29. D. E. McClure. state

speaker. .



Lenawee Co., with German Grange

Thursday, Aug. 3. Annual Grange rally.



Gratiot Co., with Arcadia Grange, Sat-





urday. Aug. 5. Miss Jennie Buell, state

speaker.



Charlevoix Co., with Boyne River

Grange, Thursday, Aug. 10.



Kent Co. farmers' annual picnic, at

John Ball park, Wednesday, Aug. 16.

Former State Master Horton, state





 





E FARMERS’ CLUBS]





 





 





OFFICERS OF THE STATE ASSOCIAy





TION OF FARMERS’ CLUBS.





 





President—B. A. Holden, Wlxom.



Vice-Pres, J. D, Leland, Corunna.



Secretary—Mrs. C. P. Johnson, Meta-

mora.



Treasurer—Mrs. Lewis Sackett, Eckford.



Directors-A. R. Palmer, Jackson; Wm.

H. Marks, Fair Haven; C. L. Wright,

Caro; E. W. Woodruff, Blanchard; C. P.

ivohnson, Metamora; Patrick Hankerd,



unith. ‘





Address all communications relative to





the organization of new Clubs to Mrs. C.

P. Johnson, Metamora, Mich.





 





Associational Motto.—



The skillful hand, with cultured mind.

is the farmer’s most valuable asset.

Associational Sentiment.—



The farmer, he garners from the soil

the primal wealth of nations.



SUMMER PICNICS.



The Thornapple Farmers’ Club will hold

its annual picnic July 20 at Barlow Lake,

five miles southwest of Middleville, Barry

county. There will be no band, no pro-

gram, no expense. Just an old-fashioned

good time. All farmers will be welcome

to join with the Club in the day’s recrea-

tion.~Cor. Sec.





 





JUNIOR 'CLUB POSSIBILITIES.





One or two of the local Farmers' Clubs

in the state have experimented with the

Junior Club idea with more or less suc-

cess. in these experiments the boys and

girls belonging to the families of the

Club membership have been organized in-

to a junior club, for their development

and for agricultural education and ex—

perimentation, with the idea of not only

benefiting them in an intellectual way,

but of interesting them in the work of

the Club and fitting them for active par—

ticipation in its discussions when they

become. young men and women. It is to

be regretted that this idea has not taken

a firmer hold on the minds of farmers’

club members throughout Michigan, as

this sort of organization is capable of

developing great possibilities. This fact

has been well proven by the success

which has attained the development .or‘





independent organizations of this kind

in other states. In New York, for in-

stance, thcre are in existence several





hundred boys‘ and girls’ clubs which have

been organized primarily for the instruc-

tion of the boys and girls in farming and





farm methods. The constitution which

is adopted as the foundation for these

clubs is givcn in full, with minor changes

for club zilliliuiions, for the reason that

it might u'cll be used by the local farm—

ers’ clubs of the state, the members of





which are impressed with the idczi of dc-

veloping a junior farmers' club along

similar lines. Its text is as follows:

Constitution.

Articlc





l." Numc 41nd Hbjcci.



Section 1. .Nume. This organization

Shall be known as the _, -~ Club.



See. 2. ()bjccts. The objects of this

Club shall bc:



(a) To make the young peorilc of our

town better Acquainted with each other.



(b) to organize contests of various





kinds among the members.



(c) To hold annually on exhibition of

the crops and handiwork included in the

contest.



Article ll.e—-Mcmbcrship,



Scction 1. Membership.

ship of the Club shull

classes—(a) active; (1)) associate. The

active membcrship shall consist of boys

and girls who will faithfully engage in

the work of the Club and enter one or

more of the contests czich ycui'. The as-

sociate membership shall consist of such

people as are interested in the objects of

the Club and will assist in carrying on

the work.



Article III.—Meetings.



Section 1. Meetings. The meetings of

the Club shall be:



(a) An annual meeting for the election

of officers and the transaction of annual

business at the time and place of holding

the annual exhibition.



(b) Special meetings for educational and

business purposes may be held at the

call of the president.



Article IV.—Officers.





Section 1. Officers. The officers of the

Club shall be. a president. vice-president.

secretary, treasurer and an advisory com-

mittee consisting of the President of the

Farmers' Clubs and the superintendent of

schools of the town in which the Club is

located.



Sec. 2. Duties of officers. The duties

of the various officers shall be such as

are usually performed by such officers

in similar organizations. The advisorv

committee shall arrange for public con’.

tests and exhibitions, the procuring and





Tim member—

coiislst of Hip





(17)





57





awarding of prizes and the reporting of

statistics and other information.





Article V. Change of Constitution.





Section 1. This constitution may be

changed at any annual meeting of the

Club by a two-thirds vote of all members

present and voting.





In many other states corn clubs have

been organized by the score, and in ad-

dition to some such associations in our

own state, there are a considerable num- ,

ber of alfalfa clubs in existence. These

organizations are doubtless very benefi-

cial to the practical farmers who belong

to them, which, by the way, are largely

progressive young men, and their success

may safely be taken as an earnest of the

success which would attend the formation

of boys and girls' clubs along similar or

even broader lines for the study of agri-

culture and for exhibitions of the results

of their practical work along the lines in

which instruction is given. The l'nited

States Department of Agriculture is do-

ing a similar work in promoting and as-

sisting the organization of boys and girls'

corn clubs, especially in the south. There

is a general movement toward the organ—

ization of the farm boys and girls along

many lines throughout the country, and

it would seem that the time is ripe for the

organization of Junior Farmers' Clubs in

connection with, and auxiliary to, the

regular organizations now in existence in

many sections of the state. This idea is

submitted and this constitution repro-

duced in order to facilitate the organiza-

tion of such clubs wherever the older peo—

ple became interested in the possibilities

of such a movement. Of course, the form

of the organization can be varied to suit

the local needs in any case, but the con-

stitution as presented will prove helpful

as a working basis, to be modified in any

manner desired. It is probable that lit-

tle active interest will be shown in this

idea. at present, but with tho coming of

the active club season. we trust that some

at least of the active farmcrs' clubs in

the state may work out a plan along

some similar lines for the organization of

Junior Clubs. in which the study of ag—

riculture will be made prominent, and in

which the work undcrtakcn will be broad—

ly educational all along the line, for the

development of the boys and girls into

active and intezcsted members of §he

parent clubs in future years. .-





 





GET YOUR FRIENDS TO ATTEND

THE SUMMER PICNIC.





l__





 





The annual summer picnic can be made

the means of intercsting people who are

not now incmbcrs of a Formcrs‘ Club in

the work of these organizations. Often

people who would make the most useful

Club members do not get interested in

the work simply bccausc no‘ one takes

the trouble to invite them to participate

in any of the meetings. But the picnic

meeting is pro—eminently a social event.

and every Club member should be suiti—

ciently interested in its success to invite

their friends. both in the community and

from a reasonable distance, to attend the

picnic meeting and participate in its so-

cial features. This general reunion ,of

friends will make the occasion more en-

joyable for all, and the result will be that

many who are now outside the Club

membership will become interested in the

work and will either join existing Clubs

or. with a little hpr and encouragement,

organize other Clubs in their home com-

munities. Tho [Farmers Club movement

is i'cnuirkabic in that it has grown in

this spontaneous manner. without the as-

sistance of paid organizers in the forma-

tion of any of the local Clubs. Let the

good work be continued along similar

lines, and help it along by inviting your

friends to attend the summer picnic

meeting of your local Club.





 





CLUB DISCUSSIONS.





 





The Assyria Farmers’ Club held a very

pleasant and interesting meeting at the

farm home of Mr. and Mrs. Ernest Ding-

man, June 14. As the farmers were very

busy in the hay only 80 were present to

partake of the most excellent repast.

President Mayo called to order at 2:30.

Club sang “To Our Pioneers," after which

Rev. Roy “'olf invoked divine blessing.

After a short business meeting Rev. Roy

\Volf gave a talk on “Farming in the

I'pper Peninsula," which was very inter-

esting. He also gave a fine temperance

talk, which was appreciated by all. J.

M. Knapp, of Bellingham. li'ashington,

gave us a fine and interesting talk of his

three years on the Pacific coast, which

all enjoyed. Following a good musical





and literary program the Club adjourned

to meet with Mr. and Mrs. W. E. Brown,

the fourth Saturday in July.
54 as)





W





MARKETS . 3





WWW

DETROIT WHOLESALE MARKET.





 





July 12, 1911.

Grain and Seeds.





Wheat—Although prices here rule a.

fraction of a cent below the figures of a.

week ago, the tone of the trade is firm

with the feeling generally bullish. The

government report estimates the crop at

60,000,000 bu. below figures given out for

June 1, which corroborates the estimates

of private interests made during the

month and serves to anchor the trading

to the present basis. Some relief has

come through the precipitation of moist-

ure in the spring wheat regions where

the crop was fast deteriorating for lack

of rain. It is estimated that the whole

wheat crop will run about 1.2 bushels be-

low an average yield per acre. Threshing

is progressing rapidly in the southwest

and liberal deliveries are being made to

primary markets. One year ago the price





for No. 2 red wheat was $1.06 per bu.

Quotations for the past week are:



No. 2 No. 1



Red. White. Sept. Dec.

Thursday ...... 87% 35%;, .901/2 941,5

Friday ........ 881/2 .86 .9134 .9534

Saturday ...... 88% .86 .9114 .9514

Monday ....... 871/2 .85 .9014 .9414

Tuesday ....... 871A, .85 .9014 .9414

Wednesday “87% .85 30%. ’ .9414





Corn.——While estimates show that the

acreage planted to corn this year was

nearly 2,000,000 larger than in 1910 the

condition of the crop is placed nearly two

bushels less per acre yield. This would

figure out to mean that the crop will be

shorter than the crop a year ago by

something like 175,000,000 bushels. This

condition has stimulated buyers to take

hold of the trade and prices have ma—

terially advanced from the new marks at-

tained a week ago. The price is now

about three cents higher on this market

than a year ago. The local market is

doing very little contracting, because sup-





plies are scarce at this point. Quotations

are:



No. 3 No. 3



Corn. Yellow.

Thursday . . . . . . . . ........ 631;, 041,;

Friday .............q ...... 05 66

Saturday . . . . . . ......... 651/; 66%.

Monday ...... . . . . ......... 651,3 661/2

Tuesday . . . ............... 66 68

\Vednesday ............... 67 68





Oats.——Prices here have fluctuated a lit-

tle during the week but have attained a

new high record for the season by ad—

vancing another cent from a week ago.

The government report gives the esti-

mates of this crop for the country to be

nearly 20 per cent below the ten—year

average. Dealing is firm. A year ago

the price for standard oats was 43c per

bu. Quotations for the week are:



Standard No.3





White.

Thursday . ._ .............. 46% 46

Friday .................... 47 1/2 47

Saturday ................. 48 471/,

Monday .................. 471/2 47

Tuesday .................. , 48 471/2

XVednesday ............... 49 481/2

Beans—The state report shows that





Michigan farmers have planted about, the

same amount of beans as were planted in

1910. The condition of the crop as com-

pared with an average is 91. Prices are

a little below the basis of a week ago.

Quotations are:





Cash Oct.

Thursday ................ $2. ’ ’ $2.12

Friday ..................... 2.20 2.10

Saturday ................... 2.2 2.10

Monday .................... 2.18 2.07

Tuesday ................... 2.20 2.07

'\\'ednesday ................ 2.20 2.10





Clover Seedselh‘iccs are nominal, the

same as figures fixed at the close of a

week ago. The. outlook for a clover crop





as compared with an average for the

state is 87 per cent. Quotations are:

Prime. Oct. Alsike.

Thursday ......... $9.75 $9.25 $9.00

Friday ............ 9.75 9.25 9.00

Saturday ......... 9.75 9.25 9.00

Monday .......... 9.75 11.25 9.00

’l‘ucsdoy .......... 0.75 9.25 9.00

\\'ednesday ....... 9.75 9.25 9.00

Flour, Feed, Provisions, Etc.

F iour.~ *Market is slow with prices

steady. Quotations are:

(‘lcar ................................. $4.75

Straight ............................. 4.65

l'atent Michigan .................... 4.90

('n'diiiary Patent ..................... 4.90





Feed.— #Prices rule on last week's basis;

cut-lot prices on track are: Bran, $27. per

ton, coarse middlings, $26: fine middlmgs,

$23: cracked corn, $22; coarse corn meal,

$22: corn and out chop, $20 per ton.



Hay and Straw.—Mixed hay lower,

timothy steady and straw higher. Quo-

tutions on baled hay in car lots f. o. b.

lletroit are: No. 1 timothy, $21fii‘22: No.

2 timothy, $20; clover, mixed, $186819: 11V?

straw, $8.50: wheat and oat straw, $7.50

per ton.



Potat0ts.—Jl‘he few old potatoes left are

finding sale in the wholesale market at

from 7041801. per bu. for the ordinary

quality.



Provisions.—reli‘nmily pork, $176717.50;

mess pork. $16.50: medium clear, $164017:

smoked hams, 1514W161éc; briskcis. 101/3

«3111/20; shoulders, 101/30; picnic hams,

91/20; bacon, 151,1“. d161/.c; pure lard in

tlerces, 9c: kettle rendered lard, 10c per

lb.



Dairy and Poultry Products.



Butter.—Both dairy and creamery but-

ter have advanced. Burned pastures and

lack of supplementary feeds is reducing

output. Storage people have been active

and aided in the advance. Tone is firm

at the new figures. Quotations are: Ex-





THE MICHIGAN 'FARMER.‘





tra creamery, 24c; firsts, do. 22c; dairy,

17c; packing stock, 160 per lb.



Eggs.——~Still ‘another advance has been

supported by the trade. Supply is de-

creasing. Demand fair. Market is firm.

Fresh eggs, case count, cases included,

are quoted at 15%0 per dozen.



Poultry.—Broilers and turkeys are off

a cent while hens and roosters rule a.

little stronger. Other kinds steady. Whole

market is quiet. Quotations are: Live

——Hens, 13c; old roosters, 10c; turkeys,

14613150; geese, 8@E)c; ducks, 12@13c; broil-

ers, 20fiv21c per lb.



Cheese.—Michigan, old, 170; Michigan,

late, 13ml14c; York state, new, 131%,,»

«0140; Swiss domestic block, 16@180;

cream brick, 13612140.



Veal.~Market higher for best.

101/26011c; choice, 8@9c per lb.



Fruits and Vegetables.



Cabbage.—Steady. Selling at $2.75@3

per bbl. for new.



Pineapples.—$3.50@3.75 per case.



Cherries—«Offerings small. Higher. $2

$2.25 per bu.



Raspberries.——Lower. Red, $4.50@5 per

bu: black plentiful and selling at $1.50@

1.75 per 16-qt. case.



Huckleberrles.—Lower, $1.75@2 per bu.



Gooseberries.—Steady. Selling at $1

per 16-qt. case.



Apples.——New quoted at $1.75@2 per

box.





Fancy,





OTHER MARKETS.





 





Grand Rapids.



Fruit brought the following prices on

the city market Tuesday morning: Ap-

ples, 50717600; currants, $1.50; ,gooseber-

ries, $1.60; cherries, $2.75@3; blackberries





$1.50; black raspberries, $1.25; red rasp-

berries, $1.75; huckleberries, $2.25. Old

potatoes sold at 75c, home-grown new

potatoes at $1.50; peas, $1.50@1.75; cu-





cumbers 30@60c. New hay is worth $17

(II/20, with offerings light on account of the

busy season for farmers. The mills are

paying 80c for new wheat. Both oats and

corn have advanced and are quoted at

48c and 660 respectively. Dressed hogs

are bringing 8(rt81/2c.

Chicago.



VVheat.——No. 2 red, 87%@881,§c; Sept,

901/2c; Dec., 931/;c per bu.



Corn—No. 2, 64@64%c;

Dec, 045;.(3 per bu.



Oats—No. 2 white,

461/2c; Dee, 48%0.



Barlcy.~htlalting grades,

bu; feeding, ‘35QIJ75C.



P-utter.~Speculative interest in the

market has been revived to some extent

by the. falling off in receipts due to the

heat and drouth. Prices advanced a full

cent Tuesday and the undertone is one

of strength rather than weakness.

tations. Creameries, 20@2‘ic;

1861220 per lb.



Eggs—«(100d eggs continue scarce and

the demand has carried prices up 1c 0n

the. better grades. Miscellaneous offer-

ings remain unchanged. Quotations:

Prime firsts, 151/3c; firsts, 141/2c per doz.;

at mark, cases included, 11671111/20.



Potatoes.~ltcceipts of new stock are

increasing slowly. Old stock about gone

and again quoted higher, but continued

high prices have had a. marked effect

upon the demand and the market has a

weak undertone. Choice to fancy old are

quoted at $1.30m»1,40 per bu; good to

choice new, 34.506175 per bbl.



Beans—Market firm with recently ad-

vanced figures ruling. Choice hand-pick—

ed pea beans are quoted at $2.28@2.32 per

bu: prime, 25210611220; red kidneys, $3.25

((13.65 per bu.





 





Sept. 6534c;

471/2@4814c;

$1@1.15 per





Sept.,





dairies,





Hay and Straw.—.\ll grades of hay

firm at an advance of $1 per ton. Straw

unchanged. Quotations: Choice tim—





othy, $246125; No. 1 timothy, $21.50Kri22.;

No. 2 do. and No. 1 mixed, $19@20.50; No.

3 do. and No. 2 mixed, $16@17.50; rye

straw, 3851 8.50; oat straw, $6.50@7; wheat

straw, $6606.50 per ton. .





New York.





htitter.~—l‘rices fractionally higher and

market steady. Creamery specials quoted

at 251/2c; extras, 24%(2



Eggsw—Steady without change in quo—

tations. Business quiet. Fresh gathered





extras, 207/22c; firsts, 1571716c; seconds,

131471114144»; western gathered whites, 17

(d20c.



l‘oultry.—~Dressed ~— Stcady. Turkeys,





127115c; fowls, 12111.6(.151/JC; western broil-

ers, 18012.70





 





Boston.



\t'ool.“ it is not to be expected that a

satisfactory wool market could exist Willi

such uncertain conditions as now sur—

round the market, present. lrowers are

determined to have a price that will cov-

er the. cost, of production and give a lit-

tle margin; buyers do not know what the

manufacturers will allow them for the

fleeces they have gathered and the latter

are in a quandary to know what they

might give and be safe. All three parties

are watching congress, since no one can

tell what will be done. However. it

seems that “the doing" will be delayed

and as a result dealers are venturing a

little farther out from the shore than

has been their habit for the past fort-

night. Transactions for the past week

here have amounted to about 3,600,000

pounds. Fleece wools have not been sold

so closely as have the territories, but

about: the same range of prices are rul-

ing in the producing sections. The in-

quiry on the market here showed in-

creased attention to fleeces and improved

business is noted along that line. The old

stock is practically gone and contracts

are almost entirely for new wools.





Elgln.

Butter.—Market firm at 24c per 1b.,





which is an advance of 1c over last week.

Output for the week, 1,079,000 lbs.





 

   





THE LIVE sTocK MARKETS.

Buffalo.





 





July 10, 1911.

(Special Report of Dunning & Stevens,

New York Central Stock Yards,

East Buffalo, N. Y.)



Receipts of stock here today as follows:

Cattle, 140 cars; hogs. 10,400; sheep and

lambs, 9,000; calves, 1,100.



W'ith 140 cars of cattle on our market

here today, and with 23,000 reported in

Chicago, we quote our market steady at

last week’s prices; a few instances of

100 per cwt. advance where the quality

and fat was just right to suit the pur-

chaser.



lVe quote: Best 1,350 to 1,600-lb. steers

$6.50@6.75; good prime 1,200 to 1,350-1b.

steers, $6.25@6.50; best 1,100 to 1,200-lb.

shipping steers, $5.65@6.25; medium

butcher steers, 1,000 to 1,100 lbs., $5.25@

5.60; light butcher steers, $4.75@5.25; best

fat cows, $4.75@5.25; fair to good do.,

$3.60@4.40; common to medium do., $3@

3.65; trimmers, $2.25@2.75; best fat heif-

ers, $5.50@5.75; good do., $4.85@5.25; fair

to good do., $4.10@4.75; stock heifers,

$3.25@3.50; best feeding steers, dehorned,

$4@4.25; common do., $3.25@3.50; best

butcher and export bulls, $4.50@5; bolog—

na bulls, $3.75@4; stock bulls, $3@3.25;

best milkers and springers, $45@50; com-

mon to good do., $20@30.



Good springers from $3@5 higher; milk—

ers steady. Almost impossible to sell

these common milkers and springers by

the dollar for any kind of satisfactory

price. Have to be sold by the pound.



The hog market opened fairly active to-

day. However, the bulk of the prices

Show a decline of from 5@10c from the

close of last week, with the good quality

yorkers, mixed and mediums selling gen-

erally from $7.15@7.20. Receipts con—

tained quite a. number that showed grass,

and they were slow sale, going from $7@

7.1%. We advise some caution in buying

these lean grassy hogs, as it is impos—

sible to land them at top quotations. Bulk

of the pigs sold around 70 per 1b., and

rough sows from $6.05@6.10, with a few

of the best at $6.15. Stags ranged gener-

ally from $4.75@5.25. Hogs fairly well

cleaned up; market closing steady.



The lamb and yearling market opened

active today, and sheep slow. The most

of the choice spring lambs selling from

$7717.25. Yearling lambs, $5605.50. Few

choice handy wethers selling at $4.25@

4.35; prospects steady for sheep the bal-

ance of the Week.



\Ve quote: Best spring lambs, $771. 7.25;

wethers, $4654.35; cull sheep, $1.50fm3;

bucks, $2.50@2.75; yearling lambs, $5@

5.50; handy ewes, $3.50@3.75; heavy ewes,

$3((i3.25; veals, choice to extra, $8.75@9;

fair to good do., $7@7.50; heavy calves,

$3.50@4.50.





Chicago.

July 10, 1911.





Cattle Hogs Sheep

Receipts today ...... 26,000 35,000 24,000

Same day last year..25,388 36,128 34,693

Received last week...42,359 96,614 94,325

Same week last year.39,927 62,132 90,359





Fat cattle, butcher stock included, sold

all right today, following their advance

last week of 15@25c. Supplies of prime

corn-fed cattle are becoming scarce

throughout the country, and this is es-

pecially the case east of here and west

of the Missouri river, so that predictions

have been made that before long prime

steers will be selling for $7.50. Exporters

are paying as high as $6.60 for steers, and

lots below $6 are hardly good enough to

suit the foreign demand. liogs were ac-

tive once more at steady prices, follow-

ing last week’s advance of 570100, with

sales at $6,306,116.871/2, and the greater

part of the offerings going not far from

top figures. Lots weighing 190 to 240 lbs.

were apt to sell the highest. There is a.

marked decline in the average weight of

the offerings, and the bulk of the hog

“crop” seems to have been marketed

much earlier than usual. Pigs are selling

at $5.5(WUJO, boars at $2.50m3 and stags

at 366571720; according to weight, all

stags being disposed of subject to 80 lbs.

dockage per head. The sheep and lamb

trade was very dull once more, following

last week‘s decline of 50(r((i‘$1 per 100 lbs.

in lambs and 250 in yearlings. Sheep

closed on Saturday not much different





from a week earlier, but ewes were off

today, selling on the basis 0f $2704.35,

while wcthers were quotable at $3715;





yearlings at $3715.75 and spring lambs at

$3617. The percentage of sheep arriving

is yery small. 'lt‘ccdci‘s are paying $37560

4.2:, for range yearlings and $3.50613.75 for

wethcrs, with ewes taken at $250713.



_ Cattle sold extremely well on the open-

ing day of last week, with an unusually

meager supply for Monday, country ship-

pers having held back supplies, as they

were afraid of the bad state of trade

usually seen just before the Fourth of

July holiday. instead of what they feared,

however, cattle were advanced 10617250

per 100 lbs, the better class naturally

advancing the most and common, grassy

lots the least, and all good fat hooves sold

up sharply. Ry Wednesday a full supply

changed the course of prices, and only

the. choicer kinds retained their Monday

advance, others ruling lower. A sale was

made of 15 head of fancy 1,711-lb. steers

at $7.05, which was the highest sale

recorded since March. The bulk of the

steers sold during the week brought $5.75

(($6.70, the poorer light-weight grassy lots

fetching $4.6061‘5.75 and the best corn-fed

lots going over at $6.50 and upwards. A

good class of steers sold for $6.10 and

over, with medium lots taken around

$5.80 and over, export steers bringing

$5.85@6.50 and fat yearlings selling at

$5.90((D6.90. Cows and heifers sold freely

at $3.40@6.30, fat lots advancing along

with steers, while cutters sold at $28560

3.35, canners at $2@2.80 and bulls at $2.85

@525. Calves were fairly active at $3@

8.25 per 100 lbs., weakening during the

latter part of the week, however, while





   





JULY15, 1911. "





milkers and springers had a moderate

sale at $30@65 per head, the poorer.cows

selling to killers. The hot weather tended

to check the trade in stockers and feed-

ers, and even the stock yards speculators

were not disposed to buy a great many,

causing some weakening in values. Stock-

ers sold usually at $3@4.90 and feeders

at $4.15@5.15, a few prime feeders being

quoted as high as $5.40. Not many stock-

ers sold below $3.40, and pretty good

feeders just as they were shipped from

the country brought $4.75@4.85, while

stock and feeder heifers found buyers at

$2.90@4.20. Now that the holiday week

is over, a return to normal market con-

dition may be expected, but country ship-

pers should be careful to prevent glutting

the market with grassy cattle. Distil-

leI‘Y-fed steers have sold well at $6.50@

6.70, and Texas Steers brought $4.45@5.35.



'Hogs, like cattle, made still another

high record for the season by selling last

week up to $6.95 on good buying. The

Tuesday holiday resulted in curtailing

the week’s receipts materially, but it was

impossible for sellers to maintain the

Monday full advance of 15@25c, and later

declines took place. The packers have been

manufacturing provisions freely this sea-

son, consumption requiring large amounts,

and there is also a. large demand for fresh

pork products throughout the country,

prices being lower than for other meats.

Chicago stocks of provisions on the first

day of the month aggregated 133,877,000

lbs, compared with 130,301,793 lbs. 3.

month earlier and 91,034,712 lbs. 3. year

ago. Between the good domestic con—

sumption of lard and cured hog meats

and the greatly enlarged foreign outlet,

the hogs marketed are all wanted. The

highest prices have been paid for hogs

weighing around 160 to 260 lbs., bacon and

medium weight butcher lots selling the

best and rough, extra heavy packing hogs

the lowest. Stags have sold highest of

all, and pigs of the heavier weights are

once more in favor, selling as high as the

best matured barrows. Prospects appear

extremely good for the future of the hog

market.



Sheep and lambs, especially spring

lambs of the best grade, had a large

sale for the Fourth of July trade, prices

advancing sharply, but since then lamb

prices have ruled lower on smaller buying

orders. On the other hand, sheep met

with high favor, and prime ewes sold at

the highest prices seen in many months

for full car loads. Breeding ewes have

had a fair Sale at $3.90@4.50 per 100 lbs.,

and feeders sold moderately, several range

offerings being too thin for slaughtering.

Many lambs have been marketed from

west of the Missouri river owing to

drought conditions interfering with fin-

ishing them off properly.



Horses were marketed very moderately

last week, as a poor demand was prac-

tically a foregone conclusion. The mar-

ket showed but scant animation at best,

the auctions being abandoned, and offer-

ings accumulated in the yards, making

feed bills for owners. Prices were largely

nominal for choice horses, and sales were

largely at $100 to $190 per head. F.





 





LIVE STOCK NOTEVS.





0n the strength of a few good seasons





in the southwest the packers have spent.





millions of dollars in erecting packing

houses, notably at such places as Fort

\Vorth and Oklahoma City, but it has

been found that the surrounding territory

is not able to keep them running at the

expected capacity, lean years usually fol-

lowing fat ones, and this appears to be

one of the lean years, owing to the

drought.



Chicago has been getting most of the

choice beef cattle recently, as supplies

east of there, as well as west of the Mis-

souri river, are nearly exhausted. The

diversion of buying orders to that market

has made prices high.



John T. Alexander, a prominent live

stock commission merchant, returned

recently from a trip over the good cattle

feeding districts of Missouri and Illinois

and reported a very moderate or light

supply of cattle eating corn to be market-

ed during the summer and early fall

months. He found early blue grass pas-

tures badly burned up and many cattle

marketed from some sections of the coun-

try that would have been held two or

three months longer had it not been for

the drought. He reported prospects good

for corn in every section visited.



John Clay, who recently made a visit

to the northwestern range country, says

in the Live Stock Report: “Northwest

range conditions all over seem to be good.

There are spots, such as the Belle Fourche,

S. 1)., country. that are in distress, but

on the average Montana, \Vyoming, Col-

orado, Utah and Idaho send in good re-

ports. The writer made a trip west as

far as Cheyenne, \\'yo., and Denver, Colo.

'While there I met a large number of

rangemen from all sections. Grass is

good in nearly every locality. Hay, how-

ever, will be short. As to shipments, it

is hard to make estimates. All of the

above states, excepting Colorado, seem to

be short of cattle. On the Colorado

\Vcstern Slope there are quite a few aged

steers. Much Will depend upon the rain-

fall during the next two or three weeks

as to the number of cattle that will be

shipped. The whole West is bare of cat-

tle, and if there is sufficient feed to Win-

ter stock, all the young cattle will be

carried over. Omaha and Sioux City have

already received quite a liberal shipment

of thin cattle from burnt—out districtS.

From Denver to Chicago corn looks ex-

cellent: in fact, never looked better—

clean, healthy and dark in color. No man

can tell what the future will be so far

as this crop is concerned, but up to date

prospects never were better." '





W ants Farm w0rk“3insle man wants work

W f rm. pe oed

alter Juniawioz, 623 MedbggyaAvg...Dgtfml§:efiioh
JULYV16, 1311. ,

THIS IS THE LAST EDITION.





In the. first edition the Detroit Live

Stock markets are reports of last week;

all other markets are right up to date.

Thursday’s "Detroit Live Stock markets

are given in< the last edition. The first

edition is mailed Thursday, the last edi-

tion Friday’morning. The first edition is

mailed to those who care more to get the

paper early than they do for Thursdays

Detroit LiveStock market report. You

may have any edition desired. ' Subscrib-

ers may change from one edition to an-

other by dropping us a card to that effect.





DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





Thursday’s Market.

July 13, 1911.

Cattle.



Receipts, 841. Market dull and 10@15c

lower than last week; quality common.



We quote: Best steers and heifers, $5.25

@575; steers and heiferS, 1,000 to 1,200,

$4.50@5.2‘5; steers and heifers, 800 to 1,000

$4.25@5; grass steers and heifers that are

fat, 800 to“1-,000, $4.25@5;‘ grass steers and

heifers that are fat, 500 to 700, $3.25@4;

choice fat cows, $4004.25; good fat cows,

$3.50@3.75; common cows, $3@3.25; ca'n-

ners, $1.75@2.50; choice heavy bulls, $3.75;

fair to good bolognas, bulls, $3.50@3.75;

stock bulls, $3@3.50; choice feeding steers,

800 to 1,000, $4.25@4.75; fair feeding

steers, 800 to 1,000, $4@4.25; choice stocks

ers, 500 to .700, $3.75@4.25; fair stockers,

500 to 700, $3.50@3.75; stock heifers, $3.25

@375; milkers, large, young, medium age

$406,150: common milkers, $25@35.



Roe Com. Co. sold Rattkowsky 2 heifers

av 510 at $3.50, 2 do av 795 at $4.50; to





Mich. B. Co. 2 bulls av 785 at $3.50, 32

butchers av 739 at $4; to Parker, W. &

Co. 34 do av 700 at $4; to Mich. B. Co.





11 do av 871 at $4.50; to Goose 4 cows av

790 at $3.25; to Parker, XV. & Co. 1 can-

ner weighing 930 at $2; to Fulton 11

stockers av 690 at $3.75; to Hammond, S.

& Co. 3 cows av 950 at $3; to Sullivan P.

Co. 6 butchers av 600 at $3.25.



Haley & M. sold Sullivan P. Co. 5 cows

and heifers av 806 at $3.90; to Goose 3

cows and bulls av 893 at $3.35, 3 cows

av 1,083 at $3.60; to Mich. B. Co. 19 steers

av 878 at $4.30; to Hammond, S. & Co.

5 butchers av 866 at $4.50, 2 do av 640 at

$3.75, to liatikowsky 1 bull weighing 950

at $3.75, 1 cow weighing 1,150 at $4; to

Applebaum 6 butchers av 763 at $3.85,1

steer weighing 440 at $3.35; to Marx 5

do av 862 at $4.75; to lleinrich 10 butch—

ers av 890 at $4.80; to Sullivan 1’, Co. 8

do av 811 at. $4, 5 do av 572 at $3.35,1

cow Weighing 1,070 at $1, 2 heifers av

585 at $3.60: to (.‘oosc 4 do av 490 at $3.25;

to'Coolcewi'Z steers av 912 at $5, 4 (lo av

1,032 at $5.25, 3 cows av 700 at $4.15; to

Erban Bros.» 3 butchers av 790 at $4.10;

to -LaBoe::5‘do%.av 780 at $4.25; to Sclium’an

7 doav 4106‘ at. $4.75; to Hammond, S. &

Co. 2~covw< am 100 at $4, 1 do weighing 910

at~$~lt255 ttooLowenstein 5 stockers av 632

at,.$3i75.-"2 bulls av 80 at $3.50; to Hersh—

elman (Elsteers av 741 at $4.15; to Hogan

2 heiferS‘mv- 685 at $4.



Bishop, 1%.YI& H. sold Hammond, S. &

Co. 2 bulls av 910 at $3.75, 3 cows av 1,016

at $1 2 do av.925 at $3.25, 2 do av 900

at $3.75, 1 heifer weighing 720 at $4.25;

to liresnahanLJr. 19 stockers av 572 at

$3.85: to Sullivan P. Co. 2 cows av 1,150





at $3.75, do weighing 750 at $3, 1 bull

weighing 1,620 at $3.75; to Erban 10





butchers av 799 at $4.30; to Parker, \V.

& Co. 1 cow weighing 830 at $2.50, 3 do

av 1,083 at $3.50, 1 do weighing 920 at





$2.75, 1 do wcighing 990 at $4, 1 bull

weighing 750 at $3.50, 1 steer weighing





870 at $4.50, 1 cow weighing 710 at $2.50, 4

butchers av 490 at $3, 17 do av 740 at

$4.25: to Heinrich 4 do av 830 at $4.35,

12 do av 821 at $4.60, 2 do av 760 at $4:

to Kamman B. Co. 17 do av 692 at $4.15:

to Regan 9 do av 577 at $3.60, 5 do av 584

at $3.40, 1 heifer weighing 500 at $2.50; to

Rattkowsky 6 butchers av 865 at $3.75; to

Parker, XV. & Co. 2 bulls av 895 at $3.50,

1 do weighing 1,000 at $3.75, 2 cows av

980 at $3, 3 do av 923 at $3: to Lachalt

6 steers av 836 at $4.70; to Hammond, S.

& Co. 8 cows av 1,170 at $4.25, 1 bull

weighing 1,340 at $4.25; to Mich. E. Co.

8 steers av 1,020 at $5; to Thompson

Bros. 13 do av 1,080 at $5.35, 2 do av 915

at $4.25; to Marx 6 do av 761 at $4.35, 2

cows av 815 at $3.20.



Spicer & R. sold Hammond, S. & Co.

30 butchers av 832 at $4.70, 30 do av 742

at $4.30: to Rattkowsky 1 cow weighing

900 at $3.25, 3 butchers av 760 at $4, 1

heifer weighing 620 at $3.50: to Mich. R.

Co. 2 steers av 835 at $4.75, 7 cows av

1,090 at $3.75, 1 cow weighing 1,010 at $3;

to Parker, YV. 8: Co. 1 hull weighing

1,030 at $3.75; to Sullivan P. Co. 10 steers

av 1,056 at $5.35, 1 bull weighing 1,320 at

$4, 1 do weighing 1,040 at $3.5, 1 do

weighing 870 at $3.25, 1 cow weighing

1,030 at $3.50; to Thompson Bros. 1 do

weighing 1,210 at $4, 1 bull weighing 1,000

at $3.50, 6 cows av 1,020 at $3.50, 1 do

weighing. 830 at $2.75, 2 heifers av 785

at $4.50, 1 cow weighing 1,050 at $4; to

Breitenbeck 20 steers av 991 at $4.75.



Reid sold Mich. B. Co. 9 butchers av

15.9 at $3.75.





Johnson sold same 2 bulls av 1,040 at





.Iq.



McLachlin sold same 3 heifers av 773

at $4.



Johnson sold Laclialt 8 steers av 831

at $4.65.





McLachlin sold Kamman 10 steers av





867 at $4.75.

Same sold Rattkowsky 3 cows av 977

at $3.75, 1 bull weighing 640 at $3.50.





Veal Calves.





Receipts, 817. Market strong at last

week’s prices: few choice 25c higher.

Best, 3585065925; others, $4.50@8; milch





cows and springers steady. .



Spicer '& B. sold Applebaum 4 av 15;)

at $7; to Mich. B. Co. 18 av 155 at $8.75,

3 av 140 at $8.50, 5 av 120 at $6.50, 30 av

145 at $8.50: to Sullivan P. Co. 7 av 145

at 8.8.50; 16 av 140 at $8.25; to Goose 2

av 235 zit-$6.50, 19 av 130 at $8.50; to Ap-





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER. I





plebaum 3 av 160 at $8.60; to Burnstine

2 av 100 at $7, 10 av 155 at $9.



Duelle sold Newton B. Co. 4 av 135 at



Bishop, B. & H. sold Mich. B. Co. 9

av 155 at $8.65, 9 av 160 at $8.75, 1 weigh-

ing 150 at $9, 7 av 160 at $9.65, 6 av 140

at $8.75; to Newton B. Co. 2 av 150 at

$7, 13 av 145 at $8.75; to Parker, W. &

Co. 5 av 125 at $7.75, 11 av 135 at $7, 12

av 150 at $8.50, 13 av 140 at $8.75, 6 av

150 at $8, 9 av 160 at $9, 2 av 190 at $6.

7 av 145 at $8.50, 14 av 160 at $9; to

McGuire 27 av 155 at $8.75; to Sullivan

1’. Co. 12 av 160 at $8.60, 2 av 300 at $4,

13 av 160 at $9; to Rattkowsky 5 av 145

at $8.75; to Parker, W. & Co. 11 av 165

at $9, 9 av 130 at $8.75, 15 av 160 at $8.50,

27 av 140 at $8.75; to Thompson Bros. 12

av 155 at $9, 2 av 140 at $7, 3 av 220 at

$5.50, 9 av 135 at $8.50; to Hammond, S.

& Co. 10 av 177 at $8.50, 8 av 150 at $8.75;

to Sullivan 1’. Co. 4 av 100 at $6.50, 7‘av





140 at $9.



Kalaher sold Mich. B. Co. 5 av 160 at

$8.75.



Johnson sold Hammond, S. & Co. 5 av

200 at $8.





Downing sold same 15 av 150 at $8.50.



Lewis sold Sullivan P. Co. 7 av 160 at

8.75. .

$ W'eeks sold Burnstine 17 av 150 at $8.50.



Kotcher & R. sold same 9 av 150 at $9.



W'aterman sold Parker, W. & Co. 18

av 160 at $8.75, 3 av 250 at $6.



Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts, 1,020. Market active and 10@

15c higher than last week, due to light

receipts; with fair receipts would go low-

er. Best lambs, $7.25@7.50; fair to good

lambs, $6@6.50; light to common lambs,





$461.5; yearlings, $4.50@5; fair to good

sheep, $3.25@»3.50; culls and common, $2

(£112.50.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Newton B. Co.





9 yearlings av 92 at $5, 30 lambs av 65

at $7.25, 19 sheep av 70 at $4, 12 do av

100 at $3, 3 do av 100 at $2; to Mich. E.

Co. 20 lambs av 65 at $6.75, 9 sheep av

105 at $3; to Breitenbeck 13 lambs av 55

at $4, 31 sheep av 80 at $3; to Hammond,

S. &. Co. 8 do av 95 at $3.25, 5 lambs av

68 at $7; to Breitenbeck 48 do av 65 at

$6.50, 11 do av 47 at $4; to Sullivan 1'.

Co. 12 do av 50 at $6, 9 sheep av 115 at

$2.25, 5 do av 110 at $3.50, 10 lambs av

48 at $4, 3 yearlings av 90 at $5.50, 11

lambs av 58 at $7. 24 do av 67 at $7.25;

to Fitzpatrick Bros. 28 yearlings av 80

at $4, 16 lambs av 70 at $7.50, 10 do av

69 at $7.50, 27 sheep av 100 at $3.50; to

Barlage 13 do av 75 at $3.50, 21 lambs

av 60 at $7.

Spicer 6’: it. sold Mich. B. Co. 5 lambs

av 70 at $7, 3 sheep av 110 at $3.30; to

Sullivan 1’. Co. 38 lambs av 65 at $7, 7

do av 65 at $7.

Achachlin sold Newton 11. Co. 24 lambs

av 70 at $6.65, 2 sheep av 115 at $3.50.

liuelle sold same 9 lambs av 65 at $7.

Johnson sold Hammond, S. A’; Go. 26

lambs av 70 at $6.75, 2 sheep av 100 at





$3.25.



licency sold Fitzpatrick 32 lambs av

60 at $7.25.



Roe. Com. Co. Sold Mich. 13. Co. 72





lambs av 65 at $7; to Sullivan 1’. Co. 40

do av 75 at $7; to Esclirich 34 sheep av

73 at $3.75, 7 do av 65 at $3.75; to Mich.

.13. (,‘o. 32 lambs av 62 at $7.35, 19 do av

58 at $7, 21 yearlings av 95 at $4.



Haley & M. sold Mich. B. Co. 35 lambs

av 68 at $7, 19 do av 60 at $5; to Eschrich

61 do av 70 at $6.60.





Hogs.



Receipts, 2,114. Market steady at last

Week’s closing prices.



Range of prices: Light to good butch-

ers, $6.75@6.85; pigs, $6.601Ltv6.65; light

yorkers, $6.75@6.80; mixed, $6.65@6.75.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Parker, W. & Co.

916 av 175 at $6.80, 150 av 150 at $6.75.



Itoe Com. Co. sold Hammond, S. & Co.

225 av 200 at $6.80, 162 av 190 at $6.75.



_S£Z;i(;i(rei' & R. sold same 219 av 190 at





Haley & M. sold same 140 av 180 at

$6.80.





CROP AND MARKET NOTES.





 





Ogemaw 00., July 5.——The extremely

hot, dry weather for the past three weeks

has not been the best for oats and po-

tatoes, although they are both looking

fairly well in the eastern part of the

county. Corn is coming on nicely and

wheat as a rule is good. Hay, especially

in old meadows, was hurt by the hot

weather but on the whole the crop is an

average one at least, and is about half

put up at this writing and little of it hurt

in the making. Prices on butter and eggs

are still low. Butter, 15c; eggs, 13c, but

the creamery is paying around 20c for

cream. Strawberries were almost a fail-

ure this season but other berries promise

well. Cherries were a poor crop and ap-

ples promise still less. Plums are almost

always good here. both in quality and

price. Butcher stock is short and local

{3118312 dealers are buying meat from the



0X.



Genesee Co., July 5. Excellent hay

weather, almost too hot for the workers

100 (legs. in the shade today at noon:

\Vheat ripening up fast and will be ready

for the machine soon. All cultivated crops

growmg well but in need of rain. Beans

and beets look exceptionally well so far.

Late potatoes hardly out of the ground.

Corn about average. Farm help scarce.



Ohlo. -‘



Wayne 00., July 3.~The first part of

last week was very wet, having had two

heavy rains, making the ground wet and

soggy so it could not be worked. Haying

now in progress. There has been quite

a bit of hay made already. XVheat ripe

and is_be1ng cut. Harvesting early, and

wheat is very thin and going down, being

injured with the fly. Harvest hands are

scare. The heavy rains of last week

injured the corn some but it is doing very

well. Oats looking good and the harvest

will be here in a short time. Late pota-

toes are looking good, bugs not being

bad at present.





 





Illinols.

Warren 00., July 4.—June has been the

hottest and dryest month on record, only





a shower and one light rain during the

whole month, with the temperature as

high as 103 in the shade. Farmers are

cutting wheat but it will hardly pay the

expense of cutting.‘ Gardens are not do-

ing anything and early potatoes are a

failure so far. We always have new

home—grown potatoes by the Fourth, but

there are none this year. Corn is doing

fine in spite of the dry weather and if we

get rain in a few days there will be a

bumper crop. Hay is the shortest crop

in years, going about a half ton to the

acre and is selling for about $15 per ton

in the field. There are prospects of a

good crop of apples and peaches. Cher—

ries are about all picked, with an over

SUPPLY; they are selling from $1 to $1.50

per bu. picked. Uld potatoes are selling

for 2.25; new, 70c per peck.. Corn is

bringing 50c; oats, new, August delivery,

38c; wheat, new, August delivery, 78c;

hay, old, $12 to $16 a ton; butter, choice,

20c; eggs, 11c.





NATIONAL CROP REPORT.





.—





 





 





The crop reporting board of the United

States Department of Agriculture finds

the condition of the principal crops on





.July 1, and the indicated yield per acre





and acreage of crops not previously re-

ported On, to be as follows:

Corn—Condition, 80.1 per cent of a

normal, compared with 85.4 per cent in

1910 and 84.7 per cent the average for





the past ten years on that date; indi-

cated yield per acre, 25.5 bushels, com-

pared with 27.4 bushels, the 1910 final





yield, and 27.1 bushels, the average for

the last five years; area planted to corn





this year 115,939,000 acres, compared with ‘





114,002,000 acres in 1910.



Winter \Vheat. Condition, 76.8 per cent

of a normal, compared with 80.4 per cent

on June 1, 1911, 81.5 per cent in 1910,

and 81.4 per cent, the 10-year average:

indicated yield per acre, 14.6 bushels,

compared with 15.8 bushels in 1910, and

15.5 bushels, the five-year average.



Spring \\‘heat.»«Condition, 73.8 per cent,

of a normal, compared with 94.6 per cent

on June 1, 1911, 61.6 per cent in 1910,

and 87.8 per cent, the 10-ycar average:

iinlicated yield per acre, 11.8 bushels, coin-





 





purcd with 11.7 bushels in 1910 and 13.5

bushels, the five-year average.

All “meat—Condition, 75.6 per cent,





of a normal, compared with 86.1 per cent

on June 1, 1911, 73.5 per cent in 1910. and

84.4 per cent, the. 10—5'car average; indi-

cated yield per acre, 13.5 bushels, coni—

lliircd with 14.1 bushels in 1910 and 14.7

bushels, thc five—year average.



The amount of wheat remaining on

farms July 1 is estimated at about 38,-

288,000 bushels, compared with 38,739,000

bushels on July 1, 1910, and 37,701,000

bushels, the average amount on farms

July 1, for the last five. years.



tints—Condition, 68.8 per cent, of a.

normal, compared with 85.7 per cent on

June 1,, 1911, 82.2 per cent in 1910, and

86.3 per cent, the. 10—yczir average; indi-

cated yield per acre, 23.2 bushels, com-

pared with 31.9 bushels in 1910 and 28.4

bushels, the five—year average.



Barley. Condition, 72.1 per cent of a

normal, compared with 90.2 per cent on

June 1, 1911, 73.7 per cent in 1910. and

87.9 per cent, the 10-year average; indi-

cated yield per acre, 20.9 bushels, coin—

parcd with 22.4 bushels in 1910 and 24.8

bushels the iive»year average.



Rye—Condition, 85 per cent of :1 nor—

mal, compared with 88.6 per cent on June

'1, 1911, 87.6 per cent in 1910, and 90.8 per

cent the 10—yeui- average; indicated yield

per acre, 15.5 bushels, compared with 16.3

bushels in 1910 and 16.4 bushels the live-

ycar average.



'VVhite l’otatoes.—Condition, 76 per cent

of a normal, compared with 86.3 per cent

in 1910 and 90.4 per cent the 10—year av-

erage; indicated yield per acre, 81.7 bush-

els, compared with 94.1 bushels in 1910

and 96.9 bushels the five-year average;

area. planted, 3,495,000 acres, compared

with 3,591,000 acres in 1910.



Flaxr—Condition, 80.9 per cent of :1 nor-

mal, compared with 65.0 per cent in 1910

and 87.8 per cent the eight-year average;

indicated yield per acre, 8.6 bushels.





 





 





 





MICHIGAN CROP REPORT.





 





VVheat.—'l‘he reported excellent condi-

tion of wheat for April and May, indi-

cated for the state a yield of at least 20

bushels per acre, but the ravages of the

Hessian tly in the southwestern portion

of the state caused a number of corres-

pondents to estimate the yield at from

3 to 10 bushels, probably their estimate

may prove too low after threshing and

this department still hopes for a return

of 20 bushels per acre.



The average estimated yield in the state

is 18, in the southern and northern coun-

ties 17, in the central counties 20 and in

the upper peninsula 22 bushels per th'l'e.

The total number of bushels of wheat

marketed by farmers in June at 90 mills

is 131,082, and at 78 elevators and to grain

dealers 151,821, or a total of 282,903 bush-

els. Of this amount 222,601 bushels were

marketed in the southern four tiers of

counties, 48,687 in the central counties

and 11,612 in the northern counties and

upper peninsula. The estimated total

number of bushels of wheat marketed in

eleven months, August—June, is 13,700,000.

The amount of wheat yet remaining in

possession of growers is estimated at 1,-

500,000 bushels. Fifty mills, elevators and

grain dealers report no wheat marketed

in June.



Rye—The average estimated yield of

rye in the state, central and northern

counties is 15, in the southern counties 14





and in the upper peninsula 22 bushels

per acre.

Corn—The condition of corn in the





state is 92, in the southern counties 93,

in the central counties 90, in the northern

counties 89 and in the upper peninsula,

97. One year ago the condition of corn

in the state was 79.



Buckwheat—The acreage of buckwheat





 





as» 55





sown or to be sown, compared with an

average for the past five years in the

state is 81, in the southern and northern

counties 82, in the central counties 75 and

in the upper peninsula 99.



Beans—The acreage of beans

or to be planted, as compared with an

average for the past five years in the

state is 100, in the southern counties 92,

in the central counties and upper penin-

sula 103, and in the northern counties 112.

The condition of beans, compared with

an average in the state is 91, in the

southern counties and upper peninsula

94, in the central counties 93 and in the

northern counties 85.



Potatoes—The condition of potatoes in

the state is 91, in the southern counties

92, in the central and northern counties

88 and in the upper peninsula 96.



Sugar Beets.——’1‘hc condition of sugar

beets in the state and central counties is

92, in the southern counties 91, in the

northern counties 90 and in the upper

peninsula 97.



Clover.—The condition of clover sown

this year, as compared with an average,

in the state is 87, in the southern coun-

ties 81, in the central counties 91, in the

northern counties 90 and in the upper

peninsula 101. The acreage of clover that

will be harvested, compared with an av-

erage for the past five years, in the state

is 83, in the southern counties 77, in the

central counties 88, in the northern coun-

ties 89 and in the upper peninsula 94.



Timothy—The acreage of timothy that

will be harvested, compared with an av-

erage for the past five years, in the state

is 89, in the southern counties 87, in the

central counties 93, in the northern coun—

ties 91 and in the upper peninsula 98.



Peas—The acreage of peas sown or to

be sown, as compared with an average

for the past five years in the state is 84,

in the southern counties 87, in the central

counties 77, in the northern counties 79

and in the upper peninsula 109.



Fruit—Reports from correspondents

show a slight decline in the percentage

of apples, peaches, pears and plums from

figures given last month.



The prospect for a crop of peaches in

the counties included in the Michigan

Fruit Belt is as follows:





planted





Allegan 8:

liei'rien ................................ 85

lonia .................................. 77

Kent .................................. 84

Ottawa ................................ 79

Van Buren 82

Muskegon ............................. 91

NeWago ................................ 95

()ceana ................................ 9‘.’

Renzie ................................. 78

lieelanau .............................. 69

Manistee .............................. 80

Mason ................................. 100

Average for ZV'lichigun Fruit 3011 ...... 84

Average for Michigan Fruit 13011, 1910 39





The following lililltl or percentage gives

the averages in rccurd to fruit in the

state and the different sections:



Prospect for an Average Crop:





4.. ’





 





72' c m' 5"

... o L a) 5

. g: 9: a:

53 a I: 3‘: :: 513E

H s a ~ ...

ES ’5. : ,3 E Pd.)

7. ; C: /. 2; ~12

Apples, per cent .49 37 46 89

Peaches. per cent. . .75 72 77 80

l’ears, per cent ..... 68 64 56 68

Minus, per cent. . . .68 61. 59 68

()rchards, per cent





3



l

H}

r—





that are cultivate-(1.39 35 36 55

Trees, Condition of ' ‘



last spring’s set—



ting, per cent ..... 82 84 79 82 78

Grapes, per cent. . . .88 91 84 76 100

Black Raspberries,



per cent ......... 88 90 82 89 93





FARMS AND FARM [ANDS

FUR SALE [Ill EXGHANBE





I SELL FARMS irSitOEeana,FbesttCOii(nty' in United

, a cs. 1- , ‘ ' , ~, ,

Poultry. Write forlist. J. s. HA‘iison' rigs. {MET-ii.

NEW YORK GREAT FARM BARGAINS near





Ithaca and Cornell university: 1' r il‘ ,

free catalog. KEEBER .i BARBER“, {mill-EC, $51.“):





FARMS WANTED—V e have d_irict buyers. Don't;



‘ ‘ . pay commissions. Write dos-

cribing property. naming lowest price. “'9 help bum

are locate desvrahle property FREE. American Invest

wont; Association, 3 Pa ace Bldg. Minneapolis. Minn:





when you can buy

the Best Land in

Michigan at from

$6 to $10 an acre





near Saginaw and Bay City. Write for ma- d ; .

ticuiars. Clear title and easy terms. Sta chIBiPci:

)owiicrs) 15 Merrill Bldg. Saginaw. W. S. Michigan:





Literature will be sent to any one. in-

terested in the wonderful Sacra-

mento Valley, the richest valley in

the world. Unlimited opportunities. Thousands

of acres available at right prices. The place for

the man wanting a. home in the finest climate on

earth. No lands for sale; organized to give reliable





11111173331334.108118313679 0 IT '



Socizltion, S.\(‘IL{;\I$11CN’1‘8, a I ornla

MAKE M I



GANAD ONEY In a





on the shores of Lake Huron in tliecouiity

oi Lzunbtzon, where. the profits are. large

sure and increasing every year. Improved

land ofiers profits from the start to fruit

growers. dzurymcu and farmers. Bic

local and export,- markets, and cash price;

Land prices are low and small hero-ago

yields .heavy :returns. Soil and climatic

conditions unexcelled.

Send for FREE Booklet issued by County

of Lambton Supervisors. Address



A. B. INGRAM, County Treasurer.



SARNIA, ONTARIO. CANADA-
11-4“





 





lea?» .-

ea\\\‘\ .

§§§§3





_ {Q37 A‘ ‘





5 —1’asse7zger Yourz’ng Car, $1, 5 00





// .;.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Ask the maker of the high-priced car to tell you, on fire square, Why he





doesn’t reduce his price to somewhere near its actual value.





“Too late now. It would be a confession of weakness.





In other words, he has educated you to believe that

price means quality, and if he jars your dreams he'll lose his

business. Did he make his price high originally with the idea in

mind that if he ever was forced to reduce he could lop off a

thousand or so and still have a fat profit left? Anyhow, that’s

what he can do any time he wants to, and the chances are

you'd hurt yourselves grabbing for his car. He holds up his

prices, on the contrary, because he knows you’ll pay them.





When we started to build cars eight years ago, we





could have used the high-profit plan and gotten away with it

easily, only it happens that this concern has been dealing with the American

public for 77 years on the honor flan. The Mitchell Farm >Wagon is known

to nearly every farmer in America, and he is familiar with its honest ma-

terials, honest workmanship and honest price. Well, the same institution—

and its descendants—are making Mitchell cars and they are selling them

on the same basis as they sold farm wagons.





We couldn’t double our prices today very well





because you’ve been educated to believe that Mitchell cars

mean reasonable prices and legitimate profits. But that high-priced man

can cut his prices in two and still make more money than we do. You can

argue until you are gray on this subject; but truth is truth, and always Will be.





Prompt deliveries guaranteed. All prices F. O. B. Racine.





If he’s on the square, he’ll answer:





We don’t dare. ”





The high—priced man can afford to fill your car





with beautiful accessories—fill it so full that you can’t find room

to sit down——-and include them in the list price, but he doesn’t look at it

that way. He believes in making hay while the sun shines. If we doubled

our prices on you today we’d be taking money from you that we’re not

entitled to, and even at the prices we charge we're giving you as fine ma-

terials as the other fellow with his high-priced car. And this is so abso-

lutely true that you needn’t look for any denial.





More than this: Mitchell cars reach you fully





equipped, ready for instant use, and the equipment is included

in the list price. Not only that, but we have a Make-Good policy. that is

so far ahead of that one year's guarantee that there is no comparison.

We state definitely what we will do, and then we do it if the occasion

arises. But the guarantee states that it will do anything and everything

that you ever want done.





The Mitchell equipment includes magneto, top,

five lamps, generator, horn, jack and complete set of tools. So

that when your Mitchell arrives you don’t have to rush to some

high-profit supply man and spend from $150 to $200 extra on equipment.

:I‘heI Lord knows, if there is such a thing as an honor car, the Mitchell

:5 tie one.





Then, what are you going to do about it?





Mitchell Six, 7—Passenger, $2,250; Mitchell 5—Passenger Touring, $1,500; Mitchell Roadster, $1,200





THE CAR rOU OUGHT TO HAVE AT THE PRICE YOU OUGHT TO FAX

SILENT AS THE FOOT OF TIME





Branches.-

P/zz'lade/p/u'a, Dal/as, Atlanta





 





   

   

   

 





Europe:

London and Peri:





 





 





 





 





Send for advance circular No. 308 "