not“





an best





m





M every farm is suited to the pro-



;duction of cash crops, and not



every farm in ideal for stock, but

the farms that are suitable to some

branch of stock farming greatly out-

number those that are suited to the pro-

duction of cash crops.

farming was considered synonymous with

stock farming, it being generally con-

ceded that growing cash crops neces-

sarily meant the reduction of fertility

and, ruin of the land, just as it was also

asisfiihed' that feeding stock made the soil-

rich and removed the problem of fertility

from further consideration. Every think-

ing man who is concerned with soil im-

provement knows that there are several

systems of profitable crop growing that

help to buildup the soil. .





The interest.in any type of agriculture

depends upon its proved ability to pay

a profit. The question is, will it pay a

profit? We are not so philanthropic as to

seek fame through the medium of an un—

profitable farm. While most of us under-

stand that we make the most success

growing the crops and raising the stock

we like best, yet the conservative plan

is not to specialize in either crops or

stock until We have gained the necessary

experience to make it a success; The

than who makes a specialty of one kind

of live stock or one cash".crop is alWays

on the anxwus seat; The Sudcesu uf his

specialty means 'his success; its failure

means his ruin. He has assumed the

business of speculator and requires a re-

serve fund of dollars to back up his busi—

ness during unfavorable years. No man

can learn how to conduct a. specialized

agriculture except by years of experience.

There is such a degree of science growing

up around the development of every

branch of specialized farming that only

continued study and effort will bring suc-

cess.



General farming, planting a variety of

crops and keeping a variety of animals,

is the safe way and withal the most suc-

cessful for insuring, a steady income.

There is no great fortune to be made from

diversified farming. It is a slow and

steady growth. Its valuable feature is

its security, safety and sureness. In di-

versified farming it is essential that we

give due attention to each branch of

farming that is being followed and seek

to harmonize them all. We must select

only those branches

which we find suited to

our farms and which will

fit nicely into our gen-

eral scheme of farm man-

agement and eliminate

every waste.



Ordinarily, I do not be-

lieve we should do too

many things. Any sys-

tem of management which

causes neglect by the in-

dividual is wrong, no



atter how correct it is

in rinciple. I know, be-

causé I have tried both

diversified and specialized

farming and gained my

knowledge at first hand

in the costly school of

experience. We can see

farmers on all sides of us

who are doing too many





things. It‘ is a very en-

ergetic and ambitious

man who can, with a





limited" amount of capi-

tal-“make a success of

more than one or two

branChes or farming to

which he gives his study

services. or

course, he’ must follow

other lines of work, but

the other lines should be

to a certain extent, sub-





Years ago good ‘





The Largest Load of Potatoes Known to have'





The Only Weekly Agricultural, Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State.





DETROIT,’MICH., SATURDAY. DEC. 9. i9".





Diversified vs. Specialized Farming.





servient to his one or two chosen speci-

alties.



In my work about the country I have

found very few farmers who have suc-

ceeded with any one specialty. and more

than nine-tenths of the ones who have

succeeded have advanced to this specialty

from the level of the general farmer. It

is easier to keep up the fertility of a

farm where the crops are diversified and

considerable grass and clover grown in

the rotation and fed to stock on the

farm. Too many farmers attempt to farm





both a specialized and a diversified agri-

culture, yet combine none of the weak

points of either. Potatoes are the spe-

cialty, but market milk is made so that

the manure crop may be had to help

maintain the soil in good condition for

‘the potato crop. I believe that this sys-

tem of farming puts a point to some

rather notev‘orthy agricultural princi-

ples. v



CIOVer, corn, potatoes and wheat are

our main crops. As a source of feed and

fertility, the hay crop is of most import-





 





 





 





Master Roy Neusbaum with the Smallest Load of Potatoes Delivered in St. Joe Co





without grass and have the idea that the

only profit must come from continual

cropping, when, if they used their pas-

tures and meadows as a basis, they could

grow better vegetables, fruits and grain

and produce animal products, and in fact,

everything connected with a profitable

agriculture.



In evolving a profitable system of crop

growing in connection with the production

of market milk I have tried to work out

a system of farming that possesses as

many of the strong points as possible of





Wv





 





 





 





been Delivered in St. Joseph 00. (See Data





ance. Vi'e raise a number of acres of

mixed hay to sell and to feed in case we

fail to get a good stand of clover, but

Clover is our main reliance in making up

rations for our stock. Corn is the scav-

enger crop, capable of making the best

use of coarse manure and wastes from

stock feeding. It can be grown and har-

vested for less money than any other

crop that Will supply an equal amount of

palatable grain and roughage. Since the





silo came into general use the corn crop

has become very popular on the dairy





 





 





on Page-.502).





$1.00 A YEAR.

”75 5 YEARS.





farm. Both because it is the' best crop -

to plant on the manured sod and because



it leaves the ground in such fine .condi-



tion for potatoes, corn is a most valuable



rotation crop.



Potatoes bring in the money. The profits

from our milk business were very small

when we depended upon buying all of

our grain foods and had no money out-

side of the milk funds to meet the feed-

bills. Obviously, when we depend upon

purchased grains as a source of feed and

fertility we must plan to take care of

this fertility by growing a money crop

that will be stimulated by the increased

soil richness, even if it does not use this

richness up. We chose potatoes because

they fit nicely into our crop rotation and

enable us to develop more plant food by

tillage. No man who has handled a crop

of potatoes and given them clean culti-

vation has failed to note the benefit ac-

cruing to subsequent small—grain crops

that follow in the rotation. The soil that

is given intense tillage is teeming with

bacterial life. a condition brought about

by opening up the pores and letting in

the air which the soil bacteria need in

the business of making the plant food

available for the growing crops.





By applying liberal amounts of com-

mercial fertilizer to the land on which

we raise potatoes we raise a maximum

crop and have the field in ideal condition

for winter wheat, with which we seed

our clover or mixed hay. Many men will

object to applying the bulk of the fer-

tilizer used in the crop rotation to the

potato crop, but when We figure the cost

of growing this crop and the resulting

profits, it is easy to see that it pays to

keep the crop well Supplied with an

abundance of plant food from start to

finish. There is practically no waste in

applying large amounts of fertilizer to

potato ground, for What is not utilized by

that crop is taken by the succeeding crops

of wheat and grass.



We raise wheat in place of other crops

because it, is a conserver of fertility and

serves the purpose of a, winter cover crop.

It is a safe crop to seed clover with and

makes a good yield when sown on the

potato ground as soon as the potatoes are

harvested in the fall. This is not because

the potato crop adds any fertility to the

land. On the other hand, it takes fer-

tility from it. But potatoes demand in—

tense tillage, and tillage

permits the soil bacteria

to make available much

insoluble plant food to

the advantage of the

wheat crop. Further-

fnore, the cultivation of

the potato field con-

serves a. large amount of

soil moisture which is so

essential in securing an

even stand of wheat and

a catch of clover and

grass seed. Using the

potato digger is equal to

plowing the field'and after

harrowing as soon as the

crop is harvested an

ideal seed bed awaits the

wheat crop.



This rotation of crops

in connection with milk

production and a small

flock of mutton sheep

distributes the labor of

the men and the teams

regularly over the year,

reducing the acreage cost

of tillage and simplifying

the question of hired Ia-

bor. In this way the

hired help is regular and

contented. It is a funda~

mental principle of all in-

dustries that the equip—

ment. must be kept in





l c





n





 





 





 





 





i‘.

3.

i

i.

i

i

i
502 (2)





constant use. Idle equipment and build:

ings bring in no income and are a constant

expense. On the farm where good dairy

cows, farm teams and trained men are

kept this rule operates with special force.

The farm that is producing something

every month in the year is operated on

a safer basis than one that depends upon

the sale of one crop or one kind of stock

at any one time of the year.



The even distribution of fertility and

labor is an economic aid in reducing the

cost of producing crops and caring for

the dairy herd. Where there is an equal

distribution of fertility and labor there is

less capital required to conduct the farm,

and less horsepower, farm machinery and

equipment are needed. Not only daily

experience, but the whole history of

farming proves that crop growing is on

a safer basis when the bulk of the field

crops are fed to stock on the farm and

the resulting manure applied to the fields

with as little loss as possible. Pursuing

this course and buying fertilizers to en-

courage the growth of highly organized

crops, enables us to expand our farming

and increase our incomes. It is my ideal

of a specialized agriculture and has

nearly all of the advantages of a diversi-

fied agriculture.



New York. W. MILTON KELLY.





FARM NOTES.





Power vs. Hand Husking.





‘The discussions on this phase of farm

work appearing in this and the previous

issues of the Michigan Farmer are of con-

siderable interest, expressing as they do,

extremes of opinion upon this very prac-

tical subject. Unquestionably those opin-

ions are the result of the different points

of View taken by the writers, quite as

much as of their actual experience. How—

ever, it will be noted, in reading these

different opinions, that where the power

husker has been used with success and

satisfaction, its advocates are quite as

enthusiastic in its praise as are the ad-

vocates of hand husking in claiming the

superiority of the method which they

follow in practice.



And right here appears to lie the “cue"

of the average reader in arriving at a

correct conclusion as to the relative met,-

its of the two methods‘of husking the

corn crop. The brief testimonial pub-

lished last week referring to the satisfac-

tory operation of the outfit illustrated on

the first page, shows how one farmer has

solved this question satisfactorily by

Owning a small outfit, which he operates

whenever conditions are right, with a

small crew of men. The farmer who has

considerable corn to husk, or a number

of smaller farmers in any neighborhood,

can often solVe this problem satisfac-

torily by owning. singly or jointly, such

an outfit as was illustrated and described

In other cast-s the big outfit operated by

the professional thresher may be em-

ployed to advantage, but here there is

the disadvantage of unfavorable weather

conditions to be risked, as mentioned by

two of the writers on this subject. This

disadvantage, however, appears

worst this season, and is not so serious

in a normal year.



So far as the superior value of the

is concerned, there is





 





shredded fodder

an honest difference of opinion, well

brought out in this discussion. W'hen





conditions are favorable, however, the

consensus of opinion favors the shredded

fodder, and, so far as the increased value

of the residue from feeding the stalks is

concerned, there can be no question.

There is no better stable absorbent than

this residue of shredded cornstalks which

the stock does not consume, and any

farmer who burns such valuable vege-

table matter, as one of the contributors

to this discussion declares is done, is

almost criminally wasteful of a valuable

means of maintaining soil fertility. As

to the need of additional material for

bedding or absorbent material, we be—

lieve that the farmer who could not use

more such material to advantage than

is produced on the farm is not making

live stock as large a factor in his opera—

tions as he should to insure the mainv

tenance of soil fertility, to say nothing

»of its increase.



Undoubtedly there are conditions under

which the use of the power husker is

not practical, unless it is available at

any time as is the case with the small,

individually owned outfit. There are also

conditions under which hand husking is

difficult and wasteful during weeks of ex-

tremely dry weather when the fodder

breaks up and many of the valuable

leaves are lost in the field.



But there is undoubtedly a place for

the use of both methods on the farms of





at its





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.

Michigan, and both .may be profitably





employed by the average farmer under

the varying conditions with which he is





confronted. That this is true of the

power husker is proven by the fact that

it is still in use, after. many years of

trial, upon many of our best managed

farms. On the other hand, it has its

limitations, which have prevented its use

from becoming as general as the grain

thresher, for instance. Really, the best

solution of the problem of harvesting and

storing the bulk of the corn crop is the

silo. But some corn should be grown for

husking on every farm, and the most

satisfactory and economical method of

doing this work is an individual problem

for each farmer, and can be solved to the

best advantage only after a full consid-

eration of the conditions with which the

grower is confronted. It is but natural,

under these conditions that both the old

and new methods should have their ad-

vocates, whose arguments may or may

not have a proper bearing on the in-

dividual problem.

A Substitute for Clover.





As my clover seeding failed me last

summer I pwould like to have you advise

me through your paper what would be





- the best thing to sow for hay next year.





I have a good piece of ground that had

oats on this year. The land is sand loam

with clay sub-soil. Would millet be all

right, and if so what kind would be best

and what time had it ought to be sown?

Montcalm Co. SUBSCRIBER.





On an ordinarily fertile soil that is

adapted to the crop, there is probably no

better substitute for clover hay than

oats and peas sown as early in the spring

as the ground can be prepared and cut

for hay at just the proper stage of de—

velopment. This is a much better sub-

stitute for clover hay than millet for the

reason that peas being a leguminous crop

furnish a feed richer in protein than mil-

let. There is another advantage in that

the crop can be gotten off in time for

the sowing of fall grains if desired. Oth-

er substitutes can, of course, be used,

such as soy beans, or cowpeas, but these

are not nearly so certain and should not

be grown upon a large scale until they

have been previously experimented with.





MAKING A SILO OUT OF A CELLAR.





.__._t





I notice in the Michigan Farmer Mr.

Lillie'S statement that he would put some





of his cornstalks in silo. The idea struck

me very forcibly. I have no silo, but

have a cellar built up of concrete. What

cornstalks we have out yet are so soaked

on outside of shock that I question if they

will get sufficiently dry to put in the

mow. What I want to know is, how

much water to put on when cutting. I

can have hOSe running continuously any

desired stream.



Oceana Co. 5, E. 31



I can see no objection to cutting the

cornstalks and putting them in this cel—

lar. provided proper precautions are tak-

en. As a matter of fact, the earliest silos

that were constructed were cellars, sim~

ply a pit was made in the ground with a

stone wall around the outside and this

was filled with green corn. The modern

way of building a silo is a great im-

provement over this because we can

have greater capacity in the right direc-

tion. That is, we can have our silos

smaller in diameter and deeper and have

less surface exposure than the original

idea. The original idea of a silo, of

course, came from France, where they

pitted the stuff in the ground. It would

seem to me that it would pay to put

some sort of weight upon the top of it to

press it down as there would not be depth

enough of the cut cornstalks to make

them settle properly. Perhaps, however,

if great pains are taken in tramping it

in in the first place and then, after the

stalks are all in thoroughly tramp the

surface of it every day for three or four

days and wet it down thoroughly there

would be very little spoiled ensilage.

Care must also be taken in tramping the

corners, or there will be some spoiled

cornstalks there.



Now, with regard to the water. I don't

think anyone can tell just how much

water-V ought to be run in with these

cornstalks. You have got to make a

guess at it. You have got to use judg—

ment. “’hat you want is to get as much

moisture as the corn originally contained

when it stood in the field ready to be cut

to put into the silo, containing all of the

natural juice of the plant. That is suffi-

cient, less than that is not sufficient,

more than that will tend to prevent the

mass from making good silage. If the

cornstalks are covered with snow or ice

because of their freezing or from so much

min then it will take less moisture but

the probability is that you. will not get

any too much moisture. If there was no

external moisture upon the cornstalks

caused from snow or ice it would take





a stream of water as large as would run

through a one-half inch gas pipe with as

much as two or three feet pressure of

water. I am confident that it will take

this much and perhaps more. The water

should run into the blower part of the

ensilage cutter so it will be evenly dis-

tributed through the cornstalks and then

they want to be well tramped in, and, as

I say, after you are all done, after the

cellar is full, tramp it down thoroughly

and put on more water. There won’t be

so very much of this water penetrate into

the cornstalks because the heat will

cause it to evaporate but this heft of

water on top will cause the cornstalks

to settle and make good ensllage.

COLON C. LILLIE.

AGRICULTURAL OPPORTUNITIES

IN MICHIGAN.



As I have Just been reading the good

letter written by Colon C. Lillie in a re-

cent issue regarding the agricultural op-

portunities in Michigan, I am going to

take the liberty of writing a few lines on

the same subject. I moved from north-

western Illinois to Michigan nine years

ago and can say that I have been per—

fectly satisfied with Michigan and the

many advantages it has over Illinois or

any cf the western states. I first located

in Kent county, where I bought 200 acres.

After living there for seven years, I had

an opportunity to dispose of my land at

a profit, so sold out and came down here,

125 miles southeast. I now have a 500-

acre farm, all in one body, and a very

desirable place.



When I went to Chicago this fall after

my feeding cattle I made a trip down to

Milford, Ill., 90 miles south of Chicago.

This is called “grand prairie" and is one

of the very best taming sections in the

state. I have an uncle located there, who

has a 320-acre farm worth $250 per acre.

I asked him why he did not sell and he

said he did not know what to do with

so much money. Of course, the farmers

that came there in an early day .are

mostly all wealthy and have all the cash

they want outside of their farms, for

which reason they don’t care to sell them

oven thOugh they are not realizing three

per. cent on their investment. Land is

steadily advancing there and whether it

will ever reach its maximum no one

seems to know.



But ’what is puzzling me is to know

why the choice farms in Michigan are

not selling for more money. As for the

wonderful crops they raise in Illinois I

can honestly say that they don’t yield

any greater profits to the farmer there

than on the, best farms in Michigan. Of

course, I am not making this compari-

son on the pine stump land that is only

suitable for fruit or some light crops,

but I mean the best soil we have here.



Of course, everyone knows that Mich-

igan is head and shoulders above any

western state for "quality" in fruit and

potatoes, which are two of the most im-

portant factors in our living, and I am

sure that we can raise clover and alfalfa

to much better advantage. The main

crops in Illinois and Iowa are corn and

oats. But they have cropped the land

continuously so long that it is not pro-

ducing what it used to, and just why

much of that "worn out" soil commands

such a figure I don't know.



But one thing I do know. If I owned

a farm there I would sell out at once and

move to Michigan, where the people live

for the sake of living and have the ad-

vantages and luxuries of life which per-

tain to fine, happy homes.



Jackson Co. B. F. Wampum.



CORN HUSKING BY HAND.



In regard to the item on "Corn Husk-

ing By Power," in the November 18 is-

sue of the Michigan Farmer, written by

an Oakland county farmer, I desire to

state that I do not agree with him. First

of all, I hope he does not disgrace our

state enough to call it hilly.and rough.

when he speaks of the wind sweeping

over the hills and through the Yates. We

have a comparatively level state com-

pared with some farming country. As to

the help question, it may be hard to solve

but on account of the high prices of liv-

ing it may take a change in the near

future. The best way to get your work

done, and done right, is to “do it yourself

and not leave it to others."





I hope that the Oakland county writer

did not succeed in impressing it upon the

minds of the readers that they who husk

their corn by hand are not good fat-rhea.

He said that “when bushing corn by

hand, there is always corn left out for

Jack Frost.” I Would like to have him





 





 





DEC. 9, 1911.





tell me if there is any more left in the





field when husking 'by hand than when'





waiting for a machine. The farmer en-

gages the shredder for a certain time and,

if it storms when the shredder gets

there, he is obliged to husk just the same

with a chance of all the more mouldy

stover. There is, I believe, not a man

who uses the shredder‘who will not admit





that, if he had husked his cum by hand,

both stover and corn would have been in





much better condition.





W'hat does the Oakland county writer

do with his shelled corn? I know of one

machine this fall that husked 200 baskets

of corn and 100 bushels of shelled corn.

Now we all know that the shelled corn

'is damp and will mould at once if not

spread out in a very thin layer, or

mixed with oats, which will help to ab—

sorb the moisture. He speaks of the

“cracking fingers, aching legs, and the

ever increasing possibility of 3, disagree-

able doctor’s bill.” Corn husking is the

easiest work the farmer has to do. There

is no straining nor lifting but a pleasant,

agreeable work. As for~ the doctor's

ollls, it would do more than drugs for

mgst people to get out in the early morn-

ing and breathe the pure, fresh air all

day. '



The autumn is the nicest time of year,

this year being an exception on accdunt

of the heavy rainfall, which is the better

reason for the farmer not using the

shredder.



He states that the corn stover gets

double exposure to the weather when

husked by hand.- The corn should be

husked out and the stalks set up in as

large shocks as possible, bound up, and

left until thoroughly dry. I would like

to see some of his sweet smelling stover,

about mid-winter, that was taken from





the shock the first of November, and‘

stored in a large mow.

From all figures, there is very little





feeding value in the large coarse stalk;

the cattle will eat no more of it where

shredded than when whole. I find that

the whole stover is of more value for the

indoor feeding than the shredded. You

can feed more stock and easier where it

is in a bundle and I would like to see the

man, who can bed his cattle with the

waste he-takes from the manger. We do

not have to shred our corn crop to get

bedding to:- The straw we

have should be used for that purpose.

'We have a neighbor who shreds his fod-

der and what he can’t use for bedding,

he draws out in the spring and burns.



The expense of husking by machine is

much greater than by hand. For a ma-

chine that husks 1,000 baskets of corn it

takes 15 men to get the corn to the ma.-

chine, besides the engineer and two feed-

ers. You pay the machine man three

cents per basket, just what you would

pay to get your corn husked by hand.

Then 15 men at $2.00 per day would be

$30, or ,three cents more, or a total of six

cents per basket, not counting the moul-

dy stover, wet shelled corn and the corn

in the crib which is all shelled and brok-

en up. Did you ever see seed corn for

sale that has been husked with a ma-

chine? As for one man tending the

blower and keeping the husks picked off

the corn so that it is right to put into the

crib. I would like to see him do it.



We are husking corn by hand yet and

will for a time to come. Twa years ago





our cattle.





three of us husked 3,400 baskets and drew’





the stalks in four weeks. Last year we

were all through husking by the middle

of November while a great many of the

farmers near us were still waiting for

the machine. '



Calhoun Co.





THAT LARGE LOAD_ OF POTATOES.





A. G. C.





I send you a photograph (see first page

cut) of a 122 bu. 50-lb. load of potatoes,

delivered August 26, 1911, at $1.00 per

bushel. The potatoes were of the Green

Mountain variety, cut one to three eyes

to the piece, and were planted April 12





on a' field of heavy June grass sod that





had been plowed in March. The pota-

toes yielded 80 bushels per acre, which,

considering the severe drouth, was con-

sidered a good yield. This was the larg-

est load of potatoes and brought the

greatest amount of money of any load

that ever crossed the scales in this

vicinity.





St. Joseph Co. J. D. S'I‘U'Rpis.





 





 





A table has been issued by the geo-

logical survey, showing the production of

‘coal in the United States since 1814 to be

8,348,851,259 tons. Of this amount. Mich-

igan has produced a total or 13,997,631

tone, the first coal bein- mined in this

state in 1860, when 2.82 tons weredu .





lion tons were ‘minetl.





During 1910 over one and one-half tn .— '





\





 





 





- - _._._ .-,__ __._+A~ wanna...)





l.





\ .

\—_ MM A-+~‘W ..__-- ‘4 .~ .4’M»r_fi“ _4___ ~A—w—v‘w- ....
DEC. 9, 1911.





FALL WORK ON THE FARM.





 





There is always plenty of work to do

on the farm at any season, making re-

pairs or improvements, for the farmer

who is interested in his occupation is al-

ways planning to have things more con-

venient for his work, or better to look at,

for the true farmer wants his place to

look as well, or better than that of his

neighbor. At most seasons, when repairs

can be made, he is too busy at other

things which have to be attended to on

time, but in the fall there are often many

days when the regular farm work is not

pressing, and then he has his chance to

make things look better, or make some

improvement which will enable him to do

his work easier or quicker. This fall has

been an unusual one in weather condi-

tions, and has delayed the regular farm

work in many ways. The excessive rains

have hindered the gathering of crops,

so that at this writing, the last week in

November, there are still potatoes in the

ground, as well as sugar beets, and a

great deal of the corn crop remains to be

husked. The ground is so soft that it is

difficult to get around with a team in the

fields, and those who wish to shred have

been in still worse difficulties, for not

only has the ground been too soft to draw

the corn but, most of the time since the

corn was dry enough to husk, the fod-

der has been too wet to safely shred and

put it in the barn.



But if the regular farm work has been

interefered with to a great extent by the

rains, there have been many days that

could be profitably spent in other ways,

getting things in better shape for work

another year. On most farms there are

fences to build or repair, and at present

the ground in most places is in ideal con-

dition for such work, the rains have

made it soft and easy to dig, so that post

holes can be more easily dug than at any

season, except in spring, and then there

is usually too much other work that is

pressing. NVith the ground slightly frozen

and clear of snow the conditions are

ideal for cutting out hedge rows along

the fence and thus getting rid of un—

sightly places. Then there is nearly a?—

ways work to be done in the orchard,

broken down or uprooted trees to re—

move, and in old orchards, unless the

work has been dune: before, worthless

trees to be cut out,‘ and trees to trim.

Some may think this not the season to

trim trees, but my idea is to trim when

you have the time for it, or as a cele-

brated orchardist put it, “trim when your

knife is sharp,” without regard to sea-

sons or moons. It is certainly better to

trim at this season than to let the trees

go without it. After the trimming is

done there is the brush to get out and

pile for burning. The past summer I saw

several orchards where the trees had

been severely pruned and all the brush

left just where it fell. several years ago,

evidently, judging from appearances, for

it was rotting. It certainly made an un-

sightly looking place, and most inconven-

ient for getting about when picking the

fruit. Without regard to appearances,

all trimmings from the orchards should

be burned as soon as possible to be sure

of destroying all insect pests that may

be thereon.



If there are rocks in the fields to be

removed this is an excellent time to dig

them out, so that when the first light

fall of snow comes, after the ground

freezes, they can be easily drawn on

the stoneboat, when, if they are large, it

would be difficult for the team to handle.

them on bare ground. Shade and orna-

mental trees can be set out at this sea-

son too, particularly where they are to

be taken up on one part of the farm, or

nearby lands, and set out on another

part. The farmer is usually too busy in

spring for such work, so if it is done at

all it must be done when he has the spare

time, and that is usually in the fall be-

fore the ground freezes, and if the job is

well done, and the trees looked after In

the spring to see that the winds have

not loosened them, they will stand just

as good a chance of making a healthy

growth as they would if set out in Spring

when the farmer can illy spare the time

to attend to them.



Then there are repairs to be made

about the farm buildings, glass to be put

in windows where they have been brok—

en, loose boards to nail fast, roofs to be

patched, and everything made snug to

keep out the wind, snow and rain during

the winter; chilly and drafty stables are

expensive for stock that is not comfort-

ably warm will consume more feed.



Often the grounds about the house and

barns needs grading up so that the rains

will be carried off. making the buildings





 





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





more sanitary, as well as improving the

appearance of the place, and this grading

can usually be done at this season to ad-

vantage so that the winter and spring

rains will settle the soil.



If there is a woodlot there is no better

time to select the timber which is to be

cut, or to cut it, for it is a whole lot

pleasanter to get about on the bed of

fallen leaves than to wade through sev-

eral inches or a foot of snow, and dig

out logs that‘ are down, before they can

be cut. A man can do a lot more in a

day when the ground is bare.



Every farmer has a hundred and one

little things that he wants to do, and if

he uses a little forethought at this sea-

son he can get many of them done to his

own advantage and to the appearance of

the farm. The man who takes pride in

the appearance of his farm and every-

thing about.it is the man who will suc-

ceed best.





Eaton Co. APOLLOS LONG.





 





 





LOST OPPORTUNITIES.



An analysis of the average farmer’s

business methods leads on to believe that

he loses more opportunities than he takes.

It also has appealed to me many times

that opportunities to make money come

oftener to the farmer than to any other

class. A business man, manager of a

copper mine, was discussing soil fertility

a short time ago. He said he could hard-

ly believe that the fertility of the soil

could be preserved by crop rotation, to

any extent, if. at all; because it seemed

probable that if it Were possible to do it

that all the farmers would have long

since practiced it. I called to his mind

the condition of the average dairy herd- —

told him that few farmers gave the ac-

tual production of milk and butter-fat a

thought, how many even refuse to listen

when told how to raise their production

per cow by keeping better stock and by

feeding better balanced rations. I showed

him that they apparently will deliberately

keep cull cotvs when it is possible to keep

good ones. I told him of the 25 Illinois

cows that were found to yield their own-

ers as much profit as 1,012 other Illinois

cows. I asked him why it was that the

dairy farmers didn’t raise their standard.

He admitted it must be for the same

reason that crop rotation on the average

farm is unknown.



He found it difiicuit to believe in the

farmer’s lack of perception in these mat-

ters. I find it as difficult to believe that

there. are farmers’ sons and farm renters

anywhere, who continue year after year

to work for the other fellow when they

could just as well work for themselves.

There are literally'millions of acres in

the upper peninsula that are as fine farm

land as can be found anywhere. I rea-

lize the difficulty of making people believe

it. The world is very sceptical when it

comes to things just next door and the

further away one’s mind travels the

rosier things look. I confess the printed

matter sent out telling the wonderful

advantages of certain regions of the far

west, especially the booklets telling about

apples, make one’s mouth fairly water.

We are just waking up to the fact that

we can grow just as good apples and

just as many per acre as can be grown

anywhere. In fact, we have half a no-

tion that our upper peninsula apples beat

any other apples, for size, color, flavor

and aroma. If my readers don’t believe

it let them go to the Chicago land show

in November and December.



To go back to my subject. I can’t un-

derstand how young men will persist in

working out by the month when they

can buy farms up here for three months'

wages and get a third of a lifetime to

pay the rest. As a matter of fact, they

can generally obtain work at higher

wages than are prevalent elsewhere

whenever” they want it. Three or four

years will suffice to get a farm of forty

acres paid for. It will require a little

effort, it is true, but so does anything

worth having.



\Vhy, then, should the young farmers

or the older ones go to the far west or

to Canada to start for themselves. Think

of the distance from the old home with

its tender memories of mother and fath—

erv, brothers and sisters. Why not go

to a country that has all the advantages

and none of the disadvantages, where you

can live within a day’s railroad journey

of nearly the entire middle west. Think

of the advantages of our exceptional

railroad and boat facilities, our markets.

Keep near the center of population if

possible. Don’t overlook your own state

for opportunities, both above and below

the Straits of Mackinac.





Ontonagon 00. T. A. GREEN.





l





-_._;_.m-....-.,...-..,.-‘.._~._,.was... . ..





 





You’re Robbing’

the Soil





of part of its most valuable and fertile pro-

ductr—ammonia, potash and phouphoroua—

every time you grow a corn crop.





There must be replaced regularly or in a few

yearn all the fertility of the coil will be exhausted.





Jarecki Brand Fertilizers





contain. all the foods necessary to the perfect

development and maturity of corn.



Drill Jarecki Fertilizer, 200 to 400 lbs. to the acre,

and you will get 80 to 100 bushels of better, more

fully developed corn per acre.



Write for free Memorandum book. Contains the

A, B, C, of fertilization. Free to all growers.



Tun JARECKI CHEMICAL Co.

Sandulky and Cincinnati, Ohio.





Agents wanted in every vicinity.





   





, it





(INFERTIu





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- \ \V’f/x’M 7,

FERTILIZED





     

 

 





 

 

 

 





 





W‘H‘I-Wk \h§=‘:

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3 1: current”)...

9 £993 no?"





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Chica





()ld Abe





ft.





   

 





   





: Ex, .

Richer Than Claimed t

'4 Every bag of “Old Abe” Fertilizer is stamped y: ‘ l

'4' with a guaranteed analysis and is sold with a ’ c

guarantee of satisfaction if directions are followed. ~ ,

The State authorities of Wisconsin and Illinois who

have tested “Old Abe” Brands have found





“Old Abe” Fertilizers





richer in plant food than we guarantee them to be.

Ask your dealer about our Universal, 3 wonderful fertilizer

wheat, and our Corn Special; or write to us for booklet and

prices. We sell direct where we have no dealer, and guarantee



‘ satisfaction or refund every cent ofyour money.



, Write today for our Free booklet, “The Farmer’s Handy



resultingirom Pocket Companion." It has just been re—writtcn and IS a



the use ‘ 20° \ mighty valuable little book for every man With an acre





baggage?“ \ Reliable Dealers Wanted Everywhere

CHICAGO FERTILIZER AND CHEMICAL WORKS

Dept. c. Union Stock Yards. Chicago. Ill.





Investigate the Marvelous McVicker





 





g;





till

it





..> it





20 bu. of nub-

bins per acre—-





60 bn. of solid





corn per acre





 

 

 





no fertilizer. .

Loan 40 bu. or

$21 per acre.





 





per acre.





 





The, Only Really Simple Gasoline Engine





HERE are lots of so-called “simple“ gasoline engines, that are simple to a





mechanical engineer, but not to any one else. When you look ’em over



_ you Will find forty-’leven parts, most of which require adjustment and

attention, and many of which have nothing at all to do with the efficiency of the

engine. 'Thcse useless parts mean that the engine-maker is clinging to ideas of

construction that date back to the days when the gas engine was in its infancy,

and had about as many parts as a piano. An engine like that is of no real use to

you. It’s more of an aggravation than anything else, and some dofunny or other is

always breaking down or getting out of order just when you need the engine most.



It’s because we've got down to bed-rock in engine construction and cut out all these

useless parts that'the Marvelous McVickcr is today the simplest engine in the world, yet

the smoothest, eaSiest-running and most powerful. A ten-year-old boy can run it. In fact,

it doesn’t need to be run at-all. Start it. go away and leave it, and it’ll run itself as long as

the fuel holds out.



Don’t take_our word for this. Investigate all the other engines You want to. Then

go to the Mchcker dealer—there‘s a good one in most every neighborhood—and let him

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You'll find in it a lot of facts about engines that you ought. to -

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on time and money, ut don’t buy an engine before you’ve

Investigated. the Marvelous McVicker.





ALMA MANUFACTURING COMPANY

Dept. 41 ALMA. MICHIGAN





   

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

 





 





 





 





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CLOTHCDAFT

CLOTHES Atlla‘t‘s’és





ETWEEN the two ex-

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Clothes can be compared

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because their correct style and

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The One Guaranteed All-Wool Line

at Medium Prices: $10 to $25





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The only way to be sure of all—wool clothes at

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Go to the Nearest Clothcrnft Store





Ask particularly to see the Clothcraft Blue

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uil, smooth coat-front.





If you don‘t know a Clothcraft Store. write

us today. We‘ll promptly send you the Cloth-

craft Style-Book for {all and winter, with the

name of the nearest dealer.





THE JOSEPH & FEISS CO.

Founded I 850—01dut American

@Xflfilld





Manufacturer: of Mcn': Clot/it:



623 St. Clair Avenue. N. W.



Will Do EVeryt hi ng

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Write for our four-engine books and learn

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Jacobson Muhlno Mtg. 00.,



Dom. ; , Warren. Po.





'[ET‘us TAN

Yllllll HIDE.





Cattle or Horse hide, Calf. Dog, Deer,

or any kind of skin with hair or fur on.

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robes. rugs or gloves when so ordered.



Your fur goods will cost you less than

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will certainly pay you to look into it.



Our illustrated catalog gives a lot of

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on horse hides and calf skins; about

the. goods we sell. taxidermy. etc. but

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The Crosby Frisian Fur Company.

571 lyeil Ave., Rochester. N. Y.





TRAPPER FOR CASH





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Send for Free Price List and Ship-

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ROGERS FUR OOIPA"

.91 H. Hall! 50. St. will. IO.





 





 





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'proposition to feed





 





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r" "l

L up: STOCK 1





vFEEDERS' PROBLEMS.





Ensllage as a Feed for Horses and Colts.

Cottonseed Meal for Lambs.



This being my first year with ensilage,

would like to know if it can be fed to

colts from eight to 20 months old. Have

heard that it was not the proper feed.

Am feeding lambs. weighing from 60 to

75 lbs, but am at a loss to know how to

feed and get results. My hay is mixed,

of good quality. Being short of corn and

oats, want to feed cottonseed meal, so

kindly advise me if it can be fed to colts





and lambs without ensilage, and how

much.

Macomb Co. C. H. D.





Ensilage is not well adapted as a feed

for growing colts for the reason that it

is a bulky food and does not contain

enough nutrlment to give best results.

It is also too soft and acid in character.

The colt has a small stomach and a rath-

er dellcately poised digestion and needs

the most wholesome and nourishing food

for best results. Good clover hay and

oats with a little bran and a very little

oil meal makes an ideal ration for grow-

ing colts. The bran, oil meal and clover

hay will be sufficiently laxative in effect

without the use of other succulent feeds

and the colts should be given plenty of

grain in order that they may make a

rapid growth and develop into the most

perfect form at maturity. Some very good

authorities contend that the best way to

feed grain to growing colts is in an auto“

matic feeder. However, this is a matter

of opinion and is not essential, nor, in the

writer’s opinion, desirable, provided they

be well fed to keep them in a thrifty.

growing condition and gain rapidly from

the start.



l'lnsilage may be used with safety and

success for feeding idle horses and brood

mares, providing not too heavy a feed is





kgiven. although there is considerable dif-





ference of opinion as to the advisability

of feeding ensilage to brood mares. How-

ever. very good results have been se~

cured by such feeding in many instances.

It is not suitable feed for work horses.

on account of its bulky and soft char-

acter, and it is better not to depend on

it to any great extent for horse feeding.



Ensilage may be used in moderate

quantities with. the best results for feed-

ing lambs. particularly during the early

part of the feeding period. It cannot with

profit, however, be made the sole rough—

age ration for lambs. The best feeders

feed about two pounds of. ensilage and

half a pound of dry hay per day as rough-

age for each lamb. '





Cottonseed meal may be used in con-

nection with corn for lamb feeding, but

it would not be economical nor a safe

it as an exclusive

grain ration with ensilage. Oil meal, or

preferably pea-sized oil cake, is a more

palatable feed for the lambs and also a

little safer feed. Gluten meal is another

concentrate high in protein which may

be profitably used with corn for this pur-

pose. In fact, it makes little difference

what the source of protein may be. so

long as it is fed in the proper combina-

tion with corn to give a balanced ration

for the fattening lambs. However, the

corn is the cheapest base for the ration,

even at present prices and cannot be

profitably eliminated. Cull beans, where

they can be purchased cheaplymand

there will be a good many on the market

this year—can be used with safety and

profit. providing not more than one—

quarter pound is allowed per day for

each lamb. in connection with corn and

other feeds. Thus it will be seen that

economy should indicate the source of

protein.



A good rule to follow is to vary the

amount of protein concentrates used in

accordance with the comparative price

of corn and protein concentrates. One

very good authority lays down the rule

that for most profitable feeding, whore

corn is cheap and these commercial

food stuffs are comparatively high in

price. is to use about nine pounds cf corn

to one pound of oil cake or its equivalent

in other pi‘oleln concentrates. On the

other hand, where corn is high in price

and protein concentrates are compara-

tively cheap, as much as one part by

weight of protein concentrates to four

parts by weight of corn can be profitably

used. Under the conditions which prevail

at present. and particularly if clover hay

is not available for the roughage ration.





 





 





Wu else-hr

"Had. of ”now Bollor It”! t-l ll. ‘1 I ”

FULTON SUPPLY u m Fulton St. Ohm... Ill.





 





 





about one part by weight of oil meal, or

its equivalent in other protein feed. to

six parts by weight of corn, would be a.

satisfactory and economical combination

of grains. If clover hay is not available

some bean pods in connection with mix-





‘ THE” MicfiiGAN‘l‘i—‘ARME‘R.





ed hay or other roughage, will prove a

valuable addition to the roughage ration...

4 Considerable judgment needs to be ex-

ercised in compounding and feeding the

ration to fattening lambs for best results.

There is no department of feeding which

requires the exercise of greater judg-

ment on the part of the feeder. Experi—

ence is a valuable factor for success, but

an inexperienced man who gives careful

thought to the compounding of his ration

and personal attention to its feeding

should get satisfactory results. The nu-

tritive ratio for fattening sheep should

not be far from 1:5, somewhat narrower

than that during the early part of the

feeding period and somewhat wider to-

wards its close. However, it is not neces-

sary to closely follow the feeding stan-

dard indicated above. nor is it always

economical, since with the varying prices

of feed stuffs economy may be secured

by varying the nutritive ratio slightly

from the approved standard.

Cull Beans far Fattening Cattle.

Can you tell me whether cull beans





make good feed for fattening young eat-

tle or not? If so, how should one feed





them?



Sanllac Co. W. J. L.



Cull beans can be used with profit as a

factor in the ration for fattening cattle.

“’hen very cheap they have been used

with success as the exclusive grain rat/-

tion. Some years ago cull beans sold as

low as 10 to 12 cents per bushel in Mich-

igan, and from that up to 25 cents during

this period. The writer saw several

large bunches of cattle fattened on cull

beans, cooked with steam and fed as the

exclusive grain ration in connection with

mixed hay. These cattle made good gains

and were marketed in good condition at

a profit to the feeders. although the qual-

ity of the flesh which they carried ap-

peared to be somewhat softer than would

be the case with corn—fed cattle.



Beans cannot be fed with profit to eat-

ile without cooking, but where cooked

could be made a factor in the grain ration

to the extent of perhaps one-half the

grain fed in combination with corn and

cheapen the ration considerably where

the cull beans can be obtained at a low

price. However. it is probable that they

can be used as hog feed in connection

with corn at a greater profit than for

cattle feeding.



Cull Beans for Hog Feed.



Can someone tell what stock, aside



from sheep, cull beans can be fed to, and





of what value are they as feed? Also,

how should they be fed?

St. Clair Co. SUBSCRIBER.





As noted above, cull beans can be used

as a limited factor in the grain ration

for sheep with good results. They can

also be fed to cattle with profit where

cooked, provided they can be purchased

cheaply enough. But their best use as a.

stock feed is for hogs for which they

should also be cooked and fed in connec-

tion with corn or roots. When so fed

they make a very acceptable hog feed,

the value of which is increased because

of the fact that they can be fed warm,

which adds to the palatability of the ra-

tion during cold winter.





A GOOD PIG RECORD.





 





On May 17, 1911, I had a litter of seven

Poland China pigs farrowed, and May

20. 1911, a litter of eight, a total of 15, of

which I lost one early. leaving 14 pigs to

mature. After weaning time I sold one

to a neighbor. leaving 13 which I kept

mill October 26. I sold two sows of this

bunch at 160 days’ old. weighing 225

pounds each, and on November 1 I sold

nine more which weighed an aggregate

of 1.870 pounds. Three of this bunch

Were sold to a neighbor for feeding pur—

poses, welghing a total of 660 pounds at

167 days old. The other six weighed

1,210 pounds, a total for all of -,320 pounds

and an average of 211 pounds. The other

two I am keeping for future use. This

record is taken from a day-book so there

is no mistake about this report. l wish

to state that these pigs had no balanced

ration or scientific cure, but clean feed

and plenty of exercise and were put on

new corn about September 10.



Jackson Co. LEE HATCH.



Reports from Pike county, Illinois, are

that in that important .cattle producing

region farmers have fair cattle supplies,

but there is a great deal of sickness

among the hogs. Farmers have scarcely

any. hay. and there are lots of fields of

ruined corn and fodder as a result of the

long rainy season.





J. B. Castagne, who for a period of 25

years has resided in Wyoming, says there

will not be the big Simply of sheep from

that state next year that has been ‘seen

this season. Owners are compelled to

ship out almost their entire holdings be—

cause they had no feed.





 





 





 

 





 





 





DEC. 9, 1911; ‘





REA T18





A

oaths





 





We offer tree this book

that tells you shout may

of the diseases siniotln

horses and how to trong

them. Califor it at your

local drugg‘llt’l or write us.





KHIDA LL’S

SPA VIN CURE





loo Info and reliable remedy. It will euro Rl : ;

bone, Splint and other bon enlargements. t

is also a reliable remedy or Curbs. Spnins.

Bruises Outs and Lamoness. ltdoes the work

safely at mall oxpenseltesd what W.T. Ssdler,

4m (35., cars of Allen’s pharmacy, writes:

nonthohonomoivodnnd main-many

ti fen-Ills for and);

fly“! Spovln Gun and hove

o complaint ha. I m. ”





And Er. Wm. Booth, of Grovette,



Ark, mm 3



“Imbook is worth 0.09 It cow lied

on on old hloouln‘hflollu. Shoulder



~ inn-nu l- the nut or -





   





 





 

 





 





   

 

 





 

 

 





 

 





   





“Your





 





stock. I hm sold may

novel hmi





   

 





 

 





Kendall’s Spovln

ore is sold at ms





at your local druggis

wrl no. t,





- to

BK. I. I. KENDALL COMPANY

Istanbul-g Polls. Vermont. u. 3. A.





 

 





 





l





 





' "M ‘W

Entho. Burns





_ -1 , iii-"'1' Wagon—“1'2"

ls Pa sfot itself in fuel savin

ingot: '





lino.





. time. 2nd. oviolont -

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where. 5th, Every enginowtu

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.l.





_ i





E’t





 





 





firm.“ "5%

non.

Unit“ Stato- In no Work-

was Canal 8!. M" . II.





372-2





 





 





Sandow $





2V23LP. Slalionary

Engine—Complete





 





 





Gives curls power for all farm "

uses. _ On. y three moving parts— . .

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sea

line. alcohol, distillate

Sold on 15 do s' trial. Y0

M O N E Y C K I F Y

ARE NOT SATISFIED.

fryeor ironclad guarantee. Shoo '

to





nody to 1:



Postal brings full particulars free.

Write for proposition on first en~

[ins in your locality.





Detroit Motor Car Supply 00..





 





 





 





Run on gloatingkcroseneflls-

tiilote my cheap fuel oil. .

fees to ate, develop

more power. stout throttle

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30 Days’ Pros :

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Here's your chance to



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sums moms so. i

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Kerosene

ENGINES





Operate perfectly on common

coal oil, gasoline. distillate,

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fuel. Our catalog explains

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most economical and prac-

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Genuine Free Trial I





if it doesn’t salisf ou in

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noth ng. Don't investinany

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any limit“...

rum ve.. ro . I;

- WAGON SENSE





Don’t break yourbsckand kill your

horses with a. high wheel wagon.

For comfox‘t’s sake get an





.Elsoirlo Ilandy Wagon

V It will save on time and money. A

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mmmunnmu
o 0





DEC. 9, 1911.





H o r .5 (‘3 if“ 0 w e r

For 1V2 Hours

For 11/12 Cents





We know this Callie Perfection Speck! to be ab-

solutely the greatest engine value on, the market.

Built by automobile men with automobile mach-



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your two hands the only tools you'll need. The

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your 14-year old boy can take care of it. Made

of the ilnest material, every moving part works

assmooth and sweet as a watch. Our free book

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CAILLB PERFECTION MOTOR CO.

30! Second Street Detroit, Mich.





$48





Coin lots and

R y to Run





1 ‘1/3

1' an





 





Brilliant’s Gd.-Son





» FOR SALE.

BERRIEN 40210‘fil:,§g,r{1}ggg§m ., mu-





1st Dam—Y Suzzette 28212 by Horace 7884 (8911) by

Fide e (5589.)



2d Dam—Imp. Suzzette 8427 (11100)&i% Louis 4821 (546)

by Buckeye Brilliant 1931 (1 .)



3d Dam—Favorite (4845) by Tasbeau 458 (743) by

Favori I. (711.)



Berrien is dark dapple gray. 8 years old. weight 1850

lbs., sound. kind. and perfect manners heavy boned.

close coupled, low and "Wide out." I ‘

a lar e number of his colts and half brother are

owne in this vicinity. His colts are active, good

walkers. hardy. and kind disposition. Berrien was

never “traveled," always kept in larger paddock,

Come and see him. Picture if desired. ould take

registered brood more in part payment. Price 81.000.



R. H. SHERWOOD.

Lake View Farm, Watcrvllct. Mich.





STALLIONS





A fine lot of





Hudson and Belgians





with plenty Of





Bone, Quality, Style and Action.





Good Once, the draity kindfiat prices which

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GEO.W.SOUERS& SONS,





Huntington, Indiana. '





DUNHAM’S





PERGHERDNS





Our summer importation. in our estimation

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Oaklawn. has arrived. Numerous impor-

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llllNIIAMS, Wayne, Illinois.





 





 





   





 

 

 





 





B E L L S ’

DRAFT STALLIONS





Percheron, Shire and

Belgian Stallions





At reasonable prices.

Write us what you need.





BELL 81108., Wooster, Ohio.





100 Head Belgian & Percheron





Stallions and Mares.





Direct from breedjng farms of Belgiun and France.

all high.olass draft stock With quality and 3129.

Among them are many European prize-winners.

If you are in the market for a stallion or mare it

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LOESER BROS. Box 3, ngonlor. Ind.





A. A. PALMER G SONS,

BELDING. MICH.





The Pioneer Percheron Breeders of Michigan

oil‘er for sale a choicellot of black





Percheron Stallions and Mares





All registered and young. Fifty head to select from.





JACKS and MULES





Raise mules and get rich. 18

jack and mule farms under

one mana ement, where can

be‘ seen 5g head fine large

jacks. jennets and mules, 14

to 17 hands hi a... Good ones.

Stock guaran eed. Write

for prices today. ddress





Krckler's Jack Farm

West Elkton. Ohio

Branch Barn—Clinton. Indiana





 

   

   

 





 





 





 





——J st what your boywants for Christmas.

(irlsifiigtifid filmy horse colts. 1 black‘& white and 1





black. Price each. J. A. Mitter. Btookbridge, Mich.





 





r





'Y'HB MICHIGAN EARMER.





ARE FROZEN BEETS INJURIOUS TO

LIVE.STOCK.





 





The exceedingly early freeze-up caught

me with my mangels still in piles in the

field. I have been told that it is danger-

ous to feed frozen roots. We drew a.

load of them to the barn where they

would thaw out and then thought we

could feed them before they spoiled. The

cows ate them good and have gained in

their milk. Is it dangerous? Would a.

small feed once a day be liable to injure

them? I have no silo and the total loss

of succulent feed will mean-less milk.



Genesee Co. J. W. T.





Nearly all of the agricultural papers

have just recently warned stock feeders

of that fact that it is dangerous to feed

frozen beets to their stock. The Novem-

ber 17 issue of Hoard’s Dairyman states

that there was considerable loss to stock

owners in Wisconsin last year by feeding

frozen beets. In one instance a. farmer

boiled up a lot of beets and fed to the

hogs. Almost the entire lot died in a

short time from paralysis Of heart action,

occasioned, it is supposed, by serious

gastric disturbance. The chemical

changes caused by freezing and thawing

evolve a poisonous principle. Dr. Hadley,

of the Veterinary Department of the VVis—

consin College of Agriculture, has made

an investigation of these facts with the

above conclusion.



I confess that this is the first time I

ever heard that live stock would be poi-

soned by feeding frozen beets or frozen

roots of any kind. I have fed frozen beet

tops in the past on several occasions,

sometimes they were frozen stiff. At the

present time we are feeding beet tops that

haVe been out in this severe freezing and

have had no sick animals at all. They

seem to relish the tops even if they are

frozen, and eat them greedily and are

doing well. Occasionally there. is a beet

that is left in with the top. Once in a

while the small beets are not topped at

all and these are left in, top and all, and

again, in loading the beets sometimes a

beet is left and gets mixed with the tops

and the cattle eat these and always have,

but we never had any of them poisoned

so far as I know.



This fall my potatoes were not dug

until after the first freezing. Some of

them projected out of the ground a little

bit and were frozen. We 'just nicely got

the crop dug when the present severe

weather came. I did not want to put all

Of the potatoes in a. big pile in the cellar

because I wanted to look them over care-

fully for fear We did not sort out all of

those that were nipped by the first freeze

and so I put some of them in a pit near

the house. We were caught on this pit

of potatoes with only a light covering and

some of them around the edges were

frozen. We are boiling these potatoes

now and feeding them to the hogs and

I never thought of such a thing as their

being poisonous and although I am warn-

ed now from seemingly good authority

that they are liable to be poisonous, we

will continue to feed them and also the

beet tops to the cows as we always have

done, until we see some injurious effect.



Mr. Helmer Rabild. of the Dairy Divi—

sion of the Department of Agriculture,

recently visited me. He, as everybody in

Michigan must know, is 8. Dane and in his

native country beets are relied upon quite

largely as a succulent food. We dis—

cussed this matter and it was news, and

a surprise to him, to know that cattle

would be injured by feeding frozen beets,

at least in moderate quantities. He had

known of its being done in the old coun-

try without any perceptible injury.



I do not want my advice nor my prac-

tice to in any way influence people on

this subject. Undoubtedly, in the face of

this evidence, some stock have been poi-

soned by frozen beets and it is probably

not safe to use them, and yet, as I have

stated, we have always fed these frozen

beet tops, sometimes way into the winter,

and never saw any injurious effect, and

we shall probably do so until we do.



COLON C. LILLIE.





. EXPERIMENTS WITH SWINE.



The Department of Agriculture has re-

ceived a report of some experiments con-

ducted with swine by the Ontario Agri-

cultural Experiment Farm. Several ex-

periments were made with 40 of these

pigs to compare alfalfa, skim-milk, and

pasture, using corn meal as a check. In

90-day tests the meal alone produced an

average daily gain per head Of 1.07 lbs.;

meal and alfalfa pasture, 1 1b.; meal and

green alfalfa in pens, 1.13 lbs.; meal and

skim-milk in pens, 1.34 lbs.; meal, skim-

milk, and green alfalfa in pens, 1.36 lbs.

In these tests 1 lb. of meal was equal to

4.3 lbs. of green alfalfa or 6.79 lbs. Of

skim-milk. Valuing the pigs at $5 each,





the skim-milk at 30 cents per 100 lbs. and

the" green alfalfa at $3 per-ton, ‘the‘ price

received per ton for meal with “the hogs

selling at 5c per pound was $20.45, and

at 8c, $53. It was also determined that

the average cost‘ per pig for raising 72

pigs to 11 weeks Of age was $2.46. This

includes service fees, maintenance of dry

sows, and value of food consumed by

sows and litters, but does not include

risk, interest, labor, and manure.





 





LIVE STOCK NOTES.





Mutton going into packers' coolers of

late at current low prices for sheep and

lambs has meant big profits to the pack-

ing interests. The surplus not needed

immediately is laid away for future re-

quirements, and by the time it is brought

out sheep and lambs will be much

scarcer and undoubtedly much higher in

values. Meanwhile the enormous decline

in prices that has been brought about by

the glutted markets has also redounded

t0 the interests of the men who seize

the opportunity to load up with cheap

feeders, and later on the inevitable short-

age of live muttons will give them a. fine

opportunity to make nice profits.





The cattle arriving on the Missouri

river markets are described as only ordi-

nary in average quality, and throughout

that part of the country, as well as

farther east, choice beeves are becoming

scarce. It is an undisputed fact that far

less feeding is being carried on than a.

year ago. There is plenty Of corn in

most places, but many farmers regard

prices for feeder cattle as too high. In

parts Of the west there is not one car

load of cattle feeding where a. year ago

40 or 50 car loads were fed. While the

reasoning is not good, nevertheless the

number of farmers staying out of cattle

feeding because of bad luck 3. year ago

is extremely large. Brighter men, seeing

the improved prospects in sight, are g0-

ing extensively into the business, arguing

that purchases of well-bred stockers and

feeders are good investments on the fre-

quent breaks in prices.



The habit of having consignments of

cattle and sheep on the Chicago market

on Mondays and Wednesdays tends to

glut the market on those days and causes

many bad breaks in prices. Monday, es-

pecially, is a day of enormous supplies,

and it is quite common to see much more

than half of the cattle receipts for the

whole week crowded into that day. Wed—

nesday, however, is the great day for

by far the principal share of these. That

choice cattle Offerings, Illinois furnishing

state is maturing much larger numbers

Of prime beeves than any other state.

and as farmers generally do not like to





load cars on Sunday, they are in the

habit of getting their stock marketed

Wednesday.





John Donnell, president of the Carbon

County Wool Growers’ Association of

\Vyoming, who marketed 14 car loads of

sheep on a recent day, is the owner of

land covering a radius of 25 miles, be-

ginning northeast Of Rawlins and contin-

uing down to the Medicine Bow river.

He purchaScd this enormous tract Of land

at extremely low prices some years ago,

before the rush of settlers began, and he

is now one of the largest land owners in

Wyoming.



Hundreds Of sheepmen who have been

shipping poorly fattened flocks of lambs

and sheep to market of late because they

objected to running up additional ex-

penses in furnishing them feed will re-

gret this in a short time, for the close of

the range shipping season will make a

big change in market conditions and give

owners of fat stock a fine Opportunity to

make much better terms in selling. The

great falling off in feeding operations

nearly everywhere and the low prices

paid for good feeding lambs, yearlings

and sheep will make a combination

strongly favorable for sheepmen who

know the business. Lambs usually re-

turn the largest profits, as the popular

demand is for lamb moat, and they al~

ways sell (it a liberal advance in prices

over those paid for sheep or yearlings,

although fat little yeai‘lings that can be

substituted in the retail markets for

lambs are good sellers. The great draw-

back to successful results has always

been the failure of thousands of sheep-

men to make their holdings fat enough,

and it is usual on the appearance of se-

vere winter weather to rush in large sup-

plies of half-fat and warmed-up- live

muttons that have to be sold at a sac-

rifice.



The difference in prices paid for flu-

ished cattle and poorly fed lots in the

Chicago market in recent weeks has been

as much as $3 to $4 per 100 lbs. Such an

extremely wide Spread in values will not

be seen in a short time, after the western

range cattle are out of the way, and

stockmen who hays thrifty cattle on hand

should hold them to maturity. notwith-

standing the high price of feed.



Residents of the range states who are

thoroughly informed on such matters say

they never knew so few cattle on the

ranges of Montana, \Vyoming, North Da—





kota, South Dakota, \Vostorn Nebraska,

Colorado, Utah. and the southwest as

now. This is due largely, of course, to





the influx of settlers and a shortage of

feed.



Late reports from stations all through

the state Of Illinois continue to show

heavy losses in the hog industry from

cholera. The Springfield, Illinois, News.

devotes half a page to an account of the

losses sustained. It estimates the loss

at a million pigs and states that whole

herds have been wiped out. The demand

for serum has been unprecedented, with

the result that the supply has been in-

sufficient. and it is stated that every

county in Illinois has been affected.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





.fiamuumuoumm

How to Save

Veterinary Bills





i

Horses are naturally run down at

this season. They need the appetite-

creatlng stimulus that they get only

from pure cane sugar molasses.

John Freer, a Detroit team-owner,

has been feeding Buckeye Feeding





   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Molasses to his horses for three years.

Read what he says:



“1 have twentg-two big. heavy horses, and

have fed them ckeye ceding Molasses for

three years. I formerly paid the veterinary

060 per month—now he and I are strangers. ’



(Signed) JOHN FREER

Detroit, Michigan.





Buckeye Feeding

Molasses





is positively guaranteed to give satis-

factory results.’ We have yet to hear

of a single disappointment.



Properly mixed with feed it cleanses

and purifies the entire system, result-

ing in better digestion, increased vital-

ity, freedom from colds, heaves, worms,

colic, cholera, dysentery, etc.



Saves feed and saves veterinary

bills. But, be sure you get the genu-

,ine Buckeye Molasses.



Every user gets satisfactory results,

so will you. Buckeye Feeding Molasses

is just as Good Ior Cattle. Keeps cows

in fine condition, increases the flow of

milk, and is a wholesome, dependable

tonic.



Great for Sheep—Keeps flock healthy

and well. Adds weight, makes finer

wool and more of it.



Plus lor Hons—Keeps them in per-

fect condition. Use it and you will get

more pork, more shoats.

big hog, no runts.



Free Trial Often—Sign this 001113011

and get our test proposition. Fill it

in and mail today.





W. ll. EDGAR & SON.

543 Lafayette Blvd.. Detroit, Mich.





Every hog a.





   





 





 





 

 

 





 





W. H. Edgar a Son,

.546 Lafayette Blvd., Detroit, Mich.





   

 





I have..... ..... head of cattle ......





 

   

 





sheep .......... hogs and ......... horses.





   





Send me your trial proposition to

prove that Buckeye Feeding Molasses

will benefit all of them.





R F.D ..... ..





   

   





Name......





P.O......





 





.. Staten” ......





 

 

 





 





Mc Mahon’s

Absorbent





Has No Equal for Cure of





injured tendons, bone-

spavin, curbs, splints,





re thoroughpin, bog-



guaranteed-—



money back if



it falls. Mail $1.00 for this

great remedy today





CHICAGO VETERINARY MEDICAL CO.

2470 Calumet Av., Chicago, Ill.





   

 





and other en-





 

 

 





largements.





 

 





 





 





. ’ r U . ‘

1" :. ;. . »' my.» «- "3:”;1331 ' c-l





 





 

 

 

 





This heater is so constructed that the entire heatin



surface is under the water Thousands in use in 25

states. 2 weeks free trial. Send for Price and Catalog

NELSON MFG. 00., 2 Wall St.. Deeri‘ield. Wis





Hardy’s llog House





"It's Portable." made of the best

trugated Galvanized Steel with



mall-steel frame. Guaranteed.



Protects the Bow. and



_ Saves the Pigs!



A warm, d san tary. ventilated house. 5 ft. wide, 6 ft.



long and 4 ft. high. Pays for itself every season.

W” Write for Ipcclai Introductory Price”? 4





Early Manufacturing Co., 303 Union St. Pendleton, Ind.





Don’t Fail to mention the Mich-





gan Farmer when you





 





are writing to advertisers.





 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





-. WWI“,





i

i
506 m





l VETERINARY





 





AAAA





 





 





MAAAAAJAAAAAAAAAAAAAJAA





Advice through this department is free

to our subscribers. Each communication

writ \r. Initials only will be published.

Many qu ries are answered that apply to

case in all; also name and address of

should state history and symptoms of the

the me ailments. If this column is

watched carefully you will probably lind-

the desired information in a reply that

has been made to some one else. When

reply by mail is requested. it becomes

private practice and a fee of $1.00 must

accompany the letter.





 





 





Scouring.—-—Some two weeks ago our 16—

year-old horse commenced scouring and

has kept it up ever since. He is fed corn,

cornstalks, and oats in the bundle. G.

‘W., Shelbyville. Mich—Give your horse

3 drs. sub-nitrate of bismuth and 1/2 oz.

prepared chalk at a dose in feed three

times a day. If you will feed good oats

and well cured timothy, it will help him.



Leucori‘hea.-1 have a mare that is

troubled with leucorrhea and although

she has been treated by a Vet. who

helped her, this ailment has always re—

turned. H. F. (3.. Vernon. Mich—Chronic

leucorrhea is not easily cured. Give her

1 oz. bicarbonate soda and 10 drops creo-

sote. “deechwood,” at a dose in feed

three times a day. DiSSOIVe 1 dr. per-

manganate potash in a gallon of tepid

water and wash out vagina once a daY.



Quarter Crack—~Collar Bolls..—I would

like to know what can be done for a split

beef, the right fore foot seems split up

to hair. but she shows very little lame-

ness. Is there much danger of it fester-

ing? The man i bought her of told me

it was caused by sleigh pole falling on

it. I also have a mare that is troubled

with collar bells and would like to know

how I can get rid of them. F. E. ..

Lake City, Mich—~Lower heels. thin the

edges of beef and burn through upper

part of wall in order that hoof may grow

down solid. The collar boils, if hard

should be cut out. It is needless for me

to say how important it is to have a

well fitting collar. Every work horse is

entitled to a good collar, for if not. he is

liable to have sore shoulders or neck.





Chronic Garget.~—HaVe a cow with a

swollen udder, swells on one side one

day and opposite side the other. Have

had similar trouble with some of my

cows recently and thought perhaps it

might be infectious. H. W. H.. Hersey,

Mich.~-'Your cows suffer from infected

udders and when the udder of a cow be-

comes thoroughly infected, she usually

proves unprofitable for dairy purposes.

Give her 1 oz. doses hypo-sulphite soda

three times a day and apply one part

iodine and 20 parts vaseline daily, for a.

few days. ,



,lloCk or Stifie Soreness.—My ten—year-

ohl mare rests one hind leg after doing

a hard day's work. She has been exam-

ined by two different \‘els. One of them

is inclined to believe she has an enlarged

kidney, the other thinks it back trouble

This mare has no trouble in getting up

and her water is all right. 1 have looked

her over many times and believe the most

of trouble is in stiile joint. C. 13., Parks,

Mich—1 can hardly agree with either of

your Vets. If she had weak back she

would get up with difficulty and horses

seldom have enlarged kidneys. Apply one

part red iodide of mercury and .eight

parts aerate of czlnthnridcs to stifle and

perhaps h'll‘ii once a week.



Preventing Milk Fever—I have a val-

uable six-year—old cow that is due to

come fresh the last of December. Last

year she had an attack of milk fever,

was treated by our local Vet. and well in

a few days. What I would like to know

is if she is more likely to have another

attack and if so how can I prevent it?

(‘. C. D., Grass Lake. Mich.——A cow that

has once had an attack of milk fever is

perhaps a little more likely to have a

second attack, than if she had never

had it. Feed her less nutritious food, ex-

ercise. her more. keep her bowels open

and avoid milking bag more than one-

half or two-thirds empty for two or three

days after calving and she will perhaps

escape another attack. You should keep

on hand a milk fever outfit. if you are

not supplied The. Lawrence Publishing

l‘ompany can fill your order and save

you some money.



Vaginal Polypusfiflnc of my cows has

a hunch in vagina situated fiVe or six

inches from external opening and I wouid

like to know if it is possible to remove

it or not. E. L. I... Farminglon. Mich.

~~r~.'lny \'ct.'can easily remove such a

bunch Without any danger to your cow. I

have removed hundreds of similar

bunches and the operation is usually suc-

l-cssful.



Pigs Cough—l have a bunch of pigs

nearly four weeks old that have coughed

t-VOI‘ since they were two weeks old. Some

of them haVe vomiting spells and are not

thriving. The sows are fed corn and

skimeilk, they are housed in basement

ol‘ hog house with ground floor. 'I might

add they have access to pasture lot. but

do not exercise enough. F. J., Jones.

Mich—Your pigs should be kept in a

dry, clean place. and not allowed to run

outdoors. It is sudden changes of tem-

perature from hot to cold that causes

them to cough. Drugging pigs four weeks

old is not very satisfactory. The pigs

may be wormy and if so give each one

four drops of fluid extract spigelia and

eight drops of syrup or senna at a (“lose

twice a week if a second dose is required.



Dog Has Fleas—We have a rough-

coated dog that is troubled with fleas and

I would, like to know what will drive them

away. G. H. H.. Plainwell, Mich.~Apply

musk to your dog and this rank odor wm

drive the fleas from him. A strong odor

of lavender will also drive most of them

away.





me, .MICHIGAN-EARMER.





 

 

 





Me Send

You Proof





There is nothis‘ like being sure.

I will prove the Mons ines-

betor—price only 01. , freight pro-

paid. sold on 1,3, or 3 months home

test-mil out-hatch a machine made, no

matter what kind or pr co. Don’t you want

to be sure! Why pay more than my price fa

mnchine defeated by my





“World’s Champion

140-Eg ”age §_5

half.“





Incubator m





which is easiest to operate. surest or

results. Let me send you proof in my

his portfolio. "Hatching Feets"—it carries all the evi.

dance—tells on how to start in the poultry busincu on

n profit-mat n basis atssmalloutlay. Hes doublownlb

and door—an dead air space _

All over oop '

nterheaiermel -

safety lamp, nursery, h 3



My :4 Duo

double wombat water top beat

“.35 Guaranteed besl: broades-

mado. 3 50 cos

outfit when ordered toge er,

freight prepaid. My portfolio

proves all. It In a hurry order



.7 - tfrom '



' ‘ this ad on Home Test Plan-thu-

. sands do. I guarantee satis-

flaction or return money.

85 J1! ROHAN, President



Bole City Irish C





       

 





 





.rm





.. ., '1 .

“Midst Brooder Ba 1 fiifiifi a





SPLENBI’D GROPS





."' Saskatchewan (Western Canada)





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





of wheat was the thresher’s re-

turn from a Lloydmlnster farm

durin one season. Many fields

in tha as well as other districts

yielded from 25 to 85 bushels of

wheat to the acre. Other grains

in proportion.





Large Profits

.- are thus derived from the



,R E E H 0 . ST E A D

L AND S of Western Canada.

This excellent showing causes dprlces

to” advance. Land values should ouble





wing. mixed farming



cattle ru slug and (lairyln arenll

profitable. 1. rec Homestea so! 180

acres are to be had in the very best

districts: loo-acre pro-em tion at



3.0 racre within certa n areas.

. choo s and churches in every set-

tlement. climate unexceiled. soil

the richest: wood. water and build-

ing material plentiful.



For settlers‘ low railway rates and illus-

trated pamphlet. "Last West.” and

other information. write to Supt. Im-

migration, Ottawa.Con.. or Camuov. A31.



W- G. McINNES.

176 Jefierson Ave. Detroit, Mich.

C. A. LAURIER. lsrouene. lid].





 





 





 





SEND FOR FREE CATALOG

Dunham Pulverizcrs, Packers and Rollers are

made suitable to every soil lormation. Single

and double gang pulverizers. . Flenblc and

jointed-frame pulverizers. Combination surface





and sub-surface packers. All s rollers.





Pipe and T Bar Rollers.





20-01) First Ave.

e Bom.0hio.U.S.A.





 





 





 





BREEDERS’ DIRECTORY.

CA'rl‘LE.





ABERDEEN-ANGUS.





Herd. consisting of Trojan Ericas Blackhirds and

Pridee. only. is headed by orton W. a Tmian Erica.

by Black Woodlawn. sire of t 6 Grand Chan: ion steer

and bull at. the International in Chicago. 90.. 1910.

He is assisted by Undulats Blackbird Ito



WOODCOTE STOCK





FARM. nuns. Mich.

AYRS H IRE





~—One of foremost dairy

’mbreeds: y‘lj’ufit bulls];



db ll .alvesi’or sale. Berk reswine. .o r _

33m ‘iurgd. Michigan School for Deaf. Flint. ich.





. A

el ht, months old. Adv. Rog. An-

Guernsey Bu", (gators have large milk and

butter records 6. A. WIGENT. Watervliet. Mich.





---T _' lied Durham Bulls and live

For sale nghh‘ging gilers and we. 850 . one

if taken quick. J. E. CLARK. Milford. Mich.





H E R E F0 R D S‘Ri‘hsa‘iiie" 2E3. $3.133?





China hogs. ALLEN BROS. Paw Paw. Mich.





“Top-Notch” HOLSTEINS.





A fine oun bull from an Advanced Registry dam,

Iris Cornyueopsia Count De Kol No. 7858. Born Oct. 13.

1910. Sire. Pletertje Hengerveld Mercena King.

Dam. Iris Cornucopia PietertJe Pauline. who has an

oflloiai record at 2 years 20 days old as follows-Mills

1 day. 46.7 lb..; milk. 7 dare. attains: Butter. 7 days.

14.97 lbs. She gave 8281 lbs. milk in 315 davs‘ut 2 years

old. Her dam has an official record of 1173's lbs. hul-

ter in 7 days and [rave 110181bs. milk in 306 days; and

her granddam has an Oifioml record of 17.71 lbs;

butter in 7 days. made at 1-1 years old. and gave 1.497.)

lbs. milk in 313 days The sire of this young bull is a

grandson of Pieter-tie Hengorveld 5 Count De Kol

who has 8‘daughters with oifioisl records that average

over 30 lbs. butter in '1 days and 12 daughters that

average over 100 lbs milk in I'day. He comes. from

large producers on both sides, is a good individual,

nicely marked Vfiifih more black than whlte. Weight,



:' lbs. Price 3 .

7’0 McPHERSON FARMS 00.. Howell. illicit.





lDid Not Sell 20 Holsieln Bulls in Nov.

I Want to finish the Job in December.





Send for 111 Dec. Announcement. Select a

bull from it. grder him QUICK. Several from

A. R. O. dams, and sired by Johanna Concordia

Champion. the only bull in service whose grand

dams average 34.06 lbs. butter in 7 days. Also

yearling heifers bred to him.





 





L. E. CORNELL, - Fayette. Ohio.





 





HOLSTEIN BULLS m





EFOR SALEE





Mtered bulls from four to ten months old for

sole that are closely related to Hansel-void

De Kol De Kols 2nd Butter Boy 3rd. and Colan-

tha 4th 9 Johanna. The dams are heavy milkers

and mostly in the A. R. 0. Prices reasonable.

Send for list. Illelow’s Holstein hm. ”Wick





loom! suu stews ”new “use

good dam. C. D. WOODBU Y. Lansing, ch.





 





 





I I I ' ..

llolslelfimsan Callie Efifii‘“..‘bo‘f.i‘?g“.d‘}‘b’r°$£

woe. W. B. JONES. Oak Grove. Mich.





Purebred Registered





['1 OLSTE IN CATTLE



‘ The Greatest Dairy Breed



” ‘ Sold for FREE 111.com Booklets.



Holstein-Friction. Aston Box I“. Bretdoboth.

EGIBTERED JERSEYS l‘or Bale—Some combin.





ing the blood of St Lo is nd Chicano W rld’e

Fair Champions by HERMA‘fi sinus. Reese. flick.





Jersey Bull calf





Dropped Dec. 6. 1910.





Sire. Marston’s interested Prince





Has three daughters in Register of Merit with

yearly records.





He is seen of imported Interested Prince. 18

daughters in Register of Merit.





Dam is No. 773 Register of Merit 11, 115

lbs. Milk, 511 lbs. Butter Fat, equal

to 602 lbs. Butter in one year. 56 lbs.

milk in one day.





 





1‘





Winner in Show Ring, also Competitive Dairy

Test, Michigan State Fair. For price address





T. F. MARSTON,

Box L, Bay City, Michigan.





LILLIE FARMSTEAD JERSEYS.





Cows all in yearly test. Four Bulls old enou h for

sex-Vice. Several s lsndid Bull Calves. g few

Heifers and Heifer alves. I guarantee satisfaction

or money refunded. '



COLON C. LILLIE. Coopersvllle. Michigan.





1 from 2 to 12 months. grand eons of

IPIS‘ein Buns Hengerveld De Kol. King Se is.

King Veeman De K0]. and King of the Bengervel s—

all irom grand old dams. Prices very low, ,breeding

considered. Long Beach Holstein Farm. Augusta, Mich.





FOR SALE—>3 year-ll

. bred l‘ei





 





Holstein-Friesian bulls. also



fox-s 0150 to each. Bull calves 840 to $80.

33 years a breeder. Photos and pedi was on nppll.

cation. W. C. Jackson. South Bend. d.. 719 Rex St-





BUTTER BRED JEIER‘SIIEIYSELJIIEJLS





CRYSTAL SPRING STOCK FARM.

Silver Creek. Allegan County. Michigan.





— i . 3

Jersey Bull Call ior Sale figufififigfggf

St. Lambert bull. Dam. Register of Merit. one full

sister and eight. half sisters Register of Merit animals.

WATERMA & WATERMA , Ann Arbor. Mich.





JERSEY BULLS FOR SALE





Sired b ' ’l‘emisia's Interested Prince 71648. whose dam

made '4‘. lbs. butter in one .vesr. authenticated test.

Choice individuals. Prices Reasonable.





snooxwmn FARM. Allll Alana. 111011., ll. F. n. 7.

Red Polled Bull Calves





61:07 months old. 340 to $50. Cows $0 to 875. Also

Percheron Stallion 8 rears old fine style. a big

bargain at saw. E. BRACKETT a; SON. Allegun, Mich





—2 y 1m 3

son SALE Buns asbfirifi

if taken now. J. M. CHASE .1 iso s. Ionic. Mich.





Dairy Bred Shorthornsillé‘?“ m? i‘v‘ii’fififif





Cash or good note. J. B. HUMM , Mason. Mich.





Choice Yearling Shorilwrn Bull km};





or

ticulars write to Meyer Bros. R. No. 7. Howell. Mfch.





 





 





 





 





 





SHEEP.





' ~Yeurling and rum lambs from Cham ion

“1003193 fleck of Thumb of Mich. Also select rk-

elm-e swine. Elmhurst Stock Farm. Almont. Mich.





CROICE DELAINE RAMS i=3 stimuli?





Also bred ewes. S. H. SANDERS. Ashtabulu. Ohio.





—o

OXford DOW]! Shee Rafian‘eggggf 511:3];





forszllo. I. R. WATERB BY. Highland. Michigan.





~Registered and bred t. i rted

DXfol’d Ewes for sale at l‘armers' orig)? Addm

13. It. Miller or GEO. L. Spillane, lglint. Michigan.





Rambaulllel Rammed. .2l2“.£2.‘lf£3‘§?;

lambs. A. E. GREEN. Orchard Lake. Mich. Bell phone.





Re . Ram “Wish to

both sexgcs. All‘nlzelegg-w‘iillets close out





. F —2

Mornce. on G. '1. R. R. and M. U. “.11er 0.53.ng8%.





Oak Hill Stock Farm





VON HOMEYER RAMBOUILL" RAMS

at farmers for the next. 90 (lays. Large. plain.





8311089

heavy (100? - C. E. LOCKWOOD, Washington. Mich.





 





AI’LE nipo E SHROPBHIREs—For sale u: l

M ram. The Manager. and 'esrling rams ande e355

sired by this noted ram. H. tewart. Lennon. Mich.





_E’ l . ‘ . I I

For Sale $42.23;" Shropshire Yearling Ewes

cheap. JONES & MURRISH. Flushins. Michigan.





snkopslflng registered ram lambs $12 each.

c. J. Tuon‘g‘sbh.mi'logitioSd.B°filrzl§?§;g°'





WANTEn-‘gllufn militant] two “dd ttihree-year-olid

(NYSE In



a??? are not; bredI itw legit Yvon id p‘refer.)lrWelllrd‘gl‘l?erg



' e vn (us you pres .n.l.tthl .



JOHN8 L. fills”. Quinnesec. lilcfilgmuecfiftiiigfi.





Shropshire Bargains:

EVVES and RAMS—Forty bl . etron well covered

yearling rams from imported sfi‘os. 8st efactlon nur-

anwed. J. n. OTTAWAY & co. tin-hing. nigh.





8HROPSHIBE yearling Rams and O. I. 0 Spring

BoarslSo a. Oneyorll Bo. '

lambs later. s. E. and!” on?’n:l%%'t3§f‘%3fi°





 





i





one. 9.1911.





mm liens for Sale. ‘

I‘L'BMKAW. nude. W

H008.





Bmflfsloiu“"“‘ ‘" °““"“"



living prices. it. re" mi? obs. u‘lfifi‘fii‘d‘

-B!0d



“WSW smut?“ “g “‘33”





for

splendid individuals with fanc has 1'. use ab 0

prices. 0. C. COREY. New ileurfi‘hi‘ichigsx:





Thoroughbred Bel-Miro Breed Sm for Sale.

3}§u{?"ln‘«il egfigiufinllST‘TfiT' T° “in"

pi-ollllo.y boutllubsy. oniy'ells.q t’ In“ '"

BOUGEMONT FARMS. Detroit. Elohim.





E NG LISH Berks): lrefhocs and Oxford Down sheep of

both sexes and nllm‘fes. priced awu down for nick

sale. Stock guarantee . B. B. Beaver. Akron, ich.





on sun. mains—2 boar-ea a gilt! hrsowed in Jun.

also a choice lotot Aug. and Sept. pigs, sired by Handsome

Prince til I: lax-ion King. A. A. PA'I'I'ULLO. Decker-ville. lick.





Berkshires—$5.; ”63$. 132351. “3K6





for sole. 0. s. sssrm'r. .Pontiac. Mich.





lvnl 0- 1.201% creme

”.3331... I". K'.’ C. nliweliieu-man, Roll-iguana. C:





O. I. C. SWINE‘i‘icefii'fic 33%?

strairn‘both Imales a-nd {mafia flu-its tfell-“Live and

'° ”obifiolc‘. 118:me is. ‘3. Sagas“...





u I c SWINE—Moles weighinilfrom 175 to $0

- - - lbs. each. Also a very c olce lot. of ilts

GEO. P. ANDREWS. Dansvllle. Indium 00.. ch.





9 ——Best unlity, lax mwthr

0- l- C S For sale type. neither consign not

akin. some fine bred ilts choice lot of f lpigs all

ages. OTTO B. SCHEME. Nashville. Michigan.





of rl t t and breed-

Os 1. Ce SWine in .‘lWrimour wants.

OTIS GBEENMAN. R. Bellevue. Mich.





O I. Q's-Borne all sold. Choice youn sows weigh-

. ing 18) alsofil) Aug. llSept. ifil. cit. or sex. pairs

no skin. Order early. Fred Niche . onroe. Mioh.,R.1.





O I. C.~Sprlng boars all sold. A few lengthysgilbs

. to be bred for A ril furrow. Choice Aug. & opt.

pigs. cheap. A. N , MAN, 1i.'No. 1. Mariette. Mich.





u i c Phoice Boats and Gilts. April. Aug. and Sept.

- I - arrows. Registeredt'reein purchaser'sname.

Glenwood Stock Farm. Zeelund. Mich. Phone 94.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





OUR Imp. Chester Whites and Tamworth swine won

24.5 let. at Fain in 1911. Service boars. also sows bred

for spring flu-row of either breed that. will please you

in quality and price. Adams Bros. Litchiield. Mich.





-—-Youn breeders of March. April

improved Chesien and ay fart-ow, either sex.

A low tried sows for sale when bred. Also Holstein

cattle W. 0. WILSON. Okemos, Mich. Both phones.





D U ROG J E RSEYS‘fiiéhl‘i‘ p.32:





ent. CAREY U. EDMONDS, Hastings, Mich.





DURGC JERSEYS FOR SALE‘EE’fcllél-Jéflifi‘i‘.’





JOHN McNICOLL. ll. No. 1, North Star. Mich.





UROC-JERSEY BOARS of the large. heav boned ‘

_ tylpe and 00d in 3?uality. also gills and all pigs

for sa 9 M. . BRA . Okemos. (Ingham Co.) Mich.





FOR SALE‘R‘L’tfff‘s‘LEREEJ 19593311”:

press prepaid. J. H. iNGHAH'IP Lansing. Mich.





ready for servic . B ciul

30 High Class Boats prices for 30 drugs. lylcenty

of growth. style and finish. Satisfaction guaranteed.

Come or write. J. C. BARNEY. Goldwater. Mich





LARGE TYPE I) C ~Largest in Michigan. Pigs

. u o from mammoth sires and



cows. Welsh 100 to 1751bs. at 4 months. My motto—-



“Not how cheap but how ." W



pence-s of those who come an do not



advertise. W. E. LIVINGSTON. Purina. Mich.





BUTLEB’S BIG "PE P0”ND-0Hllll$‘§‘.f§mb°“i¢





his fall bears .c :25; 100 a ring pigs :10 mus: 50 mi‘ i s

55 each: 60 registered 8 mp bucks at $10 to 3115: 6:288.

Jersey bulls “$15 to 825: 50 re . Shrop ewes at. 510. e

are the farmer's friend. J. C. utler. Portland. Mich.





' —Sprins and fall 1 of 1

MIN chums medium style. at figt rlogseeitglge-

sex. E. D. BISHOP. Route 38, Lake ado-a. Mich

«Thor-o hbredPoland Chin S ‘ .

For Sale Prize winners at. State sndnCdvulrriltBy

Fairs. W. F. QUIRK. Bingaplds. Michigan.

cum) CH1NAS;—Homc of Michigan's Grand Champion





Boer: lane. nowthy spring Instr and slits by this great

sire; they're priced right. E. J. MATHEWSON, Nottaws. Mich.





--E t

Poland Chlnas as“. mailer 2::

L. W. BARNES l! SON. Byron. Bhinwnssee 00.. Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





FOB SALE—Poland China boars and sows. Holstein

bulls. White Holland Turkeys. Barred Plymouth

Rooks. Collie Pups. L. Birkenstock. Fall River. Wis.





P. 13. Bears and Fall Pl 5 23$g?‘5§§?*§?;

norcs. fowls. Northru and anadn stock. butle-

tion guaranteed. . W. MILLS. Saline. Mich.





—Bred from lur e ty 9. St '

P0181111 Chinas all ages. both noise. a: Fillmoefi:

prices. W. J. HAGELS AW, Augusta. Michigan.

—8 ial saloon] ea 1'

Poland Chinas egg: and full 213: ”31

both sexes. B. J. LANE. Clare. Michigan.





 





d ' B . '

SPECIAL SllE fifidié’ilaé‘lfsphlm 1).??3bgé’é‘iligfffl

horn Bull Calves. ROBE i'l‘ NEVE. Pierson. Mich.





l T a. C. Wars and Sow simm

9019 X1) A. woop & soN. Saline. mscmfiixn-





Three Extra Hood FallP. 0. Bears





By Next In Line. 32 spring male pigs ready to shi .

I ship 0. O. D. and furnish igree promptly. ff

you want good as the best, wt to me for prices.





WM. WAFFLE. Goldwater. Michigan.

”meted Hogs—Stock of all ages for sale Price rig-hi:





Best. uality. Bred sow Sale Fe

G. C. KRE LO“. Ada. Hardin 00.. Ohio.





PURE BllEll YORKSHIRES. “icifiiz‘r‘él‘l’fiififl‘mglfi





1'

old enough for service. M. C.%l’IL80N. Morley. Mich.





lillie. Farmstead Yorkshires.





Boare old enough for service. Afew bred Bows.

Fall Plus. pairs and trio: not skin. Iwill sell you fall

pigs at prices that Will an rise you Satisfaction

guaranteed. COLON C. LILL . Coopersvllle. Mich.





Li! e ls l lorlshim“"’ “a“ ’°'- 3“” h"

magublmdggm wn. Parklegrgraitdlhific. £533





 





at Lima.
, ll





 





 





 





 





 





’ DEC. 9, 1911. ,





EPOULT Y BEES?





POULTRY As'A FACTOR IN DIVERSI-

FIEDV'FARMI‘NG.





 





 





 





 





The oft-repeated statement that, upon

the general farm, poultry is seldom given

the attention which it deserves is too

often true. Diversified farming has an

advantage over specialized farming in

that the farmer is not entirely dependent

upon one crop or product. Upon the

general farm poultry is simply one of a

variety of interests to which the farmer

looks for his livelihood and profit. The

fact, however, that he is not dependent

upon a single crop or product does not

excuse neglect or out—of—date methods in

the handling of one of his varied inter-

ests, for it should be clear to anyone that

the loss sustained in one branch is pretty

apt to offset the profit from another. The

ability of poultry to more than pay its

way and to become a prominent factor

in successful diversified farming, has

been demonstrated by many good farm-





‘ers, but the fact remains that upon a





great many farms poultry is an expensive

luxury rather than a profit-yielding

branch of the diversified farming system

being carried on.



Raising chickens, like raising any other

kind of farm stock, is profitable accord-

ing to the degree of knowledge, and

painstaking attention devoted to the busi-

ness by the raiser. By some farmers

chickens are not believed to be profitable,

and raising them is looked upon as a

business scarcely deserving the attention

of men. The man who takes an interest

in fowls, and gives them his personal

care, is frequently dubbed a “hen gran-

ny,” a term of contempt. But it is really

a business of greater dimensions than most

men think. In the report of the Secre—

tary of Agriculture we find the following:

“The eggs and poultry produced on the

farms are worth as much as the cotton

crop, with seed included; or the hay crop,

or the wheat crop."



In the first place, the man who keeps

chickens at all should haVe a good house

in which to shelter them. It need not be

expensive, but, in whatever style it may

be built, two things are absolutely essen-

tial, and Without these success cannot

be expected. The building must be wind

proof and water proof—the roof must

keep out the rain, and the sides. must be

tight enough to keep out the wind and

snow. There is much talk about “cloth

fronts,” and. perhaps, good thick tent

cloth will take the place of boards, but

will not be much cheaper nor last nearly

so long. Chicken houses are usually

built with a shed roof, but the ridge roof

costs only a little more and looks much

better. My henhouse is 10x16 feet, and

eight feet high to the plates, with a ridge

roof. For the weatherboarding, inch

boards were nailed to the sills and plates

vertically and the cracks battened. It is

shingled with pine shingles and has a

latticed cupola for ventilation when the

door and windows are shut. The floor

is made with planed boards and therefore

easily swept. The outside door is in the

side opposite the prevailing wind; there

is a. glass window to the left of the door,

and another in the opposite gable. There

are two apartments—the one for a feed-

ing and nesting room, and the other for

the roosting room. The door between

the two apartments can be closed when

occasion reuiqres. The perches are all

of the same height from the floor to pre-

vent quarreling over the highest seats,

Ind a hen ladder leads to them.





Authorities are not agreed in regard to

the amount of floor space needed for each

fowl to preserve health. My opinion is

that four or five square feet for each

fowl is none too much.



Cleaning roost rooms is too much neg-

lected. Some farmers do not clean them

oftener than once a year. Once a day

would be more nearly the proper thing

where many hens are kept, as the fumes

from droppings that are allowed to ac-

cumulate. under the perches will cause

disease.



After the building and equipping of a

houSe comes the selection of a breed.

Any of the improved breeds that has

been kept pure is superior to cross-breds.

It is better to keep a single breed than

to have three or four and get them

mixed, as will inevitably be the ease.

Where a large amount of flesh is desir-

able an Asiatic breed is the one wanted.

These fowls will not lay as many eggs as

some of the smaller breeds. Where eggs

are. in greater demand than broilers, the

smaller breeds will be the more profitable,

and it is claimed that the Leghorns are





 





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER. (7)





at the head of the egg-producing list.

I have had experienCe with the Black

Langshans, White Wyandottes and Ply-

mouth Rocks, and could never decide

which breed was the best.



Even where widely. diversified farming

is practiced 'poultry can and should be

made to pay the same as any other

branch of the business. By means of

proper fencing the fowls may be ex-

cluded from the lawn and garden, and

there will still remain, upon most farms,

sufficient range to supply an ordinary

farm flock at least half of the food the

fowls require during the growing season,

and this without visiting the grain fields,

which they should not be allowed to do.

A flock of healthy, thrifty fowls may

thus be cheaply reared which at the close

of the, season may be quickly fattened by

forced feeding in crates and turned into

cash, or, in case the laying breeds are

raised, the females may be given suitable

quarters in which, under proper feeding,

they will yield a steady income through-

out the winter.



Pa. J. W. INGHAM.





 





MARKETING EGGS.





In marketing eggs it is a decided ad-

vantage financially to seek private cus-

tomers, the same as many do with butter.

In order to secure such a trade one must

be extremely particular about the quality

and also about the appearance of the

product offered. A soiled egg should nev-

er be included, nor any not strictly fresh.

Eggs of doubtful origin may better be

left at home where they can be tested

out. A single bad one in a lot is suffi-

cient to make a customer suspicious. The

idea is to establish confidence in the pro-

duct, and to this end every egg should

be guaranteed.



Uniformity of size and color is desir-

able. Either brown or white shells look

more attractive by themselves than when

the twb colors are placed in the same

package. Extremely small eggs are not

satisfactory to the customer who is pay-

ing a fancy price, nor should he be asked

to accept them. It is good policy to cull

to a uniform size, when they fall far be-

low the standard, and leave out the small

ones. ‘





As to the package, the cartons holding,





one dozen each are to be had at very

small expense and, in, working for a

fancy trade nothing else should be con-

sidered. These may be had stamped with

the name of the farm if desired, a feature

which it is well to consider.



In any sizable city or town are plenty

of people who will pay more than the

market price for eggs that come to them





under a positive guarantee such as above





suggested. It means a good deal to one



dependent upon buying to know that ev—



ery egg can be relied upon, and such



a product will command a fancy price



any day in the year.



ELLA E. Rocxwoon.

TREATING CANKER IN CHICKENS.

Canker is quite prevalent among fowls



at present on aCcount of the very cold



rainy weather. I have had considerable

experience in successfully treating this

disease and will give my method.



The symptoms are yellow matter of a

cheesy appearance attached to the mem—

brane of the throat, windpipe or eyes;

matter has offensive odor; when windpipe

is affected the chicken breathes heavily

and often wheezes. This disease is sim-

ilar to diphtheria and very contagious.

The causes are exposure to wet and cold,

poorly ventilated damp houses, and great

variation between day and night tem-

peratures.



To check its progress in the flock, sepa-

rate the diseased chickens from the oth-

ers and place them‘in a clean airy coop.

Color the drinking water of all fowls

pink with permanganate of potash. Clean

out the house and put in fresh litter.

Remove the windows and cover the open-

ings with muslin. Spray a weak coal tar

solution over the chickens on the roosts.



For treating the sick fowls, take a

small stick about six inches long and

Whittle one end flat or spoon shaped.

With this ‘stick remove every particle of

cheesy matter from the mouth and

throat. The spots will bleed a little but

this will do no harm as you must get

rid of the yellow matter of you cannot

cure the fowl. When this is off, dip a.

clean feather into peroxide of hydrogen

and touch it to every portion of the mem-

brane from which matter was *removed.

This, when thoroughly applied, will just

about clean out the canker. Repeat if

necessary until the affected membrane

becomes normal.



If this disease is allowed to run until





 





 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 





507





\





/-depOSll mane

* every man th?





 

 





 





There is not a month in the

twelve that the farmer in the Gulf

Coast Country of Texas and Louisiana

can’t make some crop. He has no long

periods when he remains idle while his ex-

penses keep going. It makes a big difierence

in the bank balance when every month pro.

duces and no month reduces.

You may have heard of the big profits growers

in the Gulf Coast Country of Texas and

Louisiana make from garden truck; but don't

get the idea from this that you can’t grow

staples there. This Country is as much better than other places, for staples, as

it is for garden truck. This year Wm. Borchett, of Mercedes, who planted





24 acres of alfalfa, netted $1872





in the Rio Grande valley of the Gulf Coast Country of Texas and Louisiana. He cut

7 tons to the acre and sold it for $16 a ton, or $2688. Planting, water, Cutting and

baling Cost $816, leaving a net profit of $1872, or $78 an acre.



Corn, Cotton and other staples do equally well. You can grow a crop of potatoes, or

other vegetables, before you plant your staple, and often another crop after you harvest it.





Investigate This Wonderful Country





Pleasant, healthful and profitable. Warm in winter. Cooled in Bummer by deli htful

Gulf breezes. Hospi table people, good schools, churches, telephone. rural free de ivery

and good markets. Go down this winter, while the price of land is low. On the first

and third Tuesdays of each month, round trip tickets via the Frisco to any part of the

Gulf Coast Country of Texas and Louisiana would cost no more than $37.50 from

Chicago;$32.50 from St. Louis and Kansas City; $37.50 from Birmingham; $20 from

New Orleans and Baton Rouge. To many points fares are even less.





The Frisco Lines operate splendid, electric lighted, solid steel trains, daily, from

Chicago, St. Louis, Kansas City, Birmingham and New Orleans. Every day these

trains carry through cars andon excurson days tourist sleepers to the Gulf Coast Country.





Three Splendid Books FREE





One on the mid-coast country of Texas, one on the lower Irrigated

sections of the Rio Grande Valley. and one on Louisiana. They show

scenes in actual colors. and describe the country and crops, giving

personal statements by men who have gone there and made good.

Write for your free copies today.





A. HILTON , General Passenger Agent, F risco Lines, 1 4 30Frisco Bldg.,St.Louio,Mo.





 





lCabbageWeighing

’24 Poundsin March





raised in Southern Alabama, Western Florida and along the Gulf



Coast, with shipping season commencing early in March, and

commanding from 82.00 to 82.50 per crate at shipping point.



e tutoes wil yield mom



making





This 3am and then planted in sweet

0150 per acre, and, In addition, an excel ent forage crop,





3 Crops a Season From Same Land





No long winters, but an average of 312 workin do a. ear.

Stock needs little protection and thrives on grazing {languid

with an abundance of good water. Send for our booklets and

read of the actual experiences of former Northern and Western

farmers who are ragldly becoming rich off the fertile lands of

Alabama, Georgia, ennessee, Mississippi and Western Florida.





10' IOIIlD-Tllll’ RATES Isl All 31! TUESDAYS EACH MONTH





G. A. PARK, Gen’l Immigration and Industrial Agent

Louisville at Nashville R. R. Room 256 Louisville, Ky.





 





 





BUY BONDS





Accepted by the U. 8. Government as security for





Postal Savings Bank Deposits





That is the only class of bonds we offer you.

But—instead of the 2 percent the Postal Banks





would pay you, these Bonds 1 3

will yield from - - - 42 % to 44 70





list of these high-grade Bonds.

it—It’s FREE.





New First Nat’l Bank DEF; Columbus, 0.





We have a complete Ask for‘





 





 





 





 





 





 





When Writing to Advertisers please

Mention the Michigan Farmer.
508 (s)

the cankerous growth invades the wind-

pipe, it is doubtful whether you can cure

the fowl. The most I haVe been able_ to

do in such cases is to attempt to remove

the matter with a feather, removing the

web from the feather except at its tip,

dipping it into the peroxide and twisting

it about in the windpipe after the fashion

of using a feather in removing gape

worms from the Windpipe of a growing

chick. However, I do not think anyone

has been successful in scraping off a

growth of canker inside the windpipe,

and unless it can be removed the fowl

will suffocate. As long as the canker

does not enter the windpipe it is easily

cured. Mas. A. D. PITCHER.



WAY OF' INTRODUCING QUEENS



THAT HAS ADVANTAGES.





 





 





 





Last year I tried a new method of in-

troducing queens which 'proved quite

successful. My plan is to go to a hive to

which you wish to introduce a. new queen,

taking out about four frames of capped

brood with all the adhering bees and

putting them into an empty hive. Be

sure that you leave the old queen in the

old hive. On top of the frames in the

new hive place the queen cage containing

the new queen, close up the hive and

contract the entrance to about an inch.

The older bees will leave the hive and join

the old stand, but the young bees will

liberate the queen in two or three days

and accept her all right. After she has

begun laying you can go to the old hive

and kill the old queen. After about two

days of queenlessness the bees in the old

hive can be taken out, frames and all,

and transferred to the new one. They

will almost always unite with the young

bees peaceably. The advantages of this

method are that you can introduce a

queen the same day you receive her, and

the old queen keeps on laying while the

young one is being introduced. Should

the bees prove hostile to the young queen

and kill her. we still have the old one

left, laying away without interruption.



New Jersey. F. G. HERMAN.





 





PROGRAM FOR MICHIGAN BEE-

KEEPERS’ ANNUAL MEETING.





The annual meeting of the Michigan

Bee-keepers’ Association, to be held at

Saginaw next week, will comprise four

sessions, the first of which will convene

at 1 p. m. Wednesday, Dec. 12. This

session will be strictly a business one

and therefore fully as important to all

members of the Association as those

which follow. in addition the address of

President Townsend and the annual re-

port of Secretary-Treasurer ’I‘yrrell, a

revision of the constitution will be up for

adoption. The election of officers and _a.

general discussion of questions of buSi-

ness will also occur at this time. .The

program announced for the remaining

sessions is as follows:



Wednesday, Dec. 13, 7 p. m.



The li‘oul Brood Fight in Michigan, In—

spector G. E. Sanders, Lansing.



What shall be done to prevent the

spread of European foul brood ? E. R.

ltoot, Medina, Ohio.



Foul brood legislation, E. M. Hunt,

Lansing.



Thursday, Dec. 14, 8:30 a. m.



What is the next best move for the

Association to make? Jenner E. Morse,

Saginaw.



How to run an apiary to best control

the spread of foul brood, A. H. Guern-

sey, lonia.



Out-apiaries, Ira D. Bartlett, East Jor-

dan.



The future of Michigan bee-keeping, E.

D. Townsend, Remus.



Thursday, Dec. 14, 1 p. m. .



Production of comb honey, 1... S. Griggs,

Flint. ,



Production of extracted honey, L. C.

'Whocler, Barryton.



Honey exhibits at fairs, C. M. Nichols,

Addison. ‘



Bee-keeping for ladies, Mrs. S. Wilbur

Frey, Sand Lake.



An exhibition of apiary products has

been provided for through the offering of

first, second, and third premiums for each

of the following: Best 10 sections of

comb honey; best 10 jars of extracted

honey; three best sections of white comb

honey; cleanest sample of 10 lbs. bees—

wax.



“First Lessons in Bee-keeping”



is the title of a recently issued revision

of the book. “Bees and Honey," published

some years ago by the late Thomas C.

Newman, then editor of the American

Bee Journal. The work of revising the

book and bringing it fully up to date was

performed by C. P. Dadant, a recognized

authority on bee—keeping in both America

and Europe. The result is a neat volume

of nearly 200 pages especially adapted to

the needs of present and prospective bee

owners who have had little or no experi-

ence in the business. In his presentation

of methods the author has limited the

choice to the most simple ones available

at the present time, the only other re-

quirement being that they shall be en-

tirely safe and practicable. The book.

bound in paper, and profusely illustrated

is from the press of the American Bee

Jaurnal, Chicago. The price, postpaid,

is 50 cents per copy. It may be ordered

through the Michigan Farmer.





 

 

 





 

 





y

To Get More Eggs





Remember it is not always the amount of ration a hen eat: that goes to make gs, but the ' ll



amount she'digun—keep that fact uppermost in your mind—act on it—and you'l make the egg ‘, l.

business a paying business. Dr. Hess has compounded a number of bitter tonic: which help the hen it"

to digest more of her food and thereby increase her egg yield. » 1





llll. HESS Poultry PAN—A—cE-A ‘





is the personal formula of Dr. Hess (M.D., D.V.S.); it solves the problem of con-

verting nutritious food elements into eggs by sound digestion. By exactly the

same process, Dr. Hess Poultry Pan-a-ce-a. fattens broilers and helps the

chicks to vigorous maturity. A penny’s worth feeds thirty fowl per day

—-sold under the most liberal guarantee.





Our Proposition— You. buy Dr. Hess Poultry Pan-a-ce-a of your

dealer. If it fails to make your hens lay more eggs and keep your

poultry healthy, he is authorized by us to refund our money.

1% lbs. 25c; mail or express 40c; 5 lbs. 60c; 12 bs. $1.25;

25 lb. pail $2.50; except in Canada and the extreme West.

If your dealer cannot supply you, we will. Send 2c

for Dr. Hess 48-page Poultry Book, Free.





on. Hess a. CLARK

Ashiand. Ohio





 

   

   

 





 

   





   

   

 

   

 

 





 

 

 





 

   

   





-.~-.





 

 

 





 





 

 





DR. HESS 51' 00K TONIC. Been 18 years on the market—proved a continuous suc-

cess as a flesh, muscle and milk producer. Good for Horses, Steers, Hogs, Cattle and Sheep. Increases

digestion—lessens nutritive waste of feed—makes a splendid conditioner. Not a ration—but makes a ration more

valuable. Guaranteed just the same as Dr. Hess Poultry Pan-a—ce—a. 100 lb. sack $5.00; 25 lb. Pail $1.60. Except in

Canada and extreme West and South. Send 20 for Dr. Hess Stock Book, free.



Free from the ‘I It to Che I 0th of each month—Dr. Hess (M.D., D.V.S.) will prescribe for your ailing



animals. 96-page Veterinary Book free for the asking. Mention this paper



and enclose 2c stamp. '





 





   

   

 





 

 

 

 





 





 

 

 

 





 





Hunters and Trappers

Ship All Your Furs to Us





We will Pay you Highest Market Prices, give you liberal assortment and prompt pay-

ments. Our fifty-eight years of successful business is a guaranty of satisfaction. We

refer you to any mercantile house in America. You will be money, in pocket if you

ship all your Furs to us. Ask any of our customers. We will send you free of charge

our Fur List with prices on all grades of Furs. We want you to have it.





»~-~ \Traugott Schmidt 8; Sons, Detroit, Mich.





.se





m .

a . \





 





 





EVERYTHING 53%

POULTRY BREEDER





Modeliood, Modeimasii,

Modolchicii, Model Beveloping Food,

Model Pigeon Feed.





Agents for Pi airie State and Buckeye Incubators,



the 20th Century Feeder and Exerciser, and Non.



freezmg Sanitary Poultry Fountain—No Lamp,

Write Your Wants.





THE MODEL MILLING 60..

rear HURON. MICH.





llllllili RUIIER visceral“ "items:

ders now. J. GORDON DRA E, Port Huron, ich.

EMWOOD Farm Poultry agfiin win Stateb‘aim. Bd.





Rooks, R. I, Reds, Pekin ticks. Choice to k

ready. 0. D.Woodworth, R. 13. Grand BapiilaoMilool:





cHoIoE s. c. n. onruuerons—Esl‘mmfi





hatch. OTIS GREENMAN. B. 4. Bellevue, Mich.





Y entire stock of thoroughbred S. C.

Leghorn. and busineu for sale. Writ’.elc?ll"‘¢::.lviI

LEWIS , OPPENLAN‘DER. R. No. 4. Leasing Mich.





‘IEGGM‘KEHS’ks' 0; 3m“ Legions. 8m wide

53 and 85.00 each. re gmbbbogfirfi‘mgmfi





30 Barred Rock Cociprdt‘g‘.“i»£"‘y%.‘éit‘m£.h



82 sound 83. Lake Ridge Farm. Lauri". ich.

UFF & White Orni n8. Buff l White m.

Barred & White R00. 8. & . 0. Rhode hlfifihfieds





Pkls. Selects $3. Medium! 02 Utilit .

s tifaotion uaranteed. n. .YKING. vyviiiigo ii’i'giih





LILLIE FARHSTEAD POULTRY





B. P. Books. B. I. Reds. W. W andott .



Legion; e for sale. 15 for : % I: 311120? 5:)3 g:



‘2, , ifllLON 0. LILLI . Cooper-urine. Mich.

AMMOTH Bronze Turkeys—L '



M Maglhatoh. Toms. $6: lien 84.“ lavVgr °§9iiiidgirtg§2



cock'ls .m. E. H. d J. A. Col er. Coopersville.flioh.





i8 My Shipping Tag to Your esp COMB BLACK MINORCA and GOLDEN





. W 'ANDO'I‘TE oookerels. $1.50 each; Minor-ca hem

. . . . v: g . . . g E

Next Shipment Of Furs $1 each E D n NM or a a St ndish. Mic .za

and see what a difference there will be in be cash you will re-





SILVEB. Golden and White Windowed of quality,

ceive for your trapping.





 

   

 

 





Made In

.32, .35, .351 and .401 Calibers





There is nothing to take your mind off the game if you

shoot a Winchester Self-Loading Rifle. The recoil does the

reloading for you, which places complete control of the gun

under the trigger finger, and permits shooting it as fast as

the trigger can be pulled. These rifles are made in calibcrs

suitable for hunting all kinds of game. They are safe, strong and

simple in action; easy to load and unload and easy to take down.





   

 





 

   

   

   





Ask your dealer to show you one. or send to the Winchester Repeating

Arms Company. New Haven. Connecticut. for a catalogue describing





THE TRIGGER CONTROLLED REPEATERS





   

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





youn stock after November‘lst. Fine circular free.

A few w ite roosters. 0. W. Browning Portland. Mich.





. . - oookerels $2.50. S3 and $3.60. from

i Have No Padded Price Lists—but l Grade Honestly girlihiwmgglil §¥W%P§?‘n%?°fn:il&lfili2if





frail: afdrgtlhue Ya)" Own Fun—if I catiidnot pay your price or mored 0068'



W1 re u em you. express prepa . You have probably be RAINED i F H d d undc

saline exgcrience with firmsdmakitig glorious promise. of big prices. ma from Tfiificm? bug‘bliigm:|x:en{:y.ungillloblood

.on y to “3398:“ you by sharp grading. me ileum. and lump. w. ii. LECKY. Holmuvillc. Ohio.

t _ y w a ousands of testimonials from trapper: testify as to .0 u ii a

s raightforward treatment of my shippers. [pay express charges on all shipments over 810. Hill S‘lE. BOLIJE hints]; 233: :3? Elton.

_ and remittances are forwarded some day furs are ved. I do not solicit shi cuts amount- the finest brooding. 'W. J ' R088 lm‘timfflb

mg to less than $10.00. Any shipment of furs held separate for your approval you request it. I . I ‘ I '





 





 





 





 





 





I will telegraph valuation upon consignments amounting to $100.00 or upwards. Write to-d f MEET“-

fuil information. latest price. and valuable advice. I will givedou my personal attention. Milled: 5 mo Funk—Aim: .. buy Michigan for-

, t man

Milton II. Sign... Iain. M. SLOMAN 8: CO., l°o°."'c,,"‘unfi',::z" ",o'.';:.','5“ggt'; be’tter olimated. grikiigfi'xid oir. 13‘s.





DeKIelne Bros..Box 41. Jamestown. Mich





 





 





 





ah,
t. 4-4——__——~—~¢—_——_.—r—- .~-‘———1-—~—w-u~——4.M~ - mm . _. _. 4 ~_‘._ A”





 





 





 





DEC. 9, 1911.





THE DAIRY t





‘WA—W

CONDUCTED BY COLON C. LILLIE.





 





THE MAN AND THE DAIRY.



“It takes brains to farm nowadays," is

an expression frequently heard. Anyone

who has to do with farming is willing

to grant the correctness of that view.

Granting that, there is no one to deny

that dairying requires as much or more

mental ability than does any other line

of farm work. The day when brawn was

the chief asset required of a farmer, has

passed. Indeed, we may doubt if it ever

existed. Brains now are the requirement

—knowledge and power to think, com-

bined with executive ability. All these,

with some degree of physical effort, al-

most insure success.



A dairyman must love his work. He

must believe that farming is among the

best of all occupations and that dairying

is to be preferred of all agricultural oc-

cupations. Then he must love his cows.

A short time ago the writer was on the

farm of one of the most notable and suc-

cessful dairymen in all America. When

a man loves his cows he will consider

their wants; he will see that they are

comfortable; he will provide feed that is

healthful, that is appetizing and from

which the cows can make an abundance

of milk.



The dairyman should be well informed

along all lines that pertain to his work.

To be a good‘feeder requires as much

skill as it does to be a specialist in some

line of city work. Poor methods of feed-

ing are wasteful—they do not give a

maximum production of milk; second,

they may be actually harmful to the

cow; they are usually expensive. Feeding

is an art. It is difficult and can be ac-

quired only through study, thought and

experience.



A dairyman needs to be a thorough

business man. He is concerned with the

market in both selling and buying. He

has additional stock, or feed, or other raw

material to buy. He has his dairy pro-

ducts and surplus stock to dispose of.

The hired help problem must be faced by

anyone who runs a dairy. This ques-

tion is no longer the serious problem that

it, once was. Dairymen have reduced

their work to a sort: of system and order

and pay wages that are somewhat above

those paid the ordinary farm hand.



The dairyman must be a man who can

meet new and difiicult problems as they

may arise. The many details connected

with the work make quick judgment and

decision necessary. A dairy farmer must

be everything from a separator engineer

to a veterinarian and perhaps practice

all of them, within a very short time.



Dairying is a line of agricultural work

that appeals to young men with ability.

Young men like tasks that are difficult

and which try their talents. They are

not looking for soft snaps. At the same

time they find in dairying a line of work

that will reward their efforts both finan-

cially and in public approval and a great

many agricultural college graduates are

taking up this line of work.



Dairying is one of the most humani-

tarian of the ordinary occupations. Milk

is a popular food. It may easily be made

impure, if not to actually carry disease

germs. He who sells milk that is pure

and wholesome and upon which babies

may be fed with perfect safety is 3. ben-

efactor. To supply pure sweet milk to

hungry babies is doing much to carry out

the requirements of the divine law, “In-

asmuch as 310 have done it unto the least

of these ye have done it unto me.”



A lecturer recently said of a successful

and good dairyman, “When I stand in

his presence I feel as though I am stand—

ing in the presence of one of God’s noble-

men.” Truly, dairying is a calling well

worthy of the best efforts of the bright-

est and most capable men.



Iowa. H. E. MCCARTNEY.





 





PROPER MILKING REQUIRES SKILL.



There is no task more necessary to

have done right than milking. Also,

there is no other task on the dairy farm

that is likely to be so poorly attended

to. Anybody on the farm who can





. squeeze a stream of milk from a cow’s





teat is set at the work and those who do

not know how are required to learn.

Milking is something that does not re-

quire much strength and is usually “not

supposed to require any great amount

of skill, so most anyone is regarded as

being competent for the task. In the





THE MICHIGAN FARMER. , ' m 509





days when butter was worth only a. small

sum there was no incentive for taking

pains with the milking, but since milk





and butter have become leading products.





on so many farms anything that will aid

in‘ giving better results should be prac-

ticed. Of course, the large number of

cows kept on some farms makes the pro-

curing of competent help very difficult.

\Vhen the youngsters and inexperienced

helpers are forced into service a careful

watch should be kept over them to see

that the task is well and properly done.



The very first thing to be impressed

upon the beginner at milking is cleanli-

ness. A person whose clothing is sat-

urated or grimy with particles of dirt

and whose hands are in need of a soap

and hot water bath, is not likely to add

anything to the cleanliness of the milk.

The practice of milking upon the hand so

as to wet the cow’s teats should not be

tolerated in any dairy barn. The cows

should be brushed and care taken that,

through kicking, switching of the tail or

otherwise, none of the stable filth gets

into the milk. About the best way of

keeping filth out of the milk is to keep

the stables clean. Efficiency in milking

might be given as one of the fundamental

laws of success in dairying. Efficiency

includes proper way of holding the teats,

rapidity and thoroughness of milking.

The teat, if not too short, should be

grasped with the whole hand, the index

finger and thumb pressing, as the hand

closes, a. little more firmly than the lower

fingers, thus forcing the milk downward

instead of upward. Milking with the

thumb and one or two fingers, slipping

them down the teats, is- neither quicker

nor easier than the whole hand way and

calls for the filthy habit of wetting the

teats. To milk thoroughly means to get

the last drop of milk and we know that

the last milk is the richest. It is neces-

sary to get that last drop, too, if the cow

is to be kept up with her milk. Rapid

milking, unless it be violent, stimulates

the flow of milk.



Treatment, especially of the cow with

a nervous disposition, has a great deal

to do with getting best results. Loud

talking, whistling or singing, to say noth-

ing of rough handling, certainly does not

make the cow more comfortable and

cannot be conducive to a full and steady

flow of milk. Do not give the cow a dif-

ferent milker and a different hour of

milking each day. A change of milkers

will often result in a decrease of ten per

cent in amount of milk given by a herd.

It is a good plan to have the same person

milk the same cows all of the time. In

that way both the milker and the cow

will become acquainted with the pecu—

liarities of the other and better results

will be obtained. All of these things are

matters that fit in with the program of

economy and bigger profits that should

be practiced by every dairyman whose

heart is really in the business. If all the

cow has is to be gotten from her she

must receive attention and in no place

between pasture field and consumer can

the dairyman do more for his own benefit

than by providing competent milkers.



Ohio. ' SUBSCRIBER.





KEEP THE COWS CLEAN.



Every up-to-date dairyman knows that

it is absolutely impossible to get clean

milk from a filthy cow. In fact, the

cleanliness of the cow is a very essential

thing in producing pure dairy products.



Now it is a comparatively simple mat-

ter to keep the milk clean. Of course,

more work is required to accomplish this

when they are being stabled a good part

of each day than when they are running

in the pasture fields. In the latter in—

stance they do not get particularly dirty,

and all that is necessary to keep them

clean is to brush them regularly and

carefully each day. This grooming does

not require much time, even to make a

thorough job of it. The aim should be

to remove all filth and dust from the

sides and the udders of the animals be-

fore it has a chance to fall into the

milk pail. Once one gets into the habit

of doing this work and when the cows

have become accustomed to being brush-

ed, you will enjoy doing it and the cows

will enjoy having it done. Go at it in a

kindly, gentle way and the cows will soon

learn to stand quietly while being groom—

ed. Use a rather soft brush at first;

later, a stiffer brush or even the curry-

comb maybe used without the cows of-

fering Objection. One minute’s work on

each cow every morning is sufficient to

prevent any accumulation of filth.



When stabling, a little more work is

necessary. Some precautions should be

taken to prevent the animals from be-





 





" This Great Work 8a ver





U5. The US.





United States Cream Separator

for 1.912





Embodies Four Separator Requisites to a Degree





Unequaled by any other Cream Separator





Close Skimming: The U. S. holds the World's

skimming record — an ironclad fact.





Easy Running: The U. S. is now the easiest

running,r Separator on the market.





Easy Washing: Our new patented skim—

ming device is washed and made

perfectly sanitary in less time

than any other manufactured.





Durability: The same sterling work-

manship which has made

the U. S. famous for long,r life

with fewest repairs.





The United States Cream Separator

for 1912 is sold at the lowest price at

which an efficient J‘epar’atorczm

be sold rand this is the only basis

of true economy.





Send for Catalog -—~or get qtiickest

action by asking us for name of local

agent nearest you, who will demon-

strate right on your own dairyfioor.

Do it today! ‘ 9





Vermont Farm Machine Cok





U. 5





Bellows Falls, Vermont





 





 





Let Us Tell You How a»





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Makes Big Money





.Just send your name and address on a postal now for

big free book that tells all facts and figures about the .’

labor-saving, time-saving, money—making advantages of

the modern way of keeping barns and yards (lean. Read

how hundreds of other progressive farmers are cutting





out the drudgery of barn cleaning by using the .

Manure





Great Western 0am.”





It doublcs the value of the manure. It makes clean barns. Clean barns mean

pure az'r. Pure air means healthy slack, purer milk and cream, and better, sweeter

and higher priced butter. It means comparative freedom from bovine tuberculosis,

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advantages of owning a. Great Western Manure Carrier. Write for big, Free Book“ J ."





Address ROCK ISLAND PLOW 00., Rock Island, llllnols.





Or any of our Branch Houses

Sioux Falls. So. Dakota; Omaha. Neb.:





K C't , .

Oklahoma City. Oklm; anon l y M0





an' eapolis, Mining

Dallas. Texas.





Indianapolis, Ind.:





”:“EVE BYBODY”





’ Gan Afford a Gasoline En ine -

:‘LWiih Galloway’s New Low Pric§s l 30





You've never before heard of such startling values—I've never offered any— i.

thing like them and you know i'ull well that: no one else has ever come any- .

where near my regular prices. But this time I‘ve a. startling reason. ‘1 a s

1 want 10 men ormore in every township m the country to own and open-h ‘

ate a Galloway Engine—I’ve decided to double my factory capacity 3‘

' I rial





     





 





 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 





by increasing the sales twice and sell two where l formerly sold one



—thls calls for unusual values—hence, the greatest offer I have ever



made. I can save you from 825 to 8300 on an engine according



to the H. P. needed. It doesn‘t matter what sized engine



you want I‘ve got the one to fit your wants and do more



work and better work at less actual cost than any other



engine in the world. Write at once for full information



of the Greatest Offer Ever Made To American Farmers—



don‘t delay but send me your name and address now. be-



fore you do another thing. Let me prove to you in cold

to why I can put 825 to 8300 in your pocket.



WM. GALLOWAYCOMPANY



Wm. Galloway, Pres.

6458 Galloway Sta. . Waterloo, [3.





'41. y





 

 

 





Other Prices

In Proportion





 





. No Such Quallty in any engine

‘ >no matter what price you pay—

, the Galloway price saves you $256





EiiL. ..,; I // ,1}

- ‘ v | l . b” 7 V s 2 '

- ’( do“ '1 ‘5\ u’ \\ to $300 . . ./ E‘fi' a

\\. 1.“,— 7 -. J 'A r . . \

" mtg/4:3 :4 V . ) a ‘\\





Grinding for Profit





Grind your own feed and have fatter

stock and more profit. Ground feed

ll always fresh and more nourish-

ing. The iastestand best grindersare





   





IIIII-Iull I" '





 





 





 





 





 





Star Grinders





Sweep or belt. You can make For hard-milking cows or sore t t



e mom for our nei h- . . ‘ , ea 5,



gig-gym :tpa‘f Ilor- yd’ur lnder self-retaining. Prices, 21A-lnch, 25c; 3—

m





In a she e. Send or prices and free book, inch, 30c, 3%-inch, 35c. Send orders to





 





 





TIE 8n: Manummllnll 60.. ll lllm 81.. New Lanna“. The Michigan Farmer, Detroit, Mich.





 





 





2.1": 5:. tarry, or :-
(10)





511)





Make Each Bow Show You

Keep a Record on her Production.

The II. 30 Scales are





 





Guaranteed

Accurate and Durable





An adjustable hand is set

to balance the weight of

the milk pail. Weigh up

t0301b8.by 1-2011.

Sent express pre-

paid, out of Miss-

isslppi2 upon receipt

of $32

The





clean-ll Pail

Keeps lllrl 011





Heavy Tin and 3

Well Made.





Sent express

prepaid, e a s t

of Mississippi.

Price $1.75 each.





Your money back

if you want it.





Ml VI. lell to.





The MICHIGAN CREAMERV SUPPLY HOUSE

SAGINA W-DETROIT. Mich.





DOUBLE THE MILK





The flow of milk is greatly increased

and often doubled by adding





9

“FARMER BRAND ’

COTTON SEED MEAL

h) the ration. A remarkable feed. Just what

the aninnl system needs. Six times more valu-

able than corn. Costs leas. Contains 55%

Protein and Fat. Far Superior to Linseed

Meal or Gluten Feed. One trial will convince

you and make you a permanent user.



Price ”I.“ ton f. o. b Detroit Jackson.

Owosso, or Kalamazoo. Michigan. Can you

make up a car among your neighbors? Write

for car-load prices.



“Food Facts" a valuable book on feeds and

boiling. free for the asking.



THI BARTLETT OOIPAIY

1.11.3. no Ian-cal 111g. molt. III.





 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 





PATENT“ JULY 29. 19"





Why Take the Chance





 





ofloeinz your deeds. insurance policies and 0th or

valuable papers in case \our house should burn.





There is choose burned every 30 minder.

Yours may be next. Get our Fire Proof Safety





Deposit Box and be pro mtcctod. Pri ice 85. Express

prepaid. A Useful Christmas Presen





SAFETY DEPOSIT BOX 00.. Battle creek, lick.





Your Virgin Soil

LAGKS PHOSPHOBUS





and every crop which you have harvested and

sold has removed from 24 to 40 lbs. of phosphor-

us and thus impoverished your soil.





You Must Make Up This Deficiency





and restore to the soil the phosphorus removed

in the crops.





The Only Economical Way to Supply it





is to apply Ground Phosphate Rockto the land.

The economical way to buy Ground Phosphate

Rock is to get the best.





Our goods pulverized to fineness

mesh, 75% 201) mesh.





FEDERAL CHEMICAL (30.,

Ground Rock Dept. Columbia. Tenn.





FOR SALE: REBUILT MACHINERY





22 H. Pitts hatuling ongfline, 20 H. Reeves traction en-

11.13.2011? ts.,]BH usse.1118H. Pt. Huron. 17H.

rick. 16 H Leader, 16 H. Advame, 16 H. Pitts. 16H.



Gaar-Soott.15 E. Aultman- Taylor. 15 H.1’iumeiy.15



H. J. IHOase .13 H. Rumei). 12 H. Huber, 10 H itts,



25 H. Marvin Stationary gasoline engine. 21) . air-



banks-Morse. 12 ELM aster W orkman. ill H. Alamo. 6 H.



Moore. l4-roll Korn King Husker, iO-roll Piano. 4-mll



McCormick. and many others.



Write us for description and price.





THE BANTING MACHINE COHPANY

114-118 Superior St.. Toledo. 0.





Don’t Wear a Truss





811M! "Is-.111" PADS “9 Micro-t





being medicine appii'





 





950' /0 passes 100





 





 





 

 

 





not llip, I0 cannot chafe or mpreaa



union. the pubic bone. The most



obstinate cases cured. Thousands



have successfully treated



at home without hind‘mnce "(:imvemk‘ Saga-0?“

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ill or! PL

Address—~PMPAO liBORii‘OlllEB. Block 72 E. but. lio.





FURS! HIDES! W00“





We want 1011 NO skunk hides. We also 115' cash for

all 1111111.: or irmu. BEEF Hides. Horse 1 Wool

BWrrto Hides. We shall be pleased to hear from





coming very filthy. Good drainage must

be provided so that the stalls will always

be dry. and then the stalls should be ar-

ranged with a drop behind so that the

animals will not lie down in the manure.

Then good bedding. *which should be

changed frequently, ought to be provided.

An obstruction across the stalls just in

front of the cows hind feet will prevent

bedding from sliding back in the gutter.

It will also cause the cow to move for-

ward when she lies down, thus bringing

her whole body upon the clean bedding

in the stall. The size of the cow will

govern one in placing this obstruction

which may be a piece of 2x4 nailed ”fast.

The grooming must be kept up every

day in order that good results may be

obtained. Once damp dirt or manure is

allowed to remain on a cow until it be-

comes dry, the work of removing it will

be greatly increased.





Indiana. Wu. PURDUE.





 





THE CEMENT LINED OR LATH AND

PLASTERED SILO.





 





I wish to build a silo in the spring and

wish to get out the timber this fall and

winter. First, the soil being sandy and





'well drained, I wish to go down in the





ground about ten feet. Will I put me

studdlng at the bottom or build a stone

wall up to the surface? If so, how will

I build it and what will I have on top

of the wall to hold the studding? My

studding will be either hemlock or tam-

arack. I thought of cutting it 2x6 and

putting it 12 inches apart. Would the

ensilage crush out the lath at that dis—

tance? Would the tamarack do for lath

or would elm be best? Please give width

and thickness, size of nails to use. and

distance apart. Also tell me how to mix

the cement, what proportion? Would it

be better to put tarred paper on the stud-

ding under the siding to help keep it from

freezing? I am going to put on metal

siding if it will be strong enough. Could

I go below the level of the stable floor,

and how far, to be handy? How large

and how far apart should I make the

doors? Will I need hoops? I think of

building the silo about 10 feet on the in-

side and 34 feet high. Should this silo be

anchored. and if so, how?



Chebnygan Co. W, S.



In the first place, I want to discourage.

if possible, W. S. from putting his silo

ten feet into the ground. I think he will

make a serious mistake. It will be much

easier to elevate the corn than if“wrll be

to get the ensilage out of the bottom of

the silo when so far below the surface.

Not only that. but it will cost more to

build the part below the ground than it.

will to build the same room above the

ground. It will be absolutely necessary

after making the excavation, to build a

circular stone wall up to the surface of

the ground. Excavating is expensive, as

is also the construction of stone wall,

since it would not do to put the studding

down into the ground because, they would

soon rot and the whole silo would decay.

So it will be cheaper to build the silo

30 feet high above the ground than it will

to build it 10 feet into the ground and 20

feet above. However. the efllciency of

the silo will not be impaired by building

it in the ground, but you will .have to

have a big bucket and Windlass to get

the ensilage out, which you will find to

be slow work, and I am positive that you

will regret it if you put this silo down

into the ground. If you do not put the

silo down into the ground, of course you

must build a circular trench that will be

10 feet in diameter on the inside. This

should be dug about two feet deep, fill

with stone and grout and build it about

a foot above the ground. This will be

the foundation wall, and whether you

build this two feet, or 10 feet into the

ground, it will be necessary to put on a

circular sill on which to set your stud-

ding. This sill is easily made. Use inch

boards and lap them. Cement into the

stone wall Ffirinch bolts, five or six of

them will be sufficient for this sized silo,

and have them stick up above two and

one-half inches and then put the sill on

over these bolts and put on good heavy

washers and screw them down. This will

make it perfectly safe so far as blowing

over or racking is concerned. The prob-

ability is that it never would stir any-

way, but it is well enough to take this

precaution.

If your silo is reinforced with hoops or

wire, as I think it should be, then 2x4

studding will be just as good as 2x6 and

it is not necessary to have them closer

together than 16 inches. I think the best

way to reinforce your silo is to wind wire

about the structure between the doors

using common No. 8 galvanized fence wire.

It will be well enough to go around the

silo two or three times with the wire

and staple it. or. better still, tie it around

the studdlng on either side of the door-

way and then go around the silo two or

three times with it. If you do this there

will be no question whatever about the





 





JASPER Pom





us for prices.

538 Charles Street. Wellebum. w. Va.





 





strength of the silo. You can use any





1' its." '1’”:

FA'RMER.



kind of material for lath. These lath will]

not be exposed to the elements at all,

they will be plastered over with cement

mortar and amply protected. If you can

lath this with half—inch stuff of your own

sawing it will spring around and fit the

silo nicely. You could take boards six

inches. to a foot wide and then split them

with a hatchet as they used to in making

board lath or you can have the lath cut

out in strips two inches wide and put

them on that way. It is not necessary to

have lath thicker than one-half inch if

the silo is properly reinforced with wrre

as I have stated. Probably, however, the

best lath to use would be plaster board

lath which is usually made six inches

wide with grooves cut in the six-inch

pieces to hold the mortar. These grooves

do not go clear through the board. The

lumber is matched. You put this on and

you have a matched lumber surface.

“'hen you put on your plaster it helps all

the more to make an air-tight silo, but

any common lath will do. In fact, you

can use pieces of boards which you pick

up and cut them 16 inches long and nail

them onto the studding and put the piss;

ier over these. You dont want the cracks

too wide between your lath for cement

mortar. Of course, the size of the nails

depend on the size of the lath. It you

use the patent lath made out of three-

quarter—lnch stuff you ought to use about

eight-penny nails. If you put on hall'-

inch lumber six—penny are plenty large

enough. In plastering the silo on the in-

side you should use cement mortar made

by mixing clean sharp sand with cement

in the proportion of two parts of sand to

one of cement. Be sure and mix it thor-

oughly dry before it is made wet, and

then wet it to the proper consistency to

plaster well. The metal siding will prob-

ably be all right, it, however, should be

painted or it will rust. This can be put

on with six-penny nails. The bottom of

the silo should be of cement and con-

structed as you would a stable floor.





._..__





THE PRICE OF DAIRY PRODUCTS.





 





 





 





 





It is only about a year ago that the

people of the cities, and even congress

itself, was much concerned about the

price of dflryi'products. They believed

that the Elgln Board of Trade and other

.organizatlops, including the: farmers

thelnselves, .‘ha'd'hboosted the price of

dairy products up, especially butter and

cheese, to abnormal and unwarranted

prices. We all know that butter took a

tumble last February, and a decided one,

and it will again this spring when the

flush of the season comes. The high price

of these products now, butter, the whole-

sale price of which is quoted this week

‘on the Elgin market at 35 cents, con—

vinces the most skeptical that the high

price of butter is due to its scarcity.

W'e are not producing enough butter to

go around. Dairying does not increase as

fast as the demand, consequently those

who are willing to pay a good price for

good butler are forcing the price up. The

cause of this is largely due to the cost of

producing a pound of butter. The labor

question is very important. It is almost

impossible to get labor on a dairy farm.

The cost of feed is also important, and

then again. the agricultural products are

bringing betier prices than ever before

and people can raise these with less

labor and they are neglecting the, cows

and putting their efforts to raising corn

and oats and wheat and sugar beets. All

resulting in a less production of dairy

products and consequently in high prices.





 





PROTECTING CHEESES BY PAR-

AFFIN.





Nearly all cheese: of the Cheddar type

made in the United States, is paraffined

before it reaches the public. Yet it is

not more than six years since it became

a general practice, and less than ten

years that paralfining to protect from loss

of weight was first brought to the atten-

tion of cheese handlers.



At first the process was in order to

improve the appearance, but when it

was found that the protecting coat of

paraffin, to a great extent, prevented the

considerable loss of weight by evapora-

tion it became the usual treatment. A

circular just issued by the United States

Department of Agriculture discussing the

methods and results of paraffining cheese.

concludes that it is an effective way of

preventing losses in weight, and the

growth of mold; that for one to ten sec-

onds in a. paraffin bath at 220 degrees F.

is sufficient; that treatment on the third

day after coming from the press gives

the best results; and that cheese should

not be allowed to remain in a warm cur-

ing room for more than one day after

paraffining. I





 





13m. 9. 11m.“





Buy Your I LAST

Separator HRS T





Ifyonmhave W owned a.

m 1' (ion

and then and that ’on poetical?=





   

 

 

 





 





up ton.“ GetourfreeArt

mat-Wm.“

Mgrvmrmmzt'm

ea

\ dve experiments and inform

timber! nowbereelee,

$10 to ”.315

mpereow perm You

can't aflord to delay but

abonhiwrleatoaoe. Attire.





Rocklaknd [’10ow

2896 Seed Avon-actual...





 





 





“MEN WHO KNOW”

use TH: ‘





DE LAVA].





WC REA-M

SE PA R ATOR





Why should YOU experiment or

take chances with anything else ‘1’





THE DE HIM SEPARAIIIII Ell.





186-107 ananA'I. 8. B. Hanson I?»

use! roan. cmcaeo.





 





 





Hay $24 per ton.

Dried BeelPulp 5241611111 .3.





Feed one pound Beet Pulp in place of two

pounds of hay. That is cut down buy two

pounds and increase the pull) one pound.





Save over one cent per in on net animal.





How do I know?



Because I tried it one winter when short of hay.

It works all right. If anything the cows did

better. Don t stay in a rut. Thousands of live

dairymen and feeders are using Dried Beet Pulp

to their advantage.



Try it. You can’t lose but you will undoubtedly

profit thereby



Ask your dealer. If he does not keep it write to





T. F. MAISTON. Sales Agent 101' the Sugar Co.

Box a lay my. men.





331000100”





Will be saved this winter to the

H 3: Wusersoflndia na 8.1108 Are

you getting your share? There

2, is another winter coming Our

best salesmen are the 1 .000

Indiana Silos now louse.





SILO PROF '11:...





 





 

 





header-a urine" in txhgflw 1“ng lor

My ts." nu.

valuable boat and our m R “





Hen-ed under Haws-Patent No. «1.111..

INDIANA SILO COMPANY

The largest manufacturers of Silos in the world.





ratttac “or!

382 Union 3143.. And-net» Minna

Indiana "(.00. Om





 





 





are made by farmers who iced. Getthebest mill.

The Corn Belt grinds and hand man; small

M “d dampen o 0121-

Ground burrs with. plow ooh

“It. Does aotbum the flood. The





“Gilli! BELT” Hill





has revolving knives that chop com and

band bmsth arm. Vertical feed





means even distribution. Lathe- centered





Burrs are easily changed in 3

minutes. [or hoe book





 





 





BUY AN ICE PLOW





and save the ice crop. Cut your 109

' quick and cheap with my do

row 1:00PM It uals 20111

with saws. Pays for itself in

day. Tools.

for catsiogaud prices.

wu. H.PBAY.Ve1-bank,il .Y.





 





ANexperiencod man wanted March lot the: 240-11020

1111.131 11:13:“. near ”RememM 1.011 "ahead“ oil cattle

o. .1. mm"ouowor'tSIE. 29 Josephinms" Ava, Detroit. M11152





 





How to GET Every Dollar

Your dalnvetgtsigz is {Worth

111 or new

128 page book of Vital Innterest to Inverters.

'11. a. a a. I. LAOIV. Dept. so. wasmuo‘l'ou. 0.0.
DEC. 9. 1911.





 





WVYVTVVfVVYVVfiYVVVYVV





EHORTlCULTUREi





 





 





AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAALAAAA‘





 





METHODS OF GRAPE PRUNING.





 





Investigations carried on by Frederick

E. Gladwin, horticulturalist of the state

grape experiment station at Fredonla,

N. Y., has developed the fact that sys-

tems of trimming, and trellising grapes

differ very widely in the different grape

growing sections, and experiments being

conducted at the Fredonia station are

designed to prove whether or not differ-

ent systems of pruning, training and

trellising have any» material effect in

amount of fruit produced. ‘_



- The reduction of every element in fruit

culture to resultant pounds of fruit, or

excellence of quality, is the real essence

of every experiment, and the real test of

results.



The general system in use in the Chau-

tauqua grape belt, is the fan system, or

the two arm, low renewal, both names

indicating the same method. So general

is this system that it is best known by

the geographic term, Chautauqua system.



In this system of training, trimming

and trellising, tw0 wires are used, the

lower wire about twenty-four inches

above the ground, the second wire as

much higher. The vine, when in its sec-





 





~an-.« w gum our 2:..-





 





 





TflE MICHIGAN FARMBR.





a few of them.‘ First of all it brings the-

weight of the crop of fruit entirely on

the upper wire and this must be carried

by the tie. ‘Thi‘s weight causes many

broken down vines and many broken

ties, the pressure of the tie shuts off

the flow of sap, to portions beyond the

tie. This last is less important, how-

ever, as most canes, are cut off with but

one, or at the most two buds left above

the top wire. Then occasionally, especi-

ally in poor growing years the necessary

new canes are not produced. Sometimes

they will not reach to the upper wire.

Occasionally they are at the extreme end

of the horizontal arm, and it is the effort

of every grower to keep his producing

canes near the central trunk. It is

proven by years of experience that the

best canes are always produced near

the outer end of‘ the permanent arm,

nearest the light, air, and sunshine. Then

from time to time the horizontal arm

becomes broken, or diseased, and it be-

comes necessary to lay down a new one.

This always affects the productivity of

the vine for one or two years.



In spite of these defects, the method

is strongly adhered to and the growers

are “from Missouri,” when it comes to

taking up anything new. They point to

the two economies of the fan system

using only two wires instead of the three

required by many other systems, and to

the economy in the use of ties, requiring





 





 





Three Bunches of Grapes from Sin





and year, is brought up to the lower wire

and two arms laid down, one along the

lower wire to the right, and one to the

left. These two main arms are left as

the basis for future growth and fruiting.



The next year four to six healthy

canes are left growing from these two

longitudinal arms, and are tied up to the

upper wire. All other wood growth is

cut off, and the lower two arms are cut

back to the place where the outer canes

are left to tie up. The four to six up—

right canes with the best buds, shortest

joints, and best general condition of

healthy growth are selected. The aim of

this system of trimming is to leave canes

sufficient in number and size to have

about 45 fruit buds to tie up. It is es-

timated that every fruit bud will produce

a shoot bearing one cluster of grapes, at

least half the buds will bear two bunches

of fruit, and sometimes several buds (as

shown by the accompanying picture), will

bear three fully developed clusters of

fruit. This amount of fruit, approximatw

ing from 80 to 90 bunches, Chautauqua

experience has shown, to be all that one

vine should be expected to bear in a

year, and retain its own, and the soil’s

vitality.



From year to year- the same plan is

followed. The lower horizontal arms are

left on the lower wire, and latent buds

from year to year bear the necessary new

canes to put up for the coming year. So

long as the new canes are produced each

year, of sufficient size and vigor, and so

located that they can be used, the sys-

tem proves excellent.





Yet it has its defects. Let us look at





 





 





gle Bud.





Result of Proper Pruning.





but. four to six to the vine; and also point

to the perfect distribution of the canes,

permitting almost the same distance be—

tween each two canes in an entire vine-

yard.



Horticulturist Gladwin is experimenting





with five other methods, and one, at £35111. hmmn years. Barrels

“"3“, is Showmg ‘Vonderfu‘ reSUItS» "1189(5' ............................ 60,353,000

this. the first year’s .trial. 1896 ............................ 00,070,000



The first method he has in use is the 1.897 ............................ 3136.000

Wife“ system with several variations. i333 ::::::1::::::::::::::::::::: 5305313235

In this the “We!“ Wire is five and a half 1900 ............................ 56,820,000

to six feet above the ground. One branch 1901 ............................ 26,970,000

is carried straight from the parent trunk 1902 ---------------------------- igggi’ggg

to the upper wire, and one branch only to £82 45:560:000

the lower wire- These two are perma- 1.005 ............................ 24,310,000

nent. Each year two canes are laid from 1906 ............................ 228,280,000

the taller branch, to right and left along 3:8; """"""""""""""" 52313883

top wire, bearing half .1... crop and 1009 :::::::::::::::::::::::::::: area...

two canes are laid to right and left along 1910 ............................ 24,000,000





the lower wire, bearing the other half

crop. The advantage of this system is

that as many buds can be left as the

cane produced; the disadvantage is that

more tieing is required, and the lower

wire is so covered by the foliage from the

upper canes that the vine there does not

get proper light and air circulation.

The horizontal arm spur system, using

no lateral arms, but getting renewals

from the crown of the parent trunk, and

the Munson system with all canes car-

ried to a five and a half foot wire, and

then spread horizontally across two other

wires at the end of eight inch cross

arms, can both be dismissed from com-





half that of 1895, and that there has been

a gradual decline in the amount produced

from

would indicate, when considered with the

increased consumption of apples,

present there is little danger of our fruit

men planting too many apples.

chards in the western states are rapidly

finding markets

gradually removing competition from that

source; but if this were not true the east-

ern grower could put his product on the

market at a price that would ruin the





. The high renewal system, in which the

main trunk is carried to the top wire,

and side arms thrown out as in the low

renewal system, looks as if it has possi-

bilities, except that three wires are re-

quired to support the weight of the vines

and fruit.



This leaves to be considered the um-

brella system which Mr. Gladwin is de-

veloping, and which, with some modifi—

cations looks as if it had great possibil-

ities. Mr. Gladwin uses but two canes

to each vine in this system, growing

them from a crown at the level of the

lower wire. Long canes are required; one

is bent to the right in a graceful curve

UD over the top wire, and back to the

lower wire; the other bent in the same

way to the left, up over the top wire

and to the lower wire. Four ties are re-

quired, two on the top wire, and two at

or near the extremity of the canes on the

lower wire. New canes are produced

from the crown; the fruit is produced

from the buds on the canes bent up over

the top trellis wire. A larger proportion

of double and triple bunches is being

produced than in any other system. The

method has the benefit of simplicity, of

producing the fruit from the extremity

of the canes, where admittedly the best

buds are formed, and of taking advantage

of the well known plant law that the

bending of the cane produces a better

circulation of the sap. The only sugges-

tion which might be added here, which

Mr. Gladwin has not used, is the use of

three canes instead of two in cases where

there are not sufficient buds on any two

canes to produce the maximum of the

strength of the vine.



New York. A. M. LOOMIs.





THE OVER-PRODUCTION OF APPLES.



A large number of apple orchards have

been planted by Michigan men during the

past five years; others are becoming in—

terested but many wonder if the planting

is not being overdone. When all these

orchards come into hearing will not the

increased production make prices unrea—

sonably low? It is difficult, in a matter

of this kind, to determine exactly the

quantity of trees that will be productive

at a certain period. The best presentation

can be but little more than a guess.

Of a few things, however, we are certain.



One is that during the past decade

there has been a wide expansion of the

apple market. The improved organiza-

tion of the industry, and better methods

of distribution, have made it possible to

supply apples for a much larger territory

than heretofore, and to give us this “king

of fruits” twelve months in the year in-

stead oi‘ four or live. Both of these

changes have improved the demand for

apples. Then the people are coming to

realize the healthfulness of apple eating

and prefer to pay the. fruit man for his

product rather than to meet the doctor’s

bill. liut with the increased demand due

to these and other causes, there is an—

other matter which parties who are skep—

tical about the future of the apple mar-

ket should take into consideration, and

that is a decided decrease in the output

of our apple orchards during the past ten

years. The following statistics, which are

the most reliable that We have, give the,

number of barrels of apples yielded by

the orchards of western Michigan for the





 





It will be seen from these figures that

the production in 1910 was less than one,-





the earlier to the later date. This

that at

The or-





nearcr home which is





producers in Oregon and Washington





ati , two-.54 .aem,m.s.ansmse-m .»





cost.





TH E STO R R

BOX





mercial consideration because they re-

quire three instead of two wires, and so

too great an increased expense of in-

stallation.





were the latter compelled to send boxes

of apples across the continent to our

eastern markets and compete here with

Michigan and New York fruit men.





 





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EDITORS AND PROPRiBTORS.

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DETROIT, DEC. 9, 1911.





 





 





 





 





 





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CURRENT COMMENT.





 





It seems to be

unfortun a t e l y

true that Mich-

igan people haVc

not in the past anywhere nearly appre-

ciated the agricultural possibilities of our

state. Michigan farm lands of the best

quality have not and do not now sell at

anything like the prices. which have been

reached by the better lands of the status

to the south and west. particularly the

corn belt states and the fruit lands of the

far western states. Many farmers of the

corn bell states have become informed

with regard to this situation and have

sold their high-priccd lands and invested

in Michigan. where they find equally as

good farm land fcr about one~haif the

money per acre they received for their

farms. Those who have come from the

'staics which have enjoyed a grcai boom

in the price of farm lands and invested

wisely in Michigan have been not only

fully satisfied with their change, but are

in a good many cases moreonthusiasiic

with regard to the agricultural possibil—

ities of Michigan than are our own farm—

ers who are similarly siiuatcd.



The great diversity of Michigan agricul-

ture as compared with that of other sec-

tions, the adaptability of our soil to clo-

ver and other legumes. as well as the

almost unlimited possibilities for fruit

culture in Michigan have appealed to

them more strongly than to our own citi-

zens in whom familiarity with those con—

ditions seems to have bred an unmerited

contempt in many cases. Even the fruit

growers in the far away states, where

fruit production is the chief agricul-

tural industry, seem to have a full ap-

preciation of the natural advantages en-H





The Agricultural Possi-

bilities of Michigan.





 





THE



.iOYed- by. lake-hound Michigan for the

production of a great variety ~of fruits. '

"Yet, until recently, Michigan pimple

have sat idly by and let western boomers

attract many of our own people and in-

duce them to invest money in western

fruit lands at a much higher cost per

acre than would he commanded by the

best fruit lands in our own state, which

excel those of any other state in natural

advantages. During the present year

Western promoters having a fruit exhibit

in the city of Detroit were said to have

sold as high as $75,000 worth of west-

ern land for fruit purposes within a

single week to local people. Only last

week, Michigan was honored by a visit

from the governors of a number of west-

ern states who are touring the country in

a special train, a prominent feature of

which is an exhibit of western agricul.

tural products, with a view to interesting

the people of Michigan cities to invest

their savings in western agricultural

lands. The success of such advertising

methods in the past has been in no small

degree due to the indifference of the

metropolitan press with regard to the

agricultural possibilities of our own state.



This condition, however. has been rad-

ically changed during recent years,

through the publicity given the possibil-

ities of Michigan agriculture by the var—

ious development bureaus ‘which have

been organized, including the northern

portion of our state which is awaiting

full development at the hands of home-

seekers. Only last week the local press

commented at length upon an interview

given out by a New York man who had

travclcd many thousands (if miles

throughout the west and northwest, in-

cluding Canadian provinces, seeking the

most attractive opportunities for invest-

ment in agricultural and fruit lands for

himself and parties whom he represented.

After an extensive search, he stated most

emphatically that he found better oppor—

tunities in northern Michigan than in any

othcr section which he visited. and as a

result of his investigations he had pur-





chased and taken options on several

thousand acrcs of northern Michigan

lands.





liniloubicdly this general appreciation

of the agricultural possibilities of Michi-

gan by the people of other states will be

to the ultimate benefit of our agriculture.

since the effect has already been felt in

the advance which has occurred in the

price of Michigan lands, but it should be

more generally and fully apprcciatcd by

the people of our own state who desire to

invest in land where conditions are most

favorable for successful agriculture.

Therc is certainly no occasion for such to

seek opportunities for investment else-

where. when those who have looked the

country over for such opportunities find

them most plentiful in our own state.

The live stock bred.

Preventing Disease fed and maintained

in Live Stock. upon Michigan farms

will doubtless com—

pare favorably from the standpoint of

hcalth and vigor with that produced in

any section of the country. It is. how-

ever, an undeniable fact that a number

of communicable diseases exist among the

flocks and herds of some sections of the

country at all timcs, and under modern

commercial conditions these communi-

cable diseases are often rapidly spread

by the shipment of live stock from points

of production, or from our large live stock

markets, to intcrior points where they

may be needed by farmers to supplement





the live Stock bred or maintained upon





the farm. Also, it is often necessary for

ill? breeder to bring breeding stock from

some more or less distant point to his

farm, and more or less danger of importa—

tion of communicable diseases exists in

such movements of live stock as may be

necessary or expedient.



The recognition of this fact was re-

sponsible for the law creating a lSVe stock

sanitary commission in Michigan, but un—

fortunately ihcre has been a disposition

on the part of many farmers and stock

owners to feel that it was to their inter-

cst to conceal any difficulty which they

might have with diseases in their flocks

or herds from this commission, rather

than to seek their aid in its elimination.

This is a wrong impression, since it is

not only better for the individual who is

So unfortunate as to' have an outbreak of

some communicable disease among his

live stock, to secure the co—operation of

the State Live Stock Sanitary Cimmission

in eradicating that disease at once and

with a minimum of loss, rather than to

take any risk of spreading it further or

of infecting live stock which may be

brought on their farms in the future

through the presence of the disease germs

which have not been destroyed about the





 





stables or on the premises. Certain com-

municable diseases of live stock seem to

be more prevalent at this time of the

year than any other. notably hog cholera,

partly because there is a larger number

of boss at this season of the year, and

partly because of the heavy feeding of

new corn, with consequent digestive trou-

ble and greater susceptibility to this and

kindred diseases. ,



Fortunately for Michigan farmers, hog

chelora. has not been nearly as prevalent

in this state this season as in some of

the corn belt states, notably Illinois,

where the losses have reached into the

millions, notwithstanding the efforts made

to fight the disease. It has been ascer-

tained, however, by the State Live Stock

Sanitary Commission that a number of

outbreaks have resulted from the ship-

ment of feeder hogs from the Detroit

stock yards to interior points for distri-

bution among farmers. To minimize this

danger it is the expressed intention of

the Commission to see that all hogs ship-

ped from the Detroit yards to interior

points he quarantined for thirty days on

the premises of the purchaser, before

their general distribution is permitted.

This should prove a beneficial move in the

interests of the hog breeding and feed-

ing industry of the state. since it is much

cheaper and more satisfactory in every

way to prevent the possible spread of

such a disease than to effect its eradica-

after a general outbreak has occurred.



Another communicable disease which

has been brought into Michigan to some

extent from other large live stock mar-

kets is sheep 'scab. This fact has threat-

cued to have a serious outcome so far as

the sheep feeding industry of the state is

concerned, it having been stated upon

good authority that the federal authori-

ties have contemplated quarantining

Michigan against the interstate ship-

ments or sheep until this disease was

fully eradicated. At a recent conference,

however, between the members of the

Michigan Live Stock Sanitary Commis-

sion and Dr. Ramsey, of the Bureau of

Animal Industry, who came from V‘Vash-

ington for the conference, a plan was

adopted which it is hoped will prove ef-

fective without being any hardship to the

sheep feeders of the state.



Under this plan four special govern-

ment inspectors have been assigned dif-

ferent divisions of Michigan and will visit

and Inspect every farm upon which west-

ern sheep are being fed in Michigan, and

at the same time will inspect as many

native sheep as practicable in their trips

through the state. The State Live Stock

Sanitary Commission will' co-opcrate in

this work with the view of aiding anv

feeders who may have sheep affected with

scab in their treatment in order that they

may be cured and marketed with as little

loss as possible and at the earliest pos-

sible date, consistent with the eradica-

tion of the disease, and the cleaning up

of the premises to eliminate the possibil-

ity of infection of other sheep in the fu-

ture. Another feature of the work of the

federal authorities will be the tracing of

sheep to the source from which they came

with a view of eliminating the likelihood

of bringing in infected animals in future

years.



Another line of effort toward eliminat-

ing danger to the live stock interests in

ihc state will he the undertaking by the

Slate Live Stock Sanitary Commission of

the enforcement of the law, which re-

quires that all cattle brought into the

state for dairy or breeding purposes be

tuberculin tested. This is undoubtedly

in the interest of the state. In recent

We rs a good many dairy cattle have been

brought into the state which have becn

purchased at a small price by speculators

and sold out in widely scattered localities

throughout the state. Quite generally

these have been cows of poor quality,

such as dairymcn in other states have

been most willing to sell when they have

felt a shortage of feed. They will not

ordinarily be the most profitable dairy

cows, and it certainly is not wise to take

any chances of bringing infected cows

inio a herd under these conditions. This

law is sufficiently stringent in its terms

so that the Commission should be ab'e

to enforce its letter, and there is no doubt

that it would be to the advantage of

dairymcn as well as breeders, who cer-

tainly cannot afford to take any chances

on bringing bovine tuberculosis into their

herds, especially since compensation will

not be paid by the state for condemned

cattle which have been brought in in vio-

lation of this law.



In all of these matters. as well as in

other cases in which any live stock

owner may suspect that some communi-

cable disease ls present in his flock or

herd, it will be to his interest to com-





DEG). an. '





maniacs with Secretary Haiiiday‘ of mo

Live Stock Sanitary Commission. who can

be reached at Clinton, Mich, without de-

lay, since his ultimate loss will be les-

sened ‘by, the co-operation which the

Commission will render in eliminating the

disease within the shortest possible time.

to say nothing of the loss to the com-

munity which might result from the

spreading of such diseases it pains are

not taken to confine them within their

original boundaries.





The annual report of

Crop Production the Secretary of Agri-

and Value. culture. made public

December 7, contains

the usual official data with regard to

the crop production and value for

the present year. In this report.

Secretary Wilson declares that for

the first time in many years the total

value of all farm products has declined

from that of the preceding year. The

estimate for 1911, based on the census

items, shows an aggregate value of all

farm products of 38.417.000.000 which is

$377,000.000 under the estimated total vai-

ue of all farm products for 1910. This

loss in aggregate value is due to the

lesser value of animal products. The

total value of farm crops alone is esti—

mated at $5,504,000.01». a gain of $44,000,-

000 over the valuation of similar crops

for 1910. Farm prices of all crops except

cotton, cottonseed and flaxseed are shown

to be higher than in 1910, to which con-

ditlon is due the fact that something like

ten of the staple crops of 1911 are of

greater aggregate value than any previ-

ous season's crops of the same kind which

this country has ever produced.



On the other hand, the farm value of

animals and animal products has de-

creased to an extent which is indicated

in the shrinkage in value of all farm pro-

ducts in the present year. The report

states that dairy cows are the only

farm animals in which an increase of

price is indicated. Other live stock, to-

gether with the live stock products of

wool and butter as well as poultry and

eggs. have averaged lower in farm price

during the present year than during the

preceding year. On account of this gen-

eral decline in value, this group of pro-

ducts is estimated as having produced a

value of‘32,913,000,000 in 1911 or $321,000,-

000 less than the value of the same group

of products in 1910. The yield in value

of the principal staple crops in which our

readers are interested is indicated as

follows:



The estimated yield of corn which is

Dre-eminently the leading crop of the

country, is 2,776,000,000 bu., a production

that has been exceeded in only two previ-

ous years. The farm price of corn is





higher at present than at any similar'





time since the records of the department

began in 1866, with the exception of the

single year of 1883. to which is due the

record breaking value of this year‘s crop

which is estimated at $1,700,000.000.

Cotton, which is the second crop in or-

der of total value, while not ordinarily

a. matter of great interest to our readers,

is worthy of special mention at this time,

as it is pointed out in this report as a

notable example of the fact that a large

crop may be worth less to its producers

than a small one. While this season’s





cotton crop is estimated to be the largest"





ever grown, the lint has reached a price

which is five cents per pound below that

of last year when the crop was much

smaller, and the price of ihe seed has also

declined for thesame reason. Due to

this drop in price, the value of the fibre

and seed of this year’s crop is estimated

at $775,000,000, which is below the value

of the iwo former years, although above

the average of the preceding five years.



The hay crop, which is third in order

of value, is estimated at only 47,000.000

tons as compared with the five-year av-

erage of 63,500,000 tons, but the value of

the crop is estimated at $700,000,000.



Vi’heat .is fourth in order, with an esti—

mated total prodution of 656,000_000

bushels, and an aggregate value of $000,-

000,000.



The oat crop is estimated at 874,000,000

bushels, which is considerably below the

average. The total value is estimated at

$380,000,000, or five per cent more than

the five-year average.



The potato crop of 282,000,000 bushels is

only 90 per cent of the average produc—

tion, but owing to the high price the

value of the crop is estimated at 3213,—

000,000, which is a high record for this

crop.



The barley crop of 146,000,000 bushels is

12 per cent below the five—year average.

but its total value of $125,000,000 is a new

high record.





The rye crop of 31,000,000 bushels is' far,





below the average. but its value of $26,—





     





 





I;

l





o

i
l

l





l





 





 





one. 79.1911.





000.000 is 12.2 per cent above the five-





, year average.





The sugar beet crap. which for several

years remained close to $20,000,000 in

value, has this year risen to more than

$24,000,000, an increase of 231,4 per cent

over the five-year average.



The buckwheat crop has been exceed-

ed in production by only two crops since





the ’60’s and its value has been greater





in no year since‘ that date.





PLANNING TH E INSTITUTE.





 





I note in an editorial in a recent Mich-

igan Farmer the plan followed by the

institute association of Hillsdale county

to organize the townships, lay out the

work to meet the needs of each locality,

and carry it out with some system. The

reader might be led to think that this

was the first instance in which the vice-

presidents of the townships were called

together for a conference to map out the

institute work of the year. I do not

know whether this is done in many coun-

ties, but it is almost the identical plan

followed in Calhoun county two years

ago. At the suggestion of the county

president the secretary sent out notices

calling a meeting of all vice-presidents at

the county seat at ten o’clock on a cer-

tain day. These notices stated the object

of the meeting in full and emphasized the

importance of the presence of all vice-

presidents. This call was made early in

the spring before the busy season opened

up. In response all but two or three of

the twenty vice—presidents were on hand

at the court house. After a short fore-

noon session the meeting adjourned for

dinner after which a long. session was

held in the afternoon. The secretary had

previously ascertained how many insti-

tutes would be allowed the county, and

at the close of this meeting these were

all located, the desired speakers request-

ed, local parties appointed to look after

the local programs, the dates desired set

so the superintendent could come as near

to them as possible, a committee ap-

pointed to solicit advertising for a pro-

gram book for the entire county, com-

mittees to arrange for the program of the

county institute, and for the exhibits to

be held in connection with it; in fact,

the institute work of the following winter

was planned as definitely as it could be at

this time. It included two weeks of‘ insti-

tutes and a two-day round—up, with ex-

hibits in connection. The plans were





‘carried out in full with one exception,





one township failing to arrange for the

institute as planned.



By this method the entire county was

covered so that any person in the county

could reach an institute without an ex-

ceedingly long drive. It also gave the sec-

retary something to work upon. The pro-

gram committee secured advertising

enough in a few days to pay for the print-

ing, the expenses. of the committee and

their time, and leave a little balance for

the society. The exhibit committee se-

cured at good list of premiums and ex-

hibits for the round-up. The society suc-

ceeded in making up a deficiency from the

previous year from memberships, and

getting a fair balance in the treasury.

All in all, this was one of the most suc-

cessful institute years for the county, and

I believe much of this success was due

to this early meeting of the vice-(presi-

dents at which the work was thoroughly

planned, and each one impressed with the

importance of carrying it out.



That this plan is a good one is certain,

providingthe vice—presidents can be in-

duced to turn out and take an interest in

the work. It has been tried since in the

county but the time came when farmers

were too busy to turn out, and a poor

attendance was secured. if the vice-

presidents can be gotten together, the

programs can be planned so that each

locality will have the kind of topics they

desire, and the local talent can better be

drawn out, as was stated in the editorial,

but I dare say that the counties that try

this plan may experience some difficulty.

in getting a good representation of town-

ship men to the meeting. The way to get

a good delegation is to begin a year ahead

and put in a nominating committee at

the round-up institute that are well ac-

quainted about the county, and know of

someone in each township that will carry

an institute through successfully, and will

be present at meetings when necessary.

The nominations of the committee will

generally be endorsed by the society.

Then get a president and a secretary who

are hustlers. and will not allow the local

managers to become lax, and the insti-

tutes or any meetings held in preparation

therefor will be successful.



Calhoun Co. 8. B. Hangman.





 





 





   





I THE . “MICHIGAN FARMER. :





‘ HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.





 





National.



The second session of the 62nd congress

was opened at Washington last. Monday

at 12 o'clock noon. Both houses had a

quorum present and informed President





Taft that they were ready to begin work.

It. is predicted by many that the present

session will be an unusually long one in

spite of the fact that next year is pres-

idential election year and that many of

the members will be concerned with re—

election cafnpaigns. Martin W. Littleton,

congressman from Brooklyn, made the

only speech of importance on opening

day, which was a defense of himself

against the attacks of the American Anti-

Trust League who charged. Mr. Littleton

with collusion and conspiracy with the

U. S. Steel Corporation. .



The estimate of the treasury depart-

ment for running the government during

the next fiscal year aggregates $745,834,-

563 which is $21,283,921.43 less than the

appropriation for the fiscal year of 1911-

12. The chief economy is made in the

department of public works. Decreases

are also shown in the pension fund, the

conduct f the executive department and

the depa tment of agriculture. The de-

creases are practically offset, however,

by increased estimates in the military and

naval departments, $4,000,000 more is be-

ing asked for work on the Panama canal.



Chicago packers, who have been charg—

ed with criminally violating the Sher-

man Anti-Trust Law have appealed to

the U. S. Supreme Court for a stay of

their trial in the district courts of Chi-

cago. The counsel for the defense asks

this privilege until the constitutionality

of the Sherman Anti-Trust law is passed

upon.



Jas. B. McNamara, who was charged

with murder in connection with the blow—

ing up of the Los Angeles Times Build-

ing on October 1, 1910, withdrew his plea

of “not guilty" and confessed to being

the party who committed the act, and

John J'., his brother, pleaded guilty to

dynamiting the Llewellyn Iron Works in

the same place. The news of these con-

i‘essions was a great surprise to the coun-

try at large, as the trial which had al-

ready started, was being watched by the

public generally, with seemingly equal

chances for the men being acquitted.

Sentences are to be pronounced on Tues-

day of this week. The evidence against

the brothers was secured largely through

the efforts of Wm. J. Burns, detective,

and the confession of Ortic ll}. McManigal

who turned state’s evidence by confessing

to a part in many crimes committed un-

der the direction of the McNamara broth-

ers. Federal and state authorities are

continuing a probe into circumstances

connected with the case thus far devel-

oped, with the belief that further prac-

tices that militate against law and justice

may be given a severe blow through the

prosecution of other parties who have

been instrumental in intimidating con-

cerns following the open shop system.

Labor unions appear to be chagrined at

the revelations made and are insistent

that the guilty parties be given the limit

of punishment by the law. A large purse





had been subscribed and raised by the

unions for defending the case in the

courts. The confessions leave most of





this money unused and it appears to be

the sentiment of many unions over the

country that it should be distributed

among the relatives of the unfortunate

victims who were killed in the destruc—

tion of the Times Building.



The spreading of rails on the Illinois

Central Railroad between Memphis and

Louisville, derailed nine coaches and re-

sulted in the death of four persons and

injury to a score or more others.



A boiler explosion on the steamer Dia-

mond occurred near Davis Island dam in

the Ohio river.

lgilled and two others badly injured there-





y.



A conference among the representatives

of the labor interests will be held in

iVashington this month for the purpose

of considering measures touching upon

the labor situation of the country.



John D. Rockefeller, who resigned as

president of the Standard Oil Company,

of which he was the founder, has been

succeeded by John D. Archbold. Mr.

Rockefeller also resigned as director. The

board of directors was reduced from 14

to nine.



The Iowa State College won the blue

ribbon for Shorthorn cattle at the Inter-

national Siock Show, besides taking

three special first prizes for exhibits of

the same breed. She also took a first

prize in the Aberdeen Angus class, while

Nebraska took two firsts in this division.

Kansas and Missouri Universities each

tool: a first prize in the cross—bred class.



A collision between two freight trains

near Kent. Ohio, resulted in the death of

two members of the crews.



The delivery euqipment of the United

States Express Co., of New York city,

consisting of 400 horses and other equip-

ment, was destroyed by fire last Monday

morning, causing a loss estimated at $1.-

000,000.



Many stockmen and farmers in Illinois

are facing heavy losses on account of the

large amounts of corn that have rotted

in the fields, due to excessive rains, and

this tends to check stock feeding a good

deal. Some of these farmers say they

will use the decayed corn for fuel this

wmter months. Recent reports say the

amount of corn left in the fields is the

largest in the history of lllinois.



“folves in Michigan are liVe stock, since

their pelts are valuable, and these cold

days some of the farmers are putting in

their spare time in killing off the pests

that are in the habit of destroying their

chickens and inflicting other injuries. The

pelts are worth about $25, and lots of

wolves are slain in upper Michigan an-

nually, but the live ones are still un-





Five men are reported.





pleasantly numerous. Expert trappers

are doing good work, and Thomas Boyd,

a farmer of Schoolcraft county, has been

busy of late in killing a pack of wolves

that were greatly annoying the farmers

of that region, having shot or trapped at

last accounts, five wolves, collecting the

usual bounty that amounted for the five

to $125, besides having the pelts to sell.

All the quintet were full grown and fine

specimens of their species.



The Illinois Central railroad have com-

pleted plans for the construction of a.

$5,000,000 depot in the city of Chicago.



_ It is evident that the sugar beet crop

in Michigan this year will bring to the

farmers of the state about '$6,000,000.



Since the installation of new equip-

ment, the wireless station at Newport,

R. I., has been in daily conversation with

the operator at Colon, Panama, 2.000

miles away. .





Foreign.





It is reported that the Chinese rebels

have captured Nankin and that the situa-

tion in China appears more favorable to

the republicans than heretofore. Mon-

golia has now revolted against the rule

of the Manchus and the Chinese officials

have been dismissed. Because of their

firmer grip upon the political situation,

the‘rebels are enabled to protect traffic

against pirates on the rivers and canals

in the districts occupied by them.



Russia is prosecuting her campaign

against Persia with vigor, her advanced

guard being reported in Teheran. The

government at St. Petersburg has de-

manded the resignation of the acting

treasurer of Persia, who is an American.



It is definitely reported that a policy of

entrenchment will be followed in Japan

by the government. To accomplish this,

the military and naval expansion pro-

grams will be rejected. The matter of

the world's exposition and the widening

of the gauge of railroads will also be

affected.



To encourage the home industries of

Canada, an order has been issued reject-

ing swords that are not made in England

although ostensibly manufactured there.

Where England cannot furnish these

swords from her home manufacturers

Canada will provide them herself accord-

ing to the order referred to.



It is ascertained that internal affairs

are causing much dissatisfaction with the

present government of England and it is

believed that another election will be

necessary to satisfy the government of

the nation’s support of policies now being





agitated. It is not likely that such an

election will be held in the immediate

future, however.



In spite of her troubles in northern

Africa, Turkey is sending a corps of

troops to Persia to have a hand in the

partition of that country should the





present campaign by Russia disintegrate

I’ersia’s political structure.



it is declared in a booklet submitted to

the U. S. Congress that the state depart—

ment here encouraged the recent revolu-

tion in Honduras as a means of forcing

that government to sign an agreement to

loan money from large American inter-

es s.



Baron S. Chinda has been named-by

the Japanese government as the new dip-

lomat of that government to the United

States, He is now Ambassador to Ger-

many.





CROP AND MARKET NOTES.





Eaton 00., Dec. 2.——Bare ground, now

and then a snow flurry. Vi'eathcr mild,

good for fixing up for winter, and for

husking, only the ground is rather soft

in tho ticltls. A good deal of corn re-

mains to be husked. Prices of farm pro-

duce remain about as last month except

on [)otaiocs and eggs. For potatoes the

consumer who is short, has to pay nearly

a dollar now. prices to farmers 75c. Eggs





haw: advanced to 34c. for large, clean,

strictly fresh; 30c for general run of

stock. “'hoat. 880; oats, 44C; rye, 880;





com, 68c; buiicr, 25c; hogs, $5.75; calves

$56117; clover seed, $106111.



Southeast St. Clair Co.. Nov. 27.~«At

the date of this writing farmers are mak-





ing good use of the few pleasant days

'availablc. Harvesting the beet crop has

been PllSIth'I whenever such operations

have been possible. This work has not





been a pleasant task with snow, frost and

a saturaiml soil to contend with. Even

where the crop has been gathcrml in

piles, hauling is a laborious undertaking.





Scarcity of help and bad weather will

make large inroads on tho moms: this

season. teuiio ll. largo at-rcugc of beans





yet ungaihcrcd.



Emmet Co.. Nov. 28.~Sincc the first of

October showers have been frequent and

oftinics copious. The conditions thus

caused interfered with the gathering of

the potato. corn and other fall crops. The





first fall of snow came the last week in

October. This melted. Following the

heaviest rainfall ever known in this sec-

tion snow began falling Nov. 12. since

which time there has boon fairly good

sleighing. This unusually early fall of

snow caught farmers gcnerally unpre-

pared. Some potatoes are yct mining.

The potato market has been brisk, a

large quantity being marketed at 500

and upward.



Ogemaw 00., Nov. 27>.~»'l‘hc woaiher

has been very wintry here for the past





three weeks, so much So that farm worst

has consisted mostly in chores. Not all

the fall plowing that was planned has

been done but everything else was pretty

well finished up. Quite a lot of hay is

being marketed at $15’n‘116.50. Potatoes

also are moving quite rapidly with buy-

ers willing to pay 65617700. Fresh eggs

are scarce at 25c; butter, 236250; cream

around 300. The high price of feed has

caused large shipments of stock from

this county ‘with prices on the decline.

Corn not all husked and showing a bet-

ter yield than expected.



Mecosta 60., Nov. 22.——-Weather has

been the ,coldest for the time of year





 





(13) 513 I





for many years. Some potatoes froze in

pits. They have been as high as 80c per

bushel. Opinions differ in regard to the

future outlook; some think they won’t

stop at $1, while others think they will be

cheaper in the spring than now. Corn is

nearly all husked. Feed is quite high,

hay up to $20 penton, baled. Fodder as

high as 40 per bundle. Hardly any corn

or oats for sale now, as those who have

corn or oats to sell are holding for better

prices. Beans are worth $2.05 per bu;

butter-fat, 30c per lb; chickens, 7c; hogs,

bluiiil/gc.



Northern lsabel'la and Southern Clare

Co.’s, Nov. 22.-—Good winter weather,

with light flurries _of snow on the ground.

Good wheeling on the roads, but poor

in the fields, on account of so much rain.

Drawing beets the order of the day where

they raise them. I have heard old beet

raisers say that it cost a dollar a ton

more this fall to harvest and draw the

beets than in former years and the beet

sugar men are getting higher prices than

at any time since the factories started.

Quite a good many acres of beets not

pulled yet, and lots of corn in the field

not husked. bail wheat looks poor. Lots

of sheep, cattle and hogs being sold in

poor condition, owing to the high prices

of hay and scarcity of corn.



S,mlac 60., Nov. 18.—The present date

fines Sanilac county frozen up as it has

been for a week, with 25 per cent of the

bean crop still standing in the field. One

could hardly imagine them to be of any

value, considering the rains, freezing and

snow that they have withstood. Those

that are threshed have turned out well,

from 18 to 30 bu. per acre. The almost

continuous rains since the last week in

September account for the farmers be-

ing so behind with their fall work. 1’0-

tatoes Were muddcd out, washed off and

let dry then put in the cellar, as very few

had any to spare. All grains are high

on the market, hay also, but stalks are

in poor demand. Auction sales plentiful.

Considerable land changing hands. Alar-

kct prices are, wheat, 89c; oats, 461‘; bar-





ley, $2.20 per cwt.; beans, $2.10 per bu;

hay, $12@.]6 per ton; lambs, $4; hogs,

$.25 per cwt.; creamery butter, 30c lb.

Ohio.

Montgomery 60., Nov. 29. The Weath-

er has been most unfavoi'ublc for farm

‘work this fall. Fully hull‘ of ilu- corn is





in the field as yet and in poor condition,

as, a good lot of it is moul‘ly. l'l'ospects

are that feed of all kinds will be scarce

and high this winter. Stock is plentiful

and selling cheaper lllllll last winter, es-





pcciaily cattle. Cami». iflflc; hogs, 51.430;

wheat. 880: outs, liic: potatoes, 750;

chickens, Sc; turkeys. 31': butler, 250;

eggs, 260.





THE WORLD’S GRAIN CROP.



Tho l'nited States Department of Ag-

riculture has received the following cable-

gram, dated November 18, 101], from the

international Institute of Agriculture,

Rome, Italy, regarding areas and produc-

tion, this year, of the crops specified in

the principal producing countries of the

Northern Hemisphere, and in the coun-

tries named, and the conditions attend-

ing the sowing and germination of win-

ter cereal crops in the Northern Hemis-

pliere:



All Vi'heat:~Single numerical state-

ment of production 100.2 per rout of last

year’s production, indicating a total pro-

duction of 1,637,000,000 cwt., 01' 3,055,733,-

000 bushels of 60 lbs.



All Jinn—$3.0 per cent of last year's

production, indicating a total production

of 662,000,000 cwt., or 1,324,000,000 bushels

of 56 lbs.



Barleyx—Jltti per cent of last year's

production, indicating a total production

of 5l8,000,000 cwt., or 1,208,667,000 bushels

of 48 lbs.



Oats:—90.8 per cent of last Year's pro—

duction, indicating a total production of

967,300,000 cwt., or 3,384,500,000 bushels of

32. s.



Germ—The estimated production in

Hungary is 60,032,000 cwt., or 138,064,000

bushels of 56 lbs.



All thaizw—Thc estimated area sown

in Argentina is 17,043,000 acres; in Chili,

1,853,000 tion-53, and in Australia, 7,905,000

acres.



Uats:-—-Thc estimated area sown in Ar-





gentina is 2,517,000 acres; and in Aus-

tralia, 689,000 acres.



Winter Cereal Cropsz—The sowing is

2m;m:-.u-hing completion; the work pre-





paratory to sowing, and the sowing, was

uccmnplishcd under good conditions, and

germination is regular.





MICHIGAN FARMERS' INSTITUTES.





in addition to the list published last

week the following one—day institutes

will be held in Michigan during the

month of (December:



>Cheboygan (30., ludian River, Dec. 12'

Cheboygan, IKJC. 13; Aloha, Dec. 14. ’



Kalkaska Co.. Rapid City, Dec. 11;

Excelsior, Dec. 12; Springilcld, Dec. 14.

Mccosta Co., Morley, Dec. 11; Stan—

wood, Dec. 12; Rodney, Dec. 13; Barry-

ton, Dec. 14; Remus, Dec. 15.



Oscoda Co, Comins, Dec. 9; Fairview,





Dec. 11; Red Oak, Dec.





12; Mio, Dec. 13.





 





Virginia Corn Grower Wins Champion-



ehin nun

ffIn the contest for the

o ered by the International Harvester

Co, for the best 30 cars of corn grown

in the United States, ‘Vm. H. Dorin, of

Halifax county, Va., whose farm is lo-

cated near the Southern Railway, was

awarded the trophy, the judge declaring

them to be the finest among hundreds of

specnmens entered for the prize. This

corn was grown upon a field which av-

eraged 137 bushels per acre this year in

SADite of a badhdrouth during midsummer.



year ago t e same land roduced 1



bushels to the acre. p 36





 





 





$1,000 silver cup,





,//
514 (I4) '





THE MICHIGAN FARMER;





 





PRACTICAL SCIENCE.





 





LlVi'NG MATTER IN THE SOIL.





_..__.._.





BY FLOYD W. ROBISON. .





 





As noted in one of our previous discus-

sions, soil fertility is very materially

affected by living matter in the soil. As

late as 1880 to 1887, the "possibility of

‘there being any condition in nature by

'which the nitrogen which was so pre-

valent in the atmosphere could be utilized

by plants to any extent, was unknown.

When it was known that nitrogen played

such an important part in the growth,

not only of plants but in the pSysiological

processes of animals as well, the possi-

bility of nitrogen starvation for both

plant and animal life became a not far

removed reality, and as before stated, ag-

riculturists and economists were growing

almost hysterical over the fact that the

soil was gradually being dispossessed of

the nitrogen which it contained. An

effort was made to prevent the waste by

burning or destructive leaching of any

animal or vegetable body containing

nitrogen and in many sections of the

world the cremation of animal bodies at

death was severely decried because of

this seeming loss of nitrogen to the vege-

table world. It was known that prac-

tically every movement of the muscles

of the animal body called for an enor—

mous supply of nitrogen in some or other

form and the tremendous importance of

this element to life became very apparent.

Through no system of cultivation did it

seem that nitrogen was being accumulated

in the soil. Much energy and thought

was directed toward the converting of

the nitrogen in the air into a salt of

nitrogen whereby it could be made avail-

able to the growing plant. Practically

the first relief from this unpleasant con-

dition came with the discovery and proc—

lamation by Helrigal in 1888, of the fix—

ing power of certain bacteria which in-

habited certain soils. He had observed

that under certain favorable conditions

of growth, plants such as clover, peas,

beans, vetches, alfalfa and the like, that

plants belonging to the leguminosea

family, seemed to haVe growing upon

their roots little nodules which, when

present seemed to materially affect in a.

favorable way the growth of the plant.

On these clover plants on which these

nodules were abundant, the plants seem-

ed to thrive, were healthy and grew to

enormous proportions. On those plants

on which no nodules were fixed, a much

less vigorous growth took place and a less

abundant crop resulted therefrom. It

was thought by many that these little

nodules were really either parasitic in

nature or a result of disease, but Helrigal

discovered that through this mutual rela-

tion between the little nodule plants and

the clover rootlet, the clover plant was

enabled to build up an enormous nitrogen

superstructure which the plant which did

not have nodules could not build. “'e

know of numerous instances of this sym-

biotic condition existing between certain

plants. By symbiosis we mean the liv—

ing together of two or more plants for

mutual benefit. The nodule on the root

of the clover plant secured from the clo-

ver rootlet what it needed to perfect its

growth. The clover plant derived through

the medium of this nodule—this microbe

plant, as Helrigal tcrmcd it— a good sup-

ply of nitrogen for its utilization.



During the writer’s connection with the

Michigan Experiment Station, a series of

experiments were performed to ascertain

just what the influence of this microbe

plant was upon the growth of certain

plants, such as cowpea, soy beans, etc.

Accordingly certain sterile experimental

plots were selected for the purpose of

studying this question. The finished crop

was weighed and analyzed. In the case

of both the cowpeas and soy beans not

only was there a very much larger growth

when the nodule was present upon the

rootlet but also the percentage of protein

carried by the plant on which the nodules

were located was very much higher than

with the one which contained no nodules.

There was no exception to this observa-

tion through experimentation and it was

very apparent from the results of them:

experiments that the full purpose of the

nodule, or Helrigal’s microbe plant, was

to furnish to vegetation a suDDly of nitro-

gen which was gained through its power

of extracting in some way or other from

the air the nitrogen which was necessary

to the building of the organic structure

of the plant.



It is well known that clover, alfalfa and





is,





frequently beans and peas do not thrive

well on certain soils. The principal rea-

son for this is either that these soils are

not well equipped with an abundant sup-

ply of nitrogen fixing bacteria, that is,

these little microbe plants, or else the

condition of drainage, cultivation, etc.,

is not such as will encourage a healthy

growth of these little plants. The condi—

tions under which the microbe plant

thrives are the same conditions which

are frequently recognized as causing a

healthful condition of nitrification in the





soil. A soil which is well drained

and well aerated because of perfect

drainage and thorough cultivation, is

a soil ideal for the home of the





nitrogen fixing bacteria. In one of our

previous discussions we stated that a soil

which was not well drained, which was

wet and soggy and on which water stood

for a considerable period of time, was a

soil in which much material of a fertiliz-

ing nature wasl being wasted. We would

emphasize, then, that on such a soil crops

which depend for their fullest develop-

ment upon the activity of these little

microbe plants, or these nitrogen fixing

bacteria, will not thrive because such a

soil is practically devoid of nitrogen in

available form. Not only is this soil

lacking in available nitrogen because the

nitrogen fixing bacteria cannot grow in

such a soil, but because a process of

dentrification is going on all the time and

the nitrogen which, through the sources

of fertilizers, and manures, or through

the activity of the nitrogen fixing bac-

teria, that became started in this soil is,

through this process of dentrification, be-

ing again liberated to the atmosphere in

its most inert form, that is, free-nitrogen.

As illustrating perhaps more clearly the

tremendous influence of nitrogen-fixing

bacteria on the growth of plants of the

clover type, Helrigal performed a very

unique experiment, using for his soil an

absolutely inert, sterile sand. This sand

was pure silica and in itself contained no,

or practically no, fertilizing constituents.

To this soil was added the various min-

eral ingredients necessary to the plant in

administering to its growth. To one set

of these, in addition, he added an ex-

tract made by treating nodules found on

the roots of similar plants and poured

this extract on the sand soil. He ob-

tained the following results which we

think wilT be ample to illustrate the enor-

mous value of these nitrogen-fixing bac-

teria. In lot No. l, the dry matter of the

pots containing the nitrogen—fixing bac-

teria was 48 times greater than those that

did not contain the bacteria; lot No. 2

the dry matter was 57 times greater in

the ones containing the bacteria than

with those which did not contain the

germs; No. 3 was 48 times greater and

No. 4 was 41 times greater, in both in-

stances in the case of the pots containing

the nitrogen-fixing bacteria.



This question has been of such import-

ance to the government that some of the

various experiment stations have under-

taken the cultivation of culture to be dis-

tributed among farmers for the purpose

of inoculating their soils. The Agricul-

tural Experiment Station at Guelph, Ont.

has been one of the most active institu-

tions in shipping this material constantly

to the farmers throughout lower Ontario

and some very favorable results have

been obtained through this co-operative

work.



It is well known by farmers that certain

crops such as clover, beans, and especi—

ally alfalfa, will not thrive upon our soils

until after several years of practical fail—

ure in the production of the crop. Vi'e

are mindful of the fact that our experi-

ment stations have at times been misled

as to the adaptability of certain crops to

Michigan soils. Because of this apparent

year after year failure which follows the

attempt to grow these crops, we are now

beginning to appreciate that one of the

most valuable forage crops to the farmer

in Michigan is the crop of alfalfa. Yet

we are thoroughly familiar with the fact

that for years our local experiment sta-

iion advised against the use of alfalfa,

claiming that it was not adaptable to Mich-

igan soils. The reason to our mind that

alfalfa has not been a huge success is

simply because it has not had a fair op-

portunity to become acclimated, we may

say, to the soil of this state. We mean

that its associates, that is, the nitrogen-

iixing bacteria, which are peculiar to that

particular legume, have not been ac-

tively introduced into our Michigan soil.

On those soils in the state where alfalfa





is now doing well and exhibiting its

superiority, as a forage crop, we will~un~

doubtedly find a very active and healthy

ffiora of these nitrogen-fixing bacteria.





 





CITY MILK SUPPLY.

Clean Milk.



As stated in our previous short discus-

sion on city milk supply, we desire to

repeat that in the control of the food

supply the greatest function of a food de-

partment at the present time should be

in the regulation and control of the con-

ditions of sanitation under which food

products are produced, manufactured and

dispensed.



The problem of regulating the condi-

tions just described as they apply to milk

is by no means a simple one. One great

fault in this matter has been that fre-

quently city health departments, state

dairy and food departments and other

sources of authority have sent incompe-

tent men to the dairymen to teach them

regarding the production and marketing

of. milk. These men in many cases were

experts in name only and did not have

any qualifications which fitted them for

filling such a responsible position. It is

not strange that the dairyman has been

slow to be guided by men whom he can

realize at a glance have not the slightest

comprehension of the problem which they

are facing. Does it seem reasonable to

expect a dairyman to be influenced for

good in the production of sanitary milk

by the arguments of a man whose every

appearance personally as well as whose-

whole language is entirely antagonistic

to'the cause which he represents? We

have never found the dairyman slow to

take advantage of suggestions offered

him in the right spirit by a. man whom

he realizes at once is practicing the life

he is preaching and who is competent to

give him advice along these lines. Does

it seem reasonable to expect a butter

maker in a creamery to take kindly to

the advice of a man whom he realizes at

first glance knows far less about the busi-

ness of butter manufacture than he does

himself? Does it seem probable that a

dairyman and stock feeder will give great

weight to the opinions of a man who is





incapable of distinguishing between a.





Jersey and a Holstein? The dairy busi-

ness at the present time is not a business

into which-any man may step and, upon

a few moménts’ devotion to a. text book

consideration of the question of milk, be

prepared to make a success of it and

likewise be then competent to advise

those who have spent a lifetime in the

work. I distinctly remember hearing an

inspector at a prominent dairy meeting

in which his audience was almost ex-

clusively dairymen, telling those dairy-

men that his business did not consist in

hunting for criminals but more particu-

larly in teaching the dairymen how to

produce clean milk. The thought passed

my mind at the time that if I were to

pick any man in that audience as a man

who, by appearances personally, and by

language as Well, was qualified to act as

instructor to the dairymen in the question

of the production of milk, I would have

picked every man in that room before I

would have chosen the inspector. What

think you must have been the worth of

the suggestions carried away by that

audience?



Many of the problems so far as they

are connected with the city milk supply,

have been approached by the officials in

the cities in just such a way, without

any comprehension whatever of the diffi-

culties involved in the production of clean

milk, and without any appreciation of the

fact that it is desirable that something

he done with that milk after it is re-

moved from the premises of the producer.

Let us not surmise that the favorable re-

sults which we seem to be attaining are

the results of the eleventh hour, more or

less spasmodic. For forty years experi-

ment station men and farmers’ institute

lecturers have been preaching the doctrine

of clean milk consistently and continu-

ously and our improving conditions are

the results of the work of these men,

men who have appreciated the condi-

tions under which the dairyman has been

working and who have today his respect

for their opinions because the dairyman

has realized that they know whereof they

speak. In other words, the present con—

dition of the. dairy industry is the result

of productive educational work rather

than destructive educational work, the

result of the efforts of men who, While

condemning in no uncertain terms the

unsanitary methods practiced in the pro-

duction of milk, yet at the same time

have pointed out the way to the dairyman

how he may produce clean milk.





 





 





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OLIVE‘R' WENDELL HOLMES AND

His TEACHERS.





BY: RUBY BAUC HMAN.





Like Whittier, Oliver IVendell Holmes

was trained in a home of the highest re—

ligious and educational ideals; unlike the

Quaker poet, he had access to all the

advantages which wealth, the city, and

social prestige could give. Like Louisa

May Alcott, Holmes fulfilled his own re-

quirement that above all things, as a

Chuu, a man should have tumbled about

in a library because all men are afraid

of books that have not handled them from

infancy;'unlike the great storyteller, he

had a training, broad, consecutive, and

comprehensive. Like Franklin, Holmes

possessed a voracious appetite for knowl-

edge; unlike Franklin, he had ample

leisure and opportunity to indulge and

satisfy that craving unhindered by the

problem of earning a living and learning

a trade. ‘



The Autocrat’s school career began, not

in a kindergarten. free or private, but in

its equivalent in his generation, a dame

school for small people, kept by Ma’am

Prentiss, in Cambridge near his home. Of

this preliminary experience he writes

many years later: “ * ‘ the school of

Dame Prentiss, best remembered by in-

fantine loves, those pretty preludes of

more serious passions; by the great for-

feit basket, filled with its miscellaneous

waits and deodands, and by the long wil—

low stick by the aid of which the good

old body, now stricken in years and un-

wieldy in person, could stimulate the

sluggish faculties or check the mis-

chievous sallies of the child most distant

from her ample chair.”



Holmes’s schools and fellow students

seem to remain longer in memory than

his teachers, for about his next instruct-

or, VVilliam Bigelow, a man of learning

and ability as scholar and teacher, he

says almost. nothing. After his work

with Bigclow, he spent fiVe years at a

school in Cambridgeport, about a mile

from the college campus in Cambridge.

Here he fell in with several successive

teachers, not one of whom seemsto have

impressed Holmes as Joshua Coffin, for

example, influenced Whittier. In "Cinders

From the Ashes" Holmes has preserved

these recollections:



"At about ten years of age I began

called the





going to what we always

“Port Sch0ul,” because it was kept at

Cambridgeport. This suburb was at that





time thinly inhabited, and, being much

of it marshy and imperfectly reclaimed,

had a dreary look as compared with the

thriving college settlement. “'e called

'the boys of that locality ‘Port-chucks.’

They called us ‘Cambridge—chucks,’ but

we got along very well together in the

main.”



One of his own experiences with one of

the aforesaid “Port-chucks” is found re-

corded by the Autocrat: “I was once

equipped in a hat of Leghorn straw, hav-

ing a brim of much wider dimensions

than were usual, and sent to school. On

my way I was met by a ‘Port—chuck' and

the following dialogue ensued:



“The Port—chuck: ‘Hullo, you sir, joo

know th’ wus goin’ to be a. race tomor-

rah?’





“Myself: to run,





‘No. Who’s goin'

'n’ wher’ ’s ’t goin’ to be?’



“The Port-chuck: ‘Squire

Dom-or Williams, 'round the brim 0' your

hat.’



“These two much—respected gentlemen

being the oldest inhabitants at that time,

and the alleged race—course being out of

the question, the Port—chuck also wink-

ing and thrusting his tongue into his

cheek, I perceived that I had been trifled

with.”



It is comforting to the student of now-

adays to learn from his own confession

that so great a celebrity as Holmes

showed some very human failings in his

school days. He writes in his notes: "I

was moderately studious, and very fond

of reading stories, which I sometimes did

in school .hours. I was fond also of

whiSpering and my desk bore sad witness

to my passion for whittlii‘ig.-*'Fur~‘th'ese

misdemeanors I sometimes had a visita-

tion from the ferule, and once when a

Gunter’s scale was used for this purpose,

it flew to pieces as it came down on my

palm.”



It is quite conceivable that at this time

Holmes’s attention was directed other-

wh‘ere than toward his teachers; at any

rate, he admits: “Among my classmates

at the Port school was a young girl of





‘ singular





Mico ’n .





 





   





We..." \ailfirv





 





loveliness. I once before re-

ferred to her as 'the golden blonde,’ but

did not trust myself to describe her

charms. The day of her appearance in

the school was almost as much a revela-

tion to us boys as the appearance of

Miranda was to Caliban. Her abounding

natural curls were so full of sunshine,

her skin so delicately white, her smile

and her voice were so all-subduing, that

half our heads were turned.”





There was. too, among the girls at this

school, another, who impressed the in-

cipient Autocrat with the inside of her

head instead of the outside. Holmes‘s

comment on the Margaret Fuller of that

day is interesting: “Sitting on the girls'

benches, conspicuous among the school

girls of unlettered origin by that look

which rarely fails to betray hereditary

and congenital culture, was a young per-

son very nearly of my own age. She

came with the reputation of being ‘smart‘

wclever, as we say nowadays. This was

Margaret Fuller. Her air to her school-

mates was marked by a certain stateli-

ness and distance, as if she had other

thoughts than theirs and was not of

them. She was a great student and a

great reader of what she used to call

‘naw-vels.’ Margaret was tall, fair-com-

plexioned, with a watery, aqua-marine

lustre to her light eyes which she used to

make small as one does who looks at the

sunshine. I remember being greatly

awed once with the maturity of one of

her expressions. Some themes were

brought home from school for examina-

tion by my father, among them one of

hers. I took it up with a certain emulous

interest and read the first words.



" ‘It is a trite remark,’ she began.



“I stopped. Alas! I did not know

what trite meant. How could I over

judge Margaret fairly after such a crush-

ing discovery of her superiority? i doubt

if I ever did."



The five years at Cambridgeport were

followed by a year of college preparation

at Phillips Academy at Andover. There

again he was interested in students and

events more than in his instructors. He

has. unconsciously perhaps, gchn us his

attitude toward the latter in his de-

scription of some of his professors—de-





lineations which lack entirely the fond,

intimate flavor of the references of VVhit-

ticr to his teachers. He writes: “Of the

noted men of Andover the one Whom I

remember best is Professor Moses Stuart.

I have seen few more striking figures in

my life than his. Tall, lean, with strong,





bold features, a keen, scholarly, accipi-

trine nose, thin expressive lips, great

solemnity and impressiveness of voice





and manner, he was my early model of a

classic orator. His air was Roman, his

neck long and bare like Cicero's, and his

toga~—thnt is his broadcloth cloak—was

carried on his arm, whatever might have

been the weather. with such a statute-

like rigid grace that he might have been

turned into marble as he stood and look-

ed noble by the side of the antiques of

the Vatican.



“Dr. Porter was an invalid, with the

prophetic handkerchief bundling his

throat, and his face festooned—as I heard

Hillard say once, speaking of one of our

college professors-~in folds and wrinkles.





“Dr. Woods looked his creed more de-

cidedly, perhaps, than any of the profes-

sors. He had the firm fibre of the theo-

logical athlete, and lived to be old with-

out ever mellowing, I think, as old min-

isters of stem creed are said to do now

and then!’



Certain it is that Holmes's teachers

seem to have touched his life but little.

Perhaps this is due to the fact that while

many persons may have aided in teaching

him facts, his development and training

really came from his minister-father. One

glimpse of this man and his method is

given by T. IV. Higginson, a boyhood

neighbor of the Holmes family. “I shall

always remember a certain winter even-

ing, when we boys were playing before

the fire, how the old nianmgray, gentle,

and kindly as any old German professor,

and never complaining of our loudest

gambols—going to the frost—covered Win--

dow, sketched with his pen—knife what

seemed a cluster of brambles and a gal-

axy of glittering stars, and above that

he.wrote, I‘er aspera ad astra: ‘Through

difficulties to the stars.’ He explained

to use what it meant, and I have never

forgotten that quiet winter evening and

the sweet talk of that old man.”





THE BACHELOR UNCLE





BY EVERITT McNEIL.





CHAPTER IV.

The “Beautiful Woman.”



“Come, Teddy: come, Ellen," I called,

as I arose from the supper table an hour

later. “Now I am ready to hear all about

that robber’s cave. Come out on the

porch, and tell me exactly what happened,

and how it came about that I found you

undressed and in bed,” and I led the

way to the back porch where a cool

breeze was blowing. Teddy and Ellen fol-

lowed eagerly. Each had started to tell

me the story a dozen times while at the

table, but I had refused to hear a word

until after supper.



“It wasn't a really and truly robber’s

cave, l'ncle John," Teddy began. “Only

a big hole in the side of the hill, with

lots of nasty spiders, and lizards, and

bats in it——”



“And Teddy killed a snake with his

sword that had a rattlebox on the end of

its tail," Ellen broke in, always pleased

to sing the praises of her brother. “And

it rattled its box, and stuck out its tongue

at me, and hit me on the dress; and then





 





Teddy knocked it on the head with his

sword and killed it. Teddy is awful

brave why Uncle John!"





Vi'ith a smothered exclamation of hor—

ror I caught Ellen up into my arms, and

assured myself positively that the deadly

fangs had not touched her flesh. Then I

held her close, thanking God over and

over again for the kindly Providence that

had shielded her from a hideous death;

and for brave little Teddy.



“You must never go into that old cellar

again, Teddy,” I said. “That was a rat-

tlesnake which you killed, and had it bitten

you or Ellen you would have died a ter-

rible death. I did not know that there

was a rattler left alive in the country, or

I should not have been so careless. Thank

God for guarding my precious little girl!"



“Then Teddy saved my life!" Ellen ex-

claimed, growing just a little white and

looking very solemn. “I want to kiss Ted-

dy,” and she caught him around the neck

and drew his face up to hers and kissed

him.



“Botheration! Girls are always wanting

to kiss a fellow!” and Teddy jerked him-





self away from Ellen, though not rough-

ly. “But, that's not all, Uncle John! \\'e

had a thrilling adventure, and rescued a

lady from a watery grave, and—"



“And a beautiful woman, and a big

man, as big as you, Uncle John, jumped

out of a carriage and took the lady home,

and we got all wet, and Mary Jane was

scared, and made us undress and go to

bed, and——"



“Oh. hold up, Ellen,” I interrupted.

“This is getting interesting, like a story,

but I want more than the chapter head-

ings. Now, Teddy, start at the bcgin—

ning and tell me how it all happened.”



“Well," 'l't-ddy began, “when We found

that the. czu'c wasn't really a robbcr's

cave, but a nasty place where bats and

lizards and big spiders lived. we thought

we’d explore. the river. So we started,

and we czunc to where the rocks hung

high over the water. And way up among

the rocks we saw a woman, and the Wom-

an was rcnching out to pick a ilowcr, and

her foot Sllplu'll or something, and she

screamed and fell. Oh, it was awful to

see her falling, l'ncle .l'ohn! She struck

a rock and bounded off right into the

water, and her head went under, and Sile

tried to stand up and couldn't ’causc she

was hurt terribly bad, and she gaVe a

loud scream and hcl' hcud fcll back again

under the water. Uh, l'ncle .lohn, she

was hurt and drowning. .\nd l shouted

to her, and ran into the water to pull her

out, and Ellen screamed and run in after

me. The water wasn’t dccp, only up to

our Shoulders, but the woman was heavy.

and she, acted wild, and ncarly pullcd us

both under the watcr, but at last we got

her out on'the bank. Then she threw

her arms around wild like, and moaned





terribly, and her head got all red with

blood, and her face was awful white,

and—-"





“Then a beautiful Woman and a big

man," Ellen interposed, anxious to tell a

part of the story, “jumped out of a car-

riage, quick. and ran to Where we were,

and the beautiful woman said: ‘Oh, the

poor girl!’ and knelt right down, and

took the head all covered with blood right

on her lap, and the hurt woman scream-

ed, and tried to pull herself away, and





mmxmwwmmmmmmm nuns-31:: .-m.'-VS‘WQNM WW





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(155 5-15





looked queer at the big man, whose face

got all white, and his eyes looked wicked.

Then the beautiful woman called: ‘Hur-

ry, some water, quick!’ and the big man .

ran to the river, and filled his hat with

water, and was just as good as he could

be, but I don’t like him, Uncle John,

’cause his eyes looked wicked. But I do

love the beautiful woman, ’cause She

was so good, and she kissed me, and

called me a brave little girl; and she

kissed Teddy, too, and said he was a.

hero, and wanted to know his name,

and he told her, and said: ‘Everybody

calls me Teddy, 'cause I try to be brave

like Teddy Roosevelt, and we are here

visiting John Devlin, he’s our uncle.’

And then I thought Teddy had done some-

thing to make the beautiful woman an-

gry, ’cause she got white and drew back,

but it couldn’t have been that, for the

next moment she put her arms around

Teddy and squeezed him real hard, and

kissed him again, and told him that Ted—

dy Roosevelt ought to be proud to have

such a brave little fellow for his name-

sake. And her face got red when the big

man looked at her, and she bent over the

hurt woman, and the hurt woman looked

queer at her and at Teddy and me, and

said she wanted to be taken home. So

the big man lifted her up in his arms,

and carried her to the carriage, and drove

her home; and she asked Teddy and me

to come and see her, and her name is

Belle Murdock. Oh, Uncle John, the beau-

tiful woman was just lovely, and I think

you ought to know her. She’d make a

real comfortable wife," and the precious

little matchmaker looked up into my face

earnestly. '



I did not reply, but bent and kissml the

upturned face.



"And," continued Teddy, “the big man





put his hand in his pocket and offered

me a silver dollar. \Vhy should he want

to give me money for trying to save a

woman’s life? People don't do such





things for money, do they, Uncle John?"

And then, without waiting for a reply,

he went on. “Anyhow I put my hands

behind my back and said: ‘No, sii',’ and

he put the, money in his pocket, quick,

and jllmpwl into the carriage, and drove

off with the beautiful woman holding the

ead of the hurt: woman in her lap. The

beautiful woman was great, and I’d fight.

for her, but I don’t like the big man,

Uncle John. When we got to the house

we were all wet, and Mary Jane was

frightened near to death, and wouldn’t

let us tell how it happened, but made us

undress right off, and go to bed, and

drink a lot of sage tea, just as if we were

two babies. Mary Jane is getting old,

isn‘t she, Uncle John? I think living

in the. country is interesting, don‘t you?

it‘s so full of adventures. That’s all.

Come on, Bruno.” and Teddy was off for

a romp around the yard with the dog.





I did not feel like talking and sat silent

with Elli-n in my lap. The story of the

children's achnture had interested me

deeply and moved me greatly, for I knew

that the “beautiful woman” was Elsie

and that the “big man" was Harry Rod-

ney. The accident that had befallcn Belle

Murdock also grieved me sorely, for the

girl‘s help was sadly needed at the moth—

crless home of shiftless “Red" Murdock;

and, if hcr hurt should prove serious,

what would become of Joey, her little

crippled brother, who had been so ten-

derly cared for by her since her moth-

er’s death? In the morning I would call

and soc what could be donc, for medical





attendance and proper care for herself

and Joey must be provided, and I well

knew that her- worthless father could not





he depcndwl upon to furnish these. But

why luul ltllsie kissed Teddy again after

she had found out who he. was? \Vas it

the thought of me that had prompted the

caress? l longed to call Teddy and ask

him to describe all the particulars of that

kiss, and to havo Ellen repeat the sweet

story chr and cum again. And yet the

kiss might not have been given for me

at all. It might have been an atonement

to the boy for her seeming rudeness in

shrinking from him at the mentioning of

his relationship to me. The knowledge

that Elsie had shrank from Teddy because

he was a nephew of mine was like a knife

in my heart. What had I done? I could

not let her marry Harry Rodney without

first solving this accursed mystery—avith-

out justifying my dishonored love! And

yet, what could I do that I had not al-

ready done? 1——



Here Ellen started up in my arms and

looked at me in surprise. “Why, Uncle

John, have you got worms? I—I thought

I heard you grinding your teeth, and you

do look pale,” she said, her face showing

her sympathy and concern. a



I smiled, for the incongruity of her re-

mark touched me humorously even then.
516» (16) \

”No, dear heart," I replied, "but Uncle

is very, very tired. Come, it is already

growing dark, and time for little folks to

be in bed,” and, calling Teddy, we _went

into the house.



I had need to be alone. The rebellion

in my heart must be conquered.





After the children had been put to bed

I went out where I could see the stars.

There is power in the skies at night time

to calm the passions. We can not look at

the stars, and think of what they are—

mighty suns and worlds rolling through

the vastness of space—without feeling

the immensity of the universe and the

littleness of man, the measurelessness of

eternity and the brevity of human life;

and then how foolish it seems that the

short life of that little' being should be

wasted in vain rebellion against the de-

crees of Him who holds all in the hollow

of His hand. At any rate I felt as if I

wanted to be alone that night, and where





m





i Q

I, - ~e..~_\ .

I In,





 





 





THE MICHIGAN .- FARMER.





I could see the stars shining above my

head.





CHAPTER V.





Climbing Pike’s Peak.



The next morning, when I awoke, the

first rays of the sun were shining through

my windows. Teddy’s bed was empty,

and I made haste to dress, for I was

fearful of what that ambitious emulator

of Teddy Roosevelt might be doing. Nor

was I kept long in suspense, for the mo-

ment I stepped outdoors I heard Teddy

shouting with great enthusiasm:

is grand! Sublime! Wonderful! Magni-

ficent!” and Ellen echoing: “Grand! Sub-

lime! Wonderful! Magnificent!” I looked

all around, but, to my astonishment, I

could not see the children; and, then I

heard Mary Jane scream, and I saw her

standing in the doorway, her face as

white as milk, and one hand pointing up-

ward. My eyes followed the direction of





JUST





“ThiS'





1





her pointing fingers, and I nearly dropped

when I saw where Teddy and Ellen

were.



, I have an unusually large and high

barn, with a tall cupola rising from the

center of its roof, and a strong pole, with

a weather vane at its top, extending up-

ward from the middle of the cupola. And

there, on top of the cupola, with one arm

thrown around the weather-vane pole,

stood Teddy, pointing with a rake handle,

which he held in the other hand, toward

the rising sun, and shouting enthusiastic-

ally to Ellen, who sat on the peak of the

roof of the barn beneath him: “Beauti-

ful! XVonderful! Grand! Magnificent!”





“What in the name of heaven are you





doing on the top of that cupola!” I shout-





ed, the moment I could catch my breath

sufficiently to yell. “Come down at once!

Don’t you know that Ellen might fall and

break her neck!”



“Why, Uncle John,” Teddy called down,





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JET ' ‘3

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DEC. 9, 1911.





“You must be blind! This is not a cupo-

la. This is the top ‘or Pike’s Peak, and

Ellen and I are viewing the sunrise; and

she’s tied to me so she can’t fall. Oh,

it is wonderful! Grand! Sublime! Mag-

nif—-! Oh-h-h!”



At that moment Teddy’s foot slipped,

and his hold broke on the pole, and he

fell, sliding down the steep narrow roof

of the cupola. ‘



My heart stood still and every nerve

seemed paralyzed with the horror of the

sight of the falling boy, and I shut my

eyes and listened, shudderingly, for the

thud of the little body when it struck the

ground. Then I heard a great shout from

the hired man, and, looking up, my

heart gave a bound of joy, for there,

hanging in mid-aid between the roof of

the barn and the roof of the cupola was

Teddy; while on the other side' of the

cupola in a like predicament, hung Ellen,

kicking and screaming vigorously. Ted-





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(11'. after the manner of mountain climb-

ers, had tied one end of several yards of

stout clothes line around his waist and

the other end around the waist of Ellen.

When he fell he had fallen on the oppo-

site side of the cupola from where Ellen

sat, consequently the rope crossed the

roof of the cupola; and, as Teddy slid

down Ellen had been pulled up, until

both children now hung dangling in the

air some forty feet above the ground.

The sight was sufficiently appalling, but.

if the thin rope did not break nor the

knots untle, both could be saved.



“Don't move, Ellen! Keck still, Teddy!

Uncle is coming!” I shouted. “Quick,

Jake, to the roof!” and, followed by the

hired man, I ran into the barn, and went

up the ladders leading to the cupola two

rungs at a time. ,



Thank God. the rope still held! In a

moment more Ellen was safe in my arms.



"All right," called Jake, from the other

side of the cupola, as he seized Teddy.

Then I cut the rope with my knife. and

bore the sobbing girl down to the safety

of the solid earth. The hired man with

Teddy reached the ground a moment af-

ter. Teddy came down the ladder with-

out any help, but Jake held on tightly

to the rope, which was still tied around

the boy’s waist.



“I was afeard th’ bloomln" kid might

fancy ’e was th' Hamerlcan eagle, an'

flop ’is arms, and try to fly down. if I did

not keep my 'ands on th’ string," Jake

declared, as he turned Teddy over to me.



At that moment Mary Jane descended

on us.



“John Delvin,” she began, solemnly,

“Fore God I don't know what to do with

Esther's babies! In all my born days I

never did see such another boy as Teddy,

nor a girl like Ellen. This very morning

I left her sleepin', sweet as a lamb. in her

bed; an' the next thing I knowed there

she was a-danglin’ at the end of a rope,

’twixt the skies an’ the earth a-lookin’

for th’ top of Pike’s Peak on th’ roof of

th’ barn! Land of goodness, what a.

fright them children did give me! I

thought both on them was as good as

dead! 'Fore God I don’t know what I’m

goin' to do with them.” and the kind old

soul began to sob like a. child.



"Well, I know what I am going to do,

Mary Jane,” I answered grimly. “I am

going to hitch up and drive to town and

telegraph Esther to come' and get her

children just as quick as the fastest train

can bring r. I will not be responsible

for their safety the millionth part of the

smallest fraction of a. second longer than

I have to be. I-"'



But here Ellen broke in with a wall

that almost lifted the hair off my head,

and began to dance up and down, and to

scream as if she was in the most ex-

cruciating agony. I caught her up in my

arms. She stiffened herself out as if she

was going to have a fit, and screamed

the louder.



"Oh, what shall I do? What shall I

do, Mary Jane?" I cried, in an agony of

apprehension, for I thought the child was

dying. “Oh, what shall I do?” and I ran

with the screaming girl in my arms to

the house and laid her on the bed, ex—

pecting to see her expire every moment.

But the instant she was free from my

arms she bounded off the bed, and stamp-

ing her feet on the floor yelled: “I don’t

want to go home! I don’t want to go





home! I won't go home! I won't, I won't

go home!"

“Hush! Hush!" I cried, wiping the





perspiration of! my face and staring at

her. “For heaven’s sake stop yelling!"

“I don’t want to go home! I won't. I

won't go home!” she screamed, punctu—

ating her words with cries and walls of





agony.

"Stop! Stop that noise this minute!



81101)! stop, I tell you! Please stop! Oh,



do stop! Shut up!" and I caught hold of





her shoulders and shook her wrathfully.



“I don't want to go home! I don't

want to go home! I won’t go home!"

she walled, and screamed, and yelled,

and cried. and kicked. and tore herself

from my hands.



"Heavens an' earth!" exclaimed Mary

Jane. “She'll bust sometin‘ inside 0'

her! Do tell th’ child you’ll not send her

home ’fore we have th' hull country down

on us for murderin'!"



"But she is going home, and I am go-





ing to hitch up and take them both to





the station right now, and ship them to

Ehther at Saratoga. Heaven only knows

what they would do if they staid here a

day longer!" I answered. determinedly,

and started for the barn, But before I

reached the door I was stopped by a yell

from Ellen and a cry of alarm from Mary

Jane; andIturnedintlmetoseeEllen

- fall on her back to the floor, and stiffen





a... -.





   





   





   





THE " MICHIGAN FARMER.‘





out, and catch her breath, and grow black

in the ace. «



“She’s dyin'! She's dyinl” Mary Jane

cried, throwing herself down on the floor

by the side of the child.



I was never so frightened in my life.

In my excitement I caught up a pailful

of cold water, and poured it all, in a

sudden douch, over the face of Ellen.

She yelled, and gasped, and choked; and

then, to my astonishment, she jumped

to her feet, and began to scream as if

forty thousand imps were working her

vocal chords. At that moment I felt a.

pull at my sleeve, and looking down saw

Teddy.



"0h,‘Teddy, Teddy!" I cried,

can I do? What can I do?”



“Well," he replied, "you can spank her

real hard; or give her what she wants.

Pa mostly gives her what she wants. He

says it saves his nerves.”



Heavens! I would as soon spank a

buzz-saw as Ellen! But something had

to be done; and, in sheer- desperation, I

caught the child by the shoulders and

shouted, savagely: “Shut up and I 511211

not send you home! You can stay if you

break your neck every five minutes."



“Oh, Uncle John, I thought you were

never going to give in! I am almost

dead! Papa never throws water on me!"

and she fell back, sobbing into my arms.

“Now love me, Uncle John. Papa always

does after I have had one of my tan-

trums," and she put her arms around my

neck, and laid her hot soft check against

my rough face.



And I wiped her tears away, and kissed

her. and loved her. What else could I

do? A woman is too much for a man

even when she is a little girl.





."what





 





CHAPTER 'VI.





At Red Murdock's.





After breakfast I had Mary Jane fill a

large basket with food for Red Murdock's

family, for I intended to drive to town

and stop there on the way, to see how

Belle was and what there was I could

do for them. I told Teddy and Ellen that

they might go with me (for after the

morning's experience I did not care to

leave them alone with Mary Jane) if each

would write a long letter to the father

and mother at Saratoga; and .the letter

writing began at once.



In about an hour Ellen came running

out to where I was greasingthe car-

riage, her letter in her hand, while the

ink stains on her fingers and forehead

told how severe had been her mental and

physical struggle.



“Uncle John,” she cried, holding the

letter up proudly for my inspection, "I'm

done, and it’s a long letter. but not as

long as Teddy's. He’s writing yet; but

my thinker got tired. Do you want to

road the letter?" and she held it out to

me.



“Of course I do,” I answered, taking

the letter, which covered four pages of

paper and was written “big."



This is what I read:



Unkle john’s farm.

Darling mama and dear papa



i luv you more than anything else in

the world and i mis you awful at nite

time when i go to bed and its a! dark and

lonsum I luv unkle john to kuse he saved

my life to times. wonce when the turkies

and hens got mad and tried to eat teddy

and me up and this very morning when

teddy and i kllmed on top of the barn

to se the sun rise on top of pikes peak

and teddy fel and the rope which was tied

round cur midles jerked me up and hung

me right in the air miles and miles from

the ground and unkle john run up quick

and caut me in his arms and teddy was

saved to. unkle john is awful good and

don’t skold but hes harder to manage

than papa i had an awful time with him

this morning and he thru a pail of water

all over me and shok me real hard and

what do you think he was going to send

teddy and me back to you but he didnt

kuse i cried and yelld so hard and that

why he thru the water on me. weve hen

bisy sploring robers caves and We saved

a butlful woman from a watery grave

and were going to town with unkle john

this morning and that is why im rlting

to you. queen arm and princes elizabeth

are well but i cant give them much ten-

tion now kuse im to busy xcept nltes

when i take them both to bed with me.

and have nice long talks with them mary

jane is awul old and fusy but she good

kuse she made teddy and me a lot of

tarts with red jelly in the midle my lips

just ake to kis You mama and papa but





i dont like to kis mary jane kuse her c





teth drop out but unkle john most as nice

to kiss as you papa. teddy rlting to i do

luv you mama and papa a thousand

miiyun pounds and now I mus draw to

a klose hoping you are having lots of

fun. teddy and me are

your luving little girl Ellen



for mama and papa forty milyun' xmxx

and a lot_ of swet hugs. _



Ellen explained that the crosses meant

kisses. and that Teddy helpedha- to spell

two “big" words.



“That’s fine! Why, I could read every





word of it! I did not know you could

write so well!” I said, as I handed the

letter back. “Now run into the house

and put the letter in an envelope, and tell

Teddy to hurry, and both get dressed,

for I shall be ready to start in a few min-

ules. I know mamma and papa will be

delighted with that letter.”



“Yes, I do; think papa and mamma

will be surprised when they read this

nice long letter,” she said, her face shin-

ing. as she ran back into the house.





I could not help it; in spite of my fears,

in spite of the morning’s dreadful experi-

ence, I felt myself falling in love with my

sister's children. They did not k'nock,

but pushed the door open and walked

into my heart, taking it for granted they

would be welcomed. And yet. I was about

as comfortable with them near me as I

would have been with a can of dynamite

on each shoulder; and of the two I fan-

cied the dynamite would be rather the

less dangerous, for I could count, with

some degree of certainty, on what the

dynamite would do, but only the Infinite

could tell when or where or how the chil-

dren might go off. I



As I drove up to the door a half an

hour later Teddy came running out, dress-

ed like a little Lord Fauntleroy, minus

the curls. My sister Esther is a bit

“notional” in the dressing of her chil«

dren; and, while their clothes are always

pretty and becoming, they are usually a

trifle at variance with the current fash-

ions. However, the suit set very grace-

fully 0‘1 Teddy’s sturdy little form, and

its eleganCe seemed quite appropriate to

his strong face and manly bearing. Ted-

dy has an unusually attractive face, yet

it is not a handsome one. The nose and

chin are large, the forehead is broad

rather than high, and the blue eyes are

placed very firmly in the head; but it is

such a brave, honest face, and has such

a pleasant look about the mouth, and the





cyes light up so merrily. that it draws

one to it, as the sweet and strong and

bravo in human life always do. Still one





never thinks of Teddy’s appearance nor

clothes when with him. It is the whole

boy that makes the impression; and not

until the prescnt moment could I have

told whether his eyes were blue or black.

or whclher he was handsomeor homely.



‘fEllen will be out in a minute.” he

said, as he climbed into the carriage.

“Mary Jane had a little trouble getting

on her dress. I think girls’ dresses are

awful fussy things. I am glad I am not

a girl. Let me drive, Uncle John?” and

he reached for the lines.



[ gave him the lines and jumped out of

the carriage to help in Ellen, who now





appeared, looking as dainty and as pretty

as a little fairy, in her white dress, her

long, dark hair hanging in curls around





a face as sweet and as pleasant to look

at as a new-blown rose.



Red Murdm-k's house was little better

than a shanty. and everything about it

spoke eloquently of the shirtless character

of its OWner. The gate was off its hinges,

the front yard was full of weeds, a pane

of glass was out of one of the windows

with a shingle roughly fitted in its place,

and the house itself was sadly in need of

repairs. from the leaky roof to the rotten

steps of the porch. I had often tried to

shame llcrl Murdock into straightening

up his home, but he would reply: "What's

th' use? Things come unfixed 'bout as

fast as I can fix 'cm; an’ 'pears to me as

a dozen weeds jumped up in th’ place of

every one I out down, so I jest let things

run, an’ it's lots more comfortable than

constant fixin’. I don’t care much for

ornament nohow."



(Continued next week).

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A REALLY MERRY CHRISTMAS.





Once more the season of peace on

earth good will to men, approaches and

again throughout the land thousands,

yes, probably millions of women are ac-

tually worried over the approach of the

day which should mean nothing but joy

and gladness.



Last year I was one of the millions,

and the year before that and the years

before that, for more than I intend to

specify here. Every year on the twenty-

sixth of December I have declared that

next year I would reform, that I should

give no presents, except to the really

needy. and when I said it I meant it. But

by the last of the next October the fever

would start up. Everyone else was plan-

ning. and sewing and buying and talking

Christmas, and I hadn't the strength of

mind to withstand the temptation, for I

really felt it to be a temptation. I knew,

from past experience, that certain friends

would remember me. and while I felt I

should give my money to the really poor,

I was ashamed not to give to those from

whom I knew I should receive.



But this year I believe i really am go-

ing to stick to my last post—Christmas

resolution. It is now the middle of De-

cember and my temperature has not gone

up, though all around me the Christmas

fever is burning. I haven’t bought a

present, nor made one, nor thought up

one for the friends I have always remem-

bered in the past. More than that, I’ve

put all my ready money into presents for

the downright poor, just so I will not be

able to yield to temptation if it rears its

head about the twentieth of the month.



The gifts I have prepared are not at

all dainty nor artistic. Indeed, they ,are

very ordinary and commonplace, but I’m

sure they’ll do good. There is a spray

for the wash-woman who has bronchial

trouble from the first snow-fall till April

30. For her two-year-old son there is a





pair of woolen drawer-leggings, as she

tells me he is "bent and determined” to

wade through all the snow he sees. For

three fatherless boys in another city there

will be a gift of money, and for the crip-

pled children’s hospital a bundle of out-

grown clothing and a package of maga-

zines and story—books. '



This does not comprise the whole list

but it gives you my idea of what Christ—

mas should mean to us, a chance to help

those who actually need it. With the ex-

ception of the hospital, I will not give to

anyone who is likely to receive a. great

many gifts from others. I have not hunt—

ed out the very poorest, those who will

get help from the poor commission, the

Salvation Army, the churches and other

organized charities, but the proud poor,

who would starve and freeze rather than

uncover their need to others. They are

the ones who are really most in need of

Christmas, of brotherly love and help.



t I. C



And I am really counting on a. Merry

Christmas, the first one since I was a

child. Heretofore I've worried beforehand

over the sum of money I would have to

spend to keep up with the rest and have

suffered pricks of conscience because I

did not do more for those who would be

forgotten. Christmas day has usually

been a period of gloom when I saw my

own gifts and compared them with the

ones I had sent out, and the day after,

remorse has claimed me and I have

vowed to do better next time. This year

I am approaching the day with a mind

serene and carefree. I know that no one

who receives from me will give me some—

thing which will make my gift seemin-

significant, and better still, I know I am

giving where the gift will be an actual

benefit. Therefore the day promises to

be one of real rejoicing and good-will.



DEBORAH.





 





A GROUP OF CHRISTMAS GIFTS.





BY MCVIOLA WRIGHT.





Case for Teaspoons.



Material required, half yard of light

blue or light pink fiannellette, six cents,

two yards ribbon, one inch wide, 12

cents.



Cut from the fiannellette a piece of

gm’lds 18 inches by 18 inches, bind one

end with the ribbon, turn this end up

seven inches, stitch down this turned over

picce to the other, leaving spaces large

enough to slip in, the spoons. There will

be four inches of the material left for a

flap. Cut this in three scallops, one in

the center, and one at each side sloping

towards the. case. Bind all around the

edge with the ribbon.



Tack a piece of the ribbon on back of

case for tying when the case is rolled up.

Similar cases can be made for knives,

forks and tablespoons, by cutting in sizes

to correspond to the different articles.





Cushion.

Material needed, three—quarters of a

yard of art scrim. color Arabian, price





15 cents; three—quarters of a yard of mer-

cerized sateen, color light blue; one bolt

(ten. yards), silk wash ribbon, basket

weave design, three-eighths of an inch

wide, price 30 cents.



Cut from the art scrim, a cover 21 by

21 inches, and from the mercerized sateen

two pieces 21 by 21 inches, also a ruffle

from each material four inches wide

and four yards long, taking a hem three-

eighths of an inch wide.



On the scrim square draw threads each

way of the material. beginning one inch

from edge. Draw threads for one inch,

leave one inch of goods and draw threads

another inch. Continue thus until the

opposite side is reached each way of the

goods. Draw threads in the scrim ruffle

for one inch, near hem. Now take a

bodkin, thread with the ribbon and run

through where threads have been drawn,

dividing the threads in the middle. Fold

one-half over beyond the other half, and

insert the ribbon in the hole in center

thus formed. Leave two inches of rib-





bon at the end of each row, to fold over

and tack to ruffle when sewed on. Thread

ribbon through ruffle same as through

cushion top, gather two ruffles together

and sew cushion up,



Pin-cushion.



Material needed, quarter of a yard of

silk any color, price 25 cents; quarter

yard of wash net, square mesh with fig-

ure, price 15 cents; five yards wash rib-

bon, quarter of an inch wide, 15 cents.



Out of the silk make a cushion nine by

four inches and stuff with hair or cotton.

Make a slip the same size out of the net

with a ruffle two inches wide and 52

inches long. Make an under ruffle of the

silk the same size. Before gathering net

ruffle stitch a row of the baby ribbon all

around the edge, making two bows, on

opposite corners. After the cushion is

put together make- bows of ribbon for

each corner and cross one strand of the

ribbon m er top of cushion from opposite

Corners.



Needle Book.



Material needed, spool of crochet cot-

ton any desired color, five cents; half a

yard of ribbon to match, width about

a half inch, two cents; one-eighth of a

yard of white flannel, eight cents.



Cut three round pieces from the flannel

two and one-half inches in diameter.

Crochet around the edge of each with

the crochet cotton, using a fine chochet

hook which will easilypass through the

flannel. Then crochet two covers for the

book, of the crochet cotton, as follows:



Chain six join treble, that is, insert

hook in center, after throwing thread

over needle once. Draw thread through

work, making three loops on hook, draw

thread through two loops on hook, then

again through the remaining two loops.

Continue thus, widening enough to keep

the circle fiat, until you have a circle

measuring tWo and one-half inches in

diameter, then crochet an edge as fol-

lows:



Treble, skip three stitches, treble picot,





(that is, chain four, turn chain backward,

insert hook in first stitch of chain and

draw thread through this stitch, treble,

p., insert in same hole as first, treble, p.,

inserting in same hole again, treble, skip

two stitches, insert hook in third and

draw thread through, skip two stitches,

treble, insert hook, picot and continue as

given for first scallop.



Tie the three leaves and covers to-

gether with the ribbon.





—.._.._._.—_._.__





CHRISTMAS HINTS.

BY MRS. MAY PEINTNER.



It is nice to have an old-fashioned

“taffy—pull” for the children on Christ-

mas. Have it in the afternoon. A sim-

ple recipe for taffy which will not injure

them is: One cupful of molasses, one

cupful of sugar, one tablespoonful of but-

ter, a pinch of salt.



I saw a home-made cup rack the other

day which would make a nice present for

the housewife. It was made from ordi-





 





nary molding, the same that is used

above baseboards. There were three

strips each about 28 inches long. On‘





the under flat side of each strip, on each

end was screwed a piece of wood two

inches long, three-quarters of an inch

wide and three—quarters of an inch thick.

Each of these pieces had two holes for

screws bored in it.





saucers. The outer edge for cups, which

hang on brass screw—eyes.



A nice cranberry jelly is made in a few

minutes. \Vash one quart of cranberries,

add one pint of water, cover and boil for

five minutes. Press through a sieve,

return to the kettle, add one pound of

sugar, stir until -the sugar is dissolved,

boil for a moment and turn into a mould.



.I save all my grape and peach baskets

during the year to fill with dainties for

Christmas. Some I line with pretty tissue

paper and'fill with oranges, nuts, candy,

etc., and carry to the sick and invalids

of the neighborhood. Others are filled

with glasses of jelly, cookies or pies for





elderly people who are unfortunate in

some way. Such gifts are always appre-

ciated.





with Christmas mince

meat make a nice dish for the dinner

table. Remove the cores from the ap-

ples, fill the centers with a rich mince:





Apples stuffed





meat, add a little water and bake until

they are tender. Serve hot with whipped

cream.





I received a table for a winter garden





last, Christmas which pleased me very

much. It was a plain table made of

pine, stained, about four feet long and





three feet wide. The top drops in about

six inches and is lined with zinc, with a

small waste pipe in one corner. It is on

casters so that it may be readily moved

from one window to another. By having

my flowers and plants placed on it the

house is made very attractive.





FASHIONS’S FANCIES.





Lovers of Irish lace will be glad to

know that a great deal of it is being used

this fall, and thOSe who can make it as

well as admire it may consider them-

selves lucky. For this lace is the “mak-

ing” of many an otherwise plain after-

noon dress. The really popular after-

noon dress has wide revers, like the sea—

son’s coats, only, of course, not so large

and if you want your dress to be really

up-to-date the right rever must be cov-

ered with coarse lace, Irish point if you

can afford to buy it or know how to make

it. A “V,” or pointed yoke, and collar of

the lace is, of course, very desirable,

though you can cut the bottom off one

of your old highmeck lingerie waists ana

wear the yoke thus formed and the

sleeves under your cloth gown, for, of

course, the dress sleeves will be only

elbow length. I .



Collar and cuff sets of coarse lace are

much worn, with the winter coats. There

are also frills of tri-angular shape to be

pinned to the waist at the neck and belt

and worn falling over the left rever of

the coat. The big point of the frill is

pinned with a fancy pin to the coat rever.



Navy blue touched with green is a

popular combination. Navy serge dresses





The grooved side of ;

the molding is upper most and is used for ;





 





 





DEC. 9, 1911.





The Quickest [laugh (lure?





Cheap, But Unequalled





A Whole Pint oi it ior 50c. Saves

You $2. Boos the Work Quickly

or Money Reiunded.





 





For quick and positive results, the pint

of cough syrup that you make with a 50-

cent bottle of Pinex, cannot be equalled.

It takes hold instantly and will usually

stop the most obstinate deep-seated

cough inside of 24 hours. Even croup

and whooping cough yield to it quickly.



The user of Pinexmixes it with home-

made sugar syrup. This gives you a full

pint~-a family supply—of better cough

remedy than you could buy ready mixed

for $2.50. Easily prepared in 5 minutes—

full directions in package.



Pinex soothes and heals 'the inflamed

membranes with remarkable rapidity. It

stimulates the appetite, is slightly lax-

ative, and tastes good—children like it.

Excellent for hoarsencss, asthma, bron-

chitis, and other throat troubles, and has

a wonderful record in cases of incipient

lung trouble.



Pinex is a special and highly concen-

trated compound of Norway White Pine

extract, rich in guaiacol and other na-

tural healing pine elements. Simply mix

with sugar syrup or strained honey, in a

pint bottle, and it is ready for use. Used

in more homes in the U. S. and Canada

than any other cough remedy. '



Pinex has often been imitated, but

never successfully, for nothing else will

produce the same results. The genuine

is guaranteed to give absolute satisfac-

tion or money refunded. Certificate of

guarantee is wrapped in each package.

Your druggist has Pinex or will gladly

get it for you. If not, send to The Pinex

Co., 232 Main St., Ft. Wayne, Ind.





F a





 





 





TRADE HAIR





sons 2. -





FORTHETOILETw ~

«Mun BATH \ ‘





Jas.S.Kirk&Com1iy' ' I





Make Your Hair

Soft and Fluffy





With





JAP ROSE





Use JAP ROSE—the transparent

and vegetable oil Soap. Made espe-

cially for the Shampoo, Toilet and

Bath. It lather: freely, cleans

instantly, and leaves no sediment.





Start using JAP ROSE today! It

is Nature’s best way to cleanliness

and health. Use it in Cold or Hot.

Hard or Soft Water.





A Large Cake for 10¢





REFUSE lMlTAllONS. LOOK FOR THE

JAP GIRL 0" THE YELLOW PACKAGE.





 





 





 





 





 





 





At All and

Druggists - Grocers

Established 1839 101





 





 





 





 





STEEL MANTLE





Lamp and Lantern Burners





0derless.. Smokeless. Durable.“Eflicient

Indispenaible. One Steel Mantle Burn

or gives as much light as three com

mon burners. You certainly need them

If your dealer doesn‘t keep them send

us his name and address and 250 for

each burner you need, we will mail

them to you. Agents wanted.





THE STEEL MANTLE LIGHT CO.

Huron Street. Toledo. Ohio.





Hides tanned for Robes,

Co ats and Rugs





Send us your Cattle or HorseHides or any skim

that you may have, and we will tan these for you

as they ought to be tanned. We have the largest

and best plant: in the country for doing this

work. We are coat and robe makers. Our prices

are right, work Guaranteed. Low prices.



Send for circular. also catalog.





HUGH WALLACE COMPANY,

DETROIT, MICHIGAN.





TRAPPERS





SHIP U8 ALL YOUR

We can prove we pay more

money for our furs than any

Fur house 11 theU. S.becau so

we dress and dye all our furs

direct for the manufacturer.

Write today for free price list.



a charge no commission:





ABRAHAM





I.

O

258 1:. Iain so. 5t. Louil, no.
,/





DEC. .9' 1911.





piped with green are seen everywhere and

the green touches up many gowns of blue

silk. Do not use green with black, how-

ever. It makes the black look even

deader, and is besides a cheap looking

combination. Blue goes better with

black.



Tassels and fringes are being forced

upon us, whether We will or no. A dan—

gling' tassel from the bottom of‘ your

dress revers is considered quite smart.

but as everyone seems possessed with a

mad desire to pull the ornament uff. it

is a question if they will be p0pular for

very long.



Beware the garment of an unusual col-

or unless you can afford a very large

wardrobe. For instance, if you can only

have one coat do not get a striking color,

like old rose or purple or vivid green.

Choose a neutral tone, black, dark blue,

brown. or gray. Just why a woman

would choose an old rose cloth coat is a

mystery, but a girl boarded the car in a

drizzly, wet snow storm the other day

wearing just such a coat. Of course, ev-

eryone stared and commented. Had she

bought a coat of a sensible color she

would have had the satisfaction of know-

ing that she was never conspicuous and

that she would get better value, for a

quiet shade looks well longer than the

.unusual colors.





 





PARTY CONTESTS.





 





BY. GENEVA n. SEWELL.



It is a very good plan for any one,

even though she does not entertain very

often, to keep on hand some lists of

guessing games, all made out so they

may be brought out at a moment's n0-

tice. It does not take very long to pre-

pare one or two dozen contest booklets,

or cards, and then they may be laid

away until needed. For the following

contest prepare cards with the words,

“Be Brilliant” put on in fancy letters at

the top, then follows the questions. Each

card should .have a small engagement

pencil attached to it when it is made.

These questions will do for almost any

occasion.





A bee which is near the water?

(Beach).

A bee which is seen afar? (Beacon).

A bee which is an ornament? (Bead).

A bee which is a bow-wow? (Beagle).

A bee which ’is useful to birds? (Beak).

A bee good to eat? (Bean). ,

A bee which is put in barns? (Beam).

A bee which is often wild? (Beast).

A bee which is cruel? (Beat).

A bee which is a useful little animal?

(Beaver).





(Because).

(Be-





is an excuse?

appeals to women?





A bee which



A bee which

deck).



A bee which anticipates?



A. bee which makes a start?



A bee which is a dismissal?



A bee which gives unwillingly?

grudge).



A bee which children should adopt?

(Behave). _



A bee which lags?



A bee which shows faith?



A bee which is near one?

A bee which is a traitor?

A

A





(Before).

(Begin).



(Begone).



(Be-





(Behind).

(Belief).

(Beside).

(Betray).

(Betroth).

(Beyond).

(Beware).

(Be-





bee which is engaged?

bee that is in advance?

bee that gives warning?

A bee which offers kindness?

friend).

For another contest write the questions

on small trowels made from green card-





>





board, using red ink for the writing.

These questions are especially suitable

for a "Harvest Home" party.



We are a practical family. neither sad





nor sentimental, yct people wccp when

we are near? (Onion).



If any one in our family fails to have

a good hard head he is discarded?

(Cabbage).



We love to travel, and for our journey

wear a nice green uniform? (Cucumber).



For early Spring we wear a pretty pink

frock, but for winter use we find brown

more serviceable? (Potato).



Any class would do well to adopt our

colors, purple and white? (Turnip).



Our leaves are crisp and our heart is





tender? (Lettuce).



Behold in us a golden ball, sometimes

large, sometimes small? (Pumpkin),

W'e are good to eat, when our rough

green dress and silken plume is re-

moved? (Corn).



We are a large family in a small green

house? (Peas). ’



‘We blush for our name? (Bcet).





Our heads-must be snow white before

we are noticed? (Cauliflower).



Some of our family are red and some

are yellow? (Tomatoes).



We grow thick in. stalk but tender to

eat? (Asparagus).





 





THE... MICHIGAN FARMER.





We grow better if you shade us? (Cel-

cry).



We live in Boston? (Beans).



Some of us are crooked all around, and

some only have it in the neck? (Squash).



We are a hot tempered family and

often our housesf'are bright red? (Pep-

per). 7 .



Another guessing contest for any sea-

son of the year might be called the

“Storm Calendar,” the words all tell of

weather and are jumbled up as—Lage

(gale).



Arin (Rain).



“'ons (Snow).



Cocenly (Cyclone).



Lizbardz (Blizzard).



Letse (Sleet).



Alhi (Hail).



Rodtoan (Tornado).



Ricarhune (Hurricane).



*iwd (Wind).



Trofs (Frost).



Another game that may be liked is

made from the fruits of the season. It

may be written on little booklets shaped

like an apple or an orange.



The fruit our ancestors‘ ate? (Apple).



The fruit that makes us think of a

great man? (Cherry).



The sound“ a sheep makes when bleat-

ing and tw0 Scotch negatives? (Bu-

na—na).



The sound a dog makes when startled,

and what we are said to be descended

from? (Gr-Ape).



What some people are always handing

around? (A Lemon).



Two of a kind? (Pear).



The abbreviation for one of the'months,

yourself and a bed? (Apr-i-cot).



A file and what we do to the dead?

(Rasp-bury).



1492? (Date).



“hat you do not care? (A Fig).



The latest news? (Currant).



An exclamation and a cook

(O-range).





RECIPES.





stove?





Editor “’oman's Departmeutz~l saw

in November 4 issue, Mrs. L. L. G. would

like some good cooky recipes and home—

made candies. As I have a couple of

recipes will send them.



Delicious Molasses Cookies.



One cup of brown sugar and two eggs

beaten together, one cup of New Orleans

molasses, (be sure it is New Orleans),

one cup of melted lard, six tablespoons

of warm water, one teaspoon soda in the

molasses, beaten until very light, one

teaspoon of' soda in the water. One

heaping teaspoon of ginger, one of salt,

nutmeg to taste, four cups of sifted flour,

stir up and leave over night in a cool

place, keep as cool as possible while

rolling out, as they are soft. “'hen these

are all right they are as soft and light

as cakes. ,



Dried Apple Fruit Cake.



TWo cups of sugar, half cup butter, two

eggs, one cup sour milk, two teaspoons

cinnamon, half teaspoon cloves, two tea-

spoons soda, one teaspoon baking pow-

der, one pint dried apples, one cup mo—

lasses, one cup currants, one cup raisins,

half pound citron, four and one-half cups

flour. Put dried apples to soak over

night. Add cup molasses and cook a few

minutes, cool and add to other ingredi-

ents—Mrs. F. S. L.



Scotch Chocolate Cake.



One cup of sugar, one egg, one table-

spoonful butter, one-half cup sour milk,

one-fourth cup boiling water in which

melt two squares of chocolate, one large





cup of flour, one teaspoonful soda. Stir

chocolate and water in last. Bake in

two tins and put together with white





frosting—V. W.



\Vhen making fried cakes have a basin

of boiling water on the stove and as fast

as the cakes are taken from the fat, dip

instantly in and out of the water. This

makes them deliciously tender and much

less greasy. The fat may be removed

from the water when cold—M. W.



Stewed Liver. _



One pound of calf’s liver, one pint of

water, one tablespoonful of flour, one

small onion, salt and pepper. Cut the

liver in slices and the slices into two-inch

squares. Put two tablespoons of drip-

pings into a 'pan, add to it the flour and

stir until brown. Now add the water

and stir until it boils. Pour this into a

stew pan with the liver and onion, cover

and simmer gently for an hour. Season

with salt and pepper to taste and serve

at once—R. R.



Cook one-half cup of Well washed rice

in a pint of milk until tender. Add a

tablespoonful of butter, half a teaspoon-

ful of salt, two teaspoonfuls of curry

powder, and one beaten egg. Drop by





large spoonfuls into a deep kettle of

smoking hot fat. When a light brown,

drain and serve with meat in place of

potatoes.





 





SHORT CUTS TO HOUSEKEEPING.



A widow of my acquaintance makes a

neat sum every year raising horseradish

for her Christmas money. She has one

acre of ground. Here she raises horse-

radish for the market. The planting is

done in June and in November she begins

harvesting the crop. She interviews all

the tradesmen and hotel keepers likely

to handle it. She gets a. fresh supply for

them every week. From her one acre

she usually clears a hundred dollars-—

M. A. P.



The caustic diseharge from a cold

renders the nose very sore, and a small

child has no way of making it known ex-

cept by crying. Keep the nose as soft

and clean as possible by frequent spong-

ing with warm water. Always use a soft,

o... silk or linen handkerchief with which

to wipe it. Dip a soft camel’s hair brush

in pure olive oil and run it up the nos-





trile. It both softens the hard mucus

and helps to Clear the passages by

sneezing. Wipe out the mouth and give





frequent drinks of water. Sometimes the

passages are so obstinate, that there is

difficulty in nursing or feeding from the

bottle, then feed him from a spoon. Re-

member, that in any cold the relaxing of

the bowels is always the first step toward

a curc._——Mrs. J D.



A tablespoonful of lime water to a loaf

of bread will bleach it the same as alum,

with none of its injurious effects on the

stomach. It also has a tendency to pre-

vent souring. Care must be taken not

to use more or it will kill the yeast.—

l). L. M.



it is often a tax on the ingenuity of

the mother to amuse. a sick child during

the holiday. l have sccn this plan suc-





cessfully carried out: Crack large Eng-

lish walnuts and remove the kernels.

Substitute for the meals small articles





like a tiny doll, a piece of candy, at new

penny, etc, then match the shells and

glue together. The child may be allowed

to crack a nut at different times during

the day.-—M. A. P.





 





 





MICHIGAN FARMER PATTERNS.





 





These patterns may be obtained from

the Michigan Farmer ofilce at the prices

named. Be sure to give pattern number

and the size wanted.





 





   

 





 





“141

53 6



No. 5492—Girls’ Long Box Coat. Cut

in Sizes 6, 8, l0 and 12 years. Age, 8 re—

quires 21.; yards of 50—inch material.

Price, 10 cents.



No. 548l—Ladies' Waist with Rolling

Collar. Cut in sizes 32 to 42 'lllt'llGH bust

measure. Size 36 requires 11;, yards of

27-inch material. Price, ’10 cents.



No. 5446—Ladies’ Dress with Guimpe

and rive-Gore Skirt Having Inverted Box

Plait or Habit Back. Cut in 6 sizes, 32

to 42 inches, bust measure. Size 36 re-

quires for dress. 51,3 yards of 36—inch ma-

terial, and for guimpe 11,43 yards of the

same width. Price, 10 cents.



No. 5355—Ladies’ Waist Lining. Cut

in 8 sizes, 32 to 46 inches bust measure.

Size 36 requires 21/. yards of 36-inch ma-

terial. Price, 10 cents.



5366—Ladies’ Nine‘Gored Skirt. Cut

in 6 sizes, 22 to 32 inches, waist meas-

ure. Size 34 requires 31,4 yards around

lower edge, and requires 3% yards 44

inches wide. Price, 10 cents.





 





 





 





(19)





‘





p: ‘

_/.>-





LANTERNS f:

.. “(1/





 





There is no needless delay

about putting the horses up

for the night and getting into

your own comfortable home

when the work is lighted—

and lightened—by a Rayo

lantern. Rayo lanterns give

such a strong, steady light

you can put your hand on

what you want in a second.





Rayo lanterns are the best

and brightest on the market.





Made in all kinds of styles

and sizes, to suit any use.





Finest material and workman-

ship; most light for

the oil consumed;

will not blow out.





All Rayo lanterns are

equif ped with selected Rayo

globes, clear, red or green,

as desired. Wicks inserted

in burners, ready to light.





Dealers everywhere; or

write for descriptive circular

direct to any agency of the





Standard Oil Comany I





 





 





(Incorporated)





 





 





\





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the Michigan Farmer when writ

ing to our advertisers.





MENTIGN
590 (20)





 





ervv vv vrv vv v vvrvvvrv mains, Canada can make it effective if



she chooses.

The former action of the Grange in re-

gard to a national highway commission





was stated, and a non- -partisan tariff





Our Motto—“The farmer is of more board was recommended, which shall rc-

consequence than the farm, and should be port directly to congress.





first improved With regard to banking and currency

THE COMING STATE GRANGE MEET- reform, he declared that the Grange fav-

iNG. ors a banking system that will provide

__ for the effective co-operation of all the



Michigan State Grange will hold its banks of the country, so as to make it

thirty-ninth annual meeting at Kalama- possible for the stronger banks to aid the

zoo, Dec. 12-15. The various sessions will weaker institutions in event 0f wide-

be held in the Academy of Music, the Spread finanCial criS‘S- He urged that

opening session convening there at 10:00 the Grange be ready to give its cordial

a. m. on Tuesday. The usual public re- assistance to an honest practical plan for

ception will occur on Tuesday evening at remedying present currency conditions.

the State Normal, where short addresses Respecting tariff legislation, he said

will be made by President Waldo, of the that the Grange does not ODDOSG an hon-

Normal, Mayor Farrell, of Kalamazoo, est downward revision of the tariff, nor

State .Master Hull, and Hon. L. L. does it favor the maintenance of high

"Vright’ state superintendent of public protection. It simply insists that no re-

instruction. Entertainment features of duction shall be made in the duties on

this meeting Will be class exercises in farm DI‘OdUCtS unless the duties on man-

physical training in the gymnasium and ufactured articles are reduced corre-

stereopticon pictures. spondingly at the same time.



\Vhile the work of the various sessions Reports of Officers.

is not definitely laid out until after the Mrs. E. S. McDowell, of Massachusetts,

Grange convenes. it is probable that the treasurer of the National Grange, report-

custom of giving over Wednesday after- ed that the cash balance Oct. 1, 1910, was

noon to a program on lecture work will $21,243.40; that receipts by secretary the

be followed. Last year the State Lecturer past year were $13,752.85; that interest

presented “The Leciurer’s Field” in a on account from Farmers’ Loan & Trust

very able manner. This year Miss Buell Co. is $515.36; interest on notes, $2,464.—

is planning to focus attention upon the 07; payment on notes, $6,376;25; interest

methods of successful lecturers. This on bonds, $1, 825; sundry receipts, $290. 01;

part of the state meeting is aimed to receipts from state Granges for dues, $25, -

impress the. value of a program at every 216.13.1t should be noted here that

meeting upon all members, whether lec- Pennsylvania leads all the states in the

turers or not, but is of particular help to amount of dues paid, namely, $5,110. 37.

lecturers. New York is next with $4, 616 84, then



The Grange will make the American Maine, $2, 800. 91; Michigan, $2, 292. 58; New

House headquarters. This and all other Hampshile, $1,810.91. The total assets of

hotels in the city have announced special the National Grange Oct. 1 last year were

rates for the benefit of patrons attending





   





 





.- THE MICHIGAN FARMBR.





tive committee, $1,964.08; National Grange

Monthly, $2,761.05; Hampton case, 1 $2,-





729.93;- deficit of National Grange Organ,





postage and sundries, $3,611.70.-



National Secretary Freeman, of Ohio,

reported that there had been 453 new

Granges organized for the fiscal year

ending September 30, 1911, and 60 re-or-

ganized. The receipts of the secretary’s

office were: Sixth degree fees, $1,716;

seventh degree fees, $683; charter fees,

$6,795; sales of stock, $4,555.85; incident-

als, $3, making a total of $13,752.85. The

expenses of the secretary’s office were

$937.34.



Committee Reports and Resolutions.



The legislative committee, which con-

sisted of N. J. Bachelder, Aaron Jones and

T. C. Atkeson, gave an account of its

stewardship during the Canadian reci-

procity campaign. That issue. made it

impossible to secure consideration of any

of the legislative policies favored by the

Grange, but now the way is open to push

the campaign for a parcels post law, gov-

ernmental aid in highway improvement

and tariff revision.



State Master Creasy, of Pennsylvania,

in the report of the committee on co-op-

eration, recommended and the Grange

endorsed as follows: That co-operatrve

enterprises which involve considerable

expenditure of money should be incor-

porated; that such co-operative enter-

prises should be confined to Grange

membership; that loca—Frmarkets be Ide-

veloped co—operatively for supplying the

products of the community; that the Na.-

tional Grange take immediate steps to

establish a reliable crop report system;

that the executive committee be author-

ized to take up this matter with each

Grange state and co-operate with them

for the establishment in the several states

of such enterprises as have been suggest-





 





DEC. 9, 1911.,





Grange be paid for at three cents per

copy; _an emergency appropriation, not

to exceed $1,506, and that a board of

managers be elected, one‘ niember 'for





three years, one for two". years, and one ‘





for one year, at this meeting, and here-

after one for three years each year:



Proportional representation" in the Na-

tional Grange came before this meeting

in the form of a resolution from Master

Stetson, of Maine, favoring a Change of

representatidn. The resolutiOn was ta-

bled. The same fate befell a resolution

recommending a business- like accounting

of National Grange records in line with

that now being instituted in public ser-

vice business in many states.



The proposition to increase the national

master’s salary to 5,000 a year, presented

by Master Creasy, provoked considerable

discussion. The committee on officers’

salaries substituted $1,500 for the $5,000,

but this was amended to make the salary

$2,000 a year with expenses, the master

to be allowed six weeks’ vacation, devot-

ing the whole of his time with this ex-

ception to the work of the Grange. The

secretary's salary was fixed at $1,200 per

year, with $4 per diem for actual days

employed. and expenses; treasurer’s sal-

ary, 3500; executive committeemen, $4

per day and expenses.



Appropriations were voted, for the com-

ing year, of $2,000 for extension work in

states now organized, and $5,000 forpor-

ganization of Granges in states where

there is now no Grange organization.

ElectIOn—Michigan's State Master Made



National Lecturer.



The election of officers for the ensuing

two years, which was held Nov. 21,. re-

sulted as follows: Master, Oliver Wilson,

Illinois; overseer, L. H. Healey, Connec-

ticut; lecturer, N. P. Hull, Michigan;

steward, D. C. Mullen, Idaho; assistant





 





the meeting. A railroad fare of one and

one-half one way fare for the round trip

from all points in the lower peninsula has

been secured. The Normal faculty and

all citizens of Kalamazoo have. extended

a cordial welcome and the meeting prom-

ises to be a wonderfully enjoyable and

profitable one.



ANNUAL MEETING OF THE NATION-



AL GRANGE.





 





The National Grange held its forty-r

fifth annual meeting at Columbus, 0.,

November 15—24. This meeting was pre—

ceded by a two-day session of Ohio State

Grange. The proceedings of both meet-

ings were replete with evidence of Grange

growth and prosperity, a total of 513

subordinate Granges having been organ-

ized or re—org:1nizcd during the year end—

ing Oct. 1, 191.1—the largest increase re-

corded in 35 years. Twenty—nine states

contributed to this total and every one

of these states was represented at the

meeting. In addition a state Grange has

been organized in Nebraska since Oct.

1. Nearly all of the states reported a

gain in membership during the year, the

total membership increase for the coun—

try totaling 77,289. During the past ten

ycars the net gain in paid memberships

has aggregated 305,745, an average yearly

gain of 30,574 members. Among the

states, Ohio led in the organization of new

Granges with a total of 56, followed by

\Vashington with 51, Oregon with 46,

Michigan and New York with 43 each,

and the other states with lesser numbers.



Master’s Comments and Suggestions.



Following a brief resume of the or-

ganization’s growth during the year,

Master l'lucheldcr advised caution in the

launching of co-operative enterprises. The





 





 





 





 





search for a means of reducing the ex-

cessive profits of middlemen has led to

the formation of a. large number of co-

operative associations for the purpose of

Selling crops directly to the consumer,

and many others are now in process of

organization. The favorable conditions

for the adoption of co—operative systems $118,825.83. On Oct. 1,this year they to-

havc attracted the attention of profes- taled $113,903.04, showing a decrease of

sionalpromoters, who are endeavoring to $4,922.79, due largely to the cost of

utilize the desire, of the farmcrs for 00- Grange extension work ordered at last

operation as a means to further stock- session. The total amount spent (luring

selling schemes. Caution should be ex- the past year in organization work was

ercised by the members of the Grange in $16,947.64, including the deputy fee fund.

giving their endorsement to these asso- The total receipts, with the amount on

ciations, and the character and financial hand Oct. 1 of last year, amounted to

standing of the organizers should be care- $71,583.06. Expenses for mileage and

fully looked into before joining them. per diem at the 44th session of the Na-



The Master congratulated the Grange tional Grange were $5,713.20; pension to

on the success attained in regard to elect- O. H. Kelley, $1,200; printing proceedings

ing United States senators by popular of 44th session, $1,435.15; sundry expenses

vote, and on the favorable outlook for a of 44th session, $1,793.88; general supplies

parcels post system. Postal savings and printing for the year, $3,269.29;

banks, now an actuality, were accredited Grange extension, $14,000; lecture ac-

to Grange effort. count, $1,071.59; deputy fee fund, $2,400;



Relative to Canadian reciprocity which salaries of officers, $2,600; expended by

failed in Canada, he said that the bill officers, $1,979.79; expenses of executive

should be repealed, for so long as it re- committee, $1,746.60; expenses of legisla-





J H. Martin, George L. Carlisle.





Middle row—A. P. Gray, A. J. Crosby, Thos. Mars.

Lower row—Mrs. A. St. Clair, Mrs. Mary (7.139.211 (nee Allis), Mrs. A. A. Leighton,

Mayo, Miss Jennie Buell, Mrs. J. H.





Officers and Ex Officers of Michigan State Grange in 1893.

Upper row, left to right—H. H. Dresser,





R- H Taylor, H. D Plait, J. G. Ramsdell, Perry Mayo, H. H. Hinds, W. E. Wright,





Martin.





ed, and further to appoint‘from its mem-

bership a sub-committee to develop this

most important matter under existing

business conditions.



The Grange endorsed the resolution

presented by Kentucky that until the

United States constitution is amended to

provide for election of United States sen-

ators by direct vote, the Grange favors

the adoption of the Oregon plan of ex-

pressing popular preference for senators.



The committee on publications, Oliver

Wilson, chairman, reported that the total

leceipts of the National Grange Monthly.

the ofilcial paper of the order, for the

year were $4,860.09, and the disburse-

ments $3,948.31. The publication now has

16,162 paid subscriptions. The committee

recommended that the size of the maga-

zine be increased from 16 to 20 pages;

that all papers furnished to the National





Kenyon L. Butterfield, Mrs.





meeting of the National Grange.

tions were received from that state, New

York, Idaho and California.

resulted: Washington, 32; Idaho, 13; New

York, 2; California, 6, Nebraska, 1. The

meeting will probably be held in Spo-

kane.





J. J. XVoodman, G. B. Horton,M. T. Cole, E. A. Strong.





Mary A.





steward, Geo. R. Schaefer, Wisconsin;

chaplain, C. F. Smith, Vermont (re-elect-

ed); treasurer, Mrs. E. S. McDowell,

Massachusetts (re-elected); secretary, C.

M. Freeman, Ohio (re-elected); gate-

keeper, A. B. Judson, Iowa; Ceres, Mrs.





Richard Pattce, New Hampshire; Po—

mona, Mrs. T. C. Atkeson, West Vir-

ginia; Flora, Mrs. A.'B. Judson, Iowa;





lady assistant steward, Mrs. C. F. Smith,

Vermont (re-elected); executive commit-





teeman for three years, C. O. Raine,





Missouri (re-elected).





“’ashington state secured next year’s

Invita-





The ballot





 





 





 





 





i





"“‘““ “‘"“- W‘ 3‘





1

I
E FARMERS’ owns]





 





OFFICERS OF THE STATE ASSOCIA-





TION OF FARMERS’ CLUBS.

President—B. A. Holden, VVixom.

Vice-Pres.—~J. D. Leland, Corunna.

Secretary—Mrs. C. P. Johnson, Meta-



mora.



(Treasurer—Mrs. Lewis Sackett, Eckford.

Directors—A. R. Palmer, Jackson, Wm.



H. Marks, Fair Haven; C. L. Wright,



Caro; E. W. VVoodruif, Blanchard: C. P.



Johnson, Metamora; Patrick Hankerd,



Munith.



Address all communications relative to



the organization of new Clubs to Mrs. C



P. Johnson, Metamora, Mich.





 





Asaoclatlonal Motto.—

The skillful hand, with cultured mind,

is the farmer's most valuable asset. V





 





Assoclatlonal SentimenL—3 7

The farmer, he garners from the soil

the primal wealth of nations.





 





THE ANNUAL MEETING.





 





Before this issue reaches the reader

the seventeenth annual meeting of the

Michigan State Association of Farmers’





‘Clubs will have added its work to the'





history of the organization. This prom-

ises to be a very successful meeting for

the organization and for the local Clubs

represented. A full report of the meet-

ing will be published in this department

in succeeding issues. It should be care-

fully read by every Club member in

Michigan, as it will contain much of in-

terest in the conduct of .local Clubs as

well as a full report of the deliberations

of the State Association. The Confer-

ence of Local Club Workers is an im-

portant feature of this meeting, and will

furnish many valuable suggestions to lo-

cal Club workers in the conduct of the

local Clubs in such a manner as to add

to the interest of the work and the pros—

perity of the Club. In the next issue will

appear the resolutions adopted by the

State Association ‘and succeeding issues

will giVe the gist of the papers and ad-

dresses given at the meeting.





A SUCCESSFUL CLUB FAIR SEASON.





 





 





In this issue. appears another report of

a Farmers’ Club Fair. This report shows

in a striking manner the growth of the

Club Fair idea since its inception, and

well illustrates the possibilities of this

special feature as a means of adding

variety and interest to the autumn Club

meetings. It can scarcely have failed to

escape the. notice of the readers of this

department that the reports of the Club

Fairs which have appeared in this De-

partment of The Farmer throughout the

fair season have uniformly eXpressed en-

thusiasm regarding the value and possi-

bilities of this special feature of Club

work. It is a noticeable fact that no

Club which has used the Club Fair as a

special feature has a thought of leaving

it out of their program for future work.

This should be significant to the mem-

bers of Clubs that have never availed

themselves of [the advantages to them-

selves and their local organization which

the Club Fair offers. We hope and be-

lieve that each succeeding season will see

the Club Fair made a feature of the work

of more of the local Clubs in the state

until the Club which does not hold such

a feature will be the exception, rather

than the rule. The experience of the

progressive Clubs which now have such

a feature meeting should be accepted as

to the desirability of such an event.





FARMERS’ CLUB FAIRS.





 





 





 





Looking-glass Valley Club.



The Club opened the year's work Nov.

14, with a fair and poultry show. This

combination proved to be a banner at-

traction, for over 200 attended.



The meeting was held at Woodman

Hall. in VVacousta, with a. tent for the ac-

commodation of the poultry. Twenty ex-

hibitors in this department displayed 214

birds. le. Wise, of Lansing. judged

the fowls and everyone carried off a num-

ber of red and blue ribbons.



There were departments of fruit, flow-

ers. canned goods, grain. vegetables and

fancy work, each in charge of a live com—

mittee and competent judges. Each de-

partment was arranged and decorated in

a most artistic manner with motto and

crepe paper. The fruit in red, grain in

yellow, flowers, in green, .fancy work in

pink, and so on.



The apple exhibit and fancy work cor-

ner called forth much praise and were

voted as good, if not better, than the

county fair. All departments displayed a

lavish number of'ribbons at the close.

A. great chicken-pie dinner was served

at noon and Club adjourned to meet in

December at ~the home of Fred Ainslie,

for a corn show with- corn expert from

the M: AC C.—-Bel Maler, Reporter.





 





 





 





THE Micmdxu‘ FARMER-





CLUB DISCUSSIONS.





 





Making Farm Life Attractive~.—Thurs-

day. September 7, the members of the

Burton Farmers‘ Club were cordially

welcomed by Mrs. Clara Auiler and fam-

ily. President Putnam called the meet-

ing to order and after the usual prelimi-

naries of music and devotions, conducted

by Mrs. Hammond, a very profitable pro-

gram was carried out. “How may we

make farm life more attractive?” Mrs.

Putnam and others gave many good ideas

on this subject. Each one is trying to

work out his ideals. W'ell kept and tidy

lawns with nicely painted buildings lend

to the attractiveness of the surroundings,

while music and good literature help in

the homes. Then we must have conven-

iences to help make life easier about the

house. barn and farm. The mode of con-

veyance, be it auto or a gentle horse

which is not too old, makes life more

pleasant and lastly we must have a due

regard for each other’s rights and privi-

leges.



Practical Topics.—“Does it pay to feed

lambs for five cents for the barnyard fer-

tilizer?” Mr. Putnam thinks if feed is

not too high that it can be done, and re-

ceive a fair profit, but it would be a

rather slow way to get rich. “Should not

the farmers and Farmers’ Clubs enforce

the law relative to getting rid of weeds?”

Mr. Hammond says it should be enforced,

but weeds always grow best when the

farmer is the busiest. Mrs. Auiler thinks

if the farmer is taxed for the cutting of

the weeds, the same as in the city, he

would see that they are cut next season.

G. C. Potter says if the weeds are' out

every ’season there wouldn’t be so many

to cut. After music, “Good Ngiht Lad—

ies," and the announcement of the pro-

gram for the next meeting, the Club ad-

journed to meet the first Thursday in

October with Mr. and Mrs. Claud Spiess.



The Highway Law—The Conway and

Handy Farmers’ Club met with Mr. and

Mrs. M. Willkinson, Nov. 24. An attend-

ance of 100'people, a fine dinner and lively

discussions were the order of the day.

Topic, “Does the present road law and

road building favor the auto owner more

than the farmer?” This subject was dis-

cussed by several gentlemen and opinion

was quite evenly divided. But that the

law is not right, the average roads not

so good, and the money not used to the

best advantage, was the general opinion.



The World’s Progress.—“Has the world

grown better and wiser in the past fifty

years?" was taken up by J. B. Rambo.

He showed the great improvements in

the banking system and various ways of

handling money, changes in transporta-

tion. manufacturing, improvements in

machiery, telephones and telegraph sys-

tems, etc. Rev. Stephens talked upon the

religious work, spoke of crimes, foreign

element, the educated and uneducated,

he said all writers claimed the world

was better, but it was oftentimes difficult

to know just how. The temptations are

greater for our boys and girls; the moral

side of life a problem, etc. Mr. H.

Aldrich favored the Club with a vocal

solo, and responded to an encore. His

music is greatly enjoyed by all that hear

him. Adjourned after electing Mr. and

Mrs. F. Rathbun to our state convention.

—-Mrs. S. Holmes, Cor. Sec.



Boys' and Girls’ Contest—The Charles-

ton Farmers‘ Club was very pleasant‘y

entertained in November by Mr. and Mrs.

George Perry. The members were asked

to guess on the weight of a "large squash

presented by Mr. Hawley, after which it

was weighed and tipped the scales at 29

pounds. Mr. Hawley then divided it

among the members. In the corn contest

which was open to boys and girls under

20 years of age, the first prize was award-

ed to Sidney Smith, second to Clifford

Palmiter, and third to the little Murry

boy of Woods Lake. Sidney Herits was

also given the prize for the best ear of

corn. A fine picnic dinner was served at

10 o'clock, followed by the business meet-

ing and a fine literary program was en-

joyed. The next meeting will be with

Mr. and Mrs. Moore on Dec. 9. Prizes

will be given. on corn cake make by girls

under 21. -



Clover Leaf Club is again active after

a long vacation. Met at the home of Mr.

and Mrs. O. S. Howe in Otober. A com-

pany of 30 enjoyed a social time and a

short program, with discussions on the

proper way to feed calves, also on sow~

ing aflalfa and results obtained this year.

Mrs. Howe served popcorn, and all spent

a happy time getting acquainted with our

new neighbors. .



Two Meetings Each Month.—October 25

met with Mr. and Mrs. Camfield. After

the order of business and short program

the ladies served a chicken-pie supper

which all seemed to enjoy. We voted to

hold our meetings hereafter the second

and fourth Tuesdays of each month. We

look in six new members. We are grow-

ing in number and in knowledge also.

Have new about 30 members. As our

president had been absent nearly every

meeting he asked that We appoint another

to fill his chair and Guy Howe was ap-

pointed to fill it. A social time was en—

joyed and meeting was adjourned,



A Temperance Program.~—-November 14

a few met at the home of Mr. Hallocks.

The night being very cold kept most of

them at their own fireside. Vire had the

order of business. also short temperance

Program. We enjoyed some fine instru-

mental music by Mr. and Mrs. Hallock.

51150 the graDhODhone. At a late hour We

adjourned, felling well repaid for our cold

drive.———Cor. Sec.



Discuss Season's Results.—The Novem-

ber meeting of the Indianfields Farmers’

Club, held at the hospitable home of Mr,

and Mrs.» J. Fournier, was well attended.

The program was a little out of the ordi-

nary, as it was really a report of the

crops from the members in different lo-

calities. Although Tuscola county suf-

fered from a drought, it is far from be-

ing a failure when the report shows that

cats went 39 high as 52 bushels per acre,





wheat from 20 to 35 bushels, com, 50 to

75'bushels, barley, 35 to 45 bushels. Po—

tatoes being the lightest crop in years

went only from 75 to 100 bushels per acre.

Hay yielded frbm one to one and a half

tons; beets, 10 to 17 tons, and some a

little better. Beans were a hard crop

to manage on account of the rains. Those

who had them stored before the rains

did splendid. Some report as high as 23

bushels per acre, with a very small pick-

lng. Owing to the good price paid it was

a paying cr0p in the end. Apples were a

very small crop; peaches were an average

crop. One reported that a young orchard

of peach tree four years old averaged one

and one-half bushels to the tree. Pears

are an average crop, while cherries and

other small fruit are short. The dinner

served showed that our Club had an

abundance to eat, and the members had

their usual good appetites.——Mrs. J. M.

Miller, Cor. Sec



Elect Delegates—The Genoa Farmers'

Club met at the pleasant home of Mr.

and Mrs. George Haller, Saturday, Nov.

18. The day being cold and stormy only

about 35 were present, but everyone

seemed to do his part, not only at the

dinner table but towards making the pro-

gram 3. very interesting one. After the

usual opening exercises, the president

gave a few remarks. A paper by Mrs. T.

S. S. Curdy was interesting, also a talk

by L. R. Richards .on the benefits of the

state association. The question of saving

seed corn brought forth a lively talk from

the men, each had his own way of sav-

ing it and each the best. The question

box was full of good material. Mr. and

Mrs. H. J. Lawson were appointed del-

egates to the state association. Meeting

adjourned to meet with Mr. and Mrs. T.

S. S. Curdy the second Saturday in Dec-

ember.



wOmen’s Day was celebrated by the

Ingham County Club at its November

meeting at Variety Grove with Mr. and

Mrs. J. XV. Chapin, of Eden. The weather

was warm and 100 strong were made wel-

come and all felt it good to be there.

After the usual chicken-pie dinner, ably

served by the men of the committee,

vice—president, Mrs. Horton, called the

meeting to order, and with Mrs. Ellett at

the piano all joined in singing ”A Song

for Women’s Day.” Mrs. Horton briefly

reviewed the meetings previously held,

giving a synopsis of the program each

year and in reviewing the topics present-

ed and the places of meeting, many pleas-

ant and profitable hours were recalled,

and like the other Club meetings do

much to give variety to the farmer’s fam-

ily. The greeting by Mrs. Ives was ably

presented and full of good thoughts and

history. American citizens—American

womanhood salute you. She fully be—

lieved in the doctrine of trinity, and

Spoke of the trinity of light, of the world,

of nature, and home trinity 0f father,

mother. and child. In 1873 one of the first

poems she ever wrote was read to the

members of this Club at the Fuller farm,

entitled, “Our Homes.” and after speak-

ing of the greatest thing in the world she

closed with a poem, “Love On Another ”



Pictures in the Home.——llfrs. O. H.

Freeland gave a fine paper, “Pictures in

the Home," fully illustrated. She spoke

ofthe average American woman presid—

ing over the average home and giving

much attention to harmony in the fur-

nishing of same but‘too often neglecting

the pictures. If a vacant space on the

wall needed a picture one would often

be selected merely by chance. She had

large mounted pictures from the state

library showing the different kinds, and

spoke especially of the educational value

where there were children. She recom—

mended copies from paintings from the

famous artists and had these to illustrate

architecture, “The Madonna,” “Feeding

the. Birds.” “Cleaners,” “Humble‘Tasks

Cheerfully performed," and others. She

wondered how many knew of the value of

the slate library that was simply ours for

the asking and one could learn so much

there by spending a little time.



“Literature in the Home," by Miss Gil—

Christ, dean of the woman’s department,



. A. C., was full of interest. She de-

scribed literulure as expression of life.

and expression of truth, and in speaking

of children’s books said a book which a

child really likes, a grown-up person will

like. Abraham Lincoln‘s library consist—

ed of four books—~the Bible, Aesop’s

Fables, History of the United States and

Life of Vi'ashingion. and these included

history. biography and story. She regret-

ted the Bible. had been taken from many

of our schools and lhought it the best of

books. No library was complete without

the works of Shakespeare and some poe-

try. One ouglil to be familiar with some

of the writings of Scott, Tennyson, Long—

fellow, Whittier and others, and spoke

of "Cotter’s Saturday Night” having a

great influence. Of stories there were too

many, but a few good ones were all right,

and the short story was often a rest, hilt

do not allow our girls to spend too much

time reading stories. They might bettcr

do some manual tasks. Avoid dialect and

Slang. She spoke of the magazines and

the art of skimming and to keep up the

habit of reading aloud and memorizing

favorite sayings. The one who never

reads is just as good as the, one who

reads and does not digest. \‘Vhatever is

worth doing at all is worth doing well.

The next meeting will he held the second

Saturday of December, at which time

occurs the election of officers and making

of plans for the coming year.



Discuss the Telephone Problem.——The

Maple River Farmers’ Club held one

of their pleasant and profitable sessions

with Mr. and Mrs. P. B. Reynolds. A

large number of visitors were present

to enjoy the excellent program. The

“Telephone Problem” was the first topic

on the afternoon program and was spok-

en on by R. T. Cook, president of the

Shiawassce County Co—operative associa-

tion. Mr. Cook said that he had not

abandoned all hope that there Would be

brought about some solution to the tele-

phone problem which stirred up country-

wide interest last winter. Mr. Cook stat-

ed that as soon as farm work laXed a





(Zn 521

committee would go before the railroad

commission. and endeaver to secure re-

dress for the recent increase in telephone

rates. The project of establishing a

farmers’ telephone line is still under con—

sideration. There is prevalent a feeling

among the farmers that the $15 rate is

beyond the. value of the service, in view

of the fact that the toll system is in

operation in the county.



A Farmers’ Trust.—-—“Shall the Farmers

Form a Trust?” was spoken on in an in-

teresting and instructive manner by E.

' Cook. “A trust,” said Mr. Cook, "is

the sole power to deal exclusively in the.

market in any kinds of goods.” Mr. Cook

does not believe that it is in the higher

interest of the public to have companies

possessed of the sole power to deal ex-

clusively in the market, as it destroys

competition and crowds out smaller in-

dustries. The farmers, however, can

work together advantageously in selling

and purchasing, without injuring com-

mercial development. The farmer must

keep apace with the times and to this

end must organize.



“Short Cuts in Housekeeping" was

presented in a highly entertaining and

educational manner by Mrs. Myra Rich-

ardson. The kitchen should receive first

consideration as the housewife spends

much of her life in this part of the home.

Conveniences that eliminate steps and

centralize work should be employed.

Having a place for things and putting

them in their place is a vitalnmatter in

reducing work in housekeeping. Many

new inventions are inexpensive and great

labor saving devices and should be found

in every country home. Preparing meals

ahead oftentimes assists in economy of

work. Mrs. Richardson's talk was full

of helpful suggestions and brought out

much discussion.





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tion above.

Daily. (6 a Week.) 3 5 I S



Journal, Detroit Mich., on rural route ‘1 50 3 50 2 55



. ' “ oll’ “ ‘ 5 00 5 25 4 '75



Times, Detroit ............................. 2 (I) 2 66 1 75



Herald. (i rand Rapids ..................... ‘2. 50 3 (I) 2 50



Press, Grand Rapids.... .. 2 (X) 2 50 ‘7 00



News, Grand Rapids, BIIich ................ 2 0.) 2 25 T50

Courier-Herald, Saginaw. Mich., (inc,



Sunday) on R. It ............ 2 50 2 50 1 60

News, Cleveland. Ohio.. . 2 (DZ 75 l 95

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Blade. Toledo ............... . 2 50 2 % 1 '75

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World. New York, (3 a week)............. 1 00 1 65 '15

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Journal. Detroit, Mich...... LOO 1 60 '10

Weekly Newspapers and Current Comment

Blade. Toledo. Ohio...

mmonerk Wm. J. Bryan, Editor, 1 m l % %

lncoln. Nob 00150 60

Inter Ocean. Chicago (w) ................. l 00 1 25 35

Cattle. Sheep. Swine. Poultry, etc.

American Poultry Journal. Chi - ,

American PoultrygAdvocate, sylggug.) 501 % 35

. Y. (m) 501 z. 35

American Sheep Breeder, Chicago (m).. 1 00 1 80 9)

American Swmeherd, Chicago. (in) ..... 50 1 25 35

Breeders‘ Gazette, Chicago, (w) ...... .. 1 90 1 00

Ifarm Poultry Boston. Mass. (sun)... .. 50 1 25 35

(ileflnlngs in Bee Culture, Medina. O. '



s-m .....................................



Hourd's Dairymcn. Fort Atkinson, Wis. l gl 22 gig

tIIloi-soinfinilCtliic-a oatm)” 2 00 2 50 1 $8

ersey u e in. n iann oli . I . ' '



Kimball's Dairy Farmer.pWaaterlI(l)%. (1:) 1 00 1 ll)



(s-w) ..................................... 40 1 25 35

Poultry Keeper. Quincy. Ill. (m) ..... .. 50 1 $ 35

Poultry Success, Springfield, 0. (m). .. 50 1 5 35

Reliable Poultry J0urnal.inncy,Ill.(m) 50 1 5 36

Swme Breeders' Journal, Indianapolis



Ind. (s-m).... 501 25 35



Popular Magazines.

American Magazine, ( ) .........

Etude, Philadelphia. Plat: (m) ..... . 3% % lg

Hampton’s Magazine. N. Y. (m). . . 9 (X) 1 10

Metropolitan Magazine, N. Y. (in). . l 50E (1) 1 10

Mechanical Digest, Grand. Rapids (m).. 50 1 15 ‘25

McClures, Magazine, N. Y. (m) .......... 1 50 9 m 1 10

Musician, eaten. Mass. (in) ............. 1 50§ 00 1 10

Outing Magazine, N. Y. m) .............. 3 00 'l 9" 200

gople's' Hfime qurnfil. . Y. (m)..... .. 50133 35

arson s agazlne. ew York (n1) ...... 1 50 2 b0 1

Red Book Magazine, Chi ' 10

Success. N. Y. (m)..... 0880111011) Elf i321 %

Ladies“ or Household.

Designer, N. Y. (111).... ...

Harper’s Bazar N. Y. (m) ....... ‘. ..... 1 72g} 50 80

Housewife, N. Y. (m) ................... 1 85 9')

McCall’s Magazine, N. Y (m)......: :::: 1 $ 40

Mothers Mag. El in. Ill. (m)..... 1 35 2g

_odern Priscilla, oston, Mass (in) 1

Pictorial Review N. Y. (in) ........... I 00 1 g9 32

oman is Home Companion, N. Y.. . 5O 2 06 1 10

Religious and Juvenile.

American Boy Detroit Mi- "‘

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Young People 8 Weekly, Elgin, 1]]. (w). 751 40 50





 





 





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WWW

DETROIT WHOLESALE MARKETS.





December 6, 1911.

Grains and Seeds. '



Wheat—Wheat prices have fluctuated

during the week in both cash sales and

future contracts, the lowest price being

on Tuesday when the bears forced the

price down because of the continued

heavy receipts from the northwest. Farm-

ers in the spring wheat section appear to

be delivering their grain freely and either

the estimates have been too small or

there exists a feeling among the growers

that they had better dispose of prac-

tically all of their stores, hence the con-

tinued heavy receipts at cehtral points.

Latest news from the wheat belt indi-

cates, hOWever, that primary elevators

are beginning to see a decline in the loads

arriving. Conflicting news of conditions

in Argentine keep the traders uncertain

about the support that country will give

to the world's wheat trade. Liverpool

has been toierably steady, which indi-

cates her confidence that Argentine will

be able to make up any shortage that

might exist. A year ago No. 2 red wheat

was selling at 961/2C per bu. The visible

supply shows an increase of slightly over

one million bushels. Quotations for the





week are:



No. 2 No. 1



Red. White. Dec. May.

Thursday ..... 95% .929; .9634 $10134

Friday ........ 961/, .9314 .9714 1.02%,

Saturday ..... 9714 .95 .9814 1.03

Monday ...... .969); .941/3 .9794 1.02%





Tuesday ......95%.. .93 .9634 1.01

Wednesday ...94% .9255 .9564 1.001/2

Corn.—Corn values have been on tho

decline the past two weeks, the increased

receipts of new corn being largely re-

sponsible. However, the slump in wheat

has had its effect. \Veather conditions

have improved, allowing husking to pro-

ceed, which gives a more hopeful outlook

to traders in this grain. The demand from

eastern consumers and distributors has

declined, which is due, no doubt, to mar—

keting by local growers throughout the

country. One year ago No. 2 corn was

quoted at 540 per bu. The visible sup—

ply shows an increase of about one-half

million bushels. Quotations are as fol-





lows:

No. 3 No 3

Corn. Yellow

Thursday . . . . . . . . ......... 65 65

Friday ....... . ........... 65 64

Saturday . . . . . ............ 65 641/2

Monday . . . . . . . . ........... 64% 64

Tuesday ................. 621/; 62

\Vednesday .............. 611/3 62%





Oats—Prices have remained steady at

the closing figures a week ago. There is

very little business being transacted on

the local market. The decline. in wheat

and corn, however, made the outlook less

promising to holders of this grain. The

price one year ago was 36c for standard

oats. The Visible supply shows a slight

decrease. Quotations for the week are

as follows:



Standard. No.3





White.

Thursday ................ 501A; 50

Friday . . . ................. 50% 50

Saturday ................. 50% 50

Monday ................... 50% 50

Tuesday .................. 50% 50

Wednesday ............... 501/2 50





Beans.—There is practically no trading

in this department. Nominal quotations

are slightly below those given a week

ago, there being no change, however, dur—

ing the week. Reports to this office tes-

tify that many fields of grain will not be

threshed at all, the crop still being on the

ground. Following are the quotations:





Cash. Jan.

Thursday ................... $2.23 $2.25

Friday ..................... 2.23 2.25

Saturday ................... 2.23 2.25

Monday .................... 2.23 2.25

Tuesday .................... 2.23 2.25

Wednesday ................. 2.20 2.25





Clover Seed.—There is some trading in

'thc clover seed market. Prices rule

about the same as a week ago with the

exception of a. 5c decline in March seed

on Monday. Alsikc is steady. Quotations

are as follows:





Prime Spot. March. Alsike.

Thursday ....... $12.50 $12.60 $10.50

Friday ........... 12.50 12.60 10.50

Saturday ........ 12.50 12.60 10.50

Monday .......... 12.50 12.55 10.50

Tuesday ......... 12.50 12.55 10.50

\Vednesday ...... 12. 50 12.55 10.50





Timothy Seed.—No transactions are

reported and the nominal price remains

at $7.20.



Rye—Rye has suffered a decline of 2c

in harmony with wheat, the present quo—

tations for cash No. 2 being 940 per bu.





Flour, Feed, Potatoes, Etc.



Flour.—There is an active demand for

flour, with prices unchanged, except a

100 advance for ordinary patent:

Straight .............................. 4.10

Patent Michigan .................... 4.15

Ordinary Patent .................... 4.50



Feed. —All grades steady with last wee

Carlot prices on track are: Bran, $27 per

ton; coarse middlings, $29; fine middlings

$32; cracked corn, $30; coarse corn meal,

$30; corn and oat chop, $28 per ton.



Hay and Straw.—Both hay and straw

steady with last week, with supplies

light. Quotations are: No.1 timothy,

$206021: No. 2 timothy, $196320; clover.

mixed, 3518.506020; rye straw, $9.50@10:

wheat and oat straw, $9 per ton.

‘Potatoes.—-This market . occupies a

strong position with conditions sustaining

prices of last week. Offerings are limited.

Car lots on track are quoted at 85@900

per bushel in bulk.



'Provlslons.——Family pork, $186021; mess

pork, $17; medium clear, $17@18.50;





 





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





hams, 1436c; bacon, 13@14%c; pure

lard in tierces, 9%0; kettle rendered lard,

10%0 per lb.



Dairy and Poultry Products.



Button—The local market continued the

upward movement by making another lc

advance this week in creamery offerings,

dairy and packing stock remaining steady.

This advance is in harmony with the

trend of prices elsewhere. Quotations

are: Extra creamery, 36c; first cream-

ery, 35c; dairy, 21c; packing stock, 200

per .

Eggs.——The demand and restricted sup-

ply has forced egg values 20 higher than

they were a week ago. Fresh receipts,

case count, cases included, are quoted at

320 per dozen.



Poultry.——Values here have changed

during the week because of the effect of

the holiday trade. Live chickens have

advanced while dressed are little lower.

Turkeys have also declined. Other kinds

remain about steady. Quotations are as

follows: Live—Turkeys, 16@17c; geese,

11617120; ducks, 14c; young ducks, 15c;

spring chickens, 10@101/2C; No. 2 chick—

ens, 80 per lb; hens, 8%@9c. Dressed——

Chickens, 10@11c; hens, 8@9c; ducks, 16

61‘17c; geese, 12@13c; turkeys, 16@17c.



Cheese.-—-Michigan old, 151/§@17c; Mich-

igan, late, 151/2@17c; York state, new,

16@17c; Swiss, domestic block, 17@20c;

cream brick, 15@16c; limburger, 14@15c.



Veal.——Market steady. Fancy, 10@llc:

choice, §@9c per lb.



Dressed Hogs—Light, $7.75; medium,

$7.50; heavy, $7 per cwt. '



Fruits and Vegetables.





Cabbage.—Higher. Selling at' $1.75@2

per bbl. for home-grown. '



Onions.—-Steady at 95c@1 per bu.



Apples.—Baldwins and Greenings $2.75

@3; Spy, $3@3.50; Ben Davis, $2@2.50;

Snows, $3.506“ per bbl.





.__





OTHER MARKETS.





Chicago.





“heat—No. 2 red, 95%@97c; May,

98%0; July, 93%c per bu.



Corn—No. 3, 5914@60140; May, 62750;

July, 62%c per bu.



Oats. No. 2 white, 491/2c; May, 49%0;

July. 457.1:C per bu.



Barley—Making grades, 94c@$1.23 per

bu; feeding, 7060800..



Butter.——Creameries show a general ad-

vance of 2c while best dairy stock has

made a 30 gain. Offerings continue light

but the extreme prices are having a ten-

dency to slow up the demand. Cream-

tries, 286:36c;_ dairies, 256D33c.



lrlggsr-A change in the system of grad-

ing in this market would seem to indi-

cate uncertain and unsatisfactory con-

dition in the receipts. Trade is quiet with

recently advanced figures ruling. Quo-

tations are: Firsts, grading 45 per cent

fresh, 286L300; ordinary firsts, 25@27c;

at mark, cases included, 2269280 per dog.



Potatoes—Receipts at this week‘s op-

ening showed a material falling off, giv-

ing the market a steady undertone and

advancing Michigan and Minnesota stock

10. Michigan stock is now quoted at 84@

86c per bu; Wisconsin, 80@85c; Minne-

sota, 846tr86c.



Beans—Prices have suffered another

decline all along the line with business

quiet. Choice hand-picked pea beans

quoted at $2.35 per bu; prime, $2.28; red

kidneys, $3.15 per bu.



Hay and Straw—Hay steady to firm

at former values. All kinds of straw

higher, rye straw making gain of $1. Quo-

tations: Choice timothy, $22.50@23.50 per

ton; do., No. 1 $216122; do., No. 2 and

No. 1 mixed, $19.506DZO; do., No. 3 and

No. 2 mixed, $14.50@18.50; clover, $15@

17; do., No. 2 and no grade, $8@13; rye

straw, $10.50@11.50; oat straw, $9@10

per ton; wheat straw, $8@9 per ton.



Apples—There is a good demand for

this fruit. Fancy goods sell best. The

offerings are selling from $2 to $4.25 per

bbl. according to kind and quality.



v—v———

New York.



Butter.—~All grades have advanced ‘2@

2.1/20. Market is firm. Creamery specxals

are quoted at 390 per lb; extras, 38c;

firsts, 3561.361/20; seconds, 32@34c; thirds,

2861;30c 'per"l'b.



Eggs—Market is firm under a general

advance of 2c. Fresh gathered extras,

436045c: extra firsts, 40c; seconds, 3261)

350; western gathered whites, 35@45c per

dozen.



Poultry.—Live.—~Market firm; chickens

have made a good advance but turkeys

are. lower. Western chickens, 11611130;

fowls, 111/26ir131/2c; turkeys, 1463160.

Dressed—Dull, with turkeys materially

lower. Turkeys, 106D22c; fowls, 5@160;

western chickens, 5@16c per lb.



Boston.



“’ool.——-\’\'hile no material change in the

demand for territory wool exists, there is

a firmer trade for fleeces owing to the

scarcity of this kind and the anxiety of

the manufacturers to lay in their supply.

Prices appear to be firmer with the seller

having the advantage in trading. At the

London wool sales offerings of superior

quality were quickly sold ’at firm prices

under spirited competition. Following

are the leading domestic quotations on

the local market: Ohio and Pennsylvania

iie(:ces—\—Delaiiie washed, 306D31c; XX,

28c; fine nmerchantable, 22611230; 1/2-blood

Comblng, 26c; iiii—blood combing, 256025140;

1,4—bloodcombing, 25c; delaine unwashed,

25c; fine unwashed, 21c. Michigan, Wis-

consin and New York fleeces—Fine un-

washed, 20c; delaine unwashed, 23c; 1/2-

blood unwashed, 241/2c. Kentucky, Indi—

ana and Missouri—-%-blood, 24c; 1A-blood

24c.





 





 





 





 





 





Elgln.



Butter—Market firm at 36c per 1b.,

which is an advance of lo over last

week's quotation. Output for the week,

626,400 lbs., as compared with 641,800 lbs.

for the previous week.





THE LIVE STOCK MARKETS.

Buffalo. -



_ December 4, 1911.

(Special Report of Dunning &. Stevens,

New York Central Stock Yards,

East Buffalo, N. Y.)



Receipts of stock here today as follows:

Cattle, 202 cars; hogs, 140'd0uble decks;

sheep and lambs, 100 double decks; calves

800 head.



With 202 cars of cattle on our market

here today and 28,000 reported in Chi-

cago, our market on all fat grades is

from 15611250 per cwt. higher than last

Monday, and at the close everything is

well cleaned up; market closing steady,

with prospects fair at present prices.



We Quote: Best 1,400 to 1,600-lb. steers

$7.65@8; good prime 1,300 to 1,400—lb. do.

$7.40@7.75; do. 1,200 to 1,300-lb. do., $6.75

@7; best 1,100 to 1,200-lb. shipping steers

$5.75@6.25; medium butcher steers, 1,000

to 1,100, $5625.50; light butcher steers,

$4.50@5; best fat cows, $4.50@5.25; fair to

good do., $3.50@4.25; common to medium

do., $2.75@3.25; trimmers, $2.25@2.75; best

fat heifers, $5.25@5.75; good fat heifers,

$450605; fair to good do., $3.75@4.25; stock

heifers, $275603; best feeding steers, 'de-

horned. $4.75@5; common do., $3.50@4;

stockers, all grades, $3.25‘l3.50; prime

export bulls, $5605.25; best butcher bulls,

$4.25@4.75; bologna bulls, $3.25@4; stock

bulls, $36M; best milkers and springers,

$506060; common to good do., $256935.



The general hog market was about a

nickle lower today than the close of last

week. Best quality mixed and medium

weights selling at $6.45@6.50; few bunches

fancy heauy weights at $6.55@6.60. Best

quality and weight yorkers generally at.

$6.35@6.40. Light yorkers around $59061)

to 6; pigs from $5.75@5.85; good kind of

rough sows, $5.70@5.75. Few decks late

arrivals going over unsold; market clos-

ing easy. We do not look for much

change in prices in the near future.



The sheep and lamb market was active

today; most of the choice lambs selling at

'$6.60@6.65. iMarket closed dull; tops,

61/gc. Look for shade lower prices the

balance of the week, unless the runs con-

tinue light. The sheep market was rath-

er slow; most of the best ewes selling

from $3.25tq)3.50; few handy weights a

shade more; wethers, $3.75@4. Prospects

about steady on sheep, as they are a lit.-

tlc low in proportion to lambs.



We quote: Best lambs, $6.60@6.65; cull

to common do., $5@5.50; wethers, $3756!)

4; bucks, $2.25@3; yearlings, $4.25@5;

handy ewes, $3.50@3.75; heavy ewes, $3.25

603.35; cull sheep, $1.75@2.50; veals, choice

to extra, $9.25@9.50; fair to good do.,

$7.50@9; heavy calves, $350605



Chicago.

December 4, 1911.

Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.

Received today ...... 27,000 45,000 40,000

Same day last year..33,863 29,655 34,435

teceived last week..51,970 137,646 89,454

Same week last year.72,659 148,381 143,562



Fat stock show opened Saturday, and

this bright Monday there are hosts of

visitors from all directions, busy inspect-

ing the stock. Some fat yearlings and

long-fed steers on the show order sold

this morning at $9.25, and some fine

steers brought $9.15. At this time there

are numerous offerings intended for the

International, but not fancy enough to be

admitted, and these are sold satisfactor-

ily. The general cattle market is fairly

active at steady prices, with fat butcher

cows and heifers higher, while steers

poorly fattened sell slowly at weak to

slightly lower figures.



Hogs are active today at about steady

prices, with one sale of fancy heavy

swine reported at $6.55. Light hogs are

bringing $5.506p6.30. The hogs received

last week averaged 211 lbs., compared

with, 203 lbs. a few weeks ago, 232 lbs.

a year ago and 218 lbs. two years ago.



Sheep are fairly active today at prices

largely 106015c lower than the best time

last week, with choice lambs going at

$6. Heavy yearlings sell up to $5, and

light yearlings are worth as much as

$5.40. Choice wethers are salable at $4

and choice ewes at $3.35.



Cattle were not in especially large de-

mand last week, Thanksgiving time be-

ing,r unfavorable for the beef trade ev-

erywhere in this country, as poultry

temporarily is eaten in place of other

meats. Once more the great irregularity

in the supplies resulted in bringing about

large fluctuations in prices, for the Mon-

day receipts, 29,384 head, were exces-

sive, causing a sharp decline before the

close of the day, while the \Vednesday's

run proved so unusually small that sellers

'got much higher prices, Monday’s decline

being recovered, with some additional

advances in numerous cases, the demand

being mostly from eastern shippers. The

greater part of the steers sold during

the week brought $5.606D7.90, the common

to fair light-weight steers going at $4.50

605.75, and choice to fancy heavy steers

fetching $8609.20. Cattle that passed as

good sold between $7607.75, while a me-

dium class brought $6 and over. Good

to prime yearlings went at $7.10@8.85,

and lots of warmed-up steers went at

$6.25@6.65, with stalk—fed light cattle

bringing down to $5.50 and lower, al—

though not much of a killing kind sold

under $5.50. Butchering cows and heif-

ers had an outlet at $3.40@6.25, a few





sales being at higher figures, and a sale'





took place of 24 prime 984-lb. heifers at

$7. Cu'mrs i-lflid at $280,603.35, canners at

$7561.27?“ bulls at $3635.50 and calves at

$36t8.2:7. The stockers and feeder trade

was slowar than usual, with numerous

sales as much as 1569250 lower, stockers

selling at $3604.90, and- feeders at $4.40@

5.75. A good class of 850 to 950-lb. feed-

ers brought 154.90612525, and attractive

stock steers sold at $375624, such as

would have sold a. week earlier 25c high-

er. Many country buyers Were staying

at home, waiting for the feeder cattle ex-





DEC. 9, 1911.





hibits at the International Live Stock

Exposition. Milch cows sold fairly at $30

@75 each.



Hogs had as good a sale as could be

expected in Thanksgiving week,‘ with

no live stock market Thursday. prices

displaying more weaknezll: than usual,

with much the bigest run on Monday.

Otherwise the general features of the

market changed very little, there.b‘eing

the acustomed scarcity of well—matured

heavy lard hogs and far too many light

hogs and little pigs. It is pleasing to

hear that colder weather is causing an

abatement of hog cholera in various sec-

tions, but it is not so encouraging to see

so many light hogs sent to market simplv

because of the high price of corn. The

choice consignments of heavy swine sold

at a big premium, as usual, with choice

light bacon hogs at a large discount and

little pigs much the lowest of all. As the

great sacrifice of pigs and young hogs

cannot fail to cut severely into the fu-

ture supply of hogs, the prospect is ex-

ceedingly good that prime barrows will

continue to sell high enough to make

substantial returns to owners even if re-

cent prices are lowered considerably, and

fat cattle, too, promise to sell high. The

greatly curtailed supplies for the week

told on prices after the first few days.

and closing prices were nearly as high

as a week ago, late sales being at $550617

6.50, pigs going at $465606, with masters

at $5.50 and over and stags at $6.50 to

6.75. Prime heavy hogs sold as much as

30c above prime light bacon lots.



Sheep and lambs were held back last

week by so many owners, especially af-

ter Monday, that thOSe who had consign-

ments on the market were able to sell by

\Vednesday at sharp advances. The lim-

ited offerings of prime lambs naturally

made the most advance, with not enough

to go around, although prime sheep and

yearlings also sold decidedly higher. The

closing of the range shipping season is

extremely favorable for sheepmen in

feeding districts throughout,the country,

and if they exercise proper care in fat-

tening their holdings and in marketing

them at opportune times, they will doubt-

less make substantial profits, as ,far

smaller numbers are being fattened than

last winter. This'week the International

(xposition held here will be an important

feature, as the fine exhibits of. all the

breeds of sheep cannot fail to deeply in-

terest progressive sheep breeders every-

where. Late in the week the bulk of the

fat lambs sold 50617750 higher than a week

earlier and sheep 256D50c higher. Lambs

went at $3.75@6.25; yearlings at $4.50@

5.50: wethers ~at $3.25@4’.10; ewes at $1.75

(63.50 and bucks at $225633. Thin stock

sold badly.



Horses were extremely dull last week,

with prices largely nominal for the bet-

ter class, especially for such heavy

drafters as sell around $250@300 per head.

Such horses as have arrived recently sold

mainly at $15062)200, with a very ordinary

kind salable at $65@125 and country ship-

pers making no money on such lots in a

number of cases. After New Year‘s bet-

ter times are expected. There will be no

horse market until the close of the stock

show. F.



LIVE STOCK NOTES.



A short time ago, F. M. Heinrich, of

Montana, broke all records for range cat-

tle by selling on the Chicago market 20

head of prime range-bred and grass-fed

steers that averaged 1,525 lbs. for $7.90

per 100 lbs., being 30 cents higher than

the previous high record. The remainder

of-his big consignment sold for $6.15 to

$7.50 for steers and for $4.40 {0 $5.65 for

cows and heifers. This important tran-

saction demonstrates again that range

cattlemen are in the habit of paying more

attention to grading up their herds than

the majority of corn belt farmer stock-

men. The country is shooting ahead in

population at an enormous pace, largely

through immigration, and now that the

ranges are disappearing, the wide awake

farmers cannot fail to see plainly that it

is up to them to go into breeding and

raising high~grade beef' cattle to meet

the future great demand for beef. Profit-

able herds of cattle and flocks of sheep

are going to be great moneymakers be-

fore many years roll by, and farmers

should buy good beef cows and some

pure-bred stock, at the same time in-

vesting in silos.



Many farmers in the corn belt states

have decided to feed no cattle this winter,

and this is particularly the case with

farmers where hog cholera has de-

stroyed their young hogs, the average

farmer being opposed to feeding cattle

where he has no hogs to follow them.

Such farmers as a general rule have

plenty of corn, and as colder weather has

assisted in the work of husklng and crib—

bing the new crop, supplies available for

marketing are becoming. much larger.

Since harvest corn has sold remarkably

high, and with sales recently as much as

20 cents per bushel higher in the Chi-

cago market than a year ago, lots of

farmers claim that marketing corn Will

pay out better than feeding it on the

farm. No. 2 cash corn has sold within a

short time close to 65 cents, but has de-

clined since, the country shipments hav-

ing increased materially.



A. W. Bragg, of Illinois, recently mar-

keted in the Chicago stock yards two

car loads of fancy Angus cattle that top-

ped the market at $9.10 per 100 lbs. He

said: “These cattle were on feed from

ten to eleven months, and my main feed

was corn and cob meal ground fine dur-

ing that period. In most former years I

have made use of about 21,4. pounds of

cottonseed meal per head in the finishing

process period, but this year I used a1-





falfa meal instead, and I believe I got a .





good finish, as the 20 loads of my cattle

marketed up to today showed me an av-

erage price of $9.13 per 100 lbs., and

today's sale of the last out will reduce

that only a little."
.1 . .11

.7





 





UL,





 





DEC. 9. 1911.





THIS IS THE FIRST EDITION.

In the first edition .the‘ Detroit Live





stock markets are reports of last week;





all other markets are right up to date.

Thursday’s Detroit Live Stock markets

are given in the last edition. The first

editiOn is mailed Thursday. the last edi-

tion Friday morning. The first edition is

mailed to those who care more to get the

paper early than they do for Thursday's

Detroit Live Stock market report. You

may have any edition desired. Subscrib-

ers may change from one edition to an-

other by dropping us a card to that effect.





 





DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKET‘.





Thursday’s Market.

December 7, 1911.

Cattle.

Market steady at last





 





Receipts, 1,242.

week's prices.



We quote: Best’steers and heifers, $6

@675; steers and heifers, 1,000 to 1,200,

$5.25@5.75; do., 800 to 1,000, $4.25@5; do.

that are fat, 500 to 700, $3.50@4; choice

rat cows, $4@4.50; good fat cows, $3.50@

3.75; common cows, ‘$2.75@3.25; canners,

$1.50@2.75; choice heavy bulls, $4@4.25;

fair to good bolognas, bulls, $3.50@3.75;

stock bulls, $2.50@3.25; choice feeding

steers, 800 to 1,000, $4.50@5; fair do.,

800 to 1,000, $3.75@4.25; choice stockers,

500 to 700, $3.50@4; fair stockers, 500 to

700, $3@3.50; stock heifers, $2.50@3.25;

milkers, large, young, medium age, $40@

55; common milkers, $25@35.



Roe Com. Co. sold Kamman 14 steers

av 630 at $3.75; to Bresnahan 9 cows av

942 at $2.75; to Schumacher 6 butchers

av 706 at $4.25, 2 bull and heifers av 730

at $3.50; to Regan 1 cow weighing 670 at

$3.25; to Sullivan P. Co. 1 do weighing

1,050 at $4; to Thompson Bros. 10 butch-

ers av 644 at $3.75; to Hammond, S. &

Co. 13 do av 780 at $4.50, 2 do av 830 at

$4; to Newton B. Co. 9 do av 642 at $3.75,

1 cow Weighing 800 at $3.50; to Ham-

mond, S. & Co. 4 cows av 1,037 at $2.75,

1 steer weighing 1,160 at $7; to Parker,

W. & Co. 3 cauners av 933 at $2.50.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Bresnahan 10

canners av 895 at $2.70, 7 cows av 864 at

$3.70, 8 do av 1,034 at $2.80, 1 bull weigh-

ing 720 at $3.25, 5 stockers av 606 at

$3.25, 3 canners av 1,010 at $2.60, 6

stockers av 678 at $3.65, 5 do av 698 at

$4, 7 do av 681 at $3.75; to Mich. B. Co.

13 steers av 900 at $5; to Parker, W. &

Co. 1 bull weighing 1,190 at $3.75, 1 do

weighing 1,160 at $3.75, 25 steers av 1,269

at $6.75; to ltattkowsky 6 cows av 1,041

at $3.50, 1 bull weighing 760 at $3, 2 cows

av 1,050 at $3.75; to Newton B. Co. 10

butchers av 780 at $4.25, 22 do av 824 at

$4.85; to Goose 5 cows av 960 at $3.25; to

Newton B. Co. 1 do weighing 1,120 at

$3.50, 2 do av 1,030 at $3.10; to Sullivan

P. Co. 1 do weighing 1,080 at $4; to Ratt-

kowsky 1 do weighing 1,130 at $3.75, 1

bull weighing 1,470 at $4; to Regan 3

heifers av 590 at $3.40; to Johnston 35

black stockcrs av 354 at $4; to Sullivan

P. Co. 6 cows av 1,133 at $2.75, 1 steer

weighing 820 at $4, 2 do av 860 at $4.50, 7

butchers av 980 at $4.25, 1 cow weighing

900 at $3; to Kamman 14 butchers av 655





at $4; to Forstyih 28 feeders av 784 at

$4.50;‘to Hammond, S. & Co. 3 cows av

916 at $2.60; to Newton 1%. Co. 10 butchers





av 767 at $4.60, 1 bull weighing 820 at

$4, 2 heifers av 755 at $4.50; to Bresnahan

11 cauncrs nv 963 at $2.75; to Thompson

Bros. 13 t‘-l\\S av 1,017 at $3.30, 13 butch-

ers av 774 at $4.50.



Spicer .‘3 R. sold Bresnahan 1 cow

weighing 1,270 at $2.75, 2 do av 900 at

$2.50, 1, do weighing 880 at $2.65; to Ger-

ish 20 steers av 1,066 at $5.50, 1 bull

weighing 1,240 at $4.25, 1 do weighing

1,110 at $3.85, 1 steer weighing 960 at

$4.25, 1 do Weighing 640 at $4.25; to .LaBoe

14 butchers av 744 at $4; to Hammond,

S. & Co. 31 do av 864 at $4.40, 15 do av

900 at $4.40, 31 do av 820 at $4.15, 18 do

av 722 at $3.75, 6 cows av 1,030 at $3.50,

1 do weighing 920 at $2.50; to Sullivan P

Co. 1.do weighing 1,250 at $4.75; to Schu-

makor 2 stockcrs av 670 at $3.75; to

Thompson Bros. 6 butchers av 900 at

$4.25, 1 cow weighing 1.140 at $3.25; to

Rattkowsky 3 do av 1,137 at $3.50; to Er-

ban Bros. 1, heifer weighing 680 at $3, 10

do av 590 at $3.25.



Halev 5‘: VI. sold Kamman 11 butch—

ers av 604 at $3.85; to Kamman 1 bull

weighing 920 at $3.50, 1 cow weighing

1,170 at $4, 1 do weighing 1,150 at $3,

do av 900 at $3.30; to Newton 13. Co. 3 do

av 1,083 at $4, 2 do av 1,025 at $4, 1 do

weighing 840 at $3.25; to Bresnahan 3,





l9





 





 





' THE MicHiGAN 'FARMER.





$8, 6 av 125 at $6; to Rattkowsky 2 av

110 at $6, 1 weighing 140 at $8.50, 3 av

130 at $7, 4 av 135-at $6.50; to Kull 2 av

135 at $8; to Goose 8 av 130 at $7.75.



McLaughlin sold Mich. L‘. Co. I weigh-

ing 170 at $7.50, 4 av 125 at $6.50.



l-leeney sold same 8 av 130 at $7.50.



Spicer &. R. sold Kull 2 av 185 at $2.75,

3 av 130 at $8.50, 1 weighing 120 at $7.



Roe Com. Co. sold Newton B. Co. 7 av

155 at $8.25.



Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts, 6,524. Market steady at last

week's prices; sheep strong. Best lambs,

$5.60@5.75; fair do., $4.75@5.25; light to

common do., $3.50@4.50; fair to good

sheep, $3@3.25; culls and common, $1.75

@250.





Spicer & R. sold Sullivan P. Co. 33

lambs av 85 at $3.40; to Mich. B. Co. 191

do av 75 at $5.75; to Nagle P. Co. 92 do

av. 75 at $5.75, 169 do av 73 at $5.50; to

Barlage 17 do av 55 at $4.50. 19 do av 50

at $4.50, 5 sheep av 80 at $2.25, 4 do av

125 at $2, 21. do av 110 at $2.75; to Kull

25 lambs av 60 at $5; to Hayes 19 do av

50 at $4.25.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Hammond. S. &

Co. 34 lambs av 57 at $4, 54 do av 73 at

$5, 56 do av 80 at $5.50, 72 sheep av 85

at $2, 13 do av 110 at $3.25; to Nagle P.

Go. 64 lambs av 76 at $3.65, 22 sheep av

90 at $3, 94 lambs av 73 at $5.50, 221 do

av 78 at $5.75; to Sullivan P. Co. 48 do

av 55 at $4, 32 do av 45 at $4, 25 sheep

av 90 at $2.25, 5 do av 85 at $2, 9 lambs

av 57 at $3.50, 78'do av 75 at $5.25; to

Newton B. Co. 24 do av 75 at $5.50, 17

sheep av 85 at $3. 25 do av 105 at $2.50;

to Thompson Bros. 34 do av 120 at $2.25,

24 1am‘bs av 50 at $3.50, 42 do av 60 at

$4.25; to Breitenbeck 69 do av 65 at $5.35.

76 sheep av 107 at $3, 62 lambs av 55 at

$3.50; to Taylor 46 do av 55 at $4.15. 115

do av 57 at $4.15, 34 sheep av 52 at $1.75:

to Fitzpatrick Bros. 34 do av 70 at $1.75,

20 do av 95 at $2.50, 67 do av 90 at $3,

46 lambs av 73 at $5.25, 1.4 sheep 3v 100 at

$2.50, 44 do av 105 at $3. 16 lambs av 57

at $4, 35 do av 85 at $5.75, 15 sheep av 90

at $2.75.



Haley & M. sold Parker, XV. 8.: Co. 136

lambs av 72 at $5.60, 145 do av 75 at $5.50;

to Mich. B. Co. 172 sheep av 103 at $3.05:

to Rattkowsky 8 do av 150 at $3.25: to





Hayes 37 lambs av 60 at $4.25, 5) do av

45 at 33.

Sharp sold Mich. 13. Co. 78 sheep av





115 at $3.25, 14 do av 75 at $1.50, 30 lambs

av 80 at $5.50.



Roe Com. Co, sold Newton B. (To. 16

lambs av 78 at $5.50, 28 sheep av 90 at

$2.50.



Heeney sold Nagle P. Co. 45 lambs av

75 at $5.60.



Hogs.



Receipts. 6.122. Market steady with

\Vednesday‘. 1.0@150 lower than last week.



Range of prices: Light to good butch-

ers. $6626.10; pigs, $5625.40; light yorkers,

35.75656: stags one—third off.



Bishop, 13. & H. sold Hammond, S. &

Co. 2,580 av 200 at $6.10, 875 av 175 at





$6.05, 1,560 av 170 at $6. 765 av 160 at.

$5.90. .





Haley & M. sold Parker, W. R? (‘0. 480

av 200 at $6.10, 425 av 185 at $6.05, 315 av

170 at $5.75. 130 av 140 at $5.56.





Spicer & R. sold some 619 av 200 at

$6.10. 280 av 180 at 36.05, 455 av 175 at

$6, 170 av 165 at .575.





Roe Com. Co. sold Sullivan P. Co. 125

av 200 at $6.10, 630 av 190 at $6.05. 80 av

180 at $5.70.





Professor Dietrich. of the T’nixrersi‘y of

Illinois, was on the Chicago market re-

cently with a car load of college fed hogs

that contained some pigs only eight

months old which had made an average

weight of .307 pounds. He has been pre-

paring a bulletin on the swine experi—

ments of the present year that cannot

fail to greatly interest all swine raisers.





 





 





 





l .

i We Wanl HAY&8TRAW





_ We get the top price on Consignments, make

liberal advancements and prompt remittances.





Daniel McCaflrey’s Sons 60.





FITT‘IURG. FA.

Reference Wadi-(tun Trust Company, a eight-k in city





so BEANS WANTED.





‘ I want yellow. green and black soys. Also





 





 





canners av 960 at $2.65: to Schumaker 4 ‘ Canada and marrowfst peas. Bend sample.





feeders av 805 at $4.35: to Sullivan P. Co. E

2 steers av 1.000 at $5.75; to Schlischerf

7 cows av 850 at $3.35, 1 do weighing’

1.160 at $2.75, 9 butchers av 585 at $3.05:

to Hirschleman 14 do av 607 at $3.50, 21

bulls av 590 at $3; to Goose 1 cow weigh- l

ing 930 at $2.75, 4 do av 755 at $3.75; t0‘

Goose 14 butchers av 357 at $3.15.



Stephens sold Parker, W. & Co. 6 cows

av 861 at $2.75.



Weeks sold same 7 do av 950 at $2.75.



Weeks sold Hirschleman 6 butchers av

823 at $4.30. ”



McLachlin sold Bray 1 stockers weigh—

ing 660 at $2.70, 6 do av 590 at $3.20.



Allington sold Brcsnahan 2 cows av 915

at $3, 5 do av 824 at $2.35.



Sharp sold .Mich. E. Co. 4 cows av 1,040

at $3, 4 butchers av 770 at $4.



Weeks sold same 2 bulls av 1,280 at

$3.85, 12 butchers av 750 at $4.20, 4 do

av 685 at $3.75, 2 cows av 1,045 at $3.



McLachlin sold Kamman 1 steer weigh-

ing 1,010 at $5.50, 2 do av 790 at $5, 1 do

weighing 850 at $4.50, 3 heifers av 516

at $3.50. .



Johnson sold Hammond, S. & Co. 8

COWs av 920 at $2.85.



Veal Calves.



Receipts, 553. Good grades

common dull at last week’s prices.

$8@8.75; others, $4697.75.



Haley & M. sold Rattkowsky 6 av 250

at $3.25, 2 av 135 at $6.50, 3 av 160 at

$7.50. 2 av 130 at $6.50.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Newton B. Co.

.4. av 155 at $8.25, 1 weighing 110 at $6,

3 av 140 at $8, 2 av 135 at $8, 1 weighing





active;

Best,





EDW. E. EVANS,

West Branch, Michigan.





Sunny Tennessee!





That section of Tennessee and Alabama traveled by the

Nashvnlle, Chattanooga A: St. Louis Railway is rich in natu-

ralresources. end its climatic conditions and the fertility

of its soils ofler unexcelled opportunities for the profitable

aroduction of grains, grasses, live stock and truck crops. Fer-



le and attractive farm land: may be had at very low prices.





, t r

WRITE “M9 “413633, 13233.35 (9)

II. F. SMITH,Traffic My" Dept. P, Nash-0.19111.





An Open W ' t

for the man living in the Southeast.

Pleasant summers and mild winters nuke the South

the him! how: rnntry. Wonderful opportunities

for investments in land which will soon be worth

23:21:11]“ present cost. its producing qualities

Prices How range from SI“ III acre ll".

Two to three crops from the same soil per sea-

son. Fruit. truck. allalfa,,corn, cotton,wheot,

etc" large profiB.

Beef and Pork produced at 3 to 4cm

Special literature on each State.

Let us know which lam

Write at once.





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





   

   

   

   

   

   

 

 





 

 

 

 





 





on. r.;,.

7 (A .





"ii-"4 ‘



\M- / '

, 11min," 4‘

loaln‘uo. SIBIII. 31.. Eli \K'A—«nlu—‘f‘l;

II- n. ‘A‘R‘J‘ '1': "“

IcahmctuJLC- 4.11 M¢¥L “If:

. . .> I I.





:‘d





 

   

   

   





 





120 at $6; to Thompson Bros. 2 av 150 at





   





California.

common in this marvelous state.





And there is still enough land

being put under water every year.





When you have made up your





 





made money, write





Pace. Traffic Manager Union Pacific R. R.

1454 Dodge St. Omaha. Neb.





(23) 523





Five Crops of Alfalfa in One Season

the ReCord of Sacramento

Valley, California





Alfalfa, which has made wealthy more farmers in the irrigated

West than any other known product, is grown to perfection in

Five crops, with the corresponding profits, are not un-





in California for you, and more is





mind to sell your farm in‘the East





and take the money to buy 40 acres, which will make more money in

California with not so much work, travel over the





c e c

‘ Union - Southern Pac1flc

STANDARD ROUTE 01" THE WEST

Electric Block Signals

If you want to read the experience of farmers who have





Excellent Dining Cars





   





cmmr F ORT.





   





l .





   





(37)





 





 





 





. w“; v. . .,.,, 1





 





. work. We tan coon.

coats, mulls and scarfs for the ladies.





tells all about our work.





 





”The Blisslield Robe and Tanning 00., mm...





pays the freight on all hides that are to be made into fur coats and robes,





Our prices are lower than

muskrat and mink skins, and make beautiful fur





We would be pleased to send you our catalog which





BLISSFIELD ROBE & TANNING CO., Blissfleld, Mich.





Blissiield,





any other concern doing this kind of





 





 





 





, . l





 

 





 





i Illlillll





 





' POST

25.593.23.3523331334 cinns I06





The finest lot of Xmas Cards We ever ofiered . All difierent,every one richly

. colored, every card with a Christmas Greeting on it.

‘ Scenes. Holly, Santa. Claus, Reindeer,Winter Scenes, etc. Send your orders.

to us; we are specialists in Season Cards. Biggest and best Christmas Card



. catalog sent free. ELLIS ART 630.. Dept.513, 538 LawndaleAve..Cbiccg-r





All styles of Xmas





 





 





 





FARMS All) Film nuns

run SALE on EXBHANGE





FARM q—Hofore you buy send for my list of

1.. over 200 Southern Michignn Forms.

Byster, The Farm Man, 607 Westic Bldg, Detroit, Mich.





SUBURBAN HOME 3.333133%“; r°dza3?n"‘,“;ul3’.‘”§él‘£

South. Write quick. Box 99. Lansing, Michigan.



TIA-MS WANT —We have diIfllct lmyeva‘rrs.i Dan't

oriblng property. naminfigwcgfiflze?na’e 1131;81:35—





en locate desirable pro rty FR American Invest.

ment Association. 3 P ace Bldg. Minneapolis. Minn-





UR CO-OPEHATWE LIST quotes owner's price

0 for select FARMS all over Southern Mich go .

The Ypsilanti Agency 00.. Inc. Ypsilanti, Mich.





in Oocana. greatest fruit. 00. in U. S.

"a 89" Farms also grain. otctoes. alfalfa, dafiyirfig.

c .





Write for list. ete. HAN 0N tit SON, Hort,





Annmson coumrs BEST





-—Muet sell at. once. Neurgood town.



“We Farms Terms to Hill'. (iood house, all con-



venlenoee. Inch as both, hot and cold water. natural

In etc. Prices, $75.00 to $13511).



i’iLRLESS S. W. 00.. Gnrnett. Kas.





- - 0 —20.000 acres fine

“Glee MlChlgan Lands unimproved lands.

III) some lni rovcd farms in Gladwin and Clare

counties. Wr to us for maps and folders.



A. J. STEVENS & Co.. Gladwin. Michigan.





—Hood Jackson Co. Farms

M S for sale. cheap. Write B.

Stillsou, Jackson. Mich.





CENTRAL MICH.7.32.233533303355863‘53352373





 





 





 





&. M. R. R. in etc to suit



FARMS urohasere. Address JAQOB

ECHWARTZ. Saginaw, Mich.



the Boot. Land in



Mich! an at from



no r 83 inaw and Bay City. Write for me and par-

tiolililars.g Clear title and easy terms. Ste eld Bro...





HEN when you can buy

WHY PAY S7 to 12 an acre

(owners) 15 Merrill Bldg . Saginaw. W. S. Michigan,





Money-Making Farms





out 15 states; improved, one to 1000 acres. $810

an acre; Stock and tools included with many,

to settle estates uickly. Mammoth illustrated. Catn-

logue “No. " reez E. A. STROUT, Station 101,

Union Bank Bldg, Pittsburgh.





I —17,000 acres rich



Own a South Carolina Farm virginiand on main



line Seaboard Air Line Railway at. McBee S. 0.



tteen to Twenty-Five liars per acre. 1nveeti-



gated and indorsed by Commissioner of Agriculture

of





throu

to $1





South Carolina. Will divide to suit. Easy pay-

ment. plan. Specially adapted for growmg truck, fruit,

corn and cotton. High and dry. no swamps:é Ideal

climate. Near famous Winter resorts of uthorn

Pines rind Cauldron. 162,136 ¥II1LOB¢1£ thllouflhtpmp-

iteenours ew r. ow're re.



“h rum) os‘hm'?





CANADIAN WHEAT FARMS





In WESTERN CANADA of 160 acres and up, im-

prove-d and unimproved. BASKA’IUHI‘ATAN took





the $1000 prize for wheat shown in No“ York.

You can get these lands all virgin prulric.

every foot arable, from $12.00 to $25.00 pm- now.



an iit'i‘O car; payment. bal. easy. (IVt‘l'

95.000 Americans went during last. seven montln.

Write for information to R. H. H RWUUI’.

m Williamson Building.”OLEVELAND, OHIO.





 





Minnesota, FREE ion-Page Book.





Compiled by state, accurate information about

prices of lands in, and products of each county.





2,000,000 Acres Homestead Lands.





Address State Board of immigration,

Room 502 State Capitol. St. Paul. Flinn.





FOR INFORMATION AS TO LANDS IN





"8 The Nation’s

Garden Spot-





‘nur GREAT nun Ann mica

_ snowmc sat-nou-

along the





Atlantic Coast Line

RAILROAD





in Virginia, North and South Carolina,

Georgia, Alabama and Florida, write to

WILIH'R MCCOY, E.N.CLARK,

A. A; l. A gt. for Florida, A. dz 1. Agt. forVirginia

Alabamaktleorgla, and the Carolinas,

Jacksonvule, Fla. Wilmington. N. C.





6ANADIAN FARMS





Do you want a farm in Western Canada

where the crops this year are in advance of

anything grown on this continent? For

wheat-growing. dairying, mixed farming

and cattle—raising, the Province of Alberta is

mint-gassed. ff d b C ,



an acre nowo ere ythe ANADIAN

PACIFIC RAILWAY COMPANY at prices

ranging from





$10 to $30 an Acre on Long

Term of Payment or on

the Crop Payment Plan





—thct is, paying for your term with a portion at

your crops each year.

Land values have increased 30% in two care.

Great opportunities for the Homesceker gall or

write tor full particulars, booklets, maps, etc.





1.; THORNTON, General Agent

Con-dice Pacific Railway, Alberta Lend Dept.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





arty.

Write for literature, BOU





 





MENT COMPANY, Dept. 5, LAURENS, S. 0





112 Wont All-m0 3h. CHICAGO. ILL
‘





 





For the First Time in the History of Motor Car Manufacturing ., g

a Real F anfily Touring Car is Offered for Less than $1000. ..





The family man is the real

back-bone of the nation, and a

car suitable for him must be

the popular car of the year.

In the Maxwell Mascotte, the

leading motor car builders in

America have supplied just

the car required by the family

man and at a reasonable price.

Many makers have tried,

some have offered low prices, but poor design and ma-

terial—but this is the first time that a real family car

of dignity, character and reputation, has been offered

for less than $1000. '





It has been close figuring, but. great purchasing

power, unequaled. manufacturing faCilities and quantity

production make it pOSSible.





The aristocrat of moderate-priced cars is the well

deserved name given to Maxwell cars, because even

at comparatively low prices they wear longest, are easy

to operate and maintain, and have given universal sat-

isfaction to 47,000 owners.





The Mascotte model bristles with new features,

abll of which add to the comfort and satisfaction of the

uyer.





We haVe cars ready to show you and some for im-

mediate delivery. Call and see them. Ride in the

Mascotte; ask our competitors what they think of it;

talk to a Maxwell owner and then compare the Max-

well with any other car selling within $200 of its price.





Maxwell leadership in touring is. proven by its ex-

traordinary victory°in the recent Glidden Tour, when

it won the Glidden Trophy With a record never equaled





( Top extra)

MAXWELL MASCOTI'E $980





 





 





 





 





Every Farmer should read





these books — they’ re FREE.





Send a postal—Just say “Send Books.”





“The Story of the Glidden Tour”

—interesting and thrilling; “How

to Judge an Automobile.” Ad-

vance 1912 Maxwell Catalogue.





 





 





$980





 





Free Monthly Inspection Service.





 





I





—finishing as the only per-

fect score team among 64 of

America’s best known motor

cars after a gruelling 1454-mile

journey from New York to

Jacksonville. Governor Hoke

Smith’s personal entry of a

Maxwell carrying Georgia’s

chief executive on the long

trip, won the Anderson trophy

with a perfect score -— all stamping Maxwell as the

American Touring Champion and Maxwell design

and construction as ideal for touring purposes.





 





Maxwell cars have made history by originating

many improvements.





Maxwell originated three-point suspension.

Maxwell originated thermo-syphon cooling.

Maxwell originated multiple-disc clutch.

Maxwell made the first metal body.





Maxwell cars ran 10,000 miles without a single stop of

the motor. -





Maxwell cars are'indorsed by 47,000 users, including

15,550 physicians.





Maxwell cars had 768 registrations in New Y ork State

'in 1905 and 1906 with the official records showing

702 of them registered again this year, 91 per cent

all in active use.





MaxWell is the Touring Champion—a title bestowed by

the American Automobile Assomation,_when it won

the Glidden Tour, the National Touring Contest.





Note These Features





Motor—supplying full 25

hp. Body—ventilated fore-

door, flush sides. Trans-

mission—sliding-gear.

Ignition—dual magneto

and batteries. Wheel-

base-104 inches. Clutch

—meta1 mutiple—disc.

Springs —imported Eng-

lish steel. Brakes—double

acting on rear wheels.

German steel ball-bear-

ings. Steering Gear—-

irreversible worm gear.

17-1nch steering wheel.

Tires—32x3% inches, Q.D.

Finish—blue black, Mas-

cotte gray wheels. white

striping. Price—$980f.o.b.

factory, top extra. \Nith

roadsterhody.5950.Equip-

meat—magneto, genera-

tor, two gas lamps, three

oil lamps, horn, tool kit,

jack, pump. tire repair kit,

tool-box, foot and, robe

rails.





Other 1 9 l 2 Models

“Special” Touring Car, $1280

“Mercury” Roadster. $1150

“ Mascotte" Roadster, $950

“Messenger” Roadster, $625

\ “Messenger" Runsliolit, $600





27 West Glst Street, at Broadway

Division of UELTLJD SEE MOTOR CQMPANY.





 





a if]!





45 Branches and 1800 Dealers—Everywhere.





Maxwell - Briscoe Motor Company

New York City