N..-I—=





 





 





VOL. cxxxvu. No. 25.}

Whine Number 3571.1,





THE INTERNATIONAL.





 





T-he twelfth International Live ,Stock

Exposition held at the Union Stock Yards,

Chicago, this week was an even greater

success from every standpoint than those

which have preceded it. Exhibits .com-

pared favorably in numbers with those

of previous years, while the average

quality of the exhibits all along the line

was far superior to the high standard set

in previous years. As usual, the interest

during the early days of the show cen-

tered in the judging of the single fat

classes, and the selection of the grand

champion steer of the show from the win-

ners in the different classes.



This coveted honor, for the fourth time

in the history of the show, was awarded

to the Iowa State College on the grand

grade Angus steer Victor, shown in the

accompanying illustration. This grand

individual weighed into the ring at 1,670

pounds. He was two years, 10 months

and 15 days old, and was one of the few

animals that have been carried over from

previous years in such fine show condi-

tion, which feat, together with the fact

that this is the fourth time that animals

from the Iowa college have won the grand





anam'plo'nship at this premier show, is'

anappropriate testimonial to the unparté ,





ance of skill and judgment in feeding for

best results. ‘ ‘



This steer was bred by W. J. Millar, of

Iowa, from whom Prof. Kennedy, of the

Iowa college, purchased him at the Am-

erican Royal Show at Kansas City in the

fall of 1910. He-won the grand champion-

ship at the Fort Worth Show in March,

1910, and was exhibited at last year’s

International, being awarded the grade

championship but was defeated for the

reserve champibnship by the yearling

Shorthorn st'eer , exhibited by James

Leaske, of Canada.



During the past year his ration has

beenamixture of corn and oats with bran

and alfalfa, with a run at grass during

the summer. The wonderful quality of

the animal is reflected in the price which

he brought in the sale ring. After spirit-

ed: bidding-by competitors he was sold in

the ring: at, 90 cents’per pound, the high-





Grand Champlon Load a? Fat sum





The Only Weekly Ag





 





 





DETROIT, MICH” SATURDAY. DEC. 16. 19".





est price paid for an International Grand

Champion since 1900, when Advance, the.

first grand champion of the International,

sold at $1.50 per pound. The next high.

est price was paid for Shamrock 2nd, the

1910 champion, which sold for 60 cents

per pound.



His closest competitors for the honors

were Prince of Viewpoint 2nd, a pure-

bred Angus steer shown by the Uni-

versity of Nebraska which won the Angus





 





in competition after the weeding out

process by a committee of expert cattle

buyers appointed for the purpose. This

committee stated that the task of elimi-

nation was much more difficult at this

show than at previous Internationals, 0W-

ing to the fact that feeders have learned

the important lesson that it is useless to

bring animals that are not of show qual-

ity and finish.



The popularity of baby beef, when pos-





 





 





Vlctor, Grand ChampIOn Fat Steer at the Twelfth International.





championship in 1910, and a Hereford

calf shown by the University of Missouri.

The Nebraska steer was awarded the

Reserve Championship, while the Missouri

calf stood third.



The interest in the car lot contest was

even keener than usual. VThere were 86

loads of steers entered in the fat carlot

classes, only 59 loads of which remained





sessed of the proper finish, was again at-

tested by the awarding of the grand

championship in the carlot classes to the

grand load of grade Angus yearlings ex-

hibited by Escher & Ryan, of Irwin, Ia.

Something of the quality and uniformity

of this load of cattle can be seen from

the accompanying illustration. The com—





petitors for grand championship honors





 





 





 





at the 1911 Intern-flaunt.





 





\x\ \





I ,

' / flaws/{M





 





ricultural, Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State.





g 31.00 A YEAR.

$2.75 5 YEARS.





in this class were all of the Angus breed,

the two-year-old championship having

been won by the same firm that exhibited

the grand championship load, while the

three-year-old championship was won by

G. R. Wessener, of Tipton, Mo. Many of

the vistors, as well as the competitors

themselves, had picked the two-year-old

steers exhibited by Escher & Ryan as

the winners of this premier honor, "but

the two judges who had placed the

awards in the different classes agreed on

the championship without calling in a

referee. In 1902 the Escher exhibit won

the grand championship at Chicago, and

1904 the first prize yearlings were Escher

cattle. /

The largest percentage of the cham-

pionship steers were pure-bred and all of

them showed the best of Angus type.

They had been groom-"d from calves for

this purpose, being fwl a light ration of,

cats before they \‘x'ci'c weaned, and after





weaning, a grain rnlion of corn and oats.

After being placed upon full feed the

ration was Vfll'll‘ti from time to time with





a variety of foods, including corn. cotton-

sced meal. oil meal, molasses feed and

roots, while this fall, as soon as the corn

had reached the roasting stage, they were

given plenty of green corn. The steers

were fed in the open and had the run of

a blue grass pasture during the summer.

They sold in the auction ring at $15.75

per cwt., the highest price paid for any

previous championship exhibit since 1906,

when the championship carlot sold at

$17 per cwt.



The exhibits in all other classes were

of uniformly good quality and totaled

little higher in number than at last year’s

show. In the carlot classes for feeding

cattle there were 33 carlots entered, two

more than last year, while the quality

was considered even better, and was at~

tested by the fact that only two loads

were rejected in the eliminating process

by the “weeding committee.”



In the carlot hogs exhibited, there were

17 entries against 14 last year. In the

sheep department there were 18 loads ex-

hibited, three of which were from Mich-

igan. Of the latter the native lambs



(Continued on page 528).





 

 





A Grand Lot «Angus Yearling: and a Living Argument for the Superiority of Baby Beef.
526 m





THE PROBLEM OF THE SANDY

FARM.





I approach the discussion of this sub-

ject with considerable hesitation for,

after traveling Michigan over and ‘over,

I have seen the problem calling for so-

lution in almost every locality. It has

been mine to contend with it personally

to some extent for years, with varying

success.



The thoughts expressed in this article

may not be in accord with the mind of

the reader. They may not be correct

but should they provoke thought, investi-

gation and some degree of resolution, this

effort will be amply justified.



The greatest necessity of our sandy

soils is the power to conserve moisture.

The grains of the sandy soil are so large

that the water escapes very rapidly. In

seasons when rain is plenty, sandy land

yields abundantly and the owner takes

courage. But in dry years the crop is

small and a disappointment and financial

losses are the lot of many who have

tilled the sandy farm.



The first and most important question,

therefore, is the conservation of mois—

ture. What is to be done to enable the

sandy field to pass through a period of

drought without injury to the crop? Can

any of the evil effects of the dry weather

be avoided by proper management? As

we have stated, one of the causes of sand

drying out so quickly is the size of the

soil particles.



This we cannot help.

there are other causes also

measurably within our control.





But fortunately

that are

Sandy





soils are very generally lacking in vege-

table matter. Humus, present in the

soil, in sufficient quantity, enables it to





retain moisture in a large degree. But

the sand is so porous and the effect of

‘the sun upon it is so marked that the

humus is rapidly destroyed. If a good

clover sod can be plowed under, the sandy

field, when properly tilled, will grow a.

good crop and carry it through a long

period of drought with little injury. It

does this, in part, because of the presence

of a large quantity of vegetable matter.



The first thing to do with the unprofit-

able sandy farm is to get the vegetable

matter back into the soil in some way.

Dreams of commercial fertilizer and of

new and wonderful plants are vain. We

must get back to the plants that we know

will thrive on Michigan farms and grow

them and replenish the humus in the

soil.



But some man will say, “I cannot get

a catch of clover. I have tried again and

again and failed;” and this may be en-

tirely true. But there is usually a way

out if we but look for it.



Rye is a crop that seldom fails. When

sown early, it will get a good growth in

the fall and if plowed under in the spring

will add greatly to the content of humus.

With more vegetable matter in the soil,

the chance to get a catch of clover is

improved. True, rye adds no nitrogen,

phosphoric acid or potash to the soil that

it has not previously taken from it. But

it pays its debt to the ground and, in

addition, returns a large quantity of car-





bon that helps to put the soil in much

better condition. We want the clover

just as soon as We can get it. But many





sandy farms are so sadly lacking in

humus that it is difficult to get a stand

of clover at all, except under very favor-

able circumstances, and in these cases

rye can profitably be used as a stepping

stone to something better.



A short rotation of crops is best on

this kind of a farm. The rotation should

contain a clover crop, of course. Stable

manure adds greatly to the humus in the

soil. It should be saved carefully and

applied in the right manner and at the

right time but on the ordinary farm there

is not enough of it to keep up the supply

of humus and, in consequence, quantities

of vegetable matter from other sources

must be plowed under.



The farmer has read that from 60 to

90 per cent of the value of the crops fed

to stock, is returned in the form of stable

manure and so he carelessly reasons that

he may sell his wheat, part of his corn

and oats, a load of hay now and then and,

if he has enough left to feed his team.

two or three cows and as many young

cattle, and hauls out the manure after

the spring rains haVe washed it and puts

it on two or three acres of corn ground,

he is doing pretty well by his farm.



It is true that from 60 to 90 per cent

of the nitrogen, phosphoric acid and pot-

ash in the food is returned to the feeder.

But from three-fourths to flve-slxths of

the carbon is burned up in keeping the

animal warm and in maintaining the

mystery of life. Did you ever go into a





large stable upon a cold, blustering win-





 





THE

ter’s day and note how comfortable it is?

A friend and I were riding one day

through a dairy section in' the central

part of the state when we became very

cold and soWe stopped at a dairy barn,

not only to see a splendid herd of Hol-

stein cattle but to get warm, and we

were not disappointed. It would have

taken a great many cords of wood or a

great many tons of coal to have kept that

large stable comfortable throughout the

winter months, but the cattle were do-

ing it, and, instead of burning wood or

coal, they were burning ensilage, splen-

did hay, and a variety of grains. They

gave back a liberal percentage of some of

the food nutrients,.but three-quarters of

the possible humus contained in their

feed was burned up for their comfort

and went off in their breath.





It is, therefore, very important to make

the most of fertilizing materials produced

upon the farm, in which case it is much

easier to get a good stand of clever. But

the tendency of sand to blow is often

hard to contend with. Here, again, we

suffer from the same lack of humus. The

sand rich in vegetable matter does not

blow so easily, and if we would prevent

the evil effects of the winds, we must

put the humus back into the soil. If we

had been wise enough in the past to

leave the timber we wished to reserve

upon these sandy farms in the form of

wind breaks, the wind would have been

far less troublesome. I have spent months

in the upper peninsula where much of

the land is covered, as yet, with a tangle

of spruce, balsam and tamarack. They

have little trouble with the winds in

those places. If, when they clear this

land, they might be wiser than we have

been and leave wind breaks in proper

places, the future would prove their wis-

dom without a doubt.



But this article is too long, already,

and I have heardly touched the subject.

Let me just say, once more in closing,

to the man with an unprofitable sandy

farm: “Get the vegetable matter back

into the soil."





Oceana Co. W, F. TAYLOR.





 





DRAINING SWAMP LAND.





 





Please advise me as to whether swamp

land can be tile drained successfully. The

muck varies in depth from six inches to

three feet Underlying soil is sand with

some spots of quicksand and also some

spots of marl. Would the tile be apt to

clog in the quicksand? Could lay tile

from two to three feet deep. This

ground has been under cultivation for

several years and is drained by open

ditches but does not dry off fast enough

in the spring to start crops in proper

time. Therefore before going to the ex-

pense of tiling I would be pleased to

have the experience of others. I might

add that there is good fall and direct out-

let inlo creek for most of the drains.



-lllegan Co. J. H. V.



Any kind of land can be drained. There

is no trouble in laying tile in quicksand

if one understands. After the ditch is

(ing and graded then the tile should be

laid by the operator backing up, that is,

he must not step on the file after they

are laid, if he does he will get them out

of shape, but if he has the bottom of the

ditch properly graded and then the op-

erator backs up in laying the tile and as

he progresses, fills fine dirt in the bottom

of the ditch on either side of the tile,

being careful to put about the same

amount on each side, and then some ov-

er the top so as to get this tile firmly

fixed in its bed, then by putting on a

foot or more of dirt there will be no diffi-

culty about walking over the ditch or

filling it in any way you please. The

great trouble is experienced in not allow~

ing the tile to settle where they are

placed. If the depth of the outlet is suffi-

cient I think it would be proper to lay

these tile just about at the bottom of the

muck where it is deepest, and then where

it is only several inches deep the tile

would go lower, but if you get the tile

just below the muck then they will work

best and drain the land thoroughly.



COLON C. LILLIE.





 





 





..-_-





TH E FARMER’S VACATION.





 





Shall the farmer have a vacation? This

question occasionally comes up for dis-

cussion in the farm papers. and is gen-

erally answered in the affirmative, but

the advice is generally followed nega-

tively. The reason is that no one can be

found to take the farmer’s place while

he takes his vacation, which is in a

measure true, yet this difficulty is not

insurmountable. City people leave their

business to others for a few weeks in

the summer and get out into some quiet

country place where they can forget their

cares and rest their nerves and exercise

their bodies in a different way from the





' MICHIGAN FARMER.’





daily routine of exercise, and they declare

that they come back much refreshed and

ready to resume their work with re-

newed energy. True, the work may not

have gone on just as they would have

wished but it. is the slack time for them

anyway, and the business has gone on

somehow. Possibly it has been the means

of bringing out the latent ability of some

employe, and proved him capable of bear-

ing more responsibility which the em-

ployer would be glad to shift. This alone

may be worth all it cost.





True, the farm conditions are quite

different, still the comparison can be

made between them. The farmer may

not be able to take his vacation in the

summer months, and if not he should

plan to get some kind of respite from the

daily routine during the winter. It may

not be quiet that he needs, in fact, it

may be just the opposite. A week or two

in the city may be more of a change than

a country trip. This can generally be tak-

en at little expense as most of us have

relatives in some town or city.





But the hardest question to solve is

how to leave our work. We have come

to think that no one else can attend to

the work that we have looked after so

long. We are prone to think that ev-

erything will stop if we leave, but it

wont. The world will go on Just the

same after we drop off, and possibly our

successors will carry on our work better

than we can, so why not give them a.

chance to try it for a few weeks, at least

once in a while. Perhaps we will be

more appreciated when we return. or

perhaps we will better appreciate those

who carry on the work while we are

away. 4



So, if we have the help to look after

the chores and other necessary work for

a while during the winter, let us explain

to them as well as we can what is

wanted and get them broken in while we

‘are with them; then turn the reins Over

to them and when We leaVe forget that

there is such a place as home. It will

do us good to throw all care and thoughts

of home work from our minds for a time,

and enter into the attractions of the new

surroundings with a zest.



If We can not Secure suitable help to

look after our affairs at home we may

be able to secure the services of some

neighbor in exchange for a similar ser-

vice. This would benefit both of us and

be a very desirable method of co—opera-

tion.



And while we are considering a vaca-

tion we should include the housewife, if

not the entire family. She is probably

more in need of a change than are we,

for she is more closely confined to her

duties at the house, while we have the

whole farm, a chat with the neighbors

often, and an occasional trip to town.

Even if we can not go we should insist

on the good wife having at least a short

respite from home duties.



Calhoun Co. S. B. Hm'rMAN.





 





THE AGRICULTURAL ADVANTAGES

OF MICHIGAN.





 





I was much interested in what Mr.

Lillie and Mr. Washburn, of Jackson

county. have said on the above subject.

Having traveled from the Atlantic to the

Pacific coast, and from San Antonio.

Texas, to North Dakota, and 'on these

travels having stopped and visited in a

number of different states, I have yet to

find any place with better markets, bet-

ter transportation facilities, a greater

variety of soils, where a greater variety

of products can be grown, than can be

found in many parts of Michigan, and as

the above writers have said, it is also

a great puzzle to me why improved farms

in the fruit belt and other sections of the

state are offered for sale so cheap. For

real profit, I would sooner have a good

apple or peach orchard in Ottawa coun-

ty than any orange grove of the same

size in southern California. It costs so

much to irrigate, cultivate and spray an

orange grove, that there is but little

profit in growing this fruit. While visit-

ing in southern California. a few years

ago it was a great surprise to me to see

bushels of lemons rotting on the ground,

and being told the reason for this, was

because it did not pay to pick and pre-

pare them for market. My advice to any

one who owns a farm in Michigan, and

are in fairly prosperous circumstances,

and enjoying good health. is not to be in a

hurry to sell out cheap for the purpose

of going to the Pacific coast, to Texas,

or some other state, expecting to better

their condition, because nine times out of

ten they will be disappointed.



Ottawa Co. Joan JACKSON.





Duo. 16. 1911.





RAW - FU RS

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EXPORTERS OF RAW runs,

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TO

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125-127 W. 27th St. N. Y. City





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Your Virgin Soil

LAGKS PHOSPHORIIS





 

   

 





 





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You Must Make Up This Deficiency





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The Only Economical Way to Supply It

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The economical way to buy Ground Phosphate

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. q .0
DEC. 16, 1911.





fertility of the land. This system of

farming will husband the fertility, but





I own a farm of 280 acres in Calhoun not maintain it. Every crop, every ani-

county, three-fifths of which is marsh. A mal, and every dairy product that is sold

few years ago we put through the NOtta‘ from the farm removes fertility from the





wa ditch, which drained the marsh dry. .

Since that time, hovvever’ I have been farm because from the plants Whlch grow





unable to hire the marsh broken up or in the soil some fertility is taken to pro-

;2 geforaatei‘lairét W310 WQFLC] tOE‘Ch it exh duce these products and when sold from

p y p ice. ere 15 a toug the farm this fertility is removed. Con-





sod, and, of course, it is a mean, hard _

job. My object in writing is to ask it you sequently. in time If nothing is added the

pgnwrlpiafietgny suggestions as tto lsognevgse soil would be depleted in fertility. Now

. C emars can epu, a or e- . . .

mg scarce, and other circumstances as when we keep dairy cows or practice live

they are. I, for one, am beginning to feel stock husbandry, instead of selling the

glitugcoed” when I iconsider what the plants off from the farm we sell the ani-

ic cost. Some clam, too, that drain- - _

ing a marsh also drains the hard land mals or animal products. By first feed

to an injurious extent, and I would like mg the plant to the animal we husband

to ask what you think about that. If it the fertility of the soil because, when the

31cm tgl‘ke labgyotmdfipgclzlimqt time tohstog animal consumes the plant it does not

e u mmg mars es, use all of the nitrogen, phosphoric acid,





“best land you’ve got,” etc. Please an-

and potash, the three essential elements





A DRAINED MARSH PROBLEM.





 





swer through the Michigan Farmer or





address me directly.

\Vashington, D. C. I”. D., H.





I have not had an extensive experience

with marshes, but have observed enough

Some will

grow good truck crops, such as onions

or celery and some will not, at; least in

I have seen

breaking up true

marshes and trying to get tame grasses



started than I have seen successes. If



the marshes are not too low, and drained

as stated, you might be able to get them

broken up, and by using oats or buck—

wheat to get started with a seeding of

'timothy with some red top and alsike

clover, it might yield you a good crop

for several years. Buckwheat is one of

-the best crops I know to subdue low

If the land will

grow hoed crops these will assist in sub-

We have a

semi-marsh which gaVe good returns for

hay or pasture for several years in suc-

cession and if the season is right we can

get a fair crop of cats, corn, or even

wheat. This is not true marsh land,

however. Have seen good potatoes grown

on marshes, also good corn, and again

they would fail, but in most cases the





to know that they vary much.





their present conditions.

more failures in





ground or hard spots.





duing the wild grasses.





drainage was insufficient.





Most of the marsh land near here is of

use only for pasture, and but a small

amount of this is secured from them.





We cut hay on some of them for mulch-

ing strawberries. I

bedding and packing, and stock will eat

some of it if it is nice and green. There

is quite a demand for marsh hay for

packing and bedding in the cities, where

there is a large quantity in a place buy-

ers will give a fair price for the stacked

hay for baling and shipping, or if the

marsh is near enough to a large town it

can be hauled loose. I think one can

secure from five to eight or ten dollars

per ton for baled marsh hay, depending

upon the scarcity of hay, rye straw, and

such material for feeding, bedding, and

packing purposes.



If the marsh in question is suitable for

mowing with a machine, this might be

the best method of handling it, especially

as the owner is farming at “long dis-

tance” and, as a rule, the kind of farm—

ing that requires little labor pays best in

such instances. If the grass is not now

of good quality, containing weeds and

possibly some fine brush, but is_ not too

rough to mow it will improve each year

from the cutting of the weeds and brush,

giving the grass a chance to get ahead.





Possibly the marsh would have been

better for this purpose without the drain-

age, and possibly it is not suitable‘to

mow, or may be more valuable for other

crops, but I am suggesting the marsh hay

crop as being easy to handle at a dis-

tance, and require little outlay for labor

or tools. If there is not a suitable mar-

ket in Battle Creek. Marshall, or Albion;

you can bale and ship to a larger mar-

ket or take the matter up with a hay

buycn



As for the drain injuring the high land

adjoining the marsh, it may lower the

water table beneath the soil somewhat,

and possibly affect. the moisture content

during dry spells, but by proper cultiva—

tion I believe enough moisture can be

saved from the rains for the growth of

crops and that the injury to the high

land will not be at all serious.



Calhoun Co. S. B. HARTMAN.

KEEPING UP FERTILITY OF 80-ACRE



FARM.





 





 





 





In keeping up the fertility of a farm of

80 acres by means of stable manure how

many cows would be required? Would it

pay to use rock phosphate, and how

much per acre? Can We keep up fer-

tility simply by use of commercial fer—

tilizers?



'Montcalm Co. 0. C. M.



.Keeping cows or live stock and simply





feeding them what is grown on the farm

without buying anything from the out-

side, will not and cannot maintain the





It also makes good





of fertility, which the plant takes from

the soil. Part of this cannot be used by

the animal economy and is returned to

the land, but nothing is added by feeding

these plants to an animal. No fertility

is added to the farm and some of it is

removed. If a man begins farming on

good fertile land and begins at once a

system of live stock husbandry he can

husband the fertility of his soil and keep

it up in crop producing power for a great

many years. There is no doubt about

that, but in the final analysis his soil

will be depleted. Now, however, if he

keeps animals enough on the farm to

consume all of the roughage that he

grows, and go outside of the farm to pur-

chase some grain to help balance up the

roughage ration then he adds fertility in

the purchased grain and if he carefully

preserves the manure and puts it back

onto the soil with good management he

will not only keep the fertility of the soil

but he can actually increase it. Of course,

this system of live stock husbandry is

not practical to be universally followed.

If it was there would be no extra grain

to buy.



Whether it is. profitable to use raw

phosphate rock or not is a question that

I am unable to decide. It is a question

that has been discussed pro and con in

the agricultural press for the last few

years. I have faith that it would pay to

use this rock. I purchased a car load of

it two years ago; part of it I used with

stable manure and part of it I applied

direct ‘ me land. I am frank to say

that so far I haven’t been able to see

where I put this rock, and yet I have

faith that I will get my money out of it

and perhaps have got a portion of it al—

ready, but the action of this raw rock

is so slow that it is not discernible t0 the

eye and consequently is not very satis-

factory. One scientist claims that it is

profitable and others claim that it is not,

but admitting that it would be profitable

I believe that it is still more profitable to

use the acidulated rock than it is to use

the raw rock. Here We get available

phosphoric acid which gives immediate

results.



You can keep up the fertility of the soil

by the use of commercial fertilizer. If

you use enough fertilizer you can keep

up the fertility of the soil and increase

it. You can make your land just as rich

as you want to. Commercial fertilizers

contain three essential elements of fer-

tility. Now. if you buy enough of these

and put them into the soil you can in-

crease the crop producing power of your

farms to the maximum.



COLON C. LILLIE.





SIDING AND LATH FOR SILO.





 





 





 





What is the best siding for a silo, eco-

nomically considering. and what second

best? What kind of timber and size

should the lath be? I want to buy the

lumber soon.



Midland Co. .T. H. R.



Where common clapboards, with one

edge thinner than the other, do not fit

nicely around a round silo I think it is

better to take common six—inch pine and

have it cut or split into half-inch pieces

and then do not 13D them but have them

jointed so the edges come close together.

This will keep out all moisture and will

work just as well as clapboards. I

think the best lath is the plaster board

lath where six-inch stuff is grooved to

hold the plaster; but you can make lath

out of any kind of material that you

choose, even common house lath will do,

if it is properly supported by using one

or two wraps of common fence wire be-

tween each door. The dodrs should be

about three feet apart which gives space

to properly reinforce with wire. With

this reinforcement 2x4 studding are just

as good as 2x6 or heavier and there will

be no question about the silo being strong

enough to Withstand the pressure of the





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER. ,‘ m 527





£4!le





 





PORTLAND

CEMENT





 





A Concrete Root Cellar

Is a Money-Saver





The even temperature and dry atmosphere required

in a root cellar can only be maintained by building

of concrete. Rats and mice can not get into it.

Decay and waste are avoided. Concrete root cellars

are also an absolutely safe place to Winter bees.





Build of concrete made of UNIVERSAL Portland Cement and

clean sand, gravel or crushed stone, and you will bu11d once

and for all”. The cost is less in the long run. Repairs, replace-





ments, and fire risks are nothing. Successful farmers are now

making ALL possible improvements with concrete and using UNIVERSAL.

Portland Cement. We will give you instructions, and full particulars for

doing any work you may be considering.



Write for “Concrete in the Country"—a lOO-page book of



farm building helps. It illustrates and describes what





others are doing with concrete and how you can use it

to equal advantage. Sent free anywhere on request.





Address the nearest office of the Company





UNIVERSAL ”Swat?" COMPANY





CHICAGO PITTSBURGH MINNEAPOLIS

72 West Adams St. Frick Building Securlty Bank Buildlng





Annual Dutput 48,000,000 Sacks





 





 





 





FIRST l0 MEN mfil‘u:





In Every Township — Answer I





I want to place 10 Manure Spreaders or more in every township in

the country in the next few months. And that means that

I have to cut my prices to the bone to do it! So the

first ten men or more who answer this from each town-

ship will receive a startling offer on the best Spreader '

'in the world—Galloway’s New No. 5. with Mandt’s New

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them! Why hand over $50 extra to a dealer or agent

when you can buy direct from Galloway? Keep the

money in your pocket and get a belter machine,

My 45-55 bushel Spreader. $39.50—complete with

trucks, $64.75—sent on 30 to 60 days’ free trial—

money back if it doesn’t ._

satisfy

you.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   





 

 





I



0 o n ’ I: W a I t I



Get quick action on this won-

derful offer. Be one of the first from

your township. I have the world beaten on Man-

ure Sproaders—Mandt’s famous new gear and

eleven special patented features that cost you not

one penny extra. My prices to you are less than

your dealer can buy Spreaders for spot cash in car

load lots! Send your name and address on postal

today, and my big offer will go to you at once.





WILLIAM GALLOWAY. Presldent

V'Illlam Galloway Company. 849A Galloway Station.





Waterloo. Iowa F 0 B

JWaterloo





   

 

 





 





 





YES SlR==FOOL PROOF





You know it by the way it. is built.





MMAIR COOLED





Built. like a high grade watch. Wheels in perfect balance. Working

parts iucloscd to keep out dirt. Piston always perfectly clean, can’t

scratch cylinder. Nothing to freeze. The open crank case engine

fills up with dirt and chaff-always makes trouble—loses power—eats

up fuel like sixty. Buy the engine that is fool proof.





Ask for catalog him ay'WlnRCflle





NO' 0' Mme, ICNIOAH. (15A.





 





 





7 Ash

Street.





 





 





 





 





 





 





ensilage.





Write for Free Booklet





   





“How to Raise Calves Cheaply and Successfully Without Mil/e"





Contain. full information and complete feeding directions for using





Blatchford’s— Calf Meal —The Perfect Milk Substitute





Three or four calves can be raised on it at the cost of one where milk is fed.

No mill feed ,Thc only calf meal manufactured m an exclusive Calf Meal Factory

Established at Leicester, England, in IBOO.





BARTLETT G 00., Jackson, Michigan.
traps

Don’t lose pelts by the

animal gerking loose. Get

Sargent Traps,thatclOse

like a flash and hold till

Kingdom Come. They

pay for themselves by

catchm more and hold-

ing all ey catch.





SARGENT





are the choice of the wise boys who’ve

tried ’em all. de oi quickest and

strongest spring steel, jaws with the

right spread and broad faces that don't

break the leg. Single and double spring,

all Sizes, from gophers to

timber wolves.





Your nearest hardware

dealer can get you Sargent

Traps. or write to us.





saaom o comm

1151 Leonard Street, New York





LET us TAN

voun mos.





Cattle or Horse hide, Calf, Dog, Deer.

or any kind of skin with hair or fur on.

We make them soft. light. odorless.

wind. moth and water proof. and make



hem into coats (for men or women).

robesnrugs or gloves when so ordered.



Your fur goods will cost you less than

to buy them. and be worth more. It

will certainly pay you to look into it.



Our illustratedrcatalog gives a lot of,

information. Tells how to take off and

care for hides: how we pay the freight

both ways : about our marvelous brush

dyeing process which is a tremendous .'

advantage to the customer. especially 3 ..

on horse hides and calf skins; about

the goods we sell, taxidermy. etc. but

we never send out this valuable book

except upon request. If you want a

copy send in your correct address.



The Crosby Frisian Fur Company,

571 Lyell Ave., Rochester. N. Y.





runs: RIDES! WO0L!





We want 100.000 skunk hides. We also 33y cash for

all kinds of Furs, BEEF Hides. Horse ides. Wool

and Sheep Hides. We shall be pleased to hear from

you. Write us for prices.



JASPER POTTS

536 Charles Street. Wellsburg. W. Va.





MINERAL

H EAVE.





   

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





leomr ’

lllll lluln





 

 

 





 

   

   

   





Your Horse ., >

set“ to .3” s PACKAGE

or on y . 3

PERMANENT will cure any case or

": money refunded.

BURE SI PACKAGE

cures pgdmary case;i

Postpai on receip

5‘" price. Agents Wanted.





 

 





CERTAI "- ‘ Write for descriptive booklet. »

Mineral Ilnu llomoiiy 60.. 403 fourth Ir... flihbnrzma.





 





 





A





are now in season. They are quickly

eradicated by





Summers’

Worm Powders





Thirty Years’ Popularity: Dead Shot

every time; Largest Bale. 7-lb. pkg..

01.: 3-11). pkg..50c. Oi'ailDruggistsor





F. S. BURCH 8: CO.





64W.lllinols St. Chicagoflll.

Illustrated Catalog of

Btockmen’s Supplies



Free.





1%





MI

S





”’3





be

\ :





’4’.»— —

3g\\\“'””





@‘nin

is‘“





. uni", .





«Kb

{rs-I.“

g.»





”I, 111/,

’11

0' .

,\,’ Iul





\\\\\\\\

st“





/

,1

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in





”I’ll/,1,





\\

l I”,

’lllln/





LIVE STOGK PROFITS





depend upon the feed and care. The teed is of first

importance. Roots have their ,

place in the feeding economy . ;

of every barn and stable.





BANNER BOUT BUTTEBS





re reroots quicker and in bet. -

yer cm for teedin toall kinds . . live

stock than theycan pre' or in z iy

other way. Takes a halt-round ..~hip

out of the root. No slicing, r lblnf‘.‘ or

grindin . Nothing can (:1 else on th “ban- -» ’

ner roogchl 8." Seven sizes for hand or power.

Prices with n easy reach of any man owning any

stock of any kind. Write for book oi: facts.

0. E. THOMPSON a SONS, Ypsilanti, Mlchlm





 





 





   





 

   

 

 





 





FREE to GAS ENGINE OWNERS



Write us and we will tell fin how to

—— overcome your IGNITION 0W.

BOOK! What us explain to you how todouhie





the efficient: of your engine and save

money. MOTSINGER DEVlC Mfg.Co..Mfrs. otignltlon

Specialties, 582 Taylor St,” Lafayette. Indiana. U B A





A. A. PALMER (El SONS.

BELDING. MICH.





The Pioneer Percheron Breeders oi Iichigan

ofler for sale a choice lot of black





Percheron Stallions and Mares





All registered and young, Fifty head to select from.

.—

OR SALE—Just what your boy wants for Christmas.

2 Shetland ony horse colts. 1 black dz white and 1

black. Price each. J. A. Mitter. Btookbridge, Mich.





 





 





 





L LIVE STOCK





‘A





THE INTERNATIONAL.





 





(Continued from first page).

shown by Ben Conley, of Marshall, Mich ,





were first in their class, as were the year—

ling range wethers shown by E. G. Reed,

of Richland, Mich.



The exhibits in the individual fat

classes and breeding classes were a. little

larger than the aggregate last'year and

consisted of 136 horses, 1,150 came”, 1.064

sheep, and 991 swine. a total of 4,385.

Owing to the large number of exhibits it

will be impossible for us to give a. com-

plete list of the awards. We can do lit-

tle more than to give the championship

awards, which are as follows:



Car-lot Grand Championshlps.



Cattlc.—-—Eschcr & Ryan, of Irwin, Is...

on Angus yearlings.



Sheep.-J. Orton Finley, of Oneida, Ill.,

on aged range wethers.



Hogs—Geo. Parnston, Spring Grove,

Minn., on 246-1b. Poland—Chinas, 71/2 mos.

old.



Fat Cattle Championships.



Aberdeen-Angus—University of Ne-

braska, Lincoln, Neb., on Prince of View-





point 2nd, also Angus championship in‘





Shorthorn.—Iowa State College. Ames,

1a., on John Bell.



Hereford—J. P. Cudahy, Kansas City,

Mo., on Clifton lst.



Polled Durham.~—Iowa State College on

Buttonwood Dick. ,



Galloway—Kansas Agricultural College,

Manhattan, Kas., on Harry of Maples.



Red Polled.——A. P. Arp, Eldridge. 1a..

on King.



Grade and Cross-bred—Iowa State Col-

lege, on Victor, also awarded the grand

championship of the show and the grade

and cross-bred championship at the 1910

International.



Fat Hog Championships.

1 Chester White Pen—F. E. Bone, Ava,

11.



Chester White Barrow.—~J. W. Brend—

lcy, Zancsville, Ind.



Berkshire 'l’en and Barrow.——Ohio State

University. Columbus. 0.



Poland—(31111121 Pen—John

Son, New Lenox, 111.



Poland—China llarrow.-10wa State Col-

lege, Ames, Iowa.



Duroc Jersey Pen and Barrow.—Thos.

Johnson & Sons. Camp Chase, 0.



Hampshire Pen—Patterson & Rouse.

Paynes Depot, Ky.



Hampshire Barrow.—R. L. Ballman,

Coal Valley, 111.



Large Yorkshire Pen and Barrow.—

Iowa State College, Amos. Ia.



Tamworth Pen and Barrow.——Adams

Bros., Litchfield, Mich.



Grade Pen and Barrow.——F. E. Bone.



Grand Championship Pen.~—Ohio State

University on Berkshires.



Grand Champion Barrow.——J. W. Brend-

ley. on a pure—bred Chester White March

pig. weighing 350 lbs.



Reserve Grand Champion Barrow.—

Ohio State University on a Berkshire.



Fat Sheep Championships.



Lincoln Wethers.—L. Parkinson, Guelph,

Ont.



Cotswold Wether.——Unlversity of Wy-

oming, Laramie, VVyo.



Leicester Weather—A. W. Whitlaw,

Guelph, Ont. ‘



Oxford Wether. R. J. Stone, Stonlng-

ton, Ill.



Shropshire Wether.—-University of Wis-

consin, Madison, Wis.



,Hampshire Wether.~University of Wyr

0ming. '



’Southdown V’Vether. —

Farm, Beaconsfield, Que. .



Dorset l’i'ether.——W. H. Miner. Chazy,





Francis &





Huntleywood





’g Y.

Cheviot Vi'ether.——Universlty of Wiscon-

sm.



Rambouillet

Wisconsin.



Breeding Cattle Championships.



Shor-thorns.——Grand Champion Bull,

White & Smith. St. Cloud, Minn., on

Ringinaster. Senior champion cow, Ros-

enberger &. Edwards, Titfin, 0.. on Prm-

cess Marshall.



Aberdeen Angus—Grand champion bull,

A. C. Binnie, Alta, 1a., on Kloman. Grand

champion cow, NV. J. Miller, Newton, 121.,

on Barbara VVoodson.



Hereford—Grand champion bull. 0.

Harris, Harris, Mo., on Gay Lad. Grand

champion cow, J. P.~ Cudahy, Kansas

City, Mo., on Scottish Lassie.

swcepstakcs





Wether.—-University of





Polled Durham.—Senior

bull, J. H. Miller, Peru. Ind., on The

Confessor. Senior sweepstakes cow,





Herman C. Miller, Peru, Ind., on VVon-



r r's Violet.

deGglloway.——Senior champion bull, C. S.

Hechtner, Chariton. 121., on Douglas of

Meadow Lawn. Senior champion cow,

Straub Bros., Avoca. Neb., on Ladylike.



Red Polls—Senior champion bull, Frank

Davis & Son, Holbrook. Neb., on Dixon.

Senior champion cow, Geo. Inichen &

Sons, Geneva, Ind., on Cosy.



Breeding Sheep Championships.



Shropshire—Champion ram, Henry L.

VVardwell, Springfield Center, N. Y., on

two-year—old. Champion ewe, Chandler

Bros., Chariton. Ia.



Hampshire—Champion ram and ewe,

V’Valnut Hill Farms, Donevail, Ky.



Cotswold—Champion ram, F. W. Hard-

ing, Waukesha, Wis. on yearling. Cham-

pion ewe, Cooper &' Nephews, Chicago,

Ill., on yearling.



Southdown.—Champion ram, Charles

Leet & Sons, Mantua, 0., on yearling.

Champion ewe, Leet & Sons, on yearling.



Cheviot Champion ram, G. W. Parnell,





 





 





memo-new , FARMBR. ‘v *





 





 





Windgate, Ind., on yearling. Champion

ewe, G. W. Parnell, on yearling.





Dorset.—Champion ram. W. H. Miner,





Chazy, N. Y., on yearling. Champion ewe,

Nash Bros., Tipton, Ind., on yearling.

Oxford—Champion ram, Geo. McKer-

row & Sons, Pewaukee, Wis, on two-year-

old. Champion ewe, McKerrow & Sons,

on yearling.

Leicester.-Champion ram and ewe, A.

W. Smith, Maple Lodge, Ont.

Lincoln—Champion ram, John Lee &

Sons, Highgate, Ont., on two-year-old.

Champion ewe, Lee & Sons, on yearling.

Rambouillet.—Champion ram, . S.

King Bros. Co., Laramie, Wyo. Cham-

pion ewe, L. W. Shaw. Pottersburg, O.





Breeding Swine Championships.





Berkshire—«Grand champion boar, C. A.

Steward, Fox, 111. Grand champion sow,

Everson Bros., Wellington, 0.



Poland-China.—Grand champion boar,

J. E. Meharry, Tolono, 111., on Keen Kut—

ter. Grand champion sow, J. E. Meharry,

on Carnation.



Duroc Jersey—Senior champion boar,

H. E. Browning, Hersmon, 111., on Volun-

teer. Grand champion sow, Ira. Jackson,

Tippecanoe City, 0., on Referee.



Hampshire—«Grand champion boar, Syl-

vester Essig, Tipton, Ind., on Pat Maloy.

Grand champion sow, Mike Sharp & Sons,

Coal Valley. 111.



Chester VVhite.——Grand champion boar,

Adams Bros., thchfield, Mich. Grand

champion sow. F. E. Bone, Ava, Ill.



Tamworth—Grand champion boar and

sew, Arcadia Farm, Columbus, Ga.



Large Yorkshire—Grand champion boar

and sow, B. F. Davidson, Menlo, Ia.





Horse Championships.





Percheron. —Champlon stallion, John

Crouch & Son. Lafayette, Ind., on Impre-

cation. Champion mare, Dunhams,

\\'ayne, 111., on Castillo.



Clydesdale—Senior champion American

bred stallion, Conyngham Bros., Wilkes-

harre, Pa., on Fisk Prince. Senior cham~

pion mare, R. A. Fairbairn, New Market,

New Jersey.



Shire—Champion stallion,

Pioneer Stud Farm, Bushnell, Ind., on

Royal Grey. Champion mare, Geo. M.

McCray, Fithian, 111., on Coldham Sur-

prise.



Suffolk.~—Champion stallion, Fred W.

Okie, Marshall, Va., on Ashmore Luther.

(.‘hamplon mare, Fred W. Okie, on Shad-

bourne Ruby.



German Coach.——Champion stallion, J.

Crouch & Son, Lafayette, Ind., on Minna.

Champion mare, J. Crouch & Son, on

Friefrau.





Truman’s





Breeders’ Meetings.



National Society—«The National Society

of Record Associations went on record

as opposed to government control of rec-

0rd associations. This society was or-

ganized one year ago for the purpose of





co-ordinating the various-pure-bred rec- .





ord associations. their-.mutpai etit.

Much progress 'nt‘l'g‘b... m. un'by ‘50-

ciety in the. collection of on", be used





in negotiating with ragga " ~ "

more equitable rates on sEimefirs ‘c!

pure~bred live stock. This work is in

charge of Secretary Wayne WORM

Chicago.



Percheron Society of American—About

800 members were present at the annual

meeting of Percheron breeders. Four

directors were elected by acclamation.

All records for gain in membership were

broken last year, when new members

were added to the number of 1,079, none

of whom had previously held membership

in the organization. The society now has

outstanding 4,174 shares of stock in the

hands of 3,979 individual breeders.



Shire Breeders’ and Importers’ Asso-

ciation—The election of officers resulted

as follows: Pres, J. G. Truman, Bush-

nell, 111.; vice—pres, Joseph Watson, Lin-

coln, Neb.; sec., Chas. Burgess, Winona,

111.; trees, Edward Hobson, Clifton, Ill.

Fifty-six new members were reported.

There is a liberal balance in the treasury

and appropriations for state fairs and

expositions exceeded those of any former

your.



Clydesdale Breeders’ Association—Pres.

A. Galbraith was re—elected president over

his protest that he desired to retire from

the ollice. Likewise \V. L. Houser was

re—elected vice-president by acclamation,

as was Sec-’l‘rcas. R. B. Ogilvie. There

was little business to transact, but the

meeting was most harmonious. .



American Belgian Brecders’ Associa—

tion. The annual election of officers re—

sulted as follows: Pres, Henry Wolf, of

Wabash. 1nd,; vice—pres, George Crouch,

Lafayette, 11111.; sec-treas, .l._L). Conner,

Wabash, Ind. Much matter of general

interest to tile association was discussed

and disposed of.



American Shot-thorn Breeders’ Associa-

tion.~—-J. \\‘. McDonald, Kahoka, Mo., was

elected to the board of directors to sue-

ceed H C. Duncan. Abram Renick was

re-eleeted and Reid Campbell, Mansfield,

Ohio, was elected to succeed W. 1. Wood.

The secretary’s report showed that the

general tone of the business of the Short-

horn association has been fairly favor-

able the last year. ,



Aberdeen-Angus Breeders' Association.

—At the annual meeting on December 6,

ofl‘lcers were elected as follows: Pres,

Stanley R. Pierce, Creston, 111.; vice-

pres., H. J. Hess, VVatei-loo, 1a.; secre-

tary, Chas. Gray, Chicago. This asso-

ciation has added 872 new members in

the past four years.



Polled Durham Breeders’ Association.—

Officers elected: Pres, Oscar Handley,

Plalnfield, Ind; directors, J. W. Newton,

Versailles, Ky.. and Walter Slade, Ful-

ton, S. D. It was voted to duplicate pre—

mium appropriations of 1911 for next year

and add the Sedalia, Mo., fair to the

former list.



American Berkshire Breeders’ Associa-

tion—At the directors' meeting .the fol—

lowing officers'were elected: Pres, Chas.

F. Curtis, Ames, 1a.; vice—pres, A. J.

Lovejoy, Roscoe. Ill.; sec., Frank Spring-

er, Springfield, 111.; treas., D. W. Smith,





 





 





Can Feel Safe





when driving home at night

if you use a Rayo road

lantern.



Its strong, white light "re-

veals the road ahead; the

ruby disc in the reflector is

a warning in the rear.



It is attached to the vehicle by a

simple bracket. Lift it off, and you

have a first-class hand lantern.



Rayo lanterns are made in nu-

merous‘ styles, sizes and finishes.

They are the strongest and most

reliable you can find,

and will not blow

or jar out.





All Raye lanterns are

equipped with selected Rsyo

globes, clear, red or green, as

desired. Wicks inserted in

burners, ready to light.



Dealers everywhere ;. or

write for descriptive circular

direct to any agency of the





Standard Oil Company





( Incorporated )





»A|.|._|_0N8





A fine lot of





 





 





 





 





 





 





tenuous and Belgians





with plenty, of





Bone, Quality, 81on and Action.





Good Ones, the drafiy kind. at. prices which

defy competition. Write us for particulars.





GEO.W.SOUERS& SONS,





Huntington, lndiana.





DUNHAM’S





PERGHERONS





Our summer importation, in our estimation

the best lot of horses we have ever had at

Oaklawn. has arrived. Numerous impor-

tant prize-winners are included, then the

high average is the main thing, as every

animal would be a credit in any herd. lrlio us,





IlllNllAMS, Wayne, lllinois.





 





B E L L S '

DRAFT STALLIONS





Percheron, Shire and

Belgian Sfalllons





At reasonable prices.

Writeuswhat you need. .





BE". “08., Wooster, Ohio.





100 Head Belgian & Percheron





Stallions and Mares.





Direct. from broe 'ug farms of Belgiun and France.

all highsclass draiit stock with quality and size.

Amkng them are many European prize-winners.

If you are in the market for a stallion or mare it

will be to your advantage to see our horses and t

our price. We will sell you abetter horse or

1'ss money than anyone else. We arantee

every horse and back up our nan-angle. Don't

fall to see our stock before you uy. Send for our

catalog and Government Book on the care of hers-s.





LOESER BROS.. Box 3. ngonler, Ind.





JACKS and MULES





Boise mules and get rich. 18

Jack and mule form under

one man ement, where can

be seen head fine in



Jacks. Jennets and mules. 4

to 17 hands high. Good ones.

Stock. guaranteed. Write

for prices today. Address





Krekler’s Jack Farm

West Elkton. Ohio

Branch Bun-Clinton, Indiana





 





 





 





(Continued on page 543).





 





 





 

 

 





 





 





 





Mm

a.“ . _,.,





has
DEC. 16, 19.”





FEEDINeF‘oR A coon LAMBCROP.



Success with bred ewes at lambing and

throughout the‘suckllng period depends

quite largely on the care and feed they

receiVe during pregnancy. Ewes poorly

nourished while carrying their unborn

young, not only fail to perform well .the

work expected of them, but also fall



'short of transmitting to their progeny



strong and desirable characteristics. To

attain the highest success in handling

breeding stock of any kind, attention

must be directed to keep in constant

harmony with the object in view. Breed-

ing is governed by certain fixed laws,

which, if carefully studied and followed,

can be turned to splendid account. Neg-

lect is a potent evil always manifesting

its effect when conditions are most criti-

cal. There is no such thing as "good

luck" in sheep husbandry. Results, fav-

orable or unfavorable, are the products

of unalterable and unrevealed laws.



The flock owner who is desirous of hav-

ing a high per cent of strong, vigorous

lambs dropped next spring should be

mindful of the vital importance of feed—

ing the ewes well during the winter

months. Properly stored and wholesome

feed is an essential requisite. Moldy

roughage or grain should never be fed

to pregnant animals of any kind. On

account of the wet weather a large por-

tion of the bean crop was injured last

fall. Thousands of farmers in this state

depend on their bean fodder for winter

feed for their sheep, but unless great

precaution is exercised to properly com-

pound it into the roughage ration it will

prove very dear feed for the flock. Bean

fodder is one of the best and most nutri-

tious roughages grown on Michigan

farms for feeding pregnant ewes when

the crop has been properly harvested,

but in case the crop got wet several times





 





is followed it ought not be difficult to

supply a wide range of roughage to the

eWes. There is no roughage grown on

the farm but what, if properly harvested

and stored, can be fed bred ewes with

entire safety as a part of the daily ra-

tion'. No matter how good the roughage

may be, sheep highly relish a change

even though it be less nutritious. When

clover hay is being fed twice daily to

bred ewes corn stover and cat, pea or

barley straw can be very profitably fed

at noon. Timothy hay should not be fed

bred ewes as it is too low in protein.

Redtop hay, if out at the right time and

properly cured, may be fed in moderate

amounts. .



A most important condition in feeding

unborn lambs is to supply the ewes With

some kind of succulent food during the

winter months. Roots, of course, are ex-

cellent, but few flock owners can afford

them at the present price of farm labor.

Ensilage is an excellent substitute and

when properly compounded into the daily

ration will answer all purposes. When

roots or ensilage are not available the

flock owner has a difficult problem to

solve. Permitting the flock to roam the

meadow fields when the snow is not t00

deep is a means that can be practiced

as the last resort and will greatly assist

in satisfying the appetite of the ewes.

Every flock owner should be mindful of

succulent food for the flock during Winter

and make necessary preparation.



It is imprudent in feeding unborn lambs

to carry the ewes along without a light

grain ration. Regardless of the nutritious

value of the roughage it is not difficult to

supply the need of the ewes at this par—

ticular time. A light grain ration sup-

plied as soon as the ewes are taken off

the pasture has a healthful influence in

getting the ewes started right and much

trouble may be averted late. It is un-





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





We have recently organized a co-opera-

the cattle breeders’. association nere,

and I am wondering if the fact will

not result indirectly in the breeding of

better hogs as well. I have been watch-

ing, of late, the progeny of a single sire

and have gathered some evidence con-

firming the individual merit in this ani-

mal., One bunch of eight pigs, marketed

at the age of 160 days, dressed an aver-

age of 180 lbs. Another litter did nearly

or quite as well and a litter of pure-bred

pigs grown for breeding purposes, and

consequently fed a moderate ration, (only

three pounds of grain per day each, when

the pigs were from four to five months

01(1),.made an average gain of a little

more than a pound per day. We regret

to say that the animal mentioned can

not be kept longer in the community.

He is a. noble fellow, weighing about 750

lbs., but his usefulness is past.



The care of a bunch of pigs is a very

important matter when profits are con—

sidered. The animals should be provided

with a dry, well ventilated place to

sleep, which should be made warm dur-

ing the cold weather. Pigs can be grown

as cheaply in the winter as in the sum-

mer, if other conditions are right.



Exercise is always important, but it is

indispensable in the winter. The pigs

should slecp warm and dry but they must

exercise during the day. Anything rea—

sonable that will compel them to work

is right.



Much has been said of middlings as a

food for young pigs, and it is good with-

out question, but the price is apt to be

high. The necessity for middlings de-

pends largely upon the other fceds that

are obtainable. If there is plenty of

skim-milk, the demand for protein is

supplied in large measure, and corn meal

or soaked corn may be given the young

pigs without fear of any bad results.





 





Horses on E. F. Chapin’s Sunny Hill Farm, Osceola





during the curing‘period and was im-

properly stored, it is a very dangerous

feed for bred ewes.



Feeding unborn lambs should begin as

soon as the ewes are bred. No time

should be lost in getting the ewes into

good flesh condition. In the fall the ewes

that have been nursing all summer are

generally in low flesh. Ewes that milk

freely are invariably well nigh reduced

to the limit and, unless given the best of

attention, can not possibly drop lambs of

high vitality. The time to prepare bred

ewes for the purpose for which they are

maintained is during the winter season

when other farm work is not pressing.

Plenty of corn should be allowed at the

feed troughs and racks so that each ani-

mal will be able to secure its share of

feed. Crowding is productive of serious

trouble' that always manifests itself

either at lambing time or during the

fore part of the suckling period. When

a large flock of ewes are allowed to run

together during the grazing season they

should be grouped into smaller numbers

during the winter. If the flock can be

reduced to groups of 20 ewes each they

will do much better than where 40 or 60

are yarded together.



It is essential in feeding ,unborn lambs

to compound the ration for the ewes with

as much variety of coarse feed as pos-

sible. Sheep are not only great- lovers of

variety of feed, but they do much better

when given a frequent change of diet.

On the farm where a rotation of crops





 





Co.,





wise to attempt to carry bred ewes along,

expecting to feed heavier toward spring

when the lambs begin to come. In all

probability poor, weak lambs will be the

result. A light grain ration compound-

ed from corn, oats, bran and a little oil

meal will prove a big profit maker.

Shiawassee C0. LEO C. REYNOLDS.





PROFITABLE PORK MAKING.



The man who keeps a good herd of

cows will usually find his profits sub—

stantially increased by a good bunch of

hogs properly fed and cared for. The

profits in pork making come almost

naturally to the man who keeps cows,

providing the hogs are right and the man

does his part. It is to be doubted, how—

ever, whcther either condition is a fact

in many instances. We are too careless

about the breeding of our hogs. Of course

almost any pig, if he lives will grow into

a quantity of pork, greater or less, after

a while. But if we are to get the most

out of the hog business, we want the

right animal at the beginning. There

are three or four breeds of hogs, among

which I should not have much choice.

The desirable thing is to procure good

individuals of some good breed.



Crosses of some of the good breeds

produce excellent pigs for feeding. But

the breeding stock shouldrbe kept pure.

It is a great advantage to any commu—

nity when one or more individuals give

attention to this matter of hog breeding.





 





Mich.—-Brood Mare Nellie,





at extreme and





11 Years Old,

Five of her Progeny whOSe Ages range from 4I/2 years down to 7 months.





\Vheat

are excellent for pigs or hogs of any age.





left,





flake siftings and corn flake feed





the quantity of this feed is



it can usually be obtained

at a fair price. Beans have been greatly

damaged this fall, during the inclement

weather, and there will be a great many

cull beans for sale at the warehouses,

without doubt.



It looks as though this would be an op-

portunity for those who are producing

Winter pork. It is, however, a mistake

to food beans, alone. They should be

cooked, and with corn or some other

grain. Beans and small potatoes cooked

and fed together make cxcellcnt feed for

pigs. The price of pork is still good. It

would seem that it will remain so for a

little time at least, and we should make

the most of our opportunity during the

coming winter.



Oceana Co.





Of course,

limitcd, but





W. F. TAYLOR.





 





J. H. Starr, of Missouri, one of the

largest sheep feeders in that region, says

that while he and his brother fed 15,000

sheep and lambs last winter, they will

feed only half that number this winter,

and he believes that is about the propor-

tion that will be fattened by most feed-

ers. Mr. Starr says that while feeding

lambs have been bought for a trifle more

than $1 per 100 pounds lower than a

year ago, corn has been selling about 15

cents per bushel higher than then. He

adds: “The run of sheep this fall from

the ranges was very heavy. The lambs

came so fast and in such good condition

that packers could use them, and did

take most of them.





 

 

 





 

   





Wat-ranted la Elva Satisfaction.





Ganrbault’s .

‘Gausllc Balsam





Has lmitoiors But no competitors.





A Safe, Speedy and Positive Cure for

Curb, S lint. Sweeny, Capped Hock,

Straine Tendons, Founder, Wind

Puffs, and all lameness from Spavin,

Ringbone and other bon tumors.

Cures all skin diseases or arasites,

Thrush, Diphtheria. Removes all

Bunches from Horses or Cattle.



As a. Human Remed for Rh '

8 rains, Sore Throat, %tc-9 “7 is ielil'ilfiltéllfl'.

‘very bottle of Caustic Balsam sold is



Warranted to give sntisiaction. Price $1.50



per bottle. Sold by druggists or sent by ex-



press, charges paid, with full directions for

its use. (E’Send for descriptive circulars,

testimonials, etc. Address





the Lawrence-Williams 00., Cleveland. 0.





 





 





 

 

 





Horse-Trainer’s Prospectus

Beery, King of Horse Trainers



and controlling bulky, tricky, scary, vicious

for a profession that pays $1 .200 to $3,000 a year

money as professional



derful system.



not, tnkc $500 for what you 8 Hours!

(in automobile solcly through earnings as taught. by

working a, pair of horses that. cleaned out. several dif-

them for $110.‘



horsc. Address





PI'Of. BEOI'Y S Grand

Every horse owner should

get this book from Prof. Jesse '

and Horse Tamers. All who I

love horses should learn the secret of subduing

horses without the use of whips, curb bits and

other cruel devices. Every man who is looking

at home or traveling should learn how

hundreds are making big

Horse Trainers with the

aid of Prof. Decry’s won- .

Tram

Emmett Vleito, of Knlo- a Colt In

nu, Iowa, writcs: “I would

have taught. mo. You may judge of my success when

I tell you thnt I have liccn able to buy a homo and.

your excellent methods. I am proud of my profession.”

A. L. Dickenson, Friendship, N. Y., writes: “I am

furent men. I got them and gave them a few lessons

and have been, offered $400 for the pair. I bought.

Better write today to make sure of the and free

Horse-Trainer's Prospectus. Tell me all gout your

[23]

PROF. JESSE BEERY, Box42A PLEASANT HILL, OHIO





 





 





 





 





   

 





.', y...





w a» a,

SAVE-THE-BOBSE ' 00K is an ency-

clopedia of practical and complete references. It is

the latest, most reliable and hi heat. authority. It: is

aoientiiio but not technical. ‘nkes in every scope

and character of diseases causing lameness.



’l‘obiu ‘lebr.. June 4th, 1911.

Troy Chemical Co., Binghamlon, Y.—A year and I half

ago i had a bottle of your spawn remedy. I cured my bone

with it and then gave what I had left of it to a friend who had

a mule With a spawn. which veterinarians had failed to cure.

My friend today says, “ It's certainly a sure cure." Find “.00

for another bottle. Very truly, Taro. ‘Rnonn.

.. When discriminating. cautious, hard-headed bank.

are farmers and business men write for information





and then select “ Save-the-Horse ” from the mass of

remedies presented, and these are the kind of men

EXPERT ADVICE FREE Describe case. We'll Idvin

frankly and clearly what to do.

$5 nently cure Bone and Don Spain, thoroughpm. Imulu.

(except low), Curb. Splint. Clppafl Noel. Wmdpun. Slut



or loss of hair. Horse works as usual.



55 II all linguist: or null-r: no! hprus hid.





our testimonials are from. is there need to ask why ?



a bottle, with a contract to absolutely and permu-

loil, Inland loudons Ind all lumen-u or nluud lbs Illlnl’, No [cu

TROY CHEMICAL C' 20 Commercial Ave" Blnghlmlon. I. 1.,





 

 

 

 





 





Mc Mahon’s

Absorbent





Has No Equal for Cure of





injured tendons, bone-

spavin, curbs, splints,

‘ ringbone, sidebone,

thoroughpin, bog—





 

 





money back if

it fails. Mail $1.00 for this

great remedy today





CHICAGO VETERINARY MEDICAL 00.

2410 Calumet Av” Chm-30.1".





”Live Stock





Every owner can now get free

Dr. David R oberts Practical

Home Veterinarian. 184 pgbook.

reg. price $1. Posts you on ailments

and symptoms, enables you to treat dis-

eases of all animals. Call for it at

your drug store. If not there, send me

for postage and receive a copy dir80t





Dr. David Roberts Veterinary Co”

964‘ Grand Ave“ Walkeoha. Win





spavin, windpuffs





 

 

 

 

 

 





and other en-





 





largements.





 





 





ALWAYS mention the MICHIGAN FARM“





 





when vou are writing to advertisers.
Advice through this department is tree

to our on Etc honcommnnieati

writ 1r. Initials only will be published.

Many queries are answered that apply to

case in full; also name and address of

should state history and symptoms of the

the same ailments. this column is

watched carefully you will bly find

the desired information in a reply that

has been made to some one else. When

rely by mail is requested, it becomes

p vate practice, and a tee of $1.00 must

accompany the letter.





 





Worms—I would like to know what

causes horses to become wormy. My

horses have been treated for worms by

our veterinary surgeon and they are still

passing worms. I have also given differ-

ent kinds of advertised worm remedies

without results. Reader.——-If you have giv-

on other vermicides and the animal is not

a mare in foal, give 6 drs. aloes, 1 dr.

santonin, % dr. calomel and 2 drs. gen-

tian at a dose, one dose only. Horses

become wormy by eating food or drink-

ing water that contains worm embryo.

Kindly understand that as a horse has 90

feet of bowels, there are many hiding

places for small worms or their eggs and

if the food or water is infected it may

take some time to get rid of most of the

worms. Salt your horses well and keep

their bowels open.





Thin Mare—Six months ago I bought

a six~year-old mare that is a free travel-

er, but she was thin and has never gain-

ed in flesh and I would like to know how

to put her in condition. Have had teeth

floated, but it failed to improve her. She

perspires too easily and freely. J. W.

\V., Brooklyn, Mich.~Clip her, give her

6 drs. aloes, 1 dr. santonin, 1,4; dr. calo—

mel, and 2 drs. ginger, all at one dose

and one dose only. Also mix together

equal parts ginger, gentian, tenugreek,

cinchona, rosin and nux vomica and give

her~ 2 tablespoonfuls at a dose in feed

two or three times a day. Her food

should be well salted and she should be

led some roots.



Indigestion and Out of Condition—My

mare, eight years old, is very much out

of condition and her mate on same food

allowance is fleshy. Her kidneys are out

of order, she has trouble passing water.

E. M., Chesaning, Mich—Her teeth should

be examined; if too sharp and uneven,

float off edges of outside of upper rows

and inside of lower. Give 1 oz. fluid ex-

tract buch‘u at a dose in feed three times





a day; this medicine is a good kidney

remedy. Also give 1 oz. ground gentian

and 1 dr. ground nux vomica at a dose





in feed three times a day. Groom her





well twice daily.



Feeding Molasses to Brood Mares.—

\‘Vould feeding molasses to pregnant

mares and cows have a tendency to cause

them to abort and if fed to them, is three

pints dissolved in seven quarts of water

too much. C. A. W’., Memphis, Mich.-~

Feeding molasses has a laxative effect

and if it produces too much bowel action

on certain animals that are advanced in

pregnancy it might bring on a miscar-

riage. Feeding it in small quantities

twice daily will have a good effect.





Thin Milk—Have a two-year-old heifer

that will be due to come fresh in a few

days; her bag is filled with watery milk

and I would like to know what should be

done for such a case. E. A... Sherwood,

Mich.—She needs no medicine. As soon

as she comes fresh her milk will become

normal.



Weakness—Blood Poison—My sow far-

rowed some two months ago, at Which

time her seven pigs died. She gave but

little milk and has kept in poor condition

ever since. .l. R., Newaygo, Mich.~——Mix

together equal parts sulphate iron, gen-

tian, ginger, charcoal and bi-carbonate

of soda and give sow a teaspoonful at a

dose in feed three times a day.



Rheumatism. —I have a. bunch of hogs

that I am feeding on corn which seem to

be weak on hind legs They suddenly

lost appetite and soon began to show

weakness. Have been giving them stock

food and red pepper. J. H. McD., Water-

vliet, Mich—You fed them too much

corn and not enough other food. Feed

them some air-slaked lime, oats, oil meal

and roots. Keep them dry, clean and

warm. If they are able to walk give

them some exercise.



Swine Plagues—«Have several hogs that

were born July 1, which will weigh 125

lbs. each, that took sick some two weeks

ago; one died, others will die soon. None

of them have recovered. Symptoms are

loss of appetite, chills, diarrhoea, breath

offensive, walk with tottering gait, lose

Ilesh rapidly, some froth at mouth and

nose. I opened the one that died, and

found left lung diseased, some watery

fluid in chest, spleen black and inflamed.

and I forgot to state that the skin was

covered with red spots that seemed to

mortify. I should have examined his in—

wards more carefully.

ails them? E. C. D.. Marcellus, Mich.—

Your hogs suffer from either lung fever

or swine plague and I advise you to call

a Vet. to examine them at once. Per-

haps kill a sick one and look into him is

the quickest and best way to find out

what ails them.





Rheumatism.——About two months ago

our cows broke out of pasture and re-

mained out over night; some time later

one of them stiffened, but in a few days

recovered, and a little later another one

showed stiffness and this one remained

somewhat stiffened Her appetite is good

but she seldom lies down. G. E. N..

Bellaire, Mich—Give your cow 2 dis.

salicylate of soda, 1 dr. powdered colchi-

cum seed and a dessertspoonful pew-





dered nitrate potash at a dose in feed

two or three times a day.





 





What do you think .





 





The only all steel tongueless disc made.

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pass over uneven places and stones without

disturbing balance. Double levers—each

section works independently. Adjustable

hold-downs enable you to regulate depth of

out. Disc sections do not strike together

End thrust taken up by hard maple ring





 

 

 





Sold Direct, From Factory, With Hitch Free





bearing. Only barrow with steel separators between





AMERICAN HARROW COMPANY , 1020 Hastings semen-annual.





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See the standards of barrow value. Compare others with ours! Note liberal terms we offer—



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Mail Postal! plains the above and





many other features. De'troit-Americ -

All Steel barrows are made in sixteen

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est values in manure Spreaders, en-

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Get our big book which fully ex-





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 





 

 

   

 

 

 

 

   

   





 





 

 





 





Ann Arbor Steel Ha Press.

For sale— nearly new, 12 H. . Por-

table Garoline E i.ne Will sell rose or 6 inc

alone, oheapJ WIL ALLEN. R. No., Howell,





WSHITEI Holland Turkeys—Firstvéirize 40-lb tom at

head of flkoo Also pure bred him Wyandottes.

.Whitbeck. “The Elms," Montague. Mich.





BREEDERS’ DIRECTORY.

CATTLE.





ABERDEEN-AN GUS





Herd, consisting of Trojan Ericas Blackbirds and

Prides. only.ls erton W. a Trojan Erica.

by Black Woodlawn, sire of a Grand Chm ion. steer

and bull at the International in Chi csgo,



He is assisted by Undulata Blackbird Ito

WOODCOTE STOCK FARM. Ionla. Mich.





AYRSHIREs-One .. ....m... ......

breeds: you bulls

and bullcslvesfor sale. Berkshire swine. Pou try. All

pure bred. Michigan School for Deaf. Flint. Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





eight months old. Adv. ll An-

Guemsey BIL“, cestors have large rule: and

butter records. .WIGENT. Watervliet, Mich.





“Top-Notch” HOLSTEINS.





A fine young hull from an Advanced Registry (13%





 





Cornucopia Pieter’je Prince No. 78954.11 born Jan.



1911. Sire; ‘Willowbridge Bos, who isa grandson



Bounty Pietertio who has an official record of 3151

lbs. butter in 7111118 and was the first. ill—Lb cow 0!

the breed to produce a 30 lb. daughter. Dam: Abbie

Wayne Cornumpin. DeKol 211. who has an omclal

record 661“ 3 more 3 months old as follows: —Mllk,

1 day, 66.2 lbs. , milk 7 days. 451. A lbs; butter, 7 days.

18.69 lbs. She gave '11163 lbs. milk in 313 days at 3 years

old and 11167 lbs. in 277 days at 4 years old. Her sire

has 511 per cent. of the blood of Grace Fayne Zd’s

Homestead who has an official record of 35.55 lbs.

butter in 7 days. His first. six dams have official

records that average over 21 lbs. butter in 7 days. He

comes from large producers on both sides. isa fine

ilpdividusl, about evenly marked. Weight. 650]



r1

McPHERSON FARMS (30.. Howell. Mich.





' 1 month to 1 your old. Their sire is

"(”3th Bun. of the recent mostpo polar adver-

tised brooding. ROBI CARR. Fowlerville, Mich.





lDld Not Sell 20 Holstein Bulls In Nov.

| Want to Finish the Job In December.





Send for my Dec. Announcement. Select a

bull from it. order him QUICK. Several from

A. R. 0. dams, and sired by Johanna Concordia

Champion, the only bull in service whose grand

dams average 34.06 lbs. hbutter in 7 days. Also

yearling heifers bred toh im.



Fayette, Ohio.





L. E. CORNELL, -





HOLSTEIN BULLS





FOR SALE





Registered bulls from four to ten months old for

sale that are closely related to Hengerveld

De K01, De Kols 2nd Butter Boy 3rd. and Colan-



tlia 4th‘ 3 Johanna. The dams are heavy milkers

land mostly in the A. R. 0. Prices reasonable.

. Sendior list. Blgelow’sliolsiein Pam. Breedsvillaflicll.





, 1101315111 11111122" 2.28%: 222.222.21.25 ”22112





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





’ good dam. C. ILB WOODBU Y. Lansing. lab.

1 —S is] P can on young

1 Holstein-Friewsian Baillie 1.5112 ......l‘ma. 1.. ser.

1 vice. .13. JONES. Oak Grove. Mich.





born Nov. 29.1910 good breeding, for sale

1m! “III, at IT in. For particulars and rice

address 0. A. AG ETT. R. No.1. Caro. ich.





from 2 to 12 months. grand acne of

Home“. Buns Hanger-weld De Roi. King 8 is.

King Veeman De K01, and King of the Hengervel

all mm grand old dams icea very low. .breedin a

considered. Long Beach Holstein Pam, Augusta, Mich.





 





0- II c- SW'NE—Hy hm! goofim





strain both males s_nd females. Write for Live and





Live Jprice on' in and trioe. notnk in.

R. No. 2. Dorr. Michigan.





A.J 011110.

0.1. C’s For 13,32, my... "W figm’





akin, some fine bred l obol cc lot of xItaly’plcannt all

ages. OTTO B. S L Nashville. Michigan.





 





 





RBALE—S yearlinfiwfi olstein- Friesian bulls. also



bred heifers 150 to! each. Bull calves 94060 60560.



33 years 3W bree or Photos and i on appli.

cation. W..O J sckson, South Bond. ..719 Box 8t-





BUTTER BRED ”WERE“





- CRYSTAL SPRING STOCK FARM.

Sher Creek. Allegan County. Michigan.





Jersey Bull Call [or Salri‘fi; Becifigfghcg





St. Lambert bull. Dam in. Register of Merit, one full

sister and ei ht half sisters R ister of Merit animals.

VVATERMA & WATEBMA .Ann Arbor, Mich.





JERSEY BULLS FDR SALE





Sired by 'l‘emisia' e Interested Prince 71648, whose dam

made 733 lbs. butter in one \ear. authenticated test.

Choice individuals. Prices Reasonable.





BBDDKWATEB FARM, All ARBOR, MIMI" ll. F. D. 7.

Red Polled Bull Calves





Sta 7 months 0111'. “$40 toSBO .50. CowaSfiO to .75. Also

Percheron lion 3 cars OldO flne style, a big

bargain at. 32308.“ E. BRAC ETT'QBC N. Allegsn, Mich_





FOR SAL E—g’gfil‘sllnl” BED ‘POLLECE

if taken now. J. M. CHASE it SONSco Ionla, Mich



Dairy Bred Shortliorns“1‘°' “M 5%‘53”... ‘2’

Cashcr good note. J. B. EUIIM e . .ri‘ik’mi. fiioh.





Choice Yearling Shortliors Bull £15332:





ticulsrs write to Meyer Broa, B. No. 7, Howell, Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





SHEEP.

CIDICE DELAINE RAMS $3 166$;ng





Also bred ewes. S. H. SANDERS, Ashtabuls, Ohio.





Oxford Down Slice ‘Gmllmlfgmfir 51‘...“ a”

forsale. I. R. WATERB RY. Highllnd. Michigan.





“I'm Ewes—Registered and bred to imported rams

for sale at farm ces. Address

B. F. Miller or GEO. LSplllane, flint, Michigan.





' —Good ones at fsrmers'

Rambomllci Rams ...... A]... ...... ...... ......

lambs. A. E. GREEN. Orchard Lake, Mich. Bell phone.





Reg. Rambouillets‘lléél‘ all





both sexes. All ages low rice. Farm—294 milesE.

nonioe.ono....rnhan M..U ...AJQ .coox.





- SHROPSHIRES.





Fifty registered ewes. bred to choice imported rams.

for 831E? at farmers' prices Must reducec flock.

J E. OTTAWAY 81 00.. Flushing.





 





 





 





 





 





 





of xi t t. and breed-

0.1.0. SWInem.dVlV1-ilgeyour wants.

OTIS GBEENMAN. R.“ Bollevuc. Mich.





 





O I. O. ’s-Boars all sold. Choice young sows weigh-

. lng 180. alsofio Au. pigs, either sex. pairs

no skin. Order early. red Niche Monroe, Mich. ,R. l.





OI . C—Bprlng boars all sold. A few lengthy

e 1.6 be bred for A ril furrow. Choice Aug. ill

pigs. cheap. A. NE MANJI R..N0 1, Marietta. Mich.





o I. c Choice Boavsnnd Gilts. April. Aug. sndBept.

v furrows. Registered free‘ in purchaser' s name.

Glenwood Stock Farm, Zeelund, Mich Phone 94.





 





 





 





OUR Imp. Chester Whites and Tamworth swine “on

245 lat at Fairs' in 1911. Service boars, also sows bred

for spring [arrow of either breed that. will please you

in quality and price, Adams Bros.. Litchiield. Mich.





-Youn breeders ofM rcli, A 'l

Improved Cheaters ....1 air... 1...... enithe'r $1

At ow tried sows for sale when bred. Also Holstein

cattle W.O ”WILSON Okemos, Mich. Both phones.





ounoc Jsassvs—Noghggepg





cut. CAREY U. EDMONDS. Hastings, Mich.





DURDC JERSEYS FDR SALE-filfblloeym





JOHN McNICOLL. R. No. 1, North Star, Mich.





Dosooogmssv 130111301311. was a eavIuIne

ype .n I. w

for sale. M I. on .uOkemos, (.IuhulmOom 1311“





FOR SALE’”""°§EL“1§£XP. W ”2::

pre- prepaid. J. 1133 7311141171? LansinguMlchi





30 High Class Boar: $333,213,112; “ .....‘





of growth. style and finish. Satiatscti ion suntan

Come or write. J. C. BARN“ REY. Goldwater. Mich





LARGE TYPE P c ~Largeat in Michigan. Pins

0 0 from mammoth sires and

sows. Weigh 100m 175 lbs. ati months. My motto-

“Not how cheap but how Will pa ex~

penses of those who come on do not find w at I

advertise. E,LIVINGSTON Pal-ms, Mich.





1111111111 1111 1111 1111111111111111111sm ....





qualit

1.1. m1 boar-anus- mo. rinsp 3111101153150“ 1

a sac 50mistered Bgmbuic.kstat310tom91li-fl,6p 3”

Jersey bull-m “who 85.601191! Shrop ewes at :10.

are the farmer's friend. J. utler. Portland. Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





' -Sprina and [all pl of is d

Pflllflll chm“ medium style. atxi t summit.

sex. E. D. BISHOP, Route 38.9.11, Mich

—Thoro bred Poland Obi S i

For sale Prise floors at Sta teanldaoglnli‘tey

Fairs. .r. QUIRK. Bistplds. Michigan.

GLAND CHINAS ,—-l!ome of Ilehigan' s Grand Champion





 





 





lire; they' re p1iced righth .J. MATHEWSON, Nottews. Rich.





—-E t

Poland Chinas Minestrone:

L. W. BARNESA SON, Byron, Shiawasseeoo“ Mich





 





 





MAPLE RIDG E SHROPSHIBEB—Forsale the imp

mm '1‘ heM nnager, and curling rams and ewes

sired by this noted ram. H. tewart, Lennon, Mich





SDRDPSDIRE l‘iflftfwgw ’8?"1.l1‘1“i‘ali.§lzm°;i‘i'ét





C. J. THOMPSO SON. Rockford.Mi





 





Purebred Registered

H OL'STE IN CATTLE





l The Greatest Dairy Breed

Semi for FREE Illustrated Booklets.

Holstein-Frieda!» A330» Box 164. Brattlohoro.Vt-





EGIBTERED JERSEYS For Bale-Some ccmbln.

ing the blood of St Louis and Chicago WcMrldhs

Fair Champions by HERMAN HARMB. Reese.





Jersey Bull Bali





Dropped Dec. 5. 1910.

Sire, Marston’s interested Prince





Has three daughters in Register of Merit with

yearly records.



He is ason of Imported Interested Prince. 18

daughters in Register of Merit.



Dam Is No. 773 Register of Merit 11, 115

lbs. Milk, 511 lbs. Butter Fat, equal

to 602 lbs. Butter In one year. 56 lbs.

milk In one day.





Winner in Show Ring, also Competitive Dairy

Test, Michigan State Fair. For price address





T. F. MARSTON,

Box L, Bay City, Michigan.





LILLIE FARMSTEAD JERSEYS.





t. F 11:13 He old one for

390°" all in "Sir” t61.011.11.10 null1 Calves few

Heifers and Keller elves. I guarantee satisfaction





1 nded.

°r ”03%? ‘5. LILLIE. Cooper-ville. Michigan.





 





 





 





SHROPSHIILE yearling Rams and O. I. 0. Spring

Boers ‘80 we One yearlin Boar. Shrophire ewe

lambs later. .E. BEAC’H& ON, Brighton, Mich.





 





 





HOGS.





Dumas and “shuns—Elegant spring pigs. either sex.





ood as the breed rod 0 1'.

living prices. M. T. STOOIIY, R. F. D.48. 1.03911.u11°1180il.





BERKSHIRE—Boers at special prices for 30 days-

Also Leicester rams, from rize.

winning stock. Elmhurst Stock Farm. Almont, lch.





—Brod sows. bred ilts db rs d

BerkSllll‘eS for service. Thug beszitnof ola'ccdr‘la y

splendid individuals with funcv heads, at. resonab 0

prices. 0.0. COREY, New Haven, Michigan





w





Thoroughbred Berkshire Brood Sous for Sale,



Baguie‘ars"(algfiegiagnifltieniifispeclmcns To to arrow



pin! iflcy “About ”1113;: c ygh quality boar. Very

BOUGEMONT FARMS, Detroit, Michigan.





N GLISH Berkah ilre’hoca and Oxford Down sheep of

both sexes and all 11 esflnriced away down forcuick

sale. Stock cums Rcsvey, Akron, Ml lob.





FOR. SA] E. BERKSHIEES—Z boars A 3 gm- {snowed in June

also a choice lotof Au; and Sept pi sired by Handsome

Prince 3d A Marion King. A. A. PATTI.) w. Dcekarvllle, I165.





-—Buy a service Bo r now

Berkshires .1. a o. ......“ '

for sale. 0. s Blarnfi’rprmtmf 111111.II .1»





PURE 0. l. C’s





——Bred from pri winners and





strslns the 111 ysnd

etype. Both sexes. not Li . He‘L

Orfl or write. FA. 0. Schwe‘tegmsmo ntes:::?6.





POLAND CIllNASElllllg‘rgggfi‘ ill :‘l’gw all???

P. D. LONG, R No, Grand Rapids, ich





Oli SALE—Poland China boars and sows, Holstein

bulls. White Holland Turkey LBan-od rtedPl ymonth

Rocks. Collie Pups. .Birkenstcok, Fall Riveyr. Wis.





—Bred from lsr e t Stock

P018110 ClllllaSG El“ LS‘IIAS. both sages. iganrmers

prices. W. J. W, Augusta, Michigan.





Poland Chinas—Specisl “5111612511 1 {flaring

both sexes. R. J. LANE,b0 Glare. Michigan.





P 1

SPECIAL SALE 23.1 1.3'1‘3%9h1l& 3313218311'E11l3a'33

horn Bull Calves. ROBE T NINE, Pierson. Mich





Big gTypew P. C. Bears and Sows "mm





sion WOOD E SON. Saline. Michigan.





Three Extra Good Fall P 1:. Bears





By Next In Line. 32 sprlni male l read

p.0 0. D. and fui'nis ifedig’rg pro-my If

you 8hmint good as the best, wrte me for prices,





WM. WAFFLE, Goldwater, Michigan.





—Stook of all 11 es 1' l P

Muleiooi Hosts... maim ‘3 11.251 3.3.3 s..il°°1r’§'.hi;

at Lima. .0. KER ,Ada Hardin 00.. Ohi lo.





PURE bred large IMPROVED YORKSHIRE

bothy sexes. all ages. Gilts bred for March Apl r:l

“an beehi pped in Jan. Feb an.d arch

:20 while 'they last M. o. WIL'sozi’l’ Morley. Mich.





lillio Farmstead Yorkshires.





Bo are old enough for service. red

3132 it“; 3121?: atrlild thriolelnct skip. AtI will glyfi°fim

at wi r so you i

..wteoa COLON c. LIL Ooopemillu e. Niall:





 





 





 





 





 





reasonable. AddressW. B Parker. Grand “Elanapfl Mich.





 





W

n. 1. 1. 2.3222122: r2221: ....





 





(1.110 r. mums. bum la W. ”domino





writins to advertisers.





 





Boar; larva. growthy spring boars and .ilhby this great





Large loomed Yorkshirerzomum for ..1. P1»... .





Please mention the mains Fax-er when





“Wm. .
,. \m‘ u





we. ova-we. J5“





If





 

 

 

 





 





Loading carriers with asphalt at Trinidad Lake





Genas co

the Trinidad-Lake-Asphalt Roofing





has the life that only 7mi-

m'czl asphalt can give roof-



‘to make it 'lastingly

resist all kinds of Weather.





The Kant- leak Kleet makes the roof-

seams watertight without cement, and

prevents nail— leaks. Ask your dealer

for Genasco with Kant- leak Kleets

packed In the roll.





4”,? The Barber Asphalt

“"0 Paving Company





est producers of ssphslt, and largest

manufacturers of ready roofing in the world.





Philadelphia

Chicago





 

 

 

 

 





 





New York San Francisco





 





Cross-section Genuco Stone-surface Roofing

- r.~::;«:4'..'-’I:.'<':v Gravel



._. ..__ ._ ._ _ _ Trinidad Lake Asphalt

‘1 Asphalt- -saturated Wool Felt

_Trinidad I. ake Asphalt

Asphalt- saturated Wool Felt





 





 





 





 





 





'own power





corn shell-





er, costs less

than half . the





price others ask. Has a feed grind-

ing attachment for $11.50 more . .

that does the work of the $25 kind.

$25. 00 at the factory is the price; add a

little for freight, etc. , to your station.

You can afford the Watts Power Sheller,

because a two days good run will pay for

the machine; 120 bushels an hour This

is made especially for the individual farmer to

make him independent of contractors and elevators.

Guaranteed satisfactory; 5 days trial. Write for





booklet.

Seage r E. ngine Works





1019 Hazel Street. Lansing. Mich.





 





 





 

 

 

 





, r' Grind Your Com—Husk: sndAll

Alfalfa. CloverH-y,WhentScreening-, she ed

oa.t.s rye Ifllr corn wheat

shell corn. cotton seed, wet. drBor claim“ are on?

mundto tomeal on the‘ ‘BiIlI





     





Highest Grade oi Corn and Buck-



whealTalIIe Hour In One Grinding



‘ And you can rove it. lo fDnys' FREE

Inzin





.‘ Trial Given. gt: tote size n and

rwrito for catalog mod samples today.





lat: Manufacturing Company

‘ 1113 E. Road Crown Point nd.





 

 

   





 

 

 

   

 

 





     





 





‘I’IIE llRGES‘I‘ AND BEST LINE OF





M Ac H I N E R Y litres-m3:

lng it for over 20 years. Do not buy until you





see our ne Illustrated Catalo e No. 14. Send

foritnow. ItisFR EE gu





Austin Manufacturing 00., Chicago





””5”“ SWEEP MILLS





Difier out from all others. 4 or 2 horses.

Grind Corn with chucks and all small

grains. (Also make 10 sizes of belt mills)





FREE—Booklet on“Foods and Manures“

II. N. P. Bowsher (20.. South Bend. ind.





FOR SALE: REBUILT MACHINERY





22_ H. Pitts haulinlgen ine, 20 H. Reeves traction en—

ine, 20 H. Pitt ussell,18 H. Pt. Huron, 17 H.

rick 16 H. Leader, HIGH.‘Advan(-e, 16H. Pitts, 16H.



Ganr-Soott,15 H. Aultman- lIl‘lg'lor. 15 H. Rumeiv 15



H. J. IOase. 13 H. Rumel y. H Huber. 10H. Pitts,



25 H. Marvin Stationary gasoline engine. 2) H. Fair-



banks- Morse 12 H. aster Workman, 10H. Ala afimo.



Moore, I4-roll Korn King Husker. 10 roll Piano, 4 roll



McCormick, and many others.



Write ns for description and price.





THE BANTING MACHINE COMPANY

114-118 Superior St... Toledo. 0.





BUY AN ICE PLOW





and save the ice crop. Cut your ice

quick and cheap with my double-

row Ice Plow. It equals 20 men

with saws. Pays for itself' In

1 day. Also Tools.



for catalog and prices.



WM. 3. PRAY, Vsrbank,N .Y





 





 

 





   





 





 





 

 





 





   

 





ills £~Seeders

.Jowagccwo Are The Lead'eI s





THERE ARE MANY REASONS WHY

DOWAGIAC MANUFACTURING C9. DOWAGIAC.MICH.





 

 





   





 





THE DAIRY E





“W

CONDUCTED BY COLON C. LILLIE.





[YYYY





 





 





A VITAL POINT IN DAIRY FARMING.





 





How to replace the cows that are dis-

carded from herds .where whole milk is

sold is a question of vital interest to

dairy farmers. Few dairy farmers, es-

pecially those who live outside of the

great milk producing territory, realize the

tremendous drain these dairies are mak-

ing upon the cow population of the coun-

try. A few years ago it was possible to

go out and buy good cows from dairy

farmers who raised a surplus to sell, but

today a. man may drive for miles without

finding any number of suitable cows for

sale. Heavy feeding for milk production

is driving many of the best cows to pre-

mature slaughter, and this removal of

the best cows from the small dairy farm-

ers’ herds not only causes a scarcity of

good cows, but it has a marked tendency

to encourage these small dairy farmers to

sell their best cows and keep inferior

ones for their own dairy uses and to

raise calves to sell. This constant selling

of the' best cows together with the down-

ward drag of the blood of the inferior

ones, that are too poor to find a ready

sale, makes dairy improvement from the

cow side of the question almost impos-

sible. The extension of the city milk

trade and the condensary business into

new territory is creating new conditions.

Milk producers who formerly bought new

c0ws from dairy farmers within ten or

twenty miles from their farms are now

going from fifty to one hundred miles,

and in many cases to the stock yards or

other states. Here in Erie county, New

York, we are buying most of our cows

from the Buffalo stock yards and paying

from $60 to $80 for anything that has

tue indications of being a good milker.



This question of dairy Improvement is

not so much a matter of a few dairy

farmers buying improved cows, as it is get-

ting the average dairy farmcr to make a.

better use of the good blood which he

already has, but which he permits to go

into the hands of the milk producers just

as soon as it shows signs of good milking

qualities. The promise of breeding ex-

cellence does not govern his attitude; if

a. cow will bripg $75 this year he does not

think of thc calf she will bring next

year. He must be shown to be convinced.



The feeders of beef cattle buy their

feeders from sections where they have

been raised on chcap lands and cheap

feeds, and the men who produce these

efeders are liberal buyers of‘beef bred

bulls for the purpose of improving their

feeder stock. You may ask me what this

has to do with the dairy farmer? Some

will say he can raise dairy cows cheaper

than he can buy them. No doubt he can,

but we must show him. It seems to me

that the feeder of beef cattle and the

dairyman are in about the same, position.

They can both make a little money if

they can buy the right kind of feeders

at a reasonable price. It is not my pur-

pose to defend the milk producer or the

man who buys young beef cattle to feed.

These men are capable of ”Working out

their own problems. As a rule, they are

progressive farmers and more capable of

doing their own thinking than we are of

doing it for them. What I do wish to

show is the fact that many dairy farmers

living on low-priced land back from the

centers of population could make good

money raising young dairy cows to sup-

ply the demands of the milk producers. In

this way a few farmers could invest in

good breeding bulls and devote more at-

tention to summerdairying and rearing

dairy heifers. These cows ought not to

be offered for sale until they are five or

six years old so that they can handle

heavy grain rations without being in-

jured. As a rule, milk producers feed

heavy and will pay more money for cows

of that age than for young animals; they

feed heavy and want cows capable of

producing immediate results.



The man who rears high-class dairy

cows does not need a ranch in the west.

There is plenty of cheap land further

east. Many of thevcheaper farms are

best suited to raising hay, ensi’lage corn

and for grazing. Such farms can be

bought cheap and. put to profitable use

by supporting milch cows and growing

heifers. By having the cows fresh during

the season of the year when milk is

scarce a ready market can be found for

the cows. In fact, instead of hiintlng

for buyers, they would soon be sofight out

by those who find it increasingly difficult

to buy good cows. Buyers would be at-





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





tracted as soon as they found a. class of

cows adapted for their business. A few

men are making good money at this ,kind

of dairy farming; there is abundant op-

portunity for many more.



Farmers situated in close proximity to

milk producing sections could arrange

some sort of an exchange whereby the

heifer calves that show promise could be

bought and raised in place of the weed?!

ones born on their own farms. This is

an idea that has already taken root and

is gaining favor among many already en-

gaged in the business. More than this

exchange is necessary, however, to satis—

fy the demands of the trade. A system

of selection and the use of dairy bred

bulls needs to be practiced. The laws of

heredity must be observed in the con-

trolling of dairy function. To raise high-

class dairy cows one must kcep good

cows and use improved dairy sires. By

the use of high—class breeding bulls and

encouraging milk producers to use good

sires and sell their best heifer calves to

raise they would soon be able to buy bet-

ter cows. The milk producer by keeping

a record of the calves when laken away

from his farm would be able to buy back

cows of his own breeding.



Many milk produccrs are willing to pay

from $80 to $100 for the right kind of cows

from five to seven years old. Such cows

can be made to pay their keep as soon

as they drop their first calf and give two

or three good calves to raise before they

are sold. To grow and develop a grade

dairy heifcr lo the age when she begins

production ought not to cost to exceed

forty dollars on cheap lands and the in-

come from the summer dairy ought to

pretty nearly pay operating expenses of

the business.





New York. W. MILTON KELLY.





 





BALANCED RATION WITH SILAGE,

TIMOTHY HAY AND CORNSTALKS.





 





I would like to learn how to make a bal—

anced ration for milking cows. I have

ensilage, cornstalks and timothy hay and

I want to grind oats and corn with cops.

What is the best meal to buy and mix

with this oats and corncoh meal to bal-

ance up this ensilagd ration, and how

much should I feed a cow of this grain

a day? Also, how much of this cornstalks

and hay?



‘Presque Isle Co. A. D.





As there is no clover hay in the rough-

age part of the ration it will be impos-

sible to form the most economical and

balanced ration without having one food

stuff in the grain ration which is rich in

protcin and for this I would add either oil

meal or cottonseed meal. Gluten feed

will do fairly well though it is hardly rich

enough in protein. With this roughage

a good ration would be about 30 lbs. of

corn silage, 8 lbs. of timothy hay, and

all the cornslalks that the cows will eat

up clean. But I would not insist upon

the cows cating the coarser parts of the

butts of the stalks. Let them pick them

over carcfully and give them all they

want. For the grain ration I would mix

in the following proportions: 100 lbs. of

oats, 200 lbs. of corn and cob meal, and

100 lbs. of oil meal, and then I would

feed to each cow as many pounds pcr day

of this grain ration as she produces

pounds of butter-fat in a week. I don‘t

think you can get any bctter rule than

this. This gives each cow a grain ration

in proportion to the amount of work

which she docs which is the practical way

to feed cows. If it would be better for

you to use colionsccd meal instead of oil

meal I would mix it in cxactly the same

proportion, but if you feed gluten feed I

would mix 100 lbs. of oats, 200 lbs. of corn





and cob meal. and 200 lbs. of gluten fccd

together, or in that proportion. Of

coursc, the 30 lbs. of corn silage should





be fed in two foods, 15 lbs. in the morn-

ing and 15 lbs. at night, and I would feed

the ensilagc and then put the grain on it

when they will be mixed by the cow as

she eats. In this way I think you will

get bctter mastication, digestion and as-

similation.





ALFALFA GROWS POPULAR.



Alfalfa is winning a place in the dairy-

man’s rotation. Two features of the

plant are specially responsible for the

pace it has set for common recognition

in the competitive race between corn,

clover, oats, peas and other crops: These

are the ability to grow an abundance of

matter per acre and the high protein

content of the plant. Both of these fea-

tures increase the capacity of dairy farms

and reduce the cost of a. quart of milk

or a pound of butter. Upon this economic

basis the crop is destined to grow in

greater favor and is sure to become a

close competitor of corn for first place on





 





Hake .

Them Healfhy

and Keep



Them Healfhg.

with





KOW-KURB. the great cow medicine. is the

only doctor the herd needs for mostof the ail-

ments peculiar to cows. A positive cure and

preventive for BARRENNESS. ABORTION,

RED WATER, SCOURS, BUNCHES, LOST

APPETITE, MILK FEVER. GARGET and

BLOATING.



KOW-KURE is not a "food.” It is a specific

remedy for diseases of cows, and the only one in

the world for cows only. Used according to

directions, it will make sick cows well and keep

well cows in the best of condition. Regulates

the digestive and generative organs and tones

up the entire system.



No dairyman or farmer can afiord to be with-

out KOW-KURE. J. R. Steel of Golf. Pa. writes:

“This medicine has saved me hundreds of dollars

worth of cows. It saved a 375 dollar cow this

winter." '



Write for free book, “More Money from Your

Cows." It is full of information you ought to

have.





DAIRY ASSOCIATION CO.. MFRS.

Lyndonville. Vt.. U. S. A.





 





 





not only save their cost every year

but may be bought on such liberal

terms as to literally pay for them-





selves. Why should you delay





the purchase of the best separator

under such circumstances ?





THE DE IAVAI SEPARATIIR CI].





l65-l 61 BROADWAY,

NEW YORK.





29 E. MADISON ST.

CHICAGO.





 





 





 





 

 





95 and Upward

3 AMERICAN

FREE TRIAL FULLY BIIAIIM'IEEI.

Easy running. Easily cleaned

Whether dairy is lBarge or s'mall,





obtaln our handsome free catalog. Addre





AMERICAN SEPARATOR C0. amusn‘loe'i‘,‘ 'u. y.

Hay $24 per ton.

Dried Beet Pulp $24 per lon° ...'.





Feed one pound Beet Pulp in place of two

pounds of hay. Thatis cut down the hay two

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Save over one cent per day on each animal.





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A ted wh
YVVYYVTVV—TYYVYVVVVVVVVY





;HORTICULTURE





AAAAAAAA‘AAAAA‘AAL‘AAA





ANNUAL MEETING OF MICHIGAN

HORTIC‘ULTURAL SOCIETY.



The forty—first annual meeting of the

State Horticultural Society, which was

held at Ludington, December 5-6-7, was

one of the most enthusiastic meetings the

society has ever held. Although the at—

tendance was not quite as large as at

some sessions on some previous meet-

ings, the opera house where the sessions

were held was filled from the beginning

to the» end with an intelligent and inter-

ested audience, each person alive to the

possibilities of Michigan as a fruit-grow-

ing state, and ready to exchange ideas

and recite experiences that would assist

other growers in their own work. A

pleasing feature was the lack of any sec—

tional jealousy, all portions of the state

working together for the common good.



The exhibits were excellent, especially

those of Mason county, in which Luding-

ton is situated. This exhibit occupied a

building directly across the street from

the opera house, and although the room

was too limited to admit of the best dis-

play of the fruit it was very strikingly





AAAA





 





 





 





and tastefully arranged. The exhibit

comprised over 150 bushel boxes of ap-

ples, besides hundreds of plates, also





baskets and pyramids of the different col-

ored fruit, all of which was of good size,

high color, and we might add, excellent

flavor. In one case we noted that it took

but 69 King apples to fill a bushel box.



Aside from the Mason county display

there were quite a number of exhibits

from other parts of the state arranged on

the stage of the opera house. These in-

cluded the plates and baskets competing

for the prizes donated by manufacturers.



There was also quite an extensive ex—

hibit of spray machinery. A large garage

was devoted to the exhibition of the ma-

chines, nursery stock, spray chemicals,

ladders, fruit packages and other fruit.

growers’ supplies.



Tuesday morning’s session was opened

promptly by President Farrand with an

unusually good audience for the first ses—

sion. The program was carried out in

full as follows: “Thirty-five years of

fruit growing 'in Mason county,” by

Smith Hawley, of Mason county, “New

varieties for Michigan," by F. A. Wilken,

of the South Haven Experiment Station,

and “New Points in Peach Growing and

Marketing,” by George Friday, of Ber-

rien county. The initial session is re-

ported as one of the most interesting and

inspiring of the entire meeting and we

regret our inability to be present and

secure notes on it for Farmer readers.



After the noon recess Mr. Henry Waller,

of Charlevoix county, gave some "Im—

pressions on apple growing in different

states." He stated that in Illinois the

Don Davis is still the chief variety grown,

but that its place is being taken in the

new plantings by Grimes, Wealthy, Jone

athan, and others. Illinois apples have

good flavor but lack size and as a rule

the high coloring of many of the Michigan

varieties. The barrel is the package

most used. In Virginia the Piedmont

Pippin, VVinesap, and Albermarle Pippin

are grown very successfully on limited

areas, the York Imperial probably being

must generally grown. The Shenandoah

Valley is a leading fruit growing section.

Spraying and cultivation is very thor-

ough, and the box is rapidly gaining fav-

or as a package. In Oregon small or—

chards pay best, one man being able to

care for about five acres. All are boost-

ers. each one trying to rival his neighbor.

Cultivation, spraying and thinning are

very thorough. The fruit is sold through

unions, and packed by professional pack-

ers. Michigan has many advantages as

a fruit growing state in comparison with

Western states. Markets are near, trans-

portation cheap, quality and color high,

Michigan’s chief shortcoming is a lack

of universally good care and honest pack-

ing.



In discussing the above subject Henry

Rose stated that the quality of Michigan

fruit is far better and that the odchards

are longer lived than in the states far-

ther south, although southern Ohio In

gaining in favor as an apple producing

region, the Rome Beauty being their best

apple. Mr. Waller believed that the west

should plant only special and fancy varie-

ties, like Spitzenburg and Newtown Pip-

pin. As to the freedom of certain wett-

ern districts from codling math, 3“!

claimed by real estate men, Mr. Waller

said there were plenty of them with the

possible exception of a few small valleys

where they had not appeared as yet, one





 





 





of these being neat-Watsonvllle, Gal. ’-Mr.‘:

Rome stated that the Watsonville district.

produced 5,000 cars of-apples against a

crop of 4,621 cars for the states of Ore-

gon, Colorado, Idaho, Montana and Wash-

ington combined. He stated that in the

district referred to the lack of the cus-

tomary fog several years ago caused all

of the apples to scorch since which time

there had been few worms, but some

were present. Another cause of the free-

dom of worms in this district is the al-

most daily gathering of drops for evap-

orating and cider. Several growers cited

instances where Michigan growers had

offered a substantial prize for a wormy

apple from their orchards, but had found

none.

In discussing the topic,





“The Selection and Preparation of an Or-

chard Site,"





0. S. Bristol, of Lapeer county, brought

out the fact that although on some farms

there may be no ideal soil for an orchard

site yet trees will grow on almost any

soil unless it is muck, and growers have

had success on sand, loam, and clay. In

one of his rented orchards the finest-ap-

ples were produced on a gravel knoll

where the tree growth was small. The

subsoil is a better indication of the suit-

ableness of‘ the location than the surface

soil. This should be porous and not too

wet. Natural drainage is much better

and cheaper than artificial drainage. The

best sites may have wet pockets, which

should be artificially drained. Peaches

require well drained and preferably high

ground, with good air, as well as water

drainage. The preparation of the soil

for the site is important. Mr. Bristol

prefers to get the land in good tilth by

fertilizer legumes and hoed crops before

planting the orchard. -





“The care of a young orchard” was the

topic chosen by Mr. E. O. Ladd, of Grand

Traverse county, because, as he stated,

the young orchard is too often neglected.

Mr. Ladd prefers to purchase his trees in

the fall, and set early in the spring. He

then gets a stronger tree and a quicker

growth than from trees exposed in stor-

age cellars during the winter. The chief

requisites are: (1) get a strong growth

each year to give size when in bearing,

and (2) conserve and enrich the soil

against bearing age. He believes in sup—

plying manure and sowing forage crops

in the orchards. For such crops corn and

red clover are used, sowing in strips be—

tween rows of trees. In the bearing or-

chards continuous cultivation is prac-

ticed until/midsummer when a cover crop

of cats and winter vetch is sown. The

importance of care in the handling of the

young trees, both before and after setting,

was spoken of and the necessity of pro-

tecting from mice and rabbits by mound—

ing or protectors. Start the trees low

and prune moderately each year. Do not

forget the spraying. “Take good care of

the orchard and it will take care of

you.”



In reply to the question of whether it

would pay to dynamite hard soils, Mr.

\Valler did not believe it would in this

locality. The question of banking trees

to prevent the conical holes about the

trunks due to swerving by the wind, was

discussed. Mr. Keasey believed that the

banking would make the holes larger,

while most growers believed it would

tend to prevent the formation of such

cavities. Deeper planting was also sug-

gested. Mr. Morrill stated that dynamit—

ing a clay soil when wet will make it pud—

dle and form basins that will hold water.

Mr. Dow suggested the importance of

plenty of water for sandy soils, while Mr.

Farrand pointed out the danger of too

much water in the subsoil, as at the ex—

periment station farm at South Haven.

The question of storing nursery stock in

cellars was discussed at length and all,

including such authorities as Mr. Morrill

and Paul Rose, were of the opinion that

It was detrimental to the stock and pre-

ferred to heel in over winter in trenches

out of doors, protecting the body of the

tree against freezing, by soil. Bunches

should be loosened and spread out in

healing In. They would be better left In

the nursery row than to be healed in in

bunches.



Mr. Morrill has had good results in set-

ting peach trees in the fall and banking

with soil up to the limbs, taxing care to

remove the soil when It was warm and

no cold wind probable for some days. He

stated that the apple and pear would be

all right left in the nursery row until

spring, but the peach was rather tender.

If trees healed in are covered with ever-

green boughs he stated that the mice

would not trouble them. Mr. Osborn

brought out the fact that a young or-

chard could be. brought to bearing age





without cost by growing crops 'between

the rows.

. . Pruning. .

Paul Rose, of Berrien ocunty, closed

the afternoon session with a talk on

“Pruning.” He believes in heading in

trees in the fall, taking care to trim the

roots before healing in, if possible, so a

callus will form on the cut portion of the

cambium layer and the trees will be

ready for growth early in the spring.

Peach trees should be trimmed to a

whip. Other sorts may have spurs left

to protect the buds. The framework

branches should be properly distributed

about the trunk, even if it is necessary

to cut back the trunk and reform the

head from a sprout. The head is formed

the next year after setting. Don’t head

in trees too heavily but cut back a little

each year, cutting more as the tree grows

older. Trees must have plenty of room

for best results. In apple trees avoid cut—

ting too many large limbs. Gold Drop

peaches must be pruned v'ery severely,

Elbertas much less. Always cut a branch

where the circle is at the beginning of

the enlargement and parallel with it.

Prune in fall and winter if necessary.

Eight-foot ladders are the longest used

on the cherry trees, and younger trees

should be reached with five-foot ladders.

If out below the head the peach is likely

to send up a shoot from below the bud,

while a pear will generally throw out a

shoot from the upper trunk. The princi-

pal of pruning required by a sour cherry

is the shearing out of the cross branches.





The discussion brought out a number

of points, for instance: Mr. Palmer had

found that he could substitute sawdust

for bran in the bran-molasses arsenic

treatment for cutworms; Mr. Rose ad-

vised cutting the tops from a pear or-

chard that had become too tall; Messrs.

Farrand and Bristol suggested that on

drooping trees the branches would be low

enough, even if the heads were rather

high when set. Mr. Farrand also stated

tnat apple trees that had been pruned but

little were bearing earlier and paying

better than those more heavily pruned

from the start. Mr. Friday said his trees

were too low and that he preferred to

have the branches off the ground in his

cultivated orchard, wihile Mr. Taylor

thought it strengthened them to lie upon

the ground under. his sod mulch culture.

Mr. Hutchins thought the heads should

be high enough so careless hired men

would not easily bark the .limbs, while

Mr. Osborn thinks that one can get closer

to a tree if the branches are started

low and take an upward direction.



in the evening the annual banquet of

the society was held at the dining-rooms

of the Hotel Stearns, closing with an ex-

cellent list of toasts under the supervision





of Geo. E, Rowe, of Kent county, as

toastmaster.

Calhoun Co. S. B. Hmsgrmx.





(To be continued).





 





 





CONSERVES MOISTURE BY CULTI-

VATION.



I just read the article by J. L. R. en-

titled, “Strawberries Failed for Lack of

Water.” Having had 18 years experience,

raising from three to seven acres per

year, I will venture a few remarks:

Strawberries as a crop will do fairly well

on most any soil, in favorable years—

whcn it rains often during growing and

picking time; but during my experience

I remember of only three seasons when

we did not have a. dry spell, so in order

to succeed we must arrange ’for plenty

of moisture. How? In the first place,

and I believe the most important, the

right kind of soil must be selected. I

want a clay loam. Then keep it well cul-

tivated, never allow a crust to form. be

sure to cultivate after every rain, while

the ground is still quite wet. I have cul-

tivated mine 15 times this season. In

the fall mulch with eight or 10 big loads

of straw to the acre. The above is my

plan. I believe the most of the failures

—and I’ve seen a great manyware due to

men believing they can make some easy

money raising berries, when they and

their land are much better adapted to

potatoes, melons and cuh light land

crops. As to watering with a windmill,

I’ve seen a mill pumping water on a

sandy berry patch and the stream would

disappear in two rods in the sand. If

it takes 800 barrels of water to make one

inch to the acre, I believe it useless to try

to water berries on sandy land. ‘



Kalamazoo Co. W. H. Convmasn.





 





With the development of the practical

sciences that have a bearing upon fruit

production and distribution the future of

the fruit business is sure to rest upon

a more constant foundation.





 





with the one most re-

liable remedy against.

the SAN JOSE SCALE.





Spray NOW with

BOWKER’S

LIME-SULPHUR





Writ. for Book and Price List to

BO WKER INSE C T] CIDE CO.

BOSTON, MASS. )





We ship also from /«

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I I I

Bigger F nut Profits





*Hero is a spray pump invented

frui





 

   

   

   

   





 





 

 





 

   





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





y t growers. It was our

endeavor to secure the belt

spray pump to use on our

300 acre fruit farm that

produced the





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ESTABLISHED ovxn SIXTY YEARS.





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Ofl‘or a large stock of Fruit Trees, Ornamental

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If you want stock of quality. if you want

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" l ....2; -_- “.1; E -.





 





 





 





Porno: VIII Irm-





 





mm

on: Invention.
DEC. 16, 1911.





YYYYVVVYVVVVYVYYYYYVYYYY





* POULTRY ‘





MAAAAAAAAMAAAAAAAAAJLA





DECEMBER POULTRY SUGGESTIONS.



When dressing a fowl for dinner ex-

amine the contents of the gizzard. If the

grinding material is blunt and round the

fowls are in need of proper grit. Also

when dressing a healthy fowl note each

organ and its appearance in a normal

state. Then when you kill and examine

an ailing bird you will have a better idea

of the cause of the sickness. There is

always a cause for sickness in a flock

and postmortem examinations help us to

discover which of the internal organs, if

any, are affected.



The hens do not suffer so much for

green food when the weather is nice and

there is no snow on the ground. They. eat

grass and seem to relish it though it is

dead and brown. At this season we give

the specked apples, at sorting time, to

the hens. They won’t eat potato peelings

unless they are cooked, but the apple

peelings and cores are saved and placed

before the hens and I notice they soon

disappear. .



A scratching pen pays for itself in one

winter in the fowls' health and in eggs.

It won’t do to allow the hens to huddle

in a corner if it’s healthy fowls and eggs

we’re after. The litter that accumulates

where the hay is thrown on the barn floor

makes the best kind of scratching mate-

rial. The hens scratch out the fine seeds

and eat every clover leaf. But this sea-

son hay is a scarCe article and we have

had corn fodder shredded to take its

place. I find the shredded fodder makes

good litter for the scratching shed. We

don’t like to have the hens out of doors

when it is storming or when there is

snow on the ground. and confinement

does no harm when they are not over—

crowded and have a chance to exercise

by hunting for small grains in deep lit-

ter. The deeper the litter the more.

amusement the hens seem to get out of

their hunting and scratching. But when

the litter becomes damp and heavy there

is no longer any fun in it for the hens

for this sort of floor covering is unhealthy.



We are learning the value of bran as

a hen food. In their soft food for break-

fast we use bran as a basis; it gives bulk.

It is one of the. desirable feeds that is

not too expensive with eggs at present

prices. An experienced poultry breeder

says bran is a good regulator of the sys-

tem and I know if other conditions are

right the feeding of bran will increase

the egg yield.



Every owner of a flock of hens needs a

trough in which to feed soft foods. I

know some folks who throw mash on the

floor or in the litter. If the hens stop

laying from the effects of a severe cold

spell feed heavier for a few days. If

kept busy they are not so apt to be af-

fected by the cold.



Indiana.





 





y 4





 





 





 





 





AVOID “FADS” AND





I don’t suppose there is one person in

a thousand who has ever really discov-

ered anything. Usually the individual

who pompously lays claim to making a

discovery has merely just found out for

himself something that somebody else

discovered in the centuries gone by.



This brings me up to the subject of

“fads.” Usually it is only the rich who

can afford fads, so this should bar we

poor poultrymen. But let me say to the

young poultry keeper, beware of com-

mitting yourself too deeply to fads in poul-

try work. Most of our present methods

are the fruit of the experience of genera-

tions before us}, and we do well to profit

by this experience, for We might live to

a very ripe old age without discovering

enough for ourselves to enable us to earn

a living in this age of hustle. So don’t

call regular and accepted methods “old

fogyism”~until you are sure yOu have

found something better.



I once had the opportunity of reading

a lot of manuserips purporting to contain

advice to poultry keepers. ,The burden

of it seemed to run in a course directly

opposed to present usage in the care of

fowls. Taken as a whole, it reminded

me of a “belt line” railway in a neighbor-

ing city where for five cents you could

ride at a good clip for an hour or more

without. getting any farther than you

could walk in fifteen minutes in the di-

rectiOn you wish to go.



I have seen descriptions and diagrams

of simple contrivances that would cost

more to make than their use could ever

earn, and so complicated that a metro-





“FOGYISMS.”





politan editor could discover neither head





 





warm. dry and well ventilated room and

try feeding bread or middlings moistened

in milk to which has been added 2 grs. of

black antimony twice a day.

made by steeping a little flaxseed in wat-

er will be beneficial.

Department of Agriculture,

disease may be checked

stages by giving 10 drops of spirits of

turpentine in a teaspoonful of castor oil,

repeating the dose after 5 or 6 hours.

There must be something about the con-

ditions under which your fowls are kept

which causes them to contract colds. Try

to determine what it is and correct it.





 





.





nor tail to them; of poultry plants 50 ex-

tensive and costly that the best business

head in the world could never make them

earn a single dividend; of “newly discov-

ered" and new-fangled feeds and feeding

methods which, had they borne out ex-

pectations, would have speedily revolu-

tionized things, but most of us are still

at it in the old way.



Now the most important thing in every

business, is that it be self-supporting,

and it should be p'ut on that basis first

of all. To do this, accepted and tried

methods are generally necessary. Not

that there is no such thing as old fogy-

ism. Under this head I include hen-

houses filled with lice and filth; floors

composed mainly of droppings; carelessly

selected flocks of worthless hens; want of

care and attention to the diet of hens.

I call it old fogyism to inbreed year after

year, or to use poor and immature males;

to allow the premises to become overrun

with rats and thus lose all or a part of

the young chicks; to allow eggs to pile

up in the nests until a part or all of

them have become unwholesome, or

worse, and half or two-thirds of the lay-

ers have become broody. I include also

the allowing of a horde of young roosters

among the layers at a time when the

flock should be laying at its best but is

not.



I have named a few old fogyisms.

Now I am going to mention a few fads

About the worst, in my opinion, is the

keeping of a flock worth about seven dol-

lars, in a thousand dollar plant, with

about thirty cents worth of experience in

the business—when the keeper needs the

money. Another is the continuous search

for new and unheard—of breeds, and the

continual changing of breeds. Leave this

to the fellow who doesn’t need the mon-

ey. Remember that the buying public

wants the goods and cares nothing as to

how the getting of them was brought

about.



While it is sometimes necessary to put

quite a lot into a business before any-

thing can be taken out, I say this of the

poultry business: If you start right,

your flock will pay its own bills right

from the start. Yes, and discount them

at that. So, be neither a faddist nor an

old fogy, but never fail to profit by the

sensible experience of others before you.



Isabella. Co. WM. J. COOPER.





IN ANSWER TO INQUIRIES.





 





 





Cankerous Roup.



My chickens are getting a disease that

I know nothing about. They do not ap—

pear to be sick but their mouths are full

of some kind of matter, so that they can

hardly breathe. They open their mouths

every time they breathe. Those that

have it worst just stand around and do

not seem to care for anything; appear to

almost choke at times.



Kalamazoo Co. J. L.





Your fowls have no doubt suffered from

colds for some time and the trouble has

developed into cankerous roup. \Ve

would direct your attention to the article

in last week’s Farmer on “Treating

Canker in Chickens.” As stated there. it

is a difficult matter to treat this trouble

when the sores have invaded the wind-

pipe, and from your description of the

trouble we anticipate that you will find

the windpipe clogged with the cheesy

matter which covers the sores. Endeavor

to prevent the fowls that are still healthy

from coming in contact with the matter

removed from the sores when treating

the sick ones.



Probably Bronchitis.



Some weeks ago one of my Leghorn

pullets began sneezing or coughing. I

gave the matttr little attention at the

time but a litlle later it seemed hard

for this fowl to breathe and the neck ap-_

pearcd to be swollen. I thought the

trouble was gapcs or roup, but as there

are no worms and no discharge 1 am at

a loss to know what to do. I have this

pullet penned by herself but cannot see

that she is getting any worse or any bet-

ter. I now notice that several others

are. starting the same way.



R. B.





Crawford Co.

The trouble is no doubt one of the





many diseases that develop from colds.

Examine the mouth and throat carefully

for mucus patches. If they are not pres-

ent, it is probably a throat or lung dis-

ease—bronchitis, congestion of lungs or

pneumonia. As lung troubles are usually

quickly fatal, it would seem likely that

this is bronchitis. Place the fowl in a





A drink





Dr. Salmon, of the

claims the

in the early





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





 





 

   





 





Higher Cost of Living

Does nOt Include Fence





(9)





 





 





 





 





 





 





   





Ten years ago it

took 2 bushels of corn

to buy 1 rod of fence. To-



day l bushel of corn will buy 2

rods of better fence.





 





 





 





Price Low—Quality Better Than Ever





Within ten years farm prod-

ucts have greatly advanced in

market value while the price of

woven wire fence has been re-

duced. These are the reasons:

Newer and improved methods

of digging the ore, shipping to

the furnaces, melting into steel

and making into finished prod-

ucts are in force. Ten years

ago operations were on a small

scale. Today the plan of oper-

ation is vast. The manufac-

turer is able to deliver the fin-

ished goods quickly, of better

quality and at a lower price.





Dealers Everywhere





American fence is made bet-

ter than ever. It is a thorough-

ly galvanized square mesh fence

of weight, strength and dura-

bility. Large wires are used

and the Whole fabric is woven

together with the American

hinged joint (patented)—the

most substantial and flexible

union possible. Both Wires are

positively locked and firmly held

against side slip and yet are free

to act like a hinge in yielding

to pressure, returning quickly

to place without bending or

injuring the metal.



Stocks of American Fence are carried in every place

where farm supplies are sold. The Fence is shipped

to these points in carload lots, thereby securing the cheapest transportation, and the saving in

freight thus made enables it to be sold at the lowest prices. Look for the American Fence dealer





and get the substantial advantages he is enabled to offer. He is there to serve the purchaser in

person, offer the variety of selection and save the buyer money in many ways.





FRANK BAACKES, Vice-President and General Sales Agent





American Steel & Wire Company





Chicago New York





Send for copy of “American Fence News,” profusely z‘lluslralea', devoted to the z'm‘ereslx of farmers and

Show ing lww fence may be employed to enhance the earning power of a farm. Fun; ished free upon up; lz‘calz‘o».





MAN FENCE





. Sold direct. to you at factory

prices on 30 days trial. Save

the dealers profit. Farm, Hog

and Poultry Fence at from

11% CENTS A ROD UP.

5W ' ’ Allwlresare heavily galvanized

\ nggi- ff}: ' 80 rod BpOOl ofIdeal galvanized

‘ 5" Barbed Wire $1.40. Write

to-day for large free Catalog snowing

100 different styles and heights of fencing





Box 278 KITSELMAN BROS. MUNGIE, IND.





Denver San Francisco





 





yers and Great





IN [MAN RUNNER DUCKS—33315575300...“ egg or.





ders now. J. GORDON DRAKE, Port. Huron, Mich.





 

 





 

 





 





Factory





“ESL 32.93





EM V\'()()l) Farm Poultry again win State Fairs. Bd.

ltocks, It. v, Reds. l’ekiu Ducks. (lhoice stock now

ready. 0. 1).“ oodworth. R. 13. Grand Rapids, Mich.





 





Y entire stock of thoroughbred S. C. Brown

Legliorns and business for sale. Write or call

LEWIS '1‘. OPPENLANDER. R. No. 4, Lansing, Mich.

u ”—5. C. Brown Leghorns, State wide

EGGM‘KERS reputation. Cockerels, beauties, $2,

$3 and $0.00 each. \A m. J, Cooper, Mt. Pleasant..Mich.

30 Barred Beck Uockerels‘ng‘.“‘ioJ?.e‘{fzflfit‘n'féci‘i





$2.50 and $3. Lake Ridge Farm. Levering, ich.





   

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 

 





   





UFF & Wllite'Oi-pingtons, Buff & White Leghorn:

Barred & White Rocks, & R. 0. Rhode Island Reds

(lkls. Selects $3, hlediunis $2 Utility $1.50 each

Satlfactlon guaranteed. H. H. 'KING. Willis. Mich





LILLIE FARHSTEAD POULTRY





B. P. Rocks, R. I. Reds, W. W andottes and B. O. W.

Leghorn eggs for sale. 151‘01' 1: 26 for $1.50; 50 1'0!

$2.50. OLON O. LILLIE. Coopersville. Mich.





t





. . M

AMMO’J‘H Bronze Turkeys—Large vigorous birds,





   

 

   





"r*v-‘T"il-'r:";’i::::



F E N 95:4 .. :73:



* "f 'i-4\*:



{2 w » >‘a



u x ’/‘:l’ ;V\.,‘,



S'Séfit’” \., ’\.-_,

RUSTPROOF: BULL STRONG: PIG TIGHT

FCnces for horses. cattle, sheep, hogs, chickens.etc.



Ornamental Lawn Fences and Gates



Send for catalog Brown Fence 8: Wire Co.





I .

‘3’ P E R R0 D U P

Special low bargain 7771(‘93. We pay the freight.

and sample Dept.49 Cleveland.0hio





 

     





STRONGEST FENCE MADE





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





May hatch. Toms. $5; hens. $4. SilverWyandottes,

V 26-inch Hog Fence, ______ 15¢. coek'ls $1.50. E. H. & J. A. Collar, Coopersville,l\1ich.

.7 r 47-inch Farm Fence,---23%c. k 1 $9 50 $3 ($350 f

r r r . ' ('OC ere H .....t . an ’. ,

' 60-inch Poultry Fenco__--304:. While w andOHe thoroughbred stock and heavyllgilyx'l.

r 80-rod spool Barb Wire, $1.40 ers. A ‘ranklin Smith. R. F. D. 9. Ann Arbor. Mich.





 





A few choice cockerels





S. C. B. MINORC.AS_for sale. Large and all





right every way. Northrup and Canada stock, Satis-

faction guaranteed. lt. W. MILLS, Saline, Mich.





Many styles and heights. Our large Free Catalog

Contains fence Information you should have.

COILED SPRING FENCE C0. Box 21 Winchester, Ind.





 





 





 





FOR SILVER, GOLDEN AND WHITE WYANDOTTES.

THE A fine lot of cockerels $2 and 3: each. Fine

circular free. 0. W. BROWNING, Portland, Mich.





 





DOGS.





POULTRY BREEDER





Modellood, Modelmash,

Modelchick, Model Developing Food,

Model Pigeon Feed.





Agents for Prairie State and Buckeye Incubators,

the 20th Century Feeder and Exerciser. and Non.

freezing Sanitary Poultry Fountain—No Lamp.





 





TRAINED running Fox Hounds, and young hounds

bred from famous Coon hunting parents. Full blood

Jcrey heifers, send stamp. W. E. LECKY. Holmesvillc. Ohio.





FOR SALE. COLUE bath.,215.32%“..‘38’331.lienin'irfi‘l

the finest. breeding. W. J. ROSS, lRochester, Mich.

0R SALE—Collie ShepherdPu





 





 





p’pies. bri ht. pretty





 





Write Your Wants. B 1599133032511 dMlllesM' :hfenéailes 737—}?! tansfield,

oxl., i 5 ac. to . one ' l .

THE MODEL MILLING (30., FERRETS ”a





PORT HURON. MICH.





 





 





——Alwrtys buy Michigan fer-

5,000 Barrels rate. they are stronger and

better climated. Price list and eir. free.





 

 





Makes repairs neat





   





   





 

 





 





 





 





 





 

 





and quick. Mends harnes , shoe DeKleine Bros.,ch 41, J amestown, Mich

giantess“ .A‘i‘i‘. mt“



oc c . prep . g money for agents. ~



. MYERSCO" oszauxlnaton ”Walnut“. ALWAYS mention the MICHIGAN FARM!!!





   





 

 

 





when was are writing to advertisers.
.(19)





The Michigan Farmer





ESTABLISHED 1843.





‘ . THE LAWRENCE PUBLISHING co.





EDITORS AND PROPRIETORS.

39 to 45 Congress St. West, Detroit. Michigan.

TELEPHONE Mam 45%.

gnw You Omen-41 Park





Row

mmno Orncn—wo First Nat’l. Bank anildlng.

Janina!) Glues—10114015 Orsafin‘Av ..N E.

Rum RAPIDS OrrICE—é I: 6 New wkins Building.





M. J. LAW ................ President.

ILL LAWRENCE .... ....Viee-President

E. H.3006311318............................Seo.-





 





 





 





 





 





uuuuuuuuuuu o





   





Tress.





 





I. B. WATEBBUBY. ..... ................. ..1



0.1 YOUNG ..................... ..... ..... Associate

BURT WERMUTH ........ ...... .... Editors.

AL TA LAWSON Hm"... ......u....





 





E. H. H0UGH’1‘0N’..................anine-I Manager

TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION:

82m





 





COPIES

Five Years 2 pomp”,

Three Years, 156 copies, Postpaid . .

31°1l°"13‘z‘i"..,....“‘ '°‘p.......l"“‘"."..... " ' ..i‘.

it out ch.

Canadmn subscriptions 50 cents a year extra. for postage.

Always send money by draft, postoflioe money order,

registered lost or or by exprms. We will not b

sponsible for mone sent in :etters. Address all oom-

munioations to. an make all drafts. cheeks and post-

ofioe orders payable to. the Lawrence Pnblishi In: 00.





RATES OF ADVERTISING:





40 cents per line agate measurement. or $5. 60 per

inc insertion, with reasonable discount on

orders amonntigto $24 or over. No sdv’ t inserted

for less than 31 per insertion



No lottery, quack doctor or swindling advertise-

ments inserted at anf'pr



Entered as second 0 ass matter at the Detroit, Michi-

gan postoillce.





COPYRIGHT 19"





by the Lawrence Pub. Co. All persons are warned

against reprinting any portion of the contents of

. this issue without our written permission.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





WE GUARANTEE to stop THE

MICHIGAN FARMER immediately

upon expiration of time subscribed

for, and we will pay all expenses for

defending any suit, brought against

any subscriber to The Michigan

Farmer by the publisher of any farm

paper, which has been sent after the

time ordered has expired, providing

due notice Is sent to us, before suit

is started.



Avoid further trouble by refusing

to subscribe for any farm paper

which does not print, in each issue,

a definite guarantee to stop on expira-

ation of subscription.



The Lawrence Publishing 00.,



Detroit, Mich.





DETROIT, DEC. 16,1911.





 





 





 





 





 





OURRENT COMMENT.



In his annual report

of. the work of the

postomce department.

just made public,

Postmaster General Hitchcock includes a

financial statement which is greatly to

his credit. In two years he has placed

the department on a paying basis, with a

balance to its credit of $219,118.12 as

compared with a deficit of $17,479,770.“

at the beginning of the present admin-

istration. The total revenues of the dc-

partment for the fiscal year ending June

30, 1911, amounted to $237,879,823.60, while

the total expenditures Were $237,660,705.48.

In the meantime there have been exten—

sions of the service along many lines, in-

cluding the establishment of 3,774 new

postoffices, delivery by carriers in 186 ad-

ditional cities and 2,516 new rural routcs,

necessitating the employment of more

than 8.000 additional people by the de-

partment. That this has been accom-

plished and the postal deficit wiped out

at the some time, and that without any

curtailment of the. postal service, is a

matter for congratulation, both to the

administration and the country at large.



The detailed methods by which this re—

sult has been accomplished are not of as

grcat interest to the average reader as

the results themselves. However, one

item of the saving in expense is worthy

of special mention, inasmuch as it has

a direct bearing on the recent agitation

for an increase in the rate on second-

class matter in which the reading public

has a direct interest. This is in the

shipment of bulky second-class mail, such

as magazines and heavy periodicals by

fast freight to points of direct distribu-

tion. It appears that the cost of hand-

ling second~class matter has been very

considerably reduced by this means, and

it would sccm that this would obviate any

necessity or legitimate demand for an

increase in the postal rate on this class

of matter, an increase which, in its final

analysis, would be felt most keenly by

the reading public.



Since January 1, 1911, when the first

postal savings depositOries were opened

experimentally, this branch of the service

has been extended to 7,500 presidential





Penny Postage vs.

Parcels Post.





postofiices. The savings deposits, which

amounted to only $60,252 in the 48 ex-

perimental depositories. at the end of





the first month, increased in a half year

to $679,310 and now, after 11 months of

operation, have reached a total of $11,000,-





 





 





000 This sum has been deposited in 2,710

national and state banks, and Is protected

by approved bonds deposited with the

treasurer of the United States.



But perhaps the most interesting phase

of the report to our readers is the recom-

mendations which it contains regarding

the establishment of a parcels post. The

Postmaster-General, after Commenting on

the fact ’that the benefits of a parcels

post are widely enjoyed by the people of

foreign countries and should be provided

in the United States, renews his request

for authority to establish a limited parcels

post on rural rout'és, and also asks for

authority to institute such service in

towns having delivery by carriers. The

reason given for thus limiting his recom-

mendations in this regard is that “in es—

tablishing a parcels post service great

care should be taken not to cause a con-





gestion of the mails and thus embarrass





the present operations of the postofllcee.

An attempt to absorb immediately under

one sweeping order the entire parcel bus-

iness of the country would be a danger-

ous experiment for our postal service."

Notwithstanding the recommendations

and arguments of the Postmaster-Gen-

eral on this point, the people of the coun-

try who are interested in the establish-

ment of an adequate parcels post, such as

is enjoyed by the people of foreign coun-

tries, feel that such service can hardly

be looked on in the light of an experi-

ment when it is in successful operation

in other countries, and even extends from

them to our own country. The recom-

mendation that a. limited parcels post

service be established in cities having

delivery by carriers would seem to elim-

inate one argument which has been per-

sistently used against it, i. e., that such

a delivery service would be impractical

in cities. In any event, it would appear

that the people at large are right in their

contention that an adequate parcels post

would be a greater benefit to the country

than would a reduction in the rate on

first-class matter, and it is certain that

the advocates of penny postage will re-

double their efforts to carry their point,

now that the postal service is on a pay-

ing basis. Likewise the advocates of an

adequate parcels post should not be idle

if they expect to realize their desires in

this direction at an early date. The ben-

efits of a general parcels post would be

enjoyed by a far larger percentage of the

people of the country than would the

benefits of penny postage, and if they

would be first served they should make

a personal apeal to their senators and

representatives in congress without delay.

A possible solution of





The Farm Labor the farm labor prob-





Problem. lem, particularly on

the larger farms of the

state, has been advanced by State Im-





migration Commissioner Carton. Briefly

stated, Mr. Carton’s proposal is to co-

operate with the Grange, as the most

suitable available organization to act for

the farmers in the several localities of

the state, whether they may be grangers

or not. The scheme is to have the local

Grange organizations make a canvas of

the communities in which their member~

ship is located to ascertain the kind and

amount of help which may be needed;

whether a man with a family to live In

a tenant house, a family with girls to help

in the house or dairy, or a family with

boys to assist on the farm. This infor-

mation to be forwarded. as gathered, to

a man in charge of this work in the east,

who will, under an arrangement with the

immigration authorities which has been

consummated by Commissioner Carton,

make a. selection of the laborers from the

agricultural sections of Europe who may

be found among the immigrants coming

to our shores, and arrange with them to

work upon the farms of the Michigan

people who have applied for help of this

kind.



Mr. Carton’s idea is to have the Grange

name the man who will represent the

farmers in New York. and his contention

is that by thus increasing the amount of

available farm labor,'the farmers of the

state may be able to produce a larger

amount of food stuffs which can be mar-

keted at a smaller price per unit and still

increase the profit made from their

farms, and that in this way considerable

benefit will accrue .both to the farmers

themselves as producers and to our

urban population as consumers through

the operation of this proposed plan.



There are, of course, some objections

to this plan, which will be likely to pre-

vent its general adoption unon the farms

of the state, objections which will occur

both to the farmer seeking additional

help and to the immigrants seeking a.

job. one» of the most potent of these ob-

jections is a. difliculty in breaking in a.





l





THE” MICHIGAN FARMER.





raw. recruit who, while 116 may be famil-

iar with the agricultural practices of the





European country from which he comes, ;





will not be familiar with the routine work

upon American farms, and this process

of adaptation will necessarily be slow

where neither one of the parties con-

cerned are conversant with the language

spoken by the; other. . ,



This difficulty is less apparent where

the immigrant drifts tolour larger centers

of population, as the great bulk of them

have been doing in recent years, since

in this instance they are often able to

secure work where the superintendent

may be of their own nationality, or speak

their language, or where in any event

some of their fellow workmen will be able

to act as interpreters. This, however, is

not an insurmountable objection and in

every case, particularly on the farm

which is edulpped with a tenant house, it

need not necessarily bar an arrangement

of this kind.



Without, question, where help could be

secured for the housewife, as suggested,

this might prove adequate compensation

for the other difficulties noted. There is

no doubt but that the immigrants from

the agricultural sections of northern Eu-

rope, or a considerable proportion of

them at least, are both intelligent and

industrious and have in them the making

of good citizens, as well as good workers,

and that it would be to their benefit, as

well, perhaps, as to the benefit of the

country at large to divert some of this

class of immigrants to the country dis-

tricts.



On the other band, the large proportion

of the farmers who are obliged to employ

hired help and have no tenant houses in

which men of families may be housed.

will prefer to secure the best available

"home talent,” where the hired help

must be taken into the farmer’s family.

However, with so many of the country

young men seeking employment in the

city, there is an undoubted shortage of

available farm labor of this class, even

at wages which compare favorably with

the opportunities offeied in manufactur—

ing centers, and this effort of Commis-

sioner Carton to offer an adequate so-

lution will be watched with no small in-

terest by the farmers of the state.





The office of immigration commissioner

was created by an act of the legislature at

the last regular session, which delegated

the added duties of an Immigration Com-

mission to the Public Domain Commis-

sionsion of the state and Mr. Carton, who

was secretary of this commission, was

designated as the Commissioner of Im-

migration, under authority of which office

the scheme above outlined is being work-

ed out.





 





HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.





National.



In his annual report to the President,

secretary of war Stimson declares that

the army of the United States is prac-

tically unprepared for field operations,

which fact he attributes to the scattering

of the troops over the country in the

many posts, and also to the lack of re-

serves. The secretary also, urges that

the right of American citizenship be

extended to the natives of Porto Rico.



An explosion in the Cross Mountain

mine at Briceville, Tenn, last Saturday

morning was thought to have killed at

least 100 men who were in the mine at

the time. However, on Monday five per-

sons were taken Out alive, and it is now

believed that others who were thought

dead will be rescued. Until Monday night

22 bodies have been removed. Fire damp,

which wasthe cause of the disaster, pre-

vents more rapid operations by rescue

parties



Members of the league of republican

clubs are in session in \Vashington, mak-

ing arrangements for the coming national

republican convention.



F1re on Coney Island, the playground of

New York city, destroyed property to the

value of $150,000 Monday afternoon.



James B. and J. J. McNamara. have

been committed to the San Quentin pris-

on of California for dynamiting in Los

Angclcs. At least 25 witnesses are ex—

pected to appear before the grand jury

in session at Los Angeles in the investi—

gation of affairs growing out of the con-

fessions of the McNamaras.



C. P. Rodgers, who four weeks ago

practically completed his transecontinent-

a1 trip on an aeroplane, finished the last

eight miles from Crampton, where he

fell and almost lost his life, to Long

Branch, Cal. The actual flying time from

the Atlantic to the Pacific was three

days, 10 hours and 14 minutes.



For the first time since 1883 the post-

,office department has paid all expenses

and returned a profit during the fiscal

year ending June 30, 1911. The revenues

amounted to $237,879,823.30 and the ex-

penditures to $237,660,705AS, leaving a.

surplus of $219,118.12. At the beginning

of the fiscal year in 1909 there was a

deficit of over $17,000,000. The report of

the department testifies to the successful

operation of the postal savings banks.

The system has been extended to prac-

tically all of the 7. 500 presidential offices

of the country. Preparations are being

made to extend same to about 40,000





'crop of 1910,





.sula.





 





-{firth- «class. chime. A recommend. ation

' t a system of parcels post be estab-

liahed alto made.



Charges have been made of the buying

and selling of votes in open market in





Fayette county, Pa. The parties making

the charges claim conditions are worse

than they were in Adams county, Ohio,

where conditions that startled and

amazed the whole country were uncov-

ere



The Michigan employers’ liability and

workingmen’s compensation commission

has completed its report, which includes

the draft of a bill to be submitted to .the

coming state legislature. The commis—

sion has incorporated in the bill features

of similar laws for Massachusetts, Wis-

consin and Washington, and it is believed

that the bill will meet with popular

favor.



The commerce court has made perma-

nent the injunction restraining the inter-

state commerce commission from enforc-

ing its order for a reduction in cross

country rates. The question will be car-

ried to the supreme court and will decide

the long and short haul clause of the

railroad act of 1910.



Foreign.





Ontario elections resulted in a. victory

for the conservatives, although the ma-

jority is slightly below that of the former

government. The returns show 82 con-

servatives, 23 liberals and one independent

elected.



King GustaVe of Sweden, presented

three of the Nobel prizes to the winners

on December 10. The successful- parties

were Mme. Marie Sklodowska Curie, In

chemistry; Prof. Wilhelm Wien. in phy-

sics, and Prof. Gullstrand in medicine.

The Nobel prizes each amount to nearly

$40, 000.



The Persian cabinet refused to accept

any tentatiVe proposition from Russia

which provides for the dismissal of the

American treasurer, Schuster, who, they

claim; has been able to prevent the

plundering of the treasury department

of the government.



The. insurance bill before the British.

House of Lords has reached the second

reading. The bill provides for the gen-

eral insurance of employee, such as is

now in force in Germany.



In an open letter, Easouez Gomez,

former secretary for the statevof Mex—

ico, who was supposed to have joined

General Reyes to aid in the overthrow

of the Maderio government, states that

he is favorable to the present adminis-

tratiton and against the Reyista move-

men





 





NATIONAL CROP REPORT.



The Crop Reporting Board of the Bu-

reau of Statistics of the United States

Department of Agriculture makes the

following report:



Adopting the census statement of the

acreage of winter wheat harvested in

1909 as a. basis or starting point, and tak-

ing into consideration the estimated

abandonment before harvest, it is esti--

mated that the acreage planted for the

crop of 1909 was 29,301,000 acres; for the

31,656,000 acres; and for

the crop of 1911, 32,648,000 acres.



From reports of correspondents and

agents of the Bureau, it is estimated that

the area sown in the fall of 1911 for the

1912 winter wheat crop is approximately

1.3 per cent less than sown last year (fall

of 1910); this would be equivalent to a

total of 32,213,000 acres, on the revised

basis indicated above.



The condition of the crop on December

1 was 86.6 per cent of normal, against

82.5 on December 1, 1910 and 1909, re-

spectively, and a ten-year December av-

erage of 89.9.



Adopting the census statement of the

acreage of rye harvested in 1909 as a

basis or starting point, and taking into

consideration the estimated abandonment

before harvest, it is estimated that the

acreage planted for the crop of 1909 was

2,325,000 acres; for the crop of 1910, 2,413,-

000 acres; and for the crop of 1911, 2,415,-

000 acres.



From reports of correspondents and

agents of the Bureau, it is estimated that

the area sown in the fall of 1911 for the

1912 rye crop is approximately 0.9 per

cent more than sown last year (fall or

1910); this would be equivalent to a total

of 2,436,000 acres, on the revised basis

indicated above.



The condition of the crop on December

1 was 93.3 per cent of normal, against 92.6

and 94.1 on December 1, 1910 and 1909,

respectively, and a ten-year December

average of 92.8





 





 





MICHIGAN CROP REPORT.





 





Wheat.—The condition of wheat as

compared with an average per cent is 86

in the state, 83 in the southern counties,

88 in the central counties, 92 in the north-

ern counties and 94 in the upper penin-

One year ago the per cent was 96

in the state, 95 in the southern counties,

98 in the central counties, 99 in the

northern counties and 92 in the upper

peninsula. The total number of bushels

of wheat marketed by farmers in No-

vember at 120 fiouring mills is 179,794 and

at 114 elevators and to grain dealers 179,—

169, or a. total of 358,963 bushels. Of this

amount 231,713 bushels were ,marketed

in the southern four tiers of counties,

108,648 in the central counties, and 18,-

602 in the northern counties and upper

peninsula. The estimated total number

of bushels of wheat marketed in the

four months, August-November, ls 6,000, -

000. Fifty-eight mills, elevators and

grain dealers report no wheat marketed

in November. The total number of bush-

els of wheat yet remaining In possession

of growers is estimated at 8,144,.000



Rye. —The condition of rye as compared

with an average per cent is 88 in the

state and central counties, 85 in the

southern counties, 93 in the northern



(Continued on page 543).
POETRY

HISTORY an?





LITERATURE i

INFORMATION ‘





 





 





 





 





   





77w FARM BOY

an? GIRL



SCIENTIFIC an?



MECHANICAL





   

   

   





 





 





 





 





 





THE SANTA CLAUS of SWISS FOLKLORE.





product of the imagination, but



was a real, living personality.

There is no written history or biography

of his life and doings, and, so far as I

have been able to ascertain, there never

was. All that is known about him has

come down to us through the centuries in

folklore—4n unwritten history, transmit-

ted from one generation to another by

word of mouth. That, as is well known,

is not an unusual way, even now, of

transmitting knowledge of facts, or of

persons and events. In times past”, es-

pecially before the art of printing was in-

troduced, oral history was in better re-

pute than it now is, and also more i‘c-

liable because intelligent people had bet—

ter ability to remember things, and, on

the average, more conscientious regard

for truth.



Let it be distinctly understood, at the

outset, that this story of Santa Claus is

not a legend. A legend is a traditional

story or narrative, with some facts, gen—

erally more or less obscure, mixed in, but

not reliable as historical information.

Folklore, on the other hand, is more ,re-

liable as to truth and fact.



I first heard this story of Santa Claus,

when a child about eight years of age.

My parents, from.whom I heard it, were

Christians—of the praying sort, and so

also were their parents, from whom they

heard the story—and so on back, from

generation to generation, the story may

be traced along a channel as reliable as

human memory and Christian honesty

can be relied upon. My telling of the

story is somewhat hampered by the fact

that my memory recalls it in German,

my mother tongue, in which it was relat-

ed to us children, in Switzerland, many

years ago.



The Santa Claus of my story was orig-

inally and familiarly known by the name

of "Father Klaus” (Vater Klaus),

“Klaus,” being an abbreviation of “Nich-





THE original Santa Claus is not a





olaus.” He was one of the better sort of

Christians, as they averaged in those

days of ignorance and superstitious





credulity. To him the living of the

Christian life .meant imitation of the

perfect human life which Christ manl-

fested in living and dying for others.

Father Klaus was not called a saint

(from the Latin word, sanctus, holy) in

the days of his quiet, but very practical

holy living. The title, saint, was con-

ferred upon him by his church, sometime

after his death, in recognition of his good

and useful life. From that time on he

was known, in all the region of his form-

er benevolent activities, as “Sanct

Klaus,” and that name has come down to

us by common consent in the familiar

form of Santa Claus.



It is a matter of deep regret to me that

the folklore which transmitted to us

the name failed to transmit also the

fame of Father Klaus as the father of

the Christmas-tree idea, as well as a

somewhat correct knowledge of his per-

sonality, character and good works. There

is—or was when I was a little boyma

distinct trace left of this among the peo-

ple of the Alpine region of Switzerland.





'Some of these people it was, who, coming





to the new world and settling in colonies

here and there, perpetuated the Christ-

mas—tree folklore among themselves by

celebrating as a religious festival the old-

time Christmas eve with their children.

Here, then, we have the origin of our

popular custom, adopted by common con-

sent by nearly all classes of our people,

of making the decorated evergreen tree

a prominent feature of the annual Christ'—

mas eve celebration, especially intended

for our children.



The Swiss Americans, however, from

whom the custom was borrowed, were

not responsible for the‘American cari-

cature of the original Santa. Claus. The

American idea is a myth, as commonly





 

 





BY J. D. GEHRING.





presented at Christmas eve festivals. The

mistake made by the Americans was and

is the omission from their Christmas-tree

programs of the Swiss religious element

as the chief feature, and the substitution

of a clownish character called Santa

Claus, together with a more or less frolic-

some and frivolous performance called

an entertainment. The foreign-born

Swiss have never, to my knowledge, in-

troduced a mimic Santa Claus into their

celebration of the Christmas festival, for

the very good reason, I think, that to





never in Switzerland do they mimic the

hero of their Christmas-tree story, though

they rccall him to their children by ex—

plaining to them that it was Father

Klaus who first conceived the beautiful

idea of symbolizing Heaven's greatest

gift, to man by an cvergreen tree adorned

with lights and red—checked pears and





apples and clusters of beautiful black

grapes, and other good and beautiful





things so pleasing and delightful to chil—

dren.

Father Klaus—so the story goes—was





 





Paints a faint light of





Is changed to crimsOn.





Of living flame which,

The landscape with a

Shows flashing jewels





Glistens like diamonds





On snow-white canvas





A rabbit springs along,





A deeper cold.





Above the trees.

Star after star appears

Until the whole broad





 





A DAY IN WINTER.





By Mildred M. North.





The waning moon, a silver crescent thin,



Puts out her light ere the new day begin.



The white stars take their candles one by one

And follow ere the coming of the sun.



The blackness hiding all the sea and land

Grows slowly gray, while a swift unseen Hand





Which, as the slow-winged daylight is increased,





In regal robes of rose and amethyst.



Up from behind the low dark fringe which shows

The distant wocd, into the glow which grows

More deeply crimsOn, comes the sun—a ball





From the wide chimneys,

Above the farmhouse roof, the smoke-wreaths crawl.

The milk pails rattle; then from out their shed



The sleek cows come with slow reluctant tread.





At noon the sky bends blue above; the snow

The sunlight silhouettes the tall gaunt trees





From bush to tree, with loud discordant cries

And restless movements, a lone bluejay flies.

Bevies of snowbirds circle through the air



With graceful whirl, then slowly settle where

Some tall weed lifts its head above the snow,

Or where the wild rose’

To take their midday meal.





Wlth eye and ear alert for danger near.

Upon the frosty air comes, sweet and clear,

The ring of sleigh bells.

Of clear icicles catch a hundred fires



From the white sunshine, throwing back its_parts

In many hues from out their crystal hearts,



And, glistening in the light which noon receives,

Hang like inverted Milan from the caves.





The sun sinks early, down behind the hills

Snow-capped and silent.

The haying of a hound,



Late from the hunt, comes with a mournful sound.

A great star like a gleaming jewel glows



Then, as the darkness grows,





Far in the north the weird auroral light

Flashes its silent signals through the night.

Slow round the pole the seven sisters swing,

Bringing us one day nearer to the Spring.





topaz in the east





Fleecy clouds are drest





rising, touches all

radiant light. The snow

in the golden glow.

rising dark and tall





any queen might show.





where they seem to freeze.





s bright red berries grow,

With dainty tread

then lifts its head





Slender fragile spires





 





Through the air there thrills





to light the haze

heaven is ablaze.





 





 





them it would seem too much akin to

sacrilegious mockery. And so deep and

lasting has been the impression upon my

mind of the folklore story of the original

Sancta Klaus, as I heard it in childhood,

that I have never yet learned to regard

the American misrepresentation of him

with any degree of approval.



My memory also recalls the fact that





trudging joyfully along one Christmas

day, loaded to the limit of his strength

with a great pack of various kinds of gifts

for the children of his parish, for this

annual remembrance of the children was

one of the great joys that filled the life

of this devout and charitable man. Like

an inspiration, the thought came to him:

“Wouldn’t it please the children very





much to hear me tell the story of the

Star of Bethlehem, the birth of the babe

Jesus over sixteen hundred years ago, in

a way they've never heard, and I’ve never

yet told? Yes,” he said, musingly, as he

looked at the shapely young fir trees on

either side of his path, "I shall begin

my new Christmas lesson today, and

teach the dear children what is to me so

grand and inspiring.” Suiting the action

to the thought, Father Klaus cut one of

the little green bcauties near the ground,

and then, with his pocket knife, trimmed

off some of the lower limbs as he went

on his way. \\'l'.cn he arrived at the but

of one of the mountaineer families, he

placed the tree upon the family dining-

table by setting the root end into a jar

of sand. Then be suspended from its

branches the presents for the children

that were bcautiful to look at and good to

eat, laying all the others intended for the

children of that family upon the table;

and, putting a few small wax candles in

the most conspicuous positions upon the

tree and lighting them, he invited parents





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





and children to come and take seats

around the table. 110 then chanted a

familiar hymn, the parents and the elder





oncs of the children joining, after which

ho reoucstcd the mother to make a report

to him as to the conduct and behavior of

lhc children since his last visit. A good

l't’lilil‘i concerning any one of them was

heartily commended by Father Klaus, and

a rcport not commendable concerning one

or another received a few kindly-Spoken

words of reproof and admonition. Each

child was addressed separately by Father

Klaus, commcnding or reproving, as the

case. might be, according to the mother’s

report. It is said, too, according to the

story, that in extremely bad cases of re-

ported misconduct Father Klaus would

present the guilty one with a birch

switch, instead of a present that could be

eaten or worn, at the same time charg-

ing the mother to use it if no better be-

havior followed. However, before going

in his way to the Text family, Father

Klaus lot“. with the mother all the pres-

ents intended for the unfortunate child,

to be given to him. or her, after confes-

sion, and a promise to do better.



This ceremony having been religiously

attended to, Father Klaus explained to

them all the meaning of the tree and the

things upon it. He said: “As I under-

stand it, my dear children, this tree re-

minds us of everlasting life. It is ever-

green, always green and vigorous and

fresh as it grows on the mountain—side,

because it nevcr sheds its foliage as other

trees do. \l'hen we look at the brightly

shining lights upon it, we are reminded

of .‘ho star that shone for the kings, the

\Vise Mon ot‘ the East, when they sought

and found the new King, the night He

was born in Bethlehem. \Ve are remind-

ed, also, that .lcsus proclaimed himself to

bc the. Light of the \Vorld, which means

that some time the glorious light of the

knowledge of God, and of His wisdom and

of His love, shall be shed abroad over the

whole earth, so that there shall be no

more ignorance, nor sin, nor sickness, nor

woe and misery; and no more dying and

wecping and mourning in that neVer-end-

ing Day. You will remember that, dear

children, will you not?” .



'l‘hen, directing attention to the fruit

hanging from the boughs of the tree, as

though it had grown there, Father Klaus

explained its





symbolic meaning as a.

Christmas lesson by telling them, in a.

simple, instructive way, the story of

Eden.





“Those clusters of grapes,” he is said

to have explained, pointing to the tree,

“are there to remind us of what Jesus

said to his disciples when he likened him-

self to a grapevine (John 15:1), and them

to the branches." .



The lesson ended, and all of the family

made happy and thankful for the gifts
Father Klaus had distributed among

them, he again took upon his back the





, heavy load of Christmas gifts yet remain-

chanting words of-





fig and departed,

praise and thankfulness as he trudged

along through the deep Alpine snow on

his way to the next stopping place. Of

course he did not forget to select, as he

had done before, a. suitable fir tree for

use as a Christmas lesson farther on.





This. according to the folklore story

as I heard it, Father Klaus continued,

going from one hut_ to the next, until all

the families .of his parish had been visited

on Christmasday. It was notpossible.

of course, for him to do all this on the

evening before Christmas. The Christ-

mas eve celebration of our time is a

modern invention, concerning which Fath-

er Klaus knew nothing.





 





 





THE BACHELOR UNCLE





BY EVERITT McNElL.





Synopsis of Preceding Chapters—John

Delvin, farmer, bachelor, is suddenly in-

formed that his niece and nephew are

being sent to him for safe keeping, while

their parents take a vacation trip. His

consternation at this responsibility proves

to be well founded as Teddy the nephew,

is a young dare devil, and Ellen, his

sister, is his ardent worshiper. They have

never been in the country before and

have some wild ideas about conditions

there. This fact brings them into many

unusual and amusing situations which

prOVe very trying to Mary Jane, the

Bachelor Uncle’s conscientious and sedate

old housekeeper. Little Ellen’s innocent

observation that Uncle John ought to

have a wife brings out the fact that the

uncle has had a. serious love affair and

that, for some mysterious reason, the

woman whom he loved, Elsie Lamont,

and who he was convinced loved him,

turned from him to Harry Rodney, a

wealthy man of his own age in the neigh-

borhood, and who was known to resemble

Delvin physically. Their wedding is near

at-r hand. On an exploring trip Teddy

and Ellen see a young woman, Belle

Murdock, fall from a high bank into the

creek. They drag her out, seriously in-

jured. Soon Rodney and Miss Lamont

happen along and assist the injured

woman, later taking her to her home.

As Belle Murdock’s father, Red Mur-

dock, is a worthless fellow, and she is

practically the sole support and caretaker

of little Joey, her crippled brother, Delvin

goes over to the house in the morning to

offer his assistance, taking Teddy and

Ellen with him.





 





There is little hope for the home of the

man who has such convictions and the

folly to live up to them, nor the children

who are brought up amid such surround-

ings; and Belle Murdock, I am sorry to

say, was the child of her home. She was

a tall, lithe girl, with snapping black

eyes, straight black hair and olive com-

plexion, and of a gipsy-like beauty very

attractive to some men. But she had a

vixenish temper, and, in her way. she

was as shiftiess as was her father. For-

tunately there was but one other child,

little Joey: but he, unfortunately, was a

cripple, with a painful spinal trouble that

kept him in the house most of the time.

All the neighborhood knew how carefully

and lovingly Belle Murdock had cared

for him since the mother died, and, be-

cause of the knowledge of this sisterly

devotion, all had a tender spot in their

hearts for the girl, and pitied her more

than they condemned her.



The house was situated a little back

from the road, near the bank of the river.

As I turned into the driveway leading to

the door, I was surprised to meet Harry

Rodney mounted on his black racer. I

had never known of his taking any inter-

est before in the fortunes or misfortunes

of the class of people to whom Belle

Murdock belonged, and hence my surprise

in finding him coming from this lowly

house of trouble. Probably he was there

because Elsie, who, I knew, had a heart

full of kindly consideration for all in mis-

fortune, had sent him. I fancy the meet—

ing was not a pleasant one to either of

us. I know it was not to me, and I saw

Rodney start and frown when he caught

sight of me, but his greeting was cordial

enough.



“Good morning, Mr. Delvin,” he said,

stopping his horse. “ What an unfortu—

nate accident this fall of Miss Murdock’s

was. Poor girl, the doctor does not hold

out much hope for her recovery. Elsie,"

I thought I detected a gleam of triumph.

in his eyes as he pronounced the name,

“is very anxious to know how she is this

morning, so I rode over to 'inquire, and

to see if there was anything Elsie or I

could do. You know Elsie and I came to

Miss Murdock’s assistance, after this

brave little boy and girl had pulled her

out of the water,” and he nodded to

Ellen and Teddy.



I expreSSed' my sorrow at the serious

nature of Miss Murdock’s injuries, and

my hope that they would not prove fatal.

I did this as shortly as possible, for I did

not like the way he was coupling Elsie’s

name with his own, and I had no wish to

prolong the interview. If he had spoken

thus to make me feel his triumph, he cer-

tainly was accomplishing his object, for

I did feel it, and bitterly.





“Of course you know that Elsie Lamont

and I are to be married a week from next

Sunday,” he continued. “It is a love

match, and we are both very happy; and,

somehow, I feel like telling everybody of

my good luck. I suppose you think me

very foolish, you are such a staid old

bachelor; but wait until you love a girl

like Elsie Lamont, though I doubt if there

is another like her in the whole world, at

least there is not for me,” and he smiled.

“Can't you congratulate me, John Delvin?

You know the value of the prize I have

won."



His black eyes looked straight into

mine, and I knew that he meant the

words to cut—and they did-right to the

heart. I felt my blood begin to tingle,

and my fingers itch to grip him by the

neck, as he sat there on his horse watch-

ing me with that gleam of triumph in his

eyes and that impudent smile upon his

lips, and choke the name of Elsie for-

ever out of his throat. Yet, I had to hide

the pain and rage in my heart and to

answer his courteous words with other

Words of courtesy, for I. the scorned suit-

or, had no right to publicly resent what

Rodney, with such seeming courtesy, had

told mc. In another way his words gave

me pain, for they convinced me of the

truth of what I had long felt, that Rod-

ney at heart was not a gentleman, and

unworthy of the wedded love of a girl

like Elsic Lamont. A gentleman would

have scorncd the meanness of thus tri-

umphing over a defeated rival; for I could

read plainly the motives back of all of

Rodney’s words, and, while I despised the

man, I felt with even greater keenness,

the bitterness of his triumph.



“Mr. Rodney,” I said, “I do wish you

and Miss Lamont a long and happy life,

if you wed; but.” and I smiled, “you

know the old saying: ‘There is many a

slip ’twixt the cup and the lip,’ and much

can happen, even in one week. Hence, I

trust, you will not think my congratula-

tions the less sincere if I withhold them

until after the wedding." I spoke. banter-

ingly. to hide my feelings; and I wonder-

ed what there was in my words to cause

the sudden look of fear and hatred that

flashed over Harry Rodney’s face; but he

answcred me quietly enough.



“Such sayings are for old women and

disappointed suitors, not for happy lovers

like Elsie and me. John Delvin, the wo-

man does not live who can make a fool

of me, and God pity the man who tries

it. Good morning,” and his eyes, for an

instant, looked defiantly, threateningly in-

to mine, and he dug his spurs into his

horse‘s flanks and galloped off.



“Uncle John!” Teddy's voice was full

of suppressed emotion. “Uncle John, if~—

lf—if you want to punch that big ,man

I’ll hold the horses. I know you can do

it, even if he is big cause you are so

strong.”



“No, no; oh, don't fight. Uncle John;

’cause he might make your nose bleed,”

and Ellen caught me by the hand, and

looked up pleadingly into my face.



God forgive me! But how I did want

to feel the grip of my hands around the

throat that had voiced those last venom-

ous sentences! No, no, theremust be no

lighting, for Elsle's sake, unless he was

plainly the aggressor; and then, let him

beware.



“Fighting would not mend matters be-

tween us, Teddy,” I answered, shortly.

“Get up,” and I drove to Red Murdock’s

door.



\Vhen I knocked a childish voice called;

“Come in,” and little Joey struggled to

his feet to greet us, as we entered.

,“My papa’s‘ gone to town.” he said.

“Th‘ other big marl sent him as soon as

he comed in. He’s goin' to fetch me some

candy an' somethin’ good to eat,” and the

sunken eyes lit up and the thin face

flushed with pleasure. “Belle is awful

sick.” and his voice became lower. “She

felled an’ hurted her head. She’s bad

this mornin’ ’causa I heered her cryin'

when th' other big 'man was with her, an'





he shut th' door an' I, couldn’t come in to-





comfort her. Did you want to see Belle?





THE MICHIGAN ~'tantrumsa"...





I'll tell her you’ ve corned " and the poor





little fellow started to cross the floor,





painfully dragging his almost helpless loss

after him.



Teddy sprang quickly to his side.

“Can’t I help you?" he said, very gently

throwing one arm under the frail shoul-

ders. "There, now we’ll pull together like

a team of mules.”



The boy looked at Teddy in surprise,

then he smiled. “I like you,” he said,

and from that moment Teddy was his

hero.



When Joey reached the bedroom where

Belle Murdock lay, he went up to her bed

and announced, in a loud whisper: “Sis—

ter, big John Delvin” an’ a good little boy,

an’ a pretty little girl have corned to see

you, an' they've got a big basket with

somethin ’in it."



"I don’t want to see John Delvin; I

don't want to see John Delvin,” she an-

swered fretfully. ‘



“But, ’tain’t nice to tell company to go

away,” pleaded Joey. "An' here's the

good little boy. He—he corned in with

me."



“Good morning,” said Teddy. “Uncle

John and Ellen and I called to see how

you were getting on. I hope you are bet-

ter this morning. You know I’m the boy

who helped you out of the water."



There was a moment's silence. then I

heard the woman say: “Come up closer,

where I can see you face. Give me your

hand. Yes, you do favor John Delvin.

You’re a fine brave boy, an’ you saved

my life that day. God bless you! Oh,

oh! the pain in my head an’ back! It’s

killing me! Killing me! An' I don’t want

to die! I’m not fit to die!" and she began

to sob and moan. There was a deeper

agony than pain and the natural fear of

death in her voice.



I put ceremony to one side and stepped

to the bedroom door. “Pardon me, Miss

Murdock,” I said, “but Ellen and Teddy

told me of your accident and we have

called to see if we can do you a neigh—

borly turn. Mary Jane has put up a few

things for you and Joey and your, father

to eat, because she thought that you

could not do much cooking, for a few days

at least. Now, you musn’t feel so badly

all we can; and we’ll play—I can stay,

right in a day or two. I am on my way

to town, and I will have my own family

doctor, Doctor Goldthorp, call to see you.

He will put you on your feet in a jiffy.

On my way back I will stop and get

Widow Thorpe to come and stay with you

for a few days, until you are better.

Come, Joey. let us see what goodies Mary

Jane has packed in the basket for you.

I think I saw her putting in a frosted

cake, and some tarts, and raisin cookies.

Come,” and stooping, I very tenderly lift-

ed his frail form up into my arms and

bore him back to the other room.



I could see that my presence, for some

reason, disturbed Belle Murdock very

much. She had given me a frightened

glance, as I entered the room, and then

had turned abruptly from me, and never

had answered a word. The glimpse I had

of her face startled me by its pallor, its

marks of suffering, and the despairing

look in the eyes. Evidently she was a

very ill woman, too ill to be held in any

way responsible for the ungracious man-

ner of my reception.



I sat Joey down in a chair by the ta-

ble, and opened the basket. He watched

me hungrily, and when I came to the

frosted cake and cookies and jellies he

clapped his thin hands and laughed joll—

fully. I cut a generous slice from the

cake, and Ellen passed it to him; but he.

shook his little head bravely.



“No, no,” he said, “I must save all the

nice things for Belle, ’cause she’s sick.

Belle always gives me th’ best of every-

thin' when she’s well. You don't know

how good Belle’s been to me since ma

died, an' now she’s took sick, an'—an‘,”

his eyes filled with tears.



Ellen looked at the thin, pain-marked

face for a moment, and then she put her

arms around the child’s neck, and kissed

him, and smoothed his hair back from

his forehead, and said: “Don't cry, ’cause

I know your sister will get well now,

’cause Uncle John has come. Uncle John

can do’ most anything, ’cause he’s good.

And——” She hesitated just a moment.

“And I’ll stay with you while Uncle John

and Teddy go to town; and, oh, We’ll

have such a good time! We’ll put some

jelly in a. saucer. and some tarts and

cookies and cake on a plate, and we’ll

bring it to your sister; and we'll set the

table for ourselves, and eat and eat just

all we can; and we’ll play—I can stay,

can’t I, Uncle John?” and she looked at

me beseechingly.



“Why, Ellen, I thought you wished to

go to town," I answered. .



(Continued next week).





 





 





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will like her. , She will re-

mind you that whenever you’re

tired or thirsty to





Drink





   

   

   

   

 





   





   





(IN "

' ”€5.57 .





-ylAy





"lin j”.





the one beverage that will refresh you, quench

your (hint and please your palate.





Our new free booklet, telling of Coca-Cola

vindiution at Chattanooga, for the asking.





THE COCA-COLA co.,



. P. O. Box 1734

Whenever Atlanta, Ga.

you see an





Arrow think - .





of Coca-Cola. . >

Hi5

THE"BEST"LIGHT





, 'A pariah pure white, stead



i ht. Brighter than electricity or

meaty one. 100 candle power. 10 grease,

dirtnorodor. hood install fly. Costs

S cts. per week. ver 80:! styles. Every

lamp! warranted. won“!- I!“





g. D 1; cl'2

(0" 0M 0 nome:y CO.

980 I. an an. canton. one





MAKES AND BURNS ITS OWN 0.13





BAG We buy second hand,





sound and torn.





   

   

 

 

 





 

 

 





 

 

 





 





   

 

 





   

   

 

 





as;





 





 





 





 





IROQUOIS BIG 00.. Buflalo, N; Y.‘





 





 





i
one. 16. 1911.-

c'H mamas ALL: rusiwssn. - ,-





BY VAN B. W. HORTON.

Ring out thebells, and welcome here

This brightest festive day,

For “Christmas comes but once a year;”

But happiest are they

Whose quickened ear is trained to hear

The angels' 'song alway.





. The selfish ones who eat and drink





n





With laughter, song and glee,

But never of the needy think,

A one—day Christmas see.





While they who heed the Christ’s com-

mands, .

Who live with conscience clear

And greet the poor with open hands,

Have- Christmas all the year.





Each night they hear His angels sing

“Good will and peace.” again.



And see;each golden morning bring

His gifts of love to men—





The pleasures of their daily walk;

Sweet light, and vital breath;



The DQWer to think, the power to talk;

Life’s triumph over death;





The beauty of the vales and hills;

The singing birds. and flowers;



All, all, are gifts with which He fills

This pleasant world of ours.





For He came down to teach and die

To raise us up, and then,



When He ascended upon high,

Gave life’s full boon to men.





And so they ken a Christmas-tide

Beyond death's mystic stream,



Where all His Faithful friends abide,

And life is bliss supreme. ~





 





 





A CHRISTMAS IN THE SUNNY SOUTH.





 





BY ELISABETH ROBERTS LITTS.





I was invited to spend the greatest of

all festive seasons—Christmas——in the

sunny south. I looked forward to it with

great expectation, nor was I disappoint-

ed. To a girl from the north who has

never been below the Mason and Dixon

line, and whose only knowledge of the

southland has been gained from books

and the drama, a great many surprises

are revealed. My anticipations of the

novel things I was to witness were doubly

realized, and the thought, “can this be

Uncle Sam’s country, too?” was often

impressed upon me.



Perhaps the thing that strikes you first

as being of the south-southey is the col-

ored population, as the black faces ap-

pear at every turn. You are bustled into

your cab by a black porter and driven to

your destination by a negro driver. At

the door another gentleman of color takes

your baggage, and you are shown to

your room by a mulatto girl wearing a

white apron and cap, as the old southern

families retain the custom of having their

house servants appear as neat as pos-

sible although the old style of family

livery is now seldom seen.



I had heard of the old southern homes

with their yawning fireplaces. The house

to which I went as guest was a large,

old-fashioned brick, with a hall through

the center. I was told that it was the

largest house in the city at the time of

the war and had witnessed many en-

counters of the blue and the gray, as

this was the historic city of Chattanooga.



When I stepped into my room the ex-

tremely high ceilings, With the long win-

dows coming down to the floor, and the

great width of the apartment, appalled

me. I looked for the fireplace the first

thing and instantly perceived the bright

lights flickering on the walls as the flames

shot up the great chimney. These fire-

places are the bright spots that relieve





the dreariness of the large rooms, with

their “old-timey” dark furniture and

trimmings. About them there is an air





of cheerfulness and they give a very

homelike and comfortable feeling.

Having often heard of the hot bread of

the south, and having had visions of

warm, steaming, light bread, hot and

clammy, such as you have often eaten

at home when the bread runs out before

the new baking is cold, I fancied life

there, for the cooks, must be one doughy

round of yeast, kneading, and scorching

ovens. But here is where weak suppo-

sition comes to naught. Bread, such as

We know it in the north—raised bread—

is almost as much a novelty as an Uncle

Tom’s Cabin show or a boy whistling

”While we were Marching Through Geor-

gia.” Hot bread in the south means bis-

cuit and corn pone. Yes, pone is the

right name, because the corn bread we

are accustomed to is called egg bread,

down there, and is considered quite a

delicacy. The regular diet in the bread

line is biscuit for breakfast, also hot

cakes and molasses; for dinner there is

the corn pone, and biscuit, too, but al-

ways the corn pone. With supper time

comes biscuit again. little flaky biscuits,

for if there is anything in practice mak-

ing perfection the negro cook of the south





 

 





making. Light bread, as they 'term- it,

is aside dish, up extra affair seen at sup-

per time perhaps once or twice a week,

but, .in well regulated southern homes,

never oftener.



The southern people are delightful.

They have true hospitality, but they are

reserved and wish to find out who you

are and what you are before they take

you into their circle of friends, although

‘you are always treated with a politeness

and consideration that has long been one

of the endearing qualities of these peo-

ple. What. impressed me most in the

contrasts that I was wont to draw, was

the different mode of speech and manner

in addressing you. Their tones are soft

and well modulated and the 'words are

pronounced very lightly. Scarcely ever

is an “r” sounded. You are always ad-

dressed as Miss Clara, for instance, never

as Miss Smith. It is Mr. Jim and Mr.

Harry, too, an old-time custom that orig-

inated with the darkies in slave times

and gradually crept into the talk of

the white people. as many of the old

darkey superstitions and weird fancies

“have done.



But I was to tell of Christmas time in

the south and not of the ways of these

people. This is surely a period of cheer

and good will. It is not merely the pass-

ing of the day, as it is with the busy

bustling north, but in the south it is an

occasion looked forward to all year. It

is the time when the boys and girls come

home from college. The married daugh-

ter. with her children, comes to spend the

holidays with the old folks at home. The

son who is out in the world takes his va-

cation at Christmas time so he can join

the merry family group, for this is home-

coming time, and an unbroken family

circle is the happiest event that can take

place in the southern home.



I had wanted to see the mistletoe

growing, for the south is the home of

this yuletide feature which bears with it

so many pretty little romances and le-

gends. A friend offered to take me up on

the mountainside where, he said, we

would find mistletoe. It was a beauti-

fully clear day and we rode through the

hills where the ground was covered with

exquisitely tinted autumn leaves—such

beautiful shades as are only found in

.mountainous countries. I could not help

thinking of a nutting expedition in the

fall, instead of a hunt for mistletoe at

Christmas time. We presently came out

on top of famous Missionary Ridge and,

after a search among the old trees, my

friend finally discovered a large piece of

mistletoe hanging from the limb of a

grand old Chestnut tree. How odd it

looked a way out on that huge limb, with

its frosty berries clustering thick‘nong

the leaves. I gave a little exclamation of

surprise.



“Oh! is that the way mistletoe grows,”

I said, “just like fungus on an old

stump?” I was informed that It grew

just that way and that it may be found

on most any large tree, but generally on

oaks and chestnuts. And such beautiful

mistletoe it was, not like the tiny, shrlv-

eled up branches we get in the north, but

magnificent with its thick leaves and

large full berries. My companion suc-

ceeded in knocking off several branches

and I was delighted with our find.



I was to have another pleasant surprise

that afternoon, and that was when I was

taken up to a holly tree and asked how

much of it I wanted to take home. Did

you ever see a holly tree in full bloom?

If you have not you cannot imagine the

pretty sight. Here is a whole tree brist—

ling with its sharp-pointed leaves, and

brilliant with its cardinal berries. My

mind quickly flew back to the well-known

wreaths hanging in northern windows,

and the stingy little pieces adorning the

new silk designs in the shop windows.

This, like the mistletoe, was much larger

and fuller than when it reaches us in the

north.



A few days before Christmas I went

down town to do some shopping and was

astounded to see the great quantities of

holly and mistletoe that had been brought

into the city. On one of the prominent

corners Christmas greenery was piled

along the edge of the sidewalk in great

masses. I stood spellbound looking at it.

On the opposite corner was a tall mount—

aineer with a wagon completely loaded.

I felt a desire to purchase some, chiefly

because it seemed so plentiful. I selected

several large branches. all that I cared

to carry, and asked the man how' much

I owed him. “Well, about a dime, I reck-

on," he drawled. I was nonpiussed. A

dime! This amount of holly and mistletoe

up home would be worth several dollars.



The one great peculiarity that brands

the southern Christmas as decidedly dif-





 





Tné iM-ieHioAN FARMER.‘





ahasnsurely reached the acme cf biscuit ‘





(13)





587





‘Buy Your Home Furnishin sang .





Building Materials

9.! BareI-‘aciory Cost





 

 

 

 





A Few of the

2,000 BARMINSI

Road Mixed House





Paint.

y Mixed “Paint.





gallon.

Buffalo Improved Wall

Board, $2.35 per 100 feet.

Genuine Tapestry Rugs.

319. $5.59.





   

   

 





Genuine Tapestry Rugs.



. '~ ' 9“coz' ‘ile‘l'sssed (' ind.



Save 45c to 706 on the $1.00 mail-dds rumm-

cellent qualityf. $10.25.





   





Famous Buffalo Rollan-

Bearer Rotary Washer.





$5.35.



This sale include: every-

thing to furnish or build the

home: over 2.000 Bargains.





—0ver 2,000 Bargains





How would you like to walk into a big factory

where they make Roofing. Millwork, Paint, Furniture, Stoves and

almost every other kind of Building Material and House

Furnishings and have the factory owner say to you: “Mr. -——.

you can have any one or all of these 2.000 and more articles for

ust what it. cost. us to make them. I won't ask you one cent of -





Profit. Just pick out. the thin is you w t." 7

“ “" How This Is Made Possible





W ell, that’s what our proposition amounts

Nine out of every ten manufacturers fail in business.





to. only you don‘t. have to go to the trouble

or expense of mnkin a trip to the factor . _

and In nearly eve case it. is because the manufncturer

an he can sell advantageously. Ho





xepgc‘ud {ion do?“ snainitggtalo while

90 y urea. escr an r c makes more goods

the 2.000 artic es that. it’s easier to buypthe: has his profits and caries! tied u In our lus stock—good

than if you came to the factory. This way of merchandise, but no mmediato amend or it. ’19 cnrry

“waiting" the factory costs you not one it another season meant heavy expense—Interest. ‘storage

penny, for we send you our Bargain Catalog. "888- Insurance. Taxes. 0

Now. a bi group of manufacturers have adopted a



clever plan. ey turn their surplus over to us. The Man-

ufocturers' Outlet ., and we sell at cost of _maklng.

The pay us 4 gar cent for selling and they mains in im-

medlste cosh per cent.





Moons Hugo Saving to the Public





With the iobber's, wholesaler-'8 and retail dealer's

expense of dolng business out out. and four profits cut

out. you gay but a small fraction of the regular rota

price of 1'. ese articles—sometimesbut 300 on the $1.00.



Each buyer is guaranteed that. his purchases are fresh

plus a manufacturer‘s roflt of new. line (fillflllty goods. and that they will be safe] an

per cent. But. now. for t 9 first time, you promptly elivered. So long as such guarantee bar-

cun buy Buildin Materials and House Fur- gains as these can be had. it would be the height of folly

nishings for thefimre cost of making. You or a man to do any building or rebuilding, or for a

do not pay the manufacturer any profit; at women to buy anythingor the home Without first. look-

all. The 25 to 40 per cent manufactur- in? at our BigBargain talo . '10 get this most remark-

er's profit is wiped out. or, in other words, ab 6 of all But ain Lists. on are only to drop us a postal.

given to you. Write us. oday on these sensational Bargain



- Offers will be in gouiibhalnds as QUICKLY Ab 'lHE





. MAIL CAN TBA

63c





 

   

 





Even the Manufacturer’s

Profit Wipeil Out!





You havqsaved a lot of money by buying

goods by mull-order. You saved all that the

Jobber wholesaler and dealer would have

char dfor their cost of doing business and

all 0 the profit each of them made if you

bought at. home. You paid only factor 008:6





 





 





. , . o

2 ,- Stove Bargains!



850 handsome new

stoves. direct from fac-

tories. at 350 on the dol-





 

 

 

 

 

 





     





lar. Includes Cookin )1. Nails and

* BtoveshRareges, “(30031 a 9 1 Cement

_ on are on .. ,.

L": ‘Heaters' and "' ”“’ r‘ ‘ ‘ FREE

. . Bose Burn‘ers— 1-ply Rubber Roofln . remnants, per 108 . ft.. (fie;

:3” going at half 2-plv, remnants. 73c: ply. remnants, 83c. ~ply Rub-





' prices. We guar- ber‘Roofing. unlimited amounts. 980: 2-ply, unlimited



("“99 8V6” stove amounts, $1.26; 3- Iv unlimited amounts, $1 1.



6,8 fuel-saver 811d his roofing is ully guaranteed to be of the very



. ‘50 BUG 188tm3 63“? highest quality—resists fire, water. snow, hail, heat.

faction. Get OMEEIOB- co d and acids: needs no hinting; easy to lay as car-



t: no tools needed but nmmer. For Corrugated

ting. see special prices in our catalog. (2)





 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Write for Bargain List Now!





III“IQI -

BUILDING WTOUES

MATERIAL URNIT RE llllllllll



III

II '





 

 

 





u.- .l I

HARDW





Illlllllllll

lllll|II|liI

llllllllll“

IIIIIIIIIH





 





I . llllllllll





rncrunizns' OUTLET co..." }





 





 





 





   





 





 





Early potatoes are one of the . est-paying crops raise in outhern ‘ a I ama “ est

Florida,Tennessee and along the Gulf Coast. Good prices are always obtainable an'd demgrtig

for same beyond the supply. Read what a farmer at Summerdale, Ala., has to say on this crop:

“ My yield of salable potatoes this year, per acre, was 150 bushels, which sold readily at 31.60

per bushel, this bein the first crop on the land. I followed this crop with sweet potatoes

and sweet corn and is en planted cow peas. I raised three crops on the land in one your, all

of which brought good prices.”



Sweet potatoes produce big returns and are usually planted after Irish potatoes have

been dug. Two to three hundred bushels an acre are produced and bring from 50cents to

$1.75 per bushel. Let me send you our illustrated booklets and learn what can be done in a

country where fertile land can be purchased cheaply and where there are 312 working

days a year. Low round-trip fares lsi and 3rd Tuesdays each month.



0. A. PARK, Gen'l lmm. and lnd'l “gt, Louisville & Nashville R. IL, Room 256 Imis'flh' Ky;





   

   

   

   

   

   





 





 





 





O O C 1

Fine Louisiana Farm





Land at $20 an Acre





R. R. ,Transportation—

Good Schools—~—





Perfect Drainage,—

Fine Virgin Soil—

Splentliil Markets— Moderate Priced Labor——



N0 Cold \Vinicrs Lumber at Wholesale Prices—

Best Stock Country—ti ll ours from New Orleans—-

No \Vinter Feeding—A l’roven Farm Country——

Natural Foragc— Terms Most Convenient—





Our handsome booklet showing facts. figures and illu‘trations '

application to 3 WI“ be sent on





BROOKS-SCANLON CO., Kentwood, La.





H For Prompt Attention, Address Inquiry to P. 0. Box 106.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





$1,000.00 Per Month GIVEN AWAY!





. n I

To get nick eh! m .

"ugliest Prices—Quickest Returns! t... “0,1,.” midlife fifth;

an ‘pmmlpgreturns. but are giving away—free and extra—ONE THOUSPAND

D0 LA per month for Blast skins. Postal brin full particulars of great

35‘“ contest. For 45 years we ve supplied the world'sfisi for manufacturers.

e are today the biggest. Fur and Wool once in Amer on. Our fur shipment

doubled last season because we make biggest. returns. We don't ask you to pay us

any commission or any express charges—or to wait for vour money You get it

all and you get it quick. Write right now for Fur Market Reports Shl

ping Tags and Information about Free Prize Contest. All free. d p.





 





 





s. sinennan & sons anathema: Desk 43. China;
2A.; 35w" ”1'3“ ‘





'35.;





I ' 538 at)





ferent from the "northern is its carnival

feature, which begins to be noticeable

about the second day before Santa Claus

makes his appearance. I had been told





.about it and was'waiti'ng expectan'tly for





Christmas eve, when, I understood, it

would break out with all its fury. It did

not disappoint me. Everybody goes down

town Christmas eve. The streets are

jammed with people; everyone is in holi-

day'attire; young and old blow horns,

shoot toy pistols, slyly steal up behind

you and, with a few swift turns on the

crank of an infernal little machine they

call a frog, emit the most ear-piercing

sounds about your head. Crackers are

exploding and your clothes are becoming

covered with confetti. You catch the

holiday spirit. Your mind becomes con-

fused and you wonder what it is all

about. Occasionally a big sign swung





 





across the street, bearing the Words

“Merry Christmas,” mete your eye, and

the strangeness of it all is forced upon

You.



About eleven o’clock we returned home,

but the noise did not cease as we en-

tered the house. The darkies were sing-

ing and having a regular jubilee in the

kitchen. A few were assisting the lady

of the house in putting up the last pieces





of holly and mistletoe. Large dishes of.





nuts, candies and fruit were upon the

table, and we made a dash for them.

After an hour of merriment we retired,

but I did not sleep.



The racket, which had only increased

at midnight. was still holding sway down

town and I could hear it as I tried to

sleep, being unusually wide awake from

the excitement and novelty of it all. I

was awakened from my brief nap by the





1 THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





other members of the household calling

merrily to .each other “Christmas Gift,”

as that is the usual morning greeting,

whether accompanied with a gift or not,

and takes the place of our greeting of

“Merry Christmas." '



The little darkey maid came into my

room to build the fire in my fireplace.

When she saw that I Was awake she

greeted me with “Christmas Gift, Missy!”

then rolled her big round eyes to see if

I made any effort to give her a present,

for Christmas time is a big event with

the darkies. They all expect a present

from everyone in the house, and they

always get it. I had provided for this

on learning, a few days previous, that it

was the custom to give each of the ser-

vants a present. One need not give them

anything great as they are easily pleased;

the most trifling article will send them





 





DEC. 16, 1911.





of: in _a profusion of bows and thanks for

your generosity..'1 pointed to. the mantel,

where a small package rested, and said:

“That is for 'you, Aggie.” Kindlingand

wood fell to the floor withtacrash as

she hastily seized the bundle and tore off

the wrapper, revealing a collar of brilliant

ribbon. Her joy knew no bounds as she

immediately began to view herselfin the

glass, holding the collar to her neck and

crooking her head from side to side until

I reminded her that the fire was not yet

built and I wished to arise.



All day there was noise from the firing

of small arms and crackers. I determined

to go to early morning service at the

church and at 7230 set forth, dressed

lightly and Without a wrap. I noticed a.

few men seated on their porches reading

the morning paper, and I repeated “This





is really Christmas day,” to myself sev-





 





 





 





 





WORTH





A 160 PIEGE CHRISTMAS ASSUHTMENT





$1.00, FREE.





 





 





   

 





We have just closed a deal for a limited quantity of the finest assortment of

Christmas and New Years post cards, Tags, Seals and Stickers ever collected. The

decorative emblems will enhance the attractiveness of your gifts, while the

beautiful Holiday post cards will make a pleasing remembrance to friends to

whom you do not give presents. The assortment contains the following, all

in gold and beautiful colors. -





50 Maple Leaf Seals.



50 Santa Claus Seals.



12 Christmas Stamps.



12 Small Cards and Tags.





5 Medium Tags.

6 Imported Christmas Greeting Cards.





4 Imported Embossed Cards.

15 Christmas Post Cards.

5 New Year Post Cards.





1 1912 Fancy Colored Calendar 3% x 1692 in.





160 Pieces in all.





OFFER No. 2—Send us one New Subscriber to The Michigan F

one of those Assortments and the new

Farmer as follows:



One Year (52 copies)” ......... $1.00



Two years (104 copies).. ........ 1.50





subscriber will also receive one.





How You Can Get This Assortment FREE!





OFFER No. l—Scnd us your renewal subscription for The Michigan Farmer and you will receive

free, post-paid, one of these Assortments.





Three years (156 copies) ..... .52.00

Five years (260 copies) ........ 2.75





N. B.——Note the large saving on 2, 3, and 5-year rates.





You must request. in your order—‘ ‘Scnd l’rcmium No. 227.”

to insure its delivery before Xmas day.

OFFER No 3.—To give those subscribers who are paid too far ahead to hav





oxtendcd an opportunity to secure one of these assortments we will, for their bene

these assortments postpaid to them for only 2;) cents. Send all orders to





THE MICHIGAN FARMER, Detroit, Mich.





 





 





 





 





 

 





armer and we will send you free

Remit ior Michigan





Your order must reach us by Dec. 20th





6 their subscription

fit only, send one of





   





 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

 





i::}_ new ,1;

r-chSTMAs;





. .r, caper. 31¢: not;





 

   

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   





 





 





 





 





 

 





 





 





"‘9“ «air in?" '
’ Duo. is, 1911.





i I ll

. I





Fresh runninc

water for your

bathroom. ‘ kitch-

en, lsundrv stabl-

es.¢ardens.i’lants

all sizes. a: and

up. Over-ted by

bond. power, elec-



. G trie motors or gel-

oline oucines.

This complete

Bathroo- llsiiii for

$38.95





All kinds of

plumbing sup-

plies st rectory

40-101: - direct



rlool.

Tinting Plants



I Save

in

on a modern

EaflngSystem





 





 





 





Light] Plants-

u ‘ Complmnfileetrie





Pleat including gaso-

line engins,dynsmo,

@ switchboard snd stor-





lm mm — We

will furnish FREE

with every wstsr,hoat

in: or lighting plan



, special plsns for your

individusl horns. Any-

one son usual! with these complete

drawings.

' This 13ka Cstelog shows

thousands of bargains. Gut»

line Engines; l'srm Tanks and

Pumpl; Hydraulic Rams; P1 ;

Valves; Gel and Electric :-

Buy from wand-ave

50 percent. We have most

oompletslins of guaranteed

Plumbing Hestlng,l.ighting

good. in {1.8. Write now.

II. J. GIBBONS

Dept. . Dsyton.0.





Short Courses

In Agriculture





including General Agriculture, Creamery

Management, Fruit Growing, Poul-

try, and Cheesemaking

ARE OFFERED BY run





Michigan Agricultural College





tor"- the benefit or





BUSY FARMERS.





All courses begin Jun, 2. 1912. More than 2.100

Michigan farmers and deitymen have taken

this work in the post.





No Entrance Examination. Expenses Moderate.

Write for circular giving full information to





PRESIDENT J. L. SNYDER.

East Lansmg, Mich.





HEISKELL’S





One application soothes and heals a rough,

pimplyskin,and,whenre entemqulcki effects

s curs. Eacms. Ergslpe Tetter, core and

anskln diseues yiel to its curative properties.



501: a box. At all Draggisto.

Send forkessemple nndbook, “ Health and Beauty.”





MIST“. HOLLOWAY ll 00..

8M Phil-dolphin. PO.





OWTMENT





I WILL MAKE YOU

PROSPEROUS





Hyenare hone-t snd ambitious write me

todny. No matter where you live or who!



your occupation, I will teach you the Reel

’ Estate business by mail; appoint you Speclsl

' Representative of my Company in your town;

start you in s profitable busineu of your own.

and help you make big money at once.

Unusual opportunity for men urlthoui

J" o" “, ‘ ‘lorllie.

Valuable Book and lull particulars FREE.

India today.





 





 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





   





   

   





 

 

 

 





   





 





 





D1162 Harden Building

Washington, D. 0.





Want Men





Like you. Who Want to Make





$3 000 A Year, or More

I ,





_We need a good. live man right now

In your territo to handle real estate

deals torus. 0 experience or copi-

tsl necessary. We will teach you the

: Renl Estate Business, then appoint

‘ you our representative in your local-

ity. Easy work: lute profits. Write for free book.

"ORDEN AND I LOAN (30..

3l5 Pol-co Bldn. Mi Mi





I. anon

Presldent





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mm ron U s. ARMY—Able-bodied. un—





married men. between the ages of 18 and 35,,

oltisens of United States. of goodohnrsetor and tem.

points habits. who can speak. read and write the En-



] sh inn . For information “if" to Recruiting

smoer. 212 Ellswold 8t" Detroit, oh.' 'Heavenrich

Block, S insw. Mich: Corner & Sn new Ste;

Fint. Mlo .: 110 East Main 8b.. Jackson. ioh.





WANTED AGENTS to sell Farmers' AOOOUNT

Biol





BOOK. 'Qui k Seller 8 oial inducements. Till

idus. Addrga L. L. enlists. Fort Wayne, Ind.





 





 





, and some,





éral times before I could realize it. My

thoughts reverted to the familiar Christ—

mas season up north, and in fancy I

could hear the jingle of sleighbells, the

ring of skates upon the ice and feel the

snow crackle under my feet as I walked.



With the coming of darkness I had ex-

pected the noise would cease but it did

not, entirely. On the morrow it was re-

sumed again, and while the fervor of the

small boy had subsided, he still took de-

light in celebrating Christmas, and for

nearly a week his activities continued

in desultory fashion. The holiday feel-

ing lasted, too, and most work was sus-

pended for the week. The darkies feel

that this is the time for feast and revel,

and little work is done until after New

Year’s. The old-time custom of burning

the yule log is seldom seen now, but on

some of the old plantations it is still in

vogue.



With the mountaineers, or poor mount-

ain whites, as they are called, Christmas

is a great time of merrymaking. On

Christmas eve, in every little building

among the mountains that does service

as church and school, a tree is seen

sparkling in all its glory of colored can-

dies and strung popcorn. The people

gather from far and near and; a great

time is had. Everyone is sure of a.

present from the tree. Not only the chil-

dren, as is our custom, get presents from

the tree, but it bears something for every

member of the various households, who

have come from their humble homes,

some in wagons drawn by their trusty

mules, for horses are seldom seen in that

district; others, more prosperous, have

their mules hitched to a shining buggy,

not fortunate enough to own

a vehicle, come on muleback, and it is

not an uncommon sight to see husband

and wife sitting firmly on the back of the

same mule as the animal plods along the





winding mountain paths. Others walk,

but, come as they may, they are all

there. Bashful swains who wish to give





presents to their girls put them upon the

tree and thus relieve themselves of the

embarrassment of presenting them in

person.



Altogether a Christmas spent in the

south is delightfully entertaining and one

to be remembered. there are many lit-

tle ways and customs which seem strange

to northerncrs, and which the southerners

cannot tell why they cling to It is

their way of observing the holiday, as

their fathers did before them, and their

grandfathers also, and it suits them very

well.





o





MY MODEL WRITING DESK.





 





 





BY FLOY SCHOONMAKE'R, ARMSTRONG.





I had been wishing that I might have

a desk for my room, so one afternoon I

visited the furniture stores in our city,

only to find that the plainest, cheapest

desk I could purchase would take fifteen

dollars out of my pocket, and—well, I did

not purchase.



That evening, while relating to my

husband the particulars of my unsatis-

factory visits to the stores, I endeavored

to hide my disappointment. I must. how-

ever, have made a successful failure of





THE ’ MICHIGAN FARMER.





10 inches wide, 160; {our boards of hard

Dine ceiling, 16 feet long, 6 inches wide,

5A's-inch thick, 87c; one piece, 2x4, 11 feet

long, 220; 221/2 feet of %, 3-inch band

moulding, 450; one yard of green felt

(double fold), $1; varnish, 26c; hard oil,

15c; shellac, 10c; nails, putty, sandpaper.

10c; four casters, 150; total, $3.44.





If you desire a handsome and conven-

ient desk such as now ornaments my

room and delights me, procure the above

mentioned materials and follow these di-

rections: Rip the piece of 2x4 lengthwise

and of it make a. strong, firm frame of

the above mentioned size; then put a top

on the desk from the board of common

lumber. Cut the ceiling into desired

lengths and with it cover the frame. In

the center of the sides, commencing at

the bottom, saw a space 20 inches wide

and 18 inches high. Arch the space at

top so that the center of arch will be

four inches from the top of the desk.

Put two shelves in each end of the desk.

Now, stretch the felt tightly OVer top of

desk, allowing it to extend two inches

over the edges, and there securely fasten

with small tacks.



Put a. band of the moulding—~which

should be cut in a. mitre box—around top

and bottom of desk and it will then be

ready for the finishing touches. Put on

the casters. Carefully countersink every

nail head seen on exterior of the desk

and fill the holes with putty. After the

putty hardens. give the entire desk—top

excepted~a thorough sandpapering; when

smooth, apply a thin coat of shellac.

Allow the shellac to dry, then ssndpaper

the desk again and it will be ready for the

hard oil. When the hard oil is well

dried, apply the varnish.



In front of the shelves you may hang

curtains of felt, cotton flannel, china silk.

or whaiever suitable material yOu may

chance to have or choose to purchase.





Sisters, if your husbands or brothers

are only “handy” men, and, like Barkis,

"willlu‘," you, too, may have a model





writing desk whereon to lay a. letter-file.





THE BEST CHRISTMAS.





.—.__.





BY ORIN E. CROOKE’R.





Even though “Christmas comes but

once a year” there is a provoking same-

ness to it that in time robs the day to

some extent of the joy it ought to bring

to the heart. The stress and strain of

buying and preparing gifts, the candle-

ladcn Christmas tree, the visit of Santa.

Claus—all theso cease at last to appeal

to us as they did once upon a time. Still,

we continue to find satisfaction in mak—

ing others happy on this day. And in

this, of course, lies the real secret of

Christmas joy. ‘



'l‘o rovch the spirit of Christmas in

orrc's heau't one must. give more largely

of oneself. Things that cost effort always

give more satisfaction to ourselves and

others than things that merely cost mon—

ey. To really enjoy Christmas set your—

self some up. vial tasks to do on this day

that will mean some sacrifice to yourself.

Visit the “shut-ins" of your acquaint—

ance; take them a bit of Christmas Cheer if

you wish, but go assured in your own





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





my attempt, for when I paused to take

breath, he said, consolingly: “Never

mind, you shall have a desk for that

room; we will make one."



My voice must have sounded provok-

ingly incredulous as I asked: “How?

When? Where?”



But my husband quietly replied: "With

boards, nails, a saw and hammer; in the

kitchen; at night, after I come from

work.”



To be brief, we made a desk. That is,

I held the lamp and waited on “John"

and he did the work.



Following is an accurate list, and the

cost of the articles we used in making

one desk. which is 48 inches long, 29

inches wide, and 29 inches high: One

board of commOn lumber, 12 feet long,





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





will make your personal





mind that you

visitation the chief Christmas “greeting.”





Let your entrance into their presence

bring a. breath of the outside world, a

message of goodwill, and an optimistic

thought or two. It will brighten their

day more than any gift you might send

or bring. If you have a friend who is ill

-—let not the day pass without some mes-

sage Of cheer and hopefulness either to

him or his family. Go in person, if pos—

sible. The telephone is at best a poor

medium of extending comfort. Give of

your time and strength that your gift

and thoughtfulness may bear the savour

of it. And when night comes after such

a day of Christmas giving you will feel

in your heart that it was the best Christ-

mas you ever had.





 





 

 

 





 

   

 

 





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extreme comfort





Mayer Yerma Cushion

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Comfort to tender, achi

feet that smart, burn an

tire quickly. The flexible

cush1on sole is built in to

conform with the line of

the foot, absorbs the jar of

walking, resists dampness

and keeps the feet cool in

summer and warm 1n

winter.





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urmwimmawstmmwrfimrw “W“Klmi‘i \‘h‘t‘i





 

 





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5’ l - lé

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E for Men and Sh E

g Women OBS %

/ Made in a variety of fashionable styles 3

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sole—ii .your dealer cannot s u p ply

you, write to us.



We also make the stylish Mayer



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end children. including “Leading



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will send free a.

handsome picture

of George or Martha.

Washington, 8 i z 0

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, F. MAYER BOOT

81 SHOE CO.

Milwaukee, Wis.





AVIIWI _





 

 





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lamp and Lantern





Burners





Odorless. Smokeless. Dur-

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' i you need, we will mail

AGENTS





. Advia‘mlll





 





v-thcm to you.

WANTED.





THE STEEL MANTLE LIGHT co.

Huron Street, Toledo, Ohio.





SINCE 1795 FAVORITE ,

H MPSONS

WAT





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- I '

Ant: -Nmotino Calabash Pipe

HIS splendid Calabash is modeled on tholines of the original

African Cnlabesh Gourd. I have placed in it my famous

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[Lie-gas, The Banker’s Friend, l91lenges Bldg. SLInuis, In. '





 

   

 





 

 

 





   





 





 





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lEAtlll VETERINARY DENTISTRY t

3.2.: $2000 northerner: same

by illustrated lectures and grant diploma wit





Particulars Free. Dot olt Voterlna Dental

College. Detroit. [itch- W





degree.
lémaljfand Her Needs





At Home am) Elsewhere





 





 





 





 





 





:5

Let It Really Be The





The current number of a well-known

woman’s magazine has two sketches

which show in a telling manner, why

Christmas is a day of torment and un-

happiness to some parents and a time of

peace and happiness to others.



The sketches are of two small boys,

each the only son in a family of several

grownups. One boy is carefully exclud-

ed from all Christmas preparations, not

allowed a peek at the tree beforehand or

to help a bit in any preparations. He is

given a large sum of money to buy pres—

ents for the relatives and' told exactly

how to spend it. The tree and the won—

derful presents he receives quite stupefy

him, especially as the grownups insist

on showing him just how he must play

with every toy. By night he is cross and

apparently ungrateful, and is hustled off

to bed while the parents and uncles and

aunts remark on the thankless task of

trying to please children.



The other four—year-old is taken into

everything. He helps trim the tree, saves

up his pennies to buy gifts and picks

them out himself. To be sure he buys

his mother a toy moulding board and his

father a child’s drinking mug, but he has

exercised his own powers of choosing

and he is happy. Instead of being sur-

prised by a magnificent tree, he proudly

opens the parlor door and surprises fath-

er and mother with the tree he helped to

trim. He has learned that giving brings

happiness far in excess of getting and

his Christmas is a happy one.



At least one mother read the story

with a guilty qualm. Last Christmas it

was decided in a certain home that there

would never be another tree, the children

did not appreciate it. That tree was

planned and executed by the fond parents.

The children were kept out of the kitchen

while the corn was popped and bustlcd

away from the machine while the little

netting bags were made. Grandma and

aunty and mother filled the bags, strung





 





ass

Children’s Christmas.





popcorn, wrapped all the parcels, and tied

all the pretty red ribbons. Father set up

the tree and trimmed it himself while two

miserable small boys were shooed out of

the room that they might be surprised

later. It was a very fine tree, taller

than father’s head and all lighted up

with red and green candles, to say noth-

ing of strings of tinsel, red bells, gilt and

silver balls, stars and similar gewgaws.



But two small boys took one scornful

look at it and demanded presents. They

had nothing to do with “making” the

tree and it didn’t interest them a bit.

Father and mother sighed and declared

that there was no use doing anything for

boys who didn’t appreciate it. Also they

declared “Never again.”



This year there is going to be a differ-

ent sort of tree. It will be a small one

and will stand on the middle of the din-

ing—room table. Two boys will string the

corn themselves and drape it on the tree

in a manner to suit their own taste. They

will make colored tissue paper chains, like

those described in “Stormy Days for the

Little Folks," in this issue of The Farm—

er, and deck the tree with these. They

will fill the candy bags, and cut stars out

of silver paper, and hang on the tree only

presents they have bought for the fam-

ily and wrapped and tied themselves.

They will buy the presents with their

own pennies, and pick out what they

want to give, even if it does seem a bit

foolish. Then on Christmas morning they

will light the candles themselves and give

the gifts they have prepared.



Perhaps they will not like this sort of

tree any better than the old, but do you

not think they will? Isn’t half the fun

of Christmas, yes, all the fun of it, in

getting ready beforehand? I’m sure it

always has been to me, and I believe

children enjoy the things they do far

more than the things that are done for

them.



DEBORAH.





 





 





Christmas Decorations For The Home.

I By Mary Mason Wright.





Everyone should put her home in gala

dress for the holiday season, especially if

there are children in the family. It not

only adds to the Christmas spirit, but

it furnishes pleasant memory pictures for

them to carry out in the world with them

-—memorics of the priceless joys of home

at Christmastide. The children will be

glad to help with the trimming of the

house and decoration of table, and if old

enough will take this part of the. Christ—

mas preparations entirely off your hands

except for a little oversight. '



Perhaps holly outranks every. other

Christmas green in popularity for decora-

tion; but if not obtainable many excel-

lent substitutes can be found. “’rcaths

made out of the live oak, and decorated

with a fur bright bittersweet berries can

scarcely be told from holly wreaths. Then

any evergreen decorated with bright ber—

ries from the woods will give the Christ-

mas effect so much desired. It is won-

derful what the woods afford in the way

of Christmas greens and reds, especially

if one has had a little forethought and

gathered them when they retained all

their beauty. Pressed ferns and autumn





leaves look pretty pinned against the

white curtains, or arranged in wall

spaces.



Ropes of evergreen wreathcd around





pictures, or caught up here and there on

the walls always prove effective. To

make these ropes use thin rope, for a

foundation, stretching it across the room,

or at least keeping it taut. Cut your ev—

ergreen into small sprays and arrange

around the rope, fastening it on with fine

wire or coarse black thread. Pretty

wreaths can be made by using hoops for

foundations, first covering them with

green cambric or cheesecloth. These

wreaths brightened up with a few bright

berries are nice hung in the windows or

hung here and there on the walls and

connected with loops of evergreen. Flat





wreaths and heavy dark masses are to

be avoided unless they are intended for

a background for something lighter, such

as flowers. If the walls are white or

some light. color the branches, ropes and

wreaths of evergreen will show off to

much better advantage. In one home

where the walls were papcred in dark

green they made a frieze by stretching

white cheesecloth about 18 inches below

the picture molding all around the room.

\Vreaths were suspended at intervals

along the picture molding, and connected

with loops of evergreen, little Christmas

bells being fastened inside of the wreaths,

the white background showing off the

decorations in an effective manner.

Red Christmas bells may be hung in

the doorways and tiny red paper bells

may be strung on red ribbon and stretch-

ed across tho ceiling. Gilt and silver stars

fastened here on the evergreen will look

very pretty. If you wish to have your

greens look as if touched by Jack Frost

dip the branches, ropes and whatever

used, in a solution of strong alum water,

or else with thin gum arabic water and

then sprinkle with diamond dust and they

will sparkle in the light. If you wish a

still more wintery effect, after dipping

the greens in the gum-arable water place

fluffy bits of cotton over them, then

sprinkle with diamond dust and you will

have the effect of branches and greens

covered with snow. The words “Merry

Christmas” may be hung in the archway

or placed over a door. The letters can

be cut out of gilt paper and mounted on

an evergreen background. or pasteboard

letters can be covered with fine ever-

green, and these placed on a board that

has been covered with white cloth and

surrounded with a border of evergreen.

Charming effects can be Obtained onhthe

table without much trouble. A' nice idea

is to suspend an evergreen wreath from

the chandelier or directly over the center





3





of the table by means of evergreen ropes;

then fasten all around this hoop, by

means of red ribbon, little red Christmas

bells. Have at each plate a tiny bell. A

pretty, deep red basket filled with ferns

and trailing vines gives the Christmas

colors and makes quite a pretty, yet ef-

fective, table decoration, or a fancy green

basket filled with red fruit. A wreath of

holly can be used for a centerpiece, with

a Santa Claus in the center of it with a

pack of toys on his shoulders. Clusters

of holly can be gracefully strewn over





the cloth. Use red candles on the table,

if practicable. A little Christmas tree

placed in the center of the table and





decorated with tinsel, gilt stars and tiny

toys is nice. Always remember that the

decorations need not be elaborate to be

effective. Decorations arranged with

simplicity and in an artistic manner will

usually be most pleasing.





STORMY DAYS WITH THE LITTLE

FOLKS-a



Rainy or stormy days may be made

most interesting for the little tots in the

house, with little or no expense and a

very little time and some forethought on

the part of the mother. First let me

mention a few simple and inexpensive

articles to be purchased at any school

supply house. There are several kinds

of modeling clay that cost but little and

even a four—year-old can produce fairly

good reproductions of his pets and many

articles he sees in his home—the cat, the

bird, or dog. Dishes of clay, or flower

pots may be suggested and a whole after-

noon will be occupied with Very little

direction or attention from the mother.



Always have on hand a pot of paste

and several small brushes. Yes, anything

that calls for paste makes a mess, but

give them the kitchen table with news-

papers spread over it and the mess is

easily cleared away. I haVe found that

a brush and a dish of paste possess great

fascination and possibilities for a child.

Now for some uses of the paste. Of

course, there is the scrapbook in which

pictures are pasted, these having been

previously cut out with blunt scissors if

the small boy or girl is able to handle

these.



The colored paper chains afford amuse-

ment for hours at a time in making. The

colored stripes already gummed may be

purchased from school supply houses but

a much less expensive plan is to go to

your local printing office and ask for rem-

nants of bright colored papers. These

cost about four cents a pound and ten

cents worth will make material for a long

time. These pieces must be cut in strips

an inch wide and about six inches long

to form chain links and must be pasted

together. Let the children hang these in

rows across the windows of their own

room or use them for decorating a Christ-

mas trce. Other ways of using the chains

will suggest themselves. Articles that

children make should not be destroyed.

A child will soon lose interest in making

things that are considered foolish or use—

less by the grown-ups.



Animal patterns may be obtained for

a few cents and can be used over and

over again. Trace around these on heavy

paper, color if desired, and cut out. A

box of crayola colored pencils will be

found desirable. It costs eight or ten

cents and contains eight pencils—seven

colors and black.



Common clay pipes for bubble blowing

or the regular bubblers may be purchased

very cheaply and little folks delight to

spend an afternoon blowing bubbles. An

instructive as well as amusing game

which little ones love, is sliced animals.

These are somewhat more expensive and

come in sets of perhaps a dozen animals

printed in colors on stiff cardboard. They

are cut up in strips which are to be fit-

ted together to form the different ani-

inals.



These are only a few of the many In-

expensive ways of keeping a'child both

busy and amused. I think we should try

to make the child’s occupations instruc-

tive as well as amusing so far as pos-

sible. If it is not possible to purchase

material for children to use, there are

many things about the house which we





 





DEC. 16, 1911.





FURNITURE

FOR ALL no PLE

' ALL

unmsns

ocumooxs

FACTORY-COST





 





 

   

   





   





. "It'll 11 «(I





 

 





9 ."‘fillilt‘I'Il‘IMtl‘lH l ‘

:l’tfifglslwrr«their.





 





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, minute you can’t afford that

chair bookcase. couch _or

bed. Perha a on can't afford to pay the price

your local ea or asks you to pay' but ave you



on our rices? Our values Will startle you.



ever be ore have we offered such a complete,

high rude. carefully selected line of furniture

at. one ridiculously low prices. You do notuwont.

to misc our furniture book this year. It. Will be

interesting reudin for you. From the first page

to the last it; is all t 6 some story—highest quality

furniture at lowest possible prices.



JOHN A. HALL, our expert. furniture bu or has

selected this line from the offerings of t eleod-

ing factories of this country. In many cases he

has contracted for the entire output. Thus we

have obtained rices that no local dealer can hope‘

to duplicate. his sovmg is yours—:how much of

a sum it is. acomparison of prices will tell.

And jus a word about the assortment very-

thing (absolutely everything) that comes within

the ordinary furniture needs of man. is here. We

have tides and prices that Will suit on, no mat.-

ter wght your tastes. no matter how urge or how

smell your pocket-book. Everything is new—up-

to-date and stylish in design and finish. The ma-

terisls are the very best. and We show you 9. val-i.

ety ten times as great as you Will find in the

average retai store.



Let us send you the furniture book. You need

It. The number is 7. ,



Here is a com Iete list. of our money-savers—We

will send any 0 them free of charge on request.

Put numbers of the books you want on the coupon.





 





   

   

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





1 Points 1'] Baby Cardigan 28 Women'aToilorod

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10 ew L t: K]? hi! 3 82 fifimrft: and

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1: Feed coke 25 “- mm o “p' 33 Men’s clothing





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26 Eicyclea - Motor- 84 omen a Furs





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We prepay freight. The stove is one you‘ll be





 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





proud to own—the genuine Kalamazoo

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ove ‘

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Every Home was...

Gearhart's Famlly Knltter





 





 

 

 

 

 

 





Special ,

Tenn. Will knit a palrof stockings. heciud

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to to-datc. with Ribblno attachment.





Knits everything In the home from

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and stockings on the Gearbox-t Knitting lochlno um! um pro “in;

for “other big order." Mrs. J. 8. Hudson, Oak Hill 5., “I

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utiafuctory work now u when am purchased. I recommend it

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:48 Pages of Fur Styles.





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W. W WEAVER,





custom Tanner and Manufacturer. naadlng, Mlcnlgan





11..
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DEC. 16, 1911.

can use,» amuse—them with no expense

at all. A basket of Clothespins furnishes

material for houses, barns, etc., and a

whole village or collection of farm build-

ings may be constructed by the young

carpenters. -



Empty the button box into a large

shallow tin or box where they may be





spread out and give the little. ones each





a blunt needle threaded with a stout

thread, and let them string buttons. all

black ones on one string and all white

ones on another, or alternately. String-

ing popcorn is another favorite pastime

and if it is near Christmas time these

popcorn strings may be saved to drape

the children’s tree. Save up your fashion

sheets and illustrated papers and maga-

zines and let the boys and girls color the

pictures.



I think every mother of young children,

especially if she live in the country,

should take some good teachers’ maga—

zine. Get a list of these magazines from

the principal of your high school and send

for a sample copy of each. You can then

choose the one best fitted to your needs.

In these magazines may be found excel-

lent material for use in the house as

well as school and kindergarten, also

much good reading on child culture and

training.



ALBERTA.





 





LETTER BOX.



Dear Debbrahz—You are quite on the

true side about table manners for chil-

dren. I have been a reader of the Mich—

igan Farmer for many years and take

a great interest in your letters to us.

Here is the history of a family from real

life, and you will see if they can drop off

as easily as the‘mothers think.



In my father's family there were nine

children, six boys and three girls, all

fairly well educated, some teaching

school, some music, both vocal and in-

strumental, all hearty, big, and had good

appetites. Now you can just imagine six

sturdy young men at the table. They

were never corrected by their mother,

their father was dead, at all, and you

could hear them smack their lips and

crunch their dinners, all over the house.

If they took food out of a dish they

threw the spoon back in, and if they took

out butter they just chopped off a slice,

one chopping so hard one day when they

had company that he broke his mother’s

butter dish.



That was 50 years ago. Today they are

scattered in different parts of the globe,

all haVe large families and fine wives, but

they eat just as they did when young,

for I have visited with them all for days

at a time. But their children were put

to such shame with their father's eating

and table manners that most of them

have refined manners and are very nice

at the table, being told by mother that if

they didn’t begin young they would eat

like “Pa.”



Although I have seen some of my uncles

try to do better they would get so ner-

vous they would just drop things. A

funny thing about them is that if they

wish more drink, water, tea. or coffee,

they don’t speak but just manage in some

way to choke to attract the maid. This

always brings a smile to the diners. And

now I want to say, if they eat naturally

why don’t we children, or the grandchil-

dren, all eat so, of whom there are over

a hundred? Not a dozen eat as they do.

—M. A. L.



Saving Time.



The art of making work bend to suit the

strength and time lies within the reach

of all women for it is just a matter of

choice in regard to what you will do and

the way you will do it. But I had to

learn this through the hard school of ex-

perience. I was suddenly brought face to

face with the problem of taking care of

an invalid and doing the work for an ex-

acting family. The spoiling of this family

by too much waiting on was what brought

the mother to invalidism.



I started in as my mother had left off.‘

and in five or six months I had reduced

myself to a mere skeleton, a shadow of

my former self. ThenI got on my think-

ing cap and tried many reforms, but I

will tell you only a few that have stayed

by me.



First, I rolled the molasses cooky dough

into sheets and baked and called it ginger

bread. I sponzed the bread, let rise once,

and mixed into loaves.



I baked beans in three or four small

dishes and put in the ice box. I put the

white clothes right into the boiler of cold

water and snap, let come toaboil, rinsed

and blued.



I ironed only what I thought necessary.

I attired myself often. “Is it necessary for





 





 





the health and happiness of the family?"

If not, I did not always do it.



I laid the men's~ colored shirts on their

beds at night for them to put on and I

did not make any excuses about things

and I did not worry, but tried to “fight

fire with fire," as it were. If the men

would not change their day shirts when

they retired I put colored sheets on their

beds, but I did not scold; scolding takes

more strength than work.



Just keep in mind it is a matter of

choice if you'buy 'your bread, etc., and

use an oilcloth on the table and wipe the

dishes or drain them and spend your

time reading a book, or if you make but—

ter or sell your cream. Just be" sensible;

don’t overwork; cut off the unnecessary

things until you can do your work easily

and have a little time for other things.

I find time to do just about what I want

to do. You can't do everything, so make

a choice—M. E. B. M.





A PLACE FOR TIN COVERS.

BY ELLA E. nocxwoon.



Every housewife knows what an un-

satisfactory utensil to arrange in a cup-

board is the useful tin cover. Yet a

supply of these in assorted sizes is a

needful adjunct of the kitchen. If placed

on a shelf with other tinware it necessi—

tates shifting all over to find the par-

ticular one required. They are not made

for hanging from a nail or hook, neither

do they stack successfully.



In one kitchen this problem has been

solved by making a rack devoted es-

pecially to these covers.



An extension curtain rod is fastened

to the wall by the long brass books which

accompany such rods. Underneath this

a few inches a. strip of wood about an

inch square is nailed against the wall.

The covers are slipped behind the rod

with the lower edges resting on the strip

of wood. Here they are held in a con-

venient position for use when needed and

any particular one can be selected at a

glance. Some place near the cooking

range can be found in most kitchens

where the covers can be reached without

waste of steps.





MICHIGAN FARMER—PATTERNS.





These patterns may be obtained from

the Michigan Farmer office at the prices

named. Be sure to give pattern number

and the size wanted.





 





 





 





 





No. 5434, Girls’ Empire Coat. Cut in

sizes 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 years. Age 8 re-

quires 214 yards of 44-inch material; 2%

yards of braid. Price, 10 cents.



No. 5382, Ladies’ Shirt Waist. Cut in

6 sizes, 32 to 42 inches bust measure. Size

36 requires 3%, yards of 27-inch material.

Price, 10 cents.



No. 3541, Misses’ Sack Apron. Three

sizes, 13, 15 and 17 years. For 15 years

it requires 5% yards 27 inches wide. Price

10 cents.



No. 5483, Ladies’ Three-piece Tunic

Skirt. Cut in 5 sizes, 22 to 30 inches

waist measure. Size 24 measures 3%

yards around lower edge and requires 4

yards of 36-inch material. Price, 10

cents.



No. 5378, Ladies’ Tucked Shirt Waist.

Cut in 6 sizes, 32 to 42 inches bust meas-

ure. Size 36 requires 3% Yards of 27~inch

material. Price, 10 cents.





When baking piecrust shells for lemon,

cream or other pies, put the dough in the

tins in the usual way. Set another tin

of same size inside, thus baking between

two tins, and it cannot puff up.—Mrs. S





 





Company





it’s the very nature of a soda

cracker to absorb moisture and

foreign odors.





That’s why the ordinary soda cracker

remained so long in obscurity. '





The advent of Uneeda Biscuit and the moisture-

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all this—for Uneeda Biscuit, the perfect



soda cracker, keeps select company



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To-day the goodness, the

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Never Sold





 





 





 





Boilers and

Radiat





Every Farmer

should send for

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It is a non-technical talk

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how Steam heats, how

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You can do it now, without disturbing

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Pierce Boilers and Radiators have made



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PIERCE. BUTLER 8r. PIERCE MFG. CO.

258 James Street, Syracuse, N. Y.

Show Rooms in Principal Cities





 





 





 





 





 





The Blissfield Hobo and Tanning 00., 33:32::





pays the freight on all hides that are to be made into fur coats and robes,

, Our prices are lower than any other concern doing this kind of

. ‘ v - We tan coon, muskrat and mink skins, and make beautiful fur

coats, muffs and scarfs for the ladies. We would be pleased to send you our catalog which

tells all about our work. ,



BLISSFIELD ROBE 8: TANNING 00., Blissfleld, Mich.





 





 





,i as... a. “enemy“
542 as)





\





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





 





 





PRACTICAL SCIENCE.





 





 





LIVING MATTER IN THE SOIL.

BY FLOYD W. ROBISON.



The Method of lnoculating the Soil.



Some few years ago the Department of

Agriculture decided upon a plan of send-

ing cultures through the mail as ordinary

bacteriological specimens are sent through

the mail, so that farmers might make up

a solution or culture media favorable to

the rapid growth of these small micro-

organisms which have been found so val-

uable in the growing of leguminous crops.

As stated before, however, we think per-

haps the greatest impetus has been given

to this movement by the Canadian gov-

ernment in the province of Ontaria, at

the Ontario Agricultural College. Ed-

wards, of the Ontario station, has for a

number of years been sending to the

Canadian farmers throughout Ontario

cultures of bacteria for the inoculation of

their soils. .



The general method of inoculation is to

take some soil from a field which is well

infected with these various micro-or—

ganisms and stir the seed, to be used,

thoroughly in this solution from the earth

from this thoroughly infected field, and

then subsequently planting the seed thus

treated in the new field. Another system

is to spread the cultures broadcast over

the surface of the field to be infected. It

seems very necessary that the bacteria

should be present during the early stages

of the growth of the plant so that it may

affix itself to the rootlet when that root-

let is still young and tender. \Ve have

stated that in our opinion the difficulty

with the growing of alfalfa in this state

heretofore has been that our Michigan

soils have not been infected, or inoculat—

ed, with the micro—organism which is

especially adapted to the growing of the

alfalfa plant. A very interesting and

favorable point in connection with the

adaptation of the micro—organism to the

plant is that after a time the organism

which seems to be most effective. upon one

species of plant will in time adapt itself

to a new host. This may explain why

alfalfa and other leguminous crops will

finally grow successfully even though in-

oculating experiments have not been ac-

tually carried on. It has taken a num-

ber of years to convince the farmers

of the state that alfalfa can be success-

fully grown in this state and there are

many instances now which estify mutely

to the exceedingly great value of this for-

age crop, especially where stock farming

is practiced to any considerable extent.



“'0 should expect, then, that favorable

results would be observed in the growing

of any new lcguminous crop in any field

which is already inoculated with the

micro—organisms which work most ad-

vantageously on that crop. At the same

time, if the soil is already inoculated it

would be an entire waste of money and

of time to re-inoculate that soil with a

culture from any other source and, like-

wise, we need not expect any increase

in the yield due to this second inocula-

tion. In the growing of leguminous crops

it is therefore quite desirable to ascertain

first of all, before any specific treatment

is resorted to, Whether the field is in-

oculated with the desired micro-organ-

isms.



The effect of the sudden exploitation of

the influence of these micro-organisms

which atlix themselves to the roots of the

leguminous crops has largely passed away

and we are now getting down to a reali-

zation of the net value of thOSO micro-

organisms to the plant. In agricultural

work as well as in any other popular line

of work, the first steps in the advance

are usually taken enthusiastically and go

far beyond what the actual conditions

merit. This is in keeping with the un-

derstanding of a great many publicists

who realize that to get a truth firmly

rooted in the popular mind it is necessary

to at times go almost to the point of

sensationalism. So, for that reason, if

for no other, energetic exploitation of the

influence of micro-organisms on the grow-

ing of clover and leguminous crops has

been justifiable. -



There are other forms of living matter

in the soil which have a tremendous in-

fluenCe npon soil fertility and ultimately

upon plant growth. It is a matter of

common observation that the surface soil,

or the first six inches of most soils, con-

tains, quite uniformly distributed, organic

matter in the form of humus. It is not

an easy matter to fully accdunt for this

uniform distribution of humus. We are

accustomed ordinarily to look to the de-





cay of roots and the decay of leaves

which fall upon the surface as the source

of the humus which exists in the upper

six inches of the soil. The difficulty,

however, in considering this source also

manifests itself when we attempt to ex-

plain why it is that this organic matter,

this decaying vegetable matter, is so 'uni-

formly distributed through this upper

layer of soil and so abruptly changes at

the point which we call the sub-soil,

which is usually just about a plow depth.

An examination of the soil shows it to

consist of a ramification of threads of

fungi and mycelium which, no doubt,

springing from the organic matter which

is perhaps distributed in bunches in the

soil, tends to diffuse throughout the soil

the organic matter which we find thus so

uniformly distributed. Mushrooms, and

fungi of like nature, reproduce them-

selves by means of a spawn, or fine net-

Work, of fibres which spread throughout

the whole surface soil. These materials

all depend upon an abundant supply of

air and this consequently would necessi-

tate in most instances their being found

near the surface. Probably, however, the

greatest agency in promoting the uniform

distribution of humus in the soil is by

means of earthworms and other animal

agencies. The common angle worm and

other forms of earthworms actually feed

upon the soil itself, that is, in burrowing

through the soil they swallow consider-

able quantities of the soil and digest for

their sustenance the particles or organic

matter which these soils may contain.

Certain scientists have attempted to es—

timate the value of the offices ,carried on

by these earthworms in the soil. It is

certain that an abundance of animal

agencies in the soil is evidence of an

active, healthy soil, and is an indicator

worth taking into consideration in study~

ing the stiil. Not only do the earthworms

in feeding upon the soil make it more

available for crop production by dissolv-

ing the insoluble portions of the soil, but

they also contribute greatly to the uni-

formity in the humus content of the soil.



Hilgard quotes Ernest Thompson Seton

as saying that the earthworm practically

does not exist in the arid region between

the Rocky Mountains and the Pacific

Coast, but that they are plentiful both

this side and the other side of that re—

gion. He states that certain larger ani-

mals, such as gophers and other burrow-

ing animals that live a portion of their

time above the soil, take the place, to a

great extent, of earthworms. _These,

however, are not compatible with agricul-

tural operations, and it is extremely

doubtful if their influence for the general

good of the soil is any better or as great

as is that of the earthworm.



The influence of living matter in the

soil is a very potent one in so far as the

fertility of the soil is concerned. The

soil that is devoid of humus or organic

matter isia soil that will take many years

to bring to a state of high productivity

because humus is not an easily manufac-

tured substance and although we may

apply artificial manures persistently for

a number of years, it will be a consid-

erable period before the normal or most

advantageous supply of humus is incor-

poratedgin the soil proper. This is why

the addition of artificial manures should

be regularly practiced from year to year,

not that we may expect to realize in a

single year or to restock the soil in a

single year with humus, but that we may

return at least the equivalent of that

which has been removed in the previous

year’s cropping. More particularly still,

however, it is desirable that such meth-

ods of cultivation, drainage and cropping

be carried on that the production of

humus and the spread of organic matter

may go on uninterruptedly in the soil.





 





 





._....





CLEAN MILK.





 





The nghteousness of the Demand for

Clean Milk.



The production and the marketing of

milk has been in the hands of the farmer

from its beginning. Very little thought

has been given to the idea that in pro-

ducing this milk, and in handling it, and

in manufacturing it into the various milk

products the question of cleanliness and

sanitation should be called very 'vividly

to the attention of the dairyman. It is

only in these later years with the in-

creased attention which has been given

to the problems of sanitation and health

that we have begun to give serious con-

sideration to our food supply.- The pro-





duction of clean milk is not only a nachos-I .





sity from the standpoint of the customer

of the dairyman and not only is‘it a.

necessity because it becomes the duty of

the manufacturer or producer to put

upon the market a product of the highest

degree of excellence which he can, but

the production of clean milk is necessary

because it is to the producer an economic

necessity.



Milk as secreted in the udder of the

healthy cow, we may assume to be clean;

in fact, it is clean. If it could be mar-

keted in the same condition in which it

exists in the udder of the cow, no fault

could possibly be found with that product

from a sanitary standpoint. It is im-

possible, however, to market milk in this

condition. It becomes more or less con-





taminated through the agency of filth,





on the flanks of the cow, on the hands

and clothing of the milker, unclean milk-

ing utensils and unclean stable surround-

ings. It has long been the custom to

remove in so far as possible, from the

milk the visible dirt, but the visible dirt

in milk is simply an indication as to the

careless methods under which that milk

was produced. We would assume that

when particles of filth and dirt are seen

in the bottom of the pan, or are strained

out when the milk is poured onto the





strainer, that those particles represent

the harmless, insoluble residue of the

product which originally contaminated





the milk. The bacteria, and other unde-

sirable parts of this contaminating filth,

will be found to be fairly soluble in the

milk, and to pass through the strainer

with the milk."



Cleanliness is a real economy. Not

only are we beginning to recognize as far

as marketing is concerned, that clean

milk is worth much more as an article of

food than unclean milk, but the farmer

is beginning to realize that a clean cow

is much more apt to be a healthy cow

than an unclean one. The best way to

keep a cow healthy is to keep her clean.

The best way to keep her clean is to

clean her from time to time and to keep

her surroundings clean, well ventilated

and well lighted. When these conditions

of cleanliness are fulfilled then the cow

is in a very favorable, healthful environ-

ment and the diseases which are so com-

mon in poorly ventilated, poorly lighted,

unclean stables are practically eradicated.

Tuberculosis, for example, is one of the

most common, most to be dreaded dis-

eases of cows, and yet tuberculosis is a

direct result of uncleanliness in the

stable.



Having produced milk from a clean cow

in a clean way, the second great requisite

is to keep it cool. For this purpose many

dairies are equipped with a cooler, some-

times called an aerator, or sometimes

called and aerator and cooler combined.

Aeration and cooling cannot be combined

simultaneously. In clean milk aeration

is not desirable. It is perfectly feasible

to take milk which has been directly re-

moved from the udder of the cow and put

it into bottles or other closed receptacles

and cool it down to a low temperature,

to be marketed without aeration. The

only possible excuse for the use of an

aerator is in removing the marks of un-

cleanliness in milk. For this reason it

has always been the policy of the writer

to condemn the aerator. Clean milk does

not need aeration. Unclean milk should

not be aerated because, by so doing, one

of the marks of uncleanliness has been

removed and the consumer is misled as

to the sanitary condition of that product.

At any rate, aeration and cooling cannot

take place simultaneously because, when

the milk is cooling it is not giving up

odors, but is taking up odors, and if it

were desirable to aerate the milk the

milk should be warmed instead of cooled,

to encourage aeration, and then after-

wards cooled to a low temperature. We

think aeration is undesirable.





Clean milk is a safe milk. Clean milk

in the sense in which we have discussed

it in this short paper, means healthy

milk; milk from healthy cows. Clean

milk costs more to produce but it is eco-

nomical in spite of its extra cost for the

dairyman to produce it. Costing more,

such milk must receive a greater price

and the public, we believe, is now ready

to pay the greater price because the milk

is worth more. '\\"e are aware of the diffi-

culty involved in asking the consumer to

pay a higher price for milk and we are

prepared to say, however, that milk may

cost at retail fourteen cents a quart be-

fore it equals the cost of sirloin steak at

eighteen cents a pound. But paying such

a price, the public is entitled to know

with certainty that the milk is clean and

pure and wholesome. ‘



FLOYD W. Romson.





 

 





 





   

 

 





 





Iowa";

Arctic





Soc tho Heavy

Gum 'I'oo Cop





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





' Soc tho “Sam-ml"

Extonolon Hool





Show at the Right Places



Do you want your arctics to wear ‘2 Do you

want your arctic to last. and not. break out at

the toe or heel ii Beacon Falls Arctics look dif-

ferent and are different from _ others. The

IOWA Arctic is one of them. It is Just as good

as it. looks. “Samson” Extenswn Heels and

the Heavy Gum Toe Caps mean better wear.

They insure strength at. the right places.



When you want any kind of a. rubber boot. or

shoe ask your dealer to Show you the Beacon

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The are made of fine rubber and are always

the eat for the money.





If your dealer cannot supply you, send us

his name and we will see that you er

tom tly fittedi out. . An illus- -



a. booklet. escribmg Beacon

Falls rubber footwear free, if you

send your name. d "v k

The Beacon Falls Rubber Shoo co. I;.,°..,:.'..

onloago New York Boston Grou-





 





   

 





 





 

   





 





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But. so Fargo Street

1872 _ utovio. Ill.





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Double Aotlon. Trlplo Geared

This No. 5 is one of our

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car com and small grain for stock

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SCIENTIFIC SWEEP, MILL





 

 

 

 

 





:3..:::::V:..:::;::’:: it “t ltltlltlilllll’l'imlltltlt





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Jami/e gnho’fn; ”th Mil say-loaf! gr'oore: (hale fit





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(WITH BAGGER ATTACHMENT)



do the work of two ordinary mills with less ower.

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never chokes. ‘or , ,

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* 58 int} oi Honest





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lever any question but that you will be paid more

be sure of get-





   





Eor your raw iurs than you could

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‘ an AI HAIL Tlils COUPON mm

rumour-r mm a sons. non-ore lieh.‘





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GREAT ‘ OPPORTUNITY





Why wait for the old farm to become your in-

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your future prooperi y and indo-

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units you in lonltobo, 8w

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can secure a. Free Homestead or

buy land at reasonable prices.





NOW’S THE TIME





cropsof Wheat.Oats and Bar-

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The United Factories of 504 Wyandotto

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' THE MICHIGAN





(Continued from page 584).

counties and 96 in the upper peninsula.

One year ago the per cent woe” in the

state, 96 in the southern counties, 98 in

the central counties and 94 in the north-

ern counties and upper peninsula.



Fall Pasture.——The condition of fall

pasture as compared with an average per

cent is 88 in the state and southern

counties, 85 in the central counties, 90

in the northern counties and 100 in the

upper peninsula.



Live Stock—The condition of live stock

throughout the state is 95 for horses, cat-

tle and sheep and 96 for swine.





 





CROP AND MARKET NOTES.





Livingston 60., Dec. 4.——We have been

having some winter weather for about

twu weeks. Farmers were caught with

probably 40 per cent of their corn crop in

the field. No fall plowing to speak of

has been done. Stock of all kinds doing

well. Not much stock on feed this win-

ter on account of the scarcity of feed.

.Newaygo 00., Dec. 7.—Not much snow

yet with fine weather up to this writing.

Good weather for corn bushing, manure

hauling or any other farm work that

there is to do this time of the year. Beans

about all threshed in this locality with

rather a poor yield and lots of poor beans,

some so wet the buyers refused them.

No surplus of feed for sale in this local-

ity. Some farmers busy hulling corn.

Rye and wheat is going into winter in

good shape, except where on low ground

There will be a large planting of peach

trees in this county next spring. Po-

tatoes are bringing 62c; beans, white,

$1.90; reds. $2.30; butter, 30c; eggs, 30c.



Shlawassee 00., Nov. 28.—A contin-

uous wet period accompanied with light

snow and rain. Roads in very bad con-

dition and gradually getting worse.

Farmers are completely tied up. fields

too wet to cross, roads too heavy for

hauling beets and grain and the corn

crop too wet for handling. Manure haul-

ing delayed on account of the wet land.

A few farmers have apples to deliver to

cars for shipping but are unable to handle

them. The larger portion of the corn

crop is standing in the fields. There is

still hundreds of acres of beans to har-

vest, some unpulled while a large num-

ber of acres are in the pile. Beans in

stacks are in poor condition and some

farmers say they will notvattempt to

thresh. Potatoes are not keeping well in

cellars and a winter shortage is looked

for. Lamb feeders are a. little uncertain

relative to filling up. on account of high

prices of feed and the poor outlook for

better market. No cattle will go on feed

this winter. A good many farmers are

disposing of their sheep and purchasing

cows and will milk them this winter for

the creamery. One lamb feeder who last

winter fed 1.500 lambs has purchased 28

cows and will feed his grain and rough-

age to them rather than run too much

risk. Very few farms are changing hands

at the present time at any price.





THE INTERNATIONAL.





 





 





(Continued from page 528).

Springfield, Ill. The treasurer's report

showed this to have been the banner

year in the 36 years of the association’s

existence. It was voted to invest $2,000

more in government bonds. -



American Hampshire Swine Breeders'

Association.——The following officers were

elected at the directors’ meeting: Pres,

Willie Essig, Tipton. Ind.; vice-pres,

Clayton Messinger, Keswick, 13.; sec, E

C. Stone, Peoria, 111.; treas., Hugh Atkin-

son, Mt. Sterling Ill. The financial report

showed the association to be in a. press

perous condition with a large increase in

membership.



American Poland-China Record Asso—

ciation—Breeders from 13 states met

at the annual meeting. The affairs of

the association are in excellent condition

as shown by the report of the secretary.

M. P. Hancher, of Rolfe. 1a., and H. E.

Singleton, of McKinney, Tex., were elect-

ed to the board of directors. Lincoln

Dukens was re-elected.



National, Duroc-Jersey Record Asso-

ciation.—-Ofilcere elected: Pres., E. A.

Baxter, Pawnee, 111.; first vice-pres., R.



Harding, Macedonia, 13.; sec.. R. J.

Pfander, Peoria, 111.; trees... E. Z. Rus-

sell, Blair, Neb. A premium fund of

$1,200 was provided to be apportioned

among the state fairs and national shows

for 1912.



American Oxford Down Record Asso-

ciation—The old officers were re-elected

as follows: Pres., R. J. Stone, Stoning-

ton, Ill.; vice—pres. I. R. Waterbury.

Highland, Mich.; scc., W. A. Shafor,

Hamilton, 0. Appropriation for prizes

at 1912 International was fixed at $250,

while the mid-winter show at Guelph is

to receive $55 and the mid-winter show

at Omaha $50 in special prizes.



American Hampshire Sheep Breeders’

Association—The following officers for

the ensuing year were chosen: Pres., M.

C. Ring, Neillsville, Wis; first vice-pres.,

Frank J. Hagenbarth, Spencer, Idaho;

second vice-pres., N. Benha. Canon-

daigua, N. Y.; third vice—president, C.

O. Judd, Kent. Ohio; fourth vice—pres.,

Comfort A. Tyler, Goldwater, Mich.



American Rambouillet Sheep Breeders’

Association—At the annual meeting in

Record Hall the following officers were





elected: Pres, A. R. Jackson, Dayton,

Wash; vice-pres. F. '1‘. King. Laramie,

Wyo.: sec., Dwight Lincoln, Milford





Center, 0.; treas., E. L. Davis, Davlsburg.

Mich.



Continental Dorset Oink—Officers are

as follows: Pres., Barry Wheeler, of BL;

vice—pres., H. H. Cherry, of Ohio; secrev

tary and treasurer, elected for life re-

spectively. S. S. Staley and Joseph H.

Wing, both of Mechanicsburg, Ohio.

Treasurer Wing reported business the

most satisfactory in the history of the

club, 24 new members during the year,

the largest increase and largest sales

ever known.





 





ion? burner. imp y

your name an address for their offer.





 

 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 





 





Merry Christmas! Here is Big Ben.

May he wish you many of them!





get you up or to tell the time all

day—a clock for bedroom, parlor,

library or hall.



Big Ben stands seven inches tall.

He’s massive, well poised, triple

plated. His face is frank, open,

easy to read—his keys lar ge ,

strong, easy to wind.



He calls you every day at any

time you say, steadily for ten

minutes, or at repeated intervals

for fifteen.



He is sold by jewelers only—the

price is $2.50 anywhere.



If you cannot find him at your

jeweler’s, a. money order sent to his

designers, Westclox, La Salle,

Illinois, will bring him to you

express charges paid.





 





Don’t waste a minute of this

merry day. Have the presents

ready Christmas eve. Hang each

stocking up. Arrange the pres-

ents that won’t go inside in little

piles around each stocking.



Then, when all have gone to

sleep, sneak into each bedroom

a jolly-faced Big Ben.



He’ll ring the merriest Christ-

mas bell you have ever heard and

get the family down to see the pres—

ents bright and early so the whole

.day will be yours to fully enjoy.



Big Ben is a gift worth the giv-

ing, for he is a. clock that lasts and

serves you daily year after year.



He is not merely an alarm clock

——he’s an efficient timepiece—to





“Eveninonv”





can Afford a Gasoline Engine .

"K" 30





Willi Galloway’s New Low Prices





You've never before heard of such startling values—I‘ve never oflered ony-

thlug like them and you know full well that no one else has ever come any- -

where near my regular prices. But this time l’ve a startling: reason.

I want 10 men or more in every township in. country to own and oper-

ate a Galloway Enginc—l've decided to double my factory capacity

by increasing the sales twice and sell two where l formerly cold one

—thls calls for unusual values—hence, the greatest offer 1 have ever

made. I can save you from 025 to 8300 on on engine according

to the H. P. needed. It doesn‘t matter what sized engine

you wont I’ve got the one to fit your wants and do more

work and better work at less actual cost than any other

engine in the world. Write at once for full information

of the Greatest Oil'er Ever Made To American Farmers-—

don't delay but send me your name and address now, be-

fore you do another thing. Let me prove to you in cold

mete why I can put as to 0300 in your pocket.

WM. GALLOWAYCOMPANY

Wm. Galloway. Pr...

“Shannon-y at... Weterioo. In.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





   

 

 

 





WzflP





$2729





Other Prices

in Proportion





 





‘ ., No Such Quality in any engine A“ "

—-no matter what price you pay— \ rlx

the Galloway price saves you $25 .





p

2, \. we is?

./ ’3: . i





$fi~ I I H

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Borrow My New Mill





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nthumMill actually grades and

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Wheat. Corn, Barley, Flax. Clover,

Timothy. etc. Takes Outs from

Wheat. any mixture from Flux.

Buckhorn from Clover, Sorts Corn toredge—drop

lancer. Takes out all dirt. dust, olmfl and weed-seed

rom any grain. Handles 80 bushels per hour. Hand or

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Name on postal sent to nearest address brings it.





THE MANSON CAMPBELL CO.

Detroit —Kansae City-Minneapolis





   





 





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“"" l 1912 node!





[)6] 80 Ba. per Hour





 





 





When Writing to Advertisers please





 





 





Mention the Michignar Farmer.
"GRANGE





Our Motto—“The farmer is of more

consequence than the farm, and should be

first improved.”





 





STATE GRANGE AT KALAMAZOO.



The work of another annual State

Grange meeting will have been concluded

when this paper reaches its readers. This

meeting, the first session of which is

convening as we go .to press, promises to

be one of unusual interest and import-

ance to the farmers of this state owing

to the fact that new questionspor old

questions in new form, of vital import to

agriculture have ‘come into public notice

since the last meeting of this body. The

action of the delegates with regard to

such matters claims attention from all

classes, and all readers of this paper may

confidently rely upon finding, in the

Grange department of succeeding issues,

a complete, concise and accurate account

of the great meeting being held at Kala-

mazoo this week.





“A WORD FITLY SPOKEN.”





 





 





We have had considerable to say in our

Granges about “country community build-

ing” and “the one improvement” idea. Not

long ago I met a western woman who is

doing the one through the other. That

is, she is building up her community

ideals and practices through the one im-

provement plan. Let me tell you the

story in something of her own words:



"Our people are as yet unorganized;

each family is so engrossed in wealth get-

ting that thcy do not seem to feel the

need of social community life, but it’s

telling on the farm women, and it is to

help them that 1 am Working. We have

organized a little Country Club with the

purpose of making one improvement at

a time. \Ve meet and have a pleasant

social time with a program. The editor

of our paper gives me space each issue

for a report of our progress. I report ev-

ery improvement which I can observe,

however slight it may be. Sometimes it

is no more than that Mr. S. has painted

a part of his barn, or that Mr. D. has

hung a gate, or that Mrs. B. has put

screens in her nindows. I have left my

work and driven five or six miles to col—

lect material for these reports of im-

provements. People are pleased to have

their upward efforts noticed by others.

You Would be surprised at the changes

which have quietly gone on without a

single word being said about the neglect-

ed places or ugly practices.”



It was this last thought that caught

my attention and I mentally jotted it

down for our Michigan Granges that are

trying the “one improvement” plan. The

stimulus of appreciation! XVhat wonders

will it not effect! How many masters of

Granges have tried the practice which

this woman outlined? How many lec-

turers? How many stewards? How

many of us have persistently fixed

the habit of mentioning the improve-

ments we have noted in our neigh-

bor’s premises, in his fields, in his barn-

yard, front yard, back yard, or living

room? Have we cultivated the habit un-

til we naturally commend the good traits

‘of his cows, chickens and children? Do

we easily praise the good contribution to

the Grange dinner that is made. by the

women to whom cooking “comes hard?”

How often do we think to mention to the

shy member our appreciation of her sur-

prisingly fitting response to roll call, or to

compliment the new member upon his

valuable contribution to the discussion?

Or, on the other hand, have we the habit

3f grumbling, complaining, criticizing, and

playing the grouch generally concerning

neighborhood and neighbors?



It seems to me the sort: of reporting

which the woman I met is doing is of the

constructive sort, the sort good to imitate

both with the tongue and pen, as being

words fitly spoken that are ”like apples

of gold in pictures of silver.”



JENNIE BUELL.





 





THE GRANGE AS A COMMUNITY

SERVANT.





Actual Grange accomplishments along

lines of community service are steadily

multiplying and the Grange is as steadily

gaining in popularity and influence in

consequence. An eat. em Grange worker

has recently familiarized himself with the

work of those Granges which have been

foremost in striving. to accomplish some-

thing which shall be of permanent bene-

fit to their several communities. The ac-





THE MICHIG-

tivities of these widely separated Granges

are of interest .as illustrations and sug-

gestions to patrons and Granges which

hold the interests of the community

above mere Grange success.



To mark the historic spots in its town

was the task which one little county

Grange assumed. Suitable stone mark-

ers were secured and properly marked

and the various historic spots were then

hunted out. The members began to get

interested in local town history and were





amazed to learn how many interesting





happenings had occurred in that little

rural town. The outcome of the interest

aroused by this Grange undertaking was





the formation of a local historical society. ‘





One Grange decided, after discussing

the subject thoroughly that the village

library was far from realizing its possibil-

ities of usefulness. It included a choice

lot of good books, but it was poorly

housed, the books had no semblance of

being catalogued and few people realized

how much of value the library contained.

The Grange led the way towards having

Suitable quarters fitted up and the books

put in proper shape for convenient hand-

ling. A cozy reading room came next,

through Grange influence, then an in-

creased town appropriation for library

purposes and finally a movement set on

foot for a neat library building all by it—

self. The same Grange energy which en-

thused the townspeople. led in entertain-

ments for the library’s benefit and se-

cured the assistance of former residents

and other sympathetic well—wishers of

the town. In due time the library build-

ing was completed, the books put in

proper occupancy therein and the whole

stands today as a striking memorial to

Grange leadership in community benefit.



in one rural town there seemed little

that a Grange could do, but it was de-

cided after discussion at one meeting to

purchase a bed of regular hospital de—

sign, adjustable frame, woven wire spring

and hair mattress. The selectmen ac-

cepted it from the Grange, in the name

of the people of the town, and it is in

every sense a free bed, for the use of the

people of the .town who may need it. it

isIstored in the fire engine house, which

is always open day or night, and there

anyone in need may go for it and use it

so long as it may be needed, then re.-

turning it to its storage place. The bed

was originally earned by an “experience

meeting.” It began its career of ministry

in June, 1902, and has been in almost

constant uSe since.



In one town weekly band concerts have

been a feature that has furnished much

pleasure for all the people. The Grange.

took the lead, in the early spring, by

making a proposition to the local civic

league, that if the latter would raise the

money for a summer series of band con—

certs, the Grange would get the funds

and erect a band stand before July 1.

The challenge was accepted and the.

Grange at once got busy by arranging a

mock trial, of humorous character, which

was put on in the town hall. The result

was a handsome start towards the fund

that later built the band stand—and

brought the band concerts.



One Grange, in a small country town,

was the means of getting a town im~

provement movement under way that has

proved of incalculable benefit' to the

place. Realizing that such an undertak~

ing would be most successful through the

co-opcration of all the citizens, the

Grange thought best not to go ahead with

an improvement project on its own ac-

count, but instead it chose a committee

which conferred with the churches and

with other local organizations, to secure

the formation of a strong civic move.

ment for the general improvement of lo-

cal conditions. The Grange effort met an

instantaneous response and the move—

ment thus set under way has proved tre-

mendously beneficial to that community.





 





 





Grange and Schools Co-operate.—Wayne

Grange, one of the newer subordinates

of Cass county, recently held the best

meeting in its history, members to the

number of nearly 200 gathering at the

town hall for the purpose of considering

school matters. The consideration of

schools has been a subject of consider-

able interest in this section of the state,

since the first consolidation 0f schools in

this state was made in the neighboring

county of Kalamazoo. At this time there

is talk of attempting consolidation in

\Vayne township, and a prominent fea-

ture of this meeting was an able paper

by Mrs. Harmon Coble on “Michigan’s

First Consolidated School,” which was

discussed at length. Several of the schools

of the township participated in the pro-

gram at the close of which the Grange

served supper. This Grange has wrought

an improvement of a public nature

through an arrangement with the town-

ship by which the latter supplied lumber

from which the patrons built a long row

of home sheds adjacent to the town hall.





 





ANFAkMfiRf





 





one. 16. 1911. ‘ ' ‘





 





 





1'.





.N: "I

v . All"

12> l'llr‘y. :





Replace Your Old Foundations “

With Concrete ,





Don’t take any chances. If the supports of any of your buildings

are beginning to show signs of rotting or crumbling, replace them

with concrete right away. Don’t go back to wood or brick.



No other material should ever be used for this purpose. Concrete alone is

eternal. It is rat and mouse proof, will never decay and is absolutely rigid

and unyielding even under the severest stress and strain. ,





LEHICHE‘i‘ilIEIii‘F





should be your unvarying choice for every purpose of concrete construction.

[ts surpassing strength and durability place it in a class by itself. It is the

best cement for buildings, barns, water-troughs, corn cribs, fence posts, etc.



A good dealerin our own town handles Lehigh. Remember that name— l

Lchlgh—flook for the ehigh trade-mark if you wantto be sure ofthe best.



A handsome book—containing valuable information—giving full directions

for the use ofconcrete on the farm—sent free. Just your name rind address on

a postal will do. Send today.





i

i

LEHIGH PORTLAND CEMENT COMPANY i

(ll mills—11,000,000 bbls. yearly capacity) +





 





534 Peoples Gas Bldg., Chicago





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





less if it required less acres to produce the feed. ‘ ‘ I t q - '4 p i





in available form.

with 50 to 100 pounds of Muriate of Potash, or 200 to 400 , ‘ _

pounds of Kainit, per acre, and you will raise big corn and p f}

fine clover after the grain and at the same time improve .

the fertility of the soil.





note the clover and good grasses crowd out the wild hay. ~ " * it

Write us for prices of Potash, one bag up. \, , I' ,~ &





Continent-.1 Building, Baltimore





 





““ 1W 7 V O

sass}. .





The Cost of producing meat or milk would be much





when the right plant foods are used to supplement the

manure and clover.

lumdwme profit on the expenditure. > _ , 5 i





Both the quantity and quality of the feed improve .Jr/

They improve enough to yielda l A V . i g l





The right plant food includes enough fl ' , l





@POTASH ’





Supplement the manure and phosphate » I .





Try Potash salts alone on the swamp land pasture and





GERMAN KALI WORKS. Inc.

nonndnock Block, Chicago

Whitney Central Bank Building, New Orleans





 





 





 





Increase your corn crop

Improve its quality





Packer’s Brand Fertilizer will enable you to

get from 80 to 100 bushels per acre of the

fullest, finest grain.





.V Packer’s Brand Fertilizer drilled 200 to 400 t

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3 rue ASSOCIATIONAL MEETING.





 





The 19th annual meeting of the Mich-

igan State Association of Farmers'- Clubs

convened at the senate chamber of the

capitol building at Lansing on December

5. No regular session was held in the

morning, the morning hours being devot-

ed to the routine work, payment of dues.

presentation of credentials and the or-

ganization of committees. The following

list of standing committees was appoint-

ed by President Holden:



‘;State Affairs.—C. B. Cook, J. N. Mc-

Bride, F. G. Bullock, J. D. Leland, F. B.

Freeman.



National Affairs—A. L. Chandler, Mrs.

R. R. Smith, A. B. Cook, F. W. Love.



Temperance—D. M. Beckwith, Mrs. W.

Cheney, C. P. Johnson, Rev. D. Sever~

ance, Mrs. Matthews.



Honorary Members—J.

chairman.



Club Extension—«B. W. Mattoon, Elmer

Cheeney, R. H. Munro, A. G. Matthews,

Hugh C. Whiting, Wm. T. 'Hill.‘



Credentials—Marion Coomer, Ira E.

Kinsman, Mrs. E. H. Cook, Hugh C.

Whiting, F. A. Rathbun.



To Receive and Formulate Resolutions.

Col. L. H. Iives, E. M. Moore. L. J. Deck—

er, Jerry Fahey, E. J. VVoodin.



The afternoon session was called

promptly at 1:30 p. m., and the program

was carried out intact. The session was

opened by music by the students from

the school for the blind, which was much

appreciated, followed by invocation. Next

came the report of the associational sec-

retary, Mrs. C. P. Johnson, of Hadley and

Elba Farmers’ Club, Lapeer county. Mrs.

Johnson's report was most complete in

showing the details of Club work during

the past year, and we regret that space

will not permit its publication in full in

this issue.



The statistical report showed that there

were 676 Club meetings held by the

Clubs reporting last year, With an aver-

age attendance of 50. Of these, 24 Clubs

use yearly programs, 45 hold annual

picnics, 4" ehold Club fairs and 20 hold,

temperance meetings. Further details

of the secretary's report will be published

in a later issue.



.Tpr ' pic's assigned. for the afternoon

session, viz.: ”Teaching Conservation of

Soils in the Primary Schools,” by Mrs.

Edna H. Ives, of Ingham Farmers“ Club;

"Good Roads,” by Hon. Townsend H. Ely,

state highway commissioner, and “De-

fects in our Educational System and its

Remedy," by E. M. Moore, of Wixom

.Farmers’ Club, were all well presented

and productive of great interest on the

part of the assembled delegates. Refer-





T. Danielle,





_ ence will be made to these numbers as





space may permit in future issues.





Tuesday Evening Session.



The Tuesday evening session was open-

ed by music from the school for the blind,

followed by an address of welcome by.

gov. Chase S. Osborn, who welcomed

the delegates in a happy manner and in-

cidentally discussed. some public issues,

including reciprocity, which he declared

to be a dead issue, and proposed change

in the state tax laws. He was followed

by Hon. A. B. Cook, of Maple River Club,

who responded to the address of welcome

and touched briefly upon the reciprocity

proposition by stating that in Canada—-

to which he referred as a sort of monar-

chial dependency—this proposition was

submitted to a vote of the people, an ex-

ample which he thought our statesmen

might well follow in future years in dis;

posing 'of questions of such great import.



The closing number of the program was

the president’s address by President B.

A. Holden, of Wixom Farmers' Club.

President Holden's address was an ear-

nest plea for the betterment of rural con—

ditions. He advocated the repeal of the

reciprocity act and the amendment of

our tax laws along lines suggested by the

special commission of inquiry and en—

larged upon the benefit of co-operation,

particularly as demonstrated in England

under the/Rochdale plan. Space will not

permit the publication of President Hol-

den's address in this issue, but future

references will be made to it.



The Wednesday Morning Session.



The early part of this session was de-

voted to a. conference of local Clubs di-

rected by Hon. D. M. Morrison. This

‘Was followed by the report of the commit-

tees, resolutions being presented and

“adopted by the Association as follows:



National Affairs. '





Whereas, This State Association of

Club of Michigan did, at its





Mill





   





man I meetings! 1904-}. adept» a resolu-

tion king that; September- 30; of each

year, be designated “Memory Day" and

be devoted to improving the condition of

the cemeteries throughout the-state, and

of the graves therein, and which resolu-

tion was endorsed also by the State

Grange, then in session, and -



Whereas, At the following session of

our state legislature, an act was passed

in conformity with the spirit of the above

resolution, and which has resulted in an

improved condition of the cemeteries

throughout our state—this through the

creating, thereby, of a better public senti-

ment—and which benefits we believe

should be extended over this entire land;

therefore be it



Resolved, By this State Association of

Farmers: Clubs of Michigan, that we do

hereby most earnestly petition our Na-

tional Congress, through. the members

thereof, from this state of Michigan, to

enact that September 30, of each year, be

designated “Memory Day” and be devoted

to improving the condition of the ceme—

teries within these entire United States,

and making beautiful with flowers and

loving care, the graves therein.



Resolved, That we reaffirm our position

in favor of the election of United States

senators by direct vote of the people.



Resolved, That we favor such restric-

tion and regulation of trusts, that un-

lawful and injurious restraint of trade

be effectually prohibited.



Belt Resolved, That we do, with all

the force at our command, renew our

demand for a general parcels post.



Recognizing the vast amount of money

which is annually appropriated for battle-

ship building and harbor improvement,

therefore be it Resolved, that we demand

that a generous appropriation for the

improvement of our public highways be

made. -



Resolved, That We favor such amend-

ment to the interstate commerce law as

will stop the shipping of intoxicating

liquors into dry territory. ..



Resolved, That we favor the strength-

ening of our conservation laws so that

the property of the public be given up

only when an equitable consideration has

been given.



Be It Resolved, That we favor the im-

mediate repeal ot the Canadian reciprocity

pact enacted at the special session of

congress last summer.



Vi’hereas, We recognize the fact that

war in civilized countries, with its fear-

ful waste of property and life, must for-

ever cease, therefore be it Resolved, that

we do most heartily endorse the ener-

getic action of President Taft in lending

his influence and in granting the co—op-

eratlon of our country in the interests

of a condition of universal peace.





State Affairs.



W’hcreas, We are a government of the

people for the people and by the people,

and that this statutory recognition has

been made in Michigan by legislative ac-

tion in the direct primary for governor,

lieutenant-governor, and other officials, as

well as for expressing a preference for

United States senators,



Therefore, be it resolved that we favor

such additional legislation as will allow

the selection of delegates to the national

party conventions by direct primary, and

that we request the regular party com-

mittees to provide such means for ex-

pression of choice of delegates in 1912.

We further ask that the secretary of the

State Association of Farmers’ Clubs noti-

fy the various party organizations by

sending them a copy of this resolution.



Whereas, In the final analysis the gov-

ernment is the people and the citizens of

Michigan have for years enjoyed the ben-

efits of an unexcelled school system,

Therefore, Be it resolved that we are

qualified to exercise the power of direct

legislation and recall.



Whereas, The history of agriculture

shows a continued depletion of fertility

in cropping and unless soil losses are pre-

vented, lessened fertility and abandoned

farms must surely follow. Therefore, we

ask for a careful consideration of annual

soil depreciation with such due allowance

in taxation as will permit a maintenance

of fertility as a fair offset against the

increasing land values in cities resulting

from the increment of increased popula-



on.



Whereas, The sale value of farms is

made up of the two items of soil condi-

tion and the labor and management of

the farmer, and when so assessed for pur-

poses of taxation the farmer is compelled

to pay taxes not only upon the soil but

an income tax upon his own skill as a

manager and toil as a laborer and often

upon that of his family as well. There-

fore, Be it resolved that in the adjust-

ment of the tax laws of this state, that

all subjects of taxation be revised up-

ward to include reasonable incomes, or

that farm values be made to exclude tax-

ation upon the individual excess of earn-

ing when exerted by the brains and toll

of the farmer.



W'ehreas, The establishment of the

binder twine plant in the Jackson prison

has not only furnished employment to the

prisoners, but has been of great value

to the farmers in reducing the cost of

twine. Therefore, we commend. the use

of this twine, a state production, and ap-

prove of the distribution of twine direct

as an economic advance. '



We commend the tax inquiry commis-

sion and when an equitable method of

sharing the state’s burden has been deter-

mined, we pledge our support toward the

adoption of such a law.



Whereas, Education and morality are

the essentials of good citizenship. There

is no reason for the exclusion of those so

qualified from participation in state

affairs. Therefore we favor granting the

elective franchise to women and men alike

filth a reasonable educational qualifica-



on.



Whereas, Cigarette smoking is not only

pernicious, but petty, we favor the pro-

hibition or the sale of cigarettes, but a

penalty for their use in public.





 





mamcmcmmmm





Whereas, The Farmers’ Clubs and other '

organizations have the machinery for

meetings and diffusion of agricultural

knowledge, therefore we would ask the

superintendent of farmers’ institutes to

provide state speakers for such meetings,

when the traveling expenses would be

borne by such organizations.



Be it Resolved, That we recognize the

necessity of the work as proposed for a

commissioner of agriculture being per-

formed, but believing that the work can

be done more effectively and economically

under the auspices of the State Board of

Agriculture, therefore be it resolved. that

we hereby petition the legislature to pro-

vide the.necessary funds to make this

work possible.



Special Resolutions.



Resolved, By the Michigan State Asso-

ciation of Farmers' Clubs, believing it a

good and Wise thing to do, that we favor

and will undertake to place in each of

the schooirooms in the state in suitable

form, the following true words, "It pays

always to do right and it never pays to

do wrong." This we favor doing, desiring

thereby to aid the boys and girls of Mich-

igan in becoming noble and true men and

women.





Resolved, That the Michigan State

Farmers’ Association in session at the

capitol, commend and congratulate the





Detroit Times and the Detroit Saturday

Night, for their unselfish sacrifice in ex-

cluding from their columns all rum ad-



(Additional resolutions in next issue).



Election of Officers.



Officers were elected at the close of this

session as follows: President, J. D. Le-

land. Corunna; vice-president, Hon. D.

M. Morrison, St. Johns; secretary-treas-

urer, Mrs. C. P. Jonson, Metamora; di-

rector, to fill out the unexpired 'term of

Hon. Patrick Hankerd, deceased, H. W.

Chamberlin, White Lake; directors for

six-year term, Wm. T. Hill, Carson City,

Jerry Spalding, Balding. Mr. D. M. Beck-

with was re—elected to represent the As-

sociation on the directorate of the anti-

saloon league.



(Continued next week).

TO FARMERS' CLUB MEMBERS, AND

OTHERS.



It will be remembered that at the an-.

nual meeting of the State Association of

Farmers' Clubs in 1904, a resolution was

adopted, which asked that September 30

be designated “Memory Day” and devot-

ed, each year, to improving the condition

of the cemeteries of our state and the

graves therein. The State Grange, also

then in session at Lansing, endorsed the

above resolution, and thus did these two

great organizations give force to a senti-





 





 





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IRAPPE’RS GET BUSY

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Over ten million dollars will be paid to trapper: of

fur bearing animals during the coming winter. Any

man or boy living in the country can. add a goodly

sum to his earnings bg trapping durin spare mo-

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We receive more furs direct from trapping grounds

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ment which resulted in an act, by the

succeeding legislature, which established

September 30 as “Memory Day," with its

noble purposes and helpful influences.

Each succeeding year has witnessed in-

creased observance of this appointed day,

until, in the metropolis of the state—the

beautiful city of Detroit—the daily papers





state “Memory Day is widely observed."

Thus is the more considerate caring for

the graves of our dead being secured,





through tlm observance of this set day,

in the autumn time. If such good results

thereby come to Michigan, is it not well

to seek to extend, beyond her borders,

these benefits to her sister states?





An effort will be made, during the

present session of congress, to secure an

act which shall designate September 30,

as “Memory Day" for these entire United

States—reunited through the sacrifice of

the lives of her brave sons, as witness

the many thousands of soldier graves on

hill side and in vale. To accomplish this

purpose, to secure an act of congress, ap-





 





peal will be made, primarily, through

Senator “'illiam Alden Smith, of Mich-

igan, who is expected to introduce the





measure in congress. It is the desire of

those back of this movement to have the

earnest, helpful co-opcraiion of members

of Farmers’ Clubs and Grangcs, and oth-

ers, in this matter. If you will give to

this worthy cause your helpful aid by

addressing an earnest appeal to Senators

William Alden Smith and Charlcs E.

Townsend and, also, to your representa-

tive in congress, and do this now, the

results can hardly fail of being all that

is desired.



The act sought will change no present

statute, neither will it carry with it an

appropriation from the treasury, but it

will give practical, nation—wide support

to a sentiment which is essential to man’s

highest good, and which is in danger of

being crushed by the present overwhel-

ming and almost universal desire to ob-

tain possession of temporal values, yet

which but perish with the using.



Thoughtful public men who have been

consulted in this matter, promise their

influence and aid, and the co-operation off

citizens in general, is earnestly desired.

Will you do your part and aid this wor-

thy cause, as above suggested, and share

in the satisfaction of having done a good

deed? (See special resolution adopted at





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DETROIT WHOLESALE MARKETS.





December 13, 1911.

Grains and Seeds.

Wheat—Prices have been maintained

around the closing figures of last week.

Dealers are looking at two factors in the

market to guide them in price making:





are

are:





some weeks past but which are now be-

ginning to wane. The other factor is

conditions in Argentine; until the past

few days it appeared that growers there

would succeed in getting their crop har-

vested in good condition but continued

rains, especially in the northern part of

that country, have made harvesting and

threshing difficult and there is now prom-

ise that much of the grain will be dam-

aged. This resulted in an advance in





curr





try.





dem

also





values in Liverpool where the trade isde- 160'

pending largely upon the South American chic

country.





wheat which has allowed accumulations

to pile up. One year ago the price for

No. 2 red wheat was 95%c per bu. The





country and over one and One-half mil-

lion bushels in Canada. Quotations are





as follows: ch01





Red. White. May. July.

No. 2 N0. 1



Thursday ...... 941/, .92 .9934; .94

Friday ......... 941/1, .92 .9955 .94

Saturday . . . . . .95 .93 .991/2 .95 per

Monday ....... 94%, .9214 .9894 .9414

Tuesday ....... 95 .93 .9914 94%

Wednesday .. . .95 .93 .9914 .9431; @3;





Corn.-—Corn prices rule about

with the closing figures of last week.

Rains are preventing the delivery, of new

corn which is giving the market a stead-

ier tone. New corn is grading poorly and

there is a tendency to widen the margin

between the better and poorer grades. On are





made an advance of one—half cent per cm

bushel.

active. The weather this fall has been 68c

so unfavorable as to make much of the Cad

new crop unmarketable, which will take tail





otherwise would aid the bears. One year 8c;

ago the price for No. 2 corn was 53c per “.01.

bu. The visible supply shows an increase





Oats.——1’rices remain steady with last 33m

week. Chicago showed a slightly larger

ture deals. At tlle local market the trade are

affects prices. .

cats were quoted at 35%;; per bu., which 190:

is 15c below present values. The vistble 61:16

supply shows a decrease of over one-third

of a million bushels. Quotations are:





BeansrfiA reduction of 50 on nominal

quotations took place this last wet-k.

l’ractically no sales are being made. and

offerings continue to show poor condi-

tions. Many farmers are just complet-

ing their threshing and reports are gen-

eral regarding the high percentage of

poor beans. Quotations are as follows:



Cash. Jan. .1

Thursday ................. _..$2.20 $2.25 m“





and

butt





Friday ................. T... 2.15 2.20

Saturday ................... 2.15 2.2 171*

Monday .................... 2.15 2.20 ‘A

Tuesday ................... 2.15 2.20

\Vedncsday ................ 2.17 2.22 clud





Clover Seed.»—’l‘here was a slight re-

covery on Tuesday of the loss in price enin





spot and 50c for March seed. Alsike is





steady. Quotations are as follows:



Prime Spot. March. Alsike. 5m

Thursday . . . . . . . $12.50 $12.60

Friday ........... 12.35 12.4; 10.50 sofa

Monday .......... 12.25 12.35 10.50

Monday .......... 12.10 12.10 10.50 and

Tuesday ......... 12.11 12.15 10.50 pick

\Vedllcsday ...... 12.20 12.20





Timothy Seed—«No transactions have

taken place in this department and the’ the

nominal prices remain at $7.20.



Rye.~—Rye lost 1c on Tuesday. The Rye





market is quiet. Quotations for ,‘

No. 2 is 930 per bu. {:23

Flour, Feed, Potatoes, Etc. N2.





with prices unchanged. rye

Straight ....................... ....... 4.10 ton;

Patent Michigan

Ordinary Patent



Feed. —All grades steady with last

Carlot prices on track are:

ton; coarse middlings, $29; fine middlings

$32; cracked corn, $30; coarse corn meal,

$30: corn and cat chop, $28 per ton.





are higher except oat

steady. Quotations are:

$21632150; No. 2 timothy, 3520032050; clo— Ohio

ver, mixed, $1.9fi1950: rye straw, $10@

10.50: wheat and eat straw, $9 per ton. tions

tained. with conditions practically un- XX,

changed.

at 85@90c per bushel in bulk.





mess pork;





about steady.





Veal.—Market steady.





Dressed Hogs.——Light,

$7.50; heavy, $7 per cwt.





Ca bbage.—Higher.





Monday N0. 4 yellow corn showed a (16- Worth 230

cline of a half cent, While N0. 3 yellow potato market is weaker this week, buy-





The market is only moderately outside markets.





from the trade a large block of corn that is steady.





Poultry.—Live.—Market firm;

volume of business both in cash and fu- have made a good advance but turkeys





is steady and dull, there is no news that fowls, 13@15c; turkeys, 14@15c.

One year ago standard v—Dull, with turkeys lower.





Butter.——The

consumers that butter is too high has

resulted





both creamery and dairy offerings.



is the first decline in many weeks. Cream-



cries, 2661735c; dairies, 24@32c.

Eggs—The reaction in butter and the





cash stead y.





fraction. The





ov,lglons.——Family pork, $17.50@20.50;

$16.50;vmedium 'clear, $17@18;

s, 14c; bacon, 12@14%c; pure lard in





P

i

; MARKETS . ; tierces, 9%c; kettle rendered lard, 10340

E per 1b. '

MAMA-“A4





Dairy and Poultry Products.





Button—Creamery butter took a drop

of 1c on Monday.

caused consumers to

goods for butter to quite a. considerable

extent in large cities.





High prices have

substitute other





Dairy products





steady at former Values. Quotations

Extra creamery, 35c; creamery





firsts, 34c; dairy, 21c; packing, 20c per lb.





. . Eggs—This product continues firm



ei ts from th northwest, .

grilled? htahfe rggeii). exceedinglg heavy for Wlth the supply inadequate to meet the

demand. There is no change in values,





ent receipts, cases included, being





quoted at 320 per doz.

Poultry.—Generally

have advanced in most grades of poul-





speaking, prices

Turkeys and geese, however, remain

There exists an improved

and, due in part to the season and

to the high prices of other meats





which causes attention to be directed to--

ward p0u1try products.

. . follows:

quotations in Buenos Ayres and stronger 11@12C: ducks, ”@160; young ducks, 15@





Quotations are as

Live—Turkeys. 16@17c; geese,



spring chickens, 11@111,éc; No. 2

kens, 80 per lb; hens, 960911.30. Dressed





Just now the flour trade is slow .



. ——Chickens, 11@12c; hens, 9@100; ducks,



and millers are not good buyers of cash 16Wi17c; geese, ”@130; turkeys, 16@18c.

Cheese.—~~Michigan old,



Michigan, late,





161/2@17%C;

161/5 @17%c; York state,





, . new, 17021.80; Swiss, domestic block, 17@

itifi‘emw satire: iii: 31;; cream mom. Mom 14

' (ll .10.





Fancy, 10@110.;

$7.75;





ce, 8@90 per lb.

medium,





Fruits and Vegetables.





Selling at $2@2.25

bbl. for home-grown.





Onions.——Steady at 95c@1 per bu.

Apples.—Baldwins and Greenings $2.76





Spy, $3@3.50; Ben Davis, $2@2.50;





steady Snows, $3.50@4 per bbl.





OTHER MARKETS.

Grand Rapids.





Fresh eggs are still very scarce and





quoted at 29@30c. Dairy butter is





Hay is selling at $18@20. The





reporting a falling off in demand in

Farmers are getting

for potatoes at Greenville and 65c at

illac, while at Grand Rapids the re-

price is 80613900. The poultry market

Live fowis at 71/2@8c; geese,

ducks, 10c; turkeys, 13c. Wheat is

th 910: oats, 500; corn, 65c.





of over two million bushels. Quotations New York.



are as follows: Butter—All grades have declined 2@

NO- 3 NO- 3 40. Feeling is weak and uncertain. Mar-

COX‘H Yellow. ket uneasy. Creamery specials are quot-



Thursday ----------- 61% 92% ed at 350 per lb; extras, 34c; firsts, 32@



Friday ................... 61 62 330; seconds, 30@31C.



Saturday ------ - ----------- 61 6? Eggs—Jrrade is unsettled after a de-



Monday ------------------ 61 63 cline of 5c for all offerings. Fresh gath-



Tuesdlly ------------------ 611/2 6%1/2 ered extras, 3760400; extra firsts, 34@35c;



\Vednesday -------------- 611/2 642 seconds, 286F300; western gathered whites





40c per dozen.

chickens





W'estern chickens, 12%?17140:

Dressed

Turkeys, 10@

fowls, 5@16c; western chickens, 15

0 per lb.





lower.





9





Chica o.

heat—No. 2 red, 95@965/3c;





Standard. No. 3 W May,

White. 97%0; July, 940 per bu.



Thursday .............. _._.. 50% 50 Corn—N0. 3 591/2@6014c; May, 63%0;

Friday ................... 501/2 50 July, 635/30 per bu.

Saturday ................. 501/2 50 ()ats.--No. 2 white, 48’1/2@49C; May,

Monday ................... ' 501/2 50 49‘ch July, 4574c per bu.

Tuesday .................. 501/2 50 Barley—Malone grades, $1.08@1u21 Der

'\\r"edncsday ............... 501/2 50 bu; feeding. 806.0950.





general feeling among

in a wider use of substitutes

consequently in a smaller demand for

er, resulting in reduced quotations for

This





ler weather conditions have given





eggs a quieter market with the under-

tone weaker than it has been for a cou-





of months. Quotations are: Firsts,





grading 45 per cent fresh, 28@30c; ordi—

nary firsts, 2510/270; at mark, cases in-





ed, 22611280 per dozen.





Potatoes—Receipts at this week’s op-





g were heavier than a week earlier,





since last Thursday which was 40c for which gave the trade an easier tone and

reduced . ‘

Minnesota stock 10 and Wisconsm stock





quotations for Michigan and





Michigan stock is now quoted at 83





$10.50 ((1:85c per bu; Wisconsin, 75@80c; Minne-





, 83fi285c.





Beans—Prices dropped 1c for pea beans





300 for red kidneys. Choice hand-

ed pea beans quoted at $2.34 per bu;





10.50 prime, $2.27; red kidneys, $2.85 per bu.

Hay and Straw.—-VVith the exception of





best clover all grades of hay lost 500





or half the advance made a week ago.





straw is also down; other grades

Quotations: Choice timothy, $22

per ton; do., No. 1, $20.50fi2l.50; do.,

2 and No. 1 mixed, $196,019.50; do.,

3 and No. 2 mixed, $146018; clover,





Fiour.——There is a fair demand for flour. $15/r'1l17; do., No. 2 and no grade, $76313;





straw, $106511: oat straw, $9@10 per

wheat straw, $8629 per ton.





Apples—Market about steady with a

.................... 450 week ago.

fwd/4.25 per bbl., according to kind and

Bran, $27 per quality.





The offerings are selling from





Boston.





TVool.~A moderate volume of business

is reported.

Hay and Straw.—~Both hay and straw are meeting a healthy demand.

straw which is values have been well maintained with a



No. 1 timothy, tendency toward higher figures for fleeces





.Both territory and fleeces

Former





14-bloods haVe been marked up a

leading domestic quta-





range as follows: Ohio and Penn-





Potatoes—Last” week’s prices are sus- sylvania fleeces—Delaine washed, 30@31c;





28c; fine unmerchantable, 22@23c;





Car lots on track are quoted 1/é-blood combing,'260; %-blood combing,

24@25%c; 14-blood combing, 25c; delaine





‘ THE MicFi‘iGAN FARMER.





   





Disc. 16, 1911.





unwashed, 25c; flne unwashed, 21c. Mich- more liberally, the national holiday hav-

igan, Wisconsin and New York fieeces— ing checked the marketing the preceding

Fine unwashed, 200; delaine unwashed, week, and several declines in prices took

23c; %-blood unwashed, 24%0. Kentucky, place, placing the market on a lower

Indiana and Missouri—%-blood, 240; 1,4- basis than for a considerable period. As

blood, 24c. usual, prices were extremely sensitive to

the outside demand, and whenever east-



ern shippers operated sparingly, local



at 35c per 1b., packers were pretty sure to obtain bet-

which is a decline of 1c below last ter terms. There was no particular

week’s quotation. Output for the week, change in the character of the buying,

632,0001bs., as compared with 626,400 lbs. and heavy lard hogs continued to sell

for the previous week. much the”highest, with nowhere near

————-———~————--— enough of them to go around. Light



THE LIVE STOCK MARKETS. weights had to go at a. marked discount,

~——-—— with pigs much the lowest of all, although



Buffalo. , they were received in smaller numbers.



. December 11. 1911- Hogs haVe continued to sell much under

(Spemal Report of Dunnlng & Stevens, the exceptionally high prices paid one and

New York Central Stock Yards, two years ago, but otherwise they ruled

East Buff-’31, N. Y-) higher than in most former years. Stocks



RBCGiDtS Of StOCk here today as fOHOWSI of provisions in western storage » points

Cattle 225 cars; hogs, 120 double decks; are SO large that prices have been seek-

sheep and lambs, 125 double decks; calves mg lower levels for lard, pork and ribs.

1,200. head. The close of the week saw a sharp rally.

With 225 cars of cattle on our market in prices, with light hogs selling at $5.60

here today, anything of any quality and @630 and the best heavy lots at $6.30@

fat sold strong. There was some of the 6.45, while pigs went at $4.50@5.50. Prices





Elq l n.

Butter.—-—Market firm





primest cattle shown here today that has were nearly as high as a week earlier._





been here this winter. W'ith very un- Stocks of provisions increased in western

favorable weather, cold and raining here markets last month 30,819,000 lbs. and are

nearly all day, at the close everything now 95,000,000 lbs. greater than a year

was about sold, and we quote as follows: ago.



Best 1.400 to 1.60041). steers, $8@8~50; Sheep and lambs fluctuated consider-

good prime 1.300 to 1.400-lb. steers, 57-50 ably in prices last week, ruling alter-

@7.85; (10. 1.200 to 1.30041).- d0-. $7@7-50i nately lower and higher in accordance

best 1.100 to 1.200-lb- shipping steers, $6@ with the volume of the offerings, lambs

6-50; medium light butcher steers, 1,000 of the best grade being prime favorites

to 1.100. $5-25@5-75; light butcher steers, and first to advance. Next in popularity

$4.50@5; best fat cows, $4.75@5.50: fair came fat little-yearlings on the lamb or-

to 8000 do. $3-75@4.25; common to me- der, with wethers and ewes following at

dium do., $3@3-50; trimmers. $2.25@2~75; much lower prices, as usual. Feeders

best fat heiferS, $5-50@6; good do., $4.75 were scarce and steady, and there'was

@525; fair to good do. $4634.50; stock not much call for breeders. There was

heifers. $3-25@3-50; best feeding steers, a very wide margin in prices between the

dchorned. $4.75@5.50; common do., $3-50 medium kinds and choice lots of sheep,

(1L4: stockers, all grades. $3.25@3?50; prime yearlings and lambs, and substantial

export bulls, $5605.40; best butcher bulls. premiums Were paid readily for choice

$4.25@4.75; bologna bulls, $325604; stock grain—fed stock. The most unpleasant

bulls, $3@4; cht milkers and springers, feature is the persistence

$500160: common to good do. $25@35. shecpmen in marketing thin, and half



The hog market ruled fairly active tO- fat flocks. By holding on to full maturity

day, With the bulk 01’ the ChOice quality such men would undoubtedly be able to

mixed and medium grades selling at $6.35 make good profits, notwithstanding the

@6-40, With a few decks of selected, run- dearness of corn, hay and other feed. As

ning t0 the heavier WBightS. at $6.45. the week advanced smaller offerings car-

Best quality and weight yorkers sold gen- ried prices up to the figures paid a week

erally from $6.25@6.30, and light yorkers earlier, lambs going at $4@6.25; yearlings

around $6@6.10. The bulk of the pigs at $4625.50; wethers at $3.50@4.10; ewes

sold around $5.90. Good kind of rough at $2@3.60 and bucks at $2.25@2.75.

sows sold generally from $5.65@5.70, and .

stags frm $4.50@5. Hogs are well clean-

ed up; market closing steady.



The sheep and lamb market was active

today; most of the choice lambs selliigg

for $6.25. Few selected Christmas lam s last decade has witnessed a decrease in

at? $6'35@6‘40‘ LOOk for about steady the number of calves produced in that

”1995 the balance 0f the W991" With “909' state from 428 000 in 1900 to 184000 in

”ate rece‘pts‘ If the rece‘l’ts “”1 light' 1910 while ihé population of the state

will sell higher. The sheep market was has'shown an increase of 20 per cent.

abOUt steady; mOSt, Of the, best ewes 5911‘ This decrease in the production of calves

mg from $3‘25@3'°0' “ ethers $3'75@4' is due to a belief that beef cattle grow-

Prospects about steady on sheep. 2 _ ing is not profitable on highspriced land,



We ““018“ Best lambs, $6'20@6' 5’ c_ull but Mr. Moss reports the opposite experi-

10 common (10., $569525; wethers $3'7°@ once when farmers carry on good breed-

4; bUCkSW “25.603; yearlings, 354-25695; ing ’generous feeding and early market-

handy ewes, $3.2:i@3.50; heavy ewes, $3.25 ing: He places great stress upon early

@3 35; cull sheep, $1'7.5@2'25; V8313! choice marketing and uses varied feed includ-

to extra, $9@9.25; fair to good do., $7.50 mg corn,’ clover hay, blue-grass, corn

@875; heavy calves, $3.50@5. stover and oil meal. He always uses sil-

age liberally, as well as other rough feed





 





 





LIVE STOCK NOTES.





Ralph Moss, of Indiana, says that the





Chicago. for his breeding stock.

December 11- 1911- Ray Gardner, of Warren county, west

Cattle. HOgS' Sheep. central Illinois, says four-fifths of the





Received today ...... 27,000 48,000 40,000 he s have b shi) e 1

Same day last year..35,893 35,934 44.233 ongaccounteglf1 thé ppgegglegfcghgf 1:51;:

lieceived last week..60,719 172,488 134,012 plague, and he adds that there will be a.

Same Week last year.79,231 146,862 100,289 Very limited nuxnber of brood SOWS in

The week starts off with a good demand the spring, so that the pig crop cannot

for fat €31”fo and .ChOICe IOtS are going be a very large one. Farmers thereabouts

at strong prices, with no large offerings. are doing very little cattle feeding, as

other kinds are fairly active at steady feed is 50;,ch and dear, hay bringing $20

prices. ‘ ' per ton, while corn grades poorly, good

llogs are fairly active today at an 6V" corn selling at high prices. A great deal

erage decline'of 50. With a good supplY. of shock fodder was spoiled and out early.

light lOlS gelng at $5-55@6-25 and the Recent reliable information states that

ch’C heavy 31$6-25@6-40- The hOgS mar- there are not more than half as many

keted last week averaged 213 lbs, com- lambs on feed around Fort Collins, 00].,

pared with 211 lbs. a week earlier, 203 as a year ago, corn ruling very high, and

lbs. a few weeks ago, 232 lbs. a year ago quoted at $1.25 per 100 lbs. for new and

and 218 lbs. two years ago. $1.45 for old. Hay, however. is cheaper?

Sheep and yearlings were active at than a year ago, being quoted at $18 per

steady prices today, but the best lambs ton.

_went at $6, with prime feeding lambs J. B, Harmon, a prominent farmer and

bringing $5.25. stock feeder of Missouri, marketed 're-

Cattle sold very much better last week cently at Chicago a consignment 0f 32

despite the rather large offerings, values Angus and Shorthorn steers which aver-

advancing steadily after Monday, on aged 1,461 lbs. at $8.85 per 100 lbs. These

which day the lots that were not attrac— cattle were past three—year~olds_ and

live sold at weak to lower figures.

in the week prices were 250 higher than owner. A load of hogs that followed the

a week earlier, with a particularly strong cattle were of his own raising and sold in

demand for prime beeves. In addition to the country for $6.10 per 100 lbs. Mr.

the. numerous fancy extra heavy and Harmon paid $4.50 per 100 lbs. for the

handy weights yearlings from the Inter- cattle in October, 1910, When they tipped

national Live Stock Exposition which had the scales at 1,000 lbs. They were roughed

a good sale, there were numerous choice through until February on corn fodder

lots that were intended for the show, but and hay. Then starting them on a small

were rejected by the “weeding commit- ration of corn and cottonseed meal. With

tee,” and these were sold in the regular clover and timothy hay mixed as rough-

market at high prices. A large share ness, they were taken off this feed about

of the steers crossed the scales at $5.75@ the fiI‘St 0f May and Full on pasture and

R, the poorer light weights going at $4.75 kept there until the first of August, when

5.75, while medium “warmed-up” steers they were DU’C on a ration of corn and

sold at $6fi76.90, good lots at $7627.90 and cottonseed meal, although they had ac-

choice to fancy steers at $8629.30. A CGSS to fine fall pasture.

1,540—lb. steer sold at $9.50, and 11 Angus Montana range cattlemen have made

steers that averaged 1,421 lbs. sold at many complaints 01’ the slow service ren-

.$9-75- Fat butcher stock had its share in dered by the railroads during the season

the advance, with a good demand for now closed, resulting in losses through

cows and heifers at $3.35@6.25, Whfle a shrinkages in numerous instances of 30

few prime heifers brought $6.50@7.10. to 50 lbs. per head. They are urging the

Canners sold at $1.75@2.75, cutters at need of a federal law making a speed—

$2.80@3.30, bulls at $3@5.75 and calves at llmlt for the plains and another for the

“(($3.50 There was a much larger de— mountains. In a comparatively recent

mand for stockers and feeders than of instance a Montana cattle shipper spent

late, as many visitors to the stock show mne days in getting a single car of cat-

came prepared to take home some good “8 through from Glendive to ChicagO.

cattle to fatten, and prices averaged 10@ and he had to unload them four times,

25c higher, stockers selling at $310635 and Whereas under normal conditions they

feeders at $4.35@5.75, While stock and would have been unloaded at most but

feeding heifers brought $3@4_ Milkers twice. Weather conditions were perfect,

and springers sold more freely at $30@70 and the poor railroad equipment was the

per head, the demand running mainly sole cause of the delays. The cattle

on a good class of cows, and inferior ones shrank heavily, causing a large financial

usually went to killers for canning pur- loss.

poses. Now that the International show





light supplies of prime steers may be immediate future. the greater part going





expected. to Fort Worth, Texas.‘ Shipmentswill be

Hogs were marketed last week much made of about 10.000 calves.





l





sh own by .





Late they all made substantial profits for their





. It is learned that Mexico will ship.

is over and the cream of beeves marketed 150.000 cattle to the United States in the =
13130.16, 1911.

THIs'is THE LAST EDITION.





In the first edition the Detroit Live,





stock markets are reports or last week;

all other markets are right up to date.

Thursday's Detroit Live Stock markets

are given in the last edition. The first

edition is mailed Thursday, the last edi-

tion Friday morning. ‘The first edition is

mailed to those who care more to get the

paper early than they do for Thursday‘s

Detroit Live Stock market report. You

may have any edition desired. Subscrib-

ers may change from one edition to an-

other by dropping us a card to that effect.





DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS.

Thursday's Market.





 





 





December 14, 1911.

Cattle.

Receipts, 1,086. Good grades steady;





bulls dull and 10@15c lower; caiiners

steady; other cow stuff 25c lower.



W'e quote: Best steers and heifers, $6

@660; steers and heifers, 1,000 to 1,260,

$4.75@6; do. 800 to 1,000, “@115; do. that

are fat, 500 to 700, $3.25cv4; choice fat

cows, $4; good do. $3.25@3.75; common

cows, $2.75@3; canners, 315000260; choice

heavy bulls, $3.75@4; fair to good bolog-

nas, bulls, $3.25@3.50; stock bulls, $2.50kd)

3; choice feeding steers, 800 to 1,000, $4.25





@450; fair do., 800 to 1,000, $3.75@4;

choice stockers, 500 to 700, $3.50@3.75;

fair stockers, 500 to 700, $3@3.25; stock





heifers, $2.50@3.25; milkers, large, young,

medium age, $404055; common milkers,

$200135.



Spicer & R. sold Bresnahan 9 canners

av 730 at $2.50, 1 do weighing 900 at $2.50;

to Breitenbeck 6 steers av 905 at $5, 1 do

weighing 700 at $4, 30 butchers av 800 at

$4.25; to Roy 4 steers av 1,075 at $6.60,

1 do weighing 960 at $5.40; to Parker, W.

& U0. 3 cows av 997 at $3; to Lachait 12

butchers av 690 at $4.35; to Boy 4 steers

av 712 at $4.35; to Goose 2 bulls av 790

at $3.40; to Bresnahan 2 canners av 890

at $2.50, 3 do av 826 at $2.50, 4 cows av

940 at $3.20, 1 canner weighing 880 at

$2.50, 6 cows av 1,021 at $3.25, 1 do

weighing 950 at $2.75; to Kamman 14

butchers av 823 at $4, 4 do av 730 at $4.



Roe Com Co.‘sold Bresnahan 11 butch-



ers av 751 at $4, 3 cows av 1,007 at $2.75,

6 do av 1,141 at $3.40, 2 do av 785 at

$2.75; to Mohr 9 stockers av 503 at $3; to

Mich. B. Co. 1 bull weighing 1,140 at

$3.75; to Hammond, S. & Co. 3 butchers

av 500 at $2.75, to Bresnahan 4 canners

av 955 at $2.75, 5 do av 856 at $2.50, 6 do

av 911 at $2.75; to Sullivan P. Co. 18

steers av 954 at $5.50; to Newton B. Co.

19 do av 977 at $5, 2 do av 840 at $4; to

Kamman B. Co. 3 do av 1,133 at $6.50, 5

butchersav 672 at $3.75.

‘ Haley & M. sold Demans 1 bull weigh-

ing 740 at $3.40; to Breitenbeck 9 butch-

ers av 736 at $4.10, 2 cows av 970 at $3.35;

to Bresnahan 2 canners av 865 at $2.50,

4 do av 990 at $2.75; to Newton B. Co. 2

steers av 875 at $4.75; to Kamman 7

butchers av 663 at $3.55; to Hammond, s.

& Co. 6 do av 736 at $5, 9 do av 1,044 at

$3.75, 4 do av 650 at $3.25.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Bresnahan 3 cows

av 833 at $2.60, 1 bull weighing 1,150 at

$4, 1 canner weighing 840 at $2.50, 4 do

av 810 at $2.50; to Newton B. Co. 2 Steers

av 835 at $4.75, 5 cows av 920 at $3.75; to

Parker, W. & Co. 15 butchers av 700 at

$4.25, 7 do av 743 at $4.25, 4 cows av 992

at $3; to Goose 3 bulls av 800 at $3.50, 1

do weighing 1,180 at $4; to Rattkowsky

3 cows av 893 at $3, 1 bull weighing 1,060

at $3.50; to Archdale 2 steers av 1,900 at

$6, 3 cows av 980 at $3, 6 do av 863 at

$2.60, 5 do av 952 at $2.60, 5 do av 908 at

$2.75; to Rattkowsky 5 butchers av 604

at $3, 2 cows av 1,000 at $3.50; to Sullivan

P. Co. 1 bull weighing 1,750 at $4, 1 do

weighing 1,500 at $4; to Goose 7 cows av

1,014 at $3.10, 2 do av 1,135 at $3.40; to

Newton B. Co. 9 butchers av 736 at $4.25;

to Bresnahan 4 canners av 820 at $2.50,

3 cows av 960 at $2.50, 4 do av 895 at

$2.75, 2 bulls av 1,050 at $3.25, 4 cows av

1,015 at $3.75; to Newton B. Co. 2 steers

av 660 at $4, 5 do av 856 at $5, 6 do av

828 at $5, 7 do av 807 at $5. 2 do av 675

at $4, 5 do av 1,200 at $6, 6 do av 1,050

at $4.75; to Sullival P. Co. 2 do av 980

at $6.35.



Stephens sold Sullivan P. Co. 5 cows

and heifers av 840 at $3.75, 2 canners av

895 at $2.50. .



Adams sold Parker, W. & Co. 3 cows

av 916 at $2.50.



Weeks sold same 1 steer weighing 1,160

at $6.50.



Adams sold Bush 3 feeders av 740 at $4.



Bennett & S. sold Marx 2 steers av 990

at $5.25, 1 do weighing 900 at $5.



Belheimer sold Bresnahan 8 cows av

966 at $2.90.



Veal Calves.



Receipts, 486. Market steady at last

week's prices. Best, $8@8.75; others, $4@

7.50; milch cows and springers steady.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Parker, W'.'& CO.

11 av 140 at $8.50, 2 av 190 at $6.50, 1

weighing 120 at $8.50. 1 weighing 130 at

$8, 1 weighing 260 at $4, 3 av 126 at $7.50,

4 av 150 at $8.50, 3 av 140 at $8.50, 1

weighing 130 at $8.50, 8 av 150 at $8.50.



Spicer & R. sold Thompson Bros. 7 av

145 at $8, 2 av 130 at $7.75.



Roe Com. Co. sold Newton B. Co. 3

av 170 at $8.50, 1 weighing 150 at $7.



Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts, 4,224. Market 250 higher than

last week. Best lambs, $5.75@6; fair to

good lambs, $5695.50; light to common

lambs $3.25@3.75; fair to good sheep,

$2 506773.15; culls and common, $1.50@2.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Nagle P. Co. 94

lambs av 68 at $5.50, 153 do av 65 at $5.50,

15 do av 78 at $5.75, 34.do av 75 at $5, 33

do av 70 at $5.50, 63 do av 82 at $5.50; to

Youngs 28 sheep av 102 at $2.75; to Sul-

livan P. Co. 30 lambs av 60 at $5.35; to

Breitenbeck 52 do av 63 at $5; to Parker,

W. & Co. 15 sheep av 100 at $2.50, 6 do

av 85 at $2.50; to Harland 10 do av 113 at

$3, 15 lambs av 65 at $5; to Hayes 38‘ do

av 47 at $3.50; to Fitzpatrick Bros. 10

sheep av 112 at $3.15, 30 lambs av 55 at

$4, 20 sheep av 85 at $3.15, 6 do av 100 at

$3.15, 15 do av 90 at 82, 17 do av 110 at

$3.15, 37 do av 85 at $3.15, 4 do av 80 at

$2, 25 lambs av 55 at $5.





 

 





Stephens sold Young 16 sheep av 83 at

$2, 98 lambs av 85 at $5.75.



Adams sold same 34 do av 75 at $5.65.



Vv'eeks Bros. sold Bray 17 lambs av 70

at $3.50, 138 do av 75 at $5.75.



Newton sold Hammond, S. & Co. 74

lambs av 70 at $5.50, 9 sheep av 95 at

$2.50. '



Roe Com. Co. sold Sullivan P. Co. 84

lambs av 70 at $5.50, 123 do av 77 at $5.75,

26 sheep av 80 at $3; to Nagle P. Co. 31

do av 92 at $2.50, 19 do av 75 at $2.75; to

Bray 83 lambs av 65 at $5.25.



Haley & ~M. sold Sullivan P. Co. 14

lambs av 66 at $5; to Nagle P. Co. 86 do

av 60 at $5.35; to Bray 58 do av 64 at

$4.50, 30 sheep av 75 at $2.50, 19 do av

80 at $2.50.



Spicer & R. sold Bray 8 lambs av 62 at

$3, 24 do av 70 at. $5.75; to Sullivan P. Co.

8 do av 55 at $3.50, 39 do av 55 at $5; to

Thompson Bros. 24 sheep av 70 at $2.50,

30 lambs av 70 at $5.50; to Sullivan P. Co.

7 sheep av 100 at $2.50, 17 lambs av 50

at $3, 109 do av 60 at $4.75, 58 do av 73

at'$5.90, 72 do av 75 at $5.90; to Mich. B.

Co. 8 sheep av 92 at $3.25; to Nagle P.

Co. 206 lambs av 72 at $5.75; to Barlage

28 do av 50 at $4, 41 do av 48 at $3.75, 12

(10 av 40 at $3.37.



Hogs.



Receipts, 4,606. Market steady at Wed-

nesday’s prices. Pigs 25c higher, others

10@15c higher than last week; none sold

up to noon.



Range of prices: Light to good butch—

ers, $6.10@6.15; pigs, $5.60@5.75; light

yorkers, $6686.10.





Spicer & R. sold Hammond, S. & Co.

830 av 190 at $6.15, 150 av 180 at $6.10, 155

av 160 at $6.



Haley & M, sold same 190 av 210 at

$6.20, 420 av 190 at $6.15, 130 av 165 at,$6.



Roe Com. Co. sold Sullivan P. Co. 275

av 200 at $6.15, 225 av 180 at $6.10, 140

av 170 at $6, 54 av 160 at‘ $5.90, 29 pigs

av 100 at $5.60.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Parker, W. & Co.

1,520 av 190 at $6.15, 1,025 av 170 at $6.10,

157 av 150 at $6.





Friday’s Market.

December 8, 1911.

Cattle.





Receipts this week, 2,389; last week,

1,416. Good grades steady; all others 15(0)

25c lower.



We quote: Best steers and heifers, $5.75

@650; steers and heifers, 1,000 to 1,200,

352567550; do. 800 to 1,000, 34.25605; do.

that are fat, 500 to 700, $3.25@3.75; choice





 





 





fat cows, $4614.25; good fat cows. $3.25@

3.65; common cows, $2.75@3; canners,

$1.50@2.50; choice heavy bulls, $4004.50;





fair to good. bologna bulls, $3.50@3.75;

stock bulls, $2.50@3; choice feeding steers

300 to 1,000, $4.50@5; fair do., 800 to 1.000

$3.75@4.25; choice stockers, 500 to 700,

$350624; fair stockers, 500 to 700, $3673.25;

stock heifers, 82.506113; milkers, large,

young, medium age. $40@55; common

milkers, $25@35.

Veal Calves.



Receipts this week, 1,209; last week,

766. Good steady, common 50c@$1 lower.

Best, $8@8.50; others, 335060750.



Sheep and L



Receipts this week, 11, 8;\_la week,

4,327. Market, 1560200 lower tlj‘ Thurs-

day on lambs. Sheep steady. {Best lambs

$5.50@5.60; fair lambs, $4.7 @525; light

to common lambs, $3.50 . ., yearlings,

$3.25@3.50; fair to good sheep, $3@3.25;

culls and common, $1.50@2.50.



Hogs.



Receipts this week, 14,043; last week,

10,933. Good steady at Thursday’s prices;

light grades 50 lower and dull.



Range of prices: Light to good butch-

ers, $6@6.10; pigs, $5.25@5.40; light work-

ers, $5.75@6; stags one-third off.





 





Frank Scott, manager Of Clay, Robin-

son & Company's South Omaha live stock

commission house, says: ”Present con-

ditions remind one somewhat of the early

winter of 1908-1909. There is possibly a

greater supply of pigs at hand and corn

is around 10c per bushel higher. There

was a marked tendency then, as now, to

sell hogs at light weight, a desire to cur-

tail the board bill. November average

cost of hogs on the market was around

$5.75, the December about $5.45. In Jan-

uary the price rose to $5.90 and there-

after until September there was a steady

rise until the front figure became $8.

Throughout that winter season light

weights predominated and heavy hogs

commanded a premium. We look for

much the same development this winter.

Hogs weighing 250 lbs. and upward, if

fat, need selling, but the grower who has

the stamina to mature pigs and shotes

will, we feel confident, be reasonably well

rewarded."



In the Chicago market of late light-

weight stocker cattle have been selling so

slowly to stockmen that their owners

have been selling them to the packers

for cannery purposes, largely at $3@3.50

per 100 lbs. No large numbers of stock-

ers averaging in weight under 700 lbs.

have sold' higher than $4.50 of late. but

not long since two car loads of fancy se—

lected calvos that aVeraged 533 lbs,

mostly Angus, with a few breedy Here-

fords and Shorthorns, were sold at $5.50.



C. W. Bay, a prominent live stock ship-

per of W'isconsin, showed up at the Chi-

cago stock yards recently on the way to

Georgia, where he is interested in ranch—

ing. He said the development of south-

eastern Georgia has been marvelous in

recent years, where thousands of cattle

are being grazed. some of the ranchmen

feeding corn. New York and Pittsburgh

are the principal markets for this Georgia

beef, and the railroads furnish shippers

fast train service at such times as live

stock specials are loaded for the north-

ern markets. Most of the cattle are sold

on contract at the ranches, to be deliv-

ered to the northern slaughterers. Mr.

Ray said improved farms sell as high as

$200 to $300 an acre in that region, but

unimproved grazing land can be purchas-

ed as low as $20 to $35 an acre, and

northern capital has been heavily invest-

ed there in recent years. -





THE " MICHIGAN FARMER.





Quick-For





Big P r 0 fit 5

THE MISSISSIPPI VALLEY





Land enriched by centuries of river do site

—ofiers you the greatest opportunity to ay to

establish yourself where values are .l

ginning to rise macros. now in cultivation

—only 60 miles from Memphis (pop. ,

which furnishes fine market for mil , butter,

eggs, poultry, truck. Would make ideal dau-

or stock f Ten tenant houses. wit.

stables on the glare. _Four miles from Jones-

town, Mine. est kind of neighborI—good

sohools—arteeian water-on good public road.





~Rents for $6 an Acre

Buy It for $35 an Easy Terms





 

 

 

 

   

 





 

 





 





WE. OWN many other forms in Mississippi

Louisiana and Arkansas, some being on the market

for the first time because their former owners _fear

the advent of the boil weevil. Tell us what on

want—we probably have it. For information

garding our reputation ask any bank, or busines-

man in Memphis.



Barney 61 Hines, 1110., Owners.





1339 Cent'l BK. Bdgn Memphis,Tenn.

FOR INFORMATION AS TO LANDS IN





' The Nation’s

Garden Spot-





’l‘llA'l‘ cm! nun AND raven

GROWING sacnon—

along the





Atlantic Coast Line

RAILROAD "





In Virginia, North and South Carolina,

Georgia, Alabama and Florida, write to

WILBUR McCOY E. N. CLARK,

A. a I. Agt. for Florida, A. a I.Agt. lei-Virginia

Ala and the Carolinas,





bama, Georgia,

Jacksonville, Fla. Wilmington, N. C.





FLORIDA FARM SACRIFICE





To close estate at once I must sacrifice beautiful

26-acre Florida home, 6-roomlcottage, modern improve-

ments. Barn, outhouses, all necessary live stock.



oultr)’, machinery and equiqment. Will yield over

$4000 a your if flroperiy cared for. Price com lete

31500. Terms 8.’ cash: $25 quarterly, if desire by

responsible party. Possession March 1.





Owner, core of A. Jordon, (Hidden, Wisconsin.





Farm, Bul Do ll Right.





Get 3 or 4 crops annually instead of one.





$600 and more per acre from one crop

of fancy winter vegetables.





$45 and more per acre from one crop

of Com between April 6: September.





This is being done at Sanford, Florida. Own

Howard-Packard Land Co’s 7 per cent Preferred

Stock and participate in these advantages. En-

ables you to own land if you prefer. Write today.





American Corporation for Investors,

Local Agents Wanted. 71 Broadway, New York City.





Sunny Tennessee!





That section of Tennessee and Alabama traveled by the

Nashville, Chattanooga & St. Louis Railway is rich in natu-

ral resources, and its climatic conditions and the fertility

of its soils offer unexcclled opportunities for the profitable



reduction of gruins.grasses,livoatock and truck crops. Fer-

3|- ud attr-etim Inna landn my be had at very low prices.





WRITE me at once for FR EE

Descriptive Literature. (9)

II. F. SMITH, Traffic Man, Dept. F, NashvilleJenn.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





10,000 High

Li ts Saved





   

 

 

 





Easy work for you, light draft for horses. The

one unbreakable, low—down handy wagon. Steel

wheels, all heights and tire widths. Save rutting.

Sand for free book on labor saving farm hauling.





“tonic man. 00.. lo: ‘35.. cum. III.





We Want HAY8I STRAW





. We get the top price on Consignments, make

liberal advancements and prompt remittances.





Daniel McCallrcy’s Sons 00.





PITTSBURG, PA.

More!!!» Washington Trust Company, or any bank in city





"‘""’“ TOP PRICES FOR E668

Pay



We want nothing but fresh. select stock.



Must be direct from first hands. Hucksters' and



oollectors‘ shipments not solicited We supply you



with shipping cases. We pay all charges.



W. H. THOMAS & 00.. 421 Woodland Ave., CLEVELAND, OHIO





   





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 





. (23) 547





IIIIMS IIIn FIRM Linn?

Hill SALE on Excniiai





AMOUSIWestQMichigan Fruit belt farm for Iale,Newaygo Co.

80 acres, best of land, fine modern :buildlngs, fine water

system, woven wire fences, cement tiling, good orchard, lg

mileto town, a bargain. E. I". Winemiller, R. 2. Hesperiallliich.





 





 





Money-Making Farms





throu hout 15 states; improved one to 1000 acres. '810

to $1 an acre. Stock and tools Included With many.

to settle estates guickly. Mammoth illustrated Cata-

logue ”No. 34 " roe. E. STROUT, Station 101,

Union Bank Bldg, Pittsburgh.





9

ANDERSDN COUNTY S BEST

—Must sell at once. Near good town.

Five Farms Terms to suit. 600d house, all con-

veniences. such as bath, hot aha) cold water. natural





to. P I , 875.“) to $136. .

WEEERLich 3. W. 00.. Garnett. Kas.





' ' ' —20.00() acres fine

Chaice Michigan Lands unimprovedlands,

also some in roved farms in Gladwin and Clare

counties. Wr to us for maps and folders.



A. J. STEVENS & 00.. Gladwln. Michigan.

Mlc an at from





WHY PAY HEN .. m...





near Saginaw and Bay City. Write for ma and par-

ticulars. Clear title and easyterme. St eld Bros"

(owners) 15 Merrill Bldg , Saginaw. W. S. Michigan.





when you can buy

the Best Land In





llear comell University.

“0 Acres, Fully Equipped, $l500 flash.





You can send your boy to Cornell, one of the world’s

famous educational institutions. and still} keep him

home with you; and the home. this ngnd‘d farm will

pay the char es. and support you an the other mem-

bers of your amily and add something besides to the

nest egg every year; acres level fields, acres

brook-watered pasture and 10 acres wood: at crops

of grain. hay, tatoee. eton lots of in t; Ill-room

house. modern -foot barn, 50-ft. we on house, other

outbuildings; house and barns supp led With spring

water; owner's other businea forces quick change

and he throws in two horses, four cows. homes.

wagons and tools; everything only $4500, 815(1) cash,

balance, easy terms. Bee photograph of fine modern

buildings, further details and'traveling directionato

see this and other money-making farms, full nip-

ped. close to all advan ee,.page 13 Strout 5 arm

Catalo e 34. cosy free. tation 101. E. A. STROUT,

Union ank BI 13., Pittsburgh, Pa.





In Lewislun Orchards, Idaho,





the principal a pies grown are the Spltzenburg,

Yellow Newton. onathan,Rome Beauty and Winesap.

These apples produce ample returns for the grow-

ere' time and investment. givxng him pleasurable work

in a delightful; climate; abundant pure mountain

water. under pressure. on every tract for irrigation

and domestic use; cultured and refined people are his

neighbors. who enioy the life. Write me for booklet

about “Lewiston Orchards." Address

ARTHUR F. LEWIS,

“Apple Orchard Man," SAGINAW, W. 8.. MIOH.





BANADIAN FARMS





Do you want a farm in Western Canada

where the crops this year are in advance of

anything grown on this continent? For

wheat-growing, dairying, mixed farming

and cattle-raising, the Province of Alberta is

unsurpassed.



Lands are now offered by the CANADIAN

PACIFIC RAILWAY COMPANY at prices



, ranging from





$10 to $30 an Acre on Long

Terms of Payment or on

the Crop Payment Plan





—that is, paying for your farm with a portion of

your crops each year.

Land values have increased 90% In two ears.

Great opportunities for the Homeeeeker all or

write for full particulars, booklets, maps, etc.





1.". THORNTON, General Agent

Canadian Pacific Runway. Albert- Land Dept.

112 West Adam. St" CHICAGO, ILL





 





 





 





 





 





THE NEW YORK WORLD





(Three 3 Week.)





.1. The Michigan Farmer

Both One Year $1.65





for Only - -

You get practically a New York daily and the





best farm paper at an extremely low rate. Send

all orders to





THE MICHIGAN FARMER, Detroit.





IlarII Rubber Teal Plugs





 





For hard-milking cows or leaky teats.

Prevents leakage where teat opening is

relaxed and cures hard milking where

due to an obstruction in the canal. Our

price 35c each, or $1.00 for a. set of four.

Send orders to





 





THE MIGHIGMINFARMER, Detroit, Mich.





 





2-—





 

 





" led Seed





Potatoes, etc. We can





paiseSEEDSZIi (luniarm





"’and sell direct to the planters at wholesale prices.‘ We

‘- raise Vegetable Seeds of highest quality, carefully select-

COrn, and other farm seeds,





er prices than city seedm en.

Ask for wholesale price list also if you grow for market.

JOSEPH HARRIS 00.. Box 56. Goldwater. N. Y.





 

 





high-grade Seed

supply better seeds at low—

Catalog free.





 





Write us to ay and we





name and ad





Niagara g





 





 





MAKERS or '





antoed In every jeweler In the coun .



' mac... 534 Main 56.3.3.1,» N. Y. ® OCT.

RING OF QUALITY

Our Ringo kept in repair lace no matterwhat happens to





figsouo GOLDaDRlNG $5.1...





a u‘thatone (diamond except





. Gama

for $2.00. AR. Bloodsm





. ship same to you through an APRE-Diamond'

Jeweler in your town. You pay the $2.00 to him after thorough MAY — Emerald

manor: of the ring which is worth double the amount we JUNE -— Pearl

ask for it. Givens name of stone wanted, size of finger and JULY — Ruby

ofyour yeweler. Quality guar- rump", m AUG.-- yx



SEPT.— Sapphire





“OI. RING





u
”NV“ .. ,





. “ «mm.





, Eur-v ‘





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





. Want 20, 000 More ’

Farmers To Knew How mi

20 000 Other Farmers .-

Have Made $100."0 for Every ‘

$1.00 by Pulling Stumps from

Their Virgin Land With the





HERCULE llh‘litl

STUMP FULLER





Mail me the coupon in the lower right-hand corner of this page,

or just a postal card, for my free book, which tells you all the remarkable facts

about the profits made by men who own Hercules Stump Pullers. I want to tell

you why the Hercules pulls the biggest stumps in less than five minutes. I want you

to know why its‘ all-steel {construction means 60% less weight and 400% more strength \





than any cast-iron puller or any “semi- -steel” puller. . ' ' . _

And not only will the Hercules pull any size stump but any green tree or hedge. I want i



to tell you about the method of changing the Hercules from a single to double or triple power ‘



at a big price. 1‘





 





 





 





in a jiffy. I Want you to note the double safety ratchets, which insure the safety of you and the

1 am. And best of all I want you to know from facts and figures that I show you, how you can

11 ansform forty acres of stumps which yield you nothing into increased value of land and crops,



which amount to $1281. 00the first year and “”4750. 00 in crops every year after, and I want you

to know how some farmers who own Hercules Stump Pullers are doing contract stump pulling

for their neighbors and friends at a fine profit and others who are renting their machines ”w





I want to tell you the many advantages of Hercules construction—single,

double or triple power, low-down construction, self- anchoring, double safety

ratchets, acr urate machining and turning. I want to show you letters and

photographs customer- fiiends of mine have sent to me, showing what

B. A. FULLER, President their Hercules is doing and the money it is making.





-



Let Me Mall You 3- Year Guarantee



. If an casting of our Hercules All- Steel Triple

m Flue Free Bock Power Stiimp Puller hreaks, any time within three

years, wlzeflzer the fault zs yours or 1716 mac/2271595, I

Vv'rite me for my book—note my special price offer. will absolutely replace any such part free of all cost to

Then I will gladly send you my Hercules on you. There are no conditions to this gu uarantee whatever.

Any casting 1:11“; be rgplacedlpioinlptly, f111/hether dice

- machine brea s y aCCl cut or t 1roug 1 any aw in wor -

30 Days, Free Trlal manship or material. Let me say right here, however,

‘ every Hercules 15 tested to terrific strain before it even

If, at the end of that time, the Hercules isn’t every- leaves the factory so as to guard against any machines be-

thing I have said it is, I want you to send it right back to ing returned or any parts being returned due to breakage.





me, and I ll see that you get every cent ofyour moneyback -

promptly. '1 housands and thousands of farmers have s ecia, Pr'ce Offer $31ghzifggrteg?y1%::lii?ieesafgngfnflizgigh":

ordered on this plan and so far less than one out Of p special price offer thisyear that' is bound

a thousand have been returned. Besides m thirty- to gain the attention and get hundreds and hundreds of orders from farmers everywhere.

day free trlal offer, I absolutely give YOU the ollowmg I want you to get in on this bargain at once. Five thousand of these machines won’t last

3-year guarantee. long at the price I am making. If you write me at once on the coupon below or on a postal I will

reserve one of these machines until I hear from you Whether

or not you are going to buy. Understand,your 1equest for

f r / my book is not an order. 1 simply want to get the book to you at once.

‘ 1 . 1‘ 1 so that you can read the remarkable facts about the Hercules All- Steel





Triple Power Stump Puller and how it does such splendid work making





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 





or





1 l; 1 big profits for owners everywhere Mail me the coupon or the

‘ $15 13/, J postal right now before you forget, or take down the name and

, " J" ’2‘ J address and write it as soon as you get a portal card. Address

, 'l #5, "g”, r _“-'/ me personally. .





“‘41; 3.x: "





E: v, ”ll/S- ‘1





B. A. F ULLER, Presldonf





HERCULES MFG. 00.





 

 

 





A





O





 

 





 





 





i If: M’— .. 437 Scranto3nl? 81.”, l /

.‘ ' . fl' 11 __ .n .'v o. on

I’ — I/ ‘ ;___._.— ;;1 1

:- 41/1371} ‘1 111—F1111 11111111 1111111 111W ’





 





“J4;





._« u 1.1%? “13*“; :21; fig? . Lu; 1.1 '31,», g.“ _ -7 , ‘/



m WWI... a} ‘ DO: t p, ‘ Rush

32? 11 Wa ,

M‘ .1/ coupon





0s ' HERGULES MFG. ea.

437chentunth Strut - Cantervilla, Iowa

’Dear Mr. Fuller:





c-d

w





 

 

 

 





1





\1‘ 1

({IJ‘lll‘HlI‘7llllHHJ‘ /~





- rig

1‘1.

5”“ Vi?" will

115$ /

, ‘y, L 2 § :

(/1111 if .





l.‘\“_‘u~.v‘,7‘,.\ ‘ 3%;

rill-11'.“ lW‘





 





=I—I—l—I—l-





 





" '61:“



/ %;1\l\\‘\\ \ " .



o 517%“ 1\\\ Mail me your free book and special



a 151' , .price offer. I want to know all the facts



. Ma ’about the Hercules All Steel Triple Power



L" 111' f , Stump Puller. ' )



Will" ‘ coupon Name ___________________ _ .................... -_--....- ‘

0119 - . ' > ' ' . ~ ’ ‘

v‘ “205‘ "CW ’ Address------;-__-- ...... --_'-___-..State--_- ---....-- ......



.W‘ 7' K , - ‘1 ,



Kill} _-i°‘ R. F. D_-_-- _______ __-__-__,--_--_-_-_---_.'..,-_----------------





I am using the great Hercules Triple cleared off more, but could not get the quite a reasonable estimate of the bene- acres; it takes out the roots and all.- The

Power Steel Puller. It is a complete and time. I pulled one prize stump that had fit it has been to me in the past 45 days. machine is just as geod as when we' :ejim—

strong machine. We are pulling white the largest roots I ever saw on any stump. I have positive reliable proof that I pulled menced. This machine is very 'simple

pine trees and stumps and they have One root 20 inches at stu‘mp 20 feet long. 60 dead pine stumps, averaging eight and handy,- and ‘beats dynamite all to

roots 15 and 18 feétlong, and we do not four inches in diameter at small end, inches in diameter within two hours. As pieces for cheapness. To have cleared

think it can be beat ——W. J. Booches, and four more roots that were 12-16 in. you see. that was two minutes to each my land with dynamite would have cost 1

Bris't01 Tenn in diameter at stump. The roots of this stumprand l was operating at‘that'time me about $600 but instead of We .{





 





 





I h l a ed th stum 5 off 12 acres stump made half a cord of wood with- with three hands This is much more simply used our spare time, and lumps . .‘4‘

this :gr‘ingepfiilled 5611] I hiliehed to; have out the stump ——L. M. Kyzer, Lexington, than is needed for reasonable speed:——— are out, roots and all. Our stumps are .

not had a break of any kind and did the S. C. Rev. J. E Carswell Blythe, Ga. white oak, large center, tap.ronted. We .

work with two hands and two mules. Your outfit for pulling stumps has no I have a Hercules Triple Steel and it think sometimes they come 11:01:: China. .





It I had had more time, could have equal. Five hundred dollars ($500) is gives entire satisfaction. We cleared 24 —J. K. Detwilier, Bristol

. ~- ,, . j 1





I