The Only Weekly Agricultural, Horticultural, and Live Sto9§ Journal in the State. VOL. CXXXVIII. No. 9.; Whole Number 3589. _ DETROIT. MICH., SATURDAY. MARCH 2. l3: $1.00 A YEAR. $2.75 5 YEARS. SELECTING SEED GRAIN ON TH“ HE average cost of producing a grain crop, as shown by statistics carefully gathered for six years on twenty—five Minnesota farms, is, in- cluding land rent, $8.10 per acre. Of this cost 93 cents was for seed and 1,36 for plowing and preparing the seed bed. These two items, seed and soil prepara- tion, arethe two operations which have most to do with the yields. Either poor seed or poor soil preparation may result in crop failure, or a very poor crop; while good seed and good soil preparation make possible the very best kind of a. crop. The total cost of these two items is but little more than one-fourth of the total cost of the crop, yet in these two operations man’s greatest influence. and practically his only influence is exerted. The two operations are charged with great potentialities in regulatingthe pros— pective crop and on this account are wor- thy of the most careful study. What Is Good Seed? The subject of this article, “Good Seed,” is one of especial timeliness be- tween now andseeding time. The term “good seed" may convey/“different ideas to different people. To the practical farm- er, howevcr. good seed means clean, pure. strong seed capable of germinating and producing a maximum crop of good qual- ity. Plant breeders and seedsmen have done much to develop strains or varieties of seeds, of good quality and large pro- ductive, power; and these seeds have done much to improve the yield and quality of the common field crops. Seed Adapted to Conditions. Experiments in getting seed from one locality, to sow in another locality, have very, often proven unsatisfactory at the outset. This seems to be due to the fact that plants become adapted to the con- ditions under which they are grown; and that, other things being equal, they do better after they have become acclimated than when first introduced, The law of the “Survival of the Fittcst” is well known to all, and it is but natural to'expect that when a great many indi- vidual kernels of grain are sown in a fieldysome of them will prove better adapted to the peculiar conditions 0f soil and climate than will others. This being true, the kernels adapted to the local conditions will have -a more perfect growth and will mature better seed than Run of Oat Crop, Weighing 30 lbs. per bu. the other kernels. It is likewise reason- able to expect that if kernels are selected and planted each year from plants that have shown their adaptability to local conditions by producing perfect plants and seeds, some improvement will result. ”Plant Breeding. The above is exactly what the plant breeder does. He plants a large number of kernels of some variety of grain that he is trying to improve, in soil as nearly uniform as he can make it, then at har- vest time he selects such plants as have actually been able to produce the largest yields of the best quality and in this way as in the individual animals in a bunch of cattle or hogs. 1We have become ac- customed to selecting the best animals produced on the farm, and keeping them for breeding purposes, while, very little attention has been given to selecting the best kernels of grain grown for seed. This is but natural, since the animals are large and noticeable, while kernels of cereal crops are small and are seldom considered as having any individuality but rather as the insignificant units which make up bushels or bins of grain. Results From Selecting Seed Grain. Extensive experiments have been made Light Oats (7.5 lbs.), Chaff (7.5 lbs.), Seed (5.5 lbs.), Market Grain (34.8 lbs.), Graded from 50 lbs. he is able to breed varieties of high yield and of good quality. What the plant-breeder does by his careful, painstaking study of individual plants, the farmer may do to a limited extent, by carefully selecting the best kernels of seed from any crop produced on his farm. Individuality of Kernels of Grain. A few moments study of a handful of grain, spread on a sheet of white paper. will convince the most skeptical that there is quite as much variation in the individual kernels composing the handful Seed Oats, Weighing 38 lbs. per bu. at experimcnt stations to determine the relative yielding power of heavy and light— weight kcruels: and the universal result. has been a decided increase in yield where the heavy, plump seed is sown. A. cow in good condition will give birth to a stronger calf. and will give more milk to nourish it, than will a cow in a poor and weak condition. Correspond— inng a plump, heavy kernel of grain Will produce a stronger plant and nourish it better than will a shrunken, light kernel The following results attest: the above tact: At the Nebraska experiment sta- Market Oats, Weighing 34 lbs. per bu. a ARM. tion some Turkey Red winter wheat was graded and the heavy and light seed sown separately on adjoining plots. The average yields in two years were 29.4 bushels per acre from heavy sced, and 24.8 bushels per acre from the light seed: a gain of 4.6 bushels in favor of the heavy seed. A similar experiment with heavy and light—weight outs of the same variety, gave an increase of 01;. bushels per acre in favor of the hravy seed Similar experiments conducted for a long series of years at the Ontario experiment station, at Guelph, show Vcry marked in— creases in yield from heavy—weight seed of oats, barley and wheat, Cleaning and Grading Grain. It is manifestly impracticable to select, on the farm. either individual plants or 'individual kernels of grain, unless some rapid, easy way is provided to do it by machinery. The. modern fanning mill, or seed (‘l(1lllt‘l‘ and grader. it‘ properly op- erated at the right time. wi.l make a Vcry satisfactory sclection of grain. The prac— tice of waiting until ncur seeding time to clean and grade grain is not usually ad— visable, because it generally results in so reducing the available stock of grain that there. is but little to select from. On the other hand, if the selecting of seed grain is done earlier in the. season. or while there is still plenty of grain :ivz'tilablc, a much more thorough selection is possible. Select Only a Small Per Cent for Seed. if a grower producing 1,000 bushels of grain needs 100 bushels for seed and can select the, best 100 bushels out of the 1.000 bushels i1 is evident that he will get pretty choice Hr‘t'tl. By using a modern fanning mill or sccd cleaner and gradcr, l00 bushels of lliw heaviest and pluinpcs! seed may be silwicd from either 200 bushels or 1,000 bushcls and good sced secured, and secured at a cost so low, as to make lhc use of poor seed seem ridiculous. But thc advantage in quality will undoubtedly be with the lot selected frm the 1,000 bushels. With a good mill, two men can run through, by this process, at least 300 bushels of grain per day. If ten per cent of the best of this is graded out for seed, 30 bushcls of seed will be secured for the day’s work. it” their time is worth $1.50 per day, ouch, thc 30 bush- els will cost for addtiional labor in clean- ing and grading, 10 cents per bushel. Few people familiar with crop-growing .3, as“! .. 242 (3) will claim that this additional charge of 10 cents per bushel or from 12 to 20 .ccnts per acre for this better seed is not a very good investment. The Princess. There are two principles by which a modern fanning mill or seed cleaner and grader can separate grain: namely, by size of kernel and by difference in weight. The mills best adapted to do the work of grading seed-grain use both principles. Big. plump kernels are desirable for seed, as they will give the young plants a more Vigorous start in life, but the weight of the kernel in relation to its size is of equal. or perhaps even greater import- ance. There is absolutely nothing wast- ed by the process of close selection to get the. choicest seed grain. The chaff and screenings are as valuable as when mixed with the grain. 'l‘he seed includes the best seeds from the whole body of grain. 'l‘he balance is as good for market or fccd as before. As illustrated in one of the cuts here— with. 50 pounds of grain were. run thrugh a good mill. 51/2 pounds taken out for seed. 2.2 pounds of screenings and chaff removed, and the, balance left in good condition for feed or for market. The original sample weighed 30 pounds per bushel; the selected seed, 38 pounds; and the market grain 34 pounds. By selecting a small per cent of the. grain grown. seed adapted to local soil conditionswalso seed capable of produc- ing and feeding strong plants -is secured and all ordinary weed—seeds and dirt rc- 'l‘herc. is no better or safer way of securing good seed for the great bulk of the crops grown on the farm than by selecting it from the grain grown thereon. lll‘ I‘v'cd. By this method and by cxpcrimenting with new or promising varieties on a smaller scale for a comparison of yield and quality, our grain crops may be be?- tered and the profit from farms iii- creased to a maximum our degree. iMde'VEMENT or: SEED BY PLANT BREEDERs Very much has bct-n done in recent years in the. way of improving the yield of staple crops by seed breeding and se- lection on a scientific basis and an exten- sive. scale. l‘lvery farmer is well aware of the fact that occasionally a new va- riety of grain or potatoes is developed which gives a much better yield under identical conditions that the varie— ‘. (r, 1.5. ties which have been commonly grown upon the farms of the community. A good many people. hchver, have not realized the painstaking tffort which has beer put into the deveppment of these productive strains of ordinary crops to those ;\ very good illus- ihis ltind of work can be seen own taxperiment station where alfalfa and timothy are the purpose of selecting the individual plants for fu— prwpagation. Something of this been mentioned in these col- recent years. but one must see itself to appreciate its secure results. tration of at our large growinl.r l“ ..» llitllrr l'l' best broil icing illl‘t' “oil. has lli'Iil ill :th Work in)- l‘vll‘lilllt‘O. .\ person who kind of ordinary check rows with a single plant has not seen a plat of grown in in a place any plants cannot rcali'Ao the difference betw'tcn the individual plants. which is manifest totlte. ordinary observer. in alfalfa. for in— stunce it has been found that there is a vast difference in the amount of both t‘orauo and seed produced by certain strains propagated from individual plants selected for their adaptability to Some, of these. plants found to be much more hardy than oth— ers. especially in their ability to survive the adverse Weather conditions of winter, such as a covering of ice. or an exposure to severe. winter without the protection of snow. and by work of this kind strains of alfalfa are being produced which wid be especially adaptable to Michigan con— ditions. In like manner the work which is be— ing done with timothy shows equally sur— prising results. Some individual plants grown in separate hills reach twice the height and have. twice the foliage of oth- er plants grown under exactly similar conditions. Even the casual observer can at once appreciate the fact that if seed were sown in an entire field which was equal or similar in quality to that which would be produced on the best of these plants, a much heavier yield of hay would be secured. What is there exemplified in the breed- ing of productive strains of those two forage plants is typical of the work which plant breeders have been doing all along the line in the way of producing high these purposes. lll‘w also yields and hardy strains of many staple and special crops. It is the part of wis- dom for the practical farmer to try these new varieties or strains on a. small scale at least, in order that he may profit by the work of these expert plant breeders in every case where their product is well» suited to the local conditions which ob- tain upon his farm. Another example of what can be done in the way of such improvement is af- forded by our sugar beet crop. For very many years the plant: breeders of Ger~ many have been working toward the im- provement of sugar beets by the develop— ment of strains containing a high per— centage of sugar. In carrying on this Work the scientists go to the field and select individual beets of apparently ex- ceptional characteristics. They take from the beet by a special instrument a small amount of juice for analysis. Those ieets having the highest percentage of sugar and having other desirable charac— teristics are kept ‘for the production of seed the following year. In this manner the average percentage of sugar in these best strains of sugar beets has been very materially increased in recent years, and our sugar beet industry has largely profited from this work because of the fact that improved seed is imported by the factories for planting in Michigan lit-ct liclds. Many other examples could be cited to show what has been done along this line in the improvement of our common grains, particularly oats, in the improve- ment of which an English firm of plant breeders made an enviable name and a well earned fortune, ()ur American seeds- men have not been idle, in the meantime. but have by similar methods developed many improved varieties of seeds and plants which are available at a reason- able cost and with which every farmer should experiment on a large enough scale to enable him to compare the re- sults obtained from these improved varie- ties of seeds and plants with those ob- tained from the ordinary varieties grown upon the farm or in the community for many In this way the average yield of our farm crops may be largely increased from year to year by keeping pace with the advancement which has been made in the development of new varieties and strains which can better endure hardships to which they may be subjected. which are more resistant of diseases which attack so many of our crops and which, under favorable conditions, will produce largely increased yields at no greater cost of production, save in the small item of the itself. yea rs. seed one METHOD OF KEEPlNG SHRED- DED FODDER. At this stage of advanced methods of =arming can we afford to spend the extra days necessary to husk any large amount of corn by hand? Of course, if we can hire it huskcd by this method it makes matters somewhat different. but still- causes much extra work. such as measur— ing and drawing corn, and time spent with the stalks. Now as to the fodder question, why not handle the shredded stalks in the follow- ing manncr: After shredding, if not con— vtnient at the time. one can in a short time, mix the fodder With straw and foil have as nice a mow of feed as it is outside of the you use the waste stalks and straw best possible advantage as bed— thus securing their value as ma- nure, which can be handled much easier than when mixed with those long stalks found laying in the yards of the hand Again, your stock will eat all but the largest portion of the. stalk. The best way to mix. if not attended to at time of shredding, is by pitching iodder to sides, or in an adjoining mow. and use slings, dropping a sling load of straw in center of mow and cover with fodder down from the sides, or other mow. as the case may be. following this up .until mow is made up of alternate layers of stalks and straw . ’l‘his feed can be. handled far easier and takes up but a small amount of barn as compared with stalks in the possible to gel silo, also may to the (i ing. it uskers. thrown room, bundle. Let some of our hand-huskers try this method. Next year when the corn is ready to husk, secure a machine and in a day or two you have a fine crib of corn ready to uSe then and there, a mow of good roughage, also shelled corn‘for use until the ears inthe crib are dry enough to shell, and. last but not least, the. knowledge that you have either where you can use it any time. ‘ Macomb Co. C. S. You just. pick out. from my cata- logue. whichever size of Chatham Grain Gmder.Cleaner andsepurator you want me to loan you and I'll promptly ship it, freight unpaid—free. 1 don’t want my moneyt it’s a real free trial. Clean and grade all your need I! I). Keep the machine I month. if you please. Then return machine st my expense or buy it on my rsi Low-Price Credit Offer My price ls positively the lowest ever made on I reliable grain grader and cleaner. Plenty of time topay. Don’t pay cash unless you want to. Wonderful Machine The Chntham bundles over 70 need mixtures—w)! . oats, corn, barley. flax. clover. timothy.etc.Takeu cockle, wild Olts, tune oats, smut, elm. from seed wheat: clover; sorts corn for drop planter. sickly grains. Takes out all dust, dirt and chaff. power or hand power. Easiest running mill on earth. Manson Campbell. Father of the Chub- un Syutm of Breed— ing Big Crops and l n v e n t o r of th Chathum Mill. Chatham Grain Grader, Cleaner. Separator / ‘ . \ 1912 nodal any mixture from flax: buckhorn from Removes foul weed seed and all shrunken. cracked or Handles up to 80 bushels per hour. Over 250.900 in use in U. 8. and Canada. Gan Read These Letter- By Mark Havenhlll. Fox. Ill. 'Wlth my Chatham Mill I found. saved and sold 8197.08 worth of timothy seed thrown in my oats by the threshing machine. What do you think of that clean-up of good moneyl’ By H .0.(lllszore. Swayzee.lnd. ‘Snpurated 162 bushels of wheat from 294 bushels 0! outs. Am not hslf done yet. Have al- ready made enough to pay for the mill and am $38.16to the mood. besides.” A Wonderful Seed Com Grader Hundreds of farmers are buying the ”Chutham” for its corn grading feature alone. At State agrlcultural colleges it has broken all records in sorting corn for drop planters. 98 bills out of every 100 rc- celved right number of grains. Where grains were sorted by other means. only 60 out of I00 hllls were right. Write Me Today Got my hmonl {low-pdce-buy— fun-time propo-ition and my big book. ‘The Chatham System of Breed- ln' Big Crops." All comes free. Then, say which Chnthnm Hill and Bugger you went and 1’“ loan it 00 you. I pledge my word that your only expense attached to thlsloun is the 2c otam which carried me your letter. ow is the time to clean and grade and grain. Io write mo ligation Campball (to. Detroit. Kansas City. Minnupolls manner, and at the right time. implements. It carries with it the one word—Efficiency. .: . " or "t a ‘ ill‘il?3\ ' . ‘ if, , 3‘77, t» t" tiles-11%.: , gnu . '~« " “th ~ \. \.\’/U‘ l ”toll-fin.“ “tut till} tti‘i llllllilllllllillm I “mus mil“ .Ii ‘ ,ullllliw“ §. the farmer than in common thing to neighbors. The cutter-bar, easy today for free catalog. What ls Your Ideal of a Binder? If it is a binder that performs every duty in the correct unnecessary piece on it, then the JOHNSTON “CONTl- NENTAL" BINDER is your ideal. This name—JOHNSTON—on farm machines has stood for Quality throughout the entire development of modern endufince, capacity, simplicity, service—all summed up in nental" “ preaching " its virtues to his dust-proof steel roller bearings. steel angle quality canvas, the tying mechanism and trip in the “Continental” make up the binder that sut- passes all others. Gel acquainted with I'Uohnsfon. " erlc and does not have one I guarantee of strength, JOHNSTON Farm Machines constitute a complete line of farm implements every one of which is built from the farmer's point of view. We sacrifice nothing to maintain our present supreme position among farm machine builders, but we are strong on simplicity. In the JOHNSTON “ CONTINENTAL” BINDER are more features that gratify any other make. It is a see a use: of a “Conti- one piece steel frame, control of all parts. extra A postal will do. for potatoes has been ’1- : 3 $- 0 v n WIN; ll‘ ltl -fi (I Ell ‘l\ 3‘ t E . kl ll, ill at A“ The conclusion is that 1000 lbs. p be in the form of Sulfate. Continental Bu... Edam. ammonia, 8% phOSphoric acid and 10% POTASH 1:1 for early potatoes and 800 lbs. of 3—6-8 for the late crop are the most profitable under average conditions. The Potash should .W Whitney Central Bank Building. New Orleans The question of the most profitable fertilizer the subiect of very extended investigations. / _’:,::=’ I I" er acre of 5%“ 11 ll gI Many growers use double these amounts. E . ill Such brands can be bad if you insist upon them. Do not accept l -- wk so-callcd potato fertilizers of low grade. Write us for Potash prices and for Free books with formulas ‘ "'..- and directions. , GERMAN KALI WORKS, inc. 1 Block. Chicago ' r “Li. . ,, .—,' _ MARCH 2, 1912- 'FARM NOTES. - Alfalfa on Heavy Land. I am thinking of seeding an acre to alfalfa this. spring. My land is rough and heavy,‘and I understand alfalfa will not thrive where there is a stiff clay or hardpan sub—soil. \V'ill you kindly answer this question through The Farmer? Allegan Co. A. A. It has been thoroughly demonstrated that alfalfa will grow on a heavy clay soil, or one with a heavy clay or hard— pan subsoil, providing the land is properly tile drained. The one thing that it will not endure is a soil that is filled with water for any considerable length of time, The writer knows of one piece of alfalfa that was sown on a soil having a hardpan subsoil about twenty inches below the surface. This was so hard that a pick had to be used in digging the trenches for tile draining. There is. however, a perfect stand of alfalfa on this field, which produced three crops last Year, al- though it was so wet that the last crop winch was probably the best. one of the three, could not be harvested and the hogs were turned in to pasture it down. «\lfalfa has demonstrated its adaptability to a great variety of soils, but good drain- age, either natural or artificial, is one essential to success with the crop. Potato Scab. “'ill potatoes planted on open ground that has been covered with manure, be any more liable to be scabby than if planted on sod ground that has been cov— ered with manure? Charlevoix Co. Sunscniunit. The cause of potato scab is a fungus. spores of which are either upon the seed planted or in the ground in which they are planted. Thus, if potatoes are plant— ed after potatoes in the crop rotation, scab is more likely to be prevalent. The application of stable manure is thought to increase the likelihood of scab, al- though if it is applied early in the sea~ son, during the winter or in early spring, this is not apt to promote scab to any great extent. There would probably be no difference in this respect between sod and other ground, providing the other ground had been in potatoes more re- tently than the sod. A good clover sod is, however, the best possible place for potatoes, and when available will give better results than will soil which has been cropped one or more years after plowing dewn sod. Sod also makes the better place to apply stable manure as the plant nutrients contained therein are held in an available condition by the grass roots as these nutrients are washed into the soil by the spring rans. The Fertilizing Value of Wood Ashes. \Vill you kindly advise me through your paper what 1 should pay for leached and unleached wood ashes? Also kindly give me the relative value of each, (chemi- cally). I expect to haul them from a place which is about ten minutes drive from my farm, so if you can give me an idea of what they should be worth at the plant, I will thank you very kindly. lhio, E . R. “'ood ashes, when unleached, contain from four to seven per cent potash in one of the most available forms for the use of plants. Leachcd ashes contain but rne to two per cent of potashm Softwood ashes are also much lower in their con- tent of potash than hardwood ashes. Hardwood ashes also contain about two per cent phosphoric acid and 32 per cent lime. At the Illinois Station the value of the fertilizing ingredient in unleached wood ashes has been computed at $7.20 per ton. This, however, does not take into account the full value of the lime contained in the ashes, and in case the soil is in an acid condition or’low in its content 0f lime they” Will be still more. valuable as a fertilizer. Fertilizing Value of COal Ashes. I would like to know if there is any value in hard coal ashes, on sandy land or around (-urrant bushes; also the value of soft coal ashes. Cheboygan CO. C. R. H. Coal ashes contain very little available plant food, so small an amount that it is of no consequence as a fertilizer. The only value that they could have would be the mechanical effect produced on heavy soils. Plowing Under Refuse Beets. Will it injure a heavy clay loam soil to plow under beets next spring which have been rejected by the factories? Gratiot Co. E. J. S. There would probably be no injury at all to a clay loam soil in plowing under even a heavy crop of beets. The only possible danger would be in producing an acid condition, which would not be llkely in a loamy soil with reasonably good drainage and aeration. Even if such an effect were produced, a light applica- tion of lime would remedy it. But this will be adding considerable vegetable matter to the soil which will be con- Corn. It is as easy to grow big money making crops of good corn with A A C Co. Fertilizers as it is to grow ordinary crops of small cars with inferior fertilizers. It costs no more for seed, planting or cultivation. Farmers should take no chances as to the fertilizers they apply. The aim should be to get out of the soil all‘that it can yield. Every bushel raised in excess of the usual production means that‘ much gained, and gives the farmer a great advantage. U. S. Department of Agriculture \ it'll. 8 k II "”51!!!” n, ‘C -‘.—.-‘.-‘--_.- (N ‘- III llllf llll 11.: [I'll llu'iu'u'l't' \ l/III’ u. Illlrlrll ‘ ‘\\\\\\:_ l'lllll' MW! i. Farmers’ Bulletin No. 308, among other things, says that the best farmers have a better understanding of the value and use of commercial fertilizers in growing large crops of superior quality. Also that the importance of taking into con- sideration all the factors which influence the use of fertilizers can hardly be over- estimated. A plant must have all the essential fertilizer constituents present in available form or its growth will be hindered in proportion to the defic- iency of the lacking constituent. lllllll' l'...‘ ,1 The above statement shows the importance of using commercral fertilizers, which are one of the chief needs of modern farming. How to Fight Drought with Fertility. Write us for booklet on fertilizers. \Vc will also send you pamphlet ”How to Fight Drought with Fertility and \«Vhy the Rich— ness of Soil makes up for Lack of Moisture”, by John A. Widtsoe, Ph. D. Every farmer will be interested in this article. Where we have no agents will sell direct a bag, a ten or a carload. Write for our agency proposition. From a Photograph showing ears taken from a crop of corn estimated to yield 50 bush. per acre THE AMERICAN AGRICULTURAL CHEMICAL CO. Detroit Sales Department, Detroit, Michigan Largest manufacturers of high grade fertilizers in the world. A “NEW IDEA” HEATER IN EVERY HnME Everybody can have one if they desire—and why not? A FURNACE THAT IS A FURNACE goes farther toward making.r a (‘ountry Home, really ideal than anything: else. ()ur “NEW IDEA FURNACE” is the nrost practical, convenient and economical of any heater ever built. We will send you one at ONE-THIRD OFF TO THE FIRST BUYER IN EACH BOUNTY Simpl y as a part of our advertising plan to get them thoroughly introduced—on our “co-operative selling plan.” This applies to the. first. purchaser who likes it. and will recommend it to others. You have the.opportunity—now. Write us at once for full particulars, plans and catalogue mentioning this Paper and your Dealer’s name and address. All our Furnaces Ranges Stoves and Heaters are sold on our positive guarantee. ’ ) THE SCHILL BROS. CO.,Sole Mfrs., Crestline,0hi0 244 (4) Drain Your Land for 4 cents a Rod guarantee this org: wer Cyclone Tile Ditching fizchine curs tile ditch 10 in- ches wide, 4 inches cap! at rate of 300 rodsa day. Finished ditch cut, tile laid and covered, for 3 or4 cents a rod in average soil. , Read ourfreebookgivinginformation from U.S. Govt. authorities on Drainage Cyclone Tile Ditching Machine paysfor itself in first 20 to 40 acres you drain. according to spacing of laterals. Increased crops all profit. Make hun- dreds of dollars on yourown ditching, and cutting ditches for neighbors. Anyone who can plow can oper- erate successfully. Write for free book showinfiThe Money Making Way of Draining nd. Q leochko Manufacturing Co. Box I” Bellevne, Ohio $10,00000.’ Deposited With Bank to Protect You You’ll beadelighted customer it you buy this Greencastle Grain Drill. or we’ll have to take machine back and pay freight, both ways. There's no other wayout of t—we’ve put up a $10,000.00 legal bond with our bankers to refund all your money if this Drill isn’t exactly what we say it is—we would not—dare not—«lispute your word after you’ve tried the (lreencastle. Try it 80 days free at. our risk—sow all your seed—and if the Grccncastle Grain Drill does not more than satisfy you. ship it back and we'll return your money in full~—or forfeit $10,- (XV/.00. We know that this lmll is perfect—will sow grain, seed or fertilizer accurately and stand up to its work in any soil—that's why we guar- antecit one. year and let you try it. one full month free. We so i direct from factory—save you $20 to $30 dI-ale-r’s proilts. Write for booklet. copy of guarantee and $0000.00 bond. If you answer this right. away we will make you special price offer to introduce this drill in your locality. HBRTZLBR a 200K 00., Box 103, Bellovllle. Pa. Well drained land produces big crops. invest in high grade clay tile and you will have a permanent drainage system. We have been manufacturing indestruc- tiblc drain tile for several years. 'l‘hou- sands of satisfied customers. We satisfy you. Write Now for our prices. SUMMITVILLE DRAIN TILE C0. SUMMITVILLE, INDIANA. Are You Bobbing Yourchildren? if your method of farming is such that you will leave to your children an impoverished soil you have failed in your duty to them. Leave Them a Fertile Farm. Dccp plowing will make available the abund- ant potash in the subsoil. Legumes will supply plenty of nitrogen. You Most Buy Phosphorus In some term and the only economical way is to buy it in the form of finely ground phosphate rock. The best is the cheapest, and can be had from [Is Our goods pulverized to fineness 95% passes 100 mesh, 75% 200 mesh. FEDERAL CHEMICAL C0., (lround Rock Dept. Columbia, Tenn. "Adam'Bone Cutter '01. faster and better. The only cutter with ball-bearings. 1 "Easiest running: cuts crisp and flue; knivou of‘the best tool ; ‘ steel; every part interchangeable; pays for itself in 8 months. . , Hens fed green bone lay twice or many eggs, are healthier. ‘nljlll FIE! I09! about Adam Bone Cutters.(hsnd orj { wer) Perfect Poultry Log Bands. and other I ll“ .2 ; alimony. Co..lloon 145.35w.hh&.&lcnlo.fi' SPllllllllllE smudge: SMUT SPOIICIDE CHEMICAL to Atlanta. N. Y Sure cure for THE "MICHIGAN woman. verted into humus to its benefit which would be of sufficient advantage to more than overcome any possible danger 01' producing acidity. "~ ANOTHER VIEW OF THE ROAD QUESTION. ._. The good roads question seems to have taken its place as an important issue, especially at this time, when the county road system has been placed before the people, to be accepted, as the step re- quired to place the road system on a satisfactory basis. But it is not evident to me where we are goingeto be any bet- ter off. I fail to see where the county road system proposes to correct any of the evils, which we have borne under the township system. In the township of Chester, Eaton county, we were under the latter system two years, with a highway commissioner and one overseer. Complaint and dissat- isfaction were everywhere evident, with a result that the township was divided into 31 road districts, with an overseer for each. at the “town meeting" last spring, and I think I am safe in saying that, a very large majority are well sat— islied with the work done the following summer. But what was wrong with ship road system? The road work was applied mostly on the main roads, the h.\'—roads receiving veiy little, if any, at— ioniion; too many miles of road for a the town- highway commissioner and one overseer to look after; difficulty in securing help when needed; the impossibility of doing the road work at the time of year when it should be done. ’l‘hc work must cover the whole summer season, Where under the district system tho work was done all 1 over ihe township at about the same time, and «luring a time win-n those who wished in work out their road tax were not too bust to respond. |.\' tin-re one objection named which the county road system proposes to correct? Let us see what is being done where the county system is now in effect. Trunk roads are hoing laid out connecting cities nnd towns. ’l‘hcso roads in some cases traverse two or more counties, one county inking up the road at the intersection of lhu adjoining county. ‘These roads are to be built and maintained in a high state or clficiency by the county taxpayers. l wish to ask you. Mr. fli‘armer, if these spot-i211 roads are being built for the best inlci'est ot‘ the people whose money goes into their construction, where only a. (‘Hilll'ial'aliVO few can hope to see them once a your? . \\ no are the promotors of an enterprise pushing a system of roads, state-wide, town to town? Not the average l'urmer, Whose business seldom carries him beyond his nearby trading point. .\ majority would huve to haul produce, to market. at least part: of the way, over roads considered as by-ways under the proposed system, and the poorest roads would have to be considered in loading for market. How about the rural mail service, while those proposed routes are being construct- ml‘.‘ The cross roads would soon become iu-xi to impnssable, as some are already lrm-nnllng, and something would have to ho (lone. ‘ There are objections to the district sys- tem, I will admit, but our roads were‘ steadily improving under it, and were in us good a state of repair as the average of our farms. i believe in raising sufficient tax money for the extension of permanent improve- ment on our highways at large, but I am not in favor of applying it on a few se- lected miles, which the rest of the sys- tem runs down. We need home. control hum of our home interests, and should think (uret‘nlly lulOl‘c voting it away to a county road system, thcreby placing our interests into someone elses keeping. Eaton Co. E. J. LOVELAND. GRASS EXPERIMENTS. The Department of Agriculture has re- (-o‘rved a report from the Virginia Experi- mcnt Station of some tests with grasses. It was found that orchard grass and clo- vcr mixed averaged 2,460 pounds per acre in yield of hay as compared with 1,575 from orchard grass alone. Timothy red— top and clover mixed yielded 5,440 pounds and rcdiop, 3.307 pounds of redtop alone, and 3,857 pounds of timothy alone. An application of one ton of burnt lime and 300 pounds of nitrate of soda per acre was followed by an average hay yield of 4,402.5 pounds per acre. while an un— treated check plot produced a yield of $2.215.5 pounds of hay. as compared with 4,460 pounds of timothy \ How to Save the Most Money on a Spreader OVU can buy a manure spreader for any price you want to pay. But you won’t get more than you pay for. The c/zeaper the _, Spreader the more expensive it is in the and. The way to saw the most money on a manure spreader is to get the [mt—regardless of first price. the cost will be divided among the most years. Get the spreader that is lightest running and costs least for repairs. most efficient in the work it does. Get the spreader that will last longest—so Get the spreader that If you do that you will get The GREAT WESTERN Let us show you by actual facts and figures why the Great Western is the only spreader you ought to use. Then you will understand why it is used and endorsed by over 100.000 progressive farmers and by nearly every U. 8. Government and State Experiment Station. Built To Last The Great Western has 214 feet: of solid oak in its construction. It has an all oak frame. double oak bolsters. oak pole, oak axle caps, oak beater. oak bed stakes, oak rake head and oak cross pieces. It has hickory Single trees, hick- ory Double trees and hickory Neck yoke. The frame is absolutely rigid; it cannot be twisted out of shape, no parts can bind—hence it is the lightest draft spreader made. The GREAT WESTERN endless apron runs on 75 large roll« ers-one set on each side of the heavy oak frame and one set supporting the center. These large rollers are set close together so there’s no sag- ging or waving of the apron slats. The Great Western has a big 15-inch indestruc- tible malleable fifth wheel that weighs 40 pounds. This is attached with malleable braces to two big. heavy, solid oak bolsters. It is arranged so that if one wheel drops into a hole or rut, there’s no strain or binding on the frame. Rock Island Plow C0., The Great Western malleable fifth wheel and heavy oak bolsters are set back two feet under thte box so the load is evenly balanced on all four w eels. The front wheels of the Great Western track with the rear wheels. We make the heaviest wood and steel wheels ever put on manure Spreaders. ‘ Great Western Spreaders are made in two styles and six sizes ranging from 35 to 100 bushels capacity. You can suit your needs exactly in the complete Great Western Line. Each Great Western handles all kinds of fertilizers in any kind of weather. Big Spreader Book Free We want your name and address at once so we can send you our big. free book. No matter what is in other catalogs. compare any other spreader. point for point, with the Great West- ern. Find out how Spreaders are made and what they are made of. Find out the record of repairs. Find out what other farmers say about them. Then see the spreaderitself. Don‘t let any low firlce influence you until you know all the facts. emember. it’s the cost—per year-that counts. Write now for catalog. Address 2813 Second Ave.. Rock Island, 111. Real Spreader QUALITY- UNRIVALLED $ VALUES now, summon Direct factory prices start this year at only $42.50 delivered in Michigan. Slightly more for-same styles and high quality in other states owmg to higher freight charges. Just as big values throughout our full line of complete machines. Whether you want an End] Apron machine. wood or steel wheels. 50 to 100 bushels capacity, or our Wagon Box Spreader. you can’t beat the Detroit-American quality. no matter what you pay. Detroit-American misuse it. Get our Fro. Bl: Books and freight-paid prices at once. ere offer and more. big books are the best ever written about spreaders. Also shows big values in famous Detroit-American Tongueless Disc Burrows. Cultivators and Gasoline Engines. 105C Hastlngs Street, .You take no risk before you buy and our unlimited- tune guarantee protects youfor life after you pay. No other spreader in the world could make good on our pro osition. Read about the gem-less construction; man how much more steel we use. See the remarkable simplicity and strength. Six changes of teed mean em- ciency. It‘s the mistake—proof spreader—you don’t AMERICAN "ARROW C0., 1— ', :Y‘-|-II‘—‘ .. /i..‘-'i'i7'i l \ / ess or Return On 30 Days’ Free Trial— No Money Down—Cash or Crodlt—Freight Paid We’re offering every advantage oth- Send your name now. Our Write postal now. Address Detroit, Mich. *RMERS’FAVO GRAIN DRILLS fire noted for the accurate sowing of all large and small grainsT—anY- ll thing from wheat to bush lima. beans, and they ground at an even depth. Don’t overlook these important facts. put the seed 1n the Farmers’ Favorite Drills are made in every style and size—in plain 1 grain and combined grain and fertilizer—from One Horse uP- ‘ Send for the Farmers’ Favorite Catalogue. Read it and then go .to , ‘ our local implement dealer and insist on seeing the Farmers Favorite . rill. Remember that this Drill is sold under the strongest possible t l warranty and that you run no riskwhatever in purchasing. I §EsAnsmm§£w1NG—WM @Inmjpmmnmam 11/ ‘ \. _ .- MARCH 2, 1912- [LIVE Stock"? MALAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA SUCCEEDING WITH SPRING PIGS. One cannot meet with success in the pig breeding business, unleSS they know how to manage with the sow at farrowing time, and how to save a large percentage of the pigs. Proficiency can be attained by practice, providing one has the cor- rect ideas in mind as to what is neces— sary to insure success. The experienced breeder will keep in mind the first words of the old song, “Never Forget the Dear Ones,” the dear experiences in the past when the losses were heavy. One of the first things to do is to pre- pare the pen for the sow at least a week or ten day's before the pigs are expected. The time can be correctly figured from the service record book. A man who does not keep a record of his transactions in the breeding line, is not deserving of success, for he is doing business in a slipshod manner. If the date of service is known, one can confidently expect the pigs in just sixteen weeks, or 112 days. There is rarely but little variation from this rule. Care should be taken that the sides of the pen are tight, and that there are no crevices through which cold air can come into the nest. However much pure air may be considered essential for the health of animals generally, this is a time when no draughts of cold air should be allowed to come into the pen where young pigs are expected during cold weather. If there is considerable space above the ncst. put in a false coVering just. above where the sow's back will reach when she, is standing, to prevent cold air from coming down from above. Here is where. many miscalculate and do not seen to know why they lose their pigs. if the pen is large some falsc partitions should be set up beside the. nest toward the in— ner part of the pen to exclude the cold air. A little extra trouble will be well repaid by success in saving the pigs. “hen the sow is first put in the far— rowing pen, a liberal amount of dry straw can be put in to make the nest. After she has packed the nest Well, the wet and coarse straw should be removed just before the pigs are expected, as they will get entangled in coarse straw and might get stepped on. There should not be anything to hinder the pigs from get— ting around to the mother‘s udder very soon after they arrive. If the nest is warm and there is no obstruction in their way they usually get around and take a. stomach full of milk in a. Very short time after they arrive. By making the pen low, and small. and fixing the nest in ]ll‘opcr condition, the necessity for farther attention is pre— vented. \\'hile it is a good plan to keep watch to see if everything is progressing properly, the cases are few and far be- tween where the attendant’s help is needed. interfering, except in cases where the sow is unable to deliver, usually does more harm than good. And farther, the small and low pen is wartncd by the. breath of" the sow. the natural way, and the use, of artificial heat, as recommended by some, is not required. (‘are should be exercised in feeding the sow bet'ore farrowing the pigs. The amount of feed should be very moderate, and of such a kind as will put her in the. Very best condition. The ration should contain a moderate percentage, of wheat bran, and a little old process oil mcal can also be added to prevent cen- stipation and a revered condition that often leads a sow to eat her pigs. The sow should not be, called from the nest to eat for several hours after the pigs arriVe, and when she is fed. only a small quantity of sloppy feed should be given at a time. A large feeding of either grain or sloppy feed is likely to bring on sick- ness and stupidity which may cause the loss of some of the pigs. The ainmlnt of feed can be increased gradually, but she should not be given full feedings for at least a week or ten days. Mistakes are often made by increasing the amount of grain feed too fast. I have had hired men who did not scent to appreciate, the importance of being can- tious about the amount of grain given, throwing to a sow after pigs were three or four days old, six or eight cars of corn at one feeding, and the fevered con- dition which followed caused the. loss of a part of the litter. To a breeder of pure-bred hogs such experiments are tOo costly to be repeated very often. When the sow has farr‘owed, and the life of a majority of the pigs saved, the battle is not wholly won; there are many difficulties to avoid during the first month or six weeks. The pens should be cleaned often and all soiled bedding rem-oved at least once a day, as filth is poison to the young pigs. \Vhile the pigs should have an abundance of pure air they should not be exposed to draughts of damp, or cold air. They should be given a chance for exercise. Do not let them get the habit of getting under the bedding and remain- ing there much of the time during the day. If the bed is coarse straw, take it out and use the fine straw. By the time the pigs are three weeks old begin to feed them by themselves on some dainty feeds, given warm, in which there is a little wheat bran and a little molasses. Such feeds will be a mild laxative and prevent the conditions which produce thumps, See that the little trough in which the pigs are fed is clean each time before any feed is put into it. Wayne Co. N. A. CLAPP. EARLY EXPERIENCE IN RAISING SHEEP. My father usually kept about 100 sheep, which was considered to be as many as could be safely kept in one flock without creating disease. it is well known that sheep can be kept in too large flocks to preserve good health. As soon as old enough I was installed as shepherd. and liked the. appointment. l made it my business in the summer to see that they were in the pasture every morning, salt them, and count them. “hen the cwcs had lambs, 1 fed them potatoes, turnips, and oats to increase their milk. If the feeding was done regularly, at the same hour, the sheep were sure to be on hand at the feeding place at that time. It is surprising how Well animals can measute time without clocks or watches. \\'c stablod our shccp nights, and stormy days. In the morning. when their appetites Were keen, they were fed some kind of straw, which they ate as well as if it had been hay. They would eat buckwheat straw. the poorest of all straws. After they had eaten straw, we gave them hay. Like. all other animals, they like. a change of food. All animals kept on dry fodder in the Winter have. a craving for succu- lent, or moist food. and sheep especially need it to do their best. In the winter we led our sheep potatoes and turnips and a little grain. lt‘ed in this manner, the ewes were, strong and yeaned, or gave birth to strong lambs that did not have to be helped up to such, or be car- ried into the house to be warmed. lly keeping the ram shut up until the fore part of flaw-ember. we formerly had our lambs ycancd in the fore part of ~May, at'tcr the weather had become mild and pleasant, and the sheep had been turned cut to pasture. 'l‘he lambs came strong, active, and happy as larks. and were quite sure to live without trouble. That was before the urgent demand came for spring lambs to supply the butcher. Now, in the eastern and middle states it is advisable to have them come earlier, so that they may obtain greater size, by the time they are wanted most. and bring the, highest price. If a lamb at six months old will bring twice as much as if a year old, it is the height of folly to keep it longer than six months, and the part of wisdom to have it dropped in the early spring. Hf course, it is more trou- ble to have. lambs conm so ‘arly, as the ewes must have. a warm stable and gen— erous feed, but it is trouble that supplies a big remuneration. \\'hcn the ram is plactd with the ewes, his breast should be “rudtlled” tas the Scotch call it), or smeared with rcd paint. so that it can be told where his attentions have been be— stowed and a record kept so that the shepherd may know when the lambs are to be expected, and be on hand to we]— come them and attend to their welfare. No farmer in .lCngland or Scotland would think of raising sheep without. raising every year a field of turnips for part of their winter food. Some of the turnips are “lifted” or pulled, and stored, to be. fed in the stable, but most, of them are left, in the. ground where they grew, and the sheep turned in every day and allowed to help themselves to as many as they want. It is said that the sheep cat both the tops and bottoms, quite clean. It should be remembered, how- ever, that it does not freeze so hard in England as in the northern and middle states of America. In Pennsylvania the turnips left in the ground would get frozen so hard before they were all in the field were eaten, it would make hard gnawing for the “woolies.” The cost of pulling and storing turnips x. vli' uands'of interested horse owners. horse. young or old. other bad traits forever. practical. keep his stable full of horses. more money than ever before.’ Box 42 You Can Train "via?" coll in 8 Hours or Break Your Horses at Any Bad Habits by Prof. Beery’s Simple Methods Prof. Jesse Beery. king of horse tamers and trainers . has retired from his marvelous career in the arena and Is now teaching his Wonderful system by mail to thou- Prof. Beery is acknowledged to be the world's master horseman. His wonderful exhibition of t. ming fierce. man-killing horses and conquering horses of all disposi- tions have thrilled vast audiences all over the world. He can teach you the same simple, yet marvelous. principles which have brought him such remarkable success. so that you can take the most vicious horse and subdue him in a few minutes. He can teach you to train a green colt. break any horse of bad habits, teach a horse to drive without reins. tell the disposition of any horse at a single glance. train him to do difficult tricks and, in fact, gain complete mastery over any You can take a useless and dangerous animal and double his value in a. short time by these easy. simple methods. And these horses will be cured of shying, kicking, balking, biting, fear of automobiles and all Prof. Beery’s lessons are simple. thorough and $1,200 to $3,000 a .Year At Home or Traveling! Competent Horse Trainers are in demand every- where. People gladly pay 1515 to $25 a head to have horses tamed. trained. cured of bad habits. to have colts broken to harness. A good trainer can always What Prof. Beery’s Students Are Doing Breaking horses of every conceivable habit. no mat~ tcr how long standing it is. Training colts to be ab- solutely trustworthy and useful in 8 hours. Riding with perfect ease and control. Training horses to go all the saddle gaits and do fancy steps. horses to do the most difficult and interesting tricks. Telling any horse’s disposition at sight—judging 3 horse right the first time. There is no limit to what a horse can be taughtwhen you know how. We receive hundreds of letters like the following: J. 0. Brown, Cameron, M0,, writes. "Last month I made $90.th training colts, besides my regular farm work." A. ' Bower, Tipton. Ind.. writes. "You have made me a practical colt. trainer, have all’the work I can do and make S. M. Ryder. Morccrsburg. Pm. writes. "I nmmnkin money buying 3~yoar-old kickers cheap. handling them a few uye and selling them. perfectly broken. at. a large profit.“ A. L. Dickenson. Friendship. N. Y...writes. “I am working a pair of horses that cleaned out. several different; men. I got them and gave them a few lessOns and have been offered $400 for the pair. I bought, them for $110." (I. B. Hill, Robinson. Ill.. Route No. 3. writes. “Three weeks ago I paid $125 for a 5-)'(‘Ill‘>0l1l kicker: yesterday I sold her for $225." PROF. JESSE BEERY Pleasant Hlll. Ohio Attention, Horse Owners! Send for Handsome Book 'Absolutely FREE The Only lnstructlon of Its Klnd In the World Never before in the history of the world has there been offered such a. wonderful opportunity as this — a. chance to learn a. money-making. fascinating profession right at home, under the instruction of the acknowl- edged master-horseman of the world. If you love to travel. to give exhibi- tions. to train vour own and neigh- bors' horses. write at once for hand- some, free prospectus. Thousands of Satlsfled Graduates There are thousands of satisfied and successful Beery graduates in all parts of the world. Theft; are reaping the benefits of their foresig t. in taking Prof. Becry's wonderful course. They comprise Farm- ers. Professional Horse Trainers. Horse Breeders. Riding Masters. Teamsters. etc. They are able to pick up Elenty of money on the side practicing w at. Prof. Beery tgught. them. Why not become one of t. em Tell me all about your horse. Training - . JESSE BEER Y. PROF B x . 12 Pleasant Hill. Ohio Cut Out This Coupon ' .. ., a and Mail It Today! (24) Gombaull’ Caustic Balsam The Worlds Greatest and Surest Veterinary Remedy HAS IMITA TORS BUT NO COMPETITORS l SAFE, SPEEDY AND POSITIVE. Supersedes All Cautcry or Fir- ing. Invaluable as a CURE for FOUNDER, WIND PUFFS. THRUSH. DIPHTHERIA, SKIN DISEASES, RINGBONE, PINK EYE, SWEENY, BONY TUMORS, LAMENESS FROM SPAVIN, QUARTER CRACKS. SCRATCHES, POLL EVIL PARASITEé. REMOVES BUNCHES or BLEMISHES, SPLINTS. * CAPPED HOCK, STRAINED TENDONS. SAFE FOR ANYONE T0 USE. have cured a. sweeniecl horse with the --Louis Miller, Sharon, Win. CAUSTIO BALSAM IS THE BEST Your Gombault’s Caustic Balsam Is the best liniment; I know of. I have bought tour bot;- ties for my neighbors and two for myself. I Balsam. We guarantee that one tablespoonf‘ul of Caustic Balsam will produce more actual results than a. wlolo bottle of any liniment; or spavin mixture ever made Every bottle cold is warranted to give satisfaction Write for testimonials showing what. the most: proml nent; horsemen say of it. Price, $1.50 per bottle. Sold by druggists, or sent by express, chargeJ paid. with full directions for its use. The Accepted Standard VETERINAN Y REMED Y Always Reliable. Sure In Results. .- " .15)”wa willow (1w :gnmlm'ofi “9&{8—1} a” r I :' _.. r @334: earner—W l CLEVELAIN GOMBAULT’S JAUSTIC BALSAM IS EXCELLENT. Having read an advertisement. in Wisconsin Agriculturist about your Gombnult’s Caustlo Balsam, I have tried some of It; and think It excellent—J. M. Woramdoosky, Big Mats, Wis. Solaflgents for the United States and Oanada. he Lawrenee- Williams 00. TORONTO, ONT. GLEVELAND, OHIO. Manure: Spreader ' Never Clogs Don't be pestered and made out of sorts by havin a spreader that clo . You don’t ave to. Get one the 5 reads wider, evener, car- riesa ' er loadandhasascoreot‘ other a vantages—the New Idea. Send tor Bookand Special Circulars telling all about the 24 points of superior- ity, and an account of the great spreader contest on the Hartman farm, where the New Idea out other Spreaders on the scrap heap. Don’t think of buying until you know about the spreader that is always ready to give atest of its merits. 24 Points Write today and get the facts. New idea Spreader Co. 116 Sycamore St.. “Mm. om. PADs Collar Pad without a fault because it 15 made right. This is the pad which is made of ventilat- ed fabric that keeps a constant circulation of fresh air under the collar and prevents sore shoulders,galls and sore necks. Your horses are always ready and willing to work when they have Ventlplox Pads in their collars. If you have a horse with a sore neck. buy one of these pads and see how quickly it heals. ~~. Your dealer should have them $2, . but if not, send us his name and " ‘ . we will ship a sample promptly. Better than other klndoy but cost no more Patented Sept. 20. 1910 Write for our interesting folder. We also make the famous "Stay-on" Blanket. Burlington Bullet 00.. Dept. 33 Burlington. Wis. are made by farmers who grind feed. Get the best mill. The Corn Belt grinds salt and hzird corn—and small - grain fastest. boot and cheapest. No clogging. Ground burrs VIII! a plow polish do It. Does not burn the feed. The ”CORN BELT”llil| has revolving knives that chop Corn and cob and burrs that grlnd Vertical feed means even distribution. Lathe-centered . burrs mean even grinding. bent on 20 DAYS FREE TRIAL - Burrs are easily changed in 3 minutes. Send for free book Spartan Mfg. Co., , _ 39 Main St. , Pontiac, Illinois 1,? mums: (Sold with or wuhou: elevator) .‘pl. CRUSH ear corn (with or without y~ chuckslcfllun all kinds of small grain. Have Conlcnl Shape Grlmlm. Dlflorom lrom all others. LIGHTEST RUNNING (Our Circular Tells Why) Handy to Operate. 10 Slzon— , 2 to 25 h.p. Capacity 6 to :00 bushels. ' ‘ We Also Malia Sweep Grinders. FEE Booklet on "Values of reeds and Manures.” D. PH’éLsherC380dl Bend ind. llElTll TU HEllESl llfilllllllfi . GUARANTEED PEI m “DIGEST!" curs. \j fi\ Cures Heaven by correcting . ' Indigestion. Book explains, ~ flywnt free. Cures Coughs, ' Colds,llistem pers. Prevents Colic, Staggers, (be. _ -‘ « - Purifier. Expels Worms. A . Grand Conditioner. A Veterinary remedy, 20 years' sale. We and SLOOdper can. so large size for Hooves. At dealers or irect prepaid. ‘l'llE NEWTON REMEDY COMPANY. Toledo, 0M0. rue unseat nun BEST LINE or - WELL DRILLING MACH IN E R v gestural; lng it for over 20 years. Do not buy until you see our new Illustrated Catalogue No. 14. Send for i tnow. ltls FREE. Austin Manufacturing 00., Ghloago "thinking it does not pay; ours are all THE MICHIGAN 1- EARMBR. 5 need not be great, as they can be pulled r with great rapidity by a. large spring- tooth barrow. Some farmers do not pick up their small potatoes at digging time, picked up to be fed to sheep or cows. My father had to quit raising sheep on account of the deer hunters and their hounds. There were two hunters in our vicinity, and one of them kept five hounds. At that time there was no law against driving deer into the river with hounds, and in the fall of the year nearly every day the hounds would be started on the hill south of my father‘s farm, and deer and hounds would come down through his fields and scare his sheep. The, deer would purposely go out of its way to run through the sheep, thinking thereby to bother the dogs by making them lose the scent, which they did, but soon found it again. The sheep, half scared to death, would jump out of the field into the woods and divide up into small flocks and become quite wild. One time it took three of us nearly the whole day to hunt them up and get them back. These scares were so numerous and troublesome that my father had to sell his sheep. Sheep raising was more profitable than dairying or poultry raising, wool was a cash article at 50 cents per pound, and quick sale. Butter was only 12% cents per pound, and eggs 10 cents per dozen, store trade. Pennsylvania. J. l\'. INGHAM. THE FALL COLT. \\‘ith the revival of horse breeding in Michigan, the question of the practicabil— ity of raising fall colts becomes an im« portant one. There are, in the writer’s opinion, some well defined advantages in raising full colts. One of these is that llu- lu'oml mare can be more easily laid ofl‘ and given a rest during the winter season than during the rush of summer work, under which circumstances she will raise her coll more. satisfactorily. Then, in the spring, soon after the foal is weaned, there will be the best of pas- ture to keep him growing from the start and, with some supplementary feeding as the. pasture shortens, the first year of the colt’s life will be a more prosperous one and he will be better started toward the maturing of a. valuable animal. Too often the spring colt is improperly fell during the first winter and docs not make as good a. growth during the llrst year of its life as is desirable. There is. however, a critical period in the first year‘s life of fall colts and that occurs lwlwecn the time the colt is weaned and Hill pcroid when pasture grass is avail— able. At this period great care should be, taken in the feeding of the coil in order that its growth be not stopped oven tem- porarily as that will require time to ov— ercome when the grass becomes avail- able. CIOVer hay or alfalfa should be used as forage and a fairly liberal amount fed in connection with two to three pounds of oats per day and some brain. with EL small allowance of roots. if possible, to add a little succulcucy to tho ration. although these should be fed spar- ingly and with judgment, if at all. If a small portion of skim-milk is fed after the colt is weaned it will furnish a (ll-sir- nhlo amount of bone and muscle building material. 1i will also be pain-labil- and will serve an cxccllcm purpose in keeping tho. Cull growing iiicciy during and after lhc weaning TN‘l'llMl. Care should be ex- ercised, hmycyer, in fcctiiug, to keep thc pail from which it is fed sweet and clean and to remove sumo us soon as the milk has bccn drunk. Some authorities contend that the feed- ing of coils in this manner tends to in— «lucc the habit of “windsucking.” for which reason care should be taken in fol- lowing lhe above advice implicitly. How- over, while it is possible to lay (loWn general rules in the feeding of colts, no set rule can be followed, as there is such a difference in the. individuality of dif- ferent colts. (mod “horse” sense, pa- tience and alertness should be used and lhc best of fccd should be supplied in sufficient quantities to keep the colt growing thriftily without overl’eeding. If the colt has trouble from teething, which makes it difficult for it: to masti- cate the dry hard forage and grain, some steamed oats thickened with bran will prove appetizing and nourishing. Liberal feeding must be counterbalanced by an abundance of outdoor exercise regularly afforded, according to conditions of the weather and other circumstances. In fact, good “horse” sense is very essential in the feeding of colts. Oakland 00. A. R. FA‘RMER. DO you know how much paint would be needed for your house or barn? How much white lead—how much linseed oil? -How many coats to apply, how to mix paint, how to produce any color eficct? ' These and other facts that you should know for yourself, even though it is advisable to call in an experienced painter on important jobs of painting, are all explained ill our “Handy Book on Painting.” It also explains why Dutch Boy Painter Pure White Lead and pure linseed oil make the most durable paint. Economical. too, because it costs no more and you won‘t have to paint so often. Did you ever see a rock worn away by the constant scrapingr of wagon wheels over it ? That’s the way white lead and Oil paint wears away—smooth right down to the surface and very slowly. YVrite to our nearest branch and ask for Farm Painting Helps No. 562 and if there are chil- dren in your family. or your neighbor’s home. ask {or the Dutch Boy Painter’s Book for the Children. NATIONAL LEAD COMPANY New York Boston BuEalo Chicago Cincinnati Cleveland St. Louis San Francisco (Philadelphia, John T. Lewis it Bros. Co.) (Pittsburgh. National Lead .2 on Co.) ‘Don’t lose Monet; 0n_Sick Cows. KOW-KURE has doubled the value of thousands of ailing cowl byils wonderfulmedicinalqualities. Hundreds of unprofitable cows have been rescued fromthc butcher and made big profit-producers. KOW-KURE is not a uslock-Tood;" it is a remedy. it positively cures and prevents the ailments that sap the ltrength of the milking cow and growing call. It regulates the digestive and generative organ: and tone: up the entire system-cures BARRENNESS. RETAINED AFTER- BlRTl-l, ABORTION, MILK FEVER, LOST APPETTTE and similar ills. Every dairyman should use KOW-KURE to keep the herd healthy, because healthy cows produce profits. For your own information, write today for our free book, "More Money from Your Cows." It gives valuable pointers on the health of cows. DAIRY ASSOCIATION COMPANY LYNpONVlLLE. VT.. u.s. A. SAVE-THE-HORSEr y OUR LATEST Book—Is our 16 Years’ Experience and DISCOVERIES—Treating - x 87.364 Horses—Ringbonk—Thoropln—SPAV1N—and ALL Shoulder, Knee, Ankle, \ Hoof and Tendons—It is a Mind Settler—liow to Test for Spavin—-Wha.t To Do ,_' For A Lame Horse—COVERS 58 FORMS OF LAMENESS—ILLUSTRATED. 'f.‘ We Originated the Plan 01~Treating Horses by Mail-—Under Signed. Contract to Return Money if Remedy Fails. Our Charges Are Moderate. But first write describing case, and we will send—BOOK—Sample Contract, ' ‘- Letters from Business Men The World Over and Advice—ALL FREE to (Horse Owners and Managers, only).—1’U'1‘ HORSE to W'ORK and CURE HIM NOW. I Address—TROY CHEMICAL 00., 20 Commercial Ave., Binghamton, N. Y. Dl‘uggists everywhere sell Save-The-llorse with contract. or sent by us Exp. prepaid. . é Get ALL the Woo gzlliggdlgulzcklyheiéh tohflsyou‘ sheep. and take it off evenly. 75 Stewart No. 9 Ball Bearing SHEARING MACHINE It is fitted with ball bearings throughout; the shearing head. too, is ball bean lng. Gears are all cut from solid steel and made tile hard, run in oil, turn easy and are enclosed sale from dust and dirt. Hasi sets 3 l l 50 of knives. Price, cmuplele. at your dealer's. only . . . . . . . . . . 0 See your dealer: if he hasn't it, send $2.00 and we will ship c.o.d. tor balance. CHICAGO FLEXIBLE SHAFT CO. 115 La Sana Aye“ CHICAGO Send for FREE treatise on "How to Shear Sheep." and large catalog showing- the world's most complete and modern line of clipping and shear- ing machines. Send TO DAY. demonstrate their saving of extra. hired hel . operate the MITCHELL with ieusure. Sen for our Largo Gain on Free to You. MITCHELL CARRIER MFG. CO. I 91 2 Forest Homo Avo- Gel a Mitchell Barrier STANCHIONS and STEEL STALLS Test. them in your own'etable THIR‘YY DAYS FREE and let them small boy can MILWAUKEE, WIS. J L 1 x l r 1 l HABHTS’ STEEL STALL AND STANOTHONS cl 58v. Time and Manny and Make Your Dal? More Profitable. . , YOUR COW Will give more and better milk. your cost of labor and production Will be materially reduced. and you will make more 0 ' ' money from your dairy if you equip your barn ‘ thh llnrrln' Patented Stool Stalls and shmhlont V " TN— ‘ I “ARMS CARRIER "surgeon today for ourfree illustratep I and Lnbor-Snvlng thtorl Food Gnu-lon- Write if}? THE "Mills MANUFACTURING COMPANY, 316 Olmland hm, SALEM, OHIO. sold right. State whether on wont round or am . Point: rtifl, medium or soft and on often you Mn. “'3 it wort m o In. Mo. . “II J ’\\A M oNTu's FREE TRIAL. . Q41“ and us our name an address. "0 will no - on “paid n ' u - can Rnsoyr. Show with it tormdayl. It at the saliva! tat time your", ntlafied that it's the but ruoryon ever at to your loco land In 01.75. ‘ - It not, lust send back theruzor on there Will be no charge. But on can’t help liking this fine English crucible steel, oven tern. razor because it’s made right-4.0m rod right-ground right-- wide, modiumgf.m' b fay’wh‘otbftryour bards: hwrltln to Insert no on 3 our or can D'iROY 00. Dool- 0. Sol-ooh. Io. pared and bevel e other catalog fir: t: .. *< _ n.“ ‘J.-———... MARCH 2. 1912- cho STOCK FARM The Home of the BELGIANS This announcement is for the men who know a horse. who need a horse, and who are familiar with values when they find something suitable. Have you, Mr. Stallioner. spent dol— lars uselessly searching for a first- class Belgian stallion or a No. 1 Bel- gian mare for a price at which you could afford to own same? Have you, Mr. PTOSDQCUVU Purchaser, decided where you are going to find what you want? ~ “'e want to state here, and to state most emphatically, that our twenty- five. years’ buying experience in Bel- gium, and our selling system (all stock sold at the farml.~places us In a position to sell a good stallion or a good mare at prices beyond com- petition. \Ve are talking of good horses, not the mediocre kind, and we. are in position to sell this good kind at, lesser figures than are demanded by swine firms for the ordinary sort. If you are in the market for an extra. good im— ported Belgian stallion or mare, come to Hewo and save all these useless side trips, secure a horse that repre- sents every dollar that is demanded for same, and be a gainer of several hundred dollars on account of “the difference in price.” , We have a number of homo brad colts at extremely reasonable prices. “Remember, Nothing but Belgians.” Don’t wait to write, visit. H. & H. WOLF, Wabash, Indiana. STALLIONS The Place to Buy or. w. soils—Its & sous, Huntington, Indiana. Write about them. It Will Save You Money. _ METZ BROS. NILES, MICH. “'6 have a. fine lot of imported and American bred Percheron Stallions on hand and we all sell them for less money than any other importer. Write us your wants. METZ BROS, Niles. Mich. —_ Why not buy 3 DRAFT STALLION Splendid Selection ol Pcrchcrons & Belgians -——AT-—- BEII. BROS, Wooster, Ohio. Write for Catalog. PERCHEBON. BELGIAN, SHIRE, HACKNEY STALLIONS 8: MARES. Two to -1 years old. imported and American bred. (‘hoice colors, lots of bone, weighing or maturing hHOt) t.o2,:l(l0§lbs. Three importations last few months, others to follow soon. Prices below competition. I sell them low and they go fast. LEW W. COCHRAN. Office 1091/; S. Washington St.. CRAWFORDSVILLE, IND. A. A. PALMER Cd SONS, BELDING, MICH. The Pioneer Percheron Breeders ol Michigan, offer for sale a choice lot, of black Percheron Stallions and Mares All registered and young. Fifty head to select from. ‘ For. Sale’Black Percheron Stud. two and half years old. Weighs fourteen hundred or better. Inquire. BRANNAN BROTHERS. Williamston. Mich. THE MICHIGAN FARMER. FEEDING YOUNG CALVES. Many farmers make the mistake with the cow or the steer and stunt them when they are only calves. I always try to give the calves a good start. For the first two or three weeks the young calf should have nothing but new milk. It should be as warm as when it comes from the cow and it is very essential to feed the calf as many as four times a day. After the calf is as much as three weeks old they may be fed milk that is twelve. or more hours old from which the cream has been taken, adding to this about four ounces of corn meal made into a thor- oughly cooked mush at each meal, for strong hearty calves. Thus they may be. fed two weeks more. changing to oat meal or wheat flour if the calf is inclined to scour. Some feeders add a few spoon— fuls of linseed meal, which is a very good plan. \\'hcn the calf is four weeks old it need be fed but twice a day, giving warm milk heated to .00 or 03 degrees. this being the natural animal heat. From this on more mush, or its equivalent, may be added as the calf increases in sim- and strength, .\t ten weeks old the calf should eat free- ly and at three months of age it may be gradually weaned from milk, and taught to subsist on rrass or hay and oats or other suitable grain. During the summer it should be, shel- tered from the. hot sun and rain by pro— viding a shelter to which it may retire. well ventilated, and dry and clean and dark enough to keep out green head and other biting flies. \Vhen the autumn comes on its rations should be increased and, as the grass fails good meadow hay should be substituted. giving all it will eat up clean. And when it is weaned see that ll never suffers from the lack of water. '1f the calf is to be kept through the winter it should be kept in the warmest, quarters: possible and fed liberally with hay and grain and the best profits can be realized in the spring. 'l'pon comparing debit and credit with your neighbor who has fed skim—milk alone and poor hay, you will find that the loss on his calf has gone. in the. shape of profit in yours. (‘ommon sense must be used in rearing the cow or the steer just the, same as it must be used in makingr a crop. Two or three months before the calf, or stetr, 21s it might be. called now, is put on the market it cannot be. fed too liberally to attain the highest prices as beef. This rule can be applied to the devel- opmcnt of the, cow. To make a good cow she must be fed well to bring early de— velopment of the cow. To make a good cow she must be fed well to bring early development and maturity. \Vith this rule she will bring a perfect calf at the age of two years. which otherwise she will not. Illinois. Coy C, McC‘pAN, IT PAYS TO COUNT THE COST. “'estern \Visconsin is discarding the light—weight horse for a more heavy draft. animal. .-\ good grade animal is worth about $150, especially if a mare. llxtra good teams are selling for $2300. Three hundred dollars at six per cent. our leral rate, amounts to $18 per year; $30 may be added as depreciation, as our machinery is getting larger and lart'ir and a horse has to furnish more power than it did a few years ago and seldom any team now lasts more than ten yr'al‘s, if intensive farming is the aim. lf horses are kept much longer it is for lighter work or for brood purposes. 1 haye kept a card system of accounts in addition to regular day book and led- ger Work. .\ny animal on my hands for years past had its own card, and the note- books tell me that all work teams have averaged 341730215 per anniim for food. Some years much more, and several years less. Thus the total expense of keeping a team of grade draft horses is at least $226.02. The. double harness, etc, is an invest- ment of enough more to make the inter- est on total investment fully $3.38 more so the annual cost is $230, or 75 cents for each working day and at least that amount is lost when not at work. My neighbor gets out his team about 8:00 a. m. for field work when the team- ster has to help about the. chores. Most of the field work is more than one-half mile from the barn, making the actual field work not over eight hours any day, although the driver is up early and to bed late. . A large part of our new machinery now requires either three or four horses, so every hour 10st or every day the horses are not used counts up fast on the wrong side of the ledger. My attention has been called to this matter at times in many ways, but there are two young tenant, farmers close by that; I have been contrasting and who make. another example to be used as an illustration. N0. 2 is on an adjoining farm. Both use mares; both have large horses that have to be fed liberally, Both use. four horses most of the time. No. 1 gets his team out by 7:00 a. m. on an av- erage, and that, too, without extra time, work or fuss. l'l'e hires extra help to be with him in doing the. chores, the team- ster takes care of his own team only. No. 2 keeps his teamster to help about the chores morning, noon and night, the horses awaiting a driver. llis tcamster is never a willing worker, being dissat- islied about the. before aml after work. No. 1 often tinds he is ahead of his work and thus aVoids those common rushes one sees on a farm. No. 2 now and then lays off? his team to use the help else- where and then it is a. rush to catch up. No. 1, after paying his rent and running expenses, put $200 in the bank. No. 2 has had to sell an extra brood sow to chn up. Roth milk ten cows, cultivate the same number of acres and in the, spring of 1911 had the. same. number of head of stock. No. 1 can tell you what each product cost and why it paid him to hire an extra. hand. No. 2 never kept any books that I know of. Both have the same number and grade of farm tools, mostly furnished with the. farm. Both men are sober, upright citizens, yet (lllr' gains by mixing a little brains with his work, and plans ahead. \\’iseonsin. OLD .\(rlchl'l.’l‘UIllST. LIVE STOCK NOTES. Such purchases of feeding lambs as have been made in recent weeks at the t‘hicago stock yards have been as a gen- eral rule. for shipment to Michigan sheep districts. l.i"le demand has exis‘cd, and most of the lambs on the feeder order have. gone lo slaughlercrs, with much too large a representation of half-fat stock. \\'ithoul any doubt whatever, the con- sumption of mutton in this country is discouraged sm'iously by the inferior quality of much of the stock sent, to mar- ket. and this applies to lambs and sheep alike. The demand has never centered so decidedly on lambs in the past as new. and where sheepmcn are so fortunate as to be, the owners of well-bred lambs that are growing well, they cannot make money any faster or more surely than by finishing them off in prime condition, taking care not to make them extremely heavy, for the demand is strongly for fat lambs of medium “might. ’l‘hesc com- mand all the time a big premium. being first to advance and last to sell off. The ewes coming to market arc, as a rule, unusually [HIHI‘ ill rillélllly illltl SCH S0 lOVV as to make, poor returns for their owners. in a recent interview, \\'illiam lit-a, the prominent ,- . He mun have his fat pro/it. besxdcs paying rent, clerk hire and all his store. But how much are you really wi d my Buth—in-Oil now the dealer is not ill. business for his health. s. Yet he wouldn’t add one penny to the value of my here any reason on earth why you should not save money by buying direct from the Manufacturer? onderful Oats Book filled with Priceless Information. NOTEvPlace an “X” in one or both of the above [] squares. (Y 011 Will 31502“ My Mil-Pm. 5—0010: General Line Catalog ~53“; . — -—- _-—V------_. mil-v“ MARCH 2. 1912- l '7 ‘7 I: $3,000,000l Will be saved this winter to the 15,000 users of Indiana Silos. Are . you'getting your share? There .' is another winter coming. Our . beet salesmen are the 15,000 Indiana Silos now in us . SILO PROFIEI'S Written by over two hundred of the best breeders. feeders and farmers in the world. "Tells how they greatly Increased their profits." fierte for this valuable book and our new catalog now—FREE. Licensed under Harder Patent No. 627.732. INDIANA SILO COMPANY The largest manufacturers of Silos in the world. Address nearest factory: as Union Bldg., Anderson. Indiana ” Indiana Bldg. Dee Moines. Iowa “ Sllo Bldg. Kansas City, Mo. 0d A cute wanted evervwhere. r ' i The value of ensilnge for dairy or cattle feeding is known to all. To get results care must be taken in selecting a silo. The BOSS SILO is absolutely guaranteed to produce the right kind of ensilage. Why? Because it IS THOROUGHLY MANUFACTURED and has features that are important and found on the Ross Silo only. Profit by our experience and build a BOSS BILO. Catalog explains all. MIMI Agents Wanted J The E. w. Ross Co.(Est. 1850) SPRINGFIELD, OHIO ._ ‘ Box 14 L. EARLY BUYERS I, “will? llllliiuiilllll" 8 AV E M O N E Y 1: lrfllllllrllllllli lllllllllfillllll EA R N "5.5832373" PAI D illllllllllllllll ALAMAzoomtuilliliilll MICHIGA "llllll, Ill"— lliiill noww New Scientific No. 20 Mill Heavy steel legs and steel hop er. Most cflicient an strongest small owor mill ever built. ill rind cob corn shelle corn, oats an all other small grains to any desired grade. from hominy feed to meal. Fully Guaranteed Eduipped with flywheel, co d rolled steel shaft, end rust ball bearing and inch high carbon grinding plates. Two sets of plates fur- _ nished with each mill. Adapted for use in any locality. We stand back of every claim we make for it. Write for descriptive catalog. THE BAUER BROS. 00.. list 409 Springfield. Ohlo EASIEST RUNNING MILL A Duplex Mill requires 25% less ~ MADE power and will do twice as much work as any other mill of equal size. Grinds ear corn, shelled corn, oats, wheat, kaf- fir corn, cotton seed, corn in shucks, sheaf oats or any kind of grain. There is no mill made that for speed and com- plete grinding equals the Kelly Duplex Grinding Mill Easily operated. Never chokes. 1 sizes. Fully guaranteed. i I. Any power. Especially ad- » * opted for gasoline engines. FREE CATALOG- Duplex Mill 8: Mfg. 00., 801308 Springfield, Ohlo ram: “sun DOG” TEN DA YS FREE You can grind 80 bu. grain to table meal with one galof gasolincd set of rollers will grind 5000 bu. of cob and * corn. “Bull nag" grinding rollers are , only three inches in diunmtcr which accounts for light running. Get our FREE Catalogue and Samples. Address LETZ MF'G COMPANY. ’. ‘ 33E. Road, Crown Polnt,lnd_ um; Dairvmen Take a Look at .. the Strlte Governor Pulley. It's the original and “only thing" for driving cream separators with gasoline engines. ()nco tried, always used. TRY ONE. Ask your dealer for a. “S’l‘ltl’l‘E” or write us direct. Don’t take an imitation. Stnte Governor Pulley Co., 803 80. Third Rt... Minneapolis, Minn. . ”SIIIIAYO for churning purposes. Ship to us. We pay highest market price. Cash on every shipment. Reference-First National Bank of Detrmt. MEDINA COUNTY OREAMERY COMPANY. 74 West Congress Street. Detroit. Mich. H _- . . .L/ mar—mg 5);). VARATQRS As much superior to other separators as other separators to gravity setting The De Laval Separator Co. ' l . THE MICHIGAN FARMER. How TO CHURN WINTER CREAM IN FIVE MINUTES. A few weeks ago I noticed an inquiry in regard to churning winter cream. I will give my plan, which has proven very satisfactory with myself. Scalding milk is not necessary, only see that, your cream is well ripened by setting it near the stove for at least two days before churn- ing. Never try to churn cream less than two days old in winter. When cream is thoroughly ripened add one icuspoonful of baking soda to each gallon of cream, then if you use dash churn set churn on stove over hot fire and proceed to churn. Never fill churn over one-half full of cream. '\\'hen the cream is thoroughly mixed by churning and reaches the proper temperature it will turn to butter, usually in five to 15 minutes, then remove churn to cool place and finish gathering butter with dasher and leave stand for a while until cool enough to work. If barrel, or any churn is used that cannot be set on stove, then regulate with thermometer to 72 degrees, stirring oc— casionally. Always add soda just as you begin churning. Ncwaygo Co. SELLING MILK VS. CREAM. Sunsonmmn. f \Vhen a farmer is deciding whether to ‘, Sell milk or cream he should always take :into consideration his own Special aim in necessary in i farming; the transportation [either case; any by—product, such 11:: i milk from the separator or whey from I the factory; the fertility of his land, etc. The uses for, and worth of, the sepa- rator milk should be compared Willi the ‘whey he could bring home, from a cheese ,ifaetory; or the. skim—milk should be 11d- idcd 1o the, value of the cream when cream to selling milk at a railroad .wr ..»~.-——— is compared Station for city use. Another farmer. to satisfy himself. Weighed a day's milk, credited it with What he received for it at the factory and the whey he brought home, while in charged it with its extra labor, not com-- mon in any cream test, together with the cost of transportation. lie then run the same quantity of milk through a sepa— rator, gave the cream credit for its. cash product, and charged it with all labor tests and the same cost as in the milk test. The difference was eight cents in favor of the milk but he had lo wait for his money, while the cream was paid for on delivery. Generally, not one former in twenty can tell you the truth in the matter. He will sell milk or cream because of certain conditions that may best suit him. in the (use I referred to the fertility of the land was not taken into considera- tion and the by—produci, separator milk, was nto allowed its full woril‘\ ‘ :1 food in my'opinion. The fertili ’" _. the soil is a very important favlol‘fil the con— tinuation of Whichever way is taken to sell the milk. The debt to the soil con- tracted each year by the farmer must be paid \\'hich selling method will allow the farmer to pay that debt? Who knows? “’isconsin. 01.1) AG‘liJCULTUIiIST. The value of skim-milk is greatly un- derestimated by the average farmer. it has a correspondingly increased value in a season like the present, when both grain feeds and forage are. high. For pig feeding, it has been clearly shown that 327 lbs. of milk are equal to 100 lbs. of corn, properly fcd.——lids. abnormally ‘cxlra, besides what was common to both. of transportation : (11) 251 ' Trade Your Old Separator f” a New One Here’s Our We Will Take Your Old Cream Separator as Part Pay- ment for Our Brand New 1912 Economy Chief Positively the Highest Grade, Closest Skim- ming Cream Separator Ever Manufactured. Don't let your old, worn out cream separator stand in the way of your getting a new big business machine like the Economy Chief. The price of butter is high and likely to be higher, and you need a big, close skimming, reliable separator to get the. big profits. We will make you a trade. If you have an old cream separator of any make that is out of repair,hard to run or will not run at all, We will take it off your hands as part payment for a big, brand new Economy Chief. Further- mOre, we will make you a good liberal and fair proposi- tion. Write us at once for particulars. Regular $70.00 Separator FOR ONLY Actual fact! Only $27.65—full and complete purchase price—for the big Economy Chief Cream Separator, absolutely proven by expert tests and ,0... thousands of testimonials to be the closest skimming —— O . Shipped Direct From Factory. That‘s the secret of our amazingly low prices. You only pay one small profit—the actual factory profit. No dealers‘. agents’ or Johlwi's‘ prohis for you to pay whatever. You lizinHlythc roc and mast durable cream separator ever placed on bottom price. Conscqurmtly we can save you from 5‘40le to $50.00 on any capacity machine you want. the market. SKIMMING CAPACITY, 300 POUNDS OF MILK PER HOUR. Furthermore, we will positively ship you the Economy Chief Cream Separator on sixty days’ trial. Give it a good hard test on your farm for sixty days before you decide to keep it. Then if you don’t think it the BEST EVER, simply send it back to us and it won't cost you a cent. Send Today—At Once—For Free Booklet No. 75M75 Be sure to send your name and address at once—today—~for the Economy Chief Booklet ”Tl §5M75 and the full particulars of our great exchange offer and bargain prices. Postal card WI 0. Sears, Roebuck and Co., Chicago, Ill. The Old Silo Troubles Banished—no more heaping; __ painting or repairing. THE IMPERISHABLE SILO is guaranteed. It is made of Patented Hollow Blocks of Vitrified Clay. Storm-proof, decay-proof, expense-proof. The first cost is i the last. No more expensive to erect than a good stave silo and 1 beyond comparison in efficiency and durability. i Being moisture-proof, The lmpcrishable keeps your silage clean and sweet up to the wall. Simple to construct. Every owner recommends The Imperishable. ' Its use is an economy. Send at once for free catalog. NATIONAL FIRE PROOFING COMPANY Agricultural Department A. Huntington, Indiana ‘1 s WITHOUT Write for Free Booklet “How to Raise Calves Cheaply and Successfully Wilhoul Milk" Contains lull information and complete leedmg directions for usmg Blatchford’s Calf Meal —The Perfect Milk Substitute Three or four calves can be raised on it at the cost of one where milk is led. NO mill feed «Th5 only call meal manufactured In an exclusive Calf Meal Factory Established at Leicester, England. in IBQQ. BARTLETT Cd 00., Jackson, Michigan. CL 9:59AM ._.\ NEW YORK CHICAGO SAN FRANCISCO SEATTLE MONTREAL WINNIPEG .252. (12f The Michigan Farmer ESTABLISHED 1843. THE LAWRENCE PUBLISHING CO. EDITORS AND PROPRIETORS. 39 to 45 Congress St. West. Detroit. Michigan. TELEPHONE MAIN 4525. NEW YORK Outer—41 Park Row. . CHICAGO OFFICE—600 First N_at'l_. Bank Building. CLEVELAND 0rr1cs—1011-101'o Oregon Ave. N. E. . GRAND RAPIDS ()rmos——6 a 6 New Hawkins Building. M. ILA—WRENCH. .........................President. M. L. LAWRENCE... . ......... .......Vloe-President‘ E. H. HUUGHTON...........................Seo.-'1‘rens. I. R. WATEBBURY..........................j _ l). E. YOUNG ....... .......... Assoctate BURT WERMUTH.. Editors. ALTA LAWSON LITTELL.... I._—EI—I10UGHTON.... .. ....Businsss Manager TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: Five Years 260 “09,582.“... $2.75 Three Years, 156 copies, Postpaid . . . $2.00 One Year 52 Copies, Postpaid ................................ 1.00 Slx Months 26 copies. Postpaid ........................... to on. Canadian wbscfiptiom 60 cents a year extra for postage. Always send money by draft. postoflice. money order, registered letter or by express. We Will not be re- sponsible for money sent in letters. Address all com- munications to. and. make all drafts. checksanh post- oflice orders payable to, the Lawrence Publishing Co. _ 7M RATE—g—OF onE‘Rnsmo: 40 cents per line agate measurement. or'$5.60 per inch. each insertion. with reasonable discount on orders amountin to $24 or .over. No adv’t inserted for less than 81. per insertion. . ‘ . Oj'No lottery. quack doctor or swmdling advertise- ments inserted at any price. _ _ ' Entered as second class matter at the Detroit. M :chi- gun postoflloe. COPYRIGHT l9l2 by tho Lawrence Pub, Co. All persons are warned again-st reprinting any portion of the contents or this issue Without our written pcrmissmn. WE GUARANTEE to MICHIGAN FARMER immediately upon expiration of time subscribed for. and we will pay all expenses for defending any suit. brought against any subscriber to The Michigan Farmer by the publisher of any farm paper, which has been sent after the time ordered has expired. providing due notice is sent to us, before suit is started. . Avoid further trouble by refusmg 3! to subscribe fOr any farm paper i: which does not print, in each issue. il a definite guarantee to stop on expira— ‘ tion of subscription. The Lawrence Publishing 00., ii Detroit, Mich. stop THE DETROIT, MACH 2. 1912. CURRENT COMMENT. Now lhal so much inlercsl is being munil‘i-slcd in the of building monument roads, and lllc system undcr Road improvement in the United States. IIIHIIEI' which road improvcmcm shall be carried on. some statistics rcccmly made public by tho United Slulcs Hllicc of Public Roads will be of at least passing inlcrcst lo the readcr. Al‘icr an investigation cov— ci'ing several months. Director l’ngc, of the above llillllell oliicc, has usccrluincd lhal there are now 2.139.645 miles of pub- lic roads in the Ilnited States. (If this total iuilcagc of roads 8.66 per ccni huvc bccn pcrmancnlly imprchd in 1901', as compared with 7.14 pcr cent in 1904. 01' such permanently improved I'inllls. lndi~ nun is given credit for the grculcsl milc— zigc, or 24,955 milcs. Ohio is sci-ond with :idlll‘. miles, while New York and “’15- cousin follow with about hull as much. wilh Kentucky, Illinois. (‘ulil'orniu and Massachusetts next in lhc ordcr namcd. Ihc lust named slulc buying :1 total of byllii: miles of imprchd rond<. 'l‘lu- statislics givi-n show that the movcmcnt for improved roads has been on lhc- incrcusc in the country in recent yours. which fucl rcllcchi :in increased scnlimeut in favor of building permanent roads throughout the country. When one into consideration. however. the mileage of the public roads of the country, the proposition becomes bewil- dcring. As illustrating this point, the press bulletin above referred to slates that if a man were cupablo of covering 90 miles per day continually: and started out to traverse all these. roads when it young man of 20, he Would be 85 years old before the task would be completed. II is, of course. obvious that all these roads could not be permancnlly impiovod in many generations, and all the rompers in the country could not be al once ben— clitod by having the road adjacent to their farms improved. Then» is undoubt- cdly some justice in the contention that. the large percentage of farmers who would not be so benefited should not be compelled to pay taxes for the improve— ment of such a percentage of roads as lukcs vast may be permanently improved within their lifetime. Still this is one of the public questions which must be decided from the standpoint of the greatest good to the greatest number, and many of the taxpayers in the cities and villages whose ’ THE -M1(:HIGANFARMER." taxes are increased by the improvement of the roads under the county system will receive no direct benefit from the ex— penditure. 'Yet what benefits a com- munity or section as a whole is undoubt- edly an indirect benefit to all of the cit- izens of that community 0r section of country, and good roads undoubtedly in- crease the value of property which is at all contiguous to them. ' In any event the law does not permit lhe tax for this purpose to be exceed- ingly burdensome, since the amount that can be levied in any one year is placed within reasonable limits by the law. Not- withstanding the apparent injustice to some properly owners in this method of building permanent roads it seems lo be the only practicable way of getting them within a reasonable time. It is, however, a. matter for the majority to decide when the proposilion is referred to the people of any county for approval, and whatever our personal views on the question, they must be subordinated to the will of the majority in accordance with the princi- ples of our republican form of govern- ment. But the adoption of the county road system should in no case be allowed to inlcrferc wilh lhe improvement of all lhc roads of the townships within such county in accordance with the ability of the property owners who pay the local iiiXOS in so improve them. '\\'ilhout ques— tion, the neglect or indifference of the pcoplo of many loculilics to notoriously bad road conditions has done much to develop sentiment for the adoption of a sys‘cm under which lhcre would be sonic semblance of syslcm lo road improve- mcnl. For this if for no other. lhoso who uri- oplmscd lo the adoption of lbe county syslom of road improvc- mcnl should lake, on :chch interest in the rcusonziblc. improvement of the roads in lilo townships in which lhcy livc. I‘C‘JFI Ill. Realizing the im— Bankers Would Aid porlunt relation of Agriculture. agriculture to the prosperity of the country, the Illinois Bankers' Association has instituted a campaign having for its primary objccl the stimulation of the ag— ricultuinl industry of that: sale and of the country. As a result of the suggestion oi": President Ilarris of that association and the approval of the association, that body is working to this end along the following lines: First, to secure better agricultural or farming methods. In addition to direct" Work through the ofiicc of the association. :1 bill has been drawn and presented to congress providing for lield demonstra— lionw under the auspices of the Deparl— mcnt of Agriculture. to bc conducted throughout the country. In addition a. conference of all bankcrs’ associations of olher states was called and the resolution prepared providing for a committee on agricullurc which was adopted by tho American Bankers" Association. Second. to sel ure. agricultural instruc— tion in all country schools of the state. l’rominent educators have been invited to mcct with a commiltcc of the associa— tion to draft a bill along this line for presentation to the legislature. ’l‘hird. To secure belior roads in the slate. In this matter tho co—operation of tho various commercial clubs of the state has, been cnlisted to sccure bellcr road laws for the state. In aditdion to thcsc lines of work hav- ing a (Ill'et'l relation to agriculture, this association has onlisled in an attempt to sccurc better banking laws for the slate and secure state supervision for all banks, 'l‘hcy have also culislcd in the promotion of sentiment for the enactment of legis— lation similar to the “blue sky” law of Kansas, as a means of protecting inno— ccnl investors from “gel rick quick” schemers and their worthless securities, and last. but not least. among the objects sought by this body is by publicity to further inculcate among the citizens of the state the desirability and necessity for habits of thrift and saving and sane invcslmcnls. This is mcnlioncd, nol alone. because of the commendable nature of the work un— dertaken, but as well to illustrate the growing importance of agriculture in the business of the country, and the general recognition of the fact that it is the basic industry on which the prosperity of the country must rest by up-to-dale business men and financiers. ’ Two bills which have an important bearing on ag- riculture through their effect on the marketing of agricultural products are now pending Agriculture in Congress. in congress. One of these is a bill intro- duced by Representative Callaway, of Texas, the purpose of which is to prevent the dealing in "futures" of any farm pro— duct. This bill is said to be draWn along the lines of the French law for this pur- pose, and seeks to control the dealings in futures by making it a misdemeanor to send or transmit any message offering to contract for the purchase or sale of cot- ton, grain or any other farm product for future delivery without intending that such product shall be actually delivered or received, or offering to enter inlo any such contract whereby any party thereto acquires the right to demand lhc future acceptance or delivery of such farm pro- duct without specifying the grades to be delivered and without being obliged to accept or deliver such product. Penalties are provided for the violation of the pro- visions of the bill either by the sender of the message Or the transmitter of samc, whclher by telegraph or telephone. wireless telegraph, cable or other means of communication. This measure is known as I'lousc Resolution 19799; Another bill affecting the marketing of farm products has bcen introduced by Senator Hoke Smith, of Georgia, which provides for the establishment of a (li— vision in the bureau of statistics to be known as the Bureau of Markels. The, purpose. of this division as proposed by the bill is to invcsligzile the systems of markcling farm products, co-operalive and otherwimu in practice in various sec- lions of the l'nited Slates and in foreign countries. The inl‘ormulion thus collected is inlendcd id be disseminated by moans of bullelins, special agents of the burcuu or other means. In addition to this linc of work it is inlendcd under ihc bill that this (liVlsion will investigate the dcmund for farm products in the various centers, togclhcr with the normal supply and tho price for sumo. with a View of furnishing rcliablc information regarding tho best available marlicts for such products. This is known as Scnulc Bill 5294. The significant importance of those measurcs will be appreciated by every reader, and the propositions involved may well be mode tho subject of discussion and consideration at farmers’ meetings throughout the slate. The last mentioned bill in particular should be of far-reach- ing importance in furnishing accurate in- formation which would be helpful to the farmers of the country in finding an ad?- qunle solution of the, marketing problem, which is onc of the most important of the many practical problems with which they arc confronted. A press notice The Ground Water Level recently circu- and Agriculture. lated by the United States Department of Agriculture treats of the between 'thc agricull nrc. rchllion and ground water level After a discussion of tho sources of water available to growing crops, in which that falling in the form of rain und that stored in the soil which is available through capillary attraction are mcnlioncd, lhis document takes up the mailer of the level of soil watcr in scvcral slates, among which is Michigun. It appcars lhul through correspondence a census of rcprcsentative wells and springs. including cvery county in the I'nilcd Slales, was undertaken, to deter— mine the relalive level of the ground water. In this manner it was asccrtniued thal the. mean water level in 794 Mich- igan wells lowercd 2.2 feet during an av- erage period of 18 ycars. ’l‘he rcached r'alher rcmarkabie from this investigation, as an- nounced in thc press report abOVo re- ferred to is that in country which has been settled for a quarter of a century or more there has been a decided lower- ing of the ground water lcvel, “with. of conclusion course, a corresponding increase in the danger of crop loss through drought.” Many Michigan Farmer readers will doubtless be of the opinion that had these investigations been continued during the fall of 1911, these investigators would have found that tho levcl of the “ground water" in Michigan was raised nearly as much during the wet period of two months as it was lowered during the much longer period which is assumed 1o be. covered by this investigation. Also, many will be in doubt as to the reliability of data touching the depth of the ground water as indicated by Michigan springs and wells for the period indicated. The many spring lakes in Michigan are, per- haps. as accurate an indication of the level of the ground water in our state as could be secured. and while the level "of these bodies of water is affected consid- erably by the nature of the seasons, the needed to 1‘ IM‘ARCHRZ, 1912. 5' limits of suph fluctuations are fairly con— ' stant. and o'ldhigh, as well as low, water marks are periodically reached in the varying: seasdns. Be that as it may, however, the farmers of Michigan are vitally interested in the control of'the soil water in the upper strata of soil, and should use the means at hand to this end by tile drainage where rid the surface soil of an ex- cess of moisture in wet seasons; and by incorporation of vegetable matter in the soil to make it more retentive of moisture in dry seasons, to the end that better av- erage crop yields may be secured in our varying seasons. _ s. B. HARTMAN. S. B. Hartman, of Athens, Calhoun county, Mich, for some years a regular contributor to tho columns of the Mich- igan Farmer. died suddenly of hearl fail- ure in the city of Ann Arbor. on Febru- ary 20, 1912. Mr. Hartman had been suf- fering for some time from a nervous breakdown. and had gone to Ann Arbor for lrealmcnt a few days before his sud—, den and untimely death. Mr. Hartman owned and operated the modern farm known as ifNottawa Valley Fruit Farm.” Simon B. Hartman. and was one of the most noted and suc- cessful young horticulturists of the state. lie was also vice-president of the Athens State Bank, a member of the local school board and an active Grange worker. Mr. Hartman. was one of thc first graduates of M. A. C. to receive the degree of “Ag- ricullurist.” He was 36 years old, and is survivod by a widow and four small chil— dren. Ills loss will be felt in agricultural circles throughout Michigan, as well as by his large circle of personal friends. _ HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK. National. A nurse in a Brooklyn hospital con— fesses to killing eight infants. Twelve infants recently died at the institution from poisoning. it is believed that the nurse is insane. The final arguments in suits began 20 years ago in Spokane and other inter— mountain cities against railroads that gave lower rates from the east to Pacific ports than to thc inter-mouritain are. now being made before Slules Supreme Court. March 12 is the date set for the ar- raignment of the 38 men charged with conspiracy in the dynamite case growing out of the confession of tho McNamara Brothers at Los Angeles, Cal., to dyna— mltlng the Times Building at that place. The bodies of seven mou have been re- moved from the Lchigh coal mine at Colgate. Okla. Two men are still misr- ing. The accident was caused by a fire. Col. Roosevelt has announced that he will accept the nomination as candidatc for the presidency of the United States from the republican party, providing it is tendered to him. - Traffic was generally delayed by recent snow storm which covered prac- tically the whole state. The few days of warm weather preceding the storm had enabled the railroad companies to move consulcrablc of the freight collected in yards during the long cold spell and to greatly relieve the demands being made upon coal dealers for fuel. The special session of the Michigan leg- islature, called to enact a. law providing for presidential preference primaries, with immediate effect, and a. worklngmen’s compensating .law, is now convened at Lansing. The authorities are having trouble keeping order in Lawrence, Mass, where the textile workers are out on strike. This is the seventh week since the strike be— gan. On Monday 100 weavers at New Bed- ford walked out because the operators refused a 10 per cent advance in wages, causing the closing of the mill. - ’ (Continued on page 261). the Ullilcd the Places » LITERATURE POETRY HISTORY ane INFORMATION ‘7 t l |\ V, i,\\ /‘ <3 la. 77w FARM BOY an? GIRL SCIENTIFIC an? MECHANICAL This Magazine Section toms a part of our paper twice a month. Every article is written especially for It and does not appear elsewhere ‘A STATE-WIDE SPELLING MATCH. BY EDGAR WHITE. ARDLY less important than the dawning political campaign in Missouri. is the state-wide spell- ing match inaugurated by Superintendent XVilliam P. Evans to discover the cham- pion speller among the public school pu- pils 0f the commonwealth. The question uppermost is, will he or she be from the country or the city schools? It has been asserted that teachers in the towns and cities do not attach the importance to good spelling that prevails in the district schools. In Macon county, where three matches haVe been held to select a cham- attcnd the county match, every has been a pupil in a district although in the line were contest- ants from the towns of Macon, the coun- ty seat; from La I’lata, a large railroad town, and from New Cambria. In Macon live of the contestants Wcre from the large central school, but the winner was Miss Ruby Daniels. a ten—ycar-old girl who goes to a little one-room school in the back country. It cannot be said that there is a grow- ing demand in the business world for good spellers, That demand has always existed. It is rather a growl from the men who have cause to employ clerks and amanuenses at the laxity in the. teaching of spelling that has led to a trusade for improvement in that branch. pion to winner SChOOi, busy man who had occasion to seek a new stenographer. was confront— ed l‘" a pretty, blue-eyed applicant, with be—ribboned diploma from some business eollt-g 0 under htr arm. “And how about Miss?” he asked. “Oh, I‘m never bothered spelling,” she frankly replied. In truth_ she wasn't. It was the who suffered. The ,Ir‘riday nit, ht literary and spelling match at the oil—lighted country school- house is turning out a class of students who are having an important bearing in the, world’s work. Many a man who has helped largely In shaping the destiny of America received there his inspiration and his self-confidence. And from there will come, in all probability. the one who A very yoursicrw-spelling, about my 1;: o s s will wear the proud title of the “(Tham- pion Spoiler of Missouri." \Vay back yondcr, when Missouri was much younger, they had spelling bees in the little log schoolhouse in the village of Hannibal. In the line-up was “Mark Twain.“ a rattling good speller, they say, one of the county is giving valiant “revival.” L. l’rot‘. superintendents support to the spelling 0. Cross, who but he was defeated by a comrade, a few years older, “Buck” Brown, now Dr, J. B. Brown, who yet lives at: Hannibal. When a “Mark Twain” historian visited Hannibal not long since, of course he saw “Doc” Brown, and of course “Doc” 1Brown, with a quiet gleam of exultation, told about that match in which he had defeated “Sam.” and of that glorious tvening when he was "cock of the walk" at that school. The object of the state spelling bee is to revive interest in the art of spelling The county superintendents, at their last meeting in Jefferson City, discussed the question of spelling, and the general opin- ion was that there are fewer good spell— ers in the public schools of Missouri to— day than ever before in the state's his— tory. Several reasons were assigned for the decadence in the, art of spelling the principal one being the absence of the old-fashioned method of oral spelling For a great many years a district school teacher, Speller.” known as “l’rof. D. Jones, the Boss worked single—handed and Dr. .I. 1}, Brown, who defeated IVIark Twain in a youthful spelling match. lie is 85 and yet lives at Ilannibal. trying to, the year, during alone in keeping alive, or interest, in spelling Every the fall sometime. he would issue a challenge to the world to spell against him. This went: on for 30 years, and l‘rof Ioncs declares he was nchr de— feated in a match that conformed to rules, which were, that the contestants spell four hours. each receiving ilve. same words and writing them down, the one missing the most words being, of course, the loser. llowevcr, on March 2, 33:02, there was a match for he benefit of the Baptist (lhurch, at Lan— caster public school. l‘rof. Jones was there and several others. In the line was John Scott, .lr., a small, quiet man, and when “ret’ronnoitei”‘ llcw off the bat 'l‘rot'. Jones reached for it but matted, and the modest Mr. Scott caught it before it struck the groan]. lic was given the medal. The. professor claimed. though, that be spelled more words correctly at that match than did his rival. Defeated or no. l’rol‘. .Iones' long and earnest campaign for better spelling is bet'tiing fruit. lie is still teaching a dis- trict school up in Schuyler county, and he hammers into all his pupils the absolute necessity of good spelling, and it is a pretty good guess that some of them will be represented in the state match. The winner in the state match will re- his spelling ccive, beside the honored title of cham— pion speller, $100 in gold. The second best speller will get $50 in gold and the third $25 in the same metal. Then each county champion will receive a handsome prize, donated locally. In Macon county the school furnishing the champion will receive a $10 library, and the champion will get a gold medal costing $10. In all the matches held in Macon coun- ty the girls greatly outnumbered the boys, although the enrollment shows the sexes pretty evenly divided. This would indicate that the girls are giving more attention to the subject than their broth- ers. lt used to be the boys who held the he id in the spelling matches, unless they had sweetheart s whom they were too loy— al to spell down III telling how handled In the Prof. J. K. Cox, who for a long time at- tended and afterwards taught the, origi— nal school in Middle Fork township, Ma- con county, said to a meeting of t \achers: “0n the, first day of school it was the custom of the teacher to read before the .5cholars a long list of written rules which were to govern during the term. 'l‘hcre Were as many articles and subdivisions in these rules as in the ’tevised Statutes, and they \\‘c"e broken about as frequent— ly. I rcmembcr one severe law decreed were (lays, these matters log—schoolhouse ‘ reputed to haVe beaten “Ross Spoiler” in a Mo. .Iohn Scott. .lr,. 'I’l‘ot‘. i). Jones, the match held at Lancastcr. that ‘boys and girls shall not be allowed to play together; the boys must play on one side, of the house and the girls on the other.’ " \ crossing of the dead line by either sex might mean a severe flogging or a lcng stay after school tr Iv; tiling with arithmetic, according to the method of the. It,‘tt('i1tl‘. t“ “l’cnmanship and spclling were treated {is'urts by the pioneer school teacher, and he followed all sorts of schemes to inter— est the scholars~~thcre were no pupils then-in them. “It “'21,: while, the spelling fever was at the boiling height in our school that l contracted my first distressing love. ller name was something , many came after have, really oittn her last wand i thought coin—colored hair purc gold and that stars had to go to her eyes in— to illuminate the ('1lSt‘ .lcnnic, that I name so ittl'h hcr lilt- spiration for earth. Of course, I had a rival, a slim, smooth—talk- ing fellow who had been reared about Hannibal and who had about him the fascinating air of having seen a real city. “'0 thought ‘Mark ’l‘wain’s’ Village on the, Mississippi a wonderful place then, something like we regard Chicago and New York now. My rival's name was Bob Iiatliam, and he not only made me lose sleep about Jennie, but he was some, pumpkins as a speller. I rather prided myself on my ability in that line, and so did Miss .lennie in a mild way. ()V t‘ 1‘ “Bob had been beating my time fiercely for nearly a week when the master noti— tied us that he was going to close the winter term with a big spelling match and give the Winner a medal. Glory be to youth! Never (lid We work so hard to prepare ourselves with the old blue book. At noon on the day of the combat, Bob, Jennie and I were still on the firing line, \"tl ll? , how you or your boy can take only 5 acres, if you don’t want to try more. and make $3.000 11w! profit this year! No matter what you know about ' onions. Iwill tell you how you can do just what I say you can, with GR.\NDPA’S PRIDE GLOBE ONIONS, raised the Gi’lberlszm Way! And I won’t charge you one cent for this information. Don’t turn over this page before making a note to Write Today! BOX 759, MASON CITY, IOWA from 40 acres! ’t prove to your N, Kmp Kranlt I ' / % Wmaniiilflcr Neale _ At: Home and Eluewf) (7; What Kind of Old Two old ladies are neighbors, and as sometimes happens, they furnish a topic for conversation to all their friends, though for vastly different reasons. One suffeis from that terrible disease, cancer. There is absolutely no hope for her, many physicians and surgeons have told her that. She suffers all the pain which goes with her trouble, added to the certainty that her days are num- bered. But she is the most cheerful woman you would want to meet. Always when you see. her she, is smiling. There is never a. sigh, a moan of pain, a com- plaint, a murmuring against God, a hint or suspicion of trouble. She never talks about herself. never feels for sympathy, or asks for help. Always her thought is for others. No one must be int-outmoded because she suffers. ller grip on life is still tirm, ller interest in the big world and her little. individual world as keen as before trouble came home to her. She is the marvel of everyone who knows her, a constant inspiration to many who art trying to overcome lesser troubles. The other old lay suffers from a still more, terrible disease, “self." She really hasn't much to bother her. nothing more than the ordinary run or mortals. iller husband died recently and her children have married and gone away. A business venture turned out badly, but did not leave her in want. and she had a boil on her llt‘t‘k last week. llut to hear her talk you would think God had singled her out to pour upon her all the vials of his wrath. She t:t?ks of nothing but her troubles, which she declares are greater titan any other mortal was ever called upon to endure. No one else ever lost such a noble husband, no other mother was ever called upon to see such re— lined, cultured. highly educated children married to such common. ordinary inor— tals as her children picked out. That Fl March is the month \\hen many things will indicate that the busy, outdoor st-:I- son is at hand and givt- warning that any of the things left undone during January and February should be done, at once. if it seems desirable to divide or trans- plant hcavy shrubs or vines because they are. outgrowing their space and becoming ill-shaped. or to increase the stock of a. certain variety. the Work should be dono this month if the soil thaws to permit the. digging necessary. The earlier this work is (little the lltlllUl' it \\‘ill be (lollt‘. as the. settling of the soil during the spring will bring it closely around the roots where the forming rootlets can “take hold" of it: and make use ol‘ the still elements needed by the plant. \\‘hcn doing this work the tops should be cut back to balance the roots and, cycn when this has been done. it is a wise precaution to stake the plants until well established, and prevent the swaying of the tops keeping the roots loose in the soil. Although the lawn may seem a far- fctched topic to introduce in a lloral talk, a velvety, well cared for. lawn has an or- namental value beyond that of tlowers and in order to secure it certain things must be. attended to this month. if fer— Iilizcr was spread during the winter the «parse litter may be raked off now. leav- ing the finer stuff to rot where it is. but if none has been applied it should be done this month and then raked off after one or two heavy showers. As sot‘n as pos» sible after the removal of the coarse t‘er- tilizer go over the lawn with a titan-pow— er roller to firm the roots after the spring heaving, as well as to get a smooth sur— face for mowing. if the season advances rapidly enough that weeds can be recog- nized, let their removal be a part of the work of the month and be sure to put a pinch of grass seed where tvery weed is taken out. . Comparatively few farm wives (except- ing those who have a market stall), look to the flower garden for pin money. yet, if living within reasonable distance of any large town it may be made to yield ...‘.. .._w.......,_ . ... 22g Lady Will You Be? $500 she lost has assumed the propor— tions of the national debt, to her mind, and she is trying to save it all back out of her interest money. \Vhen she had the boil on her neck she had every daugh— ter and daughter-in-law by her side and kept them all on the jump in an effort to keep her quiet. 'llveryonc marvels at this woman, too, and she inspires many to be as different as possible. There are two young women in the same neighborhood, who are types in their way. One is jolly, calm, self’controlled and interested in others. if it rains to- day she is sure it will shine tomorrow. if the work is not done today, there is an- other day coming, and anyway, life was made to enjoy. The other young woman goes around v.ith a small line between her eyes and her mouth drawn tightly down. if it rains (-11 wash day she knows there. is. going to be a second ilood. if the. chil- dren haVe a cough she gets ready for whooping cough. if her husband wants to spend live dollars to give the family a good tl‘ilt‘, site sees herself ending her days by the ,poorhousc lire. livery litl‘e trial that comes to her is magnified ten- fold. (fan you see which sort of old woman the young women are to make? The sel— ilsh ltaitits of the young woman are oV(r— looked in part now because site is still young and able to take care of herself. But the. habits she is forming now are making the character she will have. to tndure as an old lady. The cantankerous «ml woman of today was the quick tem- pert d young woman of yesterday, just as the cheerful, even tempered old lady was the jolly, eompanionable lass of the days agone. What. sort of old lady do you want to be? it is for you to decide now. DEBORAH. oral Work for MarCh~By Eva Ryman-Gaillard. a considerable income if the plants are selected with that object in view. A few branches of fv'trsythia (golden bells): spiiea; lilac, or any other early {hovering shrub will tind ready purchasers. The golden dailies will bring returns as gol- den as their color; sweet peas, asters. golden glow, coreopsls, giadioli, cosmos. “mums," or any easily grown ilowers can be easily disposed of if a few simple re— ouirements are attended to. The ilowers should be of one, or at mo ”i v. I WM” ‘ r0 .. outrun m 5M I .3 \ be ““8. 4V" if Why llol'llave llle Best Light? Here it Is! STEELIAN'I'IEMNliRS Odorless, Smokeless. make the home cheerful and bright: Thee times as. much light as an ordinary burner. Every One guar- anteed. Just what. you need! If your dealer. does’nt keep them send his name and address with your name and addressi and we will mail you as many as you wish at 25c , each. Agents Wanted everywhere. THE STEEL MANTLE LIGHT 00. 292 Huron St, Toledo, Ohio Indy-Hind Hunts & Bern PAINT. Highest Quality ever sold direct to the con- sumer. All middlemen's pro- fits saved. Write for FREE Color Card, Price List and Booklet which tells the whole story. YUMA PAINT CO. I“ E. Nomi M... nsytnn. ll. "'10 DAYS FREE Till! .~ -We ship on approval without a cent _ deposit frei ht Prepaid. DON’T . '— PAY A. C NT f you are not satisfied .“‘.\I ni’ter using the bicycle :0 days. (it ‘ . no NOT put assures: fl Minoan: prwe until you receive our latest .. All} on dogs illustrating every kind of lave learned our unheard art bicycle. and qf and marvelous new ofl‘ers. ouEGEI is all it will cost you to write a postal and every- thing will be sent you free poetpaid by : return mail. You et much valuable information. Do not t, write it now. RES. Coaster - Brake rear Alan 0701.: on. Debt. m. calcium EMPIRE FENC—E Get the genuine EMPIRE big wire fence, directs": wholesale. Save dealer's profits. Big Factory, Big Sales. 23 Styles No traveling salesmen small expense, prices low. Every thing guannteed. Free samples by mail. Prices of leading styles freight pre- paid to nil points north of the Ohio and east of the Mississippi River :— Wlm helium Modly . Weight mm hoovy(nllNo.9) 9 89 «on. .~'rod 36c per rod 10 17 Silo per rod 40c per rod 12 55 32¢ per rod uc per rod Speclal rates beyond this territory. BOND STEEL POST (20.. 16 E. Ian-u Stu Adrian. Mich. Snve Money by using Kent Galvanized Steel Fence Posts Better than wood. cement or any other metal posts. Free catalog tolls why. Holds any wire fence. With adjustable base line posts may be driven, {anchored or concreted. Six loot posts 25 cents. Direct from mill ‘ to buyer. STEEL FENCE POST 00., Kent, Ohio. THE sum WIRE SPLICE! Will wrn with ease the largester wire in the nor- rowest space in a woven fence. Sample b mail post. paid for 50 cents. (Continued from page 252). The interstate commerce commission is giving a. hearing to express companies and complainants to learn the financial condition of the concerns and their earn- ings. Foreign. The principality of Rudolstadt is the first state of Germany to be ruled by the socialists. The Chamber consists of 16 members, nine of whom belong to the above party. It; is stated that the Haitian rebels ai- tacked Monte Christi but were repulsed by the federal troops. The rebel forces suffered a number of fatalities. The Mexican revolt is spreading, it be- ing reported that the rebels are now in fairly good control of the northern por- tion of the country. Genera] Trevino, of Chihuahua, has joined forced with Gen- eral Orozco. Their combined strength will enable the rebels to take a strong posi’ition against the federal forces. The citizens of El l’aso have appealed to the department at Washington for protection. The appeal asks that troops be sent into Mexican territory to put an end to hos- tilities. This, however. the government is not in a position to do. It is reported that Spanish troops have occupied Arzilla, a fort ten milcs south of Tangier on the Moroccan coast. President Yuan, of the Chinese “repub— lic, has agreed to move to Nankin and accept it as the capital. thus harmonizing his position with that of the National Assembly. It is not stated when the president will arrive at the new capitol. He is still at I’ekin. The action of Spanish troops in taking Arzila on the Moroccan coast has aroused tho French people. who will now be loss inclined to enter into an ngrcemonl loo];- ing toward the peaceful settlement of affairs in northern Africa. l‘remicr Asquith, of Great Britain. is planning for the governmcnt in temporar- ily iakc over the Coal mines of tho coun< try and operate them in the event of a general strike which is bcinp; consii'lcred by the unions. Emperor Nicholas of Russia. has con— firmed the regulation of the :Ldmirully under which a commandcr is compellcd l0 dcsiroy his warship instcud of sur- rendering it to the enemy, Americans are leaving Mexico as rap- idly as they can. The Mcxicens of the rum] districts are seemingly ill—disposal towards the Amcricans, who do not feel safe to remain longer in that country. CATALOG NOTICES. “’l‘ho (‘batliam System of Breeding Big (‘i-ops.” is the title of a. handsomcly il— lustrated 30-page booklet published by thv Manson Campbell C0,. Detroit, Mich. This booklet tells all about the, modern seed selection, and in addition gives il— lustrations and descriptions of various types of fanning mills and seed graders manufactured by this company for use in the work of selecting tho host of farm seed from the stock of grain growu upon the farm. The booklet contains much information of practical value to every farther. \\'ri1o them for copy at once. mentioning this papcr. “Better Farm Implements and How to Use Them.” is the title of a catalog con— taining 150 large-812ml pages, sent by the John Dcm'c Plow Co, of Moline, lll. in this catalog the complete line of goods manufactured by the John Dem-o Com— pany are fully illustrated and described. Their line includes not only plows of all kinds and for all purposes, but other im- plements, such as farm cultivalors, liar- rows, corn planters, disks, alfalfa culti- vators. seeders, hay loaders, hay rakes. mowers, slackers, corn cutters and shell— ers, etc. Mention the Michigan Farmer when writing to the Deere Company for A cut: wanted. ree illustrated circular. g A. B. PROBASOO. Lebanon. 0. a copy. THE MICHIGAN FARMERJ (21) 261 i #/ o “IE! “M3“ M‘\\ M‘“ Mylkfivlfv’NYk’a “i If i l L — fennel; 3.1395 - l 2]-- GENUhl‘lE; _ FARMS fenced With Steel have practically no waste. Corn, fed to the lard hog; barley fed to the bacon hog—thogs that are grown the country over—bring dol— lars from packer and butcher. ’v Double your pork production without increasing the cost. Use alfalfa, clover, peas, root crops, all raw products of the farm. A liberal equipment of woven wire fence allows the hogs gradually to clean up field after field, adding to their weight Without effort and without price. See the nearest dealer in American Fence. MERICAN FENCE most flexible and wear-resist- ”./ is made of large, stiff ing. Square mesh feiiceuof wires, galvanized heavily, weight, strength and durabil- ii i, 2-1. ’/ I ~- I // . having the American hinged ity—three great needs in farm . 'l m/ joint (patented), a. fabric fences. ll , 1 > ! . ““l .4 Dealers in Every Place where farm supplies are sold. Shipped to them direct from mills in carioad lots. thus saving freight charges and enabling dealers to sell at lowest prices. giving buyer the benefit. Sand for copy of “American. Fence News" also bun}: ".‘Inw to Make the Farm Pay." profusely illustrated, dc- voted to the interest of farmers amt showing hnwfencc may be employed to enhance the sarniny/pnzncr of a farm. hmiahodfm «pun appltcatio‘n. F. Bafltlit‘fl. Vice Pros. a: (in. Sales Agt. . AMERICAN STEEL I; WIRE CO. Chicago, 72 Adams St.; New York, 80 Church St. ; Denver; U. 8. Steel Products (‘0.. San Francisco, loos Angeles, Portland, Seattle. A men'c‘a 1; Steel Fence Past Cheaper than [food and More Durable. Get s ' r A St lion Eat - FREIGHT PA'D lWexbept ’ls‘egtfagflbl'flig. 0010.. N. D.. S. 1).. Wyo., Mont. N. M.. 1.21., 63., A121,, Miss. and Fla., on all orders of three rolls or more. Special Prices to these States on request. nun-PL! - - - - Weighs 35 lbs” 108 Square Feet. 31.10 per roll- TWO-PLY - - - Weighs 45 lbs., 108 Square Feet, .130 per roll. THREE-FLY - Weighs 55 lbs” 108 Square Feet, 01.50 per roll. TERMS CASH: We save you the wholesalers’ and retailers’ profit. These specml prices only hold good for immediate shipment. .lndestrjuctible in Heat, «Gold, Sun E “gig Write for F R E E SAMPLES or order direct from this advertisement. Sntistnction guaranteed or money refunded. We refer you to Southern Illinois National Bank. CENTURY MANUFAGfURIIG COMPANY. Dept. 207 , East St. Louis, Ills. i 70 TONS' OF CORN FROM ONE ACRE Ensilage Corn and won our $50 gold prize for heaviest yield leaveswgreatest number of ears. the result of long time breeding. Mrs. H. Will Harris of Michigan planted Eureka —over 70 tons to the acre. Eureka Corn grows tallest-dials most ' trough to Feed Seven Cows or One Year ROSE BROS. 00., Worcester, Mass. The Eureka. Ensilage (‘orn seed bought of you was the finest corn for Ensilagc ever grown in Michigan. (‘orn is fine, too. One lder and corn and over 100 bushels of good car corn. grew 70 tons and soc pounds, which won your prize. From these two acres we have kept. 5 cows. 4 llol‘NfS, a. number of hogs. geese, ceding. Com grew from ls to 20 ieet high and had from 3 to 5 curl of good com. lavex‘ytlnng eats it as if it. won: sweet acre grew over 60 tons of let etc. and still i' corn—cattle. horses, hogs, geese, etc. Plant Eureka Ensilage Com this year and do the same as Mrs. Harris. 8100 Gold Prize for Heaviest Yield. Sheffield Prize Flint Corn still holds the record em for them 80 $10.00. second prize $6.00 and third prize $4.00. In case of a tie, prizes will be eq lacing orders early for there is not enough to go around. bar we book tells er kindaoloorn. Itisneeand wxll besent pmpmif yonask (or it.‘ nllnboutthegewond m1 Why plant: your whole lan- when you can fill your 200 ton silo from four acres The four nastiest acres reported last season from the .. . competitors (or our prize were: Vi ildbank, Adrian, Mich., Nov. 9. ’11, 70 tons 800“!- \\'e also grew two acrcs of this corn: one of these 40 tons 360 lbs- rom '2‘o'o-t'on. "ss'Tsl'. You can do this 1! you plant the right seed. MRS. H. WILL HARRIS. Equally divided in case of tie. Yirnefrs announced at New England Com Show. Boston. Nov. 20-24. 1912. Prices low—write to-day blished in 1910 of 128.8 bus 0 s o cri dry corn from one acre. This is the world' * d f ' ' ' I won first [nine sndoihe only first prize in 1910 at. the New England Corn Show for the heavnrst yield of corn from one acre. Sill-1 FFIE lillréll‘tlirlll'i‘t‘” Fhm com. Sheffield “mt Corn ens CORN won the first and sweepstakes Flint mm at the M”g_ Corn Show in 1911. Wc offer $20.00 in ’old for the best 10 cars to be exhibited at the Worcester Horticultural Show, Oct. 10, 1912; firat fize y diVided. On account of the early frost our stock of this variety is limited. We therefore use ROSS BROS. (20.. 37 Front 81., Worcester, Mass. n i Name and address brings Snnxle Oats Free. For Me we will send big packet. For 5c we will poem three times 26c m- l prepaid. The empty packet Will be accepted. suns as cash, FOR \ send packet three times dim. size. For 50c 6‘"my Bros-Bowman company' to npply on your future orders. .Will you joinciour Fighting Campaign for More and Better Oats? We want every farmer to know about: our Pure Bred, Big, Hardy, imported Seed Oats wn on the new Virgin soil of our 1 920 acre Conadian Seed Farm. Customers in U. S. last . ear raised 75 to ill bushels per acre from our seed. _ hat kind of Seed Oats are on g ing to now in 1912? ‘ 1. Pure, Big, Northern-Grown —A- -S that germinate nearly lM—v1gorous—herdy—full of life—or common. inbred " “run-out” Oats that tell the same old story of a aogat threshing time? Write for our Won- derful Free ats Book, " Money in Oats and How to Grow Hem". full of priceless information and ex- pert adwce, costing thousands of dollars to complete and Generous Free Sample of our Imported Regener- SwedlnhSeleot Canndnn Seed Oats 342 I0 Galloway Station. Waterloo. lawn Red Cross Dynamite Doubles Yields oi corn, cotton, cere- als, and all fruits and vegetables. Ordinary plowing turns over the same shal- low top-soil year after year, forming a hard and nearly impervious ‘ ‘ plow sole ’ ’ that lim- its the waterholding capacity of the land and shuts out tons per acre of natural plant food. Dynaniiting the subsoil makes this plant food available, aerates the soil, protects vegetation against both drouth and excess rainfall, and soon repays its cost in saving of fertilizer expense and largely increased yields. There is a new and better farm right under the old one. Subsoiling with Red Cross Dynamite gives you 6 feet of top soil instead of 6 inches. Write for Free Booklet To learn how pro- gressive farmers are using dynamite for removing stumps and boulders. plant- ing and cultivating fruit trees, regener- ating barren soil. ditching, draining. excavating and road- making, ask for New F arms For Old." No. 100 DU PONT POWDER C0. PIONEER POWDER MAKERS or AMERICA WILMINGTON, DEL. A Drill Seeder. a Hill Seeder. a Double Wheel Hoe and a Single Wheel Hoe are all combined in Iron Age. our No. 6. It ' accurately any thickness desired. Shut-oi} on handle. brus agitator in hopper. ngeable instantly from Drill to Hill er or reverse. Drops 4 to 24 inches. as desired. Changed to Wheel Hoe in three minutes. is but one of complete line that fits the needs and purse of every gardener. Can be purchased In simplest form and added to as difierent attachments are needed. it does perfectly all work after breaking up of garden. You should see this tool. Aslr your dealer to show it. rite us tor special booklets. Complete Ilns of arm, garden and orchor tools. BATEMAN M'F’G co. . Box 1042 custom. N. J. - Satisfaction , Guaanteed Users 0. K. Are Reliable OUR PRICES AND QUALITY ARE RIGHT Our 0. K. Champion Planter makes and saves the owncr money. One man and team plant five or six acres of potatoes a (lay. lnvostiguto our line of potato diggers, etc. Write for our free catalog today. Dealers sell our machines. Champion Potato Machinery 00. I45 Chicago Ave.. Hammond, Ind. LIGHTNING mm 81/» PER roar Best Quality Copper—Extra Heavy Cable Don’t do a. thing about buying Light. t‘ ning Rods until you get my Proposition. I on Need Our hampion F our- ow Sprayer Y C R {l l , l ’,. l i have an entirely New Plan—a complete I , System direct to you with full instruo- , H , tions torinstaliing. Easy to put up. ,1‘.‘ . Buy Direct-0n Trial—Freight Prepaid. ' j . System guaranteed satisfactory or your .‘ , » mone back. Just write man. poatafiper- ' ‘ sonall’y for our Proposition and EE ‘ Catalog which makes ever thing plain. J. A. sog'r'r, Pros dent The J. A cott Company Depth. Detroit.ltch. ‘TH‘E‘ MICHIGAN 'FA‘RMER. PRACTICAL SCIENCE. THE MAINTENANCE OF FERTILITY. BY FLOYD W. ROBISON. We have discussed, somewhat briefly, it is true, the sources of the ingredients which go to make up commercial fer- tilizers, and outlined a desirable method to pursue in buying on the markét com- mercial fertilizers. Without going into greater detail at this time regarding so- called commercial fertilizers, we shall now discuss as briefly as is consistent with clearncss, the role of animal ma- nures. or barnyard manures, in the main- tenance of the fertility of the soil. The basis of farmyard. or stable ma- nures, is the excrement of the domestic animals, sometimes solid, sometimes both liquid and solid excrement, depending to a considerable degree upon the thrift of the individual farmer in conserving, es- pecially tho liquid portion. Probably as great evidence of the thrift of any com- munity of farmcrs is shown by the thor— oughness with which the animal manures produced on the farm are conservcd. In driving through the country this condi- tion is Vcry noticeable indeed, especially at this particular time of the year when, due to the severe cold and the general inclcmcncy of the weather, the animal mauurcs have not bcen removed to the fields and have been stacked in the barn- yard and under the caves of the barn and in discarded places. Basis of Manure is Food Consumed. Of course, the basis of all animal ma- nuares is the food consumed by the ani- mal. In so far as the solid excrement of animals is concerned, this product con- sists practically of the undigested resi- dues of the food. together with certain of the final products, the rcsults of the di- gestion of food. The amount of fertiliz- ing ingredients present in this solid eX- crement depends, therefore. largely upon the percentage of digestibility of the food consumed by the animal; The digested portion of the food is represented in the main by the liquid excrement of animals and consequently if to the solid portion the liquid portion is added, the approxi- mate original composition of the food is thus arrived at. A surprisingly small amount of work has been done by the various experiment stations on the ques- tion of either the conservation of farm manurcs 01' the subject of the waste of farm manurcs, both of which topics pre- sent an abundant field for investigation. An Actual Experiment. At the Ohio station a series of experi- ments were conducted on the production of manurcs from differcnt domestic ani- mal's and some very admirable compari- sons were made and some very desirable data presented. “'ith 48 steers, 24 of which were stablcd on cement and the other 24 stoblcd on ground floor, the total 48 In'oduccd a little more than one—half ton of manure per month per animal, in- cluding the bedding, which was rejected with the excrement. The amount of nitrogcn in the feed, including the straw and bedding was 8,058 lbs, the amount of phosphorus was 1.814 lbs. and the amount of potassium was 4,115 lbs. The analysis of the manures showcd that it contained: 0.496 per cent niir«'>gcn; 0.237 per cent phosphorus: 0.473 per cent potassium. This equalod 9.92 lbs, of nitrogen; 4.74 lbs. of phosphorus; 9.46 lbs. of potassium pcr ton of manure. The total recovery in the manure amounted to 3.472 lbs. of nitrogen, or 46 per cent of that given in fccd and bcdding, 1,659 lbs. of phosphorus, or 92 per cent of that given in food and bedding, and 3,311 lbs. of potassium, or 81 per cent of that given in food and bed- ding. 'l‘hc comparatively low percentage of nitrogen recovered was undoubtedly due. in those experiments, to inaccuracy of the methods employed for the deter— mination of the nitrogen. Often a great dc-ul of nitrogen is lost during the drying unlcss extraordinary precautions are tak— cn to prevent: this during the analysis. The Value of the Manure. Valuing nitrogen at 16 cents per pound. as we should be inclined to value it for animal manures, phosphorus at five cents per pound, and potassium at four and (mo—half cents per pound, we haVe for the value of the nitrogen in the manure, $555.52; for the phosphorus, we have a. value of $82.95 and for the value of the potassium, $148.99, making a. total .of $787.46, or $2.25 per ton, the current val- ue of the manure figured at the market prices as quoted in our previous discus- sion last week, fer the nitrogen, phos- phoric acid and potash present. The Cement Floor Pays for ltself. In comparing the results from those fed on the cement floor and those fed on the earth floor, the steers fed on the cement floor produced a total of 50 pounds of ma- nure per day, including the bedding. while those fed on the earth floor pro— duced 43.3 lbs. per steer per day per 1,000 lbs. live weight in favor of the animals on the cement floor by 6 lbs. This loss on the earthen floor was probably the re— sult of the seepage or percolation of some of the liquid excrcmcnt into the ground. There was 74.7 per cent of the nitrogen in the feed recovered in the manure of thc steers fed on the cement floor while on the earthen floor there was 62.4 per cent of the nitrogen recovered. There was 77.5 per cent of the phosphorus re- covered in the case of the steers fed on the cement floor and 78.9 per cent recov- ered from those fed on the earth floor, or practically the same amount, and 87.8 per cent of the potassium in the feed was recovered from those fed on the cement floor and 78.4 per cent of the potassium was recovered with those fed on the earthen floor. From this data it is ap- parent that thc variation is largely a variation in nitrogen and the potassium as might be expected bccause of the fact that both tho nitrogen and potassium in the animal manurcs is quite readily solu- blc. the phosphoric, acid bcing readily thrown out of solution and fixed. The phosphorus, too, is quite largely excreted with the undigested portions and it finds its way more rapidly into thc solid ex- crement than into the liquid portion. The value, therefore, of the manure from the steers fcd on the ccmcnt floor was about $50 greater than that from the steers fed on the carthen floor, a considerable item in itself. Manure frOm Dairy Cows. The Cornell and Minnesota experiment stations have conducted some experiments on the quantity of animal excrement, us- ing dairy cows as subjects. The total production of manure from tho dairy cows, six cows being selected, was 61% lbs. per cow per day. including bedding. or 573/, lbs. exclusive of bedding, thus showing that the value of the manure from dairy cows is somewhat higher than that from fattening stccrs. This possibly is causcd somewhat by the great amount of food consumed by the dairy cows. Sheep Manure. The <-xperiment of the Ohio station was extended in 1905 and 1906 to sheep. One hundrcd and sixty lambs Were fed for a. period of 112 days, in lots of 40 each. These were fed entirely on an earthen floor and the manurc. with \one or two exceptions. rcmained on the ground 1hr0ughout the entire experiment. The total production from the 160 lambs was 49,895 lbs, which included 4,950 lbs. of bedding. The total amount of manure was 33.15 lbs. per day. figured on a basis of 1,000 lbs. live weight per animal, or excluding bedding, 29.86 lbs. The value of the feed and bedding amounted to $679.54. The total value of the manure was $237.69, thus making an average value of $5.53 per ton of the sheep ma- nure. Manure vs. Commercial Fertilizers. The complete results of this experiment, which are too lengthy to be given here, are shown in Bulletin 183, of the Ohio experiment station, and are interesting as demonstrating the exceeding value of animal manures when judged solely from content of nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potash, which is the basis upon which commercial fertilizers are judged. When it is borne in mind that animal manures contain from 60 to 75 per cent, and in some instances as high as 80 per cent of water, it may be seen that the dricd manurcs in themselves are almost as val- uable, if not quite so, as many of the commercial fertilizers, judging from the relative merits of the nitrogen, phos- phoric acid, and potash alone which they contain. (Continued next. week). During the month of January We only exported 7,601,295 bushels of corn, against 9,752,146 bushels in January, 1911. Of wheat 2,018,594 bushels were exported last month against 2,789,152 bushels in the same month last year. We sent abroad 10,624 head of cattle in January of this year, while in January, 1911, We exported 14,088 head. \ 52,-va Dal 3m” Take The Place of Stumps 8750 extra crop-profits every year on 40 acres and double value of land when stum s are pulled out. Let us prove it. rite now for new fine, free book showing testimony of Hercules Stump- l’uller owners. See actual photos of 3-foot stumps pulled in less than 5 min- utes. All steel, means unbreakable strength—triple power, means terrific pull. More pull than a tractor. The HERCULES All-Stool Ts-lplo Poms- Stum‘p Puller Sold on 30 da 3’ free trial—all broken cast- ings replace free any time within 3 years. Double safety ratcliets Insure safety of men and team. Careful machinin and turning of parts means long life an light draft. 60% lighter In weight and 400 0 stronger than any cast Iron or “semi-stee " puller made. Get the enuine Hercules— save money—prevent anger. Can be used Single, double or triple power. Book F m and Spools! Propositlon Read astounding profit-facts and figures in free book. See many letters an ho- tographs. Read about best crops to am; in Virgin land where stumps stood. cad how others do contract stump-pulling for neighbors or rent machine at a profit. Then note special low Introductory price to first 5,000 uyers in dIfferent localities. Mail postal right now or take down name and address. Hercules ,. Mfy- 00- " . , contorvlllc, la. 181 17th as Pulls Stumps Seven Feet Thick The mighty Monarch is made of highest grade Bessemer Steel in our own big factory. Outwcars three ordinary pullers. ’ aranteed 700 h. p. and against breakage. Only stump puller in the world equipped with genuine "Hercules Rod St’ :nd” Steel ere Rope the kind used by U. [2. Government. Clears 1 to 6 acres a day. Used in all parts of the world. .g .7"? I ' ( I a UL - ‘ - sItIon. ZIMMERMAN STEEL 00., DepLMFM lone Tree. Ia. The SMITH STUMP FULLER This hotograph shows the work of the Smith Stump uller. pulling stumps with one horse. stumps that run from 4 to 6 feet through. at an avers. 6 cost of 5 cents per stump. Write for our free Cats. 03. VI. SMITH GRUBBEI 00., It 8mm: Sit. in crsscsni. Ilnn STUMP FULLER Warranted the most practical machine made. One man can lift 20 ions. 8 styles. 10 sizes. 825 and up. Screw,Cable or Band Power.~ We make cheapest TILE DITCHER and the best ever sold. Ono horse cuts 2 rows. corn "arVGSter One man. No twine. On trial. Agents wanted. Our new M-page Catalog FREE. Write Today. M.I.. BENNETT & COMPANY. WESTERVILLI, OHIO. 4 BUGGY WHEELSM'Ilf-‘n'li $815 With Rubber Tires,818.£5. Your Wheels Bernbbered, ‘ 810.30. I make wheels K to 4 in. tread. Tops $50, sums, 32.10; Repair Wheels, $5.95; .4qu $2.25; .3. ,. , an Umbrella free. Buy direct. Ask for Catalog 28 , SPLIT HICKORY WWII; 00am F 8‘. Cincinnati. 0h“, sswsrs mention the MIC'IIIGAN mum when was are writing to advertisers. - m . . . =..: l W} List I‘ ‘7 s-i w ., r, ‘ .. . ~ *4 52') i} :3 use? AV YOU know William Galloway e to-user at one small profit. . You know how the Galloway Plan Hits the Competition! You have seen my Manure Spreader ‘ ds" in the farm papers for doin business. Under the Oalloway Plan, every spreader must sell itselfwor no 5 "mid omen” profits and expenses and put it into better quality and lower prices. You so ct the machine you want to try. Write me about it an But remember, the Galloway Spreader is never sold until you say so. Try it first on y fully for _60 days. Operate it alongside any others and let the test be your roof! Then— lmow—Simply say to me “Yes" or "No". If “Yes", keep the spreader an my five plans of payment. If “No” return the S reader to me and I stand frci you full before iyou buy and afterglou buy the lackliaw National Bank 0 Waterloo. Could you ask for fairer, Can you find any more liberel offer than I make you. anywhere in the world? Make Your Own ”it E 1 win. eanoway win Trust You 35! arms My brother J. W. and I own 1,920 acres of land in Canada on which we make = specmltyof growinga Wonderful,New, Imported Seed Oat that we want to introduce on every farm in the United gtatcs. In order to make those splen- id, big, hardy'Northern- own Oats known to the readers of t is pa r I , s E E D havearrangedtootferasu ply~~F¥fEE ‘ -—-to any farmer who sen a his name . and address for my Special Spreader Offer to 10 or More Men in Each Town- ship. We are makin afightingcam— pnign for Moreand otter-Oats. Will you 'oin us? Here is your chance to T doub e and tri is your Oats Crop with the famous mportcd, chenerated Swedish Select Seed Oats that erm- OA 5 inate nearly 100% and yielded 7.) to 141 bushels to acre in this country last year. Wm. Galloway, Prest. Wm. Galloway Company, 649-KM Galloway Station. Waterloo. Iowa Z'plflJfiUI’ 5 p31 ’ 3C1 ” K y i \ {fie Jfionyesf, mosfdurafi/e If a fence stands erect, even and en‘ ,. firm under the hardest wear, tear and abuse —— that’s real strength. If it continues to give perfect service, year in and year out. no matter what—that’s real durability. These are the supreme tests of actual fence value — realized in its fullest development only in “ Pittsburgh Perfect ’ ’ Fence. any other fence wire made. own improved process. feet” Fence fabric is There are many other reuons for "Pittsburgh Perfect" Fence Supremacy. \/l «1|an New John Deere Book Illustrates and describes the most g, THE MICHIGAN FARMER. .. ' On a Galloway Manure Spreader I ‘ - Yes Sir,—-I can and will save you up to $60 on the best Manure Spreader . I made. ll‘he Galloway Spreader has 11 distinct and separate tented improve- ‘ merits, any one of which would give this machine a big a vantage over any ,' other a reader. Yet these exclusive tented features cost you not one penny extra— hey are FREE with the “Gal oway.” A Year’s Use Free And Your Money Back With 6% Interest th armer’s Manufacturer. You know the, William Galloway Co. of Waterloo own and operate the greatest chain of factories in the world sellm Farm Implements direct- iddleman and Wipes Out ears, and you must know that my business could not be the largest of its kind, unless I always do exact y what I do. What you sow you reap—what you breed you get. I can’t escape this law! That is w iy I make Galloway Selling Methods The Fairest On Earth I defy any Manufactures- Catalog Man, Dealer or Agent to match up his selling plan against my way of ' acl I save you all the I send you—FR Latest, Big Spreader Book, fully describing the GallowayLine and giving my low, wholesale factory prices. e I will ship it right off to you on my 60-Day Approval Jest With Your Own Time To Pay our farm. Test it out when you KNOW you make your own terms on an ht char es both ways. . give you a $25,000 Guarantee florid bac ed by cash deposited in more liberal terms than these? Only Open Hearth wire is used in “ Pittsburgh Perfect ” Fence be- cause it is tougher, stronger, more r durable like old time iron wire than ’ 31151112102211 toughness and prepares it for receiving the 1C eav . . . . , y, pure zinc galvaniznig applied by out A contains fence lnfurnmlimi you should 1m“- The secret of the great strength of “ Pittsburgh Per- THE WELD THAT HELD which electricallv welds each wire 'it everv contact ' ' ' ‘ _ . . . . . . . liOllil.flil(l prmlnccsn solid 1 '~ .. spaced and balanced, rescaling all strains and shocks with its whole :anri'm-c w IL fen“, perfectly See your dealer—lie knowr~or we will gladly mail on request lull inlomint’on nd t i d , ’ ' H v , n FIELD. FARM. RANCH. LAWN. 'rorimci iiiuiiiiiiiibii'iniil ani'tc'iiiiririniflfm Fem“ “hp“ ‘° °'"’ . PITTSBURGH STEEL CO. PITTSBURGH. PA. Makers of "Pi‘lshurgh Ported" Brands of Barbed Wire. Bright. Annealed and Ca] ' d W' F Standard Wire Nails and ”Piltliiiergh Pleiei‘ect’?n£':ni§it:lltk" late)“ CanNev ‘r/R ust .l‘, ' 1 £22» 263 H “How can I make more money in 1912?” Well. I believe that the owner ship of a Galloway Manure Spreader paves the way to greater profits. than any investment on can make. I am so sure of thisthat I back my faith by the following 0 or, which I defy anyone to egos], vrz: . If, at the end of 12 months he Spreader send you has not been a pay- ing investment, providing you have as much as 100 loads of manure to niul out, I Will, agree to take back the Spreader-pay freight both ways—give you back your‘moneyv and pay you interest at 6 per cent from the time you sent me the price of the Spreader. Now could I make such an extraordinary offer if I did not have something better than the other fellows’ “best”? “Streak of Gold” FREE I never fully realized the wonderful value of manure until one day on in {arm I was watching one of my men hauling manure on an alfal a field. As I stood there I got to thinking about what that manure reall meant to that field. nd it came over me like a flash*“W y, it’s just like a streak of old in the soil.” So I wrote a book around this idea, name it “A Streak of A Gold,”.and filled it from cover to cover with facts, figures, in- formation, experience and advice of ricelcss value to every- . farmer with manure to haul. I have a roe Copy for you. Write " ' romise to EE~my one of protect for it. Read it. Apply its teachings, and if you are not convmi-cd u; , that “4 Streak of Gold" shows you how to make much greater profits in 1912, return it to me and IWill send you one dollar in exchange for it. O wm. GALLOWAY. Fresident. ‘ Wm. Galloway 60., 49-00“ Galloway Station, Waterloo, Ia. Please send me following FREE. I have checked what to send: Galloway’s Latest Manure Spreader Book and Special Offer to 10 Men or More In Every Township. Galloway’s Big Free Canadian New Seed Oats Offer and Won- derful Oat}; Book Filled With Priceless liil‘ormation. Name ............................................................ .... Town .......................................... R. F. D ............ .. .......... State .............. .. ”rs this “Ad” will get my liczui‘téful Everyone who answzh . ‘4 140-I’age General Line Catalog in l‘lVC Colorsfib‘RL DURKBLE CHEAP BROWN FENCES will outlast any other because of heavier wires and thicker: gal- . vanizing. 160 styles for all purseses. Also - wn Fences and Gates. . Bargain Prices, 13c Pcr Rod UD delivered at your railv'oy station. Send today [or catalog and free sample for test. The Brown Fence & Wire Company Dept. 49 Cleveland. Ohio STRONGEST FEllOE MADE FROM FACTQRY DIRECT TO FARM 26-inch Hog Fence, ______ 15c. 47-inch Farm F enco,_ "235M. 60-inch Poultry Fence _ _ _. 30c. 80-rod spool Barb Wire, $1.40 \Many styles and heights. Our large Free Catalog Lead annealing gives it COILED SPRING FENCE C0. Box 21 Winchester, lnd. I lKlTS‘ELMAIl FENCE Sold (“room to you at factory {"1“ '- ' — 'z— w- w \(LPt It FrOm prices on 30 days trial. Save 4;. {/19 FaCl’Onv the d(‘lll(.'l‘3c; May, 521,41'; July, 471/50 per bu. Barley—Malling grades. 9007155130 per bu: feeding. 7561850. Btttter.-~Better consumptive demand and a fair amount of speculative buying are factors in the 1(: reaction from last \vcck‘s shatp decline. Market firm. Quo- tations: Creameries, 25@28c; dairies, 22 (1126c. nggs.——-\ general advance of 10 came early this week. Being dtte to delayed shipments it is looked upon as merely temporary. Quotations are: Firsts, grad- ing 45 per cent fresh. 291/20; ordinary firsts, 26(1127c per dozen; at mark, cases included, 24612612 lwintry—Steady to firm under light receipts. Live are quoted as follows: Chickens, 15c; fowls,14c; roosters, 91,50; turkeys, 14c; ducks, 15c; geese, 9c. Dress- ed—Chickens, 14011513 fowls, 14@15c; roosters, 10c; turkeys. 18l/zc; ducks, 170; geese, 13c. l’otatocsfi\\'cather conditions have limited shipments and prices have again advanced; market firm. Michigan stock is now quoted at 3510801110 per bu. \Vis~ cousin, $.l.05f111$1.10; Minnesota, $1.08f1'11.10, Beans—shlarkct steadier than a week ago; pea beans have recovered a part of last week's loss. Current quotations are: l’ca bcans—Choice hand—picked, $2.58 per bu: prime, $2.48 per bu; Red Kidneys, $2.65. llay and Straw.~Market is steady to firm. Quotations: Timothy, choice, $22.50 (1123.50 per ton; N0. 1, $20.50f112150; No. 2 and No. 1 mixed, $19@J9.50; No. 3 and No. 2 mixed, $14.50ml8; clover, $16.50@ 19; N0. 2 and no grade, $7.50f1111350; al- falfa, choice, $20.50f1121; No. 1, $197,120; No. 2, $180019; straw, rye, $9,500,010.50; oat, $941110; wheat, $7.50@8.50. New York. Butter.——All grades 16111/20 higher; mar- kct firm. Creamery specials are quoted at 301/20 per lb; extras, 300; firsts, 29@ 29%;..c; seconds, 27154128150. Eggs—Market unsettled; quotations running 4615c below last week’s figures. Fresh gathered extras, 3OQti3lc; firsts, 291/211; seconds, 281/20129c; western ~gath- ercd whites, 30(11321- per dozen. Poultry.——Live—~Steady to firm with prices unchanged. \\'cstern chickens, 12 (11121/31'; fowls, 1314012141/10; turkeys, 15@ 16c, Dressed—Steady. \Vestern chickens 121.;361115c; fowls, 121/2@16c; turkeys, 12 (11210. Boston. \Yool.~lntercst is centered in bidding for thc new crop of wool in the west and southwcst. .\ttention in old woo] is large- ly confined to ilecccs, special inquiry be- ing made for Michigan and Ohio stock. l’ulled Wool is fairly active. Following are the leading domestic quotations for fleet-cs: (llllt) and l'cnnsylvania fleeces— ,llelaine washed, .‘l2c; XX. 2801290; tine unmcrclutntablc, 23c; 1/_.-blood combing, 30c; I‘-,..—blood combing, 30c; 14—blood comb- ing. 29c; dclainc unwashed, 26c; fine un- washed. 21131', L\licltigan, \\'isconsin and New York iiccct-sihlt‘ino unwashed. 201,420; delttino unwashed, 24c; l/g—blood unwash- cd, 28c. Kentucky. lndiana and Missouri ———~'F§-l)lotld, 28c; lift-blood, 29C. Elgin. Rutter: Market firm at 28c per 1b., an advance of 1c from prcvious week. The output for the week was 725,000 lbs., com- pared with 700.000 lbs. :1 week ago. THE LIVE STOCK MARKETS. Buffalo. February 26, 1912. (Special Report of Dunning &, SteVens, New York Central Stock Yards, East Buffalo, New York), Receipts of stock here today as follows: Cattle, 80 cars: hogs, 6O doubli- decks; sheep and lambs, 80 double decks; calves, 800 head. “'ith only 80 cars of cattle on our mar- ket here today, we quote the market at 15@25c per cwt. higher than last-week, but with the exception of one load of heavy prime cattle. the best seen here in a long while, the better grades of cattle were not nearly so good in quality and fin- . .3“ THE MICHIGAN PARMER. * ish as last week’s cattle: 'Onefvery fancy load weighing 1,490 lbs., sold for 8 cents a pound. ' \Ve quote: Best 1,400 to 1,600-lb. steers $7.50@8; good prime 1,300 to 1,400-1b. do., $7@7.25; do., 1,200 to 1.300—lb. do., $6.50@ 7; best, 1,100 to 1,200-lb. shipping steers, $6.25@6.50; medium butcher steers, 1,000 to 1,100, $5.25@6; light butcher steers, $450715; best fat cows, $5@5.60; fair to good do., $4@4.50; common to medium (10., 353.256.13.75; trimmers, $2.50@3; best fat' heifers, $6@6.50; good do., $4.75@5.25; fair to good do., $4.25QL4.65; stock heifers, $3.25fii3.50; best feeding steers, dehorncd, $4.50614.75; common feeding steers, $3.50 (11.4; stockers, all grades, $350604; prime export bulls, $550616; best butcher bulls, $5615.25: bologna bulls, $4004.50; stock bulls, $3.250“; best milkcrs and springers $456155; common to good do., $25@35. With 60 cars of hogs on the market here tOday, the bulk of the choice quality yorkers. mixed and medium weights, sold at $6.75. with a few selected decks run- ning mostly to the york Weights up to $6.80. Pigs went mostly at $6.60, and good kind of rough sows around 6c per lb. Stags, $4.75m5.25. Hogs are well cleaned up; market closing steady, The lamb market was active today; most of the choice lambs selling from 813561740; few fancy at $7.50. Look for little lower prices the last of the week unless the runs continue light. The sheep market was active today; market strong quarter higher. Look for about steady prices the balance of the week on Sheep. “'1:- quote: Best lambs, $7.356117.40; cull to common do., $5.75fq‘16.50; wethcrs, $5615.25; bucks, $3713.25; yearlings, $5.75 (11.6.25; handy ewes. 3545061475; heavy ewes, $4.50t114.75; cull sheep, $3604; veals, choice to extra, $116,111.50; fair to good do. $8010.50; heavy calves, $4.50@6. Chicago. February 26, 1912. Cattle. Hogs. Sheep. leceived today ...... 22,000 56,000 23,000 Same day last ycar..21,017 54,209 17,781 Received last \\'eek..51,698196,173 84,585 Same ewek last year.58.256 164,271 95,121 Another snow storm has made its ap- pearance. and it is reported to be a big- ger one than last week’s all over the western country, railroads being badly blocked. Trains are extremely late in showing up, and at a late hour many had not arrived, so that it was difficult to form any estimate of the receipts. Cattle were at least a ditne higher for anything at all attractive, with some transactions reported as .151- higher. Hogs were 50 higher, with sales usually at $661635, al- though it was not as easy as usual to obtain all the stock cars wanted on east- ern railroads. The strength due of late to the shipping demand may be. inferred from the fact that last week 65,576 hogs wcre shipped from here. The hogs mar- keted last week averaged 216 lbs., com- pared with 230 lbs, a year ago and 212 lbs. two years ago. Sheep and lambs are selling readily at strong prices, with a great scarcity of fat lots, and some weth- ers brought $4.85. Shorn flocks sell at a big discount. Cattle haVe been on the down—grade most of the titne recently, with the gen- eral demand of the slow character usual when Lent begins, and the indications werc that consumption of beef is even smaller than in other years because of its great dearness, resulting in the substi- tution or fresh pork to an unprecedented dcgrce. The Monday market last week was dull and 10(125c lower under exces- sive offerings, the run amounting to over 28,000 head. Wednesday's market was intcrtupted by the big snow storm that blocked the, railroad tracks, the high wind causing the snow to drift to an unusual extent, but the receipts, because of the storm partly, and partly on account of the Monday decline, were only 11,128 head, and this caused a rally of 10((1‘1150. The following day trade was extremely dull, despite moderate arrivals, and prices were largely 10c lower, although a drove of prime heavy bceves brought $8.75, the previous high price of the week having been $8.50. The bulk of the week’s sales of steers took place at $5.50tw7.50, the better class of heavy steers going at $7.50 018.50 and th, commoner to fair light steers at, $435416. A medium grade of cattle sold between $6 and $7, with good cattle selling between $7 and $7.50, and. there was tnuch comment on the growing , scarcity of prime cattle. Cows and heif- ers for the butcher trade had a fair out- let at $3.45fi16.50, with cutters selling at $2.95t113.40. canners at $2012.90 and bulls at $325016. The stockers and feeder trade was a good deal curtailed on account of the stortn, their dearness and the high cost of feed of all kinds everywhere, corn selling in many feeding districts at 600 per bushel or more and hay around $20 per ton. Stockcrs sold at 3535061550 and feeders at $5016.35, and 765-lb. steers sold up to $5.65. Calves sold fairly at lower prices, sales ranging at $3017.60 per 100 lbs. and milkcrs and springers sold mod- ciately'at $30fr1765 each. At the close of the week cattle selling below $7.60 aver- agcd a dime lower than a week earlier, stockcrs and feeders averaging 106015c higher. ' Hogs have been marketed with a great deal of freedom recently, last week start- ing off with a Monday run of 62.447 head, which caused a drop on that day of 10@ 15c, the bulk ofothe sales being below $6.15. Good rallies took place on later days, and the good eastern shipping de- mand continued a strong factor, 19,263 hogs being shipped from here on Monday —Aby far the greatest number reported in a long period. Part of the time prime light weights showed especial strength, due to a large shipping dema d, for that class. with only trashy light ogs going below $6 and no great hum of light weights going for less than .615. Pigs were marketed in far smaller numbers than earlier in the season, most 0f such consignments being Shipped in because ~ MARCH 2. .1912. ' of the prevalence of sickness. Pigs soil at,a wide range of prices, with. the bette“ ~class of pigs of the heavier class selling: around the prices realized'for light hogs. The consumption of fresh pork products throughout the country-continues unpre- cedentedly heavy, and this accounts chiefly for the way prices for hogs are maintained in the markets of thecoun- try. The hogs coming to market are somewhat heavier in weight than several weeks ago, although much lighter than a year ago. At the close of the week hogs sold at $5.80@6.25, against $5.90@6.35 a week earlier, with pigs bringing $4.40@ 5.90 and stags 55825717650. She-en and lambs were marketed much less freely last week than heretofore, the. snow blockade helping to curtail supplies for the mid-week, and this helped sellers to obtain higher prices for the choicer class. these comprising too small a per- centage of the daily offerings. There were very few buying orders for feeding lambs. and most of these went to city slaughterers at very low prices. Among sales of lambs to feeders may be men- tioned a flock of 362 head that averaged 77 lbs. at $5.75 and a lot of 124 head of inferior grade that averaged 54 lbs. at $4.60. Ewes sold chiefly at low prices, many offerings being “lamby.” At the close of the week fancy “'isconsin-fed western lambs averaging 77 and 88 lbs. brought $7.10f1‘t‘7.15, lambs selling all the way down to $4.50. Yearlings sold at $4.50fiiz5.75; wethers at $4.15fii4.80: ewes at $2.50@4.25 and bucks at $2.75fii3.25. The top for lambs the previous week was $7. Horses were especially active on Tues- day last week, with quite a number of sales of desirable farm workers from $5 to $10 per head higher. Farm workers have been selling mainly at $160Kq200, with mares of a good grade wanted at $21061'275. Light drafters had a good out- let at 51217561225, better and heavier ones selling at 32230611325 or even higher. In- ferior horses sold below $100 and wagon- ers at $16071200. Very little was done in drivers, prices ruling at $125fl225 or more. F., l The Experienced Investor B U Y s —— Bonds of Our Country Because they contain every element that makes up a DESIRA- B L E l N V E S T- MENT — SAFETY OF P RINCIPAL ATTRACTIVE IN- COME, CONVERT- lBlLITY. Buy these bonds from a large, strong bank, and you will have the best in- vestment to be had. FREE Our book, “Amen- ca's Safest investment," tells in plain words why these bonds are the kind of investment you are looking for. Send for it today. It will con- vince you. The New First National Bank DEPARTMENT 4 Am. Over $6,000,000 COLUMBUS, 0. One Man $2 5 , ashtpPuller ..\ 42 Stumps in Half Day Best thing yet in stump pullers the well known and effective ratchet. principle now" applied to pulling stumps. One man can carry and operate; not heavy; set. up in few minutes; pullsiittlo and big: farmers show fine records with it; at. $3 to $10 cost; an aura will clear stump land, adding 825 to $30 an acre value. Also moves farm buildings. heavy machinery, logs, pulls posts and hedges. etc. 89:1! for $25, freight paid, fully guaran- teed. Buy now or write for booklet. 'We want. good agents and offer liberal commission. ONE MAN STUMP FULLER C0. E. 169 Ludlngton SL, Escanabn, Mich. u my . Eli/21mm Our Specialty Over 21 MILLION of our famous loud t 3.1 k i n g and ringing Independent phones in use. Our big fac- tory and 15 years experience back of Iron. clad Guarantee. Ask for our BIG FREE BOOK. Tells all. Write your needs today to American Electric Cm. 6413 Slate St. Chicago. ‘; . r~r+~W-rn-. .. . . . K.“ 1 ‘4. . fume, >‘« 5‘1 in 14;. 4.5a. . mean 2.’ 1912. , THIS Is'THE LAST EDITION. In the first edition - the Detroit Live stock markets are reports of last week; all other markets are right up to date. Thursday’s Detroit Live Stock markets are given in the last edition. The first edition is mailed Thursday, the last edi- tion Friday morning. The first edition is mailed to those who care more to get the paper early than they do for Thursday’s Detroit Live Stock market report. You may have any edition desired. Subscrib- ers may change from one edition to an- other by dropping us a. card to that effecr DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS. Thursday's Market. February 29, 1912. Cattle. Receipts, 755. Cows and bulls and can- ncrs steady; good grades 15@25c higher than last week. \‘Ve quote; Extra. dry—fed steers and heifers, $6.25@6.60; steers and heifers, 1:000 to 1,200, $5.50@6; do. 800 to 1,000, $4.75@5.25; do. that are fat, 500 to 700, $4 @475; choice fat cows, $4.75@5; good do., 134614.50; common cows. $3613.75; canners, $1.75@2.75; choice heavy bulls, $5; fair to good bolognas, bulls, $4614.75; stock bulls, $3@3.75; milkers, large, young, medium age. $406355; common milkers, .$20@35. Bishop, B. & H. sold Newton 13. Co. 4 steers av 1,045 at $5.60, 1 do weighing 1,260 at $6.50, 2 cows av 1,155 at $4.75; to Thompson Bros. 3 butchers av 626 at $150, 4 do av 900 at $5.60; to Parker, W. & Co. 7 cows av 1,083 at $4.60, 2 do av 770 at $3, 1 do weighing 1.120 at $5, 2 do av 995 at $4, 1 do weighing 920 at $3.60; to Bresnahan 1 do Weighing 1.020 at $3.75; to Rattkowsky 1 bull weighing 1,020 at $4.75; to Newton B. Co. 12 steers av 904 at $5.75, 16 do av 922 at $5.75. 2 bulls av 1,310 at $5, 1 cow weighing 1,000 at $4.25; to Bresnahan 2 cows av 815 at $4, 2 do av 1,150 at $4.50; to Sullivan P. CO. 5 steers av 1.074 at $5.50, 1 bull Weighing 880 at $4.50; to Goose 12 cows av 890 at $3.65; to Marx 4 heifers av 812 at $5.25; to Sullivan li’. Co, 2 cows av 1,000 at $4, 1 canner weighing 770 at $3, 5 steers av 654 at $4.75, 4 do av 925 at $6, 1 bull weighing 1.280 at $5; to Parker, XV. & Co. 13 steers av 911 at $5.90, 2 cows av 1,100 at $3.75, 2. do av 1,005 at $3, 9 do av 881 at $4.50, 14 butchers av 790 at $5.25; to Mich. B. Co. 17 d0 av 830 at $5.50, 3 do av 727 at $4, 4 heifers av 732 at $5. 6 steers av 1,010 at $5.85; to Newton B. Co, 18 butchers av 795 at $5, 6 cows av 845 at $3.50. Spicer & R. sold Bresnahan 2 cows av 1.000 at $4; to Mich. B. Co. 31 steers av 871 at $5.50, 23 butchers av 756 at $4.75; to Applebaum 6 do av 785 at $4.15; to Goose 6 do av 363 at $4.50. 2 cows av 820 at $3.60, 2 bulls av 880 at $4.75. Haley & M. sold Nagle P. Co. 5 cows av 1,096 at $4.90; to Applebaum 7 butch- ers av 733 at $4.75; to Hammond, S. 8: Co. 4 steers av 1,275 at $6.60, 11 do uv 816 at $5.75, 4 do av 862 at $5.75, 1 cow weigh- ing 1,290 at $5; to Sullivan P. Co. 1 bull weighing 1.100 at $5, 1 cow weighing 1,020 at $4.50. 25 steers av 732 at $5.65. Roe Com. Co. sold Nagle P. Co. 1 bull weighing 870 at $4.75, 5 cows av 924 at $4.75, 10 butchers av 878 at $5.75, 1 bull weighing 1,500 at $5; to Sullivan P. Co. 14 steers av 1,134 at $6.60, 4 do av 880 at $5.60, 2 cows av 1,210 at $5, 1 bull weighing 1,450 at $5. Weeks sold Nagle P, Co. 22 steers av 1,161 at $6.40, 1 do weighing 1.300 at $5.50. Graft sold Goose 8 COWS av 830 at $4. Allington sold same 3 do av 853 at $3.25. Haddrell sold Bresnahan 3 bulls av 970 at $4.50. 1 canner weighing 780 at $2.75. 3 heifers av 750 at $4.50, 1 cow weighing 950 at $3.75, 2 do av 1,025 at $4.50, 1 bull weighing 430 at $3.25, 2 steers av 1,160 at $6.40, 6 do av 930 at $5.75. Lovewell sold same 2 do av 920 at $5.50. Belheimer sold Kamman 9 steers av 971 at $5.50. Veal Calves. Receipts, 447. Market 50@750 higher than last week; steady with \Vednesday. Best. $9@10; others, $4@8.75; milch cows and springers steady. Lovewell sold Parker, W. & Co. 16 av 145 at $9. Spicer & It. sold Sullivan P. Co. 1 weighing 140 at $9.50. Haley & M, sold Mich. B. Co. 2 av 180 at $10. Bishop, B. & ll. sold Newton B. Co. 1 weighing 210 at $10: to Mich. B. Co. 15 av 150 at $9.50, 1] av 150 at $9.50; to Parker, \\'. & Co. 10 av 134 at $9.50, 2 av 150 at $9.50; to McGuire 9 av 140 at $9, 12 av 150 at $10; to Parker. XV. & Co. 25 av 155 at $9.50, 8 av 120 at $3.75. 2 av 135 at $8: to Sullivan I‘. Co. 10 av 150 at $9; to Applebaum 1 weighing 170 at $10, 2 av 115 at $8.50, I. weighing 250 at $6, 4 av 125 at $7.50. Sheep and Lambs. Receipts, 5,772. Market 254?:50c higher than last week. Best lambs, $6.50((_4/6.75; fair lambs, $5@6; light to common lambs, $3.50@4.50; fair to good sheep, $3654; culls and common, $2@2.75. ' Bishop, B, & H. sold Newton R. Co. 50 lambs av 62 at $6.25, 91 do av 71 at $6.25; to Sullivan P. Co. 4 do av 83 at $5, 17 do av 53 at $4.50, 30 do av 48 at $4.50, 1 sheep weighing scat $2. 1 do weighing 80 at $3.50; to Youngs 118 lambs av 82 at $6.90, 44 do av 58 at $5, 224 do av 77 at $6.50, 28 do av 65 at $5; to Thompson Bras. 26 do av 55 at $4.50: to Mich. B. Co. 103 do av 63 at $6. 21 do av 55 at $4.75, 4 do av 110 at $4.50, 84 do av 80 at $6.75, 3 sheep av 90 at $4; to Thompson Bros. 11 lambs av 77 at $6.50; to Parkcr. W. & Co. 12 sheep av 100 at $4, 0 do nv 75 at $3.25; to Youngs 67 lambsav 80 at $6.75: to Mich, B. Co. 13 do av 55 at $4.65, 7 sheep av 130 at $4, 14 do av 80 at $2; to Hayes 45 lambs av 65 at $6: to Fitzpatrick Bros. 97 do av 85 at $6.75, 18 do av 80 at $5. 5 sheep av 120 at $3. Haley & M. sold Mich. B. Co. 23 year- $151158: av 85 at $4.50, 37 lambs av 73 at Spicer & R. sold Sullivan P. Co. 29 lambs av 50 at $5, 61 do av 65 at $6, 41 do av 78 at $6.75, 20 sheep av 80 at $3.75. . .5: H098. Receipts, 2,723. Market 10c lower than Wednesday; 15c higher than last week. Range of prices: Light to-good butch- ers, $6.40; pigs, $6.15@6.25; light yorkers, $6.25@6.35; stage, one-third off. Bishop, B, & H. sold Hammond, S. & Co. 410 av 180 at $6.40, 335 av 160 at $6.35, Haley 8: M. sold Parker, W. & Co. 56 av 210 at $6.45, 185 av 190 at $6.40., 86 av 160 at $6.35. Spicer 8r. R, sold same 165 av 210 at $6.45, 125 av 180 at $6.40, 120 av 165 at $6.35. Bishop, B. & H. sold Sullivan P. Co. 325 av 180 at $6.40, 315 av 150 at $6.30, 120 pigs av 110 at $6.20. Roe Com_ Co. sold same 135 av 200 at $6.45, 125 av 190 at $6.40, 80 av 170 at $6.35, 65 av 150 at $6.25. Satisfactory reports regarding the con— dition of the ranges and the sheep in such important sheep raising states as New Mexico, Nevada, Arizona, \Vashing- ton, Oregon, Idaho and Utah are received, but this cannot be said of conditions in Wyoming and Montana, where IOSSes will be considerable. Looking over past years, it is found that for the ten years ending with 1879 the average weight of the hogs marketed in Chicago was 275 lbs. It dropped off during the next ten years to 257 lbs., de- clining the next decade to 239 lbs, while the following ten years saw the average weight only 219 lbs. Heavy hogs, as well as heavy cattle, once so popular with stockmen, have long been succeeded by much lighter weights, although there are still some farmers who always market heavy steers and heavy hogs. T'VEIERINAW LAAmAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA'AA CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR, V. S. Advice through this department is free to our subscribers. Each communication should state history and symptoms of the case in full; also name and address of writer. Initials only will .be published. Many queries are answered that apply to the same ailments. If this column is watched carefully you will probably find the desired information in a. reply that has been made to some one else. When reply by mail is requested, It becomes private practice, and a fee of $1.00 must accompany the letter. Cracked Heels—Tonic Powder—Acute Indigestion—I would like to have you give me a formula for making a tonic condition powder for live stock and an— other for sore heels in winter season. One of yearling steers took sick suddenly and died within a few hours. He bloated and a fluid came from mouth. I also lost a calf showing very similar symptoms. These cattle are kept in a basement barn and fed same as my other cattle and calves. G. H., Fairgrove, Mien—Apply equal parts tincture of benzoin and gly- cerine to cracks in heels twice a day. For a stock tonic mix together equal parts ground gentian, quassia, cinchona, nux vomica, fenugreek and ginger and give a tablespoonful to ,each horse and cow at a dose two or three times a day. Your cattle no doubt die of acute indigestion or may possibly become poisoned from eating infected food; however, I can hardly believe they do. Lump Jaw.—My four-year-old heifer has a bunch on upper jaw situated below eye, about the size of a man’s fist. This bunch is hard as bone, eye discharges and our local Vet. thought it might be result of an injury. A. W. 0., Novi, Mich—You had better apply one part red iodide of mercury and eight parts lard to bunch twice a week, and give her 2 drs. iodide potassium at a dose two or three times a day for two weeks. Knuckling.—V’Ve have a colt that is now nine months old that is cocked over on both hind ankles. Our local Vet. tells me that the colt will perhaps outgrow this trouble. G. H., Plainwell, Mich—— Usually crooked legged colts do straight- en as they grow older; however, if the pasterns are straight, short and uprignt the tendency is to knuckle easily. Apply equal parts turpentine, aqua ammonia and olive oil to fetlocks three times a week. Mange—I have a hog that has a sore skin, scabs cover about one-half of his body and he has been in this condition for the past 12 months. He must itch because he rubs himself a great deal. J. \V., Dorr, Mich—Apply one part oxide of zinc and four parts vaseline to sore parts once a day. You should not cover all sores at once, but treat one-fourth part at a time. Fits.———Have 18 ten-wecks-old pigs and one of them recently had a fit, and a few days later had another attack. The other 17 seem to be thriving. \Y. F. H., Hemlock, Mich—The fitty pig should be given a cathartic and the most conven— ient medicine you can give for this is a teaspoonful of castor oil. A changc of feed is perhaps necessary. Canker—Our dog has a discharge from one ear and I would like to know what to apply. F. B., Pcllston, Mich._Apply one part hydrogen peroxide and five parts water with a dropper twice a day. Ten minutes after ,each application dust bo— raCIc acid into ear. Nasal Catarrh—Cough.~«My four—year- old colt has some discharge from left nostril and is also troubled with rough. ’l‘_ K., St. Joseph. Mich—GIVe your colt a teaspoonful of fluid extract opium, a teaspoonful muriate ammonia and 1,5 oz. ground licorice at a dose in feed three times a day. His cough may be the re- sult of dentition and as soon as he has a full set of permanent teeth he will be well. Examine his molar teeth. ., ,“ 4 V "rI-IE MICHIGAN FARMER. our III A lIFE 'I'IIE motto-on htodomthinult’soflauano to bu uflmflyoubuy the rightmd. m unmnv WAGON lusts that long under ordinary conditions. First, the life ELEGTRI of a we on depends upon the unwell. This one ll equl pe with our Electric Steel Wheels. with straight or 5&3 r spokes and wide tires. Wheels any heig from 24 o co in. It lasts because tires can’t get loose, rte-setting. hubs can’t crack or spokes become loose, fel- cant rot, swell or dry out. Angie steel L ‘ THOUSANDS NOW IN DAILY USE Don't buy u wagon until you get our free book, “Wheel Benn- Aah for aungal'tpera multRule to measure accurately r axles. so on re uea . "chlorine was. 00., Box as . May. In. FOR INFORMATION AS TO LANDS-Iii! ' The Nation’s Garden Spot- rmr our" mun AND TRUCK GROWING sunbu- along the Atlantic Coastline RAILROAD ’ in Virginia, North and South Carolina} Georgia, Alabama Ind Florida, write to WILBUR MCCOY, E.N.CLARK, A. 65 I. Act. for Florian, A. £5 I. Agt. fol-Virgin“ Alabama. Georgia, and the Carolinal, Jacksonville, Fla. Wilmington, N. C. "II/7%? «l«00006011000 SEND FOR FREE CATALOG DunlIaIn Pulverizers, Packers and Rollers are made smtable to every soil formation. Single and double gang pulverizcrs. Flexible and minted—frame pulverizers. Combination surface and sub-surface packers. All steel land rollers. fine and 1‘ Bar Rollers. An average increase of 5% bushels per acre by using'the Dunham. On sale near you. Shall weteil vou where? ”E DUNH‘“ on 20-90 First Ave, I I mom. U.S.A. GOVERNMENT FARMERS WAITEh’jr‘ii‘fi‘ieotififi living quarters. Write OZMENT. l’l’l‘, St. Louis. Wanted, 50 Bushels Canada Field Seed Peas. A. J. TIBBI‘TS. FARMINGTON, MICHIGAN. (25) 265 Hill: Allll IIIIII unns Hill SALE an EXIIIIAIlIiE $50 A" AER Write E. ’A.ZLIVINGSTON, St. Johns, Mich. about his 120 and 240 acre farms, 3 miles from town. Clerms reasonable. 310 acre stock farm. 125 A. im- For Sale. proved. Clay loam soil, elegant water. good terms. J. A. Cavanaugh, Midland, Mich. l Uceunu. greatest limit 00. in U. S. w. 80" Farms also grain, otutoes. alfalfa, dairylng Write for list. ate. HAN ON & SON. Hart. Mich. Ocean calmly is the Fruit Be W'rite c. w. MORGAN. Shelby, Michigan, for lists of good Fruit. Farms. Beauiilully llluslraled Booklel 372:1} 3133353.? luscious aches. strawberries. and of ideal homes Address tote Board of Agriculture. Dover. Delaware IAIIMS wmrrn-Wehmdlw Wee .9051" scribing property. numig:)lgsvgg‘pflfil§etlalvve helllpebug: ers locate desirable plrofterty FREE..American invest- ment Association, 3 a ace Bldg, Minneapolis, MInn. Cash For Your Fax-In or Business. £332; and seller together, no matter where located. I i you want to buy or sell, address FRANK P. CLEVE- LAND, 948 Adams Express Building, Chicago, Ill. FARM BARGAINS. We have the lar est list of farm bargains to be found anywhere. coated near our linelI splendid markets, churches and :chool, Fine buildings and the best. of soil. Write for booklet and new farm list. . ". HOLMES REALTY 00.. Lansing. Mich. N0 0 when you can buy the Best Land in Mlchl an at from 87 to an acre near Saginaw and B" City. Write for me and par- ticulars. Clear title and eaayterms. Sta old 131-03., (owners) 15 Merrill Bldg , Saginaw, W. S. Michigan. on easy terms the W. if of N. E. 94’ For sale Section 14, in Pleasanton Township, Manistee county, Mioh., zit §lll.per acre. This land lies in the fruit belt of MIchIgun. ‘ The W.” of N. E. 374’ of Section 30. In Hinton Township, Mecosta county, Mich, at $20 per acre. This is a. very fine piece of heavy land. Write for prices and terms on other lands in Isabella County. JOHN S. WEIDMAN, Mt. Pleasant. Mlch. GIIoice Virginia Farms ALONE CHESAPEAKE &. OHIO RAILWAY AS LOW AS $10 PER ACRE. Abundant rainfall,’ rich soil. mild winters. nearby eastern markets. W rite for illustrated booklet. ”COUNTRY LIFE IN VIR- GINIA," (134 pages). and‘low excursion rates. Address K. T. O AWLEY. Industrial Agent. 0. & 0. Railway, Box l-AS. Richmond. Va. Sunny Tennessee! That section of Tennessee and Alabama traveled by the Nuhvllla. Chattanooga aSt. Louil Railway is rich in natu- ral resources. Ind its climatic conditions and the fertility of its soils offer unexcellcd opportunities for the profitable fimduction of gminsgnsms, livestock and lruck crops. Fer- lo and ultruetin farm lands any be bad at very low prices. t f F R E E WRITE Deneme ““3335 filerature. (9) ll. [SHIN], Traffic Mgr., Dept. P, Nashville,1’enn. Encyclopedia of Business Chances—New money making Ideas: Secrets of success; How fortunes grow 1’ small amounts. Descriptive Book- mm lei. Free. CRITERION AGENCY, 32 Broadway, N. Y. WANTED—4‘0 sell clicnp three brand new live ton anou Scales. eight lw fInIII'im'n. Slunrlurd Manufacture. \Vl‘i‘e DALE'Y SCALE Alli-ENVY. liinzhilmton. N Y. Dept N0. 12. ’ Fenn s Post Hole Auger handles ha rd pun soils. Free booklét. on request. The FENN MANUFAC'I‘I'RINGI CO., Charlotte. Mich. For Sale, I 15 H. P. Case Traction Engine 13.51.23 order. $350. No. 782 J unotion Ave.. Detroit, Mich. A ROOF '1'? PROOF AGAmsv WIND LIGHTNING RAIN We manufacture the world's best Steel Roofing in Boll Cap. Pressed standing soul" and V crimp. Galvanized Conductor I’ipe. ill-vs Trough and fittings. It will pay you to send for cut-slog and prices, Free. THE MILES IRON 8L STEEL ROOFING 00., Miles, 0. We Want HAY&. STRAW . We get the top price on Consignments, make lIberal advancements and prompt remittances. Daniel McCaiirey’s Sons 60. PITTSBURG, PA. Reference Washington Trust Company, or my bank in dig SPLENDID GRRES "' Saskatchewan (Western Canada) of wheat was the thresher's re- turn from a. Lloydmlnster farm during one season. Many fields in that as well as other districts yielded from 25 to 35 bushels of wheat to the acre. Other grains in proportion. I Large Proflts are thus derived from the ‘ ICE MESTEAD L AND S of “’estern Canada. This excellent showing causes prices to advance. Land values should double in two years’ time. Grain growing. mixed farming. cattle raising and (lIIiryIng are all profitable. Free Homcstcmis of 160 acres are to be had in the very best districts: ISO-acre pre-emption at 3.00 per acre within certain ureus. chools and churches in every act- tlenlent. clllnute unexcellcd. soll the richest; wood. “'iltel' and build- lng material plentiful. For settlers‘ low railway rates and illus- trated pamphlet, "Last Best West.” and other information, write to Supt. Im- migration. Ottawa,Can., or Can.Gov. Agt. We c. McINNES, 176 Jefierson Ave. Detroit, Mich. C. A. HUBER. Iarfluelle, flich. Please mention the Michigan Farmer when you are writing to advertisers. acre. Map of southern Mississippi Vnfley, Sidel’CCL Shaded portion shown rich alluvial district. known in The “Delta.” Productive‘FaI-m For Sale Cheap 550 acres—260 cultivated—60 acres dcadened—balaucc cutover———on good public road 4 miles from Joncstown, hggss. , the richest part of the famous Mississippi Delta— 6 InIlcs from Memphis, :1 fine market with 155,000 pop- ulation—vbuckshot and black sandy loam soil—10 tenant houses with stables, etc. ,——artesian water—good schools, churches and neighbors. Cultivated land rents for $6 an Selling price $14,000; terms easy. According to U. S. Government Statistics Missis- sippi Land Values Increased 118 per cent in Past Ten Years, and the Rise Has Just Started. 0",- Free Book tells the truth about the “Delta.” If you are in the market for farm land write for it. We OWN many Delta Forms and will quote low prices and easy terms on all of them, productivity con- BARNE Y & MINES, Inch, ' 1839 antral. Bad! Bldg" MEMPHIS, TENN. 266 (26) VVYVYVfVYVYVYVVYYYVVYVYVY iPOULTRYMBEESi AAAAAAAAAAAAAAMLAAAAAAA BREEDING FOR CONSTITUTIONAL VIGOR. It is quite important that we pay as strict attention to vitality in poultry as to heavy egg production. The require- ments of the modern hen are greater, in proportion to her weight, than those of any other domestic animah A good hen is expected to lay annually about five, times her weight. It has been estimated that the ratio of dry matter in one of our best hens, compared to the dry matter in the eggs she produces, is about 1 to 5; while that of a first-class Jersey cow, compared to the milk she yields yearly, is about 1 to 2.5 It will be noticed that, measured by such comparisons, the hen does twice as well as the cow. This be- ing so, it is very important that the petti- tryman strive not only to maintain, but to increase, the constitutional vigor of his flock. Of course, the old. imp-hazard way of Selecting eggs for incubation from the entire ilock, with very little if any regard for uniformity in size, shape and color, must be abolished. Select only breeding stock of known physical vigor. The brccdcr possessing a clear understanding of the physical differences between the strong and the weak has no dilllculty in selecting the best. Most anyone is able to acquire, through practice, this under- standing to at least a. passable degree. l‘ullets, unless they are full of vitality and are known to be fttlly developed, should never be used as breeders. The hens selected to produce eggs for hatching should be placed in roomy, sunny, VVt‘ll ventilated quarters. I‘ut in a male, the best you can afford, for every 2 to 15’. females. This pen should not be fed for heavy laying and should be com- pelled to take plenty of exercise. Little Details which Affect the Vitality of Chicks. 'ln-and—in breeding, by the average farmer. should be avoided. Laying, ex- hibition or other qualities are sometimes developed at the expense of vigor. Close breeding can he followed successfully only by uniting the strongest individuals. One must always have in mind “the survival of the fittest." l'nless males can be procured near home, where they can be carefully examined. new blood should be purchased from breeders who have repu- tations which ate ztltove reproach. Carclcssncss in the selection and keep- ing of eggs for hatching will naturally affect the. vitality of the eggs and this may affect the chicken through life. l‘lggs intentlt-d for incubation should be kept at a tcmtn-rattue of about :70 degrees, should be turned daily, and should be, placed into the incubator, or under hcns before they are two weeks old at the latest. 'l‘hc vitality of the chicks is also im- paired by the use of unreliable machines, or the improper handling of any machine; also by hens \yltich are. not close sitters, or which are not handled right by the" person caring for thcni. ’l‘ltc physical vigor of chicks is also reduced by close contincmcnt or crowded. unsanitary cttn- ’l‘hcy must be, kept frtc from lice, and especially head lice. Tiny must ilt' fed the. tics! rations and have free range. in order that their growth may be uninttrruptt-d and natural. This is very ‘litlons. important. increased productivencss demands a. higher standard of vitality. .\ hen with great productivo powers, and lackint,r in physical vigor, so reduces herself that, she invariably dies of exhaustion before the is tWo years old. Since the hen is the most ciliticnt transformer of raw ma- it‘l‘iltl into tinished product that we have on the farm, and since she is willing to wear herself out for us in perhaps less than three years, we should gladly give hcr the best care possible. \\'e should cull closely during all the stages of fowl life. The very weak chicks are, hardly worth trying to raise: others should be marked and disposed of as broilers, the strongest and most vigorous being retained for layers, and the best. of these used for breeders, generally when not less than two years old. I prefer to sell old hens and roosters several weeks before the moulting period begins.» This is also the best time to dispose of any young hens which lack vitality. Points that Indicate Strong Vitality. Even though trap-nesting is not prac- tical for the average farmer it is not very difficult to distinguish the heavy lay- ers. The bright, active hen, the one that THE MICHIGAN FARMBR. is willing to convert a large amount of feed into eggs, regardless of how much litter she must move to get that feed, is the profitable hen. The heavy layer in- variably has a bright red, well developed comb. But to distinguish the fowls hav- ing constitutional vigor is a different proposition. It should always be remem- bered that mature chickens, both females and males, carry their health indicators on top of their heads. As before stated in regard to heavy layers, the comb of the physically strong fowl is, when lay- in'g, large and bright red, the size de- pending upon the breed, of course. Strong fowls have round, open, bright eyes. They are very active, not “dopey,’ and squat rather than stand. They are late to take the roost and early to leave it. The weak hen, like the, poor layer, is often found upon the perch during the day. The weak hen moults slowly or late, while the strong one does the reverse. The strong hen is known by her loud singing and cackling: a strong male by his frequent and loud crowing, and by his great gen- erosity demonstrated by calling his mates and giving them the choicest morsels to eat. ”Vigorous fowls carry their heads and tails well up, have rather short heads, short, strong beaks, short, stout: toes. legs well colored according to the breed, strong, broad backs of medium length, rather short, plump bodies and necks, broad, full chests, are quite wide be— tween the legs and have smooth, closely fitting plumage of fine brilliancy. They are. always ready for feed. yet bold and willing enough to leave feed for a good light, at times. With a few exceptions, the foregoing may be applied to chicks. Hut, beware of chicks with long, slim nccks, toes and legs, with crow-like heads and bills, that are slow in feathering out, are. rough in plumage, whose wings drag the ground and whose appetites are poor, New York. W. D. KORB. POULTRY DESTROYERS AND HOW TO CATCH THEM.—ll. The weasel, which resembles the mink very closely, has similar habits. It, too. will kill chickens and other fowl merely for the sake of killing them. No animals are more blood thirsty and carnivorous than the weasel tribe. The coat of the weasel is brown in summer, but as winter advances his fur changes to pure white, except the tip of the tail which is jet black. To the fur trade this animal is known as the ermine and his fur is quite valuable. .lt'or trapping weasel use No. 0 traps if you have them, although No. 1 will do, but nothing larger. Locate his runway or a place which he frequents. Hang bait from the limb of a tree, with heavy thread or string, about twelve inches front the ground. Place the trap directly beneath the bait. Use rabbit, bird or liv- er for bait. In many instances this animal is caught in traps set in muskrat, skunk and civet dens. This is dtte to the fact that the weasel is a wanderer and usually enters all such places along the route which he travels. Often successful sets may be made along streams or upon the hunting grounds of the animal. The same general methods in trapping should be pursued as for think. Use the gteatcst of care in setting the traps. They should always be covert-d, as well as the chain. which should be fastened to a tree, stump or stake. Select good places for your sets, and remember where each is made; otherwise you will lose some of your traps. Oil the traps frequently. Rabbit oil is good for this purpose. Spring them occasionally, never letting them set too long. ltust should never be seen on any traps. Never allow dogs to follow when setting traps. Leave everything around the trap as natural as possible. Minnesota. V. P. GOKEY. HATCHING TURKEYS ARTIFICIALLY. Turkey growers, as a rule, have never lookctl with favor upon the incubator as a means of hatching pottlts. The ques- tion is often asked whether turkeys can be successfully hatched in incubators, and to those who still favor the natural meth- od we would cite the results of an ex— periment made at the Washington sta- tion with a view to determining the prac- ticability of hatching and rearing tur- keys artificially. In this test 102eggs from good stock of the Mammoth Bronze breed were used, this number being quite sufficient to fill an ordinary 150—hen-egg incubator. From these eggs 87 poults were hatched. Of the remaining eggs, four were found to be infertile at the time of the first test MARCH 2, 1912. dom see in suits under $20—the best blue serge we’ve ever put into a $15 suit, in more than sixty years of clothes-making. That’s why we call this suit the l tttttr""‘T'I. ,l t CtOTliCDAFT ,K ' 4% ._ « Blue Setge Special .lllllllltt G0 to The Clothcraft Store~exam- inc and try on this remarkable suit. You can see the correct style and ac— curate fit; then ask the dealer to show you the Clothcraft guarantee, which protects you as to the things you can’t see. It assures absolutely pure wool; first- class trimmings and workmanship; permanent shape; and service. This assurance is backed by both dealer and maker. It covers all Clothcraft Clothes at $10 to $25. If your regular clothier doesn’t sell Clothcraft, write us direct. VVe’ll send you the Spring Style-Book, a sample of the serge, and the name of the nearest dealer. THE JOSEPH & FEISS CO. Founded 1850—Oldest A merican Manufacturers of M 3’“ Clothes leve‘lapd 623 St. Clair Avenue, N. W. d'l'xb my A $15 Blue Serge Suit that’s guaran- teed to hold color and shape. ES, you really can get a $15 ready—to-wear serge suit that will fit and wear and hold its color and shape. It’s made of a soft, even- twilled serge such as you’ll sel- c NQSISO “fiftieth?" $15- satisfactory Wear 'n‘ Victorious in 2 BIC Hatching CONTESTS Winner in Successful Farming hatching contest in 1911, 356 competing. Also a winner in the 1910 hatching Missouri Valley Farmer Contest, over a thousand com— peting. Read the record of Results below, then bear in mind you can get this Prize Winning Incubator and Broader. East of Rockies WHY PAY MORE? ‘ I stand ready to prove to you there are no better‘machines on the market for anything like my low price. I stand read to let you prove it in your own home—to your own satisfaction (not mine), and pay the freig 11:. charges both ways if I fail. You take no risk—110 chances. I wtll slnp you one of my 125 Egg Hot Water Wisconsin Incubators and a 125 Chick Brooder on 30 days trial, and if you don’t, find 1t_the best hatching outfit after 30 days trial, ship it back, and back comes your money. Machines that. Win in the Big Hatching Contests year after year, surelg must; have unusual merit. But remember, they must win your satisfaction or I take them ack —return your money—pay all freight; cost. Here’s my offer. Egg Wisconsin Incubator B th Freight 00 1 25 Chick Wisconsin Broader, 0 Prepaid s 1 03:.— ” Mairsvt dCartels! h 125 r: 0 Second Contest k ). , 1117‘ )c a 03. ee «3’8 urg. m0" “7.“. a q , 8’ . B-Al'mitfifim. Aanter. Ohio, hatched 88 chicks from lithe";.itutttnhtsifiitt tartan longitude 221$."if,"annuitlislaetam: ism. statesman: making her :1 him Winning Contestant with over a thousand ntor. making two 100 percenthatehea. Th . ' wnlpctlng_ (Swurn Statement.) an machine entered in the contest with :33 2521333. batches Can you equal such records—certainly they can’t be beaten. Where can on buy such hatching efficiency for the money? The reason is because Wisconsins have doub e walls, dead air 5 aces, double glass doors. copper tanks and boiler, nursery, Tycos Thermometers, are self. regt anng, well made of California. Redwood, natural finish, complete—set up ready to use, Brooders equally Well constructed. hover, safety oil lamp, wire yards—both the best: in every way. Ordera )air on my liberal 30 day trial—5 pear guarantee and be convinced. Or write for catalog. T 1e publishers of this paper vouch or my responsibility. 14) UST sit down right now and write for _ Iyour copy—FREE—ot our big 224~poge ( oultry Guide for 1912, fully describing. C hers Incubators yp and Brooders This FREE Book tells 12th they are the best machines . for ambitious, earnest poultrymen and women, whether be- .- , giuners or experienced raisers. Read in our new bookall , about ”Cyplters Company Service"-——our new co-oywrutlre plan with our customers, insuring their success in all departments Write of the work—in meeting every problem and learn about our annual 1.54 $1,000 Poultry Growers’ Contest, 0 on to all comers. whether you use our Ma; 24-4 PAGE "z for ’3' goods or not. ‘ 0., Dept. 35 Buffalo, N. Y. .0 |\\\\ \ 33% cvpuzns INCUBA‘I’ Now s..Kansas City, Mo.,0al:land,Cal. WISCONSIN INCUBA TOR 00., 3.: '15. °£b373r,"ms. Elkhart Vehicles and Harness have a world-wide reputation for high quality . and our prices have made them famous. THIRTY-NINE YEARS’ experience selling to the consumer means success. L- VVe ship for examination, guaranteeing safe L delivery, satisfaction and to save you money. Catalog shows all styles of pleasure vehi- / .~ ,/ ness, spring wagons, delivery wagons and harness. , May we send you large catalog? We also make the “Pratt-Forty" Automobile. Elkhart Carriage & Harness Mfg. Company Elkhart, Indiana cles and harness, pony vehicles and har- ‘ / The Blissfleld Robe and Tannin '00 ”"“"°'"' g I, Michigan, pays the freight on all hides that are to be made into fur coats and robes Our prices are lower than any other concern doing this kind of “ . . ' ‘ work. We tan coon, mush-at and mink skins. and make beautiful fur coats, mails and scat-ts for the ladies. We would be pleased to send you our catalog which tells all about; our work. BLISSFIELD ROBE 84 TANNING (30., Bllssfleld, Mich. --_. ,. ”.4.“ , . on... wows—M... ' m 4......“— ‘. -uW»' .‘uw‘ ‘ 3i. The Incubator of Certain operated by r ule. he novice gets the same ex- cellent results as the ex- . perienced operator. The only incuba- tor with the open-front poultry house . plan of ventilation. Only one applying the vital principle of low. moisture with high temperature and high morsture when heat runs low. All regulated automatically. Send for latest book. describing the new features—- lain 'ractical. helpful. _ rite ES for mating list and prices on S. C. White Leghorn stock and eggs from the Mandy Lee farm. GEO.H.LEE 00.. I 2 I 2 Hornsy St..0maha.Nob. I. T S u r pI-I so For You—From Miller Sensational low price, high quail offer will please you. Send name now. years’ successful hatch records back me upon quality. Price speaks for itself. Ideal Incubators egflvfgg‘; _///////,’7/"I/lr ’ fortunes tor ' V , ' owners. None better at any yet my ofler make on class price would the Ideal wit "chea ” machines it I quo it here. Send me your name.(‘You’ll be glad on wrote. J.W.Mllier. -W.Mlller 00.,Box “00 rec I l‘t- l I and Free Book EGG INCUBATOR ‘ £13400 CHICK BRDODER The incubatoris California Redo g::h$ 1 0 wood. Covered / with asbestos and galvanized —— iron; has triple walls. copper tank; _ nurse : egg tester. thermometer ready to use. 0 l 373' l — money back it not 0. K. Write for Free Catalog today. Ironclad Incubator 00.. Dept. 65 Ilacine.Vlis. HURRY UP! To Be Most Send name on postal tor SUCCESSFU otter or our new Poultry Lessons In. to every new one- ' tamer. Get Gilcrest's big book FREE and also his facts about ' his SUCCESSFUL Poultry Les- sons given to buyers of moonstone : ’ 31100933” anoooens Start right he biggest profits. Write to , n, . Dos Molnoa Incubator coo 3688mm so. Des Molnesfla. W. POULTRY BOOK on | ' and Almanac tor l912 has 224 pages with many colored plates of (owls true to life. It tells all about chickens, their prices, their care, diseas- es and remedies. All about Incubators, their {rices and their operation. All about poultry ouses and how to build them. It’s an encyclo- iedia of chickendom. You need it. Only 150. C. SEOEMKEB. Be: on. Freoport, Ill. ’ Standard-bred Rouen. Pekin and 0106 Indian Runner Ducks; Buff, While. Golden, Silver. Columbian and Part- ridge Wyandottes; Barred and Butt Rocks; Reds; $2.50 single bird: $41 trios; Toulouse Geese. $4 each. Catalog free. Geo. F. Hartman, Box 280, Freeport.Ill. Money Malling Poultry. Send for folder describing early maturing heavy win- ter laying Reds. E gs for hatchin from scored pens. $1.50 per 15. $6. per 100. Indian unner Ducks white egg strain. wonderful layers. $1.25 or 13 eggs‘ Montreon Poultry Farm. Blissiieid. Mich. t. It. No. 3' ' Fl -k (’38. avert: eflenr-h lnd'an Runner Dusk E 83- inollill}. (‘liro of ucks with order. Also S. C. “'. .oghorns. l’rico for each $1 per 13; $5 por50: $5 per 100. Vi'ni. P. Booth. it. 3. Orland. Ind. cor-kerols $1.50 and 32. A few ul' Barred RoCk lots and hens zit; $1 and $ .50 LAKE RIDGE FARM. Levering, Michigan. —Miilo.~i and females. prices right. Croat Barred "Mills laying strain. prize winners. 15 oggs $1.50. W. C. OOFFMAN, lt.No.6. Benton Harbor. Mich. ' ' ‘ Barred Rocks. It. I. Reds, Mum- Prlze WInnlng moth l’okin and I. Runner ducks. Stock for sale. Elggs $1. $2, Si per set. Utility $5 per 100. l‘IMW'OOD FAR), ll. ll. N0. 13.61‘2ind Rapids, Mich. ‘ IGHT BRAHMA, Barred _ “'yimdotte Cor-korcls from rize-winning stock. E. D. BISHOP. Route 38, Take Odessa. Mich. LlLLIE FARHSTEAD POULTRY B. P. Rocks. B. I. Reds. and B. O. W. Leghorn eggs for sale. 15 for $1: 26 for $1.50; 50 for $2.50. COLON O. LILLIE. Coopersville. Mich. cumce s. c. s. onrmmousfiukuh. “£12213. 123th. $2 per 15. Otis Greenman. R. 4. Beilevue. Mich. HEAPEST PLACE ON EARTH ”1‘0 BUY STOCK and EGGS. 35 land and water fowls. Write for a price list. DAVID YOUNG. R. 6. Bay City. Mich. ' S. C. White Orpington and I (1' White ROCk, Runner Duck eggs at farmers‘ pliidgi: Circular free. G. N. BURT. Box B. ()akwood. Ohio. UFF‘ & White_0r in one. Buff dz Wh't L h Barred c warm 0 s. a R. 0. Rhode; lucid £53: Okls. Selects turns '2 U ' Satifaction guaran H. H. kINgP‘VyVillig? Meitbchh Single Comb Black Minor-cos. R. W. MILLS. Sallne. Mich. ILVEB, GOLDEN AND WHITE WYANDOTTES A fine lot of cockerels and each. Fine circular free. 0. W. BROWNING. Portland. Mich. BITE Wyandottes—The most beautiful and use- ful of American breeds. Send for 1912 circular. A. FRANKLIN SMITH. R. F. D. 9. Ann Arbor. Mich‘ Rock and White DOGS. -—Scotch Collie Pu pies at $5 each. 1 For 5‘ '0 tud dog. 1 female gi'rsjold. 11 Ham - ... shire ewes. HARRY W. GARMAN. Parki-ille, Mic . TRAINED running Fox Hounds.and young hounds bred tron: famous Goon hunting parents. I-‘ull blood .1st heifers. send stamp. , W. E. LECKY. Holmesville. Ohio. mmm mention tlie MICIIGAN I’m when you are writing to advertisers. and four more at the second testing; three were cracked and four of the pouits died in the shell. The temperature of 'the machine at the time of placing the eggs in the tray was 102 degrees. The moisture pan. of the same size as the tray and placed two inches beneath it, contained a. half-inch depth of sand and this sand was kept wet enough to show puddles of water on its surface at all times during the period of incubation. water heated to about 100 degrees being applied to it daily. The eggs were turned every 12 hours after the. third day. Dur- ing the first week a temperature of 102 degrees was maintained and after that 103 degrees, with but slight, variations. The eggs were tested for fertility on the tenth day and again on the twentieth day. Hatching commenced on the twen— ty—sevenih day and all the poults were out of the shells by the end of the twenty-eighth day. The day following the hatching‘the incubator door was left ajar about one-eighth of an inch, and on the second night this was increased to one-quarter of an inch. This was done to gradually harden the poults in their preparation for the hover. THE CLOVERS AND THEIR VALUE AS HONEY PRODUCERS—ll. Alsike CIOVer. Alsike clover ('l‘rifolium hybridum) by many people supposed to be a cross between the white and the red, but this is not a fact, for it is a distinct species. In appearance it is intermediate between the white and the red. The blossom is like a. very largo white clover blossom with the extremities of the petals tipped with a delicate pink shade. The leaf is similar to that of the other clover-s ox- copt that in color it is a bright green and free from the downy spots which are found on leaves of other varieties. It is an abundant honey producer and, as the petals are short, the common lion- ey bee finds no troublo in securing the nectar. The quality of the honey is fully equal to that made from white clover. Being widely grown for hay, it in many localities tho. most important hoiioy plant and in some sections honey produc— ers have gone so far, in their efforts to encourage the growth of this plant. as to supply their neighbors with seed. is is As a forage plant it is far ahead of red clover. in quality at least. and it has been claimed for it that Where tested as a feed for milch cows it has [ii-oven supe- rior to all other olovcrs. This has been tested by turning cows from good red clover pasture to alsike pasture and then, later on. turning back to red clover. The change from the red to the alsike has {Ll- most invariably resulted in a very mark- ed increasc in the flow of milk, while turning back from alsikc [0 rod brought a marked decrease. I have seen it stat- ed that one can out two crops of hay from an :ilsike seeding in a season, but this has not been the case with me. I have found that it yields just as heavily as the larger clovoi‘s on heavy land. but on light land it docs not do so well. Tho quality of the hay, however. is superior and as I have given up the seeding of light soils to alsike I find it u very profil- able crop as i now handle it. Seeding is best, done in the spring. thus obviating the risk of winter-killing. As the seed is much smaller than that of the red clovcrs, it does not require so many pounds to the acre. I find three to four pounds sufficient for a good catch. It should be sown either on a light snow, late in March, or just when the ground is freezing and thawing and leaving cracks and crevices all over its surface in a manner highly injurious: to the wheat crop. but just the condition for successful seeding. Alsike will usually do well sown with oats or buckwheat if tho nurse crop is not sown too thick. .\s it lodges very easily it is a very good plan to sow a think sprinkling of timothy with it to hold it up. llnlike the red clovor the first CI‘UD must be cut for seed, but as it is a good yielder, and there is always a good de— mand for the seed at paying prices, it is a very profitable crop to growlfor seed. An average yield of seed would be about four bushels per acre, but it has been known. to go as high as seven and per- haps even more to the acre. As it very seldom sells below $8 per bushel, and as the hay, after being run through the huller, is still better than are the other clovers without hulling. it would seem that bee—keepers may safely depend upon this plant, since the area devoted to it is sure to increase year by year. Mecosta Co. L. C. WHEELER. was within our means.” and Broader AYBE you want to get your machine quick —- maybe you want to be ready for early hatches. If you ' ;- do, you take no risk whatever over any risk you take when ordering from any- where else. In ordering direct from this adver- tisement. you save time and trouble and l guar- antee everything to be satisfactory. Here is my proposition—for only $7.55 I will ship to you. all freight prepaid East of the Rockies. my 140—Egg Double World’s Champion- ship Belle City Incubator "the machine that has won the World's Championship in over five thousand hatches. Read description— My l40-Egg Belle City World’s Championship Incubator has simple. perfect self-regulator correct hot water heating system. copper tank. and boiler, safety lamp, double walls and double door. with dead air space all over. with roomy nursery and strong egg tray. Of course the thermometer is right; I use the“Tycos.” I also supply egg-tester, burner. funnel, everything you need including valuable instruction book on operation. hatching and care of chicks. ’I‘lio Belle City Brooder is as perfect as the In- cubutor~l40—chick size—arid my price is $4.85. Box 14, all agreemcn ts. JIM ROHAN, President BELLE CITY INCUBATOR C0. Racine. Wisconsin m k h “To "7mm. It May Concern: at h“: B [guy Jim Rohan, Prim-Men! of (he Belle City Incubator Company, : Kl'nsaa Ci " o J’ is one ufour di'pasifurs—pcm‘cctly reliable in meri/ way and ‘ “how or 1‘ imagile arc per-flwly safe in. ordering his turn More and ' random from his admwrisrmcnrs. sending money in advance. 1 0 as we have known him. for years and know he willfulflll 4 'Egg $755 —_ Incubator (Signed) “Son, Our New Concrete Home Will Outlast You and Your Children’s Great-Grandchildren.” “Your mother and I planned and thought a long while before we made up our mind how to build. You had a lot to do with our decision. We wanted you to be proud ofyour home when you grow up——we wanted to build one that you could leave to your children——one that future gen- erations could take pride in as ‘the family home.’ “We found that concrete was the only material for our purpose that LEHIGHE‘t‘iihii The best builders in America use LEHIGH. The severest competitive tests have proven that LEHIGH has no superior in the world. For fineness, strength, uniformity and durability, LEHIGH is recognized by experts as being without a peer. Whether you are thinking of building a house, barn, sidewalk. water trough, it will pay you well to make sure of getting the best cement. The LEHIGH trademark on every sack is your guarantee of highest quality—the only quality you can afford to buy. cement Handbook FREE. complete instructions for the selection and use of cement for all kinds of farm uses. quest. A postal or letter will do. Lehigli Portland Cement Company, (11 Mills—11,000,000 Barrels Capacity) 534 People’s Gas Building, Chicago, lllinois. 0U Ca In Ordering a World’s Cham- pionship Belle City Incubator Gives full and Sent free on re- Write now. .AoA n Go Wrong Right From This Advertisement 0n 1, 2 or 3 Month’s Home Test It's double-walled. hot water. top-heated. metal saftylamp and burner, wire runway yard with platform. Absolutely the most perfect chick raiser made today. Combination $1150 Otter, Only = Ordered tom'thm‘. my BIO-Egg Belle City Incubator and Ida-Chick Brooder, will cost you only $11.50 All freight prepaid Eliot of the Rockies. This saves you ‘30“ which will furnish all the oil you will need for this sea » son hatches. I guarantee to ship orders received from this advertisement on the some duv received cl ther from my warehouse nearest you or Racine. This insures quick action—insures your gcttlng started early. Remember I guarantee to refund your money it you are not satisfied with your home test. Road the letter below from tho (‘ommercial and Say. lugs Bank of Racine us to your protection. Why not or. der now or let me semi my poi'ti'olio.“HathIIng Facts" —the most unique piece of poultry literature published —liiii‘ercnt from all the rest better than tlic best. This Portfolio sent with each machine mi mun“ u ordered, or I will mail it to you Frog for your name and address, on a. postal card. 1. Freight Prepaid East of Rockies 'n i... grants Weshlp “ C. R. CARPENTER, Cashier." process. No tamping or use of pallets. You can do the same. Catalogue. Makes tile 3 to 8 inches in dlam.. 12% inches long. One man or boy operates it by hand or power. 500 tile per day Dy hand. 1,200 by power. Tile thoroughly cured by patent This machine and tile used by Experiment Sta.- tions of Agricultural Colleges and the U. S. Dept. of Agriculture. doubled the yield of land by underdrainage. and saved 75% of cost by using our Machine. Save cost of hauling and breaking. Make perfect ' tile 33 to $5 per thousand. MACHINE SOLD DIRECT FROM FACTORY TO YOU. TEN DAYS’ FREE TRIAL. SEND NOW for 36—page Illustrated Tells you about great. benefits of underdrainage. how to take levels and get grades. make and lay your tile at low cost. ‘ FARMERS’ CEMENT TILE MACHINE COT. . 5.000 farmers have with Poultry and Farmers and Fanciers Will help many Farmers get more eggs—— better prices; make more and save more money; tellsthings few folks know on maki money With hens. Find 013% about AIIOPIOI'S Largest Line at Incubators and and get.six poultry chapters written by Robert Essex him- self—It s all in our Free Catalog—Write today. Address Big Story _o_t Ea Years l $935 BUYS 801'“ 125 EGG INOUBATOR $7.35 125 CHICK BROODER $4.00 A Bargain—THE NATIONAL Made of sheet steel. Double lined with asbestos and fibre board; cold rolled copper tank. Deep nursery. Best incubator made. Big hatches guaranteed. Send for free catalog and poultry book. National Incubator 00., 1223 191i! 8L, Racine, Win. Pure bred Chickens. Robert Essex incubator Co., 113 Henry SL, Buifalo, N. Y. Ducks. Geese. ‘ 55 BREEDS T... T... ' cubators. Supplies. and Collie Do Send 4 cents for lar 6 Poultry Book. cubator Catalog an Price List. H. “I H. HINIKER. Box 55 Mankato. Minn. 130 Egg Incubator $7.25 A H' h-trade butcher direct from factor at bed-mg: ‘ Triple walls covered with as es toe and vanized iron. Hot water copper tank self regulating, relegation simple. safe, set up complete. none that. usran- tes. Encoders $2.50 up. Isaiah Incubator 00.. oneybackpg BhCatadog ca. 301876., mama. mm AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AALAAAA PREPARATION AND CARE OF THE HOTBED, There are numerous contrivances for lengthening the period of growth for gar- den plants. chief among which are the hotbed and the, coldframe. We have to do in this consideration only with the hotbed since it comes first in the se- quence of putting into commission in the swing It may be stated by way of parenthesis that the farmer who operates a general farm is, perhaps in as good, if not a bet- ter, position for having upon his prem- ises a serviceable hotbed than any other class of persons, he being able to find about him practically all of the mate— 1ials needed, about the only cx