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The Only Weekly Agricultural, Horticultural and Live Stock Journal in the State.





 





 





VOL. CXXXII. No. 15.

Whole Number 3446.





DETROIT, MICH” SATURDAY. APRIL 10. 1909.





15 cams A YEA ‘





”.50 THREE YEAR





 





FARM NOTES.





 





Preparing for the Corn Crop.



The selecting and testing of the seed

t- L. l before planting, so as to make sure

of a good stand of corn under normal

conditions has been talked and written

about so much during recent years that

it would seem that little remains to be

said, and yet it is doubtless a fact that

not 10 per cent of the farmers of the state

or country make an ear test of their seed

corn. This is an important item in the

preparations for the corn crop which

should not be neglected. The advantages

of testing the seed corn in the manner

so often described in these columns so

that the ears from which the kernels are

taken for the trial may be saved or re—

jected in accordance with their perfor-

mance in the germinating box need not

be further emphasized. hey are apparent

to every man who has given the subject

any t'hot. But that the work of selecting

seed corn may be profitably carried to

the kernels after the ears have been se—

lected and tested, is a new idea to many.

This is a point which was emphasized

by Mr. Davis, of Indiana, in his corn

talks at the Round—Up Institute. He

urged the careful hand picking of the

seed, even where the corn grader is used

to get uniform sized kernels, so as to

get the kernels of such uniform size as

to insure accurate dropping by the

planter and to eliminate all poorly shaped

or broken kernels.



As a means of determining how much

there might be in this advice the writer

shelled two average seed ears. These

were in no sense show ears, but about

an average as compared with the seed

ears which are used on the average

farm for planting the main corn crop.

These ears were shelled without remov-

ing~tip or butt kernels, since a great

many farmers follow this practice in

preparing their seed, simply shelling it

in the corn shelter the same as they do

for chicken feed. As a means of illus-s

trating how much chicken feed there is

in an average ear of corn shelled in this

way, a sample was taken at random

from the box into which the two ears

were shelled and divided into two nearly

equal lots. One lot was photographed as

the sample run, and the other was picked

_ over by hand in order to get the small

or misshapen kernels out, thus leaving

a sample of seed that would be dropped

with a fair degree, of accuracy by the

corn planter, the two being photographed

separately. The accompanying illustra-

tion will show the results. The number

of kernels taken out was a surprise, and

the experiment was repeated with other

ears with very similar results.



This illustration should make it splain

to the average farmer that he cannot

afford to plant his seed without some

effort toward eliminating these undesir-

able kernels and grading that left for

size so that it will be dropped accurately

by the planter. If the illustration does

not, a few moments of experimenting

with ears from his own seed corn supply

will “go far toward convincing him. 01’

course, a good deal can be accomplished

by shelling off the tips and butts before

shelling the seed, but even then there

will be kernels in the seed that had for

better not be planted. But the hand-

picking of the seed will take very little

time, and the results will certainly be

profitable. It will cost very little to

handpick the seed to plant an acre, and

a few cents’ worth of time so expended

will be likely to yield a large return in

the increased yield secured from the

bétter stand of corn, which will not only

be much more accurately distributed in

the hills, but more uniform in the stalks

growing in those hills, since the plants





 





 





result when the mothers are well

Figures on Cost and Nutritive Value





 





 





A FEW LEADING ARTICLES OF THE WEEK.





Go Out of the Canada Thistle Business.—How a successful Mecosta county





farmer got rid of several patches ................. . ..... ..... . ....... 414

Getting Ready for the Spring Litter.—A time when diligence means dollars

in the pocket of the man who raises hogs ................................. 417





Give the Old EWes Good Care.—A better quality of lambs and more of them





the standpoint of digestible nutrients designed to aid the dairyman in





the selection of his feeds ................................................ 421

The Right and Wrong Way to Prune Apple Trees.—-\ successful grower



tells how apple trees should and should not be pruned ................ 426

General Observations on Poultry Houses.——Some helpful suggestions for



those inquircrs planning to build this season ............................ 428

Home and Youth.—-\Vhat Grandma knew of Easter time; Kitty's Easter





attended .............................. 419

of Dairy Feeds.——A comparison from





 





 





 





 





 





Offering; Significance of Easter; Symbolism—CiviliZt-d and Otherwise;

The Blessedness of Giving ........................................... 432-435

will all come from normally developed ,ccptionally fertile piece of soil which irid





kernels which, if they have been properly

tested for germination, will have about

an equal degree of vitality, hence may

be expected to devolop less weak and

barren stalks than is usual in the field,

where the seed is selected and tested

and planted in the too usual careless

way. ‘We believe that this is one of the

early preparations for the corn crop to

which it will pay to give some attention

on the average farm.

Cutting Alfalfa the First Season.



\Vill you please state thru your paper

whether or not alfalfa Should be cut the

first summer when sown in May or June.



Shiawassee Co. W. J. AUSTIN.



This depends altogether on the growth

which the alfalfa makes. We know of in-

stances right here in Michigan where a

good crop of hay was cut the same year

the alfalfa was sown. In one, case a

field was sown late in'June and almost

exactly two months from that date, a

crop yielding two tons per acre was cut

from it.





This, of Course, was an unex-





becn particularly well prepared for the

crop and is a very exceptional case. lfn-

dcr‘ordinary methods of growing the

crop it is probably better not to under-

take tO cut the hay from the field the

first year. It will generally, however, be

necessary to clip it back on account of

weeds which will be likely to encroach

upon it in the late summer, Generally

speaking, it should, however, be cut pro-

vided a fairly vigorous growth is pro-

duced just about the time the plant be-

gins to bloom, the owner using his judg-

ment as to whether it should be removed

from the land or allowed to remain as

a mulch for the protection of the young

plants. 'It is quite important that alfalfa

be cut at just the right time, not alone

on account of its higher feeding value,

but as well to insure a good yield of fu-

ture crops. At just about the time the

plant begins to bloom, new buds are sent

up from the crowns at the ground and

the. hay should be harvcstcd before these





 





 





 





 





 





 





Sample of Seed Corn Shelled Without Removing Ti and Butt Kernels; Also





Showing Result of Hand-oicking a





 





or tion of Sample.





 





get up to where they would be clipped

off with the mower. In fact when these

buds begin to grow it is time to cut the

crop for hay, which will be when the

first blossoms. begin to show in the field.



There is little question that the same

policy followed out in the cutting of clover

hay would prove beneficial in an equal

degree. There is. no doubt that the hay

would be worth much more for feed and

the second crop would be very much bet-

ter, in fact, by cutting‘it early as here

described, it has been demonstrated that

the common June clover cun be made to

yield three. fairly good crops of hay in a.

normal season right here in Michigan.



Growing Millet for Hay.



\\'ill you kindly answer the following

questions with regard to millet? Is the

hay good as fccd in winter? If so, how

much sccd should be sown to the acre

and at what time should it be sown?

Also at what stage of maturity should

it be out?



Montcalm Co. OLD SUBSCRIBER.



Millet is a plant which requires warm

Weather for successful growth. It also

prefers a. warm soil, hence a rich, well

drained sandy loam is best adapted to its

production. It is a hard plant on the

soil for the reason that it has a very

shallow root System, consequently draws

most of its plant food from near the sur—

face of the soil. It should be sown on a.

well prepared seed bed the latter part of

May or the first of June. W'hcn grown

for hay about a busheletaoisnhrdludluu

for lmy about half a bushel of seed per

acre is sown of the common sort; for

seed only about half this quantity is used.

A great deal depends upon the stage of

maturity at which the millet is cut, so

far as the quality of the hay produced is

concerned. It should be cut between the

time. it heads out and its late bloom.

("titling should never be delayed until

the sot-d lit-gills to ripen, owing to the

possible injurious effects upon live stock,

especially horses, to which it may be

fed. \Vherc hay containing millet seed

is fed to horses continuously as the ex-

clusive fodder ration, it someti’ines’d’ias an

injurious effect upon the kidneys, also

producing swclling of the joints and other

cvidcnccs of injury. For this reason, if

Illilit'l. is to be 11-11 to lml‘st‘s, it should be

cut mumparativvly green and carefully

cured.



Cement Floors for the Granary.



(‘an you tcll nu- il' a cement floor for a

granary floor Would be all right? I am

thinking of building a granary with Ztl—in

walls above, ground with cement, the

same as sidewalks are made of.



Ncwaygo Co. SUBSCRIBER.



Tho experience of different farmers

sccllls to differ in regard to the use of

('(‘lllt‘lli floors in the granary. “'here the

floors 111'“ lll'Ollt'W‘li' laid and allowed to

get ihoroly dry before using, there seems

to have becn no difficulty with them;

but where used too Soon or where the

drainage below them is not sufficiently

good, others have had trouble with the

grain spoiling upon being stored in the

granary thru the Summer. Th floor

should be sufficiently high andi'ggven a

proper foundation to secure thoro drain-

age, giving the moisture. from the soil no

opportunity to pom-irate the cement.



Beets in the Crop Rotation.





Two years ago I turned down a heavy

sod which had been used for a pasture

lot and secured a seed crop of fodder

corn. Last year I manured quite heavy

and planted to stock beets. This winter

I have been scattering bean-pods on it





. for my sheep, and the ground is covered





with a mat of bean stalks and sheep

manure. This is the only real convenient

place I‘ havo for potatoes this year but

am a little tafraid potatoes and beets are

00 nine to same nature to s ccee

each other. ' . .u g 6‘

Montcalm Co. 0. M. BLAl'Ii;

This raises a point of no little interest

in its relation to soil fertility. It is now





contended by good authoritiés that cer—

tain crops, particularly root crops, leave





   

   

   





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»...~;<¢»—1—,r« 5.





.- ‘a a. u...
414 (2)





a sort of toxic excreta in the soil, which

is injurious to the crops which folldw‘

This plant poison has been isolated and

given a name by scientists who have con-

ducted investigations along this line and

it is to its presence in the soil that the.

general failure in growing a good crop

of corn after sugar beets is attributed.

However, this poisonous effect .is not

noted in equal degree with all crops,

hence the. theory is not entirely borne

out in agricultural practice. VVhet'her

potatoes will do well after sugar beets

is a question which can only be deter-

mined by trying it upon any particular

soil, since an effect which would be very

apparent on one soil might not be notic—

able on another. Generally speaking, it

is not good practice to follow a crop with

another with similar habits of growth in

the crop rotation, but with good fertili—

zation this is entirely possible and with

good results. It has been demonstrated

that with proper fertilization potatoes

can be successfully grown for successive

years on the same land, altho this is not

generally practiced on account of the

greater danger to be encountered from

the fungous diseases which attack the

crop. Of course, in a case like this where

potatoes follow beets this danger would

not be a factor to be considered. Person-

ally the writer would not hesitate to try

the experiment if no better solution of the

problem offered, but Would not expect

as good a crop of potatoes as tho the

crop came after grass in the crop rota—

tion. However, the result will' prove as

interesting as it is problematiual, and we

would be glad to "have a report from the

iiiduirer touching the success of the crop

if he decides to plant the potatoes after

the beets.

Grading the Barnyard.



I am thinking of putting up a new barn

along hillside, which in my judgment.

mach it somewhat inconvenient, as the

substance all, or nearly all, Icaches out

of the manure. The bill is not very

steep, but just enough so that about all

water runs off. “'hat would you advise.

me to do, bank up around outside, of yard

so as to retain the water, somewhat

kettle like. I hear farmers say a. dry

barnyard is far better than a wet one,

as straw thrown in water will not rot

soon.



Monroe Co. SUBSCRIBER.



Without doubt a level yard is more de-

sirable than one located on a hillside,

especially if the soil is a comparatively

dry one. Not long ago the writer saw

a yard graded on a site which compares

in every way with this description, which

seemed to him to be ideal for the pur—

pose. In excavating for the basement

the dirt had been distributed over the

area intended for the yard, bringing it

to grade. This grade was about level

with the barn site next to the founda-

tion. but at the end of the yard opposite

the barn was from three to four feet

higher than the adjacent ground level.

A tile drain had been laid about the out—

side of the yard, which discharged at the

corner where the adjacent level was low-

est, the cave trofs from the barn also

discharging thru this tile on the lower

side of the yard. Thus a comparatively

dry yard was secured, from which the

loss of plant food from leaching was re-

duced to the minimum. No water was

allowed to run into this yard from the

barn roof, and a liberal bedding of straw

absorbed the water which fell into it

in the form of rain.



\‘l'ith such an arrangement the manure

dropped in the. yard will be fairly well

«.mserved, and by hauling that made in

the stables direct to the field, the con-

servation of the manure made during the

winter season is as perfect as it can well

be without the use of a paved yard and

cisterns for the liquid manure.





GO OUT OF THE CANADA THISTLE

BUSlNESS.





The excellent article in answer to P.

\'., of Macomb county, ("(llil'l'l'lllllg‘ the

treatment of land infl-stcd with Canada

thislles, suggests seine thnts to me that

might be of Some benefit to Michigan

farmers.



We have a good many thistle patches

Multiplied around thru the country, and

those patches are spreading and becom—

int.r more numerous.



Our lawS restraining thistles from going

to seed are not strictly enforced.



(‘onsequcntly if a man would keep his

farm reasonably free. from thistles he

must practice that “eternal vigilance”

that they tell us is the price of liberty—s

liberty from the thistle pest.



About five years ago I bet a forty across

the read from my farm that was liter-

ally covered with t‘histles. After pur-

chasing this land I summer fall

using a wheel cultivator and a Sigridgif.’





THE MICHIGAN, FARMER.





ing over it every two weeks all summer.



I used a little tool Called 3. “Dock

Spud” for cleaning out the fence corners

——digging out every thistle. ,



The next year I planted this ground

to beans, giving them cultivation and

Using hoe and spud, and there have been

no thistles on this land since.



On another forty joining this on the

south which the owner sold to me, partly

as he said, because the thistles were

driving him out, I tried a little different

plan. Tho the land was badly run down

t‘hru continuous cropping, I planted it to

corn. I thot I’d better get rid of the

thistles, even at the loss of some fer:

tility, before I seeded it to clover.



This field got one more cultivation than

usual for corn, and was gone over every

two weeks with a hoe, and every thistle

in the hills as well as out, was pulled

up. Just before harvesting this corn

which, by the way, was a very fair crop,

a peek of c‘ovcr seed was sown to the

acre and cultivated in.



We got a splendid “catch” and the

thistles did not “show up” that season.



A few thistles came up the last season

,in this field, whether from seed or some

dormant roots, I am unable to say.



As the land is in pasture now, I shall

dispose of these plants with the “spud"

next season.



Brother farmers, let's not raise thistle-s.

There is no nee-'d of it. Let us also see

that our neighbors go out of the thistle

business. ’





Meeosta Co. A. VAN ALSTINE.





EVE RGRE—E-hl cams"; FORAGE

CROP.





 





In a recent issue of The Farmer I no-

ticed an article on “Sweet Corn as an

Ensilage Crop.” Now, not having had

any experience with a silo I am not

prepared to take issue with the brother,

but I have. had a considerable experience

with Late Evergreen sweet corn as a

late forage crop. I cannot recommend it

too highly for cows and hogs. If the

average farmer only knew the great ad-

vantage of putting out a patch of sweet

corn for fall feed they certainly would

not think of getting along without it.



I have found that a late variety, pre-

ferably “Late Evergreen,” is the most

desirable as it reaches a feeding maturity

at a time when the pastures are liable

to be dried up, and besides, Late Ever-

green gives a greater yield of corn and

fodder than most other Varieties. A

person who has never tried it will be

very much surprised to see what a yield

they can obtain from a patch of two or

three acres.



The first time that I tried it I put out;

about two acres in a field that I de-j

sired to plow up for wheat. I started:

to cut and feed it as soon as I had taken

my oats out of the rest of the lot. My‘

cows and pigs nearly lived on it and they

could not consume it fast enough to

clear the field in time for late seeding.



It will give splendid results planted

in hills, drilled or sowed broadcast, but

if a person desires it for very late feed

I would recommend it.be planted in hills

or check rowed as it will give so much

better yield of ears. It is not only very

valuable as a green feed but is profitable

to raise for winter fodder as the stock

will eat it ever so much cleaner than

they will ordinary field corn. I expect to

put out a good sized field this season to

cut late for Winter feed as my hay crop

is liable to be short and I know of nothing

better, all things considered.



I do not know whether it would be a

desirable crop to raise for the silo or

not, but am satisfied from my own ex—

perience and that of tiny neighbors that

no farmer who does not own a silo can

miss it by putting out a liberal crop of

Late Evergreen.





Clinton Co. H. M. F.





How to Build Rural Telephone Lines.



A new booklet has just been received

from the Western Electric Company. en-

titled, “How to Build Telephone Lines."

livery farmer knows the value of a tele-

phone, but most of them think it requires

an expert to put up a system; and only

a few know how easy it is to organize a

company and build a line which will give

good service at a moderate cost. This

booklet tells you the “how” and “why"

of telephone line construction. It is not

made up of a series of glittering general—

ities, but instead gives definite informa—

tion. It tells you how to construct a.

telephone line, how to install the instru-

ments and connect them to the line, the

material needed and the cost. In short,

it tells you what you should know in a.

simple and interesting way. This book

is handsomely illustrated and the West-

ern Electric Company, who are the larg-

est manufacturers of telephones and tel-





ephone apparatus in the world, will mail‘ We 8180 sell NITRATE 0F SODA.





the book free to any readers of-this pa-

per who care to write for it. The ad-

dress of the Western Electric Company

can be found in





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, APRIL 10, 1909.





 





 





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CHICAGO





 





- t h e m o s t

out of a farm,

every square f 0 0t

must be either tilled or else

, made to produce feed for live

stock. A fence all around the farm,

then cross fences, making more and

smaller fields—permittin g rotation of,

. . _ ., crops and change of pasture—are first

essentials in making possible maximum earnings.





" Here are two great fences—the best square mesh and the best diamond mesh.

We selected these two styles years ago. after careful study and advice from many of

the most experienced and successful farmers, the correctness of which has been veri-

fied by actual results in the field. These fences are the Simplest in construction;

are made of any size or Weight of wire desired and perfectly adapted to all uses

and conditions. .



If you want square mesh. buy American: if you like diamond, buy Ellwood.

You can safely taketbeverdict of the millions of farmers who have tested and

tried out these two great fences. Dealers everywhere. carrying styles adapted

to every purpose. See them. Catalogue for the asking.





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initiallltltiiTl'tmm

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AGENTS WANTE





We offer the beat goods {or the lowest prices and most reasonable terms.

, SULPHATE and MURIATE of POTASH.

ACID PHOSPHATE. AGRICULTURAL LIME.





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to 11 run 11 ' ,

:ghizn claune FCI'IIIIZCI'S





 





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APRIL 10, ‘1909.





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.‘ (a) 415





 





LILLIE FARMSTEAD NOTES.





 





The Ear-to-Row Seed Corn Test.



We propose to put into practice on.

Lillie Farmstead this coming season, the;

ear-to-row test for seed corn and to fol— l

low it up for a sufficient number of

years to note t‘h‘oroly the results which‘





A11 Built of

Concrete





 





 





 





can be accomplished. As i





 





every one i y





 





 





knows great claims have been made for»

this system of testing seed corn. In fact,

some people have gone so far as to claim

that the yield of corn can be doubled ill

one will carefully carry out this system;





 





 





of selecting «seed corn. The idea is that

different cars of corn show marked indl- .

viduality that cannot be detected in any,





other way only by planting them sepay -





rately. We shall plant separate ears of;

corn in rows 40 rods long. A row 40 rods .

long will take the largest part of the

corn on one single ear and this will be

planted in a row by itself and we shall

select about a dozen of the very best

appearing ears that can be found in all

of our seed corn that we have selected,

for this year. Then, of course, we will

note results. If one ear grows better

corn than another to any marked degree,

then the seed will be selected from this

row to carry on the experilment next

year. That is, a dozen or so ears will be

selected to carry on the seed plan and the ,

rest of the corn in this row will be used1

for the main planting as far as ,it will

go, and the next best row, etc., will be‘

used for the balance. This will be com—

pared with seed taken from the main

field and kept separately. Of course, all

of the seed corn will be tested carefully

for its germinating power and only those

cars will be taken for seed which show

that they have strong vitality to begin

with. \Ve are hopeful that this system

will prove all that its most ardent par-

tisans claim for it, but I want to carry

on the experiment myself and take no

facts second handed. ‘ '

Caps for Curing Clover Hay.





 





For almost every con-

struction purpose—from

hitching-posts to dwell-

ing houses -— concrete

takes the place of lumber

or brick.





ATLAS—CEMENT





loo-Ilounon'ol-

“nun-u-





Y ‘ IIIIHIHIHIHHH





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Cement is the heart of concrete, and the quality of the

concrete construction depends on the quality of the





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cement used. The United States Government—has





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





“55’" "1"“ 5““ ~ 5 . ordered 4,500,000 barrels of ATLAS Portland Cement

;. ‘ for use in construction work on the Panama Canal. That

'“r‘ ” ' “" shows what expert judges think of ATLAS. When you

“id-mus. . , buy a bag or a barrelof ATLAS Portland Cement you get the

i " f “"3332 , , same quality that the United States Government has purchased.

...:::;::._..;-,., a w; , -'- Concrete Buildings Need No Repairs

“3,4537,an \k L. 3 When you put up a concrete building, or a concrete fence or watering

..7.:?.‘:‘:.:.. “‘“*“".'N__‘ . '1 ”55‘ trough, it is there to stay as long as the land stays. It cannot burn or wear

* ‘ " L 1‘ F‘- 1-,. out—and it is the most economical building material for the farmer.

«Mani-M ._ - 5"“ , ”J ' w h ' ' ' b k n d “C t C truc-

.~. ........ m... su :i- h i 59* “’3'," _ FREE BOOK tioen Xbo‘irTih: fidfigfrtlldeonofheclaraim.’ oil‘fv'ilel s‘liovycgu how

“WWW U /,r L ' to use this handy material in a hundred diflcrent ways. We will send you this book free.

' V '- ‘ J '”' If your local dealer does not carry ATLAS, write us.

, D... a , THE ATLAS PORTLAND CEMENT COMPANY,

k ,4: . - Department 12, 30 Broad Street, New York.

W”“W‘Wlwm‘:“%, MQDEL FARM, . . Daily Productive Capacity Over 40,000 Barrels, the Largest in the WON“-





~ “uh."





~\





 





. .m, .

\~\\-\~_V‘.Un| s ‘





 





 





To properly cure the first cutting of

alfalfa and, in fact, to properly cure the

first cutting of clover hay if it is cut as

green as it ought to be, it is very risky

unless one has caps for covering the-

cocks. XVhere the hay is cut as green

as it should be in order to get best

results and make proper provision for

the second cutting, it is almost impos-

sible to cure it without cocking it, be-

cause it has to lay in the, swath or wind-

row so long that much of it would blister

in the sun, and then it would be so long

that one could hardly expect at that'timas

of the year to have it cured without

having a rain. And we all know that

where clover is partially cured and then

wet by a good shower of rain that it is

well nigh ruined. The loss incurred is

in proportion to the extent to which the

clover is dried before the rain comes.

If the clover is nearly dry enough to go

into the barn and a good shower of rain

comes, it practically makes the clover

wortl'ilcss. A little rain just as the





 





clover is commencing to cure does not





Delivered to

/ your station

In Indiana.





Buy a Freight-Paid “Genius





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





. afifl‘





A rig laid-down at YOUll railroad station. You know the exact cost—no :





figuring —no guessing—easy to compare prices with your home dealer—



. . . . . - Illinois.

no chance for argument. The buying Simplified and With it Ward Quality. Michigan

Genuine hickory 16-inch wheels. Long-distance axles. Oil-tempered. Elliptic springs. Steel Bailey loo ”[38:11; and Ohio.



ti.





under-Circle anti-rattlin fifth wheel. Double-braced. full ironed hickory reaches” 24-inch hardwom

body. Triple—braced, soli panel seat back. Auto high scat Hides. Special “Ward" sent ironing. Leather quarter

top. Heavy rubber side curtains. Solid board boot. Steel frame leather dash. Double-braced hickory shafts.

Body painted block. all hand work. Gcor Brewster green. red or blue, all hand work. Auto cloth upholstering.

Furnished complete with carpet. storm apron. side curtains. anti-rattlers, \Viu'ranty Against Defects an

a Guarantee of satisfaction, at the prices named below, Delivered at. your railroad 51 95

Station. Order No. J111-—Illin0is. Indiana, Michigan and Ohio ........................................ 0

Connecticut, Delaware Iowa. Kentucky, Massachusetts. Maine, Maryland New York, 54 15

New Hampshire, New Jersey. R. Island. Tenn., Virginia, W.Virginia and Vermont, 0

Missouri. Pennsylvania and Wisconsin ............ .... ......... .... ......... .... .......... "$53-00



Is there any good reason why one or more middlemen should come between the manufacturer

of vehicles and tho user? The actual value of a. buggy whether it is made in our factory or any

factory anywhere is the manufacturer's cost. Anything over that is too much except. a rea-

sonnble and fair profit. to the factory. Is not that so? UR factory is exclusively for

users and the only one in the linltotl States where the entire. output, is shipped

derCt. We are saving our customersflrmn 25 to 40 per cent on every vehicle purchased.



We want you to know the real facts about our rigs. We want to send you free, a copy of our

large. new. SPECIAL VEHICLE CATALOGUE just. off the press.containing the most open,

frank. down-under—the—paint description of vehicle work ever put. out by a vehicle manufac-

turer and the prices are the lowest ever known on first-class work.



Our methods are fully explained—our Warranty against defects—muz- absolute Guarantee of

Satisfaction. 300.000 copies ready for distribution. Write today, sure. lou cannot. aflord to be

Without it. No trouble toanswer questions.





Write (or

Prices to

Your Station





 





 





 





 





Montgomery Ward & C0., "”“fi‘iLfii’ffili’3i3333” “"“ Chicago 7.





 





hurt so much, but as it nears the drying

stage rain is much more injurious. If

you leave the hay and do not cut it until

it is well nigh matured, then it can be

hauled in, but this does not make as

good hay and this will not assure a good

second crop. I am of the opinion that if

common red clover hay is cut early

cnough for thc first cutting that it will

be much imorc palatable and digestible

and contain a largcr pcr ccnt of protciii,

consequently be more valuable, and at

the same time when it is cut at this time

you are practically assured of a second

cutting that will approximate it in yield.

and we are all aware that this is true

of alfalfa. Consequently if we go into

the hay field this year with the idea of

handling our crop in this way, it ‘will be

necessary to have some hay caps. These

hay caps can be made out of common.

cotton cloth by tearing it into squares

and tying weights on the'corners. This

is ‘what we propose to do. I am not sure

yet how many we will get but I shall

certainly try the experiment.



These hay caps can be used in the oat

field and wheat field to good advantage,

especially on a portion of the field which

is to be used for seed. I am of the opin-

ion that if an acre or two of cats and

the same amount of wheat could be

shocked up in good round shocks and

then covered with a good hay cap so that

it would be absolutely protected against

rain, and then the seed for the next crop

taken from this portion of the field that

was covered, that we would have a great

deal better quality of seed and it would

have more vitality. It might not make

so much difference in some year-s that

are exceptionally good for the curing of





 





 





_' proven this to such an extent





 

   

   

 

 

 

 





ax





We will give $100.00 for WESTERN OAHADA





the 5 best ears of seed corn v 320 Acres Instead all“ Acres





sent us before Nov. lst, 1909 by users of Asfurtherinducementtoset-





THE APPLETON " ,0 3.335%°v§vétteivnhtttfii27l§§

MANURE SPREADER





 

 





 

 

 

 





 

 





 

 

 





I '

be purchased at only $3.00

per acre. These lands are in

the grain-raising area, where

mixed fur-min r is also carried

on With unqua ified success.



A railway will shortly be built

to Hudson Bay, bringing the world’s

markets u. thousand miles nearer these

wheat. fields, where schools and

churches are convenient, clllnute

excellent. railways close to all set-

‘ tlements and local markets good.



"'It would take time to assimilate the revs-

lations that a visit. to the great empire lying

to the North of us unfolded at every turn."

Correspondence of an Illinois Editor. who

visited Western Canada in August, 1908.



Lands may also he purchased from Railway

Ind Land Companies at low prices and on

easy terms. For pamphlets, map: and infor-

mation as to low Railway Rates. apply to Sup’t

of Immigration. Ottawa, Cam. or to tho

luthorized Canadian GovernmentAgont.





M V. McInnes, GAVAO. Theatre Block.





Detroit Mich.; O . Laurier. Mur-

auetto. Mich.





Three Daily Papers





For those who would like to have

three daily papers a week, we have ar-

ranged with the New York Thrice-a-

Week World so that we can offer it with





 





Canadian Government has in-

creased the area that. may be

taken by a. homesteader to 320

acres—160 free and 160 to



bought In 1909. Write today for full partic-



ulars. and ask for our FREE SPREADER



BO’WK, which proves that the Appleton Manure



Spreader IS as strong as steel and oak can make





   

 

 





‘ manllldimm.mr‘g- -





.3 7W





 

   





I?) 5.1-. .1 can run it as well as any man: and so effective

" v in operation that it never bunches the manure.

I“ but pulverizes thoroughly and distributes evenly )'





   





 





from the beginning to the end of the load.





APPLETON MF’G. CO.

Batavia. “L, U. S. A. ’





 

 





   





 





20 Fargo St.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 





ing on the track; the sim-

plest lock that'works per—

fectly every time; patented

sw1vel takes kinks out. of rope.

Why not buy a. LOUDEN carrier that.

will be good for life. We are hay tool spec-

ialists—Free calalo ue of LOUDEN Lit-

— ter Carriers. lexible Barn Door

* _ Hangers and other labor sav-

‘ ln'g hardware specialties

Will show you why.





ly



W You can’t afford to over-

: _ look the_LOUDEN Hay Car-

_rier:—that_is if you want a car- . ‘

nor that Will never break down:

that you do not lend away for re airs

every now and then. Years of ard

usage by thousands of farmers have



~\





 

   

 

 





 

 

 

 





that they will not b

hay tools. forks. slin 5.

tracks without he ‘





 

 

 

 





name LOUDEN on . Free Boo let. the Michi an Fa '

them. Never ' \ \ “Filling up . g rmer a year for only

any bmd- . Barns." '91-‘10; that is. both papers a year each





l H” i for that price.



ill illlllllllll H l l ”m1 Bur agents.

THE MICHIGAN FARMER,



Detroit, Mich.





Send orders to us or





. ' i‘iiiliillllllllilllllllllllll"NIH/uni nimii... \X‘“





LOUDEN MACHINERY (20.. 603 Broadway. Fairneld. Iowa.
414 (2)





a sort of toxic excreta in the soil, which

is injurious to the crops which follow.

This plant poison has been isolated and

given a name by scientists who have con-

ducted investigations along this line, and

it is to its presence in the soil that the.

general failure in growing a. good crop

of corn after sugar beets is attributed.

However, this poisonous effect is not

noted in equal degree with all crops,

hence the theory is not entirely borne

out in agricultural practice. VVhet‘her

potatoes will do well after sugar beets

is a question which can only be deter-

mined by trying it upon any particutar

soil, since an effect which would be very

apparent on one soil might not be notic—

able on another. Generally'speaking, it

is not good practice to follow a crop with

another with similar habits of growth in

the crop rotation, but with good fertili-

zation this is entirely possible and with

good results. It has been demonstrated

that with proper fertilization potatoes

can be successfully grown for successive

years on the same land, altho this is not

generally practiced on account of the

greater danger to be encountered from

the fungous diseases which attack the

crop. Of course, in a case like this where

potatoes follow beets this danger would

not be a factor 'to be considered. Person-

ally the writer would not hesitate to try

the experiment if no better solution of the

problem offered, but Would not expect

as good a crop of potatoes as tho the

crop came after grass in the crop rota—

tion. However, the result will prove as

interesting as it is problematical, and we

would be glad to have a report from the

inouirer touching the success of the crop

if he decides to plant the potatoes after

the beets. I

Grading the Barnyard.



I am thinking of putting up a new barn

along hillside, which in my judgment.

makes it somewhat lllt‘llllVl‘llit‘nt, as the

substance all, or nearly all, leaches out

of the manure. The bill is not very

steep, but just enough so that about all

water runs off. “'hat would you advise

me to do, bank up around outside of yard

so as to retain the water, somewhat

kettle like. I hear farmers say a dry

barnyard is far better than a wet one,

as straw thrown in water will not rot

soon.



Monroe Co. SUBSCRIBER.



Vl'ithout doubt a, level yard is more de-

sirable than one located on a hillside,

especially if the soil is a comparatively

dry one. Not long ago the writer saw

a yard graded on a site which compares

in every way with this description, which

seemed to him to be ideal for the pur—

pose. In excavating for the basement

the dirt had been distributed over the

area intended for the yard, bringing it

to grade. This grade was about level

with the barn site next to the founda-

tion. but at the end of the yard opposite

the barn was from three to four feet

higher than the adjacent ground level.

A tile drain had been laid about the out—

side of the yard, which discharged at the

corner where the adjacent level was low-

est, the cave trofs from the barn also

discharging thru this tile on the lower

side of the yard. Thus a comparatively

dry yard was secured, from which the

loss of plant f0od from leaching was re-

duced to the minimum. No water was

allowed to run into this yard from the

barn roof, and a liberal bedding of straw

absorbed the water which fell into it

in the form of rain.



“'ith such an arrangement the manure

dropped in the. yard will be fairly well

t‘ollsrl'Vt‘d, and by hauling that made in

tile stables direct to the field, the con-

servation of the manure made during the

winter season is as perfect as it can well

lw without the use of a paved yard and

cisterns for the liquid manure.





GO OUT OF THE CANADA THISTLE

BUSINESS.





The oxwllent article in answer to P.

\'.. of Mat-omb county, concerning the

treatment of land infested with Canada

thistles, suggests some thots to me that

might be of some benefit to Michigan

farmers.



We have a good many thistle patches

«uttered around thru the country, and

those patches are spreading and becom~

lug more numerous.



Our laWS restraining thistles from going

to seed are not strictly enforced.



Consequently if a 'man would keep his

farm reasonably free from thistles he

must practice that “eternal vigilance”

that they tell us is the price of liberty—a

liberty from the thistle. pest.



About five years ago I bot a forty across

the read from my farm that was liter-

ally covered with t‘histles. After pur-

chasing this land I summer fall

using a wheel cultivator and a disfidgg:





THE MICHIGAN_ FARMER, , , ' ,APRIL 10,1909.





ing over it every two weeks all summer.



I used a little tool called 8. “Dock

Spud” for cleaning out the fence corners

—digging out every thistle. .



The next year I planted this ground

to beans, giving them cultivation and

using hoe and spud, and there have been

no thistles on this land since.



On another forty joining this on the

south which the owner sold to me, partly

as he said, because the thistles were

driving him out, I tried a little different

plan. The the land was badly run down

t'hru continuous cropping, I planted it to

com. I thot I’d better get rid of the

thistles, even at the loss of some fer:

tility, before I seeded it to clover.



This field got one more cultivation than

usual for corn, and was gone .ovcr every





 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 

   





 





A Genuine SURETY BOND GUARANTEE





two weeks with a hoe, and every thistle v with every roll of Congo.



in the bills as well as out, was pulled



Up- Just before harvesting this corn So many guarantees are given antee, and any man who desires

“111011, by the WW. “'88 a very fair crop, nowadays that to a certain extent the best roofiing for his money,

a Dt‘ck 0f C'OVPI‘ S("0d Was sown to the they have lost their value; but the and wants the same backed by a

acre and cultivated in. one which accompanies each roll reputable house as well as by a.



We got a Splendid “catch” and the of Congo is 'dlfferent from all Surety Bond, can do no better than

thistles did not “show up” that season. others.‘ invest in Congo.



A few thistles came up the last season It is a genuine Surety Bond Samples will be sent for the ask-

,in this field, whether from seed or some backed by the National Surety ing, and we know if you test it

dormant POOtS. I am unable to say. 00., one of the largest and best thoroughly, as a roofing should be



As the land is in pasture now, I shall known Surety Companies in this tested, there will be no hesitation

dispose of these plants with the “spud" country. It protects you abso- on your part in securing it quickly.

next season. lutcly. Further information, samples,



irother farmers, let’s not raise thistles. It is a distinct, clear—cut guar- etc., on request.





 





There is no need of it. Let us also see





that. our neighbors go out of the thistlei UNITED ROOFING AND nvFic C00





business. B h F t C

Mccosta, Co. A. VAN ALSTINE. Successors to no anon os er 0.





*__._.____. _’,_-_ 535 WEST END TRUST BLDG.. PHILADELPHIA. PA.

EVERGREEN CORN AS A FORAGE CHICAGO SAN FRANCISCO

CROP.





 





 





 





In a recent issue of The Farmer I no-

ticed an article on “Sweet Corn as an

Ensilage Crop.” Now, not having had

any experience with a silo I am not

prepared to take issue with the brother,

but I have. had a considerable experience

with Late Ev’ergreen sweet corn as a.

late forage crop. I cannot recommend it

too highly for cows and hogs. If the

average farmer only knew the great ad-

vantage of putting out a patch of sweet

corn for fall feed they certainly would

not think of getting along without it.



I have found that a late variety, pre—

ferably “Late Evergreen,” is the most

desirable as it reaches a feeding maturity

at a time when the pastures are liable

to be dried up, and besides, Late Ever-

green gives a greater yield of corn and

fodder than most other varieties. A

person who has never tried it will be

very much surprised to see what a yield

they can obtain from a patch of tWO or]





 





 





three acres. l



The first time that I tried it I put out, the mOSt

about two acres in a field that I de-j 1 . -- . , out Of a, farm,

sired to plow up for Wheat. I started1 .. fr” : ,' ~~ ., every Square fOOt

to cut and feed it as soon as I had taken " > . .11 d 1

my cats out of the rest of the lot. My ' _ ‘ , ’ must be elther t1 6 or 6. SC

cows and pigs nearly lived on it and they ’ ' '~ made to prOduce feed for llve

could not consume it fast enough to . ,«

clear the field in time for late seeding. , . - .. stock. A fence all around the farm,



It will give splendid results planted .. . then cross fences, making more and

in hills, drilled or sowed broadcast, but ,' ‘ ‘ - - -

if a person desires it for W, W, feed . , smaller fields permlttmg rotat1on of,

I would recommend it‘be planted in hills _> .. crops and change of pasture—are first

Y‘ltfhedi 1‘"; W? as “12“,” g“ 5‘; "1“” essentialsin making possible maximum earnlngs.

“ er y e 0 cars. S not on y \ery 0‘ -- h d the best diamond-mesh.

. I Here are two great fences the best square mes an

‘ aluable as a green feed mm is profitable We selected these two styles years ago, after careful study and advice from many of -

to raise for winter fodder as the stock themost exgplerien‘oled andgucgelsasfuqugrmerfsdhe conefhtness oflwltnctlli 1332851223831.- ..

tu res ts n e e . ese ences are esxmp es .

“ I” eat it ever so much cleaner than 333 31132 of any size or weight of wire desired and perfectly adapted to all uses

they will ordinary field corn. I expect to andconditions.

put out a. good sized field this season to I! you want square mesh, buy American; it you like diamond. buy Ellwood.



‘ > You can safely takethe verdict of the millions of farmers who have tested and



(int late for winter feed as my hay crop . tried out these two great fences. Dealers everywhere.carrying styles adapted

is liable to be short and I know 0f nothing " to every purpose. See them. Catalogue for the asking.

Wt”, 3“ things considered AMERICAN STEEL 8: WIRE co.



I do not know whether it would be a - Chicago New York Denver San Francisco

desirable crop to raise for the silo or ,





33:23:: :33: are tremeigzzr a; é-"antiserum‘fm‘fluv

. urinarfl‘l’flltv





no farmer who does not own a silo can {gflfilfi

miss it by putting out a liberal crop or églflAVA’lvév





* ill-.2 ( .

Late Evergreen. - if‘fv'fiigfflgfiflfit {it ,3", givg;

‘ - v ' ‘- ' ‘3 . ,. _

(.llnton L0. H. M. F. . .‘H’A: it WT ‘ 2 . 3‘ ‘ V‘:G"? V .

How to Build Rural Telephone Llnes. v :é‘ '

A new booklet has just been received ., '=





from the Western Electric Company, en-

titled, ”How to Build Telephone Lines.”

livery farmer knows the value of a tele-

phone, but most of them think it requires

an expert to put up a system; and only

a few know how easy it is to organize a

company and build a line which will give

good service at a moderate cost. This

booklet tells you the “how” and ”Why"

of telephone line construction. It is not

made up of a series of glittering general-

ities, but instead gives definite informa-

tion. It tells you how to construct a

telephone line, how to install the instru-

ments and connect them to the line, the

material needed and the cost. In short,





it tell. you what you should k i to! 113 mu lino . .

simpleg and interesting way. 1:11:11: bide: AGENTS WANTE ofehigh 0133! Fertillzers





is handsomely illustrated and the West-

l We offer the best goods {or the lowest prices and most reasonable terms.





 





 





ern Electric Company, who are the larg-

est manufacturers of telephones and tel-





epho t ‘ th ld, ill 11 T We also sell NITRATE OF SODA. SULPHATE and MURIA‘I'E of POTASH.

the §§§3p3128t§8a1§33tr§af323§ of Y{hismpii— ACID PHOSPHATE. AGRICULTURAL LIME.



er 0 _ " ,

(rireSSW-of ffiiew‘ést'éinesfierctiie goriSpaagy . IQ” Write for Price. and Terms. we:





Sv’ii‘icii’eapié’é‘d‘i if.“thii‘eiisuidvemmm' THE BUFFAW FERTILIZER 00., Ste. A, BUFFALO, N. Y.





a ,

I





 





"slum:





 





‘I-nn- IL





 





 





' may -. mm. TL
.L at.”





 





I»





 





 





APRIL 10, 1909.

LILLIE~ FARMSTEAD NOTES.





 





The Ear-to-Row Seed Corn Test.

‘We propose to put into practice on

Lillie Farmstead this coming seas-on, the

ear—to-row test for seed corn and to fol-

low it up for a sufficient number of

years to note t‘h‘oroly the results which

can be accomplished. As every one

knOWS great claims have been made for

this system of testing seed corn. In fact,

some people have gone so far as to claim





that the yield of corn can be doubled ii3

one will carefully carry out this system,

of selecting seed corn. The idea is that





different cars "of corn show marked indi—

viduality that cannot be detected in any

other way only by planting them sepa-

rately.





long will take the largest part of the

corn on one single ear and this will be

planted in a row by itself and we shall

select about a dozen of the very best

appearing ears that can be found in all





of our seed corn that we have selected“ _.

Then, of course, we will “





for this year.

note results. If one ear grows better

corn than another to any marked degree,

then the seed will be selected from this

row to carry on the experiment next

year. That is, a dozen or .so ears will be

selected to carry on the seed plan and the





rest of the corn in this row will be used





for the main planting as far as .it will

go, and the next best row, etc., will be

used for the balance. This will be com-

pared with seed taken from the main

field and kept separately. Of course, all

of the seed corn will be tested carefully

for its germinating power and only those

ears will be taken for seed which show

that they have strong vitality to begin

with. ‘Ve are hopeful that this system

will prove all that its most ardent par-

tisans claim for it, but I want to carry





on the experiment Imyself and take no





facts second handed.

Caps for Curing Clover Hay.



To properly cure the first cutting of

alfalfa and, in fact, to properly cure the

first Cutting of clover ‘hay if it is cut as

green as it ought to be, it is very risky

unless one has caps for covering the

cocks. \‘Vhere the hay is cut as green

as it should be in order to get best

results and make proper provision for

the second cutting, it is almost impos-

sible to cure it without cocking it, be-

cause it has to lay in the swath or wind-

row so long that much of it would blister

in the sun, and then it would be so long

that one could hardly expect at that time

of the year to have it cured without

having a rain. And we all know that

where clover is partially cured and then

wet by a good shower of rain that it is

well nigh ruined. The loss incurred is

in proportion to the extent to which the

clover is dried before the rain comes.

If the clover is nearly dry enough to go

into the barn and a good shower of rain

comes, it practically makes the clover

worthless. A little rain just as the

clover is commencing to cure does not

hurt so much, but as it nears the drying

stage rain is much more injurious. If

you leave the hay and do not cut it until

it is well nigh matured, then it can be

hauled in, but this does not make as

good hay and this will not assure a good

second crop. I am of the opinion that if

common red clover hay is out early

enough for the first cutting that it will

be much unore palatable and digestible

and contain a lz'lrger per cent of protein,

ctmscquently be more valuable, and at

the same time when it is cut at this time

you are practically assured of a second

cutting that will approximate it in yield,

and we are all aware that this is true

of alfalfa. Consequently if we go into

the hay field this year with the idea of

handling our crop in this way, it ‘will be

necessary to have some hay caps. These

hay caps can be made out of common

cotton cloth by tearing it into squares

and tying weights on the‘corners. This

is what we propose to do. I am not sure

yet how many we will get but I shall

certainly try the experiment.



These hay caps can be used in the oat

field and wheat field to good advantage,

especially on a portion of the field which

is to be used for seed. I am of the opin-

ion that if an acre or two of oats and

the same amount of wheat could be

shocked up in good round shocks and

then covered with a good hay cap so that

it would be absolutely protected against

rain, and then the seed for the next crop

taken from this portion of the field that

was covered, that we would have a great

deal better quality of seed and it would

have more vitality. It might not make

so much difference in some years that

are exceptionally good for the curing of





 





We shall plant separate ears of‘

corn in rows 40 rods long. A row 40 rods ‘





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.‘





 





   

   

 





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s“ Pullman a





AT LAS)‘

e CEMENT /"





”40 5m“ _. ‘





   





 





 





   





 





 





 





 

     





   





 





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_ . \¥’. .4..." - A

“N; 7‘"? -' 3“ - sir-““2232?

s. ‘ '. .-‘~:'.:...-' "-3: .

" 9 cement used.





 





 





:' 313.3% “’w .





 





 





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(3) 415





All Built of





Concrete





For almost every con-

struction purpose—from

hitching-posts to dwell-

ing houses — concrete

takes the place of lumber

or brick.





HAS—CEMENT





l?" -‘ Cement is the heart of concrete, and the quality of the

concrete construction depends on the quality of the

The United States Government—has

ordered 4,500,000 barrels of ATLAS Portland Cement

' for use in construction work on the Panama Canal.

'“'“ "1"“ shows what expert judges think of ATLAS. When you

buy a bag orabarrcl of ATLAS Portland Cement you get the





That





i .w “I‘m" 7... . ~~~~vnv .



l \ l‘fi‘i'W-mz"; ' '. V. . same quality that the United States Government has purchased.



‘ Iuyu ...- . .. \ \ h. i . o o ’



, -* a. .- £4 _ " Concrete Buildings Need No Repairs

~\$..;:.‘.:‘...:..-. \ l, ‘1 When you put up a concrete building, or a concrete fence or watering

.'.7-‘..‘.!‘:..‘.. ““““".'..,~ - '3 {5’ " trough, it is there to stay as long as the land stays. It cannot burn or wear



~ ‘ " -‘L if“ r... ' out—and it is the most economical building material for the farmer.

. - - - ‘ 5" ” Q.) . . . u _

“’5'me -‘ We have ntten an instructive book called Concrete Construc

.. N...” m... .u :1 . "- " $7." . _ FREE BOOK tion AbOYIt the Home and on the Farm.’ it will show you how

IVWWM // .‘ ‘ to use this handy material in a hundred different ways. We will send you this book free.

V l" i U If your local dealer does not carry ATLAS, write us.

9;? r THE ATLAS PORTLAND CEMENT COMPANY,





k ,Mi’r. '

WUI\W\NIWW\NM‘ MQDEL FARM. . '





.

\\\\\,,. -- . AK) - \ $\\u.s‘

'_ ssu‘vyflllm- \ ‘



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Department 12, 30 Broad Street, New York.

Daily Productive Capacity Over 40,000 Barrels, the Largest in the World.





 





Genuine hickory lit-inch wheels. Long-distance axles. Oil-tempered, Elliptic springs.





body. Triple-braced, soii panel seat back. Auto high scat sides. Special “War ‘

top. Heavy rubber side curtains. Solid board boot. Steel frame leather dash.





Furnished complete with carpet. storm apron, side curtains, anti-rattlers,

a Guarantee of Satisfaction, at the prices named below. Delivered at your railroad 51

Station. Order No. J Ill—Illinois. Indiana. Michigan and Ohio ..................... . .................. 0

Connecticut, Delaware Iowa, Kentucky. Massachusetts,Maine, Maryland New York. 54 15

New Hampshire, New Jersey. R. Island. Tenn., Virginia, W.V1rg‘inm and Vermont. 0





Missouri. Pennsylvania and Wisconsin'...... ......... .. ...................... ...... ....$53.00





Is there any good reason why one or more middlemen should come between the manufacturer

of vehicles and the user? The actual value of n. buggy whether it is made in our factory or n ny

factory anywhere is the manufacturer's cost. Anything over that is too much except a rea-

sonable and fair profit. to the factory. Is not that so? 0U]! factory is exclusively lor

users and the only one in the Fulton States where the, entire out put. is shipped

direct. We are saving our customers from 25 to 40 per cent on every vehicle purchased.



We want you to know the real facts about our rigs. We want to send you free, a cepy of our

large. new, SPECIAL VEHICLE CATALOGUE just. off the press.oontnining the most. open,

frank. down-under-the—paint deseription of vehicle work ever put. out by a vehicle manufac-

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Our methods are fully explained—our Warranty against defects—our absolute Guarantee of

Satisfaction. .000 copies ready for distribution. Write today. sure. lou cannot afford to be

Without it. No trouble to answer questions.





 





Buy a Freight-Paid “W.





A rig laid-down at YOIIR railroad station. You know the exact cost—no . “.5:

figuring—no guessing—easy to compare prices with your home dealer— ~

no chance for argument. The buying simplified and with it Ward Quallly.





Steel Bailey loo l. Full

under-circle anti-rattlinr fifth wheel. Double-braced, full Ironed hickory reaches. 24-inch hardwoo frame



d ‘ seat. ironing. Leather quarter

Double-braced hickory shafts.





Body painted block, all hand work. Gear Brewster green. red or blue, all hand work. Auto cloth upholstering.

\Varranty Against Defects and





Montgomery Ward & Co., M‘””‘fit:.fil§:.tt’§€:?連“ ““" Chicago ..





$ 5195

O



Delivered to



0...: your station

» In indlana,

Illinois.



Michigan



and Ohio.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Write ior

Prices to

Your Station





   

 





 





 





—_We will give $100.00 for /





the 5 best ears of seed corn . b





' ' \ sent us before Nov. lst, 1909 by users of @023;

9! THE APPLETON \‘e ‘ “

I, MANURE SPREADER





 

 

   

 

 





 

 

 





'0’.

o





     

 





 

   





, bought In 1909. Write today for full partic-

ulars, and ask for our FREE SPREADER

BO"K. which proves that the Appleton Manure

Spreader is as strong as steel and oak can make

It; so simple that any boy who can drive a team

. ‘ can run it as well as any man: and so effective



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but pulverizes thoroughly and distributes evenly

from the beginning to the end of the load.





APPLETON MF’G. CO.





g





 





   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   





 





 





 





20 Fargo St. Batuvia. "L. U. S. A. ' '





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 





ing on the track; the sim-

plest lock thahworks per-

fectly every time; patented

sw1vel takes kinks out of rope.

Why not buy a .LOUDEN carrier that

will be good for life. We are hay tool spec-

usage by thousands of farmers have .7 ialists—Free catalo ueof LOUDEN Lit-

. proven this to such an extent _ ~'\ ,~ «kc 9, tot Carriers. lexibie Barn DOOI'

. that they will not; buy any / ’ \K'\' ‘ 3 > . Hangers and other labor sav-

hay tools. forks. slings. \ ' ing hardware specialties

tracks Without the ' W111 ShOW 011 WhY-

name LOUDEN on Free Boo let.

them. Never ' “Filling up

Barns."





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LOUDEN MACHINERY CO” 603 Broadway. Faltfleld, Iowa.





You can’t afford to over-



. look the_LOUDEN Hay Car-

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nor that Will never break down:

that you do not lend away for re airs v





 

 

   





every now and then. Years of ard





I





 

 





   

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

   





 





   

 





 

 

 

   





WESTERN CANADA:





320 Acres Instead ol160 Acres





 

 





As further inducement to set-

tlement of the Wheat-Growing

lands of Western Canada. the

Canadian Government has in-

creased the area that. may be

taken by a. homestouder to 320

acres-160 free and 160 to

be purchased at only $8.00

per acre. These lands are in

.’ the grain-raising area. where

'._ mixed farmin r is also curried

‘ ,, , on With unqua ified success.



A railway will shortly be built.

to Hudson Bay, bringing the world’s

markets a thousand miles nearer these

wheat. fields, where schools and

churches are convenient. climate

excellent. railways close to all set-

.»s tlements and local markets good.

"It would take time to assimilate the revs-





 





lations that a visit to the great. empire lying

to the North of us unfolded at every turn."

Correspondence of an lllinois Editor. who

visited Western Canada in August. 1908.

Lands may also he purchased from Railway

and Land Companies at low prices and on





 





 





easy terms. For pamphlets, maps and infor-

mation as to low Railway Rates. apply to Sup’t

of Immigration. Ottawa, Cum, or to tho

Iuthorizod Canadian Governmentdzent.



M. Y. McInne‘s. 6Ave. Theatre Block.

Detroxt. Mich"; O A. Laurier. Mur-

quette, Mich.





Three Doily Papers





For those who would like to have

three daily papers a week, we have ar-

ranged with the New York Thrice-a-

Week World so that we can offer it with

the Michigan Farmer a year‘ for only

$1.40; that is, both papers a year each

for that price. Send orders to us or

thru our agents.



THE MICHIGAN FARMER,

Detroit, Mich.
416 (4)





these crops, but it stands to reason when

wheat and oats that stand in the shock

andget soaked with rain as they do

some years, that this seed has not as

strong vitality as it would have had it

never received any rain. I am of the

opinion that many a poor crop of wheat

and oats is due to the fact that the seed

was not properly cured when it was har-

vested. If the temperature is just right

and a good prolonged rain comes and

soaks the heads, the kernels swell and

become soft and it may be that the

‘embryo starts just a little bit. If it does,

the vitality of this seed is injured and

the crop that is grown from such seed

the next year will not have as strong

vitality as tho it had been grown from

seed that had been thoroly protected

from inclement weather. The more I

think about the proposition, the more I

believe that a small investment in good

cotton cloth for clover caps would be a

paying one and the investment need not

be large. The bother of getting them and

tying the weights on to the corners in

the first place and the bother of taking

care of them when than using them would

be more than the actual investment,

which would not amount to a great many

dollars for a considerable number of

them.

COLON C. LILLIE.





ADDITIONAL POINTERS ON ARTI-

CHOKES.





 





I have read Mr. Draper's article on

artichokes, and would like to have him

explain how the hogs could root the

tubers out of the frozen ground in the

wintcr. Also would like to know what

he does with the mulch applied each

year. SUBSCRIBER.



Referring to the question, “How can

hogs root out artichokes during the winter

while the ground is frozen solid,” will

say that I have owned almost all kinds

of hogs, including the old Michigan elm

pcclcrs of forty ycars ago, and yet I

have never come across a breed of hogs

that could root up hard frozen ground,

so I must answer the question by say-

ing, “1 don’t know,” but if your sub-

scriber will read the article on artichokes

a little. more closely, he will see that they

do not have to dig up frozen earth to

get the artichokes, as they are mulchcd

heavily with straw. This mulching is

for a two-fold purpose—it holds the mois-

ture in the fall and keeps down the fall

weeds, and is a good covering for the

artichokes to grow under. Then, late in

the fall, when the frost has killed the

stalks, they receive another coat of

mulch from the decaying tops. This

mulch will withstand any freeze that we

have in this latitude.



\l'hcn the hogs are turned in, which

should not be until after snow falls, and

this mulch is rooted up and mixed with

the dirt, it will freeze to a greater or

less extent, but by the time the hogs

get once over the field and have gotten

the artichokes out that were nearest

the surface, they can linish the rest after

the frost is out of the ground in the

spring.



As to what is done with the mulching

each year-—thc hogs will sec to it that

the mulching is thoroly incorporated int.)

the soil, so that there will be no trouble

in that respect. At least. that has been

my oxpcricncc.





Van Buren Co. J. S. DRAPER.





WHAT SHALL WE DO WITH IT?



We, in common with many others have

have the osagc hedge problem to contend

with. The problem has been met in all

ways from letting the hedge strictly alone

t‘hru various stages of trimming and

pruning, to culling to the ground or

grubbing and pulling it out. If the hedge

is to be gotten rid of the last course is

the only i'czrsiblc onc. ("lilting above the

ground is useless except to get the hedge

down where it can be kept under control

I have seen this method tried in all ways

so many times that I know such a course

is useless from the standpoint of getting

rid of the hedge. About the only way

is to grub it out and work the ground so

sprouts will not start. The best \vay

where it can be done, is to use a traction

engine for the ])o\\'<*l’ and in this way the

hedge can be pulled with little grubbing.



Of course. an osagc hedge makes a

good fence and adds to the looks of the

place. if kept triunmcd as it should be,

but this requires so much work that it

becomes irksome and finally is neglected

by most farmers.



Still another course open to the owner

is to trim the hcdgs up rather than down.

and attempt to get the largest and

straightest trunks large enough for fence

posts and stakes. This is what we are





THE MICHIGAN. .F‘A’RMER. , .





attempting to do with ours. While 1

have not seen it tried in this vicinity it

has been done in the west, and it is

claimed that the posts will last better

than cedar. '



Our hedge was on the place when

father purchased it, being along a part

of one line. The railroad then came

thru so as to leave it a line-fence be-

tween us and them. Father then had

the hedge cut down and the railroad put

a board fence just at their side of the

stubs. Of course, they sprouted up rankly

on both sides of the fence. We tried to

keep the sprouts cut for a few years but

they seemed to get thicker and thrive with

the treatment, and control was given up.

This was about fifteen years ago and the

hedge has now grown up about the fence

until the main trunks are as large as

ones arm. We have been thinking that

we might be able to get some posts out

of this in time and have been trimming

it up with this in View, leaving the

largest and straightest trunks standing

at an average distance of about two feet

apart and cutting off all branches up as

high as we can reach with the ax.



This is something of an experiment

with us and if any farmer readers have

had experience with old hedges and this

treatment of them we should be glad

to hear from them. This is a live topic

for those who have overgrown hedges,

and if the treatment is practical the

pesky things may be made a source uf

income instead of being, so to speak,

a thorn in the flesh.



INe have also observed that this hedge

is afflicted with the San Jose scale to

such an extent that there is much dead

wood in parts of it. If it would kill the

hedge the pest would be welcomed by

many.



C'ilhoun Co. S. B. H.





ROADSIDE IMPROVEMTNT.





 





I have read with much interest the

articles in The Farmer on this subject,

but I cannot agree. with the writer who

advocates leaving clumps of brush along

the roadside. Indeed, I think there are

too many who follow that advice. It

seems to me that improvement in this.

case means cleaning up. When riding

thru the country, it is a pleasure to be

able to see over the farms as we paSs

them; to observe the different methods

of cultivation, to see the farmers at their

work, all of which I have been unable

to do when riding by farms where the

highway is bordered with trees of all

sizes, and brush. Roadsides should be

cleared of bushes and plowed to kill the

roots, when they can be planted to some

crop, and then seeded. Vl’hcrc the land

is reasonably level, a good crop of hay

may be out every year. True, there. are

some places where the grass is green,

and a few forest trees “lend cnchnntment

to the view.” Such spots are “few and

far between." In traveling thru the

country last summer I noticed a fine

crop of wild parsnips going to seed along

the highway on both Sldl‘S for miles. I

wondered whose business it was to see

that foul weeds were not allowed to go

to seed along the highway. Many places

one will fine burdock and (‘anada ihistles

seeded, ready to scatter their foul seeds

on neighboring farms. A man, looking

for a farm would never be attractcd to

a place bordered with a highway that

was unadorned with a lot of bushes of

all kinds. I have in mind now, one in

which I counted 29 species of weeds and

bushes, making a. very unsightly aspect.



Shiawasscc CO. B. S. F.





Have You Read “Guns and Gunning?"



Perhaps you have never realized what

a rare good time you or your boy can

have, right there. on your own farm or

within a few miles of it. This book tells

the things every man and boy wants to

know about huntiig and shootingmabout

the tselcction of the guir—its handling—its

care. The particular reason why every

boy should have. this book is that it

teaches carcfulness in the. handling of

firearms. This is a mighty important

chapter—for every boy is bound to handle

:\ gun every chance he gelsfiso, for his

own safety. every boy should know how

to shoot. Then, this book is full of in-

teresting facts about ,e‘ume~birds and

small game of all kindsiabout their

habits—Where to find ihcthow to get

within range of them, etc. Also chapters

about wood-craft, camping, camp—out-

fits, coiikingmin short, the whole field

of hunting and shooting is covered. This

book, handsomely illustrated, is pub-

lished by the .1. Stevens Arms & Tool

("o., (lhicopee Fall-s, Mass. No one should

be without it, for the book is only 30

cents, bound in cloth and stamped in

gilt. Or in paper. with a cover scene

in three colors, it is only 20 cents post-

paid.





 





“Potenates.”——Inouiries have come to

hand for this variety of potatoes. Any,

one having them would do well to ad-

vertise them in the Michigan Farmer.





 





\





APRIL 10, 1909.





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AN EXPERIENCE

w AT THE BELLE MEADE FARl‘l





would have required a thorough

painting, which would have to be

repeated in 1909, and§every two

years thereafter.





» HE Belle MeadeFarmbeed-

ford, Mass., is well known

for its thoroughgoing and



scientific methods. and is a. model

in many respects. Its big stables

are all covered with Amatite



. Roofing. The owners write us as



follows:





The Amatite, however, has had

no painting, and needs none. The

mineral surface takes care of

that. When the roof finally

wears out and the owners of the

Belle Meade Farm compute the

cost of their Amatite Roofing

they will put down “for the Ama-

tite, so many dollars,” “for care \.

of Same, nothing.” If they had ‘

used a painted roofing there would

probably be several coats of paint



to figure on, besides the original

cost of the roofing, and the total

would be several times as much

as Amatite.





“It is now nearly three years

since we put your Amatite Roof-

ing on our new 300 ft. buildings.

This Roofing in now in its .third

winter and has gone through

without a leak, and there is every

indication that it will be good for

many years. The buildings with

this light, sparkling Roofing and

the red trimmings as painted, are

very attractive in appearance, and

altogether we are much pleased.



. with your Amatite Roofing. We

are contemplating the construc-

tion of some further buildings for

our Shetland Ponies, and mean to





“59 more Of your roofing.” It does not matter whether





your roofs be large or small, it is

wasteful to use anything but

Amatite.





If the Belle Meade farm people

had chosen a ”smooth surfaced"

roofing it would have cost them

more in the beginning and the

difference would have become

greater every year. Those roofs

were laid in 1905. In 1907 they





' BARRETT MANUFACTURING COMPANY, ,





New York Chicago Phlladel his. Boston St. Louis Cleveland Pittsburg .

Cincinnati inneapolls New Orleans London, Eng. ‘





Let us send you a free sample,

together with a. booklet telling

more about Amatite. It will save

you money later.





 





Kansas City





:3 ;





 





 





 





BOOK.

FREE





Send Your Name

on a Postal.





 

 

 

 





' '- H ‘ Direct From Our Factory

Saves You 4 CL to 50%

_ On Vehicles and Harness





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Show: 75

Styles— [02

Pisa.





Hand Forged Wrought Iron Gears





Friend-Let us send you our Big 1909 Columbus Vehicle Book Free and quote

you prices that will save you 40 to 50 per cent cash. Pick out just what you want and

use it a month. _



Every Columbus Buggy is shipped subject to this test—sold strazght from. factory

to you at manufacturers’prz‘ces. If not found as represented—and satisfactory in every

way—buggy can be returned—all freight charges will be borne by us—and all money

paid cheerfully refunded. Long-time guarantee given on every vehicle.

COLUMBUS—on abuggy—stands for quality the world overvhighest . .. -

quality possible to obtain in a vehicle—and being new -—-~-





Sold Direct °“ F““





Month Trial





Saves you the big profits of dealers or agents. Write us a. postal or letter '1»;- ‘_1- _

so we can prove the savings that we can make you on high grade Colum- , If"



bus Vehicles and Harness. We will also send our Big Book Free. It will lkuéétfii .‘

pay you to write .‘ r <5





. v

THE COLUMBUS CARRIAGE & HARNESS co. “4'

Station C1 5 Columbus, Ohio





 

   





 

   

 

 

 

 





   





   





 





 





 





The "ECOnOmy .

Moto r Buggy





A handsome, practical, solid rubber tire motor buggy.

Itcosts less to own and operate than to keep a horse—no

tire troubles— no punctures or blow-outs.





The Most Economical

MOTOR VEHICLE Made





The “Economy” fully meets the requirements of

the Farmer, Banker, Physician, Business Mametc.

Suitable for country or city—rough roads no ob-

stacle. A great hill climber—goes anywhere at speed

of from 4 to 20 miles per hour. Absolutely roll-bl.

and requires no oxperloncc to operate. Every

“Economy” is fully guaranteed. If you are inter-

ested in 3 Motor Bum we have the best proposition

to make you that you have ever heard or. Write us

at once for catalogue and full particulars.

ECONOIY IOTOR BUOGY co.‘

Dept. w. - -





Air Cooled Joli“. m.
APRIL 10, 1909.





Luna s'rogg '





FEEDERS’ PROBLEMS. I





 





 





 





Raising the Calf.



Upon every farm there are from one to

a dozen or more calves to be raised

every year, according to the size of the

farm. In most cases these calves run

in a poor pasture, ofttimes the hog lot

because it is near the house, and receive

no feed other than a little sour Skim-milk

thruout the summer, while they are com-

pelled to lie out exposed to the heat and

the ,flies, as well as the storms. The

result is, the very ordinary calf that is

to be found in a large majority of yards

each fall and winter—a calf that will

make a $15 yearling, instead of being

worth that price or more in the fall as

a feeder. This way of rearing calves is

just as big a mistake as is the same

method applitd to any other stock, but

the calf is the worst example of the

kind that could be cited. If a small lot;

near the house or barn is available to

provide good pasture, and a shed is con—

venient to shelter the calves from the

sun and files as well as the severe storms,

and a little grain is fed with the milk at

first, or separately after the calves get

a little age, the owner of the calves will

be surprised at the growth which the

calves will make and the thrift which

they will show the following winter. The

time to develop any young animal is

right from the start, and the calf is no

exception to the rule. There is no better

opportunity for a paying investment on

the average farm than is to be found in

better feed and care for the young

calves. Try it, and be convinced from

experience, and a comparison in the fall

with the calves which you have grown in

previous years.





 





GETTING READY FOR THE SPRING

LITTER.





 





_\'\'ith the approach of farrowing time

it is very essential that everything be in





7.“. Headiness for that important period. The





first thing that should be looked after is

the sow. .It is Very necessary that the



ow receive propcr feed and care before

farrowing if we expect to succeed in the

.hog raising business.



.It should be borne in mind that before

farrowing the sow is doing double duty

for she is not only keeping up her own

bodily functions but is supplying the

unborn litter with nourishment. Her

feed, therefore, should consist of grains

rich in protein and should never be al-

lowed to become excessive in carbohy—

drates which is sure to be the case \VIan

nothing but corn is fed. Altho feeding at

this time will not need to be as heavy

as after farrowing it should be quite lib-

eral. No doubt there are more feeders

that feed too sparingly at this time than

there are that feed too liberally. While.

the sow should not be allowcd to become

too fat it is not reasonable to expect her

to give birth to a large litter of strong,

thrifty pigs after having gone t-hru a

couple of months‘ fasting.



It is Very important that the sows

receive plenty of exercise each day and

this can be accomplishwl by having the

feeding pcn quite a distance from the

sleeping quarters or by feeding grain in

litter spread on the feeding floor so that

they will 'have to exercise in order to

get their fccd.



The feed at this time is very important

and should consist chietly of nitrogcncous

fccd such as bran, oil meal, beans, peas,

oats. etc., and it is well to feed some

roots or if these are not available a feed

of nice bright clover hay i‘cd once a day

will answer nearly as wcll and will be

greatly relished by the sow.



As farrowing time approaches the bOW-

cls should be watched closely, being very

careful not to allow them to become con-

atipatcd. About two weeks before far-

rowing the sow should be shut in the

farrowing pen so that she will get ac-

customed to her quarters and it is also

well for the attendant to 'handle the sow

Ins much as possible before farrowing so

that she will not be disturbed in case she

needs assistance at this time.



The farrowing pen should be provided

with fenders on at least three sides.

These can be made of plank eight or ten

inches wide, nailed securely six or eight

inches from the floor. These fenders will

save many of the pigs from being crushed

for when the sow lies down they can





crawl under these fenders and will not,





be injured.

.Very little bedding should be used until





FI‘HE I’eiICHIGAN FARMER.





the pigs are several days old as they are

liable to bury themselves in the atriw

and get crushed when the sow lies Cit"

The sow should be carefully watched

the first forty-eight hours for it is dur-

ing this period that the most pigs are

lost by being crushed by the sow. It

does no good if we have prolific sows

if they are carelessly handled and raise

only a small litter of pigs. The first

twenty-four hours after farrowing the

sow will need no feed as a rule and she

should be fed very sparingly for three

or four days. Her feed at first should

consist of slop made of warm water or

bran or shorts. As soon as the pigs show

a desire for something besides the dam's

milk a pen should be arranged so that

they can crawl in where the sow cannot

get and a little skim—milk and middlings

placed in a shallow trof so that they

may get started to eat as young as pos-

sible. If they are fed all they will eat

up clean of skim-milk, middlings and

corn meal when weaning time comes they

will receive no setback and they can be

kept growing until they are ready to

market when if they have been properly

handled they will be found to be one of

the most profitable branches of live stock

husbandry on the farm.

Livingston Co.

MARKET CLASSES AND GRADES OF

SWINE.





C. C. O.





 





Synopsis of the address of Prof. J. J.

Ferguson, of Chicago, before the Amer—

ican Berkshire Congress, held at Lan-

sing, March 16-18.



A review of live, stock markets and

prices for the past year must be highly

satisfactory to breeders of pure—bred

swine and producers of market hogs.

Present prospects are that good prices

will prevail for some time to come. le—

port trade in pork products is improving.

while at home the American people are

rapidly learning that good ham and ba—

con, properly curcd, from hogs bred, fed

and finished in the right way, are the

most cc<innomical and appetizing of all

our food products.



The producer of market hogs is always

sure of an opcn market with fair prices.





"Steady markets and economy of gains are





the best argument why well—bred hogs

should have a permanent place in our

animal husbandry.



“'e have in this country a great var-

icty of natural conditions, resulting in a

wide range of crop production. This

lcads to a marked difference in the char-

acter and quality of hogs produced in

different sections, consequently we can

rcadily divide our hog producing territory

into wcll-dclincd areas, each producing

a characteristic type of market hog. 'l‘he

corn-belt of the middle west has given

its lard hogs; New York and Ncw Eng-

land states have produced a medium type

bctwcen lard and bacon hogs, while the

grain country of the northwest produces

the highest grade of export bacon. A

swine breeder, aiming for best results,

should carefully stu-dy conditions of soil,

climate, and crop production in his ter-

ritory and select the brccd or class 01

hogs, which has been known to thrive

under similar conditions in other terri-

tory. It would be a mistake to endeavor

to produce high—grade lard hogs in Minne—

sota and North Dakota, likewise it. Would

be impossible to maintain a high standard

in production of hogs for export bacon

in Illinois and Iowa. \Vhilc we cannot

see any advantage in further multiplica-

tion of breeds, we bclicvc there is a per-

manent place for each of our recognized

brccds.



In handling mixed droves of hogs at

large 'inarkcts, the packers do not dis—

criminate along brced lincs; they handle

purc-brcds and grades of all recognized

brccds. Thru wide market connections

they are able to find an outlet for the

product of all classcs of hogs. There is,

however, a class of 'hog, which. while

profitable for the feeder to produce, is

also a desirable hog in the packing~housc

and in the store of the retail dealer.



A good barrow should be smooth and

Well-finished, possessing a symmetrical

outline with well—balanced development

in all parts. He should stand squarely

on sound, strong feet, with well shaped

limbs, showing dense, firm bone, strong

enough to carry him to a desirable fin-

is'hed weight without breaking down.

The head and neck should he of medium

weight; the shoulders and hams smooth,

and laid evenly with the sides, shoulders

free. from shield and harshness, and hams

firm and compact. There should be no

surplus fat behind the shoulders, over

the l-oins, around the tail-head, or along

the bottom lines. While the most desir—

able weight changes from time to time,





depending on the demand for lard and

provisions, a good packer hog should

weigh between 225 and 300 pounds, with

an average of 250 pounds. During the

past ten years, there has been a. fairly

steady decline in the average weight of

hogs received at western markets.



The ideal market hog comes from no

particular breed, nor is he the result of

any particular system of grading or cross-

breeding, but it is true that some breeds

show a high percentage of desirable

market grades. \V'hile the number of

market hogs, showing Berkshire blood

is relatively small at western markets,

the quality of Berkshire grades and

crosses, is unusually ‘high. They have

long been recognized ‘as profitable killers,

cutting out good hams, tidy shoulders,

extra good backs and loins, with a high

proportion of side and belly cuts; in fact,

many Berkshire grades are almost ideal

hogs for bacon production.



The demand bot-h from foreign and do-

mestic markets, is for~ lighter, leaner

meats finished at earlier age-s. Berkshires

are right in line with this demand as-

they will stand liberal feeding and come

to market: at eight to [cm months, in

prime condition for slaughter without be-

ing over—fat.





 





This address was illustrated by using‘





typical spccimcns of live hogs, showing

some of the leading market grades and

classes. These hogs were slaughtered

and on the following day the carcasses

were shown and the relative value of

different grades and weights compared.

A packer hog of Berkshire breeding was

cut up to show the way in which this

class of hogs is handled for domestic

trade. A grade Yorkshire barrow was

cut up after the method followed for ex—

porting thcsc hogs to foreign markets.

Breeders of llcrkshire swine should

ktcp closcly in touch with market Condi—

tions, and as in the past, should endeavor

to supply brccding stock which will pro-

duce the highest grade of market hogs.

“'hilc size, scalc and strength of bono

are desirable, these should not be dc-

vclopcd t0 the point of injuring quality

in the finished meat product.





i

l

l

l

i





We recog— .





nizc the Berkshire as being medium in'





type and believe if Berkshires are main-

tained as such, there will be a steadily

increasing demand for pure-bred Berk-

shires for improving the common stock

of the country.





PEAS AND OATS FOR HOG PASTURE.





 





Kindly advise what variety of peas

should be sown with cats for hog pas-

turc; also proportion of each to sow.

Should the hogs be. turned in while the

crop is green or after the grain has ma-

turcd‘?



Oakland CO. SUBSCRIBER.



The common field pea, or what is

known as the Canada ticld pea, is the

right pea to sow with cats for either hog

pasture or cow pasture, or in fact to bo

tripeucd for grain for either kind of

stock. For hog pasture I would mix the

peas and oats equal parts by weight. 1

would also sow a. little Dwarf Essex

tape seed at the same time as this comes

on in the fall and makes a splendid pas—

ture for hogs. As I undcrstand it this

is intended for pasture during the sum—

mer tinnc. Now the hogs could be turned

in when the peas and oats are four or

five inches high and tiny ought to be

kept fed down so that they wont grow

up and mature, otherwise they will fur-

nish very little pasture. If the hogs

don’t eat them down fast enough, it.

would be a good plan to run thc mowing

machine over and clip thcm off. The

idea is not to lct thcm form joints or

head out, bccausc if they do, they will

stop growing, whilc if they are fcd down

or kept clipped down, they will remain

grccn during the greater part of the

su‘nuucr and furnish a nice green pasture.



“'hcre pcas are sown to be bogged down

in the fall, that's a different propOsition.

You keep the hogs out until the peas are

about rcady to cut, then turn them in.

Some people fatten hogs on peas in this

way. It, however, is quite an extrav—

agant way because there is more or

loss waste to it. I would prefer to pas-

ture and then to ”harvest the pea-s sown

on another field and fccd them in addition

to the pasture. (,‘crtuinly if you haw-n’t

any other hog pasture, it will pay you to

pasture the oats and peas.



COLON C. LILLIE.





 





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Horse Owners





Look to your interests and use

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CAUSTIC BALSAM





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h J. E. Gombault, ex-

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emoves all Bunches or Blemishes from Horses

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Every bottle of Caustic Balsam sold is

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Box 516, Old Town, Mame





 





 





Removel Bursal Enlar ementl

Thickened, Swollen gTissues: i

Curbs. Filled Tendons, Soreness

from any Bruise or Strain. ‘.

Cures Spavin Lameneu, Allays

Pain Does not Blister, remove

the hair orlay the horse u . 82.00 a

bottle, delivered. Book f0 free. '

ABSORBINE, JR., (mankindfl 00

bottle.) Eor Synovitia, Strains, Gouty

or Rheumatic Deposits. Varicose Veins, Varico-

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W. F. YOUNG. I'.D.F.. 83 Monmouth 81.. Sal-infield. "all.
418 , ' (c):





 





V'YYYVYYfiYYYVYVVYVYVYV'





opening. This could have been prevented,





- at-time of birth by applying any good.

4 home healing remedy, such as coal tar

1 disinfectant full strength, or one part





bichloride mercury in 500 parts water,





.Y_Y; Y Y





 





 





 





MAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA or one part carbolic acid in 30 parts

CONDUCTED BY DR. W. C. FAIR, water, or one part oxide zinc in

CLEVELAND OHIO, parts water, or one part oxide zinc in

three parts vaseline, or equal parts iodo—

Advice thru this department is free to form. borac acid and tannic acid. Stock—

our subscribers. Each communication men will find it to their advantage to

should state history and symptoms of the keep this in mind and act accordingly.

case in full; also name and address of I am afraid that your colt is now in a

writer. Initials only will be publistied. condition from which he will not fully

Many queries are. answered that apply to recover. Apply iodine ointment to af—

the same ailments. If this column is footed parts every day or two. Before

watched carefully you will probably find making these applications clip off hair.

the desired information in a reply that Enlargement on Inside of Hock—Colt

has been made to some one 6188- two years old has two enlargements on

inside of hock joint. B. E. 13., Samaria,

Diarrhoea.—My turkey. has bOW'el LllCil.—X'0U \Ylll filld it (ilffiCllit to 1'8—

trouble and seems to have lost his ap- move them at all, 1!“ matter what you

petite. Tell me what to give him to apply. Try alllfllmll‘m? 0f “‘de 0111?-

check his diarrhoea. H. D., Marion, ment, or one part red iodide mercury in

Mich.——Give him two drops ereosote and eight partsdard once a “PM"? 01‘ apply

two drops fluid extract opium and five “new“? iodine any day 01‘ two.

drops tr. cinnamon at a dose two or TmnCut Off.—A good cow met with

three times a day. an acqldf’nt. having end of one teat cut

Bog Spavin and Th0ro-Pin.—My yearl— 0ft;. this allows milk to drip. S. K., Hes~

ing colt has bog spavin and thoro-pin. at DPIjlu, Mich—Apply peroxitie-hydrogen

least my neighbors tell me so. Vv'hat twicedaily: ten minutes after each ap—

would you advise me to do for it? J. F. DIIC‘atlmi apply borac acid; this will per-

B., Emmet, Mich—Blister hock with 1111138 effect a cure.

cera’te 0f cant‘harides or else use any one lNav1cular lameness—Give best treat-

of the blisters which are advertised reg- ment for COflin—joint lameness and State

ularly in this paper. Whether treatment will affect hfh of

Bog Spavin.—My 2-year-old colt has foot. I have been told it would. H. R,

What is commonly called bog spavin: by “lilttemOi‘G‘. Mich.——Coffin—joint lameness

blistering them I succeeded in reducing should be regarded as a serious ailment,

the bunches but they seem to grow fl’l‘ $11011 C3595 do not always yield to

larger when I drive him. How should U‘Oatiiiciit. Fairly good results follow

such cases be treated? C. L. C., Monroe, applications of iodine, blistering with

Mich—Light blisters “.1“ reduce and cerate of cantharidcs, or blistering with

strengthen the joint but the same came one part.red iodide mercury and from

that once produced it will bring it on “”1" to eight parts of lard. Or you can

again unless he is given a long rest. filfg‘ii'.iisiv any of the blisters that are

Scours.——VVe have a heifer that is about dd‘ ”used regularly 111 this paper.

a year old which has scours part of the .Acute Rheumatism.—-Valuablc horse

time; her urine has been tinted with SIX years old appears to be sore and stift

blood at times; her appetite is good and it} shoulders; this attack came on March

she drinks large quantities of water. B. In; lately the trouble has left fore-quar-

VV. A., Jonesville, Mich.—~Give 1/2 oz. sul- ters and settled in the hind QUarters_

fate iron, 1A: oz. gentian and 1 oz. DOW— HG €613.11!) With difficulty. P. M., Snr~

dercd resin at a dose in feed twice a day anac, Mich.——(‘.1ve him 2 drs. carbonat.x

for 10 days, then once daily for 10 more. potash at a dose three or four times at

Liquid Evacuations from Bowcls.-—I day; also give 1 dr. ground nux llomiC-d





 





 





 





have a 2-year—old more that passes too twice a day for two or three weeks. Ap—

mucli liquid when llt‘l‘ il0\\'t‘iS move; 80ml? DIN t0 SON Dili'ts equal parts spirits Cam-

days worse than others. She has some phor :ind :ilcoliol.'

sort of skin eruption affecting her neck. Grubs—Is there. no way of killing grubs

A. N.. Marlctte, m1l(‘il.¥c\vnlll' filly does that are. in the .backs of cattle? J. l..

not digest her food properly. 9”“ 1 OZ' Vo".”“’m"1”“. Mu'li. Aliho it is rather

bicaibonute soda. 1/2 oz. gentizin and 1 tedious work, I know of no better way

oz. ginger at a (1056 in feed three times than to use a real sharp penknife in en-

a dav 1-0,. 3‘, days. larging the openings in skin, then sqccz-

Bruised Shouldcr-Abscess—Fracture.—- ing _out grubs and killing them. You can

My lil—niont‘hs—old colt went lame in right do it quicker if your knife is sharpened

foi-e 195;; we poulticed foot and some on buck as well as face. Then apply

time later Shoulder swelled and broke one port curbolic acid in 30 parts water

open. This (-olt has iH‘t‘ll lllllilivlc’ to not to sores once a day, or dissolve 1 oz. sul-

up without hp”). E. M, (.2, lnmnvdlc, iutc zm'c in a quart of water and apply

I‘llll‘ll."'1 am inclined to believe that your this lotion once a day.

colt fractured his shouldcr, the ends Looscncss of iowcls—Old horse‘s bow<

of bones have perhaps slipped each other els are altogether too_ loose. lie is fed

and a iibrous union is taking place in— clover, hay and corn; is thin in flesh and

stead of a bony union. which, if so, may all bowel moycmcnts are soft. C. V. \'..

mean he will be lame a long time. ixct‘l‘) Nilcs, l\I1cli.~-(‘lovcr buy has a laxative

him quiet and he will possibly get well. cilcct, tht-rcforc you had better feed tiin—

Heifer with Two ’l‘cuts (:rown TO‘ othy, and (mtg instead 0f. corn. Also glw‘

- ‘-——V\'ill you give me a liitlc advice 1/2 OZ R'I‘Hlllld Wilt—T913 3 drs. illedfi‘l‘i‘d

g‘lh”; _ ,. . .- .,.., .1 cutcchu and 1/; oz. powdered sulizite iron

regarding a liciioi \\1tli two t\,.it‘.. all “in 't . I”) .n i'ied tl -.. t‘i .. ‘ 1, . i

tog’nthcr. “’hat on" be done 1”,. her? .i .1 onci It .« lite 1,“.Es,d(d‘\' i

She is of good milk producers. l. 8.. Ber- T””"~'”“ "’H‘ L—I‘“ “-‘C‘u‘m‘i mare

2 Mi h_Ym, had better fatten hm.‘ ililllgsrilt‘l‘ tongue out when driven. J.

In], C - * . 7‘ V, . ‘ it. .llolion, Micli.—~If she carries her

More, Pcrspires in {bli'lilil‘.*';\‘lnl)_>‘von'1.- tongue over bit you can prevent it by

old mare has not been in thriiiy cpndi— 11:511.: a spoon bit which will prcvcnt h“.

tion for past tb'filmj “111]".011“.lilii‘ipriooliild gctting tongue over bit after bridle is on.

. . . v; ”zilllt‘f in US .‘ l \‘ .. - -, n , .

26:31 "(11121312 hsuiiiiiit‘i‘. She ”1mm” t, “idllfillglllSZflt‘ll-l carfold‘ rmarc took

suit Feb. -i, lociil Vet. ticutcd her for





 





 





 





i





‘.

‘n-





erE MICHIGAN FAWJRMER.“





43*





he





 





. . this machine.





your use. Se





tewart Power





 





 





New 1909 Model





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“ ‘ inch diameter; brackets of great strength and adjustable

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ep Shearing

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nd us your order today for this outfit or write





 

 

   

   

 





 





 





 





 

   





 





Harness leather becomes



hard, brittle, unsafe, when

the pores in the leather are

open to wind and moist-

ure. An application of





EUREKA

Harness Oil





fills the pores, seals them

against these hardening,

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the harness a beautiful

black, soft, elastic, and

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swczit on certain parts of body and very

often pcrspircs while Standing in stable.

:l'lZlYt’ bi-cn feeding a conipouml of gun-

tiiiii. rosin, ginger and powdered sulfate,

iron, and a tcaspoont‘ul Fowlers solu—

tion. at a dose in feed twice a day. She

seems to have gained some in ilesh but

kccps hcr dull appearance and sweats’fur

too much. .J'. S., Midland, Mich. \our

Iiifll‘t"s digestion is not goiid: besides,

licr circulation is faulty. (live 1 di‘.

ground nux yomica. 1_ oz. ground {fr-n-

tian and I! drs. powdered nitrate potash

{it it (lost) ill i'W'll lill‘l’l‘ limos :i tiny i II‘

30 d:iys. If she is hmvy Coand, WlilCll

Sllt' pcrhups is: clip lu-r.



Abortion in (‘ows.~~i’iea<e give a cure





 





for abortion in a cow. A. il{., Montague,

Blicli.~~'l‘licrc arc two Qipci‘ul causes for

abortion in animals. “no is, accident or





injury, the utiivr, infcr-iion or riwbiliiatingr

discuscs. If you i::l‘.l- bud but one cow

ai'i'i-ctcd it is perhaps thc i'csuit of an

injury; therefore it will not be necessary

to do much for her. llowcvci‘, you had

better give, hcr 23 drops of mrbolii: acid

in a pint of water, mixing,r it with feed

twice a day. if she has any vaginal

discharge dissolve 1 oz. sulfate zinc in

3 (its. tcpid water: wash out vagina

thru :1 rubber tube and funnel every day

or two until discharge Ccuscs, iheu breed

lier.



Loss of Appctiic~lmpziction of Row-

els.—:w‘ix—ycar-old cow bad a calf about

six Weeks ago. lvlvci'ything seemed to

go all right for two wceks, then she lost

her appetite, refused to cut grain and

bounds became constipatcd. T ovcrcumo

this diiliculty by fciding carrots for a.

W-liilc. but she tircd of thcm; then 1 fed

potatocs, which she appeared to relish:

I‘ilcli she tired of eating them. She was

not inclined to out boy and rough fodder.

I cxuniiiicd hcr mouth and found her





,





condition before this ailment came on.

I' s, Sigsbec, “li(‘il.-'"Cl\70 20 grs. cal-





a dose in feed or as a drcnch three times

a day; also give a pint of raw linseed





open.





to go away but left her sore in front,

making her travel on her toes. (‘, (i. M.,





colt suffered from septic infection. the





dition of the genital tract; yeast cakes‘

vcry often contain a, little corn meal;

teeth loose. (‘ow always kcpt in good therefore, in the preparation of this yeast

fluid it is proper, when the boiled water

is added to the mixture, to filter it thru

omcl once a week; also give 1 oz. ground sterilized cheesecloth. This is done to

gentian and 1 oz. pmvdcrcd charcoal at prevent foreign or irritating bodies lodg-

ing and remaining in the uterus of the

animal injected. Adding some sugar or

oil daily if necessary to liccp bowels wheat middlings to the water that is

mixed with the yeast will improve

Septic Poison—Filly nine months old the mixture, thus furnishing food for the

was born with two large puffs or soft germs to live on. Vthn an animal suf—

bunches on outside of each fore leg. fci's from leucorrhea, preventing concep-

Three months later these bunches seemed tion, the yeast treatment will fail. Bet-

ter use, in thetsc cases, aIWcak solution

of pcrmangana e potash, ciloride of zinc

BliSSfiPlrl. Mich.»~Shortly after birth your sulfate of zinc or carbolic acid. It is OWI BraIId Pura Gallon 300d "‘3'





also important to give mineral ton‘ics.i4





inflammation of bowels; a week later her

glands began to Swell; while eating a

mush she would choke. I steamed

her with burnt-d leather and put oil of

tar on tongue and some linl-ment 0n

throat. G. G. \V., Bellaire, Mich.——Apply

equal parts tincture iodinc, spirits cam-

phor and extract witch hazel to throat

tin-e or twicc a day. Also dissolve 1 oz.

chlorate potash in a qua-rt of water and

inject S'rlili: him back of mouth and

throat three times a day. l



(iliurur-iwd Tcul.~(‘ow has a growth in

Mid of tcnt which tut-vents; milk flowing

freely from this quarter; she has rather

poor appetite. ii. 11., Montague, Micli.~~





il‘iil‘l'."‘ growth with :1 knife and apply

iJ'ilnC :if'id l!) 3'03"" L'.‘.’ll"(‘ It tiny. (iivn i‘lttl‘

l oz. ground ,L'I-ntjnn, ;' drs. ground cin-





r‘lionn. pin} 55 diet. t;ii:i..~'ri:i, either in feed

or as a Ill‘v‘iitii, two or lili'f'tf times a

day. .



:urren More , Yea-t ’l rr-ntmciitmlir’u-





 





Most practical book on stables and uarters ever

published. Tells and shows how to ma e our dairy

really up-to—date. 40 pages, printed in co ora, beau-

tifully illustrated with many tine barn and. dairy

views. For copy , .

address, ‘ . .. u'.’ ,





   

 





 





 

 





131 Kane St.,

Fort Atkinson. Wisconsin





 





 





{'Ul'l‘iil‘.i. —-J :ipprociiiictl your pi'csci‘iptioii





 





in M. l“. of the 20th 1111., and «specially

the one prescribing for barren mares;

(yczzst trcuimvni i. To what class of'

cascs is the, yeast trcatmrvnt :ipiilicable?i

Shall I in.icct thi- Iluid into womb? A1501

is this ll‘t‘illliil'lll cuinilly effective in.

(11805 of louonl‘l'iir‘n when there is a heavy.l _

liiiii‘us or pus—like discharge? I would'

also like to know if the yeastvfiuid should} '





not be strained thru a t‘itil‘ll that has





been boiled. l>ocs wuicr taken into the

body thru food remain in the. tissues

longer than water drunk and is it more:

apt to clog the kidncys than drinking,

water? L. 7. H, Portland, Mich. The

yeast treatmcnt is generally effective in

curing bziri'cnncss in horses and cattle‘

win-n the disorder is due to an acid ('Oll-g





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Collar Pad





that saves you a lot



of time and saves



your horses from sore



shoulders and galls. , .



Made ofa new ventilating r‘ ,‘



fabric which permits t e heating, "



galling sweat to evaporate. thus keep-



ing the shoulders dry and preventin



gal , etc. Just ask your dealer



show you t is new idea in collar pads.



It’s great. Nothing like it. A boon to busy



farmers. If your dealer can ’5 supply you,



send us his name—we’ll see that; you’re



Supplied promptly. Cost no more than



common unsatisfactor pads, Inmst on

otting Ventlplex Pats. Write for free

older—will Interest; you.





Burlindion Blanket Cm. Dept. 18, Burlinilon.Wic.





 





Raise 'l‘hem Without Milk.

Booklet Free.





J. E. BARTLETT 60. Jackson. IllGlI.





 





 





result of a decomposed umbilical cord, or such as I have repeatedly prescribed tori

other infection was absorbed thru navel this ailment. N





9 Parent Protein and Fat. 3.1333 $31: timed?





o. 11 and prion.





l‘. W. 3309]! I 00.. In)“ Tull.





You Are Losing Money





it you haven‘t a Saginaw



. Silo belide your cow barn.



No invention of modern time.

can compare with it as a money-

maker. Wherever corn, clover

and alfalfa grow, the Saginaw

Silo is making farmers rich. You



, cannot afiord to be





Without a Saginaw Silo





Silage from it tastes so good to



} cow- thnt they crowd themselves

to the limit or milk-giving capac-

ity. Steers fatten twice as fast as

on dry feed or pnstumzo. Write

for Free Catalog and Silage book.

Farmers Handy Wagon Co.

Box 64 aginaw. Mich.

Des Main“. 13.. Minneapolis





 

   

   

   

   

   

 





 





 

   

   

   

   

 

   





Send to day





83 PACKAGE





   

 

   

   

   





for only ‘.

PERMANENT . will cure any case or

i money refunded.

$l PACKAGE

‘ cures pgdmary cases.é

Postpai on receip

‘SAFE price. Aoents Wanted.





 

 

 





CEiTAlN- Write{ordelcrlptivcbookleL -‘ .

Mineral Ham numedy 60.. 483 Fourth Av... Plttsburg. Pa





 





 





 





Try Dr. Fair’s New

Worm Remedy





I! new customers will send cc to pay postage.

we will send a 250 box (12 doses) of Dr. Fair’s

New Worm Remedy, and write you a letter

telling about worms and how to kill them with-

out hurting the horse. We deliver 60 separate

doses (5 times the quantity) by mull for $1.00





DR. FAIR VETERINARY REMEDY 00..

W. C. FAIR, V. 5., Prop‘r,

‘ ‘ 5712-14 Corneal. Av... Cleveland. 0.





 





 





 





 





 





_ MARE IMPREGNATDRS .

For getting from 1 to 6 mares in foal from one serv1ce ofa

stallion, $3.50 to $6.00. Safety [mm-cunning Outfit {01'

barren and irregular breeders,$7.50. Serving Hobbies,

Stallion Bridles, Shields, Supports, Service Books, etc,

pggpgld and gunmeed. Stallion Goods Catalog FREE.

CRITTENDEN I 00. Dept. 66 Clevciand, Ohio.





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





. Death in the Stomach

Worms Guaranteed.





We will send you 100 lbs. of DR.

HOLLAND’S MEDICATED STOCK

SALT on 80 day-' trial freigh.

prepaid. It you derive no bone-

tlt, it cost! you nothing; If you

do it costs you $5.00. Give an





 





 





 

 

 

 





your order at once.

The HOLLAND STOCK REMEDY

COMPANY. Wellington. Ohio.





WE’VE GOT IT NOW

MR. DAIRYMAN.

and want you to know

how to run your cream

so nrator right. To do

tn 9 you should have a

Strllo Governor Pulleys

Itit’s a Striteit’s right.

For further information

addres-

SIrlta Governor Pulloy Gm.

303 Third St. 80.,





 





 





 





 





Minneapolis. Mlnlu
l





APRIL 10, 1909.





GIVE THE OLD ewes GOOD CARE.





 





Once more I want to appeal to the

sheep men of Michigan to take better

care of their ewes, and thereby improve

the quality of lambs and increase the

per cent raised.



The first thing we should do is to see

that the sheep folds are dry, well venti—

lated and clean. Draw out all the ma-

nure and spread it on the corn ground.

It not only lessens the spring work, but

improves the health of the ewes and

lambs.



Too often a flock of ewes are taken

from a shed or strawstack and turned

into a barn, where a bunch of lambs

have been fed without cleaning it out

or even bedding it properly. This is all

wrong.



A sheepshed should be cleaned out

every three or four weeks, and kept well

bedded.



The ewe must have out-door exercise

each day, and fresh water and salt be-

fore them all the time, and a, variety of

food. ,



We have found that a feed of clover

hay night and morning, with corn stalks

fed'in the field or yard at noon, makes

an ideal roughage.



For grain feed about a pint per head

of corn, oats, bran and oil meal, equal

parts be weight, and a good supply of

roots.



Then you will have your ewe growing a

fine staple of wool and be in fine condi-

tion for motherhood.



The clover hay, oil meal and roots

keep them from becoming feverish and

tend to increase the flow of milk.



There is nothing more discouraging

than to have a ewe drop a lamb and then

refuse to own it because she has no

milk.



In my 20 years of experience I have

seen but few ewes that had plenty of

milk refuse to own their lambs.



Once in a while I find a hyena in

sheep's clothing, but she is nearly always

a poor milker, and I mark her to go. No

(matter 'how well bred she is.



I have never had any trouble in grafting

(or having a ewe own another ewe's

lamb), when the ewe has plenty of milk.

Thus we not only get more and better

wool but save a larger percent of our

lambs. \Vhen the ewes are properly

cared for a little grain each day will pay

a handsome profit when fed to a flock of

ewes.



I find that a little extra care at lambing

time is sure to 'meet with reward. I

know by experience that it is tough to





get out of a war-m bed on a cold

blustery night, to look after a poor,

scrawny lamb, but just think, that if

you lose the lamb, you have lost the use





of your ewe for the year, and at least

$5, for we surely can make the lamb

Weigh 100 lbs. for $2.



The trouble with early lambs is the

lack of milk and liability of becoming

chilled. \Vhenever we have a chilled

lamb we give it a warm bath, rub it well

then wrap it up in a woolen blanket, give

it some of its mother’s milk, mixed with





cow’s milk. Be sure it is just warm

enough, not too 'hot or cold, for here is

the critical moment in the lamb’s life,





the flockmastcr

Do not keep it





and all depends on

whether it lives or dies.





away from its mother too long, or she

may refuse to own it. Be sure to have

two or three small pens fixed ill the





warmest port of the barn, for such cases

as this and when you see a. cwe that

wants to lamb put her in one of these

pens by herself, and she will do much

better than to remain in the ilock and

be bruiScd around and have her lalmb

trampled upon by the other sheep. Now,

when these lambs are ten days old they

will begin to nibble at bay and a little

grain. Have a creep fixed where you can

keep a small V-shapcd trof supplied with

bran and ground oats and a very little

oil meal. Keep this trof clean and if you

are a shepherd you will enjoy seeing the

little lambs trying to make sheep of

themselves at this trof. I think the best

time to deck a lamb is when they are

from 10 to 15 days’ old, and they should

be trimmed (or castrated) before they

are four weeks’ old. Never do both at

the same time for it is too great a shock

to their nervous system, (but be sure to

dock and trim even if you must do it

both at the same time). One Of the

Worst troubles that the professional

feeder 'has in Michigan in buying lambs,

is the great number of buck lambs he is

compelled to buy.



There is always from 500 to $1 differ-

ence in price between a good straight

lamb and a ram. Besides they are sure





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





to be chasing the ewe. lambs and very

liable to impregnate a few of the larger

ewe lambs and on high feed in the late

winter or early spring these will abort,

causing loss in weiglrt and condition,

besides we are liable to leave some of

the ram lambs on the farm. Then if

allowed to run with the flock, even if he





‘(7) . 419





THOUSANDS HAVE KIDNEY

TROUBLE AND DON’T KNOW [I





 





is a good one, we are inbreeding and

'having lambs come all times of the year. _



I am a firm believer in close trimming ffignstifiéi fg'nymgliieflcggiiie?"$3332:

and a lamb that escapes my knife mUS11when through neglect or other causes,

have a good mother, a full blood sire, kidney trouble IS permitted to continue,

registered, and last, but not least, he serious results are sure to follow.

must be a good individual himself, head

erect and well capped, broadchested, ribs

well sprung, square hips, and legs wide

apart, and if he does not continue to

develop properly the butcher gets him

as soon as I can make him weigh 80 lbs.



Calhoun Co. G. A. HOUCK.





Weak and unhealthy kidneys are re-





 





LIVE STOCK NOTES.





 





Of late the Chicago and other western

hog markets have been on the see-saw

order, and this has been especially the

caSe since a few weeks ago, when prime

heavy hogs sold within a nickel of $7 per

100 lbs. Long ago the packers made the

prediction that the hog market was going

to be lowered until it reaChed a $5 basis.

01‘ course, such a low basis was out of

the question under all the circumstances,

as there was no excessive supply of hogs

in the country, but, on the contrary, all

the indications pointed to a shortage, for, Your other organs may need attention

a large part of the pig crop had been —but your kidneys most, because they do

marketed unusually young. Hence, the most and should have attention first.

pendulum swung the other way, and‘ If you are sick or “feel badly,” begin

there have been a number of recoveries taking Dr. Kilmer’s swamp-Root, the

in prices after recent declines in prices, great kidney, ”V8" and bladder remedy,

but the packers make vigorous kicks because as $00n as your kidneys begin to

against $7 hogs. However, the market get better they W“l help a“ the other

has shown a firm undertone, subject, of organs t0 health.

course, to reactions in prices when the

receipts are on a larger scale than usual.

()f course, prices are influenced strongly

one way or the other by the volume of

the eastern shipping demand, and when-

ever this is smaller than usual prices

are, reasonably certain to fall, provided

the receipts are of liberal proportions.



The Chicago sheep market has been

receiving greatly increased receipts of

clipped flocks of both sheep and lambs,

many sheepmcn being anxious to shear

in order to be able to obtain high prices;

now offered for the spring wool clip.i

Colorado has been marketing a greatl

many more lambs, and prime little Mex—

ican yeal'lings have been marketed more

freely. The old complaint is heard daily sent absolutely free by mail.

that sheepmen are blind to their own

interests in a great majority of cases and

are marketing their flocks only half fat.

It would appear that now,

will pay feeders to produce prime mut-

ton, and those who are doing so feel well

satisfied. From now on a large part





.- ._,,

UPINEUTJBQBDRNLMER a. La.“





 





 





Prevalency of Kidney Disease.

Most people do not realize the alarm-

ing increase ard remarkable prevalency

of kidney disease. While kidney dis-

,orders are the most common diseases

that prevail, they are almost the last rec-





A sworn certificate of purity with every





The book





Binghamton, N. Y..

Michigan Farmer.





SAMPLE BOTTLE FREE—To prove the

Root you may have a. sample bottle and a book of valuable information, both.





if ever, it our readers are advised to send for a sample bottle.

be sure to say you read this generous offer in The Detroit

The genuineness of this offer is guaranteed.





ognized by patient or physicians, who

content themselves with doctorlng the

effects, while the original disease under-

mines the system.





A Trial will Convince Anyone.





The mild and immediate effect of

Swamp-Root, the great kidney, liver and

bladder remedy, is soon realized. It

stands the highest for its remarkable

“health restoring properties in the most

distressing cases.





, Symptoms of Kidney Trouble.





Swamp—Root is not recommended for

everything but if you are obliged to pass

your water frequently night and day,

smarting or irritation in passing, brick-

dust or sediment in the urine, headache,





back ache, lame back, dizziness, poor

digestion, sieeplessness, nervousness,

heart disturbance due to bad kidney





trouble, skin eruptions from bad blood,

neuralgia, rheumatism, lumbago, bloat-

ing, irritability, wornout feeling, lack of

ambition, may be loss of flesh, sallow





complexion, or Bright’s disease may be

stealing upon you, which is the worst

form of kidney trouble.





Swamp-Root is Pleasant to Take.





If you are already convinced that

Swamp-Root is what you need, you can

purchase the regular fifty-cent and one-

dollar size bottles at all drug stores.

Don’t make any mistake, but remember

the name, Dr. Kilmer's Swamp—Root, and

the address, Binghamton, N. Y., which

you will find on every bottle.





 





If You Need a'Medicine You Should Have the Best.

Swamp-Root is always kept up to its high standard of purity and excellence.





bottle.





wonderful merits of Swamp-





contains many of the thousands of





letters received from men and women who found Swamp-Root to be just the

remedy they needed. The value and success of Swamp-Root is so well known that





Address Dr. Kilmer & Co.,





 





 





of the lambs marketed will come from

the northern Colorado feeding sections.

Lamb feeding has been carried on in

that state much less extensively this

season than usual, and it is proving in a.

majority of cases highly profitable, (le~i

spite the dearncss of feed. But the larg- ’

est: profits are being made by farmers

rather than by professional feeders.

General Superintendent Bernard H.

Heide, of the International Live Stock

Exposition, who has been down in Texas

recently, gives good accounts of live

stock interests in that enterprising state.

He says: “Texas is making great pro-

gress in live stock. Quality at the Fort

Worth Stock Show this year showed a.

marked improvement over previous years.

Breeders ill the southwest are. spending

money for good bulls and at the gait

they are going the time is not far distant

when they will be able to boast of pos-

sessing the best. It is very dry in Texas.

Some rain has fallen recently, but more





MA





 





 





ing machine.





anism in enclosed





They are not to be





‘1, line of shearing





KE >20 GENTS MORE , PER SHEEP 75

‘7' l



on every one you ' With 4 sets of, ”——

shoar by using the new Stewart Shearing machine knives, only. .I



If you have but five sheep it Will pay you to own this wonderful shears ‘\



It does not cut or hack sheep like



hand shears and gets one pound and over more wool per head. It shears

any kind of wool easily and quickly.





All gears are cut from solid metal, not cast; all wearing parts are

file hard; spindles are ground and polished, and the driving mech-





27351:? Chicago Flexible Sha





   





   





WE GUARANTEE IT FOR 25 YEARS.





 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 





from dust and dirt and runs in oil.





 





of all the shearing machines used in the world are Stewart patents.





compared in any way with the cheaply made.





 

 

 





always out of order. belt machines. Send $2.00 with your order and

we will ship C.O.D. for the balance.

to Shear Sheep,” by the champion shearer of the world, will interest

you. Send for copy and our big new catalog showing the largest





 

 

 





 





OUR VALUABLE FREE BOOK “How





 





   

 

 





and clipping machines on earth. It w lpay you.





it 80.. "mare“ Chicago





 

 





 





 





   





 





 





is needed to revive Vegetation and jus-

tify prediction of fat grass cattle. The





movement of Texas stOckcrs to the north-

west will be light, but Kansas and Okla-





homa pastures will be stocked to their



fllll capacity. The movement to both Th??? arizlvhat‘he mbbe’ boot "“1“" calls,

». , ‘ , , , .- firsts were the best th



states 11 om I‘cxas \\ ill be early and with flaws in them.



hea vy." - but not best rubber.





Horses are selling at higher prices at

Newton, Kansas, than tllcy have for

years. Several days ago at a sale a team

of mares brot $527, and a mare that was

eleven years old sold at $230. These





best workmanshi

as “Better than





 





 





 





at could he made, and “seconds"were "firsts"





rubber. “BUFFALO BR

Para rubber—that's why they wear bettcr and longer than others. Thereinredhe

_with the be ' ‘

ll 1 lrsts.” i.

(e in you al he knows about these rubber boots—IN

w. If. WALKER & (30.. 72-83 30. Pearl so. Banal... N. r.





 





 

 





   





"firsts and seconds. " Formerly,





 

 





Nowadays. “firsts” only mean, best workmanshlp— .

Price competition started the use of remcltetl‘ ‘old jun .





 

 





 

 





 





AND” rubber boots are made only of lively pure





 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 





st (Pan) rubber has made Buflaio Brandknown

ook for yellow label. Insissi on your dcalct





 

 

 





 





 





animals were not thorn—bred stock, but

were merely good, heavy farm horses.

At a sale near there whore a horse sale

is held every year prices at the sale

averaged $20 per head higher than at

sales for the last eight years. It is clear





New importation Just Arrived





 





to well-informed people that the number

of horses of the better class bred in

horse brooding districts is far from keep

lug pace with market requirements, and

farmers as a class are not breeding their

own horses. Liberal profits await farm—

ers who breed choice horses for the mar-





 





Percherons,Clydesdales,

and English Hackneys.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Stables right





Byron is located on the Toledo & Ann Arbor





d 7 miles south 01' Durand on the Grand

bays and chestnuts from 3 to 6 years old.





kct, and it will pay to use high-Class



sires and mares. Too many scrubs are These horses are picked from the ChOiC<‘St bTOOdS in Europe.

bred, and 1this is aIn foverdone and poor in town. Free bus to the trains.



paying intustry. n crior work horses - .



glut western markets much of the time R' R" 44 miles “01th Of Ann Arbor an



and are apt to sell at unremuncrat'ive Trunk R- R' These stallions are blacks,



prices to their owners. Word comes ALL AT LOW PRICES.





from Woodstock, Iowa. that there is an

urgent demand from farmers for blockv

Chunks weighing from 1,000 to 1,400 pounds

for farm use, altho Iowa has been for

years a famous state for the ho'rse breed --

ing industry. Many foals were dropped

in Iowa in 1908, but the number of horses

shipped out of the state is said to equal

the increase. In fact, so urgent is the

farm demand in Iowa for horses that

horses are being shipped into the state

to make good the shortage, and public

sales are being held. Of late farmers

have been paying higher prices for horses

in many instances than country shippers

to western markets can afford to offer.





O





 





CALKINS &





AUGSBURY, Proprietors, Byron, Michigan





6*? W. E. PRITCHARD 8: SONS





American





’ suit the most





 





Barticulars.

much of But





ments for men who buy two or more to re—sell.

Located on Rock





OTTAWA. ILLINOIS.





Bred Percheron 8. Shire Horses





We are offering 3 hi h-class bun h

‘ of the real dra g c or sound young stallions





ft type, with big bone, size and qualit . We can



particular in horse and price. Special induce—



Island 1 li Wri‘te us for

me. n no, a.



lington Railways. n Aurora.
THE _MI‘OHIGAN FA.RMER.-





APRIL 10, 1909.





 





n L





 





stead.





 





 





factory.





tures of our 1909 Tubular

better.





 





 





29





 





This picture shows just a small part of the car-

loads of common “bucket bowl” cream separators,

of all kinds, we have recently received in exchange

for Sharples Tubulars. The former owners thought

they wanted “bucket bowl” machines.

soon wished they had bought Sharples Tubulars in-





But they





This is just a hint to you from what others have





Take the hint. Buy a Sharples Tubular in the first place.





learned by experience.





filled with contraptions.





—*





Did You Ever See the Like?





Thought they would ‘ like

common “bucket bowl” cream separators—the kind

with bowls set open end up, fed through the top, and

Tried them, were not satis-

fied, traded them to us, for a small part of their cost,.

in part payment for a Sharples Tubular.

a mistake in buying “bucket bowl” machines, but

were sensible enough to correct it.





 





They made





 





 





Tubulars are made in the world’s biggest separator

1908 sales way ahead of 1907—out of sight of

most, if not all, competitors combined. The fine fea-





“A” are making 1909 still





Catalog No. 152 tells all about them.





 





The Sharples Separator Co.





West Chester. Penna.





Toronto. Con.





Winniped. Can.





Chlcado. Ills.





 





Portland. on.





$3an





 





 





 





 





Jack and Jennetis For Sale.





If you want a first class Jack

or Jennett at the very lowest

prices. visit our barns. for they

are lull of high class stock, and

can sell them to you right. and

save you the middleman’s prof-

it. All stock guaranteed. Bend

for my 25 reasons why it pays

to raise mules. Address





BAKEE’S JACK FARM. Lawrence. Ind.





 





 





 





 





 





I





FARMERS ATTENTION. $3.; .hm'ffgr‘fi‘i: * 1





JESSE L. BARRETT. Mlssaukee. Mich. ,

5





Write





 





 





TOO LATE TO CLABSIFY.

Bee Hives, Sections, Foundation, Smokers,





Etc. We keep everything the hers need. and all Root's

goods. Send for our 1909 catalog. Cash paid for

beeswax. Prompt attention given to your order.

M. H. Blank Sal. (Jo-dis St... Lansing. Mich.





ABBED BOOKS—A few choice cockerels yet.





Eggs 15 ”.5035 per 100.Thom pson strain. [is good

as the best. L. B. Kuney. Adrian. Mich. Phone 131.





WHITE Wyandottes. free range stock eggs :2 per

4





5. satisfactory hatch guaranteed or eggs dupli-

cated at half price. Jos. Neumn. B. 4. Dorr. Mich.





We have a very interesting article on





ARTIFICIAL INGUBATION

AND BROODING





written by Mn. RALPH R. Roo'r, which

may throw some light on your past

experiences. We will be pleased to

send this {article to anyone sending in





 





 





 





 





 





their name and address.

THE BROODER



i'i'HA'i'



BROODS‘





{COOLFRESH

yam





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 





K ,°.".-F

Catalonia“

you Iivs‘ua

X _ ,7... .ur...

“~~— ~ / .mnamcam





DOM 4 Root Mia-1'60.

on»... m l





__ OHIO

WMROQDERS I





WARM-r11“

BY CONTACT}





 





6 4-10 j. Site’s Dams rec. 10002 lbs. “2-year-old seat 6





FOR SALE iniiii’niiiliiilii

Coming four years old. Good Style. Good Bone—





Best of Breeding. Sound and all right. Price reason-

able. PARSONS 6t BALDWIN. Watervliet. I'llch.





 





' Pt. Autin. Mien. will offer some

SIIIIIRVRIB Farm! bargains in Scotch herd bulls.

Berkshire brood sows and gllts— Watch this ad.





RRBIiIlERS’ DIRECTORY.

CATTLE.





ABERDEEN-ANGUS.





Herd headed by UNDULATA BLACKBIBD

TO 83836. one of the best sons of PRINCE ITO

50006. and Grand Champion Bull at the Detroit

and Grand Rapids Fairs of 1907 and 1908. Herd con-

sists of Ericas. Blackbirds. Prides. etc.

WOODCO'I‘E STOCK FARM. Ionic. Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





ABERDEEN ANGUS bull. i Polls-‘1 Durham

herd bull closely related to World’s Champion. and





CLOVER BLOSSOM FARM. Port Austin. Mich.





_ i. i '. ii i ii .

IOLSTEINS £..’l2f.?i.”if£fa’.;t.y.° "€235.31:





 





 





I

l

i





4

i





man POLLEI) sous. catamarans.

sows. John Burner & Bon. Grand Ledge. Michigan.

MARSTON FARM—JERSEY CATTLE.

'l‘. l". MABSTON. Bay City. Michigan.

CHOICE JERSEYS- $2i°3-.t.i‘§.":.’§"..’.°.‘ii.‘,

CLARENCE BRISTOL. It. 110. I. Fulton. Mich.

Pure Bates Shel-thorns.

Polled Durhams. A. D. DeGarrno. Highland. Mich.

RED "MEI! BATTLEEians'iei’Sf. ii’éissé‘.$v‘:'i‘i‘s

heifers at $50 to 375. E. Brackett. Allegan. Michigan.





 





 





 





 





WOODLAND SHORTHORNS





Apricot. Airdrle Duchess. Hudson Duchess.

and Roan Duchess families.



Both sexes and all ages for sale. Priced tonsil



and sell quick.





MEYER BROS.. R. 7,HowelI. l'ilchlznn.





 





Nothing for sale at

present.

P. P. POPE. Mt. Pleasant. Mlchlcal.





 





BERKSHIREs-m b... m

. Longfellow’s

Duke. and our new herd boar Prime Bacon

98611. a great son of the noted Lard Bacon. and

of intense Masterpiece breeding. Guernseys.

M. B. Tnkeys. B. Ply. Rocks. Pekln Ducks.

Hupp Farms. Birmingham. Mich. G. C. Hupp. Mgr





NORTHERN GROWN RERKSNIRES.





ROYCRUFT FARM. Sidnaw. Ml h.





 





DAMS BROS. IMPROVED CHESTER. WHITES,Lilchtleld,iiich.,

won more premiums in '08 than any other hard in Michigan.

Stock all ages for sale Prize winning W. 'Orpington, W. Leg-

horn and Buff Rock eggs, $1 per 15. Shortharn bulls &hniters





CHESTER wm'rns—Fali pigs. either sex. .12.

Spring pigs 88. Will breed



gilts for September farrow for 320. Satisfaction guar-



anteed. COLON C. LILLIE. Coopersville. Mich.





ORESTER WRITES‘hifiwifi’imfie1'8“}???

Also fall pigs either oer. Orders hookgd for fine

delivery. W. 0. WILSON. Okelnos. Mich.





 





 





 





. She herd Dogs. 13.

Francisco Farm Shorthorns ? OUROC JERSEY SWINE’ P- $00k eggs. ’1





Our foundation stock comes ir m s veral i' t ‘

one yearling bullieit. Freightand car iaretobuyers., best herds in the country. 0 e 0 he





for 15.





Duroc Jerseysfigtfl’gfiefii

CAREY I]. EDMONDS. Hastings. Mich.





J. H. BANGHART. Lansing. Mich.





 





 





om for sum. 1. u. biionlAN. Fowlervilie. Mich. _ J B. CROUSE STOCK FARM,





“'Mdmu- FA an. 0-" Taft.Proprietor.

B. 1. Oak Grove. Lsiv. 00.. Michigan. Bell phone





“015]!“ “Ml -—A few line bull calves





sire Canary Mercerdes

Royal King. W. B. JONESDax GroveJt. No.3.)(ich.





TOP NOTCi‘I HOLS’I‘EINS.





“Top Notch" registered young Holstein Bulls.

combining in themselves. in excellent proportion,

the blood oi cows who now hold. and in the ant have

held Worlds Records for milk and butter- at at fair

prices. McPHEBSON FAB-MS 00.. Howell. Mich.





“OLSTElN BULLS One 15 mo. Old. A. It. 0..

° dam. a. show bull all over.

One 10 mo.. one-7 1110.. four 3 weeks to 2 mo. old.

Buy a good one. worth the money. Write quick.I

want to sell every one of these before the 20th.

L. E. CONNELL. Fayette. Ohio.





H E R E F O R DS:‘i§,‘i".‘.i§.‘eii§o“£iiiifii





China hogs. R. E. ALLEN. Paw Paw. Mich.





JERSEY BULLS READY FOR SERVICE.





Three young hulls ready for spring service. out of

good cows with records of 400 to 600 pounds of butter

in a year with only ordinary care. Also a fine lot of

young calves. Write for description and prices.





 





COLON C. LILLIE. Cooper-ville. Mich.





 





31010" GROVE STOCK HORN





I

I

l

l





 





HARTLAND MICH.. breeder of SHORT-

CA'l'i‘LE. Have all ages. both sexes.

Color—reds and room. Quality and prices right.





SHEEP.

ERDENHEIM FARM





SHROPSHIRES





EDWIN 8. GEORGE, Owner.

Rams and Ewes for Sale.

WRITE FOR PRICES T0





ROBERT GROVES. Shepherd.

R. F. D. No. 3. Pontiac. Mich.





gnnonsmnr HALL sroox FARM.





u make special prices for thirty days. on ewes

from 1 to 3 years old. all bred to Imported Cooper.

and Manseli rams to lamb in March and April. also

on very choice ewe lambs. thlsis to make room for an

importation that is going to arrive this spring.



L. S. DURHAM a: SONS. Concord. Michigan.





60 INTO SHEEP RAISING





Buy of Michigan’s Largest Breeder of good sheep.

Romeyn C. Parsons. Grand Ledge, Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





AMBOUILLEr—Flock founded 1892 with doewes

selected from one hundred registered owes of the

best breeding pdsslble. J. Q. A. COOK.Morrica.Mich.





HOGS.





 





 





 





 





Northern Grown Jerseys.

ROYCBOF'I‘ FARM. Sidnaw. lllc .





IRS“ BULL CALI? born March 10.18. M'I

J average yearly milk rbcord 5 years 8526 lbs.: test





240‘. Murray-Waterman 00.. Ann Arbor. Mich. 3.6.





 





CHOICE FALL GIL'I‘O and boar pigs. Right breed-

ing and prim right. Also a few aged sows bred

for spring fauow. A. A. Pattuuo. Dockerviile. Mich.





BERKSHIRE‘S'ng-‘Efwfi‘fi

Premier Longfellow and Masterpiece. the world’s

champions. C. D. WOODBURY. Lansing. Mich.





 





 





DUBOO Jersey oi size and quality. 40 Bears ready

for service. 50 sows at Farmers Prices. Satis-





faction Guaranteed. J. C. Barney. Goldwater. Mich





 





- I. C.'s Boats ddsows all sold. I have a fine lot of

. young pigs that will soon be ready to ship.

A. NEWMAN. Route No. 1. Mariette. Mich.





 





0 l C’s—ALL AGES. Thirty sows bred

- 0 for spring furrow. Shipped

. H. J M





on approval. H P. Munlth. Mich.





 





0 l C Boers ready for service. Spring pigs by

’ ' ' grandson of World’s Grand Champion.

Glonwood Stock Farm, Zeoland, Michigan, R. 6. Phone 94.





 





0 I C swine very prolific. My herd is

0 e 0 headed with a grand son of Jackson

Chief. the world’s Champion and Grand Champion,

the greatest 0. I. C. boar in the world, also a Grand

son of 'I‘utesy second. the world champion sow.



Place your order now for spring pigs.

A. J. GORDEN. R. No. 2. Don. Mich.





P. C. B , .

EXTRA CflolCE Breeding (lhldivgdllsmyaedld p?i‘ge





right. WOOD dir. SONS. Saline. Michigan.





10 heavy: boned boars



P‘ 0- sows A“ 80“" ready for service. One



choice registered RED POLL COW. with fine



bullby side. BUFF ROCK COCKERELS



at $1 and 32. as long as they last. Write today

for what you want.



WM. WAFFLE. Jr.. Goldwater. Michigan.





FRANCISCO FARM POLAND-GHINAS.





Boers and sows all cleaned up. Am booking orders

for spring pigs. P. PfiPOPE. Mt. Pleasant. Mich.





 





 





 





 





P Land Ch‘ b a en t-

IIEIVI 30"” n3... bani”; °£§§£Jh§°u§5na if):





snap-shot photos. Robert Nave. Pierson, Mich.





' ' l i f ii I

largo English iorkslures. 33:43.22“; .1; 93.5.?

Also a fine lot of spring pigs at 88 each. Will breed

gilt! for fall farrow at 20. Satisfaction guaranteed.

COLON C. L LLIE. Ooopersviile. Mich. ,





 





 





Always mention the Michigan Farmer

when writing to advertisers.





f“





 





+fiw, WM, _, - _
FW. 1.. ..._ ._.~- my...” ‘M.~-p—_





 





 





APRIL 10, 1909.





THE DAIRY





 





FYYYV





 





 





 





CONDUCTED BY COLON C. LILLIE.





 





FIGURES ON COST AND NUTRITIVE

VALUE OF DAIRY FEEDS.





I regret to say that my efforts to reach

a basis on which to compute a money

value justly applicable to the varying

digestible nutrients in the various stock

feeds has proven a hard proposition. On

account of the greatly varying contents,

a unit suited to one is unsuited to an-

other. Therefore, to overcome this con-

dition, I propose to treat protein the

same as fat has already been treated, by

a Suitable reduction to a parity of car-

bohydrates, thus rendering the extended

total nutrients in all feedstuffs practi-

cally uniform in their nutritive value,

thereby making it possible and practical

to arrive at a unit of costs which will

do justice to all and at the same time

enable the feeder to select understand-

ingly and economically.



In order to make plain and to better

demonstrate this plan of procedure, I

am sending a table covering a few stand-

ard feeds worked out on the lines indi-

cated above.





 





Dairy Feed Table, Compiled by B. W.

Putnam.





From

Table 4





II





1.1.

odfimmNWrPU‘H N0





 





Value.

HM From

chw-chmuxeoMI—I TableS

No.

Value.

~ ‘o-~m1~:.o;o 1 ‘1”

fifiaengsepgsd Local

glibgééégowww lVlell‘th

' 0 COO“ Prices.

donaowooswowouo

pQO,O$D’-:'—“,11H":JOI-f-Ovso

1......zgr-rggfi Qfimgggfl

531-111 :gjmgg-.: 5

. 1 .4: "‘

sag 5m:"1?3:cu

SQ:H$-gem Asgfis

Safrrig‘Hmigmwg z

9.1:" r) 20,. . $3 971.50

‘ ESE-*Q-r~3-:0 E

2 tot-spa. . :1 40—160

m>fiv- . 9w. Am :23: ,1)

. - ref-1.1.1: I Opqu 3 m

T'--’- . o - fill—Ric’s

725'4- - ~ A» *3 Zoom 0

‘o 94'-"’U-C‘»-:'FJE1 H“

_O.H>1-g.. ,1.O-d.‘\/1—3~.

$93- - ' 0".1-3 c 111

1—n—I 1+- - - - - .. OAUOA (D

.‘.'g‘m-.ov. 'UH'O

. em - - - - - G‘VWTVm {D

. . ._,,. . . . . . 0' . .5 Q.

::-:2:-'::F a: v If.

. . j 54. . . . . . ,0 g:

. . , U)‘ . . V m

2' g ; I: 22' 5/2

o . , _ z . . - . . g

IZI>D>3 Z ' .. 3' '

«a s 3 9°

({QQO - c. a 73‘





‘2

Table 2.——Origina| Pounds, Percentages





and Cost of Digestible Nutrients.

Lbs,





CDYLLjH—‘IQJA-IlJ—‘>lq_1_l.4.4I). .-

-1;1-‘—:1.-oou—©m-1-~I.L.a_;11—aio l§«'-\tll)le

sovooopkooasz‘.a.w l’l'otcin



Per Ton.

1.11.1 1—1 l—J I—II—I l—le-l l1l1S. _

7:'SgEDw-i'oa'o'wco—‘Ilalflo lllg'OSlllflo

1—1': Hh>IOLIC>H£~Jc.;;4.-: “-- ‘ . 1.

”wedge, go 01000904.».‘3 (1,).Iilrli‘niyltl1ates



t" 1 ,



1.1.114 1—1 1.1 Tbs.



1:1 - -

conkasoomvmxcuc‘amiom -1 DISOFUbIO

mumflwomcmmmcmoo 19th



Pcr Ton.

L—Ai—I—lK—lL—Lb—lp—ll—li—Ab—lb—JH—tl—Al—l TIDS.

‘;'1:Ia--;‘11.: 2%;JSDIIILL‘I‘IZL-‘JA 'l‘tilill

:mfi:H~lLlF/)7:~—‘LI>A-ILI‘I ill.“ "1]

“2'leka JQH‘ka’Il/flfjg lh‘nllo





Nutrients.





’9 Cost

HHIoHtommroHHmthH—A 'l‘ulill





vatiecz—i». but. 14AC®L14>~"' <

#:1931499 HCil-‘Uli‘loflmd—‘C? Nllliltnls

1 cr loo lbs.





Pcr (“ent

~1~1c:-lc:La~1czcu~1¢a—1~1*l*1 'l‘ot'll

--.o-1--orocz;ovno1o§rizlo .f .

1—13 H‘QCIJCDOILVOClJ-LVOO 11‘3"",‘tlblp



l\‘utr1cnts.





Table 3.—Extended Digestlble Nutrients.

Basis Pro. 1.50, Fat 2.25, 0051;, Gain, etc.





1.41—11—41—11—11—41—11—11-11—11—11—11-41—11—1 11:1"<'_.]“‘\I"Ild'

1It. ~Io1..1om—1-1*1~21/~14. tlllltllts





am... OGHI OCQVL‘L-LHDI _:l ‘ *1

“ " l-{lfll'llOC‘Si—léo locb;~2 Liz] flgt51;1}_1‘25





(

210.





‘39 (lost

3.11.11; Ial—H—ti—I‘r-AHI—ai—IH 1-4 [*IXtOllde





Lu]—u4.l—"(/.1@~1mm.1 a r .-,

'::1.::1o.9asasoosznwm833.414b lkllllltnts

1 (‘1‘ 100 lbs.





(:‘I





1.





Hummugl—Ir—al—I‘l—n—I‘i—u—I‘i—AH kiss. Extend.

w-1wcsq.19»1molmmzo—loi utrients

eo *oo1—I»Iwu.-co14‘W ' -



1“ w 3. Protein 1.50



Fat 2.25





H);

WQWLQHC‘JQWNQHEOW

649 Cost

HHl—JHNIOHHHl—H—‘l—H—ll—Al—l





4‘ - .

.5.-IC7:1J.-LJ 3~1~1c>mmous~ctw J’Atonded

-1;a:1w;1s.coco:ou—w1&-:Dooto Nlltl‘lcnts





Per 100 lbs.





19

009‘





Lbs.

Digestible

Nut1ients

For $1. 00.





 





*9" Comparative

Money Gain





[\Dl—lblhl-‘MMCOPIMHODWl-‘I





monH»»0H#©*Hmm

mm“; {OM-qw-Q-Qmw swam in 14.xtended





Protein.

commaximoozoxloowoooqw Pm Cent

togag—Agopsrogzmzomwfqoocip Total

ALWUTAUIQOOvAOOCOObUlLO 1k

ooomumoomoooorgu Digestible



Nutrients.





THE ' MICHIGAN FARMER. (9) 421





Table 4.—Extended Dlgestible Nutrlents.

Basis Protein 2.00.. Cost, Gain, etc.





Lbs. Extend.

« ~ ~ - Nutrients

.33? Protein 1.75

“’0‘" Fat 2.25





M Cost

HHHl—‘rot—‘HHHl—‘HHZHH Extended





91>vwmo-ocbammfiee “>03 Nutrients

o woo 01o

OdeUlOOdsfi NJ at" Per 100 lbs.





,_. ,_. 1—1 Lbs. Extend.





I‘l‘fci-‘F‘F‘T‘EFHITF’N- . ~ , .

coca-ALIchoquagmgooc-Ji? NthI‘lentS

icon—1 “tol'ANl o as— ‘ 1'

cidzofSuSOUprwwAW Protf1n2.00

Fat 220





69 Cost

f—‘l—‘f—‘HNJE-‘Hl-‘l-‘HHHHHEA Extended

U,“ .

afi$fitmgg$ggmmgmu Nutrients

Per 100 lbs.





Ijhs.





- - .s~ ®Q~1~1~1T1 . .

flggaclgagayw‘mppw Digestible

Elli—*nggtommHJM-Aogg’, Nutrients

zit/30cc§ .11 common: 00 1701.55.





 





,_, so -.

uswnw-bmeaoohmpgzroI—‘r‘ CompaI‘éLthe

Mal-,Jobmighbni-u-twmg MOQQY aln

11.00 1W— coor—Iwomw inhxtended





Protein.

1—1 1—AI-I

gas: oggzzoooowwow-lg PerCent

"NT of"°’7‘?°?°.°9°5°.°°- Total

nggggegggwggmaimmmmm





Nutrients.





 





The first table contains names and.





market ton price of feeds. Also the N0. ‘





\alne, indicating the position in the table,

beginning with the. chz‘apcst feed as No.

1, as applied to the cost of total digestible

nutrients, as shown in tables 3 and 4.

Table 2 shows the p1unds of digestible

nutrients in a ton of each feed, based on

the analysis, and without any additions

for extra fat or protein; cost of total

digestible nutrients, per 100 lbs, based

on the market prices as given in table 1;





also the per cent, or pounds, of nutrients ‘





contained in 11111 lbs. of each.





Table 3 shows the pounds and cost 0ft





digestible, nutrients after adding 271 and,





50 per ccntwtwo separate columns~ot

the original protcin and 1271 per cent of





fat; also pounds of nutrients for $1 and,

per cent of nntiients on this extended





basis.



The comparative money gain column,

in both tables 3 and -l is ‘Inislr‘ading and

should not be employed in a money sense.

It simply shows the, effect of increasing

the pounds of protein T10 and 100 per cent

and then multiplying the same by their

respective costs of nutrients. Had only

the number of added pounds appeared,

its object would have been better ac-

complished. ("orn curries only 7!) lbs.,





while oil meal and cottonseed meal carry1





29?. and 372 lbs. rcSDOClivoly of added

protein.



Table 4 is a repetition of table 3 except

thflt added protein is 771 and Mo per cent,

thus increasing correspondingly all the

various amounts.



To determine as to the proper decimal

to use in the matter of protcin reduc-

tion may be diflicult. In some respects

T like the 50, and in some, the 100 per

cent plan. The result of the two arc

plainly seen by reference to the No.

value columns in table l; 710 per cent

favors “corn and cob,” while 11m pcr

cont largely favors the. cottonseed group.

I am aware that some fecdcrs consider

protein of three or four times the value

of carbohydrates. Like, “capital and la—

bor," it requires the two to make a “bal—

anced ration,” and it's a. qucstion whether

a ton of corn meal, with its 1,579 lbs. of

digestible nutrients does not carry as

much moncy vallio in those, times of

63417th corn as a ton of cottonseed meal

with only 1,250 lbs.



Dairy Feeds and Fodders.



Tn compiling a list of folds and fod-

dcrs on a basis of 1.710, 1.0“ and 2.271 for

basis of pounds of protein, carbohydratos

and fat, Several things have conic to the

Slll‘leco to which I wish to call attention

as shown in the following table.



The slight difference in the average

pound cost of the total nutrients as found

in three rich carbohydrates and the three

rich protein feeds.



2. The very slight difference found in

the ton price of mixed feed “A" No. 1

and “ll" No. 1. doth 111ixtnres are in-

tended to make a balanced ration, "A,"

with 12.5 per cent protein, 715 per cent

carbohydrates and 5.8 pcr cent fat, to be

fed with corn silage and clover hay for

roughage, and “B,” with 18 per cent pro—

tein, 50 per cent carbohydrates and 6.8

per cent fat, to be fed with silage and

cut corn fodder or timothy hay. The cost

per pound of extendcd total nutrients is

even less in the “B,” or rich protein

mixture.



The above would indicate that the 50

per cent added protein was ample, and

that it was possible under this plan to

secure one as cheaply as the other.



3. In the bays, corn fodders, roots,



, I have aimed to reach nearly a uni-





I

l

l





l .





I





 





 





 





DBUMM dz SAanMENTo STS.





SAN FRANCISCO





Squelching line (if





he Users of Abandoned





DE LAVAL





DREAM SEPARATE] B

INVENTIONS





Our attention is called to the recent advertisement of the Vermont





Farm Machine Co., makers of the so-callcd “U. S’ cream separators,





which bristles with assertions likely to convey a false impression to'





those who may have rec .d it.



They refer to the Ilouston & Thomson patent in a way to imply.

that DH. lll‘l LAVAL was not the inventor of THE FIRST PRACTICAL

CONTINUOUS FLOW‘ CENTRIFI'GAL CREAM Sl-Zl’AllATtllt, when

they know that the Houston & Thomson patcnt as wcll as the De Laval

patent BOTH belonged to the DE LAVA]. (‘ompany, that a usable ma-

chine Was never built according to the Houston & Thomson patent, and

that they themselves helped other infringcrs sued by the DE LAVAL

Company to have the courts decide that the Houston 1: Thomson patent

DID NOT show a continuous Separator, even in a technical patent sense,

let alone a *machine capable of practical use.



They say “No discarded or abandonul inventions are used in the

United States separators,” when they know that Sillcc Ill-l LAVAL sep-

arators forced them to abandon their antiquated gravity creamcrs and

take up cream separatms they have twice cscapcd the penalty of in-

fringement suits brought against them by M11 [>11] LAVAL Company by

narrow legal technicalities alone, such as a llélli‘llt having been taken

out by two men together, one of whom had addcd to the inventive

work of the other, when the American law, different from that of Euro-

pean countries, rcouircs two separate patents being taken out in such

circumstances.



And furthermore they know that their so—called “1909 MODEL”

machines utilize merely the curved vertical “blade" howl construction

Of the. NO‘V EXPIRED NINETEET (15') YEARS Old) DE LAVAL

PATENT NO. 432,71!) ISSUED JULY 12, two, which “blade” type of

bowl constI‘uction, while Dl‘l LAVAL owncd, was NEVER GOOD

Ei’OIfGlf for DIG LAVAL use,—»an.l that any child can scc the “new”

U. S. utilization of it now by l‘t‘fcl‘cllt'o to a copy of the patent obtain-

able from the Commissioner of Patents, \Yashington, L). t‘.



They hark back again to a skim-milk “record" claimed to have been

made at the Buffalo Exposition in 1.001, which has been exploded so

often that it’s threadbare and at most is :1 pI'1-li\ ancient basis to seek

patronage upon in this pl‘ogl‘esrdvc age in tho year liwll.



They print a “testimonial" lctler from a man who has long been

THEIR O\\'N AGENT, posing us the “president" of a

near Poughkecpsic, N. Y.. which lcitcr they have been simply changing





Itlc crcamcry





the date of and varying :1 little from ycar to year for ten years.



“'hilc most of this lettcr is nnlruc it is true that this agent of

tllt‘ll‘s did s1-ll :1 few "1'. S. machines to patrons 11-11 years ago, but

they were sold at half-price, or less, as :1, sort of "stagc—play,” because

of the ncarncss to the De Laval \\'orks, to fawn-rs who wcre led to bc-

lievc they were getting “barga‘ns” at tho prico, solllc of whom have

never used the machines, while others huvc long ago abandoned thcir

use or traded them in at “scrap“ valch for DH T..\\’.\l. machines,



In this connection it may be remarked that in 1005‘ the llli LAVAL

agents made competitive “trade allowances" for more abandoned “U.

S.” separators to be thrown into the scrap pilc than for any other

make of separator, even of tho trashy “mail order" kinds, which bcars

out the judgment of the, agents NOlV advertising “1'. S. scpnrntors at

“mail order" pricos—manifestly putting them in their right class.



We should not devote this much space to the “l'. S.” machine——

which we consider a “dead duck" compctitivcly~but for the fact that

this kind of advertising by their makers is more or less typical of that

of would-be competitors gcncrally in their desperate effort to keep all

1909 business from going to the Improved DE LAVAL machines.





 





 





THE DE LAVAL SEPARATUR 00.





42 E. MADISON STREET 173—177 WILLIAM STREET





CHICAGO General Offices: MONTREAL

1213 & 1215 FILBERT STREET 14 & 16 PmncEss STREET

PHILADELPHIA 165 BROADWAY. WINNIPEG





107 FIRST STREET





NEW YORK. PORTLAND, ORE.
~.





422

form nutritive poundcost and to show

the variation in value in the ten prices

in 'the left hand column. By‘reference

to'the table one will see that the differ-

ence shown in the ton value of hay is

but little when the nutrients are equal-

ized, altho if the protein was increased

50 per cent more it would set clover ahead

to about $8.60. Both corn stover and corn

fodder show up well—-more than their

real value, in many cases, perhaps—and

yet we all know how the fresh cows fill

the pail when getting a liberal ration of

good, bright, sweet corn fodder and a

grain feed to match. The Wisconsin style

planted in the hill and well eared silage

shows a value of 25 per cent over the

more common sort.



Sugar beets at $5 per ton form the

basis for wet beet pulp at $3.40, carrots

at $3.92 and mangles at $3.00. I am a bit

disappointed in both carrots and man-

gles, but am prepared to accept the

showing and consider all roots as a. relish

and a regulator instead of a cheap pro-

ducer of nutrition.



The column showing pounds digestible

nutrients for Si tells its own story and

proves the correctness of cost as shown





(10$





in adjoining column. These figures

plainly indicate that when we scrimp

on roughage, when short, in preference





to buying, and increase the grain feed to

maintain the flow of milk, we are paying

practically two dollars to one for every

dollar's worth of nutrients so substituted,

as in good hay at $8.00 per ton we get

124 lbs. for $1.00, or at a cost of SOC per

100 lbs., whereas in a grain 'mixture we

would get only 63 to 66 lbs. for the same

outlay, or at a cost of $1.49 to $1.57 per

100 lbs. And this, mind you. when the

grain feed is selected with a view to rigid

economy. If bran, oats or many of the

commercial mixtures are used the added

expense would be still more largely in-

creased.



Figured on Extended Basis of Protein



1.50, Carbohydrates 1.00, FFat 2.25.





THE ‘ MICHIGAN, :' FARMER.





tical to use ,it to run milking machine

and cream separator, or would it be bet-

ter to buy a smaller one for that purpose?

Thebasement floor, and also the horse

stable floor will be of cement.



Tuscola Co. H.





Of course, I suppose that H. H. wants

my honest opinion with regard to his

plan for a barn. In the first place, I

would not have the basement 31/2 ft. in

the ground. In fact, I would not» have

it in the ground at all. Build the barn

above the ground and have the floor at

least four inches above the surrounding

ground outside. You will make a mistake

if you do not do this.





Yes, I think 10-inch

blocks would be strong enough

your building and the hollows in these

blocks could be used for pure-air in-

takes. I think that part of it would

work very nicely. But you can have

pure-air intakes when you make the

building out of lumber. ,



Now with regard to the number of?

pure-air intakes and where they should}

be placed. They should be placed on all:

sides of the barn, and you want a num«f

ber of them. You want enough so that

when the wind blows fiercely from one

direction you can close all the intakes

on that side and yet have enough pure-

air intakes the balance of the way around

the barn to supply your animals with all

the fresh air they need. When the wind

blows fiercely from one direction it will

blow thru the intakes on that side so

rapidly that it will cool your barn down

on a cold night.



It is not necessary to have the venti-

lating shaft in the center of the barn.

You can put it any place most conven-

ient, just the same as you can the chim—

ney of a house. It doesn't have to be in

any particular spot. What you want is





J





hollow cement

to hold





 





 





a good air—tight shaft that extends up

thru the basement, up thru the storage





part of the barn and out of the roof.

and the higher above the roof the better,

because the taller a chimney the better





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





APRIL ’10, “1909.





0 ~ ,. ,.,

J





A- .

r .J~ ‘





Tbs Most Perfect .

, Cream Separator

’ That rMoney Can Buy.





"The United States was Medals ,





Nos. 14 and 15,er all other sizes, are absolutely unequaled.





They are the standard Separators of the world.





They are entitled to this claim of being Standard because they won

out in the greatest contest of Cream Se arators eVer held at any

National or International Exposition in 0 consecutive runs, lasting

through one month, on the milk of 10 different breeds of cows. The

9e Laval Disc J‘eparato rs and the d‘fmrp’les Tubulard‘eparators

were entered in this contest and were beaten. , ‘





- The United States Separators are used byavery large rcentage

of the leading breeders in all the 10 leading dairy breeds o cows.





The United States Separators are used by progressive dairymen

and creamerymen everywhere.





The United States Separators have handsome

frames, cast in one solid piece. They have,_waist

low supply cans. The gears are all enclosed,

dust proof and self oiling. The bowls are most

simple in construction and easily washed thor-

oughly in all parts in from two to five minutes.

No long goose neck pipe in the United States

to get. foul and diflicult to clean.





U ’1





5





U Dairy women as well as experts consider that

§ the United States is nOWthe easiest cleaned, turns





easiest, skim. cleanest and wears longest.





The United States was the originator of the

enclosed, dust proof, self oiling gears. All others

using this feature are imitators.





Send for illustrated catalogue and circular, No. 111





WRMONT FARM MACHINE CO.

BELLOWS FALLS, VERMONT





 





 





Luge.





US.





 





Genasco





Ready Roofing





Trinidad Lake asphalt is the backbone of

Genasco. It is the greatest weather—resister

known. It makes Genasco cost a little more, and

makes it worth it because it lasts so long.



When you don’t have leaks, damage, repairs,

and renewals to pay for, you have real roof-econ—

omy.





Get Genasco—the worth while roofing for every building on the farm. Look

for the hemisphere trade-mark. and you'll get the roofing backed by a thirty—two-

million-dollar guarantee. Mineral and smooth surface. \‘Vritc for samples and

the Good Roof Guide Book.





THE BARBER ASPHALT PAVING COMPANY





Largest producers of asphalt and largest

manufacturers of ready roofing in the world.





PHILADELPHIA

Chicago





 





J





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





:2. g V; it will draw. Those are the essential

P _ 24:33 3.5:? things about a ventilating shaft rather

. . - ...:. czn . . . .

Pei-1:19:11 FeNelfglefnngRllilbls {3.35; 9.315 than its particular location in. a barn.

' ' M 11233.2. 7:: ()nc ventilating shaft is better than tw0.1

€32.32 5534” just the same as one chimney is bettei‘

$24.67 Three richest earbo- than two. If you havo two ventilating!

“”00 T'lllliltftl‘mll‘tlli‘llti’l2ldjll‘gltfiflML”, Sal.“ shafts you are liable to have counter:

Uh. I

feeds, avg. _______ 58.56 1.70 currents, and have cold air come down.

27.20 Mix. feed “A."No. ]. (32:01 1.5? one instead of warm air going out. If

M. -_ .. .. n. .. . _

“2.3% %}II(?\1(lf‘3}‘: ”- lVO-l-lgli-L’U 1:3 you have only one, and have it of the

). i ‘ " 1 ' ........ *.Z) .1 . . . . .

3.13 ’I‘iniothv hyav ....... 12 .Si .80 I‘Is‘ht SIZE. there 1511 t any danger or cold

8.10 Mixed C. 'I‘..........12-l.l»i .R0 air coming down the ventilating shaft,

tr w . . 7.. - H v . . . .

260 gglfil filldif le‘lfif: :8 but 'Vl'llll two. Just as there is With two

, y, (,3‘........L>.f). .3 . . . .

2‘40 Corn silage ......... 11N33 85 chlmneys in one room, there is liable to

3.00 Corn silage, “is .1151}? fir. be a counter draft. I think a Ventilat—

{328 21:17:11: BEN-:1” ----- l. 41:3); €83 ing shaft about 21/; it. square on the

5:92 Gilmore MID, “‘ ' “7,, 7,"); inside would be sufficient to ventilate a

{too Mangles ............ 4.9.3:: 2.07 barn of this size.

Kent Co. 13. W. PUTNAM. No, the model stall does not bother

___._.__.__ materially in using a milking machine.

CRITICISM ON BARN PLANS. Of course, you have to cut an opening

__‘--., in the partition between every two cows

1 am sending a Skmph of my barn plan so that you can set the. machine in this

for) Illinl‘lnllrlie's ('l'illl'ti‘l‘s‘lll. _ Barn is to ‘be opening. That is all that is necessary 10

,_ .0 mg and m L. wide. ‘l‘he base; be done.

ment 01/; it. beneath the surface and o . . . .

ft. aboveh-l ft. of which is to be concrete, I SW? no particular olueetion to running

{he 1remanlider of 10—inch hollow con‘ient the separator and the milking machine

Haws. ’l' 1e sommd story is to have lli~ .- . 1 1 l r‘ . -

1.1. ”mm and a, MD “mf- \\'i!l lll—inr-ll “1111 the (.l,L,llt.Il.'I. (paint. In fact, I

cement blocks be strong ”mum, to hold do not think it would take very much

/20 F7.’ LONG

24 FT J4F7.‘ 44.”? 1417". 24.FT

IQ

Q HORSE A GRAN/3R7”

& 5mm: a A.

k a , k:

m N ‘9 [INT/LATINO L\

n ‘t 05

q \

4 SHAFT Q

R. ch/s/vr

MIA/FLOOR k 5r01mc£

‘b-'J'AIYK §

"" “‘ Q

be

’5’:

KEED ALLEY 8F]? [DI/[DE

kl ck .

VENTMATIZVG 2 3: $3

M Q § Q

85.3 3%

SHAFT :3 343°:

23/! .S’L‘JVZ EN T

up a structure Of this kind? I want to more gasoline to run the eight H. P.

use the lioilofvsunl thef ccml‘tn’t1 MEN‘S, engine than it \\'()lll(l the smaller one.

\\'lll(‘ll are ix T. 1110 “‘5‘, 01‘ Ill it {(3 UPS. . .) . . , ) r. . . _

llow many will I need for each side? 1 ll.i\<, run a bl/ézrfl. 1. engine ioi pump _

“here should the ventilating Shaft be 10- mg water and 1 could not see that it

cated? I canipotl have it tin the $1th used any more gasoline than did a 31/2

on account o ‘1e sling l‘le‘x'. ease , , , - ..

notice location of shaft in the sketch. II. P Md? be It does, some, but I

If located here it Would come out at the certainly think it would be more prac-

I'iul‘line plaftcb aboutv‘lilnidway llietnl'w‘fiti 'tical to use this 8 H. P. engine for this

the ends 0 am. ,1 one su01 Sis. . .r'

be sufficient, and how large must it be? purpose than to Save 1W? etngitnes. You

I intend to put in model cow stalls and tan 000110311120, mm 3 s ar lng‘ your

would like. t” know .H,(.I.1,(.,. they will separator in time enough so as to get

both -r in using" a milking machine._ I thru separating at about the same time

’Wlll‘ put a stationary \ if. P. gasoline you get tliru milking. This will lessen

engine, under mam flour to run feed . , . . .

grinder and husker. Vl'ould it be prac- the time for running the gasoline engine.





 





New York San Franc1sco



AVI; from $50 to $300 by buying your gasoline engine of Z to Zl-liorse-power from



a real engine factory. Save dealer, jobber and catalogue house profit. No such offer



. as I make .on the class of engine I sell has ever been made before in all Gasoline Engine



history. Here is the Secret and reason: I turn them out all alike by the thousands in my



enormous modern factory, equipped with automatic machinery. I sell them direct to you



for 125]: money than si'omc factories can make them at actual shop cost.

you pay me or is actual raw inaier‘ l / V



mate/rial 1m enormous quantities). ial. abor and one small proiit (and I buy my

my iody can afford and might just as well have .1 hi rh rade en 7i 1'



can get in on a wholesale deal of this kind, I'nmloing some-(Fling (11.311259; 3:: he



done before. Think of itl A price to you that is lower than dealers and

Jobbers canliuy sumlar engines for, in carload lots, for spot cash.



. An engine that is made so good in the factory that I will send



it out anywhere in the U. 5. without an expert to anv inexperienced



users. on 30 days' free trial, to test against any engine made of



sumlarliorse-powcr that sells for twice as much. and let him



be the Judge. So" your pool-col hon. Ind buy a





5-H.-P. Only $119.50





‘





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Gel 'éalloway’s

Biggest and Best

FREE ”33%? 800K





Write today for my beautiful new Sic-page Engine Book in four

colors, nothing like it ever printed before, full of valuable information,

showing how I make them and how you can make more money with a

gasoline engine on the farm. Write Inc—-





11»... Ganom, Pro... My. Galloway ca.

845 Galloway Statlan, Waterloo, Iowa





 





 





 





 





When writing to advertisers mention The Michigan Farmer.
APRIL 10, 1909.

SOURCES OF BACTERIA IN MILK.





The relation which bacteria bear to

the quality and keeping properties of

milk is gradually becoming better under-

stood, and with this knowledge has come

a demand for accurate information as to

the nature of these organisms, the great

variety in which they exist and many

other facts concerning them. That it is

practically impossible to totally exclude

them from milk, and that they multiply

with extreme rapidity, has been proven

over and over again. Dairymen who have

had examined for bacteria, milk which

had been produced under exceptionally

favorable conditions have been astounded

at the results. The question most often

asked after such an experience is, how

did so many of them get into the milk?

The answer is not hard to find when

the numerous sources of these mysterious

organisms are known and the fact ap-

preciated that only absolutely perfect

conditions can prevent their introduction

into milk. The bacteriologist of the De—

partment of Agriculture has, since the

beginning of the present year, issued a

most helpful bulletin on this subject of

bacteria in their relation to milk, from

which we take the following concerning

the sources of those organisms which the.

dairyman is most anxious to guard

against:



It has been assumed by many writers

that milk is formed in the udder entirely

free from bacteria. This has frequently

been disputed and is still a matter of

some doubt. However, the best author-

ities agree that milk is bacteria-free

when formed, unless the udder is so

injured or diseased that there is a direct

passageway from the blood vessels to the

milk ducts. It should be remembered

that an injury so slight that it would cs-

cape the most careful examination might

be sufficient to allow the passage of

bacteria.



Even if the milk is secreted bacteria-

frcc, it is very difficult to obtain it per-

i‘cetly sterile. Bacteria work their way

into the milk cistern thru the opening in

the teat and find there conditions under

which they can grow and multiply. This

growth is ordinarily coniincd to the lower

part of the udder, and the greater number

of the bacteria are washed out with the

Iirst few streams of milk. Sometimes,

however, the growth may extend into the

smaller milk ducts, and the last part of

the milk will contain nearly as many

bacteria as the first.



Inflammation of thc udder or fermenta-

tion of the ‘lllllk in the udder rarely oc-

curs, because there is only a. small

amount of milk held in the udder, and

most of the bacteria found there have

little or no effect on milk. it is also

true that fresh milk, like the blood, con-

tains some substance which has an in-

hibiting influence on bacteria. This in-

fluence is so slight that it is probably of

little practical importance, but it may

have some relation to the comparatively

slow development of bacteria in the

udder.



The real contamination

the milk has left the udder. In spite of

careful milking, dirt, particles of dust,

hairs, even bits of manure from the flanks

or udder of the cow, may fall into the

milk. All of these things invariably carry

more or less bacterial contamination.

Manure usually contains large numbers

of bacteria, many of them being kinds

which produce very undesirable changes

in milk; and the dry dust of the stable

floor contains grcat numbers and varieties

of bacteria. This dust soon settles, and

an open milk pail catches a surprisingly

large amount.



But the contamination docs not end

here. The pails or the cans may not be

properly cleaned, and the corners or

seams may hold small particles of dirt

or sour milk. These impurities are, full

of bacteria, which quickly find their way

into the milk. The cloth thru which the

milk is strained 'may not have been prop-

erly scaldcd, and the bacteria are not

only not all destroyed, but have actually

multiplied in the damp cloth. \thn the

strainer is used again many of these

bacteria are washed out by the milk,



If a cooler is used it may add to the

contamination if it is placed so that it

catches dust. Finally, the bottles in

which the milk is distributed may not

have been properly washcd and steamed,

and thus may become another source of

contamination.



The contamination from each individual

source may be small, but taken all to-

get’her it has a serious influence on the

Quality of the milk. If extraordinary pre-

cautions are taken to prevent contami-

nation, the number of bacteria in the

fresh milk may be kept down to a few





occurs after





THE MICHIGAN FAIQMER.





THE NEW IOWA





CREAM SEPARATOR '

TIIE MAGIIIIIE TIIAT GETS ALL THE BIITTEII-FAT





The average dairy farmer does not realize th at

purchasing a. cream separator which will not get





hundred per cubic centimeter; with care-

ful milking it may easily be kept within

a few thousand; with careless milking

and handling the number will vary

greatly with circumstances and may ex-

ceed 100,000.



The bacteria in milk from cows kept in

stables may be different from the bacteria

in milk from cows on pasture. Bacteria

which occur rarely in milk during the

winter months may become numerous in

the summer, and specific fermentations

which are almost unknown in the sum-

mer may appear in the autumn or winter.



It should not be assumed that all bac-

teria are harmful either to milk or to the

human system. In fact, many kinds of





 





bacteria will grow in milk for a long time

without changing its taste or appearance, 1

while many of the fermentations which

make milk undesirable for direct con-i

sumption are used in making butter and

various kinds of cheese. Very few of the

bacteria cause disease or produce poison-

ous by-products.





 





ANOTHER YEAR’S RECORD FROM

MR. HURD.





I am sending a statement showing the

work of my three cows for the year 1908.

The total amount of butter made was

1,205 lbs. Of this 1.120 lbs. were sold for

a total of $313.34; 75 lbs. were used at

home, which, at 270 per lb. represented

$20.25; sold calves, in form of veal, to the

value of $19.20; cottage cheese to the

value of $31.30 and buttermilk to the

value of $10.25, making a grand total of

$304.3. These are the same cows as

represented in a similar report, publishcd

in these columns for the, preceding year,

the total production that year being 1.100

lbs. of butter. I have also added another





 





year to my milking record, 'making 19

years that I have milked cows twice each

day Without missing.



Kent Co. E. HURD.



It gives me great pleasure to present

the above year’s record from Mr. E.

Hurd. This record is remarkable in

many ways. In the first place, he re-

cclyed last year $301.34 from actual sales,

of the. product of three cows, whichl

gave him $1221.44 per cow. That is a,»

splendid showing. Of course, in this hot:

has not taken into consideration the cost

of feed. The, amount represents the;

gross receipts. Now, Mr. Third is a[

very old man. To look at him you WOIild

not think that; he could take care of these

cows or milk them at all. It is remark-

able what a person can do in this world

if he only has a little bit of gumption.

It is still more remarkable to find such

an old man as Mr. Hurd still possessing;

this gumpiion.



Then again, it is remarkable that this,

man should have a milking record of 19;1

years, twice each day, without missing al

single milking. That is a record. ccr—(

tainly, to be proud of~not only because

he has had gumption and enterprise

enough to do this, but because he has,

had sufiicient health so that he could;



i





 





Very few men can say that in 10 years

they have not been sick, or at least suffi-

ciently indisposcd to prevent their going

out and caring for and milking three

cows night and morning. That is cer-,

tainly a remarkable record and I feel like‘

congratulating Mr. Hurd, not only upon

his enterprise and gumption, but upon

his good health. I also congratulate him

upon the record which he has made for

his three cows.





,





 





ANOTHER EXPERIENCE WITH BIT.

TER CREAM.





saw the question,

to taste bitter

prevent it?” in your dairy columns. I

can not tell what causes it but can tell

how to prevent it.

the past winter; also had great difficulty

in churning; Could hardly get butter.

Then I took to scalding the milk which

entirely removed the bitter taste from

the cream and I could churn in fiVc min-

utes’ time where it took hours beforel

scalding the milk.

Sanilac CO.





I recently

0311909: (‘l‘f'i'l Ill





Mns. H. H. FULLER,





 





“Good Roads” Steel Wheels.





“ ‘Good Roads’ steel wheels make all

roads good.” That’s the sltgan of the

Empire Manufacturing Co., of Quincy,

111., in presenting to farmers the claims

made for the Empire farmers’ handy

wagon. And it is handy, no mistake. On

account of the low down bed it is much

easier to load and unload than the ordi-

nary wagon. and the steel wheels, with

their wide tires. make it fully fifty per

cent lighter draft. Tests have shown

that on a clay road, in deep mud, a team

will draw a ton and a half on the Em-

pire Farmers’ Handy IVagon easier than

it can handle a ton on the ordinary

wagon. That means speedier work—not

so many loads and fewer trips.





 





I like my sewing machine; it is equal

to its recommend, and is doing good

work—J. H. Vielkind, Dorr, Mich.





all the butter-fat is expensive at any price.





(11) 423





Many





times, the purchaser is induced to buy one which

is guaranteed to get all the butter-fat but in reality

leaves enough in the skim milk to make a. large loss





within the course of a year, making the machine





very expensive.





The Now Iowa will get enough





more butter—fat to pay for itselfin a very short time,

We challenge all competitors to skim with it. We will

show you right on your own farm that the Iowa. is

the best skimming and cheapest cream separator in,

the world. We will also show you that the Now

Iowa is the easiest cleaned, easiest turning, strong-

est built, most durable and handiest machine on the





market.





We will let you be the judge.





The





Iowa was the only cream separator which received

gold medals at the three last National Fairs,





Write for our catalog and prices.





IOWA DAIIIY SEPARATOII 00., I08 Bridge Sh, WATEIILOO, IOWA.





 





 





 





 

 





we guarantee it.

skims closer and has a Simpler bowl with

Separator. Don’t. accept our word for it.

~, ,,,,...... enables you to do this at our expense.





Judge





Low Down AMERICAN.

TIME TRIAL proposition we can make you.

the quality and price we make.

aswnish you.





ing with us.

our customer.





AMERICAN





filled from Western points. Write us and

some free catalogue on our New Low Down A





Look at the Lower Bearing!





Have it taken apart when you examine any

separator you think of buying. ’l‘hcn compare

it with the single ball lower bearing of the

National. Impossible to get out of order—easy

to adjust. The bowl of the





National Cream Separator





makes from 8.000 to 10,000 revolutions a min-

uto. Think how perfect this hearing nnlst be to

stand such a whirl twice a. (lily for over 12 years.

as many Nationals have. Insist; on your dealer

demonstrating a National to 3qu before buying a.

separator at any price. Illustrated Catalogue of full

particulars free on request.





THE NATIONAL DAIRY MACHINE CO.

Goshen, Ind. Chicago. Ill.





2 9gifiiiiii‘ili _

DREAM SEPARATIIR





A SEPARATOII THAT EXCELS ANY SEPARATOB III THE WORLD





DON’T HESITATE BECAUSE OUR PR ICE IS LOW.

It is up to date. well built and well finished.

' fewer parts than an





and receive by mail, postpaid, our 1909 catalogue.

irated. showing the machine in detail, and fully explains all about the

It also describes the surprisingly liberal LONG

Competition is defied by

Our generous terms of purchase will

Remember. we are the oldest exclusive manufacturers of

hand separators in America. and the first to sell direct to the user. You

are not, dealing with any agent. middleman or catalogue house when deal-

Not one single profit is paid anyone between ourselves and

You save all agents'. dealers’. cven catalogue house profits



and get a. suierior machine by dealing with us. ow

aist High Separator is the finest and highest quality machine

on the market and our own (the manufacturer's) guarantee protects you

on every AMERICAN Separator. We can ship immediately. Western orders

‘i—Efi’i‘éA rcat. offer and hand-





ITOII 00., Box I06I, BAIIIBRIDGE, II. V.





The





for yourse f.





29..





uality is hi h:

t runs eas er.

other cream



Our offer

Write us a postal card or a. letter





In is handsomely illus-





Our New





Separator.





No

Hard





Liglitelt

Running





Easlest,





Closest

Skimmer





 





 





NICORN DAIRY RATION~..





a new food In





 

 





Down





Address





 





Ready

:11 that





every Farmer and Stock Raiser should know all about. Holstein cow Lu nda. Korndyke

J. J. Larrabee. Dempster, N. Y., made i02 lbs. milk in one day feeding Unicorn Ration.

Write, CHAPIN a. 00.. Inc.. Mllwaukoo. WIS.





Send for book





BETTER





 





THAN

T H E





This is the wonderful New Bub

tcrfly (lrcam Separator which

has been creating a. sensation at





. prices, etc.





 





BEST





 





Only





 





Dairy Shows an 1 Ex criment. .. .



Stations.f Closest: skinirxninggepf I" ' ' - F A c T o n Y T o

arator o to lay—only onc- a ‘



of 1-100 of 1 per cent of butter fat. you! FREIGHT PREP"





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





in the

What.

it





hand]





(.





 

 





‘ Ical





on the





 





 





WAIST HIGH





small





Vnu agent's profits, dealer's profits, jobber's profits.

,You are simply throwing mom-V away if you pay a

Ipenny more than our price.

‘ Don't, buy a separator from anyone, at any. price until





Ivon have first. written a postal card asking for our

Frco Cream Separator Booklet, containing our Fri-o

Trial Offer, our Send-No‘Moncy Offer, our Half





Price Savings, and the full





derful New Butterfly Cream Separator will go to you

VVrIto today.





Albaugh-Dover Co., 781 Marshall uni, CHICAGO





by return mail.





gives cream with a density of .67. 200

v ‘ _ separator can touch it? .0

lho $150.00 machines can't equal 950





' fold skimming device does Pound. .

it. Simplest bowl on the market; Capacity





self cleaning- bowl casing quick-

ly removed for cleaning. ,

running—tho chght of the,





III ()III‘





ship and material guaran- 8

lt'Cil forever. No exposed TAKE 90

go :1 rs , no . complicated



mechanism—just the best: 9



built. longest. lived, clos- ‘





est. skimming cream separator





solves we. are able to sell it. at.

manufacturing cost; With one





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





skimmed milk. and it.

' grade





'l‘ho wonderful eight-





En fly





0 starts the bowl. Built

own factory by mechan-

nginecrs, and workman-





 





 





market. Building it our-





profit added. “'o sayo





 





men, based on my

year.





Made. in three sizes.





     





)articulars of our won-





‘

car-load lots—spot cash

rode Separators.





DAYS’ FARM TEST OF A

H I a H





I’ll also send you my big BOOK

dI'BSS—Wm. Galloway. Pro... WM. CALLOWAV co.

G43 Gollow-y Stallon. Waterloo. Iow-





Never before in Cream Separa-





tor history could you get a. high





Separator — with ears





FR E





running inn. “hath of ()il"-—the

, superior of any 885 to 8110 Sepa-

ratornt such a low,direct-from-

factory price as I’ll make. you.

Save 825 to 850 this Wu . I

make and sell so many can

afford to make the price as

. low to you as dealers and

jobbers have to pay in

~for other high





GRADE





ALLQWAY



Bath Ill 0Il’ Separator

Closest skimmer — Easiest running —Easiest to

clean—No trouble oiling or danger of runnin dry

like others which alone is worth 850 extra. E‘

nothing exira on a. Galloway. blend me your name

today so 1 can write you my Special Proposition. at

the price I'm making direct to farmers and (int -

output of 14,600 Galloways th 5

E. Ad-





os ts





 

   

 





 





 





 





329mb“





Improved lIIInols Low

Down Cream Separato





direct. from the maker to you. W

the only western factory sellin d

00 the consumer. We ship on 8





days

free trial. Write for free catalogue.





 

 

 





I‘ Ill





0 are

irect





 





of these machines in use today.

BLUFFTON CREAM SEPARATOR 00. “X E BLUFFTON. 0.





water will





handle.





AM RAISER





will raise the cream

between milkings and

give you sweet. skim

milk for house and

’ stock. Ice not; necessa-

ry ,cold well or spring





do the





work. No skimming,

no crooks and pans to

TEN DAYS

in? FREE TRIAL. Price

$3.25 and up. 50.000

Send for Free Catalog.





 





 





Mention Mich. Farmer when writing to advertisers.
424‘ (1:)

The Michigan Farmerf





ESTABLISHED 1843.





THE LAWRENCE PUBLISHING C0.,

EDITORS assessment».

'89 to ascents:- Street West. Detroit. Iielissl.

TELEPHONE MAIN 4525.





NEW YORK OFFICE—725 Temple Court Building.

CHICAGO Osman—1736 l‘irst Net’l Bank Building.

CLEVELAND Osman—10114016 Oregon Ave.. N. E.





 





 

 





. . LAWRENCE .. .......... '. ........ President. ~

Jill. I . AWRENCE Vice-President.

M. L. LAWRENCE. . . . ..Beoretsry.

P. T. LAWRENCE ....Tressurer.





 





0.11:. YOUNG

Bun'r wnrmu'rn ..... W‘m-





I. E. EOUGHTON ........ . ........ ...Business Manager.





I. B. WATERBURY . . . .........u.. g Wilts





 





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COPYRIGHT I908.

by the Lawrence Pub. Co. All persons are warned

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The Lawrence Pub. 00.,

Detroit, Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





DETROIT. APRIL IO, I909.





 





CURRENT COMMENT.





If the reader should



A Timely take a forty mile drive

Highway Hint. across the country, as

tho ctlitor did curly this



'wcck, he could hardly do othcrwisc than

l‘eflcct upon the highway problc'm in a

practical way. \Vhilc the ordinary coun—

try roads are in much bcttcr condition

than is often the case at this season of

thc ycar, yct thcrc is still much to be

(losircd so far as comfort in travvliu:

ovcr thcm is conccrncd, to say nothing





iof drawing hmvy loads ovm' thcm t)





markct, and while the duty of caring for

and improving them lies primarily with

the highway oiliccl‘s clcctcd in tho var-

ious townships on Monday last, and the

mcinbcrs of the township boards who

have dircctoiy pmvors ovcr thr-m, yct in~

iclligcn't and chI-rminml cfi'oit on the

part of cvcn a tow citizcns in each town-

ship would go far toward a gcncral bct-

icrmcilt of country road conditions right





now. and in a manncr which vould

grcatly impruc tho t’lllCiCnf‘fC of those

roads during the cniirc summcr. Ono





g’cncr'al condition which aways, applies

to ncarly all kinds of roads in the spring

of the ycar is dctp i'uts, wors.~ on the

clay than on tho lighlcr soils. but. dis-

agrccably prwvalcnt ncarly cycrywherc,

Yet this is a condition which can l)t.- cas-

ilv rcmcdicd at this timc, and with a

vcry small outlay oi‘ labor. ()nc plcco

of clay road noticcd in the drive above

mcntioncd had just bccn gonc over with

a split log drag, or some other imple-

mcnt that lcvclcd off the surfacc, fillcd

the ruts and loft thc track in a condition

to soon dry out and to shod water during

future rains, so that whilc adjacent

roads are full of rats and mudholcs this

particular strctch will be smooth and

hard from this timc on. It took but a

vcry small outlay in timc to fix this piece

of road so that it will be a pleasure to

travcl over it from this time on, while

the balance of the road in that commu—

nity will be in poor condition for half

the summer for the lack of similar atten-

tion. The advantages to be derived from

the use of tho split log drag or some sim-

ilar leveling dcvice have been comment-

ed upon in these columns sufficiently of-

ten 50 that every rcadcr should appre-

ciate them, and yet one is fortunate if

in a day’s travel he finds a stretch of

road upon which they have been demon-





THE MICHIGAN ' FARMER.

the adjacent community has excited a.

very general Interest in the suppression





of this too common disease which an-

nually costs the farmers of the country





strated in a. practical way. But such a.

demonstration is most convincing, and

the residents of every township who are

interested in the betterment of the roads

should give the highway ofl‘iccrs of the

township no peace. of mind with they

have levclcd and ’smoothed the rutty

roads, and especially the clay stretches,

in chcra‘l sections of the township ‘so

that those who travel over them may

note the bcncfit. Falling in this it would

be a philanthropic undertaking to con-

struct a log drag and go ovcr a section

of the road themselves in order to de-

monstratc the benefit to be derived from

this kind of road work. A day‘s time

will suffice to make a practical demon-

stration of the rcsults which may be

sccurcd in this way with a small outlay

of work which will insure a more general

demand for such trcatmcnt of the high-

ways each spring.

It is interesting to

The ContagiOus note that at' many

Disease Problem. farm e r 5‘ meetings,

whcthcr gathcrcd in

the capacity of live stock men, or under

the auspices of the farmers‘ institute,

the grunge or the farmers club, the dis-

cussion often touches upon bovine tuber-





culosis and hog Cholera, and the means





which may be taken to prevent or eradi-

cate these diseases. This is particularly

intcrcsting and significant for the reason

that practical results are far morc likely

to come from the discussion of those

prnblcms in such gatherings than in mcd-

ical socictics, tuberculosis congresses,

ctc. This is true for the reason that it

is quite difficult, if not impossiblc, to

either enact or enforce .laws looking to-

ward the suppression of these evils, un-

lcsg the movcmcnt is backed up by a

Comparatively strong and united public

scntimcnt. But the very gcncrai discus-

sion of those topics among thc progres-

sive farmcrs who attend the meetings

of the various kinds uotcd above showa

that, public scntimcnt. among producers

of live stock at least, is experiencing

an awakening in this particular direction.

This fact makcs a rcvicw of the propo-

sition and its possibilities particularly

pcrtincnt at this time, since public senti-

ment, to be effective, must be bascd upon

the common possession of accurate

knowledge of the problcms lll\’()lVi‘(ll-.-——~

Unfortunatcly, a well defined knowledge

and understanding of these problems is

not a common possession at this timc.

Even our foremost scicntists are not

agreed as to the identity of bovine and

human tuberculosis or of the communi—

cability of the former to the human

family. And again, the practicability of

stamping out this discuss at a cost which

our people could or would afford is a

mattcr of dispute and somewhat general

doubt among the practical cxpcrts and

St‘lt‘lltiRtS who have bccn the closest stu-

dcnts of the problem. But in the mean-

time the disease is admittedly bccoming

more common, especially in dairy sec-

tions and tho problem is annually bccom-

ing a more imincnt and prcssing one.

The cxpr-rimcuts which havo bccn made

in othcr statcs sccm to indicatc that the

inspcction and listing of

cattlc, Would lw very cxpcnsivc and must

be foliowcd up for a numbcr of yours

in orrlcr to b“, cffcctivc. But thcre is a.

crowing fooling that our present; Michigan





t-ompulw’u'y





law is not sliiiirticnt to hold thc disr-asc

in chcr-k, to say nothing of (eradicating

it. 'l‘hcre is a vcry gcncra! scntimcnt





that thcrc 31‘ oulrl lw a provision made

for the compcncation of thc owners for

animals coralcmncd aftcr rcaction to tho

tubcrculin tcst, and some such provision

will doubtless lu- mndc in an amcndmcnt

to our prcsvnt live stock law, without

making the testing of cattle compulsory

or gcncral. This would be a fair rev

sponsc to thc growing public scntimcnt

on the (mt-stion, without bcing offensive

to any, as would a compulsory law. lint

in the meantime the owncrs oi~ livc stock

can do much toward lcss<tning thc sprcad

of this disease by exercising a judicious

care as to the health of the animals brot

into their hcrds and by kccping them

uudcr proper sanitary conditions. Science

has demonstrated that tho disease can

be cured by proper living if taken in

limo and the application of the same

principles in the care of tho live stock,

with judicious isolation of suspcctcd Cases

will do much to check the ravagcs of the

discasc until such time as public senti-

mcnt becomes cducatcd to its eradication

at any cost, provided that most desir—

able result can be attained.



The general prevalence of hog cholera.

in the state during the past year, to-

gether with the development of the idea

of inoculation to secure immunity where

the disease is present in the herd or in





millions/of dollars. The success of the

serum treatment which has been carried

on in an experimental way by the U. S.

Department of Agriculture and several

experiment stations, including the Mich-

igan station, during the past year, has

led to an effort among the organized hog

men of the country to secure appropria-

tions in the several states for the manu-

facture and distribution of the serum at

public expense for the extermination of

this disease. In Illinois this idea has

already taken definite form and a strong

effort is on foot to provide for a state

laboratory- at which the serum and virus

used in inoculations for immunity will

be made and distributed where needed

frce of charge. The action of the Amer—

ican Berkshire Congress at its recent

session at Lansing, which was noted in

the rcport of that mecting, will doubtless

rcslllt in similar efforts in other states,

while a recent advice from Washington

is to tho cfi‘t-ct that Congressman LOW-

dcn, from Illinois, will undertake to se-

cure a liberal appropriation from congress

to enable the department of agriculture

to carry on the work of extcrminating

this troublesome disease in a comprehen-

sive manner.



“'hile much of the work which has

bccn done to demonstrate, the feasibility

of eradicating these two contagious dis-

cascs which are now so common among

the.livc stock of the country and which

cause such large losses annually has been

of an experimcntal nature, yet it has been

progressive work, and it would seem that

with the co—opcration of the producers

and packers, the state and national gov-

ernments, with the loyal backing and

support of the consumers of the country,

may be able to evolve a plan by which

the source of infected stock may be traced

in an incxpcnsive way, and the control

if not the eradication, of these diseases

bc accomplishcd at a cost within the

abiltiy and willingness of people to meet.

Until such time, the problem will continue

to become a more important onc, as wcll

as one more difficult of solution.



The dry farming



The Dry Farming principlc, so~callcd,

Principle for which is causing no

Michigan. little bomn in the

agricultural lands of



the scmi-arid rcgions of the west, may

bc too highly 'culogizcd in many of the

rcports which reach the eye of the reader

in more favorcd scctions of the country,

yct thcrc is no qucstion that its illtl‘OdllC<

tion has made agriculture a more profit-

ablo busincss in a large, tcrritory with a

sparse rainfall. The principle is the same

as that which is cmploycd by our farm-

crs in consort-lug thc moisture for the

use of cultivatcd crops by maintaining

a dust mulch which will prcvcnt its rapid

evaporation from tho soil, except that

this proccss is kcpt up almost the ycar

around instead of a fcw wccks during

tho growing $111801]. By this moans thc

soil is kcpt in a. condition to abs-orb and

rctain what watcr falls, dolivt-ring it up

as nccdcd to the growing crops. ’l‘hc

intcrcst in this mcthod for thc semi—arid

country is attcstt‘d by tho attl-ndanco at

tho rcccnt dry farming congross at Chey-

cnnc, which was much largcr than at

pillar of the similar animal cvcnts which

])l'I~('I'(lC‘d it. That the principle may

hold a profitable intcrcst for the farmcrs

of tho. morc favored humid rcgions sccms

cntircly possiblc. Our dry scason of last

yc'ir should touch our farmcrs that it

will pay to conscrvc all thc moisture pos—

sible for the use of tho growing crops,

and cxpcricncc should tcach them that

it will pay to bcgin this process as early

in tho spring as possiblo. During recent

ycars our rainfall has boon ample, but

within the momory of cvcn the younger

gout-ration of farmcrs thcrc has been

scasons wlun tho rainfall was both scant

and poorly distributcd. In such seasons

tho i‘arincr who conscrvcs the soil mois-

turc from tho start will sui‘fcr the least.

That the dry farming principle may hclp

thcm to this end seems entirely probable,

indccd it is in line with the experience of

cvory farmcr. All know that the land

that is plowed early and worked {rc-

qucnily is much higher in its content

of moisture at planting timc, if the soa-

son be dry, than the land which is not

plowed until just before the planting time

arrives. But it is, of course, impossible

to plow all the land early. However, the

plan of disking the stubble ground which

is not to be plowed until later in the sea-

son will be an application of the dry

farming principle, as would also the disk-

ing of the stubble land to be plowed for





APRIL 10, 1909.





fall grain immediately after harvest. In

like manner the prompt packing and

harrowing of the freshly plowed ground

and a. harrowing after each heavy rain

will be following out the principle in a

manner profitable to the Michigan far~

mer. The principle is not a. new one, but

the discovery of its successful application

to a country with a very small rainfall

should teach the farmers in the more

favored sections of the country a. profit-

able lesson in the husbanding of needed

moisture for the growing of profitable

crops, even in the driest kind of a sea—

son. If the principle is applied to our

conditions intelligently, there will be few

cases in which spring planted seeds will

fail to germinate for lack of sufficient

moisture, as they did in many cases last.

year, thus spoiling the chances for a.

profitable crop at the outset.





If we producers



Market Demands. were but gifted with

a degree of foresight



which would enable us to see in advance

the future demands of the market, so

that we would be prepared to supply

them to the extent of our ability in sea-

sons of scarcity and highprices, our road

to wealth, or at least a competence would

be much easier. That we could approach

this happy condition in some lines much

more closely can hardly be doubted by

one who gives the subject a little thot,

and yet it is manifestly imp0ssib1e for

us to foresee the conditions which will

prevail in future years, with a degree of

accuracy which will make it: at all ccr—

tain that we can bctter our financial

condition by abandoning one line of pro—

duction and taking up with another in

order to supply some demand which our

fancy or our judgment tells us will ex—

ist by the time we have our product ready

for the market. Then, too, the market

is always looking for a product with

quality, and generally speaking, the

choice product will command a premium

which will make its production reason-

ably profitably under average conditions.



This is an argument for stability in

our production, or at least for a. gradual

rather than a radical change in our lincs

of production. Experience is a good

teacher and we can produce a. better

article after years of experience in its

1u'oduction, and at tho same time we can

produce it more economically, since cx-

pcricncc will enable us to produce it with

a minimum of outlay. It is a matter of

history that cvcry conceivable priduct

has its seasons of good and poor demand,

dcpcnding upon the available supply, a.

shortage in which naturally stimulatcs

production in that line until the supply

equals the demand and prices fall in a.

corrcsponding dcgrcc. "l‘hcse periods

come more frequently in the products

which are quickly raiscd and may be

placcd on the market in a 'minimum of.

timc, but thcy come none the less surcly

in the products which require more time

to produce and markct. An illustration

of this fact is to be found in the short

supply and kccn ,dcmand for horses which

cxists at the present time. But a few

ycars ago horscs wcrc chcap, and illosc,

of a common sort wcrc a drug on tho

markct. It was frccly prcdictcd that the

advcnt of the automobile and the powcr

truck had ruinod tho busincss, anti the

production of horscs was neglcctcd, not-

withstanding that thcrc was a, fairly good

dcmand for good individuals, of which

thcrc is ncvcr a surplus. But with the

gradually incrcascd valucs which followcd

thcrc was little incrcase in production,

at lcast not cnough 'to kccp pace. with tho

incrcascd dcmand, and with the prescnt

scarcity and high range of valncs camo

a suddcn awakcning to thc fact that

horse brooding might be a profitable busi-

nwss, and straiglmyay owners of common

marcs arc brccding thcm, thinking to

roap a profit thcrcby, and othcrs arc pur—

chasing costly brccding stock with the

same object in vicw.



In ordcr to engage in this lino of pro-

duction many will doubtless sacrificc the

work of ycars in hcrds or flocks which

thcy think. are not paying them suffi—

cicntly wcll, probably to find whcn they

have thcir common horses rcady to mar»

kct that there will be a. surplus of this

kind and a shortage in the line which

thcy dropped to produce them. In this

rcspcct thc. American farmer follows,

rather than anticipates market demand.

It would have been much more sensible

to have secured a few good marcs when

horses were cheap in anticipation of the

rise which Was sure to come. Not but

that the production of good horses is

likely to yield a. good profit in the future,

for it is entirely likely that such will be

the case, but in following the market

demand in this line of production we
a





I

APRIL 10, 1909.





should have a care that we are not over-

looking a demand which we could profit

by in the lines which we sacrifice in order

to take it up.



What is true in live stock production

is true in other'lines of production in

which reactions are quicker for the rea-

sons given above. High markets always

stimulate production in any line, and in

quite a proportion of cases the men who

are constantly changing their lines of

staple production in their efforts to fol-

low a changing market demand find that

the strongest demand is generally for

'something which they haven’t got. It is

entirely unsafe to base predictions of

market demands upon a single year, par-

ticularly in the lines in which the avail-

ably supply can be quickly augmented.

The wise farmer will study statistics of

production and market values for a ser—

ies of years and stick to the lines which

he finds to pay the best average profit

for several years.





HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.





 





Foreign. ‘ ‘



The French tariff commission has elect-

ed to make several concessions in the

tariff schedule that will give increased

advantages to the United States. The

metal and textile schedules are the ones

chiefly concerned. Agricultural machin-

ery duties are to be reduced from what

they were under the old regulations.



Owing to th failure of the President of

Nicaragua to adjust certain claims the

diplomatic relations with this country

have reached a climax, and it is antici-

pated that the minister repreScnting that

nation at Washington will receive his

passports soon.



Ex—President Roosevelt arrived at

Naples, Italy, Sunday and will be received

by officials and members of the royal

family on Monday.



A French scientist has announced that

in his opinion the liertzian wave will,

rwhen it becomes developed into an us-

able form, make war impossible. The.

waves will penetrate walls of masonry

three feet thick and destroy everything

in their passage. As yet the waves are

difficult of control and the apparatus ncc~

essary for directing them is unwieldy.



The Greek cabinet recently sent in its

resignation, but the king has persuaded

the members to withdraw the request.



“The government of Chili has commis-

sioned a representative to visit the United

States upon an important mission the

nature of which has not been disclosed.



Dr. Penna, minister from Argentine

Republic to Italy has accepted the re-

quest from Venezuela to act as arbitrator

of the differences betWeen Venezuela and

United States.



"The Servian government has notified

Austria that she stands ready to make

a commercial treaty.



The labor situation in France. is ap-

proaching a revolutionary state. Now

that the unions are aware of the power

they have in their hands by being able

to control public corporation cu'Ipioyoos,

they have become more bold, and the ad-

ministration is viewing the mailer with

rmuch apprehension. Sunday there was

held a large mass meeting in Paris where

it: is said that 10.000 persons were in

attendance. Speeches against the repub-

lic and parliament were cheered by the

listeners.



Plans have been completed for the

sending of two Japanese battleships to

San Francisco where their officers and

men will be given a royal reception in ~ex~

change for the couricsics extended the

American battleship fleet while on its

'way around the. world.



The American soldiers left in Cuba.

after the evacuation of the American

governor. left the island on the iirst of

April. The impression among many is

that the. Cuban government will not be

able to carry on its political organization

and that it will become necessary for

the l'nitcd States to eventually annex the

island.



During the month of March there were

61 new cases of bubonic plague in Ecu-

ador of which 28 rcsullcd fatally. There

Were, also, 1M yellow fever cases and 50

deaths reported therefrom.



National.





A new naturalization law has been

adopted by the (‘hinesc government

which provides that no Chinaman can

become the subject of a foreign country

and further that all Chinamen who have

declared themselves citizens of other

lands are still Pliincsc.



It is estimated that $3,000,000 worth of

property was destroyed in Fort \Voi‘lh,

’l‘cxas, by a. fire, which started Saturday.

By Sunday afternoon 281 of the finest

residences of the cily were destroyed.

State troops were sent to the scene to

protect property and to aid the sufferers.



The big coal companies of the counlrv

are about to establish four stations for

the training of miners in rescue work.

This move is based upon the finding of

the national geological department.



The. officers and men of the Japanese

training squadron are now being enter-

tained at Honolulu where the house of

reprosentatiwes moved to extend the

courtesies of the government to the Mi-

kado’s naval men.



The early returns from last Monday's

election show that twenty of the twen-

ty-seven counties that voted on the local

option question declared against the li—

(tensed-saloon and 568 saloons will have to

go out of business May lst as the result.



'The coal strike in “’estern Canada

became general last Friday.



'The Salvation Army is to undertake

a new venture in providing for an uni-

versity to train workers for the work or

the organization.



As a result of the limitation placed

upon the amount of new insurance busi-

ness that can be done in one year in





delivery charges.





THE MICHIGAN FARMER. as) 425





New York state 1,000 insurance agents

have been notified by one New York

company that their services will not be

re uired after May 31.



n epidemic of scarlet fever has broken

out among the crew of the battleship

Missouri now at the Charleston navy

yard.



A program for systematizing the de-

signs of the United States notes and com

certificates has been accepted byithe

authorities. The purpose of the change

is to discourage counterfeiting.





 





CROP AND MARKET NOTES.





 





Livingston C0,, March 31.—The weather

for March was very mild and the whole

winter has been one of very mild weather.





Stock of all kinds has Wintered well:





Horses are scarce and very high in price,

selling from $150@350 a head. Farmers

are busy getting ready for the spring

work. ““heat and clover have not Win-

tered very well owing to a lack of snow.

Rye looks good. There will be a large

acreage of beans grown this year on ac-

count of the high prices that have pre-

vailed during recent months. Market

quotations are as follows: Vi'heat, $1.15;

beans, $2.20; rye, 78c; corn, 80c; oats,

54c; hogs, $6.25: butter, 18c; eggs, 17c.



Emmet County.——l)uring the first

three weeks of the month sleighing gen-

erally prevailed; There has been more

snow lying on the fields during this time

than at any other period during the win-

tcr. No spring birds have yet arrived,

tho the indications are that the spring

season is hear at hand. Eggs are worth

200 at store and dressed poultry 16c at

the markets. On the whole it has been

a favorable winter for the farmer; no

severe cold and not enough snow to

make it disagreeable getting around.



Kent Co.——Prices in the local market

places are unchanged execpt eggs. Eggs

are off 50. Auction sales are not quite

so numerous as they were. The average

farmer has become weary of spending a.

day or two each week to visit his neigh-

bor and swap old wornout drags, culti—

vators, plows, wagons, etc. However,

there is still one farm implement which

sells readily, the new milch cow. The

cream separator has wrot a change on

all Michigan farms and 100 farm—made

butter is a thing of the past. Herein,

also, lies the secret of high priced cow»:

By the use of the cream Separator 50

per cent has been added to the price. of

the Cow and to her product also. Shall

we wonder, then, wherein lies the load—

stone which attracted the crowds at the

annual farm sale? Fall grain looks

brown. llealth of the plants cannot be

foretold.



Ottawa Co.—F:Irmcrs who have anv

maples left are making syrup, which is

being SOId for $1.25 to $1.50 per gallon.

As it thaws more or less nearly evm‘y

day, and freezes hard at night, it is

having a bad effect on wheat, because

there has been no snow to protect it for

some. time. A number of farms have

changed hands lately. at prices ranging

from $65 to $75 pcr ncl‘c. COWS and

horses have brot good prices at the num:

erous auctions. (‘ows are selling at from

$35 to $50, and horses from $150 to $200.

A carload of hogs and calves will be

shipped from this section. The price

paid for hogs. is do live weight. Meals of

all kinds are high but eggs are getting

cheaper. The roads are in fair condition,

but farmers in this section have but little

teaming to do. Some are well satisfied

with the new road law, while others are

1101.



Saginaw 00., April 1. The first of April

finds first-class weather and geod (-rcp

conditions. Much necessary moisture

came in March snows, and now spring

seems to have opened. Gardens are be-

ing plowed. \Vaicr is running off well,

and fields and roads rapidly drying up

The open winter has bccn hard on wheat

and clover. New seedings look very poor.

But all stock has wlnlcrcd Well and is

coming out in line condition. Prices are

high. Milk cow's are in good demand.

fair ones bringing. at auctions, around

$30. A large acreage of sugar beets has

been contracted during the winter.





 





 





SAVE YOUR FRUIT.





l'se Disparene, a pure arsenate of lead

in piste form, the best. preventive against

all leaf and fruit eating insects, codling

moth (both broods), canker worm, tent

caterpillar, grape insi-cts, potmto bugs,

cucumber bcctles, etc. It mixes easily

with water, does not harm the foliage and

rain will not wash it off. l'se 2 to 1! lb.

of llisparcne‘ to 50 gallons of water.

Prices: 2 lb., 40c; 5 1b.. .000; 10 lb., $1.70;

27: lb., $1.25: 100 lb., $15. Disparcnc is

not a fungicide.



Pyrox is a combined insecticide and

fungicide, kills codling moth, cankcrworm

and all leaf-cullng insects, and prchnIS

:Ipplc scab. pear blight, rusts, clc., on

fruits or Ilowors. It is a combination of

arsenaie of lead (Disparcncl and Bor—

deaux mixture. Ten lb. of Pyrox makes

60 to 100 gallons of spray. Prices: 5 lb.,

$1: 10 lb., $1.75; 25 lb., $4; 100 lb., $15.



Boxal is a combined fungicide and in—

secticide prepared specially for potatoes,

kills the bugs, prevents blight and pro-

longs tho life of the plant. increasing the

yield. Use 10 lb. to 50 gallons of water,

which will spray one acre of potatoes

when vines are 6 inches high. Spray

again in two weeks and afterwards as

may seem necessary. Prices: 5 lb., $1;

10 lb. $1.75; 25 lb., $4: 100 lb., $15.



Disparene, Pyrox and Boxal slick to,

but will not burn, the foliage. are not

washed off by rain and upon this account

are cheaper to use than other prepara-

tions. They are prepared ready for use,

by the additions of water. All prices are

F. O. B. Cincinnati, 0.. and goods can

be furnished only in packages of the sizes

mentioned. Shipped by freight or ex—

press. Get your neighbors to order with

you, take advantage of the lower prices

upon the larger packages. and save in

Descriptive circulars

free. Send all orders to



THE MICHIGAN FARMER,

Detroit, Mich.





Yakima Valley

Washington





From the snow-capped summits of the

Cascade Mountains to the Columbia

River. on the line of the





Northern Pacific Railway

in Eastern Washington are some of the

best irrigated lands in the west.





(1 Unequalled opportunities are offered to

the young man. or any man, to acquire and

deV610p a home. Fruit of all kinds, Prize





Apples, Vegetables, Grains, AlfalfaI Hay, Sheep, Cattle:

all mean sure and abundant returns.



(L Other desirable localities in Montana, Idaho, Oregon and in

Eastern, Central and Western Washington present very attrac-

tive oonditions for both irrigated and dry farming.





One-way Colonist Fares :'

Effective dail%until April 80. Only $33 from Chicago; $251rom St. Paul.

Minneapolis. ansas City. Omaha; $30.50 from St. Louis to Western Mon-

tana. Idaho. Washington. Oregon. and British Columbia. Stop-overs.





Round-trip Homeseeker's Fares :

Effective lat and 8d Tuesdays in each month to points as far west as Ellens-

burg, Washington. Long limit. Stop—overs.





0

Summer Tourist Fares:

Efteotive daily May 20 to September 80. $82 from Chicago: $50 from St.

Paul. Minneapolis. Omaha. Kansas City: $57.50 from St. Louis to North

Pacific Coast points. Limit October 31. Stop—overs.





Why not improve YOUR condition by locating along "The Scenic Highway

through the Land of Fortune?" Write TODAY for illustrated descriptive

literature to C. W. MOTT, Gen. Emigration Agent. Northern Pacific Railway.

Dept. 59 St. Paul. Minn.



For rates of fare. time of trains. reservation of space. eta. address





A. M. CLELAND. General Passenger Agent. Northern Pacific Railway.

Dept. 59 St. Paul. Minn.





 





 





 

 

 

 

 





IA Creditable Line for Honest Men--

;A Proven Necessity for Every Property Owner





Brother Farmer—Make safe your life and property before





lightning gets busy. The

PURE COPPER CABLES,





 

 

 

 

 





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Agents wanted in localitIea not already occupied. It is to your interest to know what you can

do with ourline. Investigate our agencg proposition for this season. Do it now! Write at once

for Catalog and Booklet explaining the ARNETT SYSTEM and prices.





JOS. BARNETT & COMPANY, Dept. 40, Riverside, Iowa.





On 30 Days

. . R - Trial This





-_ ,_ -. Fine Razor





Money l _ ¢





‘ I





.I. JUST SEND US YOUR NAME AND A DR S

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sued thererwilrl b nys. If at the end of thut‘tIme' you Can't say it’s the finest razor you ever used, send it back

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ah f L . 0 mattenhow good your present razors are you’ll find the Vulcan gives the smoothest easiest:



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Wm- ....... . U. s. CUTLERY COMPANY Depar‘tm—enL 41C“ .3. Dorris, M9:



Hemationaryizgse '

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an: 8 II. P. Proportionale Prices. '





For use on the lam and in me shop.

Runs cream lop-rotors, churns. pumps, uoru shela

len, wishing machines, printing pron", eta»





 





   

 

 





 

     





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There‘s just; one way to

be sure of getting good

value in tinware—buy by

the name





Armgr Brand

I'mware





—tho only tiuwurc made that

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label. Armor Brand rinware is





of hired help. Testimonial; 10.00011: use.

All eilu rend] to lblp. .m

DETROIT ENGINE WORKS

149 Bellevue Avenue. Detroit, Michigan





 





 





 





 





coated With an rxtra hem-y coat .

of pure tl‘IL. That's why it wears and wears. Be

sure the label is on every piece you buy and you’ll

_be certain of longest. service. If your dealer hasn’t

It. send us his name and we’ll see that. you get it.

THE REPUBLIC METALWARE CO.



2 Republic 8%., Bull-.10, NJ. New York





 





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Poutlvoly but our mull by any ham.

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m.::. a

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lovut prices, has; proposition ever , ' .

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mode In buggy history. Get it be.





   

 

 





 

   





“HOW AND WHY





 

 

 





 





an: buying a hugfzy fit my kAhlid. I, l:

a pa you pay or uggy. so . 371$; .

> Mme“. wwm. Implomeuumto. "$9": ’ I”, ‘. ‘

H) F ILL A SILO" "W "”3“





 





SEND FOR FREE COPY





WILDEil-STHONG lMPLEMEilT co. I ROOHNG "333 $3331.33.”





Box [E] momma IIIIcII. Sykes Iron a. Steel Roofing (:0. “5:22; a}:
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tHORTICULTURIii





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THE RIGHT AND WRONG WAY TO

PRUNE APPLE TREES.





 





 





 





 





 





 





Views from the car window while rid-

ing thru the state leads to the conclusion

that a few suggestions regarding the

pruning of apple trees may be in order.

Quite probably considerable pruning has

been done, but there is much that has not

been done—and some already completed

might much better have been left un—

done. It would appear that some of the

simple rules for doing this work have

been misunderstood, so that some direc-

tions along the line of how not to prune

may be as necessary as those telling how

to do it.



A very common error, and one which

nearly all who are not professional or-

chardists make, is in cutting away the

lower branches and running the tops of

the trees away up into the heavens.

Such a manner of pruning is most ob-

jectionable from every point of view.

It is now admitted that good fruit can-

not be grown without spraying. and in

order to do this work it is absolutely

necessary that the tops of the trees be

kept low enough so that all parts of the

trees may be reached with the spray

liquids. Some trees that I have seen

lately are trained so high that the lowest

bearing branches are fully 20 feet from

the ground. Ill such trees it is only pos-

sible with the ordinary spraying outlits

to reach the very lowest limbs with the

spray. Such high trees are more ex-

posed to the force of the 'winds and are

more likely to be blown over or to lose

their fruit than those which are kept

closer to the ground. The long bare

trunks and limbs are open to the direct

rays of the sun and are liable to injury

from this cause, and the sap has an un-

necessarily long distance to traverse be-

fore reaching the foliage and bearing

branches.



Had the process of pruning been re-

ver-scd and the upper limbs cut away

instead of the lower ones, the plan

would have been more rational. It is

quite probable that in some instances

the earlier pruning had been neglected

and the tops allowed to grow so thick

that the under limbs were shaded so that

' they died, and in such a case of course

I the only alternative is to cut out the dead

limbs; but if those who now have or-

chards growing will anticipate this re-

sult and will keep their trees suillciently

open so that the lower limbs may have a

chance for their lives they will add

much to the life as well as to the pro-

ductiveness of the trees. .-\t the Very

most those long bare trunks with great

holes rotted in them where large limbs

have been cut away can never be made

very thrifty or profitable.



Another mistake made by many is in

cutting away too large branches thru

the tops, thus leaving large openings of

a size large enough to drive a herd of

mum; thru. \Vhile it is important that

the tops be sufficientlj.’ open so that the

sun 'may rear-h all )WllS of the true at

501116 time during the day, yet such large

optningss are not callvd for and they re-

duce the healing capacitjx of the 1m: c



Yet another tll'UI‘ is found in too sc-

\‘t-l't: pruning at oio: time. It is not un-





ttlllllllilll for a lllltil Wino in. : .'.-« gt: ('1‘ d

id: oicilai'd to be 5‘ Eat ti ‘wnh a spasm

for pruning and go in and reduce the

Ire-cs to what ht- consider~ tilt: proper





condition at one fell swoop. I knew a

man to so attack his orchard not long

. ago, and an old fruit grower remarked

-§ that it would be three or four years he.-

" fore he would secure a profitable crop,

and such proved to be the case. At one

time the writer rented an apple orchard

and gave it a severe pruning, followed

by cultivation, and the trees cast their

fruit, the blossoming full. Other or-

chards which were handled more moder-

ately bore good crops. Such results may

not always follow but such severe prun-

ing is hazardous.

The following directions for pruning

apple trees may be quite safely followed





as well:





 





reached a size as large as can be cov—





 

 





many others. This matter of blight

should l't-t‘t’in- particular attention and

after a llt‘ld or plot has become badly

affected, it is wise to plant it to smile





is apt to dry out will seriously l't-lal'rl the

growth or ruin the plants altogether.

(guilt: too often it is the condition in

which the plants are affected by blight.,





worked easily prepare the plot where tho‘

celery seed is to be sown, making it very“

rich with well rotted manure. That from

the horse and cow stables mixed is the

best, and it is imperative .that it is in

good condition so that weed seeds will

not be numerous; otherwise they might

Choke out the tiny celery plants. The

soil for this bed can hardly be made too





in the case of trees that are reaching rich, but as stable, manure contains nit-

maturity and largely with all fruit trees rogen greatly in (“X0095 of the minerals,

Keep the tops as near the potash and phosphorus, we apply along

ground as is consistent with proper cul- the rows, when the plants are three or

tivation of the soil; cut away as few four inches high, a dressing of commer-

large limbs as possible; prune moder- cial fertilizer containii'ig fully 10 per cent

ately and annually; keep the tops suffi- actual potash and 7 per cent or 8 per cent

ciently open so that the sun can shine availalble phosphoric acid. dThis enables



. < he s ra 1i uids (ma be 16 pants to ma (0 a s lir y and rapid .

12.2§§.:°.§§‘a;.§.. ofpth: trig}, but airoid growth, which makes them practically . agent only pays for what he sells, We Will take farmers’ notes for pay.

very large openings; when the trees have proof against blight.





ered with the spray liquids then practice prepare, SO far as fertilization goes, the





THE MICHIGAN FARMER. '





cutting back rather than to encourage a

larger outward or upward growth.



. It would seem that the present is a good

time for those who have apple orchards

in Michigan to begin to consider some—

thing of the possibilities in those trees.

With thousands of acres of the very

best land in the state occupied with these

orchards, capable of growing as fine

fruit as can be grown anywhere in the

country if not in the world, with apples

selling higher than oranges and with

Michigan importing apples, surely such

a conditions is anomalous to say the

least. An apple orchard set two rods

apart contains 40 trees to the acre. For

mature trees of good bearing varieties

two and one—half barrels per tree, or 100

barrels per acre, is not an unusual an-

nual average for trees that are properly

cared for. Such a yield is no more un-

usual than 60 bushels of corn per acre.

One dollar per barrel for the apples on

the trees is a very ordinary price for

good apples. The apples. then, would be

worth $1th per acre, while 60 bushels or

corn at the present high price is worth

$45. And the expense of caring for the

corn is greater than that of growing the

apples.





Ailegan Co. EDWARD HUTCHINS.





 





 





GETTING READY FOR THE CELERY

CROP.





 





It is none too early to begin prepara-

tions for the celery crop. As we have

not always been successful with plants

'obtained from others, we prefer to grow

ourown from carefully selected seed. There

are so many varieties of celery, each

possessing merit, that one who has had

but little experience in growing this

crop, is rather at a. loss to determine the

best. This, however, depends on what

your market demands, as not all markets

are fond of the same sort. \\'liile one

market prefers the pure white stalk,

another calls for a cream or golden tint.



Among the earliest celery, the var—

iety which has been our heaviest seller

and commanded a higher price than any

other is the “Myers Qlllt'k ~irowing."

This is a iitw strain of “\Vhite Plume"

celery, which has been improved for':

several years until we now have in this

variety the earliest celery known, being

ready for market fully two weeks earlier

than any other kind.



In size and habit it is also different

from the old “\Vhitc Plulmc” resembling

somewhat the “lolden Self-Blancfhing,”

but is more stocky and throws out from

eight to twelve hearts.



“Golden Self—Illanching” and “\Vinter

Queen” we consider very fine varieties,

but the former is with us as well as

many others, a slow grower, or an un—

even one and more subject to blight than





other crop for one or two seasons. ()ur





own and our neighbors’ experience hasi

shown that even if the plants are i-o_j

moved from the field, particles of the

dried or blighted leaves have fallen to

the r-ai'th and eventually became a part

of it, and thus the blight bacteria are

propagated. It is not a particularly new

theoiy, but it .s a true one, that very

frequently blight starts in the seed bod

.‘w’llhng the young piants before rcn‘lovol

to the main field; thorofolc, special cal»:





inlet bl its-"vi to glow strong, robust

plant; and as iapidly as possible. In

whaling a, lot-:l'ion for this young plant

bed, it is ll‘-'~".‘»i~':’ll'§' to I‘Zil‘p tho rjiits'tion,

of moistuio in mind, for a location which





Just as early as the ground can be





 





 





AIJRIL 10, 1909.





'our Dealer’s

Endorsement





Is as good on roofing as on a check.





Why is your dealer doing a prosperous business?

Because he has convinced several hundred neigh-

bors that they may safely rely on his honesty and

experience in matters of merchandise. His repu-



tation has grown slowly like a lawyer’s—and for



the same reason—he has always made good.

That is why we value the hearty endorsement



of thousands of dealers in all parts of the world—



in your town. These dealers know that Rex



Flintkote Roofing is the best and safest protec-

tion you can lay on your buildings—from rain, wind, snow or

fire. They will tell you so—ask your dealer.





 





 





Here Is what some of the prominent dealers testify about





R E x FLINTKOTE





D. F. O’BRIEN LUMBER CO.





GefiYlleliiigfiy- “ain'tbfifibghi' Roe: Mt. Clemens, Mich., Feb.6, ’oo

Flintkote agency here because Gentlemen: We have handled

your roofing had been so highly Rex Plintkote Roofing for seven

recommended to us. We believe years and have yet to find an un-

it is the best on the market. We “‘5‘“er “711‘ “73 have had

used to handle other brands but experience 0f both R.“ and other

none ever gave the satisfaction footings .on our buildings, and

that Rex Flinlkote gives. find nothing as good as Rex.



D. F. O'BRIEN & Co. Very truly yours,





-_ J. S. PAGANETTI Co.





REMER BROS.

Saginaw. Mich., Jam‘stoS

Gentlemen: We believe Rex

Flintkote is the best roofing Oil the

market. \Ve hear nothing but

praise of it from our customers

who are using it. Our sales are

increasing all the time. \Ve have

all faith in it and recommend it to

every one.

Yours very truly,

EMER Duos.





J. S. PAGANETTI CO.





 





 





D. FRAME & CO.



N. Manchester, Ind., Jan.4, ’09



Sirs: Since our first sales of Rex

Flintkote, ten years ago, we have

investigated nearly every other

brand, and now sell Rex letkole

only, as it gives satisfaction and

our .customers always [my 1!

again. Very truly,





D. FRAME & Co. C. B. Frame





   





 





Mr. Remer





 





THE LOWE BROTHERS PAINT STORE.

Dayton. Ohio, February 15, 1909.



Gentlemen: When we decided to add prepared roofing to our line, the opportunity pre-

sented itself to acquire the agency ofJ. A. & W. Bird & Company's Rex Flintkote Roofing.

e clinched the proposition as soon as presented, knowing this line, through our pre-



vious experience in the sale of prepared roofing, to be the best on the market.



Yours respectfully,

THE LOWE BROTHERS PAINT STORE COMPANY

Rudolph Roemhildt, Treasurer.





WRITE FOR FREE BOOK AND SAMPLES





and the name of our nearest dealer. The book gives interesting and valuableinfor-

nialion about roots and roofing that every house owner should know. The sam-

ples are tor you to test. They will speak ior themselves. IVrz'te to-a’ay.





J. A. & W. BIIIII 8i 00., 60 India SI” Boston, Mass., II. 3. II.





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 





 





POTATO





 

 

 





 





Kills Potato Bugs





Complete protection against the

insect pests that eat up the profits

of your gotato field can only be

secured y the use of PURE

Paris Green. Common bulk paris

green often contains too much arsen-

ious acid, and instead of killing the

bugs it burns and stunts the growth of the

plants. Hcrrmann’s lIi-Grade Pure Paris



Green is the most effective of all insecticides, yet it

will not burn the most tender foliage. So watch outi





 

   

   

   

   

   

 

 





 

 

   

 

 

 





   

 





When you buy an insecticide, ask for '

. . 9 \' III-GRADE PURE

,. Herrmann S PARIS GREEN





   





It is guaranteed to conform with each and ever regulation of the

Agricultural Department of the United States Cgbvernment and the

agricultural colleges of the various States.



Fewer applications necded-—-thcrcfore cheapest to use.



If your dealer will not‘supply you, write us and we will see

that your order is filled.





 

   

 

 





 

   





 

   

   

 





-~» - ---./ ' Herrmann's Almanac Sent Free—A valuable and reliable almanac filled with useful

and practical information for the farmer. including ways to kill the various worms. bugs



Packages Of 1/4 Ind pests that destroy crops. Write for it today.

to 56 lbs. MORRIS HERRMANN 81 (20., - 68'” William SII‘CCI- New York





 

   

 





 





 





GET TO KNOW





THE “ALAMO”





- The Gasoline Engine that combines QUALITY.

- DURABILITY and ECONOMY. A perfect farm

power. It will lessen your work and increase

your income. It will pump water, grind feed.

churn,run a separator, saw wood, bale hay, shell

corn and is adaptable to many other purposes.

In Stationary from 3 to 50 H. P., Portables, all

sizes. Send for our Plcture Book Catalog—Free.





THE ALAMO MPG. (30.,

HILLSDALE, MICHIGAN.





 





The time is not too early new to





 





THE GIHIHHNAII PHOSPHATE 00., Station P, Gincinnali, IlIlio.





Fertilizers Thai Give Results





WE WANT AN AGENT S:r.:t:.§:;‘l"t:'ull;.‘l;:2

We will ship to responsible parties on a consignment contract; that is, the





Our prices are right, our goods are extra. Write for prices and terms.





 





I “g.
par.»—





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





APRIL 10, 1909.





OUR potato bug

crop will be a

good deal smaller,

and your potato crop

larger if you use C T

Reynolds 8; Co pure

Paris Green and apply

it at the right time

and in the right spot—

,Where the bug is.





There’ll be less waste and

more result—because it’s all

pure Paris Green, not adulter-

ated.





See that your dealer sup-

plies you with C T Raynolds

& Co pure Paris Green.





Devoe 8: Raynolds Co

176 Randolph Street

Chicago



Use Devoe pure paints for house,

barn, wagons and implements.





POTATGESGPAY





Make them pay by using the machines that

really do the work-





601', PLANT.

SPRAY.



DIG and

SORT





There’s nothlng In

potato machinery

up to -





ASPINWALL EQUIPMENT





Write for copy of our free book telling how

to make money. growing potatoes.





ASPINWALL MFG. 00.

439 Sabin St. Jackson, Mloh.,U.S.A.

Pioneer Makers of Potato Machinery





,, .I‘r '-\\ //,u

-. lSPRAY PUMPS I“



\i til/l; \‘_\l\“ ,

Deming Spray Pum s are the most com-

fully. skillfulliy. hand-fl ted pumps made—

ri t there 3 the main reason they never

1 to run ensil with little wear. 24 Varieties.

Catalogue wit Spra in Chart FREE. Add

t cents postage for gu de ook on Spraying.





THE DEIING COMPANY.

705 Depot St... Salem. Ohio.





PRAY Your Fruits. Crops,





. Poultry Houses, and

do 'whitewashing with The

AUTO-SPRAY. Factory rice



and guaranteed to satisfy. Fit with

Auto- ’op Nozzle does the work of three .

ordinary sprayer-s. Used by Experiment ,, ’ '

Stations and 300,000 others. We make I



manys lesandsizes. Spraying Guide ,

Free. rite for book,prlces and Agency ’ .





05”- The E. c. Brown Co.

32 Jay Street. Rochester. N. Y.





SPRAYING‘





FRUIT TREES





is no longer an experiment,

but a. necessity. Prevents

worniy fruit by destroy-

ing all insect pests

and funguoul diseases.

Every farmer gar-

dener,fruitorilower

grower should write

for free cata-

logue, describing 21

styles of Spm ing

‘Outfits, and con in-

lng a full treatise on

spraying fruit and vege-

.. . table crops. and much

*i ., valuable information.

WM. STAHL SPRAYER 00.. Box 108 L Quincy. III.





DeLOACH

3% lo 200 ILP.





131111131





steam. casouus auo warn pawn

PLANERS SHINGLE MlLLSl-CORN mus

Wit PAY TH FREIGHT.

SEND FOR CATALOGUE.





DeLOach Mill Mtg. Co.. Box 357, Bridgeport, Ala.





Agricultural Lime





and mpgelgrt ‘gpplylnn.

rm: woonvrrua warrs‘unr co.. Toledo,0hio





W toon E. Coleman Patent

PATENTS Attgrney. Washington, D‘. 0. Ad-

vice tree. Terms low. Highest ref.





 

 





 





 

 

 





 

 

 

 





 

   

   

   

   





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





field where the celery plants are to be

set. Heavy applications of rotted ma-

nure can be applied and the spring rains

will help to incorporate the elements of

fertility into the soil. We find the results

much more satisfactory when we take

up the work thus early. When the plants

are set and growth has well started, we

apply along the rows the same commer-

cial fertilizer used on the seed beds,

never less than half a, ton per acre,

often more. The nitrogen is not im-

mediately available, but continues its

good work when fairly begun until the

end of gmwth. We apply nitrate of

soda, 150 lbs. per acre for directly avail-

able nitrOgen. This is made very fine

and Scattered also along the rows about

the time the other mixed fertilizer is

applied. We divide this 150 lbs, using

only one half at a. time and applying the

rest about three weeks later. To many

persons the amount of fertilizing matc—

rial used will seem enormous, but an

extra. fine celery commands a very high

price. It pays handsomely to care for

it. with this price in view. Especially

during the holiday season a grower may

demand and will get almost any price

for crisp, firm celery free from stringi—

ness and of a superior fine flavor. Suffi-

cient moisture and well balanced ferti-

lization will produce such a choice arti-

cle. No matter what care we bestow, or

how we hill it, or trench it, if the plants

are not provided with the food they need,

success will not be ours. An abundance

of nitrogen is needed for luxuriant

growth, but potash and phosphorus must

also be present in plenty to make the

growth strong and solid. Abundance of

well balanccd plant food is the secret of

long-keeping celery.



This is the method we follow, and ship-

ments of our early cclcry are often in

the best possible shape as late as the

middle of December.





Ohio. E. A. SEASON.





 





SOME QUERIES AS TO SAGE CUL-

TURE.





 





(a) Would sage be a profitable crop

to grow? (b) \thre would a market be

found for the crop? (c) Arc ihcrc dif—

fercnt varieties, and what is the best?

((1) \thit kind of soil will give best rc—

sults‘? Please answer tliru Michigan

Farmer and oblige a. subscriber.



Bcrricn Co.



(:1) Sage is most extensively used of

all the medicinal or pot hcrbs, and there

ought to be imoncy in growing it, provid—

ed an outlet can be found for the crop.

which will be. discusscd in the sccond

question. Huving personally grown con-

siderable of it, I would advise growing it

in a small way at first, or until the

market problcm was well in hand. (b)

There is dcmnnd for it the year round

us ncnrly every fni‘nily in the land uses

it, but to reach this market requires

to handle it at retail. In large cities

this demand is always open and cspcc—

iully with butchers and sausage manu—

faclurcrs. The better unnrkct for large

quantities, howcvvr, is among the con—

diment and ground spice munufucturcrs.

By a little effort thru inquiry or other-

wine, you can easily locate many of these

men in Detroit or Chicago and certainly

they require and use quantities of it.

(c) In the common sage tlicrc is liiilc,

if any, difference as to variety. All the

sccdsmcn advertise the seed sold by

packet, ounce or pound; and once stori-

ed, with proper precaution you can Elf—

terward increase to any extent by root

division and transplanting. Holts Main—

imoth is an exception to the ordinary

sage and is said to be fair and away

ahcnd of the common sort. Personally I

have not grown it but certainly should

were I in the business. This sort does

not go to seed and the plants must be

relied upon to furnish a starter. (d)





 





 





Many of the aromatic and pot herbs give

better quality on thin, light soils; but

for sugc. any good ground not too heavy

will answer.



As to culture, make the soil very

rich and thoroly work it into finc and

perfect condition. Sow the seed in drills

sixteen to eighteen inches apart. Sow

early to give all the time possible for

growth, when plants are well up thin to

sixteen inches in the row. Giyc clcz'in

and them culture to keep out weeds and

grass. Just as it is coming into blossom

cut the tender shoots and leaves, with

it in the sun, tie into small bunches and

cure it in the shade.



The cutting time is very important as

it loses much vigor after coming into full

bloom. So also is the curing; it must be

cured quickly by brisk air circulation

rather than sun exposure, as that will

diScolor it. It is perennial and will live

tllru the winter; but the following spring





 





the roots should be divided and trans-

planted which will give a better crop the

second year than the first. It requires

four to five pounds of seed per acre.

If Holts Mammoth is desired, the plants

are sent by mail.



Wayne Co. J. E. MORSE.





CROWN GALL OF THE APPLE.





 





Crown gall is a tcrm applied to certain

warty outgrowtlls or cxcrcsccnccs upon

the apple, pear, peach, raspberry, etc.,

forming chiefly on the parts below

ground. On the apple tree growths are

more apt to occur on grafted trees at

the union of the root and the cion, but

they may form at any place where the

roots have been injured in transplanting,

etc.



It has been recently demonstrated that

crown gall is caused by a specific bac-

terial parasite. It is very omnivorous

in its tastes, being able to cause warty

outgrowths 0r galls on a surprising num-

her of different and unrelated species or

plants when these plants are inoculated

with pure cultures of the organism.

Galls have been produced in this way





upon the following named plants:

Peaches, almonds, apples, hops, Paris

daisy, walnut, grape, radish, tomato.





raspberry, etc.



Not long ago the Maine experiment

station purchased 60 apple trees from a

nurserymnn. The package in which they

were shippcd bore a. tage stating that the

orchard from which they came had been

officially inspected and found free from

disease. Thrcc out of the 60 trees or h

per cent of the shipment bud wcll dc-

veloped crown galls upon them. This

cxpericncc indicates that every orchardist

should vcry carefully inspect all stock

which he. purchases for setting this

spring. All ll‘l‘t‘S showing cvidcnce 01

crown gall should be either returned to

the shipper or burni-d, and future orders

plnccd with nurscrymcn who can and Will

furnish trccs i'rcc from «lisvuso. Under

no condition should trees be planted

which show growths of this k'nd upon

the roots, for not only will it result in an

untlirifiy and unprofitable tree but it:

-will also infcct the soil with thc crown

gall organism and endanger other plants.



Maine Exp. Sta. C. I). WOODS.





GRAND TRAVERSE FRUIT REGION.





 





Now that we have a car fcrry across

the lake to Mnnistiquc the wonderful

possibilities of shipping fruit in the gl‘cnl

fertile regions of the northwest is in:—

mcnsc and i‘ortiincs con bo mndo. I am

76 yczu‘s of ago and lmiy be. nble to Solid

curlozi‘ds there yet. Even the Crosby

pencil is frost proof and bus ncvcr bccn

winlcr killcd, and this is ~13 dcgrccs

north. I became acquainted with :l pio-

nccr Lake Erie grape grower who has 3.

vineyard of 68 acres and who ships un-

nnally cariouds of grapes to Marquette.

Mich. This suggests that the demand

hcrc is for more t'liun is being raised. I

have also observed that grapes raised

in tho south cunnot be kept long on ac-

count of the rotting. Hence, no compe-

tition to our section can come from there.



In an curly date in northern Michigan

I plrlnlcd the Wagener apple and the

fruit was a marvel of beuuty, frcc from

insect pests; but now the. old trccs cost

about $40 per acre to spray them and 1

find the hardier pouches and grapes far

more profitable. Even north of Lake An—

iurn a man is making a fortune raising

Fitzgerald peaches. I do not know

whether this will make a. wine region 01

not, but .as in the upper pcnin<ulu there

is a market large enough to consume all

the eating grapes than can be grown,

the outlook is Very encouraging.



Gd. Traverse Co. HENRY VOORHEIS.



A

TOOK TREES THRU IN FINE

SHAPE.





 





J. C. Murfcy, Luportc, Ind., writes:

“I’yrox look my fruit trees ilirn in line

shupc and oven at this date (Novem-

bcr lst) the leaves are all on and as

perfect us cvc-r. It docs stay on better

than any previous preparations I ever

tried.”



“Pyrvox” does not wash off the foil—

age l?kc Paris (lrccn, but sticks like

paint thru even hcuvy ruins. “'0 en-

dorsc it. Addrcss this pzipcr or Bowkcr

Insecticide Co., Boston, Mass.





 





 





Vthn hauling out the barnyard ma-

nure, do not forget the orchard. A well-

fcd tree makes 1L much illol‘c promising

proposition for Spraying and pruning

than an under-fed one. Plenty of food

cncouragcs the tree into luxurious bear-

ing, and the farmer ‘to give better care.

Both prosper thereby. l





 





 

 





 





(16) 427





WelcOme Words

to Women





Women who suffer with disorders peculiar

to their sex should write to Dr. Pierce and

receive free the advice of a physician or

over 40 years' experienCc—a skilled and

successful specialist in the diseases of

women. Every letter of this sort has the

most careful consideration and is regard-

ed as sacredly confidential. Many sensi-

tively modest womcn write fully to Dr.

Pierce what they would shrink from tell-

ing to their local physician. The local

physician is pretty sure to say that he

can not do anything without “an examin-

ation.” Dr. Pierce holds that these dis-

tasteful examinutions are generally need—

less. and that no woman, except in rare

cases, should submit to them.





 





Dr. Pierce’s treatment will cure you

right in the privacy of your own home.



His “Favorite Prescription” has cured

hundreds of thousands, some of them

the worst of cases.





 





 





It is the only medicine of its kind that is

the product of a regularly graduated phy-

sician. The only one good enough that its

makers dare to print its every ingredient

on its outside wrapper. There’s no score—

cy. It will bear examination. No alcohol

and no habit-forming drugs are found in

it. Some unscrupulous medicine dealers

may offer you a substitute. Don’t take it.

Don‘t triiic with your health. \Vrite to

World's Dispensary Medical Association,

Dr. 11. V. Picrcc, President, Buffalo, N.

Y..—iake the advice received and be well.





PROTECTION BRAND





ROOFING





“The Roofing without a Nail Hole."





Will not leak at the joints. Our

Method of Laying Protection Brand

Roofing makes your entire roof one

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Send for free samples and booklet.





 





 





ASPHALT READY ROOFING CO.

DEPT. n, so PINE 57.. new YORK. u. s. a.





 

 

 





 





rumor ii.





a

See Salzer’s catalog page 12;} ‘ .._.

Largest growers of seed potatoes and early

vegetables in the world. Big catalog free: or.

send 16° in stamps and receive catalog and

1000 kernels each of onions. carrot. celery.

radishes. 1500 lettuce. rutabaga, turnips. 100

parsley. 100 tomatoes. 100 melons. 1200

charming flower seeds. in all 10,000 kernels.

easily worth $1.00 of any man’s money. Or.

send 20c and we add one pkg. of Earliest

Peep O’Day Sweet Corn. , “

.g THE OALZER SEED (20.. Loewe... Wlo.’





   

   

   

   

   

   





Sensation: Great yieldor. (Weigh 40

CA I 8 lbs. per bushel). Also Seed Corn. Poto-

toes, Alfalfa and Clover Seed. Samples

and catalog tree. THEO. BURT & SONS. Heiress. Ohio.

SEED OAT ~Grest Russian variety. Silver

Plume. no smut or rust. out yields

other kinds 10 to 20 bu. per acre. $1.00 per bu.. bags

free. J. C. BUTLER, Portland, Mich.





LIME AND SULPHUR LIQUID made by the

CLARK CHEMICAL SPRAY 00.. Findlay, 0..

is the one absolutely right. Bend for Booklet.





 





 





 





 





Spec. & Bl. Locust. healthy 1 yr. trees

Tm Caialpa :4 50 per 1,000. All kinds forest dz ever-

T. G. BROBIUS, Tiflin. Ohio





MILLIONS OF TREES.

‘ PLANTS. VINES. ROSES. ETC.

The oldest, largest and most complete nursery in

Michigan. Send for catalog. Prices reasonable.

Agents wanted. I. E. ILGENFBITZ SONS 00..

The MONROE NURSERY. Monroe. Michigan.





PEACH TREES. 3c; Apple.’ 5c; Cherry.

126. All kinds of fruit trees and

plantsflet cats. ERNST’S NURSERIES. Moscow.0.





green trees cheep.





 





 





 





I 000 BU SILVER MINE seed cats at 90 cents

9 ' per bu., f. o. b. here. New grain bags



free. Yielded me last year 80 bu. per acre. No



smut. WM. SKILLMAN, Oxford. Mich.





—-Reid's Yellow Dent Imp. Early Learning

seed corn and White Cup Yellow Dent, $1.50 bu.

Also Sensation Oats that weigh 40 lbsbu. Catalog and sam-

ples free. THEO. BURT & SONS. MELROSE. OHIO.





- —-We are extensive growers and

Onion Seed dealers in all the prominent var-

ieties. Write us. Schilder Bros, Chilllcothe. Ohio.





 





 





DAHLIAS. 20 kinds (my selection) $1.00.





Satisfaction Guaranteed. Write

H. BURT, Tsunton, Mass.





for full particulars.
l

.

g

i

ll





.... _...->





2.25...





. » -,»_.W





428 ’ (16)





YYVYVYKYYYYVYWWYYY—YYYW'VVV‘





‘POULTRYM BEES?





AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA





GENERAL OBSERVATIONS ON POUL-

TRY HOUSES.



The location of the poultry house is the

most essential, for no matter how good a.

house one builds if the location is poor

the house is undesirable. If the house

is built on level land grade enough should

be provided for around the building to

allow good drainage. A knoll or slight

rise in the ground furnishes the best

location. If there is a clump of pine,

spruce, or hemlock at the north and west

of the buildings it will protect it from

the cold winds. A hedge can be set out

and in a few years will be large enough

to shut off the cold blasts.



The sills of the house should be at least

one foot from the ground and the space

below the sills boarded in, having the





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Fine Location for Poultry House—Good

Drainage and Windbreak.





boards come to the top of the sills to

keep the latter from decaying by coming

in contact with the earth which should

be filled in as high as the sills not later

than August that it may be thoroly dried

'out before winter. Most any kind Of

soil may be used, a coarse sand or a line

gravel being preferable.



Houses may be made any size or shape

to suit the builder. Some prefer a double

roof, others a single roof. Both have

their advantages. The most Common is

a house built 10 to 12 feet in width, four

to five feet high in rear and eight to nine

feet in front, with shed roof. One win-





~.N\3\V“I§w\\ «mm





Sectional House—Open-front Scratching





dow, or two half windows, should be

used to every ten feet of length. Houses

should always face the south. Open-

i‘ront scratching sheds should be added

to every closed building, or Windows

should be removed on all sunny days in

winter during four or five hours of the

middle part of each day. Never close

a building absolutely tight but always

leave a win-dew raised one inch or two

for ventilation. All closed buildings

should be thoroly aired as well as dried

out during the warm days of winter.

The sills of the henhouse may be of

2x4 stuff but 4x4 is preferable. The

framework—uprights, plates and rafters

——may be of 2x4 material. Pine, spruce

or hemlock lumber is suitable. Square-





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.‘





edged boards of pine or hemlock should

’be used, for, if paper is used to cover the

‘building a smoother surface is thus ob-

tained. A cheap building paper, or

tarred paper, may be covered with

shingles which, if kept whitewashed, will

be more durable than any other cover-

ing except clapboards. There are several

good roofing papers on the market that

may be used but they should be painted

every year or tWO to make them last.

Board floors are objectionable for many

reasons and should not be used Where

dirt floors can be provided.



Some poultrymen prefer‘the cheapest

kind of lumber for their poultry houses.

A successful poultryman of my acquaint-

ance built his first houses of fence boards,

some of which ‘had seen years of ser-

vice and were thin and weather-beaten.

For framework he used dead pine poles

three or four inches in diameter. The

sides and rear were double-boarded,

while the roof was covered with a roof-

ing paper.



These houses are still in use after

twelve years of service. “‘Thile other

more expensive houses have been built

this poultryman contends that the fence-

board houses produce the best results.



N. H. A. G. Smoxps.





 





SPACE REQUIRED FOR FOWLS.





 





A St. Clair C0. reader asks about the

size of house he will need to accommo—

date 60 or 70 fowls. Also as to kind of

material and cost of same. The general

rule is to allow not less than 4 sq. ft. of

floor space per fowl. The house should

be not more than 10 or 12 ft. deep; other-

wise the rear part of house will be too

far from the windows in the front. Fig-

uring on a depth or width of 12 ft. it

would be necessary to make the house 20

ft. long to take care of 60 fowls. How—

ever, 60 or 70 fowls are a good many for

a single flock and it might be better to

build the house in two Sections and di-

vide the flock. \Ve can hardly advise

as to cost of material as conditions vary

much in different localities. Some ex~

ccllent general suggestions on poultry

house building are preSented in another

column of this department and some

plans for convenient and economical

houses will follow in future issues.





HELPS FOR THE BEGINNER IN

BEEKEEPING.-——ll.





 





Use of the Queen Excluder.

During the first season, when combs

are being built and the queen has full

range of the hive, the combs extracted

may contain some brood. Care ‘must be

exercised not to turn the extractor too

fast if brood is unsealed, otherwise it

may be thrown out. The proper speed



must be determined by experiment.

Having once obtained the combs ro-





Pens and Roosting Rooms Alternating.

quisitc for each hive a queen excluder

should be used over the brood nest pre—

vious to putting on the season's supply

of extracting supers. This cxcludcr keeps

the queen below and allows the worker

bees to pass thru the perforated zinc

above and store :honey. Of course there

will be no brood in the extracting supers

if the exeludcr is used, which makes ex-

tracting more pleasant. Alt‘ho bees do

not so readily go above an cxcluder to





build combs, they will store honey

abundantly if the combs are already

built.





About Swarming.

W‘hile, as a rule, bees do not swarm

if plenty of empty combs are provided,

We must be prepared for emergencies.





If a swarm does issue, hive them on .full

sheets of foundation, giving a two-story

hive if the swarm is extra large. Shade

the hive well. New swarms build beau-

tiful even combs if hived on full sheets

of comb foundation. I am assuming,

however, that the operator has no time

to watch for swarms during the busy

season, hence it is best to prevent

swarming as much as possible.



The peculiarity of the season has so

much to do with swarming that during

some years bees swarm in spite of all

precautions. To lose the swarm is waste-

ful, yet possibly the operator cannot be at

home during the day. The most prac-

tical method is to examine the hive

every five or six days for queen cells,

which are a most common symptom of

swarming. By this I mean, look for

queen cells with eggs or larvae in them.

In natural swarming bees usually con-

struct queen-cell cups on the lower edge

of the breed combs. The queen lays an

egg in each of these. In three daysthc

eggs hatch into tiny larvae and in six

days more the cells are ‘sealed and out

comes the swarm. As a rule, bees do

not swarm until the first queen cell is

capped. Frequently bees will construct

small cell cups several days in advance

of the time when the queen lays eggs in

them. “'hen these little cell cups are

started it is best to watch the colony

more closely, laying a stone on the hive

or otherwise marking it. The second

story of the hive should be tilted forward

in looking under for queen cells if no ex-

cluder is used; otherwise the first story

will contain the cells.



To Prevent Swarmlng.



Having discovered a colony containing

queen cells with larvae in them, it is

practically certain that they will soon

swarm. To avoid their swarming in the

usual way practice “shook,” or forced

swarming. A new hive is prepared ex-

actly like that used for a natural swarm.

Set the old hive aside and place an empty

one in its place. Smoke the bees and jar

the hive well to make them fill up with

honey; then remove the frames one by

one and shake the bees into the new

hive. As fast as the frames of honey

and brood are removed place them in an

empty hive body carried along for the

purpose. The bees, having their queen

with them, will be in exactly the same

condition as tho they had swarmed na—

turally and will go to work with great

energy. Don’t forget to shade them.



The body, or bodies, of brood combs

may be placed on some other hive in

need of more brood or a super. As fast

as the brood is hatched the cells will be

filled with honey.



I neglected to say that where a queen

excluder is used and the queen kept be~

low, only one story of breed combs need

be Shaken. The extracting supers of

honey may either be placed, bees and all,

on a weaker colony, or they may be

placed ab0ve the hive with a bee escape

between them. A bee escape is a con-

trivance placed in a board between the

super of honey and the, brood chamber

so that bees can go downward into the

breed chamber but cannot return. Es-

capes are largely used by extensive bee-

keepcrs in removing honey.



Porter 00., Ind. F. B. CAVANAGH.





A Valuable Book for Chicken Raisers.

“Progressive l’oultry Culture” is the,

title of a book recently received. a care-

ful examination of which impels us to

commend it to our poultry rca crs. It: is

from the pen of Dr. Arthur A. Brigham,

of the South Dakota School of Agricul-

ture, and is designed to meet the needs

of those farmers and poultrymen who

have long desired a plain, practical and

authoritative treatise on poultry culture.

From an able presentation of the basic

factors of success in the business it pro-

gresses, clearly and systematically, thru

all the details of up-to-date poultry man-

agement, particular attention being given

to the, problems involved in line breeding,

proper housing, artificial incubating and

brooding. colonizing, balancing rations

and feeding, caponizing, profitable mar—

keting, etc. The chapter on parasites

and diseases, which covers 30 pages. is

exceptionally complete and, in our opin-

ion, constitutes the m0st valuable fea—

ture of the book. Half-tone reproduc-

tions of typical specimens of the various

breeds of chickens are included among;

the illustrations. and the chapter on

housing and fencing contains a number

of half—tones and etchings which will

prove helpful to the beginner or to the

veteran breeder in planning buildings and

runs. There is also an excellent chapter

on the exhibition of poultry and score-

card judging, and another on the keep-

ing of records and accounts and on sea-

sonable, judicious advertising of breeding

stock and eggs. As a whole, it leaves

little to be desired by the progressive

chicken raiser who has felt the need of

such a work in his efforts to attain the

highest success in his business. It is a

volume of nearly 300 pages, bound in

cloth, and may be secured thru the

Michigan Farmer for $1.50 per copy.





 





 

 





 

 





 





'APRIL 10, 1909.





W 6" Th m Aw '

e we 0 av.

We have printed. for die-





tribntion. several thou-on oo .

ies of The Incubator Book.





ow i you make extra large

profits raising chickens.





Sure Halchilnouhator





The Incubator Book tells what makes the “Sure

Hatch" the Chum ion of the World. Tells all

about the “barge. n" incubators. Shown why

they fail. More good practical help for poultry

miners than in any other book ever sold or 82-





yet it. in tree for the asking. Bend today. Addreu





SURE HATCH INCUBATOR CO.

Bot ”.me Nola. or Dept. '2 .lntliuopoho. Ind.





 





 





l40-Egg





Incubator over Made

Freight Prepaid





   

   





   





Paul,Buf- Double cases all over- best

{310, Kansas copper tank: nurse ,aelfire u.

City or Racine lating. Beat; liO-chic hot-we er





 

 





Broader, 04.50. Ordered together 011.60. Soilslootlon

uor-ntood. No machines at any price are better.

rite for book today or send price and save waiting.

Bollo cu Incubator Co. Box Roolno Vllo.





‘ ‘l25 Egg Incubator 3'"

and Broader 1“"





If ofiered together we "1

send both for 010

and pay freight. Well i

made hot water cop er tanks,

double wens, double glass doors.

Free catalog describes them.





Wlloonoln Incubator Co.

Box . Racine. Wis. - - -





   

 





     





 





 





 





 

 





 





   





 





 

 





 

 





 

   

   

 





 





 





     





 





 





“MONEY m secs".





S C. BROWN Leghorns—My method and form

. range has developed layers with vigor. My

One-third {nuclei-’3 price

and better layers. 81 par 30. 82 per 60. 03 per 100, 35

per 200, 07 per 300. J. E. McARTHY. n.3, Enfleld, Ill.





eggs produce layers.





 





—Rhode Island Red





RED BABIE baby chicks only 15¢





each, 015 per 100 and up. Prize winners Cincinnati,





Chicago. I ndlannpolla. Kansas City, Milwaukee, De-





troit. Toledo. Eggs 82 to 020 per 15. Owner CHICA-

GO KING. world’s greatest Red male. High grade





. eggs and chicks to a. few parties on a snare basis.





at reduced price. Barred Bock. Leghorn, Black

Mlnorcn chicks 100 each. 010 per 100. One lot Black

Minor-can, 15 hens. 1 cockerel. 816. One lot Block

Minorcas. 15 hens, 1 yearling male. non lat cook at De-

troit. 025. Two lots Bufi’ Orpingtons, 1 male. 10 hens.

$12. Fl ve lots of Beds. 11 birds, 012. Also Red females

:1 and $2 each, and cockorelo at 82, 03, $5 and 810 each.

EDWIN R. CORNISH, Edwardsburz. Mich.





In Mich. but White. Silver.

STOCK and EGGS Golden and Buff Wynn-

dottes. Rhode Island Reds, Barred Rocks, Pat.,Coch-

ins. Light Brahman. White d'tBleck Langshans. All

varieties of Leghorns & Hamburger. Pekin, Rouen,

Cayuya, and Muscovy Blue Swedish White dz Grey

Call Ducks. Toulouse, Embden, African, Bronze &

White China Geese. E. J. Basking, Plttsford, Mich.





9 BARRED ROCKS. Di t N

“RINGLETS, York winners. three reigning:

Eggs, 15 for $1.00.





AIRVIEW FARM a. r. Betas and B. c. B. Leg-

horns. Eggs $1.50 and 01 per 15; $2.75 per 50; $5

per-300. ENGLISH &WIDMAYER, Chelsea. Mich.





R. 1- REDS Efifisiéiiiioht‘ig‘d {areal-“$.29

ter layers. Mrs. Edith Park, Coopersvilie. Mlcn.. R.6.





EST STRAIN R. C. B. I. Reds. Eggs each, A



pens. 10 cents: B pens, 8 cents: C pens. 6 cents.



Gray African Geese world’s best eggs, 40 cents each.

W. T. FRENCH. Ludington, Mich.





. from prize winnln &A. ll -

Wh'h Wyandotio Eggs lng stock 01.60 peg 15 or 62.3570

per 30 eggs. A. Franklin Smith, Ann Arbor. Mich





E G G S —nght Brahma, Vlhlte Wyandotte and

B P. Rocks 91 a setting, $1.50 for two

settings. E. D. BISHOP, Route 35, LakeOdeasa.Mlch.





—Eggs for batch-

Barred Plymouth Books in... pa... in for

91:26 for $1.50: 60 for 82.50: 04 per hundred. Satisfac-

tion guaranteed. Colon C. Lillie. Coopersville. Mich.





E G G S—M. B. TURKEY. PEKIN

DUCK. BARRED EOCK.

HUPP FARM. Blrmlnchnm. Mich.





MINORCA cockerels at $1 and 82 each. Am book-

lng orders for P. 0. pigs, sired by boars of extra

breeding and great quality. 3. W. Mills, Saline, Mien.





. —E f r h ch-

Whlte Wyandottes lugs?” Place. 135th

It: 26 for 01.50: 50 for 02.50: 34 per hundred. Satisfac-

tion guaranteed. Colon C. Lillie. Cooperaville, Mich.





I Eggs 15 for "1; 50 for $2.50: 100

s- ‘c- w- loghomg- for 34. Month old. April hatch-

ed chicks $18 per 100; May hatched chicks $15 per

100. GILMAN A. GREEN, Clurkuton, Mich.





UFF ROCK EGGS—oi for 15. Best form fowl.

Hardy. Quiet. Good winter layers. Large.

WILLIS 8. MEAD]!9 R. No. 3. Holly. Mich.





C. and S. C. RIIODB ISLAND RED‘ and

. Columbia!) Wyandotte Eggs. $1 per 15.

BUL‘LL BROS... Ann Arbor Michlgan.





E. c. BROWN LEGHORNS our Eu on





- c u in r n o w

ready, it’s free. Big Birds—Greatest Layers. 15

cockerels yet for sale. FRED MOTT, Lansing, Mich.





SINGLE coma WHIiE muons-Essa .o. 1.....-





lug. Price, 15 (or

.1; 26 for 01.50: 50 for 82.50; 04 per hundred. Satisfac-

tion guaranteed. Colon C. Lillie. Coopersville, Mlch.





SILVER Golden and White Wyonaotteu. ' A nice

’ lot of good cockerels still left. Satisfac-

tion Guaranteed. 0. W. Brownlng, Portland, Mich.





DOGS.





FOX AND WOLF HOUNDS





of the best English strains in Ameri-

ca: 40 your experience in breeding

these fine bounds for my own sport.

I now offer them for role.



Send “In for Catalogue.

‘l’. B. HUDIPETII. lbloy. lockaon Gm. Io.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





OLLIES for Service—Two Reilstered sable and

white prize-winners and stock workers. No pup-

pies at present. W. J. ROSS. Rochester, Mich.





FOR SALE SCOTCH COLLIE PUPS.

Fem-lea spayed and kept till

well. A. C. FREEMAN. Ypsilanti. Mlch., RED. 2.





 





J. W. SALIARD, Borneo, Mich.





 





.. ”M.aymvh





WA... . “5....st «a»: -





c .- as...“ -
. «aw—M <J>¢wx .





Wimpy/mm- .. A





«any.» man. mama-r '«JO-e'tr





ecu.





APRIL 10,\ 1909.





. W‘W





 





E FARMERS’ chs -





OFFICERS OF THE STATE ASSOCIA-

TION OF FARMERS CLUBS.

President—A. L. Chandler, Owosso.

Vice-President—Mrs. Clara L. French,



Pompeii.



Secretary—Mrs. W. L. Cheney, Mason.



Treasurer~D. K. Hanna, Caro.



Corresponding Secretary—Clayton Cook,

Owosso.



Directors—D. M. Beckwith, Howell; D.

M. Garner, Davisburg; Halladay,

Norvell; E. C. Hallock, Almont; B. A.

Holden, Wixom; Wm. H. Marks, Fair

Haven.



Address all correspondence relative to

the organization of new Clubs to Mrs. .

L. Cheney, Mason, Mich.





Associational Motto.—

The skillful hand, with cultured mind,

is the farmer's most valuable asset.





Assoclational Sentiment.—

The farmer; he garners from the soil

the primal wealth of nations.





 





 





HIRED HELP‘ON THE FARM.





Paper read by Mrs. C. P. Johnson, ‘of

the Hadley and Elba Farmers’ Club, be-

fore the State Association of Farmers'

Clubs.



(Concluded from last week).



The day help is another question en-

tirely that is purely a matter of meals

with the good housewife. The thresher

is a question by himself and a mighty





one, too.



“'e have them at all times, in season

and out season, but never yet at a con—

venient season. Ten chances to one the

bread can and cookie jar are nearly

empty, and one pair of hands to prepare

everything for from 1:5 to 15 hungry men,

and get it on time, too.



The one great thing which I have

learned in this connection is to do the

best you can and serve them good na—

turedly.



They are generally men of common

sense ”and will make allowances for know-

ing that they were unexpected and per-

haps they came under protest, too, be-

cause someone shirkcd a meal. _



Shirk may seem a strong word, but wait

until you have to fill in the gap, and see

what you think about it.



I know it may be a temptation, but

don't send them away without dinner or

supper when they have been doing your

work. The men resent it, as well as

the woman imposed upon.



“The laborer is worthy of his hire,”

and the thresher is worthy of his meals.



I have yet to hear of a threshing crew

finding fault, when they knew a woman

had done the best she could, and served

them pleasantly, but they are not sparing

of criticism when they are unjustly sent

to the next place for meals.



The trying and comical experiences I

have had along this line would fill a vol-

ume of no small size, and make even a

dyspeptic laugh. Right here. let me say

when you find a thresher who does good

work, and carries a respectable crew,

patronize him, and you will gain by_it.

He knows your barns, your granaries,

and how much you wish your work done.

There is no time wasted, and it is much

pleasanter to board someone you know

than an entire stranger.



Hay pressers are the worst of all. The

dust is so fine. and so penetrating, that

they cannot avoid soiling everything they

touch. Towels, bed and table linen are

a heart-rending, back-aching sight to the

weary woman at the close of their visi—

taiion. You can fill up a threshing crew,

but hay-presscrs—never. They will clean

up everything you put before them, and

do it over again, ad infinitum.



As to sheep shearers, corn huskers,

etc, the same principles hold good. They

keep the housewife from getting lazy and

finding her work monotonous, you know.

Like the man who was trying to rent a

place. He said he had only 12 children

and wanted room for a garden, so his

wife could hoe it during her leisure time.



The hired girl on the farm is a problem

by herself. The girl who goes into the

city home expects to be. a servant and

not to enter the family life. On the farm

it is different and is fast becoming a

question of no girl at all. The. city al-

lurcments, department stores and public

institutions, make it Well .nigh impos-

sible to get help on the farm. Sick 01

well. living or dying, you must do it

alone.



You can get hired men, but you cannot

get hired girls for love or money. “Te

huvc had all kinds of girls. good, bad

and indifferent, principally good ones, and

I must confess the bcst ones were thOse

who were not obligcd to work out but

came for accommodation. One, an inde-

lN‘ndcnt, resolute girl, a high school grad-

uate. a member of my own alumni. prom-

ised to help me. Her parents objected





but she said, “Take your choice, let me

go or send me to M. A. C. I want to

learn a new way of doing things.” Judge





for yourself if i could treat that girl as

a servant or meet her on an equality

basis.



Such girls are treasures and there is

only one trouble with them. Others are

not slow to see their worth, and some

young man gets the girl and you are left

alone again.



I admit, however, that the average

hired girl is anything but a joy forever

and it requires the patience of Job to

live with her. Carelessness, ineapahility.

and don’t careitiveness seem to be her

chief characteristics, for which she de-

mands the compensation due efficient

service.



Indeed, one housewife said she could





3





(131-113; .MICHIGAN FARMER.





learn something new of every girl she

employed, if it was only some new way

of slighting the work. >



But “honor to whom honor is due” is

an old precept, and if you do see an eas-

ier, quicker method of attaining the same

result do not fail to give the girl credit

for it, and tell her so, too.



It will not hurt you. and may help her.

Every member of God's family craves

appreciation, and is happier for its ac-

knowledgement. If the old adage, "Put

yourself in his place" was religiously

practiced by both employer and em—

ployee, the strife between mistress and

maid, merchant and clerk, capital and

labor, would be reduced to a minimum,

and harmony reign supreme. We have

solved the hired girl by hiring no girl at

all. \Ve try to get a man for houseclean-

ing, and really a strong, capable, teach—

able man is a bonanza in that domestic

upheaval.



As to the everyday work, it is no worse

for the men? to sweep, wash dishes and

mix bread, too. in an emergency, than

for the housewife to work in the garden.

drive team on the hay loader, rake or

slings. You smile about the bread, but

I can testify that a bread mixer with a

man behind the crank is a boon to the

weary housewife.



The scarcity of girls compels us, to fol-

low the men’s example and take advan-

tage of all the improved labor saving up-

pliances within reach of our purse.



There is one thing more. friends. Isn’t

the farmer’s wife who, in her weak way

is striving to make a home for those

temporary inmates, the hired help, doing

God‘s work just as truly as those who

go down in the Slums or on mission fields?



Don’t think she does it from choice,

only stern necessity. The privacy of the

home circle is just as dear to her as to

the most aristocratic city lady. Just so

far as the farmer feeds them all, the

farmer’s wife makes it possible for the

city ladies to dwell in their exclusiveness.

Some one must do it, and do, I beg of

you, give her the honor that is due her.

The Good Book says. “Inasmuch as ye did

it to the least of these,” etc. They are’

“The strangers within our gates,” and

if their sojourn with us does not make

them better men and women, then we

have failed to do our best for them. But,

when all is said and done, 'happy is the

farmer and happier the farmer’s wife

who is independent of hired help.





 





CLUB DISCUSSIONS.





Discuss Tile Drainage.~The Groveland

Farmers’ Club met at the pleasant home

of Mr. and Mrs. J. .I'. Coventry, March

27. Dinner was served. Meeting was

called to order by Mr. Allan Brossius,

vice—president of the club, followed by

singing, roll call, reading of minutes of

previous meeting, etc. Question for dis-

cussion, “Will it behoove us, as farmers,

to give attentionr to the drainage of

the farms, and would it: be to our advan-

tage as farmers to drain where needed,

even if we had to hire the money to ac«

complish the same?” A much appreciated

talk was given by'Mr. J. .l'. Coventry, on

tile draining and beautifying the farms.

He thinks tiling pays. providing a good

outlet can be obtained. and will be kept

open. On the low places fine timothy

can be. grown, and certainly is more

profitable than cattails and willows, and

adds beauty also. In some instances, the.

first crop, either timothy or oats has paid

for ditching and tile. The question was

also discussed by Messrs. Brosius, Sev-

encr and chfrew. An excellent program

was rendered. The club voted to hold

afternoon meeting and serve supper, be—

ginning with the last Saturday in April.

The next meeting will be held at the

home of Mr. and Mrs. L. D. Coventry.—

Mrs. Jas. Auten, Cor. Sec.



Hold Temperance Meeting.—-The Salem

Farmers’ Club held its March meeting at

the pleasant home of Mr. and Mrs. E. T.

“'alker. Over 100 guests gathered and

enjoyed the social hour and the good

program. As was before announced the

subject was “Temperance." The speaker

for the day was Rev. Carl Paton, of Ann

Arbor. He said in part: “Never before

was there such general and widespread

interest in putting down this great evil

of our civilization, the licensed saloon.

We in the country know comparatively

little of the ruin being wrought in the

cities and towns thru the temptation and

attraction of the saloon. Of all places it





. e.-'

.y “5;.





 





Faith (Schoolcraft Co.) Pomona Grange.

Deputy fi’ilde is fourth from the'left among those sitting or kneeling in front





BIIPII,.Sthe Lecturer; Pomona Master Edwards to the right of center

Hutt is sixth from the left in front row, sitting with feet crossed.





seems most unreasonable to license the

saloon in the city of Ann Arbor, where

from every state in the union and from

the lands across the sea our young men

are sent that they may be educated and

trained into good, intelligent and noble

men. At the same time the state licenses

40 saloons to pull them down to ruin."

The address was much enjoyed and we

hope will bear much fruit in the election

returns. A fine paper was rcad by Miss

Rena Donovan. Mrs. Mae Atchinson gave

an original poem, and several good liter-

ary and musical numbers were given.

W. B. Thompson 1".‘2ld rcsolutions on the

death of Mr. Samuel \Vilkinson.—1I. C.

Thompson, Reporter.

WWWW‘





GRANGE i





“MW“



Our Motto—“The Farmer is of more



consequence than the farm, and should be

first improved."





 





 





IN THE UPPER PENINSULA.





A Menominee County Grange Confer-

ence was held at Powers, in the opera

house, March 26, when the State Lecturer

was present to consult with officers and

members on means of advancing G‘ange

interest among them. Some 60 Patrons

attended the morning and closed session

for instruction in the ritual work; 110

people paid close attention, during the.

afternoon open meeting, to a half dozen

addresses upon the history and value of

organization among farmers. There are

three Grangcs in Menominee county, all

of which were represented in this gath-

ering. The Master of Pioneer Grange is

County Deputy Even .\ndcrson who, with

his wife and lecturer and chaplain of hl<

Grange, Came twcnly mill-s and gave





much aid to the two ne‘wcr (,irui'igcs.

Master Galligan, of Excelsior Grange.





wife and four members come from Carncy

and also coniribufcd valuable :is.:‘staii(:c.





Attorney Rushmore, now of Sioplli‘llsoll





but formerly from licnowcc county, took

occasion to come in and was called on

for a practical talk. Master Geadke and

others from Progressive Grange, at Pow-

H's, hospitably entertained their guests

and expressed confidence in the value

that will come thru wolking together.

Each of these three Oranges in this new

Grange county is stri 'ing to make the 200

membership mark this year, and it is

expected that their ranks will soon be

recruited to a considerable cxtent from

among the wives and daughters of the

men who are new members. No subject

during the day received more attention

from all the speakers than that of “fi'o-

men in the Grange,” for it was the most

obvious need at that point. About a third

of the audience was made up of wmncn

who have not yet joined in (’h‘angc work

with the men of their families.



The day following the. Powers Confer-

ence was a “rod lcttt‘l' day” for patrons

of Schoolcraft county. Nine subordinate

(ll‘zlllgl‘s have been organized in this

county, since the meeting of State Grange,

by Deputy John “'ilde, and on Saturday,

March 27, 1320 members of these new

Grunges met at Munistiquc. After a gen-

uine picnic dinner together they proceed-

cd to organize “l“uith Pomona. (’lraugc,”

with 87 charter members. Jacob Edwards

was elected master, B. S. L‘olc, lw'llll'l'i‘,

and Frank Hutt, secretary. Instruction

and drill on Grange usages occupied the

remainder of the afternoon.



This marked the beginning of couni‘.’

co-operation toward the betterment of

farmers in that section. Anothcr sump—





(17) 429





tuous meal was served at supper time

and the hall again filled for the evening.

The program rendered then might have

been called a “demonstration lecture

hour,” being under the direction of the

State Lecturer and quite an impromptu

affair. It was taken part in by fully

50 of the new patrons who entered heart-

ily into the spirit of learning by doing.

Songs were in charge of the young peo—

ple, selcct readings were. hastily selected

and given with a relish, talks on “The

uses of ritual work” and “Legislation

we are interested in” were made by two

brothers, and bcsidcs these, every officer

present of any of the subordinate Oranges

responded splendidly to the roll call by

answering the question, “\‘x'hy did I join

the Grange?” In these improvised ex-

ercises, however, was evident the pro~

phccy of future Pomona programs of ex—

Ccptional qualify.



Deputy \Vilde, at this date, had just

organized his twentieth Orange in the

upper peninsula since the first of the

year. and was about to begin a program

that contemplated the complete organiza—

tion of Luce and Mackinac counties, in—

cluding at Pomona Grange in each. His

earnestness and self-sacrifice in pursuing

this work under difficulties are compen-

sated for now by the zeal with which

these people are entering into their new

rclutions. ’I‘hcy soc, not for ahead, some

of the cffecls upon trade. and legislation

that inevitably follow the self—assertion

of a farming population and they are bent

upon securing such results in their sec-

tion of the state.



JENNIE BUELL.





AMONG THE LIVE GRANGES.





Mancelona Grange, of Antrim Co., is

training a degrcc team which will be srnt

to State Grange at Traverse. (lily next

December. l‘lvcry member of the team

is under 20 years and a fair number Cf

the members are young ladies. This

Grange takes considerable pride, in what

it does, as it has a reputation to main-

tain, it having reccivvd a silver medal at

the St. Louis exposition.



Patrons Secure Access to Library.———At

the meeting of Silica Grange, No. 546. of

Muskegon 00., March 20, plans were made.

whereby the rcsidcnis of Dalton and

vicinity may draw books from the Hack—

lcy public library. of Muskcgon, Silica

Grange guaranteeing the proper use of

the privilege. .\ talk on “Legislation We

are interested in.” by lion. (‘has. I. Giles.

representative from Muskegon Co., was

very interesting, and brot out some dis—

cussion. A paper on “Ranks and Bank-

ing,” by Mr. P. O. Hollhe, of the Mus-

kcgon Savings Bank, was full of infor-

mation and was well received—Loot.



Sumner Patrons Are Active—Sumner

Grange, of Gratiot Co, held its last meet-

ing March 13. The legislative committee

reported that there were two petitions

to be signed by all the qualified Voters,

viz‘: For the Torrens System of Land

Transfers, and to force telephone and tel-

egraph companies to be common carriers.

The advanced program was discussed.

Some, thot it a “Little style and a lot of

money.” Three, candidates were given

the. third and fourth degrees. A recess

was declared, after which the lecture

hour followed. Roll call was responded

to by all but eight of the 3] present. The

debate was once more postponed.



Puffy Creek Grange was organized in

Fairbanks township. Delta, C0,, Mich. by

Deputy John \Vilde. Monday evening,

March 22. The following officers were

chosen: Master, Hurry l-l'utchins; over—

sccr, August Mercicr: lecturer. Mabel

Plunte; steward, Sylvester Louis; asst.

steward, Joseph Mercicr; lady asst. stew—

ard, Agnes Lamothc: chaplain, Ruse,

Men-fer; treasurer. l’hilip Plante; sec—

retary, Frances McLeod. gatckccpcr, Ano~

fol Lacris; (‘crcsy llouisc Mcrcicr; I’o—

mona, Georgiana l’luutc; Flora, Ellen

Lofrancis.





 





 





Organized at Manisthue, March 27, 1909, with 87 Charter Members.





giving th P





row; at his left stands Sister Jennie

atron‘s general sign; Pomona Secretary
430 do





YfYYYVYVYYvVYYYVVYYYW





E MARKETS ':





AAAAAAAAAAA4AAAAAA AAAAr"





DETROIT WHOLESALE MARKETS.





April 7, 1909.



Grain and Seeds.

Wheat.-—Prices reached a. new high

basis the past week. Every quarter is

sending out: bullish news. The millers in

the southwest are searching everywhere

for cash grain. The outlook for the new

crop is growing poorer as the days pass

in that the grain has been unprotected

from the effects of the frosts. Europe is

beginning to feel the effects of the fall-

ing off in shipments from the southern

hemisphere. It looks now as if she would

have to come to this side for wheat and

brcadstuffs. The high prices have urged

the farmers to sell close, and the contin—

ued demand from the millers for wheat

to grind into tlour, will likely keep the

trade bullish till the new crop is 11:11"

vested in as much as the market cannot

be supported by deliveries from the farms

as is usual at this season. One year ago

the price for No. 2 red wheat was 93$éc.



Quotations are:

No. 2 No. 1 No. 3

Red. \Vhite. Red.

Thurs. ...1.30 1.30 1.27

Fri. ......1.31 1.31 1.23





 





 





May. July.

1.27 1.0914;

1.28% 1.10





Sat. ......1.33 1.33 1.30 1.30 1.1014;

Mon. . . . ..1.33 1.33 1.30 1.30 1.101;:

Tues. ........





\Ved. ....1.35 1.35 1.32 1.33 1.13

Germ—Prices have fluctuated within

narrow limits with a general tendency

toward higher figures. The strength in

wheat is largely responsible for the ad-

vance made. Deliveries were small the

past week and the demand continued

normal. It is generally believed that

farmers. are holding a fair supply of the

grain. The acreage to be planted in the

corn belt promises to be unusually large.

One year ago the price for No. 3 corn

was 651/20. Quotations for the week are:





No. 3



No. 3 Yellow.

Thursday ...... 68 69%,

Friday ................... 631/“, 601/2

Saturday . . ............... 68% 69%

Monday . . . . . . . . .......... 681/2 691/3

Tuesday . . . .................. ...

W'ednesday . ............. 681/2 69





Oats.—There has been but a fraction

of an advance in values. The strength

is largely due to the bullish features ’ot

the wheat trade. Demand was active

most of the week. Receipts are small.

A year ago No. 3 white oats were selling





at 57c. Quotations for the past week are;

No. 3 White.

Thursday . . . . . . . .................. 571/4

Friday . . ........................ 571/2

Saturday . . . . ..................... 571;;

Monday . . . . ...................... 571/2

Tuesday .......................... . .

\Vcdnesday ...................... 575/3





Beans.—N0 life has been injected into

this trade. The prices here have been

moved up a cent. The figures are only

nominal. One year ago the price for

cash beans was $2.25. The nominal quo-

tations for the past week are:





Ca sh. May.





Thursday ...... ...$2.36 $2.41

Friday ........... 2.36 2.41

Saturday .................... 2.3 1 2.41.

llIonday .......... 2.36 2.41

Tuesday .................... .. . . .. . .

\Vednesday ................. 2.36 2.42





CloverseednsAt this time in 1008 cash

seed was commanding $13 pcr bushel.

The activity in the cash department is

waning in that the farmers have their

wants well supplied for seeding purposes,

except for sowing with the out and bar—

ley crops. The lack of snow the past

several weeks and the continued freczing

and thawing has damaged the clover





 





 





plants. Quotations for the week are:

Prime Spot. April. Oct.

Thursday ......... $5.50 $6.15 $3.00

Friday ........... 5.7.0 6.2.3 7.75

Saturday ......... 5.71.3 6.30 .

llonday .......... 13.35 6.25 .

'l‘utn—wlz'i y .......... . . .. . . . . .

\Vcdncsday ...... 33:3 6.25

Barley—Mai k: t .'~‘ rlizl‘ Good quality

selling at fiom 31.;“611 "1 per cwt.

Rye. Market is 1 and ”51'1th light.

Offerings are sn..:.l. The pii’J: :3 55C for





cash No. 2.

Visible Supply of Grain.

This week 1.71:! week.

. _. (.





 





TVheat ............... 1:01; 1.1.1,. 36,412,000

(‘om . _ Mn 1; 7371.000

(tats ................. $4,002.000 9,067,000

Rye .................. 500,000 504,000

Barley ............... 3.31:,000 3,240,000





Flour, Feed, Provisions, Etc.





Flown—Prices are advanced on all

grades. 1 >cmand is strong. Quotations

are as follows:



(.‘lear ................................ $5.75

Straight ............................ 5.90

Patent Michigzrtn ..................... 6.25

Ordinary Patent ..................... 6.00



Hay and Straw.——l’ri0cs unchanged



except an advance of $1 for straw.





Carlot prices on track are: No. 1 timothy,

new, 310506111: No. 2 timothy, 130506110;

clover, mixed, $06110; rye straw, $8@8.50;

wheat and out straw, $7607.50 per ton.



Feed.»—Middling are lower, and meal

and chop highcr. Bran, $28 per ton;

coarse middlings, $2.0; line middlings, $30;

cracked corn and coarse corn meal, $29;

corn and out chop, $27.





Potatoes.h.\l1 large potato markets

continue strong. Offerings are limited





and demand ordinary. Local market is





firm, Good stock is quoted at 8560900

per bu. New Bermudas, $761‘8 per bbl.





Provlsions.—Family pork, $19.506020;

mess pork, $17; light short clear, $18.50;

heavy short clear. $10.50; pure lard, 111/20,

kettle rendered lard, 121/31“; bacon, 13c;

shoulders, 8%0; smoked hams, 13c; picnic

hams, 8%0.



Dairy and Food Products.



Butter.—VVith declines at Elgin and

other large market-s the local trade has

dlopped to a lower basis where dealers





UPIiJE} IMIICIEIIC3£XIQT EPAKIQPVIIEII’





expect a more active business will be

done. Quotations: Extra creamery, 280;

firsts, 260; packing stock, 15c; dairy, 18c.



Eggs.—There is a good supply of eggs

on the market but with the large demand

which always precedes Easter the price

of last week is maintained. Fresh stock

is being quoted at 191/20 per dozen.



Poultry.~—The offerings are fair and

the market is quiet. Prices are un-

changed. Quotations: Dressed chick-

ens, 15@16c; fowls, 14@15c; ducks, 15@

16c; geese, 1261‘13c; turkeys, 206D22c.

Live—Spring chickens, 15@16c; fowls, 14

@150; ducks, 156216c; geese, 10@1lc; tur-

keys, 18@200 per lb.





 





Cheese. Michigan, 1660161/2c; brick,

cream, 171/26018c; schweitzer, 1960200;





limburgcr, June, 15c; Oct., 17c per lb.

Fruits and Vegetables.





Apples.—Market firm. Best grades are

quoted at $5.50@6.50 per bbl. Western

apples in bushel boxes, $3613.75.



Onions—Spanish, $1.30 per bu; home-

grown at 8061850 per bu; Bermudas, $2.75

per crate.



Cabbage.—Home-grown selling at 4c

per lb; new cabbage, $3673.25 per crate.



Vegetables.—~Grccn onions. 15c per doz;

radishes, 25c per doz; cucumbers, $1.25@

1.50 per doz: lettuce, 12c per lb; head

lettuce, $3 per hamper; watercress, 40¢

per doz; spinach. $1 per hamper: pars-

nips, $1 per bu; oyster plant, 4th per doz.





{was MAJEE.





Grand Rapids.



“'heat still goes a kiting, the mills

offering $1.26 for No. 2 rcd this week.

The bean market is also higher, buyers

paying $2.25 for hand-picked stock.

Creamery butter has taken a drop of

3614c since last week. tho dairy stock is

not greatly affected. Eggs are 1/._.c higher.

No great change is noted in potatoes,

stock at outside buying points bringing

around 30c. Local Seed men are offering

farmers $56M} for clover seed and $86119

for alsike. Trade in garden seed is new

active. No change in meats this week.



Quotations follow:



Grains—“heat. $1.26; corn, 680; oats,

55c; buckwheat, 600 per bu; rye, 75c.



Beans—Handpicked, $2.25 per bu.



Butter.—Buying prices, Dairy, No. 1.

21c; No. 2, 160; crea-lnery in tubs, 261,40;

prints, 270.



(‘heese.——1\’Iichigan full cream is selling

at 16617161/20 per lb; brick, 17c; Swiss, 17c;

limburger, 170.



19g s.—-—Case count, 171/2013c.



Apples—New York, $56116 per bbl.



Potatoes—30611350 per bu.



Cattle—Cows, 32.50614 per cwt; steers





 





 





and heifers, best quality, $36M; dressed

mutton, S6100; dressed veal, 661fit~;





dressed bcct‘, cows. 561170; steers and

heifers, 66131/20.

Hogs—Dressed, Slfic.





Live Poultry—Fonds, 121/2@131/2c; young





chickens, 1361140; roosters, 062110c; tur—

keys, 186111.00; young ducks, 13@14c;





geese, 1061>11c: capons, 20611210; broilers,

11.; to 2 lbs., 2861:30c per lb. .





 





New York.

Butter.~—Steady. Creamery specials, 27

0271/;c; western imitation creamery, 200.

Eggs—Firm. Fancy selected white,





21113611220; (10., western storage packed

21%(2



Crain.~\l'heat, No. 2 red, $1.30?.i@

1.311,; corn, No. 2, 77c; oats, mixed, 57

6158C.





l’oullry.~r\live, easy. Chickens. broil—



crs, 25611330 per lb; fowls, 151/2@161/gc;

l>rcssed, quiet. Chickens, 121/30; fowls,

1561151,Qc.





 





Chicago.



\Vheat.—No. 2 red, $1.256?1.30; May,

$1.22; July, 951.08%.



Corn.——No. 3, 661/g@G7l/,c; 677/8;

July, 065,00.



Oats—No. 3 white, 543116115614c; May,

555;,c; July, 4774C.



Buttcr.~St(-ady. 22621280;

dairies, 206125c.





May.





Creamcrics,





Eggs—Steady. Firsts, 190; prime

firsts, 20c.

Potatoes—Steady. Car lots in bulk,





Fancy, QOQDSC pcr bu; ordinary 88@90c.





 





Pittsburq.





POtatOr'f-fi—Iliclz1:111ll, S51 pr-r bu.



Applvs:Steady. lx’ing, $6.27. per bbl;

Sp", Sim/3.7.0; Spilzl-nburg, $5615.50.



luggs—al-‘rr-sh candied. “$2611.00 per

doz: current receipts, 136110c.



Butter.—~ Creamery, fill/11c; prints, 321/20

DC." lb.





 





Elgin.



Butter. Market continues firm at 280

per 1b., which is a dccline of 2c since last

Week. Sales for the week amounted to

445,200 lbs. as compared with 442,700

for the previous week.





 





 





Other Potato Markets.



New York—Per 180 lbs., $2.50@2.75,

which is the same as last week’s quo-

tations.



St. Louis.~Northern stock quoted at

{156107c per bu.



Philadelphia.-—For good offerings, 90@

02c per bu. '





 





, Baston.



“'ool.—Shearing having begun in the

western states dealers here have turned

their attention to the new clip. The

prices being made are generally quite sat-

isfdctory to sellers. Business in the

local market is quiet, the recent trade in

foreign goods having fallen off. The lead-

ing domestic quotations are as follows:

Ohio and Pennsylvania fleeces: XX, 3460

35c; X, 3261*33c; No. 1 washed, 386D39c;

No. 2 washed, 33613.0(“: line unwashed.

236240: half—blood combing, 31c; three-

cighths-blood combing, 31c; three—quar-

tcr~blood combing. 2.06131c. Michigan.





\Visconsin and New York fleeces: Fine

unwaShed. 226r23c: dclaine unwashed,

236P29c: half—blood unwashed, 2.061733%;





three—eighthsblood unwashed, 29c; quar—

ter—blond, 28612llc. .KPnillcky, Indiana

and Missouri: Three-eighths-blood, 29@

30c; quarter-blood, 28@29c.





THE LIVE STOCK MARKETS,





 





Buffalo.



(Special report by Dunning & Stevens,

New York Central Stock Yards,

East Buffalo, N. Y.)



April 5, 1909.

Receipts of sale stock here today as





follows: Cattle, 145 loads; hogs, 12,800;

sheep and lambs, 17,000; calves, 3,000

head.





The cattle market today was very dull

and it was late in the day before much

business was done. All kinds of cattle

sold from 25o30c lower than last Monday

and at the close there are about 25 loads

of good cattle in the yards unsold. The

demand for the good weight cattle is

very light. Bulls were about 500 a hun-

dred lower. Stockers sold a little better





today.



We quote: Rest export steers, $6606.50;

best 1,200 to 1,300 lb. shipping steers,

$550606; best 1.000 to 1,100 lb. shipping

steers, $5.10615.60; best fat cows, $45061)

5; fair to good, $375614; trimmers, $2.50

61.2.75; be.<t fat heifers, $451061 5.50; light

fat hcil'crs, $375604; best bulls, $4.50@

4.75; bologna, bulls, $375614.



The cow market today was fair on the

best cows but slow on the common kinds.



“'13 quote: Best cows, $40@50; med-

ium, $306140; common, $256030.



The hog market ruled fairly active to-

day with the best quality and weights

pretty well cleaned up. There are a few

loads of york weights going over unsold.

Market closed steady and we think the

prospects fair for the balance of the





week.

“'9 quote: Metium and heavy, $7.35

677.40; mixed, $130473}; best yorkers,





$7.25617.35; light yorkers, $7617.15; pigs,

36.6061670; roughs, $6.40’116.50; stags, $5

@1125.



Lambs sold today at the following

prices. \Ye look for low«-r prices the bal-

ance of the week, especially on lambs

weighing around 00 lbs. It was almost

impossible to get a bid on this kind

today. There are about 15 loads of heavy

lambs unsold tonight.



\\'e quote: ’l‘op lambs, $8.40@8.50; fair

to good, $3618.25; culls, $7607.75; skin

culls, 35350111625; ycarlings, $7 607.40;

wethers, $6.50616.75; ewes, 535275617625;

cull sheep, $4605.25; best veals, $9.256?

9.50; medium to good, $71110; heavy, $4





 





@5.50. Best calves closed at $0.25.

Chicago.



April 5, 1909.,

Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.

Received today .....23,000 41,000 25,000

Same day last year ..20,868 38,816 18,389

Received last Week ..4T,072 125,060 65,360

Same week last year.41.705 35,093 60,722





Cattle are still depressed in price when-

ever there is any approach to normal re-

ceipts by the unusually small consumption

of beef is a result of its dearness. For

the same reason the export trade in cat-

tle is unusually small in volume week

after week. Last week there was a weak

undertone to the market most of the

time, and this was apt to extend to good

cattle. Beef steers sold chiefly at a range

of $4.75615.50 for ordinary light—weight

killers and at $650607 for the better class

of heavy shipping beeves, with several

transactions in fancy cattle on Monday

at 37.05.617.35, cattle of this class failing

to show up on other days. The, greater

part of the steers crossed the scales at

11156060670, lots that were called good sell-

ing at 5562561650 and cxporters making

most of their purchases at $6606.50.

Butcher stock was relatively in better

shape than stecrs, with a good demand

for cows and heifers at $3.306?6.25. Can—

ncrs and cutters had a fair sale at $263

3.25, bulls selling at $3615.25. Calves were

active at $3.50618.50 per 100 lb.<., choice

lots ruling higher. There was a moderate

trade in stockers and feeders at $3605.50,

a large part of the sales being at $4605.

As usual, choice fccdcrs Were offered

sparingly and were held too high to stilt

thc idcas of the average stockmen. Live

stock commission firms are advising their

country patrons to avoid the highest—

priccd fccdcrs and to buy the ncxt best

grade. Milch cows 51-11 at $256160 per

head.



Today’s too large supply of cattle

caused an average decline of 1061150. ex-

cept for the best stccrs and heifers.

Prime becvcs were quotable at $7



Jiogs arc gout] property these times,

and ownt-rs who market immature hogs

and healthy pigs are making a great mis-

take. It is pretty well known that coun-

try fced lots hold fewer cattle, hogs and

sheep than usual, and ruling prices for

all these kinds of live stock are high, the

only drawback being decreased consump-

tion of beef, mutton and fresh and cured

hog meats as a result of their unusual

dearncss. The average weight of the

hogs coming to this market is increasing-

lwcckly, and it has risen at last, to 20‘.)

lbs, compared with 201 lbs. a, few weeks

ago, 212 lbs. a Year ago and 226 lbs. two

years ago. Little change is seen in the

ruling features of the hog market at this

time, and there is still rt very firm under—

tone to prices as a result of no over large

supplies and a large demand from eastern

shippers, as well as from the Chicago

packers and butchers. Hog-s are showing

up quite well in quality, and medium

weights are especial favorites, shippers

calling for a good many hogs averaging

around 220 lbs. Prospects appear good

for the future. Little change was seen

today, hogs selling again at $6.65@7, With

light hogs selling at $6.656i‘7.10.



Sheep and lambs have been selling un—

usually well recently, at least so far as

the choicer lots were concerned, for while

the average receipts were apt to be nor-

mal in volume, at no time of late has

there been a sufficient supply of good

fat consignments. Prime w-ooled Colo-

rado lambs have made a new high record

by bringing $3.110 per 100 lbs., the best

price touched since June, 1907. The best

shorn lambs went at $7.25. and the spread

in prices between shorn and wooled flocks

has widened out to $1 61125 per 100 lbs.

A limited number of extra fine 158-lb.

wooled ewes went at $7.25, but such sales

out very little figure, with $6.75 practically

the top for wooled wethers. The first





APRIL 10, 10 ‘9.





spring lambs of the season'arrlved and

sold at $8.75@9 per 100 lbs. They aver-

aged from 54 to 57 lbs. Sheep were a.

little lower today, and lambs were called

15617250 lower, the receipts being largtr

than usual. VVooled lambs sold at $6.50

@825, the best clipped la-mbs selling at

$6.90. VVooled ewes sold at $3606.45,

wethers at $5.606116.75, yearlings at $6.50

@750 and rams at $4605.



Horses that were not especially desir-v

able in quality have sold recently in

qu1te a nuinber of instances $56010 per

head lower, with too many of that class

offered, but high—grade horses sold as

well as ever, with a good general de-

mand. Farm chunks and mares are still

active at $130@175 and upward to $2300

for a few extra choice mares useful for

breeding purposes. Drafters have been

selling very well at $17561‘1225, and now

and then at $250 or even higher. Drivers

are still good sellers at $140@350, while

mules are wanted at 57560200. F.





LIVE STOCK NOTES.





The position of the American provision

trade is rendered much stronger than

usual by the fact that the general dis-

tributive trade pursued a hand-to—mouth

policy during the past winter on account

of. What were regarded as inflated prices

for hog products of all descriptions. This

sentiment prevailed so generally that

hardly any provisions were bot ahead,

and since then they have been compelled

to purchase at further advances. Just

now there is every indication of a good

southern trade, and under all the circum-

stances selling provisions “short” by

speculators does not look like a safe thing

to do. The stocks of provisions in Chi-

cago warehouses on' April 1 stood at 152,-

301,727 pounds, compared with 148,998,356

pounds a month ago and 174,787,420

pounds a year ago.



Word comes from St. Joseph, Mo., that

the feed lots in the territory adjacent to

that market have disposed of most of

their cattle and that that market will

have to depend on Colorado for the bulk

of its cattle supply from now on. Re-

ports come from Kansas that only about

one-third as many cattle are on feed as

a year ago. 'l‘hree-fourths of them will

be marketed in the next fortnight, with

the greater part weighing from 1,300 to

1,500 pounds. Even in Oklahoma the

dearness of feed is causing the stock

feeders to sell their cattle as fast as

market conditions will warrant. It is

stated that fully three-fourths of the

cattle fed in that section have been mar-

keted, and there Will be a serious short-

age of cattle to be fed meal cake or corn

on grass this spring.



After the middle of this month, it is

expected that few Colorado lambs will be

seen in the eastern markets. For several

weeks these lambs have been coming east

in large numbers and have been in ex-

cellent demand at good prices. It is

stated on good authority that Senator

Drake, who put in 30,000 lambs last au-

tumn, will come out with profits of from

50 cents to $1 per head, and this will

more than make good his severe losses of

a year ago. Both sheep and lambs have

been selling extremely well of late in the

lcading markets of the country, with buy-

crs giving a strong preference to wooled

consignments, for wool is a big item

these times. The southern states report

a big “crop” of spring lambs, and re—

ports come from Idaho that March lamb-

ing has been on an unusually large scale.

it). L. Kcrns, of Jersey City, who has

made a recent investigation says: “There

is a big crop of spring lambs in the south

this year. From what I can learn the

increase over last year in the Virginias,

hiaryiaml, Kentucky and Tennessee is 10

to 15 per cent. The quality, however, is

not as good as usual, owing to the lack

of green, succulent feed. \Vcather condi-

tions Were bad all winter, and little wheat

was up even by Christmas because of the

long and blasting dry spell last fall.”



American consumers are making vig-

orous objections to the unusually high

pr‘ces asked for meats in the retail mar—

kets, and consumption of beef, mutton,

bacon, hams, et,c., is Necessarily 'mate-

rially curtailed simply by the inability oi

thousands of families to pay the prices

prevailing. The industrial situation is

ycry far from satisfactory. with sharp

cuts in wages made by the great iron

and steel corporations and other cuts cx-

pectcd. These things stand in the way of

further advances in meats and in live

stock. At the same limc there is a firm

undertone in hogs and shccp, and cattle

are still selling on an average extremely

high as compared with most former

years. The hog market has been in an

extremely poor condition rcccntly, with

scarcely enough hogs markctcd at west-

crn points to meet the pressing require-

ments of the trade. The big bull factor

in the Chicago hog market is still the

large eastern demand for hogs of the bet—

ter class. The eastern sections of the

l'nited States no longer brecd entfligh

bogs for home consumption. and after

the. eastern grown swine are, marketed

the west has to supply great numbers to

make up the deficit.



"\Vhile it is true that there is much

complaint by consumers of the high price

of beef, and while it is also true that

liberal supplies of beef cattle could not

be disposed off at even present prices,

it .is by no means impossible that higher

prices may come thru extreme scarcity

before any considerable number of grass

cattle appear,” says a prominent Chicago

live stock commission firm. “The cattle

fed on cotton—seed meal have about all

been marketed. and the Colorado and

Montana ‘hay-feds’ will go mostly to the

Pacific coast. The weather has been very

dry in Texas, and so the grass cattle

from the southwest may be later than

last year. Then, too, the season of Lent

is over, which may add a little to the

volume of consumption of beef. The

English markets are now at the highest

figures .Vet reached; our quarantined

ports are now all opened, and exporters

are doing some business. All these fac~

tors seem to point to continued good and

perhaps higher prices for the next two

months at least.”





 





 





.. ‘ .‘o—a—Smsw.





.. _..... .1..- .. 22;.-- ..





“f "51-:
. .. - 3‘...“sz





‘W' * ww¥wn gwwn‘





“'4.





. r





APRIL 10. 1909.

"EH-$8 is'THE LAST EDITION.





In the first edition the Detroit Live

Stock markets are reports of last week;

all other markets are right up to date.

Thursday’s Detroit Live Stock markets

are given in the last edition. The first

edition is mailed Thursday, the last edi-

tion Friday morning. The first edition is

mailed to those who care more to get the

paper early than they do for Thursday’s

Detroit Live Stock market report. You

may have any edition desired. Subscrib-

ers may change from one edition to an-

other by dropping us a card to that effect.





DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





 





 





Thursday's Market.

April 8, 1909.

Cattle.





Receipts, 1.207. Market dull and 10@

15c lower than last week.



“’0 quote: Extra dry-fed steers and

heifers, $5.50; steers and heifers, 1,000

to 1,200, $5.25@5.60; steers and heifers,

800 to 1,000, $5625.40; grass steers and

heifers that are fat, 500 to 700, $5; choice

fat cows, $4.50; good fat cows, $4; com-

mon cows, $3603.25; canners, $175402;

choice heavy bulls, $4614.25; fair to good

bolognas, bulls, $4; stock bulls, $3.75;

choice feeding steers, 800 to 1,000, $4.50@

4.75; fair feeding steers, 800 to 1,000,

$46P4.25; choice stockers. 500 to 700, $4.25

@450; fair stockers, 500 to 700, $4; stock

heifers, $3.50; milkers, large, young, med—

ium age, $40@50; common milkers, $25

@35.



Spicer, M. & R. sold Hammond, S. &

Co. 3 butchers av 666 at $3.35, 1 bull

weighing 900 at $4, 5 steers av 760 at

$5.10, 11 butchers av 866 at $3.60, 1 bull

weighing 1,450 at $4, 5 steers av 790 at

$5.10, 6 cows av 991 at $3.75; to Morgan

4 stockers av 492 at $4; to Newton B. Co.

8 steers av 805 at $5.15; to .1. Green _2

bulls av 525 at $3.25, 2 do av 525 at $3.25;

to Kamman B. Co. 20 steers av 994 at

$5.40, 1 cow weighing 1.220 at $4.



Bishop, B. & H. sold (‘aplis 14 steers

av 843 at $5.35, 3 do av 1,256 at .575, 6

do av 911 at $4.50; to Mich. B. Co, 3 cow

and bull av 1,240 at $4.50, 2 cows ay 850

at $3, 1 heifer weighing 630 at $4, 2 steers

av 795 at $5, 2 cows av 950 at $3, 1 do

weighing 950 at $4.50. 1 bull weighing

1,180 at $4; to Kamman B. Co. 15 steers

av 931 at‘$5.25; to Thompson Bros. 6

cows av 1,055 at $4; to Hammond, S. &

Co. 5 do av 1.056 at $4.25, 3 do av 953 at

$3, 8 butchers av 675 at $4.50, 2 do av

625 at $4.50; to Sullivan P. Co. 1 bull

weighing 1,550 at $4.25, 1 do weighing

1,510 at $4, 1 do weighing 1.740 at $4.25;

to H. Greene, 2 cows av 1.055 at $3, 3

do av 853 at $3, 2 do av 1,090 at $3, 3 do

av 1,043 at $3.50; to L. Kull 11 steers av

945 at $5.40, 2 bulls av 1,175 at $4, 2 steers

av 800 at $4.25, 1 bull weighing 1,440 at

$4.50; to Regan 4 steers av 700 at $4; to

Sullivan P. Co. 11 heifers av 773 at $4.75,

1 steer weighing 1.280 at $5.50.



Roe Com. Co. sold Mich. B. Co. 1 cow

weighing 800 at $3.75, 1 do weighing 1,020

at $4, 11 steers av 818 at $5; to W. Kam-

man 4 do av 952 at $5.50; to Fry 8 butch-

ers av 860 at $4.25, 1 cow weighing 860

at: $2.50; to Newton B. Co. 13 steers av

1.077 at $5, 1 cow weighing 880 at $2.75;

to Thompson Bros. 10 heifers av 860 at

$5.15: to W. Kamman 1 do weighing 1,180

at $5, 17 steers av 970 at $5.50.



Spicer, M. & R. sold Caplis 27 butchers

av 710 at $4; to Regan 6 heifers av 360

at $4; to Hammond, S. & C0. 2 cows av

875 at $3.75, 6 butchers av 670 at $4.50;

'. Greene 1 cow weighing 900 at $2.25;

to Morgan 2 stockers av 385 at $3.25.



Stephens sold Thompson Bros. 1 bull

weigl’iing 920 at $3.60, 2 cows av 905 at $4.



Mcrtz sold Fitzpatrick .lros, 5 steers

av 980 at $5.50, 2 heifers av 600 at $4.



Weeks sold same 3 cows av 900 at $3.25.



Groff sold Kull 6 butchers av 716 at $4,

3 steers av 793 at $5.40.



Stephens sold Mich. B. Co. 15 butchers

av 750 at $5.05.





Enger sol-d Hammond, S. & Co. 14

steers av 815 at $5.15.

Axtel sold same 3 steers av 88 at $3,





14 butchers av 1.100 at $3.75.

J. Smith sold same 2 bulls av 1,325



at $4.



“'agner sold Newton 13. (70. 17 steers

av 1,112 at $5.75, 3 do av 680 at $4.50.



McAninch sold Regan 2 cows av 930

at $3.



Veal Calves.





Receipts, 961. Market steady with





“'cdnesday, 25c higher than last 'l‘hurs-

day. Best, $8698.75; others, $4607.50.





Bishop, B. & H. sold Danbowsky 2 av

130 at $8.25, 7 av 120 at $7.50; to Naglc

35 av 135 at $7.75, 2 av 125 at $8.50: to

Parker, W. «St Co. 32 av 120 at $8, 21 av

133 at $8; to Newton 13. Co. 21 av 135 at

$8.25, 2 av 130 at $7.50, 4 av 95 at $5, 20

av 125 at $8.25; to Mich. B. (30.. 33 av 130

at $8.25; to Hammond, S. & Co. 7 av 140

at $8.25; to Caplis 2 av 115 at $7, 5 av

120 at $7.75, 2 av 113 at $7.50, 8 av 150

at $7.75; to Parker, W. & Co. 11 av 120

at $7.75, 8 av 125 at $8, 8 av 115 at $8,

3 av 120 at $7.75, 5 av 150 at $8, 2 av 130

at $8; to Rattkowsky 1 weighing 320 at

$4; to Hammond, S. & Co. 6 av 100 at

$5,211 av 140 at $8.25, 14 av 135 at $8.50,

5 av 140 at $8, 3 av 150 at $9.50, 5 av 125

at $8.50; to Parker, W. & (‘0, 7 av 175

at $8.75.



Roe Com. Co. sold Thompson Bros. 8

av 120 at $7, 25 av 130 at $8.50, 2 av

150 at $7.



Spicer, M. & R. sold Dau‘mbowsky 9

av 127 at $6.25, 4 av 220 at $4; to Mich.

1).. Co. 8 av 115 at $7.25; to Sullivan P.

(‘o. 27 av 125 at $6490: to McGuire 9 av

110 at $7.65: to Nagle 5 av 150 at $6, 40

av 135 at $8. _



Axtel sold Sullivan 1 weighing 100 at

$6.50, 6 av 115 at $6-50- _



Robb sold same 5 av 165 at $1.75.



Torrey sold same 14 av 125 at $7.75.



Kendall sold same 15 av 140 at $8.



McAninch sold Hammond, S. & Co.

18 av 135 at $7.25, 2 av 260 at $3.50.



Dwelle sold Burnstine 28 av 135 at $7.50.



Bradley sold McGuire 2 av 125 at $7.50.



Mertz sold Fitzpatrick Bros. 5 av 115

at $5, 22 av 125 at $7.50. H



Groff sold same 15 av 127 at $l.70.





THE MicHIGAN, FARMEF





Carmody sold Newton B. Co. 1 weighing

150 at $8.



Mayer sold same 3 av 140 at $7.50, 1

weighing 140 at $6.



Weeks sold Parker, W. & Co. 4 av 115





at $6.75.

Stephens sold Mich. B. Co. 4 av 120

at $7.50 .

Long sold Nagle 6 av 150 at $8.

Sheep and Lambs.





Receipts, 3,049. Market steady with

Wednesday, 15c lower than last Thurs-

day. Best lambs, $7.75@8.10; fair to good





lambs, $7697.50; light to common lambs,

$650617; yearlings, $6@6.75; fair to good

sheep, $5.50@6; culls and common, $3.50

@4; clips, $6@6.85.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Sullivan P. Co.

104 lambs av 80 at $7.75, 37 do av 65 at

$7, 12 do av 90 at $6; to Mich. B. CO. 83

do av 78 at $7.75; to Parker, W, & Co,

5 sheep av 60 at $6. 150 lambs av 83 at

$8; to Newton B. CO. 1 buck weighing

150 at $2.50, 2 sheep av 130 at $4, 9 lambs

av 75 at $7; to Hammond, S. & C0. 21

clip lambs av 80 at $6.75, 13 do av 75 at

$6.75, 2 sheep av 115 at $4.50; to Nagle

441 lambs av 83 at $8, 199 do av 80 at

$7.90, 160 do av 90 at $7.85, 40 sheep av

125 at $5.50; to Fitzpatrick Bros. 21 do

av 120 at $5, 50 lambs av 82 at $7.80: to

Newton B. Co. 1 sheep weighing 110 at

$5, 5 lambs av 73 at $7, 86 do av 90 at

$8; to Fitzpatrick Bros. 1 buck weighing

210 at $5, 93 lambs av 92 at $8. 7 sheep

av 105 at $5.50; to Mich. R. Co. 60 lambs

av 80 at $8.10; to Young 37 d0 av 90 at

$8, 23 do av 90 at $7; to Hammond, S. &

Co. 64 clip lambs av 85 at $6.90.





Carmody sold Eschrich 57 lambs av

73 at $7.70.

Mayer sold Fitzpatrick Bros. 8 sheep





av 88 at $5, 34 lambs av 75 at $6.80.

Groff sold Thompson Bros. 6 sheep av

130 at $5.25, 28 lambs av 80 at $7.50.





Henderson sold Newton R. Co. :20 clip

lambs av 73 at $6.50.

Roe Com. Co. sold Thompson Bros. 9





lambs av 82 at $7.50.



Axtel sold Sullivan P. Co, 13

av 75 at $6.50.



McAnlnch sold Greene 3 lambs av

at $7, 2 sheep av 110 at $3.50,



Spicer. M. 8; R. sold Mich. R, Co. 6

clip sheep av 130 at $4.75; to Fitzpatrick

Bros. ‘14 lambs av 75 at $6.75, 1 buck

weighing 130 at $3.50; to Thompson Bros.

22 lambs av 60 at $7.65, 2 sheep av 90

at $5; to Eschrich 43 mixed av 55 at $1.50.



Robb sold Nagle 2 sheep av 120 at $5,

20 'clip lambs av 60 at $6.40.



G. J. Smith sold same 232 lambs av 83

at $7.85,



Long sold same 24 clip lambs av 85

at $6.75, 5 clip sheep av 90 at $5, 4 do

av 135 at $3.50.





lambs





72





Hogs.



Receipts, 4,557. Market 1542250 higher

than last Thursday.

Range of prices:



ers, $115411?

ers, $6.606i‘6.7'





Light to good butch-





.i’

o; slugs, 1;; off.



Spicer, 1V1. & R. sold Hammond, S. &

Co. 284 av 170 at $7.15, 67 av 171 at $7.20,

174 at 172 at $7.25.



Sundry shippers sold same 389 av 100

at $7.25, 3 av 160 at $7.15, 173 av 156 at

$7.20, 59 av 181 at $7.10.



Bishop, B. & H. sold same 230 av 180

at $7.15.



Roe Com. Co. sold same 60 av 150 at

$7.25, 27 av 210 at $7.20, 2:.\’ av 130 at $6.75.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Parker, \V. 6’: Co.

256 av 170 at $7, 1,071 av 190 at $7.25.

796 av 180 at $7.20.



toe Com. Co. sold same 43 av 160 at

$7.10.



Sun-dry shippers sold Sullivan P. Co.

110 av 185 at $7.25, 130 av 127 at $6.80,

146 av 175 at $7.15, 85 av 190 at $7.30, 173

av 168 at $7.20.





 





April 2, 1909.





Cattle.

Receipts, 41. Market steady at Thurs-

day’s prices.





We quote: Extra dry-fed steers and

heifers, $5.6(ML5.75; steers and heifers,

1,000 to 1,200, $5.356r5.75: sxcms and hell'-

ers, 800 to 1,000, $5.25’i15,5tl; stccrs and

heifers that are fat, 500 to 700, $5605.25;

choice fat cows. $450015: good fat COWs,

$1514.25; common cows, $3013.50; winners.

$1.75m2.25; choice heavy bulls, $4611





4.50: fair to good bolognas, bulls, $4; stock ,





bulls, $4; choice feeding steers, 800 to‘

1,000, $4.50m-i.75; fair feeding stcers, 800

to 1,000, $4014.25; choice stockei's, 500 to

700, 854250450; l‘air stockcrs, 500 to 700,

$4; stock heifers, $3.50714; milkers, large,

young, medium age, $150155; common

milkors, $30M 10.





llishop, l}. & ll. sold Hammond, S. &

Co. 2 steers av {N} at $5.25.



Same sold Brcsnahan 2

at $3.25.



Same solid Thompson 3

at 5.60.





steers av 1,020





Veal Calves.





Receipts, 60. Market 25c higher tllan‘

on ’l‘hursday.

Best, $7.75fi2850; others, $4157; milch





cows and springers steady,



Bishop, 1%. & II. sold Hrcsnahan 15 av

140 at $8.50, 2 av 100 at $5, 2 av 90 at $5,

10 av 1.35 at $8.50.



Same sold Markowitz 4 av 190 at $5, 6

av 150 at $8.50.



Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts, 7. Market steady at Thurs-

day’s prices; quality Common.



Best lambs, $8: fair to good IambS,

$7.25m775; light to common lambs, $6007;





yearlings, $650607; fair to good sheep;

$4606; culls and common, $30114.





Bishop, B. & H.

av 85 at $8.05.





sold Nagle 227 lambs





Hogs. -

Receipts, 353. Market steady at Thurs-

day's prices.



Range of prices: Light to good butch—

ers, $600607; pigs, $6fi‘6.25; light yorkcrs.

$6.50Qi‘675; stags, 1/3 off.



Lucke sold Parker, 1V. & Co. 81 av

185 at $7.



Bishop, B. & H.

190 at $7.



Same sold Sullivan 21 av 160 at $6.60.

58 av 130 at $6.50. 26 av 125 at $6.40.



Same sold McDonald 21 pigs av 115

at $6.25.





sold same 155 av





, pigs, $6616.40; light york-i





hcifer.s av 665,





ADDITIONAL VETERINARY.





Poison—I have lost four or five ewes

each year, out of flock of about 125, from

not lambing at DI‘OD'T time. Lambs were

no doubt dead before ewes had them.

These ewes lingered along from four to

Six days, suffering from an offensive wat—

ery discharge from vagina. In a few

cases I have taken lambs away, but ewes

die just the same. ()ne of my best ewes

is now Sick and I have lost three already.

W. _ G., Mention, Mich—Ewes die, from

septic poison; no matter how well they

are taken care of or who treats them,

they will sometimes die. (live each sheep

five drops creosote in a teaspoonful sweet

011 three times a day; dissolve .1 oz. sul-

fate zinc in 3 (its. tepid water and use

for washing out vagina and uterus twiCo

a day.

hose or with a. fountain syringe.

tar disinfectant one part in 30 parts

water will also answer the purpose very

well.



Dropsy—JX'ai-bles. —— Fourteen-year-old

horse seems out of condition; eats plenty

but fails to digest food. I judge this is

the. case, for 1 notice corn and oats

pass him whole. Had his teeth floated

about four weeks ago but this has not

helped him. Also have a yearling Steer

on whose. back I find a lot of bunches the

size of a small hickory nut; they seem

to ’hurt him. F. F. (1., Ft'iwlcrvillc. Mich.

——Feed home ground feed; cut his hay

or fodder and give him a tablespoonful

fluid extract gentian, a tablespoonful

fluid extract cinchona and a teaspoonful

Fowlers solution at a dose three times a

day until he gets in good condition. The

steer has warbles or grubs in back. See

treatment for grubs in another part of

this department.



Indigestion—Ten~ycar—old gelding has'

always been healthy until a month ago.

First, I noticed his belly was swelled to

an unusually large size; it seems not to

go down. His appetite is poor, sheath is

swollen, water slant and high colored.

eyes are dull and is very dumpish. His

coat is rough, and he has not lain down

for some. time; when exercised his wind

gives out. I have fed mostly clover hay.

outs and corn. Consulted a Vet, who

floated his teeth, but it has failed to

help him. D. C G., Grand Ledge, Mich.

—Give 20 grs. calomel two or three times

a week for two “'H‘ks; also give 1 dr.

pmvdcred buchu, 2 drs. rosin, 1/3 oz.

ground gontian at a dose in feed two or

three times a day. Feed some vegetables

and, if the bowels are not loose enough,

give a pint of law linseed oil every day

or two until they open.





7 I Make the Best Scale 0314:2131}





 





 





Andlcan prove it. Forty-five years ago I

commenced selling scales to the user letting

him haves. free trial and never asking a cent

' in return until he had found that. my scale

was exactly as represented. I have pat-

ented the only reliable PITLESS STOCK

'CALE. complete with steel frame, com-

, pound beam and beam box without extra

charge, sold at a fair price. My scale is

not cheapest, but BEST. I will send you

lulliniormation. a scale on approval or

book, “Reasons for Owning 3 Scale" if you

address “JOKES lie Pay: The Freight.”

1‘23 C St. BINGHAMTON. N. Y.





BEST for PRICE. All heights, all sizes

Special high grade Steel. EASY Io ERECT.

ALW’AYS TIGHT. Springs in lateral

Wire contract when cold, expand when

warm. NO REPAIRS. op wires,

cross bars prevent. destruction. Gates, all

kinds. Free Catalog.

Cleveland Fence «In Win Co.

Dept. 8. Cleveland. Ohlo





WIRE FENCE





1' HAY &. GRAIN "'





We want to hear from Ihippon of Bay and Grain—0n!

direct «twice to large consumer-I in thin district unable-

ul to get top pricel for good Ihlpmontl. Liberal ad-

vnncu to con-ignon.





Daniel McCaiircy's Sons (10.. Pillsbury Pa

Rol.—thlnston Ial’l Bank. quuunc Ill’l Bank





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 





Dr. Dorset of the Department





You can

POSITIVELY PREVE





spoonful to the gallon of slops once

worms.





   





Accept no substitute. 1





 





 





A‘ND DlSlN FECTANT





 





This is best done thru a rubber?

Coal .‘





ported has discovered a sure cure for cholera. Good, but wouldn’t

you rather prevent cholera than take the chances of curing it?





OTHER FATAL LIVE STOCK DISEASES



by the timely use of Hygeno Dip and Disinfectant. A small quantity di-

luted With water, makes astrong, non-poisonous solution that will give

you absolute security against cholera, swine plague, etc.





cure for

scabs, mange, eczema,





Sample sent free for the asking.





The Hygeno Disinfectant 00.,





830 Euclid Ave., Cleveland,

Ohio





rot, etc. Sold by dealers: if 7/4/14

“SYOIX'S can‘tbisupgly £0111,3 wine t3 fig;

. va ua e co / .

00 an . 5/;



i





(19)





431





gIt Never Slps !





 

 

   





Ono Ian

0.0m".

! Stretches all kinds of wire to the last post. The

l harder you pull tho tighter it. grips. Smooth jaws,

cannot. cut. or injure the wire. ()n and mi like a

pair of tongs.





STAPLE PU LER on earth. Drive hooknn-





der staple, lift. lightly and out; it comes. Ry

mail, 25c. Both tools by expr. prepaid, $1.25.





lever Slip Wire Stretcher 60., West Farminntnn, Ohio





FARMS AND FARM LANDS

FOR SALE 0R EXBHANEE





WE SELL LAND and require no payment exceyt

interest and taxes until end of third year.

FLINT LAND COMPANY, Limited, Flint, Mich.

Good buildings. 23“

50-Acre Farm For Sale. m“... mm, mm:

GEORGE J. ANDREWS. New Baltimore, Mich.,R.1,

“I ASHTENAW County and other

' State what you want when wrltfarms TOT 8a“

mg. The Ypsilanti Agency Co.. Ypsilanti, Mich

FOR SALE—Exclusive bottleing dairy

business in town 3,000. 808..

farm. 30 cows. 2 silos, cement block stable, 60 gal.

daily. W. H. BOARDMAN, Vassar, Mich.





Llfruii, Grain and Stock Farms {35.323





0. Write C. W. Morgan. bllollly, Mich. for lists.





 

     





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





LOOK. Fine forms for sale Cheap. Semi for

‘ - full list. Great Bargains. Don’t Delay.

' EDWARD WILCOX, North Adams, Mich.





GREAT BARGAIN. litfi°i$i€$$r§$2$§$lkiii

good orchard, level and easily worked, helrshlp





property and must be sold. In Leelanau County.

Mich.. address A. E. WILLARD, Empire, Mich.





when you can buy



_ the Beat Land in



Michigan at from



.6 to .10 an acre



near Saginaw and Bay City. Write for map and par

tlculara. Clenrtltle and any terms. BTAFFELD B30!"





(owners) 15 Merrill bldg., Saginaw. W. 8.. Mich.





Michigan Lands





SEND for my free 32-psge illustrated booklet and

map of the Dempsey Lands In Mason and

Lake Counties, Michigan; unexcelled for general

farming and sheep and cattle raising. Best land at

) lowest prices in Michigan. Easy terms.





J. E. MERRITT, Mauistee, Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





FARMERS, ATTENTION!





WESTERN OAIIAOA

THE WORLD’S ORAIIARY AND

LAND OF OPPORTUNITIES





Exceptionally low Settlers' rates. For particulars

and printed matter. write

A. E. EDMONDS. D. P. A., Canadian Pacific Ry..

DETROIT. MICH.





FARMS.



60 acres—2V2 miles from town; 5 acres timber;

140 rods of wire fencesfl room house, basement barn

32x42, painted; wind mill. water In house and

ba 1' u ............................................................. $3, 000



An Ideal Farina] 60 acres—On the electric

line: 20 miles from Detroit; every building in A-l con-

dition; 10 acres timber; 20 acres apple orchard; 2 acres

peaches, pears and cherries; well fenced; over $7,000

of buildings; 2 houses, horse barn, cow barn, sheep



, barn, etc., ......... , ............................................... a 17,600

x 200 acres—1% miles from town; 350 rods wire





 





fences; 60 acres second growth timber; 8-room house



in line condition; tenant house: basement barn 32x98



, two cupolas. workshop and granary ............... $7.500



1 am Headquarters for Michigan Farms, and have

over 1500 choice ones listed.



Semi for catalog of our ex0eptlonal bargains.

“FARM HEADQUARTERS”

CHAS. l). FISK E.



714 L‘hnlnlier of Commerce.



I Detroit, Mich.





 





of Agriculture, it is re-





   

 





NT IT AND ALL





 

   

   

 





A table‘

a week will rid your hogs of all

It is quickest and surest

lice, mites, ticks,

foot-





 

   

   

 

 





 

 





   

 

 





 

 

 

 

 





 

   





\





\\\\\k\‘1\\\\\“\\\\\





s





 

 

 





 





\\





 

 





,3





   





.n’
482 (20)





VYYVYYYVVYYVYYYYYVYVVYVY





EHOME MOUTH:





AAAAAAAAAAAAAA-LAAAAAA‘A‘A‘.





WHAT GRANDMA KNEW OF EASTER

TIME.





 





 





 





 





BY CORA A. MATSON DOLSON.





Our Grandma told us lots of things

(if Easter long ago;



How angels came with shining wings

And robes as white as sonw.





They rolled the cruel stone away

That hid our Christ from sight;



And that is why glad Easter Day

Follows the Lenten Night!





But Grandma went to sleep last May,

Herself, with hair like snow,



And all the things she used to say

Seem long and long ago.



I wish. when Easter time comes round

And Easter lilies flower,



Angels would call her from the

To stay with Us one hour.





ground





I’d rather hear what Grandma knows

Of Easter, than to wear



Of all, in church, the prettiest clothes

\Vith diamonds in any hair!





 





KITTY’S EASTER OFFERING.





RY FRANK II. SXVEET.





The shade was grateful. for the Sep-

tember sun was unseasonably warm.

\Vith a sigh of weariness, .l.ou settled





herself in a corner of the broad ctniscrva-

tol‘y steps and drew her crutch out of

the Way of the laughing groups of stu-

dents, passing in and out. Across the

street, the dusty trees of the park stood

glorified in the web of golden sunlight

cast about them. They were vastly more

attractive as a resting place than the

hard step, one would think, yet this

was the child‘s favorite haunt.



There was, in her mind, good reason

for it. From the open windows above

floated out the sounds of music, to mingle

with the city‘s roar.



So familiar had grown the poor little

twisted form, with the patient child face

above it, that her presence occasioned

no surprise among the gay students, and

many smiled a friendly greeting.



From the nearest window sounded the

tones of a violin, and. as the bustle out-

side grew less, the music became pro—

portionally louder. Pretty Katherine

Beaeham was struggling with the second

lesson of the term.



The little lady was not in the sweetest

of moods. She looked upon a violin les-

son, so soon after the glorious freedom

of a summer vacation, as an imposition.

The summer's outing had stolen from her

some of the skill of her fingers, which

stubbornly refused to obey orders.



“Uh, no! It not so, mees! You

do not attention pay!" I-Ierr Krebs

groaued. his patience almost exhausted.



Kitty pursed her rosy lips a little de-

fiantly, and attacked the offending ca-

denza once more—a rosy danger—signal

in her cheeks and an angry sparkle in

the brown eyes.



Again the lingers tripped on the troub-





got-s





lesomc lingering, while the last note

scraped most dolefully.



Ilerr Krebs shrugged his shoulders as

he settled his violin in plaet. The little

(."t‘nlltvlllplHolls gesture did not escape

Miss Kitty's sharp err-s. She listened

.‘:llglil_\' while the Tamils-or played the

Dussagw skillfully.



“It is not so hard! Now you will vonce

lilflli' play and do not loek around your

rim llslvl f"



This was tl.»- Inst show. Kitty banged

the cx'crcisc book ioacthr: and unscrewed

her bow with vigor.



"It’s no use. llwrr Krebs. I cannot

play it, so I‘ll go home."



Ile smiled a little scornfully. “You

yill play me the same lesson Thursday.

Goot afternoon."



He bowed low. with sarcastic polite-





ness, as 'he held the door open.





As Kitty rushed angrily down the

steps, the little crutch lay in her way.

Will] her foot she sent it spinning into





Then she went to rccchr it,

and brot it back to the startled owner.

It was the work of a moment. but in

that moment her anger had taken flight.



“I’m so sorry!" said Kitty. “I hope

I 'have not hurt it.”



She looked anxiously into Lou’s startled

blue eyes.



“Oh, not at all!” Lou exclaimed,

eagerly, a wave of color rushing up to

the brim of her old brown hat. She was

overpowered with delighted surprise that

this pretty girl should speak to her. “It

is very strong—and anyway, it has to

be,” she said, with a little sigh.



Kitty was much embarrassed, but she

made no move, towards going.



I should think you would find the stone





the street.





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





steps hard to 'sit upon,“ said Kitty.

“Don’t you like the park?” She looked

across to where -the fountain leaped in

the sun.



“Yes, but there’s the music here.” Lou

suddenly realized that she had been

eavesdropping, for she had 'heard more

than the music. “How you must enjoy

it!” she added, hastily.



Five minutes before, Kitty had thot

she did not enjoy it. The girl’s earnest-

ness brot out the real truth in her an-

swer: “Yes, I (lo—more than anything

else. But perhaps you wouldn’t think

so if you had heard me quarrelling with

my teacher~0r did you hear?” she ad-

ded, quickly, noting the open window

and the conscious look in her new friend's

eyes.



Lou blushed. “I'm so

couldn't help hearing.

so loud.”



“It was only a specimen of my naughty

temper." Kitty said, and laughed to

cover her confusion. “It makes me a.

great deal of trouble, especially with my

music—for one needs all onc's patience

in that. But he was aggravating!"



“Is it the teacher with the light hair

and kind eyes? He looks so tired, these

warm days, after giving 50 many lessons.

But I shouldn‘t think you would mind

it. when you play so beautifully.”



The girl here extended her hand car-

essingly toward the ViOIin case.



"Would you like to play the violin?”

asked Kitty, absently. IIer conscience

smote her at the thot of the wearisome

round of lessons Ilerr Krebs had to en-

dure. She nodded to a girl who passed

in at that unomcnt. It was Miss Jack-

son, whose hour followed her own, and

against whom Kitty had conceived a.

jealous prejudice.



“I Couldn‘t play it," said Lou, her voice

trembling. “Since I hurt my back I

cannot do much anyway."



“Oh, forgive ‘lllt‘l I didn’t think what

I was saying,” cried Kitty, remorsefully.

“To tell the truth, I was thinking of my





sorry, but I

Your voices were





rudeness to Herr Krebs. (‘ould I leave

my violin with you a moment?" .

The girl took it eagerly, and Kitty





hastened back into the cool hall, fearing

that her courage would not hold out until

she reached Herr Kreb‘s room. Why

had she not gone back before Miss Jack-

son arrived? She knocked hastily. If

only Herr Krebs would come to the door!

No, it was Miss Jackson’s wondering

eyes that she saw, and, beyond, the cool

surprise of her teacher.



“I hope you will pardon my rudeness

this afternoon, Herr Krebs,” said Kitty.

“Indeed, I am much ashamed of myself."



Kitty stood, very heated and shame-

faced, before the astonished teacher.



“My dear Mees Kitty, don’t mention

it! I, too, should apologize that I haf so

little patience,” replied Herr Krebs. He

bowed to her as she withdrew, with a.

very different air from that. which he had

used so short a time before.





When Kitty reached the door once

more, Lou was adjusting her crutch. The

afternoon was waning, and her mother





would soon return from her day’s sew-





ing. She started down the street with

Kitty at her side. As she walked, Lou

told something of the cruel accident





which had crippled her in her early child-

hood. and which was slowly sapping her

strcng h.



“You must come to see line," said

Kitty. “and I will play to you as much

as you like. Perhaps you will come next

Thursday after my lesson; I should be

yo'ry glad to have you!”



“Oh! I should like to so much! If I

am able to be out I will wait upon the

steps. Sometimes the pain is so sharp

that I cannot sit up."



\\'hen Thursday came, Lou was at her





post, and Kitty led her in triumph to

her mother, whose kind lit-art went out

“to the shy girl.





This was the beginning of many happy

days for Lou. (“urlcd ill a corner of the

music room, she would listen while Kitty

played to her mother‘s accompaniment

on the piano. Things went better in the

lame girl‘s poor home, for Kitty's en-

thusiasm led her to many sacri-

ficcs of her time and pleasure in Lou’s

behalf.



The winter came and passed. Lou’s

admiration spurred Kitty to greater ef-

forts, and IIerr Krebs was astonished at

his pupil‘s progress.



Mrs. Beacham sat before the library

fire one blustering March evening, wait—

ing for her daughter. Her th‘ots were

upon Lou, who, in spite of loving care,

grew weaker every day.



Kitty came in, rosy and breathless

from her walk in the wind.



“How did you find her?”





make





“I’m afraid she is not so well, mamma.”.

Kitty curled herself upon the rug and

settled her head comfortably against her

mother’s knee. “What did Dr. Loomis

say? Surely, she will be better when

the warmer days come.”



“I’m afraid, my dear, that little Lou

will never be better.” Mrs. Beacham

stroked her daughter’s brown hair lov-

ingly, her heart full of pity for the other

mother .who was trying to look bravely

upon a coming grief.



Kitty was silent. A lump rose in her

throat, and the fire glistened thru her

tears. ‘



“Dr. Parker was here this afternoon,"

said her mother presently. “He wished

much to see you. The committee are

arranging the Easter program. Miss

Stafford is to sing, and Dr. Parker wishes

you to play the violin obligate.”





 





“Mamma!” Kitty sat upright on the!

rug, with an incredulous face. “Of





course you told him it was impossiblel',’:



“I told him you must decide.” 1



“But, mamma—to play in church before i

the people I have known all my life! Oh!

it would be impossible!"



“I objected to the prominence it would

give you, but the doctor said it could be:

arranged so that you need not be visible,

and none need know who was playing:

The doctor was very urgent; he had seen ‘

Herr Krebs, who told him you were fully

capable of accompanying Miss Stafford.

I thot, idear,” she said, as she looked

down into Kitty's troubled eyes, “that

you might make it your Easter offering."



All thru the evening Kitty sat in a

brown study which her mother did not

disturb. Kitty was having a. struggle

with herself. It was quite a different:

matter to play in the conservatory re»r

citals; she had grown accustomed to

those. But the church, with its great:

arches, its solemn-toned organ, its pulpit j

wreathed and hidden with masses of

Easter bloom, and, ringing over and thru

it all, Miss Stafford‘s pure voice with its

undercurrent of sadness! Kitty could

hear and see it all. She always felt the;

tears spring when Miss Stafford sang;

how could she venture to support that

glorious voice to weave about it the

tender notes of her instrument. But

what was it that mamma had said about

an Easter offering? 3



l





 





After Kitty had gone to ‘her room for?

the night, Mrs. Beac‘ham heard her calling, 1

softly, in the hall: “If you think it best,

and Herr Krebs says I am competent,

why, mamlna, I will try,” she said.



Now that she grew accustomed to the;

idea it did not seem such a trial; and.‘

when the rehearsals began, and Miss

Stafford praised hcr accompaniment, she

played with a feeling of elation. Her

Easter offering bade fair to be no sacri-

fice at all, but a gratification.



Of all this Lou heard nothing. Each

morning found her so tired, with the pain

of the night, that she no longer made an

attempt to hobble about the two small

rooms, but lay quietly, matching the

slowly moving clouds above the opposite

chimney-tops, or the sickly sunbeams

which flickered over the gay quilt.



Her bright hours were those in which





 





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Kitty, perched on the bedside, played

softly the music Lou loved so well, or

when Mrs. Beaeham cheered her with

her sweet presence, always bringing

some dainty surprise for the little invalid.



Yet Lou knew that life was slipping

fronl her grasp. She could read it in

her mother's sad eyes, and in her soft

sobbing when night came down.



Easter morning was as bright as even

an Easter nmorning can be. To Kitty's

eager eyes, as she peeped thru the soft

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already balmy with a breath of spring.

The parks were decked in their bravery

of early hyacinths, and tulips thrust up

glowing cups to greet the dawn. The

churches would be well filled on such a

day, and Kitty’s heart gave a little bound

of excitement.



Coming down the wide stairway, in her

soft gray dress, with the golden light

from the stained glass behind her, Herr

Krebs that her a most winning sight.



“\Vhy, good morning, I'Ierr Professor!”

cried Kitty, as she ran down the remain-

ing stairs. “How good of you to come

and screw up my courage! Are these

for me?”



YVith a quaint little bow the musician

handed her a cluster of blue Violets. “It

is a bit of the spring itself,” she said.

and buried her nose in the flowers.



“Ah, mees, I have the hope that you

do not feel timid. Dere is no need! ]

am not timid for you.” He beamed

broadly upon his promising pupil.



“Oh, I have only a. little scary feeling,





 





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V' last evening, and all went wellr Yes,





APRIL 10, 1909.‘

I ,practiced‘ very hard,





Emily, what is it?” she added, as a ser-

vant came near.



“The-mother of your little friend was

here early, Miss Katherine, and asked to

see yOu. She told me to tell you, when

you came down, that Lou is failing very

fast and asks constantly for you. I

asked her to stay, miss, until she had

seen you, but she did not dare to wait a

moment."



“Oh, mammal Did you hear?

haven’t been there for two days!

so busy With this music!”



Kitty turned helplessly to her mother,

who appeared in the doorway. “What

shall I do? The first bells will ring in

half an hour. Dr. Parker told me to come

early, but there is Lou watching for me!”



Ifnty stood in the Tnhhfle of the ham,

looking up at the golden glory from the

window on the stairs. Her mother and

Herr Krebs watched her anxiously, for

there were signs of an inward struggle

on her face.



Ambition and inclination drew her

strongly in one direction; in the other,

a pale, wasted, childish face, with its

patient blue eyes, appealed to her. She

knew how wistfully those eyes would

watch the door, and how the quick ear

would listen for a fotostep which did

not come.



With a quick throb of her heart she

felt that here was the offering that she

must make; not of talent, where an ad-

miring congregation should smile its ap-

proval, but the same gift of sweet har-

mony to soothe the anguish and gladden

the heart of one of the Master’s “little

ones."



Thrusting out her hands quickly, as if

putting away the dream that this day

was to realize, Kitty bravely made her

sacrifice.



“Mamma,” she said,





And 1

I was





“it would never





do to let Lou wait so long. You will

not be disappointed, will you? Miss

Jackson will take my place; she has





played the same obligato many times at

the conservatory. There is time to let

her know. I think she will be willing.”

Kitty flew up the‘ stairs.

For a moment Herr Krebs and Mrs.

Beacham looked silently at each other.





“You are disappointed, I fear,” said

Mrs.-Beacham, “but Kitty has chosen

rightly. Do you think the matter can

be arranged?”



“I vill play it myself, as a substitute.

Mees Kitty is a goot girl!”



When Mrs. Beachamnnd Kitty reached

Lou’s home they found her propped up

with her head upon her mother’s shoulder.

A change had come, and the great eyes

were filled with new meanings. She

smiled faintly.



“I knew—you’d——come,” she whispered.

“Play—once more!"



Kitty did play, as her mother had

never heard her play before. Tears filled

the brown eyes, but the fingers did'not

falter, nor the hand tremble that drew

the bow across the answering strings.



There was a slight rustle in the room.

Mrs. Beacham softly laid her hand upon

the strings. Startled. Kitty looked up,





and read the truth in the agonized face“





of Lou’s mother. _



The sunshine fell upon the pale face,

the shining hair, the closed eyes. Lou

had gone to the Father, taking-With her

Kitty’s Easter offering.





SIGNIFICANCE OF EASTER.





 





 





BY CAR‘BJE SP HUMANN.





 





To most people Easter has only a tra-~

ditional importance or significance. A

great many years ago Christ rose from

the dead. This miraculous event as it

is called, has been commemorated ever

since by the observance of Easter Sun-

day. With s-ome people it is a more

sacred occasion than George Washington’s

birthday, but with the Christian world

it is simply a day held in remembrance

on account of a most exceptional expe-

rience. With worldly people it means a

new dress or bonnet, or perhaps both.



All nature is expected to smile at

Easter time and it usually fulfills our

hopes, alt‘ho the wind may blow a little

sharply, disarranging our feathers and

preventing the fullest realization of pleas—

ure in our new promenade costumes. A

bright, pretty girl was asked. “What does

Easter mean to you?" S'he replied, “It

means the “loveliest clothes of all the

year and very often it means a horrible

disappointment, for sometimes it is so

cold I can’t wear them. But it is great

fun buying and having them made up

anyway." It doesn’t occur to her that





Easter stands for the resurrection of the

Savior. -



At this period of the year the whole

world holds a thot of change. The trees

and shrubs are putting forth their best

efforts for the beauty of the summer to

come, the flowers are getting their colors

in order, the keen wind is softening and

everything external that the eye can see

is arousing to new life and power.



There are many customs and cere-

monies peculiar to Easter that have al-

most entirely died out and many have

been forgotten. The most common and

therefore the one most likely to be re-

membered is the use of the Easter egg.

This custom is of very ancient origin.

It has been traced back to the early

Egyptians, Greeks, Persians and Gauls.

The egg was regarded by all these na-

tions as the origin of life and was used

to symbolize the revival of life in the

spring.



Almost every nation has a custom pe.

culiarly its own relating to Eastertide.

In Germany the children build nests on

Easter eve for the Easter rabbit, (which

is supposed to come in the night and lay

eggs), and they are very proud of the

beautiful eggs found in the nest next

morning. Here are a few lines relating

to the rabbit which are familiar to most

German children:





Mr. Rabbit sits with his specs on his nose

Painting Easter eggs With his toes;

Little he knows and little he cares;

Sunshine or shadow. he’ll finish his wares.

Then he gives them away, just as he

should,



To boys and girls who are always good.

Then away he bobs to the forest green

And Mr. Rabbit is no more seen,



llntil Easter again is at our door,

Then he’ll return to his work once more.





Even today in some parts of France

the priest visits the homes of the people

on Easter Sunday and in return for bless-

ings bestowed receives colored eggs. In

Italy after i'lie eggs have been colored,

they are taken to the church to be blest.

A custom so time—honored and popular

cannot fail of recognition oven in these

busy 20th century times by those who have

a proper regard for tradition. Even at

the White House, the home of the pres-

ident of our nation, Easter day is remem-

bered and celebrated where some of the

more favored children play at the ancient

game of egg rolling. So it comes about

that, altho there is no longer any re-

ligious significance attached to it, in nine-

tenths of the homes of today on Easter

Sunday the egg is given due prominence,

especially at the family table.



The Easter ti-me typifies new life and

renewed activity. We need no longer

shut the freshness from our hearts on

our homes for “The winter of our dis—

content will soon pass away,” and the

budding springtime will be ushered in

by the notes of Easter carols as they

peal forth their welcome to the bright

Easter morning.





It is Easter, it. is April,

And the earth is all astir

'VVith the thrill of life arising

From a sealed sepulcher.

It is Easter—it is April;

March, the warrior, hies away,

Ills tvrannic reign is ended,

April is the queen today.





 





THOMAS BAILEY ALDRICH.





 





BY BESSIE L. PUTNAM.





 





The Story of a Bad Boy owes its chief

charm to its reality. The reader feels

intuitively from first to last that the

pranks and pastimes of the lusty, open—

hearted Tom Bailey are but the 1‘0fl00-

tions of the author’s own inner life. Nor

is it difficult to reconcile them with a

declaration of later years: “No man has

ever yet succeeded in painting an honest

portrait of himself in an autobiography,

however sedulously he may have, set to

work about it. In spite of his candid

purpose, he omits necessary touches and

adds superfluous ones. At times he can-

not help draping his thot, and the least

shred of drapery is a disguise. It is only

the diarist who accomplishes the feat of

self—portraiture. and he, without any

such end in View. does it unsconsciously.

A lll‘ll‘l cannot help a daily record of his

comings and goings and the littlo items

that make up the sum of his life, and not

inadvertently betray himself at every

turn. He lays bare his heart with a can-

dor not possible to the self—consciousness

that inevitably colors premeditated reve-

lotion.”



His own book but emphasizes the truth

of the paragraph; it is a narration of

facts rather than an attempt to write

biography; the in the case of this bright,

energetic, observing lad, with a mind

large and noble enough to grasp both the

humorous and the philosophical at once.

the result is wholly unlike the day-to-day





' THE MICHIGAN ' FAR'MER.





reminiscences afforded by the regulation

diary. The bOOk owes much of its fas-

cination to its truthfulness. The feeling

that it is a careful and systematic. analy-

sis of his own childhood, yet told with

the most unassuming grace, magnetizea

the reader, old or young. His own rhe—

torical rule, “Simplicity is art's last

word,” was never more applicable.



He was born in Portsmouth, N. H.,

but business relations of his father being

much of the time in New Orleans, his

early years were marked, like those of the

birds, by semi—annual migrations between

the two cities. At thirteen the southern

trips were discontinued, and the next

three years were spent with his grand-

father in the “City by the Sea.” At six-

teen, the death of his father, followed by

financial disaster, placed him in a New

York counting~room, where the struggle

between fate and genius finally ended in

a casting out from commercial into purely

literary lines.



Like Bryant, he gained world-wide rc-

nown thru a single poem while still in his

teens. But while Baby Bell, unlike Tha-

natopsis, lacked the perfection in artistic

filllsh shown in some of his mature

poems, none of them, unless it be his

Identity, has so completely enshrined it-

self in the hearts of his readers.



He was versatile, with ideals Which

never allowed his products to fall below

the high water mark of excellence early

drawn. Purity in form, delicacy in color,

and tenderness in feeling, characteristic

of his first great poem, abound likewise





(21)





433





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in his proge. “A man is known,” he says,



“by the company 'he keeps. To live

continually with noble books, with ‘high-

erected thots sealed in the heart of cour-

tesy', teaches the soul good manners.”



As a study of life and death, Baby Bell,

viewed from the standpoint of the youth,

gives a most beautiful and enduring pic-I

ture. It is fitting that in his last con-l

tribulion to literature should come the;

sequel of matured life: “I regard death‘

as nothing but the passing of the shadow

over the flower.”



“'hat more impressive

could he have given us!

magnificent Easter poem,

a single sentence!





benediction

\Vlmt more

crystallized in





 





THE LAST FURROW.

(In memory of a departed Farmer reader.)





BY DORA H. STOCKMAN.





The last, long furrow is ended

And all the grain has been sown:

The golden harvests are gathered

The grasses have all been mown.

He sleeps. His labors are ended

With never a sigh or moan,

Never to take up his tasks again

Never to claim his own.





The horses whinny a. greeting in vain

And watch for their owner’s face;

Cows and sheep, and even the fowls—

All the living things on the place

Miss the hand that has fed them

And given them daily care,

While Rover whines for his lmaster

And looks for him everywhere.





A stronger hand will hold thp plow

In the old familiar llt‘lilS:

Another will soon he reaping

The harvest, his labor yields.

There's a vacant chair at the table,

And when the day is done

A woman is waiting, with tear-dimmed





eyes,

For him who will never come.





Sleep on! Your work was finished.

A-down tho glimmering \Vest

The sun sank low, you heard the call

And came back home to rest.

Silent and still we laid him down.

In a bed where the grass had grown.

To wake, in Another Country

Vi’hcn the Master shall cull ills own.





 





THE SECRET OF THE STREAM.





BY EUGENE (X T‘DLSON.





Now, for the first. its lugginning i see,

Find what for yours was a puzzle to me,

Find out at last win-re its headwaters be.





Oficn and often in summortinn‘s gone,

I‘lug‘ol‘, uni‘csiing, I followed it on,

Followed its wanderwuys hither and yon.





Rounding a bond. in tho tumaruck wood,

Near to the water a loaning tree stood

Casting its shadow down over the flood.





There in my

stray: .

There I would loitor till late in the day,’





boyhood it pleased me to‘





Trolling a line where the pickcrel lay.





Further below were a sawmill and dumz‘



Sawdust fell thru from the log on the

tram,



Minnows unwittingly after it swaim.



Winters have passed since I skated by

night



Many a time on the surface of white



Near to its mouth, Where the current is

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Yet what a secret was kept from me

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Here is its source, in the tiniest rill



Fed by a spring on the slope of a hill!





 





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strain on your shoulders, because the sliding cord in the buck

(found only in President Suspenders) "gives and taken" In-

stantly with every movement of your body.



The Extra Heavy Weight, made eipac‘slly for farmers,

will not only give you perfect comfort, but will also outlast

sevorsl pairs of ordinary Iuspendcn. Extra lengths for tall

man. Atgour dealer's for 500, or sent direct to you from

the factory, pottpoid, on receipt of price. Remember the

maker’s guarantee is on every pair—Satlsl’nction, New

Pair, Or You:- Money Back.





THE C. A. EDGARTON MFG. (10.,

756 Main Street, Shirley, Mass.





Do You Hear Well?





The Stolz Eloctrophone—A New, Scientific and

Practical Invention for Those Who Are

Deaf or Partially Deaf-May Now

be Tested in Your Own Home.





Leaf or partially deaf people may now makoamonth‘s

trial of the Stolz Electrophone at home. This Is un-

usually important news for the deaf, for by this plan

theflnal selection of the (me completely satisfactory

hearing aid is made easy and inm‘pensivefar everyone.

his new invention (U.

S.Patent No.763,575) ren-

ders unnecessary such

clumsy, unsightly and

frequently harmful do-

vlcos as trumpets,

horns, tubes, our drums,

fans, etc. It is a. tiny

electric telephone that

fits on the ear, and which,

the instant it is applied,

magnifies the sound waves

in such manner as to cause an

astonishing increase in the

clearness of all sounds. It

overcomes the buzzing and

touring ear noises,and also so

constantly and electric-

ally cwvrm‘ses the vllal

is. 7. parts of the ear that,





Mutilation” 23.8“le M. . "““Hw ”‘9 ”.0 tuft”.

Iood,lll.,woar:.an Eleotrophon;.Loaya unaided hem-mg ltsel

conspicuous than noel-aim). '3 gradually restore .





Prominent Business Man's Opinion



1 STOLZELECTROPIIONE (30., t'li [raga—1am pleased

' to say that theEleclrophmwis rcrysulisj‘actoru. Being

small in size and great in. hearingygualittes makes it

I’REFERAB LE TO ANYI HA VE IED and I believe

1 have tried all of them I can recommen it to all per-

sons who have defective hearing.——.’II. W. HO YT, Whole-

sale Grocer, Michigan Ave. and River 813., Chicago.





Write or call at our Chicano office for particulars of our

personal home test offer and list of prominent endorsers

who will answer inquiries. Physicians cordially invited to

investigate. Address or call (call if you can).



Slolz Eloclrophona Co. 1801 Stuart Bldgflih Floor.0hlcag

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to Dress Better at One-Half the





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   





 





 





 





 





 

 





 

 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 





Usual Cost by teaching you to do

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nLnosrxt

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Burn- I mantle like gu, odorlou. nollo~

Inn And obsolutoly uh, IOU candle pour .

. 16 hrs. on lqt. hero-ant. tut improvement ,

in "fitting. Scientist: nymloot wonderful In: . ‘

nation of In times. Bell ud cull“ light on a |

the syn." Burnar will litany lump. Requires no -”*

generating. Light“ my kerosene lump and you hove I bril~

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iYOUR OWN FRUIT 6: VEGETABLES





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434 (22)“





lmpuro Blood ' 5





Thoroughly cleansed





Relieved of All lmpuritiesThrough

the Use of Stuart’s Calcium

Wafers.





The blood is a thick, opaque fluid of

a rich, red hue in the arteries, and a

purplish blue in the veins. It derives

its color from numerous small bodies

floating in it which are called red cor-

puscles. If the blood be examined un-

der a microscope the red corpuscles

will appear as thin, circular disks,

floating in a transparent, nearly colorless

fluid.



These red corpuscles number 5000,-

‘000 to the cubic centimeter; but it

often happens that they become very

much diminished in number, a condi-

tion known as anaemia or leukoaemia.

There are also other circular bodies in

the blood known as white corpuscles,

but which are much less numerous than

the red.



The red corpuscles are the stimulat-

ing and animating elements of the





blood. They absorb oxygen in their

passage t‘hru the lungs, and'convey it‘





to the tissues of the body. where com-

bining with food elements absorbed

from the stomach, it evolves animal

heat.



‘x'henever the kidneys fail to prop-

erly filter the blood of its impurities,

or whenever constipation occurs, the

impure foreign matter collects in the

blood—curent, is carried to all parts of

the system in the circulation, and is

usually deposited in the form of pimples

and other eruptions upon the skin.



Most of these eruptions appear upon

the face, for the reason that the skin

there is thinner than anywhere else.

Many people commit the error of try-

ing to cure the pimples or eruptions

by the application of salves and lo-

tions, which is a great mistake, as the

cause of the trouble is deeper seated,

and the skin disease is simply the out—

ward :manifestation of the impure con-

dition of the blood within.



Calcium Sulphide is the greatest blood

purifier in existence. Instead of driv—

ing the blood impurities out t'hru the

pores, it sen-(ls them out thru the prop—

er channels—the kidneys and intes-

tines.



STUART’S CALCIUM XVAFERS con-

tain calcium sulphite combined with

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which act rapidly and powerfully upon

the morbid products of the blood, ex-

pelling them completely, preventing

their return, and incidentally remov-

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cles, tetter, ringworm, scurvy and all

other skin blemishes.



Call on your pharmacist and secure

a package of this wonderful blood—

cleaning remedy; price 50 cents. Also

write us for trial package free. Address

F. A. Stuart 00., 175 Stuart Building,

Marshal], Michigan.





 





   

 

 

 

 

 

 





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\Vritc for free catalog No. 78, illustrated and descriptive.

W. H. MclNTYRE COMPANY, Auburn. lndllnl

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le YOURxROOQF





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successfully treat-



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for information and testimonials. Address





DR. W. E. SHALLENBERGER





 





 





 





THE _'MI’CHIGAN FARMER. ”





sYM BOLISM—CIVILIZED AND OTHER-

WISE.





 





BY E. H. M’DONAGH.





The custom of celebrating Easter by

the sending of eggs and flowers is a very

beautiful one. What more fitting repre-

sentation of the bursting of the tomb and

the ascension of our Savior could be

devised than the egg and the lily? From

the egg, lying passive, inert, apparently

dead, comes a new life, real and visible.

Bursting the shell and leaving its dis-

carded fragments of wrappings, the new

creature, winged, full of life, springs

into the air. From the bulb, cold, dead

and uninteresting, rises a new lifee—the

lily—so pure, so lovely, that its birth, too,

seems miraculous.



Easter, coming as it does just at the

opening of spring, seems to have a double

significance. We are reminded of some

of the religious symbolism of so—called

heathen peoples who-m, in our superiority,

we are so ready to despise. Rather

should they be regarded as “the little

children” who, while lacking our religious

opportunities, are still led to see many

great and wonderful truths. Instead of

pitying their ignorance, it may be well

for us to take a little time, occasionally,

to learn from their wisdom.



In the spring the old Indian of the great

southwest became a poet. lie was filled

with wonder at the miracles enacted

around him, and he wove them into his

religion. A great number of natural ob-

jects became sacred to him. The idea of

new life, which to us is most perfectly

typified by the egg, is represented to

him by the butterfly. As from the grave

clothes of the apparently dead cocoon

there bursts a new and wonderful living

creature, the butterfly, so from the ap-

parently dead seed he sees the wonderful

plant come, forth.



I have before me a beautiful tenajon,

or corn jar. It is a very old and choice

example of the wonderful pottery work

of certain descendents of the cliff dwel-

lers. This jar is very large, holding prob-

ably a bushel. From its decoration, (a

picture writing as easy for the initiated

to read as the printed page before you),

it \VilS not only made, as, a receptacle for





 





Types of the Rude Pottery Produced by





 





:r-oin. as was the ordinary large tenajon,

tlwu this jar was meant for the precious

isI-w] corn, doubly sacrcd to the tribe.



l The jar itself is made from the com"

n1on potter;- rvl. that abounds in that

maimn and :3 [(1051: beautiful in f’ri‘ll’l.

,MI‘ny generations: have no doubt stored





:Iiulr III-auro- in its capacious depths,

and on armld-mt of .oig ago ha.- rwmoycd

:1 section near the base. This holc has





lon putt-fwd with a native cwucnt,

crudely but so swlidly that a thousand

inilc railroad jourm-y to its Michigan

home has failcd to looscn tlu patch. To

further insure its sat‘cly, a network of

buffalo thongs has been woven around

it, much resembling that made of rushes

lby Italian and other foreign artisans to

protect bottles of olive oil and liquors

exported to America.



But the wonderful thing,r about the jar

is its decoration, which is lavish, full of

beauty, and in its own way. truly artistic.

Many religious symbols are woven into

the conventional design which encircles

the jar, but chief among them. if we

except the corn symbol, is the sign of the

butterfly. It occurs again and again,

conveying plainly the thot of the patient

workcr¥that thot which became a paint—

ed prayere—that as the living butterfly

springs from the apparently dead co-

coon, so might the Great Spirit causc the

living corn to grow from the apparently

lifeless seed which the tenajon should

contain.



How many generations of simple work-

ers kept their treasure here none may

know. But we, far away in a less sunny

America, guard our see-d corn as jealously





 





Dept. A. 145 Oakwood Blvd. Chicago. Ill.





and plant it, perhaps, with less simple





faith and piety. Yet, as Easter' ap-

proaches with its recurring lesson of hope

and faith, and its beautiful symbolism,

may we not think of our red brothers'

Symbolism? And, as often as we think

of the new life as represented to us by

the egg and the lily, may we not find

it profitable to add to our thot that other

symbol of the new life typified by the

Red Man?





THE KITCHENHls'LOOR.





 





 





BY E. E. R.



No floor in the whole house receives

such hard wear as that in the kitchen,

consequently it should be of some durable

material. Nothing quite equals in this

respect good, hard wood in narrow

widths, preferably maple because of its

fine, close grain. _



Time was when a bare floor was toil-

somely scoured by hand with soap and

sand. Our foremother-s prided themselves

on floors that were “clean enough to eat

on,” as they expressed it. Nowadays

we. have come to realize that time and

strength may be spent to better purpose,

so we protect the floor with oil or varnish

which renders the cleansing more easy

of accomplishment. Of the two, varnish

is preferable because it preserves the

natural color of the wood, while repeated

applications of oil make it dark.



Good floor varnish dric-s rapidly and is

not difficult to spread. Many excellent

articles are on the market prepared es-

pecially for this purpose and it is par-

ticularly unwise to permit the wood to

suffer for want of it since re-laying such

a floor is very expensive at present prices

of lumber. There can be no actual wear

upon the foundation material so long as

it is protected from direct contact by

the varnish and for this reason it is

practically indestructible if properly

cared for.



In the case of a soft pine floor it is

best preserved by painting. Like the

varnish, paint covers and protects the

wood from wear.



In selecting a color it will be found

that the lighter shades are more satis'

factory since they do not show foot

prints as do the dark ones. In this day





 





the Indians of the Southwest.





of adulterated paints the tendency is to

pool or flake off and it is better to select

some reliable make and use that in the

same shade for each successive coat.

Then if it should flake off a little the

spots do not show.



For some reasons I like linoleum as a.

floor covering in the kitchen. The first

cost is considerable it is true, yet not

nearly so great as for hard wood. It

can be put down over partly worn boards

but; in that case all nails liable to

work up and any that are already ex—

posed must be firmly pounded down, else

a puncture will be made. Rough and

uncw-n places should be well padded with

paper.,.



In buying linoleum it is true economy

to select a heavy piece. The common oil

cloth possesses not much wearing qual-

ity. But a thick, firm piece of linoleum

is an altogether different thing from oil

cloth with which many of us are familiar

principally as a protection to a carpet

around a stove.



Like the hardwood floor, linoleum re—

quires a coat of varnish once or twice

a year. If this is regularly attended to

it will wear indefinitely. Of course, it

is not proof against hot water, and soap

if freely applied would speedily destroy

the glossy finish.



A floor covered with linoleum is very

easily kept clean. A mop and some

tepid water will keep it bright. If soap

must be used to [start obstinate spots

it should be put in the water and not ap-

plied directly to the floor. As with any

varnished surfaces little friction is re-

quired in cleansing. Above all things it

must not be flooded with water. A half-





v





APRIL 10, 1909.





Scott’s Emulsion





clothes the nerves and

muscles with warm fat,fills

the veins with rich blood.





It makes children rugged

and hardy and fearless of

the cold. It fills the Whole

body with warmth and life

and energy.





Thin peeple sometimes

gain a pound a day While

taking it.





 





Send this advertisement. together with name of

paper in which it appears, your address and four

cents to cover postage. and we will send you a

“Complete Handy Atlas of the World" :: ::





SCOTT & BOWNE. 409 Pearl Street. New York





 





t





A EFUL





of these pages cannot fail to

see the advantages we are

offering in this ad.



Just imagine, if you can, the

convenience of a large, burglar





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Now think how nice it would

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Yet that is exactly What we

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The Pcnobscot Safe Deposit

Vaults are the safest place in

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Drop us a line and we‘ll send

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PENOBSCOT SAFE DEPOSIT VAULTS,

Simon J.‘ Murphy 00., Detroit, Mlch.





 





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Posr CARDS





2 5 I” m 100





Fine art cards beautifully colored. Flowers, Land-

scapes. Pretty Girls, Love Sets. Birthday and other

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snowing 2500 latest cards at lowest prices—FREE.

HOMER GEOBGE 00., Dept. 49, 0H10A60.





 





 





 





 

 

 





 





 





DR. WHITEHALL’S





RHEUMATIG GllllE





FOR ALL FORMS OF





Write for a liberal FREE Trial Box.

Sold by Druggists. Price 500 per box.

The Dr. Whitehall Megrimlne Co.

136 Main St., South Bend, Ind.

— :sna. rose. _





 





 





"Saw your ad. in the Michigan

JuSt Shy Farmer" when writing ndvertllern





Rheumatism and Gout:





 





l





+





 





 





--_- £15





 





A, what-7w





a"

, .





, .913

~W~imw





~ 5
win-’H ‘





 





 





 





.4





. ..— "C‘A‘





.. w. twu tuna. ~;





as .





v. iK'JVK .





 





APRIL 10, 1909. ,





wrung mop or one that has been allowed

to drip is the limit in this direction, and

unless badly soiled one merely ”damp will

be sufficient.



In selecting linoleum it is well to. avoid

either too light or too dark a color. As

with the paint, a medium tint is more

desirable. Geometric or inlaid patterns

are, as a rule, more satisfying than pro-

fusely flowered surfaces because one tires

of them less quickly. The tile patterns

are particularly pleasing but in white

are not so readily kept clean. These are

very nice for bath room-s.



Linoleum is best laid in warm weather,

otherwise there is danger of the varnish

cracking as it is uni'olled and moved

about. Few tacks should be inserted at

first, only sufficient to keep it in place.

It settles to the floor after awhile and

then it may be more firmly secured. If,

at any point it crowds the base board

it will surely push itself up in some other

place and an unevenness of this kind is;

the first to wear out. The remedy is to:

search out where it binds and trim the!

edge so it does no? touch. If this is'

done the hump will flatten itself out in

a short time. A puncture of any kind

which allows the water to enter will in





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





IAIGEIT VEHICLE FACTORY IN THE WORLD





THE STUDEBAKEI PLANT'COVERS '01 ACRES





makers in the world have carried the art of Studebaker wagon making to perfection. '

Studebaker—axle—skein—spoke——hub and tire has been improved to the pomt of becoming standard.





Means





Wagon

Perfection





(23) 435





Over half a century of making Studebaker wagons as good as

wagons can be made is the farmer’s protection in wagon buying. The most experienced and skillful wagon





Every vital part of a.

That





is why Studebaker has grown from a country blacksmith 'and wagon shop in 1952 to the largest wagon and vehicle

manufactory in the world today. Just plain quality, good service to farmers.





See the Studebaker Dealer





Cheapest in the end. Cost less per year.





Ask to see the Studebaker wagon—it .Wlll speak for itself.

Ask to see Studebakervbuggies—you Will find up-to-date de—





signs and high grade material and workmanship. Ask to see Studebaker harness~—look for the name stamped on the

traces—it. is your guarantee of quality. Remember, that there is no substitute for Studebaker. .

if you don’t know a Studebaker Dealer, write us and we Will send you his name.





" - .‘ -. y

‘ " n- . .

1W '" - f;_~fi





l’





 





,. 4'...»





 





Studebaker Bros.

Mfg. Co.





South Bend, lmliana





 





time mean a bad spot. Such a place, if

accidentally made, should at once he

covered with varnish.



The outer edges of the room may have

a small moulding placed along the base

and tacked over the linoleum. This

makes a neat finish and prevents water

from gaining entrance, but the nails

must not be put .in until the material

has been laid seine time and given an_

opportunity to stretch all it is going to,

else it will crowd against the wall and

push itself up into a wrinkle somewhere

as above mentioned. Linoleum that does

not bind at any place will lie perfectly

smooth.



Given a coat of varnish twice a year

a good quality of linoleum ought to last

for years in excellent condition.





 





THE BLESSEDNESS OF GIVING.





 





BY GEORGE BASOBpF-r GRIFFITH.



Some little incidents have recently

come under our notice which will make

clear to the young people the pleasure

and profit of consecrated libcrality. In

Connecticut I became acquainted with a

lady who had a beautiful flower garden,

in which she took pride. I learned that

the whole country was proud of it, too,

and people drove miles to see it.



She fastened two large baskets on the

outside of her fence next the road. and

every morning they were filled with cut

flowers—the large showy kinds in one

basket and the delicate, fragile ones in

the other. All the school children going

by helped themselves, and studied the

better for it, and the business men took

a breath of fragrance into their dusty

offices that helped the day along. Even

the tramps were welcome to all the

beauty they could get into their forlorn

lives.



“You out such quantities," said one of

flier neighbors to her, aren‘t you afraid

you will rob yourself?” The more I cut

the more I have,” she answered. “Don’t

you know that if plants are allowed to

to go to seed they stop blooming? I lovel

to give pleasure, and it is profit as well

for my liberal cutting is the secret of

my beautiful garden. I’m like the man

in Pilgrim’s Progress:



“A man there was (tho some did count

him mad),



The more he gave away the more he

had.”



One poor woman to whom a rose-bush

was given, planted it over her husband's

grave, watched it whenever she could

steal time to make her pilgrimage to the

spot, and tenderly took it up before frosts

came, to nurse it thru the winter, that

it might blossom again for him in the

pleasant summer-time. A little boy, ap-

parently dying with fever, and too dull

to notice even his mother, seemed' to

be called back to life by the love he con-





 





Wear STEEL SHOES





,I





Absolute Protection Against





Colds, Rheumatism, Stiffness, Discomfort

No More Blistered, Aching Feet





GOODuBYE to conus and BUNIONS!





 





Pat.

Dcc.4. '06

Others pending





FREE





Writefor

Book, “The

Sole of Steel,”

or order a pair

of STEEL SHOES

on the blank below.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





There’s more good wear in one pair of Steel Shoes than in

_ three to six pairs of the best All-Leather Shoes. And

4 comfort! The very first time you slip your feet into Steel

Shoes. they feel fine. They need no “ breaking in.” And

the longer you wear Steel Shoes the better you like them.

for they keep your feet warm. dry and comfortable—though

you work in mud or slush up to your shoe tops. Steel Shoes





are shaped to fit the foot. and the rigid steel bottoms and sides force them to keep their shape.





N o warping. no twisting. no leaking possible.





And they are light shoes. too.





How Our 1909 Model Steel Shoes Are Made.

The Wonderful Steel Bottoms





Steel Shoes solve the problem of the Perfect

Work Shoe for all time to come.



The soles of Steel Shoes and an inch above

the soles are stamped out of a special light.

thin,rust-resisting steel. One piece of seam-

less steel from toe to heel. As a further pro-

tection from wear, and a. means 01 giving a

firm foothold, the bottoms are studded with

adjustable steel rivets.



The adjustable steel rivets of the 1909 model

Steel Shoes add the finishing touch of perfec-

tion. Practically all the wear comes on these

steel rivets. When steel rivets wear down. you

can instantly replace them with new rivets.

And the rivets at the tip of toe and ball of foot

are the only ones that wear. Steel Shoes never

go to the Repair Shop, for there’s nothing to

Wear but the rivets. And the Steel Soles shed

mud almost as easily as they shed water. The

costls only 30 cents for 50 extra steel rivets.

No other repairs are ever needed.



The uppers are made of the very best quality

of pliable waterproof leather. and firmly riv-

eted to soles. There is greater strength and

longer service and more foot comfort in steel

shoes than In any other working shoes in exist-

ence. It’s in the steel and the pliable leather.

and the way they are put together.





Throw Away Rubber Boots,

Felt Boots and “Arctics”!





Rubber or felt boots heat the feet and make

them sweaty and tender. Nothing more un-

comfortable or more harmful to the feet. One

pair of Steel Shoes will outlast at least three

pairs of felt or rubber boots.



A man who Wears Steel Shoes doesn’t have

to own three different styles of working shoes.

No arctics or felt boots necessary.





Secret of Steel Shoe Elasticity





Steel Shoes have thick. springy Hair Cush-

ion Insoles. which are easily removable for

cleansing and airing. They absorb perspira-

tion and foot odors—absorb the jar and shock

when you walk on hard or stony ground.

They keep your feet free from callouses.

blisters and soreness. '





Steel Shoes Save Doctor Bills





Wear Steel Shoes and you need not suffer

from Colds, Rheumatism, Neuralgla, Lum—

bago, Stiffness of the joints and other troubles

and discomforts caused by cold. wet feet.

Keep your feet always warm, dry and comfort-

able in Steel Shoes. They protect your health

and save doctor bills. while adding to your

comfort.





Low Prices on Steel Shoes



Sizes, 5 to 12. 6 inches. 9 inches. 12

inches and 16 inches high.



Steel Shoes. 6 inches high, 52.50 a pair, are

better than best all-leather $3.50 shoes.



Steel Shoes. 6inches high, extra fine grade

of leather, $3.00 a pair. excel any $4.50 all-

leather shoes.



Steel Shoes, 9 inches high. $3.50 a pair, are

better than the best all-leather $5.00 shoes.



Steel shoes. 12 inches high, $5.00 a pair, are

better than the best all-leather $6.00 shoes.



Steel Shoes. 16 inches high. $6.00 a pair, are

better than the best all—leather shoes, regard-

less of cost.





One Pair of “Steels"

Will Outwear 3 to 6 Pairs of

Leather Shoes





The comfort of Steel Shoes is remarkable.

Their economy is simply astounding! Prac-

tically all the wear comes on the rivets in the

bottoms and the rivets can be replaced very

easily. Don't sweat your feet in rubber boots

or torture them in tough. hard. twisted, shape-

less leather shoes. Order a pair of Steel Shoes

today. Sizes.5 to 12.





Satisfaction or Money Back





We strongly recommend the 6-inch high, at

$3 a pair. or 9 inches, at $3.50. as they give best

satisfaction for general service.



In ordering, state size shoe you wear. En—

close 83 a. pair for 6-inch size, and the best and

most comfortable working shoes you ever

were will promptly be shipped to you. Your

money refunded if you are not delighted when

you see the Steel Shoes. Send today.





STEEL SHOE CO.,Dept. 95 Racine,Wis.

__ganadian Branch, TORQNTO, CANADA





 





 

   





‘ "E‘- t-é.

“9 ' .

e '9‘"





 





Do y

farm for little money





—a farm that is bigger than you can afford to

own where you live now



——a farm that will grow bigger crops than you

can grow on your present farm?



—a farm that. will make you a. good living and

leave you some profit besides?



—a farm that. will grow more valuable each year‘l

You can get. such a farm





in the Southwest





along the Cotton Belt Route in Southeast

Missouri, Arkansas. Louisiana and Texas.



. Some of the finest land in the Southwest lies

along this line. It can be bought on easy terms

for $5 to $25 an acre.



The low rates offered by the Cotton Belt. each

month would make a. trip of investigation very

cheap and profitable.



Do you want to know more about

this land? Send two cents in

stamps for postage on beautifully

illustrated books about this great

country. It will pay you to read





 





them. Write today.

E. W. LaBEAUME,





Gen. Pass. and Ticket Alan},

1554 Place Bldg.. 8t. loulu. Ila.





$38 to the





 





 





Pacific Coast





Are you going to the Pacific Coast?



Do you want to save money ‘I



Do you want to be extra comfortable on

the trip at no extra cost 'I



Would you like to have a first-rate, good

natured conductor look after things for

you—free ?



Just write today and let us tell you about

our special parties to California, Washing-

ton and Oregon. which the best people

have patronized for the past 80 years.



A postal card will do.





Judson (10., 443 Marquette Bldg, Chicago





Cheap Tennessee" Farms





 





 





Order Blank for Steel Shoes





Steel Shoe Co., Dept. 95, Racine, Wis.

Gentlemen:—

I enclose for 8





 





in payment for “pair Steel Shoes,





 





 





 





Size



Name



Town State



County R.F.D.__





 





 





 





 





ccived for a. bunch of humble yellow‘

cowslips laid upon his pillow. A tiny‘

vagrant so fond of flowers that he used,

to follow the venders on the chance of al

stray leaf dropping, was given an object;

in life as well as happiness, in the giftj

of a few pots of violets and a fuchsia. {



The pale tailoress in a certain treeless

street could hardly believe that the sweet;

blossoms from the 'hand of a thotful hen—j

cfacfor were a free gift, and at first dc—

clined them as a luxury they could not;

afford. But when they understood. one

asked for a violet, and another for a lily,I

and a delicate woman said, “Might I haveg‘

a rose? I am so fond of them, and I:





i





have not had one for two or three years.”‘





I.





 





I vice you cannot

cut yourself while

shaving.





'""' "5311’. 30c.





 





There are other kinds similar but not as good. This safety appliance fits any





kind or size razor.





It is made on a scientific plan.





It is all right for what it is





for, a safety guard, easily put on and off and cleaned, and we sell it for only 30

cents, (regular price 50 cents.) postage paid, or will send one with one of our





imported German razors both for $1.00, postage paid.





Order one now. Address





THE MICHIGAN FARMER, Detrolt, Mlch.





 





Making Men Rich!





Fortunes are being madeon fertile Tennes-

see farms. They raise big crops of Canta’

loupes. Cabbage Tomatoes. String Beans.

Green Corn. etc., ll so Horses. (luttle.Sheep.Sw1ne.

Poultry and FE gs. rite me at once or 1‘ rec

Literature. 1'] tell you how to get one (liOtllt‘fiU

splendid forms for $5 to $20 per More. Act. quickly!

H. F. Smilh,Traf.lflgr. N. 0.5: St. L. liy. Doth’ ,anhville ,Tenl.





Money Counts





and farmers in Tidewater Virginia and Carolina

are counting money made from large crops this

season. You can do likewise. Ideal climate;

. three crops a year; best corn, hay. potato and

truck lands, near line markets, at low prices and

on easy terms. Why not share this prosperity?





F. l. MEIIIITT. [Ind Ind lndusl'l 13L, Norfolk and Soulhorn

Railway. 20 Citizens Bunk Building, Norfolk. VI.





BARGAIN OFFER

THE MICHIGAN FARMER





AND THE





DETROITSemi-Weekly JOURNAL

BOTH L" glimé‘s‘i‘i’z $1

Send all orders to





The MICHIGAN FARMER

DETROIT. MICH.
. 3...... .. x . .

' LIST OF BRANCH OFFICES ‘l

Birmingham, Ala. Nashville, Tenn.





Boston, Mass.

Builalo. N. Y. New York, N. Y.

Chicago, Ills. Philadelphia, Pa.

Cincinnati, 0. Pittsburgh, Pa.

. Denver, Colo. Pittsburg, Kas.

‘ Duluth, Minn. Portland, Ore.

r Hazleton, Po. Salt Lake City, Utah





 





Houghton, Mich.

Huntington, W. Va.

, Joplin, Mo.



a Kansas 01 , Mo.



.1 Memphis, sun



I . Mexico City, Mexico





San Francisco, Cal.

Scranton, Pa.

Seattle, Wash.

Spokane. Wash.

St. Louis, Mo.

Terre Heats, Ind.





 





 





i Has four times the strength and

- double the durability of ordinary

. windmills. Deflestho worst storms.



and even a cyclone won't damage the

sturdy Samson.





Double Gears and Center lift





‘ is the secret of the

Samson’s su perior-



ityvthey lessen



l the wear and tear



i and prevent ruck-



" ins side strnin. _



’ Writeforfree book ‘5“



. Tells all about the ..



I Samson windmill.



’ Stover Mtg. Co.



4 195 Samson Ave.



I Freeport, Iii.





 





 





 





, " 7' E unassr norm unsaf- "





WELL DRILLING





‘ MACHINERY ........... W°



. have been mak-



ing it for over 20 years. Do not buy until you



:z see our new Illustrated Catalogue No. 14. Send

for it now. It is FREE-





iusiln Manufacturing Co., Chicago 3





AT Uic'K—gi‘lnzl‘u





 

 

 





 





Get your name in quick so we can give

you all the benefit of cut prlcea on Iron





stun NO MONEY





so you take no risk. You see what you

buy before paying. Pay nothing unless

fully satisfied. Lowest prices ever offered

on we rig an roofing supplies sold straight to you from

Factory at real Factory Prices. Don‘t lvuy till you get cut

prices and FREE Rooiora' Guido—Write for Book today.



Tho United Factor-Ion Co. Dot. R 1 Cleveland 0 ’





 

 





 

   





   





 

   

   





 





F:_t_-"_-

‘7 Buy and erect a fence ‘ V

, ‘ you can depend on. The

- Frost Wire Fence lasts a ‘.

=j .- lifetime,withstands heavy strain I.

v‘ —- resists action of‘sun or storm.

- Write for prices and Free (Batu.

. log describingfenccsundgates.

' The Frost. “’ire Fence Co.

J‘Dept. G Cleveland, 0.

' .—_‘:





 





 





48 I“??? 29c





Best high carbon coiled steel

wire. Easy to stretch over

hills and hollows. FREE

Cnuilog—feiices,tools. Buy

from factory at wholesale

prices. Write today to Box 68





MASON FENCE (30., LEESBURG.0





FENCE eggs-3::





,Made of High carbon Double strength

Coiled Wire. Heavily Galvanized to

prevent rust. Have no agents. Bell at

tactory prices on 30 days’ free trial.

. We pay aiitroight. 3'] heights of farm

._._- . and poultry fence. Catalog Free.

COILID SPRING FENCE co.





 





 





 

 





 





 





 





 





. ’ ’ ,.

‘//,\E ‘ R. . I

1/ ’J‘ 7 ,3 mi first),



.,





l.‘ .

12/1.





The Victor makes the home circle Complete





It brings into the home what nothing else can bring—~the best music and entertainment by the

foremost musical artists of the world, sung and played in a clear full perfect tone, as true as life itself.



It brings you the classic music of the great composers; the stirring marches and patriotic songs

that make the blood tingle and the pulses jump; the clear old-time melodies that will live forever; the

newest sentimental ballads, the latest song—hits of vaudeville, and the most rollicking minstrel fun.





Name the greatest and the highest-paid singers and musicians

in the world.





Caruso, Calve. Melba, Scotti. Sembrich. Tctrazzini. among grand opera

stars;—-am0ng bands and orchestrasz-Sousa’s, I’ryor’s. and the United

States Marine Band; among entertainers, May Irwin, Harry Lauder, Alice

Lloyd, Vesta Victoria.





They all sing and play for the Victor exclusively





in my salon.”





Adelina Patti says: "The Victor reproduces

the human voice with such perfection that it

seemed to me these artists were actually singing





 





 





Scotti the great baritone says: " Never had I imagined that a talking-

machine could give such perfect results.”





The Victor is the most perfect instrument of its kind in every detail;





The Victor is as different from an old-fashioned talking machine as





 





ANSWE





 

 

 

 





 





XCELL STEEL AND IRON





9 : llllllllllll 0H slnmi





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





and Victor records are made onthe correct principle. and perfected beyond a mocking bird is from a parrot. .

compangni II V. _ t th I. It is not only a source of pleasure, buta means of education '

n Y on t e lCtOl’ can You ge . e pure rea ‘ty ' and improvement. It appeals to all tastes ; touches every

iny the Victor has that human tone-quality that seems to bring the heart; and makes home doubly home-like. .'

Iivmg breathing singer right before you. Y5

Q

. . . . 0'

A dealer near you sells Victors on convenient payments to those who wuh it ‘I 5. is?

We will send you his address if you will write us about-it. Go and as him to play for Q . é‘ ob V

you .on the Victor any record you want to hear. That putsyou under no obligation, and 0° 9‘ '1’

it Will show you what the Victor really is. 0 3° ‘95" '

h Don t rob yourself of the best and highest enjoyment that can be brought into any ‘QQ- 390090 9:06

omc. . ‘3' 0° ‘2 '

Go and hear the Victor. You can’t afford not to. (g, ‘5”.5.” \o‘lvé.‘ .° _ '

\Vrite us any way for the catalogue showing many styles of Victors. from $1 60 43° :9 53:?“

up. and alist of more than 3.000 records, with portraits of 90 famous musicians. o 0* 0g“ -‘ .'

. o N a .' .'

I- ‘u»t.l~. \uu‘r ‘ '(4 9 ' ' '

' - Use the Coupon w @333" «1:; . . ‘

. . . . . ' v u so ' .-

Look for this little dog Victor Talking Machine Company (9? / 0% e -

. . c ~o° .

the famous Victor trade-mark on the 14th & Cooper Sts., Camden, N. J. .' c." q’ ' "

horn and cabinet of every Victor and . .~ .383 00 ° ..'

on. every Victor record. It isn’t a Berliner Gramophone Co.. Montreal. Canadian Distributors .' {$09 6- go‘ ,- .-

Vzctor without the (103’- To get best results, use only Victor Needles on Victor Records, _-' ('3 A .39," so .' {a

. {$0 I? b ' "U

' 0‘? Y” ‘ ‘0





 





A complete list of new Victor Records for April will be found in the April number of

Munsey’s, Scribner-’8, McClure’s, Century, Everybody’s and May Cosmopolitan.





 





This Ada





Profit

W “a" 3°“ .





e,,-.-:; . amaze





   

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

   





Buy direct from the biggest

spreader factory in the world. .

-—My price has made it—No such,





 

 

 

 





 

 

 





 





 





   





 





     





 





   

   

 





price as I make on this high /—\ - ' ow .‘ ' ‘ ,w. . -

grade spreader has ever been . ‘ .i.?.«l\\N . gGAEEpE‘i'SEZIa‘meETW .y‘m‘

made before in all manure : ‘ ’K IV (Tau; i

spreader history. I save you ' . ”(xi—\v : " g; \i "i'_’ 7.. -



550. Here’s the secret and reason: :\‘\\\\‘LI//:{. ' "*T ""





   





.-__.. ——~—.





in” o Au

'2». I \t ‘9’“ :4





I make you a price on one based

on a 25,000 quantity and pay the

freight right to your station. You

only pay for actual material, labor and

one small profit, based on this enor-

mous quantity on a.





. at .

Get my bran new proposition

with proof—lowest price ever

made on a first class spreader

with my agreement to pay you

back your money after you try

it 12 months if it's not a paying investment How’s that for a proposition? It I did not

have best spreader I would not dare make such an offer. 20. farmers have stamped

their 0. K. on it. They all tried it 30days free just like I ask you to try it—-3O DAYS FREE.

Drop me I postal. and aay—"Galloway, aond mo your new proposition and Big Spreader BOOK FREE

with low prlcoa direct lrom your iactory." I also make a now complete stool gear Spreader—704w silo,

H. Guthberson, Claribrook, Iowa. "Works fine. Spreads T. F. Slice. Oswego, Kans. “Often pull it with my

all kinds of manure better than any spreader I ever saw. small buggy team. Does good work. Have always used





So simple. nothing to get out of repair as compared With the bciore. Galloway mu.h the best. Iigoing to

other Spreaders." buy a dozen more they would all be Galloways."





WM. GALLOWAY COMPANY, 849Ga|loway Station, WATERLOO, IOWA





 





 





 





Save Dealer,

Jobber, Catalog House





 

 

   

 

 





 

   

   

   

   

   

   

 





llliitlirm FENCE





l .l A fence the manufacturers y

. T are Willing to have a pros-

pective customer know all

Ciabout. We will send you a

' small hand sample by mail

showing size of wire, showing

heavy top wire, showing the

strong, smooth knot which

leaves no kink inside it in the line wire.

No Other Fence Built Like It



Best wire. Best Knot. Best mechanical

skill. Equal length of line wires guaran—

teed. Write today for free sample and

booklet.



The ANTHONY FENCE CO..



19 hlii‘higan SL,



Tecumseh. Michigan. U. S. A.





‘15 Cents a Rad.





For a 22-inch Hog Fence; 160 for r

‘ 26~inch; 190 for 31-inch; 22 1-20

. for 3i‘lIlCll; 270 for a. 47-inch '

IX. Farm Fence. tilanh Poultry

Fence 87c. Lowest prices over

' made. Sold on 30 do a trial. '

Catalog free. Write for ttoday.





"‘KITSELMAN ones.

A lo: 273, muucns, "I’D. '





   





   

   

 

   

 





 

 

   

   

   

   





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





“Jubilee Year” of Page Woven Wire Fence





Page Fence is now in its Quarter-Centennial or “Jubilee Year.” It

is the Pioneer \‘Vovon Vi’ire Fence. having had 10 years the start of all

com etitors. It lends today in sales and in satisfaction. Admitted

by all to have double the strength, life and elasticity of any other

fence. Used as the Government standard of highest quality and

by many foreign Governments. Supreme throighout the world.





“JUI’ilee Edition" 0' the Page catalog lliisiiejdistAbdgiily FREE to you if you write promptly

PAGE WOVEN WIRE FENCE 00.. BOX 15D. ADRIAN."MICH





 





 





 





BR OWN FENCE





GET OUR FREE SAMPLE which we send for inspection.‘ Test it for

strength, stiffness and rigidness, then look to the galvanizing. File

it and see how thick that is. We want you to satisf yourself

that for YOU Brown Fence is the best fence to buy or Horses,

Cattle, Sheep, Pigs, Chickens, etc. Our fences are made ofcxtra

heavy Steel Wire—both strand and stay wires No. 9 gauge.

SELLS AT 15 to 350 PER ROD DELIVERED. WE PAY THE FREIGHT.



Easy to put up. Stands staunch, solid and rigid. Won’t sag or

bag down. Gui-{prices are less than you would ay for much

lighter fences.— ences not half so durable. Write today for

sample and catalog showing :50 styles.





. The‘Brown Fence &. Wire 00., Dept 49 Cleveland, Ohio.

5.4 MP1. E Fl? EE





   





 





 





 





Winchester. Indiana.





.. a...“ a” .My “#2 --





Please mention the Michigan Farmer when you

are writing to advertisers and you will do us a favor.





 





 





The Cyclone Catalog

of Fences and Gates





is full of good things

on the protection of

lawns, trees, flowers

and shrubs. Let us

mail you one.





THE CYCLONE WOVEN WIRE FENCE CO.

1244 E. 66th Street. Cleveland, Ohio





snofiacumrnd;





Get our I909 prices on any style fence. We

sell direct.you get all dealers'andjobbers’

profit when you buy direct from our

factory. Write at once. Anchor Fence

8: Mtg. 60.. Dept. L. Cleveland. 0.





LIWII FENCE





_ ‘jm : _____ Mm designs. Cheap as

u Piafififdftfbfi‘ mw goal 32 pals: germs;

;..... vv .‘;;;; ooa recs



”.‘I |'¢"¢”¢"¢”:”¢”;ll IIIILIIJU'.‘ Olgaumhesand Cemeteries.

in. l’.”.0.l'.".lt.ll.ll tragic"; Coiled s ri Fence 00-1

-. .......... ”303' , ' “Tb!,1n&'





 





 





 





 

 

 





   

 

       





WARD FENCE ism":





N Old fashioned galvuiized. Elai-

' tic spring steel. Bold direct to

farm ere at manufacture“

prices. Write for particulu'l.

I





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Ward him 00.. Box 544 Decatur. ind.





 





 





no?