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PUBLISHE m





 





 





 





The Only Weekly Agricultural, Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State.





 





 





VOL. CXXXVIII. No. ls. l

Whole Number 3595.





DETROIT. MICH.. SATURDAY, APRIL 13. 1912.





81.00 A YEAR.

32.75 5 YEARS.





 





 





BEAUTIFYING THE HOME GROUNDS.





HE rapidly increasing demand upon



nurserymen from 1t1ral places for



shrubbery and ornamental trees is

a sufficient proof of the growing interest

of farmers in improving the appearance

of the grounds about their homes. As the

seasons recede, from the rugged but sim—

ple life of pioneer days, when pride was

taken not in the extent of one‘s domains.

but in how little one could get on with,

there is certainly being fostered in the

hearts of American rural people a broader

sentiment and deeper love for beautiful

homes. The farm folks of Michigan and

adjoining states share in this change.



\\'hile we must confess that there are

but few persons who can develop the

natural and artificial elements in and

about a home into a harmonious picture,

there are, however. a few fundamental

principles universally accepted by land-

scape architects which lie within the

scope of the average person’s ability to

tollow and actually work out in beautify-

ing his farm home.



The first step is to plan how the whole

landscape surrounding the home and in-

cluding it, may be wrought into a single

picture, with the house as the central

figure. The common method of planting

trees and bushes all over the front yard,

‘wherever whim or fancy may dictate,

causes us to admire the individual plants,

rather than the general effect of the

whole scheme. In passing a home thus

planted, We say. “\\'hat a beautiful ma‘

pie, or lilac bush,” when the impression

upon us should be such as to call forth

.the exclamation, “What a beautiful

home." Promiscuous planting over the

yard is certain to secure an undesirable

effect. For this reason one should start

his planting with some gencral scheme

in mind. and should follow this scheme as

he makes additions to his landscape pic—

ture.



As inferred above there should be a

central figure, and in beautifying the

home ground, the home itself should oc-

cupy this prominent position. The plants

should serve to make a border about this

central figure to limit or disguise the real

boundary for the same reason that we put

a frame about a picture. Then, there

should be the back—

ground, consisting of the

lawn and trees which

lend character and ef-

fectiveness to the whole .

scheme.



In painting his pic--

turc the artist is careful

not to permit some in-

fcature to

object





significant

i’uvcrshadow the

which gives a purpose

to his piece. ‘he story

is told that in painting

that great masterpiece,

"The last Supper." Lc-

onardo da Vinci invited

friends to View his pro—

duction after he had

practically completed it.

Some were delighted at

the group of disciples at

the head of the table.

others were in rapture

over some. particular

face, ct‘c., bttt thcy all

admired a be: iutit 11

bowl upon the table. The

artist thereupon remov—

ed the beautiful bowl

and put in its stead an

ordinary ‘ one. \Vhen

asked why he destroyed

so becoming a part of

his picture “he stated

that it attracted atten-





 





tion from the central figure, the Master.

Himself. Thus it is in improving the.ap—

pearance of our home surroundings, we

do not want to attract from the home

itself, but ‘ather we wish our planting

to extenuate and magnify the, home.

This is not accomplished iv p' ~1g

beautifrl trees directly in the la 1 in

front, nor will large, symmetrical ower

gardens established in holes in iht lawn

effect such an end. These rather detract

from the home. A general principle fol-

lowed by landscape artists is to leave the





 





The Summer





lawn more or less open before the house

and plant at the sides and rear thereof,

the shrubs and trees thereby performing

the otlice of a border. with the plants at

the. rear and the lawn in front serving as

a background. The first step, then, is to

see that your plan makes a picture of

your home.



A second step is to open Vistas over-

looking beautiful or desirable scenery and

making screens of plants in directions

where objectionable things are located.

This will require, if it is to be done





 





carefully, that a map of the house and its

surroundings be drawn to scale. One

should the-n go to the different windows

of the house and determine by observa—

tion, where he should provide vistas and

where screens should be grown to obtain

the above results and mark the precise,

place upon his drawing. It must not be

forgotten in making these observations

that views which are often objectionable

may be made attractive by a little care.

For example, an old stump or a stone pile

may be converted into a desirable picture





 





 





“Rest Room."





by planting vines and shrubbery about

them.



The question of expense usually enters

into the care of the farm lyomc. Labor is

scarce and whatever economy can be had

in this regard is desirable. By planting

hardy perennials at the sides and in the

rear of the house and cstablishing a good

lawn in front, one secures a, desirable

effect and the planting can be maintained

at a minimum of cost. There is usually

;. demand, howeyct, for a flower garden,

and the question arises as to the position





 





Home of Miss Jennie Buell, Washtenaw County, Showing Front and East Yard.





assigning the





,isfaction in





in such a general plan as indicated above

for the flowers. There is no question in

place for this

plants in a scheme like we have been dis—

cussing. The flowers should be located

just in front of the shrubbcry at the edge

of the lawn where they do not interfere,

with mowing the grass. The shrubbery

itself provides a background for the now—

crs which adds to their beauty. in such

a position as this flowers can ln- planted

abundantly and the effect is not destroyed

should a few of them fail to grow, or if

cuttings are made. But the contrary is

true where one attempts to put a formal

flower bed in the center of tin lawn. .\

failure of the sold to mature, or the

picking of a blossom by some of the chil-

dren will mar the effect (ionscqucnl y

the planting of llowcrs along thc borders

of the clumps of shrubcbry will prch

economical of labor and give gt-ncral sal—

securing

wholt» planting, besides the

pick an armful of “posics” and need not

be scolded for ruining the appearance of

the front yard.



Again, the planting of low shrubbery

close to the wall of the house will ovrr—

come the abrupt lines of color and form

between the lawn and the building and

make one to feel that the house naturally

belongs where it is. Flowers may be

placed along the border of this shrubbcry

if desired.



Tall trees should occupy a position co

the side or rear of the house where they

will intimate, by peeking over the roof.

that the owner is not displaying all his

possessions on the front lawn. suggest

reserve and arouse (uriosity They also

form a background for the house. This

result is often set urcd by planting an or-

chard at the rear of the dwelling.



\Valks and drives are necessary evils

in the home, landscape and should be rc-

(luccd to a minimum. Thu should go as

diiect as possible between the 1H ints they

connect.





child may





Let us now rcvicw the ground we have

(overed:





]. Make a. plan of the grounds anti

buildings.



2. Study to make a single picture with

the house as the central





figure.

:1 I' '

u. \cep the iron!

lawn more or less open.

l. l’lant shrubbery





and trees on the side

and rear of house.





5. I.U('ilit' the llowcr





beds on the border of

the lawn by the shrub—

in‘l)’.

ti. l’ut tall trccs at

side or rear of dwelling.

7. Makc walks hr:

and (lll'(t'l.

Planting Native Trees.

“'0 advise the use 11.‘

as many of the 11.11ch

pt'rcnnials as

in the

'i‘hcse.





possible

home planting.

plants are ac—

climatizcd, and the

planter should be bet-

ter acquainted with the.

conditions under which

they grow than with

i111 port 0 d specimens.

Then they usually lit

into the geneial sur-

roundings with moro

grace than do tropical,

or European, or Asiatic,

specimens. _\ few sug-

gestions on securing

these native trees for

(Continued on p. 454).





1_~_;.:~...~., a. N -Mw





class of





harmony to the
'434 an





THE KING ‘DRAG Foil-COUNTY ROAD

IMPROVEMENT. . ' ’





 





Not a little interest seems to have been

taken in the suggestion“ lately made

through these columns regarding the

timely use of the King drag upon coun-

try roads. If used at just the right time

in the spring when the roads have settled,

this simple inplement will do more to-

ward makingand maintaining good roads

throughout the season many times over

than would the same am0unt of time and

labor expended in any other manner, as

has been suggested through these col-

umns. In response to that suggestion

many requests have been received asking

for details of the construction of the King

drag. and for the information of those

who would build an implement of this

kind we. herewith give an illustration of

the original King split log drag. and also

a similar implement constructed of planks

and working on the same principle. The

dimensions are given in the cuts and the

construction is so simple as to be easily

understood by every reader. There are

also manufactured at the present time

all-steel drags of this principle which sell





THE ‘MICHIGAN FARMERg.‘





that some of. them willbe injured. '_They





beecme black'at' the center and soon de-_





cay if planted.



In treating seed with formalin to rid

them of scab spores be careful not to

overdo the matter. Last year, wishing to

do a thorough job, I looked up the direc—

tions in two different bulletins. Each

one said to soak the seed 90 minutes in

a solution containing 16 fluid ounces of

formalin to 30 gallons of water. I fol-

lowed the directions and injured quite a

lot of the seed, so the coming season I

shall soak the seed not over one hour.

As an experiment I left some of the po-

tatoes in the solution two hours and

practically all of them failed to grow, the

“eyes” being the part injured.



[InleSS potatoes are planted quite late

it is necessary to spray them with an

arsenical to control the potato beetle. We

use four pounds of arsenatc of lead paste

to 50 gallons of water. It is important

that the vines never become “stripped.”

Last year I sprayed, the first time, when

only occasionally a bug could be found

hatching. Two persons who saw the op-

eration said that it was a waste of mate-

rial. Later a second application was





 





at a moderate cost, but are. perhaps no

better for practical use than are the

home-made types.



it' the earth road is dragged with one

of these implements at the proper time.

and if dragging is repeated at just the

right time aftcr heavy spring rains. all

ruts will be smoothed over. the surface

of the roadbed will become dried out and

will harden down in a smooth and com—

pact torn. which will improve the condi—

tion of the roads throughout the summer

season. It does not require a great deal

of time to go over one—half mile or mile

of road in this manner and it would be

a profitable investment to any farmer to

thus care for the road between his farm

and his market town. or at least that

portion of it which is contiguous to his

land, even though no credit were granted

by the township highway authorities for

that work.



But the greatest bent-tit to be derived

from the making and using of a King

drag by a farmer in any neighborhood is

the object lesson which will thus be af-

forded as to the efficiency of this imple-

ment in tl‘c betterment of the highway so

that in succeeding years the township au—

thorities will be. glad to follow his lead

in this timely dragging 0f the roads at

a scascn when results from the time- and

labor expended will be most profitable.





LATE POTATOES PLANTED EARLY.





"\thn potatoes are cheap, plant them,

when dear, sell them," is a good rule to

go by when raising potatoes as a cash

crop. .\ better rule is to plant as ncarly

as possible, the same acreage, each year.

l’lantcd in that way. potatoes are an in—

vestment. not a speculation.



Early potatoes usually bring good prices

but they art- not always :l profitable crop

to raise. ltlarly varieties are lighter

yieldcrs than the late sorts. Besides this

natural handicap the yield is often still

further reduced through the injury dom-

by the potato beetle: lnvariahly early

potatoes are affected worse than those

planted lalcr.



.\ practice that is quite common around.

ill-[Hill is to plant a late variety medium

curly. about the middle of May. The

hinral New Yorker, planted at that time,

will be ready to harvest the latter part

of August or the lirst of September.



'l‘hert- are. several advantages in such a

practice. One has more time in which to

thoroughly {it the ground than when early

potatoes are grown. There is more time

in which weed seed may germinate and

be destroyed by harrowing. The potato

beetle is lcss troublesome than earlier.

The weather is generally line- whcn the

potatoes are fit to dig and usually the

crop (an be sold at good prices without

the trouble of storing it even temporarily.



Some growers recommend exposing the

seed to the light for a time before plant-

ing in order that it may become green.

The claim is made that such seed is less

apt to rot Awhen planted. From experi—

ence I know that if potatoes are exposed

to the direct rays of the sun on a hot day





made which was all that was neceSsary

to keep the vines free from bugs. An

adjoining field was sprayed four times.

with poorer results, simply because the.

owner let the bugs get a start before at-

tempting to poison them. Remember that

any kind of a bug can be poisoned easier

when taking its first meal than at any

subsequent time.



We used to spray with Bordeaux for

the blight but have discontinued its use

as we did not think that it paid. I have

heard experts on potato spraying say that

Bordeaux did not seem to control early

blight; My opinion is that most of the

early blight was burning caused by using

i’aris green. At any rate, since using

arsenate of lead as an insecticide we have.

had no early blight.



Late blight winters over in the seed po-

tatoes and can be detected when the

tubers are cut for planting. If all affect-

ed tubers are rejected at planting time

there should be no late blight develop in

the field to injure the crop. But if you

are- not positive. that your seed is sound

it will be advisable to spray your vines

with Bordeaux.



\Ve begin digging just as soon as the

potatoes will stand handling without be-

coming skinned or bruised. They are

picked up in bushel baskets, loaded onto

a wagon and hauled to Detroit. Some Of

them are taken to the vegetable markets

but a good many loads are sold on the

street in a German and Polish neighbor-

hood.



A machine digger is used and the po-

tatoes are dug only as fast as they are

marketed.



Wayne Co. W. POSTIFF‘.





THE EASIER WAY.



In the issue of February 8, we read of

how a depleted farm was built up and

the first step was to erect a fine barn

and silos and to start in with 15 dairy

cows. Then the article winds up.with

the statement that the farm was cheaply

reclaimed.



Now, to the average Michigan farmer

such a course would be considered an

enormous expense. How. then, are we of

limited means to build up our farms and

increase their producing power?





 





I am satisfied that nearly every farm

in this lOcality needs limestone. I‘Ve oc—

casionally get pretty fair clover crops

but it is generally after an application

of manure or on account of a wet sea-

son. I am convinced that the reason clo-

ver does not stand dry seasons is because

the acids below rise with the capillary

water and prevent bacterial action: while

if we have rains the acids are kept down

below the surface soil sufficient to allow

the bacteria to thrive and the clover

plant is thus enabled to make a more or

less successful growth. I think Mr. Lillie

is nearer right in this matter than Mr.

\Vashburne. Nearly every farmer will

concede that if you can grow clover you

can grow anything. So the question is.

“How can we get clover? I am planning





to fit a piece of ground this spring for





clover alone and to invest the price of

one dairy cow in limestone and to seed





‘to mammoth clover with the. intention of





either, clipping or rolling down before

cutting the following season and to take

nothing off the field except the seed.





When I sowed my wheat last fall I

gingered up the soil with a. little com-

mercial fertilizer in hopes it might in—

crease the yield and at the same time en-

able me to get a good clove: catch this

spring. I have no notion that I have en-

riched the soil and if the clover begins'to

die out when dry Weather comes, I'll

make some litmus tests and perhaps try

to dig up the price of another dairy cow.





The agricultural writers and institute

speakers almost without exception, bom—

bard the farmers with the statement that

they must make all the manure they can

and strive to impress upon their minds

their great loss if they allow any of it to

go to waste. Then, too, a great many

farmers think that by pasturing their

land they are enriching their soil. Now,

as to the facts in the matter. Accord-

ing to accepted chemical analysis, corn

stover contains 60 per cent more nitro—

gen, as much phosphorus and twice as

much potassium as its equal weight in

fresh farm manure. Oat straw and wheat

straw both analyze higher than the farm

manures; and clover hay contains four

times as much nitrogen, two and one—

half times as much phosphorus and near-

ly four times as much potassium as its

equal weight in farm manure.



Yet, Mr. Robison infers that all this

residue is of no particular value except

the nitrogen the legumes gather from the

ar.



lt has been demonstrated that in live

stock farming from one-fourth to one-half

of the nitrogen is destroyed or wasted,

one-fourth of the phosphorus retained by

the animals and the organic matter re—

duced to one-third or less.



Now, then, why should any rational

far er wishing to restore his farm, deem

it asolutely necessary to manufacture

manure? Those farmers who attended

the State Round‘Up Institute, whose

minds were in a receptive mood to accept

the facts as stated by Dr. Hopkins and to

grasp the situation as he presented it. are

in a fair way to redeem their farms,

solve the labor problem and keep their

boys at home.



I'nderstand, I have no quarrel with the

dairyman or any other live stock farmer

but I do object to beng continually told

that I must convert the farm residues

into manure to make them valuable and

available; and I doubt very much if the

average dairy or live stock farmer was to

count interest on his investment and

wages for labor, that his profits would

(ompensate for what he loses in trying to

make. value by converting hay, straw and

grain into manure. ‘



On the other hand if, while the grain

farmer is makng hay, a series of rains

should set in and damage his clover as

hay. he can say. “Oh, well, never mind;

it is worth nearly $10 a ton at commer-

cial rates as fertilizer, besides all the or—

ganic matter which somehow seems to

have no commercial value." ‘



I intend to use some commercial fer-

tilizer on my corn this coming season:

not to enrich the soil but as a tonic to

coax it to give up and render available

some of its‘ locked-up fertility. There

were some cattle on the place last year

and they diligently prevented the clover

from forming any appreciable amount of

foliage and consequently retarded all ef—

forts of the plants to obtain nitrogen

from the air; so the soil is poorer by vir—

tue of both the pasturing and the ma—

nure.



That is, if all the manure had dropped

on the field two-thirds of the organic

matter was destroyed and a large per

cent of the nitrogen and phosphorus was

retained by the animals. and for lack of

foliage the bacteria on the clever roots

were drawn upon for but little nitrogen.



A course of straight grain farming and

actually plowing down all clover not nec-

essary for hay for the working stock is

an awful jolt and is highly disturbing;

but the closer we come to it the less dif-

ficult seems the feat of raising the- much

discussed 100 acres of corn.



What the farmer wants is facts, 'and

when he can bring mathematcs and

chemstry to his aid in his problems he 13

wise to accept their teachings for both

are. exact sciences.



So will say to the farmer of limited

means who has been brought up with the

idea that he must surround himself with

live stock before he can hope to succeed

that I firmly believe that there is an

easier way.





Cass Co. F. T. BRADY.





 





' APRIL '13, 1912.





BUILDING up A DEPLETED "FARM.





 





“Any farm can be built up to a good

state of production in two years," de-

clares Henry F. Willits, a well-known

farmer in Hillsdale county. “It is an

easy matter to build up a farm if syste-

matic methods are employed. Just go at

it. I have found the easiest way is to

start with corn. We will take for con-

venience, forty acres to be invigorated.

Twenty acres can be used for this crop.

Drill about fourteen quarts of corn to the

acre, all the hose of the drill distribut-

ing. Add to this fertilizer containing pot—

ash and phosphoric acid. Even if the

land is so poor it will not grow beans, if the

ground is carefully prepared, it will give

this fodder a good start. There ought to

be about three per cent nitrogen in the

fertilizer. After this crop is nicely started

turn in from six to thirty head of cattle-

or good western steers. This may mean

that you will have to go to the bank and

borrow a little money, but if your market

is all right. you are safe. Pasture this

fodder for about a month to six weeks.

Turn under the still. There will be a nice

covering of manure and an excellent root

growth which will be of great value in

giving the following crop an excellent

start. Put the ground to rye the last

half of September. Sow about a bushel

and a half to an acre, using about 200

pounds of commercial fertilizer to each

acre. This fertilizer should have nitro-

gen in its formula.



"I have seen land given up as wornout,

an‘t't‘ this handling has redeemed it. In

the spring the rye should be plowed un-

der and the ground planted to corn in

season. I will guarantee that if this

is done the soil will produce from thirty

to fifty bushels of corn t othe acre. The

farm is in good shape for the crop the

second year. and when built up it can be

kept up, and the same system may be re—

peated on the balance of the farm. If

the farmer follows the same routine with

the other twenty acres at the end of

two years, his farm is productive and in

fine condition. I would advise rolling the

ground after planting the corn. as ex-

hausted soils have but little humus, and

rolling packs the soil so it holds the

moisture better and will withstand the

drouih.



"The steers ought to make a gain on

the pasture of three pounds daily, which

will help nicely in paying fertilizer bills

and for seed. I have had cattle do that

good and even better.‘





Hillsdale Co. WALTER JACK.





STORAGE FOR USERS OF CEMENT.





Many users of Portland cement need

to store it only for the short interval be—

tween the time of hauling it from the

dealer and using it in the concrete work.

Any building with a good roof. tight side-

walls, and a dry floor will do. Make a

temporary double floor by means of small

beams or logs and icose boards. See that

driving rains or damp air cannot reach

the cement.



Directions for Storing Cement.



Portland cement weighs nearly 100 lbs.

per cubic foot, therefore judgment must

be exercised in loading the floor. Like—

wise, on account of its weight and pos-

sible damage from dampness, do not pile

the cement against the side-walls of the

building unless the house is full-lined or

skeleton—lined on the inside. Store the

tement so as to leave ’an open space or

an aisle along the sid malls and aisles

at places necessary, to separate ship-

ments. Get rid of an possibility of the

cement piles toppling over by laying the

bags. as a mason would say, "headers and

stretchers." that is, alternately lengthwise

and crosswise, so as to tie the pile to-

gether. Examine the bttildiug frequently

to see that there are no leaks in the roof

or side-~walls.



liven on the work, never pile cement on

the ground or on bricks. Throw down a

few blocks, lay boards upon them and

make a dry floor for the cement. Have

jusr enough cement on the work to keep

things going. A good tarpaulin is handy

to cover up the cement in case of a sud-

den shower. Always buy cement from the

dealer who has a dry store-house. If

the cement in tite'bag has been wet, it

is hard as a rock; do not use it under any

circumstances. However, do not mistake

lumps caused by pressure in the store-

house for “set-up" cement. Such lumps

crumble easily and the cement is perfect-

ly' good. Take care of the Portland ce—

ment just as carefully after receiving it

as a good dealer does, and, properly mix-

ed with sand and stone or gravel, it will

yield a building material proof for all

time against fire and repairs.





 





 





 





 





4

. XET'M'V‘-





 





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l





M’





 





 





 





 





 





APRIL 13. 1912.

FARM NOTES.





Adding Vegetable Matter to the Sollfor

Alfalfa. -





I have a piece of ground which I would

like to get into alfalfa. Soil is a gravelly

loam, slightly rolling. This field was

seeded to red clover in wheat last spring

but clover shows up very spotted. I

think the humus content of this soil is

very low as I understand same has been

cropped for three or four years to corn,

oats and wheat, and has had no,clover

to speak of. The wheat went 20 bushels

per acre last year with 250 lbs. of fer-

tilizer used per acre. Drouth was very

severe in this locality. Now would you

kindly advise me if you would recom-

mend: First, putting this into alfalfa

this seaSOn with a good application of

lime and thorough inoculation of seed?

if so advise depth to be plowed and

method and extent of tillage before sow-

ing, and when to sow, or second. how

would it do to plow early this spring,

drill in with grain drill two bushels of

shelled corn to the acre and plow under

when about knee high, keep will dragged,

disked and rolled down and early in Au—





gust, sow to alfalfa with a good heavy



application of lime? _

Hillsdale Co. E. H. N.

”While it is probable that a successful





stand of alfalfa might be secured from

spring seeding upon this land, provided it

were thorodghly packed down and a good

seed bed prepared after plowing and be-

fore the seed was sown, however, there

is no doubt but that future results of the

crop would be better if the supply of veg-

etable matter in the soil were supple-

mented before the crop was seeded. The

writer has not had an experience in the

use of corn sown broadcast for this pur-

pose, but knows of a number of instances

in which this plan has been used with

apparently excellent results, not for al-

falfa but other crops. The application of

a liberal quantity of lime after the- corn

is plowed down would doubtless neutralize

any tendency toward creating an acid

condition of the soil. There would be an

opportunity for an experiment which

would be productive of excellent results

if a portion of this field were seeded in

accordance with each of these plans and

future results noted. “'0 should be very

glad indeed to see an experiment of this

kind tried out and results reported for

1he benefit of other Michigan Farmer

readers.

Seeding Alfalfa In, vs. After Oats.



T have five or six—year-old timothy sod,

quite run out by June grass. It lays rath-

cr high, dry and rolling; mostly a south

and east slope; sub—soil light sand. I

want to put alfalfa on it as it appears

to be an ideal spot for that crop. 1 had

thought of sewing the piece to oats, which

would come off rather early and allow

me to barrow and fit the land to sow the

alfa fa early in August. (1 got what ap-

peared to be a good catch of alfalfa sowed

last August 26 on just a little test strip

of about 20 square rods). Some advise to

cultivate. the sod down this year in corn

and sow alfalfa early in 1913. I don’t

care so much if oats this year don‘t

amount to much for grain. The prime

requisite is the alfalfa. \Vlll probably

inoculate with culture- from Lansing.



Ber’rien Co. It. G. R.



\Vhere Securing a stand of alfalfa is :1

prime requisite, it would in the writer's

opinion. be the best practice to seed it

comparatively early in the spring with a

nurse crop of oats or beardless barley,

cutting the same- for hay before the dry

season affects the alfalfa seriously. This

is the practice advised by many of the

best authorities on alfalfa culture. The

writer will seed alfalfa this spring in a

light seeding of oats with a view of cut-

ting same for grain, having had good

success with this plan last year. if a

good crop of oats is desired, the plan of

seeding after the oats are harvested would

be a better one. There are, however,

some serious objections to this plan, one

being that there is considerable chance

that the ground will be too dry to make

the preparation of a good seed bed DOS-

sible for the alfalfa, when plowed after

oats, in time for it to get a good growth

before winter. if this plan succeeded last

year, however, it might be entirely prac—

tical to follow it this year. Successful ex-

Iwrienccs are the best guide in cases of

this kind.



Soy Beans as a Hay Crop.





I would like to learn from someone who

has grown them, or who knows, about

soy beans: how deep to plant them, the

best way to put them in to cut and cure

for hay, what varieties are best for that

purpose, and if it is necessary to inoculate





the soil for the first crop? \Vould they

make grcwth for hay without inocu-

lation?



Kalamazoo Co. G. P,





Soy beans have not been growu to any

considerable extent in Michigan as a hay

CF01). There is no doubt, however. of the

adaptability of this legume to Michigan

conditions. Regarding soy beans as a hay

crop, Prof. C. G. Williams, of the Ohio

Experiment Station. says: ”As a hay

'CTOD, the soy bean fills a valuable place.

While it is not probable that it will ever





THE MICHIGAN FARMER. (a)





take the place of clever and timothy in

the farm rotation permanently, yet such

seasons as the present, when clover and

grass failures are so general, the soy

bean will make a valuable substitute.”

Soy bean hay is nearly as high as alfalfa

in digestible protein and carries a larger

percentage of digestible fat. It is not,

howeVer, consumed as closely as alfalfa

on account of the coarse, woody nature

of the stems.



Soy beans require much the same sort

of soil and seed bed as corn. They should

not be planted until one or two weeks

after corn planting, when the ground has

become well warmed up. The seed should

be planted shallow, as poor stands result

from deep planting. One inch is deep

enough. Plant in rows 28 to 32 inches

apart, aceording to the cultivator to be

used. About three pecks of seed per acre

should be used for hay where planted in

'drills in this manner. In addition to stir-

ring with the weeder before the beans

get up, they should be given two or three

surface cullivations as required.

time to cut this crop for hay is when the

pods are nicely set. They can be cut

with a mower and raked with a hay rake

when the leaves are well wilted. They

should then be left in the windrow for a

day, then put in moderate sized bunches

where they will cure out in from three

to seven days. They are much more diffi-

cult to cure out properly than ordinary

hay crops, and care should be taken not

to let the leaves got too dry before hand-

ling as they become brittle and break

badly and must be saved if hay of a high

quality is to be had.



In case soy beans have never been

grown before upon the ground to be

planted, it; will pay to inoculate. lf soil

can be secured from a field which is al-

ready inoculated from 100 to 200 pounds





per acre should be sown. if this soil is

not available the sccd should be inocu-

lated with pure cultures, which may be





secured from the state experiment station.

.-\s to variety, it would he better to secure

seed grown in Michigan if possible, and

if not. a rather early variety from a more

southern location. The Ito San is per—

haps one of the most generally distribut-

ed varicties, but for hay the variety is

not so important as for seed, as some of

the varieties which produce an abundance

of grain further south will give fair re-

sults as a forage crop here.

Fertilizing the Soil for POtatoes.



I want to put in about two acres of p0~

tatoes. Soil is rather light sand knolls in

places and varies to pretty heavy black

loam. \\'as in corn the last two seasons

and clover two seasons previous to corn.

Has had no manure during either of those

years. Am now putting on cow manure

with plenty of straw and cut cornstalks

111 it. have ordered two tons of mixed

fertilizer, 10 pcr ce-nt potash and 10 per

cent prosphoric acid, balance all tiller.

1 am gathering hen droppings and mixing

up With about; equal quantity of sifted

hard (.oal ashes and short straw from

floor _of henhouscs, that I thought will do

for nitrogen. I have to hire all my plow—

ing done, the field is new full of corn

stubble just as the harvester left it last

fall. Land is naturally pretty well drain-

ed barring two or three low spo‘ts. Would





you advise early or late potatoes and

what kind? I can get some “Green



Mountain” seed from a neighbor.

Macomb Co. I. C.





This is certainly starting in right for

a good bi);r crop of potatoes, so far as'the

matter of fertilization is concerned. The

putting on of a heavy application of sta—

ble manure in the spring is not considered





The





 





l





. and the kind of





the best practice by many growers, forl

the reason that it is thought to induce

scab to some degree. However, this rc-‘





suit would not be as “likely to follow an

application of cow manure as if horse

manure or sheep manure were used, and

the coarse material applied will furnish

a desirable amount of vegetable matter

in thesoil, which should be plowed as

early as is practicable for best

After plowing, the commercial fertilizer

should be distributed as early as prac—

ticable so that it may be thoroughly iii-

corporated with the soil. In a field where

the soil varies, as described in this Ill“

(iuiry, it would perhaps be better to use

the available nitrogenous manure in the

form of hen droppings and coal ashes up—

tn the lighter and higher spots in the

field, as these will be more deficient in

nitrogen than the black, loamy soil on

other portions of the field. .

As to the kind of potatoes to plant, it

depends somewhat upon local conditions

and the manner in which they will be

marketed. Undoubtedly a much larger

yield can be secured if late potatoes are

planted, and probably a considerably

larger yield will be secured if they are

planted rather late, say after the middle

of June. However. on ground which has

been liberally fertilized and contains

enough humus to hold moisture the grow—





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Tell Us Your Road Troubles and Plans





Any manufacturer named below will gladly send you expert money, time and

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Iron Corrugated Culverts.





Send for Particulars and Prices





Dixie Culvert & Metal Co., Little Rock, Ark. ; Atlanta, Ga. Montana Culvert Company, Missoulm Mont.

California Corrugated Culvert Co., Log Angcles, ('31.; North Carolina Metal Culvert Co., Greensboro. N. C.

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Kentucky Culvert Company, Buechel, Ky. Sioux Falls Metal Culvert Co., Sioux Falls, S. Duh.

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PAINTS é VARNISHES





FOR THE FARM





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Address all inquiries to The Sherwin -Williams Co.,669 Canal Road, N. W., Cleveland, Ohio





\





3*





6y





\.

\
436 (4)

er's revenue from the crop. in a year like

the present one, might be increased by

planting a late variety of potatoes as

early as practical in the spring. This

would insure the ripening of the crop at

a time between the flush of the early and

late potatoes on the market, at which

time the price is generally as good as at

any time during the season. This,_ how—

ever, is a matter for local determination.

The Green Mountain is a good variety,

and Would probably serve your purpose as

well as any, if late potatoes are used.





\\'hc-re the ground" is as liberally fer-

tilized as is contemplated in this case,

the tubers should be planted rather

thickly in order to get a maximum yield

oi Dtll‘dLOeS of a merchantable size. Sur-

t‘ace cultivation should be given through-

out the season and, of course, the vines

should be kept free from bugs. which is

a considerable task where the crop is

planted early and the principal reason

why more farmers do not follow this

practice. Early planting, however, ob-

viates very largely the danger of late

blight, which is an argument in its favor.





Popcorn as a Cash Crop.





“'ould you please tell me if pop corn is

a prolitable money crop? I would put it

on new ground. Explain planting and

cultivation. How long would it have to

cure after huslting, and would it have to

be sheded to sell to a shipper?



Kalamazoo Co. SUBSCRIBER.





l‘opccrn has attractive possibilities as

a cash crop. It is a crop for which one

can establish a special market for a first-

class article. Proper culture of popcorn

does not differ essentially from that of

field corn, except it being a smaller vari-

ety of corn it can be planted a little more

thickly The length of time required for

the corn to cure after harvesting would

depend altogether upon the manner in

which it is handled. it it could be tire—

dricd it would not be long, but several

months would be required under ordinarY

conditicns before it will be of first—class

popping duality.



Treating Seed Potatoes for- Scab.





My seed potatoes are some scabhy.

Hught l to treat them, and if so, how?

l'lense tell me what and how much to

buy, how to prepare it. how long to soak,





etc. i want to use fertilizer. Ilow much





per atre, how apply it. and what kind

night 1 to use? Land is sandy loam, fair-

ly rich.

BIccosla CO. A, H. VV.

The simplest method of treating seed





potatoes for scab is to soak the tubers for

one and one—half to two hours in a solu-

tion made by adding one pound of com—

mercial formaldehyde (40 per cent) to 30

gallons of water. There are- a number of

other remedies, but this one is now more

generally used and is both the easiest and

safest to handle.



Apply 300 to 1.000 lbs. of good potato

fertilizer broadcast and barrow into soil

or use- 200 to 300 lbs. in drills with the

potatoes, or both. Potatoes will pay well

for liberal fertilization. I'se a liberal

amount of fertilizer on part of the field

and note comparative results.





Plowing Down Rye for Alfalfa.



I put in 25 acres of rye late last fall.

Would it be advisable to sow alfalfa this

spring with the rye or would you turn

tllc rye under before sowing the alfalfa?

i have heard of inoculating the ground

and if you think this would be advisable

kindly tell me just how to do it. When

is the proper time to sow, and how much

to sow to the acre‘.’



Wayne CO. H. D. M.



in the writer's opinion it would not be

advisable to undertake to seed alfalfa in

rye on land that is badly run down. In

fact, for best results with alfalfa, the

land should be placed in fairly good con—

dition before the seed is sown. The bet:-

ter plan would be to plow this rye down

after it has attuned considerable growth

in the spring, then work the ground by

rcpclllt‘tl rolling and harrowing to form a.

good seed bed, making a liberal applica-

ton of commercial fertilizer to insure the

pre—scncc of available plant food. Inocu-

latc either by sowing a few hundred

pounds of soil per acre from a successful

alfalfa field, or inoculating the seed with

pure culture. which can be secured from

the State Experimental Station at nom-

nal cost. Either the earth or the inocu—

lated set-d should be immediately harrow-

('(l in after sowing, preferably on a cloudy

«lav as the sunlight destroys the virility

of the bacteria. The seed may be sown

at any time after the seed bed is prepared

and sell conditions are right for its early

germination and good growth,. but the-

weeds should be well killed before sowing

if this plan of seeding is followed. In

case clover has not thrived well upon

this land it might also be necessary to

make an application of lime before the

seed is sown, and in any event this shou‘d

be tried on a small scale at least, to de-





termhn whether the soil needs lime for





 





 





 





the. success of alfalfa or not. Northern

grown seed should be secured if possible.





 





PROVIDING LEAF MOLD.





 





There are two waste products in the

garden which are eagerly sought after by

those interested in growing plants or vege-

tables. The one is the wood ashes pro-

duced from the burning of the rubbish,

and the other is the leaf mold which ac-

cumulates from the decayed leaves which;

fall from trees and shrubs during late.:

autumn and in the early winter. Both of:

these most useful garden requisites may;

easily be wasted or thoroughly spoiled in;

the making. The heaps of leaves which;

have been gathered up may be all putl

together in one large pile. Rain puts the

leaves into a thoroughly sodden condition,

then when put into a good—sized heap,

they soon ferment and decay. In piling

dry leaves it would be quite necessary to

give them a good sprinkling of water.

The non-observance of this little precau-





 





THE "MICHIGA





N- FARMER. "





 

 





 





 





tion is one of the mistakes made in the

production of leaf mold. Dry leaves cake

but do not decay. They form a solid mass

in the heart of the heap, and in this way

a good deal of time is lost. To assist the-

decaying proceSS it is necessary to turn

over the heap two or three times during

the coming season. Leaf mold made in

this way is of the best quality, and is

ready for use long before a heap of leaves

would be if allowed to lie undisturbed

from one year's end to another,





INTERESTING FACTS CONCERNING

THE HIDE AND LEATHER

TRADE.





 





Notwithstanding the fact that hides

were placed on the free list when the

present tariff law was enacted, there has

since, occurred a rather remarkable ad-

vance in the hide market, present prices

being from 50 to 80 per cent above the

current hrices prevailing four years ago,

and over 30 per cent higher than the

prices current one year ago. In the spring

of 1908, cured or salted hides brought but

seven cents per pound. One year ago the

same class of hides were worth 91,5 cents

per pound. Selected packer hides for

sole leather that in 1908 were worth from

nine to 10 cents per pound are today

bringing 16% cents per pound.



Many of the hides used in the shoe in-

dustry of this country come from South

America, and it was with the view of

cheapening the, cost of the finished pro-

duct, madc from the thinner hides derived

from this source, that this commodity

was placed on the free list in the present

tariff law. Yet dry South American hides

have advanced from 15 cents per pound,

which was the prevailing price four years

ago, to 23 cents per pound at the present.

time. In view of this fact the question

as to the underlying causes becomes a

pertinent one.



This advance is doubtless due to the

shortness of the supply and the increasing

demand. There has been a decided re-

duction in the number of cattle main-

tained in this country, due to the break-

ing up of the great ranges of the west.

The census figures for 1910 showing a

decrease of about 10 per cent in the num—

ber of cattle in the ten-year period since.

the last decennial census. The figures

for population during this period show

an increase of 20 per cent. There has

also been a large increase in the demand

for leather for new and varied uses, such

as the development of the automobile and

the increase in traveling causing an enor-

mously increased demand for the manu-

facture of leather traveling bags, etc.

The world’s demand for leather is also in—

creasing on account of the decrease in the

use Of wooden shoes, which were formerly

extensively worn in many parts of the

world and still are to a considerable ex-

tent.



It will thus be seen that raw material





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IG BEN has some-

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your jewelcr’s, a money order sent

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do it day after day, year af-

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. There are 16,000 jewelers in

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‘to Wextclox, La Salle, Illinoz}, will





 





 





 





 





 





F ROM HIDE T0 SHOE





There Are Reasons—Good Reasons—Why





Rouge Rex





Flrst.-—Thev are economical—not cheap. mind you—

but economical in that they give more real wearing

service to the dollar than any other make of shoes.



Second—They are comfortable.

in order that a shoe give service, that it be made of stiff, hard leather that irritates and

blisters the feet, and that cannot be made over respectable looking lasts.

are made from Wolverine Leather well put: together. as soft and pliable as buckskin, but

tough as wrought iron. And ROUGE REX SHOES FIT. They please from the day they are

first put on until they are worn out.





 





 

 





You Should Buy





   





Shoes





   

 





It is not necessary





 

 





Rouge Rex Shoes





 

   





Look for the trade-mark in colors on your dealer’s shelves. and

when you find it ask to see the shoes. Note the mark well—an Indian

head on a skin. It is also stamped on the bottom of every shoe and

is a. sure sign of quality. If your dealer has no Rouge Rex Shoes in

stock. write us and we will give you the name of a. dealer who has them.





HIRTH=KRAUSE COMPANY





Hide to Shoo

Tanners and Shoe Manufacturers,

Grand Rapids, Mich.

We in the leather from which long: Iex Shoes are nude.





 

 





   





   





 





 





 





 





for the manufacture of shoes has advanc-

ed rapidly in recent years. One promi-

nent shoe manufacturing concern in a re-

cent report states that the total number

of hides consumed last year in its opera-

tions aggregated 382,573. These facts and

figures show that there is a basic eco-

nomic reason for an apparent increase in

the cost of living so far as the items of

footwear and other leather products are

concerned. an increase, however, which

is of sufficient benefit to live stock pro,

ducers through the additional value of

their animals sold, due to a larger intrin-

sic worth of the hides, which is out of

proportion to any increaSe in the cost of

first-class makes of shoes, advertised un-

der trade-marked brands, which it is al-





.I v,_‘<





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The Old Silo Troubles Banished—mo more

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NATIONAL FIRE PROOFING COMPANY





Agricultural Department A.





Huntington. Indiana.





 





 





ways good economy to purchase for their

wear. _





 





When writing to advertisers please mention the Michigan Farmer.
“‘ ‘2; ,. ., F "'< ‘“**"~‘*j"”’“\ -v’-m ,. a? .. . .._§..: Muzak. .‘Z'.._.;





in.





l



l



l



l



l

+3-





 





       





.APRIL 13, 1912.





ALFALFA EXPERIENCE.





I have read with much interest the

article written by E. M. Moore, on alfalfa,

which seems to cover nearly every ques-

tion to be raised by Michigan farmers.

Excepting one, and that is the stoppage

of tile drains. As most of the land here

is tiled many object to planting alfalfa,

fearing it may close their drains. Al—

though no one seems to know that it will,

any information ,on this question would

be of much interest to many of our farm-

ers. 1 know on the seep lands of the

west Where tile drains are laid six rods

apart, alfalfa does fine and 1 was told

that it was most profitable as it cost

nothing for irrigation, although the ques-

tion was not raised as to the roots stop—

ping the tile.



1 haVe. seeded with alfalfa in many

ways and my experience is the same as

that of Mr. Moore in all that he says.

While it is quite possible to get a stand

with a nurse crop, yet by sowing alfalfa

alone it does so much better that one

feels Well paid, especially if he, has two

pieces, one with and one without a nurse

crop.



l have found that, by cutting the first

crop of June, clover and when the hay is

taken off plow and keep disked or har-

rowed” about once a week until about the

middle of August and seeding to alfalfa

it does fine. and in this way I get a

crop of clover hay for use of land. I

think We haVe gotten just as good a stand

with eight or ten pounds of seed to the

acre as where we used 20 pounds, but I

would not plant in ground where alfalfa

had not been grown. without inoculation,

and think to sow dirt about 300 pounds

to the acre taken from an established al—

falfa field or sweet clover bed, as good as

any way and as little trouble.



Hillsdale Co. \\'. G. BOYD.





A WORD FOR SOY BEANS.





The soy bean, also called the “soja

bean," is a native of southeastern Asia,

but of late years has been cultivated ex-

tensively in the l'uited States. As a for-

age crop soy beans have become of in~

creasing importance. in fact, We know of

no plant having a wider or more useful





_ range of possibilities than the soy bean.





\\‘hen one stops to think of the great

feeding value of the grain; of the plants

being very valuable for forage; that the

soy bcan is a legume and a heavy gath—

crer of nitrogen, and of the fact that it is

not exacting as to the kind of soil it is

grown on and by no means difficult to

grow, one can readily realize that the soy

bean occupies a position unioue among

all our crops.



The soil requirements are much the

same as those of corn, but will make a.

satisfactory growth on poorer soil than

corn. They succeed well on sandy soil.

as on rich soil they are apt to nake a

large plant growth and a small yield of

seed. Soy beans do not require a well-

drained soil for their best development,

although they will not do well in a soil

where water stands for any considerable

length of time. llowevcr, they are able

to withstand a greater amount of moist—

urc than corn. Soy beans are, also de-

cidedly drought rcsistcrs. The grain is

as greedily eaten as corn and is very

nourishing and is apparently as easily di-

gested as any grain we have ever fed. lt





_a'so has a tonic. effect. and stock that





are fed on this grain become full of life

and energy as with no other grain we

have ever fed.



\s a hay plant the soy bean certainly

deserves notice, especially so when the

new varieties are used. These are not

«.2in large enough to produce a great

quantity of feed, but the stems are fine





‘ enough to be eaten up clean. causing no





waste. The habits of new varieties are.

better than most of the old ones. The

plants stand erect, making them easy to

cultivate and harv'est. As a nitrogcn-

gatherer the soy bean has no superior,

and when a crop to plow under is desired

nothing is better, in my opinion, to add

humus to the. soil. lts possibilities for

silage have not been fully demonstrated,

but in connection with corn it makes as

highly satisfactory a product as any that

I know of. The beans make a well bal-

anced ration. \Yhen these facts are taken

into consideration its high value will be





.realized, as it will grow on either fer-





tile or impoverished soil.





Good preparation of the soil is neces—

sary, otherwise weeds are likely to choke

out the young plants. I plow deep and

work good with disk and harrow until a

firm seed bed is made. The crop should

be grown in rows and given sufficient cul-





n





THE MICHIGAN FARMER. ' .5, 437





tivation to keep down the weeds. It is

very important to plant seed of good

quality. Plant shallow, about one inch,

not more than two. Poor crops result

more frequently from too deep planting

than from any other cause. One bushel

of good seed is enough to plant two or

three acres, if planted in cultivated rows.

I plant them about the 15th or 20th of

May. if the ground. is warm, but if plant.-

cd for hay can be planted much later.

From my experience I cannot speak too

highly of soy beans on the farm.

\\'ayne Co. J. P.





SOME ALFALFA OBSERVATIONS.





Some twenty yearsoago I sowed one

bushel of alfalfa seed on wheat ground in

the spring, the same as I would have

done with June clover. I had a fairly

good catch and the alfalfa lived and grow

through the summer and fall, but the

following spring there was prolonged al—

tcrnate freezing and thawing, so that it

broke and lifted about half the plants en—





 





tirely out of the ground. The land was

slightly rolling, the soil clay and gravel,

the former predominating, and what was;

left l did not (onsider a sufficient standk

and plowed it up. Some of the seeds hadJ‘

fallen close to and along a fence wheroi

1 did not plow, and were left to grown}

\Yeeds and June grass had fallen over‘



l



l





these plants and the freezing and thaw-

ing did not injure them;



I also, from that same bushel of seed?

had scattered some here and there all}

over the farm to see what it would do nil

different locations and under differcntl

conditions. As a consequence ] had a

little alfalfa all over the place and some

of it lived for the next fifteen years. I

observed the plants at different times

each year. I had planted a few kernels

close to and around a tree stump in a

stiff clay on a little rise of ground be-

tween two cat holes in which there was

water during half the season. I remem-

ber distinctly one year the fore part Of

August, after a prolonged hot and dry

spell. when .lune- clover and all kinds of

grass was so dry that flame applied to it

would have caused a rttnning fire, and yet

as I passed along it. the alfalfa stood

there full two feet high and as green as

in May. I observed it in early spring

alongside. of June clover, when the June

clover gust commenced to grow ottt leaves

from its crown and the alfalfa stood there

four inches from its crown.



Here We have a plant, a nitrogen gath—

crcr, a subsoil plow and undcrdraincr all

combined in one; a plant that will send





its roots down anywhere from ten to,

twenty feet, and more, a valuable food





for nearly all kinds of animals. \Yhat

more could We ask for? \Vhy should we

Worry about the, impoverishment of the

upper ten inch of soil when we can draw

on twenty feet and more! How I happen

to know the length of the roots; I saw

one year old alfalfa growing close to a

gravel pit which. had caved in and ex—

posed the roots. The alfalfa close to the

crown measured a little less than one

quarter of an inch in diameter and the

length of the entire root was nine feet

exclusive of the fine fibers at the end.

and I know that full-grown alfalfa some-

times reaches three-quarters of an inch

and even more in diameter, so it would

be reasonable to suppose that the roots

go down in like proportion.

Ingham CH. C. I“. GRIEB.





 





LIMING WHEAT AND RYE FOR

CLOVER.





 





 





\Vill Mr. Lillie please tell me whether

or not I can apply lime on wheat this

spring for benefit of clover to be sowed

this spring?



Hillsdale Co. SUBSCRIBER.



Of course, if you wait until the ground

is dry enough so that you can drag it

thoroughly, sow on the lime and harrow

it in, you will get some benefit from it,

but the lime ought to be more thoroughly

mixed with the soil than you can mix it

by harrowing the wheat, unless you en—

tirely destroy the wheat. My idea would

be to not seed to clover this spring but

wait until after you harvest your wheat,

then fit your land up in fine 'condition,

put on your lime, and then sow your clo—

Vcr seed alone. If you would fit the

ground just as soon as you get the wheat

off, early in July. keep it we'll worked

until about the first of August, perhaps

the middle of August, then sow your clo-

ver seed, I think you would stand just as

good or even a better show of getting

a good stand of clover, and then you

would get the lime well worked into the

ground when you are fitting it.



COLON C. LILLIE.





 





 

 





 

 





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SIZE OF TILE FOR TEN-ACRE

SWAMP.





 





I have a swamp of about ten acres

which has no drain. The muck is about

eight feet deep in center. Twenty rods

away is a swamp with drainage, which is

ten feet lower than my ten-acre swamp.

All the water that runs in is from snow

and rain. It dries up in summer but not

early enough to grow crops. What size

tile should I use for outlet and mains?

How much slope should I give the outlet

running across the field to lower swamp?

How much below the surface should I lay

my mains and laterals after tapping the

swamp?



Kalkaska Co. E. C.



Since all of the water that has to be

taken care of in this 10-acre swamp is

what falls on it naturally in rain or snow

a four-inch tile would drain it properly

if the outlet was close to the sWamp, but

since the outlet is about 30 rods from the

swamp a great deal of the capacity of the

tile will be lost in friction after the water

from the swamp to be drained has soaked

into the drain, consequently I would use

a larger tile for this. I would begin at

the lower swamp or the mouth of the

drain and lay five-inch tile up to the

swamp that I wanted to drain, and then

put in four-inch tile for the main ditch

and use three—inch tile for the laterals.

This will drain it" perfectly.



E. C. says that this swamp dries up in

the summer time of its own accord, but

that in the spring it holds the water so

long that it is impossible to get in crops,

consequently it isn't neccsary to lay the

tile drain very deep. I should say three

fcet deep for the main would be plenty.

What is wanted is to take off this sur~

plus water in the spring and the quicker

you get it off the better, and later on in

the scason there is natural drainage that

takes care of the moisture. Of course.

the deeper you put your lilo“ the farther

it will drain the land on .either side, but

it is considerably more expense to dig a.

ditch four feet deep than one three feet

deep.



COLON C. LILLIE.

PLANNING TO SAVE TIME.



In almost any neighborhood can be

found one or more farmers who have no

work planned ahcad from day [0 day, and

when a storm or something else interrupts





lihem, and puts a stop to the work they





are doing. they waste hours just because

they have not planncd ahead with the

thousand and one things which are always

waiting to be done. Each thing may not

be so important in itself, but taken all

together they go a long way towards

spelling success or failure. 'The farmer

who, interrupted by a storm. lights his

pipe and smokcs and “waits for the clouds

to roll by,” will probably never die of

“nerv0us prostration,” but he is apt to be

one of those who declare that ”farming

don't pay."



Every farmer ought to haVe a. work-

room, which can be heated in cold weath~

er, where he can work in comfort on

stormy days in winter. A great deal can

be accomplished. if one has the work

planned ahead, and so knows just' what

to do when the stormy day gives the

leisure hour. or hours, needed. A cheap

account book, which can be purchased

for five or ten cents, can be used, and

kept in some convenient place, with a

pencil attachcd to it with a piece of string

SO that, when a small job comes to mind

it can be put down. It would be well to

have a heading for “Rainy Day Jobs.”

and “Pleasant Weather Jobs." l’ndcr the

former could be put down tools to be re-

paired, harness to be mcndcd. “'ith a

few tools and material in the work-room,

and making use of odd hours and min-

utes, many dollars, and much time can

be saved in the course of a year. There

are few men so clumsy they could not

mend an ordinary break in a harness, if

they had the proper tools, which can be

had for a few cents; the harness maker

in town might do a. neuter job, but he is

not on the spot to make repairs, and he

wants good money for his work, as is

proper. Repairs can also be made on the

farm tools, broken rounds in plow or on].

tivator can be replaced by new ones, a

missing screw or bolt replaced. which may

be the "stitch in time to save the nine."

The work-room ought to have an assort~

mom of nails, screws and carriage colts.

which can be purchased cheaply, and will

often save a trip to town at a busy time.



Even in pleasant weather there is often

time for doing small jobs; it may be the

farmer. and perhaps the hired man, finish

some work, and it is still half an hour, or

an hour, till dinner or supper time. Per-

haps the hired man would like to sit

round and gossip or smoke till the meal

is ready, but consult that book! Isn't





 





 





FENN MANUFACTURING 00.. Charlotte. Mich.





\





there- a dead, dying, or simply a worth-





 





THE MICHIGAN ‘ FAR r, . "ER





less tree In the orchard which ought to

be made into fire-wood, perhaps there is

one or more which the last hard wind—

storm blew over, that are unsightly, in

the way, and ought to be cut up into

wood. You have half an hour, much can

be done in that time, where one has the

will. The job may not be finisher, but a.

start; will have been made, and‘ some

other half-hours will complete it, the

orchard will look better, the tree will be

out of the way, and there will be‘ some

excellent wood seasoning for the good

wife to use. The next time you go to

town just notice the orchards you pass

and see how many of them have trees

which are down, dead or dying. There

are other trees on most farms, which

need to be cut down, dead limbs removed,

or living limbs trimmed off to improve

the shape or get them out of the way.

Too often shade trees are allowed to form

tops too low. It is not noticeable when

they are small, but by and by the lower

limbs get larger and hang lower, and get

in the way, and then have to be taken

off; better do it ‘while the tree is small,

then the scar will easily heal over. This

is one of the sunny day jobs, and can be

done in ten minutes if tools are handy.

one tree at a time if necessary. There

are usually fruit trees, or grape vines

near the house. which can be pruned a.

few at a time, if one has the inclination,

and the plans made for doing such work.

There is an old proverb about “saving

the pennies, and the dollars will take care

of themselves,” and on the farm we might

well change it into “save the minutes

and the hours and days will take care of





themselves." Time is money, whether

cents or dollars.

Eaton Co. APOLLOS LONG.





 





THE HIGH COST OF LIVING.





 





Much is bcing said and written on this

subject at the present time, and a great

many reasons are given for the cause.

Some of the blame is laid to cold storage,





- some of it is laid to middlemen, also to





combinations, or what are termed trusts.

And for a while the farmers came in for

their share of the blame. But investiga-

tion has proven that they are but little,

if any, to blame, as to the cause for the

general complaint of the high cost of

living.



If the farmer had it in his power to put

his own price 011 the products lliat he has

to sell, then there might be some reason

for laying some of the blame on his

shoulders. But as every farmer knows,

he has but little to say what price he

shall receive for his produce, no matter

what the cost might have been to grow

and gel the same ready for market.



One of the principal reasons for the so-

called high cost of living to the- mind of

the writer, is on account of our present

mode of living, which is now demanded

by the present advanced state of society.

“hat was considered luxuries a quarter

of a century ago are now deemed neces-

sities. There is an increased demand

among all classes for everything that adds

to the ease, comforts and enjoyments of

life, and all these things must necassarily

add to the cost of living. If not carried

too far, is it not all right that there

should be such a demand?



Who would care to stop the progress

that is being made for the advancement

of society, and live just as people did in

what is termed the “good old times?” 0!

course, to do so would reduce the cost of

living. It is true people could get along

without using electricity, without auto-

mobiles, without good furniture and sil-

verware in their homes, and they could

live on the plaincst kind of food. All fra~

ternai societies outside of the church,

could be dispensed with, and many other

things that might be mentioned people

could live without, which would reduce

the cost of living. But all who expect to

keep up with the advanced state of so-

ciety, and be in "the swim," must pay

the price, even if it does add to the cost

of living.



Ottawa Co. JOHN JACKSON.



During February, 1911, we exported 10,-

805,255 bushels of corn with a value of

$5,672.387, according to figures furnished

by the Bureau of Statistfbs, Department

of Commerce and Labor, while in Feb-

ruary of this year we- exported only 6,-

980,004 bushels valued at $5,004,161. In

February, 1911, 1,333,038 bushels of wheat

were exported, valued at $1,181,933, while

in February, 1912, 1,156,943 bushels were

sent abroad. valued at $1,966,446. Of cat-

tle 8,165 valued at $764,010 were export-

ed in February. 1911, and 5,797 valued at

$557,383 were shipped last month.





APRIL 13, 1912.





TOO MUCH STARCH





A Food Problem.





 





An Asheville man tells how right food

did that which medicines had failed to

accomplish:



“For more than 15 years,” he says, “I

was afflicted with stomach trouble and

intestinal indigestion, gas forming in

stomach and bowels and giving me great

distress. These conditions were undoubt-

edly due to the starchy food I ate, white

bread, potatoes, etc., and didn’t digest.

I grew worse with time, till, 2 years ago,

I had an attack which the doctor diag-

nosed as appendicitis. When the surgeon

operated on me, however, it was found

that my trouble was ulcer of the pan-

creas, instead of appendicitis.



“Since that time I have had several

such attacks, suffering greatly. The last

attack was about 3 months ago, and I

endured untold agonies.



“The doctor then said that I would

have to eat less starchy stuff. so I began

the use of Grape-Nuts food for I knew it

to be Dre-digested, and have continued

same with most gratifying results. It

has built me up wonderfully. I gained

'10 pounds in the first 8 weeks that I used

Grape-Nuts; my general health is better

than ever before, my brain is clearer and

my nerves stronger.



“For breakfast and dinner, each, _I take

4 teaspoonfuls of Grape-Nuts with cream,

a small slice of dry toast, an. egg- soft

boiled and a cup of Postum; and I make

the evening meal on Grape-Nuts and

cream alonckthis gives me a good night‘s

rest. I am well again.” Name given by

Postum 00., Battle Creek, Mich.



“There’s a reason.” Read the little

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Ever read the above letter? A

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APRIL 13, 1912.





" grime”?





KEEPING LIVE STOCK WITHOUT





PASTU RE.

\





 





 





 





I have recently purchased an 80-acre

farm. The soil, a clay loam, has been

badly run. The farm is very level, on—

closed with good fence, all under cultiva—

tion except fiVe acres occupied by yards,

garden and orchard. My desire is to im—

prove the soil as rapidly as possible and

while doing ,so to make the farm pay as

large a div1dend on the investment as

possible. My idea would be to intensify

my farm operations as much as possible,

making the fa m thoroughly :1 live stock

farm and returning every particle of the

manure, «Liquid as. well as solid, to the

land. I would divide the 7:3 acres in three

fields of 25 acres each, following a three—

yeuir rotation of clover, corn and wheat,

set-ding with the wheat crop. \Vould put

20 acres of the crop into two silos, husk

the remaining five acres. sowing the corn

ground to wheat and seeding to clover

the following spring. \Vould let the clover

aftermath grow as large as possible, cov—

er with all available manure and plow

down for corn. Our average yields are,

corn, 80 baskets; wheat on corn ground,

18 to 20 bushels per acre. I would not

turn a hoof upon the farm to pasture

whatever, but would keep stock stabled

during entire year with daily access to

covered barnyard. I wish to keep five

horses, 10 cows, 10 head of young cattle,

50 hens, and a flock of sheep large enough

to consume all roughage above what the

other stock would require, raising and

fattening the lambs for market. Now

what I would like to know is, would this

stock do well under the above conditions

of confinement or would it be better to

subdivide the farm in smaller fields, us-

ing a four-year rotation of clovcr, pas—

ture, corn, wheat, supplementing the pos-

ture by feeding from silos? How large

silos would I need? \Vhat variety of corn

would be best to plant? \Vould the 25

acres of hay, five acres of corn stover and

:35 acres of straw, {“3ch what was need—

ed for bedding, furnish dry feed enough

to judiciously feed the amount of silage?

\Vould my wheat crop purchase all neces-

sary protein feed and other grains to bal-

ance tne rations? \Vould ship cream to

local creamery and feed skim—milk to





calves. How large a flock of sheep could

I keep? \chld this system of farming





pay out with the added expense of neces—

sary help or would it be advisable to use

a systematic rotation providing for a

yearly acreage of pasture?



Barry Co. SUBSCRIBER.



This idea of keeping live Stock confined

in barns and covered barnyards, or mere

exercise yards, the year around without

pasture, is a comparatively new idea, and

one that I do not think has been tried out

thoroughly in Michigan, but it has been

tried out other places. For instance, Rev.

Deitrich, down near Philadelphia, tried it:

out, so far as dairy cows are concerned,

in a thorough manner and proved it a

success. I have stated many times in

the Farmer that if my land was all level,

tillable land I would not have any pasture

at all, but part of my farm is broken land

caused by a creek running through it and

cannot be tilled, consequently I must

utilize this and have a small area of per-

manent pasture. The pasture, however,

doc-s not afford near enough feed and we

have to feed in the stable as well.





\Vhile I know well enough that you can

keep dairy cows in this way and keep

them healthy and everything all right, 1

am not so sure about sheep. Sheep have

a little bit different nature, and it may

only be a notion, but the most of us have

a notion that sheep are grazcrs and they

ought to have exercise. And yet I be-

lieve this is nothing more than a notion,

and I believe the sheep can be kept in

this way. It may be necessary to have,

a. small exercise yard in connection with

the covered barnyard for warm weather

in the summer time. (i)therwisc, I am

sure that the plan is practical. It will

take a little bit more labor, but you can

feed more stock on the same farm by far

and keep it at a greater profit. Of this

I am practically sure. I think the rota—

tion of cr0ps planned is a good one. I

wouldn’t know how to improve, it. In

order to get the best yields of crops one

must balance the plant food in the soil

as well as to balance the feed for the

dairy cow to get the best results, and by

simply using clover and stable manure we

are liable to get an excess of nitrogen,

and should purchase the phosphoric acid

and potash to apply to the wheat crop and

probably on the corn crop in order to bal—

ance up the food ingredients of the soil

to grow the most successful and eco-

nomical crops.



I would biuld my silos 12 feet in diam-

eter for this small amount of stock and

then would get my capacity by going up

into the air. Build them 40 or 50 feet

high. No one can tell whether the amount

of live stock mentioned will be sufficient

to eat up the roughage grown on the

farm, because no one can tell how much

can be grown, and in the same way. It





THE MICHIGAN FARMER. (7)





is impossible to State whether the wheat

grown will purchase enough necessary

food to balance the ration. It will all

depend upon the wheat crop. But I am

satisfied that, with _a few years of careful

work with this rotation of crops, the. pro-

ductive power of this land can be increas-

ed to such an extent that a greater

number of animals can be kept on this

80 acres of land than I]. C. T. is now

planning. I’robably twice as many, and

evon more.



COLON C. LILLIE.





BARLEY AND RAPE FOR FATTENING

LAMBS.



\Visconsin. with about the same general



soil conditions as Michigan, groWs one—



eighth of the barley grown in the 'l'nited





States. From the standpoint of pounds

of feed: Forty bushels per acre of barley





would be 1,920 lbs. of feed; 60 bushels per

acre of oats would be 1.920 lbs. of feed;

40 bushels per acre of shelled corn would

be 2,210 lbs, of feed.



The above yields of crops are above the

average, yet not far from the average of

good farming under good se'asonable con—

ditions. Corn involves much more labor

in production than does oats or barley

and is only in a remote sense to be Con-

sidered a competitor of barley or oats.



For seeding with clover barley is pre—

ferable to oats and equal to wheat when

comercial fertilizer is used with the bar—

ley. Perhaps no cereal crop responds to

fertilizer to a greater extent than barley

which is not only a rapid grower but a

surface feeder, two conditions calling for

available plant food. If the ideal soil,

—moist, dark, 1oam——does not exist all

over the field you can adjust conditions

with fertilizer to great advantage. Oats

will germinate at a lower temperature,

so hazardous early seeding would put in

barley later than oats. although it is

very rare that barley is in too early.



This crops fits into the sheep feeding

proposition for the crop of grain is ready

for both early and late feeding and is

almost the equivalent of corn for fattening

purposes. Three pounds of rape, seed per

acre put in at time of the barley seeding

with a grass seeder oftentimes prove-s an

additional crop of great feeding value for

lambs. There is some risk in this part of

the program, however, and while it suc-

ceeds the-re are dangers connected with

the procedure. A very growing season

will often give too much of the rape plant

in the bundles of grain and consequent

difficulty in curing the barley. Barley





 





 





 





 





needs to be harvested when moderately‘





green for if allowed to get over—ripe it

crinl-zlcs and many heads are lost. By

setting up in round shocks and well cap-

ped the, boards giVe no difficulty in hand-

ling. The crop, when well shocked, will

stand without danger of deterioration for

a long time. Threshing out of the field

is the ideal method for in this way the-

inconvenience of handling is reduced to

the minimum.



\‘i‘hen the rains come the rape makes

a great showing, and delights a flock of

natiVe lambs when weaned. A good crop

cf rape which costs little for labor and

seed under these conditions will make the





equivalent of $10 per acre in added lamb,

If the fall is very dry 1





weights and finish.

the rape crop will not amount. to much





 





and one would find little profit in the:





venture.

Loss of lambs from bloating is one of





those things that is not only possible but“





does happen. An abundance of salt is

a good preventative. The cull ewes which

are turned off from flocks can be madl-

into passable finish cheaply and quickly on

rape. Fall shorn coarse and middle wool

Stock do better than woolcd lambs, tbai

is, they keep clean and the absence of

ticks make, better gains. Lambs infested

with ticks have to spend too much time

rubbing against fences and posts to make

gains. V\’hcn winter feeding of lambs

begins the barley grain makes good gains

with clover hay. One merit of lambs is

that their grain feed requires no grind—

ing.



Each section of the country has some

peculiar feature of lamb feeding. In the

corn belt it is the corn field. In portions

of Colorado it is the pea fields, in others

alfalfa, and in Nebraska, corn. In Mich-

igan I am inclined to think that barlc-y for

later feeding of western stock and barley

fields sown to rape are, worthy of consid—

eration for early finish of natives. The

seasonableness of this observation is in

the prospective crop of barley and rape.

Do not spend time in growing the de—

natured or be-ardless barley. Beardless

barley is a. shorn Samson.



Shiawassee Co, JAs. N. MCBRIDE.





 





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Send for Our Free Booklet on Roofing





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He is reliable. Send postal today.





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172 Neponset Street, E. Walpole, Mass.





How does





 





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your sheep with the distinct understanding that it must do the work 0. K. or no sale.



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Send for copy of new 1912 catalague and Expert In-

structions on shearing sheep.



CHICAGO FLEXIBLE SHAFT COMPANY

115 La Sallo Ave, CHICAGO





   

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 





 





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DAIRY ASSOCIATION (30., MFRS.



Lyndonville, Vt.. U. S. A.





weeks old





 





 





Increased

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Humor yourhorses





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1





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THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





FEEDING AND WEANING PIGS.



The age at which pigs can be weaned

is indefinite. The time depends largely

upon their thrift, the season of the year,

the accommodation and the feed one has

for them. I do not consider it advisable

to wean pigs before they are two months

old. I prefer more to less age. I—gen-

erally wean my early pigs the first week

in May, as I like to raise fall litters from

a portion of the sows. Sows can ordi-

narily be bred within a week utter the

pigs are taken away. Sows that farrow

in May and June will be too late to breed

for fall pigs. It has been my custom to

let these run with the sows until they

wean themselves.



I prefer to have my sows with litters

in as small bunches as possible; prefer {1

house and u small yard with plenty of

grQSs for each sow. If they are thus di-

vided, and any of the pigs get out of or-

der. you at once know what litter it is

and can feed the sow accordingly.



Most of the ailments of pigs before

Weaning will have to be reached by feed

through the dam. Vulch the- little pigs

closely and if they look thin and hungry

see that their mother is better fed and

swdlled.



As it is next to impossible to raise a

litter of pigs without some of them get-

ting the scours, at one time or another. I

will give my treatment for this ailment,

which has proven very successful. I

watch them closely, and if any of them

on loo loose at the next feeding I dis—

solve u lcaispooufnl of coppcras in :1 little

.1311 11; mos or” 0] ll poo; pun .Ialttn map.“

swill. If the first dose does not prove

ell‘cciiyc, I give another the following

day.



When the pigs get from two to four

I Icnce off a corner in the

ynrd, where the dam cannot go, and give

the pigs shelled corn. As soon as they

ore. accustomed to coming for the corn I

begin by feeding: 21 little fresh milk di—

luted one-hull" with wulcr. I begin wilh

one cnpl‘ul and increase the amount as

.\s the stomach of EL

litilc pig is as sensitive and delicate as

that of a child. it is very important that

no milk be left in the trough from the

previous feed, as it tends to sour the

trough and the now milk. After I hthe

the pigs onlingnnd drinking, so they will

come. when called. and their stomach

thoroughly accustomed to the feed, they

are ready to wean. _



All the milk fed to pigs under three

months of age should be sweet, and then

not too much of that. I have at various

times fed much soaked food, but have dis-

carded it for dry Shelled col‘n all-(I dry

oats fed in self-feeders. I prefer dry feed

for two reasons: In soaking corn, outs,

ground or mill feed, it is almost impos-

sible to keep the feed sweet in warm

weather unless one has plenty of boiling

water and rinses the barrel at each feed.

If the feed is soaked, the pigs will swal-

low whole or liziif~kerncls without chew-

ing the feed: thus not being properly

mixed with saliva it is hard to digest and

may sour the stomnch, while the dry

grain is thoroughly chewed or ground.



Illinois. W'. 11‘. UNDERWOOD».





FEEDERS’ PROBLEMS.





they leni'n to drink.





 





Cottonseed Meal and Corn for Horses.

“in you plcusc tell me. what proportion

to mix cottonseed meal and corn meal

by the pound. to gel the some propor-

tion of protein and fat that outs contain,

and how much it will take of this mix—

ture. lo mnko the some zunounl of feed

'value that a pound of outs contains? 1

want it for horse feed. I don't think that.

corn contains enough protein for a horse





~io Work on.





SUBSt‘RIBHR.

One pound of cottonseed meal mixed

with live and (lilo—hull pounds of corn

will furnish as much protein as eight and

one-half pounds of oats. The fat in the

mixture will lie in a little excess of the

fat in the outs, but it will do no harm

because horses doing heavy work require

a lot of fat or carbohydrates, for the en—

ergy expended in the musculur work, and

I think that cottonseed meal and corn

meal mixed together in that proportion,

five and one—half pounds of corn meal to

one pound of cottonseed meal. and fed

with the understanding that this six and

one—half pounds is equivalent to eight

and one-half pounds of oats will make a

splendid ration for work horses. A num-

ber of experiments have been made at

our experiment stations with cottonseed

meal for work horses, and in every trial

cottonseed meal has proven to be a good

food. Of course. it doesn’t want to be

fed in excess, and this is a very intelli-

gent way that subscriber has in looking





()sccolu Co.





 





0A ATAL

' ARRY MFG.OO “Dept. - 15‘

EXISABIIIEITY. l0" AND IABSILLOR. OHIO





 





into the matter to find out the right pro-





. the ground freezes but little.





portion to mix the cottonseed meal with

the corn to give the- same amount of pro-

tein that he would give it he fed oats,

and mixed in that proportion no harm

can result. .



Rape Pasture for Hogs.



I am writing you in regard to rape pas-

ture for hogs. JI would like to ask how

much to sow to the acre and how many

hogs one acre will pasture?



Newaygo Co. R. C.



Dwarf Essex rape. should be sown at

the rate of four or five pounds per acre

broadcast upon a well prepared seed bed

and covered lightly, or a smaller amount

of seed, say two pounds per acre, may be

sown in rows and cultivated. At the

\\'isconsin station 20 grade l‘oland China

pigs Were pastured on u one-third acre

of rape. for 76 days, receiving, of course,

a grain ration at the same time, with the

result that 710 pounds of corn and 352

pounds of middlings were saved, as com.

pared with a similar pen fed without

pasture. In another trial 38 grade Chester

“'hitcs were pusturcd 42 days on six-

tenths of an acre of rape with a saving

of 886 pounds of corn and 444 pounds‘of

middlings, as compared with a similar let

not on pasture. The summary of these

two trials shows that one acre of rape is

equivalent to 2,600 pounds of grain for

pig feeding. Of course, the number of

hogs which can be pasturcd upon an acre

will depend not a little upon the season,

the size of the hogs, etc.



The Life of the Clover Plant.



I sowed some clover seed in the spring

of 1910. I cut this field in the summer

of 1911 for hay and in the fall of 1911 for

seed. The clover plants are alive at this

writing. T'ndei' favorable circumstances

will this field yield a hay crop in the

summer of 1912 and another seed crop in

the fall of 1912‘? This is the Common

.lune clover. I never knew of June clo-

ver producing two crops of seed. The

clover is alive now and looks very thrifty.



(‘alhonn C0. G A. B.



lied clover rarely survives the second

winter. and makes a good stand in the

lower counties of Michigan. It is not,

strictly speaking, howvver, a biennial. and

under favorable conditions it will live

not only two years but several years. The

writer has seen fairly goed stands of clo-

ver that have endured for a number of

years in the» northern sections of the

stale, and pul‘ticnlarly in the upper penin—

sula. This may possibly be attributed to

the fuel that there snow comes early and

There would

appear to be no reason why, if these

ClOVeI‘ plants are alivo at this time, they

would not under favm‘uble conditions give

a fair crop of buy this year and perhaps

another crop of seed. In a year like the

present, it would undoubtedly be: profil-

able to save such a field of clover for

this purpose, although under normal con-

ditions the best results are secured by

plowing,r it down the second spring after

sowing.





./





SEPARATING CALF FROM COW.





I'nder normal conditions the calf should

be removed from its mother within three

days from birth where the cow is to pro-

duce milk for commercial purposes. Some

of the advantages accruing from this





 





practice are: That the calf can be more

easily taught to drink from a bucket;

that there is less excitement caused to

the cow and culf by the early removul'

than when remaining together longer;

that the secretion of milk will not be im—

paired by the irregularity of the calf’s‘i

nursing and the incomplete milking.





INDIANA CATTLE FEEDERS' CON-

VENTION.





The annual spring meeting of the In—

diana Cattle Feeders' Association has

been called to meet in Lafayette at 10:30

a. m., Saturday. April 27, 1912. At this

time, the experimental cattle placed on

feed Nov. 17, 1911, will be finished for





market. All lots of steers have received

a grain ration of corn and cottonseed

meal. The roughage is different in all





lots and includes corn silage, clover hay,

and out straw in various combinations.

Valuation of the cattle will' be made by

commission men from Chicago and Indi-

anapolis. The cost of cattle, rate and

cost of gain. and profit per lot will be

discussed by the men in charge» of the

experiment. The opportunity will thus

be offered for the visiting cattle. feeders

to see the steers and know the exact cost

of the fat cattle and their value on the

market.



The source of supply of feeding cattle

is attracting much attention in Indiana.

The scarcity of cattle to fill the feed lots

of the corn belt is preventing many farm-

ers from embarking in the cattle feeding

business. A discussion of this question

will be given by Mr. John Clay, of

Chicago, who is especially well qualified

by his experience in and knowledge of

cattle raising to present the subject. “The

passing of the range and our supply of

young cattle.” Everyone interested in

cattle feeding problems is cordially in-





‘ JAMES IANUFAL'I‘UBING COMPANY





APRIL '43, "191.2.





Mimi”





l For the prevention and eradica-

tion of sheep scab Dr. Hess Dip

l and Disinfectant ls recognized as

the most eiiective. It meets

the requirements of the U. S.

Galemment as an official Dip

for sheep scab and its strength is -

always uniform. One gallon Dip

l makes from 50 to 100 gallons

1 eliective solution. It destroys

. parasites of all kinds and keeps

the skin clean and smooth.





This is the most popular dip

for sheep, hogs, steers, cattle.

It also cures man e on dogs

—purifies stab hes? ,barns,

troughs, sinks, etc.

Write for free

Dip Booklet

DR. HESS

& CLARK,

AIM-ml.

Ohlo





   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Write For Book

About This Easy Way To

Keep Your Barn Clean!





Cut work and time of cleaning barns in half!





Save your back and arms. Save money—boost

your profits. Keep stock cleaner and healthier!

Let us show you how! Others have done it.

you can too! Puts money in your pocket]





James Carriers





solve the problem. Get our fine tree book and read the

roof. Don't wait! Send postal at once. Book No. 1:

lie about James Litter and

Feed Carriers, and feed trucks.

No.10 tells about stalls, stanch-

ions, bull pens, calf pens and box





 





Barn Plan





   

 

 

 

 

 

 





stalls. Either or both FREE E. Service

Write postal, Satin

NOW! how many dalr oowg FREE





Mr. W. D. James.

America's foremost

Dairy Barn Design-

er. will gladly help

you plan your .

Write to him today.





on own. Also ask for “ elpful

film»; to Burn Builders,” our

most valuable book if you are

planning to build! Address





7031 Cane 8L, Fort Atkinson, Wis.



(Formerly Kent Mir}. Co. )



Originators of Sauna? Barn Equipment and

Barn Plan ervtoel





FIRE FROSI PROOF IIO PAINT





CESMEONT YOU MAY HAVE THE MATERIAL ON

YOUR OWN FARM. You CAN BUILDWIIII

cannon lAY'DOURR- QUALITY BEING IN





lllllllllllll lllllllllflllUllus PllllK BARRII.’





' mun CEHEllllllllliE suns cunts mops

cum) "l5 Willi mum; screw ooumnos mum

BLsoco K s AROUND "If STRUCTURE.





llllllllllISllll-lllllllllAllll





IREIGIII NIIIWED I0 HOMEIMI





ruusriuirro cATALooues' mu m" wuo KNOW





 





 





 





 





The value of enlilaao tor dairy or

cattle feeding is known to all. To not

result! carom not be taken in selecting

a silo. The 3088 811.0 is absolutely

guaranteed towproduoe the right kind

of outline by? Boo-unit





I8 'I’IIIIIIOIIGIILV MANUFACTURED



and has features that are important



d found on the Ron Silo only.



to“ b on: experience and build I

BOSS S 0. Catalog explain! all.



Amt. Wanted

The E. W. Boas mengst. 1850)

. 30! 14 on") _,





 





vited to attend this meeting.





 





CEMENIETIIE SIIO CG KAIAHAZIIO Illfll ‘





 





 





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APRIL 13, 1912.





IS IT PROFITABLE TO BREED

FILLIES?





 





I notice in your issue of March 3, Mr.

J. D. Bent, of Cass county, would like a

discussion on breeding fillies and will give

my experience in that line. In the early

50's I bred an ordinary work mare to an

imported Percheron stallion and got a

mare colt. She was small but nicely

built and at two years old I bred her to

a Percheron stallion and got a small colt.

but nicely put up. The mare at that

time weighed over 1,000 pounds and my

neighbors said I had spoiled her by

breeding her so young, and I thought per-

haps I had. I broke the colt in the fall

after he was tWo years old and from that

time he paid his way. At four years old

I sold the colt to one of my neighbors for

$145 after he looked the country over for

a. horse. He would weigh at that time

about 1,150 pounds. He. was kept in the

family until he was 17 years old then sold

for $7.3. -



I raised another colt, full brother to the

mare which I bred, which never was as

nice a colt or horse and never weighed

any more than the mare and was no bet-

ter driver from the fact that the mare

was used for years as the family favor-

ite and the raising of that colt was no

injury and I was something ahead. I at-

terwards raised several colts from the

same mare and never got anything better

although bred to larger Pcrcherons titan

the first one. I haVe known of several

cases of breeding two-year-olds and nev-

er heard any regrets from so doing. I





knew one party who trucked logs most of.1

two-ye-ar—old mare





one summer with a





 





 





 





colt with foal and told me afterwards he?





knew of no bad effect from doing so.

Van Burcn Co. C. B. WHITCOMB.





LIVE STOCK NOTES.





 





Hogs have been selling recently at the





highest prices of the year, and the un-,





dertone has shown unusual firmness, the





general trend being towards higher values





for the next few weeks. It is known by

this time that the eastern portions of the





country have extremely small supplies of‘





marketing, and there are not





the country





hogs for

many districts of





l

l





t





west of 1





Chicago that have many left, stock feed-L

ers having cleaned up the greater part of‘





their holdings. The spring pig “crop" is

now the main feature of interest, and re—





turns will be watched very closely. In So





5

r





widely Separated hog-raising sections as;





comprise the corn belt there

quite a diversity of reports on this score,

and while many farmers report their us-

ual numbers of brood sows and good pros-

pects, there are many sections devastated

last year by hog cholera where sows are

very few. Taking the country as a whole,

it is generally thought that the pig “crop”

will not be an over large one. At any

rate, this seems to be the view taken by

the large and stnall packing interests of

the country, and the leading packers, with

headquarters in Chicago, are the owners

of the bulk of the heavy stocks of pro—

visions, which they expect to dispose of

later on at high prices. In fact, it is





must be ;





 





generally understood that they are willing;





to pay high prices for hogs in order to

maintain prices for manufactured

ducts. From time to time the warehouses

have become tilled to repletion, and on

several occasions additional storage romn

had to be provided to take care of freshly

made cured meats and lard.



The lamb trade of recent weeks has

been highly sensational so far as advanc-

ing prices are concerned, and it is safe

to say that the average sheepman has

lwcn taken by surprise by the great

booms in prices, although everyone ex—

pected to see much better values than

those of the winter period, when lambs

and sheep ruled abnormally low in price

because- of the giuttcd markets. Since the

great bulk of the stock fed in the middle

west and elsewhere has been marketed,

conditions have been reversed, and now

the seller, and not the buyer, controls

prices. Colorado lambs are now the prin-

cipal ones offered, and as their owners

are financially strong enough to take an

independent attitude and understand

market conditions thoroughly, they are

not going to spoil their own profits by

ovcrstocking the western markets. This

state of things ntay be expected to last

up to the time that grassers from the

southwest and spring lambs are ready to

be shipped freely to market.



'l‘ite consumption of beef and other

meats continues to be restricted a good

«leul through the substitution of eggs,

which are now offered in liberal amounts

in the markets of the- country at the usual

spring low prices. Choice beeves are so

scarce, however. that there is mighty

small prospect that they will fail to com—

mand unusually high prices for months

to come. It is pretty certain that owners

of thrifty, well-bred young cattle that are

doing well on feed will come out well

ahead financially by finishing them off in

good shape. Some of the most successful

stockmen of the country are buying

weighty prime feeder steers and paying

the, high prices asked, being prepared to

take their chances.



Word‘comes from Kentucky that about

the usual numbers of cattle are being fed

on slop at the distilleries, and the great-

er part of them will be marketed from

May to July.





pro- 1





 





 





 





 





 





 





   

 





 





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ARMERS, tradesmen, manufacturers, labor'

ers—all are producers for the common

good. Without the farmers the rest of us



would starve. Without tradesmen to distribute



it, grain would spoil in barn and bin. With-



Out the machines made by manufacturers and



laborers, the great modern crops of grain and hay



would never be planted, or, if planted, would rot

in the fields for the lack of adequate means of

harvesting. On the other hand, by working to-

gether, we produce the bulk of the world’s grain.



The day of farming without machines is gone



forever. The manure spreader, gang plow, disk,

and barrow prepare the way for harvesting and

haying machines. A thousand acres are culti-

vated today with greater ease and dispatch than

a hundred were forty years ago. Credit for this

greater efficiency and for the fact that thousand-

acre tracts are planted to grain and harvested

safely, belongs to the farmers who use harvest-

in and hayin machines and tools made and

so d under the ollowing names:





Champion

Deering





As the cradle succeeded the reaping hook, the

reaper the cradle, and the self hinder the reaper,

more and more men were freed from the drudgery

of the harvest field to take their rightful places

in other gainful occupations. Now that binders

are in universal use, one-third of the people

of the United States raise wheat sufficient to feed

the whole country and have millions of bushels

left for export.



Progress and plenty for all depends upon the

right choice of harvesting machines by the farmers

of this country. Your share of the harvest profit





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





Progress and





McCormick





Milwaukee





   





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





.r





f .—



No matter what the condition of your grain

at harvest time—standing, down, or tangled,

short or tall, an I H C machine will cut it with

the least loss or waste, and bind it into bundles

of uniform size convenient for handling. The

machines are so simple that they may be trusted

safely to unskilled help. The. quality of the steel

and iron in them is proved. They will stand

up under the roughest regular usage of the har~

vest field. ‘



When the harvesting is once begun you cannot

afford delays. Should accident happen to an

I H C binder and a repair be needed, you are no

farther from the necessary part than your dealer’s

place of business. When you get that part, it

will fit without filing, scraping or pounding—-

so accurate and so true to gauge is each part

made. This feature does away entirely with ex-

pensive, aggravating delays, and makes your har-

vest sure—completely finished in good season.

That alone is good enough reason for buying an

I H C machine.





t - I





Osborne

Plano





A good machine should have good twine to bind

with. Our brands—Champion, McCor mick,

Osborne, Deering, Milwaukee, Piano, and Inter-

national—made in four gratles_—Sisal, Standard,

Manila, and I’tlre Manila—are tnade to work

smoothly and without waste or trouble on I H C

machines.



The I H C local dealer will set up a binder for

you to inspect and will help you to decide ”On the

best machine for your crops and fields. See him

and get the benefit of his knowledge and experi-

ence. He will answer your questions and





'?1 means much to you, but it means more to others. probably refer you to neighbors who have



To be sure that your crops are harvested without used I H C machines and twine. Remem-

L‘f; waste and at the right titne, buy machines suited her when choosing, that I H C machines

I”?— to the conditions in your fields, tested by actual have given satisfaction for many years,





@-





{é behind them a history of more than fifty years quickly obtained from the I H C local

_ of success, and _which have been developed to dealer. Get catalogues from your dealer,

practical perfection—I H C machines; or address





w v- w

I @III

‘- d





work in similar fields, machines which have





INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER COMPANY OF AMERICA





tlncorporatcd)





CHICAGO





IHC Service Bureau





and that needed repairs are easily and





USA





 





The purpose of this Bureau is to furnish, free of charlie to all. the best information obtainable on





better farming.

Building. Chicago. U





If you have any. worthyoucstions concerning soils. crops. laud

fertilizer. ctc., makesixiur inquiries specthc and send them to I H





‘ ‘ . drainage, irrigation,

(, bervxce Bureau. Harvester





 

 





 

 





 





 





f transliteration intuitteamltlti‘lttiiltuituitniminimll J

’ ‘ ‘ ' J ., DEATHTUHEAVESLEEWJQllfi





m Ann lumnzsnun CURE.

(lures Heaves by correcting

Indigestion. Bookexplaine.

,11‘“'Sellt free. (lures Coughs,

(,‘oldsdnstempers. Prevents

(follc,Staggers,&c Blood

. I’urltier. lixpels Worms. A

.__ Grand Conditioner. A Veterinary

remedy, 20 years' sale. 500 and $1.00 or can. [his

large. sxzo for llt‘flVt‘B. At dealers or irect prepaid.

THE NEWTON REMEDY COMPANY. Toledo. 0M0-





Without Wom'r's





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HARRIS' STEEL STALL AND STANCHIONS.





Siva Tlmo and Money and Make Your

Dairy More Profitable. . ‘



YOUR COWS will give more and better milk. ;



yourcost of labor and production Will be E





 

 

 

 





 





   





 





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materially reduced, and you will make more

money from your dairy if you equip your barn

Iwith Harrls' P-Ioniod Stool Stalls and stanchion: _



or-Savlng Lin" 5. Food Curlers. Wm 18 today for our-free zllustratep





73;? THE Huntsaiilit’iuc unms comm. 316 Cleveland Ave. leEM. OHIO.





 





TML

i' HAYRRIS CARRIER





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I’ll Stop Your Losses l om Worms—32,0:3Voltfig,“





Little pigs only a few weeks old are often found loaded with Read 111 Is Letter' "mm (“d S“"’-‘“ t° my “0'?“ “d “’3': “°“°- ’

worms. Hogs of all ages suffer from these deadly parasites. have had cholera bud. One my? 0 Eti‘fiifii’j‘lifilfié’iifli.T§§l°:fi£u‘t“i’oli‘;“' (’0

Then cholera, swme plague and other conta- . m... ...,... , hm?“ T033? “t“ ““0““; the-”“0 “my?“ “a“ “





gious diseases get in their destructive work. ‘m- be he had. exce tons in

Stock troubled with worms don‘t. thrive; they I L





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.9 KKSQ ,' '0

A. J. HO MAN. lireipaic. Ohio. ‘03, iéffiotb‘ e" I;

Send No Money—Just the Coupon «'9. $2; '





cough, have fever,‘act dull. and don't gain a





 





pound. Your feed is wasted: your profits are t . 3 hgfvyfifiy‘fillé’ 3i: 2:351? “5530,? 1,—ng 60. @zogi‘b‘p x' x' x .

stolen. Your animals frequently die. causing ""‘ ““'“"' mail it to me, I’ll ship enough at- o‘ 4 990° ." ,r . ,

total loss of many dollars. I’ll stop all this quick with Sal- Vet, to last them 60 days. Y9" Sunni Day the small .fi' V ’ «i ‘30 x’ v". .v" 0

,Vet, the great worm destroyer and conditioner. I have done “9‘81“: Charge “he“ "5 amves- P“ Whe" “1.8 6° ‘ 999% ‘ /' "' 3/



it for thousands of others. I’ll do it for you. before you pay 335%,”: 2.2cffiirifis‘géialynsigxg‘é‘éi."235‘“ ' 0‘“ “$9209 ,x' a" .x’ gr" 1"



me a penny. if you will Just send free intestinal worms, I’ll cancel the fg‘eogqé‘qeb 9o” ,9" /‘





me the coupon. chargh—you won’t owe me a cent. a .‘o





I 4 '0 ‘9 . g ‘r' .' ,0" /

S. R. F 1' P THE - R. . . - - m1 ‘4 o9. 6"? ‘, x' . «9'4» . ." ." x .

e. res. S FEII. 00 , DepLM F , Cleveland, Ohlo "“9‘66V‘sgi‘gfys‘ffy-o 6“”‘9 39¢ ‘5‘“er gag“? 9





 





' 40 lbs 2.25.100le

Prices .00, oolba. 9.00.

300 lbs. 81 .00,600le 8 l 12

W





 





 





 





 





(7
442 (10)





' THE“ ‘MICHIGA‘N FARMER.





 





VVYVYYVVVVYYVVVVVVYVYYYY





VETERINARY





A.AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA





CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR, V, S.





Advice through this department is free

to our subscribers. Each communication

should state history and symptoms of the

case In full;

writer. Initials only will be published.

Many queries are answered that apply to

the same ailments. If this column is

watched carefully you will probably find

the desired information in a reply that

has been made to some one else. When

reply by mail is requested it becomes

private practice, and a fee of $1. 00 must

accompany the letter.





Y.Y. V V





 





 





 





 





Sweeney—Is there any remedy that will

help sweeney in mare 20 years old? M.

N. 12., Pctoskey, Mich—Clip off hair and

apply cerate of cantharides once a week

and she will get well, but remember, re-

covery will be slow.



Partial Loss of Power—“'e have a 14-

year-old gelding that is in apparently

good condition, but quite often when

moving around he seems to lose control

of hind legs, acting as if he was par-

alyzed. I’l‘hese wabbling spells last only

a few seconds. E. M. S., lukster, Mich.

m—tiive him 1 dr. ground nux vomica, a

teaspoonful of powdered fenugreek and

a tablespoonful of cooking soda at a dose

in feed three times a day. Feed oats.

wheat bran, oil meal. roots and timothy

ha .



gursal Swelling.~1iztve a five-year-old

driving horse that fell injuring ankle

joint of. right fore leg and the accident

occurred sometime last August. There is

no lameness, but only a soft bunch above

joint. Shall I open this bunch? C. A

\\'., Adrian, Micthpply equal parts of

tincture iodine. spirits of camphor to

puffy swellings choc a day.



Alsike Poisoning.~l would like to know

the meaning of alsike poison. Is it from

feeding too much of it or the legs of

stock getting sore by running in alsike

pasture? R. P. IL, Marshall, Mich.——A1—

sike frequently irritates the mouth of ani-

mals that eat it and sometimes irritates

the legs of stock that run in alsike pas-

lure.



Cow Eats “'ood.—“'e have a cow that

cats rotten wood and has had this habit

for the past four years and we have been

unable to learn the cause of it and a rem-

edy that will correct it. \V. 143.. Newaygo,

Mich.»——Feed her 1 oz. cooking soda, 1 oz.

ground gentian and 1,4. oz. ground quas-

sia at a dose in feted two or three times

a day.



l'aralysis.—I have a cow due to come

fresh May 1, that scents to have lost the

use of her hind quarters. G, 1“,. Shab-

hona. Mich.—GIVe your cow 1 dr. ground

nux vomica and a teaspoonfui powdered





nitrate potash at a dose in feed two or'





three times a day. Apply mustard and

water to back three times a week.

'l’mbilical ilernia.»—l have a filly nine

months old that has been troubled with

:t navm rupture since birth, but it never

enlarged much until lately. Some people

tell me to have her operated on. others

say leave her alone; now l would like to

know what is best. \\'. N., Carson City,

Mich.—~I have operated on a great many

such cases and nearly all of them made

satisfactory recovery. \Vhen the en-

largeipent is small, doing no harm. it is

not very necessary to operate. but in this

case she, is growing worse. hence the

necessity of treatment. An experienced





surgon should do this operation.

injured SiIouldei'.“About nine months

ago my horse slipped and fell while run-





ning full speed and when he got up walk-

ed lame and has been lame in shoulder

ever since. He seems to be getting a

little worse and I would like to know

what to do for him. ll. 8., Grant. Mich.



i’erhaps he sprained and bruised his

shoulder when he fell. It is not easy to

tell whether a chronic case of this kind

can be treated successfully or not; how-

ever, you will obtain as good results from

applying one part turpentine, one part

aqua ammonia and four parts olive oil

every two or three days as from any

other treatment.



injured Leg-«Last fall my three-year—

old colt was bitten on hind leg by our

hoar. This ugly wound has never healed

and there is quite a large bunch on shin

which I would like to take off. G. R, H.,

Newaygo, BII(‘II."" Remove bunch with a

knife and apply equal parts oxide of zinc

and boracic acid to wound twice a day.





Barron Old Mare.»»l have a mare that

is not less than 18 or 19 years old which

has been mated to several different

'norst-s. but fails to get with foal. B. W'.,

i’ot't Hope, Michanf your mare has a

vaginal discharge that is thick. then lll-

,icct her with the following lotion once a

«lay: Dissolve 1 dr. permanganate potash

in six quarts tepid water. In some cases

to wash them out with a soda solution

made by dissolving 2 ozs. of cooking soda

in a quart of tepid water occasionally,

and to be sure to wash them out when

they come in heat and not mate them for

three or four hours. often puts the more

in condition to get with foal.



Loss of Power—ellave a cow that we

turned in pasture lust Thursday morn-

ing: found her at three o’clock down and

laying on her back; got her up into barn

when she set-med to eat her feed and'be

as well as usual. I turned her out again

yesterday noon and towards evening

found her down; we hauled her to brain

on stoneboat and she has been down ever

since. \Ve have, tried to get her up. but

failed. She is a young cow, had first calf

lass June. She does not appear to be

sick, has a good appetite. but is unable

to get on her feet. C. J. K., Fennville.

Mich—Give her 1 dr. ground nux vomica

at a dose five or six times a day; also

keep her bowels open. Apply mustard

and water to back once a day, for a few

days.





also name and address of ‘





 





TO BE SOLD

At Fair Grounds,





herd where the world's reoo





famous Horr herd of Vi ellington will

any other herd of Ohio.





Ormsby Butter King and hindividually as

for this our second semi-nnnun





to select stock





with you. Sale positive regardless of weather.





I125 HEAD HULSTEIN FIIIESIANS alAUBTlflN 125





Ohio Breeders Co. Semi-Annual Sale of





REGISTERED IIIILS'I'EIII FRIESIANS





APRIL 23d 10 A. M., Sharp.





125. All Ohio strong. robust stock—cows. heifers and calves. also two herd headers—one a half

brother to the great. Friend Hengerveld DeKol Butter Boy at the head of the famous D. Dimmick III Bro.

rebeing broken every few days by daughters of the brother of our young

bull to be sold. The blood of DeKol 2nd. Butter Boy 3rd. Pietertje He rveld DeKol. Ko'rndyke. Bonner-

veld DeKol. Seals. Johannes. Cornuooi In.i “Ill othelr greathlood thIs



n Is as e.

Five 30-pound Arc records have been made from cows from this herd. a few

young things and a fine Aro three- year-old heifer from the great John Dudley herd. the com lete herd

of W 0. Smith which not. only contains some of the above b g

as their breeding. and a number of cows bredto

grandson of King Seals which also is grandson of Pontiac Clothilde DeKol 2nd. the rent 37.21 world's

record cow. a few choice cows from the Kryder herd at Canton. also from the

other individuals selected by the managment from other choice Ohio herds. No pains have been spared





to make it is even more so if possible. All stock will be tuberculine tested over 6 months of age by an

authorized State Veterinarian, and every animal will be guaranteed strictly as represen

Terms, cash. or nine months time. six per cent Interest on approved





AT ‘AUCTION

Wellington, Ohio,





sale. Anumherofcows fromt be

This herd has sent: out more Aro materiel then





end mentioned, but the blood 0 Duchem





. Sheets herd and

9. Our last fall sale was II success. and we wi





nted.

notes. Bring your bank reference.





 





 





 





 





Howell Bonsignment Sale (:0.





WILL HOLDETHEIR





sscoun mun SALE





OF REGISTERED





IIIILSTEINS





At Howell, Mich.,





May 9.1912





We are oderins 71 head of high class cattle. backed

by along line of A. R. 0. stock cows of great size,

with records from 18 $022 lbs., some in the semi-

oilicial list. daughters and g.-dnughtors of Sadievale

Concordins Paul De Kol 3d. (dam HHS, g.-dIIIn 30.64).

some bred to him. Stock from or bred to such sires

as Canary Mercedes Royal Climax. King Pietertje

Bar-tog, Sir Pontiac Mochthilde. Sir Fayne Johanna

Albino. Catalogues April 2'). Cattle tuberculin

tent. ed. R. E. HAEGER. Auctioneer.

MARK B. CURDY, Secy. R. No. 6. Howell. Mich





 





 





IIIE DIPPIIIB KILLS ALL TIGKS





Used on 250 million sheep annually.

Increases quantity and quality of wool.

Improves a pearance and condition of

flock. If ealer can’t supply you send

8!. 75 for 82.00 packet.



Handsome 1912 sheep calendar free -

a pest card brings it. Address Dept. D.

“Hill were I mus. Gila“, ILLIIIIIS





“J OI NTI NE”





is a positive cure for Joint. Ill.

Blood poison and Leakage of

Navel in colts. and is guaran-

teed to cure or money refunded.

Jointine should

hand. as it is harder to cure if

not. given In time. It. will keep



for years. put up in tablet

orm. easy to give, given in-

ternally Mailed upon receipt

. ~_ of pri 00. per pox. Testimo-

nials upon request. Bank ref-

erence: First National Bank.

Albion. Nebr





T. B. BOWMAN. Boone, Nebr.

BlEIilIIiIS’ DIRECTIIRY.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





     





 





 





 





CATTLE.

ABERDEEN-ANGUS.

Herd coal-ting of Trojan Ilriou Blackbird. and





Pridee.‘ only, is heedodb aw a Train him.

by Black Woodlnwn. sire of t 0 Grand Ohnm ion door

and bull at the International in Chi coco. .1810.

A few choiooly bred youn bulls for sole.

WOODCO’I‘E STOCK]? A.“ Ionln. Rich.





 





—Guernsey bull calves. Aris-

”one! makers tot-ratio hreedin Cash or





bankab e note. G. A. WIGENT. W nterv let. Mich.





 





ired b h f- h th f R f

Emma! BIIII CEI'CS Lnngwitflg.‘ m.m. mgrbolbuf? o

6N.891bc., 2 yrs.‘7 mo. Allan Kelsey. Lakeview. Mich.





OLSTEIN BULL—Fairboy Hemrveld De K01 .No.

“84.8.9111 King of the HencerveldeN 0.44465. dam



Clothilde Apollo Boon KateN 0. 7.7218 031de October



8. 1909. Price Vaughan Farm. Homewood Ill.





 





 





 





F03 SIlE Ii“£""‘i.°°i’.ii‘3i.a“ifa.‘i£d‘ii‘i‘..“$233

for service. HATCH ERD. Ypsilanti, Michigan.





Fflfl SALE-A. 8.0. HERD BULL





one of the best. kind and genRtle: 02bit" calves. 4 cows.

Prices right. UH Jat kson.R KSouth Bend, Ind.





HIILSTEIN BIILL





Just. one more Grand son of





KING SEGIS PONTIAC





Ready for service.

Write for what you want in Holsteins.





REED d: KNOWLES, Howell, Mich.





 





 





kept. on‘





—Yearlin3 Bull and dBull

llolsteins of Quality 0...”... A I. 0.. .m,

and sires. whose dams have rewards of 27.38 lbs.

(at3 years) and 30 lbs. Best. of breeding 3. Write for

pedigree and prices. W. B. READER, Howell, Mich.





“Top-Notch” Holsteins.





Choice bull calves from 8 to 6 mos. old. of fashion-

able breeding Iand from dams withA .li. 0. records.

at reasonable prices Also one 2-iear- old bull, fit. to

head II goodh

McPHEISOeNd FARMS 00.. Howoll, Mlohlgln.





AYR. s H] RESb —-Oue ofzforglmost In)“:





11

and bull calves for sale. Berkshire swine. A] 1] pure

bred. Michi can School for Deaf. l'lint. Mich.





EREFORDS—7 bulls from 2 mos. £02 ears old. all

.nnd of the very best. breed A so bigbo boned

China hon. ALLEN BROSanw Paw. Mich.





HOLSTEINS





I can please any body with a service bull. bulls

from one to ten months old. sired by Johanna

Concordia Champion. Also cows and heifers bred

to him. Write me for anything you went

in Holsteins.





L. E. CORNELL, - Fayette, Ohio.





A 24-"). Bull





Have Bull Calves out of—



13. 20. 2.3, 24-lb. Cows A. R. 0.

By a 24-1b. Bull.



My herd averages 19 lbs.



If you want this kind write





BIOELOW’S I'IOLSTEIN FARMS,

Breedsville, Michigan.

we nave fine grandsons of Pontiac Korndyko In





our lot of Holstein hulls read\ for service

now. LPrIces right. Gregory & Borden. Howe ll, Mich.





 





 





Polan





 





 





 





 





Purebred Registered





H OLSTE IN CATTLE

The Greatest Dairy Breed

Sand for FREE Illustrated Boone.

Holdeln-l‘rieuu. Auo.. Box 164. Brettleboro.Vt





YI’SILANII FARMS BULL CALI/ES.





Choicest‘. wKonr%ke,Dekol and Hengerveld breed-

Ing._ 850(1). 00 Official Pedigrees on rat] uest.

LE BROTHERS. Ypsilanti. Mlchlequn.





 





 





 





EGISTl-I RED HOLSTEIN CATTLI— —l"ive month old bull calf.

also 3- -yo-r-old herd bull for IIIO. Grandson of Canary

Mcrcodel. FLOYD F. JONES. 11.1“. D. 3. Oak Grove. lich.





JERSEYS AND DUROC JERSEYS

FOR SALE.





A few high classboars from such chum ion boars

Orioon Chief. Insthruotor. band King of ginning. Also

8. 00W! End





IROQIIIIATEII FAIIII. Alvlb AIIBII. IIGII” I. F. II. 7.





lillie Farmstead JERSEYS





Bulls ready for service. also bull calves and heifer

calves. Coin all in yearly test. Satisfaction guarun~

teed. COLON C. LILLIE. Cooper-ville. Mich.





MARS'I‘ON FARMéJERSEY CATTLE.

T. P. MARSTON. Bay City. Michigan.

Bargain Prices 3“£1$°'£§.’I£“‘.I£I33§



F. W. NO'I'I‘EN. Grass Lake. Mlchlcan.‘

JERSEY CHILE 323.3“32tsl3”33n€§3°§§22 ”$33.;

write. 0. A. TAGGETT. B. No. 1. Caro, Mloh.

'0 R SAL§-:lla {gififtgfll 'hlighmtgsgildlé

dnm Price 875. C. A. BRISTOL. Fenton, Mich





Will Sacrifice M Young Herd Bull,





Z) mo. old son of one 0 King SegII great. dau hters

for 8%”. F. S. KENFIELD. Auxuota. Mich tan.





BUTTER snap mm 3......





CRYSTAL SPRING STOCKF

Allocan





 





 





 





 





 





Silver Crook. County. Michigan.





JEIISEI BULLS. E23.“ °’ .mfim’ ”P33333111





heifers. S. B. SON. oS'.l.‘UR(3‘IIS. MICHIGAN





FOR BALE—3 yenrlln Holstein Frieclan bulls 31.0



bred heifers each Bull cal vet to 86)

31W wbr or. toth and pedl ee- on oppll.



cation. WC. J uoklon, South Bend, n,d m Rex 8t-





RED pOLLED—Ohoioe lot. of females any

age. also some hull calves.



J. M. CHASE d: SONS. Ionll. Michigan.

f .

led Polle 21“”.t32“°§1.3’5393;.32’° “iii.

WELLS PARISH (I! BONS.R.No.1.Ailendale, Mich.





RED ROLLED BULLS FOR SALE'fi‘i‘I‘I'I‘E‘I’:





strains. JOHN BERNEB It SON. Grand Lodge, Mich.





 





 





 





 





Milking Strain II showman": I... ”“133‘3:





for WARNER BROS” Almont, Mich





 





APRIL 13,1912.





I





.‘dShorthorn 12Bulls.





FOR SAL R...“ .;..I





months old Scotch and Scotch h-to 808.12% to 8100

each. BIDWELL s'rocx FARM 2233...... Mich.





D‘J‘ifii 5%“. ”Ores 0s; t... rim:

u c veg so 0 on

China piss. IKIBIINT NEV E Pierson. yfi‘lch.





Dairy Brod Shorthems—i,“1.11.3;3 "13:31.95





each. onehorgoodnote. J. B. HUMMEL. Mason. Mich.

' SHEEP.





' ~Yenrlln and ram lambs 1’ Ch Ion

[MUSICIS 1100 k of umb of Mich. Algomseleozm ori-

lhire swine. Elmhurst. Stock Farm. Almont. Mich.





Foundation F lock Cheap.

15 registered HAMPSHIRE DOWN yearlin ewes

and one ram. A barfiain for cash or up rov note.



0. D. WOOD URY. Lansing. Ichlgnn.





 





 





 





 





 





~Wish to close out both sexes. All

"CE IIIIIIbOIIIIIGIS. low rice. IFarm—ZM miles

orrioe. onG. T. a. .nnd MDU. J. 0.11.1{000





Oxford D0“ She -Good Yearling Field





Runs and ewes of all Icon

for sale. I. B. WATERB RY. Highland. Michigan.





 





 





 





H005. '





 





' ' —-Young sows due Mar. III A ril.

nurocs and 'mlorlds Bred to. 1st. rim and champion

boar. Priced to move them. 1&8”. Lou ell. ich





RIVER VIEW IIIIPSIIIIIES‘H°.5‘.‘, eh“??? flit





OBARS—B onus—301133 prize in his class at

Ohio State Fair 1910 is for sale. Correspondence and

inspection solicited.A Prices ri ht The Valley of the



to.shoulders .ALL 8, R. 1. Adrian. Mich.





senxsutntrir... 8°11" ”secretarial? ".‘l

A.A. 0F’ATTULLO, Dpckerville. ich.





 





Farmer Prices





~Weaned pigs 815, two for 8%. Boers

Berhhires ready for Mservice 8‘25). Gilts safe in pig

to Handsom eILeeJr” aM h.8tate Fair Prize Winner

835. Be istered and transfi- rred. Express prepaid in

lower Ichigpn. C. C. COREY, New Haven, Mich.





o I c. Servicedlsigazs, i(311:3 bred for‘hApr'iil fall-{8w

MI D b cs. 3 Imoo on re

Glenwood took Farm, Zeolglead. Mich. P one :4





o I. c lSbVZINZIBI-m—lMillet: weighin fromI 1‘75 fto “5‘0

680 '0 a Very C 0 00

one P.ANDREW8.DIHSVIIIO.11131181110002J6h.’





. — 15

Improved Chalet Willie: bledifirilé’éi‘iii’é‘hnifllii

fan-ow. Also three goung boars. cheap. to closet. hem

out. W. O. WILSO Okemos. Mich. Both phones.





0 I. (Tr—Service males. 25brod gilt:J weighin l75to

250 lbs. each. 4 bred year-lingo. thoioe fafi pigs.

Shipped c. o. d. Bolling View Stock Farm Coal City. Mich.





. Ill—Spring hours all cold. A few lengthy iltI

.to be bred for A ril farrow.01hoioeAug It pt

pigs, cheap. A.NEWMAN N..R No. .Mnrlm. Mich.





o l C’s—All ages. dgrowthy and large. IOWI bred.

Males read y. loomselect from Attractive

prices on young stock. .H. Jump, Munith. Mich.





o. I. c. owilnt'etand bfiflfgockdioockeirels of

“I y e. 60 rue . 1' co way

down for quick 5.10.5.1) OO.TT Qullfnlfy. Mich.





o I C’s—I have some very fine and growthy last.

fall pigs‘. eifiher “OTmOMB mfih’hfoizn:



vice now. rs no a In



Nashville. fiicihu half mile west of depot.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





0UR Imp. Chester Whites and Tamworth swine won

245131: at Fairl' In ooboon. also sows bred

for spring fart-ow of either breed that will please you

in quality and price. Adamo Bros” Litohfleld. Mich.





O. I. C.—-tlrtlm looked For l“dating Pigs.





C. J. THOMPSON.BocH old.





 





 





lily—Nine high-class

0. I. C. s of Superior 12mm... book... rd

for spring pigs. Fred Nickel. II. 1. LtIorII’oog(lIdi§£a





 





Duroc Jerseys for Sale’§.°§.v.‘°:.§°§§ii 3"“

either-sex. Paimnot akin. M. A. BRAY, Okemos. I'Vfifi.





SERVICE BOARS 111393.313? it'll:





(either sex) sired by W 3 Choice Rule No.3lm15Prioes

reasonable. Write R. G. VIVIAN. R.4 4,Monroe, Mich.





—Bo h .

IIIIIIOG JERSEYS moi. miilfifite‘éli. msullg‘i‘i‘i’.

Herd established 1888. J. H. Banghart. arising. ich.





 





 





 





FANCY bred Duroc Jersey sowsdue to furrow in Apl.

Spet ial prices for March. Also fall pigs. both sexes;

reasonable prices. John McNicoIl. North Star. Mich,





30 High Class Boar: mtg; éti‘i’o’ifi 8mm

of growth. style and finish. Suti I faction gunrnn

Come or write-1. Q. BARNEY Y. Goldwater. Mich





CLOSING OUT SALE





Butler' 9 Big Type Poland Chinas. E or thi



Herd Boers Brood Bows. fall hom .‘Dd Inn? “.1533;

bulls. Write for what on want, we will quote you a

very low price. J. C. UTLER. Portland. Michigan.





LARGE TYPE r. c. use: “girlie“ ““5

am

sows. Weigh no to 175 lbs. “4 months.0 Mfr-gal}:—

"Not how cheep but ho"w Wil II pay ex-

t one who com do not. llnd what I

advertise. W. ELIVINGSTON. Perms. Mich.





Registered Poland China Swim 53.3 “LE Th"





good. NELSON J wvoxorr Summit. 513.1112?





POLAND CRINAS‘E"III”°'OO.I ”" 'I'fio'» 83$?





P.D LONG. ll. tNana III-enda Rapids. ich.





——Blred from mini-gs ty 9. Stock

P0181111 Chlnas thlexec. IIII Farmers

prices. W. J. HAGELSBA Who Augusta. Michigan.





15 Poland China Sows ”"3“ f“ “9““ ""

priced to sell. WM. WAJ‘FLllfl‘ColdeIldesrlfim c o .d





——Y b

PliLIIlii cums Reagan minister’s:





L. W. BARNES & SON. Byron. Shiawassee 00., Mich.

b

Big Type F. C. Sow: 32?. $3.33?

001) II SON. Sdlne. Mouton.

M ULEFOOT 11068 FOR SALE I am making list. of





all mule foot owners inU. 8. Send our name now

and got free printed matter. 6. 0. Km: ow. Ada. Ohio.





 





 





 





 





Poland China—Home of Michigan' 5 Grand Champ-

ion Boar. Bred cows It fall pi an by this great sire.

They' re priced right. E. J. Mathewson.Nottnwn.Mioh





lengthen Gut Your II

F R SALE 3v WATERMA

Meadow Land Farm.





Lillie Farmstead YBRLKSHIBES





Boon for a ring service. A few bred

sows bred for August and September fan-3:- Pill:

and tries not akin. Satisfaction sun 5);“

CO LONC HLILLIB Cooper-ville. Mlch.





 





s—A YORRSHIRE

Boar will do It.



st WAT ERMA N,



Ann Arbor. Michigan.





 





 





—— a... t-_..______~.a M. _...
.‘-~.—__._____ M. m, as.” w»...





 





 





 





APRIL 13, 1912.





\ MOEEQONEY





MORE SATISFACTION;





N0 STOCK CAN THRIVE IF PESTERED

WITH LICE,TICKS,MITES,FLEAS,

._SCAB,MAN<;E,AND OTHER SKIN ,

‘7 . DISEASES. . '

, To CLEAN OUT THESE

i‘PARASITES, GUARD AGAINST‘

CONTAGIOUS DISEASES,

CLEANSE, pumrv, AND

peooomzsusa





BEITIR THAN OTHERSJECAUSLIT IS





STAN DARDIZE D.

UNIFORM,DEPENDABLE.EFFICIENT. ONE

GALLON 0F KRESO DID No.I MAKES 60

10 I00 GALLONS OF SOLUTION(DEPENDING



UPON WHAT USE Is TO BE MADE OF IT.) -





'A REAL NECESSITY ABOUT

HORSES,CATTLE.SHEEP,SWINE,

DOGS, GOATS AND POULTRY.





FOR SALE BY ALL DRUGGISTS.

WRITE FOR FREE cmcuuns. ASK roe LEAFLET

DESCRIBING A NEW CEMENT HOG WALiow IF YOU

' ARE INTERESTED. .





PARKEOAVIsacot ‘





 





 





mm A soon FAIIIIF

HOME IS IlliliIEll





By standin in a wet.stlcky "

coat 0! ha r. Experience

proves that the coughs.

colds and other troubles

that affect horses in the

spring, can be avoided

by clipping of! the winter

coat be ore the spring work

begins. Clipping improves

the appearance of horses



they bring more if offered

for sale. they do better

work too, because they dry

out quick, rest well and get

more good from their feed.

The easiest. quickest way

to clip is With a





STEWART

BaIlBearIngMachlne





It clips horsesmiules and

cows Without any -

change whatever.





 

 

 

 

 

   

 





nei





i





PRICE, ONLY3 1 w





This splendid ClippingMach





guaranteed for” years.

It must please you or no





sale.





About the udders and

flanks of all cows should

be clipped every three or

four weeks so the parts

can be kept clean when

milking.





Complete $75_,0





Get one from your dealer

or send $2 and we will ship

0.0.D. for balance.





Writ: [or complete caralagm





Ghicago Flexible Shaft Go.

I I 5 La Salle Avo., cIIIcIIso





 





The old. reliable remedy you can de-

pend on for Spavin. Curb, Splint.

Ringbone or lameness. JThou-



o.) sands have proved it invaluable.

Get a bottle from your druggist.

Price per bottle $1. 6 for SS.‘ 'Trezit-



ise on the Horse" Free at drug-

gist or from Dr. B. J. KENDALL C0..

Enosburg Falls, Vt., U. S. A.





 





 





 





A ROOF ":5“ PROOF AGAINST

WIND LIGHTNING RAIN





We manufacture the world's best Steel Roofing in Roll

Cup. Pressed standing seam and V crimp. Galvanized

Conductor Pipe. Enve Trough and Fittings. it will pay you

to send for catalog and prices, Free.





THE MILES IRON &. STEEL ROOFING 00., Niles, O.





JACKS and MULES





Raise mules and get rich. 18

Jack and mule farms under

one maria ement, where can

be seen 4 head fine large

Jacks, jennets and mules. 14

to 1'7 hands high. Good ones.

Stock guaranteed. Write

for prices today. Address





Krekler's Jack Farm

West Blkton, Ohio

Branch Barn—Cl hton. Indians

CLYDESDALE —Some:fine registered Clydesdale



Stallion Colts for sale, American

bred, ready for service. F. A. PETZ, Capae, Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





Nasal Catarrh.—~Nearly all my sheep

are snotty and I would like to know what

can be done for them. J. B., Woodbury,

Mich.———Mix together equal parts ground

gentian, ground cinchona, ground quassia,

ginger and cooking soda and give each

sheep two-thirds of a teaspoonful at a.

dose- in feed once or twice a day.





Eczema.—Four-year-old mare has an

itchy condition of skin; it bothers her

most when driven fast enough to make

her sweat. There are a few pimples on

skin and I am told she suffers from ec-

zema. O. 0, Romeo, Mich—Clip mare,

wash her with soap and water, adding a

little borax to suds, and apply 1 port coal

tar disinfcctant in 50 ports water; or ap-

ply COoking soda and water, 1 oz. soda to

each pint of water. Give her a dessert-

spoonful of Donovan’s solution at a dose

two or three times a day,



Acidity of Stomach—oKnuckling.—Colts,

11 months old. seem» in fairly good con-

dition but are too fond of chewing wood.

One of thesc colts knuckles on fetlock

joint. R. J. l{., Conklin, Mich—Give each

colt a dessertspoonful of cooking soda, a

tablespoonful of ground gcntian and LI.

tablespoonful powdered charcoal at a dose

in feed two or three times a day. Blister

fetlock joint with cerate of cantharidcs

every ten days.



()zena.—Twelvc-ycar—old mare has had

a nasty discharge from nostrils for past

12 months. She shows no symptoms of

having heaves and is not wind broken.

1’. 13., Grass Lake, Mich.——It is possible

that she will have to be Ircphined before

the nose can be properly treated. Give

1/; dr. powdered sulphate of copper and

1/2 oz. powdered fcnugreek at a dose in

feed three times a day. It will also help

to give 20 grs. quinine at a dose three

times a day. For a nusal douche, dissolve

1 oz. salt in 3 pts. tepid water and apply

twice a (i2l_\', or apply 1 pt, hydrogen

peroxide in 7. parts water twice a day.



Sore Eyesty 15—year-old mare is

iroublcd with Sore eyes; mucus mcmbranc

of lids is very rod. (1. I)., \VilltZ, Mich—.—

Apply to cycs 1 part adrenalin and 2,000

parts water twice :1 day.



\Vntcry Bowcl Movemcnts.—i[{orse's

bowels are nhogethcr too loosc; move-

ments are Vcry watery. I am feeding

corn and oat straw. .\. C.. Grant, Mich.

—Give 2 drs. sub-nitrate of bismuth and

1 dr. salol at :1 dose in feed thrce timcs

a day. You should feed him oats and

wc'il curcd timothy. Corn and out straw

is not a proper food for this kind of a

case.



\\'arts on 'I‘eles.—~llow can I remove

warts from cow’s lczits without, making

tcats or bug sorc? \\'. 8., Brighton, Mich.

~Apply acetic acid to flat ones and cut

off those that have necks. Apply castor





.oil occasionally, and it will prevent oth-





ers from growing.





(‘ziked llzig.——]iolstein heifer, (luv to

freshen April 6, is troublcid with cakcd

bug which causes some pain. .I. M. Iii.





 





Lake Odessa, Mich. Milk udder one-third

empty twice daily and apply warm lin-

seed oil twice a day. Give her 1/2 oz. pow-

dcred nitrate: potash at a dose in feed

two or three times a day and keep her

bowcls open. She should not be ovcrfed

on grain; should be exercised some daily.



Ringworm.—-P.rood sow that will furrow

about April 14 has two or three sore

spots on shoulder that appear rather red.

\V. B. T., Leonidas, l\'[ich.—~.\pply oint—

ment once a day for three days; then Zip-

ply 1 part sub-nitrate bismuth and three

parts vasclinc every day.



Scours \thn llrivcan.~l have a driving

horse, wcl] along in yours that scours bad-

ly when dI'ivcn and I would like to know

what to do for him. J. D., Saginaw,





iMiclT.~~-lli.s grindcr lcelh may nccd Ilozit—





‘ Lg oz.





 





ing, his feed should be changed, give him

lcss water bcforo and whilc. you drive

him, and I would suggest that you feed

a good quality of oats and timOthy. Givc

hypo—sulphite soda, 1/2 oz. ground

ginger, and 2 drs. powdered catechu and

1 dr, powdered opium :It a dose in fecd

two or thrcc times a day,



Hooves—llave a horse ll ycars old

that has heuvcs; he is fed mixcd hay,

ground corn. oats and oil incal. A. it.

Kent City, Mich—Alfced no clover, musty

or dusty badly curcd fodder of any kind

and vcry littlc bulky food. Give 1/3 dr.

powdered opium, 1 dr. powdorcd lobclia

and a. dessertspoonful Fowler‘s solution

:11 :1 dose in feed two or three times a

day.



Abortions—Aliasl summcr

foot in fcnco, strugglcd :i wholc lot and

soon lost her colt. \Ve bred her again

and she lost second one :1 short time ago.

"\Vhat can I do to prcvent her always

losing her colts? F. A. .\., Parma, Mich.

#Give her 20 drops of carlmlic acid in :L

pint of water mixed with food. and she

should have two doses 21 day, for at lcost

30 days. If she has any vnginnl dis-

charge dissolve 1 dr. pcrmongnnzilc pol—

ash in six quarts of wotcr and wash out

'aginn through a small rubber tubo and

funnel oncc a day, using not less than

two quarts of this solution at topid hc;.t

daily.



Poisoned Colts~Goitrc.—~I have a ninc—

year-old more that is now in foal, but

as both of her other colts dicd bcforc

thcy were two days old, I would like To

know how to manage hcr this timo. llcr

other iWo colts dicd 36 hours after birth

—she carried each of them 11 months and

two days, and is fed corn and lmy. This

more is affected with goilrc. .I. If. Ila-

mono, Mich—Your colts dicd pcrhaps as

the rcsult of a chill or from navel infec-

tion Tie the cord oncI inch from body,

using a silk or linen thread that has been





mare caught





soaked in one part carbolic acid and

eight parts olive oil or glycerinc, then

apply equal parts oxide of zinc and

boracic acid to navel once a day. The:





colt and marc should be kept in a clean,

well ventilated place and she should be

exercised daily before foaling.



Broken “find—Have a 10—year-old

broken—winded horse, that I would like to

know how to food; when exerted he puffs

and blows a great deal and when brought





to stable lays down as if tired, but he is

in good flesh. J. B. F., Holland, Mich.—





Select for him some well cured timothy ‘





hay and feed no‘ other kind of fodder.

His food supply should be mostly grain

and there is none bctter than outs. See

treatment for heaves, this column.

Corns—Chronic Cough. I have a six-

year—old horse that has been troubled

with a corn on each fore foot, for the

past 12 months and he is still bothered

with them. Three times 1 had thcm fired

with hot brown sugar last spring and our





 





local Vet. burned them out with a red-

hot iron. The holes Iillcd and our horse—





shocr packed them with hot tar. Now I

would like to know if corns are hard to

kill. This horse has had it cough for the

past 12 months. but is well cvcry other

way. It. H. ll., Eaton ltzipids, lllL‘ll.*‘if

you will keep his front feet moist and

usc [t Ihrcc-quartcr shoe on him, his

corns will get well. Cutting and burning

Ihcm seldom ever cures a corn, unless

the cause is rcmovcd and this is usually

undue pressure. FOP hcr cough give 1

dr. guaiacol IMcrck), two table-spoonfuls

whiskcy and a tnblcspoonful glycerine :It

a dose in feed two or three times a day.

Collin Joint Lamencss.—I have a good

young more That is lame in cotlin joint;

will cutting of the nerve be a practical

cure (3. JG. M., Jackson, Micli.v\\'hcn

blisters and other milder remedies fail,

inch of the ncrves on





a rcmovai of on

each side of leg. ('ltile'l' above or bclow

fctlock, will rclievo hci‘ of lameness and





this is _a very humanc way to treat such





cases. Kindly understand. sensation is

take-n away from foot, thcreforc nail





punctures, snags and thc like may enter

foot without causing pain and the foot

may be in bad condition before it is dis—

covered.



Indigestion—«Bowel Loosencss—I pur-

chased a cow on January 1; was quitc

loosc' in bowels, had bccn fed on en-





silzigc and was exceptionally fat. She

Ircshcncd about Ihrcc wccks lulcr and

«lid well for four wecks, when she sud-





dcnly lost part of zippc'tite, and has not,

done well sincc. I). ll. K'._ llapid City.

)iicli.—-—I;ivc her 1 oz, ground gcntian, 1

dr. ground nux vomiczi ill a dose in fccd

Ihrte timcs IL day. Also give her 50 grs.

of solol {it u dose in feed thrce or four

times a day until her bowels bccome nor-

miil. Bowcl ailments of llllS kind are

bcst rcgulaiicd by feeding and watering

and keeping the animal quiet.



l{hcuInleism.—*\\'c li:1Vc a calf that is

six weeks old which shows considerable

stiffness in both fort} quarters. S. .I. (3.,

Rockford, Mich.~(iive your calf TI grs

of sulicylnlc o1 soda at a dose thrce times

zI day and rub forc- quarters with spirits

of cumphor Iwicc a day.



Vertigo rrrrr I have a cow that has bccn

fed all the clovcr hny and cornstnlks shc

would cut all winter and now she is dull

and stupid. but appears to be III-allhy.

She is due to freshcn in a wcck or ten





 





days. Our local Vet. tolls mc he has

never seen a case of this kind before.

B. C., Merrill, Mich. Give your cow I

ll), epsom salts daily until licr bowels





open fairly free; also give 1/13 oz. bromidc

of potzisli at a dose three timcs a day.

lllack Teeth in Hogs—ls there such a

discase as block tc-cth in swine; if so,

how is it conlrnclcd, and what is the

remedy? F. \\’. (2., il(‘,('iillll‘, Mich.——\\'cll

pigs occasionally huvc {.1 tooth or two that

is black, but not discuscd, thcsc tccth do





no harm and in most cnscs are ncvcr

discovered. In slaughtering cslziblish—

mcnts it grczil many of the hogs huvc





(liscolm'cd tcclh and no doubt Ihcy huve

always had them, bul thcy ncvci' ziffcct—

cvl their health. My udvicc is to pay no

:Ittontion Io such I:Ilk. If your hogs are,

not caring wcll. mix Iogcthcr equal parts

ground gI-ntizin. ground cinchona. ground

quussiu and bicarbonate soda and give

cach hog :I Icospoonful at a dose in fced

two or three limos :1 day.





Loss of ;\pp(‘liit‘.'7\\'il{lt con VVD give

our hogs to improve thcir zippciite for

corn after IIIcy are shut up to fillit‘ll?





1 think the cnusc is worms, for Ihcy do

not futicn. I“, 1‘). M., l'nion City, Mich.

”(live ouch pig :1 II-nspoont‘ul of ground

gcntian at A dose in fowl two or three

limcs a day. If thcy wcrc wormy they

should have :I ruvouous nppctitc, at least

part of thc Iimc.



Nodulur lll.\'(‘:lH(".7~llill'illg the winter

I have los1 four shccp that wcrc sick only

{L fcw days bcl‘orc they died. First

symptoms. thcy :Ippcur sleepy, lay down

most of the limo, got up. strctch and

stand in sonic hosition, but after a while

lie down, but show no symptoms of pain.

’l‘hcso shccp have been wcll salted and

arc kept in a Cit'k’lll place and I am at :1

loss to know what should cuusc ihcir

(It-nth, 1.. .\. (L. Shelby, .\Iich.~v\\'ilhout

giving nic- morc. symptoms hcforc dcolh

and tho uppcnrnnccs of thc. insldcs :Iftcr

(loath, l :Im somI-whzll :It :1 loss to know

what caused the dcnlh of your shccp.

lIowCVcr, 1 :im iIIcliucd to holitxve they

dicd of nodular discasc of bowcls. ('liw

(‘:l('ll sick shccp 3 ozs. of :1 one [nor cent

solution of coal tar crc-osolc. This mix-

lurc is made by mixing one port coal tar

crcosolc and {Ill ports wntI-r. In drI-nch—

ing her do not hold the bend too high and

lake, plcnly of time in doing this work.

Also give each sheep 5 grs, of solo] at :1

(loss Ihrcc timcs (I day.





 





 





 





IVestcrn sheepmen wore grontly pleased

over tho advance of five cents a pound in

the price of wool in the London market

and the continued firmness in American

markets. Montana sliccpmen expect a

good wool clip the coming spring, al-

though the numbcr of shecp for shearing

is comparatively small. Flocks of sheep.

as well as herds of cattle, have come

through the winter in the sheltcred Yel-

lowstone Valicy of Montana much better

than was expected, the good fall range

having given stock a good start and en-

abling sheep to enter the cold weather in

better flesh than usual. Hay was never

before plentier in that region, but not

much of it has been fed.





3.01)





443





 





HEWO STOCK FARM





The Home of the





 





 





 





BELGIANS





This announcement is for the men

who know a horse, who need a horse,

and who arc familiar with values

when they find something suitable.

Have you, Mr. Stallioner, spent dol-

lars Lisclessly searching for a first-

class Bclgian stallion or a No. 1 Bel-

gian mare for a price at which you

could afford to own some? Have you,

Mr. Prospective Purchaser, decided

where you are going to find what you

want?



We want to state here, and to state

most emphatically, that our twenty-

flve years’ buying experience in Bel-

gium, and our selling system (all

stock sold at the farm), places us in

a position to sell 2L good stallion or

a good mare at prices beyond com-

petition.



\Ve are talking of good horses, not

the mediocre kind, and we are in

position to sell this good kind at lesser

figures than are demanded by some

firms for the ordinary sort. If you are

in the market for an extra good im-

ported Belgian stallion or mare, come

to Hewo and save all these useless

side trips, secure a horse that repre-

sents every dollar that is demanded

for same. and be a gainer of several

hundred dollars on account of “the

difference in price.”



We have I number ol' home bred colts at

extremeiy reasonable prices.



“Remember. Nothing but Belgians." -





Don't wait to write, visit.





H. & H. WOLF, Wabash, Indiana





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Take the time; come to our barn:

got-21 Stallion. A whole barn full

of good ones. Don’t buy an in-

ferior horse and complain. Buy

of us and be satisficd. Our old

customers buy again; why not

you?



“'e always handle the good

ones and will use you right.

Give us a trial. It will be worth

while.



GEO. W. SOUERS 6 SONS.

601 to 949 West Matilda St..

HUNTINGTON. IND.

()‘ur Stallion S’rricc book for 100.





 





 





 





 





 





 





Why not buy a





DRAFT STALLION





Splendid Selection of





Percherons & Belgians





BEL]. BROS., Wooster, 0hio.





Write for Catalog.





 





PEROHERDN





Stallions and Mares of quality.

At Reduced Prices.



A. A. PALMEII & SONS, Balding, Ionia 00.. Mich.



PERGHEBDN. BELGIAN, SHIRE, HACKNEY



STALLIONS 8: MARES.





Two to 1 years old, imported and American

bred. (.‘hoice colors. lots of bone. weighing or

maturing 1.800 to 2,3003bs. Threeimportationslast

few months, others to follow soon. Prices below

competition, I sell them low and they go fast





LEW W. COCH RAN.

Office l09% S. Washington St.. CRAWFORDSVILLE, IND.





FOR SALE OR TRADE!





. _ A 4-YEAR-OLD BELGIAN STALLION,

“01(41)le lbs, right in every way! Also two young

JACKS. one coming two years old and thcothcr

coming thrcc. [tight in cvcry way. ddrcss



W. (i. HIM.“ ELVVHIHHT, Frankfort. Indiana.





 





 





Breeders. of lacks and Percheron Horses‘20 “”99





_ . and four

year old Jacki-1.1:) vearhngs. Some nice Percheron

Stallions, M ares, ,olts and Tamworth swine. All

stock registered or. subject to registry. We would be

glad to have you visit._our farm or write for circulars.

H. T. Brown & 00., 136 W'. Short St.. Lexington. Ky.





JACKS.





Biggest Jack offering ever made. w-day sale on 55

hen. of extra big r0 Istered Mammoth jacks at 601: of

their value. Prices , to 31.200 each. I am im ort-

ingZOOPeroheron and Belgian mares and80 stal ions

and must close out a lot of {asks to get money and

make room._ erte for cats 03. photograph, descrip-

tion and price list.





W. L. DeCLOW,

Cedar Rapids Jack Farm, Cedar Rapids, ll.
444





(12)





THE MICHIGAN





 





PRACTICAL SCIENCE.





 





 





INTRODUCTION TO THE PRINCIPLES

OF ANIMAL NUTRITION.





BY FLOYD WV. ROBISON.





Vegetation Preceded Animal Life.



There has been some considerable dis-

cussion among logiclans as to which form

of life, animal or vegetable, took priority

on this planet. Trace back as far as his—

tory and geological evidence carries us,

evidence of both animal and vegetable

life is found. There can be little oppor—

tunity for discussion, however. we think,

when the absolute dependence of animal

lifc upon vegetable life is cmnprehended.

True, there are certain forms of animal life

which seemingly have no dependence up-

on vegetation; certain of the completely

carniVorous type of animals live entirely

upon ill'sll and the remains of other ani-

mal lii‘t-. But tracing back to its begin-

ning we can readily see that animal life

has its origin in vegetable life. In fact,

the correctness of the biblical adage. “All

ilesh is grass,” has never been seriously

questioned. We have studied brietly the

evolution, we may say, of life upon the

plallct. beginning with the general forma-

tion of soil from the dissolving and dis-

intcgration of rock due to chemic forces,

and the, appearance somewhat later of the

low forms of plant lite and their subse—

quent variation into the. almost indeter-

minabl.‘ number of vegetable forms. This

variation of species to adapt plant life to

the variety of conditions produced by

\Vefltllti‘l‘ and reduction of rock resulted

in, centuries ago, the arival of a period

of riotous plant existence.



There are living examples today of this

period of vegetable lit'c. Estimates have

bccn made of the length of life of some

of the giant trees in California, and we

now know that some of these trees must

have bcen standing in thOse places when

t‘hrist was on the earth, a theme magnifi-

cent in itself and furnishing much food

for the «tuict contemplation of a thinking

Illilll.



Animal Life Dependent on Vegetable



Life.



The appearanCe of vegetation on the

earth was the second step in the earth's

preparation for the final existence of man.

Maiiii‘cstly, vegetable life could find no

opportunity for existence until the solid

rock of which this planet at first consist—

cd bt‘wame, through natural agencies, dis-

integrated and dissolvcd so that its var-

ious mineral elements could fulfill their

oilice as administrative agents to plant

life. l_.ikcwise animal life has been on-

tirely dependent upon plant life and it is

inlpt).<.<llil¢' for animal lifc to gain any do—

grcc oi sustenance direct from the min-

cral matter. But, if the elements of the

nnivcist- are molded into the organic

structure through the medium of vege—

table life, then it is possible for animal

llfl' to exist.



Analysis of Animal Body no Index of its

Demands Upon the Food Supply.



\Vc cannot gain a true index of the de-

mands of the animal body upon the vege—

table matter by making an analysis of

that animal body at maturity. Neither

can we arrive at the true index of the de-

mands upon plant life upon the soil in

such a way. .-\s we llith' stated previ—

ously, we belieVe some considerable error

has crept into our theory of the use of

connncrcial manure because of the al-

most universally prevalent idea that the

demands of the, plant on the soil can be

judged by making an analysis of that





plant at maturity. \\'c have stated our

reasons heretofore for differing in this

very point. We now extend that same





logic t. animal life. in which sphere its

truthfulness is more readily and more

generally apparent.



Metabolism Defined.





Like plants, only more readily apparent,

animals are possessed of a more or less

intricate digestive system which means

simply that there is brought into contact

with the minute cells in the animal body

food material which administers, if ac-

ceptable, to the nourishment of the ani—

mal body. Very little. if any, food ma—

terial contributes 100 per cent nourishing

material to the animal body. Most of it,

because of its natural structure, contains

ingredients or constituents which do not

readily yield to the digestive influence in

the animal body. Consequently, there is

an undigested residue which represents

in the main the rejected portions of the

food supply. During an animal’s life this

may amount to many, many times the

body weight of the animal at maturity.





Indeed, the portion of the food that is

digested is in itself exchanged from time

to time, due to the various activities of

the body, which exchange we call meta-

bolism. These products of metabolism

likewise represent many, many times the

weight of the constituents in the animal

body at maturity. So it may be seen

readily that in animal life as in plant life

there is a constant in—come and out-go of

food material and rejected matter. The

life. of the individual animal as with the

individual plant, depends largely upon se-

curing a healthy and representative in-

terchange between the in-come and out-

go of material. In animal life we call this

a healthy metabolic relationship. In plant

life we'would call it a well nourished soil

and a climate adapted to that plant's par-

ticular needs.



Study of Animal Nutrition Hinges Upon



the Single Cell.





Scientists have attempted to study

problems of animal nutrition heretofore.

too much in the aggregate. It has taken

a number of years to convince the ex-

perimenters that the most intricate prob-

lem of metabolism is represented just as

fully in the life history of a single cell

as in the. most highly organized and com—

plex animal body. “'0 cannot hope to

solve problems in the nutrition of man

and animals until we know something of

the nutrition of the single~celled body of

which animal bodies are made up in com-

plex arrangement.





An Illustration.



Suppose for the sake of an illustration

we take something that is more or less

familiar. One of the common low forms

of life most easily accessible is the single-

celled amoeba. Suppose we place on the

stage of our microscope a drop of water

containing some amoebae and watch their

activity in the drop of water. \Ve may

see this small una—celled organism fioat~

ing along until presently it comes in con—

tact with a morscl of food material. Some

conscious, unseen attractive force draws

the amoeba into contact with this morscl

of food. It remains in contact a moment

and then an indentation in the wall of

the one-celled body is noticed and before

long the particle of food material has been

taken in and is undergoing a process of

:bsorption and of being converted into

protoplasm in the single—cell. This proc-

ess completed, the amoeba pursues its

journey. Directly it comes in contact

with another particle in the water and is

again attracted. It remains in contact

a moment and then bOunds free without

attempting to assimilate this second par-

ticle of material. ‘What is it that has told

this little body that the first particle

with which it came in contact was food

and the second particle was poison? There

is an individual, we would say. without

sense of feeling or any of the other senses

with which complex animal bodies are en-

dowed. yet exerting all of the powers of

selection for which healthy animal bod-

ies are noted. In animal digestion the

same process is undergone and an animal

has no more assimilated and made an

integral part of its body food material

which it has eaten than that amoeba

made an integral part of its delicate

structure the particle of material in the

drop of water with which it had come in

contact but had not absorbed.



Why Scientific Selection of Food and Dis-

cretion Pays.





In plain words. the food the animal

eats must pass in review all along the

alimentary canal of these one—celled

guards which exercise their discretion, if

you will, in checking the wisdom of the

animal in the food which he has selected.

A moderate amount of poisonous material

will be rejected when man or the animal,

from his lack of discretion and wisdom.

forces upon these one—celled bodies which

guard his digestive system excessive

amounts. But when worn out in their

fight against hopeless odds, they weary

and losing thus their vigilance the poison-

ous material filters through and comes in

contact with the sensitive protoplasm

within the cell, and the evil consequences

of this malnutrition is thus rendered very

apparent.



LIMING OF SOILS.

(Continued).

Forms of Lime.



Lime, like fertilizers, should be applied

in as fine a state of division as it is pos-

sible to get it. “'e are of the opinion that

the most desirable form in which lime





\





FARMER.



may be applied to the soil, from a stand-

point of crop effect, and from astand-

point of economy as well, is in the form

of finely ground carbonate of lime. Quick-

lime. or slaked lime, is more desirable

from the standpoint of fineness of division

than is carbonate of lime but the disad-

vantages in the use of quicklime, to our

mind, outweigh its advantages over car-

bonate of lime in this respect. Quicklime

may be used on the soil but if extreme

care is not used in the matter the soil

immediately adjacent or in contact with

the quicklime will be injured, which in-

jury, to our mind, Will offset many of the

advantages that would later accrue be-

cause of the presence of lime.





Lime Readily Carbonates.



Again, without doubt to our mind, prac-

iically the first change the lime undergoes

when spread upon the soil is the carbon-'

ating change by means of which the lime

becomes converted into carbonate of lime

at once and hence is no more directly

soluble than is the finely ground carbon-

ate of lime which we distributed in the

first place.





Marl, Etc.



In certain sections of the state there

are immense beds of marl which, if they

are sufficiently near so that the trans-

portation item is not an important one,

may be used to good advantage. Marl,

however. should be thoroughly dried and

unless it is dry it is scarcely economical

for the farmer to haul it upon his field.

Again, at the sugar factories, there are

various products which, could they be

obtained cheap enough. would be desir-

able. Lime that is in chunks, or even in

lumps the size of a pea, are altogether too

coarse to be added advantageously to the

soil. As a comparison, suppose that finely

ground limestone can be purchased f. o.

b. your town for $4 or $5 per ton. To our

mind it is cheaper than limestone which

varies all the way from the size of a pea

to the size of an egg, which would cost

from 50 to 75 cents a ton.



It is not necessary for us to dwell on the

sources of lime since we have covered the

sources which are available for the farm-

ers of this state. “'5 may simply men-

tion. besides limestone, in certain sec-

tions of the country. quicklime, slaked

lime. oyster shells, basic slag and gypsum

are resorted to as sources of lime. To

our mind. as stated before. limestone is

the most economical and desirable source

of lime for the farmers of Michigan.



Caution.



In conclusion on this subject, we- will

simply state a word of caution where lime

is to be used. Remember that fineness

of division is the all—desirable factor in

the purchase of lime.





LABORATORY REPORT.





 





 





“’hich is the more economical to apply

on the land, lime-stone (varying from

coarse gravel to egg size). at 75 cents per

ion, or fresh burned stone lime at $4 per

ton? Can secure either at the beet sugar

factory 14 miles from my home. Have

secured some lime cake or crusts from

the sugar vats gratis. by hauling away

from door of factory.



Ionia Co. G. S. McM.



Regarding the question with reference

to limestone, raised by G. S. M., above.





will say that in our opinion limestone





varying in size from coarse gravel to egg'





,-





sizc at 13 cents per ton is not arr eco—

nomical product to buy and put upon the

farm. In the same way we should say

that fresh burned limestone lime, if, as

we understand by this term you mean

lime‘in lumps and chunks, would not be

economical at the price of $4.00 per ton.

Quicklime should be finely ground to be

economically applied to the soil, otherwise

it will slack in lumps and will be too

powerful in its effect upon the immediate

soil surrounding it. At the same time,

coarse limestone. such as is included in

the qhestion above, requires too long to

get in proper condition for availability in

the soil. \Ve think limestone which is

very finely ground is as advantageous and

economical a way to apply lime as can be

iound. This product. finely pulverized,

may be purchased and delivered f. o. b.

your station at perhaps $5.00 per ton and

at such a rate, to our mind, is a much

better and more economical investment

than either one of the two sources men-

tioned in your letter.



Bear this thing in mind in the applica—

tion of lime, and that is it should be in

just as fine condition as possible so that

it may be evenly and thinly distributed

over the soil.





_.__.__—..._





“Best Paper on Earth."



Editor Michigan Farmerz—I send you

this day express money order for $2.75 as

renewal subscription to the best agricul—

tural paper on earth today—A. M. Deitz.





.i. . a.





Menu. 13, 1912"





Avoi roofing: that

crack like old shoes,

because—

the oils of their pores

dry-out after short

exposure to sun and

air, and leave the

roofing lifeless and

leaky. Get the per-





manent roofing-





The natural oil: of

Trinidad L a k e as-

phalt a r e lastingly

stored in it. That’s

t h 6 difference b c -

tween natural and ar-

tificial.



They keep Genasco

pliable—always

ready to resist every

condition of weather

that attacks it.



Put Genasco on the

roof of all your farm-

buildings, and forget

ltldineral or smooth surface. Sev-

eral weights. In handy rolls. Ready

to lay—and easily done by anyone.

iifizeyfié'imdi’fi‘ifieié’ih Etio'liaii'égi





uide Book and

sample—free.



TheKant-Ie-k

Kleet, for smooth-

'surface roofincs,

makesseamswatcr-

tight without ce-

ment. and prevents

nail-leaks.





The Barber Asphalt Paving Company





Largest producers of asphalt. and largest

manufacturers of ready roofing In the world.





Philadelphia

New York San Francisco Chicago





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





   





1‘ Boy ..

Accurate, thorough cultivation with the

Kraus Pivot-Axle Sulky Cultivator is only a

matter of steering; not of work. Gangs and





wheels moved simultaneously to right or left

by slightest touch of operator‘s foot. Shovels





itédswuam‘stt pon . m:

S U LKY

GULTIVATOR





Perfect for hillsides or

crooked YOWI- Instantly Id-

iuatablc for width of row

and depth and angle of

, aboch Hizborlovwhceln

t - or Pivot-Gang. Light dull.

V ,.\ " _ AlsoClipwlln-nock I.

(I v II your dealer doesn‘t

"R‘- ‘ , handle the Knit. don‘t ac-



cepta substitute. write us.





 





Catalogue free. I





AKRON cumvnon co

Dept. 64‘ anon, OHIO





 





 





 

 





 





As Low as $10





Andunyboycano nteitandumtho coo!

this now In two ays equiv by contra

w bet, firewood. lath. fences. pooh. etc...





3:: neighbor:



Hertzler& Zoolt S



Portable Wood aw



is positively chat Ind but. MM 1

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APRIL 13, 1912.





YY'YYVVYYVYVYVVYYYYVYYY





E' ' THE? DAIRY





ALAAAA’AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAI'I





CONDUCTED BY COLON c. LILLIE.





 





 





UTILIZING SKlM-MILK.





 





In these days much Of the profit, and in

many cases, the whole of the success, of

a business depends upon utilizing the by-

products to the most profitable advantage.

If we will make a careful study of the

business methods employed by the lead-

ing manufacturing plants we will find that

it is upon the economical use of their by-

products that they have built up ‘a suc-

ce3sful business. It is upon the more

economical use of these valuable by—pro-

ducts that I desire to present a few

thoughts to dairymen.



According to an estimate made about

five years ago by Secretary of Agricul-

ture \Vilson, the value of the dairy by—

products of the country for one year

would amount to considerably over fifty

million dollars. This item alone we can

readily see is of vast importance to (lary-

mcn and should command their careful

attention.



Skim-milk as a Human Food.



Of the various by-products,.skim—milk

is by far the most important and is the

most susceptible to varied and economic

uses. Skim-milk as a human food is a

question that has been studied in all its

phases by the most scientfic men, until

at the present time the problem of pre-

serving this liquid food in a solid form

has been solved, and there are numerous

factories Where a product known as pow-

dered milk is being manufactured.



There are four kinds Of powdered milk.

One product. is made from cream, one

from whole milk, one from half—skimmed

milk and one from skim—milk. The pro-

duct made from skim—milk is by far the

most important and the trade in this pro-

duct is rapidly increasing. By a secret

process the manufacturers are able to

remove the water from the milk, and the

resulting product is a. white powder,

which, wh ‘xjd with water makes a

pure and 1e article of diet. This

powdered sed largely by bakers

and confectioners, to whom a pure article

of skim—milk is a daily necessity. It may

be stored in cans or barrels and used as

needed. and the baker or confectioner is

independent of the city milk dealer or de-

layed milk trains.



The use of this by—product is deserving

of being encouraged, and it may make a

useful portion of the every-day diet of a.

large number of people. The United

States navy ordered large quantities of

this product, for their trip around the

world, and from present indications a

large foreign demand will be ready to be

supplies as soon as the good food quali-

ties Of the new product have become es—

tablished.



During the past two years I have writ-

ten a number Of articles for this paper in

which I have emphasized the necessity

for economy in production, but after a

close, study Of the manufacturing end of

the business I have found that economy

in manufacturing must receiVe equally as

much attention That the old-fashioned

creamcries and cheese factories can no

longer compete with the powdered milk

plants and condensaries is no longer idle

talk, but a commercial, an economic and

an agricultural fact, for the reason that

they cannot realize an increased profit by

the intelligent use of their by—preducts.



The question of how to dispose of this

powdered milk without reducing the price

of the (wholel milk is tO my mind the

greatest dairy problem of the day_ Ear-

nest effort should be made to encourage

this object. “'e should have experts to

study the conditions for the opening up

of foreign trade, and give practical dem-

onstrations to show the various uses to

which this product is adapted,



in baking bread this product adds to

the weight and nutritive value of the loaf

and enough flour may be saved to nearly

pay for the product used and yet make a

loaf of greater weight and

more food value. Practical experiments

show us that milk bread is richer in fatty

matter and markedly superior in albu-

mlnoids, or flesh-forming constituents,

due, undoubtedly, to the casein of the

milk' being mixed or incorporated with the

fibrin of the flour. Bakers have long

known the value of skim—milk in bread

imaking, yet the difficulty of obtaining a

.«uniform product has been the cause of

their not utilizing it, but with the com-

ing of powdered milk this objection is re-

moved, and now it is possible to keep the





 

 





possessings-ho





product in barrels in their bakery and at

any time when it is needed all that is

necessary is to add a little pure water

and the white powder does the rest. Used

in this way there is a great future pos-

sibility for the powdered milk industry

and it is certain to become an important

factor in determining the value Of all

dairy products in the near future. The

condensary plants are also an important

factor in utilizing the whole of the milk

to a. more profitable advantage than the

creamery and the cheese factory.



Skim-Milk as a Food fOr Animals.



As a food for domestic animals skim-

milk occupies a conspicuous place among

the various kinds Of feed-stuffs, especially

as a food for young and growing animals.

The facts which have been proven by th0

various experiment stations are as fol—‘1

lows:





 





THE MicinAN \FARMER.‘ ' (13)





Skim-milk gives the best returns whenl





fed to very young animals and when it





constitutes the larger part of their ra-

tion.





It is next best for animals making rap-





id growth, but which need food other

than milk, mainly of a carbonaceous

nature.



No class Of live stock will give greater

returns for skim-milk than poultry of

various kihds. At the New York Experi—

ment Station chickens were grown sue-

(-essfully on a diet composed largely of

skim-milk, although they were allowed a





run of the fields during the time they;

were being fed this ration. I





It was estimated in this test that after:

allowing from 25 to 50 cents a hundred_j

pounds for the skim-milk and some other‘

food in proportion, the cost of producing

one pound of live weight was less than

six cents up to three pounds each. Dur-

ing the time the test was made the skim“

milk was fed sweet, but it has been

found that it is equally as satisfactory

when fed thick and loppered, and the

waste is much less in that form. Many

practical poultrymcn believe that skim—

milk is worth from 50 cents to $1.00 a

hundred when fed to young ducks and

turkeys. '



The most rapid gains in pig feeding arc

made by dairy farmers who understand

how to feed our dairy by-products in con—

nection with grain foods, Professor Henry

of \Visconsin, who is without doubt the

highest living authority-on feeding do-

mestic animals, says regarding the value

of skim—milk as a food for swine:



“Skim-milk has a value as a food for;

stock that is higher than the mere serving?

as a substitute for grain. All of the con!

stituents of milk are digestible, and this!

valuable by—product of the dairy is rich

in blood and bone building constituents":



Experiments have been made in which

milk and other feeds have been fed to

pigs to ascertain the effect Of these feeds

upon the bone and muscle of the animals.

it has been found by tests that the bones

were made stronger by feeding milk.



\\’lien we consider the use of this food

for blood and bone making we must eon—

sidcr its easy digestibility and that, by

adding a number Of other foods to the

ration it makes it more palatable and di-

gestible. We must hold skim-milk to a

high place in the list Of available farm

feeds.



Authorities seem to differ on the rela—

tive value of sweet and sour skimmilk as

a food for swine, but my experience eon-

vinccs me that either is desirable, but

that sudden changes should be avoided

if we would'not injure the digestive sys—

tems of the animals.



(‘alves appear to be next as profitable

consumers of skim-milk, and some feed-l

ers think that they can feed their skim—

milk to calves and derive more profit

from it than by feeding it to swine. This

depends to a large extent upon the goof:

qualities of the animals that are being

fed.



In feeding calves, one Gent’s worth or

a little more, of linseed oil meal will take

the place of butter-fat that is removed,





 





ms; “25.13;; *2::“‘::.;.:.::‘.:: 323425;: AMERICAN SEPARATOR co, mam,





for the calves than the milk that is cold

and sour. A young animal that is fed on:

skim-milk with mill feed and grains can‘

made to weigh almost as much at1

one year of age as one ,of similar breed-

ing fed on whole milk with the same

kinds of grain.



Calves for veal may be fed on whole

milk for a while, then they may be grad—

ually changed to skim—milk and grain and

fed for a while, and then fitted for mar-

ket by feeding them whole milk for a

while, to put on a smooth finish and im-

prove their sale. In feeding skim-milk

overfeeding must be avoided, as calves

are easily made sick.





 





 





 





New York. W. MILTON KELLY.





 





ARE THE MT SATARY





The up-to-date De Laval Cream Separators excel other





 

   

 





 





   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





separators not. only in thoroughness Of separation, ease Of

running, simplicity and durability but as well in the important

feature of being the easiest cleaned Of all cream separators

and the only cream separator which is thoroughly cleanable





under ordinary every day use conditions.



Themodem De Laval separator bowl is completely unas-

sembled in cleaning and every part is smooth, visible and easily

reachable, without hinge, tube, pocket, or crevice anywhere.

The whole bowl is washed thoroughly in a couple Of minutes.



The frame is Smooth and free from recesses and every part.

is as accessible and thoroughly cleanable as the bowl itself.

The gears and bushings are protected from milk or water

reaching them, and there is no slop under or around the machine.





l

l

QUALITY OF CREAM AND BUTTER l





 





DEPENDENT UPON SEPARATOR CLEANLINESS .





An unclean separator bowl or filthy separator frame neces- 5

sarily means a bacteria infected and inferior quality of cream. '

Buyers of farm separator cream and buttermaking authorities 3

generally are constantly emphasizing this point. ,



One of the prize winning creamery buttermakers at the last

National Dairy Show recently wrote us:



HWe are sorry for the use of so many ‘mail order’

and other inferior separators in our territory. It seems

to be almost impossible to clean them, even though the

farmers do try—and a good many of them don’t even

try. We wish you could do more missionary work to get

those rotten separators out of the country. It is im=

possiblé for any buttermaker to make good butter from

spoiled or tainted cream.”





Any De Laval agent will be glad to take a modern Dc Laval

machine apart for you so that you can see for yourself its sini-

plicity and sanitarincss of construction and how much more

easily and perfectly it may be cleaned than any other separator.





THE DE LAVAL SEPARATOR Co.





NEW YORK CHICAGO SAN FRANCISCO SEATTLE





95 iiiii I”





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SENT 0N TRIAL.

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Write for Free Booklet

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Contain. full information and complete feeding directions I0! using





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When writing to advertisers mention The Michigan Farmer.
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444 (13) ’





:\r ,' ..





THE MICHIGAN FARMER. ,





 





PRACTICAL SCIENCE.





INTRODUCTION TO THE PRINCIPLES

OF’ ANIMAL NUTRITION.





 





BY FLOYD W. ROBISON.





Vegetation Preceded Animal Life.



There has been some considerable dis—

cussion among logicians as to which form

of life, animal or vegetable, took priority

on this planet. Trace back as far as his-

tory and geological evidence carries us,

evidence of both animal and vegetable

life is found. There can be little oppor-

tunity for discussion, however. we think,

when the absolute dependence of animal

life upon vegetable life is comprehended.

True, there are certain forms of animal life

which seemingly have no dependenCe up-

on vegetation; certain of the completely

carniVorous type- of animals live entirely

up0n ilvsh and the remains of other ani—

mal life. But tracing back to its begin-

ning we can readily see that animal life

has its origin in vegetable life. In fact,

the correctness of the biblical adage, “All

ilesh is grass,” has never been seriously

questioned. \Ve have studied brieily the

evolution, we may say, of life upon the

planet. beginning with the general forma-

tion of soil from the dissolving and dis-

integration of rock due to chemic forces,

and the appearance somewhat later of the

low forms of plant life and their subse—

quent variation into the almost indeter—

minalnk number of vegetable forms. This

variation of species to adapt plant life to

the variety of conditions produced by

weathcr and reduction of rock resulted

in. centuries ago, the arival ot' a period

of riotous plant existence.



There are living examples today of this

period of vegetable lii‘c. Estimates have

been made of the length of life of some

of the giant trees in California. and we

now know that some of these trees must

have been standing in those places when

(‘hrist was on the earth, a theme magnifi-

rent in itself and furnishing much food

for the quiet contemplation of a thinking

lllilll.



Animal Life Dependent on Vegetable



Life.



The appearance of vegetation on the

earth was the second step in the earth‘s

preparation for the final existence of man.

l\lanii‘cstly, vegetable life could find no

opportunity for existence until the solid

rock of which this planet at first consist—

ed became, through natural agencies, dis-

integrated and dissolved so that its var-

ious mineral elements could fulfill their

oilice as administrative agents to plant

life. Likewise, animal life has been on-

tirely dcpcndent upon plant life and it is

impossible for animal life to gain any dc-

grce oi sustenance direct from the min-

eral matter. But, if the elements of the

univeise are molded into the organic

structure through the medium of vege-

table life, then it is possible for animal

lifq- to exist.



Analysis of Animal Body no Index of its

Demands Upon the Food Supply.



\V'e cannot gain a true index of the de-

mands oi" the animal body upon the vege-

table matter by making an analysis of

that animal body at maturity. Neither

can we arrive at, the true index of the de-

mands upon plant life upon the soil in

such a way. As we have stated previ—

ously, we believe some considerable error

has crept into our theory of the uSc of

(tlnllllt‘l't‘lfll manure because of the al—

most universally prcvalent idea that the

demands of the plant on the soil can be

judged by making an analysis of that

plant at maturity. \Vc have stated our

reasons heretofore for differing in this

very point. We now extend that same

logic H animal life, in which sphere its

truthfulness is more readily and more

generally apparent.



Metabolism Defined.



Like plants, only more readily apparent,

animals are possessed of a more or less

intricate digestive system which means

simply that there is brought into contact

with the minute cells in the animal body

food material which administers, if ac—

ceptable, to the nourishment of the ani-

mal body. Very little, if any, food ma-

terial contributes 100 per cent nourishing

material to the animal body. Most of it,

because of its natural structure, contains

ingredients or constituents which do not

readily yield to the digestive influence in

the animal body. Consequently, there is

an undigested residue which represents

in the main the rejected portions of the

food supply. During an animal’s life this

may amount to many, many times the

body weight of the animal at maturity.





Indeed, the portion of the food that is

digested is in itself exchanged from time

to time, due to the various activities of

the body, which exchange we call meta-

bolism. These products of metabolism

likewise represent many, many times the

weight of the constituents in the animal

body at maturity. So it may be seen

readily that in animal life as in plant life

there is a constant income and out-go of

food material and rejected matter. The

life. of the individual animal as with the

individual plant, depends largely upon se—

curing a healthy and representative in-

terchange between the in—comc and out-

go of material. In animal life We call this

a healthy metabolic relationship. In plant

life we'lwould call it a well nourished soil

and a climate adapted to that plant's par-

ticular needs.



Study of Animal Nutrition Hinges Upon



the Single Cell.





Scientists have attempted to study

problems of animal nutrition heretofore

too much in the aggregate. It has taken

a number of years to convince the ex-

perimenters that the most intricate prob—

lem of metabolism is represented just as

fully in the life history of a single cell

as in the most highly organized and com—

plex animal body. “'0 cannot hope to

solve problems in the nutrition of man

and animals until we know something of

the nutrition of the single-celled body of

which animal bodies are made up in com-

plex arrangement.





An Illustration.



Suppose for the sake of an illustration

we take something that is more or less

familiar. One of the common low forms

of life most easily accessible is the single—

celled amoeba. Suppose we place on the

stage of our microscope a drop of water

containing some amoebae and watch their

activity in the, drop of water. \Ve may

see this small una—celled organism float-

ing along until presently it comes in con.

tact with a morsel of food material. Some

conscious, unseen attractive force draws

the amoeba into contact with this morsel

of food. It remains in contact a moment

and then an indentation in the wall of

the one-celled body is noticed and before

long the particle of food material has been

taken in and is undergoinga process of

tbsorption and of being converted into

protoplasm in the single-cell. This proc-

ess completed, the amoeba pursues its

journey. Directly it comes in contact

with another particle in the water and is

again attracted. It remains in contact

a moment and then bounds free without

attempting to assimilate this second par—

ticle of material. What is it that has told

this little body that the first particle

with which it came in contact was food

and the second particle was poison? There

is an individual, we would say, without

sense of feeling or any of the other senses

with which complex animal bodies are en-

dowed, yet exerting all of the powers of

selection for which healthy animal bod-

ies are noted. In animal digestion the

same process is undergone and an animal

has no more assimilated and made an

integral part of its body food material

which it has eaten than that amoeba

made an integral part of its delicate

structure the particle of material in the

drop of water with which it had come in

contact but had not absorbed.





Why Scientific Selection of Food and Dis-

cretion Pays.





In plain words. the food the animal

cats must pass in review all along the

alimentary canal of these one—celled

guards which exercise their discretion, if

you will, in checking the wisdom of the

animal in the food which he has selected.

A moderate amount of poisonous material

will be rejected when man or the animal,

from his lack of discretion and wisdom.

forces upon these one-celled bodies which

guard his digestive system excessive

amounts. But when worn out in their

fight against hopeless odds, they weary

and losing thus their vigilance the poison-

ous material filters through and comes in

contact with the sensitive protoplasm

within the cell, and the evil consequences

of this malnutrition is thus rendered very

apparent.





LIMING OF SOILS.

(Continued).

Forms of Lime.



Lime, like fertilizers, should be applied

in as fine a state of division as it is pos-

sible to get it. “'e are of the opinion that

the most desirable form in which lime





 





i





may be applied to the soil, from a stand-

point of crop effect, and from astand-

point of economy as well, is in the form

of finely ground carbonate of lime. Quick-

lime, or slaked lime, is more desirable

from the standpoint of fineness of division

than is carbonate of lime but the disad-

vantages ln the use of quicklime, to our

mind, ‘toutweigh its advantages over car-

bonate of lime in this respect. Quicklime

may be used on the soil but if extreme

care is not used in the matter the soi,l_~

immediately adjacent or in contact with

the quicklime will be injured, which in-

jury, to our mind, will offset many of the

advantages that would later accrue be-

cause of the presence of lime.





Lime Readily Cbarbonates.



Again, without doubt to our mind, prac-

tically the first change the lime undergoes

when spread upon the soil is the carbon—

ating change by means of which the lime

becomes converted into carbonate of lime

at once and hence is no more directly

soluble than is the finely ground carbon-

ate of lime which we distributed in the

first place.



Marl, Etc.



In certain sections of the state there

are immense beds of marl which, if they

are sufficiently near so that the trans-.

portation item is not an important one,

may be used to good advantage. Marl,

however, should be thoroughly dried and

unless it is dry it is scarcely economical

for the farmer to haul it upon his field.

Again, at the sugar factories, there are

various products which, c0uld they be

obtained cheap enough, would be desir-

able. Lime that is in chunks, or- even in

lumps the size of a pea, are altogether too

coarse to be added advantageously to the

soil. As a comparison, suppose that finely

ground lime-stone can be purchased f. o.

b. your town for $4 or $5 per ton. To our

mind it is cheaper than limestone which

varies all the way from the size of a pea

to the size of an egg, which would cost

from 50 to 75 cents a ton.



It is not necessary for us to dwell on the





sources of lime since we have covered the





sources which are available for the farm-

ers of this state. We may simply men-

tion, besides limestone, in certain sec-

tions of the country, quicklime, slaked

lime, oyster shells, basic slag and gypsum

are resorted to as sources of lime. To

our mind. as stated before. limestone is

the most economical and desirable source

of lime for the farmers of Michigan.

Caution.



In conclusion on this subject, we will

simply state a word of caution where lime

is to be used. Remember that fineness

of division is the all-desirable factor in

the purchase of lime.





LABORATORY REPORT.





 





 





IVhich is the more economical to apply

on the land, lime-stone (varying from

coarse gravel to egg size). at 75 cents per

ion, or fresh burned stone lime at $4 per

ton? Can secure either at the beet sugar

factory 14 miles from my home. Have

secured some lime cake or crusts from

the sugar vats gratis, by hauling away

from door of factory. ,



Ionia Co. G. S. McM.



Regarding the question with reference

to limestone, raised by G. S. M., above!

will say that in our opinion limestonei

varying in size from coarse gravel to egg

size at 7.3 cents per ton is not an eco—

nomical product to buy and put upon the

farm. In the same way we should say

that fresh burned limestone lime, if, as

we understand by this term you mean

lime in lumps and chunks, would not be

economical at the price of $4.00 per ton.

Quicklime should be finely ground to be

economically applied to the soil, otherwise

it will slack in lumps and will be too

powerful in its effect upon the immediate

soil surrounding it. At the same time,

coarse limestone, such as is included in

the question above, requires too long to

get in proper condition for availability in

the soil. “Te, think limestone which is

very finely ground is as advantageous and





 





 





A-PRIL'13, isiz'.





Avoid roofing: that

crack like old shoes,

because—

the oils of their pores

dry-out after short

exposure W‘sun and

air, and leave the

roofing lifeless and

leaky. Get the per-

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\J. \_.. :77 :1, * __W,

DAD‘LAKE’ASPI‘IALI-

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The natural oil: of

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phalt a r e lastingly

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t h c dificrencc b c -

tween natural and ar-

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They keep Genasco

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ready to resist every

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Put Genasco on the

roof of all your farm-

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ltllineral or smooth surface. Sev—

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lt.l”;.i‘.‘:dd°.:lil.¥ 332° 513.13%:

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Largest producers of asphalt, and largest

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Philadelphia

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-;, Boy ...

Gan War I





Accurate, thorough cultivation with the

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SU KY





 

 

   





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economical a way to apply lime as can be

found. This product. finely pulverized,

may be purchased and delivered f. o. b.

your station at perhaps $5.00 per ton and

at such a rate, to our mind, is a much

better and more, economical investment

than either one of the two sources men-

tioned in your letter.



Bear this thing in mind in the applica-

tion of lime, and that is it should be in

just as fine condition as possible so that

it may be evenly and thinly distributed

over the soil.





 





“Best Paper on Earth."

Editor Michigan Farmer:——I send you

this day express money order for $2.75 as

renewal subscription to the best agricul-





 





tural paper on earth today—A. M. Deitz.





 





Andmyboycantapenmitnnd earn the prioeot



this saw 1:;- tvarloe an may by com-citing“?



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APRIL 13, ‘1912. ,





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‘ - THE? DAIRY





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CONDUCTED BY COLON C. LILLIE.





 





UTILIZING SKlM-MILK.





 





In these days much of the profit, and in

many cases, the whole of the success, of

a business depends upon utilizing the by-

products to the most profitable advantage.

If we will make a careful study of the

business methods employed by the lead-

ing manufacturing plants we will find that

it is upon the economical use of their by-

products that they have built up 'a suc—

cessful business. It is upon the more

economical use of these valuable by—pro-

ducts that I desire to present a. few

thoughts to dairymen.



According to an estimate made about

five years ago by Secretary of Agricul-

ture \Vilson, the value of the dairy by-

products of the country for one year

would amount to considerably over fifty

million dollars. This item alone we can

readily see is of vast importance to dary-

men and should command their careful

attention.



Skim-milk as a Human Food.



Of the various by-products, skim-milk

is by far the most important and is the

most susceptible to varied and economic

uses. Skim-milk as a human food is a

question that has been studied in all its

phases by the most scicntfic men, until

at the present time the problem of pre-

serving this liuuid food in a solid form

has been solved, and there are numerous

factories where a product known as pow—

dered milk is being manufactured.



There are four kinds of powdered milk.

One product. is made from cream, one

from whole milk, one from half-skimmed

milk and one from skim—milk. The pro-

duct made from skim—milk is by far the

most important and the trade in this pro-

duct is rapidly increasing. By a secret

process the manufacturers are able to

remove the water from the milk, and the

resulting product is a white powder,

which, when mixed with water makes a

pure and wholesome article of diet. This

powdered milk is used largely by bakers

and confectioners, to whom a pure article

of skim—milk is a daily necessity. It may

be stored in cans or barrels and used as

needed, and the baker or confectioner is

independent of the city milk dealer or de-

layed milk trains.



The use of this by—product is deserving

ofvbeing encouraged, and it may make a

useful DOrtiOn of the every-day diet of a

large number of people. The United

States navy ordered large quantities of

this product. for their trip around the

world, and from present indications a

large foreign demand will be ready to be

supplies as soon as the good food quali-

ties of the new product have become es.»

tablished. .



During the past two years I have writ-

ten a number of articles for this paper in

which I have emphasized the necessity

for economy in production, but after a

close, study of the manufacturing end of

the business I have found that economy

in manufacturing must receive equally as

much attention. That the old—fashioned

creamerics and cheese factories can no

longer compete with the powdered milk

plants and (-ondcusaries is no longer idle

talk, but a commercial. an €Clii’101nic and

an agricultural fact, for the reason that

they cannot realize an increased profit by

the intelligent use of their by-pmducts,



The'question of how to dispose of this

powdered milk without reducing the price

of the (whole) milk is to my mind the

greatest dairy problem of the day. Ear-

nest effort should be made to encourage

this object. “'e should have experts to

study the conditions for the opening up

of foreign trade, and give practical dem-

onstrations to show the various uses to

which this product is adapted.



In baking bread this product adds to

the weight and nutritive value of the loaf

and enough flour may be saved to nearly

pay for the product used and yet make a

loaf of greater weight and possessing

more food value. Practical experiments

show us that milk bread is richer in fatty

matter and markedly superior in albu-

minoids, or flesh-forming constituents,



°due, undoubtedly, to the casein of the

milk being mixed or incorporated with the

fibrin of the flour. Bakers have long

known the value of skim-milk in bread

imaking, yet the difficulty of obtaining a

.«uniform product has been the cause of

their not utilizing it, but with the com-

ing of powdered milk this objection is re-

moved, and now it is possible to keep the





i and it is certain to become an important





.milk for a while, then they may be grad-





 





, ‘s

Ia“

‘





product in barrels in their bakery and at

any time when it is needed all that is

necessary is to add a little pure water

and the white powder does the rest. Used

in this way there is a great future pos-

sibility for the powdered milk industry





factor in determining the value of all

dairy products in the near future. The

condensary plants 'are also an important

factor in utilizing the whole of the milk

to a more profitable advantage than the

creamery and the cheese factory.



Skim-Milk as a Food for Animals.



As a food for domestic animals skim-

milk occupies a conspicuous place among

the various kinds of feed-stuffs, especially

as a food for young and growing animals.

The facts which have been proven by the

various experiment stations are as fol-,

lows:



Skim-milk gives the best returns when

fed to very young animals and when it

constitutes the larger part of their ra~

tion.



it is next best for animals making rap- l

id growth, but which need food otheri

than milk, mainly of a carbonaceOtJSt

nature. l

No class of live stock will give greater,



|





 





returns for skim-milk than poultry of

various kinds. At the New York Experi-

ment Station chickens were grown suc-,

cessfully on a diet composed largely of

skim-milk, although they were allowed a.

run of the fields during the time they;

were being fed this ration. l



It was estimated in this test that after)

allowing from 25 to 50 cents a hundred,l

pounds for the skim-milk and some other’

food in proportion, the cost of producing

one pound of live weight was less than

six cents up to three pounds each. Dur-

ing the time the test was made the skim--

milk was fed sweet, but it has been

found that it is equally as satisfactory

when fed thick and loppered, and the

waste is much less in that form. Many

practical poultrymcn believe that skim-

milk is worth from 50 cents to $1.00 a

hundred when fed to young ducks and

turkeys.



The most rapid gains in pig feeding are

made by dairy farmers who understand

how to feed our dairy by-produets in con—

nection with grain foods. Professor Henry

of \Visconsin, who is without doubt the

highest living authority-on feeding (l0-





THE MlCHlGANgFARMER.’





 





 





mcstic animals, says regarding the value

of skim—milk as a food for swine:



“Skim-milk has a value as a food for

stock that is higher than the mere scrvmg

as a substitute for grain. All of the con-

stituents of milk'are digestible, and this

valuable by-product of the dairy is rich

in blood and bone building constituents."



Experiments have been made in which

milk and other feeds have been fed to

pigs to ascertain the effect of these feeds

upon the bone and muscle of the animals.

it has been found by tests that the bones

were made, stronger by feeding milk.



“’hcn we consider the use of this fond

for blood and bone making we must con—

sider its easy digestibility and that, by

adding a number of other foods to the

ration it makes it more palatable and di—

gestible. “'e must hold skim-milk to :1

high place in the list of available farm

feeds.



A'uthorilies seem to differ on the rela-

tive value of swoet and sour skimmilk as

a food for swine, but my experience con-

vinces me- that either is desirable. but

that sudden changes should be. avoided;

if we would'not injure the digestive sys—i

toms of the animals.



Calves appear to be next as profitable

consumers of skim-milk, and some fccd-

crs think that thcy can feed their skim-

milk to calves and derive more profit

from it than by feeding it to swine. This

depends to a large extent upon the goof:

qualities of the animals that are being

fed.



In feeding calves, one cent’s worth or

a little more, of linseed oil meal will take

the place of butter-fat that is removed

from the milk; besides, when the milk is

fed warm from the separator it is better

for the calves than the milk that is cold‘

and sour. A young animal that is fed on}

skim-milk uithmill feed and grains can:

be made to weigh almost as much at

one year of age as one ,of similar breed-

ing fed on whole milk with the same

kinds of grain.



Calves for veal may be fed on whole





 





ually changed to skim—milk and grain and

fed for a while, and then fitted for mar-

ket by feeding them'whole milk for a

while, to put on a smooth finish and im-

prove their sale. In feeding skim-milk

overfeeding must. be avoided, as calves

are easily made sick.

New York. W. MILTON KELLY..





 





; $





 

 





ARE THE MOST SANITARY



The up-to—date De Laval Cream Separators excel other

separators not only in thoroughness of separation, ease of

running, simplicity and durability—but as well in the important

feature of being the easiest cleaned of all cream separators

and the only cream separator which is thoroughly cleanable

under ordinary every day use conditions.



The modern De Laval separator bowl is completely unas- \

sembled in cleaning and every part is smooth, visible and easily

reachable, without hinge, tube, pocket or crevice anywhere.

The whole bowl is washed thoroughly in a couple of. minutes.



The frame is smooth and free from'rccesses and every part

is as accessible and thoroughly cleanable as the bowl itself.

The gears and bushings are protected from milk or water

reaching them, and there is no slop under or around the machine.



,QUALITY OF CREAM AND BUTTER

DEPENDENT UPON SEPARATOR CLEANLINESS





An unclean separator bowl or filthy separator frame neces-

sarily means a. bacteria infected and inferior quality of cream.

Buyers of farm separator cream and buttermaking authorities

generally are constantly emphasizing this point.



One of the prize winning crcamery, buttermakers at the last

National Dairy Show recently wrote us:



HWe are sorry for the use of so many ‘mail order’

and other inferior separators in our territory. It seems

to be almost impossible to clean them, even though the

farmers do try—and a good many of them don’t even

try. We wish you could do more missionary work to get

those rotten separators out of the country. It is im=

possiblé for any buttermaker to make good butter from

spoiled or tainted cream.”





Any De Laval agent will be glad to take a modern De Laval

machine apart for you so that you can see for yourself its sim-

plicity and sanitarincss of construction and how much more

easily and perfectly it may be cleaned than any other separator.





THE DE LAVAL SEPARATOR 00.





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When writing to advertisers mention The Michigan Farmer.
446 (14) '





DOES IT INJURE COW TO HAVE CALF

NURSE HER FIVE 0R SIX WEEKS?





Does it injure a cow to let a calf run

with her for five or six weeks and then

veal it, or would a heifer make a better

cow if she was milked by hand from the

start? \Vhich will bring the most money,

the veal calf or to make butter and sell

it? \\'ill the calf make as good veal

where fed from the pail as it would if

allowed to run with the cow?



Berricn Co. A. D.



There is no question but what it is in-

jurious to the cow to leave the calf with

her five or six weeks to fatten the calf.

and then kill the calf and milk the cow

by hand. It would be much better for

the cow to leave the calf with her only

just long enough to nurse and get some

of the iirst milk from the cow, say one

day or so, then remove the calf and milk

the cow by hand and feed the milk to the

call it' you want to veal it. The reason is

something like this: If you leave the calf

with the cow five or six weeks the cow

becomes very much attached to it. Now,

she thinks that the sole purpose for which

she gives milk is to Support the calf.

That is natural. “‘lieii you remove the

call" :tt‘trr she has become attached to it,

she rcbtls' and she won't giVe down her

milk. She wants to save the milk for the

offstn-ing, for the calf. and she will not.

give it down to a hand—niilkcr. The con—

sequence is that the cow will not be de—

Vt‘ltillwl as well as she would it‘ the calf

had DEM] removed at once before she. be-

came attached to it. The intelligent milk-

er tries to get on the right side of a

cow at the very beginning, get her coni’i—

dcncc. before she becomes attache-d to lit-r

calf, then she gives down the milk nat-

urally to support her offspring. She docs

not bet-nine accustomed to the nursing of

the calf, and the liund—inilker is readily

substituted in her affection to the natural

offspring.



lly milking the cow and feeding the

calf from a pail you can get almost as

good results as you can to let the ca‘f

nurse. perhaps not quite, but if the calf is

taught to drink and is ft‘tl a good liberal

amount of milk you can fatten him in five

or six weeks so that he will make good

veal.



Nov. as to whether it would priy to veal

a calf or to “Deacon" it depends almost

entirely upon the price of butter-fut and

the ltl‘lt‘t- of veal, and one must figure this

out for himsclf. I'sudlly. however, the

milk is worth as much as the veal, but,

of couise, you have the calf to start with.

his Weight at the time he is dropped 18

a gift, as it were. 1f the uiik that you

gch makes as much veal on this calf as

the butter-fat is worth then you are

ahead. because you have the weight of

the calf at birth Iicsidt-s. (in general

principles. I don't like. to kill a calf be—

cause to me it scems that it is a waste.

that they ought to be saved for food, and

my idea always is to veal them but to

milk the cow by hand and feed them from

the pail.





A HOME-MADE STAVE SILO.





I‘ll-rise. give me some advice on building

a siavt: silo. I have plenty of timber to

get the staves made from and can get

them milled three miles from my farm.

tongued and grooved, to match with a

bevel it' I wish. I can buy the rod iron,

made of stift steel. at to per foot, for the.

hoops. I need no roof as I wish to build

inside the barn, and no anchor. \Vill

have :i ('t'lilent basement four feet in the

ground. 1 keep about 12 head of cattle.

six cows and the rest young stock. Please

suggest a doorway that will not be an in-

fringement on the Harder patent. My

plan was to build a round door with a

beveled edge closing from the inside and

letting the weight of the silage keep the

door in place.



Leelanau Co. SUBSCRIBER.



A few years ago it was a custom of

farmers to build their own stave silos.

llatcr manufacturers hth‘ got to building

these silos, pushing them on the market,

and now days you dont hear very much

of home—made stave silos, but there is no

reason why they cannot ht' made just as

well now as they could a few years ago.

Of course, it'lis much more convenient to

buy a silo already made and ready to

set up. The carpenter will set one up in

a day or two and the whole job is done,

and it relieves the farmer- of a whole lot

of bother, but where one has a mill close

at hand where he can get the staves saw—

ed and tongued and grooved and can get

this work done a little bit out of season

when he is not in so much of a hurry, he

could get the material for a SllO cheaper

perhaps, than he can buy of the manu-

facturer. He can also get the iron for

the hoops and have a blacksmith make

the hoops. He can buy the lugs for these

hoops from any reliable manufacturer.

For instance, in my silo, which is 50 feet

high, I found when I came to fill it that





it wasn’t streng enough to bear the ex-

cessive pressure, and I ordered the lugs

for hoops, had the blacksmith weld the

iron together and cut the thread, and W6

put the hoops on. Now anyone can do

this with a. stave silo just as well. How





much cheaper a home—made silo could be;

built than what one would have to'

pay the manufacturer, is something that“

I could not tell. Really, I don’t know the:





cost of a manufactured silo. ’ It: would all





depend upon what you valued your tim-Z





her at, how much the mill would charge

you, and then there is another thing to

consider, whether, after you got it all

done it would be as good as a manufac-

tured silo. Vt'here the manufacturer has

the right kind of machinery for making

these slaves he undoubtedly can do a lit-

tle better job, but even good silos can be

made from staves without having them

tongued and grooved. Simply take 2x6's





and have them jointed so that they are;





straight, then put them together and put

the hoops 0n and draw them up tight, and





the edges of the 2x6’s will fit into each?

other and make a good serviceable silo;





A farmer must use his own judgment

whether he will make his own stave silo

or buy one ready—made.





So far as the door is concerned, I thinkl





F. \V.’s plan is all right. If I was mak-

ing my own silo I would set the staves





up clear around and put on the hoops and





draw it up tight before I made any doors

at all. Then I would mark out my doors

where I wanted them, leave a couple of





feet between the doors in the staves and.





I would nail one-half inch lumber across

on the outside of these staves to keep

them in place; then, by taking pains in

sawing out the staves for the door so, as





l“. W. Suggests. that the door will be:





larger on the inside than on the out, so

that the door will just fit in from the in-

side and be held in place by the silage,

you will have just as good a job as any-

body. Of course, the continuous door-

way makes it a little nicer about throw-

ing out the ensilage but. this is only a

secondary mattcr. The pieces of staves

that are cut out for the doors can be held

together by cleats nailed crosswise.





A SILO WOULD CERTAINLY HELP.





 





. I would like to get a little information

in regard to a silo. Vt'e have a farm of

200 acres. \Ve keep about 20 head of cat—

tle, 10 cows and the rest young cattle. I

try to put in about 10 to it acres of corn

every year and cut about ‘10 acres of hay,

but find that we do not have enough fod-

dcr to feed our 20 head of cattle and sev-

en head of horses. Now what I would

like to know is. would it pay us to put

up a silo or feed as We have been feeding

and keep less cattle. If I put up a silo

could we raise hogs just the same as we.

do now, as we try to market 25 to 30

every fall. “'e never winter any over,

only our three brood sows. What would

be the best to raise. a little extra corn to

husk and feed or raise- more barley? I

would likc to keep in the hog line, where

We have so many cows.



'l‘uscola (‘0. .T. K.



You will find, just as soon as you build

a silo, that you can keep more stock on

your farm on the same acreage of corn

than you can now. There is no question

about that. I am sure that a. silo will

help you out wonderfully. If you would

plant say half of your corn a little thick-

cr so as to get more tons of roughage to

the acre then you could husk the balance

of it so that you could have some food

for your hogs. I really think there is

nothing like corn to finish off the hogs

You can get along pretty well with a very;

little corn for hogs until you come 10 fin-

ish them, then there is nothing that will

take its place. If you had seven or eight





acres of ensilage corn planted thick it ~





would help you very much on the silage

proposition.





PROVIDE SALT FOR THE COWS.





Make some arrangement so that cows

will have daily access to salt. Either

rock or granular grades will meet the

requirements. If cows are given free ac-

cess to salt they will not take too much

at a time, but if they have been deprived

of it for a period then it is well to allow

them a limited amount before placing a

quantity for their use.





BOOK NOTICES.



“Dairy Farming.” bv Prof. John Mich—

els, S. S. A., M. S.. formerly Professor of

Dairy and Animal Husbandry at the

North Carolina State College of Agricul-

ture. now in the chair of Dairy and Ant-

mal Husbandry in the Milwaukee County

School of Agriculture, Wisconsin. This

is a practical book of 300 pages, taking

up every phase of dairy farming from a

practical standpoint, by a man whose

training has included the management of

large dairy propositions, as well as the

technical training necessary to the appli-

cation of scientific methods in dairying.

Published by the author. Price, $1, may

be ordered through the Michigan Farmer.





 





APRIL 13, * 1912.





3,000 A YEAR





Mr. Chas. Foss, Cedarvillc, Ill, is

g makingthat and more on his 96-acre

. ' " . ‘ . ‘ dairy farm. Mr. W. L. Hunter,

t . ' ' A Raymond, Neb., has had to enlarge

his dairy to meet the great demand for his

cream. N. H. Locke Company, Lockeford,

Cal., gets 8 to 10 cents per gallon above high-

est market price for cream, and won 17 prizes

at State Fair. You can

win like success.





These men, like others making biggest profits.





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There is a w u made that is stronger, more durable“ and m h m





. . dies; as to whether the a kc is at. the top, side or

of lighter ant: any other Thu wagon to bottom of the wheel. it always will; its share of the load.

Built Like . map





Roller Baring:

Entirely of steel l-Beuns. Channels and Angles, solidly held





   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   





 





. . That roller beat-in reduce draft in

to ether with large steelrrvets, putin hot. under great pressure. the various styles, e straight roller

ike the steel railway bridge, It I: " ’ ’ and most niece-sin . .

commuted for hardest lifetime m- For um ”won the all-light roller

vice. Strong and durable. bearing is especially adopt-ed. .

The spindle- and hubs are Might.





enlly conceded. OI

' in the simple“





 





Each front gut and pch'mr gear

is practically one win! piece that Consequentl , u a... man u

mot come loose or apart- equipped with smightroller baring.

M M ‘ . it is of light draft.

. ' ' ' -‘ A little book we'll be planned to

This “analytical- (In! ’ gendfne tellsof-goodmnymom

m andmdemthnennon. Tableau-fl wperiorlutwuthumonhu





Bawouuuuwwammmmo "sacramzmmmaquum-"muuan

“the"l’mua "Mutuafuuinfmion regarding a. dam W mullet Poem No. B5





JOHN DEERE PIDW COMPANY, MOHNE, ILLINOIS





 





 





 





 





 





wvwv'. _W..._,_ v . ‘





meat-«4W...» ”N“... 4 .





“yr
mww. _~\.____ J . ‘





”0......” .L. .. ”Mme. 4,.





. “p;—





 





APRIL 13, 1912.





.5





)





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





(15) 447





 





 





 





 





 





 





Wt$





i'k





3 0-35

Horsepower



Wheel Base-—



112 Inches

Wheels—'——



34 Inches

Denountable



Rims

Speed—



45 Miles



per Hour

Made with



2, 4 and 5



Passenget



Bodies





Reo the Fifth





Is the only car based on 25

years spent in car building.





 





In those 25 years I have

created 24 models, and have

watched their performance with

tens of thousands of owners.





I have also kept in touch,

since the start of this industry,

with all that other men have

done.





Here is the final result—my

‘ finest creation—the best that I

can do.





How I Watch It





Never was a car so watched

in the making as I am watch-

ing this. The prestige of a

lifetime is staked on it.





In this car we insist on utter

exactness, regardless of time.

Parts are ground over and over.



Steel for this car is all ana-

lyzed, so we know its exact

composition. Each car gets a

thousand inspections.





The margin of safety in ev-

ery part is extreme. We old

designers know the need for

“that.



I use roller bearings—Tim-

ken and Hyatt—instead of the

usual ball bearings. In no part

is cost considered.



The carburetor is doubly

heated—with hot air and hot

water—to deal With low-grade

gasoline.





 





 





\\\ -‘nsl ‘





WWW‘L





112





Q.





4%.

. K“ ,, ..





Wm





 





Top and windshield not included in price. We equip this car with mohair top,

gas tank and speedometer—all for $100 extra. Sell-starter.





25-Year C





ar





 





 

   

 

 

   





 





By R. E. Olds, Designer





Unusual Beauty

The car is imme sely impres-

sive. It is lon and roomy.

The wheels ar rge, the car

is over-tired. V\ avoid all the

petty economies.





The body is finished in 17

coats. The lamps are enam-





eled. Even the engine is nickel

trimmed.



There is deep upholstering,

made of genuine leather filled

with hair.



At twice the price no car

could offer more comfort or

more class





The Center Control





No Side Levers





The best new feature of the

year is brought out in Reo the

Fifth.



It is this c e n t e r control,

shaped like a cane handle. All





 





 





the gear shifting is done by

moving this lever less than

three inches in each of four di«

rections.





There are no side levers——

neither inside nor outside the

door. So the entrance in front,

on either side, is clear.





Both brakes are operated by

foot pedals, one of which also

Operates the clutcli.-Never was

a car so simple in operation.





Left Side Drive





These features permit of the

left side drive, as in electric

cars. The driver sits, as he

should sit, close to the cars he

passes and on the up side of

the road.



Yet his gear shifting lever

is at his right hand, and the

brake pedals right before him.



This ideal arrangement is

found today only in Reo the

Fifth.





$1,055 Too Low





The only point which does

not meet my approval is this





Canadian Factory, St. Catharines, Ont.





side curtains and slip cover, windshield,

it wanted. $20 extra.





$1,055





initial price. I believe it too

low to continue.



It is based on the present

low cost for materials, on enor-

mous output, on ideal condi-

tions.



This price I regard as a pass-

ing sensation. It is subject to

instant advance. Under average

conditions, it would be impos-

sible.





But Reo the Fifth will al-

ways sell lower than any other

car in its class. We have a

model factory, modern equip-

ment, enormous capacity. And

we have the experience.





\\'e are not over-capitalized

—have no bonded debt. And

we save about 20 per cent in

the making by confining our

output to only one chassis.



Thus the best car I can build

is being sold at this moment

for $1,055.





1,000 Dealers





,.Reo the Fifth is shown by

dealers in a thousand towns.

\Ve will tell you the nearest

when you write for our book.





This book shows the various

styles of bodies. It pictures

every detail. It enables com-

parison with all other cars. It

is the most popular book of the

season.





Write for it now. Address





Reo Motor Car Co., Lansing, Mich. -





 





E. M. Owen & Co. “miss?

68‘ 1





-:—=;





3:1}
ll





448 (161 .

The Michigan Farmer





ESTABLISHED 1843

THE LAWRENCEPUBLISHING C0.





EDITORS AND PROPRIETORS.

39 to 45 (ongress St. West. Detroit. mchloan.

TILEPEONR Mam 4525.

NEW YORK ()FFICE-—4l Park Row

CHICAGO OFFICE—600 First Nat' 1. Bank Building.

OLEVELAND OFFICE—10114015 0





nveA

GRAND RAPIDS OFFICE—5 dz 6 New awkina Building.





 





 





 





 





M. J LAWRENCE ............................ President

M. L LA“ HFNOE .................... ..Vioe- President

E. H HUUGHTON ......................... ...Sec -Treas

I. R. WATERBUBY” ............1



0. E. HUNG] .............. Anooiate

BU ii'l‘y WER TH ......... Editors.

ALIA LAW SON LITT ELL



E. H. HUIIGHTON .......... .. ...... Business Manager





 





TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION:





Five Years 26 williéwhn $2.75





Three Years, 156 copies, Postpaid . . $2.00



grcgestmszzc‘opiul, Pogtpuldu“ ct:

S 08 ...........................



Cd‘mgildn wines-2:81;: 50221.08 13 your extra for postage.





 





Always send money by draft. postoflice money order,

registered letter or by express. We will not be re-

sponsible for mone sent in letters Address all oom-

munioations to an make all drafts checks and post-

oflioe orders _pa1nble to, the Lawrenoe Publishing 00.





RATES OF ADVERTISING:





40 cents per line agate measurement. or $5. 60 per

inch each insertion, with reasonable discount on

orders amountin to or over. No adv' t inse

for less than $1. per insertion



No l. ttery quaokp doctor or swindling advertise-

ments inserted at an



Entered as second Closer 3 matter at the Detroit, Michi-

gan postoflice.





COPYRIGHT l9l2

by the Lawrence Pub Co All persons are warned

against re] 1inting uni portion of the contents of

this issue 11ith0ut our written permission.





 





 





 





WE GUARANTEE to stop THE

MICHIGAN FARMER Immediately

upon expiration of time subscribed

for, and. we will pay all expenses for

defending any suit, brought against

any subscriber to The Michigan

Farmer by the publisher of any farm

paper which has been sent after the

time ordered has expiied, providing

due notice is sent to us, before suit

is started. _



Avoid further trouble by refusmg

to subscribe ‘for any farm paper

which does not print, in each issue,

a definite guarantee to stop on expira-

tion of subscription.



The Lawrence Publishing 60.,



Detroit, Mich.





77711157112011 APRIL 13, 1912.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





CURRENT COMMENT.

The agricultural

Oleomargarine Legisla- ('11111111illce in c011-

ticn Postponed. gross lust wcck

volcd to posi-

.ponc Iltc onsidiraiiou of all olcouiargdr-

inc h "1 lution until luccmbir. ’l‘hi:: (1110‘:

not menu that the d21in lIIIL‘I'eHIS of

the country have pcrtiuiur-nlly won thcu'





(-onicuthu that thcrc should 11o prohibit-

(11'y buis .11i1111 against thc coloring of

olc-onmrgurzuc in imitation of yollow bui-

ier. 11111 gather that the iuicrcsis which

;.rc St‘rlillvjc’ an amendment in or repeal of

iln- pi'csc'it law fccl that with the na-

tional 111111011 out of lhc ‘1‘\£i_\’ thcy

cun gm through 2111 oleomurgm'ine bill





whirh is more favorable to them than

would be possible under preacni condi-

Iious. and with lhc rclici‘ of pressure

from this, source and with other import-

:1111 busincss pressing, the members of

thc conuniticc arc quitc willing to post—

1111nc ucti-ui on tho measurcs in their

hands.



But if the dairy interests of tlic country





would 1'1‘11iu I)l(li0(lll)l1 from qu‘uir coni-

l‘i‘iiliwn with colored olco. thcy should

lilf'l‘l'l up 1111 activc campaign. As a means

In lhc. Ncsirwl 011d tho proposal of tho-

11lll('1‘l‘~‘. 11' Ibo National Iniiry l'nion to

conduc! 11:1 educlilionul campaign during

tho pr «111'. year is worthy of the Support

and cn—opcraiion of the dairy interests

the country over. In this cutupnign i1 is

proposad 10 kecp “1ch distinct points in

vicw: first, the south: second, labor or—





ganizations, and third, consumers gc'ncr—

ally. rl‘hcre is no doubi that many con-

sumvrs purchase oleo believing that it is

bulicr, cycn undcr Ihc prcscul law_l':>e1l-

01‘s in this product uchrtisc— it cunniugly

und in SllL'll a manner as would lend lhc

customcr to believe that ho is getting

butler. without actually suyihg so. and to

some cxicnt the substitute comcs into

compctiiicn with buttcr as a consequcncc,

to say neihing of the oleo that is colorml

and sold (in butter in dirccl violation of

the law, for which rcpcated arrests 21nd

prosccutions continuc to be made.





It is the unfair competition of oleomar-

guriuc. in which the product is mas-

qucraded as butter to which the dairy in-

terests of the country very properly ob-

ject. So long as the product is sold for

what it really is, and the purchaser buys

it knowing What it is. there is no just

cause for complaint, but there is undoubt-

edly an opportunity for effectch educa-

tional work among a class of consumers





”THE HIGH [BAN “'FAR‘MER





along this line. There is also no doubt

that the only effectiveJneans of restrain-

ing and preventing this unfair competi-

tion, is to continue to prohibit the color~

ing of this substitute prdduct in imita-

tion of yellow butter.





A bill recently passed

General Welfare the lower house of con~

LegisIation. gross providing a pro-

hibitive internal reve-

nue tax on matches made from white

phosphorus. The passage of this bill

recognized a somewhat new principle in

legislation which entitles it to be desig-

nated as public welfare legislation. The

reason for its passage was that those en—

gaged in the manufacture of such

matches are likely to contract a loath-

some disease due to the deadly poison in

the white phosphorus.



During the consideration of this bill

various congressmen discussed in an in-

teresting way the principles involved and

the constitutional right of the govern-

ment to crush out an industry through an

excessive internal revenue tax. The vote

was strongly for the bill and constituted

an cndorsemcnt of the principle that con-

gross has the authority to levy a pro—

hibitive tax as a means of providing for

the general welfare of the people of the

United States, as Well as for the purpose

of producing revenue, thus taking into

account the moral and social effect of a

tax upon the pcople through the taxing

of any commodity.



This principlc has been before recog—

nizcd. but not to the extent of the levy-

ing of a prohibitive tax. The same pri.1~

ciple is recognized to a, degree in the

levying of taxes upon tobacco and liquor,

and also in the tax upon colored oleomar-

gurinc. This new recognition of the

principle may also be construed as a vin-

dication of legislzition to prevent the col-

oring of olcomargarine in imitation of

yellow butter.





A bill has been in-

A Farmers' Credit troduced in congress

Commission. b y lepresentative

Norris, of Nebraska,

providing for the appointment by the

President. of a commission of five mem—

bers, to be known as The Farmcrs’ Na—

tional Co-operative Credit Commission.

l'nder the provisions of the bill it wou‘d

be the duty of this commission to inquire

into and report to congress whether or

not it is practicable and desirable in me

IYnited States to provide by law for the

organization and operation of co-operative

agricultural credit and banking associa—

tions. This is known as H. R. Joint Res-

olution 282.



This movement is doubtless the 0111-

come of the inquiry into the development

of rural co-operative credit associations

in European countries, through thc me—

dium of the International Institute of Ag-

riculture, by the Nebraska Rural Life

Commission, which was recently noted in

ihcsc- columns. It is certainly a move-

ment in the right direction, and the $100,-

000 appropriation which the bill. carries

would be well expended in a thorough

and cxhaustive inquiry into these credit

associations which have been such a suc—

cess ir. forcign countries. and in formu-

lming a plan for the establishment of

similar institutions in this country on a

lusis which would be adapted to Ameri-

can conditions.



'I‘hcrc is no possible doubt that the es-

Iziblishmcnt of an avcnuc for 1110 use of

co-operaich credit by the farmers of this

country would be most beneficial, not-

withstanding the fact that thc need of

such a course has not yet been as keenly

fclt in this country as it was in the for-

cigu countries whcre the system has

grown to such large proportions. It is

true that necessity is the mother of in-

wution and that these rural c0— —eoperativ

(redit associations or banks of European

countries were the result of a degree of

agricultural depression, such {IS this coun-

try has never felt, and the consequent

nccessity of some means by which the

farmers might assist each other in secur-

iug thc additional capital needed to tide

them over until better condfious could be

brought about. Bctter co .itions were

brought about in many of these countries

through the application of the co-opera-

tive principle to production and marketing

agricultural staples and specialties and

as a result the industry became more

prosperous. But why wait for necessity

to force us to adopt a good business

method in the financing of our‘1 business?

Enabling legislation is needed to permit

the organization and operation of rural

credit organizations, and it would be em-

inently fitting and proper for congress to

make inquiry at this time as to the best

basis for such organization. to the end

that our government may keep apace





with the times in fostering agriculture in

this country.





In the report of the re-

The PrOblsm of turns from the various

the Roads. counties where different

phases of the county

road problem were voted upon, it is in-

teresting to note that there was a com-

paratively even division of sentiment up-

on this subject, ,although the proposition

submitted seems to have pfevailed in a

majority of cases from the feports so far

received. In many localltibs where the

proposition of making a small appropria-

tion for the building of a. mile of state

reward gravel road was voted upon, the

proposition failed by small majorities. In

the cities and villages so far heard from

the vote upon the good road question

seems to have generally prevailed by

small majorities.



It would thus appear that the problem

of the roads is still an unsettled one in

most communities, but there should be

a disposition on the part of all to use their

influence toward getting the greatest

amount of benefit from the labor expend-

ed on the earth roads in every locality,

and there is no doubt that 'the greatest

possible returns will result from the use

of the King drag upon earth roads at the

right time. In another column two sim-

ple forms of this implement are illustrat-

ed so plainly that any handy man could

construct one in a few hours, and it is

to be hoped that both townships and in-

dividuals will improve their opynrtunitics

to better the roads throughout the sea—

son by the timely use of such {in imple-

ment.





A LOSS TO AGRICULTURE.



Through the death of Mr. John B. Con-

nor, of Indianapolis, for many years con-

ucctcd Willi the Indiana Farmer, Ameri-

can agriculture has suffered a loss which

will be kcculy foil, particularly within. the

circle of his active influence. He was, a

man coustunlly alert to promote the pub-

lic good; one who had the welfare of his

fcIIownu-n at heart as well as his own;

one who was honest, upright and trust-

worthy iu ull relations of life—withai a

model citizcu and one who has devoted

the best years of his life to the better-

ment of agriculture and those who were

engaged in that calling.





HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.





National.





The city of‘Detroit, during the week of

July 22, will inaugurate :1 Carnival and

\Vutcr Fete known as “Cadillaqua.” It

will celebrate the founding of the city by

Cadillac in the year 1701', and will here—

after be an annual event. Particular at-

tention will be paid to Water sports, and,

already the fastest sailing yachts and





motor boats on the great lakes and other.





i11!11ud waters, have been entered. IVIotor

bouts from Long Island Sound, Marble-

bead and Boston, will also take part in

the speed contests. There will be a canoe

carnival. two individual pageants, and

several elaborate land parades. The lat-

ter will be both industrial and historical,

and will attempt to Show, in a pictorial

way. the romantic history of Detroit, and

its present industrial supremacy.



Buildings wcrc: demolished, cars thrown

fiom theit ttacks, trees uprooted and

many pcoplc injured by a toinado which

struck Middleton 11 N. Y., on Sunday

afleinoon No fatalities resulted.



The first icport of the national high-

way commission, which was made public

this week, advises legislation to protect

waterways against railroad competition,

to establish amicable relations between

railroads and waterways and to promote

federal and statc co-operation in the

matter of the construction of canals. The

commission also recommends a; survey of

21 canal to connect southern Lake Mich-

igan with Lake Erie via the Maumee

route, the canal to be fourteen feet in

depth.



During the week nine states will choose

republican delegates to the national rc~

publican convention. On Monday, Louis—

iuna holds a convention; on Tuesday 111-

iuois' holds primaries and New York a

convention; on \Vednesday, Maine, Vcr-

mont and Kentucky hold conventions; on

Thursday Michigan holds her convention

at Bay City; on Saturday, Pennsylvania

and Nebraska hold primaries. The states

in question will send 220 delegates to the

Chicago convention.



On Monday reports were to the effect

that 2,000 square miles of land were undcr

water, due to the overflow of the Mifisis-

sippi river. Thirty persons are known to

have been drowned and a financial loss

estimated at $10.000,000 by tho govern-

ment engineers, has resulted. On Sunday

the Mississippi broke through levees at

three points. The first was at the 211-ij0

post, which is 16 miles south of Helena,

Arkansas. The second was at Laconla. 60

miles below Helena. and the third was at

Henrico. These breaks are permitting

water to flow over thousands of acres of

rich agricultural land. The crest of the

flood is gradually working southward,

which is slowly relieving the distress

caused along the Ohio. Missouri and the

northern Mississippi districts. It is esti-





mated that 30;000 people have been driven

from their homes by the high water.

Appropriate civil and military honors





will be made to the memory of 113501..





General Philip Kearney of Civil war fame,

upon the removal Of his body from the

family vault in Trinity Churchyard to

Arlington. Washington. The New Jersey

legislature has appropriated $10, 000 for

the erection of a monument at Arlington

in his memory.



The steamship Ontario, en route- from

Baltimore to Boston, caught fire and was

beached a short distance west of Montauk

Point, Long Island. The 32 passengers

aboard were. taken from the burning ves-

sel. The crew, however, remained and

hope to get the fire under control.



Dr. Walker, one of Detroit‘s leading

surgeons, died in that city, of pneumonia

last Friday.-



A cold storage plant at Rockwood.

Mlch., collapsed Monday and is a total

wreck.



Debating teams selected from the Stu-

dent bodies of Olivet, Hope and Alma cal-

legcs will meet this week at the different

institutions.



The cmployes of the D. U. R. have vot—

ed to arbitrate the question of work

hours by referring the matter to an arbi-

tration committee.



Foreign.



Statements made in New York by rep-

resentatives of the revolutionary party of

Mexico for the purpose of informing the

American people of the reason for recent

uprisings, are to the effect that the pres-

ent administration has utterly failed to

fulfill promises made previous to election

and has returned to the methods used

during the Diaz regime. It is declared

that the treasury of the country has been

reduced from $32.000,000 to practically

nothing during Madero‘s term.



It is indicated by the administration in

China that the new Republic will favor

religious toleration.



The Anti-Home Rule party in Belfast ls

planning for a large demonstration this

week in that city. The parade will be

made two days before the Home Rule bill

is brought before the English House of

Commons.



In the ballot taken by the miners of

Great Britain on the question of continu-

ing the strike or accepting the conditions

made possible through the minimum wage

scale act by Parliament, there was a

slight majority favorable for continuing

the strikc, but since it requires a two-

thirds vote for beginning a strike. the

leaders decided that a like vote would be

necessary for continuing it, and lacking

it they issued a call declaring the strike

off and men are already returning to

work in a number of different districts.





MICHIGAN CROP REPORT.





 





“heat—The condition of wheat on

April 1 in the state was 84. in the, south-

ern counties 79, in the central counties 88.

in the northern counties 90 and in the up—

per peninsula 94.



The condition one year ago, in the

state was 87, in the southern counties

88, in be central counties 84 in the

northern counties 88, and in the upper

peninsula 96.



The average depth of snow on March

15 in the state was 9.58. in the southern

cOuntics 8.75, in the central counties 8.45,

in the northern counties 12.21, and in the

upper peninsula 11.81 inches.



On March 3] the average depth of snow

in the state was 2.13, in the southern

counties 1.05, in the central counties 1.115,

in the northern counties 3.77 and in the

upper peninsula 5.54 inches.



The number of days protection to wheat

by snow in the state was 24, in the

southern and central counties 23, in the

northern counties 25 and in the upper

peninsula 27.



In answer to the question, “Has wheat

during March suffered injury from any

cause?” 112 correspondents in the south-

crn counties answered “yes" and 162

“no,” in the central counties 37 answered

“yes" and 101 “no,” in the northern coun—

ties 27 answered “yes" and 87 “no" and

in the upper peninsula 3 answered “yes”

and 27 "no.” The average condition of

wheat in the state, on April 1, for the

past five years is 84 per cent and the av-

cragc yield per acre for the same period





.is 17 bushels. The total number of bush—





els of wheat marketed by farmers in

March at 92 flouring mills is 172.080 and

at 110 elevators and to grain dealers 228.-

272 or a total of 400,352 bushels. Of this

amount 313,418 bushels were marketed in

the southern four tiers of counties, 71,718

in the central counties and 15,216 in the

northern counties and upper peninsula.

The estimated total number of bushels of

wheat marketed in the eight months.

August—March, is 10,750,000 and the

amount 0f wheat, yet remaining in the

possession of growers, after deducting 2,~

000,000 bushels uscd for seed and home

consumption is 1,428,000 bu. Sixty-six

mills, elevators and grain dealers report

no wheat marketed in March



Rye—The average condition of rye in

the stoic is 89,411 the southern counties

86. in the central counties 90, in the

northern counties 92 and in the upper

peninsula 94.



clue year ago the condition was 90 in

the state and northern counties, 91 in

the southern counties, 88 in the central

counties and 97 in the upper peninsula.



Meadows—The average condition of

meadows in the state is 87, in the south-

ern counties 83, in the central counties

91, in the northern counties 93 and in the

upper peninsula 94.



'lhe condition one year ago in the state

was 86, in the southern counties 83 in

the central and northern counties 88 and

in the upper peninsula 95.



Live Stock ~The average condition of

horses in the state is 94, cattle 91, sheep

92 and swine 93.



Fruit. —-Fruit correspondents generally,

w1~ite”Late spring, consequently too early

to intelligently report condition of fruit

or prospect of the coming crop.’



Peach growers are m05tly of the opin-

ion that the unusually cold winter has

destroyed the peach buds quite severely.



The following table shows the prospect





 





1'“ $1211.11. .1





v1 "‘
o~v§7¢.—<~ ah m unn-





.. --|





 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 





. School Shoes '

are strong. sturdy “

and lasting—they -, ,

“vi/ear like iron."give hill

twicetlie wearol other ‘

shoes and cost no more.

. The school shoes with



double leather toes—hard





 

   





 





 

 

 





 

 





 

 

 





«, made of extra tough. wear- ’

,‘ resisting leather.





   





 





.,





for an average crop of the various kinds

of fruit in the different sections, of the

state:

Sou. Cent. Nor. Up.

Slate-800038 Co.’s Co.’s Pen.

1





Apples ....... 75) 88 89

l’ears ....... 71 70 6'.) 74 2

Peaches ..... 32 20 32 42 ..

Plums ....... 65 62 65 71 94

Cherries ..... 73 68 7 84 94





Small fruit . 81 77 84 84



In regard to the question, “What per

cent of orchards are being sprayed ‘3" cor-

respondents report 37 in the state, 40 in

the southern counties, 28 in the central

counties. 36 in the northern counties and

33 in the upper peninsula.



CROP AND MARKET NOTES.



Eaton 00.. April {Ln’SIIOW is fast dis—

appearing uuder the warm rays of the

sun. Very little rain yet, hence the frost

is coming out slowly and the big drifts of

snow adorn the roadsides. Fine sugar

weather, and a large amount of sugar

and syrup is being made. Prices good on

most things the farmer has to sell. At

auctions the last week in March loose hay

sold as high as $29 per ton. As predicted

last summer, the high price offered by

dealers soon after haying tempted farm-

ers to sell more than they should, and

now they must buy at a big advanceThe





 





 

 





QMW‘J





ammo





HONORBCLT,

SCHOOL \

W SHOES?





I Are dresoy. fit perfec‘tl and are com~

' Iortable. All sizes surfs'lyles.





( 1'. MINING -Lookfor MayerTradeMarlron sole-

if your dealer cannot supply you write to us.





’ We make Mayer Honor-bill Shoe: for men.

/ women and children. including "Leading

‘ ' Lady " and “Special Merit" brands;

also " Yer-ma Cushion "and "Martha

Washington ” Comfort Shoes.

cr—Send name of dealer Who

Egg?!“ handle Mayer Honorbilt ~'

SchoolShoee—we willsend you free \

a handsome picture of George

or Martha. Washington

else 15x20.





Z7





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M. W





   

   

   

 





 





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Look for Trade

lurk on the solo





 





2V2 H. P.8taiionary

Engine—Complete





 

 





Gives. ample power for all farm

uses. Only three moving parts—

no cams. no gears. no valves— .

can‘t get out of order. Perfect ..

vernor—ideal ooolin system. ‘-

ses kerosene (coal 0 l). gaso- '

line. alcohol. distillate or as.

Sold on 15 days' trial. Y0 R

MONEY BACIC IF YOU .

ARE NOT SATISFIED. . .,

6-year ironclad guarantee. Sizes

2% to 20 II. P.. at proportionate

prices, in stock, ready to ship

Postalbrings fullparticulars free. -

Write for proposition on first an- .H

g-iue in your locality. (118) l...» 16





Detroit Motor Car Supply 00.,





GENtBio moms





   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





.‘a-. “mug, m \\\\\,





 





 

 

 





 

   





The only \

sign”; all?“ Brandl'a patented Automatic

r3520). y Razor Stropper Automatically puts ‘

din onall a perfect. edge on any razor. old style or

(. E to {1' safety. Big seller. Every man wants one.

“131;; lift! Write quick for terms. price; and territory





G. G. Brandt Cutlery Co. .42Iiudson St,N.Y.





THERE’S A BIG SAVING





ln Making Your Own Cement

Drain Tile and Building Blocks





We furnish Machines and instructions.

Prices reasonable—Machines Practical.

Write for catalog.





Wm; Cobb Foundry, Jackson, Mich.





Young married couple to work small

walllfll 3* once farm: new house, cow, chickens. Kar-

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will pay fair salary. References required. Address

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Patents that PROTECT





For Facts about Prizes. Rewards, etc. .send 80 stamp for

our new 128 page book of intense interest to Inventors'





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DOUBLE THE YIELD of your potatoes by planting

northern mwn seed. bred up by hill selection.

Prices masons le. Circular free. B. l-‘ollett. ll-le. Kiel:





REEL—Send full address of three flower buyers.

and ten cents for postage and acking. and get: a

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anuetorty cents. o.“ iogue free. A. D. noo'r,

Geranium Specialist, ooster. Ohio. U. S. A.





   

 





 





,following are local prices for produce;

,BQIlllS. $2.17»; wheat, 91(tv93c; rye, UOC;

tcorn, 6:30; oats, 50c; butter, 25c; eggs!

‘tb‘c. potatoes, $1; hogs. $5.50di‘7.50; calves,

i$3Qb7; cattle, $3@6; lambs, $850316; wool,

118(g20c; clover seed $12@l3.50. The, goodf

jroads proposition carried at the election,:

:in the townships by 266 and in the cit—1

;ies by 1,077. l

l Newaygo 00., April Ii.—Fine weather,

,with the snow all gone. The frost is

mostly all out of the ground. \Vith the

continued warm weather, the farmers cant

go to plowing in a week. It begins to

look like we would have curly pasture as,

the grass is greening up fast. Feed is

scarce and high in price. Lots of auto-f

tiou sales and farms changing hands at

good prices. Fall grain and clover is,

looking god. Seed potatoes will be out of

sight in price- on account of so many

treezing in the pits and cellars. Potatoes

are bringing $1.20; wheat, 85@880; oats?

53c; corn, 70c; rye, 75c; eggs, 17c; butte'fl

28c; fpwls, 10c: clover seed, $10; buy, $20:‘

clover hay, $16; butter—fat, 290. E

Sanilac 00., April 5.—Weather indica-

tions point toward spring. Today makes

three days of weather that will certainly

start the ice breaking and moving in‘

Lake Huron and the ice conditions af—l,

fects weather conditions materially. The:

frost is going out with great‘t'aiiidity.l

Clay roads are almost impassable. Notl

much good weather for making maple}

sugar. About the usual acreage of beans,

will be planted this season. Many silos:

are being erected each year. \\'ages arel

ranging from $30 to $35 per month foi'i

the coming summer. Considerable hayl

still in the farmer’s hands. inability to!

get cars the greatest difficulty; price hasl

soared to $20 per ton. Potatoes are beingl

sought for at $1 per bushel and appar-

ently not enough to go around. Timothy

seed, $7.50 per bu; beans, $2.20; eggs, 200;

butter—fat, 290. ~

Emmet 00., April 1.—Light snow fell

for March, with considerable more sun-

shine than usual. Farmers are now us-

ing wagons for teaming, though there is,

still a large amount of snow in the roads. 3

W'inter grains and grass seeding have‘

been well protected during the Winter}

Snow going slowly; no spring showers asl

yet. Feed getting scarce with farmers.‘





 





 





 





Livingston CO., April 1.—The severe

weather of the past four months has at

last changed and it begins to act a little

like spring, but it will take several days

of warm weather to get the soil in con—

dition to work, as the frost is very deep;

probably no plowing will be done for two

weeks at best, which will make- oat sow-

Iing very late. The late spring will be

, hard on horses for when work finally be-

{gins it will have to go with a rush, as





 





 





practically no work has been done as yet.

Feed of all kinds scarce and almost pr»)-

liibitive in price. Hay bringing over $20

per ton, loose. Prices for live stock lllth‘

advanced materially, but not very much

on feed. It is a little early to predict

the condition of wheat and clover.



Northern Isabella and Southern Clare

Co.’s., March 25.2The weather is mod—

erating after a severe winter; neither

sleighing nor wheeling but lots of snow

‘banks. Not much work being done! ex—

,cept the chores. Winter Wheat looks|

poor whcre the snow is off. llay is very‘

scarce and high; lots of potatoes frozen;

selling for $1 per bu. ()ats sold at auc-

t10n as high as 71c per bu; cows at $50;

market eggs, 16c; butter, 25c.



Washtenaw 60., March 26.~--Farmcrs are

becoming impatient over the continued

cold weather. which will make, if it con-

tinues much longer, a short and hurried

season for accomplishing the spring work,

making it especially bad for the oat crop

whichn under the most favorable condi-

tions is certain to be later than usual.

Feed is becoming increasingly scarce—~

hay being almost prohibitive in price. A

good deal of colds and distemper among

horses, fatal in some cases. Stock thin—

ner in flesh than usual. Few dairy cows

more than barely paying out for food con-

sumed. Very little grain hauled to market

as the home demand takes' most of it.

yVheat should make another good crop as

it _is still covered with snow. Everything

bringing a good price. '



Ohio.



Carroll 60., March 3l.—VVe have had

plenty of rain and bad Weather. 'The

ground is so full of water that very little

‘has been done in the fields as vet. Last

year the farmers had lots of plowing

done by this time. Horses are scarce and

high in price this spring. All kind of

feed. is scarce among the farmers al-

ready. Eggs. 180; butter, 260; potatoes

$1.70; oats, 55c; corn, 75c; wheat, $1.10:





 





 





No. 1 timothy, $20 per ton.





 





THE MITL’HIGAN 'FARMER. (17) ~449





N0





{ 1





YOU CAN DRAIN

YOUR [AND





   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





0U know drainage is the most

valuable improvement you

could make to your farm.

but you have not felt like

tiling before because it meant too

heavy an investment—two much labor

—too slow a job. Now~—the horse

power C yrlom: Tile Ditching [liar/21m:

cuts the average cost of a finished tile

ditch down to 3 or 4 cents per rod—ditch

cut—tile laid and covered.





We guarantee this successful horse

power machine cuts tile ditch, l 0 inches

wide, 24 inches deep, at the rate of 300

rods per day in ordinary soil.





In our valuable free book. showing The

Money Making Way of Draining Land. C. G. Elliott, Drainage Expert of U. S. Dept. of

Agriculture, shows how with good drainage:~"Land is ready for seeding earlier. Crops

begin healthy growth at once. Fertilizers are not wasted by surface washing. Crops

are better able to withstand drought. Frost does less injury to crops. Crops make

much more vigorous growth. Profits from land are greatly increased. Disease among *

_ farm animals is decreased.” The





Cyclone Tile Ditching Machine





pays for itself over hand labor in tiling the first 20 to 40 acres. according to spacing

of laterals—the added returns from the land, year after year are clear profit.





\Vhen you have finished your own ditching with a Cyclone. you am ”ml-c money by cut-

ting tile ditches for_ others. You can earn more money will) a Cyclone Bile/Ling lilac/1mg

than with a threshing outfit which costs about ten times as much.





Get the facts and see how much a Cyclone will bring you in actual cash in a year.

. Our book lays the whole matter before you. If the

-\ Cyclone will doubleyour farm profits you want to know

it. No experience needed

‘ to operate this wonderful

machine but we will see

. that some onegoes to your

.‘ farm to make sure that the

‘ g H, machine is set up properly

5. and that; you get the right

. start. You (lonot: pay one cent

until we demonstrate and

. prove to you that the Cyclone

does every single thing we

claim for It. \Vrite a postal

. ' now before you forget. Ask for

9 free bookletshowing,Tlie Money

Making Way of Draining Land. It gives actual photographs of the Cyclone

at work,aiid names of satisfied users Also valuahloinformution on

scientific, money-making drainage. Send that postal now.





The leschke' Manufacturing 00.. Box 111. Bellevue. Ohio





 





 

 





 





 





The Book That Met a Quick .





Universal Demand





That the highest grade saw and tool equipment is considered

one of the live factors in modern farm efficiency is proven

by the flood of requests for this book, “Disston Saws and

‘ Tools for the Farm,” which has already necessitated a





 

 





second large edition.

This free book tells about the great variety of





DISSTON





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They possess a world-wide reputation for efficiency and depend-

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Send for the “DISSTON FARM TOOL BOOK " today-

a postal will bring it.





Sold by ‘ Hertz Sgtston

all





 

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

   

   

 

   

 





 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 





 

   

 

 

 





Incorporated





   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Prozressive Keystone §aw, Tool

Hardware Ste“ 8! File Works

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Dealers P, .1 i “put Pm





 





 





 





 





 





 





One Man Stump Puller





Why wasn’t it thought of before? The ratchet principle for stump



pulling. As one man with a jack can raise a building of a



\‘. thousand tons, so with a One Man Stump Puller, you can



fill; yank out all those dreary stumps in a jiffy, making land hand-

, l’ ’





 

 





somer, richer, and worth $25.00 to $50.00 more an acre.





\ One Man Stump Puller is cheapest good puller made,

»' and operates much cheaper, quicker, safer and

handler than horse pullers or dynamite. One farmer pulled

42 stumps in half day. Another with two helpers pulls an acre a day. Also

an absolutely necessary fartn tool for pulling posts. pulling stalled teams.

movmg sheds. barns, heavy machinery, logging, etc. \Veight 85 lbs. A

tool that surely helps make a happier, finer. cleaner, more prosperous

farm Costs no more than afew garden tools.





$25 we Pay Freight Sand $25 now for a One Man Stump Puller-guaranteed





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When writing to advertisers mention The Michigan Farmer.
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450 <18)

Motor Self-Starting





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_  Big Value in a Big Car





' An Auto Your Wife Can Run





Your wife can manage this big, powerful car with the

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The Case “Eagle” Stands for Quality.





This emblem on an automobile has the same signifi-

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It took 18 years to perfect the mighty engine which

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36x4-in. tires—114m clearance— shield—IZ—in. acetylene gas head

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Send Coupon for Case Catalog





Write for catalog and prices on the full line of Case Cars, in-

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without fail.





11





THE 'MICITTHGAISI FARMER.





i '1‘

EPOULTRY‘“ BEES ‘.





 





 





 





‘ .i. 1. CASE T. M. CO. Inc- ”if Racine’Wis'





Please send me at once your latest catalog describing





“The Car With the Famous Engine”





NAMF





 





TOWN .—





 





R. F. D. STATE





 





 





 





 





 





 





PROVIDING GREEN STUFF FOR THE

POULTRY.





One of the principal elements entering

into egg production is a sufficient vege-

table ration, and where flocks are wholly

or even partially confined it is sometimes

a problem to provide the necessary green

food. Sprouted grain is conceded to be





I don’t suppose it is original; there is lit-

tle that is. However, I suggest that poul-

try growers try it out.





 





of course, upon'the condition of growth.





sow and harrow in more oats. In this

way a constant supply of green food will

be furnished, even though a dry season,

as the repeated sowings and harrowings

lwill keep the soil moist. This plan also

furnishes needed exercise fer the ilock,

for it is just as necessary that a hen

scratch as that an athlete train to keep

in condition. If she doesn‘t she will get





ifat and become useless.





Owners of farm fiocks that are given





Il‘ree range will say that this does not ap-





lply to them so long as grass is abundant.

1This is not always true, as grass, at some

time during the season, becomes dry and

,tough and the fowls do not care for it.

11f this is not true why do they always

work on newly planted plats or fields? In

the case of a field of fall-sown wheat we

all know that they will keep a large area

ipicked off if given the opportunity. Such

is their “hankering" for green stuff that

lthey will keep field beans cropped close,

‘all of which demonstrates their desires

very plainly, and the necessity for sup-

plying that want I cannot make too





strong.





 





 





 





 





High. roomy nurse . Spacious m chamber.





to ,i'o oohmelaimu. r1

5‘ “g H pr Cold-rolledmpperhoiwaleriank.





   

   

   





. Automatic heal regulator. Ioryunlitivpihormomelor

=l' Incuba- Hot water heating system. iiollahio non-breakable lamp. Vlltio dead III' spoon. iv

'. Brooder has safety lamp—can't explode or break. Itis roomy. cozy.





 





 





 





l . it)? “one free from drafts. easy to clean. every part quickly reachable. Order

."’ $1 35 both incubator 3qu brooder direct from this advertisement. We guar-

' antce satisfaction or you get all your money back uxck. Brand new



oultry book free. Act now on this be '

II'HE NATIONAL INCUBATDI 00..1$52





   





Order Now Igilinéiroot. Racine. Wisconsin





 





,“falls down" and finally concludes that it

'doesn’t pay to keep a large flock; it sure—

:iy doesn’t under the same policy of neg—

ilect that is followed with the smaller

:liock. But the size of flock that can be

,kept on the average farm under intelli—

igent handling, and the percentage of

iprofit it will return, are far greater than





 





BEE SUPPLIES ANII BERRY BASKETS





lice hives, Sections, Foundation. Smokers etc. Send for (Si-page

‘atalog of bee supplies, BERRY BASKETS and CRATES.

loud for special Berry Basket catalog.



M. H. HUNT a. SON, 400 Gondlt 51., LANSING, MICH.





125 Egg lncubator§lo





     





 





 

 

 

 





BOTH

. ,. and Broader m.

', I]: ll ordorod together. _

‘=--' mm

9‘ Freight paid east of W'Zaerfi

Rockies. Hotwater, “" ‘

copper tanks, double

. walls, double glass

doors. Free catalog .

. describes } them. Send for it. today. .-

WIsconsln Incubator 00., :‘-

Box 126 Racine. Wis.





   

 

 

 





 





 





lion lasts. Address today. "





 





vol. 200 pages. Worth “’8 WOM in

cold to every Poultry grower; treats





I'I

Cornlna Eu Fannjouml Brook. ILJ.





‘farmers as a class appreciate.

Isabella Co. \\'M. .I. COOPER.





POULTRY RAISING.





 





 





 





' ' Standard-bred Rouen, Pekin and



, . 016 Indian Runner Ducks; Bun, White,

Golden, Silver, Columbian and Part.



ridge Wyandottes; Barred and Buff Rocks: Reds;



' .50 single bird; $6 trios; Toulouse Geese, $4 each.

atalou tree. Geo. F. Hartman. Box 280, Freeport,lll.





Send 4 cents for lar 6 Poultry Book.

cubator Catalog an Price List. H.

HINIKER. Box 55 Mankato. Minn.





 





poultry farms throughout the country.





-. P I) «10111 R , .

55 BBEEDS glitches. Geog); Naturally, we came to believe that a small

Turke s. also In-





cubators. Supplies. and llle Dogs.

11.

H.





fortune was the almost inevitable reward

of such a seemingly easy venture.





 





one of the best egg promoters” in the‘

list, and this fact has given me an idea.





Sow the area to which you confine the

poultry, or a portion of it at least, to

oats as early as the grain will sprout

nicely, putting the seed on liberally. After

harrowing it in. let the hens scratch at

will; they will not get it all before it has

sprouted. A few days later, depending,





I know that many farmers will scoff

and assert that they have raised chickens

all their lives: without going to all this

trouble. 1 would ask them, how many





 





chickens, and what their egg yield? It

is easy to keep a few fowls around a

place and get a very good average return,

as there is always enough for a few..But

with a largefiock it is another thing.





[BUYS NATIONAL INCUBATIIII AND BIilIIIIiEIlsmght here the averaeg poultry keeper





35 . . rood _ . D 't

$1.35 Incubator and ’4 W B e” “r ’9 3‘ °” my “m” :25 click Brood»





ANTICIPATION VS. REALIZATION IN





The article entitled “Turning Over a





$40000 FROM EGGS; ' . - . 7-

Hko VII made it. How you can. New ,Leat: 1“ Balm P0111“? Manage

The Coming in Farmlook(byCom. ment, ’ which appeared early in the. pres-





ing himself) beautifully bounddllue ent year, impels me to givo the readers

of this journal the experience of myself

of steeds, Selection. Carc.Feeding. and wife in raising poultry on quite a

233332.032.33.2"25123‘2. 5:32:11: large scale here in Michigan. We had

thisisthcpriccbymailwhilethecdi- been close readers of SOverall poultry

T 0 journals and had noted with much inter-

est the repOrted successes of hundreds of





We became enthusiastic over the idea





APRIL 13.1912.





from the fact that it did not require much

capital, a consideration which especially

appealed to us just at that time. As Mrs.

\\'. is of the energetic type, and anxious

to do all she could to help pay for the

farm, she figured that she and the chil—

dren could carry on the work with what

necessary assistance I might give as oc-

casion demanded.



\Ve first invested in a 160-egg incubator,

quite late in the season, and brought off

two very successful hatches. In the fall

I enlarged the hevnhouse, giving 700 sq-

ft. of floor space, which seemed ample.

The next spring we bought another in-

cubator, a 400—egg machine, which proved

a success all around. That season we

raised several hundred fine chicks and

the business seemed to be coming our

way.



The next step was to build a spacious

brooder house, 18X60 ft., which I did that

same fall. The following spring we in-

vested in another 400-egg machine and

were 'now prepared to hatch chickens.

Mrs. \V., by careful. study and close at—

tention, became an expert with 'the in—

cubators and could hatch them faster than

I could build the brooders. This season

we had at one time over 1,500 chicks but

(lid net saVC over 700 or 800 of them.

This, however, was our banner year and

we sold over $600 worth of eggs and

poultry.



I built another poultry house, which

made in all about 4,000 sq. ft. of floor

space for poultry, but from this on every-

thing seemed to go against us. In spite

of our best efforts. we had poor results.

Our greatest diliiculty seemed to be lll

making the chicks live. after they were

10 to 20 days old. They died by hundreds

and hundreds in spite of all we could do.

This naturally discouraged us, and in an-

other year we. were out of the poultry

business. on a big scale. to stay out. I

used the poultry houses for other pur-

poses, and we were content to raise a

small number of chickens each year.





Our failure can be attributed to the

“bowel trouble” which has caused thou-

sands Of others to quit the business. The

idea of hatching chickens by artificial

means is all right, but making them live

in brooders is, in my opinion, all wrong

and practically impossible. The trouble

is they do not get proper exercise. When





 





Silver Laced Wyandottes and'a Few MongreIs—An illustration of how a Few of the

Latter Detract from the Appearance of a Pure-Bred Flock.





reared with hens they are on the move

most of the time, and I belieVe that the

best way is to let hens raise them after

they have been batched in incubators. We

still have one of our large machines and

when we. fill it with eggs we also set a

dozen or 15 hens. When the chicks come

from the machine,- they are given to the

hens, as a hr-n will manage 25 to 30

chicks without difficulty and will raise

most of them. “'0 are having excellent

success through the use of this moth-val.



The trouble in raising poultry on a large

scale is that the yards soon become in—

fested with vermin, and when disease ap—

pears it is hard to stamp it out or even to

control it. I think that the system of

having colony houses. and thus dividing

the stock into small flocks well scattered

over a large space, would work better.

The only reason we did not lose a lot of

money in our venture is that we got

along very cheaply. I constructed all of

the houses and, as most of the material

came from the farm, the expenditure of

cash was small.



Having had this experience I feel that

I can confidently advise those contem—

plating such a venture to goa little slow.

Anticipation, nine times out of ten, is

greater than realization in the poultry

business. no matter whether results are

attributed to luck or to good management.

It pays well to have a good-sized flock

of fowls on any farm, but it does not pay
Flltln’i Waste II





‘NIASTE WHAT? M o n ey



. enough to pay your thresh

bill. How? By employing the

ordinary, indifferent thresher to

do your threshing.



Get the RED RIVER SPE-

CIALbecause it Beats the Grain

Out. All others depend upon

the grain dropping out while

the straw' 15 being rapidly drawn

through the machine.



The RED RIVER SPECIAL beats

it out just as you would do by hand

with a pitchiork.



There is no other way to get it all.



The RED RIVER SPECIAL is the

only thresher built which beat: it out.



Too many machines put too much

of your grain in the straw pile.



You can save it and use it to pay

your thresh bill.





Hire a Red River

Special





Write us for the proof.





Nichols & Shepard Go.





Battle Creek, Mich.



Sole Builders of the Red River 8 l

Ling—Red River Special 'l‘hreshers,1‘rac-

tion Steam Engines and OIL-G ASTractors,

Self Feeders, Straw Stackers, etc.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Mil-Egg Incubator





Donbiecasesalloveié; ,bestcopper



nursery sei - ulatln .

Beatwi-chlck ho’t—waterregbroodeg,

8448!. Both ordered together

$11.50. Freight d (I of





1 No machine;

' at any price





rebetter. nun-cu .

:nhod. Write for book ”m r. . ~

orsendpricenowandsavetime. 1' J





magma-nu. Batu Mm“

CHOICE 8. 0.11. 0IIP|IIIIIOII8E°§§k°§F€§r “113131;





15th. 82 per 15. Otis Greenman. R. .Bellevue. Mich.

Flock of38. avers eflbeach

Indian Runner Duck WEEegs}; 1.. 1911. 111...: “mm.





order. Also gh orns. Pricefor eachSlpor

13; $3 per 50:558ber100 VV.1n P..Booth R. 3. Orland Ind.





BLaUES‘Z IELLI BARIID ROCK pullets and hens $1. $1. 50

38.31 $2 d1 $311 1settinfi. Send orders for

baby dchicke. gsLAKE RIDGE FARE Levering, Mich





~Males and females prices right. Great

83"er Rocks layin strain. prize winners, 15 eggs

$1.50. W. C. COFFMA ,.R No. 6. Benton Harbor. Mir





EGG -—Prize Winner Stock—S. 0. But! J: White

Orplngtons.J15 for 83: Pekin Ducks and Pearl

Guineas 11 for 81. EBACON Boyne City. Mich.





 

   





 





 





EGGS—Light“ Brahma.Be Barred Rock. and White Wyan.

dotte 3.8150 for two settings

BBI “1186:8680ute 3113. Lake Odessa Mich.





F0: sale—8W 0. Bull s0.1’§)in.1§ton Eggs. Ali‘figg





last fall cockerels. not full grown. Wei t about6

lbs. H. B. AT WOOD. Laingsburg M chigan.





- I (ll R —

LIVIIIB EGG IMGHIIIES 1:2,? fih:%:€%%n€fo??l%gr

$351313111°f€1i€$¥$§n .eii‘. ‘ “ ”1.3152113135111112:





AMMO'IH “'hite Pekin Ducks and S.

1‘ dotte cock“ Is for sale. priocelSZ also eggs for hatch-

ing $1. H. A. Roberts 1 ,Birmingham. Mich.





' ° ‘ Barred Rocks. H. 1. Beds. Mam-

P112? Winning gathgekm axtrd‘IYtlhutnn‘gr ducll‘ifi.

St -k orsa. e. parse 1 y per

m‘i‘woon 11.11111 . R. 11. o 13 Grand Rapids. Mich.





3311113211111 S. C. WHITE LEGIGRNS.





F. f hetehi r815$3 1501511131100.

1.881.. duo. E. M 'xonpe n. 27, figckiord. Mich.





L. Wxan-





 





 





 





, l'I'I Buflh & White 0 1 ns Build: aWhite m

a: Le orns. B it bite Rocks. R. I. C.

a: 1193: and Black Minorcas. Circular (D

to ready. H.H. KIN “Willis Michigan. Lu





 





ll. 0. 88. G. RHODE ISLAND REDS-Eggs]:

and cokkerels. BUELL BROS” Ann Arbor lich.

R C. B. Longhorns‘fi,“"’.gf,§i“ni ”‘53”

34.300. nus. EM MASON 00111911116. M'ic‘h.





LILLIE FARHSTEAD . POULTRY





P. R k.R. I. Beds. and 8.0. W. Lehorn e

13.11.13“. 1:128:01» :1.ao:5oro1- 1-.{91 3"

00 OLON O. L1LLIE.CoooerIvl lo. Mich.





Mammoth Pekin D in

LC 3" legllorlls won at Detroit 1911. [11130 .

51 per setting. AUDIA BETTS. Hilledale. M10?





8. 0. While lcghorn Cockorols Etna? “3‘“1‘115‘1’3“

Good vigorous fowls 31. 50- t9

G EORGE E. LAPHAn





Rt. No. 3. St. Johns. Mich



Eggs and hub h k



S. C. Bu" “I'Dlllflmlgo II; reasonabley crilrfess

Write for price list. ’1‘- D NBAD Grab ll . Ind.

TANDARD Bred R. 1. Beds. Rose 12 Single Combs.





30 e 81.50. Wondergll layers. Red Turkey

1111111118320”. W. FR E- NOB. Ludington. Mich





WIII'I‘E WYANDGT'I‘E EGGS 5.2}? "”1311? 3%:





B.'O. Wh't O i allot the best S3f 15.

.1. 6.98T353F1‘fi" ‘11 “.11~11)1.111~1.11.or





 





1 o 1 d I di

White 30011, GBngfigk ggsnfiigrfiiim 13103:





Circular free. URT. BoxB ”Oakwood Ohio





IIIIIIE VIIIIIIIIIIIES 131" ”U”, QB’ZEIEIGEJEIO





1%“;an

p.er15 MRS. JESSE J. PB Sliverwood Mi.ch





O. H. I. R eggs. $5. $2 and 81h Penciled Indian

.Runner Duck egsg ure white efi strain, :1

for13 CO OYG. BRUM Nashville. ichigan





Single Comb Black Minorcas.





. W. MILLS. Saline. Mich.





SINGLE COMB BROWN LBGIOIINS.





Six nkd exhibition mati two utility pens. Eggs

m $1- for catalfie. My motto—a satin ed

customer. lee Buif. Box M. F.. St. Clair. Mich.





HEATER. GgLDtEN oiNDuWHITEdeANDBTgEe

, no one

circular free. 00. 0W9. DGB’BW G. Portland. Mich





HITE Validation—The be: um and ne-

W 1111 of Anal mama‘s a 1:1- mz circular

A FRANKLIN 8 B. 1‘. DJ. Hmmr. lob.





 





.55 111.}: Be? ¥





‘lost to the owner





‘ chief.





 





 

 

 





to give‘ attention to exaggerated accounts



that often come to one's notice and then



go to extremes in trying to grow poultry



on a big scale, since one can easily sink



much hard-earned money by so doing.

Washtenaw Co. B. F. WASHBURNE.



USING ASHES IN THE POULTRY



HOUSE.





 





Only a few days since, in perusing one

of our farm papers, I came across a bit

of advice which I think very misleading

and, if followed, would do untold mis-

A poultryman, in telling how he

keeps his poultry house free from lice.

says that every time he goes to feed his

fowls he carries a pail of ashes with him

and scatters them about until the air is

filled with the dust and the floor is thor-

oughly covered. He declares that in con-

sequence his fowls have always been free

from lice.



Now, in a study of agricultural chem-

istry we learn that the worst possible USe

that can be made of woOd ashes is to

scatter them in the poultry house, and

especially under the roosts, as a. mixture

of ashes and manure, without the free

use of soil or other absorbents, can only

serve to reduce the value of both. The

potash of the ashes tears the ammonia

of the manure- from its combinations,

changes itself to a less desirable form

and the ammonia to the volatile carbonate

of ammonia, and away this latter goeS,

and working michicf

among the fowls roosting above it.





In the use of 00:11 asheS, either of hard

or soft coal, the result is diffcrent. how-

ever. About the best use that can be

made of them is to sift and use them in

the poultry house; but wood ashes should

not be mixed with manure of any kind.

Unless one has some special object in

View it is better to apply the ashes to

soil unmixed.



Occana. Co.

LITTLE ATTENTIONS NECESSARY TO



SUCCESSFUL HEN HATCHING.





J. M. W'.





 





One most important detail is to dress

the bodies of the: hens with insect pow-

der. Flowers of sulphur will not hurt

skin or eggs. The method of dressing is

very simple. One person holds the hen

by the legs, with one hand undor the

breast. Another opens the feathers with

the fingers of one hand, and with the oth—

er dredges some sulphur right on to the

skin, about three places along the back,

some on each side. and some in the neck

hackle and just under the tail. It does

not take a, minute, and the advantages

are many.



When hens dcscrt their nests it is be-

cause they are infested with lice. Owing

partly to the hen taking very little exer—

cise and dusting, and partly no doubt to

the increased temperature, the lice in-

crczise much faster than at any other

period. It is well to give another appli-

cation about the tenth day to destroy any

that have hatched out in the meantime.

When the hen is put out with chicks a

final dressing should be given. In addi-

tion each chick should be held in one

hand and dredged all over, rubbing the

powder well into the fluff. This gives

them a fair start in life.



At the seventh day it is well to test tho

eggs, for if there are many unfertiles they

can be removed and the rest closed up,

so that one or two hens may be reset.

However. the presence of a. few unfci'tiles

in the nest is not so prejudicial to the rest

as they are in an incubator. At about

the tenth day the soil under the nest can

be examined, and, if too dry, 21 little

warm water may be poured into the heaps

of soil at the corners of the nest. A few

teaspoonfuls will be enough, so that the

soil will be slightly moist. Probably the

eggs would hatch. but if there are dry-

ing winds it is certainly needed, and they

will giVe a greater percentage of chick-

ens.



Testing a Few Days Before Hatching.





While not very generally practiced, I

firmly believe in subjecting the eggs to

the water test about the eighteenth day.

A bowl of warm water and a. can of boil-

ing water should be taken to the nests.

When the hens are off feeding the nests

can be tested one by one. The tempera—

ture of the water should be 105 degrees.

which is about as warm as one can com-

fortably bear the hand in. A little of the

hot water can be added from time to time

to keep the heat at 105 degrees. The pur-

pose of dipping is two fold—one to moist-

en the membrane and soften the shell, so

as to make it easier for the chickens to

come out; the other to detect the rotten

eggs. Some incubator makers object to

eggs being dipped and say that it tough-





 





- THE MICHIGAN * FARMER.





but I have dipped‘





ens the membrane,

many thousands and could always hatch

as many chickens after it as anyone.

There is not the same necessity with an

incubator, as we can steam that, and the

eggs haVe been more carefully tested.

But many a novice who could not pick

out a rotten egg by light test can easily

do it; by the water.



The eggs will act in three ways. One

or two may sink to the bottom of the

bowl. They either contain chickens which

have died recently, or they have been

chilled at some time and retarded but

might hatch out a day or twu later. In

any case they are not dangerous, and

may be left in. Most will float upright,

wide end a. little out of the water. These

are live chicks and will be. seen to bob

in the water. If the infertiles have not

been removed, they will float in the same

way. Now for those to guard against.

Rotten eggs will float much higher out

of the water, and lean more or léss 10

one side. These should be removed, as

they are those in which the life gcrm

died early and a Chemical change has

taken place in the egg, resulting in the

formation of a very deadly gas—sulphur-

el'fed hydrogen. Partly owing to the ex—

pension of the gas, and partly owing to

the brittleness of the shell, which is due

to the action of the salts from the hen‘s

body, those eggs are very likely to burst

in the nest. and if they do it is fatal to

most of the hutch.



l have no time to go into embryology

here, cutrunciug study though it is, but

will merely say that for about two days

before hatching the chick uses its lungs

and breathes the air which passes

through the pores of the shell, the lungs

having Iakcn up the work which 1h211

line, pulsating membrane, the allantors,

had previously done. It will be seen that

with tho hen sitting closely, the breaking

of one of these eggs must flood the nest

with 21 filthy poisonous gas which remains

long enough to kill many or all. As the

eggs chill sooner after being dipped, it is

better 11.) IN the hen go on as soon as a

nest has been tested.



Canada. VI'. R, GILBERT.





APRIL AMONG 1:in BEES.





 





April is lhc month in which all colonies

should be examined. “"9 usually have

some nice days in which to do this Work.

If any colonies have died during winter,

remove the combs of honey that remain

and place them under some other strong

colony before robbing begins. If any col-

onies have become queenlcss, procure

queens for them. Do not let the colony

dwindle away for want of a queen, for it

may yield you :‘10 or even 100 pounds of

honey the coming season. The bottom

boards should also be scraped, rcmoviug

the accumulated cuppings which always

gather there (luring winter. 011 top of

the hives you will probably find ants

gathered in the packing, with thousands

of eggs ready to hatch. Clean them out

and sweeten up the hives in general. It

may be that sumo need a coat of paint.

(let ready for the honey flow and give

the bccs Ll chance to build up. Section

boxes and brood frames should also be

gotten in readincss. it is easy to manage-

bees when all the preparatory work is

properly «1011c. It will do no harm to lot

the bees get 21 little cornmeal from the

bin. Some bee-keepers make a regular

practice. in spring. of setting mcal in

sunny spots protected from the wind for

the bees to gather as a substitute for

pollen to stimulate brood rearing. This

is not necessary in locations where 11211,-

ux‘ul pollen is abundant.



\Vhen breeding is heaviest bees require

most water. In early spring they may

be seen about the well in Search of this

necesuary article. They will fly a great

distance for it, if not obtainable near by.

Many bees are lost and chilled in thus

carrying water for their brood. If there

is no water accessible, close to thc

apiury, it will pay to supply some. Take

a barrel, set it :1 few feet from the

ground. fill it with water and cover the

top so that no bees will be drowned. Then

bore a very small hole near the bottom

of the barrel and let the water drip on a

board. The board should be slanted

slightly to cause the water to flow slowly

along. From this source the bees will be

able to help themselves. The nearer the

water is to the apiary the fewer bees

will be required as water carriers, 51 very

important feature at this season when

the warmth and energy of every bee are

needed in the hive to help build up the

colony. When honey begins to come in

from the field it is no longer necessary

to supply them with water.



New Jersey. F. G. Human.





(





 





 





 





451'





(19)





‘A Tempting

Treat——





Post

Toasties





with cream





 





Crisp, fluffy bits of white

Indian corn; cooked, rolled

into flakes and toasted to

a golden brown.

Ready to serve direct

from the package.

Delightful flavour!

Thoroughly Wholesome!





“The Memory Lingers"





Sold by Grocers





Postum Cereal Company. Limited,

Battle Creek. Michigan.





 





 





 





 





 





 





Certain teed Roofing





 





is indestructible





The hot boiling sun, heavy rain storms,

strong winds or winter’s chilly blasts

have no effect on Certain-teed Rubber

Roofing. Millions ofl rolls in actual use on the

roof today—it is fully tried and has stood the

acid test of time—406 guarantee it for 15 years.

Don‘ t decide now for or against gerrain- -t¢¢__£l

Roofing or Rubber Shingles un 11 you get

prices from your local dealer and figure how

much money you can actually save.

A Certain-Leg! label is pasted on each roll

or bun le for your protection. Write at once

for our valuable free book, P-4 “How to

"LESS Money."

GENERAL ROOFING MPG. COMPANY

World’s Largest Roofing Manufacturers

York. Pa. Marseilles. lll. Bust It. Louie. lll.

Minneapolis Ian Francisco





 





 

 

   

 





 





Grow More

Potatoes

Per Acre—





   

 





WAMERICAN





~11z-1111 .11





   





 

 





Plant flour potatoes

the rig t way. Grow

2 bushels where

yo new row one!

Get the easily operated A ERICAN

Potato Planter. Plantb to lacres per day.

Work faster—get more accomplished—get

more profits e American works faultleesly

—30 in. wheels supported by 1% inch cold-roiled

steel axle. Heavy main frame fastened to

this. Has distinct diopping device—perfected

fertilizer attachment. Will sow from 300 to

2. 500 pounds fertilizer to theecre. Bl; look

Pill—Mk for It! W rite at once for full

information. Learn the American way

of planting. Do it now. Address

American Potato Machinery Company

81! Inna-on Oh. Hammond. Ind.





   

   





 





   

 





 





 

   

   

   

   

   

 

 

 

 





 





Don’t Wear a Truss





STIAIT’ 8 PMS-“15m?” Ire JIM-l

edwine nppli-



cuion 9made “"1138 adhesive purposely

to hold the parts securely In place.

lo Imps. buckles or springs—can

not ulip,socuno¢ chafeor compms

against the pubic bone. The most

obstinate cases cured. Thousands

have successfully treated themselves

at home without binarunoe from work. Ben I. rel-

vot-o-y to apply-inexpensive. Awarded Gold

Redd. Process freeman ilnaturai. I0 mfunber

use hr "1:. We prove what we fly by lend-



ing Iyou Trial of Plupno abso-

lute tely Ill]. 'rkeTOD TODAY.





ll. OI'IPLAPAO

11111111411110 “unionism 721111111111.

DOGS.





TRAINEE running Fox Hounds. and younghounds

famous Coon hunting parents Pull blood

Jersey heifers. lend stamp. W. E. LECKY. Holmelville. Ohio
"st-.wVéRi.





 





452





(20)





,3





New Idea





Manure Spreader

Never Clogs





Don’t be pestered and made out

of sorts by havin a spreader that

clo 5. You don’t ave to. Get one

tha 5 reads wider, evener, 'car—

ries a i ger load and has a score of

other a vantages—the New Idea.





Send for Book and Special Circulars





telling all about the 24 points of superior-

ity, and an account of the great spreader

contest on the Hartman farm, where

the New Idea put other Spreaders on the

scrap heap. Don’t think of buying until

you know about the spreader that is

always ready to give atest of its merits.





 

 





24 Points V'. 'j’ Catalog

Free





   





Write today

and get the facts.





New Idea Spreader Co.

[16 Sycamore St.. Coldwater. onto





 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

   

 





 





If you would have a

bigger, better garden.

good cultivation is





GOOD

CUL "VA 770” hibiscus;





truclrer. small fruit grower, can decrease labor, increase

crops and (rich! by using Iron 2e tools. ur \

Single an Double Wheel Hoes are strong, .

light, compact. Easy to push—make garden-

ing areal pleasure. Special attachments (or a

dozen‘uses. Perfect weed killers, cultiva-

tors,_l’iillers. etc. We are wheel oe

spectalists. If you need a garden tool,

youn an Iron Age. Attachments

can be added as needed ; they re-

duce tool expense. Ask your

dealer to show them. And send

for free booklets of com-

plete line garden. or-

char and 2‘», .

fieldlabor- ‘5 .

saving tools.

A postal will bring in ‘



promptly. Bateman M'f'g Co..

Box 1041. Creuloch. New Jersey.





 

 

 

   





 

 





t





a:

lit in





. ) 1'" .i“





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





l





Use the sprayer that does the mosv

work most thoroughly at. the lowest cost.





Brown’s Auto Spray





No. l fitted with uto Pop Nozzle—mos ’

powerful and efficient hand outfit. Ca . ,o,

aclty 4 allons. For large spru. 'ers— . ‘



Brown’s on-clog Atomic Spray. rite

for low prices and Free Spraying Guide.

The E. C. Brown 00., 32 Jayflt. , Rochester.N. Y.





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





 





VYYV’VVYVYYYYYVVVYYYYY





‘HORTICULTURE?





_A ,





 





 





AAAAAAAAAAAA AAA AAAAAAM'





SHAPING THE NEWLY PLANTED

TREES. ’



An important part of orchard work just

at the present time is the forming of the

tops of the young trees. The height of

the trees is a matter of moment and this

is determined at the start. There is no

question but what the lower the tops can

be formed the better it will be for the

tree, yet cultivation must be carried on

and the tops of the trees must be adjust—

cd to accommodate this work. I have

often thought that, if I could get plenty

of straw or other mulch to cover the

ground I would form the tops of the trees

we are now planting, close to the ground,

and Would use mulch instead of cultivat-

ing. taking the chances against fire and

mice. But this is out of the question,

and the proposition is to form the tops as

low as possible and still allow room for

cultivation. This work must be done with

teams, and the teams must be worked by

hired men, and the hired man must al-

ways be reckoned with in all of our 01‘-

chard problems If a man is expecting to

do this work himself it may hake some

difference with his plans, but it is a

question if, when he gets right down to

the merits of handling the team and tools

around these low tops he would not have

greater consideration for his own conven-

ience than for that of the hired man. It

is quite different from working in an open

livid. ..\nd when a man comes to make

this practically his business for perhaps

four months, the matter of “picking all

of the fruit from the ground" loses much

of its attractiveness. It’s a safe gamble

that after one season‘s experience, if the

tops are very low, he will conclude to

iaisc them up and forego the inconven—

icnce of using ladders in harvesting the





 





fruit.



hit this is a matter that one must de-

cide now, for the tops. cannot be lowered

much it started too high.



Another thing to be noted is that low

branching of the limbs does not neces—

sarily mean lower tops. “'0 not infre—





 





. widcr





 





 





Don’t Plant An

Apple Orchard

this season without first getting

prices on my clean, healthy Ohio

grown hand ‘2 year old trees. Have

specialized in growing finenursery

stock for 80 years. Catalog free.





 





 





w. E. Hefner, Drawer 0, Troy, Ohio,





 





 





CALL’S NURSERIES,





PERRY. OHIO.

Have a large stock of the finest Fruit,

Shade and Ornamental Trccs, Spray

Pumps. Spraying Solutions and (inso-

lino Engines. Deal Direct. Prices low.

Send for price list.





GRAPE VINES‘





Best varieties for vineyard and garden. ll‘lil- Send [or

[ions of vines for sale. Our free book gives F R EE

instruction for planting, cultivating and prun- BO 0“





big. Profiisely illustrated. Issued by the





lar est rowers of grape vines and small fruits in the

g g Predonia. N. I.





country. '1‘. S. HUBBARD 00., Box 41,

—'J‘cn times your

True-to—Name Catalpa Trees mun... back it‘

not. truo speciosa. Also Ontalpzi Seed. (lyprcss trees,

most. beautiful in the world. FREE booklet.



H. C.





BEST STOCK and BEST FRUITS!





Buy Direct and Save Money at. our low(§>ricesl

Peach trees, fine at. 4c and up. Apgle and berry,

80 and up. kinds of fruit. an shade trees,

Berry plants. etc. Catalogue Free.





quently see trees with the branches com—

ing out only a few inches from the

ground. and still the tops no lower or

than others which brunch consid-





lcrzibiy higher. The limbs of such low-





jin'anching trees are more likely to break





down than. those that branch higher up

and are (-m'rcspondingly shorter. In our

work I have come to about 20 to 24 inches

above the ground as about the right

height to start the branches. The young

trees at planting are cut off 24 inches or

n, little more, above the ground. if this is

possible as they come from the nur—

scry, its the branches must come out be-

low this. Sometimes we get trees from

the nursery that have been trimmed up

too high for this, but we try to get those

which are not.



I am now working on a lot of young

trees of different kinds from one to five

years old. I iiko to do this work myself.





i\\'iih tho your-iings I select three or four

Ihiriiichcs. never more than five. at about





the licighi l have started, coming out at

even distances around the tree. so as to

make an cvcn, >yinmeti‘icul head, and cut

away all the rest. Never leave two limbs,

as a crotch is sure to split. if any are

making a stronger growth than the oth—





 





ROUERS, Box 104. Mechanicsburz. Ohio





(rs, which will usually bo found the (wise,

these are cut bat-k to chn up the length.

Usually all are cut back more or less.

owing to the vigor of the trees. It is well

to have a lot of CO'dl‘St‘ strings in one's

pocket, for frequently a limb will be

found which is wanted for the- top but

which turns down too low, or perhaps to

one side. This can be raised up to the

desired position and tied across to a limb

on the opposite side. It will soon grow

in this position, when the string may be

removed. Sometimes, too, one or more

branches will be found growing out from

the side of the. trunk. but too low to con-





It is necessary for each pruner to have

an ideal tree in his mind, and the form-

ing of the tops is a matter of bringing

the- trees into conformity with that‘ideai.

No two men form the tops exactly alike.

The inverted vase form is the one most

approved, leaving the tops open in the

center so that the sun may reach all

parts of the tree. This is a matter of

leaving the proper number of branches on

the main limbs growing out at the proper

distance frOm the trunk, and this is a.

different proposition with different kinds

of trees and of different varieties of the

some kind. A very good way is to study

old trecs and note how many branches

may be allowed in these and at What dis-

tanccs from the trunk. remembering that

the smaller limbs and branches we leave

now practically remain where they are,

except for changes that may be made

later by the load of fruit bringing them

closer to the ground. Then arrange the

branching in the light of the observation

thus gained.





Allegan Co. EDWARD HUTCHINS.





ESSENTIALS IN PRUNING GOOSE-

BERRIES AND CURRANTS





 





There are two essentials to be kept in

mind when pruning gooseberries and our-

rants. One is with reference to the grad-

ual renewal of the bearing canes and the

other with reference to the control of the

cane borer.



The bush form of training the goose-

bcrry is undoubtedly better than the tree

form. Bushes trained the tree form are

susceptible to permanent injury if the

borer should be neglected and get down

in the “trunk.” In the bush form the

neglect of the control of the borer would

generally only affect the canes neglected

and new canes would take their place.

Although sonictimes the borer gets close

enough to the roots to cause injury to the

plant as a whole.



The currnnt czine borer which attacks

both the gooseberry and the corrupt does

its injurious work by tunneling through

the pith, or ccntcr, of the cane. They al-

most always work down, so in pruning

it is quite essential to cut all affected

clincs llt'lt,l\\' the lowest part of the tunnel.

'l‘hcse tunnels can easily be recognized

by the blackish centers of the canes.



A hearing cane of both gooseberries

and currants, if it is free from the attack

of the borer for several years, deterio-

rates in bearing qualities when it gets

over five years old. Therefore it is ad-

visable to renew the canes occasionally.



It is preferable to maintain four or five

hearing canes and leave each year one or

two of the strongest young growths to

replace an old cane to be taken out the

next year. All other young growths or

shoots should be cut out.



Further pruning should consist of thin-





ning out the tops of the bearing canes a.

little and cutting back the past season’s





growth sonic if quite long.

liy pruning .is suggestcd above a heal-

thy and productive patch of gooseberries

or currants can be. maintained for a long

time, provided spraying and good cultural

methods are practiced.

Van Burcn Co.





PROGRAM FOR SPRAYING PLUMS.





F. A. ‘VILK EN.





 





First Spray—Before tho growth starts

early in the spring give the trees an up

plicziiion of strong linic-sulpl'iur to con-

trol the European fruit—scale and the- San

Jose scale.





Second Spray—Just before the buds

swell apply Bordeaux mixture or self-

boiled lime-sulphur to which is added





:ii'senate of loud, for black—knot. fruit-rot,

leaf-spot, and the poison for curculio.





'l‘hird Spi‘ziy.~—l'se the some material’

for this spray as is used in the second

one and for the same purposes. The





arsonate of lead is nceded hcrc— also for

the curculio.

Later Sprays—Fruit-rot and the cur-

culi‘o is to be provided against for a.

greater part of the growing season and

for this reason the material given for





spray‘two and three should be repeated





 





 





 





 





Spraying

for Profit





Spraying, to be profitable, must

be done at the proper time, with

the proper solution and with a

practical machine.



LcROY SPRAYERS have been

used for years spraying for profit.

Their users claim they have paid

for themselves many times.



A LeROY SPRAYER is a safe

investment, they are long lived

machines. If interested in

spraying machinery of any kind,

write us for particulars.





John Deere Plow Co.

Indianapolis, Ind.





STAIII. SPRAY.

Outfit foi":$





Write for S t a h l

Sprayer Catalog ‘

and Treatise on “Orchard Ene-

mies." Select an Stuhl Barrel

Sprayer. Send S. and we will

shipoutflt. Exnmineit. IfO. .

puy balance. Try it; IO days—if

not: satisfactory. send it: back

and we will refund your money.

All Sprayers at bargain prices.

Write today.





WM. STAlll. SPRAYER CO.

(37) Box 983. Quincy, Ill.





Triple Your

‘ \ Fruit Cro





You C9]: Do It

Spraysng



The Crestline "SUNSHINE”

double acting barrel spray

pump is the simplest and

most effective made. Any

one can use it. Solid brass

upper and lower cylinders.

All brass plunger. B ruse

valve seat and extra large air

chamber. Fully guaranteed.



Only Automulc Agitator

Havlng Four Paddles



All others have but two. It

makes the work easy. Simple

to operate and produces a con-

stantuniform spray. Send to-

day for descriptive circular.

CRESTLINE MFG.CO.

Dept. 15 Onalllno. Olllo





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 





l. A





7





Muir—6'5





 





0N FREE TRIAL. No

money in advance. Doubles

your crop. Prevents blight,

scab, rot, bugs. Spray FIRST,

then pay us out of Extra Profit. Powerful pres-





. Cyclone agitation. Strong and durable. Bras-

vnives, plunger, struiner,etc.





Guaranteed 5 years.

Wholesale prices. We pay freight. Write us which machine

youprefer,audgetfrceSprayingGuide,

. ; Catalog, and ’ree '

N ' Sprayer Offer to p; r:—

’ firstinyourlocality. 3", ,

_ll.L. HURST MFGJIO.

2410 North St.

Canton, 0.





 





 





’Here is a spray pump invented

by fruit growers. It was our

endeavor to secure the best

spray pump to use on our

300 acre fruit farm that

produced the





EOLIPSE





SPRAY PUMP





It overcomes eve defect found

in other makes—it as roved lt-

aeif best in actual work. Put an

Eclipse to work on your trees and

earn bigger profits. Write for our

fully illustrated catalogue. It tells

why on should spray—and why

on s ould do it with an Eclipse.

t’s free. Write to-day. r





 





may». ‘ '





. “inflamew «;





t «.J ._-... 11.)“ '~_-ai.-.





ERNST NURSBRIES. Box 2. Moscow. Ohio





..,_..cs w.





form to the idenl 01‘ standard we have every 12 or 14 days until there is danger

set. If left as they are they will form a of the application discoloring the fruit,

one-sidcd tree. In such cases We bring i. 6., till about four weeks from the time

the most desirable branch to an upright the fruit matures.



position and tie it to the old trunk, cut- An application of one pound 0f Copper

ting away all of the others and cutting sulphate to 150 or 200 gallons of water.

off the top of this at the desired height. may be made on varieties that are par-





MORRILL ‘ MORLEY MFG. 00.. Benton Harbor. Mich.





The





 





CHAIN 389“ (‘i‘l‘fir‘ii‘ified "56");7 (113630311 fit “6‘?

c ier . )erf , . . .zi. ores. _ .

Fruit. Shade Itrees, etc. rosius Nurseries, rl‘ifiin, O. Berlm (hurt our Spec'alty

A WHITE package which insures

highest prices for your fruit.

Write for 1912 catalog sliow- l

lng our complete line. and secure

your BASKETS. CRATES, etc. at

WINTER DISCOUNTS.

The BERLIN FRUIT BOX 00..

Berlin llslglils. Ohio





 

 





D CORN—Reid’s Yellow Dent, Imp. Early Lenin

SEirEig and White (lap. Tested Seed. Also Seed Oats-

Cataliiguc free. Theo. Burt & Sons, Melrose, Ohio.





 





Early yellow dent. tested.





Seed Corn and oats; showing high ermination.





 





circular.





d Swedish select and Go den Fleece - . . . . . , . i r . . '

Sifiéniiit°best varieties. Write for siirfiple'and It Will soon grow in this pOSition and next ticu.arly susceptible to rot from two to I

. A. BYWATER. Memphis, ichigan. spring the required branches can be 56- three weeks before harvest time. PLANT HARDY TREES





J.





 





Carefully go over the plum trees and

remove all the

with black knot.

should keep a lookout for new





lected and the top formed the same as

with 21 year-old tree. The string and

piece of old trunk above the branch may

also be cut off. It will soon outgrow the





true to label fruit trees

wholesale prices, direct

from nursery to planter. Send for catalogue.

BELERV cm ttlllllEltlESl flux El [unusual Mien. ‘





' ,. - —Limited

’ f Regenerated Swedish Selfoct (Lats “mm?“

.. ' ,d (:90 .e ts: sacks cen extra. tin or

ge‘olllesalainedl‘seél fiICKcS,nR. No. 11, Battle Creek, Mich.





1 Healthy, acclimated, high grade

limbs that are affected (i and plants forNorthern States at?





During the season one

infesta—





 





 





 





 





ear No. 1 Concord Grape Vinesflfi per 1000; Straw“ . . .

.. 2 be” Planoesfi per 1000: Peach Trees 300M311“ bend in the body so this Will not be tions and when discovered cut. out the SO d c I SO! —Im raved pride of the

....= up- Apple. Plum Cherry and Pear. Catalo free , . e orn or e No h. Carefully selected

% . w. A. ALLEN 6‘s SONS. Geneva. Ohio. noticed. branches and destroy them by burning. and guaranteed to w. H. L. COLE, Palmyra, Mich.





d
l





'v





We





 





Apron 13, '1912.

A PLAN-l" INCUBATOR.





 





In a country Where the seasons are

short, or where it is desired to obtain

vegetables at an extra early period, there

are various modes of starting plants in

order to have them advanced suitable to





'be set in the_open garden as soon as the ~





season will permit.



For this purpose, dOubtless the not-

house is the most convenient as, by being

able to get inside at all times, the tem-

perature and moisture conditions can be

kept uniform. The hot—bed is in common

use and is the most popular with home

gardeners because of the less expense of

maintaining it.



However. there are often occasions

where it is desired to grow a few extra

early plants for home use, where- it is not

convenient to construct and care for a

hot-bed and it is not always easy to ob—

tain manure for heating. To obviate all

such wants I have a plan that is both

economical and satisfactory.



I use a common goods box of any size

to supply the needed number of plants.

The upper cover is removed and slats

nailed on two opposite sides or ends, in-

side, at about eight inches from the top.

A shallow seed box is made of just such

size to fit inside the box and resting on

the slats. The seeds are sown in the

shallow box in well prepared sifted soil.

A frame containing glass or cloth is fitted

on the box. A cover of common unbleach-

cd muslin, stixatched tightly over the

frame and given a coat or two of linseed

oil answers about as well as glass, and

in the hands of a novice, there is less

chance of burning the plants than where

glass is used, is much lighter to handle,

and much cheaper.



The box must be high enough to ac-

comodnte a lamp underneath the seed box.

\Ve use a low lamp and place a piece of

tin or other sheet metal just below me

seed box to catch and deflect the heat,

as otherwise the heat immediately above

the lamp would be too concentrated. A

door is fitted in the side of the box. to be

used in filing and regulating the lamp.

1 keep a thermometer in the lower part

with the lamp and aim to keep the ,tem-

pcmture at from 60 to 75 degrees.



The seeds are sown in rows three inches

apart and covered lightly. \Ve spread a

piece of muslin on the soil and water

freely. As soon as the seeds germinate

and are breaking through the soil I re-

move the covering. I start my germi-

nator any time from the middle of March

to the first of April, and even later in a

scason like this, as. in this section (cen-

tral New York), we cannot safely set out

tender plants much before the first of

June. “'hen grown in this way, they

grow very rapid, and will be ready to

transplant to cold frames in about a

month. It is well to gradually decrease

the heat, give less water. and abundance

of air a. few days before transplanting.

in order to harden them. Cloth covered

cold frames answer very well as at that

advanced season at which we use them

the cloth, or muslin. gives sufficient pro-

tection to grow them until time to set

them in the garden.



i start peppers, tomatoes, egg plants,

or any tender plant necessary to be pro—

tected at an early season and as hun—

dreds may be grown in this way find

the convenience much superior to the

window box so often used where a fen

plants are needed.



The air in a living room is usually too

dry for the well-doing of plants, and as,

this; arrangement places the plants out of

doors and under direct light. and where

abundant air can be given, the plants will

rctain the best of health. A piece of old

carpet can be thrown over the box at

night or in severe weather, during the day_



New York. B. F. MACK.





PLANTING CURRANTS.



The soil should be cool, moist, rich and

prepared deeply. Make rows six feet

apart in the direction most convenient for

cultivation. but preferably north and

south. and plant the bushes {Our feet

apart in the rows. Plow furrows, set

plants against land-side and draw earth

up against and about them. firming it

well. The remainder of furrow can be

filled by the after cultivation. One-year-

old plants are usually satisfactory. Plant

as early as possible this spring.



The Repp orchard at Glassboro. N. J..

contains 50,000 to 60,000 trees. He

usually sets out 7,000 or 8,000 trees a

year. He sprays with ‘Pyrox. Wise

growers are ordering ealy. Ask the

Bowker Insecticide 00., of Boston. for

book. '





 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 





. on 453





 





 





 





 





 





 





u *1 $980





$980 f.o.b. Factory

(top extra)





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





I want every farmer and his family

to ride in the Maxwell





“Mascotte’? at i_n_y expense





 





 





 





 





I want you to take a pleasant little holiday. I_don’t mean that I want you to



ride up and down Main Street afew times. Some pleasant afternoon,

maybe, I’d like you to get the family together and go out and visit some of the folks—

]ust as you are accustomed to doing—only this time go in a Maxwell “Mascotte”, which

I will arrange to place at your disposal.





I am inviting you to do this because I want you to know the exceptional





qualities and wonderful value of the Maxwell “Mascotte”.

I want you to test it In the same way you will use it if you buy one, on the same roado

—-good or bad as they may be—the same hills—the same levels.





I know the “Mascotte” is the best all-around car for undeveloped high-





ways, hills, mud and sandy roads and rocky by-

ways. But I want you to know it. I know a ride—an actual road experience—~will





prove the many merits of this car to you and your family in the most practical way.





For reliability the Maxwell “Mascotte” is unequaled. Remember, the Max-



well won this year‘s (Hidden Tour, the hardest test of efficiency

on record. It had the best team score in last year's Glidden Tour also; it holds the

world’s non-stop record for traveling ten thousand miles over country roads without

stopping the motor. The Maxwell has won more endurance contests than any other car

in the world.





For durability the Maxwell stands supreme. Oflicial figures prove no other





. car will last as long. Over 91 per cent. of the Maxwells sold

in New York State during 1905-1906, are registered again this year, proving seven years

of continuous service. The Maxwell will give you years of absolutely reliable service

at the lowest cost of maintenance. .





that the Maxwell “Mascotte” is

I want to prove to you the first real high-grade family

touring car ever sold for less than $1000. No other car within $200 above

its price compares with it. It has been close figuring to build such a large,

powerful and stylish car as the Maxwell “Mascotte” and sell it for only

$980. No other company, lacking our wonderful manufacturing facilities,

can afl'ord to do it.





 





Don’t fail to take advantage of my offer. I want the opportunity



of entertaining you and your family in the Maxwell

“Mascotte”. Remember, it will not cost you a penny and involves no

obligation whatsoever.





 





Mr. J. D. Maxwell,

74 “lest 6lst Street, N. Y.





All you need do is fill out the attached coupon and send it to Dear Sir:





. me personally. Iwill instruct ourlocalrepre- I 'll b . . .

Icntntive to make arrangements with you ior your trip. Write me today. w' . e glad to accept your mv'tat'on to

- take a ride With my family in the Maxwell





“Mascotte”.



Kindly arrange to place a car at my

t v disposal. It is understood that no expense

or obligation on my part is involved.





Yours very truly,





United States Motor Company Name .................................. . .





Maxwell DiviSion Address... ........................ ......

74 west Slat Street, New York St

. ate............... .





- LI. F. 4





\





Town....................................
'j;

.i

t





..





~ msage :‘f





 





 





ll a; l:

lggfiht '-

II ‘ ‘





 





 





 





‘I I

“@‘tlhvltslt

W TUDEBAKER HUBS will last tilldoomsday.





I Made of the strongest, toughest, closest grain

wood we can find, soaked in boiled linseed oil to

protect their surface, air dryed for years to

thoroughly season them—finally treated by a secret sealing

fluid that tightens and toughens every fibre and makes them

absolutely weather-resisting.



Studebaker hubs never cheek nor split. Neither hard usage nor

hard weather ever leave a scar. The hub bands never break or ceme loose,

because they are electrically welded and shrunk on by hydraulic pressure.



We make all metalparts, including skeins, that go into a Studebaker

wagon and we know they are right. We test chemically the material

when we buy it and again test the finished parts to make sure that they

are absolutely perfect. Nothing is left to chance in Studebaker—that 3

why we guarantee Studebaker products.



Insist upon getting a genuine Studebaker. .

Don’t take another wagon represented The Studebaker Corporation

to be “just as good.” Ask our dealer South Bend, Ind.



or send for catalog.





STUDEBAKER HUB





 





If I could talk to you



for an hour, I could show

you why it is to your

individual interest to get

a home in the fertile





ecos Valley





New Mexico-Texas.





I cannot talk to you





 





Therefore

I ask that you write to me.





I will send by return mail our new ‘ book-folder

describing the country in detail, and telling why 1500

farmers, now there, are prosperous and happy. It tells how

you, too, may get a home there and win contentment. .





This little book is not exhaustive, but it does contain the ‘

essential information that will allow you to intelligently

estimate the opportunity for profit offered. It also tells

you how to take advantage of the mass of information on

file in this office.





In transmitting, the folder I will write you giving the

prices now asked for land and putting you in touch with

responsible people having land for sale. The Santa Fe has

no land of its own to dispose of.





Just drop me a. post card. Do it today.





C. L. Seagraves, Gen. Colonization Agent,

2293 Railway Exchange. Chicago.





When Writing to idvortisors mention the Michigan Farmer. ' '





THE ‘ -MICHIGAN FARMBR’.





BEAUTIFYING THE HOME GROUNDQ.





 





(Continued from first page).

use in the plantings about the home will

perhaps aid many to avoid disappoint-

ment.



Select the tree to be transplanted and

carefully cut off the roots with a sharp

spade a short distance from the trunk

depending upon the size and nature of

the tree. Mark the trunk of the tree so

that you will know when putting it in the

new position, which side of the tree was

north in the woods. Leave the tree after

cutting the roots, in its old place for a

season, when the severed roots will have

developed a large number of fine rootlets

that can be readily taken up with the

tree and which will feed the tree in its

new place. By cutting off large roots and

removing the tree directly one takes from

the tree practically all of the feeding sur-

face of the roots. and thus makes it al-

most impossible for the tree to live. At

the time the roots are- cut prune back

the top to retain a. fair balance between

it and the roots the same as one does in

transplanting a young orchard.



Dig the hole for receiving the new tree

long before you intend to transplant.

Make it large and fill with mold or well

decomposed manure and let the leaching

of this vegetable matter become assimi-

lated by the adjacent soil. This will put

,the tree in possession of a liberal amount

_of plant food from the start and is cer-

itain to insure a successful job if the

‘other work is done with care.



When you are ready to move the tree,

lwhich should be done early in the spring

=before the sap begins to flow very freely

if possible, and which can be done where

the hole has been prepared beforehand as

directed above, clean out the hole, put

lsome surface soil in the bottom, set the

tree but slightly deeper than it stood in

the forest, with the north side to the

north, as indicated by the mark, carefully

work the soil about the roots to avoid air

spaces and firm frequently as layer after

layer is put in, and at last pull a mulch

‘over the top to retain moisture. Thus

iplanted there is very little doubt that'a

,trce will grow. or course, it can be done

iln the old—fashioned way of completing

rthe'job in an hour from the time you go

out to select the tree, and you may get

good results, but too many times when

planted in such a way one has a tree

lrthat struggles along for several seasons

fand then, perhaps, dies. The- above

'mcthod will avoid, as far as it is possible,

inny such results.



1 Making a Lawn.



i It is seldom that you find what may be

‘called a good lawn. The preparation of

[the land, the choice of seed and the after

‘care dctermine‘in an extreme degree, the

:kind of sword you will have. In the- first

‘place, the ground should be tile drained it

it is not naturally located so the water

will be carried off. Then establish the

grade you want, for after the sward is

‘grown it is difficult and expensive to

{change the level of the lawn. Make the

{land rich if it is not already so, by the

’libcral use of well—rotted barnyard ma-

‘nurc and commercial fertilizers. If of a

clayey nature work the soil down a good

‘depth and then put the surface in a per-

fect condition for the. reception of the

‘grass seed. The proper care of sandy

,land is different; keep it packed to hold

lmoisture by the liberal use of the roller

fand employing barrows and cultivators

1that pack instead of loosen the soil. Use

ithe garden rake on all soils after finish—

‘ing the work that can be done with horse

power This raking removes all stones

and sticks and other rubbish that would

afterwards interfere with mowing the

grass. \Vhen the surfaCc is carefully

worked over and made very fine the

ground is ready for the seed.



“'hat seed to 'sow is a much mooted

subject although in our latitude there is





 





.‘little question about the wisdom of mak«





ing the body of the lawn sward of Ken-

lucky blue-grass (Poa pratensis). This

grass is so hardy and persistent and tilti-

mately occupies all fields that are sown

to other kinds of grasses and grains, that

it is unwise frir the amateur to attempt

to establish a lawn ith any other grass.

Blue-grass starts slowly, so to keep the

weeds down it is wise to sow with it a

quicker growing grass. Michigan farm-

ers are familiar with the growing of tim-

othy and as this fills the demand for a

quick germinating grass at better combi-

nation for general lawn building than

Kentucky blue—grass and timothy is hard

to find. If the land is hard, needs to

be loosened up and supplied with more

nitrogen it is a good plan to add crim-

son clover. This plant being an annual

dies out after it has quickly covered the

land with verdure, kept down the weeds





 





APRIL 18, 1912.‘





and supplied the soil with nitrogen. The

timothy then follows and occupies the

soil until the June-grass takes possession.

\Vhité'clover can be used if one desire it

in the lawn. Use the. Kentucky blue—

grass at the rate of 30 pounds per acre,

timothy at the rate of about six quarts

per acre and from four to five quarts of

crimson clover for' the same area.





 





CHILDREN TO GARDEN INSTEAD OF

WORKING IN THE MILLS.





 





At the closing session ofthe eighth an-

nual conference of the National Child La-

bor Committee, in Louisville, Kentucky,

it was advised that children who have

hitherto contributed to the support of the

family by working in the factories, now

work in the garden instead.



A plan has been outlined, and efforts

are being put forth to make this desir-

able change. There is already a call for

teachers who shall be able to give- in-

structions in agriculture and the care of

animals.



Practical lessons are to be given the

children, and arrangements are expected

to be made so that the childr n will de-

vote most of the day to tilling the garden





in the pure air rather than to labor iré





doors. There is plenty of land, in fact.

hundreds and hundreds of acres'lying in

unproductive idleness. It is said that this

project is thoroughly feasible.



One objection to children working in

the mills is that it destroys their health

and future usefulness. John P. Frye says

that, mill workers are a puny people in

the fifth generation.





FORMULA FOR MAKING GRAFTING

WAX.





 





\Vill you kindly publish in your next

issue a formula for grafting wax?



Oakland Co. C. H. P.



There are different formulas for making





grafting wax for grafting purposes, each

specially fitted for service under differ-

ent conditions. The usual formula is to

use four parts of resin by weight, one

part of fallow and two parts of beeswax.

The three elements are melted together

over a slow fire after which the mixture

is poured into a pail of cold water when

the hands are. greased and the material

pulled until it is nearly white. This

formula can be used over quite a. wide

range of conditions.



A second formula substitutes linseed oil

for the tallow in the following combinas

tion: Eight pounds resin, two pounds

beeswax, and from one to two pints of

the linseed oil. It is important that the

linseed oil be free from cottonseed oil.

These components are melted together

gradually. turned into cold water and

pulled the same as for the first formula.

This formula is specially adapted for use

in warm weather, the larger proportion

of resin and beeswax keeping it from be-

coming too soft to work well in the field.



The third formula is for use in cold

weather. It contains six pounds of resin,

one pound of beeswax and one pint of

linseed oil. This material must be kept

heated in the field and applied hot to the

surfaces that are to be protected. Use

a brush for making the applications.

LIME-SULPHUR NOT A REMEDY FOR



BORERS.



In your issue- of March 23, W. H. J.

says: “When the trees are dormant ap-

ply lime-sulphur wash to kill borers on all

trees that are worth saving.” I do not

see how a contact spray will kill the bor—

ers when they are in their burrows with

no possible chance of their being reached

by the spray.



He states further: “\Ve have two chcr—

ry pests—smaggot and curculio. There is

no spray that will control the maggot,

but curculio can be controlled by arsenate

01' lead.” The cherry maggot that I am

familiar with is the larval or worm stage

of the curculio. He does not mean the

cherry slug, for that can easily‘be con-

trolled by a weak arsenical,



Wayne Co. W. POSTIFF.





PAYING chops.





 





The success of the farm is largely due

to the quality of the seed sown. Seeds

that are impure and adulterated may he

bought for less, but they are not cheap

even if bought at half price. All farmers

that are interested in good seeds should

write for Brown Seed Company’s cata-

logue, of Grand Rapids, Mich., which tells

all about legume crops, such as \Vinter

Vetch, Alfalfa, Cow Peas, etc. A postal

card will bring you the “Catalogue.”

\Vrite today and mention Michigan Farmer.





 





 





 





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I nanny cums;





OFFICERS OF THE STATE ASSOCIA-

TION OF FARMERS’ CLUBS.





President—J. D. Leland, Corunna.



Vice-President—D. Morrison, St.

Johns.



Secretary-Treasurer—Mrs. C. P. John-

son, Metamora.





 





Directors—C. L. Wright, Caro; E. W.

Woodruif, Blanchard; 'C. P. Johnson,

Metamora; H Chamberlain. White





. W.

Lake; an. T. Hill, Carson City; Jerry

Spaulding, Belding.

Address all communications relative to

the organization of new Clubs to Mrs. C.

1". Johnson. Metamora, Mich.





Associational Motto.—

The farmer, he garners from the soil

the primal wealth of nations.





 





Associational Sentiment.—

The skillful hand, with cultured mind,

is the farmer’s most valuable asset.-





 





YEARLY PROGRAMS.





 





The \Vashington Center Farmers’ Club,

of “'ashington township, Gratiot county,

has apparently followed the plans of pre-





 





,vious years in their annual program for





This is a neat little booklet with

colored paper covers. On the first page

is the name of the Club, the year for

which the program serves, the associa-

tional motto and sentiment and the an-

nouncement that the regular meetings are

held on the second Thursday of each

month. One page of the booklet is given

to the program for each meeting, the

farms of the members are named, and

the names of the farms. as well as that

of the host and hOSteSS is given. The

order of business is given with each pro-

gram, the programs being complete in

every particular. At the bottom of each

program is a quotation suited to the date

or occasion. Questions for the ladies, as

well as the gentlemen, appear in many

of the programs. the questions being

largely of a practical nature. The ques-

tion box is given a place on each pro-





1912.





gram. A novelty at the May meeting is

“Garden Seed Exchange." Special fea-





ture meetings include a Children’s Meet-

ing in July. a basket picnic in August

and a Club Fair in October. Altogether

this is a very cmplete program, and the

plan has apparently given this Club the

best of satisfaction in use.

WHAT THE LOCAL CLUBS ARE

DOING.



The Deerfleld Club. of Isabella county,

which the delegate designated as a Back-

woods Club. has, a membership of 15 to

20 families, and an average attendance of

from 50 to 60. Monthly meetings are held

throughout the year, with the exception

of July, when the Club joins other organ-

izations in a Fourth of July celebration

on the safe and sane order. A program

tommittee is appointed but yearly pro—

grams are not used. At the monthly

meetings/ there is generally an agricul-

tural topic for discussion by the gentle-

men, while the ladies discuss more ethi-

cal subjects. A great benefit is deriVed

from the organization by its members,

especially in the-development of the social

side of farm life and in the increased con-

fidence of its members. Each family con-

tributes to the menu, taking food enough

and to spare. A reception committee is

appointed to welcome visiting members.



The Pickford Club. of Calhoun county,

has been organized for 15 years and has

100 adult members. aside from

children, and has an average attendance

of from 60 to 70. Nine meetings are held

during the year, oll-duy mce-tings being

held from October to March inclusive,

with afternoon meetings the balance of

the year. An occasional picnic meeting

is held. l’rinted programs are used on

which the place of meeting is designated

and the leader of the topic to be discuss-





ed. The programs are deviated from

somewhat, but the Club thinks them a.

fine thing. There is a flower committee





that looks after the sending of flowers to

sick members.



Cambridge Club, of Ilenawee county, is

one of the older Clubs of the state. The

delegate present represented this Club for

[the third time. The Club has a refresh-

ment committee which serves throughout

the year.



North Shade Club, of Gratiot county,

has a membership of 80 and an average

attendance of 40. Ten meetings are held

during the year. All-day meetings are.

held and refreshments are served at each

meeting



The Norveil Club, of Jackson county, is





some 30 ,





one of the oldest in. the state. Its mem-

bership is limited to 20 families and all

who are present are expected to say some-

thing upon the subject discussed, the men

at least, which the delegate considered

to be a good feature which could not be

maintained in larger Clubs. A special fea-

ture of the work of this Club is a public

meeting held at the town hall just before

township meeting, at which questions of

importance are discussed.



The North Owosso Club, of Shiawassee

county, was represented by two dele-

gates at the state meeting. This Club

owns its own dishes, while each family

provides two camp chairs. A small collec-

tion is taken at each meeting for the pur-

pose of purchasing flowers or fruit for

members who are ill. Occasionally the

young people take charge of the program.

The program and the place of entertain-

ment are announced two months ahead.

There is a membership of 20 families, the

members all being farmers. The attend—

ance varied during the past year from 45

to 145.





SPECIAL FEATURE WORK.





 





The above synopses of reports given by

the delegates representing the local Clubs

at the State Association, during the con-

ference of local Club workers, completes

the list of the reports for which notes

were secured. These reports have shown,

among other things, the various special

features of Club work which have added

to the popularity of and interest in the

Club meetings during the past year. The

publication of these reports cannot but be

of general interest to Club people

throughout the state, and we would be

glad to receive for publication similar re-

ports from Clubs which have not been in-

cluded in these brief items—Ed.





CLUB DISCUSSIONS.





 





Hens, Vs. Cows and Sheen—The Wise

Farmers’ Club met with Mr. and Mrs.

Philip Van Conant, at Dover, March 6.

A fine day and a full house, and a hearty

welcome. The meeting was called to or—

der by Pres. A. J. Seeley; after the open-

ing exercises, Mrs. Joseph Hudson open-

ed the question, “Which pays the best.

to keep $80 worth of chickens or $80

worth of cows or sheep? The ladies all

favored the chicken deal, while the men

were divided on the cows and sheep. A

committee of three was appointed to

draft resolutions on the death of Ex-

President Milo Lamphere. A vote of

thanks was extended to‘Mr. and Mrs. Van

Conant for their hospitality. The April

meeting will be held with Mr. and Mrs.

W. B. Maxwell.—.l. H. Seeley, Cor. Sec.



FaVOr More Road Dist-ricts.—The Salem

Farmers’ Club met for its March meeting

at the home of Mr. and Mrs. I. W. Ham-

ilton. After the usual pleasant social

hour and bountiful dinner the Club was

called to order by Vice—President Van

Voice. Select readings were given by

Mrs. Louisa B, Packard and Mrs. Anna

Thompson, both of which were, enjoyable.

Excellent music was furnished by the

Worden choir of young ladies, also a med-

ley by Mrs. Jessie Pebbles and Mrs. Mary

Osborn. A paper was read by Mrs. H.

C. Thompson, advocating more fresh air

and sunshine for the farmer’s wife. Light

gardening was given as an effective rem—

edy for the ills of a shut-in life.

was followed by a lively discussion on the

question. “Why does a man dislike to

plow the garden?" The question was

answered by John Smith; Chas. Ross.

Rev. Knowles. Daniel Smith and Robert

Ross. most of the speakers acquitting

themselves of any blame in the matter.

also explaining some of the manifest

hindrances in the way usually. Chas. Ross

spoke of some matters lately introduced

into our schools favoring the use of im-

ported spring wheat. He considered such

matters detrimental to the best interests

of our winter wheat industry. Mr. Ross

also spoke on the “100d Roads” subject

and the: following resolution was passed

and forwarded to the town board: “This

Club is in favor of rc-districting the

township of Salem and the money raiscd

for road purposes shall be divided pro

rata among said districts." Closed with

music—H. C. Thompson, Cor Sec.



Pass Resolution for Parcels Posh—For

their March meeting the.VVashington Cen-

ter Farmers’ Club went to “Roseland.”

the pretty farm home of Mr. and Mrs.

Lewis Curren. There were over 60 pres—

ent and all received a cordial welcome.

Music by the Club, reading of minutes.

and a large amount of miscellaneous bus-

iness occupied the forenoon seSsion. Roll

call was responded to by naming a tem—

perance- movement. Mrs. B. S. Gillman

then favored the Club with a song, and

“Parcels Post.” led by Frank Brown. was

discussed. At the close of this discussion





resolutions to the effect that this Club is ‘





unanimously in favor of parcels post,

were adopted. “Is a practical business

education necessary to the coming farm-

er?” was discussed by 0. .I.’Canipbell. L.

N. French, John Bowen and others, and

the general opinion was that the com—

plex business of farming needed a prac—

tical business man to conduct it. Fol-

lowing this Mrs. Lewis Curren gave a

fine reading and Mrs. Neil Payne and

Mrs. Gillman sang Sr) charmingly they

were obliged to respond to an encore. “Is

graded stock best for the average farm-

er?” was next taken up. and discussed

by several members. The, question box

and rccitations by the little people fin-

ished the program. The next meeting

will be at “Lawn View,” with Mr. and

Mrs, John Pankhurst. and an interesting

number on the program will be. “Preven-

tion of Sickness.” by Dr. C. ’I‘. Pank-

hurst.—Mrs. O. J. Campbell, Cor. Sec.





o





 





This «





 





THE ":‘WCHIGAN TFARMER.





 





Wm





‘ GRANGE





AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA





Our Motto—“The farmer is of more

consequence than the farm, and should be

first improved."





 





 





 





THE APRIL PROGRAMS.





Suggestions for Second Meeting.





Roll call responded to by each naming

a poverty pleasure.



ProgreSs of public events,

reports by a man and woman.



Duet.



What shall we raise: 1. If the fruit

crop fails? 2. If the hay crop fails?



A charade or two. ‘



Does your experience lead you to favor

papered, painted, or calcimined walls?

What points do you consider in selecting

either?



The country dooryard: 1.

2. Its back.





five—minute





Its front.





EFFECTIVE GRANGE REPORTING.





 





One cannot fail to recognize that ad-

vertising pays, else 'why do big enter-

prises persit in it and flourish? Strange

that when so much is credited to the

press, many a weak Grange neglects to

avail itself of this power.



I once sat at the table of a prominent

farmer who turned to me and said, "After

all, the- Grange has never done very

much, now has it?” Apparentlyhe asked

the question in good faith. I'pou injuiry

about the neighborhood, I learned that the

local Grange was one that “held its char-

ter,” it is true, that is. it paid dues to

State Grange; but I knew to a certainty,

from what I learned, that its hall was

dingy, the stairs leading to it unswept,

the lamps smoked, the gavel fell late, half

the officers were usually absent, the pro-

gram mostly “picked up” and that busi-

ness invariably dragged without snap or

ginger. Members do not go about talking

enthusiastically of such a Grange; no

wonder an outsider, even though he be

an intelligent farmer and eligible to mem-

bership, takes it for granted that there

is nothing of account being done by the

Grange.



Now. the right kind of reports sent to

the looal paper can do very much to rem-

edy such a state of affairs as the one de-

scribed. It is not difiicult to find Grangcs

that owe a large part of their steady

growth to the carefully worded press no~

tices which some member has furnished.

These notices were not fake reports that

gaVc misleading or exaggerated records,

but they were appreciative accounts

which encouraged faithful members and

attracted outsiders.



VVho would not wish to hold member—

ship in a society that has the reputation

for abounding goodfellowship, thoroughly

Jolly times and gave valuable information

to boot? A good system of press report-

ing can almost create such an organiza-

tion out of any Grange.





A Grange report which came to my

desk recently illustrates what can be

done. It occupied 15 inches of space in





a local paper and began in this fashion:



“Henry, why the dickens didn’t you

come down to Grange Saturday night?

Surely the wcathcr didn’t keep you in-

side?”



. “No, that wasn't it. I was over help-

mg Andrew all the afternoon and I got

home late and —”



“Oh, pshaw! I was working all day,

too. andhnd to hustle some to make it.

but I wouldn’t have missed that spelling

contest for a dollar.”



“Quite a time. ch?"



“Yes. we had a nice meeting. The

young people succeeded at last in getting

a degree team started, etc, etc.”



Even though you an» a stranger. you

read every word of such a report, which

goes on to recite the details of the spell-

ing match, name the, captain of the de-

gree team and to outline the plan for o

proposed contest. You know without be-

ing told that cverybody in that com—

munity ln-lievcs that the Grange is doln,,r

somcthing worth while. Such is the pow-

er of good Grange press reporting!



- .IENNIE Bonus.





 





AMONG THE LIVE GRANGES.





A Record-making Young Grange.—

Sturgis Grange No. 1490, of St. Joseph

county, was organized in February, 1911,

with 207 chartcr members. its member—

ship has steadily increased until now

it totals 307; 88 of these have been takcn

in since Jan. 1. 19l2, and there have. been

no withdrawals. Soon after the Grange

was organized several predicted (myself

among them) that some would drop out

during the year. but as yet we have no?

a delinquent member. On the. contrary

all dues are promptly paid, some of them

a year in advance. Do you know of one

that beats it? As a general thing every-

one responds cheerfully to the work as—

signed. Last August we entertained the

Pomona and entertained fully 250 people.

Bro. N. P. Hull was present and gave





(23). 455

.113 a fine talk, and now we have 45 pa-

trons from Sturgis Grange enrolled on

the Pomona list. In January, at time

of installation of officers, the brothers

gave a banquet to about 200. March 29

terminated a series of four socials which

brought out an average attendance of

about 200. Regular meetings are held

every two weeks and it is sometimes nec—

essary to call a Special. Interest is in—

creasing as members become better ac-

quainted with the privileges and purposes

of the Grange. During the past year our

patrons have been financially benefited.

through the untiring zeal of the purchas-

ing committee, in securing Paris green,

twine, coal. salt, fence posts, etc., and

at present we are agitating the question

of building a hall. Just now we are rent—

ing a commodious, well furnished hall in

the city—Charter Member.



Grange Spelling Bee—About 60 mem-

bers of Galesburg Grange, of Kalamazoo

Co., recently held an old—fashioned spell-

ing conteSt at the home of Mr. and Mrs.

John Vosburg. The result seemed to bear

out the contention that spelling is not

receiving prOper attention in the schools

of today, since the younger members of

the Grange were firm to fall by the way-

side. .



Lenawee Pomona Holds Special Meet-

ing.—A largely attended special meeting

of Lenawee County Pomona was held at

Ousted in March. State Chaplain, Mrs.

(l. J. C. Woodman, was present in the

capacity of state speaker and delivered

a most able address. Resolutions on the

passing away of Bro. and Sister Minor

’1‘. Cole were presented and spread upon

the minutes of this Granger. Bro. and

Sister Cole had long been active, earnest

and faithful members of the organization.

At the conclusion of the program the

membership prizes offered by Pomona.

last year were awarded. The prizes were

for largest increase in membership during

the year 1911. First prIZe of $12 was

awarded to Tipton Grange; second prize.

of $8 to Cormau Grunge, and third prize

of $5 to Rome Grange—Sec.



Ottawa County's Second “Big Meeting.”





On March 29 and 30 occurred the scoop}

annual meeting of the Ottawa County

Grange. Teachers and .Patrons’ Associa-

tion at Nunica. It is oflicered by Super-

intendent Vandenburg of the Grand lla-

ven schools as president, and Miss Myrtle

Brown. Ottawa I’omoua‘s lecturer, as

secretary. Formed somewhat like the

“Big Meetings" which have been so suc-

cessful at Ilesperia, Shelby and Hart.

this bcginning of another such nucleus of

influence has bcen watched with anxious

solicitude by its friends. That apprehen-

sion, on account of the second meeting,

at least, was groundless has been abun-

dantly demonstrated. Bad roads did what

they could to prevent success, but sun—

shine overhead and courageous confidence

in their cause brought the promoters of

the enterprise out victorious.



The meeting began Friday morning at

10:30 a. m., and continued till 9 p. m.

Saturday. Dinners and suppers were

served in the building to men, women and

children, who came by trolley car, wag—

ons, carriages and on foot. Nunicn.

Grange- had generously offered. for the

second time. to house the meeting and

furnish meals for one day. In addition

they provided for the closing address by

John C. Ketcham, in order to make sure.

of a striking finale. “School Knupsacks,”

with W. F. Taylor to interpret and lead

their soul—stirring songs, mode of the

music a memorable feature, and created

a sphere of harmony and cheer through—

out. Special quartets, solos, character

songs and rccitalious were added by local

Grunge members, just in proportion to

vary the tension of the soberer numbers

on the program. of the latter, State

lieputy \\’. 1“. Taylor, Prof. Ernest Burn—

ham, John C. Ketcham and the State

Lecturer, from outside the county. fur-

nished of the best they were individually

able. From within the. county, Mr. Ezra

\Yightmau, teachcr in the cighth grade

of Coopersville schools, tulkcd to patrons

upon thcir privilege to have whatever of

agriculture they desired taught in tln-ir

schools, and told them some of the diffi-

culties and advantages in having it so

taught; Mr. Fred (lordou, or Nunica, gave

it lcvcl~headed talk upon “How can thc

agricultural intcrcsts of our country be

best pronmtcd‘.”‘ in which he advocated

improved roads, more interest in our

schools and other community activities:

and Miss Soule. of t’lrand Haven, pre-

scnted “Ilandwork in the clcmentnry

school," with exhibits of lininiwork from

her own pupils



Friday afternoon

confercnce upon

lleputy ’l‘aylor

with remurks





was given over to a

Grange Lecture \Vork.

opened this conference

upon the. importance of a

program at cvcry meeting. and he was

followed by four lcctui'crs of Ottawa

County (lrungcs, cinch taking a phase of

how to imprch lhc character of program

work in our (lraugcs. livery talk or paper

was meaty and called out a lively discus-

sion. The, points hammered upon hardcst

were, press reports as the best hclpcrs

in Grange. growth, enlisting every metnw

b-cl‘ Ill some activity, brcaking up rou—

tine, and kecping young.r pcople busy. A

few bits. caught from among many choice.

ones. were these: “By-laws is akliscase

——J_'ust as hydrophobia is a discase;" “in-

spire membcrs with conlidcnce—nnyone

can succeed if people believe in him:"

“lecturers should assume. somc care of

room conditions: broken furniture, torn

curtains and liticied floors tend to in—

harmony."



School, Orange and farm improvement

lending to the constructive upbiulding of

the community. was the dominant thought

voiced over and over throughout this pro—

gram—41 program, by the way. that grip-

ped one’s sobcr attention and pointed a

direct finger at weak spots without wast-

ing itself in generalizing ovcrmuch. It

will be intereSting to See what comes

from such a meeting in practical results,

and what will be the association’s pro-

gram plan next.y'ear.—7J. R.
., fly? .





7.1

3





456 <24)





VW."'





MARKETS





DETROIT WHOLESALE MARKETS.





April 10, 1912.

Grains and Seeds.

Wheat—Prices moved up to a higher

basis on Thursday of last week when

news of crop damage came to the atten-

tion of traders. Just how much the new

crop has been damaged is a matter that

will not be satisfactorily understood for

several (laysf'or ttntil the plants have had

time to deVelop injuries. \\'eaknesses

interruptet’l the advantage gained by the

stllers Monday when some. of the states,

not heard from before. reported that the

crop was looking better than had been

expected»Alichigan, Missouri and. Uh1o

three of these. West of the Mississippi

river the condition of the crop is con-

sidered better- than east of it. Liverpool

was closed Monday, it being a holiday in

England. Large shipments from the Dan-

ube district had a depressing effect upon

the trade. Visible supply shows a de-

crease of one and a quarter million bush-

els. Chicago is still congested withvlnc

grain. The price one year ago for .\o. 2

red wheat was 87c per bu. Quotations tor

the week are:

No. 2 No. 1

ted. White. May. July.





 





Thursday 81.00123 .081/2 $1.013; .0814

Friday ‘ ..... 1.003., .1183, 1.03 .1181;2

Saturday .. 1.00%; .1185; 1.02 .110 1

Monday .. . . 1.00 .118 1.011,; .0851,





'l‘ucsdav ......... ... ....

wtanos'aay 1.01% 111.111; 1.02:}, 1.0111,



Corn.—Jl‘he late spring is proving’a

bullish factor in corn circles. The price

advanced nearly 2c above the elevated

figures of last week and there is no (ch1-

nirte information that the upward trend of

quotations will stop. Feeding has had to

be continued longer and grass is farther

awav than usual. The llanube district

has Iiiltlt'ti a little in checking the advance

by putting on the world‘s markets a much

larger bulk than had been reported grown

in that section. Visible sttpply oi corn

dccreased over a million bushels. tine

year ago the price for No. :1 corn was

:it\1,g(.‘ tcvr bu. Quotations for the past

week are:





No. 3 No. 3



Corn. ' Yellow.



1— / r- t «



’l‘hursday Lil/g 101,2



Friday ....... tal/g (111/2



‘ ‘ "‘1; .’.



Saturday .......... . ...... F10 /2 F18 /_

)l‘llltltly ...... ...... ....... 1‘) t



'l'ttcsttav .................. ..



' .- , ,— .'



\\'cdncsdt'ty ............... 161/3 181/2





Oatsrm'l‘radiug is light, volume of grain

in t'll't‘lll'dtitlil being small. l‘rices have

advanced oycr the high figures of last

week, which change is largely due to the

tardiness of conditions that will permit

farmers to get on the fields. The visible

supply shows a small iiulrease. Offerings

are sntaT't. Une» year ago the price for

standard oats was Bilge per bu. Quota—

’.i,~ ‘ the week are:



“U 5 {01 Standard. No.3





\Vhigte.

'l‘hursda 581g, 5

Friday y . ..... 381,5 {)8

Saturday ....... . .. ....... . 00 291/3

Monday ..... . ............ 0’0 301/;

'l‘uest'lay ..... . ............ .... .. ..

\\'edncsday ............... 001/; 60





Beans. .\ctivily in the local market is

at low ebb and prices are holding steady

with last week. Quotations are:





Cash. May.

’I‘hursday ................ ..$2.42 82$]

Friday ...... ..... 2.42 1.4:

Saturday .................. 2.42 L.»t_t

Monday ..... . .............. 2.12 2.41

'I‘ucsday ... .................... :

“Wednesday . . . . ....... . . . . . . 2.42 2 ~11





Clever Seed.s»'l‘his market has firmed

up from last week supported by the de—

mand from farming communities for seed

to sow after the spring crops. Following

are the week's quotations:





 





Cash. .\pril. Aisikm

'l‘lutrsdav ........S,\‘12.t'.0 $12.37:

room I .......... 12.7: 2.40

salon-"titty ........ 12.133 12.50

.\lttlttl:l\" ......... 13.1.. 123.11

'l'utsday .. ......

\\'cdncsday ...... 12.133 12.25 12.50





Rye. . ’1 his grain suffercd no change the

par-1 wet-k. No, 2 still being quoted at 1133c,

ptr hu. Market is dull and easy.



Tin‘tOthy Seed.7~l‘ricc is tiff $11100 last

wcek but the market is dull and prac-

tica‘ly nothing is llt'llll-T done. l'rime spot

is quoted at $1150 llt‘l' 1111. 7



Flour, Feed, Potatoes. Etc.



Floar. Market rules steady with trad-



inc‘ dull.





Straight .............................. $5.25

l‘alent Michigan . ..... .. ............. 4.85

tlrdinary l'atct’it ..................... 4.80

}l\'t~ .................................. 5.20





Feed. l“lllt‘ middlings, cracked corn and

coarse corn tncal are up: oth‘cr grades

steady. 'l‘hc carlot prices on track arc:

Hran, $30 pcr ton; coarse iniddlings, $510;

fine ntiddlings. $32" cracktd corn and

coats-o corn mcal, $212: corn and out chop,

$210 1101‘ 1011..



Hay and Straw.~».\ll grades (lt‘t- scarce

and the delayed season is augmenting

the demand. Quotations: No. 1 timothy,

$22.71th1211: No. 2 timothy. 821.300122; clo—

ver. mixed. 72050012230: rye straw, $11.50

(1112: whcat and oat straw, 811111150 per

ton. ,



Potatoes.— l"riccs were lifted another ac

notch last week by the shortage in sup-

ply and the widening demand but the

advance was lost later. It is anticipated

that with better Weather more liberal

shipmcns from producing sections will be

made. (i‘ar lots on track are quoted at

$1.230’11.30 per hit: new potatoes, $3 per

bushel



Provisions.-~~-l<‘amily pork. $100120: mess

pork, $18; clear, backs, $18.50«i;19.50; pic—

nic hams. 101/20; bacon. ”@150: pure lard

in tiercps, 101/2c; kettle rendered lard,

111/20 per lb.





 





THE" MtCHtGAN" FARMER.





Dairy and Poultry Products.

Button—Al good demand for butter

throughout the country has lifted cream-

ery prices, which on the local market

amounted to 2c. The high cost of feed





.is keeping many dairymen'from securing





maximum returns from their cows. Dairy

butter is steady. The market appears

firm at the new figure. Quotations are:

Extra creamery, 32c; first creamery, 310;

dairy. 22c; packing stock, 21c per lb.



Eggs.——The influx of eggs, although

meeting a rapidly growing demand, was

sufficient to put the local price down a

fraction of a cent. A large volume of

business is being done which is increas-

ing daily. The price for fresh receipts,

cases included, is now 200 per dozen.



Poultry.~rln this market there is little

change. the trade being quiet and steady.

t-xcept that chickens and hens are not

(tuite as strong as they were. Quotations

are: Spring chickens, 1.461150; hens, 1461

15c; turkeys. 10(1‘17c; geese, 11Q112c;

ducks, 14c; young ducks, 150 per lb. I



Vea|.——~\'eal is higher. Fancy, 116111150;

choice. 9c per lb.



Cheese.—.~\ll grades of cheese remain

steady. Michigan, September, 18V:@19c;

Michigan, late made, 171/2@18c; York

state, 196120c; limburger, 17(1119c; domes-

tic Swiss, 20/51323c; brick cream, 201172213

per lb. ‘



Fruits and Vegetables.



Cabbage—Steady; now selling at 31/261)

-ic per lb.



Onions—Higher; 82.2561230 per bu;

Spanish, $2.25 per small crate.



Apples.~—Trade is firm with prices

steady. Baldwins are selling at $3.25@

3.75; (.ireenings. 832561250; Spies, 353.5001)

((14; Ben Davis, $2612.50 per barrel.



OTHER MARKETS.





Grand Rapids.



The potato market is easier this week

and the prices paid at leading points

range from $1011.20. Shippers report

plenty of cars now, but the movement is

rather light on account of the lchr turn

in prices. They look, for better prices a

little later on and pictlict at least $1.25

to the farmer. Eggs are worth 18611310,

jobbcrs to country merchants, and dairy

butter 21c. Live poultry is quoted as

follows: Fowls, 13c; turkeys, 180; ducks,

Hc: geese, 10c. Greenhouse men are get—

ting 10c for lettuce wholesale. Hay, loose

in loads, is selling for $186,122 per ton.

(train prices are as follows: \Vheat, 95c;

rye, 82c; oats. 58c: corn, 770.





New York.



ittttetnub'ith a steadily widening dc-

mand encouraged by the lower quotations

prevailing tltc past few weeks. butter is

now in a slightly stronger position and

quotations are higher. Creamery special,

.‘Hlfic; extras, 34c; firsts, 321/2Q1/33v‘3c;

packing stock, current make, N0. 2, 231:;

(«12k per lb.



ltlggsfiA healthy demand rescued the

trade from falling to a lower level and

put prices higher than a week ago. Quo-

tations arc: Fresh gathered extras, 221/2

111211c; firsts, (10., 22(11221/20; seconds, (10..

201,3712033c: western gathered whites, 22

f11221c pcr dozen



l‘titultry.—v.\live—Market is fair. \Vest-

ctrn chickens, 130: fowls, 14((1141/3c; tur-

keys, 156120c pcr lb. Dressed~~trade is

quiet. Fresh killed fowls, 141,12Q117c; tur-

keys, 1401220 per lb.





Chicago.



“heat—No. 2 red, $1.03@1.041/§5; May.

81.0314“ .luly. 517-“..c.



Corn—No :1, 7591261760; May, 76”.

July, 7510c per bu.



Oats—No. 2 white. 561§@57c; 3

Stine; .luly, SO‘Qc per bu,



llarley.»——.\Ialting grades, 81.100138 per

bu; feeding, Tim 80c.



Bttttei'.wLiglitcr reCcipts have given this

market a strong undertone, resulting in

:1 2c advance in creamcries and a gain of

1c in dairies. Quotations, are: Cream-

crics. 2116132c: dairies, 210: 28c.



l‘iggS.’*Ji‘i‘(’ wl-ck opened with the heav-

iest receipts cf‘ the year although consid-

erably short of those for the same period

a year ago. \\'ith spcculators taking a

large part of the. offerings the market is

holdug up \\t-ll. the only price change be-

ing a {gc decline in the lower grades.

Quotations: Firsts. 1113,,c; ordinary firsts.

18l33fl11llc per dozen; at mark, cases in—

t-liitlctl, 18km.



l‘.ttatoes. )larkct quiet with a weak-

ening tcndcncy in cvidcnce due to the big

inci‘casc in cffcrings. Prices have de-

clined 10c since this time last week.

Michigan and Minnesota stock now quot-

cd at 113201137. pcr bu; Wisconsin, $1.30

0/].35.



iit‘ltllR.~~r\(‘llVP and tirm with red kid—

ncys showing an advance. Quotations:

l’ea beans. choice hand—picked. $2.05 per

bu: prime. 3230013; red kidntiys, $22.50





\C,

1313',





(112.00.



flay and Strawwall kinds of hay high—

er. liye and wheat straw also show an

advance. ’l‘imothy. choice. 820500120: No.





1, $211125: No. 2 and No, 1 mixed, $22.50

(1123.30: No, .‘l and No. 2 mixed, 8170120310:

cloycn', 820/1122; alfalfa. choice, 825504120:

No. 1, $2M12o. Straw—Jiye, $06110; oat,

$04110: wheat. S's/1111.





BOston.



\\.001."*,l1ll(“1'l‘ has been a fair amount

of trading the past week. This. however,

consisted mostly t'f foreign wools, domes-

tic grades bcing scarce. The shipment of

wool from Boston from] Jan. 1 to April 4

inclusive. amounted to 71.088.501 lbs. as

compared with 58.301,471 lbs. for the cor—

responding period in 1011. The receipts

for the same period were 60,000.01?» lbs

for 1912 and 01,080,203 lbs. for 1011. The

attitude of congress toward the wool tar—

iff appears'to give some uncertainty to

the market and buyers are being a littln

more cautious about taking offerings. Fol—

lowing are the leading domestic quota-

tions for fleeces: Ohio and Pennsylvania

fieeces—Dclaine washed, 30@31c; XX, 28c:

fine unmerchantable, 23c; %'b100d comb-

ing. 261/2@27c; {Vs-blood combing, 28c; 1/4-





blood combing, 27@28c; delaine unWashed,

256.02%; fine unwashed, 21c. Michigan,

\Visconsin and New York fleeces—Fine

unwashed, 100; de-laine unwashed, 23c:

1,é—blood unwashed. 26c. Kentucky, Indi-

ana and Missouri—inabloud, 27@230; ‘A‘

blood, 270.

Elgin.



Button—Market firm at 320 per 1b., an

advance of 20 over the price of the pre-

vious week.





THE LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





Buffalo.

April 8, 1912.

(Special Report of Dunning & Stevens,

New York Central Stock Yards,

East Buffalo, New York).



Receipts of stock here today as follows:

Cattle. 110 cars; hogs, 50 double decks;

sheep and lambs, 70 double decks; calves,

1.4th head. .



With 140 loads of cattle on our market

herc today, and only 20,000 reported in

Chicago. our market was strong and ac-

tive from start to finish, at 1M125c per

cwt. over last. wcek's prices. Everything

was well cleaned up at the close, and

feeling steady for the near future. The

milker and springer trade still continues

very bad; almost impossible to dispose of

common kind at any kind of satisfactory

price.



'\\'e quote: Best 1,400 to 1,600-lb. steers

87.836.18.25; good prime 1,300 to 1.400-lb.

steers, $7.50@7.85; do. 1,200 to 1.300-lb.

do.. 80,75017AO; best 1,100 to 1,200-lb. ship-

ping stcers, $6.75f417.10; medium butcher

steers, 1.000 to 1.100, $5.7561625; light

butcher steers, $5.40415.85; best fat cows,

$3.23((ts'1.751 fair to good do. 84.25415; com—

mon to medium do.. $3.50614; trimmers,

82.50013: best fat heifers, $(ift16.:’10; good

do, 83(«130; fair to good do., $175616;

stock heifers, $1414.23; best feeding steers

dehornetl, $5015.25; common feeding steers

$4614.25; stockers. all grades. $350614;

prime export bulls, 85.50010; best butch-1r

bulls, 84.750525; bologna bulls, $4614.50;

stock bulls, $325614; best milkers and

springer-s, $401130; common to good (‘10.,

115250130.



\\ ith 710 cars of hogs on sale today, and

a good demand, market opened 10611-30

higher than Saturday‘s average, on all

grades: the bulk of the good quality scll--

ing at $5.13: some ordinary kinds down

to $8.10. Light stuff, $7.75((18.25 as to

weight and quality. Pigs, $7.25617.50;

roughs, $7.25fi17.;’10; stags. $5.5061625. ()ttr

market closed about steady on all grades

of good hogs, but not enough demand to

clean up the pigs; some of this kind go-

ing over unsold.



The lamb market was active today;





mcst of the choice lambs selling for.





$8.75; fcw at $8.153. Look for little lower

prices for tomorrow, as there is quite a

few reported back of a wreck, holding at

Cleveland. Think will sell around 8833000

8.00 the. balance of the week according to

the run. The sheep market was active;

prices about 17m higher than last wee-k.

.l’rospcrts steady.



\\'e quote: Best lambs, $8.7Mi»8.85; cull

to common do.. 86.50418; wethers, $6.40@

6.05: bucks. 835061175; ycarlings, $7011

$7.75: handy ewes, $6fi16.25; heavy ewes,

$0010.25: cttll sheep. 833061430; veals.

choice to extra, 80.50615175; fair to good

do., $8010: heavy calves, $4.504j1.‘5.50.



Chicago.

April 8, 1012.

Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.

lleccivcd today ...... 18.000 42,000 10.000

Sumt- day last year..30,3ti8 48,052 21,103

ltetinctl last week..40,880 104,135 88.777

Same week last ycar.4.'>,7tilt 128,580 73,613



Huce more there, is a meager Monday

cattle supply. following a week’s receipts

of t-chptionally small proportions, and

prices for butcher stock are 10(1115c high-

er. while bccf steers are strong to 10c

higher, with a marked scarcity of choice

ilt‘eVCS. floss are less active than usual,

prices titling 3c lower, with sales at,

87.450170?) for light and prime heavier

lots going at $8.1’igs sell at $71.3?1017511).

llogs rccechd last week averaged 221

lbs. compal'ctl “till 2151 lbs. a wtek ear-

lier. 211 lbs. early in January, 237 lbs. :1

year ago and 228 lbs. two years ago.

Sheep and ycarliugs of the best grade ate

remarkably scarce, and not cnough pritnt-

lantbs arc off'crcd. Hwncrs are trying to

obtain as high as $8.40. but none have

sold above $8.25.!tt’1ccipts of sheep and

iamb< cast of here- and at Missouri river

tnaikcts are very small.



(‘attlc were in only moderate general

demand last week. but the receipts were.

so small that considcrably higher avervttze

prices prevailed during th‘e first half of

the wcek. Stockmcn had figured that the.

demand would not reach largo propor-

tions and shipped in fewer cattle for this

rcason, while the floods in various sec-

tions also tended to turtail the supplies.

Later in the \yt-ck the demand became

slack. and prices reacted. carly advances

being lost. Cattle have. been bringing

much higher prices than in most former

years, however. whether values were. up

or down. with the bulk of the beef steers

going at 80.5041813. The extreme range

for steers was 853.45.718.70. medium grade

cattle fetching $7417.30, good steers $7.00

(118 and choice to fancy beeves $8.10 and

upwards. The best yearlings brought

$8.25. and cows and heifers had an out-

lt-t at s1.13m7.80. bttt very few sales took

place above $7. Canners sold at $223611

11.40. cutters at 834361110 and bulls at

$3.:70fi1070 High prices prevailed for

stockers and feeders, although many feed

lots tended to check the demand. Stock-

ers sold at 5113.7501010, with few sales be-

low $4.50. while, feeders sold usually at

871.7001 0.7.0. prime feeders being quoted at

$0.70, and stock heifers at $3.85m4.1}0. The

calf market was active on the whole at

$3.506:8.73 per 100 lbs.. and milkers and

springers had a good demand from east—

ern dairies. sales being made at $35fi‘170

per head. The demand centered, as us-

ual, on good fresh cows. with backward

springers selling largely to killers. The

outlook is favorable for finished beef cat-

tle, as it is well known that there is an





19





APRIL 13, 1912.





unusual scarcity of young cattle in feed-

ing districts. everywhere, and few farm-

ers are offering any desirable feeder cat-

le for‘ sale, realizing that before long

there will be an abundance of gross, en—

abling them to make beef cheaply.



. Hogs sold at $8 and a little above that

figure last wcek,~so that predictions made

months ago that hogs would advance to

$8 were Vcrified at last. Of course, there

were reactions, but sentiment was bullish

and it will be strange if more stock feed-

ers are not encouraged to feed their hugs

to a finish. Feed is dear, but so are hogs,

and they are paying well for their board

and promise to for months to come. The

eastern shippers continue to compete with

local killers for the best droves, and the

current receipts are running extremely

high in quality. The bulk of the offerings

sell within a spread of from lofailfic, and

they go very near daily top quotations.

Light weights. averaging around 185 to

1115 lbs. are good sellers and bring not far

from extreme top values. Hog receipts

have been much smaller in volume than

a short time ago, and it is thought that

they will run along light, in numbers until

after the spring rush of work on farms

is well over. Provisions are in firm posi-

tion, in sympathy with hogs. and they

are selling much higher than a year ago,

with a seasonable demand for salted

meats to ship south.



Sheep and yearlings were scarce articles

last week. the daily receipts being made

up mostly of lambs. Prices continued to

rule very high, being greatly in advance

of values seen earlier in the season, when

there was a rush to market stock from

feed lots in the region tributary to Chi-

cago, and prime lambs sold especially

high, as usual. Feeding and shearing

lambs were in good demand at Vt-l‘y high

prices, not many being available, and the

percentage of shorn- flocks showed fur—

ther marked gains. Light and handy—

weight lambs were prime avoritcs. these

being wanted for the Easter trade. Sheep

and lamb receipts at other western and

eastern markets were apt to be light in

Volume, and this tended to strengthen the

Chicago market. \\'ooled lambs sold frcc-

1y during the week at 355.50.418.23 for culls

to prime, while yearlings advanced to

$ti.t30(117.40, wethers to 5.5.7.001 0.1.1 and

ewts to $3 50616.50. with- bucks selling

at 34.50.115.50 and feeding and shearing

lambs at $6617.27). l’rime shorn wethcrs

brought $0.25 and prime shorn ewes .80,

both advancing sharply.



Horses were active as usual last week,

with a good attendance of eastern buyers

and firm prices except for undesirable

animals, which were extremely hard to

sell, even at lowest possible rates. Farm

workers that weighed from 1.100 to 1,430

lbs. are wanted at 8100171200 per head,

with brecdy mares muclt preferred and

selling the highest. Chunks that weigh

from 1.250 to 1,450 lbs. are salable at $130

(It 200, wagoncrs at 3516061250. light draft—

crs at, 5517541225 and heavier and better

ones all the way up to 8275713225. E.





 





 





LIVE STOCK NOTES.





 





 





There is a very strong demand in the

Chicago horse market for the better class

of wagon horse-s, and these are selling

particularly well. lecentl-y a light gray

wagoncr that was not much over 1,200

lbs. in weight brought $220, and at about

the same time there was a sale of a pair

of attractive appearing little 1.200-lb.

grays, not very fine in looks, but smart

of step and of the right ages. at $380. as

good a price as has been paid for a long

period.



"lowa will need a lot of cattle when-

ever feed becomes plentiful," says I). D.

Cutler, general agent of the Chicago &

Northwestern Railroad. "l’rospects are

for luxuriant grass and a good crop sea-

son. but the whole state! is sliort of cattle,

and the replacement process promises to

be expensive. Feed lots have been well

cleaned up and, owing to scarcity of

roughage, thousands of stockers have

been sent to Kansas City during the- win—

ter for disposal. .\11 through the state f

can detect corn, but roughage is scarce

and cattle are few. Stockers would have

starved to death in the average stalk

field the past winter, and hay was too

high to lilltlxt‘ feeding profitable. Just as

sot n as grass rises, there will dtyelop an

cxcitcd ti‘arlc in young cattle. both at

()maha and Kansas City, and whence the

cattle. needed are coming from puzzles

mc.’



The aggregate surply of all kinds of

unsold \\‘ll'li in the l‘nitcd Statcs at the.

present tinic is rcportcd to be 118.013.7171

lbs.. compared V'llll 101321.200 lbs. a year

ago, The supply of' domcstic \\'((l1 shows

a decrcasc of 140.110.2110 lbs. from the sup-

ply of a ycar ago. 'l‘hc- supply of foreign

wool is smallti by 7.101.183 lbs. than at

the beginning of 11111. ’l‘lu- total wool

supply i.-—: 151011711123 lbs. 11;;rs than last

ycar,



Set-rotary "lurk-s (tray, of the Ameri-

can J‘lrf'l'tlt‘t‘ll-\llflllS lirt-tdcrs‘ Associa-

tion, says his obscryation of the pure—

brctl cattle industry leads him to believe

the lime is at hand for a big rcvival in

the demand for good pure—bred sires. He

says: “We haVc more inquiries for good,

pure—bred Angus bulls this season than

in any recent years, and the same is true

of the demand in the wcst. That the de-

ntand is growing is plainly shown by in—

creased t‘ausfers in the registration of

Angus cattle.”



A sign of the advance of agriculture

and stock raising in the newly developed

regions cf the far west was furnished

recently by the arrival in the South 0m-

aha stock yards of a consignment of a

car load of prime hogs shipped from the

newly settled portion (\f \Vyomi‘ng. The

hogs averaged 259 lbs in weight and

topped the market. They were of the

Poland-China breed and there Were 77. of

them, all showing good quality and fat.

and they were fairly uniform. They

were raised and fattened on alfalfa. corn

and barley, and there was nothing to dis-

tinguish them from Nebraska or Iowa

corn-fed swine.





 





 





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THIS Is THE‘FIBST EDITION.

— In the first edition the Detroit um





stock markets are reports or last week





all other market? are right up to date.

Thursday's Detroit lee Stock markets

are given in the last edition. The first

edition is mailed Thursday, the last edi-

tion Friday morning. The first edition Is

mailed to those who care more to get the

paper early than they do for Thursday 5

Detroit Live Stock market report. You

may have any edition desired. Subscrib-

ers may change from one edition to an-p

other by dropping us a card to that eflect.





DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





Thursday's Market.



April 4, 1912.

Cattle.

Receipts. 1,260. Bulls 25c lower; all oth-

er grades steady.



\"c quote: Extra dry-fed steers and

heifers, $7607.25; steers. and'heifers, 1,000

to 1,200, $6606.75; do. 800 to 1,000, $52564)

6; do. that are fat, 500 to 700, $46125; chOICe

fat cows, $5616.25; good (10.. 342565475;

common cows, 532561350; canners, $2@3;

choice heavy bulls, $5; fair to good b0—

lognus, bulls, $4@4.75; stock bulls, $3.506:l

4.25; milkers, large, young. medium age,

$406150; common milkers. $2063.30.



toe Com. Co. sold Newton B. Co. 18

steers av 1,204 at $7, 3 do av 1.087 at $7.

2 do av 1,045 at $6.50, 1 cow weighing 740

at $2.25, 1 do weighing 1.210 at $4.50, 15

steers av 987 at $6.25, 15 do av 1.020 at

$6.25, 3 do av 1.150 at $6.75, 10 do av 72

at $5.50, 11 butchers av 815 at $5.50. 2

cows av 810 at $4: to Sullivan P. Co. 1

canner weighing 780 at $3; to Thompson

Bros. 3 butchers av 757 at $4.50.



Bishop, B. & ll. sold Bresnahan 3

butchers av 666 at $5.35, 3 do av 647 at

. , 2 do av 635 at $4.50; to Hammond.

S. & Co. 5 cows av 776 at $3.25, 1 do

weighing 830 at $4.50. 1 bull weighing 890

at $4.50, 1 cow Weighing 740 at $3, 5 do

av 1,044 at $71.60, 2 Stcers av 600 at $5.50,

3 bucks av 900 at $4.80, 3 cows av 1.110 at

$4.20. 10 butchers av 906 at $4.50, 3 cows

av 920 at $3.50; to Newton 1;. Co. 1:)

steers or 813 at $6.25. 2 do av 1,210 at $7,

4 do av 1,265 at $8, 4 do av 970 at $6.25,

14 do av 980 at $6.25, 12 do av 903 at

$6.20. 5 canners av 026 at $3, 1 cow weigh—

ing 1,060 at $4.50, 1 do weighing 1,000 at

$5. 1 bull weighing 1.320 at $5.50, 2 cows

av 1,010 at $3, 2 do av 970 at $4.25, 5 can-

ners av 840 at $3; to Parker. \\'. & Co.

2 canners av 975 at $3.25, 3 cows nv 1.083

at $4 25, 2 bulls av 1.325 at $4.75, 4 cows

av 735 at $3.25. 11 do av 958 at $4.50, 20

steers av 1.057 at $7.15. 1 bull weighing

1,300 at $5, 1 do weighing 1.100 at $4.75.

5 cows av 948 at $4, 3 bulls av 1,320 at

$4.75, 10 steers av 628 at $5, 3 butchers av

883 at $4. .



Spiccr & R, sold Kammzin 2 cows av

1.210 at 64.75-1 steer weighing 880 .it

‘5.75, 1 cow weighing 1.110 at $4. 7 stecrs

av 831 at $5.75, 8butchers av 820 at $4.75,

1 bull weighing 930 at $4.75, 4 cows av

1,042 at $3.65; to Hammond. S. 8.: Co. 1

cow weighing 740 at $3.10, 4 do av 1.050

at $4.10, 1 do weighing 790 at $3.10, 8 do

av 1.020 at $4.10, 6 steers av 986 at $6.15;

to Patterson 1 cow weighing 770 at $3.60,

1 do weighing 700 at $3.35. 2 do av 725 at

$3.50; to Fry 2 butchers av 830 at $5.50. 2

cows av .065 at $4.25; to Parker, 11'. & Co.

21 butchers av 856 at $5.50; to Kull 9 do

av 800 at $5; to Nagle 1‘. Co. 22 steers av

1,160 at $6.55; to Fry 1 cow weighing 1,060

at $4.50, 3 heifers av 573 at $5; to Kull

7 butchers av 664 at $4: to Sullivan P. Co.

1 cow weighing 1,060 at $3.25; to Mich. B.

Co. 10 butchers av 818 at $4.75; to New-

ton B, Co. 5 do av 840 at $5.65, 1 cow

weighing 900 at $4.50.



Haley & M. sold Parker. 11'. & Co. 5

butchers av 628 at $5; to Breitenbcck 17

do nv 825 at $5.50. 2 cow and bull av 1,085

at $4.50; to Kamman 11 steers av 870 at

$6.25, 6 do av 753 at $5.25; to Nagle 1’.

Co. 4 do av 1.097 at $6.65; to Mich. B. CO.

2 cows av 1,000 at $4.50. 4 do av 952 at

{3.50, 1 do weighing 1,330 at $5, 1 hclter

weighing 710 at $5, 1 do weighing 600

at $1.



Adams sold Mich. 13. Co. 15 butchers av

756 at $5.25.



Merritt sold Parker. 1V. & Co. 2 cows

av 900 at $3.50, 2 bulls av 1.245 at $4.75,

4 cows av 822 at $3.75, 1 steer weighing

1.090 at $6.50.



Weeks sold Sullivan P. Co. 4 butchers

av 882 at $5.80, 1 cow “'vfglling 830 at $3.

Veal Calves.



Receipts. 884. Marth active at last

week’s prices. Best, 88.77.610.50; others,

$4618; milch cows and springers, COIanII



grades. very dull.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Goose 5 av 125 at

$6, 11 av 120 at $6; to Hammond. S. & Co.

10 av 146 at $9, 20 av 120 at $8.75, 3 11v

100 at $6, 9 av 140 at $0. 1 weighing 130

at $9.50; to Parker, 1V. & Co. 13 av 135

at $9, 2 av 145 at $6. 14 av 135 at $7.75,

5 av 125 at $9.50, ’13 av 130 at $2), 20 av

115 at $2, 9 av 150 at $9: to Sullivan 1’.

Co, 7 av 110 at $6. 9 av 150 at $9, 14 av

155 at $9: to Newton 8, Co. 9 av 140 at

$0; to (loose 5 av 125 at $8.50; to Goose

13 av 1.40 at $7; to Thompson Bros, 26 av

1.20 at $6.75; to Burnstinc 24 av 135 at $9;

to Hammond, S. & Co. 10 av 133 at $9, 2

av 140 at $9; to Parker, \V, & C0. 31 av

145 at $7, 3 av 165 at $4.



Spicer & R. sold Newton R. Co. 3 av

275 at $5, 14 av 120 at $6.50; to Mich. B.

(lo. 3 av 110 at $8.25, 3 av 110 at $7, 13

av 140 at $0, 2 av 105 at $7. 23 av 130 at

$8.75 7 av 1.45 at $9: to Thompson Bros.

1 weighing 170 at $6.50, 6 av 155 at $8.50.



Chase sold Parker, 11’. & Co. 9 av 138

at $9.25.



Haley & M. sold Parker. \V. & Co. 7 av

186 at $7.50, 11 av 130 at $8.75.



Sandell & T. sold Mich. R. Co. 23 av

140 at $7.75.



Lovewcll sold Burnstinc 8 av 200 at $6,

18 av 140 at $8.



Sheep and Lambs.





Receipts, 3,316. Market slow at Wed-





nesday’s prices; about 10c lower than last

week. Best lambs, $8; fair to good lambs

$6.50@7.25; light to common lambs, $5.50

$6.50@6.75;





6116; yearlings. fair to good





 





 

 

 





sheep, $5@5.50; culls and common, $8@4.



Spicer & R. sold 1‘ Bros. 2.

sheep av 105 at $5; to Kull 30 lambs av

55 at $6.50; to Newton B. Co. 12 do av 70

at $7.50, 1211, do av 70 at $7.50.



Kalaher sold Mich. B. Co.

lambs av 62 at $12.50.



Bishop, B. &. H. sold Parker, W. & Co.

69 lambs av 75 at $7.75; to Thompson

Bros. 12 sheep av 85 at $5, 3 do av 80 at

$3; to Sullivan 1’. Co. 15 lambs av 55 at

$5.75, 18 do av 50 at $5.75; to Gauss 438

do av 88 at $8; to Breitenbeck 76 do av

65 at $7.50; to Barlage 10 do av 74 at

$7.50, 19 do av 58 at $7. 8 do av 55 at $6,

20 do av 60. at $7, 17 do av 60 at $6; to

Young 25 do av 80 at $7.75, 67 do av 80

at $7.75, 30 do av 85 at $7.75; to Mich. B.

CO. 23 do av 75 at $7.50. 23 do av 77 at

$7.40, 48 sheep av 100 at $3.50, 18 lambs

av 75 at $7, 53 do av 60 at $6.65; to Ham-

mond, S. & C0. 31 do av 70 at $5.75; to

Fitzpatrick Bros. 16 sheep av 105 at $5.25,

21 d0 av 100 at $5.40.~



ans.



Receipts, 3.672. None sold up to noon;

look 10c lower than \Vednesday, or about

steady with last week’s close.



Range of prices: Light to good butch-

ers. 33780611785; pigs, $675617; light york-

ers, 3760611715; stage one—third off.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Parker, XV, & Co.

210 av 180 at $7.85, 35 av 165 at $7.55, 540

av 170 at $7.80, 21.5 av 130 at $7.50.



Splccr & R. sold Hammond, S. & C0. 245

av 105 at $7.85, 21.0 av 150 at $7.80, 140 av

163 at $7.55.



Haley & M. sold same 250 av 190 at

$7.85, 254 av 175 at $7.80, 165 av 160 at

$7.75.



toe Com. Co. sold Sullivan P. Co. 155

av 190 at $7.35, 160 av 175 at $7.80, 85

av 160 at $7.75.





42 spring





 





Friday’s Market.

April 5, 1912.

Cattle.





Receipts this week. 1.731; last week,





THE MICHIGAN FARMER;





 





 





1,522. Good grades steady; common and

bulls dull at 'l‘hursday's dcclinc.



“’e quote: Best steers and heifers, $7

607.50; steers and heifers. 1.000 to 1,200.

$6606.75; do, 800 to 1,000, $525606; do. that

are fat, 500 to 700. $46“); choice fat cows,

$5: good fat cows, 6425611475; common (10.,

$3.25@3.50; canners, $26173; choice heavy

bulls. $4.75; fair 10 good bologna bulls,

$4664.50; stock, bulls, $350654; mllkers,

large, young, medium age, $40@50; com-

mon mllkers, $206130.



Veal Calves.





Receipts this week, 1,640; last week,

1,294. Market 506L750 lower than on

Thursday. Best, 58.506139; others, $4@8.





Milch cows and springers dull.

Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts this week, 4,564; last week,

3.702. Market dull, common straw stack

lambs without {at very hard to sell and

go at very unsatisfactory prices. Best

lambs, $7.75@8; fair to good lambs, $6.50

((17.25; light to common lambs, $56176;

yearlings, $6.50@6.75; falr to good sheep,

$5655.50; culls and common, $3@'4; spring

lambs, $10@12.



Hogs





Receipts thls week. 6.920; last week,

5.985. Market for best grades 50 higher;

others steady at Thursday’s prices.



tange of prices: Good butchers, $7.85

6117.90; pigs, 36.756117; light mixed, $7.706;l

7.80; roughs, $7697.10; stags onc-thlrd ol’f.





 





Lamb wool has been selling in the feed

lots near Chicago at: 21 to 22 cents per

pound, with sales of Mcrino yearling

wether wool at 16 cents, prices ruling

from three to live.- cents higher than a

year ago. Constracts have been made

in l‘tah for wool, none selling above 18

cents, and limited amounts have been

contracted cast of the Cascades ln Ore-

gon at 14 to 16 cents. Not much has been

done in Montana and Wyoming, flock-

masters not caring to accept less than 20

cents.



Sheep and yearlings were scarce arti-

cles last week. the daily receipts being

made up mostly of lambs. Prices contin—

ued to rule very high, being greatly in

advance of values seen earlier in the sea-

son, when there was a rush to market

stock from feed lots in the region tribu-

tary-to Chicago, and prime lambs sold

especially high, as usual. Feeding and

shcaring lambs were in good demand at

very high prices, not many being avail-

able, and the percentage of shorn flocks

showed further marked gains. Light and

handy—weight lambs were prime favor-

ites, these being wanted for the Easter

trade. Sheep and lamb receipts at other

western and eastern markets were apt

to be light in volume. and this tended

to strengthen the Chicago market. \Vool—

ed lambs sold freely during the week at

965.50.678.25 for culls to prime, while year—

lings adv need to 5566060740. wethers to

$5.50@0.4n and owes to 335062650, with

bucks selling at $47506i5.50 and feeding

shorn wethers brought $6.25 and prime

and shearing lambs at $6607.25. Prime

shorn eWes $6, both advancing sharply.





HAY—:Wlllfilf—ll—AY





Farmers and shippers. write to us for prices.





John L. Dexter 6: Co., Detroit, Mich.

ESTABLISHED 1%.





Split and Culled Beans for Sale,





$20 Per Ton,

sacks included, I. o. b. Detroit. Send us samples of

your heavy icked and wot ea beans.

CHI AN FABME ELEVATOR C0..

N0. 983 Junctlon Ave. Detrolt. Mich.





We Want "11681le





. We get the top price on consignments. make

liberal advancements and prompt remittances.





Daniel IlcCallrey’s Sons Co.





PITTSBURG, PA





Reference. Washington Trust Company, or any bulk in city





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 





.~¢-,. ‘





or... .;. .» . ..





‘ V





Those good old-fashioned





nails cut from refined iron and

heavily coated with pure zinc are





ZINC COATED NAILS





Shingles nailed to the weather strips 01

roofs with M. I. F. Co. Nails thirty years ago had

0_ be replaced. but the nails ware in as good con-

:lltion as the day the carpenter hammered them in.





From ten to twelve pounds ofpure zinc is

used In the manufacture of each hundredweight of

M. I. F. Co. Nails. The zinc makes them r00!

agamstthe rava es of frost. sleet. snow an rain

and all other a verse climate conditions—even

the attack: of salt sea. air.





It costs more to make M. I. F. Co. Nails

than it does common " galvanized " nails, and they

cost.the consumer a trifle more. butthey add ex-

ceptional value to a building by insuring greater

endurance.





You should Imow all about M. I. F. Co. Nails

and the dealer who sells them in your neighbor-,



ood. Hu gem} and our instructive book. " Nail

Knowledge. WI" be sent free upon request.





Malleable Iron Fittings Co.





Dept. G, Branford. Conn.





 





 

   

 

 

 

 





Amulng “DETROIT" Karo-en. Engine

shipped an ill days' FREE Trial, prom

kerosene Chen an, safest. mon pow»-

ful fuel. If It Iliad, pay lowest prlco

ever elven on reliablr farm entlne; I!

not. pay nothing. No waste, no ovnpo-

ration. no explosion from coal oil.





Gasoline Golng Up!



Guollne is 9cm15chigher than

coal oil. Still going up. Two

plnts of coal oil do work of three I '

pints gasoline. '





Amazing “DETROIT"





~only engine running on coal

oil successfully ; uses alcohol. gus-

oIIuennd benzine, too. Startswith- , - , - '

out cranking. Only three moving ' inderlcan-

parts—no came—no IprocketI—no ' notonrbonlza

gears—no valves—the utmost In nlmpllelly, power and strength.

Mounted on Ikldl. All sizes. 2 to 20 h. p.. in stool: ready to

Ihlp. Engine tested before cratlnx. Comes all ready to run.

Pumnl, saws. thrash". chm-m. caper-to: mllk. zrindl food,

uli‘ells corn. run: home electric lightlngplanl. Prion! (dripped).

$29.50 up. Sent any place on 16 days' Free Trlnl. Don't

buv an unfine till you invaullzate monoy-uvlnx. power-loving

D3130 .” Thounnd- In uae. Colts only postal to find out.

If you are first In your neighborhood In write. you get Special

Extra-Low Introductory price. Write! ’ (





Detroit Engine Works.149 Bollevue Ave" Detroit, Mlgll:





 





I Cyl-





 





Use It Thirty Days Free





Write for Information about our Improve





GASDLENE Enema“





   

 





   





_ Write for Facts regarding

our new Slow Speed, High

Duty Engine. burning gas.

guolono. Kerosene or dlsllllalo.

Write for the Facts about

the engine that gets up-to-

datepowerfromevery quart.

oi tuel—one thathas the rec-

ord for lowest upkeep cost.

J 7—that is the quickest and

- easiest starter-has least. vibra-

llllllll'. . itiogiITJomc: lubrication. stead-

es wer. east; » -

Mail us your name and address gflgfilm.

today. glvmg us the size of engine you need

and the use you Will put it to. We make 1}

to 5} hp. single cylinder engines; 0 to 20 11.x).

two cylinder: 30 to 60 h. p. four cylinder

grtélecggglofionggur part In demanded to get thls

. OI)

Investigate the rue-3.582525% ammo an“! you

Temple Pump 00.. 457 W. lslh St, Chicago .

Till. I. OUR 60“! YEAR -





   





   

   

 

 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

   

 

 





   

   

 

 





 

   





 

 





 





 





(as) 457 .





 

 

 





 





Lot II»

lloVo Do the

Ilard Work





and save your

sell. your men.

a n d v o u 1'

horses. A

Novo will do



It b e t I e l'

quicker. and

more econom-

ically. Made

in from i to 10

HP. it is the

lightest engine

[or the power de-

veloped. Readily

portable. The Novo is easv to under-

stand. start and run. Picture shows the

whole outfit — entirely self contained.





“The

Enable

for

every

put-note"

Send for Novo Catalog and convince

out-sell It's the one engine for your

arm.

Ill!" ENGINE 00.. 01mm E. Ilemonl.

Soc‘y and Sam Mgr.





213 llilow Sl.,Iansing Mlch





 

 

   

   

 

   

 

   

   

   





   

   

   





 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 





 

 





 





$17...

$39.":





FIRMS ‘IIIn FIRM unus'

Fllll SALE on ExclllllBE





UR SALE by owner 40 A., good for dzllrring. Church.

school, store and cream station 16 mile, (mod build.

lugs and well. R. E. Crawford. R. 3. Fremont, Mich.





iifimeana, greatest fruit 00. in 1!. S

we sell Farms also graln, ntatoon. alfalfa, dalrylng

Write for list. eta. HAN 0N & SON. Hart. Mich.





FARMS WANTED—X? Elgnllflnllye’driami

scribing property. naming lowest rice. We help buy-





ers locate desirable pro erty FRE . American invest-

ment Assoclatlon. 31’“ ace Bldg. Minneapolis. Minn.





MICHIGAN FARMS





40 A.. all cleared flue house and burn. wlnd mill,

lt‘wl. $2500. $1000 own. balance out-w. (lthcm. (Patn-

Ioguc I'rcc. EVANS-HULT (30.. Fremont. Mich.





Beautifully Illustrated Booklol 2.2222“ fiell‘flfi‘plél‘.’

luscious peaches. strawberries. and of ideal homes

Address State Board or Agrlculture. Dover. Delaware





FOR FARMS IN NEW YORK STATE

and in 21 other States. East. West and South. add roan,

or call on. B. F. McBURNEY III 00.. 703 Fisher Bldg.

Uhlcago, 1”,, or 309 Bastable Block. Syracuse. N. Y.





when you can buy

the Beat Land in

Michigan at from

‘7 to $12 an acre





near Saginaw and Bay City. erto for um and par-

ticulars. Clear title and easy‘ terms. Sta 6 d Bron,

(owners) 15 Merrill Bldg . Bnglnaw. W. B. Mlchlgan.





Rich 80 Acre Farm





And Lakeside Home.



40 acres in hlgh state of cultivation In Mlchignu.

balance in pasture and woodland; borders beuutil‘ul

lakergood opportunity for fruit raising and general

furnnng: 1% miles to railroad; only 2) mlles to city

of 12.000: 800d cottage house. 40150 basement barn.

convenient outbuildln I: used owner retlrln . price

only $3; ‘ . hull cash. or instructions to see t NH and

anotherbl) wtth brick dwelllng for only 82000. 890

gage 47 “Money-Making Farms", 00 3' free. “(I



3y buyers' railroad fares. Station 101, ll}. A. B’I‘ BOUT

FARM AGENCY, 407 South Dem-born 80.. Chicago. Ill.





FOR INFORMATION AS TO LANDS IN





' The Nation’s

Garden Spot-





‘I'IIA'I' GREAT FRUIT AND TRUCK

GROWING SECTION-

along the





Atlantic Coast Line

RAILROAD '





in Virginia, North and South Carolina.‘

Georgia, Alabama and Florida, write to

WILBUR MCCOY E.N.CLARK,

A. a I. AgMor Florida, A. a LAgt. foerrgInla

Alabama. Gawain, and the Carolina“,

Jacksonville, 8.. WIlmlngton. N. C.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 





 

 





 

 

 

 

 

   

 





There's Big Money

Umlcr Those Stumps!





100 avers e stumps ta . a up one acre—

prevent cu 'tivation and rob you of big-

ger rolita and a better-looking fnrm.

you ave a few stumps. or thousands,





Whether

y‘ou need and can afford to own the





f Mighty Monarch Steel Slump Puller





I Three times stronger than any other puller made. Pulls n

‘/ stump seven feet thick. Outwears three ordinary pullers.

,/ Stands 500.000~pound strain. Easiest. safest and qulckestto

{ operate. We own many exclusive features. ALL PATENTED.

erle Tod-y Ior Catalogue and

Rellablo Solo. Plan



Don't buy ANY stump puller until you

Md our book. Itglvaa “lnslde” hole

that will save you “mud money. Our

two standing Wen of 01.000 each will

Interest you. Write for the book today.





,ZIMMERMAN STEEL co.

. . Dept. an Lone Iron. ,





 





   

   

 

   

 

   

 





 





 





 





DOES IT ALL.

Works on an wagon

With any ma e loader.

Let your brains do your

work. Make more hay

With half the help. Also

' WIRE R 8 and

ROLLER BARROWQ. Write





JAS. G. BAILEY, Delavan, Ill.





   

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





GRAIN





ALBERTA’S cnop





Reports from the gram fields of Alberta,

' estern Canada, show splendid

yields of wheat, oats and

barley.



Many farmers have paid

for their land out of the pro«

ceeds of thecrop of 1911.



At exhibitions throughout

the U. S, wherever the ram

from this Provmce has een

shown it has received the

highest commendation.



Free Homestead: of 160 acres

and adjominggre-emptions of

160 acres(at per acre) are to

be had in the choicest districts.



Schools convenient, climate





 

 





 

 





(9)1





A Ii





   

   

 





 

 





lumber chea , fuel easy to get

and renoona Ie in_pnce, water

easxly procured, mixed farming

a great success.



Write as to best place for settlement,

Iettlere’ low ullwa rates, pamphlet

. "Last BeatWest,"an other Informatlon,

‘~ to tBaum. of lmmlztratlon. Ottawa. Cam.





W. C. MolNNES.

176 Jefferson Ave.. Detroit. Mich.

c. A. “DRIER. Marquette, Ilcl.





 





 





 





the M1 11 .

III-INTIoN m. ”assassin“ ""
458 (26)?





The Kimball





SHIPPED ON APPROVAL





 





 





 





 





WRITE TODAY for Beauti-

fully Illutsrated Catalog-— FREE





 

   

 

 





Pleasing

in 'l'one from

Childhood

to Old Age





' Before making the pur-

M's. Plano Buyer chase of a piano for your

home and children we are sure you will want to see our cata-

logue—you will want to know about our new plan of selling and

distributing our pianos direct from our factory and from our

various factory distributing points. Write us today for our





Money Saving Plan and Free Catalogues





and learn how easily you can secure the GENUINE Kim-

ball Piano at factory distributing prices and on terms to

suit your convenience. Monthly, quarterly or annual pay-

ments can be arranged.



We make every component part of the Kimball in our great

factories—recognized as the largest in the world—therefore

the financially strong guarantee of the House of Kimball is

back of EVERY part of EVERY Kimball Piano.





Valuable Features of the Kimball





Every essential feature of the good piano can be found in the

Kimball. together with several new and important inventions

of our own, such as our hermetically sealed metal covered

pin block—the heart of the piano-impervious to‘dampness,

unafiected by heat or cold. strings scientifically treated to pre-

vent rusting, and other valuable features that give the Kimball

that heirloom value and most splendid musical quality.

Your music will have a.

The Tone That Charms wonderful charm when

you play the Kimball. The marvelously sweet, bell-like tone

and elasticity of action interprets faithfully your every mood

and lingers long in the memory of everyone that hears it. if

you need a piano at all—and every home needs one—you want

a good one. A merely pretty case with no music in it will not

do. Secure at once the old reliable Kimball at FACTORY

distributing prices and on terms to suit your convenience.





. O

Kimball Player'P‘am

Shipped 0n Approval

There are very few persons who are not lovers of good music.

Unfortunately there have been buta limited number that could

produce it, but now with a Kimball Player-Piano. the young.

the old and even the feeble “indooor” people can play and

reproduce the "Grand Opera" at home. or play any and all of

the old-time songs or popular pieces. J

Why not let us send you a Kimball Player-Plano for your trial .

and inspection. You need not pay us one penny until .9

you have demonstrated its splendid musical value. ease

of operation, etc.





Free Approval Tent

our ‘6]: Stand “l: Freight

nvenient aymenle .‘ 0° ‘9

_G—l:____eat gldallmu” and Hefalkd Free .0. 6; ‘° '5' '

mtrumenta a on 0 ¢ 6.; 9

Offer in Exchange .0 Q: ”A4. '

Fill out the coupon below and send mic.

us today and get FREE our hand- I

some booklets and the Musical I 0 s . .

H eral d. containing two pretty .9 4} 3 $459- .' .'





 





 





songs words and music also 0 N 6‘9 0 .‘ .'

valuable piano information. .0. a? @‘v 5“ 9° ..' ..'

our prices and terms. .0 a: f in? . .‘ ‘

WRITE TODAY. .9 o 63. so?





o ’9 ° . .

w. w. KIMBALlio..§§Qc€:§ :4“) '.. 'l. J.-

CoMPANY .10.. ¢ «1‘; $2390 .3.





CHICAGO ’0 4' 41°53" s" g! 39" 4,-





 





 





 





Bread and Cake Cabinet





, you can keep bread for two

' 5 weeks with the flavor of baking

, day. The perfect ventilating sys-

tem prevents the bread from be-

coming stale and retains its pure

fresh flavor. The cabinet is

easily taken apart and cleaned.

Will pay for itself in bread saved.





 

 

 

 





 





30 days trial. If the dealer does not have

the Homo-Comfort Cabinet write us direct.

Price for family size 17 inches wide, 28 inches

high, 13%; inches deep, only $3 prepaid.

Address HOME COMFORT BREAD AND

CAKE CABINET (:0...

ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA,





 





 





Ready-Mixed Hollie & Barn





I'r PAINT.





‘e c'li'lo"w'r~4"i'—XTEP . .

1 _ Nm ,, Highest Quality



‘ is ever sold direct to the con-

lumer. All middlemen'a pro-

fitl Iaved.

Write for FREE Color Card,

Price List and Booklet. which

tells the whole story.





YUMA PAINT C0.

In E. Monument Arm. Dayton. ll.





 





 





Why Not Have The Best Light?





STEEL MANTLE BURNERS. Odor-

lees Smokeless. Make the home cheerful

and bright. Three times as much light. as

an ordinary burner. Every one guar-

anteed. Just what on need! If your

dealer doesn't keep hem send his name

and address with your name and address

and we will mail you as many as you wish

at 25¢ each. Alelents Wanted everywhere.

THE STEEL ANT LB LIGH CO.

344 Huron Street. Toledo. Ohio





CIDER PRESSES





The Original Mt. Gilead Hydraulic Prel-

produces more cider from less .

a les than anhother and is a

lfipt} MONEY AKEB. Sizes

10 to 400 barrels daily. Also





cider evaporators apple-

butter cookers, v i n e g a r





 





 





 





 

   

 





 

 

 

 

 





   





generators, eto.

CATALOGUE FREE.



{21‘ WEAULIO PRESS MPG. 00.



31 coln Av... It. Gilead. Ohio.





THE ~MICHIGAN FARMER.





\, I





 





 





 





 





 





l:=%





WcrNecde





At Home out} Elsewhere





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





&





Farm people rightfully may claim her.

for it was on a noble farm in a region of

noble farms that Jennie Buell was born

and spent her childhood and youth, a

place which embraced in its wide acres

strctches of woodland, and its generous

portion of one of those beautiful prairies

with which southern Michigan, as by

some happy accident of nature, is dotted.

This one was Little l’rairie ltonde in the

northern part of Cass county.



My memory holds a fair picture of that

old home where the But-HS lived until





 





their removal to Ann Arbor in 1892, with

its fine, spacious grounds and its long

wind-break of magnificent Norway

spruccs that gave to the form its name





 





of Greenwood.

it was a fine home life that was lived





I





 





X





Women Who Are Doing Things—N0. 8.





Jennie Buell.





to the youth’s department of The Grange

Visitor. Shortly after her return from

the west, Mr. J. T. Cobb, the editor, of—

fered her a position as his assistant,

whith place she has filled for five years.

Hc-rc she studied the history of the

Grange movement, and learned that

hearts all about her were- hungering for

the very things she herself longed for.

Meanwhile She had joined the C. L. S. C.

and had become interested in its club

work. She thus came to see the compen—

sations offered by the great “schools out

of school” for the disappointments of

those who have lacked the advantages of

colleges and universities. ,



Among Miss Buell’s many friends, after

her own family and a few of her most in-

timate personal acquaintances, perhaps





 





 





there, and a gracious hospitality that was

dispensed within those doors. The Buclls

always were prominent and influential,

and numbered among their friends and

neighbors a group of high-minded, intol-

lectual men and women, who gave to the

society of “The Prairie” an individuality

and flavor all its own.



Both Mr. and Mrs. BueIl——both charter

members, by the ’way, of one of the ear-

liest Granges organized in Michigan~

were pcrsous of strong, line character and

gave to their childrcn, three jolly boys

and three pretty, bright—faced girls, a

nalural heritage of high ideals and as—

pirations.



I well remember that mcrry troop of

brothers and sisters, and Jennie as a

sunny-dispositioncd, rathcr frail looking

Iittlc girl, for my home was only a few

miles from Greenwood and betwccn the:

tWo families there existed a warm and

lasting friendship.



\Ve must pass swiftly ovcr our little

girl’s early days in the nearby district

school and her high school course at De-

catur. I should like to dwell longer on

the things of her childhood in order to

give my readers a correct pcrspcciive of

hcr life. For those who have bcc'n ac—

quainted with Miss Buell only in these

later years, howevcr closely, never can

know her quite as do those- who knew the

atmosphere in which she. grew up, and

the sources from which her work seems

a. natural outgrowth.



Since it had boom the dream of her

childhood to teach. she went to the State

Normal at Ypsilanti, but during that year

of study her hczilth gave wuyso that it

became evident that she lacked the hardi-

hood to endure the stress and strain of

the school room. Having to give up her

intention of completing a college course

left a wound that was slow in healing,

which perhaps has never fully healed.

Before she took up what proved to be

her ife-work, she spent some time in

Kansas and there got into her veins, and

it stays yet, the love of the western

spirit.



About this time she began to contribute





 





 





 





Home of Miss Jennie Buell, Showing West Yard.





to Mr. J. 'l‘. Cobb should b6 given the

crcdii of having the most constructive iu—

Ilucncc upon her life: He was industrious,

public-spirited, frank, and a thorough—

going optimist. ller association with him

in editorial and Grange work, coming at

n time whcn her mind was most suscep-

tible to the influence of a strong person—

ality, served to crystallize the confused

medlcy of licr youthful ambitions into a

few clear-cut life purposes.



“'hen Mr. Cobb resigned his office as

sccretai‘y of the State Grunge, upon his

recommendation Miss Bucll was elecud

to fill the vacancy. She held the position

for 16 consecutive years. Then, after an

interval of two ycnrs she was clcclcd in

1908 locturer of the State Grange, which

ofiice» she still retains, filling it with a

success perhaps even more notablc than

that of her long scrvice as secretary,

since it offers tasks more in harmony

with her natural tastes. BecauSc of her

prominent connection with the Grange, o.

numbcr of years ago she was placed upon

the State Farmers' institute force. In

this capacity also she has shown unusual

efficiency.



Miss Buell has traveled over and over

again throughout the length and breadth

of this state, till it really seems as if at

some time or othcr she has atiem ed a.

(,lrange picnic or rally or a Farmers’ In-

stitute in every nook and corner from

lronwood to the Indiana border, carrying

always some message of courage and

uplift.



More printed words cannot convey how

she has thought and written, for tho

Michigan Farmer and a large number of

other publications, and spoken in behalf

of the Grange and of rural organization

and improvement. With all the privations

and difficulties of farm people» everywhere

she has the keenest sympathy, and al-

ways their welfare and happiness lie

close to her heart.



A number of times she has been called

into other states to speak upon Grange

work for women; last October she pre-

sented the topic before the International

Congress of Farm Women at Colorado





‘3





springs.

nized as not only state—wide but national

in its scope.



Although most of Miss Buell's writing

has bceu for newspapers and magazines,

she has added to the works on rural

sociology a noteworthy little volume. “One

\Voman‘s \Vork for Farm \Vomeu," it

unique account of the work of Mrs. Mary

A. Mayo. It is not written in the Styli!

of an ordinary biography, but may better

be described as an artistic and fitting

prc-scnlation of an inspiring life. As she

knew Mrs. Mayo intimately and loved her

this book has passed on to thousands the

inspiration of that rare woman's rare

personality. “One Woman's “York for

Farm \Vomen” has been called by a road-

er of unusual intelligence and discern-

ment, “the finest statement of the liner

Work of the Grange that has yet been

prepared."



Owing to the brief compass of this

sketch much that seems esscntiul must

be omitted. Only passing mention can be

made of Miss Buell’s long connection with

the Sunday School at Little Prairie Rondo,

although she considers it one of the

most important factors in her life. There

began her training in organization and

the conduct of group meetings. No ac-

count can be given of the close and mil—-

mate relations that have always existed

between her and the othcr members of

her family; of how they have becn her

wise counsellors and a constant source of

sti'cngth; nor of how the coming into this

household some 12 years ago of hcr broth-

er‘s four little motherless boys, changed

her vicwpoints and widened her sym-

pathies.



* * O



As to Miss Buell’s own personality, it

is most pleasing and gracious, but hard

to analyze. No one trait of character can

be classed as dominant, rather she mani-

fests :1 number of strong traits in well-

balunccd combination. She possesses great

tact, yct is truthful and sincere. For an

alert, quick-minded person she is very

patient and painstaking. She has re-

markable persistence and continuity of

purpose, and wins out by uniform excel—

lence rather than by an occasional novel

or lucky stroke. Despite her quiet and

unobtrusive manner, she shows unusual

force of character and exerts a strong in—

fluence. She. has a genuine talent for

friendship and a wonderful power of St

ing and bringing out what is host in all

with whom she comes in contact.



A firm believer in the doctrines of the

New Church, the effect of those teachings

is plainly to be seen in her attitude to-

ward life and its problems. One of the

main tenets of that faith is the great

principle of “uses" as the very-aim and

object of creation. It has been well said

that the kcynotc of her life is service for

the good of humanity.





 





 





The Joyflofgrving.





OLIDAYS often seem to the tired

H housekeeper the hardest days in

the calendar. In most households

the rising hour is postponed on such days,

breakfast is: late, cvcryoue lounges around

the housc urn-r breakfast instcz’ul of get-

ting out. to the regular work, and an ex—

tra linc dinncr is the rule. Night usually

finds thc mother tin-(l to the point of cx—

lmustion. She has not had it minute to

rcst on this day set aside for merrymak-

ing, and she mentally, or verbally, thanks

licr stars that this particular holiday

comes but once a year. If she lives in a.

town she vows never again to cook a.

holiday dinner so long as hotels and res-

taurants exist, and if she lives far from

hostolries she wishes fervently that she

lived near enough to take the whole fam-

ily out to dinner instead of spending the

day in cooking and serving.



The mother of one family went on a

strike last Thanksgiving Day. For five

long years, she tragically announced, she

had spent three—fourths of the- (lay cook—

ing a dinner for the family to devour in

the other fourth, while she, too tired to

eat, sat wearily by and looked on. This

year\ the family would eat its turkey out,

or take plain boiled potatoes and fried





Her .work has come to be recog-





 





 





 





 





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APRIL 13,191}.

meat. No ldns day 9f cooking and drudg—

ery this year for mother. '



For a. wonder. father, who despises ho-

tels and restaurants, fell in with the idea,

and’on Thanksgiving morning father.

mother, Mary and Jack set forth for the

restaurant which advertised the biggest

dinner for the least money. Unfortu-

nately, there were scores of others who

had picked on that restaurant, and when

this family arrived the tables were filled.

Smells of savory dishes assailed the nos-

trils, aggravating appetites which the

frosty air had already made ferocious.



The clock ticked off an hour while the

quartet waited. Jack and Mary began to

whimper with hunger, mother got nervous

and even father began to take out his

watch and look at it every three minutes.

Finally a waiter approached and waved

them to a table, and hope revived, But

another wait of ten minutes elapsed be-

fore the soup was brought on. It was

cold, and the spoons showed traces of

having been hastily washed. The soup

was well nigh digested before the turkey

and its accompaniments appeared. It,

:00, tasted as though it had been nearer

the ice box than the range, there was

barely enough to go around and not a tiny

scrap left for a second helping. The stuff-

ing wasn’t well made, the mashed pota-

tocs were lumpy and the squash wet and

soggy. The pumpkin pie that followed

had a dash of cayenne. the plum pudding

was hard and cold and the dish of ice

cream was melted and scanty in quantity.



Mary and Jack missed the atmospheie

of home and sat with scared faces through

half the meal, then fought over a glass of

he water towards the close and horrified

their anxioas mother.



The dinner, you will notice. was not a

suceess. Jack and Mary were loud in

their disapproval on the way home, but

father only said,



“Never mind, mother is 'restcd and able





to enjoy herself. She has had a real

Thanksgiving today.”

“Rested!" exploded mother. "I never





tired in my life. I thought i

should die waiting there and trying to

kcep those children quiet. And then af-

ter that torture to be put down to such

a dinner. If I couldn’t cook a better din-

ner with both eyes shut and one hand

tied behind me I’d be ashamed to ask a

friend to my table. Christmas is just

four weeks 011’, and when it arrives this





“‘CLS SI)





family will have a holiday dinner worth





eating.”



“l-lut. it tires you so to cook, and you

never have a minute to enjoy the day,”

quoted father.



"Tires,” sniffed mother, “I never him

the meaning of the word until today. All

the enjoyment I want is to get into my

own kitchen and fix up a dinner that is

ialatablc and digestible. “'hy. l’ve been

lonesome all day, just wishing I was home

hustling around with the children stand—

ing on chairs at my elbow begging for

tastes and to help. I actually believe that

the only joy of living is the joy of serv-

ing. although there are times when I don't

seem to appreciate that fact.”



DEBORAH

HUMAN WELFARE QUERIES.

l'luuvchold Editorpiellow is

served "—Reader.



Spinach is usually cooked until tender

in a very little water. or_ if young, with

only the water which clings to its leaves

from washing. Then chop it fine, reheat

in a saucepan with a generous measure

of melted butter, heap in a mound on a

platter and garnish with slices of hard

boiled egg. Many like vinegar served

with it.



Household Editor:~“’here is

tapioca obtained‘.’——Student.



Cookbooks tell us it is obtained from

the root of the cassaVa plant, but the dic-

tionary asserts that it is manufactured

from potato starch.



Household ltlditorr—Vl'ould you consider





spinach





pearl





condensed milk and oatmeal water gOod

food for babies7—Mothcr.

No. the sugar in the milk, combined





with the starch in the oatmeal, would be

too much for the average child. Plain

milk and oatmeal water would be a bet—

ter combination, but barley water or rice

water would either be more easy of di—

gestion than oatmeal water.



Household Editorszow do you

albuminized milk?—Convalcscent.



Put one cup of milk and the white of

an egg in a covered glass fruit jar and

shake until thoroughly blended. Strain

and serve at once. If it is unpalatable it

may be salted and flavored.





Household Editorr—V’hy can I not say,

“I want them mittens?"—X. Y. Z.





Because “them” is a. pronoun and can-

not be used to modify the noun mittens.

“I want. those mittens” is correct.





make





   





 

 

 





 





Household Editorz—Is it correct to say

“You was" in speaking to one person?

Our teacher says we should say “You

were,” when speaking to more than one

but “You was” when speaking to one. Is

she right?—Eighth Grader.





“You were” is the correct form, no

matter whether you address one or many.

“You" is the plural form of the pronoun

and therefore must take a plural verb.

The singular verb was used to some ex-

tent a century ago, but is now obsolete.





What should be the temperature of

yeast for bread and how long should it be

r‘n‘aintained to give best results? Mrs. G.



l. S.





The government bulletin on “Bread and

Breadmaking" gives from 77 to 95 degrees

F. as the besr temperature for yeast,

while other authorities give from 65 to 75

degrees. Yeast endures cold much better

than heat, so it is better to have the

temperature low. I do not understand

what you mean by “How long should it

be maintained?" Bread'may be started.

made and baked in three hours, or you

may prolong the process over night. The

longer you give the yeast to ferment the

better flavored will be your bread.





Household Editor:—How much should 3.

year-old child weigh? My baby is a year

old and weighs only 17 pounds, and every-

one says she should be heavier.—Mrs. S.





The weight at one year old depends

largely upon the weight when born. The

average baby weighs about seven or eight

pounds when born, and from 22 to 24

pounds at one year. You can reason from

this how much your baby should weigh.

However, If she is well and happy I should

not worry about what “everyone says'."

1 think “everyone” should leave young

mothers alone and not be constantly wor-

rying them by telling them their babies

are not doing well.





GLAD TO HEAR FROM OUR READERS.



Several very kind and appreciative let-

ters have recently been received by the

editor of this department, for which she

herewith expresses heartfelt thanks. So

many of us only write the editor when

“’1‘ get mad that, it is a pleasure to re-

ceive a line when something has pleased.

We are always glad to hear from our

readers, requests for help, suggestions for

new articles, frank criticisms of things

which do not suit, or outpourings of

wrath against any existing evil. But we

are doubly and trebly glad when some

.kindhearted reader snatches a moment

from the busy whirl to write, “You have

done well.”





MICHIGAN FARMER PATTERNS.



These patterns may be obtained from

the Michigan Farmer oflice at the prices

named. Be sure to give pattern number

and the size wanted.





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’rfie- MICHIGAN FARMER.





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Anty Drudge and the barn dance

Margaret—“Oh, I’m so. disappointed! Charley Haines'

asked me to go to a. dance tomorrow night, and I’ve

spilled mustard all over the front of my best dress.

Those city boarders will make ‘fun of me.”

(’Anty Drudge—“Come now, no more moping. Just run‘

‘ down to the store and get a cake of Fels-Naptha.

soap and let me have the dress. We’ll wash it in

some cool or lukewarm water, and presto! It’ll look

just as fine as any French cleaner could make it."

> To a woman who lives on a farm, the

weekly wash 18 the hardest work. she has to

do-—-_1f she does 1t 1n the old-fashioned way.

But if she uses Fcls-Naptha Soap, she has no

need of a hot fine, no heavy boflcr to fill

and lift up and down from a stove, no

back-breakmg rubbmg _on a washboard or

hard turnmg of a washmg machine, If she

uses one. All she has to do 18 to wet the

clothes, soap them well With F cls—Naftha,

roll and leave them to soak 1n cool or ukc-

warm water for a short t1me. Then rub

lightly on a washboard or'put them 1n a

washlng machmc and turn a few Umcs,

rmse, blue and they’re ready for the line.

Follow d1rcct1ons on the red and green

wrapper.





For full particulars. write Fels-Naptha. Philadelphia





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





N0. 1283, Men’s Negligee Shirt. Eight,

sizes. 32 to 46 inches, breast measure. For !

36 breadth it requires 3% yards, 32 inchesl

Wide. Price. 10 cents.



‘No. 2854, Ladies' Tucked Dressing Sack. ’

Eight sizes, 32 to 46 inches, bust measure.

For 36 bust it requires 4 yards, 27 incheS'

Wide. Price; 10 cents.



No. 4817, Boys’ Suit. Three sizes, 2, 4

and 6 years. For 4 years it requires 3

yards, 36 inches wide, %~yard contrasting

goods 27 inches wide. Price, 10 cents.



.NO. 5390, Children’s Yoke Dress. Cut in

Sizes 1, 3 and 5 years. The 3-year size

requires 2 yards of 36-inch material; 17/8

yards of insertion, 1%, yards of edging.

Price, 10 cents.



No. 5111, Children’s Rompers. Cut in

one size. Age 1 year requires 2 yards of

27-inch material. Price. 10 cents,



No. 5059, Children’s Dress, Closed at

Left Side of Front. Cut in sizes. 2, land

6 years. Age 4 years requires 2% yards

of 36-inch material. Price, 10 cents.





 





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hoping that it Wlll banish the

drudgery from her kitchen-



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THE MICHIGAN FARMER, Detroit, Mich





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The wonderful, cleansing

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THE. .Mic’HIGAN FARMER.





THE LETTER BOX.





 





Editor Household Department—We

have taken the Michigan Farmer for some

time and I must say I am much inter-

ested in -its good things about farming.

I am very much interested in Deborah‘s

talks and.serious1y appreciate her views

and nothing under the heading on bring-

ing up children escapes me. I simply de-

vour them and swallow them in chunks.



Oh, mothers. do we respect the rights

of our children as we should do? Do we,

as mothers, appreciate the responsibility

that providence has put upon us, as we

should?



We realize that we are in a measure

responsible for our children’s souls and

what they are in future life. Do we rcal-

ize' that we can save them much trouble

by right example and precept just now?



Let right be your motto in all things

always. See that your foundation in

whatever you do is sound and will stand

with the right written on the face of it.



Let your children do a great deal of

thinking for themselves. \Vhen they come

to you asking your advice, tell them you

will have to think the matter over before

you decide and in the meanwhile ask

them to think seriously themselves and

draw them out.



I was very much interested in a letter

written by Mrs. Ella lC. Rockwood. I do

not think this little mother will go far

wrong in bringing up her little girl. But,

mother, I would not spat baby's-hands if

I were you. It always seems cruel to me.

I would not have the pretty, attractive

things around. I would put them away

out of harm’s way until the little tot is

old enough to understand and then I

should bring them out and display them

on tables and explain to the little one

about them, who they belonged to and

how sorry they would all be! if any harm

should come to them. And perhaps there

are some of baby’s own which have been

given hn-r in earlier babyhood. These I

should let her handle with special care'.

But give hcr to understand on no account

is she to touch that which belongs to

others. This is one of our hardest les-

sons to teach.‘Mrs. F, A. M.



The System Is at Fault.



The article published in the Michigan

Farmer about “Home Study for Children,’

seems to me somewhat wide of the mark.

The Golden Age of education for the child

may come some day but it: certainly has

not yet arrived.



Fixed courses are now established by

lllc “powers that be" for the grades, as

well as for the advanced work. Students

of education—teachers as well as par-

cnts. do not always approve of these

courses, but if the children enter the

{41“le they must “keep up" and this

task is oftentimes something of a prob-

lem to both teacher and parent and is

often a tragedy to the child.



This trouble of home study for the

child is not, primarily, the fault of

teacher, part-ht or child, but is the fault

of the system. There is certainly too

much cramming of unnecessary stuff go-

ing on in our schools. But what can the

teacher do‘.’ 'l'hcre are just so many

pages to bc gone over, she must do her

task. It was once said of our county

that, although it might not be perfect in

«very way, it was the very bcst country

we have. So it is with our school sys-

tem, it may not be perch-ct and i1 ccr-

tainly is very far from perfection, but it

is the best system we have. and it is

only through the co—operation of both

parent and teacher that the average

thild can come out of its mysteries with

enough education to pay for the money,

time, and energy expended, and in many

cases, for the health wasted. In other

words, this problem must be faced by the

parent and teacher as a condition and

not as a theory.



The clever child who absorbs all kinds

of lessons quickly, makes a good showing

in all branches of school work, recites

Well and never needs help, is very seldom

the really good student. A boy of my

acquaintance who proved in time to be

a clever mathematician was always in

disgrace because of his inability to make

a recitation in history or geography. A

little help from his mother would have

been of great assistance to this boy.



I know a home where the early part

of every evening is devoted to talking

over school problems. The children are

free to talk about what has troubled

them in the day’s work. The daughter

of this family has never forgotten the

principle of square and cube root, be—

cause: her wise mother, who knew what

next day’s lesson was to be,' carved the

bread at supper in squares and cubes to





APRIL 13, 1912.





illustrate the lesson. There are mothers

who can help the children with such i1-

lustrations without “causing confusion

and hard work” to the teacher next day.



I once heard a mother say to her boy,

“I don’t want to hear a. word about your

school. \Ve pay the teacher and sheimust

do the work.” I thought how little that

mother knew of what she was depriving

her child, nor of what she was shutting

out of her own life. Our children’s school

work is more beneficial and many times

much more illuminating to us than what

we gained from our own school days.



It is certainly a. deplorable sight (and

we have all seen it innumerable times),

for a little child who has already spent

five or six hours in a sehoolroom, to sit

at home with a wrinkled brow, poring

over a book or doing mechanical Work,

such as map drawing, etc. These ordcals

should never be put upon growing children.

It is criminal. But this pernicious habit

has not the slightest relation to the

“help” the wise mother gives to her

child. I believe that many children, es-

pecially boys, fail to gain much from

their school work because of slowness of

comprehension. A little tact on the part

of the reading mother, (and no woman

has a right to be a mother who does not

read), would prepare the child’s mind for

a better comprehension of some difficult

School tasks.



A boy who disliked reading but loved

out-of—door sports, was introduced to the

heroes of Scott's poetry by his mother

telling him the stories. 'When he came to

these gallant warriors in his English work

he met. them as old friends.



A mother must keep in touch with her

child’s school work. She can never gain

his respect so surely in any other way.

I am told that there are some parents

who do not even know what subjects

their children are studying and, strange

as it might seem, have never even en—

tered the child's schoolroom! This con-

dition certainly does not exist in Mich-

igan!



There are schools where girls receive

credit for successfully baking a potato,

and a boy for his skill in handling tools,

but unfortunately these- schools are not

yet for the many. This system is solving

the problem of what a. real education is

to the child, and when this system is

common much of the mother’s responsi—

bility will be lifted. Until then the watch-

word of the mother must bet, “Keep in

touch with your child—L. E. S.





A Plea for Plain Food.



Dear lCditor:——\\'hen I read your article

on “The Danger of Fads,” in the Michi—

gan Farmer, “ I said “me too." I like

the juicy steak. and vegetables myself. I

never could make a satisfactory meal on

a spoonful of frozen pudding and a lettuce

leaf, although these things are all right

in their place.



Furmers’ wives, and some other busy

women, find it impossible to follow the

fashionable. cookery recipes given in most:

cook-books and magazines. Partly be—

cause the menus are not sufficiently nour—

ishing and partly because of the great

lcngth of time required in the preparation.

Here is one from a popular magazine,

telling how to make “star canapes:” “Cut

bread in star-shape with a cutter, if you

have one, or by a paper pattern, saute

in butter, pile one point of the star with

capers, the next with chopped white of

hard-boiled eggs, the next with chopped

plcklcs, the next with chopped red 1‘91)-

pcr, and the last with the yolks of hard-

boilcd eggs forced through :1 potato-ricer.

(lurnisl: the center with a coiled fillet. of

anchovy and arrange on n lace-paper

doily placed on a small plate.” Here you

have something that will take at least an

hour to prepare and aftcr all your fuss

you have only bread and salad. I am

particularly fond of salad but I think I

would as soon have it mixed as served on

the points of a star.



lf one cares to spend a whole afternoon

preparing a fancy dessert for some es—

pecial occasion, I have no objection, but;

let’s have some substantials with it. .-\s

Deborah intimates, fads are a good thing

if not carried to cxtremes. Let us take

Samantha Allen’s advice and “be me-jum."

~.~t\. E. II. M., \Yheelcr.



XVe found a new use for the old feather

bcds. \Ve took them to a place where

they were stitched across in rows on a.

machine and they now make excellent

mattresses. The stitching prevents the

feathers frOm shifting about. They are

soft and springy yet substantial enough

for any bed. Similar places may be found

in any large city so I am told. The

feathers are renovated before the sewing

is done.-E. E. R.
L APRIi; m. 1912-





 





YVVYVYY-m'





“flout m YOUTH





THE HAVEN.





   





 





BY DORA H. STOCKHAN.





There’s a haven beside Life's ocean

\Vhence clear, pure waters flow;

Vines cling to a. cozy cottage,

By the threshold sweet violets blow.

And upon a Well-worn hearthstone

Is kindled a flaming light -

That gleams in the growing darkness,

Streaming out far into the night.





To the strong man battling, fainting,

That beacon light afar



Puts strength in the oar that's lagging,

Brings his boat safe over the bar.



And the lad, whose craft is pointed

Toward the wreckers’ yellow fire.



Catching a ray from the fireside

Steers past lust’s treacherous mire.





Outside are dangerous derelicts

At the mercy of wind and wave:

No compass—rudderless—anchorless——

No guiding star to save.



The shore is lined with wreckage:

Splendid ships bleach on the strand

That lacked only the wings of woman’s



love

And the lure of little hands.





Priestess of the sacred hearthstone,

Forsake not your holy shrine!



May the fires of your vestal virgins

With their white lights ever shine;



And they who toil on waters deep,

0r drifting, widely roam,



Shall return for peace and power

To the blessed haven—home.





THE GOLD MINE AT HOME.





 





BY EDGAR, WHITE.



“This is the limit, boys; I don‘t believe

I’d be doing right by ye to make ye buck

agin it another year. I’ll divide fair

what’s in the bank and let you try some

country it here ye got an even chance."



A Missouri patriarch stood on the brow

of a hill gloomily surveying the muddy

water that covered the lowlands for hun-

dreds of acres. Near him stood four

young men of the sturdy yeo‘man type.

poorly clad, wistful and depressed. it

was the second season in succession the

crops with which they had toiled early

and late had gone down into the tide of

the vicious, wiggling stream which seem-

cd to sprawl all over the country like a

schoolboy’s sketch of a volcano‘s output.

’l‘ht- ntost fertile bottom lands in the

state Wore at the mercy of a shallow





stream which, with almost human spite,





seemed to burst forth with irrepressible

malignity just about the time when the

farmer was whetting his scythe to garner

his crop. Levees, barriers, ditches were.

labor thrown away. Sam Humphrey's big

boys had toiled uncomplainingly year af-

ter year against the annual disaster, and

the old man had finally thrown up his

hands. There was a curse on the land

and the unfortunate who tilled it. Like

the dark-winged vampire that fanned its

victims into their eternal sleep, came the

soft warm breezes of spring and seduced

the farmer into one more effort to realize

the promise on nature‘s smiling face. Thc

birds sang hopefully, the sun came in

gentle warmth and the buds gave off

their luxuriant perfume. The husband-

man put his hand to the plow and toiled

with might and main while the light

horned. Then, like a sleeping sea mon—

stt‘l'. the river roused, shook itself and

boiled all over the face of the earth.



Experience had at last burned in its

hitter lesson, and, like the sailors on a

stnking ship, it was every man for him-

self. Tom, the elder, took his allotment

{tom the bank and said he would go to

the northwest and herd cattle. Bill, the

next, decided on Canada. of which coun-

try he had read wonders in the land-

hoomer‘s richly lettered circulars. Jim

said he had heard much of the rich mines

in the republic of Mexico. and the big

wages paid there. The south for him.



“And ye, Zeke,” inquired the old man.



“1’11 stay with you,” said the youngest

son quietly.



“Ye’ll starve, lad."



Zeke was the patriarch’s favorite son.

and the old man’s eyes glistened at the

expression of devotion, but then a shade

crossed his wrinkled face as he thought

the resolution was perhaps born of tim-

idity. He despised cowardice.



“Better take your money and try to

do something," he said.



“I’ll take the money and do\ something,”

returned the younger son, “but I‘ll do it

here.”



The others looked at him in amused

surprise. .



“He means he'll catch fish," said Tom.



“Or raise hogs for the hotel." suggested

Bill.





“Maybe he'll build a boat and take ex-

cursion parties over the farm,” put in

Jim.





 





THE ‘ MIéHiGAN " FARMEIQ.





”I’ll certainly do something,” said Zeke.

who was not angered at the sarcastic

allusions.



Tom, Bill and Jim took transportation

for their respective lands of opportunity.

Zeke stayed at home and helped the old

man straighten up things around the

farm after the flood went down. It was a

dreary scene. Half-starved cattle stood

on the hills, and water—logged debris was

scattered all over the lowlands. The

river, having done its worst, subsided

into its banks and became little more

than a creek.



When he had done what he could Zeke

went to \l'inston and had a conference

with a bank man there. The financier

did not take much stock in the boy’s rep-

resentations.



"You can never do it, Zeke.” he said;

our people are not ready for it by halt

a century.”



“Then, let us buy up the land and do

it ourselves," replied the boy; “if they

don‘t want to improve they ought to sell

their lands cheap.” '



“How much have you got?" asked the

banker.



“One hundred dollars.”



The man of money smiled.





“You don’t want to go in?” asked the





boy, not at all discouraged.



“No; count me out, Zeke.”



The young man took the- train and went

to the city. There he purchased a new

suit of clothes and a good hat. Then he

hunted up some investors. One of these,

a retired judge, became interested in the

story. Having risen from poverty to

wealth by his estimate of men and affairs,

he. saw the possibilities in the proposition.

l-le authorized the young promoter to re—

turn home and take options on the bot-

tom land, agreeing to pay five dollars an

acre in the event that a tract of 10.000

acres in one body could be secured. The

judge had traveled over the state and

knew the land in question, and knew it

to be the most productive in the west in

the event it could be saved from over-

ilows. The boy‘s scheme was exactly in

line with his own way of doing things.

He placed his check book at the earnest

young man's disposal to engineer the deal.

risking it on his judgment. of mankind.



Zeke went home, put on his old gar—

ments and in a quiet way began talking

with the farmers. He found many so dis-

couraged that they were almost willing

to give away their bottom land. He had

no trouble whatever in securing options

on 10,000 acres. The wholc deal was con-

summated inside of a Week. The money

was paid down within a month and the

deeds made out. Then it became known

that something was in the wind. Bottom

land took an upward tendency. It didn't

rise much, only a few dollars per acre.

because the rumor was uncertain. Thc

backer of the enterprise made a trip to

the land ht- had purchased and approved

of the situation. lie advised his young

friend to acquire an additional 10.000

acres further up stream and allow as

much as $20 an acre for it, if necessary.

Most of the land, however, was purchased

at half that figure. The next spring :'

big steam dredger was put to work at the

head of what was known as the drainage

estate, and then the farmcrs opened their

eyes.



The dredger excavated two canals. one

on each side of the stream, and laterals

were made leading to these canals. This

made a complete drainage system, ade-

quate to handle any volume of water that

might come down from the north.



“Vhile construction was under way a

representativc of a Chicago syndicate of-

fered to pay $50 an acre for the land em—

braced in the drainage scheme, and to

take up the-dredging contract.



Zeke and his judicial partncr refused

the terms. They foresaw that the land

when saved, would be worth from $125 to

$150 an acre, and keep on advancing. It

had been enriched by the floods of years.

which carried all manner of fertilizing

material and distributed it evenly OVL‘I‘

all the lowlands. The valley of the Nile

was not more. fertile.



Their dredging complete, the owners

platted their land. The tract was too

large to operate all of it themselves, and

they undertook to rent portions to small

farmers under a guarantee against dam-

age from overflows. The first: season but

few contracts of this sort were made, as

the reputation of the valley was bad. But

the spring floods of the next year made

the test. The water was higher than had

been known in a quarter of a century.

From end to end the great valley wits

flooded like an inland sea. Even the

drainage estate was under water, but

there it soon went down. and the grow-

ing crops were not damaged. The gar-



(Continued on page 463).





 





 





A Moving Picture

Twist! Turn! Bend!

Follow the side -to ~ side





motion of the man in the

picture. See how the sliding

cord of the Shirley President

Suspender does away with

the strain in every position.





Shirley Presidents follow every





shoulder movement.

The back cord gives and takes.





No tugging! No pulling! No

stretching!





Your body feels free. Your





shoulders move easily.





ll you can get new comfort in

suspenders, you want it, don't you ?





Comfort has made Presidents

the biggest-selling brand in the

worl .





The easy, sliding action takes

the strain off the suspenders, too.

That is why a pair of Shirley

Presidents easily outlast: two pairs

of ordinary suspenders.





Because of the active character

of farm work, Shirley Presidents

are even more necessary to the

farmer than to the city man.





if you can't get them at your

dealer's send us fiftyicents (money-

order or stamps) and we will mail

you a pair postpaid. State your

height and whether you wish light

weight for dress wear, medium

weight for ordinary wear, or extra

heavy weight for work.





Wear a pair for a month. If not





 





convinced that they





are the best and most comfortable you ever wore we will





buy them back at the full price you paid.





SHIRLEY





 





THIS GUARANTEE on every pair: "Satisfaction or money back.



If this suspendet proves unsatisfactory in any particular, mail it to US

—-not your dealer—with your name and address plainly written on the

package. We will repair, replace, or (if requested) refund your money."





THE C. A. EDGARTON MFG. C0., 5 Main St, Shirley, Mass.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Light for all' your buildings at any hour of the day or night.





No danger of fires or explosions from lamps or lanterns.

clean and fill. And with all its advantages





No lamps to





Electric Light is Not Expensive





oils.





 

 





Burning all 50 lights of this system for 5 hours would

only cost about l0 cents for fuel





You would seldom burn all

l'ghts at once hence this low cost Would be

much reduced. Let us give you full partic-





tllarLWritc for Catalog No.C D 601

m, m... Fairbanks,Morse&Co.

(”Ina—MO ‘WITCHBOAND BAVTERY £flq|fl?‘l “ Chicagb DetrOit
462 (so:





Chapter XXVl.—The Woman in the

Carriage.





What had been happening at Belle

Murdock’s? Why had Elsie called out

my name? What had Doctor Anderson

meant by his enigmatic smile and hint of

"strenuous work" to come? \‘l'hat ought

I to do? What could I do? Should I go

to Harry Rodney, and, backed by Red

Murdock’s confession, demand that he

give up Elsie as the price of my silence?

Should I wait until the hour of the wed-

ding, and then and there denounce him?

Should I go to Elsie Lamont herself, and

force her to listen to me? Should I wait

and depend on Belle Murdock‘s confes-

sion to save Elsie from that fatal mar-

riage?—



I was lost in a cloud of uncertainties.

I knew not what to do. If 1 went to

Harry Rodney, it would only serve to

warn him that I had escaped from the

men he had sent to detain me; and he

would defy me. If I waited until the

wedding, that would mean a public

scandal of the most unsavory kind. If I

went to Elsie Lamont—but Elsie was now

with Belle Murdock! \Vhy not’face her

there, in the presence of Belle Murdock?

That would be a mighty blow struck

straight at the baffling knot of the mys—

tery! I determined to strike that blow. I

had been a plaything of fate long enough.

I glanced at the clock on the mantel. It

was four o’clock in the morning; and the

wedding was to take place at ten! But

six hours left! There was no time to

waste. I would go at once. I hurried

into the kitchen, put on my coat and hat,

and opened the door to go to the barn

to get the horse I was to ride. As i swung

open the door I saw Jake driving into





the yard, and on the seat beside him sat

a Woman.

I stood stoek—still where I was and





stared at the woman. Jake drove on into

the yard and stopped. Still I made no

move. not even to assist her from the

buggy. Jake jumped out and helped her

to alight. 1 saw her hesitate an instant,

her eyes turned in my direction, and then,

with a slight squaring of her shoulders,

she walked straight toward me,



Still I did not move, did not even take

off my hat, or speak, or nod my head;

but, standing in the middle of the door—

way, I continued to stare at the woman

until she stopped not six feet in front of

men



“John—Mr. Delvin—" ller voice broke.



"Elsie!~—Miss Lamont! I~—I—I beg

your pardon. Comt- in,” and I stepped

back into the house. I could hardly

credit the evidence of my own eyes. El-

sic Lamont, she who had had only scorn

for me for two long dreary years, had

sought me in my own house! \Vhat Could

it mean?



She stepped into the kitchen hcsitating-

l\', with her eyes cast down, as if she

found to look me in the face. I stood

stiffly and awkwardly by the door, still

staring at her, tongue—tied and thought—

tied.



“)Ir. Delvin, I must see you alone—zit

I—‘I-‘y her face flushed, hcr her-d

and she spokc hardly above

“1 have come to tell you why

ring and presents,





olive.

sank lower,

a whisper.

i gaVc you back your

and (hove you from my home as if you

were unworthy of my love, unworthy the

love of any good woman. \\'ill you lis—

ten to me, Mr, Delvin?” and, for the first

Time her eyes looked up into mine, but

l‘altt ringly.



“Come into the library, Miss Lamont,”

and I led the way through the kitchen,

into the sitting-room, and on into the

library. I did not offer to walk by the

side of her, I did not even pause at the

library door to wait for her to enter first,

but strode on in ahead, stopping, after I

had entered. to close the door behind us.

She had scorned and humiliated me often

enough; and now a mad boorish perverse-

ness took possession of me and determined

me to pay her back in manners of her

own coining: and yet, even while I stood

thus stiffly and coldly before her. my love

was singing joyously in my heart.



“hat a perverse fool love will some-

times make of a man! The moment I

closed the library door Elsie turned and

stood tremblingly before me, with the

pride and scorn all gone out of her eyes,

her cheeks glowing red, and her breath

coming fast. .



“John Delvin!" she cried, her vome

hardly above a whisper, but tense with

feeling. “John Delvin, two long years





‘





TH'E MICHIGAN »FARMER.





THE BACHELOR UNCLE





“ BY EVERITT McNEIL.





ago I was made to believe that I saw you

do a thing so base and unworthy that

from that moment I looked on you as

beneath the contempt of any good wo-

man; andfin-ow, this night, I have learned

it was not you whom I saw, that I was

deceived; and I—I—J’ her voice choked.



I wondered if she were recalling the

manner in which she had broken our en-

gagement and banished me from her

'home and heart; if she were thinking

how she had refused to give me even a

chance to vindicate myself; if she were

considering the shame her scorn had

heaped upon me before the eyes of friends

and neighbors, even in the house of God;

I wondered if the thought of these things

came to her now, standing chokingly and

ponitently before me, as they did to me,

biting, and stinging, and rankling like

so many poisoned arrows, and hardening

the resolution of my imbecile perversity.



“I could have told you all that two

years ago, Miss Lamont, had you been

willing to listen to me.” I said coldly.



“I know—I know—I havefireated you

shamefully, disgracefully, abominably. But

I thought I knew. I had to believe my

own eyes, my own ears. I thought I saw

you and Belle Murdock—Oh, how cruelly,

shamefully I was deceived! and how bit-

icrly I have wronged you! John Delvin,

as God is my judge, I did not question,

did not doubt for a moment, but what it

was you I saw on that night with Belle

Murdoek. I—I would not have believed

it, I could not have believed it, if I had

not seen with my own eyes, heard with

my own cars. In no other way could I

have been made to believe you so un-

speakably false and base; you whom I

had thought so noble and true; and it

brol' my heart, it broke my heart,

J n,’



“Spon to be mended again by Harry

Rodney,” I said cruelly.



She winced at the name, as if I had

struck her a blow in the face; then her

eyes flamed, and she straightened up with

a jerk, and I heard her foot come down

violently on the floor.



“Don’t ever speak that man’s name

again in my presence!” she exclaimed iii—

dignantly. “The cur! the coward! the

Villain! the scoundrel! the—the—Oh, how

I hate him! The arch—fiend. How I hate

him! Hate him!” and down came her

foot again on the floor, with a violence

that made the bric-a-brac rattle.



“And yet you are to marry him at ten

o’clock this morning!”



For a moment she stood like one

stunned by a sudden blow or shock, and

her face grew ashy white, and the

strength went quickly from her body.

“Merciful heaven it *an not be. But it is

true! It is true! \‘i'hat shall I do? Oh,

what shall I do?" and she sank down

limply into :1 chair. “Everything is all

prepared! The guests will come! Oh,

What shall I do‘.‘ \Vhat shall I do?”



“Marry him, of course,” I answered

ruthlessly.



"Marry him!" She was on her feet

again, her eyes flashing. “Marry him!

the treacherous. lying, deceitful scoun-

drcl! Never! Never! Oh, I—I—I—” she

pauscd, searching in vain for words to

voice her outraged feelings. “God for-

give me, I did not know I could hate a

man as I do him! He—he—~it was he

who made me think you vile, who robbed

me. of your love, who brought my wo—

manhood to this scorn—Marry him! Nev-

er!—~Oh, what shall I do? John Delvin,

what shall I do?" and she sank back

Sobbing into the chair.



I felt the words of that appeal go

straight to my heart; but my obstinate

perversity still held me back. She had

not yet given me any sufficint reasons

for the cruel abruptness with which she

had broken our engagement and the con-

tempt with which she had ever after

treated me. “'hat if she had seen me

with Belle Murdock? \Vas there any

crime in that? “'21s the love of a man

such a light thing that it could be thrown

off like a cloak and trampled in the dirt

beneath a woman’s heel, without cause

and without explanation?



Strange how sensitive I had suddenly

become? An hour ago and I would have

been ready to have fallen on my knees

and begged Elsie to tell me why she had

treated me so cruelly; and now, that she

was here sobbing and penitent before

me, it was I who was cruel and scorn-

ful, nursing my ungenerous wrath like an

angry schoolboy.



“Miss Lamont,” I said, “I once gave

you my most devoted love, and had yours





given to me in return; and then, without

cause known to me, I had that love flung

back into my face, as if it were a. vile

thing that would soil a clean woman's

hands. For two years I have sought for

some explanation of that unwomanly and

contemptu-ously cruel discarding of the

most precious thing that an honest man

can give to any woman—his true love,

and now—”



So far Elsie had listened to me, her

eyes fixed on my face and her breath

coming in quick, sobbing gasps; but here,

before I could have prevented her had

] been so minded, shetflung herself down

on her knees at my feet.



“Forgive me, John!” she cried. “See,

how I humble myself before you! I, only

i, have been to blame! I should have

known that you, a. true man, could never

have done so base a. deed. I should

have—”



“Elsie!" and I bent quickly and caught

her by her two arms, lifted her sud-

denly to her feet, and sat her down in

the chair. “I want no kneeling to me;

but I do want you to tell me what base

thing you fancied you saw me doing, and

what Belle Murdock and Harry odney

had to do with it, and what Belle Mur-

dock has told you this night. I have wait-

ed long; and now I must know. It is my

right,” and I stood before her, grimly

demanding explanations, when I might

have found an all sufficient explanation

for the time being in Elsie’s sweet pres-

ence, if I had but the sense to have look-

ed for it there.



“I will tell you. I will tell you all,"

Elsie answered trembling, but her eyes

looked bravely into mine. “All, John;

and then you can drive me from your

home, even as I drove you from mine,

and scorn me, ,even as I scorned you;

but wait, wait until you have learned

how wickedly I was deceived and how

humbly I seek your pardon for having

so basely wronged your love. Oh, believe

me, John, I did believe, it was you, be—

yond a possibility of a. doubt I believed

it was you whom I saw pawning his love

for the favor of—” She stopped for a mo—

ment, as if to gather courage, and I saw

her grip her hands tightly together in

front of her, and the red came surging

back into her cheeks, but her eyes never

once left my face, though they faltered

and wavered many a time before the tale

was told. '





Chapter XXVll.-—Belle Murdock’s Con-



fession.



“It is not an easy tale for a maiden's

lips to tell, John,” Elsie began, “and

therefore, I will word it shortly and say

it quickly. On a Saturday night. two





years ago this very night, you told me1





of your love and asked me to be your

wife; and 1——I—” Her voice trembled,

licr face grew as red as twin roses, and

she spoke so low that it was with diffi-

culty_my straining ears could catch her

words. “And i, loving you very dearly,

gave you my promise; and when I went

from you that night, John. I was a. very,

very happy woman, for I wore in my

heart womanhood's most precious jewel—

the love of the man she loves. On the

following night, in the early evening, only

twenty—four hours later, I wandered down

to the river bank, to the very spot be-

neath the great oak tree, where but

twenty-four hours before you had told me

of your love, to sit in the self—same place

and dream of you, as a fond woman ever

dreams of the man she loves; and—~and

there, beneath the same tree, on the same

green mound of grass where we had sat,

I saw you, John Delvin, and held lov-

ingly in your arms I saw Belle Murdock,

and I heard the words of love you—"



“That is, a lie! An infernal lie!” I

broke in, for the moment stirred beyond

all control of myself by an accusation so

absolutely false and so basely vile. “I

never—~"



“Hush! Hush!” and she lifted both

hands appealingly. “Listen to me. I

know now that it was not you; but I am

telling it to you exactly as it then seemed

to me; for it was your form that I saw,

the very clothes were yours, it was your

face I saw, and it was your voice that

i heard; and I heard Belle Murdock call

you over and over her ‘dear, dear John,’

her ‘dearest John,’ and I saw you kiss

her again and again, and—”



“That is a lie, a lie! I never held

Belle Murdock in my arms! I never

kissed her in my life!’ I shouted, again





losing all control of myself. “I—’.’

“Hush! Do hush!” and again she

raised her hands appealingly. “I now





know that it was not you; but then, so

near was I to the two lovers, so plainly

did I see their every act, so clearly did I

hear every word, that I would have





 





 





APRIL 13, 1912.





 





 





L‘ MEI-{5. Fashions ‘i





:2, SPRING 6! SUMMER. l.

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til,» mags; _, .

JWELWWQ ”c” '33:,

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Hum [In-(lull!





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Wliertl'i'llonsands of the Well Dressed Men,

Who Wish to Save Money, Come From





Thousands of alert men look to us for their

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Why not Join the ranks of these satisfied, well

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Let. us make your new suit. in our custom cloth-

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Men’s and Boys’ Ready-to-Weur Clothing.



Write today for either one or bot





MONTGOMERY WARD & CO.

Chicago Avenue Bridge. will and Campbell Ste.

CHICAGO KANSAS CITY





 





 





 





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FACTORY PBIGES fb‘ié‘y‘i’iifif





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I WILL MAKE YOU

PROSPEROUS





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Unusual opportuni? for men Illuloul

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Valuable Book and lull purtloulurQRlE.

Writ. today.





HATIOIAL (BO-OPERATIVE REALTY 60.





M162 Murder! Building





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selling new safety milk can cover attachment. Every

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Bell on sight. Write for particulars. °





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ANTED FOR U S. ARMY—Able-bodied. un-

married men, between as of 18 and 35,

citizens of United States. of 3 character and tem

pet-ate habits. who can speak. read and write the En-

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floor, riswold St... Detroit, .' Heuvenricfi

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lulu Assoclailon. 914 Alcoclntlon flux" Indlanuollt, Ind





 





 





 





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APRIL 1:, 1912.

sworn; John, that it was you, you whom

I saw with arms around Belle Murdock,

pouring words of love into her willing

ears, and showering kisses on her respon-

sive lips: and only the night before you

had held me in your arms, and whis-

pered words of love in my ears, and

—and showered kisses on my lips!



“John Delvin, do you wonder that,

when I stole away from that spot, all

the might of my womanhood rose in arms

against your baseness. Do you wonder

now at the manner of my breaking our

engagement and returning to you your

presents? At my refusal to listen to you9

At‘the contempt and scorn I have heaped

upon you?



”For two long dreary miserable years

I have honestly believed that it was you,

John, beyond the smallest possible shad-

ow of.a doubt I haVe believed it was you;

and, oh, how unhappy I have been, how

desperately unhappy I have been!” There

was no mistaking the note of utter an—

guish in her voice. “Now. listen, John.

Tonight, when Belle Murdock’s message

came it set my soul on fire. The mo-

ment 1’ read it I thought of you. and of

that scene on the river’s bank I had wit-

nessed two long years ago. Vl'hat else-

could Belle Murdock have to tell me that

concerned my life’s happiness?



“When I entered her room her hollow

black eyes lit up as with fire. ‘Thank

(iod you have come!’ she cried joyously.

The nurse sat by the side. of the bed.

Doctor Anderson was standing near a lit-

tle table. ‘Go out of the room, both of

you, at once,’ she ordered. ‘I must be

alone with Miss Lamont, do y0u hear?’

The nurse glanced at the doctor, he nod-

ded, and both left the room. Then she

said: ‘Shut the door.’ I closed the bed-

room door. 'Come here.’ I went and

stood by the bedside. For a. moment the

black eyes flamed up into mine. ‘You

have been kind to me, you and John Del-

vin.’ Her eyes were burning into my

soul. ‘_-\nd I have wronged you both.’

She struggled to a half—sitting posture. ‘I

am dying, Elsie, I am dying; but, before

I die, I am going to right a great wrong

and pull the mask off the biggest villain

that walks the earth unhung. Elsie, and

she caught hold of my hand and pulled

me down close, until I could feel her hot

breath in my face. ‘Elsie Lamont, that

was not John Delvin who held me in his

arms, who told me of his love, who kissed

my lips on that night two years ago. It

was—’ She stopped. Her whole- frame

quivered. The hand that gripped mine

burned. She drew her lips back from her

teeth, like the lips of a snarling dog. ‘It

was that devil, Harry Rodney; and to

keep me from telling you he has tried to

murder me—murder me while I lay here

dying in bed. But I have outwitted him

at last!’ Her eyes flamed vindictively.

‘l’ll square accounts with him before I

die. That love scene was all a put up

3th to turn you from John Delvin. Harry

Rodney, dressed in clothes like John Del-

vin‘s. face made up to look like John Del—

vin's, imitated John Delvin’s voice—Oh.

he would make a fine actor—and made

an~ to me; and’—”



“'l'he cur!” I cried wrathfully. my

hands clenching and unclenching. “The

Infernal cur!” I saw it all, understood

it all now. Ilarry Rodney had taken ad-

vantage of the close likeness his form

and features bore to mine, and the won-

derful skill of mimicry he was known to

possess, to play the part of John Delvin

making love to Belle Murdock for the es-

tecial benefit of Elsie Lamont. I have

been a very angry man many times, but

never until that moment did I know the

full power of deadly murderous hate.



“.lolm. need Iel say more?" and for

the first time her eyes sank beneath my

gaze. “Only I would tell you again now



how deeply sorry I am that I wronged

you so greatly. I had to tell you this. I

(-Tfuld not rest until you knew how I had

come to treat you so—Aso shamefully, and

how sorry I now am. I felt that it was

due your manhood and my womanhooj

for you to know this at once; and I came

straight from Belle Murdock’s sick bed

to you. Now, that I haVe. told you all

that I came to tell, I will go; for I fear

that I have wronged you too deeply for

.\'0u ever to forgive me. Goodby.” and

she arose hesitatingly to her feet.



"Wait, IhI—I— will can Jake, and

have him drive you home in the buggy,"

and I started for the door.



"Stop!” and Elsie drew herself up

stiffly and haughtily. “I prefer to walk.

Mr. Delvin. II will walk. I would not:

trouble you for the world,” and she swept

by me. her chin held high in the air.



For a moment I was too astounded by

this sudden and unaccountable change

in her demeanor to say a word; and then,





I, too, began to get angry. If she were

going to begin to hand out chunks of ice

again—well, she would not find me in a

melting mood. I had played Mr. Humility

to her Miss Scornfulness for the last time.

If she rushed away from me now in a fit

of temper, heaven only knows for what!

she could stay away for good.



Of course. I was acting like a fool,

but I did not then know it.



Elsie paused with her hand on the door

knob.



“Very well, if you prefer to walk," 1

said coldly.



She flung the door open angrily—and

ran into the arms of Ellen so violently

that she knocked the child to th; floor.



(To be continued). -



THE GOLD MINE AT HOME.

(Continued from page 461).

nering time showed a yield unprecedented.

“'heat, hay, oats and corn thrived beyond

all expectation. Zeke, on the judge’s sug-

gestion, rented a small store building in

Clover Dale, a town in the valley, and

there displayed specimens of the products

from the drainage estate in an overflow

year. There was the finest corn ever





 





 





 





seen, large compact ears. white and yel-

low. The other grain was shown in bins

and trays. It was just like a country

fair, and it attracted no end of talk. The

farmers of the valley looked at these

wonderful exhibits and then drove out to

the drainage district to see how they

were made possible on such land.



Photographs of the display were made

and printed in folders. Next season the

application for leases covered every foot

of the drainage estate the owners cared

to rent. Before that the farmers from up

the valley became excited over drainage

matters. They had observed the test and

were satisfied. Zeke and the judge pur-

chased the dredger that had saved their

lands, hired its crew and took contracts

for drainage work up the valley. Numer-

ous drainage districts were organized and

the dredgcr was contracted for five years

ahead.



Meanwhile the revenue from the drain-

age estate was coming in bountifuliy.

Zeke had written to his three wandering

brothers. and the terms he offered were

such as to bring them back on the first

train. All of them had hard luck stories

and were glad to get work back in the

land they had discarded. It was the sur-





 





 





Model Touring Car, Fully Equipped, $900.





Equipment includes the Oil Lamps, two Gas Lamps, Generator, Top with Side Curtains and

top cover, Windshield, "on, Dmountable Ri-s with Spare Rim, Tool Kit with Jack

and Tire Repair Outfit with‘ Pump.





Every essential part manufactured

by the K-R-l-T organization





Automatically, the Krit removes itself \i'e make the clutch of multiple discs

from comparison with the ordinary —ra clutch that holds, and holds, and

car at or about $900 to $1,000. holds in sand and mud and on the



hills; and yet starts the car as



smoothly as an electric.





 

   

   

   

   

   





It has nothing in common with them:

because it is a manufactured car

instead of being assembled.





   

   





“'e make the transmission and rear

axle. cut all the gears from chrome

nickel steelwthe hardest and cost-

liest metal known—and mount them

on ball bearings.





   





By that we mean that every essential

part which contributes to the

smooth, easy and economical opera—

tion of the car is produced by the

Krit organization; just the same as

$4,000 and $5.000 cars are produced

in their entirety, by their builders.





 

   

   

   

   

   





We drop forge the front axle. thus as-

suring strength and stability in a

most important member.





   

 

   





You can readily see that this process

of manufacturing. instead of as-

sembling parts bought here and

there, is vastly more economical to



the manufacturer.





   





We make the transmission drive shaft

of chrome vanadium steel, and spe-

cially heat treat it for toughness and

strength.





   





   





   

   

 





 





 





 





it spells better value Aside from these, positive evidences

of value. the Krit gives you gener-

ous size and proportions in every dc-

tail—full elliptic rear springs on two





   





In other words,

for the car owner—better materials,

better workmanship, better opera-

tive qualities.





   

   





 





prise of their lives to witness the general

activity in the valleywthe valley of deso-

lation, they used to call it. There was

plenty for them to do. The demand for





 





mechanics, farm hands and laborers was

far above. the supply. The small tenants

had to have houses. There was urgent

call for men and teams for hauling and

construction work. It was like a new

country just thrown open to settlement.

The valley towns built up fast. Good





 





roads and bridges were constructed, fine,

homes dotted the hills, prosperity was in;

the very air.



And all this was right at home! It

was wonderful, this transformation.



The judge built a fine summer cottage

overlooking this pleasant valley. where

be entertained friends from the city. He

had a motor car for land travel, and a

gasoline launch to travel through the riv-

er and canals. Before land values had

gone out of sight he had made additions

to his holdings which placed him in the

millionaire class. He and Zeke kept much

of their money with the banker who had

mistrusted the enterprise. It did them

good to watch that banker’s eyebrows

raise every time they came in with a roll

of bills or a large draft to place in his

keeping. It pleased the banker to see his

deposits increase, but somehow those

made by the judge and Zeke didn't give

him the thrill that others did.



“The trouble with most of us is." said

Zeke one day in explaining his philosophy.

“that we think the farther the game the

bigger the bird, and rely too much upon

what others tell us, rather than working

along the lines of our individual judg—

ment. \Vhen we read big type announce-

ments of a happy country sixteen miles

the other side of Land’s End we believe

it‘s so because somebody we don’t know

says so, and because it’s hard to get

there. Alaska. and her gold mines are

very alluring for the reason that there's

a long and arduous journey before you

get there, and when you are there you

are likely to freeze to death while finding

your gold mine. ‘We become so enthused

over those things, and the mystery of

them, that we can’t see the bigger and

better paying gold mine right here at

home. I never thought that opportunity

was something that had to be chased

around the world. To the fellow with

eyes to see, 'it’s generally standing at his

elbow."





 





 





   





models, etc, etc.





 

 





Thus, we design and make the motor

~-cast the Ci'linders in one piece to Study the Krit from this new view-

give rigidity and preserve alignment: point we have given you, and you

equip it with ball bearings and with will revise all your ideas of value in

connecting rod bearings 50 per cent a $900 car.

larger than usual, to promote smooth

running, silence and the greater de- “'rite today for the catalog and deal—

velopment of power. er's numc.





Model “A” Roadster, $800. nodal “KR” Roadster, $900. Model

“KD” Covered Delivery, $900. Model “U” Underslnng Roadster,

$1,000. All models fully equipped.





The Krit Motor Car Co., Dept. ll. Detroit, Mich.





   

   

   

   





 





   





 





I





00 For Any One of These Styles





Direct From Quarry to Cemetery





 





Styles. . sryiec. ‘ - N 3 '“ style r.»-





Positively the lowest prices ev I quoted on tomb tones of such splendid quality

in this size. Read this description:



Made of best dark veined Vermont marble,experl workmanshi . Dimensions:

Tablet, 3 inches thick; total height, I4 inches.





. Lettering extra, oman Italic V

sunk letters 2% cents each; Gothic V sunk letters 6 cents each; raised letters I5

cents each.





You can order direct from this advertisement with perfect security. Simply

select the style you wish, and also the kind of lettering, enclosing $3.00 for

the tombstone and the small amount which the lettering will come to. We

will ship the tombstone to you direct from the quarry, and if you don't find

it to be. exactly what you wanted in every respect. write us for shipping

instructions back to the quarry, and it won't cost you a penny.





Write for Free Monument and Tombstone Book No.75M90





In any event, write us a; once and get our new beautiful Book of Tombstones and

Monuments, ncbly Illustrating and describing over 500 splendid styles. We offer only the

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ma Ificent monuments from $14.00 to $768.00. This book is FREE. Simply send your name

an address and we Will gladly send it to you, postpaid. Be sure to mention Book No.75M90,





SEARS, ROEBUCK AND CO., CHICAGO, ILLINOIS
‘Mh— . .m...





shawl”??? "‘1': " "' r





 





 





 





 





 





Split Hickory Wheel Test Stands

6 Men’s Weight Easily





 





2000 Mile High Collar Axles 1 412 lbs. in 1 Comfortable Seat ,





 

 





H. C. Phelps,





President





   





 





f__._.n.._._._ five-.-





Ifhou flaw-u Include On), Up to August I, IDH‘





Want to. He offers—





 





Phelps’ Big 1912 Book is the greatest Vehicle

Show Room in the world—displaying, for your choice,

OVer 125 styles of a great variety of 1912 Auto Seat

" "" Buggies—Runahouts———Surreys—Carriages—Phaetons

Get names ofPhelps’customers nearyou—Map —-—Spring Wagons—and a full line of high grade



on page 10 shows where 150.000 live Iiarness_

' ‘ This Book contains a greater variety of Vehicles

than you could find in ten large towns or in 25

dealers’ stores.



From Phelps you can get what you want—when

you want it—not what some dealer happens to have

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finish, upholstering, trimming, etc.——made to order

for you.





 





 





 





 





 





 





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l/I AIMJHMIN.” k" l'

Sphtlfliéili/m”





 





 

 





Station 32 .





Tr_y Any Buggy

Phelps Makes

an Hard Roads





30 DA Y3





FREE





Return it if not as rep-

resented— Guaranteed

Two Years if

you keep it.





c ———-—-—.-_ .__





 

   

 





1, ;"‘""9;" ”MI! > I

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Free.





Over 275 photographs and

178 pages of biggest values.

Postage paid if you send your ,1

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1912





Split Hickory Shaft Test. Also. Handsome. Stronger Auto-Seat Bradley Quick Shitters.no rattle. Braced 13 in. Dash. Extra All

Large 5th Wheel'Guaranteed





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Save 328

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You How He Makes the. Best Buggy

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._ _ ,, _ , on his liberal selling plan that has saved over 150,000 regular

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A They will tell you so—many near you.





Ask Phelps who if you





Biggest Selection and Made-To-Order





Remember, too, that “Split Hickory” — the

world famous Phelps’ highest grade made buggy

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celebrated triple A grade found in no other Vehicle

as explained fully by Phelps in his big book.





His book also explains why he can take the risk

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on 30 Days Road Test—and guarantee it two years

it you keep it.- Don’t you want this Big display

Book of Buggy Styles? FREE—he pays the postage.

Send him a postal.



Address H. C. PHELPS, PreSident





The Ohio Carriage Manufacturing Company





Columbus, Ohio





The Largest Buggy Factory in the World Selllng Direct to Consumer





Don't

You

Want a





Free ,

Road

Test

of this)

Auto





   

   

   

 

 





 





773- i"

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President





 





 





   





30-Day





 

 

   





 





 





 





 





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