The Only Weekly . a-





VOL. CXXXVIII. No. 2!. g

Whole Number 360].





HERE are three ways of caring for

the orchard soil. They are cultiva-

tion and cover crop method, the sod



mulch method and the half-sod mulch

method. Neglect of the- soil in the or—

chard is not a method but rather a lack

of method and should not be confused

with any of the methods just mentioned.



The sod mulch method has some strong

advocates and in some locations is un-

doubtedly the best method to be used.

Such locations are those that have plenty

Of soil moisture and where plenty of

mulching material can be obtained. Hill-

sides that can not be easily cultivated and

are liable to wash can also be sod mulch-

ed. The sod mulch method is the excep-

tion rather than the rule. In practicing

it care must be taken to do it thoroughly.

Many prominent praéticers of it do not

mulch their trees enough. The mulching

should be put on thick enough under the

trees to kill out all growth of grass or

weeds as tar out as the spread of the

limbs.



The half sod mulch method is practical

for those who believe in cultivation but

have hillside orchards that are too steep

to permit cultivating the entire surtace.

It is a combination of the sod mulch

method and cultivation, a strip of sod

four to six feet wide being left in the tree

rowrand the rest of the space being cul-

tivated and sown to covert crops. The

sod strips should be at right angles to

the general flow of the- water. The sod

part should be treated the same as in

the sod mulch method. The advantages

of this system are that it prevents wash—

ing of the soil and also gives all the ben-

efits of clean cultiVation.



The cultivation and cover crop method

is generally accepted as the best method

of caring for the orchard soil. Without

a doubt it should be practiced in nine-

tenths of the cases.



The, principles underlying the reason

for cultivating an orchard are the same

as those underlying the reason for culti--

vating any crop. The conservation of

soil moisture, destroying of weeds and

the areation of the soil to hasten the

process of making the plant food avail-

able are important to the benefit of the

orchard. The small, hair like roots lying





DETROIT. MICH” SATURDAY, MAY 25. 1912.





ORCHARD CULTIVATION.





_____._____._.___.





 





 





ll





Cherry Trees by the Roadside. In One Season $500 Worth of Cherries were Taken





from this Row.





near to the surface are the main feeders

of the tree. Most of the plant food is in

the first few feet of the soil. it is nec-

essary, therefore, to make conditions such

so that this plant food is made most eas-

ily and quickly available to these Sur-

face roots. This is best done by culti-

vation. ~

(‘ultivation should start as early in

spring as possible and should at least be

started by the time the blossoms fall The

moisture from the spring rains should be

conserved as much as possible. Plowing

is generally advisable as there is usually

some growth of the cover crop sowed the

past fall that the plow will handle better

than anything else. However. if there is

not much growth disking is preferred as





Trees are Assured of Cultivation on One Side.





the work can be done quicker and the

disk will not cut the roots as easily as

the plow. If plowing is done it should be

done as shallow as js consistent with good

turning under ol‘ the green stuff. The

plowing should always be done one way

as the roots become established and in

plowing cross ways there would be an

unnecessary cutting of the rOots The

ridges caused by plowing can be Worked

down to a great extent with the cultivat—

ing tools. in this the disk also has an

advantage over the plow. It can' be

worked both ways and the ground can be

kept more level.



This early cultivation may also be im-

portant for another reason, whtre cover

crops are grown, and that is, that in the





icultural, Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State.





Shoo A YEAR.

32.75 5 YEARS





Spring after the cover crop has attained

some size and is growing rapidly, it uses

an enormous amount of moisture that

should be available to the trees Of

course. should the soil be in need of

humus the crop could be allowed to grow

longer than where vegetable matter was

not lacking and especially in a rainy sea-

son, but it is better not to permit the

crop to remain on too long. The small

rootlets of the tree grow quickly and be-

come entwined with the roots ol‘ the cover

crop after a short period. The plowing

down of the. crop breaks ‘op this root for-

mation and thus cuts down the drinking

and feeding capacity of the tree. Early

plowing would avoid, in whole. or part,

this disturbance to the root system.





Tools to be used in cultivating the or-

chard should be determined by the kind

of soil in the orchard Any tool that will

work the soil up well is suitable. There

are. several cultivator-s that are made for

orchard cultivation especially that will

quickly and conveniently keep the soil

in a nice dust mulch after it has been

worked down in spring. Extension disks

and (ultivators are very desirabh in or-

chard work because of the nearness to

the tree that they can be worked.



The ground should be kept in a good

dust mulch condition until about the mid-

dle of July or first of August when it

should be sown to some cover crm». In

dry seasons the cultivation may be con-

tinued a little longer than in good grow-

‘ing years. It is very seldom advisable to

cultivate after the first week in August.

it is very essential to stop soon enough

to allow the tree to stop growing and

thoroughly harden up its wood before the

winter sets in. Generally cultivation

should be stopped sooner on young fast;

growing trees than on hearing ones.

Young trees are most liable to carrv im-

mature w00d into the winter and suffer

from winter injury as the result.



Half—way methods of all kinds are to

be condemned. I would rather see an

orchard in sod with the grass and weeds

out with a mower once or twice than to

see an orchard half plowed and cultivat-

ed. Growing grains or allowing stock to

pasture in the orchard is not good or-

charding, although some orchards that





 





it





 





 





.~.>-\





\





.
594 (2)





have been used as hog yards have paid-

An orchard is a thing that will stand

quite a little abuse and still pay some

profit if it is sprayed. But orchards so

abused are not those that pay the maxi-

mum profits or pay good profits yearly.

Experience has proven that it pays

abundantly to give the soil of the orchard

good care.



Van Buren Co.





F. A. WILKEN.





 





FARM NOTES.





 





. Bean Culture.



“'ill you kindly advise me how to suc-

cessfully grow a crop of beans? The

field is a sandy loam sod, mowed last year

and top-dressed with manure last winter.

I plowed it early this spring and would

like to sow to wheat this fall. Is the last

of May too early to sow? How wide

apart should the rows be, how much seed

should be used, and how often should the

crop be cultivated?’



Midland Co. READER.



This preparation of land for beans

should insure a good crop. The bean

crop is not generally given as good a.

chance upon Michigan farms as it should

be, being ordinarily used as a second,

rather than a first crop in the rotation

following grass. The time of planting

should depend upon Weather conditions,

as the soil should be in condition to pro-

mote an early germination of the seed

and quick growth of the plant. Beans

are ordinarily planted with a drill, which

necessitates making the rows 28 to 35

inches apart. This makes little difference

with the yield, so long as the amount of

seed used is approximately the same.

Vl'here drilled in rows of this width about

three pecks per acre are planted, or where

planted in checks about one—half bushel.

Cultivation should begin as soon as the

rows can be followed, which is often

within a week or ten days from planting.

Where the ground is plowed early and

well burrowed before planting, it will not

be necessary to continue cultivation very

late. It is better not to cultivate When

the vines are wet as this facilitates the

spreading of anthracnose and other fun—

gous diseases of the bean plant. The

crop may be safely put in the last of May

under favorable weather conditions, which

will insure maturing sufficiently early to

get the ground into wheat in the fall.



Disking vs. Plowing for Corn.



'I have a field of wheat that was not

very good and I want to put it to corn.

\l'ould it do just as well to disk it and

would 1 get just as good corn as if I

plowed it?



Cass Co. F. B.



If the field were disked' up thoroughly

to the same. depth that it would be plow-

cd, it is probable that the result would be

just as satisfactory as though the ground

were plowed, and perhaps more so, as the

capillarity of the soil would be better pre-

served, but it would require fully as

much time and work to fit the field prop-

erly in this way as to plow it. and in

case there are places where the wheat

has attained some little growth it would

be better to use the plow instead of the

disk. It may be a good plan to experi-

ment on this field, disking a portion of

it and plowing the balance in order to

determine this matter for yourself and

under your own local conditions.





Building a Corncrib.



I intend to build a double corn crib,

that is, a crib on each side of a driveway

and under one roof. and would be pleas—

(-d to get plans for same as to width of

cribs. width of driveway. etc. Would it do

to make the bottom of cribs of concrete?



Jackson CO. J. C.



The double corncribs of the type men-

tioned above are usually made about 16

feet wide with an eight—foot driveway

through the center, making the crib on

each side about four feet wide. Formerly

it was the practice to make them a foot

or two wider at the top than at the beta

tom, but in. recent years the most com-

mon method has been to bevel the edge

of the boards to side up the crib on the

outside, so as to prevent the free admis-

sion of moisture and at the same time

admit of the free circulation of air. Re-

garding the use of a concrete floor in

corncribs, it is the writer’s opinion that

it would be satisfactory, provided a. good

layer of Cinders were placed under the

concrete and proper surface drainage pro-

vided about the building.



Teoointe as a Forage Crop.





Please advise me as to raising tecsinte;

how to now, how much seed per acre. and

Also the best way to harvest: and





Ethexhat time. Is it of much value for

horse feed?

[ngham Co. H. O.





This plant gives wonderful yields of

forage in the south on rich soil, where

the seasons are long and the climate is

moist, but in the north it is not consid-

ered of superior value and is not the

equal of com as a forage crop. For this

reason It should be experimented with on





a small scale instead of making it a main

dependence for forage purposes. It has

an advantage as a soiling crop in that'it

may be cut more than once, as it tillers

abundantly and will send up new stalks

after the first cutting. It will, however,

produce as abundant forage if allowed to

grow to near maturity and cut but once.



The seed should be planted late in May

or early in June on a well prepared seed

bed. drilling in rows three and one-half

to four feet apart and thinning to one

plant each foot. One pound of good seed

will be sufficient to plant an acre. Give

the same culture as for corn and use for

a soiling crop or cure in the same

manner.





Steel Roofs and Lightning.



_VVill you kindly inform me at your ear-

liest convenience through the columns of

your paper as to whether steel roofing is

considered a protection from lightning?



Eaton Co. F J. C



It is generally conceded that steel roofs

will furnish a large measure of protection

against lightning in case the roof is

grounded by running wires down the cor-

ners of the building, grounding them in

permanently moistened earth and con-

necting‘ them with the roof and cave

troughs.





BETTER SEED BEANS WILL PRO-

DUCE INCREASED YIELDS.





 





Readers of the agricultural papers and

magazines could not help but be im-

pressed by the good seed campaign car-

ried on this spring. The careful selec-

tion of pure seeds has been emphasized

again and again. The agricultural press

has done nobly in pointing out the neces-

sity of unadulterated grass seeds and the

danger of sowing the cheap and impure.

Lengthy articles have appeared upon the

sowing of oats and barley, thoroughly

milled and as free from light and inferior

seeds as possible. Repeatedly have- ar-

ticles been read by the writer upon the

advisability of testing seed corn. The

Michigan Farmer has ever been in the

front ranks in the securing of larger

yields by the way of better seeds. With

articles and illustrations it has pointed

out that good seed, free from impurities

and of a high germinating standard was

not only advisable, but what is more, a

necessity providing a large yield is to be

secured.



Vl'hat has been true of the clover-s, the

spring grain. and the'com crop will also

be true of the bean crop. The successful

farmer has bought his clover seed only

after the most thorough investigation,

milled his oats and tested his seed corn.

But what about the seed beans? \Vill

they receive the same careful inspection

by the bean growers throughout the

state? Perhaps some will, but is it not

true that in far too many cases during

the rush to get the crop in that “any old

culls" will be drilled upon newly plowed.

half fitted ground. Surely a thing Worth

doing is worth doing well and seed beans

should have the same- careful inspection

and testing as other seeds secure. ,



The bean crop of Michigan in recent

years ranked as the best in the world.

This prestige “as established by an ad—

vertising campaign of the Michigan Bean

Association in the following manner: Its

members used in their correspondence

folders giving the relative value of beans

as food in comparison with several of

the principal food articles and laid par-

ticular stress on the fact that Michigan

beans are the best in the world. A can-

ner soon afterward took advantage of the

advertising campaign and advertised also

that he used only the best Michigan

beans which are the best the world over.

This limited advertising campaign firmly

established the supremacy of Michigan

beans. .



How long this prestige can be main-

tained remains to the bean growers. Not

fer many years if farmers are influenced

in the unwise planting of inferior seed.

The erroneous claim that culls are good

enough for seed must be overcome. In-

ferior seed beans produCe plants of low

vitality, subject to disease and of unde—

sirable strains. The natural tendency of

all plants or animals is to degenerate and

hence the 'bean grower must build up—

ward, not downward. It is up. then, to

the bean grower if he desires more than

a crop of cull beans. to plant more than

culls. He must secure improved seed.

not the seed of a low vitality; beans that

will grow rapidly and mature early, and

thus will he avoid the losses frequently

occasioned by the autumn rains,



Prof. Hopkins writes that there are six

essentials and positive factors in a suc-

cessful amp production. and he heads the

list with seed. He further adds. “Good

seed is exceedingly important.” The





' me "MICHIGAN PARMER. ’





 





quality of the seed selected and plan-ted

determines how productive the other five

factors will have a chance to be. Thus,

the whole success or failure of the crop

may be made with the seed. Surely. with

the yield depending upon the seed, too

much attention can not be given to hav~

ing seed of ‘the highest standard possible.



Careful selection of ‘the seed beans will

net the bean growers of the state larger

crops, of a -higher grade, at a smaller

expense per acre. This may be a strong

assertion but try it and see for yourself:

All crop authorities agree that the bet-

ter the seed and its germinating power,

the better the stand, other things being

equal. From the strong stand a better

quality is secured with a higher market-

able value per unit. And all this upon

the same acreage. But further, a strong

healthy plant grows faster and matures

sooner than the plant of low vitality, The

earlier maturity of the crop may save

the extra expense for labor and the ser-

ious losses caused by the fall rains that

are apt to occur.



Then it behooves the bean growers that

desire to make the larger profit from

their bean crop the Coming season to

wake up, to get a hustle on and to se-

cure the best seed beans obtainable.



Oakland Co. E. S. C.



HOW TO APPLY FERTILIZER FOR



POTATOES.





 





 





As I have never had any experience

with fertilizer I would like to know how

to use it. I want to use it on a field that

has been pastured two years, for pota-

toes. How much per acre should I use

and when and how shall I use it?



Isabella CO. L. N.





If you plant potatoes with a potato

planter that has a fertilizer attachment

that is the way to apply the fertilizer.

Not because it is particularly the best

but because it is the most convenient, and

it will do very well. I would distribute

200 to 300 pounds when I planted the po-

tatoes and then as soon as they began to

come up, say just before the first or sec-

ond cultivation, go over the ground again

with a potato planter and distribute some

more fertilizer. Let a little stream run

On either side of the row, you can do this

with a modern potato planter. Then cul-

tivate the potatoes and work this fer-

tilizer into the soil. For this last applica—

tion you could use 400 to 500 pounds as

yOu think best. This is the easiest anrl

most convenient way to apply fertilizer

to potatoes. If you haven't got a potato

planter with fertilizer distributor or if

you don't use a planter at all, then I

would furrow the ground cut with a

shovel plow, scatter some fertilizer in the

bottom of the furrow, mix it with the

dirt. and then drop the potatoes properly.

I think the best way to apply fertilizer,

certainly where a heavy application is

used, is to put on about 500 pOunds of

fertilizer to the acre broadcast, before

the potatoes "are planted at all, cultivate

it into the soil and get it all mixed, you

want a good even distribution, and then

when 3011 plant your potatoes use at the

rate of 200 pounds in the row with the

potatoes. If you have no machinery to

apply the fertilizer in this way you can

distribute it by hand with vno great

trouble. COLON C. LILLIE.





is FARMING IA LOTTERY?





 





In The Farmer of May 11, L. J. Brad-

ley. of Kalamazoo county, sees fit to

criticize me a little for aying. “That

farming was a sort of lott y any way."

in an article just after I had finished

sowing my cats on April 17. The reason

I made the remark was because the

ground was in good condition for sowing

and the weather looked favorable until

toward night of the 17th, when quite a.

snow storm came on during the night.

which slowly melted the next day. mak-

ing the ground very wet. But fortu-

nately, the ground did not stay wet long

enough to rot any of the oats. They

were a little slow about coming up. but

they are all up and growing nicely now,

and I would sooner chance them for a

crop than any 301711 in May. Mr. Brad-

ley candidly admits that early sown oats

are the best in his locality. Such is the

experience of the majority of farmers in

many other localities. Then why should

he criticize Hr. Lillie and myself for

sowing our oats as early as the middle

of April. if the soil was in proper condi-

tion for working; and the weather was

favorable, even if we did get caught last

year. which, to my certain knowledge.

only happened once before in 15 years.

That is, that oats rotted anywhere near

ashadutheydldlastyearafterbeinz

sown. A farmer may fit his ground In the





 





best-of shape and take great pains put-J





ting In a crop, and everything look fav-

arablerbut before harVest, owing to un-

favorable weather conditions. the crop

may prove nearly. if not quite, a failure.

At least such has occasionally been .my

experience in the business of farming.

After havinghad such an experience is it

anything strange that I should consider

farming as something of a lottery. 'Mr.

Bradley says he does not believe in sow-

ing oats until he can feel comfortable

without a woolen undershirt on. Now. it

would not be- possible for me to follow

that rule. becauSe I never were a woolen

undershirt in my life. He further says

he hopes I will take his criticism in a

friendly spirit. To take such criticism in

any other manner, would show a lack of

good sense.





Ottawa Co. JOHN JACKSON.





FERTI LIZIN’G CORN GROUND.





 





I am plowing 14 acres of ground for

corn; land is along Thornapple river,

about 15 feet above river level. Land is

for most part dark sand and gravel loam,

some lighter sand and on one side a clay‘

loam, but for the most part it is sandy

gravel loam, not real dark or too light

sand. Three years ago I plowed under

meadow sod and had a big stand of corn.

Had a favorable season, quite a lot of

rain, and had about 1,300 bu. crates of

corn on 14 acres, though the corn failed

at the end of the season of maturing ev-

en fair sized ears, so I am satisfied that

the element mostly lacking is phosphoric

acid. I had the poorest oat crop after

the corn I ever harvested. Did not con-

sider it good oat ground but did not want

to break my rotation. I prepared it well

for wheat, drew on some manure, plowed

under at. oat sowing, then back on top

for wheat, sowed wheat the 15th of Sep-

tember and with favorable wheat season

last year had 20 bu. per acre on the 14

acres, but had a very dry summer and

lost my seeding, the first seeding lost in

several years’ seeding on wheat. As I

said at first, am plowing this same piece

for corn but am fearful it won't mature

a good crop. It will start well but will

fail in caring and maturing. How would

about 200 lbs. of steamed bone meal per

acre do on this land and how would you

put it on? I have no fertilizer drill nor

corn planter with fertilizer attachment.

How would it do to sow on broadcast af—

ter planting corn. as I shall drag corn

twice with spikctooth drag before culti—

vating, or would sowing broadcast be too

much of a job? I want to sow rye in the





corn for fall paSture and mammothclover -





next spring and drag seed in, or .WQIIId

you use some other fertilizer? _’

Barry CO. ' SUBSCRIBER.





From the history of. the field given in'

your letter, I am inclined to think that

your land needs both phosphoric acid and

potash. If you have a good thrifty

growth of stalks it would seem that the

plant has got a sufficient amount of nitro-

gen. Your soil, though, is one of those

kinds of soil that gives up its nitrogen

oasily and a soil in which nitrification

takes place rapidly during warm weather.

These kinds of soils are the best for

corn. But, where nitrogen is consumed

in large amounts it must necessarily take

phosphoric acid and potash to produce

the plant. This draws heavily upon

these constituents. The very fact that

your corn didn’t ear well shows that it

lacks phosphoric acid, as you surmise.



I would not use steamed bone meal

alone. Steamed bone meal is a good

source of phosphoric acid and nitrogen

but it contains no potash, and if you pur—

chase steamed bone meal I would also

purchase "some muriate of potash and

mac about 100 to 150 pounds to the acre.

Personally, I would use a mixed fertilizer

containing about two per cent of am-

monia, eight per cent of phosphoric acid,

and four per cent of actual potash. Then

the three ingredients can be all applied

at onetime. It might be, however. that

all yomwould need is phosphoric acid and

potash, and then I would use a, mixed

fertilizer containing these two ingredi-

ents, one something like 10:4, that is ten

per cent of phosphoric acid and four per

cent of potash.



As long as you have no fertilizer drill

the fertilizer can be distributed broadcast

as our forefathers used to apply land

plaster, or you can load the fertilizer in

your wagon box, get a couple of men to

assist you, you really ought to have three.

one to driVe the team. one to scatter on

each side of the wagon. and one from

the back of the wagon, and you could go

over the ll-acre field some morning be—

fore breakfast. I would recommend a

heavier application of fertilizer than you

suggest. I don't think an pounds is enough

for com. I would use at least 500 pounds.

You may think this will coat' too much,

butif youhadtenlondsqlmanmtothe

acre to put onto this field you would not

hesitate to apply it, and the cost of ap-

plication would amount to more mm 500

pounds of fertilizer per we.



Com»: 0. LILuu. l





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MAY 25, 1912.





 





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





 





PRACTICAL SCIENCE.





 





 





 





 





ANIMAL NUTRITION.





 





BY FLOYD W. ROBISON.





Metabolism.



In our preceding discussion we haVe at—

tempted to give brielly and yet with suffi-

cient clearness, so that the reader will

grasp in general terms at least, the prin-

ciples upon which the digestion of food

is based.‘ . We have likewise attempted to

show that the digestion of food is in itself

not a vitalistic phenomenon taking place

inside the animal organism but rather a

more Or less mechanical operation prepar-

ing food for assimilation later on in the

absorptive organs of the body.



If food were entirely soluble and if it

existed in the raw mate-rial m the same

condition in which it exists after it has

been taken up by the circulatory system

of the body, there would be n8 need for

digestive organs nor would there be need

for digestive fluids with their accompany—

ing enzymes. The conditions, however,

which pertain in food have rendered it

necessary that each complex organism,

Such as the animal body, be furnished

with means permitting it to attack and

make more simple and soluble food mate—

rial which in crude form is presented to

the organism. Hence the necessity of a.

more or less complex digestive system

for animals.





The Building Up and Tearing Down in

the Body.



The digestion of food having become,

accomplished in the alimentary canal, and

the undigested, rejected residues having

been passed on and subsequently elimi—

nated, the next step concerns the-intro-

duction of these digested portions into the

body proper.‘ The: process by which the

food is handled after it leaves the all-

mentary canal is what we call meta-

bolism. The metabolism of food means

the changes which that food undergoes in

its building into the cellular structure of

the body and in its breaking down,

through muscular and vital activity, in

the body. The proceSS of metabolism

which 'we call constructive, or the build—

ing" up'process, is termed anabolism, while

the destructive or breaking down process

styled catabolism. Both processes are

comprised in the general term metabol—

ism. Both processes are carried on by

means of the circulatory system of the

body. The anabolic changes are in gen-

eral carried .on through the arterial sys-

tem supplemented by the lymphatics and

capillaries. The catabolic changes are in

general carried on through the capillaries

and the veinous system.





The Circulatory System Like a City

Water System.



The circulatory system therefore con—

sists in general of three divisions; first,

lymphatics; second, the veins and arter—

ies; third, the capillaries. The main

trunks of the circulatory system, that is,

the arteries and veins, may in general be

likened to the water and sewage systems

of a city. The large vvater mains in the

city fulfill the same purpose generally as

do the arteries, that is carry the pure

supply to the cells of the body. The veins

represent in gcnerul the sewage system

of a city, carrying the waste products of

metabolism to the outlets of the body. it

is necessary for the nourishment of the

cells in the body that from time to time

these arteries be tapped with branching

tubes of lower diameter, finally terminat-





ing in the fine network of capillaries.

Food material carried in the arteries in

the blood may thus, through the net-





work of capillaries enter into the struc-

ture of the cells themselves. So it is in

the water system of the city. The main

trunk line is not used except rarely to

furnish the individual water supply,’ but

lateral pipes of lower diameter spread out

like a net—work of capillaries to furnish

this water supply, in the same way. Sim-

ilarly with the sewage system of the

body. it starts in the capillaries and ac-

cumulating gradually pours into the larg-

er tubcs until they finally reach the large

trunk vein. and thus to the sewer outlets

of the body.



The Circulatory System a Marvelous



System.



The system of food supply and waste

disposal in the body is one of the finest

and most complete, if not the most com-

plete. waste disposal system known. Just

how important it is that these systems

be kept clear and free is shown when the

seriousness of a damming up of any of

the large veins, or sewers, is comprehend-

ed. Without doubt, there is no more im-





portant function, so far as the physical

condition of the body is concerned, than

that of keeping in perfect control these

anabolic and catabolic changes in the

body. The stoppage of a city sewer sys-

tem parallels in effect the clogging of the

channels of excretion in the body. It is

little wonder that our greatest insight

into animal physiology has been obtained

through a study of the circulatory system.

The Uses of the Absorptive Nutrients in

the Body.



As we have noted heretofore, the prin

cipal uses of the nutrients which are all—

sorbed in the body are to furnish energy

for the carrying on of the various vital

functions, and to furnish heat to main-

tain the temperature of the body. One

does not think of the immense amount of

heat needed which, of course, must be

supplied by the burning within the cell

of the absorbed nutrients of the food

but if one should take a box the size of

the animal body arid attempt to main—

tain it twenty-four hours at 100 degrees

F., during any and all kinds of weather,

the exceedingly great amount of heat

thus required would be quite astonishing.



it is probable that the prote-ids of the

food are changed into serum albumin and

scrum globulin. and a portiOn no doubt

changed into fat. Protein, however, is

not completely utilized in the animal or-

ganism for we find still an unutilized por—

tion in the urine, namely, the urca. The

carbohydrates, that is the starchcs, sug-

ars, etc, all of which in general when

absorbed and taken into the body are in





the form of grape sugar or glucose are

without doubt changcd principally into

fats.



Mineral Matter Eliminated in the Urine.





Nearly all of the digested mineral mat-

ter except that which is built (anabolism)

into the bony structure of thc body, be-

comes eliminated in the urine which is

voided through the great sewer outlet of

the body. Of course. the skin serves an

important function in this respect also.

The Pioneers in Nutrition Investigation.



So complete is our knowledge of the

total changes which food undergoes in

the body and its residual products which

leave the body, that practically every-

thing in the food may now be accounted

for. Through the researches of the late

in". \V'. 0. Atwatcr, the pioneer of nutri—

tion investigators in America, and tho

subsequent work of Kellner, Armsby and

others with tho respiration

much light has bet-n





 





 





 





thrown on the,





changes which food undergoes in the ani_ ‘





mal body. The respiration

has furnished a ncucleus upon which to

work and much of the progress now noted

in animal husbandry is due directly to

the impetus given by these men.





NATURE KILLS THE WEAK.





 





 





The survival of the fittest is fully cX-

emplified in the growing of grain, ac-

cording to cxpcriments recently conduct-

ed by tho Nebraska Experiment Station,

a rcport of which has just been received

by the Department of Agriculture.



Beginning in the fall of 1907 a series

of small wintcr whcat plats were sown

for the purpose of procuring data on the

amount of natural elimination of plants

that takes place under various ralcs of

planting, and also to determine to what.

degree plants coming from undeveloped

or small seeds might be eliminated whe'n

planted in compctition with plants from

large, well-developed seeds. it was found

that for every 100 seeds of wheat or oats

sown under favorable conditions, about

one—third that come up, for some cause

or other, died out before maturity. At

least one cause for this seems to be the

natural competition which takes place

when the stronger plants crowd out the

weaker ones. This seems to be nature's

method of maintaining the stronger and

more vigorous plants in field crops when

sown under ordinary conditions.



it was ascertained that the thicker the

rate of planting the greater number of

plants are crowded out. Practical results

with corn have shown that seed grown

under thick planting, namely, five plants

per bill, has produced a higher yield than

seed from one stalk per hill, the differ-

ence after six years’ selection from the

two rates of planting amounting to seven

or eight bushels per acre.



Nature seems to have’ a Way of elimi-

nating the weaklings, especially when

very thick planting is done as is the cus-

tom when sowing small grain crops.





calorimeter :





 





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kg. ' ’/ //





 





   





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”W ‘

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a fig} D \





 





The Chain " of Communication





EACH Bell Telephone is the

center of the system. This

system may be any size or any

shape, with lines radiating

from any subscriber’s telephone,

like the spokes of a wheel,

to the limits of the subscriber’s

requirements, whether ten miles

or a thousand.





Somewhere on the edge of this

subscriber’s radius is another who

requires a radius of lines stretch-

ing still further away. On the

edge of this second subscriber’s

radius is still a third, whose re-

quirements mean a further exten-

sion of the lines, and so on.





This endless chain of systems

nay be illustrated by a series of

)verlapping circles. Each addi-

:ional subscriber becomes a new





center with an extended radius

of communication, reaching other

subscribers.





However small the radius, the step-

by—step extension from neighbor

to neighbor must continue across

the continent without a stopping

place, until the requirements of

every individual have been met.





There can be no limit to the ex-

tension of telephone lines until the

whole country is covered. There

can be no limit to the system of

which each Bell telephone is the

center, up to the greatest distance

that talk can be carried.





Because these are the fundamental

needs of a nation of telephone

users, the Bell System must pro-

vide universal service.





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calorimeter, ‘





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+ THE DAIRY _





 





CONDUCTED BY COLON C. LILLIE.





 





CORN AND SOY BEANS FOR SILAGE.





 





I want to go into the dairy business on.

a moderate plan. I have a silo and I

want toknow if cowpeas or soy beans

are a good thing to cut and put in with

silage. I have no pasture so will have to

feed winter and summer. Under my con—

ditions what would you advise me to

feed? How much? How should 1 man-

age a place of this kind? I intend put-

ting in some alfalfa.



Monroe (Jo. H. J.





By mixing soy beans or cowpeas with

the time of filling the silo one would get

an ensilage which is richer in protein

than- wheie corn is used alone. It will

make more nearly a balanced ration for

the cows, and .I believe it will make fully

as palatable a ration, for the cows like

either cowpeas or soy beans. At first

thought one would say that it would be

much better to grow these crops together

and fill the silo with the combination,

than it would to fill the- silo with corn

alone, but if you stop and think that

when you have a good crop of corn on

hand there is little chance for that same

land to grow cowpcas. I tried this once

and I couldn‘t get any growth ‘of cowpeas

and soy beans. \\'hy, even weeds will not

grow in a silage corn field after the corn

gets well started, it is so shady. The

corn occupies the whole ground. I think

the only practical way would be to raise

soy beans on one field and corn on the

other and then mix them as the silo is

being filled.



There is another question also that

should be considered here. \\'ith good

land and good tillage you can raise 15 to

25 tons of corn silage per acre. How many

tons of cowpeas and soy bcans one can

raise I do not know, but unquestionably

nowhere near this amount. Now will it

pay to grow a certain acreage of soy

beans to mix with the corn silage to make

a more nearly balanced food. or will it

pay to plant this ground all to corn and

raise more. corn and then buy a concen-

trated food rich in protein to get the nec-

essary protein to balance up the ration?





\Jl‘hat is a question that is worth discuss—

»?ing. All We would attempt to raise the





soy beans for would be to add protein to

the corn silage. \Ve can add this in the

form of gluten feed. or oil meal, in the

grain ration when we are feeding. I am

going to try some soy beans this year and

mix it with silage as an experiment.



I believe that II. .I. can make a success

out of this manner of keeping dairy cows

and do away with pasture if his land is

all tillablc land. I do not think we are

warranted in having very much land (le—

voted to pasture that is level and in good

condition to raise- crops.





REDUCING THE SIZE OF A SILO.





 





I would like to know your opinion on

our silo, it is 13 ft. across, inside diam—

eter; it is made of two thicknesses of 1A;-

in. lumber and paper in between and then

studded with 2x4's every 12 in. it is

shectc-d on the inside with two more

thicknesses of 1(yin. lumber and paper.

\Ve purchased this farm four years ago

and this silo was on the place but we.

have ncvcr used it. Now this is what 1

want to know. The lumber in this silo

on the inside for about '10 or l2 ft. high is

all rotted, full of holes. some of them as

much as a foot square. which were caused

by letting the ensilage rot in it. They

tell us the silo is too large and to reduce

the size we intended to spike 2x4’s on the

inside, as it is 15 ft. and we are told 12

ft. is what we want. then board it up.

"We want to reduce the structure from 15

ft. to 12 ft, Now can this be done suc-

cessfully. The amount of stock we keep

is seven cows and we raise four calves

every year and we, have four two-ycar-

olds every year, so we have 15 head every

wintcr to winter through and 27 shecp

that we wanted to feed ensilage to. Will

this size be about right or would the 1“)

ft., as it is, be about right for our stock?

Now how much will the 15 ft. silo hold

and how much will a 12-ft. silo hold, if

we make it smaller, and how long will

both feed?



(iratiot Co J. R.



A silo 14 feet in diameter is rather large

for the number of head of stock which





J. R. wishes to keep. The rule is to have





for one head eight square feet of surface





in the silo. In other words, you must

have a sufficient amount of stock so that

you feed the entire surface of the silo

every day to the depth at about two

inches in order to keep the silage in good

condition. If you only have a sufficient

amount of stock to feed only half of the

surface of the silo then part of the sur—

face will remain undisturbed for two days

and, in warm Weather especially, this en-

silage Will be exposed to the air too long

and will deteriorate in value. It will be-





   

 

 





come dried up and tend to sour. It will

not be as palatable, and therefore will not

be relished by the- stock as when fresh.

Now adhering strictly to the rule, with a.

silo 15 feet in diameter, the way I figure

the stock, there would be about 12 feet

of surface to each head of stock instead

of eight, or the silo would be too large.

I figure that the four yearlings and the

four two-year-olds would amount to about

the same as four mature cows, and the

27 sheep would amount to about the same

as three, making a total of 14 head to

feed from the surface of a 15—foot silo.

It is certain that in this respect a. 12-foot

silo WOuld be better, and a 12-foot silo 24

feet deep would hold a. sufficient amount

of ensilage to carry this stock eight

months of the year.



But I don‘t like the idea of trying to

reduce this old silo in diameter. By put-

ting 2x4's on the inside of the old silo

and making an octagon out of it, having

it only 12 feet in diameter, would seem

practical, and yet I don’t like that kind

of a silo. The single board siloiris a‘silo

of the past. It will not keep ensilage as

well as a two-inch stave silo, a lath and

plastered silo, or a cement silo. Then

again, the space between the old silo and

this new structure on the inside will be

a splendid place for the accumulation of

filth, dirt and rats, and I don't like the

idea at all. It can be done. A silo made

on the inside will last for a, considerable

length of time, but my judgment would

be to take this old silo, lath and plaster

it on the inside, leave it the size it is, 15

feet in diameter, and then keep a sulfi—

(-ient amount of stock so that you can

keep the ensilage to good advantage. You

could increase the number of dairy cows,

you could increase the number of sheep,

or you can fatten a few steers every win—

tcr to use up this silage, and I believe in

the long run it will be more satisfactory

than it will be to try to reduce the size

of your silo.



A silo 15 feet in diameter and 24 feet

high will hold about 75 tons of silage, and

one 12 feet in diameter the same height

would hold in the neighborhood of 50 tons

of silage. Fifty tons of silage would carry

the amount of stock which J. R. says he

keeps. If he fixed up the old silo by

plastering it on the inside he could keep

a bunch of steers every winter or fatten

a few sheep. In the long run I think he

would be better satisfied than he would

if he tried to reduce the size of the old

silo and I am sure it could be done at

much less expense.



WOULD THE PIT SERVE AS A SILO

WHERE BUT FEW ANIMALS

ARE KEPT?





 





 





 





in issue of May 11 H. M. R. inquires in

regard to pit silo, Your answer is all right

as regards the big fellows, but in the case

of one who wishes a silo say, for half a

dozen head or less of stock, and who

would not want a large silo, may not the

pit be the corn ct idea after all? The

silo could be filled without any blower,

which would require much less power,

and no frozen silage would ever be had.



An ordinary hoist using ’Trg—in. rope,

with which one man can raise- 600 pounds

and costing with 100 feet of rops, a couple

of dollars, would solve the problem of

getting the silage out of the pit, as well

as a large part of the excavation. The

pit could be cemented directly on the

earth thus saving niuch expense, and if

made with archcd cement cover would

lc ever—enduring, with a fresh coating of

(t‘llleilt perhaps once in a long series of

years.



\\'itlt present high prices for hay, with

no prospect for the return to old—time low

prices. the man with the small flock or

herd, must have a silo or go out of, busi—

ness it seems to me, and any mode- of

effectual construction of a silo that will

be inexpensive in the long run, would be

very desirable for this class.





FORMULA FOR MAKING GOVERN-

MENT WHITEWASH.





 





 





We are constantly getting requests for

the formula for compounding what is

known as government whitewash, and al—

though we have published it many times,

for the benefit of our new subscribers and

those who may not have observed former

write-ups of it we are reprinting it again.

If you do not file your Farmers, which is

the best way to secure the greatest good

from any publication, We would advise

that you clip out the formula and lay it

by for future reference. Following is the

method of making:



Use a half bushel of unslaked lime, a.

peek of salt, three pounds of ground rice,

a half pound of powdered Spanish whit-

ing and one pound of glue. To make,

stake the lime in warm water, having the





me*‘micnmxa FARMER . -





receptable covered during the process,





and strain the liquid through a. strainer





with a fine mesh sie’v’e. Dissolve the salt

in warm water and,add it to the Slaked

lime. Have the ground rice boiled to a

thin paste and stir it in the above mix-

ture while boiling hot. Add the SpaniSh

whiting and. glue, which have been dis-

solved over a slow fire. Five gallons of

hot water sliOuld next be added to the

mixture, which 18' stirred well and al—

lowed to stand for a couple of days. The

receptacle in which it is contained should

be covered to prevent dirt from getting

in. The mixture should be applied hot

and it is well to strain it a second time

before using, in order to remove any

lumps that would interfere With its ap-

plication.



Should one desire to make a material

of a different color, it can be done by

adding either common clay, Spanish

brown, yellow ochre, or other material to

produce the shade or color wanted. This

whitewash makes a permanent covering

and can be used in many places to ad—

vantage.





WHAT TO DO WITH OLD BULLS.





 





During the past few years farmers

have shown a very’ commendable desire

to improve their live stock. This they

have aimed to accomplish, says Mr.

\Vashburn, of Minnesota College of Agri—

culture, by better feoding and care of the

stock already possessed, and also by in-

troducing males of some pure breed. All

this is entirely the right thing to do. It

is customary among our farmers to use

such an animal for about two years. or

until his progeny are of an age to be

bred. and then to sell the bull, rather

than to use him on his own daughters.

Such bulls are generally, at this stage

of their life-when only three to four

years old or at early maturity—just at

their prime, or but little below it; and

certainly, for the good of the live stock

interests, if they have done reasonably

well as getters of good stock, they should

not be sent to the butcher, as is so often

the case. The mature male is able to get

stronger calves than the immature one;

and, when a sire has proved his power

to produce well—formed, clearly—marked,

robust calves, he certainly should not be

cast aside for a young and untried one.

There are a good many dairy sires that

are right now in such a position. There

appears to be an opportunity here for

the many breeders associations to estab-

lish exchange lists through which they

can inform their members of valuable

sires that have completed their useful-

ness in the locality where they are and

that are to be disposed of. This would

aid in conserving the blood of tried indi—

viduals of the several breeds. The dairy

division of the Minnesota Agricultural

College has undertaken to keep such a

list for the interest of dairymen of that

state. Many dairymen who have animals

to dispose of realize the demand for good]

bulls, advertise them through their farm

papers and thereby inform others who

are on the lookout for new blood. In

these and other ways we can save our

good bulls to build up the quality of the

dairy animals of the states.



DATES OF 1912 NATIONAL DAIRY



SHOW.





The board of directors have decided

upon October 24 to November ‘2, as the

dates for holding the 1912 National Dairy

Show. The show will be held on the

same date on succeeding years. The ser-

vices of \\'. Ii. Skinner have been Secure-d

to manage this year's exhibition. His

success with the International and other

large shows insures the greatest dairy

exhibition yet held this Side of the At—

lantic.



MACHINE VS. HAND MlLKING.



From experiments with milking ma-

chines conducted for nine years by the

Agricultural Experiment Farm of New

South \Vale-s, it was found that the flow

of milk is not appreciably decreased when

machine milking is substituted for hand

milking, except in isolated cases, and

that the period of lactation is not short-

ened or subsequent periods of lactation

adversely affected in any way. Cows that

had been milked by machine continuouslv

for five years apparently did not decrease

in the» annual yield of milk. The Rer-

centage of solids in the milk remained the

same as with hand milking, and the cows.

were no more subject to udder troubles.

Machine milking was much cheaper and

cleaner when the machines were properly





 

   

 

 





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Since 1835 by leading dairy-

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A ROOF ".2“ PROOF mum

WIND LIGHTNING RAIN





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Kenn: ‘Stcel Shelters, Rakes





.I and Shell: make good by
MAY 2531912. ,

BUILDING A COeOPERATIVE CREAM-

" E'RY.





 





— -1 meta veryig'bold friend the other day,

Who'is' i‘nfitiie‘ employ of one of [the largest

cOmpahies in‘ the United States engaged

in the distributing of farm machinery.



We had a very spirited discussion upon

the subject of co—operation among farm—

ers, and Since that talk with my friend,

I have becn thinking a great deal about

the co—operatlve creamery.



The whole subject of co—operation is

being studied today, as ncvcr before in

this country. We are bound to get some-

thing out of this discussion. The great

army of men who get their living in the

field of competitive trade are by far the

greatest obstacle in the way of the growth

of co-operution. The? will keep right 0n

opposing it because, like the ancient

Ephesians, they fear that “their craft, is

in danger." Herc, as elsewhere in the

world, human selfishness is the greatest

barrier in the way of progress.



We have tried the principle of co-opera-

tion in government, and it is established

to remain forever. And yet, it is not so

long since there Were men in our own

America who thought it much safer for

the people to trust a fortunate few to do

their thinking for them, than to trust the

whole people. in every case like this,

however, it turns out that the fortunate

few are interested.



Business co-operation is attended with

some difficulties always. Among them

are inexperience, lack of individual effort,

and the opposition of those special inter—

ests which live off from the profit of dis-

tribution.



But why build the. CO-Ollt'd‘i’ltive cream-

ery. '



First.

in which





is the cheapest

be mad.c and

tributed to the public. Second, ’through

this system the public will secure the

butter in the best pcssiblc condition, and

of superior quality. Third, the profits of

the business will go directly into the

pockets of the men whose skill and iii-

dustry produce the goods, and not to

those Whosc chief interest is in the sum

Which they can with propriety take out

of what the farmer has produced.



Now here are three very good reasons,

if they can be established. Let us see.

Of: so, we have considered the cream—

ewe aiocal plant. The cream is deliv-

tiered, directly to the factory from the

farm, is in the best possible condition,

and the freight is saved. True. the freight

must be paid on the buttcr, but it costs

much less to pay freight on butter than

on’the requisite amount of cream to

make it.



. The quality of the product is good, for



two reasons. The cream is delivered di—

root to the plant in good condition and

the patrons feeling that the creamery is

theirs and that the price of the product

will depend upon its quality, are bound

to be more particular and deliver a much

better article. The man who simply sells

his cream to a private creamery has only

to satisfy the party at the factory and

often does not satisfy him but the cream—

ery man is forced to take his cream for

fear of losing patronage, when he knows

oftentimes, that it is unfit for butter.

Then the buttermakei‘ at the co—opcrative

creamery takes nothing that he does not

want, if the patrons are really co-nperat-

ing. He is not slow to inform the man

who brings a bad article, that his cream

will not make good buttcr, and the patron

knows that his neighbors who are inter—

csted with him have a right. to expect

a square deal from him, and so it comes

about that everything combines to induce

him to furnish the best article possible

under the circumstances.





way

dis -





because it

butter can





Now it must be admitted that here and ,,





there is a creamery of this kind which

does not produce the best buttcr, but this

is for the lack, of co-operation and not

at all to the credit of the private con—

cern. I believe that it would be safe to

say, in a. general way, that there is no

way in the world in which butter can be

made and delivered in such good condi~

tion as from the right kind of production

and there is no better right than that in

the world. Because it is his, he has the

first and best right to say how it shall

be marketed, so long as he does not form

a combination in “restraint of trade” and

wrong the public.



I know of one co-operative creamery,

not very large, but making about 175,000

lbs. of butter per year that, after paying

the cost of making and selling the pro-

duct the patrons receive an average of

two cents per pound above the Elgin

price for butter-fat.



This amounts to the nice little sum of

$3,500. This amount is quietly distributed

every year among the patrons, and I sup-





\. '





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





pose there is not a dairy community in

Michigan which might not do as well, if

the would only co—operéfte. Now, kind

reader, is there any reason in the world

why this $3,500 should be taken from

these farmers and given to a few so-

called “business men?” We need “busi—

ness men,” 'and I have not the least ob-

jection to them, but We do not need them

to do those things for us which we can

do even better for ourselves. But you

know of a co-opcrative creamery that has

not paid out, and another reader knows

of many that have started up, ran for a

little time and then passed into the

hands of private capital because the peo-

ple failed to make them pay. Al this. and

even more, may be true, but in every case

where the people have failed in a com-

munity that nccdcd a creamery. the peo-

ple have not really co-operated.



\thn the promoter descends upon the

quiet neighborhood whose people have only

thought of a, creamery as something far

away, and sells thcm a plant, for- much

more than it should cost, and when the

people do not buy it because they have

investigated the business, but merely sub»

mit to the power of the promoter, and go

in with their eyes closed, these people do





not co-operatc, and it is a great mistake,

to call their plant a (to—operative cream—5





(.ry.





Sometimes they learn co—operation





through tcmporary failure and go on to.

in l,





success. In fact, this might be true

most cases if they would only hold to-

gether. it is not the fact we

plant thwt has caused the most of our

trouble, but the fact that we did not work

in harmony to a definite cnd. A better

way, howcvcr, would have been to study

the (‘l't‘ill‘iil‘l‘y business thoroughly among

ourselvcs before building and then organ—

izo tin~ company, and raise the money.

The. n‘iacl‘iinery can be bought right if We

know just what we want, and thc plant

can be ercctcd in the same way and with

the same business—like attcntion which

the farmer would use in building :1 barn,

or a business man in putting up a brick

block in the city.



It will be easy to market the product

after the plant has started if the quality

is right.



The; people who are most interested

will reap the reward of an increased

price, and the fact that they have learn—

ed to work together will be worth much

to them in many ways.





Uccana Co. W. F. TAYLOR.





 





 





 





BUTTER PRODUCTION IN THE UNI-

TED STATES.





 





.»\(*cording to the lust census report there

were produced in this country in cream—

cries and on farms 1,620.76ti,000 pounds of

butter during the year 1909. Of this

amount thui,001,000 pounds were produccd

on farms, while 024.163.000 pounds \\‘(:‘l‘t".

pioduccd in factories. The total value of

the butter made was $405,054,000. That

produced on farms was valucd at $225.—

544,000 and that produced in factories was

worth $179,510,000.





in spite of the fact that the, crcamei‘y?





has bet-cine a large factor in the manu-

facture of buttci', it Will be. seen from

these. iigurcs that over one-half of thc

butter made in the country is manufac—

llll't'tl on the 1mm.

attaincd highest dcvclopnient

factory system more liirgcly em-

'l‘his is generally true in the east

central and wwst north central

states. in those states slightly over one—

hall’ of the buttcr is made in factories.

1n the state of \\'isconsin, which makes





its tln'rc





lll(‘ ib‘.

ployetl.

north





more buttcr than any Otlicr state in the"





Union, only about (inc—fourth of her out-v

put is made on the farms. in the south—

('l'li states tin» opposite is true and, While

there has: burn a th'_V rapid advancemcnt

in thc dairy business in the south At-

lantic statcs as well as the other southern

states cast of Now Mexico, by far the

larger part of the butter is made on the

farms. .



in total production VVisconsin, as statcl

above, ranks first, lowa second, Minnc—

sota third, Pennsylvania fourth, Michigan

fifth, Ohio sixth, Illinois seventh, New

York eighth. Tcxas ninth and lndiana

tenth. The Michigan production is large-

er than that of the thrce Pacific states

taken together. Nearly two-thirds of

Michigan’s 85,917,000 pounds of butter DI‘O-

duced in 1909 was manufactured on farms.

The value of her total product for that

year was $21,849.000.





 





Correspondents report the average price,

of butter in country places to be. 25 cents

per pound. Retailers in the city of De-

troit are receiving 37 cents for the same

grade. It takes 12 cents, therefore, to

get butter from producer to consumer.





 





 





may ‘

have paid the promoter too much for our1





 





 





\\'li€i‘c dairying has.





   





     





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





381,98 Users did 'so. Last—ear

26.569 in the U. 8. Alone





It has come to be an accepted fact that DE LAVAL cream

separators are as much superior to other separators as other

separators are to gravity setting systems, and that an up—to—datc

DE LAVAL machine will on an average save its cost every year

ovcr any other separator.



In addition to the actual saving in more and better cream

and butter, in time of separation and cleaning, easier running,

greater durability and less repairs, there’s a sense of pride and

satisfaction which none but the owner and user of a DE LAVAL

machine 311.11 feel in his separator.



In consequence thousands of users of inferior and w<’>rn—out

separators of various makes take ad vintage every year of the

educational allowances which the DE LAVAL Company continues

to niak . and trade in their old separators.



APPLIES TO OLD DE LAVAL USERS ALSO



This not onlyfapplies to the users of other makes of separators

but likewise to the many thousands of DE LAVAL machines now

10 to 25 years old. They are still good, of course, gut there are

so many improvements embodicd in the modern DE LAVAL

machines that these old DE LAVAL users can well afford to

make an exchange and would soon save. the cost of doing so.



SEE THE NEAREST DE LAVAL AGENT



He will tell you how much he can allow on your old machine,

whether a DE LAVAL or some other make, toward the purchase

of a new DE LAVAL. If you don’t know a DE LAVAL agent

write to the nearest DE LAVAL oilice, giving make, number and

size of your prcscnt machinc, and full information will be sent you.





THE DE LAVAL SEPARATOR C0-





CHICAGO SAN FRANCISCO SEATTLE





NEW YORK





 





 





 





 





 





This Book on Hy-Rib Silos Free





Shows how to build permanent. tircproot‘ silos of Concrete without the

_ use of iorms. . (rontains complete instructions, details and specifica-

— tions, capacities of silos, and many valuable building suggestions.





 





 





. a ’ :8!“ b





( .



.Hy-Rib is a steel sheathing which is shipped bent to the exact

circlc of thesilo. Set. the sheets in place, plaster with cement. motor,

and the silo 18 complete. No ccntcring forms or special equipment re-

quired. By using ’l‘rus-(lon \Vntcrprooi'ing l’ustc, walls

oi silo arc made iinpi-rvious to moisture, prcvcntini;

absorption 01 silage juiccs and l'rcczing. 11' you intend to

build asilo write for two book—Hy-Rib Cont-rote Silos.





TRUSSED CONCRETE STEEL C0.,

688 Trussed Concrete Bldg.. Detroit.





Hy-Rib Concrete is adapted for allfarm buildings. Write

us your plans and we will send literature and suggestions.





AGENTS WANTED.





 





   





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Let the worst storm swee the country—the solid, staunch Saginaw





Egg; Silo stands erect—unmove , unharmed. Why P The Saginaw Bane Anchor

3 “5 and the Saginaw inner Anchoring Hoop combine to hold it: so firmly that

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5a greatest Silo improvements for 1912—before you consider buying





. t£111]in Sislo. iFour blig. modern factories are kept busy turning out the

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Saginaw. Mich. Minneapolis. Minn. Des Moms, Iowa Gui-o. Ill.





 





 





 





 





by buying Direct from

the MANUFACTURER





IC Per Pound.

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Special “Club Order” Proposuon.

Accompany all orders by Cash, Draft, or Money Order payable to

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Wiien writing to advertisers mention The Michigan Farmer.
~598 ‘





‘EPOULTRYIIIBEESI





A laying hen spends more than half

her time either on the perches or on the

nests, so it is very evident that these fix—

tures in the poultry house should be giv-

en careful attention for the sake of the

comfort of the fowls and also because it

is to the poultryman’s interest from a

pecuniary standpoint.



Of late years there has been a radical

change in the methods of Constructing

roosts in poultry houses. _Formerly the

roos'ts were usually put up in the form

of stair steps, the topmost one being lo-

cated CIOSc to the roof. The principal

objection to this form of construction is

due to the fact that the instinct of self-

preservatlon prompts fowls to perch on

the highest point possible when taking

their quarters for the night; they natur-

ally desire to be above danger from be-

low. This desire of the fowls therefore

leads to fighting and crowding for the

highest positions at roosting time when

one perch is higher than another, and at

some time some of the weaker hens will

be pushed off these high perches, perhaps

resulting in injury. For this reason, it

is now the common practice to put all

the roosts on the same level.



The perches should also be low. Eight—

cen inches above the floor is plenty high

enough. There are many disadvantages

to high roosts. First, fowls of heavy

breeds are almost certain to injure their

feet when they fly down from a high

pcrch to a hard floor; this is the way

most cases of bumble—foot are contracted.



All perches should preferably be built

so that they will not touch the walls at

any point. '\thn they do so it is much

easier for liCt‘ and mites to thrivc. The

tower creases or cracks. wherein lice

may find a lodging place, about the

porches the bcttcr, and if they do not

come into contact with the walls of the

building at any point the insect pests will

have very little opportunity to hide. Then

if the roost poles are thoroughly drenched

with coal oil, or some other good liquid

iicc killer, frequently, all vermin about

the perches can be kept in- check.



The roost poles should be two or three

inches wide, Slightly rounded on the up-

per edges. Two by three scantling, with

.hc top corners smoothed off, will make

very desirable roosting poles. These

should not be nailed fast to a framework,

instead, they ought to be laid so that

they may be moved easily. Then they

may be taken outside the house occasion—

ally and given a good cleaning-



The nests in the poultry house need not

necessarily be expensive affairs, but thcy

should be strong and substantial and at

the same time comfortable for the lay-

crs when they go on them. In winter

the nests ought to be filled with hay or

other soft material, while in summer they

should be as cool as it is possible to get

them. Nesting material should be used

in the boxes, however, in summer as

well as in winter. Then they should be

constructed with a view of giving the

hens easy ingress and egress and thcy

should be so arranged in the building

that they can be removed quite frequent—

ly for cleaning and disinfecting. Ncst

boxes should never be nailed fast to the

walls of the. building, for then the work

of cleaning them will probably be neg-

lectcd.



'\\'hcn some of the hens steal away from

the poultry house to build a nest where

it may never be discovered, it is usually

the case that. there is something wrong

with the nests provided for them, al-

though it must be admitted that some

hens never lose the instinct originally

given them by nature to secrete their

ncst in a patch of tall Weeds or grass, no

matter how comfortable the nests fur-

nishcd them in the poultry house may be.

However, the majority of the hens of a

domesticated flock prefer nests in the

poultry house it they are comfortable,

but when nests and house are dirty and

infested with numerous insect pests some





 





 





of the hens are bound to seek laying‘





places elsewhere. So one cannot make

the nests too inviting, or go after lice too

vigorously, or keep the house too clean,

if it is not desired that many eggs be de—

posited where they may never be found.



When the hens go on the nests to lay

on a warm day, the temperature under

them will be very high. This furnishes

an ideal condition for lice to multiply.

During the summer season nests should

be examined once a week at least, and

if dirty or lousyr they ought to be cleaned

at once. Burn the old contents of the

boxes and put in fresh material.





 





Have the nest boxes of'the right size

for the breed of fowls you have; if too

big the eggs will roll around and become

broken, or too many hens’will try to

crowd into the same nest, which mean

broken eggs and a. soiled nest and at the

same time the hens are furnished an op-

portunity to learn the egg-eating habit.



Nest boxes should be constructed with

the side where the layers are to enter

only an inch or two high, or just suffi-

cient to prevent the eggs from rolling

out. Then if the boxes are placed close

to the floor, the hens can walk into them

instead of being compelled to fly up and

then jump down on the eggs already in

the nest, thus probably breaking one now

and then



Properly constructed perches insure

comfort for the fowls at night, and by

their use crippled or injured birds in the

flock are avoided; rightly constructed

nests insure comfort for the hens while

they are laying, and they make it pos-

sxble for the poultryman to have more

eggs in the basket on market day, as few

if any will be lost or broken before they

reach the basket.



Indiana. W. F. PUBpUE.





HOT WEATHER CHICKS; THEIR

FEED AND CARE.





 





Hatching operations will have to be

carried well into the hot months of sum-

mer by most breeders if they are to ex-

pect the full number of chicks planned

for at the beginning of the season. The

spring was exceedingly backward in all

parts of the country, and good spring

weatherathe kind that makes chicks

grow and thrive—was not in evidence

until well into the month of May.



Although late hatched chicks are not

so easily raised as those hatched in April

and May, they can, however, if properly

cared for, be raised profitably. There-

fore, if hatching results were poor early

in the season it will prove profitable to

continue hatching as late as July, or un-

til the desired number of chicks are ob-

tained. To have the best of success with

late hatched chicks, however, close at-

tention must be given to details. Care-

less or indifferent management will sure—

ly work harm. Be methodical in the

work, and do not slight anything.



Fccd consisting of heating properties

should be practically eliminated from the

rations of the late hatched chicks. Corn

or corn meal should form but a small, if

any, part of the chick feed. Do not over-

feed. A little and often should be the

rule and should be strictly adhered to.

Do not allow any feed to lie around un-

eaten. cspccifllly soft feed. If feed is left

lying around in hot weather it will soon

sour and ferment, and often cause bowel

trouble.



Move the brood coops as often as pos—

sible. Do not allow them to remain on

the same spot for weeks at a time. The

bottoms of the coops will become filthy

from the accumulated. droppings, and will

be unhealthy for the chicks. Do not al-

low the chicks to run out in the damp

grass in the early mornings. Keep them

confined until the sun is well up and the

grass dry.

the brood coops cut short. Dragging

about through the long grass with the hen

will soon exhaust and weaken the chicks.



\Vatch out for lice on the late hatched

chicks. If the chicks appear sleepy from

no apparent cause, you may assume that

lice are rcsponsiblc. lrease their heads,

throat and under the wings with lard.

After they are a low weeks old they may

safely be dusted with insect powder. Per—

sian insect powder is excellent and is

cheaper than the prepared powders. It

must be freshly ground to be effective.

The hen should also be dusted occasion-

ally. \Vhitewash the inside of the coop

thoroughly A little crude carbolic acid

added to the whitewash will make it

more effective.



Indiana. 0. E. HACHMAN.

SHUT THE SITTING HENS ON THEIR



NESTS.





 





It is important in caring for sitting

hens to have the nests so arranged that

one can shut the hens in. This is done

not so much because the sitting hens will

get out as it is to prevent their being

disturbed by other hens. This disturb-

ance is often of such a nature as to be

fatal to many of the eggs. Then, too, the

sitters are more likely to be faithful in

their duty when so enclosed than where

they are given more freedom. Of course,

it is necessary to permit the sitting hens

freedom f0r fee-ding and watering. In

case a hen seems nervous and a little in-

clined to leaVe her nest, the spreading of

a. piece of burlap over the nest to keep





THE snowman imam”





Also kcep the grass around,





 





out the light will encourage her to be

quiet. If she persists, however, It I:

better to release her and put the eggs

under another mother.





BEES AND POULTRY.





That most able and well loved editor

and bee-keeper, W. Z. Hutchinson, when

he was living, always answered the ques-

tion. “Vi/mat occupation will best work in

with bees?" with“‘Keep more bees.” He

was first, last and always a specialist in

the bee business. And he was right.

Nevertheless. there are case's where an-

other avocation will be better than more

bees. For instance, some men will make

a. success in bee-keeping with one yard

of bees when, if they tried to run more

than one yard, they would make a com-

plete failure of it. As they cannot profit-

ably make a sole business of one yard of

bees, they must turn to something else

as a side. line. This something else has

usually been poultry. There’e a reason

for this, more than one, in fact.



One reason is that the two do not con-

flict. The principal part of the work with

the chickens comes in winter, not all by

quite a lot. but the heaviest part of it,

and the principal part of the Work with

bees comes in summer. In the winter

the odd hours left over from the work

with chickens can be used to advantage

in getting the bee supplies ready for the

next season. In summer the bulk of the

work with chickens can be done morn-

lugs and evenings. What has to he done

through the middle of the day the good

Frau will usually do.



Another reason is that it takes some

of the same characteristics to make a

good bee-keeper as it does to make'a

good poultryman. For instance, a bee-

keeper soon learns that there are times

when he can push his work right along

by quick rapid movements, but that there

are other times when slow careful move-

ments will accomplish more than undue

haste. Asa rule, the man who is slow

in his movements will be the most suc-

cessful in the bee yard. He will make

cvcry move count and probably in the

end get as much accomplished as his

more rapid moving brother. This same

slow moving bee—keeper will go among

the hens without creating a panic among

them and good poultrymen realize the.

value of refraining from quick move-

ments about the hennery. It is a com-

mon thing for me, when I am feeling

well, to go about much of my work on

the run, but I have learned to change

that gait when I strike the bee yard. I

very often fail, though, to get my motions

toned down sufficiently, and a severe

stinging has many times been the re-

sult. This has taught me a much needed

lesson and, while I forget it occasionally,

I am reminded often enough so that I

manage pretty well. Again, in handling

chickens, I have often ran to the door of

the coop and had to stop a moment out—

side the door to quiet down, so to speak,

before entering. If I failed to do this the

chickens would go helter skelter when I

entered the coop, and several days might

elapse before they got entirely over the

fright I had given them. You see I am

lacking In one essential for either a. bee-

keeper or a poultryman, but bee—keeping

has been a help to me in fitting me- for

a. poultryman.



Then again, in keeping bees we learn

that the apparently little and unimport—

ant things are often the very things that

spell the difference between success and

failure. This is also true in keeping poul-

try, and the bee-keeper who has learned

this important lesson among the bees will

find it a great help when he comes to

apply it to hens.



Once more: Persistency is very essen-

tial in eithcr avocation. The man who

becomes discouraged at the first set—back

he gets, or the second, or the third, or

at innumerable ones. will never make a

success with either bees or poultry. Per-

sistent effort in spite of obstacles, and a

thorough study of the work is necessary

to success in either one. My wife, in

commenting on what I have said in this

article, says that she must take issue

with me on what I said about the prin—

cipal part of the chicken work coming in

winter, as she thinks it comes in spring

when the incubators are turning out

young chickens. Well, I suppose that is

true, but in our establishment she does

that part of the work, but even at that

the most of this work is out of the way

before the rush of the bee season is on.

which very seldom comes before June 19

or 15. As there is little profit in chickens

hatched later than that date, I still con—

tend that I am right, if not in the literal

statement, at least in the spirit of it.



Mecosta. Co. L. C. WHEELER...





 





 





‘, LOOK m THiiEE THINGS

new ..,w-*~marmrr





w .v)





   





’ Davenport Roller Bearing Steel Wagon





2“! Like I 3mg. -





   





Co meted": ollnul 41mm. chm a a. like

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rm mu lrolit andl :OI: mutually on >

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t Rollor Boon-In; I '

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Donor Form Implement: and ,

How to Use Them

ll D"Kym: have not. tlmdy received {cut copy of lhll new John

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In order to be um you 'll ge't our Duvenpon Wanna-5 book And



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WANTED





200 LIVE, HEALTHY RABBITS





Weighing 2 lbs. and over.

Best Prlces Paid. Address





PARKE, DAVIS 8 00., Detroit, Mich.

__





Blue Belle Barred Bock °§$E°§§§3§§tiil 1"?" .13

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NDIAN RUNNER DUCK EGGS—Genuine En «

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0. Rhode Islan Red 8, 5.150 per 15; 1

Montreon Poultry Farm, R. R. 4. Blissfiel. Mich.





Flock of 38, met ed $13

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with order. (Juli. price. $33.50 gar 100; 32 per 50; 750

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MOIILED ‘ucou‘s Beaultiful, ugxlmetting, persist-

for 15 eggs. WILLW w.°li«318u is? owfgfvfig? 1:111:30





 





 





 





 





 





s—Great Laving Strsain and rize

Bined "OCR Egg: WinuRers. 15 eggs, 1.50: 30 , g2. 75;

100. $7. W. 0 Hman,R 6, Benton Harbor, Mich.





—-Mi.d. as G d

R. 0. Br. Leghoms... “ .3 Ma‘ié’iif 13%;:

$1 per setting. CLAUDIA BETTS. Hillsdale. Mich.

EGGS—Lmhtu Brahma. Barred Book. and White Wynn-





dotte, ePr settingtl for two aettin

BISH .Boute 38. Lake Odessa. Mich“





from Standard Silver, Golden

Egg: for “110th and W. ngndottea. 15, S2. 3.

Browning' e Wyandotte Farm. Portland to





 





 





 





 





f hr! 1 ..

EGGSC tom t. 9 best Ending“ strai Senattlise‘





country 81 poi-150: $3per 3501:: 35L r.100 90 per cent:

feritility guaranteed. OLD OMESTEAD EGG

HARM. .D. 9. BATTLE CREEK. MICE.





lllfllFllllll Plllltllll YlBllS, lllllTFllllB, "Hill.





8 0. White Orpington Cookerels. $31!): $10.00. Pu

brads. O. Blk. Minorca incubator 0886335500110 rlollle.





 





 





' ‘ ' Barred Rocks, It. I. Reds, M .

5.512.? winm“ Heemwawr;

c or eat e gs parse I I y or

EMWOOD FARngR.1&GI-and RapidapMich.





[11 But! & White. '1'0 lug-tons. Bufl'k k'Wh to

a) Le horns, Barr & White Rocks, [1.3.3





In Re 3 and Black Minorc cas. Ci I <5

en ready. H. B. KING, wnns 30.31.1233: u





R. 0. ES. 0. R1100! ISLAND REDS—E338"





and oockorels. BUELL BROS" Ann Arbor, ioh.





R. C. B. Lefihorns‘fimmm“





Wm

MRS. EMMA MASON. Goblevillne,‘lllich:





 





 





 





 





LILLIE FARHSTEAD POULTRY



BflixksPRo IBost:ndS.0W.Lehomem



for sale. if) for 81:” $1.60. 50 for 03.50.

COLON 0. LILLIE. Oooporwille, Mich.





FOB SALE—S. C. Bull ingion Eggs.





FINE STOCKW 1005 D32” 30. 50.

H. 13. AT Lalngaburg. Michigan.





—0

“NICE 8. ll. B. BBPlllfiTllllS E Zihfie‘é'. “Ilsa

15th, 82per15. Otis Greenmau. R. .Bellevuo. Mich.

TANBARD Bred B. I. Reds. Rose It Single Combs,





30- eggs 81.50. Wonderful layers. Red T k

and Afr. geese. W. T. FHRENOH Ludington, fillet:





WHITE WYANDOTTE 11668,, from pm?) will};





8. O. Whte Orin one: slit. th 9b t

J. Ii. ST 50 N. H “Yo N.?N51A&3A{°rb





R. C.B. LEGHORN EGGS





15 fortsl; 30 for am. 0. M. YORK. Millingbon, Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





R0 egg), to, $2 and 81. Penciled Indian

Runner RDuck 139$,K4ure white 9 strain,$l

for 13. 0Y0 M Nashville, filohigan.n





.Rhode Island Reds of ualit E

18.0 on headed Eby Redo 0.13 3211533 mgfiflaafimufip’:

E..J MATIHEWS N Nottawa. Mich.





Single Comb Black Minot-cos.





R. W. >MILL8. Saline. Mich.





SINGLE COMB BROWN LEGHORNS.





Six grand exhibition matings, two utilit no.

and stock. Send for catalogueM My motion—ea satifggd

customer. Charles 3.11me .8t.01air. Mich.





HITE Orpingtons. Partritliage and White Wynn

dotte 9%? for hatching. aby chicks. MRS.

E. WHITLA 1% Observatory St... Ann Arbor, Mich.





RITE Wyandottes—The most beautiful and use-

ful of American breeds. Bend for 1912 circular

A. FRANKLIN SMITHJ! ”F D. 9. Ann Arbor, Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





30 Pure Ind Fox Hound ”0:023 fiifiitwsfilgfi #23535





hounds. Bend stamp. W. E. ckY.H01meeville,0hi¢.





 





”no" the lmhlnn rumor "when writ. '





mtoouulv





.
' MAY 26', 1312!. ’





FVVVVVVVVVVVVVYV""""."





LLIV'E STOCK 1





LLAALAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA





WITH THE SOWS AND PIGS.





 





 





At this time of the year one should

give the young pigs special care and pro-

vide an abundant supply of the best kinds

of flesh-forming foods. Perhaps the best

insurance against loss of young pigs is

the proper care and feeding of the sow.

It is surprising to see how quickly the

sow and her litter will respond to a little

special care at this critical period. The

heavy-milking sow will lose flesh very rap-

idly, and one that has this characteris-

tic and farrows a large litter is deserv-

ing of the best of care and a well pro-

portioned ration.



A sow 'suckling a litter of say, eight or

ten pigs which we wish to have started

into life-with plenty of vitality, needs a.

ration containing an unusual amount of

protein and mineral matter. Of nearly

as much importance as feed is the matter

of exercise. Unless the sow and her

pigs have plenty of exercise they will be

lacking in vitality and it is difficult to

get the pigs growing nicely unless they

are strong and thrifty at weaning time.

At farrowing time there is a tendency

for the sow to become feverish and con—

stipated. It is, therefore, well to give her

a small dose of epsom salts a day or two

before farrowing and another, if needed,

the next day after farrowing. If the sow

is feverish she should have warm water

to drink. Many feeders say that the sow

shOuld have no feed for the first day af-

ter farrowing. This is not always a safe

rule to follow, because some sows will

become. restless and insist upon having

their feed. It is important that the sow

be kept quiet at this time and if she is

uneasy and up about looking for her food

it is prefarable that we supply her with

a bulky and satisfying feed. Nothing is

better than a warm bran mash.



The first few days after farrowing gen-

erous feeding should be avoided. As the

pigs begin growing they become a greatv

er drain on the sow and her feed should

be judiciously increased. When they are

about three weeks old a ration of skim-

milk, wheat middlings and a little di-

gest‘er tankage will premote the pigs’

giowteh and maintain the flesh condition

of the sow. As soon as the pigs begin to

follow the sow to the trough and look

about for food, it is well to provide a

shallow trough and have it near the sow‘s

feeding place. A ration of skim-milk and

middlings makes an ideal feed for the

young pigs at this time. Feed but little

of this ration at first. Keep the pens

and troughs clean and never allow any

old feed to sour before it is time for the

next meal. Some shelled corn may also

be placed where they may have free ac—

cess to it at all times. There is no dan-

ger of pigs eating too much shelled corn

when they have plenty of other food. Af-

ter the sow and her pigs are well start-

ed in this way her ration may be safely

increased until she is being given about

all she can consume. If she is a good

milker and has a fair-sized litter it will

be impossible to keep her from losing

flesh rapidly, and a really good sow is

usually a skinny-looking individual after

a litter of husky pigs have been suckling

her for a number of weeks.



Opinions differ as to the proper time

to remove the pigs from the sow. It is

my judgment that we make a. mistake by

allowing the pigs to stay with the sow too

long. Of course, a man must rely upon

his owu judgment as to the condition (if

the sow and pigs. Providing she is a.

fair-sized sow and that the pigs have

made a good growth it is better to begin

removing a. few of the largest pigs when

they are seven weeks old and gradually

remove the others so that the sow may

safely be turned into the pasture about

nine weeks after farrowing. By using

judgment in weaning the pigs and drying

off the sows one can so plan his manage-

ment that the pigs will be of nearly the

same size and the sows will suffer no'in-

jury or discomfort from caked udders. I

have always made it a. point to have the

sow’ s milk fiow nearly checked before the

last pigs were taken away from her



The care and feeding of the brood sows

after the pigs are weaned is an important

factor in determining the value of the

next crop of pigs. It is my aim to begin

feeding the sows liberal rations as soon

as the milk flow is checked and I feel

impelled to say that there is nothing bet-

ter than corn to feed for a few weeks

until the sows begin to gain in flesh. Corn

as an exclusive diet for brood sows is not

good, but it is folly to decry its value

when supplemented with good pasturage





 





 





or other bulky and succulent foods. Some

of the breeders of registered swine feed

corn almost exclusively as a grain ration

when their animals have the run of good

pastures. The exercise and bulky and

succulent grass and forage counteract

the detrimental effects of the corn ra—

tion. By properly supplementing corn

with good pasture crops, bran and roots

it may be used advantageously as a food

for breeding swine. Corn is the cheapest

grain food and withal the best, that is,

providing it is fed with caution.



As a general rule it is better to pro-

vide separate inclosures for each sow and

her litter, for the pig from five to eight

weeks old is a thievish fellow. Unthrifty

pigs suffer more hardships when two or

more litters are kept together. In large

litters it is frequently wise to destroy

those that are unthrifty. In smaller lit-

ters it may perhaps pay to give them a.

little extra care.



Sour slops are a frequent source of

trouble among pigs. In fact it is a mis-

take to allow the sow or pigs to have ac-

cess to any scured feed. Scours is the

most dangerous trouble affecting young

pigs, and a preventative is far better than

a cure.



After weaning the pigs your real re—

sponsibility commences. You are the

pig's foster mother and their thrift de-

pends largely upon how well you admin-

ister to their needs at this period. They

have been growing well up to this time,

but they have had the sow’s milk to off-

set their dependence upon you. There is

little danger in feeding them too much,

that is, if you are feeding a reasonably

well-balanced ration. If skim—milk is

available it is comparatively easy to make





 





THE MICHIGAN "FARMER.





 





that sheep pay them better than anything

else they can raise.



The conditions under which they raise

sheep, are no more favorable than ours.

They get more for mutton it is true, but

the hay and grain fed to the sheep, it

sold, would bring more than with us.

There are no closer calculators in the

world than the farmers of Great Britain,

and if they can raise sheep profitably on

high-priced land, so can we.



I doubt the propriety of having sheep

grazing much of the time on the pastures

in the winter, gnawing off the grass clear

into the ground, and in wet weather when

the ground is soft, cutting the sod to

pieces with their sharp hoofs. A pasture, ‘

to be lasting, should never be trampled

to death by stock when the ground has

been made soft by heavy rains. A good

thick sodded pasture free from noxious

weeds. is too valuable to be injured per—

manently for a few days’ pasturing when

it is wet,



In England and Scotland it has been

found that some breeds of sheep do bet-

tor than others in certain localities. For

instance, the Southdowns do best on the

(halk hills of Sussex, one of the most

southern counties in England, bordering

on the English Channel. They stand at

the head of the middle wool sheep, have

long been celebrated for the fine quality

of their mutton. and will thrive on com-

paratively scanty herbage. Their heads

are small without horns, faces speckled

or grey, belly and back straight, bodies

round like a barrel, with wool on the

belly and legs.



The blaokface heath breed seem to be

the proper inhabitants of every country

abounding in elevated regions. They have





 





 





 





A Remarkable Breeding Ewe and Her Four Lambs Produced Last Year.





up a ration that will promote the growth

and vigor of the pigs. In developing the

pigs for breeding purposes one should

handle the animals rather differently than

when he is feeding them for market.

These pigs want a feed richer in protein,

in other words, more flesh-forming rather

than fat-forming foods. The pig that is

being grown for a breeder should have

more exercise than the market hog.

Growth and muscular development are

what we want in our breeding swine. The

growing pig requires an abundant supply

of mineral elements, and it is a good plan

to provide a receptacle in which should

be kept at all times a supply of salt, wood

ashes, lime-phosphate and charcoal. It

is better to keep the ingredients in sepa-

rate compartments.





New York. W. MILTON KELLY.





MORE FARMERS SHOULD RAISE

SHEEP.





 





The farmers of the United States, and

especially those residing in the hilly re-

gions, should all raise sheep, That rough,

hilly farms where the soil is thin, can be

used for sheep raising more profitably

than for any other kind of stock, or for

raising grain and hay for sale, is gener-

ally conceded; but it is believed by some

that sheep cannot be kept profitably on

rich, high-priced land, where grain rais-

ing, and dairying, can be successfully fol-

lowed. The better the land, the more

grass and grain it will produce for the

maintenance of the sheep and the more

animals can be kept per acre. It does not

follow that because sheep are profitable

on poor land, they will not be equally

profitable on good land. In England and

Scotland the farmers almost universally

keep more or less sheep. They are kept

not only on the highlands and heathers

and sterile regions of northern and west-

ern England, but on the richest and most

productive lands in the valleys for which

the farmers pay an annual rental of six

to eight dollars per acre, and they say





spiral horns, their legs and far-es arel

black, with a short compact body. They:

fatten readily on good pasture and yieldI

the most delicious mutton, and weighi

from ten to sixteen pounds per quarter.

Their wool is coarse, weighing from IhrceI

to four pounds per fleece. These sheep.I

I think would be preferable to most otherI

English‘ breeds to raise in the YnitedI

States on account of their superior mut—I

ton and their hardiness and Vigor of con-

stitution in withstanding the rig'us of the

Highland heathers of Scotland.



The ups and downs of sheep raising inI

the United States have been numerous“

during the last century and sheep raiscrsI

have been as easily frightened as sheep,}

and never with sufficient reason. It only.

required a member of congress to intro- ‘

duce a bill to lessen the tariff on wool'

and farmers who kept sheep would tum- I

ble over each other to sell out their flocks I

and afterward find out that the bill did

not pass. Sheep can be raised in the

United States as cheaply as in any other

country in the world, not excepting Aus-

tralia. Tariff or no tariff on wool, sheep

raising will be profitable.



Pennsylvania. J. W. INGHAM.





 





A REMARKABLE RECORD.





 





Daisy, the dam of the four lambs shown

in the accompanying cut was dropped in

1900, which makes her 12 years old this

spring. She was a poor little twin, dis-

carded by her mother and left to die.

My girls. Hazel and Hilda Furman, took

her in charge and with the bottle made

a pet of her. She has raised twins nearly

every Year and last spring she dropped

fiVe lambs, all alive. The four ‘showr1 in

the cut, with a little help, she raised.

This picture Was taken in August. In the

eleven years she has raised, if I figure

right, 24 lambs. She now has a lamb

two weeks old. If we took one of these

lambs from the pen the mother missed it

as quickly as though she had but the one.



Oakland Co. E. B. F'URMAN.





 





 





 





 

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

 

 

 





PAYS





MORE MONEY





GIVES





MORE SATISFACTION





No STOCK CAN THRIVE IF PESTERED

WITH LICE TICKS, MITES, FLEAS,

SCAB, MANGE AND OTHER SKIN 1

r . DISEASES. ‘ i

, TO CLEAN OUT THESE ,,

PARASITES, GUARD AGAINST

CONTAGIOUS DISEASES,

CLEANSE, PURIFY, AND

DEODORIZE. USE.





 

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

 





BETTIR THAN OTHERS,8ECAUSE,IT IS





STAN DARDIZE D.

UNIFORM,DEPENDABLE,EFFICIENT. ONE

GALLON 0F KRESO DID NO.I MAKES 60

10100 GALLONS OF SOLUTION(DEPENDING

UPON WHAT USE IS T0 at MADE OF IT.)





A REAL NECESSITY ABOUT

HORSES.CATTLE,SHEEP,SWINE,

DOGS, GOATS AND POULTRY.





FOR SALE BY ALL DRUGGISTS.

warn: FOR EREE (Incomes. ASK FOR LEM-"LET

Discmamc A NEW CEMENT HOG WALLow wvou





 





 





 





Warran-I'ed

to give satisfaction.





GOMBAULT’S





CAUSTIC BALSAM





A safe, speedy and

positwe cure for





Curb, Splint, Sweeny, Capped Hock,

Strained Tendons, Founder, Wind Puffs,

and all lameness from Spavin, Ringbone

and other bony tumors. Cures all skin

diseases or Parasites, Thrush, Diphtheria.

léengives all Bunches fronf Horses or

at e.





As a HUMAN REMEDY for Rheu-

mutt-m, Sprnius, Sore '1‘ In out, etc. , it

is invaluable.



Eve1y bottle of Can-tic Balsam sold is

Wananted to give satisfaction. l’1ice

per bottle. Sold by druggists or sent by ex-

piess, charges paid, “ith full (hrections for its

use. Send for descriptive circulaxs, testimo-

n1als,etc Address





.THE LAWRENCE WILLIAMS COMPANY, Cleveland, Ohio.





 





 





 





 





 

   

 

   





 





I.Ct to e

«Will's





IIIIE DIPPIIIII KILLS ALL TIGKS





Used on 250 million sheep annually.

Increases quantity and quality of wool.

Improves appearance and condition of

flock. If dealer can't supply you send

81.75for82.k00pac e



Handsome 1912 sheep calendar free—

a postcard brings it. Address Dept D.

WILLIAM coom & IEPIIEWS. CHICAGO, ILLINOIS





IIEIIIIIII HEIIESI "EWTIIII’S





"rumination. II"!!-

GUARANTEED .1 PER an lumusmu Cunt.

.. ‘ 1, Cures Heaveabycorrecting

* ,: Indigestion. Bookexplaina.

, “A wmpuflsent free. Cure ea Coughs, ,

Colds Distempera. Prevents

Colic Staggers, 81c lood

. ~ an“ o Paragon Expela Worms. A

5000! .

sacrament "11°- 11W“. we" "3m“

eaveI. on on 101' irect

'I‘NI NEWTON REMEDY COMPANY. Toldfiewhg:





ALWAYS mention the MICIIIG rm

when won an uriflng to «mugs.
600 0”

FEED‘ERS’ PROBLEMS.





Value of Pea Vine Ensilage.





Can you give me any information in

regard. to the feeding value and keeping

qualities of green pea vines from a can—

ning factory, cut and put into a silo the

same as corn ensilage?



Muskegon Co. F. M. R.





We know of no analyses having been

made of pea-vine ensiiage. It probably

would not differ greatly, however, from

ensilage made‘ from cowpca vines which

contain 1.5 per cent of protein, 8.6 per

cent of carbohydrates and 0.9 per cent of

fat. thus giving this silage a nutritive

ratio of about 1.7. Possibly pea-vine en-

silage would be considerably richer in

protein than this. as soy bean ensilagc

contains 2.7 per cent portein and pea—vine

straw contains considerable more. protein

than soy bean straw, the percentage be-

ing 4.3 and 2.3 respectively. It will thus

be seen that if these comparisons are

correct pea-vine ensilage would be much

more valuable in protein content than

corn ensilage, which has a very wide

nutritive ratio containing about three

times as much carbohydrates in propor~

tion to its protein content as would pea-

vine cnsilagc. There should be no more

difficulty in making a good quality of en—

silage from pea vines than from corn, or

beet tops or any other green material.

All that is required is a tight silo and that

the material be properly packed in it. It

would doubtless be better to feed this

silage with corn ensilage if practical, but

if not convenient less protein food should

be required with it than with corn en-

silage. ‘



Pasturing Hogs in the Orchard.



Please advise me about keeping hogs in

an orchard sprayed with lime—sulphur

and arscnatc of lead. Will the arscnate

of lead which gets on the grass poison

them?



Maeomi) Co. .T. F.



Experience has demonstratcd that there

is no danger in pasturing hogs ill orchards

which have been sprayed with arsentes.

Not enough poison will get on the grass

to have a deleterious effect upon the

animals.



A Ration for Idle Horses.



No fixed rule can be laid down for the

feeding of idle horses, much depending

upon the individuality of the animal.

However, as a general proposition idle

horses should be fed sparingly of grain.

The grain should consist of a mixture

containing bran, with a very little corn

meal. and oats added. Then, if the amount

is suited to the condition and tempera-

ment of the horse results will be satis—

factory and attacks of azoturia. which

often result where horses are given a

heavy grain ration while standing idle.

will be avoided. The proper nutritive

ratio for idle horses is given in Henry's

table as about 1:7, while horses at heavy

work require a narrower ration, approxi-

mating 1z6,‘ that is, one part of protein

to six of carbohydrates.



DO HORSES REQUIRE OATS IN THEIR

DIET?





 





 





Many horse feeders regard oats as al—

most necessary, and it is doubtless true

that in large regions of the United States

the most common ration for horses con-

sists of oats and hay, with an occasional

bran mash. A number of the experiment

stations have reported tests to the De-

partment of Agriculture which support

the theory that horses may be satisfac—

torily fcd any reasonable combination of

wholesome materials which supplies the

required nutrients in due proportion. In

other words. protein and energy are re-

quired by the animal body rather than

any special feed.



After tests conducted for over two years

one station drew the conclusion that any

food stuff or combination of food stuffs

furnishing the desirable nutrient at least

cost should be considered in preparing

rations for horses. A mixture of bran

and corn, half and half, is a good substi—

tute for corn and oats for feeding work

horses. Corn stover is a good substitute

for timothy hay for winter feeding of

horses because of its feeding value. the

yield per acre, and commercial value. A

change from a grain mixture, consisting

partially of oil meal, slowly or abruptly,

does not cause a decrease in weight in

horses if a proper substitute ration is fed.





In the future all horses, swine. and

other animals imported into the United

States will have to stand an examination

at quarantine, and their owners will have

to present a certificate of health for

them. Veterinary inspections and exam—

inations will be made at the port of en-

try of all imported animals, by an in-

spector of the Bureau of Animal Indus-

try of the Department of Agriculture.





 





 

 





 

 

 





 

 

 





 

 





. Cut Ybur Hay

The Thornburgh Way





AKE better hay and more money

with a





Thornburgh Side Delivery





Buncher and Wmdrower.

Cut. your timothy, clover, alfalfa, etc,

and lay it in loose, hollow bunches or

windrows at one operation, making It

easy to cure without bleaching.



Do away with your dump rake. revolving rake,

side delivery rake and tedder. Dragging the hay

over the stubble and then raking and kicking it.

up with a. tedder wastes the seed and leaves.

Realize from $1 to $8 more an acre in the saving

of seed and time



The Thornburg’h Side Delivery Buncher and

Windrowor pays for itself in the saving of labor

and seed on the first six acres cut. More than

85,000 now in use.



Write today for free catalog and give your





dealer’s name.

‘ THE THORNBURGII

MANUFACTUING CO.





Dept. T.

Bowling Green, Ohio





 

   





 





Wlth BLOWER and Travollng FEED

TRBLE"FULLY GUARANTEED



Made in sizes to cult all wants from

5 to I 5 H. P. Englncs





SRO-FILLING

R .MACI‘IINERY





Fill Your Silo Pay Afterward-





/



We have been making Enailage Cutting

and Silo Filling Machinery for over 60year8-

Every improvement that is practical is ad-

ded by us. Our policy is to always put the

best quality of material into every machine

and give every purchaser full value.



Oldest and Largest Manufacturer: of

Ensilnge Machinery in the World.



Note the new feature: that have been added. Pour

aided reversible steel cutting plate, positive, tension

totho feeding rolls, special knife adjustment, Iclf

aligning and adjustable main shaft bearings and rol-

ler shaft bearings, extra bearings for main Ihnft,

special balance main frame. We claim large cap--

CIty, excessive strength, Iimplieity and modem con-

struction, can in feeding, lighter running and in



anonl THE BEST ENSILAGE CUTTER. on the mar-





cttoduy of thin type. Our new catalog in free for

the akin . Wed-o manufacture the ROSS 5 .

The aw. Ross 60.. 3.114. Spflngfleld.0.





 





Guaranteed cholera Proof Hogs

FOR SALE





Choice from 520 Poland, Yorkshire,

Duroc and Tamworth grade Brood

Sows weighing from 150 to 300

lbs, due to farrow within from

ten to 90 days, at. 8 cts. per pound.



Choice from 1260 shoals of same

breeds, weighing from 40 to 100

lbs. at 8 cts. per pound.



Sows and sheets are not. fat but in

thrifty condition and are abso-

lutely immune from cholera.



About “2000 weaned pigs of same

breeds, 6 to 8 weeks old at $3 each;

pigs are from cholera proof sows

and boars but, are not immune.





ALI/All BROWN'S PIG FARM,

GRAND RAPIDS, MICH.





EARN TELEGRAPHY—Postitions guaranteed our

L telegraph graduates. Railroad wires in School. Catalog

free. North Western Telegraph School. Eau Claire, Wis.





”FOR SALE OR TRNDEI





A 4-YEAR-OLD BELGIAN STALLION,

VVoighs 1980 lbs. right. in every wayl Also two young

JACKS. one coming two years old and theother

coming three. Iii ht in every way. Address .



W. G. HIMME “'RIGHT, Frankfort. Indiana.





 





—[te istered Shire Stallion. 2 years, dark



For sale bays All right in every way, must. be sold

within 30 days. JOHN.SMITH, Box 243, Capac. Mich.

~Horsea. cattle. ahee . swine. poultry



For Sale nearly all breeds. Sires





and dogs

exchanged. South West Michigan Pedigreed Stock

Asc’n.. David Woodman, Sec'y.-Treas..Paw Paw. Mic .





BREEDERS’ DIRECTORY.

CATTLE.





ABERDEEN-ANGUS.





rd. loti of Trojan Eri Blackbirdl 9nd

PrIiIt‘IeeI. 3:111; in lauded by new. n Tm)“ file...

by Black Woodlawn. sire of Grand Ohm ion at“



and bull at the Intonation in OhIOIIO. £00.. 1910.





b ll for sale.

A mwv‘i‘ii’bmpéml bred you" “ £1101. Ionic. Inch.





RE 8 —One of foremost: dairy

f in. r raaw no.

333.1%" °iil3ll£h I”fiction for Deaf. rune. Mich.





' b half-brother of Rose of.

61mm lull Gain: 33%.... m. an... 1.... b. ,

669.891ba.. 2 yn.'_'l mo. Allan Kelsey. Lakeviow. Mich.





 





 

 

 





E have a few good . calm Bull





In Fri

, vac from 6 130-8 mo old. Price: and in-

divuiuals right. - Gregory it rden. Howell. Mich.





TE A] -—Bull calf born Jan.

IIOLS [NS 0'" g“ IT 24, from a double

30 lb. sire and. a 1.64 lb. A. R. 0. heifer. with

first calf. A fine individual. Price reasonable.

W. a. READER. Howell. Michllan.





Filll SALE-A. ll.ll. HERD BULL





one of the best, kind and gentle:\2 bull calves. 4 cows.

Prices right. T. E. Jackson. R. No. 3. South Bend.Ind.





“Top-Notch” Holsteins.





Choice bull calves from 3 to 6 mos. old. of fashion-

able breeding and from dams with . R. 0. records.

at. reasonable prices. Also one 2-year-old bull fit. to

head 3 00d herd.



MGPH RSON FARMS 00.. Howell. Mlchlgln.





HOLSTEIN BULL





J ust one more Grand son of





KING SE61 5 PONTIAC





Ready for servlce.

Write for what; you want in Holsteins.





REED & KNOWLES, Howell, Mich.





HOLSTEI NS





I can please any body with a service bull. bulls

from one to ten months old. sired by Johanna.

Concordia Champion. Also cows and heifers bred

to him. Write me for anything you want

in Holsteius.





L. E. CORNELL, - Fayette, Ohio.





A 24-Ib. Bull





Have Bull Calves out of—



13. 20.23. 24-11). COWS A. R. 0.

By a. ill-lb. Bull.



My herd averages 19 lbs.



If you want this kind write





BIGELOW’S HOLSTEIN FARMS,

Breedsvllle, Michigan.





"OLSTEII BULL calf sired by best son of

Pontiac Butter Boy. 58

daughters in advanced Re istry. out ofa grand

daughter of De Kol 2nd utter Boy 3rd. over

100 daughters in advanced Rogistr . A beautiful calf

of choicest. breedingj Price on y 850.

C. . WOODB RY. Lansing. Michigan.





 





 





 





 





 





 





' —d ed Feb. 17. 1912, n ‘arly white.

Hamel" Bu“ Bali 3732“; blood Hen erveld De K01

dams; record Senior 2-\'ear-old, 1.37 lbs. butter.

GEORGE E. LAPHAM. h. 8. St, Johns. Mich.





 





Purebred Registered





H OLSTE IN CATTLE

, The Greatest Dnlry Breed



' Sand for FREE Illustratcd Booklet.

Holstein-Frieda» Ano.. Box I64. Butdoboroflh-





 





.x. I





 





EGISTEBED HOLSTEIN CATTLE—Bulls all

sold. Herd headed by Hengerveld Coin Pietertie

LOYFD F. JONES. B. F. D 3. Osk'Grovezltllch.





YPSILANI) FARMS BULL CALVES.





Choicest. Konrd kc, Dekol and Hengerveld breed-

ing.. $50.00 to S! .00 Ofliclal Pedigrees on request.

COLE BROTHERS. Ypsilanti. Michigan.





 





 





JERSEYS AND DUROG JERSEYS

FOR SALE.





A_ few high class boars from such chum ion boars as

Orion Chief. Instructor. and King of I linois. Also

a few bred we and hot





sows. Jersey bulls, co fern.

BROOKVIATEB FARM, Allll lllllllll. NEIL, ll. F. D. 7.





Lillie Farmstead JERSEYS





Bulls ready for service. also bull calves and heifer

calves. Cown all in yearly test. Batilfaction guaran'

teed. COLON C. LILLIE. Coopercvllle. Mich.





MARS’i‘ON FARM—JERSEY cunt.

T. P. MARSTON. Bay City. Michigan.

{EISE'OWTEEGiQt‘ififfié‘S‘E“iiniga‘miigiiigii



. . A . L 0. a 3:0. I .

FOR SALE-asllli‘i'aisai afar;





one year. F. W'. NOTTEN. Grass Lake. Mlch.





 





 





ERSEY Bull Calves, 2 to 8 mos. old, Sirod by a Grand son of

Imp. Interested Prince and from cows that produce from

400 to .500 lbs. Butter in one year. A. Newman. Hui-latte. Mich.





FOR SAl-E—Reiga Joli-sanyull.hl_8hmto. old.

sol co or. rom t‘

dam. Price :75. o A. BRISTOL. Fenign. (Milli:





Will Sacrifice M Young Herd Bull,





20 mo. old son of one 0 King 8831' rent. d ht

for 3200. F. S. KENFIELD. Augucga. will. gtfnfi:





JE

BUTTER BRED gaggle”





CRYSTAL SPRING STOCK FARM.

Silver Creek. Allow County. Michigan.





0 t. f l '

JERSEY Bun-s; fo‘l' 310.8?12301 offewnglvss 0:713

heifers. S. B. EASON. STUBGIS. MICHIGAN





FOR SALE—3 yearlixanflolctein-Frieaiu bulls. also

.. bred heifers 150 to each. Bull calvec $10 to 800.

33 years a b 01-. Photos and pedi tees on appli.

cation. W. C. Jackson. South Bend. nd.. 719 Box St-





RED POI-(LE D—Ohoice lot of females any

age, also some bull calves.



J. M. CHASE d: SONS. lonll. Mlchlgnn.

B I] a Heifers for sale. all re istor-

Red POIICII edl. aState Fair winners. 'rlte

WELLS PARISH it SONS. R. No. 1. Allendale. Mich.





RED roan) BULLS FOR SALE‘S‘ii‘d‘EE





strains. JOHN BEBNER a SON. Grand Ledge. Mich.





Illlll NILE” Bllll. figfiegfitbfia 1,203,011.23;

sire and dam. . Herbison Bros. Birmingham, ich

Milling Strain of indium-3m i233.“ as}:

for one. WARNER BROS. Almont. Michigan.





OUR Scotch and Scotch Top ed Bull d f ;

F right sort and ti hi: ’rices.pw. B. MHCIIJUPITEABIS’I.

(Buccaneer to John lshbeck). Chilean. Michigan.





FOR SALE-10 Res. Shorthorn Bulls

onths old Scotch and 81233133? Brian’s lfot‘iigi



In . -



each. BIDWELL swoon FARM. ‘i’ooumsen. Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





MINI ABBEII “WWII“ T315 mbfiii’igéfil":

Cash or good note.- J. B. HUMMEL; Mason'Mioh.

’ SHEEP.

IJIOOSIII'S—Yeflnn' and ram lambs from Champion





flock of Thumb of Mich. Also selegt Bo -

shire swine Elmhurlt Stock Farm. Almon . ioh.





._ 1d

OIIONI DOW! Slice 'R‘iflaxiffgésngtgi gees





 





for sale. I. R. WATERB RY. Highland. Miohigan.‘





 





' ——Wish to close out both sexes. All



“Cg. flamhomfloh knee. Iownr‘prioe. Farm—2% miles

E. ortloemnG T.R. .and . U. B. J O. A. 000K.

FOR SALE—cheap. as I have no place to

keep them. two dram-class.



well-bred. registered Shro shire rams two outs

old. J. W. SLATER. raveroe city. when.





 





 





HOGS.





 





' ' —Young sows due Mar. it A ril.

lllll’llcS and VICIonas Bred to 1st rlze and champion

boar. Priced to move them M T. tory. Lowell) ich.





Weaned igs either sex $l5.

two for ‘ bred gilts $3"), bred

sows $50. re latex-ed and trans-





ferred. Excellent breeding. oioe individuals.

0‘. C. COREY New Haven. Michigan.





REKSHIRES—Z fanc gilts. bred. at: 835. Boats

‘servlcable e, 8%:an up. Am booking orders for

spring pigs. E mhurst Stock Farm, Almont. Mich.





 





 





 





' ~—A few choice youn sows

Improved CIWSICI' Whlhs bred forlate March April

furrow. Also three floung boars. cheap. to close them

out. W. O. WILSO . Okemos, Mich. Both phones.





 





O 1. 0’8 Special Prices on spring pigs and service males.

. also fall pigs 300 to pick from Shipped on approval.

ROLLENIMG VIEW STOCK FARM. Cass City Michigan.





 





o I SWINE—Males weighing 200 lbs. each. Also

. - . a few very choice gilte, bred for June far-

row. Geo. P. Andrews, Dansville. Ingham 00.. Mich.





 





o I 0 Extra choice bred gilts, service boars

'I .I i and spring plgs. not akin from State

Fair Winners. Avondale Stock Farm. Wayne. Mich





 





9 —All ages. growthy and large. sows bred.

00 l- C S Males ready. 11300 to select from Attractive





prices on young stock. Jump. Munith. Mich.





 





0 l C’s—J have some very fine and growthy last

.‘ a fall pigs. either sex. males ready for ser-

vice now. airs not akin. OTTO B. SCHULZE.

Nashville. . ich. half mile west. of depot.





 





00R Imp. Cheater Whites and Tamworth swine won.

245 let at Fairs in 1911. Service boars. also sows bred

for spring fan-owcf either breed that will please you

In quality and price, Adams Bros. Litchfield, Mich.





 





o I c swine and Bufl' Rock cockerele of

I I I right type. best of breeding. price way

down for quick sale. G. D. SCOTT. Quimby. Mich.





Choice sprin is. b “Frost'

00 l- c- Challenger" (2%31£)RVV1-iteyfor rice;

GLENWOUD sroox FARM. Zeeland. M’ich.





 





 





0 I cls of superior %ualii;y. Service boars, jibe.

- . spring pigs 0 akin pairs. Also Bufl’ glock





eggs $1.50 per 15. red Nickel. ll. .1. Monroe, Mich.





O. I. (Zr—Merl: '"k'dotfi': firings.





C. J. THOMPSO .

Write me for





0. VI. ch SWIN riceon Spring





Ptigs. alts alnd térlosddnft aklvl‘l; it. ave 3 number

0 new 00 macs 0 go o. r 6 me escrlbl

of your wants. A. J. GORDIEN. R. No. 2 Dorr.’ Midi}:





DUROC-JERSEY boars for sale from such sires as

Star Wonder and Mo‘s Coll from Chief Col. Fall

sows of like breeding. Reasonable prices and satisfnc.

tlon guaranteed. John McNicoll, North Star, Mich.





——S

Duroc Jersc s J332.b’§%.i‘ing..ié.“‘l

pay the express. J H. ANGHART, Lansing. Mich.





Dunoc Janszvstidaiaa

ready for sex-Vice Pricel right: for 10 days. Write or

come and see J C. BARNEY Goldwater, Mich.





SERVICE BOARS an genial”



. . . an 3 P 83.

d W‘ ‘



i2‘.‘l’.°.i.°&‘.’. “was. Githw°‘a.if“i?..3°"i‘...°°





lluroc Jump For Salu‘223“‘§°,?,:’“is.2§°gizgg:

sex. Pairs not. akin. M A. BEAM 0 Onion. Mich,





Registered Poland China Swine {'33 3.123”- .5533

good. NELSON J. WYCKOFF Summit. City, Mich.





BIG POLAND—CHINA SPRING PIGS





from large sires now ready tgéali‘i‘pbeilther sex, at;

$10 EACH. 0...... page





ALLEN BROS. PAW PAW. MIC





CLOSING our-Butler's B. T...

. . POLANDC INAS.

Boara—-“e've_ about. 20 big boned fellows left. of fall

i’arrow,welghlng 1501bs. not fat,read_v for service. at. $12

and 815 f. o. b. One'blg yearling at 825. 2 Jersey bulls



. C. Butler, Portland. Mich.





ready for service 32).



lARGE TYPE I). c.——'I'..r%rgest in Migllliigan.‘ Pig;

in mammo



sows. Weigh 16) to 175 lbs. at 4 months. Mglfnegtfil—



“Not how cheap but. how 00d" Will pay 9:



penseqof those who come an do not find what I



advertise W. E. LIVINGSTON. Purina. Mich.





MILAN” CIIINAS‘Eiih‘” ”malls-sea. Borne

P. D". LONG. R lighfiffndtfuifi, ”{3}:





—Bred from In t .

Poland Chills all fies. both Begin. :gelagdioeor:

prices. W. J. HAGELS AW. Augusta. Michigan.





Poland China fall and 8 ti ’

BIG TYPE bred. Dairy bred Shortl'l’orlig 8d Id 83:;

calves. Prices low. ROBERT NEVE. Pierson, Mich.





15 Poland China Sows bred ““7 spring ““-

priced to sell. WM. W'AFFLé?rCold$izlt.leeirt,ll lcégid'





Puuun c"m‘s—}¥oung Bows bred for April fan-ow.

L. w. BARNES a soivtfiaffigdxi. dfiiiv'ifsibeeiigf’liigfii





Big Iy‘pe P. G. Saws £2211 $3.53.?





00]) 8 SUN. Saline. Dilem-

Mu'efoo' Ho 8—30 SOWB and GILTS





bred. Also pigs not. akin.

Boats all ages. G. C. REGLOW. Ada. 0M0-

ue to far-





F0ll SALE—Yorkshire til .0... Janet).





WATERMAN & WATERMAN.

Meadow Land Farm. Ann Arbor. Michigan,





Lillie Farmstead YORKSHIH'ES.





Boers for a ring service. A few bred sows. Also

sows bred for uguct. and Se tambou- fsrrow. Pain;

and tries not akin. Satisfact on suntan _



COLON C LILLIB. Cooper-ville Mich





Pluu mention the fllchlglu Puller when

writing to advertise“.





 





 





A" '

Mm: (mi; *'





 





   

 





rung





 





J-)





 





 





l

5

.1

l

l

I





.mfim-.~d“w < .
I. .p. .u





 





 





i

i

i

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r





.m~ms.~.—.w~. m





 





. writer.





MAY 25, 1912.





 





YYVT'V





WWVVYVVVVYVYVY

‘1.





VETERINARY





“AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA





CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR, V, S.





Advice through this department is free

to our subscribers. Each communication

should state history and symptoms of the

case in full; also name and address of

Initials only will be published.

Many queries are answered that apply to

the same ailments. If this column is

watched carefully you will probably find

the desired information in a reply that

has been made to some one else. When

reply by mail is requested. it becomes

private practice, and a. fee of $1.00 must

accompany the letter.





 





 





 





 





Unthrifty Colt.—-I have a yearling colt

that has been in an unthrifty condition

ever since he was three months old. Dur—

ing the winter I fed him two or three

pints of oats three times a day and good

mixed hay. Since he has been in pasture

I have fed him a little grain every even-

ing. 1 have also given him some warm

separator milk. S. E, T., Allegan, Mich.

-—-You had better feed the colt some grain

three times a day, also salt him well and

keep him in good pasture. This is better

for him than drugs.



1ndigcstion—W’orms—Itchy Anus.—~Have

a horse that will soon be four years old





.which is not thriving; his old coat re—





mains on him, his legs stock when in

barn over night, he passes some worms,

and is inclined to rub his tail. F. M.,

Fairgrove, Mich.~l\'[ix together equal

parts. powdered sulphate iron. gcntian,

ginger, fenu reek, rosin and salt and glve

him a table. poonful or two at a dose in

feed three times a day. Are you. feeding

him enough grain and do you exermse

him regularly?



disobeyed.



Barrcnness.—»I have an eight—year-old

more that; had a colt four years ago which

appears to be in a healthy condition and

we have been unable to get her with foal

since. She. shows no indication of ever

being in heat and refuses to be united.

.l. S” East Tawas, Mich.—~l am inclined to

believe that your mare is perhaps barren;

however, a forced service might have a

tendency to bring her in heat. Hand

pressure applied to ovarics might bring

0n,heat; however, this work should be

done by a competent Vet.



Sprained Shoulder.——1 have a mare that

is lame in right shouldcr and there is

some swelling of shouldcr muscle. llave

applied blister without good results. Have

been working her and I might say that

She has showu stiffness in front for the

past three years. She has a habit of

placing foot in manger and this may ac-

count for her lameness. l". C. 11., item-

lock, Mich.—Apply equal parts turpen—

tine, aqua ammonia. and olive oil to swol-

len muScle every day or two. _



Influenzav—(Pink layer—How long wrll

nink‘e‘ye infection remain in a stable and

{lo horses have more than one attack?

A. QM. 1L, Millington, Mich. Horses sel—

dom have more than one attack every

two ycars and the infection may lurk in

a stable for several months; however, you

should fumigate your barn with either

formaldehyde or sulphur, or whitewash

it. Be sure and ventilate your stable.

AS a rule little, is done to prevent in-

fluenza infection for the contagion seems

to carry in the air.



SweenyseI havo a valuable five—year—

old horse that sprained shoulder some six

weeks ago causing some wasting away of

muscles of shoulder. A. B. (3., Yale, Mich.

»—Clip off hair and apply ccrate of can—

‘harides or you may safely use any of the

blisters that are, regularly advertised in

this paper.



Partial Dislocation of Stinefll have

a colt coming two years old which showed

stiffness in left hind leg for past three

months. \thn forced to move he jumps

about, then the leg suddenly leaves the

ground and seems to unlock, then he

travels all right. \thn moving he drags

foot very close to ground and always has

trouble when backing out of stall. J. IL,

Cadillac, Michx—Apply one part red iodide

mercury and ten parts (aerate of can-

tharides to stifle joint three times a.

month.



Eczema—J have a five-year-old mare

that seems to itch and enjoys to be cur-

ricd. She has a few little pimples on

skin and is working every day. “7. T. S.

Oak Grove, Micli.—-(‘.ive her a dessert—

spoonful of Donovan’s solution of arsenic

at a dose in feed three times a day and

apply one part bichloride of mercury and

1.000 parts water to sore parts of body

twice a. day. Her bowels should be kept

open.



\\'eak Eyes—I have two horses that

appear to have weak eyes; one of them is

four years old, the other six. Their sight

is not affected, but water drips from eyes.

M. V\'., St. Charles, Mich.—-Mix 1/2 oz.

boracic acid and 1/2 oz. borate of soda

in a quart of clean boiled water and ap-

ply a few drops to eyes twice a day.



Chronic Cough——Swollen Glands—Our

nine-year—old mare caught cold two

months ago which was followed by a.

swollen gland, considerable discharge from

nose and our local Vet. has applied sev-

eral blisters to throat, also prescribed

medicine for her, but she shows little im-

provement. \Ve have followed out Vet‘s

directions and given her good care. The

doetor calls it a case of catarrh or nasal

gleet. L. E. K., St. Louis. Mich—Give

your mare a teaspoonful of powdered sul-

phate iron and 1/_. oz. Donovan’s solution

at a dose in feed three times a day. She

will soon show improvement after you

turn her on grass and out in fresh air:

besides, the warm weather will palliate

her ailment.



Serous Abscess on Knee—My 17-year-

old mare must have hurt her knee five

weeks ago, causing a bunch to apepar

which since opened and discharges a wat—

ery fluid. She shows no lameness, but is

a. little stiff. Our local Vet. has treated





 





her without very good results. Rf M.,

Allenton, Mich—It is possible that you

have done far too much in line of treat-.

ment for knee. Dissolve 4 ozs. sulphate

of zinc and 3 ozs. of carbolic acid in a.

gallon of water and apply to knee two or

three times a day. She may bruise her

knee when working or When down.



Loss of Vision—We have a heifer calf

ten weeks old that has gone blind. This

calf has shown considerable stiffness and

has also had scours. Her eyes appear

glassy but not covered with film. L. H.

R, Metamora, Mich—Your calf suffers





‘from paralysis of optic nerves and is in—





curable.



Cow Gives Bloody Milk.-—I have a cow

that came fresh May 8, that has been

giving bloody milk ever since, but she is

not sick. F. C. F., Utica, Mich—Dissolve

1,4 lb. sugar of lead in a gallon of cold

water, add one pint tincture of arnica and

apply to bruised quartcr of udder three

times a day.



Indigestion—I have a pair of twin heif—

er calves four Weeks old. one of them is

quite costive, but I relieved it. by giving

raw linseed oil and epsom salts. This

calf has not fed well and, of course. is in

rather an unthrifty condition. It has a

habit of shaking its head while eating as

if it did not like separator milk. A. B..

Marlett‘e, Mich—l’ut l/g tcaspoonful of

fluid extract gentian and 1,; teaspoonful

cooking soda in its milk three times a

day. You should feed the calf warm

milk.



Rheumtaism.—I have a young sow that

farrowed nine pigs eight weeks ago and l.

weaned them a few days ago. I feed sow

corn, little grOund oat ,meal added in the

form of slop. For the past few days she

has shown stiffness in hind legs and 1

would like to know what to give her. F,

(:1. IL, La Salle, Mich.~Givc sow 10 grs.

sodium salicylate at a. dose three or four

times a day. Feed her oats instead of

corn and apply one part turpentine, one

part aqua ammonia and five parts olive

oil to back and hind quarters once a day.



Partial Loss of l’ower.—I have a purc-

bred Yorkshire boar six months old that

has been showing some lameness in hind

quarters lately and he gets up with (litli—

t-ulty. ll. B. S. \Volverine, Mich.——Give

him 5 grs. iodide potassium at a dose

three times a day for a wr-ek and if he

shows no improvement increase dose to

‘-.0 grs., also apply alcohol to back and

hind quarters two or three times a day.



ilusk. or l'arasitic Bronchitis—I am

sending you under separate cover by mail

a box containing a few worms taken from

the larynx or upper part of wind pipe of

a sheep that died. The treatment we have

given our sick sheep has failed to give

them relief. 1 might mention that a good

many of our neighbors have lost sheep

showing very similar symptoms. I shall

appreciate an early reply through your

paper. C. 1:. C., Vassar, Mich.uYour sick

sheep should be fumigated with sulphur

and this is best done by placing them in





’a close room, sprinkling sulphur on a red





hot plate or shovel or a shovelful of red

hot coals, remaining in the room while

this fumigating is going on, for fear of

suffocation to the sheep. You can ar-

range so as to breathe fairly fresh air

yourself, but at the same time watch tho

actions of your sheep. 1 also advise that

you treat same sheep for stomach worms

and you may give 8 drops of carbolic acid

in 1%; pint of milk, two doses a week for

two weeks. In my practice I have given

as much as 12 drops in four or five ounces

of milk and obtained good results. I have,

also given 3 ozs. of a one per cent solu—

tion of coal tar creosote with frirly good

results and. of course. you hav perhaps

given a. teaspoonful of gasoline in two or

three ounces of milk or two ounces of

olive oil with good results. In conclusion

I might add that parasitic bronchitis is

not a very common ailment in sheep in

this country, but your sheep are doubt—

less suffering from it.





LIVE STOCK NOTES.





 





 





 





The sheep market has been the most

sensational in recent weeks ever known.

a record-tweaking boom in prices bcing

followed by" almost as sensational de-

clincs. \\'hcn fat lambs shoot up as

much at $2.30 per 100 lbs. in three weeks,

there must be an extraordinary difference

between supply and demand, and this is

the only explanation of tho recent boom

that sent primedambs up to the highest

figures ever recorded in the Chicago

market. At the best time the prime

woclcd Colorado lambs sold at $10.60 per

.100 lbs. at the Chicago stock yards, dup—

licating the record price paid there in

March, 1910, and clipped lambs of supe-

rior quality brought $9.75. A fancy class

of wooled heavy weight yearling wethers

sold as high as $8.25, while prime shorn

wethers brought, $7.75 and fancy native

ewes landed at $7.50. Thcse prices were

never duplicated except in March, 1010.

There has been an unusual demand for

mutton and lamb meats,‘ and with stocks

hold in coolers reduced to almost nothing.

the packers paid almost any price to get

what they wanted. The result. of this

was just what was expected, the conse—

quent sharp advance in prices for mutton

in retail markets throughout the country

causing many families to cease buying it.

This brought about a much slower de-

mand for lch muttons, and not until

sellers submitted to large reductions in

prices would killers make their usual

trades.



The sheep feeding season has been a

very unfavorable one for the great ma—

jm‘ity of sheepmen, the usual rush to ship

holdings to market early being greatly

intensified by the fact that prices of feed

were about the highest ever known. Few

sheepmen had faith in the future market,

fearing that a course of long feeding

would eat up all the profits, and the re-

sult was that extremely few flocks of

sheep, yearlings and lambs were carried

into the late spring. From very low

prices the market jumped to the other

extreme, and late shippers made unex-





THE MICHIGAN -EARMERg





pectedly liberal profits. A prominent

sheep seller at the Chicago stock yards

advises his patrons in sheep feeding dis-

tricts that it would be, much more profit-

able one year with another to feed only

such :1 number of sheep and lambs as

feed can be provided for ('0 carry them

through until late in the spring, provided

they could not be marketed earlier at a

profit. ~



\Vith most of the sheep and lambs now

marketed, the present conditions are

against any low range of prices until

grass sheep from Texas and spring lambs

from east of the Mississippi riVer are

marketed in large numbers. Several

weeks of high prices seem to be assured.

with nearly all the supplies held in big





railroad feed lots not far from Chicago,





these being owned by men who have no

idea of shipping them in at a faster rate

than the market will absorb them at: stiff

values.



The rank and file of the cattle sold in

the Chicago market have been selling at

the best prices ever known in the, late

spring months, and the host heavy steers

haVc gone abovc $9 per 100 lbs. ()f

course, the dearncss of beef is becoming

a factor in lessening its consumption, and

this is causing the packers to buy up all

the handy light weight cattle that are

convertible into moderately low beef to

suit the popular demand. Looking as far

backward as the year 1882, prime beeve's

sold as high as $9.30 per 100 lbs., this fig-

ure standing as the highest summer price

since the Civil war. Anything with a

“kill” sells extremely high, and medium

gradcs scll much higher than fancy cattle

did a year ago. Further marking up of

prices for a fair class of cattle is not im-

probable, withwholesale prices for beef

in New York quotcd the highest for any

year since. 1881, ltcccntly a carcass of

natch corn—fed beef was quoted at a

Brooklyn market at a top llgurt- of 13

cents pcr pound, which old—timers agreed

was the highest price seen in over 30

years.



The. extreme dcaincss of beef and mut-

ton is ca‘lsizlg many families to substitute

pork tt a much greater extent than here-

toforc. for from pork products are much

cheaper than othcr mcats. There is also

a large domestic and foreign demand for

cured hog meats and lard, with bacon

and hams, as well as salt pork, much

favored. Hwners of thriving young hogs

should make. note of these things before

they hurry their stock to market. In all

probz'lbility, hogs will sell at high prices

for a long period, for there is no over-

supply le_ft in fccding districts, according

to all reliable advist-s. l<‘urthermorc, thc

Spring pig “crop" is below normal, ac—

cording to late rcturns, while. the country

is growing rapidly in population. The

packers Ill't‘ awake to these facts and

want every hog they can get hold of. un—

dcr Conlidtnt ('Xllt‘t'lilllllll that the, drain

on cured hog products in their collars

will continue, heavy for months to come.



L. I). l'z'gctt, of Mitchell county. Kan—

sas, has fed sheep regularly for the last

14, years, having fed 1,000 last winter and

marketed the last of lilt‘lll about a fort—

night ago at the high prices then ruling.

.lle.says: “In looking over the sheep

fceding situation, i am convinced that the

only safe way to feed is to lay in a full

supply of corn and othcr feed in the, fall,

and he prepared to hold back in market-

ing till the lambs are fat, and until the

market seems to be bcst. To be caught

short on t'ccd toward the last, and com-

pullcd to unload then. is dangerous.”



Reports from Madison county. ()hio.

arc. that young cattle are very scarce, duo

principally to many farmers going into

tho dairy industry and selling most of

their calves for veal. Many of the calves

are of a bt-ef class and could profitably

be used for feeders and matured as beef

cattle of it gontl class, but a good many

farmers prefer to market veal calves in-

discriminatcly so as to take advantage of





the high prices paid for cream and but-l





tcr and for veal calves.



John It‘cllel‘, of \\'aterbury, Nob, is it

great advocate of alfalfa as a stock feed.

llo says in this day of high-priced land,,

he does not see how a farmer can fecd

profitably cattle. and hogs without alfalfa.

it being the cheapest roughage he knows

of in a long experience of stock fccding.

llis stock haVc a great relish for it, and

cattle and hogs make satisfactory gains

upon it. Mr. Feller owns a drove of hogs

that arc hybrids of l’oland-L‘hiinis and

Chester \Vhilcs. lie regularly raises l‘ol-

and-Chinas. but has found that after long

brccding, the hogs become too high bred,

and tho infusion of different blood results

in frcsh vigor.



Chicago warehouscs contain 164,000,000

lbs. of hog meals. compared with 167,828,-

000 lbs. a month earlier and 127.173.0th

lbs. a year ago. ard holdings amount to

118,000 ticrces. cmnparcd with 107.000

ticrces a month ago, and 14.000 ticrces a

year ago. The decrease in slut-ks of hog

meats during April rcllects the increas—

ing consumption of hog products.



The good grass growth e'.'cr_\’whcre has

resulted in extrcmcly small marketings

of high-grade. milch cows. and intending

buyers in the Chicago and other western

stock yards from dairying regions are

disappointed in the quality of the offer-

ings. Strictly prime milkers are scarcely

offered. and when one is discovered, the

price is very high.



{eports from various farming districts

are that much plowed up wheat lands

will be devoted to corn. as well as con—

siderable areas at first intended for cats,

which will be used for (orn instead be-

cause of the lateness of the spring. Much

meadow and pasture land is also being

plowed up and turned over to corn. Should

there be a good corn crop this year,

farmers will~ naturally realize the im--

portance of feeding more live stock. and

this will benefit them, as well as the vast

numbers of consumers. Traveling grain

men who represent cash houses operating

over the corn belt are almost unanimous

in the belief that more acres will be

planted to corn this spring than ever

before.





Dip for





Dallars





You actually put dollars in our



ocket when you ut your ogs



rough a bath 0 Dr. Hess Dip

and Disinfectant.



Its action is swift and sure— it

prevents scurvy skin ——kills lice

and fleas which so often hide and



lay havoc behind the hog’s ears,

etween the folds of the skin,

and around the abdomen.





$ Dr. [less Dip

‘ and Disinfectant





prevents mange. scab, hog cholera and all

parasmc Skin troubles. lt l’s a powerful

dismfectant, _germlc1de and deodorizer,

equally effective on sheep. horses, cattle,

dogs and poultry.



Prepared by Dr. Hess (M. D., D. V. S.)

and sold under a. money back uarantee if

not satisfactory._ One gallon 0 Dip makes

70 gallons solution. If your dealer can't

supply you. order from us direct.





Write for Free Dip Booklet.





Dr.lless & Clark, Ashland,0hio.

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TakeGood Care





 





Of The Colts ,





It’s cheaper to raise [012‘s than to

buy [107565. But it’s (ml/y if you lose

the colts. Keep a bottle of Kendall’s

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from other causes.





 

 

 

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 





is used and recom-’

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by druggists ev~ _

erywhcre, $1.00 a

bottle, 6 for $5.00.





 





Get a copy of ”A

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Horse" at your

druggists. or write





l Dr. B. J. Kendall Co. ’

1 Enosburg F alts, Vt.





 

 





 





NO matter how_long your horse

has been aliiicte ,





CLEAR-EYE REMEDY





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Itls the only remedy of its kind sold undera

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Clear-Eye will cure. It is the modem rem-

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Prepaid and Guam/11¢ rd. Frcc our valuable book

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you as a horse owner should know Write for it.





_ The Lakeside Remedy Co.

atoll Calumet Ave. Chicago. Illinois





 





 





 





THE LANKFORO COTTON COLLAR

is long—wearing under heav-

iest work, rain or shine. No-

tcd for preventing sore shoul-

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them while the animal works.

Is absorbent. soft and with-

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time. is economica‘mmd lasts ~'

2 to 5 yrs. Write {or booklet.

COUCH BROS. MFG. CO.

3306 Beekman St.Cincinnati.0.





 





 





 

 

 

 





V“ mam IRON ’ROOFIN ‘





. ‘ Money back or a new roof if it de-

puR: teriorates or rusts out. No painting

‘Or repairs required. Our Indemnity Bond pro-

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ing. Write for big illustrated book FREE.



M The American Iron Rooflnd Co.

smlonG Enmu. OHIO.





 

 

 

 

     





 





 





that PAY. $427,530 made by cli-



ents. 2 Books—“What & How



. to Invent—Proof of Foturnes



in Patents}? E2151). Guide Free! Send sketch or model

. . B





 





for report. OOMAN, Pat. Atty. 864 FSL,Wash, D. C.





GUARANTEED FORO3O YEARS .





 

     

   





ls

;,
(it)





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DETROIT, MAY 25, 1912.,





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





CURRENT COMMENT.





 





The Bureau of Edu-

cation of the I'nitcd

Statcs Dcpartmcnt

, . of the Interior has

recently issued a bulletin on agricultural

education in secondary schools in which

the problem is propoundcd of where the

1cachers required to gch such instruction

in secondary schools, as is acknowledged

lo be needed at tho present time, are to

be secured. In this bulletin the state—

ment is made that at prcscnt nearly 2,000

high scchools in the country are touching

agriculture, the course being taken by an

uggrc-gute of 37.000 pupils but, according

to the bureau' S specialist in rural cdu-

(alion, only a very few besides those giv-

ing four-year courses on this subject

have instructors with u college or normal

school training on scientific agriculture.





Agriculture in High

Schools.





In commenting upon this phase of edu—

cational work this expert says that prob-

ably no one factor has had a greater in-

fluence in retarding the introduction of

Substantial courses in agriculture in all

those high schools where pupils are drawn

in large numbers from farming districts,

than the shortage of properly qualified

teachers. This has bccn one of the diffi-

culties met with in the introduction of

ugriculurc in thc high schools of Michi—

gnn, but notwithstanding this fuct thc

men have been found who were qualified

for the teaching of agriculturc in the

fiftccn high schools of the state in which

agricultural instruction is now givcu.



Among the 600 pupils who are profiting

by such agricultural instruction in Mich-

igan high schools thcro will bc many who

with some supplementary training as our

agricultural college will be well qualified

to take up this branch of educational

work, and, as noted in the bulletin above

.mentioned, the salaries which are Offered

for this line of work are much more at—

tmctive than those offered for ordinary

educational work of a similar grade. It

is estimated by I‘l'ofcssor French, who is

in cnarge of this department of educa-

tional work in Michigan, that next year

‘similar courses will be in operation in

;something like twenty-four high schools

in different sections of Michigan It

would thus appear that in Michigan a.

right beginning has been made in the

Ynatter of introducing agricultural in-

struction in the public schools.





' 'With the rapid increase in the number

61' high schools in which agricultural

courses will be offered in future years,





the number ot'pu‘pils who rwill'havs'ed-





vantage of this instruction'will be muls

tiplied many fold, and within a. decade at

most the average high school graduate

who seeks to make teaching a business

will be prepared to take an examination

in agricultural subjects and to give pri-

mary agricultural instruction in the com-

mon schools of the state. In the instal-

lation of this system of introducing agri-

culture into our schools through the me-

dium of the high schools first, Michigan

has provided against the need which is

recognizcd by the government specialist

in the bulletin above mentioned, and it

would appear that the preliminary work

toward the general introduction of agri-

cultural instruction in our Michigan

schools has been of such a nature as to

prove a good foundation for the further

rapid extension of that work in a manner

which will give a maximum of results at

a minimum of cost.





A comparison of



AProfitable Field far the crop yields in

Investigation. the United States

with those :of some



of the European countries brings to light

an interesting situation which should

prove a profitable field for investigation

by our agricultural scientists. It has

been estimated that during the past

quarter of a century the increase in the

yield per acre of American crops has been

comparativcly small, amounting to only

2.8 pcr ccnt in the case of wheat and 21.8

per cent in the case of potatoes, which

showed the highest increase of any of

our staple crops.’ “Then averages are

taken in the five staple crops of wheat,

rye, barley, oats and potatoes the aver-

age increase in the per acre yield in the

United States is estimated at 4.6 bushels.





This does not compare favorably with

some of the European countries. (lor-

mzmy, for instancc, has increased its av-

erage yicld of these staple crops 24.8

bushcls per acre. These comparisons are

hardly fair to this country because of

the fact that lcrmany raises such a

large acrcngo of potatoes in comparison

with the I'nitcll States, and yet there is

no doubt whutever that the soils of many

of the l-luropean countries which have

been tlllcd for many centuries are today

growing much larger yields of these sla-

plo crops than are the comparatively new

soils of the United States.



Some agricultural experts who have

Studied this problem ascribe the com-

paratively rccent general improvement in

crop yields in Germany and some other

European. countries to the adoption of a

better crop rotation in which sugar beezs

havo bccu included_over a wide area.

This contention is assumed rather than

proven so fur us we know, and in case

it is a corrccl assumption it remains 1*)

ho provcn whether the result is due to

hotter cultural methods or more liberal

fertilization practiced in the growing of

sugar boots or to some cause peculiar to

the effect of this root crop upon the soil.

It is entirely possible also that the ex-

tensch growing of DOtZLtOCS‘in Germany

may have had a similar influence upon

the crop yiclds. It is a fact which has

been rcpcatedly noted by commercial po-

tato growcl's in Michigan that where this

crop is grown upon our soils in such a.

manner as to produce a. maximum yield,

that is Where proper methods of fer-

tilization and cultivation are followed to

produce a maximum yield, subsequent

crops grown upon the land Show a mark-

ed improvemcnt ovcr crops grown upon

soil devoted to corn, or other spring crops

which are given similar cultivation.





“’hcthcr this is duc entirely to better

fertilization commonly given the potato

crop in order to produce profitable yields.

or whethcr it is due to more thorough

cultivation of the ground and a later

Working of the soil in the fall in digging

the crop, which is very thorough in cascs

whore the machine diggers are used, is

a matter for furthcr scientific investiga-

tion. Much the same effect might be

produced by the lifting of beets in the

full, and it is claimed by many observant

farmers that the fertility of the best sug-

ar beet land has increased with the in-

troduction of this crop in Michigan agri—

culture.



If there is anything in this contention

it would indccd be. a profitable field for

scientific investigation, in order that, if

it is established that this desirable result

follows the growing of root crops upon

our soils, the primary cause or causes of

the effect may be determined and our

agriculture benefited thereby. L



This is more important at this time

since the increased production of crops

in this country which will be required to

feed an ever increasing population must

come from increased yields per acre,





rather than from. the, addition of larger-

areas to our improved lands. Until such

scinetiflc investigation may be undertak-

en and carried to a. successful issue our

farmers would do well to make careful

observations to determine whether or not

it is a fact that general crop yields are

improved by the introduction of sugar

beets in the crop rotation, and whether

as a general proposition similar results

uniformly obtain where potatoes and oth-

er root crops are growu under the im-

proved cultural methods which are more

generally in use upon Michigan farms

than ever before.





The data collect-

ed by the census

bureau for the

most important

general crops has recently been tabulated,

making crop statistics for the decade of

1900 to 1900 available for comparison.

In a recent issue the figures relating to

the area and value of farm lands were

given. with comparisons covering this

decade. These figures showed that there

were ‘in the United States 878,798,325

acres of land in farms, of which 478.451,-

750 acres were improved,



From the figures presented in the sta-

tistics just made public relating to the

acreage and value of staple crops. includ-

ing the cereals corn, wheat, oats, barley,

rye, buckwheat, rice, emmer and kafiir

corn, the hay and forage crops, potatoes,

tobacco and cotton, we find the land de-

voted to these crops aggregates 301,325,-

598 acres. occupying somewhat over one-

third of all the land in farms and some—

what less than two-thirds of the improved

farm lands, while the total value of these

crops in 1909 amounted to $4,499,320.000,

rcprcsenting a per capita production of

$48.92.



Quoting from the statistical report ls-

sucd by the ccnsus bureau. the following

figures will afford an interesting oppor—

tunity for comparison:



Thi- most important crops in both cen-

sus years in respect to acreage are com,

with 98,382,665 acres in 1910; hay and for—

agc, 172,280,776; wheat, 44,262,592; oats,

33,159,441. and cotton, 32,043,838, in the

order named. Barley, which comes next

in order with 7.698.706 acres, has less than

one-fourth thc acreage of cotton.





increase in Production

of Staple Crops.





In value the order of the crops is dif—





fcrent. Corn stands first, with $1,438.-

553,919, but hay and forage assumes the

second place with $824,004,877, followed





by cotton, 8703619303, wheat, $657,656,-

801, and outs, $414,697,422. The value of

the potato crop $166,423,910, which ranks

next in importance. is less than two-

fifths that of cuts. '



The increases in the acreage of hay

and forngc and cotton both exceeded that

for thc combined cereals. Among the

cereals thcre was a marked decrease in

the acrcngc of wheat, which, however,

was somcwhat more than compensated

for by the increases in the acreage of

other grains, especially oats, corn and

barley. In value, the enormous increase

of 81.182.936.665, or 79.8 per cent, was

shown for 1909 as compared with 1899.

For none of the crops considered was it

less than 60 per cent.



Comparing 1909 with 1899, the figure

for the United States as a whole show an

increase of 3.5 pcr cent in. the acreage of

cereals and of only 1.6 per cent in pro-

duction, the difference in the rate of in-

crease being due to a slightly smaller

production per acre. During the decade

the pOpulation increased 21 per cent, while

the per capita production of cereals.

which in 1899 was 58.4 bushels, was in

1909 only 49.1 bushels. \Vith a production

only slightly larger, the value of the

cereal crop in 1909 excecds that in 1899

by 81.183.000.000, or 79.8 per cent.





The eighteenth vol—

ume of the Ycarbmllt

issued by the Iini-

ted States Department of Agriculture,

which is just off the press, contains 31

articles and 67 full page illustrations. In

5120 and makeup this book is very similar

to those which haVe preceded it. The

annual report of the secretary of agricul-

ture for the fiscal year ending June 30,

1911, occupies 142 pages and this report

is supplemented by statistical matter cov-

ering 200 pages. thus giving the most

complete and comprehensive summary

available of the agricultural conditions in

the United States. In addition to this

matter. the 354 pages comprising the

body of the volume contain some 30 ar-

ticles contributed by members of the

scientific force of the department relating

to many of the important questions now

occupying the attention of farmers of the

country and the topics equally vital'to

producers and consumers of food stuffs.



AmOng these articles are two relating





The 1911 Yearbook.





 





 

     





vto- forestry, one entitled “Tree Planting





by Farmers,” and one on the,“Business‘

Aspect of the National Forest‘and Tima

ber Sales." There are also seyeral arti-

cles of special interest to the farmers of

the semi-aridrsections ‘of the west relat-

ing to dry farming and irrigation prob-

lems. Considerable space is devoted to

the interests of the general farmer, the

fruit grower and the truck gardener.

Among these are articles on “Seasonable

Distribution of Labor on the Farm,"

“Some Results of Farmers' Co-operative

Demonstration Work,” “Rotations in the

Corn Belt,” “Promising New Fruits," etc.





Of especial interest to poultry men, and

also to general farmers who make poul-

try productIOn an important branch of

their work. are articles on the “Handling

and Marketing of Eggs,” “The Reduction

of Vt’aste in Marketing,” etc. Many oth-

er subjects of more or less general inter-

est to both producers and consumers are

treated in the volume.



As usual, the larger part of the edition

of this volume is reserved by congress for

distribution by senators and representa-

tives, to their constituents who may de-

sire them, to Whom all requests for the

book should be addressed.





On May 1, a. suit

was filed in St.

Paul by the 'fed-

eral government

against the International Harvester 00.,

of America, for alleged violation of the

Sherman Actw Pursuant to the filing of

this suit, President Cyrus Ii. McCormick

of the Harvester Co., issued a statement

in which he asserted that the Interna-

tional Harvesler Co., was organized for

the purpose of securing economy in the

manufacture and sale of machinery and

of increasing the- foreign trade. He as-

serts thcrc is no “water” in its capitali-

zation, and that it has earned only rea-

sonable returns on its capital, or an av-

erage of less than seven per cent per

annum.



He calls attention to the- fuct that the

prices of its machincs are substantially

the some now as when the company was

organized, notwithstanding an increase

of 15 per cent in raw material prices and

30 per cent in wages. Mr. McCormick

asserts that the company has caused a

large saving to Amcrican farmers in the

cost of agricultural implements and in-

creased the foreign trade in this, line

four fold, or to an aggregate of $42,009,-

000 in 1911, and further asserts that in

thus promoting its foreign trade it has

not sold its products cheaper abroad than

at home.



In this statement, reference is made

to the charges of misconduct found in the

bill and a decision rendered by the Su-





A Case for Suspended

Judgment.





prcme Court of Missouri in a case

brought against the compuny in that.

state, is cited in refutation of those





chargcs. In summing up Mr. McCormick

says that, “The organizers of this com-

pany acted under the advice of able

counsel and in the sincere belief that

they were violating no law. If under

later decisions it should be held that the

low was violated, it could only be through

the power to oppress which has never

been exerciser.”



In this statement, Mr. McCormick re-

views the history of the government in-

VeStigation of the company, beginning

more than six years ago when the com-

pany's hooks and records were opened

for inspection and all information re—

quesl'ed was furnished. Mention is made

of the recent frank discussions of the

whole situation between representatives

of the government and the company and

the honest efforts on both sides to avoid

litigation, and the hope is expressed that

plans may yet be formed which will avoid

the necessity of protracted litigation by

satisfying the claims made undc'r the

Sherman act without impairing the eco-

nomic advantages and benefits secured

by thc present organization, although he

states that no form of re—organization has

becn suggested by the government which

secms practically possible. ’



In connection with this suit, it may be

stated that the government has carefully

avoided the embarrassment of the com-

pany in carrying on its present business

and that no inconveniences will be caus-

ed to that portion of the public which

may have dcalings with the company

during the progress of litigation: This

being the case, we may well suspend

judgment in the matter until the propo-

sition iS' finally threshed out in the

courts, hoping in the meantime that

whatever the final solution of the prob—

lem, it may be more satisfactory from'a.





public standpoint than has been the case-





in some of the- more notable trust prose-

cutions under the Sherman act.
May I take some exceptions to your

“explanation of the township unit school





- system" in an editorial of May 2, 1912.





You said that 'a number of townships

in the lower peninsula of Michigan voted

to adopt that system at the April election,

other districts were holding special elec-

tions on the question of adopting the sys-

tem and still others are circulating peti-

tions for such organization.



The above are doubtless the “selected

townships” that the sum of $500 was used

in, for an “educational campaign on the

subject.”



In the county commissioner’s section

of the State Teachers’ Association held in

Detroit, November 2, 1911, State Superin-

tendcnt \Vright said:



“We need give no reasons why the

township unit system should be adopted.

A law was passed in 1909 and amended

in 1911 allowing the change, but not one

township in the lower peninsula has been

organized.” "‘ * * “The farmer is sus-

picious of all, suspects motives, ‘has to be

shown.‘ “‘ "' * Everyone is for it ex-

cept the imediate ones concerned.”



Mr. W'right sugcsted two ways of

bringing about the change. “First. This

section asks from the State Teachers’ As-

sociation $500 for an educational cum-

paign in certain selected townships. Sec-

ond. Through legislation. That after a

certain date all townships shall be organ-

ized under the township system.”



His motion to ask for the sum of $500

was passcd. also an amendment that he

could direct its use, which may account

for the “apparent increase of public sentim

mom for that system,” that you note,

lor.“not. one township school district has

been organized. since the law passec,”

prior to Novembcr 2, 1911.



This plainly shows that farmer parents

do not want such change, they being “the

immediate persons concerned.”



No true reform requires either money,

talk or force to promote it. The farming

people know their own needs, and are not

fools “that have to be shown.”



The fact is that some of the big city

superintendents and professors are the

main ones who demand this change in the

country school system through selfish m0-

tlvcs. There is no country demand for it.



These agitators are trying to promote

it by pushing through lobby legislation,

by sending in to the press misleading par-

agraphs and by the use of money “to

create public opinion."



if this syslem “docs not mean the con-

solidation of country schools, or the

abanlonmcnt of the schoolhouses as now

locatec," it permits such action without

consulting the people—if not, what' does

the last section of the act mean? That

section gives the township board of ed-

ucation the power to make “any order, or

decision with rcfcrcnce to the formation

of any school, the division or arrangement

of any territory, or location of the schools,

Or maintaining of school in any part of

said district."



It allows people aggrieved by such “or-

der or decision" no redress except they

may appeal to the state superintendent,

but the Act rezids that “if in his opinion

the appeal is frivolous or without suffi-

cient cause he may summarily dismiss the

same; * * his dccisiOn shall be final.”



People could not take their grievance

to c-lurl. Of course, the name “centrali-

mtmn" is suppressed. but it is a main

object both in a political as well as edu-

cuti inal sense.



This township unit law is not like the

uppcr peninsula law nor like the Ohio

township system. There is no provision

made in this law to allow the people to

amend, repcal or recall their vote of or-

ganization if not pleased with change.



The whole Act of 1909 is replete with

crafty, ambiguous and misleading pro-

visions scattered through it as well as

through Act 117 of 1911. Both should be

entirely repealed.



They deprive the people of all power

over the schools and vest it in boards of

education who are subject only to the

state superintendent who in turn is sub-

ject only to "his opinion.”



Lapcer Co. MRS. R. M. BROWNELL.





 





HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.





National.



A congress is to be held at Seattle.

Wash. during July, for the purpose of

formulating plans to counteract the im—

migration of American farmers from the

northwestern states into Canada.



At the Methodist Episcopal conference

in session in Minneapolis. Bishops Moore,

Warren and Neeley have been retired.



The bill providing for an amendment

of the federal constitution so that United

States senators may be elected by direct

vote of the people has been acted upon





 





 





 





.' 1





By the United States‘senate and signed .





y the president of that body. The

amendment will now be presented to the

several states for ratification.



Gov. Foss, of Massachusetts, has re-

fused clemency in favor of Clarence V.

T. Richeson, who died early Tuesday

morning in the electric chair for the mur-

der of Avis Linnell.



The trial of Clarence S. Darrow, indicted

for jury bribery in the McNamara dyna-

miting case, tried at Los Angeles, Cat, is

now on in the same place.



,Delegates to the general assembly of

the Presbyterian church are gathering at

Louisville, Ky. It is expected that 1,200

representatives will be present. Sessions

will continue throughout the month.



The tire losses in this country and Can-

ada for the year of 1911 is stated to be

something over $234,000,000. This amount

makes a per capita loss amounting to

between $3 and $4, while the estimated

per capita loss in Europe is less than 40

cents.



A fire, estimated to have cost $1,000,000

occurred in the central business district

of Houstou, Texas, early Sunday morn-

ing. The lire is believed to be the result

of defective wiring.



The United States department of jus—

tice is bringing action against the South-

ern Pacific railway for the recovery of

rich oil lands in southern California. The

oliicials of the road secured patents for

this land under the pretence- of its being

for agricultural purposes when they were

privately informed that rich oil fields

were included in the property secured by

the patents. The land is valued at many

millions of dollars.



An effort is to be made in Washington

by representatives of the United States

and Canada to adjust disputed questions

coi'iccrning iisherics in the waters be-

tween the two countries.



Fire at Nadeau, Mich., destroyed about

20.000.000 feet of timber. The loss is es—

timated at $35,000.



The American baseball organization is

in a dilemma. Tyrus Cobb, the star

player of the Detroit team, was suspend-

cd after a game in New York where he

assaulted a spectator because of the lat-

tcr‘s persistent activity in shouting in—

sulting rcmarks at Mr. Cobb.~Upon learn-

ing the facts the entire regular Detroit

team announced their determination not

to play another game until Mr. Cobb is

reinstated. Ban Johnson, the president

of the league, refused ‘to change his de-

('lsion so that on Saturday last Manager

Jennings of the Detroit Tigers, was com-

Ilt‘lletl to go outside for players to pre-

vent his liability to a fine for failure to

appear with u team when the game was

called at Philadelphia. The players are

working for cleaner base ball and the

public is in sympathy with them in this

cl'l‘ort. On Monday a temporary settle-

ment was made whereby the team goes

back to play without Mr. Cobb. An in—

vestigation into the demands of the

players will be made.



The republicans of North Carolina have

instructed their 23 delegates to work for

the nomination of Col. Roosevelt at the

rcpublican convention in Chicago.



The dc-moerats of Iowa have instructed

their 26 delegates to the national demo—

cratic convention to vote for Champ Clark

as nominee for President.



Foreign.



King ll‘rcdcrick VIII of Denmark, died

suddenly while walking in the streets of

Hamburg, Germany. on the morning of

May 1.3. lie was born June 3. 1843, at

Copenhagen, and succeeded his father,

King Christian IX, who died January- 29,

lthb'. Frederick VIII was married to

Princess Louise. daughter of King Carl

XV of Swrdcn and Norway. The dead

King's brothers and sisters are: AleXun-

dria. dowugcr Queen of Great Britain and

Ireland; (lcorgc 1, King of Hellenes; the

dowagcr Empress of Russia; the Duchess

of Cumbcrland, and Prince Waldemar.

Ills son, King Christian X, was proclaim—

cd King the afternoon of May 15. The

new rulcr is 42 years old. He was mar—

ried to l‘rinccss Alcxandrinc of Mecklen-

burg and has two sons.



Prince George \‘i'illiam, nephew of the

late King Frederick VIII of Denmark, and

his chumbcrlain, were killed in an auto

accident while on route to Copenhagen

to attcnd the funeral of his uncle.



There has been little excitement in

Mexico since the defeat of the. rebels un-

di-r General Orozco. The federals are un-

able to locate the rebel forces, which

leads to the belief that the latter have to

a considerable number, forsaked their

leader. It is further believed that, the

few rebels remaining will make trouble

along the frontier in order to provoke

American intervention, if possible. l'ni—

ted States troops are stationed along

the border to prevent such an outcome

by their presence.



In retaliation of the action by the Am-

crican congress abrogating the treaty of

1832 between this country and Russia, a

boycott is being prosecuted throughout

Russia against the sale of American agri—

cultural machinery. The government is

holding up shipments of these goods made

to Russian agricultural districts.



The president of France has submitted

to the ministerial council 3 draft of a

proposal for a system of international

wireless tevlcgraphy. ~



A collision on northern railway of

France resulted in 13 persons being killed

and 45 injured. A defective switch was

lhe cause of the accident.



A negro uprising in the districts of

Santa Clara, Sagua a Grandc and Cruces

provinces of Cuba caused the Cuban gov—

crnment to send out troops with machine

guns to quell the disturbance. Alleged

discrimination against the Negro in fran-

chise legislation is attributed to be the

direct cause of the trouble.



Experiments made at McGill Univer-

sity, Montreal, establishes the practica-

bility of the micro—thermometer, which

will indicate the presence of icebergs from

two to seven miles away. depending upon

the direction of the Wind.





 





You Spend two-thirds of your life 'in shoes.

Why not have them comfortable. pleasing in

appearance and serviceable?





ROUGE REX

Elkskin Shoes -





Are made of the hem. leather by skilled workmen

over modern, up—to-date lasts, insuring dura-

bility, comfort and satisfaction.





“Get Into a Pair and

See How They Wear"

The quality, style and m, of “ROUGE REX”





Elkskin Shoes make them the most, popular

summer footwear, for the man who works.





 

 





Ask ‘ynur dealer for “some: REX” Shoes,

made from lVolvcrine Leather Well put together.





HlRTH=KIRAUSE co.





Hide to Shoe Tanners and Shoe Manufacturers





GRAND RAPlDS MICHIGAN





PULL your. STUMPS





Add Money to its value with

the “AUMOND” Stump Puller.

Most Powerful Stump Puller Made.





One customer says: “I have pulled 2115 stumps

m a day and have made as high as $36.01) in





 





 





 





 





 





Add Land

to Your

Farm.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





one day.” Another says: “I pulled allll—inch

stump given up



by two 0 t h e r



/ (I pullers of di'ri'er—





‘ . ..: ent niak .”

.- I ., . u ,' :r “3?”; , e .

\i do“ . “Nij’A-IE. j Write tor‘finc

Wt, _ “3.: .i_ l‘ Illustrated (ata-

xia! (2%? log and prices.

1 fi/ . vi. ‘





\ .

4' 1’ ‘

’ '1 .1 erle today. A

hf: . 5‘ ljyr/ : \h l f

f- - V, a: ' l!

‘1. .J . .

" \il’r void!!-





post car-l brings

, ~

iriuvxt.ct."'-l





   





 

 

 





   

 

 





 





   





‘ ‘ _ you com-victe in-



Il'll'i‘iyi,\;"'flfilifial‘ldllhlll, . ’~ . ., ~i v illl‘llidtllolll Azi-



o“: u likilti‘Tfti'fUl-‘llli'l‘ 'L dress



THE AUMOND STUMP MACHINE COMPANY,

CEDAR SPRINGS. MICHIGAN.





lull gr. .h )1





 





2—).





. 'i '

lain l





a»! ..





 





 





The Old Silo Troubles Banished—no more

hooping. painting or repairing.





THE IMPERISHABLE SILO





is guaranteed. ‘It is made. of Patented Hollow Blocks of Vitrified

Clay. Storm-proof. ilcray-prol,>i', cxpcnsc—proof. The first cost is

the last. No more expensive to t‘l't'l‘l than a good stave silo and

beyond comparison in ellicicIn-y and durability.



Being moisture—proof. The, lnipcrishublc keeps your silage clean

and sweet up to the wall. Simple, to mnslrln-t. livery owner .

recommends The Iniperishablc. Its use is, an economy. Send

at once for free catalog.



NATIONAL FIRE PROOFING COMPANY

Ag rlou Mural Department A.

Huntington, Indiana.





 

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 





v3 2‘ ,

3:, .





 





 

 





 





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55s





   

   

   

 

 

   

 





 





 

 

 

 





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Fill Your Silo Cheaply





Many things cntcrinto the cost of filling your Silo. but

the most important one is your Silo Filler. A poor

machine means a high cost, and an





Appleton Quality Silo Filler





means the lowest cost. The positive feed table, the large

throat, big teed rolls, the tour spiral tool steel knives

\ and the powerful blower mean great capacity. The

solid Oak frame means strength. The single lever

control, . the handy side table, the flexible top dis-

tributer mean convenience. In fact, the whole

' _ machine means satisfaction, while our guarantee

that our 8110 Filler will, under equal conditions, do more and better work with less power

and will last longernneans absolute safety for you. More Silos will be built; and more en-

:gage legging ylleml gill!) eg‘er before. We thavle already sold more Silo Fillers this year

an we I in a 0 . o insure promp e iver on should arr n for

at. once. Write to-dhy for tree illustrated booklet. y y a ge a machine

APPLETON MANUFACTURING COMPANY. 420 Fargo Street. Butaviu. lll.





   

   

 

   

   

   

   

 

 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 





 

   

   

 

   

 

 

 

 

 





THE FARMERS’ CEMENT TILE MACHINE





Makes tile 3 to 8 inches in diam., 12% inches long. One man or be 0 erateq i

or power. 500 tile per day by hand, 1,200 by power. Tile thoroughlyrp cured btybbgge‘fi

process. No tampmg or use of pallets. This machine and tile used by Experiment Sta.-

tions of Agricultural Colleges and the U. S. Dept. of Agriculture. 5.000 farmers have

doubled the yield of land by underdrainage, and saved 75% of cost by using our Machine.

You can do the same. Save cogt of hauling and breaking. Make perfect

tile $3 to $5 gr t ousand. MACHINE SOLD DIRECT FROM FACTORY I.



Box 307 . ST. JOHNS. MICH-





T . ’ *



caddie? T211.935.5§.E§.lfi'taefifi“£ assessors:

Please mention the Michigan Farmer when you

are writing to advertisers and you will do us a favor.





.‘

“A!

‘ 'Ie.





   

 





levels and get grades. make and lay your tile at low cost.

FARMERE’ CEMENT TILE MACHINE 00.. .





 





 





 





\
I healthy mil to grow in.





cramps the roots.





It is easily handled.





22H





mAEl’NA

_ more (a





, PLANT YOUR TREE





- ETNA DYNAMITE





AETNA DYNAMITE loosens the earth

for several yards around the hole and gives the tree





‘ roots a chance to breathe, develop and spread in a lzealtfiy way. It

also burns up the earth’s impurities and gives your trees a perfectly





trees planted in this way will yield quicker and much greater



I results than if planted by the old spade method, which crowds and



I If ou have any doubt on the subject write, to any



school of agriculture, armers’ institute or reliable farm paper.



I Every prosperous and up-to-date farmer 1n Arm. -



I ica is usmg Aetna Dynamite for tree planting, ditch and drain



digging, for the removal of stones, boulders and obstructive hills and ‘



the destruction of stumps on cut-over ground. AETNA DYNAMITE . l:



is putting the stump-puller out of business and saving countless thou-



sands of dollars, as well as a tremendous amount of time and labor. “I

I





Progressive farmers all over America are writing

us every day that AETNA DYNAMITE is the greatest agent (i





for economy and efficiency on the farm that the world has ever created.

Just a reasonable amount of care eliminates the





element of danger. And you will find. when you start to use it, that you will do

without many horses and men that you are now compelled to use and pay for.





Write today for our descriptive booklets (FREE) which

explain the many uses of AETNA DYNAMITE and show how

expense can be turned into profit. Every farmer in the world is deeply

interested. Write while you think of it.





The Aetna Powder Co. I





General Offices, Tribune Bldg., Chicago, III.





For Qulck Attention Addreee Dept. E.





/

I

I

Every progressive agriculturist will tell you that {g





 

 





   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 





 

 





lv-A’





A postcard is sufficient.





   





   





   

   

 

 





 





 





 

 





r attached

ump

9 engine)





ii





This shows the Eclipse Pum

to an ordinary windmil

(The pump is not included with





 





$50





Over 1,000 Gallons of Water

Pumped With 1 Pint of Gasoline





That’s what you can secure with the Eclipse Pumper. This

reliable little pumping engine will pump from 200 to 4,000

gallons of water per hour—depending on type and size of pump

and lift—and do it on [pint of gala/inc.





Fairbanks-Morse Eclipse Pumper





frees you from the labor of pumping by hand and makes you

independent of wind or weather.

attached to any windmill pump without special attachments.





OO—plus the freight from factory.

O





 





gine costs you; an engine that makes possible a

modern waterworks system and all its conven-

lences- Write for Descriptive Pamphlet No. MD 601





Fairbanks, Morse & Co.

Chicago Detroit I





The Eclipse Pumper can be





Beloit,Wis.——is all this abso-

lutely guaranteed pumping en-





 





 





 

 

 





uni PRESSES





THE (DRIGINAL MT. GILEAD HY.

DRAULIO PRESS produces more cider .

from less apples than any other and is a.





BIG MONEY MAKER

Sizes 10 to 400 barrels dally, hand

or power. Presses for all pur-

poses. also cider evaporators,

apple-butter cookers, vine-



ar generators, etc. Cata-

og free. We are manufac- '

turers. not jobbers.

HYDRAULIC PRESS MFG. CO. ,



(Oldest and largest manufacturers of older



presses in the world.)





131 Lincoln Avenue.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





Use the sprayer that does the mos

work most. thoroughly at the lowest cost.





Brown’s Auto Spray





No. 1 fitted with uto Pop Nozzle—mos

powerful and efficient hand outfit. Ca.-

ooity 4 aliens. For large spra ers—

Brown‘s onvclog Atomic Spray. rite

for low prices and Free Spraying Guide. ,

The I. C. Brown (‘0. . 22 In 1 8t. , Rochester. N. Y. J





 





 





Please mention the Michigan Farmer when

you are writing to advertisers.





BEE SUPPLIES AND BERRY BASKETS





Bee hives, Sections. Foundation, Smokers etc. Send for 64-page

catalog of bee supplies, BERRY BASKETS and CRATES.

.Send for special Berry Basket catalog.



M. H. HUNT 8- SON, 400 Condlt $1., LANSING, MIOH.





/





,

c _ .\ 'gtj 3





       





‘_.





 





You Ban’tBuy Ground Phosphate





from us unless we are sure that the character of

your soil is such that it will pay you to use it.





We are not Philanthropists





but. common honesty and a regard for the

future of the Ground Phosphate Business has

caused us to secure all the available data in regard

to the soil of your section. These same reasons

have caused us to sell you a. phosphate a. little

better than any one else can offer.



We use the best material and grind it finer

than any other Ground Phosphate manufacturer.

95% through 100 mesh screen.



80% through 260 meeh ecreen.



Write us for this information and prices.





FEDERAL CH EMICAL CO. ,





Ground Rock Dept.. Columbia. Tennessee.





 





 





The Berlin Quart Our Specialty





A WWnckege Which insures

' host prices for your fruit.

rile for 1912 catalog show-

ing our complete line, and secure

your BASKETS, CRATES. etc. at

WINTER DISCOUNTS.

1b BEIL. FIIIIIT BOX 00..

”Wmflhle





 





 

 





 





   





Antwan. f





:21 15“ r:





 





vvvvvvvvv‘vvvvvvvvaVVV—V





‘ HORTICULTUREl





AAAAAAAAAAAA AAA AALAAAA





EXPERIENCE WITH CUTWORMS IN

YOUNG ORCHARDS.





 





 





 





 





Old fruit growers know of the damage

cutworms do to young trees and to fruit

buds on bearing trees, but for the benefit

of growers not acquainted with the hub-

its of these pests and successful methods

of combating them, I write the following:





The same cutworm that destroys the

garden and the young field corn is also

a tree climber. It goes up the young tree.

and eats out the new growth down to the

solid wood. The, inexperienced grower

sees nothing of it. as the damage is most

alw‘ays done during the night. The- next

night he goes up again and eats out what

grew during the day. If the- weather is

cool for a. time he remains in the ground,

only to go up again on a warm night ‘and

renew his work. During cool nights a

few buds may grow to be a little more

woody than others and these are left for

the more tender ones, in which case the

tree may be able to complete the growth

of one or two branches, but it is ill shap-

en. In case of continuous warm weather

many of the trees will be completely

smothered. '



To detect their work the grower should

inspect the young trees every day, and if

the bud where the new growth should

start shows a fresh cut, about one-eighth

of an inch deep this is sufficient evidence

that the worms are at work. Then to

prove their presence scratch lightly in the

soil around the tree for a foot or two and

he will be found. A good tool for this

lllll‘DOSG, if one is desired, is to make a

little hand bake by driving nails an inch

apart through a stick about five or six

inches long and nail on a little handle.

1 have known them to be gathered by the

quart in this way.



\\'e have tried keeping them down with

tins and papers, applied in various ways.

but upon going out on a warm night, with

a lantern We found them climbing over

the obstruction and working as though

thvrc was no hindrance there. “'c also

tried cotton lJllltlllg wrapped around the

trunk of the tree, and found them above

that also, and watched them to see how

it was done, and found them simply

crawled up over it. \‘Ve then noted their

mcthOd of climbing was to proceed one

(ml at a time, (which is no new discov—

ery). So we tore off a strip of cotton about

three inches Wide and wrapped it twice

around the tree trunk and tied it near

the top with twine. Then, with the

fingers we expanded the lower portion a

very little to form a bell, or inverted fun—

nel shape. “’6 then placed about half

a dozen .lf Elle worms at the base of the

tree and sat down to watch results. (They

pay no attention to the light of a lantern).

In a few minutes they started up the

tree. The first attempt was to go under

the cotton next the tree and press

through. TC-pon failure in llliS they backed

up and tried to climb over, and here also

they failed as the cotton was so loose, or

fluffy at the lower edge that it would

spring down when they attempted to pull

themselves over, so we thought we had

them cornered. Finally one got hold of

the loose end of the twine and climbed up

over on that. “'9 cut the string near the

knot and our success was complete.



The following is worthy of attention:

The cotton should be thick, and lap over

enough so they can’t press through it.

Don’t cut it in strips as this leaves :1

compressed edge, but fear it off so the

lower edge will be loose and fluffy, so they

can’t pull themselves up over it. Cut the

twine short. Be sure the cotton is not

stringy or they will climb over the coarse

portions. Have it high enough from the

ground so the rain will not beat sand into

it as the sand and water make it a little

more solid. Don't let it extend more than

about two or two and a half inches bclow

the string or the wind will loosen it and

the birds will carry it away for nests. See

that no broken limbs or dead wccds rmch

from the ground to the trer- above the

cotton or the worms will go up till them.



Cutworms will go to the very inn of a.

bearing tree, cat a small hole into the

side of a blossom bud. just bcfore it

opens, eat out the little peach and then

go to another bud, and So on, and the

blossom will open as though nothing had

happened, but the fruit is gone. They

seldom stop at the lower buds. I knew

a four-year-old peach orchard of three or

four acres on light sand, to be killed in

one season by cutworms eating out all

the buds and keeping them back.





 





I have never tried poisoned bran but





intend. to, this season, as I see it highly

recommended for com, I

Cotton should-be cut off the trees as

soon as the cutworm season is over as the

growing tree will expand into the string

and girdle it, or nearly so, the first season.

The above facts are the result of 25

years observation. _Orchards on heavy

soil are not troubled with cutworms.

Allegan Co. H. H. HUTCHINS.





 





BEANS AS A GARDEN VEGETABLE.





If a farmer has plenty of time to spend

in caring for a garden there are plenty

of things he can raise. Most farmers,

though, are short on time and even when

they do make a brave start in the spring

and plant a variety of vegetables they are

seldom able to give them the needed care

during the growing season. The result

is that the garden has a ragged appear-

ance and does not reflect any credit upon

what may be an otherwise well kept

farm.



There are many vegetables, however,

that may be raised with very little hand

labor and beans belong to that class. As

they are planted in hills there is no

hand weeding and the rows should be far

enough apart to allow using a horse cul-

tivator. ‘



It will hardly pay to grow navy or pea.

beans. in the garden as they can always

be purchased if they are not grown on

the farm as a regular crop. That is not

the case with wax or lima beans, they

are used fresh and to raise them is the

only way to have them.



There are sgvcral good varieties of wax

beans. Golden Wax being a first-rate va—

riety for the home garden. Two or three

quarts of seed will supply green beans for

a large family. The ripening of seed

stops further blossoming so if it is im-

possible to use all of the pods as they

become fit it is a good plan to abandon

one—half of the patch and to keep the

other half well picked. In this way the

piece that is kept picked clean will con-

tinue to put out new blossoms and form

pods as long as weather conditions are

favorable. .Another scheme is to make

two or three small plantings instead of

one large one, and if the first seed is

planted as soon as the ground warms up

nicely they will come into hearing about

the time when some of the earlier vege-

tables, such as lettuce and radishes, have

passed their prime. ..



Considering how easily lima beans may

be grown and what a fine vegetable they

are it is surprising how few gardens con-

tain them. Cooked in the same way,

most people like them as well as green

peas. Besides being easier to care for

than peas they are fit to use over a.

lenger period of time.



There are both pole and bush varieties,

the former yield better and i1 is claimed

that the beans are larger but for the

homo garden the bush form is the most

desirable, simply because there is much

less work attached to caring for it.



Henderson’s Bush Lima is a dwarf

bush bean and may be safely planted as

early as the wax beans. They come into

bearing early but the beans are only me-

dium in size, making them slower to pick

and shell than the large varieties. The

quality. however, is good.



Burpec’s Rush Lima is a bush form of

the large pole lima and bears large pods

which contain large beans of very fine

quality. They will not stand adverse

conditions as wcll as the Dwarfs so

should be planted from a week to ten

days later.



A good clay loam furnishes about the

best conditions. The ground should be

worked till the top soil is fine and mel—

low. Mark the rows from two and onc—

half to three feet apart and plant the

wax beans and dwarf limas in hills about

two feet apart in the row. For these a

common hand corn planter does the work

satisfactorily. Set the guage so that it

will drop from two to three seeds in a

hill. The large llmas have to be planted

by hand. l'lace the seed about one feet

apart in the row with the “eye,” or seed

war, down and then cover lightly with

a. hoe.



'With limas the flavor is finest when the

beans are- still green in color when piclv

cd. To determine whether a pod is fit to

pick press the blow end between your

thumb and forefinger. If it feels spongy

the beans are full grown, if it is hard

there is yet material in the pod to be ab—

sorbed by the beans and they may be

not more than half grown. When the

pods are yellow the beans have passed

their prime as a green vegetable.



All wax and lima beans which are al-

lowed to ripen make a very good dry

vegetable- to be used in the winter.



Wayne Co. W. Pos'rmr.





‘ MAY :25, 19192.





   

 





 





 

 





 





 





 





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- Qte‘“%~o a... war





_.... ”Mi." .4. 4L“ __ , T"





W4».-.¢._,\‘.—w





 





 





 





i' m





 





KAAL





Our Motto—“The farmer is of more





consequence than the farm, and should be

first improved.”





 





 





 





THE JUNE PROGRAMS.





State Lecturer’a Suggestions for First

Meeting.



Songs loved by children.



Distribution of his products—the farm-

er's great question.



Solo.



What would you do to improve your

home. 1. With $5? 2. With $25? 3. With

$100?



Music by orchestra or band.



Some efforts that are being made to

improve the human family, a paper._



Fancy drills. motion songs, recitations,

etc, by children.



Refreshments, served with children as

the special guests of honer.





 





THE FARMER'S BIGGEST PROBLEM.



The State Lecturer announces, as lead-

ing topic for the first June meeting, the

distribution (or marketing) of farm pro—

ducts. It is hoped that members gener-

ally appreciate the fact that this is to—

day regarded the most difficult question

confronting the farmer, and one which

vitally affects the consumer, hence is

worthy of most careful study and dis-

cussion. ‘



Speaking of the supreme importance of

judicious marketing, State Master Keg-

ley. of Oregon, recently sail: What gain

will it be to the farmer to make two

blades of grass to grow where only one

grew before if the profit of the extra

blade is to go to someone else? What

gains it to him to produce abundant

crops and then find that he can receive

for himself only 41 per cent of the price

the consumer has to pay? Not until the

farmer has discovered and stopped the

leak in his profits in that other 5.0 per

cent of consumer's cost can the problems

of production occupy the farmer’s chief

concern. and the first duty of those who

are elected to lead in the Grange- organi-

zations, or who assume L0 speak for the

farmer, is to see that no mistake is made

in this respect.



The mission of the Grange is to make

glad-the- heart of the rural people; to

bring the farmer to a ‘full realization of

his sovereign citizenship; to make of him,

indeed. a country gentleman, the farm

home the ideal home, and the farm dis-

trict the ideal social center.



The farmer can never become the inde-

pendent. prosperous, liberty-loving, edu-

cated, kindly country gentleman that he

ought to be if he is continually,robbcd of

the profits of the larger part of his pro-

duce, and unless he succeeds in stopping

the leak he is doomed to remain poor: or

if he becomes rich, as riches are counted

among farmers, it is at the sacrifice of

much that makes life worth living.



Farm life will indeed become, ideal

when the farm families have all the prof-

its of the farm for themselves. With

means and the leisure for social inter-

course. study and travel. refinement will

come quickly, and the beautifying of the

home and the achievement of all that the

higher education stands for will follow as

a. matter of course.





RAISINVILLE GRANGE.





(This original poem constituted a part

of a contest program in which the mar—

ried members of Raisinville Grange, of

Monroe county, defeated the unmarried

ones by a good score. The author of the

production is Mrs. L. J. Smutz, an ener-

getic, capable member of this live and

well equipped Grange. Many readers will

recall that the State Lecturer has report-

ed several visits to this Grange in recent

years, finding it a most enterprising or-

ganization of more than 300 members).





j.aisinvil/le Grange, number four hundred

ten,



Enrolls as its members, both women and

men. .



From near and from far they come with

a will,





Good weather and bad, the new hall to

fill.





The young men and maidens are hand—

some and true;



They’re wholesome and good-of the type

called “true blue."



And many a song, and a poem, and play



They render in programs at close of the

day.





The farmers and wives are happy and





30 Y.

\Vho deem it a sin to be melancholy.

These folks are too busy to mischief to





turn.

The pleasures the idle are seeking they

spurn.





But enter the door when a meeting‘s in

om





And see for yourself if the humble re-

corder





   





v - i ">



’t'.’ b a u

315‘” 4‘s. , M

'lw is .





 





Too highly" sings prairie ‘of the patrons, in

rhyme! '





' Please view the officers, one at a time.





The master, so worthy, to order has

called



The meeting of patrons. He’s duly in-

stalled



To serve the third year in this difficult

role.





Which shows with what kindness and tact

he'll control.





Yes, Mr. Fred Kinsting, we're all of one

mind, '



1S able and tactful, true hearted and kind.



So all must be ready whene’er he may

speak



To help him the good of the order to seek.





Overseer, so dread, makes the timid ones

shake



When, by chance, they are called salu-

tation to make.



Being late is no fun when it. makes the

heart liutter



To stand ’fore the desk and perform in

a splutter.





However, we pardon his mirth at our

panic.



For, if he does rule with a scepter ty-

rannic, .



\Vill Cominess serves well, the office of

trust



And seeks, while he serves, that his rule

may be just.





Your heart would be warmed could you

chance but to see



Bro. Cominess ready to enter, with glee,



The pie—eating contest. He's certain to

gain



A prize eating pies—both fancy and plain.





The lady who sits in the lecturer’s place,

Performing her duties with wisdom and





grace,



Preparing all programs, and giving her

time



\‘i'ith a spirit so Willing, is Mrs. Will

Cline.





\Ve’ve money to guard, of silver and gold.



This position of trust we most jealously

hold.



A man of high honor, by days and by

nights.



Is our worthy treasurer, Mr. M. Seitz.





Mr. Dave \Vcilnau, with accurate pen,



Writes up the record to Show to all men.



Letters he writes, receipts and all such.



For business transactions he “just beats

the Dutch."





That gentleman there, who is lacking in

hair,



Who‘s fat and good-natured with never

a care, .



is our worthy chaplain, the third time

installed,



Whose heart is all right, if he is a. bit

bald.





You never would think that a preacher





could be



So happy and jolly, warm—hearted. care-

free,



As our Mr. Gcrweck, and when he says

grace



Vt'e all feel alike—he's the man for the

place.





Those maidens so fair, with fresh youth-



ful faces,



occupy



Graces,



Are Misses \Veilnau, Wright, and Seitz,

whom you see



_\.s Ceres, Pomona and Flora—Abe Three.





That places reserved for The





“Our steward’s a young man ‘of color?’ "

0, no!



But acting as minstrel he isn't so slow.



Olive and Anson are certainly Seitz!



\l'hen singing and dancing behind the

footlights.





\‘l'ith hook and with crook, the-y march

down the aisles.



Steward's assistants, listen with smiles,



\Yhile] each of the patrons recites very

ow



The words that each member’s expected

to know.





Miss Martha Opferman bridles with care



The goat of the order, when candidates

fair.



Ride the wild animal into our ranks



And hold on so grimly in spite of his

pranks.





Mr. Lee Gerweck with red tape adorns,

\l'hen serving the order. his gay goat-

ship‘s horns.

Look at the mad ride!



tight

You never would guess how they tremble

with fright.





The men cling so





No! Mr.

keys!



Keep from our midst those who revel in

case.



\Vith Mr. Sauerwein protecting the flock,



Never will enemy break through the lock!





Gatekeeper! Guard well the





Our officers, worthy, we’ve viewed one

by one.



And now we must close, for the program's

begun.



Stay ’till the end! Come again, patrons,

all





.Ever you’re welcome to Raisinvillc Hall.





 





COMING EVENTS.





 





Pomona Meetings.





Kent 00., with Evans Grange, Wednes-

day, June 5.



Lenawee 00., with Madison Grange,

Thursday June 6. Grand rally of south-

ern Michigan Granges.



Grand Traverse Co.. with Grant Cemter

Grange. in Grant tOWn hall, Wednesday

and Thursday, June 5 and 6. Summer

meeting with program in charge of county

commissioner of schools.





 





. THE :* Ml mean mamas.





1W





turns" own}





Associational Motto.— ,

The skillful hand, with cultured mind,

is the farmer's most valuable asset.





.__...._.~____._._.__





Associational Sentiment.—

The farmer, he garners from the soil

the primal wealth of nations.





 





 





SPECIAL FEATURE MEETINGS FOR

THE SUMMER.





 





As years go by the special feature work

carried on in the Farmers’ Clubs is as—

suming a more prominent place in the

program of many Clubs. Particularly is

this true of mid-summer picnics and the

Club fair, which two special feature

events have gained a permanent place in

the yearly programs of many Clubs. The

picnic. meeting is a feature which re—

quires little in the way of special prepa-

ration or work, which is an advantage

during the heated summer season. But

it is not too early to begin making plans

for this event which may be made the

occasion of interesting many people Who

are outside any Club organization in the

possibilities and bcnelits of affiliation with

some Farmers Club.



The Club fair is an event which re-

quires more in the way of preparatory

work, and already many Clubs in the

state arc making preparations for their

annual flir of 1912, two such being re-

ported in the Club Discussions column of

this issue. One. of these Clubs reports

a novel special feature in a recent meet—

ing in a garden secll exchange. the propu-

ccy being made that the results of this

feature will bl- seen at the coming fair

which will be held in October. The spec—

1211 feature meetings may be- made to

serve a valuable purpose in the way of

advertising for the Club, as well as in in-

icrcstlng its members in the organization

and its work, and they should be given

publicity as soon as plans are completed

for them, in order that other Clubs may

be inspired with the. possibilities of and

advantages in special feature work of a

similar nature.



For this reason we desire to urge that

corresponding secretaries‘of local Clubs

will send incliccs to the llfichigan Farmer

for publication in this department, re-

garding any special feature meetings

which may be contemplated in the sum-

mer season.





 





 





CLUB DISCUSSIONS.





 





Do Women Want the Ballot?—At the

April meeting of the Napoleon Farmers'

Club, of Jackson county. Mrs. B. it.

’i‘racy opened the subject, “Do the wom-

en of Michigan want the ballot?" In

speaking on this subject. she said in

part: "Contempoi'uncous with the better

education of women was the movement

in favor of woman suffrage. It actively

began in England in 1867 and in the Uni-

ted States in 1869, but it was nearly 30

years later before it took on a national

importance in either country. In six

states, Wyoming, Colorado, Utah, Idaho,

\Vashington and California, women now

have the full elective franchise. But the

higher and more vital interests of so-

ciety are in the keeping of the wives of

America, not as property owners, busi-

ness women. or units of industry, but as

makers and preservcrs of homes, as in-

telligent and devoted mothers, as inspir—

ers and prescrvcrs of social, moral and

religious ideals. The wives should have

their fullest legal rights, but it is in the

exercise of their peculiar privileges and

duties that they render the largest ser-

vice and attain an abiding influence. Un-

doubtedly the liquor interests fear the

intrusion of women into politics, yet their

fear may be unjustified as woman suf-

frage has not thus far imposed prohibition

in any state. If I ever went to vote it

would be to vote against liquor. I would

cast a ballot against that every time, as

would a great many women, but a great

many women would vote for it. I be-

lieve GDd created woman for another pur-

pose. She is to be the helpmate and the

homemaker, rear the children to be hon-

est, upright, p.1re men and women. “'hat

woman can ask for a better monument,

than her children, who make the world

better for their having lived and worked

in it. Personally, I say that the women of

Michigan do not want the ballot." In

closmg she quoted from several noted

women who are opposed to the move-

ment. The discussion was opened by

Mrs. Minnie Greenwood, who said in

part: “I am in favor of woman suffrage.

I can see no reason why a woman has

not as good a right to vote as a man. I

have no fears of the degradation of wom-

an by the ballot. I believe rather that it

Will elevate men. I believe that the tone

of our politics will be higher; that our

caucuses will be more jealously guarded,

and our conventions more orderly and

decorous. I believe that the polls will be

freed from the vulgarity and coarseness

which now too often surround them. I

believe the character of the candidates

Will be more closely scrutinized and that

better ofl'icers will be chosen. I think

her influence will help to put down the

saloon~ and gaming houses, and taxes

might be diverted to purposes of general





 





(13) 605

sanitation and higher education. Women

have exercised the highest civil powers

in all ages of the world without detract—

ing from their graces as’women‘or their

virtues as mothers. May God speed the

time when the women of Michigan shall

have the ballot." A lively discussion fol-

lowed, many good points being given on

both sides.



Discuss Dairy vs. Dual Purpose Cattle.

—The Salem ll‘armers' Club held its April

meeting at the pleasant home of Mr. and

Mrs. Wm. Tate. After the bountiful din-

ner was duly discussed. we were all glad

to greet President Thompson again after

his illness. Excellent solos were given by

Miss Golden Tate and Miss Lyke. A

select reading on “The best thing to

build," by Mrs, l'ldwin Smith, brought to

our minds the, inestimable value of char-

acter building and better education for

our children. A humorous reading by

Mrs. G, H. Thompson, entitled, “Uncle

(‘hntlcrton's Gingerbread.” was very en—

joyable. A recitation was given by Miss

Ruth Ross, entitled, “Tho (Yer Neat

Housewife." which appealed to the gen~

tlemen present. Edwin Smith read a pa~

per on “The Dairy Herd," preferring the

strictly dairy cow to the dual purpose

animal, The paper was followed by Mr.

Bolgoss, who had directly opposite opiu~

ions on the subject. Club adjourned with

music, to meet with Mr. and Mrs. Wm.

.iiamilton' for the May meeting.



Discuss Practical Farm Problems.—The

May meeting of the. Vl'ixom ll‘armers’

Club was entertained by Mr. and Mrs.

Frank Burch at their pleasant farm home.

A goodly number were present. After :1

bountiful dinner and a pleasant sociil

hour, the program was taken up. which

consisted of vocal and instrumental mus-

ic and recitalions. Ammig the questions.

the one on treating potatoes for scab and

outs for small were freely discussed by

different members. The opinion this about

equal. One member said he had a neigh-

bor who treated his oats for smut and

he was the only one in the neighborhood

who had smut in the grain. Several oth—

er questions were given but the one that

provoked quite a discussion was the trust

problem, which took the rest of our time.

—Mrs. R. D. Stephens, Cor. Scc.





Will Hold Club Fain—The Troy Farm—

ers’ Club was entertained by Mr. and

Mrs. \I\'. II Hill and Mr. and Mrs. Frank

Beaten, of Royal Oak, in their spacious

and beautiful homes, which were just

completed, on May President John

Snook called the meeting to order at the

home of hIl'. and IVII‘S. Hill, and ROY.

(.‘ross, from Detroit, offered prayer. toll

call was responded to by members telling

how their favorite pie or cake was made.

Many good recipes were given by the

ladies while some exciting laughter was

given by the gentlemen. It was decided

to hold a Club fair on the 53th of October

in some central place in the township at

which the ladies are to enter fancy work,

cookery and canned fruit and the gentle-

men produce from the farm. Mrs. Hall,

of Detroit, sang a solo and respond to

an encore. Hildreth Cross gave two ' n.d-'”

ings in a very pleasing manner. Professor

Vclker was then introduced and gave a,

short address. Mrs. Bond read :1 well

prepared paper on “Conservation of hu«

man force." “Should a woman have an

allowulice and if so. how much?” was

opened for discussiOn by Mr. Hill and Mr.

Abbott and Mrs, \V. Davenport, the gen—

tlemen taking the affirmative and Mrs.

Davenport the negative. Others followed

with their opinion and the majority seem—

ed to think there should be but one pock-

etbook in any well regulated family. In~

strumental music by Miss Knowell. “The

waste of lime and land,” was discussed

by Mr. E. A. Starr. An interesting

question box was conducted by Miss Her-

bison. Mr. and Mrs. Le Roy joined the

Club. Club then adjourned to the home

of Mr and Mrs. Benton where an excel—

lent supper was served. The Club will

meet in June at the home of Mr. and

Mrs. ““111. Davenport.





A Garden Seed Exchange.-—The “Irish--

inglon Center Farmcrs' Club met May 0

with Mr, and Mrs. George Hill, at 1:30

p. m. President Frank Cook called to

order promptly on time. After music and

roll call, which was responded to by ham.

ing a state, its capitol and largest city,

Mrs. O J. Campbell read a paper on

"Making the farm garden profitable."

Mrs. Hill read a selection and Miss Birdie

Currcn gave a rm'itaiion. “Should the

bible be read in the public schools?" was

the subject of talk by Mrs. \V, C. Long.

Mr. French also spoke on this topic, re—

calling the custom of reading the bible in

the schools of “Old New Hampshire," in

his boyhood days. This topic was well

discussed and resolutions to the effect

that this Club is in favor of having the

bible read in the schools were- passed.

This Club also had the pleasure of hear—

ing a most excellent paper on “Prevention

of sickness,” by Dr. C. T. l‘ankhurst, and

the doctor’s advice, if carefully followed,

would certainly prevent much sickness.

A garden seed exchange was a feature of

this meeting. and the results will be seen

at the Club fair. After a very elaborate

supper served by the hostess. the meeting

adjourned to meet at “Shadelands,” June

13.—~Mrs O, J. Campbell, Cor. Sec.



Discuss Gad Question.—The Hartland

Farmers’ Club met at the. home of Mr.

and Mrs. Wm. “'ilson, May 4. Meeting

called to order by President H. W. Clark.

Following a song by Rev. Porter and wife

and prayer by Rev. Porter, several good

literary numbers following, including an

interesting paper by Mr. Dwight Parshall

on dairy business, from M. A. C. He

thought it the place for the parents to

see that their sons attended. Mr. J. Dev-

ereaux not being able to be present, the

question box was omitted and the time

was taken up with the road question, then

the meeting was adjourned to meet with

Mr. and Mrs. Wm. Kershner. The pres-

ident asked the Club to all adjourn to

Mr, Vl'ilson’s beautiful basement barn and

see eleven October calves, and they were

(Siertainly fine—Miss Mary E. Openo, Cor.

ec.
-m-I-...,1f...'.1,..





6061 (14)





"W’VW.





MARKETS





“AAAAMAA AAAAAAAA AAA





DETROIT WHOLESALE MARKETS.





 





May 22, 1912.

Grains and Seeds.





Wheat.~—Prices tumbled last Thursday

when 111ttvy stocks of wheat in Chicago

were thrown upon the market. On that

day the price for cash goods declined 41:

while July and September sagged 20.

There was little recovery of the loss un—

til Tuesday of this week when it appear-

ed tltat sellers had oversold and were

compelled to go into the market again to

get supplies. Crop news during the week

favored the bears. 111 all sections the

weather has developed the plant splen-

didly considering the condition it has been

in. The outlook in the spring wheat

states at present is very encouraging for

a good crop. There is a strong cash de—

mand for wheat and flour is having a

good sale. The world’s visible supply is

30,000,000 bushels greater than that of a

year ago. The visible supply in the Uni-

ted States showed a decrease of over

3,500,000 bushels for the week. The price

a year ago for No. 2 red wheat was 92c





per bu. Quotations are as follows:

No. 2 No. 1

Red. White. July. Sept

Thursday .1140; 1.125%, 1.15 1.14%

Friday ....... 1.141/3 1.1.21/2 1.14 113%

Saturday ..... 1.141111, 1.12% 1.1411,”, 1.13%

Monday ...... 1.14 1.12 13314 1.1234

’.l‘uesday ..... 1.15 1.13 1.141,; 1.1314.

\Vedncs-lay . 1.11‘11/2 1.14% 1.161,; 1.1531,,

Corn—Corn values declined in sym—





pathy with the dl'op in wheat quotations,

and also because weather conditions have

imptovcd prospects for the new crop. The

planting, l11«'1‘\(ve1, will be later than us-

11111 and the stcd c'oln question gives the

situation 11 111111e bullish tone than would

otherwise he the case; and lowa sent in

discouraging reports to the effect that

planted corn is rotting in the iields. The-

visible supply of corn is practically the

same as for a week ago. The, price paid

a year ago for No. 3 corn was 551: per





bu. Quotations are as follows:

No. 3 NO. 3

Corn. Yellow.

Thursday ................ 79 81 [/3

Friday .................... 781,4; 80'fo

Saturday ................. 77V; 80

l\l(1nd1ty ................... 771/3 80

'l‘uttsday .................. 771A; 80

\\'cdnesday ............... 781,2; 801,1;

Oats.vln this deal a decline corres—





ponding to that in corn and wheat was

reached the past Week. The stocks of

oats appear to be somewhat short of

those a year ago. The visible supply's

decrease amounts to a little over a half

million bushels. The market. revived on

Tuesday with the same bullish feeling

pervading that brightened the corn and

wheat markets. The price for standard





oats , a year ago was 3812 per bu. Quota-

tions} are as follows:

Standard. No.3



White.

Thursday ..... 59 581/2

Friday ................ . . . 58 57

Saturday ......... . ....... 57 50

Monday ................... 56 551/:

Tuesday .................. 56 551/2

\Vednesd'ty ............... 57 56 my,





863715.",th volume of trading in this

pr01lu1t is small. l“'11111s howcvzct dur—

ing the past \1 e1 k indicate a fair demand

present lig'stue ruling about 51- above

those of a week ago in both cash and

October deliveries. Outside market con-

ditions appear to correspond with those

of Detroit. Quotations are as follows:





Cash Oct.

Tl‘llursday ...... . ......... . $2.65 $2 25

.lt‘riday ................. . 2.65 2. 25

Saturday ........... . . . 2.71 2 25

Monday .................... 2.70 2. 25

Tuesday .................... 2. 70 2. 30

\Vedncstlay ............ .. 2. 70 2 .30





Clover Seed.~¥l‘his quarter of the mark-

at is lifeless and prices are merely nom—

inal. Cash and alsikc seed are steady





while October has declined. Quotations

are:

Cash. Oct. Alsike,

Thursday ........$12.50 $10.00 $11.50

Friday ........... 12.50 10.00 11.50

Saturday ........ 12.50 9.90 11 50

Monday .......... 12.50 9.110 1150

Tuesday ......... 12.50 9.110 11.50

\Vedncsdny ...... 12.00 10.00 11.50

Ryes A1111 'l‘tu-sday rye declined 11'. mak-

ing the prite 1111' 1" 1sh No. 2, 911' per hit.





Timothy Seed. —No change in the who

of this pr2'1dtl1t is 1'epor,ted 111in1e snot

being quottd at $6. 40 per bu



Flou1, Feed, PotatOes, Etc.





Flour. —-I’r ices are steady with last

week.

Straight ........................... . .$4.40

l’atcnt Michigan ..... . .............. 5.00

Second Patent ............ . ....... . . 4.75

Rye ............................. . . . . 5.20

Feed.—— All grades are steady. The





carlot prices on track are: Bran, $30 per

ton; coarse middlings, $30; fine middlings,

$32: cracked corn and coarse corn meal,

$3.5: coin 11.1111 oat 1110p, 32 per ton.



Hay and Straw.—1Straw is loWer, hay

steady. Quotations 11111: No. 1 timothy,

$276127. '10: No. 2 timothy, 8211612550; clo-

ve1. mixed, 82411312550: rye straw, $115061)

12: wheat and out straw, 810.5061111 per

ton.



Potatoes—There appears to have been

some potatoes in rescrvc for while last

week the markets all over the country

were showing strength at advanced

prices, the present week sees values low—

er and the feeling easier. The new crop

is affecting the deal in some sections while

in others the receipts 11f 1912 tubers are

so small as to go unnoticed. Quotations

for car lots 'on track are $1.05 per bushel

in bulk and $1.10 in sacks.





Provisions.-——Family pork, $20©21.50;

mess pork, $20; clear, backs, $20@22;





THE "iVI-chIGAN‘VcfiARMER; 4





picnic hams, 110; bacon, 14@16c; pure

lard in tierces, 11%0; kettle rendered lard

12%c per 1b

Dairy and Poultry Products.



Batten—increased butter receipts were

reported at New York, Chicago, Philadel-

phia, Minneapolis, Buffalo, Kansas City,

and other places last week. This weak-

ened the tone of the trade and prices

have generally declined over the country

from two to three cents per pound for

creamery goods, which is the margin of

decrease on the local markets. Dairy

offerings are steady. Quotations are:

Extra creamery, 271-; first creamery, 26c;

dairy, 22c; packing stock, 2011 per lb.



Eggs.—\Vith an active demand, espec-

ially in the better grades of stock. prices

for choice eggs have been maintained.

The markets of the ”country are com—

plaining of an unusual proportion of eggs

that must go in the inferioi grades. Cur—

tent receipts, case counted, cases includ—

ed, are quoted at 18c per dozen.



Poultry.——\\'ith but limited offerings and

a restricted demand. poultry trade rules

dull with prices steady at last week’s

figures. Quotations as follows: Live.—

Spring chickens, 1519611160; hens, 151/5

61'161'; turkeys, 16@18c; geese, 11601211;

ducks, 14c; young ducks, 15611160 per lb.



Veai.«—Veal is steady. Fancy, 10@110;

choice, 86090 per lb.

rices are off except for old

and limburger. Michigan, old, 22c; Mich-

igan. late made, 1/261119c; York state,

old, 2261.23c; do. new, 186111911; limburger,

21.611220; domestic Swiss, 21@22c; brick

cream, 18611181/3c per lb.



Fruits and Vegetables.





Hickory Nuts.—Shellbark, 2c per lb.



Honey'.—Choice to fancy comb, 15611160

per lb; amber, 12617130



Apples—Market easy





   





with prices





steady Baldwins are selling at $461}

4.50; Steele Red, $550616; Ben Davis, $3

6113.50.





OTHER MARKETS.





Grand Rapids.

l'lay sold at $206122 on the city market





Tuesday morning. Vegetables were as

follows: Potatoes, $1 20 11. 30; picplant,

401'; spinach, $1; onions, three bunchcs





for 251'; radishes, 15c; lettuce, 91' per lb.

[land—picked beans are quoted at $2.2

Dressed hogs are worth 81,15619c111ve

poultry is lower, with quotations as fol-

lows: Cl1ickcl1s,11c; turkeys,12 ducks,

101'; gc1s1, 8c. Broilers weighing 11,3 1.112

lbs. 1111' sc: 11'1e and bring 50C





Chicag.

\Vheats—No. 2 1e11,

181.13%; .luly. $108530





$1. 1311-3613114; IVIity





       





Corn—No. 3, 76611770; May, 797/5512; July,

74:11' per bu.



(lat... ' 2 white, 5314612548310; May.

5211c; July, 4801c pcr bu.





B11rley.»vMalting grades, $1.14@1.23 per

bu; feeding, 756118511.



flutter—\Vith receipts expanding the

trade failed to hold prices at last week’s





basis, the decline averaging :31- for both

creameries and dairy offerings. Quota—





tions: Creameries, 246127c; dairies, 22

6125(1 per lb.



Eggs~12uotationsz Firsts. grading 70

per cent fresh, 173560180; ordinary firsts,

166111211311 per dozen; at mark, cases in-

cludt-d. 171/211.



l'olatots—l'itceipts were increased by

3 cars this past week and values have





dropped fully 20c for all offerings. Situa—

tion weak at tht- lower figures. Michigan





and Minnesota stock now quote-11 at $1.05

1711.10 per bu; \\‘isr'onsin, $1611.10.



Be:.1ns.——1‘riccs improved and strongly

held at the new level. Trade active.

Quotations art l‘ca beans, choice- hand-

picked, 1128-61290 per bu; prime, $2.75;

red kidneys, $3.



Hay and Stratum—Timothy hay is low-

er. Other grades and straw rule steady

Timothy choice. $266127; No. 1, $25

6220; No. 2 and No. 1 mixed, 2. 506123 5.0;

No. 3 and No, 2 mixed. $18.. 1061322; clover,

819506123150: No. 2 and no grade. $12.50

6117.50: alfalfa, choice. 55235061124; N0. 1,

$226123; No. 2, $206121. Straw—Rye, $1261)

13; “heat, $96110 oat, $10. 506171].





‘ New York.





Butter.~'\\‘ith stocks accumulating but-

ter sellers have, been compelled to mark





values down. The decline amounts to

about 61' here. Creamery, extras, 2861)

281251'; firsts. 271,1; 6/ 27310 per lb,



lig‘gs.~~ Trade. about steady. Quotations

are: Fresh gathered extras, 22c; firsts,

storage packed, 206120113“ do, regularly

packed, 2061'201/gc; wc-stern gathered





whites, 2161221 per dozen.



Poultry .-l lrt ssed.— Irregular. \Vcstern

fowls, 1461151411; turkeys, 13612211 per lb.

Live—Steady. Chickens. broilers. 25611

30c: western fowls, 17c; turkeys, 12¢ per

pound.



Elgin.



Butter—Market firm at 270 per 1b.,

which is a declinc of So from the price of

the previous week.





Boston.



“fool—The strength of the market is

shown by the disposition of dealers to

refuse to consider offers for their holdings

that are not at the highest quoted prices.

lyi'anufacturers are having a wide demand

for goorls, which is compelling them to

go to the growers for raw material. How-

ever, buyers operating in the Wool grow-

ing states hesitate in many instances to

pay the price asked by the producers.

in Idaho last week 800,000 lbs. were pur—

chased at 19c. l‘nfavorable weather has

delayed shearing and also selling in the

southwestern part of the country. Dur—

ing the week 150,000 lbs. of Michigan,

fine unwashed changed hands at 19c. Me-

dium clips have been selling around 240

in the state, which would make the wool

cost in Boston from 286290. In Ohio





prices for the same grade of wools are

There is a light

grades,





reported at 22c per lb.





demand for the finer coarser





goods now having the preferenée., In

Londo , auctions show a stronger market

with rlces advancing.





.—





THE LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





Buffalo.





May 20, 1912.

(Special Report of Dunning & Stevens,

New York Central Stock Yards,

East Buffalo, New York).



Receipts of stock here today as follows:

Cattle, 160 cars; hogs, 110 double decks;

she1p and lambs, 55 double decks; calves,

2,250 head.



With 160 cars of cattle on our market

here, today, all the butcher grades from

1,200 lbs. down sold about steady with

last Monday, and heavy cattle, weighing

,200 lbs. and over, sold 1011 per cwt. low-

er, quality considered. There was some

of the finest cattle here today that has

been here in a long time.



“'1? quote: Best 1.400 to 1.600-lb. steers

$8.606c9.10; good prime 1,300 to 1.400-lb.

steers, 11382561850: do. 1.200 to 1,300-lb.

11.1., $775618 10 best 1,100 to 1,200—lb.

shipping stems, $7. 25617. 15; medium

butcher steers, 1,000 to 1, 100, 86. 506117. 20;

light 110.. $6606 .10 best fat cows, $57561)

6.40; fair to good do., $4.506’15.25 com-

mon to medium (10.. 83.756142.) trimmers,

$2.7561'325; best fat heifers, $6.506,t7.25;

good 1111., $550610; fair to good 110., $561)

5231;.sto1'k hei1ers, $4.25614.50; best feed—

ing steers, dehorne-d, $550616; common

fecding steers. $4.256t4.75; stockers, in-

ferior, 33.50631; prime export bulls, $6.75

6117.25: best butcher bulls. $66116.50;bolog-

na bails, 211450611550; stock bulls, $3. 756;)

5; best milkers and springcrs, $606v70;

fair to good (111., $406050.



The supply of hogs here today was lib-

cl'al~-~110 double decksrs-and with close

111 011,000 in Clot-ago, buyers had a little

bit the advantage, and bought hogs any-

where from 1061200 low er than Saturday‘s

average. Bulk selling at 81; few loads

of fancy at $8.05; yorkcrs $7.756o7.95;





lights, 18735611750; pig. generally Tc;

loughs, 7c: stags, 56,176. Trade closed

about steady, and (Verything sold that





alrchd in time for market.



The lamb market opened active today

on all kinds; most of the best lambs sell-

111g at $‘l.356r9.40; we sold one load of

111n1y at $0.30. About all sold; look for





about steady prices, with moderate re-

tozpts, the balance of the week. The

sheep market was actch, but prices





about 75c lower than last Monday. l’ros-

pct'ts stcady.



\‘y'c quote: Best lambs,

1'llll to common do, $6617; wethers, $661)

11.50; bucks, $3614.50; yearlings, $7.256!)

7.771; handy ewes, $561575;he1\y ewes,

$5615.25: cull sheep, 11261“ .50 veals, choice

to extra, $875609; fair to good (10., $6.50

618.50.





89.2563940;





Chicago.





May 20, 1912.

Cattle Hogs. Sheep.

Received today ...... 16,000 58, 000 17,000

Same day last year..2'-148 52,337 15,036





Received last week..31,262 141,981 79,227

Same week last ye'11r.52.3023 135,514 67,002





Another Monday of extremely meager

ca.tle receipts is here, demonstrating

clearly 111:1 only the scarcity of cattle in

let-ding districts, but also the confidence

of stock ieedcrs in higher prices later on.

Butcher stock of good grade had a fur-

t‘le: advance, and the, best beef steers

1nov1d 11p a dime or more, with several

car loads reported sold at $9.40, bttt the

less attractive. steers were no more than

steady [logs were in very good demand,

but thr- libcral receipts caused declines

of 10111151', light lots selling at $7.150J.'7.75

and 1h:- best heavy 101‘ at $7.85. The

hogs marketed last week averaged in

weight 23511115., compared with 227 lbs. 3.

Weck 111' her and 240 lbs. {1 year ago.

Sheep and lambs were mostly at steady

prices, but prime clipped lambs brought

$9. an advance of 10c, due. to meager of-

ferings 111' that class. Spring lambs re-

ceived averaged poorly in quality and

sold accordingly. '



Cattle receipts of late have been var-4

iable, reaching greatly excessive numbers

some weeks 2111.1 declining sharply, while

the following week would see such mea-

ger runs that values Would shoot upward

at a lively pace. The avetago stock feed-





er 11ll along has been V1"l) anxious to

get his holdings disposed of as ‘fast as





possible, and little clwonragement is re-

quired to hurry thc tatttle to market. the

great bulk being lots that average in

weight l11-low 1,200 lbs. \\'eck before last

the market suffered such severe breaks in

prices because of the liberal offerings

that 1111- receipts last week were cut to

unusually small numbers. and sellers

were in a position to obtain much higher

figures all along the line. evcrything shar-

ing in the upward movement, including





steers, cows and h1-ifcrs. and stockcrs

and fccdr-rs. Not until Thursday was





there any reaction. prices on that day

ruling a shade lower, following advances

of about 2561-1511 in the general r1111. The

great bulk of the steers sold during the

\\'('01{ at $7. 1061'9 with choice to fancy





heavy beeves selling at $9619.?. and the

commoner class of light stars at 86.1.1611

7.50. (1111111 steers with considerable





weight sold at $8.50 and upward. while

medium grade steers were purchascd at

$8 and over, with a fair class going at

$7.60 and upward. A fancy 1,540—lb. licre—

ford steer went at $9.50, and it was the

highest market seen at any time since the

apward movement started A 1:11'ger0pro-

portion of steers sold above $8.5 on

\Vednesdav th: 1r. on any previous 1111 v this

season, and cows and heifers had a free

outlet at $4.30fi8.15, canners selling at

$2 3' 6113. 45 cutters at $3.506I‘4.25 and bulls

at $3 90607.40. Stockers and feeders re-

covered much of their recent decline. and

this checked trading, stockers selling at

954.10613615 and feeders at $6606. 85 Calves

were bought at $3.52 .608 75 per 100 lbs,

and milkers and springers sold at $4063

80 each. .prime cows being scarce and

advancing.1 '



Hogs sell frequently well below the $8





MAY 25, 1912.





level for prime offerings, but they always

get there again, and last week they sold





above that figure, with a. good deal of





talk that the future will see higher val-

ues than have been touched yet. It





.\





seems to be a pretty well established fact-





that there is no over large supply of hot-{8

in the country, and as the spring pig

“crop" is not a big one, the prospects ap-

pear bright for the future market. East—

ern shippers continue to take very good

numbers of the best class of heavy bar-

rows, and this outside competition is of

great help in maintaining prices. The

lighter weights sell at quite a. discount,

strong weights topping the market daily,

and more heavy hogs could be used by

killtrs to advantage. Fresh pork contin-

ues to have a large consumption, largely

because of its much greater tcheapness

than other meats, and there is a fair de-

mand for cured meats, although their

dearness checks sales to a considerable

extent, llogs are selling at much higher

prices than at corresponding dates in

former years, 1910 excepted. l’rimet heavy

hogs sold last week up to $8.05, and de—

spite thc great gain in receipts over‘the

previous week, closing sales of hogs were

at $7.406p7.95, the top being 5c higher

than a week earlier.



Sheep and lambs were irregularly lower





last chk on account of greatly increased ‘





receipts, but the declines in prime lambs

were much less than in the large per—

centage of ordinary stock, much of the

gain in supplies consisting of poorly fat—

tcned consignments. Texas grass sheep

me now being marketed freely at Kansas

City, and many of them are re-shipped

from there consigned direct to Chicago

packers direct, while packers are receiv-

ing some Tennessee spring lambs already,

although not mtny are ready to come yet.

Not much wooled stock is now coming,

and such [locks are not wanted by kill-

ers, wooled sheep selling 25@{10c above

clipped and wooled lambs 506175c higher

than clipped. Fair numbers of spring

lambs have sold at $36,119.50 per 1.00 lbs.





for culls to prime, and clipped lambs sold





at $150618. 90, while other clipped lots

sold as follows: Yearlings, 86.2560740;

ewes. $26p5.65; bucks. 153.50.614.50. Prime

springs were about steady, while prime

clipped lambs were off 1061151'. Sheep

and ordinaly lambs suffered severe de-

clines.



Horses wcro marketed with fair free-

dom last week, and thcte was a good at—

tendance of buyers from various parts of

the country, the demand running mainly

on good business horses. More prime ex-.

1111 ncavy draltcrs than were. offered could

have been sold easily, but there were

more than 11101.11 l1 inferior, thin horses.

The poorer animals had to go as low as

598561100 per head, with less call for farm

workers at 35100611200, while chunks

weighing 1,250 to 1,450 lbs. were salable

at u115061200 light draftcrs found buy—

1rs at $17561225,1tnd heavier and choicer

ones w11e quotable at 51123060325, with a.

scarcity of horses quoted around $300





 





LIVE STOCK NOTES.





Charles 0. Robinson, of Chicago, widely

know'n to the live stock interests of the

c1'untry, made a long trip through Ne—

braska, Colorado, V\'yoming, Montana and

the two Dakotas recently, investigating

carefully range conditions. lie reports

setious losst-s of live, stock last winter

of both cattle and sheep, the winter be-

ing the wmst experienced since 1886. Es-

peci ially 31,1121t losses cf cattle and sheep

the suffered in central and northern

Wyoming. and similar conditions prevail—

ed in western and southern portions of

South Dakota. iig snow storms fell over

the range country frequently, so that. the

stock could not reach the grass, and in

several sectrons many horses succumbed.

Some sections lost half of their sheep,

111111 some htrds of cattle wele wholly de—

str0y1d. Montana sto1’l men did not lose

much stock as stocklncn in several other

regions, but for all that the winter was

a disastrous one 1111 re. From what could

be, learntd, only about 10 per cent loss

11;: 1s sutl1r1d in sheep in the northern and

western pottions of Montana, but in the

southeastern p111t losses of cattle and

sheep ran as high in places as about 25

per cent. At the Montana Cattle, Grow-

ers’ Association irlt-eting, held at Miles

City, Secretary ltaynu 11d of that organi—

zation told Mr. ltobinson that there would





probably be 40.000 fewer cattle sent to

market from 11111111111111 than last year.

Mr, ltolnnson found considtrable losses





in the eastern half of Colorado, and in

the northcrn and western parts of South





Dakota cattl1- losses were heavy, but In

North l'lakota cattle and sheep win—





tered fairly well, and the grass in

Notth lmltota has got a good start. Mr.

Robinson says: “The loss of cattle in

the nortlnvcst this season will create one

of thc hcavicst shortages of rangers at

south St. l'aul, Sioux City, South Oma—

ha. and (‘hicago that tiny have ever ex-

puitnmd. ‘l‘he drought 11‘ last summer

and the btd winter List has decimated

.1 1.11 '::1 1t many herds and some of the big

.1111 111111211 are pratti111lly out of the game

for the trescnt. last year the receipts

of range cattle at Chicago showed a.

shortage of 25 per cent from the previous

year. \Vith 40.000 head less to come from

Montana this coming season than last

year, along with the loss there and other

range states of last winter, it is easy 10

see that there will be an enormous de-

crease in shipments for the 1912 season.

Besides. most of the ranchmevn who are

in a position to hold their thrifty she

stcck will not market anything in that

line this season. From a market price

standpoint, the northwestern ranchmcn

anticipate a very prosperous time this

fall, Unless conditions are reversed, they

stand a good chance of having their hopes

come true. There is undoubtedly a big

shortage of cattle in the corn belt states,

and also in the eastern states, and range

cattle should be highly appreciated by

buyers this season.”





 





 





 





“Le...
.1"





.11.





G".





 





 





HAYiQE, 1913. 3”“ “ ‘-

7 . . r _

THIS is .1“: LAST IDI'HON. $4@v5; springlambs, $9.50@11; fair to good

. . sheep,'_:$4.25@4.75; culls and common,

In the first edition the Detroit Live 82.50608.

stock markets are reports of last week; Bishop, B. & H. sold Thompson Bros.‘

all other markets are right Up to date. 48 sheep av 80 at $5.50; to Sullivan P, Co.





 





Thursday’s Detroit Live Stock markets 109 do av 80 at $5.50, 145 lambs av 75 at





are given in the last edition. The first $8, 19 do av 60 at $7.50, 6 sheep av 110 at

edition is mailed Thursday, the last ed!- $4; to Newton B. Co. 84 lambs av 65 at

tion Friday morning. The first edition is $7.75; to Swift & Co. 440 do av 80 at

mailed to those who care more to get the $8.50: to Parker, w_ & Co. 3 sheep av 100

Paper early than they do for Thursdays at $5, 4 do av 90 at $3.75, 3 lambs av 70

Detroit Live Stock market report. You at $6.50; to Bray 233 lambs av 80 at

may have any edition desiredz . Subscrib--$g_25; to Young 45 mixed av 67 at $5.50;

ers may change from one edltlon to an- to Fitzpatrick Bros. 12 sheep av 120 at

other by dropping us acard to that effect. $450, 9 spring lambs av 57 at $11. 17

sheep av 70 at $2.50, 67 do av 100 at

$4.50; to Bossow 16 lambs av 55 at $5.50.



Spicer & R. sold Parker, W. & Co. 30

lambs av 60 at $6; to Newton B. Co. 6

spring lambs av 50 at $9.50; to Barlage 11



Cattle. do'av 67 at $4. 7



Receipts, 692. Market strong at Wed- Haley & M. sold Parker. VV. & Co. 530

ncsday's and last week’s prices on all 1181111ij {”6050 llt$6$gll 1:11 dho av 651%: $3.33.

grades; run light. 0 av 21' . ‘, s eep av 21 ,



\l’e quote: Extra dry-fed steers 1301(1)?) 28 sheep av 38 at 3305st av 80 at $5-

heifcvrs, $8@8.60; steers and heifers, , _ 0 . '



. ' " . o . ‘k 5’ hi her than

to 1,200, $7.25@7.75, do. 800 to 1,000, $0.50 ‘VRgcel‘lélS; 4 12119 ”chlgweltthgn list week

@750; do, that are fat, .130 go 70%d$3,.,0 P'e he: 333,111 9 .



s,.".fa>; o 0., lgsse'. ‘

llésodgozlgf cfgitnnig‘rl’ coats), €55,505”; caii- Range of prices:\ Mixed butchers, $7.55

hers, 92.255: 3; choice heavy bulls, $5.75@ @770; pigs, $6.50@6.60;rllght yorkers. $7

6; fair to good bolognas, bulls, $4.75@ (17.50; Stags one-third Off. d S &

5.25; stock bulls, $4@4.50; milkcrs, large, CBlsllzep’ 3253:) H. s$qll<ggfizélllsm§3 .180. at

infill‘és 122333251. age' $40500; common 373.00, 8073:11’ 170aét $7.55, 510 av 150 at

Lovewell sold Newton B. Co. 2 bulls av $7.50, 415 av 140 at $7.45. 251 av 140 at

700 at $5, 3 cows and heifers -av 866.3656. $7.30, 70 av 220 at $7.70” . P C 950

Lowenstein sold same _1 steer weighing 109 Com. Co. srold Su iv.in .rr (31.5 07v

1,140 at $8, 1 calmer weighing 820 at $3, UV 190 at $7.60, 8.) av 180 at $7.55, a

11 steers av 700 at $7, 9 cows av 900 at Uglfil‘teiW-étlfi sold P‘ll‘l‘el‘ XV & Co 270

$5.25. ." ‘ . . L \ , ". . ‘

Johnson sold Mich. B. Co. 2 cows av av 190 at $7.00, 05 av 150 at $7.50. 80 av

131:“) at 3515’ 1 heifer weighing 970 ut'170‘31lol1l7.{l§.& H sold Childs 32 pigs av

gm”Ilélashop, B. & H. sold Hammond, S, 8; 115 ”at $6.50, 28 do av 125 at $6.60. 14r do

Co. 16 steers av 1,260 at $8.60; to Nagle 21V 120 gt $5.7n_.|_39 do av 127 at $6130. 4

1’. Co. 15 do av 1,230 at $8.35; to Bresna- do av i.) at $6.25.

lion 1 cow weighing 1,010 at $5.50, 1 bull Market closed slow.

weighing 1,170 at $5.50; to Mich. 13. Co. ~--——-

12 steers av 1.133 at $7.70. 1 do weighing

830 at $7, 1 bull weighing 1,140 at $5.50;

to Heinrich 27 steers av 881 at $7.60, 26 _

do av 904 at $7.75;1\It0h}31‘§811(&hal21 2 steers; 1 2R8‘C0iplll l‘hl? weckd 1.03:2; ilulst geek.

av 890 at $6.50; to '10 . . Jo, ‘ cow ant , 7 . l1‘l"{€ s 0211' a ‘l'lll‘S ays

bull av 1.025 at $6.25, 3 steers av 913 at pr‘u-cs on all grades. l'illangl'ytllght- d

.40; 1 Re 1 9 l. tchers av 1'15 at “£4.70; “'9 ruote: Extra (11” e S 991‘3 an

for Parlger, 553.1185 (ill). 1 cow “feighin‘g 8:30 llt'ifOl‘S,l$S(418.40; steers and heifers, 1.000

210,553.25»;r to Newton B. (20. 4 bu‘icpcix‘q av ln"1"'g9olj $7,5S27t7.::5;(1lg.t Sagot‘lol'lwg' $2.53

.37; 1:00 ilfllliotl'2tobll/l’lisclvalggoatl0$lst§elfigllv 'll/lllldCllOlof‘IO fat 0035's. 65050676; g09dwftat

800 at $7 25" to Sullivan l’.Co. 6 do :iv cows, $4.50@‘5.25: common cows, $35065

1050 at $7 75 1 bull weighing 1,500 at $6; 4: calipers, 82.23673: choice heavy bulls.

to Hammond S & Co 1 cow weighing $6: fair to good bolognas, bulls, $4.756]?

900 at $2.50, '1 do weighing 1,350 at $5.75, 5.25; stock bulls, 944714.50: milkers, large,

4 Steers av 900 at $7, 1 cow weighing,r young, medium ago, $40@GO; common

1.050 at $5.50, 3 do av 1,050 at. $4, 1 steer lilllkCFS. 0206.130





, . . r ' ' 730 Veal Calves.

:f‘fghmg L160 at $8' 1 COW “e‘g'hmg {ecclpts this week. 2,029; last week.





DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS.

Thursday's Market.

May 23, 1912.





Friday’s Market.

May 17, 1912.

Cattle.





‘ - . 1 l Bres ahan 3 bulls 'v 1.617. Market Steady at 'l‘hllI‘Sda-V'S

05%“;181534850? toqollllich. BI? Co. 2 cow aild prices. Best $750M; 00mm)” “@6'50'

bull av 940 at $6, 3 cows av 833 at «114-50, Sheep and Lambs.





Receipts this week, 3,154; last week,





J do weighmg 890 at $3.25, 29 steers av Market 250 lower than on Thurs-





.‘ .- . 211' 1a 4055:2580-

§g§5gt tailgérfirmdfing, Cgierrls stveefs) av day; very few On sale. Best lambs, $860

931 at: $7 75 19 'do av 962 'at $7.75, 3 do 825: fair to good lambsv $950971 1‘81“ ‘0

av 803 at. $7 1 cow weighing 1 030 at $6: COmmfin lambS. $46715: spring lambs. .$9@

to Kamman’B. Co. 2 butchers'av 880 at 113 fair to 52"“ sheep, 34-50@53 culls and

$6; to Reid 1 cow weighing 760 at 8$3.50: common, $2-°0@3'Ho



' ' at , , , ' _

0% Sgrfibtelrl:§l(lglt 2112 $)$1tac‘l,ie§:4 :tvwsjg; 10 Receipts this week, 9,655: last week:

Bresliahan 9 do av 630 at $5 75' to Newton 5837‘ Market dull at Thursday 5 Cloae'

B (20 3 do av 863 at $6 20 ’3 cows av 943 12 loads shipped out of here for other

' " ' ' - : kets today.

at $4.50; to Kamman B. Co. 1 do welgh- mlr '- ~. _ . _

ing 830 at $5.50; to Bresnalian 1 do weigh- ‘Range fff7lLB‘Fesi' ql‘éfil}%,tfiigfi’€d ‘glfggg

‘ 1050 at $4.50 4 cows and bulls av 9’5- 37-60" “ . “g. ' "' , g y '

11115.8 at $5 75 ’ $7.25; stags one-third off,

’Iloe Com: Co. sold Mich. B. Co. 24 '_ E

steers av 942 at $7.75; to Bresnahan 5 do LIVE STOCK NOT 8'





. 760 at 7; to Thom )son Bros. 2 cows . , _

Ill; 1,010 11534.50, 2 do law 895 at $4.50; to Strong obioctlons are raised by stock—





.‘ ‘ , m r vei hin 920 at men to the proposition beforecongress to

2211-1513213) Illeggp 12 csatleefs :v €10 it $4,530; enforce- sales of live stock subject to post-

to Newton B, Co. 15 cows av 911 at 34,50, mortem examination. Several years ago

Merritt sold Parker, XV, & Co. 1 bull the live stock exchanges fought thepI‘OD-

weighing 1,490 at $5.50, 1 cow weighing osilioixi Vigorously and defeated it de-

"" ill 80 at ‘4, 1 cow elswe y.

:53;gahtii‘lg11,01101”alzwegilg.h g 9 $ The European markets for cattle and

Haley & M. sold Rattkowsky 1 bull hogs are unusually high, the_ beef and

weighing 600 at $5. 1 cow weighing 1,010 pork production everywhere being largely

at $4, 2 butchers av 625 at $5.50; to Sul- reduced. _

Iivan P. Co. 10 do av 708 at $6.60, 3 cows Wisconsin farmers are still applying the

and bulls av 1,043 at $5.50; to Regan 1 tuberculin test it) dairy cattle, although

heifer weighing 750 at $5; to Schuer 2 the law requiring such tests has been

cows av 985 at $4.60, 2 do av 900 at $3.50, repealed. This shows that farmers realize

1 do weighing 810 at $3, 1 do weighing 900 the value of these tests _

at $3.75, 1 bull weighing 600 at $4.50; to The purchases of feeder cattle made in

Sullivan P. Co. 1 bull weighing 1,400 at the Chicago market recently haVe been

$5.50, 2 cows av 950 at $5. 1 cow weigh- very moderate, farmers generally regard-

ing 760 at $4.25, 1 bull weighing 1,550 at ing prices as still too high, although re-

$5.50, 1 cow weighing 1.070 at $5.75; to ductions have been made. The best

Parker, Vi". & Co. 1 bull weighing 860 at heavy feeders are taken largely by kill-

$4.50; to Thompson Bros. 2 cows av 860 ers, who outbid country buyers. and this

at $4 9 do av 900 at $5. cuts into the future beef supply.

' Veal‘ Calves. Cattle have been selling ex raordinarily

Receipts, 794. Market strong at W'ed- high, even after considerable declines in

nesdar’s prices; good grades 25671500 high- prices, with the best long—fed beeves sell—

er than last week. Best, $8618.75; com- ing at $9.30 per 100 lbs, but it is the in-

111011. $4@6- between kinds that make the most profits

Haley & M. sold Parker W. & Co. 2 av for stock feeders. The class of steers

100 at $7. 3 «CW 140 at $8? to Ratkowsky selling around $8.50 and lower makes the

23 av 125 at $7.25. 2 av 105 at $5.25: to larger profits, and farmers are discover-

Newton B, Co, 15 av 125 at $5.50. 23 av ing that in the long run much the most

135 at $7.25; to Parker. W. & Co. 8 av 135 money is made by a short feed. say from

at $8.25; to Burl-stine 1 weighing 170 75 to 90 days. This is especially the case

at $9- with corn and all other feeds selling :it

BiShOD- 3- & H- 501d Parker, W— & CO- the ruling exceptionally high prices. Corn

1 weighing 310 at $3-75- 2 3V 170 at. 38-75, has sold in the Chicago market recently

4 av 150 at $8.25, 20 av 130 at $8.25, 8 av up to 811/4C per bushel for May delivery.

125 at $8? to Sullivan P- CO. 6 3V 100 .at being 28c higher than a year ago, and

$5» 10 3V 120'” $8~ 7 av 110 at $7, 5 av May oats at 581.40 stands 24c above last

120 at “50' 7 av 140 at $8; to Burnstine year’s figures. Hay is extraordinarily

3 3" 125 at 3650' 19 av 140 at $8» 3 av high. due to its great Scarcity. and all





 





-130 at $6, 19 av 145 at $8.50: to McGuire the grains are away up, May wheat sell-





14 av 140 at $8.25, 21 av 135 at $8; to ing a short time ago on the. Chicago

Newton B, Co. 8 av 150 at $8.25; to Sul- Beard of Trade at $119, a record price

livan P. CO. 12 8V 120 at $6. 35 3" 145 at for the season and 22c higher than a

$8.25. 6 3V 125 at 3650' 2 av 115 at 36- 10 year ago. This is certainly a time- when

av 136 at $8- , the farmer is getting good prices for his

SplCel‘ & R, sold Friedman 9 av 100 at products. whether grain. hay or live

$6.50; to Mich. B. Co. 8 av 145 at $8, 1 stock. _

av 135 at $8; to Parker, W. & C0. 8 av Prices Of feeder cattle have gone so

140 at $8.15: to Mich. B. Co. 17 av 145 at high that some farmers haVe withdrawn

$8, 6 av 125 at $6.50; to Newton B. CO. buying orders they had placed in the

17.11" 140 at 58- hands of their liVe stock commission

Kalaher sold Mich. B. Co. 23 av 140 at firmg_ One good judge of the market

$8.25. gives his view of the situation as follows:

_ Sheep and Lambs. "Prices for stockers and thin feeders are

Receipts. 3.309. Sheep 50¢, lambs 25@ already too high to give much chance for

50c lower than Wednesday or last Thurs- a margin of profit to the man who carries

day. Best lambs. $8@8.25; fair to good them through on grass and feeds them

lambs, $3.50@7; light to common lambs. for the market the last half of the year.





 





 





twice! 16AM FARMER





 





Chances are that as good a class of feed-

ers will be available during the later

months of summer at considerably less

cost than they can be secured here now.

As to the good fleshy feeders that can be

put in shape for market in 90 days or

before the influx of range cattle, and the

depressing effect that the flood of grass

cattle always has on the beef market.

there may be a chance to take out some

of_ these good feeders even at high cost

and make some profit by feeding well in

pasture, but prices have reached a pretty

high level to make the proposition look at

all promising, especially for the plain and

medium class of feeders."



Observers of present cattle conditions

agree that the country faces a cattle

shortage at least two years ahead, and

they also agree that the slaughter of steel-

calves with good beef quality should

cease. It also is conceded by everyone

that farmers should be less eager to dis—

pose of female calves. The situation is

serious, and many people are in favor of

congress taking action admitting free cu-

try_of young Mexican and Canadian meets

for fattening iii the corn belt states. In

this connection, farmers are reminded

that the building of silos is a mighty good

thing, as silage is a great economizcr in

fattening cattle. Alfalfa is also a highly

profitable crop where it can be grown suc—

cessfully by slockmcn.



The continued advances in prices for

cattle, hogs and Sheep have been followed

by coi‘respmlding marking up of prices

for beef, mutton and hog products in the

letail meat markets, and already there is

considerable talk of decreased consump—

lion. Many families are either eating less

meat or buying cheaper kinds, and eggs

are being largely substituted, being abun-

dant, Gliolcc and cheaper than meats.

Decreased consumption is the only thing

that will check the upward course of

prices for live stock.



Lewis Maxwell, of l‘mddridge county,

W. Va., showed up in the Chicago stock

yards not long ago and bought through

a leading culiilnission lil'ni 369 lll‘llll of

Shorlborn, Angus and Hereford steers fir

fattening. lie will givizc lllt'lll. lVll'. Max-

well said that czittlc, were scarce in that.

part of the country, with prospects for

good grass. lie is a big land owner and

a heavy exporter of cattle.



J. C. \Vilson and his son, John \Vilson,

fed about 20,000 sliccp and lslinbs the past

winter season at Burlington, \N'is,



Montana and \\'yomilig‘ are being set-

tled up rapidly, and former open ranges

are to a large, (‘xlellt replaced by moder-

iile sized farms, where farmers are be-

coming Cxll‘llSlVe producers of hogs.

\\'itliiii a short time h’lontalia. and \‘t'y—

omilig hogs lluvc topped the market at

Chicago, Ulnalla and St. Paul.



Much reduced marketings of north.-

western range cuitie the coming selsoli

are looked for than last year. Chicago's

range cattle season for 1911 brought out

a total of 252.100 cattle, against 319,700

in 1910, 313,100 in 1900 and 291.7500 in 1908.

It was smallest rouge marketing; since

1903, when there were received only 209.-

900, While in 1901 the range- ruu was 140,-

500, smallest receipts in the history of

the range cattle trade.



\Vord comes fl‘ulli Oregon that the

spring was bad for lainbing, with snow

and rain every day in April, resulting in

heavy losses of lambs. Late reports say

there will not be over 70 per cent raised

and perhaps not as many as that.





 





CROP AND MARKET NOTES.





Gratiot Co., May l7.#A spell of weath—

er. cold and rainy for several drlys, has

passed, leaving most ground too wet to

work. \that has improved since April

and oats show a good per cent of germi-

nation. The writer knows of no corn be-

ing planted to dale. Meadows have not

grown rapidly, but the last few days

have been very beneficial to them. A

great many sheep are not yet shown as

there have been so few warm days.

Peach trees through this section were

greatly damaged by the cold winter and

some orchards are killed, almost to a

tree. Apple trees are just bursting into

bloom. Beans and wheat are advancing

in price. Eggs, 160; butter, 25c.



Livingston Co., May 20.——The cold. wet

wcather that has prevailed thus far this

month has retarded the work on the farm

zind as a result corn planting will be

Vol'y late, the majority of farmers not

having their corn ground plowed at this

date. Vl'lieat will be a very light crop,

owing to the severe, winter. New seeding

is coming on good, but hay will be

Scarce because so many pieces were ruin-

ml by the dry weather last summer.





.lrain is selling high, as is also hay,

which is almost uuobiainable at any

price. Fruit trees are blossoming quite





full with the exception of peach trees.

Help scarce and wages high.





Lapeer Co., May Iii—Another 24 hours

of rain has interfered with farm opera—

tions. Some oats arc up bill the water

stands on many fields. Some oats are

just showing and some farmers have not

finished sowing. Vi'heat is not looking as

well as when snow first went off. as wat-

er stood on land so long. Some, are leav-

ing last year’s meadows, as new seeding

is not. good.



Kalkaska Co., May 15.—Spring grain all

sowod and making its appearance; 75 per

cent of corn ground plowed. Planting

corn will Commence about the 20th. Grass

making a fine start. Full grain looking

had. Stock of all kinds quite thin on 21c-

count of long winter and high cost of

feed. First soaking rain commenced on

the 11th and continued for 40 hours, in a

moderate way. A car load of silos un-

loaded at station last week. Some farm-

ers are putting up the second one. Not

many potatoes planted, although farmers

are preparing to plant quite extensively

in the near future.



Indiana.



Laporte Co., May 17.—Fair and pleas-

ant today with cool northwest wind. Has

rained every day at some time during the





   





(15) 607 -‘ I





past seven days. Wheat is a failure and

oats a large acreage. Farmers busy plow-

ing for corn, but mostly too wet. We are

running a gang plow with four horses.

Fruit prospects light, apples and cher-

ries in bloom. Seed corn is poor, only

50 per cent will germinate that is raised

_here. Outside corn that tests 96 to 100

sells 211 $3 per bu. Cowpeas will be SOWll

quite largely; hay CLUBS well and is fine

fm‘ dairy cows. Butter, 35c; feed is Very

scarce and no surplus of stock on pas—

tul'e.

Ohio.



Hardin Co., May 15.—Everybody busy

getting corn in the ground. \Veather has

been cool with plenty of moisture for

good work; oats making a good showing

this spring. \l’lieat is scarce and what

stood tlu- winter is growing nicely. Not

a large per cent of apple blossoms this

year. Not many peach blooms. Hay is

scarce and high.





 





 





The . easiest

surest way to





kill bugs!





gifégkamb,’ ., {4,





 

 

   

   

 





fiiiyfj’l‘r .r'fi .





 





No one will eyer use

a liquid sprayer who

has once used the





CHAMPION Bfié‘l’sfi’g’

The Champion works faster—dusts two rows

at once—as fast as a man walks. Weighs only

six pounds. Simple to owrate, any farm hand,

even a boy can use it. lt gives better results,

at less expense—in time and material used-

than any other machine. No water to carry.

Least danger because the poison is kept at

a safe distance. Price $8.00. If your local

dealer can't supply you, we will sllip direct on

receipt of price. Guaranteed satisfactory.





01: large acreage. use the Beetle Duster.

Dust: tour rows as fast as a hone walks.





lVrz't: for literature to

. ’ LEGGETT & BROTHER

W 301-A Pearl Street, New York City





\ BINDER TWINE Tic Ill.





 





 





 





 





 





\ From factory to farm. Fully guaranteed.

Farmer agents wanted. Samples and catalog

free. THEO. BURT l SONS. Helm-o. Okla.





We Want HAY&. STRAW





. We get the top price on consignments, make

liberal advancements and prompt remittances.





Daniel McCaflrey's Sons Co.

PITTSBURG, PA





Reference. Washington Trust Company, or any bankincifi!





FARMS lllll FARM UllllS

Hill SALE [Ill EXGHANGE





in Oceania. greatest fruit 00.111 U. 8.

we 3‘" rams also grain, otnboes. alfalfa. dairying.

Write for list. ete. HAN ON & SON. Hart. Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





1:91:91 "lent“ lull is“

no a, s raw . '

Address tote Board of A::£l?lstlfrl;. [fouling £912,233:





[’03 2591501? INENEW YORK STATE

an in 0 er (antes, 351;, West and South. address

ll B. F. M ' '

312213,“... .. 03311.29. 922... 59.22.22: 29:





when you can buy

the Beat Land In

Mich! an at from

87 to an acre





near Saginaw and Bay City. Write f -

tloulan. Olen title and easy tarmaorsmllingfgei

(owners) 15 Merrill Bldg. Saginaw. W. S. Michigan.





4?, all cleared,perfect state

9 cultivation, fine build-

I lugs. 1.51 mi. railroad town.





$4500. $111!) down. balance easy tor . Otl "

tree. THE EVANS-HOLT 00.. B‘%Routle$.lhxafi





 





FARMS WANTEn—We have direct buyers, Don't.





' ’ 'pay commissions. Write de-

scribing property. uamlnglowest rice. We be] buy-

ers locate desirable ligorerty FR . American invest

ment Aseomatlon, 3 a ace Bldg. Minneapolis, Minn





Do Not Buy Land in Florida





Until You Have Tested It.





You are offered the opportunity of a lifetime to

go into tbe_'lrucking and Fruit-growing business

Without capital. I have 1000 acres of Truck Land

and 1000 acres of Grove Land. in the Red Land.

on the east coast of Florida, which I will rent for

10 per cent. of net. proceeds. Renters make

per acre. For full particulars address





Dr. W. S. BURKHART. Stu. R. Cincinnati, 0.





50-Acre Lakeside Farm

Only $900 Cash Needed





More than 1000 bearing peach. apple and pear trees.

quantities of strawberries and raspberries; 2-story-7-

room lhouse. 30x arnnother outbuildings: only‘ )3?

mile to live Michigan Village: owner has other farm.

cannot one or both. includes 2 cows. flock of bone.

lot. of farmln tools. if taken now everything

for 83900. and annuity remain on easy terms. lgor

further information about this 'and many other

tremendous bargains in Michl an and Wisconsin.

one a 20 acre fru1t.‘ farm with sp endid buildin for

$1700, see page 19. ‘Btrout's Farm Catalo us 35' , just

whoop free. E. ,A. s'riiou'r Fulfil AGENCY.

Station 0]. 407 So. lDearborn St.. Chicago. Ill.





 





i1
l





 





 





=-___=_-—-_=§





Wilma] andllgNCEdd’  





At Home and Elsewhere





 





 





 





 





 





{7





%





 





D





 





 





“Eternal Sunshine” is too Advanced for

this Generation.





kindly reader for my recent remarks

on “Co-operative Trouble.”



“Your article. dampened my spirits, or

ardor, dreadfully.” writes this critic, “and

I’m blue every time I think of it. For

myself. I do not believe in that train of

thought at all. Of course, it is true, but,

does it not sadden the home wheerin such

things have occurred, bringing up pain—

ful memories that have been buried, or

nearly so? M'hy not always write Cheer-

ful things?”



I wonder if the woman who wrote that

really thinks the World would be made

better if preachers and teachers and

writers never mentioned disagreeable

things, but preached and sang always

eternal sunshine? Or (lid she Write it

impulsively because her heart had been

saddened and she did not want to' think

of unpleasant subjects?



If we were living in an ideal world

where sunshine was the rule and the

shadows only appeared occasionally, 01‘

never at all, such homilctics might do,

but in this old world where sunshine and

shadow, wrong doing and right are so

ihoioughly blended, but little would be

accomplished in the way of righting

wrong if all the preachers and teachers

refused to think of sin and talked always

0f goodness. Unfortunately there are

many persons in the world who can un-

derstand nothing but a. hard knock.

Kindness and sunshine slip off them like

water off a duck's back and they require

harsh treatment to open their eyes.



Did not the One who came to bring

“peace on earth and good will to men.”

the first prophet of “sunshine," set us the

example of denouncing wrong? The say-

ings of Jesus are about equally divided

between promises of rewards for right-





I HAVE been taken gently to task by a





eousness and denunciations of sinners.

“\Voe unto you," is uttered quite as im-

partially as “Blessed,” and those warn-

ing words have had quite as much to do

with working out the salvation of the

race as have the promises. '



Following this example the great re-

formers of all ages have been those men

who were fearless enough to condemn

wrong doing. “Hell fire and brimstone"

are. not. pleasant topics, but the awful

pictures of the old preachers did more

to make men live right than the “pleas-

ant pastures” of the modern pastors are

able to accomplish. Not alone in the re—

ligious world but in the body politic the

hammer is needed. The statesman who

does his country’s real work is the one

who attacks graft and crookedness. even

though he may hurt the feelings of the

innocent while he punishes the guilty.



lMuch as I should like to think and

write only of pleasant topics I can not

do it while I live in this world where

unpleasant things are constantly being

done. When I see so many suffering from

the wrong doing of others how can I help

but warn those who are taking their first:

steps down? Perhaps the article which

my reader condemns may be the means

of stopping someone who is about to

bring trouble on herself and her family

by her unwise or wrong conduct.



Some of us thrive on sunshine and be-

have ourselves beautifully when we are

prosperous. But there are more of us

who get heady when things go our way

and we need the, caustic criticism, the

sharp blow of adversity to keep us linin-

ble. 1 am sorry if anything I write sad-

dens a heart already broken, but so long

as I see people starting wrong I must call

their attention to their mistake.



DEBORAH.





 





 





OUTDOOR CLEANING.





 





BY MARGARET WHITNEY.



(“leaning time is here and while the

housekeeper is scrubbing and washing

indoors there will be a good-sized job of

cleaning up in the fields, barnyard and

around the house for the man to do. The

spring rains will wash a great deal of the

winter‘s dirt away: and then the winds

will do their part and blow some of it:

away, but there will still be enough set-

ting to rights to keep the farmer busy

for at least a part of his leisure time.



The tit-Ids get littered up more or less

during the long winter, especially if there

is a small strram running through the

place, to bring down with it a few loads

of sticks, brush and even logs which it

distributes very impartially over every

part ot the place it (an icach. And if,

as it so often happens, that this stream,

ordinarily so small that one could step

across it, has become a raging torrent

alter the spring rains, this trash will he

so well scattered that it will he no short

job to gather it all off the fields.



Around the barn where straw, corn fod-

der and hay will necessarily get badly

scattered during the long months of feed—

ing there. will be some cleaning up to do.

There will very likely be some boards to

nail on that haVc been neglected during

the cold weather and pitcr-s of boards and

timber to gather up and burn.



The task of raking the yard generally

falls to the women or (hildrcn and the

ease with which the lawn is mowed dur-

ing summer will depend upon the, kind of

job that is done in clearing the yard of

sticks and trash. If all pieces of brush

are not removed they will annoy every

time the lawn is mowed, and dull the

mower besrdcs, by getting fast on the

knife when one attempts to run over

them.



A thing that many farmers nleglect

year after year is to cut the brush that

grows up along the fences, especially the

frbnt fence. “Often a perfect wall of

bushes entirely hides the place behind

them and makes it look as if uninhabited.

No one w0uld accuse a man of being an





up-to-date farmer who permitted his

place. to get into such a condition.



’l‘hcn during the summer it may be

necessary once in a while to mow weeds.

l-tailroad companies evidently consider it

good policy to keep the weeds down along

their right of way; and the section men

are employed almost exclusively during

a certain part of the year to do nothing

but mow Wt‘t‘ds. It will take a very little

while for the farmer to mow along in

front of his place some day when he

comes up from cutting grass in the mea-

dow. And think how much a place is

llllpl‘OVt‘d by even as small an effort as

this!



Neatness costs very little but if one

wants to sell his place it will add very

much to its desirability, and will enable

the owner to ask a few more dollars per

(“'10 than if it were dilapidated and run

down. A fcw hours spent in this sort of

work will be all that is necessary after a

farm is in good order and it will be of as

much value as if it had been spent in

planting corn or hoeing potatoes.





 





A RIGHT AND A WRONG WAY TO

DUST.





 





Every caerful housewife will tell you

that absence of dust spells the difference

between a well-kept and an lily-kept

house. Plain pine furniture carefully

dusted appeals to the eye with greater

force than the most expensive mahogany

if it be coated with even a slight film of

dust. Yet in spite of this well-known

axiom of good housekeeping how few

Women know how to dust.



How often your careful housekeeper

proceeds after this fashion. She raises

the windows, pins up the curtains. seizes

the broom and “falls to" in her onslaught

on dirt. Every ounce of muscular energy

she possesses is laid out to raise all the

dust out of the carpet she can get, and all

the dirt which remains on the floor is

carefully swept into a dust pan and

burned. Meantime clouds of dust have

settled on every article of furniture.

\Vithout waiting for the air to be still a

few minutes so that all may settle, the





hurried worker arms herself with a feath-

er duster or dry cloth and starts in to

dust. A wipe here with the cloth and a

flirt there with the feather brush is con-

sidered sufficient dusting, and the dust

which has just been stired up is thus

thrown off into the air to settle again on

carpets and in curtains, to be stirred up

again week after week. No wonder the

house looks next days as though it had

never been cleaned.



The proper method on sweeping day is

different. Every article of bric-a-brac

should be carefully wiped off with a

slightly dampened cloth and put in a cup-

board or cabinet. Books which have been

lying around should be taken out doors

and dusted, then returned to the book

case. Heavy articles of furniture, as the

piano, couch and table should next be

dusted and covered, and then the sweep-

ing may begin. When this is finished the

sanitary way is to dust with a cloth

which has been saturated with one of the

many dust absorbing compounds on the

market. Only in this way can the house-

keeper take up the dust and remove it

from the room instead of scattering it

again to the four winds of heaven. There

are many compounds on sale today for

making these “dustiess” dust cloths, and

the woman who values her health, as well

as desires a clean home, will employ some

one of them. In this way the dust which

was drawn into the lungs by the old

method of dusting is taken up on the oiled

cloth and a spotless room and shining

furniture are obtained with no resulting

damage to the respiratory organs.





THE LITTLE OLD SHOES.





 





BY M. C‘.





In preparing the children for a visit to

grandpa/S I had occasion one night re-

cently to black the little shoes, four little

pairs, and as I picked them up prepara-

tory to “shining up,” how forcibly it came

to me What those little old shoes stood

for and I wondered if busy parents ever

made the little shoes a study.



The first pair I chanced to pick up were

tiny ones, belonging to the little two-

year—old girl, such walking as they had

endured, and that meant that two little

sturdy feet had (ramped in them all day

long. Rather weak looking, to be sure,

but still many a step would they continue

to take before thrown aside. While busy

thinking, I had finished blacking them

and giving them a last searching glance

1 set them down on the window seat.



The next pair belonged to little blue

eyes, aged just three. Longer a trifle

were. these, broadcr a bit, perhaps, and

I could almost read the character of their

owner in the lines and curves of the dear

little shoes, which brightened up so well

under the touch of the sponge. These I

set beside the first pair.



Next came Miss Six—year-old’s. There

it seemed I could read “School days,

readin’ and writin’ and ’rithmetic.” Long-

er in the foot, higher in the instep, more

trim and with a look as of a, firmer pur-

pose and determination. This represent—

ed a little bark well launched upon the

waves of time, my first born, and gently

I gave them the extra dab and set them

down beside the others.



Now I pick up the last pair, property

of my little curly, red—headed boy just

five years of age. Let me describe them.

Oh, the poor heel, mamma surely did not

know it was So run over, and sand. for

lining evidently, as it began to sift out

on the floor. Broken shoe-string, also, to

be replaced. and altogether these shoes

had an unsteady look. representing the

nature of the little fellow, (as known only

to father and mother), who from morn

’til night had these faithful shoes, jump-

ing, running, or walking. as all boys do.



Having them all placed in a row, I

leaned back in 'my chair, and a sigh es-

caped me, and I will tell you why. I was

thinking of the little feet, those four pairs

of shoes encased, of the little bodies those

feet belonged to, and the little lives that

dwelt therein, and, like the old worn

shoes, I wondered if spots came on the

little souls, would they be erased by the

God-given Spirit, as easily as the spots

on the shoes were by the liquid blacking.



Could I, as a mother, guide those little





 





’ ' MAY 25, '1912.





'Wh‘enthe

Appetite Legs

Abowlof ' '





Post

Toasties





with cream

hits the right spot.





 





“Toasties”are thin bits

of corn; fully cooked, then

toasted to a crisp, golden-

brown.





This food makes a fine

change for j| spring appe-

tites.





Sold by Grocers, and

ready to serve from pack-

age instantly with cream

and sugar.





“The Memory Lingers"





Made by

Postum Cereal Company, Ltd.

Pure Food Factories

Battle Creek, Mich.





 





 





 





 





zqfilyom

H'°“°$"“~u,



‘VKNQP u.

Llsr- ‘1',"





”file:





   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 

 

 





THIS FREE BOOK CUTS DOWN

YOUR GROCERY BILL 20 %





Can you afford to be without it? Can you

afford to spend 10 dollars when you can get

more and otter groceries for 8 dollars—or can

you afford to spend 15 instead of. 12 dollars, 25 in-

stead of 20 dollars, 50 instead of 40 dollars ‘1’ Can

you afford to do this when you might be saving

from 2 to 10 dollars 1‘



You know tluitlyou can not—but that is exact-

ly what you are i omg if you pay three or four

profit-.3 to small dealers.



This book _re iresents the World’s

Largest 'Retall irooery Store. It gives

money-suvm quotations on the very finest. food

products of a l'kiulln. It, shows you new and bet-

ter food supplies. Besides, it has several pa es of

wonderful bargains on a variet of merchandise.



It; is issued every two wont is. In every issue

you find new and novel grocery items, a. new list, of

special bargains-nil the necessary staple grocer-

ies—at; the lowest prn:c,—nt. prices that mean at

least; a savmg of one-fifth to you.



Will you use this little coupon and send for this

hook at. once 'i. Sendam your name and we will put.

you on our mailing list, to receive this value-giving

grocery list every two months. -



Clip this coupon, sign it, mail it; at once It





MONTGOMERY WARD & CO

Chicago Ave. Bridge 19th and Cam bell Btu.



CHICAGO _ KANSAS 811W



NAME





P. 0. STATE





 





 





 





 





Metal Bread Cabinet





ONLY $3.00.

Lasts a life. time. Does away with

food waste. Keeps bread and

pastry in perfect condition for 2

weeks. The



HOME COMFORT

BREAD AND CAKE CABINET





is a home comfort to thousands

of house wives. Why not try it?

30 Day. Trial. Money back if

unsatisfactory. Where the Home

Comfort is not carried by dealer send direct.

F mily size 17 inches wide, 28 inches high,

13/2 inches deep. Price—prepaid, only $3.

Circular free. Address



Home Comfort Bread 6‘: Cake Cabinet Co.



St. Paul. Minnesota.





Plane mention the Michigan Farmer when

wrltl'nt to advertisers. .’





 

   





 





. F 5:





 

   

 





   

   

   





   

   





 

 

 





 





”m.“ WI!





   





   

 





   

 





 





 





\





 





 





 





 





 





s
a





 





 

 

 





.15.. _





MAY'25, 191'2. ‘ "





 

 

   





feet into paths wherein would lie the

roses, instead of thdrns? If you, fathers

and mothers, have- never thought of it

seriously, some evening after the little

ones are far away in dreamland, take up

the little shoes, study them and think

well on it. And above all, and at all

times, remember this, father and mother

are the mirrors, our children are reflected

there. -



WOMAN'S HAPPINESS ON THE FARM



IS IMPORTANT To RURAL

PROGRESS.





 





In the latter part of March there con-

vened in Philadelphia one of the most

notable assemblages ever brought togeth-

er on the American continent. The gath-

ering was made up of statesmen, schol-

ars, educators, clergymen, professors of

agriculture, scientists and agriculturists.

The conference was held under the aus—

pices of the Pennsylvania Rural Progress

Association, the oldest agricultural so-

ciety in the United States, having been

organized in 1785.



At this gathering were discussed the

problems of the farmer's wife and the

conditions under which she struggles, not

only to bring up her family but to help

to make the living and means to alleviate

her from isolation and bring about con-

ditions favorable to her well being.



Miss Martha Van Rensselaer, of New

York, struck the keynote to the meeting

when she declared that rural progress dc-

pcnds on the happiness and comfort of

the woman on the farm more than upon

well-tilled fields and well-built and well—

stocked barns.



“if the woman is not satlSfiQ‘L," she

said, “and if no effort is made for her

comfort. the farmer might as well give

up his aspiratiOns to become successful;

for the family cannot remain on the farm

if the wife and mother rebels. 0n thou-

sands of farms in this country there- is

every reason for rebellion, for absolutely

nothing is done to give the woman the

aid she needs in housekeeping, in the

bringing up of her children and the her—

formance of her share of the farm duties.

How many men who have reapers and

binders think of the washing machine and

the ironing machine for their wives?



“in how many cases would the woman

think ihg-s’was'a needless expense, simply

because she has been trained to believe

that her health and her happiness and

conservation are inferior matters and do

not measure up to the needs of the live

stock and the farm? The. farmer’s wife

should be taught how to conserve her

time and energy, how to get the latest

labor-saving devices, how to do her work

scientifically and intelligently and how

to combine pleasure with duty. She

should have some idea of art, so that her

home may be beautiful, and she should

not be given to believe that there is noth-

ing in life beyond the dreary rOutine of

daily toil.”





HUMAN WELFARE QUERIES.





 





HousehOld Editorz—Should young chil-

dren be allowed to eat freely of fruit?——-

Young Mother.





No. Fruits are. largely composed of wat-

er and, of course. are not nourishing.

They are often responsible for the bowel

disturbances from which little children

suffer. This does not mean that fruit

must never be eaten, as oranges and bak-

ed or scraped raw apple are allowable if

not given too freely. But young children

should not be allowed to munch fruit

whenever they feel like it.



Household Editorzwls spinach consid-

ered a valuable food?~C00k.



Spinach is called by some “the broom

of the stomach." It contains valuable

salts and should be cooked without water

if possible so that it need not be drained

and these salts lost.



Here is my recipe for corn salad:

Eighteen ears of corn and onglarge cab-

bage, four onions, tWO green peppers,

chopped fine, cup of salt, two quarts of

vinegar. Boil one-half hour. Then add

quarter cup of ground mustard, two-

thirds tablespoon of tumeric powder, two

cups of sugar and two cups of flour and

cook until done but not too soft.





Household Editorzf—Can you give me

some ways of puttlng up pieplant for

winter use?——Busy Mother.





.Pieplant and figs are delicious preserved

together, using them in the proportion of

one pound of figs and six of sugar, for

every six pounds of pieplant. The figs

should be out fine and the fruit and sugar

placed in a preserving kettle and allowed

to stand- over night. Cook until thick.

The grated rind and juice of three or

four lemons adds to the flavor. Oranges,

rhubarb and raisins cooked together are

also good. Use three oranges, grated rind





and' pulp. with two pounds of sugar to

every two pounds of rhubarb and add

raisins to suit your taste. This should

also stand over night.



Household Editors—At what hour do

you think. young children should be put

to bed? We have always allowed our

children to stay up until we go to bed

ourselves, but a. friend says we are domg

wrong and that they should go to bed

early—Mother of .Two.





I agree with your friend. The earlier

young cliildrcn‘are put'to bed the better

for them and for the mother. Seven

o’clock is a good time until they are at

least ten years old. I can not decry too

much the habit of allowing children to

stay up until nine» and ten, especially if

they are dragged out to town or to

parties. Of course. it is hard on the

young mothers to give up amusements to

stay in with children, but the sound

nerves and healthy bodies that cmne to

their children as the result of enough

sleep, combined with the right food,

should compensate the mother for the loss

of a little fleeting pleasure. The chil-

dern will grow all too quickly and there

will then be many years for the mother

to enjoy herself.





AN EXCELLENT COOK BOOK.





 





At the Extremely Low Price of Twenty-

five Cents (POStpaid).



It is not often that you can get a good

reliable cook book for 25 cents. delivered

at your home. 'l‘hcrcfol‘e avail yourself

of this present offer at once. “'0 bought

a large quantity of these books, thereby

securing a very low price. and we are

selling them to you at actual cost, plus

postage.



The book is by Isabel Gordon Curtis.

It is of a very convenient size, 414x991;

inches. The cover is white oil cloth

which can be washed when it becomes

soiled. The recipes are divided under 20

heads and every recipe has been tested

by the New England School of Cookery.

Also every other page of the 320 con-

tained in the book is blank so that you

can enter your own recipe under their

proper hcad and find them easily when

you wish to use them.



We could tell a great deal more about

the value of these books but think that

by this time you have been convinced

that at the price (25 cents, postpaid), you

are offered a bargain which you can not

resist. Just send a quarter or 25 cents in

stamps and one of the books will be

mailed you at once. Send orders to The

Michigan Farmer, Dctroit, Mich.





 





 





MICHIGAN FARMER PATTERNS.





 





These patterns may be obtained from

the Michigan Farmer ofiice at the prices

named. Be sure to give pattern number

and the size wanted.





 





 





 





 





l





. No. 5,800, Ladies and Misses' Caps. Cut

in one size. Cap Nos. 1 or 2 needs 9?;

yard of 24—inch goods; 1% yards of edg-

ing and 11/2 yards of ribbon. Cap No. 3

needs {A yard 27—inch goods. 11/; yards of





ribbon and 11/2 yards edging. Price, 10

cents.

No. 5780, Ladies’ Apron. Cut in one





size and requires one yard of 36-inch

goods. Price, 10 cents.



No. 5789, Ladies' Bathing Suit. Cut in

8 sizes, 30 to 44 inches bust measure.

Size 36 requires 41/, yards of 44—inch ma-

terial. Price, 10 cents.



No. 5602, Girls’ Tucked Dress Closing at

the Back. Cut in sizes, 4, 6, 8. 10 and

12 years. Age 8 requires 2% yards of 36-

inch material; 175 yard of 27-inch con—

trasting goods. Price. 10 cents.



No. 5495, Ladies' Shirt Waist without

Shoulder seams. Cut in sizes 32 to 42

inches bust measure. Size 36 requires 2

yards of 36-inch goods. Price 10 cents.





 





" Ti—iE MICHIGAN FARMER.





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





   





 





in,





 

 

   

 

 





 





 





“Ml-iii."

is my ,





 

 

 





 

 





, j'_,,,.~>c,sf"” .M _

Anty D dge to Mr. Farmer





One Man—“Gee, but it is tough work trying to get my

hands clean. No hot water and what good is this

old soap without hot water? 'I may just as well

not wash, for all the good it does. Someone ought

to invent soap that can be used in cold water.”



Anty Drudge—“Dear man, you have the invention

right here. It’s Fels-Naptha Soap. With it you

need no hot water, just plain pump water, and it

will take every stain off your hands. Tell your good

wife to keep a cake of Fels-Naptha Soap beside the

wash basin.”





Take as much care of yourself as your

husband does of his stock!



Fcls-Naptha Soap will practically do

your weekly wash for you. Docs away with

the boiler and makes the hard rubbing on

the washboard unnecessary. Fcls-Naptha

Soap saves your health, your strength, your

temper—and the clothes, too. And if you

have a washing machine, that part is done

in a jiff .



Full directions on the red and green

wrapper of how to wash everything—white

clothes, flanncls, colored cotton goods (they

“run” if washed the old way)-—in fact

everything that needs cleansing. \



For full particulars, write Fels-Naptha, Philadelphia





Flies! Flies!





Get rid of them and help make your home and

premises sanitary by the liberal use of Tanglefoot

Fly Paper. There is fully one-third more

compound per sheet on Tanglefoot them any other fly paper;

hence it lasts longest, catches the most flies and is the best and

cheapest lly paper. ll you ask for “lly paper" or “sticky fly paper"

you may get a cheap imitation that will soon dry up or glaze over.

Ask for Tanglefoot.



Sold by Grocers and Druggists.





TREE TANGLEFOOT, put up in 1, 3. 10 and 20 lb. cans.

Will protect your trees from all climbing insects. J





 





   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





The Public Have Voted Them “Best”





 





——Gooof:/§§ ( Rubber) Carriage Tires





AKR N,





 





r





 





Afte. thirteen years’ acquaintance with

Goodyear Carriage Tires. the American car-

riage—owning public has decided these tires

are best.



Each year the demand forvGoodyear Car-

riage Tires has increased. 3,724,000 have

now been sold.



Th‘r‘eefourths of all carriage builders now

use Goodyears.” Leading retail dealers

almost invariably prefer to sell them.



Thus, have Goodyear Carriage ’I‘ires won

their way to the top. They are today far the

most popular carriage tires in existence.



Let the experience of these carriage owners,

carriage makers and carriage dealers be your

guide in choosing tires for your carriage.





Our “Wing” Tire





 





 

 





 





 





r





— "m We "-"m "m m ""-





Note this patented "Wing"—- how it presses

against the channel. thus preventing mud. grit or

water from getting in Mid quickly rusting the rim

and destroyin the tire base. This tire remains

sound. Itnwon t creep or get loose. Gives utmost

Wcur. “ill protect. your carriage and greatly

lengthen its life. Being of tough, springy rubber.

ii; is exceptionally easy-riding.





Our Eccentric Cushion Tire





is especially designed for lighter vehicles. runa-

bouts. etc. Note the wire hole is below tho center.



'lhis increases the wearing depth of the tire

one-half. Saves you that much money. This tire

stays firm in the channel. The high-grade. resil-

ient rubber used in the "Eccentric" makes it re-

markably easy-riding. Always gives satisfaction.





FREE BOOKLET by Next Maul

Your name on a _ ._

postal brings the ”

a t. e s t. Goodyear

Carriage Tire Cir-

c u l a :- promptly

and the name 0

our agent. in your

locality. You may

be surprised to

know it. but Good.

year Tires will

cost you no more.

than ordinary

kinds. Write us.





The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co., Akron, Ohio





Drench.- uul Agenciu in 103 Principal Cities
610 (18)





 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 





GIVING

PE R FECT

COMFORTAND

GREATEST

DURABILITY





SLIDING

CORD IN

BACK THAT

ELIMINATES

STRAIN-





 

 





EXTRA HEAVY

P R E SID E N T

SUSPENDERS

FOR HEAVY WORK





Are made of extra heavy 1% inch

wide‘ elastic webbing, fitted with

heavy, nickle on brass, buckels and

tubes, 3-16 inch braided cords With

seine twi‘le center.



Every yard of webbing is woven,

in our factory in Shirley. from the

best grade of hard twisted yarn and

two-ply pure Para Rubber thread.



An extra layer of fabric is woven

on the- back of the web to protect

the rubber from sweat. \



The back is the well known. com-

fortable, Shirley President Sliding

Cord that takes all strain from the

shoulders and buttons, and gives you

as much ease and freedom as if you

had no suspenders on.



Price 50 cents everywhere.

guarantee on every pair.





‘SHIREEY ‘





lgtitrmxw

SU P ERS





Weara pair of Shirley Presidents for a

month. If not entirely satisfied. we will

buy them back at full price.



Shirley Presidents also made in light and

medium weights and in extra lengths for

tall men.



THE C. A. EDGARTON, MFG. CO.

5 Main St" Shirley. Mass.





Signed





         





 





THE MICHIGAN PARMER.





'7‘"





HOME ANDYOUTH,





MEMORIAL. . '





BY L. M. THORNTON.





Fairest of blossoms, the white and blue,

Tribute of honor and homage true;



With laurel wreaths o’er each sleeper’s

bed,



And prayers and praises and fond words

said.



Early we gather this morn in May

Keeping together, Memorial Day.





 





 





 





Fierce was the conflict, and dearly won;

Silent their slumbers, their life—work





one.



Gallant and’ fearless they faced the foe.

In summer’s heat and in winter’s snow,

Heroes departed, we reverence pay



In wreaths we bring on Memorial Day.





A DECORATION DAY STORY.





BY RUTH RAYMOND.





 





It was Decoration Day, and Ernest and

Mable were anxious to see the veterans

decorate the soldiers' graves. They were

visiting their grandfather in the country.

Grandfather Darling was a veteran of the

Civil war but, being a cripple, could not

march with the old comrades.



After gathering a basket of flowers they

sought their grandfather and Mable said,

“How are we, going to decorate the

graves, grandpa, unless you go with us?"



“1 was just thinking of that,” answered

the old soldier, putting his arm about the

little girl. “I have not walked up to the

cemetery in a number of years, my knt'e

has been so bad. l‘ll tell you what we

will do. i will have John hitch up the

gray colt and take us up to the burying

ground, and we will decorate a grave l





 





 





 





;,, LIGHTNING non

8'/2c PER root





1 Best Quality Copper-Extra Heavy Cable

, Don‘t do a. thing about buying Light-

, ning Rods until youget my Proposition. I

have rm entirely New Plan—a complete

, System direct to you with full instruo

, ‘ i tions forinstailing. Easy to put up.

‘ Buy Direct—0n Trial—Freight. Prepaid.

System guaranteed satisfactory or your

. money back. Just. write men. postal er-

sonally for our Proposition and F El:

Catalog which makes every thing plain.

J . A. SCOTT, Pres dent.

The J. A. Scott Company

Dept. J. Detroit. ich.





‘. , ~~ “RANGER” BIIIYIILES





Have implorted roller chains, sprockets and

,- edals; ew Departure Coaster-Brakes and



gluon; Puncture Proof Tires; highest grade

equipment and many advanced features

possessed by no other wheels. Guaranteed





Fr 5 years.

‘ '. ‘cTonY PBIGE are less than





others ask for chen. wheels. Other reli-

' able models from 12 up. A few good





 

 

 

 

 

 





 





direct to you





 

 

 

 

 

 





, ascend-hand machines ’3 to o.

10 DAYS’ FREE “Hill ‘3: ”fl!





,

\’ provnl, freight prepaid, an wherein U. 8.

without a cent in advance. ”0 N0; BUY abicycle

or a. pair of tires from anyone at any price until

you get our big new catalog and special prices and a mar-

velous new ofi'er. A postal brings everything. Write it now.

S Coaster-Brake Rear Wheels. lumpinparts

and sundries halfusual prices. Rider Agents

everywhere are coining money selling our bicycles. tires

and sundries. Write today.





MEAD cche co. DEPT.A-77 cmcnoo

DAISY FLY KILLER '33:: gram;





flies. Neat, clean, 01.

namental, convenient,

Cheap. Louis all

season. Made of

metal, can’t spill or tip

over; will not soil or

injure anything.

Guaranteed effective,

Sold by dealers, 0;]

o sent prepaid ior 51.





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   





 





It



treshens and strengthens



the delicate tissues. Should form a part

of the daily tallet. Booklet free.





25c SOLD EVERYWHERE 25¢





JOHN L. THOMPSON. SONS 8500.

161-5 River St.. Troy. N. Y.





 





Learn Auctioneering





At the world‘s greatest school and become inde-

pendent. Torm opens July 29m. Write today

for catalog. JONES NAT’L H .

2874 Washington Blvd., Chicago. Carey M. Jones, Pres.





ANTED FOR U S. ARMY—Able-bodied. un-



married men. between 3 es of 18 and

citizens of United States. of good character and tom

per-ate habits. who can 9 , read and write the En-



lish lan go. For information 13ng to Reormtm



5mm, fl riswold 8t... Detroit, .' Heavenric

Block. Saginaw. Mich; Corner list & Saginaw 8th.;

Flint. Mich: 144 West Main 8%.. Jackson. Mich;

Enron and Quay Sta, Port. Huron. Mich.





o





 





ANTED—Post Ofiioe Clerks, City and Rural Carriers.

Thousands needed. aminations soon. Trial Ex-

amination Free. Write today. Ozment, 17 R. St. Louis.





MENTION t2; assistants“ ""—





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





know about which the comrades do not

remember, perhaps never heard of.”



“Tell us the story,” said Ernest, put-



ting down his flowers and sitting on the

grass bv the side of his grandfather, for

he knew there was a story by the far-

away look on Mr. Darling's face.

, "It was long ago, but I was young and

,strong then. lClhan Gray and his two

teens, Byron and Sammie, enlisted. it

{was the breaking out of the Rebellion and

:thcy expected to be. home again inside of

three months. In fact most people thought

at that time that it Would justwbe a play—

spell to conquer the rebels and bring

them back into the Union. Mrs. Gray

was left alone on a rented farm to do the

work and take care of the stock. She did

her best with the crops, but of course

could not raise enough to pay the rent the

first year.



“inside of three months Ethan was

killed in battle. She bore up bravely for,

though he. was buried on the field, she

tried to ieimonber that many other wom—

en were suffering even more than she.

Again came sad news. Byron Gray was

shot while on picket duty. Mrs. Gray

looked paler and very aged now, but she

worked on, trying to keep up the place

until Sammie should come home. I went

often to help her in the field, though, as

my father was in the army, I had little

time to spare. .



“Again ill( country needed more troops

‘and, though I was still young, 1 enlisted

and went soutu. Before going I called on

.Mrw. Gray to bid her good—by. I noticed

how slender Sllt‘ looked and how sad, even



3with tlee smile which she were to hide

her tears.

‘ "‘1 am going to endure everything,’ she

said, ‘it‘ Sammie is only spared, but if he

is killed I cannot stand that, even for my

ceuntry. I wculd have no one to live for

and I should surely die.’



"A few months later when I learned

through the papers that Samuel Gray had

been shot in the thick of battle while our

troops were making a charge. I thought

of the poor broken—hearted mother left.

alone to weep her tears uncomforted.



“I was taken prisoner soon after and at

the close- of the war returned home to

learn that the \Vidow Gray had survived

Sammie but a few months and had been

buried in the pottcrs’ field, as she had

no means and nothing could be found to

defray evcn burial expenses. these being

paid by the neighbors."



“Now children, as the carriage is ready

We will go and decorate the grave where

a noble woman sleeps."



Soon the old veteran and the two silent

children passed solemnly among the

graves where little flags told that here

brave soldiers were sleeping. On they

went and through a little gate into the

potters’ field. Here, in one corner, they

found a grave overgrowu with grass and

weeds. The hired man took the sickle

which ‘he had brought and cut down the

weeds and grass, carrying them away





 





 





while Mable made a wreath of Mock





Orange boughs, and some bouquets of

violets, to lay upon the sunken. grave.

Their work was nearly completed when

the veterans, with music and banner,

came, bearing flowers to decorate the sol-

diers’ graves. Pausing wherever a flag





~.f-luttered to lay down a floral offering,





they drew near to the potters’ field and

saw Mr. Darling and the children busy in

their work of love. The chaplain came

through the little gate to speak to the

lame veteran, while the old comrades

gathered arOund.



“Is this a soldier’s grave which has

never been marked?” inquired the com-

mander.



“No, but it is the graVe of one of the

heroines of the Civil war,” answered the

old soldier with a sad smile.



Then he told the story of Mrs. Gray as

he had previously told it to Mable and

Ernest. \Vhen he, had finished a com—

mand was given and, one by one, the old

soldiers passed through the little gate

and gathered about the grass-grown

grave, each piling upon it a handful of

spring flowers until it was almost hidden

from sight. Then bats were removed and

the chaplain made a prayer which told

how veterans remember the mothers who

stayed at home to pray and to weep.



Then the commander said, “We will

add the name of ltebecca Gray to our

list of honored (lead, the G. A. R. will

purchase a stone to mark her resting

place, and each year, so long as we dec—

orate comradcs’ graves. this one shall be

ieincmberetd. “’0 one much'to you,

Comrade Darling, for reminding us of this

sacred duty.”



“Not to me, but to these children. an—

swered the old soldier. “They wished to

do something in memory of the heroes of

the war and led me to think of this lone

grave. on the hillside.”



An hour later, as the-y were again

grouped under the apple tree, their

grandfather told other stories of the war,

but they thought they would remembcr

always the one about Mrs. Gray, since

they had seen her grave and helped to

place her name upon the roll of our

country’s heroes. ‘





HITTING THE BULL’S-EYE.

I





n





 





 





BY HOWARD DWIGHT SMILEY.



The old house was haunted, the neigh-

bors averred, and it certainly looked the

putt, setting back among the big trees

with its glassless windows and all over-

grown with vines and the yard waist deep

with weeds.



Both Minnie and I laughed at that idea

of course. The place was a splendid bar-

gain. with its twenty acres of land. a

fair barn and chicken coop. A mighty

good grab, we thought, for three hundred

dollars, and we told the neighbors that

we leckoned we could put up with the

ghost all right 11‘ he minded his own bus-

iness and let us alone.



I guess the oWner, Miss Nelson, was





glad enough to get that price! for the

place, because she, hadn’t been able. to





even rent it since her brother, old George

Nelson, died, after livfilg alone in the Old

house for chr thirty years.



\Ve heard a heap about Nelson from the

neighbors. It was his ghost that haunted

the place, they said. Crazy old miser.

who wouldn't even be civil to those about

him or let them come near him. I’oor as

a church mouse, too, although they neVer

understood why he hadn’t been able to

make a good living off his farm, which

was an exceptionally good one. They

said it would have really been a relief to

have him gone if it wasn’t for his ghost

capering around and scaring daylights

out of folks every once in a while.



They seemed so cock-sure about it that

Minnie and I kind ’0 looked for the old

fellow the first few weeks, but as time

Went by and he didn’t show up we grad-

ually forgot about him, and I guess the

neighbors did, too, as they stopped ask-

ing if we‘d seen him yet.



\Vell. I fixed up the old house myself,

with a daub of paint here and a nail

there, until I had it in ship shape. Min-

nie, who is mighty handy at fixings, pa-

pered some of the rooms and tacked up

seme little knick—knacks on the walls

that brightened things up considerable.





One stunt I thought was mighty cute;

she found an old Sunday newspaper and

on the back of one part was a full page

picture in colors, called "Autumn.” which

showed a big marsh with trees around it

and a flock of wild ducks flying across

the sky.



Minnie cut these ducks out and stuck

them up on the wall of the little den

she’d fixed up for us to sit in evenings.

She strung them out clear across the-

room so that they looked for all the world





MAY 25, '1912.





A DAUGHTER OF MARS.





BY MRS. M. B. RANDOLPH.





Across her .breast a kerchief,

(Fair mode of by-gone daY)

Across her brow deep furrows ‘

Neath cap and locks of gray;

Across the spicy orchards

The young May winds at play.

In the sunlight, dreaming,

She sits at farm-house door,

Old, and bent, and wrinkled—

Dame Margie—ninety-four.





 





It is the land’s Memorial day;

Its dead sons are her guests;

The living slowly wend their way

Past vales and wooded crests

To meet again in silent halls

Those guests that make no sign,

Tho’ wreathed with laurels year by year

And toasted with love’s wine.





The whistling bugle rends the air,

The measured beat of drum,



As o’er the hill her townsmen now

With gallant feathers come;



Still farther from the door she leans

To hail the passing stars-—



Dame Margie, old and bent and wan,

The child of many wars.



\Vith withered hand uplifted

She makes the rev’re‘nt sign:



“I greet thee, flag, for grandsire, he

W'ho fought at Brandywine.”





Along the quiet countryside

All gallantly they come;



More shrill the wailing bugle’s sound,

More deep the' moaning drum,



Again the feeble hand stands out

Against the May-morn lights:



“I hail thee, flag, for my brave sire

“he fell on Queevnstown Heights.”





On, on, they come: with martial tread—-

Her townsmen down the way—



Once more the trembling hand salutes

The stars that kiss the day:



“This, this,” she cries with streaming



eyes,



“For him in youth I wed;



Alas! My knight who dreamless lies

\Vith Buena Vista’s dead.”





Still closer now the banners come;

Their wav’ring shadows fall



Across the gate; more deep the drum,

More shrill the bugle’s call.



(love more the rev’rent hand salutes:

(A kiss the fingers sealed);



She scarce can whisper, “For my boy

On Chickamauga field.”





Beyond the gate and far away,

With measured step they go;

She cannot see the floating stars



Nor hear the bugle blow;



But still she totters to her feet,

Her white lips tense with pain:

“This last,” she sighs, “for thee,



babe. _.

On Santiago’s plain."





.—-— D





Her kinsmen from the green halls come---l

The green halls of the dead—



VVhen brimming urns of eloquence

Poured love’s wine rich and red.



They tell her of the songs they sung,

And how they twined the brows



0f loyal dead; the words they speak

No answers can arouse;



They take her hand; they Strive to 100k

\Vithin responsive eye;



They call her name; naught but the Wind

Gives back a low reply.



Day declines; the sunset dies;

The ruddy light of Mars



Gilds lifeless brow of Margery,

The child of many wars.





 





 





like a flock of live ones making for the

feeding ground.



After all this we still had a hundred

dollars left from the little nest-egg we. had

saved up when the doctor fired us out of

the city on account of Minnie’s health,

and we put nearly all of it into a. flock

of chickens, for that was the idea we had

when we took the place, to raise chickens

for the eggs. We figured that at the high

price they were bringing we could make

a nice little income out of the. hens after

we got started.



Things looked mighty rosy, I can tell





you. Minnie and I both pitched in and by

October We had a nice clean flock of

three hundred. chickens, with half of





them laying regular; and besides, we had

the place nicely cleaned up and a, goodly

supply of winter vegetables put away in

the cellar. There was a number of old

dead trees on the place and I had cut

these up into firewood, so we figured that

we’d go through the winter very nicely

and have a good start when spring came.



And then one day cholera took the

chickens and inside of a week every last

one was dead.



I tell you We felt pretty blue. We were

depending on the eggs to keep us in

groceries and other things, and now that

the hens were gone and winter nearly on

us We didn’t know what to do.



Still we weren’t going to give up With-

out a fight, and I determined to find a,

job somewhere so as to earn enough to

keep us going through the winter, and

we figured that in the spring we could

make a. fresh start somehow,



There was a big saw-mill about four

miles away, where I might find work, and

one morning I started for there on foot. ?

\Ve hadn’t been able to buy a horse yet. :



I didn’t get much encouragement at the ’l





l
- ”v-





 





 





 





MAY"25H'1912 ' ..

min. / The boss must have seen that I

was a city man and inexperienced for he

told me he had a full force of men and

didn’t think he'd need any more that

winter



’When I got home again Minnie was

waiting for me at the gate. As soon as

I saw her face I knew something had

happened while I was away.



“XVhat‘s the matter?” I asked.



She came close to me, put her hands on

my shoulders and looked up into my eyes

with a funny little expression.



“VVe’ve got company, Jim," she said.



‘ “Pshaw, is that so!" I exclaimed with a

grin, although I felt a little dismayed at

the thought of entertaining company in

our present circumstances. “Who it is?"



“It’s Uncle Jerry,” she answered with a

dubious little twitch of her nose, as if

that should explain it all.



“Who's Uncle Jerry?"

was still in the dark.



“Papa’s brother." she answered, com-

ing closer and putting her little brown

head against my breast so I couldn’t see

her eyes “I guess you never heard of

him, Jim. I—you see—well, we mever

talked about him much at home—he! was

never home much."



Well, I saw right off that this was a

relation she was ashamed of; but I didn’t

want her to think I cared and started

,right in to cheer her up.



“Never mind,” I said, patting her head;

“I guess We can stand him all right, see-

ing he‘s your uncle. Where is he- now?”



“He‘s—he's up to the house asleep, and

he's—«he’s drunk, Jim.”



Her voice broke at this and she began

to sob on my shirt front.



“Oh, sugar, girlie!" I cried, giving her

shoulder a little shake. “What do you

care? You didn’t get him drunk. Come

along and we’ll go \up and see him."



I put my arm around her and led'. her

into the house. Hei was sitting in the

big rocker, slouched down, with his feet

stuck up on the sewing machine and

snoring like a buzz—saw.



When I looked him pover I didn't blame

Minnie for feleling‘ ashamed. He was a

big hulking brute with red whiskers

sticking out of his fat bloated face; his

clothes were dirty and pretty ragged, and

the backs {of his hands and wrists were

all covered with tattoo marks.



Thelre was a big flask, partly filled with

whiskey, protruding from his inside coat

pocket and the first thing I did was to

gently take possession of this, for, al-

though I hadn't been properly introduced,

I could see that he had about all he could

comfortably tote, and didn’t have any

scruples about taking the balance, al-

ihought I had no idea of touching the

stuff myself.



“How’d he ever find out‘ that we lived

here?" I whispered.



“Aunt Mary told him. qI-Ie says he

don't know but that he'll spend the win—

ter here.”



“Oh, he; does, does he?” I said a little

grimly, for I didn’t relish the thought of

having this specimen around; the place,

even if he was Minnie's uncle.



“Of course we can’t have. him," said

Minnie quickly. “He’s not a. bad lSOI‘t

when he's sober, but he :has always drank

heavily and none of ,us could ever dolany-

thing with him.”



“Have you told him he couldn’t stay?”

I asked.



“Not yet. He acted so funny that I

W218 afraid. I almost believe the man is

out of his head, from the way he‘s been

talking.”



“Well, We'll let him alome for the pres-

ent, girlie,” I said as lightly as I could.

“Let him stay a day or two until he gets

sobcrcd up and the booze out of his sys-

tem and then I’ll have a talk with him.

Vi'hen he is himself again and can under-

stand our circumstances, he'll very readily

see that we can't take care of him."



The fellow remained fairly quiet until

we began eating Slipper; then he started

moaning and mumbling and shortly woke

up a little and felt for his flask.



Not finding it he sat up slowly and

stared around the room with bleary eyes.

He didn’t seem to realize where he! was

until Minnie spoke and asked him if he

wanted some supper. Then he got un-

steadily onto his feet and stumbled' out

into the room, where he saw me for the

first time.



”Who's this guy?” he demanded, after

leering at me for a minute.



“This is Jim, Uncle Jerry," answered

Minnie, rising from the table and step-

ping to his side to steady him,'fof he was

pretty wobbly. “Hadn’t you better sit

down again, uncle? You don't seem to

be very steady." '



“Where’s my bottle?"

again feeling clumsily

pockets. —





I asked, for I





he mumbled,

through his





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





“Jim has taken care of it " answered

Minnie gently. “We don’t think you

ought to drink any more. tonight, Uncle

Jerry."



“Oh, you don’ t, hey?” he (growled. “Say.

you," he roared. turning savagely on me,

“gimme that bottle before I hand you

one!"



Of course I refused. at which he be—

came very abusive. and used some pretty

strong language, It made me pretty hot

under the collar and I was half inclined

to throw him out of the house, but held

my temper for Minnie' s sake. I could see

that she was taking this scene very much

to heart.



After awhile. when he saw' that his

threats did no good, the fellow got mand-

lin and began to beg.



“Give me just one little drink," lie

sniveled', pitifully. “I‘m sicker’n’ a hoirsc,

and I’ll die sure if you don’t."



Well, I saw that he was in a bad way;

he must have been. drinking jolt months.

judging from his condition, so I measured

him out a potion in a teacup and let him

swallow it.



This seemed to quiet him and after

awhile he permitted us to lead him up-

stairs to the den where he lay down on

the cot, which was the only spare bed we

had. He at once dropped off into a trou-

bled sleep and Minnie covered him with

a quilt, after which we left him. I took

the precaution to lock the door, however.

so he couldn’t get loose: and go prowling

around the house in case he woke up.



\N'e heard nothing more from him that

evening, and we retired at our usual

hour. I guess it must have been about

two o’clock when l was awakened by

Minnie shaking me gently.





“\Vhat's the matter, girlie?" I asked





sleepily.



“Uncle Jerry." she whispered. “He's

making an awful noise."



I roused up at this news and sure





enough I could hear him jumping nround

the den and rumbling and hissing to him-

self in a most uncanny manner.



Minnie didn't want to let inc go, but I

slipped out of bed and into my trousers,

then iiptoed down the hall to the dcn

door. This 1 softly unlocked and, opening

it a little, pooped in.



I saw right off that I had a crazy man

to deal with. The fellow had lighted the

(andle we had left on the table, so it was

light enough to see what was going on.

lie had my double-barreletd shotgun,

which always stood in the corner of the

den, and I remembered with a sickening

feeling that 'I had neglected to remove

the cartridges the last time I used it. He

had both barrels at full cock and was

stepping stoalthily about the room in

stooping posture, peering warily about as

if in search of something.



“I'll [get ’em," he kept mumbling to

himself. “'l'hcy’rc under the bed, now,

but l'il get ’em in a minute." and he went

rambling off into a lot of talk. I couldn’t

understand



Pietty soon he stxaightcned up and his

eyes went leering around the room for a

minute and stopped at a point just' over

the cot, as if he saw what he was looking

for there



"Look at the ducks! Look at the

ducks!" he yelled suddenly, and before I

realized what was coming he threw the

gun to his shoulder and fired both barrels

at the wall. -



He must have been pretty weak, for

the recoil bowled him over, and before

he could recover himself I had him pin—

ned down. He was too weak to offer

much resistance, and after Minnie had

brought me some rope I had but little

trouble in tying him securely.



“This fellow's going to jail!" I panted

grimly when I had finished.



“Oh, no, Jim,"r protested Minnie.

won't have to do that. will we?"



“We sure will, girlie.” I answered ear—

nestly. “I can take care of myself all

right. but there's no telling what a man

with the delirium tretnens will do, and

I’m not taking any chances of you get-

ting hurt.”



She offered no further objection. and.

after making sure he couldn’t get loose, I

hustled down the road to Steve Conkling's

farm and roused him out. As soon as I

explained the situation he hitched right

up and drove over to the house, where

we bundled Uncle Jerry into the wagon,

raving and swearing. and covered him

with blankets. Inside of an hour we had

reached town and had him safe in the

lock—up and a doctor there.



When I got back home I found Minnie

up and dressed and looking mighty funny.

She wouldn't say anything until she had

led me up to the den. Then for the. first

time I 'had a chance to see what damage

had been done by the gun shots.



I wasn’t long in figuring it out. In look-





”We





 





 





 





611 '

,ll , , IllllllllllfllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllll





(19)





Sprinkle Old Dutch

Cleanser on a rag or

brush, rub pail thor-

oughly, rinse well and

the pail is spiel: and

span— “sweet" and





hygienically clean.





Milli“





Contains no caustic,

alkali or acid to harm





the hands.





1d Dut

leanser ch





Many uses and

full directions (in large

Sifter-Can 10c





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





lllllllllllllllllllllllllllHllHHHlllHlIHHIHIHilllHHHHHHHlllHlHHHHIIIHHIIIHHH





 





 





successful farmers now

bear testimony to the

soil, climate, water





50





unexcelled





supply, health, educational and

social advantages offered by the





ccos Valley





New Mexico=Texas.





There is room for otherthousands on

the land where water has been de—

veloped. Take advantage of this

opportunity.





Go down at once and buy before the normal increase in

population sends the price of land up.



Get this profit for yourself.



The soil and climate are all that can be desired, water for

irrigation is assured and abundant, the home market, i. e..

New Mexico and Texas, takes all the crops produced at





good prices. The schools are unexcclled anywhere, while

clubs, churches, etc, are there for your enjoyment.





Wouldn’t such a prospect please you?



I believe that it would.



You and your family will be richer, healthier and happier.

You will have friends, an assured income, a bank account





and a chance to make a place in the world for the young

folks.





Let me send you our new book- folder





0. L. Seagraves, Gen. Colonization ent,

2293 Railway Exchange Chicagdlg





 





 





 





 





 





When writing to advertisers mention The lichigan Farmer.
612 (201





ing around the room Uncle» Jerry had

spied Minnie’s paper ducks and, to his

bleared and distorted vision, they must

have appeared to be alive and flying.



He did a bum job, for he overshot the

ducks by two feet and the charges had

Itorn a ragged hole through the lath and

plaster, 11p near the ceiling.



“I‘hew!” l whistle-d. “That was a nasty

shot. but I guess we're lucky it wasn’t

worse.”



“Jimmy, dear,” said Minnie, with a

funny little smile, “l believe that shot

was the luckiest thing that ever hap—

pened to us!”



“Lucky!" I cried in' astonishment

“Why. what do you mean?”



For an answer she throw back the quilt





 





1.111 the cot, uncovering a heap of dusty

grecnhacks and gold coins that would

have tilled a peck measure.



“Vthrw—11d1ere on earth did you get

those?" 1 gasped in amazement.



“Out of the hole, Jimmy,” she laughed.

"1 took the trouble to look in there after

you had gone and found them. There

seems to be some sort of a tin receptacle

hatk oi the plaster in which they were

lying.”



On investigation 1 found this to be the

case. and that same night I climbed up

inlo the little attic and found a cleverly

.1r1a‘11ged board that could be raised so

as to drop the money into the receptacle,

which was about tWo iect deep.



“Will," said i, aittr we had made these

discoveries, “l'ncle .lerry certainly hit the

IIIIIl's—cyc that lilllt'! This money must

hav.‘ horn old man Nelson's; the neigh-I

hors said he 11:1s always something oi :1

1111scr. you know. l suppose we will have;

to give it up ardfi"



“No we, won't, .lirnmy, broke in Min-

llic. with sparkling t'_\'t‘S. “You know Miss.

Nelson died two months after we bought

the placc, and she was tllt‘ only heir lol

the old man's estate. The money is ours. I

and it is going to start as all over

again.”



And that proved to be the case in the

end. \Ve counted the money and found:

that it amounted to $2,700, which is 1101‘

to ”no snccmd at, even if it does sound:

small ior hidden treasure. .



it isn’t so small now, for it, seemed to‘

Ining us luck and has g1own rapidly,

while we have one of the best stockch

chicken iarms in this section of the state. I





n





I





.As for I’ncle Jcriy, after he had recov—

ered from his attack of the tre-mcns, I

had a good talk with him. As he, was1

pretty sick, I didn't have much trouble

in persuading him to go to a good institu- 3

tion, at my expense, where they treat;

cast-s of thronic inchriety. After he had I

taken the treatment he returned to us‘

and has been my right hand man on the

iarm ever since, and a right good one, too

~5‘o it was a good shot all around,





SMILE PROVOKERS.





 





“You speak of tVturybody having a mis-

sion. What is yours?”



“My mission." said the parson, “is to

saw. young men.”



“Hood," replied the girl, “l'm glad to

meet you. I wish you‘d save one for me."





 





lsaac (who has just recovered from ty—

phoid): “Doctor. you have charged me

Mr four weeks’ calls; 1 viii pay for only

llllCt wet-ks.“



llot-II‘r: “Hut 1 callt'd (.11 you every day

for four weeks, Mr. lsaac."



lsaac: “Yell. dere was one “(ck l was

delirious and I didn’t see you come in.”





 





The I("{l(ll€l‘ asked. “\thn did Moses

live.”



After the silcnce had lll'COlllC painful

shc ordered. “Upon your Old Testaments.

What does it say?”



A boy answertd, “Moses, 4000.”



“Now," said the teacher, “why didn’t

you know when Moses lived?”



”\Vell." replied the Iro)’. “I thought it

was his telephone number."





WHISTLE ALONG.





 





BY IVAN E. BAKER.





When you get 11p feeling tired and blue.

.Iust whistle along!





if the whole world somehow seems 'gainst





you.

Just whistle along!‘

At the first glad peep of morning sun,

Go earnestly to 10111 work undone,

It will prove the b(Sf, and be more fun.

To 11histle along





If you‘re out of sorts an' out of cash.

Just whistle along!

There‘s mighty small chance to cut a

dash.

So whistle along!

Put muscle and mind and heart at work;

Leave bullies, burns and sin in the lurk;

Be up and doing, and never shirk—

And whistle along.





 





 

 

 

 

 

   

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

 

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 





There are many

kinds of culverts—concrete,

brick, stone, tile, metal, etc. But there‘s

only one Culvert that will endure under every

condition—in every climate—winter and summer.

And that’s American Ingot Iron Corrugated Culvert—

the choice of the biggest railroads.





Why They Last





American Ingot Iron Corrugated Culverts are stronger. 29 times

over, than ordinary smooth metal pipe of the same thickness. Tests

have proved this. These Culverts are not made of steel, but American

Ingot Iron, guaranteed 99.84% pure. Steel, 011 account of its impurities,

rusts and corrodes quickly. American Ingot Iron, due to its purity, resists

rust many years. This is why American Ingot Iron Culverts outlast steel cul-

verts many times over. Unlike concrete, brick, stone or tile, this culvert is

not damaged by frost. Durability endorsed byU. S. Dept. of Agriculture.





 

 

 

 





 





   





 





This staunch, durable, corrugated metal culvert is displacing concrete,

brick, stone and tile culverts everywhere. First cost low—mainte-

nance nothing. Easy to handle and install.





Make Spring Floods Harmless





Heavy Spring floods are harmless if American Ingot Iron Cor-

rugated Culverts are used. They will not wash out, crac





 





 





Write





 

 





 





to the or break in freshet time as bridges and other culverts

NeaTQSt do. because the earth packs firmly in the deep cor- I,

Manufac- rugations. Look for the triangle trademark on





every section—thi s proves that it is gen-

uine AmeriCan Ingot Iron. Ob-

tainable only from manufac-

turers named below.





turer, Now





Ask for full informa-

tion and prices. Any

maker named here will

ladly send particulars. Tell

him your road troubles and plans

and he’ ll send you expert ldvice. Write tonight—sure.

Dixie Culvert & Metal Co... Little Rock. Ark; North- East Metal Culvert

Atlanta. Ga Co., Nashua N. H.

California Corrugated Culvert. 00., Lot-1 Ange- Pennsvlvunia Metal Culvert

les. 0111.; West. Berkeley, Cul: Reno, Nev. Co. . Flemilngton,N ..-J .,





 

 

 

 

 

 





Colorado Ingot. Iron Pipe & Flume 00., 0010- Warren.

rudo Si lugs. Colo Economy Culvert. Company,

D( 1ahiwurt Metal Culvert 00., Clayton. Del.Aul1urn.





Illinois Corr. Metal 00.. Bloomington. Nebraska Culvert. & Mf. 9C0. Lin-

W. Q 0‘ NeallCompuny: Crawfordsville. Ind. .coln. Nob.- , thoo,

P111111 (1 ton Shet t. Metal 00.. Princeton Ind. Ohio Corru uted (‘1liulvelrt Clo. Middletown, Ohlo

Fort Dodge Culvert. 00.. Fort. Dodge lows American oilingM 1.00. Middletown. Ohio

Independence thirruguted Culvert 00., Inde- ()klnhomnCorruguted lClhlvertCou Shawnee Okla.

pcntlence. Sé curity Vault: & Metal Works Portland. Ore.

The Road Supply a& Metal Co.. Topeka Kan. Sioux Falls Metal CulvertOoq SiouxFalls.S .Dak.

K11 ntuckv Culvert. Compum. Buechcl, K1. Atlas Metal Works. Dallas. Texas

New England MetnlCulvertCo.. P11Imer,Mass. Lone Star Culvert. Company. Houston. Texas

Western Metal Mfg 00.. El Pnso. Texas

Tennessee Metal Culvert. .00. ..

Nash ville. Tenn.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Spencer Havre ‘de Grace d.

Michi nu Bridge& a 0.,0 Lansm Mich.

Burk iver Bruid 8&P ulvertCo.. Bar River,

L ic .; d fibre. lVis ‘C L l Utag Culvert mlCompany, Woods

lie Corr-.1 rite ulverts 0111 any. y e. ms 8.0

inn Minneapolis, nn. p Vir inin Metal “Culvert 00..

Corrugated Culvert Company. Moberly. M0. oanoke.

ontana Culvert Company. Missouln. Mont. 8901119118 Corrugated CUI-

Northm Carolina. Metal Culvert. Co. Greeni- vex-t. & Ta nk Co. ., Spo-





kane. Wash.

Northwestern Sheet & Iron Works. Wahpe. Wisconsin Culvert. 00..

ton. N. Dak.

l""l“"l “IIIII IIIIIII "' IIIIIIIIII IIIIIII

IIll

III III II ‘IIII IIIH'lI

IIIIII III III IIII III III III I IIIIllII

lll‘IIIII IIIII'





MHdlbOn,W18.

IIIIIIIIIIII IIII ..

III 'I‘III

IIIII IIH "lI

I'"IIf"

gal





American Ingot Iron May Beg Had

In Sheets-Plates—Formed Products





 





IIIIIII Save All Dealer’s



Profits and Get the

Biggest Selection of

New Style Buggies in

America Here





ALL Phelps asks of you is to write

a postal for your copy of his own

big 1912 book. It s waiting for you, fresh

from the printer. He pays the postage.

[Phelps shows you real buggy values. He

knows. And he knows how to make you a

judge of strong points and weak spots on any

job. The book is the largest and best showroom

of exclusive up—to-date styles in America. Shows



more than 25 dealers could—but no Ijob lots.



or quantity lots. made‘ Hcheap ’ to sell‘ cheap.”





SPLIT

HICKORY

VEHICLES





Phelps makes you a better buggy

than sold by others—highest grade





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 





 





made—and guarantees to save you Road

H c Phel 8 Pres all middlemen s profits an average of

' ' p ‘ ' 025. Wand up. You can take your choice Test





and test on the road

any of his big line, 30 days at his risk.

Auto»Seat Buggies — Surreys —- Car-

riages _ Runabouts — Driving

Carts—Spring Wagons, etc.—

made- to order —— with any

choice otfinlsh trimmings,

upholstery etc. ,allof best

grade quality of we; k-

manship and materials.





Write (1 Postal

to Phelps Today

Pbelps' Book tells you

how and why split—(not

sawed) triple A grade

straight grained Hickol'y

in his buggy wheels and

running gears has made

his buggy sales the largest

in America direct from fac-

tory at factory prices. Write

a postal for the Book Free to—



Save $25.0





‘7 Ound '

. .Ph I P a. ThachloCu-rln 0M .00. I

geirgeotgupggy' Fitz-:10 in the World Selling Dir?“ to zfnnumer up on this ’912 More '8 on. 0' ’26





   





_ New Styles. Guar-

sullen 32, Column-bun. Ohio Auto Seat Buggy anteed 2 Your"





 





Please mention the Michigan Farmer when you

are writing to advertisers and you will do us a favor.





MAY .25, 1912.





The Aermotor with the auto»

matic regulator stops when

the tank is full and

. starts when the

1- ‘ . more water is lowered 4

.:' »\ inches. Ycu oil it



’ once a week. A

gasoline engine has to be

started and stopped and oiled

and attended almost constantly.

and you have large expense for

gasoline and oil. The wind is

. ree.



We make gasoline engines (exceedingly

good ones) but. for the average water supply

for the home and 150 head of stock. an 8-100:

Aermotor with a. storage tank. —wblch is a.

necessity with any kind of water supply—is

all that. is needed and is by far the more

economical. The supply of wind for the Aer-

motor is more to be. relied upon than the supply

of gasoline. batteries and repairs tor the gaso-

line engine. .



The cost. of gasoline. oil. batteries and re-

pairs in pumping for 150 head of stock with a

gasoline engine. will buy an 8-foot. Aermotor

every year. and you are still to the bad the

amount. of time you spend over the gasoline

engine.



But. the gasoline engine has its place on the

farm notwithstanding the fact that 100 people

are maimed or killed with gasoline where one

is injured by a windmill. and that: 100 farm

buildings are burned with gasoline where none

is injured by a Windmill. For the water supply.

the windmill is the thing. Thousands of farmers

who ave done their first power. pumping by a.

28.90 ne engine have become tired 011: and are

buying windmms. That. is one reason why our

windmill business increases from year to year.

We can furnish you much testimony like the

I following:





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





'1 Devlne,‘l'ex., Dec. 16. 1911.

I umsending you I photo-



grap ph of one or the oldest



‘ windmills in this country-1

it; being the first Aermotor

put: up in Medina County—-

and is used to furnish water

for hundreds of head of cat.-

tle. Itwasputupinthayenr

1889 and is owned by Mr.

Murdo Monroe. The only

repairs this mill has ever

needed are one small gear

and a rocker arm, theta

coat of which was” This

Aermotor is still mi

doing good serv ce. turns

lug 11114117911 for cattle and

tom y



LOUIS GACONET.





Find. if you‘can. astute-

ment. like this regarding

gasoline engines.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Of course, there are places where a windmill

cannot be used. There you will htWe to use a.

gasoline engine. with all or its dis vantages.

We will furnish for that. place a. am 11 engine

which costs but. $37. 50 complete. so it can be not.

to pumping in 80 minutes. Or we wmturnluh

you a. pump jack—the beat; made—tofu“). to

do pumping with a. larger gasoline engine.



Semi for catalogue giving full information

ghouthwaflter suppg. klAermgttir 00.. Chicago.



ranc ouses 9. 11nd,; .. QWC 1W.

Mo.: Minneapolis.an ‘ 1‘





 





BaleYour Hay Quicker





( d

OneMun andOne m Cheaper





Horse cancanily and quickly

bale all the buy on your farm.

Then bale your ncl hborl’ and et

51.7 a ton—MAX 1110 110th

BESIDES REGULAR WORK.

The only Successful Sell-Threading,

Self—ticinz, 1-man. 1- horse. self-lccdin

hay press on the mnrket. Has open-aide

per—make: smooth, clean bales.

Powerful and durable in construction. Every machine

guaranteed. Free trial. Write today for full description.





GEO. ER'l‘EL co.. 265 Kentucky SL. Quincy. Ill.





ll-Loading Hay Rac





ONE MAN

DOES IT ALL.





Works on any wagon

with any make loader.

Let your brains do your

work. Make‘ more hay

with half the help. Also

WIRE REELERS and

ROLLER HARROWS. write





JAS. G. BAILEY, Delavan, Ill.





PIRE FENCE





Get the genuine EMPIRE big

wire fence, direct, at wholesale.

Save dealer’s profits.

Big Factory, Big

Sales. 23 Styles

No traveling salesmen small

expense. prices low Every-

n'g guaranteed Free samples by

mail. Prices of leading styles frel ht pro-

paid to all points north of the 0 lo and

east of the Mississippi River: -—

Wlm lnohoahlgh Medium Weight Ema huvymi No.9)

9 39 230 per rod 860 per rod

10 17 260 per rod 40c per rod

12 65 820 per rod 18¢ per rod

Special rates beyond this territory.





Bonn STEEL rosr co.. 16 1. lane. 51.. Adrian. mg.

' THE LARGEST AND BE" ”NB OF ‘1





WELL DRILLING,





MAG“ I N E R Yb in America. We

lug it for over 20 years. Do noivgugeggmzzfi





see our new Illustrated Catalo .

for l tnow. It Is Fm 2110 N0 14.





 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 

 

 





 





 

 

 

 

 

   

 

   

 





 





 





 





Auslln Manufacturing 90., china





 

 





 





 





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M3 -.,. .,..





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