_The Only Weekly Agricultural, Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State.

micmflgim'} DETROIT, MICH» SATURDAY, SEPT. 7, 1912. Small YEAR.





$2.75 5 YEARS.





Harvest Seenes In Western Michigan





 





 





 





 





o





‘A Busy Day at “Cherry Crott.’£‘arm," Owned by J_ G. Mills, Grand Traverse '00. One Crop of Cherries from the Tree in the Foreground Brought M. J. Gilmore $32.





 





 





 





 





Typical Western Michigan Duchess Apple Tree, Orchard of Frank Smith. Packing Fruit in Orchard of Frank





 





 





 





 





—4- a...“ -N





.' Packing Cherries for Shipment On the B. J. Morgan Estate, Leelanau County. Much Western Michigan Fruit is Shipped to Destination by Boat.





“Where Fruit With Flavor Grows.”





‘ .
. a two—ton





174

Swampland.





This term is so variable in meaning

!hat one is not safe in predicating a cer-

tain statement about swamp land for

someone will give contradictory evidence

at once, for he and you are referring to

different lands entirely.





(2)





in Huron county is a swamp with

about 18 inches of muck underlaid with

marl and a wonderfully productive soil.

The lime carbonate seems to be a con-





genial habitat for the nitrifying bacteria.

.iere the sugar beet acreage is large and

very productive. It is no uncommon

thing to raise $100 per acre of this crop

our these swamp lands.



In Bav county is swamp land that the

Scotchman described to me as “uncan-

ny." By driving a pipe down gas comes

out that flickers and burns. Here is the

home of the \N'ill~o'—the—\Yisp. Some red-





dish soil is found in these swamps, pre-

sumably iron oxides. Their character

from a, productive standpoint, has

scarcely been determined. although ap-

parently promising.





Clare county has some very productIVe

swamp land and produces great crops of

timothy hay. Here is found more of the

marl deposit which to the swamp land

buyer is always to be regarded as 3 fav—

orable sign. Marl usually contains some

shells, but the bulk of the lime car—

bonate is probably derived from the de-

composition of plants carrying lime. like

1he lime- in ashes. As the plant decom-

poses the organic matter becomes muck

and the lime sinks to the bottom. or if

in open water may drift to a deposit

along the bank. From whatever source

the lime may haVe come it is evidence

that there was lime so essential to grow

plants. and in the “ashes to ashes" of

decay the lime is again at the service of

plant life.



The man who . cares to investigate

swamp lands. by digging holes from two

to five feet deep with a post-hole digger





is agreeably surprised to find marl.

which he never suspected existed The

outer edges of swamps are the more

probable locations. ‘Vhite Specks in ant





hills on swamp lands are from the marl

below.



;\:= a rule, the swamp lands adjoining

river sources are more promising. as the

silt deposited from floods has mingkd

with the, decaying organic matter to mu-

tual advantage. This is the case with

much of the Saginaw rchr swamp land.





There is :1 prevailing opinion that

drained swamp land is the very best of

soil. “if we only bad drainage," then

ideal l and. This is not necessarily true

and many haVc found their timo lost on

crops on mucky soil. “'heat and oats

are weak slrawcd, rust. and do not fill.

(torn is yellow and small and the oc-

casional car has scattering grains. This





is true even when the soil is well drain-

ed. The land is deficient in available

nitrogen, also phosphorus and potassium.

Bacterial life is not at work on even the

unavailable material to any great extent.

(‘lcan muck is antiseptic, like charcoal

which it really is. Stable manure on

muck would'appear like “carrying coals

to Newcastle," but the infection of bac-

teria is very marked in soil improve.-

ment. Swamp land is one place where

caustic lime can be used to advantage

as there. is an excess of organic matter

and acid for the alkali to neutralize.





Considering l‘lle advanced price of pro-

lucts it is possible to "build up" swamp

land just as a chemist “symbolizes” a

soil. The farm prospector. whom be ex—

nmines thesc soils, needs to determine

the depth of muck and also the sub—

strata, as to whether it is quicksand or

clay. A quicksund bottom covered with





muck is about as bad a condition as can

be imagined. \\'ashing muck soil as a

gold hunter washcs sand for “colors" will

give one an idea of whether it contains

silt, i. e., clay and sand, by the residue

settling to the bottom.



There are some. rather interesting ex-

periments in the conversion of peat into

alcohol by treatment of the material with

sulphuric acid under pressure to convert

the cellulose. i. e., wood fibre, into glu-

cose. then ferment the glucose and dis-

till. In this manner 215 lbs. of peat con-

taining 14 per cent water will produce

one gallon of absolute alcohol. At the

present time such means of manufacture

are more interesting in showing the ma-

terials swamps are made of than of com-

mercial use. The mechanism and con-

ditions surrounding making alcohol in

this way will lead no one to go to “moon-

shining” in our big swamps for, while

load of peat might make a





barrel of “rectified” or diluted alcohol,





THE MICHIGAN PARMER.





whiskey, the proposition would not work

out in practice. .

Another way of noting the unpromis-

ing character of peat is that the peat

briquettes contain 45 per cent of fixed

carbon, 3.30 per cent of ash, and 27 per

can; of volatile matter. The average

Michigan coal contains 45 per cent car-

bon, 2 per cent ash and 40 per cent vola-

tile matter or gas. The unaccounted per-

centages in each case is moisture. The

mar. Who admires the fine dark peat as

good soil for crops ought to value coal

in the same way, for the analysis, ex-

cept for moisture and gas, is quite sim—

ilar. A good variety of sawdust will car--

ry about 5.2 per cent carbon. and 49 per

cent volatile matter. It is these analyses

of peat and muck. the more decayed

form. which may lead one to value the

swamps less highly than the real estate

man who has swamp land “which, when

drained will make the best farms in the

world.” That most real estate men are

not chemists nor students of soils is an

observation that can safely be made.

It is to be regretted that there is net.

especially in Michigan, more experiment-

al work done on swamp land crops adap-

ted to certain of the most unpromising

types. Cranberries and huckleberries.





l





 





 





celery, peppermint, etc, are swamp land,

crops somewhat out of the usual sched-‘





ule of farm crops. Certain types of

swamp lands are Very productive in sug-

ar bect growing when in the beginning





with this crop they were a. disappoint-

ment, because of What is termed “raw-

ncss” of the soil. The term “raw soil”

covers many conditions but with this





crop it refers more especially to the un-

availability of the mineral elements.

which at first appears in large tops, small





ture before reaction. Well, of course, I

feel better now than I did before, and

bottoms and sprangly roots, together





if the land is of

will continue; if

will





with a low sugar test.

the worst type this

simply “raw" the crop

reach a nominal or

productivity. The point of

is not to assume a failure

crop is below normal.

Shiawassee Co. JAs. N. McBBJDE.





if the first





FARM NOTES.





 





 





Fall Seeding of Alfalfa.



I am thinking of sowing a small piece

cf alfalfa between now and September

“.0. Land was prepared with manure and

a good second growth of sod. Do you

think it advisable?



lngham Co. .



Late fall seeding of alfalfa has not





been practiced to a sufficient extent in

Michigan to determine its practicability.

In some. experiments conducted several

years ago at the Michigan station. in

which alfalfa was sown during every

month of the year when it was practic-

able, it was found that no fixed rule

could be laid down for seeding alfalfa in

any particular season, some seasons the

late seedings making as good a stand as

the earlier ones. In the states to the

south of us, fall seeding has been quite

generally successful where proper prep-

aration has been made for it.



Thr- present se-ason would seem to be

more favorable for late seezlings of al-

falfa than any which has occurred in re-





M. E. P.





cent years, and, in the writer's opinion,

early September seeding would be well

worth a trial this year. No pains, how-





cvcr. should be. spared in making the

seed bed as firm and fine as possible.





llcccntly plowed ground is not a Suitable





plut't‘ for sowing a small seed like alfal-

fa, unless it is exceptionally well firmed

down in oi'dcr to give the roots a better





footing. But with present conditions fav-

oring the quick germination and rapid

grow'h of the plants and, with the prob-

ability of a late fall, if the alfalfa. is got-

ten in by September 10 it should make a

good growth before winter. Then if the

field can be given a light tOp—dressing of

stable manure to protect the alfalfa and

hold the snow there would, in the writ-

er‘s opinion, be an excellent chance of

getting a successful stand.



If the experiment is tried we should be

glad to get a report on same next year.

since there is very little available data

regarding the success of late fall seed-

ing of alfalfa in Michigan.



Alfalfa and Tile Drains.



Please tell me whether alfalfa roots

will ‘fill up a drain tile.



\Vashtena“ Co. G. W. M.

. If ‘tile drains are properly laid so there

will be no sags in which water stands

for a. considerable length of time,

alfalfa roots will not seriously bother

them. \Vhere tile drains are working

properly they will contain no water at

periods of the year when there is not

plenty of moisture in the ground for al-

fnlfa roots.





~





ultimately i

a great degree of3

importance 1





the





 





 

 





 





order.





price as $26.95.





   

   

   

   





IllllllIllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllillllllIllIlllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllll





namcandaddreea.





 

 





 





E

:2

’/





i





will“!IilllllllllllllllllllMllfllflillmmlflimllfifiiflflflfllflflflflflflfllflflmflflflllilllllllllllillilifl

s





The concern. that gives you the

greatest engine value for the least

money ls gomg to receive your

That’s the reason we expect

to ship you a Gasoline Engine.





Our Economy Engine is equal to the best engine

ever made, always exceeds its rated horse power,

and still you can -buy it for less than the cost of

an ordinary engine. There is a reason of course.

Turn. to pages 1384. to I 392 of our latest Big

General Catalog and note the description of the

Economy Engines, and our method of selling.

Any Economy Engine from one to ten-horse

power shipped on 60 days’ trial and as low in

Every one of these engines is

backed by Sears, Roebuck and Co.’s world stand-

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Ifyou haven’t a copy of our Big General Catalog just write

“ECONOMY ENGINES” on a postal card and Sign your





Sears, Roebuck and Co.

Chicago





.21





N0.





 





SEPT. »7, 1912.‘





 

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   





 





 

 

 





 

 





 

 





/',t

M y lllllllllllllllllllilllllll





 





l.





 





 





 





CO3 t8 gl-





Stumps Out Means ppllarg Q





 





 

   





only $9 \

$25 00 Nip-=5- (‘lear that. old stump

Freight “/10. pay you a profit.

paid great heavy horse machines or

dangerous dynamite.

i‘ ii

iiitl ..

‘Ji‘h‘v "" I‘ -—'-‘ " “'5 ‘3...





The One Man Stump Puller





alone can carry, set. up and 0 rate it.





Guaranteed for a year—send





is built on the scientific prinoialfi

five-pound pull on the lever means



man alone or with a boy can clear an average acre 3

Has a hundred uses around the farm—pays

.00 now or send postal for descriptive book and proof. Live Agents Wa





 

 





pasture and make it;

But no need to use





 





,. .>.:,_





 





of compound leverage. A

undo on the stump. 0110

y, increasing the vs no of the land. _Ono man

for itself in a week.





THE ONE MAN 51‘ UMP FULLER CO... 4L3 Lud 8L, Lscnnaba. Mich. 4'





 





 





 





A TRACTIONEER’S WAGES l





are far above the pay of the ordinary farm hand or mechanic. Many

earn $100a month—some





More than 15,000 gas, and half as many steam tractors will be built. next

season. That. means jobs for somebodyflforfll if you get. ready.





Our system of teaching makes it





EASY TO LEARN fro EARN





We have splendid equipment, faculty drawn ‘from four of the best Agricultural Col-

N. Dak.,) and chances for advanced students to earn tuition in





leges, (Ind, Iowa. Kane...

tractor factory.





Rush letter or postal for prospectus.





Indiana School of Tractioneering.

FIRST TERM RESIDENCE SCHOOL OPENS SEPT. 16th,





Address Prof. O. I. Gunness.





Residence course at La Porte, $35.

home—get practical work FREE at our traveling schools later.





$200.





Also correspondence courses—study at.





 





51 Pine Lake Ave. LaPorte. Ind.





 





 





 





 





 





DON’T

FAIL

TO SEE





The big display of

QUALITY Sprayers

for every purpose—

hand, horse and gas-

oline engine power.





The Hurst Spnyers





are sold on 10 days

trial—no money in

advance— f reigh t.

prepaid and guaran-

teed five years





At The

Michigan State Fair





Gmd Rupidl. summit to 1 a

Lin-Dom Sept. lou- to 2m





. y P OT A TOES'fitfinh‘ilfm‘T'm‘r’g





 





 





‘ "‘Hl“ 17. r: B'IrHMOND 00.. Detroit. mom“...





 

 





fl.-. _. _..__ ._-_______...____._,

._ “ i.600.000 FRUIT TREES 2

'39; HARDY, UPLAND GROWN TREES at]

. Wholesale Pricu that will astonish you.

. . 28 years growing trees and selling directm

. ' planter means you take no risk In dealing

.. .~ .. with us. We gu-mtee satisfaction or

men refunded. Everybody write Ior

Free] lul. catalogue of Guaranteed True-

w—Name Trees. 300 Acres. 2 Rose Bushes,

r «1. _ 1." » ‘ 1 0:11:12! Jack, I anua Charts, 25o. mail

" “"1”” MEYBMGWEUSG).

v . . '

MSMMNM. so MauSL,Dumvie,l.Y.





can" or wiudrow. In) and hone cut! and shocks

equal with a corn Bin . Sold in every

state. Price $20.00. W. H. BUXTON. of Johnstowu. Ohio.

writes; "Tho Harvester has roven all you claim for it;

the [brunet saved me over £25 in inbor int ye-r'n com

cutting. i cut over 600 shocks; will make 4 bmhfll corn

eon-hock." Testimonials and catalog tree. showing Piv-

turu of hat-vector. Addreos

HEW FROG!!! W6. 60..





SEED WHEAT—1911 CROP. .'





Turkey Red. 3 hard red bearded wheat. very hardy.

a big yielder. Berkley. red. hard. wheat. hi1. plum

berry. good on poor land. No. 6 the best. W]: to bal

variety. These wheat: have yielded as high as 56 bu.

on our farm You can't aflord to sow shrunken or

damaged seed. $1.50 per bushel, bags free. .



J. C. BUTLER. Portland. Michigan.





   

 

 





 





 





HA I V E 5 TE! with Binder Attach—

ment cuts and thrown in piles on harvester





GALIIA. KANSA‘.
.41.





 





SEPT. 7, 1912.





'A DANGEROUS NEW WEED.





HIS summer the Botany Depart-

l ment of the Agricultural College





has received specimens of a weed

new to Michigan which, if allowed to

become thoroughly established, will add

another very troublesome weed to our

already too long list of weeds. The weed

in question is Hieracium aurantiacum,

Orange Hawkweed, known by several

other names such as devil’s paint brush,

devil’s weed, etc. For the past fifteen

or twenty years, it has been a very ser-

ious pest in the east, especially in Ver—

mont and New York and, likewise, in

parts of Canada. The plant is apparent-





 





 





 





 





 





Single Plants Aof Orange Hawkweed.





ly well established in this state along

the west shore of Lake Huron from Al—

pena to Cheboygan. I have also received

specimens of it from Manistee county.

and from a few miles north of Alma. I

have reports that show that it has been

present in the Lake Huron region for the

past four or fiVc years. The College

lileibarium posscsscs one specimen col-

lected on Mackinac Island eleven years

ago. The plant belongs to the same

family as the dandelion and, like it, is

somewhat milky. It does not resemble

the dandelion, however, in general ap—

pearance. It forms tufts and mats on

the ground, spreading both by under—

ground and abwc—ground runners as

well as by the very numerous small

winged seeds which, like those of the

Canada thistle, may be carried long dis—

tances by the wind. The leaves are four

to six inches long and are round on the

end and have no indentations as do those

of the dandelion. They are very strik—

ingly soft and hairy with long, rather

dark hairs. The flower stalks, which are

eight to ten, or even more, inches high,

are rather hairy and are leafless or have

only one or two Very inconspicuous

leaves on them. At the top of the stalk

are five or six closely crowded small

heads about one—quarter of an inch in

diameter, of deep orange flowers. Each

head, when fully Open, may be as much

as one—half of an inch to nearly an inch

in diameter. Within a. day or two after

the head closes, it opens up again to set

free fifty to one hundred minute black

seeds with a crown of delicate long white

bristles. In fact, except for the color,

the seeds of this plant resemble very

much, very dimunitive editions of seeds

of Canada thistle. This weed, when once

it gets into a meadow 0r lawn, is hard

to exterminate for its underground

shoots, as well as its runners above the

ground, enable it to spread rapidly. Fur-

thermore, the fact that it does not have

any upright stem and that the leaves are

low dOWn, makes it impossible to dispose

of it by mowing. If given a fair chance,

the weed will frequently take possession

of the whole field, crowding out all the

other plants there and will do the same

thing for a lawn. Of course, where a

field is in constant cultivation, the wee-:1

will not be particularly troublesome but





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





it is 'very diflicult to exterminate this

weed even from cultivated fields since

the cultivator simply drags the under-

ground parts around and distributes the

plant more widely than it was before. if

the field is cultivated and hoed for more

than one year, the weed will be gotten

rid of but one season's cultivation, un—

less frequent and thorough, will usually

serve but to spread it the more. Fortu-

nately, Professor L. R. Jones, while Bot-

anist of Vermont Experiment Station

was able to demonstrate that the follow-

ing method would destroy it in pastures

and lawns without injury to the grass,

namely, an application of salt, broadcast—

ed at the rate of 1% tons per acre. It

is very greatly to be hoped that readers

of the Michigan Farmer in all parts of

the state will be on the lookout for this

plant and will make a special effort, if

the weed is found, to see that it is de-

stroyed at once. Township officers in-

trusted with the carrying out of the

weed law, should be especially on the

lookout for this pest along the road sides

and in abandoned fields. Particular

pains must be taken not to allow the

weed to get into clover fields as it has

been shown that. it can be introduced

into a new region in contaminated clover

seed. In fact, in the investigations by

the botanical department of several hun-

dred samples of sred, this weed was

found in three or four samples of red

clover.



The illustrations from photographs made

for me by Prof. G. H. Coons, will show

the appearance- Of a single plant as well

as of the cluster of plants and of a few

of the seeds, the latter being magnified

about tWClVe- times.



I will be glad to receive for identifica-

tion any specimens suspected of being

this plant. Furthermore, all notes as to

its distribution, how long it has been

there, 010., will be gladly received.



Agri. College. ERNEST. A. BESSEY.



lS MARL BENEFICIAL TO OUR

SANDY LOAM SOILS.





C211 you tell me whether marl has ben-





eficial effect on Michigan sandy loam

sons?

Kalamazoo Co. D. B. W.





Marl is one of the best forms of lime

to apply to the. land either for the pur—

pose of correcting acidity or for improv-

ing its mechanical condition. There is

no better form. But marl differs very

much in composition. One bed of marl

is worth much more than another; that

is, one bed of marl will be almost pure

carbonate of lime while another bed of

marl contains a large amount of clay and

sand and perhaps a small amount of the

carbonate of lime, and it is the carbonate

of lune which produces the beneficial ef-

fects upon the soil.



When vcgctable iratter decomposes in

the soil organic acids are generated. Now

unless carbonate of lime is present in

the soil to neutralize these acids after

a number of years the soil becomes acid

in reaction and many plants will not

thrive, especially the legumes, and we

want the legumes to thrive more es—

pecially because they are soil improvers.

Some. soils are especially rich in car-

bonate of lime, others contain a much

smaller amount and after years of crop—

pint; they become acid and We must apply

lime in order to get the proper growth

of legumes. Now on such soil it pays to

apply carbonate of lime. As a matter of

fact, it is the one limiting factor in pro-

duction. You can’t grow good clover on

soil that is acid in reaction. But if the

marl is a poor marl, if it only contains

live or l0 per cent of carbonate of lime





it might not be worth hauling, while on

the other hand, beds of marl are knowu





to contain as high as 90 per cent of the '





carbonate of calcium, as pure as good

limestone. This, of course, must be as-

certained before we can determine the

value of the marl. But if marl contains

as high a per cent of carbonate of cal-

cium as limestone than it is more effective

than limestone because it is much finer.



All over Michigan are marl beds. The

only question about using them\for agri—

cultural- purposes is the cost of getting

the marl. It is generally a very bad

place- to get'marl out of. It is in a bed

under some swamp or lake and it is al—

most impossible to get it without high-

priced equipment. Then, after you get

it it contains such a large. per cent of

moisture that you can’t ship. \\'here one

has a marl bed on his farm and can get

it without too much expense this certain—

ly would be a safe proposition to draw it

and spread it on the land. In England

they used to use marl at the rate of 1O

to 12 tons per acre with very marked

beneficial effects upon certain soils.



Some marl beds are being worked. The

marl is dried and sold the same as crush-

ed ground limestone or the same as pul-

verized burned lime for agricultural pur-

poses. Whether it would pay or not de-

pends upon the cost of getting the lime

in condition to sell. You can purchase

a good quality of finely ground limestone

for about $2 per ton f, o. b. the quarry.

Now the question is whether you can

get the marl and dry it and get it in

condition to sell, put it aboard the cars

for $2 per ton. If you can‘t why you

can’t compete with ground limestone. I

know of a marl bed that at one time the

owners attempted to work and sell it

commercially, but they found out that

in gctting this marl out and artificially

drying it, gctting it in shape to sell that

they could not afford to sell it for less

than bctwccn $5 and $6 per ton. In other

words, they had about that much labor

tied up in it when it was ready to sell

With a very moderatc amount, of profit,

and consequently they had to give it up

because they could not compete. But

\“here a man, as I said before, has a

mall bed upon his farm he can haul it

and haul it at Odd times when the farm

work is not pressing, and it might be the

means of wonderfully improving the crop

producing power of his land. Under such

circumstances it might pay to throw the

marl out on top of the ground during the

fall and winter and let it lay one year

and dry out and then haul it onto the

land. That will save hauling so much

moisture. CoLoN C. LILLIE.



THE REASON OUR BOYS DO NOT



STAY ON THE FARM.





 





Farmers, have you done anything for

your bcy that would cause him to want

to stay with you on the farm? 1f not,

why not? You know that when he leaves

you must hire a stranger to fill his place,

giving him at least $30 a month, besides

destroying the privacy of your home with

this stranger, who may be congenial to

have about, but in nine cases out of ten

is not, and perhaps is not a character

with whom you would care to have your

chillrcu come in contact at all.



As to your boy, he is probably not malo—

ing anywhere near those same wages i']

the city, nor is he at all probable to be

elevated by any examples of friends and

companions he may have there. 01’

cmu‘sc, therc are exceptions and some

yourg men have succeeded from the

start, being seemingly adapted to the





 





 





' ;' ' ..... ,





 





 





 





 





 





 





Seeds of Orange Hawkweed (Hicraclum aurantiacum) Magnified Twelve Times.





m ' . 175





city or the work they choose, but these

cases are few and far between.



Farmers, the fault lies with yourselves.

to a certain extent at least, and for these

reasons:



There: comes a. time in a boy’s life, us-

ually between the ages of fifteen and

eighteen, when he begins losing his in—

terest in games and such pleasures, which

have been, and always will be, the chicf

interest of any boy, and gradually he be—

comes more thoughtful. In truth. al—

llmugh it may be not noticeable to his

OWn parents, he is beginning to plan his

life‘s campaign in a. business way; he

begins to long for something of his own.

something that may in the future help

him to realize these particular ideas

which he is now forming in his mind,

and here is where the farmer fails in his

duty to the boys.



Of course, we think perhaps that his

time, until he is of age. belongs to us,

which it in a way does" but this should

not necessarily hinder us from gradually

helping him in his desires at this time,

which can'be done in this way: Give

him something of his own, something

which he should understand belongs ab—

Solutely to himself and for which he is

entirely responsible. Of course. I have

reference to drawing his interest to the





 





A Group'of Orange Hawkweed Plants.





farm and farming, and remember this is

his to do whatever he pleases, with per-

haps your advice given much as it should

be to a. friend, for if kcpt under any re—

straint he will probably lose interest

til it.



l’crhaps, you will say, but he may

make an awful mislakc and lose this

crop or animal which you have given

him from the farm. But do you not

know that failures have made thousands

of men successful who perhaps would

not have accomplished anything other-

wise? Experience. you know. is the best

teacher. and srunething we all mus;

have before becoming competent at any~

thing.



For example, you give the boy a horse,

perfectly sound and. due to his own

carelessness. he has a. number of diseases

common with horscs. 'l‘cll him the

causes and your own remedies for dis—

ease aud let him doctor the horse him-

sclf. It will be much better if he has

to purchase the medicine himself and if

he doesn‘t rcmcmbcr the remedies and

remove the causcs and gradually become

a good hand with horscs, he. will never

amount to amlhing as _a farmer, and

might as wcll try the city as anything.



tlr perhaps you givc him a small field

of his own to work cach year. Then, if

he doesn't bccomc familiar with caring

for the crops. the, cost and prices of the

grains, amount sown per acre and the

results of the weather, things which ev—

ery young farmer should know~and be—

sides he will rcalize. the expenses and

drawbacks with which you have had to

contendhtneu does not become interest—

ed in farming he might as well look for

something for which he is bcttcr adapted.





Many a young man has workcd at home

until 25 years of age, simply getting all

the money he wished to spend and when

circumstances left the farm in his hands,

hardly knew how much seed to sow per

acre, although he had SOWn like crops

many times himself. He had simply left

the planning end of the work to someone

else and naturally lost interest and miss-

ed the enjoyment one gets out of his

Work, the progress and results of which,

depend upon himself.





Macomb Co. B. D. SMITH.
MORE MONEY





GIVES,





MORE SATISFACTION.





N0 STOCK CAN THRIVE IF PESTERED

WITH LICE ,TICKS,MITES, FLEAS,

SCAB,MANGE,AND OTHER SKIN ,



’ DISEASES.



_ TO CLEAN OUT THESE

PARASITES, GUARD AGAINST

CONTAGIOUS DISEASES,

CLEANSE. PURIFY, AND

DEODORIZE. USE





BETTER THAN OTHERS,BECAU$[,IT IS





STANDARDIZED.





UNIFORM,DEPENDABLE,EFFICIENT. out

GALLON or KRESO DIP NOJ MAKES 60

to l00 muons or SOLUTION(DEPENDING

UPON WHAT use is 1’0 8?. MADE or tr)

A REAL NECESSITY ABOUT

HORSES,CATTLE,SHEEP, SWINE,





DOGS, GOATS AND POULTRY.





FOR SALE BY ALL DRUGGISTS.



waif: FOR FREE cmcuuas. ASK ma tum?

ozscnlamc A NEW cznzm‘ H06 WALLOW I'm

' AR: INTERESTED.





PARKEDAVISMO. ,7

. a -





f???





Warrani‘cd

to give satisfaction.





 

   





GOMBAULT’S

CAUSTIC BALSAM





A safe, speedy and

positive cure for





Curb, Splint, Sweeny, Ca ped Hock,

Strained Tendons, Founder, ind Pufl‘s,

and all lameness from Spavin, Ringbone

and other bony tumors. Cures all skin

diseases or Parasites, Thrush, Diphtheria.

gengwes all Bunches from Horses or

at e.





As a HUMAN REE! EDY for Rheu-

matism, Sprainl. Sore Throat, etc., it

is invaluable.



Every bottle of Can-tic Balsam sold in

Warranted to give satisfaction. Price 81.50

per bottle. Sold by druggists, or sent by ex-

press, charges paid, with full directions for its

use. Send for descriptive circulars, testimo-

niiils,etc. Address





Till LAWRENCE—WILLIAM! COMPANY, Cleveland. Ohio.





 





 





 





 





 





   





ABSOR 3W ,5,





Will reduce inflamed,strained,

swollen Tendons, Ligaments,

! ‘ Muscles or Bruises, stop pain,

elm All“ Cure the Lameness from a

Splint, Side Bone or Bone Spavin. No

blister, no hair gone. Horse can be

used. $2 a bottle delivered. Describe

your case for special instructions and

Book ZKwith colored race picture free.

ABSORBI'N EJR. the antiseptic

' liniment fo r

mankind. Reduces strained, torn liga-

ments, enlarged glands, veins or mus-

cles-—heals ulcers—allays pain. Price

$1.00 a bottle at dealers or delivered.

WINNING, P.D.F.,26%Temple Si..SpringfieH,Nass.





ONTARIO

VETERINARY COLLEGE





Temperance Street, Toronto





Amlnted with :hthngex-sizy oftTogorzto ‘33?“ undglt'

I to earmen o to uro

’tOliietagidlh-EDOEJLEGE E-OPENS 051.1. 1912.

N. B.—Oaiendar on application.

B. A.A. GRANGE. V. 5.. M. Sc., Princlpal.





 





 





PW" "l

L VE STOCK l





FEEDERS’ PROBLEMS.



Feeding Clover and Alfalfa Hay to



Swine.



The value of alfalfa hay as a winter

feed for hogs has been better demon—

strated and more fully illustrated in the

western states than has been the case

in Michigan. In fact, upon most Mich-

igan farms there is ill» attempt made to

include a forage of this kind in the win-

tcr ration of hogs. a fact which is to be

deplored since it has a. most beneficial

effecr upon the health of the hogs, and

at the same timcs saves not a little grain

in producing a given amount of gain. in

an interesting report from the \Vyoming

station on the value of alfalfa hay for

pigs, some space is given to the discus-

sion of the best methods of fee-ding the

same. The method of feeding which was

found to be designed to best prevent

losses was by the use of a box about six

feet long, 20 inches wide and 20 inches

deep, the box being protected with a cov—

er and having three round openings 10

inches in diameter in the front side With

a. space. of about ten inches between the

openings. The accompany cut plainly

shows the construction of the feed box,

which is built of inch lumber. \thn

filled, the cover is closed and the pigs

can only gain access to the hay through

the openings in the front of the box, and

so cannot trample it under foot and

waste it. ‘



Another advantage in the use of a. box

of this kind is the prevention of the loss

of the alfalfa leaves, which drop from

the stalks vcry readily when the hay

is handled. A disadvantage of this kind

of feeding box was found in that the

openings must be made of suitable size

for either light or heavy pigs. if too

small, the large hogs cannot get at the

hay, while if too large the smaller ones

can waste the hay through the openings.

However, in general, this box was found

of advantage in regions where rain or

snow is of frequent occurrence as it

keeps the- alfalfa dry, in addition to Ice

sening the waste of the hay.





 





Where a. large number of hogs are to

be fed, a. rack similar to that sometime»:

used in feeding sheep has given good

satisfaction. This type of rack is thc

kind having a solid box bottom with slag;

arranged in V shape above to hold thi-

hay. in this type of rack. the base or

trough should rest upon the ground and

be 12 to 18 llll'llCS wide, in order that the

leans which drop from the hay when

pullcd out will fall into the trough and

be eaten by the hogs.



\thrc alfalfa hay is available, it would

be found most satisfactory and econom-

ical to provide sonic sort of box or rack

for {ct-ding it regularly. \Vhere alfalfa.

is not available, clover hay will afford

an ext-client substitutl- and will be found

a. means of chcapcnirg the ration for the

liog.;, and at the some time kecpiug them

in a thrifty condition. which should not

be neglected upon any farm where even

a. few hogs are maintained during the

winter season.



Grasses to Sow for Permanent Pasture.



\\'l1.it kind of grass \‘L‘L‘tl would be the

beri to sow in with wheat or rye seeded

down this fall? I would likc to use it tor

posture for a number of years. The

ground whcre I want to sow it 'is sandy





loam. . _

leV Ct). C. \N'. h.





 





 





It is a rather diliicult proposition to

seed a pcrmancnt pasture in full—sown

grain, unless the grain be sown thinly

and rather early, and got as good a

stand as could be secured by seeding

alone without any grain crop. i’rof. 'l‘hos.

Shaw, in his work on Grasses. advocates

for average soils in this section of the

country a mixture containing the follow-

ing: Four pounds of timothy seed, four

pounds of orchard grass, three pounds of

redtop, four pounds of Russian brome,

three pounds of medium red clover, and

two pounds of mammoth clover. making

a mixture of 20 pounds in all. Probabl}r

the Russian brome grass might better be

omitted if this land is to be used in the.

regular crop rotation when it is broken

up, as it is a. very persistent grower.

This mixture is intended for seeding

without a grain crop, and in case the

land is to be seeded in wheat or rye a.

smaller amOunt of seed had perhaps be:-

tcr be sown: If the seeding can be done

early in September. probably a very light

seeding of rye would be preferable, when

the clovers might be sown with the oth-

er grasses, and if they did not survive

the winter more clover seed could be

drilled in in the spring.





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





A permanent pasture should not be

grazed closely the first season for best

results, US it will take some time to get

a 'close, thick turf established over the

entire surface of the field. In fact, close

grazing is not good economy at any time

since the future prrductiveness of the

grass is injured thereby.



Sweet Clover as a Forage Plant.





I would like to ask your opinion of

swcet clover. I have about fOur acres.

which consists of three side hills, all

sloping to one center. It is very handy

to burn for pasture. “'as in rye this

year, but it is hard on a team to work

it. Now some tell me. if we get the

sweet clover we can’t get rid of it. Would

it be good for hog pasture?



Kalamazoo C0. SUBSCRIBER.



Sweet clover is undoubtedly of some

value as a forage plant but it is not

anywhere near as valuable as other le-

gumes which can be grown as readily.

Stock do not relish it as well as alfalfa,

for instance, and it is not anywhere near

as valuable a feed. In fact, it has no

proper place in Michigan agriculture,

as there is little doubt that alfalfa can

be grown wherever sweet clover will

thrive, sinCc the bacteria which is es—

sential to the success of the alfalfa finds

a host. plant in sweet clOver, thus mak-

ing it certain that wherever sweet clo-

vcr can be grown alfalfa can as readily

be made to succeed. While sweet clover

is quite generally regarded as a. weed it

is not as difficult to eradicate as many

believe. Being a biennial it will not live

more than two years if it is not allowed

to rcseed, so if kept mown down it will

soon disappear without cultivation. The

same fact would make it necessary to

permit it to seed every second year in

order to retain a permanent stand.



it would be much better to prepare

this soil well and seed it to alfalfa, us-

ing lime if necessary and inoculating

with the bacteria peculiar to the plant.





   

 





In fact. unless this bacteria, is present in

tho soil you would probably find it diffi-

cult to get a good stand of sweet clover

as well as of alfalfa. Once seeded to

alfalfa this rough piece of ground used

as a. hog pasture will probably be the

most profitable portion of the farm. It

should not, however, bc closely pastured,

especially until well established.

AUTUMN FLOCK MANAGEMENT.

At this season llock owners should de-

Vote particular attentiOn to selecting

breeding ewes for next year and getting

them in a Strong and vigorous condition

for mating. It is not best to make a

hasty selection as soon as the lambs are

weaned for some of the best ewes are so

reduced in flesh condition that they de-

ceive one as being culls. All of the un—

productive ewes that produce lambs that

never do well should be wccdcd out. It

is advisable to eliminate all of the un-

profitable sheep from the flock and if

necessary buy a few choice individuals

to take their place. There are many

points to be taken into consideration in

selecting breeding ewes and no flock

owner can afford to ignore their import—

ance. The only permanent improvement

of the flock must come about through the

influence of both Sires and dams. The

common belief that the ram exerts more

influence upon the resulting progeny is

likely to cause one to overlook the im—

portance of selecting his best ewes for

breeding and rely upon the ram to make

good his defects as a breeder as well as

the defects of his ewes. ~

Uniformity of type is of first import-

ance. Care must be taken to weed out

inferior ewes and retain only those that

are of one type. Always save a few

yearling ewes of your own breeding, even

if they are not so good as you could buy.

It is making your flock uniform and

more of one type than buying odd ones

from various flocks. If pure—bred sheep

are kept it is a great deal easier to se-

lect uniform breeding ewes than where

cross—breeding is practiced. In connec-





 





snrr. 7, 1912.





tion with selecting uniform ewes one

should aim-to establish a type that con-

forms to the purpose for which they are

kept. If to produce fine mutton, select

the meat-making type. Ewes of the low-

down, blocky type mature early and

make the best mutton. Successful breed-

ing depends upon the gradual fixation of

type and characteristics that add to the

commercial value of the animals.



Every ewe that ShOWS signs of a faulty

constitution should be disposed of, no

matter how good she may be otherwise.

Ewes that have the ability to transmit

physical force and energy to their young

are the kind everyone wants. A faulty

constitution is generally indicated by a.

loose, thin fleece, narrow chest and dull,

lifeless actions. Examine those points

carefully and if the animal falls to meet

these requirements dispose of her. Ewes

that are in any way diseased, no matter

how good a. fleece and lamb they may

produce, should be immediately disposed

of. There is always plenty of trouble

with disease without inviting more

through careless selection.



Ewes that do not have the ability to

properly nourish their lambs are poor

property. Of course, improper feeding

may derange the ewe’s digestive system

and decrease her supply of milk through-

out the entire season, however in most

cases the quality of the lamb at weaning

time is a. safe guide to follow in deter-

mining the value of the ewe. In some

cases ewes may go wrong through the

cause of poor management on the part

of the owner. All of these things must

be carefully considered before a promis-

ing ewe is discarded from the flock. By

keeping a. record of each ewe’s perfor-

mance during the year and making a few

short notes of the conditons responsible

for her failure to become pregnant or

having lost her lamb, one will often find





an"; call





A Box for Feeding Alfalfa or Clover Hay to Hogs Without Waste.





that such ewes are well worth another

trial.



As soon as the lambs are weaned and

the cues milk flow has been diminished

special attention should be devoted to

getting her in good condition for mating.

The ewe's condition at mating time has

a most important bearing on the quality

of the lamb crop as well as on the num-

ber of ewes to become pregnant. The

inexperienced flock owner is not likely to

rcalizc the severe drains the ewes have

been subjcted to during the suckling pc-

riod and neglects to provide means to

repair this loss of condition before they

are again mated. Unless one gives his

cwcs proper attention after weaning the

lambs he may well expect to impair their

usefulncss and physical vitality.



At no time of the year is there so much

danger of disease getting a foothold as

between the time of weaning and mat

ing. Animals that are run down physi—

cally when pastures are declining and the

weather is damp and changeable are

more susceptible to disease than those

in a strong, healthy condition, especially

ailments that impair their breeding dual-

ities. FOr that reason it pays to give

thought and attention to the health and

comfort: of the flock at this period.



Many fleck owners suffer heavy annual

losses through the failure of the ewes to

become pregnant at muting time. Some

times it is a number of weeks before the

ram succeeds in mating with more than

a few ewes. in such cases many rams

are disposed of and others purchased

when the whole failure can be traced di—

rectly to the run—dowu physical condi—

tion of the elwes. It is very seldom that

the failure rests with the ram. The

ewes are generally at fault. Ewes with

a reasonable amount of flesh that has

been put on slowly while they have had

access to plenty of pasture and forage

are best fitted for mating and are most

sure to become pregnant at first mating.



Too much importance cannot be placed

011 having a plentiful SUDDIY of suitable

forage Crops to reinforce the failing pas—

tures during the fall months. At this
.-w m





A. .Aka ”d. x





 





- -

g





SEPT. 7, 191..





THE MICHIGAN , FARMER.‘ is, 177





“Twenty- Five” $900 _ '





“The Car Complete ”





F..O. B. Detroit





4.9%!





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





The R=C=H is the First Completely Eqipped Car

Ever Sold at a Popular Price





THE CAR





Wheelbase—1 10 inches.





Motor—‘Long-stroke; 4 cylinders cast en bloc;

3,} inch bore, 5—inch stroke. Two-bearing crank

shaft. Timing gears and valves enclosed. Three-

point suspension.





Steering—Left Side. Irreversible worm gear,

16-inch steering wheel. Throttle control on steer-

ing column.





Control—Center Lever operated through H -

plate integral with universal joint housing just

below. Hand-lever emergency brake at driver’s

right. Foot accelerator in connection with hand





throttle.





Springs—Front, semi-elliptic; rear, full elliptic

and mounted on swivel seats. '





Frame—Pressed steel channel.

Axles—Front, l~beam, drop~f0rged; rear, semi-

fioat-ing type.





Transmission—43‘ speeds forward and reverse;

sliding gear, selective type.





Construction-Drop-forgings wherever practic-

able; chrome nickel steel used throughout all

shafts and gears in the transmission and rear

axle; high carbon manganese steel in all parts re-

qui ring special stiffness.





Body—Full 5—passenger English type; extra

wide seats.





THE EQUIPMENT





Non-skid tires—32x33,-



12-inch Hall Bullet electric head lights with

double parabolic lens.



orinch Hall Bullet electric side lights with

parabolic lens.



Exide 100 Ampere Hour Battery.



Bosch Magneto.



Warner Auto-Meter.



Demountable rims



Extra rim and holders.



Tally-ho horn.



Jiffy curtains—up or down instantaneously.



Top and Top cover.



Windshield.



Rear view mirror.



Tool-kit, Jack, Tire Repair Kit, Pump.



Robe Rail.





UST think for a minute what that means to you. There

are a number of equipment items that are absolutely

necessary if you’re going to get any real enjoyment out of

your car. Yet on the average car you’ve got to buy most of

them yourself, and pay extra for them. That means from

two hundred to four hundred dollars added to the price of

the car. You shouldn’t have to pay that extra money for





necessary equipment. And on the R—C—H you don’t have to

pay 1t. For the R-C-H comes to you fully equipped with everything you need——

and everything of the very best quality. For instance, you don’t get the old style,





hard to handle curtains. The R-C—H is equipped with the famous J ifl’y Curtains,

which can be put up or down in a minute without leaving the seat.





You don’t get a make-shift, unreliable speed indicator. You get the Warner Auto-

Meter, the best known speed indicator on the market today.



And you get such other things as non-skid tires all ’round, a complete set of electric

lights with battery, demountable and quick detachable rims—just read the list of

equipment for yourself.



When you’re thinking of buying a car, figure out What these things'liwould cost you.

You’ll be surprised what a difference they make in the actual price you pay for a car.

And don’t forget that aside from equipment the R-C-H is easily the best value ever

offered at near the price. The powerful long-stroke motor is exceptionally economi-

cal of gasoline and oil. There is a big, roomy body that will seat five passengers

comfortably and without crowding. And you’ll be proud of its snappy, graceful

appearance.



There’s a special spring suspension that insures easy—riding. There are a dozen other

features that make the R-C—H the strongest, most durable and most satisfactory popu-

lar-priced car you’ve ever seen. No matter what car you’re considering see the

R-C-H. ’

Descriptive catalog and name of nearest dealer free on request.





R-C-H CORPORATION iasizrlingi’fTiiugi’i:





ATLANTA. 518 Peachtree St“; BOSTON, 563 Boylston St - BUFFALO 1225 M ~ . . .

0 . . . a , -- . . a-m St. CHICAGO, 2021 M ,- - , _ .

Brandles"'gfifffi’fitl’g‘i‘ffiogaxfi‘ Ligcastg 5%.; KANsAs cITX. 35501an St; LOS ANGELES, 1242 So. Flower ‘§§T¥gfila’§%A§5‘§1VsEizt§Btfi”’ guild 4’8" DE’Y’VER' "520 Brown"



. 0 0. ma 5t. SAN FRANCISCO,819-835 ElllSAve.; WALKERVILLE, ONT..CANADA. ' nemn ve., NEW 103K, 1989 Broadway;
h—L

\l





8 (6)





THE MICHIGA-





l





 





IL





 





 





4 a





 

   

 

 





.\ '4



o\ o.

xa "9 ~zv;

' ‘ I‘5“-“‘ « 3.1;- 5.





 





No Chains





‘ "1’.





U-

"-2-.





un‘





MA GINE a manure reader without

any of the chains; wit all the clutches

and adjustments removed; one that



has no extra shaft for the beater, no stub

axle or counter shafts; one on which the

parts that drive the beater all surround

the main axle and are within a distance

of twelve inches from it: and one that,

besides being of much lighter draft than

any other you have ever seen, is so low

down thatitis only necessary to lift the

manure as high as your hips when load-

ing. Imagine all that and you will have

some sort of an idea. of what this new

John Deere Spreader—The Spreader will;

the Beater on the Axle—is like.



It is absolutely the simplest and strong«

est manure spreader ever invented. It

has from one hundred and fifty _to two

hundred less parts than the simplest

spreader heretofore made.



Easy to load. It is always ready for

business. It cannot get out of order.

There are no adjustments to be made.





The Beater on the Axle

It is a fact that most of the trouble ex-





perienced with the ordi-

nary manure spreader





 

 





No Clutches





The Greatest Improv

' Spreaders Since Their Invention





Simplest and Strongest





John Deere Spreader

‘5 he Spreader with the Beater on the Axle





/’ IS as much an improvement in spreader manufacturing as the

self-binder was over the old reaper.

entirely new and different lines from any other spreader.





It is made along





 





No

Adjustments





the other reason. There are two in the

front wheels and two between the main

axle and heater. They reduce the draft

materially.



When the John Deere Spreader is out

of gear it is simply a wagon.





Eanrto Load -



It is e to lift manure the first three

feet when oading a spreader. The real

hard work is from this height to the top

of the ordinary spreader.



It is only necessary to lift each forkful

these first three feet when loading a John

Deere Spreader. The hard work is done

away with.



Besides, it is possible to see inside the

spreader at all times. Every forkful is

placed exactly where it is needed, insuring

an even load.





No Adiustmcnta

On the John Deere Spreader no adjust-

ments are necessary. On the simplest

spreader heretofOi-e made, there are from

ten to twenty adjustments that have to

be properly made before spreader can be

used. Any one of these





 





adjustments, if not





 





has been with the parts

that make up the beater

driving mechanism.



On the John Deere

Spreader all the shafts

and chains necessary to

the old style of mount-

ing the beater have been

done away with.



All of the driving





 





 





made exactly right, will

either put the machine

out of business or in-

crease the draft, which

necessarily means uno

due wear.





PositivaNon-Racina

Apron



Even a reading is



necessary or an even



Seed-bed and an even





 





 





 





 





seed—bed is necessary to





 





stresses of spreading are borne by the

main axle—the strongest part of the

spreader—and are not: transmitted to the

side of the box or frame of the spreader.

Power to drive the heater is taken from

the rear axle and operates through a

planetary transmission (similar to that

used on automobiles) mounted on the





’8” “1"“ Light Drafl



There are at least two main reasons

why the John Deere Spreader is the light-

est draft spreader made.



You can readily see how decreasing the

number of working parts on a manure

spreader will reduce the draft correspond—

ingly. That is one very essential reason



for the light draft of

_ the John Deere

\ Spreader.

Four sets of roller

bearings con«

stitute





 





 





 

 

 

 





rmmi'





v..—





Roller

Bearings





Easy to Load L





 





:1 ts are mounted on ‘t'

fh; main axle Within The Beater on the Ada

the beater.



The strains and \





(the crop.





 





No Clutches—No Chains





insure an even stand of

The apron on a John Deere

Spreader cannot race when spreading up

hill or over exceedingly rough ground. It

is positively controlled by a simple and

effective locking device within the ratchet

feed apron drive. This insures even

spreading under all conditions. A feature

that is not used on any other spreader.





Steel Bridge-Like Frame



Like the modern steel railway bridge,

the frame on John Deere Spreaders is

made of high-carbon steel—the strongest

known mechanical construction.



The John Deere Spreader frame will

not become loose and out of alignment,

as the frame on

ordinary manure

spreaders very often

does.





 

   

   

   

   

 

 

 

 





m ....... g "Ci

" can, i:





.o... gfirflm ilk-Eli

o A





 





djustments .





Th's 'al (1

Valuable Spreader Book—Free 1.0.3.1. Espaffsec‘valflmfifif

formation concerning. the reasons for using manure on the land, how it should be

applied, how to store it and the benefits of using it in various ways.

In addition there is a detailed description of the John Deere Spreader, with illus-

trations in Color of this new spreader working in the field.





To get this book free, post paid, ask us for it as Package No. Y 5





John Deere Plow Company, Moline, III.





p:





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 





l=





 





 





 





. -$60 monthly. Fx-

coilommeni Farmer; Named 3mm“... 0..., 16.

Many needed. Write OZMENT. 17 F, St. Louis, Mo.





Ken and women to earn 06 to 016 per

En day. Wflend stamp for articular-

I. B. I. A” Indhnapol a. Indlona





. 0-..» .... W-..---....._... n. .. -. ...





 





4 BUGGY WHEELS?&".’.'".".3

) With Rubber Tires,$18.45. Your Wheell Eerubbered,

‘ $10.30. I nuke wheels 3‘ w 4 in. tread. Topl,

Shoal. 32.10; Bop-it Wheels. .635; AxluS'lJb;

' . on Umbrella free. Buy direct. Ask for Catalog 28

SM 11101033 want. 00am I“ HEM-II.





$8 L5

22-3:





 





 





N FARMBR.





season the supply of pasture grass is be-

coming short and low in nutritive value.

Some kind of supplemental forage is bet

ter than concentrated grain feeds; how-

ever. a light grain ration is indispensable

in bringing the ewes to the best possible

condition for mating. For a grain ration

(here is nothing better thanoats and

peas mixed with bran and corn. Such a

ration is easy to make up at this time

of the year on the average farm. If no

suitable forage is available. clover or

alfalfa hay will make a good substitute.

In fact, many flock owners begin feeding

small quantities of dry fodder early in

the season to counteract the dangerous

influences of too much frosted grass and

forage upon the ewe’s system. It also

makes the change from grass and forage

to fodder and grain more gradual when

the ewes are put in their winter quarters.



Rye is one of the best forage crops for

late fall grazing within reach of many

flock owners. The great advantage of

rye as a forage crop for sheep is the fact.

that it affords succulent feed during the

late fall months after other forage crops

have stopped growing and again in the

early spring before other forage is ready

for use. Sheep are very fond of rye and

if possible ‘to use it all for pasture they

will utilize it very profitably. Rape is

without doubt the best kind of forage for

sheep during the fall months. Rape.

thrives on all good soil. It can be sown

with grain crops and after they are har—

Vcsled it will come on and furnish a

large amount of {mod grazing for the

sheep during the fall. By supplying

plenty of forage for the ewes from the

time their milk flow is checked after

weaning the lambs until they are ready

to be mated it is possible to affect quite

a saving in grain feed and have the ewes

in ideal condition to produce strong and

vigorous lambs. It is generally conceded

that if the ewes are in good flesh condi-

tion, and lc-nding to take on more flesh

that '1 larger proportion of them will get

with 'amh at the first mating. The flock

owncr who gives his breeding ewes good

core for a few weeks before mating and

plans to gcl them in their wintcr quar-

tors in a healthy flesh—gaining condition

has a reasonable assurance of success

with his [lock the ncxt spring.



New York. W. MILTON KELLY.





BIG TEAMS FOR FARM WORK.



For the economical performance of

Wul'k either speed or power is essential.

An increasing demand for more power

from} farm [cams has come with the ad-

vmice in lllc types of farm machinery.

ln farm work speed is not essential since

most of the work must be performed at

a walk.



As power is more economically applied

in large units than small ones, size is an

important asset in teams for handling

heavy machinery and heavy loads. The

farmer who has big farm teams has the-

assurance that every operation in the

field can have all the power necessary to

secure a satisfactory completion of the

work while chry loaded wagon started

for market will promptly reach its desti-

nation. Wagons and trucks can be loud-

cd to suitable needs of the farm business

and heavy teams will furnish power nec—

essary to handle them. Large horses are

naturally good pullers. A well—broken

pair of them will combine sufficient of

their efforts to move a loaded wagon

that scams literally to have grown fast

to earth. Balky horses are not common

among heavy-weights because they have

the patience to tug steadily at a load

that can only be moved by inches, and

also there is little danger of overloading

them.



in the field the big loam mukcs haste

by the width of the swath it cuts. The

farmer who has graded up his small

horses to heavier weights finds now that

in many jobs, two do the work formerly

done by three. three do the work of four,

while four make 21 slmwing in the field

that excceds his wildest dreams. A gang—

plow with two 14—in. bottoms will over-

turn ncar five acres of ground in a day,

A 16 or 14 disc with plenty of power will

move an immense amount of dirt. On it

smoothing harrow five or six feet to the

horse catches a wide strip at each stroke

across the field with a four—horse team.



Along with their efficiency in the field

big farm teams have done much to con—

vert farmcrs to the doctrine that horse

power is cheaper than man power. A

farm hand is valuable largely for his

brains, as many a man who has hired an

ignorant. awkward city—bred fellow has

learned at great expense. Plenty of horse

power to take the driver along on riding

machinery conserves his strength and





alloy energies. and keeps his head clearer for





SEPT. 7, 1912.





the things that need his attention. A~





tired man is not so alert and quick to

notice little repairs needed abOut a ma-

chine, or ailments, of his horses and is

not so lavish with his energies in caring

for his team at the stable as one who

has ridden in the field and is on the look-

out for things that need his attention in—

stead of dully wishing to escape every

unnecessary exertion. Men that are kept

continually tired and worn can not be

expected to keep alive to the care of

their horses and machinery and be en-

thusiastic about the work. Big teams

furnish braWn to save men's energies for

the duties that require care and skill.

Ingham Co. H. M. YOUNG.





 





LIVE STOCK NOTES.



“Michigan will be a big buyer of feed—

ing lambs this fall unless prices, influ-

enced by broad demands and short sup-

DIY. are unreasonably high,” said D. l).

Gage, a. big feeder of that state, who was

at Chicago recently in search of supplieS.

“Michigan never had such crops of rough

feed as this year or better prospects for

a bumper corn crop. Our corn is a little

late. but looking fine. The hay crop is

immense and small grain crops good.

“‘ith such a wealth of feed at their Elis-

posal and stooker and feeding cattle sell—

lug so high, our feeders will naturally be

more clamorous than ever for feeding

ovirc stock."



I". S. Haner, the experienced slookman

and a. member of the Illinois state board

of live stock commissioners, has issued a

bulletin advising farmers to lose no time

in raising good beef cattle. He calls at-

Lentlon to the startling fact that the live

stock holdings in northern Illinois shrank

eight per cent in the years 1905 to 1910.

while in central Illinois, the region which

the world recognizes us the heart of the

corn belt, there was a. decreaSo of 32 per

cent during the some period, southern

Illinois showing a decrease of 21

per cent. He says a way to gain

lllinois’ former prestige as a live stock

country is for farmers to raise more

calves and feed a greater percentage of

lhcir corn on the farms. Mr. llaner, who

knows these things from his personal ex—

perience declares that the farmer who

raises live stock in conjunction with

grain will be found to huVe the largest

bank balance of any man in the commu—

nity. He says: “I believe that every

farmer in Illinois can raise a. few good

cattle on the feed he allows to go to

waste. By utilizing the silo in beef pro-

duction the farmer will get the full bene-

ill of his corn crop. He will receive the

full feeding value of the stalks, and the

farmer who feeds silage will ncvcr suffer

a loss from cornstalk disease. About 40

per cent of the nourishment of the corn

plant is left in the field where corn is

huskcd from standing stalks and wasted.

liven when cut, shocked and kept under

the most favorable conditions, the fod-

llc-r will lose about ten per cent of its

feeding value, while under the ordinary

1farm condiiions 25 per cent or more is

ost.”



Hogs have been dying in no small

numbers in Mercer county, 111., according

10 ii. J. Henry. a stock shipper of that

section. He said cholcra has caused big

’Osses to many stock raisers. He report-

ed choice cattle very scarce.



Milkers 21nd springers have been sell—

ing in the Chicago market as much as

$1044.20 per head higher than a year ago.

with not enough choice cows offered to

meet the strong demand. The demand

from eastern buyers has been strong of

late. and near-by dairy sections, with

more grass in’ pasture than usual at this

time of year, have been competing for

the best cows. Sales have been made at

$5001 1.10 per head for medium to fancy

cows, with not many Offered prime

enough to bring $100.



The decline in the hoof-growing indus-

try may be partly inferred from the fact

that shipments of slockcrs and feeders

from the five principal western markets

this your have been much smaller than

five years ago. \Veslern and eastern

fcmling is expected to fall 40 per cent

under last your.



The extraordinary 1300”] in prices for

well finished cattle at the Chicago stock

yards should influence every owner of

feeding steers and heifers to make them

as choice as possible, for the country is

seriously short of bcef cattle, and ex-

tremely high prices are assured for a.

long time to come. lecf steers of heavy

weight and well linishcd at 3510.106010]?)

1.0T 100 lbs. and fat range steers at $8M)

8.50 are top-notch prices, being record—

lu-cakers, and even the medium grades of

cattle are bringing prices that in other

years would thc looked high for fancy

lots. IL is a time when farmers should

retain evel'v well—bred calf to mature

into fat beef cattle, and as many stock—

ers and feeders as can be taken care of

should be placed in feed lots. Looking

backward, it is seen that one year ago

bcof steers sold on the Chlcag market

for $4.8567.65 per 100 lbs. and two years

ago at $4 60m8.50. Good stockers and

feeders may look high to prospective buy-

ers, but they are not dcar as compared

with the ruling prices for finished cattle.

Theie are first-rate opportunities for

making money by marketing prime little

yearling steers and heifers. as well as by

producing prime heavy beeves, and those

who buy thin cows and heifers and fin-

ish them in good shape will undoubtedly

come out well ahead, as was the case the

past season. Only a small percentage of

the population of the United States are

able to pay the prices now demanded in

the retail meat markets for the best cuts

of beef roasts and steaks, and there is

a large call fOr cheaper and lighter cuts.





 





Everybody ls lnvlted to share In the

big offer on page 202. Don't miss It.
SEPT. 7, 1912. ,





 





THE





' MICHIGAN PARMER.





. New HUDSON “3





Furnished Complete—No Extras to Buy.





(7)





179 '

7”





——The Composite 'Masterpiece

of 48 Leading Engineers





Men who have had a hand in building more than 200.000 automobiles of 97 well-known makes. offer now

the car which all joined in building—the HUDSON “37.”





It represents the best that each man knows.





development possible when the best engineering brains combine.





The Greatest Engineer

of All—Their Chief





At the head of these experts is Howard

E. Coffin, the foremost automobile engineer

of America, recognized here and abroad as

the most startlingly original designer the

industry has produced.





His genius is an inspiration to his asso—

ciates. From him they have gained in

ability. On account of them he has be-

come a broader and more versatile builder.





What one man lacked in experience, some

one of his associates was able to supply.

The problems one was unable to solve,

others soon found the answer for.





That accounts for the completeness of

this car. That accounts for the fact that

you will find on it the very things that you

have wished to. find on an automobile.

That explains why this car will do the

things which other four-cylinder automobiles

have failed to accomplish.





Imagine what strides, what advancement,

men of such experience are bound to

offer in the car which all have joined in

perfecting.





It is all in the one car. It expresses as

nearly the limit of four-cylinder construction

as has been reached.





Hadn’t You Better Wait?





Even if you are impatient to have a new

car now, don’t you think it better to see the

New HUDSON H37” before you buy?





No other car you can get this year, re—

gardless of price, has all the features that

are offered in the H37.”





Consider for a moment the rapid ad-

vancement that has been made in motor

car building. It is almost as startling as

are the changes in fashion. Think how

strange are the open cars of two years ago.

What proportion of their original cost do

you think such cars now bring? It is not

due to wear that their value has declined so

much. No, it is the advance that has been

made in automobile building since the open

cars were put on the market.





With that thought in mind you must

recognize the importance of choosing wisely

new. Automobiles as now built should be

of service for many years and you don’t

want to feel that you will have to buy





It is the composite of all these experts and expresses the





a new car in two, three or four years be-

cause the one you have just purchased will

at that time be out of date.





Your Safety in This Choice





. No one is likely to soon have many new

ideas to offer that these 48 engineers have

not already anticipated.





They all combine in saying that the New

HI’DSON “37” represents the best that

there is in four—cylinder construction.



They proved eyery, move they have

made through 20,000 miles of gruelling

country, mountainous, mud and snow

driving.





The most abusive treatment one of the

most skilled drivers could give in the thou-

sands of miles he drove the car, without

developing a single weakness, or discover-

ing a single detail in which improvement

could be made either in design, con-

struction, simplicity, easy riding qualities,

responsiveness, safety or power, is a

guarantee that you will find it expresses

your ideal of what a four-cylinder car

should be.





Electric Self-Cranking—Electrically Lighted





 





Comfort, Beauty, Luxury





Every detail of comfort, beauty and luxury is included. You

will find no other automobile to excel the “37” in these particulars.





It is electric—lighted throughout. The successful Delco pat-

ented self—cranking system, at the touch of a button within reach

of your finger, and the pressure of a pedal, turns over the motor,

for 30 minutes if necessary. Oil and gasoline gauges are on the





dash.





There is not a single action in the operation of the car which cannot b





done from the driver’s seat.





floating. The





Actual brake tests show l3 horsepower. Its rear axle is full

vision windshield, the speedometer—clock

demountable rims, 12-inch Turkish upholstering and every con:

ceivable detail of refinement, make it the most complete four-cylinder

automobile on the market. ' I





Models and Prices. Five-passenger Touring Torpedo or

Two—Passenger Roadster—~t51875, f. o. 1). Detroit. Canadian price,

duty pald, $2425, f. o. b. Detroit. One price to all—everywhere.





(i0 to see about this remarkable automobile today at the





graphs, etc.





nearest HUDSON dealer. Write us for complete details, photo-





HUDSON MOTOR CAR COMPAN





7450 Jefferson Avenue, Detroit, Mich. '
180 (8):





VYVYVVVYVVYVYYVVVYVVVVVY





; VETERINARY :





'AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA





CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR, V, S.





 





 





 





Advice through this department is free

to our subscribers. Each communication

should state history and symptoms of the

case in full; also name and address of

writer. Initials only will be published.

Many queries are answered that apply to

the same ailments. If this column is

watched carefully you will probably find

the desired information in a reply that

has been made to some one else. When

reply by mail is requested. it becomes

private practice, and a fee or $1.00 must

accompany the letter.





 





Ruptured Crop—Recently while pre—

paring a ('lll('l((‘ll hr a roast. I found

quite a number of kernels of corn and

VVllCtll (some had sprouted), imbeddcd in

the skin of the fowl on the breast, lmver

part of body and thighs. The towl was

healthy and in laying condition. It is

more curiosity that prompts me to write,

wondering how grain got there and what

the final effect of such a case might be.

L. V 8.. Holman, Miro—A rupture of

crop took phu'e, itllt‘wlllg grain to drop

lllltltllleiltl'l skin, thou heat and moisture

tort-ed it to sprout. Sui-h occurrences

are not common. and seldom affect the

healdi of i‘owis.



(izizget.~~(iiir cow seems to have udd-r





iroub'o, lirst on one side then on other,

llztve illillllt‘tl salt and vinegar, given bigl

(lusts ot‘ cpsom stilts and sultpotre, but. '

she «loos not seem to improve much.‘ 06°:

\\'ould heavy t'm‘dint'.‘ cause it? G. S. S... ‘

l’llV‘.‘ l‘tin’. .\ll(‘ll.* Feeding much grainl





has a tenth-um to muse garget. Apply"





hot raw linseed oil and give 2 dis. (1'





potassium iodide til :1 dose three times u

day. Continue txiviii}; S‘dlll-l'll‘c in her

teed. Does she not bruise htr bag?

Colic Stocking 7 Scars. ,1 have, :1 ten—

year-old more that has had trt‘tuient ill

tucks of colic; she also has some stool-:—

ing of hind legs; there are also sokul

scars on leg, perhaps lllt- result of built





 





wire wounds. Her blood is doubtless out .





ot‘ condition. E. I... Jones. l\llt'll.r (livc

your more 1 oz. ground gingti til it dos--

in t'wd lllL’Illl and morning llllll l“.“'tl or

(::irt-t‘ully; also give her a desst-rispmmt'id

ot' ltotiovnn's solution at a (lost: in tent





threw times it day. Also apply one port

oxide of zinc and six parts vaseiine to

sorts on loss twice» it day.





Sore lilycs. lliivc a colt three mondisr





olvl thztt htis smuningly had a weak err

tor the pnst two months; at no time lists

the eye litlll boon allot-ted. but tears tlzoli





from eye. 1 have applied boracic ilClll‘

solution ttll'l this St'clllh‘ to help it, but its.

soon as tho trvatment is discontinued.





the trouble tot-urs. U. 1.. it, Burto,





Allt‘ll.—‘--lllSS()th‘ All) grs. borato of Slttltll

tlll(l :30 gi‘s. boracic acid in 4 ozs. waters





and apply to eye twice a day.



l‘oor Quality of lloot‘r—lluvc been L1

reader of tho Michigan Farmer several

years and how derived benefit from its

Veterinzt‘y column. 1 have a mare weigh—

ing about 1.3M) lbs, which has rather

poor feet. llt-r hoofs are altogether too

brittle and the shoe remains on but a

short time. The wall of foot seems to

decay tind l nould like to know what to

put on to toughen her hoofs. i blistered

lior t‘tll‘lill(*'lS last winter which made her

less sore. \V. F. C., Sarannc, Mich.~—-:\p-

ply ltinolin to hoofs twice a day and

stand her in wet clay one or tWo hours





daily. Blisters applied to coronet stiin-.





Lllitlu a more healthy growth of horn.

Cow Fails to Conue in lleatx—‘My cow





(‘lllllti fresh April 1, 1912, since then sno‘

has not boeu in heat. What can i give:





lltl‘ that will bring about the, desired ro—





suli" J, ll. .\., West Branch, Mich.——.





tlive her 1 (lr. ground nux vomit'a and

drs. powdered t-tipsicuiii at. a dose in feed

twiw- a day.





SCUUI’lng.—"l have a six-yenr-old cow-





dtic to will (twtobcr Sulllltl Hllt‘ lizis scour—

«‘d for st-vrrzil weeks. inzikiii: her tpiitc

thin. lio you believe she has tubercu—

losis, and if so what will it cost to luivi:





lll‘l‘ tested? .l. (3.. (fireman. Mir-li.—«\'et—l

criuurians usually charge $12 or more to;





test it cow for tuberculosis, but, oi‘

course, if there is only one of them at a

plan», he might have to charge consider—

ably more; or it might be advisable for

you to take your t" w to his place, and

llz'th: tlu. Work done. This would givt- tl

better opportunity to tell what nilctl the

tow. ller bowel trouble does not us-

peciully intlii-ute tuberculosis.



light lVlilkerwAt-ute indigestioniCan

you tell me how to bring my cow back

to l‘er noriiitil ilow of milk. and also a

iil‘tr‘S'Tlptitili to make her thrive. This

cow has almost cease-d to give milk; she

is ('11 fairly good posture. A. l“. 0., Char—

lotte, Mich: (live your cow 1 lb. of cp-

soin stilts in thiCe pints of tepid water

as a (trench, one dose only. Also give a

tablespoont‘ul of powdered nitrate potash

and | cz. ground politian iii a dose- in

feed twice a (lay. llf-l‘ food supply should

be changed. Drugs will not help :1 case

of this kind. (live her 1 oz. of ground

geiitian, 1/: oz. powdered cint-hona bark

and ’1 dr. ground nux vomiczi at a dose

as :1 tonic in her t‘et-tl twice a day.





li‘t-eder cattle and the light stock steers

have had severe def-line in value within

the past ten days. recent sales of good

quality fleshy feeding steers at $6.7z'itir7

being On a basis We lon’or than such

grades sold two weeks ago and the me-

dium to good 700 to 800—lb. steers are

also that much lower. Decline has come

as a result of a little increase in the

mOVement from thewest. and Dal‘tl(‘u~

larly into the Kansas City and Omaha

inarkeds. S-ome pharply lower selling

there influenced a break at Chicago and

the past week has been the- best one in

a long time as judged from the view-

point of those who have. grass and noth—

ing to eat it. Previous to the break

prices were as sigh as ever known.





 

   

 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





\

9,.





 

 

 





 





‘ your case. rm



and Advice—A



Write—mi there is nothing so costly as delay.

' ' —Im orted' d



W ”“A tempererasure-“-Y-. Ingleslde Shropshire. mt. A. shorts come .... ... J- c. an m. c........., m...



" ‘ ‘ ’ ‘ ’ ‘ ‘ A. fine lot of ram lambs for this yearls tra 0 See them





 





[\i





Sale-tomb





THE





”W .'.‘r J/{,





 





MICHIGAN ’FAR'MER. ‘ SEPT. 7. 1612.





 

 

   





 

 

   





\r I u

~ A~

, ~>“‘9 .l p.\





sg‘li’t'gfigh—yx V ‘ - "W71\‘/ jig?" «tr

— t Patten Your Hogs. , «.5 page?





([7,.





a .

Cheaper—Quicker . y ”/76.

. . The quickly [attested hog is the only real mortgagelifter. Every 24 hours you WV."

cut oil marketing day means money saved. But don’t let the amount of food given our ‘ l i J





Dr. Hess Stock Tonic

contains:

In: Venice. Digestive

and Nerve Tonic.

Qua-ls. Digestive Tonic

and Worm Expellcr.

Sulphate 0! Iron. Blood

Builder and General

Tonic.

Sulphate of Soda. Lnxn~

tive and Liver Tonic.

Common 8.1%. Appetizer.

Cleanser.

Epsom sun. Laxative.

stem. of Potash. Stim-

ulates kidneys.

Charcoal. Prevents

Noxious Gases.





. Penugruk. Tonic and





Aromatic.



The above is carefully

compounded by Dr.Hess

(M.D.,D.V.S.). with inst

enough cereal mea to

make a perfect mixture.





~ Vi hogs persuade on that they gain in weight proportionately—nothing counts except ‘ e Iood that Is





 





 





fif’-.

I.





and Roup.





 

 

 





DR. HESS POULTRY PAN-A-GEA. A poultry tonic to make hens lay more eggs, toning up the dormant

egg organs, keeping roosters vigorous and making little chicks grow quicker and stronger.

Contains iron to build up and nitrates to expel the waste from the system. Cost hardly worth considering—a

penny’s worth feeds thirty fowls per day. Sold on the same money-back guarantee as Dr.

25c (mail or express 40c); 5 lbs. 60c; 12 lbs. $1.25 ; 25 lb. pail $2. 50 (except in Canada and extreme West).

If your dealer cannot supply you, we will. Send 2c for Dr. Hess 48—page Poultry Book, Free.





 

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





.. ti

“rested. But. ordinarily. the hog wastcsapart oi its ration through non-diges- .

lion .‘ Nearly 20 years ago Dr. Hess (M.D., D.V.S.) introduced '





DR. HESS STOCK TONIC *





A preparation composed of bitter tonic: which act directl on the animal's digestive organs, materially lessen

ilk There is nothing secret





the amount of food wasted and convert more of the ration nto flesh, muscle and m '. _

about the contents of Dr. Hess Stock Tonic—the ingredients are boldly printed on every $ackage and are printed

in the panel on the left hand side of this advertisement with the rem arks of the U. S. iSpensatory and other

eminent medical authorities showin the highly stimulating tonic and laxative properties of the ingredients

used in the preparation of Dr. Hess tack Tonic. To put up and properly compound this scientific prepara-

tion your druggist would charge you many times the price of Dr. Hess Stock Tonic. Give as directed



this tonic in every hog’s feed daily and you'll fatten 7

them cheaper and quicker.



Our proposition. You get of your dealer 3. 251b.

pail of Dr. Hess Stock Tonic at $1.60, or 100le. at

$5.00 (smaller quantities at a slight advance) ex-

cept in Canada. and extreme West and South. Use

it all winter and spring. If it doesn’t pay you

and pay you well. get your money back. Every

pound sold on this guarantee. ' If your dealer

can’t supply youI we will.



FREE. Dr. Hess (M.D.,D.V.S.) will at any time pre-

scribe for your ailln animals free of charge if you y- cs

will send him fu ldetails. Mention this paper ._ , .

and send 2c stamp. 96-page Veterinary 3"





Book also free. ‘

on. HESS a. cunx. _:~

Ashland, Ohlo r:





Also cures Gapes, Cholera





Hess Stock Food. 1% lbs.





ms TA NTL cuss mum «us use





Put Horse to Work and Cure Him





‘ Signed Contract. to Return M ”18’ if Remedy Fails. OUR

‘ . a CHARGES ARE MODEBAT





d we will send our—BOOK—Snmple Contract.

LL FREE to (Home Owners and Managers). type. Geo. P. Andrews. Dansville. Ingham 00.. Mich. Du ROG ‘IERSEY "“10 F811 and

Winter Boers,





 





 





SAVE-THE-HORSE SPAVIN REMEDI- For Sale, 0xioril Down gastritis: WROG JERSEYS"Sii&f§.f:t::prettiest?





(Crude flux Bogiptemd.) , different ages. S. E. GILLETT. Ravenner. Ohio.





Choice breeding. Prices reasonable. rite

and see. B. G. VIVIAN. R. No. 4. Monroe?rfi(igl£





Bug BamabulllelS—mu ewes. 35 rams all in perfect ‘

. ' . health. Come and see me or ”Ukoc JERSEY SW!“ —'1}IE_BIG KIND.

' t f - , ’ — ‘ ‘ W

liliuoori’ircéfifxi’i"Fulfilrif‘iifii;Mll‘iileulfeilbi‘fixmxi'i? wunm- F- A- LAMB & SUN. Cauchixiiis. yiiti‘iéif

Oxford Down Shes “6°“ “am“ “e” ”“300 133334?” F°°di°h°is°§ h° ~‘“‘d “‘35

tonne. I. n. WATER}; Il‘lléfsllgglgng‘gfigliliagfi Mv A- BRAY- 0122:3021 llrzhagifio-‘fluigiils





3 SHROPSHIRE RAMS DUROC JERSEYS, HERD IMMUNE l0 BHflLERA.





CAREY U. EDMONDS. Hastings. Michigan.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





7 I'1 'earling. $15; 1 2-year-old $20; 1 4-' id

16‘ YEARS A SUCCESS. s. heal ram) 515. Will deliver . or. 10th. Dear-o (our .

EDriginnted the Plan of‘l‘re itiiig Horses by Mail—Under LONG BEACH FARM' Augusta. M‘IChIgan' DUI'OG Jersey 8“ INE' Spring and summer pigs for





 





sale both sexe . I .

yeatsexperienoe. J H. BANGliAltTFi) Express 25





E. But first write tescribing SHROPSHME YEARLIIG"€£§.,§;,’.°:§O ‘02:: (11:11:; :15 - arising. Mich.





 





ready for service. Prices ri ht. for 10 days. Write or





win-t-untrm-mrsentby usExwe-‘H’repaid- at. the ram. HERBERT E POWELL Ionla Mich

. ' ~ ' POLAND-CHINA SWINE





 

 

 

 

   

   

 

   





‘QCURESfiW

'7’.’.HEAVES_ /





MINERAL H005.





HEAV

' ' -—Y . n . _ ‘

U53” 50 E Durocs and Victorias "“8 “m" ““9 M“ & AW- reasonabie prices. ALLEN Enos. Paw Paw. Mich.

., ears





Agents Wanted ;. ' ..

Write for descriptive booklet E





lineal “can Remedy 00-463me Av... Pittsburgh.





 





Bred for September. R. W. MILLS. Saline. Mich.





Big Smooth Poland China Hogs éifii‘leaifiieii.“ift





 





 





Bred to Isl; grize and champion





REMEDY boar. Priced tomove them. M.T. tory. Lowell.Mich





—B d

Eifiitisriritinls ffir Séile~M§trch “lira-owed 1mm and Polam‘lNCliinas aiiefiobfithlgigtilein$23;

gi 3.31m y an Home rince? , tw - 3 'e. . . A -

Lady Francis A. A. PATTULLO. Deckggvill§3§fiblh pm I H GELS A ' “new Mloh‘gan‘





 





' —Bis type Bpr'm pigs ethe

. I r —Best breeding; bestt . _ POLAND ch‘s 8110 ch .‘ ' r sex, alfio

Quick "alums BerkShlr“ Satisfaction guaranggeed bucks. Prices right. BBB§filpfillfléfilv3lefid Ufitord

or money refunded. o. s. BARTLETT. Pontiac. Mich. ' 0" ‘Ch'





 





2i ,

/ ‘. POLAND OHINAS—Gilts and Yearling sows bred





 





 





 





‘Your Horse 0 . . . . .

. BERKSHIREs— hoice indivtdunls. either sex from for first of Sen: farm“. f .

: the Champion Herd of the Th. b E. D. BISHOP. ' ' a ”w “8 types

522:! glean! , M" cur. "w c”. or . . Mich. ELMHURST STOCK FARM. Almollt.ul'l’li(~lf nice 38. Lake Odessa. Mich.

, “ money rotunded —Either ac ,

PERMANENT J 81 Package Weaned pigs Ellhtir sex $15 PolANn CHIN thin gooxd :ltl 3gp?” 82:2.

6 u R E : cums Ordinary cases gxsffiioslfiéiii’gri'im 535$; bred P. D. LONG' 8' No" ' Grand “abide. lich-

, ' . . . 4 ‘l 2m rang. , .

g -. Postpaid on receipt of price. fen-ed" Excellent breeding. Choice ipdividuals. ~Homo of Mi h‘ . , . .

~ - c. c. COREY. New Haven. Michigan, POLAND CHIMS ion Bum. Sgwl§”(§5t‘;fggg (12:25:.





 





Priced to sell. E. . MATHEWSUN. Nottnwa, Mich.





—Spring igs. cith ,

Improved Chesters Hex, All...) have"; ARC-E TYPE 9. C.—Largest in Mich Co

choice young boat and a few sows bred for early [all see 3‘93‘65‘5 herd 0f big, PI‘OHfiU P.G in stuttlwnesgag





 





 





Doy

from $1.00





one of them.

paying profs-don our Free

assist you yosecure a osition

wages while you are earnin

Wri _

and testimoma





where you can earn fipod

_ filth-action! Salesmans in.

to today for full partscu

I letters from hundreds 0 our students

for whom we have recently secured good positions





furrow. W. 0. WILSON. ()kemos. Mich. BOth phones avg. 10 '88 to litter. Free liver 1 h .

' satisfies. order earlyund et t-hoié§.x33iifirgigli§i§igt





 





 





. _ . quality considered. Vi . Livi .‘t P- '

Reg. ChCSler Whlls Both sexes and bred gilts. also up on. arma, Mmh'

sex-Viceahlte registered Holstein POLAND cmu‘s—Young sows bred for April furrow.





on want a good posltlon where you can earn

0 to $5,000 a year and expenses?

There are hundreds of such positions now open.

No former ex crience as a Salesman required to get

1’ you want to enter the world's boat





3

bulls. Bargains. RAY PARHAM Bronson Mich

. . . E l: ' ' '

.22.? :7... _..._. _,_ .. . . L. w. BARNES & suitrlaffgg. sffiiit‘iiiigflifi‘ehfien

o. I. 0. Estimated Stu-Ber“ 3.... - L ”I

. as. no a 1

Fair Winners. Avondale Stock Farm. VgayxnglflMighe Blg T e P' 0' sows bred to Big

A A.





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





001) a son. Saline. Migfli‘é’a‘kni“





 





loymentBuresuwill

o. '- COS—All ages. growthy‘and large. sows bred.





M l d , 100 -

m... “whfififii Esssrgfi'tnttfinttr "0 Y0m "MWUHIH sous FOR SALE





9; list of d openings

T' F‘ MARSTON- Bay City. Michigan.





 





0 9 —I have some very fine and wth last

- L C 8 fall pigs either sex m l and f y M ‘30 50W ‘

vice now. airs not akin. 0:1.T88%Te§05h8i%8fi "lefOOt Ho 8 bred. Alsgp?;dn°(gl‘£§?





 





paying from $100.00 to $500.00 a month and expenses.

Address nearest office. Dept. 203

National " ' '3 T. ' ' ‘ ' "





Chicago new Varli Kansas City Seattle





Nashville. ich.. half mile west. of depot. BM“ 3“ “ges' G' 0- REGLOW’ Ada. Ohio





5 of superi l't,. 17 h ' ' ' ' —B . - .

0"- c s or qua i v c cioe young Ffog salsa-king: shIre GIHS tlirrillalgxg-drm“





tits and 11 to y young boars. Pairs ugust. gs, both sex“ WATFRMA or;





 

 

 

 





 





‘1‘": Orleans Intent-





 





 





FOR SALE, CH EAPI UR Imp. Chester Whites and Tamworth swine won





IMPORTED PERCHERON STALLION. a. ton f 245.1“ “Fairs in It'll Service boars. also sows bred

horse. Sound. A Colt getter or will trade for end auto. .or spring farrowpf “the“ breed that will please 3'0“

J. C. in quality and price. Adams Bros. Litchfleld. Mich. I





BUTLER. Portland. Michigan. Bel phone.





. k‘ . w ‘- 1 v . . 0

no d m 1‘ LD NICKL ' Monroe, Michigan. WATERMAN. Meadow Land Farm Ann Arbor Mich





 





 





 





or write B. 1“.





qli‘iality for sale.





, . . . . .

0' Lo 3 With size & quality. the kindIcan positively I have more than 5700 swine on in farm and am sell





uarantee to ive satisfaction or Will ref d i ‘ .

PER CH ERO N S money. ewman’s Stoc Farm.R.No. LMarlette. M llclli figfgggllggfigagf rgoafsaglnvziosrlgghts olzngnyhdggngfig

a t; “mu" market. Price ‘for fat vorke

. . . . . , . rs on day

bred for utility as well as show uality. Stable w Write me I .0: 8‘118' SOWS to fan-ow soon included. T

includes several international winners. Three 0.' I: C. s INE rice on Sprig; $86 113311“. are Chalet. pr°°f and PYOHfiOhgsrgegggg

“no” Stallil(l)‘lnD(lgllt§O(§ 0“va Pigs, 3‘" and “‘0“ not 8H1!- ave a number lgs at are 6 to 10 weeks 01d at $3 to 34. '





 





N.3.Ad‘ .M'h. ofservoemalesofgoodty .W‘te

a m... .c of your wants. A. J. GORDlEN' afhoi‘hfiiif‘gfiggé ALVAll BROWN’S PIG FARM.Grimd sandwich.





 





Ass' 11..

m





_,___w_..._._.._.. 0 I C flossoflullasesbred sows andgiltg'ser- I .

33mm, DIRECTORY. ....°. were traits“intermarriage Llllle Farmstead YURKSHIHES.





For Sale and dogs





 





—B’ tees. cattle. shee . swine. poultry . .

o no...” at i. a... Sires O. l. C.——0rdm Booked For Spun Pigs. largFe Yorkshires—Efigllg..°§.wmwgfichym

gun





1‘06

h . 3 th West Michigan Pedigreed Stock

exc an avid Vggodman. Bec'y.-Treaa..Paw Pamlflicb. C. J' THOMPSON. ROCUOHL Me an. State





 





 





 





air. see them. W. 0. 000K. R. 42. Ada. Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





A few choice Gilts bred for September furrow. good





’

SHEEP. 0. I. C S at March ad ”AW“ “"0“” 01185- SDI“! Pia. either sex. pairs and trio: not





 





Hampshires





imported rain for

for sale. All restate





 





—-Who want- 18 ood ewes and

owe lambs? ans a good Elm-lit;é UBOO JERSEY SWINE-Thirty ”Wigs. brood





3%. Also run lain sows. Breeding the best 1

red. 13. A. Hardy. master Mich. sndsoethein. ORLO L. Dofis'iin‘iuqu ncty, $33? when won are writing to II





311i Ded on a roval

one GBEENMA , or 0.9.4. akin. Satin ”no

N‘ R 4' fi"“°"“°' Em)“ 00-. Mlcn- COLON c.n lfifl§%oopersvllle. inci-





have





 





 





ALWAYS mention the mic“ MIME!

verifier:
SEPT. 7, 1912.





 





YffiYYYYfiVYYVYVYYYVYVY—YI.





THE DAIRY ,





WM

CONDUCTED BY COLON C. LILLIE.

POWDERED ' MILK.





 





Some ‘time ago.a subscriber asked

through these columns some information

in regard to powdered milk. The writer

is fortunately located only two miles

from one of the most up-t'o-date and

largest powdered milk factories in the

country. A photograph, showing a bird’s-

eye view of the factory is shown here-

with. This factory was built at an ex-

pense of nearly $100,000 and is strictly

modern in every feature and “spick and

span” methods of sanitation are observ-

ed from the taking in of the fresh milk

until its exit as a finished floured pro-

duct



Space forbirds an extended account of

all the methods employed here .in the





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





five head of cows. He wanted them

free from tuberculosis. I told him they

had never been tested but that he could

test them if he~wanted to and if they

had tuberculosis they wouldn’t cost him

a cent. I never heard from him after-

wards.





Dr. L. H. Schuh, a prominent veteri-

narian has been telling me that I ought

to have my herd tested. Tuberculosis

has been feund in many herds around

Grand Rapids. One dairy herd in the

north end of the city was entirely wiped

Out by this dread disease. I told Dr.

Schuh that I had no tuberculosis but, of

course, he knew that I didn’t know. A

year ago We had .a cow die from some

digestive trouble. I had Dr. Schuh come

down and hold a post mortem examina-

tion and he looked carefully and could

find no evidence whatever of tubercu—

losis. He asked me why I felt so sure

I didn't have tuberculosis and I told him

because tuberculosis was a. barn disease,

because the people who had tuberculosis





 





 





General View of Powdered





manipulation of the milk through its var-

ious stages to its powdered state, but I

will make brief mention of some of the

chief operations.



All milk used is strictly fresh and only

of a uniform 'test, that is, aiest of a

certain per cent butter-fat, which is var-

Ied to suit the demands of the particular

t‘rade catered to. Powdered milk is prin-

cipally used by confectioners and bak-

ers, but enters also into culinary pur-

poses of any household in ccoking, bak-





ing, etc.

The milk is, after minor operations,

sprayed uniformly over superheated





steam drums or cylinders made to revolve

slowly; a series of flat knives or scrapers

are so arranged near these cylinders at

the bottom thatl by the time the now

cooked or dried milk reaches this part

of its journey it is soraped or pared off

in the form of narrow and very thin,





transparent ribbons. Other machines

conveyors, etc., carry and dry these to

a state of perfect crispness, without





burning or scorching them in the least.

These ribbons of milk are not ground, as

many suppose, into fiour but are render-

ed into a powdered state by what is

known as attrition. It is then packed

ready for market in various sized pack-

ages and drums. One hundred pounds of

milk, varying somewhat, of course, make

something like 11 pounds of the finished

Clean, high-testing milk is the

main requisite, required of patrons by

the managers and, strictly speaking,

herds producing a low—testing milk are

not eagerly sought.



Cheese, butter and caseine are also

products of this factory and form alarge

part ,of the money making part. The

by-product, caseine, is a hard, tough sub—

stance of some elasticity and after sub-

sequent treatments is employed in the

manufacture of buttons, handles, toilet‘

articles, etc.



Gratiot Co.





product.





G. A. RANDALL.

VENTILATION AND TUBERCU.

LOSIS.





 





I have never had my herd of cows

tested for tuberculosis or given the tuber-

cular test until recently. It was as much

neglect on my part as anything, and

yet I never felt that there was any dan-

ger. I have always believed my herd was

free from tuberculosis. I will admit that

you can’t tell by the exte'rnal looks of

a. cow. There is no known way of de—

termining, but I felt all the while that

the cows were perfectly healthy so far

tuberculosis was concerned. When Isold

animals I guaranteed them free of tuber—

culosis. One “time a. man from Illinois

came over here and purchased four or





 





Milk Factory at Elsie, Mich.





didn’t give their stables proper ventila—

tion. The cows that breathe pure air all

the while would not have tuberculosis,

even if they did have they would re-

cover from it if they were kept in a

properly lighted and properly ventilated

barn.



I remember hearing a lecture by the

veterinarian of the Illinois Experiment

Station, delivered at an Illinois State

Dairymens’ Association at one time in

which he told about their experimenting

with tuberculosis at the college. Cows





put on another bucket of coal when need-

ed, there would be less consumption or

tuberculosis in a few years than there

is now. It is because people are careless

about the air they breathe. With the

human being it is a. house disease and

with the bovine race it is a barn disease.



Well, recently I understand that several

important herds have been tested for

tuberculosis and got many reactions. One

pure—bred herd near the city of Grand

Rapids had several leactions, and I fin—

ally could not resist Dr. Schuh’s appeal

to have my herd tested, and so he came

down and we worked at it two days care--

fully, took four temperatures before in-

jecting the tuberculin, then injected the

tuberculin, and took five temperatures

afterwards varying two hours in time.

In not one instance did we get a reac—

tion. In not one instance was the max—

imum temperature after injectiOn a half





a degree above the maximum tempera-‘





ture before injection. Of course, I feel

better now than I did before, and

yet, as I say, I was confident that I

didn’t have any tuberculosis before, but

now I am sure of it.



Of course, I do not purchase many out-

Side animals. The most of my herd is of

my own breeding. Only occasionally 13

buy a new herd bull. This, of course,

does not expose the herd to outside in-

uence and undoubtedly has shielded it

in a large measure from this disease,

but as I say, I believe that the reason

for the absence entirely of tuberculosis

is largely because the cows have been

kept in a properly lighted and ventilated

stable, and if this is so a few dollars in-

vested in ventilation and window glass

in the stable is an investment in the

right direction

AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE HITCH



OF THE MODEL COW STALL.





 





 





 





On page 118 of the August 17 issue of

the Michigan Farmer I noticed a discus-

sion of" “The Model COW Stall,” in which

you spoke of the difficulty of getting some

cows to step forward and lay down on

the bed of straw. I put in four stalls

from one of your descriptions of the stall

about three years ago and had this some

trouble. Then it occurred to me that the

fault was in hitching the cow in properly,

so I used what is known to some as the

old Dutch hitch. This is a pole with a

ring on it, the pole slanting back to-

wards the cow at the top. I put this

pole from the front side of the grain

manger to about six inches back of top

side of hay rack along side of left par-

tition. Then I use an ordinary cow hitch

chain, leaving about 12 or 14 inches of

chain between ring on pole and cow's





 





Interior View of Butter-Working Depart ment.





that had tuberculosis were put into a

well ventilated and well lighted stable.

together with cows that did not have

tuberculosis. At the end of a year the

cows had recovered and they did not

communicate the disease to the well

cows. On the other hand, cows that

were free from tuberculosis were put in

a poorly lighted, poorly ventilated stable,

together with cows that had tuberculosis

and at the end of a year they all had

tuberculosis. It is said that cows taken

from the Island of Jersey, where tuber-

culosis is unknown, up into Denmark and

Northern Germany or into Scandinavia,

a. cold climate, and put into barns, in a

few years have tuberculosis. It is a

barn disease.



I don’t think there is any use in hu—

man beings having tuberculosis if they

would only ventilate their houses. If

they would smash out some of the glass

in the sleeping rooms and not put them

in again, and then to supply more heat





neck. The cow can not possibly lay too

far back and still she is allowed the free—

dom of her head to reach :1“ parts of

stall to lick herself and lay with her

head around to either side, as you so

often see them lay in pasture and so

seldom in a. stall.



Montcalm (To. S. J. H.



If this manner of hitching the cow

will prevent the cow from lying too far

back, keep her on the bed, it certainly

is a great improvement where cows do

not seem to know enough to step for—

ward whcn they lie down. As I have

said before, most all of our cows do

know enough for this. and it is natural

for a cow when she goes to lie down to

step ahead, but some of them don‘t seem

to know enough to do this and they con-

tinually lie back. It not only makes it

very inconvenient for them because they

have to lie over the edge of the 2x4 but

it also gets them soiled with the drop--

pings. For my part I am very much

obliged to S. J. H. for this idea and I

shall try it out at once as we have one





(9) 181





TOWER’S'FISI'I BRAND

POMMELSLICKER





Keeps both rider

and saddle perfectly dry.

Made for rough wear and

long service in the wettest

weather.





SATISFACTION GUARANTEED.

:WER’S; LOOKFORTHISPIARK

”mm“ or EXCELLENCE





$5.50 EVERYWHERE

A. J .TOWER Co.





BOSTON.





TOWER Cmum‘ lJ'D.

' TORONTO.





 

 





 

 

 





 

 





   

 





 

 





 





m





   





l





   

   

 

 

 





"The I3 GET TChoo/Etst'





Don’t for-

get that. It's the cut-

; ter that is honest-built



fromtrucktostackerthatyou’ll ‘

buy some day. In simplicity, dur-

ability, enormous capacity. economi-

cal power, absolute safety and fine,

uniform silage. the Silberzahn



gives the very fullest

~ satisfaction.





‘ . .' £2: . '



, {Wf Pan/710‘ \

511.1315.sz AH



E 5/5574? ”/k’r"

Buyitnow. Sidetrack , .

all possible chance of disappoint

ment. Rigidly guaranteed. Send for -Z. ,

New Catalog. prices and [Lime of van:





dealer today- Gehl Bros. Mfg. Co. 123;. Water St. ' .

eslBond,Vlls. ‘





 





   

 

 

 

 





 





 

     





 





 

 

 





 

   





..._ _...___- -.._.— “M.M~_N





 





 





More Butter in

Less Time





than by any other chum or method.

The Norcross Improved Butter

Separator makes butter out of

Sweet or Sour cream by air in

from 3 to lo minutes. Will ray for it-

self in butter gain over the 0 cl method

In few weeks. _Abaolutely Guar-

l ' _ unteed. Saniia marvel—wonder

of the age. Four sizes. I to I5 gallons. End for catalog.



‘N’ Liberal terms to responsi-

Agents ‘. anted ble men and Women in

open territory. High-grade proposition. Sells at sight.



. We will ship the 'Norcross" direct on receipt of price,

With the guarantee that money will be refunded if not

as represented. _Put it to your own test with your own

cteam. Ian t that fair?



AMERICAN CHURN C0., Dept. 11





Union Bank Building Pittsburgh. Pa.





Test this harPress

I-RtE » :0 days .





.. -_.__ ,.._ I ~ \ ‘

Spencer 5 Steel Alligator

with 60-inch feed hole can bale 2% tons an

hour or it; is yours free.



Would such a baler interest you?

Write today for FREE Catalog. '

L A. SPENCER, Dwight Illa, ‘

I21 Wllllam street





a,





 





 





 





 





   





 

   

   

   





 





When building your silo build one for good





nu; iMPVERfiguciBLBE ksno





Decay-proof. storm-proof, expense-proof

Write for free catalogue today.





NATIONAL FIRE PROOFING COMPANY

Ag riculturol Dept. A. Pittsburgh, Pa.





SCA ‘GET





 





OUT





GET OUR OFFER.



OUR ENSILAGE CUTTER with traveling table

and enclosed steel carrier, the host thing you ever

saw. with engine to drive it, for less than $260 and it

CUTS 5 T0 7_TONS PER HOUR Also smaller

ones. Our engines give highest possible economy.

Our prices are n ht. on Power Pumps, Spray Pumps,

Feed Grinders,‘Lmery Grinders, For es, Wood Saws,

etc. You cannot afl’ord to miss our 0 er.

CHAPMAN ECONOMIZER ENGINE WORKS,



MARGELLUS, MIOH.





STRONGEST FEIIGE MADE





FROM FACTORY DIRECT TO FARM

’ 26-inch flog Fence, ...... 15c.

47-inch Farm Fence,- --23’;§c.

60-inch PouItry Fence-- -. 306.

' 80-rod spool Barb Wire, $1.40





“Many styles and heights. Our large Eree Catalog

contains fence information you should have.





COILED SPRING FENCE CD. Box 21 Winchester, Ind.





CEDAR FENCE POSTS.





GEORGE M. GHIIIIIIEII. Onaway, Michigan.
.35'3‘??? 33:14. '. ,-. :.





I.

.1‘



t.



'5:





182





or two cows now that in spite of the

fact that we have "a large stone which

we put behind them to force them to

lie up in the stall will work this stone

back and back in the filth.





h...—





BREEDING, FEEDING AND WEEDING.





BREEDING, feeding and weeding are





(10)





 





three cardinal factors in the de—

velopment of a profitable dairy

business. Oii first, importance is the

breeding of the cow. Large milk yields

cannot be produced by an unbalanced

cow. Good feeding cannot offset the

handicap of inferior breeding. *Years ago

there was much discussion over the rela

tive importance of breeding. and feeding.

Experience soon proved, however, that:

both factors were equally important. The

best-informed dairymen now contend that

all the large factors must be considered

if the best returns are to be obtained.

They name the breeding of the cownrst,

then feeding, and last weeding. Get. a’

good cow. That is sound advice. Feed

her right. Build up her system by feed-

ing her all the grasses, clover, alfalfa, cat

and pea hay and corn silage she will eat.

Some additional grain or by—product

foods may be used to enable her to keol‘:

up a maximum milk flow. Buy a pair of

scalcs and a Babcock milk tester and find

out how much milk and butter she is

producing and how much it costs a gal-

lon or pound to produce it. It is an in-

vestment that will pay as surely as day

follows night. Put money and thought

into the dairy business and it will pay It

back many fold.

liow are we to breed up our dairy herds

so as to improve their productive qual—

ities? It is my judgment that one of the

greatest mistakes that dairy farmers

make is in relying so much upon their

individual cows for the improvement of

dairy qualities when he should rely al-

most wholly upon the sire. because he

imparts his qualities, whatever they may

be. good or bad. to every calf which is

born into the herd every year. How to

secure a suitable sire is the dairyman's

most perplexing problem. Unfortunately

we have but few ln‘cedcrs who are breed—

ing the right kind of dairy sires. It is

true that many men are mating animals

of the some breed, but this kind of

brooding does not produce the kind of

sires needed to carry out the successful

dairy farmer’s ideas of improvement. It

is the breeding bull that comes from a.

line of adruncod registry ancestry that

is needed to bring about the desired re-





sults in breeding.

Other factors besides mill; and butter





production must be taken into account.

The ability of the COW to take and handle

homo—grown foods, as Well as her years

of usefulness, the length of time she can

produce milk and butter. These must

come about by breeding. \Yhilc the av—

wage dairy farmer docs not have time

to study all of the problems of breeding,

he ought at least, to have respect enough

for his work so that when he goes into

pure-bred herds he will be able to select

:1 suitable animal to place at the head

of his herd, and not be afraid, as the ma-

jmily of dairy farmers are, of puyiug a

price that will give him the results of

which he will feel proud. in the animals

he will raise from that representative of

his herd. I want to say that my expe—

rience in breeding cattle has convinced

me that too much stress cannot be plac-

cd upon securing and maintaining the

desirable qualities which, we as dairy—

men, desire to have perpetuated in our

hcrds. constitution, capacity, longevity

and production.



Good cows are born and good cows

made. However, there are more poor

cows made out of good cows born, by

improper feeding than in any one way.

Many COWS are condemned as unprofit-

able when the fault: is with their owners

who do not give them proper feed and

care. In the feeding of dairy cattle, we

who are in it for the dollars and cents,

must recognize two distinct propositions

that we must ever hold before. us if we

succeed in the business. One is feeding

for production; and the other is feeding

for economy.



Experience shows us that we can feed

a much wider ration than we thought it

was possible to do years ago, and this

greatly helps the average farmer, for it

gives him an opportunity to make a.

wider use of his homegrown forage and

fodder crops, while if he were bound to

the original narrow ration he would be

obliged to buy more or less expensive

grain foods.



Another factor of profitable feeding is

that of understanding the individuality of

our cows, whether we have five cows or

fifty, it is important that we know what





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.





each cow is doing and what she can be

made to do. The only way to find out

these things is to introduce a. system of

business principles in our dairy work.

Know what We feed her, how much it

costs and how much she produces. The

dairy farmer who knows all these things

is always master of the situation. It

means that he can ‘make his cows pro~

duce the most milk and butter at the

least expense. Feeding reunites individ-

ual study and attention coupled with a

thorough knowledge of each cows wants.

We ,must. use common sense and never

subject hen to any sudden change that

{willI throw [her system out of balance,

for it is too delicately adjusted to con-

.forin to sudden changes. When we

change from silage to dry feed we must

be a little careful and when we change

from dry feed to silage we muSL be a

little careful, not to throw the cow out

lof condition. We must study the feed-

ing question each day, for there is no

part of our work of so much vital im-

portance as the question of judicious

feeding. To sum it up in a. few words.

raise everything possible on the farm for

the cows, store it in the most palatable

condition possible, and when feeding

are made. However, there are more poor

homegrown foods purchase only what

is necessary to furnish the cow with

the amount of protein she shows that

she requires by the scales and her

llesh condlition, ‘



Weighing and testing ate the search-

lights of the dairy business. They have

done more than anything else to set

dairyinen to doing their own thinking

about putting their dairies on a money-

making basis.

cows that are paying good profits and

that we have cows that We had better

weed out and dispose of. It proves that

our farm crops will pay more if fed to

good cows than they will bring in the

market, there-by removing the fertility

of the land and reducing our income.



We are in the dairy business to make

a living and some money. It is the net

profits we are after, and we want cows

that will give the most net profit, not

necessarily a large yield, but a profitable

one. In some of the dairy localities in

the east the cows have been fed so long

upon heavy rations of grain foods that

they have lost their capacity to profitably

consume home-grown forage and fodders

and turn them into dairy products. Some

dairy farmers in these sections where

roughage is scarce feed as high as four

to six pounds a day of digestible protein.

Hay and roughage is scarce and they

feed these concentrates in their effort to

make heavy milk yields. There is dan-

ger of farmers in other sections drifting

in this direction if they do not consider

the problem 0‘. cheaper production. We

must have cows with the dairy capacity

to profitably utilize our home-grown feeds

with a minimum of grain if we succeed

in developing a profitable business. Find—

ing such cows is more a. matter of indi—

viduality than of breeding, and the only

way to find them is to find out how much

milk they give in a year and how much

feed they require to produce it. We





must know what they do with their

food. l’l'hether they make milk, beef or

allow a large part of its value to go





through them into the manure heap.

The time has come when a man who

wants good cows must breed and raise

them. If we depend up0n buying new

cows to replace the ones we discard we

will never succeed in getting any farther

ahead. In order to raise good cows We

mu5t adopt a system of breeding, feed-

ing and weeding and stick to it until we

succeed in accomplishing the desired pur-

pose. The breed, the family and the

sire form the trinity of successful breed-

ing everywhere. Systematic breeding.

liberal feeding and piling cross upon

cross of pure blood will insure success.

New York. W. NI'TLTO“ "— "Y.





AN OBJECTION TO THE MODEL

STALL





 





I wish to offer a. word of caution to

those contemplating putting in the model

cow stall. The slatted rack is not a suit-

able place to feed long cornstalks. The

cows will pull a large proportion of them

through between the slats and they get

under the cow’s feet and eventually in

the manure. Some of us like to feed

straw at noon, and after the cows have

picked out what they want throw the

rest under their feet for bedding. If you





feed in the racks of the model stall, you -





will have to take the straw out into the

alley and carry it around into the stable.

Livingston 00. H. M. WELLS.





A great offer to all la on page 202.

Don’t fall to read It.





 





It shows that we have





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





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LOOK FOR THE ELEPHANT HEAD





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BlllllilllillS’ DIRECTORY.

CATTLE.





ABERDEEN-ANGUS.





Herd. consisting of Troyjan Erica Blwkblrds and

Prides. only. in 1.0.404wa a Trojan Erica,

by Black Woodlawn. sire of t a Grand Chum ion steer

and bull at; the International in Chicago, “1910

A few choicely bred young hulls for sale.



WOODCOTE STOCK FARM. Ionla Mich.





AYRSHIRES‘SW‘ “we“ ....,

: young bulls



and bull calves for sale. Berkshire swine. All pure



bred. Michigan School for Deaf. Flint. Mich.





G U E R "5 EV STTWO hfioely marked Mbulll

liked“ Man:



at farmers prices. ALLAN KTE‘lL‘Lfi‘Ymfl) view, M1 ch



For sale—Regimens d Ayrshireso Bull Calves at





farmers' prices. afew cows

and heifers. E. A. BLACK i No 6. ALakeviow.Mich.





GUERNSEY.“ BULL CALVES for ‘sralleé



to pay, (Reg) W. W BURDféifiefingglaq-rtl‘ 311211.



GUERNSEY BULL CALVES, YORK-

SHIRE PIGS, Good Stock.





HICKS GUERNSEY FAR". Saginaw. W. 8.. Mich.





—I’io lettered GUERNSEY CATTLE.

For Sale Imgpa Yorkshire hogs, (y thor Rex,

JOHNEBELS...10 Holland Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





best. b-eeding





GUEHIISEIS"3.§§‘ZOA°‘§.'JE““A.1‘G“" 31:52.34; 03:2:

half usual price. (i. A atervllet, MIch.





BIGELOW’S

Holstein Farms





Breedsvllle, Mich.

have some 3. 4 and 5 year-old A. R. O.

cows for sale. Also some fine young

bulls by a 27-1b. sire.





Johanna Concordia Prilly De Kol,





The best bred yearling Bull

in the Slate, Is for Sale.

also cows and heifers bred to his sire, Johanna.





Concordia Champion. whose dam sires dam and

dams dam average a}. 57 lbs. butter in 7 dayS.





I.. s. couIIELL. - Fayette, Ohio.

IIIILSTEIII BIILL 3335:?15’3335'33. iii;





daughters in adv nncod try, out of a. grand





 





 





 





 





 





d3 ofDoKol 2min eButter}! Byo 3111.0



100 an rtenb in advanced Registr. A ”obeynutiful ‘baelf



or “(’15)“ medlnfinPrioe on y



C. OODB Y Lansing. ”Omichlnn.



F0 RAB LEz—G yearling Holstlein Fries-

lan Bulls.2 A.R 0.b bred. Some cows.



. -Aloo bull.i oavluflyears abreeder

Photos on up llcation. W._

O. Jock-0:. 113% "719 Box 81;.





"Don’t Fail





are writing to advertisers. » '





 





HOLSTEIN BULLS





Iam offering three bull calves from 5 to 6 months old.

sired by a son of the KING OF THE PONTIACS.

Dams are choice (lows racticaly full bloods. Here is

a chanceetlo) gag some of he beat blood for little mor ey.





. LEWIS. Marsh-ll. Michigan.





3! "

“Top-Notch Holstems.

Choice bull calves from '7 to 10 mos. old. of fashion-

able breedin and from dams with official milk and

butter recor s for sale at leasonable prices Also

a lovl choice female





McPHERSON FARMS 00.. Howell, Mlchlgan.





Ilolsieinre IluII mcardmvvegggg- flefifiri’gfii” wrung,





BeniorMZ-fiear-old,1t§.37 lbs. butter.

GaEORGE cErd LAPEA 8, St. Johns. Mich.





Holstein-Friesian Cattle‘fififi‘fi‘figfl?‘

GREGORY & BORDEN. Howell. Michigan.





 





 





 





 





Purebred Registered -

H OLSTE lN CATTLE

' , The Greatest Dairy Breed

ll send for FREE Illustrated Booklets

Holstein-Priming. Anson Box :64, Bratdcbom.Vt.





 





REGISTERD Holstein Cattle—'1‘ v.0 ood bull calves

erd headed b\ on erveld in Pietertje.

FLOYD F. JONES. R. F. .3, Oak Grove. Mich.





Big BUII Bar ain—ohodcegefijfltored





recdxg for SCI‘VIte Hall Bord. Ypsilanti Mich





NOTIC —I (37:31 fohioszle a fine thbmll‘ ealr- -old Jersey

co wo voun u on res at b

(J A. TAGGET'1. it. No.1 Caro. Migfi.





Lillie Farmstead Jerseys





(Tuberculin tested. Guaranteed free from Tuber-

culosis.) Several good bulls and bull calves out of

good dairy cows for sale. No females for sale at

present. Satisfaction guarante



COLO ON C. LILLIE. Cooperaville. Mich.





gain prices





JERSEYS AND DUROO JERSEYS

FER SAL LE





A few high-class boars from such 11

Orion Chiff. ”Instructor. land lKingws cots on 11131129120 “3.8133





BBOOKWTTEEO “Flam? III Ilia'on "lawn. hll. r. 0.1

Cattle For Sale.





IS’I‘OL Fenton. Michigan.





BUTTER BRED JERSEY 83%13





CRYSTAL SPRING STOCKF R.M

mvor Croek. Allmn County. Michigan.





RED POLLED?°$$§3£2§$L$3§J

J. M. CHASE 6': 50 . lonll. Michigan





RED POLLED BULLS FOR SAL “3°31...





strains. J OHN BEBNERII SON, Grand Ledge. Michg.





 





Jeerse

A. B





 





 





 





 





to mention the Michi-

gan Farmer when you





 





 





..*"‘:*v,~.~.r, L...
SEPT. 7, 1912. ,





MILK SHOULD RETAIL AT TEN

CENTS.



Your answer to B. M.’s query concern-

ing the retailing of milk at seven cents

a quart interested me. The tone of your

article would hardly inspire confidence in

such a project. You have stated the

case fairly, but your conclusion is not

justified by your discussion. Your better

judgment seems to dictate at least eight

cents per quart but several years’ expe-

rience in the retail trade leads me to

say, that you are still two cents below

the correct mark for the retail price of

clean commercial milk.



To one fully appreciating what the pro-

duction of clean milk means, a careful

reading of your reply would lead us to

infer that no individual should think of

entering the market milk business with

any idea of obtaining a. reasonable profit

for less than ten cents a quart. Of

course. much depends upon the quality

of milk produced, but we assume a milk

testing from 4% 'to 5 per cent butter-fat.



in the first place, A. M. can't buy a

ration that will produce a maximum flow

of milk from any herd of cows. A dairy—

man, if he makes a profit, must be a

dairying farmer. We don’t care what he

gets for his milk.



We believe three elements are essen—

tial to the success of any dairy—the

dairyman, the herd, and the farm. The

farm must be capable of producing at

least seven or eight tons of good corn

silage and about four tons of alfalfa hay

per cow each year. This, the most eco—

nomical ration to be obtained for the

production of milk, you can‘t buy at any

price in any market—~hence the necessity

of a, good farm back of the dairy.



A herd to be profitable, must average

6,000 lbs. of 41/; per cent milk per year;

the average herd will do but little better

than two—thirds of this. To obtain a

profitable herd means several years of

careful breeding, or the investment of a

large sum of money in cows that will

produce a profit. The dairymzm must be

a scientific farmer, an artist at the care

and feeding of a dairy herd and a high-

class business man, ‘to deal with the

public in disposing of his product at a

price to give him a living profit—sail of

which ability Will sell on the market at

$3,000 a year and expenses in most any

other line directed.



My advice to B. M. would be, if he can

make $1.50 a day and board—have his

Sundays and holidays to get acquainted

with his family, he better keep out of

the retail milk business at seven cents

a quart. The only way to make anything

selling milk at seven cents a quart is to

find some farmers who don’t know what

it costs 'to produce milk, (and their num-

ber is legion), and pay them 12 or 15

cents a gallon for their milk delivered in

10 gallon lots. You are correct, Mr. Edi~

tor, that the farmer should bottle the

milk on the farm but when the. farmer

bottles the milk on the farm and ships to

the retailers in the city, good clean com—

mercial milk will retail at 10 and 12 cents

a quart, according to the butter—fat con—

tained. Cities will never secure a pure

milk supply and farmers will never Se-

cure a. reasonable price for their milk un—

til municipalities compel all milk to be

bottled by the producer.



Kent Co. RETAILER.





TREAT COWS KINDLY.





 





One of the influences which contributes

greatly to the comfort of the cow and to

the success of the dairyman is the treat-

ment which the cow receives at the hands

of her owner or the person who cares for

her. There are many instances where

the best of dairy cows were used, and

where good methods of feeding were

practiced, and still results fell far short

of what might reasonably have been ex—

pected, simply because “the cows did not

receive that kindly treatment which is

so e8sential in their management.



The dairyman who has learned to han-

dle his COWS so that they are fond of

him, and are pleased to have him come

around, has learned one of the most val-

uable lessons that it is possible for him

to learn. The most successful dairymen

are intimately acquainted with every cow

in their herd. The same affection which

prompts the mother cow to do all she can

for her'calf will prompt her to do all she

can for her owner when he treats her

with due respect. Scientific investiga-

tions have proven the truth of this state-

mont.



Each cow in the herd should have a

name which should always be spoken

when she is approached. The kindly

word spoken to a. cow, supplemented by

kindly treatment in general, will often





THE .MICHIGAN FARMER.





accomplish wonderful results. Careful

experiments have demonstrated that a

very common cow will produce quite sat—

isfactory results when cared for prop-

erly.





indiana. L. C. DAVIS.





MILK PRESERVATION.

Methods of Keeping Milk Sweet.



It is not uncommon to find as many as

five million bacteria in every cubic centi-

metre (five drops) of milk, and when

this is contrasted with the fact that milk

as contained in the udder of the cow is,

to all intents and purposes, sterile, the

enormous amount of contamination which

takes place, after the milk has been

drawn from the cow presents a grave

problem to all concerned in milk produc-

tion; and in view of the admitted danger

which is incurred. more particularly by

the infantile population of the country,

by'the use of such milk~as a food, the

solution of this problem should receive

immediate. and unremitting attention.



Refrigeration.



Milk, being such a splendid food for

human beings, must naturally afford a

similar amount of nourishment to bac—

teria, which multpily more rapidly at a.

warm temperature than when the milk

is cold. It therefore follows that a. term

perature maintained at freezing point

will arrest the action of the germs pres-

ent in tire milk; and it being sometimes

difficult to produce this effect by the

agency of atmospheric temperature, the

use of coolers or'refrigerators is gener-

ally resorted to. Contamination may,

however, easily arise owing to the larger

surface exposed to the atmosphere in its

passage over the cooler, and if kept or

used in dirty or dusty places, they may

prove a serious source of admitting- bac-

teria to the milk. Much of this contam—

ination might be avoided if coolers were

kept and used in a thoroughly clean place

or dairy, and were also provided with

covers or simply prot‘ected with sterile

cheesecloth when not in use.



Sterilization.



Sterilization is now quite extensively

practiced in order to destroy the injur—

ious germs which may be contained in

milk. As an infant food, sterilized milk

is undoubtedly the purest and safest, al—

though the peculiar “cooked” flavor which

it gathers during the process of steriliza—

tion is somewhat detrimental to its popu—

larity as a universal food. The process

of sterilization. may be outlined as fol—

lows: The vessel containing the milk,

which may be the bottle from which it

is to be used, is placed inside a larger

iron vessel filled with water, the interior

vessel being raised about half an inch

above the bottom of the other, and the

water reaching as high as the milk in

the bottle. Steam is then turned into

the water, which is allowed to boil un-

der pressure until a. temperature of 155

(legs. F. is reached. After a lapse of 30

minutes, during which time the apparatus

should be kept tightly covered, tlie‘bot'

1185 should be removed, and after aseer—

mining that they are perfectly air-tight,

should be stoppered, subsequently being

kept in a cool place until ready for use.



A simple form of apparatus for steril-

izing milk can be manufactured in the

following manner: A tin pail is fitted

with a removable false bottom punc—

tured with several holes, and fitted with

legs about half an inch in length to al-

low of circulation of water. Bottles con—

taining the milk are set on this false

bottom, and the pail is filled with water

to the level of the milk in the bottles.

The vessel and contents are protected by

a cover in which a hole may be punched;

a perforated cork is inserted in this hole,

through which may pass an ordinary

chemical thermometer, the bulb of which

descends into the water. By means of

this contrivance the temperature of the

water in the vessel can be carefully reg-

ulated without removing the cover. Al-

though not, of course, adaptable to ster—

ilization on an extensive scale, this sim-

ple- and easily contrived apparatus will

prove very serviceable where it is de—

sired to prepare a few bottles of ster-

ilized milk.





Canada. W. R. GILBERT.





After five years' test the Storrs, (Con—

necticut), Station has found that at four

cents a quart, it is impossible to produce

milk at a profit, even with a good herd,

but at five cents a. quart there will be

a profit.



The best method is to have salt before

the cows constantly. So arranged they

can have the mineral when they want it,

and by having it as desired the cows do

not take an excessive amount as they

ar'edapt to do when intermittently sup-

p ie .





(In 183 .





You are invited to

Visit the exhibit of





DE LAVAL

anAM SEPARATOBS





AT THE

Michigan State Fair, West, Grand Rapids, Sept. 9-13





Michigan State Fair, Detroit, Sept. 16-21





The De Laval Cream Separator has been the greatest factor

in the advancement of modern dairying,~ and every cow owner

visiting the Fair should see the latest Dc Laval machines.



The De Laval separators were first. 34 years ago, and have

been kept. far in the lead ever since. Improved year by year they

are better now than ever before.



. Users of De Laval, machines will be especially welcome, and

Will be interested in the changes and improvements that have been

made in the up—to-datc machines.



Users of other makes of separators, of which a. large number

are replaced by the De Laval every year, will be equally welcome,

and may compare the construction, sanitariness and ease of

running of their machines with the De Laval.



Those who have yet to buy a separator will have opportunity

to learn all about one and what, the De Laval would do and save.

for them, as it is already doing for its 1,500,000 users.



. There. will be Do Laval representatives in attendance glad to

discuss and explain anything of separator interest to either old or

new friends. Be sure to look up the De Laval booth.





Every cow owner will be welcome.





THE DE LAVAL SEPARATOR Co.





NEW YORK CHICAGO SAN FRANCISCO SEATTLE





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

         

   





 





 





 





HOLSTElN-FRIESIANS BEAT THE WORLD’S RECORDS





The Three Most Wonderful Cows the World Has Ever Produced!

ALL DAUGHTERS OF ONE SIRE





     

 





DAIISY GRACE DEKOL

World 3 Champion Junior 4-year-old.

Semi-Official Yearly Record :—

Lbs. of milk . 21,7183





HIGH-LAWN HARTOG DeKOL





BANOSTINE BELLE DeKOL

Champion butter cow of the world. Stable mate of Banoatine Belle DeKol.





Semi-Official Yearly Record :—





Semi-Oflic'al Y I R d :—

th. of milk 214044 1 ear y ecor





Lbs. of milk 25,592.!)





Lbs. of butter fat ' . . 1,058.34 Lbs. of butter m ' . ' . 998.340 m. of butter fat ' 962 W

Lbs. of butter, 80 percent. fat 1532:1925 Lbs. of butter, 80 percent fut 1,247,925 Lbs. of butter, 80 percent fat. 1303:“);

Average percent lot for year 3.86 Average percent. fat for year 3.90 Average percent flit. for year 4.43





WE HAVE JUST A FEW CHOICE BULL CALVES FOR SALE





lVrite for free booklet and detail information.





MAPLECREST FARM





DAN DIMMICK 8: BRO., Props., E. CLARIDON. OHIO

Address all correspondence to Box E. Kalamazoo, Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 





 

   





SANITAIi‘v” ‘érii’ils





Write today‘for our free illustrated book.

It explains ow you can put money in our

pocket by e nipping your barns With ar<

ris Patent 'Steel. Stalls and Stanch ions

and labor savmg Litter and Feed Carriers.

They make your cows more profitable.





The Huris Mix. Co..167 Harris Ava. Salem. 0.





(1 ll ill. .1.» l





   





 





   

 

     

 





 





   





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





._, ‘. ,, 1],- -._ ,,

HARRIS MAKES CDNTENTED C WS!





v





E tel'sBelI Power I my Motorfiiler

. r Here’s the greatest ha press onthe market— 0f Slow Speed





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Strongest
184 (13)





The Michigan Farmer





ESTABLISHED 11143.

THE LAWRENCEPUBLISHING CO.





EDITORS AND PROPRIBTORS.

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COPYRIGHT l9l2





by the Lawrence Pub On All pornonn are warned

animal roprintiug mu portion of tho mutcntu 01'

min szc without our wriuon purmiulou.





“'l-Z til AIlAN 1 F]: to stop THE MICHIGAN

FARMI ll innumli. 1th upon lupirntinn of limo aub-

scrlbcd for and vc m I” pay nll axpom for dofondlng

nny suit. brought Against nuy subscriber to 'Iho Mich



n I-‘urmcr in tho publishor of any farm tumor.

Ich b :is boon soul ul'lot' tho Limo mdcmd has expired

pun iding duo not to c is sci“ to us bclon‘ In t In sum“!



‘A-uud turtim lroublnl -\ tolusing to subncrlbe for



form paper \\ hich docs not print in ouch loan“. A



3‘0 uitc mmntoo to stop on cxplrnlmn of nnhncrl ~



(ion. I o lmwmncc I‘ublmhmg (‘o . I‘ottoii. AI ch





DETROIT, SEPT. 7, 1012.





CURRENT COMMENT





 





 





Frequent comment

Agricultural Cnedii hrs boon mudc in

and the Banks. thcso columns :‘c-





garding the need )f

.l ‘ccttcr systcm of agricultural crcdlr In

tho l'nited Stdics llcpcatcd rcfcrcucc

has :1iso bccn mudc in thc systcms of

.tg'iculturul ct'cdit which hiiyc been de-

\'(‘.\‘;‘i‘d in Europmin countrcs in recent

years and to the benefits which have ac-

.rumi to European agriculturc, and Indi-

.iirc.:‘.\‘. to tho incrcuscd prospcrity of

the icizntrics in which they exist through





:lu w‘wmt'n oi” iiit‘Sq‘ crcdit systcms.

litzt- iii-c gazblicity which Eizls been giv-

ln thzs European moyctncnt in this

--,.":-j_ :1 rathcr gct‘eral uncrcst has





inc 1. .axx'akcnmi regarding it and. as a





«$3.: of llu‘ initiative tzikcn by the





squilxt'n Cutunicrciul l‘ongtuss lust wm-

; :1 cycnient is now on {out to send





 





go: on of represcntatiyc Americans

«:1.» sing 0; two men from cuch state.

who urc- inmr-Astcd in and familiar with our

_.grc\1ittirc. to study these European sys-

tems of :igt‘istiituml credit and recom-

mend some p'an for too establishment of

siruiiur Sj-‘Sit‘lll in this country which



‘ needs and condi-

tions The present plan is for this cum—

:tittiew to start on its :uur of invostigu-

’iUl. in June. 1913, provided the support

.1 sufficient n‘it‘nhcr of states can be en-

.istcd to make such a committee repre—

svitixlixe of the entire country.



This movcmcnt promises much in the

way of stimulating tlu- future dcvclop-





 





0 ;l\l£ll".'t‘. (0 ”"11'





'29:... .if our agricullui‘c, sinu- its con—

szimnuizion would aid in the financing of

_:::1'i nirural expansion on more favorable

urn» than has hcrctofore been possible.

'1: ' :rscm Iiic farmer who finds hims‘clf





1: i of added Capital with which to

inc , 31 the possibilities of his farm must

wk 1: Iran in the restricted money mar—

vi -f his hub-me community on such con—

ililulls and at such an interest rate as

..t‘tcn prove a handicap if, indeed. he

is able to negotiate the loan at all. L'n‘

.i;r the European systems. the people

with small savings to ancSt can pur—

chase the absolutely safe securities based

upon the real estate mortgages secured

:nrongh the credit banks which are a

part of the system. thus making the sys-

tem a double benefit, to say nothing of

its safety in a time of financial strin-

gency or its benefit to general business

through adding to the elasticity of the

currency through the use of this class 0f

geguriti-es as a negotiable circulating me-





1‘:





dium.



1'! fortunately. however. up to the pres-

en: time, there has been no general ap-

preciation on the part of the bankers of

the NW) of the fact that the up-

nuiitmg of a system of this kind in the

Inited States might help to solve the

currency problems which have been made





THE MICHIGAN FAR'MER.





ythc subject. of frequent discussion and





much agitation of the 'mtbject of banking

and currency reform. It Is encnuraglng,

lichvcr. “II-ll tho-re have been notable

cxccptlon‘s lo lhls gcnernl rule. Pix—Gov.

Ilcrrlck. of Ohio. whllc president of the

Uhlo Iluukcrs' Association, was one of

the first ll» dlrcct general publlc attention

to thc, dcslrablllly of emulating Europe'n

exmnplc in this dlrcctlon and to thc ban.

ellclul rcsulla wl‘lch would accrue to the

banks. as well no lo the public lhercfrom.

Ilc urgcd lhc nssoclnllou to look lulu tho

multcr wllh u vlcw of promotlng cnnb—

Ilng lcglslztllou In the stale of Ohio which

would am In the irencrnl eslubllshmcnt of

such a syslmu In that Mule. but appar-

cntly without rcsult. It nppcnrs prob-

.iblc. howcvcr. that lhls pt‘upuslllon Will

soon lnvlm closcr sludy In blinking clr—

clcs. Uno pl'omlncnl lt'usl compnny ln

llllnols has tukcn u promlncul purl in

dcvclopingr u pluu based on pt'lnclpch

similar In lhosc upon which the Euro-

pcmi systclus urc. founded with tho rcsull

ilmt 1111 "Illinois Mortgage Bank" has

bccn foundcd for tho purposc of making

long tlmc loans on form propcrty. wlicvi

surroundcd by propcr sufcgunrds to in-

Siu‘c thc stability of lhc security. It ls

ulsc stiilcd upon good authority that u

uumhcr of bnnkcrs “ho luch spout smut-

llmc In I‘ltn‘opc studying these credit

systcms within lhc put-xi your. will b“

prcscnt at the bnukcis' convcnton to be

bold ln I’iclrolt ncxt wcck and that lhls

sulqcrt will receive allotttIon from that

body.



It Is 11 matter for congratulation that

thc blinking lulct'c-sts of thc country are

grudunlly :tuukcnlng to thc fact that 2'.

bcttcr system of agricultural credit In

this country would be hclpful in solving

tho blinking and currcncy problcms :m

wcll as lhc cconomic problcni of

agricultural lwltcrmcul. The bankcrs

Should bc the allies. lnstcad of lhc on.

poncnts of the farmers of the l’nltcd

states in dcvcloping n systcm of agricul-

tnml crcdit commcnsurztto with our





ticcds.





\‘l'lth lhc openiny

The Problem of the of the school your

Schools. the over vcxinr:

school problem llilri

occupied the attention of parents who

.1rc anxious that thc primary training of

their childrcn should be the best which

it is possible to give them. The problem

has been solvcd with a varying degree of

satisfaction. Observation on this pt‘opo‘

sition shows that an increasing numbcr

of parents are yearly sending thcir chil—

drcn to high school. Probably the law

which mnkcs it mandatory upon districts

maintaining an eight grade school to

pay tuition of children at a near—by high

school has promoted this tendency to a

considerabie extent. Yet there Is doubt~

lcss :1 growing appreciation on the part

of rural parents of the value of the high

school trainingr and a growing tendency

to go to no small inconvcnience and ex-

pense to send their children to a high

school. even though it may necessitate

thcit driving sevei .11 miles throughout the

school year to securc this advantage.



\\'hcn evcrything is considered. how-

cht’, this is not :1 great expense, and is

one which the parents of children should

all be willing to incur in order that their

cliildrcn may have the undoubted Lid-

vantage of a high school training. This

training is the micro important just at

the age whom the pupil complcles his

eighth grade work, since at that time

Ill'llllei' boy or girl is properly cqule-d

1c «lecide on their future career. But if

they can have the advantage of a high

SCII.)UI training, even though they do not

attend long enough to complete thc

course, they will be far better. equipped

to decide this important: question wisely

than would be the case if their primary

education is stopped after they have

completed the course- of study offered in

the ordinary district school.



Then the broadening of their associa-

lions will have a beneficial effect upon

the children. and for many reasons it is

desirable to give them the advantage of

this additional training wherever it can

be done. And it is much preferable ”to

keep them at home. even though they

may have to drive some considerable dis-

tance to the high school each day during

the years devoted to this additional train-

ing. The cost, also. is within the re-

sources cf the average farmer and should

net stand in the‘way of affording this

additional advantage to the children.





But this does not constitute the whole

of the school problem for the parents of

children in many sections. A letter re-

cently received from a lady residing in

one of the prosperous agricultural coun-

ties of the state is typical of many which





are receltred upon this subject during the

yarn. In this letter the My in question

states that the schoolhouse In the dis.

lrict In which she resides In a. little, old

building, lnadcquute to the needs of tho

district. which was last ycur condemned,

ncce‘ssltutlng minor repairs upon it. Af-

tcr these Were made It was found that

the- schoolhouse was too small and It was

decided to bulld’hn addition and employ

unolhcr teacher, but after the bids were

In the opposltlun called a, 1110cllm,r and

rcsclndcd the vote for the improvements.

'I‘hc apparent trouble in this case was

that muny of the people living in the dis—

trict, although having large farms with

it high valuation per acre, were unwli-

ling to Pity lim- uddltlonal taxes required

to provldc u Hultnblc building and con~

duct u school udcuuulc to the ncods of

the. dlslrlcl. This lady, like nuiny others

who are confronted wllh Hll‘nillll‘ prob-

Icms, asks whut can be done.



l’nfortuualcly. llltle can be done unacr

such clrcumslnnccs other than to pro-

molc :1 11mm general scntlmcnl for the

hollcrnicnl of school condlllons wllhln

the district by it continued ngltallon of

lltc subject. It IS. unfortunately. it fact

.hul many peoplc who tire not school

patrons sectn unwilllng to contribute to-

wurd the support of ndcuualc schools, but

we believe that thc proporllou of this

class of people ls growlng loss cnch ycar

and that the tendency above noch to

give the ('hildrcn of today bellcr educa-

tional udvanlnqcs through scndlng them

to high school will be rcllcclcd by a

broader vlcw of the men of the succeed-

lug gcncrnllou upon this question. and

that this In turn will finally bring about

thc zidcuunl‘c solution of this problem of

lho schools.



In tho monntlme there Is great oppor-

tunity-{cc the unselfish and phllunthropic

citizen to do a vast timounl ol' good

through the agitation of this (lucstion in

his community. lo the cud that the most

gcncrous support of the public may he

ficcly cxtendcd toward the bollcrnient

ot‘ lhc primary schools which arc the

foundution of our great txluczilionul sys-

tent.





The value of ad-

Advertising and the verllslng Is not so

Farmer. well appreciated by

the average farmcr

as it should be, either from the standpoint

of the advertiser or that of the reader

of the publication in which the advertis-

lug appears. ,I.ct us for a moment con-

sider this. proposition from the stand-

point of the advertiser. Anyonc who will

devote 11 little serious thought to the

proposition will at once concede that

many a succcssful buslncss has been

built up and maintained by judicious ad-

vcrlising, including special branches of

agriculture as well as of manufacture

and trade. Also many a man has missed

succcns because he.- failed to sec the op.

portunity for the cxpansion of his busi-

ness by letting; other people know what

he had to sell, which is the aim of all

advcrtising.



But to insure that advertising will be

successful it is cssential that the goods

offered will appeal to prospective pur-

chasers and that the opportunity to pur—

chase them at the price for which thcy

are offered will prove a benefit to the

.rcadcrs of the advertising matter. If

this last essential were not a factOr in

tho deal, no permanent advertising cam—

paigns. such as are now maintained,

would be possible. But that the adver-

tising docs appeal to a large class of

rcaders, who consider themselves bene-

fited by the opportunities offered for the

purchase of goods, is attested by the fact

that the same advertisers appeal to the

same public year after year. An example

of this kind of advertising may be cited

in a recent COntract made by Montgom-

ery Vi'ard & Co. for 18,816 lines of ad-

vertising space in the Michigan Farmer

for the coming year. This is but one of

scores of examples which might be cit-

ed. but is mentioned because it is in the

same class as the advertising done by

farmers. i. e.. for a. mail order business.



There are a few readers who appaiu

encly object to a largevolume of adverv

tising in any publicatiOn which ,they read,

notwithstanding the fact that they may

not only secure a material benefit through

the opportunities offered in those adver-

tisements for‘ the purchase of goods. as

well as the fact; that the advertising pat—

ronage enables the publisher to publish

a first-class journal at a minimum sub-

scription price. But we believe that this

class of readers is a. small and rapidlv

decreasing minority of the reading pub-

lic. Every reader should improve the

opportunities afforded by the advertising

columns of the publications which he





SEPT. 7. 1012.





reads, either as a means of givlhg pub-

licity as to what he may have to sell or

as a means 01' securing the Information

Which will make him a discriminating

and economic buyer of the goods which

he needs, or, better yet. by both.





The manage-

Valuable Demonotratlon ment of the

at the State Falr. State Fair haw

ulnnounced a.

prncllcnl demonstration of more than 01‘—

«llnury vnluc to the farmers of the slalc

us 11 fcztlure of this ycar's fair which wlll

be hold tit Dclrolt from Sept. 16 IO 21,

lucluslvc. This new feature is a field

(Il‘nllanl-I‘illIdll of farm tractors, in whlcu

it is announccd that not loss than a am.

on and probably :1 scorc of firms Inter-

cslcd In the munul’uclurc of farm trac-

tors will conlesl. This demonstration In

to be held on the Willlum I-I. Illen farm

which adjoins the fair ground, to which

visitors will bl,» Issucd checks cutltlln-g‘

lhcm to return to the grounds after ‘lhe

dcmonntrutlon ls over. More the varimm

kinds, sizes and models of fnrm tractors

will be engagcd In the work of plowing

it Hold, fitting It. for seeding and sowing

the grain. so that tractors suited to both

the large. and the small farm can be seen

In actual operation. as well as the var-

Ions lmplcnwnls used with the-1n in con—

nc-ctlon with the. work.



This is at most commmldublc policy.

which the nmnugcmcnt states will be

made an annual rculurc of thc State

Fair. There Is no better plucc. than a big

agricultural fair for the- farmcrs of the

state to keep In touch with the improve»

mcnls whlch are being made in farm ma—

(vlilcnry and implements from. year to

year. The opportunities afforded for

comparison are excellent in ii show of

this kind, but the educational value of an

actual demonstration of new inventions

of this kind in actual competition with

cach othei is of the highest value, and

is a feature of the fair in itself well

worth while for every farmer in the state

to patronize, to say nothing of the other

educational opportunities which the ShO‘N

will afford.





SOIL SPECIALIST AT THE BIG FAIRS.





 





To meet the demand of the farmers

who want to know something of tho

chcmlcul composition of their soils, the

Soils Department of the Michigan Agri—

cultural Colle‘ge, in connection with the

exhibit 11111110 by that institution at the

“'est Michigan State Fair at. Grand Rap-

ids, and the Michigan State Fair at Dc-

li'oit, will hch a soil specialist who will

examine and test by brief methods any

sample of soil given him [or examina-

tion.



The time and matcrlals required to

make'a complete chemical analysis of a.

soil renders it impossible to. do the work

away from a well equipped chemical lab-

oratory. But it has bcen found in tit-3

soil investigations carrlcd on by {1160

(‘Ylimnlcal Department of the College that

similar types of soils collected from dif-

ferent localities of Michigan do not vary

greatly in their chemical composition. in

thc exhibit at the fairs will be a. number

of carefully analyzed and typical sam-

ples of. Michigan soils. These will be

used by the specialist as standards with

which to compare the soils submitted by

the farmers visiting either fair. Bcsidcs

this tests will be made to determine acid-

11y 01‘ non-acidity, capacity for water,

limestone, etc.



Mich. Ag. Col. C. H. SPURWAY.





HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.





National.





While the crew of the steamer Nan-

tucket at Baltimore, were attempting to

put out a fire that had started in the

hold, the vessel turned turtle and sank

into the harbor The firemen and crew

barely escaped with their lives



The city of Cleveland expects to turn

over to her educational institutions 3. [Wu

thousand acre tract of land to be used

for agricultural experimental work.



What is bclieved to be the first mu-

nicipal owned theatre in the United

States is planned for San Francisco.

where $650,000 is to be spent in the

building.



\Ve‘stern Pennsylvania, Eastern Ohio

and a large part of the Panhandle dis-

trict of West Virginia suffered severely

from heavy rainfalls last Sunday and

Monday. By Tuesday the list of dead

was knowu to be 36. and the probability

is that many other fatalities will become

known as the extent of the storm is bet-

ter understood. It is estimated that

W'ashington county alone will suffer a.

property damage that will exceed $2, 000 —

000. Crops suffered severely. Thousands

of sheep and cattle were drowned while

grazing in the fields. The Monongahela.

and Allegheny rivers are near the flood

stage, while the Ohio is overflowing its

banks at many points west of Pittsburg.



(Continued on page 193).





 





 





 





 





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LITERATURE

POETRY

HISTORY an?

IN FORMATION





 





 





   

 





 





 

 

 





 

 





mate -





( . .

srABL’SH





groom

W





[from





 





 





77w FARM BOY

an? GIRL



,SCIENTIFIC an?



MECHANICAL





 





 





 





 





r7





This Magazine Sectibn forms a part of our paper twice a month. Every article is written especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere





 





TIIGY are really farmers. these two

famous men, although better

known, no doubt, as naturalists



and writers. John Burroughs in the east



and John Muir in the west, probably are

the two most “noted nature writers of tho



«lay. .‘loth have won their fame by long



yt'ars of hard and conscientious work.



Mr. Burroughs has been the more prolific



writer, but Mr. Muir has traveled over a



good part of the globe. Only recently he



y-t-turned from a trip to South America,

ulu-re he went to seek a certain very

tare tree. it is safe to say that this

man knows more about the ”TON of the

world than any other man living. llc has



studied thorn in litany clinics and is a,



i'onutrkably accurate observer.



Illr. Muir iovos trees and has stood

staunchly for the preservation of the

\t't’SlOl‘l] forests. “Any fool can destroy

trots." he once. declarrtl. “They «cannot

run away if they would. If they could,

no doubt they would still be hunted down

as long as fun or a dollar could be gotten

out of their hark hides, branchingr horns

or tnatznii‘u-t-nt. backbones. Few that, fell

ll‘t'f'H plant them; nor would any planting

tutti] much toward settingr bat-k anything;

like the noble primeval forests. During

rs litun‘s hie. only saplings can be grown

in 'the plate of the old trt-esA-Att-ns of

centuries: oldmrlhut have been dosiroyo].

it took more than three thousand Years

to make some of the trots of the western

woods—trees that are still standing in

perfect strength and beauty, waving,r and

singing in the mighty fort-sis of the Sier—

ras. - Through all the wonderful, ("VI-ntful

centuries since Christ’s timcmand long

before that—41ml has cared for these

"trees, saved them from drought, avalan-

(-hcs and a thousand straining, lchling

tempests and floods; but he cannot save

them from foolswonly Uncle Sam can do

that.”



Mr. Muir has ranged the western

mountains for half a century. He knows

them as few other men in the world

know them. lie has trampcd through

Alaska at the risk of his life with a dog

for a. companion, a dog which he has ini-

mortalizcd in one Of his delightful little

books. He has had a national park nam-

ed tlftol' him and has been the friend of

great men from Emerson, whom he once

visited in the east, to Roosevelt, whose

guide he has been over Western trails. It

was ltoosevelt who said that “That man

Muir can outwalk a mule.”



one might call this gentle traveler and

nature lover the biographer of Yellow-

stone l'ark. His books on the wonders of

the west are the most complete, accurate

and entertaining that





BURROUGHS aha MUlR—FARMERS





By E. J. Farrington.





Stretching away in all directions are ram-h has long been a model one for

”11‘ i'orttlo ilclds and the wcll~kopt or— it‘ult growers For years the Muir pr-aru,

vhards. Tilt-rt.- are fruit trees every— and grapes have bot-n early Ell‘l'lVHlH tn

where. Mr. Muir loves them and his the eastern markets, commanding; gentr—





 





 





 





 





Two Great Naturalists—John Muir and John Burroughs.





oust prices. it. is: true that, Mr. Muir no

longr-r looks, after llilrt work [l"l'f'.’lfl51.ll'/,

tor lu- is. now betwrsvn smvmtty and

highly yours of new, hot. or,- has: not lost

lls interest, in the prwlm’ls of his fin"

farm and -.'t-,.lt.{ltt:-; in waking among tlt':

htuvlly loarlml rrt-t-sr.



Utr'nsionolly hr: makes: a. trip to San

l“r;tm-i:~:r'(,u, but. never lint—“TH long in Ihr-

ltn't’llL-I. Jlt- ltt’lh‘ llllll': illung’ for I'll,‘.’ ”ft:

with its roar and IllJ-ft'trrtl’f; ho gays he

gets lost, too (or-ally to pond his time ln

tilt: t-lly.



.lohn lurroughs, too, is: a practiml

rill'tll"!' and a, farmer’s FUN. 'l‘o br- sure.

he started out in lii't- to Le a. journalism.

.\i'tret\\‘:trrls ht;- (Intmrr-(l lll“ tron-"2t .' Ill;-

parttur-nt at \X':«.,ltlnt’,lott amt pzlwonlj/

lli‘t‘illnl' a. hunk examlm-r. .\ l the 12mm,

though, tho opt-n voer',‘ var on in! to

hint, and after 'l, timt- l.v- :titévi'brmi me

call by buying a. fmm war ii opt”,

Y, Hr: had l'titirl limb." w, and 'l'L'nb't.‘

at night. while r-o‘mtttur ' :h and immor-

int: books in ill,- Ilit'fi ‘5:I.l-, firm} '-.'.'::.I .‘tle’.’

hllh Llll: lUV‘t ’If' 1.5.l I“ ”1- law: (2‘1.

venlurml to v,.lt:: r: so". for it» .‘atfan‘Jr‘





Monthly, oi' itlv'mrt, ;,.,5 Mill rtr-‘xtrfopn:





at. Hitlilll‘lt: {r r m- , ‘3.I:‘

hull W'm I/"Il' .l..’tl :t HA.‘ It Ilt- UT fl’ll>i*

hrs ii}: We ‘21:.u hr: your!" ‘r. r, “7

the wiry he . :t t'r-wt,‘ r:,_ .lzru a ,





a writer.



\\':"I; hf: II‘ IL’lM, l.l.*’ CHM“ if: 'Hrlzltl’w’l

to take up ll'tlli won-zine and m: mam:

:i .‘ll”l"‘f"f: of L'ivijlt,‘ "‘l.‘"l.’“'. Although l:(:.

too, is \w-Il alum; 1!. yams, ix: one“: r."

hesitate to lulu: a White " tnoiiirtzf

tirm, and it. in max ‘1; :or; ’lJH, Inl- I-:r.f;'.-'.':

how to handle it.



Ill-5', ‘.'.'I‘llll.L,’ llil't' hut, ll‘:":;'l Yt‘”£{.‘;”"tl {Ill

thew sears, :mri h4- hns urn-Hui a ab}:

to \‘.'»-:l-: it: w};l(~.t is: lirm'J/n far and wit?-





as r'i'lgsirlvsr. 'i‘l;r~:r‘ I»: has r-t.‘:-:‘::f:.wl.





 





V’l:t?"i~' from man: of life.





(-1“, LUCAS Fill/l Tfl‘:.': 41!: both. lie l},





on (-nlwrtair'ine, '_¢- 3.: .tost arr‘ ever

has a v.‘r‘lr-on;r- to: ~,, r- who trio's? the

up] Horn pwth 'o 3.. -."w».r iir- 9.71:"

to merit thr tr-tm uni/mums applied,

“1,1”: Shut; Hf .‘Ij;ill‘,':(“



Mr. iZInro.t;_jh-' ..t ,. }«:-r-,: Inva- of





birds and how dum- ro‘ a EiY‘It- to aid in





Itz‘olrt-‘lt::' lit/"m. ill: Emir-V





 





.'. i, ‘I'Lr‘

'hro'xazz fine

itf‘Hlitg-‘s slauuhlm of birtly and tha‘ *lffi“:





iar'nmrs gutter grr-a' .‘t‘.€





\‘xml‘ttl lu- fetter 1115M" posts if L’Y‘Qa'él‘

cart: Wm'c taken to prom-“L ti.» it“; ‘11»:—





 





tiott oi tulI‘ zra‘nct'wi a





uzon them. For rum.»- XVI/15011.





   





 





have ever been written

to describe that inter-

esting section made

beautiful by mountains

and canyons. He writes

about what he actually

has seen, for he has

visited mountains and

canyons alike at all SC': -

sons. llo seems not to

know what fear is. He

has met a grizzly bear

face to face and had

the bear turn and walk

away. He carries no

weapons and has never

found them necessary.



Yet he is a practical

man—~a successful farm.

er. Some forty miles

east of San Francisco

is the Alhambra valley,

in the middle of which,

nalf buried in trees and

shrubbery, stands the

Muir homestead, an un-

pretentious but com-

modious and comfort—

able farm house. Near

by is an ancient adobe

house which once was

the home of Governor

Martinez, whose name





 





 





 





was given to the City

a. few miles away.





 





Overlooking the Estate of Mr. Muir. Here is Proof that he is a Farmer.





 





to hp .1. lilfllf'llil :<;.~'.~'";i :er

tam-tr-r ‘o learn, a :w: t 3»

roteis :1."- :t‘.:.' regrets.

\‘Cht-n :wo men .ike Jami 3_;rrv3;

.1 ,. fig,

' Iaslii '~ iii 2“ a-

t. 6 one. It ~ 3: ‘ e *

iral " . t..~;.~ in

nix-n should in: warn:

:rit:-:.:E.< and when a





.

frw was as» in; rat'-

uralist—z‘arm>,-r ; the

east juxtrnryeri





 





(faith -r:.i.,; to pay a Vis-

ii [4) ‘he '

lul‘mer ._.;‘ h»:





 





is safa- M say





min Clijt'ryed .- E1





 





 





hugely They have

muvlt in common. Both

ar~- lz‘t ml-rniriole-l Ln "—





tle-hear’wl and sincere.

They are rare «-~nv~:-r«

s;;tionaii<ts view. in

goo-l vwmpany art-l hat?»

a 1'.-’~:t interest. in the

saving of trves and

birds from the hand vi

the trier-eruary spoi'e-r.



Mr. George R. King,

a WEI-known photog—

rapher and traveler,

and a. friend of km:

men. happened along at

the time of their mes:-

ing and was permitted

to make the striking

and unusual photograph

which accompanies this

article.
it





186 (14) ’





I thought it the ugliest as ’well as most

life-like looking thing I had ever seen;

but I now confess that I did utterly

wrong to purchase it for the purpose of

frightening Jimmy Doyle, my roommate,

therewith. However, he had fairly laid

himself open to some retaliation of this

kind, I argued; and he was horribly

afraid of snakes. Had he not played

several practical jokes on me and acted

mighty cocky about them? Anyhow, I

bought the thing from that old curio

dealer on Royal street, whose place of

business we passed eaclt morning.



The more carefully I afterwards exam—

ined my purchase the better satisfied I

felt with it. It was an imitation ophi—

dian of a peculiar kind, a creature carv-

ed out of soft wood, dark green in color,

and curiously mottled with dark red

spots. Plainly, it was no mere toy. no

article of bric—a~brac, or theatrical prop<

crty, that might have been manufactured

wholesale and sold in quantities. It was

certainly an unique productions—a piece

of work carefully finished by someone

who had an object in what he did. The

thing looked as if it might be a number

of years old, though it, was in the best

possible state of preservation.



I soon had a chance to get my find into

action. .liintny Doyle anti 1, along with

two other follows, a few weeks later went

out camping and fishing just across Lake

Pontchartrain from the city. \Ve occu-

pied a large tent. with cots inside pro-

tected by mosquito bars, things indis-

pensable for comfort, and even for the

safe guarding of health, in this region.

Just as soon, then, as I felt sure that my

chum was enjoying the slumbcrs of the

righteous, I lifted up his bar, put the

mottled snake on his chest, with its head

about six inches front his face,’ and

pint-hing him to arouse him, awaited re-

stills.



They came promptly. As Jimmy‘s eyes

tlpt'lltn‘i, by the aid of the light of the

silvery moon, which streamed in from

the side of the tent, its flap being up, he

saw that devilisheltmking thing lying

there upon his breast, apparently poised

to strike its fangs into his face. He

saw: a wild yell, seized the snake, and

thing it with all his might, hitting the

mess—table war had erected outside, where

l could hear it track as it went to pieces.

’l‘hen my chum sprang from his bed,

trembling, apparently, almost gibberiug

in the vchcmcncc of his terror,



I started to laugh; but at once my

heart, smote me, and I felt that i had

done, Lt Very foolish and inconsiderate

thing in being the cause of narryint,r poor

Jimmy‘s nerves this way, chn if i did

have some similar scores to settle with

him. It might have thrown the. fellow

into a spasm or driven him quite mad, I

ret'lectt-d. Fortunately, however, he soon

seemed to calm down all right. under the

soothing influence of the other two boys

and their congratulations over the cour—

age he had displayed in so bravely tack—

iing and disposing of such a monster as

he. described that serpent to have been.



IVIcattwhilc, hth-vcr, I had made a

dash for the wrecked remains of my

poor mottled snake and was able to se—

cure and hide tlttni before the other

members of our party investigated. I

reported that the thing had gotten clear

away, which seemed to be agreeable (0

Jimmy, as well as to myself. since that

youth, now finding, atparently. that there

was no Ci‘tCk upon his description of the

size anti formidable nature of the mone-

ste'r he hat,l encountered. immediately

launched out into fiction, and dilated as

Well as Falstaff himself could have done

upon these matters.



The reptile was, according to my chum,

an claps a coral snakcmLouisiana‘s

deadliest serpent. It was at least six

feet long and was marked in a manner

unparalleled, even in the case of that

brilliantly colored ophidian. It was

drawing back to strikeeehe could plainly

feel its fetid breath upon his face, when,

with a despairing access of courage he

had put: forth all the energy at his com«

mand into one supreme effort and dashed

it from him, by a miracle of good for—

tune escapingr death in doing so. 011,

.limmy did tell justice to the qualities of

that creature, and I felt quite proud of

it. and of him as an originator of fiction.



The point is not, however, how my

chum snatched victory from defeat, and

made the incident I had carefully ar-

ranged for his discomfiture the means’of

placing laurels upon his brow. The sur-

prising thing is what I found when I

came to examine the bruised and mang-





 





THB :MICHIGAN FARMER.





TILE 'MOTTLED SNA.KE





By J. de Q. Donehoo.





led remains of my late pet the next

morning.



Unobserved, I pulled these out from

the mass of cypress bou-ghs under which

I had hidden them, and immediately I

perceived that a. part of the mottled

snake, otherwise made of solid wood,

was hollow. A cavity some three inches

long had existed near the middle of the

object, and in that a piece of paper re-

mained still rolled up. This I eagerly

drew out and found that upon, it, in

wretched handwriting. evidently that of

a decidedly illiterate person, the follow-

ing was scrawled:



“Start back of the snake‘s head and

count the number of spots in every bunch

on the snake. The bunches go round

and round the snake clear to his tail. the

way the hands do on a watch. You mus-t

write down in a row the numbers of the

bunches, and if you can read what they

mean, the stuff’s yours, fur I'm the last

one of the gang left, and I don't reckon

l’ll ever get out of here alive."——Jim

Bivens.



The directions were badly expressed,

and I have somewhat revised the spell-

ing used, for the reader’s convenience;

but the meaning was clear enough. Care-

fully I sought for every particle that be—

longed to the smashed-up snake, and

pieced the thing together. Then. begin-

ning just back of the head, I counted, as

directed, the spots in each group, making

a. record in preper order on abit of paper.

1 found—«something I had never before

noticed, often as I had looked at and

even carefully~ examined the object-~that

the groups were arranged in the form of

a spiral that wound round and round the

serpent, from its head to its tail, in the

direction in which the hands of a watch

move. And this is the collection of num-

bers which my record of these markings

gave me:



20. 8, 5, 19, 23, 1, 7, 20, 8. 1, 20, 2, 9, 12,

12, 16, 5, 20, 5, 1, 14, 4, 9, 7, 15. 20, 6.

18, 15, 13, 15, 12, 4, 13, 1, 14, 12, 1. 6,

l, 18, 7, 5, 1, 14, 4, 7, 15, 20, 19, 5, 14,

20, 21. 16, 6, 15, 18, 9, 19, 16, 12, 1., 14,

20, 5, 4, 9, 14, 20, 8, 5, 4, 5, 3, 15, 21, 18,

20, 20. 15, 13, 2, 9, 14, 15, 4, 4, 6, 5, 12,

12, 15, 23, 19, 3, 5, 13, 5, 20, 5, 18, 25.



Here, I at once decided. is, unless the

whole. thing is a hoax, which does not

appear at all likely. a cryptogram con—

cocted by a man of little education and

probably the crudest sort of ideas about

how to make such a thing. It should not

be difficult to unravel. The note con-

cealed in the mottled snake would make

it appear that the author was imprisoned

presumably in the penitentiary. Seeing

that there was little chance of his sur—

viving his term, and that all his confed—

(latt‘s were dead, he decided to make, as

he thought, a very clever and original

record of the place where his ill-gotten

treasure was boarded, and thus to be-

queaihe the latter, long years after, to

whoever was able to read his riddle. But

how, I wondered could a man who was

in the penitentiary do this?



.\ moment's inspection of the above

figures enabled me to guess what they

signified. It was so plainly evident that

the numbers from 1 to 26 had been used

to represent in order the letters of the

alphabet, that I at once read off the

massage, finding that it gave this result:



The su ag that Bill, Pete and I got from

Old Man Lafargc, and got sent up for,

is planted in the Decourt tomb, in Odd

Fellows’ Cemetery.



It may be. imagined that I at once de-

cidede to investigate this matter thor-

oughly. as soon as I got back to New

Orleans. I well remembered having of-

ten seen the Odd Fellows' Cemetery in

that city, and although I had never heard

of a criminal by the name of mm Bivens.

or of the robbery of an individual known

as Old Man Lafarge, yet I had no doubt

that I could readily trace the thing up

and find Out whether or not these per-

sons had really existed.



In a couple more days we did return to

the city, I bearing with me the carefully

concealed remains of my highly-prized

mottled snake, even as Jimmy Doyle

brought back with him memories, now

apparently exceedingly gratifying, of the

hypothetical claps he had so heroically

grappled with and utterly confounded. I

went at once to the old curio dealer from

whom I had purchased the object; but

he either would not or could not give me

any more information as to whence it

came, than to recall a vague impression

that he had bought it from a man who

said he lived in the Florida Parishes—

that section of Louisiana. in which Baton





Rouge, with the penitentiary, is located.

I also went out to the Odd Fellows’ Gem-

etery and after some search found the

Decourt tomb. But I did not think it

advisable. to undertake such a difficult

enterprice as the investigation of its

contents, without first getting confirma-

tion of the tale told by the alleged Jim

Bivens. I therefore determined to go to

the state capital and find out what I

could there discover.



Gaining access to the records of the

Louisiana Penitentiary, I soon ascertain-

ed that such a. prisoner as Jitn Bivens

had indeed been there incarcerated a lit-

tle more than. a. quarter of a. century

previously. He had been sent up for ten

years in 1884, together with two other

criminals, W'illiam Henderson, and Pierre

(or I‘ete) Gonsoulin, for burglarizing the

residence of a. certain Etienne ,Lafarge,

in New Orleans. Strangely enough, all

three had died before ‘the expiration of

their terms. Bivens longest survived,

living until 1891. But I could find no one

at the prison who distinctly remembered

him, or could give any additional infor-

mation about him.



When I returned to New Orleans I

looked up the files of the local papers

and learned all that was at the time

known about the crime these men had

committed. Etienne Lafarge was an old

Frenchman who lived a solitary life in

two squalid looms on the third floor Of

one of those'ancient Spanish houses on

Chartres street, not far' from the French

market. He had no relatives, or even

friends. was very secretive in his habits

and was reputed to be a miser who had

large sums of money concealed about his

person, and probably hidden in his

wretched apartments or other places.





It was this report, doubtless, that led

to the commission of the crime. Any-

how. the old man was one morning found

gagged and pinioned in his room, and

almost in a dying condition in conse-

quence of the barbarities that had been

inflicted upon him. Three masked men

had forciblv entered his apartments, and

proceeded to subject him to frightful

tortures in order to force him to confess

where his treasures were hidden. They

finally decamped, carrying with them

what they found. Lafarge wavered in

the accounts he from time to time gave

the authorities as to the extent of his

losses. Sometimes he would bitterly la-

ment that the villains had stolen from

him more than a hundred thousand dol-

lars, the fruits of a life-time of toil and

self—denial; the next moment, relapsing

into his habitual attitude in regard to

such matters, he would protest that they

got nothing, since he was only a poor

old beggar whom in their malice they had

fearfully maltreated.



The general opinion seemed to have

been that the old man had indeed had

large sums concealed—even more than

the hundred thousand of which he some-

times spoke—and that the ruffians had

gotten away with it. But although they

were soon afterwards captured, through

a train of circumstances that need not

be here detailed, yet none of Lafarge's

reputed wealth was found in their pos-

session or recovered later. Their victim

died in the Charity Hospital a few weeks

after the commission of the crime.



It may be imagined that after I had

learned all this I was impatient to take

a look into that tomb in the Odd Fellows'

Cemetery. I almost decided to make a

clean breast of the mottled snake busi-

ness to Jimmy Doyle and take him in as

a partner in my coming adventure; but

when the time came, I found I had not

the courage to do this. I was afraid my

confession of the trick I had played him,

especially after the way he had manu—

factured fictiOn about the appearance of

that snake, would permanently rupture

our friendship, so I finally decided to go

it alone. I foresaw, however, that ~‘t

might be a little hard 'to conceal from

him what was going on. I had, I thought.

satisfactorily explained my trip to Baton

Rouge, and I did not think he could have

noted my investigations in New Orleans;

but for all that, I knew that I was ner—

vous and excited, so that I would have

to be very careful if I expected to event

arousing his suspicions.



On that very night, I decided, I would

break open the Decourt tomb and recover

Old Man Lafarge's treasure. Was it not

mine I argued, by every law of discov-

ery and succession. Its former owner

was dead“and had left_nov heirs. It was

mine—V—mihe because I alone had had the

good fortune, to discover the secret of

the mottled snake and read its concealed

riddle. I was all a-tingle with excite-

ment. I felt as if the miser’s wealth, was

already in my possession. I had formed

a. hundred plans about the projects I





SEPT. 7, 1912. ,





should carry out—the good I should do,

of course—when," after the lapse of a few





short hours, I handled that: long-hidden





board.



I pass over the many preparations I

made—.the tools I got ready,the precau-

tions 1 took. I told Jimmy at noon that

day that I had to take another trip to

Baton Rouge, and should not be back

until the followmg day. Was it only my

excited imagination that made me fancy

that a strange and knowing look flashed

over his face when I mentioned this jour-

ney? Could it be possible that he sus~

pected that I had an important secret I

was keeping from him—was about to em-

bark upon the quest of a. forunte?





The hour of midnight had just struck

when I, well disguised, stepped off a

Street car upon the lonely grass-grown

and unpaved steet that passes by the

Odd Fellows’ Cemetery. I carried a very

large telescope traveling case, which con-

tained the various tools I had prepared

with which to carry through the night’s

work. All was silent as the car receded

into the distance, save for the creaking

of the frogs along the near-by canal.

A horror of darkness fell upon me as, in

every direction, I saw the faint glimmer

of ghostly-looking tombs. I was in the

very center of the New Orleans greater

city of the dead—the cemetery region, a

metropolis whose inhabitants probably

far surpass in numbers those that dwell

in the abodcs of the living.



'\\'as I afraid? W'ell, I am not yet g0«

ing to confess that I was; and really, I

am not superstitious. I had never known

what it was to have the feeling that

there is more danger of encountering

ghosts and other uncanny objects in

graveyards than in other places. But

“somehow, my .nerves were frightfully

frazzled that night, and I will admit that

already would I cheerfully have given 50

1*e-r cent of old Lafarge's prospective

treasure, if I were only safely through

with this adventure.



I didn’t weaken, however, I'm proud

to say. UVt-r tlte wall I went, and then

through the wilderness of tombs, of sunk-

en graves, of rank vegetation—cape jes-

samine, crepe myrtle, box, magnolia fus-

cata, sweet olive, palms-dragging the

heavy telescope, to the well-marked lo—

cation of the Decourt family vault. I

was horribly afraid byt this time, I

frankly avow it. A screech—owl suddenly

uttered his mournful, discordant cries

from a point near-by; and I thought, for

a moment, that I would go mad with ter-

ror, so startled I was.



I trembled so, now, that I could scarce-

ly get my dark-lantern lighted; but when

at last by its aid, chisel in hand, I start-

ed to attack the door of the tomb, I saw

that it was even less firmly secured than

my previous investigations had led me

to believe. With but a touch, it fell in-

ward, and—merciful (iodea gigantic

ghoulish figure robed all in white sprang

out upon me and gripped its long, strong

fingers about my neck, smothering the

cry of fright to which I instantly strove

to give utterance.



That I did not instantly expire will al-

ways to me remain a mystery. Possibly

I did, for the fractional part of a second,

swoon—I don't know. But if I did, I was

quickly recalled to consciousness by a

voice that said:



“This evens things up, Mack, about

several matters. Shake, old man, and

let's call it square. How about the mot—

tied snake? Great idea, wasn't it?"



I looked, and the ghoul, rapidly dis—

carding his white habilime‘nts, was of-

fering to shake hands with me, disclos—

ing the execrable, mischievous, laughing,

triumphant features of Jimmy Doyle.



“'6“, all was soon explained, and the

worst of it was that I couldn't kick. It

was a case of the hunter snared in his

own trap and the engineer hoist by his

own petard. Jimmy it was—Jimmy, tnat

incorrigible practical joker—«who had

carved and embellished the mottled

snake, cunningly entwining with it the

story of Jim Bevins and Lafarge, which

he had dug out of old newspapers, also

the mention of the Decourt tomb, which

he knew to have been empty for many

years. He had, for my discomfiture, de—

posited this object with the curio dealer.

with whom both of us were well ac»

quainted, wisely foreseeing that the old

gentleman would easily be able to sell it

to me for the purpose of frightening him,

gloating, as I did, over his horror of the

whole serpent tribe. My chum was fur-

ther aware of the fact that I had it along

with me on that fishing trip, and was

prepared for my attempt to scare him

into spasms with it. Yes; all this did

Jimmy know. He laid for me. And I

have to admit that just at present he is

several lengths ahead.





 





 





 





 





H..- my. ”a"... a
, an”, m-...._....a





 





SEPT. 7, 1912.





THE





OTHER' FRIENDS.





BY ALICE ANNETTE LARKIN.





Some boys will have a lot of friends,

Like Billy Jones or Ted;



They’ll go together in a crowd

\Vith Tom and Dick and Ned.



But sometimes when you’re all alone.

And feeling kind of blue,



It’s good to have such friends as mlne;

You’ll find they're always true.





Today the boys have all gone off

A-fishing in the brook;



They passed here just an hour ago

\Vith fishing pole and hook.



But I just had some work to do,

’Cause mother thought it best



That I should clean the henhouse out,

And make a better nest.





 





I thought at first ’twas pretty hard,

On boys as small as I,



To have to wait or. these old hens;

But mother said “Vt’hy, why!



If all your flock should go on strike,

And never lay an egg,



Just tell me, son, what would you do?





i





I guess you’d have to beg.’





So here I've sat and thought it out,

And I’ve made up my mind



That boys are not the only friends

That you can ever find.



There’re hens and roosters by the score,

I like them every one;



And when 1 have to work for them,

I just can play it’s fun.





 





HUNTING FOR DOUGHNUT HOLES.





BY DUBAI AYDELOTTE.





“Boy Wanted.” Just an ordinary sign,

set in the window of Baum’s Bakery, but

one glimpse of it was enough to make a.

small boy with a. big basket on his arm,

halt and do some rapid thinking.



It didn’t take him long, either, to de—

cide that he would “be the hey.”



He wiped his round, perspiring face

with a handkerchief that had been clean

an hour earlier, and presented himself at

the counter.



“Don't you need a boy?" he inquired

of the man behind it— a big man, who

evidently had quit growing tall 3. long

time ago, but kept on growing wide.



“Yes, we ain’t got one already. He

must work all day long here. \Vhat your

name, hey?”



“Ensignmllalph Ensign,” trying to

make his voice sound grown up. “I‘m

just thirteen, but I'm big for my age,

and awful strong.”



Mr. Baum smiled. “You need to be.

\Vell. so you get to work today. You

start in now, hey?”



“Just ’5 soon as I can run home with

this basket. It’s got veg'tables in it, out

of our garden."



\Vith a pile of unfinished sewing besrda

her, Mrs. Ensign was stitching away un—

til her machine bummed like a great

bee.



\Vhen her son made his headlong en—

trance into the room, she was bewildered

by the information which he tried to

pour out in the limited space of a few

moments. From his rapid-tire Speech,

howeVer, she gleaned two facts—that he

hadn’t sold many vegetables, but that

she needn’t worry, because he was go—

ing to work in a bakery, and have a.

real, sure—’nough job.



“Hadn’t you better wash your hands

and face before you go?”



“0, no, mother; yet made me wash

good this morning; and I’ve got to hurry

back to my job.”



He squirmed away from her tender

kiss, waved his hat in farewell, and im-

mediately became the center of a dust-

cloud that traveled up the road at a

lively rate.



The bakery kitchen seemed to him a.

wonderful place. Eyes and mouth wide

open he stared about, at the deep knead—

ing-troughs, the huge ovens, the flour-

powdered workmen in their white uni-

form's.



Arrayed in a white cap that kept slip-

ping over his eyes, and an apron of such

length that he continually stumbled over

it, Ralph was sent trotting to and fro.

carrying trays piled high with cakes,

rolls and bread.



He had just about decided that work-

ing in a bakery was too hard on a boy’s

legs, when the noon hour struck, and the

bakers hurried out to dinner. One young

man remained. “We’ll have our snack





here,” he informed the small apprentice,

whose thoughts were turned toward

home, and a neat, well-covered table set

for two.



"Pour a week and his dinners is what

the boss gives a boy.”



To a healthy lad whose stomach was

always clamoring for more, the coffee,

sugared rolls, and good-sized wedges of

pie tasted wonderfully good, and Ralph

ate until only a few stray crumbs re-

mained,



In the afternoon, while Ralph was

scouring out a mixing bowl almost as

large as himself, the head baker crooked

a beckoning finger at him.



“Let that go now, sonny. I’ve got a

batch of doughnuts to turn out. and not

a doughnut hole in the place. S’pose you

get me some. Here, Joe, give this boy

a sack."



“Sonny” already was untying that

troublesome apron, and reaching for his

hat.



“\Vhere‘ll I get ’em?” he asked.



Doughnuts, of course, were a well—

known delight, but holes to use in their

making—that certainly was something

new.





MICHIG'AN FARMER;





“Oh, ’most any bakery ought to have

some. Be sure you don’t come back

empty-handed.”



As the boy scurried out, men looked at

one another and grinned. The head bak—

er, floury hands clasping his fat sides,

quivered with enjoyment of this little

joke, played upon each “green” helper

with unvarying success.



“Got any doughnut-holes?” inquired

Ralph, marching importantly into the

first bakery he came to.



The. clerk seemed to suffer from a vio—

lent cough. He pressed one hand against

his mouth, sputtering and choking in a,

manner quite alarming.



“\Ve're clear out of 'em,” he finally

contrived to say. “Better try Devlins',

just up the street a way.”



At Devlins’, a pretty young lady, wear-

ing a blue dress that seemed to match

the color in her gentle eyes, smiled and

sweetly told the boy that. they had none,

and that she was afraid he would not

find any in town.



“It’s a shame," she announced. as the.

screen door slammed upon a disappoint—

ed customer, “but I hadn’t the heart to

tell him it was all a joke.” V



The proprietor glanced up from his ac-

c0unt books with a smile.



“Oh, getting fooled doesn’t hurt a boy

any. They’ve been coming here to ask

for meat-screws and dtmghnut-holes, ev—

er since I’ve been in business.”



“I wonder,” mused ltalph, as he trudg-

ed along, "why folks act like they‘d nev—

er heard of such a thing. Guess I’ll ham:

to keep on trying, though.”



At the next place, a smiling, gray—

haired woman leaned over the counter

and hailed him as “son.”



“So it’s doughnut—holes

well, give me your sack,

what I can do.”



“And where is it you’re workin’?” this





you’re after;

and I’ll see





good lady wanted to know. returning

with the sack half-filled with jingly

somethings.



“-\t Baum's Bakery. This is my first

day.”





“.\ren’t you rather little to be work-

ing there?"



Ralph flushed hotly at the insinuation.

“l’m older ’n I look. Mother says i’m

the man of the- house, too, since—since

father’s gone.”



“Bless your heart!” exclaimed the bak-

ery lady, “0 course you are. \Vht-n you

get back to Baum's, tell ’em Mrs. Mal—

lory said not to send you after any more

such stuff."



\Vith a heaVy parcel and a lightened

heart, Ralph started out. A glance at

the clock in lilt‘ jewellcr’s window warn.

ed him that it was late.



He scootcd across the street, ran

through an alleyway, and was just about

to repeat. the “scooting” process, when

a warning “hoot' from a motorcycle

horn made him swerve aside.



As he stepped back, something—it

seemed like a giant’s heavy arm—struck

him, knocking him down.





(IS) 187 :





Silence and darkness lasted for a little

while.



When he struggled back toward con—

sciousness, a group of scared—looking

men and boys were crowding close about

him. Ilis head was propped against

somebody's arm. A fat policeman was

writing in a note book.



“Only stunnet,” Ralph heard abig

V0l('t- say. “Thank God he isn't hurt.

This is the first accident I’ve ever had.

Yes, otl‘n-cr, l’ll take him homein my car.

Hon-say, sonny. can’t you tell us your

name, and whore you live?”



“linsign‘sz my name," came weakly

from the boy's lips. “\\'e——we live at the

corner of Ilubhart street and Second.”



“Say," groping about him with one

hand, “Where's my doughnut holes?"



“Yotii'~—\\'liat'?” Dr. Marsh asked in as—

tonishmcnt.



“Doughnut holes,” patiently. “The bak-

cr sent me out for ’em.”



“Oh." The doctor smiled. lie had

heard of that particular hoax. Several

lookers-on laughed aloud. One big fel—

low put a. grimy parcel into Ralph's hand.



“(iit doughnuts next? time,” he solemn—

ly advised.



lit-ing his mother, Mrs. Ensign wept

bitterly when she saw a. stranger come

up the path with her boy in his arms.

but she soon was reassured by the good

doctor, and by the invalid himself, wno

exclaimed, “A car bumped into me and

didn’t hurt me a bit.”



Neighbors came in, bringing consola—

tion. advice and good things to eat. They

all told him what a lucky boy he was.

He begun to think so, himself, when the

doctor, before leaving. pressed a ten-

tlollar gold picce into Ralph’s hand.



“For better luck," he said, and hur-

ried out Without waiting for a word of

thanks.



\\'ith the golden coin clutched tightly

In his list, Ralph drifted off to sleep. Sud—

denly he wakcd. A glow of lamplight

filled the room. His mother was stand—

ing by the bed. Her face looked as

though she had been crying again, yet

she was smiling. too.



”What do you think,” she told him;

“Mr. Baum has been here. lle fairly

cried, poor old man, he was so worried

about you. And part of the time he {or-

got and talked in German, but he man-

aged to tell me that he didn’t know about

the baker sending you out, until just

awhile ago.”



“.\nd he says that you can ride on the

wagon, and help him wait on people, and

he will give you six dollars a week. It’s

so good to know that. you’re not. hurt,

and that people are so good to us."



She leaned over to give him a kiss, and





.this time he did not squirm away.





 





New Arithmetic.

The Teacher—HOW

there in a dozen?

’l‘he Pupil—Five fresh ones, five doubt—

ful ones and two bad ones.





many eggs are





 





 





Burroughs at Work. See First Magazine
188 (16)





KEEP voon EYES OPEN.





.—_.





BY FRANK H. SWEET.





One of the most important elements of

success in life, and even of happiness. is

a trained habit of observation. The in-

estimable value of man’s perceptive fac-

ulties. and the necessity of training them,

are evident from the single fact that it

1:; by means of them, and of them only,

that. our soul comes into contact with the

wonders of the universe. The difference

betWeen man and man consists, in a

large. degree. in tlte greater or less in-

telligence and exactness of their obser-

vation. 'l‘o behold is not to observe. and

the. power of noting,r accurately. compar—

ing and combining is to be, obtained onlv

by incessant effort. There is a saying

that the non—observant man goes through

the forest. and sees no firewood.



A few men out of a thousand are born

with what the llible calls the. hearing

car and the seeing eye; but the great

mass, who. as iloraee says, are a “mere

number, and born to consume the fruits

of the. earth," pass their lives in listless

inattt-tttion and indifference to what is

going on around them. content to satisfy

the mere, cravings of nature. while those

who ate destined “to honor and immor-

tality" have a lynx—eyed vigilance that

lets ttotl‘ilt‘s.‘ escape thrit' attention.



0t «curse. strictly speaking, it is not

the rye and tar that need he traittt-tl.

bttt the faculties that use them; and in

these can anything be- more Wonderful

titan the different-e itt men'.’ \\'hcre the

thoughtless, untrained man sees nothing

worth trcasttring and studying; the oi)«

servant man pint-trolls to the Very core

of the phenomena presented to him. and

the result is sometimes a \\'ondcrl'ul dis»

coverv or invention. The greatest din—

cthrics have usually been the result of

thoughtful brooding over obscrvt-d facts.

The swinging of a lamp in the catlndral

at l'isa. in ltaiy, suggestt’d the pendulum

to Galileo .\ vergtr, who had i‘t'ldt‘th

ishetl with oil the. lamp which swung

from the ceiling. left it swinging to and

fro noting which oscillation attendvtliy.

Galileo. a youth of but eighteen. (,‘onceiV—

ed the idet of applying it to the meas—

urement of time. Fifty years of stttdy

and toil had yet to be passed before he.

completed the pendulum, the. value of

which can scarcely be overestimated.

Why was not this discovery of the “iso-

chronistn"of the pendulum—or, the equal—

ity of its osci'lations in point of timer-s

been made before? Thousands of men.

in every century. must have seen the

phenomenon. t. r a Similar one; but no:

one had \‘lt‘\\'ttl it with the philosophic

and lll‘tltl'tlt‘lt‘tl attention of this thought—

t'ttl young man. 0n not one had flashed

lllt‘ idea ct using the fact for a long—

ne< ll. .t Atllltl invaluable invention.



Mechanics in \tot'kshops have often

made, lllVilllHllll“ discoveries by simply

tbsczving and reflecting on what was

going on under their eyes. To this Wis

due the iirst suggestion of the telescope,

Smail spheres of crystal or glass ital

in'tlll used by the ancient engravers of

gems to aid their sight: and from these

the transition to convex lt-nsts was made.

at Florence. in 1285. One day, a person

who chanced to be looking through two

of tl‘ese lenses in the shop of a spectacle—

maker found a building to which he had

directed his eye brought within a short

distance of the. spot where he stood.

(:alilt-o. then rt‘siding at Venice. heard of

this phenomenon, and at once set 1U

Work to ascertain its cause, the result of

which has the invention of the telescope.

several of which he very soon presented

to the senate of Venice. Gradually im—

proving and pcrfectiug~this instrument,

he at length turned it to the far—off

heavens. when. to his unutterable astou-

ishmcnt, he. saw, what no mortal had

seen before, he surface of the moon

ridged by high mountains and furrowed

by deep valleys; Venus. Jupiter and four

satellttrs; the Milky \\'ay, and finally the

whole heavens sewn over with an infinite

multitude of men who had seen it before

naked eye. A few days—days of what

intoxicating delightincre spent by the

noble Italian in rapidly reviewing the

marvels revealed to him, and thence—

forth be abandoned all other pursuits to

study the heavens for the remainder of

his days.



The uplifting of a kettle-lid by steam,

which had attracted no special atten-

tion, and suggested no invention. to the

multiude of men who had seen it before

it was observed by the Marquis of “’01-—

cester in the Tower of London. led him

to the first steam engine. Oersted need-

ed but to see the needle tremble by elec—

tricity to think his way 'to the whole.

theory of the telegraph. “’hat, apparent-

ly. could be more trivial and unsuggest-





 





THE MICHIGAN - PARMER."





ive as an object of observation than a:

spider’s web? Yet the invention of the

suspcnsory bridge by Sir Samuel Brown

sprang from the sight of such a web

hanging across his path as he walked.

one morning, with his mind haunted With

the problem of bridging the Tweed. Sim-

ilarly, such trifles as the brilliantly-col-

ored st‘ap bubbles blown from a tobacco

pipe suggested to in". Thomas Young his

beautiful theory of “interferences," and

led to his discovery of the diffraction of

light. A basket left on the ground, and

overgrown by acanthus. suggested to an

observant man the Corinthian capital;

and the twitchings of a frog‘s leg reveal-

c'l to another the wonders of Galvan-

ism. so named from him.



Thus have inventions. with an influ-

ence upon civilization greater than can

be estimated, sprung from thoughtful

'observations of commonplace objects.





CARE OF GOLDFISH.





BY H. LEIGH HUNT.





 





Everyone loves to see these dainty lit-

tle pets moving about in a globe of wat-

er or coming to the surface to partake of

some tid—bit offered by the hand that

tat-cs for them. They show a degree. of

intelligence scarcely credited by those

who have never observed them carefully.

it does not Like them long to learn who

feeds them and to come at some signal,

a whistle or a peculiar tone of Voice. and

they will dart about in play as if. as

anxious to “show off” as children before

t-otnprtny. .\ strange hand or voice sends

them to the bottom in quick time to lie

as quiet as possible until the stranger

(li‘lfill'lfi.



in eastern climates where the winters

are long: and cold it is best to purchase

the. ttsh after cold weather comes. ’I‘ltose

shipped in warm weather are tnuch more

likely to die. than those shipped after it

is cooler. \Vhy this is so I cannot say

unless the journey in warm weather

weakens them or they are immature

when shipped. but I have proved by sad





 





 





 





experience that they are not nearly so

hardy. If they are purchased near at

hand they will need only every—day care

at this time but if shipped from a dis—'

lance. they should be placed for an hour.

in salt water. one teaspoonful to one

quart of water, then in fresh water and;





set in a dark cool place for 24 hours t0t ~





rest and recuperate before being fed.‘





They should then be fed the prepared.

tish food, a rice wafer. in quantity ac-'





cording to directions on the package.

Never feed enough at a time So that they

will leave a quantity unconsumed, as it;

fouls he water. .3



Many goldfish die from nervous ex-

haustion. They are so attractive that

everyone wants to see them play and

they are kept in a strong light and con--

stantly in motion. in their native places

rish seek dark secluded spots and for

the most part lie quiet. This should be.

the rtlle with goldfish, to keep them in

a dark cool place the greater part of the

time. Never place the globe in strong

sunlight. If very strong it will kill

them and at the best they will soon Show

their distress by coming to the surface

gasping for breath.



The fish themselves will tell how often

to change the water by becoming un—

easy and swimming near the surface. It

is better to keep them cool and quiet.

enough so that, the water will not need1

changing oftener than once in a week or,

ten days. .j



Goldfish will bear cold much better

than they will heat. A friend had a pair

in a small globe. As her living-room

was very warm it was her custom to

place the globe in the open pantry win-

dow at times. One day she forgot them

and they stayed there over night. Nextt

morning there was a thick ice over the;

top of the globe and she felt sure her!

fish were dead. Not at all. “'hen the!

ice was removed they were found to be!



I

|





lively as ever, even more so than usual.



Many fish are killed by being fed indis—

criminately. It is very common to offert

them bits of meat. bread, green, etc.,§

and they will usually eat them greedilyfl

but they are much healthier to have

nothing but the rice food with a bit of

fresh beef once a week.



If a fish is ailing place it in a. salt

water bath for an hour. Once in two’

weeks it is well to give them a salt wat- 1

er bath when they are well. It strength—

ens them and is very reviving when they

seem sluggish and dull. A fish floating

half on its side will, after being in salt

water for a few moments often become

lively and bright.



Fish thrive better in a large globe with

water plants growing in it and the water

will remain oxygenated much longer. The





SEPT. 7,1918. .





Wore one pair of

President Suspenders

m

for seven years

—





Professor Richard L. Garner is the Scien-

tific man who built a cage in the African

Jungle and made photographic records of

the chattering of the monkeys to prove his

claim that they have a language of their own.





Professor Garner writes us that he wore the same pair of





 





during the seven years he spent in the “hot country.” He was so

, pleased with the comfort; and wearing qualities of the President that

he wanted us to know it.



We don’t claim President Suspenders will last you any such

length of time, but we do say they will give you better service and

more comfort than any suspender you ever Wore and we back this

statement with a guarantee on every pair and make you the follow-

ing offer.



Wear a palm of Presidents for a month. If you don't llke

them we will buy them back at the price you paid.





Light, medium and extra heavy. Extra lengths for tall men.





 





SHIRLEY, Mass.





 





 





 





 





THEUNIVERSALCAR H





 





\





Farmer’s dollars are big

ii dollars—because they are

it hard earned dollars. It is

' because the American

farmer is ever a careful and

painstaking buyer that he i

is to-day the happy and

proud possessor of more

than half the Ford cars in

existence





 





 





 





 





 





 





75,000 Ford cars already sold this season

-—one-third of America’s product. Five

passenger touring car $690—three passen-

ger roadster $590~torpedo runabout $590

~delivery car MOO—town car$900-—f.o . b.

Detroit, complete With all equipment.

Get catalogue N o. 313 A from Ford Motor

Company, Detroit, Mich.





 





 





 





 





\





_ —Agents to represent The Michigan Farmer. You

can make good p9.)r for your spare time this fall

and winter, by taking subscriptions for The Mich-

iganvlt’armer. We make a special trial offer with





large commission to allow you to introduce the pa 1'

to those not taking it. Then later you can make another larger profit by renewmg

these same trial. subscribers. Send at once for our liberal terms.



THE MICHIGAN FARM ER, Detroit, -Mlch.





 





 





; +9»
: .5...





 





SEPT. 7, 1912-.





 





[fit isn’t an Eastman. it isn't a Kodak.





 





The quality of your picture de ends

as much on the simplicity 0 your

camera as upon the quality of its lens

and shutter and mechanism.





KODAKS





combine simplicity with quality. There are

no annoying details in the operation of the

Kodak. Kodaks bear the same relation to a

plate camera that the automatic gun bears to

your grandfathers muzzle loader. Kodaks

are Sim is. efficient, reliable. hey are

designed) b the most experienced camera

makers in t e world, are made in the largest

and best e nipped camera factory in the

world, are %tted with lenses of the highest

t pe. each one individually tested both by

the lens maker and by our own testers.

Kodaks are made by men with whom honest

workmanship has become a habit.



There's no dark-room in the Kodak system

of picture making. The Kodak is complete

ready to use with daylight loading film car-

trid es—there’s no extra investment in plate

hol ers as in the case ofa plate camera.



Kodak means photography with the bother

left out—means good pictures, real value for

your money.



Catalogue free at your dealers or by mail.





EASTMAN KODAK CO.,





-..





 





 





L389 State St.. ROCHESTER, N. Y.





 





 





want to buy anything of any kind. w

him-ma





   





cs,





N—c ‘ .





Will exterminate Rats, Mice and Gophers

from your premises in a.

Safe. Sane and Sanitary Manner.





RAT CORN





N0 ODORS 0R SMELLS .

It mummifies them. No matter where they die.

the ' aim ly DRY UP. Positively do not smell.

rn is a new and scientific discovery, and

w thout a doubt the greatest rat destroyer in the

world: the only one that kills rats without any bad.

dan erous or disagreeable effects.

trial will convince you.

25 cents. 50 cents and $1.00 per can

6 lb Pail $5.00 Express Prepaid

Ask your dealer. or sent by mail on recept of rice.

We pay postage. Booklet “How to Destroy ate"

FREE with each can. _ .

Farm Agents write for Special Price. Made only by





BOTANICAL MANUFACTURING COMPANY

255 5. Fourth Street Phlladelphla. Pa.





 





 





 





o MEN iyiNiEni





W w nt men to sell Dr. . . Waterman's book

“fill? P IEIOAOTICAL STOCK DOCTOR‘ . Dr. Water-

man was for many years Professor of Veterinary

Science at the Michigan A rlcultural College and is



robably the best known eterinarian in the United



totes. His great book has already had a sale of over

one hundred thousand. We want. about. 50 men“ of

fair education. tosell the work this fall. beginning

by or before September first. We pay a liberal com-

mission with a guarantee of not less than $00 a month

:3 reliable men. We have a large number of college



udents without previous experience who during their

summer vacation made from 8150 two 3‘50 3 month.



Write us for particulars. and send references.





F. B. DICKERSON 00..

DETROIT. MICH.





VIII lll-‘lllllflllllll"? fiy’hl'at“ ”iterates:

fig; us. National

Agency. Denver. Colorado.





I





 





“on a Buyers





 





small globes must be changed often or

become impure. .



Pussy has been known to dip her vel-

vet paw in the globe and remove its loc-

cupants. It is safest to place them where

puss will not be likely to molest them.

Never catch them with the hands. Use

a ladle if necessary to remove them. It

is impossible to hold the squirming

things in the bare hand without injuring

them by too much pressure. The ladle

does not harm them and they will not

be entirely out of the waiter.





PLAY AT YOUR OWN GAME





 





BY ORIN E. CROOKER.

Any man, save a jack—at—all-tradcs,

makes a. serious mistake when he tries

to play any game in life with which no





THE MICHIG





 





 





is not perfectly familiar. And yet it is

just because so many attempt to do tlll.)

very thing that lhc get—rich-quick con—

cerns rake in their golden harvest and

the supply of “suckers" seems to know

no end.



Farmers probably contribute it

share of this aforesaid harvest.

man has been known to toil year after

year upon the farm only to invest his

hard—earned savings in some Wild-cal

mining stock or oil well proposition in a

distant part of the country. it looked

good—on paper. Probably if he could

have first seen the particular hole in the

ground in which he was induced to iii~

vest his hard-earned savings he would

not have been so. anxious to part with

them. But distance lends enchantmcnt

quite as truly as it happens that a fOlll

and his money are seen parted. ’l‘hc

well-printed prospectuses are alluring; the-

promiso of large returns is always con—

spicuous; usually the location of the new

bonanza is so remote as to make it quite

cut of the. question for the intending

purchaser to see for himself what the

proposition really amounts to. These and

similar cur—marks are always present to

indicate the general riskiness of the pro-

posed investment. '



A really good and safe investment does

not need in these days of fivi: per cent

money to be extensively ailw-i'tiseil.

There is always an abundance of capital

waiting for investments that are really

gilt edge. This is the reason that issues

of desirable securities in these days find

ready sale at such low rates of interest.





large

Many a





A large concern was recently incorpor-

ated. For years it had been doing a

steady business, and a certain person

who had a. little money to invest knew

to an absolute certainty that the profits

averaged around $90,000 a year. The

capital stock was put at $130,000 which

made it appear pretty much of a gilt-

edgo proposition. Knowing all of the

parties in the concern he had absolute

confidence in their integrity and thus

made application to one of them for a

little of the stock—only to find that none

of it would be sold. The truth of the

matter was that there was no inclinatioi

to let such a good stock get on the mar-





vertised are put before the public in the

hope of getting the deer public's mom-y

with which to promote them. .\ gullible

public is usually ready to advance

cash, and the result is that the risk. as

a. rule, falls upon others than those who

do the promoting. There are exceptions

to this, of course, but one may llf,‘ pretty

certain that if the prospects were as al-

luring and the profits as sure as the

glowing advertisements slate, no money

would need to be spent for advertising

it broadcast throughout the country.





Mr. Farmer, stick to your own game.

The wiles of the promoter of oil wells

and mining stock will prove to be too

many for you if you try to play a game

with which you are unfamiliar. \thn

You get to the point Where it seems as

though you had a dead sure proposition

offered you go to your bank and ask the

president what he would give you fer the

stock in question if you had it, to sell.

The test of a stock is not what you or

others think it is worth but what you

can get for it from someone if you want

to sell. If yOur bunker says he would

buy it from you at a reasonable figure

you can be pretty sure that it is a safe

proposition. Otherwise you had better

put your money in a. savings bank. The

chances are it would even be safer wrap-

ped in a stocking and hid in the mat-I

tress—even were the house 'afire. You

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AN FARMER.





ll‘llflllillllill‘lL'l‘llmI





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Range makes cooking a daily pleasure. It does 23::





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It is

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it heats quickly-needs no





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At Home 10116 Elsewhere





 





Shall The Housewife Become a Chemist?

By' George Ethelbert Walsh.





 





['13 in \Vestfield, Massachusetts, they

are turning out future housewives who

will be their own chemists, and they will

be the pioneers of that great: body of

careful housekeepers who will rely upon'

their own knowledge, and not upon the

words of the dealers or the fancy labels

of the manufacturers, as to whether or

not they are eating clean pure whole-

some food. In the Michigan Agricultural

College and the State Normal College. as

well as several other state schools the

same work is being carried 011. House'—

nold chemistry is being taught to girl

students—not the chemistry which will

fit them for a life-work of probing into

the iriysteries of nature to unlock some

undiscoVered secrets, but simple, house-

hold chemistry that will teach them how

to distinguish between good and bad

food, between adultt-zrttted and pure arti-

cles of human consumption.



“'6 have housekeeping schools through—

out the land where the poor are taught.

to sweep, clean and cook; private schools

where the daughters of the wealthy are

inducted into the mysteries of the chaf-

ing-dish and the use of the alcohol stove;

college extension courses where anybody

can learn to cut up a piece of meat and

'turn it into a dozen different dishes of

appetizinp; flavor; institutions and lec-

tures for instructing the ignorant, care~

less and indifferent girls of our land in

the art of making housework easy and

simple. But how many of these enter

into the. chemistry of cooking?



Yet' the kitshcn, according to all ex—

perts, is the greatest chemical factory cf

the day. Cooking is the chemical prep—

aration of food, and the stomach is the

great chemical factory which further con«

yerts these articles into other forms. The

average kitchen contains all the. neces-

sary articles for nourishing the human

body. it also contains all the ingredients

necessary to poison and kill everyone who

eats of the concoctions. it all depends

upon the mixing of the ingredients as to

whether they shall poison or nourish us

“c all knew that: certain dishes disagree

with us, and when the food in this form

enters our stomach a slow poison is gen—

erated. The housewife who uses careful

l‘Ol’n‘EUlHS'"l't't'llfl's, she calls them, knows

from experience that her cooking will

not injure anyone. But suppose she var—

ies them, introduces an ounce of ginger

instead of a, small pinch, or a cupful of

baking powder instead of a teaspoonful,

what would be the result?



Now if strange and unknown foreign

articles are introduced into our food with—

out our lillUVV‘flttl c who can foretell the

consequences? Some of the adultcrants,

dyes, and preservatives we know are

deadly poisons when used in sufficient

quantity, but they are no less deadly in

the long run if fed to us stcadi‘.y and in

very small quantities. They Weaken, ir—

ritate, and, 111 time. ruin the stomach.

Stomach disorders are more common than

any other disturbances of a. single or—

gan. \\'e have dyspeptics whose malady

in time- undermincs the whole constitu—

tion, opening the door to a score of oth—

Thc stomach is the founda—

woman





(r diseases.

lion of our health. .-\ 1111111 or

with a weak stomach has seen the best

of his or her days of usefulness. Dietingr

may help; drugs may alleviate. and care—

ful study of conditions and symptoms

may lead to a life of sclfwdenial that may

partly ctuc. But' prevention is much

better than cure.



The modern kitchen laboratory con-

sists only of such articles and imple-

ments necessary for the housewife to

determine in a simple way whether the

food she is buying is pure and whole-

some. A few test tubes, a few simpl.’

chemicals, a little experience in using

them, and a few directions, suffice to

make the kitchen laboratory a force in

the land more powerful than that of

pure food laws. Some of these chemicals

are dangerous unless properly handled,

and they must 'therefore be labeled and

kept in glass phials the same as medi—

cines. The laboratory closet. is no place





for unlabeled bottles. It should be kept

under lock and key so that children or

ignorant girls may not fool with its con-

tents. If such simple precautions are

obstrved the kitchen laboratory is no

more dangerous than a medicine: chest

which every careful housekeeper has in

the home.



And the whole equipment, including

utensils and chemicals, should not cost

more than a few dollars. Many of the

articles are already found in the family

medicine chest or in the kitchen. A lac-

tometer should be- the first to add to the

laboratory. This can be purchased for

less than a dollar almost anywhere. lVith

this little instrument on hand one can

tell in a, few minutes. by following di-

rections accompanying it, whether the

milkman is selling you water with your

milk, and also how much. is not such

an instrument an essential part of every

kitchen outfit?



Then add to the equipment a few six-

inch test tubes of glass, and an eight-

incli glass stirring rod, such as you may

see in any drug store or chemical fac-

tory. These are for holding the chemi—

cals in making tests, and the rod for

stirring them. Then come a graduated

glass in which anything can be meas-

ured accurately down to a small frac-

tion of an ounce, a glass funnel,a medi—

cine dropper, some filter paper, glass sau-

cers and phials for holding the chemi-

cals. A list of chemicals for a complete

equipment for testing almost any kind

of food include alcohol, both the grain

and amyl; ammonia, both aqua. and car-

bonate, saturated solution; borax; chloro-

form; ether; Fehling’s solution; ferric

chloride, five per cent: solution; illalphen‘s

reagent; hydrochloric acid; iodine tinc-

ture; logwood tincture; strips of red and

blue litmus paper; nitric acid, phenol—

pthalein in solution; 10 per cent solution

of potassium hydrate, and another phial

of 20 per cent solution; 10 and 20 per

tent solutions of sodium hydrate; 10 per

cent solution of sulphuric acid, and tur-

meric tincture, l‘. S. l’harmocopaeia.



A rather formidable list, you think,

and somewhat dangerous. Not at all.

There. is no more danger in this outfit

than you will find in the average medi-

cine chest. There are explosives in the

list, which might tause trouble if ex-

posed to a flame: but so is there in the

naphtha or benzine which We use to

clean our gloves with or in the kerosene

oil we fill ottr lamps witl1.1'.l‘l1ere- are

poiSons and powerful acids among them,

but so are there in the medicines which

we keep for emergencies. .-\ll the poi-

Hills and acids are properly labeled, and

this should remoVo any chance of dan—

ger.



\\'ith this outfit we can make simple

tests that will put each housekeeper

aboVe the danger of using adultcratcd or

poisoned foods. If used by every house-

keeper of the land it would drive Inc

food poisoners and adultcraters out of

business within a year. Many of the

more pmvorful acids will not be needed

except for rare occasions. The simple

tests answer most purposes. But it is

well to be. prepared for all emergencies.



Here are a few common tests which

the girls of the State Normal schools

learn to make to ascertain if their food

is pure. \Vc have already tested the milk

with the lactometcr to see if it is being

watered. Now we wish to see if our

milkman is using formaldehyde, a most

dangerous substance, as a preservative.

Take a little of the fresh milk in a. tea-

cup and add to it an equal amount of

hydrochloric acid and a. drop of ferric

chloride. \Vhat is the result? Five min-

utes later the milk may show a beauti-

ful purple or lavender hue. You can rest





assured that your milk man is slowly,





serving up poison at your breakfast ta-

ble, and you can order him to discontinue

serving you. But if the milk has not'

changed its color at the end of five min-

utes youknow for a certainty that there

is. no formaldehyde in it. But'some un-

scrupulous milkman may add borax to





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their milk to give it body, and, while not.

so injurious to the stomach as the former

preservative a small quantity taken in

the stomach every day is enough to ruin

the best digestive organ. Well, take a

teaspoonful Of the milk and put in it a

drop of hydrochloric acid and five drops

of the tincture of turmeric. Result—~if

there is borax present—a. beautiful red

or orange color. Once more you know

how to act.



Having disposed of your milkman take

up your grocer. He sells you such a

variety of things that it; will take some

time to test; all of the-m. Take coffee

first. Do you buy it ground? Then how

much coffee, and how much chicory,

starch, or roasted wheat and barley are

you.getting? You don’t know because you

haVe never before been able to find out

absolutely. You may have your Sus-

picious because the coffee seems weak

and a good deal of it is needed to make

a cup. You don’t have to guess any more,

but place a, teaspoonful of the ground

coffee in a glass tube of ice cold water.

Stir it gently, and all the sediments and

particles which drop to the bottom of

the water are adulterants. If dyes are,

used for coloring the foreign particles

these will quickly stain the water. The

pure ground coffee will not sink to the

bottom for a long time, and will not (lis-

coior the water even a slight brown. Th:-

color that shows comes from artificial

dyes. Starch in the Coffee is often used,

and this is not so easily detected. Boil

a little of it in a test tube, pour off the

water, and dilute it a. good deal with

cold water. Then add a drop of tincture

of iodine. If starch is present the fluid

will immediately become blue. This test

should be applied to all ground coffee, for

starch is one of the most common of

coffee adulterants.



Now We will try our bottle of olive oil,

for which we have paid a big price with

a fancy label 011 the outside proclaiming

that it was bottled in Italy or France.

We are not looking for injurious sub-

stances in it, but for cottonseed oil which

we can purchase for one-fifth the price

we pay for pure imported olive oil. Some,

people like cottonseed oil, but they do

not want to pay big prices for it. If we

are going to btty it we want’ it honestly

labeled as such. Our test of the pure

olive oil in the kitchen laboratory is al-

most as simple as that for milk or cof-

fee. Pour some of the oil in a test tube,

add an equal amount of Halphen’s re—

agent. and heat the two in a pint of

water. \\'hile heating stir into the mixture

about three times as much table salt as

oil. and at the end of 15 minutes criti-

cally examine the result 0f the test. if

there is cottonseed oil in the mixture it

will appear in a layer of red 0n the sur—

face. if the oil is half olive and half

cottonseed, the mixture will divide about

evenly in a red and a light layer. Thus you

can tell just about how much you have

been imposed upon.



To make the test

another





doubly sure apply

chemical combination. Add to

the olive oil an equal quantity of nitric

acid, and stir the mixture with the glass

rod. 111 a. short time the oil will turn to

brown, red or orau; (1 if it is adulterated,

and remain a pale or daik green if pure

olive oil. It is a fact that olive oil is

adulterated so generally that it is im—

possible to rtly upon label‘s. lloth the,

domestic and imported are often adulter-

atcd, and the surest way is to test ev—

ery brand until one is found that is pure.

’l‘hen stick to that. In that way only

can the housewife drive out the food

adulterat'ers.



Another common article that is adult—

erated is tca \Vhen you btty a pound of

tea you are not by any means sure that

you are not getting a. goodly proportion

of herbs that. are raised in the ordinary

kitchen garden not 100 miles away from

home. These herbs are. worth probabiy

a few cents a ton, while you pay any-

where from 50 cents to a. dollar a pound

for them when mixed with real tea

Moreover, pigments and graphite are

often mixed with the cheaper grades of

tea to make them weigh more and to in—

crease their buik. Insoluble.mineral sub-

stances can be detected by shaking vig-

orously a. little tea, in cold water about





SEPT. 7, 1912. n,





 





 





 





How to Make

Good Pickles





Sour pickles,sweet pickles,

French pickles, mu stard





pickles, ripe cucumber

pickles—all kinds of pickles.

The Worcester Cook Book

tells you how. Write for

your copy today. It’s free.





Follow the recipes in this booklet and

your pickles will be tastier than ever be-

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you’ll avoid the slime that comes from

ordinary salt. In all pickling use





WORCE STER

SALT





The Salt with the Savor





It is also the most satisfactory salt you ever used both

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Compare Worcester with any other salt. You will find

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bitumen.





For farm and dairy use. Worcester Salt' ts put

up in 28 and 56 pound bags. The bags are made

of the best quality of Irish linen. Good grocers

everywhere Icll Worcester Salt. Get I bag.





WORCESTER SALT COMPANY





Largest Producers of High- Grade

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NEW YORK





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Stop Surface Washing

Start Pore Cleansing





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Could you see the difference in your

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Exclusive use of JAP ROSE will offset

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AllD al _'-

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Please mention the i'llchlun Puller wheat





 





 





writing to advertisers.

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3%”

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fill

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ill‘



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.You may trust your

own “canned goods”





Will you make the most of your

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Wheeling, W. Va. '



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Please note—-ln order to secure free jar this coupon

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HAZEL-ATLAS GLASS CO. AQ

Wheeling, W. Va.



This is to certify That I have this day received one

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To THE DEALERz—Present this to jobber from

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DEALER’S CERTIFICATE. This is to certify, that 1

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Dealer’s Name





 





 





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ve 08.00 to ”2.00 on





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and Heaters





Why not buy the Best when you -

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344 Enron Street Toledo. ()hio_





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six times the bulk of the herb. Then

strain off the water through a. sieve, and

the mineral substances will sink to the

bottom of the bottle. Various herbs and

leaves mixed with the tea are not: so

readily detected, for‘many of those have

about the same characteristics as the tea.

leaves.



Many sins have been committed in the

name of baking powder. There apparent-

ly is nothing easier to adulterate than

this substance, and alum. one of the

most common substitutes, is both harsh

and injurious to the stomach. Taken in

sufficient quantities daily it will knock

out the strongest stomach. Imagina.

then, the harm of feeding children and

old. feeble people With alum under the

guise of pure baking powder.





The housewife of the future will walk

into her kitchen, and open her box or

baking powder, take out a quarter of a

spoonful, and drop it into a, glass test

tube. Then s e will add an inch of

potassium h“ ro-oxide. and warm the

mixture. If 1 re baking powder it will

entirely diss ve in a short time, but if

there is alum, gypsum, talc, or terra

alba it will. remain undissolvcd and col—

lcct in the bottom of the tube. Away

with such baking powder! '11 is a slow

poison, and not to be tolerated an m

slant in the kitchen. Ammonia in the

baking powder will not Show up 5.) read-

and to determine its presence you

mix a teaspoonful of the powder with

two ounces of cold water. Boil and fil—

trate, and add about half as much sodi—

um hydro-oxide of the 10 per cent solu—

tion. Take a strip of red litmus paper

and hold it over the fumes of the mix-

ture. If there is ammonia in the baking

powder it will turn the litmus paper

blue. and if there is none the paper Will

Unchanged.





ii)’.





There are many other simple tests for





lol‘tlinal‘y foods which we use in the home

i that



i make,

lbrund on her table.





the housewife of the future will

before shc admits any particular

There are innumorable

jellies and catsups on the market

It is true





Jams,

that no one is exactly sure of.

that the law requircs that those shall

have stated upon the label thc nature

and quantity of any preservative used in

their preparation. But in spite of the

government‘s efforts many of thesie con—

tain dyes to color them appropriately,

and sometimes when We purchase jams

which have the beautiful color of the





natural fruit we- are really getting an in- .

There are ‘,

good, bad and .





{(-rior lll'ilClC artificially dyed.

many kinds of dyes used,

indifi‘ercnlwvegclable, dyes. animal dyes,

and aniline dyes. The natural fruit col-

ors can nearly always be removed from

u'ool cloth by washing and boiling in

soap and water with a littlc ammonia

added; but coal tar and animal dyes will

survive all the washing processes and

continue to stain the cloth. All dyes of

vcgrtable origin are comparatively eas-

ily removed from woollen cloth, and if

this test is applied one can find out

whether the jams and jellies are colored

with the injurious aniline dycs.





lGVOn our common soap should not be

passed OVt'l‘ lightly by the economical

housewife. An excess of‘ free alkali in





Soap cats and rots the fibres of cloth so

that in a short time the materials go to

pier-cs. Can we wonder that our line

table linen and undergarments go to

]:l(‘('€H SI) quickly when tools are made of

some of the Cheap soaps? Shave oft’

some of your soap, and put half a tea-

spoonful of it in a glass test tube. Ad‘l

four tczispoonfuls of Sironi.r alcohol. Then

immerse the tube in hot water to warm

the mixture. shake and filter, and put

1wo drops ot phcnolphthalein in solution

in it, 1? frco :llkilll is in the. soup tho

mixture will turn a fine pink color, 'l‘hat

soap is unsuilcrl for washing fine fab—

rics. It will cut and destroy the mate—

l‘iul very rapidly.



The housewife thus only just be—

gun to declare a Sllf'ili. but effective “’31“-

fare on the lnanul'acturors and dispensers

of adulteratcd and poisonous foods. and

household articles She has it within

her power to accomplish more than all

the legislators and health boards of the

country can do. With her little kitchen

chemical laboratory always tit hand she

can test and sift out the goods which

are not as they are represented [to be.

She needs no gaudily-colorcd labels to

tell her whether the goods she buys are

pure. She accepts. no man’s word for it,

but applies her own knowledge with in—

tallible results. .The chemists have made-

the tests for her, and all she has to do

is to follow directions. It is no more.

difficult than following the directions for

making a. pudding or cake.





has





TH-E MICHIGAN VFARMER.





 





 





 





(19)





191





No sand too deep





No hill too steep





The Farmer needs comfort

more than the city/man





Road shocks are almost entire—

ly eliminated through the four

full elliptic springs.



On a motor-driven vehicle

full elliptic springs are just as

efficient as on a carriage—and

you know that they are the

best spring equipment for a

carriage.



Mechanically the new Jackson: are

fully up to the high standard set



by the upholstery, finish and roomi-

ness of the bodies.



They have sutlicicnt-power for the

worst. road conditions, and they are

bot-11 smooth and silent.



Write for the advance literature on

the 191?» Jackson and the name of

the nearest. dealer.



We want you to try the car for your-

self and see what. real automobile

comfort is.





Jackson, Mich.





Because of the very nature of

' its work and the roads it travels,

the farmer’s car should be more

comfortable than the city

man’s.



The farmer’s driving is not

over pavements and boulevards,

but over the country roads, in

whatever condition he finds

them.



His car should be powerful,





too; and sturdy and strong.



The Jackson is all these; as you have

always known.



And for 1913 it is more comfortable

—more roomy—easier riding—than

it has. ever been before.



The wheelbase is longer; the wheels

and tires are larger.



The upholstery is ill int-lids

——ilccp. soft. and luxurious.





Jackson Automobile Co.,





thick





1460 E. Main

Street





 

 





. .zefeszggfw‘wwz. gv;





 





Jackson “Olympic”——$l 500



35 horsepower. unit, power plant; long-stroke motor—Ulixiai inch. llo-inch wheelbase: 34x4 inch tires. Full

elliptic springs. front and rear. Dcep. roomy body. with 10-inch upholstery. Gasoline, tank undor dach,

Hlt_l)plled il‘om storage tank at the rear. with pressure pump. ’l'otzll capacity twenty gallons. Equipmont of

Disco Belt-starter, mohair top. top hood. ventilating windshield. speedometer. oil and gasoline gauges on

dash. Prest-o-llte tank with automatic electric lighter; Firestone univorsul quick-detachable dcmountoblo





rims, extra rim. tire carrier. rohc rail. foot; rest In tonncau. pump. jack. tire outfit: and tools. Trimmings

" .—:-——_-—_-rg





Luci W \ \ \ ' \ '



., \ A. Kolomoz o, 2;:



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Latest Improved Styles





At $5 to $40 Less





‘ \ \\ a '

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\ and ranges-now better than ever. New devices such as

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\ \\:l





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Stove ‘ glass oven door.





 

 





 

 

   

   

   





Shipped $5.00 to $40.00. In addition we offer 30 Days' Trial—360

The Day§ Days’ Approval Test—$100000 Bunk Bond Guarantee.

02"; \ . Over 200,000 customers say our plan is right-you’ll





 

 





say so too.





This Free Book Tells All





the inside secrets of stove making and stove '

selling. All the Kalamazoo iineillustrated and

described. Reduced Factory prices quoted on

everything. You need our big stove book as

a reference anyway. Send for it NOW and

study it. Ask for catalog No.113. Please

mention this paper when writing.





Kalamazoo Stove Company, Mfrs.

KALAMAZOO, MICHIGAN

We maize Furnaces and Gas Stoves (00. Ask





\\ \ \\ for spectal catalogs if Interested. \\\\





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Bov ‘





9 Do you wanfia

Not a toy Watch but a real I6 size





We tab?

Watch. You can have it absolutely Free!





Just the right





 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

   

   

 

 

   

   





Tho watch is a regular 16 size.





size. Nickle case. Screw set and wind. Excellent

movc'mcnt with hair sprimcr, offering the paper

guaranteed by thc makers und they “ill repair it





free of charge for one your if given ordinary care.

Read Here How Easily It is gotten.



We are making a special offer to those not now

taking the Michigan b‘unuvr, offering; the paper

10 weeks for only 10 cents on trial. You can see

this is so liberal that subscriptions are easily got-

ten. All that is necessary to get the watch is .0

get 10 of these lO-cent trial subscriptions. Send us

the $1.00 you collect with the» names and addresses

and we will at once send the watch postpaid. Any

boy that really wants a watch can get it and it

won’t take more than a couple of hOurs of his

time. We will send you sample copies if you re-

quest 'them. Address the Michigan Farmer.





THE moment

FARMER.

DETROIT, Mlcu.
's

i.

i

r.

i'





192 (20):





the “gardener's insurance policy”

against lack of blooms during win—

ter and spring, indoors and out, and in

writing of them first consideration should

be given to those intended for forcing as

there is no time to lose in getting those

wanted for holiday decorations started.

The things to be decided on now are

when, how many, and what sorts to or-

der and after many years'of experience

we would say: Order as soon as new

catalogs are to be had; as many as can

be afforded. and the sorts that appeal

to individual taste, but to help the be-

ginner aVoid some of the unsatisfactory

results we did not know how to avoid

we make the following suggestions:





: i OMEONE spoke of hardy bulbs as





Bulbs that produce slender foliage and

small or medium-sized blooms are never

very satisfactory when potted singly and

experience taught the lesson that half—

a-dozcn bulbs of small flowered or three

of medium—sized type in a four—inch pot

have plenty of room and make a much

finer showing. Among the small-flowered

type would be. all the scillas (except S.

clusil. alliums, tritcleias, brodiacas and

otllers that will be recognized by the cat,—

alog descriptions, while hyacinths and

similar blooms would belong in the me—

dium class.



Among the large flowered sorts that

make a; good showing when [uplctl singly

the Scilla CltlSl has foliage .‘ls‘ “ll!“ :18 an

antaryllis and produces a large umbcl of

blue, star—shaped flowers. tlrnitrogalum

Arabicum (sometimes called Star of

.lctblehem), has an equally largo umbel

of pure white flowers, each of which has

a. jet black center. The bunch tlowcred

forms of Narcissi and some others, also.

arc suited to potting singly.



("dialog dcscriptions art- a grout. help in

selecting Vill‘lt‘llt-S not (‘Olilnlnonly ‘Stt‘lll.

but Spat-axis. lxia and Allium Neapoli-

tanum deserve special mention as being

unusual in typo and very satisfactory

bloomers. The first has bright. colormi

flowu‘s abOut the size of a l'l'ccsia; thr-

sccond has saucer-like flowers arrangcd

in a spike form, and the. third has white

flowers that keep in perfect condition for

weeks, if left on the plant, and are. un-

usually asting when out.



Anothcl little bit of experience taught

that six bulbs showing flowers of differ—

ent colors were not to bt- compared for

beauty with six of one. color. Six Roman

llyacinths grown in (lllt' pot and all of

one color was one of lllt' most connncnt-

cd things in a large collection.



A second little hint Worth hccding is

to the effect that if cil'cumstanccs make

it possible for the buyer to select bulbs

from open stock, large specimens that

have a “give” or spongy feeding when

pressed in the hand should be avoided.

The experienced buyers select the small—

er and firmer bulbs knowing that tiny

will produce tin-gr llowcrs.



Examine the base of each bulb before

potting and if a hard scale, or symptoms

of dry rot can be found out it away as

the scale will interfere with the starting

out of roots and the rot will dcvclop ra'i—

idly when I)l{1('(‘(l in moist soil.. l’ndv-vcl—

oped roots stored in the both will show

as white dots when cut :n-loss and as

long as these can be seen no injury is

done by cutting away the base while, if

the (llm‘aSOd condition extends above

them the bulb might as wcll be thrown

away before time, space, and care is

wasted on it.



Soil for bulbs should be free from

stones or hard lumps. though not pct-es-

sarily very rich. Fill tho pot partly full,

til-m it down lightly, and set the bulbs in





position. Fill in soil as needed but do

not till the pot full, and do not cover the

neck of the bulb. All roots start from





the base and leaving the, top of bulb e):—

poscd remoVes one source of failure by

preventing water from settling and statinb

ing in neck before tln- foliage gets a

start. lf clear. sand is available a l:l_\‘cl'

placed just under and around the bulb

is a fine thing for it.



When thc pots are filled give the soil

a good wetting and put away in some

dark, cool place where there is a fair

circulation of air. If the soil gets very

dry water once or twice, as needed, but

remember that bulbs without growing

foliage need very little moisture. "lit-ave-

the bulbs in the dark until a good strong

root growth is established and the fox-

iage is an inch, or more, high. \l‘hen this

stage is reached bring them to the, light

and let them develop as rapidly as they

will in a. cool room, remembering always





THE MICHIGAN FARM-ER.





, FLORAL WORK FOR SEPTEMBER.





.51! EVA RYMAN-GAILLARD.





that the bulbs we “force" make a. na'cu-

ral growth in the spring in a. cool soil

and Show their stocky flower buds long be-

fore freezing weather is past. Bringing

them into the house makes no change in

their nature and a warm place, among

hot—house plant's, does not suit their

needs.



If it is more convenient to pot the full

supply of bulbs at one time, and be dOne

with the job, it can be done safely.

llave the soil dry when the potting is

done and give no water to those to be

lu-pt dormant until you want to start

them into growth. Keep them as cold as

possible without actual freezing, and in

a perfectly dark place, as another means

of retarding growth. If there is no need

to pot all at one time they may be left

wrapped in the papers, as they come

from the dealer, in a cool, dark place

until wanted. Another method of keep-

ing the succession up is to leave some

bulbs in the dark until the foliage is

two or even three inches tall and then

bringing into strong light gradually,as

the foliage darkens and toughens. Re-

tard growth in the way that' is most con-

Vcnient but do not itse sight of the fact

that, a few bright blooms all the time will

give. more pleasure, under crdiuary cir-

tlnnstances, than a greater display for a.

:-hort time, only.



There is little beauty 0 the foliage of

bulbs and they may as well be allowed to

stay in some cool, out of the way, room

until about ready to bloom, and the fact

that they need be on exhibition for but

a. short time makes it expedient to use

receptacles that are not at all ornamental

if the supply of regulation pots runs

short. When displayed the ugly dish can

be hidden in an ornamental one.



When the flowers wither, carry the pots

hack to their out-of—sight quarters if you

care to let the. bulbs develop and ripen

for future use in the garden, but do not

fuss with them, thinking they will prove

satisfactory for future forcing. In the

garden they will gradually regain the

Vitality lost in the forcing process and

:tl'ttr a few years produce very good

blooms, and they will reach this stage

sooner if the bulbs are pinched out for a

your or two after bedding the bulbs.





An article on forcing bulbs would be

very incomplete without some. mention

of methods of water—forcing as .almost

everyone enjoys the novelty of watching

their dcvelopment. The plant most often

forced in water is the Chinese Sacred

Lily and those who know and practice

the Chinaman’s trick of gashing the bulb

get the finest blooms and most of them

from each bulb. First clean off the

brown base, being careful to not break

off the small bulbs, then cut four gashes

from the tip to the. base, leaving the

latter whole. On a large bulb the gashes

may be half an inch deep and this gives

the layers of which the bulb is formed

a chancc to spread apart and let the

bower-buds out. In an uncut bulb most

of the buds fail to get up through the

neck of the bulb and the, grower gets a

couple of stalks of bloom where four or

six should appear.



The usual custom is to hold the bulb

in position by placing pretty pebbles or

shells around it and if this is done a few

pieces of charcoal placed among them

will help to keep the water sweet, and

provide elements that increase the growth

of the plant. Change the water as need-

ed by pouring in tepid water until the

old is flushed out—never replace water

that has taken on the temperature of

the. room _with cold. After buds form,

add a tiny bit of nitrate of soda, or salt-

pen-e, to the water once a week to act

as a stimulant.



Hyacinths and other bulbs may be

forced in water but the bulb should never

be submcrged. 1f the. base is in the wat-

er and the roots train down into it noth-

ing more is needed. With small bulbs

a dish filled with moss, shredded sponge,

.lr t‘l(‘(.lll sand makes a good “bed" if the

“'illt‘l' is kcpt just aboutt to the level of

the filling material. A very large sponge

may have the pores stuck full of small

bulbs and if kept. standing on a plate

and water supplied frequently the result

will be very pleasing as a table decora~

lion. Many litt'le schemes may be work-

ed out if the water supply is unfailing

and each will find some different one.

Let the roots start in the dark, as with

soil—grown bulbs, or the tops will out-

strip the roots at the expense of the

stored vitality needed for the production

of perfect blooms.





 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 





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Ever See

This Don





This trademark stands for the

famous Soul/z Bend Wale/z. You

may have seen a South Bend

actually frozen in a cake of ice

in a South-Bend-Jeweler’s win-

(low, for hundreds of these jew-

elers [1(12’8 slum/n these watches

running accurately in ice.





The meaning. of the trade-

mark is that South Bend Watt/2:3

are marvelously accurate time-

pieces. This mark means that

South Bend Watches actually

do what the mark indicates. An

adjusted South Bend will run in

oven heat, too, and keep perfect

time.





Now, if it will keep time un-

der tlzcse conditions, it will stay

accurate in your pocket.





You ought to look up a South—

Bend-Jeweler and see one of

these watches.





It takes six months just to

make a South Bend Watch. Six

months more are often neces-

sary to regulate it to the point

where it will pass the 700—1202”

accuracy test that every South

Bend must stand. Each watch

is inspected 411 times in the

making. A South Bend is truly

a wonderful watch





   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   





 





""ll""‘t"’ lllllll“





""lltl Wt"





   

 





 





 

 

 





   

   

 





 





The South Bend is sold only

by expert retail jewelers—never

by mail. You thus get the jew-

eler’s regulation with the South

Bend. That is important, for

watches don’t run the same for

everybody. They’ve got to be

regulated to the buyer’s person-

ality. Ask the jeweler why.





Drop in today and see a

South-Bend-Jeweler. Read this

letter from one of them:





 





Mandan, N. D., March 25. 1911.





SOUTH BEND WATCH Co.

South Bend, Ind.





Gentlemen: I would say in re-

gard to Studebaker Watch that

I am very much pleased with it.

I loaned this watch to Conductor

Ed. Nichols of the Northern Pa-

cific R. R. Said watch came in

on time for three consecutive

weeks. Mr. Nichols stated to

me it was the best watch he ever

carried. Yours very truly,





C. CONYNE.





 





Write for free book, “How

Good Watches Are Made.” It

tells interesting things about

watches and their construction.

You need this book if you are

going to buy a watch.





The South Bend Watch Company

9 Market_ Street, South Bend, Indiana





$3Mee§ ”





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nuit Jars For

Preservm





Time





l

Fruit and preserve jars take on a new ;

lustre—an air of inviting cleanliness, '

1 when cleaned with Old Dutch Cleanser. ‘

The fine porous particles go into every

corner and rout out the small stuck-

on particles-quickly and easily. ,5 It ‘

dwill also clean the hands of stains. '





Many other uses and full direction.





on large sifter can—10c.





‘ Old Dutch





Cleans or;

V





 





 

   





‘Please mention ‘the Michigan Farmer when you





 





are writing to advertisers and you will do us a favor.t





/ .





’1 till,





 





n—





 





‘





‘L
SHOOTHEST

rosAcco





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





is Burley leaf,

mellowed un-

til it's delici-

ous.





A t all

dealers





 

 





, 10c.





 





Hills Mill Hill ulns

Hm SALE on EXBHANBE





mthebest dehea st.



Our In York In med Farms s... f... minute’s...

B. F. McBurney 00.. 703 Fisher Bldg.. Chicago. Ill.

-—any kind, any-





To Buy, Sell or Exchange Props “be... mum.





Northwestern Business genoy. Minneapolis. Minn.





 





 





 





 





Small farm near St. Louis Mich.

Farm for sale Tcrmscush. Inquire of J. B. Ilalbert,

St. Louis. Mich., or Jessie Phelps. Ypsilanti. Mich.





Fm“. F and unlm roved lands in Delaware.



din: diversiiie farming. live stock. de-

licious fruits and ideal homes. For information only.

Address. State Board of Agriculture. Dover. Delaware.





OUR BIG LIST OF FARMS





will save you time and money in buying a farm.

Come now while crops are growing. MICB GA

FARM HOME (10.. Greenville. Mich.





00D 1K) ACRE FARM FOR SALE. 80 acres im~





 





THE" MicnroAN FARMER.





ores-ease»





HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.





(Continued from’ page 184).

Railways, telegraph and telephone prop-

erty has been badly demoralized in the

storm-stricken district



Senator Isaac Stephenson, of VViscon—

sin, one of the most [.‘rominent members

of the United States Senate, is reported

seriously ill 'at his fishing camp 50 miles

north of Escanaba, Mich.



Lumber dealers have filched fully $60,-

000 annually from the city of San Fran—

cisco through an underweight system.

The law provides for a harbor fee of

five cents per ton. Short weights to re—

duce this tax is the charge against the

dealers.



‘l‘nprccedented interest is taken in the

political campaign in Vermont, which

ends with an election on Tuesday of this

week.



Because of a seeming lack of discipline

at Jackson prison, the board of control

met Monday and restored corporal pun—

isliment in the institution.



Detroit is having considerable trouble

in disposing of her garbage. The situ-

ation has been made more acute by the

recent warm days. ‘he inability of the

reduction company t .,handlc the large

amount of garbage brought to them has

so congested the traffic that the proper

collections cannot be made.



In an effort to prevent the shipment

of coal, striking miners tore up railway

tracks above Elkdalc, \Vest Virginia, on

Monday. It became necessary to call a

company of militia to the scene.



The bureau of mining has sent 35 ex—

perts to Alaska to investigate the extent

and availability of the Bering river coal

fields. It is hoped that the coal there





will be found available fOr naval pur—

poses.

Four persons were killed, 26 injured.





six of them seriously, when a passenger

train plunged into the Lemomveir river

near Camp Douglas, W'is. The stream

was swollen and a bridge had been wash-

ed away, causing the accident. Serious

damage from floods is also reported from

a number of points in northern Wiscon-

sin. Property loss estimated at $100,000

is reported at Traverse City, Mich., where

storms were severe.



Ohio votes on the question of women's

suffrage Tuesday of this week.



Col. Chas. A. Booth has been relieved





 





 





proved. 20 acres pasture. EX) acres timber. good

soil and buildings. big orchard, l silo, 3 barns. large

house and other out buildings. Sold with or without

crops. Come now when crops are rowin I. For infor-

mation write Albert Dietz, R. l. or N. iiwks. Mich.





FARMS WAN“ -We have direct buyers. Don't



pay commissions. Write de-

scribing property. naming lowest rice. We help buy-

erslocate desirable ro erty FRE . American Invest.

mont Association. P 300 Bldg.. Minneapolis. Minn.





Choice Michigan, Lands‘fgil’gg

fine unimproved lands. Also some improved farms





in Glndwin and Clare counties. Write us for maps and

folders. McClure-Stevens Land 00.. Gladwin. Mich.





when you can buy

the Best Land in

Mich! n at from

8'! to an acre





near Saginaw and Bay City. Write for ms and par-

ticulars. Clear title “(I easy terms. VS“ eld Bros"

(owners) 15 Merrill Bldg , Saginaw. W. S. Michigan.





CENTRAL MICHIGAN. 3;:‘33535





list of stock and Grain Farms. also our booklet “Facts

about Central Michigan". giving complete informa-

tion regarding the finest flu-min district in Central

Michigan. HOLMES REALTY 0.. Lancing. Mich.





FOR SALE—Three quarter sections of Presque



Isle County, Mich., clay soil, corner.

ing at school house 5% mi on south of Millersburg.

Well watered, well grassed and easily cleared. Price

$10 an acre—easy terms. Also partly improved forms

at $1.") and 320 an acre. High class land only. JOHN (u.

KRA UTH,Bainy Luke Ranch P.0., Millersburg.M it'll.





Located 4% miles

For Sale, Farm of 80 Acres. “magma Baum...

Town and good market. 6% miles from Howell on

milk route and telephone line. Farm has go _ house,

nearly new, large hip roof basement barn. 33:00 worth

of buildings. 10 acres of young timber, balance all

plow land. 5.; o! a mile from good fishing lake. l’rice

only $7000. Write Lock Box 277. Howell. Michigan.





~Fruit farm of 37% ilt‘l'i‘fi in vil~

For Sale Farms Inge of Farmington. in richest

apple belt of Oakland count). right on (i raind River

Avenue. Cement sidewalk in front, 200 bearing apple

trees, 4(1) young apple trees, one-half acre grapes. 25

young cherry trees, variety of berries. About 6 acres

of woods with elegant flowing springs. Dandy little

house newly decorated. electric ligh ts, hard“ and floors

down stairs. Electric car service and Just 19 miles

from city ball, over heat road in hfichignn now nearly

finished. An ideal fruit farm and home. Price five

thousand dollars (36‘ ). Ap ly on farm.



()TTO SHAW ’E'l‘it‘ll. “’cst end of Village.





FREE IIOMESTEADS IN ARKANSAS





Under new 3-year law. .0“) acres now open nour

railroads and markets. Our Homesteadcr's Guidebook

tells just how. to locate. acquire title, -number of

acres vacant in each county and full text of new law.

Price 250. FARM PUB. C0.. Little Rock. Ark.





 





For Sale—the Chandler Lands first;

000 acres out over hardwood lands located in Presque

Isle und Cheboygun counties near railroad and

market. finest of farming lands, prices from 35 up

accordin to improvements and location. Thad. B.

Preston. ‘rustee for Merritt Chandler. Onaway.Mich,





166 Acres. $3500, Easy Tenn:

Livestock and Tools included.





Immediate income here. from your own cows, which

go with the farm. and}: chance to clear up a neat

sum from wood and timber; excellently located in

New York; only one mile to B. it. station, near

neighbors, stores. school. churches; cuts 40 tons hay.



nature for 40 cows, 400 cords wood. .000 it. timber;



-storv 8-room house. 40x60 basement barn, other

buildings: aged orip led owner recently left alone

must make quick 0 ange. includes it taken now 2

horses, 6 cows. wagon, machinery and email tools, all

for only 835“) part cash. easy terms. Complete detai 1..

and traveling directions to see it and another of 160

acre- with 2-story ill-loom restdencc for only in“), page

48, “Btrout'sFarm Catalogue 35. , ition, copy

free. Yearl farm products of New lork‘Stute valued

at mean. . Station 101, E. A..S’1‘RUUT FARM

AGENCY, Union Bank Building, Pittsburg. Pa,





 





That sectional: Kentucky. Tennessee. Alabama and



Georgia traversed by the . '



_ Mulle, Chattanooga & St. Louis Railway



3: rich in natural resources. and its climatic con~

itions undfihe fertility ct its soils ofler unexcelled



opportunities to: the pr table production of



gum:- film “er stock and truck crops Fertile and at-



trnctiiu tum land: may be had at very low prices.



L ms 81. once in Descriptive Literature FREE



1’ SM! fr B ‘1'





   





tof the command of the Twenty-Sixth





,4 l'nlted State-s Infantry at Fort \Vayne

'and Col, Robt. A. Bollard will succeed

him. Col. Bullarzi gained considerable





lame during the Spanish-American war.



(me person was killed and four injured

when a work our ran into an open switch

on the electric line at Birmingham. Mich.

last Saturday.



A grand jury probing the situation

surrOunding the textile strike in Massa-

chusetts is reported to have indicted Wm.

A. “'ood. who controls the industry at

Lawrence, charging him with planting

dynamite for the purpose of breaking the

strike and discrediting the strikers. The

jury will continue its investigations, be—

lieving that other persons of prominence

are connected with the conspiracy.



A ruling by the lostmaster—Generai

provides for the closing of city post

offices on Sunday.



At the Michigan primary election held

Aug. 27, Amos S. Musselmun, of Grand

llapids, was nominated for governor by

[the republican party; \V. N. Ferris, of

,Big lupitls. by the democrats, and L.

'thitney Watkins, of Manchester, by the

progressives.



Justice Charles 1.; Blair, of the supreme

,court of Michigan, died at Lansing after

*a short illness. Funeral services were

lhcld on Tuesday. Remains will be taken

to his old home at Jackson for interment.



The American bar association in ses-

sion at Milwaukee passed resolutions oe-

claring the movement to recall judges

and decisions of our courts as a danger—

cus one to the country.



Complaints are being made by residents

of the southwest that railroads are ex-

acting large tariffs from shippers for the

transportation of goods. Through the

ownership of coaslwise vessels competi—

tion from thit source is doctroyed and

thus the railroads are left uuhainpered

in making their charges for intra-statc

Service





 





Foreign.



Mexican rebels captured Cuchillo l"arado.

a town 3'") miles south of the American

border. and are now rciwrtcd approach-

ing ()jinaga.



Order has been restored in Nicaragua

by American marines and now 1,000 men

are busy rebuilding the dismantled rail-

way to Managua, the capital.



information is being sent to Washington

by Great Britain intimating that the

(.‘anal dispute will be appealed to The

Hague for settlement. The question cou—

(erns the allowing of American vessels

the free use of the canal while other na—

tions will be required i() pay toll, as pro-

vided in the law passing congress at the

recent session.





FIRST COUNTRY LIFE CONFERENCE.





This year Bay View inaugurated an in-

novation—a thrcc days' country life con-

i'erence; then got up a great program

and invited all Northern Michigan farm-

ers. They came in large numbers. and

there would have been many more but

for a big storm which swept the region

theday before and on the morning of the

opening day threatened a continuance.

0n the program was the secretary of the

National Grange; two from the Agricul-





 





. l

- SUNNY TENNESSEE! itineraries itinerantraler





gnia, New York and other states were rep--

,resented. It- was :1 great program and

lat times the attendance ran up to nearly

(2.000. Bay View proposes to hold such

'a conference every year. audit has treat—

ed the farmers who attend this year so

generously and with such a sincere wel-

come that next year will see a. large in—

crease in attendance.





1





on I 193





 





Model “K" Touring Car. Fully Equipped 3900





Equipment includes threefoil lamps. two gas lumps, generator, top with side curtains

and top cover, Windshield, horn, demountable rims with spare rim, tool kit with Jack.

and tire repair outfit with pump.





Prove on your own roads





 





What we say of the Krit





hit that alone does not sell Krit

cars.





I



Telephone or call on the nearest Krit

dealer and arrange to have him

bring a lxrit to your farm.





It’s the remarkably reliablefcfiicient

and economical service the Krit.





Have. him drive you over your own

gives its owners that. sells the Krit.





country roads, up the steepest hills



~anywhero——so you can see how



the Krit behaves and ridcs. For $900 the Krit offers you more

actual value. we believe, than any

other car at its price and in many

cases equals cars costing $1500 or

more.





He. will gladly do this, if you will

only give him the opportunity.





We want you to judge the Krit. on

what you see and how 'it acts and

behaves on the roads and hills you

travel daily.





‘ We know that you will be delighted

with the outward appearance of the

Krit.





The car carries live people in comfort,

is easy iiding, powerful, durable

antlcoines to you with a complete

equipment.





\Vrite for catalog and name of near-

est Krit dealer.





 





 





Other Models

Model "KR" Roadster : : S900

" "KD" Covered Delivery 900





KR" MOTOR CAR COMPANY, 1003 E. Grand Boulevard, Detroit, Mich.





 





A Hay Press That' Carries .





 





Its Own Power Plant





Combination Solid Steel, Big-Capacity Press

With Gas Engine Mounted on Same Truck _-

This sensational Money-Making

Hay Baling Outfit. which we

introduced in 1910, has just

about doubled the profits of W H _ A ,

tilie hag bnl$elrb fishy Euler: $15 d I: ~ .' '-

c cane up . 2 an even a ay rig t

along. Hay now commands a big price, and A- Wonder “Er

everyone wants theirs baled. “IIIIITOW Balm: -

It's a compact. big-capacity, all-steel press. handling 2% to 3% tons per hour. Carries its

own power plant, completely equipped. Easy to move. Coupled up short. you don’t need a

40-acre field to turn it around. Always ready for business. You can get in a big day's work

every day. The press has a big feed opening. It's a self-feeder. tool Feeds direct from fork.

Friction clutch sprocket on press. Lever convenient for feeder: starts or stops press

insttaintly. No Cfingenserdbox. $1? dangesriouslfoot tamping, no balance wheels, no compll.

ca e gears.no g -spee mac nary. mp e block dropper. Extra-len th t in chamber.

Lever brake. IT'S A. WONDER FOR WINDROW WORK. g y g





Sandwich . Motor Press





Engine is the very best quality. Hopper-

cooled type—requires little water. Has both

. batteries and magneto. Heavy steel roller,

chain drive. No belts to lose power or

cause trouble. Chain delivers full power of

engine. .



Comes completely and fully equipped. En-

gine can be removed for other work. Can

furnish outfits with 4, 5, 7 and 9-horsepower

engines.



Both press and engine are of the very best

quality—made for hard. continuous service-

yet the cost of the outfit is very reasonable.





Horse-Power Presses, Too!

We make a complete line of hay presses—





 

   

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 





   





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





     





gine). but hone~power presses of the very.

latest type—steel frame or wood frame-

email 0" large capacity.





Catalog FREE





Few ople realize how well hay-balmy

pays. riled hay is in tremendous demand

every place. It's shipped all over the world.

Pays every farmer big to bale his hair. Pays

you big to do the ballng! - x



Send us your name and address on a postll

TODAY, stating whether you wish a. motor.

belt or horse-power press. and we will send

you ourlatest catalog showing the complete

' _ line of Sandwich Presses. The catalog will

not only motor presses. With which we fur- also give you a good idea of the big profits

nlsh engine (or you can use your own en- in hay-baling. (59-





Sandwich Manufacturing Company, aooMoln Street, sandwich, lll'.

Branches: Box 200 hum City. No; Box 200 Council iii-ins. Ia. _





 





 





 





 





My Ghatham Mill





‘

Lo (:drain Grader and Cleaner ‘

an tree for 30 days — no mone

down~freight pre aid—cash or credit): F R EE '

It grades. cleans an separates wheat. cats. LOAN

corn. barlev. flax. clover. timothy, etc. Takes I

oockle. ml outs. tame outs. smut. etc.. from seed wheut; any mix-

ture from flax. Sorts corn for drop planter. Ride clover of back-

rn. Takes out all dust. dirt. chafl and noxious weeds from timo.

‘ thy. Removes foul weed seed and all the damaged. shrunken.

cracked or feeble kernels from any grain. Handles up to 80 bushels

r h‘our. Qua powercr hand power. Eneiest running mill on earth.

or 2.501)“) in use in U. S. and Canada. Postal brings low-price-

“Bit 'd't:“9il’r&'§"°"t¥il’.€”d ”All 5$Afi°fia ‘ “1’11”“ 50°

. ome. sen .‘ t a on want

to be one of the lucky 500. Ask for Booklet no.y y (39)





TH! HANSON CMPBEKI. COMPANY. Detroit. Kansas





4% or On Time





 

     

   

 

 





   

 

 

 

 





 

 

   

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 





 





ll! .

City. Minneapolis





 





 





When writing to advertisers please mention the Michigan Farmer,
swan, ., ,. .





194 ':(22)‘





PROTECTION for





YOUR CARRIAGE OR AUTO





AT SLIGHT COST





When. you paint with Acme Quality Carriage Paint, you et

both hne appearance and wearing quality. The cost 18 not - ‘

ing as compared to what it means in added life and service. 6

But interior paint is worse than a waste of money.





Acme Quality Carriage Paint is best carriage varnish—-

That’s why it holds its fine look—and





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





highest grade color.

wears. Like all





to-day for a copy of the





 





finishing results.





supply you. write to





Dept. AA

Detroit, Mich.





' A'P‘SS'A'JIF rh-





ACME 004L177





Paints, Enamels, Stains

and Varnishes





it gives fullest value. To get a brilliant gloss that willresist the wear of

elements. be sure to see the Acme Quality trade mark on the can.





There’s an Acme Quality kind for every purpose. Made in the largest

paint and varnish works in the world.





To know how to get finest possible painted surfaces, write





Acme Quality Painting Guide Book





We will gladly send you a copy—FREE. You have only to

consult its pages to know how to get perfect painting and





Your dealer should have Acme Quality Paints and Finishes. it he can't





ACME WHITE LEAD AND COLOR WORKS





 





[N75 ’





[NA MIL .;





   





pi





   





t5 fA/NS





\“\\5’4J_Nl5





 





£4?”





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catch fire. can’t leak.





Last Longest





00st least





Fireproci—Botproot—Busiproof





Put 'Em 0n Yourself





Roof that building of yours with genuine Edwards "Rea” Steel Shingles! Can’t rust. can’t rot. can’t

Guaranteed against lightning by our $10,000 Guarantee Bond. Never need





repairs or paint. Outlastthreewood-shingle roofs and five composition roofs. Nowsellingatlow

factory prices—all freight paid. Put them on yourself. Don't hire carpenters or mechanics.





Edwards “-REO” STEEL Shingles





are Open-Hearth Steel, finest quality. Made

absolutely rustproof by our world—famous

“’I‘ightcote” Process (explained in catalog).

Come in large sheets, 24 inches wide. 5 to 12

feet long. Nothing to do but nail the sheets

on old roof or sheathing. Edwards Patented

Interlocking Device covers all nails. makes

permanent water-tight joints. unaffected by

heat, cold or dampness.





You’ll have the handsomest. most lasting

roof in existence. 100,000 building's now roofed

with “Reo” Steel Shingles. Write for our big,

free Catalog 967. and Factory Prices. Send

dimensions of your building: let us quote price.

delivered to your railroad station. You’ll be

amazed at how cheaply and easily you can

roof your house or barn with “Reo” Steel

Shingles.





The Edwards Mfg. Co., 917-967 Lock st.. Cincinnati, Chis





Maker: or Steel sningiu, v-orlma Roofing. Imitation Brick siding. Etc.





 





. 'PRACTICAIJ SCIENCE.





SEPT. .7, 1912.





i





 





SPECIAL ARTICLES ON MILK.

BY FLOYD W. ROBISON.

City Milk Supply.



The public generally has very little

conception of what a stupendous prob-

lem the supplying of milk to a. city the

size of Detroit is. When we think that

to approximately 100,000 families varying

quntities of milk is delivered every morn--

in, We may readily understand something

of this enormous task.



The supplying of milk is entirely dif-

ferent from the supplying of any other

commodity which is generally used among

the city’s population. Ordinary food

stuffs may be handled without any spe—

cial regard as to temperature or the neces-

sity of immedite delivery. But because

of the very nature of milk, its composi-

tion and the peculiar uses to which it is

put in the home, it is imperative that

great care be thrown around the condi-

tion of its marketing. This means that

from producer to jobber and from jobber

to consumer there may be no unneces-

sary delay.



The City Population is Very Dependent

Upon the Milk Supply.



Another feature of the city’s milk sup~

ply which is different from any other

food product is the fact that upon this

supply most of these families are de-

pending with an unusual interest. Milk

is the exclusive food of many infants in

the city and the failure to respond to

that daily demand presents a condition

whch cannot be endured. When we look

at the problem of the city’s milk supply

from this point of view it seems almost

strange indeed that municipalities do n'o'.

‘take upon themselves the responsibility

of providing a municipal milk supply

which will eliminate the risk that all cit-

ies as a. rule, in this country, do now

tolerate.



Ignoring this point, which is well de-

serving of attention, we may say that the

bulk of official attention‘in the last few

years has been centered on raising the

standard of quality of the milks which

are offered to the consumers in cities.

This condition has not been brought

about through any great foresight or

through any great knowledge of the sub-

ject on the part of the city’s population,

but because of the fact that the question

has been forced upon them and because

the conditions to which milk is subject—

ed in the city are necessarily much less

simple than is the case in the rural com-





 





 





 





 

 

 

 





extra heavy construction throughout.





he SILO FILLEI?





YOU SHOULD BUY---





7 Because it will fill your Silo cheaper, better and

‘(A/ with less labor than any other machine on the market.





THE KALAMAZOO ENSlLAGE CUTTER...





“THE MACHINE 0F EXCLUSIVE FEATURES "

ls controlledby one lever, is simplest in design and_construction (has fewest

parts). and is the most durable, most effective find elaSIest ttIo toptleraae, lequdmgf

less ower. Mounted on heav structural stee true 5, Wit s cc w ees,an o

p y It is the STRONGEST SILO FILLER on

the market. AND-WILL LAST A LIFETIME-«AND MORE.



Three sizes fulfill the requirements of all classes from the small



INDIVIDUAL PARKER to the largest

We have a money-saying pl‘OPOSItIOIl for you an mustang, 390k at gemonstrat,

ing the superiority of the KALAMAZOO ENSILAGE CUTTER. if you Will wnte for it. /‘





KALAMAzoo TANK & sun co. 1.593%..pr .2‘





T





FEEDER or BANCHIAN.

and will forward it. together with





 





munities.





JMilk Sold in Cities Must be a Superior

Product.



\Vhere milk can be taken directly from

the source of supply to the consumer’s

table in a. very short time after the milk

has been produced, the opportunity for

this milk to develop any inferiority which

it may possess is very restricted. There-

fore the farmer may be content for his

own purposes with milk which would be

absolutely unsuitable if transported to the

city. We now know some of the reasons

why this is so. Milk that might pass

muster 0n the farm when one to three or

four hours old may, in that brief period,

exhibit no marked symptoms of inferior—

ity, whereas this same milk if transport-

ed to the city whereby ten to twenty

hours have elapsed, may through the

natural incubation of the organisms pres-

cnt exhibit its inferiority in a very mark—

ed degree. Not only does it exhibit its

inferiority but it is actually less whole—

some than it was when originally pro-

duced. Of course, if this inferiority con—

sists in the presence of dirt and other

visible forms of contamination, these are

probably as marked or nearly so, at first

hand as after the period of rest. “I":

know, however, that the existence of for—

eign matter in milk is accompanied by

the introduction at the same time of var—

ious kinds and species of bacteria whose

end products, or in other words, the

waste products of whose life activities

have been increasing steadily during the

time which has elapsed between the pro—

duction and the marketing and we may

thus readily see that the milk has actu-

ally become greatly deteriorated during

its transportation to the city.



City Milk Supply Has Been Considered a

Local City Problem.



The impetus, then, to the production

of clean city milk has come because of

the demand for a. marketable article

within the city. Strange as it may seem,

while this demand has been known, the

greatest effort within the state has not





 





been put upon the city milk supply. This





undoubtedly is because communities have

had in their ovm hands the problems of

looking after their municipal matters and

the cities have been indeed slow to take

up the problems revolving around their

food and drink supply. \Vhat has been

done, with a. few notable exceptions, has

been done by men who have very little

correct knowledge» of the nature and

properties of milk. and consequently have

been unable to outline any intelligent

plan for its improvement.

What is Good Market Milk?



Good milk for city supply means milk

which is clean and which will remain

under ordinary care, a whole day at least

in the possession of the consumer with-

out becoming sour. To the produccr

there is very little milk which comes un-

der his observation which will not stand

this test but where that milk has been

transported to the city, which practically

requires an extra day, then it becomes

evident at once that to stand the test at

the close of the second day necessitates

a. much better product at. the beginning

than the producer has been in the habit

of delivering. Good milk means a milk

which will not coagulate inside of 25

hours. It means a. milk which has a.

good clean odor and which on finally

curdling gives. a. good clean, firm curd.

Such a. milk should have not more than

50,000 bacteria. per cubic centimeter and

in order to hold this comparatively low

number it must not exceed during the

day a temperature of 50 degrees F.



The Condition Shown by Dairy and Food

Department Studies.



An experimental study of the milk

supply of various cities made by the

Dairy and Food Department, in 1908 and

1909, revealed the fact that practically

no milk at that time sold at retail in the

ciies was satisfactory.‘ From a food

standpoint much of this was of an ex-

ceedingly high quality but in no single

instance when examination was made for

bacteria did "the content fall as low as

50,000 bacteria per cubic centimeter.



During the past year the city of Lan-

sing has been making a. rather exhaust-

ive study of its milk supply and the re—

sults of these investigations have brougnt’

forcibly home to Lansing the fact that

little can be expected in the way of an

improved city milk supply until the de-

partment of inspection is placed in the

hands of men who are selected because

of competency rather than through polit-

ical qualifications. The present city milk

inspector of Lansing is a. man well fit—

ted by training for this position and the

public may well lr'Ok to him to guard

their interests in this matter. A mlk in—

spector should be a capable man and

then besides that he should be a man of

tact. who can secure the co-operation of

dairymen instead Of their antagonism.



(Continued next week).





LABORATORY REPORT.





 





Can you tell me how to keep cider as

you want? Have tried many things and

they do not hold it as I want.



WILDWOOD.



Cider may be kept sweet in either of

two ways. If it is desired to place it in

bottles it may be kept sweet by pas-

teurizing it, or heating it to boiling poinr

and scaling it in exactly the same way

that canned fruit is scaled. If it is int

desirable to put it up in the above man-

ner, it may be kept sweet for a consid-

erable period of time by the introduc—

tion of about 0.2 per cent of bcnzoate of

soda. We cannot, however. refrain from

stating that we do not approve of the.

use of benzoate of soda although its use

is permitted by the rulings of the secre—

tary of agriculture and by the law of the

state of Michigan, provided the fact of

its employment be stated on the label.





In a test of the value of cottonseed

meal as a supplementary feed, with

three lots of four hogs each weighing

about 100 pounds, the average daily gain

per head for 77 days was as follows: On

corn chop and cottonseed meal in the

proportion of 4:1, 1.05 pounds; on the

same feeds in the proportion of 6:1, 1.2

pounds; in the proportion of 8:1, 1.18

pounds.





 





 





Stop My Advertisement.





H. M. Ferry, Detroit, Mich., writes:

”Please cancel our advertisement of H01-

stein stock. Bull calves all sold."





The Michigan Farmer 10 weeks for 10

cents to those not now subscribers. See

page 202 .tor the big premium offer.
'. SEPT; 7. "‘1912‘.""‘ THE 'MICHI‘GAN' FARMBR.





<23) 1954‘ ,





 





MICHIGAN’S GREAT STATE FAIR





 





SEPTEMBER NEXT, imam:





 





II is BoIII Agricultural and Industrial—The Fair of Innovations





50c | WEEK or THE 16th





 





UNTIL THREE YEARS AGO THE MICHIGAN STATE FAIR was operated

much 0n the plan that is followed by other State Fairs in America.



DISPLAY EXHIBITS WERE MADE THEN, BUT NOW the exhibits show the

actual manufacturing of goods, the making of butter and cheese, the build-

ing of good roads and demonstrations that must prove more interesting

than the still exhibits of old. .



MIGHTY LITTLE ATTENTION as compared to its importance even at that

time. But now



THE FAIR IS SO DIFFERENT from all other Fairs that have gone before.

and so different even than last year or the year before



THAT THERE IS LITTLE COMPARISON, for the Michigan State Fair this

year embodies more innovations and features than were ever seen in one

Fair before.



THE PRODUCT OF THE BRAINS OF MEN WITH IDEAS who started out

to give the State of Michigan and of the country a Fair that would startle

the cOuntry.



AND THE MANAGEMENT OF THE MICHIGAN STATE FAIR believes that

'it has provided for the people of Michigan an event that will rank above

any other State Fair in the land. .



NO IDEA THAT WAS WORTH WHILE HAS BEEN OVERLOOKED, and the

result is a. Fair that is educational alike to the country folks as well as

the city folks, and



TO THE YOUNG PEOPLE IN PARTICULAR it is especially interesting from

every standpoint. The family will find the Fair for 1912 -



CLEAN AND INTERESTING IN EVERY WAY and replete with interest in

its every department, including the





MANY NEW AND INTERESTING FEATURES, which include departments of

sterling importance to the people of the entire State.





FTO'R—INSTANCE, TAKE THE BOYS OF OUR STATE, whose interests must

be studied, as it is the boys who will be the men of the future.





THE BOYS' STATE FAIR SCHOOL. IS FOR THE BOYS OF THE ENTIRE

STATE OF MICHIGAN. One boy has been chosen by examination from

each county of the State to attend this school at the Fair without ex-

pense.



THE MINIATURE MODEL FARMS FOR THE CITY BOYS who have been



'farming all summer to bring forth the crops for Fair time will prove

interesting to all. There are thirty boys from the Boy Scouts





AND THE CHILDREN WILL HAVE AN AMUSEMENT ROW that will oc-

cupy the site of the Midway of last year where they will find everything to

interest them.



THE MIDWAY HAS BEEN MOVED TO one corner of the,grounds and

cleansed of all questionable attractions, making it attractive alike to men.

WCmen and children.



THE CHILDREN AND GROWN UPS WILL BE INTERESTED TOO in the

great fireworks display showing the FALL OF OLD MEXICO, the fort of

Chapultepec and Mount of Popocatapel~fireworks that show history,

including also “THE BATTLE Ob‘ THE SKIES."





FOR THE GROWN UPS ALSO there will be the demonstration Dairy Barn,

complete and up—to-date, built right to the minute and showing every-

thing that i- latest in dairy farming,

ever constructed in dairy farming. one of the finest buildings every con—

structed at a State Fair AND JUST



EVERYONE KNOWS OF THE GREAT ROAD BUILDING WORK for that

has been a feature at the Michigan State Fair for two years and will be

continued on a larger scale than ever this year.



BUT FEW KNOW OF THE PROCESS BUILDING in which every exhibit

will be seen in active Operationamanufacturing articles native to Michi-





gan manufacturing.





AND THERE’S ANOTHER' FEATURE—THE NAVY EXHIBIT; for the United

States Government will show everything of‘intercst from the United

States Navy, including models of all



THERE’LL BE AN AUTOMOBILE SHOW OF COURSE, for the automobile

show building will be filled with the very latest in the product of two





score; manufacturers.





THE NIGHT HORSE SHOW IS ALWAYS INTERESTING for the finest

show horses in the world are always seen here.

AND THE GRAND CIRCUIT HORSE RACES ALL THE WEEK have an

entry list that promises a carnival of grand sport and record breaking.

THE AUTOMOBILE RACES WILL BE MORE INTERESTING THIS YEAR

for Louis Disbrow with his 200 horse power special racing car, which

holds all records and which is built in the shape of an inverted boat, will

be seen against records with competitive events for scores of entries.



THERE'LL BE THE EXHIBITS OF FARM PRODUCE AND STOCK and

greater than ever, the entries having broken all records. The finest will

be seen in every agricultural department.



AND,'OH YES! .THERE'S ANOTHER NEW EXHIBIT—THE LAND SHOW

With the exhlblts of the great Chicago Land Show displayed.



BUT THERE’S A WHOLE LOT MORE AND THIS SPACE IS LIMITED, so

the score more good things will have to be seen in September and enjoys-i.



THERE’S A LOT WE WANT YOU TO TELL US and one of these is a reply





to a question we shall ask you: “\Vhat have you obtained for your fifty





cents ?” and again





HAVE WE NOT GIVEN YOU A HALF DOLLAR’S WORTH every possible

way. Providing you have an idea after seeing this year's Fair and will

send it to us We will consider it and adopt it, providing it is a good one.



THIS YEAR’S FAIR IS GOING TO BE THE ONE FAIR IN ALL AMERICA

TO SEE AND YOU WILL NOT WANT TO MISS IT, FOR THERE WILL

BE SO MUCH THAT IS NEW AND

REGRET NOT SEEING EVERYTHI

RIGHT YOU'LL BE DELIGHTFULLY PLEASED.





NOW WE SAY THE MICHIGAN STATE FAIR IS TYPICAL OF MICHIGAN

and where it received last year the endorsement of the President of the

United States owing to its good roads work, the Fair this year will be

endorsed by_ the United States Department of Agriculture because of its

many practical provisions for promoting the cause of better FARMING





AND DAIRYING.





sorts of vessels.





one of the most superb buildings





COMPLETED.





INTERESTING THAT YOU WILL

NG AND IF YOU DO THE FAIR





 





 





Remember the Dates—September 1 6 to 21, Inclusive





And the Price 50c for Adults, 25c for Children, who will, however, have a day for themselves at 10c admission.





 





 





 





 





 





 





NEW CENSUS WALL CHART and

VETERINARY ENCYCLOPEDIA





FREE





to any one sending us a club of six trial sub-

scriptions to the Michigan Farmer. The trial

offer is Ten Weeks for 10 cents. You can

easily get your neighbors who are not taking

The Michigan Farmer now to take it on trial

for 10 weeks for 10 cents. Send the six names

to us with 60 cents and we will send you the





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THE MICHIGAN FARMER. Detroit, Mich.
196 (24)





vv-vvvvrvvv-W





MARKETS ‘





AAAAAALAALAAAJAAAA AAA‘





DETROIT WHOLESALE MARKETS.



September 4, 1912.



Grains and Seeds. _

Wheat—The tone in the wheat deal is

more bearish than a week ago. Farm-

ers have been forwarding wheat to the

elevators in liberal quantities this past

week. These accumulations have made

the bears more daring and they have not

hesitated to allow their supplies to run

low. Frost has held off in northwestern

Canada, thus increasing the assurance

of a large crop from that quarter. This

had a depressing effect upon Liverpool

whcre buying of American wheat has

diminished. This lack of support and the

acct‘mulations are the two most import-

ant factors in depressing the trade. Flour

is still in active demand, but millers are

not taking wheat as readily because of

the stocks alrcady on hand. One year

ago No. 2 red wheat was quoted at 89%c

per bushel. The visible supply increase-.1

nearly one million bushels the past week.

Quotations for the week are as follows:



No. 2 No. 1



Red. \Vhitc. Dec. July.

Thursday ....1.101/2 1001/2 1.1234 1.16111





 





Friday .. ..... 1.10 1.09 1.12 1.15113,

Saturday ””1081, 1.07%. 1111/; 110

Monday .........

'l‘ucsday ..... 1.011;; 1.10% 1.14

\Vednesday “1.073551 . "9..” 1.10% 1.1414

Cornrr-“l‘lnrc is practicalty no change

in this corral. Stocks of old corn have





not varicd to a (il‘Ll'l'tt: that \vould alto-r

prices. The new crop is doing wcll con-

sidcring its chance. but there is the con—

stant probability of carry frosts which

would [ll'tltllll't' u vcry largo pcrccntagc

of Ulllllitl‘ltttdlllle grain. The visible supply

shows a Vcry small incrcasc. (me your

ago No. 2’. corn was quotcd at 6015:,c per

bu. Quotations are as tollows;





No. 3 No. 3



Corn. Yellow.

Th 11 rsda y ................. 8 l 84

Friday .................... $1 84

Saturday ................. 81 84

Monday .................. .. .. ’

’.l‘u<*sd:iy ...... . ........... $1 821,:

\Vcdncsday ............... 81 8.11,;





Oatsp Out value-s are alrout‘ steady with

a wcck ago. \\'liile offeringfasuic libcral,

thc quality of the grain aVcragcs much

bclow normal and it is with dltliculty

that. the demand for the higher gradcs

is tilled. (me year ago standard oats

were quoted at 51c per bu. The visible

supply incrcascd a million bushels. Quo-

tations for the week are;



Standard. Oct



. 3





Thursda ............ . . . . 371/;

.ll‘riday y ................... 38 3314,;

Saturday . . . .............. 38 311/2

Monday ......... .. ........ .. {.1‘ .

'l‘ucsd'ty .................. 371,113 .1 1_

Wednesday 331/4 36





Beans—«Tho nominal priccs published

by the board here iemain the same as

one “1ch ago, except that cash beans

are 2c higher. Ne.Ws from the bean fields

of this state and else-whcrc declare that

much damage has alrcady lltt'll done this

\‘cai"s crop. Too much moisture has dc,—

bti'tlycd the vines in many instances. To

what cxtcnt this damagc rcaclrcs caitiiot

at prcsciit be predicted. Nominal quo—

tations are as follows:





Cash Oct.

'l‘liursday ........ . . $2.70 $2.110

l“I‘it’ltl y ..................... 2.70 2.320

Saturday ............. . . . .. 2.70 2.30

Monday ............. . ......

‘l‘ucsduy .................... 2.70 2.30

'\\'cdncsday ................. 2.70 2.30





Clover Seed.fillcltct‘ offers are being

made for clover st'tul» than previously.

(.‘ontinucd Wct weather has bccn (lClZ‘l—

incntal lo the production of sccd and

the probable shoriagc is causing anxicty

among dcalc-z's. Following are the quo-

iatioiis:





Oct. Alsike.

’l‘hui'sdoy ................ $10.75 $51 l .73

Friday ................... 10.75 11.73

Saturday ................. 10 60 11.75

Monday ..................

'l‘llcsdiiy ................ 10.75 12.00

\\'cdncsday .............. 11 23 12.00





Rye.~ This cci‘cal is inactiyc and the

price remaiis at 71c for No. 2 rye.



Timonhy Seeds Offerings of timothy

sccd arc mt'i'e libc'ral than usual and a

further dccliitc of 15c is noted in the

price fnx‘ prime spot, which is now $2.35

per bushel.



Flow, Feed. Potatoes, Etc.



Flourr—l’rices unchangcd. Market is



a t 1ch. ~





Straight ............. . ..... ..........$5.60

l’atcnt Michigan .................... 5.85

t‘lt-ar ............................... . 5.00

liyc .................................. 5.00





Feedswliran, cracked corn and coarse

corn meal are highcr, whilc coarse mid-

dlincs arc down. Carlot prices on track

arc: ban. $28 pcr ton; coarsc middlings.

$26; tinc middlings. $31; cracked corn and

coarse corn meal, $31; corn and out chop,

$31 per ton.



Hay and $traw.—»Z\Izii.rkct rules stcady.

Quotations arc for new hay. They are:

No. 1 timothy, $170118: No. 2 timothy,

816011650; clover, mixed. 3114500017;

rye straw, $00110; wheat and oat straw,

38.500119 per ton. \



PotatoesreMichigan tube-rs continue to

mOVc in incrcased volume but the wide

demand is maintaining former quotations.

They are selling at 75fi85c per bu. The

ruling price for southern offerings is

$2.50 per sack.



Provisions.—~Family pork, $220023; mess

pork, $19.50; clear, backs, $21@22; hams,

151/é@161/éc; briskets, 121/2@131/2c; shoul—

ders, 13c; picnic hams, 13c; bacon, 1601)

18C; pure lard in tie-rces, 12%c; kettle

rendered lard, 13c per lb. .,



Dairy and POuItry Products.



Button-This product is firm. While





THE 'MICHIGAN FARMER.





good pastures have given a heavy flow

of milk which yielded a large amount of

butter, still the demand has been unus-

uah‘probably because of the high price

of other food stuffs, and kept quotations

slightly higher than usual. Storage peo-

ple are taking advantage of the present

situation, although many declare the

price too high to encourage packing the

product. Quotations: Extra creamery,

26c; first creamery, 25c; dairy, 210; pack-

ing stock, 190 per lb.



Eggs.-This market has improved for

the seller. The output is shrinking while

the demand continues steady. The qual-

ity of the offerings has been slightly

impaired by recent weather conditions.

Current receipts, candled, cases included,

aie quoted at 230 per dozen, a cent ad—

vancc over last week’s price.



Poul‘try.——This market is firm with

prices for hens a full cent higher than

a week ago. An increase in offerings is

noted at nearly all leading markets, but

this increase is bcing met by improve—

ments in the demand. Quotations are:

Broilcrs, 1601117c per lb.; helns, 141/20115c;

No. 2 hens, 901100; old roosters, 90110c;

turkeys, 1507116c; geese, 10@11c; ducks,

14c; young ducks, 1501*16c per lb.



Veal.-»—All grades steady. Fancy, 131/2

01714c per lb; choice, 9017106.



Cheese.-Market stcady. Michigan flats

160117c; York state flats, 1700180; lim-

burger, 170019c; domertie Swiss, 2201230;

brick cream, 171/300181‘.



Fruits and Vegetables.



Peaches—mnffercd more freely. Fancy

'l-llbertas, $2.271; AA, $2; A, $1.75; B,‘$1.25

per bi slit-l.



Pears.—~~Bartletts are quoted at $5015.50

per 111)].



Plums—Higher. 'l‘tJr bushel, .E' .5001)

1.7.1.



Huckleberries.—Scll;ng at $3013.50 per

bushcl.



Apples—New applcs are quoted at $2.25

01:: for fam y, and 51.25012 for common:

pvor, $1001.25 per bbl. Good apples by

the bushel are selling at 50017130



Honey.~Choice to fancy comb, 15@160

pct“ 1b; amber, 1201131'.



Tomatoes—Per bushel, 75c.



OTHER MARKETS.

Grand Rapids.



Tuesday morning's market was his”.

with 4.30 loads of produce offered. Close

to 1.000 bushels o." potatoes were in sight,

pritts ranging from 5001;55c. Othcr yog-

ctablcs Wcro as follows: Celery, 15c; tur-

nips and carrots, 50c; beets, 70c; cu—

cumbcrs, 75c; corn. 100171513; white cab-

bage, 23c; red cabbage, 400; cauliflower,

$150 pcr bu; watcrmelons, 2000250; musk~

melons, $1.75 per bu; tomatoes, 50c. On

1111» fruit side of the market apples were

in biggest supply, selling at 500750. Only

75 bushels of peaches were in sight, the

price ranging from $1002.25. Pears

brought $1011.25; plums, $1001.50; grapes,

200. per basket. The egg market is firm

at 200021c; butter unchanged. Hay is

selling at $120015.





Chicago.



'\\’hcat.——No. 2 red, $1.02@1.041/é; Sept,

01?}..c; 11cc, 92c.



Corn—No. 117801178140; Sept, 72531gc;

Dec, 5431c.



()ats.~ _\'o. 2 white, 321/20133l/gc; Sept.,

310141 .llOtn, 321/10.



ButtcrmSupplies of creamcry well

clcanwu up and the market is firm at an

advance of 1c over last week. iliaii'y

stock unchanged. Quotations: Cream-

crics, 231150123611 dairies. 2101:23c.



141 rgs."."tlai‘ke‘. very steady with prices

showing an upward tendcncy. Quota-

tions art: Firsts, 20c; ordinary firsts,

18c; at mark, cascs includcd, 17%;0‘01Siéc;

1.cr dozcn.



l'ctatocs.~Offerings continue ample

and prices are- unchanged from last week's

i’Hth’ range. Michigan stock quotcd at

500155c; Minncsota, 4501.50c; '\Visconsin,

4301,3515.



llcans.—~i\1arkct inactive; quotations

lill‘th‘ly nominal and unchangcd. l’ea

beans, choicc, hand—picked, $2.85012'88 per

bu; primc, $2.73; rcd kidneys. $2.5001,2.60.



Hay and Stra\\'.~~-l‘riccs unchanged from

a week ago; trade steady. New timothy

selling about $4 per ton lower than old hay.

Quotations: Timothy, choice, $210122;No.

1. $190120; No. 2 l'Hd N0. 1 mixed, $1601)

18; clchr, $701.10: No. 2 and no grade,

$5017; alfalfa, choice. 51118011850; No. 1

11417001750, No, 2, 140115. Straw—~11yo,

$9.50@10; wheat, $650017; oat, $7107.50.





New York.





Button—Market firm at an advance of

11,.3c on thc bcttcr grades of crcainery

biz—tier. Quotations: Creamery. special

cxltl‘as, 2715,0128c; do., firsts, 26%0127c.

do., scconds, 2.70126c; factory (10., June

make. firsts, 221,50.



Eggs—All offerings meeting a good do-

inand at priccs gentrrally 1/2c abch last

week’s figures. Pic-sh gathered cxt‘ras,

251/20112GI/Qc; extra firsts, 231/200241/gc; firsts

2200230 per dozen.



l'oultry.—Jirossetl~~~-Broile-rs are again

lower but fowls have rcg'iined last week’s

loss. Market weak. Fresh killed west-

crn broilers, 14012317; fowls, 14%0017C;

turkeys, 1601170 per lb.



Boston.



WOOL—’l‘here is unusual firmness in

the wool trade. All the dealers are busy.

During the past week over 13,000,000 lbs.

changed hands on this market. This was

nearly double the transactions for the

corresponding week in 1911. There is a

tendency on the part of dealers to hold

back their fleeces, some firms having al—

ready disposed of about all the good

grades they possess. Territory wools oc-

cupy the center of interest. Fine un-

washed delaines are held at 34@35c.





Elnln.

Rotten—Market is firm at 250 per 1b.,

which is the quotation for the past sev-

eral weeks.





THE LIVE STOCK MARKETS.

Buffalo.

September “2, 1912.

(Special Report of Dunning & Stevens,

New York Central Stock Yards,

East Buffalo, New York).



Receipts of stock here today as fol-

lows: Cattle, 150 cars; hogs, 70 double-

decks; shecp and lambs, 70 double decks;

calves, 1.000 head.



ii’ith 150 cars of cattle on our market

here today, and 17,000 reported in Chi-

cago, all the bcst grades of cattle sold

from 100015c per cwt. higher than last

week. The market closed strong and

everything was sold.



Best 1,350 to 1,500-lb. steers, $9609.70;

good prime 1,200 to 1,300-lb. steers, $8.50

0118.75; do. 1,100 to 1,200—lb. do. $82500

8.50: medittm butcher steers, 1,000 to

1.100, $7007.50; butcher steers, 950 101,000

$6.50@7; light butcher steers. $575006;

bcst fat cows, $550016; good to best (10..

$»l.5C-0125.50; fair to good (10., $40,174.25;

common to fair do, $3 250173.75; trimmers

$3703.25; best fut heifers, $6.75007.50;

good to prime. heifers, $6.50007; fair to

good (10., $5005.25; light butcher heifers,

$4.5!20D5; stock heifers, $4004.25; best feed—

ing steers, dehorned. $5.50005.75; common

feeding steers, $475005; stocke-rs, inferior,

31425012450; prime export bulls, $5.750?

6; best butcher bulls, 95525011550; bologna

bulls, $4014.50; stock bulls, iii-“3.7500425;

best milkers and springers, $600070; com—

mon kind (10., $350045.



'lcccipts of hogs today light, demand

good, and the general market 501:10c

higher; several decks of extreme hcavies

sold at $9019.15, with the general sales

of light mediums and mixed at $0.250!)

51.35; a few decks of fancy at $9.40.

Yorke-rs, as to quality, sold from $112500

:1 40', pigs and lights, $9019.15; roughs,

$750018; st’ags, $6.50017.25. Markct closed

stcady: outlook appears fairly good for

thc balancc of the week.



The lamb market was active today.

with priccs about the same as the close

of last neck; most; of the choice. lambs

sclling for 7c: yearlings. $5015.50. The

Silt'bp markct was active on the handy

“rights. but dull on the heavy kind.

Look for a little improvement in lambs

and about steady prices on sheep the

balance of the week.



\\'1- quotc: Choice lambs. $000017: Hill

to fair do, $5.50006.50; yearlings, $5015.50:

bucks, $250015}; wethers, $475015; handy

cwcs, $4014.25; lit‘nvy ewes. $3.:i501350;

cull slwcp, $20112; vcals, choice to extra,

“10111.50; fair to good, 111750011050;

hcavy calves, $150006.



Chicago.

September 2, 1912.



Ticclining values for all excepting prime

bccf stccrs is the logical sequence of an

overloaded bcc-f market—a market bur—

dened with beef, cost of which is beyond

the consumer’s purchasing power. This

situation was plainly shown last week,

when despite supplies running a few

thousand below the previous week, values

declined 1501400 and were down 75m?!)

$1.25 for common to good grades as com—

pared with the high point in mid—August.

Thc prime grades did new price-climbing

:tunts, howcvcr. one drove of 32 head of

1506—11). lllinois-fcd beeves selling at

$10 65, but there were smaller supplies of

the choice gradcs on offer than in many

wccks past. This was an indication that

prime bccvos are- running much shorter

than tlic trade had lookcd for and that

Scptcnibcr n'iarkctings of choice to prime

grades will fall considerably bclow those

of August. Thus, whilc it is a. down-go--

ing markct for the common, plain and

mtdiuni to good steers which come in

competition with wr-stcrn rangers, there

is ('X])(‘t'l(‘ti to bc still higher rates ma.-

l'erialized for the prime becves. Eleven

dollar cattle arc looktd for before Sep-

tember closcs, but materialization of this

price will depend solely upon the main—

tenance of a keen and discriminating

hotel demand for fancy becf cuts re-

gardless of cost. llulk of fair to good

beef stccrs have sold of late at $825011

0 50, showing 5000600 decline from top

point for the bettcr kinds. while the big—

gest share of $8018.50 cattle were down

$1. Grassers at $7017.75 :irc, still claimed

by killcrs to be costing higher in the beef

than go the range steers. Marketings

from the ranges are liberal now and

choice western steers hcld well up to the

season's up levels. Two loads 0!“ Mon-

tana rangers went last week at $9.50, a

rccord price. Bulk of range bceves are

scllii‘g at $7008.25 and feeders at $6010.50.

.lutchcr stock from native pastures has

sold sharply lower, declines of 25c last

week being added to 50@60c cuts the pre—

vious week and a 5001185c lowcr market

is now shown compared with top this

season. 1’rime heifers are the only kinds

cscaping this big cut. Latter have still

made $9 and higher but sales' were rare-

l.V aboVe $8. Fat heifers sold at $63000

775 and grass-fed, plain to good stock

at $5006.25. Cows of mod to choice grade

made )3 100.177, and prime sold up to $8

with the grass-fed beef cows at $1.40?)

5.25. Cutters and canncrs get better de-

mand from packers than do the good beef

cows. a fair to good cutter class selling

at $385004 20 and most canners at $301)

335. Bulls are bringing high prices. re—

cent sales being at $5006.50 for butchers

and bolognas made 3542500485. Record

trices for calves prevailed last week, '1

rrime kind makingr $11.50 and good to

choice $10.50i011.25, while only plain big

calves Sold- below $6.50 with a good kind

at $7.008. These prices are due to scarcity

of supply and are susceptible to terrific

decline upon resumption of liberal mar-

ketings. It is a favorable time for feed-

er cattle buying, declines of 250040c be-

ing forced for some liberal supplies last

week and 50@75c cuts were shown com-

pared with high time two weeks ago.

Still the choice heavy feeder steers are

on a high basis, these costing $6.75@7.25

while fair to good 700 to 900-113. steers

have sold of late at $5.85@6.60, with a

plain light sort at $5.25@5.50. High~class

yearlings stock steers went at $5.75@6,





SEPT. 7, 1912.





C





a fair to good sort at $5.15@5.65 and

common stock steers and heifers down

to $4.50.



Hog trade is on the highest basis since

October, 1910, and the ii'idicatiOns favor





continued strength in values. Nine dol-





lars was paid last week and in subse—

(luent days values have held close up to

the level. Shortage in the movement,

as indicated by a crop, of less than 105,-

000 at Chicago last week and only 225,-

000 at six markets in the same period, is

the chief bullish factor. There is excep-

tionally gcod fresh meats demand and

the packers are finding a good foreign

outlet for lard, two factors which induce

them to buy freely at current rates, al-

though there is expectancy of strong op-

position to a rising market later this

season. The bear in the hog trade has

-had his day, however. Supplies are run—

ring short of consumptive needs and the

opinion prevails that hogs are due to go

to a $10 top before the fall season is at

an end. The pig crop shortage, it is

claimed, will run 25 per cent this fall,

and this indicates a comparatively small

winter supply of matured hogs. Light

hogs are the premium getters, these hav—

ing sold at $9 this week while next high-

cst killers were the butchers, but heavy

shipping went only 15c below the top

price of $9. A spread of $8008.60 has

taken most of the heavy packers and

mixed kinds with the fair to good butch—

(yrs making $8.70@8.90 and bulk of se-

lcctcd light bacon and butcher grades

made $8.750l'8.95.



1n sheep and lamb trade alone is the

packer control ably shown. Here the

supplics are running full up to demand

icquircmcnts and while sheep sold 2501)

35c higher last week there was a Weaker

trend of values for lambs, the latter scll—

ing lowcr most of the week though some

little i'ecovcry was made before the fin—

ish. Still both shecp and lambs are sell—

ing relatively low as compared with cat—

tlc and hogs and traders declare there

should be some readjustment of values

in the ovinc markct. liig receipts from

the west, however, and some generous

southern supplies as well as bearish fac-

tors, and until the range crop is well in

the markct cannot be expected to go

matcrially higher. There is good demand

for t'ccdiog sheep and lambs and not

many of these kinds on offer, because of

the cxccllent mutton producing capacity

of tango grass this season. A top of

$4.40 has becn paid fer range wcthers of

late and natchs went at $4 with a-plain

kind at $3.750'03.90. while yearlings sold at

$1 .540. Range and native ewes went

at 51431501410 and feeding yearlings at

34.5001530. Choice to prime native lambs

have sold at $675007 and rangers up to

$7.10. Common and plain natives for

slaughter made $5006.25 and culls sold

down to $4.50. Range feeding lambs have

made $5.7501:6.40.



Horse market is strong and high for

tho good to choice drafters selling at

3275011325 but there is the usual late

summer dullness for all plain and medi-

um qualily kinds. Little country call

for work horses is being shown and the

city demand for general purpose animals

remains quiet although the liberal re—

ceipts are finding outlet at steady rates

compared with a short time ago. Most

fair to good work horses are bringing

3115001225 and a high-grade of feeders are

selling at $250, with light feeders around

5517501200.



The Chicago Live Stock Exchange last

Thursday votcd down by 265 to 167 a

propositiLn to amend the commission rule

which provided for a 20 to 50 per cent

increase in selling charges for various

classes of live stock. By the negative

vote the commissions in force for years

past will Stand.





LIVE STOCK NOTES.





 





Another factor in the decline for feed-

ing stuff has been a sharp break in the

market for medium and plain beef steers,

these kinds now being doWn 75c@$1 from

the high point, but a short fall crop of

range cattle should forco them back to

higher rates. \Vith the feeder cattle the

situation is diffcient. It will require a

big corn crop and a broad demand from

the east to effect a material rise in val-

ues since many of the. corn belt feeders

are resolving to let the stuff alone unless

they can buy well—bred steers close down

to $6. Thc distillery feeders, however,

are not shying at high prices for well-

bred range- stecrs, they having bought a

lot of these grades recently at a cost of

$6.35006.65.



Cholera is having a severe effect on

the porcine crop in many sections of the

corn belt. For weeks past there have

been many consignments of little pigs

arriving in the Chicago market from sec—

tions which have becn hit by cholera or

adjacent to territory where the disease

has already left its mark. Thousands of

underweight pigs have come to market

from Iowa, Missouri and Illinois and ev-

ery sick pig coming now means one less

matured hog for the late winter market.

This in itself is no small bullish argu-

ment made us of by those traders who

see in the dim' future a recurrence of the

$00110 markets of two years ago.



COm‘ad Kohrs, president of the Pioneer

Cattle Company, of Montana, last Mon-

day celebrated his 50th anniversary as a

Montana rangcman and on ’the same day

he sold in the Chicago market a carload

of native-bred Montana steers averag-

ing over 1,400 lbs. at $9.50 per cwt. This

established a new record price for range

beeves, full $2.60 higher than the record

of last year. while 450 higher than pre-

vious banner prices this year. Mr. Kohrs,

in his career as a rangeman, has market-

ed clase to 250.000 head of cattle at prices

ranging all the way down to $3.50 per

cwt. and within the past ten years has

sold many thousands below $5. The dif-

ference in price may well be taken to in-

dicate the marked effect that shortage

of range supplies is having upon the

market.





 





 





.‘o.





.._.»r





‘,‘._-
"‘ ‘1"+v» Mag-.4 ~«Hru 2,, -





 





.~.~—. .2... “—1: m.‘ _





SEPT. 7, 1312.





THIS Is THE LAST EDITION.

In the 11m edition the Detroit Live





 





:stock markets are reports of last week;





all other markets are right up to date.

Thursday’s Detroit Live Stock markets

ace given in the last edition. The first

edition is mailed Thursday, the last edi-

tion Friday morning. The first edition is

mailed to those who care more to get the

paper early than they do for Thursday's

Detroit Live Stock market report. You

may have any edition desired. Subscrib-

ers may change from one edition to an-

other by dropping us a card to that enact.





DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





Thursday’s Market

September 5,1912.

Cattle.



Receipts, 1.776. Bulls 15@25c lower;

others grades steady.



\Ye quote: thra dry-fed steers, $8@

9; steers and heifers, 1,000 to 1,200, $661)

7.25; do. 800 to 1,000, $5@6; grass steers

and heifers that are fat, 800 to 1,000.

$4.75@5.50; do. 500 to 700, $4.25@4.75;

choice fat cows, $5.25@5.75; good d0.,

$4.50@5; common cows, $3.25@3.75; can—

ners, $2@3.25; choice heavy bulls, $54416;

fair to good bolognas, bulls, $4.25@4.50;

stock bulls, $3 2) 4.25; choice feeding

steers, 800 to 1,000, $5 25765.75; fair do.,

800 to 1,000, $4.50@5; choice stockers,

500 to 700, $4.756; 5; fair stockers, 500 to

700. $4614.50; stock heifers, $3.50@4.25;

milkers, large, young, medium age, $40

@60; common mlkers, $2574.35.



Roe Com. C0. sold Hammond, S. & Co.

3 bulls av 877 at $4.15, 3 do av 826 at

64.25, 4 butchers av 675 at $4, 2 do av

965 at $4.25, 2 cows av 850 at $2.50; to

Newton B, Co. 2 do av 845 at $3.25; to

Sullivan P. Co. 8 butchers av 656 at

$4.25; to Mich. B. Co. 4 do av 800 at $5,

1 heifer weighing; 790 at $4, 2 steers av

925 at $4; to Frisbie 5 stockcrs av 440 at

$4.50, 4 do av 530 at $13, 10 do av 502 at

$4.25; to Tb .eien 1?. (10 av 740 at $5; to

\‘Vilkins 9 do av 473 at $4.25; to VVyness





 





7 do av 511 at $4, 1 do weighing 583 at

$350,113 cows av 8:34 at $2.50, 5 do av

840 at $3.23,1 steer weighing 5'.0 at $4.





1.1 stockers av 450 at $4, 8 do av 506 at

53.7.3.1 (UVV weighing 900 at 53.7.0.1 do

weighing 860 at $3, 5 (11) 11v 890 at $11 50;

to li‘risbic 12 smokers av 500 at $4.40; to





Thompson Bros. 5 cows av 824 at $3.25,

4 do av 960 at $4. 25; to Hatikou'sky 2 do

av 860 at $4.25; to Newton B. Co. 13





butchers av 670 at $4.65, 18 do av 647 at

$4.65, 5 do 11v 604 at $4.35. ,

Bishop, B 6'2 H. sold Newton B. Co

10 cows av 894 at $3.50, 2 butchers av

1.050 at $4 25. 2 cowo- av 84.3 at $323, 3

heifers av 670 at $4. 30 2 canners 11v 8‘5

at $5. 25. 2 cows av 910 at $3 .50, 4 do av

1,185 tit $5.50, 3 do av 963 aL $31.25,‘9

butchers av 740 at $5, 5 do av 780 at .55.

1' dc weighing 1,000 at $4; to Parker, "W.





& Co. 3 cows 21v 1,163 at $5.50, 2 do av

1,000 at $4. 2.3; to Morgan 9 stockers av

625 at’ $5 '10 5 feeders av 744 at $5 .50;





to Bresnahan 14 butchers av 440 at $3. 75;

to Breilcnheck. 19 (11. av 844 at 5.. 60 ‘3

do av 820 at $4.50; to Sullivan 1’. Co. 1.3

do av 730 at $4.50, 2 cows av 720 at $4.

4 do av 962 at $4. 50 5 heifers 11v 634 at

$4. 50, 6 cows av 913 at $4, 6 steers av 873’.

at $5. 50; to Ncwberry 6 stockeis av 600

at $4. 75; to Chase 12 stockers av 477 at

$4.2 ‘5 3 do av 466 at $4 2.3. 9 do 11v 491 at

$4.25, 9 do av 451 at $4.15; to Paiker, \\

& Co. 34 butchers av 660 at $4 70 3 cows

av 893 at $4; to Mich. B. Co. 12 butch 1“.)

av 830 at $5 25; to Regan 5 do av 586 at

£3.75: to Shophel 5 bulls av 490 at $3.75.



Haley & M. sold Newton B. Com 3

butcheis av 700 at $5, 3 do av 710 at 3‘4,

12 do av 732 at $4. 85 S. cows av 920 at

$4 6 do av 888 at $3.5 to Brcitenbccl;

11 bu‘cheis av 765 at $0;.4 8.3; to liammau

11 do av 508 at $4, 12 (10 av 67?. at $5. 2





do av 700 at $4; to Thelen 7 feeders av

703 at $5, 7 blockers av 560 at $5; to

'laugh 28 do av 611 at $5; to .la(kson 6





(l0 21V .12] at $4115, 10 (lo av 417 {11’ $42),

in lViorg.1_n 12 do av 61.5 at $5, 7 feeders av

711 at $71.15: to 'l‘helen 4 stockers av 67.3

at $5; to Frisbie 7 stockeis av 492 at

*4 .10 to Brcsuahan 16 butchers av 534

at $410; to Sullivan 1’. Co 1 cow Weigh-

ing 1000 at $4. 5,0 7 do av 960 at $4. 50, 2

do av 1,070 at $3, 2 do av 890 at: $3. 25, I;

butchers av 647 at $3. 7.5 6 do av 53.“: at

$4 20; to Hammond. S‘. & Co. 2 bulls av

1.215 at $4. 65 1 do weighing 1,820 at

$4.80, to Kamman B CO. 3 cons av 89‘}

at $4, 11 butchers av 77] at $1." 1.3; to Sul-

livan 1’. Co 2 0011's av 820 at $4, 2 oxen

11v 1, 410 at $5.50, 2 cows av 1 100 at $3: 30,

11 do av 1, 009 at $4. 25; to Goose 7 butch-

ers av 460 at $3.80; to Regan 16 do av

514 at $4. 35; to Bresnahan 2 cows av 890

at $3.25; to Rattkowsky 5 do av 1018 at

$4. 35 7 butcheis av 453 at $4.



D()'“1nirg sold Thompson 11 covxs av

983 at $4.1 bull weighing 1030 at $4



Allington sold Breitenbeck 5 cows av

900 at $4. 20



Same sold Applebaum 9 butchers av

520 at $3.9



Kalaher sold Mich B. Co 11 butchers

av 944 at $4. 50, 1 heifer weighinig 1,030

at $7. 50.



Sandal] sold same 4 butchers av 840 at

$4. 75, 7 steers av 1,000 at $6. 50.





Veal Calves.





Receipts, 588. Good grades steady to

50c higher; common 50@75c lower than

last week Zest, $10@11; common, $4@

7.50.





sold Sullivan P. Co 4

$10 .50, 2 do av 13.3

at $8; to Thompson Bros. 1 do weighing

120 :11 $10; to 1’. urnstinc 2 do av 240 at

$6. 4 do av 155 at $10 50, 1 do weighing

200 at $10 50,13 do av 160 at $10: to Geese

15 do av 225 at $5.16 do av 180 at $5;

Sullivan P Co. 4 do av 155 at $7. 50, 9

do av 150 at $9. 50.

- Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts, 4,205. Good grades steady;

all others 250 lower. Bast lambs $6@

6 50; fair to good lambs, $5@5. 75: light to





Roe Com. Co.

calves av 155 at





common lambs, $3. 75@4. 75; yearlings

$4.50@5; fair to good sheep, $3@3. 50

$1.75@2.75.





culls and common,





Bishop, B. sold Sullivan P. Co.





 





 





THE liviicfiitjAN- FARMBR;





34 lambs av 62 at $5.50, 11 do av 60 at

55.50, 7 sheep av 97 at $1.75, 5 lambs av

50 at $4.50, 34 do av 53 at $5, 47 do av

73 at $6, 34' sheep av 110 at $3.60, 12 do

av 70 at $3.50, 11 lambs av 67 at $6.50, 19

yearlings av 70 at $4.50, 10 do av 94 at

$4; to NewtonB. Co. 88 lambs av ‘70 at

$6-25, 65 do av 65 at $6.50, 20 sheep av

105 at $3.60, 43 lambs av 73 at $6.50, 19

do av 60 at $6.25; to Thompson Bros. 12

sheep av 105 at $3, 27 do av 110 at $3.50,

10 do av 107'at $3; to Nagle 1". Co. 114

lambs av 65 at 86.15;..to, Miller 48 do av

55 at $5.25, 18 do av 50 at $5.50; to Brew—





"er 49 do av 72 at $6.25; to Miller 45 do





av 50 at $5.25; to Burt 207 do av 68 at

$6. 17 sheep av 100 at $3.50; to Fitzpat-

rick Bros. 109 sheep av 100 at $3.25, 10

lambs av 68 at $6, 43 do av 65 at $6, 10

sheep av 112 at $3.25, 56 do av 66 at

$6 25, 4O lambs av 80 at $6; to Hammond,

S- & Co. 10 sheep av 89 at $2.75, 18 do

av 100 at $3.50;





at $5.50; to Nagle P. Co. 60 do av 65 at,





$6.50; to Sullivan 1’. Co. 62 do av 68 at $6.



Spicer & R sold Thompson Bros. 20

lambs av 54 at $5, 13 do av 65 at $6, 11

sheep av 95 at $3.50; to Sullivan P. Co.

10 do av 1.07 at $3.50, 2 lambs av 80 at

$6. 6 sheep av 70 at $2, 61 do av 82 at

$3 75; to Breitenbeck 28 lambs av 65 at

$6.25; to Sullivan 1’. Co. 78 do av 67 at

$6; to Newton B. Co. 17 yoarlings av 85

at $4.75;



Haley & M. sold Wright 33 lambs av 80

at $6.30, 24 do av 75 at $6. 30. 60 do av 67

at $6.30, 115 do av 7. at $62 2.5; to Newton

B. Co. 8 sheep av 90 at $325,100 lambs

av 62 at: $6.40.



Roe Chm. Co sold Barlage 29 lambs av

45 at $5, 26 do av 75 at $6, 4 yearlings

av 80 at $4 50; 10 Sullivan P. Co. 9 lambs

av 80 at $6.50.





Hogs.

Market steady to 50





Receipts. 2,447.

lower than last week.

Range of prices: Light to good butch-





ers. $8.80(CL8.90; pigs, $8@8.25; light york-

ers, $8.Sl)((1}8.90; slugs one—third on“.



ltoe Com. Co. sold Sullivan P. Co. 240

av 200 at $8 80, 43} av 190 at $8.90.



Bishop. B & ll. sold Parker, W. & C0.

440 av 200 at $8.85, 710 av 175 at $8.80,

507 av 160 at. $8.75, 360 av 1.30 .11 $6.60,

100 av 1510 at $8.50.



Spicor & R. sold Hammond, S. & (Yo

180 av 190 111, $8.85, 110 av 180 at $8.80

80 av 166 at $8.65.



lil‘aley & M. sold same, 165

$8.85, 98 av 160 at $8.80, 47





$8.75.





HOLSTEIN BREEDERS MEET.





av 175 at

av 150 at





011 invitation of Mr. and Mrs. Fr'ed R.

Mclhmcl, the Centrul Michigan) Holstein

ilre'eders’ Association will hold their an-





nual basket picnic at the McDonel farm.

\Vednesday. Sept. 11. All are welcome.

The McDoncl farm is plertsantly located

on the north bank of Grand 'iivcr four





miles west of Lansing and one and one~ '





half miles east of Delta station. Come

.nd enjoy a good visit and a picnic

(l‘nner.





Drain Your Land

ford cents a Bad





guarantee thishor

ower Cyclone Tile Ditching

fin chine cuts tile dltch,10 1n-

ches wide,2 24 inches clean, at

rate of 300 rods a day. Finished

ditch cut, tile laid and covered, for ,

3 01'4 cents a rod in average soil.

Read out free bookgivinginformation

from U. S. G0vt. authorities on Drainage





Cyclone Tile Ditching Machine





pays for itself in first 20 to 40 acres you

drain. according to spacing oflaterals.

Increased crops all profit. Make hun-

dreds of dollars on yourown ditching,

and cutting ditches for neighbors.

Anyone who can plow can oper-

erate successfully. Write for free

book showiuia'ln‘be Money Making Way

of Draining

Ito lanai-during Co.

Bullevue, Ohio





 





 





1

Box In





 





 





BLE bodied men wanted for the U. 8. Marine.



(lorps,hotv1een the ages of and 35.1114 be

native born or have first tapers. Monthl} pa) 151.5 to

$69. Additional compensation possible. Food, (lothing,

quarters and medical attendance free. A fterI'Kl leurs

service can retire with 75 per cent. of pa) and allow-

1111088 Service on board ship and ashore in all parts

of the world Apply at U. S. 50Murine Corps Recruit

ing Ofloe, 161 Grlswold St, 50Monroe Ave... 52 “ood-

wurd Ave.,143 Gratiot Ave, Detroit, Mich: Hamilton

National Bank Buildin corner Calhoun & Main

St. 12.5. Fort. W.nyne Ind.- 1&M Monroe Ave, ,, N.W. Grand

Rapids, Mich; Post tblfioe Lansing, Mic.;h Corner

Superior .1 Adams 863 , 701 Summits oledn, Ohio;

509 Phoenix Block, Bay City. Mich; "'2 E. Main 81'...

Battle Creek, Mich.; Post. Ofioe. Manistee, Mich.





. I0 DAYS FREE TRIAL





We ship an approval without a cent





" '01)“! paid. DON

' PAY Argh NT If you are not satisfied

' as: using the bicycle 10 days.





(4 . no 11111 11117315192112:





you receive our latest





 

 

 

 





art on o lllustratin every kind of

bicycle. and banal our unheard

marvelous new ofl'ers.





:loui cEITm Is all alt will “1:353:43





thing will be sent you tetree postp aid by

”—4 return mail. You will get much valuable

information. Do not In“, write it now.

Coaster- Brake rear

mumps sundrlcl at WM prices.





uncommon. can. “Foam





 





to Hayes 22 lambs av 58,





to Hayes 2o lambs av 53 at $5. '





 





 





 





 





 





 





oil"

.Ig '





 





 





ms is the time of year to give your stable, hen house

and corn crib a good double coat of

Sherwin-Williams Creosote Paint





It will not only prevent wood decay

through the damp winter months, but it

will also have a distinctly sanitary effect.

And there is no question of the fact that

a sanitary paint is advisable in build-

ings where horses, stock or poultry are

kept, as well as in corn cribs and other

storage structures.



Sherwin— Williams Cxcosote paint is

made in nmcteen good colors. It

spreads freely, wears well, and is





 





medium priced. This paint is but one of

the many Sherwin—Williams Paints and

Varnishes put up for every conceivable

decorative and protective use on the farm.



You will be interested in our booklet





“Paints and Varnishes for the Farm”





It tells just what you want to know

about farm painting, treating the subject

particularly from the standpoint of econ-

omy. The booklet Is free for the asking.





SHER WIN-WILLIA Ms

PAINTS é MIRNISHES





Best dealers everywhere. Address all inquiries to The Sherwin-Williams 00.43611 Canal Rd. , Clevelandfi.





 





D on’t Let Cholera

Your Hogs,"





Your veterinarian can





prevent it by immunizing. Even after

hog cholera does appear he can control the outbreak by using





Mullord Hog Cholera Serum





The cost of serum to immunize before chole. 3 appears is small. It





costs more alter cholera breaks out.





Consult your Veterinarian in all cases.





Our facilities are unsurpassed. Every step of the process is under

Mullord Hog Cholera Scrum is

of standardized strength and is tested as carefully as though it

were to be used for the treatment of human beings.





the personal direction of experts.





 





Other Mallard

Products





Black Leg and An-

thrax Vaccines. Mal-

lein, Antitoxin lor

Lockjaw and tested

Tuberculin.





 





 





 





send Lor valuable free Bookjd Gives methods for preventing and controlling hog cholera





Tuberculln, Antitoxin for Lockjaw. etc.





and useful information on Block Lo" and Anthrax Vaccines. ,

Send now before disease attacks your herds ‘





H. K. MULFORD COMPANY, Philadelphia

low York nanom- llinneopolis an Pmctno Chicago Atlantis Km» City Scott-lo New 0mma





 





 





Stop Guessing Weights





lt’ 5 too costly. The profitable business—

like policy is to weigh all you buy and

sell on an accurate, reliable





Fairbanks Scale





High prices for crops and live stock

make scales of greater value to vou than

ever before.

ofits life is clear gain.





You Should Buy a

Fairbanks Scale





 





BECA USE





The features of Fairbanks Scales that place them above compe-

tition are given in Catalog No. SD 6 1





Fairbanks, Morse & Co.





logos and Portable Scales, Gasoline Engines. Poms. Water Systems. Electric light Plants. Windmills, Feed Grinders





7“





 





A scale should easily pay for itself in a year, then what you save the rest





It: weights are never questioned.

It is easily kept in adjustment.

It will last a lifetime.





Write for a. copy.





Chicago Detroit





 





SEED WHEAT.





“Pride of Turkey” hard winter wheat,

exempt from Hessian fly, yields 30 to 40

bushels per acre. “Harvest Queen” soft

Wint,er early, stiff straw, yielded 35

bushels per acre this year. Ask your

local dealer for samples and prices





CAUGHEY I: CARRAN

820 chamber of Commerce. Datrolt, Mich.





 





When writing advertisers mention Michigan Farmer





 





We Want HAY&.STRAW





. We get the top price on consignments, make

liberal advancements and prompt remittances.





Daniel McCallrey’s Sons Co.





PITTSBURG. PA





Reference. Washington Trust Company, or any bank in city





 





 





 





 





 





If )011 111110 earlobe for sale it. will pay

HAY «on tour-1w te'l‘he E. L. RICHMOND

COMPANY. Detroit. Michigan
. . 3. .

“unwanmmaz. . . . ..





Vl‘gOULTRYmBEEs,





PLAN FOR CONVENIENT POULTRY

HOUSE AND YARDS.



Some time in the not too distant future

we hope to go into the poultry business

on a more extensive scale than has been

possible up to the present date. For a

long time we did not seem to have suc—

cess if we tried to keep more than 15 or

20 hens. \Ve oeuld get plenty of eggs in

summer and a few in winter. but: never

enough winter eggs to make. it very prof-





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





jtable. “’e have studied and experiment.-

ed, however, until we are. beginning to

be fairly successful in getting winter

«1001!

11/019

OUVA 'm]: GUY/i

at/vA :[fl]: GHVA

»

v N

:llll:

can [HT (Nil/A

Plan of House and Yards.

eggs, even with larger llocks. and so are

iicginning to plan for increase.

A great deal has becn said of late

years about plenty of fresh air. Our





main trouble has been too much fresh air.

'i believe that up here in northern Mich-

igan it is more important to harp on the





subject of warm coups. I believe venti-

lation is necessary but I bclieve warm

coops are more necessary. So when I





build more coops, this will be one of the

things I shall pay quito a. lot of atten—





tion to. “’9 must be economical in our

building if we expect to make it pay, and

we must aim to make our coops as free

from places where lice can gct a. l‘oo'—

hold as possible. Lots of Sunshine is

nceded, and cleanliness is a. virtue. So

there should be plenty of light on the





south side of the building, and everything

made as handy as possible for cleaning

the coops. Along the line. of economy,

at present prices cement and gravel seem

cheaper than lumber.



Now I am going to give my plans for

coops, and if some of you poultrymen

who are in the business on a large scale





see fit to criticise thtm, so much the

better. 1 shall build on the idea. of law-

ing a number of coops or apartments

placed end to end in a building whose

lt-ngtlr will be determined by the amount

of room required. The accompanying il-





lustrations show such a house containing

six coops and a storeroom. i‘j‘dt'il coop or

apartment is calculatcd to accommodate

:5 Leghorn hens or 13 hcns of the larger

breeds.



The drawing shows a wood structure

but I shall probably build of cement. As

I aim to have each coop just ten feet

square and a tour—foot alley all along the





north side ot‘ them, the building will

have to be 14 feet wide and, for six

toops and a store room it will have to

lit’ 70 feet long. The outside walls will

be four inches of ccntcnt grout; also tho

partition between the coups and the al-

ley, and the one betwccn the last coop

and the feed room. The partitions be-

twtcn the coops will be of poultry net.-

ting. Beneath these partitions will be

placed the feed hoppers, so arranged

that food can be takcn from either coop.





’l‘o saVc netting, and at the same time

make good roomy yards, I plan to have

the yards run, both ways from the house





THE 'MICHIGA





having the coops all together, and the

store room or feed room in connection.

your work will be all in “ a bunch," so

to speak. A wheelbarrow or a car can be

run through the whole length of the al-

ley, enabling one to get at each coop

easily to clean it. This alley all along

the north side will also be a tremendous

factor in helping to keep the coops warm.

No cold will be able to penetrate through

these two walls with the air space be-

tween.



One thing I have learned is that in or-

tch‘ to have the sun shineon the floor of

the c00p in the middle of winter the win—

tlows must be built low, for the sun, you

must remember, does not' get very high

about that time. The bottom of the win—

dow should be not over three gee-t from

the ground. The nests I now use are

built with an alley back of them and a

slanting cover to keep the hens from

roosting on them. With these nests I

ntver have any dirty eggs.



The roosts will be made so that they

can be raised and hooked up out of the

way in the day time, leaving the whole

eoop for a scratching pen. This will

effectively put a stop to the hens sitting

on the perches all day, as they are some-

times inclined to do.



Using the coops In this way will neces—

sitate frequent clcaning, and to make

this as simple as possible the alley will

be arranged for the use of a wheelbar-

row or a car. I suppose you are won-

dering how I am going to manage to get

the hens through the alley to the yards

on the north side. VVeli, my first plan

was to raise the floor of the alley and

run them through under the floor, but

I did not like the idea of having to get

up and down so often from the alley to

the coo-ps. So my present plan is to DU:

the floor of the alley on the ground, on

a. level with the floor of the coops, and

make chutes or runways above the floor





N FARMER.



COMPETENT POULTRY JUDGES.



What about the fairs which are soon

to be held? Will you enter one or more

birds so as to help the good work along?

You might win a prize; that would be

pleasing to you, but it would only be a

small part of the good that comes from

placing them on exhibition. It is at

these fairs that all, who are interested,

can learn much as to the qualifications

of the different pure—bred fowls. But let

me say that of the benefits derived from

these exhibitions much depends upon the

qualifications of the men employed to de-

cide as to the merits of the birds.



A poultry judge, who is fully compe-

tent to pass. upon the different breeds

and is well posted upon their advantages

and disadvantages, and is willing and

free to answer questions put to him, by

those who know little about pure-bred

poultry, but who are anxious to learn,

can do a world of good in explaining

matters to these inquirers. There are

thousands of poultry keepers, both on a





large and small scale, who never take

enough interest in the work to ask a

question through their agricultural or





J.





poultry paper, but if they come face -.0

face with a man whom they know to be

thoroughly posted on matters pertaining

to this industry; one whom they can de-

pend upon to give reliable information,

they will learn a great many things that





will be of benefit to them in keeping

poultry so as to make something out

of it.





But do we have men at our local fairs

to place the ribbons who are well posted

enough to go into the details of poultry

culture and give all the desired informa—

tion in the correct way? Yes, I think

as a rule we do. So far as I have been

able to learn, I believe that the men who

act in this capacity understand their

business pretty well, and are able to tell





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





for Hens Made to





can go back and

made so they can





Passageway

through which they

forth. These will be

be lifted to get them out of the way of

the wheelbarrow or cart. They will be

arranged so that when lifted up they will

automatically close the opening into the

coop. The accompanying illustration

makes this plain, I think.



Now some of this I have never tried.

\\'hat do yoa think of the plan of put-

ting; the netting in for partitions? Will

it, be all right, or are there some diffi-

culties in the way? Can we keep, profit—

ably, more than 25 hens per coop in the

(oops which we are not breeding from?

] notice that some men tell of keeping

100 to 1:30 hens in a coop and doing well

with them, but among the farmers who

keep large flocks here I have never seen

any that made a sfitcccss of it.



Mecosta Co. L, C. WHEELER.



(There is a possibility that a poultry

house of this length, without any solid

partitions, may prove draughty. This,

however, can probably bt’ remedied, if

found necessary, by using canvas cur-





u

n .





Fold Fiat Against Wall of Coop.





in a plain manner the distinguishing

characteristics of the different varieties

of pure-bred poultry. We have better

Judges now than we had eight or ten

ycars ago, for the reason that in the

past few years there has been much

more interest taken in poultry culture.

There was a time when we had men to

do this work, who did as much harm as

good in instructing people about the dif-

ferent breeds and their purposes.



The- re‘sults of judicious selections of

the best will soon be fet in your part of

the country. The villager who keeps a.

dozen hens, as well as the farmer with

200, will take more pride in having good

stock. A spirit of friendly rivalry springs

up and soon you hear about this one and

that one having prize winners, and then

there is a strife t0 out-do them at the

next opportunity. More and more be-

come interested until some of the most

interested parties are found with a good

string of birds at our leading midwinter

poultry shows.



Attend your fair this fall and place on





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





let it





 





 





 





 





 





 





)rgxxa‘uxx





 





 





 





 





Illustrates Side View of Poultry





and let the hens from the first coop go

to the south and the next to the north,

etc. This will give me- yards just twice

as Wide as I could get the other way and

save nearly half on the poultry netting,

getting the same amount of room. As

you will notice, building on this long

coop idea I will also save a lot on the

lumber or cement, as the case may be,

for there will be only two ends to build

instead of 14 as would be necessary if

the coops were built separately. Then,





Plant. Yards for adjacent COmparfinents





tains between the apartments. Twenty-

five hens are about all that can safely be

kept in a 10x10—ft. coop. This allows 4

sq, ft. to each fowl, which is close to the

minimum and somewhat less than is ad-

vocated by some good poultrymen. Of

course, the larger the number of fowls

the more ventilation required. As a

whole the plans are to be commended

and we regard the scheme for utilizing

yards on both sides of the house a. very

good one—Eds.)





 





are on Opposite Sides of Building.





exhibition one or more of your best birds.

Use every effort to get us as much in-

terest in the department as possible. Ask

questions and induce others to do the

same. Learn all you can about the breed

you are most interested in, so. that at

the next fair you will be able to show an

improvement on the last exhibit



_Another matter that should be taken

up at such gatherings is a free discussion

of the different plans of feeding and car—

ing for the hens for best results in egg





SEPT. 7, 1912.





THIRTEEN YEARS





Unlucky Number to: Dakota Woman.

The question whether the number “13"

is really more unlucky than any other

number has never been etirely' settled.

A So. Dak. woman, after thirteen years

of misery from drinking coffee. found a.

way to break the “unlucky spell.” Tea.

is just as injurious as coffee because it

contains caffeine, the drug in coffee. She

writes:



“For thirteen years I have been aner—

vous wreck from drinking coffee. My

liver, stomach, heart—in fact, my whole

system being actually poisoned by it.

“Last year I was confined to my bed

for six months. Finally it dawned on

me that; coffee caused the trouble. Then

I began using Postum instead of coffee,

but with little faith, as my mind was in

such a, condition that: I hardly knew

what to do next.



“Extreme nervousness and failing eye—

sight caused me to lose all courage. In

about two weeks after I quit coffee

and began to use Postum, I was able to

read and my head felt clear. I am im-

proving all the time and I will be a.

strong, well woman yet.



“I have fooled more than one person

with a delicious cup of Postum. Mrs. S.

wanted to know where I bought my fine

coffee. I told her my grocer had it and

when she f0und out it! was Postum she

has used it ever since, and her nerves

are building up fine.



“My brain is strong, my nerves steady,

my appetite good, and best of all, I en-

joy such sound, pleasant sleep.” Name

given by Postum 00.. Battle Creek, Mich.

Get the little book in pkg.. “The Road

to Wellville." “There's a. reason.”





Ever read the above letter? A

new one appears from time to

time. They are genuine, true.

and'full of human interest.





 





 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 

   

 

   





 

 





Only One

Question

To decide





NOT whether lightning pro- ulstmmynnm.

tection is worthw hie.l rinsi- 0f

BUT what YSTEM— that Lightning control



ts the question.

Over 2000 Insurance Companies have

given their opinion and backed it u by

notable reductions in insurance rates. hey

are unanimous in declaring in favor of the





Dodd oSyslem

of Lightning Control 1





the invention and discovery of West Dodd. No houu

Io protected hu ever been destroyed by lightning.

heD DODD SYSTEM is based upon scientific data dis-

covered and gathered original lgrbyuswv e know how

and why, whereas others try ocopy our methods.

Lightninngewn Free. Send for our lar e lightning

book showing actuallightning photograp s. Provel

to any skeptic that the Dodd System gives absolute

rotection. We guarantee your safety under bind-

ng contract.





DODD & STRUTBERS

721 6th Avenue, De- Moines. In.





West Dodd Discoverer

Perfected Lightning control





 





Auto-Fedan





Hay Press 4 Models





Let us place the Auto- Fedan on your farm and

Put it in operation. If it is not thoroughly satis-



ctor in every respect—if it will not; bale buy 20 per

cent. 0 eaper than any other machine on the market—

we will not. ask you to buy, and will refund you the

freight and take charge of the machine.



Write us todayfar catalog and prices.



Auto-Fedan Bay Press 00., Box 21. Albion. Mich.





-FREE CATALOG-





Tclls how to grind twice the amount of

corn on cobs or in shucks, shell com.

sheaf oats, katfir com, alfalfa, oats.

rye, wheat, barley, cotton seed and





 





small grains, coarse or fine. in halfthe

time and withless power by using the





SUPERIOR

DUPLEX MILL ~





Its double grinding rings with saw ‘ .

tooth grooves do the work the way you want it done. Force

feed never chokes. Self-sharpening. simple and built to

last Em grinding fin free with mill Complete line.

Capacity 5 to 120 bu. an out and operates on from Hg

H.P For gasoline or steam engines: Fully guaran

teed. Write May for tree illustrated catalogue.

SUPERIOR WUFAOTUBIRG h HILL CO.

m But Street Springfield, Ohio





EONE HALF

autumn EXPENSE

:‘ZI‘. $1,393,? 32552:.53'





 





 





 





MC HENPY- MILLHOUSE MFG CO





3,0 ,. rH til. ~13. //vD/.QN}~I
fir?‘>}’ .





» 4...... _ ,





Wk‘wp v~





 





production, getting t





seer 7,. 1912.





hem in condition for

early fall laying. selection of 'the most

desirable birds for keeping ever. etc,

Make the poultry department. of your fair

3. place of instruction as well as a. show.

New York. V. M. COUCH.





GETTING GOOD, MARKETABLE

BEESWAX.



some bee-keepers consider beeswax

useless, hence. give no attention to se-

curing this product .of the apiary. In

this they are seriously in error. since ex-

perience tells me, as well as others who

make money out of bees. that convert-

ing every salable product into cash is

neoclasery to offset the losses to which

bee-keepers are always subject.



As with all marketable products, the

value of beeswax depends upon its qual-

ity, and the quality and marketability of

this product depend upon the care exer-

cised in rendering the wax. To have it

retain its natural color it must not be

over—heated. Over-boiling will convert it

intoagrainy muss having the appearance

of pulp. It is possible to change cakes of

wax into powder by over-boiling. If you

.find something resembling mud at the

bottom of the cakes you may rest as-

sured that it is wax, but its color can

only be improved by dry melting.



One precaution is to avoid melting the

combs with water in runs that contain

iron, as irOn will cause the wax to turn





 





black. Another is to refrain from using

aCIds in rendering wax. As a general

rule, those who make use of acids use





them in entirely too large quantities. The

use of acids removes the smell of the

bees from the wax.



Before beginning the melting. take the

old combs and crush them as much as

you can, then put them in clean water

and melt them. It is not necessary to

use a press until after you have taken

out the best of the wax. I use a press

only for the residue.



If you spoil the wax during the boiling

and get it into the grainy condition de-

scribed above, that part which is grainy,

and which is more or less dirty and con—

tains ctmsiderable water, must be return-

ed to good condition by subjecting it to

dry heat. Even then you will not have

as good beeswwax as you otherwise would

have had.



Jackson Co. JESSE SMITH.-



JOTTINGS FOR BEE-KEEPERS.



Honey is being recognized as so health-

ful a diet, especially for children, that

few families can be found. where honey

enters into the everyday diet, that have

any cause to call the family physician.

A single pound of well-ripened honey





contains more nutriment than two pounds,





of pork, and more medicine than any

druggist would put up for 50 cents. Hon-

ey is also one of the choicest foods for

man, and not the least valuable, as it is

the only food that, having undergone

chemical change in the body of the bee.

can be. taken directly into the system and

used as a force—producer without having

to pass through the ordinary digestive

process.



Extracted honey comes nearer being a

staple article than does comb, and I be-

lieve if we exert ourselves more in the

introduction of extracted honey the fu—

ture will sue the greater portion of our

honcy sold in the liquid form. it costs

so much less to produce it and prepare

it for market, and we can produce so

much more per colony that We can sell

it f0r about half what we get for comb

honey and give us the same profit. It is

estimated that it takes about 15 pounds

of honey to make one pound of comb. lf

honey is extracted from the combs with-

out mutilaling them, and the combs re-

placed in the. hives, one can obtain nearly

twice as much honey.





NATIONAL CORN SHOW.



The next exhibit of the National Corn

Exposition. will be held at Columbia,

South Carolina, on January 27 to Febru—

ary 13, 1913. At this time Michigan will

have a chance to show not only corn,

but grains of all kinds in an exhibit

which will be compared with similar dis«

plays from all the other states of the

Union, Last year at Columbus. Ohio. “16

Michigan exhibit was attractive and ed-

ucational and was a credit to the state.

‘Ve have secured more space for 1913 and

hope to be able to put up a, better ex-

hibit than at any previous show. Farm—

ers sending material for 'the Exposition

should send not less than one—half bushel

of anyAvariety of grain or less than run

cars of corn." Shipments should be made

before December 25, 1912, to the Michi-

gan Experiment Station. care of W. F.

Raven, East Lansing, freight or express

prepaid—W. F. Raven, Vice-President

for Michigan. of. National Corn Exposi-

ton, , . ...-_...---





 

 

 





illl





 

 

 





.—





i IImII ....... uulmnl





THE MICHIGAN .FARMER.





llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllliililllll”....ml





(27)





199





ll





 





 





 





 





You Can’t Afford To Buy Any Range Unsiglit Unseen ‘ . ..: '





It you were buying a horse, you wouldn’t: want any printed description—you would wanttt



look him over mighty carefully so as to know you were getting your money's worth. So.

before deciding upon any range the wise woman will go to the local dealer and examine - . ,,

the superior points of merit of the Great Manure Range—it Will stand the test of ' ' "





closely into





A Great _

,1. f l Malleable‘aml

than-coal Iron





 





outwean three ordinary ranges.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





3. . ._ It.





 





; .- ll





Ullllllll. 3g





. .‘ in art n, oint for point. with any range ever made.

cfiscal]: gigolo: will be the range with a reputation—built on honor—the





 





Outwears Three Ordinary Ranges fl, .





l t ‘ (I: ran made of malleable iron and charcoal iron.

Clhdz'CJI‘zg: wont; nut like steel-malleable iron can’t break. I!





Economical-Saves Half Your Fuel





The Mqiestz'c is put together with rivets—joints and scams remain

air tight; forever. Oven lined with pure asbeatos board—you can an

' Takes but half the fuel-assures perfect baking.





\ All Copper Reservoir—Against Fire Box

"- f ' The reservoir is all copper and heats through copper pocket, stamped



from one piece. setting against tire box. Holds 15 gallons of water.

Just turn lever: and It is instantly moved away from





Greatest Improvement Put In a Range A‘

——increasin strength and wear of a Great Majestic more .

than 300:“ a point where other ranges are we

many other exclusive features. Ask to see it.

For sale by dealers in nearly every county





I‘.





 





When you have made this comparison .

Aluminum

or

rv ll





.-

-‘





 





ajestic





. “‘4 -7 _ . H"

Range .





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





the fire. f.





 





akest- [ l





 





 





Aluminum





 





In 40 states. Write today for our booklet. . _

“Range Comparison." R Top it 8:33”

Majestic Mfg. Co. “Them?!“ ' A" ‘ '

Dept. 21 "

St. Louis. Mo.

I

I

, ' I I n

‘ O . ' . I





 





 

 





Get Busy With a Baler





F you have clover, timothy, prairie

grass, or alfalfa, it will pay you to bale

it. Loose hay takes barn space. You



cannot sell it easily and you cannot ship

it at all. It is the hay that is baled which is in demand

in the high-priced city markets. This is the hay upon

which you make your profits.



The difference between what it costs to bale hay and

the increase you get in price per ton, gives you a bigger

margin of profit on your work than anything else you do

on a farm. You can bale easily from 8 to 16 tons a day

and under certain conditions, several tons more. Baled

hay can be made as much a. big cash crop to you as

your wheat, corn, or oats. All you need is the right

kind of hay press. There is money in owning an





11-1 C Hay Press





An I H C pull power press in either one or two-horse

style, or an I H C motor press with a. 3, 4, or 6-horse

power I H C engine, will do the work required on any

farm cheaper, quicker, and with less attention than any

other hay press so far designed.



It has taken years of field testing to make these presses

the best that you can buy. They are that now. The

horse power presses have greater capacity than any other

horse press of equal size. They are lighter draft and

easier on the horses. The step-over is the lowest and

narrowest made. They have an adjustable bale tension,

E which insures compact bales. They are equipped with a.

m roller tucker to turn in all straggling ends, thus making

3 each bale neat in appearance.



@ I H 0 motor presses consist of a bale chamber and an



_ I H C engine mounted on substantial trucks. The bale





E





,-——'





— ’v/ z _ [u





Warrant“! For Mnty- Five





millilflyummumammumijlmniumumilfignmmmMilliinimmimlmlmmmmlnmm“nullIlium"nunminimum:mutually





 

   

 





chamber of the motor press corresponds in size to the

bale chamber of the horse press—14x18 inches, 16x18

inches, and 17x22 inches. No time is lost in setting up

the machine. It can be moved easily from place to place,

backed to the stack or barn, and started to work at once.

The engine does not need a man to watch it and there is

no danger from sparks. When not baling hay, the en-

gine can be detached. Two extra wheels, an axle, and a

belt pulley are furnished, so that with a little adjusting,

you have a. regular portable I H C engine ready for busi-

ness 365 days each year. You can operate a small thresher

or corn shredder, saw wood, shell corn, grind feed, pump

water, generate electricity, or run a cream separator.

You thus purchase two useful machines in one. There

is profit in the hay press and unlimited work in the

engine.



H ay time is drawing near. Be prepared for it. Drop

in and see an I H C local dealer in your town, or write

for a catalogue.





International Harvester Company of America

(incorporated)

Chicago U S A





[H 0 Service Bureau





The purposcofthis Bureau is to furnish. free of

charge to all. the best information obtainable on

better farming. If you have any worthy questions

concerning soils. crops. land drainage. irrigation

fertilizer. etc , make your inquiries spcciiic and

send them to Hit; Service Bureau. Harvester

Building. Chicago. U S A





 





Poultry Regulator

is a. great help to

moulting hens. In—

surcs quick

vigorous health and

plenty of winter eggs.

25c. 50c. $1.

“Money back if it fails.”

Poultry Book FREE.

PRATT FOOD (‘0.

Philadvlnhia Chicago





 

 





 





' ' ' Barred Rocks, It. I. It ld'. Man

531%? Wiintg‘ng Eng; gekin andIIj.tl}iitntri$€r ducllaé

00 area. 8. .g s . , persc. i i y or

EMWOOD FAR]! .KR. R. No. 13. Grand liupids),pMich.





 





AWLT'Z — --... Y

Rubber 3mm“ immerses; .

' Wrath has assumes; LlLLlE FARHSTEAD POULTRY





more.

ONE-PLYIIIDWOISIII 85 lb... 108 Square





"“8 “all:

special prices only hold good for '





R E E SAMPLES or order dinct this ad

ormouoy





gator

, Century Manufacturing 00., omwoofifi' gamma;





Foot. 81.10 per roll-

TWO-PL! . . . Wclghl 4511’s., 108 Square Feet. 31.3. per roll.

THREE-PL! o Weighs 55 lbs. 108 Square Mzfluo per [0“.

We save you the wholesalers’ and retailers’ profit. , M

Immediate shipment. '





from vertisem t. Satisfaction

refunded. We role: you to Southern minoignli’stional Bmk.





 





B. P. Rocks. R. I. Reds. and S. O. W. Leghorn eggs

for sale. 15 for 81: 26 for $1.50: 50 for $2.50.

COLON C. LILLIE. Coopersville. Mich.





Bull dz White I()rpingtnns, Buff & White at

Leghorns. Barred it: White Rocks. R. I. {.5

Beds and Black Minoroas. Circular C13

ready. H. B. KING. Willis, Michigan. Isl-l





‘ ' —the great winter

Crystal White Orpmgtons layers. Yearluég

hens and early hatched cockerels for sale. MR .

WILLIS HOUGH, Pine Crest Farm, Royal Oak. Mich





 





8993





 





 





 





DOGS.





 





0000 FERRE’I’S FOR SALE‘E'OE’Eoll'ltelfig





5 cents. O. J. DIMIOK. Rochester. Ohio. flman. R. 6.





 





' from Standard Silver. Golda V HITEW Id thee—The mostbeautitul and use-

Ew l0! "Immgand W. Wamdoflies. 15 82:30 {E W lul of agar?“ breeds. Sand for 1912 circular

Browning's Wyandotte Farm. . Mic . 1





.30. Portliuid.





130ml lvlvockoEggs‘fi{surfiiiné‘gtsssl'é‘éiofi “it? 30 Pure Bred Fox Hound Pups i"‘3‘l¥..‘f°..i‘:.i§é£.i‘§:i

. . . . en on at . 0 .





hounds. Send stamp. W. E. Leaky, Holmesville. Ohio.





Please mention the l‘lichlguu Par-mot when





 





.A- FRANKLIN SMITH. B. u. D. 9. Ann Arbor. Mich. wrltlnl to advertisers.
SEPT. 7, 1912.





IVWEHORWTICULTURE-





A DANGEROUS CONDITION IN MICH-

IGAN ORCHARDS.





 





 





Last year following a most peculiar

spring, in which growth of all fruits and





crops was very excessive, very severe

attacks of fire blight were observed.

There was probably no fruit-growing





country which did not send specimens

for determination ‘to the College. This

year the attack of fire blight is not so

excessive—nor are the fruit—growers

showing any alarm about the conditions





this year. Nevertheless, observations

made on a recent trip taken through

northern Michigan, and observations





made in southern and central Michigan,

lead me to believe that fire blight is do-

ing considerable damage, and especially

Since the fruit—growers are not making

any special fight upon the disease.



The Disease.



Fire blight is probably the most char-

acteristic and easily determined disease

of apples and pears. 1t attacks several

parts of the plant—in fact, all parts ex—

cept the root. The different kinds of

attack are sometimes given special

names. but it is very important that the

growers recognize that these are all evi—

dences of the same disease. For exam-





ple, fire blight exists as a blossom and

twig blight. it also produccs a rot 01"

the fruit, while in its most serious form,

it produces a limb canker, which may

develop into a body blight. At present,

in the orchards thloughout the state, I

find abundant evidcnct- of twig blight.

Trees of susceptible varictics are dotted

with brown and dying branches. As I

have said, this disease shows some very

decisive signs, and in thesc blighted

branches we have such a well-marked





sign. The twigs are dead and the leaves,

browncd or blackened, cling to them

tightly. 'li‘il'c blight is a quick-working





discase. and the leaves are killed quickly

and wither on the dead stems, exactly as

if the branches were broken from the

trees.



if the cffcct on

whole of the story,





the twigs were the

no fruit-grower Would

need to be alarmed over the- effect of fire

blight this year; but the disease is not

going to stop with the twigflit will work

down the twigs into the smaller branches,





and the chances are that at least one

serious limb canker will be produced

on every tree that is now showing the

few evidences of twig blight. liere is

where the serious loss to the apple tree

will commence. 'l‘hc limb canker may

take a good—sized limb. or it may even

take a main branch, and if a main

branch is killed, the tree is cut in two,





and its appearance and strength is bad—

ly impaired.

Life History of Disease.



From what has been said, it can be

seen that tire blight is a disease which

advances, if it once gets a start in a

tree. Fire blight is a bacterial disease.

It is lllCl‘UItn‘t‘, a discuse of plants. com--

parable, so far as cause goes, with the

bacterial diseases of animals, such as

tuberculosis, or typhoid fever. its pro-

gress within the plant, and its manner

of lasting ovcr winter are well known.

It is known that the bacteria live over in

the limb cankcrs; and in the spring, with

the beginningr of growth, the bacteria

within the diseased limbs so increase in

number that they push out in sticky

drops from cracks in the bark. These

masses can be sccn on blighted limbs

during rainy periods. These sticky drops

are visited by insects and the bacterial

masses are carried by the insects to the

flowers and twigs. 'l‘llc germs that are

carried to the llowers grow in the nectar

and eventually pcnctrate the thin cell—

walls and get within the plant. Bees

visiting such an infected ilower, of course.

become heavily infected with the germs,

and it is a frequcnt observation that the

majority of blossoms on a tree are blight—

ed. following, of course, the path of the





bee. ,

The disease works down the flower

stall: into the twigs. and a few of the





twig blights, as has been explained, pro-

duce limb cankers.



Body blight usually arises from water

sprouts, which are blighted as the dis~

ease progresses into the trunk or main

branch from this source. \Vith such a

condition, girdling the tree is commonly

the result. This is the most dangerous

form of the disease, since it results in

the death of the whole tree.



Control.



Fire blight was. at one time the most



discussed of any plant disease. It is true





THE . MICHIGAN FARMER.‘





that the old horticulturists knew nothing

of the cause of the disease and did noth-

ing to control it. Things are only slight—

ly different now. This is largely due to

indifference and a full realization of the

danger that threatens. \Ve have much

knowledge about control methods, con-

tributed for the most part by Waite, of

the United States Department of Agri-

culture, and by Whetzel, of the Cornell

Experiment Station.



XVaite showed in several badly infested

sections of the country that it was pos—

sible to control fire blight by painstak-

ing pruning-out of the cankers, and by

the establishing of the vase-form in the

'tree. The pruning destroys the hold—

over places and thus prevents spring in-

fection by destroying the sources of in-

fection. The vase—form tree is the tree

most readily sprayed, and the one in





 





 





 





 





 





Young Tree Affected wih Twig Blight.

New Orchards as Well as Old Need

Systematic Inspection.





which the disinfectant effect of sunshine

is most active. It can be seen that the

bulk of this treatment is a treatment of

dormant trees.



To \thtzel belongs the credit of

showing fruit men another point of at—

tack. \\'llere \luite emphasized the cut—

ting out of the cankers from dormant

trces, \'\'hetzcl urges constant inspection

in the growing season. Fight the blos—

som blight and the cases of twig blight





and thus avoid the cankcrs. He has

saved orchards in New York by this

treatment. At first, thought it seems a

hard course to follow—constant inspec—

tion. It means going over the trees at

least once a week during the seasons

when the trees are growing rapidly, and





it may even mean daily inspection dur—





ing blossoming time.



a blossom is blighted, and

can be seen at a glance.

the blighted blossom or spur is to be

broken off. An ordinary long-handled

pruning hook will do this nicely. .-\

blighted twig must be cut off and these

two small wounds do not of necessity

need to be disinfected. Should the in-

spection be tardy, there will doubtless be

(ascs of limb cankers These must be

sawed out, and hcre the principles that

govern pruning must be followed. Make

the cuttings flush, disinfect the cut sur-

face and paint over with good white lead

paint. Should the blight show up as a

body canker or blight, the dead wood

must be cut or chiseled out and for this

purpose a carpenter’s gouge is very

handy.



Any standard disinfectant will do, but

no doubt corrosive sublimate is the most

convenient. But the user must know

that this is a very powerful poison, and

also'that it has a corrosive action on

metals. Tools must not be allowed to

remain in it nor can it be made up in

metal receptacles. It is handiest to car—

ry the disinfectant in a two—quart Mason

jar and apply it to 'the surfaces with a

sponge. Corrosive sublimate is sold at

the drug stores in tablet form, and one

large tablet or four small ones to a pint

of water gives a solution of the proper

strength. Five per cent carbolic acid





’\\'hcnev<‘r

this condition





can also be used, or a. 1 to 100 formula.

solution.



I strongly advise fruit growers to in-

spect their orchards carefully at this

time and follow Whetzel’s recommenda-

tion to the letter. A good-sized orchard

can be gone over in one or two days, and

it is a certain thing that the fruit grow-

er is thus protecting himself against next

.Vear, and is no doubt saving some large

limbs of his trees. It doesn’t require a

very large limb of an apple tree to bear

enough fruit to pay for a whole week of

a man’s time.





It, of course, is necessary in cleaning

up a whole district that every man see-

to it that his trees are clean. But bee





cause your neighbor is willing to let his

trees go is no reason for you to do the

same. Take care of your own yard and

you can save your trees. It is true. that

you will have to keep inspecting and

keep fighting the diseases so long as

your neighbor lets the sources remain,

but the point is that you can keep your-

self free from body blight and limb cank-

ers if you are on the alert. If a man

has careless neighbors, it is indeed too

bad. but fire blight can be fought with-

out your neighbors’ help. They merely

make the fight longer and harder.



The accompanying cut shows the ef-

fect of the disease on young trees. Here

we have a case of twig blight that is

doing grave damage to the tree. A plan-

tation of young trees needs inspection

Just as much as an orchard, and careful

cutting out and disinfecting the cuts will

save many times the cost of such in—





spection.

Mich. Agl. Col. G. H. COONS.

CHICKWEED IN STRAWBERRIES.





 





Keeping chickweed

patches probably is the greatest problem

the strawberry grower has to face today.

This has been one of the leading ques-

tions since strawberries have been grown

commcrcially.



in the first year, as a rule. chickweed

is rot bothersome, but late in the fall

after the hoeing and cultivating are- dis-





cominued, or early in the spring when

it is impossible to cultivate, the pest

makes its appearance.





There are tWo types of chickweed. One





has a smooth leaf, is light green in col-

or and attains a very rapid growth; the

second is more stocky, having a. long.





hairy, dark green leaf, and this type has

a tendency to grow more in bunches

than does the former, thus making it

easier to clean out by hand. The first

type is the hardest to combat, and at

the same time, is the m0st common.





'loth types will succumb to the same

treatment.

chickweed is a plant which thrives





best in wet weather,

seriously damaged by drought. “'here

it glows in a thick mat within the row,

it will hold the moisture collected dur-

ing the night or from a rain until 10 or

12 o’clock in the day. This causes much

injury both to green and ripening fruit.



As has been stated, during the first

summer while the strawberries are be‘

ing hood and cultivated, the chickweed

does not become a source of extraordi-

nary annoyancc, as it is rather a. tender

plant and cannot stand Inuch disturb-

ance. During the fall the plants get so

thick in the rows that it is impossible to

use a hoe to any advantage. Now is the

time the little chickweed makes its ap—

pearance, especially if the fall is a wet

one. As soon as the chickweed plant

has reached a height of about two inches

it begins to branch out, covering the

strawberry plants and producing seed in

abundance which, falling to the ground.

germinate: immediately, growing up

through that already in evidence. This.

of course, produces a thick mat which

will choke out any other growing plant.

The prevention of this, to a certain ex-

tent, is by hoeing dirt into the row in

the early fall, to break down and cover

the little chickweed plants. At this sea-

son Strawberries will stand considerable





and of course is





dirt covering and still grow upward

through the dirt.

A small amount of chickweed may be





a good thing in a strawberry patch dur—

ing the winter, but only a small amount,

because it would not be wise to have

enough so that the berry plants would be

smothered. A little of the chickweed

plant_ prevents heaving, and is more or

less a sort of cover cI-Op or protection

against the cold winter weather.



Now comes the real problem, how to

get rid of the chickweed, which has been

a good thing during the period of low

temperatures, but which in the spring

becomes a nuisance. Hitherto there has

been no other method than the laborious





 





out of strawberry





 





 





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WALLACE BROS., 0Bay Shore, Churlevoix, 00., Mich.





FRUIT TREES!





Plant this fall and get. trees into bearin one o r

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one of having the grower get down on

his hands or: knees and pull it. out with

his fingers. Already I have shown how

it can be. controlled the‘first year, per-

haps leaving enough for all the good ef-

fects during the winter. But during the

warm‘spells in the winter season chick-

weed grows rapidly, especially early in





.the spring. So I have carried on an in-





vestigation on spraying chickwced in the

spring with sulphate of iron to meet this

situation.



These experiments were undertaken at

Webster, N. Y. It was known, to begin

with, that sulphate of iron would kill

chickweed and strawberries as well. Thus

‘the object of the experiments was de-





fined if possible, to a time when the

berry patch might be sprayed to kill

chickweed and leave the strawberry





plant's uninjured; also to discover what

strength of sulphate of iron solution

would be most effective. Three solutions

were employed as follows: One pound

”to a gallon of water. one and a half

pounds to a'gallon of water, and two

pounds per gallon of water. which we





‘will call respectively 10, 15 and 20 per





cent solutions. Each solution was ap—

plied to two small plats. The first plat.

was sprayed thoroughly, bur not over-

done, while the second plat was drench—

ed. The first spraying was done April

3, 1911. The last snow was just disap-

pearing. The second spraying Occurred

about a. week later and the third just

before the blossom buds appeared.



The results were that on the first

spraying the 20 per cent sulphate of iron

solution killed all the cliickw'oe.l and took

all the leaves off the strawberry plants

as it did all the others, but it did not

kill the plants. They soon came on

fresher and greener than bcfore. The

15 per cent solution killed most of the

chickweed and the 10 per cent solution,

some of it only. There were no benefits

from drenching the plants with the solu—

tion, thus showing that the making up

for lack of strength of solutions by ap-

plying an extra amount cannot be ac-

complishcd.



Chickweed came up from seed and

covered the ground before the end of the

blossoming season. Thus while the spray—

ing was effective it was done two eat-1Y-

The second spraying produced about the

same results as the first. It, of course,

caught a week‘s additional growth of

chickweed.



The third spraying was the one which

produced the most effective results.

showing that the 10 per cent solution is

not quite strong enough, but that the 15

to 20 per cent solution is about right. All

‘the leaves of the plants were takcn off

as in the previous experiment. but the

crowns were uninjured even where the

drenching was resorted to. The time of

blossoming was delayed probably from

four days to a week. This will vary

With the time of spraying and the son—

son. If the weather is clear and sun-

shiny the chickwced will be killed in two

or four days, and the strawberry leaves

will be black and the whole patch will

look as though it had been burned. As

the crowns are uninjured fresh green

leaves soon appear. They grow excep-

tionally fast, shading the grtuud so that

the chickweed does not re-appear to any

extent.



As previously observed, it is not DOH<

siblc to make a 10 per cent solution of

sulphate of iron equal to a 15 or 20 per

cent solution by applying an extra.

amount. Either a 15 per cent or 20 per

cent solution must be applied evenly and

just enough thoroughly to wet all the

chickweed through to the ground, It

may be applied with a broadcast spray—

er, carrying a nozzle over every row. In

these experiments, however, a hand-

pump and a ”Tiger” nozzle were used.

This combination gave a very fine, force—

ful and effective spray. No chickweed

will be killed below where the spray

goes. I do not think a sprinkling pot

would be satisfactory. In a day or two

after the spray is applied the- patch

should be gOne through and the thick

bunches of chickweed raked off with an

or-dinul'y garden rake or similar tool. Oth-

erwise it will die down. forming a dense

mat and will smother the plants be—

neath it.



New York.



A SERIOUS APPLE DISEASE.



In the apple growing sections of the

northwest, the apple tree anthracnose is

a, most serious fungus disease. It causes

cankers on the trunk and branches, the

infection usually taking place in the fall

«of the year. In addition to the cankers

on the tree the fungus is sometimes

foundupon .the'fruit. The Oregon Sta-





THEMMI'CHIG'AN: 'FARMER: ' ~ (29)





tion has studied the disease and after

experiments has found that treatment

with Bordeaux mixture,- using a 4:4:53

solution, in the fall before the beginning

of the rains, to be followed as soon as

the fruit is picked, by an additional

spraying of a 6:6:50 Bordeaux mixture,

has proved successful in reducing the

amount of disease. It is believed that

under ordinary conditions this treatment

should be sufficient for controllig the dis-

ease, but whore the fungus is very pre-

valont, an additional spraying should be

given the trees, beginning somewhat ear-

lier in the season. Where practical the

cankers should be cut out before fully

formed during the winter or early spring.





COVER CROPS FOR BUSH FRUITS.





 





In maintaining the productivity and

prolonging the bearing period of bush

fruits it is essential, among other things,

that plant food in proper quantities be

supplied at proper times, and that the

humus content of the soil be maintained

or increased. Humus may be supplied





by the application of coarse strawy ma?





nure or other like material, which, be-

in: worked into the soil by spring and

summer cultivation,- and decaying, adds





I





 





to its supply of vegetable matter.

is another way in which this needed

vegetable matter may be supplied and

with but little expense, namely. through

the use of cover crops. Cover crops will

give the same beneficial results with

hush fruits as with tree fruits, and the

most successful orchardists owe not a

little of their success to the practice of

growing cover crops in their orchards.



Clovers, vetches. and like crops are not

suitable for cover crops in bush fruit

plantations; however. a grain should be-

uscd that is killed by wiutor freezing.

Oats or peas answer this purpose well.

This rult- is. of course. applicable only

for those latitudes where there is suffi-

cient freezing to kill these grains. It is

quite probable though that the COVer

(-ron plan may be utilized in warmer Iat-

iiudcs. as well, and clovers, vetches, and

like crops utilized for this purpose, in!

all sections. providing the seed is drillcd

in, allowing sufficient margin between

cover crop and row of canes to permit

this growth to be turned under with a

plow. But the furrows shOuld be very

shallow. The dcpth should not be great-

er than the cultivation given, else a!

great many roots will be destroyed and'

this we can in no wise afford. '



Grain for this cover crop may be sown j

the last of August or the first of Sepiem- '

her. If cultivation throughout the sea-

son has been as thorough as it should

be, the surface soil will be moist and

mollow; except of course, where a drouth

has prevailed, and undcr those conditions

the cover crop will grow rapidly. This

cover crop will not. as it might appear,

rob the canes of lit’t‘tlt‘d plant food, for

:it this season tho vanes should be di-

recting their energies to the ripening of

fruit buds and wood growth. And for

this purpose those elements of plant food

used in making vegetative growth are

not nccdcd by the vines. The fact of

the matter is that the cover crop takes

up plant food that might otherwise he

lost through leaching,

soil, or other action of the elements. Ber—I

ing hold by these plants of the. cover“,

crops. these valuable nitrates revert‘v

again to the soil, upon thoir dct-ay.



Thcn, too, these cover crops will afford‘

some protection to the roots of bush

fruits against severe freezing. This in

some cases may be an aid of no small

consequence. -



Not only are these cover crops ameans

01‘ saving feréility during the fall in the

manner mentioned. but during the Win-

tcr and spring months, when the ground

is subject to washing by heavy rains,

these crops. although now dead, are still

beneficial and in much the same way.

And then, when we come to give the

plantation its first spring cultivation, we

find that the ground thus protected

works up evm‘ so much more mellow than

that which has had no such protection.

And this beneficial result is nmiocable

throughout the entire season of culti-

vation.



Emmett Co. M. N. EDGERTON.





DO NOT RELENT.





 





 





The struggle against injurious bacterial

and fungus diseases and insect pests is

a never-ending one. The battle for the

remainder of the summer will be confined

to the bombardment of 'the winter

Strongholds of such enemies. Fruits and

remnants of plants are burned, rubbish

and weeds destroyed and infected soils

will be plowed to expose the foe to their





Th crc 1





201





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' Rl' Hut iv

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When writing to advertisers please mention the Michigan Farmer.
262 (30) ' .1 THE MICHIGAN, 'FARM-ER. SEPT-7.1912-

To introduce our paper into the home of every farmer we offer





 





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER lUWEEKS F0310“





Any one who is not now a subscriber can take advantage of this extremely liberal trial

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Address The Michigan Farmer, Detroit, Mich.





 





 





 





     





 





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well iinislic-d throughout. Fully guaranteed. Ask for Premium N0.





 





 





Bill Fold and Coin

Purse. Cowhide leath—

er, stitched through-

out. One pocket for

coins, and separate

fold for bills. Size 2%

x3%. Button fasten-

ers. A strong, sub-

stantial purse that will

Stag Handle Knife of the famous‘ Tree Brand cutlery made by the H. Boker Company. Best razor steel, brass lined, outwear a half dozen of the ordinary

large and small blade. Fully guaranteed. Ask for Premium No. 167. kind. A81: for Premium No. 102'





   





 





 





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SEPT: 7, 1912.





VVVVVV'YY'vVvVVVYVV'YYV—Y





l FARMERS’ CLUBS

MAW

OFFICERS OF THE STATE ASSOCIA-

TION OF FARMERS' CLUBS.





President—J. D. Leland, Corunna.

Vice-President—D. M Morrison, St.





 





Johns.



Secretary-Treasurer—Mrs. C. P. John-

son, Metamora.



Directors—C. L. Wright, Caro; E. W.

Woodruff, Blanchard; C. P. Johnson,

Metamora; . . W. Chamberlain, White

Lake; Wm. T. Hill, Carson City; Jerry





Spaulding, Balding.





Address all communications relative to

the organization of new Clubs to Mrs. C.

P, Johnson, Metamora, Mich.





Associational Motto.—

The skillful hand, with cultured mind,

is the farmer’s most valuable asset.





ASSOciatlonal Sentiment.—

The farmer, he garners from the soil

the primal wealth of nations.

INTERESTING THE YOUNG PEOPLE

IN FARMERS' CLUB WORK.





 





 





At the conference of the local Club

workers, which is made a feature of the

annual meeting of the State Association

of Farmers’ Clubs each year, it is a.

very common thing to hear the delegates

from many local Clubs say that one diffi-

culty which is experienced in the Clubs

which they represent is in getting the

young people- interested in the work. If

one were to investigate. the causes which

led up to the disbanding of the few

Farmers’ Clubs which have not developed

into permanent organizations it would

doubtless be found that one prime cause

of their failure to survive the first few

years of existence was due to this very

thing—inability to get the young people

of the community interested in the Club

work. '



“'hile this proposition has not been of

such a serious nature in most Farmers'

Clubs as to endanger the prosperity of

the Club greatly, to say nothing of its

very existence, it is still a fact that

comparatively few of the local Clubs in

the state have improved their opportu—

nity along this line to anywhere near the

limit of its possibilities. Yet there are

a few examples of Clubs in which the

young people have been interested in the

work to a more than ordinary extent,

and we believe that if these examples

could be brought prominently before more

members throughout the state that they

would be emulated in other organizations

of the kind.



In a few Clubs, for instance, the at—

tempt to interest the- young people has

been carried so far as to bring about the

organization of a. Junior Farmers’ Club,

an organizatiOn which is conducted by

the young people themselves, with. of

course, some help and advice from the

older and more experienced members.

The organization of‘one such junior

Farmers” Club was reported in a recent

issue. This movement should result in

making the Farmers' Club work an edu-

cational work which will accomplish not a

little good in any community where it is

effcciively carried out.



.There are, however. many ways in

which the young people can be interest-

ea in Club work without the formation

of a new organization for them. Take.

for instance,- the Farmers’ Club Fair. The

young people could be given a depart—

ment in this feature meeting, or it might

be turned over to a committee of them

whose duty it; would be to make all ar—

rangements for the holding of the fair,

secure and place exhibits, etc. If this

were done the result would be a surprise

to the older Club members in many cas-

es. and in quite a few cases it is not un—

likely that the. result would be a better

Club fair than any which had preceded it.

ceded it. ,



Likewise where institute meetings, or

other special meetings are held during;r

the winter season, the arrangement of

the entertainment program might well

be left to a committee of young people,

and in many similar ways the young peo-

pic of any Club community could be in-

terested in the organization, and thus

new blood introduced which would help

materially in adding to the interest 01’

the meetings and the succeSS and perma-

money of the organizatiOn.



The older members of any Farmers’

Club ShOuId not forget that this is the

day of accomplishment by young people

and that by interesting the young people

of the community in the Farmers’ Club

work they themselves will receive a ben-

efit which Would not-otherwise accrue to





them through the advanced ideas which

the young people would bring into the

discussions. The proposition of interest-

ing the young people in Farmers’ Club

work is well worth while. The sugges-

tions above given are but a few among

many which might be advanced. If a

few of the leaders in any Farmers' Club

will but give this subject serious consid-

eration there will be little difficulty in in-

teresting the young people in the work to

an extent which will be more beneficial

to all, and which will do more than any

other one thing to perpetuate the organ-

izatiOn in which the effort is made. be-

sides increasing its immediate value to

the community in which it exsts.





[Edam





 





 





Our Motto—~“The farmer is of more

consequence than the farm, and should be

first improved.”





THE SEPTEMBER PROGRAMS.





State Lecturer's Suggestions for First

Meeting.



Opening songs.



Are the Michigan Development Bureaus

helping or harming this section of the

state? How?



Dialect song.





\Vhat treatment of the meadow gives

best results?



The Referendum vote as proposed at

State Grange. 1911.





Instrumental music.

Book review, by a woman.

Character song, ”Mary Ann,"

of Equal Suffrage Committee.

Current events in Equal Suffrage cir—

cles

Refreshments. “My

treat," furnished by the





A STATE UNION OF RURAL FORCES.





in charge





wife's favorite

husbands.





organization of organizations—in

other words, a Country Trust, if you so

please to call it, this is what results

when all the forces working in one way

or another for the betterment of life in

the open are brought into two—operative

relations. Such a “trust" grows out of

the present tendency to inquire into the

conditions and stimulate progress among

folks—iii this case, country folks.



A state meeting of this kind was re-





An





cently hold at DeKalb, Illinois. It was

a significant affair in several ways. For

one thing, it, being the second annual





of its kind, was better than its first;

which indicates it is growing in the right





direction. Sometimes these new things

prove to be fads with no more staying

quality than a mushroom. Not so this

second “Illinois Federation for Country

Life Progress." It was decidedly bigger,

better and brighter than a year ag-I

when it was started. For another thing,

its tone was more coniidcut, its place in

the work of the stale more assured. For





a third reason this meeting was signifi-

cant—it brought in the farmers them-

selves, besidcs country school teachers,

rural ministers and editors. During the

first morning I observed a good many

:arm men and women—though fewer

women—filing into the room in squads of

four to six. At noon the big autos lined

up beside the walks told the story of

how these farm folks came in; and later

in the day I caught a message passing

from lip to lip that next day 20 auto

loads might be expected from a. county

70 miles distant.



That is ruml getting—together by mod-

ernizing methods. There were no more

interesting features of this Illinois meet-

ing than whtn one after another “ordi—

nary" farmer told of his community--

how its neighborhood spirit had been in-

stilled and cultivattd and local institu-

tions built up thereby. One of these was

“Rock Creek Community,” another was

“Clear Creek Community,” still another

was “DuPage Community,” and so on—~

all making the- term “community” in-

stinct with new possibilities to one not

used to hearing it spoken with such evi-

dent locnl pride. For instance, one farm—

er with stereopticon pictures showed 1.3

how a little country church had been the

nucleus of a virlle “community" life; how

a} manse had been built beside the

church and of how the people accepted

“0 Dastor who would not cast his lot

and live among them. He told how im—

proved roads, an enlarged school, play

days, lecture courses and such accompan-

iments of a contented and social commu-

nity life had followed as a natural con-

sequence of this get-together spirit.



And so Illinois has thus undertaken to

strengthen its rural forces by federating

them in an organization that meets once

a year. Michigan has not done this;

therefore we may well look over into





THE MICHIGAN FARMER.‘





‘Illinois and ask what it expects of this





movement. ‘Its aim is to stimulate and

direct all its country organizations to-

ward definite ideals in rural prcgress. It

hopes that the leaders in these various

organizations by conferring together will

learn of one another and the work of

each be strengthened accordingly. The

farm home, rural church, country school,

Grange, Farmer's Club, farmer's in‘sti~

tute. county Y. M. C. A. and Y. W. C.

A., the traveling library. the agricultural

press, and all other organizations funda-

mentally interested in the welfare of

country life are eligible to membershlp

in the federation.



Some of the specific purposes of this

union of country life forces are:





1. To hold large annual Country Life





Conferences and inaugurate a. state—wide '





campaign for rural progress.



2. To get all the rural organizations

and institutions of the state working to-

gether in a harmonious manner in such

a campaign.



3. To stimulate farmer leadership.



4. To study and investigate farm life





conditions so as to get truthful facts

with which to work.

5. To foster the upbuilding of local





 





 





country communities.



The programs at these meetings have}

dealt with concrete things. First, a de-jl

finite community ideal was set up in or- f

dcr that all might get a vision of neigh«

borhood possibilities. Seuuul~and fat"

the bulk of the time was (ll-voted to this

—~ concrete examples given of how strum",r

rural communities hth‘ actually been

built up. Each Story of gcnlliue accom-

plishment in a neighborhood was told by

a resident of the community dcscribcd,

perhaps a progressive farmer or his

daughter, or a preacher. teacher, farm





institute worker. or an officer in a

Grange. All of these were stories with

I‘Od blood in them. They recorded diffi—





culties and indifferent-es such as every—

one meets who tries to do some-thing for

the public but in the end each

community story was a tale of triumph

over obstacles and of a people grown in—

to better farmers, happier neighbors and

more efficient citizens. in every one of

these concrete accounts of how country

communities had been built up, the per-

sonal element stood out. In every in-

stance there was someone who took the

initiatch, who went to the people per—

sonally and brought them together by

some common bond of interest. Some-

times it was through the church need,

sometimes through the child at school;

sometimes it was a piccc of particularly

infamous country road, sometimes acrop

failure that was made the point of con—

tact.



Besides the slorics of things beingdflnc

in local neighborhoods, there wcrc thrill—

ing tales of rural activities on larger

scales, as in a county, state or over the

nation. Prof. TV. D. Third, of Massachu-

setts, told how his state is planning to

spend $50.0th in taking the knowledge

and cxpcriencc of its agricultural college





gnmlf





out to the people upon their farms. Mr.

B. F. Harris, a banker-farmer. said

bankers dealt every day with farmers,





and it is the duty and privilege, and 1s

getting to he the pleasure, of bankers to

help in every movement for public wel-

fare, therefore the business men and

farmers of DeKalb county have hired a

consulting expert to help solve their ag-

ricultural problems. Prof. O. .T. Kern.

of Illinois, told, with eloquent photo

slides, how, gradually over his county,

school grounds are being beautificd.

schoolhouses made more. homelike and

children are growing more appreciative

of their surroundings. Edward J. \‘i'ard,

of ll'isconsin. told his experience in us—





ing the Schoolhouse as a men’s club

house. Dr. H. TV. Wiley presented the

relation of pum fund to public health,





while Dr. Warren H. Wilson, of Presby-

terian department of church and country

life. delivered his powerful appcal in be-

halt‘ of the church of the open country.



Each of these state programs for rural

progress in Illinois have so far becn held

at one of the Stite Normals during its

summer session in order to reach teach-

ers of country schools in large numbers.

A carefully prepared exhibit, showing ef-

fects of community effort, formed a strik-

ing adjunct to each meeting.





This scant review of what a sister state

is doing to assist country neighborhoods

is made simply in order to raise the

question: “Do we not need more of this

sort of getting together in country mat-

ters in Michigan?"



JENNIE BUELL.



Have you read page 202?.

fall to do so at once.





 





If not don't





 





(3h





20:3





You Ought to Buy

Rouge Rex

Shoes





This is the verdict of all who

have tried them, and we have

the personal testimonials of many

Michigan Farmers on this point.



There are good reasons for this.



You cannot get; a more economi-

cal shoe than Rouge Rex Shoes.

You may get some for less money,

but they haven’t the quality that

is maintained in Rouge Rex Shoes,

for few shoes are made under so

favorable conditions.



1 We operate our own tanner-y,

the leather beixu.r made expressly

for Rouge Rex Shoes.



2 Our slmc factory is within a

stone’s throw of the tannery,

freight charges on leather thus be-

ing eliminated.



3 The entire plant is located in

a small town, just outside the city,

Where taxes, insurance, and all

other expenses are at; the lowest

possible point.



Then, these shoes are sold direct

by us to your dealer, Where they

are open to your most rigid exami-

nation, so when you buy Rouge

1ch Shoes you know just what

you are getting—no “pig in a

poke” deal about it as when buy—

ing shoes by mail—and when you

carry them homc you know you

have just what you paid for, and

that they fit.



The trade-mark here illustrated

is a guarantee of the superior qual-

ity of Rouge liex Shoes.



Get into a pair and see how they

wear; they are \Volvcrine Leather,

well put together.



They are made right, they fit

right, and they wear right.



Ask your dealer for them.

WV rite us if he does not, have them,





giving us his name.

H l R T H=





 





 





 





K RAU S B

CO.





Hide to Shoe

Tanners {'97 Shoe

Manufacturers

Grand Rapids

Michigan





 





 





 





 





INVESTMENTS





Are the only kind we ofier. We

sell no. speculative securities of

any kind—nothing but high-

grade





Munici a] Bonds





11mm 0 them Tax-Free





The same kind which the [1.5. Gov'ln't

and) good enough as security for





Postal Bank Deposits

3:11;! li‘isisteadtfif the 2* the Postal

Bonds 533 rr§734% to 5%

‘ ' 7‘ Writefor Free Circular

New First Nat’l Bank. Dgt. 4 Columbus, 0.





 





 





 





 





 





CEDAR POSTS FOR SALE '





CARR & BARRETT. Merritt. Michigan:

button the Haitian Farmr when with; advertisers
Eric} Smashing Sale-Greatest





PRICES





Send us Today Your Complete List

of Lumber and Building Materials

for Our FREIGHT PAID PRICES.





 





Q





Inoormel

ILUMBERI





1.



Lumber Prices S-m-a-s-h-e-d

\ Yes, we mean smashed. Absolutely

busted to pieces. That‘s our policy. We quote

,pl'lces on lumber that will positively save

you big money.. If you will send your lum-

_‘_w,ber_ bill we w111_ send you a freight paid

- :j'estimate that Will mean a saving to you

:of from 30% to 50%. Every stick is abso-



,. lutcly first class, brand new and fully up-to-





 





 





 





 





 





1”;





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





. . * grade such as you would b t

' ‘ house in the United State‘s].y mm any reputable

We have determined that the Fall _ .



[lug Door at 98c





of1012.is going to be the Banner

Lot MWF‘SS' panel





Your in our great lumber de )art‘



nicnt. We have on hand Z).000,000 ,

painted door. Size 2 ft.

h ln.x6 ft. 6 in.





 





feet of high-grade lumber suitable

for the constructionofBuildings. no

matter for what purpose intended

me to our great yards in Chl-

cago and let us show you this stuil’

actually in stock. No other con-

cern in the world has a more com-

Elete stock of everything needed to

uild. whether Lumber. Shingles.

Structural Iron. Plumbin . Eeat- '

ing. Doors or anything e so that

on may need. Do you know that

umber is getting scarcer and

scarcer every year? Yet our prices



are lowest’and will continue so until

our stock is gone. WRITE TODAY. Bargains in Mill-

work Building Ma-





Shlngles at Big Savlng terial otau kinds.

-———- — —-— ———- including Paints.



We have lumbing. Heat-

aspecial ing. Structural





 

 





 





Free Building Book





A ZOO-page Book of





 

 





lo t of Iron. Metal and

5'09; . 2 9ompifisitioln Root-

0 ng. ar ware.

Common Carpenter’s a n d a-.."





 





Blacksmith's Tools. Wire Fencing.

No prospective builder should be

without it. It Is Free.





Clear Shingles Coming in, on which

we are making an exceptionally low price

of $2.47. Other grades at lowest prices.





 





BARB WIRE Less Than _2_g ffl' Rod





New galvanized. heavy weight barb wire. put “2%

on reels about 100 lbs. to the reel. Lot 2-AD-

" ~ pcr 1001139. 51.95. Galvanized barb Wire. light

3' weight, first grade. best made. put up exactly 80

rods to reel. 2-point barbs. Lot 2~AD~28. per ml. $1.40.





   





10.000 kegs. utn 100 lbs. to the keg mixed. all kinds to-

geAtiifé-g regillzllr narils. such as made by nail factories. Lot





W

. price per keg. $1.50. 1.000 kegs of 10. )enny.-



weight reizular mm wire nails. 100 lbs, to the keg. while they my

last. per keg, $1.85. Write for our free Wire and Fence ..

Catalog. Gives valuable information to any land owner. W

Fill in the coupon below. w '





Smooth Galvanized Wire l_’_e_l_‘ 1_09 Hrs; $1.2





- It is suitable for fences. stay wires. grape vines or for any

' ordinary purpose where Wire is used. 'lhls alvanized r'w1re

is irregular in length—it ranges anywhere tom 50 to 200 ft.





/. $1.25 is our price for No. 388M88- Other sizes in proportion.





15c'Per Rod Buys Best Hog Fencing





Here is another one of. our remar abl

bar ains. A hi h grade. strictly eri‘ect

ma 6 of No. 9. f1 and 1‘). wires. per ectly

for hogs ling general ifarm .gimposemeflirgfié

s uare mes . ut u n sin a 8 Biz ‘ . ,

29AD-3], price leer told 15c. Other heightsin proportion. Staples. 100le- $1.75.





~...o





 





 





 

 

 

 





 





Fill in This Cannon





CHICAGO HOUSE WBECKING 00. .

351h&lronSts., Dept. P 42 Chicago.





Please send me without any obligation .on

my part and free of cost full information

regarding these sub] ects,





 





Also send me free of cost the following catalogs.

(Place an X mark in square opposlte catalogs you desire)





1000 Page Catalog

Plan Bookof Houses& Barns





a cent down.





 





----------------------------------------------- l Our Great Fall of 1912 Offer



You can order a. complete carload of

material including everything you need

to construct a building and we will

ship it forward to you





 





EXPLANATION





ONSIDER what becomes of the stock of goods when



a. .manufacturer. jobber or big retail merchant



es bankru )t, or “busted" as the saying goes. ;_In



- 8 year 19 1 ten thousand merchants met With



financial distress—that’s why the Chicago House Wreck-



ing 00. exists. If the stocks oil'ered are sufficiently large,



if the goods are new. clean and desirable. they find their



way naturally to our 40 acre (plant for distribution. at a



small added profit to our hun reds of thousands of custo-

mers. who. in this way get wonderful bargains.



In many cases our prices do not represent the original

cost of production. There is not another concern on earth

that can meet our prices, simply'because no other con-

cern has the buying and economical distributing fuelli-

ties which we enjoy. It is only natural therefore. that

we have become known us “Price Wreckers".





Where Your Dollar Does Double Duty





Every time you'buy from us your dollar takes on. an

increased pure lasing power. ’9 are the safety_ valve

between the public and high prices. We recognize no

Trusts or Associations—our methods are along original and

uni ue lines. We are not ploddere—we are merchants in

the ullest meaning of the word. and the wise public have

not been slow in realizing our position in the world.



Our great plant at 35th and Iron Sts. is a Mecca for

the en is of Chicago and surrounding country. Thou-

san so visitors from every part of the country make a

yearly pilgrimage to our institution. and buy their yearlg

supplies. Are you getting all the benefit that you shoul

from this excellent opportunity? We urge you to learn

more about the wonders of our plant. and the opportuni-

ties that we afford when on deal with us. You ct full

value for your money. T ere is nothing fancifu about

our methods-we are Just straight. clean business men.





WE SELL PRACTICALLY EVERYTHING





Our stock includes practically “everything under the

sun". It's in truth. from a needle to 8.1.0ifolp0tlve. No

matter what your vocation. or what position in life you

occupy. or what your business. or how great a merchant you

are. on have use for us. and we have the goods that you

can hay from us to a decided advantage. The quicker

you learn to recognize this fact. the sooner you will be



‘putting money in your pocket '.



Our stock includes Building Material. Lumber. Roof-

ing. Sash. Doors. MillworkJWire and Fencing, Hardware.

Plumbing Material Heatin Apparatus and Supplies.

Furniture. Household Goods. ugs. Stoves and everything

needed to furnish or equip‘yqur home. your club or hotel.

It includes Groceries. Clothing. Dry Goods. Boots and

Shoes. Furnishing Goods and every single article to clothe

a' man. woman or chi] . t includes Sporting Goods.

Fishing Tackle Hunting Outfit Tents. Guns. Harness

and Vehicles. Jewelry Sewmg achines. Clocks; 'also

structural iron needed in the construction of buildings.

bridges. etc. Machinery. gasoline. gas and electric power

outfits. In fact you cannot think of a single manufac-

tured article that we cannot supply you at a savmg in

price. Let us convince you—it means but little effort on

your part to prove the truth of all we say. Write us today

for our Catalogue andliterature. Fill in the coupon

shown below.





 





PECIAL SAI. ‘

Money Down





You can buy a col-load of Building Material iron: us without paying .us one

cent in advance. All we want to know is that the money Will be paid no as

soon as the material is received, unloaded and checked up.





more liberal than any one else offers.





without your paying us





 





Our terms are





Write y: 22- Our liberal Terms





You are safe when you deal with us. Our

capital stock is $2,000,000.00 and 20 years of

honest dealing have earned a. place for usm

the public confidence that is unquestioned.





in World’s Histoni!





 





 





 





l WIRE and FENCINGI

[BUILDING MATERIAL |





iii M t ' i

$698 flit... iiisaiiziifo





Thls lo Our House No. 6A.



A beautiful up-to-date full 2 story 7

rooms and bath. home. Has been sold

over 400 times. Copied and imitated all

over the U. 8.. but our price and goal-

ity cannot be equaled. The price is

easily 25% to 50% below local dealer's prices.



immediate shipment right from on]: Chicago

stocks where you can come and see it loaded.

N ONEY DOWN. $2.00 buysperfect

Blue Print Plans. complete. specifications and

detailed descri tlve material llst,,Wlth a re- 'va _

fund of $1.60i you do not like them. our "0“,. No. 8A.





ORIGINAL ME'ruons Special Information





We are the originators of a lolsf you‘eln'fgng bgghiins. ton will;

system of selling practically com- 0,1399% “VJ,“ youwaniusfie





plete Houses direct to the con- will answer you promptly and ive

sumer. at a great savmg. on valuable information regar ing

We eliminate all in-between uildins- Send routs}: pencil sketch





. ~ ~ showin the kind 0 ones on want.

profits. We sell and ship direct We will [snake you . mm“ W‘f'mfl“ that

to you from our own stocks. Will save you big money on material neces-





sar to build same. Eve stick first class.

Great care and Study has been l on intend to make lmrxyirovements write





given all our Plans. Economy is us w at they are. and we willbaipyouéonvo

the watch-word both in materials “my 0“ W‘“ Pumhues- ,.



anilivconsit‘rluction- N 1.0 s 9.!!! FREE Book of Plans

—0 fl —2 —8 Our Book of Planp '



”0 Waste contains 100 Desi us of



Our Binding Guarantee both dings Everything from





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 





as to quality and quantity goes 31240-1315 in?nne3°k‘ili‘3i‘8§

With every sale. .1 room residence.





Write us for letters from people in onset! Ire completely

your vicinity who have bought from Ill::¥‘$?c:g°mg ‘33: “_

us. We have thousands of unsolicit- 5.0.1.; plumbing 33““.

ed testimonials. paint. etc. And'it's free.





 





Smash Go ROOFING PRICES





 





Galvaniz





   





.i‘

,l

i





 





   





l





 





 





ed Steel Roofing is Fire, Water and lightning Proof



1 i We bought 20,000 s uares of



n this Corru ated Ii-onalioofinf. 2 5



which Dweo or at this remarkab I



low price. It is new. perfect. an —

first-class. but light weight. The

sheets ar022x24 in. x 1% in. corru~



gated. Our xérice of $1.25 per sq. is DOI‘ 10° Oll- It.



. Swill. carsi hicagtclil.i it buy: boot



on or ern s em s cc-



_ ify an No. AD-loo. This s pnot “'d ”“1"“



. galvanized.butblacksteelroofin . .



Write us today for our special FREIGH PREPAID PRICES

on new. galvanized roofing. We are oflering prices lower than ever be-

fore altered in the roofing business. Galvanized roofing at $2.50 per

3 uare and up. Ask for free samples.



9 can furnish anything needed in Roofing. Siding or Ceiling.

75 CENTS PER 108 SQUARE FEET BUYS BEST

RUBBER sunnlcrn “AJAX” noonlvc



Here again we show the lowest ric e

for roofing of quillit . .This smooth sur aces 13336;; kggyrg

oflerlng is our one-p ‘Ajax" brand. and the rice fncludefl

necessary cement an caps to lay it: and at th s remarkably

low price. we pay the lrol ht In lull to any oint East. of

Kansas and ebraska and orth ot the Ohio lllver. Prices

1.0 other points on a plicatlon.



We will also furnis 2-91! at 900. 3-ply at $1.05. This “Ajax"

roofing is guaranteed to wear as long and give as good ser-

vice as any Ready Rubber Sui-faced Rooting on the market.



It is put up in rolls of 108 square feet. and contains 3 to 4

pieces 0 the roll.



We have other grades of Ready Roofing. which we offer





at rices easily 30 per cent below regular not t’

today for free samples and Roofing Oatalgg. Filllglillé «lowing?





LOW-Page Catalog FREE!





Greatest of all bar ain books is cu

Wonderful “Price Wrecker". It is a book. (gt-1%

ages, With wonderful illustrations. andwith clear

rank statements explaining exactly the nature of

the goods we have for sale. and quotes them at the

Lliigfiiggll-{il’gg parcels. It is‘a book of real mer-

s— e s on t



.you cannot misunderstand us. factssoplalnly that

Our business is founded on truth and virtue.

9 want satisfied customers—we

need you every dafi‘in our business, we

t‘i‘énlgzéigatifi mitt? 38.? 'h“ ‘lil’

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rent 1 "

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then I is time for you to get busy. all

day to send you this won or-

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Building Material

Roofing, Siding and Ceiling

Wire and Fencing





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5:3 guys Complete BATllTll-E





This is a white enameled. cast iro

one-piece. heavy roll rim bathtub: fitted wi



..- . test style nickel-

latod trimmi ,including





loted connected

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pea. I s on‘ .n I anon



giswuthonoodl m. Lot surf-i





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Plans on

2:153:53: or install





Millator Heating Plants l_r:l-n m an! Fittin s Rugs at75c





 





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. oil water and conveyance x notes-R . I 27x

3 are 000 Mawnrm of. 'quid's; ‘ o s— to in h fine a

nirheguu‘plant'lo?o enough for our price on ls-llf]. 540338ch i5 m





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a), ”dim 5 room ouso. With all inch a 4c per oot. Oomplot complete genus Catolo . n for free copy of urFun-

complete in- stock of valves and fittings. Bond % labial color- and de- nltu who]: am



no. 101134500. us your specifications. Inc Cal-8'10“?“ H





 





FURNITURE.





— We are the World’s ’



We bought at New York H_sad uartero for the 03%

Auction an enormous stock of ti o lyour homo. Club. lode!

be in random lengths high a, rand new rugs or ote . from the very latest

couplings, suitable and floor cove o 76 buys to the finest. An ”Bertram

54in. of. ousehold Goods and ov -

o 0 our ynoney- tin such as will be fonndk



for o 9 or institution in the





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





My Name is



My Address in °' “y

County can.



R_ R P. 0, Bus





 





CHICAGO? HOUSE WREOKING, COMPANY 35"."





 





 





CHICAGO