\\\\ \\\\t‘ ax ¢/4¢// 1 /////,7//// ,,/y/ The Only Weekly Agricultural, Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State. lv‘iialecli‘fitb’if'é‘n, i DETROIT, MICH., SATURDAY, FEB. 22, 1913. §500ENT5AYEAR- $2 FOR 5 YEARS. 'The Evolution of the Farm- House ‘ ERHAPS no farm problem is of lowed it on the same farm, a typical cord with modern ideas. Also the mod— houses, thus removing this problem from greater interest or importance to Bl” J0 elmoanqom pug ezis U! BIdeXO 'erii housewife has found the care of a. the home. All these influences have the average farmer than the farm ‘t‘arm houses of that period. big house an arduous task and the diffi- contributed to the further evolution of building problem. This was the first In more recent years the general ad- culty of securing help in the hOuse has the farm house, with the result that the problem which confronted the pioneer vaiice in the prices for building material yearly become greater. Likewise labor prescnt tendency is toward decidedly .."{s“€t.~'aer. It has proven an equally im- as, well as skilled labor have made the conditions have changed so that it is smaller, but much better (‘qllippctl farm .‘3’li3'iportant problem and perhaps a more large. house an expensive proposition, 08- more expedient to employ married men houses. (if course. many who can afford difficult one to solw‘ for those who have pecially if finished and equipped in ac- on the farm and house them in tenant them still build big followed the pioneer settler and reaped such a large. measure of the fruits of -‘ his labor. The pioneer found the mate- rials for his work right at hand, and his skill in \\'()()(l('l‘tlfl enabled him to fashion the rough but homclike and hospitable , , dwolling of logs, and a rude stable of the same material which would answer a temporary purpose for the sheltering of his stock. His was a problem of econ- omy, rather than of economicst He must needs be satisfied with comforts, rather than seek luxuries or even con- veniences and with picturesque, rather than modern landscape scenic effects. His problem, other than the gaining of , an independent livelihood for himself and family, 'as the clcaring of fertile farm lands for those who would follow him, rather than that of equipping them with farm houses. btit iiany of the same class do not, and thcrc seems little room for doubt that the tcndcncy of tlic futurc. as of the present, will bc toward smaller. but more complete and bcttcr equipped from homes of a more attractive style of architcc- lure. Rural Architecture. in the matter of arcliitel-tuic thcrehas also been a very markcd evolution in the farm houses of Michigan. The massive simplicity of thc cariicr perniancnt farm homes of the statc izzch ]iiilt‘t' to a. craze for promiscumis ornamentation which happily soon passcd. )Ioi'c rcccntly the bungalow and cottage types of houses haVc come in vogue and many att‘aclive effects have liccn secured, as cvidcnced by the attractive (lratiot county home showii in the acconipanying illustration permanent buildings. Hence he made ; , ‘ and the two houses shown on page 219. few mistakes in this direction, but ac~ . , K . In the transitory stages of Him] arcin— o u I 3, ) . complished well the taSk before him, i _ )7 ' '~ 1 tccturo thci'c liat'c been many illlt‘l'lllf‘tli- ate typcs in which too little attention was given to appearance, but there is a. gcncral tcndcncy toward a rcturii to sub- stantial simplicity in rural z'licliitccture in Mithigan which is most cncouraging since, this style is most adaptable to leaving the final solution of the perma- "nent building I,,..,},p.m 1mm he “mm 8f- A Typical Log House of Pioneer Days— Boyhood Home of Apollos Long, Eaton Co. ford to cope with it or, as was more ‘ ‘ often the case, for those who followed him. to soch. The Evolution of the Farm House. But the evolution of the farm house in Michigan ’as rapid. Lumbcr of the best quality was one of the principal natural resources of the state and small brick plants were to be found on some farm adjacent to many small villages through- out' the southern portion of the state. XVith cheap materials at hand, and with an appreciation of roomy houses born of the discomforts and privations of the log cabin, the permanent homes which followed the log houses of pioneer days Were generally as large as their builders could well afford. and the class of farm homes which Were built up in Michigan were as a conSequence far better than country surroundings, is less cxpe-nsive in construction and is more permanently satisfactory in appearance. \\'c would say. thcn, and wc lwlicve adviscdly, that thcrc has bet-n a more rapid and satisfactory eVolution of the farm house in Michigan than has been the casc in any other section of the county. But while this evolution has bcen rapid and the results have. on the whole, been satisfactory, there is still plenty of room for improvement. espe— cially in the matter of equipment for convenience and sanitation in the aver- age, farm lionic-~-»t‘actors which are more to be desired than even plcasing appear— ~. those which are common in other states ancc. Yet a desirable combination of , whose agriculture was developed during comfort, convenience and appearance the same period. The style of architec- should be sought in planning the farm tecture was largely that house. The necd for found on the more ‘ ; . . , .‘ ‘ .~ , . , . . . development alongthese prosperous farms 0f lincs has bct'nrecognich the eastern states. par- by the government, and ticularly New York, the Dcpartnn-nt of Ag— from which state very ifculturc has recently many of our Michigan been seeking for a ru- pioneers came. As a rat architect with the , consequence, these old l'I‘ODer qualitications to but Substantial and take the lc'id in gov- , capacious farm houses, ernment: work along this line. Assistance tron) var— wheu slighlty remodel— ed and equipped with modern conveniences. are easily converted in- to up-to-date country homes, and fortunate indeed, is the possessor Of a farm upon-which the permanent home was constructed during that period of cheap mate-rial and old-fash— ioned architecture. The first two of the ac— companying illustra- tions aptly illustrate this transformation in Michigan farm homes, the first being the or- ious sources is often sought in the planning of a farm house by \t those who contemplate building a. permanent home. Very often these requests are for specific plans instead of gen- eral suggestions. This is approaching the problem from a wrong angle. It is a far bet- ter plan to get ideas from . a l 1 available sources. but the details of the plan j should . conform to the special iginal' log cabin on an ‘ ., needs of the family, In Eaton countyh farm and __. . ,. . ' - . . harmonizing the ideas the second t e perma- ‘ I thus gained and the " ne‘nt home which fol- Modern and Attractive Farm Home of E. E. Ferris. Gratlot 00-: Typical 0' Modern Rural Architecture. desired features Of a . were r' ' “be"! - .WWW‘: semmmvwm m“ 213-52 specific plan, it will generally pay to seek professional advice from a compe- tent architect, or at least from an expe- rienced builder. The‘ house which is to be used for a home is a permanent in- vestment, and it is far more profitable to avoid mistakes. in building than to save the fee for professional advice of this kind. It is worth while to devote considerable time to thought and study in planning the house which is to be a permanent home. It is a very common thing for people to find that they have made mis- takes in building which could have been avoided by greater care in studying the plans before the building was made. It is also best to have the plan which is adopted a complete one. The old cus- tom of building a part of the permanent home with the intention of adding room later is not in accordance with the mod- ern idea of architecture ‘or with the planning of the home for the greatest comfort and convenience. Hence, the plan should be complete. and if necessary to bring it within the sum which one desires to put into a permanent home it is better to build on a smaller scale and yet have the home complete than to start on a more elaborate scale and be unable to complete the job at once. After the plnnis finally decided upon a draft should be made on a definite scale which the builder can follow in every detail. This will avoid misunderstand- ings and dissatisfacioh and will be bet- ter both for the owner and the builder. Some Desirable Features which Should be included. In building a permanent home on the form there are a number of very desir- able features which should, if possible, be included. Plans should be made- for a supply of water in the house, both cold and hot, and provision should he made for a bathroom which can now be equip- ped at a moderate cost and should be considered as it necessity rather than a luxury in every permanent home. in this connection some provision for sewage disposal should he made, the septic tank being the least expensive and best suited to farm conditions since adequate it ‘can he constructed with home labor and at small cost. Perhaps the next in order would be a heating plant which should be installed in the basement, provided it can be af- forded at all. as nothing will add so much comfort to the home at a similar cost. in addition to this the open fireplace odds to both comfort and appearance and serves a good purpose in properly venti- lating the living rooms. Also an ade- quate lighting plant of some kind should be planned for in the future. if it can- not be installed at once. In view of the fact that we are now living in the elec- trical age and that the water powers of our state are being rapidly developed for the purpose of generating electricity to be distributed through the state, it is probable that electric current will be available in almost all parts of the state for lighting purposes within a few yearS. It would be the part of wisdom to wire new houses for electric lights since the expense of roughing in this wiring in an ordinary sized house is only about $20 when the house is being built, and will cost many times that if done at a later period. in case electricity is not soon distributed commercially in the neigh- borhood. it may be desirable to install a. home plant for the generation of the current at a litter date, hence the Wis- dom of wiring the house when building. These plants are now a practical success and can be purchased at a reasonable price. There are many other minor features of home planning which will suggest themselves to housewives as items of convenience. which space will not per- mit us to enumerate here. Material. Undoubtedly the future will see as great an evolution in the matter of ma- terial used for building farm houses as the past has seen in other features! of farm homes. It is probable, however. that in the near future WOOd will con- tinue to be the principal building mate— rial as it has been in the past. Gradu- ally, however, more permanent construc- tion will be used and cement will be more generally used either in solid or stucco plastered designs. But even though it is not essential to here discuss the type of material used, a word with regard to its quality will not be out of place. The quality of the siding used, forinstance, should be such as to insure that-the paint‘ will adhere to it permanently and thus preserve the wood and promote the good appearance THE MICHIGAN FARMER of the hohse. The material used in'the interior should likewise be of a nature to prove permanentlly satisfactory. Hard- wood floors for .the main living rooms and well finished floors of southern pine, where these are not necessary, should be a feature of the plan in every perma- nent farm home, since they save much labor in the care (if the house and add not a little .to its appearance and com- fort. The lumber in these floors should be of good quality as should also that of the interior finish. The cost of good mas terial is a little more, but the cost of working it is less and a comparatively small increase in the investment required by the use of first-class material will be more than repaid in the added satisfac- tion given. Likewise the roofing material, whatever it is, should be of first-class qutality and the porches and steps should be of permanent construction, preferably 'of concrete. There are many other features of the farm home which could be profitably dis- cussed did space permit. It must suffice however, to impress upon the reader that the problem is an individual one in every caseand that ideas are at a premium in this as in every other field of human endeavor. Consequently every man who is centemplating the building of a per- manent home upon the farm shoulld cul- tivate ideas with regard to both the gen- eral plan and the details of construction. always with a view to fitness of design to the needs of the family and the size of the investment which can be afforded. REPAIRING AND BUILDING FOR THE FUTURE. When repairing or building it should be done from the“ standpoint of 10 or 20 years or perhaps longer, as well as that of the present, and while there are many things about the future of farm houses that cannot be foreseen, it is possible to build wisely and with an eye t0 the fu- ture, and still save some money. Especially where a farmer must be economical, the plans should be carefully scrutinized, and before the foundation is laid he should be sure he is getting the very best for his money now. and build- ing a house that will take kindly to fu- ture improvements. Beginning with the foundation, it is never well to have it low. Our ancestors wanted warm cellars, so they crowded the house close to the- ground, making the cellars, dark, damp and unwholet- some. Now we appreciate sunlight and air in our basements, and they are more like first stories than cellars. They are more easily drained. and con- sequently more healthful; they can be kcpt clean easier. and they ht’ve the merit of being more easily reached. Many of the new form houses, where the lay of the ground permits, have wide doors to the basements opening on a level with the ground. and some are so arranged that later they can be used to store automobiles in in the winter. Though the farmers do not now own cars, they realize that the time may soon come when it will be the chapest way of getting over the ground, and while build— ing they are arranged for the future. Nearly every farmer knOWs the value of arranging the basement for a heating plantl, whether he can afford to put in one when he first builds or not. For this reason he constructs one large fine and makes it do duty for practically the whole house. It is possible to arrange a. beautiful and convenient farm-house with one large chimney for all needs, and when the purse of the family will allow it, the heating plant may be quickly and easily installed. If the farmer knows what style of heater he wants, he can go still further and make provisions for eas- ily putting in hot water or hot air con- ductors~at least he can plan where they will go—and make provisions for his plumbing at the same time. The day is not far distant when every farm house will have the bath, heating and lighting plant; so every new house should be planned with an eye to putting in these conveniences as cheaply 'as possible. For a trifling sum any farmer can put water in his kitchen, and it is also pos- sible to arrange a temporary heating tank for water without spending much money. Until the bathroom can be fitted up—and a room designed for this pur- pose should be arranged for in every new house—the temporary heater will be a. great convenience. With water in the kitchen, the objection to the high porch and steps which the high foundation nec- essitates, is largely abolished. If the mistress of the farm house does not have to run up and down stairs with heavy pails of water she will not say much about the high steps. Every house should be planned for the laundry, for it it certain that the time is coming when every farm house will have a laundry. Fuel is getting more and more scarce and expensive every year, and it is safe to predict that the heater of a few years hence will be so arranged that it will not only heat the house perfectly, but will have ample facilities for doing laun- dry work and cooking, it the lady of the house so elects. All over the house provision should be made for the future, but especially in the kitchen. If you cannot afford the convenient wall cupboards that are the delight of every housewife. you can at least save a space for them, and have room for a. summer and winter stove. The lady of our house says it is One of the most vexatious things in the life of any woman t0‘wont kitchen conven- iences and have her wall spaces so cut up by doors and windows and chimneys and ill-arranged passage-ways and dark corners that she must walk some dis- tance to the pantry instead of having things right at hand. Where she is forced to live in a house built many years ago. there is some excuse for such disappointment, but when the new house is built the trouble can be remedied. A convenient pantry, even if it cannot be fitted up with all modern conveniences at first, should be planned for, and there Should be ample closet and attic spaces if the purse will at all permit. Since it doesn't cost a penny more to select a plan that will allow all conven- iences, than one which is inconvenient and ill-arranged, it is the plain duty of every builder to provide for them so far as his financial ability will permit. And I am led to believe that if there is a class of people on this old earth that does deserve to have all the modern con— veniences in the house it is the man who tills the soil and makes food for the world and himself and family. I believe in the farmer and his family eating at the first table in everything and when it comes to repairing the old house, or building a new, no means should be spared to provide for comfort and con- venien‘ce. It is quite a satisfaction to know that we have labored and toiled to build a. home, and it should be made all that home implies. Illinois. R. B. BUSHING. VARYING TASTE IN DECORATION. A few years ago very little thought was given to the exterior of the moderately priced house, and even much less to the interior. The planning of a house was considered more from the stand- point of convenience and economy than beauty and artistic effect. Regardless of the style of the house, each member of the family was apt to have some special idea, which he wanted carried out, and in order to adopt them the original plan was subjected to many changes. Start- ing in the beginning with very little at— tention paid to the type of its architec- ture. and with additions such as a corner bay window has and a tower there, the result was a mongrel type of a. house that had no «beauty and was oftentimes an object of horror to those sensitive to the good and the harmonious. \i'hile this was true of the exterior, the crimes committed in the name of in- terior decoratiOn were even more atro- cious. We recall with a shudder the day of the over—decorated, stuffy “den.” which at one time was considered the acme of elegance (save the mark!). The usual color of the den was red, brilliant and warm. and it was called cozy and comfortable because of this warmness of coloring. Heavy draperies and dark furnishings added to this warmth. Vi’alls were hung with pipes, brasses, plaques and orineial lanterns. Ginger jars and wooden shoes were used for match re- ceivers, and in some instances, where great originality was striven for, a grue- some replica of the skull of poor Yorlck, or some other member of the human family, grinned at one from some dark corner where it served the lowly purpose of holding tobacco. In fact, in‘ every conceivable corner something was hung up to be ornamental regardless of its fitness. . Couch pillows of all sizes and shapes covered with all sorts of designs, such as Indian beads, canoes, beetles. and even spiders in their webs, expressed the pre. veiling idea of art. “Den" was an ap— propriate name for this sort of. room— “cozy corner” a. misnomer, while “cham- ' ors chosen FEB. ~22, 1913. * ber of horrors" would 'havg been more fitting than either. , Most of us followed this extreme of fashion. The pendulum of progress had swung too far. It had produced the gm- tesque. Fortunately the past few years have brought about great changes in homes both on the exterior and the ins- terior. Decorator and architect have done great service in educating the peo- ple up to the higher standards and much. at’tentlon is devoted to harmonizing the interior decoration with the type of home always keeping in mind that the incon-. gruous is to be avoided as the plague. During this process of change, how- ever, the eagerness to advance was the very thing that brought the Ornate Age upon us. The pendulum of progress had received a vigorous push and it had swung too far out of its normalarc and over-ornamentation was .the result. Elaboration both in decoration and fur- nishing was the fashion. Bright colored wall papers with large, bold designs were considered fashionable. No attention was paid to harmony in the treatment of walls. The desire seemed to be to have as many different colors. rooms as possible. . These elaborate- and etxreme effects existed in furniture and. architecture as well, and after years of- massiveness and showiness the pendulum now marks the time of higher ideals in art and more cultivated taste. The decorator who has not followed this change and who does not realize that the age of simplicity in all forms of decoration is upou us, has missed the handwriting on the wall and his success may well be questioned. Dwellings now have a certain individ- ual type and artistic interiors are de- manded. Artistic feeling is the keynote of success now, both Within and without the home. Extreme types of decoration may have their place, but one soon tires of them, and the home must be of a type that will stand the test of time and still be beautiful. Also the houses built today are de— pendent upon the skill of the decorator, both outside and inside, for their real beauty. Appropriate colors for outside painting are just as essential as the col- for the wood trim or walls inside. i * It Interiors should be handled so as not to impart the feeling of limitation or confinement. \\'alls should not be Ureat- ed as boundaries but as backgrounds for the furnishings (just as in a picture the background should never seem to be there). Walls should serve as a setting for the rest of the room. This is a most important feature in decorating. Study carefully this first principle—Reprinted from the Dutch Boy Painter Magazine published by the Na- tional Lead Company. HOW TO KEEP WATER OUT OF' BASEMENT STABLE. Will someone please tell me how to keep water out of a basement? I have eave troughs and a good fall two ways from barn but every time it rains from the north or east my trenches are full of water. Did not put a drain from trenches as I did not want to lose the liquid ma- nure. Genesee Co. SUBSCRIBER. I take it from this inquiry of Mr. G.’s that the trenches, that is, the trenches which were dug in the first placeto lay the baSernent wall on, are the ones he means that when there is a heavy rain these trenches are full of water. Possibly he means the gutters behind the cows. But in either case it simply means that the land on which the barn stands is not well drained. These trenches that were built for the foundation to stand on should have been drained and now if the cobblestone was put into these trenches by digging a tile drain away from the barn connecting_these trenches with a, good outlet will do very much in draining the stable. This‘ought to be done at once, and then again to prevent any great amount of water getting into the trenches I would surround the basement stable with a good tile drain. Put it of! say, ten feet from the wall, and perhaps it‘ would be better to have it six feet from the wall, entirely around the barn, and then run away to a good outlet. This will keep the land near the barn dry, and it ought to be. You won't have a good healthy stable unless you get this water drained off. If the trenches become full of water after every rain it will be im- possible to have a good sanitary barn and this draining should be done as soon In COLON C. LILLIE, pOssible. in. different ' ~_,. . .l 'l 4’, l l Art-1"»??? . FEB. 22, 1913. THE MICHIGAN FARMER . Maintaining Farm ‘Fertility--V. ORE land in grass and other for- M age and fodder crops should be the slogan of every farmer. \Ve have never given these crops and our soil a square deal. We have failed in the proper appreciation of the feeding and fertilizing value of these soil-building crops. _ Many farmers prize crops that have a higher market value because their pro- duction has become a custom, looked upon as essential and fundamental in farming, rather than because there is a. profit in them. On many farms grain and cultivated crops are grown at a loss when a greater acreage of grass and forage crops and the feeding of more live stock would result in greater annual returns. The growing of graSS and forage crops carries with it the idea of intensive prac- tice rather than extensive, which means better cultivation, better methods of crop rotation, continuous occupation 'of the soil, an increase in manurial substances and a gradual gain in productivity.‘ Successful and profitable crop growing requires that the rotation be so planned that the land is constantly occupied by a growing crop. This constant occupancy of the soil results in preventing losses of fertility which might Occur because of washing and leaching during the fall and spring and by drying out the soils which lie bare during the hot, dry season, thus preventing the development of, or actu- ally deStroying the living bacteria, which we are beginning to recognize as an es- sential factor in soil fertility. Soils that are occupied by growing crops are con— stantly improving, because the natural agencies are more active. ‘That is, dor- mant constituents and vegetable matter accumulated in the roots and stubble are broken down and changed into an avail- able form, thus improving the soil, both in its phySical and chemical qualities. The Importance of Legumes. It is best, whenever possible, to depend largely upon the legume crops which ac— cuniulate More or less nitrogen from the atmosphere, which with the vegetable matter, adds to the store of fertility in the soil. CIOVer gives a notable helpful- ness in its nitrogen supply to other plants. Its 180 pounds of nitrogen in the roots and stubble of a large crop supplies enough nitrogen to grow several crops of any one of the standard farm plants. This nitrogen has been gathered from na- ture without the need of any artificial supply by man. The nodular growths on its roots are a center of nitrogen com- poundng from the atmosphere. The cost of this 180 pounds of nitrogen deposited by a large crop ‘of clover would cost on the market $36. Other legumes, such as therefore indirectly supplying nitrogen for. succeeding crops, which can obtain it only from soil sources, and it is practi- cally a perennial, serving for a number of years without reseed’ing, and leaves the soil in better condition for other crops than it was before. Owing to its content of protein, it in many ways_serves as a. substitute for high—priced grain feeds, which it is generally necessary to pur- chase on the stock farm. All experiments unite in showing the high feeding and the high fertilizing value of alfalfa. These qualities make it especially valuable in all systems of crop growing that seek to improve the land. Cowpeas, soy beans and the vetches are of great value in their places, but for stimulating it to produce unprofitable yields. In seeding clover it is usually advisable to mix timothy with it and allow the grass and clover to occupy the land two years, especially if a money crop is ad- ded to the rotation. Clover is a more ac? tive factor in soil improvement, being more quick in its returns, yet not fur- nishing us with a substantial base of humus for so long a period. In this way we have a place for the farm manure where it can be used for top-dressing to help grow more manurial substances to plow under instead of allowing its fertil- ity to be sold _out in a large part with the first money crop. If it is applied to the new seeding it makes a big crop of hay which, if fed on the farm, adds greatly to the supply of farm manure. If it is our real object to make grass and forage crops do their best work for us Farm House of the Cottage Type, Home general farm crops in this latitude clover and alfalfa will furnish more feed and fertility. Many farmers have bcen held up from soil improvement because red clover and alfalfa would not grow, and they have been lectured to over and over again that only these plants added nitrogen to the soil. Of course, they are the best, but. again, millions of bacteria are waiting to feed upon any old stem or root, anything organic, to make nitrogen available for another plant. \Vhile all crops grown in rotation are not especially Valuable, nearly every one possesses some characteristic which makes it highly valuable. Rye, for ex— ample, is valuable for a winter cover crop and furnishes large quantities of humus- making material to plow under in the spring. Crimson clover where it can be grown, is especially valuable because it \(‘t 33* S; ta‘ .~.3\ "‘.\‘ '\ \ Farm Home of W. W. Ellis, of Kent 00., a Modern Type of Rural Architecture. alfalfa, cowpeas, beans and vetches, may be grown to furnish nitrogen, but on farms where short systems of crop rota- tion are being practiced, common red clover is preferable. As a source of animal feed and soil fertility, alfalfa. is nature’s choicest gift to man. Unlike our common red clover it is not adapted to short rotation farm- ing; however, it has advantages not pos- sessed by' other forage crops; it is pala- table for all kinds of farm stock; it is as rich in protein as wheat bran, ,thus mak- ing it a feed capable of balancing the de- ficiencies of corn in this respect, and re- ducing proportionately the necessity of purchased feeds. It possesses the power of gathering nitrogen from the air, and, serves the two—fold purpose of a winter cover crop in gathering nitrogen as well as preventing losses of plant food from the soil. The whole farm must be managed on a farseeing basis if the most benefit is ob- tained from growing these soil improving crops. It is not as simple as going out into the market and buying chemicals; it is much easier for a farmer to pay out $2 or $3 for nitrogen in the commercial forms, where $1 would suffice for the same amount, besides furnishing consider- able palatable and nourishing food for live stock. This kind of farming requires thorough knowledge and anyone willing to study the problem will be able to build up his soil for future crops, instead of of Wm. Carson & Son, Mecosta County. we must make the conditions favorable for them to make a heavy growth. The largcr crops of clover and hay we har— vest the more nitrogen and humus-form— ing materials go back to the soil in the, roots and stubble of the crop. For many years it was our practice to plow under our clover sod after cutting one crop of hay, but 1 am beginning to see differently now. Crop Rotation and Soil Fertility. (.‘rop rotation is a great aid in securing and conserving the soil fertility developed by tillage and soil-improving crops. No two plants root at the same depth. Corn is shallow rooted, wheat is deeper, and clover is still dccpcr rooted. lidt'h feeds upon an area of its own. The roots of the plants feed other crops. Each crop has its peculiar way to gather nitrogen. phosphoric. acid and potash. In the- de- cay of the roots of a plant that can get potash easily, another plant that cannot so acquire it finds it prepared at hand. Clover affords the best: example of help- fulneSs in its nitrogen supply to other plants, that do not possess the ability to obtain their nitrogen from the air. Dif~ fcrent crops require different quantities of the materials needed for growth from the soil and air. “'11ch potatoes take 35 pounds of potash it requires but 1] pounds of phosphoric acid, yet the wheat crop removes more. phosphoric acid than pot- ash. If potatoes follow potatoes the sup- ply of potash will run out quickly. Ita- tional crop rotations exhaust the. soil equitably of the elements in the soil or added by manure or commercial fertiliz- ers. Crop rotation is of great economic aid in plant: food supply conservation and should have more attention from farmers than it does. In order to maintain the supply of humus and nitrogen in our soils it is absolntcly necessary that we devote more attention to growing grass and for- age crops and adopt a rational rotation of crops. New York. TV. SPRING SOWN VETCH. MILTON KELLY. Can you give me any information con- recmng sprlng vetch for sandy soil? Muskegon Co. '1‘. (l, H. The variety of this legume recommend- ed for best results is known as the sand or hairy vgtch. It gives best results when sown in August, but may be seeded in the spring- At the Colorado Station where sown in the spring for hay it is sown in rows and cultivated. .-\s ordinarily sown for forage in Michigan the plant is sown in August with rye. Possibly it might be sown in the spring with the spring grain crop but we know of no cases where it has been tried in Michigan. There are also spring varieties of vetch which, how- ever, have not given satisfactory results, except in limited areas in New England. 3—219 EXCELSlOR AlFAlFAitoCLOVER DRILLS ' Guaranteed without Reservation to ”any reputable farmer for drilling Clover in Wheat Cultivates your wheat without injury and increases yield 3 to 7 bu. per acre. Saves half your seed and secures far better stand than by any other method. The Excelsior is sold with this under- standing. Records from reliable farm- ers show that they have paid for the Excelsior with what. they saved in seed. alone. The Excelsior is the Original Drill with the .discs 4” apart for the-proper planting of alfalfa, clovers, timothy. rape, millet, etc. Write for full information now! Our SPECIAL BOOKLET M -96 hal proved invaluoblo for otherI—lt will for you; it shows conclusively WHY the Excel- Iior is the one best drill for such coutly leodl. Our “nature mailed only on request. Velvetlawn Seeder Co. Springfield. Ohio $ 1 0 , 0 O O . O O Guarantee Protects You If this Hertzlcr & Zook Grain Drill does not satisfy you in every way and wefail to return your money in full and pay freight both ways,we forfeit a $10,000 local bond which our bankers hold to protect you. Mustn't we be mighty sure that ours is the best all-round drill on the market, or would we dare backit up with a 310,000 bond? The matter is all one~slded In your favor—you can’t possibly lose. We pay freight and send you the HERTZLER & 200K Grain Drill On 30 Days’ Free Trial If it satisfies you, keep it at our low price. If it doesn’t, ship it back at our expense and we will refund all your money or forfeit $10,000—our bankers hold it for you. This drill sows all kinds of grain, seed or fertlllzer accurately Built for hard work. High, broad-fir;l wheels lighten draft. Large ca acit ,grain box. We also make a low- down an pla n seed drill. We sell direct from factory—save you 820 to 050 dealer’s profits. Write for catalog. our 810,000 guarantee and low prices. Specialoffertoeverybodywhoansworsrightaway. EERTZLBR 6; 200K 00., Box 103 . Bollovlllo, Po. 0U can clear an acre or more of stumps a day. No stumps can resist the Hercules. Doubles land value—enables on to make $1200.00 on 40 acres " the first year after stumps are ' out—and 35750.00 in crops every year after. Get the proof. Why not Write Us Now Book tells all the _facts——shows many photos and letters from owners—tells all about the many Her- ' ' ' cules features. We'll also quote you a special money-saving price proposition that will interest you. Address HERCULES MFG. CO. 137 Slat St... Centenlllo. Iowa ’\ . STUMP FULLER Wat-ranted the most practical machine made. One man c lift 20 tons. 8 styles. 10 sizes. $25 and up. Screw,Cablo or Band 1::wer. We make cheapest TILE DITcI-l ER and the best Corn Harvester 32°: :33: °§3 met: it’ll“. Agents wot-ted. Our new M-page Catalog FEE Write Today. ILL. IINIITT l coIPANV. WII'IIIVILIJ. OHIO- -- yum? 220—4 the fast So with your crops; you do. have put in good, live seed, everything is pulling along But a bumper crop—a big the available elements are i A. A. C. Co. EARLY TRUCK AND A GOOD MARKET and that is in available plant food. it wants it. Let us send you our book to do the same. have none. k N every pantry there is usually food enough for daily needs . working hard, boys often do, or if company comes unexpectedly the food in the pantry sometimes fails to go around just when it is wanted. There is enough plant food in the soil for years to produce the ordinary every day crops our fathers used to raise; but along comes a good season, heat, sun and rain all working well together,—you supply this needed plant food. It goes without saying that early gar- den truck finds a good market. only one way to fertilize for early truck, An early crop must have food when If it is not supplied the crop will fail. 1 THE MICHIGAN FARMER family available for its If the boys are or growing and get really hungry, as they feed very much as cultivated just right, and finely for a bumper crop. bumper crop,--is larger than an ordinary crop and it needs more food to sup— port it, and it wants it now—-while it is growing. If the plant food isn’t there in the soil the crop fails just for that one reason and no other. See to it that n your soil this year. Fertilizers There is to use a fertilizer that is rich on plant food. Every farmer should read this book. Write us to-day and tell your friends We want agents in localities where we The American Agricultural Chemical (30., D Detroit Sales Department, Detroit, Mich. Have Your Seed-Grain Cleaned and Graded Now that farmers everywhere . srocleaning and in their Seed " _ Grain.the on n15. owtoget it done best. easiest and choc-pen. Here’s my 1913 offer: Send me one dollar and I will GB IDBY “ and Cleaner with all equipment. ‘ Clean your Seed Wheat. Oatmli‘iax. Barie . Peas. Beans. Corn. Grass ‘ etc. Then PLANT those tine seed. Ar- TER you have harvested a bum pay me the balance of my 10w price. Not nny need you pay. except the 81. And by Novem- W LL one next Novembfir. Moon Campbell HAVE M R ITS ENTIRE COST in INCREASED CROPS. Then you'll have a“Chatham“to work FREE for you the rest of your life. Your Dollar Returned if you want it. I don’t want your dollar or want on to keep my “Chatham” unless it pleases you. t, after a 33-day test, you are not satisfied. return the machine at my expense and I Will send back the dollar. A Machine That Fits Your Form After ll years’ experience. I know every grain and noxious weed grown in America. know the section where each one grows. I know every grain and weed that grown on sour farm. Experience has shown that a Grain Grader and Cleaner should have special eqni ment for the particular farming section to whic goes. For example. I send an entirely dimt qru’psuent of screens. ' e mm what I send to litre are scarcely 2 states {a the U. 8. to which loud the same e Ipment. Thus you set the exact and proper out to handle the ns and weed seed that grow on your farm. on don't have com for s lot of extras for which you have no use. Extra Sci-sons and Riddles Pros In case you not more or dilorent screens. just writsmesndlwillsendthem No spsnny I also have a Free Service will mu. clean and grade F El. any mixture you sondin. If you've got some impurity in your - ‘ . H .1913 5"“ The CHATHAM Grain Grader and Cleaner per crop. grain that you cannot get rid of. don't get discour- aged. Write me. Handles all Small Grain and Grass Soon! My 1913 Chatham handles over 70 seed mix totes—wheat. oats. peas. hea ns. corn. bar- ley. flax. clover. timothy. etc. Takes eockle wild oats. tame oats and smut from see wheat: any mixture from flax: buckhorn from clover: sorts corn fordrop planter. Re- moves foul weed seed and allsunken. cracked or sickly grains. Takes out all dust. dirt and chatt.- t is also a bully chatter. Handles 60 bushels grain per hour. Gas power or hand power. Easiest running mill on earth. Special Corn-Sorting Attachment Last year I added a Corn-Sorting Attachment, which grades corn so that a round or edge dro planter drops the right number of grains in out o! eve 100 hills (in repeated tests at State Agriculture Colleges). Same plantersJoadedwith ungradcd corn, make only 660m: of 100 perfect hills. In two months I ship Iowa farmers alone 41110 machines with rn-Sorting Attachments. Try my Special Corn-Sorting Attachment. It will increase your corn crop amazingly I Post-l Brings My Now Book on Seed Selection. Every chapter is highl! practical and exceedingly interesting. It shows an ass . simple way to get ridpf any weed on your to any In re of grams—in short. how to perfect grain for Wampum“; or marketing. Send outs] toda and receive by nests-ail mynowBoo free. A Dept I) . farm; ow to mason csupszu. co., Doll-sit. mam city, m. M mail. _ _ , noun ”mm-1mm Issuing” hrstornin “would. “Whhfipm It csshpsrscu braced. ”(film‘s corsandslihhdsstlsx. nodflsrdsnflosdsnflod’ultmmflonthisps unravels, rows. m m sous.) FARM NOTES. Applying lee to Bean Ground. I have read with much interest the articleson lime. As I'have a field that I want to lime this spring, am going to sow field to beans, put lime on ahead of drill, next spring sow to oats and seed to clover and alfalfa. Is that O. K.? If not, why not? Also, where can I get the best lime for thé least money, and what is the best lime? Also, I have raised red kidney beans for the last sev- en years. This year t-hey were a fail- ure; had a good stand up to the third cultivation, then they began to get black in spots in the field, dry up and disap- pear, all but a, little stem. We called it blight. The beans are spotted, some of them. Is there- any formula for treat- ing them so that I could use them for seed this springfland be practically safe from last years experience? Eaton Co. H. B. On soil that needs an application of lime there could be no better time to ap- ply it then when preparing the ground for beans before seeding to clover after a small grain crop. The application of lime would doubtlesa prove beneficial to the bean crop which is a legume and requires the presence of nitrogen-fixing bacteria. for best results, the same as clover or alfalfa. Then the soil would be thoroughly sweetened and a fit home for ilhe nitrifying bacteria before the clover is sown, being in a way aesurance that a g90d stand of clover will be se- cured. Now with regard to the best kind of lime and where it can be procured. Ground limestone or marl is a very sat- isfactory source of lime where it can be cheaply secured, but there is such a de- mand for lime for agricultural purposes that: one cannot always get just what he wants, consequently it may be necessary for him to use ground stone lime or hydrated lime. Last spring the writer could get nothing else and consequently used hydrated llme. The form does not make so much difference so long as the amount is properly graduated to the m-ed of the soil where caustic lime is used. What Ailed the Beans? What ailed tell with any the bemns is impossible to degree of accuracy from this description as to the nature of the disease which attacked the beans. but it was probably anthracnose or some one ofanumber of kindred fungous bean dis- eases. There is no thoroughly effective treatment for the seed. The best policy would be to get clean seed, if practica- ble, for next year‘s planting. The Best Method of Applying Stable Manure. ‘Vhich do you think would be the best way to put on manure with a spreader. as a top—dressing after crops are put in, or apply as it is drawn from the stable during the winter? Do you think a ma- nure spreader a profitable investment on its own merits, i. e., do you think one will get enough more good out of the manure to make it pay? I have from 30 to 50 head of stock and have always spread the manure by hand right from the stable. Could you compare them to a silo? I don‘t think a. si-lo ever cost any man a, cent, as I think he gets enough more good out of the feed for it to pay for itself. How would you apply commercial fertilizers to a corn field when you plant corn by hand? Would you think it profitable to apply fertiliz— er to a piece of ground that is a sandy loam soil, has a good clover sod. one crop of hay having been cut? It will also re- ceiVQ a dressing of manure this winter. \Vhat can be used to keep manure from heating when piled out? Some use it in the gutters. VVexford Co. F. B. If it were practicable to apply all the stable manure as a top-dressing and wbrk same into the soil when preparing a. seed bed or cultivating a crop, there is little doubt but that the beneficial re- sults would be far greater than where the manure is applied before plowing as ordinarily practiced. ’It is, however, not always practical to do this, and, in fact, we might say it is seldom practiced upOn the average farm since this plan involves the storing of manure- until the special season when it can be so applied and it involves not only considerable labor but also some unavoidable loss of plant food. For this reason the general practice of applying stable manure upon sod ground as it is made when condi- tions are at all favorable is probably the preferable practice for the general farmer. ' The Manure Spreader a Profitable Investment There is no doubt in the writer’s mind about the manure spreader being a prof- itable investment upon any farm where as much stock is kept as described in this inquiry, In the first place, it is a labor—saving implement and this saving of labor alone will soon pay the cost of the spreader, and even on the small farm it will pay good interest on the invest- ment. But this is notl the only advan- tage. Provided sufficient stable manure FEB. 22, 1913. were made upon the farm rto apply say, 20 loads per acre to the sod ground plow- ed for spring crdps each year this might represent the- princlpal economy in the manure spreader, but this iS'true upon few if any farms, and there is no doubt but that better distribution of the stable manure can be secured where it is ap- plied with the spreader than where it is spread by hand. And better distribution means that the same .amount of stable manure can be made to cover a much larger area and will produce nearly as good results in the first crop where same is applied with the spreader, and this is an economic point of even greater im- portance than is the saving of labor. Fertllizer Questions. “'herc corn is to be planted by hand commercial fertilizer may be applied broadcast and worked into the soil when the ground is being fitted for planting. The writer has found this the most sat- isfactory method, even when the corn is planted with a check-row horse plant- or. XVe use a fertilizer or lime distribu- ter for‘this purpose, applying from 400 to 500 lbs. per acre. Formerly a fertilizer attachment was used on the corn plant- er, but the fertilizer must be very dry and in the best of mechanical condition or it will bother some, and if too much is applied in the hill it is likely to injure the seed and result in a poor stand of corn. If a fertilizer distributor or drill is not available the fertilizer can be spread from a wagon by dumping the sacks and having a man spread from the roar end of the wagon or (me from the rear end and one from each side while another drives, In this way the fertilizer can be distributed rapidly and fairly evenly, but it is not as desirable a job as sowing it with a distributor or drill. It might pay: to make an applicatfion of phosphoric acid and potash fertilizer to the sod ground above described, but it probably would not be profitable to use a. complete fertilizer as the bacteria on the clover roots, supplemented and stim- ulate by the stable manure. should fur- nish an abundance of this most expen- sive of fertilizer ingredients when pur— chased in a commercial form. In the writers opinion it would be better prac- tice to apply fertilizer to the succeeding crop when the sod is plowed down. “'e know of nothing which will pre- vent manure from heating in the pile. Ground phosphate rock or “floats" and acid ph0sphate may be profitably used as absorbents in the stable to save the liquid manure. Disclng Corn Stubble for Cats. In this section a good many farmers cultivate and drag corn stubble for oats. I tried same last spring as it was so late to plow ground when it got so it could be plowed on account of so much rain. The oats came up good and when about four inches high the ground got so hard they nearly stopped growing. They finally got about one foot high and headed out. I got about half a crop. The ground is hard clay. I did not work it when too wet. If I had plowed it would it have gotten so hard so quickly? Would it have done good or harm to have dragged the ground with spike—toothed drag when it commenced to get hard? How can I avoid the same trouble next spring? Ionla Co. - A. I. B. Very many farmers, even on clay ground, disk corn stubble as a prepara- tion for oats, and where the land is fit- ted properly for the cat crop in this manner it requires just about as much time and labor as it would to plow the ground and fit it the olddashioned way. Very often where poor success is bad in fitting it in this way it is due to lack of thoroughnesg in getting the soil well pulverized and in a fine mechanical con— dition. There would be no objection to using the spike-tooth harrow on the oats when the surface of the ground is crust— ed-over. In fact, where the so-eal'led dry farming is practiced, it' is the usual cus- tom to barrow the grain fields over fre— quently, until the grain is a. foot or more high. Plowing vs. Potato Blight. My son planted a piece of potatoes June 4, on heavy soil and they did not plight. I planted two days after on sandy soil and they all blighted. He planted another piece along the road about 10 days later on sandy soil and they blighted scarcely at all. I would like to have someone tell me the cause of this. Montcalm Co. W. L. The nature of the soil is not a limiting factor to the spread of potato blight. The spread of late blight of potatoes de- pends upon the presence of the spores, the suitability of the weather conditions to spread them and the resistant qual- ities of the variety. It is impossible from the description given of these cases to determine the reason for the difference in the progress of the disease in differ- 'ent fields. A- ‘- FEB. 22, 1913. DESTROYING MUSTARD. I have 60 acres of clay loam soil which has grown clover and timothy with some grain for the past 14 or 16 years. Dur- ing the past two or three years under im- proper handling a large quantity of mus- tard has accumulated thereon, which I desire to dispose of. How is the best and cheapest way to kill this weed, so I can grow grain as well as hay? Chippewa Co. II. A. B. It is not such a great job to eradicate must‘ard from a field if you get right after it in earnest. In this case I should plow the ground next spring and plant it to corn. Plant the corn in hills so that it will row both ways so that you can give it good cultivation both ways. Keep it well cultivated and don’t let any of the mustard grow. If there is occasion- ally a spear of mustard that comes up near the hill of corn, take it out by hand. Now I would put this field into corn again, you will probably have more trou- ble the second year when the old sod is turned up than you did the first, and keep it thoroughly cultivated. Or if you don’t want to raise corn on it two years put in a crop of beans or any other hoed crop so that you give it good thorough culti- vation. After having a hoed crop two years in succession and giving good thor- ough cultivation you can seed this field to wheat. If you put in beans the second year and can get them in early enough they will come off in time so that you can put the field into wheat. Then seed it to clover. Some mustard may come up in the clever but if this is out early, by the last of June, the mustard is not al- lowe-d to go to seed. Then if you cut a. only know, but practice, the “Golden Rule.” ‘ Let us endeavor to hire the best we possibly can, and if we find, after search- ing diligently for the good in them, they are worthy to dwell on the land with which God has intrusted us, let us treat them as members of our household. Let us give them privileges, besides paying them all they are worth, instead of what may be rightfully termed the unjust g0- ing wages. Some men are worth $35 per month, while others are not worth $15. We should giVe to our t'enant men all the above, besides furnish them, with good, comfortable houses. Also supply them with some wholesome literature, including the grand old Michigan Farmer. If possible we should practices the kind of farming which gives employment to our help through the year. \Vhe-n we let a good man go in the fall, we lose our grip on him. He may promise to return in the spring; but if he gets a. suitable job during that winter, he is not liable to return. And besides, a summer man cost‘s nearly as much as a year man. To keep hired men contented, and at their best, we must furnish them with the best teams, harnesses and tools we possibly can. And also those we board must be furnished with plenty of well prepared, wholesome food. They should have pleasant, comfortable rooms. An underfed, dissatisfied person will not show great‘ interest in his work. Places of amusement, etc.. may be the main reason for people drifting to our cities, but not the only ones. They eith- er get higher wages, or else work fewer Farm Machinery Offered at Auction Should be in Goad Repair. second crop for seed, or if any mustard should come up mow all of this and I think you will find that you will have the mustard pretty well subdued. Alfalfa is a splendid crop to eradicate all kinds of weeds. There isn’t any kind of weed that I know of that will stand it in an alfalfa field where this crop is cut three -times during the season for hay. This gets the most of the foul weeds that grow on the farm. COLON C. LILLIE. THE FARM LABOR PROBLEM. My solution of this tremendous prob- lem is this—use intelligently, and to best advantage, the material which we have at hand. But, you say, “We haven’t the material.” I know that we have, or might have, if we were not so foolish as to let 'it slip to our towns and cities. If foreign labor must be employed, let it be in our cities and other places, where a master can preside over them with a “big stick!" We must necessarily be in siympathy with our help. We should have their confidence in order that we may obtain and retain competent employes. TVe are too often not “pennywise and pound foolish,” but) “ounce wise and ton fool- ish.” Some of us succeed in getting suitable help, Why not all. or at' least others? The fault as often lies with us as with the help. Most of the farmers and their wives who have worked by the week, month or year, have no trouble getting good, help. For many years, before I formed for myself, I traveled extensively, and fol- lowed farming as an occupation, and I know from experience that there is as much difference in farmers themselves as there is in hired help. I have worked for some of the best farmers in the land; also, for short periods of time, for some Of the poorest. If we wish to check this drift of humanity toward our towns and cities, we must be men in the broad- ,est sense of the term. We must not hours; sometimes both. To overcome these difficulties We must adjust our- selves t‘o circumstances. 'We must hold out greater inducements to our young people to stay with us. Why not make home life for our chil- dren so pleasant that they may be pre- pared to resist the often dangerous a1- lurements of the cities? In the ‘first place, let us give them the very best ed- ucation we can afford. Also encourage and assist your boys and girls to beau- tify the home. They will take interest in the work, if you will give them an interest, financially. \Vhy not give your girls a fancy breed of chickens, ducks or geese; your boys some pure-bred sheep or swine, etc., teaching them how to properly care for them, how to buy and sell advantageously, charging them mar— ket price for the feed you may furnish; but allowing them the revenue from thcm, yet encouraging them to make proper use of the money so obtained. Parents give the best of all of God’s earthly gifts—your boys and girls the chance to which they are justly entitled and they will not desert. you for the un- «'(‘I‘inlllllels of the cities, even though laboring days may be shorter and wages higher. Instead, they will prove to be a staff and a comfort to you now, and during your old age; a blessing to you, your neighbors and their posterity. New York. W. D. KORE. SOME SUGGESTIONS. I heard one farmer tell another that if he ever buried his potatoes again, that he had learned better than to put straw under the pile and pour the tubers on top of it. I know that we have never done that, always putting the straw on after the potatoes were all in the pile and rounded up ready for the dirtl. It seems that the straw under the pile does not leave any circulation and will not allow what moisture naturally would collect, to have a chance" to escape. The result is rotten potatoes. u THE MICHIGAN FARMER 5—221 V/ /“ RAISE MORE CORN] EMERSON sill?“ PLANT MORE ACCURATELY HE EMERSON Edge Drop Planter shows by actual comparative tests that it has a more accurate drop than ary other. This means even stands, no “skips”, more corn. The reason is because the EMERSON patented Seed Box and Plates are dit— Ierent. The plates arelargerin diameter than others, and allow ample time for corn to enter the cell, no matter how much the corn varies in size or how fastyou drive. You can plant more acres per day with the EMERSON. because the Emerson is a very light draft planter. It is easy to get an even stand and accurately checked field with the EMERSON. f h I‘MERSON h di fi 1 d o t e a. ack t e rt rm arozm Open center Wheels the corn, but not Boer it. This leaves; the top ground loose foreasier and earlier growl/z! Plates can be changed for greater or fewer a grains per hill without \ removing corn from box. W o rk s automatically as a hill or drill drop. Foot lever enables oper- atorto change depth of runners instantly, so that in going over dead furrows, ridges. etc., the depth of planting \\\\\\\\\\ \\\\\\\ \\\\\\\ can be made absoo lutely uniform, in- suring evener ger« mination and growth. Patent Automatic Wire Doifer throws the wire automatically in turning around, so that- driver can devote his entire attention to team at \\\\.\ \\\\\\\\ \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\ \ algal uniform Depth In Planting \\ Every part is Johnston quality. Ad- justments quickly and easily made. Steel frames, dustproof roller bear- ings, case hardened wrist pins, per- “Certainly! Buy a Johnston” Every farmer should get acquainted with the Johnston Mowing Machines, described in Our 1 9 l 3 Catalog now ready for distribu- tion. Tells about the famous Johnston Linc. Copy sent FREE. ' fl” TheJohnstonHarvesterCo. —- / ”(A . _ fii Box 105 -B Batavia, N. Y. V’VIL/ //} ,0: end of rows. - can drop 3 or 4 grains in rich soil and 2 or 3 illustrates and describes fully the many superior advantages of the EMERSON Planter for Cotton. Kaffir Corn, Milo Maize and Sorghum, the EMERSON until the last minute. Drop us a postal NOW for the EMERSON catalog EMERSON-BRANTINGHAM IMPLEMENT COMPANY Plows, "arrows. Pulverizers, listers, Spreaders, Planters, Drills, Cultivators. Mowers. What Catalog Shall We Send? I -.. ff J’fidrrlja; ‘v .r'. Q's-1'" ~33? ”.merfr'r“ . " able us to combine lightness with strength and simplicity in and sizes for light and heavy work, EMERSON Variable Drop Planters will vary the drop while driving, so you in lighter soil it you wish, insuring maximum crops. Our Free Planter Book Edge Drop Corn Planter, the EMERSON Variable Drop Com Planter, the EMERSON Planter for Corn, Kaffir Corn and Milo Maize, the EMERSON S-Row Drill Planter. All of these Planters are backed by the 60—year-old EM ERSON reputation for highest quality. ltpays to get the brst. Don't wait // on (my farm mar/zine you want, then you will have plenty of time to investi~ - gate fully and make sure of getting the best. 788 Iron Street, ('"°°'P°'“°d) Rockford, Illinois Largest Line of Farm Machinery In The World. Ilay Tools, Baling Presses, Corn Shellers, Gas Engines, Ifarm Tractors, Steam Traction Engines, Threshing Machines, Road Rollers, Wagons and Vehicles. 2925 ' L' h -Y i S S l t t 1g t et rong as ee Highest quality material and a half century of experience en. 0 O Johnston Mowmg Machines feet gears. Made in different styles on large and small farms. Thou- sands of owners say of our Mowers: l’ulverlzes. Never Clogs. 3-row Spread. Solid Bottom. Original and Only low-down Spreader. light 'and Strong. New Idea M Not amere unloader—does not dump In piles. The only spreader with double boaters and revolving distributing paddles. which cut the manure Into shreds and spread it evenly over three full rows—5 to 7 feet. No choking. No bunching. Low- down. Eas to load. Tracks with standard wagon. Easy haul for double team. Solid bottom whic never warps, breaks or wears out. No cog or bevel gears. Only perfect endless conveyor—cannot slip All power direct from rear axle. Only two levers to operate. .Strong metal wheels. Absolute y necessary for every grain and fruit farmer. Nym'gggfgwg, 2m; New Idea Spreader 00., m Sycamore 8L, Goldwater, Ohio AGBIBU [TUBE Are Thoroughly Hard Burnt Maded lfts besjtilClaYs. sold in car- 08 0 . SO manu actur- OUR TILE 91-3 g1 312110in gile Silica. Build- ing 0c can . ewor- '90. Write LASTS FOREVER! for catalogue and prices. DRAIN TILE NATIONAL FIREPROOFING COMPANY. Fulton Bldg" PITTSBURGH. PENNA. FEB. 22, 1913. 222—6 l Stock For All Kinds and Worm ExterminatOr of Unusual Merit. Saves [logs from Cholera and is a Preventive of All Animal Diseases I don’t care what experience you‘ve had with other conditioners. to man that here is ONE PRODUCT so far AHEAD of anything else now on the market that there’s utterly no comparison. And to PROVE it. I will send you 10 pounds without charging you a penny. I don‘t ask you to buy it. buy any more like it. I merely ask that you place it before your wormiest, runtiest, skinniest hogs, sheep or cattle, or before Arden Dairy Farm N. H. Gentry F. \V. Harding Hurd Farm Co. Leslie Smith J. P. Cudahy 0. Harris & Son D. R. Hanna W. W. Brown W. A. Mchnry \V. J. Miller The L. B. Silver Company raisers! Another "1.000 bs. FEE—by Parcel Post! THE-VMICHIGAN FARMER Winterinlg The Colts. I’ve EXtended This Remarkable Ofler! So great was the demand, I sim- ply had to! But this may be your last chance to get free—absolutely free—10 lbs. of this wonderful conditioner. Write for your 10 lbs. today. Needn’tbuy—just try—— Ringmaster Stock Tonic of Stock. A Conditioner, Blood Purifier milk yield — stimulates vitality and keeps disease and pestilence of all kinds away from stock, young and old. Not a single case of cholera reported among our feeders this year. Would I make this FREE 10—pound offer if I didn’t know the merit of this condition- er—know what it would do—and what all the others would do. too? Well, hardlyd Ami. would 5'1th well-known feeders as animals you think tjljgsS/lgzsted be «Sm: Rmzmaster zf 1t dzdn t Etggngl‘ 0f con Supposing you got rid of only one nasty And. afterwards case of worms. wouldn’t that well hog alone T E L L Y () U it pay you handsomely for your trouble? N E I G H B O R S Send for your 10 pounds at once. No Obli- VVHA’I‘ I’i‘ DID! gation—no charge—no expense to you ex- cept a few cents for parcel post. (Consult That is the ONLY STRING tied to diagram for rate or ask your postmaster), and send stamps. this otter. Also FREE Ringmaster Stock Food expels orms and ar - Sites and m,,",,,,“;§, “\Vith the 10 pounds we will send you out. It tones up the Champions and Grand Channpions”— digestive appara- a wonderful series of pictures of animals tus and other vital fed on Ringmaster Stock Food. organs. It adds Hundreds of stock raisers told me at the last International Stock Show at Chicago that this is the greatest series of pictures they ever saw. Send for it at once. I tell you as man I don't ask you to weight— slickens coats— purifies blood~increases We have only 1,000 books and pails to give away. First come, first served. Write today—now—when it’s fresh in your mind. In writing. be sure and tell me number and kind of stock you own. RINGMASTER STOCK FOOD CO. ”it?" Cleveland, 0. (11) f” ”to Mlflafijfie€ It is an economic crime to allow the stalks and husks from your corn crop to go to waste. They represent just so much life taken out of your soil for which there is no return—dead loss of time, labor and money, wanton waste of valuable food stuff and im- poverishment of the natural resources of your ground. An INBifcl‘A will conserve all the corn, from the ground level to the tassels. It. will fatten your feed- ers and increase the yield of your dairy. It. will give you fresh, succulent feed in August, when pastures are dry and during the cold weather of Winter. It will keep dyour cattle, hogs, sheep, horses, mules an poultry in prime condition at half the cost. of dry feed and make profit out of what is otherwise a source of unproductive expense. The Indiana. Silo has the endorsement of the leading agricultural colleges and experi- which is the story mlity. "You buy on WRITE today for our catalogue and , a fr'ee copy of the book “Silo Profits,” Indiana Silo as written by scores of owners of In- diana Silosf And ask us for the name of our rep- resentative in your lo- ham but it pays for itself." ment stations, of dairy men and feeders and of 25,000 farmers. It has won this endorse- ment by ten years of proven superiority of materials, design and of efliciency and economy. If your fields, your barnyard and your feeding lot are littered with corn stalks and your ground is growing less fertile under successive years of cultivation, let us build an Indiana Silo to your order now. We will make delivery when you want it. THE INDIANA SILO COMPANY Silo- Factories: mmuwafi some M382 333.32“ of the Don't slight a. colt the. first winter of his life for the future value of the young animal will be governed largely by how well he gets through his first winter. Remember that the colt! of today is the horse of tomorrow and that he should be given a fair chance to develop into the horse his breeding intended him to be. Therefore, as this is the crucial period in his making, he should receive the at- tention he properly deserves. If he is badly cared for at' this season and comes out in the spring poor and long-haired, he will be so stunted that he will never get over it, no matter how well he may be cared for later. It pays to keep the colt in a thrifty, growing condition every day during his first winter. Feed liberally; it is costly economy to stunt the colt for lack of feed. Plenty of bone and muscle-building feed is what he requires. Taking it for granted that he was taught to eat grain and hay freely before being weaned. as he should have been, he will now consume large quantities of good clover hay and oats if these are put before him. Bright, clean timothy in small quantities is good for colts, but good clover or alfalfa is to be preferred because these are richer in protein, than they are more easily mas- ticated and digested. Never feed musty bay of any kind to a colt. He- may be given all the hay he will eat without gorging himself. Oats and bran mixed, with a small amount of corn, makes the best grain ration for growing colts. Oats should constitute the main part of the ration; all horsemen agree that this is the pre- mier feed for horses of all ages. When the colt is thin-coated and inclined to suffer from the cold, more com and bran are needed in the ration than oth- erwise. All corn should be ground, or at least shelled; the teeth of the young colt are not strong enough to eat much .ear corn. The size of the ration always depends upon the size and condition of the colt. But it may be said that when the young animal is getting the proper amount of exercise he may be given at regular meals about all he will eat up clean. Towards spring. when the time for shedding the coat approaches, add a little oil meal to the colt’s grain; this will hasten the shedding process mate- rially. And if carrots or other roots are available, give him a feed of these oc- casionally; they are excellent in prevent- ing a wormy condition. The bolt should be allowed all the pure Water he wants. Icy water is not good, as he will not drink a. sufficient quantity for the needs of his body. Either have the water in the stable where the colt help himself as he likes or pump a fresh supply just before he is led to the tank, then he will get it at the temperature at which it comes from the well. Keep a piece of rock salt in each stall or else give a pinch of common salt in the grain feed two 01' three times a week. Regular exercise is very essential for the colt. Heavy feeding, with close con- finement, is pretty sure to harm the youngster permanently. He- should have the run of a pasture or large lot every day except in Very severe weather. Even then he should be kept ouUdoors for two or three hours if rain or snow is not falling. Teach the colt to stand tied part of the time so that he will come to know what the halter is for. Take the time to lead him to water occasionally. This will accustom him to being handled and a friendly feeling will be established which will prove of great help when the. time comes to break him to harness. Care must be taken at this season that the colt does not become lousy, for lice consume colt flesh very rapidly. In many cases, if the owner of a good colt, which is not thriving as well as his feed and management warrant, Will make a close examination he will discover that the young animal is literally being eaten up by lice. Most of the lice powders on the market will prove very efficient if used frequently, or one of the coal tar dip preparations may be applied. Some effi- cient treatment should be administered once a week. When the feed is not right, and some- times when it is, some of the colts will become afflicted with worms. In mild cases pf this kind, we have always se- cured good results by feeding raw pota- toes in the grain ration, with an occa- sional feed of tobacco leaves. The colt’s feet require some attention at this seaSOn. An uneven growth of the feet at this period of the colt’s life will often result in misshapen bones and joints that will prove to be permanent injuries. If the colt will let. you handle him at all it is easy to keep the feet correctly pro- portioned with nippers and a rasp; and if yOu can’t do this work yourself, obtain the services of someone who can, for it may mean a. difference of many dollars in the- value of the animal later in life. The farmer who is'wllling to spend some time and money on the care of his young colts can deVelOp them into valuable an- imals, while he who neglects his colts will never be overrun by buyers for his second—rate horses. Indiana. W. F. PU‘RDUE. DEVELOPING PURE-BRED DRAFT- ERS. One of the most practical talks given at the recent meeting of the Michigan Horse Breeders” Association was by Mr. Jacob DeGeus, of which the following is a summary: “Some think there is a trick in breed— ing pure-bred horses but there is not. Such horses have good characUeristics and tendencies bred right into them. We must know the constitution and characteristics of each individual before we can know how to feed each horse most successfully. A vast amount of difference may exist between two horses which are of the same color, same weight and same disposition. They will not respond equally to the same amount of food. Thus it is necessary for the horseman to study his individual horses, for it will not do to dish out the same amount of feed to each animal. ”Rather under-feed the horse than over- feed him. More horses are killed by over— feeding than by'underfeeding. This es- pecially is true when too much roughage is fed the horse. Excessive amounts of roughage in the- food tends to develop large legs so as to sustain the added weight of the body. “One of the prime requisites of insur- ing a good colt is to have the stall nice and clean before the mare foals. This would eliminate a great many of the navel troubles which are now so com- mOn in colts. “See to it) that the colt is getting enough milk from his mother and if this is not sufficient to maintain a good heal- thy, vigorous growth then some cows' milk should be given. This milk should be whole and not skim-milk as is rec- ommended by some colt raisers. \‘l'hen the colt is old enough to eat oats get him to eating them by first soaking the oats in milk, still warm as it comes from the cow. “From this time on the young animal should have food which is easily digesti- ed. being careful not to overfeed. In the way of grain, bran and oats may be given but corn should never be fed to a colt before it is one- ycur old. The food should be such that the period of growth should be undisturbed and con- tinuous. Bran is used more as a. cathar— tic than in the sense of a food. “After the colt has attained the age of one year, it may be fed a grain mix- ture of one—third corn and two-thirds oats. See to it that the horse gets plen- ty of exercise for this will develop good circulation and insures rapid growth. In feeding, give just as much grain as the horse will clean up and leave him hunting in the manger for the last kernel.” ENSI LAGE FOR HORSES. I wish to thank Mr. E. M. Moore, of Oakland county, for expressing his views in your valuable paper in regard to feed— ing ensilage to horses. They are my views exactly upon the subject. as I have been feeding ensilage to horses for the past few years, including stallions. brood mares, and colts. But when I speak of ensilage for horses I mean en- silage made from well-matured corn as it does not contain so much acid as that made from green corn. I have had four state speakers call at my barn to look at my stallions to see their condition after being fed on en— silage for three solid years. They all confessed that ensilage was good for them, although contrary to their former viewa and belief. Injury to horses from feeding silage is- due to sour or moldy ensilage or poor judgment in feeding. Grand Traverse. Co. C. L. PORTER. -vfis~‘ ”MAME" ; . __~ ~ ~’ ‘1. 3 ‘t i FEB. 22, 1913. , CLEAN DRINKING WATER FOR SHEEP. There is probably no article in the daily ration of sheep more important and yet more frequently neglected than clean drinking water. All kinds of ani- mals require a certain amount of water daily to assist digestion and promote good health. On the farm where an in- exhaustible source is near at hand there is no reason why the flock should not have an abundant supply at all times. It is not an uncommon Occurrence on many farms where sheep are maintained to find them compelled to drink from stagnant pools and unclean watering troughs. Sheep are particularly suscep— tible to infection of disease through drinking unclean water. The, flock own- er who allows his sheep to drink from shallow depressions where surface water stands or from unclean watering troughs is running a great chance of introducing into his flock internal parasites which will claim a number of valuable- animals if not ultimately infest the whole» flock. While the temperature prevails below the freezing point there is not the dan- ger of parasitic infection of the flock through drinking unclean water as dur— ing warm weather. The great danger, however, in winter comes when the tem- perature rises and surface thawing be- gins. The gradual leaching of aceumu- lat‘ed surface filth toward shallow dc- pressions in the barnyard always carries along with it millions of minute. disease germs that while living in the inert stage as soon as brought under favor- able conditions immediately begin to ' controued by an air float. - THE MICHIGAN FARMER An~ inch pipe conductor can be laid under ground and the sheep trough located in a convenient. place in the sheep barn. The small drink- ing trough has the advantage of being easily cleaned and the water is always fresh. Sheep, to do their best, should have water constantly before them so that they may drink whenever so inclined. Shlawassee Co. LEO C. REYNOLDS. PROGRESS THE SHIBBOLETH OF THE LIVE STOCK MAN. The onward march of progreSS is find- ing its way 00 all departments of indus- try and the farmer should be alert to claim his share and thus better his con— ditlon. Recent statistics show stock pro- duction failing to keep pace with our population in the United States. Also that prices of farm produce have risen along with land and practically all food products. ()ur increasing population and the demand for greater luxury has brought forth a condition in rural affairs which deScrves careful study. The fact that live stock is not increasing normally is most lamentable and certainly regret- able from an economic standpoint. Now that prices of meat and butter have reached a high point, the stockman should be in a position to realize on the short- age. In the face of this, however, many cattle producers are selling their stock simply because the market is good. Like killing the goose that laid the golden egg, their policy is short—sighted. To turn rough, cheap forage into a finished product, as butter, beef, pork, or mut- "The Right Kind of Farm Team,” says grow and multiply. >Sheep that are de- prived of an adequate supply of clean drinking water will drink from these shallow depressions of aet-umulated sur- face water, consequently take into their system a large amount of organic mat- ter in which millions of deleterious dis- ease germs are embodied. No matter how strong and healthy the flock may be it cannot withstand abuse of this na- ture and heavy loss is sure to follow. Aside, from the deleterious influence un- clean watcr has upon the physical con- dition of the ewe fiock there is the im- measurable impairment of the vitality of the unborn young that must receive its supply of nourishment through the sys- tem of the mother. All the nourishment supplied the foetus during its various stages of developnu-nt is carried in chem- ical conjunction with water. As a very large portion of flesh and bone during the early stages of tht-lopincni“ contains a high per cent of water it is obvious that unless the supply is clean and wholesome healthy growth cannot pro- gress. There is little question but’ what an immeaSurable portion of weakness manifest in lambs at birth is traceable to the effect of unclean water during the early stages of gestation. All impurities of foods taken into the animal system must in a measure pass into the blood and ultimately into the system of the unborn young. Therefore the flock own- er who deSires to promote healthy, vig- orous growth in the unborn lamb crop should not lose sight of the importance of» furnishing the pregnant ewes with clean drinking water during the winter months. For sheep a small 'drinking trough is preferable to a large one. \Vhere a. wat- er level can be secured from a large trough used for other stock I have found this an excellent method. My plan is, to use a. small trough holding about three gallons of water so placed on a level with a large trough where the water is their Owner, C. H. Barton, of Eaton Co. ton, means economy, not only in the use of land but also a wise principle for the permanent welfare of a community. A people who turn out a finished product enjoy the benefits of all its stages of manufacture. \Vith high-priced hay and stock feeds, the cost of producing live stock has in- creased but with t'he use of the silo pre- serving forage in its best condition and rendering it a succulent, nutritious food through all seasons of the year, we have a means of greatly lowering the cost of production. Corn silage can be produced on the farm at a cost of $2 per ton, in- cluding all expense, interest on money in- vested, taxes. etc. and it can be turned to a good value, at from $7 to $8 per ton when fed to dairy or beef animals. The use of the silo for horse feeding and sheep feeding is taking a most important part in these industries. Recently one Of the largest importing establishments in the middle west erected a large silo and are now feeding silage to their 2,000 horses. Some. of the biggest sheep feed- ers are~ using silage and find it a most economic food. lVit‘h this new equip- ment for canning what is usually wasted, we will be able to cope with new condi- tions. W'orn land can be brought back to the richest producing soil, for by keep- ing stock and utilizing the roughage on the farm, the soil will be built up. As improved machinery, the science of spray- ing, improved market conditions and methods of transportation have come, so will follow improvements which will bet- ter our condition and make life easier and happier. To be alive, however, to these new interests, and to take advantage of them‘means progress and we must be ever alert to search for improvements and economic principles which will assist us in our Work. We are accused of being too progressive, too anxious to take up with new things, but this is not true. We cannot be too progressive. The farmer (Continued on page 252). 7—223 Save That Hard Work. Save Your Horses, too, and Your Money You take no chances in buying the GREAT WESTERN. Ove r 100,000 farmers have used them during the last twelve years and swear by the old reli- able, time-tried Get the machine that operates with least efiort—that gives no trouble—that makes more profit—that is so strong, so simple, so durable, as to make it the one perfect spreader. Great Western Here is the traced GREAT WESTERN stands the hardest pull under worst conditions. of other years. except that it now has and won’tfiull ouz. Simplest D rive: roller bearings and I Direct chain drive—- is made low down— no concealed gears. waist high -—just everything in plain right -- with s a f e sight: simple shifting clearance 11 n d e r- device: entire mech‘ neath for rough anism is stopped g r o u n d, obstruc- while driving to or tions and top dress from field. Turns in on growing corn. its own length. Built Wheels are under for perfect perma- lhe load—wheel base nent service — eco- is s h o rt : result, nomical operation— “’0" .' > lightest possible r _ r” lIijfetime ldurabilitg. draft ——easy pull —— - " uyyour aslsprea - a saving on horses Far More Economical and Satisfactory 6,- mm, by making it a Great Western. Get Our New Spreader Book. Things We Do We build them right. _ Vi?! put the wheels under the load so as to make light ra t. We use a heavy. double front bolster and heavy malle- able fifth wheel, so you can’t. pull the front out. We make a short. wheel base so you can turn anywhere. We use roller bearings throughout and an endless roller bearin apron with 102 rollers. . We iui d the “World’s Best" Spreader to give you long service and the best work at the lowest possxble cost. Ask for new spreader book. it’s free. and harness . Double heavy oak bolster. 16-inch malleable fifth wheel: Things We Won't Do We won’t build them light or flimsy or han the load between the wheels just to save a few inches in height. We won’t use a narrow front truck, because you couldn’t top dress. . We won’t cheapen the frame by using light construc- tion with only two sets of rollers, or a elf-apron, or anvvvof the chea 1' means. . _ e won't bui d a spreader m 9. cheap way Just to sell, 1' ,ardless of satisfaction in use. e want on satisfi ad or no sale, and you will be with the GREA WESTERN. Rock, Island Plow Co.. 2428 Second Ave., Rock Island, Ill. Send for our Free Silo Book I A 50 page, illustrated treatise on how to prepare and preserve silage, how to select a. 5110, how to feed. A book worth money to farmers. o TH lMPERlSHABLE 511.0 “ The one silo that is absolutely permanent—whose con~ struction is such that it cannot burn, cannot be blown down, will never shrink, crack or swell and that never needs re~ ‘ Built of hollow vitrified clay blocks that keep Silage airs. . . Eweet and palatable. The most attractive 5119 made. Can be built by any mason. The most economical Silo in the end. Professor Van Pelt The famous cow judge, has an article in our Silo Book. 50 has Valancey E. Fuller and other authorities on feeding stock. Every stock owner should get this book and read it. Send for copy today, asking for catalog A. _ NATIONAL FIRE PROOFING _ Q, COMPANY to - ‘o Huntington, Ind. ...-III A. most wonderful and un- heard of book offer. It equals the famous ‘ . “Black Beauty' in human interest—- surpasses it in practi- cability. “Kate” a victim Great Horse Story .. “Kate and Queen” “‘ By 01' poor handling is vividly Prof ree contrasted with "Queen" who was ' more fortunate. You sympathize with Jesse one-rejoice With the other—oven as the child of fortune. Prof. Beer-y has skillfully woven into this intensely interesting and ' true story, many valuable suggestions for handling horscs~a result. of a lifetime's exporienco. SPECIAL FREE OFFER Prof. Beery desires that every home owner, trainer, breeder— everyone interested in horses—should road this great story. To make it possible, for a short; time he offers every interested horse- man a. cop FREE. He only asks that. ten cents be sent; to cover ostago. an the names and addresses of five othcrhorso owners. Send _. S. Stamps or. coin. If you have even a passing interest in horses —1favou own, train or brood them you will gather from this book a - fun of knowledge worth many dollars to you. Send for copy. -' FRE With each book we also send free a beautiful colored ' picture of Quoen--oil painting oflectusuitabm for framing. ' PROF. JESSE BEERY, Box 577 Pleasant Hill, 0. ho” High for the slum waif and laugh. wit Bccry l Z-Gauge Hammerless ‘,‘ Pump ” Guns W 1” hammerless 12-gauge : repeating shotgun, Model 28, is a fine-appearing, beautiful] - . balanced gun, Without any objectionable humps or bumps; no holes 32m top for gas to blow out Ellilgiiughsfignwfieaggdgctlsmm;.tcan tflflrccze 1:in with rain, snow, or sleet; it’s solid steel breech . .- ' rmisa orou sm t' ' " saxety; qtnthe are“ breech-loading shotg yuzrgi‘ilgltrical gun Without sacrificmg strength or Ki I_t IS amanerleu With .501“ Steel'Brgech (inside as well as 0Ut)—-Solld Top—Side fiction—Matte Barrel (Wthh _costs $4.00 extra on other guns—Pres. Button Cartridgg go ebulsg—(to remove loaded cartridges quickly from magazine without working through action) on e Extractors—.Tckcgpown feature—Trigger and Hammer Safety. Handles rapidly; guaranteed in shooting ability; price standard Grad. "A" sun. $22-60- ‘ Send 3 stamps postage for big catalog describing No. ”éMh/l‘” . a a1!” 0 28 A, B, C, D: T and Trap Special and all other ‘ repeating rifles and shotguns. Do it now! 127 Willow Street. New Haven. Conn. I FEB. 22, 1918. We cannot believe that there is a sensible man living who would purchase any other than 3. DE LAVAL Cream Separator for his own use if he would but, SEE and TRY an improved DE LAVAL machine before buying. It is a fact that 99% of all separator buyers who do SEE and TRY 3. DE LAVAL machine before buying purchase the DE LAVAL and will have no other separator. The 1% who do not buy the DE LAVAL are those who allow themselves to be in- fluenced by something other than real genuine separator merit. Every responsible person who wishes it may have the Free Trial of '3. DE LAVAL machine at his own home without advance payment or any obligation whatsoever. Simply ask the DE LAVAL agent in your nearest town or Write direct to the nearest DE LAVAL office. The new 72— —page De Laval Dairy Hand Book in which important dairy questions are ably discussed by the best authorities is a book that every cow owner should have. Mailed free upon request if you mention this paper New 1913 De Laval catalog also mailed upon request Write to nearest otiicc. THE DE LAVAL SEPARATOR CO. NEW YORK CHICAGO SAN FRANCISCO SEATTLE 11111 111111111111 ““11 Irl‘li‘l illllllll llizr l' Tr" ' 11. .11]. I 1 l11 \lllzl 11'1i1‘ ll .111 1ll111’ . ”'5!" "lllllllll111lIIIIIIII . ’1 11111111 I ’ 11111111 . 11!..11.1l1'1.l,_1l all I'll.” ’Il'nlii ‘1’, ONCRETE structures on the farm are warm in winter, cool in summer, fireproof, clean, ratproof and everlasting. Concrete barns, silos, granaries, gar- ages and houses are ideal for the farmer. It IS unsafe for the farmer to keep his automobile in the barn. An outside shelter 1s necessary. Make it fireproof and build it of UNIVERSAL Concrete work is easily done by the farmer. Write us for any one of the following books: Concrete in the Country Concrete Silos Concreting‘ in Cold Weather or for the following plans, specifications and instructions: I—Cement Sidewalk 2—Cement Water Troughs 3-rCement Porch and Steps Universal Portland Cement co. CHICAGO PITTSBURGH MINNEAPOLIS ' 72 West Adams St. Frlck BuIIdIng Securlty Bank Bulldlnc - ' _ , Planis a: Chicago and Pittsburgh. Annual Output 12.nnn. nnn annals ' Dairy fillIIIImilllIlllllIIIlllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllIllllllllllllIrT=. CONDUCTED BY. COLON C. LILLIE. 'IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII THE ECONOMY OF SILAGE AND AL- FALFA FOR THE DAIRY COW. We should recognize the dairy cow as a. machine, said Prof. G. M. Brown, of the Agricultural College, in the intro- ductionof an able address on the above subject of the recent state dairymen’s meeting. Now that scientific research gives us a knowledge of food values and energy we are able to determine just what bart of the food given'the dairy cow is used for the manufacture of pro- ducts and what she requires for the up- keep of the body, and the amount of food going into the milk of the average well-fed cow has been determined to be 30 per Cent of the energy of the food. A real good steam engine does not use more than 20 per cent of the energy in the fuel'burned. so that the cow is more efficient than the steam horse. But while the cow is to be considered a machine it has been found impossible to make milk mechanically. The chem- ist and biologist are able to tell the many different things of which milk is composed, but should they attempt to put these different materials together for the purpose of getting milk they will fail. Prof. Brown expressed it as his belief that the man was the big thing when efficiency in the dairy is considered. A good man with a poor cow, he believed. would ultimately attain a higher success than would a poor dairyman with agood cow. The good dairyman would improve his animals and his land to where it would pay while the careless and ignor- nnt man would allow his stock and farm to decline. In this day when feeding is being done more carefully by the progressive dairy- men there are certain .ihings about a feed that men wish to know: They wish to be informed of the nutrients it contains and in what quantity and they want to know if it is appetizing and whether it will make an economical feed or not. Of the nutrients they are concerned about the protein content since it is this ele- ment that c0sts most and yet is required in its proportionate quantity to give maximum results. Carbohydrates and fats are also required nfOI' producing energy and heat, and dry matter is present to satisfy the appetite of the animal. Generally speaking, the more roughage we can feed an animal the more com nomical will be her feed bill. The rea- son for this lics largely in the fact that rgougha e (an almost invariably be pro- duced by the dairyman himself while the concentrates are often imported. or are produced at such high Cost that they cannot compete with such roughage feeds as silage, alfalfa, clover, etc. It is wise, then. to plan for a liberal supply of roughage and one can with a little care, grow crops that will take the place of a very large portion of the costly concen— trates. According to the latest standards of feeding, a feed consisting of 40 lbs. of silage and 15 IbS. of alfalfa hay will make a balanced ration for the dairy cow so far as the quantity of each of the essential nutrients is concerned. At Ihis point the speaker referred the audience to tables ho had prepared showing the change in feeding standards and the feeds required to meet the needs of each. He pointed out that a tendency exists among dairymen of this country to feed the wider ration 'to the milch cow and in harmony with this tendency Prof. Hecker has suggested a standard with a ratio of 1:7.2 instead of the “’0le- Lehmann standard with a ratio of 1:4.5. According to the latter standard it would require 24.2 lbs. of alfalfa hay to furnish the amount of protein required by an average dairy cow, 37.5 lbs. to supply the carbohydrates and 96.6 lbs. to produce the fats. According to Haecker's stan- dard 20 lbs. 34.3 lbs. and 64 lbs. would be required to furnish the protein car- bohydrates and fats respectively. The figures for clover hey are 50.7, 37.5 and 48.2 for Wolff-Lehmann standard and 2.9, 36.80 and 35.50 respectively for Haeckerr’s standard. Of silage would be required about 257.6 lbs., '100 lbs. and 124.2 lbs. respectively. ' Prof. Brown declared that .while it was possible to provide a.‘ balanced ration by the use of roughage only, yet because of the energy required to digest so large a; bulk of feed the practice was not to be gillllllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllllllIlllillllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllillllillllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllL’ . Mllllillllllllilllilllllllfliilli commended. For example,.green grass and ensilage are easily digested, while corn fodder, straw and similar feeds ade difficult to digest. Ic requires from 3010 50 per cent of energy furnished by corn fodder to digest it and lfrom 50 to 70 per cent of that of straw, so that little re- mains for other uses by the animal; whereas, grass only requires from five- to 10 per cent of its own energy to prop- erly assimilate it. This explains why succulent feeds should be used and also why a portion of the dairy cow’s ration should be made up of concentrates, be- cause it reduces the amount ‘of dry mat- ter that needs to be handled by the di- gestive system of the cow in order to secure the necessary amount of food nutrients for a maximum production. The next point made was that liberal feeding should be practiced. A cow must first satisfy the needs of her own body before milk is secreted and it has been calculated that 43 per cent of the food used by an average dairy cow is required to maintain her body. It is reasonable, therefore, to conclude that the maximum profits will result only when the cow is fed all the appetizing food she can digest and assimilate and remain in a healthy condition. The speaker then compared alfalfa with‘ other feeds, figuring on a yield of four tons of alfalfa hay per acre. This is a. very conservative average according to many of those who have had experience with this crop. To provide the nutrients found in four tons of alfalfa hay would require 4.3 tons of clover hay. This would mean that it is necessary to grow double the average clover crop in order to equal the other. “'hen compared with timothy hay it is found that it would require 4.16 tons to give the amount of dry matter in the four tons of alfalfa; 15 tons of timothy hay to provide the amount of protein; 3.8 tons to furnish the amount of carbohydrates; and about three tons to supply the fats. Since protein is the expensive element in our feeds it is readily seen that timothy is not an eco- nomical crop to grow for the dairy farm- er as compared with alfalfa. He next compared the alfalfa hay with oats. To produce the necessary amount of dry matter it would require 4.9 tons of oats, which'would equal a yield of 255 bushels per acre: to produce the same amount of protein it would require 4.7 tons of cats, or 294 bushels ”per acre; to supply the carbohydrates would require 73.2 tons of oats or just 200 bushels per acre; and to supply the fat would re- quire .85 of a ton, or 53 bushels per acre. As compared with bran. to supply the amount of dry matter in four ions of alfalfa hay 74.15 tons of bran are need- ed: to SUpply the protein would require 3.5 ions; the carbohydrates 3.8 tons;and the fats 1.4 tons of bran. \Vhen com- pared with cottonseed meal analyses Show that it would take 3.9 tons of this meal to supply the dry matter contained in a. four-ion quantity of alfalfa; 1.1 ilons of meal to supply the carbohydrates; and .35 of 11 ton to supply the fats in the al- falfa. It is therefore seen from these comparisons that an ordinary alfalfa crop is one 111‘ the most economic sources of feed for the dairy herd. The last argument made by.the Pro- fessor was for ensiloing corn. He show- ed that when a corn crop that would yield 50 bushels of ears per acre and produce about 12 ions of ensilage, is en- siloed, that the amount of dry matter produced would equal the dry matter in 3.9 tons of corn I]l€.ll or 3.3 tons of glu- ten meal; that the amount of protein contained in the ensilagc would equal that in 2.75 tons of corn meal, or .56 Of a tou of gluten meal; that the amount of carbohydrates in the ensilage would equal the amount in 4.96 tons' of corn meal or four tons of gluten meal, and that the amount of fats contained in the cnsilage would equal the fats in 2.4 tons of corn meal and in 1.37 tons of_gluten meal. Thus to make available the nutri- ents produced by the corn plant in the most economic manner means that the 'silo must be employed. The Banquet. In addition to the program, a banquet was held on Thursday evening, February 6, in the large dining—room of the Hotel Fordney, “’est Bay City. Mr. N. P. Hull presided as toastmaster, and the following persons responded: Ex—Gov. Fred. M. \Val‘l'lel‘§.Ml‘. Tracy, secretary Saginaw Board of Trade; Mr. Floyd W. Robison: Mr. Vandenboom: Mr. Raw], Chief of Dairy Division, Vi'ashlngt’on,‘ D. (3., and Mr. L. C. Smith, of Boston, Mass. ' The address of Mr. Tracy was pecu- liarly interesting. He took for his theme (Continued on page 222). ‘ -na‘" 43“.- .e wwxsrynxuww “W I. FEB. 22, 1913. SILO AND OTHER DAIRY QUESTIONS. Could you give me some kind of an estimate of how much more silage there would be in the last half of a. silo 10x30 ft.? It settled three doors, 71/2 ft., then I have fed 4% doors. I would call it fair- lY 'well tramped; two were in the silo all the while but it was filled in five hours. Would tar or raw linseed oil be the best for coating on the inside of silo? My cows don't seem to want clover hay when I feed lots of silage. Wouldn’t it be bet- ter to feed a, little less silage and have them eat more clover hay? I feed 2 lbs. of cottonseed meal and the rest ground oats and bran. Saginaw C0. F. B. I cannot tell you very accurately how much more the silage will weigh in the bottom of the silo than it will up to- wards the top. There is no question but what it is packed firmer together from its own weight at the bottom of the silo, and being more compact -of course a cubic foot of it would weigh more. On the average it is estimated that ensilage in a silo will average 40 pounds to the cubic foot. I presume if the average for the entire silo was 40 pounds to the cubic foot that the bottom half of the silo would average somewhere like 50 pounds to the cubic foot. This is a mere guess on my part. It does not do very much good to put tar or oil on the inside of a stave silo.‘ If the silo is made out of good lumber there is no use putting a (‘():lt on the in- side. That idea has been practically giv- en up. Of course, if the silo is made out of cement blocks or grout or if it is a tile siio’ then it should be plastered on the inside/with rich portland cement so as to make it air and water tight, but you need no coating on the slaves. If the ‘cows do not seem to relish the clover hay when they are fed corn silage 1 should be suspicious that there is some- thing the matter with the c‘ovcr hay. Probably it wasn’t cut green enough; you waited until it got too ripe. This takes the nice iiavor and aroma out of clover hay and cattle have to be urged to eat it if they can get something else. In this case I would not feed excessively of cnsilage and would try and get them to eat a good fair ration of clover hay. It would be better for them, and you have the clover hay and want to get your money out of it. SO I think your idea would be correct. to feed only a good liberal ration of corn Silage twice a day and then encourage them to eat a good food of clover hay. ‘ Your grain ration with your roughage is a splendid ration. Two pounds of cotton- 5 seed meal per cow is a sufficient amount, and then the ground oats and bran, mix- ed equal parts by weight, and feed a suiti- cient amount of this, taking into consid—. eration the cottonseed meal, to make a, pound of grain a day for every pound of. butter-fat which the cow produced in a week. BEAN PODS AS PRINCIPAL ROUGH- AGE WITH CORN SILAGE. “'ill you please tell me what grain to feed? I am feeding silage which had about 30 bu. of corn to the acre and bean pods for roughage. Cottonseed meal costs $33 per ton, gluten meal, $28, corn 50c per bu., oats 450 per bu., buckwheat bran and middlings together, $15 per ton. I havo clover hay. but I have all the bean pods they can eat from now until spring. Arenac Co. C. C. Where one has an abundance of bean pods or, in fact, any one particular kind of forage, it is good business manage— ment to try and work this off as much as possible. That is the only way you can get anything out of the bean pods, is to feed them. And yet, I wouldn't want to depend upon bean pods entirely for the roughage for the cows, and I think it would pay you to put in a small fecd of hay. many bean pods as they will without the hay, making bean pods the principal part of too dry roughage, and then give what silage they will eat up clean. This should give you a good basis ration. For grain-1' would feed all of the buckwheat bran and middlings at $13 per ton that I thought was profitable. I would also put in a little corn meal into this ration and also make a portion of it cats. I would suggest that you mix the grain in proportion of 200 lbs. of buckwheat bran and middlings, 100 lbs. of corn meal, and 50 lbs. of oats, and I believe that this will make a pl‘et'ty good ration. You may find that it would pay you to put in the place of the corn meal, gluten feed, which will give you a little larger per cent of protein. You can tell by trying this. Then if you feed the cows as many pounds of grain per day as they produce pounds of butter-fat in a week you can expect them to do their best. They will eat almost as: THE MICHIGAN FARMER I 9—225 ( Price You Get forAbout 8 bs.of Butter Puts T/iis Big the Small TOR Then the machine itself will earn the other easy payments before they are due. Our'BlgChicngo Factory Build- , ingcwhereNew 1 Lg ButterflyCi-eam ' Separators are & undo. n-novan co.* . Just think what this liberal otter means to p 1%, you. big, fine, labor-saving, butter. the cost at all. ‘ ___> n..,_-. New Butterfly Cream Separators $24 a month for eleven months— no interestto pay—~no extras. Skims 95 quarts of milk per hour. sizes up to No. 5% shown here. You can now obtain one of these money-making separators DIRECT FROM OUR FAC- TORY by making a payment of only $2 , down—the price you get for about 8 pounds of You have the machine to use twice a day on your farm—you get one-fourth to one- third more cream—you have fresh warm skim milk for the calves, pigs and chickens—you do away with dirty milk pans and cans, making housework easier for the women folks, and before you realize it this big money-maker is all paid for out of your extra cream profits. You don’t feel Surely this is a splendid oppor- tunity for you to get one of the finest separators made—one of the famous New Butterflys, of which thousands are in daily use. You can’t afford to miss it. Only $2 Down—1 Year to Pay buys the New Butterfly Junior No, 2 ;‘ —light running, easy cleaning, close skim- ming, durable—pay only $2.00 down and then $2.00 Guaranteed a life-time. Send the coupon below for FREE catalog folder and latest, rock-bottom, factory—to-farm price-list. 29 Days’ Free Zrial The ‘\ Milk Tank ' _, In low down ‘ Ind colt-draining Made also in four larger only $2.00 with your order. machines. farm prices. Address Easy Payments—No Intere‘st When you receive our catalog you can quickly decide which size New Butterfly Separator you want to try 30 days at our risk. Send We will gladly ship any machine we make—large or small—with this understanding, that you are to use it on your farm 30 days at our risk. end of this trial you are not fully satisfied—if you are not; convinced beyond all doubt that the New Butterfly Separator is the best separator you can buy even at twice the price we ask, simply return it to us at our expense and we will refund every penny you have paid including the freight charges both ways. SINGLE PENNY by accepting this offenYou take no chance whatever. Send LlLe Coupon Today Just fill out the coupon at the right and take advan- tage of this remarkable offer at once. Never before have you had such an opportunity—perhaps never again will it be so easy for you to get one of these big, fine, labor-saving, money-making When our 1913 stock is sold this offer must be withdrawn. You should act quickly. Send the coupon NOW and get our big, FREE Catalog Folder, printed in colors, with astonishingly low factory-to- AlBAUGH-DOVER C . This cut shows our big slzefilfi. Skims550 to 6(1)le. of milk 6: hour. Has easy c caning. one piece Aluminum skimming device. Iow t. nnk and frictionless pi vo t ball bearing. Terms only $2down and small monthly payments. Proof From Actual Users Albangh-Dover Co, Chicago. Ill. Dear Sim: the New Butterflyl Separator has proved to be the best paying mac ino on the farm. he cream from four cows brought; us $24.00 for the month of October. I can recommend it. to be as easy running and as easy toolean as any on the m: e . . Yours very trulv Williamstown, Ohio. 0. o. 'I‘RACKLER. Albangh-Dover 00., Chicago. Ill. -.~-~.-~—-—-v- ~— Dear Him: '0 have been using one Of the NOW Butterfl Cream Separators for about. four years and mi an it is the easiest. running. easiest. cleaned an closest skimming machine I ever saw. I can recommend them to anyone wanting 8 first-class separator. Yours trul . Donnellson. Iowa. CHAS 11. Kill HNE'R. - I - I - I - I - I Albaugh-Dover 00.. mailMurshall Blvd. Chicago, Ill. Please mail me our FREE Catalog Folder with full description of 8.] sizes. factory-to-farm prices and I terms. Name ...................................................... » l 2269 Marshall Blvd. P‘ 0‘ ----------- ~- Chicago, Illinois (1 7) If at the YOU DON’T RISK A GOING TO BUILD A SILO? Send your name today for our silo book. Your choice of two famous silos. Get most; authoritative figures on silage feeding profits and startling facts about The Hinge Door and Lansing Silos (Copyrighted) Hinge-Door Silo has the only practical door construction. - Lansing, Mich., E. St. Louis, Ill., Ma ville, Mo., To eka. Kas.. Woods Bros. Silo & Mfg. Co. Lexington, Ky” Minneapolis D General Offices: - Lincoln, Neb. ids, Iowa, Spokane, Wash. Write Dept. 15, Nearest Ofiice. Book Free-write quick. Minn” enver, COL, Cedar Rap- AMERICAN tile $3 to $5 per thousan . FARMERS’ CEMENT TILE MACHINE 00-. Makes tile 3 to 8 inches in diam., 12% inches long. One man or boy operates it by hand or DOWer. 500 tile per day by hand, 1.200 by power. process. No tamping or use of pallets. This machine and tile used by Experiment Stal- tions of Agricultural Colleges and the U. S. Dept. of Agriculture. 5,000 farmers have doubled the yield of land by underdrainage, and saved 75% of cost by using our Machine. You can do the same. Save cost of hauling and breaking. Make perfect d MACHINE SOLD DIRECT FROM FACTORY TO YOU. TEN DAYS' FREE TRIAL SEND NOW for {is-page Illustrated Catalogue. Tells you about great benefits of underdramage. how to take . levels and get grades. make and lay your tile at low cost. i ' I SEPARATOR THIS OFFER IS NO CATCH. It is a solid proposition to send. on trial. tully guaranteed. a. new. well made. easy running separa- tor for $15.95. Skims hot. or cold milk; making heavy or light: cream. Designed especially for small dairies. hotels and private families. Different from this pic- ture, which illustrates our large capacity machines. The bowl is a. unitary marvel, easily cleaned. G e :1 rs horoughly rotected. Western order: fll ad from Western points. Whether your ldairy is large or small. write us and obtain our handsome free catalog. )Addms: . . Box 307 . ST. JOHNS. Mlcfl. “ERICA" SEPARATOR CO. “mailinghux. Tile thoroughly cured by patent MMJQW R & V “Triumph” Gasolene Engines Popular l'arm Power Develop even more than rated horse- power. Easil started, smooth-running. depend- able. nomical in use of fuel. Speed easily increased or decreased. Best type of magneto on the market. Portable and stationary engines. Light Well Built Durable ‘ Neat 3 Compact as..- _ __.. "NANDUT ‘. JUR l‘ ' -" R & V “Triumph" Engines can be fur— nished in sizes 1 to 12-hp., with the hop er- cooling system. This cooling system oes away with tank, pump, piping and fittings, making a neat, compact engine noted for its good working qualities. N o air-cooled engine troubles to contend with. - Letting Gasolene Do It 39.280333: the convenience and money-saving points of a gasolene engine. Get this book and see how you can make your work easier. Lower left—hand corner of advertise- ment tells you how “to get these books." Joh Flexible spring pressure Is the only spring-pressure harrow, and, therefore, only flexible harrow built. Spring- pressure secures greater penetrating power and more thorough cultivation. Instant leveling for all conditions enables operator to keep all discs cutting an even depth. High, solid steel gang frames make it extra still and strong, and give extra clearance. Bigger Crops from Better Tells on how to pre- seed Beds pare 3your seed beds . for a bigger and better crop ’79 yield. You’ll profit by reading ' this interesting little booklet. Lower left-hand corner of ad. tells you how “to get these books.” Illustrates and de- scribes the most com— plete line of farm implements. Tells how to adjust and use them under varying condi- tions It hasa practical ency- clopedia f or the farm, and is worth dol- lars to you. Write to us at once 0 Get These BOOkS stating which books you want, and they will be mailed free. To to be sure that you get a copy of “Better Farm Implements and How to Use Them” ( ask us for Package No. X 5 ohn D 1 ——:._:'—.a: ------- A .‘ » r ‘. . “~———h'~__":s_=?==~ it '2 - . ——-==_—_-_.—.-::: There is a wagon made othat is stronger, more durable and of lighter draft than any other. This wagon is Built Like a Bridge Entirely of steel I-beams, channels and angles, solidly held together with large steel rivets, put in hot under great pressure. ~ . Like the steel railwa bridge, it is constructed for hardest etime service. Stron and durable. . Eac front gear and each rear gear 1! practically one solid piece that can not come loose or apart. Steel Wheels This wagon has steel wheels that are trussed and made with s tension, the strongest known wheel construction. ’1‘ H 125M; c g 1cm FA R M E R. * in. 3...... s... Mn...» “1: - 1:» .». 1.- » ..—»~. ‘11: :4— ' .fléhr v1- E or he is sta ered and for hot into the tire. . vaelglh‘ieu as togghether the “2:18 is at the top, side or bottom of the wheel, it always cars ries its share of the load. Whoa on a Davenport wagon will stand up and work indefinitely. Roller Bearings . That roller bearings reduce draft is straight roller bearing I generally conceded. Of the various styles, the the simplest and most successful. They are practically everlasting. For this we on, the straight roller bearing is especially adapted. The spind es and hubs are straight. straight roller bearings. it is of light draft. “A. :g .m— Potato Planter The Leading Potato Planter in All Potato Growing Sections Accuracy in a Potato Planter is the prime essential. This is found in the Aspinwall Planter-a machine that is staunchly built, will do good work and is easily handled. CONVENIENTLY OPERATED Both feed and coverer tension are regu- lated from the seat. No removal of bolts-— simply turning the thumbscrew does the wor . All parts are thrown in and out of gear automatically when lowering the low for work or raising it at the end of eac row. This machine plants a greater range of seed, as to size and shape. does it easier and with less friction and wear. than any planter of its kind. DOUBLE ROW PLANTER A double row machine is made with extra large hopper capacity. Either single or double row planters may be equipped with fertilizer attachment. The Aspinwall is absolutely the only machine that will plant potatoes of any size without adjustments. Suggestions from those _ The Poulo making a study of the ‘ crop. ow to rid the plant of in- sects; ow to plant potatoes: the care of the crop, and how to dig ‘x them. You will find it a great \ help in making Iyour potato ‘ crop. Lower left- and corner of ad. tells you how “to get these books. ' When the Going is Hard ing little booklet-on the wzgon question. It contains twenty-six Oi cles on we one that have been written. See lower sit-hand corner of this ed- - ' vsrtisement for how “to get these books." ~~ -: » __.:= -, fiamfi:-.._ “:1? Consequently, as this wagon is equipped with is the title of an interest- s best arti- Dunham Roller-Bearing Land Rollers and Pulverizers Dunham Land Rollers, Packers. Pulveriz- ers, and Sub-Surface Packers are made for every purpose and all soil conditions. Only first-class material enters into their construc- tion and they do good work even under the most adverse conditions. Light Draft—Roller Bearings The Dunham Pulverizers. Packers and Rollers are the only ones today equipped With Roller Bearings. The bearings revolve in the end bracket casting and the axle in turn revolves Within the bearing. All bear- 111% furnished with hard grease cups. irt proof caps fit snugly into the shoulder on the end bracket casti , completely coverin the end of the axe and making the mist bearing construction absolutely 41"”me Do Good Work Dunham Land Rollers and Pulverizers will break up the lumps. smooth oil' the field and we a perfect foundation for a full even gro crop. Runs 44. per cent easier than others Roller Bearing Construction .p- ° A little The Roller Bearing Dun b o o k that will be a great help to you in preparing your land for seed this spring. It contains suggestions from experienced men on the proper prepara- tion of the land for the seed. and you will refit by get- ting this boo . Lower left—hand corner of ad. tells you how “to get these books." — —— Egg” —g ohn Deere Plow Company Moline, 111' ~ :fi 2-5935; 255—2.;— menst 7...; "KI A WALKING PLOW “hob I Western plow sulhy to your regular walki plow ride. l'itlright or lettwoodersteel beam plowmvere give packet control in on soil. IO days free trial. fully m, Write today for particulars. esters listen-st Ca. 813'“ St. mum's. sensational pr 51:va stow or you 'nmwithsreueaad ‘l'he‘TlaaaW'hthebueefelreuhedou mama-rs. ' .PEllKllS wno not. a ENGINE co. ' the world over. lancer We make NO CHARGE for our ex- perience of fifty years. ”PERKI N S “ on our goods stands for QUALITY Catalogue ' Free. Write us about— F arm Engines. Wind Mills. Feed Grinders. Hand Trucks. Jacks. Tanks. Large Output. Low Prices. "m"... IISHAWIKA. lID.. ll. 8. A. FREE! / FEB. 22, 1913.' 7 HOW TO UTILIII GULL. DEANS F05 srocK Foop. w I have a. quantity of low-grade beans. Could they- be used to any advantage in feeding cattle or horses? Could they be cooked and mixed with other grain and fed that way? Montcalm Co. P. H. S. In Michigan this certainly is quite an important question as we raise a great many beans and probably will continue to grow them because we are in the bean belt good and proper. There isn't any other territory in the world better adapted to the growing of beans than much of; Michigan, and probably this crop ought to be encouraged here for that reason. They can‘t grow them far- ther south. with any success. And we will always have quite a large amount of Cull beans. Now these can be utilized for stock feed. If they are ground into meal you can mix a portion of this meal with other feed for dairy cows and get good results. You can boil them and get fattening steers to eat them when they are boiled. You can feed the meal to horses. You can feed bean meal to sheep, and when beans are boiled and mixed with corn meal they make splen— did feed for hogs. Most animals don't seem to like beans very well at first but will finally acquire a haste for them and do well. Cull beans at prevailing prices are certainly the very cheapest source of protein we have. Let us educate our animals to eat them. PARSNIPS FOR MILCH COWS. \Vill you kindly answer through your columns whether pursnlps are suitable for feeding a milch cow to increase the milk flow? Kent (‘0. J. E. lersnlps are not usually fed in any considerable quantity to milch cows be- cause they are raised more particularly for human food, but they are all right and suitable to be fed to the cows. They are just us good as turnips, or carrots. or rutabagaS, or any of that class of foods. It is better not to feed any of these kind of roots in too large quanti- ties. Feed them in moderate quantities, u small feed night and morning. then there will be no danger of having the milk taste of the particular kind of roots that you are feeding: this is especially so or turnips, parsnips and rutabagas. I : -don’1* think parsnips would be any better than carrots or any better than turnips or rutubagas, and certainly no better than mangel wurzel beets, but probably just us good if fed judiciously. BANQUET AT DAIRYMEN'S MEETING. (Continued from page 224). the “Promotion of Railroad Transporta- tion in the United States," and advocat- ed the government ownership of railroad freight cars. Mr. Tracy elaborated on his theme in a very delightful manner after showing the entire lack of any rc- lationship between the government ap- propriation for railroad transmiortation and the government appropriations for inland waterway transportation. W'lthout doubt his point was well taken on the fact that the greater mass of shippers of the country are more advantageously af— fected by railroad ti'anSportation than by inland waterway transportation and his remark that if the government could ap~ propriute a portion of this money to the purchasing of railroad freight cars so that in times of congestion when the produce of the country could be shipped,- the railroad companies would have at their disposal cars sufficient to move produce, thereby tending greatly to simplify demurrage problems. were spok- en to attentive hearers. This idea has not been brought forward to any great extent and now that the (heinurrage problems are becoming 'discussed by shippers and the question of government ownershipor management is being wide- ly discussed, the points brought out‘ by Mr. Tracy were exceedingly timely and deservin of careful thought. The banquet hall was filled beyond its capacity and the proceedings were very well received. Officers for 1913. The officers for the Michigan Dairy- men’s Association for the ensuing year are: President, Mr. Eldridge; vice-pres- ident, Mr. Vandenboom; secretary-treas- urer, Mr. Geo. Brownell; directors. Mr. Frary, Mr. Webb, Mr. M. Seidell, Mr.‘ Rosema, Mr. Van Slyke. Sold Out Holsteins. Please discontinue my advertisement in the Michigan Farmer, advertising Hol- stein springers and calves. as I have sold everything I care to and 'inouiries’ are coming every malice—“Tn. -J. Morgan. Saginaw, W. S., Michigan. en‘s—rd“. 22} 1‘913. , Practical FACTS RELATING TO PECUNIARY ECONOMY AND NUTRITIVE VALUE OF FOODS. BY FLOYD W. ROBISON. High Cost of Foods. Within the last two years a great deal of emphasis from the consumers’ point of View has been placed on, what seemed as excessive, costs of the articles used for human food consumption. Probably the most familiar example of high-priced food materials is ‘shown in the cost of meat, particularly pork and beef. One coming from the country town to the city is at once impressed with the great difference .in price bellween the ltwo places and the reasons therefor are not always too evident. Beef and pork have come to be exceedingly standard articles of food among Americans and therefore any sudden or steady advance in cost is very quickly noticed by consumers. The public have been almost helpless in the matter of the regularion of prices of food products. . The Consumer Should Know the Cost. it has occurred to us at various times that about. the only effective means at the disposal of the consumer to check- mate any decidedly unfair advance in the cost of these various products is for her to be more familiar with the exact cost of producing amLsubsequcifi mar- keting of food products. in the special bulletin issued by the food department of the North Dakota Agricultural l‘ix- pcriment Station, i’rofcssor Ladd out— lines some Very interesting information. ’\\'0 quote what he has to say about the and distril'nitor. more to distrilmtc our food it does to produce same. \Vhy, for exam- producer “It costs products than Why should this be? pie, should the producer receive .‘31 per cent and the distributor 60 per cent of the cost paid by the consumer for eggs? \Yhy should the farmer receive but 36.6 cents on every dollar, and the distributer 63.4 cents on every dollar for turkeys? “The following table shows the per cent to the total cost paid by the con- sumer than gtics to the handlers of food productls, the balance going to the farm- ers or producers: Per cent. Ptlultry .................... . . ....... 55.1 iiiggs, by the dozen ................. 69.0 Celery by the bunch ................ 60.0 Strawberries by the quart .......... 48.9 Oranges by the dozen ............... 20.3 Melons by the pound. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50.0 l’otatoes by the bushel. . . . . . . . . . . . .59.?! VVatermelons, singly ............... 33.5 Turkeys ........................... 63.4 Cabbages by the head ............. 48.1 Applies by the bushel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .556 Apples by the barrel ................ 66.0 ()n‘ions by the peck .............. 27.8 Green peas by the quart ........... 60.0 I’arsnips by the bunch ............. 60.0 Turnips by the bunch ............ 60.0 “Last year it is said, that the farmers sold agricultural products for about $6,- 000,000; the consumer paid for the same products $13,000,000. In other words, get- ting the food to the consumer costs more than producing the food. ilow can the cost of distribution be reduced?" It has seemed to. us that if the con- sumer were armed with reliable informa- tion :is to the exact cost of the produc— ing~ and marketing of any particular food product up to the time it is delivered to her, that information alone would tend to prevent merchants and dealers from charging excessiVo prices for these- com- modities. For instance, if it were com- monly known that dressed poultry, for exampleretails in the city market for 25 cents per pound and that 14 cents per pound of that 25 cents Were paid to the retailer for marketing the product and the other 11 cents was paid to the pro- ducer for producing it, it Seems to us as though the retailer would have a great deal more difficulty in raising his prices than if that informatiion were not gen- erally known. Again, if potatoes are re- tailed to the consumer at $1.00 per bush- el and it becomes knOWn to her that of that $1.00 she pays 60 cents to the mar- ket man for delivering it to her and 40 cents to the farmer for growing the po- tatoes, We thing it would have a counter- acting effect: on an attempt of the re- tailer to raise the price to any excessive amount. Suppose apples were likewise retailing at $1.00 per bushel and of thait‘$1.00, 56 cents were paid to the retailer for de- livering the apples to the consumer, and for their storage, of course, while 44 LENll|lllllllIlllll|Ill||lllll|IllllIllllllllll|IlllllllllllIllll|||lll|llll|Illlllllllllllllllllllllllllll|llll[Illllll|l|llllllllll|IllllllIllllllllllllllllllll|lllllllll|l|llllllllll|llll|IlllllI||lIll|||lIl|llIlllll|Illlllllllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllfll THE MICHIGAN FA'RM~ER Ell"llll|||||llllllllltl|||IlllIllll|Illllll||l|Illll|||Ill|l|lllIlllllllll|lllllllllll|llllllllllllIllllll|llllllIllllllllllll|||||Illllli||IIlllllllllllIll|lllllll|lll||l|lllIll|||||Illllllillll||||ll|l|Illlllllllllllllllllllllll|||lll|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIE Science. cents was paid to the horticulturist for growing the fruit with all its attendant labors, it seems to us that the public would be thus armed with information which would make it decidedly undesir- able for the retailer to advance the price to a prohibitive point. There can be no word of complaint. raiSed against legitimate margins of profit in the transaction of business. In fact, every manufacturer or producer of a legitimate line of industry is entitled to a. fair margin of profit on the business invested, but as the sale of oleomargarine for butter works an injustice upon the dairy industry, in the same way the ex- cessive costs to the consumer works an injustice on the producer. »Some of the consumers are more orl less familiar with cost items, but theyi are very few in numbers in comparison with the information which by far the majority of consumers have. It seems to us that if a consumer could go intoj a, grocery store armed with approximate information as to the exact cost up to: that particular time of any food or, for that matter, any other arti- cle for consumption, she would be pos-l sessed with information which could not i help rendering her more or less immune“ to excessive prices. LABORATORY R EPO RT. No Danger of an Excess of Nitrogen. I am very much interested in the I'rac- tit-a] Science articles by Floyd ltobison, and thought I might get some help from him to solve some of my own problems. i have a field of nine acres on which i want to grow potatoes this coming sea-j son. I cut a heavy growth of ciovcr on‘ it the past season. but before i could secure it for hay the rains had damaged it so badly that the Whole of it was left upon the ground. The second growth came up and (lid not fill with seed, and it’, too, was left, and was not pastured. I estimate I had easily 31/2 tons of «clean clover per acre, all left on the field. Now need I fear an excess of nitrogen? If so what shall I do to offset or overcome it? '\\'ill, the nitrogen become- available for l i l i l i the crop this coming season? Macomb Co. W. II. In answering this query, would say: that we would have been glad to know drainage conditions, etc., of this: farm, but considering the drainage good, we think you need haVe no fear of ill results from the turning under of the clover in this field. It is not easy to get an excess of nitrogen in tho soil. At any rate, while this nitrogen from the turning under of ieguminous crops be— gins to be made available at once, it. is not sporadic, and no fear need be en- tertained of its becoming a waste in the soil. I‘Ve think the rains which dam- aged the crop for hay purposes undoubt- edly conferred a very great indirect ben- efit through the necessity of using these crops now in their fertilizing capacity. the .__ TOMATO DISEASES. Orton, Pathologist of the Department. of Agriculture, \Vashington, speaking to the N. .T. Tomato Growers. gave a very instructive lecture on tomato diseases and how they may be controlled. He spoke at length upon the more com- mon diseases and pointed out. the tre- mendous loss to tomato growers annually from this cause and explained that a large share of this loss could be prevent- ed by proper and timely spraying. He spoke of a new and very disastrous dis— ease now prevalent about Grand Rapids, Mich. This disease attacks the soft tips of the vines similar to fire blight and spreads rapidly through the entire plant. He also called attention to the Fusarium “'iit of tomato, now quite prevalent in many of the southern states and gave» as the only known remedy of these two dis- eases—breeding and selecting for resist- ant qualities. He explained the most im- proved method of making Bordeaux mix- ture, recommending: Four lbs. copper sulphate;_4 lbs. lime; 50 gals. of water, and urged the growers to use extreme caution in preparing this mixture, stat- ing satisfactory results could not be ob- tained unless diluted‘solutions of both copper sulphate and lime were made be- fore they were allowed to come together in the spraying t‘ank. ‘ He recommended a high-grade pump, that would carry at least 80 pounds pressure while spraying, in order that the mixture might be thoroughly applied and driven with considerable force against Prof. TV. A. article of1 l l l I i l l 3-: FLHYI.‘ . - DUTCHMEFF‘“ p \11‘1‘3/ Dutchman Variable Drop Corn Planter . , ~ _ If you pay more than $35.00, and freight, for 3. Corn Planter you are actually throw- ing away your money. You can .save $7.00 to $10.00 and still get the World’s Best Planter. The Flying Dutchman Planter which all Flying Dutchman Dealers are selling for $35.00 F. O. B. our Factory or Warehouses at BLOOMINGTON. ILL. INDIANAPOLIS, IND. MADISON. WIS. KANSAS CITY, MO. COLUMBUS, OHIO TOLEDO. OHIO DES MOINES. IOWA SIOUX FALLS. S. D. ST. LOUIS, MO. MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. OMAHA, NEB. is the very latest and best Corn Planter we have ever built. . mm the ground up it is the best Planter that money and brains can produce. It is backed by the Flying Dutchman reputation, which has for nearly 50 years stood for the highest quality in farm implements. ABSOLUTELY ACCURATE. DROPS 2. 3 or 4. KERNELS. EDGE OR FLAT DROP. The simple Variable Drop device can be instantly changed while the Planter is in motion to 2, 3 or 4 kernels. to meet any soil requirements. e drop is as positive and accurate as the tick of your watch. Drive fast or slow and the hills are always in check—absolutely no variation nor scattering. It can be instantly changed to a Drill-simply move a lever. Write today for Free Folder showing illustration of Planter in colors. Ask your Dealer about the Flying Dutchman Planter. Moline Plow Co. Dept ‘26 MOLINE, ILL. J; .571 ‘ 144"“. ”#7143" «Mn 7,. W, ,, ,, , ' I "Hg/1’ v‘ll/yé/fliul . IN” Domglng Ali- spoooo Duo to Wrong Plowing Plow Right and Protect Your Crops The coming season may be dry and hot. Better be prepared for drought in . email/'1 .« glut—"0.1.x." lotion o Alr Space. caseit does come. Better see that no air ARV spaces are left between topsoil and sub- 012]) soil, whoever does your plowing. For ‘ those air spacescutoflthe moisture from w B below and rob you of half your crop. You'll have no air spaces if you use a Rock Island “C.T.X." Universal Plow. It turns each slice clear over. flat and Imam/z. Burles all trash. Pulverlzes dirt-saves one h_arrowing——leaves the topsoil in close contact with subsoil. In dry weather. moisture comes right up from below, like kerosene comes up your lamp wick. This feeds and saves your crops . All due to the peculiar corkscrew-like bottom on the Rock Island "C.T.X " Universal. This patented mouldboard carries the dirt backward and DO WNWARD not backward and UP- WARD, like all other plows. A very simple invention, but one that is revolutionizing all lowing methods. (Picture A showsRock Island Universal bottom. and the arrow shows ow dirt travels. Picture B shows ordmary plow bottom, and arrow shows how dirt travels I A Genulne UNIVERSAL Plow And the beauty of it Is, with (his plow on can Blow usp any field on your farm. '1'an Soti, Heavy lay. nndy Loam, Mixed Soil. Stubble Fields. Old Cornflelds. Meadows. etc.. all look alike to the Rock Island “C.'l‘.X." Universal. Saves buying a new plow or bottom for end. It's u L'n z‘reraal plow that does perfect work in all cases_nnd leaves no air spaces. That‘s why this plow so guickly became the sensation of the farm world. but 5 why you'll want it. the minute you see it. Send iigostnl now. and we will tell you where you can seen _‘ I.T.X,” and price it. You can judge yourself and Will realize why it’s so much better. ..,Lateot Catalog Free It Ictures and describes this most; popular plow comp etely. Simply write these words on post card. I am interested_ in plows. Then add name and address and mail cord to tlla‘ ROCK ISLAND PLOW CO. 248 Second Ave. QOCK ISLAND, ILL. A‘ Rock Island (0.,T.X.l Universal Plow ‘ Run on Kerosene—Cut Fuel Cost in Two Ellis Engines run on gasoline, kerosene or any fuel oil without extra equipment. On kerosene they give more power than other engines on gasoline. Do more work andsave you see on the , , , dollar in fuel. Strongest, simplest en ines made—only three working parts. The}? ‘ p. o 5 h. p.. two cylinder opposed engine wil do any work requiring from 14 to 15 h. vibration. ow first cost. low cost to run. easy to operate. E NGINE have patent throttle. giving three engines in one. Force-feed oller. automobile muffler. speed-changing governor and many other exclu- sivoffeatufrest. Rundelther way—re‘z‘ersible while running. , Buydi- rec rom ac cry on save money. a oy freight 10- car orentoo, so doyl rm trial. Write for new cat 03 showin’g 191y3 Mostlleis with special prices. ,- ELLIS ENGINE 00., HO Mulletl 8L, Detroit. Mich. the foliage. lease state that When Writing to advertisers ichigan Farmer. you saw their ad. in The THE, MICHIGAN FARMER liilillfl llll‘lll‘l l: alll .‘lllllllu «lll' ll'} ill At Your of all, it feeds. 4” Soil Is Alive TO all intents and purposes, soil is alive. It breathes, works, rests, it drinks, and, most important It responds to good or bad treatment. It pays its debts, and pays with interest. many times compounded. Being alive, to work it must be fed. During the non-growrng seasons certain chemical changes take place which make the fertility in the Soil available for the next season’s crop. lant food is addedto soil on which plant food to the soil. Unless But this process adds no crops are grown, unless the soil lS fed, in time it starves. There is one best way to feed your soil. essentia 8 quantity with an Stable manure, which contains all the of plant life, should be spread evenly and in the proper I H C Manure Spreader I H C manure spreaders are made in all styles and sizes. There are low machines which are not too low, but can be used in mud and deep snow, or in sloppy bar ayards. They are made With either endless or reverse aprons as you prefer. Frames are made of steel, braced and trussed like a steel bridge. Sizes run from smallg narrow machines for orchard and vine ard spreading, to machines 0 aced well under the box, where it carries farms. The rear ax e is p capacity for large over 70 per cent of the load, insuring plenty of tractive power at all times. Beaters are of large diameter to prevent winding. The teeth that cut and pulverize the manure are square and chisel pointed. The apron drive controls the load, insuring even spreading whether the machine is working up or down hill, or on the level. I H C Spreaders have a rear axle differential, enabling them to spread evenly when turning corners. A local dealer handling these machines will show you all will do your work best. from him, or, write Chicago ' and White Rock Oockerels and cook Black orpmglon birds for sale. Eggs in season. Drop me a card for prices. 0. A. SMITH. Willis. Mich. BARRED ROCK FEMALE ’flel'iggEfl sale. W. O. COFFMAN. R. 6, Benton Harbor, Mich. ' ' Barred Rock, R. 1. Beds. Mam- Pnze Winning moth Pekin and I. Runner ducks. Stock for sale. Eg s $1, $2. $3. per set. Utility’s5 per'100. EMWOOD FARM? B. B. No. 13. Grand Rapids, Mich. bred to lay. Eggs E gaday Barred Rocks”,0m mom 13.}... $1. per 15. Ezgsday Poultry Ranch, Marshall, ich. RYSTAL WHITE ORPINGTONS 8. O.-—A few Cchoice cookerels. also eusgs for hatching. from ex- cellent laying strain. Mrs. S. Smiley, Bangor, Mich. OLUMBIA Wyandottes. Winners at ChimGrsnd Rapids. South Bend and St Jose h. Stock sndeggs. RICHARD BAWYER, Benton arbor, Michigan, FOR SALE—Barred Plymouth Rock lloclxorsls, Thom son Ringlet Strain. They are fine large birds, all yoxiang stock best we ever raised. We offer (Jock. erels now for sale at reasonsbltiqpriees. Mrs. EARL W. BARNABD, R o. 3, Saranac, Mich. CRYSTAL WHITE 0RPIRBTORS‘;§;"$d°‘°;u§§§j {35113 after January. 15th. Mating list sent. . LLIS HOUGH, Pine Crest Farm. Royal Oak. Mich. AK KNOLL POULTRY—Silver and Partridge Wyandottes and Ind. Runner Ducks. Eggs for sale. E. H. d: J.A. COLLAR, Coopersville, Michigan. sa' 6““ and white Wyandottes 5 fine lot of Br. "young stock. Newoirculeranuar let. Browning's Wynndotte Farm. R. 30, Portland. ioh. While Ryandoiles*l£z.?i.°‘lf..‘lf£2‘l.’m'§‘lll‘e‘i 2:232 lst. nfew more cockereis. L. M. Olds. Ypsilanta. Mich. ' ——N ,d f ' , ' While Wyandnlles amen?" Still 53533:?“ ”a: February. A. FRANKLIN SMITH. Ann Arbor. itch. Whllo wyamiuneven;lzlddsmrsémsrss circular. David Ray. 202 Forest Ave., Ypsilanti. Mich. LILLIE FARI‘ISTEAD POULTRY ooks.R.I.Reds.nnd 8.0.W. omega p.113“! user 315050: 350 O. 01’ 2 01' . t 01' . or 8 OOLON O. LILLIE. Ooopmville. Mich. International Harvester Company of America (Incorporated) DOGS. IOURDS FOR IIIIRIIIG P°Jl§°fi§t§lflnk FERRET: Bend2c stamp. W. E. LEOKY. Holmesville. Ohio FOX AND WOLF HOUNDS of the best English strains in Ameri- ca: 40 years emerience in breeding these fine houn for my on sport. now offer them for sale. 89 d t f C t8] 1. a. nu'isrir‘iln will Jam‘co‘: Io IEBBETS. 6000 FERRETS FOR SALE—figfifizl‘gm” 5 mm c. .i. mmxcx. Rochester. m. l , 2,000 mans railrimrssdmaalmmm mailed free. N. A._KNAPP. Roch“. 01110. their good points, and will help you decide on the one that Get literature and full information USA Sold Direct to You at _ gigs: PR I C ES 60 Days Free Trial—You Run No Risk The Witte is conceded the best engine in America. Made by E. H. Witte, mas- ter builder for 25 years. Ask any Witte user. Any size from 1% to 40horse-power all tested to ten per cent overload. 61 special advantages. And You Now PayOnly FACTORY PRICE We cut out all dealers-their profits go to you. You also get the full benefit of our low factory cost. We have no power expense at our plant, as we own our gas well; testing heatinFJighting fuel, all free. Take a 00 (in tria. Five year guarantee. Write for book, “How to Judge a G-sollne En- ine," and complete catalog. Our wholesale actnry prices will interest you mightily. Write N0 W, telling us site engine you need. WITI'E IRON WORKS CO. 2191 W Ave. llama Clty. lo. The WITTE Cuts Gasoline Bills In Half ' _~ / Ground feed will make your ‘ hogs. steers. all animals bring bigger rofits. Bowsher Mills do the b quick, because they are light running. with perfect conical shape grin s, ent from all others. Sold with or without elevators. Crush ear corn (with or with. out shocks. Grind Kafilr in the headfin :ugnds olpemallg grains. an opera . sizes—2 to 26 a P. Also sweep grinders. Saidforfolderuvnhss 0! feed. and manure- Pun-Ind ' cuckonopueuh 5 cu... Turkeys. ' else Insult-bro. Suppl and Come . Bend do for large sultry book 00.". ”Mlkll.'lox .0, Isak-‘0'. lino. “- H n-.‘§3 ”was. FEB. 22, 1913. - Poultry and Bees the Fruit GroWer’s Allies Poultry and bees are the natural! allies of the orchardis‘t in stimulating the pro- ductivity of his trees, and improving the quality of their fruit, hence a combina- tion of poultry raising, beekeeping and fruit growing suggests possibilities not to be ignored by the man who must get his living from a small acreage. A flock of chickens, domiciled in one or more movable “colony houses," will feed to a. large extent on the insects and larvae of insects found in the ground. Especially will they do this if the ground is cultivated—as it should be for the .best results in orcharding. Many of these insects, at future stages of their exist- ence, if not thus destroyed, may become- agents of injury and destruction to trees and fruit. Chickens will also devour the wormy fruit which falls from the trees, thus again assisting in the destruction of the codling moth and some other pests. “'e read much of the valuable work done by insectivorous birds in gen- eral, in this direction. They certainly do enough to merit protection against the shot-gun, even though they do occasion- ally “take toll” of the fruit. But the faithful hen does the same work, and without taking any toll. The droppings of poultry also continually add a valua- ble fertilizer to the soil of the orchard, and the fowls’ constant scratching helps maintain the moisture-conserving “dust blanket.” Meanwhile, if the feed they gather from the soil is properly supple— mented with grain rations, their produc- tion of eggs is as large as anywhere else and they can be fattened for the market with equal facility. The presence or absence of bees in an orchard is often of sufl‘icient importance to determine whether the fruit crop shall be large or small. Since practically all fruit blossoms are fructi_fied by the‘ pass- ing of pollen from one flower to another, and since the wind too frequently fails perfectly to perform the office of a. pol- lern bearer, great numbers of blossoms must remain unfertilized, but for the friendly offices of the bees, which seldom skip a bloom'as they pass from one to another in search of nectar. The pollen gathers on their wings and bodies to such an extent as often to change their color, and it is dropped on the waiting pistils of blossoms before unfertilized, thus enSurlng the “setting” of the fruit. A few hives of bees in the orchard not only make the services of the little crea- tures in this way far more reliable than when dependence is placed upon the vis- its of wanderers from distant colonies, but if clover and other blooms are near to supply them ‘with food after the fruit! blossoms have performed their office, the hives may afford a. profitable crop of honey. The three in combination—orchard, poultry and bees—would seem to 'consti- tute, in trained hands, a. very lucrative form of “intensive farming"—-a form which makes the realization of a. fair income from a, few acres entirely pos- sible. The “poultry,” however, should not include ducks and geese. These fowls will occasionally snap up a bee. and the poison of its sting is fatal to them. With chickens, bees are safe company. Minnesota. C. R. BARNES. GUARD AGAINST SPRING DWIND- LING OF BEES. If the- conditions necessary to the suc- cessful wintering of bees we're not complied with, and they have suffered from diarr- hoea, many colonies may be lost by spring dwindling, especially if the spring proves cold and backward. Even .colon- ies which appear to have gone through the winter strong in numbers may slowly lose bee after bee until the queen alone remains. This is sometimes mistaken for descrtion, but that occurs only when bees are destitute of honey or pollen, or at the 'loss of their queen. Several instances of spring dwindling with subsequent robbing of the honey, have been observed as late 215' April. The enlarged abdomen shows that the bees are suffering from'constipation or ina- bility ,to discharge their faeccs; even though they may have cleared the abdo- men since their long confinement, the intestines are in an unhealthy condition. Another cause of dwindling is the |loss of working bees from cold while in search of water or pollen for brood. To avoid or check these losses, so far as possible, the following may be ob- served: The hives should be located in a warm, sunny, well-sheltered place. The number of combs in the hive should be reduced, in early spring, with the division board to suit the size of the cluster. This helps the bees to keep warm and to raise brood. The space must again be ens larged, gradually, when the colony be- gins to get stronger. The heat should be concentrated in the brood chamber by every means possible, and not allowed to escape above. The entrance must re— main reduced. The bees should be provided with suffi- cient' stores of honey, pollen and water. Water is essential in spring, as bees can- not be reared without it unless fresh- gathered honey is being brought in. Wat- er may be supplied by removing empty combs from the hive and pouring water into them, or by having a. receptacle in a. sheltered position handy for them. Place floats of chips, grass or straw in the containers so that the bees may reach the water without! danger of drowning. A better way of furnishing water is by feeding a, thin sugar syrup, warm, at sundown. Shiawassee Co. N. F. GUTE. TURNING WASTE INTO CASH. I have a friend'who supplies a large summer boarding house with fowl. They always threw away the giblets but he ar- ranged with them, and later with others, to buy these giblets at 10 cents per lb., or rather, to allow them that much on the price of the fowls. He then marketed the giblets three times a week to cer- tain wealthy cottagers at 40 cents per 1b., Which in reality gave him 50 cents l per lb. for that part of the fowl. The giblets will average close to 1,4 lb. per fowl. Certain epicures think highly of chicken livers, broohette, curry, with Ma.- deria sauce, with bacon, with mushrooms, or some of the other innumerable ways of cooking them. New .York. A. E. VANDERyonT. THE VALUE OF MILK IN POULTRY RATIONS. Speaking before the recent meeting of Michigan State Dairymen's Association, Prof. J. Oliver Linton, of M. A. 0., del- (lured that comparatiVely few farmers fatten their chickens properly. now and then that one is found who takes pains in this regard. Occasionally, how- ever, one finds communities in which there appears to be general thoughtful- ness along this line and buyers of poul- try are usually acquainted with such sections, greatly ,tio the advantage of producers in disposing of their flocks. There certainly is more attention needed in this regard and larger returns would result if chickens were fattened with the same care that other stock is. Skim-milk and buttermilk have proven valuable for putting poultry in condition for market. Investigation has shown that for this purpose one can pay 25 cents per cwt. for buttermilk and make a. reasonable profit on the investment. A. combination of feeds suggested fer fin- ishing poultry comprised corn meal, oat meal, midd'lings and buttermilk. These milk by-products'are also of great .value in supplying the animal food so necessary to the proper balancing of laying rations. Referring Uo careful trials along this line conducted by the Ontario station, Prof. Linton presented tables showing the value of buttermilk, as com- pared with that of other forms of animal food, for feeding pens of Buff Orpingt‘ons, and also of Rhode Island Reds, as deter- mined by the Ontario experimenters. The tables are given herewith and in both Table showing result of feeding pens of Buff Orpingtons on different kinds of feeds: Feed. No. Eggs Cost Feed used. Cost. Laid. doz. Buttermilk . . . . . . .$18.16 2,040 10.680 10% meat scrap in mash ............ 19.85 1,670 14.280 Beef scrap in hop- pers . ............ 22.21 1,664 15.540 No animal food. .. 17.99 1,496 14.400 Green cut bone. .. 21.57 1,654 15.650 Table showing result of feeding pens of RhOde Island Reds on different feeds: Feed. No. Eggs Cost Feed used. Cost. Laid. doz. Buttermilk ....... $25.00 1,762 - 17.450 10% meat scrap in mash ....... 23.00 1.380 22.960 Beerf scrap in hop- pers ......... 23.92 1.625 17.760 No animal food... 17.70 750 24.090 Green__cut bone. . . 22.40 1,359 17.010 instances. with a single exception, they show that the pens fed buttermilk pro- duce-d eggs the more economically; that is, It is only ~ FEB. 22, 1913. a dozen eggs cost less when the hens were 'fed buttermilk than when given any other of the animal foods employed in the experiment. The single exception referred to is in the pen of Rhode Island Reds receiving green cut bone. A similar result obtained when skim- milk was used as a constituent of the laying ration. The pens fed skim-milk produced 248 eggs more than the other pens, and the cost per dozen of eggs was reduced to 9.8 cents. In this ex- periment it appeared that an extra egg was. received for every quart of skim- milk fed. , He also stated that these milk pro- ducts are excellent used in connection with buckwheat meal for cramming, and for crate feeding. The following mixture is recommended: One-half part corn meal, one—quarter oatmeatl and one—quar- ter middlings mixed together and allowed to absorb all the buttlenrmilk it will. Prof. Linton further stated that the commer- cially dried milk products are valuable f0r poultry feeding, investigations so far conducted indicating that this feed can be used profitably atvprevailing prices. Another point made in the address was that fancy bred chickens are not to be relied upon as egg producers. In some experimental work along this line 15 fancy show hens were compared with 15 hens bred to lay. The fowls were given the same attention as to. food and Sur— roundings, being kept under the same brooder, colony and housing conditions. \Vhen these liens began laying, those bred to lay outclassed the others by a considerable margin. One Barred Rock member of the utility group, laid 282 eggs during the courSe of the year, while one of the show—bred hens laid only 13 eggs. “'hile this experiment was not sufficiently comprehensive to draw final conclusions, it is suggestive of a point that should not escape the attention of the person who desires hens for laying purposes. ESSENTIALS TO SUCCESS WITH TURKIEYS. We used to imagine that turkeys were difficult to raise. They are, if one goes mm the business “by guess,” as we did. That was a good many years ago; and I wouldn’t like to tell of all the mistakes that were made. Perhaps it wouldn’t make very interesting reading. But while we were blundering We were also learn- ing. “'6 tried not to make the same mistake twice, and here are a few of the things that we learned: First in importance is the matter of a suitable location. No one can hope to become a successful turkey raiser with- out a good area that can be used for a range. Of course, the land need not necessarily be good for agricultural pur- poses. It may be practically worthless as farm land and yet be an ideal place for a turkey ranch. However, it should be “high and dry.” Jround that is swampy is not suitable for turkeys]. I know of one successful turkey ranch where the land is very poor and rough, with very little growing upon it but weeds, and a natural growth of scrubby trees and briars. This place being some- what isolatcd, the owner has no trouble in keeping his turkeys away from neigh- bors’ grain fields. Vthn turkeys are kept in large numbers they become a. nuisance in thickly settled districts if allowed free range. \thn kept in small enclosures they never do well. A large field or orchard, properly fenced, makes a very good pasture for turkeys, but after a time they become tired of going over the same ground day after day. When not allowed free range it is a i—Tood idea to turn them out of the turkcy field once a day and have one or two herders. I know a young girl who herds turkeys every year. It is a rather monotonous task, however. Seasonable Conveniences. During the laying and hatching season a field enclosed with woven wire fence is a great convenience to the turkey raiser. Kept in such a place, the hens cannot wander away and “steal” their nests, as they otherwise w0uld do, and when the young turkeys hatch they are much safer and less trouble. If there is no chance for the hens to hide their nests, some brush should be piled in suitable places fer their benefit. Large barrels covered with branches and pro: vided with some straw or dry leaves for nest material will sometimes meet the hens' approval. Barrels should be se- curely wedged so they cannot roll. Such nests are very convenient when the hens go tio sitting, as they can be enclosed to portect the turkeys if there is danger. THE MICHIGAN FARMER When turkeys are kept in a field dur- ing the laying season it is a good idea. to gather the eggs after the fowls have gone to roost. They resent intrusion, at this time, and we make it a rule never to let a turkey hen see us near her nest when it can be avoided. A large house or shed that can be used for both old and young is a great con- venience. Such a house can be built at small expense. It should have a good roof, but no floor is necessary if built on a well-drained spot, as it should be. \Valls on all sides except the Elouth should be quite close, and if the house is very large a few small 'windows, pro- tected with 'wire netlting, will be found of great advantage when the weather is so bad that the fowls need to be kept in the house. They need plenty of light and good, fresh air. ()ne entire side of the house should be enclosed with strong, close-mesh poultry netting, or woven wire fencing, which is more substantial than the netting. Then a heavy double burlap curtain should be provided, for I find that in spite of tho turkey’s repu- tation for hardiness he appreciates some extra precaution in severe weather. Don’t make it necessary for the turkeys to roost in trees. Suggestions as to Feeding. By the foregoing I do not wish to in- fer that suitable range and a suitable house are alone necessary to success with turkeys. While they' require plenty of exercise, they also require plenty' of feed. If it cannot be found on the range it must come from some other source. Tur- keys consume: large quantities of insects, csiiecially flies and grasshoppers, but where the range is limited those soon become Scarce. They also must have pasture. They like good grass, clover or alfalfa, but: a grain field is their de— light. A ilock of growing turkeys will sometimes live for weeks in a wheat field after the grain has been harvested. This is clear gain for the farmer who keeps turkeys as a “side line.” XVhile wheat is one of the bcst grains for them, they should not be confined to it alone. Then, too, it must be sound; moldy grain of any kind is unfit for tur- keys, or any other poultry, for that mat- ter. \Ve have lost a good many young turkeys from eating unripe and moldy grain. A few years ago a near neighbor had a. similar experience. His flock (the very finest in that part of the country). were a little more than half grown when they suddenly began to die. They had discovered some shattered grain around the place where the thresher had stood. It was badly spoiled, some of it beginning to sprout, when they began eating it and «the trouble commenced. “'0 never feed rye. (that is, the grain), to any kind of poultry, because it is diffi- cult to digest and is said to be too stim- ulating. Several years ago we lost a number of turkeys from the effects of eating rye. \\'e did not know it was injurious and the turkeys were allowed the run of a rye field. To make a long story short, they ceased to thrive and more than half of them died. Those that survived were more or less stunted. Oats will sometimes injure young tur- keys if they eat too much of it. This is due to the hulls rlacerating the digestive organs. This may be overcome by boil- ing the. oats before feeding. Oats with the hulls on should be either boiled or Scalded before feeding to any kind of poultry. \Ve have found the steel-cut or pin-head) oatmeal a valuable food for young turkeys when fed in a. dry state, either alone or mixed with cracked corn. \\‘hole wheat and cracked corn, equal parts, either dry or cooked, is an excellent ration for young turkeys. \Ve feed corn and wheat daily after turkeys are two months old. Before that their ration is more or less varicd. Onions play an important part, as a tonic. In fact, we find that even the matured birds rel— ish an occasional bran mash containing chopped raw onions. They are good for all kinds of poultry, except laying hens. Nearly all of the trouble with young tur- keys can be traced to wrong feeding, lice, and lack of vigor in the parent stock. It pays to buy good breeders, even at fancy prices. Never keep hens and gob- blers known to be related. \Ve usually keep a young gobbler wit’h yearvlings or two-year-old hens. Young hens give bet- ter results with an old gobble'r. Don’t attempt to cross two varieties of turkeys unless you know what the result will be. We like the Narragansett better than the Bronze, but it is probably only a. matter of taste. Have never raise-d White Hollands or Bourbon Reds. Ohio. ANNA W. GALLIGHER. Extra . mean Eggs ExtraPra/ifs Chicks Laid ' This statement requires no argument! Now plan your work to get more eggs, hatch more and better chicks. carry more chicks to maturity -thhout additional equipment or labor. In other words, ancrease the efliciency of your entire plant. You can do it costly. This is the wow—Give flit/t; Poultry Regulator t9 your breeding stock. It will invigorate the birds, bring more eggs With better fertility. That means bigger batches of husky chicks. Put [#359 White Diarrhea' Remedy in the drinking water for all broods to control this destructive disease and other bowel troubles. Then feed p499; Baby Chick Food and watch the youngsters grow! It will raise every good chick, and a lot of the weak ones and make them husky and vigor- ous. Use this combination for better results. Remember “Your money back if it fails” Prices: Regulator, 25c to $9; 25-lb. Pails, $2.50; White Diarrhea Remedy, 25c, 50c; Baby Chick Food, 25c up. Pratts lGO—page poultry book 4c by mail. Get Pratts Profit- sharing Booklet. Our products are sold by dealers everywhere, or PRATT FOOD COMPANY Philadelphia Chicago BOT/7’ llfflfl/Ifoflaflwfloaflfi? x .5 Delivered Frelght Pald (East of the Rockies) — The biggest incubator bargain of the season.Think of ltlYou can now get the prize winning \Visconsins—winners in the three big hatching contests for only $10.85 for 175 egg capacity,or £5 Egg Incubator fl Brooder Both f2“ Q Why take chances with cheaply constructed machines when you can get machines built. of genuine California Redwood With Hot. Water ’ heats, double walls, dead air space between, double glass doors, copper tanks and boilers, self regulating and extra. deep nursery under egg . of truy,incubator and brooder are shipped complete with thermometers, flockles lamps. egg testers—set. up ready to use when you get them. _ .1 our machines in repair ’ ' We agree to kce Syear Guarantee—30 Days Trla' for live years FREE of char 6 except. parts broken by carelessness. We also allow 30 days trial right; in your own home. Incubators finis led in natural colors showing the high grade California Redwood lumber used and not. painted tocover inferior material If vou will compare our machines with others offered at anywhere near our price,we will feel sure of our order. Don‘t buy until you do this—you'll save money—it. pays to investigate N fore you buy Send for F EE catalog today or send in your order direct. from this advertisement and save time. Money back if not. sat- ; .‘a?£‘?"°DYY.f-‘€°i‘.‘ii3i WISCONSIN INCUBATOR co., Box l26 , Raclno, Wls. l $10 Buys 165 Egg National lncubatorAnd Broader $9.00 Incubator and $4.00 Brooder for $10. FREIGHT PREPAID 165;]?"16" $12334“ East of Rockies. ‘ ‘ one strung, fireproof, metal case, lllgh, roomy nursery, Vary sensitive tharmometer, Rallable non-breakable lamp, Hot water heating system Cold-rolled copper watertank, Wide dead alr space. Double Glass Doors, Spacious egg chamber, Has made many 100% hatches Broader has safety lamp. In roomy and easy to clean. Order direct. from this advertisement. We guarantee satisfaction or you get all your money back quick, Brand new Poultry Book free. Order Now. NATIONAL INCUBATOR COMPANY, 1316 19th St., Racine. Wt. WRITE Send me a postal right now. I want to send you the most re- markable World's Cham- ionshi facts evcr pub- lishe —show you how to get_mto the prize- wmmn class, how to m a more mono at least expense. I ll quote you my sense.- tional direct - from - factory price on the 6-time Winner-the World’s ‘ Champion Belle City -—Len Than Losers Cost 1 want to tell you how Belle City won in 10,000 hatch-contests year after year—facts about the win- ners, how th you ' "" Automatic heat regulator, I Cyphers Co. Service Mm“ Poultry Success Your CYPHERS Company customers have every tlzzng in their favor. We stand back of them —-first to last. Our big free 19l3 Poultry Guide is full of practical information and helpful advice—244 pages, 500 illustra- tions. Mailed FREE to any address on request. Cypher-s Company Free Bulletin and Personal Letter Servxce guides the efl‘o-rts of_Cyphers owners. Bulletins on the newest developments m poultry raising. Personal letter help at any time from our department of experts. And all Without charge! Get in line for big success—with this real help. CYPHERS INCUBATORS are the world’s Standard Hatching Equipment. Not toys or makeshifts but real, practical, rcsultwinning machines. Self-ventilatm , sclf-regulating—proof against heat and mosture troub cs. Write Today For Our Big Free Book. “Profitable Poultry and Egg Pro- duction,” and take advantage of 191.3, the banner poultry year. High rices—low cost of production. *' arcel Post opens new and profit- able markets. But be sure to write for the free book today. It tells all. Address CYPHERS INCUBATOR COMPANY Dept. 35 Buffalo, N. Y. can do it. . I’ll give you 1, or 3 m o n t: h 5 home test, 10 year arantee fret ht repai offer and. m ow price reposition. 1'] send on 81 this information free - ‘l - If you just write me a postal “fin; ‘1 °’ now for World’s Champion ' “" hatching facts.—J 1M ROHAN. Pres. Bella City Incubator cm. 30x14 Racine. Wls. EGG INCUBATOR ' 3.13400 CHICK BROODER The incubator-is California Red- E::h$ 1 o I / with asbestos and galvanized — iron; has triple walls. copper tank; nursery: egg tester. thermometer ready F to use. 30 Days' Trial —-moaey back W ‘ We ship . " quick from You Hatcher Ever Turned t Any Factory Took me 19 years to make the Triumph .‘ perfect. Now it can’t be equalled. Let me provelt. Send name for my great book. I’ll tell you about features that make successful poultry raising easy for anyone. My price for the 1913 TRIUMPH saves you $5.00. Walls made of Redwood, Basswood, air space, asbestos, 2 layers of 3-ply building felt—heavy copper heat- ing tank with galvanized hot air attach- ment. to save all the heat, double acting regulator—automatic ventilation. Best; thermometer,strongest egg trays, roomy nurs- ery, egg, tester -— all complete, ready to run. U r-u—w ostal now for Save the 3‘35t 0n Out 0 ‘ .m- t not 0. K. Write for Free Catalog today. Ironclad Incubator 00.. Dept. 65 Racine.Wls. Stuff Birds And Learn at home to mount Animals birds. animals, game heads, fish: tan skins: make beautiful rugs and robes. Decorate your homo with your own trophies. Make bl. . money mounting for others. Learn quickly during spare time. '0 minutes sue- m. ehlmlw. Write tad-yror FREE 11. Mail lustmted book explaining taxiderm and book— eforeyouapend 7' showing -beautitui mounted birds on out. acenttoramllncubstor . - 111518- .onuoh Ichool of Taxidermy 01' brooder. Add?“ 51 Monarch Bldg.I Omaha. Nebr R. F. NEflBER‘I’ ‘ lo I, x Manhole. Him Govorumui Farmers Wanind'il‘fifi‘t‘l-‘é‘i‘éwip‘s’ié monthly. Write OZMENT, 17 F. S . Louis. Mo. Raised . & BROODERS " 230*14 THE MICHIGAN FARMER‘ FEB. 22, 1913. ~ The Michigan Farmer Established 1843. The Lawrence Publishing Co. Editors and Proprietors. 39 to 45 Con ress St. West, Detroit. Michigan. ‘ELEPEONE Mandi NEW YORK OFFICE—l1 Parklt CHICAGO Orifice—600 First Nat' l Bank Building. OLEv ELAND OFFICE—10114015 Oregon Ave .. M. J. LLAAWRENCE ............................ President M L. WRENOE ............ . ......... Vice- President. E. H. HOUGHTON .......................... Sec -.Treas I. R. WATERBURY ......................... 0. E. Y( )UNGU ................................ Associate BURTWER T..]I .. ditors 'ALTA LAWSON Ll l‘TELL ................ E. E. HOUGHTON .................. Business Manager TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: One year. 62 issues ................................ 50 cents Two years. 104 issues ............ ‘ ..................... $1. 00 Three years 156 issues ................................ 1. 2:) Five years, 260i issues ................................. 2. 00 All sent postpuid. Canadian subscriptions 500 a war extra for postage. Alwms send money by draft. postofiice money order, registered letter or by express. ’e will not be re- sponsible for money sent in letters. Address all com- munications to, and make all drafts checks and post- oiflce orders payable to the Law renoe Publishing 00. RATES OF ADVERTISING: 40 cents per line agate measurement. or $5. 60 per inch, each insertion No adv t inserted for] ess than 1. 20 er insertion. 03’ 0 letter, quack doctor or swindling adI ertise- merits inserte at any price. Entered as second class matter at the Detroit Mich- igan, postoflice. COPYRIGHT I9I3 In the Lawrence Pub. Co. All persons are warned against reprinting any portion of the contents of this issue without our written permission. WE GUARANTEE to stop THE MICHIGAN FARMER immediatly upon expiration of time sub- scribed for, and we w 11 pay all expenses for defending any suit brought against any subscriber to The Mich- igan Farmer by the ublisher of any farm paper. which has been sent a r the time ordered has expired mm “id“? due notice is sent to us, before suit. is started. AI oId urther trouble by refusing to subscribe for any farm paper which does not print. in each issue. a definite in uarantee to stop on expiration of subscri- tion. 9 Lawrence Publishing 00., Detroit, Mic. DETROIT, FEB. 22, 1913. CURRENT COMMENT. Some of our sub- Cigarette Tobacco scribers have courte- Advertlsing. ously p r o I e s t e (1 against a n adver- tisement of tobacco for the making of appearing in many farm publications, on the ground that cigI‘Irette smoking is peculiarly a boy's habit and a habit which is most injurious to boy-‘1. As our readers know, the pub- lishers of the Michigan Farmer have ever prided themselves upon the matter of censoring all advertisements offered for publication in the Michigan Farmer with a View of making that paper second to none in the moral tone of its advertising columns. Nor did it occur to us that the publication of this advertisement would tend to promote the habit of cig- arette smoking either among boys or men. It is a well known fact that if cigarettes are to be smoked at all. (which we belieVe should be prohibited by law). it is less harmful to make them from pure tobacco of good quality than to smoke the ready-made kinds, and it was upon this ground that the advertising matter in question was accepted a‘nd pub- liShed in the Michigan Farmer. “'e do not believe that the publication of advertisements of this nature would tend to increase cigarette smoking among the boys of the country homes in which the Michigan Farmer is a weekly visitor. We desire, however, to shun “even the appearance of evil" in this di- rection. The revenue which would result from the publication of nny class of ad- vertising which might in any way be questionable from a moral standpoint is not taken into «consideration in shaping our advertising policy, and while we be- lieve our position as above stated to be up entirely tenable One, in view of .the fact that our motives have been misun- derstood by some of our rcaders, we have decided to leave no grounds for such misunderstanding in the future by clos- ing our columns to advertising matter pertaining to cigarettes as they have in the past been closed to liquor advertise-- cigarettes, recently IUQIltS or any other of a questionable moral nature. The reader Treat the Advertisements who treats the as News Matter. advertisements appearing i n his farm paper as news matter will se— cure a far greater benefit from his paper than the man who looks them over hur- riedly or not at all. In fact, the adver- tising matter which appears in your ag- ricultural paper is neWS matter in the best sense of the term. Through the me- dium of the advertising columns the read- er will get up-to-date and reliable infor- mation regarding the best quality '_oL goods on the market for use on The farm or in the home. The manufacturers of and dealers in merchandise of quality realize that satisfied customers are the first essential in the building up. of a permanent trade; and for this reason they advertise their goods in reliable journals that they may acquaint the public with the merits of the goods advertised, there- by securing permanent customers in the satisfied users who are led to try out the goods through’the interest promoted by the adVertislng. In fact, advertisers are learning that this feature of cumulative business is the source of greatest profit.- from their expenditures for advertising space. Also, this factor of advertising insures the reliability of the information presented through the advertising col- umns of standard farm papers. The day when misrepresentation in advertising matter was practiced by responsible ad- vertisers or encouraged or permitted by reliable jOurnnls is long since passed and the very fact that an advertisement ap- pears in a standard farm paper is an assurance as to the reliability of the representations made in the advertising matter. No matter whether the goods advertis- ed are an immediate necessity on the farm or in the home, it will be time profitably spent for the reader to look the advertisements over carefully, treati- ing them as he would treat other news matter in order to secure- information which will make him an intelligent and critical buyer in the time of future need. There is perhaps no better method of becoming acquainted with the improve- ments which are constantly, being made, not only in the matter of farm equipment but other merchandise as well, than by treating the advertising columns of your farm paper as news matter along this line. The reader may argue that he is able to satisfy his needs for goods in his local market and [that for this reason it would be a waste of time to carefully study the advertising columns of his farm paper. It is, however, a fact that such a study is just as essential where goods are to be purchased only in the local market as where a restricted local market necessitates securing certain classes of goods from a distance, since the best quality of goods are those which are moSt extensively and persistently ad- vertised for the very reason that the advertiser expects to continue a trade on the quality of the goods themselves after it has once been built up by inter- esting the readers in the goods through advertisements in reliable journals. Thus, for these reasons which may be viewed as purely selfish ones from the reader’s standpoint, it will pay to treat the advertisements in your farm paper as news matter to be reviewed as regularly and carefully as the reading matter II hlch appears in each iSSue. The proposition of re—submitting t h e constitutional amend- ment providing for equal suffrage will come before the leg- islature for formal action before this is- sue reaches the reader. A canvass of the situation seems to assure the advo- cates of equal suffrage of a majority in both houses of the legislature who will favor the re-submission of this amend- ment, the only question at issue being whether it shall be re-submiited at the general election in April or go over until the general electiOn in the fall of 1914. The opponents of the proposition contend that it would be unfair to submit the amendment at the coming spring election on the- assumption that interest in the town meeting will tend to bring out a. larger vote in the country districts than in the cities where there are no local officers elected at the spring election. It is, however, entirely probable that all who are particularly interested in this amendment from either standpoint will take the. trouble to cast their votes either for or against the proposition, it being a. well established fact that nowhere near all of the electors in either country or city vote upon constitutional amendments at any time when they are submitted. \ In view of the fact that all of the lead— ing farmers’ organizations of the state have declared in favor if the re-submis- sion of this question at the earliest pos- sible date, there would appear to be no excuse for delaying its re-submlssion un- til the general election in 1914, since its submission at the spring election would not entail any additional cost in any pre- cinct of the statef; Since there is not an absolute unanimity of sentiment among the women of the state upon this. propo- sitlon, perhaps the ideal way to settle the question, were this possible, would be to submit it to the vote of the women themselves, but as this, felmpracticable The Equal Suffrage Amendment. ‘the country. :dIVerslfied agriculture promotes these 8.3-" It Is entirely probable that a, vote upon the question by the qualified electors will largely reflect the views of the women of their respective. households upon this subject, and so far as the country vote is concerned there is no doubt that it will be strongly in favor of granting the elective franchise to women. Hence the reasonableness of the demand that the questIOn be re-submltted without delay. At the Tri-State The Weekly Half— Grain and Stock Holiday. Growers’ Convention, held at Fargo, North Dakota, the Country Life Committee re- ported that the country life problem is largely a young people’s problem and the young people need more opportunity for recreation than they are given in many localities. It was recommended by this committee that Saturday afternoon be made a. half-holiday, that the minister and teacher take a. lead in the games and that the church and schoolhouse be used as social centers. It was also sug- gested that this Saturday afternoon would be a good time for the farmers to hold Club meetings and consider the in- auguration of oo-operative work. It was argued by this committee that with time for recreation on Saturday there would be t‘ime for church and Sunday school on Sunday. VVhlle this suggestion, at first thought, will not appeal to most busy farmers as a practical one, yet it is worthy of sober second thought. In practically 8111 other productive industries the weekly half.- holiday has become a fixed institution, and to the country young man who works long hours throughout the week this op- portunity for recreation on Saturday af- ternoon is meet welcome and is one of the allurements which city employment holds out to him. To many of us it would seem that in the busy season the time cannot possibly be spared for this half-holiday of recrea- tion for all hands. It has come to be a. generally recognized principle, however, that continuous toil without any letup is wasteful and that neither body nor mind can be maintained at their best under such conditions. It’ is claimed by those who have investigated the proposi- tion that in Europe and in some sections of the southern and eastern parts of the United States where the weekly half- holiday is a common practice that as much work is accomplished in five and a half days as was formerly done in the six days and in addition farm life has been made more desirable. farmers have found that it paid to give their help an occasional opportunity for fishing or to attend a ball game and there is a probability that less friction would arise over such arrangements if the half- holiday were a fixed institution so that employers as well as employee would fig- ure on it in the planning of the work. At certain seasons of the year, how- ever, it would be an impracticable ar- rangement, at which time the farm eIm- ploye who receives considerate treatment in this direction at other times should be equally willing to forego the half-holiday to help in the pressing work of securing the crops. The source of this suggestion indicates that in some sections of the country the country life preposition is being seriously studied and efforts are being made to neutralize the: tendency toward the drift- ing of our young people to the cities. According to a bul- letin recently issued by the Secretary of Agriculture of a to- tal of 2,740 agricultural fairs and ex- hibitions, 764 are held in the eastern north central states, in which division Michigan is located; 573 are held in the western north central states; 372 in the middle southern Atlantic states; 181 in the eastern south central states; 157 in the western south central states; 129 in the Pacific states, and 124 in the mount- ain states. From this division of agricultural fairs and exhibitions as to the territory in which they were' held. it would appear that the agricultural fair is, in a way at least, an index of agricultural pros- perity of the section in which it is held, since there is no doubt that the terri- tory in which the larger number of these fairs are held is the most prosperous from an agricultural standpoint of any in It is probable also, that 9. Agricultural Fairs and Expositions. rlcu.dural fairs to some extent as the section in which they are most numerous has a more diversified agriculture than any other section or the country. \ Very many- As to area. contributing to exhibits. county fairs are more numerous, num- bering‘ 839 as compared with 466 inter- county fairs and 250 that cover less than a county area; 200 are inter-state fairs and 155 are state fairs, while 129 are national and 102 are international in character. General agricultural exhibits appear to be most numerous at these fairs, while poultry, which is a. factor-of agricultural production in all sections of the country, follows next in the number of exhibits. . In this bulletin a. brief history of ag- ricultural fairs in this country shows that the first agricultural exhibition on record was held in October, 1804, in the City of Washington, D. 0., this being termed a. market fair at which the ex- hibits were actually sold. Another ex- hibition of this kind was held- in 1805, after which this class of fairs wasdis- continued. Another forerunner of com- petitive agricultural fairs was the an- nual sheep shearing contests established in an early day, at which prizes. were awarded for certain classes of sheep and wool and for home-made fabrics, gar- ments, etc. The first purely competitive agricul- tural fair on record was held at George- town, Maryland, in May, 1809. It was organized by ini‘erested residents of Maryland, Virginia and the District of Columbia. This fair was mainly devot- ed to domestic animals and manufac- tures. It is an interesting fact that there is now in existence an agricultural seciety organized at about the same time, the Berkshire Agricultural Society of Pittsfield, Mass, which held its first fair in the autumn of 1810. The agricultural fair has a.well-recog- nized place as a long-established institu- tion throughout the country and it is a matter for regret that many of the small- er agricultural fairs have been allowed to lapse, due to a lack of patriotic local support. At the second meet- ing of the Michigan State Tax Associa- tion, recently held resolutions were adopted The Tax Conference Resolutions. at Lansing, which may be presumed to reflect the sentiment of that body. These resolutions follow: Resolved, That this conference is of the opinion that the tax laws of Michigan be amended in the following particulars: 1. To set a limit upon the rate of as- sessment for state, county and all otheI municipal purposes except special asses.“- ment's, which limit shall not be exceeded eXCept upon the vote of the people of such municipality so directing. That such amendment be modeled upon the recent enactment of Ohio providing such limit. To give to the Board of State Tax Commissioners authority to take legal proceedings for the removal of assessing officers who do not, in their valuations, conform to the requirements of the law as to the assessment of property at its lair cash value. 3. To extend the mortgage tax to an annual registry tax at a minimum rate of $3 per thousand. in accord with the provisions of the mortgage tax law of Minnesota, and to further extend the principle of the mortgage tax law to all credits and to provide that the tax be divided when the lien is upon property in Michigan upon a basis more favorable than at present, to the community where the property is located. 4. And it is further. Resolved, That this legislative commit- tee of this conference be directed to draft bills in accord with these resolutions to procure their introduction in the legisla- ture and to use all proper means to pro- cure their enactment lnto law. Be it further, Resolved, That the legislative commit- tee be also directed to call to the atten- tion of the proper committee of the legis- lature the 'Wisconsin plan of equalizing assessments as between the counties and different forms of property on the basis of actual value and not of assessed value in order that the merits of such plan mav receive the fullest possible legislative and public discussion Space will not permit a. full discussion of these propositions in this issue. The second resolution, however, appears to embody what is believed by many to be the real object of this association, viz., the increasing of assessments upon the general property of the state in order to reduce the general tax rate upon certaJn classes of property. The cash value of property is largely a matter of opinion. It may reasonably be presumed that the local assessing officers will have as fair 3. knowledge of values as any agent of the tax commission. The present law provides adequate means for the removal of an officer who wilfully violates the ob- ligations 'of his office and we do not be- lieve: that public opinion will be behind any movc to provide, for the removal of an 'aSSessing officer in case his opinion as to "lecal valuation does not conform to that of the state tax cozninissioners. (Continued on page 243). l l t J v...'. L. LITERATURE POETRY HISTORY ana INFORMATION .1.” \f zine Section Wig/’72:“; ’3’ (SHED ‘Nre FARM BOY an? GIRL SCIENTIFIC an? MECHANICAL This Magazine Section forms a part of our paper twice a month. Every article is written especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere beach at Nome, Alaska, that no one can blame the Eskimo for set- ting up housekeping there. No cleaner tloor could be desired. It is soft and dry and very comfortable when a woman does her work on her knees, as the Es— kimo women do much of theirs. Children of the sea, as they are, the Eskimos never like to get far from the sound of the breakers, and during the summer they live mostly in the open air, much of the time with their heads bared to the sun and wind. The men wear their hair fantastically banged around their heads, but the women part theirs in the middle. Many of the women are very good looking; some of them, in- deed, decidedly pretty, though they un- fortunately age rapidly. Their housekeeping is not a complicat- ed matter. Their summer homes are tents pitched 0n the S 0 white and fine is the sand on the Eskimo Housekeeping By E. I. Farrington. ing meat and fish. The amount of food an Eskimo is capable of swallowing is enormous. It is not unusual for a man to consume ten pounds of flesh in addi- tion to other food in a single day. 131th- ber is their most prized dessert, and a man will let his wife feed him with choice bits until he cannot move. Blub- her is too scarce to be served gener- ously, however, as a. rule, for it serves to provide fuel and light in winter. lllood is relished, and the half-digested contents of a reindeer’s paunch is en- joyed. Mussels, seaweed and berries are among other articles of food which the Eskimo housekeeper provides for her hearty family by way of variety. Eskimo women are- expcrts with the needle, and the making of clothing occu- pies much of their time. They use steel needles when thcy can be obtained, but do remarkably good work with needles fashioned of bone. Sinew thread is used and is exceedingly strong, as it needs to be, for a garment once donned may be worn for a long time. Although skins, often with the hair on, are used to make the garments worn by men and women alike, at very good fit is secured and the workmanship is neat and creditablc. ICVen when it comes to do- ing a bit ot‘ patchwork, the women show their skill. it‘orturmtely, fashions do not change as often as they do in more civilized coun- tries, although that may be no proof of advanced ciVIlization, and the men and women dress much alike. Both wear trousers and a. jacket, but the trousers of the women are likely to be ornament- ed with feathers or leather embroidery, for the Eskimo wives and daughters are not without the love of tinery which seems to be universal among that sex. The jackets ot‘ the men often have hoods, attached, which may be drawn over the hcad in very cold weather, leav— in},r only the faces oxpost‘d to the biting arctic wind. The women also have hoods attachcd to their jackets. but designed for quite a different purpose. in their hoods, which are lined with fur, the babies are carried, and beach, with boats turn- icd partly upside down as outdoor living rooms. or porches. These boats are large and rather crude, and covering them with skins is one of the duties which de- volve upon the women. The skins of animals are used and are fast- ened in place before they have had time to dry and, as they lose their moisture, become taut. and tough. The Eskimo women take great pride in doing this part of their work skillfully. Often they paddle the boats after they are in the water. The tents used in summer were formerly made of skins, but. since the coming of the white In a n, canvas tents have been adopt- ed to a large cxtent, and they provide more room than those made of skin, which are con- ical in shape. Indeed, the coming of people from civilized lands has resulted in m a n y are wcll out of the way, although snugand warm. Sometimcs the women’s- jackets have funny—looking little tails attached. The skins of reindeer or scals are. us- ually omploycd for these garments, and in ex- trcmely cold weather two suits. are worn, both having the hair attached and making it impossible for the cold to penetrate, as wellas making both men and w o In e n appear as though paddcd. Ncat boots of scalskinlcath- cr arc worn. but must be changed. it’ wct, in Fold weather, for other— wise they would fuel-7.9. stiff, , This is the native way of drcssina‘. Those ,l'Is- kimo who have set up Ihcir abodcs ncar Nome Hr othcr towns are be- ginning to wear the clothing of civilization, at least in the summer season. It is true that a. Yankcc much less than the wrappcr is picturesque native gar— changes in the house- keeping arrangements of the JQHkimo. The crude dishes of a few years ago are being re- placed by the pans and pots and kettles found in our own kitchens. Lard pails and tin cans are often pressed into service, too. Cooking is commonly done over a little fire of sticks, but sometimes a cheap stove set up in the op- en air is seen. As a matter of fact, the Es- kimos often eat their food without taking the trouble to cook _ it. Frozen fish, in particu- lar, is eaten with relish while raw.‘ 'Fish is a very important article of diet. Seal flesh is eaten constantly and sometimes the meat of wild animals. Those Eskimo who live near White settlements are gradually coming to eat the food of civilization, although the women spend'ylittle time, as yet, in preparing it. Boiling is the most common way of cock- lncnt, but doubtless the womcn tind it just as 'coIni‘ortablc, and easier to put on. (me ol‘ the greatest innovations which has conic to thc Eskimo oi" Nome, is z-oprcst‘aited by the Amcrican wash tub and scrubbing board. Cleanliness is an un- known word to the HS— kimo in his natural way of living. it :1. baby gets a bath, it is when the mothcr licks it with her tongue. The men may h:th layers of dirt on their faces without having lilo idea of washing it off occur to them. The women, however. are now learn- ing the meaning ot‘ soap and water. The natives have learned how to profit by thc prescnce of their white neighbors in some sections of Alaska, and the womcn have had added to their duties the task of selling fish, which is spread out art pieces of canvas or bur- lap on the beach where prospective buyers aré \ 232—16 'likely to pass. l’icking up-driftwood for use in winter is: also women's work. Winter- must needs be provided for by ample preparatimn for it is long and exceedingly cold. As it approaches, the tentsare fallow down and the families move into hum made of planks or earth or blocks of snow. However constructed, they are certain to be almost without ventilation and revoltingly filthy. Little house-cleaning is done. The dogs block the passageway and dead seals are thrown on the floor. At night little» lamps burning blubber are used and the atmos-- THE:MICHI'GANLFVARMR-‘E-R. phere becomes hot and fetid. ‘ At one .side of the room, or in the. middle, is a. bench which Serves for a seat in the day time and answers for a couch at night. In spite of the hard .work which they are called upon to perform, the Eskimo housekeepers are good natured and eas- ily made to smile. Indeed, good temper is a characteristic of the Eskimo. The women, like the men, are quick and in- telligent; they are somewhat 'imitatlve and by no means devoid of that trait which is supposed to be displayed by the women of all lands—curiosity. BRAMBLE HILL By ROBERT CARLTON BROWN." (Book Rights Reserved by the Author.) She flew across the intervening space to Mother Hubbard’s crowd and looked the men over rapidly. She tried to choke back a strange. apprehension. She hope-d nothing had happened. “'atts had so long been her chief thought and constant care that her fee-ling toward him had come to be almost that of a mother for her child, espc-cially since she had come back and found him aged. No sooner had she left Mother Hub- bard‘s camp—lire and sped toward the de- serted quarry, where \Vatts had been last seen by llornbill, than Sid, seeing her ruSh alone into the darkness, thrust the coffee pot into Jimmie's hands and. raced after h. r. As she was .carching through the stony ground with a lantern. calling low to \\'atts repeatedly, apprehensively, Sid came up with her. He caught her arm, took the lantern from her and swung it ahead as they searched together. They neared the hol- low where the quarry had been and Jo— rusha called anxiously in a low tense tone, “\Vatts! \VaLtS, where are you?” “Jerry,” came a weak reply. It was so close at hand that both started. Sid thrust the lantern ahead, through a clump of bushes, toward the voice. A cry escaped Jerusha as the light stenciled out \Vatts’ face with a smear of blood across it and one of his arms groping toward them. She Shot past Sid and dropped beside her father. “I knew SillllG'lltlllg had happened. I knew it!" she cried hysterically. Then, realizing that she mustn‘t excite him, she calmed herself with an effort and went quickly to the source of pain which knotted his face in tortuous twistings. It was. his leg. When she touched it ever so gently he cried out; his fingers grip- ped a root and tore it from the ground. Sid shaded the lantern from Vi'attles’ eyes and cried. "What shall I do?" “Keep quiet!" .lerusha answered him. She had puShcd up the frayed trouser leg and was fee-ling ever so gently for any irregularity that would indicate a fracture. She was quite cool now and questioned \‘Cafits closely. He answered hetwccn win-Eng: of pain that he had started for the camp—fire to eat his sup- per just after the other men had gone. tic must lrvro dislodged a stone in stumb- lingaftcr the o 'liers without a lantern, for he heard .k'“t‘l(-‘lllllg slip, felt agburning sensation in his leg and knew nothing more until he tied to answer Jerusha’s call and tlnaily succeeded. The blood on his face came from a stone cut received when he had fallen. and the I‘Ut'k that had dropped on him must have frac‘ured his leg, for she found his limb frightfully distorted just above the knee. " Telling \‘i'aits to be silent. for he was still trying to answer her questions, she whispered to Sid to tell i-iornbill and Jim to come, owl for him to hurry back to the house and call up the doctor, telling him to come- at once to the “'attles cot— tage prepand to set a leg. Sid. (1:1le dashed back to the camp- fire. Meanwhile .ierusha was endeavoring to cheer ll slits. who lay moaning. She smoothed ti».- forehead and spoke sooth- ingly to hi-n at the same time that she was slippin;r off her shoes and stockings, preparatory to making splints for his leg. She :w-ooped up handfuls of earth and poured .hcm into one of her stock- ings. \Vhin it was full and firm she snapped a s‘w‘c lace in two and tied the stocking secure'y at top and bottom, mak- ing a splendid temporary splint. As she heard Hornbill and Jim plunging down the stony incline toward her lan- tern Jerusha drew iher laceless shoes onto her bare feet and began filling the second stocking. “Good for you!” cried Jim, a minute later, after she had explained the trou- ble in a few words. “Here! Put his leg in its natural position. I‘ll finish filling this stocking. Tear up something to tie the splints with, Hornbill, get one Of the tall side-boards - from one of those dirt wagons and bring two huskies back to help carry him.” Jim took masterful command of the situation, having had some experience with broken bones among the men in his construction gang. In ten minutes‘ time the fracture was securely held between the splints and \Vatts was being hurried, as fast as his conditions would permit, to the little cottage. Chapter XiV.——Maklng History. Like the herald arriving at theend of the first Marathon run, or any other Grecian messenger boy—even like an an- imated A, D. T.—~Bud hurled himself through the atmosphere, leaving a jagged hole in the ether behind as he shot onto the porch of Niles l’ash’s store. “The creek’s broke loose!” he yelled the instant his frecklcd pug nose was over the tape. Aloisious Stimpson, standing in the doorway, twiSted his leathery neck around, scowled down at Bud with dis— dainful doubt. took in with cautious, speculative eye the excited condition of the boy and calmly removed the liver- colored stogie from his mahogany-stain- ed lips. It was early yet, the council hadn’t convened. and Aloisious Stimpson was always slightly sluggish until after his second chew in the morning. Be- sides, when anyone was excited Stimpson always showed his superiority by con- trast and remained as cool and collected as money in the bank. “Turtle Creek has broke loose," he cor- rected severely, having served a year on the board of education governing the district school. “That‘s what I said!” screeched Bud emphatically. “It has!" His excitement was so tense he seemed to forget his fear of the city father and plunged past into the grocery, nearly upsetting Aloisi- ouS. “Turtle Creek’s broke loose! It's run- nin’ down the road up by the \Vattle‘s!” lie scattcred the news as though kicking apart a bunch of exploding fire-crackers on the Fourth. "Who's running down the road? A runaway. did yew say?” cried Lafe Tur- ner, the Rhesus—faced, wobbling to his rickety legs and making for the door; he was on hand early to execute his daily duty of scanning the hand-writing and pOSt—marks on mail addressed to his friends and acquaintances. ”Tile creek! It's fiowin’ down—althou- sand foot wide. I jumped acrost' on some rocks. The Edgeworth private road is all flooded below the Wattles!” “What air yeh talkin' about? Don’t reckin .lnybody’s going to take stock in a trumped-up story like that’, do yeh?" queried Aloisious Stimpson, striding calmly through the door, his mustache twitching with concealed curiosity, Bud no doubt would have repeated his information until the sun frozerin an effort to convince his incredulous hear- ers, if at that moment a well-known roan mare and a light top buggy hadn’t stopped in front of the store and if Har- old Ewer hadn't leaped out, crying: “Somebody’s changed the course of Tur- tle Creek. It’s a «trick! It’s an outrage! That fellow from New York visiting Sid Edgeworth's got some hand in it. He’s a mean looking skunk; besides, did you See that: skinny black tie he swells around in and the way his coat comes in at the waist? Guess he thinks it's fashionable—stylish. Gimme a package of Duke's, Niles. Gee, I’m all out of breath.” - ’ “What in h—l's all this about?” de- manded Aloisious Stimpson. approaching Ewer and glaring at him with the inten-' sity and disapproVal of.a Newfoundland about to shake a dachshund by the scruff of the neck. “It’s a trick to help Sid Edgeworth steal old Nathaniel Edgeworth's proper- ty. I Was wondering what he had that cheap sport from New York down here for. The water’s runnin’ through the valley by the Wattles. There's a crowd there already. I drove over to see and it's three foot deep. Look at the buggy if you don't believe it. 'It’s over the hubs an’ flowing down as calm as you please; it must run around and back into the old creek bed a mile or so below Edgewcrth farm.” “But how could it haVe got twisted like that?" cried Niles 'Pash, in great alarm. “Somebody must haVe built a darn,” replied Ewer. . “A dam! That ought to interest you, Aloisious; right in your line,” allowed Niles Pash, with a. snicker. “I don’t see no sense in all this dam talk,” cried Stimpson. fixing a fierce eye on Niles Pash, his face settling into the severity of an 'Indian cigar sign. “Vi'hat I’m tryin’ to get at is why any i'ool'd go to the trouble of changin’ the current of such a good-for-noth'mg stream as Turtle Creek.” l“Don’t you think it would do Sid Edge- worth some good to have the work on the right of way stopped?” sneered Ewer, the sneer not so much at Aloisious as at the thought of Sid. “Yes, but how could the dam be made so soon? There wasn’t anything the matter with the creek yesterday.” “Twenty or thirty men with scrapers an’ plows could build a wing dam in six Or eight hours’ time and shunt all the Water of the creek onto the right of way. That’d stop work quick enough, and to my way of thinkin’ that's just what’s been done, last night,” cried Niles I’ash, excitedly. “But who could a thought of it?” de- manded Aloisious. “\Vhat one of them idiots ever had brains enough to figure it out, an’ why didn’t they do it sooner?" “Probably they was just waitin’ till the rails got laid on the farm,” offered Niles Pash, who had dumped the change from the till into his pocket, covered a cheese that had just arriVed, rolled the gum machine inside, taken out the store key and now stood waiting to lock up and depart on the pending pilgrimage to the sensational scene. - . A minute later Aloisious Stimpson grandly offered to ride to the new creek course in Ewer’s buggy. But he was promptly turned down with the excited reply from Ewer that he’d just stopped on his way to bear the news to Sam Dunlap. Suificiently awed by the name alone, Stimpson stood back while Ewer rushed past him. leaped into his light top buggy and whipped up his horse, throw- ing out his chest and shouting to the sleek roan as importantly as though he were an envoy extraordinary bearing a message to the King of England. So Stimpson swore and stumped it out FEB. 2‘2, : 193.3. to the creek alone; Niles Pash, Bud. fihe Rhesus—faced...and ,, several others who had gathered in, hobbled. hustled, hurt- led, jostled, pattered, lunged and ran ahead. Stimpson merely stumped,»to save his dignity and breath. ‘ As he muted in under the wire- behind his following, half of Turtle Creek and her neighbors were there before him, standing agape along the new course of the creek; most of them gathered on Bramble Hill, staring down with eyes dumfounded at the valley full of water, flooding the newly laid railroad tracks. Beyond lay the bare pebbly bottom of the old creek bed, as innocent of water as an unbaptized babe. ' 3 There was the construction train at a dead standstill. its nose all but in the water. The workmen it had brought out stood by, slack-handed and st‘upefied. It had been a clever scheme! A wonderful idea, to change the channel" of Turtle Creek and flood the tracks so no con- struction engine could carry the» material for further work, so no further work of any kind could be done. Here was proof of its efficacy in the idle workmen and the stopped train; “Have to hire a set of divers if they want to push that railroad any farther,’ remarked Ed. Humphrey, who was ai- Ways on hand. Aloisious turned and bit off a. few bit- ter words for the benefit of Ed. “That’s right, side in with ’em," he slnarled. “Lick the boots of Sid Edgeworth an’ maybe he'll take yeh on a jamboree next time he goes on one in Chicawgo." Ed. hung his head and slunk off in search of a more fruitful field for his fiippant wit, while Aloisious banished him from his select Garden of Gossip with this shriveling scourge: “Any decent citizen of Turtle Creek that wouldn’t be affected to sober thoughts at this solemn sight of a dishonest endeavor to fight a public utility from comin‘ thrOugh here an‘ bringin’ us blessings an' bounty ought to be roasted on a spit fer treason. Yes. treason, I say. It's nothin' more nOr less for an upstart good-for-nothin’ like you, Ed. Humphrey. to go around talkin’ against a noble, high-spirited town that never had nothin' good to say of you, anyway. Ef you’ve got any idea of bein’ an angel with wings. you’ll need an airship buried with you. That's right, sneak off now an’ hide your head in a bucket of beer an’ try to better your ways." Having frizzled up Ed. with the fire of oratory, Aloi‘sious turned to his follow- ing and pointed, ‘in dramatic silence, to the dam. It stood out boldly in the early sun rays, a masterpieCe of bunker-build- ing, no tiny crevice requiring .the ser— vices of the boy-hero of Holland who stuffed his arm into the hole in the dike in our first readers and saved his coun- try from being flooded by .the sea before recess. A good sound dam it was. wat- er-tight and complete. A carefully con- structed dam built on property that be- longed undeniably to the Edgeworth es- tate, private land on which no railroad could lawfully trespass. A well-planned wing dam which shunted the water across (Continued on page 236). WWW LITTLE FARM FABLES. BY AUNT QUILLIA. Shag’s Retort. Two dogs, Shaggy and Towser, once attended a great exposition. As neithetr had ever been a dozen miles from the farms on which they were raised, it goes without saying that to them it was a. most remarkable event. As they wandered from one department to another, invariably fetching up at the refreshment stands where they regaled themselves on the choice morsels thrown away, they justly felt that they were having the time of their lives. Their masters, too, seemed to feel much the same. Especially did Mr. Bragg, Towser’s master, expand and beam under the cheering influences of the occasion. With more than wonted complacency he strutted about. his sense of importance more than ever in evi- dence, and so constantly did he bore his companion with tales of his sagaclty on similar eventsvthat it was with difficulty that the latter could keep up a. show of civility. Time and again he would exclaim, “What is the use of these fool signs star- ing us infithe face at every turn? How tiresome to constan‘vly be running up against such warnings as ‘Look out for the loot-men,’ "Watch your watch,’ 'Mind. your pocketbook! ‘fNone but a. pure greenhorn would need Such counsel or pay the least attention to it. I have traveled thousands of miles; and have been in hundreds of greater crowds than this, even in the wild and wooly west. and never yet have I had my pookerts picked of a penny." “Probably not.” his friend would reply,' “but all are not equally clever.” This covert thrust, however, was en- tirely lost upon Bragg who. in denselcon- ceit, would go on and on multiplying in- stances where his remarkable adroltness had outwitted all manner of thieves. thugs and crooks. “No. sir," he would exclaim with a congratulatory slap on the leg, “No, siree; I am no Door galoot in need of these warnings. I never yet have had my pockets picked of a penny.” A few days after their return home Towser ran over to call on his friend. “Good morning.” he called out, “and now are you feeling after the big show?” “Oh, fine,” answered Shag. “And say, didn’t we have a most fortunate trip with no accident or loss of any kind?" “We sure did." replied Towser, “but that is all owing to the cleverneSs of my master. He was our protection. He is accustomed to crowds and never yet has had his pockets picked of a penny.” “Don’t be .too sure of that,” retorted Shag. "Last night as we were coming out of town: we saw him leaving one of- the worst dens in the city. Turning to me my master said, 'Shag, there 159,3 old proverb that runs like this: “He who gambles picks his ‘own' pocket.” ' ” FEB. 22, 1933. D SWeetheart, ’tho years have passed since you and I Set out to meet life's shine or shade together, And ’tho we've journeyed far ’neath sun- ny sky And lowering cloud, through clear and shadowy weather, Still, as my thoughts turn back Along our traveled track, The love that has come with us all the way And lent its cheer to many a weary day, Pure as at first, would fain vouchsafc some sign. And hence this valentine. 2 THE MICHIGAN FARMER A VALEN TIN E—By IDA M. BUDD. \Ve have outlived the ardent fires of youth, . But not, thank God, youth’s tender, sweet impressions. \\'e have knowu times of testing—times when truth, Faith, love and courage numbered our possessions; And courage 0ft had failed, By shafts of doubt assailed, not your faith—s0 steadfast, and strong— That through the darkness break 'ere long, By its calm power upheld and strength- ened mine. . My own brave "valentine.” Had firm light would Through all, your love has been my bea- con-star; And now, as down life’s slope our steps are pressing, W'hen comes the parting, be it near or far, My heart can crave no greater farewell blessing Than that your face shall be The last my eyes shall see Vt'hen closing on the scenes love has made (lear; Your voice the last to reach my dulling car _ With sweet assurances, amid death's gloom. Of life beyond the tomb, BETTY'S VISIT. BY PEARLE \VHITE M’COWAN. Betty Mitchel put'her chin up in the air and stalked angrily off to bed. “\Vhat right,” she asked herself resentfully, as she let' down her heavy braids, “had sis- ter Flora to lecture her?" Indeed it seemed to her that Flora was always finding fault. She thought Betty should wash the dishes oftener, and iot lie in bed so long in the morning that she didn’t have time to do her room work before school. And tonight she had even remarked that “a big strong girl like her Should get up and build the fur- nace and kitchen fires for her mother." That, Betty thought, was about the lim- it. She didn’t know a single girl who thought Betty crosrsly, and then delib- erately turned over and took another “snooze” jusd to prove her independence. it was that very day that Miss Mar- shall, the little German teacher whom Betty adored, asked her (for Betty was Very bright and popular among her friends) to go home with her 'to spend the vacation week that was then almost upon them. Of course, her mother con- sented, as what loving, self-sacrificing mother, whose highest happiness lay in seeing her children happy, wouldn’t? And two days later Betty, elated and self- satisfied, was speeding away with her be'ovcd teacher to the little home in a. neighboring village. of course there were little teas and parties and friends and good times in Washing Day on an Alaskan Beach. (See “Esklmo Housekeeping). did that, and as for the other things, why undoubtedly she had ought to help a little more, but there always seemed to be so many other things that she want- (d to do. And mother would rather do the work than have her muddling around in the way, anyhow. She'd often said as much. ()f course Betty (who was really an altogether lovable and charming girl—a bit thought Less and high-strung, that was all), loved her sister Flora very much, and enjoyed having her come home to visit, but it seemed, some-how, of late, as though each of those visits, which should have been so full of joyful com- panionship to the two sisters, was more or less marred by the; little germs of discord that somehow crept into them. There were only the two, and before Flora's marriage they had always been so much to each other. True, they had one brother, much older, a business man in the far west where he had married and settled, and now for ten years the cares of business and family had pressed so heavily upon him that he had been unable to visit the old home, though he wrote kind, cheery letters that warmed the mother's heart and stirred in Betty (to whom he was merely an indistinct memory) a fervent desire to know that big brother better. The next morning Betty heard her Sister come softly and tuck her tiny baby under the warm bed-clothes, beside its grandma, telling her (the grand- mother), to “rest on while she built the fires.” “Flora’s taken with a sudden good streak. Never built the fires for mother when she was living at home. ’SpOSe she’s trying to teach me by axample," general that charmed and delighted the enthusiastic girl, but through it all she was impressed with the kindly little at- tentions that the lovely Miss Marshall bestowed upon her white-haired mother. She urged her presence with them at all times, made much of her, and tenderly did for her little kindly thoughtful things that brought‘ the glad light to the moth- er’s worn old face, and the quick smiles to her lips. Noting and pondering on thtfle things, unconsciously measuring herself by Miss Marshall’s standard, le'tty was astonished one morning when, having risen very early and, in her ki— mOna, made her way softly down to the kitchen to get a much desired drink, she found Miss Marshall there ahead of her. On her knees before the range the German teacher knelt, vigorously coaxing a wavering little flame into greater blaze and warmth. Betty got her drink and stood for a moment shivering in the cold morning air, watching while Miss Mar- shall brushed the hcarth, filled the tea— kettle, and began her breakfast. “Do you always do this?" ventured Betty. “I—~l thought your mother (lid theSe things." Miss Marshall shook her head decidedly. “No. indeed. I can't afford to let my precious mother do this. She's not very strong, you know. \Vhy, once, the winter after falhcr died, I nearly lost her." just a suspicion of tears gathering in thc kindly little wom- an’s eyes as she softly recalled past sor— rows, “and Silice‘thcn I‘ve. built the fires and done the hard things myself (I‘m strong, you know), and since I’ve had to be away so much I‘ve hired a boy to stay with her and do those things for her when I'm not home. I couldn’t rest a moment and think that mother, frail and predisposed as she is to lung and bronchial troubles, was out here and down cellar building fires and shivering in the cold." Betty was Vcry sober as she. walked up the stairs. Her mother was frail, too, and had a troublesome cmigh. tut ever since the husband and father had “pass- ed on" five years before, the sweet—fac- ed, white-haired little mother had un- complainingly shouldered ;.]1 the hard, disagreeable things, and left her strong athletic daughters in comparative free— dom. Flora, in the larger cxpcrience that had come with wife and motherhOod. had begun to realize this, and, regretting her own former thoughtlessness, had tried, perhaps untactfully, to bring to Betty a similar understanding, and thus to ben- efit the dear selflsm-rificing mother, and, perhaps, save the little sister future vain and bitter regrets. Plainly now, in this moment of en— lightenment, Betty realized something, at least, of her sister’s hitherto apparently antagonistic attitude, and of her moth- er's sacrificing spirit. And while she preparations for b An Alaskan Eskimo Family of Four. » 17*233 dressed and cOmbed her long tress-es and wound the smooth shiny braids about her head, she did some hard thinking, with the result that later in the morning she lay her head upon Miss Marshall's shoulder and told her how, in this visit, where she had expected only joy and good times, she had learned one of life’s much needed lessons—one» that before she had refused to even try to learn. “I'm going h0me,” she vowed, tears glistening in her eyes, “and be a better daughter to my mother because of what I have seen here.” Thus Miss Marshall's heart was glad- dened, too. ’Tis a beautiful thing to tell one's friends when they have helped in any way. One is strengthened in the telling and the other helped on to great- er usefulness through the hcaring. it was just at dinner time when the telegram came. Strange what a fright and flutter thOSe innocent looking little yellow slips of paper will send to the. heart of one who dbes not often receive them. It. read simply, “Come home at once—Flora." Betty’s face turned white with apprehension. “Mother," was all \\'e are township, you to gch us a cdition,—l\'ennrth and Marguerite Jacobs. two little farmers of Cooper Allegan county, and will ask place. in your Valentine she said, and lliss Marshall, with the conversation of the morning and an ex- perience of her own to aid her loving unt'lerstanding of the young girl's fright and misery, was very tender and gentle. No use to tcll Betty that a telegram was nothing to be frightened over, that im- doubtedly she \yould find things all right when she arrived at home. She only shook her head and murmured, “It‘ must be something scrions. Flora Would never have telegraphcd unless it was." The fright homeward and that And down from wrctchedness of trip lictty never forgot. then shc climbed miserably the car stops and was greeted a mo- ment later by Flora's cheery good na- iurcd call, a. call that Contained not the slightest suspicion ol‘ heartache. liaising her cyts she saw her sister waiting im- patiently in the little carriage, and be— side hcr a man, a big slrong man whom Bctty for a moment (lid not recognize, smiling a joyous welcome. No wonder the relief was So grcat that for a. few moments she was almost hysterical. “Only had two days." explained the big man, jovially; “just snatched them out of a hurried business trip, and I couldn‘t go back without seeing my lit- tle sister, could l?” he smiled «piizzically down at her, and was pleased at her lie-arty, “\Vell, if you had!" The little mother Wondered at the unusual warmth ing, but it was .all somewhat of lieity’ greet- explaincd that even- ing when, alone together in mother’s room, the 193801], with its subsequent fright and misery, were confessed, and Betty, laying a soft plump cheek against her mother's, whispered, “And mamsy, dear, you’re never going to crawl out in the cold and build another fire as long as ‘yours truly’ is able to do it for you.” And at her mother’s quick, though pleas- ed, remonstrance, Betty smiled her most bewitching smile- and, shaking a. plump white forefinger at her, chided gaily, “No, you won’t, mother mine. I’ve been the pampered darling long enough. It's your turn to be babied now, if you please.” But the very nicest bit of it all is that Betty never forgot, keeping her resolve faithfully, and today people say of her, “Isn’t that Mitchel girl lovely to her mother?” which is the very loveliest com- pliment anyonecan pay to a girl. Egg [rough roads Diamon" italized Rubbel 5 No ‘ «~ : Clinch lll’e tough enough to fight the roads—elastic enough to absorb shocks—built in such a way as to prevent rim troubles. Other Diamond advantages —Vitalized Rubber, Perfect 3-Point Rim Contact .‘and the No- Pinch Safety Flap for inner tube protection. NoJ’incb Safely Flap, . So this tinle specify “Diamonds”— you can get them at any of the always at your Serxzcc l ' hirle ..President d Susiienders bl 'IQiiari-nniee'on' each pair“ ‘ They’re so Comfortable UST the suspenders you‘ve been wanting—because Shirley President SuSpenders move freely—won‘t. pull on your should- ers—and don’t strain. Millions of men have proved it—why don’t you. Wear a pair for a month. if you don’t like them. we will buy them back at price you paid. Made in Light and Medium Weights. Extra lengths for tall man. Each pair guaranteed. Price 50 cents everywhere The C. A. Edgarton Mfg. Co. Shirley Guaranteed Suspenders 501 Main Street Shirley, Mass. w FREE BOOK 0N ALFALF'A HOW TO GROW IT ON YOUR LAND “Alfalfa—Wonder Crop.” is the title of a new book just issued by us. It contains a fund of priceless information on alfalfa growingsccured from many sources; United States Government, State Expen- nlent Stations, the best posted authorities and suc- cessful growers. This information was secured at a great cost of time. money and research. and yet it is yours for the asking without cost. This book will convince you that ourfarm has some land on which you can grow falfa; it tells how to get re: sults from the firstlFlanting. how to select the field and prepare the so' , including fertilizing; plowing, liming, and how to prepare the seed; when to plant, how to plant. It tells you what to do during the growing period, how to get bigger than average crops, and how to cut and cure. This book is worth man dollars to the farmer interested in growing al site. but we gladly send it without cost or obligation of any kind it you answer at once. Don’t put it off—write for free book today. GALLON" Il08.-BOIMAI 60.. "X 8443 WHEN”. M. ANTED FOR U. 8. ARMY—Able-bodted. un- married men. between ages of 18 and 35; citizens of Uniton States. of good character and temperate habits. wno can speak. read and write the English language. For nformatlon apply to Recruiting Oficer 212 Griswold 8 Detroit. Mich. Heaven- r all Block. 83 inaw, Mlch.. lat: and Saginaw Streets. lint. Mich. 1 l West: llaln Street. Jackson. loll.- Huron t Quay Streets. Port Huron. Michigan. "IIED moo‘ “3"ka loll Clerk! Ind Clerk'cnrflgfl for Parcel Post. Examinations soon. Splendid solar-lea. lcl‘ ill a clump of low bushes. Trial Examination Pros. Write ORIENT, 17 11., S! lords, lo. WORK FOR lT. BY JOHN E. DOLSEN. I have- noticed, my son, That no prizes are won, _VVorth the while, by desire alone; Back your Wishes with good, Steady work, if you would .Make the things that you your own. long for, You should never, my son, While ’tis yet to be done,- From the labor attempt to escape; If you’d have things “come ’round," Dig, chisel or pound, Pull or whittle them into that shape. 'MATCHING MAN’S CUNNIING AGAINST THAT OF ANIMALS. BY ISAAC MOTES. Perhaps, of all wild animals and birds, the wild turkey is the hardest to creep upon by a hunter. and yet the experi- enced turkey hunter occasionally brings in a fine gobbler or hen turkey from the woods as a trophy of his markmanship and cunning. A hunter takes more pride, if possible, in killing 3, Mid turkey than in killing a deer, because in some respects the turkey is wilder. A least it has sharper eyes. It is well-nlgh impossible for a hunter to creep up near enough to shoot a wild turkey in the open woods, so he must resort to deception of some kind in order to get within rifle shot of it. To do this he may have recourse to different methods. The method most: commonly used by hunters is to call a turkey 111’ by yelping through a quill or bone. Some hunl‘el‘s make a turkey call- er out of a joint of cane about five or six inches long, and of the size ordinarily employed for a stem to a clay pipe. But the caller most commonly used is made from the bone in the second joint of a turkey’s wing. This is cleaned of all meat and gl'istle and carefully scraped with a sharp knife or a piece of broken glass. Then the ends are cut away and filed smooth, after which the marrow in— side is removed and the bone thoroughly dried. The opening at either end is trim- med out with a sharp pointed knife», care being taken to leave no uneven or splint- cl'ed edges to spoil the clear, shrill tone of the (filllCl‘. The turkey hunter holds this hollow home between his lips and, by drawing the air sharply through it, makes a sound like the call of a hen turkey. “'hen a. big gobbler hours this call in the early morning, soon after flying down from his most, he comes eagerly towards it‘. If the hunter is well concealed behind a blind and re- mains perfectly still, he has a thousand times better chance to kill the turkey than if he tried to creep up to it. If this plan doesn‘t work it will be because there an- no turkeys within hearing. So expert is the old turkey hunter in imitating the call of the hen that he can not only deceive, a gobblel‘ into walking up within rifle shot, but also other cun- llillg animals. as a friend of mine once found out to his surprise. lie was sit- ting at the foot of a large tree on the crest of a hill one morning, ElltleilVOI‘lng to call up some turkeys which he had just heard fly down from their rooSting places ill the trees. In front of him, about three feet away, was a clump of grass which served as a screen: His po- sition was perfect, and he felt confident of getting some game. His rule was never to move under any circumstances after taking a position and beginning to call. It was very early in the morning. and a bit hazy, so that. ob- jects could not be discerned with clear- ness at any great distance. He had suc- ceeded in getting the turkeys to answer him and waited as still as a stone image for their coming, when, suddenly, over the top of the grates screen flashed the lithe, red body of a. fox, and two rows of sharp white teeth closed, with a vicious snap, on the hand grasping the wing- bone caller. It is difficult to say whether the hunter or the fox was the most frightened. The man gave a yell which drove all the fur- keys out of that part of the country and sent the fox away like a. red streak through the woods. While it is well nigh impossible to creep up to a drove of turkeys, yet this is oc- casionally done if a man practices some deception which keeps them from discov- ering that it is a man approaching. This friend I speak of was skilled in every conceivable method of killing these sharp- eyed birdS. One ruse was this: Upon , seeing a drOVe of turkeys far in the dis- tance, where the ground was dry' and reasonably level, 'he would lie down, with THE MICHIGAN FARM-ER his rifle clasped to his bosom, the muzzle extending up some distance beyond his head, so as to avoid possible danger. Then he w0uld roll slowly toward the turkeys. When they saw him they would probably take him to be a hog or some other low animal not dangerous to them. If there were hogs in the woods, or a number of cattle, the turkeys wouldn’t be likely to take alarm at his approach, though they might: eye him suspiciously if he was the only living creature in sight. It might be possible irilthls way to get two turkeys, if the drove contained sev- eral, for when ‘Shot at so unexpectedly, from a, point so close by, they would be, apt to scatter ill all directions, some run- ning, some flying low. and one might run or fly so close to the hunter that he could spring up and shoot it on the wing or on the run. One reason a turkey has sharper eyes than a deer is that, like all birds, it has the ability to move its eyeballs in their sockets with great quickness, so as to look in almost all directions without mov- ing otherwise. It can thus change its angle of vision without the movement of its head. By this means it sees an enemy approaching from the rear almost as eas- ily as if he approached in front. You notice this in chickens and other domestic fowls. When the familiar warn- ing is given in the fowl yard that a, hawk is near you will see all the hens holding up their heads, rolling their eyes in every direction, looking for it. By rolling the eyeballs they adjust the angle of vision so as to look ill all directions, and of course in wild turkeys this characteristic is more highly developed, being always more on the watch for danger than chickens. In spite of this, however. man has been given a trained mind which ell- ables him to outwit the turkey in its own haunts. but it takes a hunter who thor- oughly understands the nature of the fowl to do it. A turkey cannot fly far, and it would seem that nature has pur- pogely made up for this deficiency by giv- illg them the ability to run rapidly, and also blessed them with sharp eyes. Another way the experienced hunter sometimes secures a wild turkey is by creeping upon them in a deep gulley or creek, while they are feeding along one side of the stream, until he- is within rifle shot of them. Or he may take a position near a. blackberry patch in the deep woods. or near the edge of an old abandoned field alongside deep woods, for blackberries are apt to grow along old- fence rows in such places, and wild tur- keys are exceedingly fond of them. By taking this position very early in the morning, before the turkeys have flown down from the trees, and hiding behind a Screen of bushes or vines, you stand a good chance to get a fine. fat gobblel'. Another plan the turkey hunter some- times follows is to go out in the. deep woods at night, in some locality where he thinks turkeys urc roosting, creeping around through the woods until he sees one in the trees. The moon should be full, and low in the heavens, say two or three hours high, so the hunter can get the tull'key botwt‘len himslclf and the moon, for if the moon is high he will have to come so close to the tree that the turkcy will probably fly away. By getting a big turkey gobbler exactly be- tween himself and a full moon the hunter has a line chancc to kill it, for the moon- light shine-s along the polished steel bar- rel of his rillc, enabling him to get as good a sight as though it were broad daylight. and if he is a good shot his folks may enjoy a fine turkey dinner next day. BRAMBLE HILL. (Continued from page 232). the right of way, causing more excite- ment in an hour than Turtle Creek had known in a lifetime. “Who could a figured out the idea of that dam?”. cried Lafe Turner, grabbing Aloislous’. arm quite lrreverently in the excitement of the moment. “It couldn’t 8. been Sid Edgewortlh?” “No, it weren’t Sid Edgeworth; he thinks he knows too much to be smart enough for a job like that. It’s what I'd call a damn good dam au’ I'm bettin’ dollars to doughnuts it’s the work of that other city teller; he don’t look like he knowed nothln’ either. He must a. come down on purpose.” All eyes ill the little group drifted back to the sensational scene as soon as the oracle had closed his orifice. They watch- ed a body of confused railroad hands try- ing to do something, evidently planning a second dam to shuntihe water back off what they considered their ground. The planks they used floated down Fan. 22, 1913. stream, slipping away. It was a futile endeavor anyway, for it' has been proved that water will not flow uphill and» the empty creek bed was. adsome distance up a considerable slants It was impos- sible, too, to drain the Water off on the other side, for there towered Bramble Hill. Their right-of-way was fairly trap— ped in a valley and the only possible way of relieving the situation and allowing work to continue was to destroy the dam. But that could not be done without or- del's from up above. for the act consti- tuteda trespass and no construction boss would undertake anything actionable without definite orders from his supe- riors. _ Anether‘ difficulty stood in the way of destroying the dam. That was Brigadier General Hornbill, marching up and down, pa‘tl'olirlg the dam, 'mllltaut. alert, his whiskers twitching like a rat’s. ' Across his shoulder was his old Civil War mus- ket. the barrel bent in service by a can- non ball, now loaded with salt and shin- ed up for action. That he meant busi- ness could be seen in the energy with which he worked his jaws and glared at any sect-ion band who dared cross an inch beyond the. condemned strip of land. All the sightseers gaped for a sight of Sid. or Jim, or Jerusha. But none of them put in an appearance. Later in the morning Sam Dunlap pick- ed his slow-footed way through the brush on Bramble Hill and had a look for him- self. Harold Ewer was beside him, quite as aloof as his model, and as horrified. for the mixed expression on Sam Dun~ lap’s usually smug face informed his neighbors that he was greatly perturbed, excited and put out by the unexpected, surprising turn that events had chosen of their own accord to take. “It was a mighty low-lived trick to sneak up behind the railroad’s back and fool them this way,” Dunlap was over- hean remarking in a cross-grained bel— low to Ewel'. “If I'd have heard of it in time I'd have told the whole thing to the railroad people; then I guess Sid Edge- worth 'would have been surprised." “I guess he would,” Ewer was heard to agree. “As it was. he did a lot of underhanded work and got that grade contractor from Bayvicw to sneak over here in the dead of night and do the work, I hear.“ “A fine thing to do!" was the last snort overheard from Dunlap. “If I’d only got wind of it I'd showed ’em a. trick or two. I’d a beat them at their own game, I would." “I believe you would, sir," agreed Ewer anxiously. “If there’s.anything in the line of smooth work going on you‘ll beat them all, sir, you'll get the best of—” “what's that!" Dunlap caught‘ him up quickly, “you—" but the remainder of the sentence was lost to the listeners. Dunlap had passed on and climbed heav- ily into the light lop buggy, dragging his side down so the box Scraped on the springs. Elm-1' hopped ill at the other side and sat on the outer edge in all ef- fort to balance the buggy as he drove his patron home. The villagers switched back to a dis- cussion of the part taken in the dam building by the grade contractor who had failed to ger‘ the railroad contract. His action in siding in with Sid and help~ illg him was looked upon as rank heresy and he was censured on all sides. Among the throngs who came during the day to witness the great spectacle was a queer old fellow whose farm Tur- tle- Cl'eek and Bayview straddled. He hadn‘t been to Turtle Creek for four years or more. due to his illdolellce and indecision of purpose; living exactly be- tween the towns he couldn’t make up his mind which to go to, so he stayed at home. But this wonderful happening had been big enough to drag him out, with the others. He arrived along in the at- ternoon to see with his own squint eyes the goings on of the hitherto 'steady and fixed old creek. “Vi'ell, it here ain’t Len Topping,” ex- claimed Niles Pash, first of the Stimpson ring to discover the old man, hurrying over to extend a hearty hand to the crotchet'y old fellow. “Yes. here I be.” answered Len Top- ping, drawing ln 3. sad long breath like u bed—ridden great aunt and lifting his h:ll'ld lazily to sweep the horizon. desig- nating his long weary trip" from heme to Bramble Hill ill his. old Congress buggy. the trappingsof which once black were now a mouldered green. “\Vhat d’yah think of the goin‘s on?" queried Niles. " ' ' “Pretty bad! Pretty bad! There ain’t been nothln' as big as this happened since the snow of ’86." (Continued On page 236). THE MICHIGAN FARMER 19—235 FEB. 22, 1913. - AN ALL-WORK TRACTOR Man did his first plowing with a wooden stick. If you plow with horses, this looks queer to you. But the farmer with a tractor looks upon working horses as queer too-- except for small jobs—to him it means waste. Get these! Tractor Facts in your mind \ It is the only tractor that burns kerosene I successfully under all conditions of climate and One man's work on a farm with one horse‘ is limited to 25 acres—one man with a tractor handles 400 acres. You can't afford to plow and till as deeply with horses—nor as well. standing idle most of the time. It costs too much to keep a lot of horses A tractor will save $l an acre in plowing-besides it will harrow, haul, thresh, bale, saw, etc.-~ pull any machine or drive it with a belt. A horse eats l0,000 pounds of food a year. One acre out of every five under cultivation goes to feed farm horses. A tractor works 24 hours a day if necessary—a horseLO hours at best. Horses get sick—tractors don't. A plague struck Kansas last year—20,000 horses died in six weeks. To plow ah acre is a day’s work for a man and one horse—30 minutes work for a man With a tractor. The tractor is as far ahead of the horse as the railroad is ahead of the stage coach. Here is the whole tractor argument: LESS WORK—BETTER CROPS— MORE PROF IT! It makes a Difference what Tractor you have Some prove costly~some cheap. We build a tractor the right way. For simplicity, power and adaptability, it is the equal of any tractor. F or strength and cheapness of operation, it has no equal. It really Costs tess because it lasts longer. For all-round tractor ability pick the. load. It is built with the right idea—to use cheap, abundant fuel-—and make it give the same results as gasoline. Think of the saving in fuel cost~$l.50~-$3.00 every day you use it. Here are some OilPull Facts ‘ FUEL —~-The OilPull burns any liquid fuel. It will burn kerosene in any climate~at any load. ENGINE ~- The OP. 30-60 hp. is a four-cycle engine with two cylinders of ten-inch diameter and twelve-inch stroke. OP. 15-30 h.p., a single— cylinder engine with same diameter cylinder and same stroke. CYLINDERS" The cylinders are singly cast and have indi- vidual heads. CARBURETER -“ The Secor—Higgins Car— bureter is used~which regulates the supply of fuel under all conditions. There are no springs nor internal mechanism within the carbureter. IGNITION SYSTEM--Low tension make-and- break ignition with standard magneto. Battle Creek, Mich. “UMEL‘, l/ZL LUBRICATION-A combination forced TRACTOR 'and splash system of lubrication is used. “ ”0R7: mn- COVERNOR—The governor is actuated by bevel gears which are driven by reduction shalt within the -crank case, affording perfect speed regulation without stopping to readjust carbureter or governor. GENERAL — The material and design of the gearing. crank shaft, crank case, valves, axles, etc., is of the best. All working parts are accessible and still thoroughly protected. The Oill’ull combines endurance, dependability, simplicity, and low running cost with the fullest capacity for self-regulation. OilPull is made in two‘sizes— 30 tractive h.p., 60 brake h.p., and IS tractive h.p., 30 brake h.p. The Dreadnought Steering guide, which makes the tractor self- steering, is furnished with every OilPuIl. We are also able to furnish a complete line of power-farming machinery—gang—plows. threshing outfits, automatic balers, saw mills, etc. W rile for data-book on the _OiIPuIl RUMELY PRODUCTS CO.» (Incorporated) ,Power-Farming Machinery Home Office: LaporteJnd. 236—20 FARMS lllil mm nuns run SALE on EXillllliIiE Fun s‘LE—A form of Oil norm. F‘nir building; find bostof soil. lllnquiro of Hill) A B. It ".6, Howell. Livlumtou County. lohigun. FOO. OEIIlllllE YOIIII SillE Fllll BlilOlllS write BILLINHH FARM Aill‘lNOY. Apllnphlon. N.Y. Do You Want a Farm?- A postiil mm mm you ii lot. of money hand for list. of forum. no: 47. Mono-tn. Michigan. 0R 8:“on autos Will-bill‘miros OM fig: 1% nizysnmi‘l; " ‘ n u mo . us i- ii £3 cl: whammy o. .i.......... Mm... -Gro met. Fruit. ‘oiint . We SellOooena Farms A... 0...... «.1... Al. rule. amt. List free. HANSON it HON. Hurt. Mich. CANADA I‘AN .- Wriio for our 82 page booklet con lvl’il ii i n 83 photonru lilo vlowe. iind mtiutiniil mid detnl pd Intormu ion iii-out. our lands in oust. control Hukntohewnn It‘ll run. The Wsluli Limd Um. Winnipflu. Oniiedn. OIILY $275 BUYS SMALL Fllill“§,‘.'.‘lli"lml.'ln .3233.”— tiikos isoonion. Writer ulckly for Vli‘Wllulll piirtio- “lure."(lflil. W. DEE . Box hill, Wuyoroes. (iii. BEE-ACRE FARM largo houlo and burn. 1‘1 inllos from Euton Rapid» on HM & Elonta‘lo Hum. ill) "urns clover, throo nlfullu. Iota: ol‘ fruit. 'r't-c oiriior. llox I0 “outc 8. I‘Iiiiuil lliipliln. Mlclili'nn. FOR SA L E » I'roductivo llAllll‘Oliil 00., MARYLAND I'nl‘ni '((‘l\n show crop vIole 2‘3." :Ii‘i‘i'H mom or low. hnli' wood loud. H Milo Build. k (lliiu Million. 1! milon l‘urilior Ponnii. elation trunk lincl in miles linitimoro. Quick transport-Mon. lingo uinrkntn. Lion lililll. gently ruli- nu. l‘wo houncn. Iiiriio NllllM rooI‘ Imru, outbiiildln u utulilinfllllhond (‘. ililSiJ‘lY l.l’I"l‘l(l. llnlliinoro. d . BUY NEW YORK FARMS NOW, Boat Lands. “Mi i‘rJ )3. Boat. Homo-I. Rigatoni. burns. Fiiicst, schools. cliurc um. roads and transportation. For list. of Now \‘uri. forms uddmm. MI'HI'RNEY d“ (‘(l.. Fishcr Building. (lhicnuo. ill. ' nl nim iron-d lands in Doliiwnrc. Fflllla Farms ilirm‘idtlid farming llvo nook. dc- lioimiu fruits and idonl honiim. or information address. 8mm Board of Agriculture. Dover. Doliiwnru- FARM FOR SALE, 0 o l lie from Nirinnl School. Hprinu crook. Homo tigibonr. Addnizoi 0. A. GAIN. iiilliiiiiii. Miuhlmm. L 0"" co FARMS—I own and control lnipruyod 6 ‘ ' nnd llnimprui'od I‘urm innild. “'ritm mo dwwribiu i‘ully what. you mind. I‘ u. REYNOLDS, l . l“. i). No. :1, (iludwin. Mich. Virginia Farms and Homes Flil‘il‘l CA’I‘ALHGI'H HY“ Sl‘LENllll) BARGAINS. R. ll. CllAl-‘l'lN A“ (1).. him. Richmond. Va. MYNNESOTA has ll homo for you. (loud lnnd nt. low prions. Literature giving informa- tion nbout soil. cliiuntu. rim of land. 060., sciit.‘ free on applimition to H. .l. iiiuilcld. (loniiuissionur of immigration, Room 219 Stat» Capitol. St. Paul. Minn. -.\' . i ‘tl . D " FARMS WANTED .1?- 'I‘iiliglmnn’;f_’“w”.im°3.- scribing property. naming lowest. price. We help bur on lncnwdcslrnbic pmpcrty FRE Amoricnn Invent- nient Association. :I l’aiacc lildu, Minneapolis. Minn. Hnroil you time ond 0U" FARM LIST monoy In hulin a farm. ASK FOR“. MICHIGAN FARM HOME 0).. (irimnyillo, Mich. II It Would Give You a 40—lcre Farm Fm :1..'.°.l‘..: of railroad. would you hc million: to toll your friends about our land oponiiicf’ For part iciilnm. address M r. i . . (‘LA Land i‘aniniix‘smni-r.Liru (lzik. l‘orry & Gulf Railroad Company lion Li“ Lin» (hik. Florida. FOR SALE—Townr Form of 500 ACI‘NI. situated '2 miles north of Ann Arbor. An excellent. dniry farm. Well water-Ni. barns ciiplicity for llll dairy cows. silos hill time. two dwclliuu’s. milk hoiisc, ico house. ulorngc burns. ouo mile frontage on urtillclul lake. Price ninnonnblc :ind icrms cosy Address J. I). TO\\'.\ ll. [inst Lune-ing. )llclilgnn. Mill}. F0" Sglg‘horrris’uaar egg; Yor- full dozfilpagn 33mm” " ‘ 3% 00 on: lchlgan. 12. D. 8, Mouton. Wexi‘oril Colmity. I , ’ . WISOONSII kggiiiifi'uisgrli “0.15:"; rill/lily “bill: I “Hi-H ov‘li gill)" Wiimuiiin'mm; “1'3""19‘h ”I"; WOOL showed 4.4 tmnn pcr euro. exceed- In all other states. For dotiilh- wrlco ‘w‘nn “ll-conein Advancement. ’n.. 301 Ouwell Block. Milwoukoe. Wino. For Quick Sale Ohoion Bootlon iiskntohew Form Lend 640 in rich mll. iluc whom district. oridisienoe from town. l’rlco l por ncro. 'l‘orniii 5 cash. hiiln ooh ours. Bhoul double In Veil“! within 3 yours. list. he sold. Apply 1’. 0. Ho: 50, Owon Bound. (lenudii WHY PAY llENl “'2. "12%? anil- Bed w ens. Bey Cry. W3: (new :3:- . r s. .. (0%“..33) 16 {dauphin .miuew. w. . iehine. thereture will be sent to my- one interested in the wonder- ful Sacramento Valley. the richest valley in the world. Unlimited opportunition. Thou-emi- of euros usihihln et. right prince. Tho plea-forth. mun wsntinlo home in the finest. cliiuiiie on earth Wrflo to 3 public ornmluiioii that givcr wimp.“ CALIFORNIA FOR INFORMATION AS TO LAND. IN The Nation’s Garden Spot- ‘l‘llA‘l' GREAT FRUIT and TRUCK GROWING SECTION— along the Atlantic Coast Line RAILROAD in Vi lull North and South Carolina. Georg I, Alsbsms and Florida, write to I WI Lilllll McCOY. E. N. CLARK. A. .tr. l. Ant. for Florida. A. (t 1. Ant. for Virginia Alnbiunii. (leormn, and the Carolina, Jsokloiiville, Fin. Wilmington. N. 0. YOUR OPPORTUNITY I Is NOW In the Province of SASKATOIIEWAII Waitern Oanada Do you desire to get u Froo Homestead of 1 0 Acres of then well known When: Land! The era. is hecomln more lim- “ad but no loss vein. lo. New District; how. recent! been opened up for settlemen end into these nilrosds ere now being built. The dey will soon q come when there will be no Free Home- - "A' floodinglend left. A am Current. Saskatchewan former . writeez—"I «me here on ' homestead mu. me. with obout a worth of horses-numb .endjustminoub. ' . Today: hove 000 cores of wheat. aoo sores Wore. end 60mm of flex." Not bed (on- “ six yours. but only on instenoe of who”! mey be done in Western Oenedo. in Meni- tobe. Saskatchewan or Alberto. Bend at once for “torsion. Mops. Reil- wey Reta. em. to y M. v. MclNNES, \, 176 Jefferson Ave., Detroit, Mich inr Address. Superintendent or Immi'ntir i. | Ottawa. Ont.. Con-do THE'MICHIGAN‘FARMER BRAMBLE HILL. (Continued from page 234). “It sure is bad.” allowed Niles Push. turning quickly to Hon ii’ Sllmpson were within hearing dictum-c and then adding with a wink. “but i kinder admire the nerve of that BIdKewm'lh lot. They my all of 'cm took a hand, includln’ Oley, an' Mother Hubbard, aii' .lci‘usha. an‘ Web lice." “ch don't say!" Lei-i 'l‘uppliig'n lone crept gradually upward until it reached the brow of u atccp exwllm of sur- prlsc. ".lcruehu Weill I’ m repeated Hoi‘lly. pulling the name with his breath. "Jerushy “billion. Why. I ain't seen her since i prctly iieui' linrscswhipped her one ll‘nlloww-u. huh! blunt if I didn't think she WllH u. buy. [low Ir-t the Ilium-Hello, ihorc. Aloluloiii-i!" Len "Popping rcuchcd out his fut hand. the oily skin bf it cream-d with tiny wrinkles. uud grasped Siliiipson'fi. Evidently Stimpmm hud nciiscd Nl'lLll-l Push defrauding the build- Ing‘ ol‘ the dam iiiid liiid conic. up to rcp- rcscul ilm negative. to pliiy hln proud purl “H prosrculing gossip for the county. “.‘loi'uxlia'u changed now, you wouldn'l know her," Nile» l’aeh answered, un- mlndl‘ul of the interruption, for Siiiuprmn ciiiu-xcd lililc fear in his brensl. though he was respectful of Si‘lmpuon'n views, for life would lic. drcury Ii' HillllllHilIl should cliuiigc his llc:l(l(|llill‘l0l‘H from Niles l’llHll'H ulorc to tho (it‘l)()t. for in- Hl‘ance. Life in ilHt“if in purity and tunic- less. but sprinkle the good HllilCi‘. (:onslp on lop of It and ihcrc Isn't ll. die-xii ihiit; will cipml it. "So llicy Huy, Ho lll(‘I_V Huy.” inui'iiiui‘cd lion 'l‘opplng in tho- ti‘oinbly icon or u. Hi‘li’-c- Without rest and pleasure health falls and when health is- gone ev— erything is“ gone. What doth it profit a mn if he pays the mortgage in full if he does so at the peril of his own life and the lives of those dearest 'to _him? There is- something depressing abOut worry ov- e‘r debts that sends many a man to the insane asylum and later to a premature grave, that the care—free farmer knows nothing about. Better be a tenant all one's days than to be burdened with debts and worry and ill health. In a farm house recently where there was a severe case of illness, very sud- denly a clean sheet was called for and it developed that there wasno such article in the house. 'The farm was heavily mortgaged and in trying to save every penny for it the wife of the farmer had allowed everything to run down to the lowest ebb. The sheets- had to be washed and returned to the beds the same day. there were barely enough towels to use when washed out frequently, the gar- ments of the family were old and patch- ed and they had to be hurried through the wash tub every few days, in short, everything 'about the place was really poverty stricken. And many of the fre— quent cases of illness came directly through lack of home comforts and the wearing of damp garments to save buy- ing new ones. The money paid out in that home for avoidable illness would have made them all comfortable and fur- nished a little fund for pleasure. of which there was a. lamentable lack, but the master and mistress of the farm house consider themselves skilled in the. art of saving and no one could convince them that they are really throwing away their most priceless possession. “But I’m not going 'to live that way.” some young farmer is sure to say. ‘Well, if you are not you may avoid the pitfalls of the mortgaged path, but in a few years you may change your mind from necessity or choice. There is something about a heavy debt that renders young farmers indifferent to the claims of home and society and church and everything pleasant and happy in life. Paying the interest is the chief event on the farm and toward this every energy is bent. The children’s teeth are neglected, the new buggy is put off into the indefinite future. the girls coax for a piano in vain, the family withdraws from society because it costs too much to have com- pany, and besides, nobody has clothes good cnoilgh for social Occasions, well the list might be prolonged, but everyone knows what the excuses are. By and by the boys and girls leave home Where they think they can have better times, and the wife and mother settles down lntlo sallow. faded middle age, content to stay at home, or perhaps in such physical condition that she can not get away. Her husband finds his delight in 'telling how he started with his bare hands and now has a fine farm well stocked, and this is really the only satisfaction anyone gets out of the whole transaction. 80, before any young farmer decides that a so~called successful farmer who started on a mortgaged farm, that: is, a farm mortgaged to the limit, really has made things pay, he should go deeper than the surface. _. It is a life-time job, this business- of paying debts, with many people, so there should be some little ef- i’m-t made to investigate the matter be- fore» plunging into it. THE ANTI-TUBERCULOSIS ASSOCIA- TIONS. . Anti-tuberculosis assooiations have been formed to teach people that tuberculosis takes an annual death toll of over 2,500 lives. in Michigan, costs Michigan over $20,000,000 annually and is preventable and curable; to bring relief to patients; to increase the provision for tuberculous patients; to improve conditions affecting health. "Some of the definite work has been: Establishing visiting nursing; conducting dispensaries; working for the erection of sanatoria; working for medical inspection in schools; working for open—air schools; agitating the subject of open air living and sleeping; conducting a. campaign against the common drinking cup; fur- thering all sanitary measures, as wrap- ping baked goods, cleaning up streets and alleys, :etc.; conducting. fly cam- ; v .{ [in ”will H N 'iri‘wuiélfll' l a] . , s 1in All Krillfl‘l ‘ @enasco ‘ THE TRINIDAD-LAKE-ASPHALT .., , I... Ii 1 l Get roofing you don’t have to repair and renew every little while. You want the roofing made with a genuine watcrproofcr. Genasco is made of Trinidad Lake asphalt—Nature’s everlast- ing waterproofcr. , It doesn't split, crack, rot, rust, or crumble. Gives lasting protec- tion against all weathers. Ask your dealer for Genasco. Mineral or smooth surface. Look for the hemisphere trademark. Every roll of smooth surface Gcnasco is supplied with patented Kant-leak Kleeta, that make scams watertight without cemcn t and large-headed nails—prevent nail-leaks. Write us for samplcsoi Gcnasco and the Good Roof Guide Book. free. The Barber Asphalt Paving Company largesfproduccrs of asphalt. and largest manuiactuxas of ready roofing in the world. Philadelphia New York San Francisco —Tc advertise our business. make new friends and intro- Guaranhed 5 Years duco our catalogue of Elgin Watches we will send this .y elegant watch by mail. post puid for Only 980. Gontlcnlcn's size. full nickel ‘. silver plated case. Arabic dill]. lover escupelllont. stem wind and stem let. a perfect time-keeper and fully guaranteed for 5 years. Send this advertisement in us with 98 cents, and Which will he sent by return mail postpuid. Satisfac- iinll guaranteed or lllUlll‘y refunded. Send 98 cents todn ' Address ) GUARANTEE SALES 00.. 354 CONGRESS PL. Detroit, Mich_ The Michigan Farmer one Year The New York (a-a-ween World One in. _ Both Only $1.20 Post Pid Maple Syrup Makers. The experience of thousands proves the ' - CHAMPION BVAI’ORATOR the best. for quality of syrup. convenience and ‘ durability. It will save you labor. time und fuel. Made of _ the best imported Charcoal Tin Plate. 1" ‘ ‘3 Write for catalog stating number of trees you top. All on rmnkers' sup- plies urnished. CHAMPION EVAPORATOR COMPANY. Holcom'Olio. The New York World comes to you three times each week thus giving you practically a. New York daily. The New York World is unexcelled as a newspaper and will keep you posted on the news of the world. Send all orders to THE MICHIGAN FARMER, Detroit, Mich. 23~-239 Michigan lung’s ‘ club List. For the benefit and convenience of our subscribers we have arranged the following list of papers on which we can save them money. Besides the money. tho! save the trouble and expense of sending each order separately EXPLANATION—Tho first column is the regular subscription price of the other papers. ’ine second column given our price for a. year's subscription to both the other paper and the Michigan Farmer. The third column gives the price akwhich the other paper may be added when three or more are ordered. If price is not. given in this column ask us. Example: We will send the Michigan Former npd Detroit Semi-Weekly Journal for 81.15. If. for in ltnnoo. McCall's Magazine also is wanted add it at 400 making total $1.55. Any number of papers may be added at third column price if they are for a sub scriber to the Michigan Farmer. I! you want the MICHIGAN FABMEB THREE YEARS and the other papers one your add 750 to the second column price. For the Michigan Farmer 5 years add $1.50. 3:: damp-o}: ”lad samples of other a to. Address pu era lrec . p and all orders to the M iohigan Farmer or through our it onto. Wagwill take your order for any publication you wont. whether listed or not. Write or n . N .——:lo long as a subscriber in on our list for one or more years he may order at on time any publications at. third column price. 80 t. at a. three of five year nubocrlber does not lose the advantage of the reduced prioofit he wants any other paper next bar or the your a tor. ) Subscriptions ordered to Canada require stage. Write for rates unless stage ls known. in t at ease include with order. outage on Michigan Farmer alone to Canada is 1 cent per week. Seoexplnnn. NAME OF PUBLICATION. tion .50“,- Dally. (6 a Week) on B. F. I). only. 3 8 3 Free Press Detroit....... 2 60 2 50 Journal. Cottoih... 2 50 2 50 Times, Detroit ........ 2 00 2 (X) Herald Grand Ra ids 2 50 Z 50 News. Grand Rapi s. Mich. .. 2 00 l 7§ Press. Grand Rapids...... ..... . 2 0) 2 2r) Courier-Herald. Saginaw ................. 2 50 2 25 News Ssginnw..'............. 2 00 2 25 Tribune. Bay City. Mloh..... .... 200 _2 10 Binde 'l‘oledo................... .. ......... 2 (1) fi 05 News- oe. Toledo. Ohlo...... .... .... .... 2 (X) -. m Journal. Lansing.... .. 2 00 2 00 Tri “’eekly Newspapers World. n. v. City .......................... l 00 120 75 Semi Weekly Newspapers Journal. Detroit. Mich .............. 1,00 1 15 70 Weekly Newspapers ; Blade. Toledo, Ohio....... . 1 00 1 no 55 Commoner. Lincoln. _Ncb 1 (I) l 05 50 Enquirer. Cincinnati, 0. 1 00 1 ()0 55 Inter Ocean. Chicago. (w). .. 1 0i) 1 00 Cattle. Sheep. Swine. Poultry. etc. American Poultry Journal. Chicago, (to) 1 00 l 20 75 American Poultry Advocate. Syracuse. {)0 80 35 American Sheep Breeder. Chicago (m).. l 001 35 99 American Swinoherd, Chicago. (in) ..... 50 { Bo Breeders' Gazette. Chicago. (W).... .. 75 l 4.;‘1 00 Form Poultry Boston. Mass. (s-m) 50 sol 35 Fruit Belt. Grand Rnplds. Mich......... 1 (X) 70' 25 Green's Fruit Grower. Rochester, (m).. 50 8i)I 35 Hoard's Dairymen. Fort Atkinson, “'ls. 1 00 1 20! 75 Horseman Chica o. _(m) ------------------ 2 00 '1 ()5 1 Jersey Bulletin. .ndlnnnpolis. Ind. MI 00 1 35| Kimball‘s Dairy Former. Waterloo. . i (a-m) ..................................... 50 804 35 National Sportsman. Boston. Mass. (m) 1 001 153 70 Poultry Keeper. Quincy. Ill. (m) ......... 50 801 35 Poultry Pointers Kalamazoo Mich ...... 50 WI 2:. Poultry Success. Springfield, 0. (m) ..... 50 70 25 Reliable Poultry Journal,Qnincy.Ill.(m) 50 30 35 Swine Breeders’ Journal, Indianapolis. Ind. (s-m).... .......... ................. '60 8) 35 Popular Magazines. morioan Magazine N. Y. City. (m).... 1 50 1 60'1 15 .osmopollnon. N. 1'. City. (In l 50 1 so 1 15 Everybodys Ma azine N. Y. City. (in)... 1 50 1 60 1 15 Etude, Philade phin, ‘Pa. (m) ............. l 50 1 so 1 1.5 Mechanical Digest, Grand. Rapids (m).. 25 70! 25 VIcCll'res, Magazine. N . City. (m)....l1 50 1 601 15 Wusician Boston. Mass. (m) ............. ’1 50 1 55 i 10 People's home Journal. N. Y. City. (ml‘ :30 85‘ 40 Pearson's Magazine. New York Pity. (mm 50 1 55 1 10 Red Book Magazine Chicago. Ill. (m)..31 m 1 5:, 1 10 Review of Reviews, . Y. City. (m)...... 3 00 3 00 Ladlec' or Household. l l Delineator. N. Y. City. (m)..... 1150‘] 60 1 15 Designer. N. Y. City. (m)...... ....‘ 13.1“?) 6i) Harper's Bazar. N. Y. City. (m)..........l1 2.41 45 1 {.0 Housewife. N. Y. City. (in ............ 501 80 ;'. McCall's Magazine. N. Y lty. (m) 50. 33' 40 Mother's Mag. El in. Ill. (m).... . 10011 15 70 Modern Priscilla. oston. Mass. (111 1 Ollll 2.5 90 ictorial Review N. Y. City. (In) ..... 1 00,1 25‘ 80 Woman's Home Companion. N.Y.C l 50 l 60 l 15 Womnns World, Chicago. (m)............ 25 60 15 Religious and Juvenile. l American Boy. Detroit Mich. (111).... 1 0011 20 75 Boys' Ma azine. Smethport, Pa. (m).... 1 00:1 )5 '10 Little Fo ks. Salem. Mass. (m) .......... 1 00i1 45 1 on Young People‘s W‘eekly. Elgin. Ill. (w.) '75 95 .30 Youths Companion. Boston. ass. I (w) New Subscribers ................... 2 00 2 05 1 60 Youths Companion Boston, Mass. (w) I ‘ (Renewal) ............................... I2 00 2 45 2 00 Reputation Outwears Three Ordinary Ranges Bod lined with pure wbeuonboard—you can see it. Takes but ha wfzct baking heat every day in the year. . ti ‘ t fire ervoir argfinggxllntly moved away from fire. Greatest Improvement yMa estlc or wi nt legs. Write today for our booklet. “Rang Com ;, __— -=-- The Range Wltl'l - —==========:;;;;;"; .... . Only when you have done this can you buy intelligently and be sure of w ,— a range that will last a lifetime. You don‘t buy a range every day—besure of satisfac- >>_____l£ .!. tion by not trusting wholly to printed descriptlons. See the _Great Maueuic (dealer in ‘ " I nearly every county of 40 states) compare it. point; for pomt With any other range made. The Great Majestic i. Malleahle and . m Charcoal Iron, Rangemgg‘: It in the only range made of malleable iron and charcoal iron. Charcoal iron won’t run! like steel—malleable iron can ’t break. Perfect Baker—Saves Half Your Fuel The MM is put together with rivets~joints and seams practicallyf 31111;) ‘3ng fggver. '- urea All Copper Reservoxr—Agaiflst Fifie Box ‘ . . Therm ' (1 beats thro h copper poc et. resse from ' .—~ get 011' all ”Wagons 15 gnlloungwater. Just turn ever and tm%n:n‘3°§. v: - we? Put in an, Range—increasing strength and wear of a Great Majestic more than 300* at n at where other ran are weakest—many other exclusive features. u to no It. For sale y dealers in nearly ever county in 40 states. ‘ An ' ‘ dealer can furnish any awe or nty Majestic Range with Majestic Mfg. Co. Dept. 21 Sh‘Lonis. no. H II I l H 4“ .u‘ ___ I is ‘ f...“ . / = HE i, It Should Be In 240—24 No matter whether the Pain is in the Back or Side, Chest or Limbs, you can always rely on an Allcock’s Plaster. It is a standard remedy, sold by druggists in every part of the civilized world. Allceck's Lotion —Rubs right in. Something new and good. For rubbing where it is inconvenient to put a plaster. Wonderful in cases of croup, whooping cough and all local pains. Guaranteed to be an A-l Liniment. Price 50¢. a bottle. Send 5 two cent stamps for sample bottle. ALLCOCK M'F'G (10., 274 Canal St., N. Y. Constipa tz'on , Bz'lz'ousness, Indigestion , etc. Brandi-ems Pills Entirely Vegetable. DON’T my zwo PmoEs —'——"—. __,._ ve £8.00 to "2.00 on I l '31,: .) oosner Ranges ' and Heaters Why not buy the Best when you Lg bu - them at such low un- ome before you buy. Bond postal (ads for largo freon-talc; and p; coo. Hygienic Wool Batting - For Comforters: Made in , one piece 72x84 inches, 2, 2% 3 lb. weights. strictly pure wool, in 3 b comforter is warmer than 6 lbs. of cotton. especially adapted to open air sleeping. Custom work done. send us your wool, will make it into baths for you, write for booklet. MONROE WOOLEN MILLS. Monroe. Michigan. A Pair of Fur Mittens with every Cattle hide or Horse FHE hide lined robe we custom tan. We Custom Tan and Dress Fur Skins 1’ the trapper to the wearer. Taxi ‘ aggro work on Deer, Moose. Elk. and Floor Hugs, from Raw Skins under all conditions. Catalog rushed to your request W. W. WEAVER, 6%.»; 1.. Reading, .. - Michigan. SEND US YOIIII "IDES 00W AND IIOIISE To be tanned and manufactured into coats, robes. gloves, and mittens. We are dressers of all kinds of furs. Write for free catalogue and samples telling all about our busmess. Fur Coats and Robes For Sale 1c THE SYLVANIA TANNING 00. Sylvania. 0 lo. QUILT PATTERNS We want every Quilter to have our book of 480 Designs. containing the prettiest, queerest,scarcelt, most grotesque patterns ever thought of, from old log cabin to stars and puz- zle designs,also crazy, stitches and circulars. All sent, postpaid, for six 20 strains (or silver dime.) LADIE'S ART C0.. Block 37, St. Louis. Mo. TYOUFUDEAS ' ‘ 89.000 offered for certain inven: " dons. 300k "How :0 Obtain a Patent’ and “What to Invent" sent free. Send rough sketch (or free reportas to patent- abillty. Patents advertised for sale at our expense in Manufacturers’ Journals. ensures & CHANDLER. Patent It?” Established 16 run 1 7 W in o D. TVHE MICHIGAN FARMER' paigns; conducting press work; secur- ing illustrated lectures on tuberculosis»; distributing literature; enforcing anti- spitting ordinances; enforcing the state law for reporting of tuberculous cases; securing health films in moving picture theaters; working for needed legislation‘ on health subjects; conducting day camps; organizing local societies and committees to conduct local campaigns; publishing monthly bulletins containing plans for work and general educatioan material; conducting sea-l sales, which not only provide the necessary finances for carrying on this work, but have a. definite educational benefit. Additional workers are needed. If you can help in any of these ways, write to Miss Carol F. \Valton, Secretory, Medical Building, Ann Arbor, offerings your ser- vices. THE YARD BEAUTIFUL. BY MRS. M. E. UNDERVVOOD. Now. while the seed catalogues are fresh in our hands and we are planning for our next garden I wish to put in a plea for more vines and flowers around the form home. Bulbs, seeds and plants are offered so cheaply, and yet how no- ticenble is the barrenness of many farm houses! So much may. be done with vines, it seems a pity that so many dwellings are without llhcm. Almost any plain old farm house can be converted into a feast for the eye by n libcrul use of vines. If there are no porches, alight framework over the door, covercd with vines, greatly improves the appearance of the building, besides furnishing a shady place in which to sit on warm days. \V‘hcre there are unsightly ob- jects, old buildings, fences, walls. rocks, etc., they may all bc hidden under :1. mass of green and bloom with very little expenditure of lime or money. The busy woman can hardly afford to experiment with novelties but there are many tried and true varieties. (if the flowering vines the clematis is a favorite; Climbing roses. when Wcll grown, are beautiful. but they are loss satisfactory to me than other climbers because of the care they require to keep them in a. hcalthy condition. Then there are the wild honeysuckle, wild cucumber, Jap- anese hop, cinnamon and Maderia vines, all good. Even the morning glory, climb- ing naslurtium and sweet pea can be used, but to my mind the Virginia creep- cr is the most satisfactory vinc for busy pcople. It thrives in almost any situa- lion, grows oqunlly well on the north and south of a building, needs but little at- tcnlion when once established and gives the benefit of its shade and beauty from early summer until the last maple has dropped its lcavcs. On our farm we: have used hollyhocks and sweet peas for hiding a remarkably high stone wall in the rear of the back yard. “’9 used the double variety of hollyhock, which is beautiful in early summer, and when they begin to fade the sweet peas are ready to bloom. Be- ing in a Sheltered situation, the sweet peas continue in bloom long after the first frosts‘l, Sunflowers and climbling nasturtiums have been planted together after the same: plan, the sunflowers giv- ing the necessary support to the vines. Everyone should plant some hardy shrubs or plants. Personally I am par- tial to the old-fashioned sorts. \\'hat is more beautiful than the syringe, with its fragrant, waxy blossorns,‘ or than n clump of hardy phlox, pennies or bleeding hcurIS? All of these but the phlox blos- som in the Spring. For midsummer and autumn there are roses, golden glow, larkspur, the hardy hydrangea and many olhcrs to select from. And let us not forget the lily—of-lhc—vallcy to plant in out—of-the-Way nooks, shady spots; and neglected corners. They are lovely for cut flowers and'a continual joy during the blooming season. if you cannot have a bed of annuals you can at least have :1, bed of pansies. If you have never tried them, purchase a, package of mixed seed from any relia- ble seed house. Sow in a shallow box filled with good garden soil about the last of March. Place the box in a sunny Window and cover with :1 glass or paper. Keep the soil moiSt. ‘Vhen all danger of frost is over and the soil is in good condition, set the young plant out in the open ground about one foot apart each way. In a short' time buds will appear. Florists tell us that pans-ies require a. shady situation, but I grow mine where they get the sun all day, and my bed is a. mass of bloom from the last of June till cold, freezing weather. After the first; snowfall I give the bed a light, cov- ering of leaves ‘or straw. In the spring this covering is removed and some fer- tilizer is applied between, the plants, be- ing lightly raked into the soil. No more cultivation is given until the seedlings, from seeds dropped in the fall, are large enough to reset‘. I'seldom, buy new seed unless to secure a new variety, but de- pend upOn these seedlings for new plants. These may be removed to a new bed or left in the same bed. the old plants being pulled out when the young ones. are reuy to bloom. Just one thing more: Give the children a flower bed for their very own. Let them grow their favorites, attend and cultivate them themselves. Encourage them to do their very best. They will surprise you with results. Last spring I gave 16 children in our neighborhood 25 plants each for “Sunshine” gardens, and many bunches of flowers from their gar- dens found their way to the sick and shut-ins. SPRING FASHION HINTS. If there is one tradesmen who deserves the name of early bird, it is the milliner. Already the spring hats are in, though the February winds are howling. And not a few “worms” has this. Spry bird caught, for many a feminine head is crowned with a straw chapeaux, above a warm fur scarf. The hats are, of course, distinctly for early spring wear, and are turbuns, with low crowns and small rolling brims. Red is the distinctive color, principally the warm cherry rod that has been so popu- lar all winter. Simple trimming is the thing, a. velvet bow and band, a quill thrust through a knot of velvet, or one fcal'her. Bcsidcs the rod, which is in fine straw, ihcl'c are dark blue and black and novelty braids. After a. few seasons of skimpy bobble skirts, we are coming to draperies, pan- niers or overskirts, whatever you choose to call them. The new skirts, even the suit skirts, are showing draped effects, much to the horror of shout women who look even worse in them than in hobbies, if such a thing isn possible. Indeed, so popular are. drapcries that the bodices and sleeves are drapea. as well as the shirts. The woman with scrawny arms will rejoice to learn that long sleeves are to be worn again. The new sleeve is an old friend, rather full at the top and with the upper part Shirred down the scam. “'hile this sleeve is used almost entirely in the cloth and silk waists, many oftho summer lingerie waists ShOW the elbow length. AN ENJOYAB'LE EVENING. BY MAE Y. MAHAFF‘Y. A unique contest can easily be arrang- ed to occupy an hour or so at some home party or social in an enjoyable manner. The contest is called “Making Pictures,” and although the name. sounds rather childish it will provide a field in which even the grown-ups" cleverness and in- genuity are tested. in almost any magazine suggestions for the pictures may be secured, and these may be cut out and passed, one for each contestant, or for teams com— prised of four or five if the gathering is a. very large one. Or Simply the names of pictures to be made, may be distri- buted, allowing the contestants to call upon their own imagination in working up the pictures. Suitable topics or pic- tures are those having such distinctive features that they may be made up of various smaller pictures or advertise- ments cut from old magazines. For in- stance, “Circus Day" 'may show agroup of tents, wagons, various animals, peo- ple, signs, stands, el‘c. The well-known pointing, “Bubbles,” is frequently seen as an advertisement. By, using the fig— ure of some pretty child, with a lace frill from some lace advertisement, fancy buttons from another, a. pipe from a. to- bacco firm’s notice, a bowl from astoner- ware maker’s, etc, the whole may be very acceptably copied. Other sugges- tive titles are “In the Gloamilig,” “Hay- ing Time,” “At the Railroad Station,” “in the Dining Car,” “The Picnic,” “By the Fireside,” “Hunting with a, Camera,” “\\'hen the Sleigh Bells Jingle,” “Skat- ing,” etc. The hostess should provide plenty of magazines, pictures, and cards for ma- terial, as Well as paste and brushes, scisSors and large sheets of blank paper or cardboard to serve as backgrounds‘or foundations. The work may be done at small tables. or all the contestants-may gather around one large table. Prizes FEB- 22, 1913. may be awarded for the best copy of any picture, proportion, coloring, etc., being taken into consideration. If only topics have been provided give a. first prize for the picture which seems to meet the re— quirements: most satisfactorily, and a. booby prize for the most absurd. Small pictures, a. book of snap-shots, a cut- out, mounted picture from a. comic sup- plement, a small brush with a. card at- tached bearing the following: “To brush the cobwebs from your brain,” a. pencil sharpener, “To sharpen your wits,” or a small pair of sharply pointed scissors. with which "To cut straight next time," or similar articles will provide suitable prizes. ' If desired, additional prizes may be given for guessing the advertisements which enter into the pictures. A major— ity of these would no doubt be familiar to most of the contestants. In carrying out this part of the game the: pictures would of necessity have to change. hands so that no onewould hold the picture they had made. ‘ , In choosing judges it is a. good plan to place folded papers in a hat, allowing each one to take one. At a signal all unfold their papers, and those holding the word “Judge,” are expected to serve in that capacity, their own work being barred from the prize: offers. All the other papers are, of course, blank. Three or five, aCcording to the size of the crowd, should be chosen. HOME QUERIES; Household Editorz——What is the best way [0 crumb chops before frying?— Cook. A nice way is to use the yolks of two eggs? Well beaten, using as much water as you have egg. Brush the chop over with a. brush dipped in the egg, then roll in line! crumbs. You can use the whole egg, but the white gives a tougher crust. Household liditor:——How do you keep caramel?—M. B. After the sugar has melted let it boil until it is quite dark. Then add an equal amount of boiling water and Sim— mcr a couple of minutes. You can keep it in bottles or fruit cans without scal— ing. Household Editorz—llow often Should a six-months-old baby be fed in the night?—Mrs. B. After a baby is six months old if it is fcd' regularly during the day it should not awaken between 10 p. m. and 6:00 a. In. Some babies do not cut between 8:00 in the evening and six in the morn- ing. They must be fed by the clock in the daytime, though, or they will be hungry and demand food at night. AN AID TO MEMORY. BY ELLA E. ROCKWOOD. How many times we find ourselves at a. loss to recall the location of certain articles which we have put away so very carefully that we cannot find them. Some member of the family comes to us and says: “Here is this that I want taken cure of. XVIII you take charge of it?” Or we put away something for ourselves without the slightest intention of forget- ting it and after the, passage of weeks or months, as the case may be, find our- selves wholly unable to find it agnin. It may be of importance to produce the ar- ticle and we look here and there, upset- ting the contents of boxes and drawers in Vain search. Then when the necessity for locating it has passed, when some- thing else hus been made to take the place of it or the search has been drop- ped, we discover it peacefully reposing exactly where we put it and then it all comes back with a flash. Of course, we put it there, but why could We not re- member this when we were searching for it? The answer is, because we did not think what we were doing. I believe this will aid others as it has me in tracing various articles to their hiding places. Make it a rule never to put away a thing which will he. wanted again without doing one of two- things. Either make a. note- of it Some place where it can be looked up in a. moment or impress the circumstance upon the mind clearly and strongly at the time. I‘ have spent hours Searching for a. small article which I knew perfectly well I had put away carelessly. I have gone di- rectly to another article after the lapse of a year. I was able to do this simply because at the time I stripped to think where.I was putting it. I find the back,part of my kitchen recipe book a convenient-place for re-' cording anything which I want particu- W1. 'i- A.“ Janus /, 1/ ,I’ . “'\~..u .w I: ’/,/ THE'M'ICHI'G‘AN FARMERI GENERATIONS The young men and women who are tea day ordering their household goods and farm implements from Montgomery Ward & Com- pany are following in the footsteps of two generations. The proud boast of this institution is that it has served faithfully three generations of careful, saving people. Many a young couple who are ordering their weekly or monthly shipment from Montgomery W'ard & Company have back ofthem the spirit of father and grandfather, approvingly urging them in the path of saving. In 1872 we began the battle to reduce the high cost of living. It was our own private fight forty years ago. It has now become a national issue. Millions have learned the lessons and profited by them. The great catalogue of Montgomery Ward 8: Company this year has reached a pinnacle of perfection undreamed of heretofore. There are bargains on every page. From pins to pianos, from agricultural implements to automobiles, from foods to furniture, and through all the thousandsof articles correctly described in word and picture you will find an array of merchandise unequalled in any other collection in the world. This wonderful book of a thousand pages and ten thou- sand opportunities to save is yours free for the asking. All you need to do is to write a post card or letter today saying “send on the new catalogue" and it will reach you without a penny of cost or a shadow of obligation. Write today. DCDta MONTGOMERY WARD & Co. on. CHICAGO KANSAS CITY FORT WORTH, TEX. 1" 1' ‘7 I; 7/ \ l . /r "I l ,4- /1/////’ i/li///>\\// s: ; g3 //, , F ‘ l . 3‘, W ("i a ///J////,/// Mi; 4 v l l l l WE WILL MAKE YOU -PROSPEROUS If you are honest and ambitions write m m Nomatperwhete‘fiou live or what youroecupatwn. wew' the Refillable bin-meal by mail. up- our Company in our town; in a profitable business of your own, and help yonmnh big money“ once. _Can ”range for spare tuneonly if dull-«L Unusual 0 hr man m to Whirl”..- V gull porno-III" Ir..- m today. I‘m“: 09-91mm“: “AI.“ 00. .1-102' m. Banal-g. Wan-gt... n. 0. $10,000 Backs this portable wood saw. Guaranteed 1 year—money refunded and freight paid both ways 1 $017. You can easily earn 810 a day with a BERTZLER & 200K "we: ~Saw lltllng orpltcn lug. Saves you work and light- ens draft nearly 50%. Don’t rut fields ’ or roads. We also furnish unmanne- uwlng all kinds of nelsbbora' lum- ber. Strictly factory prices—save . Jobbe'r’l profits. Operate- easily. Stick Illa low—cow drawn ll. on im- mediately machine slam. Only 810 In! to which tipping tableau: be Added. eru (or catalogue, mm & 100K (30-. In! 23, Icllcvlllc. PI. wagon. Wheels «3311‘: ~. , dry out or rot. Send for book of tact: and proofs. Bloch-Io Who-I 00.. Farmer or Farmers m «sewage 3°" “0‘: “1:. made xuo‘gwcck. and-Irm- nan-ad want-man in your County. Writem “ml-hung; .3. Column": ,.;, . Guard in the same way, the Bell Tele- phone in your home and office is always on guard. Always on No matter where a ship may be along the American coast; no mat- ter how dark, or cold,- or stormy the night, the coast guard is on watch, patrolling the nearest beach or rocky cliffs. By itself, it is only an ingenious instrument; but as a vital unit in the Bell System, which links to- gether seven million other tele- phones in. all parts of this country, that single telephone instrument becomes a power to help you at any moment of any hour, day or night. It costs unwearying effort and millions Of dollars to keep the Bell System always on guard, but this is the only kind of service that can adequately take care Of the social and commercial needs of all the people Of a Nation. This man, always on guard, could, by his own unsupported ef- forts, do little to save life, or to guide ships away from perilous points. Asa unit in an efficient system and able, at a moment’s notice, to command the service of his nearby station, he becomes a power to whom all ship owners and passen- gers are indebted. AMERICAN TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH COMPANY AND ASSOCIATED COMPANIES Every Bell Telephone is the Center of the System FREE 3 This magnificent silverware is of warranted quality and made by the celebrated house of Wm. Rogers 00. You can get an thing you want in silver abso- lutely Without cost. rite quick for illustrated Circular from which to make your selection. From Forest to Factory 2: "is »— . Direct to You $6.75“ . . c I) the direct and entire benefit. Not one mid e- men gets a profit. You buy of us st Prices Lower Than Dealer's or Mail Order Houses Can Buy For Just look It the prices of the 2 lrticles illus- * trated and remember , see are oods / of cod go enda- le uni ty. If You Answer This Advertisement Drop us aline right now for our Bargain Book and circular from which to‘choose your free silver- ware. Don't give yourself a chance to forget! 30 Days’ FREE Trial— ‘7// X. ///// \A ' . Wi/ / \‘1. , I ‘ E \///// . C. O. D. if Desired—“133$;-you order of this great house must absolutely satisfy. \ We guarantee satisfaction. Send cash with order or one— fourth With order, balance 0. 0. D. Keep the goods 80 ~"’ ' da s. Use them. enjoy them, test them. Ifdyou aren’t 1 lul y glossed, return and we’ll refund all you’ve pni and trans- ports ‘on charges both ways“ Alread we ave 1.000.000 satisfied 4 customers. You’ll like the Lincoln. onard prices. merchandise and silver. in! us your name today. Write us right now. LINCOLN, LEONARD 8: COMPANY l05887th St. (,4, Ann. ILL. Largest exclusive distributors of Home Furnishings in the world CHIC TH E: MIC H ‘1 GA N' FAR-M E'R larly to remember. Jotted down in a few words this often is a welcome ref- erence of facts and figures. The book never becomes mislaid, as might occur with another or with a, loose sheet!, In every family there should be a safe place for preserving papers of 'im- portance and all such documents should be kept there. For deeds, tax receipts, and other papers most necessary to pre- serve from harm many hire a, safety de- posit box at their bank. >But there are receipts of a minor nature which if at hand often save the annoyance and loss entailed by twice paying a bill. If you have such a paper in your possession you are secure against any mistake which might result in the bill being presented a. second time. for payment. It should be the rule in every family to preserve all receipts for at least one year. Where payment is made by check this becomes unnecessary as the returned check is a receipt for the sum specified. THE COUNTRY SEEMS PRETTY GOOD TO ME. BY ,Mas. SELMA NEW. At different times I have visited with friends and relatives in, some of our large cities and I have learned much about the mode of living of many in the large cities. I have thought a great deal about it for some time, and this winter on my Scents ‘ To advertise our business, make new friends and introduce our great cata- ': r logue of Elgin watches we will send this elegant watch .“° any address by mail postpaid for Only 98 cents. Regular gentlemen I use, open face, full engraved, high grade gold plate finish, Arabic or Roman dial, lover el- capemant, stein wind and stem set, a marvelously correct timekeeper and fully Guaranteed for I Years. Send this advertisement to us with your name and address and 98 cents and watch will be sent by return mail post- psld. Satisfaction guaranteed or money refunded. Remember, 98 cents is posi- tively all you have to pay for this wonderful watch. Send 98 cents today, Address R. E. CHALMERS 6L CO. 5388mDeax-born5t. CHICAGO ,‘.Whlen Writing to Advertisers please mention the Michigan Farmer. ‘return from a visit, something seemed to Ilsay to me to write a? bit of encourage- lmcnt to readers of the Michigan Farmer i—the wives who some-limes get discour- [aged with life on the farm. l First, let me say that, as a rule, I lthink the city people are good entertain- lors, doing their best to have us have a. lgcod lime and to see many of the inter- Itesting sights. I But with all my pleasant trips sight- .‘sccing, shopping, (310.. it is so i‘cstfu’l to me to get back to the country where it is quiet; The ceaseless noise Of the city is tiresome to me. There, when you wont to go anywhere, you have a long ride on the street car. usually having to transfer, always mingling with a large :crowd. everyone as anxious as you to Egct some-whcvrc. and maybe you will get l the trimming on your llfll‘ singed by some man‘s cigar in a crowd, as I did. ”[‘is true that our city friends have an ladvantage over us in buying at the large Stores and if not too hasty in buying at the earliest, but wait' awhile they can buy suits, dry goods and many things at a largo reduction during the special sales. 5 They have endless ways of amusement fmost of which are costly, counting car lfarcs and all. Most peoplc on moderate 1salarics arc living in homes, mostly rent- ed, where they have all the modern con- veniences. Thcy s-pcnd in dress for themselves and children far beyond what they can afford if they have any idea for Hitting aside funds for a home of their own. There is so much false pride. so llinuch strife to keep up appearances, {practically living up their salaries as fast {as earned. thinking not. much about the [future when they might ‘lose their posi- ‘(ions or in some unfortunate way be- come incapacitated. As I happen to know how some in the citics spcnd so much on expensive clothes for small children, I often wonder if they cxpcct they can keep up the pace when the children are gi own up, and lay aside for future. So I am glad that most of us on the farms were brought up in a different way. Am glad that on the farm our moncy docs not come in stated amounts at certain times, and that over before the most of us is the thought that if we Wish {1 home of our own, which most of us fill‘lnCl‘S arc striving for, we must ever be watchful and careful, always laying aside some for ”10 future. Then when we have a good farm of our own, well stocked and fitted with modern con- vcnicncc-s at both house and barn, we can live independently and nicely. To the young farmer and his wife let me say, don't. try to keep up with your l l l city friends and relatives in fads and dress, but keep up with them or excel them intellectually. For. with the rural delivery and public libraries we do not need to be without good reading matter, nor fail to keep up with the current events of the day. IVe‘ can dress neatly and keep our clothes cleaned and pressed as well as they. Something else let me tell you which I enjoy on my return home, is the nice cream for coffee and cooking, the fresh sweet butter, the eggs, the good fruit: and vegetables. Now, sister farmer’s wife, when you get discouragedt’during year, work and.be patient. In the sum- mer afternoons take your sewing or your the rush of work at certain times" of the FEB. 22, 1913. reading out under that nice big shade tree and think of some of your blessings while some of your friends in the. cities are sitting in those hot flats which seem so comfortable in winter to you. NOW they would be delighted to be out in that nice- breeze: with you. Then when your family is about you each evening think of many homes in the: cities where the men are out with the "boys” and wife is left home with the children. There- are cares in the city where it' is impossible for the father to see, much of his. children fo°r when he lives a long way from his work he has to get up so early in the morning that the children are not up. Then, when his day's work is done and the long ride home and the dinner over, the chi'ldren are tired and must go to bed, so have but little time with father. In endless ways I have compared city and country life and could say much more, but will end by saying, keep up courage and quietly count your blessings. Country life looks pretty good to me. GROWING SWEET PEAS. Household Editorz—I saw in the last issue of The Farmer, what one farmer’s wife had written about the growth and culture of sweet peas. I think it is the easiest of all flowers to grow and the favorite in general. I think the garden is best of all places to raise them, and nearly everyone who has a. garden will find room for a. row of peas. The ground should be well manured, as for onions and radishes After itvis raked untill any loose dirt is off. make two drills about six or eight inches apart and sow peas quite thick. as all seed does not grow. I have tried the: trench but find sowing them as other seed, and covering well. is better than the deep trench, on account of the hard spring rains washing tho soil into the trench and making it hard and many times covering the. vines. The plants should be ihi'ee or four inches high before the support is put up and this gives a. chance to pull out all weeds that have started and to work the soil gciitlyvai‘ound the plants. A good way to support. is to put old broom handles at ‘cach end of the rows, and one or two between, and string cord or carpet warp from one to the other. As the vines grow put on more rows of cord. The best sweet peas to raise are the Spencer type. They have much larger flowers and longer stems and generally two and three, and often four. blossoms on a single stem, which makes them niccr for cutting. I think east and west the best way to plant. them is they do not need the hot sun all the time and this gives them a chance. to have the roots shaded part of the day and will kocp them from turning yellow. The flowers should be picked every day or rather cut, being very careful not to split the vine: or cut the joint where another bud will start. Mrs. \‘i‘. K. WHEN NEEDLESS WORRY CALLS. BY HOWARD KEoLEY. I'pon an average, once It week, comes Needless \Vori‘y. He wears :1 countenance forlorn; his ton- gue is always furry. ille says: “I thought that I‘d drop in to shake your hand and tell you That I just heard about the great mis— fortunc that befell you. The whole blamed world is going wrong; there's little room to doubt it. I’m more disgiISted with it every time I think about it. along “Old man," says he, “the price of eggs has raised beyond all] reason. And buttor costs full twice as much as we should pay this season. (‘i'ops everywhere are on the bum, and we must pay high prices For everything, from prunes and plums to pumpkins. spuds and spices. llouse i‘cninls have been double-d twice in just 21 little while, And clover huy for cow costs an awful pile. feed this year “The railroad rates have all gone up, and in the sky thcy‘i'c sailing. times are here. Most all of our big banks down cast are failing; The lumbermen have raised the price of shingles, lath and flooring, And the sun has ceased to shine. Look out and sec the ruin that’s pouring. The government has gone to pot, “'hat are our statesmen doing? I think a long and bloody war with Old Japan is brewing!”. ll ard I—Ie passes me a lot of most unpleasant thoughts and hunches: He hands me mental sandburs and ca- lamity in bunches: But I don’t heed his idle talk. I know ‘ the, sun is shining Somewhere today, and every dark cloud , 'has‘a‘ silver lining, So at" that point I always turn and say ' to Needless Worry: “\Voll. here’s your hat and overcoat, old man, but what’s your hurry?” FEB. 22," ' 1918. ‘=====.._. (Continued from page 230). Some of the other recommendations are good and there is a very general impres- sion that the deliberations of this asso— ciation were better directed at this meet- ing than at the first meeting of the or- ganization held in Detroit last fall. There is undoubtedly an opportunity for val- uable work by an organization of this kind, but it would not appear that its work can be made of the greatest possi- ble value until the suspicions which now seem to exist among some of the farmer delegates who haVe participated in its de- liberations that there is a sinister ob- ject in view are dissipated, THE SINGLE TAX. I blame been unable to get satisfactory information on the subject of “single tax,” and would be very glad to have you give a good analysis of it through the columns of the Michigan Farmer. I wish to say that I appreciate your paper very much. Mecosta Co. SUBSCRIBER. Readers of taxation literature are fa- miliar with the fact that there has al- ways been in many countries more or lesg agitation for a single tax. This agi- tation has arisen in some instances through disgust with the confusion which is caused by the use of several taxes— al'l falling upon the same persons—4w is the practice in most countries at the present time. In France, for example, the “Impost Unique” was proposed more than a hundred years ago as a single tax upon land, the requirements of justice in the distribution of the tax burden being met by the expectation that thOugh the land oWner in the first instance paid all of this tax he would be reuuited for his outlay through the larger prices he could charge for his products. The incitement of the modern single tax agitation comes from a wholly dif- ferent source and has its foundation in the desire to correct the evils of a per- nicious source of income rather than to simplify taxation. The modern agitation is identified with the efforts of Henry George, so that a statement of the be- liefs of this great agitator makes a pre- sentatIOn of the present day single tax theory. Henry George in the late seventies com- menced to teach that all such value of land, whetlher city or rural, as had re- sulted from natural advantageousness of the land in fertility or location, was properly seizable by goVernment through taxation. This was so because these natural advantageousnesses were not properly the product of anyone‘s labor but had come about wholly through the bounty of Providence or through the growth in numbers of population. or through both. The chance owner of a piece of land which appreciated in value in this way receives as a result of this appreciation an “unearned income." and it was the manifest unjustness of the getting of something for nothing after this fashion which prompted Henry George to suggest a tax which should take away all this value. Through the fact that George claimed that an impost of this sort would furnish all the revenue required by goVernments, and consequently no other taxes would be levied. the scheme became known as the “single tax" scheme. A Mr. C. A. Fillibrown. of Bos- ton, Mass., is the present stct‘etary of the “Single Tax League" of America. and furnishes all applicants with valua- ble information upon the subject. M. A. C. \V. O. HEDRICK. HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK. National. A strike prevails at Akron. Ohio, where rubber workers, dissatisfied with working conditions and wage agreements. have walked out. No riotious demonstrations have occurred although trouble is antici- pated. _ The institution started at Indianapohs some time ago and having for its object the care of children of mothers who are compelled to work, is meeting with fa- vor. The nurses are now llooking after 28 children daily: The electorate of Kalamazoo will vote upon the adoption of a new charter at the coming election. There is little abatement in the activ- ity of the government against concerns, mergers and other combinations devised to, or are instrumental in, restraining trade. Last week an average of one new suit was stated for each day and several prosecutions were brought to an end by the “towing trust” of the Great Lakes being ordered dissolved, verdicts of guilty being returned against the cash register and “bath tub” trusts. and James A. Patten pleading guilty to one count of the “cotton corner” indictment. Reports that American citizens and other foreigners have been fired upon and their property destroyed during the present Mexican trouble have urged this government to make preparations for in- tervention in case matters go beyond reasonable centrol. Marines have been ordered to points in Uhe West Indies to be in readiness for moving to Mexican soil upon a moment's notice. The trans- port Meade is now at Philadelphia taking on 1,200 marines to which number will be added 800 more at Norfolk, from whence they will be taken to Guanta- namo where they will await further or— ders. It is thought that this movement of troops may have a wholesome influ- ence upon the warring parties in Mexi- co since they are fearful that matters may work out differently than they wish should the United States intervene. The supervisors of the silate wtent on rec- ord recently as favoring compulsory free text books. The association recommend- ed the legislature amend the mortgage tax law so that all money from these levies will go to the county entirely in- stead of to the state, asked the defeat of the bill providing for appointment of a probation officer in each county, and ask- ed that the legislature provide for meas- ures to insure trunk highways. A report of the revenue cutter service indicates the protection afforded life and property by the government fleet of coast patrol amounted to a total of 260 dis- tressed vessels assisted during the past year and their passengers totalling 2,212 persons rescued from danger which, in many cases threatened death. One hun- dred and six persons were actually saved from drowning. Vessels, cargoes and derelicts saved by the revenue cutter ser- vice during the year 1912 were valued at $10,711,748, besides 45 derelicts and other dangerous obstructions to navigation were removed or destroyed. The railroads included in the merger known as the Harriman lines have reach- ed an agreement for dissolution in obedi- ence to a decision of the United States Supreme Court in an action by the gov- ernment against the merger. It is an- nounced by the Attorney-General that the proposed division of the lines will bring about a healthy competitive condition in traffic between the trans-continental rail- Ways. Secretary of War Stimpson has pub- lished an order for the administrative, organization and geographic adjustment of the United States army on a tactical base, the order becoming effective Feb- ruary 15. Under the new plan there will be three army divisions and one cavalry division within the territorial limits of the United States. The divisions will be located in what will be known as the eastern, central, southern and western departments with headquarters at New York, Chicago, San Antonio and San Francisco reSpectively. The San Antonio headquarters will be used by the cavalry division. Heretofore there has been no army organization larger than a regiment. As soon as the new organization is com- pleted the three infantry divisions will consist of two or three brigades with the proper proportion of divisional artillery, cavalry, engineers and other auxiliary troops. What promises to be one of the great- est ore discoveries is the location of an iron drift in southern \Vim-onsin. It is calculated that the ore extends under three counties and is believed to be 60 miles long and 40 miles wide. Assays show the ore to contain from 54 to 60 per cent, metallic iron. “'hlle the upper portion of the field is non-Bessemer, it is expected it will develop Bessemer quali- ties at a lower depth. The Ohio railway commission is forcing certain roads in that state to give the public bctter service. Orders were is— sued recently compelling the Columbus. New Albany & Johnstown Interurban line to add two more passenger cars within the next 90 days. Foreign. After being lost for three months in Antarctic waters an Austialian expedition of 50 men has been located by wireless The party had sailed to complete a geo- graphical and magnetic survey between Cape Adare and Guassburg, a distance of 2,000 miles. Mexic:1n rebels secured a rich booty when they succeeded in robbing an ex- press train carrying gold and bills to Mexico City from Monterey. The rob- bers secured $700,000 The three laige railway systems of Canada have just announced extensive plans for new trackage, largely in the prairie states In all, the new lines will meaSure 2.000 miles and involve a total expenditure for tracks and other im- provements of $41, 000.000. After nine days of war in Mexico City there is little change apparent in the positions of the federal and rebel forces, although it seems to be the general be- lief from the meager reports that are gotlen past the strict censorship of the government, that the rebels are advanc- ing and gaining strength in that many who were neutral and others who follow- ed the government have, upon the show- ing of strength by Diaz and his follow- ers, joined the rebel rankS. Unconfirmed accounts state that the rebels have ad- vanced their lines beyond those occupied on February 9, and that Diaz now occu- pies the presidential palace where the fighting first began. The federals hope to starve the rebels into submission by holding them prisoners in the arsenal. The border town of Matamoras was tak- en by rebel forces last Monday morning. in spite of the protest of Madero in a communication to President Taft that all outbide of the Mexican capital is quiet and also in face of neWS to the effect that the whole country is awaiting the result of the present battle before decid- ing“ which side they will choose to sup- por ' Because of the reports spread among the Moros of the Island of Mindanano of the Philippine group that this country is about to tax the peeple for the purpose TH 1+:~ M '1 c H‘I G’A'N. F A'R M BR of obliterating the Mohammedan religion from' the’island, a serious situation has arisen, and President Taft has sent an envoy to consult with the Sultan of Tur— key who as the head of the Mohamme- dan church, is in a position ”to counteract the false reports that an uprising may be avoided. Inasmuch as the arrangements will continue over into the coming ad- ministration President-elect Wilson has expressed himself as in full accord with the arrangements that no time may be lost in correcting the reports and paci- fying the minds of the natives. THE LEGISLATURE. With the advent) of the seventh week of the legislative session, many proposi- tions of importance were up before the two houses of legislation for consid- eration. The week was badly broken up. however, due to the holding of two state conventions which many members of both HouSels desired to attend and to the death of Representative Greusel, of Detroit, on account of which both houses adjourned one day out of respect for the deceased member. During the week the Senate passed on third reading six bills amending the state banking laws, all of which had their ori- gin in the state banking department. Several bills were also passed amending the general primary election law in un- important respects, one of which provided for the selection of members of the state central committees of different political parties. None of these bills has as yet been considered by the House. The House passed several bills which have not yet reached the Senate for consideration, among them a bill having for its purpose the reduction of the fu- ture number of detectives and criminals, and another authorizing the- investment by the state of the funds that accumu— late to pay awards under the employ- ers’ liability act, where such monies are paid to the state by employers to meet awards adjudged against them. During recent weeks there has been considerable discussion in both houses and by the members of all parties with regard to the taking of stenographlc notes of the proceedings of both houses in order that the legislative debates may be preserved and published. A resolu- tion providing for such a report was pre- viously intioduced in the [louse and ta- bled, and by a majority vote the House refused to take it fiom the table upOn motion, it being agreed by .1 majority of both prominent: parties that there is not sufficient public sentiment for such a report to warrant, the expense involved. The total number of bills introduced up to the close of the seventh week ag- gregated 600. Among the important bills introduced during the week was one de- signed to abolish the office of State Land Commissioner and invest the present du- ties of that office in the Public Domain Commission. Among the important bills which have already been passed by both houses and signed by the Governor is a, bill abolishing the office of State Salt In- spector which will take effect 90 days after the adjournment of Legislature. A number of matters of minor import- ance have been considered and many important matters have been taken up in commiutees, so that from this time for- ward the work of the legislative session will be more strenuous and the results of the deliberations of the two houses will he more apparent as final action is taken upon many of the propositions presented. MICHIGAN EXPERIMENT ASSOCIA- TION. The Michigan Experiment Association will hold its second annual meeting at the Michigan Agricultural College, East Lansing. Mlch., February 26-27-28. The chief objects of this association are the testing of improved varieties of farm crops in comparison with the home- va- rieties and the production of an adequate su pply of seed of better adapted sorts to meet the demands of the state and the co- operation of farmers in the study of the various local (:lOp problems. The program will consist mainly of re- ports of experiments conducted in 1912. with surh business matters as may come before the association The secrcary re- ports considerable.- interest in the work of the association, some of. the most progressive young farmers of the state having affiliated themselves with the work of the association. THE ROUND-UP INSTITUTE. The program of the State Round- Up Instit te, to be held at the Agricultural Colle , East Lansing, on Februaiy 25- 28, inclusive, is replete with interesting subjects which will be dis-cussed by speakers of wide reputation as authori- ties along their several lines The first meeting is on Tuesday afternoon the topics for the lectures being “Theory and Practice of Land Drainage " "The Good Roads Movement in Michigan,” and “POWer on the Farm." Tuesday even- ing the M. A. C. Farmers’ Club will hold a session, the program consisting of a symposium upon Michigan, her re- sources and opportunities for agricultural development. On each of the succeeding three mornings demonstrations will be given in live stock husbandry, horticul- tural practices and poultry management. The morning programs will] consist of lectures on technical agricultural topics some of them by members of tlhe college faculty and others by outside speakers, including Prof. Williams, of Ohio Prof. Davenport, of Illinois, and Prof. Hunzi- ker, of Indiana. The afternoon sessions will be more general in their educational character with speakers on practical ag—i ricultural topics who have made a suc- cess along their several lines in different (Continued on page 251). Easy Pumping Have you had to dmidd on the wind for pumping water? edwm is uncer- tain—the right way is with a l;- h. p. Rumer-Olds Engine You IIgctyour water atIow cost. you save alolof Woodwork-you'll have an engine theatwifldoyoulmpinain a short time and berudifolceuenI Ioervicetherutof thcdty. Tomaepuupinanoiobucll, hitchthu enginetoa Rumely Pump Jack all your pumping troubIeI go. You have I red outfit at a very slight cost. umer- Engine. are strong and simpIe —Rumer Bump Inch are right, too Thin the combantion over—lee if it ouldn' t w The it” °."o° 3'1: .3. Engine wm handle a Bob—we have them In all uzes, station- ary, 3 men or portable—so we re sure to meet your requirements, and. we have proper pumping outfit for each size. W rile for the Old: Engine Dela—Book No.13 344, and (he apecialfolder on RumcluP ump Jacks-ask name of our mam! dealer. ‘ RUMELY PROD UCTS CO. (Incorporated) . Power-F arming M Battle Creek, Mich. 55: Home Office: LaPorte .Ind. Decorate Your Home HISTORIC PLATES Famous Royal Doulton (English) China. Each Plate represents an historic American subject—clear and perfect reproduction, in Old Blue and White, heavy glaze, guaran- tced fast color. Handsome decoration for China Closet or Plate Rail. Practical for table use. 10 inches. Six Interesting Subljects. George Washington. Capitol. Martha Washington. White House. Mount Vernon. Congressional Library. 601: $1. 0 $3 .00 for one. for any three. for all six. Sent anywhere, prepaid. Remit “by Registered Mail, Postal, or Express Order, to Dept. A W'ASIIINGTON IMPORT 00., 607 Penn. Ave" “'ashinzton. D. C. Money refunded if not satisfactory. Administrator’s PUBLIB SALE of Valuable Farm Properly. two miles northwest of Romeo in 240-!‘61’8 Farm sections 2'] and 28 of Bruce town- ship. Macomb County. Michigan, bolon mg to the estate of Wm. .Brabh. vull be sold on t. a premises in parcels or can .1; whole on SATURDAY, MARCH 15. at. 2 p. m. Abstract of title can be seen at. the Romeo Savings Ban HEVANU Administrator, Romeo, Mich. ARMS IN SUNNY SOUTH MEMPHIS DISTRICT Country of two to four crops yearly. Most fertile lands in the world at lowest prices. Every day outdoor weather. Fine local markets. Within 30 hours of 30cities. Diversified crops. Live stock. Big profits. Good schools, roads, water, neighbors and health. We have no lands for sale. but, to build up Memphis District we will help you get: best land without, charge. Write for our FREE Booklet. JOHN M. TUTHER, Secretary, 85151114335 Men' 5 Club, Memphis, Tenn. ept WANTED-A First class Married Ilan to work on general farm of 200 acres, to begin April 1. State age. experience. references. size of family in first letter mam 131105., Howell, Mich. You's "l—Would you accept and wear a fine tailor mado'sult just for showing it to your friends? Or a 811 -on Raincoat Free? Could you use is a day for ”a libite eaters time? Perhaps we can offer you a stand its at once and get beautiful cam les. styles and this wonderful of! or. BA NER TAILORING COMPANY, Dept 19401110330. LEARN AUCTIONEERING “mmv‘v‘lie dent toda for free catalo l W l’ n J0 NATL 0113814; ° °' 'Ioiv°m°"°'tmso°h%‘s’il Washington Blvdf,In Chicago? Ill. Carey M. Jones. Pres. to orone of remaini free of 3E.” PosI‘L' "Whenl‘nrmingilfiolinh. “37.113111. formation Bureau.” Fort Deuborn 81415.. Chicago. “WWW” positiornf opay big money. Get U. 8. Civil ServicoSeo Secret-stun Jig:r I I by for?" 67. Patterson own Service sch'igtmiionmw. N. r. AGENTS WANTED—Farmers Director Account Book. Ex- clusive homo territory Buy u , big inducements. Particular: Pros. Write NAYLOI 981 Fort Wayne, Indium. £1" ”fig-<4 SPRAY ERS Yv “use No money In advance—no bank deposit. We e gelatin Five year Goal-an llnrst Potato and orchard Sprayers ouble our craps—sore anything—trees, potatoes. gineyarzi, truck. etc. H gh pressure, cyclone agita- tion easyto operate. Brass valves plunger.cyllnder, strainer. etc. Light. strong and durable. Home Power Sprayer—wind“ automatically in to first buyer in I each locality. Be first—save money —wrlte today. mamas-me 00. Bdfiflorthst.,0sn -- 0. THE MODERN GARDEN with its long, narrow rows that re uire thor- ough and constant workmg,M UST ave tools that are easy to adjust and operate: that sow, and . cultivate perfectly. Many farmers who have steam eat and a telepho: e are still using old~fashioned tools. Do YOU use a hand hoe? Seed llrllls and Wheel Hoes save halftime. make bigger and better crops. ‘ The view shows one of 38 combinations irom $2.50 to 1 ’1100—0111' No. 6 Combined will sow in continuous rows or in hills, cultivate, weed, hoe, ridge, open furrows, etc. Parts changed quickly. Can pur- chase in simplest form and add to as needed. Ask our dealer to show these tools and write us or new booklet. “Gardening With Mod- ern Tools." We make full line ofpotato machines,sprayers tor all purposes.etc. Bateman M't’g 00. Box Grenlocn,“ J. WORK ID DAY m; y rchardlhsl TAHL SPRAYERS We will ship you any Barrel Sig-lay- ing Outfit in our catalog for a or- ough Ten-Days’ FREE Test. or New Catalog 7TH E M I‘CIH-I G jlioses, Plants, Seeds, Bulbs. Vines. Shrubs. stc-. by mail, ost- paid.‘ Sa 6 ar- rival and satis- faction guar- a n t o e d. , 5 9 years of fair dealing. Hun- dreds of car- loads of Fruit . a n d 0 r n a- , mental Trees. 1.200 acres. 60 in hardy roses—none better grown. 47 greenhouses of Palms, Ferns. Begonias. Gera- niums. etc. Immense stock of Superb Cannes. the queen of bedding plants. Lar e assortment of hardy Perennial lants, which eat for years. nos-Page Catalos FREE. Send tor It Today. The Siam. a liarrlson 60., Box 46, Palnesvllle,0hlo. 3 BEST III THE WORLD » Prices Below All Others I will give a lot of new sorts free with every order I , fill. Buy and test. Return if . _ not 0. K.—money refunded. , Big Catalog FREE Over 700 illustrations of vege- tables and flowers. Send yours - ' . and your neighbors‘ addresses. R. H. SHUMWAY Rockford, Illinois. MICHIGAN VAR lETlES Grown for Michigan’s Soil and Climate. We offer stock of superior 'quaiity, every tree true to name and guaranteed to reach purchaser in iresh. live condition. Young Fruit Trees, Berry Plants, Roses, Shrubs and Evergreens are fully described in our latest. catalog. It. is free to anyone who expects to plant nursery stock in the spring. Address: The Michigan Nursery Company, Winkworth 6: Sons. Monroe, Michigan. SlrawherryPlanlsotBeslufili-ll in any quantity, 'nlso Raspberrieszlnckberrles. Gooseberrtes. Currants. Grape Vines, etc. We grow and sell all kinds of small fruit plants. Send for our catalog; it will save and make you money. Bridgman Nursery 00., Ilox‘ 8, Bridgman, Mich. BIG srrn' BOOK FREE Just out. Contains 92 pages of valuable and useful information with -S'peclal ree Trial Offer Dir-2c -from-hctory-ro-farm Selling plan . saves you fully 405. _If not greatest bargain you ever saw, return it—tes costs nothing. Won‘tahl Sprayer-miss 328 Qtlloey. Ill. —is a record breaker-bred to suit conditions in the Corn Belt. Positively the largest berrletl and heaviest yielding oat Strongest straw—thinnest bull and matures 10 to 14 days earlier than any other. white and wonderfully rich in protein and oils. Send 25c for half pound Sample and Coupon ootl tor ‘25c worth of our pedigreed seeds. artons ‘Book of the Fam’ tree on request. GAR'I’ON-COOPIR seen co. as First strut SUGAR onov: ILI... l 20 BUSHELSACR TO‘THE FRU _ ATALOG Fully describes the products of our 1100 acre nursery, fruit and seed " farm. Over 25 years experience in growing heaviest bearing strains of ‘ ‘ x strawberries rupberries,currants,goose~ ’ C". berries blachborries dewborrics, grapes . j; and all kinds of tru t trees and shrubs. ‘ , Also seed potatoes, rhubarb, horseradish, . note. Sendnamesandsddrsssesofblrult _ growers and got flns current bush free. Catalog free. ‘ . N. SOABFF New Csrllsl 8c Each Cherry 140 Plum 15c, Catalpn Bpeeiosa Seedlings, 8 to l2ln.$ 1.76 per 1000 These are a few examples of the rock-bottom prices quoted in my new l913 Catalog. Lists all kinds of nursery stock such as Vegetable, Flower, Grass and Farm Seed. Alfalfa, Clover, Field Grass Seed. Seed Potatoes, Corn and Grain, Fruit and Forest Trees, Small Fruits and Flowering Shrubs. Freight prepaid on $10 tree orders. We have no agents. Send for Catalog today. German Nurseries and Seed House. Box 115 . Beatrice. Nebr. 0n $1 worth and up. Strawberry, Raspberry, Blackberry. Bush Plants. Grape Vines, and Garden Roots. Extra heavy rooted. high grade stock. No better plants can be grown. Everything fully guaranteed. Catalog tree. A W ' it guarantee! is good mwnnnr ruins ................. 1000 and up. Catalog FREE. ALLEN BROS ., P aw Paw, Mich. PURE FIELD SEEDS Olav i th . Ll lk Alfalfa and all kinds of Pureerh‘iglllnhezds tip?“ from T3??? sign of; - tree In no: one weeds. "”3. HOYT. 6': 60.. Postorla. 0 lo. 500,000 TREES, APPLE, PEACH, ETC. @‘EPKTRi‘Ei’é’T‘t {Bil} 2.55:” 01110. Mention the Michigan Farmer when writing to advertisers. prices on implements and ALL KINDS OF SEEDS. including Aleike, Alfalfa, Crimson, White, Red and Sweet Clover: Timothy, Grass and Field Seeds, Bar- ley, Seed Oats, Seed Corn. und'. a complete line of Vegetable and Garden Seeds. Simply send your name and address on a postal to THE HENRY PHILIPPS SEED 8: IM- PLEMENT 00., Dept. 0, Toledo, Ohio WEEDLESS FIELD SEEDS Are what we are trying harder than ever to furnish our customers. FREE SAMPLES will show that we come pretty near doing it. In many varieties we DO IT. lied Mammoth, Alsike, Alfalfa, Timothy, Orchard Grass. Sweet Glover and all others: seed of any kind to sell. send samples and price. Write today. 0. M. SCOTT & SON. 56 Main Street. Marywille. Ohio. EACH and APPLE TREES 2c and up. Pear. Cherr . Strawberry. etc.—Catalo Free. TENN. NURS BY 00, Box 155. Clevelan .Tenn. SPORlCll) gnfmfigggpggzr SMUT SPORICIDB CHEMICA co.. At lanta.N.Y. F WE CAN'T SAVE YOU MONEY. don’t buy but; send for our Catalogue and see. Apple Trees 80. Peach Be, Cherry 80. Pear 150 and up. All kinds of Shade Trees, Berry plants. Roses Privet, etc. An Oran e or Lemon I{dents that bear free with order. E NBT NURSE IES, Box 2. Moscow. Ohio. —ALL KINDS T d l t APPLE TREES Prices reasoned??? 31.3.3.1; wanted. MITCHELL’S NURSERY. Beverly,0. FOR SALE. Common Red Clover Seed. true to name. Green Mountain Potatoes. great blight registers. Black Victor Oats. a great. fecdrn oat. lWlng’s White Ca Corn. thoroug ly acclimated. fire-dried. COLON . LILLIE, Coopersvllle. Mich STRAWBERRY PLANTS THAT GROW All Standard Varieties. Also RASPBERRY. BLACK ~ ERRY. CURRANT and GRAPE Plants and ASPARAGUS Roots in ASSORTMENT. WARRANTED TRUE-TO-NAME. and of GRADE represented, Catalogue with Cultural instructions Free c. E. WHITTEN. BOX ‘4, BRIDGMAN. MICHIGAN. 'Isiserow. nightmares murals ' l N G CHERRIES 4c. nuns ac. APPLES so. ‘ Write at once for our Free bulletin. is . gold mine of information about buying. planting and growing trees. KING BIOS- NURSERIES 9 Oak St.. Dansvllle. N. Y. T C rm; \ Farm Seeds 02:2; I 8513.5; Medium. Mammoth and Alsike "litre-I " ‘15-. .m- - ______ I Clover. Timothy, Grasses. Beans. etc. - :e.’ o. c. SHEPARD co..9 M Ave.,fledlna. o. The Berlin Quart Our Specialty. A WHITE package which insures highest prices for your fruit. Write for 19l3 catalog show- ing our complete line. and secure your BASKETS. CRATES, etc. at WINTER DISCOUNTS Tilt IEBUI FRUIT IOX 80.. Berlin lislgllls. Ohio. _ 1 . Strawberry Plants E.l§:‘:l‘i§€.“..$’ “2° A N: F A R M Eff-ii; " , DIRECTIONS FOR PRUNING. The Peach. There is no trimming that gives the proficient prunerr so much pleasure as pruning the peach, nor is there anything that will show the results of good or bad pruning as quickly as the peach tree will. The peach bears its fruit on year-old wood. It is a very prolific producer of fruit buds and grows new wood, where the fruit buds will form, quite abund- antly. This habit of growth makes quite severe pruning an essenitai in successful peach growing. Left to its natural ten- dencies the tree! would bear large quanti- ties of small fruit on the top and outer parts of the tree; the inner parts would be full of dead and dying limbs. Lack of courage may be a cause of failure in pruning the peach. Probably about three-fourths of the new growth should be removed entirely. The laterals FEB. 22, 1913. flllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllIll“lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll.’llIlllllllllllllllllll”llllllllllllllllllllllllIIIHHHUIHHIHHIHllllllllllllllllE Horticulture. fimnmmnmmunmmuunumnImmunlnuunuIn'mumlmmImuunmmIInnInIIIlrmnIIIminmumuunummmnnIrulI:IlInnu1mIIImIunmmnInIiIIIummnmuuummunmmnmmfi lllllllllllll a. strong rich soil. Too much pruning of young trees will tend to check early pro- duction. Cross, limbs should be kept out at all times, and also anything that would tend to form a bad crotch. The head should be kept moderately open and the fruiting wood well: distributed throughout the tree. A moderately spreading tree is the best and the natural tendency of any variety, if it be 100 upright or too spreading, can be corrected to the ideal type to a, great extent by pruning. Va- rieties of long willowy growth can be made more stocky by heading in. Varie- ties that .tend to overbear- should be pruned quite heavily during the dormant season. Those that blossom heavily but do not bear fruit should receive the same treatment unless lack of bearing is due to improper pollenization. Varieties that refuse to develop fruit buds. should not be pruned heavily during the dormant season at least. Summer pruning may The Grape Vine Pictured A the building and yields must be thoroughly thinned out and all growths that are Weak or 'nterfere with others should also be out. It is often advisable to cut the: new leaders out en- tirely. This will check the upward growth of the tree and will tend to pro- duce a top that is conveniently low and spreading. The remaining year-old growth should be cut back about half. This method of pruning has two pur- poses, that of forming the bend of the tree and that of thinning the fruit. \Vhile it does not take the place of the regular D0 8- mgus as’gro — tb l 3331:5331” "J“.“efilh’fific‘i‘fes. mini... $2731.?“ thinning it saves a great deal of tledious hand work at that time. The pruning of the peach deals almost entirely with the last season’s growth. If the work has been done properly in the post there will be very little occasion to cut older wood. The young tree just set out may be pruned to a whip but more often it is advisable to leave three or four side shoots that are well placed and cut them back to about two buds. The larger the tree as it comes from the nursery the more the necessity of laterals, Should a shoot longer and stronger than the others come out at one side und- make the; tree lop-sided, it should be» cut out at its source. Heading it back to the height of the rest of the tree. will only serve to make it’ stouter and will not correct the shape of the tree. The Apple. It is hard to give specific directions for the pruning of the apple as there is such a. variation in size, shape and growth among varieties. The young tree should be headed low: low heads being a commercial necessity nowadays. Trees of willowy growtlh, such as the Spy, Jonathan and \Villow Twig may have their heads started a little higher than those of _more stocky growth because. a crop of fruit will bear the branches down more. About.’ four limbs started so as to not form a bad crotch and placed so as to form a. well- balanced head should be- encouraged on every tree. The pruning of the young tree consists of nothing but that neces- sary for the formation of a good head, especially with varieties that make a. strong growth, such as the Spy, Baldwin and Greening, or with any variety if on bove Measures 64 feet across, about four bushels ‘of Niagara Grapes Annually. covers three sides of bring such varieties to bearing. Any method that _will check the growth of wood and not injure the tree will have the same tendency. The Pear. The fruiting hubitsrof the pear are practically identical with those, of the “le6. In growth the pear is more up- right and the fruiting spurs shorter. The pruning should be. greatly like that of the apple but generally not as severe. In fact, the pear will do quite well with- out any pruning. The pyramidal shape that many grow- ers cOnSider unclmngeahle can. be trained to a. modemtcly low and spreading top by proper cutting out of the main up~ right branches when the tree: is young. Some. of our most prominent growers have trained the Flemish Beauty and other upright growing varieties to the shape of a. spreading apple tree even after they were of bearing age, with the greatest success. \\'ith reference to overbearing, or un- dcrbcaring, the pear Should be treated the same as the apple. Many dwarf 0r— cliards that are a source of financial loss now could undoubtedly be made to bear larger crops if a more thorough pruning out of the fruit spurs wus practiced. The Anjou pear which often blossoms but fails to mature fruit, can also be brought to earlier bearing by a. more thorough thinning out of the fruiting spurs. The annual hedge-like heading, or “stubbing,” back which is so commonly practiced especially in dwarf orchards, is not good pruning. The result of such work is a lot of fine growth in the tops for which there is no practical use. To keep a tree from getting too high all of the leaders in upward growth should be cut back sufficiently to some side branch. Van Buren. Co. ‘ F. A. WILKEN. “Injurious Insects,” by Walter C. O’_Kane, Entomologist to the New Hamp- Shlre Experiment Station and Professor of Economic Entomology in New Hamp- shire College. is a book of 414 pages, il— lustrated with 600 original photographs of injurious insects which will aid the reader in learning to recognize them, as will the subject matter of the work in learning to control them effectively. Published by the MachlTan Co., New York. Price, $2.00 net. ‘bed should be horse dung. FEB. 22, 1913. MANAGEMENT OF ‘HOT-BEDS. Although we do not consider hot-beds so convenient or even economical in the long run as the forcing-houses, yet, as beginners in the business are usually not over-supplied with means, and as hot- beds are to be had at much less first cost than the forcing-houses, we give a de- scription of their management. The heating material to form the» hot- fresh from the stables, adding to which, when ac- cessible, about one—half its bulk of leaves from the woods. The manure and leaves should be well mixed and trodden down in successive layers, forming a conical heap, large enough to generate fermenta- tion in severe winter weather. Care must be taken that the material is not allowed to lie scattered and get frozen, else great delay will ensue before heat can be generated. A few days after the pile has been thrown together, and a lively fermentation has taken place, which will be indicated by the escape of steam from the heap, it should be again turned over and carefully shaken out, formed again int-o a pile, and left until the second fer- mentation oceurs, which will be usually in two or three days. It may now be placed in the pit, or on the surface. be- ing regularly beaten down by the back of the fork. and troddevn so that it is uniformly of the same solidity. and to the required depth, two and a half‘feet. The sashes are now placed on the frames and kept close until the heat rises; at this time a. thermometer. plunged in the heating material, should indicate about 100 degrees, but. this is too hot for al- most any vegetable growth, and besides the rank steam given out by the fer— mentation should be allowed to escape before operations of sowing or planting begin. Beginners are very apt to be im- patient in the matter of hot-beds, and often lose the first crop by planting or sowing before the violent heat has sub- sided, which it generally will do in about three days, if the heating material 'has been sufficiently prepared. As soon as the thermometer in the frame recedes to 90 degrees, soil should be placed on to the depth of five or six inches. This soil must be previously prepared, of one- third well-rotted manure. and two-thirds good loam, spread regularly over the surface of the manure in the hot-bed. Uses of the Hot-Bed. “’e use hot-beds for various purposes. One of the most important uses is the forcing of lettuce; this is planted in the hot-beds at the rate of 50 under each sash, the first crop by second week in January; it is covered at night by straw mats, and is usually marketable by the At that season lettuce is always scarce, and will average, if prop- erly grown, $6 per hundred, or $3 per sash. The crop is cut out by the first week in March, giving plenty of time to plant the same bed again with lettuce; but now it is no longer a hot-bed, for by this time the heat from the dung is exhausted, and should be treated as a cold-frame. Another use for the hot-bed is the raising of tomato and egg, and pepper plants. The bed should be prepared for these not sooner than the second week in March, with the temperature about the same as before described. In sow- ing, it is well to cover the seed. not more first of hiarch. than a quarter of an inch, with some very light mold; nothing is better than leaf mold and sand, patting it gently with the back of the spade. From the time the seed is sown. attention to air- ing, during the hot part of the day, and covering up at night. is essential, and also that the soil be never allowed to get dry. “'ater, however, must be ap- plied with judgment, as there is just as much danger from soaking the soil too much. Water should be applied with a fine rose watering pot, and it‘ the water is heated to a temperature of 80 or 90 degrees. all the better. The temperature at night may range from :35 to 65 de- grees, and during the day from 70 to 80 degrees. As soon as the seedling plants are an inch or two high, which will be in four or five weeks, they must be tak- en up and re-planted in a more extensive hot-bed, for they now require room. To- matoes should be planted of a width to give 75 or 100 in each sash. Pepper and egg plants do better if planted in small flower pots, as they are more difficult to transplant; they may now also be kept a. little closer 'in the hot-bed than the tomatoes, a's'they require more heat. Af- ter transplanting, great care is neces- sary that they always be immediately watered, and; shaded from the sun until they have struck root, which will be in THEM I'zCH roan FA R'MER two or three days after transplanting. The hot-bed is also the medium for procuring us cabbage, cauliflower and lettuce plants for early outside planting, ’when not convenient to winter them over as in cold-frames. The seeds of these are sown about the last week in Febru- ary, are treated in all respects as re- gards covering up at night as the to- matoes,'etc., but. being plants of greater hardiness, require more air during the day. They will be fit to plant in the open garden by the middle of April. The beds they are taken from are usually employed for re-planting tomatoes, which it is not safe to plant in the open ground before the middle of May. Essentials in the Care of the Hot-Bed. Two most essential points in working hot-beds are in covering up at night and in giving air during the day. It often happens that a few mild nights in March or April delude us into the belief that all the cold weather is over, and the covering up is in consequence either carelessly performed or abandoned. Ev- ery season shovvs us Scores of victims to this mistake, who by one cold night lose the whole labors of the season. It is always safest to cover up tender plants, such as tomatoes, etc., until the tenth of May and the more hardy plants, such as cabbage, to the first of April, when raised in hot-beds. Even if there is no danger from freezing, it will give a more» uniform tempo ature. and con- sequently conduce to :1 more healthy growth. The want of close attention in airing is equally dangerous. Often an hour’s delay in raising the sashes will result in the scorching up of the whole contents of the hot-bed, and irregularity of airing will always produce “drawn” and spindling plants, even when they are, not entirely killed. The thernometer is the only safe guide, and should be. reg- ularly commuted, and whenever it indi- cates 75 degrees. it is safe to admit more or leSs of the outer air. propor- tioned, of course, to the condition of the atmosphere. If there be bright sunshine and cold wind, very little will suffice; if calm, mild, and sunny, admit larger quantities. If the days are warm, say (it) in the shade, in March or April, the susnes covering cabbage cau-liilOWer or lettuce plants may. be stripped entirely off, and also from tomatoes in April and May when the thermometer is at 70 de- grees in the shade, covering up again at night, of course. New York. T. A. TEFF‘T. PRUNING NORTHERN SPY AND WAG- ENER APPLE TREES. In a recent issue of your paper Mr. F. A. \Vilken said in an article on pruning, that a Northern Spy tree and a \Vagener tree require different treatment. I would like Mr. \Vilken’s ideas as I have ten acres of young Spy trees with Wageners in as fillers and would like to prune both as they should be. Tonia Co. F. H. V. The method of pruning for any variety of apples is determined by its character of growth and its bearing habits. The Spy and the \Vagener varieties are typi— cal of the two extremes in growth and fruiting habits The Spy makes a large top of rather willowy growth and comes into bearing very late, whereas the W'ag- cner produces a rather small top, comes into bearing very early and is very like- ly to over bear. There seems to be. a distinct relation between the growth of a variety and its bearing habits. Varie- ties that make large trees generally come into bearing late while those that make small growth are gene-rally the early bearers. ' Pruning is one of three methods we should use in controlling the habits of the tree. The kind of soil the tree is set in and the method of feeding are the other two. . The main effort in growing the Spy is to get‘ it into hearing as early as pos- sible. This can be done by setting it on the lighter soils, by giving it very little fertilization, at least until it comes into bearing, and by pruning. Before the Spy comes into bearing it should be pruned as little as possible; only what is abso- lutely necessary to keep its top in shape should be done. Heavy pruning encour- ages wood growth and heavy pruning of young trees delays their coming into hearing. A heading back of a few of the main shoots that are making growth a little each year, before the tree comes into bearing will make the tree more stocky and check its upward growth some. This heading can easily be over- done on the Spy and should therefore be done cautiously. When a limb is headed back it shOuld be cut back to a side (COntinued on page 247). E’ at Gordon"- ond Fruit Growor to huvo this Book. Many new things of interest to the progres- sive mind; fully illustrated, very instructive {You can examine and test our Northern grown judge. write your name on margin of this ook and Samples. FARMER SEED 8: NURSERY CO. 580 Third Ave. We want every Farmer, REE TRIAL PACKETS Corn Och Burl-1 Whit Clout Alhlln PARIBAUL'I'. “INN. “Farmer Brand” Seeds our ex ense—then you be the heck samples wanted; per, and send this adv. for Free $I3' Turns Your Walking Plow Into a Sully Don’t. throw your walking \‘ '\ "Q“ .. Ad >~ ... V’)DI\ Will fit. it easier. Make It a boy's Job. Write today. LEWIS MFG. (30., Box L. CORTLAND. N. Y. kind it iB—leit, right or reversible, wooden. steel or iron beam—the WINNER PLOW TRUCK Then you can do more work with less draft on your horses—the wheels carry the plow-and you don’t have to walk. IO DAYS’ FREE TRIAL Order a Winner Plow Truck. Try it ten days in any kind of ground. "V If you are not satisfied send it back. We will return your money and pay the freight both ways. Write for Catalog and Money Saving Introductory Offer. Resolve to make plowing plow away—just to get to ride. No matter What _ Best For Over 00 Years Four generations of fruit tree growin experi- ence. boiled down, is read for you absolutely free 0 charge. Don't experiment with fruit trees 0 quality. Stark Trees aluIayo pay big. unknown productiveness, uncertain The secret is m‘Stark Brothers' per- fect method of growing, transplanting, packing and shipping. 50 Years Ahead of Any Other Nursery in America Wh don’t you take advantage of our Special Service Deport- mont All Advice Froo to You. We send you free the best scien- tific methods of preparing your soil for biggest profits; show you how to prune your trees, give ‘how to spray the Stark way. . big money maker. fruit tree literature and statistics. Write today. Stark BTO’S nunsxnmsa oncmnns 00., n n on best methods of Stark cultivation; ake your orchard a winnor and 3 Write us at once for Stark Year Book. complete so. LOUISIANA, no. . . No. A Record of One llwndred Honorable Sumac/Ill Yours to Emma Bee-Hives. Sections. Found.» tion. Smokers. etc. eeswox wanted. Send for fully illustrat- ed catalog. BEE SUPPLIES and BERRY BASKETS M. H. HUNT a. SON. 400 Condlt 5... LANSING, MIC". Berry Baskets and 16 qt. "In" board Crates. the best yet. Hot.- Bed Sash made of cypress. Send for basket, catalog. Saw your own wood and save time, coal and money; your neigh- bors and upward I . MAKE $5 to $15 o DAY Hundrodo are doing it with an APPLETON WOOD SAW We make 7 styles—steel or wood frame —stationarv or mounted on truck with gasoline engine, making a. Portable Wood-Joining Rig Rigid frame, lathe-turned arbor. running in self adjusting, non-heating, dust-proof boxes makes our saw frames simple. strong. sale and succestul. We also make the famous FRICTION-DRIVE DRAG SAW APPLETON CIRCULAR LOG SAW. Ask for our completefree catalog. APPLETON MFG. C0. 320 Fargo St., Buhvio, Ill. A New Wonderl’rom .l. H. HALE “The Peach King" ‘ -‘ " “A " Rudy After 8 Youn' Tub—After 3.000 J. H. HALE Trees Phnlod-Orchudim Enthusiastic At last the wonderful "J. B. HALE" peach is offered for commercial planting. The most, amazing peach the country has ever known. Fruit twice as large as Elberta; color deep yellow. overlaid with carmine flesh firm and melting; smoot , fuzzless skin: mo luscious flavor; extremely hardy—27 de recs below zero failed to injure. Tested in all peach so is and climates. Experts assert it will rove the greatest money-maker ever planted in 0.8. arly growerewill mnke fortunes 180ml Name for “lo-Pogo Book Fro: Describes the new “J. H . HALE' ' peach and complete assortment of William P. Stork guaranteed trees. No agents. You love 50 per cent and get better trees. Book lent only on request. WM. P. STARK NURSERlES, Sta. 8 1'7 , STARK CITY. MO. ALFALFA SEED Northern Grown Dry Land Stock. 99%% pure. 99%‘70 germination. . 8. Department of Agriculture test. U Also Choice Sand or Winter Votch. EDW. E. EVANS, West Branch. Mich. (“Ts—Rec. Swedish Select and Imp. American. Two best yieldors. Also SEED CORN,Soed Pototoea Clover. Timoth and GARDEN BEDS. 8 l catalog free. i'mno. BURT a SON, Meiigfdni. seed oats~8ilver Mine from U. P. ch soil. 600 b 81:01, Good yielders. J. s. Ddefnniny. 1%.“: 2!" 833° {dill and mawum Y BHDICE DAHUAS an“... tress ° _ e ow send for list. A. A. nuns. Mendoh. Mich? —Flower_.'v E E D s m, senses: --—-—-——. M y , m , .prioes. ALLEN & sons. GENfiva%nf35 An instructive (IA-page Illus- trated catalogue Describes the Planet all cultivation. Planet Jr tools have over 40 years’ practical experience back of them. Every tool fully guaranteed. Get the book. Write postal today. S LALLEN &C0 Box 1107” Philn.. Pa. We Grow theTREES ‘ known the country over as Danton quality. All progagating is under personal supervision. and we guarantee all our trees for quality, variety. oturdiness and to be free from Scale. Our FREE 1913 Catalog is our only sales- man. Order from it and you SAVE HALF AGENT'S PRICES. Write for a. copy now. rem it carefully and send us your order at once. Danton, Williams & Danton, 42 Elm 81.. Dusville. N. Y. REES aiHaltAéenisPrices 10 Peach, Fiat-do. 3 to 4N.for 60 - . -- ‘ 3 Elberta. 2 Champion. 2 L Crawford, 2 Crosby, l Greensboro. , Other sizes accordingly. Frel ht Paid and Guaranteed. Send for tea Whole- sale Catalog of A complete line. THE WM. J. REILLY NURSERIES, 24 Canton St" Dansvllio. N. Y. . IIIPERIAL PULVERTZER OLOD CRUSHER and Rollor Leads them all! A c.1333." Tin Peterson lig. Illl- lflfi'vgufii PULVEBIZED llME 800K We are now bookincorders for shipment' of our Magnesian Lime Rock swimmers "mu. tamer" or booklets and loves: 0:?000011. c I rite KB SHORE °§i°6ss co., Milwaukee, - -‘ Wisconsin. FEB. 22, 1913. 4 , RENEWED' INTEREST IN APPLE compost is best and if it contains agood- GROWING. ly proportion of horse manure it is the more desirable. . ' t. Farmers in this section are gradually Onle way to force rhubarb is to put a waking up to the fact that the apple barrel, headless end down, over the hill, o ‘ ‘ ‘ A, .I Buy your seeds direct from us; out out agent's profits.» we 3 . orchard is a valuable asset of their farm then cover it with a pile of fresh horse < .5 / . deagii'zegazitll‘i‘fiigézggs‘aengWa$§zfiififlersiu fgoperty. For a number of years past, manure. The heat produced will start a . ‘ Prizewinning. heaviest ieldingoats known. Sworn-toyieldsof . ls idea has been growing.» I thmk per- growth of leaves 1“ the barrel. The Stalks mm 259 bush. peracre. ourland can return the sameto you. _. haps the farmers‘ institute has done will grow as .well in the darkness as in l . , . Salzer’s Hardy Alfalfa more than anything else to awaken in- the light. The objection to this is that " ~,, ., . isthebiggest.quickest.mostdependablemoneymaker. , T . . terest in this ouestlion. Occasionally, it requires a large pile of manure to. pro— Our alfalfaon Gov.l-loard’s farm roducedover of . hay per acre. Polaloesp ’80 expert apple growers have been given a duce a few stalks, but perhaps it is as Salzer’s Earliest yielded 464 bushels to the acre .1 place on the institute programs, and have practicable as much of the advice offered. . for the editor of Rural New Yorker. ~ 4“ succeeded to interest a farmer or two in Anyhow, those who have the material in- , . ' ., I,‘ SendlorCatalouueand Bis,Freel’remluml.lsl . \“ the locality. in the profitableness of ap- Plenty can try it. . _ ' . ‘f‘$0333:2J3]whim?"fisaiirg‘n‘Jffiltiffgg"e22:“m g the growing, and in the: hidden possibil— But the; barrel can .be put to a good. . ".000 prize Mar “0‘s Wheat, 20th Century Alfalfa. . , 9"" ities of many old apple orchards if treat- use later in the season. After springhas $081322:am:33mmahiflgifilaggfifegggclfgflfié ."I ‘ ed with up-tO-dllte, scientific methods. Opened it may be placed Over a hill of imeto send your line. ). , In awakening interest in the possibil- rhubarb and the result will be a crop or JOHN A. SALZER SEED C0. ~ ‘ . J ities of the apple orchard, the farmer Slalks that will be suitable for use sev— 135 S.l:‘.lghlh St., LaCrosse. Wis. \‘ ., .. I has been ready to listen, because of the t*l‘itl days before that left in the Open. fact that he already has the orchard, The stems will shoot up to the top of and hence needs only to prune and spray that barrel in a hurry. l ‘ in order to reap the benefits. But while There are few varieties of rhubarb, but the possession of the orchard has in this they. differ considerabl in the Size of way helped to awaken interest, from an- Slitlk- The greatest demand is for large other standpoint it has made the farmer stalks, a rule Wthh applies to garden skeptical and hard to convince. He has products in general. But some of the possessed the old apple orchard for years. smaller kinds are of superior quality and - He has gleaned from it apples enough better worth growing in the home gar— for family use. and occasionally sold a den, GVG'n though not so productive. \Vliy few at a dryer or at the cider mill, re- IlOt set a larger bed of a small variety ceiving scarce enough to pay for the and grow something really worth the ex- Burpee’s Seeds Grow HE truth of this famous “slogan" is attested by thousands of the most progressive planters throughout the world, who rely year after year upon Burpee's Seeds as The Best Seeds That Can Be Grown! If you are willing to pay a fair price for Quality- Seeds, we shall bepleased tomail, withoutcost,acopy of Burpee’s work of picking- .ma hauling, He has tra cost? 3 Annual for 1913. Long known as “The Leading American Seed not considered the old orchard as worth RhUhal‘h'C‘dn be grown from seed, but much. and it is not always easy to con— it (1098 1101 always come true to name. Vince him that the old trees are valu— The Challt'C‘S are lnore than even that the able. plants obtained in this way will be un- llut in spite of this drawback, the SilllFmClOl'lfi FOI' this reason it has been pruning and spraying of apple trees, no- found best to dcpelld upon root propaga- cording to scicntific methods, is growing “(’11 gradually, in some localities, rapidly. In Many years ago rhubarb received some every community in which interest has alle’lllhltl MS a wine llltlnl. In some scc- l ii , k k B‘TEKII’S HEW “LBERTl ‘llccn aroused. the practice of scientific lltllls large llf‘hlS Wt‘l‘C set to itand cul- / l‘ ‘ - treatincnt of the trees continues to in- tivated fUl' this lllll'llOSO. Bllt it l'lI'OVetl t IERADISHES w V \ .. (-i'easc. \Vlieii a farmcr sprays his or-‘ ‘0 be unsatisfactory and the llldllStFY chard and sclls his apples at a high W118 ilhflllthlhf‘ll- Probably the world in aredelicious,o£unitorm price, his neighbors are quick to take golleral is none the worse for the failure». v.52 {lii‘iii‘fiiabifiggpi‘éli’ié ‘ notice and do likewise. In some ncigh—' 4‘5 it is: rhubarb t'lt'CUlliC'S a field largo ‘: I THERE '3 BIG MONEY IN OATS if you hurhnmlg ltlt'l ll] ‘ “ 9 rl f ' - ' . ' . ' . .. ‘ e, mme of orchards .noug i 01 one plant in fuinishin m - grow the right kind. RATEKIN'S NEW AL- g ‘1 each of 4 distinct, elegant BERTA,Camda. OATS grow Bigger Crops. More vliave liccii drivcn to the spraying of their tGl‘léll for gUUd, honest pie and sauce. sorts for 10¢ poupnld. This money is returned in Bushels pcracrc and bcncrquality than any Oatin the orchards by the Very necessities of the Oakland CO- F- 13- WELLS. World. Our Seed all grown on new Wm" 8°”-dem case. Molly farincrs who do not as .Vct Catalog," this Bright New Book of 180 pages tells the plain truth and is a safe guide to success in the garden. Do you want it? If so. write to-day! Address W. ATLEE BURPEE & CO., Philadelphia form of 10c check good with 60c seed order. I' FREE Beautiful Catalog FREE ,, ground: free from noxious Weed seeds. from crops _ flu'tuzlllbg”; “Fug”,llgfifiz‘fixighé‘grrs‘gzg‘?“ yielding 125 To 140 BUSHELS PER ACRE prime and spray properly, spray for the CATALOG NOTICES. l pic urea. nos 0 oce . - - M . . . _ 'moderutoprices. Ask oryourcupyto—day. WCIEh1n245 TO 50 LBS- PER BUSHEL- stale \\lllL‘ll lizls llllldc lovagcs among Baldwin’s Friut plants ‘3“)er by O A i 9 u . Ask for sample and com are . ,. -. , _ _ .- _. . , FHEE SAMPLE (hcmwitb anyothcraeedgats thin tlcts. In this way, some. come to I). Baldwin, Bridgman, Mich., are fully offered. or in the World. Our Biz illustrated Seed I‘llilllm the hone-tits of Shraylns- alld iliustl‘f‘ted and ‘leSL'l'lbed ill & ilO-Duge cat- Catalczoants.5ccd Com.Grass.Clovcrandallkindo spray for other posts as well. f1 0;; ‘bullll‘lemeilted by .colol‘eld plates. 1n offarmandzarden Seeds mailed FREE on Request. In the writer's immediate localitr . i’thutie listed a lull line 01 small fruit ADDRESS RATEKIN'S SEED HOUSE , , 4 , ' ' ‘ _ 5' a I fifihb' ,U. . , ,, ,, , SHENANDOAHJOWA 80x17 301mg mall “ho has hecn a student at t.“ 1V9?) lln'g‘ ml the call-den. is the the I\Iiclligan .»\gricultural Co'lcgc, has “ime (3: “(1:60 1J1; (ifitalgi 81a léetterbtlclendlcr- ‘ . '. ' . ., o-ot ‘ n ‘ ‘., 0W been. lensing orchards for several years, Bork. This is an exceptionally complete : pruning and spraying, for a “Option of cali'llog {)f'ZOO pages. profusely illustrated ‘ the fruit. So bcncficial h.s l um. “m an” many “Hm“! cuts illustrat- ,. . _ , ‘ 1 tie work “lg the complete line of farm, garden and moved to tho oiclluids, that 'ililS year, flower seeds listed by this well known the young man is curing for lilore or- ‘hll'm, Ell-“O specialties in tools for use in Chards than cvcr bcforev Farmers who 10 garden. Mention the Michigan Farin- * ‘ ' ‘ cr when with r ‘ - -. . '— l are busy throughout the season with alog. I ll: t0! tmb mammothcat l’ their farm work. are glad to lease their Ntlll‘tllel‘n “New Land” Seed Products l orchards for a iorliln of ti . i i l, are lf‘te‘l ”3 the 1913 (“Whig 0f the Greg- ] tl 1 . I h) ’ . ‘ 19 ”p9 PM” my harm becd 00.. Bay City, Mich. This In ie ‘ong inn [.6 owncl of the orchard is a b4—page illusn'ated catalog describing is a gamer, as scic-nliilc care of the trees it full line of northern grown farm and increaseg their value greatly. garden sceds for Michigan planting, I ) s'l ~' . tl ‘ - 7 - . btl'aWbEI‘rY Plants that Grow," is the n OLD...“ cling ie letlaiming Of Old title. of the 1913 catalog issued by C. E. apple orchards. two important points '\‘\h1llell'5 Nurseries, Bridgman, Mléll- stand out clearly: First. the value of 1131‘s tlfaagopiflge (‘agalogt‘ldevoted entirely _ , , , . . . , , . r s " eres ant o ier small fruit fa-im propeit) m tllfi ltltallly IS greatly specialties and contains information of enhanced, the benefits being realized by value on how to set and grow‘ straw- both the individual owner and the com— berries succcssl‘ully. . , , , ’ ‘ lowa Seed 00., Des Moines. Iowa pub- munlty Second, the faimers profits for lisli a 1913 catalog of 150 pages fully ii— any glven year are. made more secure and lustralcd with several colored plates. The stable. If the potato crop and the corn i‘llllllh‘ll‘flllons elm? descriptions are care— . . .- ‘ , U y lll‘é’lltll‘c 0 convey :1, COI‘I‘PCt idea crop fail, the 'll’l’!“ “Oh may Sh“ be a. of the articles offered and much thought great success and save the day. It is has been expended in grouping special , 5.51. ISBELL& C0.. 102 Paul St, Jackson. Midi. , l ‘zounoo tie", ;250,000Apple ( ‘ ' 250,000 Peacl‘ grown by men 0! experience In. the greatest Iree growing center ol the [1.8. We ship only quality trees and burn those we believe will not please our customers. We do not. grow the quantity of trees that. some nursery- men do. but. we do maintain quality and have built our reputation by so doing. For 48 years these nurseries have been known for reliability. We’d rather not sell a planter If we can’t please him. We guarantee our trees true to name and no from scale, and will 're and 3.? _to 31 inmate in 80%;}; case where can otherwwe. , rlto for Ca alog and price list of select- ed stock. ' (7‘s Specml Allowance on large // .\ order: before Jllarch Ist. ML \ J. B. MOREY NURSERIBS. 54 State St” Dnnovlllo. N.Y. . Mannl big, field-grown luutl, ready to bloom. Order the ollow- . iug great collection NOW for spring. $4 Worth for $1 With Free Coupon . 8 flnospecimen plants of vinos,rouea, u. ahrubs,etc.Clioiceat of populurkinds. ‘. Too lorgeto be mailed. By express 1) for One Dollor,witll Due Billgood for . One Dollar with future orders. ‘ FREE—Useful Catalog Oll’ora finest fruits and ornmen tall at reasonable _. rates. Write today. ' Celery City Nur- series, Box 32 Kalamazoo, Mich RAWBERRIE S Grow Your Own « ~ g , the Kellogg Way - \ KELLOGG’S BIG RED strawberry garden will produce all the strawber- ries your entire family can eat, summer and win- , tel. at a cost of one cent‘ per gallon. It contains ex- tra early, early, medium and _ N Mow coon Wonderful Fall-Bearing‘ S_lrawberrie Fruit in fall of first year and in spring and fall of second year. Big money-maker! 500 plants set in May yielded from Aug. 23 to Nov. it nearly 400 quarts which sold for 25c per qt. The past season (1912) we had fresh straw- berries every day from June 15 to - Nov. 15! We are headquarters for rull these two factors that are bringing the collections ”1",”. {Gal batrgains. It is the :7. ‘ . ‘ , poicy 0 us louse 0 give their cus- farmers or th.s scrimn ‘0 leg‘ll‘l the” tumors the full bcneiit of bargains in orchards as something more than a kind surplus stock rather than offer them to of necessary 0v“ The final awakening yllletli dealers; at wholesale prices. \Vrite is not 'et a _‘ r z _ .. ‘ , 7 or list-ata og listing such bargains and 3 ’ "‘1 ”rm-‘- 1:“"1‘15 511“ 1001‘ ll full line of staple and farm and gar- askance at the proposition and say they den seeds, mentioning this paper. can not waste their time doctoring their l):’(’l'e'hb05 Bros, Kalamazoo, MiCh-, in- “ ‘ ‘ , , ven ors and manufacturer «f th K - worthless .lllle trees. B . . ~ ‘5 ’ e .ero h. l - .il , . ’llt ,3 beginning \lapor incandescent gas lamp, will send as icon made and intelcst in the apple ocscriptive foldcrls of this safe, simple, and the apple orchard is sure to grow reliable and eifiment, yet cheap, substi— Strawberrles and Small F late varieties. All hea fruit- ,. , . . Plants 01 all kinds ers. Berries extra brag sweet apace. {tine 1“” g‘t‘l Igas f.“ 90lintry homes. \Vrlte Big stock of best hardy varieties at very low anddelicious. Youcanhave fresh Hillsdale Co. J, A KAISER tel101388 101 .( :scriptllve ft'hlel‘ “'h‘Ch .Wm firiceS' Plum Farmer. daho and Royal Purple strawberriesandcream,shortcake, ' ’ ‘ 3 u lo‘.‘ 0 ma \e the .home as hght aspberries. also Blackberries GooseberrleS. Cur— preserves, jam and canned berries M . asflday during the long wmter evenings. {32.31621 Grapes" 30 years exDenence' car” the year round. Help yourself and eat all you want. RHUBARB. (h €1,321, COI‘lIld Slh'rlnng Ig‘entce Co, 0f “Vill- ‘ . , ., anu ac. we 30 different LJ. FARMER. BOX 360. MR!- N-Y- LET US RESERVEAGARDENFOR YOU before — "‘ heights and styles of fence, all desscribed theyare all sold. Ours ecialdeliver d ice I . ~ . . . . - . . than $3.00. This gagden will yigldpalbouitsseosa , mum”) ‘S “33‘” WOW” Consequently 1“ the”. catalog. Much Will be sent upon quarts of berries each season, and with 00,; me It is left to care for itself. It will endure iféflllcétllollg ‘l‘hlts Company has sold their willfruitforthreeyears. When itistime oryou_to neglect for a long time, but at last it 51m; ”fiavcnfd- 0] flamers for-20 years e garden. we will deliver your plants prepaid. .- .. ,. . . . 9 Game “Pm exl’m‘lem’e the allprunedandreadyfor setting. Will run out. By loosening the soil kind of fence which gives satisfaction. In OUR BEAUTIFULLY ILLUSTRATED BOOK of ill‘Ound it and workingsome fine manure giggog figlx'isthfih‘ (‘fltalOg and price IiSt " n paper. I" “:1 a :. mot no high quality as Wing's Alfalfa, , - ‘ Corn and other farm seeds. Try them. " instructions, ourthlrty yearsof strawberry experience into the ground, the yield of stalks can and fulllnformation about the Hello“ Way ofmak- . . , . The Famous Old ’l‘rusty Incubator and . 9 Great 10c Offer ' log a strawberry garden is yours for the asking. 2: glltCtW-‘ed l'iind 113*“: thfluctmwgl be. £23335; Cigangfggttgedt byvtge _M.f it" Wowillmaillurgo packet Beet, Lettuce, ' ', ,. e 81‘ qua I y' u 1 ls S 1 etter 2” . X, _ " ‘ .en 81", ‘ e " iS ,u y [“1qu - d 1 1. g ./ ch. - . , , l llSlldted and (leSCl‘lbed in a large-Sized :27 mirage; 1:31.35lelileigcfigggfig, . ,_ , “I”! Kellogg 00.,301575 llll'eellllel's, Ml . to take up the old ioots, sepaiate the toes lOO-page catalog published by this com— and replant. These toes can be cut in many, This catalog not only describes pieces, each of which will grow if it has and illustrates in detail the goods man? a bud. , ufacktlurerfl by this concern but contains . _ _ muc in ormation of value on the use 1’ ' Most any kind of soil Will do for rhu- incubators and broode-rs in a scientific... barb, provided there is a generous supply Fame? “'hiCh insures eaS-V profits. 1h a of lant food. I ._ h . 21c, every department of the requisites? . D t” a equ feeder. The for the successful hatching and rearing“ ' ' “Alfalfa #223333.” FREE :. ‘ ..:..‘-”,/‘ l ? Our catalog holpl farmers make more ‘\ ,‘ , ;. money. II I complete guide to Alfalfa \ ‘ . . Culture. Deacribea fleld-, vegetable-, and flower needs. Writotor your free copy. ,' w... mama. thy 3.“o:e%2°h”.w.ndlu'§.gfld‘°b§°.§. ground may be made too rich for it, but of chicks is fully treated in this catalog“, , mNothlngbuflhobo-fi-tockfor that is not often done. When it is set Wmch is exceptionally complete. including; “lo. Price! right. Samuel Ill-nor, Mflenm I. Y . anew .. w... w... $55..hill;-‘f‘h‘ieiilfiiifgal‘liéinigl a we wus- 1913. fulfill.“ LU l'nnmuu If your land is unable of producing double the yield you are now getting. the (inference represents a loss of hundreds of dollars eve ry year to you! Why should you sufler such a loss. when for the same expense of seeding, working and har- vesting.you'can bunk greatly increased profits. Valuable Information Free I have made a. life study of the subject of restoring fertility to all kinds of soil. I have learned Just what natural elements ' are necessary to produce large yields of cer- tain crops on certain soils. I know the exact proportions of these elements to employ in each m case. Tell me what you want to grow, and the nature and condition of your soil. Fill out question blank I m nd you—and I will tell you st what your needs {are to get best results with the crop you want to grow. Write for Free Question Blank I will forward it by return mail. Answer the questions and I will tell you free ofcharge. just what you should do with your land to reap biggest profits. Write me a postal NOW. so on will have time for careful consideration. on can does you please about adopting my suggestions when you receive them. Tear out this advertisement now as your reminder!» write me at. once. 8. H. SMITH. Crop Expert Chicago Fertilizer & Chemical Works 3936 Emmi! Ave.. UIIioII Stock Ysrds. Chime. Ill. GLOVEIH 5.9. SMNVISTIOATl’l—Mlesoi Ind Chev-DUI! 8M lInfllmsw sikeClover Ind '11th mixed. Futi‘il‘ 1-! sike. I big high). Greatest buy an pasture co lnati on grown. for free temple” and Til-page cstalo and circulars deem-lung this wands mixture. sets an thin on can sow and ridiculous y ch esp. We handle on y besi emdreclesned seed guIrant eed. Write before advance. A. A. IEIRV tEED 60.. Box ~l¢ urinde, Iowa cent. to buy it. handle you cln dug use. bl tee. Driveoutlntoth msc hie-arm "both WILLIAM GALLOWAY. Pres. not :tIcmry price” In Here's What Your Neighbors Says Gentlemen. I received the spreader all 0 K. and heron. no'ynenri Inch“. I never Rani my Irouhls with II II. III Ind II o It very dmimh. l woul WI My teen is" we Inches at am mu . s ssh-eh did not slip. even IILhouI. the mud lur our-Erik. . no")!!! Kilhm N. Y. [141 Human. Dear Sir: I reeei your “Eon box spreader Ind an: Thur. than planned. iv. does I. e work lsr bencr I much PMIQI’ on the him Ihs expeflr I “Is mules hsndls It willy-m and they only welsh 900 lb: nd to on II. we I‘d they III In! Wight. coin: In hove one of them that any Your rwly Nevins, (Rh. Robinson. runabouts, carts. se'va esru. $0. {en-5‘s mite” any or. shied! 1 tea at mum?" m1¢1rspre=der Yo tok 8.4?” ..., “a” I; is the allow '1'” _N_Iy Special l19__l_3 9__ffer got a new proposltion for I917— that's so much bigger Ind more liberal than anything I’ve ever been able toofl’er before that there’ ssImply parison. Listen—if you decld eto ice the Galloway after having Ind the free trial I’I tell on how you may get it partly or enthirel free. 0 canvassi n equal-est straights“. cleanest Ire-operative ofl'er can here and I won ’ttry to. But I' II tel loudv shout itin a personal laws: if you'll w to me right away. Let Me Pa .~ I n Phelps’ 1913 Split Hickory Boo Phelps' new book is a wonder. ever sent out—biggest money saver you ever saw. Takes the place of dealers. jobbers, travelers and other middle- men. Shows more fine buggies surries phaetons, carriages. spring wagons and harness. than you can find in 25 retail dealers stores and quotes lower prices than they pay even when buying in car-load lots for spot cash. Proves by actual photographs. that Splzl Hickory quality Is years ahead. H‘. C. PHELPS, Pres. The OHIO CARRIAGE MANUFACTURING CO, Sta. 32 . COLUMBUS, 0. THE MICHIGAN FARM—ER PRUNING NORTHERN SPY AND WAG- ENER APPPLES. 1 (Continued from page 245). ‘ limb. After the tree haseome into beam- ing it may be pruned heavier if necessary but even then the pruning should be comparatively light. Pruning ems away fruit spurs and on the Spy we gene-rally want to leave on as many as possible. On the lighter soils the Spy may in some cases overhear. Of course, in such cases the pruning should be heavier. The small, stunted VVagener tree which has borne itself to uselessneISS is almost as common a. sight on the light soils as the overgrown unproductive Spy is on the heavier. The treatment for the Wagoner shouldbe axactly opposite of that for the Spy. It should be set on the heavier soils and have good feeding in the way of manuies and cover crops to encourage growth. If the tree inc-lines to come into bearing too early the pruning should con- sist of" cutting out some of the fruit spurs. Its general tendency to overhear can be checked by a. liberal cutting out of these spurs every year. By such prun- ing its produciiveness is made normal and some of its energies can be directed toward making wood growth. In thin- ning out the fruit spurs We should not make the mistake of cutting out all of the spurs in the lower and middle parts of the tree. A general thinning out: throughout the entire tree with attention given to thinning out the tops as well as the rest of the tree will make a better shaped tree and one which will have its fruit well distributed. Van Buren Co. F. A. WILKEN. CANNING AS A MEANS OF INCOME. Probably no question comes more fre- quently to those supposed to be fitted to advice, than the question. “How can I make money in my Spare time at home?” No one can answer this question without a thorough knowledge- of the cnqLIirer's qualifications and surroundings. Thisup- peal for advice comes frequently from farmers’ wives, and from the- grown-up daughter, whose parents do not wish her to leave home, and enter the business world. I want to assure all enquirers, who have a plot of land at their dis- posal, that a steady, and comfortable in- come may be made by canning vegetables and fruit at home. It is a lamentable fact that half of the output of the average ve:., etable garden on the farm is wasted, and lost for want I’ m banking on mfsproe pro-an“! I‘ ll ship you one of my new 19 3 Model Gallo escrup heap. I' ll even tell you how to do heavy trumped-down. unrolla. frozen“ slo {i l éom one 1' 8 8 now. I' hk' n "shades myself Myth-i: I O TEEN-m3 ' ‘ "'k'” ”Wm. GI Howey for a Menus and your mind-use "use I. renderollthn “II hotter then-I eve oughtn .?I|.. instant It back to Ins "17:“:- tti‘mcendrw youwuntto. Manda pay the Ireight be: I' III for it end use it. no soliciting. Justt sires: y everm ads. '1: explsin it all 0581'. andjyour way Spu Iwant you to take thatspresder and teatit In a way that would put any your 111 ’t' °you worry Gullowsytodo w ha‘twouldzrzfitfiny‘eé‘a’o ":Sellin§dr719ect tron: {semi-y to term. every mlddlemsn' I mm“ out entirely oil; them: My Regular $1.00 Book . “A Streak of Gold” Sent F RE how to produce msnure.I Itore it.t Price regular] one dollars aeopyJ I'll send it In you free In addition to a full explanation o! my record- breaking. 1918 proposi spreader catslog so you esncfpick out Avon whorl: me to sen or of a. simple way of taking care of the surplus. To undertake canning 011 the farm, in a Small way at first, is not diffi- cult nor expensiVe. A portable home- csnnlng outfit can be purchased for from $5.00 to $15. A book of instructions ac- companies each outfit, so that by follow-l ing a few Simple rules success is easy. One great advantage of this employment is, the canning season falls conveniently in the vacation period when the young folks can help. Indeed, when provided with a good (winning outfit, the Work is a pleasure, and every member of the family will wish to assist. Conducted in a business-like manner, there is no work in which farme'rs’ wives, can engage which will bring in as large, returns. Purchase a supply of cans, wholesale, an have labels with your name and addresg pasted on them. Don’t give the middleman a share of your profits. Take a. sample of your wares. and solicit orders from the best people, the best hotels and restaurants. Remember that your goods are worth more than the or- dinary canned goods, and you don’t have to compete with them. Put a good price on your products and if you have something better than the ordinary you will have no difficulty in selling it. The overwhelming popularity of the tomato allways gives it first place when it comes to cunning for market. Realiz— ing this the Department of Agriculture at \Vashington has recently issued a bul- letin which tells all about the home—can- ning of tomatoes. Anyone can have all of the facts by writing for the two farmers’ bulletins, Nos. 220 and 521. These bulletins contains not only ex— plicit directions for canning and finding markets, but give many excellent recipes. All housewives know lhul tomatoes may be preserved in many different forms. Chow-chow. relish, iomatlu ketchup, chili sauce, plcalilli, green tomato pick- les, tomato preserves, besides the plain canned tomatoeS. are a few of the forms in which tomatoes may be canned for sale. It is to be hoped that the day is not far distant when most of our canned goods will be clean, honestly packed arti- cles put up in our own homes. Mus. JEFF. DAVIS. After the situation has been carefully surveyed and all the factors considered the final crniclusion as to (he most im- portant element entering into the produc- tion of successive crops of fruits, is brains—the power of thinking clearly and understanding things as. they ale. romise dment. ers right to you manure In your eel! yard. t neighbors. let him ‘31:; “a t Im Stud out I"like excluIlve tents . i . in... ' lneln lube world. Seemed: mend don' t mom. Icons»: “2“; wiawtit' a? . L " ew- Isoyouwon spreader-(abs the world. m’I‘hnt' s why I sets-l. Nothipgelse like ever written. Tolls plsisnly just This book ls wort lion and my big ust the you on t is free is enough. Don’s Grandest buggy salesman to $40 on just want. Let my to you. M 1913 prices save you $25 y the vehicle you 500k prove It and? Year: Guarantee. tells you the right price to pay. D8111)" Reliable thefimwep “9'35 sndSaveMoney om nursery order and M “ensign?" figures“? are town n ansv 6, ~ lug geetionottheU United States. where cab is unknown. 12 PEACH TREES 980. 3 Am 2 $.10“wa 3L. Oragvford. Mal Omen. were. All full {'00 carefully seleebedt -nd canon ysrue or noney back. om mum b insin 0“ E 1°51... Ohm :‘?ocher leading fruits. PWdteiloi-Oh your copy now. REILLY BROS. NURSBRBS IN Remy Road. Dsnvliie. New York. Immanu- . 50c 39m“. “”00 ’ All packed In big envelope which is good , ' us put psyrnent on futum orders Good for - We on orders of $1.00 or more. Collection '. ., in: one regulsr 10c packet each of \ 'g; Mined 8w.“ Pose Noting like \‘g', equal value everoifered before. _ : OI... NEW IORICIMI. AND FREE :" DIFFERENT SEED IOOK 3 shows largest collection of pure gel-den. " flower and field seeds ever ofi’ered and at .3 big ssving in money to you. Semi for it right now and enclose with your - lethal-10c for the big I00 collection _ ’ described above. Remember catalog , . Is free. NONI! Ins.-Bow:nan Go- Pm be! Sp 9.0. Is: use A NATERLoo. IOWA SKIPPED HILLS RAISE Nb POTATOES Every hill you miss in planting means money lost out of your pocket. No ma.- chine can plant per- fectly unless there is hand door- rection of misses a n d doub- l e 5. l0 to 50 / bushels more to space 'Ind one on y. No Dicker s used—no in- jury to see-d. Perfect placing of seed and uniform spacing Can t you see that it must pay for itself? \I' rill! for new booklet. “mo per rent potato pzaung‘ 'We male full line Potato Mmhines, Garden Tools. Sprayers, tic, “TEN”! M'F'G 00. Box 1045 Brenlocll. I. .l. SWEET BLDVER The new pasture Ind forage clover Equal to altslfaln productiveness. Sample seed and cir- cular Elving directions for growing mailed free on request Also copy of our large illustrated catalogue of Farm and Gardens Seeds. Ask for it. IOWA SEED 60. Dept. 62 Des Moises. lows §__hippe_t_l F RE' Yes ABSOLUTELY Free—Not One Cent Down-No Bank n’t went you to send me one cent for this spreader. No sir, not one I don’t even usk you to sign any mortgage. lease or note or even I won't let you take any risk of any kind or nature. I’ In making I: 0 most —' ' during olfer I've ever made and . ,1 _ Here a my plan: fsnn without even a dollar’ 3 (is sit. other spreader In the world on d. f you’ ve got nn'y If you can 'I: find nngth n: “E m: ULAQHAME l FORCE Ht!) .‘A ‘IXT‘NTED 'd Wm. Galloway, Pres., WM. GALLOWIIY co. 649 Galloway Station, Waterloo, Iowa Spreaders in Stock at Chicago. Kansas City. Minmtolis. Council Blufi and Winnipeg y the Postage See 140 Styles of Vehicles, also Complete Line of Illness-80" It Factory Prices‘ . Direct to You—2 Years Guarantee—Mule to Order—30 Dsys Free Road Tull Book shows many features not found in any other line of vehicles—tells why Phelps saves you other folks bought Split Hickory after .20 Days Don’ it you want the Phelps Book? It‘ s C. PHELPS the best guide you can get. even if you buy elsewhere. It ‘ will show you what' 5 what in vehicles and harness and Just mail a postal—Phelps pays the postage to york-and the book comes by return mail—all free. Address $25 to $40, and why 167. 000 Free Road Test 248~—32 THE _MIC.H1(3,AN .FA‘RMER LFEB. 22, 1913. Blitlilil-leS’ memoir. CATTLE. —Horses cattle. sheep. swine and For Sale poultry, nearly all breeds. Sires exchs South West estMichigan Pedigreed Stock Ass’ 11. . avidWoodman. 800' y. - teas. .Paw Paw. Mich. Aberdeen-An us. Herd. consisting of Trojan Ericas. B ackbirds and Prides. MP01151;I is he udedb by Egerten W. the GRAND OHAM bull at the State. West Michigan and Bay City Fairs of 1912 and the sire of winners at these Fairs and at HE INTERNATIONAL. Chicago, of 1912. WOODCOTE STOCK FARM. Ionia. Mich. AYRSHIRES"i.’.“.§2..‘l§..y “mm“ 1.911% on and bull calves for sale. Berkshire swine. nAll pure bred. Mi ichigan School for Deaf. Flint. Mich. GUERNSEY BULL CALVES, YORKSHIRE PIGS. Good Stock. HICKS GUERNSEY FARM. Saginaw, W. S.. Mich. 10 ling. liucrnse 33115311133th 5°”. ”1.22.9283 Oomeor write. J HN EBELB, 11.10. Holland. Mich. 1115111101111 runs 101 511.11 A... m... China. Hogs. ALLEN BROS.. Paw Paw. Michigan. 4-Cheice sires from HATCH llERll IIOLS'I‘EIN mo am... 1...... enable prices. HATCH HERD. Ypsilanti. Michigan. HOIOE Bull Calves from A. 11.0. dams. Sir-ed by our herd sire whose dam and sire’ s dam each made over30 lbs. in 7days E.R .Cornell Howell Mich. A FEW cnolcE Holstein 6LFrigsinfr‘i Bull Calves for . ock. GREGORY & BORDEN.a Howell. Michigan. "Olstein BullDCalf.K011lt20nfdgr%1dttiauggt§; 3 d. Bired b best son of Pontiac Butter Bo Pgice onlysfio.y 0. D. WOODBURY. Lansing, Mic F011 SALE—1101.511)“ BULL CALF B June 5. 19 912 sire a son of the Kin of the Pgililtiiacs froma a ndaurghtderd of Hengerveld eKoI. am of calf. daughter of Sadie Vale Oencordia' s Paul DeKol. her dam a201b.i imported cow. ED. 8. LEWI 8.. Marshall, Mich. Purebred Registered 11 .OLSTE IN CATTLE ,. The Greatest Delry Breed Sand for FREE Illustrated Booklet Holsteimrriesien. Auo.. Box I64. Brettleboro.Vt. “Top-Notch” Holsteins. Yearlin bulls all sold. Choice bull calves from 1 to 4mo. olie fashionable breeding and from dams with 'oificisl milk and butter records for sale at reasonable price MePHERSpON isFARMS 00.. Howell. Mlchluen. Service Bulls and Bull Calves Sired by Johanna Garcordla Champion, whose sire's dam and dam’s dam average 34.06 lbs. butter in 7 days, average fat 4.67 % Also cows and heifers bred to him. I can offer you bulls at bargain prices. Try me and see. and do it quick. L. E. CONNELL, Fayette. Bigeluw’s Holstein Farms Breedsville, Mich. . Have for sale several fine young bulls out of cows with high official butter and milk records. Send for circular. OLSTEINS~Oow 11 yr, old. bred Jan. 11. '13. A. R. U. record 18. 74 lbs but3ter 542 8 milk in 7 days. Heifer 16 mo. old. bred Au§.31 ' . Price $125 eath . Bull calves pri( ed to sell. B. Reavey, Akron. Mu h BULL CALVE —-llichest Hengerveld, DeKol and YKoIrndque breedirég. Ohio. Special prices for quick sale. Ypsilanti. Mich. 0016 Bret there, IEGRANDSON of PONTIAC KORNDYKE and AP NART [rs rorn a 191 am. 3200. L (x BEACH FARM Augusta.(KalamazNoo Co )Mich. Fred 8. Kenfleld, Prop. ' ' ' ——young bulls out of A. R. O. Holstcm Frlsflan Clint dams and sired by a bull with a 31 lb. dam. W. B. J0 NES. Oak Grove. Michigan. Owners. x J egistereds Holstein heifer. born Janfi .1912 Mostly R white. Sims 3 nearest dams have7- day butter rec- ords that average 21 lbs. Delivered at y our express mm c for 5125. Write for pedigree. Hobart W. an, Mason. Mich —Bulls ready for service, bred for Jerseys production. Also cows and heifers Brockwater Farm, R. .D. No. 7 Ann Arbor. Mich. FOR Sale.Jersey Bulls, old enough for service, sired by a grand- son of Imp. Interested Prince and from cows that produce 400 to 5001hs. butter annually. A. Newman R1, Mariette, Mich. BUTTER BRED JERSEY BULLS CRYSTAL SPRING STOCKF0 Fl; Silve. Creek. Allegan County. Michigan. At Your Own Price JERSEY BULLS Ready for service and younger calves. Strong well grown and the' best of breeding both sides. All re tered stock. They will be sold'to the parties send in highest bid on or before Mhrch 1st. 1913. Write for discription and other informAtion and on receipt fsame pick out your bull and send your bid to FISHERTON FARM, Pontiac, Michigan. Lillie Farmstead Jerseys (Tuberculln tested. Guaranteed free from Tuber- culosis.) Several good bulls and bull calves out of need dairy cows for sale. No females for sale at present. Satisfaction guaranteed. COLON C. LILLIE. Cooper-swine. Mich. —L C ttl H Milk . liairy Shorthorns Mlii‘i’iectmizr 53132.... 1352. etc k f r 10 at resent. no ° v19 viia KN ADPP,R .No. 4 Watervliet. Mich. for sale. heifers bred to Dual Purpose; ShorthomsB Bo... Rule... No 312245 agrand &Otis Bull also young bulls. sired by him DAVIDSONA AEALL, Tecumseh. Mich. Scotch Shortliorn Bulls and Heifers For Sale. W. W. KNAPP. Howell. Michigan. heifers for [Iainl Brod Skylines—$.78 ’fiifiindoo OOeach. Bulls all sold. MEL Mason, Michigan. ,nate of lead, \farmer credited with . packages, Ellllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll”lIIllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllll||lllIlllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllll0;! F arm Commerce. ElllllIlllllllllllllllllIlllllll|llIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll. ‘lll' llIllllll|lllllllll|||IlllllllllllllllllllllllllI1llIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|IllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll j A Need for Co-opcration. By W. H. Ingling, General Manager Monmouth Co., N. J., Farmers’ Exchange. The yearly output of white potatoes in our county and vicinity is probably from 3,500 to 4,000 cars under normal condi- tions. With this field of operations be- fore us, we could see no reason why our farmers should not sell and distribute their produce, as well as buy. their seed potatoes, grass seed, parls green, arse- all kinds of insecticide solu— tions, baskets and barrels, and manufac- ture their fertilizers, when they could do it at cost. In fact. why not be their own middlemen and save the expense entailed by the old system? So they concluded to do it. HOW we are Organized. Our organization is as follows: We have a board'of directors, elected by the stock- holders annually. The directors appoint the officers and have general supervision over the entire business. Our general office is nearly in the center of the sec— tion in which we operate. \l’e have 30 loading stations that extend about. 3 miles wcst along the Pennsylvania Rail- road and 20 miles east on the Central Railroad of New Jersey. TVs are connect- ed with all of our stations by telephone. and all cities and towns in the- country by long distnnce telephone and \Vestern Union and Postal Telegraph companies. During the heavy shipping season we have a. special office of the “'estern Un- ion Telegraph Company located in our general office. The members deliver their potatoes or other products to our agents at the stations and receive a receipt for them, showing gross, tare and net Weight and they are loaded into the cars for Shipment. The agent, about the- middle of the afternoon, notifies the manager the number of cars he is likely to have load— ed by shipping time, which is about five o‘clock in our territory. The manager and his assistants in the meantime have issued their quotations to all of our salesmen in the principal cities, either by telephone or telegraph, and gen- erally by three o’clock the output of the day has been sold. On a steady market, orders continue. to come until the day closes It frequently occurs when the market is very active that our orders ex- ceed the supply for the day by 30 or 50 cars. ‘ “'hen the business for the day is over, the prices obtained are averaged, and the the average price for the same- grade and variety of stock, no matter Where he may have loaded it. The bills of lading are sent to the gen- eral office, so that the invoices and drafts may be sent out the same night. The price is given to each agent every morn- ing for the goods shipped the day before and the agent notifies the farmers. What we Did. Now, ‘just a word as to the results of our five years’ work. Beginning with a membership of about 300 in 1908, our Ipaid-in capital was $7,000. Our firstyear’s business amounted to $454,414.11. We shipped 1,000 cars, containing 203.938 bar- rels of potatoes and packages of fruit and vegetables. Our seed potato sales were $39,965.45. The saving to our mem- bers was estimated to be $55000. In our second year, 1909, the amount of business was $508,504.74—nn increase of $54,140.63. The shipments were about 1,200 cars, containing 214,731 packages of potatoes, fruit and vegetables. Our sales for seed potatoes were larger than 1908, and our fertilizer sales about $20,000. Our membership increased to 500 and the cap- ital stock to $31,275, and the net: profit amounted to $6,702.53. A dividend of five per cent was paid. It is estimated that our members realized at least $60000 more for their products because of the influence of the Exchange. Our third year, 1910, We shipped 485,488 about 2,575 cars, more than twice as many as the year before, and 39.818 more than 1908 and 1909 combined. Our total sales were $917,562.64. We handled 20,000 barrels of seed potatoes, an increase of 7,000 barrels, and paid our memberstm average of 49 cents per bushel for their potatoes for the season. Our fertilizer sales were 2,200 tons, val- ued at $63. 000, an increase of 800 tons, all mixed in our factmies from the best ma- terials that can be bought, and without a pound of filler of any kind. Our mem- bers, besides getting goods of the highest grade, obtained.them at a saving of $2 to $6per tons Our membership increased to 800 and the capital stock to $49,370. The net profits were $12,552.15. A divi- dend of five per cent was paid. The di- rect and indirect influence of the Ex- change no doubt netted our membership at least $100,000 more than they would have received without it. Our shipments for the fourth year, 1911, were about 2,518 carloads, containing 487,280 packages, an increase of 1.792, notwithstanding our potato yield was about 20 per cent less than in 1910. Our sales of fertilizers were 3,233 tons, valued at $100000, an increase of 1,233 tens. Our seed potato business was about 27,000 bar- rels, valued at $85,000, an increase of 7,000 barrels over 1910. Our total bus- iness was $1,499.500.99, exceeding 1910 by $581.938.35, and 1908, our. first year, by $1,045,086.88. The average price paid the farmer for his potatoes, including round and long stook, was 89 cents per bushel. It is estimated that the farmers received at least $125,000 more because of the in- fluence of the Exchange. The- capital stock had now reached $74,245, and the membership roll was 1,075. For 1912, we estimate that' our ship- ments will be about 2,400 curs, although the yield per acre was 15 to 20 per cent less than last year, owing to extreme dry weather during our growing season. The sales for fertilizer were 4,209 tons, valued zit $128000, an increase of 976 tons. Our *seed potato business will be about 28,000 barrels, an increase 'of 1,000 barrels, with a value of $98,000. Because of the lower prices obtained for our products this year, the amount of business will not total as much as last year, probably a little less than a. million dollars. Our people realized an average price for their potatoes of 48 cents per bushel, and an extra indirect benefit of at least $100,000. The average price paid our farmers for the five years of our existence is 61 cents per bushel for their potatoes. Never in the history of potato growing in our sec- tion has anything like this average for a group of five years been paid under the old system. Our membership has in- creased to 1,227 and our capital stock is $75,175. The uSual dividend of five per cent will be paid on January 1, 1913. The financial condition of our Exchange to— day is: Capital stock .................... $75,175.00 Surplus ............... . . . ...... 17,182.47 Undivided profits 7,612.75 Total ........ . ................. $99,970.22 Our equipment for running this busi- ness is the general office, supplied with on adding machine, typewriter, all neces- sary filing and copying devices. At each of our leading stations we have an office building and a set of wagon scales. TVe have also three large fertilizer ware- houses, with about 21,500 square feet of floor spncc, situated in such a way that most of our membership can reach them without having to freight their goods. \Ve think this department is one of the most important we have, as by mixing our fertilizers we can give the farmer the very best grade of goods at the lowest price. 'W‘c have endeavored by this brief out- line of the principle of co-operalion to show what it will accomplish for the pro— ducer if honestly applied, 11nd have held 11p some practical examples of its appli- catiOn and what it has accomplished for the farmers in the different sections where it has been tried. Our suggestion in closing is, ‘10 thou and do likewise.” THE NOMID SYSTEM—A PLAN FOR DISTRIBUTING FARM PRODUCTS. Chapter Vlll.—lnformation on Handling Special Products. It is the purpose of this chapter to give information 011 preparing and delivering those products commonly sold by the direct method. It must not be inferred from limiting the instructions to the or- dinary farm products that the possibility 0f direct buying and selling ends there, for the plan is as broad as are selling and buying taken in their most compre- hensive meaning. It is impossible to em- phnsize too strongly the importance of confidence between parties where direct dealing is attempted and that it may be quickly established marketing these pro- ducts that personal experience enables one to absolutely know are» up to stan- dard is the prudent course to follow. \Vhen business re ' s are once estab- lished with customers, 1 is then best to branch out into other lines of marketing, since each party will have the necessary confidence in the other, making easy the introduction of new products in the list of sales. Eggs—Demand For. Every household uses a quantity of eggs. The average city family will re- quire from two to three dozen per week and, figured on this basis, each family will demand from 100 to 150 dozen in the course of :1, year. “'here good eggs can be secured throughout the season the amount used is: naturally increased. It appears, then, that: on the average two or three city families Vvill consume what an ordinary farmer will produce. \Vhere shipments of twelve dozen are made ev- ery two weeks it is almost always pos- sible to arrange for cons-f-gning the eggs to one of the panties who will distribute the eggs to and collect from the other or others. The amount produced and the amount consumed, as wet-1 as the method of delivery, will. determine largely the particular arrangements for conducting the business, but the average family consumption is sufficiently large to make it economical to ship so frequently that fresh and wholesome eggs may be had at all times. Kind of Poultry to Keep. A good laying strain of hens is indis— pensable- to the highest success. A more uniform grade of eggs will be received from such stock than from mongrels and the cost of production is certain to be lower where the hens have been selected for their laying qualities. The increased interest 11nd attention that naturally go out to the we'll-bred fowls are potent factors in the business of producing eggs for a direct trade: The Quarters Should be Clean. If the reader is not already apprised of the advantage of keeping his poultry premises sanitary he is certain to be con- vinced of its importance before he has carried on a direct trade for any consid- el'able time, since he will find consum- ers more particular as to the condition in which the products are produced than the ordinary middleman. The place where unsanitary conditions will do the greatest damage to one’s trade' and where atten- tion will bring the largest reward is the nests. Filth in them will surely result in a poor quality eggs being produced. VVhlle such eggs may be fit for immedi- ate consumption they will soon go wrong if held, for ge-rms in the dirt will pass through the porous shells and contami- nate the contents. Some fine chaff is perhaps the best material to use in the nests. It should be replaced often. It should also be. stated under this head that hens need to be kept free from ver— min. The presence of these mites will reduce the income from the flock. The Number of Nests. It is important that a sufficient num- ber of nests be provided for the hens. Lack of nests causes the hens to go into the barn, about the stacks, 0111‘ into the grass, fence corners, and other out-of the-way places to lay. Also where fow'ls have too few nests they crowd in these few, break the eggs that have been laid, and get them dirty, thus reducing their market value. . About one nest for every four hens will give sufficient accommo— dation for the fowls. Eggs Gathered Often. There is nothing that a producer can do that will advance his trade faster in the confidence of his patrons than having every egg fresh when delivered and the producer can be certain that he sends such goods only when he gathers his eggs frequently and regularly. They should, at least, be gathered twice each day for the greater part of the. year. It is the practice of many poultrymen to date the eggs with an indelible mark so the consumer can know the exact day on which the eggs were laid. This is agood practice, especially where the eggs are to pass thrOugh the hands of a middle— man, but in selling direct the producer knOWS if the eggs are good or not and that he is responsible should they prove to be unsatisfactory, so the .troublemeod not be taken unless one is seeking to gain - .ernment rep-ran! m. 15, 1913. new! customers and wishes by, this means to secure their confidence. conditions for Keeping Eggs. Many eggs are spoiled because they are improperly kept while waiting to be de- livered. It is not uncommcm to see eggs put in a receptacle near the stove where conditions for spoiling are ideal. They should be kept in a cool“ dry place. Cel- lars are usually cool but they are not always dry, and most house cellars hava ‘too few windows and no provision for ventilation. These should be provided if the eggs are to be stored in them. Sorting and Grading. On every farm and poultry ranch there will .be some eggs produced that are dirty and small. These should be used at home if possible, and only the clean, average sized ones sold. Better satisfac- tion will result, while the unqualified eggs will serve the home demand In ev— ery particular. - As a general rule, one should not attempt to Wash dirty eggs. The water destroys the “bloom" over the SurfaCe of the shell and also that attrac- tive appearance characteristic of fresh eggs. The pores of the shell are also opened up by the water, making it easier for bacteria to gain entrance. If, how- ever, one wishes to clean the eggs, try to remove the dirt first with a dry cloth, and next with one made .but slightly damp, Should both of these fail, then wash in pure warm water, free from al- kali, soap, or cleaning preparations of any kind. 'By using warm water the egg dries quickly, an important feature. For the ordinary trade it is not always necessary to grade eggs for color and size; but the practice is a good one to follow if one has an output large enough to make it. possible. There are three grades for color: Brown, gray and white. The “browns" include eggs ranging from light golden brown to a-reddls-h cast; “whites" embrace those slightly tinted, in fact, few eggs are ever of a dead- white, and “grays” take in eggs of all colors between the “browns" and the “whites.” Eggs are also graded as to size. Two, or three grades may be made: Large and small, or large, medium and small. Medium-sized eggs should weigh from25 to 28 ounces per dozen. Those weighing more are large and those weighing less should be graded as small. \‘i'here eggs are sold in crates with a standard-sized compartment for each eggs. small eggs show up badly and should either be sold at a reduction or used at home. as sug- gested above. Extra large eggs may break in shipping. Packing the Eggs. The method of delivery determines the manner of packing. Where eggs are de- livered by the producer's rig, they can be taken in bulk and the required num- ber counted out at the door. .-\. better way, where the party takes a certain amount each week, is no put the eggs in containers that hold one or two dozen. and deliver. Such a delivery is more business-like and app is much heater when properly (lone- t is necessary to use strong crates when delivery is made by common carriers aslfi‘Ie ordinary crates or cases are not satisfactory for deliv- cring eggs by the direct selling method. They will hold up when carefully packed in a car close together, but when sent alone by express such cases do not stand the test. On the market may be found different styles of crates designed for just the purpose. They-arc strong and made in several sizes that will meet the wuni’s of a’l patrons. Frequently where shippers. have 1"er ulai customers, the name and address of each customer is printed upou the crate in which his eggs are delivered. This care will insure the crate reaching its destination. Fillers should be clean. Eggs of the same size and color should be packed together, if grading is practiced. If the order is too small to allow filling the case full. the remainder of the space must be packed to keep the eggs from being broken by the contents jamming within the case. Seal the case so that its contents may not be removed without detection, and mark the name of the consignee (the party to whom the goods are sent) and his address plainly. Delivering. Vi'hile it may seem a matter of little import, the exposure during the journey from the farm to the electric line, or rail- road station oI‘Ien does much to rob good eggs of their keeping quality. Eggs should be ken; cool and dry. The gov- 3, instances where eggs being carricd in the rear end of car- riages, were. 3,:088d to the direct rays ofrthe sun. ‘..I~ommon practice), and a. thermometer finned upon the'top of the case register: 106 degrees F. Such a. - THE MICHT‘GAN 'FARMER temperature hastens decompomnon 'and must be avoided by the progressive man. At the station or anywhere that expo- sure to heat may occur precautions should be taken to protect the shipment. As stated above, eggs should be kept in a cool dry place to retain their quali- ties best. and these conditions should be maintained by the consumer when he receives the shipment, for the eggs will retain their freshness longer. co-o’pERATIVE INSTITUTIONS IN CANADA. According to the 1912 report of the Dominion Fruit Division, there are 86 co-operative fruit growers’ associations in Canada—ten in British Columbia, 46 in Ontario, six in Quebec, 23 in NOVa Sco- tia, and one in Prince Edward Island. It is probable that in this number many efficient associations are omitted. The number indicates, however, the rapid progress of the movement in that coun- try which is due to the many advantages that co-operation offers. Experience and helpful legislation is certain to clear the way for more efficient and general ser- vice from these institutions. CROP AND MARKET NOTES. Livingston Co, Feb. 17.—VVeI have been having good snug winter weather for the past three weeks, with scarcely any snow on the ground and while it is too early Io tell what damage has been done to wheat and clover, it has no doubt suf- fered materially. Stock is going to mar- ket as soon as it is in condition. the mar- ket being satisfactory to feeders this winter. Not much grain moving on ac— count of the easy tone of the market. Considerable building will be done this year. Help will be very scarce this year, farmers are offering from $30 to $40 per month and board. It has been an exceptionally good winter to work in the woods and farmers haVe been making the best of it in getting up their wood supply early. Shiawassee 60., Feb. 11.—Strong pre— vailing Winds from the south and west and snow fiurrics. Very little work be- ing done on the farm except hauling out manure, getting up the winter's supply «:f wood and marketing baled hay. A few fII'meI-s in this locality still think it prof- itable to sell hay, but they are gradually becoming fewer in number. The large portion of the marketable clover hay is purchased by sheep feeders and convert- cd into mutton and manure. Farmers are very slow about moving beams on ac- count of the decline in the market: Now and then a farmer is selling barley and oats and some wheat. Potato growers seem in no hurry to open pits. Some growers, however, fear heavy loss from rot. Farmers are very slow about sign— ing beet contracts, believing that other crops are more profitable at present prices. A few apple growers are market- ing a part of their store crop, selling (hieiin-o home customcrs. Fnrmers seem well pleased with the» milk busincss this winter, receiving as high as $1.70 per cwl. Mecosta 00., Feb. 14.—February has been. until today, one stormy period. The wind has blown from the northwest nearly all the time, making it very disa- greeable, even though it was not so very cold. That is, the thermometer only registered two degrees below zero for the co'dest weather here. Haven't had any sleighing as yet this winter. The ground is entierly bare. which has no doubt damaged the full seeding to quite an extent. Potatoes are mostly in the f'armcrs’ hands and still holding on for higher prices. They are quoted at 320 now. Lots of buy and hard to dispose of at any pr“lce. Butter-fat is quoileId at 340, and butter from 22c to 280. per pound, cggs 220 per (oxen. Not much live stock loft for shipping this season, as there lras been about 75 cars shipped out dur- ing the past year. Newaygo 00., Feb. 14.-January was a. rather mild month, not very cold and not much sleighing. It has bcen a hard winter on all kinds of fall seeding. Po- tatoes still low in price, with lots in the farmers’ hands. February so far has been much colder than the fore part of the Winter. which will probably help the potato market some. Not much doing on the farm. Wheat, new, 85c; old, 950; catS, 35c; corn, shelled, 600 per bu; rye. 45c; buckwheat, per cwt., $1.30; eggs, 22c; butter, 28c; pork, live, 7c; dressed. 9c; chickens. 10c; beef. live, 2@4c; sheep, 2%(6i‘3l/2c; weal. @SI/QC; hay, $10@12; beans, red, $1.75: white, $1.75; potatoes. 300; butter—fat, 37c. Ohio, Wayne Co., Feb. 13.——The- weather has been quite cold all through this month, with the thermometer hovering close to zero nearly all the month so far, and the ground almost bare. The weather is very hard on wheat, there being not enough snow to protect it and a cold wind blowing. Lots of auction sales. Horses and cattle selling high. Horses bringing from $90@250. Milch cows are bringing from 33061375. Stock in general looking good. as rough feed is plentiful. \Vheat, $1. 05; cats, 320; corn, 52c per bu; eggs, 23c. Don’t let your subscription to I The Michigan Farmer expire. It' now only costs you 50 cents a year, $1.00 for two years, $1.25 for three years, and $2.00 for five Years. It is a necessity for the home of every farmer in Michigan and, it is the . lowest priced necessity there is. 33—249 FEELYOIINGER AND WORK BETTIE V"! IN on PPID ;fzomm ippod Months-prim: work he in MT ill but all camp. nourishment from their ill let and better. quickly, be more sally“ generally —-thst m to They will dry of!— and feel better mm STEWART.” BALI. BEARING CLIP'PIIG II’MA'GI'IINE so—but a highly profitable Invest- ltotno expel: meat. lttufnsuslly. dour-Ion Our-oi -—p'rotected I.uId run in oil. ltyioouy runnin Stuart‘s Single- ension Clipping flood. You can make money clipping your Iotahbon' better work. . If fltdgosn‘tllvo' ‘ .m Anyybo perfect sstisfaotcion, returns If, on get you run It “I ‘1‘, ”without “nun: (“half horses while yours will do Each mac hIno [II-nu outlawed money from your dealer at If he can‘t supply you send I100 and we will ship one D.tor balance. \Q ciumo ram: 115 EOE“ A". “up. I. and closer work than my other machine—an 't get out of order. hard and out from solid steel bar Includes 0 foot new flexible shaft and celebrated Stewart No. 9 Ball Bearing Shoarlng Machine Is a NI! profit device. Gives lie to 400 more from ouch shot You know ti: 9 also 0! your floc concurs our profit and you'll find the mac Inc will more than pay for Itselnt ”um All ‘ ‘l: Barn Work in Half catalogue Cut Your Hard, Disagreeable HA R R [S Litter and Feed Carriers Our-WOOD LINED STEEL STANCHIONS are easiest to operate and most comfortable for the cow. Write at. once for large FREE It shows you how to PR SANITARY MILK at. one-half the expense with HARRIS BARN EQUIPMENT. HARRIS MFG. 00., I61 Harris Ava, Salem, 0. by using RODUCE for working horses on swamp mg Dumas—Bred sows :20 to 350. Illon guaranteed. 0k, Boats 8mm 8%. PigsF oldB enough to wean $8 to 312 satisfac- .00 R. 2.86anwood, Mi oh land. This one shoe is ad- justable to suit. the size and OUROC JERSEYS—A Few Gills Ioi' Sale C AREY U. EDMONDS. Hastings. Michigan. .shape of any horse's foot. - Patented and manufactured by L. Brigham, Decatur, Mich. Send for circular. D U R00 0. I LTS”§§’II2°E$3208&’§25 ROPE-ICON FARM. Kinderhook. Michigan. Breeders’ Directory—~Coniinued liuroc Jersey 1 ,yoarlexperience. J. H. BANG-HART. pLansing. Mi25c higher; best, 1350 to 1500— lb. steers, $850609; good to prime 1200 to 1300-lb. do., $8@8.40; good to prime 1100 to 1200-lb. do., $7.50@8.15; coarse, p‘lainish, 1100 to 1200-lb, steers. $75061) 7.75; medium butcher steers, 1000 to 1100 lbs... 337611775; butcher steers, 950 to 1000, $7607.50; light butcher steers, $6.256D6.75; best fat cows, $625697; butcher cows, $56i>5.75; light butcher cows, $425605; cutters, $4614.50; trimmers, $375604; best fat heifers, $750608; medium butcher heifers, $650607; light do., $550606; stock heifers, $4614.25: best feeding steers, $662 6.50; light common stockers. $450685; prime export bulls, $650617; best butcher bulls, $6.25@6.50; bologna bulls, $5.25fi6; stock bulls, $4.75@5.50: best milkers and springers, $656175; common to fair kind. $406150. Sheep and Lambs—Receipts. 75 cars. market steady, top lambs, $9.1561925; culls to fair, $6679; yearlings, $7.75osino; wcthers, $6.756F7.25; ewes, $6.256176.50. Calves, $56112. Hogs.-—Receipts_ 100 cars; market ac- tive and 10c higher: heavy, 35860618170; yorkers, $8.706P8.75; pigs, $8.55@8.80. Chicago. February 17, 1913. Cattle. Hogs Sheep. today ..... 22,000 45,000 30,000 Same day last year..28..083 62,447 28,324 Received last week..39,060 169,824 93,790 Same week last year-55,009 201.362 102.131 After the recent meager receipts of cattle the week opened today active at strong to 10c higher prices, with only a few prime enough to bring $875619. Hogs were active and strong, with plenty of late sales 5c higher, sales for the day ranging at $7.95678.40. Hogs marketed last weck averaged 228 lbs., against 217 lbs. a year ago, 232 lbs. two years ago and 212 lbs. three ycars ago. Sheep were steady today, but buyers were bidding lowcr 0n lambs, with the receipts cm- bracing but a small proportion of lambs. There was a moderate showing of feed- ers. After a long period during which the cattle market was dull and weak for the greater portion of the time, the cheaper class of steers and butcher stock except- ed. a gratifying improvement took place last week, due in part to the change re- tent’ly to cold weather, but largely at- tributable to the small receipts for weeks in succession. \Vithin a week the aver- age prices of cattle have Illauved up 25611 40c, and the almost total absence of strictly prime long-fed beeves ls accentu- atcd by the sale last \Vednesday of 14 head of 1400—11). steers at $9.25, the sole transaction for the week above- $9. The big share of the steer sales for the week were at $7.5061850, with good cattle bringing $8.30 and upward and choice beeves quotable at $8.75 and over, while ordinary to fair light—weights went at $6.65617.75. Medium to good warmed-up steers brought: $7.80618.25, and good to choice yearlings sold for $861860, while butcher lots of cows and heifers were active at $4.606127.60, a few prime heifers going as sigh as $8. Cutters went at 9541061450. canners at $3614 and bulls at $4.50@7. The stocker and feeder trade was very good on the whole, despite the advanced prices, drawing and refusing to follow higher quotations. Furthermore, frequently outbid country buyers where feeder stock carried considerable flesh. Stockers 'went at 5556061750 and feeders of considerable weight at $6.906’o7.75. Prices for these cattle have within a short time reached high figures never before seen, and purchases around top figures look risky, although it is well known that there is a great shortage of up the killers cattle in feeding districts. Calves sold freely, bringing $8.7561i10.25 for light vealers, while the coarse heavy calves sold around $4.5061‘8. Milkers and spring- ers sold better at $456185 each. Hogs made a new high mark last week. continued inadequate receipts here and at other leading packing points resulting in putting prices up to the highest level recorded in four months. The eastern shipping demand was unusually good, and there was lively competition between 10- ‘cal packers. speculators and shippers for _the.choicer consignments. As has been the rule of late, the best demand was for prime light-weights, and these brought the highest’ prices, with strong weight pigs selling at very high figures for the fresh pork trade. The .dearness of beef, as well as advanced prices in the retail the most conspicuous' intending buyers with? Lambs and sheep have been marketed here and elsewhere of late much less freely than several weeks ago, and de- spite reactions in prices frequently, due to the. unwillingness of packers to buy freely at top figures, values still stand very much higher than in former years. All the time the best demand by far is for lat lambs of medium weight, with the heavier lambs and yearlings strongly discriminated against by buyers. Ex- tremely few feederrs are offered for sale, as the incentive is strong for finishing off st'oek in good shape, and desirable feeding lambs naturally command ex- tremely high prices. Colorado and other western lambs are held in large numbers in railway and feed lots near here and are being marketed as soon as fat, pro- vided market conditions are favorable. Lambs and sheep closed the week about 250 higher than a week earlier, lambs going at $6.756D9.15, yearlings at $675618, wethers at $6636.60, ewes at $3.7561.5.85 and bucks at $4604.25. Horses showed more activity and firm- ness last week. with smaller offerings for several days» and an increased attendance of buyers, particularly from easternsec- trons of the country. Demand was chief— ly for farm chunks, with sales usually at $14061210 per head, and -choice mares were too few to go around. Very attrac- tive drafters sold around $17560225, while wagon horses were salable at 5316061250. Choice to extra heavy draft horses were worth $250613300. with very few prime ones on the market. Drivers were quot- ed at $1006i200 and not Very active. and inferior thin animals were poor sellers around $756190. . LIVE STOCK NEws. There is a strong inquiry for good breeding swine of the various descrip- tions, including Poland-Chinas, Berk- shires, Yorkshires, Tamworth and Duroc Reds, with an especially large call for a breed of hogs that will reach a weight of from 22:3 to 300 pounds when nine months old. Feed lots near Chicago are holding large numbers of Colorado and other western grown sheep and lambs, and they are marketed as fast as they become fat enough. The market calls for fat lambs and yearlings of medium weights, and heavy lots are selling less satisfactorily. In various quarters farmers are begin- ning to see what they can do in breeding choice sheep. A prominent sheep seller at the Chi- cago stock yards connected with a com- mission house that does an exclusive sheep business, selling for sheepmen, as well as buying feeders and breeders for shipment: to sheep districts, says: “The demand for feeders of all kinds is extra. good. It is probably safe to say that there are orders here in the yards for 300 or 400 cars of lambs. while only one or two cars of feeders are going to the country in the course of a week. Every- one is hoping there will be more feeders come to market, but from what we can gather, it looks as if. there will be less marketed during the next three months than we ever had at this season of the year. Most of the hay—fed lambs that usually come to market to be resold and taken to the country are going on feed. the owners preferring to feed them out themselves rather than to sell this year, and while we are getting some feeding lambs, the packers are buying them for slaughter at much higher prices than the feeders want to pay. ()wing to the fact that there is solittle stock on feed east of here, we are very bullish and think our eastern friends should buy some lambs, even if prices are high." A good demand has started up in the Chicago stock yards fOr good cows and heifers adapted for breeding purposes, and buying orders are coming from far and near, including the southwest, in numerous insrances entire car loads be- ing strongly wanted. Similar reports come from other important live sock markets, while breeders of the various breeds of cattle are receiving inquiries for bulls and cows. It is evident that many farmers are waking up to the fact that they can no longer depend on the other fellows for supplying them with feeders for finishing, the feeder supply bcmg a small affair to what it was half- a—dozen years or so ago. The ranges are gotng out of existence as a large source of supply, ,and Texas is building silos extensively and preparing to feed its own cattle largely, inStead of furnishing other parts of the country with thin cat- tie. Of course, there are plenty of high- priced breeders of the several breeds. but the average stockman is not willing to pay the prices asked by breeders of Angus, Galloway, Hereford and other breeds, and this accounts for the grow- ing orders for breeders received by live Stock commission houses. It is unfortu- nate that the unusually high market prlcles offered for female cattle have drawn such large numbers to market, where they have been kil-led for beef, and it'is also regrettable that'simi‘lar‘causes have resulted in“ the slaughter of many thousands of good calves that would have made choice ,beeves had they been re- tained on farms long enough; _« I 1 "gm—5. ‘72. .. auph O FEB 7 22. 1911a,, Thus 18 THE LAST EDITION. In the first edition the Detroit ’Live sto’ck markets are reports of last week; all other markets are right up to date. Thursday’s Detroit Live Stock markets are glitch in the last edition. The first edition is mailed Thursday, the last edi- tion Friday morning. The first edition is mailed to those who care more to get the paper early than they do, for Thursday’s Detroit Live Stock market report. You may have any edition desired. Subscrib- ers may change from one edition to an- other by dropping us a card to that effect. DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKETS. Thursday's Market. February 20, 1913. Cattle. Receipts, 1251. Market du-il at Wed- nesday or last week’s prices. We quote: Best steers, $8@8.20; steers and heifers, 1000 to 1200, $7@7.50; do. 800 to 1000, $6.25@6.75; do. that are fat, 500 to 700, $4.75@6; choice fat cows, $6@ 6.50; good do., $5@5.50; common do., $4,@ 4.50; canners, $3.50@4; choice heavy bulls $6@.6.50; fair to 'good bolognas, bulls, $5.50@5.75; stock bulls, $450615; choice feeding steers, 800 to 1000, $6@6.50; fair do], 800 to 1000,'$5.50@5.75‘; choice stock- ers, 500 to 700, $5.50@6; fair stockers, 500 to 700, $5635.50; mllkers, large, young. medium age, $50@65; common milkers, $30@45. -Bishop, B. & H. sold Hammond, S. & Co, 2 COWs av 1175 at $5.85, 1 do weigh- ing 980 at $6, 2 steers av 1235 at $3.10, 7 do av 771 at $6.90, 2 cows,av 800 at $4.50; to Mich. B. Co. 2 cows av 1080 at $6, 24 steers av 910 at $7.25, 2 do av 500 at $5, 11 do av 735 at $6.25, 4 cows av 895 at $5.25, 5 do av 1076 at $5.50, 1 bull weighing 1180 at $6.40; to Rattkowsky 3 cows av 1033 at $5.50, 1 do weighing 750 at $4.25, 5 steers av 388 at $5; to Ratt- kowsky 1 cow weighing 1480 at $6.50, 1 do weighing 1130 at $5; ‘to Sullivan 1‘. Go. 1 do weighing 910 at $4, 4 steers, av 997 at $7.25, 5 COWS and bulls av 85:) at $6. 12 stockers av 620 at $5.50, 7 butchers av 764 at $4.50, 4 canners av 750 at $3.80, 1 cow weighing 910 at $4.25, 10 butchers av 784 at $5.80, 4 cows av 980 at $4.50, 3 ‘ steers av 953 at $7, 1 bull weighing 1430 at $6.25; to Mason B. Co. 11 steers av 870 at $7.10, 3 cows av 1080 at $6.10; to Parker, "W. & Co. 24 butchers av 810 at $6.50, 2 bulls av 1140 at $6.25, 8 steers av 970 at $7.50; to Thompson Bros. 10 cows av 961 at $4.75, 1 do weighing 930 at $3.75; to Arndt 6 steers av 1111 at $7.75. Haley & M. sold Sullivan P. Co. 1 cow weighing 620 at $4, 4 do av 1105 at $4.60. 1 bull weighing 780 at $5.75, 3 steers av 707 at $6.50, 1 do weighing 650 at $6.35, 7 do av 824 at $7.25, 2 bulls av 1010 at $6.15, 10 butchers av’783 at $6.80; to Goose 5 cows av 1028 at $4.75, 1 do weighing 580 at $4.25; to Kamman R. Co. 1 heifer weighing 780 at $6.75; to Schur- man 8 steers av 866 at $7.40; to Kamman B. CO. 1 heifer weighing 750 at $6.25, 2 do av 605 at $5; to Goose 8 cows av 975 at $4.85; to Bresnahan 5 heifers av 560 at $6; to Sullivan P. Co. 2 steers av 800 at $5.75, 1 do weighing 1040 at $7.25, 1 bull weighing 1290 at $6.25, 5 cows av 1074 at $5.75, 1 bull weighing 1180 at $6.25; to Nagle P. Co. steers av 1025 at $7.65; to Goose 12 cows av 1012 at $4.85; to Breitenbeck 15 butchers av 903 at $6.90, 3 cows av 1057 at $4.80; to Thompson Bros 4 steers av 635 at $5.70, 1 cow weighing 680 at $4.50, 1 do weigh- ing 800 at $3.75. Sundry sales to Mich. B. Co. 9 butch- ers av 798 at $6.15, 21 do av 766 at $6.7 , 5 do av 747 at $5.50, 1 cow weighing 10 0 at $4.50, 14 bui'chers' av 847 at $6.50; to \Vyness 13 do av 788 at $6.85, 2 cows av 810 at $4.80, 3 do av 1023 at $5.65; to Rattkowsky 1 bull weighing 1130 at $7; 10 Thompson Bros. 3 steers av 900 at $7, 2 bulls av 900 at $6; to Hammond, S. Co. 1 bull weighing 1520 at $6.25; to New- ton B. Co. 14 bulchers av 961 at $6.50; to Heinrich 10 steers av 932 at $7.50; to Goose 4 cows av 967 at $4.90; to Mich. B. Co. 11 butchers av 880 at $6, 1 cow weighing 1100 at $4.50, 3 do av 927 at $5.50, 1 steer weighing 800 at $7; to Parker, W. & Co. 3 canners av 970 at $3.75; to Kamman B. Co. 6 steers av 760 at $6.75, 4 do av 725 at $6.50,. 5 do av 856 at $7, 1 do weighing 590 at $6, 3 cows av 1133 at $5.25; to Breitenbeck 5 do av 944 at-$5, 5 do av 1072 at $5. Roe Com. Co. sold to Mich. B. Co. 1 bull weighing 470 at $5.50, 4 cows av 1175 at $6, 1 do weighing 1010 at $4.50, 2 do av 1015 at $4, 11 butchers av 744 at $6.40, 4 do av 1045 at $6. 9 do av 806 at $6.65, 5 cows av 726 at $5, 16 steers av 974 at $7.25, 1 do weighing 820 at $5.50; to Bresnahan 1 heifer weighing 650 at $5.25, 5 canncrs av 844 at $4; to Breitenbeck 1 cow weighing 820 at $4.50; to Kamman B. Co. 5 butchers av 908 at $6.25, 1 steer weighing 1070 at: $7.50, 2 cows av 1015 at $5.60, 18 butchers av 740 at $6.70; to Rattkowsky 2 cows av 1090 at $5.10; to Thompson Bros. 2 do av 1075 at $4.75, 1 do weighing 960 at $4, 1 heifer weighing 450 at $5.50; to VVyness 1 bull weighing 1440 at $6.50; to Newton B. Co. 2 cows av 955 at $4.90; to Parker, W. & C0. 7 steers av 1000 at $7.50. .. Veal Calves. Receipts}, 565. Market steady at Wed- nesday and laSt week’s prices. Best, $9.50@11; others, $6@8.50; milch cows and springers, good grades strong, com- mon dull. Roe Com. Co. sold Thompson Bros. 1 weighing 150 at $11, 1 weighing 120 at $7; to Goose 7 av 110 at $9; to Nagle P. Co..13 av 130 at $10; to Goose 3 av 125 at $7; to Nasle P. Co. 13 av 135 at $10.50, 7 av 150 ax V1050. Sundry sshs‘to Sullivan P. Go. 6 av 145 at $10.50; to Mich. B. Co. 6 av 170 at $10, 2 av 120 at $9.50; to Newton B. Co. 2 av 110 at $9, 2 av 145 at $10.50, 3 av 150 at $10; to Rattkowsky 2 av 135 at $10. Haley & 111. sold Rattkowsky 4 av 120 at $8.50, 7 av'130'at $10, ,2 av 95 at $8, THE MIC HIGAN Far. M ER 2 av 120_at $10. 1 weighing 110 at $8; to Thompson Bros. 1 weighing 170 at $11; to Newton E. Co. 2 av 115 at $10, I weigh- ing 100 at $8; to Rattkowsky 2 av 140 at $10.75, 2 av 130 at $6. 1 weighing 140 at $10.75; to Schlrer 9 av 120 at $9.30; to Goose 8 av 155 at $10.50. Bishop, B. & H. sold Parker, ”W“. & Co. 2 av 120 at $10.50. 1 Weighing 160 at $11, 5 av 125 at $9.75. 9 av 155 at $10, 1 weighing 120 at $8, 13 av 130 at $10, 2 av 140 at $11; to Goose 5 av 115 at $8. 1 weighing 200 at $7.50, 3 av 95 at $6.50; to Thompson Bros. 4 av 130 at $10.50, 4 av 125 at $8; to Newton B. Co. 5 av 125 at $10; to Hammond, S. & Co. 9 av 150 at $10, 4 av 105 at $8, 6 av 140 at $10.50; to McGuire 2 av 125, at $10. 2 av 140 at $11, 1 weighing 110 at $8, 18 av 135 at $10, 1 weighing 170 at $8, 3 av 140 at $10.50; to Goose 6 av 135 at $8.50; to Burnstlne 8 av 140 at $10.50, 16 av 135 at $10. 3 av 140 at $8.50, 11 av 145 at $10; to Hammond, S. & CO. 11 av 150 at $10.50, 2 av 170 at $11. Sheep and Lambs. Receipts, 5217. Sheep 25c higher than last week; lambs $106015c lower than on “'ednesday or last week‘s opening. Best lambs, $8.50; fair 'lambS, $864825; light to common lambs, $66,116.50; fair to good sheep, $5@5.75; culls and common, $36.!) 3.50; western yearlings, $8618.25. Bishop, B. & H. sold Nagle P. Co. 834 western yoarlings av 90 at $8.25, 43 do av 95 at $8.25, 79 lambs av 65 at $7.50, 17 doav 65 at $7.50, 200 do av 75 at $8.50; to Swift & Co. 65 do av 88 at $8.70, 40 do av 78 at $8.60, 24 sheep av 95 at $4.75, 2'» sheep av 100 at $4.50, 227 'lambs av 75 at $8.75; to Mich. B. Co. 9 do av 50 at $6, 16 do av 58 at $7, 27 do av 55 at $6.50; to Youngs 41 d0 av 63 at $8, 137 do av 75 at $8.40. 27 do av 78 at $8.25, 28 do av 80 at $8.40, 8 do av 70 at $8.25; to Sullivan P. Co. 32 do av 58 at $7.25, 16 sheep av 90 at $4.75, 15 lambs av 40 at $5.50; to Mich. B. CO. 70 do av 55 at $7; to Kirk 85 feeders av 52 at $6.75, 39 do av 45 at $6.25. Haley & M. sold Yvoungs 59 lambs av 70 at $8.40; to Bray 12 do av 95 at $8.50, 15 do av 90 at $8.50, 10 do av 56 at $7, 10 do av 80 at $8.50; to Thompson Bros. 16 sheep av 85 at $4.25; to Newton B. CO. 10 lambs av 51 at $7.50, 68 do av 78 at $8.70; to Harland 23 sheep av 120 at $5.50. Sundry sales to Mich, B. Co. 85 lambs av 70 at $8, 20 sheep av 105 at $5. 7 do av 87 at $3.50, '8 do av 125 at $3.50, 49 lambs av 80 at $8.35; to Youngs 69 do av 75 at $8.75; to Bray 21 sheep av 95 at $4.60; to Hammond, S. & Co. 19 lambs av 70 at $8.50; to Bray 22 yearlings av .00 at $7.25, 14 sheep av 125 at $5; to Sullivan P, Co. 21 lambs av 75 at $8.35. Roe Com. Co. sold Thompson Bros. 22 sheep av 85 at $4, 13 do av 105 at $4, 18 do av 50 at $7; to Nagle P. Co. 108 do av 75 at $8, 1 sheep weighing 110 at $5.50; to Barlage 23 do av 105 at $4.50, 18 lambs av 55 at $7.50. , Hogs. Receipts, 3289. Pigs 10@150 lower than last week; others 100 lower than last week; none sold up to noon. Range of prices: Light to good but'ch- crs. $8.35((i'8.40; pigs, 9840612850; light yorkers, $8.3561‘8.40; stags one-third off. Bishop. B. & ll. sold Parker, W. & Co. 900 av 160 at $8.40, 710 av 200 at! $8.35, 105 av 240 at $8.30. Spicer & R. sold Hammond, S. & Co. 150 av 160 at $8.40, 220 av 190 at $8.35. Haley & M. sold same 270 av 185 at .8.40. $ Roe Com, Co. sold Sullivan P. Co. 225 av 190 at $8.35. _ Friday’s Market. February 14, 1913. Cattle. Receipts this week, 1102; last week, 1761. Market strong at Thursday’s prices: Best steers, $7.75; steers and heifers, 1000 to 1200, $6.75fir7.50; do. 800 to 1000, 86.25613675; do. that are fat, 500 to 700, $550616; choice fat cows, $6606.50; good do., $5615.50; common do., $4604.50; canners. $350614; choice heavy bulls, $6 @650; fair to good bologna bulls, $5.506!) 5.75; stock bulls, $450615; choice feeding Steers, 800 to 1000. $661625; fair feeding steers, 800 to 1000, $5.500i.‘5.75; choice Stockers, 500 to 700, $5.50@6; fair stock- 500 to 700, $5625.50; milkers, large, ers, ‘ _ young, medium age, $5061.69; common milkcrs, $30@45. Veal Calves. Receipts this week, 659; last week, 625. Market steady at Thursday's prices. Best $1061.11; others, $4@9.50; milch cows and cpringers steady. Sheep and Lambs. Receipts this week, 5961; last week, 5790. Market steady at Thursday's prices. Best lambs, 5587570890; fair do., $8.25Q1850; light to common do., $6.75@ 7.50: yearlings, $8; fair to good sheep, $5605.50; culls and common, $3@3.50. Hogs. Receipts this week. 4791; last week, 5171. Market 1501‘200 lower than on Thursday. Light to good butchers, $8.30; pigs, $8.50: light, yorkers, $8.30; stags one-third off. LIT/E STOCK NOTES. The Beef Producers’ Association of Iowa reports that 24 farmers grew and fattened beef calves for market in 1911 and 1912 at average profits of $7 per head. The ass0ciation states that beef can be grOWn on Iowa land at six cents per pound, and it believes that the beef sup— ply cannot possibly catch up with the demand in less than ten years. The quality of veal calves is also offered is common and sheep are selling no higher but good lambs are in actiw. demand at an advance of 25@35c over last week. The quality of veal calves are also common. the few that are good, however. sell exceedingly well at an advance of 50c p'er cwt. The trade don’t want these thin common calves. ‘ (Continued from page 243). 1 sections of the state. together with out-' side talent, including Prof. Price, of Ohio. The evening sessions will be still more general in character and will in- clude on Thursday an explanation of the farm management work being undertak- en by the United States Department of Agriculture, by Prof. Clinton, of Wash- ington, D. C., and Prof. Mumford, in charge of the work in Michigan. A spe- cial fruit and potato session will be held on Thursday afternoon separate from the general session of the institute, while the Women's Congress will meet as us- ual on Wednesday and Thursday after- noons, and special demonstration work will be given for the women each morn- ing. Space will not permit the reproduc— tion of the program in full, but it is one of the best. and perhaps the best which has ever been offered to the farmers of Michigan at an institute meeting and all who can possibly arrange to do so should attend and secure the benefit which is theirs for the taking. WOULD FORCE COLLECTION OF TAX OR DESTROY DOGS. The matter of a tax on dogs, in recent issue of The Farmer, has come to my attention and I wish to say that the present dog law would be all right if the tax were raised to $3.00 each, and a fine of $10 imposed upon the supervisor who does not assess all dogs, and another fine - Department will work your ideas ' for the treasurer who does not collect the tax, or report the delinquent to the humane officer. Then the officer should be paid $10 for each dog reported to him and killed by him. and he should be sub- ject to a fine of $10 for each dog he neg- lects or fails to kill, after its being re- ported to him. The person who harbors a dog should be considered its owner, in lhe sight of the law, and subject to the above provisions. The trouble with the present so-called dog law, is that the good dogs owned by responsible parties, and carefully taken care of are taxed, and the tax paid, or collected, while the poor man who keeps and harbors a mongrel female, that is always turned out of doors at night to prowl around, is either not assessed at all, or the tax is never collected. And kindly tell me how it can be collected under the present law. I asked a man who had two mongrel curs—a male and a female—4f he paid a tax on his dogs. He answered that the “female was ten years old, and had nev- er been assessed," and that sometimes he had a “dozen dogs," but that he had never paid a dollar tax, and asked how anyone could make him. Besides, he said that the law was such that no poor man was obliged to pay anything on dogs, and I conclude he was right. I was told not many years ago that in one township in this county there had been 97 dogs assessed the previous year, and $7 collected. and that was paid by a man who had one male and two female collies, all recorded. and cared for and kept on his own premises. and indoors nights. You see, this man could cast but one vote, while the 90 dog owners who did not pay, cast 90 votes. Van Buren Co. SUBSCRIBER. SOIL SURVEY OF GENESEE COUNTY, MICHIGAN. The field work of the Soil Survey of Genesee county. Mich., made by experts of the Bureau of Soils, United States De- partment of Agriculture, has been com- pleted and the report will be issued dur- ing the latter part of the coming summer. The county contains about 648 square miles, or 414.720 acres. The survey was made by the Bureau of Soils in order that the agricultural value of the soils of the county might be de- iermined and show to what crops each type is best adapted, in order that the department may recommend What agri- cultural melhods should be practiced to obtain the best possible yields, and, at the same time. maintain or increase the present fertility of the soil. soil and topographic map will ac- company the rcport, showing in colors the location and extent of the various types of soils found during the survey. as well as the location of all farm houses, churches, schools, public roads, streams, and railroads in the county. Fifty cents for one idea That returns several dollars. Would you pay it? Of 1' -,l. " “dul'l' tar-,0, ‘ —: .n >— y , Boy because it makes a man of him—enables him to do a You clean your barn with half the effort in half the time. The LOUDEN CARRIER make: this heavy job in for the boy. Curves and ”witches take the carrier to any part of the barn. The cost is small. li'nmoncy making investment in anyoize noble. Send [or Catalogs. Ask our dealer about the HIDDEN CARI]! BARN PLANS F REE If you expect to build or remodel a born out Architectural 5. into a real plan without cool or obligation to you. Tell us the number and kind of stock you wish to stable and give other information. We may be able to save you a good many dollars. We manufacture every equip- ’4? ( i t.“ ' ment for Dairy. Horse 31nd Hog ' barns, and l'ilY unloading tools. DEN Micnmtkvfo. _ 603 BROADWAY AIRI’IELD - ; I Farmers Who Grind Feed Make Largest Profits Fairbanks - Morse Feed Mills grind mixed grain and com on cob at the same time, insuring an easily digested mixture. light draft, large capacity, long life. Grind fine, medium or coarse. gears to waste power. Wearing parts renewable at small cost. 6 to 60 bushels an hour. grain is wasteful as itisnot ': proper] digestc . Withhigh prices for grain and stock it be- comes more than ordi- narily rof- dyoor eed. itable to grin These mills have No Capacities: Grind Chaply— Use a Jerk of all Trades En- ne for power. it runs on Kerosene or naohne. An outfit will save Its cost in a ohort time and will give years of service. Write for Catalog FC 601 stating your requirements. Fairbanks, Morse & Co. Chicago notroit Fol rbonks Scales,Oil Traction Engines, Water Systems. Electrioljghtl’lanto. Pumps Windmills. FoedGrinders. course you would. The Michigan Farmer comes 52 times a year, each issue chuck full of good ideas and you can get all these ideas that come in one year for 50 cents, two years for $1.00, three years for $1.25, five years for $2.00. Can you afford to miss getting these ideas at a cost of 50 cents? Answer—about as well as you could afford to miss paying your insurance because you think your house might not burn down. Selling the newly patented BRANDT Clgll llfll‘l’. . [s operated with one hand—gives an instantaneous . light every time the button is pressed. No electrici— ty, no battery. no wires, non-explosive. Strikes o ‘i'hi without the aid of matches. Lights your \ \ pi a. cigar. cigarette, gas jet, whenever and -~:.,, \ or never it is wanted. Works with one hand 7, ' \nd never fails. Something new. Big demand. ‘ ‘ Everyone wants one Write quick for wholesale term! and prices. 6. 6. BIAND‘I‘ LIGHTER ‘ 42 Hudson Street. 801! mus m SALE By the first man in the with cave apex-lance as grower. orignlmnator and intmdunmogrymn BDW. E. EVANS, West BranchJVllch. in“. Ana-normal- autonomic. . ,. .lnlormotitgggr us. Ex once not neces- sary. flashing to soil. D PAY. (1 stamp for par- tinIu-I. Address I. 0. LL. , lo. Indiana New York City. \ Know You’re Right Weigh your grain, stock and coal yourself and know posmvely you’re getting a square deal. weighs accuratel requircd— everything above ground. The McDonaI _ every day in the ear. qutected bearings cannot freeze. N: pit Steel frame—steel joists—10 year guarantee. U. S. Standard. Used for weighing U. S. Maria. Flyind Dutchman Dealers sell them. FREE BOOKLET. Write today. MOLIN‘E PLOW C0. Depl.26 MOUNE. ILL. We Want HAY &. SIRAW _ We get the top price on consignments mak liberal advancements and prompt remittance: Daniel McCallrcy’s Sons Co. “moo. Wuuunonhuu Company. or mun new PI‘I’TSBURG. PA. HAY Shiv your eon-load lot- to no. THE E. L. RICHMOND 00.. Detw- Michigan. Goodstock of yfor sale“: to 810 per ton 16.11 oars Rudyard]. Av E. II. “TE. mm. cum“ comet. 252+36 meat-hm This Barrel of Molasses humming Beats SOBushels 2.: 82:: llldllll \lillllllllWilW l . -' For l-‘attening Hogs, Steers and Other Stock ipwinliiwlnmfl a7 We will prove it right on your own arm :1, at our risk or no pay. It’s the greatest feed you ‘A ever fed. The U. S. Department of Agriculture says in Bulletin No. 170 about Feeding Molasses: “The principle content of Oats is Nitrogen. Free Extract, of which Oats contains 45.7% digestible. The prinCiple content of Cane Molasses is Nitrogen Free Extract, of which it contains 69.3% digestible"-—approximately 50% more. The Maryland Experiment Station also proves in Bulletin No. 117_ that Molasses increases the digestibility of hay and grain With which it is fed 24%. Think of that—a gallon of Molasses equals a bushel of grain and costs only one-half to one-third as much. That‘s why we say this 56-gallon barrel of 5 0 l—— E E D I N G M13 ”01.4 on if n ’lfll‘ ;“:._ ishing, health-giving and a. rapid flesh bui der. It beats 50 bushels of Com. or Oats as a feed . for farm animals—espemally for young stock in" and fatteuin hogs andsteers. It is all feed—no is to feed—simply pour it on the grain.or 1 putealiyin slop for the ho 3. Complete feedln' 66 9 direction: sent with each Izzy-"Lt N12 0:133:39 In B d 1.1. e I S ' ' c . . can compare with It for ma ing S 0 g bejghtpald kee in them healthy and putting on money-makq lug figshFWe prove all this at our risk on your own stock. Feed Half a Barrel at Our Risk . , . Order one or more barrels on our ‘énoxrllsk ’1 Tamil U r. We a the fret ht to your town. Fee a arre an ygu don't “kg ig—aend bagk what is left. (at. our expense) and we will regunndszllg'ourllggniyz making no charge for the barrel used in testing. Price is 190 a gallon—Slit. a arre d rgwe Ions) freight pald by us. othin to pay when it arrives. Send money With ytoul' dorYiu fl“ turn it. ALL if you are not pleased after to his a half barrel. We also pay frei hi: on whatd is if “£1112“. not one cent. No a ipinenta made less than one arrel. Order a blue! today dirac from thla a ver ae e . . (4,) WATTLES 8: COMPANY, Deptu MF , thcllflold, Mlch., U. S. . Largest Euluu‘u Distributors of Feeding Molaam in United State. , l ill Waste—made rom Sugar Cane. Appetizin , nour- ;s_r Lu: srocxnuvrn n hb hood {31:32 thighs ‘3); mo- t Prime Stufl Feedlo‘ losses l I“ "i w | ‘i‘iil i'..,llnli. ' l -.. “filial | “Milk...“ v'l , kill: , . . , ‘ “’lh‘lv‘vhl‘l’ R’i'l'n'll‘I-z.i”‘ ’ .l ’5'” 'll W _ . i I l i H" '01, l I l l i lilo I i 4‘ vi; \ ’l ‘.:;,\. '7'. ., l , . ‘1 ll Si oncre e e 61' eps ...; .- Most up-to-date farmers realize that concrete construction is the best and cheapest in the long run. For instance, concrete cellarways never rot but, never need repairs—they simply can’t cause a damp cellar. And the one cement you can always depend on is LEHICH E‘i‘iihiii ‘f Leh h and you’re safe. Lehigh is absolutely uniform in Egghlgl’h, coligr and fineness—the best all-round cement for buildings, steps, foundations, barn floors, feeding floors, manure pits, etc., etc. The Lehigh trade mark on each bag is your protection. Get These FREE Books “The Modern Farmer” and “Concrete Silos”are two books which should be read by every progressive farmer in the country. The many money and labor saving uses of concrete on the farm are here described in detail by experts. Send for these books to LEHIGH PORTLAND CEMENT COMPANY 3862 People’s Gas Bldg., Chicago 11 Mills, 11,000,000 Barrels Capacity 'Lehrgh Sets the Standard" THREE MONTHS ___________ POWER cf or v {A _ Galloway is giving away engine power! You can get all you want-4% H. P. to 15 H. P.—for one, month, two months or threqmonthstabstzlluteltsé :rgehiginfilset ltd: will sletuhgfiimgtywfllgltgisebo it.sli%l.1iua€::nda itback and I pay the freight charges both ways. colic ion't out a my. Permanently Guaranteed! I’ll out $50 to $300 off $50 to $300 saved! anybody's prices and put it in your pocket. And I'll give you the very best engine on the market today-THE GREAT GALLO- WAY—backed by my ironclad guarantee of permanent satisfaction. 1 ' ' ' Write quick and.I' 1 ”not My Special 1913 Proposution! ii.“ you hgw you t o e of these great engines partly or entirely Wit_ out cost_ 0 you. I‘lgaghgf'ass‘ing—no soliciting. I've been four years in working out this amaz- ingly generous plan. Write today for full particulars. ak f the er right now. Send a. postal—- “HBCK, NOW—WRITE! Yduignbim Ehg‘lgg‘éook' Edgy Special 1918 Proposition—-pick out the engine you want and I'll a in it rig tLal-vz’aa‘ynte melted.” sure. Address WILLIAM GA Pros! on Wllllanl Galloway 00., 645 éalloway Station, Waterloo, Iowa We carry a full line of Engines at Chic-co. Karim City. Council Blufla, Minneapolis and Winnipega 125 , When writing to adverfiura please mention the Michigan Farmer. l 4% THEgMICHrI'GAN FARMER (Continued from page 223). owing to his isolated condition, is in- clined to be a. little behind in taking up improvements. Fruit trees should have been sprayed 25 years ago when it was well demonstrated by investigators to be the best method for growing fruit. The silo was known to be a splendid method of preserving com 30 years ago. Much of our improved, machinery was invented and put on the market long years before it was put into use. Many of the im- proved crOps, such as alfalfa, have come slowly into general use. Good methods. of feeding and breeding of silock have been preached for a. hundred yenrsubut only a. small per cent of the stock farm- ers are putting into practice the best of these findings and teachings. No, we cannot be too progreSSive in our moth- Ods, providing we use good judgment in their introduction. Nebraska. ' E H. CLARK. .—._.______ PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE WITH HOGS. The article by E. J. Rice in regard to his hogs eating too much salt prompts me to offer my practical experience With the hog question. Here at the State Reformatory, during the past 12 years, we have had on an average of 200 hogs and have had no cases of hog cholera. Plenty of good pure water and clean, dry sleeping quar- ters are as essmitial to the hog as any other animal, but it seems with 75 i0 100 hogs running t ' er in a small enclo— sure sometimes there will be some that may have a cough and be unthril‘ty. For this I give one quart of kerosene oil mix- ed in one barrel of swill and feed it un- till they are well. “Ye plan to have charcoal in reach of the hogs at all limes. For several years we have used the following mixture where the hogs have been affected with worms: Thl'ec bushels common charcoal; eight pounds dommon salt; two quarts air slaked limc; one bushel of wood ashes. llreuk the lumps in the charcoal; if there are nails or g‘luSS in the ashes sift them and thoroughly mix the, whole mass to- gcthe-r. Then take 114 lbs. of coppcras, dissolve in 10 quarts of warm water, sprinkle the whole mass and thoroughly shovel over so that the copperas is (hor- oughly mixed through the whole. Put this mixture in a self-feeding trough or box so that the hogs, both young and old, can help themselves to it any time they wish. lonia. Co. GUY CoNNER. .MUSTY RYE KILLED HOGS. In looking through your issue, of Feb- ruary 1, I see an inquiry by E. II. 8., Montcalm county, in regard to feeding mus'l‘y rye. I had a. little experience with feeding such grain. I bought a sow and eight pigs lii>=t spring and a nicer, thriftier bunch I never saw. They grew just fine till they would weigh around 75 pounds, when I got a chance :to get some rye that liud heated in the bin :1 little and l commenccd'feeding that to them. I did not feed very heavy. as they were on good, pasture, but they soon commenced to die and before I got rid of them I lost three. A neighbor bought three of them and they did fine for him. He fed them just clean slop and grain. Now I have not lost a hog since I quit fcc'ding the rye and I could not think of anything that killed those shouts but the heated rye. Of course, I am, in a. way, guessing at the rye being the cause, but I never lost a hog in that. way before. I would like to ask your veterinary what he thinks of it, or others, if,any have had experience. \\'cxford C0. F. 5—— BJRJcDA LL. SHORTHORN BREEDERS ORGANIZE. The central Michigan Shorthorn breed- ers, comprising Montcalm county and ad- jacent territory, met at Greenvil-le last Saturday and organized an association. Oscar Skinner, of Gowan, was chosen president; G. XV. Ruder, Pierson, vice- prcsident; C. \\'. Cl'um, McBride’s, sec- retary-treasurer, and E. A. Stokes. Gow- an. and F. XV. Bailey, Coral, members of the, executive committee. The members must all breed Shortliorn cattle and it is hoped all will work into the same kind of hogs, sheep, horses and poultry, so that those seeking breeding animals can find what they want among the members. A list of all animals for sale by members will .be on file with the secretary, who will advertise the same and'direct the prospective buyer to the member having what he wants. In this ‘ . \ u FEB. 22, 1913. way the expense of adVer‘tising will be reduced.‘ Members will also exchange desirable breeding animals, thus saving another item of expense to the stoc‘kman. The Shorthorii cow is the ideal cow. for the great mass of general farmers who cannot be exclusive dairymen or beef producers. ’ The average, farmer musc’ have u. cow that gives a good‘quan- tity of good milk and at the same time produces bccf at a profit. The high price of beef is increasing the demand for this kind of cow, and the Shorthorn fills the bill as no other breed does. The wide- uwukc breeders who organizcd this asso- ciation are putting themselves in position to Supply some of this increasing demand for breeding animals. A committee of the association will in- spect all animals offered for sale by the members for breeding purposes, and noth- I ing but first-class Stock. will be 0. K.'d by it. C. W. CRUM, Sec’y. LIVE sroCK NEWS. Horses are meeting with a fairly good demand, farm chunks being principally called for, with sales chiefly at 3512560210 per head, although choice mares sell high- er now and then. Drafters are moving modcralely at $175@225, with limited numbers of better and much heavier horses retelling 31325060275 and now and then a sale around $300. Inferior old horses sell as low as $656090. and drivers are in poor demand around $100_@200. The general conditions governing the cattle markets of the country have not changed radicully in recent weeks further than somewhat lessened consumption of beef throughout most sections of the United States because of the early open- ing of the Lenten season. However, the interference from the fast is not nearly what it used to be years ago, and after all the principal trouble arises from the refusal of retail markets to lower their prices for steaks and roasts in accordance with the reductions in prices that are made from time to time by the packers on carcasses of beef. Since the beginning of the your average cattlc prices, while much higher than in former years, huve been materially reduced, yet the. prices charged for bccf in the retail meat mur- kcls are for the most purl: unchanged, ruling practically as high as ever. The average family has ceased to indulge in beef anywhere near as freely as in for- mer years and is substituting to a. great extent pork and mutton, fresh pork be- ing especially favored becausle of itSl cheapness as compared with all other meats. W. C. I‘l'al'l‘iS. a large Colorado feeder of cattle and sheep is fattening many hundred imported Mexican steers, their ages running from live to ten years. They are fed beet pulp, beet tops and hay cov- ered with molasses. Years ago, when the first beet sugar factories were built, the beet pulp was wasted, while beet tops were regarded as useless for feeding to stock. Since ”1011 the beet sugar mills have learned much and they refuse to port with the beet pulp at any price, pre- ferring to convert it into beef themselves. Beet tops bring as high as $4 per acre, a price that used to be paid for rent per acrc for farm lands. The recent official report made; by the agricultural bureau of the United States says that within a year there has been a reduction of 8.6 per cent in the num- ber of breeding sows on farms, with the loss chiefly in the corn belt states of Kansas, Illinois, Missouri, Indiana, Ohio and Iowa. Far too many brood sows have been marketed :it a period when there is the greatest reason for retaining on the farm as many good breeders as possible. The old sows are discriminat- e-d against severely by the packers and small butclicrs, and they were sold in the Chicago market in recent weeks at dis- counts of from 25((i)50c per 100 lbs, Very few breeding ewes are being of- fered for sale in the. markets of the coun- try, but, a few sales have been reported in the Chicago market :it $4.90 per 100 lbs. and thereubouts. Feeding lambs are scarce articles there and have brought since the first of the year anywhere from $7608.40 per 100 lbs., depending princi— pally on how much fleSh they carried. The highest prices are paid for lambs that require. only a few weeks longer feeding to make them primer in quality. Sales in January were largely at 357.7560 8. This is a winter when the incentive is So powerful to make lambs prime that very few slieepmcn neglect the business. The multOn shortage is unusually great, with Colorado and the surrounding reg- ions the only parl's Where the industry has not lagged behind. The, Colorado flocks are now headed murkctwurd, being mostly fat as butler and prime in qual- ity, but their owners have no intention of glutting the markets and thereby precipi- tating a slump in vnlucs. The opening of the Lenten season has a. decided influence on the market for cheese, and all American and foreign makes have been advauccd half a cent per pound in anticipation of a, broader consumptive demand during the 40 days’ last: of a porlioli of the Christian world. Eggs and butter have also been advanced. . [logs are bcing shipped to market as last us they reach moderate size, their owners preferring to accept the prices offered for prime light and medium weights rather than to hold until heavy. It is the light and medium weights that command the highest prices, with heavy lots selling at a. discount. Manipulation of the price of butter on theElgi’n Board of Trade is not to be tolerated, said Charles H. Potter, the president, at a recent meeting. Hevruled out of order the sale of butter for which a'rhlgher,})rice had been offered than the one accepted by the seller. There will be no fictitious market Set by the Elgin board, said Mr. Potter, 71 .; , l l E‘JjfllflllWWWMllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll " ' ) FEB 22. 1913.. ._ : Veterinary. mmlllmmwmmlmllfifllmflmlflflullmllllllllllllllllllllllllllllF—r‘i: CONDUCTED BY W. C. Flu—1}, V. S. Advice through this department is free to our subscribers. Each communication should state history and symptoms of the case in full; also name and address of writer. Initials only will be published. Many queries are answered that apply to the same ailments. If this column is watched carefully you .will probably find the desired informaMOn in a reply that has. been made to someone else. When reply by mail is requested, it becomes private practice, and a fee of $1.00 must accompany the letter. Grease .Heel.—I haVe a ten-year-old Clydesdale mare that has sore legs, her heels crack open and discharge a sticky fluid which has a sarong odor. I applied oxide of zinc, and oil of tar which seemed to heal the» sores, but lately I find sores under belly. S. J. J., Bad Axen Mich.— Clip off hair and apply one part iodoform and ten parts borzicic acid to sores twice a day. Give her a tablespoonful how- ler's solution at a dose in feed three times a‘ day. well salted mashes to keep her bowels open. . IndigestiOn.-—I have a pair of horses that are thin ,and much out of condition which I am anxious to build up. They are fairly well fed but do not thrive and lay on flesh. W. J. D Elm Hall. Mich. As you have had the serVices of three Vets. I shall not advise you to pay out any more money for treating them. Mix together equal' parts powdered sulphate iron, ground gentian, ginger and ClnCh‘Ol‘liL and give u tablespoonful at a dose in feed three times a day. These horses should be gr00med twice a day, kept warm and well fed. . DrOpsy.——Eve'ry spring my brood mare swells under belly, her hind legs stack, but she does not appear to be Sick. C. J. S., Bellevue, Mich—Give her a tea- spoonful of powdered nitrate of potash and two tablespoonfuls ground gentlan at a dose in feed three times a day, or as Often as you find it necessary. Her bowels should be kept open, she should have daily exercise and be well fed. Rheumatism—Sore Shin—l have a six- vear-o‘ld horse that went lame some three inOnths ago and our local Vet. believes he has rheumatism. When turning him to right he shows very little lameness, but always limps when going to left. J. 31., Kingston, Mich—Examine him close- ly and you will find he strikes his shin when traveling and when turning to the left. Dissolve 1/4 lb. sugar of leadnin one gallon of water, and odd 1/5. pt. tincture opium then apply to shin three times daily. For rheumatism give a tcaspoon~ ful of salicylic acid, a teaspoonful salt- peter and a tablespoonful cooking soda in feed three times a day. Punctured FootL—Quiitor.—Lasrt June my horse went lame in hind leg; I exam- ined foot, found hole in it and when I cut down on sole found pus, but the wound soon healed and he 'went sound. Last week he again went lame, and I pared foot out, found more pus and mat- ter comes from upper part of hoof. He remains very lame and I would like to know how to treat him. W. R. G., Sno- ver, Mich—Apply one part iodoform mid six parts boracic acid to sores twice a day. The foot should be kept clean. Mange—Eczema..—For the past twelve months my more has been itchy and her yearling colt is in the- same condition. This disease is confined to head. neck and shoulders and there are a few sore spots on back. G. G., Leslie. Mich—Give mare a dessertspoonful of Donovan‘s solution and colt a teaspoonful at a dose in feed three times a day. Apply one part bi- chloride of mercury and 500 parts water to sore parts twice a day; also apply vaseline twice a week. They should be well groomed twice- a day. Stocking—I have a 12-year-old mare that is in foal, which has a stocked hind leg, and I wish you would tell me what to do for her. J. B., Morley, Mich—Give her a dessertSpoonful of powdered nitrate of potash at a dose in feed twice a day, when needed to keep kidneys active. Bandage leg in cotton. Bone Spavin.~—-I have a horse that goes lame when first taken out of barn, but after traveling a mile slic trots sound. I find a bunch on lame leg and am told it is what is called “Jar-k" spavin. B. F., Mason, Mich—Give him rest and an- ply one part red iodide mercury and four parts lard to bunch once 1a week. P. P. R., Saginaw, E. S., Mich—See treatment for grease heel] this paper. Surfeit#Splints.—My 4-year-old mare is troubled with pimples forming on neck which itch some. but refuse to go away. I also have a three—yearo-ld colt that has two small hard bunches on hind shin. G, E. L., Lake OdeSSa, Mich—Give horse a tablespoonful cooking soda at a dose in feed three times a day. F. B., Breckenridge, Mich—See treat- ment for sore legs, this column, Bearer—Foot Sore—I have an eight- year-old mare that will Weigh 1,750 lbs., which eats and drinks good, but breathes fast and seems to be short of breath. She has been treated by our local Vet. with poor results. I also haVe- another vdrai’t mare that is foot-sore on account of-flat feet. She travels best when shoes are 01!; fore feet are hard. E. G. H., Eckford, Mich.——Feed no clover or mus- »ty, dusty fodder, and dampen her feed. It will perhaps be necessary to do some surgical work on throat before she'wi-ll breathe free and normal. Give her 1 dr. guaiacol at, a dose t‘hree times a day. 'Apply lanolin tofore hoofs twice a day, also apply one part {powdered contharides and six parts lard to coroneits once a. Feed her some roots and. Tilt- EM 'I out CA N F Ali M BR week; this ointment will blister and stimulate a healthy’ growth of horn. Seedy Toe—Barren Helfer.—We have a four-year—old horse whose hoofs seem to be separating from flesh and I wish you would tell me what will cure her. I also have a heifer that is now 18 months old which has never been in heat. L. C., Addison, Mich—Apply iodine ointment to upper part of hoof three times a week. A recovery in this kind of a case is doubtful. Fatten heifer, for she will per- haps never breed. Garget.—One quarter of cow's udder is soft, but she gives a watery fluid in- stead of milk and I would like to know what can be done for her. A. K., Fenn- ville, Mich.—-Hand—rub bag three times a day; this Will assist in stimulating ud- der into action. Give a chSertspoonful of powdered nitrate of potash at a. dose three times a day for ten days. Opacity of Cornea—Have a heifer that is troubled with sore eyes and there is. a thin film on both eye ba‘lls which I would like to have removed. Her sight is yet fairly good. M. M., Evart, Mich.— Blow a little calomel into eyes once: a day and blow some boracic acid into eyes once daily. Keep bowels open and heif- er in dark stable until she is well. “’hat Causes Lumpy Milk—Infected Udder.—\\'e have a cow that gives lumpy milk from one teat only and good milk from other three teats; I am at a loss. to know how this happens. L. K., ()mena, Mich—An infective germ makes its way through teat into udder and had lheSe germs passed up teat canal in all four the whole bag would have been dis- eased instead of one quarter. App‘ly io- dine ointment to diseased quarter three times a week. Milkers are usually cores less and spread udder disease in this way. Lump Jaw—One of my cows has lump jaw and I would like to know how to cure her. H. J. M., Richmond, Mich.— lf you have only one case in your herd, fatten her and then there is little dan- ger of spreading the infection. Good results are obtained by applying one part rod iodide mercury and four parts 'lard every week and giving her 2 drs. potassium iodide at a dose three times a day. Heifer Fails to Get with Calf—My two-year-old heifer has been bred to two different bulls several times and fails to get with calf. \V. L., ltotlibury, Mich.— Dissolve 1/4 lb. cooking Sodzl in $5 gal. tepid water and 'wash her out thrce hours before having her served and 00- casionally between boat periods. lnilamed Uddcr.—~()ne- quarter of my cow's udder is inflamed and somewhat blocked; what shall I do for her? J. \V. V., Frankenmuth, Mich.—~.--\pply hot raw linseed oil twice a day and give her a. lablcspo-onful of powdered nitrate potash at a dose in feed three times a day un- til she is well. F. \V. K., Foley, Ala.——Try‘the soda treatment on your barren cows. Nodular Disease—I have lost two sheep lately and they showed the following symptoms before death: The first symp- tom is dullness, drooping head, general dumpishness, hold hezid high or to one side, chewing fast. frothing at month and having spasms; after a few days' sick- ness they die. I have been feeding shred- ded fodder, bean pods and crushed oats. E. G. H., Gregory, Mich—It is possible that they die of impaction; however, I believe: they die of parasitic bowell trou- ble called nodular disease. (live each sheep I: ozs. of a one pcr cent solution of coal tar creosote once a week for three weeks. A fairly good remedy is giving a l‘caspoonful gasoline in Z ozs. sweet oil or milk once a week. Keep their bowels open by feeding some roots. Chronic Leucorrlioezi—Abnormal Heat. —1 have a cow nine years old that ap- pears to be in heat most of the time; besides, she has a thick white discharge which does not lessen. A. It., Shafts- burg, Mich—Your cow will not get with calf unti-l vaginal discharge ceases. Dis- solve 1 dr. permanganate potash in a. gallon of tepid water and wash out va- gina thoroughly once a day. Give her a teaspoonful powdered sulphate iron, and two lablespoonfuls cooking soda at a dose in feed two or three times a day. She may suffer from a chronic inflam- mation of ovaries and if so she might as well be fzttted. Sprained Hock—My 9-year-old mare sprained hook and when moving log for- ward moves it cautiously and I imagine farther forward than opposite one. I havo applied arn-ica. witch hazel, and water, which 1 think helped it some. F. J. 13., Marcellus, Mich.—-—Clip off hair and apply one part powdered cantliarldes and eight parts lard once a week. Stifle Ligaments are Weak—I have a two—year-old colt that is troubled with weak stifle ligaments for the cap is in~ clined to slip out of place, and I would like to know what to do for him. C. A. R., Mt. Morris, Mich—Clip off hair and apply one part cantharides and six parts lard every ten days. Malignant Wound—Some- three months ago my horse cut ankle on cultivator and I have been unable to heal wound. There is quite a bunch in sore which I have cut off, but the proud flesh seems to groow soon after I remove it. W. A., Fenwick, Mich—You will find it impos- sible to reduce leg to its normal size and wound will always contain a. whole lot of scar tissue. which if removed will very likely grow again. Apply equal parts of oxide of zinc. powdered alum and boracic acid to wound twice a day. The fungus tissue should be removed with a knife. Ringbone.—I have a four-year-old CD": that has‘ringbone and blisters fail to make him go sound. Can you recommend a remedy that will take off bunch and cure lameness? C. L., Sears, Mlch.—I know of no remedy that will cure all cases of ringbone; however, if you will give the horse rest and apply one part red iodide mercury and four parts lard once a week, it will do as well by him as Healthy (laws All The Year Round! A natural food that strengthens and builds up is far better than any kind of tonic or medicine for animals, as well as for men. Scientists have proved that this new food increases the value of any kind of feed,-.when mixed with it. Buckeye Feeding Molasses helps make more milk, and keeps your cows in good condition. It is also a good fattener for beef cattle. ——Bucke e Feeding m8 inelastic!!!y is relished by horses. ~It keeps their stomachs in Eggfect condition, aids digestion and ‘ ides saving feed, prevents kidney diseases, colds, etc. —Will keep your flock For Slice healthy and well; adds weight and makes finer wool and more of it. -—Makes every hog a big For n S hog—nojrunts. Larger profits in pork. HEWo BELGIANS NEW IMPORTATION We have given more than a quarter century to importing breeding and dis- tribution of the Belgian horse. We handle no other breed and believe we have now this new importation of stallions and mates a clue of horses that will please you. end all are for sale at prices not oqunllodby anyone in the business when merit is coninder- red. Will be pleasedto have you'ssk about them and to visit us at any time. H. 8: H. WOLF Wabash, Ind. HEWO STOCK FARM GENTS a gallon f.o.b. Detroit, or 17 cents “freight. paid to any point in the U. S. our Free Trial tiller: Send this coupon today and get our test pl‘OpOSlthfl. W. ll. EDGAR & SON, 562 Lafayette Blvd.. :-: Detroit. Mich - — — _ _ - — - '- W. H. EDGAR 6: SON, 562 Lafayette Blvd. Detroit. Mich. I MVB ...... ..................head of cattle ............... aboap..................hogs and .................. hog-533 Send me your trial proposition to prove that Buckeye Feeding Molasses will benefit all of them. Name.. P. O ................................. smug. ..................... YOU CAN’T all our mg PUFF 0R THOROUGHPIN,but will clean them off perma- nently, and you Work the horse same time. Does not Blister, or remove the hair. $2.00 per bottle, delivered. llllll." Baton Aflu Book 4 K free. , the antise tic lini- ABSURBINEJR mom. for Imankind, reduces VariCos-c Veins, Ruptured Muscles or Ligaments, Enlarged Glands, Goitres, Wells, Cysts. Allays Price $1.00 and $2.00 a sin uickl . p q y Will bottle at druggists or. delivered. tell you more if you Write. Mid. by W. F. YOUNG, P. n. F., 268 Temple St, Spr ngileld, Mass. Efllsa'ks? ROSS SlLO We use Guaranteed Long Leaf Yel- low Pine that will last longer than .' any other wood, except cypress. The n‘ highest possible grade of Oregon Fir l is used. _ The Rom Silo has features that gills f:: I are exclusive, and absolutely neces- sary to make a good silo. lllmllm FULLY GUARANTEED l - . l , ill I .-=. '3, to be as represented. 0m- 63 your of l'lllllllllllll-El‘lllll’ manufacturing experience is valuable to you. ' "' FREE catalog explains I“. Write for it to- Agent- Waited. F',‘ i, E! ”‘_ a. . "'m'lmlell n; r. w. Ross cm»; 14 Sprint‘s“- 0w] Brand Cottonseed Meal 41 i Protein guaranteed. Greet Milk and Boot roduoer. Get our free booklet Science of Feeding. F. W. BBODE it COMPANY. Memphis. Tenn. JACKS and MULES Raise mules and get rich. 18 Jack and Mule farm. un- der one management. where can be seen no head fine 1 Jocks. Jennys and mules. 4 to 17 hands high. Good ones. Stock {guaran- teed. Write for noon to- day. Address KBEXLEB'S JACK FARM Wat Elkton, Ohio. Brunch borne: Clinton Ind. For Sale: 4 Percheron Stallions 2to¢yeus vol tm—wlh..mmdcndgood 0 oh 1 at once. I) Shot-thorn cows 53131. W 0:: Do b ‘ pnrtio on write . B. b‘n'i'ifis'fidanzfi'. {621:}?! rYou Are Welcome Whether You Buy or Not. We want to get acquainted and talk Stallion business with you. It will be interesting. Price and quality the convinc- ing argument. Satisfaction another link in the chain bind- ing us to our old customers. It will be a step forward when you buy of us. Write or wire us when you will come. GEO. W. SOUERS 8 SONS Huntington Indiana (Stallion Service Book 10c.) L A. A. PALMER 6t SONS Open the season with the finest aggregation of PERBHERU Stallions and Mares they have ever offered to the breeding public. ' 60 Head to select lrom. P. O. Beldinl. Mich. R. R. Orlennl. FOR SALE Two Imported PEBBHEBON STALLIONS. One Imported Belgian Stallion, 8 years old. These horses are first-class in every way and good stock getters. Will be sold cheap. GEO. D. CONNER. 40 Water St. Battle Creek. Mich. DUNHAMS’ PERCHERONS are today as for the past forty-seven years the Fresh importation. Cat- _ alogue FR t'JE. DUNHAMS. Wayne. Du Page County. Ill. PEllGllEllOllS~—BLAOKS and GRAYS We can show more bone and muscle than any breed- erln 'bllchlggn. Young stock for sale from mares weighln l to 2000 lbs. Impoumt 79403 (79336) weight ‘ lbs. at head of stud CHAS. 050000 is: SONS. Mendon. Mich. PERCH ERON S bred for utility as well as show quality. Stable includes several international winners. Young stock for sale. me. or wri B. F. ANDERSON. R. No. 1. Adraln. Michigan Fulfill-IRON??? §§§lfi§§f’d.d“$u”£§k§’§i£ yearling stud colts. B. OVERHOLT. Button, Mich. Refill’orcheron Stallion and flare Coll: for Sale. . A. BRAY. Okemos. Mlch. rted d . . I"B‘én.m"i $215533 Silllllm- Xi? “grails; no and Weight. G. it B. LOCKER, luffton. Ohio. OME ll ' no 1:211:31 t:Legisterod Clydesdale Shillon- for Sale in rear: old In the 3113:? some will make ton horses with lots of quality good action Must be sold before the first of April. I“. A. PETZ. Capnc. Michigan. Maple Grove Stock Farm—‘lfiWéfi‘nigifih' Home and 001k for solo, with size. bone ind . In] ity. EARL w. BARNABD. R. No. 13. Barman, flick- Hill :“E-gne thme-year-old Percheron Stallion. one. Al 1; ti . lb. CHARLES R. EAN a 00., Ve'3moli'é’vii" fling-n. e 2544—38 any drug you can apply. In my prac- tice I very often fire and if you have blistered this horse often, you had better fire him. \Veak Back—My six-year-old horse is wrong in back and I would like to know what to apply. He moves forward fairly well, but it is difficult to back him. H. J., Dorr, Mich—Apply equal parts alco- hol and spirits of camphor to back twice a day. Give him 1 dr. ground nux vom- ica, 1,5 oz. ground gentian, and 1/2 oz. of cooking soda at a. dose in feed two or three times a day. Impaction.——I have been feeding my mares oat and wheat straw with 2 qts. of oats daily until two weeks ago; since that time I fed threshed alsike hay and ground corn and oats. One» of them was taken with indigestion and both seem to lose their appetite. I gave the sick one two pints of raw linseed oil and the other one enough oil to open bowels. I would like to know how they should be fed to keep them healthy and the bow- els kept open. J. I. \V., Nerth Branch, Mich—Feed enough well saltled bran. meshes, silage, or roots to keep the bow- els moist. Kindly understand the bow- els of a horse move four or five times as often when he is exercised, than if standing still. Hemorrhage Following Dehorning.—“"e have just dehorned our cows and a few heifer calves; one of the cows nearly bled to death and none of them act as bright as usual. In uSing caustic to destroy the growth of horn on calves, 110w often should it be applied? What should be done if the caustic is inclined to eat or burn a hole in calf's head? J. R Jeddo, Mich—In my practice I usually twist the artery with forceps, sometimes tie blood vessel, sometimes apply Mon- sell’s solution of iron or adrenalin. How- ever, no stiptic will completely arrest hemorrhage from a. large artery. They should be tied, or packed with cotton or oakum and pressure applied to it. Never apply too much caustic but be sure and apply to the Whole born, for if this first application is thorough it will prevent the horn's ever growing. In making this ap- plication. do not get the caustic too wet, for if so it will burn the healthy part and perhaps some of it get into the eye. Apply one part iodot‘orm and ten parts boracic acid to horn stubs on cows once a day. To stop the action of the acid, apply vaselinc or fresh lard: however, this should seldom be necessary. Blocked 'l‘eat Canal—Sores on I'dder.— I have a Jersey cow that appears to have a hard swelling that extends the whole length of center of teat; besides, there are some sores on skin. J. G. I“... Fife Lake, l\'Iich.—-»Dissolve 1 oz. acetate of lead in one quart of water and apply to teat three or four times a day. After the wound heals apply iodine ointment three times a week. Drying Cow.——\\'hat had I better do to dry milk yield of cow? H. BI. 8.. Farm- ington, Mich~43ive her 2 drs. gum cam- phor at a. dose three times a day and feed her very little milk-producing food. Timothy hay is a poor milk-producing food. Milk Cow Too Longs—I have a cow that just came fresh which we milked up to one week ago. Since she freshen— cd her milk yield is just the same as before. \Vhat do you advise? ll. M. V., Gowen. Mich.——l do not regard it as good practice to milk a cow up to so near milking time They should be dried up a few weeks before calving time. In- crease her food supply, is the best ad- vice, I can give you. Cow Leaks Milk—I have a nice- four- year-old cow that leaks milk and I would like to know if there is a practical way to prevent it. \V. H. 14)., Clare, Mich.— Either milk her three times a day or use teat plugs. If you are not supplied with teat plugs, this office can furnish them. Sow Does Not Come in Heat—Is there any drug 1 can give sow which will cause her to come in heat? She is kept in a good warm place, fed warm feed, but shows no indications of coming in heat. 1 would also like to know how to 1-revent a sow from eating her pigs,'and it‘ they do it once. are they likely to do it again? \V. 1%., Ellsworth, Micheltt is difficult to tell why a sow should incline to eat her own offspring; however, some sows do it, just as cows are incline-d to eat the. afterbirth. I have known sows to do it when they had a high fever and were in a delirious state. By feeding the flesh of animals to sows is said to assist in preventing them doing so. How- ever, I have known it to fail as often as it was successful. live your sow 10 grs. powdered cantharides, 10 grs. powdered nux vomica and 1 dr. powdered capsicum at a dose in feed two or three times a day. This treatment will have a ten- dency in the right direction, but it is not certain to produce the desired re- sults. Let your sow associate with the male. - Foot Soreness.——I have a 10-year-old mare that limps, caused by soreness in right fore foot; when driven on rough, hard roads, she is quite lame, but moves better when footing is soft. C. A. P., Flushing, Mich-«Clip hair off ceronet all the way round and apply one part pow— dered cantharides and six parts fresh lard three times a month; also apply lanolin to hoof, both wall and sole. Thrush—I have been an interested reader of your paper for quite a few years and receive a whole lot of good from it, especially from veterinary col- umn. I have a horse that is troubled with thrush in all four feet; have applied a disinfectant, which fails to help him. When standing he spreads his feet far apart and appears to be uncomfortable. . . B., Bark River, Mich—First of all thrush is usually the result of too much wet and filth. Therefore, I suggest that you keep his feet dry and clean; also apply calomel to diseased frogs twice a day and if his hoofs are hard, apply lan- olin once a day. Diseased Udder.——I have a three-year- THEineHIo old heifer that dropped her second calf last October; she has been giving agood flow of milk up to four weeks ago, then the right hind quarter of udder began to dry up, the teat seems to be clear, but quarter fails to fill with milk. She is a well-bred Jersey and I dislike to have her lose use of this quarter. C. \V. D... Kalamazoo, Mich—Give her 1/2 oz. hypo- sulphite of soda at a dose in feed three times a day and apply hot raw linseed oil to diseased quarter once a day. Eczema—I have a Holstein heifer that is troubled with an itchy condition of skin and is inclined to rub off some hair. Chickens have access to my cow stable. but I do not believe her lousy for the other cows are not in this itchy'eondi— tion. H, M. S., Farmington, Mich—Ap- ply one part oxide of zinc. and five parts vaScline to itchy parts of skin two or three times a week. Give a dessertspoon- ful of Donovan’s solution at a dose in feed two or three times a day. Itchy Condition of Skin—I have a six- year-old cow that appears to be healthy that is rubbing the hair off neck and shoulders. I first thought she had lice, but have been unable to find any. She is fed four quarts of grain and some roots twice a day; besides, for roughage she has clover hay and cornstalks. N. D., Mt. Clemens. Mich—Apply one part bichloride mercury and 1,000 parts water to itchy parts of skin twice a. day and occasionally apply vaseline. Give her a, dessertspoonful of powdered saltpeter at a dose twice a day. - ' Lumpjawwldjects Food—One of my cows has a bunch on lOWer jaw that is growing quite rapidly and is almost as hard as bone. I also have another cow that occasionally drops partially chewed food out of mouth and I would like to know what can be done. This cow is not giving as much milk this winter as she did last. E, G., New Boston. Mich.—.-\p-~ ply one part red iodide mercury and four parts lard to bunch on jaw once a Week and give her 2 drs. iodide potassium at a dose, in feed two or three times a day. The teeth of your other cow may need a little attention and perhaps by feeding her ground and cut feed’ she might be all right. Hemorrhage from Lungs—Fit—Rheuma- tism—Loss of Appetite—One of my 90- lb. pigs had a hemorrhage from lung. causing it to become, weak and quite sick. Another one of my hogs had a light fit, but recovered. I also have an- other that went lame without showing any particular symptoms of disease. F. (‘ ll.. Auburn, Mich—First of all let me say that very little can be done to pre- Vcnt bleeding from lungs. Keep the ani- mal as quiet as possible and by itself. The hog that had a tit is perhaps wormy. Give a dessertspoont‘ul of fluid extract of spigelia and a dessertspoonful of fluid extract of sennaata dose daily until you believe it is rid of worms—two or three doses is generally enough. especially if the medicine produces considerable bowel action. Give your hog that is rheumatic and has a poor appetite a teaspoonful of the following compound powder at a dose. in feed twice a day: Mix together equal parts ground gentian,'ground ginger, bi- carbonate soda and ground red cinchona. I also suggest that you feed them less corn and more oats. oil meal and roots. L. V., Marion, Mich.~Drugst will not do your boar any good, but I advise you to apply hot water or hot packs to injured parts one hour at a time, twice- a day. Congestion of Imngs.~—I had a two- year old buck the recently that was fat and apparently very thrifty. The night before he died it seemed difficult for him to breathe. I opened him and found the lungs presented a. diseased condition. I have 20 more ewes that are all seemingly in a healthy condition. A. H. J., Mason. Mitch—Your buck died the result. of acute congestion of the lungs and per- haps could not have been saved. You will perhaps not have any more cases of‘ this kind; however, if you do apply one part turpentine, one part aqua ammonia and four parts olive oil to sides and chest once, a day. Give whiskey, spirits of nit-re or aromatic spirits of ammonia every three or four hours. Verminous Bronchitis—Stomach Worms —Tape \Vorm.—~-My sheep are troubled with lung, stomach and tapeworm. The lung worms are of a light cream color about two inches long. the size of a fine thread and seem to inhabit the tubes. in the lungs. The stomach worms are a pinkish color about three-quarters of an inch long and are found in the fourth stomach. I also find links of tapeworm in excrement of lambs. These sheep have been treated at different times by our local Vet. and We have fed three or four kinds of medicated salt without it killing these worms. A post mortem shows me that these sheep are still very wormy. “'hat treatment do you advise? A. H., I'nion City, Mich.»—First of all your sheep should be well fed and for the lung par- asites place the affected animals in a close building and burn pinch after pinch of flowers of sulphur on a, piece of pa- per laid on an iron shovel until the air is as much charged as they can bear without coughing violently. The admin- istrator muSt stay with them in the room to avoid accidents and keep up the ap- plication for half an hour at a time. It is good practice to treat them once a week for two or three Weeks. For the stomach worms you had better give each sheep three ounces of a solution made by adding one part coal tar creosote to 95 parts water and they should be given a dose once or twice a week for two weeks, or give them a dessertSpoonful of gaso- line in 3 ozs. of sweet milk twice a week for two weeks. Or give a teaspoonful of turpentine and 3 ozs. of olive oil once a week for three weeks. For tapeworm, give 1 gr. of powdered kamala for each pound the sheep weighs twice a week for two weeks. It is good practice to give 2 ozs. of castor oil two or three hours after you have given the other medicine, unless the bowels are open and active. ANJFARMER needs more eggs. The sands of people independently at low prices. more than treble in value. and realize just how big the Milwaukee l ./ Montana Pays ‘ Big Poultry Profits It costs less than $1.00 a year to maintain a hen there and eggs bring highest prices—Montana feed cheap—market always good. Grasp 11g Opportunity Montana Offers You Within the next decade this wonderful state will make thou- .‘tv -l,zu climate is favorable—- l l 1 wealthy. There are millions of acres of rich land that can be homesteaded or purchased This land, as the country develops, will Spend a few weeks in Montana, see the land, meet the people opportunities are that await you there. On the first and third Tuesdays of every month low round trip homeseekers’ tickets are on sale via the . , CHICAGO & St. Paul RAILWAY Descriptive litcialure' and full information can be had by writing H. W. STEINHOFF‘, District Passenger Agent 212 Majestic Bldg.. Detroit. Mich. 0. E. SHANER, Immigration Agent 750 Marquette Bldg. F. A. MILLER, Pass’r Traffic Mgr. CHICAGO l l i‘ SAVE-TflnEiLQISSE “it I v THE TIME Is now All the winter long, the troubled owner of a lame horse reads our ad- vertisements. Then, day after day slips away, while he talks, laments, listens, takes a(l\'lC6 and hesitating—FAILS TO ACT — till the Springtime is on him and his horse is not yet able to work. Meantime the thrifty, prosper- ous, resolute man, reads, considers the evidence carefully—Decides Prompt- ly—and his horse is working in, say, ten days to two weeks. That’s exactly what happens every winter. We Originated the treatment of horses by [mail—Under Signed Contract to Return Men- ley if Remedy Fails—and every minute of ev- gery day for seventeen years our advice and treatments have been on the way wherever mails go and horses are. Our charges are moderate. Spring work is near. Write. Our latest Save—the-Horse BOOK is a Mind Settlrrn- Tells How to Test for Hpnvin—Whnt to Do for a Lame Horse—- (Jon-rs :38 Forms of l.mncncss—Illnstrntcd. Hut write describing your case and we will send our BOOK -_ Sample. Contract; and Advice—ALL FREE—to (Horse Owners and Munugers--Only. Druggisu everywhere sell Save-the-Hone WITH CONTRACT or sent by us Express Prepaid. TROY CHEMICAL 00.. 20 Commercc'Stl. Binahamlon. N. Y' / 1‘. ill HEAV ES Mll cure any can. 0"- money rotunda! Agent- Wanted 'SIHII'MI " Writefordaumhofld 4.‘ hm than may must-urn Av... amen.” J Wan-ranted to am Satisfaollon. Earnhaull’s ~ caustic Balsam 45— ' , Has lmltators But No companion. A Safe, Speedy and Positive Cure for Curb, S lint. Sween 09. ed Hock Btmine Tendonl, yi‘ounlligr, Wind Puffs, and all lameness from Spavin, Ringbono and other bon tumorl. Cure: all skin disease: or ¥arasitem Thrush, Diphtheria. Remove. all Bunches from Horses or Cattle. A: a Human Rented for Rhe ' Sgt-aim, Sore Throat, ¥lthiti51nuv§fiitghlgl ‘very bottle _of Caustic Balsam sold is Wax-ranted to give satisfaction. Price $1.50 per bottle. Sold by druggists or sent by ex- ress, charges paid with full directions for ts use. WSend for descriptive circulars, testimonials, etc. Address the Lawrence-Wllllams 60., Cleveland. 0. Veterinary Course at. Home 31500 A YEAR and upwards can be made by taking our Veterinary course at: home during spare time. Taught in simp- lest English. Diploma L . granted. Graduatesas- Dr. E. H. Baldwin writes: sisted in getting loca- "I took the course for my tions or positions. Cost own benefit on the farm. within reach of all. but the success I had Satisfactionguaranteed. started me in practice and wane ro- unncuuna now I am going night and day.» Yourcoursehasbeen The London V6 worth thousands to me, Correspondence School Indwlllbe toanymanflf tendon, Ontario. Canada Farmers Sons Wanted :32: 03231, stock and fair education to work in an office; a month with advancement, steady employment. must. be honest and re- liable. Brunch omcel of the umintton are being established in each state. Apply at once. giving full particulars. The Veterinary Science Annotation. Dept. II. laden. Cum i 3': s l 15“.” 4.1.,a.. L ,2“-.. .4. t .1 .n 2 i ‘ ’ "FEB. .22, 1913.,. 1 ~ THE .M’ICHIGAN ..FAIRMER 39—255 [ElIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII.|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIH , gFarmers Clubsg. l-L‘EIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlllIIIIlIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIE OFFICERS ‘OF'THE STATE ASSOCIA. TION OF FARMERS’ CLUBS. —__— Presidents—Jae. N. McBride, Burton. Vic'e-President—C. B. Scully, Almont. Secretary-,Treasurer-Mrs. P. John- son, Metamora. Directors—C. P. Johnson, Metamora; H. W. Chamberlain. White Lake; Wm. T. Hill, Carson City; Jerry Spaulding, Bedding; R. J. Robb, Mason; J, F. Re-4 ' _ of 10 cents per year which goes into the lot? main. Flint. Address all communications relative to the organization of new Clubs-to Mrs. C. P. Job-neon, Metamora, Mich. Associational Motto: The skillful hand,. with cultured mind, is the farmer's most valuable asset. Auoclatlonal sentiment: The farmer, he garners from the soil the primal wealth of nations. YEARLY PROGRAMS. ' lngham County Farmers' Club. The annual program for Ingham County Farmers' Club for 1913 contains on its colored cover the name of the Club and the year for which the program serVes, also the year of organizatiion, which was 1872. At the bottom of the cover page appears a fitting motto, “Growth is bet- ter than permanence and permanent growth is better than all." The regular meetings of this Club will be held on the second Saturday of each month, as shown by the onnouncement on the title page. Following that is a list of officers and directors for the current year and on the succeeding page appears a list of stand- ing committees of the Club. The suc— ceeding pages are devoted, one each, to the programs for the monthly meetings. An appropriate sentiment heads each program. Roll call is responded to in a manner appropriate to the program. The programs are complete in practically ev- ery detail and the table- committee for the month is named at the bottom of each page. Special features are a basket picnic in ’July, :1 Young People's Day in AuguSt and a Women’s Day in Novem- ber. On the last page of the program there is a memorial tribute to those who have gone before. Altogether, the pro- gram is a natural development of the long experience of this Club and is ad- mirably fitted to serve a. useful purpose in stimulating interest in monthly meet- ings of the organization. Thornapple Farmers’ Club. .The program of this Club is for the fiscal year from March 1, 1913 to March 1, 1914. At the bottom of the title page is an appeal to every member to remem- ber that interest in the Club cannot be kept up unless the members attend the meetings. The printed program simply gives the date of the meeting and the leading topic for discussion at each monthly meeting throughout the year. together with the .name of llle leader. the literary part of the program for each month being made a matter for a con- test to increase the Interest and member- ship of the Club. In this contest two leaders are appointed by the president, who choose sides, thus dividing the en- tire membership of the Club. each side to be awarded points of credit for the furnishing of literary programs, in the discharge of which duty the two sides alternate. A certain number of points are designated for each feature, such as 100 points for a five—minute speech by an active member,_ 50 points for an original essay, etc., all through the varied fea- tures of the program. Also each side is given a credit of 100 points for each new member secured. At the close of the contest in November the side having the least number of points Will same a good dinnerto the side that wins the highest number of points, this dinner to be serv- ed at the December meeting. The plan is an interesting one and should be a fruitful means of interesting the young people as well as the older members of the Club. Special feature meetings are a young People's Day in August and a Club Fair in October. On the back cove-r of this program appears the officers for the current year, the order of business followed by the Club. the amount of mem- bership dues, which are 25 cents per member payable in advance. and an.nn- nonncement ,of the date of the ‘mcotin'vs, which. argon the first Thursday of each month. At the bottom of the page is the appeal, ”Let us make this our ’banner year.” roughly} 30! .Stlmulabns interest, inf-the suntan. 1.8., re" Worthy: .0! 6mm— “chase t-viro dozen more song books. .44.. .»l _.‘ ,. _,;.“r, .—._ “I?“ by Other mum in the Winter Where ElllllllllmlllIlllllllllllllHlllllllll|llIIlIllIllllIIIIIIIIHIllIII!IlllllIlIllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIBIIIIIHIIIIIIIa] E] the young people are not as, actively In- terested as they should be. HIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIH a Grange. ElllllllllllllllHIlIIIIIIIIIIIIII|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllllllllllllllllfl , ' Our Motto—“The farmer is of more The Psnfif’ld Club. of Calhoun county, consequence than the farm, and should be has monthly programs. The Club owns first improved." .its own chairs and tables. Ten monthly meetings are held during the year, with special features, such as an ice cream social in July and an August picnic. The annual fees are 25-cents per year for each gentleman and the ladies pay a fee lllllllllIlllllllllllfllllll WHAT; THE LOCAL. CLUBS ARE ' .oome. THE MARCH PROGRAMS. State Lecturer’s Suggestions for First Meeting. Opening song. Progress of state legislature. Should the farmer favor the short bal- What is the short ballot? Market eggs and their improvement. Discussion. Stunts by a young person. Story of an°Agricultural Hero. Instrumental duet. floral fund. This Club has been repre- sented in the State Associational meet- ings for five years. A good socialtime is enjoyed at the meetings, which are R ll ll d It b h b 0 ca respon et 0 y eac mem er pleasant as well as profitable Occasions giving a duotation relating to Co—opera- for the members. “on. The Lebanon Club, of Hillsdale county, Song, in Thy was organized in 1896 when it had 100 Love. members. It now has but 41 members, Mugitéggestlons for Second Meeting. although it is in a DI‘OSDeI‘OIJS condition. toll call, responded to by each‘member The annual fees are 20 cents per mem- sham; adbad gads gxperience ll d ' ' at ogo roasmean ogrs an ber. Ten meetings are .held during the women on the farm? by one of them. year, the beaten furnishing tea, or coffee Echoes from a sermon heard 0,. read with "trimmings” and butter. The meal recently. - - stle dinner Recitation. ' ls served on lapboards An lflyh r i- What can this Grange do to promote is held once a year, at w C occas on co-operative producing, buying and sell- the men serve the dinner. Monthly pro- jng? grams are used. State and city milk inspection regula- tions. Discussion. ' Irish story tellers' half hour. CLUB DISCUSSIONS. ____~_._ FIRST INTER-COUNTY POMONA A HUMMER. "Fath er, VV-e’ 11 Rdst A Big “Church" Meeting.-——The Assyria. Farmers’ Club held its monthly meeting at the Assyria M. E. Church, Saturday, . . Jan, 25. No foremoon session was held ‘The SUCCESS 01" the J01nt Pomona meet- on account of the lateness of the hour. ing, held by the patrons of Eaton and llinner was served at 12:30 to about 100, Barry counties at Charlotte Jan. 25, ex- after which the meeting was called to ’ ’ , order with a song by the Club. “VVhaVa ceeded the wildest dreams of its promot- Friend.” Devotionals by Rev. McClure. ers. No little interest attached to the Thled 013,0;‘15 ‘Clgsfingla‘riena Salemgorénggé outcome of this meeting for the reason gt ethe 8225: withoay'seigndrengmber, that the holding of such union meetings "Immanuel.” The traveling library‘ will has been strongly urged by State Mas- h? ordered 500" and MTS- Nina Tasker ter Ketcham as an effective means of will}anrnlounvi):lgxtgrvghe‘dfiltgslglggt it}??? widening the acquaintance of patrons, 1:0{Stl ‘ly, b'et ff adin b Mrs quickening Grange enthusiasm genera-11y, gas rleruu 31‘; Clara orei long ha); ever increasing Pomona. membership and sum- Emma: i. l 0133:) th p rlld ada e that ulating effort in various directions ameng ”ed felmlic 01159;], n Ief 6:) b0 'sthWs an the subordinates. In other words, such 'aiibt’ doofcar: arnrinn he is rim t-l de- meetings were held essential to the com- Sigrimlbdeflcoij Smart gm wastephis ptinyl'e on plete‘ success of the Grange extenswn , ‘farmn and is advised t learn a pro- campaign planned by the State Grange "l ’ ‘ 0 executive committee and outlined in these fession. Girls are more liberally edu- . - - 0, columns two weeks ago. cated. Thelr time beln.3 of less value, as is stat 1 above, Eaton and Barry a result nine-tenths of farmers’ wives . - 4, are better educated than their husbands. $333533: abettingdastkhistlezlsl {figlgg’trgniugf Not that all farmers are ignorant, but . -’ . . . Barry being guests and supplying the that nine-tenths of them do lack a thor- r am The return meeting occurs at ough business education. Another fact p 0g? ' , , __ *. -. - . Hastings on Saturday, Mulch 1, With ‘5' that the getting 0f money alone IS “(3t conditions as to program and entertain- the surest mark of success. A mans , , _ - ment reversed. The attendance at Char bank account may reach the millions, lott roved something of a shock to the yet his life may be a miserable failure. t? p of, Eaton who had secured the No man’s life is a succeSs who “liveth pa '0”? . . _‘ n - Masonic temple for the Occasmn and Dre unto himself alone. "A readlng by Mrs. lar d to tertain at least 400 A care- Ida Kent on “The Farmers’ Wife,” and If 18 0 teghowed that 716 atedinner at a paper on “Farm Life", by Rev. J' E“ the 51-53% tables while something like 100 -lcClure completed a goodprogram. . . ‘. ‘ w ’ , more found it Impossible to get into the The C0“, 0f Producing Beano.——At a dining-room. In the eVening supper was recent meeting 0f the Napoleon Farmers’ served to about 400, making it a fairly Club, Of Jackson county, the SUbJe'Ct for busy day for those having this feature discussion was “The cost of producing of the meeting in charge. farm CI‘ODS-" 'MT- N- J- NiChOISv ‘who The forenoon was given up to hearing SPORE on the 00’“ 0‘ producing beans, reports from Granges represented—~26 said in part as follows: “Th? common subordinates responding—and to confer- bean is supposed to ,be a native 01’ the ring the fifth degree. The candidates for borders of the Caspian Sea, and they this degree marched to the Grange hall were Cultivated to a Small extent_ at in a body. There were 70 of them—40 least, In ancient times in Palestine, from Eaton county, 29 from Barry and Egypt“ and "1 southern Europe. They one from Ingham county. The work was are still being grown to some extent in given by the Eaton county degree team Michigan, as you W1” note when I give in a most impressive and thorough man- you the figures. The yearly acreage ner. ranges between 150.000 and 350,000 acres, After dinner Barry county took charge “'1th 8. total DTOdUCtIOH Of between 1,500,' of the work and furnished a very enter- 009 ‘1’}(1 5'500’000 bUSheIS per annum. I taining and instructive program. In the Will give you as nearly as I can, what a. entertainment section, Glass Creek bUSh‘él 0" beans COS: the farmer today, Grange carried the burden, furnishing an my figures being based on my own ex- instrumental quartet of splendid talent perienvce. Taking an average year about and liberal disposition, composed of Ira seven 1’9" cent or a "01) 0f beans have McCallum. first cornet; Forrest Havens. fallen into the class known as culls 01' second cornet; Ray Ervay, trombone, and damaged beans. My average yield for Charles Belson, clarionet. F. C. Kerr, ‘9'“ years was about 14 bushels per acre, also of Glass Creek Grange, was another or about 13 bushels of good salable beans. splendid card on the program, and his NOW what did It 00“ to raise ”“9 13 readings were superior to many heard on bushels 01' 309d b93713 I 5113-“ assume the lyceum stage. A dialogue furnished that we can hire a man and team at ’54 by Maple Leaf Grange, was irresistibly per day, and would estimate the total funny, and the piano duet by Mrs. Perk- expense as follows: Plowmg one acre, ins and Mrs. \Villiams was fine. An- $1.25; dragging four times. $1.08; seed other hit 'Of the program was a song by beans at 32'50» 51-872 drilling, -373 weed- Master John C. Ketcham, Jr., and his ing twice, .28; cultivating three times, sister, Ruth. $1.71; pulling and bunching, $1.91; turn- ‘The intellectual feast was in keeping ing twice, .50; drawing, .82; threshing, with the rest of the program. A. G .98; taxes on the land, .70; interest on Hathaway gave a five-mjnute talk on money invested, $4.50; total cost' of one “Alfalfa," telling of the experience of acre, $1597: or an average. 0‘ 351-23 per several of his neighbors in the raising bushel- We have said nothing about the of this wonderful plant and advising his pods, "0" about the board 01' the extra hearers to give it serious consideration. help, as I think the one would about bal- M. L. Cook, of Hastings, gave a short ance the 0th?“ talk on "Agricultural Education.” his The Coat of Producing Corn and Buck- central thought being the devising of wheat.—L. G. Palmer spoke on the above some means whereby each county repre- topic at the same meeting, giving his sented at the meeting might raise the estimate of the cost of growing an acre necessary funds to procure the services of corn as follows: Plowing, $2.20: drag- of a farm expert to assist and instlruct ging and rolling, $1.20; planting, .20; the farmer along the line of more solen- cultivating, $2; cutting, $1.50; husking, tific farming. Mr. Cook suggested that $3.50; drawing, .80; total, $12.20. C, A Barry and Eaton pool their interests and Eliot, inspeaking on the subject of buck- procure such an expert were it found wheat raising, gave his experience for that the expense would be.too great to the past year. He sowed 25 acres to be met by the counties individually. R. buckwheat, in order to obtain a good M. Bates made- converts to the cause of seeding. The crop cost him as nearly good roads through a short but spirited as he can estimate. $269.80. He harvest- talk on “The Cost of Bad Roads.” Mrs. ed ~540rbushels. a. part of which was sold J. C. Ketcham read an excellent paper at 60c per bushel. Figuring this price dealing with the care and education of for the whole crop, his profit'was $54 and children, and the State Master comment— es fines stand of clever as he ever saw. ed briefly on the success of the meeting, At thismeeting the Club decided to pur- predicting that the good effect of such » gatherings will extend far int-o the future. ISABELLA PATRONS PREPARE FOR REVIVAL OF INTEREST. A splendid meeting of Isabella County Pomona was held with Mt. Vernon Erange. Wednesday, Jan. 29. Mt. Vernon meets in a large cement hall built about ten years ago, and standing as a monu- ment to the industry and loyalty of the members of that subordinate. Almost t‘he first to arrive at the meet- ing were a sister .and brother who had driven 20 miles through the cold. More soon came, however, and by noon seven of the nine Granges in the county were represented, and also one Grange in Clare county. After dinner the Grange was called to order and, following a few preliminaries, the writer spoke in answer to the ques« tion, “What is the Grange for?” A very pleasant session followed in which visiting members gave teStimony of their loyalty to the order and their faith in its mis- sion to the people who live in the coun- try. Oificers were then installed and by this time some of the best cooks in Michigan were all ready to deliver the next number, for it was time for supper. The evening program was open to the public. It began with a number by Mt. Vernon Grange rchoir. The writer will never forget the first time he heard this choir sing. It was ten years ago and of course there have been some changes here as elsewhere since then, but it is still one of the best in this part of the State. A gentleman from Mt. Pleasant spoke for a time in support of the county road- system, and the writer followed with an address upon “Co-operation.” Fruits of the Meeting. After every great rally of men and women for any purpose comes the all- important queStiou, Has any permanent good been accomplished? It is my be- lief that on this occuSion purposes were formed and plans made which will result in much help to the Granges in that county. A deputy is soon to be sent to the weaker Granges, and one of the objects of my visit to the county at this time was to solicit the co-operation of the en— tire membership in making the visit of this deputy helpful to those for whom it has been planned. It seemed that a. very general purpose was formed at the meeting to make this year’s work mem- orable in the annals of Grange history in the county, those present apparently realizing the very important fact. that the Grange in Isabella county is in their keeping, and that no deputy. and no state speaker, can save- it Without their co-operation. Grcal rcsults in Isabella county may be expected during the year to come; in filCt, all over the state there is a fee-ling that things are “on the up grade.” This courage and this faith are truly inspiring to every true patron. and Should lead us to redouble our efforts for a splendid harvest of good things in the near future. W. F. TAYLOR. —_.—__._.. AMONG THE LIVE GRANGES. Steps Toward a Pomona orgainzalion in Livingston county were taken by How- ell Grange zlt its closing meeting of the old year, its secretary being instructed to take the matter up with the other subor- dinates in the county. Present officers of Howell Grange are: Manter, W'. J. VVit- 1y: overseer, W. J. Hosley; lecturer, Mrs. ll. E. Reed; steward. 1*}, M. Bigelow; as- sistant steward, E. D. Lawson; chaplain, it. C. Reed; secretary, Mrs. Etlta \Vorth- ington; treasurer, E. It). Towe; gate keep- er, L. R. Richards; Ceres. Mrs. R, Bra- mer; Pomona. Mrs. Jas. Sexton; Flora, Ethel Francis: lady assistant steward, Mrs. E. Lawson. Ingham Pomona hold an unusually good meeting at Mason on Jan. 25, with 12 of the county‘s subordinates represented. Supcrvision work for the county was giv— en some attention. It]. A. Holden. of Cap- ltol Grange, ll. M. Young, of Mason Grange, and Mrs. F, Taylor, of Telephone Grange, being appointed a committee to direct the work during the year. Over 150. took dinner at the Grange hall. after which came the lecture hour. which was open to the public. H. R. Pattengill. of Lansing, C. H. Bramble. of Tecumseh. Frank I". Rogers. deputy state highway commissioner, and Walter S. Foster, for-— mer prosecuting attorney. gave addresses. Mr. Pglttengill talked along educational lines, Mr. Bramble on agriculture, Mr. Rogers explained the county road system and Mr. Foster advocated woman’s suf- frage. He felt that the subject was one of vital interest. a step in the right di-' motion and united effort would win the day for the women. Considerable atten- tion was given to the question of high cost of living, which was discussed by C. W. Jewell, of Telephone Grange C. L. Hewet’t and “'m. Sturgis, of 'Cedar Grange, A. E. Mills. of Capitol Grange and D. D. Hurlburt, of Ingham Grange: All seemed to feel that the cause was the high toll paid to the middleman and municipal markets were suggested ,as a remedy. ‘ COMING EVENTS. Pomona Meetings. Genesee Co., wit Flint Feb. 21. h Grange, Friday, Ingham Co., with Cedar Gran 9 Sat- urday, Feb. 22. Patriotic prografin: Inter-county Pomonas. Eaton and Barry Co’s at Ha ti Saturday, March 1. S ngs, Washtenaw and Wayne Co’s at Yp- silanti. Tuesday, March 11. Southwestern Michigan counties, at Kalamazoo. to meet Pres. K. L. Butter— field in conference on rural life, Friday March 14. ' ild Your Ne OW Repair or Remodel Old Buildings now: Q Q ‘ A MllllOll of Sash, Doors and Lumber at 50c on the Dollar: M v . IF YOU are going to build a new house or barn; if you plan to remodel or repair an old one,'we can save you a lot of money if you buy before the advance. Lumber is going up. Millwork prices are soaring. Everything in the building material line is on a rising market. Our present prices are 50 per cent under the market. We saw what was coming and fortified ourselves by heavy investments in raw material while prices were down to bed rock. Our warehouses and yards are filled to overflowing. We are shipping out this million-dollar stock of finest lumber and building material direct to the actual users, at prices based on actual cost to us. Doors, Windows, Mouldings, Flooring, Roofing, Wall Board, Stair Work, Porch Work, Lumber, all kinds of Millwork—OUT THEY GO! It keeps the plant humming, makes friends for the Gordon-Van Tine Co. We are satisfied with a modest manufacturing profit. Save $500 to $1,500 Cash on Your New House Buy all your Building Material direct from our mammoth plant, at less than the dealer pays. Our under-the— market prices save you $500 to $1,500 on a new house. We have furnished the material for more than 100,000 homes. We Ship wherever railroads go. We guarantee quality, safe delivery and satisfaction or refund every dollar and pay freight both ways. Three big banks behind our guarantee. Satisfied customers in every community throughout U. S. Our Free Plans Save You $50 to Sl50 Architect’s Foss! We furnish all the mate— rial for handsome. modern stairs at “a" Our Stair neparlmem . .. . and up it All styles and ‘ sizes.plain and $ '0 PerGallon “ . 5OOSPECIAL — ‘ ' OFFERS on House Paint. Barn Paint. Floor Paint. fancy. at . . . v . Siii’ii’eiieoiig'fis‘mfi‘é 50 For $2 57 Per 100 ./ and Supplies. Cent f 'tm Spindles Sq. Feet CATALOG FREE on Request Belowpealers' Bé’iumzi 10 Prices Stair Newel 1‘ 1:3" I L 0 Per Roll of ~-~ . , »l .] ‘,,‘ 90C 108 sq. ft. 5: .;@.-; I" I: » V i i; ‘ I E / I, m! , .‘ , . .,, . , .. , i a ..,;.,_ _ . - , i 1, , - - a — .Is . _ __., e, - . 1 ‘ y _ | on .._ _ «m . <_ Lumber and Millwork Lumber and Millwork Lumber and Millwork Lumber and Millwork lit ’ W for this House. $469 for this House. 8690 for this House. $567 for this House. 3699 for this House, 3750 for this House, 3895 .F M . 1 in .' ' All Styles and Sizes, . .l-g‘Plain and Fancy, at @5311: llAlF Dealers’ Prices 66c l/EBUIQN / 4 Books 4 I Gordon-Vanflno Co. 5003 Case St, Davenport, la. ’ Gentlemen:—Please send the ’ books checked below. ' . : Four Free Books and catalogs—5,000 Bargain Offers Send the Coupon Now. Prompt Action Saves Big Money Fill out and mail the coupon on this page. Do it at once! It will bring you the W’orld’s Greatest Building Material Catalog. the wonderful Book of 50 Practical Plans. the Lumber List and the Roofing Book. In writing for the Plan Book, enclose 10c to pay postage and mailing. 7.W anEgS/ ‘ GORDONWHNECQ LBOOKOP‘PLANS This? free book contains 60 complete. ThigFme Leumerook This Catalog is a veritable Treasury . of Building Material Bar ains. Over roven plans for Houses. Cot" ges. and nice List will save O£f0%msgg% cam Specie 5.000 startling offers on nest Doors. ungalows, etc., costing firom to You 00 to on a car. . , Sale Prices. on the Windows, Mouldings. Millwork, Build- .000. Cost never exceeds estimate Ofid-LaB'IBh-Smde Lum- world'sbeatbrandsfifiod' Address ....................................... ers' Hardware, Paint, Stair Work, f you build from Gordon-Van Tine $3 f 93.1,?“ Sign 195 Rféfllflw)“ {0“ Mid aw- Porch Work. Mantels, Grates. Fur- Plans. Enclose 10 cents for postage on," finmlgyfim 1‘3, om“ ”hagp‘mtgm‘g * naces etc., etc. and mailing. BEE ESTIMATE. me“. - ’ E u te . ' ‘- > . ' ' I ‘ OCCHNIZIOfl ........................................... 8 II“; S FR E ! Gordon -V_a_n I we Company I a Mlllwork D'Plan Book A, I “nus ed, _ _ _ g .. l .. ' 5003 Case, Street, Davenport, town I” B Roofing D Lumber l E ' I V ' In sending for Plan. Book. enclose 10 cents for post 5 ‘ e - and mailing. You will receive the books by return P t