:— *





an .





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VOL. CXL. No. 10. ;

,Wholc Number 3633.





,

a” z





///I//” . ,/ /





 





The Ofily Weekly Agricultural, Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State.





DETROIT, MICH., SATURDAY, iMARCH 8, 1913.





was





\





. ‘\\\\ .\\





 





50 CENTS A YEAR.

82 FOR 5 YEARS.





‘Reasons For and Benefits of Tile Drains.





so dry as not to be susceptible of

improvement by artificial drainage,

for :land is never in a perfect condition

in that respect unless all the rain that

falls on it can soak 'dOWn to the minimum

depth required for healthy development;

of the roots of cultivated crops, and the-n

find vent‘either through a. naturally por-

ous soil or by artificial channels.

Probably no better illustration can be

given of the effects of water on growing

plants than what we see in the case of

plants growing in pots; every pot is pro-

vided with a hole in the bottom to allow

the water to drain out when the soil

becomes saturated and with the excep-

tion of water or bog plants, this drainage

is necessary. If we see plants whose

foliage turns yellow or drops off or which

fail to grow and whose whole appearance

is unthrifty we are almost sure to find

the trouble to be at the roots and not

unfrequently we find the drainage clog-

ged and the roots inactive. Turning the

plant out of 'the pot,

placing some bits of

broken crockery at the

bottom, then some

coarse material, the

plant is returned to its

place and filled in With

‘fresh soil and in a few

days it starts into a new .

growth and shows that

it can grow if the con-





THERE is very little land naturally





ditions are, suitable;

without healthy roots

there can be no healthy

growth. A supply of





water is necessary for

the roots to take from

the soil what they need,

but the water must

pass off and not remain

stagn'ant,‘ or disease

and death will follows

The case is exactly the

same with plants grow-

ing in thefields where

there is an excess of

moisture below the sur-

face. '

Drainage is a good

and permanent invest-

ment, and when com-

pleted will return to the

farmer a high rate of

interest on the money

invested. The farmers

generally, may he‘slow-

er in seeing the results

than theibusiness man

of the city who is read-

iest to perceive im-

prOVements and take

advantage of them. He

may consider slowlyand

deliberately and in some

instances cling to old .

customs and hesitate to adopt new

methodS, but when he is convinced of

the value of a good thing he should not

be,_and is by no means, slow in taking

hold of it. It may be. true that some

things have united to ' make him more

cautious in expenditurevfor improvements

and" led him to think he had better cm]-

tinue as best he can in the old ruts of

“the‘past, trusting to luck and possibly

good weather for a limited measure of

success.’ But 'Why take a risk when

success;can be made certain and .the

ecst of improvements be made 'manifold.

Wh'en'It‘he farmer can surely double his

crops iWithput increasing, but ‘ reathen les-





 





sening, the cost of cultivation and when





he can make one field give the results

of two, why should he hesitate? Your

fellow farmers say this can be done and

they who haVe made the experiments





9





 





give their experience in their own con-

versations, each in his own language,

but all reaching the same conclusions.

One says fields that five or six years ago

averaged 25 bushels of grain now run up

to 50 or 60 once they are tiled. Another

says that as a result of tiling one-sixth

of an increase in the production of grain

is a very low estimate. Still another

says that the crop is dOubled, while the

expense of working is much lower. An-

other says: “I have had a long and

varied experience with tile drainage on

my farm, and claim that when the work

is well done I have realized 25 per cent

on my investment in the increased yield

of a single crop.”



The matter of cost need scarcely be

considered if it is true, as asserted, that

the increase of crops will pay the ex-

pense of tiling in even five yea-rs. But it

is agreed by many that two or three

years is the longest time necessary, while

often the increase in the first year’s crop

pays the cost of under-draining many a.





to 15 bushels of corn per acre changed

into fields yielding from 60 to 75 bushels

per acre and the price of land advanced

from $25 to $50 then $75 per acre and

the same lands are now selling from $125

to $200 per acre. And the tile factories

are running to their fullest capacity to

meet the increased demand for their pro-

ducts, despite the fact that millions of

dollars have already been spent in tiling.

I doubt whether there can be found

among the progressive farmers any who,

after a faithful trial, are ready to de—

clare' their work of tiling even a partial

failure, or who would not say that til-

ing, with good roads, is the very best

investment they have made,



It is manifest that a wet soil can nev-

cr be pulverized. Plowing clayed, or

even loamy soil when wet, tends rather

to press it together and render it less





previous to air and water. The effect of

tiling is to admit air to the surface soil

and to draw out of it all the water that

will run out, so that in early spring or





tion to plow. Usually such tracts are

uneven, some spots being lower than

others‘ and the water settles in the lower

places. In such places the farmer drives

his team knee deep in the- softened mud

and finds a stream of water following in

the furrow, or he rises upon a knoll bak-

ed hard by the sun, and one-half of the

surface, when finished, is shining with

plastered mild and ready to dry into the

consistency of bricks while the other‘is

already in hard, dry lumps, like paving

stones, and about as easily pulverized.

This is hard work for both teams and

men; hard in the plowing and hard in

the whole process of cultivation. The

same field, well tiled, is friable and por-

ous and uniform in texture and may be

well plowed asd readily pulverized if tak-

en iu hand at any reasonable season.



In this connection attempts have been

made to estimate the saving in horses

and men by tiling and it is thought that

it was a reasonable calculation to fix it

at one in four, or :35 per‘ cent, or we may

say that it will take

four horses to do the





 





 





 





work that three horses





can do on the same



land when tiled.

Drainage promotes



absorption of fertiliz-





ing substance from the

air and supplies air to

the roots. Plants, if

they do not breathe

like animals, require

for their life almost the

same constant supply

of air. All plants die

in soils and water des—

titute of oxygen. Ab-

sence of air acts exact-

ly in the same manner

as the excess of car-

bonic acid. Stagnant

water on a marshy soil

excludes air but a re-

moval of the water

warms a wee soil and

facilitates a. e r a. t i o n .

Among the advantages

of thorough tiling is. the

circulation o f air

through the soil.



One vital effect of an

excess of water in the

soil is that it produces

a. corresponding (limi—

nution of the amount

of aiu beneath the sur—

face, which air is (if the

greatest possible conse—

quence in the nutrition

of. plants. In fact, if air

were entirely excluded

germination could not





 





farm. For these reasons the tiling of

many farms in Ohio, Indiana and Illinois

has progressed from at first a hesitat—

ing, doubting trial' until at‘ present the

farmer who'does not tile is difficult to

find, while a few years ago the man who

did drain properly was the exception.

Twenty—five or 30 years ago wooden

ditches, imperfectly made, and lasting

but a short time, were used to some ex—

tent in these states. ,Tile had already

been used _to~a limited extent and, al-

though the wo‘rk met with rbitter oppo-





sitiOn because of the expense, the advo-

catesof progress slowly gained ground,

showing their faith even by borrowing





money when necessary to buy tile, farm-

ers being convinced that if it paid to

borrow money for anything, certainly it

might well be done to-push tiling. Mark

the result! Wet lands_yielding from 10





 





 





Michigan Educational Exhibit at the Recent National Corn Exposition, at Columbia, South





late autumn it may be worked with the





plow as advantageously as undrained

land in mid-summer. Tiling lengthens

the season for labor and vegetation.





When a wet Winter is succeeded, as is

often the case, by a torrid summer with-

out the ceremony of an intervening

spring, farmers have need of all their

energy to get their seeds seasonably in

the ground. The earth is saturated with

water and the- -1and designed for cultiva-

tion frequently can not be plowed until

late in the spring and all the processes

of fitting the soil for planting are neces-

sarily hurried and imperfect. We know,

too, that in such ground the- surface be-

comes hard and bakes quickly, so that

it can not be worked properly. This is

not the case with tiled lands. It is diffi-

cult to find one day in the year whena

wet piece of land is in a” suitable condi-





 





 





take place and seed

sown would either de—

cay or lie dormant.

The condition promoted in the soil

through tiling affects its temperature.

Pot grown plants may still further serve

to show the bad effect of a. surplus of

water in the soil. All plant growers are

very careful in cold weather about wat-

ering their plants at night, knowing by

experience that evaporation will too

greatly reduce the temperature and thus

check and stunt the plants. The case is

the same in effecti over large areas

where the water is held in the soil be-

low the surface. The temperature is

kept many degrees below- what it would

be if good drainage existed. Vegetation

commences later in the spring, arrives

at maturity later, and is coarser in tex-

ture’ in such soils. The market gardner,

the fruit grower, the farmer, can not

afford to raise crops on any but well





Carolina.





‘drainedland. The excess of water in,
290*2





the soil keeps down its temperature in

various ways, and the sun has not the

pOWer to warm such soils for several

reasons, among which are: first, the soil

is rendered cold by evaporation; second,

heat will not pass downward in water,

never warm the soil. ex-





so that it can



cent as it is conducted downward by

some other medium than water itself;

third. heat being distributed in water





only by circulation, anything which 0b-

structs circulation prevents the passage

-of heat. \Vater. when in the soil in

quantity, in passing into the state of

vapor, rapidly carries off the heat' which

the soil has taken from the sun's 'ays.

it also carries off: heat by radiation when

present in'excess and in a stagnant state.





The Disposal of Soil Water.



Now the average rainfall is 32.18 inches

each year. and this water will be dis-

posed of in three ways: first, used up by

growing plants; second. (lowing away

either over the surface or by ditches:

third. by evaporation. \\'hcn we speak

of so many inches of rainfall we seem

to be dealing with small quantities of

water. but the gross amount, is large.

One inch of rainfall means 112 tons of

water per acre. and the annual rainfall

is 3.600 tons per acre per year. The rain-

fall for six months. from April to Sep-

tember. is lillit inches. Suppose an acre

planted in corn produces 20 tons. and

assuming that it will evaporate from its

leaves and stems ttti times its own weight

of watcr, about 6‘3. inches of rainfall will

used by the growing crop. leaving 13

inches to be disposed of in six months

by tho tiowage and evaporation which

will take placc from any moist soil. Thus

six inches of the semi-annual rainfall is

made way with and the remaining seven

inches would tlow away by drains if such

werc provided. In their absence this mass

of watcr can be. diSposcd of only through

in the natural evaporation.

Evaporation is a powerful cooling proc-

To evaporate one pound of water

will consume an amount of hcat sufficient

to raise the tcmpcraturc of live pounds

of water from freezing to boiling licztt.

Thus by evaporating such a mass of wat-

er the temperature of the soil is lowered

to a surprising degree. with a corres-

ponding handicap for vegctable life.



Soil Water vs. Soil Temperature.



If we attempt to make good this loss

of heat caused by the unnecessary evap-

oration and to the normal tem-

perature of such soil it would require all

the heat produced by burning tifv tons of

coal for every acre. No wonder that the

farmer calls such soil cold. Any means

by which we draw ofi' this water without

evaporating it will be a large addition to

the available tcmperaturc of the Soil

during the growing season. Every tile

that discharges five tons of water a day

for six months saves an amount of heat

equivalent in tons of coal; it is thus

that soil over-charged with water is kept

at a lowor temperature than a similar

soil well drained. \Yhen rain water sinks

freely into the ground to a depth of sev-

cral feet and then finds ready exit by

drainage. it carries down with it the

heat which it has acquired from the at-

mosphere and sun-heated surface. and

imports it to the soil. This has been

determined by numerous observations.

The importance of the result can not be

well overrated for the temperature and

other conditions of atmosphere called cli-

mate arc beyond human control: this

power of raising the temperature of all

wet. and consequently cold. soils. be-

comes tantamonnt'in some of its' results;

a power of improving the climate.

there being good ground for stating that

in numerous cases grain crops have

ripened from 10 to 14 days sooner than

they would have done had not the land

on which they grew been tiled.



Tiling Prevents Drought.

proposition is somewhat startling

How can tiling land make

it more moist? One would as soon think

of watering land to make it dry. A

drought is the enemy we all dread. Some-

body has, a plan for producing rain with

explosives in the air. A great objection

to this is that they can not limit their

showers to a particular place and all the

public may never be ready f0r a shOWer

on the same day. '



If we can really protect land from

drought by undermining it. everybody

may begin at once without offence to his

neighbor. If a handful of rich soil of

almost any kind be taken up after a

rain we can squeeze it hard enough with

the hands to bringout drops 'of water.

If a larger quantity of the same soil was

taken up, after it had become so dry

thatt‘not a drop of water" could be press-

ed out by the hand, and subjected to the





ho





a it increase





(‘33.





l‘t‘Sltil‘e





Pr

1.)





to





This

at first view.





I





THE MICHIGAN FARM/ER;





pressure of machinery we would force

from it more water. Any boy who has

watched the precess of making cider by

the old-fashioned process, has seen the

pomace after it had once been pressed

apparently dry and cut down, and the

screw applied anew. give out quantities

of juice. The facts illustrate first, how

much water may be held in the soil by

attraction. They show again that more

water may be held by a pulverized soil

than a compact one. This increasad ca-

pacity to retain moisture by attraction

is the greatest security against drought.

After more rain falls than the ground

can readily absorb the excess settles into

the drains and flOWs away, leaving the

soil in a suitable condition for the- roots

of the growing plants. But in a dry time

the air upon the surface is heated by

the sun's rays which are absorbed by the

top layer of soil. This heated air ex-

pands and rises. just as warm air rises

from the heated stovc.





Physical Effects of Drainage,



Another important effect of drainage

is that air passmg through the soil oxi-’

dizcs a portion of the plant food in it,

both mineral and organic. thus increas-

ing the fertility of the soil. Also, it of-

ten destroys poisonous substances in the

soil like the pro—salts of iron which the

access of air changes into inocuous per-

oxide. Particularly is this true of all

clayey soils. There are occasionally stiff

clay soils which are. in their natural

state. impervious to water. or nearly so,

and thcse are the very soils which, with-

out drainage, are practically worthless.

It would at first view seem that such

soils could not. from their constitution,

be susceptible of drainage, and were it

not for a provision of nature which seems





especially to aid our labors. such lands

must be, given over as bopclcss. Butall

soils. and clay in particular, expand

whcn Wet and contract when dry. \thn

ilirsc drains are laid in clay the soil

next to the tile is deprivcd of its mois-

ture and. of course. rendered dryer than

the rest. This causes it to crack and

the cracks are found by observation to





conuncncc at the drain and extend fur-

thcr and further in 'almost straight lines

into the subsoil forming minor drains or

feeders, all leading to the tile. These

main fissures have numerous small ones

divcrging from thcm so that the whole

mass is divided and subdivided into the

smallest portions. The main fissures

gradually enlarge as the dryness in-

creases and at the some time lengthen

out so that in time they may be traced

quite a distance from the drains.



In additimi to the evils enumerated it

is well known that wci lands, if in grass,

produce only the coarser varieties and

many subdtquatic plants of no value for

pasture. llcrbnge late coming in the

spring and fails early in the, fall and an-

imals grazing on it are unduly liable to

disease. \thn such land is used for

cultivation, operations are easily inter-

rupted by the rain and the compactness

and the toughness of the soil renders

labor more arduous than is necessary on

dry lands and with all the usual precau-

tions the best seedt'ime is often missed,.

and this proves the prelude to a scanty

harvest. Even the deep breaking of the,

subsoil and the deep tillage so beneficial

in other circumstances generally in-

jurious on such land. as it increases its

power of retaining water.



It would seem from the remarks of

those who till the earth that there never

was a season just right; that rains had

been sent down so plentifully and at such

wrong seasons of the year as to always

blight our harvest. Our potatoes, corn

and beans are rotted by the summer

showers or cut off by the drought. No

man admits that he lacked skill to culti-

vate his crops and seldom does a farmer

attribute his failure to the. poverty of

his soil. He has planted and cultivated

in such a way that in a favorable season

he would have reaped a fair reward for

his toil. but as has been claimed, the

season has been too wet or too dry. Still,

with full faith that farming will pay in

the long run, our friend resolves to plant

again the same lands in the same man-

ner, hoping for the future better luck

that seldom comes. '



Too much cold water is at the bottom

of most of these complaints of unpropi—

tious seasons as well as at the bottom of

the soils, and the evils can only be re-

moved or greatly lessened by thorough

tiling. Moderate rains then cease to ar-

rest such work and deep tillage aids the

drainage and is in every way beneficial,

helping to make earlier seedtime and

fuller harvests.



Suggestions.

1. Have the work laid out and platted





is





is





by an experienced, man and keep the

plats for future use. . .

tile should have sufficient out-





2. The

let. . .



3. The tile should be deep enough to

drain the lowest places.



4. The bottom of the drain should be

to a true grade.



5. Every tile should be perfect in form





and burned hard enough to have a clear

metallic ring.





6. Be sure the tile is large enough.



7. See that the tile join neatly when

laid.



Mason Co. 0. N. TYNDALL.





THE THEORY AND PRACTICE OF

LAND DRAINAGE.



The. above was the topic of a series of

lectures delivered at the Round-Up In-

stitute by Prof. J. A. Jeffery, of M. A.

C. In the first of these he said in part:



To get rid of excess water upon agri-

cultural land is desirable, first because

the evaporation of water requires heat

that should go to warm up the soil and

prepare it for receiving plants. The lab-

oratories show us that it requires about

five times the amount of heat to warm

water that it does to warm dry soil. It

requires this large amount of heat merely

to increase the temperature of the wat-

c'r; but where it is necessary to get rid

of this surplus water by evaporation in-

stcad of through drains demands a vast-

ly greater amount-of heat. To evaporate

a single gram of water requires over 500

times the heat that is needed to raise

the temperature of water one degree and

over 2,500 times the amount demanded

to raise the temperature of the soil one

degree. It will therefore be understood

by every informed mind that drainage

assists in warming up the fields in the

springtime and thereby enables the

plants to get an early start. During the

first warm spring days when plenty of

moisture is present on the land. 30 tons

of water is evaporated on an acre every

24 hours, and later when most of the

water gone, about 10 tons will be

evaporated on a single acre. So here an

enormous quantity of heat is used that

would go to heat the soil if the water

was gotten rid of by drainage.





 





is





Another point to be considered, said

Prof. Jeffery, is the supply of air in the

soil. Oxygen is necessary for the ger-





mination of seeds, which is readily prov-

cn by excluding it from the presence of

the seeds when they will not germinate.

Again. the nitrlfying bacteria of the soil

cannot perform their functions if oxygen

and nitrogen are lacking. In certain

forms these bacteria will feed upon and

destroy actual'plant food if there is no

oxygen

Furthermore, leguminous plants 'having

nodules upon the roots that supply the

plants with nitrogen also require the

presence of oxygen and nitrogen to do

their important part in land renovation

and improvement. Now, when the soil

is charged with a surplus of water it is

impossible for the air to percolate into

the soil and feed the seeds and bacteria

and nodules with the elements mention-

ed. Removing this water through asys-

tern of drains enables these wants to be

supplied and a great benefit done to the

land from the farmer's standpoint.

What Lands Need Drainage?

After reviewing these and other rea-

sons for tile drainage, Prof. Jeffery stat-

ed and answered the question, what lands

need drainage? We are coming to ap«

preciate that a much greater area of our

land would be benefited by drainage than

was thought a few years ago. There are

places which appear to be perfectly

drained because of natural conditions,

and yet demonStration proves it to be

profitable to install some system of drain—





age. Often on the side of hills there

will be spots where the water will not

leach away and frequently farms that





have a gentle slope that naturally would

look to be prOperly drained remain cold

and wet. Then, too, there are spongy

basins at the foot of slopes which re-

quire the same treatment. These places,

together with the large area of level

lands over our'state would be greatly

improved by the use of tile drains.

The Kind of Tile to Use.



The kind of tile to use is not only an

important question, but one concerning

which much inquiry is now being made.

The Professor exhibited a tile which had

recently been excavated from the college

grounds and which is known to have

been in the ground at least 30 years. It

was stated that many inquiries came to

the department with regard to the util-

ity of cement tile. The speaker stated

thathe had believed these tile to been





present to supply their wants.





 





; MARCH :8, .1913. .1

right when pr'0perly made. He has. how-

ever, found it necessary to make one ex- .

caption, In muck coils where there is

a large quantity of organic matter there

appears to be danger of cement the giv-

ing way on the lower side after a. short

time. It was his impression. however,

that in other soils these tile-could be

safely used, especially when made with

plenty of cement. The clay tile will us-

ually crumble where it is placed in a.

shallow ditch and is reached by frost.

This is due to the absorption of water

by the walls which, in freezing, expand

and destroy the tile.



The questions is frequently asked, "how

the water gets into the tile?” In all ex-

cept cement tile, water enters almost

wholly at the joints. In the case of ce-

ment it has been calculated by Prof.

Jeffery that fully 1,500 tons of water

Would pass through the walls of cement

tile on an acre of land in the course of

a day when the drains are constructed

four rods apart. In other words, cement

tile absorbs water through the walls very

readily, while other tile secure the water

almost entirely through the joints.





The Size of Tile to Use.



Prof. Jeffery next stated that one could '

determine with fair accuracy the size of

tile to use. knowing the area to be drain-.

ed and the grade to which the tile are

laid. A three-inch tile will under ordi-

narily favorable circumstances carry the

water from five acres; a four-inch tile

from 12 acres, a five-inch tile from 20

acres; a six-inch tile from 40 acres and

a seven-inch tile from 60 acres. Under

no conditions would the speaker use less

than three—inch tile. this being the size

employed for laterals. It is a rule gen-

erally followed by tile drain experts'that

where the grade is increased one inch

the area thata certain siZed tile will‘sat-

isfactorily drain is increased about one-

third.



A number of systems of laying out drains

were illustrated on the blackboard, the

point being made that no universal plan

can be adopted, every farm being aprob-





lem unto itself. The course of drains

must be. adapted to local conditions to

give permanent and effective results.





Another point was that two branches

should not enter a main line from oppo-

site sides at the same point. the laterals

should rather be alternated with respect

to the place where they Join the main

line of tile.



The Question of Fall.



In a majority of instances the quantity

of fall becomes an important factor in

the construction of drains. Where the

land is level it is sometimes difficult to

secure sufi‘lcient fall to make the drain

do its work well without exercising ex-

treme care. A three-inch fall to every

100 feet is a liberal grade; a two-inch

fall is common; and one inch is also fre-

quently used; while drains have been

successful that were given only one-half

inch fall per 100 feet. It must be ob-

served, however. in this regard that the

less the fall the greater the care re-

quired in grading and laying the tile, and

the larger the tile needed, asindlcated in

a former paragraph.



It is frequently expedient to change

the grade of the tile in their course from

the headwaters to the outlet and certain

things must be taken account of in-such

a plan. There can be no objection to

changing the grade from a small to a

large one. as such a change will enable

the tile near the outlet to take care of

the water delivered by the tile above.

But where the opposite. plan is attempted

a difficulty may arise. VVlth a heavy fall

to the upper tile they will naturally rush

water into those. below and the latter,

being laid to a smaller grade, will check

the flow, which reduces the power of the

liquid to hold foreign material in suspen-

sion and is likely to cause silt'to be de-

posited in the tile. Hence, should it be

necessary to construct drains after the

manner just mentioned, provision should

be made for installing a slit well where

the grade changes from the high to the

low one. This silt well will collect the

deposit, from which it may be removed

at intervals.



This closed the first lecture on the

“Theory and Practice of Land Drain-

age.” In the short discussion following

it was emphasized that cement tile

should be made rather rich in cement,

the proportion of one part cement to four

parts sand was considered about proper.

One party testified that he had cement.

tile that had now been in the ground

seven years and appeared to be working ,

very well. Another suggested that if, 91- "

ter the tile have set, they be buried in

damp sand for several weeks, the quality

of the tile will be greatly improved.
MARCH 8, 1913.





TESTING THE SEED CORN.





 





The month of March is the time to test

the seed corn that was selected with so

much care last fall, and, having been

dried before exposure to freezing tem-

peratures, was preserved through winter

under the best conditions of_ aeration and

humidity.



Testing the seed corn Is a very nec-

essary operation, because it is the only

process by which all the bad cars and

those of weak germination can be elim-

inated. Poor germination is sure to

cause a poor stand of corn, and a poor

stand always means a poor crop. On the

other hand, a large yield means that ev-

ery square rod of land is producing its

required number of corn plants, in a





good vigorous condition, having a. uni-

form start, in life, and bidding fair to

give maximum yields.



Good vigorous seed produces much





stronger plants than seed of weak ger-

mination. This, then, is another decid-

ed advantage gained by testing seed corn.

The vigorous seed will make a good

growth under more unfavorable condi-

tions of climate and soil than will seed

corn with even a suggcstion of weakness

and may, therefore, be planted earlier,

when the soil is somewhat colder and a





_very desirable addition be made thus to





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





cluding the medium kernels, and Pile No.

3, including the wide kernels. The plant-

er can then be set for each class of ker-

nels as they are planted and, if carefully

done, the planter should drop the re-

quired number of kernels in over 90 per

cent of the hills. This does away with

the work of thinning down to the) re-

quired number of stalks, which is an

expensive job. In the care of carefully

tested seed it is generally unnecessary to

plant; more than the required number of

kernels. Carefully tested and carefully

planted seed is absolutely necessary in

securing maximum yields of corn.



Mich. Ag. Col. C. L. COFFEEN.

THE PRICE OF FARM LAND.

\Vlll good productive farm land ever

rcach its limit in price? There ought to

be a. maximum standard of value. In

other words, the farmer who makes a

purchase of a farm should not pay more

for the soil than an amount. on which it

will pay a fair dividend, figuring out all

expenses and cost of production, includ-

ing five per cent intcrcst on purchase

price and allowing a good wage for the

owner who devotes his time and labor to

its management. It is safe to say that

there are not many farms in the state

of Michigan, or any other state, that are





 





 





the length of the growing season. If the

spring remains damp and cold and the

soil does not warm up‘ to the point where

nit‘rates are being formed, an application

of 50 to 125 pounds of nitrate of soda,

mixed with sand, per acre, will give the

young plants a. start, develop rcach in

the roots and get them into condition to

make the best use of the soil nitrates as

soon as the soil warms sufficiently to

allow them to become available for the

use of the plants.



The above is an illustration of a very

good germination box, dimensions :i0x1l0x

:1 inches inside measurement. The box

is filled about two—thirds full of sand.

Tacks or small nails are driven around

the sides two and onc~half inches apart

and twine is strung on these tacks in

such a manner as to divide the surface

of the sand into two and one—half inch

squares. The above illustration shows

Mr. I’otts in the act of stringing one of

ttheSe boxes.



This work is best done in the early

spring when the farmers have more time

for this work than later and, as a mat-

ter of fact, it would be difficult to find

a more profitable employment in any of

the farm activities throughout the entire

year.



Considerable judgment is required in

deciding what ears shall be thrOWn out.

The most efficient work requires that the

root be carefully observed as well as the

leaves and any ea-r showing a weakness

in root development should be discarded.

In general, if the root development is

weak, the leaf development will also be

weak. Just at this time a considerable

amount of labor can be saved by sepa-

rating the tested‘ corn into three divisions

or piles as follows: Pile No. 1, includ-

ing the narrow kernels. Pile No. 2, in-





 





 





 





 





Dlvldlng the Testing Box Into Squares, for Testing Kernels from Each Ear.





paying much of a dividend, if any at all.

on the investment at the present high

prices of land. yet land is soaring in price

each year. Of course, the greatcr share

of farmers “think" they are making

money when, as a matter of fact, they

are losing, figuring everything from a

business standpoint as it should be

figured.



The actual expense each year for land

that costs $100 per acre, for interest,

taxes, repairs, insurance, fertilizcr, farm

implements and incidcntal expenses, with

a. decent compensation for the landlord

and wife for time and labor, will amount

to around $12 per acre. This amount

must be figured out of the gross receipts

of the farm. Now, in view of this ex-

pense where is the farmer’s dividend

coming from, especially when he hires a

ft-w men at the wages we have to pay

them to work on the farm today, with

board and horse kept, which in all foots

up to around $50.per month?



In the first place, there is only about

one farm in every hundred that is pro-

ducing much over one—half to two-thirds

what it should, or what it did years ago

when land was selling for $30 to $50

per acre. “Good farm hands” could be

hired those days for $15 to $20 per month

~men who were not' afraid of work and

never thought of keeping trotting horses

and feeding a bushel of the farmer’s

grain per day.



\Ve frequently hear it said that farm-

ers are getting rich. You will see great

headlines in the press telling how many

“millions” are going down into the farm-

ers’ pockets. It may go there, it is'true,

only to be paid out the following day for

a hundred and one expenses. Possibly

much of this could be saved by more

careful figuring and in greater produc-





tio and less expense. But the point is

Just how to bring this about.



I recently received a letter from a.

farmer in Illinois telling of the great

land boom in the northwestern part of

the state where We formerly resided. One

year ago thrce of those farmers came

out here to look for land and I showed

them around some, in this locality. They

also went to Kcnt county and investi-

gated, but returned to their native state.

i am told that they have all purchased

farms there, paying $165 to $185 per

acre. I well know the propcrtlcs which

they have purchased and am satisficd

there is no living man who can make

much mort- than the actual expenses cach

year in farming the land in a gcncvral

way. To start wtth, the intr-rcst alone

is $9.05 pcr acre. The land is not as

well improvod as is the case with most.

farms here in Michigan. In fact, the

farm buildings in the whole state will

not compare with those of Michigan.

The land, it is truc, is fairly productive»,

but. nowhere near what. it once was.





I am informed that there are farms in.





that, have

per acre.





where we lchd

sold for $300

[him tell mc.





the county

been recently

Think of it, and





acre), let alorre other c-xpcnsr-s, ytt land

is still on the rise at, the rate of $13 to

$20 per acre annually. it, sci-ms that all





a, farmer has to do in iillnois is to namc,

a, pricc— it is some like dropping a, well-.1-





baitcd hook in a, school of ”bullhcads"

he is sure of a, bite. I know of many

forms there that have changcd hands of

late for $200 and over which arc not

Worth as much as farms hero in Michi-

gan that, can be bought for one—hail" the

price.



All the trouble with this land is, it has

not; the lil'filif'r‘ color, if it could be coi-

Oi‘cd black or dark it Would double the

price, yct not be worth a dollar more,

or as much. lllinois farmcrs arc dispos-

ing of their

go to Ohio and





land and

whcre the





b igh --prlccd

oihcr statcs.





land pit-ascs tlicir c,\'c_ yct thcy can not'

better crops than?





produce much. if any,

we can on our bcst lands horc.

I had 5.". ac:cs of corn this

which was plantt-d on land

not been scmlcil for about

This corn yieldi-d a good crop and would

make at lcast 15 to 50 bushels of shollcd

corn pcr acre. 'l‘hc fodder and corn will

l'aticn .‘37 head of l,200~lb. stccrs and has

also kept two cows and Ilfi owes and also





SI'VOH 'Vt'ill'H.





fed 100 cwcs two months, which Wcrc’

\vcll fallout-d, asidc from {£3 bcad of

shoals, which will reach 200 lbs. by the





time the cattle are finished.





It is safe to say many of thcir high-1





priced farms in northcrn illinois did no

bcttcr than this. In fact, I am told that,

the corn would not yield, on an average,





50 bushcls per acre in the county where .

we lived, yct thr-y claim to have an im-“

their‘

per bushel of 5f;E





mense crop. They are

corn now for 42 cents

lbs. sitclled corn. At 30 bushels pc-r acre

this would figure $2]. This looks good,

but figuring all expenses out it leaves the

farmer a, mighty small dividend On his

high-priced land. home seasons we get

no crop at all. \i'hat is going to help

pay (expenses thou? All the farms in

northern Illinois ioFt their winter wheat

crop the same as. did many in Michigan.

All these "little deals” help to fill the

farmer's pockets (’3) and make the bus-

iness more encouraging and interesting.

if some of the city pcoplc who are cry-

ing “high cost of living” and ccnsliring

thc farmers could know the true condi-

tions. they would change their minds,

especially if thcy would come out on the

forms and bobble over the clods for a

ft'VV years at least.



\l’ashtcnaw Co.





marketing





B. F. VVASHBURNE.





AMOUNT OF FALL FOR TILE DRAIN.





I am intcrcstcd in tile draining and

wrote to \\'ashington about two years

ago for what information I coud get. In

the pamphlet I received it said if tile

were laid right, one—inch fall to the 100

feet would be good. Now Colon C. Lillie





says in your last issue it ought to be

two inches to l00 feet. I am getting a

little: confused.



Iluron Co. G, S.





I certainly would rather have two

inches to the 100 feet than one- inch, but

if you can’t get only one inch it will do

if you do very careful work. Where you

only have one inch fall to 100 feet of

ditlch the ditch ought to be very care-

fully surveyed out, and you ought to lay

the tile to a grade line. Two inches to

the 100 feet is not very much, but, of

course, water will run even with one

inch if the tile are carefully laid. I

would, however, prefer to have more than

two inches fall to the 100 feet if I could

get it. COLON C. LILLIE.





 





how a.

farmer can make the interest ($15.00 per'





many _,





scason '

which has





 





5,/

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required — everything above ground.

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MOLINE PLOW CO.





Dept. 26





 





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tandard. Used for weighing



Mails. Flyind Dutchman

Dealers sell them.

BOOKLET. Write today.





 





MOLINE. ILL.





 





 





 





 

 

 

   

 

   

 

 





 





corn. beans





 

 





and discs.





rows 28 to 44 inches apart of potatoes.





great in check-rows. crooked and irreg-

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Send postal today.





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with less work



Get best results

without drudgery

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No. 72 Planet JrTwo-

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An instructive 6413.39





 





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S L ALLEN & C0





Box 1107M Philadelphi-





 





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PULVERIZER





 





 





c.3533." lilo Paloma ltg. Bu. {31'5"3'ut’3 .
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er HE MIC in GA N‘ F ARM E R





 





‘ ‘ ' Free Soil Analyses ‘

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WE are prepared to make SOIL ANALYSES FREE of

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Our Laboratory is especially equipped for making Soil

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SOIL ANALYSES will show the Plant-Foods still remain-

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what kind of Fertilizers to use. If you need Lime SOIL

ANALYSES will tell you so, and what amount to use-



Our Soil Department and Laboratory are at your disposal,

and we will be glad to advise with you regarding crop-rota-

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the crops you wish to grow.





By taking advantage of this opportunity, good fertile

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Take advantage of this offer to—day by writing for our

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Manufacturers of Fertilizers for Every Crop that Grows.





 





 





 





 





9.9.





Brings lt—

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One Dollar





Is All It Now Costs to

Have Your Seed-Grain

Cleaned and Graded





Now that farmers everywhere

areeleaningend grndln their Seed

Grain. the question is. ow to get





it done best. easiest and cheapest.

. Here's my 1913 ofler:





   

   

   

   

 

   

 





gealnyolll’r SeeriiWheatéOgt‘sJélzlxgs Seed ' ' ' . V



111' ey. 888. eons. 0 r , o



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as. anagrams. use... The C H AT H AM

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pay me the bulnnce of my low price. ot

one penny need you pay. except the $1,

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HAVE MORE THAN PAID grain that you cannot get rid of. don't get discour-



I'I‘S ENTI‘RE C0521: I‘ll] IfiCRfiASEDISEREi‘.‘ aged. Write me.

32,':°;'.,’,;":,,‘,', 12;: 5;, gfig: ES: to "or Handlee ell Smell Greln end Greee Seed

M 1913 Chatham handles over 70 seed

Your Do'lar Returned mixytures—wheat.onts.peee.beens.corn,bar-

if you want it. I don’t want your dollar or want ley, flax, clover. timothy. etc. akes cockle.

on to keen my “Ohathnm” unless It, pleases you. wild oats. tame oats and smut from seed

If. after a30-dny test. you are not satisfied. return wheat; any mixture from flax; buckhorn

the machine at my expense and 1 W1“ send bBCk from clover; sorts corn fox-drop planter. Re-

the dollar. movefloul wieed seledkund all! g‘ilfiikeltl' gratekeg



- orsc ygrans. a esou us. ran



A M‘Chm. 11““ Fl“ Your Farm _ chaff. It is also a bully chatter. Handles

After ‘10 Fenrs' experience, I know every gmm 60 bushels grain per hour. Gas power or

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section where each one grows. I know every rain

and weed that grows on your form. Experizence sP°°lal c°rn‘surfln8 AfitIChmen‘t

has shown that u Gruin Grader and Cleaner Last year I added a Corn-Sorting Attachment,

should have special equipment for the partieulnr which grades corn so that a round or edge .drop

farming section to which it goes. For example. I pllintcr drops the fight number of grains in 98

send an entirely diferent e uipment of screens. out'of ever 100 hills (in repeated tests at State

riddles and lungs to Maine rom what I send to Agriculture Colleges). Same planters. loaded with

California. n fact. there are scarcely 2 states in llnaruded corn,mul\'e_ only650utof100 perfecthllls.

the U. 8. to which land the same 9 ulpment. Thus In two months I ship ed to Iowa farmers alone

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In case you want more or difierentscreens. just practical _and exceedingly interesting. It shows-

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would I ask for extra sereens and riddles. farm; ow to separate any mixture of grains—in

I also have a Free Service De rtment which short. how to get perfect grain for aowing,feedina

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FARM NOTES.





 





Sowing Clover with a Drill. I





I have a field of about four acres of

rye, sowu last fall. I sowed timothy seed

with the rye last fall. Now I would like

to sow some clover seed this spr’lng and

would like to know if it would hurt the

rye if I use my grain drill. It is a fer-

tilizer drill and I would like to sow some

fertilizer with clover seed. How much

fertilizer should I use to the acre?



Huron Co. SUBSCRIBER,





The rye will not be damaged by now-

ing clover seed with a drill, provided it

is sown crosswise of the drill rows. In

fact, many farmers prefer 1‘0 sow their

clover seed with a drill, particularly

where a disc drill is available. W'here





sprouts and just gets nicely up before a

rain occurs it is sometimes covered by a

hard rain and the young plants are kill-

ed before they get well started. This

does not occur where SOWn with a disc

drill, however.



.-\ small amount of fertilizer sown with

the clover seed might aid in getting the

young seeding started in the spring, but

as a general proposition it is a better

practice to sow the fertilizer with the

grain in the fall. If sown with the clo-

ver seed in the spring it would not be

advisable to sow a very large amount

as it would benefit the clover only While

it was getting well started in the spring.

Limiting factors in getting a stand of

clover are more likely to be an acid con-

dition of the soil, or the effects of a

drouth due to the poor mechanical con-

dition of the soil than the lack of suffi-

cient plant food to supp0rt the clover.





Sweet Clover as a Forage Crap.





I have read considerable of late as to

the value of sweet clover, but have no-

ticed nothing along this line in the Mich-

igan Farmer. “'ould- like to ask whether

you or any of your readers know it to be

valuable.



()zikland Co. R. D, ’1‘.





Several articles have been published in

the Michigan Farmer relating to the use

of sweet clover as a forage crop and soil

improvel‘. However, as it is becoming

better demonstrated each year that al-

falfa can be successfully grown prac—

tically anywhere that sweet clover can

be, alfalfa has been recommended instead

of sweet clover. Sweet clover is a bien—

nial. The plant comes up and makes a

good growth the first year after the/seed

is sowu and does not seed until the sec-

ond year. Afterward the plant dies.

While the alfalfa is a perennial and lives

for an indefinite number of yea-rs. Be-

sides, it is a more valuable plant, will

produce a larger amount of forage which

is better relished by all kinds of live

stock and is just as valuable a. soil] im-

prover.



Seeding Alfalfa with Cats.





I have a six-acre field that has grown

corn the past two years which J would

like to seed to alfalfa this coming spring.

Could I sow oats at rate of 1 bu. per

acre. and would it be advisable to sow

lime or feriilizol‘ and, if so, what formu-

la should I use and how much per acre?



his is a fairly productive piece of

ground, consisting of clay, sand and black

loam well drained. How much alfalfa

should I sow per acre and Should it be

sown directly after sowing the oats?



Clinton Co. C. F. S.





It is impossible for anyone to state

with authority just how one should pro-

ceed to get just the best results with

alfalfa. “'hat might be the best plan

one seaFon would perhaps not be the

best the next. As a general proposition.

however, those who have tried sowing

alfalfa with a light seeding of outs, say

one bushel per acre, have had perhaps

as good success as those who have used

other meilhods of seeding. Probably just

as good results could'bc secured by the

use of a light nurse crop of cats as in

any way if one would give olo.<e attention

to weather conditions and ill case a

drouth should occur at any time when

the oats are drawing heavily upon the

land for moisture out the oats for hay,

thus giving the alfalfa a good opportu-

nity to survive the dry weather. In case

weather conditions are favorable the oats

may be allowed to mature and harvest

for grain. This plan has a good many

advantages and is probably as good a.

one as could be recommended.





lnoculating for Red Clover.





I have a piece of rye, sown last fall,

that I wish to seed to red clover this

spring and desire to inoculate with M.

A. C. culture. The drainage is poor and

I cannot get on the ground very early

with a team and disc drill. Can you

advise how I may get this seed in with-

out endangering the germs of the in-

oculation, considering my not being

able to get on the ground in early spring

with a team?



Calhoun Co. A. E. W.



Inasmuch as it is essential to cover

the inoculated seed sufficiently to pro-





‘tect the bacteria from the deleterious





 





 





 





effects of sunlight, we can advise no bet-





tlu: seed is sown with a hoe dril and it_





ter way than to wait until the good can

be sown with a disc'drill 1f inoculation

is to be practiced. There is” great doubt

in the writer‘s mind. however, whether

inoculation would be a success upon this

poorly drained ground. It is quite as

essential that the soil should be in a

condition to be a fit home for the bac-

teria peculiar to clover as that it should

be present in the soil, and where this is

not the case inoculation will not remedy

the difficulty. A poorly drained soil ls

somewhat likely to be in an acid condi-

tion and if this were true, thorough in-

oculation with pure culture would not be

likely to prove successful. It might be

better to sow alsike clover upon this wet

ground than common red clover, as in

will endure more moist conditions than

red clover. Then it would be advisable

to make a litmus paper test of thesoil

in the early spring,and if it is found to

be acid, wait until it can be- d-rained or

the acidity corrected by the application

of lime before inoculating.





Sowing Alfalfa ori Mustard infested

Groundl.



Please advise me how to getlrid of

wild mustard. The farm I now own has

been rented for 12 years and one field

is badly seeded to wild mustard; in fact,

it nearly ruined the oats sown on this

field last year. I thought it would be ,a.

good plan to plant this field to some hoe

crop, say corn, and after the corn is off

this fall plow the ground about five

inches deep and drag it once over; about

May 1 plow again about seven inches

deep. thoroughly fitting the ground and

sowing to alfalfa. and, when the alfalfa

is about a foot high, clip it, and again

about Sept. 15. In the above I mean to

sow the alfalfa without a nurse crop.



Hillsdale Co. M. G. B.





This plan, as outlined in the above in-

quiry, would seem to be an excellent one

for ridding the field of mustard and get-

ting the valuable forage crop establish—

ed. There is no queStion ihat when the

alfalfa once becomes established the mus-

tard will be crowded out, as it will not

stand the frequent cuttings and cannot

compete with a vigorous growing plant

like alfalfa, after the alfalfa is once es-

tablished. But unless the mustard is

very thoroughly subdued before the al-

falfa is sown it would be difficult to get

a stand of alfalfa on mustard infested

land. It might be necessary to culiivate

this field thoroughly for one to two

months and sow the alfalfa in midsum-

mer, as in this way the mustard could

be well subdued, that is, such of it as

is left in the ground after growing a hood

crop like corn and given the subsequent

treatment proposed.





“'ith regard to clipping the alfalfa

when same is about one foot high, a

word of caution might be advisable. It

is never best to clip alfalfa except at

such times as the new growth has start-

ed out at the crownS, as to clip it at any

other time weakens the vitality of the

plant and is very apt to injure the new

seeding.





The result of this trial would be inter-

esting, and if successful we trust that

ill may be reported through the Michigan

Farmer. -





Eradicating Plantain,



I would like to ask how to clean a

field of just common plantain. Some

years ago I let a neighbor haul in some

clover seed to hull while I was hulling

mine. Then I scattered the chaff over

the field and planted to corn, oats, wheat

and grass in rotation. By that time I

had plantain as thick as it could stand.

The last time I broke up this field I

planted to corn. The next year I took

half the field and planted it to beans,

thcn wheat and gI‘RSS. BY that time the

plantain was just as thick as ever and

spreading. Now Lwant to plow this

field again this spring. I never pasture

the fields that I farm. \Vould it he‘lp

this field to pasture it, or could I smother

plantain by sowing clear timothy real

heavy?



Isabella Co. M. K.



It may be impossible to thoroughly

eradicate this plantain without summer

following the field. If the field is planted

in a cultivated crop, such as corn, how-

ever, and none of the plantain allowed

to seed, it might be discerl up and seeded

to a spring crop the following year. or

the second year, if two cultivated crops

are grown in succession. with a better

prospect of subduing the weed than would

be the case if the ground were plowed

for a grainrn‘op. The only way to sub-

due weeds of this kind is to simply pre—

vent them from making any growth

above ground and the best method to ac-

complish this will, of course, depend ,upon

local conditions.





The farmers in the vicinity of Kings-

ley. Grand Traverse: county, have organ-

ized for the purpose of erecting a, co-

operative warehouse for the storing and

shipping of farm produce. particularly

potatoes. '





 





‘. _..‘_.. .._...





Kw
MARCH 8, 1913.





PURE CULTURE FOR INOCULATING

LEGUMES.





Can'you tell me what this “Nitragln”

is that is being advertised and sold for

inoculating alfalfa and legume crops?

Is it any better than the pure culture

we get from the Agricultural College at

Lansing? I have used tlhis pure culture

but not with as good results as some

claim with the Nitragin.



Hillsdale Co. G. B. W.



While the writer has never used this





brand of “pure culture” for the inoc-

ulation of legumes, it is undoubtedly very

similar in character to that sent out by

the Bacteriological Department of the

College for experimental work. It is but

recently that commercial firms have gone

into the manufacture and distribution of

pure cultures for inoculating purposes.

One of the reasons for the experimental

work done at the colleges and experi-

ment stations in this direction was the

education of the farming public as to

the value and limitations of pure cultures

for the inoculation of Ieguminous plants.

These are simply cultures of the bacteria

peculiar to the several plants and es—

sential to their best success, which are

grown in artificial mediums and applied

to the. seed before sowing in order that}

the bacteria may be right at hand when

the plants start.



In sending out these cultures the col-

leges and experiment. stations do not

make any extravagant claims for them,

since it is a generally recognized fact

that unless the soil conditions are such

as to make a suitable home for the

growth of the nitrogen fixing bacteria,

the pure cultures will not bring about a

succeSSful inoculation. That is to say,

if the soil is in an acid condition there

may be an entire failure of inoculation

where either a pure culture or the soil

from some other field which has previ-

ously grown the legume is used. The

writer’s experience corroborates this

statement in a most striking manner. A

small field of three acres was sown to

alfalfa after a thorough preparation of

the seed bed and both pure culture ap—

plied to the seed and the soil from a suc-

cessful. alfalfa field applied to the seed

bed and harrowed in. Inoculation was

secured on only a very small portion of

the field. however. The next year lime

was applied to this field and alfalfa was

again sown, with the result that perfect

inoculation was secured, thus showing

that the first failure was due to the con-

dition of the soil rather than to the in-





 





efficiency of the inoculating medium or

pure culture.



Unquestionably 'these pure cultures

have a valuable place in the promotion





of successful stands of leguminous crops

which have not been previously grown

upon the same soil, But their limitations

as Xvell as their advantages should be un—

derstood in order to attain the greatest

satisfaction in their use. The work of

experiment stations and colleges in send-

ing out these cultures is simply prelim-

inary to their introduction and the ob-

ject is educational with a view of in—

forming farmers of the state and coun—

try with regard to their value and limi-

tations, and this purely educational work

will doubtless be discontinued at such

time as the commercial houses are pre-

pared to satisfy the demands for these

cultures at a reasonable cost.





 





WHAT SHARE IS PROPER FOR RENT-

ING A FARM?





I wish to rent my farm of 200 acres and

furnish everything complete and keep

everything in repair. \Vish to keep at

least 12 cows on the place and furnish

all seed. Said renter to have a share in

all increase of stock while his contract

is in force. The renter to pay all thresh-

ing bills, till the silo. and do all the work.

\\'hat share ought he to receive, provid-

ing I furnish feed for stock?



,Muskegon Co. A. S.



The renting of a farm is a matter of

mutual agreement between two parties.

N0 dcfinite rule can be given because the

bargain has to be made and it will differ

materially with the party. Of course,

there are some general rules which have

been considered to be fair in the renting

of a farm. First, where the renter does

all the work and pays all expenses and

the owner furnishes nothing, the rule is

that the renter gets two-thirds of the

crop and the owner one-third. On the

other hand, if the owner furnishes half,

half of the live Stock, If he furnishes half

Of the feed, that is, if the live stock are

fed on the undivided feed‘produced on the

farm, he may or may not pay half of the

taxes; that is a matter of mutual agree-

ment, but something along this general

line, then each will furnish half and'each

would receive half of the returns of the

farm. The general exception to this rule

is that the renter furnish the horses or





the power necessary todo the labor on

the farm and also furnish the tools be-

cause it is conceded that a man ought to

work his own horses rather than some-

body else’s, that a man ought to use his

own tools rather than those of someone

else, because he is more liable to take

proper care of them than if he worked

somebody else’s horses.





SOY BEANS





 





IN MICHIGAN.





 





About ten years ago I was requested

to write an article on soy beans for your

paper, which I did. Some time later Mr.

Lillie- stated in one of his letters that

he ”might grow cucumbers again but he

had grown soy beans once and that was

enough,” or words to that effect.



Judge of my astonishment on reading

his article in the Michigan Farmer for

January 4. Verily, “the world do move."



Mr. Lillie says they have been grown

to a considerable extent in Indiana, Ohio,

New York and Ilinois. Remarkabel! It

may interest the readers of this paper

to know that Japanese and Manchurian

soys were grown 12 miels from West

Branch, Ogemaw county, Michigan, and

Early Black (Buckshot) and Ogemaw

soys originated 0n the same farm, before

any of the experiment stations of the

states mentioned had made their first

trials.



It may interest Mr. Lillie to know that

soys were grown and matured in Che-

bo) gan county many years ago; that sev-

eral varieties have matured nc’ar Saska-

toon, Sask.; that a soap company and a

linseed oil company, located 100 and 225

miles further north than his farm, are

growing soys for oil; that for 15 years

the bulk of the soy beans (excepting

Southern Mammoth) sold by the seed

trade of the Ilnited States was grown in

invoices,





Michigan, and that I have the

growing contracts and bills of lading to

prove it.



You can pick up a score of leading

American sced catalogues today, whose

1913 seed was grown in this state laSt

season. And why not?



Central Manchuria in 1911 shipped





more than a million and a half tons of

soys, and its climate is far more rigorous

than anything ever experienced south of

the Straits of Mackinaw.



I have grown more than 100 varieties

of soys and I never saw one that would

not stand more heat and cold, more Wet

and drouth than Indian corn.



\Vhilc I do not mean to say that s-oys

are specially adapted to light, dry soils,

I do mean to say that the most success—

ful growcrs of the crop in this state,

have been and are now, on such soils.



The soy has been grown in Manchuria

for more than 2000 years.



The bean cake, which Japan needed as

a fertilizer, and which under Chinese

rule she had received in trade, for many

centuries, was one of the prime causes

of the Russo-Japanese war, because the

acquisitiOn of Port Arthur and Dalny by

Russia threw the trade into her hands.‘



A year ago I was in a county in south—

Michigan where many soys are

I wcnt into two large hardware

stores and found both of them selling

soy paint oil, made from Manchurian

soys in Germany.



Regarding the price of soy beans for

secd. That depends largely on the va-

riety and where it was grown.



One can get Michigan—grown seed of

some kinds for much less than $3 p6r

bushel, bags free.



For other sorts you will have to pay

much more than $3 for Northern seed.



T'robably the highest priced sorts are

Medium Early Green, Ito San and Hab-

erlandt, with l’cking nearly as high. The

Medium Early Green was introduced by

Prof. Brooks, of Amherst, about 1895; Ito

San by myself in 1900.



Both varieties, in spite of the large

crop of 1912, are higher in price now than

at any time since their introduction.

This may not signify that these are the

best varieties under all conditions, but

they are more generally known than any

others.



I have had to refuse orders for thou-

sands of bushels of these varieties this

season, as well as for some Haberlandt

and Peking, the most popular of the

newer introductions.



Ebony and Hollybrook have been of-





em

grown.





fered in abundance at very moderate

prices, in fact, Ebony is almost low

enough for feeding. '



To those who contemplate growing





soys this year I want to'say, don't buy

southern grown seed at any price.



To those in northern Michigan, (north

of Saginaw county), I would say do not

plant Hollybrook, Haberlandt or Peking.



Ogemaw Co. E. E. EVANS.





THE MICHIGAN. FARMER





 





 

 

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

 





_ Are You

Paying This Bill?"





EARLY every soil con-

tains enough plant food

for many hundred of years;

yet those who add plant food

to the soil get larger crops

than those who neglect it.





Why?

Because there is only

a small part of the soil plant food available. It can

support only a small crop. A larger crop requires a

large amount of plant food. It cannot getenough

from the soil’s natural supply, and those who supply

it in available ready-to-use form reap the benefit.

The amount required is small but as necessary as the





twelfth inch in the foot.

Why does the plant on which





A. A. C. Co. Fertilizers





have been used develop quicker and grow faster than





the unfertilized? -



Because the nitrogen in the soil or that in barnyard

manure is largely in an organic form, not readily available

until the organic material carrying the nitrogen decomposes

or rots. This rotting,r or disintegrating process is carried on

by bacteria or very minute forms of life which thrive in the

soil. Nitrogen freeing bacteria begin work very weakly after

the soil has warmed up beyond 40 degrees Fahrenheit, One

can readily see, therefore, that any large supply of available

nitrogen for the young plant will be delayed until late in the

Spring if no quick-acting fertilizer is used, and as a conse-

quence the crop often stands still, especially so in a late and

backward season.



The nitrogen in our fertilizers is largely water soluble.

and becomes available as plant food for the development and

growth of the young plants immediately upon coming in con-

tactwith the moisture in the soil. That is the reason why a

fertilized crop will grow faster. better and stronger and will

reach maturity from ten days to two weeks earlier than if no

fertilizer were used.



The quality of the fertilizer determines to a great extent

the quahty and quantity of the crop.



The farmer cannot learn too much about available

plant food. Write us and we will tell you how to fertilize pro-

perly and economically. We want agents for unoccupied

territory.





   





 





 

 





The American Agricultural Chemical 00.,





D Detroit Sales Department, Detroit, Mich. I .





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A Half Century of Service





under every condition of soil, crop and climate—on two continents

——has esta lishcd beyond doubt the ABSOLUTE RELIABILITY of





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In strength, durability ease of o ' '



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embodies the supreme quahty cf quality that has made thousandssay





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A detailed description of the “Con-

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'I . , I, .' ‘ QL’Z‘K‘} E V E R Y farmer should"

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have a copy of this'book

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Are Thoroughly Hard Burnt





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When writing to advertisers please mention the Michigan Farmer.
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Wouldn't you like .19.. ‘-

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THEnMLQHlGhNthmMERr





 





v





POWER ON THE FARM.





 





This theme proved of very general in-

terest to those attendant at the first

session of the recent Round-Up Institute,

and was made specially so by the capa-

ble manner in which it was handled by

Prof. H. H. Mussleman. of the Depart-

ment of Farm Mechanics of the Michi-

gan Agricultural College. The themqwas

opened by the statement that power

cannot be applied as effectively on the

farm as it can in our many manufactur-

ing plants. This is largely because it

must be applied at so many placeS, un-

der unusual conditions~and in varying

quantities, all of which increase the diffi-

culty of high efficiency.



Power, as applied to use on the farm.

may be classified in a number of ways.

First, it may be classified under power

that replaces the labor of man, or that

increases the capacity of man to do work.

Pumping water or running a washing

machine would be examples of the first.

while grinding feed, sawing wood and

plowing would illustrate‘tlie latter. Sec-

ondly, the classifiction may be made ac-

cording to location, when it is divided

into the power used about the buildings

and that used out in the field. A third

classification is made in accordance with

the application of power, whether it is

applied in accordance with the applica-

tion of power. from a stationary source,

or whether it is to be applied in a mov-

able form where traction power is nec-

essary. These classifications suggest to

the average mind some of the difficulties

encountered when attempting to secure

economic service from motive machines.



A number of sources of power are

available to the farmer. The important

ones are hand labor. animal labor, wind,

steam, water, gasoline and electricity.



Hand ‘VS. Mechanical Power.



l‘rof. Mussclman believes that the band

power" employed on the ordinary farm

should be reduced, that Some form 01‘

mechanical power should be substituted

for at least a portion of the band power.

At one place in particular- this should be

done. That is in pumping water. Equip—

ment to do this work is not expensive

and saves so much human energy that

could as well be employed at other tasks

that no farm of any size should be, with-

out such a convenience. The kind of

power to use for this and other services

about the house and buildings is some-

thing of a problem in some instances.

Steam is scarcely ever considered now-

a-(lays for this purpose, while wind and

gasoline are probably the most available

forms, The windmill is an economic

source of power, but cannot be depended

upon to give the needed service. so that

it becomes necessary to construct a res—

ervoir to hold a quantity of water that

will tide over periods when there is no

wind. The gasoline engine is dependable

and can be run at any time and in this

regard is superior to all other power.

with the possible exception of electricity

where that is available. The same argu-

ment holds good with regard to power

for operating the washing machine,

churn. cream separator. etc.



The Size of the Farm Engine.



Just how large an engine to secure in

Order to get' the most economic results is

a mutter that requires study. \\'liere

only pumping is to be done, or work that

demands the smallest unit of power. a

one and one-half horse power gasoline

engine will do good service. For the av-

erage farm home greater satisfaction

would likely be secured from an engine

rated from three to five horse power.

This engine can be centrally located and

used for many purposes. Another clusx

of engine includes that rated from six to

ten horse power and finds a place on

many of the larger farms. especially

where wood is to be sawed. feed ground

and work of that character performed.

Inquiry seems to make plain that prac—

tically no field is open for a portable cu—

gine on the farm with a rating between

10 and 20 horse power. The original in-

vestment and upkeeping expense. are too

large for the work to be done. It was

the speaker’s conclusion from the infor-

mation he had and observations made

that three to five horse power is usually

the most serviceable for such an engine

has sufficient power for doing the many

tasks about the farm buildings and still

be worked more nearly its limit than a

larger engine would be, and it has been

proven that the more nearly one can

work the engine up to its full load the

more economic it is in the use of gas-

oline.



The Farm Tractor.

The next phase of the question dis-





 





 





cussed was the part the gasoline tractor





 

 





MARCH 8,’ 1913. ~





will probably play in = future Michigan 9.3--





riculture. The steam engine has failed

to become‘a competitor of the horse-and

mule as a motive pOWer upon the farm,

and it has not been fully established as

yet that the gasoline tractor will sup-

plant the horse to any large degree. In

fact upon those farms where only one

or two teams are required to do the work

the probabilities are that gasoline will

not replace the horse, unless a different

type of engine than those now known is

developed and this for the following rea-

sons: The gasoline tractor has a certain

amount of power that it can yield. About

50 per cent of this must be used for mov-

ing its own weight. Now a horse can

naturally pull one-tenth of its own weight

but when necessary it can double and

even treble the amount of the load it

can move. This reserVe power enables

the horse to get out of difficult places,

and since the gasoline tractor must be

employed where such conditions are like-

ly to occur at any moment it cannot be

loaded to its limit because a reserve pow-

er is always necessary. Another advan-

tage in the use of horses is that in case

four horses are demanded for the work

they may be used all in one team. or

two teams, or the four horses may be.

used singly, whereas with a gasoline

tractor the power must be applied alto~

gex‘hcr. Hence, for the small farmer the

only way in which the gasoline tractor

will become of general interest is through

('(J—(lDel‘Elthll with neighbors or by em—

ploying the services of the engine from

one who buys to (lo custom work. The

conclusion reached by Prof. Musselman





was that a gasoline tractor must be at. 1





least a 20 or 2:". horse power before it be-

comes an economic source of power upon

the farm. At that size and above it has

been quite thoroughly demonstrated that

the implement will increase man's ca-

pacity to do work.



The last part of this address was oc-

cupied in a cmwitleration of the compar-

ative cost of gasoline and kerosene as

engine fuels. lie referred to the test

made in the plowing contest at “'iuuipeg

in the years 1911 and 1912. In the year

1911 in a number of tests the average

for gasoline showed that 1.45 horse pow-

er hours were secured from a pound of

fuel. while for kerosene 1.23 horse power

hours were secured from a pound of fuel.

In the year 1912 the horse power for gas-

oline was 1.5 for a pound and for kero-

sene 1.15 horse power hours for each

pound. From these comparisons it ap—

pears 'that at present prices the kero-

sene would be a more economic fuel than

the gasoline.





FERTILIZER ON CORN.





One of my neighbors used some- fer-

tilizm- on part of corn field and it seem-

ed to help it wonderfully at first. then

all of a sudden it stopped growing and

it ’seemed as if it did not do as well in

the end as on an adjoining strip which

had not been fertilized. '\\'ould like to

know the cause of this.



Shiawassee Co. J. D. ‘V.





Nothing is said about how the fer-

tilizer was applied or how much was ap-

plied. and I think this would make a

great different-e and might" explain the

results obtained. If only a small quan-

tity was put in the hill and then a se—

vere drought came in the middle of the

summer, this application in the bill would

encourage the roots to remain close to

the bill to get their food, consequently

when the drought came they would not

be out in the soil where they ought to

be and would be more affected. (in the

other hand. it‘ the fertilizer had been

applied in larger quantities and broad-

casted the roots would have gone out

into the soil after their food and would

liaVe been better protected against the

tiltiuu'lit, which followed. This would be

my judgment of it. COLON 0. LILLIE.





W—_—¥_.__‘_.





AMOUNT OF MOISTURE IN CORN.





 





 





Some interesting tests, showing theper

cent of moisture ‘in corn. were made, at

a western ()bio corn show held the mid-

(lie of February. Au ear of corn that

was three years old and had been kept

all that time in dry places, showed a

moisture content of l0 per cent. An-

other car that litltl been picked for seed

and stored on a rack in a corn crib,

where it had a circulation of air on all

sides with splendid chances for drying

out, showed 20 per cent of moisture. The

results of the tests were somewhat sur-

prising to those attending the show.





At 50 cents a year, $1.00 for two years,

$1.25 for three years or $2.00 for five

years, the Michigan Farmer costs you

less than one cent! per'week. '





 

 





 





 





 





g.





. .wwvw.nwcqu‘gw« ‘ _ .





 





i

.9

iv
i

l





... .Lxgwr‘n m. .





3'.

g

i,





 





 





 





MARCH 8, 1913.





a!|IIIIllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll||IIIIIlllll|llllllllllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfi





Dairy.





 

   





E





:I‘il'lIllllIllIll|llllllllllllllllllllllilllllll|lllIlllllII|IllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllll||Illllllllllllllllllllllfi

CONDUCTED BY COLON C. LILLIE.





DUAL-PURPOSE VS. DAIRY COWS.





I would like advice about buying pure-

bred cattle. Which, in your opinion,

WOuld be the best breed to buy, a dual-

purpose breed, or one of strictly dairy

type? Am on a farm of 100 acres, have

a silo and some pasture.



\Vashtenaw CO. ‘ L. E_ S.





If you want to go into the dairy busi-

ness and get the most butter or milk

out‘ of the feed which you produce on

your farm, my advice would be to get

strictly pure-bred dairy' animals, or else

high grades. On the other hand, if you

are going to make dairying a secondary

issue and want to fatten most of the

calves or grow the-m into steers and

'make beef of them, then perhaps the

dual-purpose brecd would be more prof-

itable. Personally, I should prefer a

dairy breed, and think that you could

get better results for the money in-

vested.





 





MODEL COW STALL VS. SWING

STANCHION.





In a recent paper Mr. Lillie gave plans

for a model cow st‘all. As I want to re-

pair my barn and put in cement floors,

I wish to ask if he would advise me to

put in the model stall. or the swing

stanchion like those in the dairy barn on

the State Fair grounds.



‘Antrim Co. A. A. L.



There is no use in my saying very

much about the comparative value of the

model cow stall and the swing stanchion.

This is a, kind of question that people

won’t agree on, anyway. (me man will

have a swing stanchion and another will

have some other kind of stall,



One has to use his own taste and judg—

ment is selecting. Personally. I like the

model cow stall, taking everything into

consideration, but I don't think the one

seen at the State Fair was a good ex-

ample of the model cow stall. If I re-

member correctly, it wasn't built ac-

cording to the directions givon in the

last issue of The Farmer. I didn’t like

the- arrangement for the manger. One

line thing about the model cow stall is

that it has a hay manger separate from

the grain and ensilage manger. You

don't have to wait until your cows get

through eating their cnsilagc and grain

before you feed them the hay. One can

put the hay in, feed them the ensilagc

and grain, and go about his business,

even go to bed, and everything will be

all right.



I have no objection to a swing stan-

chion, although it always seemed to me

as if the cows were more confined than

they ought to be. Personally, I like a

model cow stall and if anything should

happen that I would want to build an—

other barn I am quite positivo that I

would put in model stalls again, but I

wouldn’t have them like those at the

State Fair. I don’t like that pattern.





TH E BEST SI LO.





__..__





We live in a locality where the silo is

a new thing. \Vhat, in your opinion,

would be the best silo to build? \Ve Were

told by wood silo agents that the acid

from the ensilage would eat the cement

from the inside, alslo that they would freeze

much quicker than a wood silo,



Cass Co. It. C. \V.

I] All of the silos on the market today,

iso far as I know, are good ones. The

imodern stave silo is a splendid structure,

is well built and durable, and will last

2a life-time if properly put: up. So, also,

are the» modern cement: blot-k silos, or

"the modern solid grout silo, or the vitri-

lfied tile silo, in fact, any of these struc-

tures, if properly made, will keep the

silage in splendid condition. The ce-

ment silos are practically indestructible.

They will not burn up and they will last

indefinitely. ‘



“hen the man who represents the

patent stave silo tells you that the ce—

,,ment on ‘the inside of the cement silo

‘will be corroded or softened by the acid

which is formed in the green corn turn-

ing to ensilage, admit this. It will after

a. time. But, on the other hand, this

same acid will act upon the staves in his





F‘





,stave silo after a time and make the





wood porous». It will be a long while be-

fore it affects this wood to any great

extent, and so it is a. long while before

it affects a. good rich coat of cement to

any great extent. The first plastered

silo that I built was plastered on the in-

side and remained good with oceasional

whitewashing with pure cement white-





TH'E MICHIGAN ?-FAR_MER





wash, for something like 18 years. Then

the bottom part of it got a, little porous

and We plastered over this again, and

now it is good for 18 years more, so that

the action of the acid upon good cement

mortar on the inside of the silo is of very

little moment. It doesn’t harm it very

much. It can be easily repaired. So far

as freezing is concerned, the cement silo,

if it is solid wall, or solid block, or a.

solid cement stave, it may freeze a little

bit more than a wooden silo, but not

enough so that it would make any par-

ticular difference. If you want to keep

the silo from freezing in real cold weath-

er have a little oil stlove and burn that

in the silo, which will prevent it from

freezing and at a very minimum cost.

You will only have to do this the coldest

nights



You ask what is t‘he best silo. and I

frankly say that I don’t know which is

the best silo. They are all good, it is

largely a matter of personal choice.





CREAM WILL NOT CHURN.





 





 





I have a cow that. has been fresh about

two months. She gets all the corn fod—

der and mixed hay she will eat, also

corn in the stalk for grain. She gives a

good flow of milk, yielding a good cream,





but I can't get any but-ter from the '





cream. -I churned two days on one

churning without getting butter. Would

say this cow is kept in the barn most

of the time.



Shiawassee Co. C. L.





Of course. once in a while we find a

cow that does not put any butter-fat

into her milk but this is indeed very

rare. Probably the- only reason this but-

ter will not come is that you do not ripen

or sour the cream, or because you try

to churn it too cold. Set the cream

away from time to time and keep it un-

til you get a churning. Then put it

where it is warm. Set it in a tub of

warm water to warm it up to 70 degrees,

then keep it at that temperature for 24

hours. Then cool it down to 60 degrees

and churn. I think you will have no

trouble in having the butter come.



The cow really ought to have some

bran, or gluten feed, or pea meal, or

something of that sort—some food rich

in protein to mix with the unhusked

corn. She hasn’t protein enough in her

ration to get best results.





THE MAN WITH ONE COW..





 





Nothing is gained by ignoring facts,

and it is a fact that a cow kept under

the conditions cxiSting in a small place

cannot be depended upon to give milk as

pure as that obtained from modern cer-

tified milk plants. In these latter the

most scrupulous care is exercised to have

everything not only clean but sterilized

and germ-proof. Even the milkers wear

antiseptic suits of white duck and close

fitting capS, so that the dust that may

settle in their hair will not contaminate

the milk. New York state allows a dairy-





Iman to call his output certified, provided





there are less than ten thousand. germs

in a cubic centimetre (a quarter of a

teaspoonful). Under the worst dairy con-

ditions of dust and filth. the number of

germs may be a hundred million in the

same quantity of milk. If you keep a.

cow your milk production will fall some-

where between these two cxtreme limits.



The question is, since we cannot pos-

sibly compete with the certified milk pro-

ducers, shall We keep a cow?



The answer is yes, if you are in the

position to do so, because, while the cer-

tified milk is purer than that which you

will obtain, the chances are that you will

obtain purer milk than you are now get-

ting, as the quantity of this certified

milk is limited.



If we eliminate the cost of labor in

keeping a cow, there is a real economy

in it because she will produce from 12

to 20 quarts of milk a day, or sufficient

to supply five or six families. The sur—

plus which you will not need for yourself

will either find a ready market in your

neighborhood, or,can be churned into

butter. A good Jersey or Guernsey cow

should supply an ordinary family with

all the milk and butter they need. Of

course, it is much simpler to go to the

grocery store for a bottle of milk and a

print of butter than to carry out all the

operations incident to the care of a cow.



Even on a comparatively small place

it is possible to keep a family cow be-

cause in the absence of pasturage one

can practice intensive dairying and raise

fodder crops. It is estimated by this

method one can keep five times as many

head of cattle on the same acreage as

on ordinary pasturage.



A cow is at her best usually when she

is seven years old. After she is 12 it is

doubtful if she pays for her keep. In





 





 





the world





possible and





 





NEW YORK CHICAGO





 





EAM SEAR

No Excuse for any Cow

Owner Bein gWithout one





There is no reason why any cow owner who sells cream= or

makes butter should be without a cream separator and there is

no excuse why he should not have the best separator.





Any creameryman or experienced dairyman will tell you that

a good cream

great deal more and a. great deal better

butter than you can make with any gravity

setting system, and equally, of course, more

and better cream, if you are selling cream.





The DE LAVAL is acknowledged by

creamerymen and the best posted dairymen





 





Standard” and the one and only separao

tor that always accomplishes the best results





You cannot make the excuse that you

can’t afford to buy a De Laval, because it

will not. only save its cost over any gravity setting in six months

and any other separator in a year but is sold either for cash or

on such liberal terms that. it will actually pay for itself.





A little investigation will prove to you that the truth of the

matter is that you really can’t afford to make cream or butter

without the use of 2. DE LAVAL cream separator.





The nearest De Laval local agent will be glad to demonstrate

this to your own satisfaction, or you may write to us direct.





‘ THE DE LAVAL SEPARATOR CO.





SAN FRANCISCO





separator will give you a





over to be the “World’s





always gives satisfaction.





SEATTLE





 





 





 





   

 

 

 





AMERICAN





SEPARATOR “





THIS OFFER IS NO CATCH.

It Is_a solid proposition to send,

on trial. tully guaranteed, a new.

well made, easy running separa-

tor for $15.95. Skims hot or cold

milk; making heavy or light.

cream. Designed especially for

small. dalries, hotels and private

families. Different from this plc~

ture, which illustrates our large

capacity machines. The bowl is

a. sanitary marvel, easily cleaned.

G e a r s thoroughly rotected.

Western orders fil ad from

Western points. Whether your

dairy is large or small, write

us and obtain our handsome

free catalog. Address:





Only $2 Down





One Year to II?





Buy. Ch. New Buttor- . “'7 " = .

fly Jr. "04. Light running, LII ‘ 1' ‘

easy cleaning. close skim- . :

ming. durable. Guaranteed 7‘ : >





a lllotlmo. Skims 95 qts.



1pc! hour. Made also in four a



' Amer sizes up to 5 1-2 shown on.



' Earns Its own cont ‘



so Days Free Tna| and more by what



> It Men In mum. foam hnn 9 Free cat-

alog folder and ”direct-from- actor-y" otter,

buy from the manufacturer and save f.





ALBAUGH-DOVER co. “21





   

   

   

 





 

   

   

 





 





 

 





 





2269 ”Infill! Blvd. CHICAGO





 

 





   





 





 





 





 





 





 





Send us your name and ad- ,

dress at once for our copy. “



Learn about the si 0 door you /

can open and close with one

arm. Most convenient, and '

safest. Lets you keep silo door

closed airtight protecting your

silage all year around.





The Hinge Door





(Copyrighted)





and Lansmg Silos





Your choice of two famous '

makes. Hinge door has safe 1

ladder—all steel door frame— 'l

strong anchor base—Billet steel

hoops—dozens of W features. ,

Catalog tells all. rite today. ‘

Woods Bros. Silo 8: Mfg. Co.

l(ieneral Oflices,Lincoln,Neb. '



nulng, Mich. Ma ll , M . MI II , .

Rapids, In. But smuoia, III). “3:11;“; mimogtdlg.

Denver, Col. Bpokquuh. Write Dept. 151%”th 011a.





   

   

   

   

   

   

 





 

 





 

 





 

   





   

 





   





 

 





 





raiser ROSS SILO





We use Guaranteed Long Leaf Yel-

I" low Pine that will last longer than

I ‘ any other wood, except cypress. The

I" highest possible grade of Oregon Fir

in used.



The Rou- Silo has features that

are exclusive, and absolutely neces-

2 nary to make a good silo.





FULLY GUARANTEED





to be u represented. Our 63 yam of

manufacturing ex parlance is valuable to you.



FREE catalog explains all. Writ». to: it to

day. Agent. Wanted.





\—-—-——’ TheE. w. Ross Co.,Box14 Springfieldfl.





 





AVE ultimPROFlT





They may tell you that they can sell you a'





A





saline engine for as low prices as we can—but you

ow better. We are manufacturers and sell at

wholesale direct to you. Get our factory, mone -

saving prices on the best engine built—the stan .

3rd engine of America for 48 years. Every Witte Engine

is run under a mu load for six whole do a In our factory,

)





Insuring absolute perfection in every ditch.





'IIIE WI'I'TE EIIGIII 2:3 assign:

firm as profit. 1 has





yea-rs at only one small





ovary lm mvomont up-fio-d-to; will run on 1 -





eve gr eot tueland wi save on money on





3:30 ins. Come to the Witte he ory it you an, and m I

mt engine made and tested—you will be surprised at our

ton-y, our product? our 8-Year Guarantee, and our “on. —8u age on.





Write at once for





 





Isn’t some,

6 in 54 ‘





r It you ,

roe Trial Proposition and catalog: m“ m. “‘7ng mm





'WIT-TE IRQN WORKS CO. nil-Rik .. *





I





 





When writing advertisers please mention The Michigan finer"
W ' These 2 Great _

Boolts Will Reduce





I I

Your BuIIdIng Expense

nI I’lcent. big 1’10- a e Catalog -

Millwo mar? and Building mfteixial oontutnlonf ‘

pieturosotthmoney-eavingb balarg no.1

handsome Plan Book of odern Hotnes—

showing 50 splendid views and floor Inns of

houses and burns pIited from 8300 036000

n' tpaydealem' prim—«s deal dliett with us, '

' get our wholesale prices and save money.

Com Ilotu Glazed with Five

3:; lfpwliioftll-in flaps. Madepf$189

t'tWIIUt wit 1 "Ir u 11 It

5A5" andt mus burs. Guam?» tdge

'EVERYTIIING IN UMBER. FLOORING. ROOFING.

IDES. “NM “.8 IDULDIIID ”WORK. WILD-

IND PAPER. NONE antl EAR FURNITURE. HERD.

“It. WORK AND PRINTS It WI oPt'l

Don't build. repair or remodel without

these valuable books. We guarantee qual-

. lty. infod delivery. satisfaction or money .

back. Write us today. Ask for Catalog

Eel Also koi’ houseplnns-N o 65.

, if wanted Both are free.





' cameo muwomt surnv cut

. mow. 3111. St.. chime. IIL





 





 

 





   

   





   

     

 

 





 





 





FIRE-PRDDF—EVERLRSTING





OUR FREE BOOKLET tells why the

Guernsey is easy to meet and at low

cost; how best grade Ohio vitrified clay

hollow-tile. steel reinforced construction

renders it absolutely proof against

111111311111» air. sun, wind and frost—tile

doors render it tire-proof. Tells why

cheapest to build because first cost. is

last cost—Ito relishing, repaintlng or

trouble. Agents wanted W rlte for llt‘t‘ it-

let. guarantee and full details, ll'lltl E.





GUERNSEY cur co.,





 

   

   

   

   

 





   





 





9c I(Sold with or without elevator)





UNI ear corn (with or without

shutdfllllo all kinds of small (ruin.

“IV. Conical Shape and mm

m trons all





UGHTEST





RUNNING

(Our Cimlar M Why)

annotate. 10 Sizes—





FREE rum: 2:13.135 ‘





 





 





TIIE [ARREST AND BEST UN! 0F





WELL DRILLING





MAC H I N E R in America. We





have been making

it for over-20 years. Do not buy until you see

our new Illustrated Osmlosue No.14. Send for

it now. It is FREE,





Austin Manufacturing 00.. Chicago.





 





THE MICHIGAN F‘A'RMER





Look at this BEATRICE.



I paid $75 for it instead of the



$100 to $110 usually asked for



less capacity. It's the only A



No. l separator on the market



which has these two most im-

portant Virtues :





Highest quality and

lair price.





1,000 lbs., $75.

They have smaller

machines for less

money.



Twice a day I

spend [25: than 2

minute: to make this





BEATRICE

Cream Separator





scrupulouslyclean and sanitary. The

patented dericedocsthetrick. How’s

that con1p;1re.d with the time it takes to

clean some other cream separators?

I have never seen a.

machine that skims

closer. At a rough

guess my saving every

year on cream alone

would buy mea new

machine. But _

lt’ sgomg to be a long

time before I need a

new machine, tor a

glance will 1:11 you

that the BI‘IA«

TRICIC i 1

built for long,

long wear.

Let your dealer show

you a BEATRICE.

or write direct to

1-11: nns‘rnzon





DWBRY CO.





Chicago. Lincoln. Nab.

DolMoinas In.

Dubuquo,h.





 





 





"l‘bc slulc





 





 





 





 





There are many

superior features

in the





Nappanee

Silo Let us tell





you about

them

Ralllbls Agents Wanted.

“Buy 11 Noppanee

and get a. guarantee”





Happens. ”Ir. a Its. 00..

315 So. Madison St .

NAPPANII, INDIANA.





 





 





“AUTOMATIC”





milk. An





 





Writetoronrental as

bean bonttheuse





CREAM

SEPARATOR





This is our latest improvement.

the little gasoline engine even better than the battery

and coil system hitherto used with excellent results.

The “AUTOMATIC"IS now more automatic than ever.

Not even a. battery to renew nor a. coil to adjust.





The Engine is a Little Wonder





It is only a K horse power but has double the capac—

ity needed. Compactly built into the separatorimelf.

Starts dependably, by the simple pulling of a cord.

The engine will do any work on the farm that man

And it won’t balk. The self regu-

ting gasoline feed keeps it running, whatever the

atmosphere or load.

It: Runs for Hours Without Watching

There is nothing to watch but the fuel supply, and

that is good for a six hours' steady pull. The “AUTO-





MATIC” re uires no cranking.

it skims closer than can be done by





hand power.

No. 13.





“Magneto Equipped





wer can do.





It is filled full of practical

gasoline power in a cream separator. This

3 Intel-motion which every up- te dairy





STANDARD SEPARATOR COMPANY





   





Protects ignition of





   

   

   

 

   

 

 

   

 

   

 

 

   





It skims while you





   

   

   

   





man should have.





roe-r OFFICE Box nos

g Milwaukee. Wisconsin





   





 

   





 





 





 

 





 





We admit it was no

the Boein- at the to





 





«autism; to put



9 ma rpsrt



before minute:

the





those

Al-Stteel Door Silas “(main

Jonson- “mo“





 





an r

hugs toe-”limb 5813110;





tame: an: we dflgzfl “the That'awhy fimguhmm oosa I12;

nor or Bat k ran dy—tha

Anchor and the e Stool b. whlc 'm!0nr we ’namhsd. Sandtoritandyon' ll

marks final per test on in Bllo building. as w experienced Delusion and Stocking--

myenrsws’veunwntrononeanuw lust





manning

”PM





 





es. Qur‘aalaalnsslngledny





The Saginaw stands strong and Immovabla as a

his CltySkyscI-spsr. lo atom can twist it or tilt

It termite!) It! foundation. And every pound of

aS-rlnaw comes out bright





buying a cow select one in which Jersey

or Guernsey blood prevails. Do not buy

it nondescrlpt or a mongrel, and do not

buy a cow with home. A polled cow is

the only safe kind where them we chil-

dren

No one should keep 11 cow unless some

member of the family knows how to

milk. 1111 these days when It In so diffi-

cult to HP‘t'lll‘e good servants. it Is ex-

tremely risky to depend entirely on the

whims of the gardener or stable man to

care for the cow. If be should leave

suddenly the whole, family would be

thrown Into 11 punlc, unless someone.

knew how to milk. It Is perhaps too Well

known to be worth mentioning that 11

cow must be milked regularly night and

morning, no matter wbut other work is

left undone.

New York. 'l‘. .-\.

THERE ARE NO STATE REQUIRE.

MENTS FOR DAIRY BARNS.





TM 11‘ FT.





 





“but are state requirements for .111 up-

ill-(lillt‘. (lulry bum? My burn is .fi-ixzt;

ft. and l have planned to raise it on 21





7—l't. wall. 011 one side at u '12-“. ground

driveway I wish to keep horses, and on

lbe- other side I wish to keep cuwa. 1





will sheet up both Hitlt‘H of the driveway.

\\'Uuld there be Ilny objection to the.

stock being thus situutetl where one dc-

.s-ircs to sell milk or cream?



\\'n.~1btcnnw (It). A. \l'. Id.

The state bus Iicvor prcHIIIIIed to pre-

Ht'l'llm Imy l‘t‘tlllll'elllt‘lllH for (lIIiI'y burns

lll‘ in fact for any other klIni of burn.

has passed 11 law pI'chntlIIu'

the Ittlultorullun of milk but llt‘Vt‘l'

passed 11 luw governing the conditions

under which sunllury mllk must be pro-

tlIIcctl. Several IIItvm'pnI'nlctl cities.

I-Vt-I', of the state b:-IVc |IilSHUtl ordinances

designed to control and pI't-Herw- the

purity of the milk pr'mlIIt'l sold in the

various cities. None of tl1c::e ordinances

so Mr UH I know, state how the barn

Sllilll be. built or anything of the sort.

They simply insist that thc milk must be

clcun 11ml wholesome Wllt‘ll it Is Hilltl In

the city. It is well known that milk

must bc produced under 11s clean con-

tllllnm: its ])l‘llt‘llt‘:llllt‘. 21ml llIcII It must

be cooled its low ilH lll'ill'l'lOillllt‘ llCrlll't‘

being: shipped to the city. l'mlcr lllI'Hl‘

conditions milk is usuully a wholesome

l‘mul. But no Hilllt‘ law or city ordinance

attempts to tell the farmer how be slutll

have his bII'Im built or constructed IIII-

decidedly unsanitary. \\'bcn

from the city inspects

milk goes to

that city and III"





lllIH





bow-





less it is

the milk inupcclm'

the dairies wbcre lbc

ply the inhabitants of





sup-





permlt the sale of his milk In tbe city.

or something of that sort. and while

probably his milk was not kept III a stable

for any considerable length of time it

might be, considcred IIIIsuIIitary condl~

timrs or improper conditions under which

to keep milk. If the stable is kept clean

as an ordinary stable can be kept con-

veniently, and the milk removed from the

stable. there would be no question at all

as to how the stable was constructed or

what it was constructed 01’. Again. a.

city inspector might say that milk should

not be kept in the same stable with

horses, and yet if the horse stable was

kept clean, the horses kept on one side

of the barn and the cows on the other,

and conditions were cleztn, he would prob-

ably have no objection to this, providing

the milk was removed from the stable

as soon as possible so that it would not

absorb the odor, either from the cow

stable 01‘ the horse stable. Consequently

you would bave a right to remodel your

stable in any way that you thought best

as long as you made it sanitary, and

built it so that it could be kept reason-

ably clean as a stable. No city milk

ordinance contemplates forcing a farmer

to do things that are absolutely imprac-

ticable. that they wuntds to have him

produce sanitary and wholesome milk.



If you have your stalls run crosswise

of the barn and have a 12-foot driveway

I would not think it would be necessary

to board this driveway up. Sim-ply have

a. pasSageway between the cow stalls and

the horse stalls so that you can drive

through and clean out the barn by load-

ing the manure from both the horses

and cattle directly onto the manure

spreader or manure trucks. This would

be a splendid way of keeping the stables





 





in good sanitary condition with the least





finds dccitlctlly IIIIHaIIitrtt'y ctmtlititms lbcn

be bus at right to prescribe what must

be done. For instance, suppose a mun

bad 11 common dirt lloor and the cows

Stood in iiltb in the stable. lle could

say that those. conditions were unsani-

tary and [but clean milk could not lw

produced under those conditions, 1111111

could say to the farmer {but unless be

put in 11 cement floor that he would not





MARCH 3. 191::





possible expense andrno inspector could

object to it, providing the stable was

kept fulrly clean and the milk was re-

moved as soon after milking as possible

so that It would not absorb the odor at

the stable.





HAY NECESSARY WITH SHREDDED

FODDER.—SEPARATED MILK

FOR CREAMERY.





 





How many tons of mixed hay will 21

grade Jersey cows, one. bull and six year-

llngs require from Mnrcb 15 to May 10.

to be fed with silage and shredded corn





fodder and gluten feed? Will It pay to

buy 11 Hellal'flltll‘ and separate my mill;

rather than send the whole milk to the.





crcu mery ?



.lflt'kHtltl CH. S. C. B.



No one can tell anything about how

much buy It will be necessary to feed,

because one c1111 food may sparingly (If

the buy 11nd yt-I'y libernlly of the shred

dell corn fliiltlL‘l' and thus rlltlUCt‘ thc

iimuunt of buy absolutely Iict‘ossnry, and

be can make 11 I’ulrly good ration 8.1540 If

he feeds a little heavier of the gluten

I‘cI-tl und corn silage. AH 11 mutter of

tilt-l. be could 14111 11111111.); t-ntlI'cly without

the buy. although II ls’bctlt-I' lo bnve this

the ration. ll’ (”it bad no shr’cd-

t'utltlm' lbc (row.- probublyn-ugbt

to bums ubout l3 lbs. of clover buy 13m-

(luy for the must economic-.11 ration, but

with the, Hill't'llvlt'tl corn fodder they could

get along easily with it) lbs. pcr day. Il’

51111 [mi 10 lbs. per day it will take about:

two and one-bull tons to feed tln- cattle

for the time specified, lllil this could be

I'mlucctl in amount, provided you had

plenty of Hbrctltletl corn l‘ntldcr that you

“unit-II to dispose of and bud to buy the

buy. It might be policy under these cir-

cumstances to reduce. the amount anti

use 11 little more gluten feed to make a

bubIIIt-ctl I'Htlml.



'l‘bcre are quite a number of things to

Izllt't' Into (‘Ullflilll‘l'atlllll 2151 to whether

mn- hznl better buy 1). sepurntor and de-

liver cream at the. crmmery Instead of

wholc milk. The skim-milk ls certainly

better if It Is separated on the farm and

I‘m] warm to ('ilth‘S and pigs, and It is

lllllt'll nmrc convenient. And again, It

«Int-sn‘t cost us much to deliver the. cream .

would the whole milk, because the

l‘i'tlllt't‘tl very materially.

cure the cream would

t-ch-y day. Ev—





lIuy in

tietl cur-n





11% it

unmunt ls

Again. wilb proper

not need in bi- Ill-llvcrctl

I-I'y tilllt‘l‘ tl:l_\' wlll do if l~lllllS are taken

In cool the creum and stir It when it Is

I-IIIIIIIIg_SII as In relieve it from the, {Illi-

Inul bent 111111 illllillill mlur. and then if it

is kcpl ('tltll it can be delivered every

other day 11ml still be in Very good «:on-

tllllUll. Now these lbings must be taken

into consideration. If you buve to deliv-

own milk and have to go every

with it limited amount 01' it, of

makes it very expensive. 011

lutml. If you Separate It at



\I'nultl only have to go chI‘y



IJIIt if your milk is hauled by

that comes by your house.

it would not make so much difference.

However, then, of course. you would have

to pay for llltllllllg the skim-milk tn the

creztmery and back again, and besides

that ibe skim-milk would bc. cold when

it t'zlllle back from lilo creamcry 11nd

would have to be warmed before it was

fetl to calves and would be better if the

chill was taken off before it was fed to

pigs, especially young pigs.



Another matter to be considered is the

distance to the creamery and the con-

dition of the roads. \\'h:1tover expense

is incurred in the. delivery of the product

at the station must under almost all

circumstances be borne by the producer,

and if that expense is int-reused by car-

rying skim-milk to the station and re-

turning to the farm, that much would

be retained by separating 011.the farm.





11' yulll‘

morning

course it

the UlllI-l‘

lltllllt‘ you

tllllt‘l' (luy.

it paid liunlct'





less, of course, the added expense of

separation over the other metbod of

handling.





 





Numerous prosecutions are expected to

follow the recent seizures of more than

a quarter of a million pounds of butter

in Chicago warehouses by revenue agents.

unlawful :Idulteration being charged by

the federal authorities. It is alleged that

the butter contains more than 16 per

cent water. Last December. when the

inquiry began, more than 25.000.000 lbs.

of butter were stored in Chicago storage

houses, being about half of the actual

supply in cold storage In the United

States. but since the beginning of the

investigatIOn about 20,000,000 pounds

have been shipped away from Chicago

Federal officials declare that this is a

prime factor In the high cost of living

and rigorous inspection will be made of

all butter that enters the warehouses.

Manufacturers of butter in Illinois. Ohio.

\V'isconsin, Iowa. Minnesota and Nebras—

ka involved may be prosecuted for the

alleged adulterations. The penaltyfor

violations of the revenue laws regarding

the sale of butter is a fine of $5 000 and

a tax of 10 cents for each pound adul-

terated. .
MARCH 8, 1913.





DAIRY FARMING.

The Man.



In this world are found too many men

who are unfitted to the work they are

doitigwsonie, of course, are at their tasks

out of necessity and others by accident

or choice, but they all are inefficient. and

working at a disadvantage by reason of

being unsuited to their occupation.\ The

dairy business has suffered like all other

occupations in this regard. Men who

lack the ability to produce money-sav-

ing crops, to provide the right kind of

dairy barn equipment, to secure a good

herd, to breed and feed his animals Well,

and to dispose of the product after it has

been produced, men who lack that qual—

ity to make the dairy cows feel at case

when he is about, these men are certain

to make a failure of the dairy business.

If, after a personal examination one con-

eludes that there may be qualities that

Will disqualify him from putting not only

time but attention of mind and heart in-

to dairying, it would seem the course of

wisdom to consider another occupation.





v





THEJMICHIGAN FARMER





'ernor Hoard says, one must have a little

sentiment in handling either a dairy cow

or a woman. if he hasn't got it. he will

make a failure with both. I want to tell

you just a little experience... A number

of years ago i had an old soldier as

herdsman—"Old Jake," We called him.

Most people would say he was a sim-

pie-minded fellow, but we know that he

was nature’s own noblemen. He

liked he madc'them comfort-

able. He would not think of going to

bcd at night until he looked them all

over to see that they were comfortable.

ile had it on his mind; not for the mon-

t-y he got, but because he liked the cows.

i never had my herd do so well as then.

Then: came a time when “Jake” got a

pension and he thought his rheumatism

was worse than ever and he, had to

lcave. lie was gone about a year, and

then he came back, not to see me or the

family, but he had stood it as long as

he could to be away from those cows. It

was summer time when he came back,

and the iirst thing he wanted to see was

the cows. I went; down the lane with





one of

cows and





 





 





Persistent





elements that combine to

ill. for a duly, a longing

thing is of most





Of all the

make a person

to do that particular

importance. A sincere desire to be. en-

grosscd in a certain business generally

reveals the. line in which the person will





succeed, for if he has an affection for

the work he will inform himself of the

requirements and gct in a position to





supply them. it is then that he will se-

cure books, and journals and bulletins

to learn of the experiences of others and

with a longing for thc business he will

ever study to learn causes and determine





effects, As applied to the dairy business

a loVe for the dairy cow should, and

naturally would. lead a person to gain





much knowlcdge (if her and the environ-

ment in which she will succeed best.

Now one of the important pe'sonal

qualificatim'ts that can be acquired to a

large degree by the person who wants

to follow dairying, is business ability.

llairy farming is a business. \\'iihout

business principles it cannot be made a.

success. If Mr. A. has made a greater

success out of any kind of business than

in saying that





Mr, 8., one is warranted



A. had greater executive ability, that he

understood business principles and ap-

plied them more successfully. it isn’t





always the best educated man that makes

the greatest surccss out of dairy farm-

ing—far from it. The. college professor

may make a signal failure of it and yet

know all about the subject. '\\'hy? Be-

cause he may lack this business or ex-

ecutive ability. lie must not ignore that.

it is the man back of enterprise that

makes that enterprise. a business suc-

cess, and it is just as true. of dairy farm-

ing as any other kind of business in the

world. The, business of growing crops

upon our farms and marketing those

crops through the dairy cows as dairy

products, is one of the most proiitable

branches of agriculture in this country

today. Taking everything into consider-

ation, there is no phase of agriculture

where there is a greater chance for real

profit, than where a. man grows crops on

his farm for his cows, makes butter, or

sells cream, feeds the skim-milk to calves

and pigs, retains all the fertility p05-

sible upon his own farm, and thus mar-

kets his crops through his cows. But

this requires business sagacity.

Sentiment is another quality necessary





to make a Success of dairying. The

dairy cow has got to like her keeper. It

may not be absolutely needful to like





the cow, but one has got to fool her in

some way and make her like him orvshe

won’t give you the best results. As Gov-





 





Breedlng toward a high Dairy Type raises the standard of the grade

cows and occasionally produces an animal of rare performance.





him and there on the, creek ilats was the

herd feeding. i could go down ordinarily

and they would kccp on feeding. But

when they saw “Jake" coming along

with his peculiar hitch, thcy stopped and

looked, and then they started. When the





queen of the herd came up he put his

arms around her neck and tears rolled

down his checks. You want a little bit





of that sentiment to make a success with



the dairy herd.



A PERSISTENT MlLKER.——SWEET OR

SOUR SWILL FOR HOGS.





 





i have a Jersey cow due to freshen

April 15. She is a very persistent milkc'r

and shows no signs of drying up. \Vould





bettcr for her and the calf if

And if so. how is

This cow is the

want to do what

the calf. And is

feeding sweet or

sows as long as





it not. he

i should dry her up?

the best way to do it?

best one I Own and l

is best for her and

there any difference in

sour swill to pregnant

they get proper grain? The sows scent

to prefer sweet milk and swill.



(iccana (,‘o. ll. J. l’.



As your cow is due to freshen April





l3, and is still giving milk it will be im-

possible to dry her off as she should be.





if she shows no sign of drying up now

you can scarcely get her dry in time so

that it would do any good anyway, and.

therefore, i would advise milking her. I

would gin her a good libcral ration of

i‘ccd, more titan what milk she gives

would seem to warrant btwause she is





not only giving milk but she is also tak-

ing care of the embryo calf. if you don’t





feed her well your calf is liable not to

be vigorous when it comes. it may not,

anyway. C(iws ought to have from four





to six weeks vacation but sometimes we

get such persistent milkcrs that they do

not dry off and it seems to be impossible

to force them to do so. In such cases it

is advisable to continue milking them.

Of course, the last few days before the

cows freshen the milk would not be fit

for food but could be fed to pigs.



Feeding experiments would seem to in-

dzcate that it makes but little difference

whether pigs are fed sweet milk or sour

milk. An experiment made at the Wis-

consin Experiment Station would seem

to say that the pigs did a little better on

sour milk than they did on sweet but

as it is some bother to sour the milk in

cold weather I don’t think that there is

difference enough so that you need to

pay any attention to the condition of the

producet. At the Vermont station results

showed the sweet and sour milk to be

about equal for gains, but the pigs fed

sour milk seemed to relish their diet

more.





9—297





".11 e

.4 [Illnys

l- all the year round





, Most anybody can make a dairy pay in spring-



time, but it takes science to make it equally profit-



‘rfl", if. able in the drought of August and the zero weather



‘ ”y; of mid-winter. We know what we are talking



,. about because we used to be cattle men ourselves.



‘ "it” E“ And we found out how to make June forage last all



' 7\- lift}: year and how to get unc milkings in mid-winter.

. \, \





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





,;. t“)

llEIIBIlt





' ill





 





' I

.

2' Ell-lll





. ~. Limes} 7' .



.. we": W



a,...tttt ”" «



a l 1?.th m“ /



firth» «

« kllsfl’fidltiill





Ill

:7”! ‘ (Int: ‘Il

\’ ' militate...”





m "ll/“it's ‘

tutti-t" tilt ,

I 'f) d



l





{23?





 





 





 

 





 

 

 





   

 





 





' hat’s why we went into the Silo business. The





lNElaM





 





‘ has revolutionized the live stock industry. It is



, f; _- D} the practical product of practical farmers. When



.t W% . 21...;s we made the first Indiana Silo ten years ago we



lull“ .\ " "3“ made a. better silo than anybody had ever made

#31 ~





 





V 7— .. I

..:' ///,





before. We sold it before it was finished and then





I

U ‘-‘ Alto-





 

 





made another even better than the first.

gether we built 50 Indiana Silos that year.





 

 





III/l





Now we have four great factories with a capacity

of 150 Indiana Silos a day. We are the largest silo

manufacturers in the world. We have our own

salaried timber experts at the mills who reject every

piece of material that fails to come up to the stan-

dard of perfection that has made the Indiana Silo

famous. We have built and sold more than 25,000

Indiana Silos and the first one is still standing

and giving perfect satisfaction.





 





F you are farming for

profit, we want to send

you our catalogue and a



free copy of the book “Silo

Profits,” which is the story

of the Indiana Silo as written

by scores of owners of Indi-

ana Silos. Write for it today

and let us send you the

name of our representative

in your locality.





Let us build an Indiana Silo to your order now

We will make delivery when you want it.





THE INDIANA SILO COMPANY





 





 





Rangetmger you! gfn'i £10"! Fm’ :



ca: 0 uy an n n -



u“ buy: ltao‘lfg' ° Anderson. Ind. Des Moineo. lo. Kama City. Mo.

382 Union Blda. 382 Indiana Bldg. 382 Silo Bldg.





 





 





 





./ SaveBiQ Money





 

   

   

 

 





0" CREAM SEPARATORS





-—and Got a Bigger, Better

Machlno— Guaranteed 3 Lifetime "'I////





\B W'e want to send you our big, new Separator

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ust think of it! A full size 2001b. C’ ' . ’

or only $19.65—a price NEVER BEFOR‘l‘PafiX Eliflkfi .

bye. Lifetime Guarantee agatnstidcfective material and

wor manship. Skims 1%. quarts a minute and gets ALL the

cream. rl‘houuands in use. Catalog shows four larger sizes up w

6001b. unflaEeIigy shown here—nil sold for much less than others ask—all t

GU An A NT 1‘ A LIFETIME..- backed bye million do capital. '





 

 

 





 





 

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 

 

 





   

 





   





Cream Separator has a. wonderful new “triple force”

skimming device. complete in ONE PIECE. made of Aluminum

-—ltght. rust-proof and easy to clean. Milk slime and butter-fat

won't; stick to it. The Maynard has no discs. no "hard-m-get-at"

)laces to wash. Note these labor-saving features: Self-drainin

)owl: low down milk tank; open milk and cream spouts: ball

bearings bathed m oil; easy to turn; (”I can't drip on floor; sturdy frame.





60 Da 8’ FREE Trial





Send for our Free Cats 0 today. See for yourself the money

/ you save-see how we gl ly put any size Maynard on your farm

——let you use it: two whole months—then. if you are not.

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even for freight. Don't. buy out I you 3 our big Free catalog and oweut

prices over quoted. Sending for be oea nut obligate you in any way.





The Charles Willlam Stores, Inc. ,

Dept. A17 so Plno strut. NEW YORK cm

Quick Shipment from New York, Chicago & Kann- City ;-





///// / //////////////77fl





\ \\\\\\\\\\ \\\\\





 





 





 





iThe Only Spreader wiihrf

lTwo Beaters and with a

Distributing Attachment.

'Pulverizes and Spreads “litter. \\





 

 





Man. it's a wonder! Coversthree full rows—6 to 7 feet. Cuts the

manure Into shreds and distributes it evenly. No choking. No

bunchmg. Guaranteed to do this With all kinds and conditions of

yard and stable manure; also lime, ashes. compost and commercial





fertilizers. See the spreading paddles in the picture!





New Idea Manure Spreader





The Spreader That Won the Hartman Contact



Far ahead of any other on the market. Simple construction.

-but stands hard usage. No co or bevel gears. Easy loading. Easy

haul for double team—not a orse killer. Tracks with standard

wagon. Solid bottom which never warps. breaks or wears out. Only

perfect endless conveyor—cannot slip. All power direct from rear

axle. Only two levers to operate. Strong metal wheels.



50 more “ran info. All explained in New Catalo '



WRITE FOR ffiooa r wheel: “4' '



now or not. SEND A PdST CARR.” ""4 a m "

NEW IDEA SPREADER 00., 116 Sycamore Street, Coldwm, Ohio





, Strong

LlE’l’lt ‘

\ctcr t loos



lots-lion n





taiaratttmt





 





 





When Writing to advertisers lease state that





 





‘you saw their ad. in The {é’higan Farmer.
..,Iw,~a~.:~ii. x. ',. .. U .‘ ‘,- . in. s»...





 





 





 





 





 





THE MICHIGAN FARJMER.





MARCH 8, 1913. '





 





 





COM





I Biff/w 725‘“; ‘

,6.





Front Cover Printed In 14 Beautiful Colors





Contains 165 Fine Enmvings. Also a Complete, Accurate

History and Thrilling Description of the Racing Life of





DAN PATCH





The Large. Eight by Eleven, Front

Cover of "The Racing Life of Dan Patch”

is a Beautiful, 14 Colors Reproduction of

M. W. Savage. driving Dan Patch at a

Two minute clip. Above Engraving

shows the Cover Page in one color and

when Reproduced in 14 Colors it makes a

picture of Great Artistic Merit. as it is

Entirely Free of Advertising. This Paint-

ing is the Finest and Most Life Like

“Speed" Painting ever made of the

World Famous Champion of all Cham-

pions. Dan Patch 1:55,-the Fastest and

Most Popular Harness Horse in all the

World’s History, over Two Million People

having written for Dan's Picture. This-

the Only Painting ever made of M. W.

Savage driving Dan Patch 1:55 and it was

made from an actual photograph. It is

as Natural and True to Life as if you

actually saw Dan in one of his Terrific

Bursts of speed.





You Will Enjoy Reading the Thrilling

Accounts of his Wood Racing Con-

tests. during along term of years. They

were written by an eye witness and one

of the most Vivid Writers of Horse

Racing. whose descriptions are almost

as Interesting and Thrilling as if you saw

the actual racing. You cannot read this

book without being filled with Pleasur-

able Excitement as you picture in your

mind the True Greatness of Dan Patch

1:5 as he Repeatedly Won Great Racmg

Events. You Will Enjoy Reading about

Dan's Thrilling Finishes before flieCheerv-

ins Mind“ of Enthmiastie Hone Low

era. You Will Enjoy Reading about

Dan’s Sensational Racing. year after

year, and about how he never lost a race.

You Will Enjoy Reading about how

plans were laid by drivers of other great

race horses to beat him and how Dan

always brought the very highest class

race horses, and their drivers. to defeat.





You Will Enjoy Reading about the

Greatest Race Horse in the World's

History. You Will Enjoy Reading about

his Wonderful Speed Exhibitions, after

he developed such Tremendous Speed

that horses would not start against him

in races. As a noted horse writer wrote

at that time. “It was always Dan first and

the competing flea of nowhere.”





You Will Enjoy Reading about how Dan

kepl on Extreme Speed Edge for Over 10

Years in all kinds of ,weather and over

all kinds of tracks, a Great World Record

in itself, no other horse having ever,

even approached it. You Will En oy

Reading about Dan's retiring to y

Inca-national 1:55 Heron Far-n. Strong,

V arena and in Good Condition and

s retaining his Sensational Speed and

where he is proving to be one of the

World's Greatest Sires of Extreme Speed

and is the Leadhlg 2:10 Sire of the World,





, ' ..'

i — amass?” INNEAPOLI§





MW F000





 

 

 

 

 





(1’ T





 





 





This New;and

Thrilling,

Illustrated

132-Page Book.





 

 

 

 





   





5 OF OW'ER





 

 

 

 

 





us minim“ L





 





 





 





for his age. You Will Enjoy Reading

about the Thousands of People who visi

My “International 1:55 Hone Faun"

every year to see Dan Patch 1:55. the

Mighty Hero and Harness Horse King.

You Will Enjoy Reading about Dazzle

Patch—Dans Sensational Son. that

paced a half-mile in 59 seconds. a Quarter

in 27% Seconds, a 1:51 Clip, and an eighth

in 13 Seconds, 9. 1:44 Clip, whenonly 28

months old. This Book gives all of

Dan’s Official Racing by heats and the

Names and Places of Finishing of all

Competing Horses in each race. It

shows his Wonderful Speed Develop-

ment, from year to car, down to the

time he was retired, t is the Finest and

out Expensive Book of the hind, Ever

Published for Free Distribution.



"The Racing Life of Dan Patch, 1:55”—

is the Book that Millions of Farmers and

Stockowners and Horsemen have been

waiting for as a Library Ofllcial Refer-

ence Book of the Fastest Harness Horse

the World has ever seen and the Meat

Beloved Harness Hone of all time. If

you Admire or Love a World Famous

Champion Stallion that has been the

Leader in Great Events in making Har-

ness Horse History, then you should

send for one of These Books at once Be-

fore the tree ofi'er is withdrawn. It will

probably cost me $1 50,000 Cash to furn-

ish These Books Free, but you are Per-

fectly to one while they

MAILED FREE—PROVIDING you are a

Farmer, Live Stock Owner or Horseman

Over 21 Years old. but You Must State—



FlRST—In what paperdid you read this

Free Book Otter? '



SECOND—How many Horses, Cattle.

Sheep or Hogs do you own or how many

do you take care of?



Write Letter or Postal Card and

Answer These Two Questions and "The

Racing Life of Dan Patch. 1:55” will be

Mailed to You at once Free and





WE PREPAY POSTAGE.





Write Today and You Will Receive the

Most Thrilling and Sensational Horse

gookBEvker Stallished. Ail; WursDealer



or 00 —Address . . avag -

OR—the Wood Stock Food Cos.

Mimeapol'n, Minn.





$350. FREE





1 want :5 Names tor35 young Dan Patch

Colts and have an ode:- of $10 Cash for

each name we select from. any list. If

You Write Me for the“Racing Life of Dan

Patch." I will also Hail You Free my $350

Cash Offer for Colt Names. You do not

have to buy any 1:foods or send me any

money. I Also ave Colts and Stallions

For Sale On Long TimeWithout Interest.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 

 

 

 

 





 





 

 





WEIGHT VS. MEASUREMENT OF

CATTLE.





_—





I would like to have you inform me if

there is any way to determine the

weight of cattle by measure.



Genesee Co. T. P. C.





We know of no system of accurately

estimating the weight of animals by

measurements. An expert buyer learns

to accurately measure the weight of cat-

tle with his eye, but the variation in

t'ipe is so great that it would be impos-

sible to reduce any system of measure-

ment to terms of. weight which would

ever. approximate accuracy.





 





PROPOSED AMENDMENT TO THE

MICHIGAN STALLION LAW.



At the recent meeting of the Michigan

Horse Breeders’ Association at M. A. C.,

the proposed amendment to the stallion

law was read. In the old stallion law,

the wording was such that it let scrub

stallions go “scott free” while grades

and thoroughbreds had to pay a license

fee of two dollars for the privilege of

standing.



Clearly this was not the intent of the

law. The law was made to crowd out

the scrub sire for it is a. recognized fact

by breeders that the general class of

horses will not be improved until the use

of the scrub stallion is abolished.



The gist of the proposed amendment is

that mongrels cannot obtain a license to

stand unless they have been standing in

a certain community for five years and

the owner can get the letters of ten

reputable freeholders and owners of colts

sired by said stallion, stating that the

stallion has been used in the community

for five years. Also, the bills issued by

the owners of all stallions shall bear the

names “Pure Bred,” "Grade,” “Mongrel,”

0n “Non-standard bred," whichever the

case may be. and such names shall be

posted up on the barns where the stal-

lion slands. The license fee was made

five dollars instead of two as in the old

law, and this license is subject to rev

newal upon payment of two dollars a

year.





 





MANAGEMENT OF EARLY LAMBS.





 





It is a cOmmon occurrence among early

lambing ewes to find individuals deficient

in milk flow when the offspring is drop-

ped. The cause of this trouble can gen-

erally be traced to improper feeding of

the ewes during the pregnant period.

What remedy can be applied at the crit-

ical moment is one of the puzzling prob-

lems confronting the flock owner. Cow's

milk should never be fed a. newly-born

lamb as it is too difficult to digest and

deficient in nourishment. The best plan

is to draw a little milk from another ewe

that has recently lambed, and feed it to

the lamb whose mother can not produce

the necessary supply. Continue the prac-

tice until the mother is able to provide

for her own offspring. Ewes giving trou-

ble of this nature can be assisted by

rubbing the udder. This friction will

stimulate the muscles of the milk glands

and if there is any available material for

milk production it will come down. Prop-

er feeding also should be immediately

begun.



More early lambs are‘lost every season

from becoming chilled than perhaps from

all other causes combined. Chilling may

be produced from two causes. First, ex-

posure to low temperature, and second,

lack of nourishment. There are several

good methods of treating chilled lambs.

If the trouble is caused from lack of

nourishment food should be immediately

supplied if the patient is not’too far

gone. ’Vthn a lamb is chilled from over-

exposure there is but one reliable rem-

edy, and that is the warm water treat-

ment. Put ,the. lamb into' a large pail

and hold his head up above the rim.

Then fill the pail with hot water at a

temperature one can nicely hold his hand

in. As soon as the water cools remove

and repeat the treatment. Continue un-

til the lamb shows life and a little de-

sire to get out. Then remove the patient

and wipe dry with flannel cloths. Keep

the lamb in a warm room until thor-

oughly dry, then return him (to his

mother. I have found it a. good plan to

sew a flannel blanket about the lamb for





 





iprotection against repeated attack and.





all}!IIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIItiIIIIIImlIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllIIllIllIIIIIIIIIIIiIiIiIIIIIlIIIIIIIIIIIIIHlIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIQIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIE’E

E . E

a E

L V St k =

s , E

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leave it on for a day Or two. When

properly applied and done in time, this

treatment of chilled lambs will generally

prove a success.



To achieve a reasonable degree of suc~

cess in handling early lambs the flock

owner must pay strict attention to busi-

ness. During the lambing period every

precaution must be exercised to avart

mortality. As a'rule, more difficulty is

encountered in caring for early lambs

than those that come later on pasture.

Sudden changes of feed should beavoid-

ed, both with the ewes and young lambs.

If the ewes can not get to pasture they

should be Supplied with some form of

succulent food or the milk flow will be-

come insufficient for the lambs and they

will fail to make satisfactory growth.

The, ewes should be heavily grained with

milk producing or proteinaceous feeds.

Clover hay and alfalfa are excellent

I‘oughages for ewes suckling lambs dur-

ing the confined months. To secure the

best results in handling early lambs the

ewes should be gotten onto their regular

ration some time before l‘ambing time

and then gradually given heavier feeding

as conditions demand.



Shiawassee Co. LEO C. REYNOLDS.





FEEDING YOUNG PIGS.





 





 





The proper food for young pigs is un-

doubtedly that which they can obtain

from their mother. Should this supply

be insufficient, it is better to feed the

sow in such a way as to increase the

flow of milk rather than to tempt the

Youngsters to eat for themselves. I hold

to the belief that the cheapest and best

way to use separated milk is to feed it

in small quantities to the suckling sows,

as it will supply just those feeding prop-

erties which the sow requires at the'

time. The sow can digest the milk much

better than can the little pigs. which get

all the benefit from the milk fed to the

sow, and in an easily digested and natu-

ral form. - .



Little pigs suffer from indigestion if

given solid food before they are three to

four weeks old. when they have arrived

at that age a few whole white peas, ker-

nels of oats or Wheat may be given. if

available, small proportion of milk added

to the grains and water slaps.



The piglings will not be able to digest

a great quantity of separated milk, ow-

ing to the fat being extracted. The ad-

ditIOn of a little linseed oil will render

the separated milk more digestible, or as

much molasses as will render the slope

sweet.



The question as to the age at which

pigs can be fed solid grains or feeds is

answered above. So is the question as

to the best way to assist the sow when

her supply of milk is insufficient for her

piglings. If anyone successfully reared

a litter of 16 pigS, as I have heard, with-

out the assistance of the sow, he should

be competent to advise as to the system

of wet nursing pigs. Many different

plans have been tried. Probably the best

and least expensive is the use of cow’s

milk, to which a little sugar or molasses

is added. The principal points in feed-

ing being very frequent meals in early

life. attention to the temperature of the

food, and perfect cleanliness of the feed-

ing bottle, troughs, etc., used in the op-

erzition.



“’hen all these precautions are taken,

it is doubtful if ordinary pigs at Ordinary

market prices will give a profitable re-

turn for hand—rearing.



Canada. W. R. GILBERT.





 





We have raised young pigs “by hand"

with entire success and believe that,

while this expedient should be avoided if

possible, if necessary to the saving of

the pigs it will prove profitable under

present market conditions—Ed.





 





BOOK NOTICE.





"Modern Silage Methods,” the ninth

edition, revised to date, published by the

Silver Mfg Co., Salem, Ohio, is a 264-

page book in paper binding covering ev-

ery phase of building and filling silos.

giving- the reader np-to—dnte informa-

tion on how to feed silage for milk and

beef production, also for sheep, poultry

and other live stock. The book includes

feeding tables, which alone are worth

more than the price of the book. which'

is only 10c, a sum really below the cost

of its production.
MARCH 8, 1913.





MARCH PIGS.



Of the more than fifty millions of pigs

farrowed on the farms in this country

each year, there is a larger percentage

of llosses at farrowing time during the

month of March, than during any other

month in the year. January and Febru-

ary are colder months, but there are

but a 'few who are so presumptious as to

venture to intentionally plan for pigs to

come during those months in this cold

climate. In the southern states tile

weather is too wet and cold, .and the

conveniences in the shape of buildings

are too meagre to make it advisable to

plan for pigs during midwinter.



The month of'March is the month of

heavy losses in small pigs f0r three rea-

sons: It is a month of change-able weath-

er, and not generally much sunshine, an

essential fOr giving young pigs a good

start in the journey of life. In the sec-

ond place, a good. many are anxious to

get early pigs and are ready to take the

chances because they seem to think the

reward of getting early pigs started to

meet the early market in the fall, is

enticing enough to take the risks. In

the. third place, there are but a few Who

know how to make the necessary prep-

arations for pigs in cold weather, and

are willing to take the pains to meet

the necessities.



March is a month characterized by not

only sudden changes in temperature-—

sometimes there seems to be a promise

of fine weather—but there are other con-

ditions that come too suddenly for us to

be prepared for them. Often when there

is not a cold, disagreeable storm on

hand, there is the poisonous east wind

that seems to discourage if not destroy

young lambs and young pigs. Notwith-





 





THE MICHIGAN FARME'R





it‘is the season now upon us, and the

losses likely to be met with in March

are not alone the result of “bad luck,”

but come as a sequel to a lack of proper

precaution and bad management. It is

the season of the year when newspaper

men set their type to “break the news”,

to the general public, ‘and arouse: them

to the “solemn fact” that farmers have

met with serious pig losses during the

early farrowing season this year, and

there is sure to be a shortage in the an-

nual “hog crop” next fall, and conse-

quently high prices must prevail.

Oakland Co. N. A. CLAPP.





FEEDERS’ PROBLEMS.





 





What to Sow wlth Rape for Sheep





Pasture.

What is best to sow with rape in the

spring for sheep pasture? Something





that will make pasture all summer?

Ingham CO. A. H. J.





While a variety of feeds is better for

sheep than rape alone, it is a difficult

proposition to sow anything with rape

which will serve this purpose. Some

farmers sow millet with rape and while

this makes a fairly good combination it

is not so good as though sheep could be

given access to a grafis pasture while on

the rape, either all or part of the; time,

or be given the run of the two fields.



Charcoal and—Ashes for Hogs..



I have some pigs which have acted pe-

culiar f0r some time. They appear to

crave for metals, especially galvanized

iron and zinc and to nurse each other.

The pigs are six months old and over.



Mich. ' W .IV.



It is not safe for one to prescribe for

hogs unless he has made a personal ex-

amination, and then it is better to con-

sult a veterinarian who makes a specialty

of this sort of business. However, at





 





 





 





 





21-yr.-old Brood Mare and some of her Colts. Property of J. A. Barnum, Branch Co.





standing the fact that farmers have

more time to demote to caring for pigs

during March than later in the season,

conditions of weather at farrowing time

are unfavorable in several ways which

make it very difficult to save a large

percentage of the pigs farrowed. Even

if the pigs are saved at farrowing time

the battle is not won. Confinement in

pens and the accumulation of filth are

the factors one has to contend against,

and fate too often decrees that the little

pigs, though they are almost as precious

now as diamonds, are to succumb to

some of the many diseases to which they

are heir, before they are old enough

and large enough to be put out in the

open to breathe the pure air so neces-

sary to insure life, and come in contact

with mother earth to insure healthy

strength and vigor.



It is safe to assert that in all that

portion of country above 40 degrees north

latitude, it is not safe to venture very

.much with pigs being farrowed during

the month of March. Seasons have

changed since 50 years ago. Cold weath-

er comes later in the season, we have

what we call] later falls, and winter

lingers longer in the lap of spring. From

the standpoint of economy it is too often

a risky venture to undertake to have a

large percentage of the pigs to be raised

on the farm farrowed in March. It costs

as much to winter the sows that lose a

large percentage of pigs in March as it

does to winter those that bring a tenfold

increase in April.



“'liile there may be a few who have

“good luck," as they call it, with pigs

in cold weather, there are‘ thousands who

meet with severe losses. It is only the

trained herdsman who has the necessary

equipment to control and make the con-

ditions ideal to save pigs in cold weath-

er, that can make it a paying venture

to plan for an increase in the swine

herd during the treacherous weather we

usually have in March.



I offer these hints at this time because





 





 





long range I would say that the pigs

were affected with a mild attack of indi-

gestion, and I would suggest that you

give them charcoal or hardwood ashes,

or concentrated lye. If you use concen-

trated lye use it at the rate of about

one-half pound of concentrated lye to a

barrel of slop. If you give them hard-

wood ashes, if they do not eat them

readily I would put some of the ashes

right into the lep. This will correct any

acidity in the stomach and I think it will

relieve the trouble.

Producing Veal on Skim-Milk and Grain.



\Vill you please tell me if you think

I can make a good veal ca‘lf out of sep-

arator milk and oil meal? Some claim

they can. If it could be done wouldn’t

it be cheaper than giving the calf whole

milk, especially as we have more skim-

milk than We have use for? Please tell

me what you think about it and how

much oil meal to feed?



Van Buren Co. C. M.



I think it would be practically impossi-

ble to produce veal in the same length

of time with skim-milk and grain as it

would on whole milk, because whole milk

is the natural food of the calf. However,

if you want to keep the calves until

two or three months old, or probably a

little longer, you can get them in good

condition so that they will sell well for

vca-l. You want to feed, however, instead

of oil meal, ground flaxseed if you can

possibly get it with the skim-milk. Com-

mence with "a small ambunt and gradu-

ally increase until you are giving the

calf about all that it will eat. Now, be-

sides this get the calf to eating oats and

corn meal just as soon as possible. Be

careful about overfeeding but gradually

increase the skim-milk and ground flax-

seed until the calf has all it wants, pro-

viding it does not produce the scours.

You will have to watch this. Some peo-

ple produce veal calves in this way of

fairly good quality. They will have to

be a little bit older. I am inclined to

think the veal will be produced cheaper

than on whole milk but it will hardly be





\

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n.





An Unsolicited Testimonial

CLEAR-EYED young Iowa farmer stepped up





to a manure spreader demonstrator at the 1912 Chi-

cago Live StocdehoW and, pomting to one of the

' th e hibit sai :

spf‘efdoevl‘zfihudneeofx those machines. It is the strongest spreader I ever

had on my farm, and I’ve had a number of different machines. I

honestly believe that if I filled that spreader With soft coal it would

spread the stuff for me. I wouldn’t trade it for any spreader I ever

0 ned or saw.” . '

wThis unsolicited recommendation from a. man who had used. an

I H C spreader, and therefore knew what it would do, carried weight

with his hearers. They might have doubted whether an I H .C

manure spreader would spread soft coal, but there was no doubt in

their minds that an I H C spreader. had spread manure to this man s

entire satisfaction. This is a typical case showmg what users think

about





I H C Manure Spreaders





manure 5 readers are made in all styles and sizes. There are

lovIv IfInaféhines whidh are not too low, but can be used in mud and deep

snow, or in sloppy barnyards. They are made With either endless or

reverse aprons as you refer. Frames are made of steel, braced and

trussed likoa. steel bri go. Sizes run from _small, narrow machines

for orchard and vineyard spreading to machines of capaCIty_for large

farms. The rear axle is placed wel under the box, where it carries

over 70 per cent of the load, insuring plenty of tractive power at all

times. Beaters are of large diameter to prevent Winding _ The teeth

that cut and pulverize the manure aresquare and chisel pomted. The

apron drive controls the load, insuring even spreading whether the

machine is working up or down hill, .or on the level. I H C Spreaders

have a rear axle differential, enabling them to spread evenly when



ners. . .



turning ccTrhe local dealers handling these machines Will show you all

their God points, and will help you deCide on the one that

will 0 your work best. Get literature and full information





 

 





 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

   

 





 





'- é/l/ from them, or, write

viii-V International Harvester Company of America





   





iii





. (Incorporated)

Chicago U 5 A





L





An Imperishable Silo

needs no insurance—because it is permanent. It

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Any Mason Can Build an lmperishable Silo

Once up—it will last a lifetime without needing repairs.





We have a 50 page illustrated book on silos and

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valuable feeding information. It- .

contains articles by prominent

writers, including Prof. Hugh

G. Van Pelt. Sent FREE on i

request. Ask for catalogA. in





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FIRE PROOFING A. l“ ,1



COMPANY h\: .

' :y 4 Huntington, Ind. " .





 

 





 





 





Milliolioiiilloiloiiiinll





 





 





(”‘1 ._. l 'I .7

Galloway is giving awa. engine power: You

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- f ' .

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WILLIAM GALLOWAY MGM

wnnam cauoway 00., 645 datum Station, Waterloo, Im





   

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





as good quality. COLON C. LILLIE.





 





We any I Ml lino of Enclose It Chic-co. Kansas City. Council Bluflu. Minneapolis and W. 125





 

 





 





3 u H" <‘»" .

-’ ear-aw il’t'k‘i’is‘u< <.
..cfl... <~ ‘





 

 





.15.— ..w;





;.‘If,C.r‘:<J_.‘C~ aha-curses .. .u. .- .,_ ice-.2





« .cs‘





 





MARCH 8.11913. '





 





 





r... A11 Buildings

In All Climates





The true test of a roofing 18 its ability





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trations show buildings on which J-M

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The wonderful durability of this roof-

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There isn t. a. particle of perishable Ina-





: eel O‘Powgr Co,

5cm]- Eonupho. Cur.





terial 1n





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Roofing





Made of that indestructible rock, Asbestos re-

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Literally a flexible stone.



This roofing is still in good condition on hun-

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No coating or gravel ever needed.

Shipped direct from our

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Write for free sample of the wonderful fire- . “ 4......

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Albany

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Philadelphia

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Milwaukee San Francisco

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Louisville





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—A few GREAT





BARRED ROCK FEMALE LAYERS for





sale. W. O. COFFMAN, 'R. 6. Benton Harbor, Mich.





 





ARRED PLYMOUTH ROOKS— Write us for prices

on stock or eggs. Also Yorkshire Swl l.ne

OS'I‘RANDER BROS. Morley. Michigan.





EGGS BARRED ROCK “1.15.3.5. fifei’é’il‘ilei‘él





W. C, COFFMAN, R No. 6 Benton Harbor. Mich.





 





 





' ' ' B rred Rock, R. 1. Beds. Mam-

Pnzo WInning moath Pekin and I. Runner ducks.

Stock for sale. EggsR 31 $2, $30 per set. Utility $5 per 100.

EMWOOD FARM, .13, Grand Rapids. Mich.





 





l . E

Eagaday Barred Rocks. is; 3.0.11...st

$1.60 per 15. Eggaday Poultry Ranch. Marshall, Mich.





CRYSTAL WHITE ORPINGTON





silo—15. fmU1r rand pens. send for Mating list, MRS.

LLIS HO G%, Pine Crest Farm. Royal Oak. Mich.





 





 





OLUMBIA Wy andottes. Winners at Chicago. Grand

Rapids. South Bend and St Jose h. Stock and eggs.

RICHARD SAWYER. Benton arbor, Michigan





AK KNOLL POULTRY—Silver and Partridge

Wyandottoi and Ind. Runner Ducks Eggs for

E. H.& A..OOLLAR Ooopersville, Michigan.





 





sale.





 





' and white Wyandottes a fine lot. of

Silver; some" young stock. New circular Januarylst.

Browning’ s Wyandotto Farm.R . 30, Portland. Mich.



~Famous Winter .Laying Strain

While wYflIlIlIlllGS E gs for hatching after March

list. a few more cockere 9. L. M. Olds. Ypsilanta, Mich.

WRITE lEGnost—‘I‘Wyckofl‘ Strain" , stock

(hix & eg c1r(11lar free.

Maple Oity Poultry Plant. Box ghariotte. Mich.

' —Noted for size, vigor and eg pro-

'hllo "landfill“ duction. 1913 circular rang; in

February. A. FRANKLIN SMITH. Ann Arbor. ioh.

-—April and May oookerels undo

Whit: Wyandolles e... ..1. 11...“... send meg

circular. David Ray, 202 Forest. Ave” Ypsilanti. Mich.





LILLIE FARHSTEAD POULTRY

B. P, Rocks. R. I. Rods.f oand B. O. W. Le horn eggs

for sale. 15 for 31:31'.:3150 60 for .60

OOLONO.L1LLIE. Ooopersviile. Mich.

DOGS.





HOUIIIS Filll IllIIIWIIIG Emiaéiififitgfl“ FEIIIIEIS





Sand 20 stamp. Holmeoville, Ohio





FOX AND WOLF HOUNDS





of the best. English strains in Ameri-

ca; 40 years or orience in breeding

these fine houn s for my own sport.

I nowse offer sthem for “gum



mp for

T. I. HUDSPETII. Sibley. Jackson 00., lo





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Read





If you read this little "ad” and are

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331%” latest information ow to make money out of

r at small ex once, or if in a hurr you can order

from this advert sement. I guar-

antee everything as re resented

or refund monefioA dresis me

personally, Jim him, Pres.





Belle Boat], Incubator Company





East of Rockies

- lump, nursery,





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





SENDA POSTAL





Tels abou 6 non: or t





 

 

 

 





Incubator labor of the year.

Built for a lifetime service—big

hatches euro. Body oodoue.Bu-woodln-

mulls. dad sir two, ubutos llnod.

Double hudnclyltem. double “11“.”! Militia.

tout Improvements normed-I1: nonbotor. Book prone

TE“ rprlu on price nus ou u”.3500 or more. Write Inc I.

persimmon” 111cm “undead... At! an.

R. I'- "who





 





     

 





 

   

   





   

   





80x7 '





 

 





 





 





FERRETS.

—Prlce list free





6000 FERRETS FOR SAL no... 0., (9......





5 cents. C. J. DIMICK. Rochester. Ohio.





2. 000 FEIIIIEIS ifiiifiliil‘itfig‘él‘dfii’oflfiiml





 





 





mulled freo.- N. A.K1NAPP. Rochester. Ohio.

Splendid Results

S. A. VVinegar. Grand Rapids, Mich”





who has been advertising poultry. reports

as follows: “My advertising has kept

me busy answering and delivering stock.

Have had splendid results.’ , , .





BEE SUPPLIES





end your name for free on





8. J. GRIGGS 6’: C0.. 28 W Erie St..'I‘olodo.0.





; 55 BREEnsz oblate-imbue“.

coon. Turkeys.





to . loo mi com.

'33.."5‘33 «Tim-"me” Poul trybook





Incubator Ce 0:

“.11. Minutes. lone. Ian-hie. ulna.





When writing advertisers please

mention The Michigan Farmer.





 





 





 





 





 





ventilated room.

panylng an incubator are generally to be‘

relied upon,

carefully no greater losses should be ex-





WhyChickSDieInThe Shell.





 





Dying in the shell is a. very common

trouble and one which causes many fail~

ures. There had not been any attempt

to discover why chicks die in the shell

until hatching with incubators became

popular, although the trouble- prevailed

long before the incubator was thought of.

There were only a few dead chicks under

each hen, at the most, and nothing was

thought of it. but when the incubator

came into the field, making it possible to

hatch chicks by the hundreds. the cause

of this trouble came up for discussion.





My ideas on the matter have been form-





ed from my own experience and obser-

vation.

ll’hei‘her a larger number of chicks die





in the shell Where eggs are hatched in





incubators than under hens is doubtful.

However, it is very plain to me that two

chicks dead in the shell under each of

10 or 12 hens will not attract much at-

tention, while a score or more in one in-

cubator will cause very much alarm. It

is simply that by having all the eggs

together. as in the incubator, one realizes

more fully how many there are. \Vith

hens it‘s only one or two here and there.



As to the cause of the trouble it may

be said that, perhaps. in not two cases

in 20 will the conditions under which

eggs are incubated, or the conditions sur-

rounding the eggs before incubation be-

gins, be the same, hence there must nec-

essarily be various causes. It is there-

fore difficult to give definite instructions

that will apply in all cases. A few chicks

dying in the shell should cause no alarm.

It cannot be prevented. and it is an im-

possibility to hatch every egg. A few

chicks failing to come out of the shell is

no indication of faulty incubation, nor

does it necessarily mean a weakness, in

the breeding stock. However, when a

large number (lie in the shell it is time

to look about for the trouble.



The incubatm- is not as often at fault

as many are inclined to think. If the

machine is a good one. of standard make,

the trouble is more likely with the op—

erator or with the eggs. A poor operator

Will not get a good hatch from the best

machine ever made. If the trouble is

neither with the machine nor the op—

erator. then it lies farther back. Care-

fully note the conditions surrounding the

eggs after they were laid and before be-

ing placed in the incubator. E gs too

long exposed to a chilling atmosphere, or

kepi‘ in too high temperature, or kept

too long after being laid and not turned

daily, will show an unusually large num-

ber of chicks dead in the shell.



Eggs to hatch well in an

should be. as fresh as possible. The near-

er all are of the same age. the better,

and the same applies to size and color.

Eggs two or even three weeks old have

been known to hatch remarkably well.

bur those not over a week or ten days

old are much more to be relied upon.

\Vhile accumulating they should be kept

in a temperature of 50 degrees and should

be turned daily, or at least every other





incubator





day. If they have been on a_long jour-

ney, and perhaps roughly handled, a

larger per cent of dead chicks than usual





should be expected.



None of these things being the cause,

however. go still further back and look

into the condition of the breeding stock.

It may appear healthy enough but not

producing strongly feltilized eggs. There

may be a lack of View on the part of

the male, or a spirit of uncongeniality

between the male and some of the fe-

males The food ration may be lacking

in some much-needed element—green or

animal foodHor the food may be simply

dumped out to the flock and the fowls

are therefore not taking sufficient exer-





yenrsto 51:31?ch Bhowswh ”beats else. to keep themselves in vigorous

s°$°$;:.wing$ggg:gou°{,§fy‘gfi breeding condition. The breeders may

“Mt“ “7 “W - be immature, may be poorly fed, or may





be overfat.



Look over all these

1y. In fact, do not

that has to do with

vitality of the chicks,

indirectly. Remember that securing a

high percentage of live chicks depends

as much upon strongly fertilized eggs,

laid by healthy, vigorous fowls, as upon

proper incubation. The more frequent

causes of chicks dying in the shell where

the incubator or operator is at fault are

irregular temperature, neglect in turning

eggs, improper ventilation or, more fre-

quently, unsufficlent ventilation caused

by operating the machine in a poorly

The directions accom-





condilions careful—

overlook anything

the strength and

either directly or





and if these are followed





peri'enced from chicks dying in the shell



where eggs are incubated by artificial



than by natural means, due allowance



being made for the experience of the



operator. A. E. VANDmnyon'r.



GETTING FULL VALUE FROM POUL-

TRY MANURE.



In published esU mates of the average

annual income from a single hen a credit

of 50 cents is allowed for the fertilizer

item. By carefully gathering and stor-

ing this by-product of the poultry flock

results show that it is not an exaggerat-

ed valuation, but a wasteful manner of

handling may considerably reduce this

figure. As the majority of flocks are

kept roosting over the accumulations of

droppings which exhale pungent am-

monia, valuable to agriculture but un-

sanitary when mingled _with the atmos-

phere that supplies respiration, there is

not only a constant loss of material but-

the breeding place for vermin thus af—

forded renders the care ofpoultry costly,

irksome and discouraging.



An altogether Satisfactory way of stor~

ing hen manure is to build for it a shack

of old boards. secure from the elements,

outside of but conVenient to the quarters,

and lay in a pile of sand or earth with

which to spread a coating over each de—

posit of manure. This seals up the am-

monia and makes a properly diluted

compost. Every day the droppings from

the roosts and scutterings from the floors

should be cleaned up and stored. To

make it a daily task is not burdensome

and is amply recompensed not only by

a sense of cleanliness enjoyable 'to the

fowls and their keeper but a, rich fer-

tilizer is preserved in the best possible

condition. in the- growing season of

course the droppings are applied imme-

diately to the soil.



()n a plot of ground intended for leafy

products. such as lettuce, spinach, cab—

bage and the like, also for all sorts of

vines, an application of this compost,

well narrowed in, just before planting

gives surprising regults in quickness and

luxuriance of growth, conditions essen~

tial to crispness and flavor.



At this stage it is no longer a. sin but

rather a virtue to introduce hardwood

ashes with their content of lime to set

free the elements of growth and sweeten

acid conditions, and their supplementary

constituents of potash and phosphoric

acid to balance the vegetable ration. In

nowise, however, should these- two fer—

tilizers be brought within the bounds of

affinity until awaiting vegetation is pres-

cut to feed upon their resultant dissolu-

tion. After all the reiterations of this

warning appearing in poultry literature,

there are multitiludes of flock owners

still ignorant of, or indifferent to, the

waste accruing from composting ashes

and animal voidings, and who, under the

mistaken notion of cleanSing the roosting

quarters and destroying lice. proceed day

afler day to sandwich these mutual de-

stroyel‘s.



Oceana Co,





 





 





M. A. Hor'r.





IN MICHIGAN.





 





SOURCES OF HONEY

(Continued from last week).



Fruit Blossoms—4n my locality these

always come during the dandelion flow

and constitute a very valuable adjunct

to it.





Fruit-blossom honey is a very

mild, pleasant tasting honey, not quite

so light in color as the clover. Its prin-

cipal value is as a help at the critical





time when honey is getting scarce in the

hive and much of it is being used for

brood rearing.

Clovers.—The several

ver are the most important of all the

honey plants. They were pretty thor-

oughly discussed in a series of articles





varieties of clo-





appearing in these columns last year,

so it seems unnecessary to deal with

them further here.



Basswood, or American Linden—Next





to clover this has been one of the most

important of Michigan honey plants, but

the country has become so depleted 01'

this valuable tree that it is very seldom

we get enough honey from that source

to 'become of any account. When se—

cured 111 its purity it is whiter than clo-

ver and has a minty flavor very pleasant

to the taste. The tree usually comes

into blossom about the tenth of July and

in Michigan the flow is usually of only

three to five days’ duration. G. M. Doo-

little tells us that in his home state (New

York), the flow usually lasts two to

f‘ov. This is probably owing to the

three weeks and is as sure as the clover
MARCH 8,1913- THE MICHIGAN FARMER ‘ 13—301'





mountains. The trees in the valleys of white honey- and, coming as they do

blossom first\and then gradually come after the clover flow is over, are quite

into bloom up the mountain side, giving valuable to the bee-keeper where cucum~

a continuous flow for a considerable time. bers are raised extensively.



As high as 66 lbs, from a single colony, Heartsease (Polygonum persicaria).—

has been reported from this wonderful Grows mostly in low damp ground and

producer of honey.- As the tree is a. is not as a rule very plentiful \in this

very rapid grower, bee—keepers would be state. The honey is of very fair quality,

well'rerpaid for adorning thei-r roadsides and as it blossoms from August until

with a row of shade trees of this va-w killed by frost it is very valuable to the

riet‘y. In‘ five or six years the trees lucky bee—keeper who has it in his 10-

would begin to blossom. Even outside cality. No large yields have been report-

of the bee industry there would be good ed from this plant in Michigan, proba-

money in raising basswood trees, as 15 My because of its scarcity, but in some

to 20 years is all the time necessary to of the western states it is nothing un-

bring them to a marketable age, and cOmmon for bee-keepers to secure an

the lumber is growing more valuable e-v- average Of 200 1135. to the 00101137 from

ery year. Young trees can usually be this source alone. One man reports 450

procured from the woods and brush lots, lbs, from each of two colonies in one

and such trees will do better than those Season from this source and an average





   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





7‘94 n'

DE .1

. {km 0.5.61 U‘





   

 





ad Lake asph __

to make roofing lastz'ngly



waterproo

Roofings made of various compositions give ‘-.





 





 

 





secured from nurseries. for the whole year of 250 lbs. per colony. _ . , , ‘, ‘. . ,, . .

Willow Herb (‘Epiiobium Augustifoli- Mecosta Co. L. C. Wanna; protection and serVice only till their compositions dism—

um)-—This is a great honey plant-‘31“ (COHC‘Uded “9’“ Week)- tegrate and let them leak. The roofing for real endurance is





 





   





 





If}, e“ FEEDING ‘BEES IN SPRING—SECUR- .

ff W . ING NEW QUEENS. @magg

" \4’ “——

till/é In Farmer of Feb. 1, N. F. Gute speaks

A\\ of feeding bees in spring. Does he. feed





outside or abOVe the brood chamber?

He also mentions method of dividing

swarms to increase them. ’ If he does

not wigh to change the queen the old

hive would build queen cells and raise

their queen. would they not?



Lapcer Co. E. S. M.

The best method of feeding bees in

spring is by means of one of the en-

trance feeders which can be purchased

from any of the supply dealers. The

Alexander is made of two-by-four stuff,

with deep saw kerfs in the flat side,

extending nearly through. The cutt‘er-

head is so set as to allow a thin portion

of the wood to be left so as to give the

bees a foothold to prevent drowning.

The wood is saturated with linseed

oil to prevent checking and crack-

ing. The hive is slid forward on

the bottom board and the fceder put. in

place, crosswise of hive. It is made long

enough to extend three inches beyond

the edge of a ten-frame hive. A wooden 1‘ .~

Blossom of Willow Herb. a Species of block closes the exposed end. This feed- ,, as, "l 7

Flreweed Yielding Water-white Honey. er can be used on an eight—frame hive Igglfl‘i‘tdhke {5% l"





most equal to basswood where plentiful. by putting "0V0“ blOCk lengthwise. To

It is a fireweed and is usually at its best feed, “ft bIOCR and pour in the syrup.

the second year after a fire. The honey The Doolittle entrance feeder is abox-

+ secured from it is» very light colored and like arrangement with opening at the

of rather insipid taste. top to allow a fruit can, with perforated

Currant (Ribes rubrum).—Gooseberrie~s cover, to fit in, top downward. This is

also are included in this genus. These pushed before the entrance, closing it in

blossom early but are not usually plenti— every way except to bees coming directly

ful enough tlo make them very important. into the feeder from the hive. Bees

Raspberry—Honey from the raspberry suck the syrup from the can through the he

has, in the last eight or ten years, come holes in can top, which are about the

into great prominence as one of the tin- size of pin holes. Either of these feed—

cst fiavoredhonies produced. The bulk crs are good ones, as only bees from

of the raspberry honey produced comes liivcs fcd have a chance to get at the

«from northern Michigan. As the forests syrup, thus completely doing away with

are luinbered off, raspberries take pos- robbers. The hive is not opened and

session, and bee-keepers who have aDi- thus danger of chilling the bees is

aries in these locations reap a rich har- avoided.

vest. This flow comes at about the same . Old colonies will build their own calls

time as the clover flow. As the bees and raise their own queen, if strong in

can work on these blossoms immediately bees. Many good bee-keepers keep no

after a rain storm there is seldom any queen that is more than two years old,





THE TRINIDAD'LAKE'ASPHALT

R0 cgfin





Many substitutes are manufactured products whose oils of value

have been extracted for other purposes, leaving a hard black

pitch—ea lifeless mass that gives roofing but little resistance.





It soon cracks, breaks, and leaks.



Genasco—madc of Trinidad Lake asphalt—has the natural

oils preserved in it “for life"; and the life defends it

against years of rain, sun, wind, hail, snow, heat, cold,





fire, alkalis, and aculs.



Get Genasco Roofing of your dealer. Smooth or mineral surface.

Guaranteed. (jcnasco smooth surface rooting has the Kant-lea

Kleet, that waterproois seams without cement, and prevents

nail-leaks. Write us for samples and the Good Roof (Junie



Book, free.





_ The Barber Asphalt Paving Company





Largest producers of asphalt. and largest

" :ii.liil.itactilrrrs of ready rooting in the World.





Philadelphia





New York San Francisco Chicago





     

 





 





 





 





fling ChickEFigh .





They must be furnished with the ri I

ght kind of m t i.

intdh fifléfo‘iivittifiihii‘éi’i 1%;an ttili gl'wmulsiclei1 bgne and readily lTighsi fig?

- . . t ose cockereis t k -

able size and turn them into cash beforeus ‘ 0 mar et

prices fall.

completely developed and ready to fill the nests with (taell $33 Qi‘iiifdis'





0888. 4 its .

pry Baby Chick Food





contains just the necessary ingredients to ive t '

weeks the best. possible start. at a cost or lgc per ghigkdurlxhlflidggsglifd liar?

25c, 50c. 31 up. After the third week mix g '





paw Poultry Regulator





in the ration to aid digestion and make th ‘

. e cote t

otul'eed consumed. 25c, 50c. 81. 25-lb. Profit-$2.50? gain for every pound

Your money back if it fails."





Our products are sold by dealers everywhere. or





PRATT FOOD COMPANY





 

   

 

 





 

 

 

   





/





   

   

   

   

 





 

 

   

   

 





 





     

 





 





 





Philadelphia Chicago

[[5 i1 I’MI’III “1,5 35

Dellvered Frelght Paid (East of the Rockies) .—





m The biggest incubator bargain of the season.Think of





itlYou can now get the prize winning VVisconsins—winners in the

three big hatching contests for only $10.85 for 175 egg capacity, or





_1_2_5 Egg Incubator 1'}! Brooder Both 13' $10





" ‘ \ Why take chances with cheaply constructed machines when you

can get. machines built. of genuine California Redwood with Hot. Water





 

 





 





 





 





heat, double walls, dead air space between. double glass doors, copper





a tanks and boilers, self regulatinu and extra deep nursery under egg

Freight of traynncubator and brooder are shipped complete with thermometers.

Paid Rockies lamps. egg testers—set up ready to use when you get. them.

1 ' We agree to kee our machines in repair '

(20) 5Yeal' Guarantee—3o Days Trlal for five years FREE of charglc except parts

broken by carelessness. We also allow 30 days trial right. in your own home. Incubators finis ed in natural





 





colors showing the high grade California Redwood lumber used and not; painted to cover inferior material

If on Will compare our machines with others ofl’ered at anywhere near our prlco.we Will feel sure of your

0 er. Don't buy until you do this—you'll save money—it pays to investigate before you buy Sendfor FREE

fagaiog today or send in your order direct. from this advertisement and save time. Money back it not. sat-





A Variety of Bee Feeders—A. The Alexander; D. Division board Feeder; E. Doo- 8 ed'flJ-‘fl‘éfl WISCONSIN INCUBATOR co" Box [26 , Rae"... Wh-l





little entrance feeder; M. The Miller. day-

1 4O EGG INGIIBATOR Farmers Make Poultry Dollars

and 140 CHICK BROODER Poultry and eggs will bring large profits _ - ‘

Tho incubatoriu 3 III in 1913. Don't fall to get your share,

California Red- 0 $ Everyfai-mershould consider how much . ‘

For this actually means ti’N‘iiii‘nuons

CYPHERS Ind BROODERS .

are selected—are used by flu-mere who demon '

I‘Itholbeat; 13‘ my tlool. T3: \ggrld‘s sundard— ““6“”?

one on y emae voa. n or our big Free

Book, “Profitable Poul Ind Prod cti ” WSIIWMM.

—rloh with vitally helpiiiyi poulwlnfonnluid: Int-hem

Incubator Company. Imus Buffalo. NJ-





 





 





 





 





 





 





'time lost by them when gathering from as vigorous laying young queens are

it Rain will wash all the honey out of much more profitable. The bee-keeper

clover and basswood blossoms, causing Should take~ a hand in getting rid of a

a stoppage in the nectar flow from 010- poor queen, as bees are slow in super-

ver of perhaps half a day to a full day. scding a queen mother. This may' be

The basswood flow will often be ruined accomplished by putting the old queen

for the season by a , single shower of in a top story, or super, putting a queen-

rain. excluding zinc between. Bees will then F

Honey Locust (Gleditschia triacanthus). build queen cells. When a new queen

_An abundant producer of honey but has been hatched, mated and has begun





. - cyphm

usually too scarce to make much im- laying the old queen may be killed by

pression on the flow. I believe the honey the bee-keeper, or the queen excluder .





   





   





m '75.

or . ' ‘





 

 





 

 

 





 

 

 





 

 

 





 





iron: has triple walls, copper tank; ‘

nurse ; egg tester. thermom d ’

to use. 30 D ays' Tr a1 — money back

i not 0. K. Write for Free Catalog today.





 

 





Ironclad Incubator em. Dent. 65 flaclne.Wls.





 





 





is of very good quality. may be removed and the young queen will ,

. , _ ‘ The book entitled. The History of White Diarrhoea, or Why incubator chicks die, will be

Horsemlnt (Monaida . fistulosa). In (10' the deed. A quicker method is that 01’ sent absolutely free by return mail,to any one sending us the names of7to 10 of their friends

places where this is plentiful it produces usmg a queen cell, nearly ready to batch, that use incubators. This book can save you $100 this summer. It describes white





an abundance of finely flavored honey. obtained from some other hive, or by the :33’393h‘i5 wxeillgzouble. The cause and tells of a cure. BOOK ABSOLUTELY FREE





‘ Cucumber (Cucumbis sativus).——Cu- introduction of a virgin or laying queen.





" ’ cumber blossoms produce a- good quality Shiawassge Co. N. F. GUTE. RAISALL REHBDY C0., BLACKWBLL. OKLAHOMA.
merry“: swea-





““‘5'4'21‘? 1' :‘f-At'm‘. 1.,





.1:





302714





iThc Michigan Farmer





Established 1843.





The Lawrence PubliShing Co.





Editors and Proprietors





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TELEPHONE MAIN 452').



New Your: OFFICE—'41 Park Row



CHICAGO Optics—600 First Nnt’ l. Bank Buildin



CLEVELAND OFFICE-1011 1015 Oregon Ave. NFL]!





M. J. LAWRENCE ......................... President

M. LA WRENUE” . .Vice- President.

E. 1%. HOUGET 0N.... .. .Sec. Treas.





 





 





 





 





 





I. R. \YVATERBURY ....................



0. E.T UGN ................................ Associate



BUR WEE T..H Editors.



ALTA LAWSO‘NT LTTTELL. . ......



E. H. HOUGHTON .................. Business Manager

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office orders payable to. the Lawrence Publishing Co.





 





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COPYRIGHT l9l3

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WE GUARANTEE to stop THE MICHIGAN

FARMER immediatly upon expiration of time sub-

scribed for. and we will pay all expenses for defending

any suit. brought against any subscriber to The Mich-

igan Farmer by the publisher of any farm paper.

which has been sent after the time ordered has expired.

prov idin due notice is sent to us. before suit is started.



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any farm paper which does not print. in each issue,a

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tion. lhe Lawrence Publishing 00.. Detroit. Mic.





DETROIT, MARCH 8, 1913.





 





 





CURRENT COMMENT.



Occasionally letters

Always Sign Your are received making

Name. complaint that ques-

tions previously sub-

mitted to the Michigan Farmer have not

been answered. Generally this is due to

the neglect of the inquirer to give his

full name and address. “'here publicity

is not desired the name will not be- pub-

lished, but. for obvious reasons we cannot

reply to inquiries where the inquirer does

not give. his name and address. there

inquiries .are received from a large num-

ber of correspondents some rule has to

be observed with regard to answering

them, 11m] 11 is only reasonable that the

correspondent give his name and address

as evidence that he is a subscriber to the

Michigan Farmer. and as Such is'en-

titled to such service as we may be able

to give him. To avoid disappointment in

receiving a prompt reply to all inquiries

the subscriber seeking advice should

therefore give his full name 11nd post

office address ~

With the approach

of the date for the

a 11 n u 211 township

meeting the' ques-

1ion of an appropriation for local high-

way improvement should be given care-

ful consideration by the elector-S. In the

evolution of our highway system no fixed

policy has as yet bcen developed in most

townships of the state. The question of

the manner of improving and maintaining

the highway has rather been the subject

of experiment. In some townships the

progressiVe spirit has prevailed and a.

section of permanent road built through

local appropriation, and oftcn with the

result that the incrcasc in taxes has

brought about :1 reversion of sentiment

upon this question and further progress

al ng this llllu has been indefinitely de—



la) (1. ‘

We believe. however, that if in the

making of experiments in highway im-

provmnent. the matter of proper highway

maintenance could be more carefully

studied in the :1vcti1eio township and the

voters of the lownHlllD become better in-

formed upon ihc poss'bilii'ies of improved

highways through proper maintenance at

small cost, :1 definite plan would be

evolved which would be permanently pur-



sued in many townships of the state.

Reference has been made in these col-

unms many times to the efficiency of the

King drag for highway maintenance, par-

ticularly on clay roads, and it has also

been demonstrated that even on sandy

roads much benefit is derived from the

use of the King drag at just the proper

time. In'fact, the thoroughness of the

Work, and the timeliness with which it is

carried on throughout the season are



the essential factors to its success."



If one man in each of the four road

districts, into which the average town-





The TOWnShip High-

way Problem.





ship is divided under the present law.





‘ T H E M1 c HIG





were kept constantly at work upon the

highways, using the King drag when the

weather is suitable, the grader to turn-

pike the road suitably when conditions

do not favor the use of the King drag,

the_,drawing of gravel to fill holes 'in the

road where needed, etc., very desirable

resultscould be secured in many town-

ships and the roads could be maintained

in better condition at less expense than

they now are. This is a. matter worthy

of the consideration of the farmers in

every township prior »to the township

meeting when plans can be made for

this kind of work. '





The State Round-Up

The Round-Up Farmers’ Institute, which

Institute. was held at the Agricul-

tural College at East

Lansing last week, was a very success-

ful meeting from every point of view.

The program was a very interesting one.

well calculated to interest both the farm-

ers and students present. The topics

discussed were of a timely nature and

were handled by men who are auUhori-

ties in their several lines. The attend—

ance was very good throughout the ses-

sion, the large assembly hall in the new

agricultural building being filled to its

capacity at practically every meeting,

while on Thursday a separate session

was held for the discussion of horticul-

tural topics and a separate section was

conducted for the women on iVednesday

and Thursday.



Owing to the extended and valrlied

character of the program it has been

impracticable to attempt a consecutive

report, for which reason this important

meeting will be handled as it was last

year. Several of the more important

subjects treated are made the subject of

special articles in this issue and others

will follow in like manner in succeeding

issues, to the end that Michigan Farmer

readers may get the benefit of the lec—

tures upon the more important of the

topics presented in a more thorough man-

ner than would be possible by attempting

a comprehensive report of this important

institute meeting in a single issue.



Every reader should carefully review

the reports of the lecturers upon the

subjects presented in this issue and

should watch for those which will follow

as in this way they may receive some

measure of the benefit which would have

accrued to them had it been possible for

them to have attended this important

institute meeting.





At every legislative

Cold Storage Leg- session the cold stor-

islation. age question comes





up for its share of

proposed legislation. From recent re.-

ports the present legislative session in

Michigan is to be no exception to this

general rule, it being reported that a

bill is to be introduced and pushed pro-

viding for limiting the time during which

food products may be kept in cold stor—

age to six weeks. As is usual with such

legislation, this proposed measure is ad-

vocated as a remedy for the high cost

of living. A careful study of the propo-

sition, however, should convince any fair-

minded man that a bill of this kind giv-

en general application would be an in-

justice both to producer and consumer.

Unquestionably the development of the

cold storage business has been of' great

benefit to the producer of perishable pro-

ducts. Particularly is this true of but-

ter and eggs. which are produced more

abundantly in the flush seaSon than dur-

ing the balance of the year. In fact,

before the advent of cold storage both

butter and eggs sold very cheaply during

the season of greatest production, while

during the season of scant production

these products which were really fit for

table consumption, sold at such an ex-

travagantly high price that ordinary peo-

ple were unable to use them. But with

the development of the cold storage bus-

iness these products sold a little higher

during the season of flush production.

due to the demand for storage purposes

and products of table quality have sold

cheaper during the season of scant pro-

duction, so that on the whole, while the

producer has been benefited to a marked

degree the consumer has not suffered an

injustice when the average price for the

season is taken into consideration.

With other products the same thing is

true to a lesser degree, such as fruits

and perishable vegetables. In fact, in

every case where such legislation is pro-

posed it will be found that the object in

View is to restrict the storage of-meat

products for an indefinite period of time,

either of beef or, as is the case with the

legislation contemplated as above noted,

fish and sometimes poultry. But in the

attempt to regulate the matter or storing





A n, FAR: M is 5R





meat products for future consumption

those‘whd are pushing this kind of legis-

lation should remember that they would:

do a great injustice in applying the same





rule to other perishable products, such

as those above enumerated. ‘This is a

subject of graVe economic importance and

one Which'wlll bear close‘ study from

many standpbints.





The situation with re-

gard to milk inspection

in Detroit will be of

interest to all dairymen as well as city

censumersl of milk, since the situalllon in

Detroit is typical of that in many other

centers for marketing milk. During re-

cent years the city board of health has

taken the matter of milk inspection in

hand and has not only inspected the.

supply as it came into the city, but by

way of insuring a better quality of milk

within the city has been sending 'in-

spect'ors into the country to score the

dairy barns and herds of producers who

ship milk to the Detroit market or who

sell the milk to local dealers at country





Milk Inspection.





loading points.





It was charged by producers in many

sections contiguous to Detroit that oft-

times these inspections were unfair and

were made by incompetent men, and as

a measure of mutual protection local or-

ganizations of dnirymen in different sec-

tions of c0ntinguous territory sprang up.

Something like a year ago a general or-

ganization was consummated and after

a time this was reorganized and made to

include practically all of the local or-

ganizations. ‘I‘his organization is-known

as the Mutual Dairymen’s Association of

Detroit. It numbers something over 800

members and represents

and ten thousand dairy cows, the milk

from which contributes to the Detroit

milk supply. The association is really

an affiliation ,of the 42 local producers'

assooiations scattered throughout the

country which contributes. to the Detroit

city milk supply.



As would be natural, there has been

some friction between this organization.

the local board of health and the milk

dealers of the city of Detroit, and all

sides of this three-cornered combination

have not as yet been satisfied with the

manner in which the problem involved

has been worked out. As a consequence

the Mutual Dairymen’s Association is now

seeking state legislation to control in a

measure the matter of city milk inspec~

tion. According to information furnished

by the secretary of the Dairymen‘s As-

sociation; this proposed legislation, which

is embodied in House Bill No, 290, in-

troduced by Representative Dowulng, of

“'ayne county, contains the following

provisions which are considered import-

ant by the members of the Dairymen’s

Association:



First in importance among these pro-

visions is the matter of the qualification

of the inspectors, the proposed require-

ments being either an experience of two

years on a dairy farm as working man-

ager or- two years’ instruction in the dairy

department of the agricultural division

at M. A. C., or any agricultural college

of similar standing. The provisions of

the bill, so far as supplanting the‘pres-

ent inspectors by those who come up to

these qualifications, are that: one- shall

be put on within 90 days after the law

goes into effect and one each six months

thereafter until the full corps of inspect-

ors are so qualified.



Another provision incorporated in this

bill is no make it obligatory upon the

board of health to grant a reinspection

of premises of any milk producer who

has been eliminated because of the score

of his dairy plant within 30 days after

he flies an affidavit that such alterations

or improvements as wOuld meet the re—

quirements have been completed. At

present it appears that if a man is once

prohibited from shipping his milk because

of the score of his premises, he cannot

get his premises rc-inspected until the

next annual inspection, which is consid-

ered a hardship.



Another grievance of the dairymen is

the rule of the Detroit Board of Health

probihiting the shipment of milk from

a fresh cow for ten days after she has

freshened. It is claimed that in other

states where this matter is governed by

law, a. period of only four to five days

is required to elapse after a. cow fresh-

ens before the milk can be shipped, which

to experienced dairymen w0uld seem to

be a more reasonable requirement. There

are a number of' other minor provisions

relating to the matter of inspecton and

the ground upon which the milk may be

excluded from the city supply. which

space will not permit to be here enu-

merated.





between nine-





MARCH 8-, 1913. '





It is ’said upon good authority that" the

board of health is preparing to make a.

strenuOus fight against ‘the enactment '"of

this preposed legislation. As a. matter of

fact, to one who has observed this con-

tention from the outmde, it would appear

that there are just grounds for dissatis-

faction among the dairymen. There seems

to be plenty of evidence of incompetence

on the'part of some of the inspectors at

least. although it is stated upon reason-

ably good authority that the board of

health has sought to make an improve-

ment in this direction. Also, there is no

doubt that those who have this matter

in charge in the city health department

are less able to give' competent inspection

than would be a class of inspectors com-

ing up to the qualifications advocated by

the dairymen. ,



On the other hand, there is every rea-

son why the city milk supply should be

maintained at the highest possible point

of quality. There is undoubtedly need

for more “horse sense” on the part of

the city authorities and for more tolera-

tion and consideration on the part of at

least a portion of the milk producers.



The discussion which -will arise over

this proposed legislation should at least

give the public a clear idea of the situa-

tion as it is, and the enactment of a

well considered measure of this kind

might promote the public welfare to a

desirable degree._ The hearings upon this

proposition will be carefully followed as

they progress.





As usual during legis-

lative sessions, the

question of school book

legislation is engaging

considerable attention at Lansing. There

are, as usual. two general opinions pre-

valling with regard to needed changes in

the school book law. One- favors the

enactment of a law providing for free

text books in the public schools. This

has the approval cf the Michigan State

’i‘cachers’ Association and the Michigan

Association of School Boards and City

Superintendents. The arguments ad-

vunccd in favor of it are that it makes

the school absolutely free to the pupils,

preventing loss of time and reducing the

cost of school books. to the minimum.

Michigan experience has favored this plan

in cities where it has been tried out and

the objections to the plan are answered

in a faizly satisfactory manner by those

who favor it.



The other idea favors a state uniform-

ity in text books, which idea appears to

he at present, as it has been in the past,

somewhat in the minority. Upon the

ground that the idea of uniformity is a.

good one, if there are no serious objec—

tions to it, some of the objections ad-

vnnced by those opposing state-wide uni-

formity of text books might here be notc

ed. Perhaps the strongest of these

claims is that unsatisfactory text books

might be secured and that progress would

be hadicapped by such a movement. An-

other potent reason is that the expense

of introducing uniformity would be very

conSiderable and that the benefit would

accrue more largely to those who move

from place to place than 110 the more

substantial citizens of the state who re-

main in one locality.



As this is a matter of interest to every

citizen of the state, the outcome of the

piesent legislative consideration of the





The School Book

Questlon.





proposition will be watched with interest





by all.





For the second

time in the his;

tory of the coun-

try, Congress

last week passed a bill over the Presi-

dent’s veto. The bill so passed is known

as the Webb bill and prohibits shipment

of intoxicating liquors into “dry” states.

This bill had previously been passed by

both houses of Congress and submitted





Congress Enacts “Dry"

Measure.





10 the President, who vetoed it for strict-‘





ly legal reasons, it; being his opinion

that the bill was unconstitutional in that

it virtually delegated to the states the

control of interstate t1affic in liquor,

when that control was vested by the con-

stitution solely in Congress.



As above noted, this is Only the second

time in the history of our country, that

Congress has passed a law over the veto

of the President. The first instance of

the kind was when the Rainy River Dam

bill was passed over President Roosevelt's

disapproval. In this case, however, there

was a very decided vote in both houses.

based upon the sentiment that the act

would make effective the prohibition laws

of the "dry” states which are now large-

ly inoperative because intoixcants are

shipped to private individuals within the

states.



(Continued on page 315).
\





 





‘ LITERATURE

POETRY

HISTORY an?

INFORMATION





 





 





v





 





 





77w FARM BOY

an? GIRL‘



SCIENTIFIC Ema



MECHANICAL





 





 





 





 





 





This Magazine Section forms a part of our paper twice a month. Every article is written especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere





 





TAUNCH OLD FORT MAR





T stands within the city limits of St.



Augustine, the “Ancient City.” This



present structure was completed 156

years ago. Few changes have been made

since its completion, although, after the

fort came into possession of the United

States government, several times alarge

sum of money has been expended in re-

pairs. Fortunately these have been re-

pairs, not innovations.



A writer has said of the early days,

“For 200 years the fort was St. Augus-

tine, and St. Augustine was Florida.”

When the Spaniards settled in Florida-—

the New \Vorld that had lured them

across the sea with promises of gold and

of eternal youth—their first thought had

to be of protection. In 1565 Menende-z

built, near the present site of Fort Ma-

rion, an octagon-shaped fort of logs,

chinked with earth. The: palisades were

palmetto trunks driven into the ground.

This was named Fort San Juan de Pinos.



A hundred years brought little chang

to that seaside colony. In 1647 St. Au-

gustine contained “300 householders or

heads of families, while the convent of

St. Francis had 50 brothers in residence.”

About 1690 the present fort building was

begun. A famous French engineer, Mare-

chal de Vauban, furnished the plans. The

building dragged—although it was only

a few years before it was occupied, it

was not completed until 1756. It is said

that a king of Spain said, when recokn-

ing its cost, “The fort’s walls must be

of golt.”



Instead of gold the fort‘s rails are

built of coquina. This curious shell for-

mation is a mixture of sand and she ll

fragments of great variety. Ages ago

these were washed up on the shores of

Anastasia Island, just across the inlet

from the fort. By the action of the

waves and the dissolving of the lime

substance of the shells, this came to be

a cemented mass. It quarries easily and





hardens on being exposed to the sun and‘





air. Vast quarries of this substance line

much of the shore of the island, and it

was decided to uSe it for building the

fort. It was cut into blocks six feet long,

four to five feet wide, and two to five

feet thick. These were conveyed across

the inlet or harbor, now known as Ma—

tanzas River, to the spot where the fort

was to stand. Convicts were brought from

Spain and Mexico to work upon the walls.

Indian captives were also compelled to





By HOPE DARING.





 





 





 





 





Spacious Inner Court of the Old Fortress as it Appears Today.





toil at the heavy tasks. Coquina is a troops. 'l‘wenty-fivc years later Colonel

Spanish word signifying shellfish. Palmer. of South Carolina. "laid waste

\thn completed the fort was a. mas- the entire country,” but could not force

sive structure. “equipped with curtains, the fort to surrender. In 1740 Governor

bastions, moat, barb-(1cm, and glacis. ” It Oglethorp, of Georgia, in ested St. Au-

was named San Marco. \Vith its res‘er- gustine, and the inhabitants took refuge

vations it covered 22 acres. The inner behind the coquina walls of the fort.

court, from Vvhit-h the easemates opened, ()glethorp erected batteries on Anastasia

was a little more than 100 feet square. Island, but his cannon balls did little

and the wall was high enough so that harm to the fortification. In 1762 Spain

some of the casemates were divided into ceded Florida to Great Britain, in ex-

upper and lower apartments. The water change for Cuba which had fallen into

side of the fort ias protected by a water the hands of the latter country. .The

battery, and the other three sides English occupancy lasted for 20 years,

was a high hill of earth—the glaeis. and it was a time of great material pros—

This was in turn surrounded by the moat. liGl‘it)’ “if all the colony. Florida was

The barbacan, a small fortification, was ceded back to Spain soon after the close

directly in front of the fort‘s entrance, of the licvolutionnl‘y \\'ar and remained

and was connected with it by a draW- a Spanish colony until 1820, when it be-

bridge. The roof of the casemates was came a part Of the IYnited Status.

Ilat and formed the wide terrcplein or On the twelfth of July of that year the

rampart, and this was protected by a stars and stripes were raised over the

high parapet. At each of the four cor- St. Augustine fort. It was re-ehristencd.

ners of this immense wall was a bastion being called Fort Marion, in honor of

or lookout tower, the one on the north— the Revolutionary hero, General Francis

east corner being higher than the others. Marion. l<rom 181}.- to 1842 Fort Marion

These bastions were named by the Span— was a busy place, as it was the base of

iards, St. l’eter, St. John, St. James, and operations against the sawges in the

St. Paul. fearful Seminole Xi'ar which cost the

There were stormy days for San Mar- government $20,000.0th and the lives of

co. In 1702, when it was in an uncom- hundreds of brave men. The Seminole

pleted state, it was unsuccessfully be- chief, ()Sceola, was a prisoner there for

Sieged for three months, by English a time. In 1861 Fort Marion was seized





by the Confederates, but it was rte-taken

by the [Federal troops the next year and

remained in possession of the govern-

ment during the remainder of the war.

At different times it was used as a

prison for captive Indians brought there

from the West. At one time, 1886, 77

Apache Indians were confined there. Not

long after their removal, the troops were

withdrawn, but during the Spanish-Am-

erican \\'ar the fort was again used as

a prison, for deserters and unruly sol-

diers ot‘ the I’nited States army.



The quaint little city of St. Augustine is

yearly visited by thousands of tourists,

and no one. goes away without inspecting

the old fort. It well repays a careful

study. Some of my most pleasant recol-

lections are. of the VieWs from the bas-

tions and of the hours spent on the. ram-

part, pacing back and forth, gazing at

the gray-green line of the island that di-

vides the occan's deep blue from the pale

blue of the inlet, or reading and dream-

ing in a sunny niche of the walls. Let

me see if I can bring Fort Marion of

today before your eyes.



The walk up from the little town is

charming. One can walk upon the wide

cement coping of the sea wall or follow

the street that closely skirts the; l'mrbor’s

shore. It is an ascent to the fort~rcally

the slope of the old glacis. 0n the east
3045716





T H E MICH I-G A.N .Ea KM E .R





   





is a. group of low, scraggly cedars, wind; ed down‘to thegrude~Wharf to receive the “level-headed,” and matinee“ dreams





whipped and leaning inland as if shrink-

ing from the force of a gale. A seat

placed under the trees makes an ideal

resting place, or one can sit on the low

coquina wall. Passing over the moat on

a bridge, each side protected by a rail-

ing, one stands directly in front of the

low, wide doorway or sally-port. Above

this, a littlle defaced by time, is a shield

bearing the arms of Spain and a Spanish

inscription which, translated, reads, “Don





Ferdinand VI, being King of Spain,“ and,





the Field Marshall Don Alonzo Fernando

Hereda being Governor and Captain—Gen-

eral of this place, San Augustin of Flor-

ida, and its province, this fort was fin-

ished in the year 1756. The works were

directed by the Captain-Engineer Don

Pedro de Brozas of Garay.”



The. doorway leads to a long and wide

entrance hall where there is a registry

in which visitors are asked to write their

names. On the left is a big. dungeon-

like apartment, once the guards’ room.

but now used as the. office of the cus-

todian in charge. At the right is the old

cook room, the mammoth corner fire-

place at which meals were prepared still

Unchanged. This hall opens into the

large inner court, and, as before said,

about this court. are ranged the case-

mat-es which once Were used as barracks,

messroom, storerooms, and dungeons. Di—

rectly opposite the opening of the hall

into the court is the old chapel. The door—

way into this was once beautifully adorn—

ed, but time has wrought its insidious

work upon it; ”tile is left save the niches

fOl the holy-water fonts. The altar was

at the extreme end. One of the most

picturesque features of the court is the

massive staircase that leads V“ to the

rampart. However, this is modern, as





the ascent was originally an inclined





plane for artillery.



No modern visit to Fort Marion would

be complete without an inspection of the

“dungeons.” To them the old sergeant

who acts as the building‘s custodian

must lead the way, as the doors of the

various casematcs opening from the

court are kept locked. A request that

you may see the dungeons is invariably

met with the statement that the air

within is too bad for anyone to ent'cr

that day. There is just one way to pur-

ify that air, and that is one to which

the tourist has become accustomed—the

giving of a tip, Not a large one is re-

quired, but once given or, beUMr still,

promised, the air clears as by magic.

The old man lights a small lantern. un-

locks a door at the northeast corner of

the court and leads you through two

rooms and a passage to a low aperture

through which you paSs by stooping

nearly to the ground. This gives access

to a vault 20 feet by '12 and eight feet

high. The arched rOot‘ is of solid mason-

ry. The custodian places his back

against the wall. sets the lantern at his

feet, and repeats, apparently by rote, a

story to the effect that the Americans

had had possession of Fort Marion 18

years before they knew of the dungeons.

They were discovered by the masonry

above. the middle chamber caving in

when a heavy gun was being moved ovcr

the terreplcin above. Investigation

brought to :light the inner chamber, the

entrance to which was scaled up. \Viihin

that—and here the old man's voice grows

sepulchral—wcre two skeletons, one that

of a woman. They had been chained to

the wall. The dungeon also contained a

rack and other insirumcnts of torture

used at the time of the SpaniSh Inquisi-

tion. As you listen, in the dim, waver—

ing light, you feel—well oh the occasion

of my own visit a sweet-faced school-

girl, who was one: of the party, voiced

the sentiments of the rest of us when

she cried. grasping her father‘s arm,

“fl, papa! Do let us get out of here!”



\\'hen you emerge inlio the court, the

Sunshine and the salt—scented air are

doubly sweet. You give a sigh to the

memory of the unknown dead, and then

you may do as I did—go to your room

and read from a reliable guidebook of

the city that the “so—called dungeon was

designed forapowder magazine or bomb-

proof,” and that “it was in this room that

the instruments of torture and the hu-

man bones are said to have been found,

from which 'le-gends and tales of cruelty

have been- evolved, but which are un-

supported by any reliable data."



The-re is a charm about the place. It

is not of war and‘bloodshed that you

think as you stand in one of the watch-

towers and look alfar over the sea and

land. You dream of the day when the

quaint old Spanish vessels rounded the

north end of Anastasia Island and came

into the harbor. Officers, dark-robed

priests, soldiers, brave pioneers, afll rush-





'news from fariaway' Spain, the beloved





fatherland. You walk on the slanting

roof of the water battery, if you are





of the past, that far-oi! romantic day

when “the fort‘was St; Augustine, and

St. Augustine was Florida.” " '





 





 





 





BRAMBLE =HILL





By ROBERT CARLTON BROWN.





(Book Rights Reserved by the Author.)





As he allghted from the elevated at

Oak. Park Avenue and walked cross-town

to the big white corner house of the

Parkers he recalled the only other time

he had been there. Almost two years

before, that had been. He hadn’t pro-

gressed much in the meantime in'actual

deeds, but he felt light-hearted, confi-

dent and hopeful.



At the door of the Parkers" house he

was met by the same housekeeper, whose

face he remembred from the time before.



“Is Miss ‘Wattles in?" he asked.



“Miss Walters, you mean?” queried the

landlady. ' . ’



“No, Miss Wattles, Jerusha Wattles,"

repeated Sid.



"There's nobody of that name here.

There was» a Miss Walters, but she left!

for New York last night."



“With Mrs. Parker‘s mother?" hazard-

ed Sid.



“Yes."



”\Vell, that's she!" he cried. “It must

be she. Isn’t her first name Jerusha?”



“No. It’s Elizabeth. Elizabeth \Valt-

ers!" 4

“Doodles girl!" cried Sid. “You don’t.

mean to say Mrs. Parker’s mother’s name

is Mrs, Raimer?"



“She is, sir; that’s her name,” answer-

ed the housekeeper, ogling Sid curiously.



“\\’ell, what do you know about that!"

cried Sid, a wave of astonishment welling

through him. It was the first time he

had ever considered the remote possibil-

ity that JeruSha and Elizabeth were the

same. A second later he demanded ex-

citedly of the wary housekeeper, "Is Mrs.

I’urker in?”



“No, she won't be home till Thursday,

she’s out of town.” ,



Sid was afire with curiosity. He

hurled questions at the old housekeeper,

who seemed to grow more suspicious of

him and was very chary with her an-

swers. As he grew more excited and

asked more intimate questions about Je-

rushu, in an effort to identify her with

Elizabeth Walters, the old housekeeper

gradually closed the door. At length,

when it was open only a crack she cried

out, “Anybody’d think you were the cen-

sus taker.” \\'ith that she slammed the

door and Sid found himself, flushed with

possible discovery, tingling with curios-

ity, standing alone on the doorstep.



He was tempted to ring again. He

must be certain of one thing at once.

But he caught the housekeeper eying

him out of a side window and feared she.

would call the police. As he stopped to

reflect he realized that his questions must

have seemed impertinent and strange to

her.



So he dashed down the steps and rush-

ed tu the elevated staliion. His first im-

pulse was to follow Aunty Raimer and

Elizabeth Walters to New York and see

for himself. Then he realized the folly

of that and dashed int-o a telegraph sta-

tionlo send the following message to

Doodle:



Fitzdun Rainier,

Fifth Avenue.

New York City.



Have 'made a great discovery. Has

Aunty Raimcr’s companion, 14:. “K, a lit-

tie mole on her forehead, near her right

eyebrow? Vire answer immediately to





Auditorium Annex.

Sideral.





Chapter XVll.—Wires that Crossed.



Fitzdun Raimer in love! XVell, it look-

ed that way. He stayed home from New-

port that summer, chewing his mous-

tache and waiting for news from his

aunt about Jerusha, fearing that if he

left the Clendenning something would

happen to the weekly letter from Aunty

Raimer. Jerusha had forbidden him to

follow them to Chicago. She, had also

said he mtist write to her, that it was

best for him to forget this foolish infat-

uation of his, that she was sure he didn’t

really love her and that it was only his

desire to think he was doing something





in earnest that had suggested the ro-





mance..



But Doodle didn’t agree. He was sure

of his love for Elizabeth Walters, as he

knew Jerusha. Her breezy westernness

had attracted him. He wanted to go to





Chicago and look her up. But it wouldn’t

do any good. Both Aunty Raimer and

Jerusha were in league against him.

They told him.he ought to go to work.

He admitted it, but did not consider the

thing seriously. Then along in May came

the news from Aunty that Elizabeth “'al-

ters had gone to visit some of her rela-

tives and wouldn’t be back, possibly not

at all, at least not until winter.



Doodle wasin despair. He stayed in

towu and sat around waiting for letters

.from Aunty Raimer. If he could only

find where Elizabeth “’al'ters was visiting

he swore he’d 'leave town in a minute

and follow her. At least, he’d break. their

agreement and writte- her a letter. But,

no, she’d be disappointed in him, she

Wouldn't like it, so he changed his mind.



Sideral wrote him about the. railroad

business and Doodle was greatly surprised

to find him so absorbed in real work.



Part of Sid’s letter read:



“Yon know, my picking up spirits on

this railroad deal is all on account of

Jerusha \Vattles, the girl I told you

about. She’s a wonder. She thought up

the idea.and, with the help of Jimmie

and a disgruntled grade contractor, we

put the thing through. Doodle, don’t

stay at home and worry about that Eliza-

beth 'Walters of yours. come down and

meet a real girl. She’s a western ginl

and a peach. You WOuldn't know her

now if you’d ever seen her before she

went away, She’s been traveling, you

know, and you never say such a change

in a girl. '



Your questions about Susan Dunlap are

impertinent. How are we getting along?

llarn it, old man, can’t you have a little

pity? Here you are Whining about not

being able to see that protege of Aunty

Ilalmer’s and spending your worthless

existence in worry about whether she

likes you or not, while you never give a

thought to my case here. You ask me

coldly, calmly, casually, how Susan and

I are getting along; you say, ‘forget the

railroad and marry the girl.’ Confound

it, Doodle, don’t y'Ou see that‘ I’ln trying

to put this railroad business through SO

I can redeem my standing with Susan’s

father and get to see her once in a while.

Of course, it isn’t so hard now that Je-

rusha'is home. She’s a wonder. But‘ her

fathers broken his leg helping to build

the dam and she’s naturally worried to

pieces and hasn’t any time for me.



.Ilm seems yery much interested in her

and, I hope it comes to something, for

shes a fine girl and I’d like to sort of

keep her in the family, you know.



“till let you know how I come out in

holding off the railroad. It was a great

idea! YOu ought to see Jerusha once and

Just compare her economic ideas with

that Miss \Valters of yours and her cham—

pagne economy that so surprised Aunty

Ralmexr.



Jimmie’s going home- as soon as the

railroad thing is decided. You'll probably

see him after he gets home and he’ll tell

you all_the details. VVisnI could come

back wtth Jimmie. If things don’t pan

out as I want them to maybe I will.



The letter didn’t serve to cheer Doodle

much. He grew desperate in the course

of a few days and ran dOWn to Newport

for a fortnight. But he couldn’t find any

fun there. The girls were insipid and he

felt bored continually. Finally he waited

back to New York. There he met Jimmie

quite unexpectedly. Jim had been home

a week and told Doodle of the failure of

the dam, also of VVai‘ts’ death, (of which





'Sid had informed Jim by wire), and how





business had kept him from going back

to the funeral.



They had a great old talk. Jimmie was

full of his infatuation with Jerusha; he

bubbled over llike a boy in his enthusiasm.

In answer to Doodle’s drawled questions

Jim described Jerusha to him so minutely

that even Doodle’s dreamy, wool-gather-

ing wits began to quiver and palpitate

with the thought of the similarity be-

tween Jerusha W'attles and Elizabeth

Walters. _



But it hadn’t yet occurred to him that

they might be one and the same. He

could imagine Elizabeth Walters in the

same scenes which Jim described; he

could see her gypsying over a bof‘nfir,e and

rising to the emergency of a‘ broken

bone: she seemed strangely like Jerusha

Wattles. ' '



His conversation with Jimmie that af-

ternoon was mostly about Sid and the

railroad, but the parts Doodle remember-

ed best were the descriptions of Jerusha.

He lingered over them afterward and

compared them with pictures of his own

of Elizabeth VVal-ters, and the contempla-

tive mood induced by Jim’s. remarks





{MARCH "8, 1913..





caused Doodle to' startroutfby’ himself on" -*





what proved tube a very eventful walk:





that afternoon, after they had parted. _.





Jim repeated the situation in regard to





'the railroad so often that even Doodle





had a clear conception of it. He had so

much to say about‘ Watts that finally

Doodle came to know that Jerusha’s fath-

er had been an amiable old gentleman. a

perfectly fine old gentleman. But none

of that interested him in‘ the same way

that Jim’s eternal harking back to Je-

rusha did. Jim asSured Doodle that'he

thought the new railroad would get into

trouble with the old one and that Sid’s

chances were not all gone. In case any.

opportunity did come he was going back

to Turtle Creek and help. Doodle smiled

to himself at this and wondered if it were

entirely on account of Jim’s zeal in the

railroad struggle.



In summing up the situation Jim said.

“YOu see,~the railroad lost nearly a month

on account of that day. They’ll never

settle the impending scrap with the old

road and get through by October first.

They’ll come to Sid on their knees yet.





I’ll bet on that. That fight isn’t over by .





a good deal. I’m glad old Sid is staying

out there.”



“Say that again. “You’re glad Sid’s

staying out there?” smiled Doodle,



"Why, sure. I don’t want to see him

losefl’



“But what if he wins this Jerusha “Iat-

tles in the meantime? You say he's with

her all the time. That looks Suspicious.

Sid was never much of a hand with the

ladies. like Rollo here; but I wouldn't be

any too happy, if I were you. about leav-

ing Sid alone out there, the only real man

in a little town like Turtle Creek."



“Oh, ratS! Sideral and Jerusha! Why,

they’re like brother and sister.”



“\Vell, so were Adam and Eve before,

they got married, I presume,” replied.

Doodle. .



“You can set your‘mind at rest on that

score. Sld’s doing all this work on the

railroad just so he can get his stand-in

back with Susan Dunlap. He’s not fickle.

He wouldn’t switch."



"Maybe he thinks so. But you never

can tell. Being around with any girl ev-

ery day for a week or so kind of goes to

a man’s head if he‘likes her. You see,

Sid's been with this Jerusha Wattles right

alongand he hasn’t so much as said

‘Howdy’ to SuSan Dunlap in six months.

I think Sid’s just in love with the idea of

Susan, the only girl he ever allowed him-

self to think sentimentally about. Prob-

ably every timc he looks at any girl and

thinks how pretty she is he has a pang

in his heart as he catches some note of

similarity to Susan. I tell you if I were

interested one way or another in this

Jcrusha \Yattles I’d be pretty scared at

this minute. and I‘d be right in Turtle

Creek myself, defending my own against

Sid.”



“You wouldn’t have said that if you’d

seen him building the dam,” answered

Jim. He paused and continued. “By the

way. how’s that girl who travels with

your aunt? The one you raved about

for 'a year.” .



“Nolhing doing.” replied Doodle, seri-

ous in a moment. “My inherent idiocy

seems to have. the opposite effect to Sid’s,

at least on one lady I know of. She re-

sembles your Jerusha VYattles very close-

ly, too.” ‘



“‘Vell, if she’s like Jevrusha you

wouldn’t have the fat chance of a mouse

in a rat trap. She's not looking for a

little boy to lead by the hand. She wants

a man, a Hercules, one of these fellows

that look as though they could pay the

rent.” Jimmie drew himself up to his

full height, swelled out his chest like an

acrobat and bragged unblushingly. “ulle

wants a perfect man, a man who can

work and sweat. a man of spirit, of fire!

In a word—my humble self.” g



“Gee, but you hate yourself, don’t

you?” smiled Doodle. “\Vell, I’m glad

we're not both in love with the same girl.

I never wanted to cOmDete with Paris,

still, if I did, I can easily imagine Paris

green with jealousy.”



“Help,” groaned Jim. He paused a mo-

ment in acknowledgement of the pun and

then finished abruptly. “But don’t let

Sid and his stand-in with Jerusha worry

you.”



“Oh, suit yourself,” Doodle shrugged

his shoulders, “but I’m glad neither you

nor Sid ever- saw Elizabeth Walters. Not

that I’m exactly afraid, but accidents

have happened, you know. She might

marry one of you on an election bet.”





They had sauntered down Fifth Avenue

as far as the delta formed by Broadway

and Fifth Avenue, where the Flatiron

building stands. , There Jim shook hands "



(Continued on page 308).





’ i
MARCH 8, 1913.





THE'MICHIG'A-N FARMER





_Walking 4,000 Miles a Year.





By Edgar White.





OIV many men are there in these

H United States who can tell the



exact distance they have walked

since January 1, 1912? \Vhat clasg of

men use their legs most?



Sam Griflith, a farmer and saw-mill

man of Mac0n county, Missouri, became

curious about such matters last year.

January 1, 1912, be connected a pedom-

eter with his right leg and it has been





 





 





 





would





Griffith, who, seemingly,

rather Walk than Ride.





Sam





on active duty ever since. From the

date given, up to the hour of'ret‘iring the

night of December 31, 1012, his recorder—

which looks like a \Vaterbury

registered 4,103.6 miles. In other words,

that is the distance be walked in the

year 1912. He had an invitation to

Christmas dinner from a farmer friend,

which added 141/; miles for that day.

Sam sent his wife and children over in

the carriage, but walked so as to exer-

cise the pedometer.



Mr. Griffith carefully tested the length

of his steps and found them to be 27

inches. Then he set his walking indi-

cator so as to register 27 inches every

time he stepped, so his record is accurate

enough for all scientific purposes.



As a baby Mr. Griffith was quite a

toddler. Sometimes the whole family

would have to turn out and hunt him up

when he'had wandered from home. Then

he went five miles to school on foot, and

often as far to meeting. It got to be a

sort of mania with him. No railroad

company could live on his business.

\Vhen he wanted-to come down from Elu

mer to attend court at Macon he‘would

cut across fields some 25 miles and save

six bits in railroad fare. The people of

Elmer would meet at the village store of

a night and guess how many miles Sam

would walk in a mouth. Of course, no-

body would ~hit the bulls-eye for sure,

and so they clubbed together in De-

cember of 1911 and bought him a silver-

platcd, ball—hearing, double—action pedom-

eter and hung it on the town Christmas

tree. Sam was as tickled as if the stork

had fetched him a new baby. He got

himself measured for a new set of trous-

ers to hang the thing on, and put it in

commission at daybreak of the glad New

Year.



“It «doesn’t matter which way you

travel, up or down or sideways, it keeps

count,” said Mr. Griffith while in town

some time ago. “Once last summer I

fell off a hay barn, and it ticked along

just the same, registering some 20 steps

on the way down. Fortunately I lit on

a hay pile, and there it rung off.



“Recently I was down at Popular Bluffs

for a couple of weeks, and wore out a.

brand-new pair of shoes climbing over

scenery. Every day I covered from 15

to 20 miles on foot. because since I’ve

had this thing keeping tab on me I

wanted to see what I could do. Seems

like its always whispering. soon as day-

light breaks: ‘Come, Sam, get busy;

time’s running.’ Funny how it grows on

one. When you’re wearing a pedometer

you don’t stop a wagon‘ and ask for a





"\thn I





watch—V





lift along the road, but foot it. Suppose

the children of Israel had been supplied

with these things? \Vouldn’t their rec-

ords have made people stare?



“Ever since I was a wee bit of a chap

I liked to walk. Used to sprint to the

village with my big brothers before I

was seven—that was six miles and back.

Never thought of getting tired. “’hen

I grew up it was just the same. If I

wanted to go anywhere my two legs was

all the horse I wanted.



“My longest day's walk? It was 411/2

miles from daybreak until dark, in July.

I wanted to see some parties about lum-

ber. First I went west of Elmer and





down through the Ethel neighborhood. I





hadn’t started to make a record, but ev—

ery place I went to find my men they

were just a little farther on, I was told.

So I crossed the Chariton river and walk-

ed over to Callao, over on the Burlington,

and back up by Dodd and then home.

looked at my little round-faced

partner that night he seemed to say:

‘You’re taking a mean advantage of me,

Sam, just because I'm little and can’t

help myself.’



“Soon after that, lit’uwcvcr, it took a

good day‘s rcst. It rained pitcht'orks and

blowcd like a typhoon all day, so that I





only walkcd two miles. That was the

lowest record for any one day in the

year.





“\\'lien we’re busy at the saw-mill the

record runs highest. 'l‘hc biggest month

was October, when the pedometer regis-

tered 5411,13 miles. The saw—mill is a

mile and a half from the house and I’d

go back and forth pretty oftcn. The first

month I only covered 200 miles. You

understand, I‘m not walang merely to

string out the pedometcr’s l't'col‘d; it’s

just keeping track of what I do as I go

about my business in the normal way.

My habit is, and always has been, to

walk where most men would ride. In-

stead of taking the train at Elmer to

come to Macon by way of llucklin or La

Plata, where you have to change cars,

I cut across and walk the 12 miles

through to Atlanta and take the train

direct into town. -\s far as time goes I

beat those fellows who ride all the way,

because I don’t have to wait at the

junction. I'd rather walk than ride un-

der those circumstances.”



Since he's attached a pcdometer to him

Mr. Grifiith has been keeping a daily log.

showing not only how far he has walk-

cd, but a description of the roads and

weather, and the condition of crops. He

believes he could soon get in condition

toumtke a very satisfactory “hike” across

the country.





“I’ve studied Weston’s methods pretty





closely." said Mr. Griffith, “and I have

noticed that he is a successful walker

because he carries out two or three sim—

ple rules. He is a temperate man, nev-

er eats or drinks too much, and has reg—

ular hours for walking and for sleeping.

Then he places one foot after the other

naturally, not turning his toes out, and

doesn’t swing his arms. A good walker

must concentrate all his power on what

he is doing, and if he indulges in any

false or uSeless motions he will not get

very far.”



The pedometer man started out to

cover 4,000 miles during the year. He

exceeded that by over 100 miles.



\Yaynesville, Pennsylvania, was Mr.

Griffith's birthplace, and 1874 the year he

happened in. He has lived in Missouri

33 years.





HOW ELECTROPLATING IS DONE.





BY I. H. WALBRIDGE.



.La'st " 'ntcr someone told the boys and

girls of The Farmer how to make an

electric alarm bell. That article, and

others that have appeared, have no doubt

aroused the young folks’ interest in elec-

tricity and» it has occurred to me that a

description of the process of electroplat-

ing would be received with pleasure,





17—305





some remain undis-

solved at the bottom, then add four or

five drops of the hydrochloric, acid. Care

should be used in handling the acid.

Connect the apparatus as shown in the

accompanying illustration, the copper

strip being placed in the solution. Any

metal trinket (represented by A in the

cut) which has been cleaned can be

coated with copper by hanging it in the





ding crystals until





 





 





 

 





llll "Mb

m... mum





llll|l‘||||I||l”





William.“





 

 





 





 





turned fre-

even plat-

ing on, all sides. \thn tlze article is

completely covered it should be removed,

rinsed and polished.



(In this experiment an ordinary coin

of any denomination is frequently used.

After the coin has been well coated and

its value as money apparently destroyed,

a reversal of the current. performed by





it should be

qucntly in order to secure an





solution, but





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





a” 21‘“? .3‘ i





 





Doorway or Sally-port. (See “Staunch Old Fort Mariam”)





 





since the experiment necessary to a.

thorough understanding of the process

is very simple.





You will need a dry battery to furnish

current for the work. Also procure ten

cents’ worth of copper sulphate, five cents’

worth of hydrochloric acid and a piece

of copper, about two inches wide and six

inches long, which can be bought for

about five cents.



Fill a glass jar, about four inches high

and two or three inches in diameter,

about half full of water. To this add

some of the copper sulphate crystals;

stir the mixture- for several minutes, ad-





 





 





 





MarkCt Day—By Alice Annette Larkin.





 





» is





 





“’ben father goes to town,

\Vith loads of things to sell,



And says he’ll leave one horse at home—

VVhich one he doesn’t tell——



We always hurry with our work,

For then we like- to play



That We are farmers. too, ourselves,

And this is market day.





sometimes,





We know it’s Jim he’ll leave at home,

And he’s our favorite horse;



For when we’re ready for our fun,

He’s ready, too, of course.



It makes no difference where he is,

Near by, or far away,



He’s just as glad as we ourselves

“'hen we have market day. .





 





 





So out we hurry to the barn;

There’s Mae and Dick and Ted.



And Katherine and Ruth and Anne,

And even Baby Ned. ,



Ted wears his grandpa’s stovepipe hat;

He alwayslikes to play



That he’s the biggest man of all,

\Vhen we have market day.





There’s room enough for all to ride,

But someone holds the horse



And tells him where we want to go

To sell our goods. of course.



Sometimes we carry corn or beans,

Or pumpkins all the way;



There’s fun for every one of us

When we have market day.





transposing the wires at Z and C, will

remove the copper from the coin and re-

turn it to the copper strip—Eds.)





LITTLE FARM FABLES.





 





 





BY AUNT QUILLIA.

Orpie and Mac.



“'hite Orpington was the- joy of her

keeper and the pride of the pens. Mac-

Gregor—or Mac as he was. usually call-

cd~was a Scotch collie who lived at the

same farmstead.



Although a pure—bred shepherd, he,

like some other dogs of his race, mani-

fested an unaccountable interest in all

young and tender things. And so when

Orpie was put into a “oration cage and

bundled off to the fair, Mm: :felt that he,

too, must go.



()rpie, with her white feathei‘sand the

little red comb that was just beginning

to appear, was fair to look upon. Nev—

ertheless she was a most disagreeable

chick. Séarcely had she left the shell

before she began her complaints and

telling what she would prefer. “Mother

is always giving me angle worms,” she

would say, “but there are others that I

like much better; I wish she would take ‘





me to the corn field oftener.” Or, “Our

pens and poultry houses are all very

well, but I would like more up-to-date

ones better.” Indeed, no hour 0f the





day passed but that Orpie had some un-

favorable comparison to make, invaria-

bly closing her comments with some per-

sonal preference.



On her return from the fair she was .

even more critical and dissatisfied than

ever. Mac’s spirit'was tried within him,

yet he manifested no displeasure until,

at last, he said one day, "Orpie, I'have

something to tell you. At the fair, you

know, I was not confined to one spot like

yourself. As I trotted about the grounds

I fell in with a family group who inter-

ested me much. It consisted of father,

mother and two children. Seemingly they

were in good circumstances, all well

groomed and well fed. Most of all, the

little girl interested me, reminding me so

much of you. Her gown was soft and

white. her shoes fine and-pretty and her

ribbons immaculate. Best of all, as I

trotted by her side, I noted, as dogs will,

that she had a, clean, wholesome smell,

showing that her body, as well as her
In». ‘eynmmuw: a”: 1* 13“. U. :





 





g," aside“ 'v t V.‘.."





 





 





mm:Imui‘mimnnmnnli:Iinu'iTni}in]dill—nnuiii-.mlmi.fuiITil.mimfiiufuifilin'





 





\l .—





\-» .





“Olympic" ( illustrated) —$1 500





35 H. P. four-cylinder touring car, completely equipped. Elec-

tric starter and lights are optional, atan extra cost of $225.





 

 

 





 





“Sultnnic” —$2650





55 H.P. six-c linder touring car, seven-passer).

ger, complete equipped and fitted With ebctrle

' ive-passenger. ”500-.





First Among Comfortable

Cars— And Why





tilt them a trifle toward the rear.



Long wheelbase. and large wheels

and tires help make the car ride

easier. All J acksons have long

wheelbases and large wheels and

tires.



Our engineers do their share toward

comfort by determining the right

weight and balancing it correctly;

by providing enough power, and a

reserve; by designing a mechan-

ism that is silent, faithful and

durable.



Comfort has been a hobby with us

for years; and we give you the

maximum result of our experience

and study and experiments in

these Jacksons.



Write today for hisname and the

handsome new catalog.



Have the Jackson dealer give you

a ride over your own roads.





1460 E. Main St., JACKSON, MICH.





“Majeetic”— $1975

45 H. P. four-cylinder touring car, completely

equipped and fitted with electric starter and

lights. starter and in: ts.





Illlllllllllllllllllillll“IIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllll





You’ve made up your mind that you

want comfort in your car this year.



And you know the Jackson has

always been a comfortable car.





In view of this reputation, and the

experience back of it, we believe

we are justified in saying that this

year—more than ever'before—the

Jackson stands first among easy

riding cars.



This experience goes back eleven

years in the automobile industry;

and twenty years farther in the

carriage building business. .



There we learned the value of full

elliptic springs; so we use four on

every Jackson model.



There we learned that high seat

backs and soft thick cushions are

easiest riding; so we build Jackson

seatbackstoshoulderheight,make

the cushions 10 inches thick and





JACKSON AUTOMOBILE COMPANY,





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 

 

 

 





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_ ._ . __._____

.llll IllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllll





‘HllllllllIllllI'IlllllllllllllllllHillllllllllllllllllll“"I"!"llllllllllllllllllIlllllllfllll!llllllllllllllllllllllllllullllllHUI"Illlllllllllllllllllllullllllllllnllllllllll‘lllllllllllllllli‘

WW\“\





 

 





llllllllllllllllllll





llllllllllllllllllllll





_.- _.____—.—____ _..._..





 





 

   

 





lllllIIIllllllhlIllllllllllllll





 

 

 

 





 

 





 

 





lIIlllllllllllllllllllllhl"lllllllllllll





   

 





 

 

 

   

   

 

 

   





‘lllhl 'lflllllllllllllllIllllJllllllllllllllll|IllllllllllllIIlllIlllllll"llllIllllllllllllllllIIIllllllllllllIIlIlllllllllllllll'll‘llllll





   





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





$10,000 Backs





this portable wood saw. Guaranteed iycar-money

refunded and ficzght paid both ways if unsatisfac-

tory. You can easily earn $10 a day with a.





HERTZLER & 200K

Wood Saw





sawing all kinds of neighbors' lum-

bcr. Strictly factory prices—save

. johber‘s profits. Operates easily.



Slick sits low—saw d rows it on im-

mediutcly nmchlne starts. Only $10

saw to which ripping table cuu be

added. Write for catalogue.





IER'IZLEI l 200! (10..

Box 23. Bellevllle. Pa.





90 PER FOOT





v , lost Quality Copper—Extra Heavy Cubic

A better conductor than required by In-

‘ suranceCompames. System complete with

, full directions for installing. No agents.

. ‘ 1 You get wholesale price.



Buy Direct—On Trial—Freight Prop-Id

Pay after you are satisfied. Our-Rods are

1‘ secure! protecting thousands of farm homes

. and w: 1 protect yours. Write postal {or

' . FREE book on lightning protection._ Tells

plainly just the facts you W1" be Inter-





- ested in. Ask for it today.

911-- “5.3:, magnum.





‘ \





 





 

 

   

 





 





'J’Afi'fifi'dfi'ifl'lQ’J'J’Q'Jfifi'l'l'lfi'lfi'fi





 





The Clothcraft Guarantee is as

Good as Money





HEN you buy a Clothcraft suit you know you

are getting all-wool cloth that is properly

shrunk and fast in colors—that the trim- 1

mings and workmanship are first-class and ’

that the suit will give satisfactory wear.

Clothcraft goes further than fit, and

gives you the qualities on which fit

largely depends. These qual—

ities are guaranteed by both

maker and dealer and j’ .

this is the guaran- '

tee you will find

in the coat

pocket:





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





   





 

 

 





 

   





.,( a" A ,,i

flir'fw‘m I":





, -.ll 9 4'

11’“! in”): 7‘





 





Clothcraft

clothes in many

fabrics and styles at

810 to 825 are made for

men of taste and judgment.





Clothcraft Blue Serge Special No. 5130 at

815.“) is a suit you should have for spring.

You can find it at the Clothcraft store.

Look for the Clothcraft label on the coat and

the guarantee in the pocket.





 

 





   





 

 





If you cannot locate a dealer. write us and

we will send you a card of introduction to the

nearest Clothcraft store. a style book for





dozen pairs.





ing judgment in placing the net and cau-





”THE- MlICHIG’AN'gFALRMER





clothing, wasgwetll bared for. ,And yet,

though fair of face. she had a most uu-

happy countenance as though little foot-

steps of discontent had left thereon their

tell-tale traces. .



“In this horticultural department it

was, ‘Oh, papa, what lovely grapes! I

am sure I. would like them better than

ours’; or, ‘Just look at those apples,

papa! Why can’t we have that kind?’

In the Art Hall it was, '0, mama! I am

so tired of our pictures. I would like

these so much better.’ 011 passing the





merchants’ samples it was, ‘Oh, oh!

“'hat lovely ribbons! I never have liked

these. Do, mama, get me a box.’





“At last her father, who had been si-

lcnt for a. long time, said: ‘Annnbel, I

know how you can have just all that

you like.’

, “Delighted at the prospect she sprang

to her father's side. Taking his hand

she exclaimed, ‘Dear, good old daddy.

tell me, tell me at once!’ Looking down

into the eager face her father dryly said:

‘Like what you have and you can have

what you like.’ ”





 





 





SMILE PROVOKERS.

“Pa, what is a bigot?”

“A. bigot, my son. is a person who

doesn’t think as I do, and sticks to it."

/

“He always says the right thing at

the right time. doesn't he?"

“More than that, he always keeps still

at the right time.”





Police Commissioner—If you were 01‘-

dered to disperse a. mob, what would

you do?



Applicant—Pass around the hat. sir.



Police Commissioner—That’ll do. You're

engaged.





 





Lawycr——Y0u don’t like the jury?

Defendanth do not. No. 1 is my





 





     

 





A

[cook’s

PLASTE RS





Rheumatism in Shaulder

can be relieved and cured by

them. Also invaluable for

Pains, Stiffness or Soreness

of j oints or muscles-



Apply Wherever There 13 Pain.





Allcockls Lotion

--Rubs right in. _

Something new and good. For

rubbing where it is inconvenient to

put a plaster. Wonderful in cases

of croup, whooping cough and all

local pains. Guaranteed to be an

Ad Liniment. Price 50¢. a bottle.

Send 5 two can! stamps for sample bottle.

ALLCOCK "7'0 00., 274 Canal St, N. Y,





 

   

 

 





 





 

   

   

   

 





Constipation, Biliaumss, Indigertion, etc.





Brandrctlis Pills





Entirely Vegetable.





   





 





 





tailor, No. 3 is my grocer, N0. 5 is my



milk and egg dealer and No. 7 is my



wife‘s first hquand! What chance have



1 got?



STOCKING THE FIELDS WITH GAME

— BIRDS.





BY ISAAC MOTES.





 





In thickly settled sections of the coun-

try the re-stocking of farms .with part-

ridgcs, or bobwhitcs, late in the winter

is a wise move, and it is often a real

necessity in states where the open set-

son for quail is long, or where much

hunting is done on a form by friends of

the farmer or by his SOUS. The more

quail on a farm the better crops will a

farmer raise, as a rule, for there is

hardly'a green thing grown in field or

garden that is molested by them, while

they eat millions of grass seeclS, potato

bugs and olhor small insects and worms

And, as farming becomes more scientific

and intensive, as the proportion of for-

est land grows less, and as the cultiva-

tion of crops becomes cleaner, allowing

no weeds and grass to go to seed, the

birds find greater difficulty in getting

cnnugh to eat in Winter in northern sec-

tions where snow remains on the ground

for months at a time. As there is often

no protected places on these small, we'll-





 





You'll be glad you own a





FISH BRAND REFLEX

SLICKER





to keep you

diy.

Roomy

' Durable

Comfortable

Reflex Edges makes it

impossible for water

to get in at the front.

and our “Staydfut”

Pockets will not rip.





$3.00 Everywhere ,5





Satisfaction Guaranteed





 

 





If not at your dealer's

sent prepaid on receipt

of price. Send for illus-

trated folder describing

this and other H

B R A N D garments.





«OWER’S A. J. rowan co.





BOSTON





WAD:

)IWW





Tower Canadian Limited





 





kept farms where the birds can roost at





Toronto I I 3





ill?! no“)





 





 





 





 





night during the cold, snowy weather

they sometimes freeze to- death. They

are, in some respects, almost as domes-

tic as chickens and do not change feed—

ing grounds to hunt better ones, but

spend their lives within a few hundred

yards of the places Where they were

hatched.



The best time to do this re-stocking

is in late winter or very early spring.

say during the first part of March. The

birds can be secured from commission

firms in cities and towns who handle

game, chickens, etc, or from retail mar-

kets, or they may be secured from farm—

ers, or from friends and acquaintances

living in the same county, where the

birds are plentiful enough to spare a few





It is comparatively easy to catch par-

tridges alive in traps, pens or nets.

Hunters who understand the nature and

habits of the birds can take a common

barrel net with wide wings, and by us-





tion in driving the birds into it, whole





 





 





spring and a sample of 5130 serge.





CLOTHCDAFT Tennessean?”





CLOTHES





Guaranteed All wool At no to ’25 "





ecunuuauouuauuauuaccncua





droves may be secured. This driving can





‘1

President

Suspenders





give longest and most

comfortable servxce for

dress or work.

The back slides and pro-

vento binding on the

shoulders.

Light. Mediumlxtra Heavy

Extra lengths for tall man.

Signed guarantee on each pair.

PRICE 50 CENTS

Any dealer or from the factory.

THE C. A. EDGARTON MFG. CO.

_...,.. 501 Main St... Shirley. Mass.





ELEcicm





els

Steel Whe

Save YOUR Back





Save draft—ave repairs.

Don’t rut roads or fields. Send may for free

illustrated catalog of wheels and wagons.





W e... 88 Ila 8L. Gill-Icy. Ill.





 





 

 





   

 





 

   





   

 





   





 





 





best be done by men on horseback. it

may be possible to, secure the birds from

someone withina few miles of your farm





Manufacturer: ofiuea’: Clothes whose place is well stock-ed with them.





 

 





'N’ow Ufltorul... 41.30.

Army llamlvou.. . 1.65 ‘-

“ Rptg. Rhos. 1J3“.





 

 

 





 





 





. . .15“ u Sonia..." .83“



623 Stash-Avenue. Now. Being domestic birds with .restricted ‘ an.-.” .20“ -‘_ 'IsimC-rmputosfi

. W haunts, one farm may have none. while ., .-1; ._ WWW" “flab'fl'fifflf'fizfl'Vfinfi.3::

another a mile away may be swarming dill/5 Amy Iii-acumen. km. .osc. CmfidgnQIMch





 





with themn A. dozen pairs, or even a.





 





 





‘l‘





in

less number, secured from some neighbor nemtl'ismnm, so: muwezmozrmfl:





 





NAMILIISOA'M'. M In. m m‘ 600 II-

‘ mum. usury-M Anodnumdudbsdhanlo-

est-Iona. mulled 950 ohm





 





 





 





l

i

l

l

l

l

l

l

l
l

l

‘l





MARCH 8, 1913.





wllI re-stock a place in one season, and

they will spend their lives within five

or six hundred yards of your house and

seldom leaVe your fields, even though

they are shot at every winter and many

of the flocks considerably reducedin

numbers.



I In liberating the birds they should be

taken into a body of timber if there is

one on the place, or into the orchard, or

a field or pasture containing some cover

where they,can alight and hide before

flying too far—some meadow or large

woodlot containing tall grass or broom

sedge, They should be liberated a pair

at a time, the male first and the female

a few seconds after. Toss them into the

air several yards in the direction in which

you want them to fly. The female will

be'almost sure to fly in the direction tak-

en by the male, twenty-five or thirty

feet behind it, and they will be pretty

sure to alight close together. In five or

ten minutes they will whistle themselves

together, and stay together all spring

and summer. After liberating a pair

you should wait twenty-five or ‘thirty

minutes, or longer, before releasing an—

other, and each succeeding pair should

be tossed in a different direction, or from

different places on the farm, but conven-

ient to hiding places.



It is an easy matter to tell the male

and female apart, for although about the

same size, and the same color on back

and wings, the male has an almost white

spot on it‘s throat. immediately under its

head, about the size of a man's thumb

nail, while in the female this spot is a

very pale yellow. Quail differ SOmewhat

in color according to the character of the

country in which they live. In country

containing a good deal of prairie, or cul-

tivated fields, they are a straw color and

do not show so plainly the small white

specks upon back and wings, while in

deep brown woods both male and female

are a deeper brown, and the white specks

are. more noticeable. but this small spot

on the throat always distinguishes the

male from the female.



“’here farms are small it will be. best

for several farmers living harmoniously

near each other to join in such an enter-

prise, buying two or three dozen pairs of

birds to liberate in their neighborhood.



In order to keep a farm stocked With

quail in cold climates it is necessary that

they have a protected place to roost,

and that a little grain be scattered in

the fields during protracted snows, es-

pecially if the fields have. had a. clean

cultivation and no grass and weeds were

allowed to go to seed. .\ gallon or two

of wheat, scattered in the fields upon the

snow, or under the broom sedge where

the birds roost, might save a hundred

quail on a large farm, and this number

would mean a. thousand young ones the

following spring.



The best roosting place for quail is

among high grass or broom straw. A

small corner of a pasture, or meadow, or

orchard, grown up in this broom sedge

will afford a snug roosting place for doz-

ens of droves, and if the straw is thick

and tall. and the birds get plenty of

heating food, there is no danger of their

freezing in the coldest climate, for they

roost very close together, squatted on

the ground in. little circles under the

straw, where the heat from their bodies

soon melts the snow under them and the

ground becomes dry. A drove of twcn-

ty-five or thirty will snuggle down in a

little circle not more than fourteen or

fifteen inches across. These roosting

places are good places in which to scat-

ter the wheat, for the birds begin feed-

ing early in the morning.



A good deal of attention is being

given in some states and sections, and

by people owning fine estates and large

farms, to stOcking their communities with

Chinese or Mongolian pheasants, differ—

ent kinds of grouse and other large game

birds, often at quite an expense, but if

your farm is well stocked with quail you

can very well do without these larger,

more expensive birds, many of which

may die before becoming acclimated. The

(luail will do better and multiply faster

without these larger game birds, for it

is believed that the Mongolian pheasant

fights the quail. driving the hens off

their nests and perhaps eating the eggs,

or at least preventing their being hatched.





 





A GRAIN OF WISDOM.





, BY ALONZO RICE.

The bread of repentance we oftentimes

eat. I

Is made (if we only would own to the





. tru. ,

Although it may sound like '

F conceit) a foolish

rom the wild oats we sow '

youth! » ed in our





 





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMEIR 19—307





 





 





 





l:- 4*





 





What all ngine Did

0 By R. E. Olds, Designer





Mwaame as a car Radical TCStS 75,000 pounds per tooth. The

. . springs for 100,000 vibrations.

builder, after 26 years, 15 We avoid trouble for you by





based in large part on my putting each engine to five rad- We use 190 drop forgings.





engine. ical tests in our factory. We use 15 roller bearings.

To me it’s an Old, Old Each is run for 10 hours with The tires are 34X4-

. . outside power, then another 10 Each body gets 17 coats.

StOTY- Perhaps It 13 new hours with its own power. Then





When you get a car built like

Reo the Fifth there is very

small cost of upkeep.





to you. we take it apart and inspect it.





Then it is made to run a blower,





 





 





 





O

A Llfetime and tested at various speeds. Then

/ f , it runs an absorption dynamome- .



I_ was one 0 the world 5 first tar, as a measure of its power. Unique CODtl’Ol

buélders 0f gas engines. 14.0113 Then, in the finished car, we give We use in this car the onl

be ore the days Of automobiles, it the hardest sort of road test. ' . _ _ y

the Olds Gas Engines were center control which 15 Simple

known half the world over. And These tests require 48 hours. and out of the way.

they are today. But thousands of these engines, Al 1 . . .



It has taken a lifetime to de- run for years and years, are Still 1 “.6 gear Shlftmg is done

velop an engine like the one in in prime condition. by movmg a small rod only

Reo the Fifth. And even my . three inches in each of four direc.

ravals. concede ‘t to be one Of We use on this engine, to save tions.



t e gleat engines 0f the world. ignition troubles, a $75 mag- There are no levers, side or



M neto. And we dEUblly hf? our center, so the front is clear.



y catalog states all the de- carburetor, to ea w1t any B ,



. . ’ . Otl l k

tails about it. I won’t bother gasoline. f 1 no es are operated by

with them here. But the fame OOt pedals.



ELSE: engine 15 based on £01117 SO Everywhere And in this car you find the

- . left side drive, as in the finest



Its unusual power— In every part of this car we cars this year



Its enduring silence— use the same precautions. I



Its remarkable endurance— The steel iS twice analyzed. Write for our catalog and we’ll



Its case Of adjustment. The gears are tested to stand direct you tothenearestshowroom.





R. M. Owen & C0., General Sales Agents for R\eo Motor Car C0,, Lansing, Mich.

Canadian F actory, St. Catharines, Ont.





Rea the Fifth





The 1913 Series





 

 





30-35

Horsepower

Wheel Base-



1 l 2 Inches

Tires—



34 x 4 Inche-

Center Control

15 Roller



Bearing:

Demountoblo



Rims

Three electric



lie to

I90 Drop



Forgings

Made with



5 and 2



Passenger 1' , . _ . .



Bod,” _ op and Windshield not Included In price. We equip this car with mohair top. side curtains and slip cover. windshield.



an tank for headlights, speedometer. self-starter. extra rim and brackets—all for $100 extra (list price $1 70).





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





"I” all small seeds accurately. WRITE TODAY.





UNTIL YOU HAVE READ OUR SPECIAL BOOKLET M-96

INVALUABLE TO YOU. IT’S FREE.





THE EXCELSIOR ALFALFA AND CLOVER DRILL





Makes every seed count. DRILLS EVERY SEED INTO THE GROUND 1A to $4. of an inch, and covers it; evenly and ac-

curately. Furrows are 4 inches apart. Saving of costly seed otherwise wasted pays for the drill.

AN EXCELLENT MACHINE FOR DRILLING CLOVER IN WHEAT. Will ‘

save half the seed, and increase yield of wheat through proper cultivation. Rec- — .................

ommended by Gov't Exp. Stations and prominent grass and alfalfa groWers. Sows : " ' '. ' '





 





 





 





 





 





 





VIZ lf/ZAWA’ fffpffixta.(SPRINGHEKHOII/a £54 .





   





. ' 'RES-MUEL R 0’





.

Wit ‘





Farmer or Farmer’s





‘th ' ' Con : ' u S

:l’iice a: mjverémfly gates/gent}: r 011

- inedi en. me .

Chou“y m:- mod’c' $9:(lr::: wcehpchc neon bin-m!

ac- and won! n ma in your County. Write u.





Shun-Indium 83. Color Wm





   

 

 





 





 





 

 





 





 





 





AVAIL: YOURSELF OFQTHIS; PROTECTION “



- FOR zoun -:.r BOOKLET fBONDS‘i-OF"10U‘R-1‘COUNTRY

'1:-;.-'BOND$2 SENT {To ANY BANK OR EXPRESS .



COMPANY, SUBJECT TO EXAMINATION . 125





Tm: NEW FIRST NATIONAL BANK coma-sumac.
, Wes-.“r-ri-vx-mvm red" =:-‘- H,





 





 





308—20





A Wonderful

Plow





"A really UNIVERSAL Plow at last! It



walks" right through tame sod. old corn-

fielda. stubble, meadow. sandy loam. mixed coil.

heavy clay. gumbo. eto. Turns the slice clear

over. flat and smooth. All trnsh buried. Dirt

thorough] pulverized. Leaves top flat against

subsoil. 0 air spaces to cut off moisture from



low. In dry weather. moisture comes up to



the plant roots—Just like kerosene comes up

your lump wick. No other glow foes you. this

drought protection. No ot or p ow ever pro-

duced such perfect plowing.



Its perfect work and absolute satisfaction has

made the “0.'I‘.X." the greatest selling and

most popular plow ever produced.



You can't afford to buy or use just ”any old"





   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   





THE MICHIGAN FALRMrEsR





Choosing the Right

Paint





How to have the beat-looking buildings

in your township at moderate coat





Has it occurred to you that great progress

has been made in recent years in other things

than automobiles and telephones?





By scientific analysis of paint materials, by

clear understanding of methods of manufac-

ture and truer ideas of blending materials in

the proportions that years of careful outdoor

exposure tests have proved to be best—a prop-

erly equipped factory has come to know how

to make a strictly high grade paint which

will be approved by any painter or farmer.





 





Elow. nvestigute this sensational plow first.





 

 





 





 

 





ridge for yourself. You will like

till you need a plow. Investigate new. Address





ROCK ISLAND PLOW CO.

242 Second Av... Rock Island. Ill.





 

     

 

 





 





(109)





 

 





 





 





Install a Lighting Plant





Enjoy the comfort: that electricity brings to your



om e convenience of electric light: and the



many uses to which electricity can be put. Install

a power plant of your own.





8 li.p. Rumely-Olds Engine





will furnish electricity cheaper than the metered

nd. Ma a electric ' his ible an ere.

The Rumcly-Qlds aso in_e Engine comes in

convenient sizes — a ermine.

economical in operation. furnishes power for

every sort of a job w ere power is required.



Use this engine in connection with a



Runer Automatic Electric Light Plant



This outfit works automatically with no



‘ trouble to you. it will light your house and



buddings. Rumely Automatic Electric Light

lanb are worth investigating.



ll wi/Ipau you lo comlder (his oulfil and write

for Data-Boole No. 344. on the Rumcly-Olds

Engine and In ormation about the Electric Light

Plant. Ask I name of our nearest dealer.





RUMELY PRODUCTS CO.





(incorporated)

Power-Farming Mach ("nor-y





Battle Creek. Mich.

Home Office: LaPorte. Ind. 5 56





 





 





 





 





 





 





Amazing "DETROlT" Kerosene Engine

shipped on 15 days' FREE Trial, proves

kerosene cheapest, safest, most power-

ful fuel. If satisfied. pay lowest price

ever given on reliablr farm engine; if

not, pay nothing. No waste. no evapo<

ration. no explosion from coal oil.





Gasollno Golng Up!



Gasolineis 9ct015c higher than

cup! oil. Still going up. 'rwo

pints of coal oil do work of three ,

pints gasoline.





Amazing “DETROIT"





-only engine running on coal

oil successfully;uses albcohzl. petal; _

olineand benzine, too. 'tor swi - .

out cranking. Only three moving, g , ndilc'ii‘i'lb'oiinizo

parts—no cams—no sprockets—no .



gears-no valves—the utmost in aimplic ty. power and strength.

Mounted on skids. All sizes. 2 to 20 h. p.. in stock ready to

ship. Engine tested before crating. Comes nll ready to run.

Pumps. saws. threshes. churns. separates milk. grind-s feed.

shells corn, runsliome electric lighting plant. Prices (stripped).

829.50 lip. Sent any place on 15 days' Free Trial. Don't

buy an engine till you investigate money-saving. power-sawing

"DETROIT.” Thousands in use. Costa only postal to find out.

If you are first in your neighborhood to write. you get Special

Extra-Low Introductory price. Write! (138)





Detroit Engine Works.149 Bellevue Ave... Detroit, Mich.





 

 

 

 





Cy].





   





 





 





than stoves, much cleaner.,

easy to handle and heats ,

every room evenly. Lasts g

" as long as the house. An-

' drews Systems are Cut-to-ni every .

lob and are sold direct

to you, all complete 360 D‘Ys FHEETBIAL .

ready to screw together. Guaranteed by Band. .

Bl. HEATING Send us a. rough diagram show- ,_

ing sizes 01 rooms in your old

BOOK FHEEor new house and get our -—_—.

FREE ES





TIMATE.

ld . .

Alumsiiiniscu..‘f.llllr£a§.fns .

!





 





 





Mention the Michigan Farmer

when writing to advertisers.





98 7,: ,‘,\. («3‘





Post Paid





 

   

 





‘ perfect ti nio-kee





may... .. . -.r





An unwarranted prejudice still prevails

with some people, who say that “when we

mix our own lead and oil we know what is in

the paint.” So far as this goes it is true,

; provided the exact character of the lead and

oil is known, which is seldom true outside of

‘1 the most modern factory. And the lead and

oil are mixed purely by guess, whereas tests

in actual use have proved conclusively that to

make good paint you must know that the

materials come up to certain definite stand-

ards, that they are blended in the proper pro-

portions, and' mulled to a fineness that exper-

ience has proved to give best results.





1 you use and have a greater assurance of get-

ting good results by using paint made by an

honest manufacturer of high grade paints,

who has a reputation to maintain. When you

buy Lowe Brothers “High Standard” Liquid





ing to give the most permanent beauty and

lasting protection to your buildings.





The advantages in using “High Standard”

Paint are that while it spreads freely and goes

further, at the same time it is of such charac—

ter that it sets tightly in a coat of exceptional

weather-proofing qualities—therefore giving

better protection and lasting longer than

other paints. It is not the price per gallon

that you must consider, but the cost for the

entire job and the cost per year of wear.





There is a “High Standard" paint dealer

near you who can supply you with any of our

products. If you don't know who he is, we

will introduce you. There’s a Lowe Brothers

Paint, Varnish, Enamel or Stain for every

purpose and the “Little Blue Flag” on every

can is your certainty of satisfaction.





Valuable Paint Books—FREE





Have the but looking buildings in your mwnrhlp. Our

illustrated booklets will show you how. ”Home: Attractive

from Gate to Garret”, and “Guide in Farm Painting", sent

free to readers of this paper. Tear this

out—write today.





The Lowe Brothers

Company

499 E. Third St., Dayton. 0.

Boston, New York. Chicnso.

Kai-nu City





Lowe Brothers, Limited,

Toronto. Can.





 





 





 





 





 





>1";5 QUALITY PAINT





 





""" DIRECT TO YOU 5132





Mum“,



annuals Save 50c on Every G'al-

’ 3 Ion of High Grade Paint



1),“ M l o introduce it to readers of



, ’ The Michigan Farmer we will



i / send you our regular 81.75



grade of





WILSON’S PREPARED PAINT 3.95623





For only $1 25 per gallon in lots of six'uallona

and over. Frolglit Propald (East of the Mississrppi.)

We are manufacturers sellinlg direct to the com

sumer. Satisfaction pomtive y guaranteed. Dro



a ostal for information about our special trio.

0 er and handsome 35 color card. '





The Wilson Paint 6: Glass Co.

548 Main Street. Cincinnatl, 0.

Reference—First National Bonk of Norwood, Cincinnati.





 





l

g





 





 





 





 





 





LOOK—l Wafer Prooled Ololh Alpine!





All Nature and Fashion summon us to discard the old

winter styles. ‘ ”l‘he Cascade" is THE Spring hut—something

NEW.stylisli. serviceable, DIFFERENT. Originated and sold

only by us. 01’ fine Springweight wuterproofcd cloth.

Stitched crown and brim; silk serge lined. Four colors.

Black and white check; tan check; dark gray cheek; dark

brown Would cost 83“ imported. We charge $2 PREPA ll).

Money back if you don't like it. Order nmv~simply state

size and color. and inclose52. Write for "19l3Siy2e Book"

FREE. FRENCH 00.. 285 Arch Street, Philadelphia, Pa.





 





 





 





 





GET CLARIFIX for your show window (250).. or



your Eye Glasses (10c.) Prevents

frost or'moisture. and clouding in cold weather. Send

cash to Clarifix Lnbrutory. 36J Seventh Avenue. N. Y.





taught by mail with personal in-

structions by best teachers. Write

for free particulars with testi-

monials from our graduates





Illlnois Conservatory. Studio T 96 B'way. New 'York.





 





 





--To advertise our business. make new friends and intro





Guaranlocd 5 Y"” dues our catalogue anElzin Watches we will send this

elegant watch by mail. post paid for Only .80. Gentleman’s size. full nickel

silver plated case. Arable dial, lever escapenient. atom wind and stem set. a





par and fully guaranteed for 5 years. Send this advertis ment





to us with 98 cents. and watch will be sent by return mail postpaid. Sa infec—

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Address

, ich.





 





You can really know more about the paint -‘





Paint, you can know absolutely that it is go- .





 





BRAMBLE HILL.

(Continued from page 304).

with Doodle and went into the skyscraper

to report to his father the progress .on

his Yonkers work.



Doodle found himself standing alone in

front of the cigar store at the apex of

the delta, with all New York gliding past

in autos on the left and the rest of it

rumbling and jolting by in street cars on

the right. It is a. parting of the ways,

that delta which cleaves the: stream of

traffic alwafn. On 'the one hand the staid

and respectable rich who are aristocratic

enOugh 10 conSider down-town Fifth Ave—

nue as good as uptown Fifth Avenue, but

Broadway—never. On the; other side jolt

by those who have no interest in passing

the grim stone piles, boarded up in win-

ter while their owners are south, and

nailed shut all summer .while their oc-

casional inhabitants are abroad. There

is little to be seen in the residential part

of Fifth Avenue at any Lime of the year,

and. of course, in July there wasn't even

:1 dog to be seen. In fact, the procession

consisted only of sight-sears, tourists,

strangers, joy-riders, decrepit demi-

mondes and tenement inspectors,



There being nothing of interest here,

Fltzdun Raimer peered over the social

fence into Madison Square» Park, from

which Fifth Avenue turns away in dis-

dain as she approaches. The Madison

Square Park season was at its height.

Benches swarmed with wisps from the

human hay-stack. The park seemed like

one great tree; the benches were branches

and the humans swarming blackbirds.



Into this maelstrom of life Fitzdun Rai-

mcr sauntered slowly. It was very in-

teresting to study dissipation, disease.

squalor and drunkenness at first hand.



Glancing mist the Metropolitan Needle

he found that it was already half-past

four. W'ith much time on his hands be-

fore dinner, he dropped do_wn on a bench

beside a gentleman who looked like a

peevish Hamlet and continually caressed

an uncomfortable crop of hair on his

sunken face, something bet‘ween a five—

<laysl growth and a rubbl's beard. He

was also thin, painfully thin.



Fitzdun didn‘t mind the mingled odor

of static tobacco and whiskey. He was

tired and wanted to sit down‘ and think

over all Jimmie had had to say. Madison

Square Park was public ground, where

business men sometimes strolled and sat

at noon hour. Still. he felt like an inter-

loper, as though he had no business there.



A slovenly youth of mongrel origin.





 





 





with tattered shirt and shoes stubbed out

at the toes and scuffed to the natural

color of the leather, swooped down upon

Fitzdun as a juicy morsel tossed to him

by Fate, placed an impetuous, seeking.

grimy hand on Doodle's knee, attracted

his attention by staring into his eyes with

an eager, yearning, hungry look, and de-

manded: "Shoes shined. sir?”



Doodle glanced down idly at his shoes;

his man had done quite well with them

that morning, as usual. There was no

need to have the polish spoiled to satisfy

an urchin’s urge in the way of work. So

he inSerted two fingers into an ohtsirle

change pocket and dropped a quarter in

the boy’s palm.



"Never mind shining the shoes," he

said. “I’ve given you that quarter on

the express condition that you shine your

own. Look to the beam in thine own eye

before thou goest about offering to pick

motes out of other people’s.”



The bootblack stared till D00dle felt he

ought to reach out his palm and hold it

handy for fear the eyes of the urchin

should plop out. Finally he replied in a

gasp: “I didn’t offer to take no cinder

'Outer yer eye; I only East to shine your

shoes.”



Poodle was about to reply when the

shabby genteel gent sitting next him

reached out an expressive. hand; his flex-

ible fingers described a parabola and :1

few feRtoons in the atmosphere and,

when Doodle’s attention had been dis—

tracted from the bootblack, he wriggled

his mouth and spluttered: “Do not mind

Smuck; he is long on shortcomings. Do

not be hypnotized by his great big glob-

by eyes int-o giving him more money.

Save it, sir, for more worthy investment

which I shall shortly suggest to you. Yet

I note with pleasure,” he pronounced the

word deliciously, in a. quite Frenchy man-

ner, “with pleassssoor,” he repeated

crisply, “that you have given him money.

Live and let live! It shows. sir, that you

are no economiser,” he gave a little laugh,

clenched his fists like Scrooge and wrig-

gled his eye-brows in delight over the

turn he had given the word. “I am

pleased to note, also.” he went on light—

ly, running his long, interpretative fin-





gers in a‘ softly Svengalian manner or





MARCH 8, 1913.





thedirection of the tree tops, ”that you





read ShakeSpeare." .



His nervous hands ceased gestlculatlng

and dropped motionless in his lap. By

that sign, as much as by the fact that

his loose-lipped mouth flapped shut,

Doodle knew that he had finished speak-

ing. .

“Thank you for your commendations on

my mental, moral and sec-lal qualifica-

tions, and I’m obliged for your warning

against this young person, Smuck,” re-

Dlled Doodle very gravely. turning to the





fellow beside him with an odd twist to -





his smile of greeting and holding his hand

on his money pocket. “But how did you

gatherthat I read Shakespeare."





The hands went up in a delightful

deprecatiug gesture and u long finger

was thoughtfully improseed on the gen-

tleman‘s iemplr.



“Ali,” he said. beating a gentle meas-

ure with his other hand in time with his

raggy flow of words. “I heard theenthee-

ing and thouiug the young rascal flat-

tered by the fitting name of Smu‘ck.

That shows thy acquaintance with the

master?"



"So you read Shakespeare, too?” ex-

claimed Doodle.





“Oh, yes. I have played Hamlet.”

“Indeed! Then you’re an actor?”

“YeS.”





“Are you engaged at present?”



“I had a very handsome engagement

yesterday."



”\Vhat was it?"



“I ‘Walke-d (m' with a moving picture

film company," replied the gentleman

with the mangy hair, shrugging his eye-

brows and giving his fingers a significant

flirt. .



“Then yon have a great future behind

you." replied Dovdlc. remaining grave

with an effort. "I infer you lost the

engagement?"



“Exactly. I haw lost many engage-

ments. all because of lady fair. Shall I

tell you about it?"



Doodle having mine to the park to con-

sider carefully the question of Indy fair

himself fell an easy victim to the sug-

gestion. ”that do you charge for the

monologue?”



“W‘hnte'ver your kind and generous

heart dictates will be a seemly amount,"

replied the down-at-the-heels-and-pock-

els actor, making a very significant wrig-

gle with his knotty forefinger as though

describing in the atmosphere a squat dol-

lar Sign.



“You’re broke then?"



“I'nusually broke. That’s my middle

name—John Unusual Harp, sir.”



“A musical cognomen,” remarked

Doodle. He paused. “If you’re broke I

supp03e you're hungry, too."



"Oh, yes, indeed.” agreed the moving

picture film actor; .“I looked in the mirror

this morning to see if I had eaten and

found that I hadn't.”



““‘ell, here‘s thi-Vdollar; produce the

story about the lady fair." replied

Doodle, slipping :1 bill into his compan-

ion’s hand.



“It feels as cool as :1 thousand,” re-

marked the ragged gentleman. “I shall

have this framed and hung over the first

bar I come to. You‘ve seen those souve-

nirs of mine often, I dare say.”





“Often.” agreed Doodle, watching the

fellow pat the bill as though it were a

pet cat, rubbing it caressingly between

his forefinger and thumb, stained likea

su-hoolboy’s in walnut time, but With

cigarettes. .



The actor cleared his throat with a

roaring scrape and drew himself up im—

pressively, folding his arms, unfolding

them, and sweeping them out with the

fascinating gesture of a street) window

demonstrator. i



“I will now dull the I'azor—” he began.



“You will now What? I thought you

were going to begin telling me about

your enlistment in the service of the lady

fair?" put in Doodle.



“Oh, I beg pardon. I began accident—

ally with a line from an o':d play I used

to act in. I mean. if you will kindly step

down this way, gentlemen, away from

the door, I will next offer the gem of

the sale, a— On, I beg pardon,” he stop-

ped again, consciously. and allowed his

long arms to slip Slowly to his lap as he

wriggled about 'uneasily.



“Just a moment." he said, reaching

into his lapel pocket and uringlng out a

handkerchief that was part silk, though

which part it would have been hard to

say. He wadded it up with the care of

an old maid, turned sldewise and slipped

the bunched handkerchief carefully along

his pronounced backbone until it reach-

ed the irrltatlng top rail of the park-

bench, which grazed him at that point.



“Are you as thin as all that?” Doodle





 





 





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MARCH 8, 1913.





tried not to smile, but he grinned in

spite of himself.



“I am so thin I can’t shavobevcause

my nose always nicks the razor.” l’lc

sank back and continued, “You have

doubtless heard in your extensive read-

of Louis the Quince?”





ing, sir,



“Oh yes, brother of Oscar the Apri-

cot?" ventured Doodle.



“Oh, no. Nix on that kid stuff. This





was a Frehch king, fifteenth of the long

line of Louies. You know, Louis the

Quince, they named bureaus and seltces

and finger bowls after him?" '



Doodle nodded that he understood and

the nctor continued, his hands trying to

out-talk his tongue, "\Vell, I was play-

ing the. part of Louis the Quince one

night in inuh early youth. It was a. re-

vival of an old English play. There was

a girl in the cast who had the part of

‘soft voice off stage.’ She was as timid

and sweet 21 little flower as ever ran

away from a mean step-mother and went

on the stage. The manager was a rotten

man. You couldn't tell her that, though.

She believed in him, though he did man—

age to get her into his debt. That night

I’m telling you about, he came into the

flies about ten-thirty. We were playing

a small town, sir, and I was just warm-

ing up to the big scene where I, as king.

hurled definance into the teeth of the

Emperor of Germany, when I saw, out of

the corner of muh eye, the manager

come in, and I knew in a minute he'd

been out with Bacchus He put his arm

around the girl and stood left, in the

wings.“ The actor paused and shrugged

his shoulders. Taking a long breath. he.

went on abruptly, “VVel‘l,

all. He forgot himself. and I heard what

he said. I was right in the midst of mnh

big scene, but I cut my part, gave the

last lines—rushed of! into the Wings

knocked him down. When the manager

picked himself up he hauled his revolver

and shot at me. The curtain was rung

down and there was the devil in pay be-

hind. They were all after me, but I got

clear of the door with the girl. \Ve didn't

go back for our trunks. I got her into

a straight company an’ six weeks later

we were married.” He stopped again and

looked with hollow, searching eyes at

his long fingers, absently twining and un—

twining,r them. “Six months Ilater she

died," his eyes glowed dry and his fin-

gers were motionless for a moment. “She

caught the cold that night I ran away





with her.”



A long silence ensued. Finally Doodle

moved about uneasily and exclaimed,

“Wheww, that was tough."



“Oh, that was a long time ago.” He

clapped his hands together and sat up





straight, his eyes glistening and the hand—

kerchi'ef wadded at his back dropping to

the ground. “You wanted my story. You

paid for it. There it is!" he. swung his

long arms in a care-free motion and

started to rise.



“IVait a minute,” cried Doodle.

“Haven't you been able to get back in

the show business since then?”





“I haven’t tried hard.

out of me. I prefer to me u stroller.

of God’s own Wanderers—n scatterling.”

he answered with a far-away look. “I

have enlisted in the service of lady fair;

I've walked across Japan and the East-

ern Archipelago, I've been searching in

the highways and the byways

courtesy."



“And have you found any? Sit, down

I like to hear you talk,” said Doodle,

slipping another dollar into the nomad's

palm. “You're like a modern Don Quix-

ote."



“Only





()llf‘.





a Sancho. only a. Sancho," he

corrected. “But I have found some,

courtesy. Yes. I have found much, but

only in bits here and therc, A month

ago I stopped at a little. humble cottage

in Illinois. I was aweary and athirst:

I asked for food and was received with

overwhelming courtesy. A lady fair. and

a gentle old man greeted me and bade

me enter with great courtesy. -[ was

treated as one of them. A rare flower

she was, a ripe berry, sun-ripened, and

yet when I mentioned New York she had

been there, lived right here on Fifth Ave-

nue and came through it all unspoiled.

Still simple and courteous. Still a plain,

unaffected little country llass.”





“\tht town was that?” asked Doodle,

struck by the resemblance of the de-

ScriptiOn to Jim’s account of Jerusha

Wattles.



“Turtle Creek. I think the name was,

I remember reading in a. scrap or news-

paper which wrapped a beautiful sand-

wich something about a railroad mix-up

they had there. I think—”



(Continued next week).





   





 





that’s about .





and ,





fur:





 





 





It took the heart;





 





 

 

 





THE MICHIGAN FAv-RMER





21—309





 





 





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A million tires, within 12 months,

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Don’t you think you

know how they did it?





This is How





Men found that rim-cutting,

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They found that Goodyear No-

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Men also found that the 10 per

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Hundreds of thousands of men





should





One year ago-—in our 13th year—we

announced that one million Goodyear

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This month we, touch the two million

mark, and it’s only one year later.





Mark What Those Tires Told





tires.





learned this, then told the facts to

others.



The resulting demand now com-

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Are They Wrong?





You who still use other tires

must infer that these men are

wrong.



But these are days of odometers.

Men are keeping track of tire

mileage.



Mileage figures only sold those

million tires—the mileage figures

on the previous million tires.





And Goodyear sales, because of





One Million Sold Another Million





in a Single Year





It took 12 years to bring motor

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It took only one year for those mil-

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those figures. seven times

larger than two years ago.





Find Them Out





For your own sake, test No-Rim-

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are





Think how that cuts tire bills.

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These tires now outsell every

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Write for the Goodyear Tire

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*1 a 5: H

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_ For Forty Years We j

Have Fought For You





 

 

 





mnafiug‘q-Fa—uumwm

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The private fight of Wards against

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At Home, and Elsewhere U





Needy If





 

 





 





 





 





 





 





, 5.4!

1L; ‘





Wh at





 





 





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%





r





is Behind the Anti-





’ Suffrage Movement.





-a good fight in the last election



and lost by aa‘narrow margin. For

awhile neither defeat nonvictory was

certain, and there was much charging

and countercharging of fraud and irregu-

larity. Finally defeat. was announced and

there were paeans of rejoicing from the





THE suffragists of Michigan put up





enemy’s camp, and grim silence from the No one for a. moment

women of being the accomplices of the

practically everyone

thinks they are the unwitting tools of the

liquor dealers do not

want suffrage for fear of the temperance

They will leave no stone unturned

to prevent it, and a club of leading so-

cie-ty_women is a good thing with which

to dazzle the eyes of that large body of

influenced entirely by

what people whom they conscientiously





suffragists who, . nothing daunted by de-

feat, went on with the Warfare, plans for

which had been discussed while the out-

comewas undecided.



Aside from those who were actively

engaged in the fight against suffrage

there we‘re-few who were not sorry that





the women lost. From those who took'





no part on either; side came expressions

of sympathy. For‘the majority of people

believe in the justice of woman suffrage.

It is not because they do not think suf-

frage right that they are not actively

engaged in the battle to secure it. It is

simply that they do not believe it will

accomplish the great things the suffra—

gists hope. At any rate there were many

expressiOns of regret and much predict-

ing that when the question was again

submitted to the people of Michigan the

cause would be won.



But new forces were silently at work,

beneath the surface. \Yhile the suffra-

gists were resting in their tents, pending

the outcome, and quietly discussing

working plans provided it became neces—

sary to fight again, the army on the

other side was laying out a campaign.

‘Almost simultaneously with the an-

nouncement that suffrage lost there

sprang up in Detroit, Flint and‘other

cities of Michigan, Anti-Suffrage socie-

ties headed by the women of wealth and

leisure of the cities. In Detroit it was

announced that a cultured and highly

educated eastern college woman would

address all those interested in the anti-

suffrage movement at a meeting in the

Pontchartrain. The names of thewomen

behind the movement read like a page

from the society blue-book. Rather, like

the list of patronesses at the most ex-

clusive society ball of the season, since

anyone with a quarter can get her name

in the blue-book. Those who attended

the meeting said it reminded them of a.

symposium on dress, where- each woman

tried 'to outdo the other. Grande dames

in diamonds. and dcbutantes in expen-

sive gowns filled the front seats, while

the plainly dressed suffragists who had

come to get the arguments on the other

side, or to try to confound the speaker,

according to their temperaments, were

sprinkled through the crowd. The much





advertised lady addressed her audience

and the Anti-Suffrage movement was

launched.





To those'who are familiar with the





‘real below-the-surface facts the situation





is like this. The suffragists are made

up of'the tollers and .women who think.

On the antis’ side are lined up. afew





'women with money and social position





who do not want to vote. “'ith a few

notable exceptions none of them have

ever been accused of thinking about any-

thing except receptions, patriotic soeie-

ties, and clothes. Their names heretofore

have been seen principally in the papers

as guests or hostesses at exclusive func-

tions. A few are charitably inclined. but

seldom do they mother any movement

in:i aid of the poorer classes except in a.

dilletante sort of way. Just what force

was powerful enough to get them togeth-

er' and actually set them to doing some-

,thing has been a cause of much won-

"derment among those who are always

looking for the fire when they see smoke.



The alleged cause has .not been long

hidden, however. In fact, it never was

actually hidden, fer from the first there

were those who blamed the liquor inter-

ests. ‘Before the question was settled it

was;,declaredvthat if Suffrage lost, the

liquor dealers would be responsible. So

there were ,tnose who. said at' once that

the. liquor dealers really originated the





 





anti movement in Michigan. At first

only the suffragists made the charge. but

the rumors have been circulated so per-

sistently, and there is'so much circum-

who

thinks now feels sure that back of the

exclusive society antis is the st‘rong hand

of the manufacturers of strong drink.

these





stantial “evidence that everyone

accuses





liquor men. ~But

saloonmen. The





vote.





people who are





ape are doing.





The story of the antis’ club, as told by

Outside

parties, liberally paid by the liquor deal-

being sent to

every doubtful state to organize the autis.

acquaint

themselves with the situation. find out

just what women are couservatlve enough

which

threatens to take them out of their rut.

woman’s

disgust for politics and wardheelers, paint

pictures of her being forced to go to the,



lead the

Of course,

it is not done so baldly as this would in~





the suffragiSts,.is like this.





ers of the country, are





They go to the large cities.





to be against any movement





They then work on the





polls and cast her vote. and

women to organize the clubs.





 





dicate. The whole thing is So adroitlY

managed that the soci'étty, women .think

they are doing it themselves, and fail to

recognize the fact that they are. being

manipulated... To sume this may sound

impossible, but there are so many women

and men. too. who never think for them-

selves, that it is perfectly easy for any—

one who does to Use them for anything.



And this is whatnot only suffragists

but, men conversant with the situation

declare has been done in Detroit. The

women who are ostensibly back of the

movement are only shields behind which

the liquor dealers 'of the country work.

Of course, the liquor men deny the

charge with hands raised to Heaven and

challenge the suffrugists to come ahead

with their proof. It is hardly likely that

the suffragists can do this, for it is one

of those situations which everyone is

positive exists, but which has been so

carefully built up that it would be im-

possible to bring llOSiliVe proofs. The

thief has made a clever get-away, but

if the case could be proved by circum-

stantial evidence there is enough lying

around loose to convict the criminal in

any court.



If the suffragists are right in their con-

tention it is the most favoring gale that

ever blcw their way. Once lct it be

known that the liquor men are against

suffrage every decent mindr-d man and

woman will immediately line up on the

other side. No matter what we think

about suffrage we are all pretty much of

one opinion about liquor. BcS-ides, we

Americans always love :1 fair light in the

open and have no sympathy for the

cause which fights the working woman

behind the skirts of her more fortunate

sister.



DEBORAH.





 





W h'at’s W hat' in

S it possible that the fashion makers

really'grow cleverer each spring and

evolve daintier fabrics for the con—



sideration of women? Or is it that we





have grown so tired of winter garb that

the spring garments seem to us each

year the prettiest; we have ever known?





 





 





 





. Two Samples of Ginghams.





 





 





Whichever the cause, certain it is that

the fads and fancies of this year of grace

seem more fetching than any in the

memory of mere woman.



Alluring in color, satisfying in texture,

pleasing in line .are the offerings in sum-

mer garments. From the bright cherry,

which ’was so high,in .favor during. the

winter,‘to the delicate “1.1.63, gevery worn-





 





 





 





 





Spring Patterns.





an loves, the colors run in every shade

that pleases the eye.



Prettiest among the wash goods are

the poplins, and because of their soft,

silky qualities they promise to be among

the most popular of the many fabrics.

They come in all colors, tan, sundry

shades of blue and pink. cream, what

you will, and although they shimmer with

much the effect of the silk—and—wool pop—

lins they are easily tubbed. These sell

at 25 cents the yard. while the silk and

wool poplins are $1.50 and up.



Katine, which was good last year, has

come in with founfold strength. Added

to the plain colors which were worn last

year, there are many striped effects, and

in these the striped tans are high in

favor. There are plain' tans, Saxe blue.

Cllpenhagen blue, light blue, dark blue,

and even lavender. Twin sister to the

ratine is eponge, which looks so much

like it that only the shopkeeper can tell

the difference. Both cloths make up

prett’ily with the Bulgarian silks. These

silks, by—the-way, the guileless clerk will

tell you are hard to get because the war

in the Balkans has shut down all the

silk mills over there. If you begin talk-

ing to him about the antiques made in

New JerSey and Grand Rapids, however,

he will admit that the silks which savor

of tapestry. are really made in our own

mills and are hard to get simply because

they are' in such demand. In the ready-

lO-WQEU‘ ratine gowns, Bulgarian silk

girdles and Robespierre collars, and but-

tOns covered in silk are much in evi-

dence. Silk crepe ratine comes at 25

cents a yard. This, as its name shows,

is a crepe effect striped with silk.





 





23—311

CLEAR HEADED





Head Beokkeeper Must Be Reliable.





The chief bookkeeper in a. large busi-

ness houSe in one of our great ‘Vestern

cities speaks of the harm coffee did for

him. (Tea is just as injurious because

it contains caffeine,» the same drug found

in coffee).



“Mywii‘e and [ drank our first cup 01"

Postum a little over two years ago and

we have used it ever since. to the entire

exclusion often aud‘coffee. It happened

in this way: , . .



“About three and a half years ago I

had an attack of pneumonia. which lefta

memento in the shape of dyspepsia, or

rather, to speak more correctly, neuralgia

of the stomach. My ‘cup of che-er' had

always been coffee or tea. but I became

convinced, after a time. that they aggra-

vated my stomach trouble. I happened

to mention the matter to my grocer one

day and he suggested that I give l’ostum

a. trial. ' _



“Next day it came, but the cook made

the mistake of not boiling it sufficiently.

and we did not like it much. This was,

however, soon remedied, and now we like

it so much that we will ncver change

back. l’ostum. being a food beverage

instead of a drug. has been the means of

banishing my stomach trouble, I verily

believe, for I am a well man today and

have used no medicinc.



“My work as chief bookkeeper in our

Co.’s branch house here is of a very

confining nature. lluring my coffee-drink—

ing days I was subject to nervousness

and ‘Ihe blucs.‘ These have left me

since I began using I’ostum. and I can

consr-ientiously recommend it to those

whose work (routines them to long hours

of sevcre mental exertion.“ Name given

by l’oslum 00., Battle Creek, Mich.



“'l‘here’s a reason." and it is explained

in the little book, “The Road to ‘l’ell-

ville," in pkgs.





Ever read the above letter? A

new one appears from time to

time. They are genuine, true.

and full of human interest.





 





 





   





Decorate Your Home

HISTORIC PLATES

Famous Royal Doulton (English) China

Each Plate represents an historic American

subject—clear and perfect reproduction, in

Old Blue and White, heavy glaze, guaran-

teed fast. color. Handsome decoration for

China Closet or Plate Rail. Practical for



tableruse. 10 inches.





Six Interesting Subjects.

George W'ashington. Viv S. Capitol.





 





Martha Washington. to House.

Mount Vernon. Congressional Library.

601: $1.50 $3 .0

for one. for any three. for all six.





Sent anywhere, prepaid. Remit by Registered

Mail, Postal, or Express Order, to Dept. A

“'ASHINGTOX IMPORT 00..

607 Penna. Aye" Washington, I). C.

Money refunded if not satisfactory.





 





 





 





 





 





 





T PAY 1W0 PRICES





700.8.ootom0003

___ ,_ -.-“ - oosmr Ranges

' ‘ and Heaters





‘ . ' f ‘ ( Why not buythe Best when you

- ' , ~...n bu them of ouch low un- ,





(—i-u—uf-fi-





 





   

     





 





Marquisettes and voiles are again good.

in spite of much talk last year against

them and in favor of more closely woven

cloths. If these two favorites of women

are to go it is very evident they will die

hard. Both come in'silk thread effects,

and in all colors. The marquisette sells

at 35 and 40 cents the yard, and for the

woman who wants a diaphanous gown,

nothing is prettier. .





 

 





 





l:





_————_.._________





»‘ r E'BEST'IIGHT





   





Absolutely safe. Makes and burns its on

gas. Brilliant 606 candle power light.

eat: no shalom. Costs 2 cents per

, week. No smoke, grime, nor odor. Over

”styles. Eve lump warranted. Agents

, wanted. Write or catalog.





THE BEST "6!" C0.

280 E. 5th 51.. Canton. 0..





   





 





French ramies are new and good. These

are a coarse, weave. something like voile,

and come in plain colors. ’ '

ramie is one of, the leaders, but it can '





Linen color ' ..





 





be obtained in other tones. .. ., .
T H E M'I C H I GAN F A RM E R. ‘ , MARCH-,8, 1913. . ‘





., French corduroys will

the winter goods. These are much like rim metal.





be popular in‘ered, or with the center cloth and the





 





 





 





w





r News .





 





wax-:3





 





 





 





Big Ben—eTwo Good Alarms in One





If you have got to get up bright

and early, if you have to get your

help in the field on time, ask for Big

Ben at your jeweler's and try him

for a week. You’ll never want to be

without him afterwards.





Big Ben stands seven inches tall.

He is triple nickel-plated and wears

an inner vest of steel that insures him

for life. His big, bold figures and

hands are easy to read in the dim

morning light. His large, comfort-

able keys almost wind themselves.





Take your choice in Big Ben. He

rings either way you wish — five

straight minutes or every other half

minute for all of ten minutes unless

you switch him off. He’s two alarms

in one.





If you’re a light sleeper, turn on

the half minute taps before you go

to bed. If you sleep heavily, set the

five minute call. You can slumber

then without the get-up worry on

your mind.





 

 





 





When morning comes, and it’s an-

nounced by Big Ben’s jolly bell, you

can’t help getting up at once, for Big

Ben never fails to get you wide awake.





He rings five minutes steadily or ten

intermittently. If he is oiled every

other year, there is no telling how

long he will last.





pique, but' the stripes are wider and give

the effect of real corduroy. They sell at

50 cents the yard, while the pique,

which will be much worn for separate

White skirts, suits and dresses, may be

bought for 25 cents.



Ginghams, like the poor, we have ever

With us. They are washable, durable

and likeable for a general utility dress.

Small checks and plain colors are being





pushed for 'favor this spring, though the





larger plaids and stripes are also shown.

She who istwise shrinks her gingham be-

fore making it, as this cotton is the

worst of any to shrink after washing. As

usual, the dress ginghams run in value

from a shilling the yard to 35 cents, de-

pending partly on quality and partly on

the store where they are bought.



For kimonas a pretty conceit is shown,

plisse. The body of this resembles our





 





 





 





 





 





Novelty Ra‘tlne.





old friend the seersucker, and over the

cloth are fans and floral effects in every

conceivable color, most noticeable being

cherry and blue.





BUTTONS ARE POPULAR.





Buttons will play a prominent part in

trimming the frocks of the season of

1913, if the button manufacturers have

their way. Not in the memory of this

particular woman has there been such





You may have covered but-

tons in the shape of a sphere or a hem-





 





Silk Crepe Ratlne.





 





isphere and of any size from the size of



a pea to an inch or two in diameter. .

Among the ”freaks” there are buttons



in size and color like a cherry. Cherry w“.



red is such a favorite color in fabrics it



must follow that we would have cherry .



buttons, too. Then there are smaller



red buttons with a black top which re-



mind one of currants, and small red but-



tons without the touch of black. It takes



some stretch of the imagination to con-



ceive a garment decked with these gay





buttons. but probably some dressmaker





will be found brave enough to consider

them smart.





HOW TO COOL A PIE QUICKLY.





‘To cool a pie quickly when it is baked

late and needed for dinner. buy a 15 cent |

wire sieve shaped like a pan. Place it

in the pan and set the pie in it. Pour





'~\$





. Big Ben is really three good CIOCkS He‘s sold by 18,000 watchmakers. His price is an array of these ornaments shown.

in one, two excellent alarms and a 5&50 211;)YWlierC in tfl‘iedStgtes. $3 ans/Where in Fair Glass buttons of course are much in *

. - _ - a a. you can't n im at your Jewe er s. a , . " . ' , . '

fine time'keeper to keep In any room money order mailed to Watt/ox, La Salle. Illinoii. GVIdence- There are small brilliantS ' r;



and tell time all day by. will send him anywhere you say express prepaid shaped like cut diamonds; round glass





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 





’n’nfll‘u‘





“I...“uu nun“





 





__u_u_u_n__u_u=ll u H u u M II I: u u n n n n n u u n u u u n_n_u_u n u n u n n ILIUHI u





 

 





i





l





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   





"L .





   





_ —“-”_





";M§lleafile:iiafiditli:

.. :cn' "iseoal:::n"-_on:: ::.: angels-n:





ll ll'll_u_u_n=u_n_u II-|v_u_u_ll.u-u-lI-II_IIxH_II-II‘_n_n_II_II_n.n__u_ll_n_n l_lu-ll__l_I:l

II=II-M-II-II il'ii'i1'11':Fll‘li‘ll'ii‘nl‘il’il‘ii u":u‘u’u‘n-u‘u‘nF‘u’n 11—“ u n u H II II II n l I





Don’t Buy Any Range Sight Unseen ,





If you Were buying a horse, you wouldn’t want any printed description-

you would want to look him over mighty carefully so as to know you were get-

ting your money’s worth. So, before deciding upon any range the wise woman

will go to the local dealer and examine the Great Majestic Range closely—it will

stand the test of comparison point for point, with any range ever made. When you

have made this comparison-your choice will be the range with a reputation.





The Majestic Outwears Three Ordinary Ranges





It is the only range made of malleable iron and charcoal iron. Charcoal iron

won ’t rant like steel—malleable iron can’t break. Outwearc 3 ordinary rang“.





, Perfect Baker—Saves Half Your Fuel



The Majestic is put together with rivets—joints and seems remain air tight

forever. Body lined with pure asbectos board—you can see it. Takes but half

the fuel—assures perfect baking. '





3“:

MIN





N





I. M

N N

N N l





 

 

 





 





 





 





 





' \

.m—rm i





All Copper Reservonr—Agaxnst Fire Box

The reservoir is all copper and heats through copper pocket, pressed from

‘ ‘ one piece, setting against fire box. Holds 1d gallons of wate



\ i , and reservoir and frame are instantly , _ ,

moved away from the fire. S“



Greatest Improvement



Ever Put In a Range

—increasing strength and wear of a

Great Mqiestic more than 300 per

.1- cent at a point; where other ran-

ges are weakest—many other exclus-

ive features. Ask to see it.



For sale by dealers in nearly every county

in 40 states. Any Majestic dealer can fur-

nish any size or style Majestic Ran c with

or without egs. Write for our klet,

, "Range Comparison." .



Majestic Manufacturing Co.

Dept. St. Louis. Mo.





TheRangelVith

_' amputations...

_| ”l: "Should Be

fillnYourKitchen





 

 





p





 

 





 





   





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Aluminum Top Reservoir





 





 





 





 





buttons the size of a quarter; glass but-

tons in light blue, dark blue and purple,

amber, green, pink, and lavender, in fact,

any color you ask, for trimming dainty





|____, ===:=======::_____===____::=:===__=== waists. Brass buttons are shown from



u=ll:ll._ ' Ilsll=ll=ll=ll=ll=ll:ll I' ll=ll=ll:ll= -I -u=u=n.'I=u=ll=u:n:u:n n .llgllsllgll=ll=l the Size Of a dime to a size even larger



HH: ‘ {HHH a e’stl'c::=::=: than a silver dollar. French Corduroy. ‘ ;

‘3":"3' .= =H=H=U=, = = ="=”=, The covered buttons are in many cold water in the pan till it comes up ,

l=ll=ll=lt;ll_u-u n ”=an n‘u_n_n_’_u_n =n=n‘n=n u u_n n ‘u n. n_n'_n=n.=n_u_n_u u u =I=H=I styles. You may have a flat button cov- around the pie tin. When the water he- ‘





ered in one color, 0r covered in two col-

ors of cloth. \You may have a button

with a center of metal and the rim cov-





 





 





comes warm the- sieve can be readily

lifted out and the water changed for .

cold—Mrs. M. N. ‘





 





 





Klmona





‘ ~ Pretty





 





 





um, ....
in:

at

;:





 





 





 





MARCH‘ 8.4 1913.





HOME QUERIES.‘





 





Household Editorz—How do you make

croutons?~—Cook.





Cut the bread in slices about a. half-

inch thick. remove the crust, cut in

cubes, shake in melted butter in a fry-

ing pan until they are browned all over,

01‘ spread with butter, and brown in the

oven. ‘ '





Household Editorz—VVould you whip a

child for obstinacy?—Anxious Mother.





If I wantedto make him incurable.

“'hipping an obstinate child usually only

makes him more sullen and resentful. I

have a friend who cured her six-year-old

boy of obstinacy by telling him he was

sick and that he must stay in bed until

he got well again. She explained that





when children were perfectly well they

“ere always good and obliging, and that





if they Vbecaue naughty and disagreeable

it was.a sure Sign they were sick and

must be doctored. A day, in bed with

nothing to eat but toast and gruel soon

“cured" the small boy of his sickness.





Household Editor:—How do 'you glaze

bread?—~Baker.



A good way is with cornstarch. Ilse a.

tablespoonful, even,‘of cornstarch to a





pint of boiling water. When the bread

is almost done pull out of the oven long

enough to rub on the cornstarch with a

brush, then return and finish baking.





Household Cditor:—How long should

steak be cooked?—Mary M.





A steak an inch thick should be cook-

ed four minutes if liked rare, and ten if

desired well-done. If an inch and a

half thick cook eight minutes for rare

and 15 for well-done.



Household lCdit0r2—How do you use

boracic acid’.’ M. B.



Dissoive a teaspoonful in one cup. a

half pint. of hot water, and bathe the

afflicted Dart. Boracic acid solution

makes a good wash for a sore mouth. It

is also good for an eye wash.



Household Editor:—~\Vhat

can be safely given a

child?—;\trs. B.



Potato, fresh peas, asparagus, spinach,

celery and lettuce. It is seldom that a

child this age will eat any of the coarse-

tibred vege-tal:>les, as turnips, carrots. etc.

and this is a pretty good sign that the

stomach is not ready for them.



Household liditor:—-“'ould you recom-

mend tat meal water for three-months-

old baby?~1\’lother.



That depends altogether upon the baby.

“'hile one baby might digest it easily

another would die on it. Oatmeal is

loosenixg. so if the infant's bowels are

already loose I would not give it. The

theory in feeding babies is not to give

starch at all until the seventh month.

when the salivary glands begin to work,

and oatmeal is a starch. However. many

babies thrive. on starch much earlier than

seven months. setting at nought the the-

ory. Tilt-e wazer and barley water are

either «he easier of digestion for the av—

erage baby than oatmeal water. To make

either, Emil one tablespoonful of the grain

in a pint of water tWo hours,‘ adding

boiling water as it cooks away so that

there is one pint when the time is up.

Then strain and add one tablespoonful

to the entire day‘s feeding, or a tea-

spoont‘u‘: to a bottle two or three times

during the day. If the baby digests this.

all right you will know by the condition

of the bowels next day. In case it is

digested add a little more of the water

the set-ond day until the child is taking

all it can safely digest.





 





vegetables

llll‘ee-3't"li!'-()l(l





Household l6<litorz~thy can’t I say

“I knowed it’."’——Jack.



Because “know” is an irregular verb

and the past tense is “knew." You

should say “i knew it” and “I have





known it."



Household Editor—Why do some reci—

pes say to beat the whites and yolks of

eggs snparatcty and others to beat them

together‘?——I\I. K.



Eggs are used for two purposes, one

to make a cake lighter and the other to

thicken the mixtures in which they are

used. 'When they are added to give

lightness, we, beat the parts separately;

when to make the mixture thicker, as

puddings, etc., it is better to beat them

together.



Household Editorz—XVhat does

mean ‘?——Cook.



It is a French term for the cooked but-

ter and flour we use to thicken sauces.



Household Editor—“The Magazine Cor-

ner,” by Pearle White McCowan, Jan. 4

issue, appealed to me. it'll] you or the

lady who wrote the article please give

me information about the hooks? Are

they to be made or bought? And how are

they .fastened on the wall?———E. C.



The hooks deseribed in the article were,

or rather are, for I use them myself,

of the variety known as hanging paper,

or letter files, and are often seen in bus-

mess offices. They are made of either

wire or With an iron‘ back‘and‘ wire hook,





”roux"





 





.‘THE MICHIGAN FARME'R





and are so constructed as to hang upon-~





nails driven into the wall. They can be

purchased at almost-any bazaar or ten

cent store, at various prices, according

to material and durability. 'Price usually

ranges from two to ten cents each.—

P. W. McC.

HOW TO COOK) OUR HOME-DRIED

FRUITS.





 





BY It/IARY MASON WRIGHT.





Our home-dried fruits are not only

nutritious and healthful but economical

as well, and most country housewives

have a good supply on hand which comes

in nice toward “spring when other things

are not so plentiful.



All dried fruits should be well-washed

before being cooked. for no matter how

carefully they have been dried, they

will not be entirely free from dust or

dirt; then they should be soaked in wat-

er from 12 to 24 hours, the time depend-

ing on the kind of fruit, and whether

thcy are very dry or wrinkled. A'll fresh

fruit is largely composed of water. and

most of this has evaporated in the drying

process, therefore it is necessary that as

much water he again absorbed as was

lost to make it anyways like fresh fruit.

These dried fruits should be boiled in the

water in which they have soaked, and

should be cooked very slowly, or they

will break down and become soft and

mushy before done sufficiently; they will

also lose part of their flavor by rapid

cooking. A pinch of salt added to most

dried fruit will improve its flavor. Sweet-V

en the fruit just before removing it from

the fire.



Dried sour cherries make an excel-lent

substitute for the commercial dried cur-

Iants, and can be used with success in

almost everything in which they have

been used. They are especially nice when

uScd in suet puddings or in fruit cakes.

or mince, pies. In nrost cases it will be

best to run them through a food chopper,

or at least chop them up.



Sour and swect dried fruits are exccl—

lent combined; they ‘can either be stewed

ttwgthcr or stewed separately and then

combined, the latter is the more desir-

able way when the fruits do not cook in

the same length of time. taisins are fine

combined 'with dried illlbles. Use about

a cupful of seeded or seedless raisins to

each pint of fruit. Dried apples are nice

stewed with slices of lemon, or spiced





with citmanion. Dried peaches and ap—

ricots make a good combination, also

pears and prunellos. dried plums and

prunes. In combining a sour fruit like

plums- with prunes, use about one-third

of the former. and two-thirds of the

latter. There is an art in “blending”





different kinds of fruit, as there is in

“l'rlending” coffee or tea. and the best

way is to try different ways in combin-

ing the fruits until you get the most sat-

isi‘actory flavor.



Most of the dried fruits can beused

in making pics. puddings and such like.

Peaches make nice filling for shortcakes,

and if the preserve closet begins to get

low in spring excellent preserves and

marmalades can be made with the dried

fruits. Soak the fruit for at least 24

hours, then simmer very slowly, adding

about three-fourths of a pound of sugar

to each pound of fruit, unless the fruit

is very tart, then a little more sugar‘can





be used. Boil! the fruit until thick, and

then turn into jars. Following are the

recipes of two fruit cakes made with





dried fruits that are delicious as well as

economical: _



Dried Apple Fruit Cake—Soak one cup-

ful of dried apples over night in cold

water enough to swell them, chop them

in the morning, and then add one cup-

fu'l of molasses and cook slowly until al-

most soft. then add a cup of seeded rais-

ins, and stew awhile longer. Set aside

to cool, and when cool, add one-third

cup of butter, one well-beaten egg, one-

third teaspoonful of soda, and one cupful

of flour. Beat up and bake in a mod-

erate oven. A te-aspoonful of cinnamon

will add to the cake for many. This can

be doubled if a larger cake is desired.



Spice Fruit Cake—Take two cupfu'ls

of light-brown sugar, and three-fourths

cupful of butter. cream together, add one





cupful sour cream, two eggs, one—half

cupful chopped seeded raisins, one-half

cupful of chopped dried cherries, one-





half cupful stewed dried apples, one tea-

spoonful of cinnamon, and one-half tea—

spoonful each of alalspice and cloves, or

nutmeg, and one teaspoonful soda. Add





.enough flour to make a good cake batter,





and bake in a moderate oven. The dried

sour cherries nicelytake the place of

Currants, and the dried apples the place

01' citron‘. ' ‘





 





 





 





 





 





25—313





H T “T ll T' Q“ It

Tire Quality is the well from which Tire Mileage

springs and nothing you .or anyone else can do will

get out of that well more than goes into it.



Ajax “built in” Quality makes possible a written

guarantee of 5000 miles. For eight years we have made

quality of product rather than quantity of output our aim.





That is why we have not only been able to advertise quality

but to guarantee it.





 





 

   

   

   

   

 





Thousands of motorists have learned that the bonus of '

1500 miles with Ajax Tires means a 30% saving in tire costs.





   

 





 





 





 





   

 





Guaranteed Guaranteed

In Writing , In Writing

for for





   





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There’s an Ajax Dealer near you. Send us a, postal for his

name. We will also mail free of cost an interesting booklet

entitled “Figures That Don’t Lie. "





AJAX-GRIEB RUBBER COMPANY ' .

l 797 Broadway New York City





Factories:

(1)





   

 

   





Trenton, IV. J.





 

   





 





 





 





 





Light for all your buildings at any hour of the day or night.





No danger of fires or explosions from lamps or lanterns. No lamps to





clean and fill. And with all its advantages





Electric Light Is Not Expensive





 

 

 





   

 





 

 

 

 





   

 

 





 

 





50-Li h . . . .



30-Vlllit Bummg all 50 lights of this system for 5 hours would



giggle“ only cost about l0 cents for fuel



R333“ L' I ' [I'll I ; oils. You would seldom bum all



Lamp, and : ':' :' —-——l"”U « lights at once hence this low cost would be

i / . .



BENT” , 3'7", Ila—nu"; l 4 much reduced. Let us give you full partic-





ulars.Writc for Catalog No.C D 601





 

 

 





 





 

 





     





 





 





~ Tm Fairbanks,Morse&Co.

DVNAMO ‘WITCHBOAQD BATTERY ENGINE' ‘ Chicago DetroitV I





 





 





 





 





FREE! FREE! FREE!





Round Trip Railway Fare to





Detroit, Grand Rapids or Saginaw





From any place in Michigan.



It has been customary in the past. when concerns had prospective purchasers

out of town to send a salesman to see. them. This took the man’s time fora day

or two, traveling expenses and hotel expense. We eliminate all this by allowing

out of town purchasers round trip tickets to come to our warerooms instead of our

salesman going to them. We are able to save you all this expense and we know

you Will be better pleased in selecting your piano from a large stock than if you

made your select-ion from catalogue. “'rite today to nearest branch for Railroad

Exchange Ticket. You can buy your piano and do your other shopping and

we pay your ROUND TRII’ FARE.





STORY ('3 CLARK PIANO CO.





33 Grand River Ave., Detroit. 1 14 Pearl St., Grand Rapids.

1 17 No. Franklin Street, Saginaw.





 





 





 





 





 





on famous Kalamazoo stoves—buy of

the extra profit: of jobber and dealer.





‘ I." 2

You'll me: from 55 to 840.

Payment: 4! your ronwnimte. We ship the day your order comes and

we pay thafm‘ghr—right to your station.

' 360 Da 5A rovai Test. .

_. 30 Days Free Trlal Big bg’ok Iillustrated - ,1

400 st les and sizes of stoves to choose from. Get it '

NOW, Ask for catalog No, 113.- we also make

iumaces and gas stoves—special catalogs free.





Kalam-ooStoveCu Mfr: ,

A kalamam 21.“:





1:22.22.“ Direct to You 53.3”.“





 





 





\ , ‘lo tango our bugs-anth- a" frlllldl and introduce our catalogue o 1.1;!!!

, Wan-ml we will Ind Khhdqlnl notch by null pen paid for ON'hY 98

c N _ Continua“ llama]! 2|th Invol- pint-d me. Anbto a Jan:

Infill, um wind and on I». who: manhunt: and fully guaranteed



and “In adv. to u wlch ,ud mt: will in um by return mail





for ”In.

tp‘ld. Sltkhofl . mu "fund . _n 980 ,a . roll

'i' E.‘ altruism 338-33. nefifimdsfif‘ciulllm.
314—26





r . .

Would a Sure



and Steady Income



Interest YOu ?





Would you be willing to work hard for a few years to have it?





You have read of the splendid apple crops of the Pecos Valley

of New Mexico and Texas. You have seen reports of the large

profits. You know the results that can be secured by intelligent

effort. You know these things, but have you ever sat down to

analyze the advantages offered by the Pecos Valley?





Do you realize that most of the apples used in, Texas come

from this valley? Do you know that there are 4,000,000 people

in Texas, all apple-hungry and willing to pay well for good fruit?

Do you know that the Pecos has the nearest apple orchards?





 





Do you know that the Pecos Valley has a particularly favor-

able climate and soil for apple-growing? It is the nearest apple-

growing country, and other apple sections are practically shut out

of Texas by the long hauls and expense of transportation.





Do you know that the Pecos Valley has numerous irrigation

projects, also artesian wells and abundant underground water,

easily available by pumps?





The rich soil of the Pecos Valley responds generously and

quickly to irrigation. The splendid climate and abundant sun-

shine put color and flavor into all crops.





not using the little foresight, energy and

hard work that will ultimately make you

the possessor of an irrigated apple orchard

in the Pecos Valley and all the prosperity

that means?





You are not dependent on apples, alone;

sweet » potatoes, cantaloupes, pears and

peaches are good tnontymakers, and truck

farming pays well, too,, but next after ap-

ples cotnes alfalfa. The bright, petrgrecn

alfalfa of the Pecos Valley is in special

demand and is an easy and profitable crop

to grow while the orchard is developing.



Do you know that splendid land, ready





You will find there now—good schools,

good roads and many thriving little cities

more enterprising and better consumers than

for the plow, with water developed, can be larger communities in older sections. You’ll

bought for $75 an acre and up, on long get a hearty welcome and won’t be lone-

time, with low interest? some, because orchard homes make close



Are you willing to let, this opportunity neighbors and the resulting social activity

slip by you? Is there any good reason for due to common interests.





Write for Pecos Valley folder—it’s free—and get the whole story.





0. L. Seagraves, General Colonization Agent,

Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway,

2295 Railway Exchange, Chicago





N. B.-—Homeseekers’ Excursions are run twice a month. I will

be glad to tell you about the trains and fares.





 





 





 





 





YOUR HIDE





will be tanned ri ht, if sent. to The

Blissfield Robotic ‘annin 00. Horse.

cow and small furs ma 9 soft. and

pliable. Wind and Waterproof. We

manufacture them the right way

into men’s and women's Fur Coats,





Hygienic Wool Batting





3 lb. weights. strictly pure

wool. 8. lb. comforter is

warmer thanfi lbs. of cotton,

especially adapted to open

air sleepin . Custom work

done. sen us your wool,

will make it into batts for

you, write for booklet.

MONROE WOOLEN MILLS.

Monroe. Michigan.





A $50 MACHINEM 19 i]





New Model with Ball Bearing Head and Stand—Automatic Tension

Release—Automatic Lift Drop Head—High Arm—Oak or Walnut Table. .





We Pay the Freight

“Xhow 90 Days’ Trial





Our new model, im-

proved Michigan Farmer

sewing machine hascam

thread take up, givmg

better control of the

thread and makingabet-

ter stitch than any other

arrangement. Running it

backwards will not break

the thread. It has high- .

est arm, disc tension, au-

tomatic bobbin winder

with loose band wheel,

high lift for heavy work.





Guaranteed for 20 Years.





and money refunded if not satis-

factory after 90 days’ trial. Com-

plete attachments, accessories

and instruction book free. We

guarantee this machine to be

first-class in every particular,

handsome in appearance and

equal to any machine made.

Same machine without the au-

tomatic Lift for only $18.





Good Machines as Low as $12.





For $7 extra we will send the $19 machine with automatic lift in a hand-

some cabinet frame. .' «:1 . .



We prepay freight to any freight station east of the Mississippi River, or

south to, Tennessee. You cannot afi‘ord to buy a machine until you have

sent for our handsome illustratediree catalog, printed in colors.





THE MICHIGAN FARMER, Detroit, Michigan. '





Robes. Mittens, Hugs and Vests.

Deer skins tanned for Buckskin.

Our Catalogue and Souvenir

Account Book sent free.

The Blissfield Robe & Tannin; Company,

Blissfield. Michigan.





   





 





 





 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 





MODERN

IMPROVE-

MENTS.





   

 





 

   





Ball-Bearing

Steel Pitman





   

 

 





COMPLETE

IN EVERY

RESPECT.





 

 





 





 

   

 

 

 





~THE. MICHIGAN FARMER





THE PROPER CORE OF CLOTHES.





 





BY SUSAN M.- KANE.





Perfect fitting clothes, correctly tail-

ored of substantial materiaIS, give unde-

niable satisfaction. That this peculiar

pleasure and pride that comes from

wearing clothes of a distinguishing qual-

ity may be continued during the vogue

of the article or garment, it must be

kept in the best possible condition. This

care of clothes requires money for the

professional cleaner or time and skill of

someone at home. The suggestions in

this article, if followed, will make it easy

to dispense with much of the profes-

sional’s service.





The chief requisites for the proper

care of a wardrobe are a. well padded

ironing board, Sleeve board, medium-

weight pointed iron, a stiff nail brush,

whisk broom, some talcum powder, flour,

ammonia, alcohol, chloroform, butter,

olive oil or lard, gasoline, a bottle of

bluing, time and patience. A formidable

list, but reliable.



A few general rules apply to pressing.

Brush the garment to be freshevned.

thoroughly, inside and out. Remove all

stains and spots before touching with

the iron. Dampen only a. little of the

garment at a time. uSing a sponge or

whisk broom dipped in water, lay aclean

newspaper over dampened place and

press with hot iron. Press every gar-

ment 0n the wrong side first, if possible.

Then follow the same method on the

right side. The results are fine creases,

color brought out, liniSh restored, no lint

and no ruined towels.



A dependable cleaning solution for any

Wriolen fabric, and especially good for

coat collars, sleeves. and all soiled edges

is, one ounce each of ammonia, alcohol.

and shaved castile soap, mixed well and

put into a quart of water. Apply freely

with nail brush and rinse carefully in

clear water.



Sometimes you may clean a spot from

your clothing with gasoline and find a.

ring left around the part cleaned. To

remove this steam it over a teakettle

until the ring disappears.



The aim, always, in removing spots

from clothing, whether dresses, gloves,

ribbons, or hats, is to get the article

cleaned without destroying the color or

finish of the fabric. These are most of-

ten destroyed by hard rubbing. Olive

oil and lard are great mollifiers. Moiste-n





 





creases on ribbons. collars, ties, and if

yOu are cleaning gloves, every part of

them with pure lard. Sponge away, very

gently, all dirt loosened by the lard, with

bits of soft muslin dipped in gasoline,

then rinSe thoroughly in a good quantity

of it. Gloves and unattached ribbons and

collars should be, rinsed by shaking them

in a fruit jar partly filled with gasoline.



A grease spot may be remove-d by thor-

oughly rubbing in talcum powder on

both sides of the goods. Let it stand a

few hours, brush off and rub in another

lot if needed. -



Pitch and gum are most difficult to re-

move from clothing. Spread :1 thick

cloth over it, then the fabric to be clean-

ed, gummed side up. .-\s the gum soft-

ens, press out as much as possible with

a blunt knife. Then take a piece of

soft woolen cloth and hold tightly over

the spot. Never rub it. Keep the iron

warm, not hot.



Get out the soiled white or gray felt

hat. Take, a stiff nail brush, a cup of

flour, and a quart of gasoline. Go out of

doors and give it a good scrubbing. If

you don’t mind a little extravagance in

gasoline rinse it in a fresh quantity. and

you will make a better job. Hang on the

line, when dry brush out the flour. Put

On a fresh band or turn the old one.



Fresh paint may be removed by rub-

bing a clean portion of the same gar-

ment over the stain. Old paint stains

should be thoroughly cove-red with but—

ler or olive oil, and then rubbed well with

chloroform. Hot Vinegar is better than

turpentine to remove paint from cotton

fabric“. Ink, if sponged immediately

with cold water will leave no stain, even

if spilled on white goods.



Many a blue serge suit is cast aside

because it has become shiny. Try this

remedy for it. Make a solution of water

and common bluing—two tableSpoonfuls

of bluing to one cup of water, and ap-

ply with a soft cloth. Press in the us-

ual way and the shine will vanish until

time to press again.



It is a temptation, as well as an ex-





other soiled pieces of delicate fabrics to

the dry cleaner. The work may be suc-

cessfully done at home. Make a paste

of equal parts of gasoline and flour.





 





pensive luxury, to send party dresses and,





MARCH 8, 1913.





Spread this paste on thegarmentpwith

a knife, let it stand three or four‘hours.

and then brush thoroughly. After it is.

well aired, let it lie loosely in a cloth

wrung from water. In a couple of hours

it will have absorbed enoughmoisture to

make it press nicely. Press on the wr'Ong

side with a moderately hot iron.



Trousers pressed in the following way

will look as if just from the hands 01’

the leading tailor.



After brushing, turn them insidelout.

Lay one leg on the ironing board at a.

time, with front and back crease in the

center of the leg; this will bring the

seams at the sides. Dampen, lay 3-

newspaper over the entire leg and press

until the pants are dry. This removes

all bag in knee. After pressing both legs

on the inside, turn them right side out

and lay each leg on the board separately,

folded to crease. Dampen each crease,

cover with newspaper, and press with

hot iron. I '



There are those who will be able to

get the best results from these sugges—

tions because they are impressed when

told to do a certain thing. There are

others who have_been brought up on the

Word “don’t,” and for them it may be

well to add: Don‘t put a hot iron on

any part of a Woolen or silken garment

with0ut having a paper over it; don’t

rub any kind of a stain hard; don’t hur-

ry any part of the process of cleaning;

don’t waste, nor yet be stingy in the

use of gasoline; don’t use gasoline near

a fire.





 





 





 





THE HOWELL SANATORIUM.



The Howell Tuberculosis Sanatorium is

located on a farm three miles from How-

ell. It is On a high hill, and one can look

off in every direction to a distance of 20

to 25 miles. The air is bracing and the

place inspiring to the patient who is

striving in every possible way to regain

his health. Those who are receiving

treatment at the sanatorium are very en-

thusiastic in their praise of the institu—

tion. The sanatorium is heartily support-

ed by the State Anti-tuberculosis Asso-

ciation in every way possible, and that

association urges all who are afflicted

with this disease to make early applica-

tion to Howell.



The capacity of the sanatorium is lim-

ited and is nearly all taken at the pres-

ent time, thus making quick application

advisable. The cost to the patient or the

county sending him, is $7.00 per week,

including board, room and medical care.

Incipient or early cases are preferred and





this class of patients is moSt likely to be-





cured.





 





FASHIONS BY MAY MANTON.





 





Our large Fashion Book~—c0ntaining 92

pages illustrating over 700 of the season’s

latest styles, and devoting several pages

to embroidery designs, will be sent to any

address on receipt of 10 cents.





 





NO. 6867—Men's lounging or bath robe,

34 to 46 breast.



No. 6551~—Child‘s cap, 2 to r‘. years; 478

embroidery pattern for melon ea‘pp



No. 6861—Mcn's house coat, 34 to 44

breast.



The above patterns will be mailed to

any address by the Fashion Department

of the Michigan Farmer on receipt of 10

cents for each.





 





 





 





 





Grease tinware before using it, set it





in the oven and letit get hot. It will





never rust. It is very useful with ,tin

COVers as they rust. so quickly with

steam. Grease with lard—Mrs. T. S. C.





 





 





 





‘v—v-‘V





r -V w. —v—'- Irv





+
‘_v-1-V





v' 'V w. —v—'- vvvv





+





 





 





 





     





MARCH 8, 1913.



(Continued from page 302).?



This proposition will be of interest to

members' of" farmers’ organizations of

Michigan. notably the Farmers’ Clubs,

who have repeatedly passed resolutions

favoring the enactment of such a law by

Congress. There is probably no doubt

that the constitutionality of the law will

be made an issue by the interests in-

volved, but the passage of same is a

distinct victory for the temperance ele-

ment or the country,





The farmers’ in-

stitutes. as con-

ducted in Michigan

have accomplished

a. vast amount of good to the agriculture

of thestate. Through this medium many

farmers have been inspired to the adop-

tion of better methods of conducting

th‘eim farms, and thcre is no doubt that

the investment has been a very profitable

one for the state. Also, our Michigan in~

stitutes have been so well managed that:

greater benefits have been secured at ieSs

cost than has been the case in very many

other states, if not in any other state in

the nation._ But the very impetus that

this form of instruction has given to the

agriculture of the state has caused it, in

a measure at least, to outgrow the insti-

tute as at present conducted, until it

seems probable that the time has come

when the institute as we know it should

gradually give place to something of still

higher educational value.



In this connection an experiment which

is being tried by Professor French, of the

Department of Agricultural Education at

M. A. (3., seems to promise well. This is

nothing less than a week school. (so-cali-

ed for the want of a better name), for

farmers. something like the short courses

conducted at the college. These schools

have mostly been held in the villages

where agricultural courses are given in

the high schools, for the reason that the

interest in the proposition is greater at

those points. Two good men are sent to

take charge of the school, who first give

lectures on the special lines of agricul-

ture in which the farmers of the com-

munity are most largely interested. Then

the farmers attending are asked to de—

scribe t‘he methods which they follow and

in the discusSions which follow many

facts of interest are brought out. This

gives the experts who are conducting the

school the information needed to make it

of the greatest possible benefit to those

attending. It is stated upon good au-

thority that the interest in these farmers’

schools has ‘been very keen in all of the

eighteen communities in which they have

been conducted this winter. In at least

one instance, the interest developed has

been so great, that the work will be con-

tinued by a Monday night meeting of the

school throughout the winter.



It would appear that in schools of this

character will be found the logical devel-

opment 'from our present day farmers’

institutes, in which there is too little op—

portunity for the expression and inter-

change of opinions by and between the

farmers attending. The mixing of scien-

tific principles and practical experience

which can be secured at such “schools”

cannot but prove of value to all who at-

tend them.





The Farmers’ School

vs. the Institute.





HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.

NatiOnal. .



On Friday last the Senate passed a

naval bill carrying an appropriation of

$150,000.000, which is- $14,000,000 more

than was allowed in the bill as passed

by the House.



A legislative committee of the Michi—

gan law—making body has been appointed

for, and Monday begun work on, the in-

vestigation of the methods of business

of the l’ere Marquette railroad.



The city of Cleveland, Ohio, is the first

in the country to make a complete ap-

praisal of its lJi‘Opei‘ty, and the work

shows that the municipality has outside

of streets and street improvements, over

$40,000,000 invested in realty and build-

ings.



Public officials are taking a most lib-

eral attitude toward the remedy for

'tube-rcul0sis discovered by Dr, Fried—

;nann, of Germany, who is now in New

York City, the plan being to distribute

the vaccine through government control

should experiments in the government

laboratories prove the remedy to be

what it has been claimed. Already mem-

bers of the public health bureau have

counselled with Dr. Friedmann and he

has consented to arrangements making

the above plan easy of accomplishment.



Omaha, Neb., was the scene of a hor-





rible fire last Saturday morning The

Dewey hotel. which was housing 75

guests at the time. burned. and while





it is not know how many lost their lives

the number will be above a score.

fire followed a gas explosion which was

due. it is believed, to a leaky pipe. So

intense was the heat t'hatvthe firemen

could not get, the fire under control in

less than three hours. The exact loss of





 





 





The‘





TH E MI‘c H‘I‘GAN' FARMER





life will not be known until all the debris

has been cleared away.



The business men of Jackson, Mich.,

have launched a movement designed to

have the state prison removed from its

present location because of the unpleas-

ant notoriety which it has brought upon

the municipality.



Rev. Dr. Homer, for 20 years past a

leading Methodist Episcopal clergyman of

the Detroit conference, died at his home

at Farmington last Friday night. of pneu-

monia. He was 75 years old, having been

born at Pittsburg in 1838.



Congress passed the Webb bill, which

provides for the prohibition ,of shipments

of liquor into “dry" states, over Pres-

ident Taft’s veto.



This is an exciting week at W'ashing-

ton, on account of the inauguration of

\‘i'oodrow Wilson, of New Jersey, as the

twenty-eighth president of thc United

States. Saturday, Sunday and Monday

trains were coming into the great union

depot every five minutes loaded with

people enroute to the capital city to

view t‘he ceremonies connected with the

installation of the new executive. The

city is decorated as for a gala day, the

churches and public places overflowing

with visitors, and everywhere there is

bustle because of the thousands of out-

siders in town. Governor Ferris and

party left Detroit Sunday to represent

Michigan in the functions incident to the

inauguration.



While formal announcement of the cab—

inet of the VViison administration had

not been officially made before going to

press, the following is understood to be

the list: Secretary of state, \V. J. Bryan,

of Nebraska; secretary of the treasury.

\‘i'm. G. McAdoo, of New York; attorney-

general, James C. McReynolds. of Ten-

nessee, secretary of war, Lindley M. Gar-

rison, of New Jersey; secretary of navy.

Josephus DanielS, of North Carolina;

postmaster- general, Albert S. Burlcson,

of Texas; secretary of commerce. \\'m.

C. Redfield, of.l\.’ew York; secretary of

the interior, Franklin K. Lane, of Cal-

ifornia; secretary of agriculture, David

F. Houston, of Missouri; secretary of

labor, XVilliam B. Wilson. of Pennsyl-

vania.



FOur persons were burned to death and

one burned fatally in a rooming-house

fire at Mayburg, Pa... Monday morning.

By leaping from a second-story window

45 others safely made their escape from

the flames.



E. \\'. Gerbracht, former head of the

VVilliamsburg sugar refinery, goes to

prison at Mineoia, L. I., to serve a 30-

day sentence for defrauding the govern—

ment out of sugar duties.



The failure of the \‘Vashington police to

protect a parade of several thOusand

suffragists on Pennsylvania avenue Mon-

day, resulted in the line of march being

broken by drunken rowdies. and the

women treated shamefully, 300 of whom

are reported to have fainted. —



By .reason of Congress refusing to act

in the matter of appointments by ex-

I’resident Taft, President Wilson wi"

have 1,400 public positions to fill.



A civil suit has been filed in the dis-

trict court of New York to dissolve the

coal tar interests, the charge being made

by the government under the Sherman

anti-trust law.



Money order postoflices will install a

collect on delivery plan in connection with

parcel post, commencing the first of July

next. Instructions have already been

issued and are in possession of the above

class-of postolfices. The following rules

are given: The fee for collection on a

package will be 10 cents

stamps. Packages will be

their actual stated value up to $50. Send—

er will receive a receipt showing the

office, date of mailing. the number of

the parcel and the amount to be collect-

ed. Oniy money order postoffices will re-

ceive packages for C. O. D. service and

they can only be forwarded to a money

order office. The C. 0. D. tag attached

to the package must show the amount

due the sender, the money order fee nec-

to make the remittance and the





essary

total amount \‘0 be collected.

Foreign.



After the recent stirring events in

Mexico, political affairs now seem to be

clearing up. with the provisional gov-

ernment ruling the country by an iron





hand. It was reported late last week that

11 rebel loaders and 2.500 troops have

yielded to General Huerta and taken oath

to support the new regime. It is official-

ly reported that during the fighting in

Mexico City 4,000-persons were killed

and 11,000 wounded. The government

also reports that Emilio Madero, a broth-

cr of the deposed and assassinated pres-

ident, was killed in Northern Mexico

while leading a command of rebels. Al-

fonso and Gabriel Madero, the surviving

brothers of Francisco, are counselling to-

gether in Texas as to the future move-

ments of the family. The widow and

immediate members of the family of the

late executive have arrived in Cuba. An

invitation has been forwarded to Porifirio

Diaz, former dictator of the republic

who is now in Egypt, to return to Mex—

ico, and a detachment of cadets is being

sent abroad to escort the General back

to the. land from which he was deposed

by the Maderoists, should he decide to





return.

i\o particular change is noted in the

war situation in Turkey. Sir Edward





Grey, of England, has called the ambas-

sadors of the powers together to con-

sider Turkey’s application for mediation.

The allies are firm in their demand for

the terms originally asked for—~the sur-

render of Adrianople, Scutari and Janina

and the payment of an indemnity. In the

Janina district where active fighting has

been

Greeks claim small successes.



The Japanese town of Numadzu to the

south of Tokio, was destroyed by fire

Monday. Two thousand homes and the

governmentbuildings were burned and a.

number of fatalities resulted. The prop-

erty loss is estimated at 33.500.000. \x'





 





 





No Worms Sf

In Kittitas Valley Apples .





Kittitas Valley, Washington is free from fruit pests. Here



grow the finest apples in the world, excelling in size, color,



flavor and keeping quality.



Good 1'. ‘ ”in be bought at a reasonable price. After the fifth



year a regular income of 8500 an acre can be counted on i

and there's big money in vegetables and small fruits while ’

you’re waiting. ’

The enterprising orchardist who gets into this wonderful country ,

now while it is new will never regret his move. Good orchard i

land is plentiful—the climate is temperate and healthful—— '

winters mild ——summers cool.



A new irrigation ditch, known as the Hi Line Canal, carrying

water for 75,000 acres of high-class fruit and truck gardening

land, is now under construction.



The heart of Kittitas Valley is traversed America’s newest

transcontinental line — the





CHICAGO





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





in parcel DOSL: .

insured at‘





in progress during the week the'





 





Milwaukee 89’ St. Paul





RAILWAY





Low one way colonist tickets on sale daily March 15 to April 15: low round



trip homeseekers’ tickets on sale~ the first anl third Tuesdays of every



month. Send for descriptive literature and full information.



H. W. gTEINHOFF. District Passenger Agent.



2! Maiestic Bldg” Detroit, Mich,



O. E. SHANER, Immigration Agent

750 Marquette Bldg.



F. A. MILLER. General Paso’r Agent



CHICAGO





 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 





 





$1 0 ,0 0 0.0 0

Guarantee Protects You

If this Hertzier 61: Zook Grain Drill does not satisfy

youin every way and wefail to return your money '

infull and pay freight both ways,wct‘orfeit a $10,000

local bond which our bankers hold to protect ou.

Mustn t we be mighty sure that ours is the est

ail-round drill on the market, or would we dare

2:13:33 with a 8;0.000 bond? The matter is ail

- in your aver—you can’t ossl .

We pay freight and send you the p bly lose





HER-TZLER & ZO0K





Grain Drill





On 30 Days’ Free Trial





If it satisfies you, keep it at our low rice If it 7

doesn‘t, siup it back at our expense 331d we will 1

refund all (your money or forfeit $10,000—our

bankers hol it for you. This drill sows all kinds

of grain, seed or fertilizer accurately Built for

hard work. _High, broad-tire wheels lighten diait.

Large ca acuygrain box. We also make a low-

down an plain seed drill. We sell direct from

factory—save you 820 to $50 dealer’s profits. Write

for catalog, our 810,000 guarantee and low prices.

Specialof ertoeverybodywhoamwarsrightaway

HERTZLBR a 2003 (30., Box 103 , Bellevillo, Pa.





Don't. break your back lifting. Put your engine to work.

Let. it save you time and earn money driving an





Ireland Holst

Saves one man and two horses. Strong.

heavy, durable, fully guaranteed. We al-

so build Draw, Saws, Wood Saws, Shin

pin Mills, 8 nw mills. Semi for literature.



Ireland Machine at Foundry 00.,

Norwich. N. Y.





   

 

 





   

   

 





33 State St.





 

 





 

   

 

 





 





   





uumipptn‘s FRIEND

AND GUIDEFREE





‘ Send 100 to cover postage and mailing only.

; MODERN METHODS OF TRAPPING. Govern-

ment. experts' secrets. AS DIFFERENT FROM OLD ME‘HIOOS

as an automobile is from astagccoach. 5 K ln.x8 in.

160 lilustratetkgagcs. also is 3. FAMILY DOCTOR BOOK



, MANAC w THEE CHART and ME)! RAND ll

. THE OLD SQUARE DEAL H0 E.



W!"- ones. a. 60.. Do: 5-24, "WAYNE, IND.





{tenuouuunu LIME— -





Now is the time to place your orders for the





Strongest Lima in Ohio





to benefit your soil. The Government and ex-

perimental station advocate its use Write

for prices, samples and free booklet.





The Scioio time 8:. Stone 00., Delaware. 0.





   





 





 

   

   

   

   

   

 





 





   





 





   

     





 





 

     





., ,_ . ,. g... “a-”

ill; » ~ ...;..‘.._ ‘ ~ c.

l“,‘..m t. ‘ ‘ ' ‘ d ‘- I

W .. “mun... __,__,.._.,-.





 





 





 





 





 





ALWAYS mention the MICHIGAN FARMER

when won are writing (advertisers.





”(Zn/elf.—





and/WW





This fork i? absolutely different in both principle

and operation from any other hay fork built. It’s





lhe only fork that grips a big load and holds it true-the only

tori: that Works equally well in all kinds of hay.





The on! fork that is a perfect success In Cl

Alfalfa. Straw and all short stuffiover.





Louden’s Balance Grapple For-K

lifts half a ton of dry Clover or Alfalfa. It carries bigger





loads,wiih less dribbling, and moves hay faster than any other hay fork on



. the market. Good in th; barn or for stacking in the field.



You also need LOUDBN’S JUNIOR HAY CARRIER. the powerful, all

' metal carrier that never sticks and CAN'T BE BROKEN DOWN



See them at your Dealers, or write us for caialrg tcilin all about our





 





 





 





 





LS

{MI/Maj”

finer; Dr]; Sher-twill—





   

   

 





 

 





“ £0 L r :y.

ffixf.

x'fll j ""9.





‘7." full





 





grin», ., .2 3‘ 5 line of Modern flay Tools d B E ' I ; St II 6

.Qi’ffzgzfli" gmwaaffi \\ ‘ Stanchiona. Litter Carriermllloxiir fl:;:er:.u2'i':)egksfifi BOXRNHPIIAIJIE.

.._“~~-- ”if ' \t LOUDEN MACHINERY 00..





 





l l. *m:

lbs-L“: ‘





303 Van Broadway, PMPIELD. IOWA.





 





 





 





 





 





z/r‘mizu 702/ -
THE MICHIGAN FARMER





 





MARCH»’8, 1913.





 





 

 

   





Northern





SALZEIK’S Grown

ALFALFA





The farmer’s “get-rich-quick” cro . Can be

grown in any state in the Union. A falfa is the

crop of the future—no! the crop of the present.

Salzer’s Alfalfa is Northern Grown—accli-

mated. Hardy, luxuriant. Has three times the

feeding value of Red Clover and Timothy. If



you keep cattle, ho s or sheep, you should

plant Alfalfa. ut be sure you get

Salzer’s famous Twentieth Century



strain, with United States Government

purity test of 99.85 per cent.





You have to get it direct from us. We have

no agents or dealers:thereby save you com-

missions. We give you the lowest prices

and highest quality. Send for quotations.





Salzer’s Earliest

3%.... Potato





The monarch of general purpose potatoes.

Northern .Grown. Ten days ahead of

Early Ohio. and other “earliest" sOrts.

Reliable yielder. Good size. Splendid

keeping. The potato for every potato-

growmg district. north or south. We

handle all reliable varieties. Prices

always the lowest. Get our figures



/ and change your seed stock this

year while potato prices are low.





Salzer’s Famous

Silver Barley





King



We are the largest growers of Seed

Barley in the world. Our Seed

Barley is .at the .top for yield

and quality. Quick to mature.

Fabulous yield of 175 bushels

of 50 pounds per acre. Catalog

contains sworn statements of



growers. Send for it.





Salzer’s Pedigree

Fertile Farm Seeds





We are America’s largest growers

of farm seeds—Alfalfa, Clovers.

Grass es, Oats, Rye, Barley,Wh eat.

Potatoes. Seed Corn, Onions, To-

matoes, Peas, Beans, etc. All

seeds are Northern grown and

grown under our eye and our

care. on the lands famed for its

Red Clover. No seeds shipped

before being thoroughly twice

tested for vitality and trueness to

type. You will find what you

want in our big catalog and

premium list. Copy tree to



you on request.





with





SALZ Rs





Seeds





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 





Salzer’s





Rejuvenated White

Bonanza Oats





has stood at the top for

more than twenty years.

It won $500.00 in gold open

to the world for the heaviest

yielding oats. We have re-

juvenated this oat and the

result is an oat stronger in

straw. healthier. larger,

plumper, meatier kernels,

yielding from 20 to 60 bushels

per acre more than_ any other

oat known! There is no finer.

plumper. handsomer oat grown

in the United States.





10 Big Sample

Packages 10c





For ten cents we gladly mail one

package each new 81,000 MarquOis

Wheat, Twentieth Century Alfalfa,

Rejuvenated Bonanza Oats. Silver

King Barley and other farm seed pack-

ages, together with our great seed book.

Our 1913 catalog is bigger and better than ever.

You can get valuable articles for the farm.

home or personal use, as premiums, free. Send

for this catalog. It is free for the asking. But,

remember, now is the time to send your dime

for our great farm seed offer.





10!“ A. SALZER SEED C0.

135 So. Eighth St., LaCrosse, Wis.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 





 

 

   





 





B , S are scilipplied every

year irect to more

‘ urpee s eeds American planters

than are the seeds of any other growers. Do your seeds

come direct from Philadelphia?

make your acquaintance. Simply send us your address

(a postal card will do) and you will receive BURPEE‘S

ANNUAL FOR l9l3,—a bright book of ISO pages, which

has long been recognized as “The Leading American

Seed Catalog." Kindly write today! Address





 

 

 

 





   





If not, we would like to.





 





INSECTS OF THE FRUIT GARDEN.





 





Currant Worm or Currant Sawfly.





This destructive insect is the larva of

a. small fly which appears in large num-

bers in the early part of summer. The

fly itself is a little larger than the com-

mon house fly and is of a yellowish ap-

pearance. It arrives about the time the

first leaves come out on the currant

bushes and lays its small white eggs on

the under side of the leaf, usually on the

midrib or larger veins. These eggs hatch

in a week or ten days into small light

green worms which immediately attack

the leaves. Since the eggs are laid on

the lower leaves the larvae attack these

first and gradually work their way up-

wards. For this reason their presence

is usually not noticed until the bush is

nearly stripped. As the larvae grow

larger they change to a dark green color,

and when full grown, are covered with

black spots. Ifsually there are two or

three broods a year but in the northern

part of~Michigan there is seldom more

than one.





Remodies.——This insect is very easily

controlled by applications of any arseni-

cal spray, such as arsenate of lead, or

Paris green. These poistms will do all

right for the first application but as the

Second brood may come when the fruit

is about ready to pick they are not de-





glIm”nunIIumImlmunuuummlmmuuumiImimuumi:muuumnumnmmmmmmImmmMnnuIImmnnunumlmumzzmmi:mmmuImmlunmnlmmminimulmmmmnmmmiis





Horticulture.





filllllllllllllllll|IIllllllHIH]I|lH1lllllllilllllIiilillllllllill]lIlHilllHilll|”IllIllllIlllIHIlllllllllll|HimHlllllilIIHIllllll|Ill||I”Ill!lllllll”HilllIllllIHlllllIllllHIl||Ill|IIIIIIlllllllllllllllllllll!lIHIlilllllllillllllilllll!!ll ,





 





is





stroys all the young larva and eggs and

thus lessens the number of insects the





next| year.

Raspberry Sawfly or Slug.

This is a black, four-winged fly that





may be seen among the bushes in May

or early‘June. It lays its eggs within

the leaf uSually near the veins. These

eggs hatch into whitish looking larva

which later become dark green and cov-

ered with soft spines. \Vhen full grown

they are about one-half. inch long.

Remedy—Spray with senile arsenite,

such as arsenate of lead, or Paris green

or with hellebore. Use the same strength

as was given for the current worm.

The White Grub of the Strawberry.

This is the worst insect pest of the

strawberry. It is the larva of the large,

dark-brown June bug that may often be

seen in numbers flying around electric

lights in the. month of June. There are

two types of these beetles, the second

form being of a silvery white color. This

form is not so common as the dark-brown





type. In both cases it is the larva that

work havoc in the strawberry patch.

They eat off the roots of the plant so





that an apparently healthy plant will wilt

and then dry up. It is usually more de-

structive in the older beds, but newly set

beds are sometimes badly infested.

Remedy—Since the insect works be-

neath the surface of the ground the- rem-

edies are preventive rather than cura-





 





 





 





 





sireable to use at that time. For, the

secOnd brood white hellibore is usually

used at the rate of one-half ounce to a.

gallon of water or it can be used as a

powder and dusted on. In our own prac-

tice we spray the currant bushes at the

same time and with the same material

that we use on the apple trees, namely,

Bordeaux mixture and arsenate of lead.

Tne Currant Borer.

The adult form of this insect is a blue





 





 





 





W. ATLEE BURPEE & C0., Burpee Buildings, Philadelphia

CORN BELT





New cannot LODGE oat o





 

 

 





     





:—is a record breaker—bred to suit conditions

in the Corn Belt. Positively the largest berried

and heaviest yielding oat in the world.

Strongest straw—thinnest hull and matures

10 to 14 days earlier than any other. Grain

white and wonderfully rich in protein and oils.





GARTONS NO. 5





Send 25c for half pound Sample and Coupon





 

 





Prices Below All Others





 





   





fill. Buy and test.





 

 

 





   

 





 

 





$30.3: 'gli‘codzooli'tilheo mi? 335?: $333.1? 6». ~ 3'9 93‘2““! FREE

annroucoopza seen co. Over 700 illustrations of vege-

36 H'“ “n“ SUGAR GROVE "'L' . tables and flowers. Send yours

2 BUSHELSACR “ k ' - and your neighbors’ addresses.

1 0 To TH E R. H SHUMWAY Rockford, Illinois.





 





   





on SEEDS





BEST II THE WORLD





.. ; I will give a lot of new

’3 : sorts free with every order 1

Return if

not 0. K.—money refunded.





 





wasp-like moth which usually appears in

the early summer and lays it‘s eggs near

the tips of the young currant shoots.

These hatch into small white grubs which





burrow down into the center of the

shoots. It eats out the pith and forms

a tunnel which may be seen when the





shoots are cut off. Since. infested shoots

have a weak and sickly appearance they

can be easily distinguished. They should

he cut off and burned.

San Jose Scale.



This insect is Very partial to currants,

but as currant bushes can easily be

sprayed, it can be kept in check by ap-

plications of lime and sulphur solution.

Since the strong solution is the one used

it must be applied in the early spring





 





 





S _ Best For Over

loo Years





Four generations of fruit tree growing experi-

. . ' _ roe oi charge.

. Don't: experiment With fruit trees of unknown .productiveness, uncertain

quality. Stark .Trees sin/aye ay big. The secret is in Stark Brothers’ per-





ence, boiled down, is ready for you absolutely





feet method of growmg, transplanting, packing and shipping.





50 Years Ahead of Any Other Nursery in America

Why don’t you take advantage of our 5

_ mont? All Advice Free to You.

ific methods of preparing your soil for biggest profits: .

how to prune your trees, give on best methods of Stark cultivation;

how to spray the Stark way. e make your orchard a winner and a

fig money maker. Write us at: once for St

fruit tree literature and statistics. Write today.





’ N ’ D O o o o s

Stark Bra 3 "race; gamma a..~...°..*.....i2as...m. m





BEE SUPPLIES and BERRY BASKETS





Bee-Hives. Sections. Foundo- Berry Baskets and 16 t. "be?

tion. Smokers. etc. Beeswax board Crates. the best ye . Hot;-

wanted. Send for fully illustro - Bed Sash made of cypress. Bend

ed catalog. , for basket. catalog.





“M. H. HUNT Ii SON. 400 Condlt $1., LANSING. MIG".





ear Book, compl =





 





 

   





before the leaves come out.

The Raspberry Cane Bor‘er.



This insect is a small slender black

beetle about one-half inch in length. It

will be first noticed in June when the

tips of some of the young raspberry

shoots will be found in a wilted condi-

tion. This is caused by two or more

rows of punctures between which the

beetle lays its eggs. As the puncture

extends around the stem the supply of

water is cut off and the shoot wilts. These

eggs hatch into small larvae which bur-

row down through the: center of the

stalk. By fall the insect has reached the

roots where it passes the winter.

Remedy—Cut off the wilted shoots

three or four inches below the punctures

and burn. The canes that wilt and die





during the latter part of summer should

also be cut out and burned.





This de-





 





cost of drilling and tubing.





Views of Well, Trenches and Celery Field of an Indiana lrrlgatlon System.





tive. As old sod land is liable to be bad-





ly infested it is poor policy to plant

strawberries on such land. Fall plowing,

by exposing the larva to the action of





the frost, will destroy large numbers.

Strawberry Leaf Roller.

The adult form of this insect is a.

small brown moth which appears in the

early spring and lays its eggs upon the





leaves of the strawberry plant. In a few

days these hatch into greenish brown

larva which are about one-half inch





long when full growu. then mature- they

spin webs which make the leaves roll up.

They then eat out the soft tissue of the

leaf and the remainder turns a. reddish

brown, giving the plants a burned ap—

penrance.



Remedy—Spray the leaves with Paris

green during .=\ugust at which time the

second brood appears. Cutting and burn—





ing the foliage is also a good remedy. This

should be done immediately after the

fruiting season.





Emmet CO. C. W'.





LINDSLEY.

USES ARTESlAN WELL FOR IRRI-

GATING CELERY LAND.





 





 





The accompanying picture shows one

Of the uses to which an Indiana farmer

put an artesian well, or rather one of

the wells he discpvered on his land, for

he had three of them. The picture illus-

trates that he irrigated a celery garden

and other crops during dry weather.



The little picture in the foreground

shows one of the wells and gives an

idea. of the volume of the flow, and at

each side are shown ditches through

which the water is kept flowing out upon

the celery ground as long as desired.



The water from the top of the tube

was conducted to various parts of the

field by means of short sections of gal-

vanized corrugated pipe which are eas-

ily extended by slipping one into another.

Each of the three wells on the. place

cost about $60 each, which included the

One ofythe
MARCH ‘8. 1913.





 





THERE’Sawide

difference in qual-

ity between Devoe 8c





Raynolds Co..’s Pur





C





Paris Green and a good

deal of the paris green





offered you.





Use ‘ ‘Devoe”





and take





no chances on the poorer





articles.





You’ll find Devoe Arsenate

of Lead and Devoe Lime and

Sulphur Solution two of the

best sprays for fruit trees that





are made.





If your dealer doesn’t handle

Devoe goods, write us direct.





Devoe 8c Raynolds Co.





‘171 West Randolph St

Chicago

New York





Largest makers of pure paints





Kansas City





 





   





it Best Early liar





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





lected and tested they are.

HERE'S on Proposition

R

DEN

each of Vaughan’s Egyptla

tnce. Cardinal F o r c i n





&

seed V

‘1. White



4 aloe 10c.





 

 

 

 





ghan's





.. OUR NEW CATALOG

“the finest ever published (160 pages)





en ?





THAT’S WHAI‘ VAUGHAN'S





nearly forty years. Hal a In“-

lion ardene ‘p l a 136:8 d with

VAU HAN'S ARI . TIES last





season prove how carefully se—





THAT EARLY GAR-

OF YOURS—l packet





n





Beet. Grand Rapids Let-





Ba‘dish.Earllana Tomato



or Green Onions from



au Ideal



Globe withpat-

(





5'. . . l_l_sts and describes the [cry best there

Is in Grains. Vegetables. Flowers. Bulbs. Plants





Shrubs and Trees.





Four color plates photo-





phed from nature. It contains many novel-





es for the garden you can‘t buy elsewhere.





VAUGHN’ S SEED STORE





31-33 ‘V. Randolph St... CHICAGO.





 





MONEY-

SAVING-





Dept. K.

Contains information

about tree growing that

yOu sliould have before placing your order. it means

money in lifl'l: pocket.

, . now.

‘ mph :3 i’EAR COLLECTION FOR s1

1 each—Tyson. Clap . Bartlett. Flemish Beauty. Howell,

Seckei. Sheldon. An on. Lawrence. 9 trees 2 year:

old. 5 to 7 feet $1. . .

We guarantee all trees true to name and

\free from scale. Wrste or our Catalog

and prics List of Selects Steels.

MOREY NURSERIES,





J. B. ,

55 State Street. Dansville. N. Y. ‘\





 





Don't order until you write for





,.





 





 

 





Contains much valuable information as





well as many bargains in Apple. Peach. Pear. Plum.

Cherry and other fruit trees. Buy direct and save agent‘s





profit of or more.





 





12 APPLE TREES 980.





Banana All line. 2-year tn

trees. guaranteed variety true or





 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 





Reliable





REILLY BROS. NURSERIIS.

Tr e e 5





I01 Reilly Reed. Dansvllle. FLY.





2 Duchess, 2 Baldwin, 2 Ben Davis. 2

Northern Spy. 2 Greening. 2 Winter

ll-l'ootod





money back. Write for Oshleg law.





 

 

   

   

   

 

 

 

 





 





l. Pssdrl’lrsl-clsss 3 ts 4ft. for 60 cuts





3 Elberts. 2 Champion. 2 L. Crawford.

2 Crosby. l Greens

Other sizes accordingly. Fro

Guaranteed. Send for

m





 





bore.

ht Paid and

hole-





 





 





tel»





56» 0s

assets-swings, ss- isuus per use





These are s

my new we Cs

V Mar,

Grass Seed. Seed . ,

Trees, Small [suits sad waerisg Shrubs. t ”Md

Clo tree orders. We have no agent. Send to: o;

Gonna llsrssrlss sud Seed liens. lulu. lam





rssssndll‘srm





 





few examples of the reekvbottom ees noted in

Lisp all kinds of nurses-grime: such as



Seed. “hits, Clover, Field



Corn and Grain, Fruit and Forest





today.

“0".





 





'/





THE-MICHIGAN FARMER





wells was used entirely for washing veg-

etables and was enclosed inside of a.

wash house with concrete basins.



In Berricn count'y, Michigan, in the

vicinity of Paw Paw lake and VVater-

vliet, the farmers have found valuable

wells, the water of which, besides fur-

nishing all householdand stock watering

needs, is used for other purposes. Not

all of the wells have artesian flows, but

some of them send up a never ceasing

supply. The water is cool in summer.

and in winter it is of_ a proper tempera-

ture for stock watering.



Illinois. J. L. GRAFF.





0N PRUNING THE FRUIT TREES.





 





Pruning so as to maintain a balance

between fruit production and wood

growth is of Vital importance. If the

soil is very fertlile or especially rich in

nitrogen, the wood producing functions

tend to'Crowd out the fruit producing

functions; or if the soil is poor, fruit

production is encouraged at the expense

of wood production. and the vitality. of

the tree is affected. This ,may result in

premature death.



Prune regularly and lightly every year

when growth is dormant, at any time

between the fall of the year and the

bursting of the buds, although this work

is usually beSt done in the early spring

just before the. sap rises. “'heu pruning

bearing trees. cut out all the dead wood,

and if the top branches are thickly in-

terlaced and form a dense mass through

which the sun cannot penetrate, thin

out carefully. \Vhen pruning a tree set

out last spring, thin out all the weak





shoots, leaving several of the strongest.

which must be headed back about a.

third.





Too severe pruning frequently gives a.

backset to an old tree. The younger the

tree the better it will stand being severe-

ly pruned. If the soil is very rich and

the water supply good, the trees will

stand a more severe pruning than if the

conditions are otherwise.





New York. T. A. TEFFT.





TREES FOR LOW SANDY LAND.





 





I have a. piece of’ bottom 121ml of a

sandy nature. which floods everything.

I would like to plant this to nut trees if

I could get some goml commercial nut

that will thrive in such a location. “Till

chestnuts grow on low land? \Vill catal-

pa trees do well on low land and which

is the best variety for this climate?



Van Buren Co. B. A.



Low fertile land which is apt to'be

flooded for some time during the spring

and fall could advantageously be planted

to Carolina Poplar, or White Cedar, and

if the floods were not too severe, Black

Walnut might be used to advantage. For

such location, however, I would prefer

the Carolina Poplar as it is one of the

fastest growing of our native trees. hav-





ing belen knowtn 'to make 15 inches

growth in diameter in 17 years. The

American Chestnut requires a well-





drained upland gravelly loam and has

dope well throughout the southern sec-

tion of this state. W’here- nuts are de-

sired, a largé number of trees should he

planted as the sexes are separate. Catal-

pa speciosa will do well in this state on

low rich land if not subject to winter

killing, but will makaonlya slight growth

on high dry sandy uplands.

Mich. Ag. Col. J. FRED BAKER.





CIRCASSIAN WALNUT AND ‘TS SUB-

STITUTES.





 





The United States is probably the

largest consumer of Circassian walnut,

one of the world’s best known and most

expensive cabinet woods.



The high cost of Circassian walnut is

due to the scarcity of the beautifully

figured variety demanded for furniture

and interior finish. for the: tree itself is

more widely distributed than almost any

other of commercial importance. The

demand for the beSt wood, however,. has





always outrun the supply. Even in the

eighteenth century. when wars in Eu-





rope were frequent, so much Circassian

walnut Was used for gunstocks that the

supply was seriously depleted. Early in

the nineteenth century the wood of 12,000

trees was uSed for this purpose alone.

Single trees, containing choice burls or

fine bird's-eye figures have sold for more

than $3,000.



The tree is native to the eastern slopes

of the Caucasus and ranges eastward to

the foothills of the Himalaya mountains,

from which it extends southward to

northern India and the mountains of up-

per Burma. It has been widely planted

in Europe and the United States, in this

country under the name of English wal-





 





 





nut. The wood growu here. however,

has not the qualities demanded by the

cabinet and furniture maker. Much of

the Circassion walnut now used comes

from the Black Sea and from other parts

of Asia.



According to a. circular just issued by

the forest service the demand for Cir-

cassian walnut has resulted in the,sub-

stitution of other woods. Our own red

gum is often sold as Circassian walnut.

and butternut is also similar in general

appearance to the less highly figured

grades. Many good African, Asian, and

South American woods resemble Circas—

sian walnut, though none possesses the

magnificent figure, delicate t'ones, and

velvety texture of the. latter. The circu-

lar discusses the supply and uses of Cir-

cassian walnut, and those who wish to

know how possible substitutes may be

distinguished can learn from this circular

the distinctive marks which the govern-

ment's experts have discovered.





 





USING FILLERS lN APPLE ORCHARD

——VARIET|ES.





I wish to plant five acres of apple trees

and .between each row of trees I am go-





ing to plant a peach tree. \‘Vould this

be advisable? Vl'hat kind of apple trees

would you advise? I have plenty of

Duchess. “'hat kind of peaches would

you advise?

Kalamazoo Co. Mrs. M. ii.

\Vhile certain advantages are offered





by the use of fillers between permanent

apple trees the scheme does not meet

with general favor among successful

growers. The advantage comes in better

occupying the lzmd while the trees are

coming to bearing age and in securing

an earlier revenue from the plantation than

“'Ould be the case where the main fruits

are waited upon. The disadvantage lies

in not being able to give the trees the

right kind of treatment where two kinds

of fruits are grown upon the same land.

In the case submitted it will be found

that one or the other of the fruits would

be apt to suffer; for to protect against too

large development of buds on the peaches

in the autumn which would expose them

to danger of frcczing. the land must not

be rich in plant fertility, while with the

apple trees a fairly strong-soil is re—

quired. Then, too, in time of nced, mois—

ture and plant food will be competed for

by the two crops. The most satisfactory

use of fillers is where the same Species

of fruit is used. This is done by plant—

ing early bearing varieties like '\\'agcncrs

as fillers among the permanent trees.

The following are standard varieties

of apples: Early Harvest, led Astra-

chau, Yellow Transparent. Golden Sweet,





Fameusc, “Wealthy, Rhode Island Green-

ing, Baldwin, Grimes, Hubbardston,

Northern Spy, W'ugener, and Yellow

Bellcfiowcr. Of pouches these may be-





suggcslcd: Alexander, Fitzgerald, Moun-

lain Rose, Eearly and Late Crawford,

Solway and Smock. '





 





CATALOG NOTICES.





 





The Lowe Brothers’ Company. 499 East

Third Street, Dayton, Ohio. makers of

“High Standard" Paint and “Mellotonc.”

are sending out some interesting and

valuablc books on painting and dccoral-

ing. The booklets are prepared by ex-

perts and the principles of good paint-

ing and artistic decoration are illustrat-

cd in actual lcolors. They are sent free

to all who write for them, mentioning

this paper.



Henderson’s Garden Guide, published

by Peter Ilenderson & 00., 35-37 Cort-

landt St., New York. is a 64-page book

containing information on the culture of

all kinds of garden crops, including flow-

ers, as well as vegetables. It also con-

tains information on making and main-

tuining lawns and grass. plots, home can-

ning of vegetables for winter use. and

has space for a garden record. When

writing for this valuable phamplet men-

tion the Michigan Farmer.





Vi'alicr A. Wood Mowing & Reaping

Machine COmpany. of Hoosick Falls,

New York, publish a handsomely il-

lustrated catalog of 64 pages, illus-

trating and describing in detail their

line- of harvesting machines, including

binders, mowers. hay rakes, tedders,

disc and floating barrows, culltivators, ma-

nure Spreaders, gas engines, etc. Write

for a copy. mentioning the Michigan

Farmer.



The Storrs & Harrison 00., Paines-

ville Nurseries, Painesville, Ohio, publish

a spring catalog for 1913 illustrating and

describing a full «line of garden and flow-

er seeds and ornamental plants as well as

fruit and ornamental trees. shrubs, vines,





etc. This catalog contains 170 pages and

is profusely illustrated with half-tone

engravings reproduced from nature.





Write for this catalog,

Michigan Farmer.



The Seed Annual for 1913, published by

D. M. Ferry & 00., Seedsmen, Detroit,

Mich, is a. 100—page book profusely illus-

trated_with,half—tone cuts and collored

plates-listing a full line of farm. garden

and flower seeds carried by this well-

known firm- Mention this paper when

writing for the booklet. *' '





mentioning the





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





F. 0. B. Factory or Our Warehouse at

Bloomington. Ill. Indianapolis. Ind. Madison.Wis.

Kansas City. Mo. Columbus. Ohio Toledo._ 0hl0

DesMoines. Iowa Sioux Falls. 8. D St. Louis. Mo.



Minneapolis. Minn. Omaha. Neb.





“Flyin Dutchman”

he W





or d's Best Variable Drop





CORN PLANTER





FREE BOOKLET showing Planter in 4 colors.

Write today and see your Flying

Dutchman Dealer.





MOLINE PLOW CO.





Dept. 26 MOLINE. ILLINOIS





 





 





 





 





SKIPPED HILLS RAISET

up POTATOES





Every hill you miss in planting

means money lost out 0

your pocket. No ma-

chine can plant per-

fectly unless there

is he n d cor-

rection of

misses





a I]

dou b-

e S I

I0 to 50

bushels

more to





p ie c e



e v e r y space



. and one only. No ;



_ PlefHS used—no in- .



July to seed. Perfect ‘

placing 0f seed and uniform

spacxng (.an’t you see that

it must pay for itself?

rite for new booklet.



- . “100 p" cent potato .

flrznting."We makefull ;

line Potato Machines. .,

Garden Tools. Sprayers, .

etc. ’



“TERM M’F'G co. ;



Box 1045 Grenloch. l. .l-





in





 





Kept One. Year On 1 Acre of

Eureka Corn. This seed corn yielded over 70 tons on

one acre in Nil—enough to feed seven cows a whole

year. Latest Eureka corn crops expected to beat even '

this record—mo other com has ever equalled it.



UREKA CORN

grows tallest—has mosl leaves—more ears .

Why plant ordinary corn that yields only 15 to 25 tons

an. acre, when you can get 70 tons an acre at same .

price. Write for our 1913 catalog quotations and

list of our wonderful varieties o big-yielding corn





and seeds.

ROSS 33.08 00.. 312:0!“ 8%.. Worcester, Mass.





Best for windbreaks. Protect crops and stock.

Keep house and barn warmer—save fuel—save

iced. Hill's evergreens are hardy. nursery- ’

grown—low priced. Get Hill's iree illustrated

evergreen book and list of Great Bargain OI-

lers—irom $4.50 up per Thousand. 56 years

experience.World's largest growers. Write.



I). HILL NURSERY 00., Inc. "1""



930 Cedar St.. Dundee. Ills. ”mum“-





 





Seed Oats, Speltz

Barley, Alfalfa, Tim-

othy, Clover, Rape,

Soy Beans, Cow Peas,



Canadian Field Peas, Hun-



garian Millet, Sugar



one, Buckwheat, Seed



Potatoes. eta. quality iirst



class. 1100 sores. Uood farm



seed catalog and samples” wanted free. Write





us before you buy.

W N. Scar-If. New Csrllsle. Ohio





WHOLESALE PRICES;





- On 81 worth and up. Strawberry. Raspberry.

‘ Blackberry. Bush Plants. Grape Vines. and Garden Roots.

Extra heavy rooted. high grade stock. No better

‘ plants can be grown. Everything fully guaranteed.

' Catalog free.



A. A- WESTON dc 00.. Bridgman. Michigan





 





 





   

   

   

   





 





*‘x .

fi"~’l\ Farm Seeds 332:;

Ilfir ”3% Medium Mammoth and A l s i k e





l u ,...

.u

~.-'.'.‘...





\u , I Clover.Timothy.Grasses.Beans.etc.

LA.’ 0. c. ssarm co..9 m Ave.,lledina. o.





STRAWBERRY PLANTS THAT GROW





All Standard Varieties. Also RASPBERRY. BLACKBERRY,

CURRANT and GRAPE Plants and ASPARAGUS Roots in

ASSORTMENT. WARRAITED TRUE-TO-NAME. and of

GRADE represented Catalogue with Cultural Instructions Free

c. E. WHITTEN, BOX l4, IRIDGMAN. MICHIGAN.





—1oo varieties—82 or 1000.

Strawmrfy Plants Early and late aegd pot...

toes. asparagus roots. All as‘grow—at bargains.

Catalog free





as and

J G. PBEgTAGE. Allexan, Mich.

Outhbert—yourorde f -

Raspbelg ”IBIS ity filledvby the larggstorirbgligg:?dr

8





Detroit rket. For information and rl it.

A. L. SNOOK. Overlook Farm Rochester: filthlgan?

—Flower. nd





SE E D m... was; ..





'_——_ 0nd lfl't f t f

prices. ALLEN a sons. “ w" 5 °'





 





GENEVA. omo

The Berlin“ Quart Our Specialty ‘





A WHITE package which insures

highest prices for your fruit.

Write for 1913 catalog show-

ing our complete line, and secure

your BASKETS. muss, etc. at

WINTER DISCOUNTS '

The Until "I!" I0! Ell.

Isrlls some. Ollie.

OB BALE—Hurdle Power 8 rsyer. Inflfit class

condition .ofl?’ used per-to! Two seasons. “ endow. ‘

land Farm. Waterman e Waterman. Ann Arbor. Mich,
;





 





 





 





318—‘30





STRAWBERRIES





Grow Your Own

the Kellogg Way





KELLOGG’S BIG RED

strawberry garden will

produce all the strawber-

ries your entire family

can eat, summer and win-

ter, at a cost of one cent

per gallon. It contains ex-

tra early. early, medium and

late varieties.

ers. Berries extra large sweet

and delicious. You can ave fresh

strawberries andcream. shortcake.

preserves.





 

 





/





 

 

 

 

 





1 heavy fruit-





Jam and canned berries





the year round. Help yourself and eat all you want.





LET US RESERVE A GARDEN FOR YOU before





they are all sold. Our special delivered price is less





than $3.00. This



quarts’of berries eac .

will fruit for three years. When it is time .

make garden, we will deliver your plants prepaid.





den will yield about 500

season. and with good care

or y





all pruned and ready for setting.





OUR BEAUTIFULLY ILLUSTRATED BOOK of

instructions, our thirty years of strawberry experience

and full information about the Kellogg Way bf mak-

ing a strawberry garden is yours for the asking.





ll. M. Kellogg 00., Box 575 Three Rivers, Mich.





 

 

 





 





splendid bargains and valuable advice. helps planters to

better paying orchards.

Celery City Nurseries, Box 22 Kalamazoo.





Look as well as the finest western pro-

duct and their quality is better. Our

trees are hardy, and disease-resisting.

They have strong roots and sturdy



trunks with many branches. Abund-



, ant crops are the rule from Kalamazoo trees.

Fruits bring highest prices.





Money-Saving Catalog

Describes and illustrates our FREE

’ mmpleteline of trait trees, and berry plants.





We grow all the best Ornamental Shrubs, Roses,

Climbers, Hardy Plants, etc. Catalog offers





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

   





Write for your free copy today.

Mich.





0!] to,





 





 





f 7"”? 1 m =5 “' “r





 

 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 





Seven lb pkg,elther variety, enough for

1 acre prepaid to any add rose. for $1.00. Wli

increase your yield 60 per cent. Large illus-

trated catalog and special seed corn circular



roe.





\ Grown selected. cured, ‘

. graded and tested by us.

Planted in all parts of the

' “\ world where corn is grown.





\, .





IOWA SEED 00. Dept. 62 Des Kaine Ia.





 





 

 

 

 

   

 

 

 





 





 

 

 





l





 





\





l, .

b9





lation.



We pay freight. Extra profit pays forthc machine.



Write today for our big free catalog, spraying guide

and special free offer to first in each locality.





 

 





\u 0N FREE TRIAL

No money in advance—no bank

deposit. Horse and Man Power

Sprayers or field and orchard. Barrel and

Power Sprayers. High pressure, thorough agi-

Buiit to last. Guaranteed for 5 years.





 





THE H. L. HURST MFG. COMPANY.

241 North St., Canton. Ohio.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

   

   

   





THErMICHIGAN FARMER





 





Dnadulterateil _





No matterhow valuable your

land. No matter how much you

v weed, hoe and dig. No inst.-



’ ter how much the sun shines

or how much it rains. nor how



on irrigate your *land:

l these things repre-

sent money. Your efforts are

all in vain and the money lost

it you get cheap seed. Why take

a chance even it you get

your seed for nothing, on

stale, low-germination test in-

ferior seed when you can get





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 





 





 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





only one quality—no second or

third grades





500 “'57.???" lllc





‘ All packed in big envelope

which is good as part payment

on future orders. Good for 25s

on orders of $1.000r more. Col-

' lection contains one regular 100

ackct each of Champion

Ickle Cucumbers. Match-

less Tomatoes, Prize Head

Lettuce, ,Southport Globe

Onions and largeO-B Mined

Sweet Peas. Nothing like

equal value ever ofi‘ered before.





FREE SEED BDDK

‘ ' llew--DriginaI--lliiferent

‘ Here's the greatest seed boo]:

- of the year—special field arti-





'\ clcs by Prof. M. L. Bowman.

i. recognized authority on





 





code.



Send for it today. enclosing

lllc for our famous 500 coin

lection of Pure seeds

Vlriie to Box 3433





 

 





Galloway Bros. l

Bowman CO.

Waterloo low . .





MICHIGAN VARIETIES





s s y e 9



Crown for Michigan 3 Sod and Climate.



We offer stock of superior 'quality, every tree

true to name and guaranteed to reach purchaser

in fresh, live condition.

Young Fruit Trees, Berry Plants,



Roses, Shrubs and Evergreens

are fully described in our latest catalog. Itis

free to anyone who expects to plant nursery

stock in tlie‘spring. Address: ’

The Michigan Nursery Company,

Winkworth 6: Sons,



Monroe, Michigan.





1



BIG seen 300K FREE



Just out, Contains

92 pages of valuable and useful information with

prices on implements and ALL KINDS OFSEEDS,

including Alsikc. Alfalfa. Crimson. White, Red and

Sweet Clover; Timothy, Grass and Field Seeds, Bur-

ley, Seed Oats. Seed Corn. and a complete line of

Vegetable and Garden Seeds. Simply send your

name and address on a postal to





THE HENRY PHILIPPS SEED & lllll-

PLEMENT 00., Dept. 0, Toledo, Ohio





ALFALFA SEED





‘ Northern Grown Dry Land Stock.

99%% pure.

991%70 germination.





U. 8. Department of Agriculture test.

Also Choice Sand or Winter Vetch.

EDW. E. EVANS. West Branch. Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





with its long, narrow rows that require thor-

ough and constant working,M UST have tools

that are easy to adjust and operate: that sow, and

cultivate perfectly. Many farmers who have steam

healt and a telephO' e are still using old-lashioned

too 3.





’ l ”2-00—01" N0. 6 Combined will sow in continuous





THE MODERN GARDEN





Do YOU use a hand hoe?

Seed Drills and





RONAG' Wheel Hoes





save half time. make bigger and better crops .

The View shows one of 38 combinations from $2.50 to





rcws or iii hills, cultivate. weed, hoe, ridge, open

furrows, etc. Parts changed quickly. Can pur-

chase in simplest form and add to as needed.

Ask your dealer to show these tools and write

us for new booklet, “Gardening With Mod-

ern Tools." We make full line ofpotato

niacliiues.sprayers for all purposes.etc.

Estonian M'i’g 00.

Box 1011

Grcnlocii,n.J.





   

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 

 





0..

h" ,





Hill.





In DAY

rchardiest





.‘ _ 'I'AHI. SPRAYERS





We will ship you any Barrel Spray-

ing Outfit in our catalog for a then

ough Ten-Days' FREE Test. i





 





 





l‘ ' rom-facMry—ro—farm Selli

‘i 1. ' saves you fully 40%. lfnot t

u ever saw, return it—tes costs nothin .

‘ in. team Sprayer 00...!- 328 Oulncy. I





 





PURE. FIELD SEEDS

glitz”. Tianothy. Alsiire. Alfalfa and all kinds of





A. c.-"‘ii¢i‘ir. 5.





Seeds iroot ,rom._,pro user to con-

rn noxious weeds. Ask for sam lee.

C0. . Postoria. 0 lo.





 





; genuine? ,5}:





Yellow Deni



. frt , t t 1 tthe seed.

CYfidsvaiflll :[ilbtnd’a yloctedlf Stirzhlb £1553 laoborh.aiitting your

fields for corn, why not plant a seed that. . has twice

won the Michigan State Championship Prize. and be





rewarded for your labor with a. big yield of this

beautiful Early Yellow Dent Corn?





Price $3 per bushel, i. o. b. Vicksburg, Michigan.

alums a moment, Seedsmen, Cleveland, Ohio





WEEDLESS FIELD SEEDS





Are what we are trying harder than ever to furnish

our customers. FREE SAMPLES will show that; we

come pretty near domg it. In many varieties we DO

IT





 





. Red Mammoth, Alsike. Alfalfa. Timothy, Orchard

Grass. Sweet Glover and all others. If seed of any

kind to sell. send samples and price. Write today.

0. M. SCOTT & SON, 56 Main Street. Marysville, Ohio.





F WE CAN'T SAVE YOU MONEY, don‘t buy but

send for our Catalogue and see. Apple Trees 80,

Peach 30, Cherry 80. Peer 150 and up. All kinds

of Shade Trees, Berry plants. Roses Privet. etc.

An Orange or Lemon out that bear free with

order. ERNST NURSE IES, Box 2. Moscow, Ohio.





-——ALL KINDS T d 1

APPLE TREES Prices reasoning):El gauging:

wanted. MITCHELL’S NURSERY. Beverly,0.





FOR SALE.





mon Red Clover Seed. true to name,

3:21:31; Mountain Potatoes great blight registers,

Black Victor Oats. a. great eedin oat.

Wing‘s White Gig) Corn. thoroug ly acclimated,

fire-dried. COLON . LILLIE. Coopersvllle, Mich





500 000 TREES, APPLE, PEACH, ETC.





. b 1 ts. Catalo eFree.

200%.BXTWA01EE) 81n& SON. eneva. Ohio.





 





 





— di h Si is. B'berian and Big 4. Also

OATS ghhnsoon‘ieelup buses SEEDS. Sam lee

and circular free. REID BURT. Holmes. 0 10.



-—Re . Swedish Select and Im .Amerioan. Two

0“. besz yielders. Also SEED 00 I‘LSeodPoizatoei:i

Clover, Timothy and GARDEN SEEDS. Samples an





 





catalog tree. THEO. BURT e SON, Melrose. Ohio.





AN EARLY GARDEN.





 





In the latitude offlAlbany, N. Y., to

have early potatoes or early cabbages by

the middle of June is to exceed by al-

most a month, the exploits of the aver-

age gardener. In the early part of Sep-

tember, we sow our cabbage seed, Jersey

“'akefield, in a well prepared seed bed.

October 15 they will, be of suitable size

to transplant to a cold frame where they

are wii'itered over. Just as soon as the

frost is out of the ground in the spring,

they are set in the garden. “’e often

have quite severe freezing after they

are set out, but being frost-proof, no

harm is done them. Well prepared ground

and good cultivation. give us good heads

anywhere from the middle of June to the

first of July.





Early potatoes, Irish Cobbler, are

brought from the cellar the first of

March. These are placed in shallow





boxes and put on the upper shelf in the

pantry, where by April they will have

thrown out sprouts, from two to three

inches long. They are cut, usually, two

sprouts to a piece, and carefully planted,

being careful that the sprouts are kept

uppermost.



They are covered, lightly, and the soil

gradually drawn to them as they grow.

A little nitrate of soda is all the fer-

tilizer they get, except what is in the

soil. Last year we dug the. first mess

June 12 which was a record breaker for

this latitude. Muskmelons, cucumbers

and Squash are started in cold frames,

about the first of May. In this way we

gain about two weeks on the season. ,



Last season we tried staking tomatoes

with good Success. Strong stakes were

driven at each end of the row and wire

tightly stretched between tflilem at a

height of five feet. The plants were set

18 inches apart and light poles, cut from

a thicket, were set in each hill, and fast-

ened to the wire with a Short piece of

wire, twisted around it. The plants

were trimmed to a single shoot' and sup-

ported by strips, torn from cotton cloth

lied around the vine and stake as they

grew. lVe used the» cloth because awire

or harsh string would chafe the vine if

blown by the wind. Some of the plants

reached a height of seven feet and bore

large clusters of the finest fruit. We

shall never grow them any other way.



New York. B. F. MACK.





THE SPRING VEGETABLE GARDEN.





 





 





I wonder how many readers of the

Michigan Farmer in the more leisurely

hours of the winter days, do any garden-

ing on paper. It is great fun. And,

moreover, it is also profitable, because it

is a methodical way which guarantees

against a hit or miss result. “'hen spring

is once here, there are so many other

duties to claim one’s time, that, unless

all has been carefully planned before-

hand, ihe‘ garden things are only too

likely to be planted in the quickest and

easiest manner. Now this is to the





'detriment of the various crops, because





gardening demands time and thought;

Even with every care some» of the crops

will fail. because so much depends on

uncontrollable circumstances.



It is even now plenty late to plan the

spring garden and select and order the

Seed. And to insure a first rate garden

one cannot be too careful about the seed.

The different improved qualities of the

several kinds of vegetables should be

studied so that one may choose what

best serves the purpose and then the

seed should be ordered from a. reputable

house.



Then it is highly profitable to study

the gi'Ound to be planted. For instance,

some portion of nearly every garden plot

is more or less shaded by trees orbuild—

ings. In the early spring, when the first

part of the garden is planted, the leaves

of the t‘i‘ees may not yet be out enough

to Show how much shade- thci'e will be

later. But the leaves will come so that

ample allowance for shade must be tak-

en into calculation. A majority of vege-

tables love sunshine and must have a

certain portion to grow well. Yet some

do not so greatly resent a moderate

amount of shade. For instance, in the

heat of the summer lettuce may even be

improved by growing where the torrid

sun may not pour heat upOn it‘ through-

out the livelong day. But corn, toma-

toes, peppers and cabbage, demand direct

exposure to the sun. if the crop is to

each a desired fineness of maturity.

Therefore, these crops must be planted

so that they will not be shaded even by

each other. For instance, the tall corn





 





must be planted on the north and not





'toes January 22, and this is





MARCH 8, 1913.





the south side of the tomato bed or the Pg

cucumber patch. ' '



Naturally, the first things 'planted are

lettuce and onions, followed rather close-

ly by peas. Meanwhile, the seeds of

the cabbage, peppers and tomatoes have

already made considerable growth in the

protection of the light and warmth in-

side the house. It pays far better to

raise one’s own plants from carefully se-

lected varieties, because the quality and

variety, especially of tomatoes, make all

the difference in the world in the return

for one’s time and labor and one cannot

always truSt the market for young plants.

Some grow merely to sell and (fal‘O noth—

ing for excellence. ’luen it costs not A

bit more time or labor and but a few

cents more money to raise first rate veg-

etables t” an a. scrubby harvest.





Forcing is an excellent way to profit

in gardening. Cabbage may be forced

so that June will see it fit for the table.

The present day improved tomatoes may

be so managed that they will yield a

bountiful harvest of their most luscious

fruit as early as July, or even June. The

writer has received as high as 18 cents

a pound for tomatoes raised right out of

doors, and in Michigan. And, further,

what is more delicious than the first

picking of the, fruits of the} season, fresh

out of one’s own garden?



To attain the best results, as soon as

the tiny seedlings can be lifted out with-

out disturbance, by the point of a knife,

they should be tranSfei'red to rich earth;

in little thumb crocks and vxposed to

:1 good light. This will insure them from

growing spindling. And also, when all

danger of frost is past and after the

plants have been shifted mm or three

times to larger crooks, with the roots

never from the beginning having been

disturbed, they can be slipped from the

crooks and planted directly in the hills

prepared for them. As the plants thus

never have any check in growth to over-

come, time is saved in their progress to-

ward maturity. Similar treatment of

cabbage» and peppers will result in like

advantage. Beans and other lender veg—

etables gmw best in the season of late

May and June when in a single night,

vegetation seems almost to spring up;

full grown.





“'ashtenaw Co. C. A. Rim).





PREPARATION FOR EARLY POTA-‘l

TOE&





 





I started our crop of Early Rose pota-

lhc way I

did it: Our cellar is divided into two

parts, the north one containing the fur-

nace and the south one the vegetables

and fruit. I place the potatoes in front

0f the south windows in flats in which

1 grow tomato plants later, the seed end

up. The sunshine. and light make the

Sprouts grow rapidly and as i turn the

potatoes at a different angle they grow

large and thick, sometimes being a half-

inch in diameter. These do not break

off as ordinary sprouts but seem much

stronger. If the south cellar is not warm

enough, a little later I will put, the flats

in the furnace room near the windows.

By the last of March, or first of April,

they will have made at fine growth. If

not ready to plant I put a. little moist

sand in the flats and they will soon

have bunches of fine roots which must

not be allowed to dry out. Then when

the ground is ready I put a handful of

good fertilizer, that has a good per cent

of potash, in each hill and cover. it with

earth and on top of this a potato or :1

part of one, according lo the size, with

the sprout up, and cover, pushing it into

the earth so it will keep up right. This

will soon push to the surface and if frost!

threatens one can cover the sprout with

the earth. But this sprout will stand

quite a freeze and if nipped will keep on

growing. The leaves seem much more

liai'dy than when not given this start.

The foliage is darker green and will be

thrifty. If for any reason the seed po—

tatoes are not at: hand to start. in this

way I put the flats in the kitchen to

start and even a week will be better

there than’in the cold ground. Of course,

by this plan one cannot soak the tubers

for scab unless it is done previous to

putting in the flats but one can advance

the crop on favorable seasons several

weeks, thereby getting better prices.

Hillsdaie Co. MRS. E. M. KIES'.

Outline for Review in Civics. By Ar-

thur Mayer Wolfson, Ph.D., First Assist-

ant in History, DeWitt Clinton High

School, New York City. This booklet.

offers, in condensed form, all the mate-

rial needed for a rapid review of civics.





Cloth, 16mo, 80,page-s. Price, 25c. Am-

erican Book Co., Chicago.
MARCH .8. 1.9110





Shallow Men Believe in Luck--Dee

in Cause and El ect





 





 





 





 





 





THE EFFECT-





Detroit, Mich. Nov. 9, 1912.

My observation for the last two

years is, that mixing the subsoil with

surface soil as done by the Spaldlng.

will prevent scab or fungus growth on

potatoes. RTHUR J. CLARK.

Paulding, 0., Oct. 27, 1912.

In regard to deep plowing and shal-

low plowing, the difference runs from

three to six tons (beets) per acre in

favor of the deep plowing.

I cOnsider we have made $15.00 per

acre by deep plowing.

D. TUCKER.





Buda, 111., Sept. 3, 1912.



We went over our farm this morning

to view some corn that is now matur-

ing on land that was deep tilled late

this spring with the Spaldlng Deep

Tilling Machine.



The field in question but recently

came into our possession. It has been

previously owned by the Burlington

Railroad Company and had been crop-

ped in corn and oats for forty years

and had never been plowed more than

four inches deep and had never been

fertilized in any manner and had nev-

er been seeded to grass. We had at-

tempted cropping this prior to deep

filling it, but had utterly failed. We

attempted seeding it, but the clover

plant would not thrive and we could

not get a stand. This field is on a

rather steep slope and the soil was

badly worn. We believe that you now

understand the condition of this field

when we say that it was absolutely

worn out. Deep Tilling in the spring

in this section of Illinois was looked

upon as rather a questionable method

by everybody, but we have a crop

now that shows well for deep tilling.

We have placed an estimate of 65

bushels per acre on this land. It‘ will

be all that or more.



ILLINOIS GRAVEL COMPANY,

L. H. Scott

Dana, Ind., Jan 8,1913.



The land I used the machine on is

black prairie soil with a little clay

knoll here and there. It was in corn





For more feels and in-

formation in regard to





 





 





THEVM-ICHIGAN AFARMER





Believe





€11





THE CAUSE“





The Spalding Deep Tilling Machine is built

especially for deep and thorough tilling of the

' It is guaranteed to do the work exactly

as represented in our catalog.



We told the editor of the Michigan Farmer

that we wanted to advertise the Spaldlng Deep

Tilling Machine to his readers and asked him

how we could get the readers to take the most

uWhy, that’s easy,”

he said, “Tell them what they want to know.

Tell them what the Deep Tiller 18 doing for

other farmers right here in the territory this

Show them What the machine





soil.





interest in the machine.





paper covers.

has accomplished in the





last year and I plowed under a. heavy



growth of stalks. I took 35 acres on



the south side of the field. and divided

it in six plots. as follows:



Plot No. 1.-——This consisted of 21/3 acres

and was plowed with a. Sulky plow

six inches deep. The yield by

weight was 120 bushels of corn, or

48 bushels per acre.



Plot No. 2 consisted of five acres

plowed 14 inches deep with the

Spaldlng Deep Tilling Machine.

From this plot I got 366.4 bushels

of corn, or 73.28 bushels per acre.



Plot No. 3 consisted of 10 acres which

was deep tilled 10 to 12 inches deep

and yielded 760 bushels, or 76

bushels per acre.



Plot No. 4.—Ten acres was deep tilled

10 inches and yielded 800 bushels,

or 80 bushels to the acre.



Plot No.5 consisted of 2% acres

plowed with Sulky plow seven

inches deep. The yield was 145

bushels, or 58 bushels per acre.



Plot No. 6.—Flve acres which I deep

tilled 10 to 12 inches deep. This

plot yielded 390 bushels, or 78

bushels per acre.



To sum this up——I got 690 bushels

more corn on the 30 acres that we

deep tilled, than I would if I had used

shallow plowing, or 23 bushels per

acre more in favor of deep tilling.



I am in the seed corn business, so I

know what I am talking about when

I say 60 per cent of the deep tilled

corn was good enough to be used for

seed, whereas only 20 per cent of the

shallow plowed could be used for this





purpose.

J. D. STURM.

Haynes, N. D., Jan, 14, 1913.

Last spring while tilling twenty





inches deep for potatoes, a neighbor

came down to investigate. Standing

astride the furrow (he called it a

ditch), he looked d0wn the length of

it and shook his head with incredulity.

On his way home he met another

neighbor and said to him. “Bobb’s

crazy, plumb crazy. He is certainly

ruining his field for all time to come ”

Neighbor No 2 made haste to come

and tell me, but I plowed serenely on.





Spalding Deep Tilling Machine





from a number





and enhanced





from farmers

way 01 increased with yours.





Last fall I dug from this patch of two ’1

acres, 550 bushels of potatoes while

neighbor No. 1 is buying potatoes, not

having raised any on his four-inch





plowing.

- BOYD S. BOBB.

Spiceland, Ind., Oct. 15, 1912.



I am well pleased with the machine,

although this was not a dry season.

have 20 per cent more com on the

field broken with it.



H. D. GORDON.

Toledo, 0., Oct. 31, 1912.



We used two of the deep tilling ma-

chines hitched behind an oil pull en-

gine last fall, and plowed forty acres

with great success, going down to a

depth of 16 inches and laying the soil

over in the nicest finest shape we

ever saw; it was simply the finest

work that was ever done in cm coun-

try.



We put this land in sugar beets and

at the same time left a test plot of

land that was plowed in the usual

manner, and the result has been that

the land plowed by your machine gave

us an increased production of sugar

beets of from two to five tons to the





ucre.

C. H. ALLEN.

Port Hmon, Mich. April 23.1912.



I plowed about twenty acres with

my Spalding Deep Tiller last fall to

set out to orchard this spring’.‘



Knowing that to prepare land for

an orchard properly it must be plow-

ed very deep and following these in-

structions, I plowed this orchard

ground 18 to 20 inches deep and it is

very mellow and fine to work now. I

think it is the most complete machine





on my place.

FRED H. BEACH.

Jackson, Mich., Oct. 30, 1912.



Along the fence on one side of a

field was a growth of brush briars,

sassafras, pOplar and willow.



I used three horses and cut a furrow

10 inches wide and from 14 to 16 inches

deep. The first few furrows went

firSt rate and then I began to have

difficulty in getting the horses through 1

the tall bushes and trees on account

of the trees holding back on the cross





yields of such crops as our readers grow

you can show them results worth while, they

will sit right down and write to you.”



Very well—we will do that. We print here extracts





,hard time realizing that





If





of letters from farmers in this terric





tory who have been using the Spaldlng Machine,

filling their soil 12 to 16 inches and harvesting the

result of their labor in the shape of increased crops





land values. What the Deep Tiller





has done for these and others it will do for you.



Tell us which crops you raise and what kind of

soil you have and we will give you helpful informa-

tion from our Experience File. including letters





with conditions practically identical





I had to bend the trees over

and break them down. I bent them

the way the team was going. Some

were so large it gave two of us all we

wanted to do. After this the horses

were not bothered much.



I am not afraid now to tackle any





lines.





piece of ground with the Spubling that





I can drive the horses through.



ll. 31. ALLEN.



THE IIARTMAN STOCK FARM.



Columbus, O..‘Jsln. 18, 1912.

We are so thoroughly satisfied with

the work done by the Deep Tilling

Machines, that, while we have ten of

them on our farm 111 present, we ex-

[w('t to buy ten or more next spring so

that we will be able to do all our



plowing with deep tilling machines.

The work done is similar to spuding

a garden with the common ditch spade,

thereby breaking off the furrow slice

instead of shearing it off as with a

common plow, which trowels the bot—

tom ot‘ the furrow as you do a cistern,





making it impervious to both water

and air, which are the essentials in

crop production.



'l‘. BETZ, Supt.





April 27, 1912.



:1 gang plow

and :20 acres

’l‘illing Ma-





Monmouth. Ill.,



I plowed 40 acres with

to the ordinary depth



with the Spaldlng Deep





chine to a depth of 1:3 inches, cutting

a furrow about 13 inches in width. At

this width and depth I consider it of





light draft.



This field was put in corn. all tend-

ed and cultivated the same. the only

difference beingr that the ground plow-

ed with the Tiller was much easier to

get into condition for seeding, due to

the manner in which the machine pul-

verizcs the soil. The yield of corn per

acre was as follows: Ground plowed

with Gang Plow, ordinary depth. 24

bushelS; ground plowed with Spaldlng

Machine, 15 inches, 61 bushels.



I will admit that the above results

sound unreasonable. and name had a

it was so.

but wish to say that the above results

were not gained through guess work.

Lbut by actu 11 weight



.I. BllOVVNELL.





Address SPALDING DEPT. 65.

GALE MFG. 00., Albion, Mich.





 





 





Hill SALE llll EXGHANGE





has a home for you. Good land at low



rioes. theraturedgivlng informa-

tlon about soil. cl mate, rice of Ian etc sent free

‘on application toH a.xfleld Commissioner of

Immigration, 11001111219 State Capital. St. Paul, Minn.





FARMS WANTED—We have direct buyers. Don't

pay commissions. Write 610'

scribing property. naming lowest rice We help buy-

ers locate desirable erg) openly FRE American Invest

ment Association, goo Bldg, Minneapolis. Ml 1m-





UILY 8275 BUYS SHALL Will—Eldrinl‘l; £5323





takes possession. Write uiokly for viensand partic-

ulars. GEO. W. DEE§. Boxl 661 Wnycross. Ga.





—G 1111th t1 t.

We Sell Oceans Farms 11311:“...ombow“

fills. Stock. List free. HANSON JLSON, Hart Mich.





Oceana County Michigan





For bargains in Fruit. Grain and Dairy farms. write

6. A. KANTZ & 00.. Shelby, Mich. Literature free.





CANABA lAND—Write for our 32 page booklet



containing 63 photogra bio



views, and statistical and detailed pinforms. ion

about ourh lznds in out Lanoentral Saskatchewan It's

free Walsh d..Co Winnipeg. Canada.





FARMS FOR SALE





150 acres 1% miles from town. good buildi and

orchard Silo hundred melon m 13.1%

good clearingsy and buildings

& acne! smiles from “rinse-Ext norms red.



sores 1151111193 from town vex-ll eighties of cut

nd,nll on easy paymen in.“

WK. 18. STARK. Rose City. Ouemw 00.. Mich.





BUY NEW YORK FARMS NOW.

Bengali-.1 BeltOro humps“ Wows. Biggest. barns.





knoll. a mm,

For list of Newggrk farms address ”

,munma .. l'llher Banding. Ohio-go. In





no: 100.1an 11' 1111 no BALE—Ola

F 11a. ‘1 n: ' '19.?31





111111311111 11111 iAllllS J]





MINNESOTA





to In no. Hopi-on

M” "#111119 13:11 111115111111 you???“

' I °M"§cG'BA’TH. Str:nthro:?0nt.°‘





 





 





and unim rovod loud D .

Ffl'lllfl Flms diversified, farming .1151: “3:171:-

lioious fruits 11nd ideal b0 ones. For information

Midi-ole. State Board of Agriculture. Dover. Delaware



“V0! you time and





llllll FARM LIST assesseu





MICHIGAN FARM HOME 00.. Gmnvllle. Mich.





FOR SALEM-m 1.111101...

00 MA BY YLAND farm

(can show crop views) 225 acres more or less. half wood

Ian. M Mile Balto. & Ohio station. 2 miles further

Penna. station (trunk line) 18 miles Baltimore. Quick

transportaton. lat 1markets. Lies high. gentl roll-

Two houses. 8 slate roof barn. outbui din

ltfblingwhead. 0.1B BLEY LIT’I'IG, Baltimore If:





WHY PAY RENlin





 





 





 





when you on Wm”

Win





Mlnhlnoénn at from





near Saginaw and Bay City. Write form and por-

tlculars. clear-t 1110 and only tor-ml. ed Biol.

(owners) 15 Merrill mag. sum... w.s “1.111 '





 





F03 SALE—1W0 80 ACRE FARMS.





One with small house and burn. 3) acres cleared,

balance stump land. some fruit. troutotronm through

it. level lay. ce BLHWJ. 03’ down, balance 8yearly

ayments of 11%;). THE A8¢ood



oule, barn. granary, Thog Fin once. 11300 bushel alpaclt

cement cellar,other needed buildings. 60 acres clears (ly

some fruit. norm wood lot ( noedt for More). all

level good land and a ibargainbe at 32400. Terms: is

down. balance with timber.

Write otcallonJ. M. mMcFAnRBEllmPipidOlty. Mich.





201 Acres $4500





One Mile To R. R. Depot.





Bic money has been made here in stock raising and

all the feed has on raised on the turn: d.lmooth

level fields produce excellent cro Wan dag-sin.

stream- watered pasture for 25 to 56.11311118an ranges

for large number hols nearly so!!! wood a

timber. small orchard; 3- story house. liezatrllvd new‘

«Fibula. com crib for moo bushels. otherbu dim





 





maple shade. pure water; lobar-sigh near. mall .

del ered; only one miletono B station owner a

mum anxious!» close out ickly” as than

cure for it if taken now nny yter.ms Full

details. 9 of relidenco slide traveling direc-

tion: to see th ”and yothersi I the famous

Maryland Eastern shore (Allin-lot, to which oncoming

of dflomntsmon





Ieorr man who

the edrgille soil. near ”marketlboimrto mild win norl an

'8tra timer-r1

M 11 11 claim MA w “is!“

AGENCY Union Bank Bldg. Pittsburg. Pa.





 





For U. 8 Census figures of yields in

Wisconsin' 3 cheap land districts





HO 8 l 'l' IVE

EVIDENCE 1‘51’1‘31‘311‘Yfi‘l‘iifil‘é’iflfi'lhwl'vl’tl‘





able. what they produce and. if you desire. will will ynu

1: owners. W 'CONSIN ADVANCE ENT

A.SB‘N 391 Cusswell Block. Milwaukee WI 1.6

F n E E ful Sacramento Valley. the

richest valley in the world





Unlimited opooflnnifioo. Thousandl of soul available of

right prices. The place tor the 1mm wanting a home in the finest

climate on earth.W1-Ro to a public organization that give»





111.111GAllFllllNlA

cnunnn’s 0111111111111





The American Bush tof





T0 11'. SOl'lYOl' Wootorn Canad- Il lncroallnlv





 





Literature will be sent to any-

one interested in the wonder-





 





Free homestead:S “:3:

Districts of Mani alknt-





, obonn and Alberta. b.thcre m

. thousands of Free Homestead:



m. which to the man mun:

emu;I in 3 years' time will be

wort trom .20 1:026 per acre.

Thelo lands are well adapted to

grain growing and cattle raising.

Excellent Railway Facilities

In many cases the rlilwayl in

(kinda have been built in ad-

vance of settlement. and in I short time

there will not be a settler who need be

more than ten or twelve miles from nine

‘ 0t ullwny. Railway Rates are regulated



b Government Commission.

' [AL CONDITIONS. The Ameri-

culSettler is at home in Weltnrn Canada.

11 . Be is not a stranger in a strange land



having nearly a million of his own poo



11:36:: desire to





 

 

 





the Can-Alia

lendtor literature. Mel aunt»





M. V. McInnes

176 Jefferson Ave.

Detroit, Mich.





C allure-flu W

on: Cull-do.





 





Administralor’s PUBLIG SALE





oi Valuable Farm Pmperly.

240-Acre Farm "'0 mu” nonhWNt of Romeo in





sections 27 andfllof Bruce town-



ship, Macomb County. Michigan. belonging to the

estate of Wm. H. Bram; will he sold on the premises

in parcels or as a whole on HAT LllDAY. MARCH

15. at 2 p. m. Abstract of title can be seen

at. the Romeo Swings Ban

E.S.EVANS.Adminllt1-otor, Romeo. Mich





 





fill illlfiiéin “391% 9°31‘31lfin‘311f30‘1'81i‘12‘i131” ‘i‘él‘s‘l





.COBB. Hastings. Mlchlgan

FOR INFORMATION AS TO LANDS IN





The Nation’s

Garden Spot—





'nu‘l Gun mm and nucx

Clown“: sacrum—

along the





Atlantic Coast Line





RAILROAD





in Virginz, North and South Carolinl.



Georgil, llblml lnd Florida. write to

WILBUR McC



$1.! Agt. for Florida.

Alabama. Georgia.

Jacksonville. Fla.





 





N-ACL

Auk A. J11. Age. 101 Vir mil

and the Carolingl.





Wilmington. N. C





 





 





 





 





Both Only $1.20





 





York daily. The New York World is unexceiied





 





fiends. liar-0rd

THE MICHIGAN FARMER, Detroit, Mich.





A





 





1





Me Michigan Farmer on 11....

“it NOW York (tum) World mmr





The New York World comes to you three times 1

each week thus giving you practically a New ;





as a newspaper and will keep you spelled on the l

, new: of thew
_ 320—32





BIEEDEIS’ DIIEC'I‘OIY.

CATTLE.





—Eorses. cattle. shoe . swine and

For Sale poulgz. nearly all l’bi'ecds. Sires

exoha ed. South W Michigan Pedigreed Stock

Asa’n., avidWoodinan. Soc'y.- reas..PawPaw. Mich.





Aberdeen-An us.

Herd. consisting of Trojan Erioas B ackbirds and

Prides. onifi. is headed by Egerton w. t e GRAND

CHAMPIO bull at the State. West Michigan and





Farm Co





 





 





 





TH E MICHIGAN. AF..AR_OM ER.





Elllllllllll|llllIlllllllllllllllllllll|Illllllllllllll|IllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllll|IlllllllllillllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfl





 





mmcrcc.





EllliIllIllllllIllllllllIlllllIll||||IlllllIll||||lllllI|||l||IllIlllllIlllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllll||l|||IlllllIlllllllllIll[HilllHHIIIlll||Illllllllllllllllll|||IllIll|lllllllll|l||||Illlllllllllllllllllll”MINNIE-

Mr. Dairyman in Account with Mr. Farmer.





 





Bay City Fairs of 1912 and-the sire of winners at these

Fairs and at THE INTERNATIONAL, Chicafi of

1912. WOODCOTE STOCK FARM. Ionla. lch.



~0ne of foremost dairy





AYR S H I RE S breeds: younin bulls





and bull calves for sale. Berkshire swine. pure

bred. Michigan School for Deaf. Flint. Mich.





GUERNSEY BULL CALVES.

YORKSHIRE PIGS. 000d Stock.

iiiCiis cusaiisrr rliiil. Saginaw. w. s.. Mich.





. l’ ' .

10 Reg. Guernsey ¥3if.hifié‘dyh.§§. “25.2%..3‘6-62

0. Rolls





Come or write. JOHN EBELS. 'R. nd. Mich.

Also Poland





HEREFDRD BULLS FOR SALE 0...... mg...





ALLEN BROS" Paw Paw. Michigan.





Hereford Bulls .For Sale.





Also cow and calf by side. H. D. HALL. Martin. Mich.

HATCH HERD HOLSTEIN51‘il‘8ifiifiifif’sift23’s‘f

onahle prices. HATCH HERD. Ypsilanti. Michigan.

CHOICE Bull Calves from A. R. O. dams. Sired by





our herd sire whose dam and sire's dam each made

over 30 lbs. in 7 days

Holstein Friesian Bull Calves





E. R. Cornell. Howell. Mich.

A FEW CllfllCE for Sale. too .





GREGORY & BORDEN. Howell. iiliciiigan.





T the end of the year large firms

A find it advantageous to take an



inventory of their stock and bal-

ance up the year’s business W'hile the

agricultural correspondent's stock-in-

trade is represented by more or less in-

tangible assets, yet if he have a high

purpose and his conScience is in his work

he twill.look back upon many satisfying

incidents which have resulted from his

efforts. Successful writers are prompted

to a certain extent by the money they

are paid for their writing, but their

greatest inspiration comes from knowing

that their productions have encouraged

some fellow farmer who is being held

back by adverse surroundings.



During the few years that I have con-

tributed for agricultural papers I have.

met many interesting people and formed

a number of very intimate» friendships,

but the most gratifying incident was the

result of the following Iletter from a





 





business. You raise good crops and have

the knack of planning your field work

and getting the most out of your hired

men and work teams. I am going to

make you what I think is a fair propo-

sition. You raise the field crops and sell

them to me at fixed prices, which we

both think are just and equitable. Iwilil

take charge of the feeding end of the

business and endeavor to put it on a.

money-making basis.



“My idea is to sell some of the stock

now on the farm and invest the proceeds

in dairy cows and sell milk to the city

trade. You, Mr. Farmer, and I, Mr.

Dairyman, Will enter into an agreement

and conduct our producing and manufac-

turing 0n the same- farm. We will reason

and counsel together and work out a.

system of crop growing and dairying,

whereby we can each make some money

and still be independent and contented.

You raise the feed crops and furnish me

with the raw material. I will pay you





 





MARCH 8, 1913.





I don’t

a show





out what the farm produces.

want to come home and make.





'just because I have been to college, for





I know that your years of hard knocks

and experience on the farm is worth a

lot more than a fellow can get crammed

into his head during three Years at col-

lege juggling with figures and science. I

will put my best efforts into the work

and feel sure that I can make it a.

success.” .



“Well, my boy, that sounds pretty

good, but I am afraid it will be rather

lip-hill business for you to make much

money if you buy all the feed for your

cows; however, I am going to accept your

offer and We will run the farm one year

along these lines.



“Go ahead and get things in shape to

begin business the first of April. We

will take an inventory of the stock today

and again at the end of the year’s busi-

ness. I want you to replace the stock

you sell with animals equally as valu-





able. If my feed crops are good and you

need more cows I will help you buy

them.”





After selling the fattening stock and

poorer cows the young man purchased 12

more good dairy cows, which gave him a

dairy of 28 good cows. He sold his milk

(64 gallons a day) for 16 cents a gallon.

At the end of the year the new inventory

showed that there had been no material

change in the value of the stock. Quan—





 





FOR SALE—IlOLS'l‘ElN Bill]. CALF





Born June 5. 1912 sire a son of the King of the

Pontiacs from a aufihter of Hengerveld De oi.

am 0 ca . an A. .0. daughter of Sadie Vale

Ooncordia's Paul DeKoi. her dam a201b. imported cow.

ED. 8. LEWIS. Marshall, Mich.





Purebred Registered





H OLSTE IN CATTLE





The Greatest Dairy Breed

Said for FREE Illustrated Booklet

Holstein-Friction. Also" Box I64. Brattleboro.Vt.





“Top-Notch" Holsteins.





Yearling bulls all sold. Choice bull calves from 1 to

5mo. old. of fashionable breeding and from dams

with official milk and butter records for sale at

reasonable prices





McPHERSON i-‘ARMS co.. How-ll. Michigan.





Service Bulls and Bull calves





Siroo by Johanna Gorcordia Champion,





whose site's dam and dam’s dam average 34.06

lbs. butter in 7 days, average fat’4.67 % Also cows

and heifers bred to him'. I can offer you bulls at

bargain prices. Try me and see, and do it quick.





L. E. CONNELL,

Fayette. -





.Bigolow’s Holstein Farms





Breedsville, Mich.

Have for sale several fine young

bulls out of cows with high official

butter and milk records.



Send for circular.





FAIR LAWN FARM





Offers the following young





Holstein Friosian Bull





Prince Sarcastic—

l’ine in form and breeding. Beautifully marked.

Sure to please you.





REED 6t KNOWLES, Howell, Mich.





gas sued by best son of PONTIAC BUTTER BOY.

His dam gave 90 pounds milk a day, over600 pounds in

7 days and has official record of 24 pounds butter In





7 days. PRICE $100

C. D. WOODBUR





OLSTEINS—Cow 11 yr. old. bred Jan. 11. ’13. A.



R. 0. record 18.74 lbs. butter 542 8 milk in 7 days.

Heifer 16 mo. old. bred Aufi. I‘ll. '12. Price $125 each,

Bull calves priced to sell. . B. lieavey. Akron,l‘.1ich.

three years old will freshen





Registered Holstein (low a... month, a... mu...

ings. good breeding, nice individual. $2M. delivered.

Write for pedigree. Hobart W. Fay. Mason. Mich.





BULL CALF—$5O





Choicest breeding—Dam has 25 pound A. R. 0.

record. YI’SILAND FARMS, Ypsilanti. DIich.





—Thoroughbred Holsteins.

SIX BU" call” for saIe Registered. Ranging from 3

weeks to 10 months. Color, more white than black.

DeKol strain. LOUIS NELLER. Lansing Michigan.





 





 





 





Ohio.





 





 





'Y. Lansing. Michigan.





 





I GRANDSON of PONTIAC KORNDYKE and

A PONTIAC ARTIS froma 19lb. Dam. $200

NG BEACH FARM

Augusta.(Kaiamazoo Co.)Mich. Fred B. Kenfield.Prop.

' ' ' —~young bulls out of A. R. O.

“OISIfln FINN!“ cam. dams and sired by a hull with

a 31 lb. dam. W. B. JONES. Oak Grove, Michigan.

—Bulls ready for service. bred for

Jerseys production. Also cows and heifers

Brookwater Farm. . D. No. 7. Ann Arbor. Mich.





I

Lillie Farmstead Jerseys

(Tiiberculin tested. Guaranteed free from Tuber-

oulosis.)

good dairy cows for sale. No females for sale at.

present. Satisfaction aranteed.

COLON C. ELIE). mover-ville. Mich.





 





- —La c ttl 11 Milk

liairy Shorlhorn: Mtii‘fiectmfir £62.... .33:

No stock for sale at present. ,

w. w. KNAPP. R. No. 4. Watervllet. Mich.

Scotch St

W.





orihorn lull: and Heifers For Salt.

W. KNAPP. Howell. Michigan.





 





llaiii Iliad Stadiums—aggyfitllé“ oo'glitfnfssul‘i:

all sold. J. B. HUM EEMaIOn. Micgigan.





young man who lives within 60 miles of

my home:



“Dear Sirz—About three years ago I

read your article—Mr. Dairyman in Ac-

count with Mr. Farmer. Father and I

were impressed by the points you made





clear in separating the manufacturing

end of the business from the producing

end. The more we thought about the





whole matter and discussed the problems

involved the more determined we became

to put some of your ideas into practice.

Now, Mr. Kelley, can you plan to be our

guest some time in the near future? We

want to show you how nicely your

scheme has worked out on our farm.”

The letter recalled to mind an article





 





 





 





l





 





ll

l'





53





.11





i

ll

l

{i

,l





l

l

u





l





Several good bulls and bull calves out of l





l





'failed to get





in which the writer attempted to Show

that the average dairy farmer was sort

of a “dualcpurpose” individual, that is,

he was working along two separate and

distinct lines, and that too often the

losses from one of the lines exceeded the

profits from the other; however, it was

calculated to convey the idea of sub-

dividing the work of the dairy and the

farm so that one man should be the pro-

ducer and the other the manufacturer.

Naturally, then, oud not strange is it, I

was anxious to visit this farm and see

if at least one of my productions had

benefited one of my stranger—friends.



Having made arrangements to spend

Thanksgiving with some of my relatives

who live near the young man’s home, I

decided to visit the farm. To make the

story shorter, and drop the personal part,

lfor which I already owe an apology, I

ram going to give you the story as it was

given to me by the young man and his

father. A view of their premises and

stock was evidence- that it was not over-

drawn.



Three years ago the young man had





 





‘completed his course at a leading agri-





cultural college and was planning to form

some sort of an agreement with his fath-

er to remain at home and help manage

t‘he 174-acre dairy farm.



Said the son, “If we go into business,

we must conduct the form so that it

Will] produce profitable crops and gradu-





ally increase in fertility. “’9 must in

the first place, grow crops at less cost

than they will sell for in tile market,





and then we must feed them out on the

farm so that we shall realize two profits.

You have been a. good farmer, raised

large crops and kept the farm up in good

shape. but it seems to me that you have

the full value out of your

crops at market time. I have examined

your books for the past four years and

find that you have lost from four to six

hundred dollars per year through feeding

out the crops on the farm. In other

words, could the crops have been sold

directly after harvest they would have

paid you that amount more than you

have realized through the sale of animal

products from the farm.”



“Yes, my son,” replied 'the farmer, “I

know that I am not exactly up-to-date

on all the problems that changing con-

ditions have brought about. I have fre-

quently fed crops to live stock when I

knew that I was losing money, but I

have figured that the loss was usually

made good through the increased crop

yields which resulted from the use of the

manure left on the farm.”



“Right here," said the son, “is where

I think we should try and strengthen our





 





a fair price for your crops and depend On tity had more than been replaced by





my skill as a manufacturer for my prof— quality. The 24 COWS, eight Steers and

its. In this way We shall see whether hogs were now represented by 28 good

or not my training at the college has dairy cows. Mr. Dairyman and Mr.





benefited me for a life on the farm. Farmer’s books showed the following re-





 





 





“I will pay you $10 per ton for clover suits or the year’s business:

Mr. Dairyman .~ ..... .. ..... ....Expenses.

Six new cows ....... .. ....... ............. . . . . ......... ....$ 360.00

Cash paid to Mr. Farmer for hay, silagezind straw ...................... 1,259.00

Rent of pasture, buildings and seven acres of land ...... 7 _ .................. 275.00

Twenty ions of gluten feed at $26 perion .............................. . 520.00

Eight tons of brewers’ grains at $25 per ton ............................ .. 200.00

Eight tons of wheat bran at $22 per ton ....................... .. 176.00

Two tons of oil meal at $34 per ton ........................... .. 68.00

Two tons of cottonseed meal at $40 per ton ............................. . 80.00

Medicines and veterinary services ............................ .. 18.00

Regular hand to help with milking at $15 per month ................... 180.00

Extra man for one week during state fair ............................ 14.00

Repairs, horse feeds and incidentals ........................ . 106.00

Insurance on stock and feeds ....................... . . 14.00

Total expenses for year..... ........................ $2,270.00

Mr. Dairyman ............... ...Income.

64 gallons of milk a day, 365 days at cheuts per gallon .................. $3,737.60

8 gallons of milk a day, 214 days, at 16 cents lli’l‘ gallon .................. 273.92

10 Veal calves ................ . ........................... .. . 128.00

8 cows sold from herd .......................... 360.00

632 hours’ team work for Mr. Farmer ........ .. .. .. .. .. ......... 221.20

320 bushels of potatoes raised on rentedland after soiling ............... . 154.00

220 tons of manure at four-fifths value of $2.30 per ton ................... 440.00

Total income ............;.._. ................................. $5,314.72

Total expenses . ........................ .. 2,270.00

Mr. Dairyman’s net income ............................... ....$3,044.72

Mr. Farmer ....... . ........... Expenses.

Regular hired man at $30 per month.. ..... .. .. .. .. .. ....... . ..$ 360.00

Horse feed, grain, etc .................... _. ..................... . 164.00

Day labor and team work ................. .. .. .. .. .. .. ........ 370.00

Taxes, insurance and road work ................................ 146.00

Threshing, silo filling, etc ................ i ...................... 92,00

Repairs, fencing material, etc ........... . .. .. .. .. .. .. .............. 127.00

Paid Mr. Dairyman for manure ................................ , 440,00

Fertilizers, (phosphorus and potash) .............................. 126.00

Improvements to dairy stables .......... . .. .. .. .. ............ . 406.00

Mr. Farmer’s total expenses ........................... . ..$2,231.00

Mr. Farmer .............. . ...... Income.

Improvements to dairy stables ................. .. .. .. .. .. . ........... $406.00

Cash for hay, silage and wheat straw ................................ . 1,259.00

Rent of pasture, barns and seven acres of Lind .................. ‘ ....... 275.00

2.400 bushels of potatoes at 60 cents per bushel ......................... 1440.00

300 bushels of wheat at $1.10 per bushel ............. ’33000

400 bbls. of apples at $2.00 ................... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .......... 800.00

200 cwt. of apples at 50 cents .................................... 10000

Poultry, small truck, etc.... ............... .. .. .. .. .. .. .............. 184.00

Mr. Farmer’s total income ..................................... . . . m

Mr. Farmer’s total expenses ............................ 2,231.00

Mr. Farmer’s net income ........................................ . ...$2,563.00

and mixed hay; $3 per ton for straw; Said Mr. Farmer: “At this time last





year I thought that Joseph was too full

of new—faingled ideas concerning balance-d

rations. cow testing, dairy sanitation and

so forth, but the year's figures are be-

fore me and I am compelled to acknowl-

edge that he has made a success where

1 made a failure. However, I. have made

more than one thousand dollars more

from the farm this year than any year

since I have owned it. By planting 20

acres of potatoes I have marketed 2,400

bushels and raised all of the- roughage

required for the cattle and the feed for

my work horses. lVell, I am mighty glad

that Joseph turned the trick, but I was

rather skepticalwvhen lie was coaxing

me into such an agreement, but I fig-

ured that he couldn't 'lose much if he

attended to business. Joseph says he is

going to sell ten cansof milk another

year and keep more cows. We have rea-

soned together and I am going to try

and raise more feed to sell to him. The

more cows- he‘keeps the more manure

goes into the shed. and the more hay,

silage, wheat and potatoes I can raise,

but ‘what gets my goat’ is the fact that

the, manure costs me four to six hundred





$2.50 per ton for corn silage, cut and put

into the silos. I will pay $100 cash rent-

al for the 40 acres of pasture land; $125

for the use of the barns and sheds; $50

for 10 acres south of the barn which I

shall need for selling crops. You will be

sure of fair prices for your roughage

crops and by having more time you would,

no doubt, find it profitable to add a

market crop to your rotation and buy a.

few tens of fertilizer to supplement the

manure. I will remove the manure from

the stable to the manure shed and sell

it to you for four-fifths of its fertilizing

value, as determined by the figures of

any leading experiment station.



“I figure that by selling some of the

less desirable animals I can get to-

gether a pretty good bunch of dairy cows

and produce 64 to 72 gallons of milk a

day for the city trade. It will give me

all of my time to devote to my dairy and,

by hiring Bert Casey to help with the

milking, I think that I can make some

money. You will have mere time to look

after your farm work. We will work for

each other's best interests and make

definite plans for growing and feeding
MARCH 3, 1913.





dollars a year, but it is a mighty lot eas-

ier to write out my check for that amount

payable to Joseph than it was to tramp

around the barn and yards waiting on a.

Iiot of. dirty, lazy, unprofitable scrub stock,

just to getva few tons of manure. Joseph

was right when he said I was losing from

four to six hundred dollars a year

through my feeding operations. I tell you

it makes a fellow feel like going ten miles

out of his way to kick a scrub animal

after seeing what the good ones will do

when they have good care and scientific

feeding. I have been reading up on the

manure question and I find that Doctor

Thorne, of Ohio, says that the manure

made while the cows are fed grain is

much more valuable than when they are

wintered principally on roughage. \Vell,

one might have known that before. butI

always thought that a load of manure

was a load of manure; however, I can

see differently now. A fellow has 'to do

a lot of thinking and reading nowadays

if he keeps up to date on farming ques—

tions. Now I can sit by the coal fire and

read my papers and study out my next

year’s business while Joseph and the

boy are taking care of the stock.”



Dur.’:2g the past tvvo years the farm

has be—n managed along the same gen-

eral lit-es, but this ytar Mr. Dairyman

has sold his cream to a large hotel near

the city and has DllI'ClltlSE’d seven head of

Guernsey cattle for foundation stock.

Each branch of the business is paying

good returns and each party is satisfied

and contented. Mr. Farmer has become

a} potato crank and Mr, Dairyman is a

cow crank: thcy are having a liveTy race

to see who Cull show the better results.

Last year Mr. Farmer wone out by a

hair, owing to the high prices he received

for his potatoes. This year’s race will

likely go to Mr. Dairyman, who is pro—

dttcing in} gallons of milk a day. Mr.

Farmer has succeeded in getting 20 acres

of alfalfa started and says that by tap-

ping the sub-soil for potassium and phos-

‘phorous and the atmosphere for nitrogen

he calculates to follow the pace set by

Mr. Dairyman for a number of years to

come. A new silo was erected last year

and Mr. Farmer says he can fill it front

the uSual number of acres of corn since

he began planting better sced, using

more fertilizer and giving it better cul-

tivation.



“'hile all of the figures for the three

years 'werc not at hand without prying

into the father’s and son‘s private affairs,

yet what I haVe given will serve the. pur-

pose of conveying tlte main point illus-

trated by the sway, that is, dairying and

crop growing are two scparate and dis-

tinct branches of farming, and unless a

man studies them separately as well as

in their relation to each other, he can~

not secure maximum results fiom his

business. ’l‘hcy also illustrate some of

the possibilities and advantages of a.

friendly co-operation between fathers and

sons (experience and science) on the

farm. Illany young men who finish col-

legs would find it profitable for the-m to

blend the scientific training they have

received at the college with experience

gained by their fathers in putting the

old farm on a money-making basis, Many

older men who have gotten into a rut

need the scientific training and enthusi-

asm of their sons to assist them in put-

ting their farms on a money-making

basis.





New York. W. MILTON KELLY.





THE NOMID SYSTEM—A PLAN FOR

DISTRIBUTING FA’RM PRODUCTS.





 





(Continued from last week).

Vegetables—Kinds Wanted.





The list of vegetables used by city

families is long. In fact, the city h0use~

wife is accustomed to prepare a wider

range of eatables than is the country

housewife, for the reason that she-caters

to more delicate apr‘etites. causing her

to constantly seek new dishes. Pota-

toeS, onions, beets. carrots, turnips, ruta-

bagas, parsnips. horseradishes, cabbages,

etc., are among the vegetable products

wanted and sold by the direct method.





How Handled.





There are different ways in which the

above products may be forwarded to the

consumer, the beSt one for any pur-

tlcular perSOn depending upon the con—

ditions to be met. If delivered in the

vehicle of the producer these vegetables

may be'carried in baskets, crates, bags,

or in bulk; while bags, crates and bar-

rels are. useful where shipments are

made by common carrier. Practically all

the vegetables mentioned are of a char-

acter that will keep under ordinary con-

ditions for a considerable time and so





 





 





 





TH/EIQMICHI‘GAN 'FARMER 5





may be shipped in fairly liberal quanti-

ties. A shipment made up of several of

these vegetables will usually be found

more satisfactory and eConomical—satis-

factory because the consumer can use

larger quantities of the shipment each

day and economical in that the freight

and cartage charges will be proportion-

ately less.



Regardless of the way these vege-

tables- are put up, extreme care in the

details of preparation and packing muSt

be observed. The products should be

Well sorted. all small. bruised and in-

feri02- looking specimens being removed.

They should be packed to prevent injury

during transportation. New receptacles

are best but theSe cannot always be

provided; however, dirty crates, baskets,

boxes or bags should not be tolerated.

Securely fasten the sacks, or barrels, or

whatever receptacle is used, and mark

plainly with the name and address of

both the consignee (customer) and the

sender.



Time to Deliver.





A few words upon the time for ship-

ping these products may be in order.

iccause of danger from freezing they

cannot always be forwarded in the winter

season. although where bagged and kept

moving such crops as mentioned will

withstand much lower temperatures than

the intxpericnccd may belicve; neverthe-

less, It is a wise plan where prices are

satisfactory to make delivery late in the

fall and encourage consumers to provide

cellar Ioom for keeping a supply that

will last well through the winter. Should

such a practice become common it would

prove a strong factor in improving

prices in the fail and keeping them steady

during the cold winter months.



How to Keep.



These products keep best in a cellar.

Have the cellar well ventilated in order

that odors do not cscape from the vege-

tables to the living-rooms, and they will

not if proper ventilation is provided. P0-

tatoes especially should be kept in a

darkened room since they become green

and lose their line qualities when exposed

for a long time to the light. The cooler

the room can be held and not freeze, the

better the products will keep. 'Where a

furnace is located in the cellar, as is fre-

uuently the case, the space in which the

vegetables are stored should be partition-

ed off, preferably with an air-space wall,

so the furnace heat will not dry out the

vegetables, or nurture rots in them. If

the cellar is susceptible to freezing a

lighted lantern will raise the temperature

a few degrees. also a pail of water plac-

(‘(I on the floor will saturate the atmos-

phere with moisture and aid in keeping

down the frost point.



(Continued next week).





 





BOOK NOTICES.





“Farmers of Forty Centuries ” by F.

H King D. Sc. formerly Professor of

Ihysits in the Lniversit'y of \Visconsin

and Chief of the Division of Soil Man-

agement, United States Department of

Agriculture, also author of a number of

other agricultural works, is a book of 440

pages describing the agricultural prac-

tice-s of the farmers of China, Korea and

Japan. This book is profusely illustrated

with 250 half-tone engravings illustrating

the customs of the people and agricul-

tural practices of tlIeSe countries in which

Prof. King found much that might be

profitably emulated by the farmers of

the New \Vorld. This book is most en—

tertaining as well as instructive reading.

showing as it does how the farmers of

those ancient Countries have maintained

and improvtd the fertility of their soils

notwithstanding that they have been con-

stantly croppcd for a period of some

4000 years. Published by Mrs. F. H.

King, Madison \Vis. l'rice, $2. 50.



“Crops and Methods for Soil Improve-

ment, " by Alva Agee, M. S formerly He Id





 





of the Department of Agricultural Exten-.





sion, acting Dean and Director of the

School of Agriculture and Experiment

Station of Pennsylvania State College and

now of New Jersey Experiment Station.

is a practical work of 246 pages, with il-

lustrations. touching at the essential fac-

bill‘s of general farming in a scientific as

well as a practical m-anner.- Dr. Agee

takes up the essential factors of soil fer-

tility and the problem of its maintenance,

following same with a practical discussion

of crops and crop rotations and other

important factors of successful farming.

such as manures and fertilizer, tillage,

drainage etc. This is a practical work

for the practical farmer. Published by

the MacMillan Co., New York. Price,

$1.25 net.



“Beginnings in Animal Husbandry.” by

Chas S. Plumb, Professor. of Animal

Husbandry, Collegie of Agricuiltture of

Ohio State University, is an elementary

text book for young people, the first of

its kind devoted to this field. It dis-

cusses breeds and principles of breeding,

feeds and feeding, composition of plants

and animals. types and breeds of poultry,

eggs and incubation, etc. The book is

profusely illustrated, contains 392 pages,

555:7 inches. Price. $1.25 net. ,Webb

Publishing 00., St. Paul, Minn.





   





 





It Pays to Clip





2 Horses. Mulesund Cows. They

are healthier and render better ser-

vice. When the hen

holds the wet swoat an

moved. they are more easily kept

clean.“ look better. at more good



thier teed an are better in

every way. Don’t buy anything





”The Stewart





Ball-Bearing,





Clipping Machine





-the only machine that turns easy.



clips flat and close and “stays sharp.

gears are all file hard and cut



from solid steel bar. PRICE



They are enclosed. pro-$ 5°



footed and run in oil: ‘7...



lltlttlefflctlon. .ltttlewear.



as





foot new style easy run.

nlnz flexible shaft and celebrated

Stewart single tension clippln.

head. highest grade.

Get one from your‘

dealer or send

.2 and we will





 





You will get morewoo ltrom I'll-sheep

-—lon¢er and better wool. that;y will bring

the highest price from buyers if yous about





Stalwart lie. 9 Ball Bearing

Shearing Machine





This is without question. the most per- .

feet hand operated shearing machine over

“ devised. Han ball bearings in every art

where friction or went- occurs. Has a

best-in shearing bond of the latest Im-

vav 2.2m .. “a.“ ..

. mp no u :1 com

’ andtcuttono th heoele- $P1Rf5_o

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not on. from your dollar or .

demo-ad we willsblpCmOI) -

. Iron-balance. Money and trans-

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not pl leased.





 





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I I 5|.- ovu chAOO. ILL.

Write for complete” new cutaloguec showing world'l

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sheep shearing machines.





 





 





33—-321





AUCTION SALE

(in Wednesday, March 12,1913,





At9 A.M.





REEISTEREBOXFOHD DOWN SHEEP.





All bred to WAdderhury No. 63734. This is one of the

best fl0( ks in Michigan. Young and W1“ the sold 111

lots of the. Also far mmathlnerv, tooln.e

.N.OLMS’1EAD, Proprietor, Muir, Mich





H008.





 





 





 





' ' —A Desirable Bunch of Sovts of

DIII’OGS &« VIOIOHIS I‘ ithcr Breed dt e April and May.

BI. T Story, R R. 48 Lowell. Mich City Phone 55





BERKSHIRE BOARS





May and June fax-row. large size. heavv none. 518 and

$27 each. GEO. ELAPHAM. St. Johns. Michigan.





BERKSHIHE8”Y°”““3 80“.. bred for April dz May





furl-mung. Also a few open Gilts

A. A. PATTU LLO. Dcckeorville. Michigan.





BERKSHIRES Choice spring boars and gilts.

priced to move quick. Farmers

shock ELMHURSI‘ STOCK FARM. Almont, Mich.



—B 3th oedin :be (at 0.

Quick laiuring Berkshire: .2....2..,.,, inning...

or money refunded. C. S. BARTLETT. Pontiac, Mich.





 





O I C —TWO BOARS fit to head any

0 0 - herd. Fa‘ igs ready to ship.

C. J THOMPSON. Roclk 0rd. Michigan.





0. I. C. SWINE Wm ..



rice on Spring

Pigs, pairs and trios. not; 3km.- ave a number

of service males of goodt. pa VRVrIto me describing

of your wants. A. J. GOR EN. R. No. 2 Dorr. Mich.





o. I c. Swine. both sexes. Males weighing 100 to 22.")

lbs. Herd registered in I. 0. Association.

GEO. P ANDRE W.S Dansville. Ingham Co. Mich.





o I c Extra choice bred silts. service hours

I and spring pigs. not akin from State



Fair winners. Avondalo Stock Farm. We) no, Mich

0 I. C s—Bour pigs- all sold. Clllllte gilts. Place your

Iorder for spring pigs VI ith me. Your monct 's “(nth

or your money back 1“ red NIc.koI B. 1 Monroe. Mich,





 





THIS





sow wasnm 932 LBS. .

A 23 mourns out , .





'E

-|ON|A-GIRL





I have started more breeders on the road to sue.

oouthnn any man living. I have thalargest and tin-



eot ”hard in the [1.0 ’I.Evory one an early developer,

ready for themarket at six months old. I want. to

lace one has in each community to advertise my

got-d .erbe for my plan, ‘How to Make Money from

H.036 " O. 5. DINJAHIN. R No.10 Portllnd. "lot.



of September and 00.





O. I. C. Pigs tober (arrow for sale





chcap. JOHN BEIINER & SON. Grand Ledge. Mich.





 





 





0 I C9 -—All ages. growthy and large Males

S ready. 100to select from Attractite prices

on toung stock H. H. JUMP Munith, Mich





 





 





OU can clear an acre or more

of stumps a day. No stumps



can re sist the Hercules.

Doubles land value—enables

on to make $1200.00 on 40 acres

the first year after stumps are

out—anti $750.00 in crops

every year after. Get the

proof. Why not



. Write Us Now





Book tells all the

facts—shows many

photos and letters

from owners—tells all

about the many Her-

cules features. VVe‘ll

also quote you a special money-saving price

proposition that will interest you. Address

um MFG. co. 137 flat BL. Cantu-Ville. low-





   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





0 I C’s—A line lot of last. spring stock for salabig



growth)! It) pe. either sex, airs not akin

sired by Grand Champion boar. Sco tt. 0 1 Half mile

west. of depot. OTTO B. SCHU LZE. Nashville. Mich.





 





o I. C. Choice gilts broil for April fart-ow Fired by Just

' Right No. 35100. Vol 1.3 0. l U'Brcd to Lengthy Prince

No, 88161, Vol 16 0. l. 0. A NEWMAN, Mariette Michigan.





”UROC_JERSEYS— -—Fall and Spring boars from

prize winning strains. Sous

all ages. SPECIAL BAR AIN in summer pigs.

Brookwater Farm. RF. D (No 7. Ann Arbor Mich.





 





 





——for sale; 20 line service boars of f

Ililroc Jerseys breeding and individual quniII‘tfty

Prices reasonable. John McNicoll North Star. Mich





 





~Bred sows 820 $0800 Boar‘s :20 to 325

“fig- nurocs Pigs 01‘113880ngh_u to wean $8 to $12 sutislac





tiongttnranteed. F. ook, 2.,Stanwood Mich.





nunoc JERSEYS—Homing For Sale at Pieseni.





CAREY U. EDMONDS. Hastings. Michigan.





 





 





SWINE. Spring and summer oi sfnr

our“: Jill“! sale. both sexes. I pav 'expresfi. 25





years experience. J H. BANGHAKT, lelnBIng. Mich.





Butler‘s Big Bone Poland Chinas.





We don' I. claim to own all the gcodd 110 s in the l

S. but. we do plaim to hate bred and sod more big

type Pole-min in the last ten years than any tuo other

breeders in Michi an If \ou vtanta 00d fall boar

write J. .BL'TLER. Portlan . Michigan.





POLAND CIIINAS“§.°.2.§‘, EitilL‘imseiniitlié'éf





Prices right W. J HAGELSHAW Augusta. Mich





 





 





 





A BIG TYPF POLAND CHINA BOAR—Cheap or

will exchange for so“ A few light weight





gilts left. ROBERT \EVE. Pierson Michigan





 





 





 





20 H. P. TRACTOR “°;"io¥i°2‘3.§1i2 1.232





and terms reasonable. Also seed Iu-ley. ()derbnmker

variety. mo bu.. bags inc. 0. L. Emons, Holton, Mich.





 





 





Breeders’ lllrectory —Continued.

Registered Guernsey Bull 1332323332. Sikc‘iffii?

Price moderate. Boxfi .Mich. Farmer, Detroit. Mich.

F0" SALE—’7 Reg. 8. H. Built-I from 8 to 14 months by





Victor Robin sired by International

Winners. JOHN SCHMIDT. Reed inty. Michigan.





F0“ 8 A LE—Magnificent Holstein

BULL CALF.



Beautv. III! e. seven-eighth! white, b 25-lb butter



sire. Duml lbs 4 milk annually. Thoroughbred.





but not elimble. On y 8201'

no OGU EMONT FARMS. l)IDETIROIT. DIICH.





2 YEIILIIG Siiilillililiil BULLS 222”£53‘l‘3."§1l25





W'. C. OSIUS. Hillsdale, Michigan.

SHEEP.

Bug. Bumbaiilcl 8m. Pm Brod Poland china





11008 and PWBON HORSES. 8)! miles

lMorfloe.onG.....UTRBnndM R..J..AQ ..OOOK





SHROPSHIRES 6 DUROCS

KOPE-KON FA“. Klmlorhook. lacuna.

“BREED UP YOUR SHEEP" 2.."‘3'°°§a“'m 2"”

PARSONS will: an?! no? Ills?“ mm."





grand Lodge. Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





"LAND cniNAs—Either sex. all ages. 80;}:-

P. D. LONG. R. No. S,th(;lf-gntgloofia;ldsf IIII‘IVchpilglss

P. AC. MARS AND sows-taresiazizr





A. A. WOOD & SON. Saline. Michigan.





 





 





I. 0. Button SDWS‘liidbi‘Keti‘fiéilES Minot—2.



ready for use. Maplewood Stock F arm, Allegnn Mich



POUND Gilli” sows—22.8.2...§*22':..‘:2¥;b 135322.



faction guaranteed. MILLS. Saline. Mich.

ARGE TYPE P. 0. -—L9 est in Mich A few late

March Gilts weighing lbs. and over Bred



Big Dermoina. the largestélig' In U. S. of age weighed 512





lbs at 10 mo. and 18 days ol Come or write. I can aim

the goods. freeli very. W.E Livingston. Purina. Mich.





MU“ FOOT EGGS-Fa" P‘sfie'efgvfsaboan and





quality. price right a and KBEGLOW Ada dist,





[AME YORKSHIRE “HIE“A ...... 8‘ ""“M 51235:"





6.90 8 MoMullen. Citz. Phone. Grand LedgeM





 





 





 





 





 





 





ARGE Yiorkshires—Choice breedin stock. all ages.

Lao fail I: from teFair prisegwinneI-a Pedl

grees furnished. W..0 COOK. 42.30: 22.Adn. M ch





Lillie Farmsieatl ’ YORKSHIRE:





An‘flendldot lot“k of nfall pigs at reduced riceu. Pair!



April?" 11qu”; You “W. 'é’l'i. “d wrath tl 1123'

mm a youmn II s



630010 .LILLIB. “O"PIVHIOI Mlch.





Plum In. It!!! nfifllclllcnn Par-qr. when

w rum to ulvo‘rflun.





 





 





 





 





7....“ ...-... “LA-“
322-434 ‘





14ElfllInfill“IllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllillllllHHIIlllllllllllIIllllllllllllllllllllllfil





Markets.





Ellllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|Ill|Ill|llllllII||IIlI|Illlllllllllllllllllllllllllflllllllllllllfi

GRAINS AND SEEDS.





March 5, 1913.





Wheat—This cereal has lost some of

its support the past week and prices are

now ruling lower than at the close a

week ago by about three cents. Perhaps

the most important feature of this

change is an improvement in the outlook

of the crop for this country. At a time

when it. was possible for considerable

damage to be done the wheat producing

states receiving a covering of snow

which put the dormant plants in excel-

lent shape for this season of the year.

Another feature was the estimated

amount of grain still in the farmers?

hands, the quantity being put by experts

at considerably larger figures than had

been calculated on by dealers. Unex-

pected heavy receipts at primary ele-

vators in western states has also ad-

ded to the weakness; these receipts on

Monday were more than double the num-

ber of bushels received for the corres—

ponding day a year ago. There is also

news that Argentine will have a large

surplus to sell and that conditions in

India have improved by recent rains,

There still exists a good'demand from

European countries, but buyers there are

less anxious because of the improved

condition in the supply countries men-

tioned above. Prices for No. 2 red wheat.

at Detroit was Dill/2c a year ago. Local

quotations are as followsz





   





No. 2 No. 1



Red. White. May. July.

Thursday . . 1.09%; 1.08 1,4 1.11 96%;

Friday ......1.091/2 1.081’2 1.1.1 961/2

Saturday ....1.091/4 1.081,; 1.10% 961,4

Monday ..... 1.083/2 1071/2 1091/2 951/,

Tuesday ..... 1.07344) 1.06% 1.081,; 941/2

'\Vednesday . .1.061/2 1.05%; 1.08 94 3%,





Chicago, (March 4).—No. 2 red wheat,

$1.016Ll.06; May, 911,5;c; July, 9033c per

bushel.



New York, (March «it—No. 2 red,

$1.101/2 f. o. b. ailoat; May, 97%61981/gc

per bu.



Corn—This cereal has not suffered as

yer from the reaction in whcat and

prices are holding within a fraction of

the high point reached during the past

couple of weeks. The colder weather

prevailing has improved the demand for

the grain for feeding purposes, although

the mild winter, taken as, a whole, has

allowed feeders to get on with consider-

ably less than would be used under more

normal weather conditions. Primary re—

ceipts at large grain centers were heavy

early this week. although the average is

below that of a week ago. One year ago

No. 3 corn was quoted at 680 per bu. on

the local market. Detroit quotations are

as follows:





No. 3 No. 3



Corn. Yellow.

Thursday ................ 501/4 51%,

Friday ................... 501,; 51 14

Saturday ................. 501/, 51",;

Monday .................. 50 51

Tuesday .................. 50 51

VVodnesday ............... 50 51





Chicago, (March 4).—No. 2 com, 50@

SUI/ac; No. 2 yellow, 501F4c; May, 521120;

July, 531/30 per bu.



Oatts.~’l,‘he market in this cereal has

remained fairly steady with prices rul-

ing within an exceedingly narrow range.

Primary receipts appeared to be slightly

below those of last week. On the local

market trading is light. One year ago

Standard oats were quoted at 56c per

bu. Detroit quotations are as follows:





No. 3



Standard. White.

Thursday ................ 35 34

Friday ................... 35 34

Saturday ................ 34% 33%,

'Monday .................. 34 ii; 33 ‘34

'l‘uesday ................ 341?; 33 34

\Vednesday . . .. ............ 34‘}; 33%





Chicago, (March 4).~I\'o. 2 oats, 32c;

N0. 2 white, 3460341,“; May, 84c; July,

34c per bu.



Beans.—There is scarcely any business

being done on the local market in this

deal and nominal prices are 1th lower

than a week ago. lmnn-diatc, prompt

and February shipments are now quoted

at $1.95; May, $2.05 per bu.



Chicago, (March 4).~—l‘rices here rule

about 5c lowcr than a week earlier.

Choice offerings find ready sulc, while

the bulk, which is madc up oi.‘ common

and inferior kinds move slowly. Hand-

picked pea beans, choice, are now quot-

ctl at $2.206is2.25; prime, $205612“): rod

kidneys, new, $2.25; do. old, $1.756il1.85

per bu.



Clover Seed—An easy tone prevails in

the clover seed market with prices show-

ing a further decline of 25c during the

week, prime spot now being quoted at

$11.25 per bu. On the other hand, prime

aISike shows a better demand and has

advanced 50c over last week’s price, the

present quotations being; $12.75 per bu.



Toledo, (March 4).~-Secd values have

been reduced in all departments at this

place. Prime spot and March delivery

are quoted at $11.20; April. $11.10; alslke,

prime spot and March, $12.85.



Timothy Seed—Transactions are re-

reported at slightly advanced prices, 40

bags being sold on Tuesday at $1.65 per

buf‘. which is a 5c advance over a week

ago.



Toledo, (March 4).—Prices higher, cash

and March, $1.621/4‘; April, $1.671/2.



Rye.—L—No change is noted in the con-

dition of this market, trade being slow

and remaining at 621/2c per bu for No. 2

rye, the price ruling last week.



Chicago, (March 4).—Values have ad-

vanced a cent, No. 2 now being quoted

at 626063c per bu.



Barley.——Chicago, (March 4).—Prices

show slight improvement and now rule

at 49@71c per bu., according to grade,





~





FLOUR AND FEEDS.





 





Floun—‘Jobbing lots ln‘% paper sacks

are selling on the Detroit market per 196

lbs. as follows:' Best patent, $5.80; sec-

ond, $5.40; straight, $4.90; spring pat-

ent, $5.30; rye flour, $4.60 per bb’l.



Feed.—Detroit jobbing prices in 100-

lb. sacks are as follows: Bran, $24;

coarse middlings, $24; fine middlings, $29;

cracked corn, $25; coarse corn meal,

$22.50; corn and oat chop, $21 per ton.



Hay.—The heavy supply prevents the

market from recovering and the demand

is so slow that values show a further

decline in all' grades. Carlots on track

at Detroit, No. 1 timothy, $13.50@14; N0.

2, $116012; light mixed, $12.50@13; No. 1

mixed, $116912 per ton. . ,4 .



Chicago.——Demand fair; better grades

lower. Choice timothy, $16@17 per, ton;

N0. 1, $146015; No.‘ 2 and No. 1 mixed,

$126013; No. 3 and No. 2 mixed, $6@

10; clover, $66011; alfalfa, choice, $17@

18; do. No. 1, $15@16.50 per ton.



New York—Market steady; standard,

$18.50@19.50 per ton; No. 1, $20@21; light

clover, mixed, $18.



Straw.—Lower. Car lot prices on wheat

and oat straw 0n Detroit market are $8

@850 per ton; rye straw, $9@10 per ton.



Chicago—Rye straw lower; other kinds

steady. Rye, $7697.50; wheat straw, $6@

6.50; oat straw, $6667 per ton.



New York—Rye straw, $20 per ton.





DAIRY AND PQULTRY PRODUCTS.





 





Buti’cer.—An advance of 1/20 at Elgin on

Monday was followed by similar or great-

er gains in most of the big markets.

Continued cold weather no doubt had an

iniluence and although stocks are not

burdensome, and the demand is very

good, and the advance is regarded as

merely temporary. Locally no change is

recorded, jobbing prides ruling as fol-

lows: Fancy creamery, 35c per lb;

gusts, 331/550; dairy, 22c; packing stock,

00.



Eight—Market firm at 35c.



Chicago—A steady, even demand for

all gradeS, and weather conditions not

favorable to increased production, are

given credit for the general advance in

this market. The feeling is firm with

all kinds 1/26L‘1c higher. Quotations are:

Extra creamery, 351/2617360; extra first’s,

3494260350; firsts, 3261'33c; seconds. 296:4)

300; dairy extras, 32c; firsts, 25fi>26c;

seconds, 220; packing, 12@21c as to qual-

ity.



New York—Steady and higher, both

creameries and dairies showing 16011/20

advance. Creamery extras, 3614611370;

iirsts, 341/26036c; seconds 32%6534c; thirds

3061:32c; state dairy, best, 346035c; good

to prime, 296B$3c; common to fair, 2460

28c; packing, 1661.210 as to quality.



Eggs.—Fear of an accumulation of

supplies appears to be exerting a strong

influence upon egg prices. Offerings are

very liberal at all points, with quality

such as to lessen expense of grading.

The tendency during the past week has

been toward lower values. the decline at

most points averaging about 1c. At De-

troit current offeringS, candied, and cases

included, are quoted at 1911c per dozen.



Chicago—The week opened with offer-

ings still heavier than a week ago, re-

sulting in an easy feeling an] declining

prices. Only choice lots command top

quotations. Mi9ceallaneous receipts,

cases included, are quoted at 1760180; do.

cases returned, 161/560171/20; ordinary

firsts, 161/260171/2c: firsts, 1894c; refriger—

ators, firsts, 136F14c per dozen.



New York—This market is weak fol-

lowing a decline of a full cent since last

Week. Fresh gathered extras. 226923c;

firsts, 201/26I221c; seconds and lower

grades, 19@20c; western gathered whites

2460270 per dozen.



Poultry.~The local market is very

firm under extremely light receipts, and

the high values of some weeks past con-

tinue to rule. Quotationsz' Live—Spring

chickens. 166816140; hens, 166F161/yc; No.

2 hens, 1261‘14c; old roosters. 1061712c;

turkeys. 19613200; geese, 15610151/éc; ducks

19617200 per



Chicago—Chickens) of all kinds are

quoted 1c higher, due to good local de-

mand. Other poultry steady and un-

changed. Quotations on live are: Tur-

keys, good Weight, 15c; others, 100; fowls

good, 15c; spring chickens. 16c; ducks,

large, fat, 17c; do. thin. ordinary, 1564)

16c; geese, full feathered, 130; do., pluck-

ed. 8fi>10c per lb.



New York—Dressed stock quiet with

practically no change in values. Fresh

killed western chickens, 14617150; fowls,

1367170; turkeys, 1460240 pcr lb.



Cheese.———T’Vholesale lots: Michigan flats

15144261116c; New York flats. 18@18%c;

brick cream, 171/26018c; limburger, 18@

19c. '



Veal.—Detroit.——Ste‘idy and unchanged.

Fancy, 13l((l]31/§7(‘; common. 1061112c.



Chicago—Fair to choice, 80@1101bs..

86(14c; extra fancy stock, 14140; fair to

good chunky, 1234460130.





 





 





 





FRUITS AND VEGETABLES.





 





Apples.—~Altlmugh prices show little

change thee is slight improvement in

the trade locause of a good demand due

largely to the prevailinglow prices. De-

troit ouoiations row are: Fancy, per

bbl., $2.50@3.50; ordinary, 75c@$1.50 per

bbl.



Chicago—Arrivals are light and market

is showing firmness and increased ac—

tivity. There are complaints of many

varieties not keeping well in cold stor-

age. Quotations ruling from $2@4 per

bbl. .



Potatoes—Prices steady, with the lo-

cal trade dull and well supplied. Michi-

gan stock in car lots, 4363450.



Chicago—With an ample supply of

potatoes and a week demand values show

another cent reduction the past week.

Fancy Michigan stock. 4560470 per bu;

be‘islzt‘Wisconsin, 42@47c; Minnesota, 44



c.



New York—Potatoes could not main-

tain the activity of ten; days ago and

have-glapsed into ' dullness again with





 





MARCH 8.‘ 19.13.;





stoéks largely increased. Michigan of- heavy steers sold at $9.10, $9.15emd: $9.25

ferings are 'in comparatively good de- in a few instances, choice steers being

mand on a basis of 59@60c delivered. scarce, and prime heifers advanced to

Cabbage—The, local market is still $8.25. Hogsvshot up abo’ut‘20'c On inade-

flooded with offerings and prices remain quate offerings, with brisk sales at $8.30

at the low point occupied this winter, @8.70. Hogs received last week aver-

$1@1.25 per,_,bbl. In New York the finest aged 232. lbs, compared with 227 lbs. a

offerings free from frost are going at $9 month ago, 217 lbs. a year ago, 229le.

@11 per ton. The market at Chicago is two years ago and 211 lbs, three years

Without life and Holland is going at $5.50 ago. Sheep and lambs were activeand

@6 per ton. advancing, with prime handy-weight

Onions.—Market continues depressed lambs bringing $8.85. . ‘

with prices unchanged. Local sales are Cattle were slow of sale early last





for 50@55C per bu for- good StOCk-- At week at lower' prices, with a good Mon— .





Chicago best. yellows free from frost arB day run fol- these days,0f Small consump—

marketed at 750 and reds at 600 per bu. tion of beef, but later in the week when

—‘———— it was seen that the aggregate receipts

MISCELLANEOUS, for the entire week were going to be



__ unusually light. there was a good rally

Wool.~—(Boston).——Manufacturers are in the market. The transactions in beef





 





taking just enough wool from day to steers below $7 were insignificantwwith .





day to Supply immediate needs. This the buylk of the sales at $7.75@8.65 and

policy has had a slightly depressing ef— fair sales of prime heaVy beeves at $8.70

fect upon the markets, but prices are av- @9. The common to fair class ofsteers

eraging about steady for Michigan stocks. went at $7618, medium lots going be-

TheI foreign trade is strong, prices in tween $8 $and $8.4? and a 'ghood kind gi-

Eng and Showing upward tendencies. fered at .840 an over, w to desira e

Among the leading domestic‘ quotationjs ye-arlings sold at $5698.15. The 'strikiifig

are: Michigan fleeces—Fine unwashe , feature of the mar ‘et t is season is t e

20611210; delaine unwashed, 24%@25c; 1,43- remarkable advance that has taken place

blood unwashed, 27@28c; %-blood un— in the cheaper grades of steers, while

washed, 29@3OC. the small demand for the- best beeves

$2Pr‘ovislonlsr—Me‘rss pork gggbf‘zagmilyhpork has caused them to fall back to near

. 3@24: C ear ac {Si .; ams, where they sold a year ago. The market

16$§@171/2C; bTiSketS. 12%(‘17131/20; bacon, is the best ever known for short—fed

1660171/2c; shoulders, 13c; picnic hams, steers and butcher stock, as well as

1.26F12l’20; pure lard in tierces, 111/20; for cutters and canners, the popular de-

kettle rendered lard, 131/20 per lb. _ mand in the retail meat markets of the

Honey.—Ch0ice to fancy comb, white country running 011 medium and cheap

1761’18cper1b; amber,14@16c; extracted. light cuts of beef. Cows and heifers

91/260100 per lb. adapted for the butcher trade have been

——-———————- going at $460618, with cutters selling at

DETROIT RETAIL PRICES. $4.10@4i.55, cannclrs at‘ $3.10@4.05 and

bulls at $417569? The rapid rise in prices

for short-fed cattle. and the superabund-

restricted amount of business Tuesday, 29““ 0f Chef”), feed eveiywhere "719.91

the sellers being fairly well satisfied with armers to make renewed efforts to refill

the easy $4193 and prices. The bulk of their feedlots, and fan numbers of stock-

. . ers and feeders are going back to the

offerings conststed of apples, potatoes, , t' . ‘. f l .

and cabbage. The market is still re- c1091? 13:1 “lfi‘lme 9 New unprecedented

ceiving offerings of cull apples which are teagngss.” b}°Ck $9815 have been selling

Sold around 45c per bu. For the better at "93’7"? and \telghty‘feeders at $‘@

"rades values range from 600 to $1 per 8, With limited sales of" prime selected

bu., selected Benb Davis selling around feedersf a-t $81,161,825. “ONE and. fired;

70c and the best Steele Red at $1. Po- 16% lge‘ Gaslwerel‘. bi'lfce and firm at 3’0'2"

tatoes are generally held at 550 although b“ j]. ' f d.4v‘36(, 11234.61 good outlet on the

some inferior offerings were sold Tuesday l'dhs 0 13?," “-l. '” per 100 lbs., .“lth

at 50c while a good lot went at 60c. lg t V9.21 91‘” Chle‘ly called for. Milkers

Cabbage found sale around 250 for whit'e and Springel‘s had a fair sale at $451085

and 450 for red. Onions, 5061‘1550; pars- pelrl h‘ifld' , .

pins, 400: beets, 30c; carrots, 30c per 0gb 112,138.,bee” coming to market

bu. Rhubarb, 306t35c per large bunch. mu“? more freely Since the advance to

Loose hay is $1661.20 per ton giggmes lilltliaib enabled ffarmers to obtain

' . per s. on tie arm, and the in—

, creased offerings served to bring about

lobbers arericijngatphlgs'lcountry trade several sharp reactions. Thus far own-

1260 for] good dairy “butter and only 160 SEC?1:35::31)ftggllfilggdlztfltgrtsbiggigmig

or ‘)ac(in stoct. 1 r ' , , , - , -' . -. . . . -

ing 11119c forg‘ eggs1 but ribomddde 12:82:13)?!) Pgégfb’haavgd ($3,653.83: £10 Illfiifiofesggcimgg

note price Tuesday. The potato market . I .‘ ‘. . ., . . 5,,

is quiet, drifted roads making delivery ngtatlgugfiuflfift: Typeizl; [19 b9 brlaht

iml‘igssitble. Greenville dealers report 400 season The sfitiigtxaggdori’esiviiliteeliiilnfegge

33. 95 price paid for D0tatO€S~ Grain ing districts is an undis. - « -

prices paid at the mills ar . o '1- - -. . ‘ ‘ . ._ puted fact, and

\\'hc:it. $1.06; oats, 34c; corn}. eliticzfoblea‘hqs' :ilus 1.41 Ulla .paCkEI-S', have been unable

$1150 Live hens are worth 12@1?c , ‘o o‘ccu‘mu‘ateu then customary good

__ J - stocks of piov1slons, as the requirements

.____ of the fresh meat trade Were enormous,

while they had to compete with liberal

buying by eastern shippers of hogs, as





 





 





Eastern Market.—~This market: did





 





 





THE LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





 





Buffalo. well as with extensive 0 ' ‘

._ pelations by lo-

March 3 1913. cal speculators Ho ; '

4 ' , .. gs now mat keted

(bpecxal Report of Dunning & Stevens, show up well in quality, and their av-

New York Central Stock Yards, erage weight has increased materially





.East Buffalo, New York). since the firs “ ' ‘ ' '



Receipts of stock here today as follows: mand centersE OtistllsEti'lciiieg’blirlx[ageigverDa-i

Cattle, 90 cars; hiprgs. 70 double decks; choice light weights, with strong weight

sgggphgapél lambS, to double decks; calves pigs selling very high, because of the



. ' . fresh pork trade. Mediun '



“um 90 cars of, cattle on our market sell next best, with extremelywfilegaryty i133:

here today, and With only 16,000 reported going lowcst of all. Farmers should hold

in Chicago, we'liad an active market their healthy hogs until they wei h

from start to finlsh. and by noon every- around 250 lbs. and good breedi ‘ogs

111mg was well sold, out. All grades of should not be ’sold at all. At (353 in?

grime sold fully 106L250 per cwt.. higher last week prime hogs brought $8 70 ‘th:



an last week. r highest price yet reached, and the week



r e quote. Best 1350 to 1.)00-lb. steers, closed with hogs selling at $8638 521/. or

$8‘00@9, good to prime 1200 to 1300-”). a trifle lower than a week earlier TV”

$288?) $8.t2n6t»8.4§73 soroglgo prime 1100 to brought $6.656118.15. ' L35

. — . s eel-S, - .75le . ; coarse, plain- Sheepand lambs have '

lsh .1100 to 1200-1b. steers, 237.506.37.85: deal in values of late \gililcitulilitlfgr: 53;;(3

medium butcher steers, 1000 to 1100, $7.25 ing strenuous objections to paying Lthe

6ur7.75;_butcher steers. 950 to 1000, $7619 recent outside prices for fat lambs of

7.00; light butcher_steers, $650607; bestf handy Weight, and even sheep and yea"-

fat cows, $6.;i0@7.2o; butcher cows, $5.25 lings reacted after reachinw materiall

6110.25; light butcher cows, 3345060525; advanced figures. iSven at Argduced nice:

cutters, $4694.505 trimmerS, $350604; best anything choice in the live nuttorli lip»

fat he1fers,_$‘7.50608;l medium butcher looks extrcmelv high when (‘Omjar‘eei

heifers, '56.7ilfilj7.2'5; light do.. $5.756D6.25; with former years and most ‘offcI-rin;

stock hetfers,_$4.otl(d5; best feeding steers are made good and fat before senlig

dfhonlea, 356,2n6r6.75; light common stock- to market. so that buyers in search 21%

ers, $5635.50; prime export bulls, $675607; feeders ilnd it almost impossible to se-

best butcher bulls, $6.256IL'6.75; bologna cure stock, evcn at the fancvlprilce‘ nlow

bull“, '$:).:)0@6; Stock bulls, $4.75@5.50; prevailing. Buyers of fat stock {avari—

best milkers and springers, $65@75;com— ably prefer the medium weights and

mon to fair kind do.. $406050. heavy lots are discriminated againgt “ind



Receipts of hogs today were very light; go at a big discount. .\t the cloqe‘ Of

only 70 double decks on sale. Demand last week lambs were salable at $6 5061)

was good from both packers and ship-8.75, yearlings at $7607.85 wethers‘ at

l>?I'S. and the general market 206F250 $6.40@6.95, ewes at $4.256i‘6'40 and backs

higher than Saturday. All light grades at $4614.75. Feeding and sheiring lambs

selling at $9.25; mixed hogS, $9.156D9.20; brought $7.5061850, feeding Lwethers $5

some extreme heav1es at $9, and a few 605.50 and feeder yearlings $66116 50 i .

up to $9.10: roughS, $86,178.25; stags. $6.50 Horses are becoming more active and

617. 'Market closed steady and about ev- prices are growing iirmerii‘or the bei'ter

e-ry‘thing sold. class, with prospects of their going high—

. lhe sheep _:'I.nd lamb market was 80- cr by the time the spring trade is at its

ttve today, With prices about steady with best. butint‘erioranimals areas slow and

the. close of last week. Most of the weak as evm‘. The poorest horses "t; at

chance lambs selling from $969.10. Year~ $756.1«100 her head. with drivers ’qvfiabie

hugs front $7.5061‘8.25. Look for little at 31410069200 and farm chunks iniexcevl-

better prices the last of the week, with lent demand at $140®215 and good teams

moderate receipts: ‘ salable at $3506i‘390. Drafters are going



We_quote: Chmce_ lambs. $9639.10; cull at 5517560250 singly and up ,0 $2506l7°00

to fa.” (10,, $6628.85; yearling wethers, for the few choice to extra ones. orré'r'éd

“@3325; yearling ewes, $7617.50; wethers Big manufacturing firms have buyersin

$3,7,,@7; handy ewes, 5562569640: heavy the market looking for high-class draft-

ewes, $6636.25: cull sheep, $3.506D5.25; ers. a. ‘ F

bucks. $4@4.75; veals, choice to extra, '





$11.50@12; fair to good do., $8.50@11; STATE H“ ' .

heavy calves, $450636. ORT'CULTURAL“ SOCIETY





__ MEETING AT JACKSON,

Chicago, MARCH 18-119.

C March 3, 1913. ' ‘



. . attle. Hogs. Sheep. ,The winter meeting of' tla , \--’

Received today ..... 16,000 32 000 20.000 Horticultural Society" will tfefiixglrdigaig

Same day last year..18,621 50.809 31.023 Jackson. March 18-19, in conjunctiOn with

Received laSt week..43,663 166.599 82,492 the Jackson County Fruit Gr’owei‘S’ ‘As-

Same- week last year.46,771 181.932 112.166 vsociation. which. has over 120 active mam-



Receipts of 'cattle. today are surpris- ‘bers. The program is to include Drag-

inglysman for~ a. Monday. and prices are tical addresses and discussions on the





 





largely 15@25c hi her. for desirable lots, growing and marketingof fmits. There .





with’competition etween buyers. Prime will also be a fine fruit s‘h'ow.
.c—m





 





Manor; 8, 1913., ,. . ’





., .

THISJS THE FIRST EDITION.





In‘ the' first edition the Detroit Live

stock marketsare reports of last. week;

all other markets are‘ right up to date.

Thursday's Detroit .Live Stock markets

are given in the last ‘edition. The first

edition is‘mailed Thursday, the last edi-

tion Friday morning. The first edition is

mailed to those who care more to get the





paper early than they do for Thursday’s ,





Detroit Live Stock market report. You

may have any editmn desired. Subscrib-

ers may change from one edition to an-

other by dropping us a card to that effect.





 





DETROIT LIVE SToc'K MARKETS.

Thursday's Market.

February 27, 1913.

Cattle.





Receipts, 1264. Market dull at Wed-

nesday and lasr weekfs prices.



We quote: Best steers, $8@8.50; steers

and heifers, 1000 to 1200, $7@7.50; do.

800 to 1000, $6.25@7; do. that are fat, 500

to 700, $5@6.25; choice fat cows, $6@6.50;

good do., $5@5.50; common do., $4614.50;

canners, $350614; choice heavy bulls, $6

@675; fair to good bolognas, bulls, $5.25





' (905.75; stock bulls, $450695; choice feed-





ing steers, 800 to 1000, $6@6.50; fair do.,

800 to 1000, $5.50@5.75; choice st'ockers,

500 to 700‘, $5.50@6; fair do., 500 to 700,

$5@5.50; milkers, large, young, medium

age, $50@70; common milkers, $35@_45.

Roe Com. Co. sold Sullivan 1'. Co. 9

butchers av 871 at $6.85, 2 cows av 875

at $4, 1 heifer weighing 530 at $5.50. 4





steers av 1175 at $8, 4 do av 025 at $7;'





to Newton B. ()0. 26 butchers av 612 at

$6.10; to Sullivan 1’. Co. 1 cow weighing

840 at $4, 3 do av 1213 at $5.75, 2 do av

1020 at $5.50, 2 do av 1090 at $4.60, 1 do

weighing 1150 at $5.50, 2.stecrs av 875

at $6.60; to Nagle 1’. Co. 2 cows av 1270

at $6.25, 2 do av 1015 at $5, 2 do av 985

at $5.25, 7 do av 1077 at $6; to Kamman

B. Co. 5 butchers av 750 at $5.50, 9 do

av 802 at $6.50; to Rattkowsky 1 cow

weighing 970 at $4.50; to Hammond, S. &

Co. 5 butchers av 738 at $6, 1 cow weigh—





ing 930 at $4; to Mich. B. Co. 2 do av

1030 at $5.25; to Thompson Bros. 1 do

weighing 1130 at $5, 1 steer Weighing





960 at $7.



Spiccr 8.: R. sold Sullivan 1”. C0. 2 cows

av 920 at $5.25, 7 do av 874 at $4.60, 12

butchers av 685 at $6.70; to Newton B.

Co. 5 rows av 928 at $6, 3 butchers av

713 at $5.40, 13 steers av 841 at $7, 5 do

av 784 at $6.50, 1 cow weighing 740 at

$4.50, 8 butchers av 792. at $6.75, 2 cows

av 1080 at $5.50; to Nagle 1’. Co. 25

steers av 1122 at $7.65. 7 do av 951 at

$5.50; to Mason B. Co. 9 do av 870 at

$7.25.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Bresnahan, Jr.,

14 heifers av 564 at $5.50; to Newton B.

Co. 6 butchers av 816 at $5.75, 1 cow

weighing 900 at $4, 1 stcer weighing 1030

at $6.75, 3 do av 980 at $7, 10 butchers av

849 at $5.75, '6 cows av 840 at $4, 1 do

weighing 1110 at $5.50; to Mason B. CO.

2 do av 1.050 at $5.25, 3 steers av 870 at

$6.75, 2 cow and bull av 915 at $6; to

Sullivan 1’. Co. 2 cows av 930 at $5.75, 1

do weighing 690 at $4.75, 6 steers av 960

at $7, 5 cop's av 928 at $5.25; to Nagle

P. Co. 3 do av 1010 at $5.25, 16 steers av

1053 at $7.65, 3 do av 873 at $5.25; to

Kamman B. Co. 16 butchers av 74:: at

$6.40, 4 COWS av 1000 at $5.50, 6 steers

av 860 at $7; to Hammond, S. & Co. 3

Cows av 900 at $4.25, 2 do av 1105 at

$5.25, 3 steers av 823 at $6.75, 25 do av

1025 at $7.50, 5 do av 884 at $7.25, 1 bull

weighing 1600 :it $6.25, 12 steers av 922

at $7; to Nagle P. Co. 1 bull weighing

1680 at $6.75; to Hammond. S. & Co. S

cows av 1000 at $4.15; to Newton B. Co.

25 steers av 863 at $7, 1 bull weighing

1120 at $7, 1 do weighing 680 at $5.50, 2

heifers av 620 at $3.75; to Breitenbeck 30

butchers av 916 at $6.90; to Sullivan P.

Co. 6 do av 860 at $6.75, 5 cows av 1020

at $5.50, 6‘ do UV 950 at $4.75; to Ratt-

kowsky 4 do av 1102 at $5.65.



Haley & M. sold Sullivan P. CO. 3

cows av 826 at $4, 3 butchers av 683 at

$6, 2 cowsav 755 at $4.25, 1 do weighing

710 at $4, 2 do :iv 1160 at $5.90, 4 do av

925 at $4.50; to i‘aglc 1’. Co. 3 do av 1270

at $6, 2 do av 1085 at $5, 17 steers av 959

at $7.27,, 3 cows av 1093 at $5.85; to \\ y-

ness 1 heifer weighing 750 at $6.60, 1 do

weighing 680 at $6.50; to Mich. B. Co.

15 butchers av 966 at $6, 9 do av 73.? at

$6.30; to Mason B. Co. 9 do av 808 :it

$6.35; to Grant 6 do av 400 at $5,10 do

av 837 at $5.10: to Newton B. Co. 1 cow

weighing 680 at $3.75. 1 do weighing 900

at $4; to Mich. 1:. Co. 2 bulls av 865 at

$5.85, 2 cows av 1040 at $6, 2 steers av

860 at $6.75, 1 cow weighing 1090 at

$5.50, 6 butchers av 526 at $5.75, 5 steers

av 784 at $6.75, 2 cows av 855 at $6, 3

steers av 873 at $7, 3 do av 697 at $6.75;

to Goose 8 cows av 920 at $4.60; to Mason

B. Co. 4 do av 835 at $4.50, 2 do av 950

at $5.50. 2 steers av 835 Ht $7: to Sulli-

van P. Co. 1 bull weighing 1670 at $6.75,

2 cows av 990 at $3.50; to Hirschleman 23

butchers av 667 at $6.50.



Weeks sold some 8 butchers av 836 at

$5.75, 30 steers av 881 at $7.20.‘





Veal Calves.





Receipts, 476. Market steady at last

week's prices. Best. $10@,11; others,

$5.50@9.50; milch COWs and springers,





good grades strong. _

Bishop, B. & H. sold Rattkowsky 1

weighing 140 at $9.50, 2 av 150 at $9.50.

2 av 130 at $9; to Parker, VV. & Co. 26

av 140 at $10, 2 av 145 at $10.50; to Goose

5 av 125 at $10; to M Goose 6 av 125

at $9.50, 10 av 129 at $9.50; to Parker,

1V. & Co. 3 av 140 at $10, 8 av 125 at $10,

1 weighing 190 at.$6.50, 4 av 155 at $10.50;

to McGuire 7 av 180 at $11, 1 weighing

140 at $10, 4 av 120 at $8, 3 av 140 at

$10; to Mich. B. CO. 9 av 150 at $10.50,

16 av 135 at: $10; to Hammond, S. & Co.

6 av 155 at $11, 5 av 150 at $10.50, 6 av

140 at $10, 5 av 165 at $6, 1 weighing 150

at $11, 4 av 140 at $10. 1 weighing 110

at $9, 8 av 140 at $10.50; to Burnstine 11

av 140 at $10. 6 av 145 at $10, 10 av 160

at $10, 8 av 160 at $10.50, 8 av 155 at





$10.50.

Bennett & S. sold Nagle P. Co. 17





sheep av 130‘ at $5.25





Haley & M. sold Newton B. 00. 2 av

150 at $10; to Kull 11'a'v 150 at $10; to

Costello.,6 av 155 at $8.50, 1 weighing 190

at.$7; to Goos‘e 3 av 115 at $8, 6 av 140

at, $10.50; to Mich. B. ‘00. 6 av 125 at

$10; to Goose 19 av 120 at $9.50; to

Thompson Bros. 7 av 150 at $10; ’to Ratt-

kowsky 12 av 125 at $10, 5 av 120 at

$9.50, 8 av 150 at $9.50. 2 av 115 at $7;

to'Mich. B. Co. 3 av 155 at $10.50.



Dancer & K. sold Newton B. Co. 13 av

135 at $10.25, 3 av 120 at $8.



Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts, 2736. Market steady at last

week’s and Wednesday’s prices. Best

lambs, $8.40@8.50; fair do., $8@8.25; light

to common do., $6@6.75; fair to good

Shzgep, $5@5.75; culls and common, $3@

4. .



Bishop, B. & H.'sold Moore 7 feeding

lambs av 60 at $7.50, 54 do av 70 at

$7.50, 29 do av 60 at $7.50; to Thompson

Bros. 24 do av 55 at $6; to Nagle P. Co.

141 lambs av 80 at $8.50, 19 do av 75 at

$8.35, 46 do av 77 zlt $8.50, 14 do av 80 at

$8.50, 133 sheep av 100 at $5.10, 15 do av

95 at $4.50, 11 do av 95 at $4; to Sullivan

1’. C0. 20 lambs av 55 at $6.50; to Breit-

enbeck 15 sheep av 80 at $5; to Moore

57 lambs av 60 at $7.50; to Thompson

Bros. 20 do av 45 at $5.60; to Parker, W.

& Co. 83 yearlings av 80 at $7.50; to

Mich. 13. Co. 25 lambs av 65 at $7, 32 do

av 60 at $7, 16 do av 45 at $5.50, 19 sheep

av 130 at $5.50, 42 do av 90 at $5.25; to

Richardson 22 feeders av 67 at $7.25, 25

do av 60 at $7.75; to Fitzpatrick Bros.

34 lambs av 80 at $3.40, 41 sheep av 100

at $5.75, 1 buck weighing 180 at $4.50.



Spiccr & R. sold Mich. B. Co. 12 sheep

av 105 at $5.25; to Newton ll. Co. 37

lambs av 70 at $8; to Thompson Bros.

11 sheep av 88 at $4.50; to Costello 16

lambs av 50 at $7.25; to Mich. B. Co. 19

Sheep av 100 at $5.75, 19 lambs av 55

at $8; to Newton B. CO. 44 do av 65 at

$8; to Costello 16 do av 55 at $7; to

Young 49 do av 75 at $8.50.



Roe Com. Co. sold Young 29 lambs av

105 at $8.50; to Barlage 31 do av 75 at

$8.40. 15 do av 55 at $7; to Sullivan P.

Co. 16 sheep av 115 at $4.50.



Haley & M. sold Thompson Bros. 7

sheep av 75 at $3.50, 13 do av 100 at $5;

to Newton B. CO. 26 lambs av 55 at $7,

25 do av 60 at $8, 15 sheep av 80 at

$5.50; to Mich. B. Co. 8 lambs av 78 at

$8, 18 sheep av 130 at $5, 4 lambs av 50

at $8, 12 sheep av 100 at $5; to Nagle P.

Co. 102 lambs av 75 at $8.50.





095.

None sold at noon;

\Vednes-





Receipts, 3139.

sales were 5c lower than on

day or last week.



Range of prices: Light to good butch-

ers, $8.40; pigs. 3384565850; light yorkcrs.

$§35@8‘40; heavy, $8.25; stags one-third

o .



Bishop, B. & H. sold Hammond, S. R:





Co. 1850 av 170 at $8.40, 610 :tv 215 at , '





$8.35.



Same sold Newton B. Co. 317 av 180

at $8.40.



Haley & M. sold Parker, W. & Co.





408 av 180 at $8.40.



Sundry shippers sold same 1020 av 190

at $8.40.



Roe Com. C0. sold Sullivan P. Co. 275

av 190 at $8.40.



Friday’s Market.

February 28, 1913.

Cattle.



Receipts this week, 1685; last week,

1529; market steady at Thursday's

prices; run very light. Best steerS, $8;

steers and heifers, 1000 to 1200, $7657.75;

do. 800 to 1000, $6.25(a‘7.60; do. that are

fat. 500 to 700. $5.50616.25: choice fat

cows, $6@6.50; good do., $5605.50; com—

mon cows, $467450; canners, $3.50@4;

choice heavy bulls, $6617; fair to good

bologna bulls, $5615.75; stock hulls, $4.50

«14.75; choice fecding steers, 800 to 1000,

$6617; fair do., 800 to 1000, $550616;

choice stockers, 500 to 700, $550606; fair





do., 500 to 700, $5fil5.50; milkers, large,

young, medium age, $50@80; common





milkers,‘ $35@45.

Veal Calves.

Receipts this week, 728; last week 747;





market steady with Thursday; quality

common. Best, $105111; others, $5@9.50;





milch cows and springers steady.

Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts this week. 3844; last week,

5964. Market steady at Thursday's

prices. Best lambs, $8.4067850; fair do.,

$775718; light to common lambs, $5.50@

6.50; fair to good sheep, $5@5.75: culls

day: light to good butchers, $8.55; pigs,

$8.55; light yorkers, $8.55; heavy, $8.45@

8.50; sings one—third off.

and common, $3614: western wethers, $8;

wcstern ewes, $7607.35.

Hogs.

week, 4874;





Receipts this last week,





.Leading Chicago live stock commis-

sxon lirms arc advising their country pa-

trons who have healthy, thrifty pigs,

shoals and immature swine to hold on

to them. as they will pay well in the end

for their keep and good care until at-

taining maturity. . But the good fat hogs

that weigh around 250 lbs. and heavier

should be sent to market at earliest con-

venzence, for it is always assuming a

big risk to hold fat stock with the ex-

press purpose of striking a higher mar-

e .





We Want HAY 81 STRAW





_ We get the top price on consignments

liberal advancements and prompt remitiielgggs?





Daniel McCaflrey’s Sons Co.





.. . PITTSBURG, PA.



. , .W “ “ Trultf‘ , “oranybenhinOlty

' —-Mi h.

SEED CORN gmown £9120: I«Dania home





Golden Fleece and Reg. Swedish 'Seleot 02th. “5:301:16





for sample sndciroular. EA. Bywater,Memphis,Mloh





 





ermlnat n. 82.50 or b . 1 free

on . 1:. LAPHAM. R 8. Bl]. ggfiiigd'uliggigm. '





H AY fig: Berwglm lots to us.

. Detroit. . - 0111101“) 4.30..





 





T H E ,Mii CH ion N. {FA RM E R





 





 





 





HI'I‘E Capo Dent Seed Corn. fire dried. 99$»





 





 





OOFING that



. needs paint ev-



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Practical men

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They know What a

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They know how lia-





Why Practical Men

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53, ble they are to neg-





 

 





   





lect to paint their roofs at the prop-

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Painted roofings are waterproof

only ,where the paint is. Amatite is

waterproof all the way through.



Amatite is sold in the usual con-

venient rolls of 110 square feet with

a smooth lap where the mineral sur-

face is omitted, so as to secure a

tight joint. Nails and cement are

packed in the center of each roll.





' Free sample and booklet on re—

quest to nearest office.





 

 

 

   

   

   

   

 

   

   

   

 

   

   





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Look at these

14 CENTS A ROI)

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$1.55 for 80 rod spool of [deal

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ORIGINAL AND“ FENC

From Big or

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23%0. a rod for 49-111. farm fence.



Barbed Wire. Large frce Catalog-showing 100

For Big Profits





   

 





 





 





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Two Great Books Free





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FRANK BAACKES. Vice-Pres. and Gen. Sales Agent

American Steel & Wire Company





Chicago. New York, (’lcvclaml, Pittsburgh, Dennr;

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15’

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an't Sac Gates are furni- lote read to or at the Gate Steels which

Includ m hi . - " nap and

was... aun°m.%“aasmm “chair...





 

 

 





 





30 Ill Free Trial and





ea- Gut-me

hows-both complete Gite.

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[In roved Elevsfln Att

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324—36





 





That’s the Record





 

 





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Features that Count





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Costs Less Per Year





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Less Expense—Less Labor-Less Repairs—Longer Service





The cost of a manure spreader must be figured by the years of service it gives

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Ask the Stock-



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FEED/NG-





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is made from sugar cane and a gallon is equal in feeding

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The principle content of Gene Molasses is also Ni rogen Free

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Feed V2 Barrel at Our Risk





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what is returned You don't

time





 





DON’T CUT OUT





a SHOE BOIL. CAPPED

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PERMANENT .31 P _ me

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filiHll‘llll an " ",3. ill m m 4. "'

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SAW-HgfiflSE,.





. 57"»





 





‘ s'





THE Time Is now





All the winter long, the troubled

owner of a lame horse reads our ad-

vertisements. Then, day after day SllpS

away, while he talks, laments, listens,

takes advice and hesitatingI—FAJLS

TO ACT — till the Springtime is on

him and his horse is not yet able to

work. Meantime the thrifty, prosper-

ous, resolute man, reads, conSiders the

evidence carefully—Dec1des Prompt-

ly—and his horse is working in, say,

ten days to two weeks. That’s exactly

what happens every Winter.



We Originated the treatment of horses by

mail—Under Signed Contract to Return Mon-

ey if Remedy Fails—and every minute of ev-

ery day for seventeen years our advice and

treatments have been on the way wherever

mails go and horses are. Our charges are

moderate. Spring work is near. Write.





Our latest Ssve-the-Horse BOOK is a Mind Setticr-u

Tells How to Test for Spavin—What to Do for n Lame Horse—

Oovers 58 Forms of Lameness—lllustrawd. But writs describing

your case and we will send our BOOK — Sample Contract and

Advice—ALL FREE-to (Horse Owners and Msnagsrr-Only.



Druggists everywhere sell Save-the-Horse WITH



CONTRACT or sent by us Express Prepaid.





TROY CHEMICAL 00.. 20 Commercial. Bleghamlon. N. Y-





COTTONS E‘ED MEAL





ii rotein h than ther feed-

0 o 0‘00 -

33st. r1.” w. no a s 00.. lemphlliae ' Tenn.





 





 





AN FARMER





LIVE STOCZK NEWS.





 





The situation in the hog market could

hardly be stronger than it is, with the

shortage throughout feeding districts of

the great corn belt even more serious

than it was at first believed to be. Re-

cent receipts of hogs at primary points

proved disappointingly small, and as a.

result, prices have soared still higher,

reaching the greatest altitude seen at any

time- since last October. The spread in

prices has narrowed meanwhile, with the

great bulk of the hogs offered On the

Chicago market going within a range of

five cents per 100 pounds and prime light

hogs still bringing the best prices. East-

ern shippers have been conspicuous buy-

ers in the Chicago stock yards, their pur-

chases having undergone a marked in-

crease withln a short time, and compe-

tition between them and local packers

and speculators has made strong markets

most of the time.





Patrick Cudahy, the Milwaukee packer,

expresses himself as feeling bullish in

provisions, in a recent interview, and he

says that. in his opinion, hogs will sell

at nine cents a pound or higher in April.

Most of the hog shippers from the coun-

try with whom he has talked believe that

the next summer is the time when the

real shortage of hogs will be felt, and he

points out that a live hog costing 81/40

per pound amounts to a cost of a little

over 10c per pound dressed, or about the

recent price paid for loose steam render-

ed lard. Mr. Cudahy goes on to point

out that it is the beginning of the cotton

planting season, and when the negro

works, he must have his pork. Mean-

while the accumulations of pork. ribs

and lard have been very much smaller

during the four months of the winter

packing season than in mOSt formler

years, owing to the light receipts of hogs

and the big consumption of hog products,

especially of fresh pork. He adds: “\Ve

are now just at the beginning of the

three months when receipts of hogs are

generally light and trade big. I believe

we will see a tight situation in both ribs

and lard between 'now and May 1. It

would not take- much of a capitalist to

pay for the 8,000 barrels of pork in the

country, and I will wager that there is

upwards of 250,000 barrels of pork sold

on the Chicago Board of Trade today.

Lord and ribs are selling for below cost

price."



Never has the situation in the- sheep

induslx‘y been stronger than it is now,

with the great shortage in feeding dis-

tricts generally and the good demand for

mutton. Reactions in prices after booms

in lambs, ye-al‘lings, wcthers and ewes

still leave values far in advance of for-

mer years, and fortunately for the in-

terests of sheepmen everywhere, the Col-

orado sheepmeu are taking plenty of time

in marketing their lambs and thereby

prevenllng a glut and thus breaking val-

ues. Feeding stations around Chicago

have been kept pretty well filled with

these choice flocks of lambs, and they are

almost invariably markctcd only when

good and fat, some iiocks being reserved

for shearing. Colorado lambs and year-

lings are marketed mostly in Chicago and

in Missouri river packing cities. The

Iowa lambs and sheep were mostly mar-

keted earlier than usual, as the singu-

larly mild, open winter and abundance

of cheap feed that was furnished un-

stintingly by their owners fattened them

quickly, and there is little danger of over

large marketings from Michigan, Ohio,

Indiana and other feeding district's. Prime

lambs have sold during the season as

high as $9.50 per 100 lbs., and prime feed-

ing lambs requiring only a short period

for finishing have brought as high as

$8.40 per 100 lbs. Most of the choicel‘

class of feeders haVe been taken by the

packers and smaller butchers in the ab-

sence of sufficient offerings of choice kill-

ers, and despite the extremely large de-

mand for feeder stock, very few have

been secured. The preference shown by

packing concerns for lambs causes much

comment, and it is‘within the bounds of

the truth to say that the market re-

quirements call for fully 75 per cent of

lambs and for not more than 25 per cent

of sheep.



The cattle markets of the country haVe

gathered fresh serength recently from

marked reductions in offerings, but the

general demand has not undergone any

great increase, although during the cold

spells of weather the consumption of

beef was reported as improved. The

great hindrance for these many months

to a. normal consumption of beef has

been its great (learucss, and complaints

have been heard from everywhere that

reductions in prices f0r carcasses by the

packers have not been followed by cor-

responding lowcring of prices by the re-

tail markets of the country. The prime]-

pal call is for light cuts of beef that can

be retailed at moderate prices. and ex-

tremely little high-priced beef is re-

quired. .



The remarkable shortage of cattle in

feeding districts throughout the country

is impelling many farmers to look around

for stocker and feeder cattle to consume-

their surplus of corn, roughage and oth-

er cheap feed, but the average stockman

balks at paying the prices asked in the

Chicago and other western markets for

prime weighty feeders. These have been

bid up to 35750617175 per 100 lbs. withln

a short time by packing firms, these

finding them acceptable for converting

into comparatively cheap bccf. Many

country buyers are substituting well-bred

light stock steers, which ecst high, it is

true. but cost less per head than heavy

feeding cattle. These smokers are pur—

chased with a view of roughing through

the winter, and putting on grass, later

and finishing off on corn. _



Buyers ofrhorses in the Chicago mar-

ket include those from many distant





points, one from British Columbiabeing‘,





seen recently. He. wanted a.mixed car

load of good horses that weighed from

1,450 lbs. upward. With express charges

of $50 per head or more. and the duty

added, horses sold to teaming concerns

in Vancouver must come high.





MARCH 8, 1913.





all”!llllllllllllllllllIllIllllllllllllllllllllll|llllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIll|lllIlllllllllllllllll__.|-‘Ej





_ Veterinary. E





fill“IlllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllHE

CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR, V. S.





Advice through this department is free

to our subscribers. Each communication

should state history and symptoms of the

case- in full; also name and address of

writer. Initials only will be- published.

Many queries are answered that apply to

the same ailments. If this column is

watched carefully you will probably find

the desired information in a *reply that

has been made to someone else. When

FEDly by mail is requested, it becomes

private practice, and a. fee- of $1.00 must

accompany the letter.





   





 





 





Contagious Abortion—I am having

considerable trouble with abortion in my

cows. Two aborted in the fall while on

grass, one two months before due, the

other four weeks too early and now an-

other one on the 14th of February; she

was due to come fresh the 26th of April.

Have four more coming in soon; now is

there danger of them; if so, what can I

do to prevent it? Have been told that

my mares will contract the disease from

the cows as they are in the same base-

ment. J. T. M., Ubly, Mich—Your mares

and your other cows are, of course, in

danger of contracting the disease, but I

am inclined to believe that the infective

germs are usually in the uterus when

they cause abortion. Heifers are more

apt to abort than aged cows. There is

no preventative; however, there are new

preventative remedies being used which

some Vets. and dairymen seem to have

confidence inand perhaps some of them

are worthy of a trial. It is extremely im-

portant to use disinfectants and as much

cleanliness as possible in your dairy and

if this is done you will doubtless prevent

it spreading. When a cow aborts the

ilftel‘bll'lli should be promptly and com-

pletely removed and together with the

foetus burned. The uterus should be

washed out with a weak solution of salt

and water; 1 oz. of salt to 2 gals, of tepid

water. 01‘ 1 dl‘_ permanganate potash in

two gallons of tepid water and these ap-

plications shOuId be made once or twice

a day for ten days or two weeks. Give

her a lablespoouful of powdered nitrate

of potash at a dose twice a day.





Inactive Udde-x'.—I have a cow that has

a large cold udder, she came fresh 51.

short time ago and is not giving nearly»

as much milk as she did two years ago.

Last year when she came fresh she was

much the same as now. Her bag has

never been tender and she is not sick.

1). P. K., Kulkaska, lVIich.——Hand-rubbiug

will greatly assist in restoring udder to

a normal condition; also rub bag with

alcohol twice a day.



Lump Jaw—Three days ago a lump

came on jaw of cow; this bunch is pain-

ful to touch and I would like to know if

her milk is fit for use. She appears to

be well 11nd healthy. J. 8., Buckley,

Mich—Apply one part red iodide mercury

and four parts lard to bunch every week

and give her 2 drs. potassium iodide at

a dose in feed two or three times a day.

When lump jaw is suppurative it is 00n-

tagious and the milk should not be used.



Sore lklders—Obstructed Teats.~ch—

era] of my cows flinch when being milk-

ed, acting as if it hurt them. There are

no bunches in bag; these c0ws are grain-

cd heavily. D. F. T., \Vayne County.—

Are you sure that the udder is not made

sore at milking time? Hand-rub udder

and give u tablespoonful nitrate of pot-

iish at a dose in feed twice a day. Bed

them well and keep them out of cold wind

and rain storms.



Opening in Side of Teat—Weakness.—-—

Jersey freshened one week ago; since

then I find a hole in side of teat from

which milk flows when she is milked.

Brood more is weak and not thriving.—

J. K., Holton. Mich—Make edge of hole

raw, _stilch edges together and apply

bol'ac'lc acid to wound twice a day. Her

grinder teeth may need floating and give

her 1 oz. gentian, 1 oz. ginger and 1,4 oz.

fenugx‘eek at a dose in feed three times

a day. Are yOu feeding her enough grain?

Feed her 1,4 pint molasses in feed twice

a day.



Septic Fever.—I-Iave a heifer that didn‘t

shed aftcrbil'th until nine days after calv-

ing; she gave 8 qts. of milk when fresh,

now she is dry. Her appetite is poor and

she is sleepy and dull. A, VV., J11, Bald-

\viu,'l\Ii.(-li.—Give her 2 drs. boric acid, 1

oz ground gention and -1 oz. ginger at a.

dose in feed or as a drench in a. pint of

water three times daily.



iVorms—Brain Trouble—Yearling colt

is not thrifty; rough coated and although

he eats plenty, keeps thin. I also have

a four-months-old pig that moves in a.

circle. always going in the same direc-

tion, but ho eats fairly good. G. N. \V.,

Delton, Mich—Give colt 1,5, oz. ground

gentiau, 1/2 oz. ground ginger and 1 dr.

ground worm seed in feed twice a day.

Giva pig 10 grs. potassium bromide at a.

dose in feed three times daily.



Abscess—Ono of my fat hogs had a,

bunch in throat the size of'a coffee cup,

which opened and discharged offensive

smelling pus, and-a core came out. A

hard bunch remains and I would'like to

know what to apply and wou‘ld‘also like

to know if his flesh would be. fit for food.

C. S., KingSIcy, Mich—Apply iodoform

to wound until it healsihemapply .tinc-

turc of iodine to bunch daily'umil hunch

is gone. In ten days his throat should be

well and if he is not suppurating from

throat his food would pass inspection if

nothing else ailed him. ,



Impaction.——Have been feeding lambs

for market in warm basement barn; am

feedingbean pods and oats, ‘About a,

week ago I noticed they began to act as

sheep do in fiy season, ' uneasy, 'with

their nose to the ground. They eat well

and are in good order. What can be done

for them? H. K., Alto, .Mich.—Feed

some roots and salt them well to increase
‘ MArz‘cn if 19i3.





‘é’thi‘rgt'.-“Einen .the water will moisten ex-

crement in bowels and they will get re-

lief. Give,,small and repeated doses of

sulphate inia'gnesia or sulphate of soda

twice a day. Feed food that has a tax-

ative tendency.



Vagin‘itis.—One of my cows came fresh

Dec. 22, and since then she has occa—

sionally had some vaginal discharge. Will

vou kindly tell me what to do for her?

C. W. H.,- Dowagiac, Mich—Dissolve 1

dr. permanganate potash in a gallon of

water and inject her every day or two.

Also give her two tablespoonfuls bicar-

bonate soda at a dose in feed three times



a . .

a glnyonic Cough—Indigestion.——One of my

three—year-old colts has been coughing

-more or less for the past two months and

I also haVe an eight-year-old mare that

has not been thriving for several weeks.

H. 8.. Fremont, Mich.—Give her .1 oz. of

ground licorice, 1,5 oz. ground ginger at

a. dose in feed three times a day. Also

give your other mare 2 drs. powdered

sulphate iron. 4 drs. ground gentian and

8 drs. of ground ginger at a dose in feed

two or three times a day. .

. Partial. Dislocation of Stale—“Muns—

My ltl-mOnL'hs-old colt is. troubled with

a partial dislocatiOn of stifle Joint, when

out he drags toe for a few steps and

then can go no farther; however, the

joint seems to slip into place, then he

goes fairly well. I also have some horses





and he s that are wormy. H. A., 'Ypsi-

lanti. lglichr—Apply one part red Iodide

mercury and eight parts lard to stifle-





once a week. Give your horses .1 dr. of

santonine and 1 oz. ground gentian at a

dose in feed three times a week for two

weeks. Give your wormy pigs fluid ex—

tracc of spigeiia and senna equal parts;

the dose for a full grown hog is 1,42 oz.

twice a day until the bowels move

freely. .

Chronic Grease Heel.—I have an eight-

year—old horse- that has had sore_h1nd

legs for the past four years, the skin on

back part of hind legs is rough and un—

- have failed to





even and our local Vets. ‘ ‘

do his legs much good. E. b.,'(ohar—

lotte, Mich—Apply one part mode of





zinc and three parts vaseline and give

him 11. oz. Donovan’s solution at a dose

in fcell or water two or three times a

(la .



ll‘riIIy Coughs—Nodular Disease in Sheep

—-l{iduey DiscaSe.——I have a three-yep??—

old iilly that is troubled with a slight‘

cough. but seems to be in good condi-

tion and not unhealthy. About three

weeks ago my iive-year—old buck was

taken sick, acted dumpish, with loss of

appetite, eating very little corn fodder.

but not touching clover hay at all. Some

ten days later he commenced to scour,

then i looked up back numbers of the

Michigan Farmer and concluded from

reading that he might have nodular dis-

ease. i gave him 4 ozs. of a one per

cent solution of sheep dip, which is the

same, I suppose, as the coal—tar creo-

sote you recommended in your veterinary

column. This 1 gave him in the morn-

ing and at night I gave him 4 02s. of raw

linseed oil. lie seemed a little better for

a day or two, but the scours continued

and he died four days later. 1 opened

him. .‘he small intestines

with small hard bunch or nodules, as I

called them; these bunches contained a

green looking substance almost like dry

manure balls. Were these the nodules?

This sheep had been fed clover hay, corn

fodder and bean pods and he was ileShy.

l—lis kidneys seemed to be almost rotten,

but all other organs were healthy. What

caused his death? \V. E, 13., St. Johns,

Mich—Your filly will be benefited by giv-

ing her 1' oz. of powdered licorice and 1

oz. of ground ginger at a dose in feed

two or three times a day. Coal tar

sheep dip or coal tar disinfectant is not

coal tar creosote, but is sometimes given

in nodular disease. Your ram suffered

from nodular disease and kidney disease

in the advanced stage, therefore treat-

ment would have no effect. Your other

sheep may suffer from nodular disease in

a mild form and will do them very little





harm. It is well to keep in mind that

there is no cure for this ailment, but

your sheep will be benefited by giving





them equal parts of ground gentian, gin~

ger and salt in their feed; 1/2 a teaspoon-

ful is a dose for a full grown sheep and

give the medicine twice a day.

Barrenness.—According to your direc-

tions 1 fed my sow that did not come in





heat, a teaspoonful of ginger, 1/5 tea-

spoont‘u‘. capsicum and .One-sixtieth of a

grain tablet of strychnlne in feed three





times a day for less than one week to

young sow and obtained satisfactory re—

sults—ls}. E. W., Highland, Mich.



AbSt-cSS.-——I have a cowthat has a sore

between the angles of lower jaw and I

would like to know what to apply. G.

8., Breckenridge, Mich—Apply iodoform

to wound twice a day and give her 3 drs.

of iodide potassium at a dose three times

a day.



Stocking—My 11-year-old horse stocks

in hind legs and swells under belly, but

does not appear to be sick. S. M., Grand

Haven, Mich—Give your horse a tea-

spoonful of powdered nitrate potash, two

tabl‘espoonfuls of ground gentian and 1

dr. ground nux vomica at a dose in feed

three times a day. It is needless for me

to say that the bowels should be kept

open and he should be exercised some

every day.



Fracture—I have a driving mare that

fractured fore leg and our local Vet. tells

me the head of the ulna is fractured,

making it impossible to apply a perma-

nent bandage. Have yOu ever used Ber-

gunda pitch bandage in treatingfrac-

ture? XV. O’M., Emmet, Mich—Yes, I

have used pitch bandages many times

and they gave me good results, but I

prefer plaster paris bandage; however.

do not‘believe you can bandage your

horse’s legs and obtain satisfactory re—

sults. Place your horse in a sling, keep

him quiet and yOu may perhaps get a

bony union, if. so he will recover and

not be lame. but if you get a fibrous un-

ion he will perhaps always 'be lame.





 





 





were covered ‘





 





 





for horseflesh and muscle is





 

 

 





stomach of any barnyard animal of





 

 





 





Dr. Hess Stock Tonic

contains :

llux Vomlcs. Digestive



and Nerve Tonic.

Qnaoaiu. Digestive'l‘onic



, and Warm Expellcr.

Sulphate 0! Iron. Blood



Builder and General



Tonic.



Sulphate o! Bods. Laxa-

tive and Liver Tonic.

Common WhAppetlzer,



Cleanser.



Epsom Salts. Laxative.

filtrate “Potash. Stim- ‘



ulates Kidneys. 7'

Charcoal. Prevents



Noxious es.

Penugrook. Tonic and



Aromatic.



The above is carefully

compounded byDr.Hcss

(M.D.,D.V.S.). with just

enough cereal meal to



make a perfect mixture.





all 0





2-cent





 





 





 





 





Canada and





 





 





Testihis Hay/Press

FREE IO days





Speiééi’éA‘Sleel Alligator‘





with 60-inch feed hole can bale 2% tons an

hour or it is yours free. .





Would such a baler interest you?





 





   

 

 





 





 





for working horses on swamp

land. This one shoe is ad—

justable to suit, the size and

-. shape of any horse‘s foot.

Patented and manufactured

" by L. Brigham, Decatur,

Mich. Send for circular.



w A N T E Kent. County. Must under-

stand stock raising and gen-



eral farming. Prefer young married man brought up

on farm who has had Agricultural (‘ollcgo training.





Give experience and references. Address.

SCIENTIFIC. Care Carrier No.43.Grand ltadids,Mich'





 





 





—A scientific working manager

for large up to date farm in





 





Saginaw Valley Stock Farm





Importers of





Belgian and Percheron

Stallions and Mares.





Formerly of Decatur. Indiana.





15 Years Importers.





 





Just arrived with an extra. good importation

of stallions from 2 to 4 years old, which we

offer at very reasonable and attractive prices

with guarantee the best. If you come with

cash or bankable paper we will try our best

to sell to you. We have our selling cloth on

every day in week. Write your wants or

come and see us.





ELI SPRUNGER a. SON, Props.

Boll Phone 292 I J—Z. Saginaw. w.s. Mloh.





 





con SALE—Reg. Clydesdale Stud Coll





Fooled May. 1912. Wm. P. Pullingo Son. Pnrmn. Mich.

—-1 five-





For Solo m... Belgioo Stallion





 





The horse is the backbone andsinew of every farm—the call "





This everyday utilization of tissue and muscle must be constantly repaired

and can only be repaired by diqexted food. But as the horse has the smallest l1

its size and its feed much more highly con-

centrated, it is necessary to invigorate and tone up the horse's digestive organs

to make sure of his getting the good out of his dinner.





DR-HESS STOCK TONIC





is a scientific preparation formulated by Dr. Ross (M.D.,D.V.S.) and com-‘

posed of bitter tonics that give tone to the general system, gentle laxa- %





back to our dealer and get your money back.

$1.60; loo-lb. sack $5.00. Except in Canada and extreme West and South.





FREE. Dr. Hess (M.D.,D.V.S.) will at any time prescribe for your ailing animals free

of charge if you will send him full details. Mention this paper and send





DR. HESS POULTRY PAN-A-G'E-A.

be in the pink of condition, so that the offspring may have an even chance to reach maturity.

penny’s worth of Dr. Hess Poultry Pan-a-ce—a will feed thirty hens, which will insure red combs and plenty of hen music.

It will make your hens lay, it will insure health in your poultry flock, excellent for little chicks, prevents those

little bowel troubles and complications, also prevents and cures gapes, cholera, indigestion and the like.

1% lbs. 250 (mail or express 40c); 5 lbs. 600; 12 lbs. $1.25; 25—lb. pail $2.50.

If your dealer cannot supply you, we will.

Send 2c for Dr. Hess 48-page Poultry Book, Free.





ms TANT 1.0055 KILLER mus nag





 

 





 

 





continuous.





 





tives that regulate the bowels and diuretics that act gently . /’



on the kidneys. It not only gives the workhorse spirit and %



stamina, but it will make your cows give more milk, your /. _ ,

steers digest more food, and its results are especially "1??;é};

marked when fed to hogs and pigs. It relieves the minor stock ail- Gé/Zé"





ments and expels worms.





Our roposilion: Ifit does not give your workhorse spirit and stamina, make

your stock thrive better, free from disease and free from worms, take the empty packages

Every pound sold on this guarantee.





stamp. 96-page Veterinary Book 3159 free.

DR. HESS & CLARK, Ashland, Ohio.





extreme West.





 





 





 





HEWO

BELGIAN 8





NEW IMPORTATION





We have given more than a quarter

century to importing breeding and dis-

tribution of the Belgian horse. We

handle no other breed and believe we

have now in this new importation of

stallion: and mate: a clan of hone:

that will please you. and all are for

sale at prices not equalled by anyone

in the business when merit is consider-

ed. Will be pleased to have you ask

about them and to visit us at any time.





H. & H.-WOLF





Wabash, Ind. ‘

HEWO STOCK FARM





 





Your hens that are now laying eggs for hatching should





;





 





 

 

 





   

 





 

 

 





. i

,1.





 

 

 





ii..-

to





.

v

V:





 

 

 

 





 

 





   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





A 25-“). pail





 

 

   

   

   

   

 

 

 

 

   





   

 





 





   





Just a





   

   

   

   

 

 





Except in





 





   

 

 

   





 





foo Ahead-Look Aroundl





\Ve would like your business, but

we are glad to have you see others

and compare with our





STALLIDNS





flur Percheron: and Belgians





will meet the demand for quality

and real draft. To know about

them, you must see them. Once





 





 





 





 





DUNHAMS’

PERCHERONS





are today as for the past

forty-seven years the

Fresh» importation. Cat-

alogue FREE.



Du Page County, Ill.





seeing them, you will be satisfied.

Call on us at





Huntington, Indiana.





GED. W. SDIIERS & SONS.J





(Service Book 10c.)





 





 





L





THREE PERBHERON STALLIDNS





With Quality as well as Quantity. The kind that

Michigan Horsemen like. Mustbo sold this spring

tocloso an Estate. Two. three and four years old.

Sound. Kind and Registered. Have been driven Will

be priced to sell. (lomo and see them or write.

PARSONS & BALDWIN.

Pere‘Marquctte R. R. W'atervllet. Min-h.





PEBGHEBOHS—BLAGKS and GBAYS





We can show more bone and muscle than any breed-

er in Michigan. Young stock for sale from mares

weighing 1800 to 2Xl00 lbs. Imposant 79403 (79835)

weight 2330 lbs. at head of stud

C AS. 050000 6: SONS. Mich





PERCH ERON S





bred for utility as well as show quality. Stable

includes sovcral international winners. Young

Stock for sale. Come. or write



B. F. ANDERSO. ', R. No. 1. Admin. Michigan.





 





 





Mendon.





 





 





DUHAM 5. Wayne,

F O R SA L E 3113:3-31531'-





PERCHERON STALLION





Chapelle No. 62940





Sire Olbert. Sire of dam—Calypso. A black weigh-

ing 1800 lbs. Bred by the Michigan Agricultural

College, and owned by





A. A. PALMER & SONS, Belding. Mich.





APair 3-year-old Mares $600





One Registered Percheron in Foal





gray and bay. chunks “Low down and wide out.”

Both sircd by G’d son of Brilliant. Reg. mare

(gray) G'd dam largest imported mare in Michigan.

She is in foal to‘nn Imp. Percheron, double G'd son

of Besigue. Grade mare, (bay) her dam to Percheron-

Morgan mare. Both sound. Price $600. cash.





R. H. Sherwood, Watervliet, Mich.

coming





2 Percheron Stallions 3......

wt. 1850-1700 in... sound and good ones. $004700. each:

2 Shorthorn Bulls‘m02:oi%‘§i‘m8

'75. reopeotivelv. Call or write '

H. B. PETERS. Elsie, Mich. P. 0. Burton.





 





 





 





 





Sound and right in every way. loo a 3-year-old

. K. 01- will trade for other Live Stock and Real

Estate. Address,W.G. Himmelwright,Frankfon.Mich.





 





   





For Sale: four'nmloo 3 to 5 years. Also pair of spotted

Arabian mares 4 and 5 years. 11 sound. kind and

gentle. Also broke. Wosloy M. Vines,’Pinckney. Mich.





 





 





—Mntched pair of buys in foal

Reg- Percheron mares price $700. One two~.\‘r.-old

stud colt. good one. price 333). Also some two and

three-yr.-old mares. priced under $300.

J. PARKER 8; SUN. (‘ussopolia Michigan.





 





for Sale from 1 to 4 years old. In the spring some

will make ton horses with lots of quality and 3



action. Must be sold before the first of April.

F. A. PE’I‘Z. Capac. Michigan.





qOME fine young registered Clydesdale Stallions

be





 





Reg. Percheron Stallion and Marc Coils for Sale.

M. A. BRAY. Okemos. Mich.





m orted and ure bred ‘ We make a a '.

I fielgian &’ lyercheron Stallions. alt of Qua leg}

Bone and ,Weight. G. do H. LOCKER. luflton. Ohio.





JACKS and MULES





Raise mules and get rich.

18 Jack and Mule farms un-

der one management.

where can be seen 340 head

fine in:- e Jacks. Jennys and

mules. 4 to 17 hands high.

ood ones. Stock uran-

teed. Write for prices to“

day. Address

KBEKLER'B JACK FARM

West. Elkton. Ohio.

Brnnoh barns: Clinton Ind.





—Begistered Black Percheron Stallion

For sale seven years old. 1 lbs. sure foal

getter. sound. kind Ind right. ots of colts to show.





 





 





 





 





 





Forb t. of re m boeol at once. B i t

QE6?WAB§¥E' 3.3; No.5. Ionia. Mlggl‘g3?
, we m2 mewwwmem-





l





 





 





 





 





 





T-HE'MICHIGAN FARMER





That Stand The Test





money back from your dealer.





"The Recollection of Quality Remains

Long After the Price is Forgotten. ”

“'E. C. SIMMONS.





Trade Mark Registered.

If not at your dealer's, write us.

SIMMONS HARDWARE



C0., Inc.

St. Louis New York





Philadelphia Toledo

Minneapolis





In purchasing tools for the farm care should be taken to select

the ones that stand the test.

. Garden Rakes bearing the name Keen Kutter are positively

kid guaranteed the finest quality made. If you want to

save money, time and worry, safeguard yourself by

asking for the kind marked





KEEN KUTTEK





A lifetime guarantee of absolute satisfaction or





Hoes, Manure Forks and





 





 





 





 





/ GALVANIZED '





’ .Steel Reeling,





I





specify Lot No.

This is not galvan





 





 





 

 

 





Wate





prices on every_kind ofroofin 5; material.





Never Before and Never Again

5 Roofing Offer ike This!





 





L.





We have only a limited amount of this Corrugated Iron

Roofing at this price. It is brand new, perfect, first-class in every

respect, but light weight~ We bought it at a forced sale and must sell

it quick. Sheets 22x24x134 inch corrugation.

on] $1.25 peg: 3311:1619,





rite for our spectal





 





 





Our wrecking price is

delivered F. O B. Cars Chicago. On this item

. . 7 . We cannot pay frei beat this unheard of price.

ized, but black Steel Rooting.





Freight Prepaid Prices {133.9





ever offered in the history of Roofing Materials. ”

our surplus stock on all of our roofing materials. We have absolutely “smashed



This is your opportunity to buy what you need at a.

tremendous savtng. We intend to maintainour leadership as the largest “direct to consumer" Roofing

Material Concern on earth and we defy any competitor to meet our prices.





We Will Save You Money





re—roofin our house barn granaries poultry houses etc. write us and we will give

you the geiiefit of our’years’of experience and our best, adv1ce as to the kind and qual-





alvanized Roof-

The lowest prices

We must move





on any and ever

siding or ceiling.





 

 





 

 

 

 

   





 

 

 

 

 





Per100 Sq.Ft.

Buys Best





STEEL

ROOHNG





   

 





 

 





kind of roofing,

I you are thinking of





ity you should buy. We have full stocks of Plain Flat, Corrugated,_Standing Scam and "V"

Crimped sheets, suitable for all covering purposes—Roofing, Siding, Ceiling, Lining, etc.

a.





I a best nd chec est in the long run. easiest to _

Metal R00 i"d.“irlitning pzi'oof: coo er in Summer warmer in Winter: do not taint rain water; With

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fire, water an





‘ll' t l'l’ time.

ordinary care wrl as a ‘8 organization and our 82.000.000 Cap tal Stock—ma.





 





 





BOOK FREE

Chicago House

- Wrecking Company

Dept. K42 Chicago





Send me. frcc.y our

Roofing: Catalog.





y, longest life, non-absorbent:





es it possible





1 for us to plot: up these “snaps" and pass them along to you.

GREAT ROOFING '





‘ Write Today for Free Sample





I

i

o n u i

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We make nothing but the highest grade of Galvanized Steel

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Send for free samples, complete roofing book with directions

and freight-prepaid price liot.Write u- today—A portal will do.





THE OHIO GALVANIZING 8: MFG. C0., 16AM Street, NILES, OHIO





 

 

 

 

 

 

   





 





til i l





 

 





 

 





   

 

 

 





 





 





 





wrmrfil

FREIGHT





Ellllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|llllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllliilllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllll





Practical





 





ECONOMY OF RETAIL MEATS.





 





BY FLOYD W. ROBISON.





 





Incidental to the discussion of com-

parative costs of different cuts of meat,

it is interesting to note the very great

variation in the ,water content of the

different cuts of meat from the same un-





imal carcass.

\Vater

Content.

Per Cent.

Clod ........................ ....... 63.04

Round ....... . ........ 60.86

Hind shank ...... .. .. ..... .. .6102

Fore shank .6095

Neck .......... ’36l2

' Chuck ....... . ........... .....55.77

Loin ....... ..... 47.42

Rump ......... . .................... 46.20

lib .............. . ................. 45.15

Plate .............................. 39.42. .

Flzlnk .............................. 32.26





As is to be expected, although we ap-

prehend, not generally known, thosecuis

of meat which show the highest content

of moisture show the lowest content of

fat. In other wordS, the clod which con-

tains 63.04 per cent moisture shows 17.96

per cent fat, while the flank which show—

ed only 32.26 per cent moisture showed

57.16 per cent fat. If the cut of meat

consisted entirely of lean meat without

any fat whatsoever, in other words, 100

per cent lean, it would show by analysis

75 per cent of water and no fat. We

will see, then, that the nearer the cut

approaches the lean, the higher the con—

tent of water until we get to the point

where it is absolutely clear lean meat. in

which condition the maximum content of

water, or 75 per cent, is shown. This

condition, by way of digression. for a

moment, is of grout inlcl‘est because it

furnishes the clue to the determination of

the addition of water artificially in com—

minuted meals. It would scem that, with

a natural meat showing 75 per cent of

water, when perfectly lean, that the

amount of water were sufficient as pro-

vided by nature. But it has been the

practice of certain manufacturers to add

still greater quantities of water in the

manufacture of commiuuted meat pro-

ducts. In the case of Armour & Co. vs.





 





 





 





Bird, an injunction against the State

Dairy and Food Commissioner, the cou—

tent'ion was made. and substantiated that

it was by no means uncommon for man-

ufacturers to actuzllly add to sausage

from 5 to 40 per cent of water beyond the

normal 75 per cent which was already in

the meat.



One Cut of Meat is Not More Watery



than Another.



The great variation which we have

shown in the water content of the dif-

ferent cuts, varying us it does between

32 and 63 per cent does not indicate that

one portion of this meat is any more

Watery than another portion but does

simply indicate that one portion is more

fatty than another portion, the absolute

fat tissue containing no water whatso-

ever.



How to Determine Addedi Water in Meat.



\\'e have maintained that _to determine

the presence of added water in meat it is

simply necessary to determine the per-

centage of moisture and the percentage

of lean meat and as the lean meat is

essentially a nitrogen product, and main-





 





 





 





 





 





Whon writing to advertisers please mention the Michigan Farmer.





 





1y protein, by determining the percentage

of nitrogen in the meat we are euablcd

to figure directly from this just how

much water not originally contained was

put into this meat. A study of these fig-

ures given heretofore indicates that one

part of protein or dried lean meat car—

ries with it from 3 to 3.2 parts of water.

Consequently, if in determining the lean

meat in :1 cut we simply determine the

percentage of protein, which is an ordi—

nary laboratory operation, then multiply

this percentage- by 3.2 and we will have

the amount of water which naturally be-

longs to that meat. If, for example, then,

we have before us a. sample of sausage

Or other comminuted meat, a product

prepared in such a way that the original

structure of the meat is destroyed, the

simplest way to determine the presence

of added water is to determine the nitro-

gen content which fixes the true amount

of lean meat in the product, and, of

course, as we have explained above, the

lean meat is the only part of the product

which carries water. Suppose, for ex-

ample, we find in a certain sample of

sausage 10 per cent of protein. \Ve then





 





El|llIllll|lllllllllllll|llilll|llillllllll!lllIll'lIlillllllll|llllllllHlllllllllllllllllllll|llllllllllllllllillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllll|lHillIililllll|lIllllllllllllllllllllllllll||Illl||lillllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllfl





MARCH’ 8, 1913.





lllllllllllllilllllIllllllllllllllllllllll|IllllllllllIlllIllllllllllIIllllIlll|IllllIllllllll|lllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllifl





Science.





 





multiply this 10 per cent by 3.2, which

gives us 32 per cent, the amount of wat-

er which would be natural to that meat

Droduct, due to the lean meat which it

contains. Suppose, now, an actual anal)“

sis reveals 70 per cent of water in this

meat product. \Ve then know by a sim-

ple calculation that 38 per cent of that

water was introduced from without. In

other words, the sun-wage has been

adultei‘ated with 38 parts of water in

every 100.



This is not a theoretical proposition

but one which is closely connected with

the problem which we are here discuss-

ing, i_ e., the pecuniary economy and

nutritive value of meats.





The Real Adulterant Passed By.



In the case just previously cited, the

supreme court, in passing upon the evi-

dence in the case, reviewing as it did

the opinion handed dOWn by the Honor-

able l—l'owm'd \Veist, Judge of the Ingham

County Circuit Court, passed solely upon

the relationship of so-called cereal to

Sausage, holding that whenever cereals

were used, it was incumbent upon the

manufacturer to reveal in so many words,

upon the label, that the product con-

tained cereal. We were conscious in the

prcseiitzition of this case that while ce-

i-cal constituted an adulteration, in our

opinion. which opinion was substantiated

by the supreme court. that to allow the

proposition to rest solely upon the cereal

point was in reality pushing to one side

the real adultci'unt in the case. The evi-

dence submitted by the complainant, said

Armour & Co. itself, plainly disclosed

that cereal did not improve the product

except where it concealed inferiority in

the grade and quality of meals used in

the sausage. This admission was more

forceful when it became known, as the

trial showed, that the complainant itself

manufactured for commercial purposes a

Very high-grade sausage which contain-

cd no added cereal whatsoever, and this

sausage. was conSidercd of sufficiently

greater value so that it was necessary

that it retail in the market for at least

two cents per pound higher than was the

case with the cereal sausage. ‘Ve have

not, contended, nor do we venture. to as-

sci't now. that the cereal is used in the

sausage solely for the purpose of con-

cealing the winter added, because our

contention was that it was, as well, at

least in many instances. to conceal the‘

lower grade of meats which were used

therein.



Lean Meat Has a High Affinity for-



Water.



\Vhen it is realized that lean meat in

its normal natural condition contains as

high as 75 per cent of water and that as

much as 40 per cent of water over and

above this content has been added to

meat without destroying the marketabil-

ity of the product, then our readers must

upprcciaic what an enormous combining

power lean meat tissue has with water

when skillfully manipulalcd.



\Vc regret very much that this point

was not brought into prominence by the

«lecir'ion oi" the supreme court for it is

this question of water and not cereal

which in reality affccts the economic val-

uc of commiuutcd meats. Cereal is an

indicator, at least, of a low quality of

mcuts, but wultr in excess of the lean

meat tmauiity is an evidence of direct

(Illulll‘l‘zllloll and as an evidence of direct’

udultcmtion having no nutritive value

whatsoever, it becomes a very important

factor in the matter of high cost of

living.



We have been taken to task a number

of times for our insistence upon the con-

stancy of this relationship between the

prmcin in meat and its water content,

but of the great number of analyses

which have bcen studied by us, we have

yet to see any discrepancy whatsoever

in the statement made in this particular.



In our next discussion we shall attempt

to show the exact economical aspect so

for :is the ultimate consumer is concern-

cd of the different retailed cuts. of meat.





RENEW AT ONCE.





 





If yOur Michigan Farmer subscription

is about to expire send at once 50c for

one year, $1.00 for two years, $1.25 for

three years, or $2.00 for five years. You

can not afford to do Without it at this

low price.
. y'fiancnéismms. .





m lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfllifil





 





s g

S i i

5 Farmers Clubs g

Elllmllflllllllllfllllllllllllllllllllllfllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfi





Address all Communications relative to

the organization of new Clubs to Mrs. C.

P. Johnson, Metamora, Mich.





Associational‘ Motto:

The skillful hand, with cultured mind,

is the farmer’s most valuable asset.





 





Associational Sentiment:

The farmer, he garners from the soil

the primal wealth of nations.

WHAT THE LOCAL CLUBS ARE

DOING.





 





Summit Farmers’ Club, of Jackson

County.—~The delegate from this Club

raised the important question, “Are many

Clubs neglecting an important feature in

the published yearly programs?” This

Club gets up the program from month to

month and finds the plan an unsatisfac-

tory one. The delegate suggested a pro-

gram committee in the state organiza-

tion in order to make suggestions which

would be valuable to, the local Clubs. A

feature only second in importance in the

opinion of this delegate, was the Club

fair which the Club has held with good

success. A special feature of, this Club’s

work is children‘s day in July. The ques-

tiOn box is made a feature of the month-

ly meeting. A basket picnic is held in

August and a Club fair in October. The

roll call is made a feature of interest by

having the responses suitable to the oc-

casion, as for instance, in February the

roll call is answered'by quotations from

“Vashington and Lincoln.



The Howell Farmers' Club, of Living-

ston County, was represented by Mrs. R.

R. Smith, who described in an interest-

ing manner the work of that Club. The

Club has monthly programs prepared es—

pecially for each meeting. the delegate

'explaining that in this way the members

thought they received greater benefit

from the discussions, as these were di—

rected along up-to-date lines and the

members were able to discuss i‘he latest

things from the “wire” instead of some

set topic selected several months in ad-

vance. This Club is an exception to most.

others, if not all others, in the state in

that no meals are served except at one

meeting, when an annual banquet is held,

which, is made a general rally.



Hadley and Elba Farmers’ Club, of

Lapeer County, is 14 years old, as stated





by the delegate, and holds 12 regular

meetings during the year. It has a mem-

bership of 128, which is the largest in





the‘ state and includes 60 to 70 families.

Special features are a July picnic and in

August the Club joins with the Lapeer

County Farmers' Association picnic, while

in January an oyster dinner is held and

in November the gentlemen serve the



~dinner. Dinner is served at the meet-

ings during the winter months and sup-

per during the Summer months. The

dues have always been 25 cents per mem—

her, but are to be raised to 40 cents per

member. The traveling library is util—

ized by this Club, two sets of books per

year being secured. A children’s meeting

is held and as an innovation the Club

contemplates the holding of a series of

lectures at which the Grange will be ask-

ied to join. The Club has held a. Club

Fair for a number of seasons until this

year.





CLUB DISCUSSIONS.





 





 





Hold Temperance Meeting.—The As-

syria Farmers’ Club was very royally

entertained at the Baseline M. E. church

on Saturday, Feb. 22. There were about

200 present to enjoy the dinner and most

excellent program; most excellent because

we had the pleasure of listening to a

temperance address by Mr, T. H. Burke,

of Detroit, Superintendent of the State

Anti-Saloon League. He said in part:

“This question is a fight and deserves

hard work. To make life worth while

choose a vocation and stick to it, and

this temperance question is as import-

ant as any. If the liquor question is

none of our business why do the saloon

element put the question to a vote to

find out if they may have the right to

sell liquor? It is a partnership and if

you vote wet you are in partnership with

the saloon-element. Again, the saloon

men are a’ privileged few. Their busi-

ness is unconstitutional for it says no

one has the right of special privilege.

Look at Ingham countY. The committee

sent to investigate the jails reported

that either the jails must be enlarged or

the saloons must be closed. There'was

an increase. in the number sent to jail,

of 500 per cent, or an average of 87 per

month. If we could see this as God sees

it the virtue of our girls is no more

precious than the soberness of our boys."

This address was right to the point and



‘ very much enjoyed as Calhoun county

expects to vote on. this question this

spring. Following the address were sev-





 





T‘H EM I 0 Hi can. F A r. M E‘R





eral ‘recltations and musical numbers.-

This was one of the best meetings in

the history of the Assyria Farmers’ Club.

Our next meeting will be with Mr. and

Mrs. George Kent, March 22.-—Ruth E.

Cargo, Reported.



Discuss National Questions—The Feb-

ruary meeting 0 the Wixom Farmers'

Club were entertained by Mr. and Mrs.

Thomas Hartland at their very pleasant:

farm home. At the noon hour the large

house was filled with Club members and

visitors, who partook of the usual good

dinner. After the social hour We were

called to order by President Nicholson

and listened to a good program, consist-

ing of music and recitations. The ques-

tions mostly discussed were: “The In-

come Tax,” and “The Extension of the

President’s Term.” While both brought

out quite a disoussion, the opinion of~the

Club was equally divided. A committee

of three was appointed to draft resolu-

tions on the death of our much loved

and very active member, Mrs. E. M.

Moore—Mrs. R. D. Stephens, Cor. Sec.



The Farmers’ Institute held at the

town hall, Salem, Feb. 10, was one of

the best ever held by t‘he Club. Good

music and recitations filled in between

the excellent talks, the first of which

was given by State Speaker A. C. Potts

on the subject, “Conservation of the

soil.” The speaker illustrated his points

by chemical tests before the audience. A

bountiful dinner of chicken-pie and other

good things was served. The afternoon

session was occupied with addresses from

State Speaker Potts and Prof. Harvey,

of the State Normal College. The latter

spoke on ”the value of an education.”

An excellent paper was given by Robert





ROSS on “Potatoes. ” The Speaker

thought the seed was a minor point

when compared with the preparation,





cultivation and fertilization of the soil.

In the evening Prof. Harvey spoke on

the “Central High School, its economic

and educational value.” and A. C. Potts

spoke on “Progressive Agriculture,” and

“How to keep the boys and girls. on the

farm.” Lively discu5sions through the

day showed our farmers to be interested

in these live subjects, and anxious to

learn more about them. Closed with

music. Next meeting of the Club will be

held with Mr. and Mrs. J. M. Crane.—

H. C. T. '



The February Meeting of the Indian-

fields Farmers’ Club was held at the

pleasant home of Mr. and Mrs. Robert

Parks. About 60 members and invited

guests were present. Among the num-

ber were a few members of the Hickory

Club. At the noon hour the usual good

dinner was served by Mrs. Ella Andrews

and her assistants. After the social hour

the Club was called to order by the

president, “'illiam L. Eldridge. Meeting

opened by singing, after which all joined

in repeating the Lord’s Prayer. After

the usual business meeting the program

of the day was given. Aside from sev-

eral good musical numbers Mrs. Ellen

Purdy read a paper entitled, “Some coun-

try gentlemen and what they are do-

ing.” Question for discussion, “Is the

new mortgage tax law beneficial to the

borrower?” The question box was well

patronized, which proved after being an-

swered, to contain many useful items.

Club closed by singing—Mrs, Margaret

Arnold, Sec.





Elllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllll





Grange.





E«LtéllllliilllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllli



Our Motto—“The farmer is of more

consequence than the farm, and should be

first improved.”





   

 





 





llll





fl





illlll





 





ANOTHER SUCCESSFUL INTER-

COUNTY POMONA.





 





The co-operalive county meeting of

Osceola and Miecosta counties was a

notable event in the histories of these

two Pomonas. A brilliant winter day,

Feb. 28, with an attendance of about 150,

conspired to make fit conditions for the

profitable sessions held in Reed City from

10 a. m. to 10 p. m. Richmond Grange

acted as hostess for this gathering and

most hospitably met the occasion. E, D.

Clark is master of both Richmond sub—

ordinate and Osceola Pomona and led

his forces admirably. Master Kiefer. of

Mecosta Pomona, came in from deputy

work to add his cordial presence. The

pregram was well arranged and spiced

sufficiently to keep everybody in the best

of humor. Lecturers were present from

Lake county, as well as the two uniting

counties, and all entered heartily into

the Lecturers’ Conference which waslhe

closing feature of the afternoon session.

Much is due to Pomona Lecturers Orah

Thacker and Mrs. Rood for arranging

this meeting in all~its details. In the

evening Osceola Pomona officers confer-

red the fifth degree upon 16 candidates

drawn from the three counties, doing it

with great credit and beauty.



It was good thus to reach hands over

county lines. Hearts were strengthened

for future work, methods exchanged and,

best of all, each went home feeling more

conscious than ever before of the satis-

faction of deepened and extended friend-

ships. Plans are being made for a “re-

turn visit,” later in the year. at some

point in Mecosta county. Both of these

Pomonas are issuing year—books and both

have been stimulating their subordinate

Granges by special efforts—J. B.





 





AMONG THE LIVE GRANGES.





 





Sodus Grange, of Berrien county, re-

ports renewed interest and activity re-

sulting in the addition of a number of

members since the beginning of the year.

It's hall is also undergoing repairs and

improvement, while indications gener-

ally point to a most successful year. The

officers who took charge of the affairs



I





of this subordinate at the beginning of

the year are as follows:: Master. Wm.

Heater; overseer, Wallace King; lecturer,

John Harmbn; chaplain, Miss King; sec-

retary, Miss Jameson; treasurer, Mrs.

Pearl Cassidy; steward, H. Dohm; as—

sist’ant steward, Elwood Shiftert; gate

keeper, Miss Helen Kimball.



Charlevoix Pomona met with Maple

Grove Grange on Feb. 20, with about 50

in attendance which, considering the way

the roads were drifted, was very good.

The lecturer being absent, a. committee

was appointed to “DICK-Up" a program





and a fine one was provided. Among the -





topicg discussed were farmers’ institutes.





fruit growing, hog raising and milk test-

ing. In the evening Messrs. Emory

Pierce, Clinton Bowen, Claude Bowen,





Emil Nasson and Miss Pearl Chandler

were obligated in the fifth degree, after

which all members received the new fifth

degree annual word. Grange then closed

in form to meet with Peninsula Grange

on Thursday, April 17.~—L. D. Willson,

Secretary.





THE GRANGE IN OTHER STATES.





 





Cheering Cand'ltions In Keystone State.





During last year the Granges of Penn-

sylvania increased as never before, not

in membership and numbers only but in

the actual amount of business transact-

ed, and in perfecting the final arrange—

ments for a fixed number of Grange

warehouses or local exchanges to be

erected in various parts of the state

where the farmers will have a square

deal in purchasing supplies and in dis-

posing of their surplus produce. The

state of Pennsylvania is composed of 67

counties, 65 of which contain Granges.

Some. of these counties have as many

as 39 subordinate Granges in operation

at the present time; 50 counties are rep-

resented in the Pomona Granges of the

state of which there are over 40.



Pomona Grange No. 4 held its regular

session in the thriving little city of

Corry, Erie county, early in December

last. The seSSions drew an average at-

tendance of 350 members. Discussions

upon the following subjects were inspir-

ing and educational: Legislative pros-

pects, state and national; civic art and

its relation to Country Life; What is

meant by Rural Education; Christian So-

cialism; the best use, we can make of

the great work done by our National and

State Departments of Agriculture, and

many others of equal interest.



During the past year the writer pre-

sided over four lecturcrs' conferences.

These conferences are being organized in

all the Pomona districts of the State. and

reports from our state lecturer are to

the effect that they are proving beneficial

to all departments of the order. Topics

discussed in the Erie county conference

of recent date were: The opportunities

of a Lecturer; the Lecturer’s Co-work-

ers; the Grange as a Li-Oulder of Public

Opinion; Hinderances to Good Lecture

Work; the Value of the Lecture Hour to

the Farmer; What is a Balanced Pro-

gram; How can the Lecturer Enliven

her ProgramS; The Value of enthusiasm

in Lecture Work.



The work of the State Grange, held at

Clearfield during early December, was

gratifying. It has a live legislative com—

mittee that is always on the job. Our

state platform demands: A reform in

'the rules in our state legislature; equal-

ization of taxation; increased appropria—

tions for roads and schools; state aid

for the improvement of township roads

to the amount of $25 per mile: increased

appropriations to our state agricultural

college; amendment to the constitution

for the direct election of senators. The

Grange also went on record as opposed

to a fifty million dollar bond issue for

state highways—Mrs. W. D. Ripley,

Lect. Erie County Pomona.





New York Patrons on Co-Operation.





At the meeting of New York State

Grange, held last month, the committee

on co-operation recommended to the

slate body that its executive committee

Shall appoint a committee of three to

formulate a workable, harmonious plan

for the organization of co-operative so-

cieties among producers; that said com-

mittee shall report at the earliest time

practicable to the executive committee

of the State Grange; that upon the ap-

proval of the plan by the executive com-

mittee, proper forms for the organization

of co-operative societies shall be pre-

pared and distributed wherever required-

for the organization of such co-opera—

live, societies; that the executive com-

mitl‘ec of the State Grange shall there-

upon appoint a competent supervisor of

co-operative organization work, whose

duty it shall be to endeavor, through the

subordinate and Pomona Oranges, to ac-

complish the organization of co-opera-

tive societies throughout the state among





producers; and further, that as rapidly

as those co-operative societies can be

organized. they shall incorporate under





a law which will probably be enacted by

the legislature at this session. giving to

the members of co-operative societies the

advantages to be derived under such law.

The committee further approved of the

resolutions providing for the establish-

ment of co-operative wholesale and re-

tail markets in New York and other cit—

ies throughout the state. also for a state

marketing commission to supervise the

establishment of co—operative markets.

The committee disapproved of the pro-

posed appropriation of $20,000,000 by the

legislature for the establishment of co-

operation among farmers. This report

received the approval of the Grange.





comma. EVENTS.





Inter-county Pomonas.

Washtenaw and Wayne Co.’s at .Yp—

siianti. Tuesday, March 11.

Southwestern Michigan counties. at

Kalamazoo, to meet Pres. K. L. Butter-





 





field in conference on rural life, Friday, . A}





March 14. .





   

 

 





 





 





 





 





39—327





 

 





vi. ‘3 v

.. “Av"

Mt . ‘ “van

9"“ :3 L3" .4.-

.. 5..»





-/' farmer

wrote these books!





—a man who knows farming from

A to Z. He traveled through thous-

ands of square miles of the best

sections in Arkansas and Texas,

along the Cotton Belt Route; and

found out where the real farm 0p-

portunities were—the kind that he,

knew you would like to hear about.





He doesn’t generalize. HeVomea ri he

down to bran tacks and tells you w at

Farmer Tull in raising—shows you

actual pictures of Farmer T 1111’: crops,

etc.; and tells on what the same kind

of land, near 1111’: place, would cost

you now. He got the personal exper-

iences of scores of farmen in this. way;

and tool: actual photos of their placee.

He points out the best sections for wheat

growing, for com, fruit, truck,,etc.—-

in plain words he lifts the whole eituas

tion down to a point where you can say

to yourself: “Thtre is the most likely

locality for my line of farming— I’ll go

and investi to." (And with low round

trip fares v1: Cotton Belt Rome twice

each month your trip will cost mighty

little.) Send a postal today for





Your free copies





of these books— I 15 form pictures

and 100 pages of farm facts! I know

you'll be glad to get them. Write now.





E. W. LnBenume, Gen’l Pus’r Agent

1473 Pierce Bldg., St. Louis. Mo.





AWoNDERflJl MACHINE





 





   

   





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“‘3“ . Forest Hill, Cal. . o“ .- — - Knoxville, Iowa.- “ . .—\ ». - -J coon Ci Iowa

N. M. Ruthstein, Racine, Wis. <N. M. Birthstein, Racine, .Wls‘.. ; . . . ' N..M.. Ruthstein. .Ralizllne. ,Wisfy’ N. M. Ru-thstein, Racine-W -~ . ' - ’



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yours, F. V. OUTHOUSE, , Yours very truly, STANLEY_‘.GREENE.. - Yours respectfully, J. T. CARSON. Yours respectfully, H. EVHOMA‘N.‘ ’





, You ask. .L. I.





 

 





 





   





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_W,,,, has mad. om. . mm“... Then. if absolutely satisfied, you keep them and they'll save you

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§€"r";‘§::.§f°é2;! II. S. Factory, 125 Racine St, Racine, Wis.

Also Manufacturer of the World 'Famous “Sclsntltlc Shoes" for Dress and (foomlSmles





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